text:
Date of Award
Doctor of Philosophy
Educational Leadership and Policy Studies
Jerry W. Gilley
Organizations invest significantly in training programs and estimates are that only 10 percent of the learning in training programs is transferred to the workplace. While it is appropriate for Human Resource Development professionals to be advocates for training, it is imperative for the profession not only to increase the training transfer, but also to make connections between the training investment and broader business goals and objectives. Plentiful studies exist which identify various mediating factors for training transfer, including improved training content, learner motivation and ability, and exterior organizational factors such as workplace transfer climate. However, few studies focus on the impact of training transfer factors to the accomplishment of the broader business goals and objectives.;Within the literature, a newer strand of inquiry focuses specifically on the impact of workplace transfer climate as a promising transfer catalyst. In the wider organizational development field, Value-Profit Chain studies are beginning to uncover links between employee situational factors (loyalty, commitment, satisfaction) and both customer satisfaction and other organizational key performance indicators (i.e. sales growth, profit growth, turnover). The intent of this study was to determine potential links between workplace transfer climate and the attainment of business goals and objectives in a particular firm, and in so doing, to provide a possible connection between training transfer research and Value-Profit Chain analysis.;Results of the study indicate that stores with a more positive workplace transfer climate showed stronger operational results than did stores with a less positive workplace transfer climate. Further, the study found that the individual factors relating to workplace transfer climate were not homogeneous. Finally, study results indicated employees' perceptions regarding certain workplace climate factors were mediated through their perceptions of the managerial support variable.;Past studies have suggested that workplace climate supports transfer of trained skills to the workplace. This study supports and extends that knowledge and indicates that workplace transfer climate is supportive in the attainment of business goals and objectives. As such, this study provides a preliminary, yet important, link between training transfer research and Value-Profit Chain analysis of organizational effectiveness.
Digital Repository @ Iowa State University, _URL_
Hoekstra, Erik, "An exploration of the value profit chain for training transfer: a study of the relationship of workplace transfer climate to business goals and objectives in one firm " (2003). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 591.


text:
Sonochemical Synthesis of Networked Silica Shell with Reduced Microporosity on Titania Nanocores for Photocatalytic Activity Reduction
Silica shells with a high density of networks and reduced microporosity has been formed on titania nanocores via a sonochemical approach in the absence of ammonia as a hydrolyzing catalyst. The TiO2-silica core-shell nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and microporosity measurements. The photocatalytic activity of coated titania was also reported. FTIR measurements showed that the silica shell was formed with a high density of networks through the formation of asymmetric Si–O–Si vibration and asymmetric Si–O–Si stretching vibration bonds. Moreover, the thickness and microporosity of the silica shell could be altered by controlling the sonochemical power and time parameters.
No Supplementary Data
No Article Media
Document Type: Research Article
Affiliations: Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai _PHONE_, Japan
Publication date: 2009-12-01

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
An Information Quest with Wonderware eDNA
The challenge for electricity companies is to improve grid efficiency whilst reducing the dependence on traditional generation sources and coping with:
- Aging network assets
- Extreme weather patterns
- The intermittency of renewable energy
Learn the benefits of using "Wonderware eDNA real-time data historian" software to monitor the UK transmission system. Watch how the historian has enabled National Grid's control engineers to detect emerging patterns and trends for both post-event analysis and in future planning. Watch the webinar!
Please fill out and submit the form to proceed.


text:
By Joshi-Mysql-Oracle on Feb 25, 2015
System QA took the approach of using Random Query Generator (RQG) to generate different SQL's for multitude of data types available and supported in MySQL.
This approach would help in easily testing the validity of currently
supported data types and changes (if any) to the same.
Following steps explain What and How this was accomplished
- Generate the table
structure and generate insert queries for different data types through RQG and
redirect to a file.
Use gendata.pl which is part of RQG to create Table structure ( for this instance we have used DATE related data type )
$ perl gendata.pl --dsn=dbi:mysql:host=127.0.0.1:port=3306:user=root:database=rqg --spec=ex_dt.zz
- Generate SQL queries
using gensql and redirect the output to a file
For the following grammar we generated insert queries
INSERT INTO _table(_field) VALUES (data);
date | time | datetime | year | timestamp ;
_date |1000-01-01 | 999-01-01| 999-00-00 |9999-12-31|10000-13-32 ;
_time|-838:59:59 | -839:59:59 |-838:61:61 |838:59:59| 838:62:63 ;
_datetime|999-00-00 00:00:-10| 9999-12-31 23:59:59|10000-12-31 23:59:59 ;
_timestamp|1970 _01_01 00:00:01 |1970-00-00 00:00:01 |2038-01-19 03:14:07 |2038-02-19 03:14:07 ;
$ perl gensql.pl --grammar=ex_dt.yy --queries=10 --dsn=dbi:mysql:host=127.0.0.1:port=3306:user=root:database=rqg > generatedsqls.txt
Note: One can tune the –queries and the corresponding grammar to increase or decrease the data set generated
- Execute the queries
through Connector Application and collect the results
Created a sample Connector Application to
- Open up a connection ( with default settings ) to MySQL Server
- Read the SQL's generated from Step 2 (generatedsqls.txt )
- Execute the insert query that is read on to MySQL Server
- Retrieve the data inserted using Select operation
- Capture the output/response for the Select operation
- Perform same operation(s)
as in Step 3 with MySQL Client
- Compare the output captured
from Step 3 and Step 4
If there is any difference in the resultant then the analysis would clearly point to the difference in handling the datatype/data by different connectors.
Currently System QA has tried this with MySQL Connector/Python and MySQL Connector/Java and identified some differences.
For instance with DATE type following difference is noticed
Data inserted: '999-00-00'
Data retrieved from MySQL Client: '0999-00-00'
Data retrieved from MySQL C/Java: '0998-11-30'
We can try and test this with different Connectors ( MySQL Connector/ODBC, MySQL Connector/C, MySQL Connector/C++,
MySQL Connector/Java,MySQL Connector Python )
The same approach can be easily expanded to other data types or operations by using the
features in RQG, if there are any changes to data types in MySQL Server.
Amrutha Rao and Madhusudhan Joshi
System QA Team

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The Global Strategy, in collaboration with Zambia's Central Statistical Office (CSO) and the Ministry of Agriculture (MoA), carried out field tests of the guidelines on the quick assessment of grain stocks through value chains, which were developed by the Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS) project.
The rapid assessment of stocks is given particular attention in light of the increasing efforts of national governments and international agencies to reduce the costs of collecting primary data on grain stocks. Among the key factors that contribute to raising the profile of rapid assessment of grain stocks through value chains are: a wide information base, availability and accessibility of some qualitative and quantitative stock data as well as other related concerns.
The primary objective of the guidelines is to gather information from agricultural value chain entities such as commercial producers, farmers, traders and processors in a timely and cost-effective manner. This is necessary to determine the extent of private stock holdings at critical times and includes the direct participation of supply-chain participants as well as private and public sector support service providers. The approach combines secondary information into the validation process for better informing decision-making and policy analysis, thus satisfying the need for better stock information on crops and commodities.
During the field-testing process, the Global Office organized a joint mission with experts of the CSO and the MoA in Zambia, focusing on two major staple grains in the country: Maize and Sorghum. The objective of the mission was to validate the procedures described in the guidelines and discuss the approach with the key stakeholders involved in grain stock data in Zambia. The guidelines in fact, advocate for a consensus-building approach that involves experts in the field, which have a better understanding of the country's context. Almost all stakeholders appreciated the proposed approach and the importance of receiving the carry-over stocks ahead of time.
Based on these field tests, the CSO is planning to integrate the quick grain stock estimation methodology described in the guidelines into the existing statistical system. According to the Director General of the CSO, generating early grain stock estimates is a requirement of data users in Zambia and the methodology described in the guidelines would be included into the national statistical system to provide earlier stock estimates.


