text:
The Antamina Mining Company (Compania Minera Antamina, or CMA) is the world's 3rd largest producer of zinc, 7th of copper, and the largest combined operation for both minerals. This Peruvian company, whose operations are located between 4,200 and 4,700 m.a.s.l., is a leader in environmental and social responsibility. Although CMA was a fairly new company (the exploration and construction phases of the mining operations took place between 1997 and 2001, the year in which the production phase began), it had to face a series of complex challenges in order to become an economically viable organization that was both socially and environmentally responsible. Meeting these objectives has implied developing institutional capacities (conflict resolution, management of adverse social contexts, multiculturalism, self-learning, and innovation) that normally appear much later in a company's evolution. Shows some of the typical challenges that managers must face when engaging in large-scale initiatives. CMA's executives worked with tight deadlines and in a high-risk context to make quick decisions whose consequences would have long-term implications, since they would determine the type of relations the company would maintain with diverse stakeholders. In order to make these decisions, they had to establish priorities among at least three distinct logics: i) that of construction and production, where tight time limits, engineers' technical criteria, and cost reduction predominate; ii) the environmental logic, where caution predominates along with impact assessment and an active international community of stakeholders; and iii) the community-based logic, where to co-exist with the primarily indigenous and poor peasant families directly affected by the project it is necessary to obtain a so-called "social license". This phase took place in a context in which CMA had the pressing need to secure financing from international banks.
To promote an understanding of the importance of environmental and social issues in the business strategies of multinational companies and show the difficulties that extractive industries face when their activities affect the living conditions of communities in areas where large-scale mineral exploitation takes place. To examine different options and contrast environmental and social demands with the demands of developing a new company in a context of high economic risk.
Environmental protection; Global business; Leadership; Operations management; Social responsibility; Strategy
- Geographic: Peru
- Industry: Chemicals
- Industry: Mining


text:
Abstract: There are several proposed or developed systems to locate faults on power transmission Lines. The conventional systems employ methods that are very different from the proposed one. They are based on transient detection on phase cables and make the measurements only at the edges of the transmission line to estimate the fault position. These systems do not perform well with branched transmission lines because of line reactions at the branching points, and neither with parallel lines because of the mutual coupling of adjacent circuits. Here, we propose a new method to locate faults on transmission towers. Line-to-ground Or line-to-line faults induce voltages, which on partially to ground through the towers. In the towers closest to the fault position, the voltages are greater and this behaviour can be used to locate the fault
Keywords: Sensors; X Bee.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Demonstration of the Functional Principle of a Dot Projector
The dot projector stands as a crucial element powering nowadays face recognition technologies (like Face ID). Typically, this system comprises an array of light-emitting units, lenses, and beam-splitting gratings. Working in conjunction, the lens system and gratings project and replicate the array source pattern multiple times. In this instance, we construct a dot projector system of this kind to showcase its operational principle. With VirtualLab Fusion, we perform both ray and field tracing for the system analysis.
- Use Case (PDF) pdf 04.09.23
- Use Case and sample files in VirtualLab Fusion (ZIP) zip 04.09.23

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Solar System Jigsaw
With engaging images. facts and figures this detailed 500 piece jigsaw puzzle of the Solar System this educational jigsaw is perfect for anybody who likes to test their puzzle skills.
Solar System 500-piece Jigsaw Puzzle
The Puzzlebilities Solar System jigsaw is a fun and educational way for both children and adults to increase their knowledge of our solar system. First, children can put together the 500-piece jigsaw, then they can study the illustrated images and read all the facts.
Complete the puzzle on your own or get together with family and friends for hours of enjoyment!


used by updating Subscribers when connecting to the Publisher.
ReplicationStatusSpecifies the status of a replication agent job.
ReplicationWarningsEnumerates the supported replication threshold monitor warning values.
ResynchronizeTypeEnumerates values that specify the changes to apply when a merge subscription is resynchronized.
RetentionPeriodUnitsEnumerates values that specify the units for the retention period.
ScheduleConstantEnumerates constant values used to set replication schedules.
ScheduleFrequencySubDayEnumerates values that specify a smaller scheduling unit for specific schedule frequencies.
ScheduleFrequencyTypeEnumerates the types of frequencies used when scheduling a replication agent job.
ScheduleRelativeIntervalsEnumerates values that represent the frequency of a replication agent schedule relative to the ScheduleFrequencyType.
ScriptOptionsEnumerates options for generating scripts that are used to create or remove replication objects.
StateEnumerates the values that represent the status of a publication.
SubscriberTypeEnumerates the types of data sources that can be a Subscriber to a publication.
SubscriberUploadOptionsEnumerates merge article options for updates made at a Subscriber with a client subscription.
SubscriptionBackupDeviceTypeEnumerates backup devices that can be used to initialize a subscription.
SubscriptionResultOptionEnumerates options for returning monitored subscriptions.
SubscriptionStateEnumerates options for the status of a subscription.
SubscriptionSyncTypeEnumerates options for how the initial synchronization is performed for a subscription.
TransSubscriberTypeEnumerates the updating behaviors for subscriptions to transactional publications.
ValidationMethodEnumerates methods supported for rowcount validation of transactional publications.
ValidationOptionEnumerates the types of data validation supported by replication.
VerifyResolverSignatureOptionEnumerates values that specify whether the Merge Agent must verify the digital signature on a Component Object Model (COM)-based conflict resolver to determine if it is from a trusted source.
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text:
Effect of Admission of a Partner
Admission of a new partner is a major event in a partnership business. A new admission can take place only with the unanimous consent of all the existing partners. New partners are admitted for several reasons. Additional capital contribution, fresh ideas more contacts etc. are some of the advantages in admitting a new partner.
Following are the most important accounting aspects to be considered at the time of admission of a new partner.
1. Change in profit sharing ratio
2. Accounting treatment of Goodwill
3. Revaluation of assets and liabilities
4 Treatment of reserves and accumulated profits / losses
5. Adjustment of Capital Accounts
1. Change in Profit Sharing Ratio
When a new partner comes into the business, old partner have to adjust his profit share from their portion. Thus change in profit sharing ratio is the first accounting aspect to be considered on admission of a new partner. In academic accounting, change in profit sharing ratio can be presented in various ways:
2. The new partner's share is mentioned without specifying the old partner's profit sharing arrangement.
In this case it is to be assumed that the profit available after paying the new partner?s share is to be divided by the old partners in their old profit sharing ratio. In other words the even though the overall profit sharing ratio changes, the old ratio is still maintained between the old partners, within the new ratio.
3. Revaluation of Assets and Liabilities
Revaluation of assets and liabilities is another major step prior to admission or retirement. Revaluation is important, as there are hidden profits or losses in the difference between book value and actual market value of assets or liabilities. Revaluation is necessary whenever there is a change in profit sharing ratio, even without admission or retirement. The hidden profits or losses should be distributed in the ratio prior to change (Old ratio).
Revised values of assets and liabilities are brought into books by opening a temporary account called?revaluation account?. The purpose of revaluation account is to summarise effect of revaluation of assets and liabilities.
Revaluation account represents the combined capital account of partners. Any gain on revaluation of asset or liabilities, which are to be credited to partners, will be credited in revaluation account. Similarly any loss on revaluation will be debited in revaluation account instead of capital accounts. The revaluation account is closed by transferring its net balance to partner?s capital accounts in the profit sharing ratio.
4. Treatment of Reserves and Accumulated Profits
Accumulated profits such as general reserve, credit balance in profit &loss account etc. will be transferred to the capital accounts of old partners in the old profit sharing ratio. Similarly accumulated losses shall be transferred to the debit side of old partner?s capital accounts. Therefore these items will not appear in the new balance sheet.
5. Adjustment of Capital Accounts
When the partners change their profit sharing ratio at admission, retirement or any other reason, they also rearrange their capital accounts. Capital contribution is not essentially the basis of profit sharing. However the in most partnerships capital contribution is considered as the major factor in determining profit sharing ratio.
At the time of admission, capital contribution will be raised as an important condition. When a new partner is admitted for a certain share of profit for a certain amount of capital contribution he would naturally expect the other also maintain a capital balance matching with their profit share. Admission of a partner is not the only situation when a capital rearrangement is considered. Retirement, death or any other change in profit sharing ratio would prompt rescheduling the capital balances. The basic purpose of following?fixed capital method? is to maintain a steady capital ratio. When capital is readjusted on the basis of new partner?s capital contribution, the first step is to determine the revised capital balances of each partner. Readjustment in capital account is usually done by bringing in or taking out cash. Sometimes, in place of cash transactions, old partners may adjust their capital balances by transferring the excess or deficit in the capital accounts to their current accounts as a temporary measure. Once the capital balances are adjusted current accounts can be settled in due course.
Theory Questions 1. Explain the premium method of treatment of goodwill on admission a new partner. 2. What is sacrificing ratio on admission of a partner? 3. Give two circumstances in which sacrificing ratio must be applied. 4. Why is there a need for revaluation of assets and liabilities of a firm, if there is an admission of a new partner? 5. Explain the treatment of goodwill on admission of a partner. 6. Explain various accounting steps involved in the admission of a new partner. 7. What is meant by super profit in the valuation of goodwill? 8. Explain with reason the treatment of reserves and surplus existing in the books of the firm on admission of a partner.
1. Explain the premium method of treatment of goodwill on admission a new partner.
2. What is sacrificing ratio on admission of a partner?
3. Give two circumstances in which sacrificing ratio must be applied.
4. Why is there a need for revaluation of assets and liabilities of a firm, if there is an admission of a new partner?
5. Explain the treatment of goodwill on admission of a partner.
6. Explain various accounting steps involved in the admission of a new partner.
7. What is meant by super profit in the valuation of goodwill?
8. Explain with reason the treatment of reserves and surplus existing in the books of the firm on admission of a partner.


