text:
Ball House and Observatory
This building is associated with the development of astronomy in Canada and with time keeping. It is the first, and may also be the oldest, existent observatory building in Canada.
In 1857, the exact longitude of Quebec City was determined by linking it to the longitude of Harvard based on an exchange of astronomical clock beats using the telegraph network rather than the signals of star transits. At the request of Sir William Edmond Logan of the Geological Survey of Canada the longitudes of Montreal, Toronto and Kingston were determined based on the longitude of Quebec City.
Ball House was the most accurate source of time available to navigators for a number of years. They used the time ball for time keeping from 1852 until at least the 1880s and probably the 1890s. During the navigation season from May 13th to November 29th the time ball was used every day except Sunday. It was raised to the half-way point at 12.45 p.m., was at the top by 12.55 p.m., and was dropped at 1.00 p.m. local time.
The Observatory on the Plains of Abraham
In 1874, the Citadelle's observatory and its instruments were moved to a new building located in Bonner pasture on the Plains of Abraham. The time ball remained at the Citadelle and was converted to run on electricity.
The construction of Ball House and Observatory cost $12,132.45. The main building is 15' high by 15' deep and 24' wide. The ball tower was 44' high. The Observatory was equipped with a 42-inch telescope, a sextant and two astronomical clocks provided by the provincial government of Canada.
In 1974, excavations conducted by Parks Canada revealed a tank constructed of bricks reinforced with metal rods designed to protect the Observatory from lightining.
Building was restored by Public Works Canada in 2007.
Edward David Ashe (England, 1813 – Canada, 1895). Officer of the Royal Navy, astronomer and writer. He arrives in Quebec in 1850 to supervise the construction of observatory and to manage it, bringing with him instruments provided by the Royal Observatory at Greenwich (London). His first duties were to observe star transits and to drop the time ball daily. His solar research marks him as Canada's first astrophysicist and he became one of the pioneers of astronomical photography.
The ancient Observatory and the Ball House. Photo: © ProvinceQuebec.com


text:
Residues of grease and soap, hair, toilet paper and organic waste are often the cause of blockages in sinks, showers and toilets.
DG7 is a viscous gel, highly alkaline and chloroactive, ideal for the preventative maintenance of drains and for the disintegration of organic blockages. It liquefies and eliminates deposits of grease, slime, organic mud, sewage and various kinds of refuse. Thanks to its elevated specific weight the gel sinks quickly and directly to the blockage, even in the presence of stagnant water. It acts directly on the cause of the obstruction, guaranteeing fast and safe results
As a drain unblocker (even in the presence of stagnant water): pour the undiluted product directly down the drain. Leave on for 5-10 minutes. Run plenty of water, preferably hot. In the case of stubborn blockages, repeat the operation. Recommended dosage Sinks and shower drains: 500 ml – Toilets: 500-800 ml – large drains: 1.0 – 2.0 L
To prevent blockages: a weekly dose of 250 ml into the drain to keep tubes clean and functioning and to combat unpleasant odours.
As it is a highly concentrated and powerful product it must be used carefully: do not add to or use with other products. On contact with acids it releases toxic chlorine gas. It quickly attacks aluminium and zinc.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Failsafe
Misc. Article ...by Rudy Hilado
06290002_sm.jpg

Read about the advantages of using a failsafe device in you R/C Boat...

ImageWhat is a boat fail-safe and why is it so important? A boat fail-safe is a device that is designed to prevent your boat from going out of control in the event that you lose radio contact and control.

Murphy's Law will often play a role in model boating--"If anything can go wrong, it will". A fail-safe device is relatively inexpensive insurance when something goes wrong.

There are several types and variations of fail-safe devices that can be used on your boat. The most common fail-safe protects your boat from radio glitches and interference. This type of fail-safe is installed between the radio receiver and the throttle and sometimes the steering servo. When the device senses radio interference or loss of the radio signal, it will automatically actuate the servo to close the throttle, which can stop the engine or bring it to an idle (some will also turn the rudder). Most high-end radios have this feature built into the receiver. If your radio doesn't have this feature, you can purchase a 3rd party radio fail-safe typically between $30-$60.

Although radio interference is probably the most common cause of "glitches", there are other scenarios that can jeopardize the control of your model boat. If power was lost to the receiver (due to batteries or a connector jarring loose), the radio fail-safe would offer no protection. Without power, the fail-safe doesn't function and the servos will remain essentially frozen in place. The most economical solution for this scenario is to use a throttle return spring. This involves mounting a strong spring in a fashion that would force the carburetor closed if the servo lost power. The down side to a throttle return spring include the difficulty of locating mounting areas for the spring, and the fact that the throttle servo will always be fighting against it, increasing the drain on the receiver battery.

There is also another simple solution to this problem. Since we run motors that use spark plugs, there the motor can be easily stopped if the spark coil is grounded. By employing a small electrical relay, the spark plug can be grounded if power is lost to the relay, thus stopping the motor. A slight variation to this problem is when the battery pack is getting low and it is unable to actuate the throttle servo properly. Most of the radio fail safes can sense a low battery condition and stop the boat before the servo stops functioning.

Another problem that can cause you to lose control of your boat is mechanical failure. The linkage between the servo and throttle can be jammed or disconnected. And even though the radio is working fine and receiving power, you'll be unable to control the boat. This is more difficult to protect against since there are many points that can suffer mechanical failure.
A variety of radio fail safes are available, but few are designed specifically for use in model boats (unless they are integrated into the receiver), where water can be an issue.

ImageThere is one fail-safe, produced by Shark-Racing, that is waterproof and it can handle all the failure scenarios described above. Carlos Andrade and his Shark -Racing team are on their 3rd variation of their fail-safe. This device integrates a radio fail-safe, a motor kill switch, a low battery warning indicator and the circuitry to detect a disconnected throttle servo. You can find out more about this wonderful device on the Shark-Racing web site (Carlos' site is unfortunately now down indefinately.)

I have a couple of these great fail-safe devices, but like seat belts and motorcycle helmets, they don't work unless you use them...

I recently built a new boat, and in my excitement and haste to rush out to the pond and give it a spin, I neglected to install my fail-safe device. And of course, Murphy hit me hard. During one of the runs, I was doing a high speed turn when my battery became disconnected from the receiver. I lost all control of the boat and it ran full speed into the bank and up into a small tree. The consequences of the crash are pretty evident--the whole front end was smashed in! This could have been easily prevented if I took the time to install my fail-safe device. When the power was lost, the boat would have stopped dead in the water.

In an instant this crash turned an expensive and "pretty" boat into an expensive "ugly" boat. Although IImage was upset at my own carelessness, I learned a valuable lesson. A small investment into a fail-safe can provide a priceless amount of insurance! A fail-safe can protect your boat, your peace of mind, and add to the safety of those around the lake. I can imagine a time in the future when fail-safe devices may be required equipment. In the mean time, it just makes common sense to use one.

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marc replied the topic: #4322 12 years 3 months ago
Although Expensive, MHZ has a good unit that pretty much covers all bases: _URL_ Look under ENGINE ACCESSORIES.
This is a lower cost unit that kills engine on low of complete power loss. It does not however monitor signal quality...units like these work well in conjunction with a radio that features signal failsafe, like some PCM and DSM radios. _URL_
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golfvits replied the topic: #4319 12 years 3 months ago
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text:
Current issue: 54(5)
Under compilation: 55(1)
To explore interactions between climate and peatland hydrology, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing at four raised bogs in southern Sweden were subject to a dendroclimatological study. Radial tree growth reflecting climate and water table fluctuations over multiannual periods was detected as significant negative correlations between tree-ring width (TRW) chronologies and the preceding one to four years total precipitation or river discharge. Systematically stronger negative correlations were obtained when river discharge instead of precipitation was compared to radial tree growth. This indicates that river discharge reflect moisture variability of peat bogs better than what precipitation data does. Meanwhile, monthly precipitation and radial tree growth did not show any clear correlation, whereas spring and early summer temperatures had a positive influence on the tree growth. Our study shows that growth variability of bog pines in the Boreal zone reflect hydrological responses related to a synthesis of climate controlled moisture variability over several year periods.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
A visit to Rubondo Island National Park offers visitors a break from game viewing in the tranquil peace of a lakeshore setting. Exploring the islands within the park creates excitement for day trips. Fishing expeditions into Lake Victoria are easily arranged through the major lodges. Rubondo Island National Park is a relaxation from the rigorous safari circuit and a relaxing place from which to explore Lake Victoria.
A variety of water birds, Eurasian migrants and introduced African grey parrots.
A high density of African fish eagles distinctly seen.
Animal species including sitatunga, elephants, giraffes, hippos, bushbucks, pythons, crocodiles, chimpanzees (not fully habituated), bush pigs and suni.
The Lake Victoria forms a spectacular sight for visitors with the deepest point in the lake (Irumo) forming part of the park.
Magnificent view of one of the last remaining representatives of evergreen dense primary lowland Congolese forest with a unique habitat mosaic in the midst of high biodiversity value.
Beautiful and attracting beaches such as Fly catcher, Mchangani and Michicoco.
Important gulfs of Irumo and Kamea.
Clear sighting of both sunrise and sunset.
Cultural sites such as "Ntungamirwe", "Maji Matakatifu", "Altare" and "Solo" which explain the life of natives who once stayed in the park.
"Birds Islands", a breeding site for waterbirds.