Balopacara, Bālōpacāra, Bālopacāra, Bala-upacara: 6 definitions
Alternative spellings of this word include Balopachara.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
[«previous next»] — Balopacara in Marathi glossary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary
bālōpacāra (बालोपचार).—m (S) A medicine or a point of medical treatment suitable or adapted to children; any mild and gentle medicine, remedy, operation, or application.
--- OR ---
bāḷōpacāra (बाळोपचार).—& bāḷōpacārī Properly bālōpacāra & bālōpacārī.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English
bālōpacāra (बालोपचार).—m Any mild and gentle medicine.
context information
Discover the meaning of balopacara in the context of Marathi from relevant books on Exotic India
Sanskrit dictionary
[«previous next»] — Balopacara in Sanskrit glossary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary
Bālopacāra (बालोपचार).—(medical) treatment of children.
Derivable forms: bālopacāraḥ (बालोपचारः).
Bālopacāra is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms bāla and upacāra (उपचार). See also (synonyms): bālopacaraṇa.
[Sanskrit to German] (Deutsch Wörterbuch)
Bālopacāra (बालोपचार):—[(bāla + u)] m. ärztliche Behandlung der Kinder [Weber's Verzeichniss 278, 33.]
context information
Discover the meaning of balopacara in the context of Sanskrit from relevant books on Exotic India
Hindi dictionary
[«previous next»] — Balopacara in Hindi glossary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary
Bālopacāra (बालोपचार):—(nm) children's treatment.
context information
Discover the meaning of balopacara in the context of Hindi from relevant books on Exotic India
See also (Relevant definitions)
Relevant text
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text:
Morgan Creek Floodplain Restoration
The Morgan Creek floodplain restoration, completed in 2010, restored or preserved over 20 acres of floodplain wetland along 2,300 feet of Morgan Creek at the Mason Farm Biological Preserve. The project was constructed by NCDENR EEP (now NC Department of Environmental Quality Division of Mitigation Services). A berm had been constructed along the southern bank of Morgan Creek some time prior to 1950 to prevent flooding in farm fields, effectively preventing flows less than the 10-year event from accessing the floodplain. The project breached the berm in five locations to allow overbank conveyance into the floodplain two to three times per year. The project restored flood hydrology through the berm openings, restored groundwater hydrology in floodplain wetlands and reestablished native bottomland forest vegetation in the floodplain. The restored wetlands reduce flooding downstream and improve water quality in Jordan Lake by reducing sediment and nutrient loads.


May 2, 2020
Understanding Kubernetes' pod lifecycle: the readiness probe
Introduction
Understanding Kubernetes' concepts is key to running highly available applications.
This article will take you through the scenario of deploying a new version of a pod, and show how understanding the pod lifecycle and implementing a readiness probe will help you deploying new releases without downtime.
Without a readiness probe Kubernetes will try to guess when your pod is ready, and then schedule traffic to it. If the pod has latency between the point-in-time when the container is running and when it can handle traffic, this will cause transactions to be dropped, a.k.a. downtime. A typical situation where this may happen, is if your container has a heavy initialization sequence, like starting multiple processes, making consistency checks or downloading external content that it should serve.
Demonstration
All steps shown here can be found in this github repo. To generate latency we will use a pre-built docker image trondhindenes/k8sprobetester. The author has also written a good article about probes.
In each step we will make a release update between v1 and v2 by preparing the environment (by deploying deployment-v1.yaml) and then applying deployment-v2.yaml while running a test (using curl with a time-out of 1 second). The test result will show how each method of deploying a new version affected the availability of the application.
I you want to follow along in your environment the repo has all the needed instructions.
Step 1: naive approach
The v1 deployment in step1 has no readiness probe so Kubernetes will switch the traffic to the new pod when it has started. As we have introduced a latency of 10 seconds curl will time-out a few times, and recover once the new pod is ready to handle traffic.
This video demonstrates the transaction behavior (left window) and the way kubernetes replaces the v1 pod with v2 (top right window). Notice that the state of the new pod becomes "1/1" right away as Kubernetes "thinks" it is ready.
Step 2: with readiness probe
The v1 deployment in step2 has a readiness probe so Kubernetes will switch the traffic to the new pod when it's probe says it is ready. As we have introduced a latency of 10 seconds the traffic will be routed to the previous version of the pod until the new pod is ready, and curl will not time-out.
 spec:
 containers:
 - image: trondhindenes/k8sprobetester:latest
 ...
 readinessProbe:
 httpGet:
 path: /healthz
 port: 80
 httpHeaders:
 - name: Host
 value: KubernetesLivenessProbe
 initialDelaySeconds: 5
 failureThreshold: 2
This video demonstrates the transaction behavior (left window) and the way kubernetes replaces the v1 pod with v2 (top right window). Notice that the state of the new pod first becomes "0/1", and "1/1" with a delay (of the introduced latency. As long as the new version of the pod is not Kubernetes routes the traffic to the previous version, leading to a zero-downtime deployment.
Content licensed under CC BY 4.0


text:
Beersheba (Be'er Sheva) is the largest city in the Negev desert of Israel. In 2005 the population reached 185,000 and Beersheba became the sixth largest city in Israel. It is often called "The Capital of the Negev".
Beersheba is divided into fourteen residential neighbourhoods in addition to the Old City.
Beersheba is home to Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, and the Soroka Medical Center.
Ben Gurion University
of the Negev
Nahal Ashan Park
Tel Be'er-Sheva, a few kilometers northeast,is where the ancient city of Beersheba can be found. Abraham's Well is where the first peace treaty was signed over 3700 years ago. Tel Be'er-Sheva was situated in the territory of the tribe of Simeon, in the extreme southern part of ancient Israel.
According to the Torah (Genesis 21:22-31), Beersheba was the place where Abraham, father of the Israelites, dug a well as part of his covenant with King Abimelech of Gerar. Abraham also planted a tamarisk tree here, invoking the name of HaShem. Another account (Genesis 26:26-33), however, attributes the naming of the site to Isaac; it was the place where both he and his son Jacob lived. Other events are also set here (1 Samuel 8:2; 1 Kings 19:3; Amos 5:5; Nehemiah 11:27-30).
Monument to the Negev Brigade
Beersheba National Park

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


OATAO - Open Archive Toulouse Archive Ouverte Open Access Week
Assessing the importance of a self-generated detachment process in river biofilm models
Boulêtreau, Stéphanie and Garabétian, Frédéric and Sauvage, Sabine and Sanchez-Pérez, José-Miguel Assessing the importance of a self-generated detachment process in river biofilm models. (2006) Freshwater Biology, 51 (5). 901-912. ISSN _PHONE_
[img]
Preview
(Document in English)
PDF (Version auteur) - Requires a PDF viewer such as GSview, Xpdf or Adobe Acrobat Reader
528kB
Official URL: _URL_
Abstract
1. Epilithic biofilm biomass was measured for 14 months in two sites, located up- and downstream of the city of Toulouse in the Garonne River (south-west France). Periodical sampling provided a biomass data set to compare with simulations from the model of Uehlinger, Bürher and Reichert (1996: Freshwater Biology, 36, 249–263.), in order to evaluate the impact of hydraulic disturbance. 2. Despite differences in application conditions (e.g. river size, discharge, frequency of disturbance), the base equation satisfactorily predicted biomass between low and high water periods of the year, suggesting that the flood disturbance regime may be considered a universal mechanism controlling periphyton biomass. 3. However modelling gave no agreement with biomass dynamics during the 7-month long low water period that the river experienced. The influence of other biomass-regulating factors (temperature, light and soluble reactive phosphorus) on temporal biomass dynamics was weak. 4. Implementing a supplementary mechanism corresponding to a temperature-dependent self-generated loss because of heterotrophic processes allowed us to accurately reproduce the observed pattern: a succession of two peaks. This case study suggests that during typical summer low water periods (flow stability and favourable temperature) river biofilm modelling requires self-generated detachment to be considered.
Item Type:Article
Additional Information:Thanks to Wiley-Blackwell editor. The definitive version is available at _URL_
Audience (journal):International peer-reviewed journal
Uncontrolled Keywords:
Institution:French research institutions > Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE)
Université de Toulouse > Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UPS (FRANCE)
Laboratory name:
Statistics:download
Deposited By: Florence Amor
Deposited On:10 May 2011 14:30
Repository Staff Only: item control page