at what you get.
Let's say you wanted to find all of the actors who directed the movie they acted in. What change would you make to the query? Give it a try and see what happens.
Here's a solution:
MATCH (a:Person)-[:ACTED_IN]->(m)<-[:DIRECTED]-(a)
RETURN, m.title;
We want to say that whoever ACTED_IN the movie, i.e. person (a) also DIRECTED the movie. By putting the same variable name for the far end of the DIRECTED relationship, what we're saying is that the same person must both have acted in and directed that same movie to match the pattern and be included in the record set. I also removed the from the RETURN clause as it wouldn't be a valid reference as there is no "d" in the query any more. Run the query and you'll see it returns a lot less results.
Starting Somewhere
Sometimes you'll want to run a full graph search for use cases like graph wide migrations or exporting all of your data, but most of your queries are likely to be much more constrained. In the case of the movie database, maybe we want to see all of the movies that Tom Hanks has acted in (within the data set). To do that, we need to constrain the property on the actor bind an actor node.
MATCH (tom:Person)-[:ACTED_IN]->(movie)
WHERE = "Tom Hanks"
RETURN movie.title;
In a production environment, you'd create indexes for looking up a nodes by their key properties. Eg. user by their email address or a product by its inventory number, we're creating one index and one constraint for our dataset. With those in place the bound queries are sped up and uniqueness is guaranteed for movies by title (might not reflect reality).
CREATE INDEX ON :Person(name);
CREATE CONSTRAINT ON (m:Movie) ASSERT m.title IS unique;
So if you now run the same query again, it will use the index on :Person(name) to quickly look up the starting point and only traverse in the local neighbourhood. There is also a shortcut notation for these lookups without a WHERE clause.
MATCH (tom:Person {name:"Tom Hanks"})-[:ACTED_IN]->(movie)
RETURN movie.title;
More Complex Queries
There are lots of other things that can be done in Cypher. Aggregate functions allow you to return distinct records, a sum, average, min, max, count or even a collect (which aggregates values into an array or list). For example:
MATCH (a)-[:ACTED_IN]->(m:Movie)<-[:DIRECTED]-(d)
RETURN,, collect(m.title);
This query returns every pair of actors and directors who worked together on a movie and for each pair it returns an array containing all of the titles of the movies that they worked together on.
Figure 5: Tabular Results from a Cypher Query
We can also constrain queries. For example, we can constrain a query by a property of a node or relationship. For example:
MATCH (tom {name:"Tom Hanks"})-[:ACTED_IN]->(movie)
WHERE movie.released < 1992
RETURN movie.title;
This returns all of the titles of the movies that Tom Hanks acted in that were released before 1992. We can also constrain based on comparisons. An example would be:
MATCH (tom {name:"Tom Hanks"})-[:ACTED_IN]->(movie)<-[:ACTED_IN]-(a)
WHERE a.born < tom.born
This returns the names of all of the actor colleagues older than Tom Hanks who have acted in at least one movie with him.
It's even possible to constrain based on patterns. For example:
MATCH (gene {name:"Gene Hackman"})-[:ACTED_IN]->(movie)<-[:ACTED_IN]-(n)
This query returns the names of all of the people who have acted in at least one movie with Gene Hackman but who have also directed at least one movie. Hint. It's "Clint Eastwood"
We've barely scratched the surface of Cypher, but hopefully you're starting to see just how powerful it can be for writing sophisticated graph queries. Cypher also allows you to create and update data in the graph, which we haven't covered here.
If you'd like to find out more, head on over to where there are a range of resources for learning more about implementing graph solutions using Neo4j.
This article covers the first part of the Neo4j online course. For the graph epiphany, read the comprehensive Graph Databases book by Jim Webber and Ian Robinson, which is also available as a free PDF on And last but not least check out how other companies are using Neo4j to create innovative systems.
Peter Bell
CTO/Founder of Speak Geek
Peter is a contract member of the Github training team, and provides enterprise corporate training on a range of NoSQL data stores including Neo4j, as well as lean startup/product and mobile training and consulting to enterprises. He's also the CTO and founder of Speak Geek, which trains business people to more effectively hire and manage development teams.
Updated to Neo4j 2.0 by Michael Hunger
Peter Bell & Michael Hunger
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During Mode III loading, the surfaces of a crack move parallel to each other; friction, abrasion, and mutual support of the contacting parts of the microscopically rough crack faces result. These energy-dissipative processes reduce the effective load at the crack tip, a phenomenon known as "sliding mode crack closure" (SMCC). This effect has been studied by performing crack growth experiments on circumferentially notched specimens of high-strength (AISI 4340) and mild steel (AISI C1018) under pure cyclic torsion and under combined loading (cyclic Mode III + static Mode I). Crack growth rates without the influence of sliding mode crack closure ("true" crack growth rates) can be determined using an extrapolation procedure. These crack growth rates are independent of crack depth, specimen diameter, and loading level and are therefore a material characteristic for Mode III fatigue crack growth. With the aid of the "true" crack growth curve the extent of sliding mode crack closure can be quantitatively determined and the changes in fracture mode explained. By superimposing a static tensile load the sliding mode crack closure is reduced whereas the "true" crack growth rates are only slightly influenced.
fatigue crack growth, Mode III, complex loading, mixed-mode loading, torsional loading, crack closure, fractography
Associate professor, Technical University, Vienna,
Associate professor, University of Vienna, Vienna,


text:
Relax yourself with this coloring page of a strange flower containing a Yin & Yang symbol in its middle
This rocket travels the interstellar space of the galaxy. Color the planets, meteorites, shuttles and stars she meets on her course.
Find inner peace with this coloring page featuring various Zen symbols, including the "Om". "Om" is a sacred sound and a spiritual symbol in Hinduism, that signifies the essence of the ultimate reality, consciousness or Atman. It is a syllable that is chanted either independently or before a mantra in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.
Girl dreaming of a journey in space with her cat. Through the porthole of her shuttle, she sees : a rocket, the moon, the Earth, an asteroid, Saturn, an Astronaut, and pretty bright stars


text:
Also found in: Financial, Idioms.
n. Often Offensive
1. An ineffective or undependable member of a group.
2. A person regarded as timid or indecisive.
informal US a person in a group who is regarded as weak or unreliable
1. a vacillating person; coward.
2. a part or element that undermines the whole of something; weak link.


text:
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ADINA System Crack & Keygen Key Full Version Download:
They are doing. Adina can talk with Nastran encoding in two various methods, and importance and cost-limited element versions in the op2 team. Via the ADINA system ADINA Systemsoftware, it is feasible to address constructions and heat problems, determine flow amount, and electrostatic and multiple-physical ruse.
The ADINA System Keygen Key is a comprehensive multipurpose program for the analysis and analysis of finite elements, structures, and fluid and fluid flows in an interactive structure and simulation. The ADINA system can also be used to analyze multiphysics problems such as the interaction of fluids, solids, thermomechanical structures, and some nonlinear analytical problems.
Execution of the system in the improvement or creation of an item is the greatest remedy to decrease the price of generating representative ADINA System Crack models and decrease the period of their screening. The software's variety of evaluates varies from resolving simple strength equations, heat move, and liquid flow issues to resolving bodily equations.
ADINA System Crack & Product Key Full Version Download:
ADINA System Product Key (Automatic Dynamic Incremental Dynamic Analysis) – is a flexible program that works on the basis of the finite element method used in the engineering of linear and non-linear calculations. Applying the program to the development or production of a product is the best solution to reduce prototyping costs and shorten test time.
ADINA System Crack is one of the most comprehensive and reliable engineering simulation software out there. The Adina system is derived from word descriptors and stepwise dynamic nonlinear analysis. It refers to the non-linear, dynamic, enzymatic, intelligent and automatic analysis of this program in the analysis of topics related to structures, fluids, heat transfer and electromagnetism. In general, this software is used for the simulation and analysis of all finite structures.
The ADINA System Product Key program's scope of analysis ranges from solving simple structural equations, heat transfer and fluid flow problems to solving physical equations. With the ADINA System software, it is possible to deal with structural and temperature problems.
The ruse of piezoelectric components
Fluid Framework effort and comfortable liquid framework coupling.
The potential to smartly analyze sporadic factors.
Product decrease plans like substructuring, element mode activity, and common components.
Evaluation of issues, issues with h2o and heat
Resolve sophisticated equations with several physics.
Assessment of warmness shift and compressible/incompressible fluid channels.
Illustrations of institutions and businesses.
Believe basic heal shift and multiphysics are crucial considering.
Reliable and powerful engineering simulation application which performs in-depth analysis for finite elements, structures, and fluid flow in an interactive and simulated structure.
Comes packed with extensive solvers based on finite element methods using engineering linear and non-linear calculations.
Enables the engineers to process complex dynamic analysis of various projects such as in case of an earthquake, biomedical applications, and more.
Provides the engineers with a wide range of innovative tools and features that can incredibly reduce sample creation costs and shorten the testing time.
Offers a perfect solution for design safety and the best structure.
Allows the engineers to solve temperate, structural, design errors, problems, and issues.
Analyze multiphysics problems such as the interaction of fluids and solids and thermo-mechanical structures and some nonlinear analytical problems.
Let's discuss the structure and temperature of the subjects, determine the volume and flow of electricity, as well as the size of the body.
Comes in handy for analyzing the model designs by different aspects such as it can collapse or can be dangerous.
Perform multi-physical and electrostatic simulation to test the model design for catastrophic events and make sure the design stays intact.
Uses modern mathematical methods that allow you to base the ADINA program on other programs.
Ability to establish two-way communication with Nastran software to import and export finite element models in op2 format.
What's New In ADINA System Crack:
Analysis of thermoelectric and electrical connections.
The presence of structural pressure and perforated material is ruled out
There is a lot of engineering involved in this.
A substance that has piezoelectric properties.
Before you download ADINA System 9.3.2, ensure that your framework meets the given prerequisites.
Working System: Windows 10/8/7
Free Hard Disk Space: 1 GB of least free HDD
Introduced Memory: 1 GB of least RAM
Processor: Intel Dual Core Processor or higher
How To Install ADINA System Crack:
Simple, Download the ADINA System Full Crack File.
After installation, this software is completely working.