Theopolis Podcast: Q&A Session (Historicity of the Exodus, Icons, Sacramental Administration, Fulfilled Prophecy)
Peter Leithart, James Bejon, Jeff Meyers, and I answer four questions from listeners: 1. Can we believe in the Exodus as an historical event? 2. How should we think about icons? 3. What are the boundaries of sacramental administration? 4. How should we discuss the fulfilment of prophecy with observant Jews?


text: Systematic experiments were conducted to study the postflooding situation in air - water countercurrent flow in a tube of 0.025 m internal diameter with smooth inlet and outlet conditions for the two phases. The downflow rate of water and the pressure gradient were measured over a range of flow rates for test-section lengths of 0.6, 1.2 and 2.0 m. Additional experiments were conducted with increasing and decreasing water flow rates at a constant air flow rate. The length of the test section or the way the flooding point was approached did not significantly affect the onset of flooding. The data show that, as the gas flow rate is increased, the pressure gradient can fall significantly in the postflooding situation due to depleting the downflow rate of liquid. Dimensionless correlations are proposed to calculate the downflow rate and the pressure gradient given for overall flow parameters.


but there are specific poses and sequences that can increase a sense of groundedness. This helps to balance the hard working nature of Pitta dosha. Grounding practices invite Kapha (earthy) energy into the mind and body.
A grounding yoga sequence involves poses that keep you rooted to the earth. When practicing, stay low to the ground and move slowly. Avoid practices that increase heat in the body, are fast paced, and focus on standing postures. Yin yoga can be especially supportive for Pitta dosha.
Grounding yoga postures:
 - Mountain Pose (Tadasana)
 - Tree Pose (Vrksasana)
 - Happy Baby (Ananda Balasana)
 - Corpse Pose (Savasana)
 - Downward Facing Dog (Adho Mukha Svanasana)
 - Plank Pose (Kumbhakasana)
 - and more
Sitali Instructions:
 - Find a comfortable, seated position
 - Take a few deep breaths in and out through your nose to help your mind and body relax
 - Curl the sides of the tongue together so it looks like a hot dog bun and stick it out a little
 - Inhale through the curled tongue
 - Pull the tongue back in, close your mouth, and exhale out your nose
 - Repeat this process for several breaths, focusing on the cooling sensation of each breath
Sikari Instructions:
 - Find a comfortable, seated position
 - Relax the tongue and bring your teeth together, opening your lips Inhale through the mouth, spreading the lips as much as you can
 - Breathe in through your closed teeth, making a hissing sound
 - Relax your jaw, close your lips, and exhale out your nose
Awareness of inner and outer nature empowers each of us to live a more healthy, easeful, and intentional life. We can experience the beauty of our true nature by living in harmony with the seasons. Summertime is influenced by Pitta dosha which affects our physical, mental, and emotional experiences, especially for those with a Pitta constitution. This fiery energy can be balanced by activities, environments, and foods that are cooling and grounding–the opposite of Pitta.


text:
Playwork Course 6 Lessons only
PAY IN FULL AND GET THE DISCOUNTED NEW PRICE £169.99
OR PAY BY INSTALMENTS STARTING WITH JUST £19.99 DEPOSIT
We may also have an interest free payment plan on this course, please click on the fees tab for more information.
Our Playwork Course is divided into six units, each of which deals with one or more learning outcomes related to one or more aspects of Play and Playwork.
Once you have completed the entire course you will have achieved all the learning outcomes.
By the end of the Playwork course you will be able to:
- Understand Playwork Principles and the different types of play.
- Understand the value of different relationships in playwork and their impact on positive outcomes within play settings
- Understand how to provide an inclusive and challenging play environment
- Understand how to provide an organisational framework for play
- Understand how to develop playwork provision and create play opportunities in the community
- Understand the importance of reflective practice for practitioners


Divinity Explained
Divinity or the divine are things that are either related to, devoted to, or proceeding from a deity.[1] [2] What is or is not divine may be loosely defined, as it is used by different belief systems.
The root of the word divine is literally "godly," but the use varies significantly depending on which deity is being discussed.
For specific related academic terms, see Divinity (academic discipline), or Divine (Anglican).
Divinity as a quality has two distinct usages:
Overlap occurs between these usages because deities or godly entities are often identical with or identified by the powers and forces that are credited to them — in many cases a deity is merely a power or force personified — and these powers and forces may then be extended or granted to mortal individuals. For instance, Jehovah is closely associated with storms and thunder throughout much of the Old Testament. He is said to speak in thunder, and thunder is seen as a token of his anger. This power was then extended to prophets like Moses and Samuel, who caused thunderous storms to rain down on their enemies.[3] Divinity always carries connotations of goodness, beauty, beneficence, justice, and other positive, pro-social attributes. In monotheistic faiths there is an equivalent cohort of malefic supernatural beings and powers, such as demons, devils, afreet, etc., which are not conventionally referred to as divine; demonic is often used instead. Pantheistic and polytheistic faiths make no such distinction; gods and other beings of transcendent power often have complex, ignoble, or even irrational motivations for their acts. Note that while the terms demon and demonic are used in monotheistic faiths as antonyms to divine, they are in fact derived from the Greek word daimón (δαίμων), which itself translates as divinity.
There are three distinct usages of divinity and divine in religious discourse:
See main article: Deity. In monotheistic faiths, the word divinity is often used to refer to the singular God central to that faith. Often the word takes the definite article and is capitalized — "the Divinity" — as though it were a proper name or definitive honorific. Divine — capitalized — may be used as an adjective to refer to the manifestations of such a Divinity or its powers: e.g. "basking in the Divine presence..."
The terms divinity and divine — uncapitalized, and lacking the definite article — are sometimes used as to denote 'god(s)[4] or certain other beings and entities which fall short of absolute Godhood but lie outside the human realm. These include (by no means an exhaustive list):
Divine force or power
As previously noted, divinities are closely related to the transcendent force(s) or power(s) credited to them,[5] so much so that in some cases the powers or forces may themselves be invoked independently. This leads to the second usage of the word divine (and a less common usage of divinity): to refer to the operation of transcendent power in the world.
In its most direct form, the operation of transcendent power implies some form of divine intervention. For panand polytheistic faiths this usually implies the direct action of one god or another on the course of human events. In Greek legend, for instance, it was Poseidon (god of the sea) who raised the storms that blew Odysseus's craft off course on his return journey, and Japanese tradition holds that a god-sent wind saved them from Mongol invasion. Prayers or propitiations are often offered to specific gods of pantheisms to garner favorable interventions in particular enterprises: e.g. safe journeys, success in war, or a season of bountiful crops. Many faiths around the world — from Japanese Shinto and Chinese traditional religion, to certain African practices and the faiths derived from those in the Caribbean, to Native American beliefs — hold that ancestral or household deities offer daily protection and blessings. In monotheistic religions, divine intervention may take very direct forms: miracles, visions, or intercessions by blessed figures.
Transcendent force or power may also operate through more subtle and indirect paths. Monotheistic faiths generally support some version of divine providence, which acknowledges that the divinity of the faith has a profound but unknowable plan always unfolding in the world. Unforeseeable, overwhelming, or seemingly unjust events are often thrown on 'the will of the Divine', in deferences like the Muslim inshallah ('as God wills it') and Christian 'God works in mysterious ways'. Often such faiths hold out the possibility of divine retribution as well, where the divinity will unexpectedly bring evil-doers to justice through the conventional workings of the world; from the subtle redressing of minor personal wrongs, to such large-scale havoc as the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah or the biblical Great Flood. Other faiths are even more subtle: the doctrine of karma shared by Buddhism and Hinduism is a divine law similar to divine retribution but without the connotation of punishment: our acts, good or bad, intentional or unintentional, reflect back on us as part of the natural working of the universe. Philosophical Taoism also proposes a transcendent operant principle — transliterated in English as tao or dao, meaning 'the way' — which is neither an entity or a being per se, but reflects the natural ongoing process of the world. Modern western mysticism and new age philosophy often use the term 'the Divine' as a noun in this latter sense: a non-specific principle or being that gives rise to the world, and acts as the source or wellspring of life. In these latter cases the faiths do not promote deference, as happens in monotheisms; rather each suggests a path of action that will bring the practitioner into conformance with the divine law: ahimsa — 'no harm' — for Buddhist and Hindu faiths; de or te — 'virtuous action' — in Taoism; and any of numerous practices of peace and love in new age thinking.
See main article: Apotheosis. In the third usage, extensions of divinity and divine power are credited to living, mortal individuals. Political leaders are known to have claimed actual divinity in certain early societies — the ancient Egyptian Pharaohs being the premier case — taking a role as objects of worship and being credited with superhuman status and powers. More commonly, and more pertinent to recent history, leaders merely claim some form of divine mandate, suggesting that their rule is in accordance with the will of God. The doctrine of the divine right of kings was introduced as late as the 17th century, proposing that kings rule by divine decree; Japanese Emperors ruled by divine mandate until the inception of the Japanese constitution after World War II.
Less politically, most faiths have any number of people that are believed to have been touched by divine forces: saints, prophets, heroes, oracles, martyrs, and enlightened beings, among others. Saint Francis of Assisi, in Catholicism, is said to have received instruction directly from God and it is believed that he grants plenary indulgence to all who confess their sins and visit his chapel on the appropriate day. In Greek mythology, Achilles' mother bathed him in the river Styx to give him immortality, and Hercules — as the son of Zeus — inherited near-godly powers. In religious Taoism, Lao Tsu is venerated as a saint with his own powers. Various individuals in the Buddhist faith, beginning with Siddhartha, are considered to be enlightened, and in religious forms of Buddhism they are credited with divine powers. Christ in the Bible is said to be God's Son and is said to have performed divine miracles.
In general, mortals with divine qualities are carefully distinguished from the deity or deities in their religion's main pantheon.[6] Even the Christian faith, which generally holds Christ to be identical to God, distinguishes between God the Father and Christ the begotten Son.[7] There are, however, certain esoteric and mystical schools of thought, present in many faiths — Sufis in Islam, Gnostics in Christianity, Advaitan Hindus, Zen Buddhists, as well as several non-specific perspectives developed in new age philosophy — which hold that all humans are in essence divine, or unified with the Divine in a non-trivial way. Such divinity, in these faiths, would express itself naturally if it were not obscured by the social and physical worlds we live in; it needs to be brought to the fore through appropriate spiritual practices.[8]
In traditional Christian theology, divinity is the state or quality of being divine, and can denote Godly nature or character. In Hebrew, the terms would usually be "el", "elohim", and in Greek usually "theos", or "theias". The divinity in the Bible is considered the Godhead itself, or God in general. Or it may have reference to a deity.[9] Even angels in the Psalms are considered divine or elohim, as spirit beings, in God's form.
In the New Testament the Greek word θεῖον (theion) in the Douay Version, is translated as "divinity". Examples are below:
The word translated as either "deity", "Godhead", or "divinity" in the Greek New Testament is also the Greek word θεότητος (theotētos), and the one verse that contains it is this:Colossians 2:


Sven Laumer
In 2008, Ford et al. (2008) pointed out for management research, that "it is time to expand our understanding of resistance to change". Since 1947, when Kurt Lewin discuss the first time the concept of resistance to change within his field theory, managerial psychology researchers have extended, criticized, modified and re-conceptualized the understanding of employees‟ responses to change initiatives. Also information systems research has identified resistance to change as major reason for IT project failures. However, as our analysis in this paper shows, there are a lot of opportunities for IS research to research resistance to IT-induced change. Using a literature review the paper discusses different concepts of resistance to change from managerial psychology and IS research in order to provide a better understanding of resistance to IT-induced change. The paper highlights implications from managerial psychology research to update the understanding of resistance to change in information systems research.


