text:
Definition of Dysphonia, spasmodic
Dysphonia, spasmodic: A disorder that involves the muscles of the throat that control speech. Spasmodic dysphonia causes strained and difficult speaking or breathy and effortful speech. Also known as spastic dysphonia and laryngeal dystonia.
Last Editorial Review: 3/19/2012
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EE Student Information
- • • • •
Please see Stanford University Health Alerts for course and travel updates.
Chelsea Finn featured as part of the Women in AI, a special project by 'Synced'
Professor Chelsea Finn
April 2020
Professor Chelsea Finn studies intelligence through robotic interaction at scale, and is affiliated with SAIL and the Statistical ML Group. In addition to teaching, she does research projects with her PhD students, and runs her lab. She also does research work with the Google Brain Team.
She was interviewed by Synced as part of their 'Women in AI' special project. Modified excerpts from that article follow.
Chelsea graduated with her Bachelor's in electrical engineering and computer science from MIT and completed her PhD in computer science at UC Berkeley. Her dissertation "Learning to Learn with Gradients" won the 2018 ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award.
Chelsea is actively concerned about the broad impacts of underrepresentation. "I worry about people feeling like they don't fit in, that there aren't people that look like them in a place," she said.
At a young age, Chelsea really enjoyed solving puzzles and problems, and with both parents being engineers she knew that engineering was one way to do that. Chelsea chose to major in Computer Science and Electrical Engineering because she believed that would leave many doors open for her to try different things later down the line. As she became more and more drawn to robotics, machine learning, and AI, she realized the need to go to grad school and do research if she hoped to make new advances and develop new algorithms.
Chelsea says when she started her PhD she wasn't planning to stay in academia because making products in the industry was more appealing. But things didn't go as planned when she later realized the greater long-term impact she could have through research and teaching.
Currently Chelsea helps pair undergrads with grad students in AI so that they can learn firsthand what grad school is like, what's exciting about doing research, and steps they should consider if they are interested in research and AI.
She has also been helping with other outreach programs for high school students through AI4ALL, a nonprofit dedicated to increasing diversity and inclusion in AI education, research, development, and policy. The nonprofit was co-founded in 2015 by Professor Fei-Fei Li. The first program that the team launched was SAILORS — a summer outreach program for high school girls to learn about human-centered AI.
Chelsea is also well aware that it takes time for any trends to really lead to concrete, measurable improvement, especially since the number of women studying or pursuing a career in computer science has remained low over the past decade.
It's still a work in progress, and fixing the pipeline isn't the entire problem, she added. "I think there's still more that can be improved — in terms of creating a welcoming and inclusive environment."
Excerpted from Synced, "Women in AI | Chelsea Finn: 'I Certainly Feel Like a Minority'" March 30, 2020


¶ Flashbulb Memory
"Flashbulb memory" describes the tendency of our memories tend to focus on a few salient, random images, typically those connected to the emotions associated with the remembered event but also social psychological factors. Memories that involve a shared identity with others or that are rehearsed with others are more likely to achieve flashbulb status.
 - Memory
Shiller, Robert J. Narrative Economics: How Stories Go Viral and Drive Major Economic Events. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2019.


Cable, Wisconsin
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Cable, Wisconsin
Location of Cable, Wisconsin
Location of Cable, Wisconsin
Coordinates: 46°12′11″N 91°16′0″W / 46.20306°N 91.26667°W / 46.20306; -91.26667
Country United States
State Wisconsin
County Bayfield
 - Total 71.4 sq mi (184.9 km2)
 - Land 69.2 sq mi (179.3 km2)
 - Water 2.2 sq mi (5.7 km2)
Elevation[1] 1,362 ft (415 m)
Population (2000)
 - Total 825
 - Density 12.1/sq mi (4.7/km2)
Time zone Central (CST) (UTC-6)
 - Summer (DST) CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP code 54821
Area code(s) 715 and 534
FIPS code 55-11675[2]
GNIS feature ID _PHONE_[1]
Cable is a town in Bayfield County, Wisconsin, United States. Its population was 825 at the 2010 U.S. census.[3] The census-designated place of Cable and the unincorporated communities of Leonards and Radspur are located in the town.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 71.4 square miles (185.0 km²), of which, 69.2 square miles (179.3 km²) of it is land and 2.2 square miles (5.6 km²) of it (3.05%) is water.
Cable is located 16 miles northeast of the city of Hayward.
As of the census[2] of 2000, there were 836 people, 381 households, and 230 families residing in the town. The population density was 12.1 people per square mile (4.7/km²). There were 697 housing units at an average density of 10.1 per square mile (3.9/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 99.16% White, 0.24% Native American, 0.12% Asian, 0.24% from other races, and 0.24% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.12% of the population.
There were 381 households out of which 24.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.9% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.4% were non-families. 32.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.76.
In the town the population was spread out with 22.1% under the age of 18, 3.2% from 18 to 24, 30.1% from 25 to 44, 28.5% from 45 to 64, and 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 104.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.1 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $31,250, and the median income for a family was $36,250. Males had a median income of $26,645 versus $16,484 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,985. About 8.5% of families and 11.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.3% of those under age 18 and 13.6% of those age 65 or over.
Coordinates: 46°12′29″N 91°17′32″W / 46.20806°N 91.29222°W / 46.20806; -91.29222
U.S. Highway 63 and County Highway M serve as main routes in the community.
Cable is the starting point of the American Birkebeiner cross-country skiing race, which ends in nearby Hayward, and the end point of the Chequamegon Fat Tire Festival mountain bike race.
 3. ^ "Community Facts" (in English). American Factfinder. 2010. Retrieved 17 February 2014.


text:
When gdb prints a value, it first sees if there is a pretty-printer registered for the value. If there is then gdb invokes the pretty-printer to print the value. Otherwise the value is printed normally.
Pretty-printers are normally named. This makes them easy to manage. The 'info pretty-printer' command will list all the installed pretty-printers with their names. If a pretty-printer can handle multiple data types, then its subprinters are the printers for the individual data types. Each such subprinter has its own name. The format of the name is printer-name;subprinter-name.
Pretty-printers are installed by registering them with gdb. Typically they are automatically loaded and registered when the corresponding debug information is loaded, thus making them available without having to do anything special.
There are three places where a pretty-printer can be registered.
See Selecting Pretty-Printers, for further information on how pretty-printers are selected,
See Writing a Pretty-Printer, for implementing pretty printers for new types.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Robust data collection essential for health system resilience
By Gilles Soulez
COVID-19 led to a significant drop in medical imaging examinations from March to June 2020. Patients have been adversely affected by the deferral of imaging procedures and lengthening wait lists. Solutions are needed to ensure a sustainable system so that Canadians can access quality, safe, appropriate care during and after the pandemic.
Patchy data undermines efforts to improve patient Access to Care
We cannot improve what we do not measure. There is a shortage of timely and comprehensive data to understand and track imaging volume and demand in Canada, within and across jurisdictions. The Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI) reports on this information, but not all provinces and territories contribute and there is no established benchmark for medical imaging wait times. Not all provinces and territories have a centralized inventory of wait lists and there is no universal imaging priority classification system in place in Canada. Imaging wait times are not systematically reported according to a standardized national framework.
Furthermore, not all provinces are using the standardized medical imaging wait time benchmarks recommended by the CAR. Pan-Canadian medical imaging wait time benchmarks are necessary to create a national dashboard and methodology which can be used to support and promote equitable access to imaging based on medical need, regardless of geographic challenges.
The lack of data is a major hurdle to examining the true impact of the shutdown of services for the health of Canadians.
Our attempts to analyze wait time data are limited because data are not available for every province or jurisdiction and the provinces that do have wait time data utilize different benchmarks. Demand for imaging has consistently outpaced supply even with demand being relatively predictable. Prior to COVID-19, wait times for CT and MRI exceeded recognized standards in most provinces, particularly for patients assigned to non-urgent, non-critical priority levels.
The COVID-19 effect
Imaging volumes were significantly hindered by curtailing of care deemed non-urgent in the spring and early summer. We observed a late resurgence of imaging throughput in June, but the overall level remained below 80% of pre-COVID activities. The important drop in requisitions during the same period helped to maintain the gap between requisitions and examinations performed at a similar level to pre-COVID-19. However, we can observe a widening of this gap and anticipate an increasingly difficult situation when general referral patterns resume to pre-pandemic levels. We have new volume data indicating growing wait lists for non-urgent patients across modalities. Modalities with high throughput (ultrasound and CT) are more problematic, as there is a greater gap to overcome.
Obtaining a complete picture of exactly how many Canadians have been affected by the shutdown and postponement of necessary imaging services remains challenging, given the limitations of the available data.
When will we close the gap?
Despite a decreased demand for imaging services between March and June 2020, the number of Canadians with a health condition that necessitates getting a scan has not changed. This means demand will likely return to pre-COVID levels over time, and likely surpass pre-COVID demand to make up for the current decrease.
Putting our most optimistic assumption forward as to how quickly CT and MRI services can recover, the total difference between the expected provision of CT and MRI and what is missing accounts for approximately 1,440,000 CT and 612,000 MRI scans between March 2020 and December 2022. We do not know the full extent of the backlog for ultrasound services, but our data suggest a dire lack of ultrasound capacity.
These findings will not come as a surprise to most health professionals, however, the pandemic has certainly brought the deficiencies in the healthcare system into the spotlight. Consistently centering around the needs of the patient will naturally lead to the development of data-driven applications and platforms to streamline care pathways and the reasonable exchange of patient data in a jurisdiction-agnostic way. The silver lining of the pandemic may be the recognition of pinch points, barriers, and unnecessary hurdles in the system, and the subsequent building of political will to enact system-wide change.


text:
- Get Involved
March 19, 2005 - August 7, 2005
Museum: Sackler Gallery
Location: Vever Galleries
The Turkic warlord Timur, also known as Tamerlane, established the Timurid dynasty (_PHONE_) after conquering a vast territory extending from present-day Turkey to the borders of China. Thirty-three paintings, manuscripts, and portable luxury objects from Iran and modern-day Afghanistan illustrate one of the most artistically brilliant periods in the history of the Islamic world. Works include a rare Koran folio, delicately painted manuscript illustrations, an exquisitely carved agate cup, a finely tooled wooden door, and 3 rare paintings (never before seen together) by the legendary late 15th-century artist Bihzad. These examples also show how Timurid patrons fostered the development of a distinct artistic language that affirmed their role as the rightful heirs of the Persian political, cultural, and artistic tradition.


