) text, Config cfg = Config());
 this(UI ui, int nlines, int ncols, int y, int x,
 string text, Config cfg = Config());
The first one creates a label with dynamic text, the second one - with static.
struct Label.Config
Has following fields:
 - chtype attribute = Attr.normal - attribute to use when drawing the text.
 - Align alignment = Align.left - controls how the text is aligned.
class ProgressBar
A class for progress bars. They are not selectable and can't signal anything to the processing loop.
A single constructor is available:
 this(UI ui, int nlines, int ncols, int y, int x, Config cfg = Config());
The percentage of filledness of a progress bar can be queried and set via percentage property (a double from [0, 1] range).
struct ProgressBar.Config
Has following fields:
 - wint_t empty = '-' - a character to use for drawing empty areas of the progress bar.
 - wint_t filled = '#' - a character to use for drawing filled areas of the progress bar.
 - chtype emptyAttr = Attr.normal - attribute to use for drawing empty areas.
 - chtype filledAttr = Attr.normal - attribute to use for drawing filled areas.
 - bool vertical = false - when set, the bar will be filled in vertical direction, rather than in horizontal.
 - bool reverse = false - when set, the bar will be filled from the right to the left for horizontal bars, and from the top to bottom for vertical ones.
class TextInput
A class for text inputs. To start typing, a key in start field of input's configuration has to be pressed. When the user is done typing, the input will signal received text to the processing loop.
A single constructor is available:
 this(UI ui, int nlines, int ncols, int y, int x, string initialText,
 Config cfg = Config());
struct TextInput.Config
Has following fields:
 - WChar[] start = ['\n', '\r', 'i', Key.enter] - when a key from these is pressed, start receiving text from the user.
 - string emptyText = "<empty>" - text to display when the user typed in nothing.
class TextInput.Signal
Has sender field inherited from UISignal and string text field which contains received from the user text.
class CheckBox
A class for checkboxes. To change its status, press any key listed in switchKeys field of checkbox's configuration. When its status changes, signals new status to the processing loop. Current status is also available via checked field.
Two constructors are available:
 this(Ui ui, int nlines, int ncols, int y, int x,
 string delegate() text, Config cfg = Config());
 this(UI ui, int nlines, int ncols, int y, int x, string text,
 Config cfg = Config());
The first one creates a checkbox with dynamic text, the second one with static.
struct CheckBox.Config
Has following fields:
 - wint_t whenChecked = '+' - this will appear near text if the checkbox is checked.
 - wint_t whenUnchecked = '-' - this will appear near text if the checkbox is unchecked.
 - WChar[] switchKeys = ['\n', '\r', Key.enter] - keys that, when pressed, will cause the checkbox to change its status.
 - Align alignment = Align.left - alignment of the text on the checkbox.
class CheckBox.Signal
Has sender field inherited from UISignal and bool checked field which indicates whether the checkbox is checked.
class NumberBox
A class for numerical input. You can change current value in two ways: press a key in any of smallIncr, bigIncr, smallDecr and bigDecr fields of number box's configuration to (respectively) increase it by smallStep, increase it by bigStep, decrease it by smallStep, decrease it by bigStep; or press any key in start field of number box's configuration to begin typing the number directly. In both cases, old value, new value and delta are signaled to the processing loop.
A single constructor is available:
 this(UI ui, int nlines, int ncols, int y, int x, int startingValue,
 Config cfg = Config());
struct NumberBox.Config
Has following fields:
 - WChar[] start = ['\n', '\r', 'i', Key.enter] - when any of these keys is pressed, text input mode is activated.
 - WChar[] smallIncr = ['k', 'l', Key.up, Key.right] - when any of these keys is pressed, value increases by smallStep.
 - WChar[] bigIncr = ['K', 'L", Key.sright] - likewise, but increase the value by bigStep.
 - WChar[] smallDecr = ['j', 'h', Key.down, Key.left] - likewise, but decrease the value by smallStep.
 - WChar[] bigDecr = ['J', 'H', Key.sleft] - likewise, but decrease it by bigStep.
 - int min = int.min - the lower bound on the number box's value.
 - int max = int.max - the upper bound on the number box's value.
 - int smallStep = 1
 - int bigStep = 5
 - Align alignment = Align.center - alignment of the text on the number box.
class NumberBox.Signal
Has sender field inherited from UISignal and also following fields:
 - int value - contains current value of the number box.
 - int delta - contains the change in the value.
 - int old - contains previous value of the number box.
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text:
St. John's Anglican Church National Historic Site of Canada
St. John's Anglican Church
Église anglicane St. John
Links and documents
1754/01/01 to 1763/01/01
Listed on the Canadian Register:
Statement of Significance
Description of Historic Place
St. John's Anglican Church National Historic Site of Canada is a large, white wooden Carpenter Gothic style church in the heart of Lunenburg, Nova Scotia. Regarded as an important symbol of the town, it has continually evolved over a period of some two hundred and fifty years and, most recently, was rehabilitated after a disastrous fire in 2001. Official recognition refers to the church on its legal lot.
St. John's Anglican Church was designated a national historic site of Canada in 1994 because of:
- its contribution to the establishment of British authority and the Church of England in 18th-century Nova Scotia, through the continuity of its role within the Anglican church and through the evolutionary nature of its building;
- it is a noteworthy illustration of the Carpenter Gothic style which makes it a distinctive example of the Gothic Revival style in Canadian church architecture;
- the building is an important anchor, symbolically and physically, in the town plan of Lunenburg.
The heritage value of this site resides in its associations with the history of Nova Scotia and the town of Lunenburg, and in its architecture. These values are expressed in the setting and location of the church and those elements of its design, as well as the physical elements that survived the fire of 2001. St. John's Anglican Church was originally constructed _PHONE_, enlarged in 1840 and through the 1870s, and again in 1889. After a disastrous fire in 2001, the structure was rebuilt from the surviving ruins.
Sources: Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada, Minute, June 1994; Assessment of Surviving Values, June 2001.
Key elements contributing to the heritage character of this site include:
- its location on one of the four town blocks set aside for public use;
- the open landscaping with lawns, paths, benches and a memorial to the first outdoor religious service held on site;
- the church as the visual anchor in its immediate setting, ensured by the restrained scale of surrounding buildings;
- use of Carpenter Gothic style design elements, such as basilica plan with side aisles and chancel under a steep gable roof, entry façade with a rose window and twin towers, Gothic Revival detailing including pinnacles, turrets, false buttresses, pointed arches, drip mouldings, and wood shingle cladding;
- the foundations and ground floor traces of various construction phases;
- surviving pre-2001 wooden structural elements, including portions of walls and support elements;
- remains of the pre-2001 façade and central tower, moulded and carved wooden decorative elements, and interior columns;
- remains of pre-2001 decorative treatments including wall and ceiling paintings, wall stencilling, marbleizing on columns, and stained glass windows;
- surviving pre-2001 exterior decorative elements and cladding;
- surviving pre-2001 church furnishings including the altar, pulpit, pews on the ground floor and balcony, and brassware;
- surviving memorial elements such as the stained glass, stone, brass and wooden plaques.
Government of Canada
Historic Sites and Monuments Act
National Historic Site of Canada
1840/01/01 to 1840/01/01
1870/01/01 to 1872/01/01
1875/01/01 to 1877/01/01
1889/01/01 to 1892/01/01
2002/01/01 to 2004/01/01
1754/01/01 to 1892/01/01
Theme - Category and Type
- Building Social and Community Life
- Religious Institutions
- Expressing Intellectual and Cultural Life
- Architecture and Design
Function - Category and Type
- Religion, Ritual and Funeral
- Religious Facility or Place of Worship
Architect / Designer
Stirling and Dewar
Location of Supporting Documentation
National Historic Sites Directorate, Documentation Centre, 5th Floor, Room 89, 25 Eddy Street, Gatineau, Quebec.
Cross-Reference to Collection

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The advantages of hydraulic transmission of automatic brick machine compared with other transmissions:
The fully automatic brick machine relies on the pressure of the hydraulic system to press the bricks, the noise is almost negligible, and the hydraulic transmission has many advantages compared with other transmissions.
(1) The hydraulic transmission of the automatic brick machine can conveniently realize stepless speed regulation, and the speed regulation range is large.
(2) Under the same power condition, the hydraulic transmission energy conversion element is smaller in size and lighter in weight than other transmission elements.
(3) The hydraulic transmission works smoothly, with fast response and small impact, and can start, brake and change direction at high speed.
(4) Hydraulic transmission can automatically realize overload protection.
(5) The hydraulic transmission system of the automatic brick machine is easy to operate and easy to realize automation.
(6) The components of hydraulic transmission are easy to achieve serialization, standardization and generalization, and are easier to design and manufacture.
(7) The hydraulic components can lubricate themselves, so the service life is longer.
(8) The hydraulic device of the automatic brick machine is easier to achieve linear motion than the mechanical device.
Prev: How to plan the site of lime sand brick machine production line
Next: Lime-sand brick autoclaved brick machine realizes double harvest of social and economic benefits

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Kalimantan, Borneo, Indonesia
[mamapas pali] depicting a hornbill soul ship
26.0 (h) x 171.0 (w) x 5.0 (d) cm
National Museum of Ethnology, Leiden
The ship is an ancient recurring image in Southeast Asian art. A powerful symbol of transition, especially from this world to the afterlife, it appears on grave goods and trade items from the Bronze Age until modern times. The earliest coffins discovered across Southeast Asia are boat-shaped. Ships are still found on textiles, mats, sculptures and paintings that symbolise and celebrate the most important transition in a person's life, the journey of the soul to the realm of the ancestors.
In its most overt form, the boat depicts the vehicle in which the spirit of the deceased travels to the other world. Ship imagery is also displayed at other ceremonies of the lifecycle when an individual moves from one social or spiritual state to another, including initiations into adulthood such as tooth-filing, and at weddings.