Ready to get started?
Learn more about the CData Python Connector for JSON or download a free trial:
Download Now
Extract, Transform, and Load JSON Services in Python
The CData Python Connector for JSON enables you to create ETL applications and pipelines for JSON services in Python with petl.
The rich ecosystem of Python modules lets you get to work quickly and integrate your systems more effectively. With the CData Python Connector for JSON and the petl framework, you can build JSON-connected applications and pipelines for extracting, transforming, and loading JSON services. This article shows how to connect to JSON with the CData Python Connector and use petl and pandas to extract, transform, and load JSON services.
With built-in, optimized data processing, the CData Python Connector offers unmatched performance for interacting with live JSON services in Python. When you issue complex SQL queries from JSON, the driver pushes supported SQL operations, like filters and aggregations, directly to JSON and utilizes the embedded SQL engine to process unsupported operations client-side (often SQL functions and JOIN operations).
Connecting to JSON Services
Connecting to JSON services looks just like connecting to any relational data source. Create a connection string using the required connection properties. For this article, you will pass the connection string as a parameter to the create_engine function.
See the Getting Started chapter in the data provider documentation to authenticate to your data source: The data provider models JSON APIs as bidirectional database tables and JSON files as read-only views (local files, files stored on popular cloud services, and FTP servers). The major authentication schemes are supported, including HTTP Basic, Digest, NTLM, OAuth, and FTP. See the Getting Started chapter in the data provider documentation for authentication guides.
After setting the URI and providing any authentication values, set DataModel to more closely match the data representation to the structure of your data.
The DataModel property is the controlling property over how your data is represented into tables and toggles the following basic configurations.
 - Document (default): Model a top-level, document view of your JSON data. The data provider returns nested elements as aggregates of data.
 - FlattenedDocuments: Implicitly join nested documents and their parents into a single table.
 - Relational: Return individual, related tables from hierarchical data. The tables contain a primary key and a foreign key that links to the parent document.
See the Modeling JSON Data chapter for more information on configuring the relational representation. You will also find the sample data used in the following examples. The data includes entries for people, the cars they own, and various maintenance services performed on those cars.
After installing the CData JSON Connector, follow the procedure below to install the other required modules and start accessing JSON through Python objects.
Install Required Modules
Use the pip utility to install the required modules and frameworks:
pip install petl
pip install pandas
Build an ETL App for JSON Services in Python
Once the required modules and frameworks are installed, we are ready to build our ETL app. Code snippets follow, but the full source code is available at the end of the article.
First, be sure to import the modules (including the CData Connector) with the following:
import petl as etl
import pandas as pd
import cdata.json as mod
You can now connect with a connection string. Use the connect function for the CData JSON Connector to create a connection for working with JSON services.
cnxn = mod.connect("URI=C:\people.json;DataModel=Relational;")
Create a SQL Statement to Query JSON
Use SQL to create a statement for querying JSON. In this article, we read data from the people entity.
sql = "SELECT [ personal.name.first ], [ personal.name.last ] FROM people WHERE [ personal.name.last ] = 'Roberts'"
Extract, Transform, and Load the JSON Services
With the query results stored in a DataFrame, we can use petl to extract, transform, and load the JSON services. In this example, we extract JSON services, sort the data by the [ personal.name.last ] column, and load the data into a CSV file.
Loading JSON Services into a CSV File
table1 = etl.fromdb(cnxn,sql)
table2 = etl.sort(table1,'[ personal.name.last ]')
etl.tocsv(table2,'people_data.csv')
In the following example, we add new rows to the people table.
Adding New Rows to JSON
table1 = [ ['[ personal.name.first ]','[ personal.name.last ]'], ['New[ personal.name.first ]1','New[ personal.name.last ]1'], ['New[ personal.name.first ]2','New[ personal.name.last ]2'], ['New[ personal.name.first ]3','New[ personal.name.last ]3'] ]
etl.appenddb(table1, cnxn, 'people')
With the CData Python Connector for JSON, you can work with JSON services just like you would with any database, including direct access to data in ETL packages like petl.
Free Trial & More Information
Download a free, 30-day trial of the JSON Python Connector to start building Python apps and scripts with connectivity to JSON services. Reach out to our Support Team if you have any questions.
Full Source Code
import petl as etl
import pandas as pd
import cdata.json as mod
cnxn = mod.connect("URI=C:\people.json;DataModel=Relational;")
sql = "SELECT [ personal.name.first ], [ personal.name.last ] FROM people WHERE [ personal.name.last ] = 'Roberts'"
table1 = etl.fromdb(cnxn,sql)
table2 = etl.sort(table1,'[ personal.name.last ]')
etl.tocsv(table2,'people_data.csv')
table3 = [ ['[ personal.name.first ]','[ personal.name.last ]'], ['New[ personal.name.first ]1','New[ personal.name.last ]1'], ['New[ personal.name.first ]2','New[ personal.name.last ]2'], ['New[ personal.name.first ]3','New[ personal.name.last ]3'] ]
etl.appenddb(table3, cnxn, 'people')


text:
Sex differences in glucose and insulin trajectories prior to diabetes diagnosis: the Whitehall II study.
To examine sex differences in trajectories of glucose and insulin prior to the development of type 2 diabetes. Glucose and insulin levels from oral glucose tolerance tests performed every 5 years in the prospective Whitehall II cohort were analysed using mixed-effects models. Out of 6,712 White participants, 475 men and 177 women developed diabetes during a median follow-up time of 14 years. Men who developed diabetes had higher fasting glucose levels than women over the entire follow-up period (P < 0.001), whereas trajectories of 2-h glucose did not differ between sexes (P = 0.34). Two-hour insulin levels tended to be higher among women than men developing diabetes (P = 0.05), but not after adjustment for height (P = 0.45). Men have higher fasting glucose levels than women many years before the diagnosis of diabetes and at time of diagnosis, indicating that the pathogenesis of diabetes may be different between sexes.


text:
A Guidebook for Developing and Sharing Transit Bus Maintenance Practices
This report should be of interest to transit bus maintenance managers and others interested in the development of written transit bus maintenance procedures, or "practices," and the sharing of these practices with others in the transit industry. The report provides guidance on how to develop effective transit bus maintenance practices tailored to one's local operating environment. It provides seven sample practices developed using the guidance. Complementing this report is an on-line Web Board sponsored by the Transportation Research Board's Committee on Transit Fleet Maintenance. This Web Board allows transit agencies to post their maintenance practices for others to review, revise as necessary for their own operating conditions, and use. The report provides instructions on how to access the Web Board, use it to develop maintenance practices, and share these practices among transit agencies.
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Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Reference Materials and Web Board Use
Chapter 3 Improving Writing Skills and Using Graphics
Chapter 4 Developing and Validating Practices
Chapter 5 Uniform Title Format for Sharing Practices
Chapter 6 Sample Maintenance Practices
Abbreviations and Acronyms
Appendix A Legal Considerations
Appendix B MS Word Template Instructions
Appendix C MS Word Template
Abbreviations used without definitions in TRB publications
Action Items adjustment agency practices agency's applicable APTA battery brake bus maintenance practices buses caliper Center City Chapter checklist circuit City Transit clean Click component contact information contained damage Defects Record develop practices Direct Current disc disclaimer document door electrical electronic employees engine equipment example facilities federal ﬂuid Flyer Industries format fuel Guidebook Hazardous Materials HVAC Insert inspection instructions intellectual property Internet maintenance personnel monitoring needed operation OSHA panel patent picture Practice for Transit practice title Practices Web Board pressure protection reference material regulations repair requirements safety sample practices Secure Service Line Sheet Special Tools speciﬁc SRTs standards Step Step-by-Step TCRP Synthesis Thermo King Thermo King Corporation tions trade secret trademark transit agencies Transit Bus Transportation Research Transportation Research Board USDOT vehicle voltage wire Word file Word template workers


