text:
The revolutionary AquaC protein skimmers do not use venturis, downdraft tubes, or air pumps; they employ the patented "Spray Injection System." This innovation allows the protein skimmer to efficiently draw in much more air than any other of the top protein skimmers. This coupled with the superiorly designed compact reaction chamber yields results that will literally blow the waste out of your water.How does Spray Injection Work?
In 1998, Jason Kim (owner and founder of AquaC) developed a patented process of protein skimming which has come to be known as Spray Injection. Unlike previous forms of skimming, our spray injection method enables huge amounts of air and water to be processed with a relatively small pump. Although it is a simple process, there is still some confusion as to how the spray injector works.
Imagine that you're washing your car – you've got a bucket full of soapy water and a garden hose with a fast-moving stream of water. By placing your thumb over the end of the hose, you can disrupt the stream into a turbulent, high –pressure spray. Now direct that spray down into the bucket of water, and you'll generate a massive amount of bubbles and air flow. That is exactly how our spray injector works.
The skimmer body acts as a water reservoir – the bucket in the example above. Water is pumped through the spray injector, which has a special nozzle that fans the water out into a pressurized spray. This spray shoots into the skimmer body, generating millions of tiny air bubbles. As the bubbles are formed, more air is sucked into the skimmer as a result of the local drop in pressure and the process continues.
Most other forms of protein skimming rely on special valves or media to generate the air flow, and these parts quickly become clogged with salt, dust, or even mineral deposits. The AquaC spray injector is a relatively large nozzle that resists clogging, and when combined with a pump prefilter, can be considered maintenance free.
The redesigned and improved EV Series skimmers raise AquaC's spray injection skimming (U.S. Patent # 6,156,209, #6,436,295) to a new level in terms of efficiency, performance, and value. A new baffling system combined with a significantly larger mixing box results in far less turbulence and increased contact time. The net effect is a dramatic increase in skimmer performance despite a drop in pump pressure requirements. AquaC's molded spray injector now generates a significantly larger number of microbubbles, boosting overall performance to unbelievable levels considering such low pump pressure requirements.Features:
- Flexible design for in-sump or external applications.
- The new EV Series skimmers are designed to run in sumps WITHOUT BEING RAISED. The output gate valve has been increased to a height of 10" (EV-120/180 models), which means that as long as your sump level is 9" or lower you will not need to worry about fluctuations having an impact on skimming consistency. The powerful EV-120 can sit in water as deep as 9".
- The addition of a precision ball valve for airflow control allows the aquarist to fine tune the skimmer's output. Unlike most other high performance skimmers in this class, the EV is remarkably silent. The spray injection system does not generate the sucking noises typical of venturi and Beckett units.
- The John Guest "Speedfit" fitting is a great feature you will only find on AquaC ozone-equipped skimmers. This fitting is standard on models EV-240 and above, and can be ordered on the EV-120/180. Aquarists may also connect their calcium reactor effluent line to the skimmer's speedfit connection. The pH of a calcium reactor effluent typically falls between 6.5-6.9, and over time the addition of this low pH effluent can have a deleterious effect on the system's pH level. By dosing your effluent directly into the skimmer, excess CO2 will be "blown off" into the atmosphere and the tank pH will remain unaffected.
- The improved "Twist-Lock" collection cup and cap makes for a secure, flanged connection without the need for set screws or other locking type unions. Simply twist to crack the seal (EPDM gaskets) and removal requires a scant ¼" clearance. The new EV Series skimmers can be operated with AquaC's auto-waste container, which are available in 2.5 and 5 liter sizes.
- Increased contact time = more protein removal. The size of the mixing box has been increased on all models by approximately 40%. To accommodate the extra foam the skimmers now feature taller and wider reaction towers, as well.
- Height: 20"
- Recommend Pumps: Mag Drive 7 or Rio 3100
- Footprint: 5.75" x 9"
- Foam Tower: 5" OD
- Tank Size: 75-180 Gallons
- JG Fitting: Optional 1/4" JG fitting
- Bubble Size:.03–.05mm
- Water flow-thru rate: 275gph
- Volume of foam produced: 135cu.in.
- 3/4" hose barb water input
- 1" gate valve output
- 5/8" collection cup drain
- 3/8" threaded air inlet
- Gate valve exit is 8" high
|EV 120/180 Skimmer
||EV 240 Skimmer|
AquaC Protein Skimmers in Use
|This is one reef aquariums where the AquaC prototypes are tested on.|
At the time of the picture, this aquarium had been running with an AquaC EV90. Note that this aquarium is fairly heavily stocked. After this picture was taken, quite a bit more livestock has been added to this aquarium. Currently, an AquaC EV150 is running on this well-overstocked tank. AquaC feels that this the EV150 is probably not neccessary for the tank, but they feed their tank quite aggressively to keep all the fishes that has been added healthy and wanted to keep maintenance at a minimum. According to AquaC, maintenance on this aquarium has been extremely low.
The AquaC EV-150 protein skimmer working on our aquairum:
Please note the dry consistency and quantity of the foam being collected by the AquaC protein skimmer. This drain cup is being filled on a daily basis. There is a convenient collection cup drain connector that allows you to drain the the waste collected in collection cup into a waste container.
This particular model stands only 20" tall, so it is extremely easy to place this skimmer underneath most aquarium stands. Even the model EV200 fits very easily under most aquarium stands.
The AquaC EV skimmer working in one of our customer's tank:


text:
Can subjective resilience indicators predict future food security? Evidence from three communities in rural Kyrgyzstan
Recent attempts to develop a standardised tool to quantify levels of household resilience to climate extremes have typically generated very large household surveys, which take a number of hours to complete. Moreover, there are significant questions over which resilience capacities to measure, how to measure them, and how to weight them for their relative importance in facilitating or hindering resilience in any given context.
This paper is the first to quantitatively compare the power of subjective and objective resilience measures to predict future wellbeing (in this case, represented by household food security) in the face of socio-environmental shocks and stressors. It finds that subjective approaches to resilience measurement may offer an attractive alternative to objective surveys.
Key points for decision-makers
- A subjective approach asks respondents to rate their overall perceived resilience. Therefore more emphasis is placed on what resilience means to local people and it leaves the choice of which capacities, in what combination and quantities up to them.
- The study used a household panel data set collected in three contrasting rural Kyrgyzstan villages. The results reveal that subjective resilience indicators are strong independent predictors of future food security.
- The subjective indicators capture variance that is not picked up by standard objective indicators and increase the accuracy of models that predict future levels of household food security.
- There is tentative evidence that the subjective resilience indicators may be comparable across contexts, but more research is required to confirm this early-stage observation.
This work was undertaken as part of the Pathways to Resilience in Semi-Arid Economies (PRISE) project.
ISSN 2515-5717 (Online) – Grantham Research Institute Working Paper series
ISSN 2515-5709 (Online) – CCCEP Working Paper series

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Water filtered with a Nazava water purifiers is hundred percent safe for human consumption. Compared to boiling, water purified with a Nazava water filter is healthier because dust and particles are removed together with harmful organic components and chlorine.
The Tulip filter lasts for 3 years.
The water filter candle consists of ceramic that is impregnated with silver and with a core of activated carbon.
The ceramic has very small pores of 0.4 micron. This means that all bacteria cysts,parasites, spores of fungi and other microorganisms are filtered out by the ceramic water filter.
Activated carbon within the water filter candle, reduces the content of harmful chemicals such as pesticides and chlorine and improves the taste.
Colloidal silver kills micro-organisms that are trapped at the surface of the ceramic.
Tulip ceramic water filter candle
|Pore size||0.4 micron|
|Made of||Ceramic, nano silver, activated carbon|
|Water Filter Candle needs to be changed each||7000 litres of filtered water / every 3 years|

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


as if
Definition of as if
 1. 1 : as it would be if It was as if he had lost his last friend.
 2. 2 : as one would do if He ran as if ghosts were chasing him.
 3. 3 : that It seemed as if the day would never end.
 4. 4 —used to say that something is not true, not possible, will not happen, etc. "I am sure I am very affectionate," said Dora; "you oughtn't to be cruel to me, Doady!" "Cruel, my precious love! As if I would—or could—be cruel to you, for the world!" — Charles Dickens ; sometimes used informally as an interjection to say that something suggested or claimed is impossible, incorrect, or ridiculously unlikely to be true A simple collection of songs? As if. How about a conceptual ode to London's millennia-old history? — Craig McLean Big budgets? High-priced actresses? As if! The film cost a modest $13 million, a figure achieved by not casting stars, but rather stars-in-the-making … — Nicholas Fonseca
Examples of as if in a sentence
 1.
13th Century
First Known Use of as if
13th century
AS IF Defined for Kids
as if
Definition of as if for Students
 1. 1 : the way it would be if It's as if we'd never left.
 2. 2 : as someone would do if They acted as if they knew me.
 3. 3 : 2that 1 It seemed as if the day would never end.
Learn More about as if
Seen and Heard
What made you want to look up as if? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).
a side road used to avoid a toll
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text:
EU's largest marine protected area
The Scottish Government has submitted proposals to the EU that include plans for Europe's largest marine area of nature conservation in waters west of Scotland.
The designation of Hatton Bank as a Special Area of Conservation (SAC), located approximately 500 km west of Lewis, would cover an area of more than 15,000 square kilometres.
Jonathan Hughes, IUCN Regional Councillor for West Europe and Director of Conservation at Scottish Wildlife Trust, commented:
"The announcement by the Scottish Government and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee of five candidate Special Areas of Conservation in the offshore zone around Scotland is welcome news for what remain some of the most heavily exploited seas in the world."
"Hatton Bank, a volcanic structure that stretches almost 500 km and up to 1,000 m in depth, will become the largest marine protected area in the European Union, helping safeguard a variety of soft and hard corals including Lophelia pertusa biogenic reefs."
"Scotland will in the next two years designate many more nationally important marine protected areas under the 2010 Marine (Scotland) Act, a long overdue piece of legislation which many IUCN Members campaigned for and helped shape."
"Ultimately the goal in Scotland is to achieve international targets under the Convention on Biological Diversity of having 10% of Scotland's seas protected. Securing such protection will not only benefit biodiversity, it should also increase productivity and help secure a future for those communities which depend on healthy oceans for their livelihoods. This is a prime example of a nature-based solution to the problem of declining marine productivity".
Hatton Bank would form part of a package of five new SACs in offshore waters to the west and north of Scotland. The new sites would contribute to the Marine Protected Areas network – an EU requirement under the Habitats Directive.
Read more here
Read more on the United Kingdom's biodiversity and action to conserve it in this month's Country Focus.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Angelica is a tall biennial plant that acquired the name from its supposed ability to prevent or cure plague. People considered it a "guardian angel." All parts of the plant are aromatic. Use the leaves in salads, add the seeds as a flavoring in cooking, cook the roots as a vegetable and candy the stems. Essential angelica oil is used to flavor vermouth and Benedictine.
- More detailed information can be found in The Georgia Fruit & Vegetable Book
by Walter Reeves and Felder Rushing
- See also Home Garden Angelica
WHEN TO PLANT
Plant angelica in early spring, as soon as the worst of the freezing weather is over. It can tolerate frost but not temperatures that get down to the teens at night.
WHERE TO PLANT
This tall-growing herb needs room because it will reach 5 feet tall and spread 2 to 3 feet. Angelica prefers a location with light, moist soil that is in partial shade (filtered sun all day or shade part of the day). These plants fit equally well in a perennial border and the vegetable garden.
HOW TO PLANT
Buy started plants in the spring. Space the plants at least 2 feet apart in the garden in well-prepared soil. Usually, a couple of plants are sufficient for culinary needs. Since these are biennial plants, they flower the second year after planting and then die out. To have flowering plants each year, plant or sow seed each year. You may collect seeds in the fall and sow them immediately, or you may save seeds in an airtight jar in the refrigerator and sow them the following spring.
CARE AND MAINTENANCE
Control weeds until the plants are large enough to shade them out. Mulching is not recommended as weed prevention because of its potential to attract slugs. The plants prefer cool weather and moist soil; as with most aromatic herbs, these plants do better in soil with low fertility. Water angelica in dry weather. Giving them 1 inch per week is probably okay but too lush growing conditions cause overly tall, weak plants.
Harvest leaves as needed during the season. Pick pieces of fresh stem with the leaves for candying. At season's end, collect and dry the leaves. Harvest the seeds as they ripen in the flower heads. If flower heads are removed, these plants will last several years, growing as short-lived perennials. If the plant is allowed to flower and the seed is allowed to ripen on the plants and fall to the ground, angelica can become naturalized in the garden. Plant it where it can grow undisturbed by other gardening activities.