Ms Word 2010 Eq editor hotkeys/shortcuts
 1. What is this?:This is a list that contains hotkeys and short cuts designed to make your time writing equations in Microsoft word quicker and hopefully less of a hassle.
 Why?: Some time recently I decided to start doing all my homework on my computer regardless of the class. This may seem difficult and many people that see my homework think its over kill but, knowing the hot keys and short cuts really cuts down on A LOT of time. The main tool here is Microsoft Word's equation editor. I don't know the full extent of the uses but I did want to share my knowledge to maybe help some one else shave a good amount of time off their report. I have looked around the internet to get help with shortcuts and hot keys but have not found very useful tools. I actually would like some help writing up a list of hot keys and short cuts to make available to every one. If you have any comments or suggestion please comment below.
 Remember: to press space where the code says, it is necessary to get Microsoft word to recognize certain parts before continuing.
 1. Common Hotkeys
 2. Basic Math Equations
 3. Greek letters and symbols
 4. Scripts
 5. Limits/logs/trig functions
 6. Common Character Accents.
 1. Common Hotkeys
 Code (Text):
 Alt+"=" open/close equation editor
 ctrl+l left align
 ctrl+e center align
 ctrl+r Right align
 ctrl+j justify
 ctrl+b bold
 ctrl+u underline
 ctrl+i italic
 ctrl+s save document
 ctrl+o open document
 ctrl+c copy
 ctrl+x cut
 ctrl+v paste
 shift+arrow select text. By letter or symbol
 ctrl+shift+arrow select text. by word or grouping
 ctrl+shift+. increase text size
 ctrl+shift+, decrease text size
 The variables x and n can be replaced with words and full equations
 2. Basic Math equations
 Code (Text):
 x^n x[SUP]n[/SUP]
 (x+x)^n (x+x)[SUP]n[/SUP]
 x^(n+n) x[SUP](n+n)[/SUP]
 x^n+n x[SUP]n[/SUP]+n
 x/n "x" divided by "n"
 (x+x)/n "x" plus "x" total divided by "n"
 x/(n+n) "x" divided by the sum of "n"+"n"
 x/n+n "x"divided by "n" total plus "n"
 [B]Integrals: be sure to type spaces as indicated[/B]
 \int x dx boundless integral over the function x
 \int _0^n x dx integral with bounds zero to n over the function x
 \int _0^(n+n) x dx integral with bounds zero to n plus n all over the function of x
 \iint x dx double integral with no bounds
 \iiint x dx triple intertal
 (I am not sure if you can add bounds to all the integrals
 I would use multiple single integrals for this as shown below)
 \int_0^2\pi \int _0^pi \int _0^r r^2 sin \phi dr d\phi d\theta
 bounds from 0 to 2(pi), 0 to pi and 0 to r
 (this is an integral for a sphere of radius r)
 3. Greek letters and symbols commonly used in equations:
 Code (Text):
 [B]Shortcuts (press space to change to symbol)[/B]
 \Alpha A
 \alpha α
 \Beta B
 \beta β
 \Delta Δ
 \delta δ
 \partial ∂
 \Gamma Γ
 \gamma γ
 \epsilon ϵ
 \Epsilon Ε
 \varepsilon ε
 \eta η
 \Eta H
 \theta θ
 \Theta Θ
 \kappa κ
 \Kappa K
 \lambda λ
 \Lambda Λ
 \pi π
 \Pi Π
 \omega ω
 \Omega Ω
 \mu μ
 \Mu M
 \infty infinity symbol
 4. Scripts
 Code (Text):
 X^n X[SUP]n[/SUP]
 X_n X[SUB]n[/SUB]
 (I am not sure how to get the ones for elements where the scripts come before)
 5. Limits/logs/trig:(type the equation as indicated, include the spaces as they are recognized by Microsoft Word.)
 Code (Text):
 lim (x->0) x limit from x to zero subscript for x
 log_x n log[SUB]x[/SUB] n
 sin x sine function
 sin^-1 x inverse sine function
 cos x cosine function
 cos^-1 x inverse cosine function
 tan x tangent function
 tan^-1 x inverse tangent function
 sinh x hyperbolic sine function
 sinh^-1 x inverse hyperbolic sine function
 cosh x hyperbolic cosine function
 cosh^-1 x inverse hyperbolic cosine function
 tanh x hyperbolic tangent function
 tanh^-1 x inverse hyperbolic tangent function
 6. Common character accents:press space two times to get the accent on said character
 Code (Text):
 x\hat x with hat on top
 x\dot x with dot on top
 x\ddot x with two dots on top
 x\dddot x with three dots on top
 x\vec x with vector on top
 x\tilde x with tilde on top
 Last edited: Feb 21, 2011
 2. jcsd
 3. Having used LyX for years due to MS Word's poor equation editor, the newest instation of word recently made me give it a try.
 At first, due to these shortcuts and the intuitive entry method, I was in love with it, it's even faster in terms of human input than LyX, once you get used to it equations fly along. It's got all the positive's of LyX equation entry (for a basic user like myself), with a few additional benefits that really speed up the process, like the ability to add spaces without \;, or the automatic adjustment of fraction bars and parenthesis when you hit the space bar. Everything was quick and smooth, I was sold.
 Then on one page I had, heaven forbid, 3 equations and all of a sudden everything came to a crawl, even normal word processing.
 I found that this is page specific, so once I managed to reach the next page it sped up a bit, but if there is even 1 equation that is too long, word becomes unbearable. I tried to live with it, but the huge delay started to give me a roaring headache and slowed down well past any benefits of using the program. Now I'm back with LyX, which is a great program (especially with its integrated LaTeX), but its too bad. Microsoft's team managed to make a fantastically inuitive equation entry method, borrowing a lot from LyX and LaTeX but also improving on it, but overall shoddy programming makes the whole thing unusable.
 It is utterly unacceptable with modern CPUs and Memory to have word processing that is not lightening fast, even with every last bell and whistle. I've had the same issue with MS Excel and VBA - hugely simple VBA code takes forever to compile and run simply because it is running inside Excel. I suspect that the issue is that at its core MS Word 2010 probably is just built on top of the same Word from '98, with features added and added and added; either that or it is just a vast array of poor programming, I'm not sure, but if I can run modern games like Left4Dead2 on intel's graphics cores in the new Sandy Bridge architecture, I'm pretty sure I should be able to do anything in terms of word processing. This is really dissappointing.
 Sorry to rant. It's the same case with Adobe Acrobat, I use Sumatra PDF and it opens any kind of PDF file I've thrown at it - password locked, encrypted, asian characters, etc. etc. - lightning fast. PDF reader? Crawls and makes


text:
Oldest Potted Plant's Deep Roots Go Back to 1775
This Eastern Cape giant cycad was brought to the Kew Botanical Gardens in 1775.
CREDIT: RBG Kew
The potted Eastern Cape giant cycad that resides in the U.K.'s Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, has lived through the French Revolution, the invention of the steam engine, both World Wars and man's first walk on the moon, which may have earned it the title of the oldest potted plant in the world.
The Eastern Cape giant cycad (Encephalartos altensteinii) is unique to South Africa. It is a medium-to-large plant with stems that extend up to 16 feet (5 meters) long and are usually 14 inches (35 centimeters) in diameter.
These plants can survive long enough to live to 2,500 years of age. Today, they are rare in the wild and are protected by law.
Kew's plant, which was initially planted at ground level, measures about 14 feet (4.2 m) from the base of its stem to the growing point. This means that the cycad has grown around 1 inch (2.5 cm) every year since it was originally potted in the 18th century.
Kew's first plant collector, Francis Masson, brought the giant cycad back from the Eastern Cape region of South Africa in 1775. It was one of the first plants to be moved to the Palm House when it opened in 1848.
In 1819, the plant produced its first, and last, cone. Regardless, the plant has survived a lot, including some 30 high explosives that fell on Kew during World War II.
In 2009, the year of the Gardens' 250th anniversary, Kew repotted the plant in a specially built box. The transfer took three months of planning as the plant weighs more than a ton.
MORE FROM LiveScience.com