text:
Optical Mouse Cancer Warning Hoax
Email warns that radiation emitted by an optical computer mouse can cause cancer and damage hand tissue (Full commentary below
(Submitted July 2007)
Just in case, please be careful.
Subject: Optical mouse can cause cancer
The convinience of using optical mouse eventually coz dangerous side
effect. After Three years from the first launch by microsoft, have been
found thousand of cases - hands tissue coz by mouse radiation.
Optical Mouse works by release Electromagnetic high frequency to the lower
surface under it. This frequency much more higher than the frequency use
As it has been known that human hand and wrist contains lot of important
nerve connected to brain.
According to WHO, the radiation from Optical Mouse is 5 times stonger than
These radiation is even worse for those product with lower quality ( non
branded mouse ), since they use weaker shield to protect customer wrist.
WHO, GreenPeace, and CNN have stopped the usage of Optical mouse in their
Meanwhile Microsoft and IBM have allocate 2 billion of US Dollar, in joint
venture to make a safer pointing device.
Big Hardware Industries in China and Taiwan are trying to hide all fact
related to this things. While in the market, most of optical mouse sold
old were coming from their product.
To avoid this, try to reduce using mouse. learn how to use hot key ( i.e.
Ctrl-V, CTRL-C for paste and copy ) Use back your old model of mouse (
with the tracking ball).
According to this "warning" email, using an optical mouse can have dangerous side effects and cause cancer due to the amount of radiation produced by the devices. The message claims that there have been thousands of cases of hand tissue damage attributed to optical mouse radiation.
However, the claims in the message are fundamentally flawed. Optical mice do not emit radiation that could cause cancer or damage tissue. An optical mouse
has a tiny built-in camera that takes thousands of photographs per second. A red light emitting diode (LED) bounces light off the underlying surface to a sensor that analyzes the images and sends coordinates to the computer. The cursor is moved on the screen based on the coordinates received.
Thus, the core component of an optical mouse is a simple LED
. Nowadays, LEDs are ubiquitous and are used in dozens of electronic devices including indicator lights in household appliances, digital clocks, remote controls, traffic lights, brake lights, television backlighting, Christmas lights, watches and fiber optics. Many of us spend our lives virtually surrounded by these tiny lights. Yet, in spite of the fact that we are exposed to LEDs almost constantly, there is no reliable information whatsoever that suggests that LED "radiation" can cause cancer or tissue damage during normal use. In fact, scientists have discovered that LEDs may actually aid healing
and have other positive health effects.
Of course, LEDs can produce very bright light and ocular discomfort or damage could occur if we stared into the light for too long. Moreover, some reports indicate that blue LEDs like those on the front of many computer systems may have negative health effects, including eye strain, headaches and disturbed sleep. There is also a somewhat convoluted and unproven connection between blue light and cancer. A Texyt article
about blue LEDs notes:
Blue light at night reduces our bodies' melatonin levels, which can disturb sleep – this is generally accepted. What is far less certain [PDF] is a link between low levels of melatonin, a weakened immune system, and cancer.
That said, there is no suggestion that emissions from the blue LED itself can cause cancer. And the LED in an optical mouse is typically red, not blue.
Furthermore, I could find no believable news or consumer reports that claim that optical mouse use can cause cancer, and this is compelling evidence that the claims in the message are false. According to the message, there have been thousands of cases of hand damage caused by "mouse radiation". It is simply absurd to suggest that such serious and widespread health risks would have been totally ignored by the media, consumer groups, and governments. If there were really thousands of substantiated cases, there would certainly be official, and well-publicized, health warnings about the use of optical mice, not to mention the almost inevitable legal actions against the companies that manufacture them. In fact, if the potential health risks were really so great, the devices would have likely been withdrawn from sale completely.
And, for the record, there is no information on the World Health Organization (WHO) website about the strength or danger of optical mouse radiation, nor is there any reports that Greenpeace and CNN have stopped using the devices.
In short, this warning is no more than a ridiculous piece of scare-mongering nonsense. Forwarding it will help nobody and will serve only to spread misinformation.
How do optical mice work?
How Light Emitting Diodes Work
Light at the End of the Tunnel
Blue LEDs: A health hazard?
Does the LED light from an ordinary optical mouse pose a health hazard?
Last updated: 23rd July 2007
First published: 23rd July 2007
Write-up by Brett M. Christensen
Use Left Ear For Mobile Phone Hoax
Cold Water Causes Cancer Warning Message
Cell Phone Charging Danger Warning Email


text:
The current trends in machine and plant engineering include increasing levels of performance density. Machines need to fit into the smallest space possible, and users want increased performance and productivity. One such product is the SLB 240/440, which has been launched by the Schmersal Group. It is regarded as the smallest range of safety light barriers in the world with built-in evaluation. The product has also received the GIT Security Award, 2018.
The development of optoelectronics
Three trends, in particular, have been observed to have given rise to optoelectronics. In assembly and handling technology, close cooperation between humans and machines is a central trend. Human-robot cooperation is well beyond the prototype stage and is now being used in practice. In machine safety, functions, which were originally taken over by hardware components, are shifting to software and traditional disconnecting safety equipment while electromechanical safety switches are increasingly being replaced by contactless optoelectronic safety equipment. Optoelectronics has several benefits, which have also contributed to its development. The operator has a clear view of the working area and no safety doors are required. The safety equipment is significantly more flexible, thanks to functions, such as, muting and blanking due to which it can distinguish between people and materials.
The SLB 240/440 is a response to each of these trends. The new safety light barriers in this range have built-in evaluation and are characterised by their compact dimensions. They fit well into the systems around them and can be fitted quickly and easily even into confined spaces. The SLB 240/440 models with cable connection require a space of 28 x 32 x 72 mm (W x H x L), while the versions with connector sockets are 28 x 32 x 91 mm in size. The product is not only compact but also has a wider range of 15 metres. The third model, the SLB 440-H (dimensions with cable connection WHL 28 x 33 x 111 mm and with connector socket WHL 28 x 33 x 131 mm) can achieve a range of up to 75 metres.
Wide range of applications
The single beam safety light barriers are useful for securing smaller hazard areas. For example, the safety-oriented optoelectronics system provides reliable protection for the operating personnel, as every interruption to the light beam triggers a signal which switches off the potentially hazardous machine movement. At the same time, the working processes are not 'behind closed (safety) doors', but instead are transparent. With these properties, the new safety light barriers have a range of applications, for example, on workstations for assembly and handling, and in the wood, paper and printing industries.
Direct integration into safety circuit
All SLB light barriers have safe semiconductor outputs and can be included into the safety circuit, even without external safety evaluation. The new product range complies with the requirements for all Type 2 or Type 4 applications. The safety light barriers can also be used for process protection.
Simple installation and setup
All versions have a visual set-up guide, which makes commissioning easier. They also have a 4-way coding level, so that if multiple light barriers are used in one application, up to four sensor pairs can be operated in one direction, without influencing one another. Parameterisation does not require tools like, a PC or commissioning system. A simple command device is sufficient. Set-up, automatic and restart modes, parameterisation and a diagnostics mode are also available.
System solution for safety
The new safety light barriers are a system solution, which can be combined with the relevant components of the safety-related control systems. For example, they can be combined with the new safety relay modules in the Protect SRB-E range or the new Protect PSC1 safety controller generation. They can also be integrated into safety-related bus system, such as, AS-i Safety.
Other products in optoelectronics
Depending on the size and complexity of the hazardous area, the user can select between the SLB light barriers, multi-beam SLG light barriers and the light curtains in the SLC product range. Compact models are also available. User-specific special models, for instance, with a special degree of protection (IP69K) or customer-specific variations are available. An example is the safety light curtains, which were developed for a manufacturer of stack cutting machines whose shape matched the outline of the hazard area and the casing.
Shift in safety features
Recent trends in the industry have led to a shift in safety features, with optoelectronics taking a central position. The ease and efficiency of light barriers, along with the wide range and compactness, make them the most suitable option for safety of humans as well as that of machines. Such products can also be customised to suit different specifications and have a wide variety of applications, thus giving it a lot of potential.


