CSVLogger.FILE_NAME_FORMAT.format(data.getBlock()) + ".csv");
 .equalTo("block", data.getBlock())
 return null;
 protected void onPostExecute(Void aVoid) {
 if (LocalDataLog.with().getAllSensorBlocks().size() <= 0) {
As can be seen, we look for all the stored logs, and then delete each file one after another in doInBackground(). Once all the files are deleted, onPostExecute() is called, where we make the progress bar disappear. So, this how AsyncTask is used to implement deleteAllFiles feature.
Capture Task and Fourier Transform Output of Signals in Oscilloscope.
To display the generated signal in the oscilloscope, we call captureTraces() and fetchTraces functions from the ScienceLab class. Now, both these functions communicate with the PSLab Board, request for data, receives the data, manipulates it into the desired format and then display the signal on the Oscilloscope screen. Now clearly we can't afford to run such a process on the main thread. So we use AsyncTask to handle it.
In the Oscilloscope, there is a feature to see the fourier transform output of the signal generated by the oscilloscope. Now to generate the Fourier Transform Output of the signal, we use the Fast Fourier Transform method. The time complexity of FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) is O(Nlog(N)), where N is the number of samples of the input signal. Now even if FFT is fast, we can risk to run this function on the main Thread. So once again we get help from AsyncTask.
Both of these functionalities are included in same AsyncTask Class called captureTask A snippet for this task can be seen below,
public class CaptureTask extends AsyncTask {
 private ArrayList> entries = new ArrayList<>();
 private ArrayList> curveFitEntries = new ArrayList<>();
 private Integer noOfChannels;
 private String[] paramsChannels;
 private String channel;
 protected Void doInBackground(String... channels) {
 paramsChannels = channels;
 noOfChannels = channels.length;
 try {
 double[] xData;
 double[] yData;
 ArrayList yDataString = new ArrayList<>();
 String[] xDataString = null;
 maxAmp = 0;
 for (int i = 0; i < noOfChannels; i++) {
 entries.add(new ArrayList<>());
 channel = channels[i];
 HashMap data;
 if (triggerChannel.equals(channel))
 scienceLab.configureTrigger(channelIndexMap.get(channel), channel, trigger, null, null);
 scienceLab.captureTraces(1, samples, timeGap, channel, isTriggerSelected, null);
 data = scienceLab.fetchTrace(1);
In this part of the capture Task class, we use the captureTrace() and fetchTrace() function to get the signal samples and then store them into the data variable. Below is the part where we use call the fft() for the input signal.
if (isFourierTransformSelected) {
 Complex[] yComplex = new Complex[yData.length];
 for (int j = 0; j < yData.length; j++) {
 yComplex[j] = Complex.valueOf(yData[j]);
 fftOut = fft(yComplex);
This is a very simple part where we just call the Fast Fourier Transfer function is the user has selected to see the fourier transform output. The implementation of the Fourier function can be seen below,
 public Complex[] fft(Complex[] input) {
 Complex[] x = input;
 int n = x.length;
 if (n == 1) return new Complex[]{x[0]}; // if only single element, return as it is
 if (n % 2!= 0) {
 x = Arrays.copyOfRange(x, 0, x.length - 1);
 //No of samples should be even for this function to run, so i case of odd samples we remove the last element. This doesn't affect the output significantly
 Complex[] halfArray = new Complex[n / 2];
 for (int k = 0; k < n / 2; k++) {
 halfArray[k] = x[2 * k]; // Array of input terms at even places
 Complex[] q = fft(halfArray); // recursive call for even terms
 halfArray[k] = x[2 * k + 1]; // Array of terms at odd places
 Complex[] r = fft(halfArray); // recursive call for odd terms
 Complex[] y = new Complex[n]; // Array of final output
 double kth = -2 * k * Math.PI / n;
 Complex wk = new Complex(Math.cos(kth), Math.sin(kth)); // "kernel" for kth term is the output (based on nth root of unity)
 if (r[k] == null) {
 r[k] = new Complex(1); // exception handling
 if (q[k] == null) {
 q[k] = new Complex(1); // exception handling
 y[k] = q[k].add(wk.multiply(r[k])); // kth term will be addition of odd and even terms
 y[k + n / 2] = q[k].subtract(wk.multiply(r[k])); // (k + n/2)th term will be subtraction of odd and even terms
 return y; // rsultant array
This is a classic implementation of Fast Fourier Transform. We divide the samples of input into odd and even placed terms and call the same function recursively until there is only one term left. After that we use nth (n being the number of samples) complex root of unity, we combine the results of odd termed fft() and even termed fft() to get the final output. Since at each iteration we are breaking the input into half it will run for O(logN) time and to merge the odd and even termed output we run a loop in each iteration on the O(N). So the total complexity would be O(NlogN), and since it might take longer to compute the fourier transform for large input we require it to be inside the AsyncTask and not on the main thread.
There are many other functionalities throughout the app, where AsyncTask has been used. In a nutshell, AsyncTask is a very useful method to handle longer tasks off the main thread.
Tags: PSLab, Android, GSoC 19, AsyncTask, Threading
Continue Reading Examples of how AsyncTask is used in PSLab Android App
How to use and implement Save Wave Configs feature in Pocket Science Lab Wave Generator
What is a Wave Generator?
A Wave Generator is one of the most important features of PSLab. It is used to generate different kinds of waves like, sine, triangular, square, PWM. Wave generator UI is as under:
 (Figure 1 : Wave Generator Analog Mode UI)
 (Figure 2 : Wave Generator Digital Mode UI)
As can be seen the Screenshot above user is provided with options to set Frequency, Phase, Duty of different waves and once configurations are set user can either output the waves in Oscilloscope or can compare different waves in Logic Analyzer.
What is Save Wave Configs Feature?
 (Figure 3 : Wave Generator Control Buttons (View,Save,Mode))
In this feature, the user is given a "Save" button to use this feature.
The reason to add this feature is that, sometimes we need to perform the same experiment multiple times, is such scenarios if we have to set wave configurations everytime, it will become boring and there will be chances of errors. Hence using the save configs feature, user can currently set configurations in the Local Storage and can use it anytime later.
Further since the Wave Configurations are saved on Local Storage as.CSV file, a user can save configs and can share the file with others so others can as well set their device to same configurations. The saved Wave Configurations can be seen in the DataLogger Activity and opening a saved log would take the user to Wave Generator Activity where all the configs will be set as per the saved log.
A sample CSV of the log data can be seen below.
(Figure 4: Wave Configs CSV file)
How is Save Configs Feature Implemented
The implementation of this feature is quite simple. There is a class named WaveData. With the parameters of Mode(Square or PWM), Wave name, Shape, Freq, Phase and Duty. Whenever the user clicks the save configs button, the saveWaveConfigs() function is called. This function fetches set values of different fields and creates realm objects and also write them to csv file as shown above. Once the realm objects are created, this log can be seen in the Data Logger Activity. The code to generate the realm object for the wave configs (that is the implementation of the function saveWaveConfig()) is given below.
public void saveWaveConfig(View view) {
 long block = System.currentTimeMillis();
 long timestamp;
 double lat, lon;
 String data = "Timestamp,DateTime,Mode,Wave,Shape,Freq,Phase,Duty,lat,lon\n";
 recordSensorDataBlockID(new SensorDataBlock(block, getResources().getString(R.string.wave_generator)));
So till now in the function, we create a header string for the data to be stored in the csv file. We create a block from the current system time. This block will be used to save all the realm object for this function, so all the objects created at this instance will be grouped as a single log entry in DataLoggerActivity.
double freq1 = (double) (WaveGeneratorCommon.wave.get(WaveConst.W


text:
vilagus bachmani), the tapeti is a natural reservoir for the myxoma virus. This relationships was discovered by Brazilian physician Henrique de Beaurepaire Rohan Aragão in the 1940s. The virus causes a benign cutaneous fibroma in its hosts, but it causes the lethal disease myxomatosis, in European rabbits.
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sylvilagus brasiliensis.|
|Wikispecies has information related to: Sylvilagus brasiliensis|
- Hoffman, R. S.; Smith, A. T. (2005). "Order Lagomorpha". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. Mammal Species of the World (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 208–209. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
- Mexican Association for Conservation and Study of Lagomorphs (AMCELA), Romero Malpica, F.J. & Rangel Cordero, H. (2008). "Sylvilagus brasiliensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.1. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 2013-09-02.
- Linnaeus, Carolus (1758). Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Tomus I. (in Latin) (10th ed.). Holmiae (Stockholm): Laurentii Salvii. p. 58.
- Wilson, Don E.; Reeder, DeeAnn M. (2005). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. JHU Press. p. 208. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.
- Schubert, Blaine W.; Mead, Jim I.; Graham, Russell W.; Denver Museum of Nature and Science (2003). Ice Age Cave Faunas of North America. Indiana University Press. p. 278. ISBN 978-0-253-34268-3.
- Eisenberg, John F. (2000). Mammals of the Neotropics, Volume 3: Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil. University of Chicago Press. p. 519. ISBN 978-0-226-19542-1.
- Emmons, Louise H.; Feer, Francois (1997). Neotropical Rainforest Mammals, A Field Guide.
- Wainwright M, Arias O. (2007). The Mammals of Costa Rica: A Natural History and Field Guide. Comstock. p. 239. ISBN 978-0-8014-4589-7.
- Chapman, Joseph A.; Flux, John E. C. (1990). Rabbits, Hares and Pikas: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. IUCN. p. 100. ISBN 978-2-8317-0019-9.
- Williams Elizabeth S.; Barker, Ian K. (9 January 2008). Infectious Diseases of Wild Mammals. John Wiley & Sons. p. 183. ISBN 978-0-470-34481-1.
- Williamson, M. (1996). Biological Invasions. Springer. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-412-59190-7.
- Kerr, Peter J. (2012). "Myxomatosis in Australia and Europe: A model for emerging infectious diseases". Antiviral Research 93 (3): 387–415. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.01.009. PMID 22333483.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