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Foreign Applicants
The educational process for foreign students is either in Armenian or in other foreign language (English, Russian).
Foreigners having at least a document (diploma, certificate) certifying the completion of secondary level education can apply for the UTM.
The admission of the foreign applicants to UTM assumes the study of the documents and the assessment of knowledge (including language).
Students, not possessing appropriate knowledge on main subjects and the language, can take a preparation course.
The admission period, course and other conditions for foreign applicants' second specialty are defined by UTM certification committee.
The admission of the foreign applicants to UTM is carried out after document examination, information verification, consular ratification, as well as after the registration, based on the referral letters of the Ministry of Education and Science, RA and the order of UTM's rector.
 1. Application to the Minister of Education and Science, RA
 2. Application to the UTMA rector
 3. Medical certificate of health.
 4. Passport
 5. Final document of education degree
 6. 4 photos (3x4 cm)
 7. CV (Armenian, Russian or English)
Provided documents are accepted for discussion, in the case of consular validation of the relevant documents by the diplomatic representation of RA in foreign countries
The documents are submitted to the Ministry,
 1. Personally or by applicant's authorized representative;
 2. by UTM;
 3. through diplomatic missions of RA in foreign countries;
 4. by post / including e-mail / to Ministry's official address.
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text:
This paper aimed to investigate conditions for pit initiation on type 304 stainless steel under MgCl2 solution layer in atmospheric environment using a CCD camera system and a surface potential measurement equipment. A droplet of dilute MgCl2 solution was put on the specimen. The specimen was set in the chamber with a relative humidity of 33% in order to make the droplet dry into the layer. The CCD camera system was employed to observe the change in the shape of the droplet and in the specimen surface during the drying process. In addition, the surface potential measurement equipment was applied for monitoring the surface potential of the specimen with the layer. When the droplet of dilute solution became thin and saturated, pitting corrosion occurred and the surface potential rapidly lowered. By contrast, thick and saturated layer did not induce pitting corrosion and the surface potential indicated the relatively low and steady. Therefore, it was revealed that the atmospheric corrosion occurred on the steel under saturated MgCl2 solution layer whose thickness less than 0.2 mm.
|ジャーナル||Nippon Kinzoku Gakkaishi/Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals|
|出版ステータス||Published - 2017|
ASJC Scopus subject areas


FIX: High CPU or DISK Usage issues on Windows 10. (Solved)
In this tutorial you 'll find detailed instructions to resolve the high CPU and Disk usage issues on Windows 10. Many users complains that their Windows 10 computers run slow without an obvious reason and without having any open programs. During this behavior, the Task Manager shows that the disk or the CPU is always running at 100%.

High CPU or DISK Usage issues Windows 10

In this tutorial you will find several methods to solve the High CPU and DISK Usage issues on Windows 10 OS.
HOW TO FIX: High CPU and DISK Usage issues on Windows 10.

Method 1. Scan your computer for viruses.
Important: Many viruses or malicious programs can cause your Hard disk to work at 100%. So, before you continue to troubleshoot the hard disk's 100% usage issue, use this Malware Scan and Removal Guide to check and remove viruses or/and malicious programs that may be running on your computer.

Method 2: Disable Windows notifications.
I have tried this solution several times in Windows 10 systems with successful results, but I haven't test it in Windows 8 or 8.1 systems.

– To disable notifications on Windows 10. (For Windows 8, 8.1 instructions click here).
1. Click on the Windows flag (Start menu) and open Settings.
windows 10 settings
2. At settings window, select System.
windows 10 system

3. Select Notifications & actions at the left and then set the Show me tips about Windows notifications to OFF.

windows 10 disable notifications
4. Close settings window and check if the HDD 100% usage problem persists. If persists, then try to turn off all other notifications.

Method 3. Disable Paging File.
Another method to solve the high Disk or CPU usage problems on Windows 10, is to deactivate the Paging File. To do that:
1. Right click on My PC and select Properties.
2. Click Advanced system settings on the left.

image

3. At 'Advanced' tab click Settings at 'Performance' section.
fix High CPU and DISK Usage Windows 10

4. At 'Performance Options' select the Advanced tab and then click Change.
fix windows 10 high usage on disk o CPU

5. Unselect the "Automatically manage paging file size for all drives" option.
6. Select No paging file.
7. Click OK.
8. Restart your computer.
disable paging file windows 10

Method 4. Rebuild Search Index.
– Another solution to resolve the 100% high usage issue on your hard disk, CPU or Memory is to rebuild the Index.
1. Navigate to Windows Control Panel and open Indexing Options.*
* If you don't see the Indexing Options, set the View (View by) to Small icons.
2. At Indexing Options click Modify.
3. Uncheck Offline Files* and press OK.
4. Then click Advanced.
5. At Troubleshooting section, click the Rebuild button.
index rebuild
6. Press OK to rebuild the Index.
7. Wait until the index rebuilding is completed and then restart your computer.
That's all! Did it work for you?
Please leave a comment in the comment section below or even better: like and share this blog post in the social networks to help spread the word about this solution.
If this article was useful for you, please consider supporting us by making a donation. Even $1 can a make a huge difference for us in our effort to continue fighting spam while keeping this site free:


UCLA Campus | UCLA Health | DGSOM | Radiology | Molecular and Medical Pharmacology | Radiation Oncology | GPB Translate:
UCLA Health It Begins With U
Physics and Biology in Medicine Graduate Program
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Admission
PhD Program
The Physics and Biology in Medicine IDP is an interdisciplinary program; therefore we are looking for applicants who are interested in crossing the traditional boundaries between disciplines to develop new methods and scientific knowledge that are related to the diagnosis and treatment of disease.
Each specialty involves varying amount of emphasis in biology, physics, chemistry, mathematics, computer science and engineering. Therefore, we strongly encourage applications from students with a wide variety of backgrounds.
Applicants to the Physics and Biology in Medicine graduate program must have a:
 - Bachelor's degree in a science or engineering related field.
 - Biology or its subspecialties (e.g. molecular biology, etc.)
 - Chemistry or its subspecialties (e.g. biochemistry, etc.)
 - Physics or its subspecialties (e.g. medical physics, biophysics, etc.)
 - Mathematics or its subspecialties (e.g. computational methods, etc.)
 - Engineering or Computer Sciences or any of their subspecialties (e.g. biomedical engineering, nuclear engineering, etc.).


Conceptual Art
Conceptual Music, New Notation, Groups, etc.
Conceptual Music (Art) as an umbrella term for a number of tendencies.
 - groups:
 1. ONCE
 2. Fluxus
 3. scratch orchestra and
 4. Lucas Foss performance group at UCLA
 5. Contemporary Chamber Players at U of I
 6. Source Magazine of the Avantgarde
 The "New" Notation. In the '60s, many composers felt the need of a "non-traditional" notation to better communicate their music. Proportional notation uses lines of various the lengths to suggest the duration of sound in a proportional way. Sometimes pitches are only approximately marked on a stave, without using accidentals or even note heads. Polish composer Krzysztof Penderecki wrote an influential work, Threnody for the Victims of Hiroshima in which he uses proportional notation. Bruno Bartolozzi's book"New Sounds for Woodwind and Erhard Karkoschka's book Notation in New Music were among the first works discussing multiphonics and the emergence of new music symbols.
 The need for a "new" notation is related both to aleatory music and improvisation and to the advent of new, extended instrumental and vocal techniques. William Albright - Amerithon
 Earl Brown has a group of pieces (Folio and Four Systems ) in which he pushed far the limits and the consequences of such notation about one decade before it became "popular".
 Sylvano Bussotti, his scores and their lack of instructions or explanatory notes.
 Gyorgy Ligeti's Aventures as an example of new notation and extended techniques.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Motivation: I'm working on a computational problem at the moment, and have some very good routines for natively working with simplicial complexes and calculating homology, but the structures I'm dealing with arise naturally as cubical complexes.
Problem: Is there an efficient way to triangulate the n-cube, i.e. calculate a (relatively) small list of n-simplices on the same vertices as the cube, and which define a simplicial complex spanning the cube?
I've done some reference-chasing and there seems to be no decently-sharp estimate (as an upper or lower bound) for the asymptotic complexity of the problem, although the best upper-bounds I'm aware of (for the size of the smallest solution-set) seem to indicate something exponentially smaller than factorial (see Haiman, 91). This paper also exhibits a lower bound, given below
Orden and Santos improved the upper bound somewhat, by reducing the base of the exponential.
share|improve this question
See also "Simplexity of the $n$-cube" at The Open Problems Garden: garden.irmacs.sfu.ca/?q=op/simplexity_of_the_cube – Joseph O'Rourke Feb 10 '11 at 16:54
4 Answers 4
up vote 13 down vote accepted
For the question as stated, it's a big open problem to triangulate the $n$-cube, and the papers that you cite are basically the state of the art. The lower bound that you give is simply a matter of comparing the volume of an $n$-cube to the volume of the largest possible $n$-simplex inside it, only with the extra idea due to Warren Smith to work in hyperbolic geometry rather than in Euclidean geometry. As you should notice, this lower bound is exponential, while all of the upper bounds are factorial. The upper bound comes from the following simple idea of Haiman: Suppose that you have good triangulations of some low-dimensional cubes. Then you can take their Cartesian product and use the standard step triangulation of a product of simplices. Using for example the triangulation of a 3-cube with 5 simplices instead of the usual 6, this immediately gives you a small exponential gain over the $n!$ answer using the standard step triangulation. Orden and Santos offer a slight improvement of Haiman's idea.
Combinatorialists take this summary of results as an invitation to do better. The upper and lower bounds are very far apart.
If your ultimate goal is to compute homology in high dimensions, then you are much better off NOT triangulating the cubes. It is computationally superior to make chain complexes directly from the cubical complex, and then use the same integer linear algebra that you would have used otherwise.
share|improve this answer
The combinatorialists do not seem to have made much progress. The last real advance in the field is Warren Smith's thesis (which was in 1988, if I recall). The problem (known as "the simplexity of the cube") has been around for a very long time, though I don't know the whole history. – Igor Rivin Feb 10 '11 at 16:38
A slight improvement on the lower bound was recently obtained by Alexey Glazyrin (_URL_ _URL_ Basically, it changes the $2^n$ factor in Nick's initial post to an $e^n$. Smith's hyperbolic volume method gave an $\sqrt{6}^n$.
But, of course, as Greg points out, the real open question is whether the simplicity of the cube grows as the $c^n n!/n^{n/2}$ of the lower bounds or as the $c^n n!$ that can be achieved by actual constructions (or something in between).
share|improve this answer
In case it is helpful for your computational problem, note that the freely available software CHomP will compute homology of cubical complexes.
share|improve this answer
Cubical complexes in general, or just subcollections of the standard tiling of Euclidean space by unit cubes? It looks like the latter to me. – Greg Kuperberg Feb 10 '11 at 16:49
Awesome, thank you! I've been trying in HAP(GAP package), but it's not too happy (so far as I can tell) if I'm not working with a complex where each cube sits inside a cube of maximal dimension, the so-called "pure" complexes. So I can't just start sticking extra squares hanging off my cubes, say. – Nick Loughlin Feb 11 '11 at 11:11
I didn't notice Greg's comment, which would suggest that my last post was off-the-mark, although I will check it out. – Nick Loughlin Feb 11 '11 at 11:12
If you think of the $n$-cube as unordered sequences of points from $[0,1]$, and the $n$-symplex as an ordered sequence of points from $[0,1]$, then it is easy to see how to decompose the $n$-cube into $n!$ simplices each of hyper-volume $1/n!$. I am not sure that this is a triangulation --- no opinion at this writing, but if not, then try subdivision.
share|improve this answer
Yes, this and some related triangulations are known - a slightly better version (in 3d gives 5 simplices instead of 6) is to 2-colour the vertices and dissect-off a simplex at each odd vertex, say, and then deal with the polytope you're left with - see theorem 3.6.3 here: books.google.com/books?id=SxY1Xrr12DwC&pg=PA315 – Nick Loughlin Feb 10 '11 at 13:20
5 simplices is sharp in three dimensions, since if you take the regular ideal cube, you will see that the simplices it is subdivided in are regular also. – Igor Rivin Feb 10 '11 at 16:36
Of course, "ideal" means ideal in hyperbolic 3-space. Do other geometries in higher dimensions give worse estimates? – Douglas Zare Feb 10 '11 at 17:14
Your Answer