ECOC2010: IP Offloading over Multi-granular Photonic SwitchingTechnologies
Telefonica I+D and Intune Networks,
This paper introduces and demonstrates the technical feasibility of a new network architecture where Internet traffic between IP accesses (BRAS) and inter-carrier interconnection nodes is exclusively transported over multi-granular photonic switching technologies without any intermediary transit IP packet processing.
Summary of OPST Performance Benefits
OPST offers significant simplification of network operations as both the optical and OPST layers are hidden freeing operator resources to focus on rapid introduction of client services to generate new revenue streams. The operator has a single infrastructure to manage, but can build virtual bridges on this infrastructure and resell the physical network, as a collection of virtual networks, to other operators and service providers. Within all of these features is the ability to guarantee the bandwidth, latency and jitter characteristics of dimensioned packet flows in services such as ELine, ELAN and ETree as defined by the Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF).
These services can be sold under SLA for a range of classes of service. Finally, the infrastructure can simultaneously offer an adaptive and efficient use of the remaining undimensioned bandwidth for best efforts and internet browsing traffic. This bandwidth can be sold at lower rates but remain profitable as it shares the same infrastructure as other revenue streams.


text:
Garden Dictionary Word: autotrophic (n. autophyte)
autotrophic (n. autophyte)
1. Refers to organisms that are capable of processing inorganic materials into organic ones by using energy from outside the organism such as sunshine on chlorophyll. 2. Refers to a body of water that is limited in its supply of organic material to what it is capable of producing within its own borders.
A| B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Delete Windows.old Folder, Force Remove Old Windows
How to Delete Windows.old Folder, Force Remove Old Windows. Can't Remove Windows.old Folder in Windows 10 Delete your previous version of Windows
What is the Windows.old folder?
The Windows old folder, when you have a new installation on Windows and upgraded the operating system, for example: You have upgraded from Windows 7 to Windows 10, as a result of this upgrade, Windows does not delete your old files, it will keep them in a folder named C: /Windows.old for a month. Deletes spontaneously at the end of a month. Likewise, if you install windows directly without formatting the partition you will install, your old files are stored in the Windows.old folder.
Method 1: Delete Windows.old Folder with Disk Cleanup
 1. You can also delete the Windows old folder with Windows' own disk cleaning tool. To do so, type "Disk Cleanup" in Start > Search. In the results, click Run Disk Cleanup as Administrator.
Delete Windows.old Folder
 1. Disk Cleanup: Select disk (C:) on the Drive Selection screen and click "OK" button.
Delete Windows.old Folder
 1. Then click on the "Clean up system files" button. In the next window, check the "Previous Windows installation(s)" option and click the "OK" button.
Delete Windows.old Folder
This will delete the Windows old folder.
Method 2: Remove Windows.old Folder with Command Prompt (CMD)
 1. First type "cmd" in the Start menu. Find "Command Prompt" in the results. Select "Run as administrator" from the options next to it.
Command Prompt
 1. Enter the following code in the "Command Prompt" window and then press "ENTER":
RD /S /Q %SystemDrive%\windows.old
Force Remove Old Windows
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text:
Tyler's city limits covered just 100 acres in first survey in 1847
The city of Tyler's limits are ever-evolving.
Tyler's limits covered 100 acres after its first plat survey in 1847 when it was just a "village," according to survey records. Today, the city limits include 57.16 square miles, more than 36,500 acres.
Trees marked the north, east, south and west corners of the 100-acre 1847 limit. A 15-inch Red Oak marked the northwest corner. Two hickories marked the northeast corner, and groves of black-jack trees marked the southeast and southwest corners.
The town site included five streets running north and south, and four streets running east and west, most of them originally named after prevalent trees along the way. A small federal courthouse was built on the north side of the square.
The four east-west streets were Locust, Cherry, Walnut and Elm while avenues running north and south were called Federal Court House, Spring, Broadway Hickory and Washington.
Cherry Street was named for a large wild cherry tree, but it was changed in 1856 to Ferguson Street in honor of Alfred W. Ferguson, who built the first brick structures in the town.
Walnut Street was named after two large groves of hickory trees one mile out from the courthouse at each end of the street. It was renamed Erwin Street the same year as Ferguson, to honor Col. Thomas B. Erwin, a prominent resident who built a two-story colonial home on property formerly used as a pecan shellery and canning station.
Federal Court House became "Fannie Street," to honor the daughter of Tyler's first established attorney Stephen Reaves.
The street eventually was changed to Fannin. Hickory Street became College Avenue in 1886 in honor of East Texas College.
Washington Street became Bois d' Arc after hedges of trees planted by a resident with land along the street.
In 1850, the city government was incorporated and a mayor and four aldermen were named. They served 276 residents -- 174 men and 102 women. A description by an unnamed man in Smith County Historical Society annals recounted Tyler as having 200 inhabitants, one school, six businesses, one hotel, one blacksmith shop, one tailor and a "substantial little building where they kept violators of the law."
Farming spurred much of Tyler's early growth before the railroad brought a "growth spurt," amateur historian and attorney Randy Gilbert said.
Tyler expanded its city limits for the first time in 1888, according to city maps. But the expansion added around 2,000 acres, especially north because of the railroad and a population boom.
The city's population grew to 6,098 by 1890 compared to 2,423 in 1880, more than 150 percent.
George Yarborough built the first "addition" on 28 acres about a half-mile outside of Tyler's limits in the mid-1870s. He split the lots into one, two and four-acre lots.
After the Civil War and up to the emergence of the automobile, people lived close to where they worked, he said, meaning growth potential was limited.
"Most people walked to their shops or their jobs," he said. "After the automobile there was opportunity for greater expansion and the idea of suburbs."
Tyler again expanded in 1937, almost doubling in size, but still well within Loop 323 (which came in the mid-1950s). The next significant expansion by the city that reached beyond Loop 323 came in the 1970s as Tyler's population swelled to more than 57,700.
Today, the city's estimated inhabitants number more than 109,000, City Planner Heather Nick said.
All information, unless otherwise noted, is from the Smith County Historical Society.


text:
The school owes its existence to an endowment provided by the late Donlon Arques who laid the groundwork for the school prior to his death in 1993. Our program is avocational, for serious amateurs who love traditional wooden boats and wish to help preserve the history, design, and construction methods of this craft.
At the end of his life, Don Arques defined the purpose of the nonprofit corporation he founded as:
"a school and center for the restoration and replication of small wooden boats that have had historical significance in the greater San Francisco Bay Area."
The school has kept these purposes as the core of its program. The building of the historic gillnet boat and the restoration of the West Coast's oldest sailing yacht, the Freda, are examples of this. In addition, a number of traditional wooden boats from other parts of the United States and Canada have been built at the school. THE ARQUES SCHOOL DOES NOT DISCRIMINATE ON THE BASIS OF RACE, GENDER, RELIGION, OR SEXUAL ORIENTATION.
Robert Darr, Founder of the Arques School in 1996, is Program Director. He teaches the Saturday Class, the Design Class, and Advanced Boatbuilding, a course offered to experienced students which covers the theory and construction methods of traditional wooden boatbuilding.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text: Hello everyone. I have been reading Graves' book for a week or so, got it from the library, and I've gotten to the first exercises but I wanted to clarify some things. In the first part of the book when he explains the elements of design he says there are "seven elements, factors, or dimensions." But later on when describing repetition he says there are six dimensions? Or does he mean there are six dimensions in use in repetition? Also this is my first real experience with color and I don't think I fully understand the concept of chroma, is it like the intensity of the color itself, like a very bright red or is there more to it then that? I apologize if these questions sound stupid as I've never really studied design before.


text:
Today, I came across a program known as 7stacks. It is an easy to use, freeware that lets Windows 7, Vista and XP users to have "stacks" of icons. In Windows 7 stacks appear in the taskbar and in Windows XP and Vista stacks appear in the QuickLaunch Toolbar. So what's the use of stacks? By using stacks, users can reduce icon clutter, and combine a group of related icons into a single icon. If programs like Yahoo messenger, Google talk, and msn messenger are open then they all will be grouped under one stack in the taskbar.
It also allows you to browse and access documents within a folder very quickly. Usually, when you want to edit a series of frequently used documents, you'd have to either launch the app and go to My Computer icon> My Documents folder and then pick the file you want. With 7stacks, just create a stack to that document's folder, and open that document in a couple of clicks. Pretty easy isn't it?
-In 7 and Vista, 7stacks uses Aero, making the stacks look like part of Windows itself.
-Browse subfolders within a stack, just like in OS X Snow Leopard.
-3 different styles of stacks: Normal, Grid, and Menu
-Normal displays a stack of icons vertically, with a text description next to it.
-Grid displays a "squarish" grid of icons only; useful when displaying a large number of items like document folders.
-Menu displays a cascading menu of items, with a very small icon and a name next to it. Hover over subfolders to browse inside those folders.
-In Windows 7, create a new stack by right-clicking on any stack and selecting "Create New Stack" from the JumpList entry.
-In Menu mode, 7stacks doesn't even need to be in a toolbar. You can use it right from your desktop, or any other folder.
-Pin up to 10 different stacks on the Windows 7 taskbar
RELATED: Windows 7 Aero Shake Taskbar for XP


text:
Duplicate Elimination Algorithms
This activity asks you to detect and remove duplicate elements from arrays in various different circumstances. The lower levels are relatively easy, but the problem becomes more difficult as you go higher.
Start this Activity
After you click the "Start Activity" button above, you will be asked questions in the following areas:
Find a Duplicate - Array of integers
Eliminate Duplicates - O(n) solution
Eliminate Duplicates - Larger Than Memory