text:
Noun(1) one living on or coming from the other side of the Alps from Italy
Adjective(1) on or relating to or characteristic of the region or peoples beyond the Alps from Italy (or north of the Alps
(1) These men belonged to a transalpine cultural world.(2) Communications were improved through extensive construction of roads and waterways, most notably the transalpine Simplon Pass, completed in 1805.(3) In Renaissance Diplomacy Garrett Mattingly traces the development of the residential form of diplomacy among the five Italian city-states that eventually made its way into transalpine Europe.(4) Local specialities like marinated eel with shallots co-exist with transalpine dishes involving foie gras or oysters.(5) Transalpine freight in border-to-border transit shall be carried by rail.(6) The government is negotiating to buy a share in the Transalpine Pipeline, which pumps Azeri oil from the Italian port of Trieste to Germany, in a bid to lower energy dependence on Russia.
(1) transalpine :: transalpine
1. ultramontane ::
English to Uzbek Dictionary: transalpine
Meaning and definitions of transalpine, translation in Uzbek language for transalpine with similar and opposite words. Also find spoken pronunciation of transalpine in Uzbek and in English language.
Tags for the entry "transalpine"
What transalpine means in Uzbek, transalpine meaning in Uzbek, transalpine definition, examples and pronunciation of transalpine in Uzbek language.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
I am using replacements/transformations generated using the matched pair node. There are several potential problems with the transformations that stop the Combinatorial enumeration node. Its laborious to delete the problematic transformations and start loop again.
It would be great if the emumeration goes ahead regardless of problems like ERROR Combinatorial Reaction Enumeration (beta) Execute failed: Dearomatization groups: internal error: atom_aromatic_connectivity < 0.
Just return a null or an error in the output. This skipping errors is particularly important when there are a large no of transformations. Same goes for Molecule transformation node.


Writing a feed
Writing a feed is easy after the Channel object is built. Since RSS 2.0 is the most popular format, the IO classes in Yarfraw are all default to RSS 2.0. The following codes writes a channel to an xml file "rss20.xml" in RSS 2.0 format. Note that since every feed has only one channel, the top level 'rss' element is automatically generated for you, all you need to do is to pass in the channel object:
 Channel c = new Channel()
 FeedWriter w = new FeedWriter("rss20.xml"));
Writing other formats are similarly easy, just need to tell the writer what format you want to write in. The following codes demostrate how to write in Atom 1.0 and RSS 1.0/RDF format.
 FeedWriter writer = new FeedWriter("atom10.xml"));
 File f = new File("rss10.xml");
 FeedWriter writer2 = new FeedWriter(f, FeedFormat.RSS10);
Append, Set and Remove items
Sometimes you may want to simply add a couple of items to an existing feed without modifying the top level channel. You can use the FeedAppender class to do that. The appender methods work very much like the insert methods in java.util.List. You can either specify a specific location to append new items to, or you can simply append to the beginning or to the end.
Internally, the appender reads in the feed, modifies it, and then writes it back to the file. So if performance is a concern, instead of doing a read/write operation for every modification, you might want to write your own appender that only writes the channel to file when it needs to.
 FeedAppender a = new FeedAppender(new File("rss20.xml"));
 a.appendAllItemsAt(2, item);
 FeedAppender a = new FeedAppender(new File("atom10.xml"));
 writer.setFormat(FeedFormat.ATOM10); //need to set the format explicitly because RSS 2.0 is the default
If you simply want to keep adding new items to your feed while at the same time keeping the number of items in the feed at a certain number (according to the specs, you are recommended to have only 15 items in a feed). You can tell the appender how many items you would like to keep in your feed. If the actual number of items (after appends) in the feed is greater than the number you specified, the appender will remove items from the END of the feed to ensure there is at most numItemToKeep items in the feed.
Note : the items in the input channel are assumed to be in descending order from new to old (i.e. the newest item is at index 0 of the item list). So when the appender need to trim the feed, it always remove items from the end of the items list (the items that are at the bottom of the feed).
 FeedAppender a = new FeedAppender(new File("yarfraw.xml"));
 a.setNumItemToKeep(15); //this operation does NOT trim the list, trimming only occurs after append
 a.appendAllItemsAt(0, bigItemList);
 a.appendAllItemsAt(0, moreItems);
 a.appendAllItemsToBeginning(item1, item2, item3);
 //"yarfraw.xml" have at most 15 items no matter how many items were appended using the appender
Reading a feed
You can use the reader class to read any supported feed formats. Similar to other IO classes, the reader class uses RSS 2.0 format by default (except when it's reading remotely, see examples below), so you need to set the appropriate format if the input is not in RSS 2.0 format.
 FeedReader r = new FeedReader( "rss20.xml");
 Channel c = r.readChannel();
 FeedReader r2 = new FeedReader( "atom10.xml", FeedFormat.ATOM10);
 Channel c2 = r2.readChannel();
The reader is capable of reading a feed from a remote http url. In this case, the format of the remote feed is automatically detected. Format detection will be executed only once at object construction time.
 FeedReader reader = new FeedReader(file); //it's default to Rss 2.0
 reader.setFormat(FeedFormat.RSS10); //change it to other format
 reader.setFormat(FeedFormat.ATOM10); //change it to other format
 FeedReader reader2 = new FeedReader(new HttpURL("_URL_
 Channel c = reader2.readChannel();
 //check whether a reader is reading from a remote server
 //This is a remote feed
 reader2 = new FeedReader(new HttpURL("_URL_
 //so the format is automatically detected
 assert(reader2.getFormat() == FeedFormat.ATOM10);
 //you can still change the format of the reader, but it's not recommended.
Reading feeds via Http conditional Get
(this is a new feature since version 0.9, see more about HTTP conditional get here ).
If you are using Yarfraw to build an aggregator, you should definitely consider supporting conditional get to reduce network traffics. In Yarfraw, conditional get is supported by a special feed reader called CachedFeedReader, which extends the FeedReader class. As the name suggests, this class also supports basic caching of the previous parsed feed and therefore will only need to perform parsing when there are new changes to the feed that it's reading.
 FeedReader cr = new CachedFeedReader(new HttpURL("_URL_
 ChannelFeed first = cr.readChannel();
 //issue another read immediately after, since nothing should have been changed since the last read
 //the reader will return the cached ChannelFeed object from the previous read
 ChannelFeed second = cr.readChannel();
 assertTrue(first == second);
The CachedFeedReader will keep a cached version of the previous read and parsed FeedChannel object, and performs conditional get to the remote sever using the 2 http headers: Last-Modified and Etag. If the server responses a 304 not modified status code, the reader will return the cached feed, otherwise it reads and parse the response as normal. If the remote feed is not modified since the last read, there's no need to perform parsing, therefore, this class will perform much better than the normal FeedReader class. One thing you should note is that this reader caches the reference of the original FeedChannel and also returns it to the caller, so if the FeedChannel object is modified, the cached version is also modified.
 ChannelFeed first = cr.readChannel();
 //if I modify the returned feed object
 //the cached feed object is also modified
 assertEquals(first.getTitle(), cr.getCachedChannelFeed().getTitle());
When this cached behavior, an aggregator can skip any aggregation work if it finds the returned ChannelFeed object is the same as the previously cached object. For example:
 ChannelFeed first = cr.readChannel();
 ...some times later, you issues a read again to check for new changes
 //you first get a copy of the cached of the cached reference
 ChannelFeed previous = cr.getCachedChannelFeed();
 //issue a read
 ChannelFeed current = cr.readChannel();
 if(current == previous){
 //this means nothing has changed
 //there are new changes, so need to perform aggregation
Reading extensibility elements
If the extensibility elements are supported by one of the extension modules, you should consider using them instead of reading them as normal DOM elements.
If the feed contains extensibility elements that are not in the official specs, those elements will be read into the Channel(or Item)'s otherElements list. You can get all these elements by calling Channel.getElements or there is a convenient method you can use to quickly get an specific element from the list. For example, the feed from digg.com has an element call , you can get this element by using the following code:
 FeedReader r = new FeedReader(new HttpURL("_URL_
 Channel c = r.readChannel();
 Element e = c.getItems().get(0).getElementByNS("_URL_ "diggCount");
Another example of feeds that use extensibility elements, they are very common for popular sites. Youtube's feed has'media' elements in their feed that look like:

 Salto nel melgot
 crazy mad follia covo bergamo arma pol andrev video divertenti
 funny videos porn sex lesbians hot sexy nude girls
To get information about those elements, you would write:
 FeedReader r = new FeedReader(new HttpURL("_URL_
 ChannelFeed c = r.readChannel();
 System.out.println(c.getItems().get(0).getElementByNS("_URL_ "title"));
 Element thumnail = c.getItems().get(0).getElementByNS("


