text:
5.1. Simulation models for ground-motion generation using urn games
To start out, we will look at two connected random processes in the form of a simple game. At first glance it seems to have little to do with seismic hazard. Looking closer, however, it will turn out that it contains features which make it quite useful as a very simple simulation model for seismically generated ground motion. It consists of five urns which are shown in Figs. 5.1.1 and 5.1.2. Each urn contains 100 balls.
Figure 5.1.1 Urn with 2 red, 8 green, 22 blue and 68 gray balls. Make it interactive by allowing a ball to be drawn randomly.
The urn in Fig. 5.1.1 contains 2 red, 8 green, 22 blue and 68 gray balls. In addition, there are four urns with numerical labels shown in Fig. 5.1.2, one urn for each of the colors present in the urn in Fig. 5.1.1.
Figure 5.1.2 Four urns with 100 balls, each carrying a numerical label. The colors of the balls correspond to the colors of the balls in Fig. 5.1.1. Make it interactive by allowing balls to be drawn randomly.
Each of the balls in the four urns in Fig. 5.1.2 is labeled with a numerical value according to the scheme shown in Fig. 5.1. 3 and listed in Table 5.1.
Figure 5.1.3 Histograms showing the numbers of particular numerical labels of the balls in the four urns in Fig. 5.1.2. The colors of the histograms correspond to the colors of the balls in Fig. 5.1.1.
Table 5.1.1. Numbers of particular numerical labels of the balls in the four lower urns in Fig. 1.1.
Let us assume that we have some automatic mechanism to randomly draw balls from any of the urns. We can now combine random draws from the urn in Fig. 5.1.1 and the urns in Fig. 5.1.2 in a single experiment. We first have a ball drawn from the urn in Fig. 5.1.1, followed by a draw from that urn in Fig. 5.1.2 which contains the balls in the color which we obtained from the draw from the urn in Fig. 5.1.1. So if the first draw results in a blue ball, the second draw will be done from that urn in Fig. 5.1.2 which contains only blue balls. The ball obtained in the second draw will contain a numerical label, which is the result of our experiment. If we repeat this experiment a thousand times, we call this a game with thousand draws. Fig. 5.1.4 shows the resulting histograms of the values of the numerical labels for four games with thousand draws. You will note that the resulting histogram changes slightly but not by much.
Potential extra figure???: Stripped down version of what is now Fig. 5.6 to ilustrate the generation of a single histogram.
Figure 5.1.4 Histogram of numerical labels obtained from playing the urn game with thousand draws from the urns shown in Fig. 5.1.1 and Fig. 5.1.2 for four times.
In other words, the number of times which a particular numerical label will be obtained in a game of thousand draws seems to be a more or less stable feature of the experimental setup. The histograms indicate that that the majority of the values of the numerical labels which were obtained show values slightly below 1.0 with their number decreasing with increasing value of the numerical label.
One might wonder how this can be related to seismic hazard. Well, if we think of the colors in the top urn to represent earthquake magnitudes as illustrated in Fig. 5.1.5 (the magnitude concept is discussed in more detail in chapter 3) and the numerical labels of the colored balls in the lower urns to represent ground acceleration in, the connection becomes rather obvious. Each single experiment consists of two random processes, one from which a magnitude value is generated which is followed by a second, dependent one from which a ground motion value is generated. As in nature, the distributions of ground motion values shift to larger values with increasing magnitudes (see Fig. 5.1.3 and Table 5.1). For this example to hold, the distance of the earthquakes to the site of interest is assumed to be constant. For the sake of the following arguments, however, this is acceptable.
Figure 5.1.5 The same urn as in Fig. 5.1.1, but with numerical labels. Mathematically this defines a random variable. Make it interactive by allowing a ball to be drawn randomly.
We can make the connection to earthquake generated ground shaking even stronger if we add a temporal element to the simulation, by considering that the experiments are conducted sequentially in time. In this case, we can define a quantity which will later be refered to as occurrence or activity rate (in units of number of earthquakes per time) which is simply the total number of values observed divided by the total duration over which we assume the experiments to take place.
There are several ways in use to describe the results of this experiment in different types of histograms. e. g.
by binning the particular numerical values and count the number in each bin as in Fig. 5.1.4 (Counts).
by summing the counts from the bin with the smallest numerical values to the largest one (CumulativeCount).
by counting the number of values in each bin above the selected value (SurvivalCount).
by normalizing the counts over all bins so that they sum up to 1 (Probability). For large numbers of draws in a random experiment this can be related to the so-called frequentist definition of probability which is discussed in chapter 2.
by normalizing the product of the counts times the bin width in which they occur over all bins so that they sum up to 1 (PDF). This way, the area under the histogram is normalized to one. This can be related to the so-called probability density function (PDF) of a continuous distribution which is also discussed in chapter 2.
by cumulating the product of the counts times the bin width in which they occur over all bins from the bin with the smallest to the bin with the largest value (CDF). This can be related to the so-called cumulative distribution function (CDF) which is also discussed in chapter 2.
by taking 1 – CDF. This function is sometimes called survival function (SF).
All of the histogram types above are related to each other through simple operations and/or a single normalization constant as can be seen in detail in the following interactive figure (Fig. 5.1.6). It allows to display the outcome of the urn game for a varying number of experiments and for the mentioned histogram types. In addition it allows the read to choose between a autoscaled plot or a plot with a given maximum value.
Figure 5.1.6 Displaying the outcome of the urn game for a varying number of single experiments. Note: Make yourself familiar with the properties of the different histogram types and their mutual relations. Make restart button. Replace label "number of games" by "number of draws".
.............. 5.1. Simulation models for ground-motion generation using urn games
.............. 5.1.1. How safe do you want to be?


