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Aquabid
Reproduction in Fishes
How Fish Reproduce

Reproduction in fishes varies widely from species to species. In every case, the fish must use an amount of metabolic energy required to reproduce (i.e., to actually spawn and look after any offspring) in the most efficient way possible.

In some cases, this means that a species will only reproduce when there is sufficient excess energy available. Other species will reproduce in direct proportion to how much energy is obtainable. Yet others will spawn regardless of what's available and risk their own destruction in the process.

Male and female reproductive organs in bony fishes are produced in response to the genetic instructions imprinted -- in other words, male fish grow testes and females grow ovaries. Remarkably, some fish are able to swap gender if they find themselves in a single-sex environment where reproduction would otherwise be impossible.

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28msec Launches Company to Enable Real-Time Complex Data Processing
28msec, Inc. announced the launch of the company and its first product,, which it calls an Information Processing Platform (IPP). Reducing the time to develop and run complex queries on SQL and NoSQL databases by an order of magnitude over existing solutions, the company says enables businesses to retrieve and process data from multiple formats (such as JSON, XML, HTML, relational data, CSV, and text), located in various data stores, including both SQL and NoSQL sources using one single language and platform.
The product helps organizations avoid the costly and complex process of manually combining multiple technologies and writing customized code. uses the open specification JSONiq query language to perform information processing procedures – including filtering, sorting correlating, aggregating, and searching, as well as publishing, storing, indexing, communicating and exporting data in the users' data format of choice.
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Croy Family History
Croy Surname History
Croy family history has a complex evolution of which the particulars can be pieced together by Croy family researchers. This Croy research page contains the accumulated history of the Croy surname made up of user-contributed content from other AncientFaces users. The Croy family name is an old family line that has migrated all across the world for many generations, and as the name Croy has migrated, it has evolved making its etymology a challenge to unearth.
No content has been submitted here about Croy. The following is speculative information about Croy. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
The evolution of Croy begins at it's earliest origins. Even in the earliest days of a name there have been changes in that name simply because last names were infrequently written down at that stage in history.
As these families emigrated between countries and languages, the Croy name may have changed with them. It was not unusual for a surname to change as it enters a new country or language. Croy ancestors have travelled across various regions all throughout history.
Croy country of origin
No content has been submitted about the Croy country of origin. The following is speculative information about Croy. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
The nationality of Croy is often complicated to determine because country boundaries change over time, making the nation of origin a mystery. The original ethnicity of Croy may be in dispute as result of whether the name came about organically and independently in different locales; e.g. in the case of surnames that come from a craft, which can come into being in multiple places independently (such as the surname "Gardener" which was given to people of that profession).
Meaning of the last name Croy
No content has been submitted about the meaning of Croy. The following is speculative information about Croy. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
The meaning of Croy come may come from a profession, such as the name "Miller" which referred to the profession of working in a mill. Many of these profession-based family names may be a profession in some other language. This is why it is important to understand the nationality of a name, and the languages spoken by its progenitors. Many names like Croy originate from religious texts like the Quran, the Bhagavadgītā, the Bible, and so forth. Commonly these family names are shortened versions of a religious phrase such as "Worthy of praise".
- Princess Kunigunde of Croy
- Marie-Chantal D'erlanger De Croy
- Isabel De Croy Croÿ
- Princess Maria of Croy
- Charlotte Prinzessin Von Croy Croÿ 1938 -?
- Isabelle De Croy 1446 - 1486
- Georgienne Amalie de Croy
- Jean II De Croy 1436 - 1505
- Jeanne De Croy 1442 - 1511
- Princess Sophie of Croy
- Prince Alexander of Croy
- Philippe I De Croy 1433 - 1511
- Charles De Croy 1438 -?
- Jacqueline De Croy 1448 - 1486
- 3rd row; - Croy,
- Prince Klemens of Croy
- Marie De Croy 1440 -?
- Guillaume Seigneur De Croy de CROÃ¿ I, I 1315 - 1384
- Princess Eugenie of Croy
Croy Family Tree
Famous people named Croy
No famous people named Croy have been submitted. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
Nationality and Ethnicity of Croy
No content has been submitted about the ethnicity of Croy. The following is speculative information about Croy. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
We do not have a record of the primary ethnicity of the name Croy. Many surnames travel around the world throughout the ages, making their original nationality and ethnicity difficult to trace.
More about the name Croy
Fun facts about the Croy family
We have no fun facts about Croy. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
Croy spelling variations
No content has been submitted about alternate spellings of Croy. The following is speculative information about Croy. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
Understanding misspellings and alternate spellings of the Croy last name are important to understanding the possible origins of the name. In times when literacy was uncommon, names such as Croy were transcribed based on their pronunciation when people's names were recorded in public records. This could have resulted in misspellings of Croy. Family names like Croy transform in how they're written as they travel across communities, family unions, and languages over time.

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China Service Medal
The China Service Medal was a relatively early entry into the hallowed halls of the medals of America when it was created by an Act of Congress in August of 1940. These US military medals were established to honor US Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard personnel who served ashore in China or were attached to vessels that operated in support of operations in China either between July 1937 and September of 1939, or between September of 1945 and April of 1957. Regulations permitted the wearing of a Bronze Service Star on these military medals and ribbons if a service member had performed duty during both periods of eligibility. These Navy medals are now considered obsolete, and are no longer issued by the US Navy. However, they can still be worn by Navy personnel who earned them during that period.
These Navy, Coast Guard and Marine Corps ribbons and medals are worn in the position directly below the Navy Expeditionary Medal, the Marine Corps Expeditionary Medal and the Coast Guard's Medal for Humane Action; and are worn directly above the National Defense Service Medal in the general order of precedence that has been established for the proper display of all Navy, Marine Corps and Coast Guard military ribbons and medals. The China Service Medal is generally available as Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard decorations in the form of military medals, ribbons, and lapel pins. They can be worn as traditional slide-on medals, mini medals, and ribbons. While traditionalist may still prefer to purchase the traditional slide-on full size military medals, mini-medals, and slide-on military ribbons; the newer thin mini-medals, and ultra thin military ribbons commercial suppliers now provide have become extremely popular among up and coming military personnel who know how important it is to their career advancement to always maximize the neatness and smartness of their uniform appearance.


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Dictionary Results for hollow|
1. hollow - noun
· a cavity or space in something; "hunger had caused the hollows in their cheeks"
Hypernym(s): cavity, enclosed_space
2. hollow - noun
· a small valley between mountains; "he built himself a cabin in a hollow high up in the Appalachians"
Hypernym(s): valley, vale
3. hollow - noun
· a depression hollowed out of solid matter
Hypernym(s): natural_depression, depression
4. hollow - verb
· remove the inner part or the core of; "the mining company wants to excavate the hillside"
Synonym(s): excavate, dig
Hypernym(s): remove, take, take_away, withdraw
5. hollow - verb
· remove the interior of; "hollow out a tree trunk"
Synonym(s): hollow_out, core_out
6. hollow - adjective
· not solid; having a space or gap or cavity; "a hollow wall"; "a hollow tree"; "hollow cheeks"; "his face became gaunter and more hollow with each year"
7. hollow - adjective
· as if echoing in a hollow space; "the hollow sound of footsteps in the empty ballroom"
8. hollow - adjective
· devoid of significance or force; "empty promises"; "a hollow victory"; "vacuous comments"
Synonym(s): empty, vacuous
9. hollow - adjective
· lacking in substance or character; "a hollow person"
or unscramble the word you need to complete that puzzle or to finish that
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High moisture mozzarellas are much more perishable than their low-moisture counterparts, so use them within a few days of purchase. > semi-firm cheeses. gives them a springy, elastic consistency. is like mozzarella, only firmer and more flavorful. Substitutes: Raclette OR Emmenthal OR Port Salut, * Ossau-Iraty This little-known Basque cheese is made from raw sheep's milk, and it's creamy, nutty, and mellow. Paese, Syrian cheese Substitutes: jack cheese OR Substitutes: Havarti (not as flavorful) OR jack cheese OR Esrom (more pungent) OR Gouda OR Mahon, Tomme Crayeuse This soft French cheese is rich and buttery. Notes: This French semi-soft cheese is creamy and Substitutes: Tomme de Savoie OR Saint Nectaire OR Muenster. and thawed without losing too much flavor, though some become crumbly. Try heating it a bit and serving it with crusty French Milk Page. stinky) cheese family, but it's mild and subtle. keeps it soft but leeches out some of the flavor. Gouda OR Bel Paese OR Appenzell OR provolone OR rablochon, Gjetost Pronunciation: YET-ohst Muenster cheese, Tilsit = Tilsiter = Tilsit Havarti Notes: Swiss cheese is riddled with holes and has a mild, nutty flavor. Unlike many cheeses, they stand up well to cooking. provolone Pronunciation: The smell increases the longer the cheese is kept — this however does not affect its flavour. Notes: The milk is derived from red and white Montbéliarde cows that graze on the flat meadow surrounding the abbey for at least 6 months. vahsh-er-AHN Notes: This is a cheese-lover's cheese, Substitutes: Tilsit OR jack cheese OR Esrom (more pungent) OR Gouda OR Mahon, Jack This California semi-soft cheese resembles Muenster. pasta filata = spun curd cheeses = pulled Their flavor can vary dramatically, but they blend well with other cheeses, since they tend to be young and mild. Substitutes: Tomme de Savoie OR Saint Nectaire OR Muenster, Tomme de Savoie This is a mild and pleasant French cheese that's semi-soft when young, firmer when aged. plastic curd cheeses See pasta It can be refrigerated and is best eaten within two weeks of opening. It has a mild, nondescript flavor, but it's good cheese to slice into sandwiches or melt into casseroles.
Substitutes: Tomme Crayeuse OR Saint Nectaire OR Muenster * Urgelia This creamy Spanish cheese is a member of the washed rind (a.k.a. for more information--especially their excellent page on Cheese bread. There are two kinds. Substitutes: Taleggio, * Vacherin This is a cheese-lover's cheese, with a complex nutty flavor. wrap each chunk in an airtight package. This is a good sandwich cheese. This category includes mozzarella, Provolone, Scamorza, string cheese, and Caciocavallo. (softer, stronger flavor), Lappi Pronunciation: LAP-pee Substitutes: Scarmorza OR Cacciocavallo OR string cheese (very similar, but extruded rather than molded), Muenster When produced in Europe, Muenster is a mild-mannered member of the normally stinky washed-rind cheese family, though it becomes more pungent as it ages. cheese. It's a good melting cheese, but you Substitutes: Tomme de Savoie OR Saint Nectaire OR Muenster Tomme de Savoie cheese = tomme de montagne Pronunciation: TUM de sah-VWAH Notes: This is a mild and pleasant French cheese that's semi-soft when young, firmer when aged. has a rich, earthy flavor. Substitutes: Edam (similar, but with a lower milkfat content) OR Samsoe OR Bel Paese OR jack OR Muenster, Haloumi This salty, crumbly cheese from Cyprus stands up well to heat and can even be fried or grilled. Use within a few days after purchasing. OR Cheddar OR Limburger (more pungent), Havarti Pronunciation: category includes mozzarella, Provolone, Asadero This stringy Mexican cheese melts nicely, so it's great on quesadillas.
Morbier has a rich, earthy flavor. Ontdek (en bewaar!) stripe running up the middle, a reference to earlier times when a layer Low moisture mozzarella is firmer and the best choice for pizza.
it's creamy, nutty, and mellow. Substitutes: Substitutes: Emmenthal (very similar) OR Swiss, Limburger This is a very stinky and salty German washed rind cheese.
Coon), Danbo Pronunciation: DAN-boh Substitutes: filata. Substitutes: Muenster OR Reblochon OR Havarti OR Port du Salut, Bierkäse or Beer cheese This is a soft, stinky cheese.
It's difficult to locate one created out of sheep's milk or goats.It has several culinary programs from recipes such as making fondues, pizza, sandwiches, as well as pasta. Substitutes: Take a look. mild. perfect for slicing into sandwiches. Port Salut Though Port Salut has a mild French semi-soft cheese., it sometimes has a strong smell because it is a mature cheese. Mahon, Tybo Pronunciation: TIE-boh Cheddar, Leicester = Red Leicester Pronunciation: LESS-ter sheep's milk. It's also stretchy--the long white strings that you often see draped over the sides of pizza boxes are usually mozzarella. for more information--especially their excellent page on Cheese
Raclette OR Emmenthal OR Port Salut. German like to put it on rye bread along with some sliced onion, and have it with beer.
23 oct. 2012 - un monde riche, a l'instar des vins, du cigare et de toute chose qui mérite une attention et une relation très spécifique au delà des apparences - un état d'esprit. Provolone, Kashkaval = Kachkeval Notes: This
You'll find them typically in your four cheese sauces and pizzas. Ossau-Iraty cheese = Ossau-Iraty-Brebis-Pyrenees Try heating it a bit and serving it with crusty French bread. Substitutes: Lagerkaese OR Havarti substitutes, queso blanco Substitutes: mozzarella OR Muenster, queso Chihuahua® = queso Menonita Substitutes:
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The Effect of Co2 Pneumoperitoneum for Octogenarian During Laparoscopic Rectal Surgery
Chang Sheng-chi, MD, Ke De-wei, MD, William Tzu-liang Chen, MD. China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