using new TransactionScope() Considered Harmful
Hopefully you are familiar with the greatness of the TransactionScope class in .NET. It provides implicit ambient transaction handling, which can greatly simplify transaction handling in your code.
But this ease of use comes with a significant caveat. The TransactionScope's default constructor is, for the purposes of SQL Sever database programming, broken. TransactionScope's default constructor defaults the isolation level to Serializable and the timeout to 1 minute. IMO both these settings are harmful when working against SQL Server.
The transaction timeout is bad because it's obscure. A SqlCommand already has a CommandTimeout property that defaults to 30 seconds. If you explicitly extend the CommandTimeout on a SqlCommand, it's probably unexpected that your transaction would timeout before that. But at least the timeout default can be changed in your application configuration file.
But the choice of Serializable as the default isolation level much worse. In SQL Server SERIALIZABLE transactions are rarely useful and extremely deadlock-prone. Put another way, when the default READ COMMITTED isolation level does not provide the right isolation semantics, SERIALIZABLE is rarely any better and often introduces severe blocking and deadlocking problems. And since the TransactionScope is the recommended way to manage transactions in .NET, its default constructor is setting up SQL Server applications to be deadlock-prone. In fact I was prompted to write this post after working with some customers who were getting deadlocks in their applciation, and who had no idea that they were running transactions under the SERIALIZABLE isolation level.
So please, copy this C# code:
public class TransactionUtils {
 public static TransactionScope CreateTransactionScope()
 {
 var transactionOptions = new TransactionOptions();
 transactionOptions.IsolationLevel = IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted;
 transactionOptions.Timeout = TransactionManager.MaximumTimeout;
 return new TransactionScope(TransactionScopeOption.Required, transactionOptions);
 }
}
or this VB.NET code:
Imports System.Transactions
Class TransactionUtils Public Shared Function CreateTransactionScope() As TransactionScope Dim transactionOptions = New TransactionOptions()
 transactionOptions.IsolationLevel = IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted
 transactionOptions.Timeout = TransactionManager.MaximumTimeout
 Return New TransactionScope(TransactionScopeOption.Required, transactionOptions)
 End Function End Class
And use TransactionScope for SQL Server, just not new TransactionScope().
David
dbrowne_at_microsoft
Comments (14)
 1. Sam says:
 Thanks! This REALLY helped me fix a bug.
 2. Seann Alexander says:
 Default behavior is odd, but the option to changes it exists, which is awesome.
 3. hoges says:
 Nice post David, was looking to see what the deal was with TransactionScope's isolation levels, and this explained it and gave good advice all in one. thanks
 4. Roy Cornelissen says:
 Thanks, this has just clarified a bunch of deadlocks in the system we have just migrated from Oracle to SQL Server. 🙂
 5. One thing i didn't understand... says:
 What is the value of TransactionManager.MaximumTimeout and why did you choose to set it explicitly?
 6. Timeout says:
 @One thing i didn't understand…
 If you read the article, the author mentions that by default the TransactionScope has a 1 minute timeout. So if all of your commands under the scope exceed one minute, they will all be rolled back. This is in addition to, and supersedes, the CommandTimeout you might set on each command.
 That's why he set it to max.
 -LS3
 7. Larry says:
 Last line mentions the following:
 And use TransactionScope for SQL Server, just not new TransactionScope().
 Can you please tell me the difference in the script for TransactionScope for SQL Server and just new TransactionScope()?
 i am unable to find the difference in script and thus cannot determine if my script is using Transaction scope for SQL Server or just new TransactionScope().
 Thanks!!
 8. Steve Altman says:
 Thanks for this. Solved a major problem.
 9. Thomas says:
 Thanks David
 10. Jar Jar Binks says:
 @Larry,
 The difference is when you do new TransactionScope(), it uses default properties/settings that cause problems (refer to post). But, you should still use a transaction scope, so you need to manually create the transaction scope object like he did in the code provided. He uses properties that avoid these problems.
 11. IEBasara says:
 Thanks David!
 It explained why I encountered so many deadlocks when dealing with SQL servers.
 This may resolve the critical problems!
 I'll consider to use your suggestions!
 12. _md says:
 Thanks…this is still helpful…hope it would be added to the library
 13. uday says:
 use System.Transactions.IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted
 var transactionOptions = new TransactionOptions();
 transactionOptions.IsolationLevel = System.Transactions.IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted;
 transactionOptions.Timeout = TransactionManager.MaximumTimeout;
Comments are closed.
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text:
Key design considerations for lifts and escalators in offices - part 3 lift design for the redevelopment of existing office buildings
Graham BarkerView bio
Part one covered lift design considerations affecting building layout and space take.
Part two covered making the right choices during lift design.
There are many key design considerations for lifts and escalators in offices which are consistent across all projects, in Part 3 we'll focus on lift design associated with the redevelopment and refurbishment of lifts and escalators in existing office buildings:
- The challenges of lift design for existing office buildings
- The importance of lift and escalator feasibility studies for existing offices
- Suitability of the existing office lift provisions
- Opportunities to increase building population density
- Escalator constraints
The challenges of lift design for existing office buildings
For new office developments, the vertical transportation design has the luxury of not being restricted by an existing structure. Instead, the key consideration is minimising the building area occupied by the lift cores and lobbies to maximise the net lettable area. Every square foot or metre given over to lift shaft is space that can't be leased to a tenant.
In an existing building, the cross-sectional area of the lift shaft is typically a restriction due to the significant structural works, and therefore costs, which would be needed to move lift shaft walls. Frequently existing building will be increased in height with the addition of extra floors, and the lift shaft extended. Similarly, lift shafts may be excavated to increase their depth, or to enable the lift to serve new basement levels.
In any case, the constraints of an existing building often increase complexity and require a slightly different approach to that applied to new build development.
The importance of lift and escalator feasibility studies for existing offices
In an existing building, the first action should be to engage a lift consultant to undertake a feasibility assessment which will identify restrictions or limitations imposed by the structure on any lift or escalator works, and determine the areas where challenges may exist complying with latest regulations and standards. In parallel with this, the lift consultant will consider the architect or developer's plans and pull all these inputs together to provide advice on realistic opportunities which will help in delivering the overall aims of the development.
The lift and escalator survey and feasibility assessment can often form part of the developer's due diligence when considering purchasing a property, with the lift consultant often surveying the existing lift provisions as part of the acquisition process providing advice on the feasibility of future vertical transportation modifications.
Some examples of challenges a lift consultant may face for existing buildings include:
- Addition of new lower floors, associated with the excavation of the lift pit
- Addition of new upper floors and extension of the lifts to serve them
- Extending existing lifts to serve what was previously the roof level to activate the roof
- Increasing the size or speed of lifts to improve the buildings lift capacity without structural modifications
- Change lifts to a machine room less arrangement to release the area previously occupied by machine room
- Assessment of options to extend the lifespan of the lift whilst minimising capital investment
- Replacement or refurbishment of aged escalators which are landlocked
The feasibility assessment will inform the developer if their plans are deliverable within the envisaged budget and programme. The long lead time and high capital costs associated with lift works can have significant impacts on the projects on-time and on-budget success if not correctly planned for from the start.
Suitability of the existing office lift provisions
In most existing office buildings, the key initial consideration regarding lifts and escalators will be the suitability of the equipment for the intended use, the remaining life span of the equipment, and any significant capital expenditure which will be needed.
Opportunities to increase building population density
Over time the way that offices are used has developed. And the theme over recent years has seen office population density increasing placing greater demand on the lift system. It is important to assess the potential for existing office buildings, and lift systems, to handle this increased building population and to ensure that lift waiting times will be acceptable. This is an area where your lift consultant can couple a lift performance measurement survey with lift traffic analysis simulation to assess the suitability or limitations of the existing equipment.
Taken to the next step, performance measurement of existing lift systems can also identify ways in which a lift system's performance can be improved – be it by tuning of the existing system, or through targeted lift modifications and upgrades to deliver enhanced lift system performance with minimal intervention or capital investment. In a recent project, performance measurement of the existing lifts identified minor adjustments which could be made to the setup of the existing lifts, delivering marked improvement in lift performance, allowing the lifts to achieve BCO compliance even though the occupancy of the building increased.
Escalators are usually inserted into a building as part of the building's construction sequence, often being installed before surrounding walls and floors.. An escalator in a need of refurbishment or replacement will need to be managed differently.
In this scenario there are generally three potential solutions:
- A complete replacement can be undertaken when the escalator can be removed and a new unit brought into the building. If the escalators are located adjacent to the building entrance, or in an atrium this replacement can be undertaken easily.. However, the further into the building an escalator is, the bigger the challenge becomes of removing it.
- Where removal is not an option, then refurbishment of the existing may be considered. The various wear components of the escalator are removed and either reconditioned or replaced with new.
- Over recent years the concept of 'in truss replacement' has been developed where the escalator internals are stripped out leaving only the structural escalator shell. Then through detailed surveying and design, a new escalator is engineered and manufactured to fit within the original structure.
Its fair to say that no two escalator projects are the same and each needs its own detailed assessment of the available options, which are a factor not only of the escalator equipment but more significantly of how the old and new escalator equipment can be brought to site.
Lift and escalator consultancy for office developments
There are many ways in which a lift consultant can help to improve the value and operation of office buildings, through the thoughtful specification of the vertical transportation equipment.
This series of blogs aimed to provide some thoughts, coupled with experience from previous projects, to assist with the reader's future building designs and the associated lift and escalator design considerations. To discuss in more detail please don't hesitate to contact the writer.