Table Of Contents
Routing a Synchronization Clock Along a Trigger Line
Last Modified: September 15, 2017
You can route full-speed or divided synchronization clocks through trigger lines using NI-Sync. With this technique, you can export a DDS clock using a PFI line and send full-speed or divided clocks along routes that are not accessible when you use clock terminals alone.
Setting and Dividing a Synchronization Clock
 1. Place Connect Trigger Terminals on the diagram.
 2. Wire a constant or control to source terminal and destination terminal.
 3. Select Synchronization Clock (Divided 2) for source terminal. This divides the synchronization clock by the value you set in the Clock Divisor 2 property of niSync Properties and uses the result as the source for this trigger. You can also select Synchronization Clock (Divided 1) or Synchronization Clock (Full Speed).
 4. Select a destination terminal for Connect Trigger Terminals:
 Routing a clock signal through a PXI_Trig line is not recommended. due to poor clock signal integrity caused by the topology of the PXI_Trig lines. Use PXI_Star, PXIe_DStar, or PFI lines instead.
 - Select a PXI_Star line to route the specified clock through the backplane trigger lines of the chassis.
 - Select a front panel terminal (PFI, PFI_LVDS) to route the specified clock through the front zone of the chassis to another PXI chassis, a physically connected module in the same chassis, or an external device.
 - Select PXIe_DStarB to route the specified clock from a system timing module to a peripheral slot.
 - Select PXIe_DStarC to route the specified clock from a peripheral slot to a system timing module.
 5. Place Disconnect Trigger Terminals on the diagram to free the trigger lines for other applications.
 6. Place Close on the diagram to end the NI-Sync session. The synchronization clock you set using niSync Properties is routed to a different location in the chassis using a trigger line.
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Sentence Examples
 - It isn't like they couldn't survive without her contribution to the income.
 - This was an original contribution to the history of the Jews and Judaism in the time of Christ, and has been much used by later writers on the subject (e.g.
 - Although some lurking errors impaired the authority of the concluded parallaxes this work ranks as a valuable contribution to astronomy, since it showed the possibility of employing photography in such delicate investigations.
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text:
Room in nature
A tribute to nature
In 2014, a spark started the largest forest fires in modern Swedish history. 14,000 hectares of forest burned up. But the devastation also created the conditions for new life and Hälleskogsbrännans nature reserve was founded. The visitor center began as part of Mikael Hassel's Thesis project at the School of Architecture. After graduation, the project won the contract for a new visitor center. Mikael worked with the project together with pS Arkitektur and it was built in 2017.
The project's two materials, graying timber and black painted steel together with charred details, symbolize the forest and the forest fire. The buildings consist of compact volumes. The log timber tradition has inspired the form and details. Simple grips such as rotated roof ridges create directions for outlooks and allows, for example, the gallery roof of the outdoor classroom. The buildings are located along a 300 meter long handicap accessible ramp uphill Grävlingsberget. Wc building is located at the start of the ramp. Second, the outdoor classroom with gallery roof and outdoor space under the roof for teaching and barbecue. Information along the ramp tell about the recovery of the nature. The ramp ends with a handicap accessible viewing area and a 12 meter high viewing tower with a wide view of both fire-damaged and fresh forests. The viewing tower consists of three compact volumes stacked on each other and twisted to achieve varied views. In the area there are also barbecue areas and star-show sofas in the same design as the rest of the project.


text:
Redwood Logistics (Redwood), one of the fastest-growing supply chain orchestration and logistics execution companies in North America and innovators of Logistics Platform as a Service (LPaaS), announced today that Redwood Hyperion, Redwood's proprietary sustainability and carbon tracking tool, was awarded a Sustainable Product Award from SEAL (Sustainability, Environmental Achievement & Leadership). Redwood Hyperion provides a customizable suite of carbon visibility, offsetting, reduction and reporting tools, meeting shippers wherever they are in their sustainability journey – providing actionable insights to help reach their goals.
"Generally, shippers are in the early stages of their emissions accounting journey or may just be beginning to measure their Scope 3 emissions," said Mike Reed, Chief Product Officer, Redwood. "By going directly to source data and using GLEC (Global Logistics Emissions Council) standard calculations, the most trusted global freight emissions calculation framework, Redwood Hyperion can provide a more accurate view of freight emissions across all modes of transportation. We're honored to be recognized by SEAL for this timely innovation."
The EPA reports that 29 percent of U.S. greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are due to transportation, with about 12 percent of emissions directly attributed to freight and logistics. To combat this trend, Redwood Hyperion automates detailed load-by-load emissions calculations, provides daily supply chain emissions metrics and analytics, and supports carbon-neutral initiatives by facilitating carbon credit purchases toward verified projects.
Redwood Hyperion comes with a comprehensive suite of carbon tracking and data tools through RedwoodConnect™, Redwood's proprietary iPaaS platform, which enables the integration of digital and physical supply chains. Redwood's managed services offerings are also available to customers under the Redwood Eco Advisory framework to help shippers enhance supply chain efficiency via measurable emission reductions and reduced freight costs.
"Redwood's customer survey from 2022 showed that the leading motivators to invest in sustainability over the next five years were increased regulation with 58 percent of respondents, and even greater, consumer sentiment at 60 percent," added Reed. "By leveraging Redwood Hyperion, not only are shippers getting ahead of potential Scope 3 emissions reporting mandates, but they're also becoming better partners to their customers as well."
With Current European Union law and the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD), approximately 49,000 companies may be required to report on environmental factors. In the United States, the proposed SEC climate disclosure policies would require Scope 1, 2 and ultimately Scope 3 emissions reporting, which captures upstream and downstream emissions associated to a company's value chain. Redwood Hyperion affords shippers with detailed insights and visibility into their freight GHG emissions, allowing them to meet legislative requirements and inform their customers.
"Companies have a unique opportunity and responsibility to drive environmental progress where politics cannot," said Matt Harney, SEAL Awards' founder. "Our corporate sustainability awards celebrate organizations that embrace the responsibility to effect positive change."
The SEAL Sustainable Product Award specifically recognizes applicants based on impact metrics, innovation/uniqueness of the product and its ability to inspire sustainable change.
For a complete list of 2022 SEAL Business Sustainability Award winners, visit _URL_


text:
The new Olympus SmartCut Plus is a compact standalone optical-based dissection instrument utilising a high-precision solid-state UV laser and is based on picosecond pulses, making it ideal for pathology and forensic medicine. It is fully integrated with the inverted Olympus CKX41 microscope.
The SmartCut Plus is designed for easy use in micromanipulation of both fixed and living cells, and is capable of isolating cells for molecular analyses. The advanced picosecond laser is controlled by intuitive software which enables cells and components to be identified, marked and extracted without any extensive homogenisation or isolation procedures. The optional touch-screen and pen allow users to draw around multiple targets.
The maintenance-free solid-state, diode-pumped 355nm UVa laser ensures complete stability and provides exceptional cutting accuracy, as it is focused to a beam spot size of less than 1µm. Specimens are mounted on a special membrane-covered frame and a standard glass slide placed below. This sandwich protects the sample and the target area against impurities in the environment.
Micro-dissected samples are cleanly removed by a specially adapted microcentrifuge tube, to recover the target without directly touching it. A further enhanced function of the SmartCut Plus is the automatic storage of all data relevant to a session.