THE DOS AND DON'TS OF Tank-mixing herbicides and fertilizers
Applicators commonly mix nutrients with herbicides to increase efficiency when spraying turf areas. Unfortunately, the wrong combination can result in clogged nozzles, "scum" and precipitates in the tank, or even damaged turf. These are all indications of incompatibility among the materials being mixed. However, you can avoid this scenario if you follow a few basic guidelines.
Tank-mix incompatibility
Incompatibility occurs when one or more components of the mix chemically react, reducing the effectiveness of one or all of the pesticide components. In addition, you may see poor weed control, clogged spray nozzles and precipitates, surface scum, oily drops, gel, excessive foam or clumps in the tank. It is possible, however, that the only effect of the incompatibility will be lack of efficacy. Some materials are so reactive that even if they only come in contact with each other on the leaf surface, they still interact.
Incompatibility can also cause phytotoxicity to turf and ornamentals, which of course is even worse than mere lack of effectiveness.
Let's look at ways to prevent the "incompatibility factor."
The first consideration is the pH of your water source. Well water and city water often contain high amounts of calcium, iron and magnesium. This is commonly known as "hard water." It is not uncommon to see the pH range as high as from 9.6 to 10.4 in these water sources. This can reduce the effectiveness of emulsifiable concentrate (EC) herbicides, but will have minimal or no effect on aqueous herbicides. By contrast, low pH or acidic tank mixes will adversely affect aqueous herbicides.
Besides the water source, fertilizers also can affect the pH of your tank mix. Phosphate fertilizers tend to be acidic, while most commonly used nitrogen fertilizers, such as urea, are alkaline. When they dissolve, the solution can develop a pH of 8.0 to 8.5 and may become even more alkaline over time. Avoid letting tank mixes sit overnight because the pH can change and reduce the effectiveness of the spray mixture.
It is not difficult to check the pH of your tank mix. You can easily do this with pocket pH meters, pH test strips or water test kits that measure pH. A pH of 7.0 is neutral. Generally, anything close to this is acceptable. If pH is a major issue in product performance, it will be noted on the product label. There are several commercial products available that can be used to raise or lower the pH as necessary.
The jar test
The jar test is the most practical method to visually check for incompatibility of a specific herbicide and fertilizer mix. For this test, fill a quart jar with the correct ratio of the materials in the mix. To determine the correct ratio, you must first identify the spray volume per a set ground area (e.g. 1,000 square feet) and the correct rates of the fertilizer and pesticides for that area. Once you determine this information, proportion each material down to the volume of the jar, generally 1 quart.
For example, if the spray volume is 1 gallon per 1,000 square feet and you use a pint of test solution, you would divide the product rates for 1,000 square feet by eight, as there are 8 pints in a gallon. (See "Jar test instructions," above.)
Common sense suggestions
Chemical and fertilizer companies spend millions of dollars researching and developing their products. Detailed, specific information, including mixing instructions, is included on the label. The label in the photo on page 58 includes the following information:
 1. The herbicide is an emulsifiable concentrate (EC);
 2. Mixing instructions with water and agitation requirement;
 3. A Notice that the product may separate if allowed to sit for a prolonged period;
 4. A Notice concerning the use of tank additives that alter the pH; and
 5. Mixing instructions for liquid fertilizers and recommendations for a compatibility jar test.
Notice that the label contains information regarding additives. Sometimes additives are necessary to correct compatibility problems when mixing herbicides with other products. Additives such as surfactants, which reduce surface tension, are already found in many herbicides. For example, if a herbicide is an emulsifiable concentrate (EC), it contains emulsifiers that keep it suspended in water. Wettable powders (WP) and flowables (F) often contain surfactants that help prevent herbicide particles clumping together. However, indiscriminate use of additives can negatively affect the herbicide's performance, reducing weed control or injuring turf. Do not underestimate the importance of following the label instructions.
Also included on the label is a telephone number for technical support and safety concerns. As with any pesticide or fertilizer, it is extremely important that the applicator read the entire label and follow the instructions when mixing and spraying the product.
Spray tank considerations
Start with a clean tank. If you clean the tank properly after each spraying, this should not be a problem. However, if the tank is not clean, even the jar test won't help. Vigorously agitate the tank contents while mixing and applying the products. Spray tanks should be equipped with agitators that keep the contents in suspension. I don't usually recommend the "paddle-type" or bypass-line agitators because these can let suspensions settle out. "Jet-type" or "venturi" agitators mounted in the bottom of the tank are better. If you take a break, be sure to leave the agitator running.
Making the application
Even with proper agitation, never start the spray on the desired target. On golf courses, for instance, turn your sprayer on in the rough before spraying the greens. On home lawns, if using a hand-held spray gun, turn it on in the tank before spraying the lawn.
If you have not previously used a product or product mix, apply it to a small test area prior to broadcasting. Overlap your application in some places to determine the margin of safety. Signs of spray ineffectiveness or phytotoxicity should appear after a few days on the test area.
Some "dos and don'ts"
 1. Always follow the correct filling order for products, starting with 50 percent of the water in the tank prior to adding products.
 2. Avoid mixing concentrated products together before mixing in the tank.
 3. Don't mix non-chelated iron sulfate products with amine formulations of certain phenoxy herbicides. This could cause a cottage cheese like precipitate to form. Remember READ THE LABEL, which should make it clear if this is a potential problem.
 4. Don't mix strongly acid materials with strongly alkaline materials. Again, the label should mention it if this is a potential problem.
 5. You should pre-dissolve dry flowable herbicides that are packaged in water-soluble film packets in water prior to adding to fluid fertilizers or nitrogen — these materials can prevent the packet from completely dissolving.
 6. Don't mix potassium fertilizers or other fertilizers that have a high salt load (ionic strength) with emulsifiable concentrates and liquid flowables. This can cause compatibility problems and phytotoxicity.
 7. Ensure that when you apply herbicide/fluid-fertilizer mixtures, you're applying the correct herbicide rate. Sprayer output may not be the same using large quantities of fluid fertilizer as when using water as the carrier. You should recalibrate sprayers for the fertilizer carrier.
Avoiding tank mix problems is primarily a matter of using common sense and reading the label. These two things will help ensure effective applications and save you a lot of aggravation.
David W. Fearis, CGCS, is golf course products marketing consultant for PBI/Gordon Corp. (Kansas City, Mo.).
 1. Pour 1 pint of water into a 1-quart jar.
 2. Add the correct proportion of fertilizer and wetable powders to the water and ensure that the materials are uniformly mixed.
 3. Add aqueous components individually, again ensuring each is mixed uniformly.
 4. Add EC compounds last.
 5. Invert (don't shake) the jar 10 times to mix, and let stand for at least one hour. Inspect for unusual signs such as participates, clumping or layering in the mixture.
It is important to remember that a jar test will only show physical incompatibilities and not phytotoxic incompatibilities. To check for the latter, test by spraying an inconspicuous spot.
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Separation of Concern vs Single Responsibility Principle ( SoC vs SRP )
These two great principals that stands on the base of many design and architecture decisions. We very often meet these principals in book, articles, blogs, etc... And main question which risen in my head was what they really all about and how they relate to each other? These two principles are totally discrete from each other or their core principle is the same?
Just to remember what these two principles means lets read following statements which defines the each of them:
Separation of Concerns (SoC) – is the process of breaking a computer program into distinct features that overlap in functionality as little as possible. A concern is any piece of interest or focus in a program. Typically, concerns are synonymous with features or behaviors.
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Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) – every object should have a single responsibility, and that all its services should be narrowly aligned with that responsibility. On some level Cohesion is considered as synonym for SRP.
_URL_
From the first sight very simple and easy to understand. The principles really have a lot in common and in general they both talk about decoupling in distinct Logical Units with well defined Boundaries (responsibilities). Logical Unit and Boundaries could be very abstract or concrete, and the boundaries depend on the context of the problem which you are trying to solve.
The separation allows:
 - To allow people to work on individual pieces of the system in isolation;
 - To facilitate reusability;
 - To ensure the maintainability of a system;
 - To add new features easily;
 - To enable everyone to better understand the system;
 - Etc...;
 - And of course, SoC is not limited to Architecture Layers, it's also applied on many other things, such as: an object that could represent a concern from language point view, SOA can separate concerns into services, separating behaviour as concern in logical units, etc...
 If to discuss further about similarities, SRP mostly means the same thing as SoC for layered architecture example.
 However, SRP was re-interpreted by Uncle Bob with the definition "THERE SHOULD NEVER BE MORE THAN ONE REASON FOR A CLASS TO CHANGE". By the definition, SRP was narrowed down to class level.
 The "narrowed" SRP definition also could leave a lot of questions, how we can make sure that our new class really has one responsibility and there is only one reason to change? Similar question we could raise for SoC… What is for sure is that is not one answer, but in general the answer is that there is not a Rule and all depends on the context of the problem. You can find an answer by yourself by answering next questions:
 1. What is really the boundary of the Responsibility that you are trying to separate?
 2. What is really the boundary of the Concern that you are trying separate?
 In real-world applications is mostly impossible to implement an ideal solution, trying to solve by one principle you can break another, such as YAGNI or over design…
 Is very important to notice that: do not shift all the principles to extremes, because in real cases is impossible to achieve them from all point of views. So is very important to apply them from a certain and most meaningful angle.
 The principles on certain level have similarities but on another level they are different things, let's find out it by an example.
 Let's suppose we have following user story, "user should be able set screen background color because the color should be customizable for any logged on user, so user access must be checked before color is set".
 Here is very raw implementation (just for demonstration purpose) of the requirement:
 internal class UserSettingsService
 {
 public void SetBackgroundColor(ConsoleColor color)
 {
 CheckAccess();