What Ashley Madison hackers can teach us about adultery and divorce
Ashley Madison Leak - Man's collar with lipstick markLast week Ashley Madison, the website that is marketed as an online dating service for "discreet encounters" and "extramarital affairs," was hacked.
Those responsible threatened to release information about millions of the website's customers who have engaged in such casual encounters.
This led to widespread speculation (albeit highly unlikely) that there would be a run on divorce filings across the country should spouses learn that their loved one was among Ashley Madison's clients. It also has led to questions about how infidelity is handled in the divorce process. The answer depends upon where you live.
Florida, for example, is a no-fault divorce state. This means that anyone can file for divorce and get it simply on the grounds that they no longer are compatible.
Judges, for the most part, are not interested in couple's dirty little secrets or internal bickering. However, when it comes to adultery, the victim could have more of an upper hand when it comes time to dividing marital assets, child custody and alimony – if certain criteria are met.
Judges generally follow Florida's equitable distribution statute. However, if a spouse's cheating results in a diminishment of the couple's assets (for example, the husband used the couple's shared savings to provide his girlfriend with a place to live or bought her expensive gifts), then the judge can take that into consideration when it comes time to distribute assets.
Also, if the cheating spouse and the person with whom they are having an extramarital affair conspire to hide marital assets, that could be considered a violation of that spouse's fiduciary duty to protect and disclose marital assets. Such a conspiracy would be relevant when the court determines how to distribute marital assets and debts.
It also can impact decisions relating to child custody, but most likely will not. Judges are supposed to first look at what is in the best interest of the child. So, the question would become how does this adulterous relationship impact the child? Adultery can bring into question the "moral fitness" of the parent, but most judges agree that a parent's behavior while away from a child has no bearing on a custdy decision. Also, introducing a new love interest to the children during the course of the divorce may not be considered in the child's best interest and the court may take that into consideration when developing a parenting plan.
The courts also can take adultery into consideration when setting alimony, especially if a judge finds that the person engaging in the adulterous behavior spent the couple's marital assets on the person with whom they were having an affair. Fla. Stat. 61.08 does permit a Florida divorce court to consider adultery of each spouse and the circumstances in the determining the amount of alimony, if any, is to be awarded.
People cheat on their spouses for many reasons. This latest hacking incident involving Ashley Madison only serves to show that those who engage in such infidelity not only might end up in divorce court, but also might end up on the losing end when it comes to dividing assets, child custody and alimony.
Lori Barkus is a Florida Supreme Court Certified Circuit Civil and Family Law mediator and guardian ad litem. She handles matters relating to divorce, custody, child support, paternity, collaborative divorce, adoption, parental rights, and family law and civil mediation.
Ms. Barkus is a cum laude graduate of the University of Miami School of Law. She is admitted to practice in Florida, Georgia and the District of Columbia, as well as in the Southern and Middle Districts of Florida and the Eleventh Judicial Circuit Court of Appeals. She is also a member of Leading Women for Shared Parenting.
If you are interested in a consultation or have questions do not hesitate to contact Barkus Law. Simply click hereand send us a message and we will get right back to you.
Leave a Reply


How do you program a ORP probe on a Sigma 950?
Document ID
Document ID TE8123
Version
Version 1.0
Status
Status Published
Published Date
Published Date 07/24/2017
Question
How do you program a ORP probe on a Sigma 950?
Summary
Programming the ORP probe on a Sigma 950.
Answer
 1. From the Main Menu select Options, Advanced Options, Datalog.
 2. Select the inputs by using the up and down keys, then press Select.
 3. Select the ORP probe by using the up and down keys, then press Select.
 4. Press Change Choice to cycle between logged and not logged, then press Accept for when your choice is highlighted.
 5. Enter a logging interval using the numerical keypad, then press Accept. Note: all valid intervals are in the status bar at the bottom of the screen.
 6. The meter is now logging the ORP probe. Press Return and then Main Menu to get back to the main menu.
Was this answer helpful?
Submitting...
Thank you for your feedback!
There was an error with your submission. Please try again.


text:
General Purpose Water-based Condensation Particle Counter 3787
Request A Quote
TSI's Model 3787 General Purpose Water-based Condensation Particle Counter (GP-WCPC) can detect airborne particles down to 5 nm in diameter using state-of-the-art, water-based condensation particle counting technology. With a high sample flow rate of 0.6 LPM, the versatile Model 3787 is a good choice for low concentration measurements, yet it is also capable of measuring up to 250,000 particles/cm
using exclusively single particle counting. The carefully designed flow path, high flow rate, and sophisticated electronics used in the Model 3787 result in a rise time of <
This utilitarian instrument can be employed as a stand-alone counter or it can be used as a component of a TSI
, a submicron sizing system.
Features and Benefits
- 5 nanometer detection
- < 300 millisecond rise time response
- High aerosol flow rate for enhanced counting statistics
- Convenient, eco-friendly water as working fluid
th second data reporting
- Built-in SMPS™ spectrometer compatibility
- 6" color touch screen with graphical interface
- USB flash drive data storage option
- Built in Ethernet capability
- Advanced instrument diagnostics
The GP-WCPC Model 3787 is suitable for many particle-counting applications due to its comprehensive set of specifications, but the convenience of using water for the measurement of submicron particles makes it well suited for:
- Indoor research applications
- Ambient air research
- Inhalation or exposure chamber studies
- Health effects studies
Learn how to purchase a
GP-WCPC Model 3787 for less
Can the CPC be operated with different carrier gases?
Yes, but only inert gases.
How does the water CPC performance compare to CPCs that use butanol?
Laboratory and field tests show excellent agreement and correlation between the water CPC (Model 3785) and butanol CPCs (Models 3010, 3025A and 3022A) for particles larger than about 20–30 nm. Preliminary test results can be viewed in a poster presentation by S. Hering, M. Stolzenburg, F. Quant and D. Oberreit (2003 AAAR Annual Conference, Anaheim, CA) at _URL_. Additional test data will soon be submitted for publication.
How frequently should I have the CPC serviced?
We recommend the CPC be returned for annual maintenance service. Your company's Quality Management System may specify a more or less frequent service interval based on history, use and criticality of the measurement. The Standard Annual Service includes:Perform an 'AS FOUND' operational and calibration check.Replace tubing, o-rings and water wick.Clean optics, flow path and all wetted parts.Update firmware/software.Perform operational check.Calibrate flows.Calibrate photometric mode using sodium chloride aerosol.
How pure does the water need to be?
We recommend using water that is distilled or purer.
How sensitive is the instrument to flooding?
While fairly insensitive to flooding, several precautionary measures will help avoid this condition. Do not tip the instrument more than 10 degrees in any direction. Avoid large pressure fluctuations or restrictions in flow at the sample inlet (>25 cm water at 1.0 liter/minute). When accessing the reservoir for cleaning or drying, always lay the instrument on its side with the Fill and Drain connectors on the bottom.
Is the counting efficiency for each CPC determined individually?
No. The CPC efficiency curve has been determined by testing a statistically valid number of CPCs and averaging the results to obtain the curve published in the product literature. Variation between units is very small.
What is the final droplet size after growth by condensation?
This question has been investigated, theoretically, by Ahn and Liu (1990). For the initial particle diameters of 5 and 20 nm, the computation results show a final droplet size of 11.3 and 12.3 micrometers, respectively (Ahn and Liu, 1990). Similar experimental results have also been determined.


text:
When selecting a suitable pyranometer for photovoltaic (PV) monitoring, Solare Datensysteme GmbH selected the Lufft WS501-UMB All-in-one weather station.
According to the Company, the WS501-UMB Pyranometer delivers the most precise measurements for the overall irradiance and serves to measure the exact local prevailing overall irradiance at large plants.
Benefits of the WS501 All-in-One Sensor:
Calibrated high precision device to measure the irradiance at a plant.
Smart integration into Solar-Log web portal - thereby recording of the energy efficiency of a PV plant (direct comparison of PV plants with a pyranometer).
Measurement of weather data such as temperature, wind speed, wind direction, humidity and air pressure. This provides information on the influence of weather conditions on the performance of a PV plant.
Another Company - Meteocontrol GmbH, also uses the compact weather stations WS501-UMB and WS600-UMB with their PV monitoring.


text:
Capital Chips (Part 2)
This lesson printed from:
Posted July 30, 2002
Author: Council for Economic Education Technology Staff
Posted: July 30, 2002
Updated: June 10, 2009
Through the use of a historical timeline of the capital investments made by the company the resulting benefits will be examined. The benefits from the capital investments of Herr Foods, Inc. will be related to their effect on the standard of living. Then students will visit one of three websites, select an innovation/invention of their choice to analyze in terms of its impact on productivity and the standard of living. Finally, the teacher will select one invention/innovation from a designated website and have students analyze it in the same economic terms as the focus of this lesson and write an essay summarizing the innovation/invention.
Productivity is a measurement of output resulting from the use of productive resources or inputs. It refers to the amount of output per unit of input over a period of time. An increase in productivity may mean producing the same amount with fewer inputs, producing more output with the same inputs, or a combination of the two. Companies look for ways to maintain and increase the level of productivity in order to remain competitive while maintaining profits. One way of accomplishing this is through investing in capital goods such as machines, tools, and new ideas used in the production process. Technological improvements in capital goods are a leading cause of increase in productivity.
After completing the following activities, your students will develop a better understanding of the economics associated with productivity. In the first activity your students will explore the concepts that are connected to productivity. In the second activity your students will investigate the Herr's Potato Chips, a company that is constantly working at incorporating new techniques to satisfy the customer. Finally, in the third activity your students will use the Internet to search for inventors and inventions. Their task is to find an invention they would like to learn more about and learn how that invention improves its environment. After your students complete all three parts to this lesson they will find a series of questions that will explore what they have learned from Capital Chips about productivity.
Part 2 Introduction:
The students are going to take a tour of the Herr's Foods Inc in this lesson. Herr's Potato Chips have been on the market for the past 50 years. The company is constantly working at incorporating new techniques to satisfy the customer. The students' job will be to see how these new techniques improve the company and benefits the customer.
- Point out to the students that they will learn about some actual investments in capital resources that have increased productivity for one company in particular. They will learn how Herr's Foods, Inc. increased its productivity over the years through a variety of investments in capital resources.
- Divide the students into 10 groups. Assign each group a year (or point on the Herr's Foods timeline).
- Direct all groups to click on the first entry of the timeline and read it so that each group understands the beginnings of the Herr's Potato Chip factory business.
- Direct the students to click on the point on the Herr's timeline that corresponds to the date(s) that they were assigned.
- Tell the students to answer the following questions using the information they obtain from the timeline for the year assigned.
- What was the capital investment, new idea, or innovation that occurred during this time frame on the Herr's timeline?
- How did this change increase the productivity of the Herr's potato chip business?
- What was the impact of this change on the consumer, producer, and worker?
- Direct all groups to click on the last entry of the Herr's Foods timeline and explore it so that each group has an understanding of the progress Herr's Foods, Inc. has made.
- At the end of this part of the lesson involving Herr's Foods lesson (or at the end of the entire lesson), plan to have a variety of Herr's products for the students to enjoy.
The students have now applied the concepts from the previous activity to a real-life business. Next the students will get a closer look at an innovation or invention, to see how they can be used in a business.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
35 years. For every 100 females there are 87.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 82.9 males.
The median income for a household in the city is $30,078, and the median income for a family is $35,438. Males have a median income of $31,767 versus $26,832 for females. The per capita income for the city is $16,978. 22.9% of the population and 18.8% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 30.6% of those under the age of 18 and 18.0% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
Colleges and universities
See: List of schools in Maryland
Baltimore is a sister city of these municipalities:
Museums and Attractions
Defunct (or moved) Sports Teams
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License at _URL_
You may copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
You must provide a link to _URL_
To view or edit this article at Wikipedia go to _URL_