Jump to: navigation, search
XWT Documentation
Revision as of 23:49, 18 December 2009 by Yves.yang.soyatec.com (Talk | contribs) (Animation)
What is XWT?
XWT stands for eclipse XML Window Toolkit. It is a powerful and lightweight declarative UI framework designed for Eclipse, based on XML as markup language.
XWT simplifies UI development by a physical separation of UI definition in XML from the run-time logic in programing language. It is very intuitive for creating interfaces directly or via tools such as Visual editor. especially for people with a background in web design and technologies.
Doc: Overview
Getting started
Hello, world!
Here is a simple example.
<Shell xmlns="_URL_
 xmlns:x="_URL_
 <Shell.layout>
 <FillLayout/>
 </Shell.layout>
 <Button text="Hello, world!">
 </Button>
</Shell>
The same UI can be developed in Java corresponding:
Shell parent = new Shell();
parent.setLayout(new FillLayout());
Button button = new Button(parent, SWT.NONE);
button.setText("Hello, world!");
XAMl4SWT HelloWorld.png
To load and start a simple application, we use the class XWT:
Shell shell = (Shell)XWT.load(file);
shell.pack();
shell.open();
while (!shell.isDisposed()) {
 if (!shell.getDisplay().readAndDispatch()) {
 shell.getDisplay().sleep();
 }
}
Or it's better to use the following API to handle event loop:
XWT.open(uri);
It is possible to load a UI resource under a Composite:
XWT.load(parent, uri);
To use XWT, your project must import at least the following plugins
org.eclipse.swt
org.eclipse.jface
org.eclipse.e4.xwt
org.eclipse.jface.databinding
org.eclipse.core.databinding
com.ibm.icu
Event Handling
In the previous example, we just rewrite Java code in XML. This example illustrates the separation between UI and event handling.
The appearance is defined in XWT.
<Shell xmlns="_URL_
 xmlns:x="_URL_
 x:Class="ui.EventHandler">
 <Shell.layout>
 <GridLayout/>
 </Shell.layout>
 <Button text="Click Me!" SelectionEvent="clickButton">
 </Button>
</Shell>
The extension attribute x:Class declares the Java class to handle all events. The Button event is handled by clickButton method in the class ui.EventHandler. The association is setup during the loading:
package ui;
import org.eclipse.swt.Event;
import org.eclipse.swt.Button;
public class EventHandler {
 protected void clickButton(Event event) {
 Button button = (Button )event.widget;
 button.setText("Hello, world!");
 }
}
When the button gets selected, the method clickButton is invoked to change the Button text to "Hello, world!".
Layout
<Composite xmlns="_URL_
 xmlns:x="_URL_
 <Composite.layout>
 <GridLayout numColumns="2"/>
 </Composite.layout>
 <Label text="Hello, world"/>
 <Text x:style="BORDER">
 <Text.layoutData>
 <GridData horizontalAlignment="FILL"
 grabExcessHorizontalSpace="true"/>
 </Text.layoutData>
 </Text>
</Composite>
XAMl4SWT HelloWorld2.png
 1. The simple element name (<Composite>) corresponds to a class name.
 2. The qualified element name (i.g. <Composite.layout>) corresponds to a property defined by an element.
 3. The default namespace corresponds to system packages.
 4. User defined package can be declared as a namespace in the format: "clr-namespace:<package>=<jar>"
This is functionally equivalent to:
Composite parent = new Composite(shell, SWT.NONE);
parent.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, false);
Label label = new Label(parent, SWT.NULL);
label.setText("Hello, world");
Text text = new Text(parent, SWT.BORDER);
text.setLayoutData(new GridData(GridData.FILL_HORIZONTAL | GridData.GRAB_HORIZONTAL));
Data Binding
The DataBinding engine relies on Eclipse DataBinding component. To enable this feature, your project must import at least the following plugins
org.eclipse.swt
org.eclipse.jface
org.eclipse.e4.xwt
org.eclipse.jface.databinding
org.eclipse.core.databinding
org.eclipse.core.databinding.beans
org.eclipse.core.databinding.property
com.ibm.icu
If we bind the text attribute of Label to a property "Name" of a Person, here is the data binding expression:
<Label text="{binding path=Name}"/>
It has the same result as following, but the expression is in pure XML:

<Label>
 <Label.text>
 <Binding path="Name"/>
 </Label.text>
<Label>
The data context of Label should be a person.
JFace integration
The following example shows the JFace direct integration with ListViewer.
We have a Class Company that has a name and a collection of Employee. The company is bound to the root Composite object. The child Text is bound to Name of company and ListViewer to property employees of type Java Collection.

<Composite xmlns="_URL_
 xmlns:x="_URL_
 xmlns:j="clr-namespace:jface.listviewer"
 x:DataContext="{StaticResource myCompany}">
 <Composite.layout>
 <GridLayout numColumns="2"/>
 </Composite.layout>
 <x:Composite.Resources>
 <j:Company x:Key="myCompany" Name="Soyatec">
 <j:Company.employees>
 <j:Employee Name="Thomas"/>
 <j:Employee Name="Jin"/>
 </j:Company.employees>
 </j:Company>
 </x:Composite.Resources>
 <Label text="Name"/>
 <Text text="{Binding Path=Name}"/>
 <ListViewer input="{Binding Path=employees}">
 <ListViewer.contentProvider>
 <j:ContentProvider/>
 </ListViewer.contentProvider>
 <ListViewer.labelProvider>
 <j:LabelProvider/>
 </ListViewer.labelProvider>
 <ListViewer.control.layoutData>
 <GridData horizontalAlignment="FILL"
 grabExcessHorizontalSpace="true"
 horizontalSpan="2"/>
 </ListViewer.control.layoutData>
 </ListViewer>
</Composite>
Features
Extensibility and Re-usability
In case, if you have your own layout named as ui.MyGridLayout, it can be used directly. The code will be:
<Composite xmlns="_URL_
 xmlns:x="_URL_
 xmlns:y="cls-namespace:ui">
 <Composite.layout>
 <y:MyGridLayout numColumns="2"/>
 </Composite.layout>
 <Label text="Hello, world"/>
 <Text x:style="BORDER">
 <Text.layoutData>
 <GridData horizontalAlignment="FILL"
 grabExcessHorizontalSpace="true"/>
 </Text.layoutData>
 </Text>
</Composite>
In the same way, a customized UI component can be used directly:
<Composite xmlns="_URL_
 xmlns:x="_URL_
 xmlns:y="cls-namespace:ui">
 <Composite.layout>
 <GridLayout numColumns="2"/>
 </Composite.layout>
 <y:PersonView />
 <y:PersonView.layoutData>
 <GridData horizontalAlignment="FILL"
 grabExcessHorizontalSpace="true"/>
 </y:PersonView.layoutData>
 </y:PersonView>
</Composite>
Where the ui.PersonView is a UI component developed by two files:
XWT file PersonView.xwt
<Composite xmlns="_URL_
 xmlns:x="_URL_
 x:Class="ui.PersonView"
 xmlns:y="cls-namespace:ui">
 <Composite.layout


text:
A History of French Literature: From Chanson de Geste to Cinema
Copyright © 2002, 2004 by David Coward
Editor(s): David Coward
Published Online: 13 DEC 2007
Print ISBN: 9780631167587
Online ISBN: 9780470753439
About this Book
About The Product
This magnificent volume provides a complete history of the literature of France from its origins to the present day, taking us beyond traditional definitions of 'literature' into the world of the best-seller and, beyond words, to graphic fiction and cinema
- Presents a definitive history of the literature of France from its origins to the present day.
- Incorporates coverage of Francophone writing in Europe, Canada, the West Indies and North and Sub-Saharan Africa.
- Links the development of literature to the mentalities and social conditions which produced it.
- Takes us beyond "literature" to study graphic fiction, cinema and the bestseller.
- Maps the rise of the Intellectual, and in so doing charts a progression from literary doctrine to critical theory.