 Console.BackgroundColor = color;
 Console.WriteLine("- Color is changed...");
 }

 private static void CheckAccess()
 {
 if (IsCurrentUserLogedIn())
 {
 throw new SecurityException("Can't change color."
 + "The User is not Authenticated in the system");
 }
 }

 private static bool IsCurrentUserLogedIn()
 {
 return Thread.CurrentPrincipal.Identity.IsAuthenticated;
 }
 }
 Main purpose of the SetBackgroundColor method is to set new background color but before to set a new color we check if the user has access. Security access checking is encapsulated by CheckAccess method. After short explanation, let's go back to our lovely SoC and SRP, on method level each method has its own concern and single responsibility. However on class level they are not, the class is far from to be a cohesive one, it encapsulates Security checks and changing screen color logic. But what if we need to do same check in another classes? then the Check Access logic is duplicated OR we can change the Check Access to public and use the class. Of course, both ways are not the best practices.
 Let's do next step of refactoring and separate each class with its own responsibilities:
 internal class UserSettingsService
 {
 public void SetBackgroundColor(ConsoleColor color)
 {
 SecurityService.CheckAccess();

 Console.BackgroundColor = color;
 Console.WriteLine("- Color is changed...");
 }
 }

 internal class SecurityService
 {
 public static void CheckAccess()
 {
 if (IsCurrentUserLogedIn())
 {
 throw new SecurityException("Can't change color."
 + "The User is not Authenticated in the system");
 }
 }

 private static bool IsCurrentUserLogedIn()
 {
 return Thread.CurrentPrincipal.Identity.IsAuthenticated;
 }
 }
 Now the classes are separated so each class has its own responsibility:
 1. UserSettingsService - to set background
 2. SecurityService - to check security
 which increases their reusability and therefore maintainability.
 So in the last example SRP is not broken because each class has its own well defined responsibility. From another perspective if we take the security checks as infrastructure related concerns and changing color as domain concerns then SoC is broken, because set color invokes security checks instead just setting the color. We can avoid pollution of the domain logic with infrastructure stuff, by applying Virtual Proxy Pattern which will wrap UserSettingsService class and will perform security checks before "real" SetBackgroundColor method is invoked.
 The security checks such in the example above are considered Cross-Cutting Concerns and that is why AOP (Aspect Oriented Programming) was invented for. AOP tries to separate such concerns in separate component(s) and apply and reuse the component(s) without introducing dependencies on the components making easier maintenance.
 Conclusion, the SRP and SoC principles have something in common but in the same time they have some differences, also they should be viewed as an advice and not a rule, a developer should feel when and how to apply and do abstract concerns and responsibilities for a problem correctly.
 [Note: I assume that provided example could not be ideal or the best one but I hope at least it shows my idea.]
 Thank you,
 Artur Trosin
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text:
A new approach to simulation of LNG spills in the ocean
Date of Original Version
Spills of LNG can pose a safety risk to people and structures in proximity to such spills. Methodologies to assess risk from either accidental or intentional spills must include a component to estimate the fate and transport of spilled LNG. LNGMAP is a fully integrated, geographic information based modular PC-based system that predicts the fate and transport of marine spills of LNG from vessels. The model is organized as a discrete set of linked algorithms that represent the processes affecting LNG once it is released into the environment. The model includes a time dependent release rate, spreading, transport on the water surface, evaporation from the water surface, transport and dispersion in the atmosphere, and, if ignited, burning and associated radiated heat fields. A major feature of LNGMAP is its ability to account for the movement of the vessel and the currents onto which the LNG was spilled. This ability allows more realistic pool shapes, vapor clouds and radiated heat zones. To illustrate the model predictive capability for realistic emergency scenarios, simulations were performed for three cases: the first assumes the vessel continues on course after the spill starts, the second that the vessel stops as soon as practical after the release begins, and the third that the vessel grounds at the closest site practical. ©2006 IEEE.
Swanson, J. C., and Malcolm Spaulding. "A new approach to simulation of LNG spills in the ocean." OCEANS 2006 , (2006). doi:10.1109/OCEANS.2006.306862.


Birrong, is located 22 kilometres from Sydney central business district.
The Aboriginal word Birrong meaning star, was adopted as the suburb's name around 1927.
Birrong Girls High School is a public girls high school that was established as a girls' comprehensive high school in 1957. There are 820 students (2006 estimate) from a wide variety of cultural backgrounds enrolled in the school. 84% of students are from non-English speaking background (NESB) which represents 46 language groups.
What's in the neighbourhood?


text:
Definitions for umbriaˈʌm bri ə
Random House Webster's College Dictionary
Um•bri•aˈʌm bri ə(n.)
a region in central Italy. 819,000; 3270 sq. mi. (8470 sq. km).
Category: Ancient History, Geography (places)
a mountainous region in central Italy
A region of central Italy.
The Nuttall Encyclopedia
a province of ancient Italy, between Cisalpine Gaul and the territory of the Sabines; inhabited originally by a powerful Latin race.


text:
1. Rawhide mallet:
It is a mallet to loosen the pattern in the mould by striking slightly, so that it can be withdrawn without damaging the mould.
2. Gate cutter:
It is a metal piece to the gate the opening that connects tee sprue with the mould cavity.
3. Rapping plate (or) Lifting plate:
It is used to facilitate shaking and lifting large pattern from the mold.
4. Spirit level:
It is used to check that the sand bed, moulding box or table of moulding machine is horizontal.
Clamps are used to hold the cope and drag of the complete mould together so that the cope may not float or rise when the molten metal is poured into the mould.
6. Gaggers (or) Lifters:
These are iron rods bent at one or both ends. These are used to reinforce the moulding sand in the top portion of the moulding box and for supporting hanging sand.
7. Moulding box:
Sand moulds are prepared specially constructed boxes called the moulding boxes or flasks. The function and construction of a molding box have already been described.
8. Moulding flasks:
1. Snap flask
2. Tapered slip flask
3. Box flask (or) Tight flask
4. Wooden flask


text:
From China-Africa to Africa-China: A Blueprint for a Green and Inclusive Continent-wide Africa Strategy Towards China
download our report here:
More specifically, it is important for readers to be aware of six innovations of this guide that distinguish the information provided from others on this topic. They are as follows:
It is a long established fact that a reader will be distracted by the readable
content of a page when looking at its layout.


text:
Arduino satellite signal - Arduino Arduino Sampling Signal Processing
The following Arduino project generates a black and white PAL composite video signal and shows how to do hard realtime tasks in software (this example is very simple).
The Rock 7 RockBLOCK is a fascinating new communications module that gives TTLlevel devices like Arduino access to the Iridium satellite IridiumSBD, uses the.
Arduino Rotor Remoter The Arduino series of boards is currently the ideal choice for a satellite rotor Arduino simple signal generator Build a Arduino simple.
Video embeddedArduino GPSGSM Tracker (WatchDog Enabled) the GPS receiver compares the time a signal was transmitted by a satellite.
Video embeddedFreetronics is the official Payload Hardware Partner for ArduSat, the project working to launch a tiny satellite with an Arduinobased payload in mid 20
arduino Ebook download as PDF File (. pdf), Text File (. txt) or read book online. arduino