PC 7.05 Density Sorting
Please sign up for the course before starting the lesson.
In the early 1930s, Oliver Steel began to produce a machine that became widely known as an Oliver table. This machine has been widely reproduced, and the technology has become a key piece of equipment, helping to ensure that the only thing that leaves a dry mill is coffee beans. These machines are used around the word for many different kinds of grains.The machine controls the following variables:

Feeding rate: how many beans cover the table at any given point
Longitudinal slope: how steeply the table is angled downwards towards the exit
Transversal slope: how steeply the table banked sideways, a bit like a cycling track
Air pressure: velocity of the air coming up from many small holes beneath the layer of beans
Intensity of vibration: the variable rate at which the surface of the table vibrates
Back to: Processing > Dry Milling
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make sense to unit test database calls.
You should, however, integration test database calls (and you can use the same tools you use for unit testing if you want).
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On JDBC based project, JDBC connection can be mocked, so that tests can be executed without live RDBMS, with each test case isolated (no data conflict).
It allow to verify, persistence code passes proper queries/parameters (e.g. _URL_ and handle JDBC results (parsing/mapping) as expected ("takes in all the necessary bits and pieces to extract some data from the database, and returns the data in a DataTable object").
Framework like jOOQ or Acolyte can be used for: _URL_
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text:
READING, Pa., April 12, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- EnerSys (NYSE: ENS)
EnerSys®, the global leader in stored energy solutions for industrial applications, has been awarded the Better Practice Award from the U.S. Department of Energy Better Plants Program for the implementation of the EnerSys Operating System (EOS) Lean Management program.
The EOS program is a Lean Management initiative designed to identify, reduce, or eliminate waste within EnerSys's operations. The program was implemented using a framework for continuous improvement to do the right things for its employees, customers and shareholders.
By using the EOS program, EnerSys plants across the globe have been able to more efficiently implement safety, health, environmental, quality and sustainability improvements, including scrap, water and gas reductions, energy savings and more.
The Better Practice Award is given annually to partners of the Better Plants Initiative who demonstrate innovative and industry-leading accomplishments in decarbonization, energy and water efficiency, or waste reduction. The award recognizes partners for implementing and promoting practices, principles, and procedures broadly within a portfolio or series of buildings or plants.
The award criteria include magnitude, replicability, innovation, and additional program benefits, such as the impact on occupant health and wellness, workforce development, diversity, equity, and inclusion, community engagement, and benefits to underserved communities.
"EnerSys is proud to be recognized for our EOS Lean Management program," said Patrice Baumann, Senior Vice President of Global Operations and Supply Chain. "Our program has created a culture of continuous improvement and waste reduction that has had a significant positive impact on our organization. We are grateful for this recognition and will continue to strive for excellence in all that we do."
The Better Buildings Initiative is a program of the U.S. Department of Energy that works with partners to promote energy efficiency in buildings and industrial facilities. The Better Practice Awards are an important part of the initiative, recognizing partners who demonstrate leadership and innovation in energy efficiency and sustainability.
"Partners in the Better Plants Challenge are sharing their success and innovation to accelerate their energy efficiency. The Better Practice awards highlight unique efforts to make meaningful headway in reducing energy, water, waste and greenhouse gas emissions," said Carolyn Snyder, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency at the U.S. Department of Energy.
For more information about the innovative EOS Lean Management program and related projects, visit our Sustainability Webpage.
EnerSys, the global leader in stored energy solutions for industrial applications, manufactures and distributes energy systems solutions and motive power batteries, specialty batteries, battery chargers, power equipment, battery accessories and outdoor equipment enclosure solutions to customers worldwide. Energy Systems, which combine enclosures, power conversion, power distribution and energy storage, are used in the telecommunication, broadband and utility industries, uninterruptible power supplies, and numerous applications requiring stored energy solutions. Motive power batteries and chargers are utilized in electric forklift trucks and other industrial electric powered vehicles. Specialty batteries are used in aerospace and defense applications, large over-the-road trucks, premium automotive, medical and security systems applications. EnerSys also provides aftermarket and customer support services to its customers in over 100 countries through its sales and manufacturing locations around the world. With the NorthStar acquisition, EnerSys has solidified its position as the market leader for premium Thin Plate Pure Lead batteries which are sold across all three lines of business. More information regarding EnerSys can be found at _URL_.
Sustainability at EnerSys is about more than just the benefits and impacts of our products. Our commitment to sustainability encompasses many important environmental, social and governance issues. Sustainability is a fundamental part of how we manage our own operations. Minimizing our environmental footprint is a priority. Sustainability is our commitment to our employees, our customers and the communities we serve. Our products facilitate positive environmental, social and economic impacts around the world. To learn more visit: _URL_
Caution Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
This press release, and oral statements made regarding the subjects of this release, contains forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, or the Reform Act, which may include, but are not limited to, statements regarding EnerSys' projections, plans, objectives, expectations and intentions to reduce emissions and emissions intensity, the development of future technologies, business plans, and other statements contained in this press release that are not historical facts, including statements identified by words such as "believe," "plan," "seek," "expect," "intend," "estimate," "anticipate," "will," and similar expressions. All statements addressing operating performance, events, or developments that EnerSys expects or anticipates will occur in the future, including statements relating to the Company's goals of achieving Scope 1 greenhouse gas neutrality by 2040 and Scope 2 neutrality by 2050, as well as statements expressing optimism or pessimism about such plans are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Reform Act. The forward-looking statements are based on management's current views and assumptions regarding future events and operating performance, and are inherently subject to significant business, economic, and competitive uncertainties and contingencies and changes in circumstances, many of which are beyond the Company's control. The statements in this press release are made as of the date of this press release, even if subsequently made available by EnerSys on its website or otherwise. EnerSys does not undertake any obligation to update or revise these statements to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this press release.
Although EnerSys does not make forward-looking statements unless it believes it has a reasonable basis for doing so, EnerSys cannot guarantee their accuracy. The foregoing factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in these forward-looking statements. For a list of other factors which could affect EnerSys' results, including earnings estimates, see EnerSys' filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," and "Forward-Looking Statements," set forth in EnerSys' Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022. No undue reliance should be placed on any forward-looking statements.
Investor Relations and Financial Media