Audouin Dollfus
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Audouin Dollfus
Born (1924-11-12)November 12, 1924
Died October 1, 2010(2010-10-01) (aged 85)
Nationality French
Fields astronomy
Institutions Paris Observatory
Alma mater University of Paris
Doctoral advisor Bernard Lyot
Known for Discoverer of Janus
Audouin Charles Dollfus (November 12, 1924 – October 1, 2010[1]) was a French astronomer and aeronaut, specialist in studies of the solar system and discoverer of Janus, a moon of Saturn.
Life and career[edit]
He was born in Paris to Charles Dollfus.
He studied at the University of Paris, obtaining a doctorate in physical sciences in 1955. Beginning in 1946, Dollfus worked as an astronomer at the Meudon Observatory, following his advisor and mentor Bernard Lyot. In particular, he directed the Laboratory of Solar System Physics there. Upon his passing, he was an honorary astronomer at the Paris Observatory. Most of his work was carried out based on observations from the Pic du Midi Observatory, and his preferred research method is the use of polarized light as a diagnostic of the properties of solar system objects. Through patient and persistent research and the development of new observational techniques, he was able to obtain many remarkable results. Dollfus has published more than 300 scientific publications, relating primarily to astrophysics of the solar system.
Before the Viking spacecraft landed on Mars, the composition of the Martian surface was the subject of many debates. Dollfus tried to determine the composition of the Martian desert, through comparison with the appearance in polarized light of several hundred terrestrial minerals. He found that only pulverized limonite (Fe2O3) corresponded with the appearance of Mars, and concluded that the Martian surface could be composed of iron oxide. However, another astronomer, Gerald Kuiper of the University of Chicago, disagreed with this conclusion, believing that fine-grained igneous rocks were a better fit to the data, but subsequent observations proved Dollfus correct.
By using the polarization of light, it is possible to detect an atmosphere around a planet or natural satellite. In 1950, most scientists thought that Mercury, because of its small size, had probably lost its atmosphere due to molecular escape into space. Dollfus announced that he had detected a very small atmosphere, again using polarization measurements made at the Pic du Midi Observatory in the French Pyrenees. His discovery contradicted the previous theoretical predictions based on the kinetic theory of gases. Dollfus estimated that the atmospheric pressure at the surface of Mercury was approximately 1 mm of mercury. The nature of gas composing this atmosphere was unknown but thought to be a dense, heavy gas. It was however certain that the atmosphere of Mercury must be less than 1/300th that of the Earth. Currently, it is known that the atmosphere of Mercury is very thin indeed: only 10-15 bar, with the total mass of the atmosphere not exceeding 1000 kg.
Mercury has dark zones which contrast with a brighter bottom; this was observed first by Giovanni Schiaparelli in 1889. By using the refracting telescope of the Pic du Midi Observatory, Dollfus was able in 1959 to clearly resolve surface features as small as 300 km.
Dollfus also studied the possible presence of an atmosphere around the Moon. The rate of dissipation into space of any gases on the Moon (except for certain rare heavy elements) is so high that no substantial atmosphere is possible. The presence of any atmosphere should be detectable by the polarization of light; Bernard Lyot and later Dollfus showed that there was no detectable polarization, thereby confirming the theoretical prediction that the Moon lacks an atmosphere.
In 1966, Dollfus discovered Janus, a small inner moon of Saturn. He made this discovery by observing at a time when the rings, very close to Janus, were nearly edge-on to the Earth and thus practically invisible. At this time he probably also observed Epimetheus, a smaller moon which shares the same orbit as Janus, but he did not realize these were two separate objects and it is Richard Walker that holds credit for this discovery.
Aerospace and Ballooning Pioneer[edit]
With his father, the aeronautical pioneer Charles Dollfus, he holds several world records in ballooning, including the first stratospheric flight in France. He was the first to carry out astronomical observations from a stratospheric balloon, in particular to study Mars in a detailed way.
Honours and awards[edit]
The asteroid 2451 Dollfus was named in his honour.
He was awarded the Prix Jules Janssen of the French Astronomical Society in 1993.


What you need to know about Non-Morning People
I am not a morning person. I continually fail to understand why people who have known me for many years appear to forget this. Ultimately, I have decided that they are suicidal and they have chosen me as the means to that end. If you are not suicidal, here are some tips to survive the early hours with a non-morning person.
1. Do not speak. In fact, try not to make any noise at all. Whatever you do, never speak directly to the non-morning person.
2. Do not make eye contact. This is considered a precursor to speech. Don't do it.
3. Do not block the sink, the doorway, the hallway, and most especially the coffee pot.
4. If at all possible, leave random steaming cups of caffeinated beverages around the house to distract the non-morning person from yourself.
5. Do not be cheerful (i.e. loud) within sight or hearing of the non-morning person. Witnessing early morning cheerfulness is known to significantly delay the caffeine response in the afflicted. You do not want this.
6. Do not take it personally when a non-morning person does not return a chipper morning greeting. You have violated rule 5 and she is simply busy trying not to kill you.
7 – 9 DO NOT SPEAK to the non-morning person. This is repeated for your own benefit. Learn it. Live it. Tattoo it on your arm if necessary.
10. If you must speak to the non-morning person, first check to see if she has coffee in her hands. This will help distract her from the urge to cause you bodily harm. If you're lucky, she may answer in something approximating English. It may or may not contain expletives though. Sorry.
The above rules will generally be in effect until no less than 3 large cups of decent grade coffee are consumed. Violate them at you own risk.


Zen & Buddhism Q&As
What kinds of Zen are found in the West?
Of the five schools of Zen, only two have any significant presence in the West; Soto and Rinzai.
In Rinzai there is more emphasis on acheiving enlightenment. Koans are sometimes used as part of meditation practice,and the relationship between teacher and student is more intense, often comprising one to one interviews (dokusan) where the student may well be questioned on his understanding of the koan he has been given. Pure Rinzai isn't so common in the West, but if you wanted to find it, a good place to start would probably be Mount Baldy Zen Centre in California, who could point you in the right direction. Master Maezumi had lineages in both Soto and Rinzai,and his successors teach both. You can find them at the White Plum Sangha. D.T.Suzuki was in the Rinzai tradition.
Soto is the more widespread school, both in Japan and in the West, and it is the tradition that we practice within.In Soto, rather than a conscious striving for something,the emphasis is on shikantaza, which is often translated as 'just sitting'. Shunryu Suzuki's Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind is an excellent introduction to Soto.