text: Pattern recognition techniques are widely used in many applications particularly in the area of industrial inspection where objects are identified from features in an image. In particular, the Radon transform ~RT! and the Hough transform ~HT! are known1,2 to be powerful tools for feature extraction. The digital techniques used to implement the RT and the HT require a large number of calculations, however, and as such are limited to non-real-time applications.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Building Technology vs Solving Problems
Yesterday I gave a talk at Saskatoon Barcamp on Building Technology vs Solving Problems. I started my presentation by asking, who here is building technology? Who here is solving problems? Those are two very different questions, and definitely not synonyms.
I believe innovation occurs following four basic steps:
 1. Identify Real Problem – real challenge that a group is facing
 2. Define Practical Solution – simple way to fill that need
 3. Find Appropriate Technology – appropriate technology based on users needs
 4. Leads To Profit - since you are filling a real need you will find ways to profit
In practise, what order do you think most companies follow?
 1. No Real Problem - most companies haven't asked what problem they are solving
 2. No Practical Solution – you can't have a solution unless you have a problem
 3. Build New Technology – building technology without knowing what they are trying to solve
 4. Struggle To Profit – invent a market and try to find users that don't exist
If you are providing a practical solution to a real problem, users will come to you and be eager to pay. Instead most companies are focussed on building another social network, creating another photo sharing app, making another groupon clone but none of those are solving a problem.
Innovation happens at the intersect of disciplines. Software by itself isn't very interesting, but applying that technology is where real innovation happens.
Unfortunately, most software companies are not intersecting with other disciplines, and instead building software for an elusive consumer market. And as a result of not having a clearly defined problem, most of these companies are lacking in innovation and struggling to generate revenue.
Back in July The Next Web had a fantastic article on The Problem With Silicon Valley Is Itself that highlighted this problem.
"One of the reasons for lack of innovation in the Valley is that entrepreneurs are not exposed to enough real-world problems." – TNW
"Not putting their brains to good use by solving real-world problems. Instead they're building technology to solve trivial issues." - TNW
"Many entrepreneurs are in it for the wrong reasons, they should be more focussed on doing something big and good for the world and figuring where the money comes after that." - TNW
I spent four months this summer living in Nairobi and working from the iHub. Africa is experiencing a mobile revolution, Kenya is leading the charge in east Africa, Nairobi is at the center and the iHub at the very heart, so I was excited to experience it first hand.
It began clear that one of the main driving forces behind this mobile innovation was developers using appropriate technologies to solve real problems. At Pivot25 a mobile development competition in Nairobi, every single startup in commerce, entertainmentbusiness, agriculture and health that pitched was trying to solve a real problem. One good example was EasyParking by Kenya Methodist University Students.
Works with car park operators to assist city motorists in locating the nearest parking slot, view remaining slots, book a slot, and pay the parking fee. Product is intended to reduce the inconveniences motorists go through to locate free parking slots in Nairobi City.
Although EasyParking didn't win Pivot25, it still highlights a practical solution to a real problem.
 1. Identify Real Problem - difficult to find parking downtown
 2. Define Practical Solution - give motorists easy way to reserve parking on route
 3. Find Appropriate Technology - request and receive confirmation via mobile
 4. Leads To Profit - drivers save time and willing to pay for a guaranteed spot
Do you think this idea could work in other cities? You bet, and that's why venture capitalists at the event were interested on investing in the idea because its a solution to a global problem. This raises an interesting point, practical solutions often scale because they can solve the same problem elsewhere.
So my questions is, why isn't Saskatchewan developing world class agriculture software?Saskatchewan's economy is based on agriculture, we have the top agriculture college in the country, and a strong computer science department. So why aren't we world leaders in ag-software?
The reason I believe is that software developers are not having conversations with farmers, haven't identified the problems they are facing in the province. If we had a shared conversation, I believe there is huge potential to become a world leader.
Here's one agriculture example that tries to solve a real problem with an appropriate technology.
 1. Identify Real Problem - costly and timely to take sick animal to the vet
 2. Define Practical Solution - allow ranchers to communicate with a network of veterinarians to get answers to their questions saving trip to the clinic
 3. Find Appropriate Technology - rancher sends SMS with question which is forwarded to a network of veterinarians, available vets reply back with their answer
 4. Leads To Profit - you can charge rancher per SMS giving part back to the veterinarian for there answer
It's a simple idea, but eliminating one trip to the vet clinic would save approx $50 in gas plus $100 for the visit. And saving the life of one calf would save the rancher around $750. If you paid veterinarians per answer, they could make money in their off hours. This saves the rancher money and time, makes vet's money on the side and you profit. It's a win, win, win. Also, if this solution works locally, there is a good chance it will work outside the province.
The three key ideas for innovation:
 1. Revolutionary idea, is just practical solution to a real problem
 2. Innovation happens at the intersect of disciplines
 3. Identify real problem, define practical solution, find appropriate technology, and it leads to profit
Thoughts? Comments? I'd love to hear them :)
One thought on "Building Technology vs Solving Problems
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|New record prime: 274,207,281-1 with 22,338,618 digits by Cooper, Woltman, Kurowski, Blosser & GIMPS (7 Jan 2016).|
[See also: Where is the next Mersenne prime? ]
Let Mn be the nth Mersenne prime. Take a careful look at the graph of log2(log2(Mn)) versus n. (That is, the logarithm base two of the logarithm base two of the nth Mersenne.)
One can not miss that this graph is amazingly linear. Erhardt (and many others after him) looked at the limited data and guessed that the geometric mean of the ratio of two successive Mersenne exponents 3/2.
Some time later Pomerance and Lenstra each (independently) [Pomerance81, p. 101] suggested this should be 2 raised to 1/egamma or about 1.47576, not 3/2, where gamma is Euler's constant gamma. This is now the accepted value, but why? Below we will answer this question using a simple heuristic argument. This means we try to make it seem plausible (and eventually hope for a proof someday).
If you are in a rush, then let me simply follow Ribenboim [Ribenboim95] and state the factor egamma comes by analogy from Mertens' theorem. But if you have time, take a sip of coffee and join us for a little mathematics.
Heuristic Derivation of this Mersenne ConjectureWe will argue for Lenstra and Pomerance's conjecture in the form given in 1983 by Wagstaff [Wagstaff83] (though we do not follow his reasoning here):
The probability that 2k-1 is prime
As our first step in estimating the probability that 2k-1 is prime, we recall that for 2k-1 to be prime, k must be prime (proof). Next, by prime number theorem the probability that a random positive integer k is prime is (asymptotic to) 1/log(k) (where log x is the natural logarithm). For the next step we will assume this is the case: that k is prime.
Next, we might want to again use the prime number theorem to guess that the probability that 2k-1 is prime, is 1/log(2k-1), or about 1/(k log 2); but 2k-1 does not behave like a "random number." For example, 2k-1 can only be divisible by primes of the form 2mk+1 for certain integers m (proof). So we will need to adjust the estimate of probability we get from the prime number theorem as follows.
Since 2k-1 can not be even--we multiply our estimate of the primality probability by 2 (since 2 divides 1/2 of the integers). Similarly, unless k is 2, 2k-1 can not be divisible by 3, so we multiply our estimate of the primality probability by 3/2=1/(1-1/3) (since 3 divides 1/3rd of the integers). In fact, for each prime q less than 2k+1 we must multiply our estimate by q/(q-1) = 1/(1-1/q). So we now guess that the probability that 2k-1 is prime (for a given prime q) is about
1/(k log 2). 2/1. 3/2. 5/4..... q/(q-1)where q is the largest prime less than 2k. This product can be estimated using Mertens' theorem to be
egamma. log(2k)/(k log 2)where as above gamma is Euler's constant.
"But wait" you might say, "you have log(2k), but Wagstaff says log(ak) where a varies." Then I'd be forced to admit I omitted something else we know about the divisors of Mersenne numbers: they are always congruent to +/-1 modulo 8. When k is 3 modulo 4, this means m must be 0 or 3 modulo 4, so the smallest such prime is at least 6k+1 and we must replace the 2k in our argument above with 6k, just as Wagstaff says. When k is 1 modulo 4, m may be 1, so we can stick with the 2k above in this case. This completes the derivation of Wagstaff's third conclusion.
Toward a combined estimate
Let's go one step further and combine our two probability estimates: the probability k is prime and the probability the resulting 2k-1 is prime. We then get the probability that 2k-1 is prime (for a random positive integer k) to be
egamma. log(ak)/(k log 2. log k)(with a=2 or 6 as above). For large k (and indeed the "average" integer is large), log(ak)=log a + log k is very close (asymptotically) to just log k, so our probability estimate simplifies to
egamma/(k log 2).Next we will use this heuristic estimate to derive the first of Wagstaff's three conclusions.
The number of Mersennes less than xSo, how many Mersenne primes 2k-1 do we expect with 1 < k < n? We can find this by adding the probabilities for k=1, 2, 3,... up to n. The easiest way to approximate this sum would be to integrate. This gives us
approximately egamma log n / log 2 Mersenne primes 2k-1 with 1 < k < n.Now let's rephrase this. If we wish to restrict the size of n so that 2k-1 < x, then we must stop with n log 2 near log x, hence log n near log log x. So we have
approximately egamma log log x / log 2 Mersenne primes less than x.This is the first of Wagstaff's conclusions (from which the second follows trivially).
Note: The above is definitely not the argument you find in Wagstaff's article, but I think it is easier to follow and generalizes smoothly to many other forms.
Another prime page by Chris K. Caldwell

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The city's best 1920s tower sits on a broad base that guarantees light and air to the side windows of a slab that runs the depth of the block. Dark spandrels between light brick piers accent the building's verticality. Interestingly, the architect's published photograph of the building was taken from the rear, showing the asymmetrically placed fire balconies and no ornament—as if the building were an International Style design.
You are here
1616 Walnut Street
If SAH Archipedia has been useful to you, please consider supporting it.
SAH Archipedia tells the story of the United States through its buildings, landscapes, and cities. This freely available resource empowers the public with authoritative knowledge that deepens their understanding and appreciation of the built environment. But the Society of Architectural Historians, which created SAH Archipedia with University of Virginia Press, needs your support to maintain the high-caliber research, writing, photography, cartography, editing, design, and programming that make SAH Archipedia a trusted online resource available to all who value the history of place, heritage tourism, and learning.


text:
Drinking Water Quality
Drinking Water Quality Reports and Analysis
The Ontario government has enacted a new drinking water regulation under the Safe Drinking Water Act, 2002. These changes were designed to safeguard the quality of Ontario's drinking water, while making the regulatory requirements more workable and affordable for owners and operators of municipal and non-municipal drinking water systems.
Ontario's Drinking Water Systems Regulation 170/03, made under the Safe Drinking Water Act, 2002, governs the operation of municipal drinking water systems. This regulation provides specific requirements that municipalities must adhere to in the operations of these systems, including: water system operational checks, water quality sampling/testing and reporting and corrective action requirements. The City of Thorold owns and operates two drinking water systems that fall under this regulation:
- Thorold Decew Distribution System (No. 220004313)
- Thorold Port Robinson System (No. 260049582)
In accordance with Section 11 (1) of Ontario's regulation 170/03, the owner of a drinking water system shall ensure that an annual report is prepared in accordance with the requirements of Section 11.
The annual report must be:
- Given without charge to every person who requests a copy. Effective steps must be taken to advise users of the system that copies of the report are available and how they can be obtained.
- Posted to the municipality's web site if the drinking water system is a large municipal residential system serving more than 10,000 people.
- Given to the owner of any other drinking water system that is connected to and receiving all of its drinking water from the system that is the subject of the annual report.
Copies of the Annual Report can be obtained at the Operations Department located at 1543 Beaverdams Road, in Thorold, free of charge. Copies are also posted at the Thorold Public Library, Thorold City Hall, and at the Operations Department.
The Annual Report and all Drinking Water Sample Results are also made available on the City's website, which can be found below.


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Prince Edward Island
One of the Maritime Provinces, Prince Edward Island lies in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and is separated on the S from Nova Scotia and New Brunswick by the Northumberland Strait, which is crossed by the Confederation Bridge (1997). It is Canada's smallest province but also has Canada's highest population density. The generally low, level island is c.140 mi (225 km) long and 5 to 35 mi (8–56 km) wide. Sandy beaches line the deeply indented north shore, and much of this popular resort spot is now Prince Edward Island National Park (est. 1937). Low red sandstone cliffs rim the south shores, and the tides reach to the headwaters of the island's short rivers.
With its fertile and distinctive red soil and its agreeable climate, the island has become known as the Garden of the Gulf. About 90% of the land is arable. The capital is Charlottetown.
Sections in this article:
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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StringCmp - method of object Pm
Description:
Returns a result of a comparison of the two strings.
Syntax:
StringCmp(sString1 As String, sString2 As String, [sParams As String]) As Long
Calling:
nRes = Pm.StringCmp(sString1, sString2, sParams)
Parameters:
sString1(String) First string to be compared.
sString2(String) Second string to be compared.
sParams[optional] (String) Additional parameters comparation. Entries are in format KeyVal, for example mode:begin;ic:0;
mode:s;
mode:full; (default) - The two strings are compared for equality. If the strings lenght is different, then these cannot be equal.
mode:begin; - The beginning portion of the first string is compared with the whole second string. It means that the sString1 begins with the sString2.
ic:n; - (IgnoreCase)
ic:0; (default) - The string comparation will work as Case Sensitive.
ic:1; - The string comparation will work as Case Insensitive.
Return Values:
0 - sString1 is not equal to sString2
1 - sString1 is equal to sString2
Note:
The method can also be called in the graphic item events for Web panels.
The method is functional also in Macro expression $.expr and in the onDraw event of the PmiCanvas graphic item.
Example:
JavaScriptVBScriptSelect and copy to clipboard
var nRes = Pm.StringCmp("Windows 10", "Windows 10"); //nRes contains 1
nRes = Pm.StringCmp("Windows 10", "Windows"); //nRes contains 0
nRes = Pm.StringCmp("Windows 10", "Windows", "mode:begin;"); //nRes contains 1
nRes = Pm.StringCmp("WINDOWS 10", "Windows", "mode:begin;"); //nRes contains 0
nRes = Pm.StringCmp("WINDOWS 10", "Windows", "mode:begin;ic:1;"); //nRes contains 1
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text:
Ablikim, M (reprint author), Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.
The decay J/psi ->(N) over barN pi provides an effective isospin 1/2 filter for the pi N system due to isospin conservation. Using 58x10(6) J/psi decays collected with the Beijing Electromagnetic Spectrometer at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider, more than 100 thousand J/psi -> p pi(-)<<(n)over bar>+c.c. events are obtained. Besides the two well-known N-* peaks at around 1500 MeV/c(2) and 1670 MeV/c(2), there are two new, clear N-* peaks in the p pi invariant mass spectrum around 1360 MeV/c(2) and 2030 MeV/c(2) with statistical significance of 11 sigma and 13 sigma, respectively. We identify these as the first direct observation of the N-*(1440) peak and a long-sought missing N-* peak above 2 GeV/c(2) in the pi N invariant mass spectrum.