<typename T>
class List {
 // ...
};
The most natural way to define the equality operator is as a non-member function at namespace scope (and since compilers at the time didn't support namespaces, therefore at global scope). Defining operator== as a non-member function means that the two arguments are treated symmetrically, which doesn't happen if one argument is a this pointer to the object. Such an equality operator might look like this:
template<typename T>
bool operator==(List<T> const & lft, List<T> const & rgt) {
 //...
}
However, since function templates couldn't be overloaded at the time, and since putting the function in its own namespace wouldn't work on all platforms, this would mean that only one class could have such an equality operator. Doing the same thing for a second type would cause an ambiguity.
Solution and Sample Code
The solution works by defining an operator in the class as a friend function:
template<typename T>
class List {
 public:
 friend bool operator==(const List<T> & lft,
 const List<T> & rgt) {
 // ...
 }
};
Instantiating the template now causes a non-template function to be injected into global scope with the argument types being concrete, fixed types. This non-template function can be selected through function overload resolution the same way as any other non-template function.
The implementation can be generalised by providing the friend functions as part of a base class that is inherited from via the Curiously Recurring Template Pattern:
template<typename T>
class EqualityComparable {
public:
 friend bool operator==(const T & lft, const T & rgt) { return lft.equalTo(rgt); }
 friend bool operator!=(const T & lft, const T & rgt) { return !lft.equalTo(rgt); }
};
class ValueType :
 private EqualityComparable<ValueType> {
 public:
 bool equalTo(const ValueType & other) const;
};
Known Uses
Related Idioms
References
Base-from-Member
Intent
To initialize a base class from a data-member of the derived class.
Also Known As
Motivation
In C++, base classes are initialized before any member of the derived classes. The reason for this is that members of a derived class may use base part of the object. Therefore, all the base parts (i.e., all the base classes) must be initialized before members of the derived class. Sometimes, however, it becomes necessary to initialize a base class from a data member that is available only in the derived class. It sounds contradictory to the rules of C++ language because the parameter (a member of derived class) that is passed to the base class constructor must be fully initialized. This creates circular initialization problem (an infinite regress).
The following code, obtained from Boost[1] library, shows the problem.
#include <streambuf> // for std::streambuf
#include <ostream> // for std::ostream
namespace std {
 class streambuf;
 class ostream {
 explicit ostream(std::streambuf * buf);
 //...
 };
}
class fdoutbuf // A customization of streambuf
 : public std::streambuf
{
public:
 explicit fdoutbuf( int fd );
 //...
};
class fdostream
 : public std::ostream
{
protected:
 fdoutbuf buf;
public:
 explicit fdostream( int fd )
 : buf( fd ), std::ostream( &buf )
 // This is not allowed: buf can't be initialized before std::ostream.
 // std::ostream needs a std::streambuf object defined inside fdoutbuf.
 {}
};
The above code snippet shows a case where the programmer is interested in customizing the std::streambuf class. He/she does so in fdoutbuf by inheriting from std::streambuf. The fdoutbuf class is used as a member in fdostream class, which is-a kind of std::ostream. The std::ostream class, however, needs a pointer to a std::streambuf class, or its derived class. The type of pointer to buf is suitable but passing it makes sense only if buf is initialized. However, it won't be initialized unless all base classes are initialized. Hence the infinite regress. The base-from-member idiom addresses this problem.
Solution and Sample Code
This idiom makes use of the fact that base classes are initialized in the order they are declared. The derived class controls the order of its base classes, and in turn, controls the order in which they are initialized. In this idiom, a new class is added just to initialize the member in the derived class that is causing the problem. This new class is introduced in the base-class-list before all other base classes. Because the new class comes before the base class that needs the fully constructed parameter, it is initialized first and then the reference can be passed as usual. Here is the solution using base-from-member idiom.
#include <streambuf> // for std::streambuf
#include <ostream> // for std::ostream
class fdoutbuf
 : public std::streambuf
{
public:
 explicit fdoutbuf(int fd);
 //...
};
struct fdostream_pbase // A newly introduced class
{
 fdoutbuf sbuffer; // The member moved 'up' the hierarchy.
 explicit fdostream_pbase(int fd)
 : sbuffer(fd)
 {}
};
class fdostream
 : protected fdostream_pbase // This class will be initialized before the next one.
 , public std::ostream
{
public:
 explicit fdostream(int fd)
 : fdostream_pbase(fd), // Initialize the newly added base before std::ostream.
 std::ostream(&sbuffer) // Now safe to pass the pointer
 {}
 //...
};
int main(void)
{
 fdostream standard_out(1);
 standard_out << "Hello, World\n";
 return 0;
}
The fdostream_pbase class is the newly introduced class that now has the sbuffer member. The fdostream class inherits from this new class and adds it before std::ostream in its base class list. This ensures that sbuffer is initialized before and the pointer can be passed safely to the std::ostream constructor.
Known Uses
Related Idioms
References
 1. Boost Utility _URL_
Boost mutant
Intent
Reverse a pair of plain old data (POD) types without physically reorganizing or copying the data items.
Also Known As
Motivation
The need of this idiom is best motivated using the Boost.Bimap data structure. Boost.Bimap is a bidirectional maps library for C++. In bimap<X,Y>, values of types X and Y both can serve as keys. The implementation of such a data structure can be optimized using the boost mutant idiom.
Solution and Sample Code
Boost mutant idiom makes use of reinterpret_cast and depends heavily on assumption that the memory layouts of two different structures with identical data members (types and order) are interchangeable. Although the C++ standard does not guarantee this property, virtually all the compilers satisfy it. Moreover, the mutant idiom is standard if only POD types are used.[1] The following example shows how boost mutant idiom works.
template <class Pair>
struct Reverse
{
 typedef typename Pair::first_type second_type;
 typedef typename Pair::second_type first_type;
 second_type second;
 first_type first;
};
template <class Pair>
Reverse<Pair> & mutate(Pair & p)
{
 return reinterpret_cast<Reverse<Pair> &>(p);
}
int main(void)
{
 std::pair<double, int> p(1.34, 5);
 std::cout << "p.first = " << p.first << ", p.second = " << p.second << std::endl;
 std::cout << "mutate(p).first = " << mutate(p).first << ", mutate(p).second = " << mutate(p).second << std::endl;
}
Given a std::pair<X,Y> object of POD data members only, the layout of the Reverse<std::pair<X,Y>> is identical to that of pair's on most compilers. The


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Grape (Vitis)
Color of berry skin Blanc
Species Vitis vinifera
Also called See list of synonyms
Origin France
Notable regions Australia, South Africa
Crouchen is a white South African and Australian wine grape variety that originated in the western Pyrenees of France but is now virtually extinct in France due to its high susceptibility to fungal diseases like powdery and downy mildew. The grape is known under a wide variety of synonyms including Clare Riesling and Cape Riesling though it is not related to the well known international variety Riesling.[1] Recent European Union regulation aimed at standardizing wine labelling laws has encouraged wineries to move away from these synonyms but their use still persists.[2]
Records indicate that Crouchen was first shipped from France to the Clare Valley of South Australia in 1850. From there the grape became misidentified as both Semillon and Riesling before eventually being considered by the Australians to be a new variety known as Clare Riesling. In 1976 ampelographer Paul Truel positively identified the vines growing in Australia as the French variety Crouchen.[1]
Wine regions[edit]
In the early 1990s there over 1000 acres (420 hectares) of Crouchen growing throughout Australia but its numbers have been steadily declining over the past few decades.[3] Here is it is primarily used as a blending variety to enhance the aromas of white wines.[1]
It is still widely grown in South Africa, accounting for almost 3% of all of South Africa's vineyards, with more than 7900 acres (3200 ha) planted mostly in the Paarl and Stellenbosch regions.[3] Here the variety is known as Cape Riesling but is often simply called Riesling as opposed to the German wine grape Riesling that is known in South Africa as Weisser or White Riesling. Wine expert Jancis Robinson notes that some examples of Cape Riesling do have the potential to age and improve in the bottle.[1] Oz Clarke notes that some the best examples of Crouchen can be "fairly steely".[3]
Crouchen is also known under the synonyms Basque, Cape Riesling, Cheri Cerratia, Clare Riesling, Cougnet, Crochenta, Crouchen Blanc, Cruchen, Cruchen Blanc, Cruchenta, Cruchenton Blanc, Grand Blanc, Kaapse Riesling, Messanges Blanc, Navarre Blanc, Paarl Riesling, Riesling, Riesling Vert, S. A. Riesling, Sable Blanc, Sales Blanc, Trouchet Blanc, and Zurizerratia.[4]
 1. ^ a b c d J. Robinson Jancis Robinson's Guide to Wine Grapes pg 53 Oxford University Press 1996 ISBN 0-19-860098-4
 2. ^ T. Stevenson The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia Fifth Edition pg 51 Dorling Kindersley (2011) ISBN 9780756686840
 3. ^ a b c Oz Clarke Encyclopedia of Grapes pg 85 Harcourt Books 2001 ISBN 0-15-100714-4
 4. ^ Crouchen, Vitis International Variety Catalogue, accessed 2010-07-14


text:
|OS:||Linux, Mac OS X, Windows|
log2timeline is designed as a framework for artifact timeline creation and analysis. The main purpose is to provide a single tool to parse various log files and artifacts found on suspect systems (and supporting systems, such as network equipment) and produce a body file that can be used to create a timeline, using tools such as mactime from TSK, for forensic investigators.
The tool is written in Perl for Linux but has been tested using Mac OS X (10.5.7 and 10.5.8). Parts of it should work natively in Windows as well (with ActiveState Perl installed).
log2timeline takes a log file (or a directory) and parses it to produce a body file that can be imported into other tools for timeline analysis. The tool has both a modular based approach to the input file as well as the output file. The default behavior of the current version is to export the timeline in a body format readable by TSK's (The SleuthKit) mactime (although this can be easily changed). log2timeline is build as a series of scripts, this one being the front-end, which uses other scripts to actually parse the log files (called modules). The tool is build to be easily extended for anyone that wants to create a new module.
The tool contains (current version of 0.51 nightly build (20102608)) three front-ends:
- log2timeline - The main front-end. A tool capable of parsing a single log file/directory pointed to the tool using a selected input module.
- timescanner - A recursive front-end capable of parsing a directory passed to the tool and recursively go through each and every file/dir and try to parse it with every or selected input modules (to provide an automatic method of creating a super timeline).
- glog2timeline - A simple GUI front-end, with similar capabilities as log2timeline (the main front-end)
Currently Supported Input Modules
The currently supported input modules (as of version 0.51 nightly build (20102608)) are:
- apache2_access - Parse the content of a Apache2 access log file
- apache2_error - Parse the content of a Apache2 error log file
- chrome - Parse the content of a Chrome history file
- evt - Parse the content of a Windows 2k/XP/2k3 Event Log
- evtx - Parse the content of a Windows XML Event Log (EVTX) file
- exif - Extract metadata information from files using ExifTool
- ff_bookmark - Parse the content of a Firefox bookmark file
- firefox2 - Parse the content of a Firefox 2 browser history
- firefox3 - Parse the content of a Firefox 3 history file
- iehistory - Parse the content of an index.dat file containg IE history
- iis - Parse the content of a IIS W3C log file
- isatxt - Parse the content of a ISA text export log file
- mactime - Parse the content of a body file in the mactime format
- mcafee - Parse the content of a log file
- opera - Parse the content of an Opera's global history file
- oxml - Parse the content of an OpenXML document (Office 2007 documents)
- pcap - Parse the content of a PCAP file
- pdf - Parse some of the available PDF document metadata
- prefetch - Parse the content of the Prefetch directory
- recycler - Parse the content of the recycle bin directory
- restore - Parse the content of the restore point directory
- setupapi - Parse the content of the SetupAPI log file in Windows XP
- sol - Parse the content of a.sol (LSO) or a Flash cookie file
- squid - Parse the content of a Squid access log (http_emulate off)
- syslog - Parse the content of a Linux Syslog log file
- tln - Parse the content of a body file in the TLN format
- userassist - Parses the NTUSER.DAT registry file
- volatility - Parse the content of a Volatility output files (psscan2, sockscan2,...)
- win_link - Parse the content of a Windows shortcut file (or a link file)
- wmiprov - Parse the content of the wmiprov log file
- xpfirewall - Parse the content of a XP Firewall log
Currently Supported Output Modules
The currently supported output modules (as of version 0.51 nightly build (20102608)) are:
- beedocs - Output timeline using tab-delimited file to import into BeeDocs
- cef - Output timeline using the ArcSight Commen Event Format (CEF)
- cftl - Output timeline in a XML format that can be read by CFTL
- csv - Output timeline using CSV (Comma Separated Value) file
- mactime - Output timeline using mactime format
- mactime_l - Output timeline using legacy version of the mactime format (version 1.x and 2.x)
- simile - Output timeline in a XML format that can be read by a SIMILE widget
- sqlite - Output timeline into a SQLite database
- tab - Output timeline using TDV (Tab Delimited Value) file
- tln - Output timeline using H. Carvey's TLN format
- tlnx - Output timeline using H. Carvey's TLN format in XML
Plaso - The next generation
Version 0.x Log2timeline has been extremely useful but it was written in Perl and has performance limitations. A major effort to re-write it in Python is underway and alpha releases have been released.
For version 1.x the plaso engine has been created and front-ends have been written. The CLI frontends include log2timeline.py and psort.py. A gui front-end is provided by 4n6time.