lines[$x] .':'.
$lines[-1] } ) {
 41 $ok = 0;
 42 last;
 43 }
 44 }
 45 }
 46 if ($ok) {
 47 if ( $size == $width_of_board ) {
 48 print join( ':', map { $output[$_] } @lines ) . "\n";
 49 }
 50 else {
 51 for ( my $x = 0 ; $x < $number_of_permutations ;
$x++ ) {
 52 add_a_line( @lines, $x );
 53 }
 54 }
 55 }
 56 }
These changes took us down from 473 minutes to just 12. The elimination
of unnessessary comparisons in add_a_line() helped as did the
precalculation of those comparisons. There are lessons to be learnt
here, write decent code and cache repetetive comparisons. There are no
great tricks, just that bad code can cost you dearly and simple things
can bring big improvements. So with such a massive improvement how could
we make our code any faster?
Write it in C.
Having learnt the lessons developing the code in Perl I am not going to
start the whole thing over in C. Using version four I used the
precalculation phase of the Perl scripts to write out a C header file
with data structures that would be useful for the C program.
 1 #define WIDTH_OF_BOARD 5
 2 #define NUMBER_OF_PERMUTATIONS 120
 3 char *output_strings[] = {
 4 "54321",
 123 "12345",
 124 };
 125 bool compared[NUMBER_OF_PERMUTATIONS][NUMBER_OF_PERMUTATIONS] = {
 126 {false, false, ...
 245 {false, false, ...
 246 };
 247 int work[WIDTH_OF_BOARD];
This then leaves the C code itself. Lines 1 to 7 includes a load of
useful stuff, infact it is also probably including some quite
unneccessary stuff too, I just cut and paste it from another project.
 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <stdlib.h>
 3 #include <stdbool.h>
 4 #include <err.h>
 5 #include <string.h>
 6 #include <unistd.h>
 7 #include <sys/types.h>
Line 8 is the header file that Perl precalculated.
 8 #include "Latin.h"
Now the meat. The code is pretty much the same as version four just
adapted to C. No special C tricks, no weird pointer stuff, an almost
line for line translation of the Perl code.
 9 void
 10 add_a_row(int row)
 11 {
 12 bool is_ok;
 13 int x,y;
 14 if (row == WIDTH_OF_BOARD) {
 15 for (x = 0; x < WIDTH_OF_BOARD; x++) {
 16 if (x == 0) {
 17 printf("%s", output_strings[work[x]]);
 18 } else {
 19 printf(":%s", output_strings[work[x]]);
 20 }
 21 }
 22 puts("");
 23 } else {
 24 for (x = 0; x < NUMBER_OF_PERMUTATIONS; x++) {
 25 work[row] = x;
 26 is_ok = true;
 27 if (row != 0) {
 28 for( y = 0; y < row; y++ ) {
 29 if(compared[work[row]][work[y]] == false) {
 30 is_ok = false;
 31 break;
 32 }
 33 }
 34 }
 35 if (is_ok == true) {
 36 add_a_row(row + 1);
 37 }
 38 }
 39 }
 40 }
 41 int
 42 main(int argc, char *argv[])
 43 {
 44 add_a_row(0);
 45 }
And the C version ran in 5.5 seconds. In fact the 5.5 seconds includes
the Perl program that does all the precalculation to write the Latin.h
header file, the compiling of the C source and finally the running of
the program itself. So we have not cheated by doing some work outside
the timings.
Just think of it, 12 minutes down to 5.5 seconds without having to write
any incomprehensible C code. Because we all know that C code is
completely incomprehensible with it doing all that weird pointer stuff
all the time.
Now the Perl code could be improved, there are tricks that could be
pulled out of the bag to trim something off the 12 minutes. Perhaps
another language would be faster? But how far could you close the gap
from 12 minutes to 5.5 seconds?
Just to up the ante I added -fast -mcpu=7450 to the compiler (gcc
optimized for speed on an G4 Macintosh) and ran it again.
[Latin]$ time ./c_version.sh 5 > x5
real 0m3.986s
user 0m2.810s
sys 0m0.540s
Another 30% performance improvement without changing any code.
Lets review the languages we have used and their advantages. C is very
fast without any stupid tricks. C will give you better control over the
amount of memory you use (the Perl code eats up massive amounts of
memory in comparison, the 9 x 9 grid threw an out of memory error on my
1Gb machine).
It is much easier to develop in Perl. Any error message you get is
likely to at least give you a clue as to what the problem might be. C
programmers have to put up with the likes of 'Bus error' or
'Segmentation fault', which is why C programmers are grouches. Perl also
allows you to significantly improve your code without major rewrites.
There is a module called Memoize that can wrap a function and cache the
calls all by adding two extra lines to your code, the same is true for
most scripting languages.
So what am I recommending here, write all your programs in C? No. Write
all your programs in Perl? No. Write them in your favourite scripting
language to refine the code and then translate it into C if the
performance falls short of your requirements. Even if you intend to
write it in C all along hacking the code in Perl first allows you to
play with the algorithm without having to worry about memory allocation
and other such C style house keeping. Good code is good code in any
language.
If you really really want that performance boost then take the following
advice very seriously - "Write it in C".


text:
Thousands of dinosaurs, including the cow-sized, horned Centrosaurs, used to roam the coastal lowlands of Alberta 77 million years ago. But scientists think a massive event killed them all, resulting in a 2.4 square km bonebed.
According to senior research scientist David Eberth, a paleontologist and geologist at the Royal Tyrrell Museum in Alberta, that massive event was a hurricane-strength storm which struck the then-coastal Alberta with a vengeance.
"The flooding could have reached more than 100 kilometers (60 miles) from the shoreline," Eberth said. "The landscape basically just drowns."
As would the dinosaurs, who lived in the lowlands and would've had nowhere to flee to avoid the 12-to-15-foot waves.
"It's unlikely that these animals could tread water for very long, so the scale of the carnage must have been breathtaking," Eberth said. "The evidence suggests that after the flood, dinosaur scavengers reentered the area, trampling and smashing bones in their attempt to feast on the rotting remains."
(Via Live Science)


text:
Florida Garden Health
Florida Garden Health Florida Garden Health is a unique concentrated liquid which utilizes proprietary natural and renewable source linear polymers. Sold as a proprietary formulation n a liquid concentrate wholesale to farms, Golf Courses and distribution in 275 gallon totes and 55 gallon drums. Like all Earth's Fertilizers this product can be sold under a private label
Florida Garden Health is a unique concentrated liquid which utilizes proprietary natural and renewable source linear polymers. Florida Garden Health will facilitate, when used as specified:
- Will prevent fungal problems before they become systemic in the plant.
- Will eradicate existing fungal colonization.
- Promotes a natural and sustainable plant defense reaction to many pathogens.
- Induce improved resistance to fungus and nematodes.
- Melts exoskeletons of insects
- Low-toxicity ingredient technology with low persistence and residence time
- Improves the exchange of nutrients through the plant root system.
- Improves yield by helping to balance and build porosity in the soil.
- A 100% water soluble, anionic liquid that helps encapsulate the root system to prevent fungal and bacterial infections.
- Florida Garden Health has low environmental impact during use and is biodegradable.
Formulated and blended in Tampa Bay Florida USA


text:
Dyson Digital Motor
Michael Faraday invented the first electric motor in 1831 and its design has remained largely unchanged ever since. Lots of moving parts and a big, fragile fan make them unreliable. And they release carbon particles as their brushes wear down.
Dyson engineers spent seven years developing a new type of motor. Half the size and weight, the Dyson digital motor spins 88,000 times a minute - five times faster than a Formula One car engine. Fewer moving parts also means it lasts four-times longer than ordinary motors.
So far, it's being used in all our cordless machines as well as the Dyson Airblade™ hand dryer.


text:
Select Guidance Pattern screen (WAYLINE)
Select to access the Select Guidance Pattern screen. This screen will allow you to select a Guidance pattern to help guide your vehicle as you move across a given field.
Selected Guidance Pattern indicated in Bold
Select Guidance Pattern screen
- Select to select AB Lines Guidance pattern.
- Select to select Identical Curves Guidance pattern.
- Select to select Adaptive Curves Guidance pattern.
- Select to select Pivots Guidance pattern.
- Select to cancel the selection and return to the Guidance screen.
- Select to accept the selection. If accepted, you will be taken to a screen similar to the one shown in figure 6-18. This screen appears when a Guidance pattern is accepted. Here you
7. Note – This button only appears when AB lines is selected as the guidance pattern. Selecting will take you to another screen that will allow you to manually enter the longitude and latitude coordinates for A and B (refer page 6-16).
8. Select to cancel the selection and return to the Guidance Pattern Selection screen.
9. Select to accept the selection and return to the Guidance Pattern Selection screen.
Saving Guidance Patterns for Future Use
AB Lines, Pivots, Identical Curves and Adaptive Curves can be set and saved for use in specific fields. These lines can then be recalled in future when performing another application job in the same field.
Creating and saving these lines can ONLY be done while the vehicle is on the field and a Boundary file or Job file has been created. The only exception to this is the manual entry of A and B point coordinates.
Creating an AB line can be done in either one of two ways. You can either select an A and a B point while you are on your field and your GPS is active or you can can enter the coordinates of the A and B points manually. This is done by creating a new AB line file and selecting item 13 on figure 6-19. You will then be taken to a screen similar to as shown in figure 6-20.
Follow the instructions on page 6-16 to manually enter A and B point coordinates.
In Coverage Triggered mode, the guidance path begins to be drawn when coverage mapping is turned on. The end point of the guidance path is defined when coverage mapping is turned off.
This means that the guidance path will only be tracked when coverage mapping is on. When coverage mapping is turned off and on again, this initiates the tracking of a new guidance path.
This mode is particularly useful when used with Auto Section Control.
Manual End Of Row
In Manual End of Row mode, the beginning of the guidance path is defined when an A point is set and the end of the guidance path is defined when a B point is set.
This is similar to how AB Lines are set except that the guidance path is tracked based on the actual path of the vehicle and not on the direct distance between the A and B point.
This mode is the preferred choice when performing round and round coverage of a field
U-Turn Recognition mode is the same as Manual End of Row mode with one additional feature. In U-Turn Recognition mode, the console will detect when your vehicle is making a U-Turn and will automatically close the guidance path.
This means that instead of setting the B point to close the guidance path, the System 110/150 will do this automatically when a U-Turn is detected.
U-Turn Recognition mode is the preferred choice when performing row by row coverage of a field.