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【本期主题】Rainy Day Liquidity
Insurance companies collectively hold nearly one-third of corporate bonds, making it critical to understand their roles in the corporate bond market: liquidity providers or consumers? In this study, we coin a new term "rainy day liquidity providers" for the potential role of insurance companies – with cash flow from core business activities, insurers may provide liquidity to the sell side in times of market stress. Our empirical findings present strong support to rainy day liquidity provision hypothesis. First, based on widely used bond liquidity measures, we find that, on average, insurer corporate bond purchases improve bond liquidity while it is not the case for insurer bond sales. Second, breaking the sample down into bonds of different rating groups, maturity groups, crisis and non-crisis periods, we show that liquidity provision by insurers is much stronger in stressful conditions. Finally, we present evidence that rainy day liquidity provision effect goes beyond bonds purchased by insurers – the liquidity of bonds with similar characteristics to the purchased (sold) bonds also increases during stressful periods.
【报告人】Tong Yu 教授， University of Cincinnati
Tong Yu is a Professor of Finance in the Lindner School of Business at the University of Cincinnati. His research and teaching have been focused on asset pricing, financial risk management, insurance, and behavior of institutional investors. He published academic journals such as the Journal of Financial Economics, Journal of Accounting Research, Journal of Financial Intermediation, Journal of Banking and Finance, and Journal of Risk and Insurance, and practitioner journals including the Financial Analyst Journal and Journal of Insurance Regulations. Dr. Yu received the Early Career Scholarly Achievement Award from the American Risk and Insurance Association in 2011. Before joining UC, he was a professor of finance at the University of Rhode Island.


text:
School: University of Colorado at Boulder
Course: Introductory Astronomy 1
Professor: Seth hornstein
Term: Fall 2018
Name: ASTR 1010 Study Guide Exam 3
Description: Covers material for the upcoming exam and follows the bulleted study sheet. BUT does NOT include information from Chapter 10.2-10.6 (specific detail on each terrestrial planets' composition).


text:
TOPSHOT - Children play beside a lifeguard tower as sunset approaches at Sunset Beach in Huntington Beach, California on July 21, 2018. Photo: FREDERIC J. BROWN/AFP/Getty Images
July marked California's hottest month on record, with an average temperature of 5°F above the 20th Century average, according to data released Wednesday by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Why it matters: The heat helped dry out vegetation, creating ideal conditions for large, rapidly-spreading wildfires. The largest wildfire on record in California, known as the Mendocino Complex Fire, eclipsed 300,000 acres for the first time in state history.
The details: The state's average monthly temperature of 79.7°F beat the previous record-holder for the state's warmest month by just 0.2°F, which occurred in July 1931.
- At 108.1°F, Death Valley, California, had the hottest average monthly temperature for any recording station in the world.
- The region where both the Mendocino Complex Fire and the deadly Carr Fire have burned also had its warmest month since reliable instrument records began in 1895.
- For example, Redding, California, which was the site of an anomalous, destructive fire tornado had its warmest July on record as well, with an average temperature of 99.6°F.
- A heat wave in early-to-mid July saw numerous all-time heat records fall, including in Los Angeles, where the temperature soared to 111°F.
- In fact, according to NOAA, the U.S. had its warmest May through July period on record, beating the Dust Bowl record from 1934. Numerous states had a top-10 warmest July, but none set a record as California did.
- Studies have shown that climate change increases the odds of heat extremes, and is likely exacerbating the severity and duration of wildfire season across the West.
NOAA connected the dots between the unusually hot weather and perilous wildfire situation in a tweet on Wednesday:


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How reliable is the Polar Fitness Test
Validity of a test means that the test measures what it is supposed to measure and not something else. The Polar Fitness Test was originally developed on 305 healthy Finnish men and women in a study, where VO2max prediction was developed using artificial neural network analysis. The correlation coefficient between the laboratory measured VO2max and the neural network prediction value was 0.97 and the mean error in the VO2max prediction was 6.5 % which is good compared to any other predictive tests of VO2max.
In further development of the test, 119 fitness measurements of healthy American men and women were included in the final development of the neural network, making a total of 424 subjects. Based on these results the artificial neural network was modified into Polar Fitness Test. The test was validated in a study on 52 healthy men, who didn't belong to the group on whom the test was developed. The mean deviation in the Polar Fitness Test prediction was less than 12 %. The validity of the Polar Fitness Test is considered to be good.
The reliability of a test is a measure of how consistent and reproducible the test results are on consecutive trials. The reliability of the Polar Fitness Test is good. When 11 subjects repeated the test in the morning, in the middle of the day and in the evening during eight days, in both sitting and laying positions, the average individual standard deviation of consecutive test results was less than 8 % from the individual mean value. The standard deviations calculated separately for each time of the day were all smaller than the standard deviation of all results. This indicates that the test can be conducted at any time of the day but it should always be repeated at about the same time.


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What Costs the Same as it Did in the 1980s? Just Stamps
Looks like postage stamps are about one of the only things that are literally cheap as they've ever been.
It's always a little crazy to think about how much things used to cost. Every time we hear some hilariously low figure like $50 for a single college credit, our jaws tend to drop a little before someone comes out of the woodwork yelling "but what about inflation?" Because of this, the financial website Kiplinger compiled a list of items that were popular in the 1980's and determined if they would be cheaper or more expensive based on inflation. The results are both shocking and not all that shocking.
Unfortunately, everything on the list, from Big-Mac's to a new home, to a new Rubik's cube, are way more expensive.
Almost unsurprisingly there was only one item on the list that stayed even roughly the same price: the U.S. postage stamp. In 1985, a postage stamp cost 22 cents, when that price is adjusted for inflation it comes out to 52 cents which is actually about what you would pay for a stamp right now.
Still, two items on the list actually got cheaper: milk, eggs, and personal computers. In 1985, milk cost $1.09 ($2.56 after inflation), a dozen eggs were about a dollar ($2.39 after inflation), and Apple's first personal computer cost $2,500 ($6,081 after inflation). Today a dozen eggs only cost about $1.40, milk is $1.96 per a half gallon, and personal computers are so ubiquitous, that one can be bought for $400.
Milk is actually cheaper for a handful of reasons linked to practices like trade liberalization, where countries impose lower tariffs on each other to trade goods, but the most notable reason is simply that milk has a much longer shelf life today than it did in 1985. For example, a company in Brazil extended the shelf life of milk by a week using nanotechnology. Personal computers have just gotten easier to build, so much so that a laptop computer today is 96 percent cheaper than a 1994 model and 1,000 times better.