Expected Life of Pulse Discharge Capacitors
Pulse discharge operation, particularly with underdamped (ringing) discharges, places large internal stresses on components. Empirical expressions have been developed to predict the life of a pulse discharge capacitor under conditions other than the nominal design. For instance, in an article by K. Salisbury, S. Lloyd, and Y.G. Chen at Maxwell Laboratories, "A transportable 50 KA Dual Mode Lightning Simulator", the following equation is given.
Lx = Lref * (Qref/Qx)^1.6 * (Vref/Vx)^7.5
x subscript refers to the application
ref subscript refers to the reference data
L is the expected life (in shots),
Q is the discharge waveform Q
V is the capacitor charge voltage.
Note that capacitor voltage is the most important life determinant, with a 7.5 exponent. A little reduction in voltage leads to a huge increase in life.
Voltage reversal also has a significant impact. When the voltage reverses, the mechanical stresses on the capacitor are quite high.
Application Example
For instance, a Maxwell type 31162, is rated at 100,000 shots at 75 kV with 20% VR. (20% VR is Q = 1.4)
Now, we want to know the life in a Tesla coil at 90% reversal (a Q of 15) and a peak voltage of 42 kV. Applying the above formula:
Lx = 1E5 * ( 1.4/15)^1.6 * (75/42)^7.5 = 1E5 *.0225 * 77.37 = 1.74E5 shots.
reducing the voltage to 30 kV would increase the life by (42/30)^7.5 or 12.5 times.
If this were in a Tesla coil at 120 bps, at 42 kV, it would survive (90% probability) about 24 minutes of run time. Reducing the voltage to 30 kV would increase the life to 300 minutes, or 5 hours. Reducing the peak voltage to 20 kV is even more effective, increasing the life to 100 hours. Killing the Q down to 10 would increase the life by (15/10)^1.6 some 90 percent.
Capacitors rated for high repetition rates are necessarily overdesigned. Comparing two units from Maxwell Labs:
If the high reprate capacitor (with a 1000 times the life) were scaled to the capacity of the low rep rate unit, it would be about 5 times the size of the low rep rate unit. A life factor of 1000 can be achieved by increasing the rated voltage by about 2.5 times. This would require about 6.25 times the total capacitance arranged in a series parallel configuration, which correlates well with the physical size increase factor of 5.
Q and Voltage Reversal
(these need to be verified, particularly at low Q's)
Q or voltage reversal (VR) may be computed from each other by:
Q = sqrt( 1 + 1 /( 2 /pi*ln(VR))^2)
VR = exp( - pi/2 * sqrt(1/(q^2-1)))
where VR is the voltage reversal expressed as a fraction (i.e. 0


text:
Vam is a single cell that supplies Phosphorus and micro nutrients viz. Co., Mb, Cu, Fe, and Zn to the plant. It increases plants' disease and drought resistance. Vam can be consumed by the plant through the root system only.
VAM also imparts resistance to the plants against soil borne fungal pathogens and nematodes.
In addition makes to be had micronutrients to the plants.
VAM also imparts drought tolerance to the plants as the fungal hyphae functions.
The extended root system to milk greater volume of soil for water and nutrients
The Green VAM fungi grows in close relation to the roots and increases the quantity of soil phosphorous around it. This makes the plants grow healthier and disease free.
In this case, bacteria or virus infect the spurious pest by rupturing its skin or attacking its nervous system, which ultimately kills the pest.
- Vam fungi: due to multi-strain concept, the use of chemical fertilizers can be reduced by 30 to 50%, while increasing the yield by 10 to 20%.
- Bio-pesticides: multi-strain concept along with N.P.V. virus
- Environment friendly products, reduce use of chemicals in agriculture. Bio-fertilizers provide disease-free and healthy


Derek Sivers
Projecting meaning
Projecting meaning into Chinese characters
Chinese characters look complicated, but they're mostly made up of smaller simpler characters.
I love learning these because every character is like a tiny poem.
language = words 讠+ five 五+ mouth 口
So a language is words that five mouths speak? Brilliant!
thanks = words 讠+ body 身+ inch 寸
Hmmm... so.... when you say thanks, you speak words that give a body an inch of space? Interesting.
name = evening 夕 + mouth 口
So your real name is what's spoken by a mouth in the evening? That's kind of romantic.
They're so vivid. I try to imagine the historical or cultural meaning behind each one.
Projecting meaning into Talking Heads lyrics
Talking Heads were a great band from the late-70s to mid-80s. Their lyrics were really evocative and mysterious. Specific but vague. Made you wonder what they were really about.
Here's an example:
Watch out - you might get what you're after
Cool babies - strange but not a stranger
I'm an ordinary guy
Burning down the house
Everything's stuck together
I don't know what you expect staring into the TV set
Fighting fire with fire
All wet - hey you might need a raincoat
Shakedown - dreams walking in broad daylight
Three hundred sixty five degrees
Burning down the house
I read an interview with David Byrne from the Talking Heads who said that many of their lyrics were just random. Literally!
They would write evocative phrases onto little pieces of paper, then throw them into a bowl, and shuffle them up. Then they'd pull them out in random order, and put them into the song in that order. They did this because they liked how the listener creates meaning that wasn't intended.
Hearing one phrase next to another makes you assume they're connected in a meaningful way. But nope. It was just random. You made that meaning yourself.
Back to Chinese.
I have a Chinese dictionary called Wenlin that tells the history behind every character.
I looked up,, and the rest, and found that those characters are just phonetic. Those composite character bits were not chosen for their meaning, just their sound.
So... it seems I've just been putting the meanings into them, myself. They actually had no meaning.
But even knowing that, I choose to keep doing it. It's poetic. It's beautiful.
Projecting meaning into everything?
How many other things in life really have no meaning?
She was born April 12. He was born September 22. What does it mean?
One day you ride your bike instead of taking the bus. That day your usual bus gets into a big accident. What does it mean?
Black cat crosses your path as you walk under a ladder on Friday the 13th. What does it mean?
Nothing at all.
Nothing has inherent meaning. It is what it is and that's it.
We just choose to project meaning onto things. It feels good.
Even if presented with proof that it's totally random or neutral, we decide it has meaning anyway. It makes life more poetic and beautiful.
(And what if you've projected some bad meaning onto something, and it's getting you down? Don't forget that none of it is true. You're the one that put the meaning into it. You can just as easily take all the meaning out of it.)
P.S. Appropriate video: "Double rainbow! What does it mean?" smile


text:
Why Does It Feel So Cold When You Step Out of the Shower?
Waking up is hard, but for some of us, getting out of the shower in the morning is harder. Things are dandy at first: You step into the basin and happily roast under a steamy blanket of hot water. But then you shut off the shower faucet, open the curtain, and whoosh! You're a human popsicle. Why does stepping out from a warm shower make your bathroom feel like Antarctica?
The answer is evaporation. When you step off the bathmat, the water clinging to your skin starts to evaporate. But to change into a gas, that water needs help—namely, it needs heat energy. It acquires that energy by sapping heat from your surroundings. In the case of your morning shower, the evaporating water sucks up heat energy from the droplets that stay clinging to your body. The result? The water on your body cools—and so do you. (The water glistening on your skin isn't the only thing that gets icy. Evaporation also absorbs heat from your skin, making you shiver even more!)
Evaporative cooling may be annoying when you take a wintertime shower, but it's handy during the stifling summer days. It's what makes sweat—your body's cooling mechanism—work. Of course, sweat doesn't always cool you down; it can be useless on a muggy afternoon. The air is so saturated with water that your sweat can't evaporate, leaving you hot and soggy.
Which explains why stepping out of the shower can be such a jolt. The cocoon behind the curtain traps a lot of water vapor, keeping the air in the shower moist and warm. But the air outside the curtain isn't as humid. So when you step out of the shower, you enter an environment primed to make the water on your skin evaporate quickly. Add in the fact that warm water evaporates faster, and your bathroom can feel like an icebox.


text:
You are invited to propose a paper for the ICE themed issue of Municipal Engineer journal on Shared Spaces.
Increasingly, shared spaces are used in our urban design, with a range of different acceptance and success resulting in significant public interest. The Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) are particularly interested in papers that explore the impact of different approaches to street design and management, including shared space, on all times of day and weather and all functions (including waste collection, trees, utilities, lighting, car parking etc.)
This themed issue aims to explore and assess the comparative advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to street design and offer ideas as to how improvements can be made. Full details are provided below.
To learn more about the themed issue and for a list of topics, please download the Call for Papers. For more information on the journal, please visit the website.


text:
Click Here for Menu
Encouraging conservation-based planning in the transboundary watersheds of southeast Alaska and northwest British Columbia.
Rivers Without Borders Canada works with communities, scientists, First Nations, conservation allies, and others to encourage the adoption of long-term ecosystem-based planning to protect the extraordinary wildlife and marine habitat and cultural values of the transboundary watersheds of southeast Alaska and northwest British Columbia.
We promote a watershed-based conservation vision for an ecologically-rich region that virtually defines the essence of North American wilderness, and represents one of the continent's best conservation opportunities.
See why people support Rivers Without Borders
By working directly with First Nations like the Taku River Tlingit and other northern partners, Rivers Without Borders Canada is part of a vital movement towards sustainable northern communities.