1. The act of dissolving, sundering, or separating into component parts; separation. Dissolutions of ancient amities. (Shak)
2. Change from a solid to a fluid state; solution by heat or moisture; liquefaction; melting.
3. Change of form by chemical agency; decomposition; resolution. The dissolution of the compound. (South)
4. The dispersion of an assembly by terminating its sessions; the breaking up of a partnership. Dissolution is the civil death of Parliament. (Blackstone)
5. The extinction of life in the human body; separation of the soul from the body; death. We expected immediate dissolution. (Milton)
6. The state of being dissolved, or of undergoing liquefaction. A man of continual dissolution and thaw. (Shak)
7. The new product formed by dissolving a body; a solution.
8. Destruction of anything by the separation of its parts; ruin. To make a present dissolution of the world. (Hooker)
9. Corruption of morals; dissipation; dissoluteness.
Origin: oe. Dissolucioun dissoluteness, f. Dissolution, fr. L. Dissolutio, fr. Dissolvere. See dissolve.
Retrieved from "_URL_
First | Previous (Dissociative recombination) | Next (Dissolutions) | Last


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Can anyone tell me why do I have attribute table text on my layers in ArcMap 10 and how I can get rid of those texts? I have no idea when the texts appeared into my workspace. I have been digitizing and copying and pasting polygons from layer to another. However, the texts seems not to be part of any layer because they stay on the screen even I chance the visibility of all my layers.
Printscreen-picture of my view
share|improve this question
Open a new mxd to where you drag your layers one by one. Then you can narrow down which layer the text is associated to, if any. You don't seem to have overly many layers, so shouldn't be too time consuming. – Martin Feb 12 '14 at 8:47
Thanks for the tip! That solved it! The text was not part of any layer (like I assumed) and didn't appear in the new mxd. – Blueridge Feb 12 '14 at 8:59
2 Answers 2
The text you see is the result of Paste operation. The most likely reason for that is that you had either created a report in ArcMap or copied rows from Attribute table by using Copy (or just Ctrl-C shortcut). This piece of data was stored in your operation system clipboard and when you were trying to copy/paste a layer in the table of contents or a feature, you have pasted what you had latest in the clipboard which were those rows.
You will likely be able to select this object by using the Select Elements tool on the Standard toolbar and then delete it.
share|improve this answer
+1 I think you've nailed the steps that would have led to the symptom seen. – PolyGeo Feb 12 '14 at 9:55
Not knowing the history of this map it is not possible to be certain, but from the description of what solved it, I would say that you were seeing Graphic Text that was created in your map at some point in time.
There is an Online Hep Page entitled Essential annotation and graphic text concepts that may be worth reviewing if you want to know more about Graphic Text (and Annotation).
If they are Graphic Text then they should be selectable for deletion (with the Delete key) by using Edit | Select All Elements.
share|improve this answer
Thank you all! The texts were indeed Graphic Text. I pasted some texts again for testing and I was able to delete the texts by Edit | Select All Elements (and Delete key). Much easier than dragging all layers to new mxd! – Blueridge Feb 13 '14 at 13:46
Your Answer


text:
Fatal Army Air Forces Aviation Accidents in the United States, _PHONE_
During World War II, the air over the continental United States was a virtual third front. The little-known statistics are alarming: the Army Air Forces lost more than 4,500 aircraft in combat against Japanese army and naval air forces in the war. During the same time, the AAF lost more than 7,100 aircraft in the United States to accidents in training and transportation. Such accidents claimed the lives of more than 15,530 pilots, crewmembers and ground personnel, and the stories of their deaths are largely forgotten.
This work chronicles the 6,350 known fatal AAF aircraft accidents that occurred in the continental United States from January 1941 through December 1945. Each crash summary, based on official records, provides details such as crash location and cause, the people involved and the type and number of aircraft. An aircraft serial number index, a record of AAF aircraft still listed as missing, crash statistics and a directory of AAF stations in the United States are included.
82 pages matching Investigation revealed in this book
Results 1-3 of 82
What people are saying - Write a review
We haven't found any reviews in the usual places.
Accident Classification Committee aircraft airplane crashed airplane had taken Airport Alabama altitude Army Air Base Army Air Field Barksdale Field bombardier burst into flames California Capt Cessna AT-17 civilian climb co-pilot collided in mid-air crashed while attempting crewmembers Dale Mabry Field dive exploded into flames feet flames upon impact flew Florida flying forced landing formation Georgia glider gunner Gunter Field instructor Investigation revealed Investigators speculated Kelly Field killing 2Lt killing A/C killing pilot 2Lt killing the crew landing gear left wing low altitude Luke Field maneuver miles east miles north miles northwest miles south mission North American AT-6A nose parachuted to safety passenger pilot lost plane port wing propeller pulled radio operator runway seriously injuring ship smashed South Carolina SSgt stalled and spun steep struck the ground student A/C take-off Texas training flight TSgt turn Vultee BT-13A witnesses wreckage


ame($old,$_) – reinierpost Aug 7 '14 at 11:57
zmv
The zsh shell has a powerful batch rename command called zmv.
First you need to enable the zmv command as follows (this can go into your ~/.zshrc).
autoload zmv
The basic syntax is zmv PATTERN REPLACEMENT. The pattern is a shell glob expression. Parts of the pattern can be surrounded by parentheses. The replacement text can contain $1, $2, etc. to refer to the Nth parenthesised group in the pattern. For example:
zmv 'image(*.png)' '$1'
You can also ask zsh to automatically define $1, $2, etc. to match the wildcard characters in the pattern:
zmv -w 'image*.png' '$1.png'
share|improve this answer
2
sweeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeet. yet another reason i should be learning zsh. – ixtmixilix Oct 11 '11 at 13:16
1
@ixtmixilix what's to learn? Just start using it and perhaps add prezto (_URL_-ionescu/prezto) for some extra awesomeness. – Gerry Aug 15 '12 at 8:09
Your Answer

discard
By posting your answer, you agree to the privacy policy and terms of service.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question.


text:
How UH helped save Hawai'i's papayas
By Andrew Hashimoto
Picture Hawai'i without papayas. Breakfasts lose their tropical flavor. Crates vanish from shipping docks. More than 200 farms disappear.
Advertiser library photo November 2001
The papaya ringspot virus, spread by diseased plants, nearly wiped out the Big Island's crop, valued at $16 million.
Advertiser library photo November 2001
For generations, the papaya ringspot virus, or PRSV, threatened the livelihood of Hawai'i's papaya farmers. It was discovered on O'ahu in the 1940s and devastated papaya production. By the mid-1980s, more than 90 percent of the state's papayas were grown in the Big Island's Puna district.
The removal of infected trees in neighboring areas kept Puna virus-free for decades, but time was not on the growers' side.
Knowing that Puna's luck wouldn't last forever, researchers from UH-Manoa's College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, Cornell University, the U.S. Department of Agriculture and private industry began work to develop a papaya genetically engineered to resist the virus.
They thought that if a papaya made one of the proteins from the virus, it might be immune to PRSV, just as vaccines made of proteins from viruses or bacteria trigger human defenses against diseases.
They were on the right track.
In May 1992, PRSV invaded Puna. By late 1994, nearly half of the district's papaya fields were infected, and farmers were going out of business. The research team raced against the virus as papaya yields collapsed: Between 1992 and 1998, the Big Island's papaya harvest shrank by 50 percent, and yields per acre dropped 35 percent.
Meanwhile, the transgenic "Rainbow" papaya underwent years of rigorous testing. Three federal agencies USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, the Environmental Protection Agency and the Food and Drug Administration all concluded the "Rainbow" papaya was safe, wholesome and had the same nutritional value as other papayas.
"Rainbow" seeds were given free to the state's struggling papaya farmers in May 1998, six years after PRSV first hit Puna. "Rainbow" fruit went on the market the following year.
By 2001, Puna was producing 40 million pounds of papaya, up more than 50 percent from 1998. Today, "Rainbow" papaya makes up more than 50 percent of the state's papaya acreage.
If "Rainbow" had not been introduced, there would be no papaya industry on the Big Island. The virus-free acres planted in "Rainbow" create a buffer that slows the spread of PRSV to susceptible plants and allows farmers to grow nontransgenic (or non-GM, not genetically modified) varieties such as "Kapoho."
Today, growers in Puna can produce non-GM fruit for markets that want it, including Japan, which does not accept GM papaya.
Transgenic papaya is deregulated, and all tests have judged it safe to eat. While pollination of non-GM papaya trees by GM papaya pollen does not pose a health or safety risk, we recognize that it is a concern for organic growers who define their produce as 100 percent GM-free.
It's important to note, however, that papaya farmers will not lose their organic certification because their non-GM trees have been cross-pollinated by GM pollen, producing papayas that have no GM flesh but do contain some GM seeds.
Under USDA regulations, fruit from non-GM papaya that has been cross-pollinated by GM pollen can be sold as organic if the grower can document that, except for the cross-pollination, the crop was grown according to organic standards and that every effort was made to avoid cross-pollination.
Our college has helped growers of GM and non-GM papayas develop procedures that enable both kinds of farming operations to coexist.
The College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources is working to ensure the quality of UH papaya seeds. The recent report that some of our non-GM papaya seeds may have resulted from cross-pollination is a concern because we want the contents of UH seed packets to match their labels.
Data provided by Genetic ID, a commercial laboratory that analyzed seed and leaf samples for GMO-Free Kaua'i/Hawai'i Genetic Engineering Action Network, indicate that a very small fraction of the UH "Waimanalo" seeds tested (about 0.2 percent) resulted from cross-pollination by GM pollen. This is a very low level of cross-pollination for commercial papaya, and recent studies of "Waimanalo" seed failed to detect any GM seed.
We are committed to producing high-quality seeds for Hawai'i's farmers and gardeners and will continue to monitor seed production to ensure that.
The University of Hawai'i supports the coexistence of all forms of agriculture. We try to find approaches that best meet farmers' needs, whether through conventional cultivation, integrated pest management, organic production or genetic engineering.
We strongly believe that conventional agriculture, organic farming and biotechnology can coexist, and transgenic papaya is a fine example of this.
Andrew Hashimoto is dean of the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources at the University of Hawai'i-Manoa.