text:
Outer Space Cards
the universe we live in
Ignite your child's curiosity about all things astronomy with our collection of Outer Space cards. Each card features stunning coloured images of the Sun, our Moon, and all the planets in our solar system, including Pluto, which was recently downgraded from a planet to a planetoid or dwarf planet!
The cards also include simple yet interesting facts to spark discussion about our universe and the cosmic objects we can see in our skies. Match this with the Wooden Moon Puzzle for an enriching playtime activity.
- 11 pieces, each measuring approximately 10 x 14 cm.
- Made using 3 mm plywood, this is an all Australian Made And Owned product.
Every piece of wood used differs slightly in colour, texture and grain. The naturally occurring imperfections seen in the timber (e.g knots, colour changes) cannot be removed. These pieces of timber are cut on an engraver and will have slight burnt marks on some edges.


text:
Finnish Canadian Culture
Finnish Canadian Culture – An Educational Resource
This multimedia DVD is to be used in conjunction with the book, "A History of Finnish Businesses in the Thunder Bay Area" published by the Thunder Bay Finnish-Historical Society.
The Finnish settlers who came to the Thunder Bay area have left a lasting legacy that has contributed immensely to the cultural and economic growth of the region. History has shown that once the Finns started settling in the region, they opened their own businesses. Today, various businesses still have a distinctively Finnish character that continues to shape social and economic aspects of northwestern Ontario and Canada.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
w3schools says that for height:
auto : The browser calculates the height. This is default
But what does "browser calculates the height" mean? Does it mean it just simply sums up the contained elements' heights? Is this always calculated with the same method for all browser?
share|improve this question
Although nothings wrong in this particular case, in general I'd advise you to stay away from w3schools.com. Much of their information is misleading or incorrect and they often promote poor practices. Mozilla Developer Network is a great resource for web development. – Andy E Oct 27 '11 at 10:01
YOu just reminded me an old practice I used to apply on google: "whatever-key-word MDN" will lust the MDN content search result at the top relevant to your needs. Like :".click MDN" – pencilCake Oct 27 '11 at 10:05
yeah, that's what I do whenever I need to quickly reference something. – Andy E Oct 27 '11 at 10:15
3 Answers 3
up vote 2 down vote accepted
What does it mean browser calculates the height?
It means the browser will make the element's height sufficient to fit its content.
Does it mean it just simply sums up the contained elements heights if they are up on each other?
Nope, it is more complicated than that, but I'm sure that is part of it.
Is this always calculated with the same method for all browsers?
No, there are generally small variances. You should calculate the element's height in JavaScript if you intend to perform calculations based on it, don't assume it will have the same height on all browsers.
share|improve this answer
The CSS 2.1 spec, and the CSS3 Basic Box model spec, have sections on how browsers should calculate heights:
I find it a bit difficult to translate them into what should actually happen though, and I couldn't say if browsers actually follow these descriptions.
share|improve this answer
It summs up: the contained elements, plus the paddings, border and margins. The method for summing should be the same in all browsers, but the size of elements differ.
share|improve this answer
... plus collapsed margins. It isn't a trivial calculation. – Álvaro G. Vicario Oct 27 '11 at 10:07
Isn't it minus collapsed margins? And it only worries about things in normal flow. – Quentin Oct 27 '11 at 20:01
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Dinky Duck was a Terrytoons cartoon character that appeared in a number of animated shorts. Dinky was a young duck that lived on a farm with ducks, chickens and other typical farm animals. Dinky often took on the role of an orphan who simply wanted a place to call home. Other times, Dinky would perform some heroic deed and help restore calm to the barnyard when adult animals quarreled. Dinky first appeared in the 1939 short The Orphan Duck.


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Over time, the submersible probes used to measure levels in water and wastewater often get covered with stubborn deposits such as algae and mussels, which can disrupt the measurement process. Attempts to remove these deposits mechanically can also very easily destroy a sensitive stainless steel sensor membrane. This is where the LMK 808 plastic submersible probe from BD|SENSORS, with its robust capacitive sensor made of highly pure ceramic, really comes into its own - and it is being exhibited for the first time at HANNOVER MESSE 2017.
Since it is not sensitive to deposits, the LMK 808 is ideal for level and gauge measurement in water and wastewater applications. The secret to its success is the heart of the probe - an extremely robust, virtually maintenance-free capacitive ceramic sensor. This, combined with a plastic casing, makes the submersible probe resistant to aggressive and abrasive substances and therefore virtually indestructible. Any contamination can be easily removed without damaging the membrane. Moreover, BD|SENSORS has relocated the overvoltage protection mechanism from the cable to the detachable probe head and developed effective protection against cables being bitten through - thus ensuring that even the supply cable is effectively protected against damage. The LMK 808 combines measurement precision with long-term stability and minimal maintenance outlay.


text:
OLR Bill Analysis
AN ACT CONCERNING THE ASSAULT OF A LIQUOR CONTROL AGENT.
This bill makes assault of a liquor control agent a class C felony (punishable by one to 10 years in prison, a fine of up to $ 10,000, or both), the same penalty as for assault of public safety, emergency medical, and public transit personnel, among others. A person commits this crime by assaulting a reasonably identifiable liquor control agent performing his or her duties, with intent to prevent the agent from performing them, by doing any of the following to the agent:
1. causing injury;
2. throwing objects capable of causing harm;
3. using tear gas, mace, or a similar harmful agent;
4. throwing paint, dye, or any other offensive substance; or
5. throwing bodily fluid, such as feces, blood, or saliva.
Current law does not have the specific crime of assault of a liquor control agent. Generally, assaults are punishable, depending on the conduct, by penalties ranging from a class A misdemeanor (up to one year in prison, a fine of up to $ 2,000, or both) to a class A felony (punishable by 10 to 25 years in prison, a fine of up to $ 20,000, or both).
EFFECTIVE DATE: October 1, 2013
Liquor Control Agents
Department of Consumer Protection liquor control agents conduct investigations and enforce the civil and licensing portions of the Liquor Control Act. In addition, agents provide training and assistance to local and state police officers on criminal aspects of liquor law enforcement.
General Law Committee


text:
Evaluation of carrier RNA and low volume demineralization for recovery of nuclear DNA from human teeth
- 446 Downloads
Teeth and bones are frequently used in the genetic analysis of degraded and ancient human and animal remains. Standard extraction methods, including most commercially available systems, may not yield sufficient DNA to enable successful genetic analysis. Addition of a carrier molecule and demineralization (via EDTA) can increase yields from samples containing limited amounts of DNA. However the benefits of carrier molecules have not been demonstrated for bones and teeth and demineralization introduces large reagent volumes that are difficult to integrate into commercial DNA extraction systems.
We compared nuclear DNA yields recovered from small samples of partially decomposed human teeth using a commercial silica-based DNA extraction system with and without the addition of carrier RNA and/or a low-volume demineralization step.
DNA yield was significantly improved with demineralization, but there was no significant effect of carrier RNA. The DNA content of a sample did not influence the significance of the effect of demineralization.
Using a simple low-volume (1 mL) demineralization step, prior to DNA extraction with the QIAmp DNA Investigator kit (Qiagen), as little as 50 mg of tooth powder can yield more than 500 ng of nuclear DNA.
KeywordsDemineralization Carrier RNA DNA extraction Teeth
- 7.Qiagen. QIAamp DNA investigator handbook. Qiagen: Hilden Germany; 2007.Google Scholar


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Deaf people use the region of the brain associated with hearing to sense vibrations, a new study shows. "These findings illustrate how altered experience can affect brain organization," says investigator Dean Shibata of the University of Washington. He presented his results yesterday at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America.
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), Shibata scanned the brains of 10 deaf students and 11 students with normal hearing while they experienced intermittent vibrations on their hands. All the subjects showed activity in the region of the brain that processes vibrations. The deaf students, however, also exhibited activity in the auditory cortex, a golf-ball-size area used in hearing. "In someone who is deaf," he explains, "the young brain takes advantage of valuable real estate in the brain by processing vibrations in the part of the brain that would otherwise be used to process sound."
Because vibrations and sound have similar features, Shibata notes, it makes sense that the brain can adapt to replace one with the other in a processing region. What's more, he suggests, it may be helpful to expose deaf children to music and vibrations converted from speech sounds early in life while their brains are still developing.


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Las Palmas Water Theatre
The Las Palmas Water Theatre by Grimshaw was based on the biomimetic design principle of mimicking process - in this case the way in which the Namibian fog-basking beetle has evolved a way to create its own fresh water in a desert.
This scheme employed similar ingenuity to take advantage of the sunny conditions, steady wind direction and cold seawater to create large amounts of desalinated water for the town of Las Palmas. The evaporators and condensers which are the basis of this technology were arranged to create a back-drop to an outdoor amphitheatre. What might normally have been a mundane piece of infrastructure is elevated to the level of sculpture.


text: In this study, we develop a compressible fluid analysis program that enables fully automatic generation of computational grids using Hierarchical Cartesian grids and immersed boundary methods. However, these methods are associated with low analysis accuracy, oscillations observed in the surface distribution, and violations of conservation laws near an object. This is because the object geometry is represented using a specific algorithm within the flow solver. We demonstrate that the proposed method is sufficiently accurate by comparing its results with those obtained via the conventional analysis method using body fitted grids. We also explain why the surface physical quantity distribution oscillates when the grid resolution is relatively low. In addition, we have clarified why conserved quantities in the vicinity of the object are not conserved and proposed a method to resolve this problem. Herein, we show that mass conservation is strictly followed by the proposed method.


