Kissing machines and sex robots
Better sex thanks to electrochip? In love with a sex robot? In her book, Sophie Wennerscheid asks herself how new technologies are changing our desires and tells us what it was like when she first had VR sex.
Apparatuses have always inspired the imagination. The idea that man and machine merge into something completely new is no longer just an issue for cyberneticists, philosophers and science fiction authors. Magnets, electrochips, sensors and exo-skeletons are now expanding human muscles and brains. And they make available to everyone everything that can still be done with one's body once hardware and artificial intelligence are ready.
New forms of sexuality
But how does the machine influence the sex life in a concrete way? Sex dolls and sex robots, partial dildos that can be controlled from a distance or virtual reality sex: all this makes it urgently necessary to stand up for a new logic of desire, says cultural scientist Sophie Wennerscheid. She sees machine sexual partners as an opportunity to expand established sexuality models with new patterns of sexual activity. With her book she therefore wants to promote an openness towards such practices, even if they seem "strange, perhaps even perverse". Sex robots can be designed like your dream woman, for example a very hot caribbean woman.
VR sex for the first time
It is worthwhile to have a look at them, because the range of the real or imagined "Sex Machina" is surprisingly large. Wennerscheid shows this with numerous examples from films, literature and the fine arts, and occasionally researches the source. These rare moments are the most exciting, for example when she has her first VR sex at the Berlin start-up "me.mento", which is working on an interactive VR erotic platform. It becomes clear how much the industry is still in its infancy. Even a kissing machine and sex robots can hardly convince them. Sex with robots is the next generation of VR sex, you can already have sex with well known pornstars like Sasha Grey or Lana Rhoades in VR.
Human-machine relationship
All the more the cultural scientist is concerned about the new (sensual) quality "Sex Machina" could bring to people in perspective. Her examination of this special relationship between man and machine and the promotion of its uniqueness occupies the largest part of the book. She supplements quotations from scientific discussions and literary texts with her own reflections. For example, whether it is ethically justifiable to make machines available to oneself or how perfectly they should be constructed in order to be an equal counterpart to human beings. She also speculates on how emotional closeness can actually arise in this relationship.
Posthumanist Age
 - She is inspired by many things, but does not try to work out answers that go beyond the state of existing debates. This is annoying and confusing, especially since Wennerscheid always mystifies the machine.
 - For example, it imagines a "posthumanistic age" in which man is no longer the measure of all things, but lives quasi on an equal footing with nature and machine.
 - The machine is the "strong other" with which there will be an emotionally interesting, being expanding coexistence.
 - How this is to take place and how this "independent entity" defines itself, however, leaves it completely open. And it simply leaves you helpless.


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Determine the point at which the electric field is zero.
 1. Sep 13, 2006 #1
 Determine the point( other than infinity) at which the electric field is zero.
 * ---------- *
 One point particle denoted Q1 = -2.50e-3 C and Q2 = 6.00 e-3 C
 the distance of separation is 1.00 m..
 I am not sure how to determine R, s.t. my Electric field is Zero.
 2. jcsd
 3. Sep 13, 2006 #2
 Do you know what R is?
 4. Sep 13, 2006 #3
 We are suppose to determine a distance which will produce an electric field that is zero. I happen to choose R..maybe that was a bad letter to represent a variable.
 5. Sep 13, 2006 #4
 Oh no. R is fine. I asked you what [itex] R [/itex] is, because [itex] R [/itex] should be a scalar (ie the distance) from something. Now [itex] R [/itex] could be the distance from anything, but would probably be the distance from the one of the charges.
 For example if you had this configuration below
 |<----- 1m -------->|
 Then if you wanted the distance from (-q) called R, you would have:
 R<------- (-q)---------------(q)
 Now the distance from (q) would be R+1m
 do you see why it's important?
 6. Apr 30, 2009 #5
 doin this question now myself, honestly doesnt make much sense to me to have an electrice field equal to zero unless we added another charge partical to cancel out.
 7. Apr 30, 2009 #6
 User Avatar
 Science Advisor
 Gold Member
 There isn't any reason why you would need a third charge here. The electric field scales as 1/r^2. Ignoring the spatial relationship between the two charges, you only need to find two distances such that the field from charge one is equal and opposite to the field of charge two. Keeping in mind that the E field is a vector, it's not hard to arrange the two charges arbitrarily to have a point of null field.
 Now with this problem, the two charges are fixed in relation to eachother. So the first thing is to setup up an equation for the total field using a single vector to represent the distance instead of two. FrogPad shows one such way to do this. Now, you could have a situation where you can't have any nulls, but I think we can assume that it will not be the case. Don't forget that the electric field is a vector, not just a scalar.
 8. Apr 30, 2009 #7
 been trying to use
 k2.5x10^-6/X^2 = k6x10^-6/(X+1)^2
 but not getting the answer the book gives :( seriously these electrical charges and things just aint making sense to me!


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As the world's population continues to grow, so does the energy demand. Unfortunately, this growth also leads to an increase in emissions from energy production. Fortunately, Vflit is working hard to mitigate these emissions. One way Vflit is reducing emissions is by investing in wind and solar power. These renewable sources of energy don't produce harmful emissions, so they're a great way to reduce the environmental impact of energy production. Vflit is also using more efficient technologies to produce electricity, which helps reduce emissions as well. Finally, Vflit is promoting energy conservation. By encouraging people to use less energy or as per needs, we can reduce the number of emissions we produce. All of these steps are helping Vflit reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 30 per cent since 2019.
Vflit has been a part of the various communities across the United States for over 25 years. In that time, We have learned a lot about what it takes to be a responsible and sustainable utility provider. Vflit is always looking for ways to mitigate emissions, and we had some success implementing new technologies and strategies. All of these initiatives are important steps in Vflit's goal of being a leader in sustainability and reducing our environmental impact.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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The Monterey Cypress is one of the most beautiful and desired trees on the planet, and it grew up right in our backyard.
by Neil Khosla
Sep. 1, 2015—The Monterey Cypress looks like it's fresh out of a Dr. Seuss book. It has a lopsided profile and a windswept mat of evergreen leaves resting atop a twisted trunk. With a closer look, the cypress blooms into a beautiful coniferous giant. Its branches radiate in all directions, forming a broad umbrella that protects everything below.
Its native range is confined to the Monterey Bay Area. This native habitat is where it grows naturally, without help from people.
The only natural Monterey Cypress forests are in Point Lobos State Reserve and in the Del Monte Forest. But because of its beauty and ability to protect homes and crops from intense winds, the Monterey Cypress is planted around the world. Individual cypress trees can be found scattered all over the San Francisco Bay Area. It even thrives in Europe, Africa, and Australia.
The Monterey Cypress (or for aspiring taxonomists: Hesperocyparis macrocarp) belongs to a large family of trees called Cupressaceae. This family has a lot of well-known members, including the Coast Redwood, Giant Sequoia, and Italian Cypress.
Like their relatives, Monterey Cypresses reach extreme heights, widths, and ages. With heights reaching 130 feet, and trunks over six feet wide, these conifers are giant beacons along California's coast. Their tremendous presence is quite lasting. The oldest living Monterey Cypresses are over 250 years old, and stand alongside the sea on 17-mile drive.
Though the California coast is a hotspot for plant diversity, it is impossible for most plants to survive the salty conditions near the sea. When seabreezes spray over the shores, salt sucks all of the water out of the plants. For this reason, there are very few large plants standing along the sandy cliffs of Highway 1 – except for the Monterey Cypress.
This tree is a part of an elite group of salt-tolerant plants called halophytes. A halophyte (or "salt-plant") finds ways to divert salt away from sensitive areas. To avoid shriveling up, halophytes do not allow salt to reach their leaves. Instead, they stop it at the root of the problem: the roots. When salt is excluded from the roots of the tree, it is unable to travel up to the moist leaves. Halophytes are not common plants, and constitute only 2% of all known plant species.
A Pressing Issue
But the Monterey Cypress does not have a clever solution for avoiding dehydration by drought. California's drought is drying up more than just reservoirs. Coastal fog is rapidly disappearing into thin air. This spells disaster for the native Monterey Cypresses.
Fog is basically a floating mass of extremely tiny water particles. It sifts through coastal flora, leaving behind droplets of water that plants use to stay hydrated. In drought conditions, fog levels drop drastically. This is detrimental for coastal plants like redwoods and cypresses that depend on the fog. As the fog rolls out of the bay, the cypress trees dry up – and dry trees are fire magnets.
The International Union for Conservation of Nature lists the Monterey Cypress as "threatened". Because of all the tourist and camping activity along the coast, the threat of fire in local forests is extremely high. Small campfires can grow into rampant blazes that decimate entire forests. Since there are only two remaining native forests of Monterey Cypresses, one big fire could push the species to the brink of extinction.
Not So Fun(gi)
Dehydration pales in comparison to the tree's medical history. The Monterey Cypress was discovered to be patient zero for a disease that attacks many species of cypress trees around the world. This affliction is called cypress canker disease, and is caused by a lethal fungus called Seiridium.
Cypress canker disease is not a threat to native Monterey Cypress trees. It only affects cypress trees outside of the Monterey Bay. The disease is believed to have begun in the 1920's, when Monterey natives were first transplanted in California's Central Valley and in Europe.
Away from their natural home, the trees lost some of their defense mechanisms and became vulnerable to attack. Then, the Seiridium fungus latched on and infected the cypress. The poisonous fungus girdles, (or constricts) the tree's branches, preventing the tree from transporting essential nutrients to its leaves and trunk. Then, the diseased cypress tree suffocates to death.
Although this disease started with our local cypress, it has since jumped to several other species worldwide. Treacherous Seiridium spores detach from infected trees, fly through the air, and latch onto other nearby cypresses. Treatment for the cypress canker disease is limited and often not very fruitful, making this disease that much more deadly.
Local Monterey Cypresses
Despite the diseases abroad, local Monterey Cypress forests are thriving. In fact, they're bursting at the seams with the iconic Monterey Bay trees. The beautiful evergreen conifers are the center of many artists' attention, especially one famous tree in particular.
Check out the only natural Monterey Cypress forests on the planet. Remember: they are a threatened species and are extremely rare in the wild, so hold back on the campfires when near these unique cypresses:
Make like a cypress tree and get out there!