Purpose:
Laparoscopic surgery, especially rectal surgery, requests a relative long time and it may cause adverse impact on circulation, respiration and renal function due to CO2 absorption and high intraabdominal pressure. This kind of phenomenon was more obvious in patients of old age. The aim of this study is to compare the anesthetic results between octogenarian and younger patients undergoing laparoscopic rectal surgery perioperatively and to evaluate the effect of pneumoperitoneum in elderly.
Materials and Methods:
Since Jun 2009 to Jun 2011, patients undergoing elective laparoscopic rectal surgery were enrolled in this study, except age from 60 to 80 years old. Patients were divided into two groups, octogenarian (>80y/o, group O) and younger (<60y/o, group Y) group. The parameters were recorded prospectively, including mean blood pressure (MBP), heart rate (HR), cardiac output index (COI), stroke volume index (SVI) and stroke volume variation (SVV), central venous pressure (CVP), end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), air-way pressure (PAW) and urine output (UO) during anesthesia and pneumoperitoneum. We also compared the perioperative surgical outcome between group O and group Y, including operative time, blood loss, length of first flatus passage, hospital stay, surgical complication and mortality.
Results:
In this period, a total of 70 patients were included in this study, 30 octogenarian and 40 younger patients. All patients accept laparoscopic rectal surgery for rectal cancer in the same institute. Although group O had higher ASA degree, the perioperative circulatory parameter seems like similar in both groups. At timing of pneumoperitoneum, the group O had significant increased in CVP level. The short-term surgical results had no significant difference between the two group.
Conclusion:
CO2 pneumoperitoneum is safe to octogenarian during laparoscopic rectal surgery and not increase the medical or surgical morbidity after surgery.
Session Number: Poster – Poster Presentations
Program Number: P088
View Poster
« Return to SAGES 2012 abstract archive
Reset A Lost Password


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Locate the Touch ID sensor
The Touch ID sensor is located in the upper-right corner of your keyboard.
To set up and use Touch ID on a Magic Keyboard with Touch ID, you need a Mac computer with Apple silicon and macOS Big Sur 11.4 or later.
To use the built-in Touch ID on a Mac laptop computer with Touch ID, just set up Touch ID in System Settings (Or System Preferences) > Touch ID & Password.
Try these steps
Try using Touch ID after each step:
- Make sure that you have the latest version of macOS.
- Make sure that your fingers and the Touch ID sensor are clean and dry.* Use a clean, lint-free cloth to wipe off any dirt or debris on the Touch ID sensor.
- Your finger should cover the Touch ID sensor completely. While Touch ID is scanning, you shouldn't tap too quickly or move your finger around.
- Choose Apple menu > System Settings (or System Preferences), click Users & Groups, then click the lock to make changes. Click Login Options, then make sure that Automatic login is off.
- Choose Apple menu > System Settings (or System Preferences), click Touch ID & Password, then turn on the setting to use Touch ID to unlock your Mac.
- Try to add a different fingerprint. Choose Apple menu > System Settings (Or System Preferences), click Touch ID & Password, then click Add Fingerprint.
- For Magic Keyboard with Touch ID, turn your keyboard off and on, then connect your keyboard to your Mac with the USB to Lightning cable. After you turn Magic Keyboard off then on, Touch ID may be unavailable for up to 10 seconds.
- Restart your Mac.
If you need to enter your password
The first time you log in after you turn on, restart, or log out of your Mac, you must log in by entering your password manually. After that, you can use Touch ID to log in.
Additionally, you might need to enter your password instead of using Touch ID in these situations:
- Your fingerprint isn't recognized five times in a row
- You haven't unlocked your device in more than 48 hours
- You're trying to change settings in the Touch ID & Password pane of System Preferences
* Moisture, lotions, sweat, oils, cuts, or dry skin might affect fingerprint recognition. Certain activities can also temporarily affect fingerprint recognition, including exercising, showering, swimming, cooking, or other conditions or changes that affect your fingerprint.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Department of History
Meredith McKittrick's first book explores the gendered and generational dynamics of the creation of a large and youthful Christian community in northern Namibia in the late 19th and 20th centuries. During research for that book, she came to realize the extent to which control over the region's water resources underlay religious practice, political authority, and community identities. This led to her current book project, which examines how local communities, colonial governments, and post-colonial states have claimed and utilized river resources in Namibia, Botswana, and Angola. She teaches a variety of African history courses, including resistance and rebellion, gender and generation, environmental history, and comparative US-South African history; she's also taught global history and agricultural history. In 2010, she won the Georgetown College Dean's Award for Teaching Excellence. She is from Texas, worked as a journalist, and has raised chickens and heritage turkeys. She lives in rural Maryland with her spouse and three children.


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Heart of Fire came out last Sunday (you can check out that post here) and so we'll be back to the Anidril System series for a bit.
This is Alaer, the third planet of the sun-like star, Anidril. Alaer is Areaer's sister planet, being very near in size and rotation and composition to the green earth-like world, but covered in thick oceans that submerged all of the land, leaving only the mountains to rise above the waves. Alaer also possesses a somewhat denser atmosphere and is farther from Anidril, making it a cool, ocean world, with a year about twice the length of Areaer's – though it is somewhat greater in terms of days, as Alaer spins faster.
Alaer's white moon matches the planet with its icy face of mostly frozen water. It also means that many Alaeran nights are very bright, as opposed to its days which are somewhat dim. Here you see Alaer, with its moon shining above the curve of its horizon, and its longest chain of high mountains marching across the equator.
Alaer is a world of its moon and its oceans, of water and light, of the changing tides and the waxing and waning of light. Its magical dolphins are born of both, the common colored dolphins linked to its oceans and its bright aurorae, while the moon dolphins belong to the light of the moon and have power over the tides.
For every world is alive, with its own magic.
One thought on "Saturday Art: Alaer (Anidril System, #3)"
Pingback: Saturday Art: The Inner Ring (Anidril System, #4) – Enthralled By Love