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MIT Technology Review
Google's auto-complete for speech can cover up glitches in video calls
The news: With many of us now relying on video calls for face-to-face interaction, choppy connections are more frustrating than ever. An artificial intelligence that mimics an individual speaker's way of talking can smooth over the cracks by filling in small gaps with snippets of generated speech. Developed by a team at Google, the technology is now being used in Google's video-calling app Duo
What's the problem? When you're on an online call your voice gets chopped up into lots of tiny pieces that are zipped across the internet in data blocks known as packets. Packets often arrive at the other end jumbled up and software has to reorder them. But sometimes packets don't arrive at all, which creates glitches and gaps in a conversation. This happens at the best of times. According to Google 99% of Duo calls have to deal with jumbled up or lost packets. A tenth of those calls lose more than 8% of their audio.
Generating speech: To fix the problem, the team built on a neural network developed by DeepMind that can generate realistic speech from text. Called WaveNetEQ, the new neural network was then trained on a large dataset of 100 recorded human voices speaking 48 different languages until it could auto-complete short sections of speech based on common patterns in the way people talk. Because Duo is end-to-end encrypted, the AI runs on the device, not the cloud. During a call, WaveNetEQ is able to learn characteristics of a speaker's voice and generates audio snippets that match both the style and content of what the speaker is saying. When a packet is lost, the AI generated voice is inserted in its place.
For now, the AI can only generate syllables rather than whole words or phrases. But short samples Google posted online show that the results can be pretty lifelike. In one case, the AI replaces the second syllable of the word "trouble" in a voice that mimics the male speaker exactly.


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Arts Magazine: Treatment Plan
From Minnesota Artists Exhibition Program
Treatment Plan: Narrative Drawings by Gabrielle Ellertson
Born in 1937 in Germany, Gabriele Ellertson survived the ravages of war and its aftermath. Despite the hardships endured, today she speaks matter-of-factly about her family losing its home and moving from one refugee camp to another. Clearly she lives in the moment and is grounded in her art and in the physical truth of her world.
Gabriele's mother, an amateur artist, encouraged her young daughter's passion for drawing. But it was the broken German economy that dictated Gabriele's first career path. Strongly urged by her family to train for practical work, she studied science and medical technology for two years at the University of Marburg in West Germany. At age 23 she moved to South Africa and began working as a medical researcher. Her experience as an X-ray technician and her involvement with a variety of virus studies were revelatory: What you see with your eyes is often only half the story.
Several years after she had married Carroll Ellertson and borne three daughters, Gabriele began her formal art training-through a correspondence program with the University of South Africa, at Pretoria. During much of the 1970s the family lived in a Zulu village of 900 people, a place called Rorkes Drift. Ellertson and her husband taught painting, drawing, printmaking, and tapestry weaving at the community's Art and Craft Center, a combination school and studio that served 200 African artists and craftspeople. As instructor and assistant to the director of the center, Gabriele organized exhibitions of African art in both South Africa and the United States.
Toward the end of their South African stay, Ellertson studied printmaking with Karl Bethke, a University of Minnesota instructor and master printer who came to Rorkes Drift for a year. In 1979 she and her family moved, for medical reasons, to the U.S. and settled in Minnesota, her husband's native state. Here she pursued a master's of fine arts degree at the University of Minnesota, which she received in 1980.
Gabriele Ellertson credits Lynn Gray, an artist and professor in the graduate program at the University of Minnesota, with helping her recognize that drawing could be an end in itself. Historically, drawing has been considered a means to some other end; preliminary sketches and studies are realized later in a print or a painting. But since graduate school, Ellertson has actively demonstrated her belief in drawing as a primary and independent art form, one she reveres for its directness. "You put your mark down, and you know exactly what you have," she explains succinctly. The great drawers of modern history, especially Cy Twombly and his kinesthetic abstractions, inspire her. And her artistic sensibility is also connected to the very fundamental mark-making of prehistoric tradition-such as the 20,000-year-old drawings in caves like Lascaux.
Ellertson's work of the past decade has been notable for its directness of vision and difficult subject matter. Also evident is her frank appreciation for the drawn mark and the simple tools that make it. A certain kind of grace surrounds her images of illness and death, tempering their inherent darkness. The striking effect of Ellertson's work is elegance, not morbidity.
A one-woman exhibition of Ellertson's work, titled "Treatment Plan," is on view in the Institute's Minnesota Gallery from November 11, 1994, to January 15, 1995. Presented by the Minnesota Artists Exhibition Program, "Treatment Plan" features three distinct cycles of narrative drawing in which the artist explores several conceptual themes and pursues her intention of making the invisible visible.
For example, in her cycle of medical drawings and her use of technology to reveal bodily structure, she combines images originally seen by the artist's naked eye with those seen through the "eyes" of the X-ray machine and the CAT scanner. (The title of the exhibition is, in fact, a term associated with CAT-scan technology. It refers to a radiation strategy, as well as to the question of treating drawing as a viable art form.) Ellertson adds a third dimension to these two kinds of vision: the unseen but nonetheless palpably real response of the body to distress. The result are drawings of body surface, skeletal structure, tissue pattern, and the perceived sensation of pain or illness that illustrate the multifaceted nature of physical reality.
On a certain level these works are connected to her husband's death and her own experience with illness and recovery, But she is clear to state that they are more generally about awareness and life. "When you are healthy, you don't know your body," she says. "Stress makes a body aware of its trouble, aware of its existence." Ellertson hopes these works will encourage viewers to consider the truth of their own physical existence.
The second cycle is a collection of sparsely drawn humorous images that resulted from a month-long residency, in 1993, with a West German art association called GEDOK Studios in Luebeck. Near the end of her stay Ellertson ran out of drawing materials and was presented with two bottles of ink-one black, one yellow-with which to work. On one of her daily walks in the woods nearby- "The German woods are very dark and sculpted, and they are filled with large black slugs"-she captured a snail-like creature and took it to her room to study. Then, armed with paper, brush, yellow and black ink, and an invertebrate model, she began a series of woks that reveal the surprising beauty of this simple life-form. Ellertson playfully depicts the slug in a variety of anthropomorphic states-startled, confused, transparent. Although these drawings are unusual for their implicit humor, they are consistent with Ellertson's larger body of work in two important ways: They tell a story, and they reveal a direct appreciation for the simple materials and truths of the physical world.
In her third cycle of drawings Ellertson links the German versions of the stories of Hansel and Gretel and Rapunzel with Gothic Christian imagery to disclose intersecting themes of sacrifice and transformation. Her merging of the sacred with the prosaic (Rapunzel and the Gothic Christ are drawn to be one and the same) subverts the absolutes of religion, presenting it instead as a cultural construct. "There are no absolutes," declares Ellertson. Ever skeptical about religious conventions, she favors an existential approach to questions of morality and mortality. "This is it!" she states emphatically. "Nothing comes of putting a body in the ground but the radishes on top."
There may seem to be a pervasive darkness to Gabriele Ellertson's philosophy. But without darkness there is no light. And this singular artist is quick to point out that mere radishes represent a marvelous miracle of their own.
Cynde Randall is an artist and the program associate for the Minnesota Artists Exhibition Program.
Gabriele Ellertson will lead a public tour of her exhibition on Sunday, January 8, at 3 P.M.
The Minnesota Artists Exhibition Program of the Minneapolis Institute of Arts is made possible by the Jerome Foundation and the National Endowment for the Arts. Major support for the Institute's exhibitions is provided by The Bush Foundation and the Dayton Hudson Foundation on behalf of Dayton's and Target Stores.
Citation: Cynde Randall, "Treatment Plan: Narrative Drawings by Gabrielle Ellertson," Arts 17, no. 11 (November 1994): 6-7.


suryaprakash
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The Flour Mill
The Flour Mill of La Hiruela is located on the banks of the Jarama River, surrounded by Cherry and Elder trees in a wonderful recreational area.
The first historical references of the flour mill date back to the second half of the eighteenth century. Up to 1888 it was communal property, but in that year it was sold to a neighbor of Torrelaguna.
However, in a few years it changed ownership several times until it was finally acquired by 65 Natural partners of La Hiruela representing practically all the families of the municipality. This participation of the neighbors as shareholders of the flour mill restored it's communal identity which it maintained until the end of it's days in active. Throughout the twentieth century the mills of Rodezno fell into disuse and were abandoned but this one remained because of its geographical isolation. During the postwar period most of the mills were sealed as a measure of rationing. However, many continued to grind in the underground, as was the case of the La Hiruela mill.
The end of the activity, in 1975, coincided with the opening of a bakery in the village. In 2001 the La Hiruela Mill was restored with funds from the Madrid and and European Community.
This restoration made it possible to recover the molars and the structure of the building that had collapsed with the passage of time on the vault leaving the original building sunk.