text:
In region R
0 In region L (50)
(0 In region R
eiωτ ∼ eiω ln(−u) In region L (51)
Let ψMin1,ω be the Minkowski modes corresponding to the positive frequency solution. These Minkowski modes will have contributions of all Rindler modes with forward moving modes, forward from the point of view if Minkowski observer. These are the ψR,ωRin and ψL,ωRin †modes. Therefore the Minkowski modes will be of the form:
ψMin1,ω = N
(aψR,ω In region R
bψL,ω† In region L (52)
where a, b are some constants and N is a normalization factor. Furthermore we require analyticity around u = 0. When analytically continue the R modes into the L region (where u is negative) we obtain:
ψR,ωRin ∼ e−iω ln(u) = e−iω ln((−1)(−u))= e−iω ln(−u)e−ωπ∼ e−πωψL,ωRin † (53) So our positive frequency Minkowski modes become:
ψR,ωRin+ e−πωψL,ωRin †
/(1 − e−2πω)12 (54)
Similarly the negative frequency Minkowskki modes are:
ψRinL,ω+ e−πωψRin †R,ω
/(1 − e−2πω)12 (55)
Using these relations we can relate the creation and annihilation operators of the left and right wedges to the creation and annihilation operators of the positive and negative frequency modes, which will denote with b1, b†1, b2, b†2.
/(1 − e−2πω)12 (56)
/(1 − e−2πω)12 (57)
/(1 − e−2πω)12 (58)
/(1 − e−2πω)12 (59)
As these operators are related non-trivially we need to take care on what state we act. For example if we act with an Minkowski annihilation operator on the Rindler vacuum we observe the following.
b1,ω|0, Rini =
/(1 − e−2πω)12 |0, Ri |0, Li (60)
= − e−πω (1 − e−2πω)12
|0, Ri |1, Li (61)
Thus what is empty space for a Rindler observer is not empty for a Minkowski observer, and vice versa.
This is called the Unruh effect.
It is important to note that the Minkowski modes used are not the Minkowski modes that are usually used.
They are labelled with some frequency ω, while usually we label them with momentum k. The relation between these different Minkowski modes is non-trivial, however, they do contain the same information.
2.6 Entangled state as ground state
As shown in the last section the Minkowski vacuum is not equal to the Rindler vacuum. However, as Minkowski space-time and Rindler space-time describe the same space there should be a corresponding Rindler state for the Minkowski vacuum. Therefore the Minkowski vacuum can be rewritten on the basis of Rindler n-particle states.
|0, Mini =X
cm,n|m, Li |n, Ri (62)
To remove all non-physical states we set cm,n = 0 for all m < 0 or n < 0. If we act with an Minkowski annihilation operator on this state it should give zero.
b1,ω|0, Mini = 1 (1 − e−2πω)12
aR,ω− e−πωa†L,ω X
cm,n|m, Li |n, Ri (63)
(1 − e−2πω)12 X
m + 1e−πω+ cm+1,n+1
n + 1) |m + 1, Li |n, Ri (64)
This should be zero for all Rindler states, therefore:
n + 1e−πω= cm+1,n+1√
m + 1 (65)
A similar procedure for b2,ω gives:
m + 1e−πω= cm+1,n+1
n + 1 (66)
These two equations together with cm,n = 0 for all m < 0 or n < 0 give that only the diagonal elements are non-zero, or more specific:
cn,n= c0,0e−nπω (67)
for positive n. Therefore the normalized Minkowski vacuum is
|0, Mini =Y
(1 − e−2πωj)12
e−njπωj|nj, Li |nj, Ri
For a Rindler observer who can only observe the right wedge this looks like a thermal ensemble. We trace out the left system as the Rindler observer in the right wedge is unable to intact with the left side.
|0, Mini h0, Min| (69)
(1 − e−2πωj)
e−2njπωj|nj, Ri hnj, R|
Which is density matrix corresponding to thermal ensemble of T = 2π1 . Another way to obtain the temperature is to calculate the spectrum of Rindler particles of the Minkowski vacuum.
NR,ω = a†R,ωaR,ω (71)
h0, Min| NR,ω|0, Mini = (1 − e−2πω)
hnj, R| hnj, L| NR,ω|nj, Li |nj, Ri (72)
e2πω− 1 (73)
Which is the Planck's law corresponding to the black body radiation with a temperature of T = 2π1 . There- fore we can rewrite all physics from the Minkowski space-time into the physics of the Rindler space-time, which closely resembles the behaviour of a black hole. The main difference is that where the Minkowski vacuum corresponds to an empty state for a Minkowski observer it is not empty for a Rindler observer.
However, combining the four Rindler wedges, the correspondence between the creation and annihilation between the different wedges and the correspondence between Rindler and Minkowski modes together with the entangled state just discussed, we have obtained a smooth description which is equivalent to the normal Minkowski description.
3 Pertubations to the Hartle-Hawking state
In 1976 Israel proposed that the space-time of a black hole can be described as an entangled state .
|Ψi = 1 pZ(β)
e−βEn/2|Eni1× |Eni2 (74) This is called the Hartle-Hawking state. Writing a real time thermal field as two entangled systems is used in thermofield dynamics as a mathematical tool. However, for black holes this method might by provide a description that can be used to describe the inside of a black hole.
We have already noted that the Rindler space-time closely resembles that of the space close to the horizon of a black hole, moreover the Rindler state (68) corresponding to the Minkowski vacuum is an entangled states of the form (74). If we drop normalization we have
e−βEn/2|Eni1× |Eni2 (75)
|0, Mini ∼X
e−nπω|n, Li × |n, Ri (76)
Where for the Rindler states we have β = T−1= 2π and En= nω. For the energy of the Rindler state we have dropped the zero point energy which will be taken care of by the normalization. Then these equations are the same. The Rindler space resembles a black hole even in this regard. If we only have information on the right wedge of Rindler space, or similarly the right outside the black hole patch, we can change the state without it affecting our physics. For example
|Ψi = 1 pZ(β)
eiδ(n,ω)e−βEn/2|Eni1× |Eni2 (77) where δ(n, ω) is some real function of n and ω. This state has the same physics outside the black hole. It has the same entanglement entropy, the same temperature. Requiring that all these phases are zero is fine tuning of an infinite number of parameters. We will discuss the effect of such a random phase in the next sections.
3.1 Simple phase changes
First we will discuss a group of phase changes with a clear interpretation. As stated in section 2.1 the direction of the flow of time as we have defined follows a Killing field. Therefore time evolution using the following Hamiltonian will leave the system invariant.
H = HR− HL (78)
Where HR and HL are the Hamiltonians of the right and left wedge respectively. This corresponds to the time flowing 'up' in the right wedge and 'down' in the right wedge, as depicted in figure 2. If we let the time flow 'up' in both wedges the system will not be invariant under time evolution of the corresponding Hamiltonian.
H = H˜ R+ HL (79)
Which changes the state as follows (looking only at a single frequency):
e−i(HR+HL)t|0, Mini = (1 − e−2πω)12
e−