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When spending time outdoors, weather conditions can make or break your experience. From planning a hike to a day at the beach, having accurate information about weather conditions can help you make better decisions and stay safe. That's where a compact weather sensor comes in handy. In this article, we will explore how a compact weather sensor can enhance your outdoor experience, what features to look for, and how to use it effectively.
A compact weather sensor is a small, portable device that measures various weather parameters. These include temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed and direction, and precipitation. With a compact weather sensor, you can get up-to-date and accurate information about weather conditions in real-time. This can help you plan your outdoor activities more effectively, as well as stay safe in changing weather conditions.
When choosing a compact weather sensor, there are several features to consider. First and foremost, you want a sensor that is accurate and reliable. Look for sensors with high-quality sensors and advanced algorithms that provide precise and consistent data. You also want a sensor that is easy to use and has a user-friendly interface. Some sensors come with an app or online platform that allows you to view and analyze data, set alerts, and share information with others.
Another feature to consider is portability. A compact weather sensor is designed to be lightweight and easy to carry with you on the go. Look for sensors that have a small form factor and can be clipped onto your backpack or mounted on a tripod. You should also consider battery life. Look for sensors that have long-lasting batteries or are rechargeable, so you don't have to worry about your sensor dying in the middle of a trip.
Once you have selected a compact weather sensor, it's important to learn how to use it effectively. One of the most important things to keep in mind is calibration. Calibration is the process of adjusting the sensor to ensure that it is measuring accurately. Most sensors come pre-calibrated, but it's a good idea to check the calibration periodically, especially if the sensor has been dropped or subjected to extreme conditions.
Another important factor to consider is placement. The sensor should be placed in an open and level area away from obstructions or other sources of interference. For example, if you are measuring wind speed, the sensor should be located at least 10 feet off the ground and away from any trees, buildings, or other obstacles that could affect the wind flow. If you are measuring temperature or humidity, the sensor should be placed in a shaded area away from direct sunlight.
In addition to providing real-time data, a compact weather sensor can also help you track weather trends over time. By collecting and analyzing data over a period of time, you can identify patterns and make more informed decisions about your outdoor activities. For example, if you are a farmer, you can use a weather sensor to track rainfall patterns and determine the best time to plant crops. If you are a hiker, you can use a sensor to track weather conditions on a particular trail and adjust your plans accordingly.
Overall, a compact weather sensor is a valuable tool for anyone who spends time outdoors. With accurate and up-to-date weather information, you can make better decisions, stay safe, and enjoy your outdoor activities to the fullest. When choosing a sensor, look for accuracy, reliability, portability, and ease of use. And remember to calibrate the sensor periodically and place it in the right location for optimal performance. With these tips in mind, you can choose the right sensor and take your outdoor experience to the next level.


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Performance Evaluation Policy
The Performance Evaluation process is initiated by the Human Resources Office, which is responsible for issuing the appropriate forms and instructions. The procedure is as follows:
- Supervisors and employees are notified of the time schedule of the annual review process and are given the cost-of-living adjustment and the merit adjustment rates, if applicable.
- Supervisors are provided with evaluation forms for each employee in their department. The immediate supervisor prepares the evaluation and signs it. The evaluation form is then submitted to the appropriate Senior Cabinet Officer by the supervisor.
- The Senior Cabinet Officer reviews the form and discusses any concerns with the supervisor. Upon determination that the evaluation is fair and appropriate, the Senior Cabinet Officer signs the form and returns it to the immediate supervisor.
- The supervisor schedules a meeting with the employee to discuss the evaluation, allowing several days' advance notice in order to give the employee time to prepare for the discussion. A copy of the completed evaluation is given to and retained by the employee as part of the evaluation process.
Performance evaluation forms can obtained at:
Exempt Employees: eval_exempt.doc |eval_exempt.pdf
Non-Exempt Employees: eval_non_exempt.doc


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What is The 90/90 Hip Lift?
The 90/90 Hip Lift is an integral and foundational exercise from the Postural Restoration Institute (PRI). It is often taught in the foundational courses from PRI, and it is often where many clients, patients, and athletes begin their PRI journey. As a practitioner, I find myself coming back to this piece quite often, as it allows me to see an individual's motor control in many specific areas and more.
The 90/90 Hip Lift is an exercise that begins in a supine position (on your back), with your feet on an elevated surface, and knees in a flexed (or bent) position.
Sometimes you can have something in between your knees, other times not. The following article will describe more beyond just the initial position. The execution of this movement may be the most underrated aspect of this exercise, as a well executed 90/90 Hip Lift can help teach foundational lessons for further exploration later on.
Background for Using This Exercise
There are lots of reasons why someone might want to use this exercise. Reasons may involve relieving a certain region of sensory pain, improving sensory awareness of the body, and perhaps improving injuries that are often re-occurring. More specifically, the science of postural asymmetry and its effect on the body is evidenced from the Postural Restoration Institute's multi-disciplinary approach.
At the end of the day, there are several internal and structural asymmetries that are present in the human body, along with hemispheric (or brain) asymmetries that can dictate varying function of the body. For example, there is a liver on the right side of the body, and the heart on the upper left side of the chest wall. Further, there are different attachments of the diaphragm, with the right crus of the diaphragm being stronger, broader and longer than the left diaphragm.
In the brain, there are different structures that are more neurologically active in the right vs left hemispheres. For example, Broca's and Wernicke's area are found in the left hemisphere for language production, but not in the right hemisphere. This has a great impact on asymmetry for communication and interpretation of language. (1)
With this said, the purpose of varying movements isn't necessarily to "eliminate" any asymmetries as a cause of this and be as perfectly symmetrical as possible, because this would need for you to move your heart, liver, re-arrange your physical brain, along with removing other key body parts, but rather understand and acknowledge the body's asymmetry with respect to performance on a daily or competitive level.
From a clinical perspective, I find myself utilizing the 90/90 Hip Lift from a foundational perspective, as it is often the first position that is introduced from a motor control position:
- It's easier to learn finer detailed movements, and adapt them from this position
- You can change multiple positions of limbs, such as legs in adduction/internal rotation or the opposite leg in abduction/external rotation, while still being in the base 90/90 Hip Lift position
- It's perhaps easier to feel and sense muscles activating
- It allows you to focus on breathing as well
Often I may progress from this 90/90 Hip Lift position to sidelying, seated, or even progressing to standing if it is necessary to do so.
Populations that May Benefit:
- Individuals who are placed into chronic positions (due to work, constant standing, etc.)
- Anyone looking to improve upon their body's musculature, particularly the hamstrings, abdominals, and gluteals
- Populations that find themselves "neurologically stuck" in an extended posture bilaterally
- Individuals who experience further symptoms secondary (or because of) a tight lower back, anterior hip pinching during squatting, or even hip discomfort during lunging, among other things
- Individuals who display excessive hip or femoral external rotation (barring osteoor bony adaptations), and are looking to improve hip internal rotation values
Instructions for the 90/90 Hip Lift
From the PRI manual verbatim
- Lie on your back with your feet flat on a wall and your knees and hips bent at a 90- degree angle.
- Place a 4-6 inch ball between your knees.
- Inhale through your nose and exhale through your mouth, performing a pelvic tilt so that your tailbone is raised slightly off the mat.
- Keep your back flat on the mat. Do not press your feet into the wall, instead dig down with your heels. You should feel the muscles on the back of your thighs engage.
- Hold this position while you take 4-5 deep breaths, in through your nose and out through your mouth.
- Relax and repeat 4 more times.
Understanding and Executing the 90/90 Hip Lift
It is my hope that if anything, you stick to the "algorithm" if you aren't comfortable moving beyond this level. However, this is my site, and I'd like to provide you with my interpretation of how to improve your execution of the 90/90 Hip Lift.
With Table A, there are 8 pieces that essentially need to take place before moving on. If they don't take place, can you really say you've achieved authentic muscular contractions in the correct manner?
- Can you say you've achieved a posterior pelvic tilt, if indeed you haven't achieved a posterior pelvic tilt without the hamstrings and obliques?
- Can you say you've achieved compression of the anterior superior and inferior ribcage if you haven't inhibited the pectoralis major/minor, and utilized the obliques and serratus anterior attachment on the ribcage?
- Can you say you've achieved an appropriate zone of apposition if you use accessory neck musculature to help with breathing, instead of the abdominals, thoracic diaphragm, and pelvic diaphragm?
Now, with the process of troubleshooting, it is definitely okay to miss key elements, because that is the point – you haven't learned the whole movement, so you'll be acquiring one piece at a time. It may in fact take 5-10 minutes (or even days, weeks, or months!) to teach the sensation of what posterior pelvic tilt means without using any musculature that does not contribute, for example.
One key item to not overlook is the bolded red mechanical action of ribcage compression on inhalation – the reason being that you don't want your ribcage to flare and expand upon inhalation, when you just achieved your position. This effectively loses the mechanical advantage that your internal obliques have on your ribcage and pelvis, along with utilizing the diaphragm to help improve upon thoracolumbar and ribcage positioning … which is the whole point of the exercise.
At the end of the day, learning the 90/90 Hip Lift will set the stage for greater stacking as we progress towards the 90/90 Hip Shift, and 90/90 Hip Shift with Integration.
So, if you only have 12.5% of Table A, that is fine, as long as you progress towards 25% the next time you practice it, then onwards to 37.5% while also retaining the original first piece to this puzzle in the process.
Cueing and Attention
A common denominator among many of these PRI activities is the attention to detail found in the movement itself, along with the execution of these exercises from the athlete's perspective.
When you have an activity that requires attention in more than one area, such as acquiring and maintaining sensation in hamstrings (back of your legs) and adductors (medial aspect of your legs) simultaneously, it quickly becomes apparent that some level of interoception, or a lesser-known sense that helps you understand and feel what's going on inside your body, is necessary. However, as a coach, how do you prioritize which piece of the movement to coach? How do you allow for ease of understanding? Is interoception detrimental towards performance (similar to internal attentional focus)?
Something familiar for coaches to recognize and coach is a back squat. At the end of the day, it is simple. It involves a level change (standing tall to sitting down) with a fixed torso (that does not fold nor bends during the movement), and there happens to be a barbell on your back. Initially it is as easy as that, but then eventually you'll need to pay attention to:
- Hand position
- High bar vs low bar
- Foot width and position
- Intra-abdominal pressure
- Visual gaze
… among many other nuances found in a wide variety of successful squatting.
However, despite all of these individual pieces that can be fine tuned in the back squat, how can any individual successfully back squat when there can be anywhere from 5 to 8 items to pay attention to in the squat?
This answer lies in the sensory processing and motor output associated with different movements and is analogously related to how the 90/90 Hip Lift can progress and advance beyond its simplistic nature.
Understanding Sensation and Sensory Processing
"… The nervous system extracts only certain pieces of information from each stimulus while ignoring others… Thus, we receive electromagnetic waves of different frequencies, but we see them as colors… Colors, tones, smells, and tastes are mental creations constructed by the brain out of sensory experience. They do not exist as such outside of the brain."(Kandel et al.) (3)
Writing a whole bit on perception in less than a paragraph would be a disservice since there are literally books upon books on the topic, so I'll save that document for another 3000+


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How to effectively remove exhaust gas from fire engines with special exhaust pipes? While needing a flexible solution that disconnects the system from the fire truck at call-out? This question Geovent receive from a customer.
The British Air Force uses American fire engines at their airports and these require a special solution to remove exhaust gas when the fire engines are started on call-out. This avoids the firefighters being exposed to the polluting exhaust gas.
Both the design of the nozzle and the position of the exhaust pipe were a challenge, but also that the nozzle has to be flexible during the call-out. At the same time, the customer wanted the solution to be operable from the ground, despite the size of the fire engines.
In a close cooperation with the customer, Geovent developed an arm on which the special suction head is mounted. The length of the arm allows the solution to be operated from the ground. An electromagnet is placed on the arm and is connected to the fire truck. When the fire truck leaves the fire station, the power to the magnet is switched off and the system is disconnected. This makes the solution both efficient and flexible, and solves the customer's challenges to full satisfaction.