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The University of Twente (UT) and Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (India) committed to a long-term collaboration. In November 2022, a Memorandum of Understanding was signed. The collaboration will be between UT's ITC Faculty and TNAU. It will entail both education and research related to capacity development, which is the core mission of ITC, on themes like drone technologies, crop monitoring, remote sensing skills and water management.
In terms of education, ITC invites both undergraduate and PhD students from TNAU for skill development and thesis research on topics like remote sensing, earth observation and climate change. The Memorandum of Understanding also describes joint research on crop monitoring, risk changes, crop insurance, phenomics, carbon sequestration, drones, and yield estimation in tree fruit crops. Sharing knowledge on photogrammetry and drone technology will be an important part of this collaboration.
Prof. Francesco Nex, associate professor and coordinator of the UAV Centre at ITC, is one of the content coordinators of this collaboration. He is pleased with this long-term and strategic approach. "We have been talking with TNAU for quite some time, but this mainly happened at the level of a department or an individual project. The fact that we are now going to develop a more structured and long-term collaboration across multiple departments at ITC and the University of India is a major milestone. We can learn from each other's expertise. Drone technology is very helpful when it comes to soil, water, and crop monitoring. In India, this can make a big impact. It fits perfectly well with the mission we have at ITC. When we talk about capacity development, we talk about how we can apply, share and facilitate the effective use of geo-information and earth observation knowledge and tools for tackling wicked problems such as resource security", says Nex.
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University has a rich history, dating back to as far as 1868. TNAU assumes full responsibility of Agricultural Education and Research and supports the State Agricultural Department in India by delivering research products. Since 1958, TNAU is recognized as a post-graduate centre and offers master's and doctoral degrees. The Tamil Nadu Agricultural University is known for its education, research, and training on topics like food security to improve the standard of living of the farming community.
Please contact Parya Pasha if you want to learn more about this collaboration between Tamil Nadu Agricultural University and the University of Twente and ITC.


Help! My Cat Won't Let Me Sleep!
Well, I have some bad news for you. Being woken up from a sound sleep in the night or early morning hours by a hungry, nudgy and active cat is less than desirable for a human. Unfortunately, this undesirable behavior is purrrfectly normal for a cat. I will tell you why and explain to you what you can do about it.
Let's start with normal cat behavior. If your cat lived outdoors, it would need to catch somewhere between 8-13 mice or birds a day to stay fed. To keep up with this need, your cat would hunt both during the day and night, with lots of recharging naps in between. Many of your cat's favorite meals would be most active and available during the night and the early morning hours. So, your clever cat is programed to be alert and in hunting mode at these times…which is precisely when you would like to be hard at work on your REM sleep!
To make matters worse, your schedule likely reinforces this. Most of our cats have little to no stimulation during the day. You are at work, the house is quiet, and your cat has nothing to do but sleep. For your cat, the active day begins when you get home from work and your home springs to life.
So how can you use this knowledge of normal cat behavior to redirect your nudgy cat and get some sleep?! You can solve this problem in two easy steps.
1- Make night time hunting time! Understanding that it is normal for cats to hunt overnight, and eat multiple small meals in the 24 hour period is all the info you need. Give your cat the opportunity to hunt for their food overnight, instead of eating from a bowl all day! The best way to do this is with The NoBowl Feeding System™. Before you turn in for the night, measure your cat's favorite dry food or treats, split them between the five NoBowls™ and hide them outside of the bedroom. Now, your hungry cat can fulfill its natural instincts to hunt and eat overnight…and you can finally get some uninterrupted sleep.
2- Don't give in. Your cat has been training you to wake up and amuse or feed him/her for some time now. So, it might take a few days for your cat to learn this new way of life. Stay strong! Don't give in! Pull the covers over your head and ride it out. In a few days, your cat will learn that it is way more fun to hunt and eat NoBowls™ than it is to wake up his/her cranky, sleepy human.
Good night! Sleep tight!
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This letter investigates chemical polishing with a hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, and acetic acid (HNA) mixture as an alternative to chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) to produce smooth surfaces on both slurryand diamond-cut silicon solar wafers. With 30 µm of silicon etched from each side, as-cut wafers appear mirror-like to the naked eye. A quantitative analysis of the specularity of HNA-polished wafers indicates that 97 % of light reflected from slurry-cut wafers falls within ±10 mrad of the specular beam and is isotropically distributed. Conversely, HNA-polished diamond-cut wafers retain a history of the wafer-sawing process: the reflected light is anisotropic with 99.4 % of light within ±10 mrad of the specular beam in the sawing direction but only 89.1 % within ±10 mrad in the perpendicular direction. Topographical characterization by optical profilometry and atomic force microscopy measurements reveals that HNA-polished slurry-cut wafers are spatially uniform with a surface roughness of 45 nm. Diamond-cut wafers have a roughness of only 18 nm but also have residual sawing grooves tens of micrometers across—these are responsible for the anisotropic scattering of light. The HNA-polished wafers are appropriate alternatives to CMP wafers for high-efficiency solar cells, including interdigitated-back-contact and tandem cells that require single-side polished wafers, as well as for other optical applications such as process monitoring with characterization techniques that require planar substrates.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)10270-10275
Number of pages6
JournalJournal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics
Issue number10
StatePublished - Oct 1 2016
ASJC Scopus subject areas
 - Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
 - Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
 - Condensed Matter Physics
 - Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Dive into the research topics of 'Silicon wafers with optically specular surfaces formed by chemical polishing'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Cite this


synthesis reactions. However protein unfolding occurs in several systems as for cutinase in sodium bis-(2ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate reversed micelles. Dynamic light scattering measurements of sodium bis-(2ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate reversed micelles with and without cutinase were taken at different water to surfactant ratios. The results indicate that cutinase was attached to the micellar wall and that might cause cutinase unfolding. The interactions between cutinase and the bis-(2ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate interface are probably the driving force for cutinase unfolding at room temperature. Twenty-four hours after encapsulation, when cutinase is unfolded, a bimodal distribution was clearly observed. The radii of reversed micelles with unfolded cutinase were determined and found to be considerable larger than the radii of the empty reversed micelles. The majority of the reversed micelles were empty (90-96% of mass) and the remainder (4-10%) containing unfolded cutinase were larger by 26-89 A. PMID:_PHONE_
 18. Multiangle dynamic light scattering analysis using an improved recursion algorithm
 NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
 Li, Lei; Li, Wei; Wang, Wanyan; Zeng, Xianjiang; Chen, Junyao; Du, Peng; Yang, Kecheng
 2015-10-01
 Multiangle dynamic light scattering (MDLS) compensates for the low information in a single-angle dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement by combining the light intensity autocorrelation functions from a number of measurement angles. Reliable estimation of PSD from MDLS measurements requires accurate determination of the weighting coefficients and an appropriate inversion method. We propose the Recursion Nonnegative Phillips-Twomey (RNNPT) algorithm, which is insensitive to the noise of correlation function data, for PSD reconstruction from MDLS measurements. The procedure includes two main steps: 1) the calculation of the weighting coefficients by the recursion method, and 2) the PSD estimation through the RNNPT algorithm. And we obtained suitable regularization parameters for the algorithm by using MR-L-curve since the overall computational cost of this method is sensibly less than that of the L-curve for large problems. Furthermore, convergence behavior of the MR-L-curve method is in general superior to that of the L-curve method and the error of MR-L-curve method is monotone decreasing. First, the method was evaluated on simulated unimodal lognormal PSDs and multimodal lognormal PSDs. For comparison, reconstruction results got by a classical regularization method were included. Then, to further study the stability and sensitivity of the proposed method, all examples were analyzed using correlation function data with different levels of noise. The simulated results proved that RNNPT method yields more accurate results in the determination of PSDs from MDLS than those obtained with the classical regulation method for both unimodal and multimodal PSDs.
 19. Polyelectrolyte Conformation, Interactions and Hydrodynamics as Studied by Light Scattering.
 NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
 Ghosh, Snehasish
 Polyelectrolyte conformation, interactions and hydrodynamics show a marked dependence on the ionic strength (C_{rm s}) of the medium, the concentration (C_{rm p}) of the polymer itself and their charge density (xi). The apparent electrostatic persistence length obtained from static light scattering varied approximately as the inverse square root of C _{rm s} for highly pure, high molecular weight hyaluronate (HA) as well as for variably ionized acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymers (NaPAA), and linearly with xi. The experimental values of persistence length and second virial coefficient (A_2) are compared to predictions from theories based on the Debye-Huckel approximation for the Poisson-Boltzmann equation and on excluded-volume. Although the mean square radius of gyration (< S^2>) depended strongly on C _{rm s}. < S^2> decreasing with increasing C_{rm s} for both HA and NaPAA indicating clear evidence of polyion expansion, dynamic light scattering values of the translational diffusion coefficient (D) remains constant when extrapolated to infinite polymer concentration for both the polymers. The behavior of D is compared to predictions from coupled mode theory in the linear limit. The effects of NaOH on the conformations, interactions, diffusion and hydrolysis rates of HA are characterized in detail using static, dynamic and time-dependent light scattering supplemented by size exclusion chromatography (SEC). For the HA < S^2>, A_2 and the hydrolysis rates all resemble superposing titration curves, while the D remains independent of both the concentration of NaOH, and the contraction of < S^2>. The indication is that the interactions, conformations and the hydrolysis rates are all controlled by the titration of the HA hydroxyl groups by the NaOH to yield -O ^-, which (i) destroys single strand hydrogen bonds, leading to de-stiffening and contraction of the HA coil and a large decrease in intermolecular interaction, and (ii) slowly depolymerizes HA. The experimental
 20. Phase separation of polymer mixtures induced by light and heat: a comparative study by light scattering
 NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
 Ochi, Yuki; Kawakubo, Rie; Van-Pham, Dan-Thuy; Kitamura, Yuki; Nakanishi, Hideyuki; Norisuye, Tomohisa; Tran-Cong-Miyata, Qui
 2015-12-01
 Phase separation of binary blends composed of a polystyrene derivative (PS) and poly (vinyl methyl ether) (PVME) with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) was experimentally induced by two different methods: heating and UV light irradiation. Using laser light scattering combined with the temperature jump (T-jump) technique, it was demonstrated that in the case of heating, the mixture undergoes phase separation via the nucleation-and-growth (NG) and the spinodal decomposition (SN) processes under shallow and deep quenches, respectively. Particularly, the crossover from the spinodal decomposition to the nucleation-and-growth process was observed at long time under a deep T-jump by light-scattering experiments. On the other hand, in the photo-crosslink case, the PS/PVME blends undergo a nucleation-and-growth process upon irradiation with weak light intensity, whereas the mixture exhibits the spinodal decomposition under irradiation with strong light intensity. From the analysis of the light-scattering data obtained for the blends under the photo-crosslink, the kinetic data reveal the suppression of morphologies having large characteristic length scales. This feature clearly differs from the phase separation induced by heating where no mode-suppression process was observed. It was also found that distribution of the characteristic length scales (the regularity) of the morphology becomes narrow as the phase separation proceeds for reacting blends, whereas it becomes broader as the phase separation proceeds by heating, revealing the important roles of reaction in the suppression of fluctuations with long wavelengths. These experimental results establish a method to control the length scales and the regularity of the morphology of polymer blends by chemical reaction.
 1. Resolving the electromagnetic mechanism of surface-enhanced light scattering at single hot spots
 PubMed Central
 Alonso-González, P.; Albella, P.; Schnell, M.; Chen, J.; Huth, F.; García-Etxarri, A.; Casanova, F.; Golmar, F.; Arzubiaga, L.; Hueso, L.E.; Aizpurua, J.; Hillenbrand, R.
 2012-01-01
 Light scattering at nanoparticles and molecules can be dramatically enhanced in the 'hot spots' of optical antennas, where the incident light is highly concentrated. Although this effect is widely applied in surface-enhanced optical sensing, spectroscopy and microscopy, the underlying electromagnetic mechanism of the signal enhancement is challenging to trace experimentally. Here we study elastically scattered light from an individual object located in the well-defined hot spot of single antennas, as a new approach to resolve the role of the antenna in the scattering process. We provide experimental evidence that the intensity elastically scattered off the object scales with the fourth power of the local field enhancement provided by the antenna, and that the underlying electromagnetic mechanism is identical to the one commonly accepted in surface-enhanced Raman scattering. We also measure the phase shift of the scattered light, which provides a novel and unambiguous fingerprint of surface-enhanced light scattering. PMID:22353715
 2. The application of scattered light to transmitted light rate in the measurement of milk constituents
 NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
 Zhou, Zhen; Wu, Juan; Zou, Zhongyu; Zhao, Hong
 2006-11-01
 This paper presents a new method to measure the constituents of the milk, which uses the scattered light to transmitted light rate of the laser(called s-t rate for short) to detect the protein and fat content of the milk. The basic theory is discussed in the test in detail and the feasibility of the plan is analyzed. A relation curve between the fat and protein of milk and