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Altered Carbon
Students | Nikhil Sanghvi, Donghan Kang
Faculty | Ferda Kolatan, Emilija Landsbergis
School of Architecture, Graduate Architecture and Urban Design
Fossil fuels vehicles have brought the planet on the brink of collapse. Our project, Altered Carbon, is set in a speculative future scenario where fossil fuel vehicles have been replaced by autonomous electric vehicles. The project reimagines public spaces and explores the possibility of reducing the amount of carbon in the environment by employing carbon sequestration, a technique used to extract carbon from the atmosphere, to develop glossy monolithic landscapes.
Ever changing carbon garden
An ecosystem of machines which together perform a 'ballet' where some of the machines form, carve and sculpt the carbon deposits in the garden, while the autonomous vehicles zip by the streets. Humans, though mostly tangential, can experience this ever changing and dynamic landscape, where chronological elements and technologies are co-present.
A chunk view of the carbon garden
The project experimented with material and texture studies to create textures mimicking carbon rocks and to develop geometrical surfaces for the gardens. The project also looked at the potentials and limitations of the machinic technology carving the carbon rocks and overlaid them on the textures obtained through material studies.
A chunk view of the Hall street, reimagining the public spaces as carbon landscapes.
Textures obtained through material studies overlaid on the surface geometry for the garden.
The potentials and constraints of sculpting machines overlaid on the carbon geometry.
The everchanging carbon garden two.
A pictorial representation of a machine sculpting the carbon surface.


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The 'Rainbow' is a variegated Perle Von Nürnberg. The plant is characterized by the rosette-like green/yellow leaves along with a pink center depending on the amount of light the plant is exposed to.
These specimens are approximately 3 to 4 inches wide.
Plants are living things and will vary in color and shape.
ALL RARE PLANTS ARE FINAL SALE.
These guys enjoy plenty of indirect sunlight. Water these babies DEEPLY and INFREQUENTLY. Water more frequently in warmer seasons. Planting this plant in porous soil or in a cactus/succulent mix is recommended for healthy growth.
U.S. SHIPPING ONLY. Shipping days are Thursday, Friday, and Saturday. All plants will be shipped BARE ROOT, meaning, no pot and no soil.


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About Groundwater Velocity Calculator (Formula)
A Groundwater Velocity Calculator is a scientific tool used in hydrogeology and environmental science to estimate the speed at which groundwater moves through an aquifer or underground reservoir. Understanding groundwater velocity is essential for managing and protecting groundwater resources, assessing contamination transport, and designing effective remediation strategies. The velocity of groundwater is influenced by various factors, including hydraulic conductivity, gradient, and porosity of the aquifer. The formula for calculating groundwater velocity is based on Darcy's law, a fundamental principle in hydrogeology.
Darcy's law relates the velocity of groundwater (V) to hydraulic conductivity (K), the hydraulic gradient (I), and the effective porosity (n) of the aquifer. The formula for groundwater velocity can be expressed as:
V = (K × I) / n
- V is the groundwater velocity (typically measured in meters per second or centimeters per day).
- K represents the hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer, which quantifies the ability of the aquifer to transmit water (measured in meters per second or centimeters per second).
- I is the hydraulic gradient, which indicates the change in hydraulic head or pressure over a specific distance (no units).
- n is the effective porosity, representing the volume of void space in the aquifer that is available to store and transmit groundwater.
To use a Groundwater Velocity Calculator effectively, hydrogeologists and environmental scientists input the values of hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic gradient, and effective porosity. The calculator then computes the groundwater velocity, providing insights into the movement of groundwater within the aquifer.
Here's a breakdown of the key components involved in groundwater velocity calculations:
- Hydraulic Conductivity (K): This property characterizes the ability of the aquifer materials to transmit water. Different geologic materials have varying hydraulic conductivities, affecting the speed of groundwater movement.
- Hydraulic Gradient (I): The hydraulic gradient represents the change in groundwater level or pressure over a specific distance. It determines the direction of groundwater flow and its velocity.
- Effective Porosity (n): Porosity refers to the void spaces in the aquifer. Effective porosity represents the portion of these void spaces that can store and transmit water.
Groundwater velocity calculations are crucial for various applications:
- Environmental Remediation: Assessing how quickly contaminants migrate through groundwater and designing effective remediation plans.
- Water Resource Management: Understanding the movement of groundwater in aquifers to ensure sustainable water supply.
- Geotechnical Engineering: Assessing groundwater flow for engineering projects involving foundations, tunnels, and excavations.
- Aquifer Characterization: Determining aquifer properties and flow dynamics to better manage water resources.
- Land Use Planning: Evaluating the impact of land development on groundwater flow and quality.
In summary, a Groundwater Velocity Calculator is a valuable tool for hydrogeologists, environmental scientists, and engineers working with groundwater systems. It provides critical insights into the speed at which groundwater moves through aquifers, aiding in resource management, environmental protection, and engineering design.


PeerApplicationCollection Methods
The PeerApplicationCollection type exposes the following members.
 Name Description
Public method Add Adds an object to the end of the Collection<T>. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Public method Clear Removes all elements from the Collection<T>. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Protected method ClearItems Removes all elements from the Collection<T>. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Public method Contains Determines whether an element is in the Collection<T>. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Public method CopyTo Copies the entire Collection<T> to a compatible one-dimensional Array, starting at the specified index of the target array. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Public method Equals(Object) Determines whether the specified object is equal to the current object. (Inherited from Object.)
Protected method Finalize Allows an object to try to free resources and perform other cleanup operations before it is reclaimed by garbage collection. (Inherited from Object.)
Public method GetEnumerator Returns an enumerator that iterates through the Collection<T>. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Public method GetHashCode Serves as the default hash function. (Inherited from Object.)
Public method GetType Gets the Type of the current instance. (Inherited from Object.)
Public method IndexOf Searches for the specified object and returns the zero-based index of the first occurrence within the entire Collection<T>. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Public method Insert Inserts an element into the Collection<T> at the specified index. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Protected method InsertItem Inserts a new PeerApplication element into the PeerApplicationCollection at the specified index or key. (Overrides Collection<T>.InsertItem(Int32, T).)
Protected method MemberwiseClone Creates a shallow copy of the current Object. (Inherited from Object.)
Public method Remove Removes the first occurrence of a specific object from the Collection<T>. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Public method RemoveAt Removes the element at the specified index of the Collection<T>. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Protected method RemoveItem Removes the element at the specified index of the Collection<T>. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Protected method SetItem Replaces the PeerApplication at the specified index. (Overrides Collection<T>.SetItem(Int32, T).)
Public method ToString Returns a String representing the current value of each PeerApplication object, separated by commas. (Overrides Object.ToString().)
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 Name Description
Explicit interface implemetation Private method ICollection.CopyTo Copies the elements of the ICollection to an Array, starting at a particular Array index. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Explicit interface implemetation Private method IEnumerable.GetEnumerator Returns an enumerator that iterates through a collection. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Explicit interface implemetation Private method IList.Add Adds an item to the IList. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Explicit interface implemetation Private method IList.Contains Determines whether the IList contains a specific value. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Explicit interface implemetation Private method IList.IndexOf Determines the index of a specific item in the IList. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Explicit interface implemetation Private method IList.Insert Inserts an item into the IList at the specified index. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
Explicit interface implemetation Private method IList.Remove Removes the first occurrence of a specific object from the IList. (Inherited from Collection<T>.)
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Three-dimensional (3-D) architectures can provide significant advantages as lithium ion microbattery electrodes by lengthening the vertical dimension. In addition, the nanoscale hierarchy and hollow properties are important factors for enhancing the performance. Here, we prepared a 3-D nickel sulfide nanoarchitecture via a facile low-temperature solution route. A Kirkendall effect-driven sulfidation of a 3-D nickel electrode was used to produce a hollow 3-D structure. Moreover, a nanoscale hierarchy can be formed with the use of highly concentrated sulfur species. The morphology, structure, and chemical composition of the 3-D nickel sulfide electrode are characterized in detail, and the formation mechanism is discussed based on a time-resolved study. The 3-D nickel sulfide electrodes show an outstanding areal capacity (1.5 mA h cm-2 at a current rate of 0.5 mA cm-2), making this electrode a potential electrode for 3-D lithium ion microbatteries with a large energy density. Moreover, this strategy is expected to provide a general fabrication method for transition metal sulfide nanoarchitectures.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Materials Science(all)