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New technologies typically go through significant improvements during their
early diffusion. Literature suggests that these modifications follow from learning-by-using.
However, the micro-level processes by which learning-by-using is actually achieved
remain understudied. The present paper examines these processes through an in-depth
case study of the design and use of a new health-care device. It identifies
several learning processes and preconditions for learning that constituted learning-by-using.
The results question the dominant image of learning-by-using as a harmonious
flow of user feedback.
Back | TIS Home


the given substring.
CopyTo
Copies a substring from within the string instance to a specified location within an array of characters.
EndsWith
Returns a Boolean value indicating whether the string ends with a given substring.
Equals
Indicates whether the string is equal to another string. You can use the '==' operator as well.
IndexOf
Returns the index of a substring within the string instance.
IndexOfAny
Returns the first index occurrence of any character in the substring within the string instance.
PadLeft
Pads the string with the specified number of spaces or another Unicode character, effectively right-justifying the string.
PadRight
Appends a specified number of spaces or other Unicode character to the end of the string, creating a left-justification.
Remove
Deletes a given number of characters from the string.
Replace
Replaces all occurrences of a given character or string within the string instance with the specified replacement.
Split
Splits the current string into an array of strings, using the specified character as the splitting point.
StartsWith
Returns a Boolean value indicating whether the string instance starts with the specified string.
SubString
Returns a specified portion of the string, given a starting point and length.
ToCharArray
Converts the string into an array of characters.
ToLower
Converts the string into all lowercase characters.
ToUpper
Converts the string into all uppercase characters.
Trim
Removes all occurrences of a given set of characters from the beginning and end of the string.
TrimStart
Performs the TRim function, but only on the beginning of the string.
TrimEnd
Performs the TRim function, but only on the end of the string.
Take a look at the following code, which illustrates some of the things you can do with strings to further query and manipulate them:
string sourceString = "Mary Had a Little Lamb"; string sourceString2 = " Mary Had a Little Lamb "; Console.WriteLine(sourceString.ToLower()); Console.WriteLine(string.Format("The string '{0}' is {1} chars long", sourceString,sourceString.Length)); Console.WriteLine(string.Format("Fourth word in sentence is : {0}", sourceString.Split(' ')[3])); Console.WriteLine(sourceString2.Trim()); Console.WriteLine("Two strings equal? " + (sourceString == sourceString2.Trim()));
The output of the preceding code looks as follows:
mary had a little lamb The string 'Mary Had a Little Lamb' is 22 chars long. Fourth word in sentence is : Little Mary Had a Little Lamb Two strings equal? True
Introduction to the StringBuilder
As mentioned earlier, strings are immutable. This means that when you concatenate two strings to form a third string, there will be a short period of time where the CLR will actually have all three strings in memory. So, for example, when you concatenate as shown in the following code:
string a = "Hello"; string b = "World"; string c = a + " " + c;
You actually end up with four strings in memory, including the space. To alleviate this performance issue with string concatenation as well as to provide you with a tool to make concatenation easier, the .NET Framework comes with a class called the StringBuilder.
By using a StringBuilder to dynamically create strings of variable length, you get around the immutable string fact of CLR strings and the code can often become more readable as a result. Take a look at the StringBuilder in action in the following code:
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.Append("Greetings!\n"); formatString = "{0:$#,###0.00;($#,###0.00);Zero}"; dVal = 129.99; sb.AppendFormat(formatString, dVal); sb.Append("\nThis is a big concatenated string."); Console.WriteLine(sb.ToString());
The output of the preceding code looks like the following:
Greetings! $129.99 This is a big concatenated string.
Note that the \n from the preceding code inserts a newline character into the string.
Microsoft Visual C# 2005 Unleashed
Microsoft Visual C# 2005 Unleashed
ISBN: _PHONE_
EAN: _PHONE_
Year: 2004
Pages: 298
flylib.com © 2008-2017.
If you may any questions please contact us: _EMAIL_


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Following on from our External Loading post, I'd like to introduce the concept of Internal Loading. Internal Loading describes a far more subjective means of monitoring your workload and the affects it is having on you and literally takes seconds to do. But don't let the small time footprint fool you, it can be a very powerful way of monitoring your performance and informing you as to when it is a good time to push a little harder, or to back off and recover.
Load management is a term used in sport when we are trying to quantify and adapt an athletes physical stress, usually in the form of matches, training or gym sessions, to achieve optimal adaptation and reduce the risk of injury and/or illness. As a concept it is not applied to performers, as they tend to measure their tiredness in a much more subjective manner, along the lines of how they feel. There is certainly some merit in both, but what is a nice middle ground that takes advantage of both the subjective (internal loading) and objective (external loading) ways to monitor load or fatigue, is to combine them.
Why would you bother monitoring Internal load?
Some kind of IL monitoring is done without thinking about it, those days where you feel great and go for it and sometimes, when we're not feeling great, we back off and maybe avoid going to the gym or training for a couple of days.This system is aimed at quantifying that and giving you a tool to measure how much work you're doing and therefore how much physical stress you're being put under. This kind of load monitoring is sensitive to poor sleep, high stress times, suboptimal fuelling and hydration as well as potential incoming illness.Given it takes so little time to apply, it can be a no brainer to add.
How can you measure your Internal Load?
Seeing as this is primarily a subjective measure, we are going to utilise the Rate of Perceived Exertion method which has been slightly bastardised from its original format. This will involve a measure 1 to 10 where you subjectively score how hard your session was, we use defined levels of exertion as seen in figure 1. Then you simply take that number, and multiply it by the length of your session eg RPE 8 x 60 minutes = 480. This 480 doesn't mean anything to anyone but you and the unit used is an Arbitrary Unit or AU. If you do this foreach session of any kind, then you can get a weekly score. The weekly score is the important measure, shown in figure 2.
I'd argue that this is even more simple measure and monitor, when compared to external loading. It's strength lies in that it can give your entire working/training week some type of quantification, with different types of physical exertion/stress being covered. This can give a nice overview of how you are dealing with the physical stress you undertake, as spikes in RPE or session durations will lead to jumps in AU scores and potentially your weeks score. This may put into context why you feel particular tired at a given time, and can adapt your training accordingly to prioritise recovery until you feel ready to go again.
Thanks for reading


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Wonderful World of Welles: Harry Lime Lives!
The Third Man
A titan of the airwaves, Orson Welles would reprise one of his most famous screen roles, Harry Lime of The Third Man, on radio. His grinning villain was the star of The Adventures of Harry Lime, a show produced in London and broadcast by the BBC from 1951 to 1952. The series was effectively an extended prequel to The Third Man, and in the United States, it was called The Lives of Harry Lime—a title that perfectly captures the chameleonic personality of the character.
Welles's unofficial debut in the world of radio broadcasting took place many years earlier, of course, while he was attending the Todd School for Boys in Woodstock, Illinois. At the well-endowed institution's radio station, he performed a Sherlock Holmes play that he had written. Welles's first professional gig, however, was with NBC's Cavalcade of America in 1935, a show that ran dramatizations of historical American events. He went on to work at other stations, including CBS, where he first met Joseph Cotten, who later became his lifelong friend and colleague. Welles's prodigious career in radio, which had triumphs as well as disastrous oddities, lasted well into the 1950s.
In The Lives of Harry Lime, the eponymous hero adopts different guises from episode to episode, sometimes a tourist, sometimes a reporter, but always a full-blown scoundrel. But since the tone of the show is more light-hearted than the movie, the Harry Lime of radio emerges less as a criminal mastermind than a bumbling small-time crook who finds himself in strangely comical straits. Every episode begins in true noir style with the sound of a gunshot followed by the 1949 film's famous zither theme and Harry's voice from beyond the grave, introducing the tales of his larger-than-life adventures:
That was the shot that killed Harry Lime. He died in a sewer beneath Vienna, as those of you know who saw the movie The Third Man. Yes, that was the end of Harry Lime, but it was not the beginning. Harry Lime had many lives, and I can recount all of them. How do I know? Very simple: because my name is Harry Lime.
The Third Man
The 29th episode of the series, "The Buzzo Gospel," also known as "The Dead Candidate," depicts one of Harry Lime's many failed schemes. Harry boards a ship to Mylenia, a South American island in the iron grip of a dictatorship, with the plan of infusing the fictional country with Buzzo, a soon-to-be popular American soft drink. Onboard he meets Susie, a fellow American, who mistakes him for a diplomat from the States coming to evaluate Mylenia's sham democracy. Susie happens to be the fiancée of Joaquimo, who happens to be a consul general in Washington for the Mylenian Republic and a political aide to Admiral Khuchybamba, the island's dictator.
Rattled by the news of the scrutiny, Admiral Khuchybamba tries to make a good, democratic impression on Harry, the supposed diplomat from the Land of the Free. The dictator has his mistress by his side, Lolita, who talks like Carmen Miranda. In a moment of panic, Joaquimo comes up with an ingenious idea involving party workers collecting names from graveyards in order to ensure a majority win. The master plan would end with an even more spectacular result.
"If you can improve your chances in political campaigns by using dead voters, why not make absolutely sure?" says Joaquimo to the utterly confused Admiral, who is completely distracted by Lolita crooning "Sweetmeat" and "Sugarplum" into his ears. "Fine. But how do you do it?" inquires the Admiral. "Isn't it obvious? A dead candidate!"
The Third Man
This is where Harry Lime comes in. Welles's character here is more like Joseph Cotten's Holly Martins, who stumbles upon a strange land, his goal skewed by a larger political plan that exists beyond his knowledge. Instead of evaluating civil rights in Mylenia, Harry's busy getting himself a date with Susie, where he discovers something else about himself.
Susie: Come closer.
Harry: Closer? Not bad.
Susie: No. Keep your head up. I want to get a look at you.
Driver: Ah, Señorita, you have noticed it as well.
Harry: [clears throat] Uh, driver, you're a very nice driver, I'm sure, but I wish you'd go away.
Driver: No, Señor, no. You will be needing me to drive you to the hospital.
Susie: It's true. You're coming out in spots. Isn't he, driver?
Driver: Yes, and just wait till you see him tomorrow morning.
Harry: Spots? What kind of spots?
Driver: Mylenian measles, Señor. That'll be three weeks at least, Señor—in quarantine!
Poor Harry nevertheless manages to get out of quarantine and confesses to Joaquimo his real identity. This only adds to his long list of bad decisions, for now he is accused of being an American spy and is immediately shipped off to jail. And Campo, the dead candidate, turns out to be not so dead after all. In fact, he's been working in Mylenia as a sales agent for Freezo, a company Joaquimo dismissively refers to as "another one of those soft drinks."
The Third Man
The Mylenian dictator's plan indeed ends in shambles but "The Buzzo Gospel" succeeds in its critique of American policies regarding international relations in 1950s. Reminiscent of Citizen Kane, the episode even takes a dig at the media's manipulative power by having Joaquimo scream over the telephone that he could "improve that headline" which ostensibly warns citizens about the poll fraud that he himself conceived. The episode's dip into ridiculous imperialism ends with Harry's quip: "Yes, democracy has come to Mylenia—by courtesy of Freezo."
Welles's radio rendition of Harry Lime is natural and relaxed, possibly because he was no longer being asked to crawl into a sewer (or wrestle with the fact that the producer of The Third Man never wanted him to play the character in the first place). In fact, Welles was so pleased with this particular episode that he developed the content into a film script, which never went into production. (It was, however, adapted into a French novel, Une grosse légume aka The Big Shot.) The radio show's peculiar humor, mixing human idiosyncrasy with jokes about political ideologies, somewhat suggests the work of The Goon Show, starring Peter Sellers, which was also broadcast by BBC in the mid-Fifties. It is unclear whether the Goons were inspired by The Adventures of Harry Lime, but they did do an episode spoofing international politics titled "Foiled by President Fred" which not only makes references to Harry Lime but features snatches of that inescapable zither music.
The Third Man is screening in a major restoration at Film Forum through July 9.