text:
Key aspects for successful battery regeneration
What is important for bringing a good results from regeneration
Productivity of Work
We believe that the time of Human beings is too valuable. It should not be wasted on the simple and manual and time-consuming tasks, which could (and should) be carried-out by the machine. This is why we made our machines to be fully autonomous, with minimal human intervention needed during the regeneration process.
Regeneration Effectiveness/Success Rate
Regeneration Effectiveness is the ability to restore the lost capacity of the battery. The more capacity restored the better, ofcourse. We are working hard to maximize our success rate in order to bring the best possible results from the regeneration.
Regeneration Process Duration
Batteries either back up, or power some important equipment (UPS or forklift for example), that usually can't stay disconnected for long. Because batteries are a relatively expensive device, the customer usually does not have reserve batteries to replace the ones, which are being regenerated. From this reason it is important to reduce regeneration time, in order to minimize the idle time, during which batteries are not available to the customer.
Logistics & Mobility
Regeneration can be carried out in our specialized workshop or directly at the place of the customer. In our workshop we can provide batteries the best possible service, but then the logistics play it's role.
Batteries represent a dangerous (toxic) load and their transportation must meet certain criteria. In the case of longer distances, the transportation of batteries can extend the overall duration of the regeneration process, thus make batteries unavailable for the customer for a longer time. Longer distances increase the costs too.
For reasons listed above, the mobility plays an important role. Our technology is built in such a way that the process of regeneration can also be fully realized at the customer's place. Not only that are our regenerators portable, but they are also fully manageable remotely, over the Internet. Our regenerators located and working at Customer's place are capturing and recording the same type of data and in the same extent, as those located in our professional workshop.
Extent and quality of the output information
During the regeneration process, we collect a fairly large amount of data on batteries. We consider it important to provide our customers with a comprehensive regeneration output in the form of a report that provides an overall detailed picture of the condition of the battery.
The report shows the status of the battery before regeneration and of course after regeneration. It is clear from the report what particular benefits the battery regeneration has brought.
By continuing to improve our analytics software, we are also working to make better our regeneration output and predict future battery status. Based on the current state of the battery and a database with a wide set of data from previous regenerations, we try to estimate the expected development of the technical state and health of the battery in the future.
Price for the Service
Once you perform the regeneration, it should bring a good results
The Regeneration Process Explained
Regeneration Process Description
The following main steps of the regeneration process are automatically performed by the machine:
|1||Initial battery charging
We need to ensure, that batteries are fully charged before proceeding to the next steps
|3 - 6|
|2||Initial Capacity Test
Measures the capacity of batteries before regeneration
|1 - 10|
Core of the regeneration process—batteries go through a complex regeneration algorithms
|24 - 36|
We need to ensure, that batteries are fully charged before the final capacity test
|3 - 6|
|5||Final Capacity Test
Measures the capacity of batteries after regeneration; how much capacity was restored
|1 - 10|
|6||Final Battery charging
Batteries always need to be in a charged state
|3 - 6|
Work efficiency in implementing the regeneration process
- The degree of human operator involvement in the regeneration process => number of manual actions and total time spent on regeneration
- The number of different types of devices used during regeneration
- Level of automation of the process
The duration of entire regeneration process
- Total duration of the regeneration process (time of realization of the regeneration itself as well as the unproductive time caused by shutdowns between the individual phases of the regeneration process)
- Time the batteries are being regenerated and not available to the customer
- The scope and quality of customer output information in the form of measurements, analyzes and reports
- Available historical data
- The time needed to move the batteries by which the total recovery time is extended
- Practical problems associated with battery transport (heavy weight, dangerous (toxic) material)
- The Success Rate — efficiency of regeneration => the ability to revitalize the battery. How much of lost capacity of the battery can be restored.
The In-Depth Battery Analysis
- The ability to understand the internal state of the battery
Price for the battery regeneration service
Price is determined primarily by the following costs:
- Personnel costs of the Human Operator—Technician, that are determined by the amount of time a technician spends on regeneration
- Logistics costs - moving batteries from customer to specialized warehouse for the regeneration and then back to the customer
- Price of the regeneration technology—equipment and devices needed for performing the regeneration process techniques, as well as the efficiency of their use (standstill time)
- Electricity price
(how we did it before and others still do it)
Old-style Lead-Acid battery regeneration process — problems explained
Regeneration process, as being currently performed within the limits set by the regeneration technology available on the market, is very time consuming, human-operator intensive and ineffective in overall. Especially in western countries, where personnel costs are usually significant, and given that not all batteries can be successfully regenerated, the resulting financial effect of regeneration can be unsatisfactory.
- Inefficient in time
Large time losses caused by downtime during the battery transfer between devices (for example: regeneration ends at 7 PM, but technician puts the battery on the Charger in the next morning at 9 AM. The time-loss is 14 hours just between these two phases).
- High level of manual operations
An intensive human operator interventions is needed during the regeneration. Each set of batteries needs to be moved 6 times! between at least 3 devices during the single regeneration process.
The need to use at least three separate, physically relatively large and heavy devices (Regenerator, Charger and Capacity Tester) during the regeneration cycle.
- Lack of mobility
Moving batteries to specialised workshop for regeneration increases (sometimes significantly) the overal costs of regeneration by the logistics & manipulation expenses. Transport from customer and back also increases the overal time, when the batteries are unavailable to the customer for use. It turns out that the ability to fully and efficiently implement regeneration at customer's place will be crucial in the future.
- Low sophistication of the entire regeneration process
Automatization and digitalization of all related processes, not only the regeneration itself. This includes detailed records on batteries, handlings and operations performed on them, keeping of partial and overall results, reports and overviews generation, graphs and tables. Reducing high error rates and inaccuracies due to human factor. For a large-scale regeneration projects connection to CMS systems of customers and automatic data exchange.
- Low level of deep diagnostic of internal status/health in lead-acid battery
Collecting and storing data about the electrical quantities of the batteries, measured at regular intervals throughout the regeneration. Their further processing, ability of deep diagnostics and correct interpretation of large amounts of measured data, especially when analysed and compared against a wide range of historical data from many previous regenerations, can provide a fairly accurate picture of the internal battery status. This will also allow us to predict the evolution of the battery's technical condition for the future.
Ideological diagram and explanation of our ecosystem
The effective regeneration process *
- A single device (regenerator) carries out the entire regeneration process. Moving the battery set within several devices is not needed anymore.
- Fully automated regeneration process, the role of human operator and the requirement for his intervention during the process is minimized. Auxliary measurements (eg no-load measurements...) are fully automated too.
- An advanced Lead-Acid battery Diagnostics System incorporated into the ecosystem. Provides an in-time feedback on batteries during the regeneration process. Depending on the data from this diagnostics system, parameters of the regeneration are eventually adjusted, in order to achieve the best possible results.
- Automated reports from the regeneration process, complex and comprehensive, including detailed information on the technical condition of each battery
- Collecting a wide range of data during all phases of the regeneration process and storing them in a structured database. Building as wide and comprehensive as possible base of data over the time, for the future utilisation by modern software tools.
- Involvement of advanced software modeling tools, such as neural networks for example. This allows to predict the evolution of the battery internal health over the time and to extend the basic report from regeneration by this very valuable output.
- Integration with customer CMS for automatic data exchange for large projects.
- Eventual future integration of another auxliary tools, which can make the regeneration process more effective and more precise. For example, automated measure of the battery's weight, electrolyte gravity (for the flooded batteries), integration the intelligent thermo-cameras into the ecosystem, etc ...
* Note: not all these features are fully implemented yet within our regeneration technology.
Advantages of our system
What makes our system unique?
Our system covers all needs in battery regeneration. This is not only about the hardware - regeneration machines, these are only a part of the big picture. An important part of our regeneration ecosystem is also a software, which allows for controll and management of the complex regeneration projects.
Our Lead-Acid Battery regeneration ecosystem:
- Regenerators: high-quality machines with a wide range of accessories, which included all features needed for realisation of the complex regeneration processes. Functionalities like Capacity Tester, Charger


text:
Jun 24, 2011 / ENERGY GLOBE Award
Project presentation - "Learning from and with nature"
The rural community of La Soledad in the province of Salsa in northwest Argentina is battling poverty and malnutrition. It is not easy to learn with an empty stomach.
Teachers at the school La Soledad know this as well. Therefore they want to provide food for their pupils. However, the school and its dormitory are quite remote and everything has to be delivered on horseback. The solution is farming as part of the curriculum. Under the title "Learning from Nature" the school became nutritionally self-sufficient.
The school's own farm now grows fruits, spices and vegetables, raises seedlings and keeps honeybees and livestock (pigs, poultry, rabbits, …). The students also handle processing of the foods together with their teachers and project initiator Ana Trabucco. Other elements of the project include recycling of biowaste as fertilizer and solar energy production.
Thus the children learn by experience how biological systems work and simultaneously create the basis for successful graduation: Regular, balanced school meals have profoundly improved school performance.
More information: _URL_


text:
Trailside Exhibit Opens in Memory of Orin Covell
Approximately 50 family members and friends gathered together on Friday October 25, for the ribbon cutting ceremony launching a new trailside exhibit at the George Ranch Historical Park. The exhibit is located on the bridge at the midway point of the George Ranch Heritage Trail at a particularly scenic section overlooking Dry Creek.
George Ranch Historical Park Director Candace Jones explained that the project had been in the works for about a year and celebrated Orin's love for sharing the prolific bird life with visitors and friends. The exhibit consists of four panels showcasing original artwork of twenty common birds of the prairies and wetlands. The highly detailed watercolors were done by Austin artist Elishea Smith who specializes in bird images. An all-weather spotting scope is also included for up close viewing of birds and wildlife.
A dedication inscription on the first panel reads "And He will bear you up on eagle's wings…and hold you in the palm of His hand." Bird identification exhibit and spotting scope given in loving remembrance of Orin Covell by his family, friends, and the George Ranch Historical Park.
Director Jones spoke of the generosity of Covell to his community and the great sense of loss felt when he passed away. She mentioned his selfless service given to so many organizations such as the Rotary, the Fire Department, and the Fort Bend County Museum Association.
Covell had served for about ten years as the Administrative Officer for the George Foundation and had officed at the Historical Park for several years. During that time he had enjoyed interacting with visitors and would frequently take them for an impromptu bird watching drive along the creek as a special treat. Jones stated that, "Orin always took the time to make a personal connection with people and he was never too busy to stop and visit. He was very generous and caring and loved sharing information with others." She continued, "I feel that this exhibit will keep that connection alive for future visitors. It's a very personal and lasting tribute that will continue to bring pleasure to many thousands of people."
George Foundation Ranch Operations Manager Rocky Parr remembered the many times that he and Orin had driven along the banks of the creek to take a quick break from the office. Parr said, "Orin was always spotting some new bird and would ask me to take a photo so he could look it up on the computer. I know he would really like this new exhibit."
Covell's wife Becky and his sister Ann Council thanked Jones for her commitment to create the exhibit and expressed their deep appreciation to the George Ranch Historical Park and the other donors who funded the project.
The exhibit was officially opened to coincide with the 30th Anniversary of Texian Market Days on October 26th.