weight is more than 10. Please see the section on determining the weight of a edge for more information.
closed sets
A closed set is a list of designators surrounded by curly brackets. It can only appear on the right of a relation, for example (^ CASE) = {NOM ACC}, (^ CASE) $ {NOM ACC}, and (^ CASE) << {NOM ACC}. The constraint (^ CASE) = {NOM ACC} is similar to having NOM $ (^ CASE) and ACC $ (^ CASE), except that it also specifies that the set can have no other elements in it (hence the name "closed"). You can test whether an element is in a closed set using constraints like DAT $ (^ CASE). This will fail immediately if (^ CASE) is a closed set and DAT cannot be unified with any of its elements. If a set can be either open or closed, you can test for set membership using DAT $c (^ CASE). This will also fail immediately if (^ CASE) is a closed set and DAT cannot be unified with any of its elements. It will fail eventually from incompleteness if (^ CASE) is an open set and DAT is never added to it.
Closed sets have an implicit narrow-scope disjunction. For instance, if the verb tests the CLASS of the SUBJ using the following constraint:
(^ SUBJ CLASS) $ {CL1 CL2}
and CLASS is not a non-distributive attribute, then if the SUBJ is coordinated, the membership test gets distributed. In particular, the following constraints are consistent with the membership test:
%N1 $ (^ SUBJ)
%N2 $ (^ SUBJ)
(%N1 CLASS) = CL1
(%N2 CLASS) = CL2
This would not be true if the disjunction were explicit:
{(^ SUBJ CLASS) = CL1 | (^ SUBJ CLASS) = CL2}
d\a denotes a restricted version of the f-structure denoted by d (cf. Kaplan and Wedekind 1993). This restricted f-structure is identical to the original f-structure except that it doesn't have the attribute a. For instance, ^\CASE denotes an f-structure identical to ^ except that it cannot have the CASE attribute. ^\A\B denotes the same f-structure as ^\B\A.
If the attribute a is governable and a is in the list of governable attributes for d, then a will not be in the list of governable attributes for d\a. If a is governable and a is not in the list of governable attributes for d\a, then a will be in the list of governable attributes for d. This means that a constraint like!\SUBJ\OBJ = ^\SUBJ\OBL-AGT takes the governable attributes of!, subtracts SUBJ and OBJ from them to get the governable attributes for!\SUBJ\OBJ, and then adds SUBJ and OBL-AGT to them to get the governable attributes for ^. This can be useful as part of a syntactic rule for passivization, such as:
 (! OBJ) = (^ SUBJ)
 (! SUBJ) = (^ OBL-AGT)
 {(! SUBJ) = NULL}
 (^ PASSIVE)=+
 (! PASSIVE)=-;
This is similar in effect to the lexical rewrite rules:
(^ OBJ) --> (^ SUBJ)
{ (^ SUBJ) --> (^ OBL-AGT)
|(^ SUBJ) --> NULL}
except that!\SUBJ\OBJ = ^\SUBJ\OBL-AGT doesn't require there to be an OBL-AGT in ^ (it just allows it). Note that there are very few ways that the passivation rule can be written using restriction. If you mimic the structure of the lexical rule such that the disjunction includes (! SUBJ) = (^ OBL-AGT) then you get unexpected results. Also, using {(! PRED ARG1) = NULL} fails. The only variation that works is using {(^ OBJ) = NULL}.
Restriction can also be used to add governable attributes to an f-structure, although it is not possible to add arguments to an existing PRED semantic value. For instance, if you wanted a mono-clausal f-structure for a light verb construction, you would still need a bi-clausal semantic structure. This could be done using the following grammar fragment:
 VP -> {V "regular verb construction"
(NP: (^ OBJ)=!)
(NP: (^ OBJ2)=!)
(PPobl: (^ OBL-BY)=! (! PCASE)=by)
| LV "light verb construction"
VP: "^ equals! except for SUBJ and PRED"
"the SUBJ becomes an OBJ2"
"the PRED becomes an argument of the light verb"
(! SUBJ) = (^ OBJ2)
(! PRED) = (^ PRED ARG2);
(NP: (^ OBJ2)=!)
let LV * (^ PRED)='let<(^ SUBJ) %ARG2>'
"%ARG2 will be filled in with the lower predicate".
This grammar fragment will create a single f-structure where the SUBJ of the main verb becomes the OBJ2 of the light verb's f-structure. The PRED of the light verb has two arguments: the SUBJ and the PRED of the main verb.
In general, both variables involved in a restricted equality are included in the XLE output. However, if there is a restricted equality between ^ and!, then XLE will suppress the contents of!. Also, if a governable attribute is equal to NULL, then the governable attribute is not displayed.
Propositions are elementary formulas in the functional description language that assert properties of f-structures and other projections. These propositions are true or false of a model consisting of a structure and an assignment of the variables in the proposition to the elements of that structure. The formulas involve a fixed set of predicates and relations as detailed below. These predicates and relations are asserted of arbitrary designators d1, d2, and d.
truth value
These are the truth-value constants that provide a grounding for the logical system. They do not commonly appear in grammatical specifications, but they may arise in the course of grammatical analysis and show up in some of XLE's output displays. They may also be useful in the invocation of functional templates as described below.
d1 = d2
d1 =c d2
The equality predicates are true if d1 and d2 denote exactly the same entity. The difference between the defining equality and the constraining equality =c is that the latter is true only if the equality is implied by all the defining propositions in the functional description. Technically, this is a slightly stronger condition than the one given in Kaplan and Bresnan (1982) because it requires that the constraining equality be true of all extensions of the minimal model, whereas Kaplan and Bresnan only imposed the constraint on the minimal model alone. The letter c (which may be in upper or lower case) must appear immediately next to the =, with no intervening white-space. If d2 is a symbol designator, there must be white-space between it and the preceding c. Thus, (^ SPECIES)=COW is interpreted as a defining equation involving the symbol COW. The proposition must be written as (^ SPECIES)=C OW to obtain a constraining equality on the symbol OW.
set membership
d1 $ d2
The membership predicate is true if d2 denotes a set and d1 denotes one of its elements. This, for example, is used for assigning adjuncts to the adjunct set: ! $ (^ ADJUNCT). It is also used in coordination to make each conjunct a member of a set:! $ ^.
existential constraint
A designator standing by itself is true if the designator has a denotation in the minimal structure satisfying the defining propositions in the f-description. It makes no sense to assert an existential constraint of a symbol or semantic-form designator, since these always have a denotation. XLE therefore issues an error message when it encounters such a constraint. This is usually symptomatic either of a conceptual confusion or of a notational mistake elsewhere in the f-description. An example of an existential constrain would be to require all sentences to be tensed:
 VP: (^ TENSE).
functional and abstract category constraints
The CAT predicate specifies conditions on units of f-structure or other projections that hold by virtue of the nodes that those units correspond to. The CAT predicate is defined in terms of the inverses of structural correspondences, and a CAT proposition is satisfied if and only if the entity denoted by the designator d is a projection of at least one node whose category is in 'categories'. If d denotes an f-structure, then
@(CAT d categories) iff there is some n in phi-1(d) such that category(n) $ categories.
As with abstract precedence, if d involves a composition of other correspondences and thus denotes an element in some other abstract structure, that combination of correspondences is similarly inverted to produce a set of nodes whose categories can be tested.
The CAT predicate permits constraints to be imposed on the categories of the nodes that map to an f-structure without actually copying a category feature into the f-structure (or doing it surreptitiously as Kaplan and Bresnan (1982) did when they used grammatical-function names like VCOMP, ACOMP, and PCOMP). Asserting contraints by means of this correspondence-based predicate maintains the essential modularity of c-structure and f-structure properties while still allowing for limited and controlled interactions to be expressed.


text:
We present a 3D computational imaging system based on a mode-mixing cavity at microwave frequencies. The core component of this system is an electrically large rectangular cavity with one corner re-shaped to catalyze mode mixing, often called a Sinai Billiard. The front side of the cavity is perforated with a grid of periodic apertures that sample the cavity modes and project them into the imaging scene. The radiated fields are scattered by the scene and are measured by low gain probe antennas. The complex radiation patterns generated by the cavity thus encode the scene information onto a set of frequency modes. Assuming the first Born approximation for scattering dynamics, the received signal is processed using computational methods to reconstruct a 3D image of the scene with resolution determined by the diffraction limit. The proposed mode-mixing cavity is simple to fabricate, exhibits low losses, and can generate highly diverse measurement modes. The imaging system demonstrated in this letter can find application in security screening and medical diagnostic imaging.
|Original language||English (US)|
|Journal||Applied Physics Letters|
|State||Published - May 11 2015|
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)


"The Army Is Like A Family": Memories Of A Cold War Army Spouse
Mary Lou McClellan
Mary Lou McClellan grew up in Parma, Ohio. Her mother was a shop owner and her father was in communications. In the summer, she and her siblings loved to ride bicycles to the local swimming hole and swim all day, enjoying sandwiches their mother packed. In 1950, she married George McClellan, who had enlisted in the Army, completed his service, and then commissioned from Ohio State ROTC. In 1952, she and her two-month-old daughter flew to Germany to join her husband, who had traveled ahead. Their first assignment in Germany lasted until 1956, and during this time another daughter was born. Stints at Ft. Benning, Georgia, for the Advanced Course, and Monterey, California, for Russian language school followed, as did two more children, both boys, one born in Georgia and one in California. The family returned to Germany in 1958 and spent two years in Oberammergau for additional Russian language training before being stationed in Berlin, with occasional duty at the Potsdam House. In 1961 she lived through construction of the Berlin Wall, and in 1962, the year of the Cuban Missile Crisis, her last daughter was born. In 1964, when George was assigned to Korea, Mary Lou and the family returned to Parma, Ohio, and lived near extended family. From 1965 to 1966, the family lived in Thailand, assigned to the Thai Military Academy, where Mary Lou taught English. After George returned to the States, they relocated to West Point, where George taught in the Department of Earth, Space, and Geographic Sciences until deploying to Vietnam from 1968 to 1969. After returning from overseas, the family was reassigned to the Military Academy. In this interview, she focuses on her life as an Army spouse during the Cold War. She describes living in Germany in the 1950s and 1960s, the children attending German Schools, and various aspects she liked about German culture and society. She recalls being spied on by the Soviets, experiencing major world events, and various periods of unrest in Germany. She discusses living in Thailand and enjoying a vastly different culture. She reflects upon her time at West Point and its close-knit community. Finally, she highlights changes she observed during her decades as an Army spouse.
conflicts Cold War Vietnam War
topics Military Families Life After Military Teamwork PTSD West Point History
interviewer David Siry
date 23 September 2020
name Mary Lou McClellan
specialty Army Spouse