Foundational Metrics Analysis Poster
This project assesses the feasibility and usefulness of metrics for measuring change in the evolving electricity infrastructure. Metrics and associated methods are being developed to assess the power grid's evolution with respect to characteristics that are organized into the following six categories: Reliability, resilience, flexibility, sustainability, affordability, and security.


text:
Gunung Padang is an ancient site located on the island of Java in Indonesia. It is a series of megalithic structures that are thought to date back to at least the 5th millennium BCE. The site consists of several terraced levels that are made of large stone blocks, and it is located on the slope of a mountain.
Gunung Padang lies in Karyamukti, Campaka, Cianjur, on West-Java, 30 km southwest of Cianjur.
The history of Gunung Padang is not well understood, and there are many theories about the site's purpose and significance. Some experts believe that it may have been used as a ceremonial center or a place of worship, while others think it may have been a fortified settlement or a astronomical observatory.
There has been much debate and controversy surrounding the site, as some researchers claim that it may be much older than previously thought. In 2014, a team of researchers announced that they had discovered evidence of a pyramid-like structure beneath the surface of the site, which they believed could be as much as 20,000 years old. However, these claims have been met with skepticism by many archaeologists and scientists, and further research is needed to confirm the age and significance of the site.


text:
Floor Bed Ikea
Floor Bed Ikea was published at October 5, 2017 at 5:52 am. This article is published on the Floor category. Floor Bed Ikea is tagged with Floor Bed Ikea, Floor, Bed, Ikea..
Floorfloor (flôr, flōr),USA pronunciation n.
- that part of a room, hallway, or the like, that forms its lower enclosing surface and upon which one walks.
- a continuous, supporting surface extending horizontally throughout a building, having a number of rooms, apartments, or the like, and constituting one level or stage in the structure;
- a level, supporting surface in any structure: the elevator floor.
- one of two or more layers of material composing a floor: rough floor; finish floor.
- a platform or prepared level area for a particular use: a threshing floor.
- the bottom of any more or less hollow place: the floor of a tunnel.
- a more or less flat extent of surface: the floor of the ocean.
- the part of a legislative chamber, meeting room, etc., where the members sit, and from which they speak.
- the right of one member to speak from such a place in preference to other members: The senator from Alaska has the floor.
- the area of a floor, as in a factory or retail store, where items are actually made or sold, as opposed to offices, supply areas, etc.: There are only two salesclerks on the floor.
- the main part of a stock or commodity exchange or the like, as distinguished from the galleries, platform, etc.
- the bottom, base, or minimum charged, demanded, or paid: The government avoided establishing a price or wage floor.
- an underlying stratum, as of ore, usually flat.
- the bottom of a hull.
- any of a number of deep, transverse framing members at the bottom of a steel or iron hull, generally interrupted by and joined to any vertical keel or keelsons.
- the lowermost member of a frame in a wooden vessel.
- mop or wipe the floor with, [Informal.]to overwhelm completely;
defeat: He expected to mop the floor with his opponents.
- take the floor, to arise to address a meeting.
- to cover or furnish with a floor.
- to bring down to the floor or ground;
knock down: He floored his opponent with one blow.
- to overwhelm;
- to confound or puzzle;
nonplus: I was floored by the problem.
- Also, floorboard. to push (a foot-operated accelerator pedal) all the way down to the floor of a vehicle, for maximum speed or power.
Bedbed (bed),USA pronunciation n., v., bed•ded, bed•ding.
- a piece of furniture upon which or within which a person sleeps, rests, or stays when not well.
- the mattress and bedclothes together with the bedstead of a bed.
- the bedstead alone.
- the act of or time for sleeping: Now for a cup of cocoa and then bed.
- the use of a bed for the night;
lodging: I reserved a bed at the old inn.
- the marital relationship.
- any resting place: making his bed under a tree.
- something resembling a bed in form or position.
- a piece or area of ground in a garden or lawn in which plants are grown.
- an area in a greenhouse in which plants are grown.
- the plants in such areas.
- the bottom of a lake, river, sea, or other body of water.
- a piece or part forming a foundation or base.
- a layer of rock;
- a foundation surface of earth or rock supporting a track, pavement, or the like: a gravel bed for the roadway.
- the underside of a stone, brick, slate, tile, etc., laid in position.
- the upper side of a stone laid in position.
- the layer of mortar in which a brick, stone, etc., is laid.
- the natural stratification of a stone: a stone laid on bed.
- skirt (def. 6b).
- the flat surface in a printing press on which the form of type is laid.
- the body or, sometimes, the floor or bottom of a truck or trailer.
- a compact mass of a substance functioning in a reaction as a catalyst or reactant.
- the canvas surface of a trampoline.
- the smooth, wooden floor of a bowling alley.
- the slate surface of a billiard table to which the cloth is fastened.
- flesh enveloping the base of a claw, esp. the germinative layer beneath the claw.
- Also called mock, mock mold. [Shipbuilding.]a shaped steel pattern upon which furnaced plates for the hull of a vessel are hammered to shape.
- See bed and board.
- get up on the wrong side of the bed, to be irritable or bad-tempered from the start of a day: Never try to reason with him when he's gotten up on the wrong side of the bed.
- go to bed:
- to retire, esp. for the night.
- to engage in sexual relations.
- go to bed with, to have sexual intercourse with.
- in bed:
- beneath the covers of a bed.
- engaged in sexual intercourse.
- jump or get into bed with, to form a close, often temporary, alliance, usually with an unlikely ally: Industry was charged with jumping into bed with labor on the issue.
- make a bed, to fit a bed with sheets and blankets.
- make one's bed, to be responsible for one's own actions and their results: You've made your bed--now lie in it.
- put to bed:
- to help (a child, invalid, etc.) go to bed.
- to lock up (forms) in a press in preparation for printing.
- to work on the preparation of (an edition of a newspaper, periodical, etc.) up to the time of going to press.
- to provide with a bed.
- to put to bed.
- [Hort.]to plant in or as in a bed.
- to lay flat.
- to place in a bed or layer: to bed oysters.
- to embed, as in a substance: bedding the flagstones in concrete.
- to take or accompany to bed for purposes of sexual intercourse.
- to have sleeping accommodations: He says we can bed there for the night.
- to form a compact layer or stratum.
- (of a metal structural part) to lie flat or close against another part.
- [Archaic.]to go to bed.
- bed down:
- to make a bed for (a person, animal, etc.).
- to retire to bed: They put out the fire and decided to bed down for the night.
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text:
The distinction between networks and augmented trees is interesting from a biological, computational and mathematical point of view. An augmented tree is the result of adding cross-connecting branches to a tree, turning it into a network. So each augmented tree is a network (called a tree-based network). But is each network an augmented tree? In a previous blog post we showed that this is not the case. There exist networks that are inherently network-like and cannot be obtained by adding branches to a tree. (If we are allowed to create new nodes by subdividing branches of the tree, but are not allowed to subdivide any of the previously-added branches.)
The biological question here is as follows: is evolution a tree-like process augmented with horizontal events, or is evolutionary inherently network-like?
This concept is also relevant to phylogenetic network reconstruction approaches, because several such methods work by adding edges to an estimated species tree. Therefore, there exist networks that will always be missed by such methods.
Interestingly, it has turned out that it is easy to find out if a given network is tree-based or not. A polynomial-time algorithm was presented recently by Francis and Steel:
Andrew Francis and Mike Steel, Which Phylogenetic Networks are Merely Trees with Additional Arcs? Systematic Biology (2015).
They solve the problem by reducing it to a model called 2-SAT, which is interesting because it automatically leads to a very simple and fast algorithm solving the problem.
An interesting question that remains open is the following. Given a network and a tree, can we decide in polynomial time if the network can be obtained by adding edges to the given tree? Another question is whether there exists a clean graph-theoretic characterisation of tree-based networks.
Below you see Mike Steel presenting their recent paper at the Phylogenetic Networks Workshop in Singapore. He also discussed other recent results, concerning folding and unfolding phylogenetic trees and networks, as well as distance-based methods for detecting reticulation.