text:
There's much discussion these days about passion and purpose in the workplace. A Google search on "passion at work" results in 11,5000,000 hits – although its clear from these that many of us confuse the two. So, what is the difference between passion and purpose - and how do the two connect?
Purpose defines why one is on the planet. Some refer to purpose as a calling. Others, as ones "life work."
Passion is energy - emotional, physical, mental, psychic, often spiritual - that drives supports us to focus our efforts. Sometimes this is purposeful, sometimes not. It can help us positively during the day, pushing us to look for ways to continually improve what we do and how we do it. But it can also be limiting and destructive – both to ourselves and to others.
For example, some passionate folks dress up and go to sporting events to engage in harassment, uncivil and disrespectful behavior – all in the name of being passionate about their team.
Colleagues at work can unfairly judge others, be bullying, engage in gossip, be rude, demeaning and disrespectful about their co-workers' lack of skills and talents – all because they're so passionate about what they do (so why do you have to be so stupid!)
And just as some folks feel their passion allows them to be disrespectful, others channel it towards self-destruction, coming home at night and binging on alcohol, food or drugs.
So passion is energy. The important question is, toward what end is this passion directed?
Is your passion positive? Is it supportive of yourself and of others? Or is it negative, self-destructive and harmful? Just because you're passionate doesn't automatically make you humble, emotionally intelligent, good at relationships, honest, skilled or talented. Passion is just energy.
But purpose completes the passion equation. It's the magic ingredient that gives passion a raison d'etre.
Without purpose as an anchor, passion has no inner or outer guidance system. Without a purpose, life will often will disoriented, out-of-sync and unhappy.
In my years working as a coach, I've always been curious about folks who run into a mid-life crisis at 30 after spending enormous amounts of time, energy and money studying something like law, medicine, IT, finance or management. It amazes me how quickly they have ended up literally hating what they are doing
In some of these cases, they choose to enter a particular profession or career area because they were directed that way by career coaches or consultants who suggested that their talents or interests lay in that direction.
But what these career folks, parents, relatives, even good friends almost never measure is heart. Heart is the focal point of purpose. Not the mind. Not logic. Not what's sexy. Not what The Futurist says one should do and especially, not "Hey you're really good at (blank) that so why don't you pursue (blank)"?
Some never get it. Purpose is not a career or even a talent. But purpose can be manifested in a particular career or by making use of a particular talent or area of expertise. The difference is the energy (passion) that an individual brings to that endeavor and whether their actions and work are "purposeful".
- How do you characterize your relationship to work?
- How did you arrive at doing the work you are doing?
- Do you feel purposeful in your work? Do you feel "coerced" to work or "called" to work
- Do you feel passionate about your work? What motivates you to go to work?
- Do you feel completely engaged at work?
- Why are you on the planet? What is your purpose in life?
- What is the legacy you'd like to leave behind?
- What will others say about you when you're gone...about you as a professional, a spouse, a partner, a parent, a friend...?
- What are three things you're passionate about? How you do express this passion?
- Are you following your life's purpose? How do you know?
- If you really, really dislike your work, what story do you tell yourself to justify your doing it?
So two lawyers, two IT professionals, two managers or two bloggers can both do the same thing, but their energy, their engagement, their true love (not ego) of the work, their steadfastness and sense of well-being depends on whether or not they're on purpose when they're working.
Only the purposeful are engaged in their work. One has their heart in it; the other muddles through with an ugh at every turn.
Purpose is the anchor, the beacon, the direction, the career compass that guides us to make decisions that keep our lives moving forward. Without such a guide, many people hit a dead end at 30 (then 40, then 50), constantly wondering "is this all there is?" Or worse, "I have all this talent, and I don't understand why I'm not happy".
The heart is what drives purpose, not the mind or the ego. When someone has their heart in their work, meaning abounds; they are - and feel - purposeful in their work as well as in the rest of their life.
But when everything is ego-driven, meaning is most often trumped by unhappiness, agitation and constant negative judgments and invidious comparisons with others while always feeling to some degree, lacking, deficient, and disconnected.
And from what do such folks feel disconnected? Their heart, their purpose, their true and real self, their essence. The ego mind, logic, assessments, "thinking" and "figuring it out" are not the path to purpose.


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Processing of coal fly ash magnetic spheres for clay water,Dec 10, 2017 Processing of coal fly ash magnetic spheres for clay water flocculation,The XRD patterns show the differences between the MS samples before and after the processing As shown in Fig 5, magnetite, hematite, mullite, and quartz structures are present in the 1 MS spectrum In.
Magnetite flow in coal processing plant Products. As a leading global manufacturer of crushing, grinding and mining equipments, we offer advanced, reasonable solutions for any size-reduction requirements including, Magnetite flow in coal processing plant, quarry, aggregate, and different kinds of minerals.
A coal preparation process includes a dense medium coal separator which utilizes a magnetite media for separating raw coal from refuse. A sieve receives coal from the separator and is utilized to drain a portion of the magnetite media from the coal before the coal is passed into a new magnetite reclaimer wherein paddles agitate the coal causing abrasive contact between
Sep 22, 2003 Magnetite is the medium solids commonly employed for coal preparation. Most magnetite are produced as a by-product of iron ore processing. Demand for magnetite is expected to increase continuously. The increasing cost of magnetite has led to a growing interest in recovering magnetite from alternate sources such as power station fly ash.
In this study, enrichment methods for coal fly ash (CFA) from Omsk thermal power station No. 4 (TPS-4) were investigated. The magnetite and unburned carbon concentrates were obtained by magnetic separation and flotation methods. The wet magnetic separation used in the study increased the magnetite content in the magnetic fraction from 10.48 to 12.72 wt % compared
magnetite can be used in a coal dense medium process by applying a magnetic field around a DMS cyclone, which consequently stabilises the coarse medium. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE The test work process focused on the application of a weak magnetic field around a dense medium cyclone. The tests were done using medium only. Magnetite Samples
Magnetite - Wikipedia. Magnetite is a mineral and one of the main iron or With the chemical formula Fe3O4, it is one , Bluing (steel), a process in which steel is partially protected against rust by a layer of magnetite , Production Processes in Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2011, Wiley-VCH doi101002/14356007o02_o11....
Magnetite heavy media processes are accurate, efficient and easy to control separators, capable of producing high quality clean coal. Magnetite recovery circuit operation and
Mar 28, 2020 It is also used in coal mining operations as a slurry with water to remove the heavier impurities by allowing the less dense coal to float to the surface. The magnetite can be reused in this process 90 percent of the time. Magnetite is also used as a source of iron to manufacture iron-based chemicals and fertilizers.
size coal and waste (refuse) in the mined coal. Processing of run-of-mine (ROM) coal is generally done ... air/sand suspension is utilized rather than water/magnetite, which is commonly used in conventional dense medium cleaning process. The principles of operation of dry coal cleaning are identical to conventional wet processes, except that ...
Energy Coal Washing Prince is a global supplier of high-quality magnetite to international coal customers. Scroll Princes Magnafloat is perfectly suited for the beneficiation of run of mine coal Magnafloat is a heavy media for coal separation. Prince Magnafloat, a naturally magnetic and high-density magnetite product, is the ideal solution for the coal washing process...
May 22, 2016 The heavy-media separation process, or HMS, employing ferrous media, usually ferrosilicon and/or magnetite, is the most generally used process for sink-float separations. A stable medium over the range of specific gravities from 1.25 to 3.40 can be maintained within close limits and is cleaned and recovered by magnetic means.
Coal Processing, Coal Washing, Magnetite Ore, Magnetite Supplier. Martin Robson also provides coal processing, coal preparation, dense medium separation, coal washing, magnetic separation services of the highestMartin Robson has been a strategic partner in a coal mining industry for the supply of high quality magnetite used for coal beneficiation.
today but the history shows that the application of cyclones in fine coal processing has not been nearly as successful as in the processing of coarser coal. There is a perception in the coal processing industry that dense-medium cyclone processing of fine coal is expensive, that it consumes much magnetite and that the
He partnered with our coal customers to answer any questions and to help them improve process efficiencies wherever possible. He advanced to sales manager in 2015 and worked with our coal and specialty customers to develop new products and uses for the iron oxide ores that Quality Magnetite sources and processes.
Nov 01, 1995 Custom Coals, International has installed and is presently testing a 500 lb/hr. micronized-magnetite, fine-coal cleaning circuit at PETCs Process Research Facility (PRF). The cost-shared project was awarded as part of the Coal Preparation Programs, High Efficiency Preparation Subprogram. The ...
Dec 19, 2012 Magnetite Ore, Magnetic Separation, Magnetic Separation, Coal Washing. Martin Robson operates in supplying minerals and magnetite ore to various industry sectors offering exceptional coal washing and processing services of the highest More detailed
Magnetite is produced as a by-product of the phosphate mining process of Foskor. At our processing plant in Phalaborwa Idwala Magnetite upgrades this material by magnetic separation and fine milling for supply to the coal industry as a heavy separation medium (for coal washing).
Sep 30, 2007 The coal cleaning experiments were carried out on various size fractions of Pennsylvanias bituminous coal, Rushton coal. Angular magnetite was used as the host material to enhance segregation. The performance of the coal cleaning process was measured with the aid of sulfur and ash removal efficiencies.
The heavier specific gravity of magnetite aggregates allow a more aggressive backwash in the cleaning phase without loss of product, and because magnetite is magnetic it can be easily scavenged back from waste water streams for reuse. Magnetite is an essential part of the heavy media process in coal mining.
recovery of magnetite in coal processing. ryan ceko to determine which panel slot, either with flow or against flow yields better recovery. view project. article.
Sep 14, 2021 Manufacturer of magnetite natural black iron oxide products. Materials include magnetite and ores. Markets served include coal washing, chemical, weighting, ballast, architectural grade pigments, paint primers, foundry sands, granular iron sulfate, micro nutrient fertilizers, and paver and brick manufacturing.
Sep 21, 2020 The optimal process separation efficiency of 94% is achieved with charcoal, and the concentrate comprises the magnetite phase meanwhile, 64% is achieved with coking coal at 6% carbon dosage. The increase in fayalite concentration at higher carbon content reduces the separation efficiency.
The process of coal heneficiation using heavy media has been presented in Table - 1. Table I Showing coal beneficiation process and media Process Media 1. Jigging Water, Air 2. Chance Process Sand 3. Heavy Media Bath Magnetite 4. Heavy Media Cyclone Magnetite Heavy Media In coal heneficiation plants, generally sand or heavy liquids or ...
GregTech 5 has dozens of ores with complex processing chains that produce hundreds of different materials. Almost every element on the Periodic Table and many kinds of real-life mineral and ore deposits are represented in mod. This guide lists all of the various ores and all of the ways they can be processed into elements. GregTech disables all Vanilla ores (except
ABOUT CANMAG Inc. Deliver high quality heavy media grade magnetite to the coal industry enabling our clients to capture maximum value through domestic supply. Magnetite is our core business. Our dedicated production facility allows us to focus all of our efforts on producing a single, high quality product. Our proprietary production process and ...
According to Mikhail and Osborne (1990), the following is the standard particle-size distribution of magnetite used in coal preparation maximum 5% by mass coarser than 45 m, and 30% by mass finer than 10 m.
BOWIN BASIN MAGNETITE RECOVERY. OBJECTIVE Due to various changes in the CHPP and coal quality being processed, the Magnetite Consumption increased, leading to unfavourable changes to total costs of operations. The overall objective was to reduce magnetite usage, to assist in lowering overall costs. SOLUTION Tailored Product Integration
Today, the heavy-media process using magnetite is standard for coarse coal cleaning. Attempts to recover middlings and fine coal have continued through the years, and near the middle of the twentieth century, processes to wash and recover fine coal resulted in the introduction of equipment such as centrifuges, froth flotation cells, disc ...
1858 Bessemer (UK) First dense medium process patent to remove coal impurities by immersion in a tank or bath containing a fluid, the specific gravity of which is greater than the pure coal and less than the substance to be separated there from 1921 Chance (USA) First commercial plant. Cone separator, sand suspended
For clean coal obtained at lower relative density medium (b 1.3), wash a water and time of washing had an insignificant effect, 3.50 magnetite lost after rinsing,% while higher screening velocity was detrimental. Clean 3.00 coal generally is more porous than the middling or