your delivery URL.
 - Simplify the enabling/disabling of transformations in Strict Transformations mode.
Named transformations can include other named transformations, which allows you to define a chain of transformations to run on multiple assets more easily.
Named transformations are required for baseline transformations, which save processing time and cost by avoiding regeneration of the baseline part of the transformation.
You can create and manage named transformations via the API or in the console UI using the Transformation Builder.
Named Transformation UI
Once the named transformation has been defined, you can transform an asset with the transformation parameter (t for URLs) and the name of your named transformation. For example t_instagram-auto-crop.
You can include user-defined variables in your named transformations, and then pass the value for the user-defined variable into the transformation from an external source. This enables creating a named transformation 'template' with a lot of flexibility.
For example, you could define a complex named transformation that includes a text overlay as a named transformation, using a user-defined variable for the text string value.
You can also set named transformations as transformation templates, which you can apply as templates in the Media Library so that you can preview how assets will look with different named transformations applied.
For more details, see user-defined variables. For a use-case example demonstrating named transformations with user-defined variables, see Using variables with named transformations.
Notes
 - Updating the transformation definition for a named transformation via the Admin API does not automatically update assets that were already derived/delivered with that named transformation. To apply the new definition to any already derived assets that use that named transformation, you must specifically invalidate those transformations or otherwise modify the other parameters in that delivery URL, so that the asset will be re-derived using the new definition.
 However, when updating the transformation definition of a named transformation via the Cloudinary Console, if the named transformation is used in fewer than 1000 existing derived assets, those assets are automatically invalidated and will use the new named transformation definition the next time they are requested. If more than 1000 existing derived assets use the named transformation, then existing derived assets are not updated and only newly generated derived assets will use the new definition.
 You can use the regen_derived CLI command to regenerate derived assets after updating a transformation definition for a named transformation.
 - When creating named transformations that may be applied to assets by other users, it's important to be aware that not all formats are supported for transformations. Applying a named transformation to an asset that has an unsupported format will result in an error. See a list of supported formats.
Creating named transformations
You can create a named transformation programmatically or using the Transformations UI in your Cloudinary console:
To create a named transformation programmatically, use the Transformations Admin API method. The following example defines a named transformation called small_profile_thumbnail that uses automatic cropping to resize assets to the required size for a particular application's thumbnail display:
For more details and examples, see the Create Transformation method in the Admin API Reference.
To create a named transformation using the UI: Expand the Transform and Customize section, accessible from the Console Product Navigation menu.
From here, there are a few ways to create a named transformation:
 - Start with a transformation from the Transformations Center as a template and experiment with it in the UI, click Use it to open the Transformation Builder and refine the transformation to your needs, and finally save it with your chosen name.
 Transformations Gallery UI
 - View all your delivered dynamic transformations (those that were generated and delivered on the fly) in the Log tab of the Manage Transformations page and save one of those with your chosen name.
 - Create a new transformation from scratch using the Transformation Builder (Beta) and save with your chosen name. Open the builder by clicking New Transformation from either of the Transform and Customize pages.
Note
Names used for named transformations:
 - Must contain valid UTF8 characters only
 - Must not contain more than 1024 characters
 - Must not contain any of these characters: \, /, ?, &, #, %, ., ,, <, >
Once you've saved your named transformations, you can view a list of them on the Named Transformations tab of the Manage Transformations page of the Console. From here, you can edit, copy, or enable/disable Strict Transformations.
You can also select to include a transformation as a preset so that it can be applied to an asset in the Download Options tab of the asset management drill-down page.
Transformation Builder
The Cloudinary Transformation Builder is the UI for creating and saving your transformations in a simple and easy to use way. The Transformation Builder has two modes of operation:
 - Construct: Build transformations manually by selecting and configuring transformation actions.
 - Converse: Build transformations using AI chat by describing the transformation with natural language.
Important
Converse mode is currently in Beta and may not yet be enabled for your account. Some implementation details may change before the official release. We invite you to request access and share any feedback via our support team.
Transformation Builder video tutorial
Watch this video for a quick introduction to the Transformation Builder:
Create a transformation using the Builder
To create a new transformation, open the Builder or head to the Transformation Center and click New Transformation. You will be taken to the Transformation Builder UI where you can select the mode to use.
Construct and Converse selector
Construct mode
The Transformation Builder in construct mode provides:
 - A simple and intuitive UI for selecting and configuring transformation actions - easily discover actions and parameters as you build.
 - Transformations built as a series of self-contained actions so you can see the results of each one as you apply it.
 - URL and SDK code ready to copy and paste directly to your code.
 - The ability to update the default preview image to something from your own product environment.
 - Quick edit functionality, to easily add transformations using URL syntax.
Transformation Builder in construct mode
The builder supports most common transformation actions. If the transformation action you are trying to apply is not listed, you can add an Additional Transformation action and use transformation URL syntax to specify your transformation. Alternatively, you can switch to the legacy editor to create your transformation.
Converse mode
The Transformation Builder in converse mode provides:
 - An AI-powered conversational interface to describe the transformation you want to create with natural language.
 - Iterative prompts to continue the conversation and perfect the transformation.
 - URL and SDK code ready to copy and paste directly to your code.
 - The ability to update the default preview image to something from your own product environment.
Transformation Builder in converse mode
Notes and limitations:
 - The conversational interface is powered by GPT.
 - It answers questions related to Cloudinary transformations only.
 - The use of AI, including the GPT model, means that answers may not be 100% accurate.
 - We have implemented mechanisms to improve the accuracy of results for transaction-related queries compared to using ChatGPT directly.
 - We are continually learning and making improvements as this technology progresses.
Named transformation examples
Below are some examples using named transformations that have been defined for the Cloudinary demo product environment:
 - round-if-portrait (defined as if_ar_lt_1/r_50/if_end): If the original video's aspect ratio is less than 1 (portrait), round the edges of the video.
 - portrait-resize-g_auto (defined as ar_3:4,c_fill,g_auto,h_300): Fill crop the video to a height of 300 and an aspect ratio of 3:4, automatically retaining focus on the main subject in the cropped video.
 - logo-overlay: (defined as l_cloudinary_icon_white/o_50/e_brightness:100/w_0.2,fl_relative/fl_layer_apply,g_north_east,y_0.01,x_0.01): Add a brightened and partially transparent logo to the top right of the video. Scale the logo width to be 20% of the overall video width.
Chaining named transformations

You can also chain multiple named transformations. For example, to chain the named transformations defined in the previous section (along with an additional transformation to shorten the video duration):

Chaining transformations can create long URLs, so instead you could define a named transformation that includes a chain of other transformations, including other named transformations. For example, we can create a named transformation that is a composite of the named transformations from the section above.
It is now simple to specify a single named transformation and apply it to any asset:

Where the demo-combine-named named transformation is defined as: t_round-if-portrait/t_portrait-resize-g_auto/t_logo-overlay.
Limitations of named transformations
Automatic format
The automatic format transformation parameter (f_auto) is not effective if used in named transformations.
When f_auto is used in a delivery URL, the CDN layer determines the best format to deliver. If this parameter is hidden in a named transformation then it is not visible to the CDN.
You can use f_auto together with a named transformation by chaining the components, for example, t_square/f_auto.
Automatic quality
The automatic quality transformation parameter (q_auto) is effective in named transformations, except in one situation.
When q_auto is used in a delivery URL and the browser sets the Save-Data HTTP header to on in the request, q_auto is translated to q_auto:eco at the CDN level. If this parameter is hidden in a named transformation then it is not visible to the CDN, so the default level


text:
HOW ACCELEDENT® WORKS
[accordion_shortcode class="myClass" title=""]
[accordion_content title="How does AcceleDent work?"]
AcceleDent's SoftPulse Technology® releases a safe, e ective and gentle pulsation that transmits through the roots of your teeth to the surrounding bone socket. This helps accelerate the cellular response and speeds the rate with which your teeth can move. When used in conjunction with orthodontics, AcceleDent has been clinically proven to move teeth up to 50% faster.[/accordion_content]
[accordion_content title="Is AcceleDent safe?"]
Yes. AcceleDent with SoftPulse Technology has been demonstrated to be safe and reliable in U.S. clinical trials.
[accordion_content title="How is my orthodontic treatment accelerated?"]
Your orthodontics work on their own by moving your teeth in specific directions. AcceleDent accelerates this process with SoftPulse Technology to generate small vibrations, or micropulses to enhance the movements directed by your orthodontist and allow for faster tooth movement.
HOW TO USE ACCELEDENT
[accordion_content title="Where can I find information on how to use AcceleDent?"]
Please view the Use and Care video at: _URL_-works/use-care-videos
[accordion_content title="How do I know if I am biting into the Mouthpiece with the right amount of force?"]
Bite pressure on the Mouthpiece should be just firm enough to hold AcceleDent in place without using your hands. Avoid biting forcibly on the Mouthpiece as that may cause excessive wear.
[accordion_content title="May I use my AcceleDent while I am sleeping?"]
Here are five essential questions that we will cover during the initial examination:
No, it is not recommended to use AcceleDent while sleeping.
[accordion_content title="May I use my AcceleDent when it is charging?"]
No, the AcceleDent will not turn on when the USB is engaged. If you are using your device and the the battery depletes its charge, you will need to recharge your device and start your session again.
[accordion_content title="Do I have to complete the full 20-minute session at one time?"]
Yes, it is recommended that you use your AcceleDent for a continuous 20-minute session each day.
[accordion_content title="If I need to interrupt the 20-minute session, will the device track my last usage time upon restarting the session?"]
Yes, your device will track the length of your last session as long as the interruption time does not exceed five minutes. After five minutes of being turned o, your device will operate for a full 20-minute session during your next use.
[accordion_content title="If I use my AcceleDent for more than the recommended 20-minute session time, will it add incremental benefit?"]
No, additional daily use greater than the prescribed 20-minute session is not recommended.
[accordion_content title="May I share my AcceleDent device with another person?"]
No. AcceleDent is FDA-cleared, single user prescription device. Sharing the AcceleDent device and/or the Mouthpiece is prohibited. Your orthodontist prescribed AcceleDent for your use only based upon your unique orthodontic treatment plan. Use of AcceleDent without the supervision and direction of an orthodontist may result in adverse unintended consequences.
[accordion_content title="What is indicated if my Activator stops working and displays a flashing and alternating green and orange LED indicator light?"]
The Activator will deactivate after completing the equivalent of 18 months of 20-minute daily sessions. If you are still receiving orthodontic treatment, please contact your orthodontist.
[accordion_content title="Why did the date change on my FastTrac Usage Report?"]
Your Activator will show the date and time based on your last session completed. The date on your Usage Report will reset to factory default settings if your Activator battery is fully drained (no flashing LED indicator lights or vibration). Please refer to the FastTrac Usage Report section in the Directions for Use to reset the date.
HOW TO CARE FOR ACCELEDENT
[accordion_content title="How often does my AcceleDent device need to be recharged?"]
The Activator should be recharged every three to five days based on the intended use of one 20-minute session per day. When the device is turned on, the orange indicator light will flash if the battery needs to be charged.
[accordion_content title="What is the best way to clean my AcceleDent?"]
The Mouthpiece should always be removed from the Activator and then rinsed well with lukewarm water after each use. The Activator may be wiped with a soft cloth as necessary. It is recommended that you allow your AcceleDent device to air dry before being stored in the Travel Case. Do not place the Mouthpiece or the Activator in a dishwasher as this will void the warranty and may cause damage to the product.
[accordion_content title="May I use my AcceleDent device in the shower?"]
No, AcceleDent is not moisture resistant and should not be placed in any environment where moisture is present.
[accordion_content title="What type of battery does my AcceleDent device contain?"]
AcceleDent's rechargeable battery is a medical-grade lithium polymer battery.
[accordion_content title="What should I do with my AcceleDent device once my treatment is complete?"]
You should dispose of your AcceleDent as you would any other device with a rechargeable battery. Reference the "Disposal" section of the Directions for Use manual for further details.[/accordion_content]
[accordion_content title="Is my AcceleDent device under warranty?"]
Yes, your AcceleDent is under warranty for one year providing it has been registered. To register your device, please visit: _URL_. Warranty details can be found in the Directions for Use manual.