text:
K Ratnaji Rao
Articles written in Bulletin of Materials Science
Volume 8 Issue 1 February 1986 pp 81-89
Changes in the grain size and crystallographic texture during warm working and their influence on the room temperature mechanical properties are investigated on Cd, Zn and a Zn-Al alloy. The yield strength increase in the early stages of working in extruded cadmium is accounted for based on the development of a basal texture while in rolled zinc and zinc alloy, the properties are affected more by the grain size. Cadmium exhibits ductile fracture at all extrusion ratios whereas the fracture mode in zinc and the alloy changes from cleavage at small rolling strains to ductile at higher deformation strains.
Volume 43, 2020
Continuous Article Publishing mode
Click here for Editorial Note on CAP Mode


text:
In relation to sex, when is it considered permissible to gives oneself to another? If what one is waiting for is love, then why does a piece of paper stating marriage have to stop a person from connecting himself/herself with his/her love physically and spiritually? A piece of paper will not stop a breakup. If this is all true, then why does the dilemma of if to have sex or not plague one's mind?
Read another response by Louise Antony
Read another response about Sex


text:
Embargo expired: 11/9/2009 3:00 PM EST
Source Newsroom: Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center
Newswise — In an advance that could one day enable surgeons to reconstruct and restore function to damaged or diseased penile tissue in humans, researchers at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center's Institute for Regenerative Medicine have used tissue engineering techniques to completely replace penile erectile tissue in animals.
In the online early edition (Nov. 9-13) of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the researchers report success using cells from rabbits to grow replacement penile erectile tissue for the animals in the laboratory. After implantation with the replacement tissue, the rabbits had normal sexual function and produced offspring. This is the most complete replacement of functional penile erectile tissue reported to date.
"Further studies are required, of course, but our results are encouraging and suggest that the technology has considerable potential for patients who need penile reconstruction," said Anthony Atala, M.D., institute director. "Our hope is that patients with congenital abnormalities, penile cancer, traumatic injury and some cases of erectile dysfunction will benefit from this technology in the future."
Reconstructing damaged or diseased penile erectile tissue has traditionally been a challenge because of the tissue's unique structure and complex function. There is no replacement for this tissue that allows for normal sexual function. Various surgeries have been attempted, often multi-stage procedures that can involve a silicone penile prosthesis, but natural erectile function is generally not restored.
The Wake Forest Baptist scientists set out to solve this problem by working to engineer replacement erectile tissue in the lab. In an earlier study, also in rabbits, they engineered short segments of erectile tissue that had 50 percent of the function of native tissue. The current study attempted to improve on those results.
The Wake Forest Baptist team was the first in the world to engineer a human organ in the laboratory --bladders that have been implanted in almost 30 children and adults. Many of the same techniques used to build bladders were used in the current study.
The scientists first harvested smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, the same type of cells that line blood vessels, from the animals' erectile tissue. These cells were multiplied in the laboratory. Using a two-step process, the cells were injected into a three-dimensional scaffold that provided support while the cells developed. As early as one month after implanting the scaffold in the animal's penis, organized tissue with vessel structures began to form.
The cells were injected into scaffolds on two separate days, enabling them to hold almost six times as many smooth muscle cells as in the previous studies – which the scientists believe was a key to success. During an erection, it is the relaxation of smooth muscle tissue that allows an influx of blood into the penis. The relaxation is triggered by the release of nitric oxide from endothelial cells.
"Increasing the density of smooth muscle cells led to normal erectile pressures within the tissue," said Atala, who is also a professor and chair of urology at Wake Forest Baptist.
Functional testing of the implanted tissue showed that vessel pressure within the erectile tissue was normal, that blood flowed smoothly through it, that the response to nitric oxide-induced relaxation was normal as early as one month after implantation, and that veins drained normally after erection.
When the animals with the engineered tissue mated with females, vaginal swabs contained sperm in eight of 12 instances and four of the 12 females were impregnated.
"These results are encouraging," said Atala. "They indicate the possibility of using laboratory-engineered tissue in men who require reconstructive procedures. A lack of erectile tissue currently prevents us from restoring sexual function to these patients."
The erectile tissue the scientists engineered is known as the corpora cavernosa penis. Two columns of this sponge-like tissue form a significant part of the penis. These structures, which are bound together with connective tissue and covered with skin, fill with blood during erection.
Co-researchers on the project were Kuo-Liang Chen, M.D., China Medical University Hospital in Taiwan, Daniel Eberli, M.D., University of Zurich, Switzerland, and James Yoo, M.D., Ph.D., with Wake Forest. Chen and Eberli were both at Wake Forest at the time the research was conducted.
About the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine
The Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine (_URL_) is an established center dedicated to the discovery, development and clinical translation of regenerative medicine technologies by leading faculty. The institute has used biomaterials alone, cell therapies, and engineered tissues and organs for the treatment of patients with injury or disease. The Institute is based at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center (_URL_), an academic health system comprised of North Carolina Baptist Hospital, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, which operates the university's School of Medicine, and Wake Forest University Physicians. The system is consistently ranked as one of "America's Best Hospitals" by U.S. News & World Report.


stri_enc_detect: Detect Character Set and Language
Description
This function uses the ICU engine to determine the character set, or encoding, of character data in an unknown format.
Usage
stri_enc_detect(str, filter_angle_brackets = FALSE)
Arguments
str
character vector, a raw vector, or a list of raw vectors
filter_angle_brackets
logical; If filtering is enabled, text within angle brackets ('<' and '>') will be removed before detection, which will remove most HTML or XML markup.
Details
Vectorized over str and filter_angle_brackets.
For a character vector input, merging all text lines via stri_flatten(str, collapse='n') might be needed if str has been obtained via a call to readLines and in fact represents an image of a single text file.
This is, at best, an imprecise operation using statistics and heuristics. Because of this, detection works best if you supply at least a few hundred bytes of character data that is mostly in a single language. However, because the detection only looks at a limited amount of the input data, some of the returned character sets may fail to handle all of the input data. Note that in some cases, the language can be determined along with the encoding.
Several different techniques are used for character set detection. For multi-byte encodings, the sequence of bytes is checked for legible patterns. The detected characters are also checked against a list of frequently used characters in that encoding. For single byte encodings, the data is checked against a list of the most commonly occurring three letter groups for each language that can be written using that encoding.
The detection process can be configured to optionally ignore HTML or XML style markup (using ICU's internal facilities), which can interfere with the detection process by changing the statistics.
This function should most often be used for byte-marked input strings, especially after loading them from text files and before the main conversion with stri_encode. The input encoding is of course not taken into account here, even if marked.
The following table shows all the encodings that can be detected:
Character_Set
Languages
UTF-8
UTF-16BE
UTF-16LE
UTF-32BE
UTF-32LE
Shift_JIS
Japanese
ISO-2022-JP
Japanese
ISO-2022-CN
Simplified Chinese
ISO-2022-KR
Korean
GB18030
Chinese
Big5
Traditional Chinese
EUC-JP
Japanese
EUC-KR
Korean
ISO-8859-1
Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Swedish
ISO-8859-2
Czech, Hungarian, Polish, Romanian
ISO-8859-5
Russian
ISO-8859-6
Arabic
ISO-8859-7
Greek
ISO-8859-8
Hebrew
ISO-8859-9
Turkish
windows-1250
Czech, Hungarian, Polish, Romanian
windows-1251
Russian
windows-1252
Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Swedish
windows-1253
Greek
windows-1254
Turkish
windows-1255
Hebrew
windows-1256
Arabic
KOI8-R
Russian
IBM420
Arabic
IBM424
Hebrew
Value
Returns a list of length equal to the length of str. Each list element is a data frame with the following three named vectors representing all the guesses:
 - Encoding – string; guessed encodings; NA on failure,
 - Language – string; guessed languages; NA if the language could not be determined (e.g., in case of UTF-8),
 - Confidence – numeric in [0,1]; the higher the value, the more confidence there is in the match; NA on failure.
The guesses are ordered by decreasing confidence.
References
Character Set Detection – ICU User Guide, _URL_
Examples
## Not run:
f <- rawToChar(readBin('test.txt', 'raw', 100000))
stri_enc_detect(f)
## End(Not run)


text:
- 294 pages
- ePUB (mobile friendly)
- Available on iOS & Android
About This Book
The ever evolving technology of waterproofing presents challenges and risks for architects and engineers who do not specialize in the field. The revised edition of The Manual of Below-Grade Waterproofing Systems provides the education and product information to enable designers to take a sound, fundamental approach to these contemporary challenges.
Building designers specify waterproofing systems and materials that are often based on limited and subjective manufacturers' literature or past experience with systems that work under specific conditions, but will fail in other installations. Leakage usually leads to litigation. This book gives you the tools to prevent that.
This manual covers the history and science of waterproofing materials, the considerable distinctions between waterproofing roofs and plazas and below-grade surfaces, the critical procedures for protecting waterproofing materials during construction, diagnosing and remediating leaks, writing specifications, and detailing waterproofing components. The pros and cons of every waterproofing material and system are comprehensively covered. You will learn how to:
- weigh positive- versus negative-side waterproofing systems
- weigh dampproofing versus waterproofing
- coordinate with all the professionals in the waterproofing delivery chain
- follow environmental protection and government regulations
This book is an essential resource for architects, civil engineers, contractors, designers, materials manufacturers, and all other professionals involved with the design and construction of underground spaces.