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Syriana provides a platform for any project that shares its mission of improving the lives of Syrians wherever they existed
After decades of underdevelopment, the inhabitants of Swaida in southern Syria face existential threats. The brutal Syrian war, the sanctions, and COVID-19 have impoverished families, disrupted, and increased disparities in health services, and devastated the fragile, remittance-based economy. Responding to these needs, we employ a three-pronged strategy in Swaida with a goal of expanding it across Syria:
1. Sustainable aid projects for families of victims of war. At a cost of $250-$1000 each, our pilot water-efficient, hydroponic and animal farming projects, provide feasible and reliable sources for basic long-term household needs with a 12-months payback period.
2. Health services development program: most imminently in combating COVID-19. We will staff and equip five mobile healthcare units, partnering with local health care providers and organizations, covering underserved rural areas with in-home treatment capabilities including home-oxygen, oximeters, and medications.
3. Socioeconomic development program: this program focuses of empowering the different sectors of societies including:
A) the agricultural workforce in depopulated and shrinking villages with a lease-to-own program of high-production ecological and hydroponic agricultural models.
B) unemployed university and technical school graduates via Train-to-Employ programs providing 6-month IT training for 100, followed by 1-year guaranteed employment by startups linked with US-based IT firms.


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The Search for Steve Fossett: A Study on the Physical Response of Adventure Athletes
Alissa Aboud, Erin Pearce, Mark Tarnopolsky, Simon Donato
Goals of the Study
To understand how the body reacts to extreme conditions of exercise in highly trained athletes. Our main objective was to track the amount of calories burned (energy) while our group of 4 male adventure athletes searched for Steve Fossett's plane in the Sierra Nevada Mountains. These conditions were hot, dry, at a high altitude, and involved physically demanding activity for as much as 9-hours a day over the course of 6 days. We also wanted to see how body composition changed over this strenuous time (body fat).
Methods of the Study:
Body Measurements – height and weight was determined at the beginning of the study
DEXA Scanning – using a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry machine, we did whole body scanning on the athletes before and after the search. This machine gave us their body fat and muscle percentages as well as their bone density (Figures 1, 2, and 3).
V02 Max Testing – we wanted to see what the maximum ability for the athlete's body was to use oxygen during a graded (increasingly difficult) exercise test. V02 testing is a good indicator of fitness levels in athletes. To do this we measured how they were breathing while doing a bike ride. This bike ride kept getting harder and harder until they couldn't ride anymore. The higher the V02
Max, the more conditioned the athlete is. We also measured their heart rates all the time.
Heart Rate Monitoring – using sophisticated Suunto heart rate monitors, the athletes were tracked every minute of their expedition. This allowed us to calculate the amount of calories they burned during exercise (see calculations).
We know that the amount of oxygen (LO2) we consume along with the calories (kcal) that we burn are connected, we can determine how many calories they were burning per hour with this calculation:
4.85 kcal / LO2 = 5.23 kcal/min x 60
By doing all these tests we determined that the athletes looking for Steve Fossett burned an average of 582 calories an hour while searching. In eight hours of the search alone they would have burned on average 4656 calories. Also, the fact that the athletes even while burning almost
5000 calories a day didn't loose any fat can be attributed to proper nutrition. It is very important to make sure the same amount of calories are coming in by eating properly during extreme sports. Improper nutrition can lead to a variety of physical problems including fatigue, cramping, fainting, shock and even death. In summary, it is fair to say that the athletes replaced the energy they burned during the day through eating and drinking regularly. This study is useful because it will be used for future Adventure Science projects to help predict how much energy the athletes will be using and plan for the nutrition accordingly.


text:
Improved Load Distribution – Accommodating for Tight Fits
FiberWALES are fiber reinforced structural sections with higher stiffness than plastic lumber. This distributes impact loads to more pilings in a fender system. The product was developed for fender geometries that require the wales be formed to a tight radius. This can be important in narrower channels or areas where many structures are in close proximity.
FiberWALE can be designed with different dimensions and thicknesses to cost-effectively meet performance requirements. Shapes can be box sections or hat sections. Bolted splices are used to join wale sections.