The Avodah Blog
Supporting Survivors of Violence: A conversation with Kelsey Saragnese
In honor of Sexual Assault Awareness Month, we spoke with Avodah Fellowship 2018-2019 alumna Kelsey Saragnese about her work in the field of violence prevention.
Kelsey Saragnese photoA fervent advocate for violence prevention, Kelsey Saragnese has dedicated her career to helping people understand how to support and empower survivors of interpersonal, domestic and sexual violence.
Her passion for human rights dates back to childhood, but it wasn't until college that she was exposed to the complexities of oppression and social justice. She attended University of Missouri and worked in a resource center that sought to shift the campus culture around issues of violence and justice. Kelsey felt pulled toward facilitating dialogues and working with people on culture change.
"It lit a spark for me. I was always really passionate about issues that predominantly affect women, girls, and queer and trans people. As a kid I was interested in human rights issues but never had the perspective of seeing how violence and oppression was affecting my own community. A lot of people in my personal life have been affected by domestic or interpersonal violence. I came to understand the intersecting systems that create conditions for poverty, suffering and violence."
Kelsey graduated with a degree in women's and gender studies and relocated to Kansas City. She has been able to carry on her passion for anti-violence and social justice work into her career, and now does education and prevention at a rape crisis center. The job isn't easy, but she says two things keep her going: the women, queer, and trans people who did this work before her and the next generation of leaders she gets to work with. She likens it to a quote from Alice Walker, who said, "Activism is the rent I pay to live on this planet."
Kelsey works with youth, primarily middle and high school students, who inspire and motivate her. The language and skills that they have, compared to where she feels she was at as a high schooler herself, makes her hopeful for the future. The youth she works with want people to be safe and authentically themselves, and Kelsey offers them a space where they can be those things.
"People come in with all sorts of backgrounds, experiences, beliefs and ideas. Sometimes we just scratch the surface of what violence is. Sometimes, people are grappling with complicated questions. 'What does it mean if the world isn't a safe place?' 'What does it mean if they have to challenge things they learned from other people?' Do they trust me enough to challenge those ideas? I try to have a really authentic conversation."
Recently, many of the conversations have centered on police brutality. There is a history of white Americans falsely accusing men of color, particularly Black men, of violence, leading to violence against them and wrongful charges. According to the National Registry of Exonerations, innocent Black people are seven times more likely to be wrongfully convicted of murder than innocent white people. Kelsey helps her audience navigate those conversations and struggle with what it means to believe survivors in a flawed system.
When asked how people can support survivors of interpersonal, domestic and sexual violence, Kelsey has one key piece of advice — listen.
"Listen authentically without questioning, without judging, without wanting to jump in and save the day and offer a solution. Let them know they can trust you. So often, even the most well intentioned people — when we hear someone important to us has been hurt — we want to fix it. The most important thing to remember is the person who's been in that situation, their power has been taken away. The agency over their own body and life wasn't important to that person who was hurting them. We can put that power back in their hands by really hearing them."
She understands that talking about sexual violence can feel really taboo and scary. She wants people to know that an experience of violence does not define who somebody is.
"It doesn't mean that person is broken, it doesn't mean that person won't be able to heal, that they're not whole. We might feel like we have to tiptoe around the idea that people have been hurt but a huge part of the healing process for a lot of folks is reclaiming their narrative. 'This is something that happened and this is what happens next.'"
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Global demand for cement continues to increase and analysts project that the industry will maintain a healthy growth rate well into 2020. This positive outlook translates into mounting pressures on the manufacturers to increase throughput of new and existing plants while at the same time striving to reduce the environmental impact of cement manufacture though process optimization and use of clinker substitutes.
This presentation reviews the importance of elemental and mineralogical analysis and the value of precise analytical data to plant operations. It also discusses the importance of cement fineness and how precision and timeliness aspects of particle size analysis are related to production control and efforts to optimize grinding and reduce energy consumption.


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Concerns about nitrates in private drinking water supplies in the older poultry growing areas of Arkansas prompted soil and water testing in the early 1990's. Exposed poultry house pads were recognized as a potential source of nitrates in the groundwater. Soils beneath nine different poultry house pads in five counties were sampled in 10-30 cm increments to bedrock or to a maximum sampling depth of 90 cm. The nine sites had been exposed to natural weathering conditions ranging from never to for more than 20 years. Routine soil tests were conducted by the University of Arkansas Soil Testing Lab at Marianna according to standard methods (Mehlich III extractant). The relatively immobile elements P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn were mainly concentrated in the upper part of the soil profiles (0-30 cm). The more leachable NO3-N, K, and SO4-S were generally found throughout the soil profile. Sodium was found in high concentrations throughout the soil profile at two sites. This study shows that nitrate-N, potassium, and sulfate-S from exposed poultry house pads and manure storage areas have the potential of leaching into groundwater. The other eight elements tested do not pose a threat of leaching, but are possible surface water contaminants.
Chapman, Stanley L. and Teague, William R.
"Changes in Soil Chemistry Beneath Exposed Poultry House Pads and Manure Storage Areas,"
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 53, Article 6.
Available at: _URL_


text:
Jump to navigation Jump to search
|Look up switching in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.|
Switching may refer to:
Computing and technology
- Switching, functions performed by a switch:
- Switching, a synonym for shunting in rail transport
- Switching (ecology), a pattern of predation describing predators's selection of food based on its abundance
- Switching (film), a 2003 Danish interactive film
- Code-switching, of languages
- Immunoglobulin class switching, an immunological mechanism that changes the type of antibody produced by B cells
- Task switching (psychology), an experimental research paradigm used in cognitive psychology
| disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Switching.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.


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Big Buck Bunny
This article relies too much on references to primary sources. (September 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
|Big Buck Bunny|
|Directed by||Sacha Goedegebure|
|Produced by||Ton Roosendaal|
|Written by||Sacha Goedegebure|
|Music by||Jan Morgenstern|
Big Buck Bunny (code-named Project Peach) is a 2008 short (roughly 10 minutes) computer-animated comedy film featuring animals of the forest, made by the Blender Institute, part of the Blender Foundation. Like the foundation's previous film, Elephants Dream, the film was made using Blender, a free and open source software application for 3D computer modeling and animation made by the same foundation. It was released as an open-source film under Creative Commons License Attribution 3.0.
The plot follows a day in the life of Big Buck Bunny, during which he meets three bullying rodents, Frank (the leader of the rodents), Rinky and Gimera. The rodents amuse themselves by harassing helpless creatures of the forest by throwing fruits, nuts and rocks at them.
Following the deaths of two of Bunny's favorite butterflies (one by an apple being fallen on it and the other by Frank smashing it with a rock) and an offensive attack on Bunny himself, Bunny sets aside his gentle nature and orchestrates a complex plan to avenge the two butterflies.
Using a variety of traps, Bunny first dispatches of Rinky and Gimera. Next, Frank, who is unaware of the other two's fate, is seen taking off from a tree and gliding towards a seemingly unsuspecting Bunny. Once airborne however, Bunny's final series of traps are set off, ultimately distracting Frank from his task of flight, and causing him to crash into a tree branch and plummet into a spike-trap below. At the last moment, Frank is able to grab onto what he believes is the branch of a small tree, but quickly learns is just a twig being held up over the spikes by Bunny. Rather than being impaled by the spike trap, Frank is snatched up by Bunny to become his prisoner.
The movie concludes with Bunny pleased with himself, as a butterfly flies past him, holding a string at the end of which Frank is attached as a kite (flying).
Following Elephants Dream (2006), Big Buck Bunny is the first project by the Blender Foundation to be created by the Blender Institute, a division of the foundation set up specifically to facilitate the creation of open content films and games.
Work began in October 2007. The film was funded by the Blender Foundation, donations from the Blender community, pre-sales of the film's DVD and commercial sponsorship. Both the final product and production data, including animation data, characters and textures are released under the Creative Commons Attribution License. It was rendered on Sun Microsystems' grid computing facility Sun Grid.
As in Elephants Dream, Blender developers worked extensively to improve the software in accordance with the needs of the movie team. Improvements were made in hair and fur rendering, the particle system, UV mapping, shading, the render pipeline, constraints, and skinning. Also introduced during the project was approximate ambient occlusion. These features were released to the public with Blender v. 2.46.
High-resolution and stereoscopic versions of the film were released in 2013 by Janus Kristensen.
The film was followed up with an open game titled Yo Frankie!, in August 2008.
The main character (called Big Buck Bunny) was also used in short films created by Renderfarm.fi: What is Renderfarm.fi? (2011) telling about the advantages of render farms and BBB loves CC (2012) promoting Creative Commons licences. The bunny's voice was given by Jan Morgenstern, who was the composer of a Big Buck Bunny movie soundtrack.
- "Sacha Goedegebure". IMDb. Retrieved 2016-02-13.
- "Sacha Goedegebure". Retrieved 20 February 2016.
- "Premiere Big Buck Bunny today!". 2008-04-10. Retrieved 2008-05-30.
- "The release!". 2008-05-11. Retrieved 2008-05-30.
- "Big Buck Bunny builds a better Blender". Linux.com. 2008-06-30. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
- McConnachie, Dahna (January 15, 2008). "Open source on the big screen: Matt Ebb tells tales of Elephants Dream". Computerworld. Archived from the original on 2008-02-18.
- Paulo, Rui; Diogo, Sanguinheira (December 2007). "Modelling 2.50". Linux-Magazin.
- "BigBuckBunny.org About". Retrieved 2013-04-20.
- "About". Peach Open Movie. Blender Foundation. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
- "Blender Institute". Blender Foundation. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
- "Sun's Network.com Renders Computer-Animated Movie "Big Buck Bunny"". Sun Microsystems. Archived from the original on 7 June 2008. Retrieved 2008-06-22.
- "The Renderfarm (how it works)". Blender Foundation. Retrieved 2008-06-22.
- "Blender Changelog for 2.46, with BBB-added features".
- "BBB Premiere". Peach Open Movie. Blender Foundation. Retrieved 2008-03-04.
- "BBB Files released". Peach Open Movie. Blender Foundation. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
- "Big Buck Bunny 3D". bbb3d.renderfarming.net.
- "Renderfarm.fi » Category » Tags » Big Buck Bunny". Renderfarm.fi. Archived from the original on 2012-03-30. Retrieved 2014-07-04.
- Video on YouTube
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Big Buck Bunny.|