text:
The Learn the Skills Guarantee™ from Noble Desktop ensures that you will walk away from our classes having learned the skills advertised in the program's syllabus. It's our Money-Back Guarantee that your tuition and commitment earned you a new skill.
How We Guarantee You Learn the Skills
Noble Desktop ensures that you will learn the skills in our courses because we provide the following:
- A hands-on learning experience working on projects and exercises, which is proven to boost comprehension, retention, and engagement
- Expert instructors who are industry professionals and experienced educators that are driven to help you succeed
- Top-notch curricula that have been tried and tested over many cohorts and are consistently improved for an optimal learning experience
- Supplemental materials to assist both during and after the course - please refer to specific course pages to see what supplemental materials are offered
- A 1-year free retake policy which allows students to retake any part of the course or program for free to refresh the materials and gain additional practice
The Learn the Skills Guarantee™ ensures that you will learn at least 80% of the material advertised on the course syllabus if you follow the guidelines below or you'll receive a full refund of your tuition:
- Ensure you meet the prerequisites. If you start a program and realize you don't have the prerequisite knowledge, let us know within the first 25% of the program and we'll switch your registration at no charge
- Attend all classes live (either in-person or online). If you do have to miss a class, you will arrange with us to make up the class materials (each course will be handled on a case-by-case basis)
- Complete required assignments during and outside of class (if required)
- Leverage any resources that are provided to assist with your learning (books, videos, handouts, etc.)
- If necessary, use your free retake to refresh the materials, gain additional practice time, and fill in anything you might have missed prior
If you don't feel comfortable with more than 20% of the material advertised after following all the above guidelines, then you will send us a list of the topics you would like reviewed and we will create a custom learning plan to ensure you learn that information.
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Business Development Bank of Canada - BDC
DEFINITION of 'Business Development Bank of Canada - BDC'
A financial institution that is wholly owned by the government of Canada providing financial and consulting services to small Canadian businesses.
BREAKING DOWN 'Business Development Bank of Canada - BDC'
Although the BDC provides its services to all small business, it focuses on the technology and exporting industries in particular. The BDC's vision as stated on their website is "to make a unique and significant contribution to the success of dynamic and innovative entrepreneurship in Canada."
 1. Investment Bank - IB
 2. Business Model
 3. Private Banking
 Personalized financial and banking services that are traditionally...
 4. Universal Banking
 5. Bank
 6. Retail Banking
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Gluco Neuro Blood Sugar Regulator Review-Healthy Glucose Metabolism.
It helps you to reduce your Diabetes Gluco Neuro Blood Sugar Regulator. In this review check out in Gluco Neuro Blood Sugar Regulator.
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Official Website:
Gluco Neuro Blood Sugar Regulator Review
Gluco Neuro Blood Sugar Regulator Review:
Most people around the world have been tired and stressing, after 35 years, more urination, blurred vision, thirst, dry mouth, hunger, pain in the joints and so on. They also use more energy, more confidence, fewer problems, and less stress. You will be able to travel, have a clear perspective and feel depressed. You have nothing to lose. There are also medicines that can cure health problems and natural food supplements will help solve both problems. It is also possible to prescribe medications to control the level of Gluco Neuro Blood Sugar Regulator. However, there are no drugs that treat both problems together.
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Gluco Neuro is a blood glucose regulator that supports the production of insulin from 100% organic ingredients. It also helps to prevent neuropathies, such as back pain, mobility problems, and deafness. It is an effective formula for controlling natural sugar in the blood. Strengthens muscles and joints reduce pain, helps reduce weight, soften muscles and nerves, improves circulation.
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text:
Of all the Cambridge Platonists, Henry More has attracted the most scholar- ly interest in recent years, as the nature and significance of his contribution to the history of thought has come to be better understood. This revival of interest is in marked contrast to the neglect of More's writings lamented even by his first biographer, Richard Ward, a regret echoed two centuries after his 1 death. Since then such attention as there has been to More has not always served him well. He has been dismissed as credulous on account of his belief in witchcraft while his reputation as the most mystical of the Cambridge 2 school has undermined his reputation as a philosopher. Much of the interest in More in the present century has tended to focus on one particular aspect of his writing. There has been considerable interest in his poems. And he has come to the attention of philosophers thanks to his having corresponded with Descartes. Latterly, however, interest in More has been rekindled by renewed interest in the intellectual history of the seventeenth century and Renaissance.
And More has been studied in the context of seventeenth-cen- tury science and the wider context of seventeenth-century philosophy. Since More is a figure who belongs to the Renaissance tradition of unified sapientia he is not easily compartmentalised in the categories of modern disciplines. Inevitably discussion of anyone aspect of his thought involves other aspects.
'... this collection is strongly recommended to anyone with an interest in seventeenth-century natural philosophy.'
Stephen Gaukroger, University of Sydney
Henry More: a biographical essay.- Henry More and the limits of mechanism.- Henry More and the scientific revolution.- Henry More versus Robert Boyle: the spirit of nature and the nature of providence.- Leibniz and More's Cabbalistic circle.- The spiritualistic cosmologies of Henry More and Anne Conway.- Henry More and witchcraft.- Mysticism and enthusiasm in Henry More.- Henry More and Jacob Boehme.- Appendix: A commendatory poem by Henry More.- Henry More and the Jews.- More, Locke and the issue of liberty.- Reason and toleration: Henry More and Philip van Limborch.- A bibliography of Henry More compiled by Robert Crocker.
Series: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives Inte
Number Of Pages: 254
Published: 30th November 1989
Publisher: SPRINGER VERLAG GMBH
Country of Publication: NL
Dimensions (cm): 23.39 x 15.6
Weight (kg): 0.56


text:
This lesson has been designed to get students to think about key factors that led to medical breakthroughs during the Industrial period. It is designed for the Pearson Edexcel Spec for Medicine in Britain 1250-Present. It also uses pages from the Hodder textbook, but is easily adaptable if using other textbooks or even other specs. This lesson is designed to go at the end of the unit on industrial medicine, before students complete a test.
Suggested use of lesson
Give students a minute to think and discuss how pizza can help us to explain our thinking in history. They usually give some interesting and funny ideas. I often won't reveal how till later.
**Main Activities **
After introducing the lesson, students get an opportunity to do a little bit of recap. I usually get them in pairs and the first students to name all the individuals and their contributions win a prize.
After recap, I will hand out each student an A5 copy of the baskets in preparation for the tasks on slide 5. Pleas see notes on slide 5 regarding page numbers in Hodder textbook and suggested extra-challenge.
Hand out blank pizza slice to each student and have them label and briefly explain their Pizza. Possible opportunity for students to share and compare their thinking.


text:
Honoring scientists for breakthroughs that transform our understanding of the natural world
Established in 2005, The Kavli Prize is a partnership among The Kavli Foundation, The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, and The Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research. The Kavli Prize recognizes breakthroughs in astrophysics, nanoscience and neuroscience — from the discovery of CRISPR-Cas9 to the detection of gravitational waves and more.
Since 2008, in each even calendar year, three $1 million prizes are given to scientists whose research fundamentally transformed the fields of astrophysics, nanoscience and neuroscience, or what our founder coined as "the big, the small and the complex." Fred Kavli believed these prizes to be a great way to honor scientists and recognize outstanding research, while also promoting and celebrating science with the public — inspiring and encouraging their curiosity, and support and appreciation of science.
The Kavli Prize is administered by The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. The Academy approves the laureates based on unanimous recommendations from three Kavli Prize selection committees, one for each scientific field. The committees are comprised of five members each, and the members are nominated by international science academies.
We honor and celebrate our scientists — our Kavli Prize winners — for their work and for their contribution to humanity's splendid journey. The Kavli Prizes are a token of The Kavli Foundation's enduring commitment to science and to our fuller understanding of human beings, nature and the universe.
– Fred Kavli


Livestreaming Mixed Reality with LIV (Dr Doom & Ruu, Cofounder & CTO) - 093
The CEO and CTO of LIV, Dr. Doom and Ruu join us to talk about the past, present, and future of green screen Mixed Reality and livestreaming VR games.
Topics discussed:
- Origins of green screen Mixed Reality - how did it start?
- How is Mixed Reality being today and by whom?
- Discord and the importance of building a community for a product
- GameChanger API : Adding audience interactivity into a streamer's game
- Vtubers and avatar copyright laws
- The state of VR streaming on Twitch


text:
A northern pintail flies above feeding ducks at the Chautauqua National Wildlife Refuge. Photo by Chris Young.
Waterfowl numbers set records
January 02, 2014 at 04:38 PM
Waterfowl migration along the Illinois River was short but intense this fall, with several species of ducks stopping over in record numbers.
The State Journal-Register
At the height of migration, northern pintails, green-winged teal, gadwall and northern shovelers crowded into refuges in the highest numbers recorded in 65 years of aerial surveys.
The Illinois Natural History Survey conducts aerial surveys of 23 sites along the Illinois River and 16 sites on the Mississippi River each week during fall migration. Waterfowl scientist Aaron Yetter conducts the counts.
The survey dates back to 1948, when waterfowl scientist Frank Bellrose started using an airplane to survey ducks and geese.
The survey does not seek to count every duck, but by visiting the same sites each week, scientists can track migration trends and see how well various habitats are supporting migrating birds.
What they saw in the Illinois River Valley this fall was historic.
At migration's peak, 329,590 mallards were counted, the highest number since 1999.
Northern pintails (141,840), green-winged teal (179,620), gadwall (146,300) and northern shovelers (49,060) were present in the highest numbers since the survey began.
"These were the highest peak abundances and use days that we've ever seen here — higher than Frank Bellrose ever saw here, since the beginnings of the survey," said Heath Hagy, director of the Illinois Natural History Survey's Forbes Biological Station. "That's pretty incredible."
Ducks take flight at the Chautauqua National Wildlife Refuge.
The number of "duck use days" may be even more important than the numbers tallied on a particular survey.
"A 'duck use day" is one duck in the area for one day," Hagy said. "We use 'use days' to look at habitat carrying capacity. If you have 1,000 ducks for one day or 100 ducks for 10 days, you get the same amount of use and have to have the same amount of food."
Mallards, for example, racked up 10.6 million "duck use days," the most since 1999.
Total "duck use days" approached 30 million in the Illinois River Valley.
The ducks aren't stopping by just for the scenery. Habitat managers try to foster conditions that allow for the production of wetland vegetation that provides food during migration.
Two summers of drought allowed wetlands to dry out so vegetation could grow and produce seed.
Ducks found plenty of habitat and food available in 2012 and 2013.
Hagy said this year's migration was short, but sweet.
"It was really a truncated migration, at least through this area," he said. "That was quite a bit different than last year.
"This year, we had higher numbers of ducks for a shorter time. Last year we had really great numbers of ducks but they were really spread out."
In 2012, ducks remained in good numbers up until Christmas time.
This fall, freezing conditions sent nearly all the birds south by Thanksgiving.
"During the last two years we had phenomenal numbers of ducks but years looked quite a bit different," Hagy said. "The timing of migration has always been bit different."
With all the ducks that stopped by, the question remains if there is much left on the buffet when birds start their return trip.
The Chautauqua National Wildlife Refuge had plenty of food, but huge numbers of ducks using it. The peak count there was about 250,000 ducks.
"That's a lot of pressure on those resources," Hagy said. "There were a lot of birds grazing it. We certainly hope there is a lot of food left over. That is a big unknown for the spring.
"There will be some decay over the winter, so we won't be sure until we sample in spring to know how much food is out there."
To see the weekly surveys in more detail, visit: _URL_.
Wetlands benefit from drought
Wetlands have to dry out from time to time.
"These backwater lakes, especially the shallow ones that would be considered wetlands, need a draw period down every few years or you really lose the integrity of the system as far as waterfowl and aquatic vegetation is concerned," said Heath Hagy, director of the Forbest Biological Station near Havana. "While the drought was bad for farmers, we saw a great response of aquatic vegetation."
Sediment in those lake bottoms has a chance to solidify during dry condition, improving clarity when water returns.
"Some of these backwater lakes hadn't had clear water in 10 years."
Hennepin and Hopper Lakes in the upper reaches of the Illinois River Valley underwent a restart of sorts to eliminate common carp.
The result was more attractive habitat.
"They were holding 50,000 birds early in season," Hagy said. "They had clear water down to 10 feet in the ditches."
Clear water allows sunlight to penetrate so aquatic vegetation like wild celery – a diving duck favorite – to grow.
"And we had good moist soil plants at Lake Chautauqua," he said. "Those places are really doing a good job."
The South Pool of Lake Chautauqua is drawn down so wetland vegetation can grow in the summer of 2012.