Available Water-soluble polymers are characterized as effective flocculating agents due to their molecular features. Their application to soils with horizons with structural problems, e.g, a cohesive character, contributes to improvements in the physical quality and thus to the agricultural suitability of such soils. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the structural quality of soils with cohesive horizons of coastal tablelands in the State of Pernambuco treated with polyacrylamide (PAM as chemical soil conditioner. To this end, three horizons (one cohesive and two non-cohesive of a Yellow Argisol (Ultisol were evaluated and to compare cohesive horizons, the horizon of a Yellow Latosol (Oxisol was selected. The treatments consisted of aqueous PAM solutions (12.5; 50.0; 100.0 mg kg-1 and distilled water (control. The structural aspects of the horizons were evaluated by the stability (soil mass retained in five diameter classes, aggregate distribution per size class (mean weight diameter- MWD, geometric mean diameter - GMD and the magnitude of the changes introduced by PAM by measuring the sensitivity index (Si. Aqueous PAM solutions increased aggregate stability in the largest evaluated diameter class of the cohesive and non-cohesive horizons, resulting in higher MWD and GMD, with highest efficiency of the 100 mg kg-1 solution. The cohesive horizon Bt1 in the Ultisol was most sensitive to the action of PAM, where highest Si values were found, but the structural quality of the BA horizon of the Oxisol was better in terms of stability and aggregate size distribution.
 1. Smoke-free coalition cohesiveness in rural tobacco-growing communities.
 Science.gov (United States)
 Butler, Karen M; Begley, Kathy; Riker, Carol; Gokun, Yevgeniya; Anderson, Debra; Adkins, Sarah; Record, Rachael; Hahn, Ellen J
 2014-06-01
 Promoting tobacco control policies in rural tobacco-growing communities presents unique challenges. The purpose of this study was to assess smoke-free coalition cohesiveness in rural communities and identify coalition members' perceived barriers or divisive issues that impede the development of smoke-free policies. A secondary aim was to evaluate differences in coalition cohesiveness between advocates in communities receiving stage-based, tailored policy advocacy assistance versus those without assistance. Tobacco control advocates from 40 rural Kentucky communities were interviewed by telephone during the final wave of a 5-year longitudinal study of community readiness for smoke-free policy. On average, five health advocates per county participated in the 45-min interview. Participants rated coalition cohesiveness as not at all cohesive, somewhat cohesive, or very cohesive, and answered one open-ended question about potentially divisive issues within their coalitions. The mean age of the 186 participants was 48.1 years (SD = 13.3). The sample was predominantly female (83.6%) and Caucasian (99.5%). Divisive concerns ranged from rights issues, member characteristics, type of law, and whether or not to allow certain exemptions. Three of the divisive concerns were significantly associated with their rankings of coalition cohesiveness: raising tobacco in the community, the belief that smoke-free would adversely affect the economy, and government control. Educating coalition members on the economics of smoke-free laws and the actual economic impact on tobacco-growing may promote smoke-free coalition cohesiveness. More resources are needed to support policy advocacy in rural tobacco-growing communities as well as efforts to reduce the divisive concerns reported in this study. PMID:24338076
 2. Peacekeeping and U.N. operational control: a study of their effect on unit cohesion
 OpenAIRE
 Cunningham, Ernest G.
 1995-01-01
 Unit cohesion, the human element in combat, is critical to a unit's ability to survive and conduct successful warfare. Several factors can degrade unit cohesion and subsequently, combat effectiveness. This study concentrates on two such factors, U.S./U.N. operational control and operations other than war (OOTW). A survey was conducted on 300 U.S. Marine Corps soldiers. The results revealed that non-traditional missions were acceptable to a majority of the soldiers if these missions were condu...
 3. MODELING OF THE HIGH CONCENTRATION LAYER OF COHESIVE SEDIMENT UNDER THE ACTION OF WAVES AND CURRENTS
 Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
 Qinghe ZHANG; Yongsheng WU; Jijian LIAN; Pingxing DING
 2001-01-01
 High concentration layer of cohesive sediment frequently occurs in muddy estuaries and coastal zones, and causes rapid siltation of the waterways. A one dimensional vertical coupled model describing the interactions between waves, currents and suspended cohesive sediment is developed in the present paper. The numerical results and analyses with field measurements reveal the mechanism of the formation and transport behaviors of the layer under the action of waves and currents.
 4. On the Role of Social Identity and Cohesion in Characterizing Online Social Communities
 OpenAIRE
 Purohit, Hemant; Ruan, Yiye; Fuhry, David; Parthasarathy, Srinivasan; Sheth, Amit
 2012-01-01
 Two prevailing theories for explaining social group or community structure are cohesion and identity. The social cohesion approach posits that social groups arise out of an aggregation of individuals that have mutual interpersonal attraction as they share common characteristics. These characteristics can range from common interests to kinship ties and from social values to ethnic backgrounds. In contrast, the social identity approach posits that an individual is likely to join a group based o...
 5. Improving Participation Rates for Women of Color in Health Research: The Role of Group Cohesion
 OpenAIRE
 Smith-Ray, Renae L.; Mama, Scherezade; Reese-Smith, Jacqueline Y; Estabrooks, Paul A.; Lee, Rebecca E
 2012-01-01
 Adherence to physical activity and dietary interventions is a common challenge. Interventions that use group cohesion strategies show promise for increasing adherence, but have not been tested among women of color. The purpose of this study was to determine whether dimensions of group cohesion mediate the association between intervention condition and attendance within a community physical activity program for women of color. African American and Hispanic or Latina women (N=310) completed mea...
 6. Trajectories of Early Binge Drinking: A Function of Family Cohesion and Peer Use.
 Science.gov (United States)
 Soloski, Kristy L; Kale Monk, J; Durtschi, Jared A
 2016-01-01
 Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, we tested latent growth models examining whether the number of friends using alcohol and family cohesion were linked with trajectories of binge drinking (N = 3,342) from adolescence (average age 15.06) into young adulthood (average age 27.93). Adolescents with higher family cohesion had lower rates of binge drinking in adolescence (b = -.07, p Group Interventions as a potential approach. PMID:25585579
 7. The Impact of Group Cohesiveness on Organizational Performance: The Nigerian Case
 OpenAIRE
 Adeleke Oladapo Banwo; Jianguo Du; Uchechi Onokala
 2015-01-01
 Several scholarly studies have associated strong group performance with a high level of group cohesion among the members. In this study, we investigated the impact of group cohesion on organizational performance using Carron, Widmeyer, and Brawley group environment questionnaire and Beauchamp, Bray and Carron (2002) role perception and acceptance scale administered to 180 employees in four branches of a commercial bank in Nigeria. The questionnaire was divided into three sections: demographic...
 8. The Role of Neighbours Selection on Cohesion and Order of Swarms
 OpenAIRE
 Angelo M Calvão; Edgardo Brigatti
 2014-01-01
 We introduce a multi-agent model for exploring how selection of neighbours determines some aspects of order and cohesion in swarms. The model algorithm states that every agents' motion seeks for an optimal distance from the nearest topological neighbour encompassed in a limited attention field. Despite the great simplicity of the implementation, varying the amplitude of the attention landscape, swarms pass from cohesive and regular structures towards fragmented and irregular configurations. I...
 9. Improving Decision Speed, Accuracy and Group Cohesion through Early Information Gathering in House-Hunting Ants
 OpenAIRE
 Nathalie Stroeymeyt; Martin Giurfa; Franks, Nigel R.
 2010-01-01
 BACKGROUND: Successful collective decision-making depends on groups of animals being able to make accurate choices while maintaining group cohesion. However, increasing accuracy and/or cohesion usually decreases decision speed and vice-versa. Such trade-offs are widespread in animal decision-making and result in various decision-making strategies that emphasize either speed or accuracy, depending on the context. Speed-accuracy trade-offs have been the object of many theoretical investigations...
 10. Unit cohesion and the military's "Don't ask, Don't Tell" policy
 OpenAIRE
 Rea, Theresa M.
 1997-01-01
 The Department of Defense policy of excluding known homosexuals from military service is partially based on the assumption that homosexual service members pose a threat to the cohesion of a military unit. The assumption is drawn largely from anecdotal evidence suggesting that junior service members would be uncomfortable in an environment that accepted homosexuals. This thesis examines the attitudes and opinions of junior officers to determine various aspects of unit cohesion that may be affe...
 11. Why Do MEPs Defect? An Analysis


text:
Message Passing and its features
Message passing is the paradigm of communication where messages are sent from a sender to one or more recipients. Forms of messages include (remote) method invocation, signals, and data packets. When designing a message passing system several choices are made:
- Whether messages are transferred reliably
- Whether messages are guaranteed to be delivered in order
- Whether messages are passed one-to-one, one-to-many (multi-casting or broadcasting), or many-to-one (client–server)
- Whether communication is synchronous or asynchronous.
Prominent theoretical foundations of concurrent computation, such as the Actor model and the process calculi are based on message passing. Implementations of concurrent systems that use message passing can either have message passing as an integral part of the language, or as a series of library calls from the language. Examples of the former include many distributed object systems. Examples of the latter include Micro kernel operating systems pass messages between one kernel and one or more server blocks, and the Message Passing Interface used in high-performance computing.
Message passing systems and models
Distributed object and remote method invocation systems like ONC RPC, Corba, Java RMI, DCOM, SOAP, .NET Remoting, CTOS, QNX Neutrino RTOS, OpenBinder, D-Bus and similar are message passing systems.
Message passing systems have been called "shared nothing" systems because the message passing abstraction hides underlying state changes that may be used in the implementation of sending messages.
Message passing model based programming languages typically define messaging as the (usually asynchronous) sending (usually by copy) of a data item to a communication endpoint (Actor, process, thread, socket, etc.).
Such messaging is used in Web Services by SOAP. This concept is the higher-level version of a data-gram except that messages can be larger than a packet and can optionally be made reliable, durable, secure, and/or transacted.
Messages are also commonly used in the same sense as a means of inter-process communication; the other common technique being streams or pipes, in which data are sent as a sequence of elementary data items instead (the higher-level version of a virtual circuit).
Synchronous versus Asynchronous message passing
Synchronous message passing systems require the sender and receiver to wait for each other to transfer the message. That is, the sender will not continue until the receiver has received the message.
Synchronous communication has two advantages. The first advantage is that reasoning about the program can be simplified in that there is a synchronization point between sender and receiver on message transfer. The second advantage is that no buffering is required. The message can always be stored on the receiving side, because the sender will not continue until the receiver is ready.
Asynchronous message passing systems deliver a message from sender to receiver, without waiting for the receiver to be ready. The advantage of asynchronous communication is that the sender and receiver can overlap their computation because they do not wait for each other
Synchronous communication can be built on top of asynchronous communication by ensuring that the sender always wait for an acknowledgement message from the receiver before continuing.
The buffer required in asynchronous communication can cause problems when it is full. A decision has to be made whether to block the sender or whether to discard future messages. If the sender is blocked, it may lead to an unexpected deadlock. If messages are dropped, then communication is no longer reliable.


Transparency tools for all governements
While the world has 195 countries and governments – it doesn't need 195 different versions of technology to hold those countries' governments to account.
People Impacted
$ 122B
Potential Funding
I have this challenge
the problem
Nature and Context
By building a a global network who will together we can make and share the key components required for 21st century accountability. These digital democratic building blocks can be designed to be easy-to-use, open-source and importantly are interoperable, so they can adapt to individual political systems. Right now what we see is colossal amounts of time and money wasted as people in different countries create the same thing time and time again, in a field that isn't really rich enough to afford much waste. Sharing this tech can help save time and country for all countries and economies.
Ideas Description
SayIt is a free open source tool through which you can publish transcripts of Parliamentary and other national and local political meetings, and the Poplus suite also features prefab software on mapping jurisdictional boundaries, posting transcripts and statements, and contacting public officials.
Input Needed From Contributing Editors
(click on any tag to contribute)


text:
Boost Your Productivity with AI Note Taking in Zoom Meetings
Sep 8, 2023
As the world adapts to remote work, virtual meetings have become essential for collaboration and decision-making. However, these meetings pose unique challenges, such as distractions and multitasking, making it difficult to retain all information discussed. To address these challenges, Circleback offers an AI note-taking solution that automates the process of capturing meeting notes and action items, ultimately improving productivity and efficiency in virtual meetings.
The Importance of Effective Note Taking in Zoom Meetings
Effective note-taking during Zoom meetings plays a crucial role in enhancing focus and active listening. By taking comprehensive notes, participants can stay engaged in the conversation and contribute more effectively. Additionally, having accurate documentation serves as a reference for future meetings and helps avoid miscommunications, further streamlining the decision-making process.
Beyond improving individual focus, well-organized notes facilitate better collaboration and decision-making among team members. With quick access to relevant information, participants can easily recall key points from previous discussions. Tracking progress on action items becomes more manageable, ensuring that tasks are completed efficiently and on time. Overall, effective note-taking in Zoom meetings is essential for optimizing productivity and collaboration in remote work environments.
Circleback's AI Note Taking Solution
Circleback offers a powerful AI note-taking solution that automates the process of recording and transcribing Zoom meetings. Its advanced features include automatic identification and summarization of key points and action items, streamlining the note-taking experience. This cutting-edge technology integrates seamlessly with Zoom and other productivity tools, ensuring a cohesive and efficient workflow.
By leveraging Circleback's AI note-taking capabilities, users can save time and effort spent on manual note-taking, freeing up more mental bandwidth to focus on the meeting content. This improved focus leads to a better understanding of the discussion and ultimately enhances productivity. Circleback's AI-driven meeting notes and action items are valuable assets for individuals and teams striving to optimize their virtual meeting experiences.
Testimonials from Satisfied Customers
Circleback's AI note-taking solution has received numerous positive testimonials from satisfied customers across various industries. These success stories highlight how Circleback has improved productivity by streamlining the note-taking process and facilitating better communication among team members.
Customers have shared personal experiences with the convenience and effectiveness of Circleback's AI note-taking. Many users have reported a significant reduction in the time and effort spent on manual note-taking, allowing them to focus more on the meeting content and actively participate in discussions. With Circleback's AI-driven meeting notes and action items, users can enjoy a more efficient and productive virtual meeting experience.
Circleback's AI Note Taking in Upcoming Meetings
To make the most of Circleback's AI-driven meeting notes and action items, users can implement several strategies in their upcoming meetings. Reviewing meeting summaries regularly helps track progress, identify areas for improvement, and ensure that action items are being addressed. Sharing notes with team members fosters collaboration and keeps everyone informed and engaged.
Circleback's AI note-taking solution is versatile and can be used for various meeting purposes, including brainstorming sessions, project updates and status reports, as well as training and workshops. By leveraging Circleback's advanced technology, individuals and teams can enhance their productivity and collaboration in a wide range of virtual meeting scenarios.
AI note-taking in Zoom meetings offers numerous benefits, such as improved focus and active listening, accurate documentation, and better collaboration and decision-making. Circleback's AI-driven meeting notes and action items provide a powerful solution for enhancing productivity and efficiency in virtual meetings across various industries and meeting purposes.
Experience the benefits of Circleback's AI note-taking solution first-hand by incorporating it into your virtual meetings. Discover how Circleback can elevate your productivity and collaboration in the remote work environment. Try Circleback's AI note-taking solution today and witness the transformation in your virtual meetings.
Never take meeting notes again
Circleback provides AI-generated meeting notes and action items you can trust. Get started for free today.