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In recent times, coffee capsules have gained immense in styleity amongst coffee lovers attributable to their comfort and ability to brew a fresh cup of coffee with minimal effort. These small, single-serve containers are designed to protect the flavour and aroma of coffee, providing a constant and delightful coffee-drinking experience. Behind their seemingly easy design lies an interesting science that enables coffee capsules to lock within the freshness and quality of coffee grounds until they are brewed. In this article, we will delve into the science behind coffee capsules and discover how they preserve the attractive flavors and fragrant characteristics of coffee.
The Significance of Airtight Encapsulation
One of the key facets that contribute to the preservation of coffee taste and aroma in capsules is the hermetic encapsulation. Coffee grounds are highly vulnerable to oxidation, which leads to the degradation of unstable compounds liable for the delightful aroma and taste. To combat this, coffee capsules are hermetically sealed, preventing exposure to oxygen and moisture that will otherwise compromise the freshness of the grounds.
The Position of Pressure in Brewing
Another critical factor in coffee capsule technology is the usage of pressure through the brewing process. When a capsule is inserted into a compatible coffee machine, the system punctures the capsule's foil or plastic lid and forces hot water at high pressure through the coffee grounds. This fast and pressurized extraction ensures that the full spectrum of flavors and aromatic compounds is effectively extracted from the grounds, resulting in a rich and strong cup of coffee.
Constant Grind Size and Dosage
To maintain the flavor consistency, coffee capsules utilize a uniform grind measurement of coffee grounds and a precise dosage in each pod. The grind size performs a significant position in controlling the extraction rate throughout brewing. Finer grounds enhance the surface space of coffee exposed to water, leading to faster extraction and doubtlessly over-extraction. Alternatively, coarser grounds would under-extract and lead to a weaker brew. By maintaining a constant grind size, coffee capsule manufacturers ensure a well-balanced cup each time.
Gas Flush Packaging
In addition to an airtight seal, some coffee capsule producers use gas flush packaging. Before sealing the capsule, they flush it with inert gases like nitrogen to replace the oxygen. Nitrogen is not reactive and helps protect the freshness of the coffee grounds without altering their flavor profile. This method further enhances the shelf lifetime of the coffee capsules, allowing consumers to enjoy the identical recent style and aroma even months after the coffee has been packed.
Protecting Unstable Compounds
The delightful aroma of coffee largely depends on the presence of risky organic compounds (VOCs). These compounds are responsible for the distinct perfume that coffee lovers adore. However, VOCs are sensitive to external factors equivalent to light, heat, and oxygen, leading to their rapid degradation. Coffee capsules address this difficulty through the use of high-quality barrier supplies in their development, shielding the coffee grounds from dangerous exterior elements. Consequently, the delicate VOCs remain intact till the brewing process, ensuring an aromatic and satisfying coffee experience.
Coffee capsules have revolutionized the way we brew and enjoy coffee, providing comfort and consistency without compromising on taste and aroma. Via the combination of hermetic encapsulation, pressure-assisted brewing, and the preservation of risky compounds, coffee capsules be sure that each cup is a delightful and aromatic journey. As technology continues to advance, we will expect further innovations in coffee capsule design, finally providing coffee fanatics with even more distinctive brewing experiences in the future.
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Table of contents
 1. Introduction
 2. Business Problem
 3. Mapping to Deep Learning Problem
 4. Data Overview
 5. EDA(Exploratory Data Analysis)
 6. Baseline Model
 7. First Cut Solution
 8. Model Explanation
 9. Best Model
 10. Conclusion
 11. Future Work
 12. References
1. Introduction
 - The need for computer vision in text detection and recognition from an image or video is getting very popular these days. Because the text is to reliably and effectively spread or acquire information across time and space.
 - This approach can be used for handwriting recognition, natural scene text detection and recognition, vehicle number detection and recognition, and many more. But multiple challenges may still be encountered when detecting and recognizing text in the scene.
2. Business Problem
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1. Business/Real-world Problem
1.1 Introduction
 - Stack Overflow is a question and answer site for beginners as well as professional enthusiast programmers.
 - It features questions and answers on a wide range of topics in programming and now it is not limited to programming alone but answers questions on a wide range of the spectrum.
 - The website serves as a platform for users to ask and answer questions, and, through membership and active participation, to vote questions and answers up or down and edit questions and answers. The better an answer, the higher the votes it gets, which also increase a user's reputation.
1.2 Problem statement
 - Given its popularity, until…
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What is Exploratory Data Analysis?
This article is to explain the exploratory data analysis on the corona virus dataset.
Corona virus has infected more than 7000 people…
Sumit Mishra
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[Study on angle and depth of needle insertion in acupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36)].
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide an appropriate angle and depth of needle insertion in acupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) and avoid injuring the nerve and blood vessel and exert the most effect. METHODS Eighty adult lower-limb samples were used to dissect and observe the relative layered structures and adjoining important nerves and blood vessels in needling Zusanli (ST… (More)
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Knowledgebase: Performance Tuning
Best Practices for improving the performance of large collection deletes
11 March 2022 03:37 PM
Introduction
This article outlines various factors influencing the performance of xdmp:collection-delete function and furthermore provides general best practices for improving the performance of large collection deletes.
What are collections?
Collections in MarkLogic Server are used to organize documents in a database. Collections are a powerful and high-performance mechanism to define and manage subsets of documents.
How are collections different from directories?
Although both collections and directories can be used for organizing documents in a database, there are some key differences. For example:
 - Directories are hierarchical, whereas collections are not. Consequently, collections do not require member documents to conform to any URI patterns. Additionally, any document can belong to any collection, and any document can also belong to multiple collections
 - You can delete all documents in a collection with the xdmp:collection-delete function. Similarly, you can delete all documents in a directory (as well as all recursive subdirectories and any documents in those directories) with a different function call - xdmp:directory-delete
 - You can set properties on a directory. You cannot set properties on a collection
For further details, see Collections versus Directories.
What is the use of the xdmp:collection-delete function?
xdmp:collection-delete is used to delete all documents in a database that belong to a given collection - regardless of their membership in other collections.
 - Use of this function always results in the specified unprotected collection disappearing. For details, see Implicitly Defining Unprotected Collections
 - Removing a document from a collection and using xdmp:collection-delete are similarly contingent on users having appropriate permissions to update the document(s) in question. For details, see Collections and Security
 - If there are no documents in the specified collection, then nothing is deleted, and the function still returns the empty sequence
What factors affect performance of xdmp:collection-delete?
The speed of xdmp:collection-delete depends on several factors:
Is there a fast operation mode available within the call xdmp:collection-delete?
Yes. The call xdmp:collection-delete("collection-uri") can potentially be fast in that it won't retrieve fragments. Be aware, however, that xdmp:collection-delete will retrieve fragments (and therefore perform much more slowly) when your database is configured with any of the following:
What are the general best practices in order to improve the performance of large collection deletes?
 - Batch your deletes
 - You could use an external/community developed tool like CoRB to batch process your content
 - Tools like CoRB allow you to create a "query module" (this could be a call to cts:uris to identify documents from a number of collections) and a "transform module" that works on each URI returned. CoRB will run the URI query and will use the results to feed a thread pool of worker threads. This can be very useful when dealing with large bulk processing. See: Using Corb to Batch Process Your Content - A Getting Started Guide
 - Alternatively, you could split your input (for example, URIs of documents inside a collection that you want to delete) into smaller batches
 - Spawn each of those batches to jobs on the Task Server instead of trying to delete an entire collection in a single transaction
 - Use xdmp:spawn-function to kick off deletions of one document at a time - be careful not to overflow the task server queue, however
 - Don't spawn single document deletes
 - Instead, make batches of size that work most efficiently in your specific use case
 - One of the restrictions on the Task Server is that there is a set queue size - you should be able to increase the queue size as necessary
 - Scope deletes more narrowly with the use of cts:collection-query
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The heat-transfer characteristics of a partially enclosed rotating disk have been investigated experimentally by means of a mass-transfer analog. Mass-transfer rates to air from naphthalene coated disks of 4 and 8 in. diameter were measured at speeds between zero and 10,000 rpm and the influence of the spacing between the rotating disk and its housing was investigated with and without source flow. From the experimental results a dimensionless correlation equation suitable for predicting average heat and mass-transfer coefficients for rotating disks with source flow in turbulent flow at rotational Reynolds numbers up to 4 × 105 was deduced. The flow pattern was investigated by means of a hot wire, a smoke visualization technique, and the china clay method.
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Ciao miei amici. Question: how to use 'degli', 'delle', 'dei'?
On Rosetta Stone it's showing me the following:
*picture of 3 girls* = delle bambine
*picture of 4 boys* = dei bambini
*picture of 3 men* = degli uomini
*picture of 3 women* = delle donne
How is "delle donne" different from "le donne", and "delle bambine" different from "le bambine"? Do they both mean "women" and "children" (feminine)?
Thank you, my friends.
For learning: Italian
Base language: English
Category: Language
 Please enter between 2 and 2000 characters.
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 The rule is simple, and the meaning is also simple:
 We have six determinative articles in Italy, giving the following
 six relations:
 dello = di + lo (of the)
 del = di + il
 della = di + la
 degli = di + gli
 dei = di + i
 delle = di + le
 With not determinative articles, you just say: di un, di uno, di una.
 If in a picture there are " delle bambine" it means there are " alcune bambine" ( some young girls/ female children)
 If in a picture there are " delle donne" it means there are " alcune donne" ( some women)
 If in a picture there are " degli uomini" it means there are" alcuni uomini" ( some men)
 If in a picture there are" dei bambini" it means there are" " alcuni bambini ( some children : they can be male or male and female together).
 In these sentences "delle, degli, dei" have the meaning of SOME ( alcuni, alcune). ( In these cases this function is called partitive function)
 The same function is in the following sentence:"Please, can you give me some bread?" in Italian :" Per favore, puoi darmi/ passarmi DEL pane (... del pane = un po' di pane= some bread).
 Del, dello, della ( singolar) / Dei, degli, delle ( plural) can have also other functions other meanings.
 One example : " E' molto pericoloso avvicinarsi alla tana DEI leoni " ( It is very dangerous to come up to the den OF THE lions/ the lions'den)
 Del, dello, Della, Dei, Degli, Delle are called = preposizioni articolate. They are formed with the preposizione DI+ THE DETERMINATIVE ARTICLE.
 I am not sure if I have understood your question well. I hope yes.
 they mean "some" so for ex: some women delle donne
 masculine: dei (read: day) before consonants feminine :delle (read dell-eh) before vowels and consonants
 masculine :degli (readdeh-lyee) before vowels, z, gn, or s + cons.
 if you understood this you will get also how to use them and how they are made.
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 Please enter between 2 and 2000 characters.