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Hydrotouring Lunocet now at $299.
An Ocean Adventure… The lunocet will literally change your perception of the ocean. When you put on a lunocet you will experience graceful yet powerful propulsion. Through streamlined undulation of the body activating the precise hydrofoil flukes of the lunocet, you feel as if you have been transformed into a marine mammal. Suddenly, with the ease of gliding through the water, the ocean doesn't seem as big as it used to be. Soon you are spending more time underwater than on the surface. The lunocet can take you places. It can take you great distances underwater with little exertion and maximize your chances of marine life encounters. It will take you over miles of colorful reef, through thousands of schools of fish, and into blue water where you may swim sided by side with a whale or a whale shark.
The lunocet was born of a need for speed… underwater speed. It was born of a need for freedom underwater; to shed the constraints of drag and to augment poor human swimming ability underwater. The lunocet is a device which models the millions of years of evolution in the dolphin tail by replicating the geometry, scale, and morphology dynamics of what is called the lunate tail propulsor (biologist Sir James Lighthill noted the crescent moon shape of caudal fins of fish and flukes of whales hence the term lunate). The lunocet is a biomimetic (mimicking biology) lunate tail propulsor which addresses with fine detail the secrets of efficiency and power of fast swimming dolphins. The result?… The most efficient swim fin ever developed. The lunocet amplifies your experience of the sea by considerably increasing mobility. With far less exertion than conventional monofins and bi-fins, you have the ability to cover literally miles underwater during a new "lunocentric" activity we call Hydrotouring.
Integration of cycling shoes. (not included) The lunocet uses road cycling or triathlon shoes for both power and comfort. The power transfer comes from the rigid soles which allows the shoe to transfer power from the legs and body into the peduncle (the part which transitions the feet to the flukes). All road cycling and triathlon shoes have a standard bolt-hole-pattern which mates with the bolt-hole-pattern on the lunocet. Six stainless steel screws (provided) are used to attach any of these shoes to the lunocet. The shoes may be purchased online or by visiting and getting fitted at your local bike shop. Road and triathlon cycling shoes vary greatly in price from inexpensive brands such as Gavin ($39.95) to more expensive brands such as Sidi ($150 and up). The Sidi brand cycling shoes hold up well in saltwater and last several years as long as the shoe is rinsed with fresh water after each use.
- Pitching mechanism with four speed settings.
- Super efficient cambered flukes.
- Integration with all road or triathlon cycling shoes.
- Robust CNC machined aluminum and rubber construction.
- 6 year warranty.
- 100% Made in the USA
Pitching Mechanism (patent pending).
The lunocet has a spring-loaded pitching mechanism which creates the angle of attack for lift on the foils using the water pressure from swimming for actuation. The rubber spring allows for four different tension settings from flexible for slow super efficient swimming through rigid for sprinting. The tension is set by the placement of the tensioner in one of four locations each of which have the affect of altering the pitch dynamics of the flukes as they respond to the water pressure created when swimming with the lunocet.
Cambered Flukes (patent pending).
The lunocet has cambered flukes which respond to the water pressure created when swimming. The cambered foil is more efficient than the symmetrical foil but the cambered foil creates lift in just one direction. Most hydrofoils are symmetrical due to the requirement to create lift in two directions. The fluke of an undulating lunate tail propulsor is no different. However, the lunocet performs a trick of efficiency by utilizing the water pressure to create an induced camber into the the symmetrical foils. In the static condition, the foils are symmetrical but when the lunocet is undulated in the water it billows the membrane which is supported by the core to produce a cambered more efficient fluke. The camber is dynamic and changes sides with the change of stroke.
Anodized CNC Machined Structure.
The lunocet is constructed of CNC machined anodized aluminum for the core, foot deck and peduncle. The flukes are a composite of rubber compression molded around an aluminum core frame. The hinge pin is 316 stainless steel with a delrin bearing.
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, indicating that fluorotic enamel may intrinsically contain more protein. Finally, particularly when coupled to ATR, FTIR is a suitable tool to study the rat incisor enamel, which is a largely used model of normal and abnormal amelogenesis. Further studies along this line may definitely answer some questions regarding protein content in fluorotic enamel as well as their origin.
 14. Organic and inorganic content of fluorotic rat incisors measured by FTIR spectroscopy.
 PubMed
 Porto, Isabel Maria; Saiani, Regina Aparecida; Chan, K L Andrew; Kazarian, Sergei G; Gerlach, Raquel Fernanda; Bachmann, Luciano
 2010-09-15
 Details on how fluoride interferes in enamel mineralization are still controversial. Therefore, this study aimed at analyzing the organic contents of fluorosis-affected teeth using Fourier Transformation Infrared spectroscopy. To this end, 10 male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: one received 45 ppm fluoride in distilled water for 60 days; the other received distilled water only. Then, the lower incisors were removed and prepared for analysis by two FTIR techniques namely, transmission and micro-ATR. For the first technique, the enamel was powdered, whereas in the second case one fluorotic incisor was cut longitudinally for micro-ATR. Using transmission and powdered samples, FTIR showed a higher C-H content in the fluorotic enamel compared with control enamel (p<0.05, n=4 in the flurotic, and n=5 in the control group). Results from the micro-ATR-FTIR spectroscopic analysis on one longitudinally cut incisor carried out at six points reveal a higher C-H bond content at the surface of the enamel, with values decreasing toward the dentine-enamel junction, and reaching the lowest values at the subsuperficial enamel. These results agree with the morphological data, which indicate that in the rat incisor the fluorotic lesion is superficial, rather than subsuperficial, as in the case of human enamel. The results also suggest that the increased C-H bond content may extend toward the more basal enamel (intraosseous), indicating that fluorotic enamel may intrinsically contain more protein. Finally, particularly when coupled to ATR, FTIR is a suitable tool to study the rat incisor enamel, which is a largely used model of normal and abnormal amelogenesis. Further studies along this line may definitely answer some questions regarding protein content in fluorotic enamel as well as their origin.
 15. Aircraft Measurements of Temperature and Liquid Water Content in Entrainment Interface Layer of Stratocumulus Clouds.
 NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
 Haman, K. E.; Gerber, H.; Kumala, W.; Malinowski, S. P.
 2009-09-01
 Entrainment of dry, warm air from above the cloud and its mixing with the colder cloudy air is an important process in dynamics of inversion topped stratocumulus, leading to formation of a transition layer of complex structure - Entrainment Interface Layer (EIL). It consists of mutual filaments if cloudy and clear air of various thickness at different stages of stirring, mixing and homogenization. Borders between these filaments are often very sharp, with temperature jumps of few kelvins and liquid water content (LWC) jumps of up to 0.5 gmE-3 over distance of few centimeters, which cannot be resolved by means of standard aircraft instrumentation. This layer is an area of various specific dynamic and thermodynamic phenomena; in particular it is a source of downdrafts penetrating the cloud as the so called "cloud holes". Small scale structure of EIL has been investigated in 2001 during DYCOMS II campaign in marine stratocumulus over Eastern Pacific, by means of Ultrafast Aircraft Thermometer (UFT-F) from University of Warsaw and PVM-100A LWC-meter from Gerber Scientific, Inc. Some results of this research has been published in 2007 in Quarterly Journal of RMS. UFT-F has a thermoresistive sensing element protected against impact of cloud droplets and response time constant of order 10E-4s. PVM-100A is an optical instrument and has spatial resolution of order 10 cm. For recording a sampling rate of 1kHz has been typically applied with 10 kHz (for UFT-F only) on selected fragments of flights. Unfortunately, for some technical reasons, these two instruments, installed on the NCAR C-130 aircraft, were separated by about 6 meters what limited possibilities and precision of comparing their indications. There were also some failures during the flights due to which many potentially interesting measurements and observations have been lost. Opportunity to get improved observations of EIL appeared in 2008 at POST (Physics of Stratocumulus Top) Project. During POST a number of
 16. Soil water content and evaporation determined by thermal parameters obtained from ground-based and remote measurements
 NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
 Reginato, R. J.; Idso, S. B.; Jackson, R. D.; Vedder, J. F.; Blanchard, M. B.; Goettelman, R.
 1976-01-01
 Soil water contents from both smooth and rough bare soil were estimated from remotely sensed surface soil and air temperatures. An inverse relationship between two thermal parameters and gravimetric soil water content was found for Avondale loam when its water content was between air-dry and field capacity. These parameters, daily maximum minus minimum surface soil temperature and daily maximum soil minus air temperature, appear to describe the relationship reasonably well. These two parameters also describe relative soil water evaporation (actual/potential). Surface soil temperatures showed good agreement among three measurement techniques: in situ thermocouples, a ground-based infrared radiation thermometer, and the thermal infrared band of an airborne multispectral scanner.
 17. The Measurement of Total Inclusion Content in Nickel-Titanium Alloys
 NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
 Sczerzenie, Frank; Vergani, Giorgio; Belden, Clarence
 2012-12-01
 Inclusion content is important for the properties of high performance alloys used in fatigue rated devices. A method to analyze the total inclusion content of NiTi alloys was applied to vacuum induction melted vacuum arc remelted hot rolled coil and cold drawn wire. Carbides and oxides populations were analyzed separately. Pursuant to ASTM standards, a definition for stringers was formulated and applied to cold drawn wire. It was shown that changes in melting and hot working result in changes in the amount and size of carbides and oxide inclusions. The inclusion size distributions are highly skewed. It is hypothesized that the statistics of extreme values must be applied to these populations in order to predict a maximum inclusion size.
 18. Identification of cytokine-induced modulation of microRNA expression and secretion as measured by a novel microRNA specific qPCR assay
 PubMed Central
 Benes, Vladimir; Collier, Paul; Kordes, Claus; Stolte, Jens; Rausch, Tobias; Muckentaler, Martina U.; Häussinger, Dieter; Castoldi, Mirco
 2015-01-01
 microRNAs are an abundant class of small non-coding RNAs that control gene expression post-transcriptionally. Importantly, microRNA activity participates in the regulation of cellular processes and is a potentially valuable source of biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of human diseases. Here we introduce miQPCR, an innovative method to quantify microRNAs expression by using Real-Time PCR. miQPCR exploits T4 RNA ligase activities to extend uniformly microRNAs' 3′-ends by addition of a linker-adapter. The adapter is then used as 'anchor' to prime cDNA synthesis and throughout qPCR to amplify specifically target amplicons. miQPCR is an open, adaptable and cost-effective procedure, which offers the following advantages; i) universal elongation and reverse transcription of all microRNAs; ii) Tm-adjustment of microRNA-specific primers; iii) high sensitivity and specificity in discriminating among closely related sequences and; iv) suitable for the analysis of cellular and cell-free circulating microRNAs. Analysis of cellular and cell-free circulating microRNAs secreted by rat primary hepatocytes stimulated with cytokines and growth factors identifies for the first time a widespread modulation of both microRNAs expression and secretion. Altogether, our findings suggest that the pleiotropic activity of humoral factors on microRNAs may extensively affect liver function in response to injury and regeneration. PMID:26108880
 19. Information Content-Based Gene Ontology Functional Similarity Measures: Which One to Use for a Given Biological Data Type?
 PubMed Central
 Mazandu, Gaston K.; Mulder, Nicola J.
 2014-01-01
 The current increase in Gene Ontology (GO) annotations of proteins in the existing genome databases and their use in different analyses have fostered the improvement of several biomedical and biological applications. To integrate this functional data into different analyses, several protein functional similarity measures based on GO term information content (IC) have been proposed and evaluated, especially in the context of annotation-based measures. In the case of topology-based measures, each approach was set with a specific functional similarity measure depending on its conception and applications for which it was designed. However, it