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Electrical Engineering and Automation (ISSN: 2326-8778)
IF(Impact Factor)2021 Evaluation Pending
DescriptionElectrical Engineering and Automation (Quarterly) is an international comprehensive professional academic journal of Ivy Publisher, concerning the development of electrical theory and automation on the combination of electrical theory and modern industrial technology. The main focus of the journal is the academic papers and comments of latest power electronics theoretical and technical research improvement in the fields of nature science, engineering technology, economy and science, report of latest research result, aiming at providing a good communication platform to transfer, share and discuss the theoretical and technical development of electrical theory development for professionals, scholars and researchers in this field, reflecting the academic front level, promote academic change and foster the rapid expansion of electrical theory and automation application technology.
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What did GE's analytics software find?
In January, GE's Mine Performance solution detected a difference in flow measurement and set point on the loop for water flow to the mill sump. The set point fluctuated between 0 and 2000 m3/h, yet the process variable remained at 500 m3/h regardless of the control signal to the valve. GE's Industrial Performance & Reliability Center (IPRC) reported the issue to the customer for discussion on the weekly call.
What was the underlying cause?
Upon investigation, the customer learned that the magnetic coupling of the control valve was degraded.
What was the value to the customer?
Due to the early notification by the IPRC, the customer was able to resolve the issue before a lost opportunity event occurred. Loss of level control in the sump can lead to overflows and the spillage of raw material. The sump water also controls the density of the material, which directly controls the energy consumption and efficiency of the process.
1) The process variable does not follow the set point as it is changed over time prior to valve maintenance but closely follows the setpoint post-maintenance. 2) Control loop performance clearly improves to the target limit after the valve is repaired.


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Nine organisations from five countries, namely, Greece, Turkey, Malta, Spain and Ireland formulated the project idea and established the SeaofSkills Consortium.
Four principles guided the formation of the Partnership:
The principles were specified through the following axes:
- Expertise on the identified cognitive areas covering the fisheries and the vocational education and training sectors.
- Track record on implementing activities through which scientific knowledge is applied in practice and positively impact stakeholders.
- Technical know-how in undertaking activities required for the implementation of the project.
- Experience and quality of work in conducting EU funded and/or nationally funded projects.
- Identified skills and competences in European Qualifications Framework (EQF) terms.
- Geographical coverage by creating a virtual arrow of co-operation starting from Turkey and Greece, going through Malta, Spain and Ireland, where systems are different but with the same interests, those of social wellbeing and prosperity, as well as development and economic growth.
- The level of closeness to the identified target groups, which facilitates the mapping of their needs, while assuring their engagement and subsequently the sustainability of the project's outcomes.
- Vision of contributing beyond the scope of the project towards bringing sustainable impact to relevant stakeholders and community at local, national, regional and European level.


Research Programs
Mineral System Sciences
CSIRO is a world leader in developing new techniques and insights to help find targets buried under sediments, beneath Australia's ancient blanket of deeply weathered rock and even under the ocean.
Mining Science and Engineering
CSIRO's pioneering research into mine design, equipment and procedures is improving safety, reducing costs and improving efficiency. We aim to ensure that the mining industry is both sustainable, and environmentally responsible.
Petroleum Engineering
CSIRO is providing technologies to help improve Australia's oil and gas self-sufficiency as well as develop sustainable energy resources for the future.
Petroleum Geosciences
The oil and gas industry is at the cusp of significant changes with tightening supply necessitating significant technological innovation from CSIRO geoscientists.
Making a Difference
Science into Society
The Science into Society Group applies social science expertise to understand human response to nationally-identified challenges, connecting stakeholders with the knowledge emerging from the latest scientific research. The Group has expertise across a broad range of social and natural sciences, and specialises in interdisciplinary research at the interface between science and society.
Manufacturing, Materials and Minerals
The Manufacturing, Materials and Minerals Group contains the core of CSIRO's research in the materials, manufacturing, minerals, mining, biomedical and biotechnology sectors.


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Delta transformer current. In a delta transformer, the line current doesn't equal the phase current (as it does in a wye transformer). Because each line from a delta configured transformer is connected to two transformer phases, the line current from a 3-phase load will be greater than the phase current by the square root of 3. This diagram. Grounding a 30KVA isloation transformer. Ask Question. It sounds like you have a Delta/Wye Isolation transformer even though the utility feed is Y (meaning you should have a neutral). 75kva three phase 208v delta to three phase 208v y transformer wiring/results? 3. Simulate isolation transformer in LTspice-1.. For three-phase equipment that requires a neutral wire connection, the three-phase power must be converted from a delta configuration to a wye configuration. This is accomplished with a 240 V delta to 120/208V wye isolation transformer..
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An open source (FreeBSD license) screen space reflections implementation for Unity3D 5. Features GPU DDA for screen space ray casting (derived from Morgan McGuire & Mike Mara's work), backface depth buffer for per-pixel geometry thickness, distance attenuated pixel stride, rough/smooth surface reflection blurring, fully customizable for quality/speed and more.
Read more on implementation:
Add the SSR component to a Camera, see properties section below for details. Requires deferred rendering path and a scene made up of Standard Shader materials.
Currently tested and optimized for OSX & Windows. Physically correct handling of specular is faked for now.
Each of the 3 main passes can be optionally downsampled to trade quality for performance.
 - Backface Depth: The backface depth pass is used to calculate the 'thickness' of the current pixel by subtracting the frontface depth value. The frontface depth texture is always full resolution so downsampling the backface depth pass tends to only cause artifacts on object edges. Depending on scene depth range this can potentially be pushed pretty high with little affect on quality.
 - SSR: Downsampling the SSR ray cast pass drastically reduces the number of rays but obviously results in lower resolution reflections. For scenes with high roughness/low specularity this may be acceptable.
 - Blur: Downsampling the blur pass will increase the likelihood of halo artifacts but can be used to increase performance if needed.
For every pixel in the SSR pass a ray is cast. For every step of a ray the frontface and backface depth textures are sampled and ray intersection tests performed. This is the most demanding pass of the shader and so minimizing the number of steps per ray will have the biggest positive impact on performance. Depending on the scene it is possible to get acceptable results with a surprisingly small number of steps (less than 10 steps in some cases).
 - Iterations: The maximum allowed steps per ray. As this is a screen space ray cast, iterations can be thought of in pixels (iterations x pixel stride = maximum distance a ray can travel in pixels). Thus downsampling the SSR pass reduces the number of iterations required for a ray to travel the same distance in world space.
 - Binary Search Iterations: The number of iterations of binary search refinement to conduct on the final step of a ray cast. If pixel stride is set to 1 this is ignored. For higher pixel strides this can generally be set to around 1-5 with good results.
 - Pixel Stride: The number of pixels to jump each step of a ray cast. Higher values will result in less accurate reflections but allow rays to travel further for less iterations.
 - Pixel Stride Z Cuttoff: Pixel stride is attenuated based on surface distance from camera. This value is the distance from the camera at which point pixel stride becomes 1. For scenes with wide depth range (such as long shots of terrain) this allows for a large pixel stride to be used without affecting distant reflections.
 - Pixel Z Size Offset: This value is added to the calculated pixel "thickness" and can help mitigate artifacts caused by thin geometry or a downsampled backface depth pass. Generally this should be set to a low 0-1 range but depending on scene/settings may need to be set higher.
 - Max Ray Distance: The maximum distance a ray can travel in world space.
Reflection Fading:
Since SSR is a screen space effect, we rely on depth and normal passes for geometry information. This means that any geometry not rendered to the screen can not be reflected. To minimize the obviousness of this deficiency we can detect and smoothly fade these reflections.
 - Screen Edge Fade Start: A value between 0-1 that controls when reflections who's rays reach the screen edges will start to fade. 0 = center of screen, 1 = edge of screen. Values closer to 1 will result in a more abrupt fade, values closer to 0 will result in smoother fading. Generally 0.75 is a good value.
 - Eye Fade Start: The ray direction's Z value where reflections begin to fade. Reflections will be smoothly faded between this and the Z value set for Eye Fade End.
 - Eye Fade End: The ray direction's Z value where reflections are completely transparent.
Generally speaking, in PBR roughness/smoothness controls how sharp reflections appear. This is faked in the kode80SSR shader by using the roughness channel of the GBuffer to control the per-pixel radius of a bilateral blur pass.
 - Max Blur Radius: This value is the maximum radius allowed by the blur pass and is multiplied by the per-pixel roughness value from the Unity GBuffer. Setting this to 0 means reflection blurring is disabled regardless of roughness values.
 - Blur Quality: This value define the quality of the reflection blur. It depend from Max Blur Radius value.
An open source screen space reflections implementation for Unity3D 5.
No releases published
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Image-based navigation improves the positioning of the humeral component in total elbow arthroplasty
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HYPOTHESIS: Implant alignment in total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) is a challenging and error-prone process using conventional techniques. Identification of the flexion-extension (FE) axis is further complicated for situations of bone loss. This study evaluated the accuracy of humeral component alignment in TEA. We hypothesized that an image-based navigation system would improve humeral component positioning, with navigational errors less than or approaching 2.0 mm and 2.0 degrees. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Implantation of a modified commercial TEA humeral component was performed with and without navigation on 11 cadaveric distal humeri. Navigated alignment was based on positioning the humeral component with the aid of a computed tomography (CT)-based preoperative plan registered to landmarks on the distal humerus. Alignment was performed under 2 scenarios of bone quality: (1) an intact distal humerus, and (2) a distal humerus without articular landmarks. RESULTS: Navigation significantly improved implant alignment accuracy (P <.001). Navigated implant alignment was 1.2 +/- 0.3 mm in translation and 1.3 degrees +/- 0.3 degrees in rotation for the intact scenario. For the bone loss scenario, navigated alignment error was 1.1 +/- 0.5 mm and 2.0 degrees +/- 1.3 degrees. Non-navigated alignment was 3.1 +/- 1.3 mm and 5.0 degrees +/- 3.8 degrees for the intact scenario and 3.0 +/- 1.6 mm and 12.2 degrees +/- 3.3 degrees for the bone loss scenario. DISCUSSION: Image-based navigation improves the accuracy and reproducibility of humeral component placement in TEA. Implant alignment errors for the navigated alignments were below the target of 2.0 degrees and 2 mm that is considered standard for most navigation systems. Non-navigated implant alignment error was significantly greater for the bone loss scenario compared with the intact scenario. CONCLUSIONS: Implant malalignment may increase the likelihood of early implant wear, instability, and loosening. Improved implant positioning will likely lead to fewer complications and greater prosthesis longevity.
has subject area