Lancaster Rose Emblem
Lancaster Rose Meaning
The red rose of Lancaster was worn as a badge which identified someone as belonging to or supporting the House of Lancaster. By wearing the rose a person was displaying their loyalty and allegiance to the family. The emblem of the red rose was adopted during the middle ages and was readily accepted into the symbols of British heraldry.
The emblem was worn not only by the more powerful members of the family but it was also worn by their servants and retainers to show their loyalty to the House of Lancaster.
Lancanshire Rose image
Lancaster Rose flower
Why is the Lancaster Rose Red?
The House of Lancaster got its emblem – the red rose from the badge of Edward I of England which was a gold rose. It was adopted in the 14th century. Today it simply symbolises the Lancashire county.
Lancaster Rose flower Meaning
The emblem for the House of Lancaster was chosen by Edmund, the son of Henry III. The species of rose that Edmund chose was believed to be Rosa Gallica. It was then adopted by the subsequent earls of Lancaster. Although the roses became the symbols of the House of Lancaster and the House of York, neither Houses were believed to have displayed them as their emblem during the War.
The emblem signified loyalty and respect towards the respective Houses.
Lancanshire rose image
Lancanshire rose image
The Red Rose of Lancaster
The emblem of the red rose of Lancaster was sported by supporters of the House of Lancaster, a house which was in rivalry with the House of York, and an equally powerful house whose supporters wore the white rose of York. These families, two of the most powerful houses in England were both trying to lay claim to the English throne.
Both of these noble houses were descended from the Plantagenet House, with their descent being traced back to King Edward III. The family or House of Lancaster was so called as the descendants on that side were descended from the 1st Duke of Lancaster, John Gaunt, and as such adopted the red rose as their emblem.
Lancaster Rose Emblem
Henry Bolingbroke Starts the War of the Roses
The start of the bitter rivalry between the houses of Lancaster and York can be traced back to 1399. This is when Henry Bolingbroke, the then Duke of Lancaster overthrew his cousin King Richard II and claimed the throne. Over the following years three Lancastrian kings held the English throne, these were Henry Bolingbroke who became Henry IV (_PHONE_)
He was the grandson of Edward III and the son of the 1st Duke of Lancaster John of Gaunt. He was followed by his son Henry V (_PHONE_) who was in turn followed by his son Henry VI (_PHONE_). The subsequent war of the roses lasted for decades and saw the deaths of many thousands of people.
The End of the War of the Roses
The War of the Roses was brought to an end with the death of King Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field. Richard was the leader of the House of York and was slain on the battlefield by the forces of Henry Tudor, the leader of the Lancaster faction. Henry then claimed the throne for himself. Knowing that his claim on the throne was not as solid as it could have been, he made Elizabeth of York his wife.
Lancaster Rose Emblem
Their marriage not only brought the War of the Roses to an end but also united two of the most powerful noble houses in England. Henry was crowned King Henry VII and went on to found the Tudor dynasty whose emblem is that of the Tudor rose which features the union of the red and white roses of the two houses. Today there is still much rivalry between the counties of York and Lancaster, though the battles today take place in the field of sport.
More Info OnTudor Rose Symbol, Medieval England Mary Rose Longbow, Facts About Mary Rose Ship in Tudor Times
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Abstract TMP86: Folic Acid Therapy Prevents Stroke in Countries Without Mandatory Folic Acid Food Fortification
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Abstract
Background: Additional folic acid treatment appears to have a neutral effect on reducing vascular risk in countries that mandate fortification of food with folic acid (e.g. US and Canada). However, it is uncertain whether folic acid therapy reduces stroke risk in countries without folic acid food fortification.
Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of folic acid therapy on stroke prevention in countries without folic acid food fortification.
Methods: Pubmed, EMBASE, and Clinicaltrials.gov from January 1966 to August 2015 were searched to identify relevant studies. Relative risk (RR) with 95% CI was used as a measure of the association between folic acid supplementation and risk of stroke, after pooling data across trials in a random-effects model.
Results: The search identified 14 randomized controlled trials involving treatment with folic acid that had enrolled 71,334 participants, all of which stroke was reported as an outcome measure. Across all trials, folic acid therapy vs. control was associated with a lower risk of stroke (RR=0.84; 95% CI, 0.76-0.93; P=0.0007) and there was no heterogeneity among include trials (P for heterogeneity =0.27, I2=17%) (Figure). The RR of stroke in primary prevention trials was 0.81 (12 trials, 95% CI, 0.72-0.91; P=0.0006). Among 3 trials, which distinguished ischemic from hemorrhagic stroke as endpoints, folic acid therapy reduced risk of ischemic stroke (RR=0.77; 95% CI 0.67-0.90, P=0.0006), but had a neutral effect on hemorrhagic stroke (RR=0.92, 95% CI 0.66-1.28, P=0.61).
Conclusion: Among people living in countries without mandatory folic acid food fortification, folic acid therapy reduces the occurrence of a stroke.
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First, I'll tell you what it DOESN'T mean… It doesn't mean that only 1% of the calories come from fat.
Here's what it DOES mean: That 99% of the weight of the food is fat-free. So if the food weighs 100 grams, 1 gram comes from fat. And every gram of fat contains 9 calories. So depending on how much a food weighs, it may contain more fat than you expect.


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Recently Completed Programs
Information about Careers in Science and Technology
In its Information about Careers in Science and Technology program, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation is working to make available detailed, accurate information about the nature of scientific and technical careers.
Foundation efforts have led to the launch, in 2003, of the Sloan Career Cornerstone Center, an ever-expanding online repository of information about careers in more than 150 scientific and technical fields. Containing information on education requirements, salaries, networking, precollege ideas, career planning resources and hundred of interviews with career professionals, Career Cornerstone has become an invaluable resource for students, advisors and guidance counselors seeking information about the prospects and challenges of work in science and technology.


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Behind the ball fields, playgrounds, picnic tables and pretty fishing-lake, there are three hiking trails through this Macedonia city park.
Because the individual trails are rather short (combined, they total 3 miles) and the park is full of play equipment, Longwood is a great destination
Some aspects to consider when rating this park or playground:
1. Is the park, playground or recreational facility safe?
2. Is it clean and well maintained?
3. Does the park provide an active, creative or educational experience?
4. Is the park parent and child friendly?
5. Is it toddler, pre-k, small and big kid friendly?


Frequently Asked Questions
How did the museum get started?
Raymond Buckland started The Buckland Museum of Witchcraft and Magick in 1966. This was the first museum of its kind in the United States with an anthropological approach to the world of folklore and the supernatural.
Are witches real?
Witches as depicted in cartoons and movies or the "Halloween" witches are mostly pretend. Witches however are real, and Wiccan Witchcraft is a recognized religious affiliation.
Does the museum have a cat?
The museum does have an official cat name Robat. Robat is a black cat that we adopted from our friends at A Christmas Story House in 2019. Robat often helps with tours.
What books do you recommend I read?
There are many books on many different aspects of Witchcraft and Magic. Stop in to our gift shop and look through our extensive collection to see what catches your eye and to talk with our staff. We would be happy to give you recommendations based on your personal interests!


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- Original Pdf: pdf
- Abstract: Although mathematical expressions (MEs) recognition have achieved great progress, the development of MEs recognition in real scenes is still unsatisfactory. Inspired by the recent work of neutral network, this paper proposes a novel two-stage approach which takes a printed mathematical expression image as input and generates LaTeX sequence as output. In the first stage, this method locates and recognizes the math symbols of input image by object detection algorithm. In the second stage, it translates math symbols with position information into LaTeX sequences by seq2seq model equipped with attention mechanism. In particular, the detection of mathematical symbols and the structural analysis of mathematical formulas are carried out separately in two steps, which effectively improves the recognition accuracy and enhances the generalization ability. The experiment demonstrates that the two-stage method significantly outperforms the end-to-end method. Especially, the ExpRate(expression recognition rate) of our model is 74.1%, 20.3 percentage points higher than that of the end-to-end model on the test data that doesn't come from the same source as training data.
- Keywords: mathematical expressions recognition, seq2seq model


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To enable students to list the conditions which led César Chávez to direct the farm workers' struggle for economic wellbeing and to evaluate current issues facing farm workers and the American consumer today.
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Unit: Concepts of Leadership
Unit: Jobs on the Move
In this lesson, learners study vocabulary and concepts of the Great Depression. They explore the factors that led to the Great Depression and compare them to the economic conditions of the recent recession of 2008 and 2009. Learners read excerpts from two literature books by John Steinbeck and...
In response to an activity involving unfair distribution of food, students explore what can be done to address the issue of child hunger in the United States. They conduct an investigation of hunger in the local community. Students join with a nonprofit organization and take action to address...
To help students realize the ways that writing has served as a historical tool, and to understand that through writing individuals have captured and preserved history.
In this lesson the learners will explore food scarcity and abundance as they relate to issues of poverty, wealth and health. They will identity a need in their community and explore ways that they might help reduce poverty, hunger, and ill-health there.


