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A kimberlite crater in Canada, said to be 53 million years old, yielded exquisitely preserved unfossilized wood.
Miners were digging for diamonds and found unfossilized wood encased in the rock. Diamonds are usually found in kimberlite dikes that erupt the gems rapidly from deep in the earth in "explosive phreatomagmatic events" (1/12/2012, 5/07/2007). The discovery was reported on PLoS ONE by Wolfe et al. ("Pristine Early Eocene Wood Buried Deeply in Kimberlite from Northern Canada," PLoS ONE 7(9): e45537. doi:10.1371/journal.pone._PHONE_):
We report exceptional preservation of fossil wood buried deeply in a kimberlite pipe that intruded northwestern Canada's Slave Province 53.3±0.6 million years ago (Ma), revealed during excavation of diamond source rock. The wood originated from forest surrounding the eruption zone and collapsed into the diatreme before resettling in volcaniclastic kimberlite to depths >300 m, where it was mummified in a sterile environment. Anatomy of the unpermineralized wood permits conclusive identification to the genus Metasequoia (Cupressaceae). The wood yields genuine cellulose and occluded amber, both of which have been characterized spectroscopically and isotopically. From cellulose δ18O and δ2H measurements, we infer that Early Eocene paleoclimates in the western Canadian subarctic were 12–17°C warmer and four times wetter than present. Canadian kimberlites offer Lagerstätte-quality preservation of wood from a region with limited alternate sources of paleobotanical information.
The genus Metasequoia includes the dawn redwood, a "living fossil" rediscovered in China. "Metasequoia was common in southern Alaska in the Late Paleocene and Early Eocene, producing a rich record of foliage and cones," they said. Fossils are rare in the discovery region due to extensive denudation and erosion by subsequent glaciers. Finding warm-climate conifer wood in a glaciated environment indicates huge climatic changes over time, and periods that supported extensive forestation in spite of much higher relative temperatures.
Fossil material can fall into a kimberlite crater as a result of the eruption, or can be washed in later. Both mechanisms occurred in the many kimberlite pipes in the region. Numerous pieces of fossil wood have been found by diamond miners over the years. The authors believe the "exceptional" sample they analyzed was entombed at the time of eruption:
We envisage that the source tree collapsed into the diatreme at the time of kimberlite emplacement. The great depth of burial suggests that it entered a narrow marginal boundary layer between the blast zone and the wall rock before becoming entombed. We consider the wood to be representative of the Early Eocene forest growing at the site at the time of magmatism. The lack of permineralization suggests that burial was rapid, and that little post-eruptive thermal or tectonic alteration has occurred at the locality.
Photographs of the wood tissues in the paper show clear cellular tissues at the microscopic level that retain their original material ("unpermineralized"), including tracheids and parenchyma cells. Most surprising was original cellulose, still intact:
Cellulose preservation in fossil conifers varies tremendously given the labile nature of constituent polysaccharides, mandating the need for quality control prior to isotopic analysis.… To our knowledge, this is the oldest verified instance of α-cellulose preservation to date, testifying to the remarkable preservation potential of kimberlite-hosted wood.
Amber fragments were also found within the wood. How could such delicate features survive a high-temperature eruption?
Despite the relatively subtle features attributed to thermal alteration noted above, we find little evidence that either the quality of cellulose preservation or the isotopic signatures of the various analyzed fractions have been overprinted. We thus envisage that cooling of the igneous body following emplacement in the diatreme was extremely rapid, potentially near-instantaneous, and surmise that any chemical changes to the entombed organic matter occurred in a closed system.
From oxygen isotope ratios, they inferred that the forest lived in a much warmer climate with rainfall four times higher than today. "The state of preservation of this wood is unequalled for material of this age, as exemplified by the exquisite quality of anatomical detail and the presence of α-cellulose," they said, using used the word "remarkable" three times in the paper. The crater was dated by the rubidium-strontium isochron method to be 53.3 million years old.
Update 9/22/2012: Live Science reported on the discovery. The article includes a photo of the specimen; it looks like a good-size chunk of firewood. The tree lived in a "swampier past" it said, noteworthy for the high latitude today (Northwest Territories); the fragment was found 1,000 feet down in the kimberlite pipe.
Well, this should raise some eyebrows. Original intact cellulose 53.3 million years old? Here's another opportunity for skeptics of the Moyboy Club (millions-of-years, billions-of-years) to look critically at this evidence. How long can original cellulose survive intact? You can't even keep it in your freezer for a century. The problem is not the data, but the story painted over it to make it look ancient, like an antiquing trick. (For reasons why isochron dating methods can produce fictitious results that are meaningless, see the 1/12/2005 entry.)
The millions-of-years riff adds nothing. It's like waving a magic wand over the observations to hypnotize the reader into thinking the wood must be incredibly ancient. Why? Because Darwin needs the time. Well, Darwin skeptics don't. Notice how everything else in the story was rapid: explosive eruption, tree falls in that same minute, cools "instantaneously," — 53 million yearzzzzzzzzz — quick discovery of intact cellulose in 2012.
The authors didn't think to look for carbon 14 in the wood, undoubtedly, because they believe (based on their commitment to deep time) that it would be hopeless – all traces of carbon 14 should be long gone. Here's an experiment someone should undertake. If these scientists got samples, there must be many others. Someone go look for carbon 14. Remember, the Moyboys were wrong before. They thought Metasequoia died out 20 million years ago, only to find them alive and well in China. Now you can buy dawn redwoods at the local nursery. Grow this "living fossil" in your yard as a living lesson in the fallibility of experts.


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East India Company's Capture of Ceylon Medal, 1807Image["Capture of Ceylon Medal, 1807"]
Obverse, English inscriptionImage["Capture of Ceylon Medal, 1807"]
Reverse, Persian inscription
East India Company's Capture of Ceylon Medal, 1807
The island of Ceylon, now Sri Lanka, was first taken over from its inhabitants by the Portuguese in 1505; the Dutch replaced them during the seventeenth century. In a campaign from 1795 to 1796 the British East India Company ousted Dutch rule and took the island over.
This medal was issued by the Company to a force of 123 Indian gunners from the Bengal Artillery who served in the campaign. It is unnamed, and the recipient's identity unknown. Lester Watson bought it from the dealer Gifford in 1927.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Skip to Main Content
High-speed digital signal integrity at data rates above 6 Gb/s is an obstacle to reliable serial link operation. Two signal integrity challenges include dispersion due to frequency-dependent losses and reflections created at impedance mismatches. Signal integrity analysis relies on time-domain simulation of pseudo-random data patterns. This paper explores a predictive method for interconnect eye closure caused by reflections at the transmitter and receiver and does not require extensive time domain simulation. Worst-case bounds on intersymbol interference and data-dependent jitter aid prediction for link budgets under channel variations. This method is applied to the design of a passive equalizer.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


How to Respond to Tragic Events and CalamitiesQuiz
This quiz is a complementary resource for activity 3 of this lesson: How to Explain Calamities and Tragic Events to Madrassah Children
Through this quiz students are tested on their understanding of how a believer responds to tragic events emotionally, physically and intellectually. Additionally, they are tested on their correct understanding of the concept of Qadar in relation to calamities that no one has control over, ones that are self-caused and ones that are caused by others to us.


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Conveyance Improvements Underway
Originally Published 1/3/2017
The Brick Church Pike Pipe Improvements project illustrates the sometimes demanding challenges that are encountered as Clean Water Nashville Overflow Abatement Program (CWNOAP) renews and enlarges Davidson County's sewer system.
The purpose of the Brick Church Pike Pipe Improvements project, located in Metro Council District 3, is to increase capacity in the sewer system and therefore reduce surcharging and sanitary sewer overflows caused by excessive rainwater entering the sewer system. Sanitary sewer overflows, or SSOs, are discharges of untreated sewage to the environment including public or private property.
Comprehensive, coordinated planning has been conducted to minimize construction impacts to local residents, businesses, and the environment while maintaining a safe work environment for all involved. Clean Water Nashville follows all local, state, and federal environmental policies in order to minimize disturbances to natural waterways, to conduct maintenance of riparian zones, and to protect natural habitat.
The construction work planned for Brick Church Pike Pipe Improvements includes:
Excavation, primarily through trenching, for installation of 9,400 linear feet of large diameter (24-inch to 30-inch diameter) gravity sewer pipe, 500 linear feet of small diameter sewer pipe, and associated manholes. This excavation and installation work will primarily occur in grassy areas outside of roadways.
Trenchless crossings of Briley Parkway, Brick Church Pike, and the North Fork of Ewing Creek with excavated bore pits on both sides of the crossing
Sewer rehabilitation, where needed, using slip lining methods
Careful work in and around the North Fork of Ewing Creek to install new sewer pipe while following applicable environmental policies for protection of creeks, streams, and preservation buffers
In addition to the Brick Church Pike Pipe Improvements project, two additional, interconnected projects have been identified by Clean Water Nashville in order to address sewer system limitations in the North Fork of Ewing Creek-area. These projects are the following:
Westchester Drive Rehabilitation: This neighboring project, completed in 2015, involved rehabilitating approximately 3,850 linear feet of 10- and 18-inch sewer pipe along and crossing the North Fork of Ewing Creek, a tributary to Whites Creek. The rehabilitation work is expected to renew the system infrastructure and address leaky pipes in the existing system. The Westchester Rehabilitation project area is immediately upstream of the Brick Church Pike Pipe Improvements project.
Ewing Creek/Brick Church Equalization Facility: During large rainfall events, the excess flow conveyed through the Brick Church Pike Pipe Improvements project will be temporarily stored in the Ewing Creek / Brick Church Equalization Facility. When constructed, that facility will consist of a 10.6 million gallon storage tank and an 18 million gallons per day wet weather pumping station. The new facility in conjunction with other projects will provide the necessary capacity to address sanitary sewer overflows in the area. The project is scheduled to start construction in 2017.