text:
Modelling acidosis and the cell cycle in multicellular tumour spheroids.
Tindall MJ., Dyson L., Smallbone K., Maini PK.
A partial differential equation model is developed to understand the effect that nutrient and acidosis have on the distribution of proliferating and quiescent cells and dead cell material (necrotic and apoptotic) within a multicellular tumour spheroid. The rates of cell quiescence and necrosis depend upon the local nutrient and acid concentrations and quiescent cells are assumed to consume less nutrient and produce less acid than proliferating cells. Analysis of the differences in nutrient consumption and acid production by quiescent and proliferating cells shows low nutrient levels do not necessarily lead to increased acid concentration via anaerobic metabolism. Rather, it is the balance between proliferating and quiescent cells within the tumour which is important; decreased nutrient levels lead to more quiescent cells, which produce less acid than proliferating cells. We examine this effect via a sensitivity analysis which also includes a quantification of the effect that nutrient and acid concentrations have on the rates of cell quiescence and necrosis.


232 CARDPIOINI LI R12,>1300 PLACE RS232 CARD CRU ADDRESS IN R12 SBO 0 ACTIVATE CARD SBO 7 TURN CARD LED ON RT ** RETURN TO XBRETURN SBZ 7 TURN CARD LED OFF SBZ 0 INACTIVATE RS232 CARD MOV @REGSTR,R11 MOV @REGSTR+2,R13 MOV @REGSTR+4,R14 MOV @REGSTR+6,R15 RT END

The first thing your program should include are these 2 lines:
CALL INIT
CALL LOAD("DSKx.PIOLIB")
Replace the x with the drive number where the file resides. These statements load up the utilities needed to control the parallel port. The following is a description of the actual control statements you will have available:
CALL LINK("DATOUT",n)
n is an integer between 0 and 255 and can be an explicit number or a numeric variable. The number is converted to binary and put out on the 8 data lines of the parallel port. This will allow you to control any or all of the data lines just by selecting the appropriate number. A discussion of the conversion between decimal and binary is beyond the scope of this blog, but the information is easy to obtain online and to understand.
CALL LINK("DATIN",var)
var is a numeric variable. This call will read the data lines of the parallel port, convert them to a decimal number, and place it in the variable. Based on the number returned, you will be able to tell which data lines were active.
CALL LINK("SPROUT",n)
n can be either 0 or 1, thus making the SPROUT line either low or high respectively.
CALL LINK("SPRIN",var)
var is a numeric variable. This call returns the logic state of the SPRIN line, 1 for high, 0 for low.
CALL LINK("HSKOUT",n)
n can be either 0 or 1, thus making the HSKOUT line either low or high respectively.
CALL LINK("HSKIN",var)
var is a numeric variable. This call returns the logic state of the HSKIN line, 1 for high, 0 for low.
That's it! With these calls, you will be able to take complete control of the parallel port at the low level.
Now for the fun part :) I'm going to demonstrate all these routines in action. I created a setup using LED's connected to the parallel port which will provide a visual demonstration of the XB commands. Here's the basic circuit:
blogentry-25753-0-20029400-1484683366_thumb.jpg
blogentry-25753-0-83917400-1484683778_thumb.jpg
There is no need for an external power supply in this case because the circuit draws very little current. However, for more advanced interfacing, an external power supply will likely be needed. Note that the LED labeled D9 in the picture above should actually be D7.
For starters, here's a simple XB program that asks you to input a number between 0 and 255, and outputs it to the parallel port, lighting up the appropriate LED. It's a good way to brush up on your decimal to binary conversion knowlege :)
10 CALL CLEAR20 CALL INIT30 CALL LOAD("DSK5.PIOLIB")40 CALL LINK("DATOUT",0) :: CALL LINK("HSKOUT",0) :: CALL LINK("SPROUT",0)50 INPUT "ENTER NUMBER: ":N :: IF N<0 OR N>255 THEN 5060 CALL LINK("DATOUT",N) :: GOTO 50

Line 40 clears all the data and signal lines. This is important because the initial state of the lines when you start the computer up is unpredictable.
This next program exercises all the output lines by playing a game of ping pong between the HANDSHAKEOUT and SPAREOUT lines. First the HSKOUT LED lights up and throws the "ball" which travels along the data LED's. When it reaches the end, the SPROUT line lights up in turn to throw it back to the SPROUT LED. And so on and so forth.
10 CALL CLEAR20 CALL INIT30 CALL LOAD("DSK5.PIOLIB")40 CALL LINK("DATOUT",0) :: CALL LINK("HSKOUT",0) :: CALL LINK("SPROUT",0)50 CALL LINK("SPROUT",0) :: CALL LINK("HSKOUT",1)60 FOR I=0 TO 770 CALL LINK("HSKOUT",0)80 N=2^I :: CALL LINK("DATOUT",N)90 FOR DELAY=1 TO 10 :: NEXT DELAY100 NEXT I110 CALL LINK("SPROUT",1)120 FOR I=7 TO 0 STEP-1130 CALL LINK("SPROUT",0)140 N=2^I :: CALL LINK("DATOUT",N)150 FOR DELAY=1 TO 10 :: NEXT DELAY160 NEXT I170 GOTO 50

The main thing to understand here is that each data LED, from the LSB to the MSB, is represented by the value 2x, with x going from 0 to 7 for an 8 bit data bus. So 20 is 1, and the LSB LED lights up. Next, 21 is 2, and the second LED lights up, etc... Again this is basic binary notation. So in the program, line 50 lights up the HSKOUT LED and shuts off the SPROUT LED. Then it turns off the HSKOUT LED and starts a sequential lighting of the data LED's from 20 to 27. Once it gets to the end, the SPROUT LED lights up, then it turns off and the data LED's are sequentially lit in reverse from 27 to 20, then the cycle starts over.
This last program demonstrates the HANDSHAKEIN AND SPAREIN lines:
10 CALL CLEAR20 CALL INIT30 CALL LOAD("DSK5.PIOLIB")40 CALL LINK("HSKIN",HSK) :: CALL LINK("SPRIN",SPR)50 PRINT "HSK: ";HSK;" SPR: ";SPR60 GOTO 40

All it does is poll the HSKIN and SPRIN lines and display their status. For this test, you need to supply a 5V power source to the setup in order to provide a logic state to the input lines. The same process is applicable to the data lines when used for input.
These XB demo programs are included on the attached disk as well. Here's a video demonstrating all 3 programs in action on real hardware:
_URL_
You should now have all the needed information and tools to go ahead and start experimenting with connecting your TI to the real world. You are only bound by your imagination! Feel free to ask for help if you run into any snags.

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Wowza!!! I was in the middle of writing some low oevel routines to.do just this!!! But you have saved me a bunch of work.

Thanks, Vorticon!!
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This information is very important for any projects I have in mind using the parallel port. I cant find the disk image.
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What causes most myocardial infarction-related deaths, and what can prehospital care providers do to improve outcomes?
Updated: May 07, 2019
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Most deaths caused by MI occur early and are attributable to primary ventricular fibrillation (VF). Therefore, initial objectives are immediate ECG monitoring; electric cardioversion in cases of VF; and rapid transfer of the patient to facilitate prompt coronary assessment.
Prehospital integration of ECG interpretation has been shown to decrease "door-to-balloon time," allow paramedics to bypass non–percutaneous coronary intervation (PCI)–capable hospitals in favor of PCI-capable facilities, and to expedite care by allowing an emergency department physician to activate the catheterization laboratory before the patient's arrival.
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»Home » Products center» Powder Production Equipment
Plasma Atomization and Chemical Composition Methods Manufacturing Composite Powder Material Equipment
Type: Powder Production Equipment
Input Size: powder, wire or melt
Processed Materials: metals or alloys
Applications: Plasma Atomization Equipment's output powders are mainly acting as raw materials of powder metallurgy products and also can be used for catalyst, painting, pigment, etc.
send _EMAIL_
1. The plasma, as a technology under ultimate conditions, is an advanced and new technology in the application for the synthesis and production of powdered material, and currently prevails among studies in many countries.
2. Its working principles refer to several steps.
Firstly, injecting solid particles into inert gas plasma and completely evaporate them under the high temperature of the plasma, existing as steam.
Secondly, cooling them fast with gas quenching cooling technology.
Finally, allowing saturated steam to be rapidly condensed, nucleated, grew and formed into superfine powder.
Owning to its cutting-edge technology, the equipment series are commonly applied to the production of superfine/nano-powdered material with highly chemical purity:
1.Metals: Cu, Fe, Al, Mo, W, Ni, Re, Ta, Ti and their alloys;
2.Oxides: Al2O3, MgO, TiO2, ZrO2, SiO2 and so on;
3.Carbides: WC, TiC, B4C, SiC and so on;
4.Nitrides: AiN, TiN, BN, Si3N4 and so on.
Powder production
Quenching Other:
1000kg/batch Other:


text:
While still in the midst of their study abroad experiences, students at Linfield College write reflective essays. Their essays address issues of cultural similarity and difference, compare lifestyles, mores, norms, and habits between their host countries and home, and examine changes in perceptions about their host countries and the United States. In this essay, Anne Walkup describes her observations during her study abroad program at the University of Seville in Spain.
Walkup, Anne, "Person to Person in Spain" (2019). 2019-20 Field Notes. Essay. Submission 2.