text:
The Andalusian Foundation for Aerospace Development (FADA), is a non-profit organization, established in January 2007, whose purpose is the impulse, development and promotion of R&D likely encourage the economic growth of the aerospace sector in Andalusia and promote the generation and exploitation of new knowledge and technologies.
Therefore FADA, manages the Center for Advanced Aerospace Technologies (CATEC) and its associated technology infrastructure, called ATLAS, which will be soon a laboratory for flight testing of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS).
Agencia de Innovación y Desarrollo de Andalucía (IDEA)
- ANDALUSIAN INNOVATION AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY (IDEA)
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY (INTA)
- UNIVERSITY OF SEVILLE
Board of Directors


text:
|About Malta - Marsaxlokk|
It was in the "bay of the sirocco" (Xlokk) that the first Phoenicians landed and set up trading posts on Malta, during the ninth century BC. During the Great Siege, Marsaxlokk harbor was also used as an anchorage by the Turkish fleet.
Overlooking the northern arm of Marsaxlokk Bay is the hill of Tas-Silg which contains remains of megalithic temples of the Tarxien phase, with later alterations resembling the Hagar Qim model. Bronze Age material has also been found scattered around the area.From the end of the 6th century BC to the 1st century AD, the hill was used as a religious site, this time as a temple dedicated to Astarte/Hera. A number of dedications to both goddesses, or to the one goddess, under both the Phoenician and Greek names, have been found. The Tas-Silg site was used again for religious purposes sometime in the 4th century AD, when it was adapted to a new religion, Christianity, and possibly used as a monastery.
In recent decades, the village has been the site for wet bulk operations. Malta's new main power station is here. Discharge of petroleum products takes place mainly at the Enemalta discharge installation point at Birzebbuga. Apart from this, Oil Tanking (Malta) Ltd. operates an independent oil terminal at Marsaxlokk, which has discharge and loading points along the breakwater pier and offers storage, blending, and bunkering facilities.
Print this page


Additional File 5.
Figure S2: Lineage trees of microcolonies of A) MG1655 growth and B) YgjD depletion. After tracking of individual cells across recorded images with "Schnitzcell", the lineage structure of a microcolony can be derived. In such a lineage tree, the branch length corresponds to the time interval between divisions, and division events occur at branching points. The different colors depict the color code used for cells from different generations throughout all figures. The dots at the end of individual branches represent the time points where individual physiological measurements (cell size and fluorescent intensity) were derived from.
Format: PDF Size: 179KB Download file
This file can be viewed with: Adobe Acrobat Reader


text:
At the Conservatorium van Amsterdam, we believe that a safe and supportive environment is fundamental to academic and creative excellence. The well-being of our students, faculty, and staff is our top priority, which is why we have an array of policies and support systems in place to foster a culture of mutual respect, integrity, and security.
We stand by the core principles of security, empathy, and mutual respect, drawing from the broader policies upheld by the Amsterdam University of the Arts (AHK). Any form of undesirable behavior, including harassment, intimidation, abuse, and transgressive behavior, is unacceptable. We are committed to providing an atmosphere that aligns with who we aspire to be—a community of artists and scholars thriving in a healthy, respectful, and cooperative environment.
In addition to these measures, we ensure that every student has a student coach available for any questions or concerns they may have. Regular conversations with these coaches help us monitor the well-being of our students continuously.
We have a comprehensive Code of Conduct that outlines the expectations and values that govern interpersonal interactions within our institution. This code serves as a framework for what is considered acceptable behavior and guides the resolution of any complaints that may arise.
For students and employees who nevertheless encounter (sexual) harassment or other unacceptable behavior or have witnessed this, there are several confidential advisers inside and outside the school with whom you can discuss the problem confidentially. In addition to our confidential advisers, students have access to a Student Counsellor and School Psychologist for psychological support. Periodic internal surveys and workshops also aim to proactively address concerns and gather insights into the work and study climate.
Students and staff of the Conservatorium van Amsterdam can find extensive information and a list of confidential advisers on MyAHK (only accessible to students and staff).


text:
Aspects of Camera Lenses: Anterior Surface
Camera lenses are complex pieces of machinery composed of autofocus motors, mechanical rings, a few lenses (to create a compound lens), an aperture and lots more. Lenses function according to the physical law of optics. When we refer to our lenses, such as a 50mm or a zoom lens, we are referring to the whole lens unit.
The Anterior Surface
Anterior surface refers to the outer most piece of glass on the lens. This is the part of the lens that is furthest away from the photographic medium. It is through here that the light first enters through the lens on it's journey to becoming a photograph. This piece of glass is also most susceptible to damage and should be protected.
If it becomes scratched, it may become necessary to replace the entire lens, as the scratch will be visible in all the photographs that are taken. To help prevent the anterior surface from being scratched, one can purchase a UV filter for about $15 to cover the lens. Thus, any damage sustained happens to the filter and not the lens.
Anterior surface is a name that comes from anatomy. It refers to the cornea, the outer most layer of the eye.


text:
Old English slāw'slow-witted, sluggish', of Germanic origin
The word slow is normally used as an adjective (a slow learner; the journey was slow). It is also used as an adverb in certain specific contexts, including compounds such as slow-acting and slow-moving and in the expression go slow. Other adverbial use is informal and usually regarded as nonstandard, as in he drives too slow and go as slow as you can. In such contexts, standard English uses slowly instead. The use of slow and slowly in this respect contrasts with the use of fast, which is completely standard in use as both an adjective and an adverb; there is no word 'fastly'.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Is meniscal allograft transplantation chondroprotective? A systematic review of radiological outcomes.
Smith NA., Parkinson B., Hutchinson CE., Costa ML., Spalding T.
PURPOSE: The primary aim of this systematic review was to examine the hypothesis that meniscal allograft transplantation is chondroprotective by identifying and appraising studies that have assessed the progression of osteoarthritis following meniscal allograft transplantation. The secondary aim was to identify and appraise radiological measures of meniscal allograft integrity following surgery. METHODS: Clinical studies on human participants undergoing meniscal allograft transplantation with a minimum follow-up of 6 months were included. The primary outcome measure was any radiological osteoarthritis progression measure. Secondary outcomes included magnetic resonance measures of meniscal integrity including meniscal size, shape, healing, extrusion and signal intensity. RESULTS: Thirty-eight studies with 1056 allografts were included. The weighted mean joint space loss was 0.032 mm at 4.5 years across 11 studies. Other radiological classification systems were reported in small numbers and with variable progression rates. Meniscal extrusion was present in nearly all cases, but was not associated with clinical or other radiological outcomes. Meniscal healing rates were high, although the size, shape and signal intensity were commonly altered from that of the native meniscus. The quality of the included studies was low, with a high risk of bias. CONCLUSION: There is some evidence to support the hypothesis that meniscal allograft transplantation reduces the progression of osteoarthritis, although it is unlikely to be as effective as the native meniscus. If this is proven, there may be a role for prophylactic meniscal allograft transplantation in selected patients. Well-designed randomised controlled trials are needed to further test this hypothesis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Systematic review of studies, Level IV.