.g. "Dynamicweb.Frontend.FileViewModel".
You can either use one of the helper methods for converting the value to the right type (recommended) or you can use GetValue and then cast the value yourself.
Example: Rendering a Date field using GetValue or GetDateTime
Method
Example
Result
GetValue

@Model.Item.GetValue("Date")

01-11-2016 14:35:09

GetDateTime

@Model.Item.GetDateTime("Date").ToString("s")

2016-11-01T14:35:09

GetDateTime @Model.Item.GetDateTime("Date").Year
2016

Example: Rendering a File field using GetValue or GetFile
Method
Example
Result
GetValue

@Model.Item.GetValue("File")

Dynamicweb.Frontend.FileViewModel

GetFile

@Model.Item.GetFile("File").Path

/Files/Images/logo.png

You can use the GetField method on ItemViewModel in order to get additional information about a specific field.
Example: Rendering information about a specific field:

 @{ var dateField = Model.Item.GetField("Date"); if (dateField != null) {
@dateField.Name

@dateField.SystemName

@dateField.GetDateTime()
 } }

You use the GetItem() method if you want to retrieve values from an item with a field of the type Item type. For example, you have a shared item type called Font which contains all sort of font settings. This itemt ype is used in your website settings – so to retrieve the value from the FontFamily field you do the following:
Model.Area.Item.GetItem("Font").GetString("FontFamily");
You use the GetFile() method whenever you've used an item field of the type File – this is the only way to retrieve the path to the file.
Item.GetFile("Image").Path
GetFile() can return the file extension, the name, and the path to the file selected – if you use any other method, you will fail silently.
You use the GetItems() method if you have used an item field of the type Item relation list – this is the only way to retrieve values from item relation lists.
@foreach (var i in Model.Item.GetItems("GalleryImages")) { i.GetString("Image"); }


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In this part we would configure chef workstation that we created in Part 1 to provision nodes on the Rackspace cloud provider.
Before we go over details of how to provision a Rackspace VM, lets review the chef terminology so that we have some common vocabulary
- Nodes: Servers, VMs or physical machines or cloud instances.
- Cookbook: A cookbook is a collection of recipes, attributes, and templates that Chef uses to package, distribute, and share configuration details. A chef repository can have many cookbooks and typically a cookbook configures only one service.
- Roles: Roles are a way to group nodes by the function. Each role is associated with a run_list i.e. a set of cookbook/recipies that need to execute in given sequence for configuring the node. Nodes can have multiple roles.
- Environments: In chef different nodes could belong to different environments like dev, stage, prod, etc. Like roles environments also have a run_list.
- Data Bags: Data bags are like cookbook attributes but are used to store sensitive information like passwords, api keys, secrets, etc.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Mudras For Awakening The Energy Body
Mudra is defined in traditional usage as a seal, gesture or symbol of the hands, body or face to expand the breath, consciousness, or energy systems of the user. There are hundreds of mudras from the spiritual traditions of India and Tibet. Many of these are mudras for the hands, but also include gestures of the eyes, face and body.
This deluxe set of 40 colorful cards presents 7 chakras and 33 mudras chosen for their ability to focus energy and expand consciousness. By directing breath and awareness, these mudra hand poses can deliver numerous benefits for both physical and emotional wellness. The cards present inspirational artwork on one side with instructions on the other side, so they can be used for yoga and meditation classes, on-the-go stress relief, or daily affirmations. The 112-page illustrated guidebook offers instructions for the poses, information about their health benefits, and guided meditations for putting mudras into the practice.
Sabina Espinet is a multi-cultural artist based in Colorado whose work is influenced by nature, mythology and spiritualism.
Alison DeNicola is a Connecticut-based yoga and meditation teacher and energy healer.


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Name: Yukon wolf conservation and management plan
Outdoor recreation and wildlife
Last updated: October 5, 2018
Size: 1.23 MB
File Type: PDF
Number of pages:
The Yukon Wolf Conservation and Management Plan is part of the Government of Yukon's ongoing commitment to promote the sustainable use of wildlife resources. It is intended to guide wolf conservation and management throughout Yukon, ensuring that the roles of wolves and their prey species are respected.


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One of the most frequent questions we get goes something like this…."My patient has Congestive Heart Failure. What is the highest priority/most likely nursing diagnosis?"
There is no right answer, because it's the wrong question! Assigning a nursing diagnosis based on a medical diagnosis skips several steps essential to optimal and safe patient care. A medical diagnosis is only one piece of the puzzle; it does not by itself, provide the depth of information necessary to make an accurate nursing diagnosis.
WHAT IS A NURSING DIAGNOSIS?
Maybe the easiest thing is to start with what a nursing diagnosis is NOT.
A nursing diagnosis is NOT:
- Merely a label that you make up that "sounds like" it explains what you are seeing in your patient.
- Another way of explaining the medical diagnosis, or of renaming a medical condition.
- Something that "goes with a particular medical diagnosis".
Nursing diagnosis is defined as "a clinical judgment about individual, family, or community experiences/responses to actual or potential health problems/life processes. A nursing diagnosis provides the basis for selection of nursing interventions to achieve outcomes for which the nurse has accountability." (Herdman, 2012, p. 515).
In other words, a nursing diagnosis is a judgment based on a comprehensive nursing assessment. The medical diagnosis provides one important piece of data, but it does not provide anywhere near the depth of information necessary for making an accurate nursing diagnosis.
WHY SHOULD YOU CARE?
Because an accurate nursing diagnosis based on a thorough assessment results in more effective and safer patient care. Period.
Let's take a look at an example:
A man is admitted through the Emergency Department with a medical diagnosis of Viral Pneumonia with the following profile:
- Age 78;
- Dyspneic and demonstrating very shallow breathing;
- Pulse oximeter is showing 90% on 4L of O2;
- History of COPD.
What is the primary nursing diagnosis? Did you think of impaired gas exchange? Seems obvious, doesn't it, considering the data and medical diagnosis? However, the question the nurse should ask is this: "What is causing the low SpO2?"
After completing a thorough assessment, the nurse discusses her findings with the patient, including the very shallow breathing. She learns the patient is breathing shallowly because he's in pain. He's suffering from posthepatic neuralgia as a result of a very painful course of shingles. In this example, the assessment-based, primary nursing diagnosis is chronic pain.
Consider these two scenarios:
Nursing Diagnosis Linked to the Medical Diagnosis
A care plan is developed to address the nursing diagnosis of impaired gas exchange, based on the medical diagnosis of Viral Pneumonia. The posthepatic neuralgia as a cause for shallow breathing is not identified and overlooked in treatment.
Nursing Diagnosis Linked to Nursing Assessment and Critical Thinking
A care plan is developed to address the nursing diagnosis of chronic pain, with treatment designed to resolve this as the primary cause of the shallow breathing, and to prevent recurrence.
Which scenario provides the best patient care and outcome? What do you think the relationship is – or is not – between medical diagnosis and nursing diagnosis?
NANDA-I 2012 Conference: May 23-26, 2012
NANDA-I Nursing Diagnoses: Definitions and Classifcation 2012-2014
NANDA-I Frequently-Asked Questions
NANDA-I Fact Sheet


Is the UK/England the most densely populated country in the World?
It is often claimed that the UK (or England) cannot absorb any more immigrants because we already have one of the highest population densities in the world.
This claim is refuted below. The UK has a relatively high population density but it is not one of the highest in the world.
 1. The UK is the 51st most densely populated country or dependency in the World. The top quartile, but nothing terrifying. In fact a quarter of the world's population live in more cramp quarters than us.
 2. However, that does include some small Islands, dependencies, city states etc. Which it could be argued are unfair to include (although, I'm sure the people living there would think otherwise). So if we take them out we end up with the below list, in descending order of population density.
 1. Bangladesh
 2. The Palestinian territories
 3. Taiwan
 4. South Korea
 5. Netherlands
 6. Lebanon
 7. India
 8. Rwanda
 9. Belgium
 10. Haiti
 11. Japan
 12. Israel
 13. Sri Lanka
 14. Philippines
 15. El Salvador
 16. Burundi
 17. Vietnam
 18. UK
 This puts the UK in 18th place. Again, this is above average but it is not something which appears to warrant the alarmism sometimes expressed.
 3. Another tactic often employed is to refer to England only. England has a population of 51 million and a land mass of 50,000 square miles and this gives a population density of a little over 1,000 per square mile. Excluding islands, city states, and dependencies, this still places us behind
 1. Bangladesh
 2. The Palestinian territories
 3. Taiwan
 4. South Korea
 5. The Netherlands
 6. England
 This puts England 6th on the world stage in terms of population density. Now it becomes a little clearer why people bemoaning immigration refer to England; it inflates their figures. England is a constituent part of the United Kingdom and there are no restrictions of movement on those in the UK so it is dishonest to focus on England and not the whole UK.
 4. In an effort to inflate their figures, those arguing that immigration is dangerous will use the population density of England rather than the whole of the UK. Because of the relatively sparse population of the Highlands England has a higher population density than the whole of the UK. This is a misleading argument as migrants settle across all of the UK and it is dishonest to use information from part of the UK to dictate policy for the whole country. For example, despite the fact that the German Land of North Rhine-Westphalia has a population density of 1,300 people per square mile it would be foolish to argue that no migration should be allowed into Germany from the data of one constituent part.
So population density does immediately appear to be an important reason to reduce immigration. Britain's population density is high but not dangerously so and there are a number of regions in the world with higher population densities and high standards of living. The Netherlands, Belgium and North-Rhine Westphalia.
Things to look out for – Shifting Goal Posts.
One you have pointed out the various flaws in this argument watch out for some shifting of the goal posts.
"Aha!" they will say "if you only look at population density then you ignore the pressure migrants put on public services!"
"But you brought up population density in the first place," says you "you're shifting the goal posts…"
Comments are turned off. The original post and comments are available here for further discussion.