text:
Moments of forgetfulness attributed to Alzheimer's disease could in fact be caused by a loss of vision, the Boston Globe reports, and new research asserts that cranking up contrast—by using colored dinner plates, for instance—could help. "Let's say you put keys down on the counter and can't find them," a researcher says. "People say, 'Of course she can't find them—she has Alzheimer's.' Well, what if she can't see them?"
Making Alzheimer's patients' visual environment easier to discern is a concrete way to improve their quality of life, researchers claim. One scientist found that if the contrast on a letter chart was changed, Alzheimer's patients could identify the letters as easily as non-sufferers. He also recalls the case of a woman who kept bumping into her dining room table: Her disease prevented her from remembering that she bumped into it, but adding a white tablecloth that contrasted with the dark carpet allowed her to avoid it altogether.


++ed by:
ADAMJS ARISTOTLE ARJONES AVKHOZOV AWNCORP
95 PAUSE user(s)
54 non-PAUSE user(s).
Tatsuhiko Miyagawa
NAME
Plack::App::CGIBin - cgi-bin replacement for Plack servers
SYNOPSIS
 use Plack::App::CGIBin;
 use Plack::Builder;
 my $app = Plack::App::CGIBin->new(root => "/path/to/cgi-bin")->to_app;
 builder {
 mount "/cgi-bin" => $app;
 };
 # Or from the command line
 plackup -MPlack::App::CGIBin -e 'Plack::App::CGIBin->new(root => "/path/to/cgi-bin")->to_app'
DESCRIPTION
Plack::App::CGIBin allows you to load CGI scripts from a directory and convert them into a PSGI application.
This would give you the extreme easiness when you have bunch of old CGI scripts that is loaded using cgi-bin of Apache web server.
HOW IT WORKS
This application checks if a given file path is a perl script and if so, uses CGI::Compile to compile a CGI script into a sub (like ModPerl::Registry) and then run it as a persistent application using CGI::Emulate::PSGI.
If the given file is not a perl script, it executes the script just like a normal CGI script with fork & exec. This is like a normal web server mode and no performance benefit is achieved.
The default mechanism to determine if a given file is a Perl script is as follows:
 - Check if the filename ends with .pl. If yes, it is a Perl script.
 - Open the file and see if the shebang (first line of the file) contains the word perl (like #!/usr/bin/perl). If yes, it is a Perl script.
You can customize this behavior by passing exec_cb callback, which takes a file path to its first argument.
For example, if your perl-based CGI script uses lots of global variables and such and are not ready to run on a persistent environment, you can do:
 my $app = Plack::App::CGIBin->new(
 root => "/path/to/cgi-bin",
 exec_cb => sub { 1 },
 )->to_app;
to always force the execute option for any files.
AUTHOR
Tatsuhiko Miyagawa
SEE ALSO
Plack::App::File CGI::Emulate::PSGI CGI::Compile Plack::App::WrapCGI
See also Plack::App::WrapCGI if you compile one CGI script into a PSGI application without serving CGI scripts from a directory, to remove overhead of filesystem lookups, etc.
Hosting generously
sponsored by Bytemark


Localization and language
Staring with version 3.0, JupyterLab provides the ability to set the display language of the user interface.
Language packs
To be able to provide a new display language, you will need to install a language pack.
Visit the language packs repository for a list of available packs.
Language packs are identified by the four letter code of the language and variant they provide. For example, for Simplified Chinese the language pack code is zh-CN and you can install it with conda or pip.
If you use conda with conda-forge packages:
conda install -c conda-forge jupyterlab-language-pack-zh-CN
If you use Pip:
pip install jupyterlab-language-pack-zh-CN
Changing the display language
To change the interface language, select the Settings menu and then select the desired language in the Language submenu.
The Language submenu will only list any previously installed language packs.
Selecting the new language will prompt for confirmation.
Once you accept, the browser will refresh and the interface will now be shown, for this example in Simplified Chinese.


text: Coordinates: 19°5′27″N72°53′46″E / 19.09083°N 72.89611°E / 19.09083; 72.89611The 2000 Mumbai landslide was a landslide that occurred in Ghatkopar, a suburban neighborhood located in Mumbai, India on July 12, 2000. 67 people, including 27 men, 15 women, and 15 children, were killed, while over 50 more were injured. Roughly 100 residential huts were buried in mud from the disaster. 150 personnel for the firefighters were called in on a search and rescue mission. The landslide was caused by a combination of land erosion and days of substantial rain. Since the landslide, Mumbia has been determined by the Municipal Corporation Building to contain 327 areas that are in danger of landslides, including 49 in the city and 278 in the suburbs.


text:
noun (plural same)
One of a breed of large white beef cattle.
- Other Cattle Breeds on show include Herefords, Simmentals, Charolais, Aberdeen Angus, Blonde D' Aquitaine, and Limousin.
- The Charolais and Simmental cattle on sale on Tuesday were of good quality.
- The Charolais breed of cattle since their introduction to Ireland in 1964 have made a huge impact on the livestock in this country.
Late 19th century: named after the Monts du Charollais, hills in eastern France where the breed originated.
For editors and proofreaders
Definition of Charolais in:
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
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text: This letter presents a fully autonomous robot system that possesses both terrestrial and aerial mobility. We firstly develop a lightweight terrestrial-aerial quadrotor that carries sufficient sensing and computing resources. It incorporates both the high mobility of unmanned aerial vehicles and the long endurance of unmanned ground vehicles. An adaptive navigation framework is then proposed that brings complete autonomy to it. In this framework, a hierarchical motion planner is proposed to generate safe and low-power terrestrial-aerial trajectories in unknown environments. Moreover, we present a unified motion controller which dynamically adjusts energy consumption in terrestrial locomotion. Extensive realworld experiments and benchmark comparisons validate the robustness and outstanding performance of the proposed system. During the tests, it safely traverses complex environments with terrestrial aerial integrated mobility, and achieves 7 times energy savings in terrestrial locomotion. Finally, we will release our code and hardware configuration as an open-source package.


text:
Fresh ideas about wellness grounded in totally relatable research make Andrea Marcellus' simple strategies exciting to adopt.
By encouraging small habit shifts that make a huge difference in the areas of food, exercise, hydration and daily activity, Andrea's tailored lifestyle approach to fitness and mental wellness gets lasting results in a way that's fun, easy and doesn't disrupt your already overloaded life.
Based on the real world methodology detailed in her book, The Way In: 5 Winning Strategies to Lose Weight, Get Strong & Lift Your Life, Andrea's courses and classes provide immediately useful how-to's for reducing stress, increasing energy, and building confidence through physical improvement and mental strengthening.
The trick is to live by a code that optimizes each day by mitigating time-wasting stress, eliminating energy-sapping decisions, and choosing quality over quantity in everything.
This allows you to have more time, energy, and funds available to help you ramp you life - and more importantly, the mentality to make it happen."
Level up your life in small ways every day with Andrea's practical strategies and inspirational perspective!


text:
Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur has installed a weather station in the experimental area to provide research facilities. A weather station is a facility, with instruments and equipment's for measuring atmospheric conditions to provide information for weather forecasts and to study the weather and climate.
According to the spokesman of the university Shahzad Ahmad Khalid, this instrument has been imported from the USA, engineered to handle the harshest environments and deliver data with scientific precision, year after year with a wide range of options and sensors. The measurements taken include temperature, dew, wind speed and direction, Barometric pressure, moon phase, UV and Solar radiation, rainfall and its rate and many other factors. These weather stations help to take the precautionary measures against the destructive rains, winds, severe high or low temperature.


text:
Simple program is a swiss knife for window handling. ClickOff automatically clicks button on error messages that come up all the time, fills in text, minimizes or maximizes windows and allows for the setting of additional parameters.
- Automatically clicks button on error messages that come up all the time.
- Fills in text
- Closes browser popups
- Minimizes or maximizes windows
- Delay times can be set to allow user intervention
- Single entries can be disabled temporarily
- False clicks are avoided by taking the message text into the proccess of detecting.
- To close windows that contain certain words, wildcards can be used
- The scanning speed can be set
- Can be disabled for a short period or permanently without having to be exited.
- Has very low system resource needs, takes about 1 sec. to load and doesn't slow down the system while running.
- Simple usage through hotkey support
- Has language file support
System Requirements: Win 2000/03/08/XP/Vista/7
Operating System Support: Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP, Other


text:
Drag the locators to move the lines. Each locator snaps to the nearest point with integer coordinates. The equations of the lines are displayed on the right as a two-by-two system of linear equations with integer coefficients. Provided that a unique solution exists, it will be displayed as well (the solution is the point of intersection of the two lines).
It is not hard to position the lines in such a way that the solution will also be a point with integer coordinates. This Demonstration can be used to generate thousands of such examples. Mathematics instructors can use it as a simple tool for creating problems for beginning students.
You can also use it to challenge more advanced students; for example, among all systems that can be generated here whose solution has integer coordinates, can you find one whose solution is farthest from the origin?