Law Degree Types
Bachelor of Criminal Justice
An undergraduate academic degree in the field of criminal justice which introduces students to the its fundamental foundations spanning from crime initiation to systems of punishment.
Bachelor of Arts in Legal Studies
An undergraduate degree which gives gives students the theoretical, historical, social and political foundations to understand law in a democratic society. Students will study topics such as forensic psychology, correctional systems, diversity, conflict resolution, and community corrections while working to understand Supreme Court decisions and recognize the role social movements have played in the judicial system.
Master Of Laws
A postgraduate academic degree, taken by those either having an undergraduate academic law degree, a professional law degree, or an undergraduate degree in a related subject. Programs in this degree are usually only open to those students who have first obtained a degree in law.
Doctor Of Juridical Science
A research doctorate in law primarily aimed at educating professors, legal scientists, and other scholars in law. It usually requires three to five years to complete, and requires an advanced study in law as a scientific discipline and a dissertation, which serves as an original contribution to the scholarly field of law.


CSAM Keyword Hub
In partnership with the Technology Coalition, Thorn has developed an API containing child sexual abuse material (CSAM) terms and phrases in multiple languages to improve your content moderation process.
Get Access
1 What can I do with the CSAM Keyword Hub?
Technology companies with a chat function who are seeking to protect children from online predation on their platforms can apply for cost-free use of the technique. Law enforcement and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are also eligible to apply.
2 How should the CSAM Keyword Hub be used?
Instead of using the Keyword Hub for strictly blocking specific keywords that match the list, the strong preference is to use the list to kickstart the training of machine learning models. By doing so, we hope companies can proactively detect and remove CSAM.
3 What kind of terms can be added?
Terms must be relevant to the detection and elimination of online materials that involve sex trafficking, exploitation, or the endangerment of children. They should be able to help identify, prevent, or remove this online material. Terms may include the identifier of a known child abuse image or video (for example a filename, MD5 hash, or street name). PII included in CSAI terms (such as a series name) is allowed, but PII that includes user account information is not allowed. Once terms are added, they are intended to remain even if a company decides to no longer participate.
4 Who can participate?
This technology is available to approved Internet service companies and NGOs that have a core mission of combatting CSAM.
CSAM Keyword Hub
Apply Now
Anyone interested in accessing the CSAM Keyword Hub must complete the application on this page, share their intent of use, and agree to the terms and conditions.


Bonsai Basics: LIGHT
Light is the third leg of the triumvirate that keeps every bonsai tree and actually every plant, alive - along with water and oxygen. Sunlight for Bonsai
Every plant needs light. Some need more than others and how much depends on how - and where - that particular tree grows naturally. Bonsai that naturally thrive in full sun like mini jades, bougainvillea and many other flowering bonsai, need more light than more shade tolerant varieties like ficus and schefflera.
Variegated leaves and leaves with a fuzzy or waxy coating are often indicators of a need for more light than others of their kind. So a variegated Serissa is happy with more light than its solid green sibling.
Most bonsai that are grown indoors require as much light as you can give them, without keeping them so close to a southern or western window that they will burn if you don't keep an eye on them. That happens because the window will act as a magnifying glass, greatly intensifying the light. Plants are most vulnerable to this burn when you first move them to a window position or even as the seasons change. As the sun climbs higher in the sky the light becomes stronger, so come March and April watch your trees for signs of yellowed, burnt looking or dried out leaves.
You can also look for signs that there isn't enough light. The most obvious and first to show will be "leggy growth", which means that there is too much space on the stems between the sets of leaves. Your tree will look like it's reaching for the sun and if the growth is not only leggy but also noticeably stretching in one direction and that direction happens to be towards the window, it is not getting enough light but you also need to turn it around regularly to evenly distribute the light it receives.
First, please understand, there is really no such thing as an indoor bonsai or indoor plants. Every plant, every bonsai, is naturally supposed to grow outside. An Indoor bonsai is usually a tree that will not survive our colder winters but will tolerate the lowered light and drier air inside our homes over the winter.
As the weather warms up, moving your trees outside is about the best thing you can do for their long term health and the easiest way for you to burn them. Trust me on this one, I've burnt quite a few myself.
When you first put your plants outside - put them in the shade. Don't let any direct light hit them for a few days. Then let them get about 30 minutes of (preferably) early morning sun - for about a week. Watch the leaves for any signs of burning. After about a week you can give them more morning sun until they take full morning sun, maybe even midday depending on the tree.
A few will take mid-afternoon and early evening sun in the summer, but it really isn't necessary.
They will need more water once you bring them outside and at summer's end, well before any signs of frost, move them back into full shade to mitigate the shock of coming back inside.
Most bonsai will benefit from artificial grow lights. Here's a good article about choosing indoor lighting:


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Background: Grooving evidence suggests that patients could have Direct Access (DA) to physiotherapy. It represents a new model of care, which might lead to improve patients' health status and decrease cost services for healthcare compared with a secondary care referral pathway. The aim of this study is to explore the evidence regarding feasibility, effectiveness, costs, safety and patient satisfaction through DA compared to other organizational models.
Methods: A systematic review was carried out through MEDLINE, CINAHL, and EMBASE databases from their inceptions until March 2018 using keywords related with DA. All articles in English, Italian or Polish comparing the modality of DA with any other organizational modality were included. Two reviewers independently selected eligible studies, extracted the data, and assessed methodological quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies.
Results: 1593 articles were initially identified, and thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The mean NOS score for study quality was 6.4 ± 1.4 out of a possible total score of nine points. Patients impairments and health care status, were similar through all studies. DA showed less number of physiotherapy treatments, visits to physician, imaging performed and required fewer non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and secondary care. Patients were more satisfied with the service in comparison to the group referred by the physician. and costs per subject were lower. DA patients were younger, with a higher level of education; mostly, they presented a less severe clinical condition and a more acute pathologies related to the spine. No harms were reported. Only one study assessed the clinical safety of the DA.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that DA to physiotherapy is feasible considering the clinical and economic point of view. However, more research is still needed due to the low evidence of the reviewed studies and to explore the clinical safety of DA.
Keywords: Physical Therapy Modalities; Primary Health Care; Referral and Consultation.