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Individual differences |
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |
The Hearing Voices Network is a self-help user-run organization for people who 'hear voices'. Although members may have a psychiatric diagnosis, the group promotes an alternative approach, where voices are not necessarilly seen as signs of mental illness.
They argue that since some people can lead a valuable and productive existence while hearing voices, the largely drug-based and potentially coercive treatment of mainstream medicine might do more harm than good in people who can otherwise function adequately.
It was founded in 1989 in Manchester by five mental health workers, but has somewhat distanced itself from the psychiatric profession through its alternative philosophy. The general approach of the network is shared with other groups around the world, which are often grouped as the 'Hearing Voices Movement'.
Dutch psychiatrist Marius Romme, the co-author of Accepting Voices, has provided an intellectual basis for this group. He advocates a view that the hearing of voices is not necessarily an indication of mental illness, and that patients should be encouraged to explore their voices and negotiate with them.
- Romme, R. & Escher, S. (1993) Accepting Voices. ISBN _PHONE_.


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Molecules on the Edge
This project involves the determination of blood residues on excavated stone tools from the archaic period and assesses the impact of storage, handling, and washing on molecular preservation. The materials that are the subject of the research are from the Tuban Cave, Israel. The cave contains evidence of more than 80,000 years of human occupation. Determining if the adhering material on the tools contain protein of lipids and if it is of human origin, this project will result in the formulation of guidelines for archaeologists and collection managers that optimize the preservation of such information on excavated objects.
In 1995, with funding from the National Center for Preservation Technology and Training of the National Park Service, examination was carried out of a assemblage of stone tools excavated from several sites, collectively called Barney Circle, along the Anacostia River in Washington, D.C. Parallel experimentation was performed on a set of experimental tools in order to examine the impacts that excavation, conservation and storage may have on stone tool and pottery artifacts as these materials make their journey from the archaeological site to the museum drawer. Two of the most common interventions, human handling and washing, severely and disadvantageously impacted both protein identification by immunological techniques and DNA amplification using the polymerase chain reaction.
For residue analysis to provide maximal information to archaeologists, alterations in excavation techniques, post-excavation processing and storage, and long term curation will have to dramatically change. While it is unrealistic to propose the all excavations and museum collections accommodate the special needs of molecular level research, select sites and collections will benefit from the consideration given to the friable nature of ancient biomolecules. A shift in perception that considers the inorganic remnants of past life as divorced from the ancient biosphere, and unaffected by present biota to a more inclusive and organic view will add to the interpretation of the archaeological record. At the Barney Circle site, multiple tools were identified with macroscopic residues adhering to the surface, and several different proteins were identified on the basis of molecular weight and immunological reactivity. In cases where protein was preserved on stone tool edges, the use of the tool on animal products can be assigned though the identification of the albumin molecule from blood. The amount of protein remaining after some 1500 years, is vanishingly small. Further surveys of tool assemblages from excavations where human handling was not permitted will form the basis of comparative work ongoing in the laboratory.


Resolving Individual Alarms - Veeam ONE Alarms Guide
Resolving Individual Alarms
In this article
 To resolve individual alarms:
 1. Open Veeam ONE Client.
 2. In the inventory pane, select the necessary object.
 3. In the information pane, open the Alarms tab.
 4. In the list of alarms, select one or more alarms and do either of the following:
 - Right-click the selection and choose Resolve from the shortcut menu.
 - In the Actions pane, click Resolve.
 Press and hold the [CRTL] or [SHIFT] key to select multiple alarms.
 1. In the Resolve Alarm window, specify a reason for changing the alarm status, or provide any other additional information.
 The message you specify will appear in the Comment field of the alarm history details, and in the email notification on resolved alarms. For details, see Viewing Alarm History and Notifications on Resolved Alarms.
 1. Click OK.


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Pistachio Nut Growth Decision Support Tool
This decision support tool predicts the growth of Pistachio nuts based on growing degree days since bloom.
- Visit the link in the body of this article to use the new Pistachio Nut Growth Decision Support Tool!
The Pistachio Nut Growth Decision Support Tool is now available! This calculator was developed by researchers from UC Davis and the UC Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources.
Select your location, pistachio cultivar, and date range to see predictions about the growth of Pistachio nuts. This tool is able to draw upon a bank of weather data ranging from 1950 to 2010! The Instructions and Resources tabs provide helpful information on how to interpret the data the tool has generated for you. The results can be printed to a PDF through your browser.
Your feedback is appreciated! Please leave any comments or concerns on the Contact Us tab of the page.
Access the Pistachio Nut Growth Decision Support Tool here: _URL_
More apps from the University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources Informatics and GIS program can be found at _URL_


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Dear East Penn Parent/Guardian,
If you have not done so already, I invite each of you to complete the Comprehensive School Climate Inventory (CSCI) survey. The survey is designed to assess perceptions of school climate, including feelings about safety, relationships, learning, the environment, and communication within the school.
The survey should take approximately 20 minutes to complete and must be completed in one sitting. Your feedback is important to helping our district understand and improve the specific climate issues in our schools. The link to the survey was emailed to you by your child's building principal today. The window closes tomorrow, April 12.
Thank you for your support!
Dr. Michael Schilder


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Treebot Learns to Autonomously Climb Trees
This is Treebot. As you might expect, Treebot was designed to do one thing: climb trees. It is by no means the first robot able to do this, but its arboreal predecessors (RiSE and Modsnake and accidentally PackBot are just a few) weren't autonomous and didn't have the skills necessary to negotiate the complex network of branches that you tend to find on trees worth climbing.
The design of Treebot is fairly unique: it uses a set of flexible linear actuators connecting two gripping claws to allow it to move around like an inchworm. While the back gripper holds on, the front gripper releases and the body extends forward, allowing the robot to literally feel around for a good place to grip.
Keeping to the inchworm theme, the robot doesn't use much in the way of fancy sensors. Instead, it's all tactile. You can tell the robot which direction you'd like it to go and how far, and the robot will grope its way to its destination, adaptively navigating from trunk to branches.
At the moment, Treebot is more or less blind. This isn't necessarily a problem, but it could get where it wants to go much faster if it's able to tell which branches have the highest potential to allow it to efficiently climb higher up, so researchers are working on ways to help Treebot optimize its climbing path.
TreeBot was designed by Tin Lun Lam and Yangsheng Xu from The Chinese University of Hong Kong, and their research was presented at ICRA last week in a paper entitled "Treebot: Autonomous Tree Climbing by Tactile Sensing."


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Another issue I'm facing is importing a file with multiple sheets. Basically, a new sheet is added to the same Excel file every month. This sheet is added in the last position. And the name of this sheet changes every month (i.e. Nov 2023, Dec 2023, Jan 2024, and so on). So how can I instruct EasyMorph to import this last sheet every time?
The solution in a nutshell:
Use the "Excel command" action to obtain a list of sheets in the spreadsheet.
Filter the list to keep only the last sheet in it (e.g. using the "Trim table" action).
Use the "Call" action to call another module and pass the sheet name to that module as a parameter.
In the other module, use the "Import from Excel" action in the "Worksheet defined by parameter" mode.
Tutorial articles required for understanding the workflow:
How to make this work when you don't know the Excel file's name in advance (in my case, I have downloaded the file using the 'List of files' action)?
As you can see in the screenshot below, the Excel command has listed the sheets in a different order than that on the Excel file (the bottom sheet should be "Noviembre 2023"). Why is this and how to fix it?
In many actions, including "Excel command" and "Call" you can use a first column value in action settings.
To pass the file name into the called module, create a parameter for the file name in the called module and assign it in the "Call" action in the main module.
Oh, I didn't realize the action lists sheets alphabetically rather than in the order they appear in the workbook. Let me talk to our developers about what we can do in this case. Perhaps, we will need to add a column with the sheet position in the workbook.


From the very first meeting, we provide our Kent clients with a thorough analysis of their potential legal issues and take the time to tailor a legal strategy based on their specific needs and desires. Additionally, we make sure to keep our clients in the loop throughout the entire process, so they are comfortable every step of the way.
Nearly 200 years ago, what is now the City of Kent was two villages known as Carthage and Franklin Mills. The town fathers renamed the village "Kent" in 1864 to honor Marvin Kent who, in 1863, was responsible for bringing a railroad through town that played a major role in the village's development. Kent was incorporated as a village in 1867.
Kent became known as the "Tree City" when, in the late 1800s, John Davey, an expert horticulturalist, planted hundreds of trees throughout the City. He also trained people in the caring of the newly planted trees. Mr. Davey later founded the Davey Tree Company which is still in existence today.
Today, Kent is the largest city in Portage County and according to the 1990 census, the population is 28,835.
If you are in the following zip codes, give us a call, we would love to hear from you!
44240, 44242 and 44243