ComFedQuery Test
This test monitors the error statistics in the CCLogging database.
Target of the test : The TP server
Agent deploying the test : An internal agent
Outputs of the test : One set of outputs for every CCLogging database monitored.
Configurable parameters for the test
Parameter Description
Test period
How often should the test be executed
The host for which the test is to be configured.
Refers to the port at which the specified host listens to.
Enter the name of a specific MS SQL instance that is to be monitored. The default value of this parameter is "default". To monitor an MS SQL instance named "CFS", enter this as the value of the Instance parameter.
The IP/host name of the database host.
The port at which the database host listens.
The user name to be used for logging into the database. This user should be authorized to connect to the CCLogging database.
Enter the password for logging into the CClogging database
Confirm Password
Provide a comma-separated list of error message patterns to be monitored in the format, Displayname:messagepattern. Here, the Displayname is just a name that is used to uniquely identify the message pattern, and will be displayed in the monitor interface. The messagepattern is an expression of the form - *expr* or expr or *expr or expr* or *expr1*expr2*... or expr1*expr2, etc. A leading '*' signifies any number of leading characters, while a trailing '*' signifies any number of trailing characters. For example, Error1:*cc_err*,Error2:*login*.
Detailed Diagnosis
To make diagnosis more efficient and accurate, the eG Enterprise system embeds an optional detailed diagnostic capability. With this capability, the eG agents can be configured to run detailed, more elaborate tests as and when specific problems are detected. To enable the detailed diagnosis capability of this test for a particular server, choose the On option against Detailed Diagnosis. To disable the capability, click on the Off option.
The option to selectively enabled/disable the detailed diagnosis capability will be available only if the following conditions are fulfilled:
 - The eG manager license should allow the detailed diagnosis capability
 - Both the bad and normal frequencies configured for the detailed diagnosis measures should not be 0.
Measurements made by the test
Measurement Description Measurement Unit Interpretation
Errors found
Indicates the number of error messages logged into the CCLogging database.
The detailed diagnosis of this measure, if enabled, provides the details of the error messages that were logged into the CCLogging database.


text:
Salad Rap – Part 1
Students create a rap song/chant and dance promoting the components of their favorite salad, and use chant as a device to remember that plants do not eat and only plants produce food.
- Learn a rap song as a device to remember that plants do not eat, they produce food.
- Identify rhyming words to complete rap template.
- Identify sensory words by experiencing the garden and use those words to complete a rap.
- Share rap songs with other students.
Introduction: 15 minutes
Activity One: 1 hour
Activity Two: 1 hour


mooseFlickr / Al_HikesAZNot the alcoholic moose in question.
Humans aren't the only angry drunks out there. Alcohol use by animals shows up frequently in nature, too.
For example, Sweden's drunken moose (or possibly elk, according to another report) gang season is just beginning. In the fall, ripe fruit falls to the ground and ferments, giving even the giant moose enough alcohol to get a good buzz on.
A few weeks ago a Stockholm police incident report stated that a mob of the boozed-up moose — four adults and one calf — had been terrorizing a local homeowner after he refused to let them into his garden.
The Local talked to the policeman who filed the report: "I'm not surprised that he called the police when he was faced with a gang of five drunken elk," police spokesman Albin Näverberg told The Local. "They can be really dangerous. They become fearless. Instead of backing away when a person approaches, they move toward you. They may even take a run at you."
The boozy animals left the scene when the police showed up, according to the Alaska Dispatch. A similar story made news in 2011 when a drunk moose ended up stuck in a tree
Drunk animals aren't all that rare. The sugars in fruits are naturally turned into alcohols by fungus that feast on them. In the Stockholm case, the fruit in question was likely apples from the homeowner's tree. Even fruit flies get drunk — and get rid of parasites while they do it.
While a Scientific American story from 2008 claims to find scant evidence that animals like to get drunk in the wild, other anecdotal stories abound. Mother Nature News claims to have found five creatures who love getting drunk, including elephants and bears.
The reports of drunk elephants seem to be exaggerated, though. While the animals do eat alcoholic fruits from the Marula Tree in the wild, they don't eat nearly enough to get them drunk — that would take between 2.5 and 7 gallons of the fruit.
Some animals are used to the naturally occurring alcohols in fermented fruit, and even intentionally seek it out. One species of shrew can "drink" all night without ill effects, as can some fruit bats.
Not all animals get drunk naturally, though. Over the weekend feral pig was spotted ravaging a Western Australian campsite for beers. After stealing what was reported as 18 beers from campers, the pig was seen getting into a fight with a cow, according to ABC News.


++ed by:
TOBYINK ZMUGHAL AZAWAWI DRTECH PAWAPAWA
6 PAUSE user(s)
6 non-PAUSE user(s).
Dmitry Karasik
NAME
Prima::codecs - How to write a codec for Prima image subsystem
DESCRIPTION
How to write a codec for Prima image subsystem
Start simple
There are many graphical formats in the world, and yet more libraries, that depend on them. Writing a codec that supports particular library is a tedious task, especially if one wants many formats. Usually you never want to get into internal parts, the functionality comes first, and who needs all those funky options that format provides? We want to load a file and to show it. Everything else comes later - if ever. So, in a way to not scare you off, we start it simple.
Load
Define a callback function like:
 static Bool
 load( PImgCodec instance, PImgLoadFileInstance fi)
 {
 }
Just that function is not enough for whole mechanism to work, but bindings will come later. Let us imagine we work with an imaginary library libduff, that we want to load files of .duf format. [ To discern imaginary code from real, imaginary will be prepended with _ - like, _libduff_loadfile ]. So, we call _libduff_loadfile(), that loads black-and-white, 1-bits/pixel images, where 1 is white and 0 is black.
 static Bool
 load( PImgCodec instance, PImgLoadFileInstance fi)
 {
 _LIBDUFF * _l = _libduff_load_file( fi-> fileName);
 if ( !_l) return false;
 // - create storage for our file
 CImage( fi-> object)-> create_empty( fi-> object,
 _l-> width, _l-> height, imBW);
 // Prima wants images aligned to 4-bytes boundary,
 // happily libduff has same considerations
 memcpy( PImage( fi-> object)-> data, _l-> bits,
 PImage( fi-> object)-> dataSize);
 _libduff_close_file( _l);
 return true;
 }
Prima keeps an open handle of the file; so we can use it if libduff trusts handles vs names:
 {
 _LIBDUFF * _l = _libduff_load_file_from_handle( fi-> f);
 ...
 // In both cases, you don't need to close the handle -
 // however you might, it is ok:
 _libduff_close_file( _l);
 fclose( fi-> f);
 // You just assign it to null to indicate that you've closed it
 fi-> f = null;
 ...
 }
Together with load() you have to implement minimal open_load() and close_load().
Simplest open_load() returns non-null pointer - it is enough to report 'o.k'
 static void *
 open_load( PImgCodec instance, PImgLoadFileInstance fi)
 {
 return (void*)1;
 }
Its result will be available in PImgLoadFileInstance-> instance, just in case. If it was dynamically allocated, free it in close_load(). Dummy close_load() is doing simply nothing:
 static void
 close_load( PImgCodec instance, PImgLoadFileInstance fi)
 {
 }
Writing to PImage-> data
As mentioned above, Prima insists on keeping its image data in 32-bit aligned scanlines. If libduff allows reading from file by scanlines, we can use this possibility as well:
 PImage i = ( PImage) fi-> object;
 // note - since this notation is more convenient than
 // PImage( fi-> object)-> , instead i-> will be used
 Byte * dest = i-> data + ( _l-> height - 1) * i-> lineSize;
 while ( _l-> height--) {
 _libduff_read_next_scanline( _l, dest);
 dest -= i-> lineSize;
 }
Note that image is filled in reverse - Prima images are built like classical XY-coordinate grid, where Y ascends upwards.
Here ends the simple part. You can skip down to "Registering with image subsystem" part, if you want it fast.
Single-frame loading
Palette
Our libduff can be black-and-white in two ways - where 0 is black and 1 is white and vice versa. While 0B/1W is perfectly corresponding to imbpp1 | imGrayScale and no palette operations are needed ( Image cares automatically about these), 0W/1B is although black-and-white grayscale but should be treated like general imbpp1 type.
 if ( l-> _reversed_BW) {
 i-> palette[0].r = i-> palette[0].g = i-> palette[0].b = 0xff;
 i-> palette[1].r = i-> palette[1].g = i-> palette[1].b = 0;
 }
NB. Image creates palette with size calculated by exponent of 2, since it can't know beforehand of the actual palette size. If color palette for, say, 4-bit image contains 15 of 16 possible for 4-bit image colors, code like
 i-> palSize = 15;
does the trick.
Data conversion
As mentioned before, Prima defines image scanline size to be aligned to 32 bits, and the formula for lineSize calculation is
 lineSize = (( width * bits_per_pixel + 31) / 32) * 4;
Prima defines number of converting routines between different data formats. Some of them can be applied to scanlines, and some to whole image ( due sampling algorithms ). These are defined in img_conv.h, and probably ones that you'll need would be bc_format1_format2, which work on scanlines and probably ibc_repad, which combines some bc_XX_XX with byte repadding.
For those who are especially lucky, some libraries do not check between machine byte format and file byte format. Prima unfortunately doesn't provide easy method for determining this situation, but you have to convert your data in appropriate way to keep picture worthy of its name. Note the BYTEORDER symbol that is defined ( usually ) in sys/types.h
Load with no data
If a high-level code just needs image information rather than all its bits, codec can provide it in a smart way. Old code will work, but will eat memory and time. A flag PImgLoadFileInstance-> noImageData is indicating if image data is needed. On that condition, codec needs to report only dimensions of the image - but the type must be set anyway. Here comes full code:
 static Bool
 load( PImgCodec instance, PImgLoadFileInstance fi)
 {
 _LIBDUFF * _l = _libduff_load_file( fi-> fileName);
 HV * profile = fi-> frameProperties;
 PImage i = ( PImage) fi-> frameProperties;
 if ( !_l) return false;
 CImage( fi-> object)-> create_empty( fi-> object, 1, 1,
 _l-> _reversed_BW ? imbpp1 : imBW);
 // copy palette, if any
 if ( _l-> _reversed_BW) {
 i-> palette[0].r = i-> palette[0].g = i-> palette[0].b = 0xff;
 i-> palette[1].r = i-> palette[1].g = i-> palette[1].b = 0;
 }
 if ( fi-> noImageData) {
 // report dimensions
 pset_i( width, _l-> width);
 pset_i( height, _l-> height);
 return true;
 }
 // - create storage for our file
 CImage( fi-> object)-> create_empty( fi-> object,
 _l-> width, _l-> height,
 _l-> _reversed_BW ? imbpp1 : imBW);
 // Prima wants images aligned to 4-bytes boundary,
 // happily libduff has same considerations
 memcpy( PImage( fi-> object)-> data, _l-> bits,
 PImage( fi-> object)-> dataSize);
 _libduff_close_file( _l);
 return true;
 }
The newly introduced macro pset_i is a convenience operator, assigning integer (i) as a value to a hash key, given as a first parameter - it becomes string literal upon the expansion. Hash used for storage is a lexical of type HV*. Code
 HV * profile = fi-> frameProperties;
 pset_