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Előadás címe: An adaptive method based on sequential tests to evaluate an image analyzing procedure
Időpont: 2020.06.30. 15:35-15:55
Kivonat: Our aim is to decide whether an algorithm, that identifies certain diseases based on images, works with the desired efficiency. Based on sequential testing, we present an adaptive method to do so. It determines if a decision can be made based on the already acquired observations. If not, then the method also chooses the optimal number of observations to obtain next.


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How the UN is using Google technology to increase awareness of refugee camps
The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has teamed up with Google to give anyone with Web access a chance to see what life and conditions are like in a refugee camp. The initial iteration centers on Chad, Iraq, Colombia and Darfur.
Web surfers can explore camps through the visual, textual, audio and video information that's layered on top of the bigger picture. Pop-up windows throughout the images of the camps tell you what's going on, and what's needed. You can also move in close enough to examine the infrastructure, including schools and other facilities.


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You wake up in the middle of the night to a strange noise. The dog is in bed with you, so you know it's not your pet making the noise. You slowly rise out of bed, you are terrified of what you might find, yet you walk towards the noise anyway.
Why do we often walk towards scary things instead of run away? Sometimes, humans need to gather more information to assess a threat. Sometime we need to "information-seek."
Dogs also do this. Coming up, more on information-seeking in dogs.
For more training tips, please see Puddin's Training Tips
For more pet articles, check out SAPAWS
Click here for information on public appearances (humans only).


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In an auditory interpretation study, Frazier and Clifton (1998; F&C) tested sluices with two indefinite possible antecedents:
With the embedded object (someone) accented, object responses (who was hiding) reached 69%, while accenting the matrix subject (tourist) produced 46% object responses. Accent position significantly affected interpretation, presumably by helping focus the accented element, but object responses remained even with subject accent. This object bias was traced to focus more indirectly, through perceivers' general tendency (in English) to assign focus clause-finally. However, these results could also result from a preference specifically for object antecedents, or for antecedents not separated from the sluice by additional clause boundaries. Additionally, this work explored focus only in indefinite sluices, though other types exist (Romero 1997, Merchant 2001).
An auditory questionnaire addressed alternative explanations using sluices with two VP-internal indefinites:
Two further experiments extended this work to the processing of contrast sluices (with 'else' indicating contrast with a definite antecedent, instead of an indefinite) as in (3):
In a written questionnaire, sentences like (3) received 86% object responses, showing that the preference for a clause-final antecedent holds for contrast sluices. In an auditory questionnaire, object responses fell to 42% with the subject (Alice) accented, vs. 88% with the object (Bill) accented (p's.001). With the verb or both arguments accented, object responses were at 76% (each differed from the subject/object accent conditions, p's.05). These results show that exclusive accent on only one argument is needed to raise focus assignments to that argument, not just the presence of an accent. Finally, despite strong accent effects, an overall bias towards the lower antecedent remains, showing that the position of default focus is important in all sluices tested. The implications of these results for ellipsis processing and the relation between accent and focus will be discussed.


{\mathcal{C}}$, and $h$ with a natural transformation of functors $H: F \rightarrow F'$. Since every vertex of $\operatorname{Sing}_{\bullet }(X)$ is contained in $K$, this natural transformation carries each point $x \in X$ to the identity morphism $\operatorname{id}_{ \overline{f}(x) }: F(x) \rightarrow F(x) = F'(x)$. It follows that the functors $F$ and $F'$ are identical, so that the morphisms $\overline{f}$ and $\overline{f}'$ are the same. $\square$
Proof of Theorem 3.4.7.1. For every group $G$, let us write $BG$ for the groupoid having a single object with automorphism group $G$ (Example 1.2.4.3). Fix a point $x \in U \cap V$. To show that the diagram
\[ \xymatrix@R =50pt@C=50pt{ \pi _{1}( U \cap V, x) \ar [r] \ar [d] & \pi _{1}(U,x) \ar [d] \\ \pi _{1}(V,x) \ar [r] & \pi _{1}(X,x) } \]
is a pushout square in the category of groups, it will suffice to show that the diagram $\sigma _0$:
\[ \xymatrix@R =50pt@C=50pt{ B \pi _{1}( U \cap V, x) \ar [r] \ar [d] & B \pi _{1}(U,x) \ar [d] \\ B\pi _{1}(V,x) \ar [r] & B \pi _{1}(X,x) } \]
is a pushout square in the (ordinary) category $\operatorname{Cat}$.
For each point $y \in X$, choose a continuous path $p_{y}: [0,1] \rightarrow X$ satisfying $p(0) = x$ and $p(1) = y$. By virtue of our assumption that $U$, $V$, and $U \cap V$ are path connected, we can arrange that these paths satisfy the following requirements:
 - If $y = x$, then $p_ y: [0,1] \rightarrow X$ is the constant map taking the value $x$.
 - If $y$ is contained in the intersection $U \cap V$, then the path $p_{y}$ factors through $U \cap V$.
 - If $y$ is contained in $U$, then the path $p_{y}$ factors through $U$.
 - If $y$ is contained in $V$, then the path $p_{y}$ factors through $V$.
Note that, for $W \in \{ X, U, V, U \cap V \} $, we can identify $B \pi _{1}(W,x)$ with the full subcategory of $\pi _{\leq 1}(W)$ spanned by the point $x$. Let $r_{W}: \pi _{\leq 1}(W) \rightarrow B \pi _{1}(W,x)$ be the functor which carries each point of $W$ to the point $x$, and each morphism $\alpha \in \operatorname{Hom}_{\pi _{\leq 1}(W)}( y, z )$ to the composition $[p_{z}]^{-1} \circ \alpha \circ [p_{y}]$ (where $[p_ y]$ and $[p_ z]$ denote the homotopy classes of the paths $p_ y$ and $p_ z$, regarded as morphisms in the fundamental groupoid $\pi _{\leq 1}(W)$). The functors $r_{W}$ restrict to the identity on $B \pi _{1}(W,x)$ and are compatible as $W$ varies, and therefore exhibit $\sigma _0$ as a retract of the diagram $\sigma :$
\[ \xymatrix@R =50pt@C=50pt{ \pi _{\leq 1}(U \cap V) \ar [r] \ar [d] & \pi _{\leq 1}(U) \ar [d] \\ \pi _{\leq 1}(V) \ar [r] & \pi _{\leq 1}(X) } \]
in the category $\operatorname{Fun}( [1] \times [1], \operatorname{Cat})$. Since $\sigma $ is a pushout square (by virtue of Theorem 3.4.7.2), it follows that $\sigma _0$ is also a pushout square. $\square$
If $X$ is a topological space and $U \subseteq X$ is a subspace (not necessarily open), we will write $\mathrm{H}_{\ast }(X,U; \operatorname{\mathbf{Z}})$ for the relative homology groups of the pair $(X,U)$: that is, the homology groups of the quotient chain complex $\mathrm{C}_{\ast }(X; \operatorname{\mathbf{Z}}) / \mathrm{C}_{\ast }(U;\operatorname{\mathbf{Z}})$ (see Example 2.5.5.3).
Theorem 3.4.7.3 (Excision for Homology). Let $X$ be a topological space and let $U,V \subseteq X$ be subsets whose interiors $\mathring {U} \subseteq U$ and $\mathring {V} \subseteq V$ comprise an open covering of $X$. Then the inclusion $U \hookrightarrow X$ induces an isomorphism of relative homology groups
\[ \mathrm{H}_{\ast }( U, U \cap V; \operatorname{\mathbf{Z}}) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{\ast }(X, V; \operatorname{\mathbf{Z}}). \]
Proof. Let $K$ denote the pushout $\operatorname{Sing}_{\bullet }(U) \coprod _{ \operatorname{Sing}_{\bullet }(U \cap V) } \operatorname{Sing}_{\bullet }(V)$. We then have a commutative diagram of short exact sequences of chain complexes
\[ \xymatrix@R =50pt@C=40pt{ 0 \ar [r] & \mathrm{C}_{\ast }(V; \operatorname{\mathbf{Z}}) \ar@ {=}[d] \ar [r] & \mathrm{C}_{\ast }(K; \operatorname{\mathbf{Z}}) \ar [r] \ar [d]^{\theta '} & \mathrm{C}_{\ast }(U;\operatorname{\mathbf{Z}}) / \mathrm{C}_{\ast }(U \cap V;\operatorname{\mathbf{Z}}) \ar [d]^{\theta } \ar [r] & 0 \\ 0 \ar [r] & \mathrm{C}_{\ast }(V; \operatorname{\mathbf{Z}}) \ar [r] & \mathrm{C}_{\ast }(X; \operatorname{\mathbf{Z}}) \ar [r] & \mathrm{C}_{\ast }(X; \operatorname{\mathbf{Z}}) / \mathrm{C}_{\ast }(V; \operatorname{\mathbf{Z}}) \ar [r] & 0. } \]
Consequently, to show that $\theta $ is a quasi-isomorphism, it will suffice to show that $\theta '$ is a quasi-isomorphism (Remark 2.5.1.7). This is a special case of Proposition 3.1.6.18, since the inclusion $K \hookrightarrow \operatorname{Sing}_{\bullet }(X)$ is


In today's times people are getting more workaholic which involves a continuous and glued sitting position, more exposure to computers and lack of body movements, in such people the problems of the spine, muscles and skeletal tissues of neck and shoulder arise. Greeva Basti addresses these issues effectively.
The word Greeva refers to neck and Basti stands for retaining something inside mainly medicated oil. It is an Ayurvedic neck care and basically a hot oil therapy. Greeva Basti is bathing the neck region with medicated oil or freshly prepared herbal decoction. The procedure does oleation and sudation around the neck region simultaneously.
1) Relieves the burden of stress and congestion in nerves, bones and muscles of the neck and shoulders and thus relaxing and rejuvenating them
2) Improves flexibility and brings smooth movement.
3) Improves circulation around the neck and shoulder region.
4) Relieves pain and stiffness.
Cervical spondylosis
Cervical disc lesion
Tingling, numbness of hands
Compression fractures
Chronic pain in neck region
Frozen shoulder
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"Adventures with a Microscope" DVD is 1 hr. 5 min. long and was produced by Microscope World. *Note: The program is for home use only. We offer different videos for schools
The DVD has four main sections with 13 chapter points:
Part 1 (12 min.) How to Use a Microscope and Prepare Slides: We show you everything you need to know for getting the most out of your microscope.
Part 2 (15 min.) Investigating Cells, five engaging demonstrations of observations that you can do with plant and animal cells.
(22 min.) Observing Prepared Specimens. Here we spend 1-3 minutes showing you what to look for when using the 10 prepared slides in your Super Slide Kit (10 individual chapter points on the DVD for easy access).
(15 min.) Investigating Pond Water. This section is awesome! You will see many microscopic critters found in pond water. See protozoans splitting and watch the food chain in action! With your microscope, you can find these same organisms in lakes, streams, aquariums and even an old rain puddle.