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As a concept, lifestyle is interconnected with nation, culture, and the world consumer class. But there is a broader view that lifestyle is tied to individual behavior, goals, and beliefs. The differences among nations and within the world consumer class are not as profound as those found within an individual's lifestyle. The concept of lifestyle includes everything from the pursuit of personal interests and fashion choices to social status and self-identity. This article will explore the differences between lifestyle and self-identity on a global scale. The focus of lifestyle photography is to portray a slice of life. A lifestyle session typically includes photographs of a family performing common activities. The photographer should capture the interactions and moments between the family, as well as the children. A great lifestyle photography session will incorporate a combination of staged shots and candid shots that convey a feeling of a typical day in the life of a family. A good lifestyle photographer will create a series of images that tell a story through one image. A lifestyle photographer should be ready at all times and always anticipate the unexpected. A lifestyle photographer should be prepared to work with talent who may be prone to impromptu expressions or movements. A lifestyle shoot requires flexibility. Shooting an individual while interacting with family members is often more natural than trying to stage a moment. And the subject should be engaged in the activity. If a person is engaged in the process of making a decision, lifestyle photography will result in an amazing photograph. In summary, lifestyle refers to the way of life an individual has. It includes one's eating habits, purchasing habits, entertainment, and clothing choices. A basic lifestyle is a relative and time-dependent concept. If one wears cheap clothes and spends little time at the beach, this lifestyle would be considered basic. But the rich and famous cannot afford to do so. And there are many differences in lifestyles, ranging from the way people dress to the social expectations. In the 1960s, Andrew Kromelow was working as a janitor in Frank Gehry's California studio when he began to arrange objects at a right angle. He called this practice knolling, and his friend, Tom Sachs, adopted it as a studio motto, which became ABK. Sachs and Kromelow documented the process by taking overhead photographs. This technique was later developed into the flat lay style of photography, which is a form of lifestyle media.
The pricing strategy of a hotel should be flexible to meet the demands of the guests. If the competition increases its prices and customers are already doing their research, the pricing strategy will not be as effective. Therefore, you should take into consideration the demand and competition as well as the potential booking opportunities to improve your profitability. Below are some tips to increase profits: In the nineteenth century, the American hotel system was largely based on long-distance and steam-driven travel. The gradual transition to automobility brought changes to the industry. Old hotels incorporated parking facilities and new ones were built with these features. A new variant emerged called a motor hotel. These facilities were typically built on inexpensive land. The rapid growth of railroads revolutionized the nation's transportation system, which led to the explosion of the hotel industry. Standard operations provide a place to sleep with varying amenities. They may be independently owned or part of a larger hotel chain. They are designed to provide adequate rest for the guest while keeping costs down. They typically fall into the midscale, lower-priced category and do not offer full-service restaurant options. Standard operations are also often cheaper than branded hotels. They may offer more services than a full-service restaurant. They are generally not the right choice for a luxury stay. Apart from a hotel's location, it should also offer a range of services that will help its guests. Some of these services may include complimentary champagne, discounts at nearby restaurants and spas, in-room gifts, and many other options. Small yet thoughtful gestures like these will go a long way in making the experience of a guest more pleasant. You might even be able to offer more for a lower price if you can accommodate your guests' needs. A room's size also matters. Some hotels classify rooms according to how many beds it has. While one room might be suitable for a single person, another could be a double, triple, or quad. The double or triple room is larger than a motel room. The room may not have an elevator. However, these accommodations are often located off of a parking lot. In many countries, there are both types of hotel rooms. You can find one that fits your needs. A motel is another type of overnight accommodation. A motel is typically roadside and has ample free parking. It will have fewer facilities and amenities than a hotel. Alternatively, a botel is a converted boat which offers hotel-style accommodations. Some of these are permanently moored riverboats, while others are converted ships. They are most common in cities with rivers. A botel may be the most unusual type of accommodation, and can be a good alternative for travelers.
If you wish to become a celebrity, it is important to be persistent and develop a network of contacts. If you have a great product, it may be useful to be interviewed by a local newspaper or TV station. Similarly, you should try to build a relationship with your fans. In interviews, be sure to thank them for their support and loyalty. A good mentor can help you avoid common mistakes and improve your chances of becoming a famous personality. The word celebrity comes from the Latin celebritas, which means "fame" or "crowded." Some early definitions include the act of celebrating and pomp. Later meanings have religious connotations and a definite societal association. A popular example of this is the Kennedy family, which is associated with US politics. Other famous families include the Rockefeller and Hilton families, which have been linked to business and popular music. The Kardashian family has also made it to the top list of celebrities, making it one of the most popular types of celebrity. Many people are curious about the private lives of celebrities, but many other people simply dislike celebrities because they are so famous. They claim that celebrities do not work as hard as non-celebrities do and are not deserving of the special treatment they receive. Some even believe that celebrities have lower moral values than the average people. However, this is not the case with all celebrities. There are some who go out of their way to help people, which is another important reason to follow a celebrity's personal life. Celebrity appearances usually last one to two hours. Celebrities may sign autographs and pose for photos with attendees. They may cut a ribbon to open an event or welcome attendees. Some celebrities make regular appearances at Christmas light switch-on ceremonies, new building openings, car launches, and trade shows. You can also spot them at nightclubs. They may also be available for private appearances. If you're a celebrity, you should contact the Red Cross to find out about joining the Celebrity Cabinet. Celebrity worship may be a part of a person's personality. Individuals may become overly obsessed with their favorite celebrities and may be prone to body image problems. High levels of celebrity worship can lead to other emotional and psychological problems, including a greater tendency toward cosmetic surgery. In addition to a person's adoration, they may even develop criminal tendencies, such as drug and alcohol addiction and compulsive buying. However, in general, the phenomenon is generally regarded as harmless. While the public sees celebrities in the spotlight as entertainers, celebrities often have other sources of income. In the case of Martha Stewart, her main income comes from her television, film, and books. Arnold Schwarzenegger, who won the Arnold Schwarzenegger Olympic Games, has minor stakes in different global businesses, including restaurants and Planet Hollywood. While it's impossible to tell exactly how much money a celebrity earns, the public can be enthralled with the stories behind the athletes.
Traveling has many benefits. Most of us crave new experiences and travel gives us the chance to do that. It's exciting and sometimes physical, and you'll feel a sense of accomplishment if you conquer new terrain. In fact, 86 percent of people report that traveling improves their mood. Here are the top five reasons why traveling is beneficial to your life. Let's find out which one appeals most to you. Then get out there and see the world! A traveling violation is defined as a violation that occurs in a game in which a player travels while in possession of the ball. These violations are most common in beginner and youth leagues. NBA fans might be under the impression that traveling is rare, but this is simply not true. Many NBA players perform legal moves that may result in a traveling violation. For example, Golden State Warriors guard Steph Curry often uses a gathering step to open up space from defenders while shooting threes from the perimeter. While early travel was slower and dangerous, it was more likely influenced by migration and trade. Despite these drawbacks, technological and cultural advances have made traveling easier and more accessible. Christopher Columbus, for example, sailed to the New World in 1492, and it took 10 weeks to reach his destination. Today, travelers can fly from Spain to the United States in less than 24 hours. It's an incredible difference. There are many reasons to travel, and we should all do it for the sake of it. Basketball travelers are guilty of violating the traveling rule. The offense player in possession of the basketball takes an illegal step while holding the ball. This violation causes a turnover, and the ball is awarded to the opposing team. When a traveling violation occurs, the opposing team begins the next possession by passing the ball from the sideline. There are many other scenarios in which traveling happens. The following three examples will help you understand the importance of traveling in basketball. The two-L spelling of the word "travel" is preferred by British and American English speakers. However, traveler and traveller are also acceptable. The dialectical difference


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Peter Brook, the British theater legend and one of the most influential directors of the 20th century, died on Saturday at the age of 97, people close to the artist told AFP on Sunday.
The British-born theater teacher, who spent much of his career in France directing the Parisian theater Les Bouffes du Nord, reinvented the art of theatrical direction by privileging sober forms over traditional settings.
Born in London on March 21, 1925, the son of Jewish Lithuanian immigrants signed his first production at the age of 17.
During his career, he led important institutions such as the Royal Opera House in Covent Garden and the Royal Shakespeare Theatre, or the French Les Bouffes du Nord and the International Center for Theater Creations (CICT).
An artist with a background in opera, film and theater criticism, Brook settled in Paris in 1971.
'empty space' theory
Often compared to Stanislavski (_PHONE_) who revolutionized acting, Peter Brook is the theorist of "empty space", a kind of bible for the theater world, first published in 1968.
"I can take any empty space and call it a stage. Someone walks through that empty space while another watches, and that's enough to start the theatrical act." These famous first lines became a manifesto for alternative and experimental theatre.
His best-known work is "The Mahabharata", a nine-hour epic of Hindu mythology created in 1985 and adapted to film in 1989.
In theater, he directed actors such as Laurence Olivier and Orson Welles.
After an adventure spanning more than 35 years at the Bouffes du Nord, Peter Brook left the direction of the theater in 2010, aged 85, continuing to sign productions.
"All my life, the only thing that has always counted, and that's why I work in the theater, is what lives directly in the present," he told AFP at the time.
The charismatic director took a big hit in 2015 with the death of his wife, actress Natasha Parry. "We tried to negotiate with fate by saying, 'Bring her back for just 30 seconds…'"
In 2019, Peter Brook received the Princess of Asturias Award for the Arts in Spain, as a "master of generations".
"Considered the best theatrical director of the 20th century", Brook "opened new horizons in contemporary dramaturgy, by contributing decisively to the exchange of knowledge between cultures as different as those of Europe, Africa and Asia", said the jury, justifying its decision. .


MISTY partners submit written evidence to the IDC climate change inquiry
17 June, 2021
This short inquiry launched by the IDC is intended to see what the UK Government has done to date to ensure climate justice is intwined in its development strategy, and what more can be done ahead of COP26. The written evidence submitted by Ricardo Safra de Campos, Maria Franco Gavonel and Neil Adger at the University of Exeter specifically addresses the following items in the climate change inquiry Terms of Reference:
The extent to which the Government's work to date on climate change and development has taken the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the needs of low-and-middle income countries and vulnerable groups into account;
The potential of COP26 to address these remaining challenges effectively and the steps the Government needs to take if COP26 is to succeed in tackling them.


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Find the vertices of a pentagon given the midpoints of its sides.
You are only given the three midpoints of the sides of a triangle.
How can you construct the original triangle?
Prove that, given any three parallel lines, an equilateral triangle
always exists with one vertex on each of the three lines.