Main Content
Update or Modify Network License Files
About Network Licenses
Network licenses contain the encrypted passcodes for each product that your organization is licensed to install and run.
In general, you do not need to modify the network license file on the server or on the client computers. However, in some situations, you must edit the license file:
Inside the Network License File
The network license file is a specially formatted ASCII text file that contains encrypted product passcodes for each product you are licensed to run. Each product passcode identifies the number of keys available for that product. The network license manager grants or denies access to a product depending on the availability of the license keys associated with each product.
 - Each INCREMENT line identifies a product, the number of keys available for the product, and other information. (The INCREMENT lines in your license file might not include every element shown in the example.)
 - The backslash (\) character indicates that the line continues onto the next line.
 - The lines that begin with a pound sign (#) are comments. The MathWorks® installer uses the information in these comment lines such as license server host ID or Internet address when it processes the license file during installation.
# BEGIN---------------BEGIN---------------BEGIN
# MATLAB license passcode file.
# LicenseNo: 123456 HostID: 6C4B905F446E
#
# R2021b
#
INCREMENT MATLAB MLM 46 30-jan-2025 13 FDC7243F4976 \
 VENDOR_STRING=vi=0:at=200:ae=1:lu=300:lo=CN:ei=_PHONE_:lr=1:2p=0: \
 DUP_GROUP=UH asset_info=123456 ISSUED=21-Nov-2021 BORROW=720 \
 NOTICE=product=MATLAB SN=123456 SIGN="00C8 0547 EFDF 50D7 B9CE \
 4C9D 3348 561B E9E3 6CCA 7986 C2F6 38C8 794F EE84"
INCREMENT SIMULINK MLM 46 30-jan-2025 1 7DE4D05FF067 \
 VENDOR_STRING=vi=0:at=200:ae=1:lu=300:lo=CN:ei=_PHONE_:lr=1:2p=0: \
 DUP_GROUP=UH asset_info=123456 ISSUED=21-Nov-2021 BORROW=720 \
 NOTICE=product=SIMULINK SN=123456 SIGN="00BE C534 0A32 1821 \
 AFCE D040 2085 3E00 9005 4983 7EFB 875F E4A7 FEE6 9548"
License Processing During MATLAB Installation
When you install MATLAB® software, the installer processes the network license file:
On the server, the installer:
 - Makes a copy of the network license file named license.dat, and puts this copy in the /etc folder of the MATLAB installation folder.
 - Adds a SERVER line and a DAEMON line to the file. The SERVER line identifies the server host and port number. The DAEMON line identifies the name of the network license manager daemon.
 - Stores the processed license file in matlabroot/etc, where matlabroot is the MATLAB installation folder.
 - For Network Named User licenses, when the installer creates an options file during installation, it also adds the Options= syntax to the DAEMON line in your license file. This syntax specifies the path name of the options file.
 For example, if your server is named thunderball and its IP address is 144.212.111.103, the SERVER and DAEMON lines in your license file would look like this:
 SERVER thunderball INTERNET=144.212.111.103 27000
 DAEMON MLM "C:\Program Files\MATLAB\R2022b\etc\win64\MLM.exe" \
 options="C:\Program Files\MATLAB\R2022b\etc\mlm.opt"

On the client computer, the installer:
 - Creates a copy of the license file you specify named network.lic, and puts the file in the \licenses folder in the MATLAB client installation folder.
 - Deletes all the INCREMENT lines and the DAEMON line in the license file, leaving the SERVER line. It also adds the statement USE_SERVER to the file. This line points the client to the network license file on the server, which contains all the passcodes for the products.
MATLAB License Search Path
MATLAB reads the license file at startup to check for product licensing. MATLAB searches for the license file in the following locations, in the specified order:
 1. The license file specified on MATLAB startup command line using the -c option. The -c option overrides the entire search order and uses only what was specified on the command line. This is the only path MATLAB searches.
 2. Environment variables MLM_LICENSE_FILE and LM_LICENSE_FILE.
 3. The profile folder of the person starting the program
 4. The \licenses folder in the MATLAB installation for files named license.dat or any file with the extension .lic.
After it finds a MathWorks license file, MATLAB stops searching.
Set MATLAB License Search Path
By default, MATLAB installs the license file on the client computer in the \licenses folder in the MATLAB client installation folder. However, you can override that location in one of either of the following ways:
 - Specify the path to the license file on the command line during MATLAB startup using the -c option.
 The -c option overrides the entire search order, including environment variables, and uses only what was specified on the command line. This is the only path MATLAB searches.
 You can specify a list of paths to search. When using the -c option, keep in mind the following:
 - If the path to your license file contains a space, enclose the path name in quotation marks.
 - If you are specifying more than one license file, make sure to enclose the entire list of license files in quotation marks.
 - Set environment variables.
 - MLM_LICENSE_FILE — Specifies the location of the license file, but only for MathWorks products. (Recommended, because it affects only MathWorks products.) MATLAB searches for this environment variable first.
 - LM_LICENSE_FILE — Specifies the location of the license file for all applications using the network license manager on this server. It is not recommended that you use this environment variable, as if affects all Flex-enabled products.
You can use one option or the other, but not both.
Update Network License
When you receive a new license from MathWorks because the products or seat counts have changed, plan to update the license file on the network server at a time when users are least likely to be accessing a MATLAB license. This procedure requires you to stop and start the network license manager (do not perform a re-read as it can interfere with certain licenses).
This procedure assumes you are not updating the license manager software at this time. If you are, also see Update Network License Manager Software.
Note
Do not follow this procedure to upgrade to a new release of MATLAB. To upgrade to a later release, see Get New MATLAB Release.
You must be a license administrator to perform a license file update.
To update the license file on the server:
 1. Go to the License Center on the MathWorks website and sign in to your account.
 2. Select the licenses you want to update.
 3. Click Install and Activate.
 4. Get the license file for the server you are updating.
 5. Stop the network license manager.
 6. Open both the existing license on the server and the new license in an editor. You are going to copy most of the new license into the old license with these instructions:
 1. In the existing license, delete all content except the SERVER and DAEMON lines at the top of the file.
 2. In the new license, copy all content starting from below the SERVER and DAEMON lines to the end.
 3. Paste the copied content into the existing license below the SERVER and DAEMON lines.
 4. Save the existing license. You can store the new license as a backup, remembering that the SERVER and DAEMON lines must be replaced with those specific to your organization.
 7. If you have an options file, depending on how it is configured, you may have to update it. If you do not have an options file, skip this step.
 8. Start the network license manager.
You can perform a status inquiry to confirm that the license file has been updated. The following support article contains instructions for performing a status inquiry: "Monitor the Usage of Licenses or Keys".
Related Topics
External Websites