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Saqqara Geophysical Survey Project (SGSP)Supported by: Glasgow Museums
Directors: Dr. Campbell Price and Dr. Angela McDonald.
Area: the whole plateau of Saqqara
Click here to visit the website of this project.
The Scottish expedition, then directed by Ian Mathieson and Harry Smith, started in 1990 with a remote sensing programme of the Saqqara plateau. This employs techniques such as electricity resistivity-meter survey, magnometry, ground-penetrating radar, and sonic and thermal reflection, in combination with global positioning satellite equipment (GPS). The team has already mapped the whole of the area to the north and east of the Step Pyramid, plus the full length of the Wadi Abusir (stretching from the former lake of Abusir south to the Gisr el-Mudir). These geophysical maps show numerous hitherto unknown structures, as well as others which were seen during the 19th or early 20th centuries but have again disappeared under drift sand again. Among the latter is the avenue of sphinxes originally leading up to the entrance of the Serapeum. The former include several rows of Late Period temple platforms lining the Serapeum enclosure to the west of the Step Pyramid. Some of these were also excavated by the expedition, and limited sondages at the Gisr el-Mudir have been the first to show the impressive construction of its limestone perimeter walls. Among the most recent discoveries is a large mastaba suspected to date to Dynasty 3: could this be the long-lost tomb of the legendary Imhotep, architect of the Step Pyramid? The project continues on a yearly basis and is supposed to move gradually to the area south of the Step Pyramid, where it would cover the area of the Dutch concession.


This is the perfect pocket guide for nature and foraging enthusiasts keen to identify the most commonly found mushrooms and toadstools in Britain and northern Europe.
Authoritative text, beautiful photographs and detailed illustrations show the distinguishing features of each mushroom and toadstool, including details of size, habitat and when it can be found, whether it is edible or poisonous and most importantly, which similar species it can be confused with and why.
This new edition builds on the strengths of the unrivalled original, now expanded to include over 240 species of mushroom and toadstool.
Collins Gem Mushrooms


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The channel geometry of 48 gaged streams in California where mean annual runoff is known was studied in 1967 and 1968. The analyses show that the mean annual runoff is related to selected dimensions of channel geometry. The width and the average depth of the cross section between bars or beams can be used to estimate annual runoff from ungaged streams. Separate relations are needed for perennial and ephemeral streams. The analyses also showed that it is better to measure several cross sections, compute the discharge for each cross section, and average these discharges to obtain the discharge for the site. A 10-year period, 1958-67, was analyzed to determine if the channel dimensions were affected by recent hydrologic or climatic events. It was determined that the computed runoff represented a long-term mean; that is, the standard error of estimate was less for the regression using the runoff for the period of record rather than for the 10year period.
Additional publication details
USGS Numbered Series
Mean annual runoff as related to channel geometry of selected streams in California


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I'm wondering if there are heuristic ways to derive how the peak density and temperature of nuclear explosions scale with the amount of fissile/fusible material.
Does it matter what the explosion energy is made of? what if the source of the energy is matter antimatter annihilation? how would that scale? any intuitive way to derive those as well?
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Certainly for nuclear explosives the design of the device matters--there are bomb designs that get larger (and generally cleaner) or smaller (and generally dirtier) explosions from similar amounts of fissile material. There are even rumors that the nuclear powers were investigating "dial-a-yield" devices where the explosive power could be set (over some range) in the field. – dmckee Sep 5 '12 at 14:58
_USER_, interesting. So maybe what is relevant for this question would be a maximum achievable bound on the yield? – lurscher Sep 5 '12 at 16:41
The existence of dial-a-yield technology was declassified (item 8.c) in the 90s, but only some UK weapons were confirmed to have selectable yield. – mmc Sep 6 '12 at 1:10
_USER_ What a fascinating document. All the instances of "the mere fact" are interesting as are the degree to which many of these facts were widely known long before that time. On the other had I recall watching a episode of Mutual of Omaha'a Wild Kingdom on finding whales at sea one evening after which my father (a retired naval officer) said something like "I think they just covered an entire classified book called 'How to find a submarine'". – dmckee Sep 6 '12 at 21:29
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Environmental and Product Responsibility at Pennsuco
The Pennsuco Plant has been designed to recover and use the heat from the kiln and from the cooling clinker. Raw materials are preheated by exiting kiln gases as they fall through five cyclones in the preheater tower. The result is reduced energy requirements and a more consistent product. Innovative processes have reduced NOx and other emissions per ton of clinker to the lowest in Florida.
Remote sensors at key locations throughout the complex measure everything from machine revolutions, to vibration and heat, to the make up of the materials entering the plant. They connect to computerized maintenance and management systems in the control center. Strategically placed video cameras allow control operators to see inside the plant components – even inside the kiln. Maintenance is prescheduled, plant uptime is significantly increased, emissions are continually controlled, and output quality is very predictable.
The comprehensive lab continually tests raw materials and finished cement using automated samplers and pneumatic transport systems. Clinker samples are manually transported to the lab and all are delivered to a preprogrammed robot which routes them to various test equipment for immediate analysis. Computer readouts from the testing enables plant operators in the control room to make continuous adjustments to raw materials blends, kiln conditions, and other factors to ensure optimum operation and output.
The segmented bag house design allows maintenance on one segment while others continue to function for uninterrupted plant operation. Screw conveyors continually feed kiln dust bin material back into the production stream.
Pulverized preheater and kiln fuel coal is fully consumed in the manufacturing process. Producing intense heat – up to 3,400° F at the kiln flame – the coal adds essential mineral components to the clinker.
The Pennsuco kiln is designed to burn both pulverized coal fuel as well as a mixture of coal plus carbon rich material separated from power plant fly ash. Separation Technologies, a Titan America business, is a world leader in electrostatic separation of fly ash from coal-fired power plants. Carbon rich material from the Separation Technologies plant at the JEA power plant in Jacksonville, Florida is currently being tested at the Pennsuco plant as a possible supplemental fuel source.
Another innovative recycling initiative being studied is to introduce quantities of kiln dust from previous Pennsuco cement plants, currently in managed storage areas, as a production feed stock. Estimates are that new Pennsuco Cement Plant could consume upwards of 300,000 tons of this material over a five-year period. Recycling the existing stored kiln dust would eliminate the need for an equivalent amount of new material.


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WI.A. Science Connections: Students in Wisconsin will understand that there are unifying themes: systems, order, organization, and interactions; evidence, models, and explanations; constancy, change, and measurement; evolution, equilibrium, and energy; form and function among scientific disciplines.
A.8.8. Use the themes of evolution, equilibrium, and energy to predict future events or changes in the natural world.
WI.D. Physical Science: Students in Wisconsin will demonstrate an understanding of the physical and chemical properties of matter, the forms and properties of energy, and the ways in which matter and energy interact.
D.8.3. Properties and Changes of Properties in Matter: Understand how chemical interactions and behaviors lead to new substances with different properties.
D.8.4. Properties and Changes of Properties in Matter: While conducting investigations, use the science themes to develop explanations of physical and chemical interactions and energy exchanges.
D.8.7. Motions and Forces: While conducting investigations of common physical and chemical interactions occurring in the laboratory and the outside world, use commonly accepted definitions of energy and the idea of energy conservation.
D.8.9. Transfer of Energy: Explain the behaviors of various forms of energy by using the models of energy transmission, both in the laboratory and in real-life situations in the outside world.


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Excel Fibonacci sequence help in VBA!!!
Ask the user to enter a number. Generate the Fibonacci sequence from 0 to that number.
This question generated 11 answers. To proceed to the answers, click here.
This thread is current as of October 8, 2014.
For more resources for Microsoft Excel:
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35951C/51C Reed Relay IMP/IMC
The 35951C Isolated Measurement Pods (IMP) and the 359551C Isolated Measurement Cards (IMC) both use reed-relay switching. This makes them ideal for applications requiring high inter-channel isolation.
In this simple concept, plant parameters are measured by intelligent, multi-channel modules, called Isolated Measurement Pods (IMPs) or rack mounted mulit-channel cards called Isolated Measurement Cards (IMCs); these are all linked together by a low cost twisted pair communications network called S-Net. The cable is connected through a special interface to the host computer, which has data acquisition software to configure and control the IMPs/IMCs and to store and display the data.
A wide range of precise process parameter measurements can be made using built-in sensor energisation, integral signal conditioning and a 16 bit ADC; signal noise is kept to an absolute minimum by using selectable integration times, and drift correction is automatically applied between scans.
The 35951C Isolated Measurement Pods (IMP) and the 359551C Isolated Measurement Cards (IMC) both use reed-relay switching, which makes them ideal for applications requiring high inter-channel isolation; they are capable of measuring up to 250 volts with the optional high voltage connector.
The IMP is housed in a NEMA4/IP55 environmentally sealed package which can be installed directly onto the plant or machinery being monitored, making installation very cost effective, and data and power are supplied from the single twisted pair cable, which can be up to 1500 metres in length. The IMC is designed for use where very high density measurement is required, and up to 14 cards may be housed in a single 5U Eurorack – then yielding up to 280 channels per rack; the rack is in turn housed in and supported by a secondary cabinet or enclosure. Both of these devices us a multi-channel removable connector block which makes installation and exchange simple.