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Disability assist dogs
IntroductionDisability assist dogs have different rules for access to public conservation land.
You can take a disability assist dog into controlled dog areas without the need for a permit. The dog must be assisting a person with a disability or be with a person training the dog. Keep your dog under control at all times to protect native wildlife.
If an area requires a person to have a permit to enter, the dog also requires a permit. This includes certified dogs under training. Contact the DOC office closest to the area you want to take your dog.
Disability assist dog definition
Disability assist dogs is the term used for:
- seeing-eye dogs
- mobility assistance dogs
- epilepsy assistance dogs, and
- other dogs that assist people.
Who can certify disability assist dogs
The Department of Internal Affairs authorises these organisations to certify disability assist dogs:


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The benefits of modular construction are widely recognized by a majority of the housing industry. More builders than ever are enjoying the time savings and efficiency of modular building, even commercial construction. While time savings and efficiency are two of the best known benefits of modular construction, they are certainly not the only ones. Other benefits include:
- Indoor construction prevents damage to interior portions of the structure
- Indoor storage protects building materials from damage or deterioration due to adverse weather and moisture
- Modular structures are stronger due to their being designed to handle the stresses of traveling from the factory to the jobsite
- Modular factories participate in strict QA/QC Programs
- Building in a controlled environment reduces waste by recycling materials and protecting supplies
One little known advantage, however, is the jobsite. Site built homes require space for supplies, such as stacks of lumber, trusses, fixtures, etc. Modular homes require little space for storing materials since most of the work was performed at the factory. This means a more attractive jobsite for neighbors, and a quicker clean-up. Take a look at the photo to the right and see the difference for yourself. Not only was the modular home completed in 5 hours, the jobsite is neat and tidy for neighbors. This also means that with little materials sitting around the jobsite, there is less chance of small nails and screws being left behind to be stepped on or driver over.
One more reason more and more families and businesses are choosing modular.
(Photo credit: _URL_)


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There are many kinds of material to cast crusher blow bars. Different working situations need different material blow bars. Based on rich experience, MGS Casting helps you to analysis the different materials for crusher blow bars.
This is mainly manganese steel. This alloy is used in primary crushers or crushers that have tramp iron in the feed. Manganese steels will be used whenever very high shock resistance or some elongation is needed. The blow bar life is not easily predictable and depends on many factors. Manganese crusher blow bars are commonly used primary crusher applications and provide high shock resistance and are available in both Mn14% and Mn18% material grades. They are well suited to applications where tramp iron is possible in the feed material. Manganese bars are often used as a 'safe' choice, however, other materials available can offer significant life costs benefits. For identification purposes, manganese steel blow bars are painted black or red and marked with the respective material grade. Also, ask about our special high-performance material that is proven to outperform other grades of manganese blow bars.
Martensitic steel will be used whenever hardness and impact resistance are both needed, i.e. in all the applications where usage of white (chromium) irons can lead to breakage. Generally, martensitic steel has a higher lifetime than Mn steels in more abrasive applications when the feed size is below 900mm. It is used in primary and recycling applications. Martensitic steel blow bars are commonly used where the application requires the impact resistance manganese provides and the hardness and wear resistance of chrome irons. Commonly used in both quarrying and recycling, martensitic would normally be expected to outperform manganese steel in abrasive applications.
White irons are used when the shock level is rather low and the castings rather thick. Feed to the crusher must be well prepared as far as top size and must be free of tramp iron. Because of the brittle nature of this alloy, tramp iron will cause catastrophic failure of the blow bars. This material is used in secondary, tertiary and asphalt recycle applications where there is no tramp iron. Cast white chromium iron is widely used in 'classic' horizontal impact crushers and is available in medium 20% and high 26% chromium content materials. White irons can provide high performance in the right application providing NO tramp iron is present in the feed material. The brittle nature of chrome irons means significant damage can occur if tramp iron or large oversize material is fed into the crusher.
This is a composition blow bar consisting of hard ceramic particles on the wear surface in a chromium iron matrix. This composite has the effect of combining the very hard surface of ceramic with the useful mechanical properties of chromium iron. These (chromium/ceramic) blow bars can have two to four times the life of standard mono-alloy blow bars. Chrome Iron with ceramic is a premium composite metallic matrix iron with hard ceramic alloy inserts on the wear surface. The hard alloy ceramics combined with either medium chrome or high chrome iron matrix provides a significant working life advantage over standard chrome iron bars. Whilst this material can be very successful in secondary applications, it should not be used for primary crushing or very hard and abrasive applications.
Martensitic Alloy Steel + Ceramic
Martensitic alloy steel with ceramic is a premium composite metallic matrix steel with hard ceramic alloy inserts on the wear surface. The hard alloy ceramics combined with either martensitic steel matrix provides a significant working life advantage over standard martensitic steel bars. This material is commonly used in recycling industries and primary crushing in quarries. Certain applications are unsuitable for this material, including limestone crushing and slag recycling. This blow bar consisting of hard ceramic particles on the wear surface in a new martensitic steel matrix. Ceramic inlay is deeper and wider than standard Xwin and will provide higher lifetime. These are high-performance blow bars for recycling applications.
Chromium Steel + Titanium Carbide Bars
MGS Casting has succeeded to develop a new material for crusher blow bars users. Titanium carbide bars insert the working face of blow bars to expand the blow bars span life. Compare with normal chromium steel or martensitic steel, its span life can more than 3-5 times. However, the price for TIC insert blow bars just a little expensive than others, so it is the most competitive material for crusher blow bars.


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In addition to being supplied with the finest in government grade methamphetamines, fighter pilots have other significant advantages over the rest of us. They have "superior cognitive control."
A new study published in the Journal of Neuroscience compared 11 front-line RAF pilots against a control group in two cognitive tasks, while an MRI was used "to examine the structure of white matter connections between brain regions associated with cognitive control."
The pilots showed superior cognitive control and greater accuracy, despite being more sensitive to distracting minutiae. The MRI showed the structure of their brains differed from the control, with relevant areas of the right side of the brain being larger, and connections between key areas in the brain laid out differently.
It's not known at this point if the differences come from training or if pilots are just born that way.
The tests showed that when presented with significant visual distractions, the pilots weren't much quicker than the rest of us baseline human beings, but were far more accurate.
Reference: 'Expert cognitive control and individual differences associated with frontal and parietal white matter microstructure' by Roberts RE, Anderson E & Husain M, Published in the Journal of Neuroscience


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Pia Larsen is an artist who works with text, drawing, printmedia, paper and metal. Her practice draws from a long-standing enquiry into the discourses of representation around bodies, with a focus on the constraints imposed through gender. Recent work examines bodies in Afghanistan in conjunction with those from her own culture, looking through history and at everyday life.
Pia Larsen Australian Artist print maker and teacher
Title: Their Loss is Our Loss
Dimensions: 336cm(w) x 238cm(h) x 6cm(d)
Materials: copper, acrylic paint, paper + pins


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The U.K. Now Has 'Islands' Made of Wet Wipes Flushed by People
Flushing wet wipes get it out of people's houses and into the habitats of aquatic animals. The plastic in these wet wipes is now forming "islands" in the U.K.'s rivers after being rinsed out of human homes.
"[R]ivers [are] changing shape after the products pile up on their banks," The Guardian reported. Not only that, reportedly, 90% of the 11 billion wet wipes used by the population of U.K.'s contains some form of plastic that turns into microplastics when broken down. This, of course, subsequently enters the water supply and also the food chain after being ingested by animals.
Just this September, researchers found an alarming amount of plastics in the feces of human babies — suggesting they are ingesting microplastics. The wet wipes, which are often used to clean babies after they poop, may also be contributing to the microplastics they ingest.
At present, there's so much microplastic in our food that scientists believe we could be eating one credit card worth of plastic each week.
"As a mother of four children I have used a lot of wet wipes and I completely understand the pressures that parents are under and how useful wet wipes are… [But] I know that parents also want to do the right thing for the environment," Fleur Anderson, a Member of the U.K.'s Parliament, told the press.
Related on The Swaddle:
Other sources of microplastics aside, wet wipes — and their "island-forming behavior" — are becoming such a huge menace for the country that Anderson is seeking laws to control the problem. If her bill becomes a statute, it would prohibit the manufacture and sale of wet wipes containing plastic.
"Globally, 100 million animals die each year from plastic waste alone… We need legislation because the scale of the problem is so big, so damaging, and increasing so fast," Anderson said.
She reported sighting a "wet-wipe island" on the Thames during a recent visit to the river.
Plastic-free wet wipes do exist, at present, and are made from bamboo and other plant fibers. Anderson believes a complete ban on wipes that contain plastic would not only boost the production of plastic-free wipes but also make them cheaper.
"Unfortunately, with the modern lifestyle, babies are exposed to so many different things for which we don't know what kind of effect they can have later in their life," Kurunthachalam Kannan, an environmental health scientist at New York University School of Medicine, who co-authored the study on baby poop, had said in a statement.
"We need to make efforts to reduce exposure in children. Children's products should be made free of plastics," he had added. Perhaps, it's time to apply his advice to wet wipes too.