Latest Issue July 2021
CARPology Bait
How to make the 'Brick'
A tactic that has not been employed for a long time...
It's very easy to forget the past when you're always looking to the future for the next big (and new) thing. Many of the tips and tactics from yesteryear can provide a modern-day edge, simply because they have not been employed for so long. 'The Brick' is one very good example of that.
The process of forming The Brick is similar to that of making boilies, only on a different scale. Instead, a larger piece of boilie paste is formed into a brick-like shape and boiled, giving a variety of taste, texture and attraction levels throughout the cross-section and offering you a mass of presentation possibilities and applications. Here's how you make it…
What you need:
Base mix (we're using Urban Bait's Nutcracker)
Liquid attractors (Nutcracker in this case)
Mixing bowl
Cling film
1. Break three eggs into a mixing bowl and add your flavours/liquids.
2. The dry ingredients go in next.
3. Slowly build up what will be a pliable paste – mixing with a fork and then by hand. The finished paste shouldn't be too wet and sticky, but also not too dry and crumbly.
4. Form a couple of compact 'bricks' and wrap in cling film.
5. Boil vigorously for ten minutes.
6. Once boiled, remove the bricks from the water, remove the cling film and place on a towel to dry.
6. The finished brick(s) will regain colour and harden on the outside but retain a softer inner texture. Cut up into squares and soak.


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I have a datastore that is querying a database and outputting JSon... something like this:
$data[] = array('id' => $i, 'prod_id' => $product_id, 'link' => $link);
I'm wondering how you can pass back a link using the $link variable. If I had this for example:
$link = " Clicky ";
The datagrid would display Clicky and not the actual html link... Is there anyway to pass back html?
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2 Answers
I would suggest passing the link URL and the link text separately, then reconstructing them into an anchor link in JavaScript on the client-side.
You could also try escaping the HTML, then unescaping on the client-side.
I have no idea why it won't send linksperhaps the browser is trying to parse the sent HTML too early?
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You can use formatter in dojo grid to format the HTML displayed in each cell. When creating the grid, you can set a formatter for each column. The formatter is a JavaScript function that takes two parameters, the first one value means the value of the cell, the second one rowIndex means the index of current row. The return value of the formatter function is the HTML content displayed in the cell.
For your case, I would suggest that you use a single column for both the link URL and anchor text. You can use a simple encoding, like _URL_$$$Clicky, where $$$ is used to separate these two fields. The PHP code would be:
$link = "_URL_$$$Clicky";
Then in your formatter function, you can use :
function(value, rowIndex) {
 var parts = value.split('$$$');
 return "" + parts[1] + "";
If you prefer to use one column for each field, e.g. url for URL and anchorText for the anchor text. Then you need to get the value of another column when formatting the cell. Suppose the grid uses the url field. Then the formatter function may look like below:
function(value, rowIndex) {
 var item = grid.getItem(rowIndex); // Get the store item by index, need the reference of the grid.
 var anchorText = grid.store.getValue(item, 'anchorText');
 return "" + anchorText + "";
share|improve this answer
Thanks for the awesome explanation. I ended up using the escapeHTMLInData="false", however.. but will keep the formatter function in mind for later! :) – Paul Dec 1 '10 at 22:48
Ah, escapeHTMLInData='false', I didn't know that before. Thanks for the information. :) – Alex Cheng Dec 2 '10 at 9:38
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Your Answer


Entity-Relationship Model
The prior section illustrated the relationships between the data model entities in terms of class inheritance. That perspective reveals how code is shared.
This section documents the direct relationships between data model entities. Depending upon your perspective, you might think of these references as "pointers", "foreign keys", or "references". For example, each document in the CourseInstance collection needs to refer to a specific Academic Term in which the course instance occurs, a specific student who has/is/will be taking the course, and a specific Course. These references are implemented via fields in the CourseInstance document that hold the docID to a document in the other entity's collection. So, each CourseInstance document has the following fields (among others): AcademicTermID, StudentID, and CourseID.
Users and Profiles
One of the more complicated representations in RadGrad is a user. (This is unfortunate, but the following complicated representation is the simplest one we could come up with that works effectively.)
Each user in RadGrad is represented in two ways. The first way is as a document in the Meteor Users collection. Meteor provides a built-in accounts package which we use for authentication and authorization which provides this Users collection. So, in order for someone to be able to login to RadGrad, they must exist as an entry in the Users collection. The Users collection has a very simple representation: each user has a username, which is their email address. In addition, each user has an email field, which is also their email address, and a roles field, which is managed by the standard Roles package.
RadGrad does not augment the documents in the User collection with all of the additional properties we need to know about users. Meteor does not recommend doing this, and after previous experience, we evolved to the current representation in which we keep a separate set of collections to manage the properties associated with users. Each RadGrad user must fall into one of five roles: Student, Faculty, Mentor, Advisor, or Admin. There is a "Profile" collection associated with each of the roles.
Because there are nine properties that every user has (username, firstName, lastName, role, picture, website, interestIDs, careerGoalIDs, and userID), RadGrad provides a class called BaseProfileCollection to manage these properties. This class is not shown in the above diagram. Instead, the four Profiles have the same initial nine properties. The MentorProfile and StudentProfile have some additional properties.
The ERD in the illustration only shows the relationships for the common properties shared across all profiles, i.e. the "base" profile. As you can see, every profile has a link back to the corresponding document in the Users collection for this user, as well as references to their CareerGoals and Interests. To find a profile given only the User document, you must search for the matching username in each of the four Profile collections.
Note: We are removing the Mentor role. Also we are changing the relationship between profiles and interests and career goals. We now have Favorite collections that map a user to an interest or career goal.
Courses
RadGrad represents courses through two entities: Course and CourseInstance.
Course represents academic term and student-independent information about a course.
CourseInstance represents the occurrence of a specific student taking a course for a specific academic term, either in the past, present, or future. If the CourseInstance is in the past, then typically it was created as a result of uploading STAR data, in which case both the fromRegistrar and verified booleans are set to true. A verified CourseInstance means that the student will earn ICE points.
CourseInstances in the present academic term or future academic term are typically created as a result of the student manipulating their degree plan. These CourseInstances have their fromRegistrar and verified booleans set to false.
Opportunities
In RadGrad, extracurricular events and activities are called "Opportunities", and are represented by three entities: Opportunity, OpportunityType, and OpportunityInstance.
OpportunityType specifies the kind of Opportunity: club, event, online course, etc.
Opportunity represents the opportunity "in the abstract", specifying its description, sponsor (i.e the faculty member responsible for managing the description and verifying student participation), the ICE points, the academic terms it might be available, etc.
OpportunityInstance represents an "instantiation" of the Opportunity in a specific academic term for a specific student. It also duplicates the ICE points and the sponsorID from the Opportunity. This enables an instance to depart from its parent Opportunity with respect to these values, and also speeds lookup.
Interests
The primary "connective tissue" in RadGrad is Interests. These are topical areas in the discipline. For computer science, example Interests might be "blockchain", "bioinformatics", "Java", and so forth. Interests are grouped together through the InterestType entity. Example InterestTypes might be "Club", "Research Project", etc.
This diagram indicates that:
 - All Users (represented by FavoriteInterest) have at least one Interest associated with them.
 - All Courses, Opportunities, Career Goals, and Teasers have at least one Interest associated with them.
 - Each Interest is associated with one and only one InterestType.
This representation enables RadGrad to associate entities based on Interests: the system can find Users with similar Interests, recommend Courses to Users based upon matching Interests, and so forth.
Slugs
"Slug" is a term commonly used in web application development to denote a unique string that can be used as part of a URL to identify a domain entity. To facilitate their use in URLs, slugs are generally lower case, and consist only of letters, numbers, and hyphens or underscores. For example, in RadGrad, the slug for the "Software Engineering" Interest might be "software-engineering".
In RadGrad, both slugs and the 14 character MongoDB document IDs uniquely identify documents. However, if you reset and reinitialize a RadGrad database, the document ID will be different, but its slug will stay the same.
Slugs are used heavily in RadGrad when initializing the database from a fixture file in order to represent relationships between different entities without reference to their docID. For example, here is an example invocation of the CareerGoals define method:
CareerGoals.define({ name: 'Database Administrator',
slug: 'database-administrator',
description: 'Wrangler of SQL.',
interests: ['application-development', 'software-engineering', 'databases'],
moreInformation: '_URL_ });
First, you can see that the slug "database-administrator" has been passed into the define method, so that this document can be referred to in future definitions by that string.
Second, the interests field contains an array of three slugs: "application-development", "software-engineering", "databases". Internally, the MongoDB document for this Database Administrator Career Goal will contain the 14 character document IDs for these interests, but we don't need to worry about that in the fixture file: we can just refer to the slugs.
RadGrad does not support forward referencing of Slugs. For example, when the above CareerGoal definition executes, if a Slug is referenced (such as "application-development") that is not defined, then an error is thrown. Thus, the order in which RadGrad data is loaded is important and there can be no circular dependencies among entity definitions.
Slugs form a unique namespace across all entities: you cannot use the same string to denote an Interest Slug and a CareerGoal slug, for example.
Here is an ERD that illustrates which entities use Slugs:
Other entities
There are a variety of other entities that are more peripheral in the data model or have a sufficiently simple structure to not warrant their own section. Here are several of the remaining entities:
 - CareerGoal. Career goals enable RadGrad to identify appropriate combinations of curricular and extracurricular activities to prepare a student for their professional life after graduation.
 - PublicStats. Provides the publically available data shown on the landing page.
 - Review. The review entities manage reviews of courses and opportunities.
 - Teaser. The teaser entities manage the YouTube videos shown in the system.
 - VerificationRequest. Manages the verification requests and responses in the system for opportunities.
Last updated on by Philip Johnson