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ContentElement.LostStylusCapture Event
Occurs when this element loses stylus capture.
Namespace: System.Windows
Assembly: PresentationCore (in PresentationCore.dll)
public event StylusEventHandler LostStylusCapture
Identifier field
Routing strategy
 - There is no defined corresponding tunneling event.
 - Override OnLostStylusCapture to implement class handling for this event in derived classes.
When an element captures the stylus, it receives stylus input even if the pointer is outside its bounds. The stylus is typically captured only during drag-and-drop operations.
Because this event uses bubbling routing, the element that loses focus might be a child element instead of the element where the event handler is actually attached. Check the Source in the event data to determine the actual element that lost focus.
This event creates an alias for the Stylus.LostStylusCapture attached event for this class, so that LostStylusCapture is part of the class members list when ContentElement is inherited as a base element. Event handlers that are attached to the LostStylusCapture event are attached to the underlying Stylus.LostStylusCapture attached event and receive the same event data instance.
.NET Framework
Supported in: 3.5, 3.0
Community Additions
© 2014 Microsoft


traffic or page.driver.reset
Manipulating cookies
The following methods are used to inspect and manipulate cookies:
 - page.driver.cookies - a hash of cookies accessible to the current page. The keys are cookie names. The values are Cookie objects, with the following methods: name, value, domain, path, secure?, httponly?, samesite, expires.
 - page.driver.set_cookie(name, value, options = {}) - set a cookie. The options hash can take the following keys: :domain, :path, :secure, :httponly, :samesite, :expires. :expires should be a Time object.
 - page.driver.remove_cookie(name) - remove a cookie
 - page.driver.clear_cookies - clear all cookies
Sending keys
There's an ability to send arbitrary keys to the element:
element = find('input#id')
element.send_keys('String')
or even more complicated:
element.send_keys('H', 'elo', :left, 'l') # => 'Hello'
element.send_keys(:enter) # triggers Enter key
Since it's implemented natively in PhantomJS this will exactly imitate user behavior. See more about sendEvent and PhantomJS keys
Customization
You can customize the way that Capybara sets up Poltergeist via the following code in your test setup:
Capybara.register_driver :poltergeist do |app|
 Capybara::Poltergeist::Driver.new(app, options)
end
options is a hash of options. The following options are supported:
 - :phantomjs (String) - A custom path to the phantomjs executable
 - :debug (Boolean) - When true, debug output is logged to STDERR. Some debug info from the PhantomJS portion of Poltergeist is also output, but this goes to STDOUT due to technical limitations.
 - :logger (Object responding to puts) - When present, debug output is written to this object
 - :phantomjs_logger (IO object) - Where the STDOUT from PhantomJS is written to. This is where your console.log statements will show up. Default: STDOUT
 - :timeout (Numeric) - The number of seconds we'll wait for a response when communicating with PhantomJS. Default is 30.
 - :inspector (Boolean, String) - See 'Remote Debugging', above.
 - :js_errors (Boolean) - When false, JavaScript errors do not get re-raised in Ruby.
 - :window_size (Array) - The dimensions of the browser window in which to test, expressed as a 2-element array, e.g. [1024, 768]. Default: [1024, 768]
 - :screen_size (Array) - The dimensions the window size will be set to when Window#maximize is called. Expressed as a 2-element array, e.g. [1600, 1200]. Default: [1366, 768]
 - :phantomjs_options (Array) - Additional command line options to be passed to PhantomJS, e.g. ['--load-images=no', '--ignore-ssl-errors=yes']
 - :extensions (Array) - An array of JS files to be preloaded into the phantomjs browser. Useful for faking unsupported APIs.
 - :port (Fixnum) - The port which should be used to communicate with the PhantomJS process. Defaults to a random open port.
 - :host (String) - The name or IP of the PhantomJS host. Default is '127.0.0.1'.
 - :url_blacklist (Array) - Default session url blacklist - expressed as an array of strings to match against requested URLs.
 - :url_whitelist (Array) - Default session url whitelist - expressed as an array of strings to match against requested URLs.
 - :page_settings (Hash) - PhantomJS web page settings (_URL_
URL Blacklisting & Whitelisting
Poltergeist supports URL blacklisting, which allows you to prevent scripts from running on designated domains:
page.driver.browser.url_blacklist = ['_URL_']
and also URL whitelisting, which allows scripts to only run on designated domains:
page.driver.browser.url_whitelist = ['_URL_']
If you are experiencing slower run times, consider creating a URL whitelist of domains that are essential or a blacklist of domains that are not essential, such as ad networks or analytics, to your testing environment.
Troubleshooting
Unfortunately, the nature of full-stack testing is that things can and do go wrong from time to time. This section aims to highlight a number of common problems and provide ideas about how you can work around them.
DeadClient errors
Sometimes PhantomJS crashes during a test. There are basically two kinds of crashes: those that can be reproduced every time, and those that occur sporadically and are not easily reproduced.
If your crash happens every time, you should read the PhantomJS crash reporting guide and file a bug against PhantomJS. Feel free to also file a bug against Poltergeist in case there are workarounds that can be implemented within Poltergeist. Also, if lots of Poltergeist users are experiencing the same crash then fixing it will move up the priority list.
If your crash is sporadic, there is less that can be done. Often these issues are very complicated and difficult to track down. It may be that the crash has already been fixed in a newer version of WebKit that will eventually find its way into PhantomJS. It's still worth reporting your bug against PhantomJS, but it's probably not worth filing a bug against Poltergeist as there's not much we can do.
If you experience sporadic crashes a lot, it may be worth configuring your CI to automatically re-run failing tests before reporting a failed build.
MouseEventFailed errors
When Poltergeist clicks on an element, rather than generating a DOM click event, it actually generates a "proper" click. This is much closer to what happens when a real user clicks on the page - but it means that Poltergeist must scroll the page to where the element is, and work out the correct co-ordinates to click. If the element is covered up by another element, the click will fail (this is a good thing - because your user won't be able to click a covered up element either).
Sometimes there can be issues with this behavior. If you have problems, it's worth taking screenshots of the page and trying to work out what's going on. If your click is failing, but you're not getting a MouseEventFailed error, then you can turn on the :debug option and look in the output to see what co-ordinates Poltergeist is using for the click. You can then cross-reference this with a screenshot to see if something is obviously wrong.
If you can't figure out what's going on and just want to work around the problem so you can get on with life, consider using a DOM click event. For example, if this code is failing:
click_button "Save"
Then try:
find_button("Save").trigger('click')
Timing problems
Sometimes tests pass and fail sporadically. This is often because there is some problem synchronising events properly. It's often straightforward to verify this by adding sleep statements into your test to allow sufficient time for the page to settle.
If you have these types of problems, read through the Capybara documentation on asynchronous JavaScript which explains the tools that Capybara provides for dealing with this.
Memory leak
If you run a few capybara sessions manually please make sure you've called session.driver.quit when you don't need session anymore. Forgetting about this causes memory leakage and your system's resources can be exhausted earlier than you may expect.
General troubleshooting hints
 - Configure Poltergeist with :debug turned on so you can see its communication with PhantomJS.
 - Take screenshots to figure out what the state of your page is when the problem occurs.
 - Use the remote web inspector in case it provides any useful insight
 - Consider downloading the Poltergeist source and using console.log debugging to figure out what's going on inside PhantomJS. (This will require an understanding of the Poltergeist source code and PhantomJS, so it's only for the committed!)
Filing a bug
If you can provide specific steps to reproduce your problem, or have specific information that might help other help you track down the problem, then please file a bug on Github.
Include as much information as possible. For example:
 - Specific steps to reproduce where possible (failing tests are even better)
 - The output obtained from running Poltergeist with :debug turned on
 - Screenshots
 - Stack traces if there are any Ruby on JavaScript exceptions generated
 - The Poltergeist and PhantomJS version numbers used
 - The operating system name and version used
Changes
Version history and a list of next-release features and fix


text:
Lobster, Caribbean spiny – Florida
Caribbean Spiny Lobsters grow fast, are highly fecund (very fertile), and can live up to 20 years.
Centered in Florida, fishing pressure on Caribbean Spiny Lobsters in U.S. waters is heavy.
Caribbean Spiny Lobsters in Florida waters exhibit a truncated size structure, meaning that so many have been caught at a young age that the average size of a Spiny Lobster has declined, and commercial catches in recent years have been below the long-term average.
Fishers use traps to catch Caribbean Spiny Lobsters, resulting in minimal bycatch. Concerns exist, however, about the widespread use of undersized Spiny Lobsters, in lieu of other bait, in Spiny Lobster traps, which is illegal.
This fish may have high levels of mercury that could pose a health risk to adults and children. More mercury info here.