text:
content as dictionary; it assumes each field name occurs in the form only once.
FormContentDict stores multiple value form content as a dictionary (the form items are lists of values). Useful if your form contains multiple fields with the same name.
Other classes (FormContent, InterpFormContentDict) are present for backwards compatibility with really old applications only.
These are useful if you want more control, or if you want to employ some of the algorithms implemented in this module in other circumstances.
Parse a query in the environment or from a file (the file defaults to sys.stdin). The keep_blank_values and strict_parsing parameters are passed to urlparse.parse_qs() unchanged.
This function is deprecated in this module. Use urlparse.parse_qs() instead. It is maintained here only for backward compatiblity.
This function is deprecated in this module. Use urlparse.parse_qsl() instead. It is maintained here only for backward compatiblity.
Parse input of type multipart/form-data (for file uploads). Arguments are fp for the input file and pdict for a dictionary containing other parameters in the Content-Type header.
Returns a dictionary just like urlparse.parse_qs() keys are the field names, each value is a list of values for that field. This is easy to use but not much good if you are expecting megabytes to be uploaded — in that case, use the FieldStorage class instead which is much more flexible.
Note that this does not parse nested multipart parts — use FieldStorage for that.
Parse a MIME header (such as Content-Type) into a main value and a dictionary of parameters.
Robust test CGI script, usable as main program. Writes minimal HTTP headers and formats all information provided to the script in HTML form.
Format the shell environment in HTML.
Format a form in HTML.
Format the current directory in HTML.
Print a list of useful (used by CGI) environment variables in HTML.
Convert the characters '&', '<' and '>' in string s to HTML-safe sequences. Use this if you need to display text that might contain such characters in HTML. If the optional flag quote is true, the quotation mark character (") is also translated; this helps for inclusion in an HTML attribute value delimited by double quotes, as in . Note that single quotes are never translated.
There's one important rule: if you invoke an external program (via the os.system() or os.popen() functions. or others with similar functionality), make very sure you don't pass arbitrary strings received from the client to the shell. This is a well-known security hole whereby clever hackers anywhere on the Web can exploit a gullible CGI script to invoke arbitrary shell commands. Even parts of the URL or field names cannot be trusted, since the request doesn't have to come from your form!
To be on the safe side, if you must pass a string gotten from a form to a shell command, you should make sure the string contains only alphanumeric characters, dashes, underscores, and periods.
Read the documentation for your HTTP server and check with your local system administrator to find the directory where CGI scripts should be installed; usually this is in a directory cgi-bin in the server tree.
Make sure that your script is readable and executable by "others"; the Unix file mode should be 0755 octal (use chmod 0755 filename). Make sure that the first line of the script contains #! starting in column 1 followed by the pathname of the Python interpreter, for instance:
Make sure the Python interpreter exists and is executable by "others".
Make sure that any files your script needs to read or write are readable or writable, respectively, by "others" — their mode should be 0644 for readable and 0666 for writable. This is because, for security reasons, the HTTP server executes your script as user "nobody", without any special privileges. It can only read (write, execute) files that everybody can read (write, execute). The current directory at execution time is also different (it is usually the server's cgi-bin directory) and the set of environment variables is also different from what you get when you log in. In particular, don't count on the shell's search path for executables (PATH) or the Python module search path (PYTHONPATH) to be set to anything interesting.
If you need to load modules from a directory which is not on Python's default module search path, you can change the path in your script, before importing other modules. For example:
import sys sys.path.insert(0, "/usr/home/joe/lib/python") sys.path.insert(0, "/usr/local/lib/python")
(This way, the directory inserted last will be searched first!)
Instructions for non-Unix systems will vary; check your HTTP server's documentation (it will usually have a section on CGI scripts).
Unfortunately, a CGI script will generally not run when you try it from the command line, and a script that works perfectly from the command line may fail mysteriously when run from the server. There's one reason why you should still test your script from the command line: if it contains a syntax error, the Python interpreter won't execute it at all, and the HTTP server will most likely send a cryptic error to the client.
Assuming your script has no syntax errors, yet it does not work, you have no choice but to read the next section.
First of all, check for trivial installation errors — reading the section above on installing your CGI script carefully can save you a lot of time. If you wonder whether you have understood the installation procedure correctly, try installing a copy of this module file (cgi.py) as a CGI script. When invoked as a script, the file will dump its environment and the contents of the form in HTML form. Give it the right mode etc, and send it a request. If it's installed in the standard cgi-bin directory, it should be possible to send it a request by entering a URL into your browser of the form:
If this gives an error of type 404, the server cannot find the script – perhaps you need to install it in a different directory. If it gives another error, there's an installation problem that you should fix before trying to go any further. If you get a nicely formatted listing of the environment and form content (in this example, the fields should be listed as "addr" with value "At Home" and "name" with value "Joe Blow"), the cgi.py script has been installed correctly. If you follow the same procedure for your own script, you should now be able to debug it.
This should produce the same results as those gotten from installing the cgi.py file itself.
When an ordinary Python script raises an unhandled exception (for whatever reason: of a typo in a module name, a file that can't be opened, etc.), the Python interpreter prints a nice traceback and exits. While the Python interpreter will still do this when your CGI script raises an exception, most likely the traceback will end up in one of the HTTP server's log files, or be discarded altogether.
Fortunately, once you have managed to get your script to execute some code, you can easily send tracebacks to the Web browser using the cgitb module. If you haven't done so already, just add the lines:
import cgitb cgitb.enable()
to the top of your script. Then try running it again; when a problem occurs, you should see a detailed report that will likely make apparent the cause of the crash.
If you suspect that there may be a problem in importing the cgitb module, you can use an even more robust approach (which only uses built-in modules):
import sys sys.stderr = sys.stdout print "Content-Type: text/plain" print...your code here...
This relies on the Python interpreter to print the traceback. The content type of the output is set to plain text, which disables all HTML processing. If your script works, the raw HTML will be displayed by your client. If it raises an exception, most likely after the first two lines have been printed, a traceback will be displayed. Because no HTML interpretation is going on, the traceback will be readable.
|||Note that some recent versions of the HTML specification do state what order the field values should be supplied in, but knowing whether a request was received from a conforming browser, or even from a browser at all, is tedious and error-prone.|


text:
Initial test results indicate that it is likely a variant case. All contacts are now in preventive isolation for 14 days and are being tested.
Earlier this week we shared news that a staff member of Valdor Wiichiihituwin had tested positive for COVID-19. Initial test results indicate that it is likely a variant case.
62 people were identified as contacts, although none of the them are considered high-risk. They include Wiichihiituwin patients and escorts. Among the contacts, 27 had already returned home and were isolating. All contacts are now in preventive isolation for 14 days and are being tested.
This situation is a reminder that the virus and its variants are active in northern Quebec, and we must continue to respect all necessary measures and be careful about travelling.
Medical appointments in Areas of Risk are limited to emergency and essential reasons. Regular follow-up medical appointments will be done locally when possible.
If people had appointments in Val-d'Or, and aren't sure, they can call their CMC to find out about their specific situation.
The Cree Health Board and leadership continue to monitor reports of new variants of the coronavirus. We are learning more about variants with time. What we do know is that they spread more easily, and faster. This is why the Health Board is recommending caution for gathering and travelling in coming weeks.
Restrictions on non-essential travel between communities remain in effect for coastal communities and Nemaska. This will be reviewed next week.
Intercommunity travel is now allowed for Waswanipi, Ouje-Bougoumou and Mistissini, with extreme caution. We recommend that visits be kept at a minimum, with limited contacts. People who choose to travel and visit should observe the precautionary measures including wearing a mask when needed, frequent handwashing, and physical distancing.
Cree leadership and the Cree Health Board are working to develop procedures to allow our people to traveling further between communities in coming weeks and during Goose Break.
Ouje-Bougoumou and Mistissini are now in Phase 3:
Outdoor gatherings with 75 people or 10 households are allowed
Indoor gatherings of 25 people or 3 households are allowed (including indoor private gatherings, and indoor public events such as sporting events).
Offices are open as long as precautionary measures are maintained.
Waswanipi, Nemaska, Waskaganish, Eastmain, Wemindji, Chisasibi and Whapmagoostui are in Phase 4:
Outdoor gatherings with up to 150 people are allowed
Indoor gatherings with up to 50 people are allowed
Offices and businesses are open with precautionary measures.
There may be other measures in place in your community. Check with your local leadership for details.
Vaccines still available
9,959 people in Eeyou Istchee have been vaccinated.
1st doses of the Moderna vaccine are still available in all communities.
People can call their CMC to make an appointment to get the vaccine.
The Cree Health Board expects to the 2nd doses in April.
Cree beneficiaries outside of Eeyou Ischee who want to get vaccinated before they return to their community can now do that before March 31.
The re-entry vaccination program is for post-secondary students, Crees in Southern Quebec, and Wiichihiituwin long-term patients and escorts at Espresso.


>abstract class Expression { public abstract int Evaluate(); } class ConstantExpression : Expression { int constant; public override int Evaluate() { return constant; } } class SumExpression : Expression { Expression left, right; public override int Evaluate() { return left.Evaluate() + right.Evaluate(); } } This may solve the problem if all you want to do is evaluate expressions, but there are all sorts of operations you can do on arithmetic expressions. Do we really want to add a virtual method for every one of them? We certainly don't want clients of the class to be forced to extend the classes just to add application-specific operations. The Visitor pattern solves this problem by replacing the Evaluate() method with an Accept() method that takes as a parameter a visitor object. The visitor object has a method for each type of expression, and Accept() invokes the appropriate one. Here's how we would evaluate expressions using the Visitor pattern:abstract class Expression { public abstract object Accept(Visitor v); } class ConstantExpression : Expression { public int constant; public override object Accept(Visitor v) { return v.VisitConstant(this); } } class SumExpression : Expression { public Expression left, right; public override object Accept(Visitor v) { return v.VisitSum(this); } } interface Visitor { object VisitConstant(ConstantExpression e); object VisitSum(SumExpression e); } class EvaluateVisitor : Visitor { public object VisitConstant(ConstantExpression e) { return e.constant; } public object VisitSum(SumExpression e) { return (int)e.left.Accept(this) + (int)e.right.Accept(this); } } We evaluate an expression e using (int)e.Accept(new EvaluateVisitor()), and adding new operations is easy; we just create new implementors of Visitor. Clients can create application-specific algorithms without touching the original classes. As an added benefit, the visitor class can keep state internal to the algorithm; for example, this visitor counts and stores the number of constants in an expression:class CountConstantsVisitor : Visitor { public int Count; public object VisitConstant(ConstantExpression e) { Count++; return null; } public object VisitSum(SumExpression e) { e.left.Accept(this); e.right.Accept(this); return null; } } But the wary designer will note that there is a maintainance problem here: if we add a new subclass of Expression, like ProductExpression, the Visitor interface and all classes implementing it have to be updated. If the Expression class rarely changes, this is fine, and may even be good: it forces the visitor classes to consider the new cases. If it's rapidly changing, however, we definitely have a problem. Double dispatch At this point we take a slight detour and consider another simple example. Polymorphism is the critical ability of an object-oriented method call to invoke different methods at runtime based on the type of the object, like Evaluate() in our first example. If you've ever dealt with operator overloading in C++ or C#, though, you may come up against the limits of polymorphism. If I write an operator+ for a class Complex for complex numbers, subclasses can override it in a polymorphic way - but only if the complex number is on the left. If the Complex object is on the right-hand side, there is no way to ensure the correct method is invoked polymorphically short of testing the type and invoking it yourself. How cruel we are to the unprivileged right-hand sides! The built-in C operator + produces different types depending on both the type of its left and right argument; both a double plus a float and a float plus a double produce doubles. We want something similar for our own operators, the ability to polymorphically choose a method based on both the type of its left argument and its right argument. Then we could write code like this:Complex operator+(Complex c, int i) {... } Complex operator+(ComplexSubclass c, int i) {... } Complex operator+(int i, Complex c) {... } Complex operator+(int i, ComplexSubclass c) {... } The right method will be chosen at runtime based on the types of both sides; the most specific (most derived) type is always chosen. This is called double dispatch, because we select the method ("dispatch" the message) based on the type of two arguments. Unfortunately, this new flexibility also introduces some new problems. Suppose we have these two methods:Complex operator+(ComplexSubclass s, Complex c) {... } Complex operator+(Complex c, ComplexSubclass s) {... } Now, suppose we try to add two objects of type ComplexSubclass. Neither of the above looks more appropriate than the other. There are various ways of dealing with this; for example, we can give the first argument precedence over the others, we can throw an error at runtime, or we can make the compiler require us to implement a method taking two ComplexSubclass objects. For this article, we'll sidestep the issue by saying we won't write any code that will invoke this dilemma. Now, I'm sure you're wondering what any of this has to do with the Visitor pattern. The answer is that this feature allows us to drastically simplify our Visitor pattern example while retaining all of its benefits:abstract class Expression { } class ConstantExpression : Expression { public int constant; } class SumExpression : Expression { public Expression left, right; } class EvaluateVisitor { public int Visit(ConstantExpression e) { return e.constant; } public int Visit(SumExpression e) { return Visit(e.left) + Visit(e.right); } } Now, this isn't valid C# of course, since C# doesn't support double dispatch, but you can see the effect it would have if it did: the Visitor interface is gone, the Accept() method is gone, and the calls in the last Visit() method are simplified. Best of all, it solves our dilemma of a rapidly changing Expression class hierarchy, because we can add a "default case" method that deals with any expression types we're not familiar with: public int Visit(Expression e) { throw new Exception("Unsupported type of expression"); // or whatever } One handy trick you can do in Java and.NET languages is to have a method that examines the type of its argument and then uses reflection to pass it on to the correct overload, simulating polymorphism. This is much slower than native double dispatch support, but achieves much of the same effect. If you've studied how polymorphic methods are dispatched, you're probably most familiar with the "vptr" and "vtable" model, where each object includes a reference to a type descriptor, which in turn contains a table of function pointers giving the right function to invoke for each method for an object of that type. With double dispatch this becomes trickier. One of the simplest strategies, and an effective one in practice, is to have the initial vtable dispatch the method to a "stub" method, whose job is to perform another vtable dispatch on the second argument. Because most methods don't require double dispatch, this avoids imposing a penalty on ordinary single dispatch methods. Multiple dispatch But why stop at two arguments? Why not choose the method based on all the arguments? Although increasingly less useful, there are legitimate applications of methods that dispatch on 3, 4, or more arguments. This form of dispatch, called multiple dispatch, is directly supported by languages such as Dylan, Cecil, and CLOS (the Common Lisp Object System). Not only does this feature ease design of an initial system, but it also greatly increase the ability to extend it in multiple directions in an object-oriented way. Try experimenting with some of them and going through their tutorials; even in languages that don't directly support multiple dispatch, it helps to be able to recognise a situation where it would apply and simulate it. Thanks for reading, everyone.MSDNArchive