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Favorite Music App for November
Is your child a fan of Star Wars? If so, I encourage you to check out our favorite app for November. This app combines adventure and learning into one experience. As they travel to a galaxy far, far, away, students practice naming notes on the musical staff. In keeping with the Star Wars theme, students aim their fighter plane at the correct note on the staff to match the given note name.
The Staff Wars app is great for Star Wars fan. With visual graphics and sound effects reflecting the Star Wars theme, students find new enjoyment in what can often become mundane theory practice of naming notes. Students can customize the settings as they "Select a Mission" to practice reading treble clef notes, bass clef notes, or even alto clef notes. There are adjustable levels of practice to reflect the learner's ability level. The game records student's progress by keeping score of how many notes the student named correctly.
Benefits of Technology
Technology has a wonderful way of engaging students of all ages. Students often enjoy the animation and interactive features. As a teacher, I value the immediate feedback that students receive. Instead of waiting until next week's piano lesson for me to check their theory homework, students receive immediate feedback. The Staff Wars app indicates the correct answer to students, so they can learn from their mistakes. As they continue to practice, they improve their note reading skills.
Importance of Reading Music
Learning to read music is an important skill for developing musicians. Students develop confidence as they learn to read music fluently,. Reading music also expands a student's opportunities to play new music. By developing this skill, students gain new appreciation for the beauty of music.


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a default (first) wallet.
- Follow the steps Vigvam suggests: unlock the Ledger device, open the Ethereum app, or install it if you haven't done it yet.
- After completing the scanning procedure, you will be suggested to confirm what exact wallets should be added.
- You can change the wallet name here.
- Click the Continue button to finish.
- Now, you can use this wallet as well as others.
- There is always a notation that it is a wallet from Ledger in its name.
- Every time you need to sign a transaction, Vigvam will also show a window to connect the device and send a signature request to it.
Optional testing: Social Auth
- You can also create wallets using one of the following Social Auth ways: Google, Twitter, Facebook, or Reddit.
- This is an experimental feature that is not working in Firefox yet.
- Click on the social network and select the account you will use to create a wallet.
The Vigvam Testing flow: interactions with dApps.
We prepared two video tutorials on how to interact with Uniswap on Avalanche and Ethereum testnets and _URL_ on the Polygon testnet. You may conduct the same steps or create your own testing flow with these dapps. Don't forget to share your experience in our form.
How to connect and work with Uniswap and Pangolin via Vigvam
How to connect and work with Zk.link via Vigvam


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The Progressive Economics Forum
Re-defining (Un)Employment Insurance
Several key changes to Employment Insurance came into effect on Sunday. Â The EI program is about to get Grinch-ier, especially for who happen to have needed it more than once.
What Changed
Some of the changes made are reasonable, some are technical, and some are misguided. Â Together, these changes go some way toward redefining what employment insurance is all about, and changing how Canadians think about employment insurance.
Here is a run down of changes that came into effect on Sunday:
 1. The creation of three categories of EI users – frequent, occasional, and long-tenured. Â The definition of suitable employment that applies to an individual claimant will vary depending on their category and the length that they have been on claim. Â HRSDC & Minister Finley assert that this confusing and clunky categorization will in no way increase errors or appeals (I, myself, amÂ sceptical).
 2. The definition of reasonable job search. Â Mostly clarification, and mostly reasonable.
 3. The definition of suitable employment. Focused on a quick return to work, and emphasizing that no one will be financially worse off working than they were while they were on claim. Â Forces claimants to accept wages between 70% and 90% of their previous earnings. Â Good news: Higher travel or childcare costs will be taken into account when determining if someone is better off in a given job situation. Â Bad news: This is an incredibly short sighted view of 'better off'. Â The purpose of EI is to allow for better job market matches, not faster job market matches.
 4. Job alerts system. Â Sends targeted emails to claimants based on Postal Code. Â A good idea, but it falls into "it's the least you could do" category. Â Only works for those with access to the internet.
EI Myths & Facts
Discussion of these changes invariably bumps into one or more common EI myths. Â In fact, getting support for these changes requires voters to buy into the following myths.
 1. Myth: Employment Insurance is taxpayer funded. Â It is paid for entirely by employers and employees. Â The government stole $56 billion, but they don't pay back into it. Â So there are no savings to government coffers from changes to EI. Â To qualify for EI, you have to have paid into it.
 2. Myth: Employment Insurance prevents people from leaving Atlantic Canada. Anyone who thinks this has never been on a flight from St. John's or Halifax heading west. Â Since 2008, over 7,000 (net) Canadians left the Maritimes for other Canadian provinces. Â During the same time period, over 55,000 (net) Canadians moved to Saskatchewan and Alberta from another province. (CANSIM _PHONE_) Â This doesn't include those who commute incredibly long distances to get work in the oil patch.
 3. Myth: Seasonal workers are lazy fishermen. Â Many seasonal workers are highly skilled, and some of these skills even transfer between seasons (think heavy machinery drivers that plow snow in the winter, and dig basements in the summer). Â But the fact that their employment is seasonal makes it more precarious, and more likely that on any given change of season there simply won't be enough work to go around.
 4. Myth: Claimants will always be better off working under these changes. Â This is more the official line than a myth, but it's wrong nonetheless. Â As I already noted, the purpose of EI is to allow forÂ betterÂ job market matches, notÂ fasterÂ job market matches. Â A parent who is eight weeks into their claim, and is presented with an evening job at 80% of their previous wage would be better off continuing to look for a job that paid higher wages and allowed them time with their child in the evenings.
There are some other EI Facts, that help make sense of why these changes are misguided.
 1. Fact: EI is not terribly generous in the first place.Â Â Claimants receive up to 55% of their average weekly income, up to a maximum of $485 / week. The average payment is around $370 / week.
 2. Fact: There are over 5 unemployed Canadians for every job vacancy in Canada. News reports of labour shortages are grosslyÂ exaggerated. Â Where they do exist, the solution is often more spots for training and apprentices, and maybe (gasp) higher wages.
 3. Fact: Most jobs created since the recession have been temporary. A rise in precarious employment will mean a rise in the number of unemployed without access to Employment Insurance, even without these changes. Â These changes will increase the tendency toward precarious employment, as people are encouraged to take 'bad jobs'.
What the Changes Mean
The previous definition of 'suitable employment' in the Employment Insurance Act had the clear intent of ensuring that Â unemployed workers did not unduly impact wages and working conditions for the broader labour market. Â The system was set up to ensure that claimants had time to assess their labour market situation, determine if they needed to switch fields, get training, or move.
The new hurry-up approach to EI will act to lower wages, lower productivity, and threaten seasonal businesses.
Combined with other changes announced in the last budget, such as the consolidation of EI, CPP, and OAS appeals into one Social Security Tribunal, these new regulations are depressing start to the New Year for unemployed workers. Â At least the Grinch eventually had a change of heart.
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revealed.
Special tests carried out to determine the causes of deficits showed that the most probable cause was an increased release of unburned reactive charge particles at the end of the active section of the trajectory.
In order to eliminate this phenomenon, in December 1949 a bench-top refinement of the engine was started with regard to aperture enhancement and ensuring that the powder charge was fixed in the chamber. After the end of the bench work and experimental firing for checking the reinforced aperture, the factory batch of projectiles was to be equipped with modified apertures on site and presented for factory tests in February 1950.


Java™ Platform
Standard Ed. 6
javax.sql.rowset
Interface FilteredRowSet
All Superinterfaces:
CachedRowSet, Joinable, ResultSet, RowSet, WebRowSet, Wrapper
public interface FilteredRowSet
extends WebRowSet
The standard interface that all standard implementations of FilteredRowSet must implement. The FilteredRowSetImpl class provides the reference implementation which may be extended if required. Alternatively, a vendor is free to implement its own version by implementing this interface.
1.0 Background
There are occasions when a RowSet object has a need to provide a degree of filtering to its contents. One possible solution is to provide a query language for all standard RowSet implementations; however, this is an impractical approach for lightweight components such as disconnected RowSet objects. The FilteredRowSet interface seeks to address this need without supplying a heavyweight query language along with the processing that such a query language would require.
A JDBC FilteredRowSet standard implementation implements the RowSet interfaces and extends the CachedRowSetTM class. The CachedRowSet class provides a set of protected cursor manipulation methods, which a FilteredRowSet implementation can override to supply filtering support.
2.0 Predicate Sharing
If a FilteredRowSet implementation is shared using the inherited createShared method in parent interfaces, the Predicate should be shared without modification by all FilteredRowSet instance clones.
3.0 Usage
By implementing a Predicate (see example in Predicate class JavaDoc), a FilteredRowSet could then be used as described below.
 FilteredRowSet frs = new FilteredRowSetImpl();
 frs.populate(rs);

 Range name = new Range("Alpha", "Bravo", "columnName");
 frs.setFilter(name);

 frs.next() // only names from "Alpha" to "Bravo" will be returned

In the example above, we initialize a Range object which implements the Predicate interface. This object expresses the following constraints: All rows outputted or modified from this FilteredRowSet object must fall between the values 'Alpha' and 'Bravo' both values inclusive, in the column 'columnName'. If a filter is applied to a FilteredRowSet object that contains no data that falls within the range of the filter, no rows are returned.
This framework allows multiple classes implementing predicates to be used in combination to achieved the required filtering result with out the need for query language processing.
4.0 Updating a FilteredRowSet Object
The predicate set on a FilteredRowSet object applies a criterion on all rows in a RowSet object to manage a subset of rows in a RowSet object. This criterion governs the subset of rows that are visible and also defines which rows can be modified, deleted or inserted.
Therefore, the predicate set on a FilteredRowSet object must be considered as bi-directional and the set criterion as the gating mechanism for all views and updates to the FilteredRowSet object. Any attempt to update the FilteredRowSet that violates the criterion will result in a SQLException object being thrown.
The FilteredRowSet range criterion can be modified by applying a new Predicate object to the FilteredRowSet instance at any time. This is possible if no additional references to the FilteredRowSet object are detected. A new filter has has an immediate effect on criterion enforcement within the FilteredRowSet object, and all subsequent views and updates will be subject to similar enforcement.
5.0 Behavior of Rows Outside the Filter
Rows that fall outside of the filter set on a FilteredRowSet object cannot be modified until the filter is removed or a new filter is applied.
Furthermore, only rows that fall within the bounds of a filter will be synchronized with the data source.
Field Summary

Fields inherited from interface javax.sql.rowset.WebRowSet
PUBLIC_XML_SCHEMA, SCHEMA_SYSTEM_ID

Fields inherited from interface javax.sql.rowset.CachedRowSet
COMMIT_ON_ACCEPT_CHANGES

Fields inherited from interface java.sql.ResultSet
CLOSE_CURSORS_AT_COMMIT, CONCUR_READ_ONLY, CONCUR_UPDATABLE, FETCH_FORWARD, FETCH_REVERSE, FETCH_UNKNOWN, HOLD_CURSORS_OVER_COMMIT, TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY, TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE

Method Summary
 Predicate getFilter()
 Retrieves the active filter for this FilteredRowSet object.
 void setFilter(Predicate p)
 Applies the given Predicate object to this FilteredRowSet object.