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I have a fastrack supreme 10 modem. I have hooked up the GPIO pins to a transistor(base). But both a low and high output turns on the transistor. Is there any way i can make the transistor turn on at a high level only?
That's a basic electronics question - nothing specifically to do with the Fastrack.
You must look in the Fastrack User Guide to find the output characteristics of its GPIOs, and use them to design your transistor circuit accordingly.
If you have connected the transistor's base directly to a GPIO, you have probably blown-up the transistor!
Take a look at this site for some introductory transistor stuff: _URL_.htm
Oh cuz the voltages and currents dont seem to be stable. Seems like different voltages based on wheather the modem is plugged into the computer or not…
In what way do they seem to be "not stable" - how did you measure them?
Again, how & where are you observing these voltages?
How are you "plugging" the modem "into" the computer?
I use a digital Multimeter to measure then…one end to the modem GPIO the other end to ground
Plugged into the computer via the serial cable…


text:
Activity Plan 2 for Plan Ahead and Prepare
Exploring Meal Planning
This activity will take approximately 70 minutes.
What Your Group Will Learn
After participating in this activity plan, which is designed to familiarize participants with meal planning, participants will be able to
- Describe reasons for planning meals and snacks prior to a trip.
- Create a recipe for a one-pot meal.
- Choose lightweight snacks.
Group members will compare two backpacks: one packed with one-pot meals and lightweight snacks and the other packed with more complex meals and bulky snacks. Group members will use the weight of the packs and the amount of garbage created from the meals and snacks to determine the best preparation for meal and snack planning.
Materials and Preparation
- A backpack packed with one-pot meals (see menus in this section) and snacks such as trail mix, fruit sticks, hard candies, and dried fruit. All meals items in this pack should be repackaged into resealable plastic bags to reduce bulk, secure food, and reduce garbage. For example, transfer items such as instant rice, cereal, and noodles from commercial packaging into sealable bags. The bags can be packed out, washed, and reused at home or used for garbage created or picked up during the trek.
- A backpack packed with more bulky meals such as hot dogs, canned chili, canned soup, canned stew, bottled ketchup, and snacks such as cans of pop, canned fruit, and a jar of peanuts.
- Read this entire activity plan and the Background on the Principles of Leave No Trace thoroughly.
- Prepare two backpacks prior to your group's arrival. The one packed with one-pot meals and lightweight snacks should be considerably lighter and create less garbage than the one packed with more complex meals and bulky snacks.
Grabbing Your Group's Attention (10 minutes)
Preparing a menu and snacks ahead of time will help group members pack lightly with a minimal amount of garbage and will make the use of a stove more convenient, eliminating the need for a campfire.
Show students the two closed backpacks. Let each participant try on both packs. Take a vote to determine which pack is lighter and likely more comfortable. Without looking at the contents of the backpacks, have your group list items that might be contributing to the weight of the heavier pack.
Steps for Teaching the Activity (30 minutes)
On the Lighter Side
Divide the participants into two groups. Give a pack to each group and have group members unpack the packs and categorize the food items.
Ask each group how long it thinks it will take to prepare the meals from its pack. Focusing on the meal preparation items only, have the participants compare the items from each pack. Ask the group what characteristics of the meal and snack items from the heavier pack contribute to its weight.
Answers may vary depending on what each pack contains. Try to create a situation that allows the group to see how planning for one-pot meals, repackaging foods, and taking light snacks reduces the amount of garbage that must be packed out.
Discuss the differences in litter that would result from cooking meals and snacking from the items in each pack. Your choice of items in the packs will affect responses. Again, try to create a situation that allows the group to see how planning for one-pot meals, repackaging foods, and taking light snacks reduces the amount of garbage that must be packed out.
Ask participants which pack would require the fewest utensils for cooking and the smallest fire. One-pot meals can be made with one pot and can be cooked on a small backpacking stove. Cooking hot dogs and heating beans either requires the use of two pots or the use of a campfire.
Wrapping Up the Activity (30 minutes )
Your campers are great backcountry planners! Your group knows how to have fun while preserving the naturalness of the outdoors for wildlife and visitors. How well has each person learned to plan meals and lightweight snacks?
- Have participants create a menu for their favorite one-pot meal and suggest lightweight snacks for one full day in camp.
- Describe how their meals and snacks will lighten their backpacks, reduce garbage, and eliminate the need for a fire.
- Hold a backyard cookout with camp stoves or a backcountry cook-off for advanced groups. Taste each dish and then vote. Reward the winners with Leave No Trace-type prizes. Have people create a lightweight, economical, one-pot meal that produces a minimum of trash, or have a tasting party with dried fruits and other noncook backpack foods.
Congratulations on conducting a well-prepared meeting for your group!
Couscous You Say
1 cup water
1 cup packaged couscous mix
1 package dry vegetable soup mix
Bring water to a boil. Add couscous (a quick grain dish available in supermarkets) and soup mix. Cook until water is absorbed and couscous is tender. Variations: Add one beef bouillon cube; add Vienna sausages or pepperoni.
1 package freeze-dried refried beans
Cook beans according to instructions on the package. Heat tortillas over a flame. Add refried beans and cheese.
Check local outdoors stores and your public library for magazines and camping books that have one-pot recipes.


What is Foolsaurus?
Sarbanes-Oxley Act
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (often called SOX for short) is a law that was passed in the wake of the Enron and Worldcom scandals. SOX requires public companies to have greater internal controls.
Expanded Definition
SOX is a set of highly controversial regulations imposed by the government to help ensure that the accounting scandals and subsequent failures of Enron and Worldcom aren't repeated. The basic goals of the act were three fold, to increase transparency in the accounting of public companies, to ensure independence in the auditing process of public companies, and to install harsher penalties for violators.
The major changes implemented in the act include-
 - The creation of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board or PCAOB. A new government entity with whom all public companies must register. PCAOB oversees all public accounting firms to ensure accurate compliance with SOX is uniform.
 - Increased responsibility and liability for corporate leadership (CEO, CFO) for accuracy and completeness of financial statements produced by the company. The CEO must now also sign the corporate tax form.
 - Requires stricter and prompter reporting of accounting changes such as off-balance sheet transactions
 - Mandatory disclosure of potential conflict of interest for securities analysts covering public companies. The act also gives the SEC increased power to punish analysts and other securities professionals (such as brokers) who break the law.
 - Increased the severity of specific penalties for and enumerated what constitutes white collar crime and corporate fraud. The act also gives the SEC greater latitude to freeze assets when corporate fraud is suspected. Whistle-blowers are also given greater protections under the act.
 - Authorized research into the nature of the previous fraud occurred.
The act is named after the two congressmen who sponsored it, Paul Sarbanes (D-MD) and Michael Oxley (R-OH).
Criticism and Praise
SOX is highly controversial and it's full effects are still debated.
Critics charge that SOX is far too restrictive, costing companies and consequently taxpayers billions of dollars as well reducing America's competitiveness for attracting and creating new companies. They also claim that SOX is so restrictive that many companies new choose to go private to avoid its scrutiny and that many new up and coming companies decide against going public due to SOX's prohibitive costs. Some critics also contend that SOX is particularly damaging to smaller and foreign companies due the disproportionate time requirements and cost to them.
Proponents argue that SOX provides greater transparency for investors and was necessary to restore confidence in the market after the numerous accounting scandals that occurred at the turn of the century such Enron, Worldcom, Adelphia and Tyco.
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Two large planters, situated at Edale Train Station along the Hope Valley line, have been re-planted by Edale Station Friends with wonderful blanket bog species. The plants have been funded by Severn Trent as part of the Moor Water project.
Originally installed under the MoorLIFE 2020 project, the planters are joined by interpretation boards which explain which species you can expect to see in the planters and also when out walking in the local area – particularly, in moorland areas such as Kinder. These include both common and hare's tail cotton grass (can you tell the difference?!), crowberry that flowers in late spring and bears a dark black berry in the autumn and cross-leaved heath that has distinctive pink bell-shaped flowers between June and September.
When you visit Edale, perhaps to take hike up to Kinder Scout or Mam Tor, be sure to look out for the planters and see if you can identify which species is which.
If you are heading for the hills, you can also download our handy moorland ID app, Explore Moor. Free to download, the app is a field pocket-guide for the sights and sounds of the moors – including wildlife species, plant species and landscape features. Particularly helpful at this time of year, is being able to match the bird calls featured in the app with those you can hear on the moor. A couple to listen out for is the iconic warble of the curlew, and the unique call of the lapwing which sounds rather uncannily like a dial-up modem.
A huge thank you to Edale Station Friends for planting these moorland species and for continuing to care for them, and to Severn Trent for funding these specialist and wonderful plants under the Moor Water project. Read more about the Moor Water project, which was recently shortlisted for the Edie Awards (Sustainable Business) and for the CIEEM Awards 23 (Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management).


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I started alamedahistory.org in 2007 as a blog dedicated to collecting and sharing knowledge about the life of old houses, buildings and neighborhoods in northeast Portland, Oregon. My basic notion is that insight about the past adds new meaning to the present. My first post, "When Research Pays Off" was written to inspire others to learn more about their own homes.
While the editorial voice here is "we," the blog is just me. Connecting past and present is at the heart of my work: I write for the Oregon Encyclopedia and serve on its Editorial Board. I serve on the boards of Restore Oregon, the Oregon Geographic Names Board, the Forest History Society and the Salmonberry Trail Foundation. I volunteer for the Architectural Heritage Center leading walks and lectures about local history. And I'm a part-time faculty member in Portland State University's Hatfield School of Government. Busy is good.
Much of what's here is driven by my own curiosity, but also an outlet for insights gained while conducting research for clients. Read more about the research services I offer to assist you create your own connection with the past.
Always glad to consider invites to speak with groups and volunteer other activities that help inspire and teach about local history. Have an idea or question? Drop me a line and let's consider the possibilities: _EMAIL_
Doug Decker holds the copyright to all text on the Alameda Old House History website.