text:
When Sense Alerts is enabled, push notifications will be sent to your device whenever the system detects motion. You can enable these notifications to send at all times or only while nobody is at home using the Smart Activation feature.
You need to assign a Primary device to everyone to ensure Sense can properly determine if everyone has left and also enable the People notifications.
- Tap on the Sense icon on the home screen.
- Scroll down to the bottom of the page and open Sense Settings.
- Under Modes and Alerts, slide the Smart Activation toggle to the right if you do not wish to receive alerts while you are home.
- Under the Alerts section, you can set the minimum Time between alerts to either 1 Mins, 2 Mins, 3 Mins, or 5 Mins. This prevents you from getting too many notifications if a motion alert gets triggered immediately after another one.
- Scroll back up to the top of the screen to turn Sense alerts from ON to OFF.
- Open the main menu from the home screen and choose Sense.
- Ensure Motion Detection is on and then tap on the Smart Activation button at the bottom of the screen.
- Slide the Smart Activation toggle to the right if you do not wish to receive motion alerts while you are home.
- Go back to the home screen and tap on the Sense icon.
- Tap on the ellipses next to Sense Alerts and tap On to turn on alerts or Off to turn off alerts.
When are Sense Alert push notifications triggered?
Sense alerts will only be triggered if:
- Sense motion detection is enabled.
- Sense Alerts are enabled.
- If the Smart Activation of alerts has been enabled, everyone has left your home. (all assigned primary devices have been disconnected for 15 minutes or more)
- The motion being detected occurs for at least 2 seconds (5 seconds if pet mode is enabled), within an approximate 10'-13' radius from a motion detection device or SuperPod.
- The minimum time interval since the last alert has been met.


mail-boxes are often called as 'ports'. ACT++ is a concurrent OOP language being developed as a part of a research project on concurrent real time systems. The Actor model is a concurrent computation model in which computation is achieved by actors communicating via message passing. The model consists of five basic elements : actors, mail queues, messages, behaviors, and acquaintances. An actor is a self-contained active object. Interaction among actors can occur only through message passing. Each actor is associated with a unique mail queue, whose address serves as the IX- identifier of the actor. The messages send to actor are buffered by its mail queue. Messages buffered in a mail queue are read one at a time in a strict FIFO order. The behavior of an actor determines how the actor reacts to a request specified in the message processed. A behavior is defined by a code body called the behavior script. The script contains method definitions, and acquaintances. Acquaintances are the names of other actors *to which an actor can send messages. A behavior script corresponds to a class definition in other OOP languages while acquaintances correspond to instance variables. In processing a message, an actor can do three things: make new actors, send messages to actors, and specify a replacement behavior. Actors are dynamically produced at run-time as needed during the course of computation. A new actor is produced by the 'New' operation. The send operation is the primitive used for asynchronous message passing. A message consists of the address of the target actor, the name of the method to be invoked, and parameters for the method invocation. The last primitive operation is the specification of a replacement behavior. The 'become' operation is used for that. This operation requires a behavior script name and a list of acquaintances. The operation produces a thread. The newly produced thread is the current behavior of the actor. The replacement behavior determines how to handle the next unprocessed message. Since a thread can specify a replacement only once in its life, there is at most one behavior waiting for a message at any time. Concurrency in ACT++ comes from two sources: making a new actor and specification of a replacement behavior. The former results in inter - object concurrency, while the latter yields intra-object concurrency. Two kinds of objects are distinguished in ACT++, namely active objects and passive objects. An active objects proceeds concurrently with other objects. An active object, processing its own thread of control, is an actor. All objects that are not actors are passive objects. The invocation of a method of a passive object is performed using the thread of the requesting -x- object. Each object is an instance of some class. A class defines the properties of its instance objects. A class can inherit from another existing class by declaring itself as a subclass of existing class. A subclass can redefine, restrict, or extends the definition of its superclass. Active objects are instances of classes which are direct or indirect subclasses of a special class called ACTOR. Passive objects are instances of classes which are not subclasses of ACTOR. The language supports the primitive operations of the Agha's actor kernel language : New, Send and Become. Invoking methods of a passive object has the semantics of a function call. Invoking a method of an actor on the other hand, is via asynchronous message passing. Two types of messages are distinguished in ACT++, namely, request messages and reply messages. A request message is used for invoking a method while a reply message is used for delivery of the result of a method invocation. Two types of mail boxes are available to support these two different kinds of messages : 'MBox' and 'CBox'. A request message is used for sending a request to another actor. Request messages are buffered in the mail queue (MBox) of the receiving actor. An actor can refer to its own MBox using the pseudo variable 'self. Each behavior of actor can process only one request message in the MBox. If the sender of a request wants to receive the result of the method invocation, it may provide a CBox name in the request message. The 'reply' operation is used to transmit a reply message containing the result. The name of a CBox specified in a request message is called the reply destination. Technically, ACT++ is a language design which supports both class inheritance and the actor model of concurrency. As an expedient implementation strategy, C++ is used as the base language, extending it with the concurrency abstraction of the actor model. In ACT++, actors represent active objects. All non-actor objects are passive. A passive object represents a C++ object, which is local to a single active object. A shared object must be actor. Like passive objects, an actor class can inherit properties from- an existing actor class by defining itself to be a subclass of it. ACT++ distributes concurrency control into each method. The New operation for making a new actor MBox is a function which takes the name of an actor class as an argument. The operation is implemented as a conventional function without being a member of any class. The become operation is a friend member of ACTOR. The operation is overloaded to allow an actor to specify self as the replacement behavior. The send operation is implemented as a method of the class (struct) MBox. The -xi- syntax for sending a message is written as a series of stream like output operations (<<). For example, the following statement sends to an MBox called myMBox a message consisting of aMethod, replyDestination, ant two method invocation parameters, namely, firstinteger and second integer: myMBox << aMethod << replyDestination << firsinteger << second integer; An actor can read a request message from its MBox using the operation >> on the pseudo. variable self. Since the method name argument of a request message is used by the mail queue for selecting the method to invoke, the method name is not read by the >> operation. The >> operation is only used to read the values for the parameters of the method. Each method of a behaviour script contains with a >> statement. For example, contiuning the example above, the definition of a method aMethod of an actor myMBox uses the following for reading the message from the MBox: self >> first integer Arg >> second in tegerArg; The class CBox supports the 'reply' method for transmitting a reply message. The following statement sends a reply message containing 53 to the replyDestination. reply (53); Two other methods are provided by a CBox : In and receive. The method In() is used to check whether or not the reply has arrived in a CBox. The receive operation denoted by '»' reads a reply from a CBox. The use of these methods are illustrated in the following: if (myCBoxl.InO) then myCBoxl >> result else myCBox2 >> result; If myCBoxl has not yet received a reply, then myCBox2 is read, in which case the actor executing the statement may be blocked depending on the presence of a reply message in rayCBox2..
Açıklama
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 1992
Anahtar kelimeler
Bilgisayar Mühendisliği Bilimleri-Bilgisayar ve Kontrol, Paralel programlama, Tasarım, Computer Engineering and Computer Science and Control, Parallel programs, Design
Alıntı