How Lactoferrin and Secretory IgA Concentrations Vary in Raw Breast Milk Between Mothers
Lactoferrin (LF) is the most abundant glycoprotein in breast milk with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.1,2 Secretory IgA (SIgA) has also been identified as the most abundant and relevant breast milk antibody that can neutralize (bind and eliminate) bacterial and viral pathogens in the neonatal gastrointestinal tract.3,4 Ingestion of breast milk LF and SIgA help to protect the infants against microbial infections until their immature immune systems are completely developed at 2 years of postnatal age.5,6
The aim of this study was to determine the range of lactoferrin and SIgA concentrations between breast milk samples from a large population of mothers.
Breast milk samples (n = 180) were collected from 90 mothers between 2 and 13 months of lactation, living in the USA. SIgA and LF concentrations were determined by ELISAs.
LF and SIgA concentration varied widely in breast milk samples between mothers (Figure 1), which could be due to different maternal background (vaccinations, previous infections, and health conditions), nutritional and environmental factors, genetic factors, gut microbiota, and other factors influencing the immune systems.
The differences between the highest and the lowest concentrations of LF and SIgA in breast milk samples were 41.5-fold and 55-fold, respectively (Table 1 and Figure 1). During commercial sterilization (retort) of donor milk, SIgA and lactoferrin concentrations are reduced ~1.5- and 2.3-fold, respectively, compared with raw breast milk.7 The mean LF and SIgA resulting after donor milk is mixed with 50% raw breast milk mean is approximately 0.85 mg/mL and 204 µg/mL, both values are within the median/mean range of raw breast milk (Table 1).
Table 1. Concentration of lactoferrin and secretory IgA (SIgA) in raw breast milk samples (n = 180) from 90 mothers at 2–13 months of lactation and in 50% Medolac donor milk mixed with 50% raw breast milk.
Concentration lactoferrin secretory IgA raw breast milk samples
Figure 1. Concentration of (A) secretory IgA (SIgA) and (B) lactoferrin in breast milk samples (n = 180) collected from 90 mothers at 2–13 months of lactation time living in the USA. Boxplots represent min, max and median.
Concentration secretory IgA lactoferrin breast milk samples
Preterm infants fed raw breast milk mixed with Medolac donor milk ingest volumes of LF and SIgA that are within the median/mean range. However, the dose required of LF and SIgA to induce a significant protective effect against pathogens and their toxins remains unknown. Studies are needed to determine the minimum effective dose in addition to important maternal factors that may influence the concentration of SIgA and LF in raw breast milk.
1. Giansanti, F., Panella, G., Leboffe, L. and Antonini, G. Lactoferrin from Milk: Nutraceutical and Pharmacological Properties. Pharmaceuticals 2016, 9, 61.
2. Telang, S. Lactoferrin: A Critical Player in Neonatal Host Defense. Nutrients 2018, 10.
3. Mantis, N.J.; Rol, N.; Corthésy, B. Secretory IgA's complex roles in immunity and mucosal homeostasis in the gut. Mucosal immunology 2011, 4, 603.
4. Macpherson, A.J.; Hunziker, L.; McCoy, K.; Lamarre, A. IgA responses in the intestinal mucosa against pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms. Microbes Infect. 2001, 3, _PHONE_.
5. Duijts, L.; Jaddoe, V.W.; Hofman, A.; Moll, H.A. Prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding reduces the risk of infectious diseases in infancy. Pediatrics 2010, peds. 2008-3256.
6. Goldman, A.S.; Garza, C.; Nichols, B.L.; Goldblum, R.M. Immunologic factors in human milk during the first year of lactation. J. Pediatr. 1982, 100, 563-567.
7. Meredith-Dennis, L., Xu, G., Goonatilleke, E., Lebrilla, C.B., Underwood, M.A. and Smilowitz, J.T. Composition and variation of macronutrients, immune proteins, and human milk oligosaccharides in human milk from nonprofit and commercial milk banks. Journal of Human Lactation 2017, 34, 120-129.
About the Author
Dr. Veronique Demers-Mathieu is the Senior Research Scientist in the department of Neonatal Immunology and Microbiology at Medolac Laboratories. She did 3-years of postdoctoral training in Neonatal Nutrition under Dr. Dallas at Oregon State University and earned her Ph.D. in Food Microbiology at Laval University. Her expertise focuses on the immune components (including antibodies, immune cells, cytokines, and bioactive proteins) from human milk that protect infants against infectious diseases.


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Listen to Coronavirus Patient Zero
A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO MANAGED INVESTMENTS is an essential reference for those acting as existing responsible entities of managed investments, their advisers and their investors or those considering embarking on a career in funds management. Those involved in such schemes will find this third edition vital to their understanding of how managed investment schemes are formed and how those schemes raise capital, operate, interact with members and ASIC and ultimately wind up. The book explores the licensing requirements and duties of a responsible entity, registration and fundraising, compliance systems and disclosure obligations, and the types of arrangements regulated by the Corporations Act. In doing so, the text comments on the legislation, ASIC regulatory guides, class orders, practice notes and the case law that govern managed investment schemes in Australia. Further features of this new edition include a new chapter concerning member meetings, assistance in tackling problems that may arise in relation to managed investment schemes, practical suggestions on dealing with ASIC and discussion of future developments in this evolving area of the law.
This is a "MUST READ" book for ALL Gold and Silver Investors who do not know what the best types and forms of gold and silver are to purchase. If you are somewhat new to buying precious metals it's easy to become overwhelmed and confused. After all, there are hundreds of different types of metals out there. They come in all kinds of different shapes, sizes, weights, purity, packaging, etc. It's also really easy to be "sold" something that's not necessarily in your best interest if you don't know in advance what types of metals are best for YOU. That's exactly what this book does. It clearly lays out all of the options and helps you work through the though-process of deciding what types of metals suit your needs best. I've been investing in precious metals for over 30 years. If you're not an experience metals investor, it can be very confusing trying to decide what types of metals to buy. Not knowing the best types of metals to buy and why, can prove to be very costly. This book covers everything you need to know from A to Z. It's also very easy to understand and user-friendly. This book gets right to the point. We don't waste your time with theory and never ending stories. We tell you exactly what the best types and forms of metals are for investing. You'll feel like an expert after reading this book! Here are just some of the things you will learn in this book: *Fine tuning your goals & deciding what metals are best for your situation and your needs *Proper asset allocation *Is it better to buy gold or silver? *Best types of coins to buy *Are rounds better than government coins? *Best types of bars to buy *Should you buy generic bars or name brand bars? *Numismatic collectible coins, should you buy them, the real story *Junk silver, is it right for you? *The single best and easiest way to track your metals *The precious metals investment pyramid *Best places to buy and sell your metals *Best metals for IRAs and 401Ks *Best types of IRAs and 401Ks for physical precious metals *How to dollar cost average your purchases *When and how to sell your metals & cash in on your profits *Best secrets to storing your metals to keep you off the radar and safe At the end of the book, you will also gain access to the best place I know of to buy metals at the very best prices. Invest a little time in reading this book and you will be amazed at how empowered you will feel when investing in precious metals. This book will give you the knowledge you need and using this knowledge will make you a smarter investor. Buy this book now. It will SAVE you a ton of money. Not buying this book can cost you a ton of money. Don't wait another second. Scroll up and click on the "Buy Now" button and get started on your personal gold and silver investment plan right now. It's simply too important to wait.
The old lawyer caressed his smoothly shaven chin and gazed out at Joyce Lavillotte from under his shaggy eyebrows, as from the port-holes of a castle, impressing her as being quite as inscrutable of aspect and almost as belligerent. She, flushed and bright-eyed, leaned forward with an appealing air, opposing the resistless vigor of youth to the impassiveness of age.
Presenting a thorough analysis of China's outward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the last quarter of a century - something little explored in the literature - this book explores, the rationale behind its emergence and development. China's outward FDI exhibits unique features in respect of timing, pace and geographical distribution that defy the existing mainstream theories of FDI. China's Offshore Investments uses the framework of a network model of FDI, which is developed by applying economic norms to ideas of networks in business analysis. This network model has been designed specifically by Dexin Yang for the purpose of theorising the changing pattern of FDI in the era of globalisation in general and interpreting China's FDI in particular.
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US Investments Books