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Instead of training high school students for specific careers, provide "career-relevant" education, writes Dana Goldstein.
... we don't want to limit working class kids to these often low-skills, low-pay jobs. Instead, we should advocate for more creative curricular connections between school and various places of employment.
At Tech Valley High outside Albany, every student pursues an internship in January, reports The Nation.
This year, one teen shadowed an Amtrak engineer riding the Northeast Corridor; another interned at a local graphic design firm.
The flexibility of Tech Valley's career curriculum—students can choose an internship that matches their interests, from baking to computer coding to marine biology—goes a long way toward scrubbing away the stigma of CTE as the "slow track" for working-class kids with few options. Every academic subject at Tech Valley is organized around projects intended to introduce teenagers to potential occupations. A history class worked alongside local attorneys to put Christopher Columbus and other European explorers on mock trial for decimating Native American populations. For a unit on pH levels, biology students worked with employees of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation to collect Hudson River water samples and test whether the river was safe for swimmers.
Students can see how classroom learning can be used in the world of work, without being limited to a specific occupation, Goldstein writes.


peoplepill id: hunfrid-margrave-of-istria
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Hunfrid, Margrave of Istria
Hunfrid, Margrave of Istria
Margrave of Istria
Hunfrid, Margrave of Istria
The basics
Quick Facts
Intro Margrave of Istria
Is Noble Military leader
Type Military Royals
Gender male
The details (from wikipedia)
Hunfrid (I) was the Margrave of Istria and, according to some sources, Duke of Friuli from 799 to c. 804, when a Duke John was ruling Istria. He was the founder of the family called the Hunfridings.
Hunfrid first appears in Istria as marchio in 799, the same year that Eric of Friuli died.
He was an Aleman and a count in (or of) Rhaetia, in 806 and 808. Based on his presence in a list of personages in the libri memoriales of Reichenau and Sankt Gallen, he is presumed to have married Hitta (Hidda), an Udalriching and probably the niece or granddaughter of Gerold of Vinzgouw and thus a cousin or niece of Hunfrid's predecessor in Italy, Eric. Based on the same memorial books, he is probably the father of Adalbert, his successor in Rhaetia, Odalric, who became Count of Barcelona in another part of the Empire, and Hunfrid II, who became dux super Redicam (duke over Rhaetia) and father of the later Hunfriding Dukes of Swabia.
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More Wisconsin students receiving free and reduced school mealsStatewide, 42 percent of students in Wisconsin public schools receive free or reduced breakfast and lunch.
By: By Shamane Mills, Wisconsin Public Radio, Superior Telegram
More kids are getting free and reduced school meals in Wisconsin's public schools. For the eighth year in a row, there was an increase in eligibility for the program. Statewide, 42 percent of students in Wisconsin public schools receive free or reduced breakfast and lunch. Department of Public Instruction spokesman John Johnson says most of those meals are going to kids in families of four making less than 29-thousand dollars a year, "I think this is important for folks to understand: only 6. 2 percent of that 42.5 percent number are students receiving reduced priced lunches So the number of students in families at or below 130 percent of the poverty rate is the bulk of the students receiving aid."
The figures reflect community-wide food insecurity in some areas and anti hunger organizations like Second Harvest try to make sure students don't go home on the weekends or on school break hungry. Kris Tazelaar says Second Harvest operates a "BackPack Program" designed for small town and rural communities in south central Wisconsin,.
We've got backpack programs in Elroy, Evansville, Sun Prairie and Tomah," Tazelaar said. "Out of those programs we serve at least 850 children per month in those particular school districts. What it does is provide backpacks or bags filled with nutritious food that goes home with the kids on the weekends."
Superior has a similar backpack program called Nutrition on Weekends that serves approximately 88 students a week in the Superior and Solon Springs school districts.
Department of Public Instruction figures show Milwaukee schools have the highest percentage of free and reduced meals: 83 percent. In the last school year, three school districts around the state showed double digit increases. They are Northern Ozaukee, Argyle and White Lake.
In the Maple School District, the number of students eligible for free and reduced lunch rose to 39.6 percent, a 1.1 percent increase, according to DPI statistics. But the number of students eligible for the program dropped in both the Superior and Solon Springs school districts. The Superior School District went from 51.2 percent eligibility in the 2010-11 school year to 50.3 percent in the 2011-12 school year. Free and reduced lunch eligibility in the Solon Springs School District fell eight percent, from 54.2 percent last school year to 46.2 percent this year.


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Definition of glute
- a gluteal muscle.
Citation from "Lobsterfest", Bob's Burgers (TV), Season 1 Episode 12 (2011) blacked out to resolve Google's penalty against this site.
- See more words with the same meaning: muscles.
|+||Add a definition for this slang term|
Slang terms with the same meaning
Other terms relating to'muscles':
|Definitions include: muscles.|
|Definitions include: very toned abdominal muscles.|
|Definitions include: acronym for "adult baby".|
|Definitions include: biceps.|
|Definitions include: abdominal muscles.|
Slang terms with the same root words
None. How about some random words?
|Definitions include: very "bitchin'".|
|Definitions include: acronym for "talk amongst yourselves".|
|Definitions include: to hit. Often spoken as a sound effect when playfully hitting a friend, especially when they do or say something stupid.|
|Definitions include: a bad person or group.|
|Definitions include: to see, look at.|
|Definitions include: devious.|
|Definitions include: huge breasts.|
|Definitions include: to satisfy, make happy or excite.|
|Definitions include: to leave.|
|Definitions include: misspelling of "ratchet".|
|I use it||(3)|
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Average of 4 votes: 48% (See the most vulgar words.)
Your vote: None (To vote, click the pepper. Vote how vulgar the word is – not how mean it is.)
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To link to this term in a wiki such as Wikipedia, insert the following.
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Thursday, May 31, 2001
Scripps Students Win Environmental Awards
Scripps Institution of Oceanography / University of California, San Diegofont face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">
CONTACT: Mario Aguilera
FOR RELEASE: May 31, 2001
STUDENTS WIN ENVIRONMENTAL AWARDS
Two graduate students at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego, have been selected to receive academic awards established to support efforts to help better understand the environment.
Bonnie Becker, a graduate student in the biological oceanography curricular group at Scripps, was selected for a Switzer Environmental Fellowship by the Switzer Foundation and the San Francisco Foundation. Chosen as one of 10 scholars each receiving a $13,000 award, Becker was selected for her "strong academic record and demonstrated commitment to environmental protection and restoration and leadership qualities."
Becker is interested in scientifically informed coastal zone management and the design of marine reserves. Her research focuses on the dispersal of marine invertebrates settling in a small reserve in southern California.
The goal of the Switzer Foundation is to identify and nurture those individuals who have the "ability, determination, and integrity to become environmental leaders in the 21st century." The fellowships are directed toward improving the quality of our natural environment.
Becker also has been selected to receive the 2001 Bob Davey Memorial Scholarship from the Sierra Clubs North County (San Diego) chapter. The $1,000 award is given to graduate students conducting environmental work in San Diego County. She will formally accept the scholarship in September.
Originally from Roslyn, New York, Becker is a third-year doctoral candidate working with Professors Paul Dayton and Lisa Levin in the Marine Life Research Group at Scripps.
Joel Fodrie, a graduate student also studying in the biological oceanography curricular program, has won a Coastal Environmental Quality Initiative Graduate Research Award from the University of California Marine Council.
Fodrie will receive $10,000 to support his research evaluating the importance of coastal habitat types as productive nursery grounds for the California halibut.
The Coastal Environmental Quality Initiative supports efforts such as Fodries in the hopes they will become part of a systematic and long-term assessment of representative
environmental health indicators to understand how the coastal environment functions and how human activity has affected this zone. Such information, the initiative hopes, will not only increase our scientific understanding of both natural processes and human-induced changes, but also will be useful to legislators, policy makers, and managers of Californias ocean.
Fodrie, from Beaufort, North Carolina, is working with Professor Lisa Levin in the Marine Life Research Group as a first-year student at Scripps.
# # #
Note to broadcast and cable producers: University of California, San Diego provides an on-campus satellite uplink facility for live or pre-recorded television interviews. Please phone or e-mail the media contact listed above to arrange an interview.
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, at University of California, San Diego, is one of the oldest, largest and most important centers for global science research and education in the world. The National Research Council has ranked Scripps first in faculty quality among oceanography programs nationwide Now in its second century of discovery, the scientific scope of the institution has grown to include biological, physical, chemical, geological, geophysical and atmospheric studies of the earth as a system. Hundreds of research programs covering a wide range of scientific areas are under way today in 65 countries. The institution has a staff of about 1,300, and annual expenditures of approximately $155 million from federal, state and private sources. Scripps operates one of the largest U.S. academic fleets with four oceanographic research ships and one research platform for worldwide exploration.
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Nahdet Masr – Egypt's Awakening
Nahdet Masr statue
Nahdet Masr and Muslim Brotherhood supporters. Nov 30,2012
Nahdet Masr or Egypt's Awakening, the rose granite monumental statue that faces University Bridge in Giza, was born out of another era. Mahmoud Mukhtar (_PHONE_) sculptured Nahdet Masr to symbolize Egyptian national aspirations during the struggle for independence from British occupation that began in 1882. Mahmoud Mukhtar lived during tumultuous times not unlike what we are experiencing today. On the heels of World War I and in the wake of Egypt's 1919 Revolution, his response to the social and political changes of the day was in his art. By using his sculptures as vehicles to express the nation's awakening and national identity, he revived Egypt's old glory and raised Egyptian pride drawn from the antiquities of ancient Egypt.
4165801The Nahdet Masr statue is of a Sphinx and a peasant woman both representing Egypt. With her left hand she begins to unveil her face signifying Egypt's revival while her right arm stretches over the Sphinx, which recalls the greatness of Egypt's history. The sculptures pyramidal shape signifies resolve and confidence in the future. The Sphinx rises on it front paws to denote strength to intimidate its foes and enthusiasm for the future. The sculpture was fist unveiled in 1928 in front of the train station in Bab al -Hadid. In 1955 it was transferred to Giza and erected facing east so that each day as the sun strikes the monument as if to awaken Egypt.
Could Mahmoud Mukhtar be turning over in his grave as the Muslim Brotherhood rally around Nahdet Masr? Can all Egyptians, no matter their ideology, look to Nahdet Masr as a representation of expressions of national aspirations and identity? Or is this exactly what Mukhtar had in mind when he unveiled his sculpture to the world? The answer might be found in Mukhtar's own words, he said, "that he wished to create a statue that combined all the dreams of Egypt and its civilization, blending the glorious past with the nation's future aspirations. This is how the idea of Nahdet Masr was born." ("Tale of a statue: Nahdet Masr", Al Ahram Weekly, May 24-30, 2012).
Egypt has been a crossroad for every major civilization in the world and remnants of these ancient civilizations still remain, real treasures of world heritage. These relics are touchstones to past and give us insight to why it is in human nature to be remembered and glorified. From ancient Egyptians use of the pyramids and obelisks that symbolized timelessness and memorialization to the Mamluk's tomb complexes to present-day street statues, the use of monuments, sculptures, and statues have always represents authority, glory and identity of societies and civilizations.
Do people really care about these symbols? Judging from the defacing graffiti and the statues, on the demonstrator's routes, used as a climbing frame for a higher vantage point, the symbolism and significance of the statues that commemorate outstanding contributions of Egyptian leaders as well as representing national identity seemingly holds little importance in the public's consciousness. At best, the statues are invisible, (which may be what protects them from destruction).
Is Egypt experiencing a democratic awakening or falling into dismal chaos? It is certain that the ousted government of Hosny Mubarak had a 30 year window to position Egypt as a developed country. It is noteworthy to remember that under Mubarak, Egyptians did live in peace for 3 decades and the country's infrastructure did improve i.e. metro system, road and bridge development. There was progress in many fields and in some sectors the economy was doing well. However, Mubarak's government also turned a blind eye to the growing demand for political diversity and ignored serious poverty, population and unemployment issues, combined with the Internet, Twitter, Facebook – all components that level the playing field – and the overwhelming pressure of the underrepresented, Egypt's so-called revolution began to play itself out again on January 25, 2011, but can it be labeled an 'awakening' or 'revival'? The road will be long to answer that question.
Muslim Brotherhood rally on Nov.30, 2012 in front of Cairo University, Giza
5 thoughts on "Nahdet Masr – Egypt's Awakening
 1. Pingback: Nahdet Masr: Woman, Sphinx, and the Question of Modernity
 2. Thank you for reading my article on Nahdet Masr. Please give proper credit to my photograph of Nahdet Masr in your article as it is protected under international copyright law.
 Thank you
 Lesley Lababidi
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Back to Home Page or Contents Page or Hinduism or Index
Sudra is the third of four Hindu social categories, or varna. The origin of the term is uncertain, but is
regarded in the Rg Veda. The Sudras included the menials that were
assumed already present, at least within the Vedic
community, but not being "twice-born" or totally integrated. Their
emergence from under the feet of Purusa summarizes their social position.
Manasmrti states that a sudra's name should combine a note of his
low status with a description of his work, and that when dead, his body
should be carried out of the south gate, the penalty being, while the bodies
of the "twice-born" are taken out of any of the others. Some include
the Harijans or untouchables within
this category. A.G.H.
Bowker, John, The Oxford Dictionary of World Religions, New York, Oxford University Press, 1997, p. 925