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Test the variables types in jinja2 templates, used here with ansible
- hosts: all
gather_facts: no
string: "string"
- item1
- item2
key1: value1
key2: value2
k1: "string"
k2: [ "item1", "item2" ]
k3: { 'i1': 'v1', 'i2': 'v2' }
- debug: msg="dict is mapping"
when: dict is mapping
- debug: msg="list is mapping"
when: list is mapping
- debug: msg="string is mapping"
when: string is mapping
- debug: msg="dict is sequence"
when: dict is sequence
- debug: msg="list is sequence"
when: list is sequence
- debug: msg="string is sequence"
when: string is sequence
- debug: msg="dict is iterable"
when: dict is iterable
- debug: msg="list is iterable"
when: list is iterable
- debug: msg="string is iterable"
when: string is iterable
- debug: msg="dict is string"
when: dict is string
- debug: msg="list is string"
when: list is string
- debug: msg="string is string"
when: string is string
- copy:
dest: /tmp/variable.txt
content: |
{% for k,v in object.iteritems() %}
{% if v is string %}string: {{ v }}
{% elif v is mapping %}{% for j,l in v.iteritems() %}{{ j }}: {{ l }}\n{% endfor %}
{% elif v is sequence %}{% for n in v %}- {{ n }}\n{% endfor %}
{% else %}huh?
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}


text:
In this tutorial I'll show you how to create a shiny planet icon using the 3D features of Photoshop CS4 Extended. This will cover basic information about 3D layers and texture maps. Let's get started!
Final Image Preview
Take a look at the image we'll be creating. Want access to the full PSD files and downloadable copies of every tutorial, including this one? Join Psd Plus for just $19/month. You can view the final image preview below.
Our video editor Gavin Steele has created this video tutorial to compliment this text + image tutorial.
Create a new document which is 1000 pixels wide and 500 pixels high at a resolution of 300 pixels/inch, with a name of "Home."
We'll be using some texture for our planet. You can get the diffuse texture from planetpixelemporium.com. Download the "color map" image from the site and place it as a new layer into your document. Rename this layer as "Earth."
Now go to 3D > New Shape From Layer > Sphere. This will wrap the layer around a sphere and this is going to be the base layer of our planet illustration.
The "Earth" layer is now a 3D layer and a cube icon is displayed in the Layers Palette. You can interact with a 3D model in a 3D layer in Photoshop. You can rotate and move the model or change the position of the camera in 3D space using the 3D tools in the Toolbox.
Grab the 3D Rotation Tool, click on the canvas, hold and drag to rotate the sphere and adjust it as you wish. Holding down the Alt or Shift keys will restrict the rotation axis.
The edges of the sphere look aliased at the moment. First we're going to fix it. Go to the Layers palette and double-click the little cube icon in the "Earth" layer to bring up the 3D Palette. Here you can make several adjustments to the 3D layer. Make sure the "Scene" is selected in the upper list and set Anti-Alias to Best. This will fix the edges.
Now click on the Global Ambient Color box and set the color to R:100, G:100, B:100 and hit OK. This will change the ambient color to a brighter one.
We'll now add a bump map to our planet. First download the "bump map" from planetpixelemporium.com and save the image to your desktop. Now go to the 3D Palette. Go to Sphere_Material and click the Edit the Bump Texture button and chose Load Texture. Select the file you have just downloaded. The "earthbump1k.jpg" file is a grayscale file and the lighter areas in this image will be bumped in our 3D sphere. We also want our planet to be glossy, so set the Glossiness to 100%.
In the 3D Palette you'll see that there are three lights. These are the default Photoshop scene lights. Now we'll change their types, colors and positions. First select the "Infinite Light 1" and change it's Color to R:150, G:150, and B:150. Now select the "Infinite Light 2" and set it's type to Point so that we can change it's position. Change it's Color to r:180, G:180, and B:180.
You can change the position of the light in the 3D scene using the Slide the Light and Drag the Light Tools in the 3D Palette. Position the gloss effect on the sphere using these tools. Now select "Infinite Light 3," set it's type to Point as well and set it's Color to R:130, G:130, and B:130.
"Infinite Light 3" is placed somewhere under the sphere. Since we're going to put the sphere on a surface and add some drop shadow later on, we just don't want any lights below it. So place the light above the sphere using the Slide and Drag Tools.
Now we'll make the clouds around the planet. Go to the Layers Palette, duplicate the "Earth" layer and name it "Clouds." Open the 3D properties panel for the "Clouds" layer. Select Sphere_Material in the upper list. Click the Edit the Diffuse Texture button and select Remove Texture. This will unload the existing texture map, and the Diffuse Color will determine how it is going to look. Set the Diffuse Color to white.
Click the Edit the Bump Texture button and choose Remove Texture to unload the bump map. Now we have a white sphere. We'll use another texture map for the clouds. Actually we'll use the white color of the Diffuse for the clouds and this texture map for the opacity. You can download the "clouds transparency" image from planetpixelemporium.com. Click the Edit the Opacity Texture button and choose Load Texture. Locate the "earthcloudmaptrans.jpg" file you have just downloaded.
The opacity texture made some parts of the sphere invisible, but obviously the wrong parts. Click the Edit the Opacity Texture button again and this time choose Open Texture. This will open the texture in a new document window. Go to Image > Adjustments > Invert. Save and close the document. Go back to the "Home.PSD" document, you'll see the opacity map is updated.
The weather seems to be too cloudy, because we can see the clouds that are on the other side through the transparent areas. Making the material one sided will fix that problem. Uncheck Two Sided. To make the clouds a little bit whiter, set Ambient and Specular colors to white. You can get the 3D Rotate Tool from the Toolbox and adjust the orientation of the clouds if you want.
To make the clouds pop out a little more set the Color of the three light to white.
Apply a Drop Shadow Layer Style to the "Clouds" layer and use these settings: Blend Mode set to Multiply, Color set to black, Opacity set at 75%, Distance set to 1px and Size set to 3px.
Now we have our planet done. Since we're going to merge our two 3D layers before we move on, this might be your last chance to change the rotation of the earth and the clouds. Drag one horizontal and one vertical Guide and snap them to the center of the earth. Go to the Layers Palette, select both the "Earth" and "Clouds" layers, merge them by going to Layer > Merge Layers. Name the merged layer "Earth".
Now grab the Elliptical Marque Tool, Hold Alt + Shift and make a circular selection starting from the center of the earth where the two guides intersect. Make a selection as shown below, which is about one pixel smaller than the earth. Go to Select > Inverse and hit Delete to clear. This will clear the drop shadow of the clouds and make the edges smoother. Hit Command + D to deselect.
Use the Move Tool to move the earth up to make room for the shadow and the reflection. Apply an Inner Shadow layer style using these settings: Blend Mode set to Multiply, Color set to black, Opacity set at 100%, Angle set to -90 degrees, Distance set to 25px and Size set to 46px. This will make the bottom part darker.
Create a new layer named "Shadow" above the "Background" layer. Grab the Elliptical Marquee Tool and make a selection as shown in the image below. Fill the selection with black and deselect. Go to Filter > Blur > Gaussian Blur and apply with a Radius of 7px. Go to Filter > Blur > Motion Blur, set the Angle to 0 and Distance to 150 px and apply.
Duplicate the "Shadow" layer. Hit Command + T, set both the Vertical and Horizontal Scale to 60% and apply. This will make a darker shadow where the sphere touches the ground.
Go to the "Earth" layer in the Layers Palette, duplicate it and name it "Reflection." Delete the Inner Shadow layer style by dragging the Effects to the Trash. Go to Edit > Transform > Flip Vertical to mirror the image. Grab the "Reflection" layer below the "Shadow" layer and position it as shown below.
Go to the Layers Palette and add a Layer Mask to the "Reflection" layer. Get the Gradient Tool, open the Gradient picker and select Black, White. Draw a gradient on the layer mask as shown below. This will make the reflection fade.
In the Layers Palette click on the "Reflection" Layer Thumbnail to select the layer itself. Go to Filter > Blur > Gaussian Blur and apply with a Radius of 2 pixels. Set the Layer Opacity at 75%. Grab the Gradient Tool and fill the "Background" layer with a light blue to white gradient.
Well that's it! I hope you enjoyed and learn something new about the 3D possibilities of Photoshop!
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text:
Dry weather is likely to prevail in most parts of the country including in federal capital Islamabad during the next twelve hours, PMD said Thursday.
Islamabad Rain Update
According to the Met Office, there are chances of light to moderate rain in Islamabad in the evening or during the night.
Islamabad Temperature Today
At noon, the mercury reaches around 32°C, humidity remains at around 70 percent. Winds blew at 4km/h. Max UV Index was recorded at 5 which is moderate, with visibility around 6km.
Islamabad Air Quality
The federal capital's air quality was recorded at 74, which is poor for human beings.
The air has reached a high level of pollution and is unhealthy for sensitive groups. Reduce time spent outside if you are feeling symptoms such as difficulty breathing or throat irritation.
Continental air is prevailing over most parts of the country. A westerly wave is likely to enter upper parts of the country on 13 evening/night.
Dry weather is expected in most parts of the country. However, rain-wind/thunderstorm is likely in upper Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Islamabad, Potohar region, Gilgit-Baltistan and Kashmir during evening/night.