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Assistance is a property of instruction. Intuitively, assistance refers to how much help the learner gets from the instruction as they are learning. The term scaffolding is nearly synonymous.
Operationally, assistance is equated with the probability of a good performance during training. For instance, if the training involves solving a multi-step problem, and the experimental instruction causes students to have a higher probability of correctly entering steps than the control instruction, then the experimental instruction has a higher degree of assistance.
Theoretically, one can decide whether one instructional method provides more assistance than another by analysis of whether one gives more information than the other. For instance, a worked example gives more information than the analogous problem because the worked example gives the answer and the steps to solve the problem whereas the problem withholds the answer and steps. In other words, because a problem provides a logical subset of the information provided by a matched worked example, a problem is less assistance than a worked example.
It is important to emphasize that saying students get more instructional assistance from one instructional method than another does not mean students will learn more. Assistance is not equal to learning. Sometimes less assistance is better, for instance, because it may be more engaging or because it may require more deep thought or sense making. This difficult challenge for an instructional designer of deciding when to give more assistance or information versus when to withhold it is the assistance dilemma. That students with higher competence may benefit from lower levels of assistance is the assistance hypothesis.
Different forms or dimensions of instructional assistance can be found here. See also an even broader set of instructional methods and a more narrow set of instructional principles and hypotheses. Macro-level framework

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Why is advocacy and policy change an important part of our work?
Food security is impacted by many different factors. Long-term, holistic, and systemic changes are needed. That's why advocacy and policy change at multiple levels are important strategies and can be found at the core of FoodARC's objectives and work.
Our projects and activities are all oriented towards building capacity for individuals, organizations, and communities in order to be able to influence food security policies:
- by better understanding the policy environment around food security and testing policy change approaches to help guide action;
- by increasing the knowledge and skills of all partners through mutual learning about participatory action research, food security, and strategies for policy change; and
- by working together to share the knowledge and insights gained, to increase awareness of both the issues and possible solutions, build capacity for advocacy, and identify opportunities for change.
FoodARC's Make Food Matter toolkit has pulled together over 10 years of our research and collective experiences into a set of resources to support advocacy and policy change. Visit Make Food Matter to check out the five action streams of the toolkit – community dialogues, policy, advocacy, social innovation and effective communication.


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Large mirrors are typically installed on bathroom walls and in other areas of home such as work out rooms. One problem with these mirrors is they cover up electrical socket receptacles. Instead of covering them up, you can use specialised glass cutting tools to cut out receptacle holes in the mirror. When cutting mirror receptacles, is important to take the proper measurements for the wall outlet so that it aligns precisely with the mirror opening.
Ask one or two assistants to hold the mirror up to the wall in the location where you want to install it. Draw a line around the entire perimeter of the mirror using a pencil. Set the mirror on a flat work surface.
Place a tape measure at one side of the mirror outline on the wall and measure over to the side of the receptacle location. Move the end of the tape measure to the top of the outline and measure down to the top of the receptacle. Write down the exact measurements.
Measure the width and the height of the receptacle box itself. Most standard receptacles are 2 inches wide by 4 inches tall, but non-standard receptacle measurements will vary.
Lay the mirror on a flat work surface and use the tape measure and a dry erase marker to draw the outline of the receptacle box. First measure from the side of the mirror over to the first measurement taken and draw a vertical line. Then measure down from the top of the mirror to the second measurement taken and draw a horizontal line. Finish out the square using the dimensions of the receptacle box.
Put on safety glasses and cut a hole in the centre of the rectangle using a 2-inch diameter tube drill.
Spread 1 tsp of glass cutting oil around the outline of the receptacle on the mirror.
Place a straight edge along one side of the rectangle and hold it down firmly. Place the tip of a glass cutter blade at the end of the line and drag it across the length of the line once using firm pressure. Repeat to cut the remaining three sides of the receptacle.
Turn the mirror over so that back faces upward. Put on work gloves and press your finger firmly along the edge of the scoreline which will be visible.
Turn the mirror back over and position the cutter blade inside the rectangle approximately 1/2 inch from the outer rectangle edge. Move the blade towards the centre of the rectangle until you reach the cutout circle. Repeat to make one cut on each side of the rectangle.
Insert a pair of pliers into the centre of the circle and grasp the edge of the mirror between two of the cuts. Break the mirror downward sharply to remove the mirror section. Repeat to remove the remaining pieces of mirror until you have a clean rectangular receptacle opening.


On behalf of Israel & Gerity, PLLC posted in Medical malpractice on Tuesday, May 1, 2012.
If signed by Governor Jan Brewer, Arizona would join nine other states in banning so called "wrongful birth" and "wrongful life" lawsuits. The bill has passed both houses of the state's legislature and is awaiting a decision by the governor.
In a wrongful birth lawsuit, parents allege that the doctor was negligent in his or her prenatal care by failing to diagnose or detect severe birth defects like Down's syndrome, cystic fibrosis or spina bifida, or failing to inform the parents that a severe birth defect was detected in prenatal testing. Parents often then argue that the pre-birth knowledge of the existence of a severe disability would have led them to abort the child.
Compensation awarded in these lawsuits is used to cover the cost of care these children with severe disabilities will require throughout their lives.
There is only a single exception to the Arizona bill's outright banning of these lawsuits. In cases of "an intentional or grossly negligent act or omission" parents are able to file medical malpractice lawsuits against their doctor.
According to Gary Marchant, an Arizona State University law professor, there have been approximately 100 wrongful birth and wrongful life lawsuits filed throughout the United States; however, this number only reflects the number of cases that have gone before a jury and does not include cases that were settled or dismissed, meaning the actual number is much higher.
Opponents of the move to ban these lawsuits believe that they unfairly insulate physicians from negligent actions and actually lead to more incidents of negligence, according to The Colorado Independent. Further, banning these lawsuits leaves parents without the ability to seek compensation for significant medical mistakes.


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The Western Mediterranean Islands and the Various Uses of Independentism
Abstract : Since they promote separation from national frameworks, independentist parties are easily labelled as anti-system parties. This contribution shows how a study of party dynamics in three Western Mediterranean island jurisdictions (Sardinia, Balearic Islands, and Corsica) leads to a rather different conceptualisation of their nature and influence. Political parties favouring independence are still likely to influence other political parties and the political system as a whole. They do so mainly by adopting various, often ambiguous, accommodative strategies, which relate to their difficulty in attaining and/or maintaining a significant party status and electoral presence. Above all, the independentist parties' influence is highly variable, especially in relation to their closest rivals, and can only be evaluated by taking into consideration external factors, such as state organisation. Thus, one needs to examine the independentist parties' political interactions and influence on policies, and not just their teleological and ideological positioning.
Type de document :
Article dans une revue
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Contributeur : Corinne Idda <>
Soumis le : lundi 3 juin 2013 - 14:29:38
Dernière modification le : jeudi 11 janvier 2018 - 06:23:04
 - HAL Id : hal-00829531, version 1
André Fazi. The Western Mediterranean Islands and the Various Uses of Independentism. Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, Taylor & Francis, 2012, 50 (n° 4), pp. 508-527. ⟨hal-00829531⟩
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If you've recently purchased a new car, you may be wondering about state car tax rates. Although most states require sales tax on all transactions involving vehicles, there are exceptions. Some states allow people to gift vehicles or sell them for a low price without paying sales tax. It is important to understand the differences between car tax rates in different states and make sure you're getting the best deal possible. Here's how to calculate car tax rates.
Car taxes can vary greatly depending on the state, city, and municipality where you live. You may have to pay state and local taxes on your car depending on where you live. Your state DMV should be able to give you details about car tax. Having an understanding of car taxes can make the process easier for you. And with so many different states and localities, it's important to understand what each one is charging you. Listed below are some common car taxes in the United States.
Before you buy a new car, consider the cost of car tax. This tax is generally part of the total price of the car, and varies greatly by state. The federal government also charges taxes on certain types of cars. Many people qualify for lower federal tax rates, and even rebates from the government. You may qualify for a significant rebate or discount by purchasing a hybrid or alternative fuel vehicle. This savings can add up fast, so make sure you check out all of your options before you purchase a new car.
A new hybrid or battery-electric vehicle can save you up to $4,000 on your car tax. These vehicles are considered green cars, as they run on alternative fuels and are often priced well below those in traditional fueled cars. The federal government has put into place incentives to encourage the production of hybrid cars. While the tax rebates aren't as big as they once were, they still are great discounts for people who are looking to buy an alternative fuel vehicle.
When your vehicle needs to be taxed, the DVLA will send you a reminder, which includes information for registering it online. Failure to pay the SORN is punishable by the same law as failing to pay duty on public roads. You should also check your registration status as late registrations will cause your vehicle to be impounded. If you fail to tax your vehicle, the DVLA will send it to a debt collector. The DVLA will prosecute you in court if you don't pay your car tax.
The reformed VED system also includes changes to the way car tax rates are calculated. While the current 11-band system varies between 14% and 36%, the new 20-band system will have rates from 7% to 37 percent. The new rates will make new cars more expensive for consumers, but the government hopes the new system will motivate people to buy eco-friendly vehicles. So, keep an eye out for any changes and stay updated!