Blurity photo de-blurring utility offers a simple interface for fixing photos damaged by motion blur. It doesn't always work, but it's worth a try. Although at $39 you'd want to make sure it works before you purchase this photo-editing software - fortunately you can. See Group test: what's the best photo-editing software?
The idea of taking a blurry photo and making it sharp again sounds exciting. Like speech recognition, it is one of those technological visions that firmly belonged in the realm of futuristic fantasy just a few short years ago. But while powerful, reliable speech recognition is here, image de-blurring still has a long way to go. Blurity ($39, demo with watermarking) is a utility that's trying to blaze a trail into the difficult field, and it can de-blur certain types of photos if you're skillful and lucky. Pricing is always in US Dollars.
You put the blurry image on the left, click a part of it to demark a selection frame, and click Process. Blurity crunches some numbers, and shows the result on the right half of the window. In a perfect world, this review would end here: You would now be looking at a beautifully sharp version of your previously-blurry photo. In my testing, however, things proved to be more difficult.
When you first run Blurity, the application launches into a short interactive tutorial explaining the different settings, as well as how you should use the selection frame. This frame is very important, because Blurity tries to figure out the shape of the blur using the data within this frame.
Some spots on the photo are good for the frame, while others won't provide Blurity with the information it needs. The tutorial carefully demonstrates this point, and shows some of the other settings. It uses a sample image, and shows the kind of results you can hope to achieve with Blurity: Photos that are significantly clearer, but still have some blur and artifacts.
Photos can be blurry either because they're out of focus, or because the subject or the camera were moving during the exposure. This is called motion blur, and that's what Blurity knows how to fix.
The first photo I fed into Blurity was one of a dolphin leaping out of the water. When I originally took the shot, I was tracking the dolphin with my camera and using a too-slow shutter speed. The dolphin ended up sharp, but the audience in the background had severe motion blur.
No matter how much I played with Blurity's settings, I couldn't get the photo to de-blur. It turns out this is one kind of shot Blurity can't handle: Your entire picture has to have the same kind of motion blur. In other words, Blurity is at its best when fixing camera shake.
I then tried Blurity with a street photo I took of construction workers. I took the shot from the hip while walking, so it had some camera shake (not much, though, because I was using a stabilized lens and it was a bright, sunny day). With this photo as well, no matter how much I played with Blurity's settings and the location of the selection frame, no joy. The end result was worse than the one I started with.
Finally, I decided to take an image just to test Blurity. I took a photo of an artwork while vigorously shaking my camera, resulting in a very blurry shot. The image itself was ideal for Blurity. It contained a good amount of detail, and uniform motion blur. And indeed, this was my most successful attempt.The de-blurred image showed details that were completely smudged over in the original image.
Blurity's website features a comprehensive manual and two videos showing how to use the program, and the output shown reflects what you'll really get with the application (if you know what you're doing).
Blurity: Specs
What Blurity is trying to do is very complicated, and complicated things don't always work like in the movies. Still, if you have an irreplaceable photo that's been damaged by motion blur, Blurity is worth a shot, and is free to try.
Find the best price


text:
Laser technology has recently evolved to the point where tunable uv radiation can be obtained using commercially available lasers. The uv output between 217–260 nm is generated indirectly by using nonlinear optical devices such as frequency doubling and mixing crystals and/or by utilizing anti-Stokes Raman shifting techniques. For any scientist using lasers, even experts, the choices in commercial laser systems can be confusing. Because these laser systems are extremely expensive, an error in choice can result in a major scientific disaster.
Sanford A. Asher, "Some Important Considerations in the Selection of a Tunable UV Laser Excitation Source," Appl. Spectrosc. 38, 276-278 (1984)


text:
The time it takes a part to make it from the beginning of the manufacturing process to the end is called the cycle time. That time is proportional to the amount of WIP (work in process) in the system. A simple example to illustrate how WIP effects cycle time is to consider the self serve carwash. In this example the carwash is a simple station where the car drives in and sprayers and brushes automatically move back and forth cleaning the car. After 5 minutes the car drives out clean and dry. The next car in line drives in as the car is moving out.
On a busy day it is not uncommon to see a line of cars waiting. When pulling up to a carwash with 5 cars in line, you know that even though the carwash takes 5 minutes, you have to wait for all the cars in front of you get clean before you get it. In this case your cycle time is the 25 minutes for the 5 cars ahead and then the 5 minutes it takes your car to clean. So the cycle time is 30 minutes. If there was only one car in front of you then the cycle time would be 10 minutes if there were 10 it would be much longer. The same is true in a manufacturing operation, the more parts in the queue, the longer the cycle time. For manufacturing systems that have many operations, even a small amount of product at each station can add up to a large overall cycle time.
Kanban is a method that keeps the in process inventory to a low level. It effectively prevents too much material being introduced into the system. This keeps the cycle time lower and helps manufacturing be more responsive as well as the company attaining better cash flows.
Packnet is not a manufacturing systems expert; we simply build good Kanban carts that help manufacturers control their inventory.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Select disk
Applies To: Windows 7, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Vista
Selects the specified disk and shifts the focus to it.
For examples of how this command can be used, see Examples.
Syntax
select disk={ <n> | <disk path> | system | next }
Note
The <disk path>, system, and next parameters are only available in Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2.
Parameters
Parameter Description
<n>
Specifies the number of the disk to receive focus. You can view the numbers for all the disks on the computer by using the list disk command in DiskPart.
Note
When configuring systems with multiple disks, do not use select disk=0 to specify the system disk. The computer may reassign disk numbers when you reboot, and different computers with the same disk configuration can have different disk numbers.
<disk path>
Specifies the location of the disk to receive focus, for example, PCIROOT(0)#PCI(0F02)#ATA(C00T00L00). To view the location path of a disk, select it and then type detail disk.
system
On BIOS computers, specifies that disk 0 receives focus. On EFI computers, the disk containing the EFI system partition (ESP) that is used for the current boot receives focus. On EFI computers, the command will fail if there is no ESP, if there is more than one ESP, or the computer is booted from Windows Preinstallation Environment (Windows PE).
next
Once a disk is selected, this command iterates over all disks in the disk list. When you run this command, the next disk in the list will receive focus.
Examples
To shift the focus to disk 1, type:
select disk=1
To select a disk by using its location path, type:
select disk=PCIROOT(0)#PCI(0100)#ATA(C00T00L01)
To shift the focus to the system disk, type:
select disk=system
To shift the focus to the next disk on the computer, type:
select disk=next
Additional references
Command-Line Syntax Key
DiskPart


text:
BACKGROUND: In addition to contemporary lifestyle factors that contribute to the increased obesity prevalence worldwide, early nutrition is associated with sustained effects on later life obesity. We hypothesized that physical properties of dietary lipids contribute to this nutritional programming. We developed a concept infant formula (IMF) with large, phospholipidcoated lipid droplets (Nuturis; Danone Research, Paris, France) and investigated its programming effect on metabolic phenotype later in life.
METHODS: Male C57BI/6j mice were fed a control formula (Control IMF) or Nuturis (Concept IMF) diet between postnatal day (PN)16 and PN42. All mice were subsequently fed a Western-style diet (WSD) until PN126. Body composition was monitored repeatedly by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry between PN42 and PN126.
RESULTS: Concept IMF slightly increased lean body mass as compared with Control IMF at PN42 but did not affect fat mass. Upon 84 d of WSD feeding, the Concept IMF group showed reduced fat accumulation as compared with Control IMF. In addition, fasting plasma leptin, resistin, glucose, and lipids were significantly lower in the Concept IMF group.
CONCLUSION: Large phospholipid-coated lipid droplets in young mice reduced fat accumulation and improved metabolic profile in adulthood. These data emphasize that physical properties of early dietary lipids contribute to metabolic programming.


CIVIL ENGINEERING 365 ALL ABOUT CIVIL ENGINEERING
AbstractFor bridges susceptible to barge collision, design provisions are typically utilized in determining collision scenarios and impact loading. Provisions in the United States require that bridges be designed to withstand two distinct collision events: direct (head-on) and glancing (e.g., oblique side). Head-on impact scenarios are represented using empirically determined static loads, and perpendicular impact loads are applied with magnitudes assumed equal to 50% of head-on impact loads. Subsequent to the formation of these provisions, numerous studies have identified the need to account for dynamic phenomena when designing bridges to resist vessel collision loads. Further, design-oriented computational techniques have been developed to characterize representative vessel–bridge collision scenarios, quantify dynamic barge impact loads, and compute time-varying bridge responses. While previous studies focused on head-on barge–bridge collision, the current study characterizes oblique side barge impact loading and resulting bridge response. Parameters such as barge flotilla configuration, impact angle, and location of impact initiation are investigated across a range of bridge models, leading to the identification of design-relevant oblique side impact scenarios. An alternative to the 50% design approach for oblique side impact scenarios involving the corners of barge bows is then proposed for assessing overall stability. The proposed approach incorporates dynamic phenomena and maintains agreement relative to more detailed analyses.
Source link
Leave a Reply
Your email address will not be published.


text:
YUL wanted to provide a sustainable and ecological object to represent their brand. They chose our handmade tote bag in Quebec.
The positive impact of your object!
One of our most important commitments and values is to design local products.
- Quebec seamstresses.
- Design developed in our studio.
- Label printed in Montreal.
- The production of this object allowed 5 local businesses to work.
As mentioned, the manufacturers are located in Quebec and the production is local.
- Transportation of the products within the province.
- Less than 150 km travel distance.
- Reduction of emissions into the atmosphere and a good point for the company.
- Raising awareness of YUL's audience to Quebec objects.
- Valuation of the creativity of local designers.
- Recognition of local talent.
YUL - a model of Ecoleader
In summary, by choosing local sourcing, YUL measures the impact of their purchase by encouraging local creativity, minimizing their environmental impact and maintaining jobs here.


text:
WINGS creates opportunities for Guatemalan families to improve their lives by providing them with family planning education and access to reproductive health services. Since 2004, WINGS has trained over 380 youth aged 13-19 as peer educators, who in turn have shared accurate information about sexual health with nearly 56,000 young people.
In 2011, WINGS began to use street theater as part of its youth outreach. Based on this success, it sought a collaboration with ArtCorps to expand and deepen creative methods throughout its Peer Education program. New arts-based tools developed by ArtCorps are enabling young leaders to explain technical concepts, such as the functioning of reproductive organs, and facilitate discussions on sensitive and often taboo topics like gender roles and domestic violence.
ArtCorps will provide Art for Social Action tools that increase knowledge about sexual and reproductive health and foster dialogue among peers and couples.
In a country where 34% of boys and 22% of girls are sexually active by age 15 and reproductive health education is scarce, the outlook seems grim for youth seeking to improve themselves and make healthy choices. How can the youth of Guatemala take control of their health and build better futures for themselves, their families and their communities?
- 250 teens are equipped with knowledge and skills to make healthy relationship and sexual health decisions.
- 250 peer educators gain leadership skills and creative tools to more effectively educate and facilitate dialogue with their peers on reproductive health.
- Through 31 public presentations and theater performances, youth raise awareness about teen health with over 2,200 students and teachers from four schools.
ArtCorps and WINGS are opening young minds by sharing critical knowledge and training youth to take a leadership role in educating their peers about sexual health and healthy relationships.
- Developing Peer Educators: Evelina worked closely with WINGS education staff to train 250 youth from 13 youth groups (selected to be reproductive health peer educators) to express themselves, think critically and share powerful narratives that inspire others.
- Sex Ed Plays: During the year, the peer educators wrote and produced 12 plays about sexual health, gender and domestic violence under Evelina's guidance. These plays were performed in the Sacatepéquez schools, reaching over 2,200 youth and teachers.
- Teen Art Exhibits: Art created by the peer educators to encourage teens to make healthy decisions was displayed in the schools, health clinic and public park.
Evelina Jagminaite is a Lithuanian artist and Renaissance woman, who has studied economics, anthropology and environmental science as well as fine arts and dance. In her work with domestic violence survivors, university students and youth from low-income families, she has found art to be a powerful strategy for behavior change.
"Using creative activities like dance, storytelling and body-mapping helps [participants] to retain new information with greater ease and enjoy the learning process." ~ArtCorps Artist Evelina Jagminaite
Make social change easier for advocates and grassroots organizations.Donate >>