Methods inherited from interface javax.sql.rowset.WebRowSet
readXml, readXml, writeXml, writeXml, writeXml, writeXml

Methods inherited from interface javax.sql.rowset.CachedRowSet
acceptChanges, acceptChanges, columnUpdated, columnUpdated, commit, createCopy, createCopyNoConstraints, createCopySchema, createShared, execute, getKeyColumns, getOriginal, getOriginalRow, getPageSize, getRowSetWarnings, getShowDeleted, getSyncProvider, getTableName, nextPage, populate, populate, previousPage, release, restoreOriginal, rollback, rollback, rowSetPopulated, setKeyColumns, setMetaData, setOriginalRow, setPageSize, setShowDeleted, setSyncProvider, setTableName, size, toCollection, toCollection, toCollection, undoDelete, undoInsert, undoUpdate

Methods inherited from interface javax.sql.RowSet
addRowSetListener, clearParameters, execute, getCommand, getDataSourceName, getEscapeProcessing, getMaxFieldSize, getMaxRows, getPassword, getQueryTimeout, getTransactionIsolation, getTypeMap, getUrl, getUsername, isReadOnly, removeRowSetListener, setArray, setAsciiStream, setAsciiStream, setAsciiStream, setAsciiStream, setBigDecimal, setBigDecimal, setBinaryStream, setBinaryStream, setBinaryStream, setBinaryStream, setBlob, setBlob, setBlob, setBlob, setBlob, setBlob, setBoolean, setBoolean, setByte, setByte, setBytes, setBytes, setCharacterStream, setCharacterStream, setCharacterStream, setCharacterStream, setClob, setClob, setClob, setClob, setClob, setClob, setCommand, setConcurrency, setDataSourceName, setDate, setDate, setDate, setDate, setDouble, setDouble, setEscapeProcessing, setFloat, setFloat, setInt, setInt, setLong, setLong, setMaxFieldSize, setMaxRows, setNCharacterStream, setNCharacterStream, setNCharacterStream, setNCharacterStream, setNClob, setNClob, setNClob, setNClob, setNClob, setNClob, setNString, setNString, setNull, setNull, setNull, setNull, setObject, setObject, setObject, setObject, setObject, setObject, setPassword, setQueryTimeout, setReadOnly, setRef, setRowId, setRowId, setShort, setShort, setSQLXML, setSQLXML, setString, setString, setTime, setTime, setTime, setTime, setTimestamp, setTimestamp, setTimestamp, setTimestamp, setTransactionIsolation, setType, setTypeMap, setURL, setUrl, setUsername

Methods inherited from interface java.sql.ResultSet
absolute, afterLast, beforeFirst, cancelRowUpdates, clearWarnings, close, deleteRow, findColumn, first, getArray, getArray, getAsciiStream, getAsciiStream, getBigDecimal, getBigDecimal, getBigDecimal, getBigDecimal, getBinaryStream, getBinaryStream, getBlob, getBlob, getBoolean, getBoolean, getByte, getByte, getBytes, getBytes, getCharacterStream, getCharacterStream, getClob, getClob, getConcurrency, getCursorName, getDate, getDate, getDate, getDate, getDouble, getDouble, getFetchDirection, getFetchSize, getFloat, getFloat, getHoldability, getInt, getInt, getLong, getLong, getMetaData, getNCharacterStream, getNCharacterStream, getNClob, getNClob, getNString, getNString, getObject, getObject, getObject, getObject


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BBC News
watch One-Minute World News
Last Updated: Tuesday, 26 October, 2004, 10:33 GMT 11:33 UK
Nuclear body seeks new technology
By Tracey Logan
BBC Science unit
Bushehr reactor in Iran
The UN agency aims to keep an eye on nuclear plants across the world
The computer systems used to monitor the world's nuclear power installations are so outdated that they are hampering the work of inspectors.
A spokesman for the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) said its current technology could allow key information to be overlooked as it was more than 20 years old.
Such systems are the only method of tracking nuclear material worldwide.
The agency has appealed for more funds to update its hardware and software.
"A major overhaul of the system is needed to allow inspectors immediate, secure online access to information," said project manager Livio Costantini.
Inefficient search
IAEA inspectors make around 3,000 visits a year to more than 900 nuclear facilities worldwide.
They are there to verify official reports of activities in the plants, to carry out environmental checks, and also to look for any signs that nuclear material is being smuggled in or out of the facility.
Czech Temelin nuclear power plant
Hundreds of nuclear facilities worldwide are inspected
The computer system inspectors currently use for comparing data from earlier visits, for instance, was built in the 1970s and largely paper based.
An IAEA spokesman said this was extremely inefficient and makes searching for anomalies like searching for a needle in a haystack.
The organisation is aiming to start a system upgrade in November, aiming to provide inspectors in the field with secure online access to previous inspection data, design blueprints of nuclear facilities, even satellite images of the plant.
Where possible, it hopes to link the system with national records of the import and export of nuclear materials.
Further analysis of these could help spot potential smuggling activities or illicit technology transfers between countries, according to a spokesman.
Cash shortfall
Computer specialist at the IAEA, Peter Smith, would like to be able to incorporate state of the art visualisation techniques, more familiar to video games players, into the inspector's toolkit.
"The commercials you now see have people are moving around in a virtual world," he said.
"If we could have that on our laptops, we could be walking through the plant seeing, on the laptop, how the plant should look.
"And if there's a door in the wall that is not on our laptop, then we have a problem."
The IAEA estimates the total cost of the four-year project to upgrade its technology will be $40m. So far it has only received $11m from the US and the UK.
"Failure to replace the hardware and software, and to integrate fully all the information system components will carry large risks," said an agency statement.
UN predicts rapid nuclear growth
26 Jun 04 | Science/Nature
Q&A: Iran's nuclear stand-off
21 Oct 04 | Middle East
Iraq nuclear losses 'a scandal'
13 Oct 04 | Middle East
IAEA resumes S Korea probe
20 Sep 04 | Asia-Pacific
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text:
DETERMINATION OF STATISTICAL PARAMETERS. PHASE II. CONCRETE PAVEMENT AND STRUCTURES
The report covers the investigations, findings and conclusions of a research project conducted to obtain reliable information required for the preparation of realistic specifications for Portland cement concrete for the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. The research was conducted over a period from October 1973 to April 1975. The work involved (1) the drafting of trial specifications (2) the random sampling and testing of pavement and structure concrete on a statewide basis, and (3) the revision of the trial specifications as required by the findings of the random sampling. Concrete samplings were made on 35 projects distributed over eight counties. Random samplings included 165 of structure concrete and 297 of pavement concrete. To facilitate analysis, the statistical parameters of measurements made on all samples were obtained from the data by means of computer programs specifically developed for the purpose. Field measurements of slump and air content were made on all samples. Tests of compressive and flexural strength were made. Data from all tests were analyzed to determine averages, standard deviation among projects, standard deviation within projects, overall standard deviation, and coefficient of variation.
- See also report dated October, 1972, PB-218-857.
Materials Research and Development12150 Parklawn Drive
Rockville, MD United States 20852
Washington, DC United States 20590
Harrisburg, PA United States 17112
- Hudson, S B
- Bowery, F J
- Publication Date: 1975-7
- Pagination: 135 p.
- TRT Terms: Aggregates; Air entrainment; Analysis of variance; Compression tests; Compressive strength; Computer programs; Concrete pavements; Concrete structures; Density; Field tests; Flexural strength; Materials; Portland cement; Quality assurance; Regression analysis; Sampling; Specifications; Standard deviation; Statistics
- Old TRIS Terms: Compressive strength tests; Density mass/volume; Material specifications; Materials specifications
- Subject Areas: Data and Information Technology; Geotechnology; Highways; Materials;
- Accession Number: 00137051
- Record Type: Publication
- Source Agency: National Technical Information Service
- Report/Paper Numbers: MTRESDEVWGAI-757352 Res. Rpt.
- Files: NTIS, TRIS, USDOT, STATEDOT
- Created Date: Aug 23 1976 12:00AM


text:
Mountaintops, like Mount Dana in Yosemite National Park, have extreme conditions of cold and wind. The mountaintops are isolated from one another and so create a small island of favorable conditions for some plants.
Why It Matters
- Yosemite has high flat plateaus at around 12,000 feet elevation. The plateaus stuck up while glaciers carved around them.
- On these rocky plateaus are plants that grow nowhere else. They are endemic to these high altitude environments.
- Animals can be found up this high too but they are rare. Some, like the marmot, hibernate during the long winters.
Explore More/Show What You Know/Can You Apply It?
With the link below, learn more about sky islands. Then answer the following questions.
- Yosemite National Park, Yosemite Nature Notes – 16 – Sky Islands (video): _URL_
- Why are the locations discussed in the video called sky islands?
- As you move up in altitude along the Tioga Road in Yosemite, what happens to the vegetation?
- What characteristics of the plants in the sky islands are the scientists putting in their inventory?
- What is the long-term goal of this type of study? Why are scientists interested in doing studies like this long-term?
- As climate warms, what will happen to these plants that live at the tops of mountains?
- How much biodiversity is found in sky islands in Yosemite National Park?