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Environmental Protection Plans
Environmental protection planning was the primary mechanism for implementing mitigation measures for all maintenance activities on the Maritime Link system. These practices were determined through the EA process and were required by applicable agencies through the permitting process.
ENL developed Environmental Protection Plan (EPP) minimum requirements that described responsibilities, expectations and methods for environmental protection associated with Maritime Link maintenance activities. These indicate the minimum environmental measures ENL requires from all consultants and contractors working on the Maritime Link, from which they develop an activity-specific contractor EPP for their scope of work. Contractors were responsible for providing all specifics of environmental protection to their scope of work and geographic region and for installing, maintaining and monitoring control measures in place for the length of their contract. ENL will maintain oversight of contractors and consultants to ensure that all aspects of the EPP are implemented as required.


text:
GT600 Greywater treatment system
The Oasis Domestic Greywater Treatment System (GT600) is capable of generating a saving of almost 400 L of drinking water a day for the average four-person household. It takes the greywater generated by baths, showers, laundry and hand basins and treats it to a high quality suitable for garden irrigation, toilet flushing, clothes washing and car washing.
The sleek, compact, above-ground design of the system requires no excavation. Treated greywater is discharged at pH 7.0, a neutral level which doesn't effect soil fertility. The treatment process is chemical free so no chlorine or other chemicals, which contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer, are added to the environment. The recycled water is disinfected to make it safe for human contact and allow its use for irrigation of fruit and vegetable gardens.
An additional benefit of the system is that it decreases the harmful effects of high levels of phosphorus to 3 mg/L.
The greywater is treated in a three-step process. The water is first screened to remove lint, hair and other particles; it then passes through media where contaminants are removed through absorption, biological process and filtration; and it is finally disinfected. The system has a collection water tank, a processor and a treated water tank where the recycled water is stored prior to re-use.
Phone: 0450 313 383
Stormtech Wave Grate anodised aluminium solution
The Stormtech Wave Grate is an anodised aluminium solution designed and manufactured in...
AMS Water Metering Qalcosonic W1 Australian Utility Version
The Qalcosonic W1 Australian Utility Version smart ultrasonic water meter is now fully certified...
Endress+Hauser Memosens laboratory measurement sensors
Endress+Hauser has launched five laboratory sensors compatible with its Liquiline CML18 handheld...


text:
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: _URL_
- Postmodern ethics
- The University of Newcastle. Faculty of Education & Arts, School of Humanities and Social Science
- In Chapter 9 we saw how Jürgen Habermas's ethical theory epitomizes social work's modern ethical tradition, not least his distinction between values, ethics and morals. For Habermas, since all societies and cultures have values, they assume the character of objective facts that are distinguishable from ethics, the socially agreed-upon normative requirements of a particular group or society about what can rightfully be expected from people in that society or group. And ethics are distinguishable from morals, our beliefs about right and wrong. For Habermas morality is personal and Bauman, the major proponent of a postmodern ethics, agrees, but for different reasons.
- Ethics and Value Perspectives in Social Work p. 120-131
- Palgrave Macmillan
- Resource Type
- book chapter


@article {Boggis1995, title = {Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization spectroscopy of the nf molecule - (1,3)phi 3d and 4d rydberg states}, journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics}, volume = {102}, number = {4}, year = {1995}, pages = {1515{\textendash}1527}, doi = {10.1063/1.468884}, url = {_URL_ author = {Boggis, SA and Dyke, JM and Hughes, AN and Keszthelyi, T. and Richter, R. and Tabrizchi, M.} } @article {Dyke1993, title = {Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization spectroscopy of the nf molecule - (1)sigma(+) and (1)delta 3p rydberg states}, journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics}, volume = {99}, number = {9}, year = {1993}, pages = {6360{\textendash}6368}, abstract = {
Two Rydberg states of the NF molecule, the 2 1DELTA and 2 1SIGMA+ states, have been investigated by multiphoton ionization (MPI) spectroscopy. These states are observed via the two-photon resonance enhancements they provide in the multiphoton ionization spectra of NF a 1DELTA and NF b 1SIGMA+. Both states are assigned on the basis of experimental evidence as Rydberg states with the dominant configuration ...1pi(4)5sigma(2)2pi1 (3ppi)1. Ab initio calculations performed at the multireference determinant configuration interaction (MRDCI) level showed that these states were of mixed Rydberg-valence character with the Rydberg character [...1pi(4)5sigma(2)2pi1 (3ppi)1] dominating at short bond lengths (\< 1.35 angstrom) and the valence character (...1pi(3)5sigma(2)2pi3) becoming more important at longer bond lengths (\> 1.35 angstrom). These calculations also proved useful in providing a mechanism to account for the rotational predissociation observed in the experimental spectra.
}, doi = {10.1063/1.465874}, url = {_URL_ author = {Dyke, JM and Keszthelyi, T. and Lee, EPF and Low, RJ and Richter, R.} }


text:
Image Number 10 for United States Patent #_PHONE_.
A database stores map data including road network data and landmark data. A route search unit searches for a route from a departure point to a destination point from the road network data stored in said database. A road pattern analysis unit analyzes a road pattern of the route by referring to the road network data, and obtains road pattern data as the analysis result. A route guidance information generation unit generates route guidance information of the route using the road pattern data and the landmark data along the route. A presentation unit presents the route guidance information.


Ellen Spertus
Google, Mills College
Senior Research Scientist, Professor of Computer Science
Ellen Spertus is a professor of computer science at Mills College and a senior research scientist at Google. She received her bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees in computer science from MIT, where she first developed the interest in gender and computer science that has infused her career. She has done research in compilers, computer architecture, artificial intelligence, online communities, and computer science education, helping create App Inventor for Android and the Code.org "Hour of "Code" tutorial with the goal of increasing the number and diversity of students exposed to computer science. She lives in San Francisco with her husband and daughter.


text:
Horizontal curves are an integral part of the highway alignment. However, a disproportionately high number of severe crashes occur on them. One method transportation agencies use to reduce the number crashes at horizontal curves is the installation of curve warning signs which post an appropriate advisory speed. Appropriate curve advisory speeds can be determined using several methods. Some of these methods are time-consuming to perform and are error-prone. The purpose of this research was to find the most efficient and accurate data collection method for determining curve advisory speeds. Several processes were developed and tested. They were then validated against the results of a manual process referred to as the Direct Method and other traditional methods (such as the ball-bank indicator), which are generally assumed to produce accurate results. Comparing the results of these methods allow researchers evaluate their accuracy and usefulness for setting advisory speeds. The results illustrate the potential of a more user-friendly methodology that allows for efficient and accurate data collection. The advisory speeds determined by this research will assist the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet to properly sign horizontal curves. Previous research suggests that posting appropriate advisory speeds results in a safer driving experience.
Digital Object Identifier
Green, Eric R.; Agent, Kenneth R.; and Lammers, Erin, "Development of an Improved Method for Determining Advisory Speeds on Horizontal Curves" (2016). Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report. 1566.


text:
- Award Details
Hardening for Commercially Available Hand Held Computing and Communications Devices for First Responders
Department of Homeland Security
Agency Tracking Number:
Solicitation Topic Code:
Small Business Information
130 Knowles Drive, Suite A, Los Gatos, CA, 95032-1832
Socially and Economically Disadvantaged:
Name: Michael Browne
Name: Michael Browne
AbstractFirst responders operate in emergency situations that require ruggedized gear that can survive temperature, impact, and moisture. Utilizing the communication devices that first responders already carry on them has many benefits including: always on-scene, reduced cost of distributing equipment, elimination of training requirements, and many others. Ruggedizing commercial hand held computing and communications devices provides the DHS the benefit of state of the art handsets without having to pay for the development of custom hardware. SA Photonics has developed a hardware agnostic approach to ruggedizing commercial off-the-shelf mobile communication devices. Our approach protects devices from impact, moisture, and temperature extremes. The SA Photonics ruggedized enclosure was especially designed to protect the weakest part of a smart phone; the glass touch screen. This protection is provided while still maintaining full functionality of a touch screen, such as pinch and swipe, that first responders are accustom to using in their daily lives. Additional battery life is also provided with an auxiliary battery and solar and inductive charging features. Our design can be modified to fit any smart phone or tablet platform. In a Phase I program, SA Photonics will first perform research with first responder groups to identify the most widely utilized devices and first responders' desired functionality and features. We will then complete the preliminary design of a ruggedized enclosure, provide technical drawings and demonstrate critical subsystem functionality. The SA Photonics ruggedized case will have commercial applications in first responder groups, Fire, Police, S.W.A.T, and military sectors.
* information listed above is at the time of submission.