, is on the first line, at character six, of the file partial-class.cs.
Domain-specific languages (DSLs) typically use this format to provide a better mapping from the source file to the generated C# output. The most common use of this extended #line directive is to re-map warnings or errors that appear in a generated file to the original source. For example, consider this razor page:
@page "/"
Time: @DateTime.NowAndThen
The property DateTime.Now was typed incorrectly as DateTime.NowAndThen. The generated C# for this razor snippet looks like the following, in page.g.cs:
 _builder.Add("Time: ");
#line (2, 6) - (2, 27) 15 "page.razor"
 _builder.Add(DateTime.NowAndThen);
The compiler output for the preceding snippet is:
page.razor(2, 2, 2, 27)error CS0117: 'DateTime' does not contain a definition for 'NowAndThen'
Line 2, column 6 in page.razor is where the text @DateTime.NowAndThen begins. That's noted by (2, 6) in the directive. That span of @DateTime.NowAndThen ends at line 2, column 27. That's noted by the (2, 27) in the directive. The text for DateTime.NowAndThen begins in column 15 of page.g.cs. That's noted by the 15 in the directive. Putting all the arguments together, and the compiler reports the error in its location in page.razor. The developer can navigate directly to the error in their source code, not the generated source.
To see more examples of this format, see the feature specification in the section on examples.
Pragmas
#pragma gives the compiler special instructions for the compilation of the file in which it appears. The instructions must be supported by the compiler. In other words, you can't use #pragma to create custom preprocessing instructions.
#pragma pragma-name pragma-arguments
Where pragma-name is the name of a recognized pragma and pragma-arguments is the pragma-specific arguments.
#pragma warning
#pragma warning can enable or disable certain warnings.
#pragma warning disable warning-list
#pragma warning restore warning-list
Where warning-list is a comma-separated list of warning numbers. The "CS" prefix is optional. When no warning numbers are specified, disable disables all warnings and restore enables all warnings.
Note
To find warning numbers in Visual Studio, build your project and then look for the warning numbers in the Output window.
The disable takes effect beginning on the next line of the source file. The warning is restored on the line following the restore. If there's no restore in the file, the warnings are restored to their default state at the first line of any later files in the same compilation.
// pragma_warning.cs
using System;
#pragma warning disable 414, CS3021
[CLSCompliant(false)]
public class C
{
 int i = 1;
 static void Main()
 {
 }
}
#pragma warning restore CS3021
[CLSCompliant(false)] // CS3021
public class D
{
 int i = 1;
 public static void F()
 {
 }
}
#pragma checksum
Generates checksums for source files to aid with debugging ASP.NET pages.
#pragma checksum "filename" "{guid}" "checksum bytes"
Where "filename" is the name of the file that requires monitoring for changes or updates, "{guid}" is the Globally Unique Identifier (GUID) for the hash algorithm, and "checksum_bytes" is the string of hexadecimal digits representing the bytes of the checksum. Must be an even number of hexadecimal digits. An odd number of digits results in a compile-time warning, and the directive is ignored.
The Visual Studio debugger uses a checksum to make sure that it always finds the right source. The compiler computes the checksum for a source file, and then emits the output to the program database (PDB) file. The debugger then uses the PDB to compare against the checksum that it computes for the source file.
This solution doesn't work for ASP.NET projects, because the computed checksum is for the generated source file, rather than the .aspx file. To address this problem, #pragma checksum provides checksum support for ASP.NET pages.
When you create an ASP.NET project in Visual C#, the generated source file contains a checksum for the .aspx file, from which the source is generated. The compiler then writes this information into the PDB file.
If the compiler doesn't find a #pragma checksum directive in the file, it computes the checksum and writes the value to the PDB file.
class TestClass
{
 static int Main()
 {
 #pragma checksum "file.cs" "{406EA660-64CF-4C82-B6F0-42D48172A799}" "ab007f1d23d9" // New checksum
 }
}


text:
Description: The existence of singly, doubly, and triply charged diatomic molecular ions was observed by using an Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) technique. The mean lifetimes of 3 MeV boron diatomic molecular ions were measured. No isotopic effects on the mean lifetimes of boron diatomic molecules were observed for charge state 3+. Also, the mean lifetime of SiF^3+ was measured.
Date: December 1994
Creator: Kim, Yong-Dal


text:
The key to improving speech recognition accuracy is simply mixing all available speech datasets together to train one large AI model, according to a recent study by a team of researchers affiliated with Google Research and Google Brain. They claim an AI model named SpeechStew that was trained on a range of speech corpora achieves state-of-the-art or near-state-of-the-art results on a variety of speech recognition benchmarks.
They describe their work in "SpeechStew: Simply Mix All Available Speech Recognition Data to Train One Large Neural Network."
In pursuit of a solution, the Google researchers combined all available labeled and unlabelled speech recognition data curated by the community over the years. They tested a general-purpose SpeechStew model on a number of benchmarks and found that it not only outperformed previously developed models but demonstrated an ability to adapt to challenging new tasks.
View Full Article
No entries found


timing:Ongoing
→ Stresses
 - 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.1. Ecosystem conversion
 - 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation
2. Agriculture & aquaculture -> 2.3. Livestock farming & ranching -> 2.3.3. Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming
♦ timing:Ongoing
→ Stresses
 - 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.1. Ecosystem conversion
 - 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation
3. Energy production & mining -> 3.2. Mining & quarrying
♦ timing:Ongoing
→ Stresses
 - 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.1. Ecosystem conversion
 - 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation
4. Transportation & service corridors -> 4.1. Roads & railroads
♦ timing:Ongoing
→ Stresses
 - 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.1. Ecosystem conversion
 - 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation
5. Biological resource use -> 5.1. Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals -> 5.1.1. Intentional use (species is the target)
♦ timing:Ongoing
→ Stresses
 - 2. Species Stresses -> 2.1. Species mortality
5. Biological resource use -> 5.3. Logging & wood harvesting -> 5.3.5. Motivation Unknown/Unrecorded
♦ timing:Ongoing
→ Stresses
 - 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation
7. Natural system modifications -> 7.2. Dams & water management/use -> 7.2.11. Dams (size unknown)
♦ timing:Ongoing
→ Stresses
 - 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.1. Ecosystem conversion
 - 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation
1. Research -> 1.2. Population size, distribution & trends
1. Research -> 1.3. Life history & ecology
3. Monitoring -> 3.1. Population trends
♦ Food - human
 Local : ✓
Bibliography [top]
Ayres, J. M. 1981. Observações sobre a ecologia e o comportamento dos cuxiús (Chiropotes albinasus e Chiropotes satanas, Cebidae: Primates). Dissertação de mestrado, Manaus, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA).
Ayres, J. M. and Nessimian, J. L. 1982. Evidence for insectivory in Chiropotes satanas. Primates 23: 458-459.
Bobadilla, U. L. and Ferrari, S. F. 1998. First detailed field study on Chiropotes satanas utahicki Hershkovitz, 1985. Neotropical Primates 6(1): 17-18.
Bobadilla, U. L. and Ferrari, S. F. 2000. Habitat use by Chiropotes satanas utahicki and syntopic platyrrhines in eastern Amazonia. American Journal of Primatology 50: 215-224.
Bonvicino, C. R., Boubli, J. P., Otazú, I. B., Almeida, F. C., Nascimento, F. F., Coura, J. R. and Seuánez, H. N. 2003. Morphologic, karyotypic, and molecular evidence of a new form of Chiropotes (primates, pitheciinae). American Journal o f Primatology 61(3): 123-133.
Brandon-Jones, D., Duckworth, J.W., Jenkins, P.D., Rylands, A.B. and Sarmiento, E.E. 2007. The genitive of species-group scientific names formed from personal names. Zootaxa 1541: 41-48.
Eisenberg, J.F. and Redford, K.H. 1999. Mammals of the Neotropics. The Central Neotropics. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, USA.
Ferrari, S., Emidio-Silva, C., Lopes, M. and Bobadilla, U. 1999. Bearded sakis in south-eastern Amazonia—back from the brink? Oryx 33(4).
Ferrari, S. F. and Lopes, M. A. 1996. Primate populations in eastern Amazonia. Plenum Press, New York, USA.
Ferrari, S. F., da Silva, S. S. B., Pereira, A. P., Carvalho, M., Santos, R. R. and Veiga, L. M. 2004. Rethinking the ecology of eastern Amazonian bearded sakis (Chiropotes satanas). Resumos do XXth Congress of the International Primatological Society. Folia Primatologica 75(1): 261.
Ferrari, S. F., Iwanaga, S., Ravetta, A. L., Freitas, F. C., Souza, B. A. R., Souza, L. L., Costa, C. G. and Coutinho, P. E. G. 2003. Dynamics of primate communities along the Santarém-Cuiabá Highway in south-Central Brazilian Amazonia. In: L. Marsh (ed.), Primates in Fragments: Ecology and Conservation, pp. 123-144. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, USA.
Ferrari, S. F. Santos, R. R., Silva, S. S. B. and Veiga. L. M. 2002. Manejo de populações do cuxiú, Chiropotes satanas, um primata amazônico ameaçado de extinção, na Área de Influência da Usina Hidrelétrica de Tucuruí, Pará. Projeto aprovado pela Fundação O Boticário de Proteção à Natureza.
Groves C. 2001. Primate Taxonomy. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, USA.
Groves, C.P. 2005. Order Primates. In: D.E. Wilson and D.M. Reeder (eds), Mammal Species of the World, pp. 111-184. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Hershkovitz, P. 1985. A preliminary taxonomy review of the south american bearded saki monkeys genus Chiropotes (Cebidae: Platyrrhini), with the description of a new species. Fieldiana: Zoology 27: 1-46.
Johns, A. D. and Ayres, J. M. 1987. Southern bearded sakis beyond the brink. Oryx 21: 164-167.
Lopes, M. A., Ferrari, S. F., Veiga, L. M. and Silva Jr., J. S. 2008. Cuxiú-de-uta-hick, Chiropotes utahicki Hershkovitz, 1985. In: A. B. M. Machado, G. M. Drummond and A. P. Paglia (eds), Livro vermelho das espécies ameaçadas de extinção da fauna brasileira, Fundação Biodiversitas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Rylands, A. B. 1994. Cuxiú, Chiropotes satanas utahicki Hershkovitz, 1985. In: G. A. B. da Fonseca, A. B. Rylands, C. M. R. Costa, R. B. Machado and Y. L. R. Leite (eds), Livro Vermelho dos Mamíferos Brasileiros Ameaçados de Extinção, pp. 263-267. Fundação Biodiversitas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Santos, R. R. 2002. Ecologia de cuxiús (Chiropotes satanas) na Amazônia Oriental: Perspectivas para a conservação de populações fragmentadas. Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade Federal do Pará.
Silva Jr., J. S. and Figueiredo, W. M. B. 2002. Revisão sistemática dos cuxiús, gênero Chiropotes Lesson, 1840 (Primates Pithecidae). Livro de Resumos do XO. Congresso da Sociedade Brasileira de Primatologia, Amazônia - A Última Fronteira: 21. Belém do Pará, Brazil.
Vieira, T. 2005. Aspectos da ecologia do cuxiú de Uta Hick, Chiropotes utahickae (Hershkovitz, 1985), com ênfase na exploração alimentar de espécies arbóreas da ilha de Germoplasma, Tucuruí-PA. Dissertação de Mestrado, Museu Paraense Emílio Goéldi and Universidade Federal do Pará,.
Citation: Veiga, L. M., Silva Jr. J. S., Ferrari, S. F. & Rylands, A. B. 2008. Chiropotes utahickae. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008: e.T43892A10830166. . Downloaded on 21 April 2018.
Disclai