text:
We roll out the red carpet for dignitaries and celebrities, but what about World War II fighters plane that need to land in battlefields without airstrips? For them, the Army rolled out the burlap:
A FACTOR in Allied victories on the Western Front has been the availability of airstrips for our fighters directly behind the battle lines.
Thanks to a new type of mat which resembles tar paper, Army engineers have been able to lay these emergency fields in recordbreaking time. When a location suitable for an airfield has been rolled and graded, a device known as a "stamplicker," towed by a truck, rolls over it strips of burlap material called "Hessian Mat." These rolls are 100 yards long and 36 inches wide. As they pass through the rollers of the stamplicker, which is towed at a speed between 2-1/2 and 4 miles per hour, they are coated with a 50-50 solution of gasoline and asphalt, called "RC-3 cutback."
The strips are laid with a 50 percent overlap and their seams are sealed with a special tar compound, the resultant surface having about the same non-skid properties as an asphalt highway.
Modern Mechanix has more on this modern marvel, as published in the Jun 1945 issue of Mechanix Illustrated: Link


Robot Motion Planning Integrating Planning Strategies and Learning Methods
Luca Maria Gambardella and Cristina Versino
Robot motion planning in a dynamic cluttered workspace requires the capability of dealing with obstacles and deadlock situations. The paper analyzes situations where the robot is considered with its shape and size and it can only perceive the space through its local sensors. The robot explores the space using a planner based on an artificial potential field and incrementally learns a fast way to escape or prevent deadlock situations using a combination of sensor perceptions, field information and planner experience. The knowledge acquired is a high-level network useful for avoiding deadlock areas consisting of local minimum nodes, backtracking nodes and sub-goal nodes.


of running with multiple processes as you need to consider that each process will use up to the nominal maximum amount that your web application uses. Thus, how much memory your web application uses dictates how many separate processes you can use in a multi process configuration before you run out of system memory.
When using the Tornado web server though there is a hidden trap which I don't believe many would appreciate exists and would have done something about.
The issue in this case is that when the Tornado web server receives a request which contains request content, it will by default read all that request content into memory before even passing the request to the handler for that request. This is noted in the Tornado documentation by the statement:
By default uploaded files are fully buffered in memory; if you need to handle files that are too large to comfortably keep in memory see the stream_request_body class decorator.
It is a little detail, but the potential impacts of it are significant. This is because of the fact that Tornado can in theory process so many requests at the same time and so those concurrent requests can each be buffering up to 100MB at the same time and so blowing out memory usage. In fact, I am not even sure if there is a hard limit.
Even if there is a hard limit it is likely to be set to be quite high. Such a limit isn't therefore generally going to help, as Tornado will only block requests automatically when the request content length is specified as being greater than 100MB in size. If chunked request content were being sent, it can't even block it as the amount of request content will not be known in advance, so it still has to read and buffer the request content to work out the size and whether the limit is reached.
With such a high default limit and there being no effective limit that can be applied at the outset for chunked request content, it is actually relatively easy, as a result of the buffering, to cause a Tornado web application to use up huge amounts of memory. This doesn't even need to be the result of a concerted denial of service attack by a malicious actor. Instead, if you are using Tornado for handling large file uploads and need to deal with slow clients such as mobiles, then many concurrent requests could quite easily cause a Tornado web application to use quite a lot of memory just during the phase of initially reading the request in.
This is all in contrast to WSGI applications where no request content is read until the WSGI application itself decides to read in the content, allowing the WSGI application itself to decide how it is handled. This is possible with WSGI because of the blocking model and use of processes/threads for concurrency. Things get much harder in ASYNC systems.
Tornado 4.0+ does now offer a solution to avoid these problems but it is not the default and is an opt in mechanism for which you have to add specific code into your web application on each request handler.
This newer mechanism in Tornado is that rather than the request content being buffered up and being passed complete to your handler as part of the request, it will be passed to your handler via a 'data_received()' method as the data arrives. This will be the raw data though and does mean that if handling a form post or file upload, you will need to parse the raw data yourself to decode it.
Anyway, the point of raising these issue is to highlight the need to pay close attention to the Tornado web server configuration and how request content is handled. This is because the default configuration and way things are handled, is as I understand it, susceptible to memory issues and not just through the normal operation of your web application but also through deliberate attacks. In a memory constrained environment of a PaaS, the last thing you want is to run out of memory.
What the overall best practices are for Tornado for handling this I don't know and I welcome anyone pointing out any resources where it clearly explains how best to design a Tornado web application to avoid problems with large request content.
From my limited knowledge of using Tornado, I would at least suggest look at doing the following:
 - If you are not handling large uploads, set the 'max_buffer_size' value to be something a lot smaller than 100MB. It needs to be just enough to handle any encoded form POST data or other file uploads you need to handle.
 - Look at the new request content streaming API in Tornado 4.0+ and consider implementing a common 'data_received()' method for all your handlers such that more restrictive per handler limits can be placed on the 'max_buffer_size'. This could be handled by way of a decorator on the method. With this set the limit to '0' for all handlers which would never receive any request content. Even if handling a form post, set a limit commensurate with what you expect. You would though also need new common code for parsing form post data received via 'data_received()'.
 - For large file uploads, use 'data_received()' to process the data straight away, or save the data straight out to a temporary file, rather than buffer it up in memory, until you are read to process it.
Although I have looked specifically at request content as that presents a more serious problem due to possibly being used as an attack vector, also be mindful to what degree Tornado may buffer up response content as well when it cannot be written out to a client in a timely manner. It has been a while since I have looked at that side of Tornado so I can't remember exactly how that works.

In closing on this issue, it needs to be stressed that this isn't an OpenShift specific issue. It can happen in any environment. It is raised in relation to OpenShift because of it being common that PaaS offerings generally have less memory available per instance for your web application to use.

For those who understand the inner workings of Tornado better than I, which wouldn't be hard, if I have misrepresented anything about how Tornado works then please let me know, providing an explanation of what does happen.
Automatic scaling of gears
Another issue which needs some attention when using ASYNC applications on OpenShift is how automatic scaling for gears works.
The issue with automatic scaling is that a main selling point of ASYNC web applications is that they can handle a much larger number of concurrent requests. Because of how automatic scaling works though, the fixed thresholds on when scaling occurs may result in some surprises if you enable use of auto scaling in OpenShift for an ASYNC web application handling a large number of concurrent requests.
As this is a more complicated issue I will look at that in a subsequent post.
Friday, July 3, 2015
Using Apache to start and manage Docker containers.
In the last couple of posts (1, 2) I described what needed to be done when migrating a Python web site running under Apache/mod_wsgi to running inside of a Docker container. This included the steps necessary to have the existing Apache instance proxy requests for the original site through to the appropriate port on the Docker host and deal with any fix ups necessary to ensure that the backend Python web site understood what the public facing URL was.
In changing to running the Python web site under Docker, I didn't cover the issue of how the instance of the Docker container itself would be started up and managed. All I gave was an example command line for manually starting the container.
docker run --rm -p 8002:80 blog.example.com
The assumption here was that you already had the necessary infrastructure in place to start such Docker containers when the system started, and restart them automatically if for some reason they stopped running.
There are various ways one could manage service orchestration under Docker. These all come with their own infrastructure which has to be set up and managed.
If instead you are just after something simple to keep the Python web site you migrated into a Docker container running, and also manage it in conjunction with the front end Apache instance, then there is actually a trick one can do using mod_wsgi on the front end Apache instance.
Daemon process groups
When using mod_wsgi, by default any hosted WSGI application will run in what is called embedded mode. Although this is the default, if you are running on a UNIX system it is highly recommended you do not use embedded mode and instead use what is called daemon mode.
The difference is that with embedded mode, the WSGI application runs inside of the Apache child worker processes. These are the same processes which handle any requests received by Apache for serving up static files. Using embedded mode can result in various issues due to the way Apache manages those processes. The best solution is simply not to use embedded mode and use daemon mode instead.
For daemon mode, what happens is that a group of one or more separate daemon processes are created by mod_wsgi and the WSGI application is instead run within those. All that the Apache child worker processes do in this case is transparently proxy the requests through to the WSGI application running in those separate daemon processes. Being a separate set of processes, mod_wsgi is able to better control how those processes are managed.
In the initial post the example given was using daemon mode, but the aim was to move the WSGI application out of the front end Apache altogether and run it using a Docker container instead. This necessitated the manual configuration to proxy the requests through to that now entirely separate web application instance running under Docker.
Now an important aspect of how mod_wsgi daemon process groups work, is


text:
You are here
The main MACC REA product to consider for stratospheric composition is generated by the coupled model IFS-MOZART since 2003-01-01: this is experiment fbov. Here we evaluate these analyses by comparison with those generated by the BASCOE system. BASCOE is used as a reference because it was specifically designed for the stratosphere and its algorithm takes chemical interactions into account (multivariate assimilation). It assimilates vertical profiles delivered by Envisat-MIPAS, not only of ozone but also NO2, H2O, HNO3, CH4 and N2O.
- Reanalyses of ozone
- Reanalyses of NOx (=NO+NO2)
Among trace gases depleting stratospheric ozone, Nitrogen oxide (NO) is the most abundant to occur naturally. Its very short lifetime makes direct evaluation very difficult, so we focus instead on the longer-lived family NOx (=NO+NO2). While stratospheric NO2 was not assimilated by IFS-MOZART, it is one of the species assimilated by BASCOE during the MIPAS period.