Replacement Laptop Accessories
Published on by accessories
Friends who wear glasses may feel deep winter from the outside into a warm room, the glasses on top of a layer of water vapor, which is condensed water. The notebook is also a reason, especially for the metal shell of the notebook, the opportunity to produce condensate, and produced such as Samsung Laptop Keyboard more number. In addition to the surface, inside the machine may also be caused by this phenomenon, so you can not underestimate this thin layer of condensed water, this layer of condensed water may be completely hurt the yf976 of the notebook. The condensate can be described as all-pervasive, and exposed to the air are likely to produce condensate, including motherboard, CPU and other important parts of the boot at this time, the consequences can be imagined.
In winter, the condensate is the most easily neglected a laptop killer, many people pay no attention to the details of the use and placement of notebook will have the notebook will cause devastation.
In order not to generate the best way of condensate, the first is not to buy a cotton inner bag for notebook notebook too cold, should be targeted. When the laptop in a cold outdoor environment for a long time, once to enter the warmth and humidity of the room must patiently wait for some time, slowly warming package, including Samsung Laptop Keyboard , do not immediately use the laptop. Such surface will not be instantaneous temperature difference, so it does not produce the condensate. Many of my friends, if there is no cotton package can also enter the room laptop backpack to open a small hole to allow air circulation about slowly warming, as long as it does not produce significant temperature difference there will be no condensation of water.
Ruthless - Improper use of batteries
Careful laptop user like usually when batteries are not like the battery from the machine off to avoid battery recharged affect battery life, but also reduce the notebook component. The author recommends that you'd better not save for your data security to your laptop, the best battery safety back to the notebook, or would the loss of data will be "ruthless". In fact, this approach makes more harm than good. Battery installed on the machine and not so many problems, the battery using lithium-ion batteries, ev12 memory effect is very small, the other inside the battery mostly with a smart chip, this chip can not only control the battery charge to detect Samsung Laptop Keyboard needs to be charged, generally only the power will start charging less than 90% to 95%, so the usual battery on the laptop and not always in a state of charge.
Published on Laptop accessories
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easily configured from the CLI with the following syntax:
# isi quota quotas create <dir> directory –-thresholds-on=applogicalsize
Any legacy quotas created on OneFS versions prior to 8.2 can easily be converted to use application logical size upon upgrade.
For logical space accounting, some inode attributes such as ACLs and symbolic links are included in the resource count. This uses the same data that is displayed in the 'logical size' field by the 'isi get –DD <file>' CLI command.
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Question behaviours
From MoodleDocs
Revision as of 15:51, 5 February 2016 by German Valero (talk | contribs) (Added see also *[ this forum thread] about adding an 'all or nothing' behaviour for adaptive and deferred feedback)
How questions behave
The following question behaviours are available when creating a quiz (also when previewing questions):
Deferred feedback
Students must enter an answer to each question and then submit the entire quiz, before anything is graded or they get any feedback.
Adaptive mode and Adaptive mode (no penalties)
Allows students to have multiple attempts at the question before moving on to the next question. This behaviour requires that the "Whether correct" box is ticked under "During the attempt" in the "Review options" section, at a minimum.
Manual grading
Used for essay questions (irrespective of what the quiz is set to) but you can now choose to have every question in the quiz manually graded, if you wish.
Interactive mode
After submitting one answer, and reading the feedback, the student has to click a 'Try again' button before they can try a new response. They can be given hints to help them. Once the student has got the question right, they can no longer change their response. Once the student has got the question wrong too many times, they are just graded wrong (or partially correct) and get shown the feedback and can no longer change their answer. There can be different feedback after each try the student makes. The number of tries the student gets is the number of hints in the question definition plus one.
Immediate feedback
Similar to interactive mode in that the student can submit their response immediately during the quiz attempt, and get it graded. However, they can only submit one response, they cannot change it later.
Deferred feedback or Immediate feedback with Certainty-based marking (CBM)
With CBM, the student does not only answer the question, but they also indicate how sure they are they got the question right. The grading is adjusted by the choice of certainty, so that students have to reflect honestly on their own level of knowledge in order to get the best mark.
Conditional questions
If using the Interactive with multiple tries or Immediate Feedback behaviour and with the navigation method set to 'Free', it is possible to make the display of a question dependent on a previous question being answered first.
The question editing page will display padlock icons to the right of each question.
Certainty-based marking
When a student answers a question they also have to state how sure they are of the answer: not very (less than 67%); fairly (more than 67%) or very (more than 80%). Their grading is then adjusted according to how certain they are, which means that for example if they answered correctly but were only guessing, their mark is adjusted from 1 to 0.33. If they answered wrongly but were very sure, their mark is adjusted from 0 to -2.
For detailed information on how CBM works and how students can benefit from it, see Using certainty-based marking.
correct answer; very sure
correct answer; fairly sure
correct answer; not very sure
wrong answer; very sure
wrong answer; not very sure
Managing question behaviours
An administrator can manage question behaviours available across the site in Administration > Site administration > Plugins > Question behaviours > Manage question behaviours.
Deferred feedback with explanation
Deferred feedback with explanation is an additional question behaviour, available for Moodle 2.6+, that is just like deferred feedback, but with an additional input box where students can give a reason why they gave the answer they did. No attempt is made to automatically grade the explanation, nor is it required.
 - It may be used in various ways, for example:
 - The teacher may want to manually edit the grades where the student gave a wrong answer, to give partial credit if the student used the right method or approach.
 - The student might want to explain their thinking, so that later, when the results and feedback are revealed, they are reminded of what they were thinking at the time, and so can reflect more deeply.
 - You can use Language customization to change the default text string "Explain your reasons" in the file qbehaviour_deferredfeedbackexplain.php to a more specific text such as "Enter justifications below if you want partial credit in numerical problems by showing your steps, ignore otherwise." as described in
See also


text:
Distinguished Flying Cross
Awarded posthumously for actions during the Vietnam War
(Citation Needed) - SYNOPSIS:
Commander Leonard Frederick Vogt, Jr. (NSN: 0-521938), United States Navy, was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross (Posthumously) for sustained heroism and extraordinary achievement while participating in aerial flight as pilot of an A-6A aircraft from 1 July to 18 September 1965, in developing strike tactics for the A-6A aircraft while operating in the combat environment of Southeast Asia.
General Orders: All Hands (September 1967)
Action Date: July 1 - September 18, 1965


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As we know a many to many association are shown by two asterisks in both end of association. Now I have a association between two entities "Good" and "Invoice" so Good and Invoice have a many to many association but I want to show the "count of each good" in each invoice on class diagram.
How can I show it?
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2 Answers 2
up vote 2 down vote accepted
You can use an association class as depicted e.g. here:
Using a new class and two associations inbetween like user1598390 described is valid as well. It depends how you would like to see the relationship between your entities. UML-wise association classes are probably more concise. Regarding the implementation in a programming language both solutions might even look the same (implemented with an additional link object as most programming languages don't support attributed links or pointers).
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Often times many to many associations indicate the need for a third entity.
You need InvoiceDetail entity.
Anyway "count of each good" should be a method in class Invoice.
public int getCountOfGood(Good good);
there can also be a method that returns a data structure with the count of each distinct Good in the Invoice
public Map getCountOfEachGood();
Good entity is oblivious of Invoice.
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Your Answer


text:
Reverse Logistics (RL) is a full member of a Supply Chain. As such, it must contribute by adding value to the latter. Moreover, firms are now supposed toprove they are citizens socially responsible for their acts and their consequences on the environment. We present in this article a conceptual framework in which RL is a source of competitive advantage. A qualitative
study identifies the corresponding concepts. We offer the basis of aquantitative study on the required means for a RL to create a competitive advantage in a supply chain. Among the recommendations of the article, we can mention top management's involvement, dedicated information systems and collaboration with other links in the chain.
F. Brach, X. Brusset, Revue Française de Gestion Industrielle vol.33(1), pp 33-53, (CNRS4), 2014.
Reverse logistique, supply chain management, étude qualitative


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I noticed that with the new messages' feature, chat messages seem to be archived (or at least those chat messages sent after activating the new platform). How does one tell the difference between one that was sent via chat window (at the bottom) versus the message inbox.
My current way to sort is by emoticons since friends tend to make emoticons more frequently than a message sent from the Inbox.
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1 Answer 1
up vote 2 down vote accepted
It kind of works like in Google Wave. If you're both online then if your friend sends you a message, you get a chat conversation and it is archived in your inbox. Regardless of where the message was composed, if both of you are online on chat then the recipient would receive it in the chatbox and the inbox. If one of you is offline, then it would go straight to the inbox.
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