How-to: Analyze Twitter Data with Hue
How-to: Analyze Twitter Data with Hue
Hue 2.2 , the open source web-based interface that makes Apache Hadoop easier to use, lets you interact with Hadoop services from within your browser without having to go to a command-line interface. It features different applications like an Apache Hive editor and Apache Oozie dashboard and workflow builder.
This post is based on our "Analyzing Twitter Data with Hadoop" sample app and details how the same results can be achieved through Hue in a simpler way. Moreover, all the code and examples of the previous series have been updated to the recent CDH4.2 release.
Collecting Data
The first step is to create the "flume" user and his home on the HDFS where the data will be stored. This can be done via the User Admin application.
The second step consists of collecting some tweet data from the live Twitter stream.
Apache Flume is an elegant solution for taking care of this. The configuration of Flume is detailed in the readme and previous blog post. However, if you want to skip this step, some data is available on GitHub. Just upload it as a zip file in the home directory of the flume user and the "tweets" directory will show up after a few seconds.
If you are not taking this shortcut, create the tweets directory in the File Browser with the New Folder action.
Then, when the Flume agent is started, the data will start appearing:
Clicking on a file will display its content in the built-in viewer:
Preparing Hive
It is time to prepare the analysis of the tweet data. We'll use Apache Hive, which can query the data with SQL-like syntax in a scalable way. The detailed description of the Hive setup is detailed in the readme.
When Hive is ready, the tweet table can be created in the query editor of Beeswax. Notice that the Hive SerDe (to download or compile here) must be included as a jar in the query. You can read more about Hive SerDe in this previous post.
To do this, just click on "Add" > "File Resources", click on the path chooser button, click on the "Home" button, and upload hive-serdes-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar.
Then just enter the CREATE TABLE statement and execute it:
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE tweets (
 id BIGINT,
 created_at STRING,
 source STRING,
 favorited BOOLEAN,
 retweet_count INT,
 retweeted_status STRUCT<
 text:STRING,
 user:STRUCT<screen_name:STRING,name:STRING>>,
 entities STRUCT<
 urls:ARRAY<STRUCT<expanded_url:STRING>>,
 user_mentions:ARRAY<STRUCT<screen_name:STRING,name:STRING>>,
 hashtags:ARRAY<STRUCT<text:STRING>>>,
 text STRING,
 user STRUCT<
 screen_name:STRING,
 name:STRING,
 friends_count:INT,
 followers_count:INT,
 statuses_count:INT,
 verified:BOOLEAN,
 utc_offset:INT,
 time_zone:STRING>,
 in_reply_to_screen_name STRING
)
PARTITIONED BY (datehour INT)
ROW FORMAT SERDE 'com.cloudera.hive.serde.JSONSerDe'
LOCATION '/user/flume/tweets'
Now that the table is created, let's insert some data in the table. First, select the table in the "Table" tab and click "Import data". Enter the path "/user/flume/tweets/2013/02/25/17″ and "201302251″ as the key:
Depending on the partition picked, a query similar to this will be generated:
LOAD DATA INPATH '/user/flume/tweets/2013/02/25/16'
INTO TABLE 'default.tweets'
PARTITION (datehour='_PHONE_')
After the query executes, the table 'tweets' will be available.
Beeswax can access the Hive metastore and its list of tables. A description of their schema and partitions with some example of data contained in each table are helpful while designing your queries. Moreover, a wizard can guide you step-by-step to create new tables.
Analysis with Beeswax
It becomes now possible to perform some SELECT queries on the data. Here is an example below but most of interesting ones are described in Parts 1 and 3 of the "Analyzing Twitter with Hadoop" series.
SELECT
 t.retweeted_screen_name,
 sum(retweets) AS total_retweets,
 count(*) AS tweet_count
 FROM (SELECT
 retweeted_status.user.screen_name as retweeted_screen_name,
 retweeted_status.text,
 max(retweet_count) as retweets
 FROM tweets
 GROUP BY retweeted_status.user.screen_name,
 retweeted_status.text) t
 GROUP BY t.retweeted_screen_name
 ORDER BY total_retweets DESC
 LIMIT 10;
Beeswax possesses multiple features for providing a better user experience than the command line shell. For example you can save queries and share them with other users. The result of a query can be exported into a new table or an HDFS file or downloaded to your desktop. Some other good examples are:
 - Ajax refresh of the logs
 - Quick column navigation on the result page
 - MapReduce jobs listing with a direct access to their logs
 - 'Email me on completion' setting
 - Multi-database support
Example of the screen while running query:
Seeing the result of the query:
Note: if your queries are failing and you are seeing an error like below, it means that you forgot to add the '/user/flume/hive-serdes-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar' to the query:
FAILED: Execution Error, return code 2 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapRedTask
Conclusion
In this post we focused on how the Beeswax application can make it easy to execute Hive queries. New features such as multi-query (HUE-159), autocomplete, and syntax highlighting (HUE-1063) are going to improve the usability even more.
The next article in this series will elaborate on this topic and describe how Hue's Apache Oozie application can be used for scheduling Hive queries in a few clicks.
Thank you for reading and feel free to post comments here or on the hue-user list. We also hope to see you at the firstHue meetup (this Wednesday, March 27)!


they may cost 20% of the cost of the analytical column, so the economics of guard column use may be marginal. If you use a guard column, you'll have to figure out when to replace the guard column. You should replace the guard column before it adversely affects the overall separation. As with the parameters of Figure 1, track the system performance when a guard column is in place. When system suitability begins to trend toward the limits, change the guard column and see if it fixes the problem. Most workers find that it is most convenient to replace the guard column on a scheduled basis — either after a certain number of injections or sample batches — or perhaps on a calendar basis. Additional sample preparation almost always will extend column life, but sample preparation is expensive and may not be appropriate for all sample types.
Better Luck Next Time
At some point, the simple restorative measures of flushing or backflushing the column will not be successful. As mentioned above, these measures restore column performance only a third of the time. This means that two-thirds of the time they fail. What next? Some people like to flush with even stronger solvents, such as methylene chloride, to remove fats and waxes (be sure to flush the column before and afterwards with methanol or acetonitrile to ensure solvent miscibility). Other flushing strategies use acid, base or chaotropic agents to remove strongly retained material from the column. If you try any of these procedures, you should backflush the column so the strongly retained material that usually is located on the first few millimetres of the column can be washed directly to waste rather than farther into the column. However, I feel that heroic measures such as these are false economy. They rarely restore column function completely, and they are expensive and time-consuming.
The column should be considered a consumable item, even though the price tag may make us think that it is a capital expense. Consider the cost of the column in relation to the overall cost of analysis. The overall cost of analysing a sample using UV detection often is in the range of $50/sample. Columns cost ≈$500 each. If the method conditions result in a relatively short column lifetime of 500 injections, that translates into $1/sample for the column, only 2% ($1/$50) of the cost of analysis. If you get >1000 samples through a column, the column is a trivial part of the overall cost of analysis. Any work to extend the column life beyond this may cost more than the additional benefit, because time is an expense. Even backflushing may not be worthwhile. You are better off using an in-line filter to catch unwanted particles from blocking the column and leave it at that. I have a friend that replaces the column with each 96-sample batch — the ≈$5/sample cost of the column is less than the cost of additional sample pretreatment that would extend the column life. It's all about economics. All columns will die eventually.
Summary
The column always tries to tell us how it is doing. Listen to the system suitability results and see if you can find trends that can be used to your advantage. Perhaps you can only anticipate the column failure by a day or two, but you may be able to use the information to put together a preventive maintenance strategy that includes a regular flush with a strong solvent and the use of a guard column to help keep the column in service for months on end. As a minimum, I recommend using an in-line filter on every system and flushing the column with the strong solvent of the mobile phase at the end of each batch of samples. Control charts can be a powerful tool to help anticipate when problems will occur in the future. Above all, remember that the column is a consumable item that may not be worth trying to save after 500–1000 samples have been analysed.
"LC Troubleshooting" editor, John Dolan, is vice president of LC Resources, Walnut Creek, California, USA. he is also a member of LCGC Europe's editorial advisory board. Direct correspondence about this column should go to "LC Troubleshooting", LCGC Europe, 4A Bridgegate Pavillion, Chester Business Park, Wrexham Road, Chester CH4 9QH, UK, or e-mail the editor, Alasdair Matheson, at _EMAIL_
References
D.J. Wheeler, Understanding Variation. The Key to Managing Chaos (SPC Press, Inc., Knoxville, Tennessee, 1993).
Related Content:
News