text:
A Brief History of the Bentley Continental Through the Ages
An icon of the Rolls-Royce and Bentley brand, the Continental brings luxury to the road and provides an excellent driving experience. The history of the Bentley Continental involves the evolution of a luxurious piece of technology. Here, you will find an exciting look into this vehicle's history and how it has developed into today's powerful machine.
Bentley Motors was its own brand until other car companies like Rolls-Royce and Volkswagen bought them. In the 1990s, under the Rolls-Royce brand, the Bentley Continental that we know today came into the automotive world based on a 1950's prototype called the R-Type Continental. The prototype inspired the Bentley Continental and its descendants throughout generations.
The First Line
After the R-Type Continental, Bentley Motors produced multiple grand touring models from 1955 to 1965 since long drives were a regular activity at the time. These models were the Bentley S1 Continental, Bentley S2 Continental, and the Bentley S3 Continental. Each model was more prominent than the last.
The history of the Bentley Continental through the ages includes a powerful engine. The engine of the S1 was designed as a better version of the R-Type Continental with over 4,000 ccs and straight-six-cylinder formatting. This engine derives from the design of World War II engines and made way for the S2 and S3 models.
In 1959, the S2 had the innovative Rolls Royce-Bentley L series V8 engine, which was a significant improvement from the straight-six that so many vehicles used during the war. The S3 shared the same engine with minor modifications to performance.
Each S model had a long front with a short back, and throughout manufacturing, the grill and the hood became slightly more expansive. The S1 is similar to the design of the Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud and includes a smoother independent suspension with better steering, braking, and a four-speed automatic gearbox. The S2 has multiple formats, including a drophead and a cabriolet but the general structure of a standard saloon car.
The S3 had two different models: the 1286 with a drophead and the 32 with a coach design. Bentley improved the interior with more legroom in the back and individual seats in the front instead of one large bench seat.
The S models were popular because so many people were amazed by the R-Type. The cost of the S1 original was over £8000, or $10,000, with customization costing more. The S2 and S3 cost over $15,000 and $16,000, respectively, the increase stemming from their improved engine and designs.
The Second Line
Nearly two decades after the S3, the Bentley Motor brand released a new line of Continentals with models R, S, and T. These models had a blockier design with sharper edges than most cars in the 80s and 90s.
The Bentley Continental and the Rolls-Royce Corniche
Within the history of the Bentley Continental through the ages, Bentley Motors remained under Rolls-Royce Motors, so it isn't surprising that there are two vehicles from different brands with the same design. The Rolls-Royce Corniche was a two-door model luxury car with an aluminum V8 engine produced in 1971. It wasn't until 1984 that the Bentley Continental came out with the same design and similar specs.
Both vehicles had various design types, such as a hardtop drophead for the Rolls-Royce and a cabriolet design for the Bentley. Bentley and Rolls-Royce produced numerous models of both cars and improved on them into the 21st century.
The first model since the original Bentley Continental came in the form of the Bentley Continental R. The Continental R was the first model produced by Bentley that didn't have a similar design to Rolls-Royce and the first to have an electronic gear selector on the steering column. This model included hydraulic suspension and ventilated disc brakes for better motor control and stopping power.
The Continental S was a limited edition model with slight upgrades compared to the Continental R. This model came with a charged cooler that used liquid to cool the turbo. Bentley manufactured only 37 of these for loyal customers.
In 1996, Bentley rolled out the Continental T, which offered more power, handling, and a shorter wheel column. The wheel arches were more prominent in this model, allowing for better torque. All three Continentals from this generation used a V8 engine with a four-speed automatic transmission, creating more speed and power options for drivers.
The original model for the second generation's original Bentley Continental sold at around $155,000 and increased in price as different models became available. The Continental R originally sold for over £178,000 ($270,000); this price rose to about £180,000 two years after its launch. The Continental S and Continental T were sold for thousands more, most likely due to the limited offer.
Third Line (Present)
The latest Bentley generation has come a long way since the mid-1900s. We see the design's modern appearance of smoothed edges and compact structure, and the hood is smaller due to the engine size and advanced mechanics.
The Continental GT is the latest Bentley model produced each year with a new model. This current generation of Bentley Continental has many features to offer compared to its ancestors.
The third generation of the Continental, as of 2022, has three different models: the first Continental GT, the Continental GTC, and the Flying Spur. The Continental GT and GTC are grand tourers with W12 engines (engines with four rows of three cylinders).
The GT model was the first Bentley model produced under Volkswagen's brand, and the GTC is the convertible version of the GT. An upgrade from the second generation, the Continental GT uses a six-speed transmission for more control of the vehicle's power. The Flying Spur has the same specifications in the engine and transmission but features a unique plastic grille made to look like chrome.
The Continental GT was initially sold at half the price of the Continental R, making it open for more sales to the public. Bentley's production rates increased sevenfold when they produced the Flying Spur, boosting sales and customer rates. The GTC model had a price tag of over $196,000 due to its convertible design.
The price decrease in Bentley models has made it easier to get Bentley Continental rentals. The widespread availability draws more people to the chance of driving a Bentley, even if it's for a brief time.
The Bentley Continental is a magnificent car that made a name for itself and its brand over the past half a century. Given its track record, Continental will continue to make better versions of this luxury vehicle for the world to experience.


Identifying Entities and Attributes
Im working on a MySQL question and need guidance to help me study.
The project description developed in W1 Assignment 3 is a first draft, so consider it a rough draft. This means that you should continue to develop your idea.
The next step is to select some nouns in your project description. For example, a project has invoices, invoice distributions, and suppliers as nouns. These nouns are entities, or tables, that would be used to create the E-R model. Then, the adjectives and verbs that describe the nouns would become the attributes, or columns.
Therefore, in the example that we considered, we might have the following entities and attributes:
Invoices Invoice_Distributions Suppliers
# Invoice_id # Invoice_distribution_id # Supplier_id
Invoice_num Invoice_distribution_line_num Name
Invoice_type Line_type Address
Supplier_id Invoice_id
Using your knowledge of selecting entities and attributes, complete the following tasks for this week:
 - Review your project descriptions and come up with five entities and some attributes that describe the entities. Do not identify more than five attributes for each entity.
 - In a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, define six columns (nouns) from the project description you submitted in W1 Assignment 3 that you consider key to your database. These will be the tables for the database. Then, in the rows for each column, define the attributes (adjectives).
You have taken your creative idea and started to move the nouns and adjectives you identified in a logical modelthe E-R model. This will give you a working outline of the tables that will be created in the final script.
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text:
Equivalent Circuit Model for OPV Cells
Equivalent circuit model for OPV cells
Organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) are, in fact, very complex electric systems and an approach to aid understanding of their electrical properties is to model the devices using electrical components, observe how the model-fit parameters change with any treatment that is applied to the OPV, and to give a realistic and scientific physical explanation for this OPV behaviour. The one-diode model (ODM) or two-diode model (TDM) has been worked well in modelling the normal I-V curve of the OPV.
However, the current-voltage (I-V) characteristic of OPV devices sometimes exhibits a kink, often referred to as an "s-shaped" I-V curve. This kink reduces the fill factor (FF), which in turn lowers the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the OPVs. In my project a new equivalent circuit model is proposed by modifying the ODM. This model is able to account for the "s-shaped" I-V curve and to extract their model-fit parameters across the full range of the I-V curve and therefore is of use to probe the underlying physical processes in OPV devices.
The University of Newcastle acknowledges the traditional custodians of the lands within our footprint areas: Awabakal, Darkinjung, Biripai, Worimi, Wonnarua, and Eora Nations. We also pay respect to the wisdom of our Elders past and present.


text:
incised carving, as opposed to carving in relief.
ornamentation with a figure or design sunk below the surface.
a gem, seal, piece of jewelry, or the like, cut with an incised or sunken design.
an incised or countersunk die.
a figure or design so produced.
a process in which
a design, text, etc., is engraved into the surface of a plate so that when ink is applied and the excess is wiped off, ink remains in the grooves and is transferred to paper in printing, as in engraving or etching.
an impression or printing from such a design, engraving, etc.
verb (used with object)
to incise or display in intaglio.
is one of our favorite verbs.
So is absquatulate. Does it mean:
derivative of intagliare
to cut in, engrave, equivalent to inin-2
to cut < Late Latin tāliāre,
derivative of Latin tālea
a cutting; see tally