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|Character Sketch for Dickens' A Christmas Carol|
|Fred has asked every person who comes to the party to write a short
essay that can be presented to the group. You'll leave a copy of the
paper for Scrooge to add to a scrapbook that he's creating so that he
can read over this information about his new friends after the party.
Your task is to understand the character you are portraying. Know the character well enough so that you can deliver a convincing performance to your audience.
You'll write a character sketch that Scrooge will add to his scrapbook. Since Scrooge will return to your writing later, it needs to show him who you are. Describe who you are, what you do, what you like, and so on. Everything that Scrooge needs to know to learn more about all the people he meets in his daily life.
You can use the Party Planner to gather ideas; then use the questions and tips below to organize and write your character sketch, which you'll present during the party.


text:
A Phonetics Workbook for Students Building a Foundation for Transcription, by Harbers, Heidi M.
Note: Supplemental materials are not guaranteed with Rental or Used book purchases.
- ISBN: 9780132825580 | _PHONE_
- Cover: Workbook
- Copyright: 7/31/2012
Understanding how sounds form-and how sounds combine to create wordsis imperative to learning how to transcribe speech phonetically. Taking a "meta" approach, A Phonetics Workbook for Studentsby Heidi Harbers prepares students to transcribe speech phonetically by helping them become aware of the sounds of English phonology. Following a systematic, learning-friendly organization, chapter's progress from awareness of sounds, to articulatory phonetics and IPA symbols, to transcription. Unlike other workbooks, its exercises are varied and challenging and develop both foundational and critical thinking skills. By teaching students how to develop both an ear and eye for phonetics, the workbook provides a superior foundation from which transcription skills can develop.


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Tall Buildings are Unfeasible in the Gateway Plan
Sea Level Rise expert Aldaron Laird, Danco president Chris Dart, and the Arcata Fire District Board of Directors, Chief, and Staff all agree — for three different reasons.
The January 10th meeting of the Planning Commission was especially informative about the prospect of taller buildings in the Gateway area.
We heard from Eric Loudenslager, Board of Directors of the Arcata Fire District, who told us that the AFD could not safely protect the occupants of a building taller than four stories. Even at four stories it is a dicey situation. "We've basically been lucky," he said. "We're telling them not to build another four-story Sorrel until we have a bigger fire department." (Referring to the 2022-built Sorrel Place on 7th Street.)
I spoke to the Commissioners concerning a two-hour conversation with renown sea level rise and Humboldt/Arcata Bay expert Aldaron Laird. In addition to the known threat of sea level rise, we have here in Arcata the matters of rising ground water (from increased flooding and from sea level rise) and the breaching of the dikes that keep the rising bay water away from low-lying land areas. The 2005 New Year's Eve king tide / storm — declared a "state of disaster" after bay waters came over Highway 101 — was the highest water elevation recorded to that date. Our average king tide heights now are less than a foot lower than that flooding event. It's likely that we will have regular flooding of the low land areas in Arcata within 20 years, and sea level rise into portions of the Gateway area within 30 or 40 years.
Having groundwater just a few feet below the surface affects the design and cost of constructing foundations. Sea level rise to levels where much of the new Gateway zoning would be located is just about certain to occur during the useful life of any buildings constructed in those locations. And the Coastal Commission, which has jurisdiction over any proposed project south of 8th Street (this includes the AmeriGas site, the Greenway site, the Wing Inflatables site, the trailer park, and more) has shown from recent considerations that they are looking at the 100-year sea level rise projections to assess safety and viability. To put that in perspective, in 100 years, by current projections, about 80% of the entire Gateway area will be under water.
To add to all this, the recent OLLI presentation about affordable housing was also brought up at this Planning Commission meeting. At that presentation, Danco president Chris Dart stated that any residential construction over four stories is not economically feasible in Arcata. (The deep financial resources of the university are the exception.) That is to say, housing priced so people can afford to live there cannot be done with taller buildings. Danco has built more affordable housing and more taller buildings than any other developer up here. I'd say Chris Dart knows what he's talking about.
By continuing to disregard acknowledged experts, Arcata Community Development Directory David Loya insists on promoting a plan which cannot — in its current form — possibly succeed. Is it a 20-year plan for 500 apartments, or a 60-year plan for 3,500 apartments? Will homes actually be offered for purchase from a plan that only "encourages" condominium home-ownership? Or will it be the case, as David Loya stated on June 28th, "when I met with the Humboldt Association of Realtors, they told me that there's no way you're going to get condominium projects."
Arcata needs a good plan. This Gateway plan is not it. It's not feasible, and a plan that can't be built is not really a plan at all. A good Gateway plan needs to be simpler, more practical, and actually possible — and with true affordable housing and home-ownership opportunities, as David Loya and the City's plan have promised, over and over. They have promised this, and they are incapable of making good on this promise.
I say: Let's make a better plan and move forward.


Bookmark Commands
Bookmark Commands
The bookmark commands context menu is available when you right-click on the bookmark in the bookmarks toolbar.
Bookmark Notes
1. Bookmark Notes
Bookmark notes allow you to associate a given log entry with a block of free-form text. Depending on the state of the current log entry, the bookmark notes command will either convert the current bookmark or display the already set bookmark notes.
Filter After
2. Filter After
Reads the time of the bookmarked log entry and creates a new Date Filter showing everything which occurred after that time.
Filter Before
3. Filter Before
Reads the time of the bookmarked log entry and creates a new Date Filter showing everything which occurred before that time.
Filter Between
4. Filter Between
When two or more bookmarks are selected this command will determine the start and end time of the underlying log entries and create a new Date Filter showing everything which occurred between the selected times.
Calculate Elapsed
5. Calculate Elapsed
Calculates the amount of time that has elapsed between the two selected bookmarks.
Compare Log Entries
6. Compare Log Entries
If you have configured LogViewPlus to use a compare tool (like WinMerge) the Compare Log Entries command will open the log entries of the two selected bookmarks using your configured tool. This is helpful for quickly determining the difference between two bookmarked log entries.
7. Copy
The copy commands are used to copy data to the Windows clipboard. You can either copy the full log entry as it was originally written or you can copy a particular cell within the grid. Copying cells is particularly helpful if you intend to create a text filter from the cell data.
8. Find
Finds the currently selected. This action is the same as double-clicking on the bookmark.
9. Delete
Permanently deletes the currently selected bookmark. Any notes associated with the bookmark will also be deleted.
10. Export
Saves all current bookmarks to a log file in your Windows Temp directory. This log file is then opened in LogViewPlus using a predefined pattern. This is helpful when you want to quickly view all log entries associated with your bookmarks. It can also be helpful if you need to remember the bookmarks you have created.
Show Bookmarked
11. Show Bookmarked
The show bookmark detail command opens the docked bookmark view.
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