(in other words the set of points where $T$ or $T^{-1}$ is not smooth) form one-codimensional submanifolds of the phase space. Let us denote $$ \Delta_n:= \cup_{-n \le k 0\ & \text {\ and\ } \inf \{n\in H:\ T^nx\in \tilde B\}=-\infty \\ & \text {\ and\ } \sup \{n\in H:\ T^nx\in \tilde B\}=\infty \}. \endaligned $$ Here $\rho^{u,s}(x)$ denotes the inner radius of the local unstable (stable) invariant manifold $\g^u(x)$\ ($\g^s(x)$) through $x$. By (ii) and Lemma 2.1 (this presupposes (i)) we have $\mu\{D\}=1$. 3. Since, by (ii), non-zigzag points make a slim subset, by Lindel\"of's theorem, it is sufficient to check that every zigzag point $z$ has a neighbourhood $U=U(z)$ such that $A_H(B)\cap U$ is slim. This is what we do. Fix thus $z$ and its neighbourhood according to Definition 5.1 in such a way that $\text {diam}\ U < r/2.$ To $A=U\setminus D$ select $\tilde A\supset A$ according to the same definition. We claim that every pair of points: $y, y' \in U\setminus \tilde A$ can be connected by a curve belonging to $U\setminus A_H(B)$. Since $A_H(B)$ is closed, both $y$ and $y'$ have neighbourhoods in $U$ disjoint of $\ahb$. Also, since $U\setminus \tilde A$ is dense in $U$, we can choose $\tilde y$ and $\tilde y'\ (\in U\setminus \tilde A)$ in these neighbourhoods and connect $y$ with $\tilde y$ and analogously $y'$ with $\tilde y'$ inside these tiny neighbourhoods not intersecting $\ahb$. Connect now $\tilde y$ and $\tilde y'$ with a Hopf-chain ensured by Definition 5.1. Since $\text {diam}\ U < r/2$, we know that the outer diameters of all local manifolds figuring in the chain are $< r/2$. Observe that the property that the intersection points $w$ belong to $U\setminus \tilde A$ ensures that they belong to $D$. This implies that for infinitely many $n\in H \cap \bz_+$\ one has $T^nw\in \tilde B$. Then for $n$ large enough, $T^n\g^s(w)\subset B$ holds, too, implying that $\g^s(w)\cap \ahb=\emptyset$. Analogously, for the unstable local manifolds figuring in the chain we have $\g^u(w)\cap \ahb=\emptyset$ and thus the desired connection between $\tilde y$ and $\tilde y'$ is, indeed, constructed. \qed \enddemo \noindent {\bf Remark.} Compare Theorem 5.2 with the Corollary of the Smale-Williams Theorem 4.1. Instead of requiring the density of periodic points we have a smooth, invariant and mixing measure. Furthermore, we also permit singular systems, and our assumption on $H$ is much weaker, for it can even have zero density. An immediate consequence is the following \proclaim {Corollary} Assume that $(\bom, \Cal F, S^\br, \mu)$ is a group of automorphisms satisfying the conditions of Theorem 5.2 suitably modified to the continuous time case (in particular, $H \subset \br$, and otherwise satisfies the same assumtions). Then $A_H(B)$ is a closed zero-set of codimension at least two. \endproclaim \bigskip By copying this proof one can give a simple generalization of Theorem 5.2, which will be applied in section 6. Namely, let $B_-, B_+ \ (\subset \bom)$, and define $$ A_H(B_-, B_+):= \{x\in \bom:\ S^{H_-}x\cap B_-= S^{H_+}x\cap B_+ =\emptyset\} $$ where $H_- := H \cap \br_-$ and $H_+ := H \cap \br_+$ \proclaim {Theorem 5.4} Assume that beside (i), (ii) and (iv) of Theorem 5.2, the following condition is satisfied (iii)$^*$ $B_-\neq \emptyset$ and $B_+\neq \emptyset \ (\subset \bom)$ are open; Then $A_H({B_-, B_+})$ is a closed zero-set of codimension at least two. \endproclaim \demo {Proof} The same as that of Theorem 5.2 with the natural modification that now we select $\tilde B_-\subset B_-$ and $\tilde B_+\subset B_+$ in such a way that $d(\tilde B_-, B_-) \ge r/2$ and $d(\tilde B_+, B_+) \ge r/2$, and define $$ \aligned D:= \{x\in \bom:\ \rho^{u,s}(x)>0\ & \text {and} \inf \{n\in H:\ T^nx\in \tilde B_-\}=-\infty \\ & \text {and} \sup \{n\in H:\ T^nx\in \tilde B_+\}=\infty \}. \endaligned $$ \qed \enddemo \bigskip \bigskip \heading {\bf II. Ball-Avoiding Theorems and Hyperbolic Properties} \endheading \bigskip \bigskip \heading 6. Hyperbolic and Ergodic Properties of Hard-Ball Systems \endheading \bigskip \bigskip \heading Isomorphy to semi-dispersive billiards \endheading The main aim of this section to provide a motivation and explanation how ball-avoiding theorems enter in proofs of hyperbolicity and ergodicity of hard-ball systems, or more generally, of \sdbs. Consequently, in our exposition the details are surrendered to this goal. Let us assume, in general, that a system of $N(\geq 2)$ balls of unit mass and of radii $r>0$ are given on ${\t}^\nu$, the $\nu$-dimensional unit torus $(\nu\geq 2)$. (The assumption that the masses and the radii are identical is not an essential restriction for our purposes.) Denote the phase point of the $i$'th ball by $(q_i,v_i)\in {\t}^\nu\times{\br}^\nu$. The configuration space $\tilde {\q}$ of the $N$ balls is a subset of ${\t}^{N\cdot\nu}$: from ${\t}^{N\cdot\nu}$ we cut out $\left({N\atop 2}\right)$ cylindric scatterers $$ \tilde C_{i,j} =\left\{ Q=(q_1,\dots,q_N)\in {\t}^{N\cdot\nu}:\Vert q_i-q_j\Vert <2r\right\}, \tag 6.1 $$ \noindent $1\leq i0$ such that $\Sigma(S^{(0, t)}x)=\Sigma$ and, moreover, $S^{t+\br_+}x$ is partitioned by $P^+$. Encouraged by the success of the previous argument, one is inclined to hope that the method of pasting also permits to settle \proclaim {Conjecture 8.4} For any $N \ge 3, \nu \ge 2$, for an arbitrary \scs $\Sigma$ and for any pair $P^-, P^+$ of non-trivial two-class partitions, $F(P^-, \Sigma, P^+)$ is a closed zero-set of codimension two. \endproclaim \subheading {Remark 8.5.a} The statement of Conjecture 8.4 immediately implies that for any fixed $C$, $\Pi_C$ is a slim subset (for the definition of $\Pi_C$ see (6.11)), which is exactly assumption (2) of Theorem 6.17. Though I strongly believe that the conjecture is true, nevertheless, the method of pasting in its present form is not strong enough to prove Conjecture 8.4. The reason is, roughly speaking, that one still can consider the unstable manifolds for the subdynamics restricted to the classes of $P^-$ in the time interval $(-\infty, 0]$ and the stable manifolds for the subdynamics restricted to the classes of $P^+$ in the time interval $[t, \infty)$. It is,


text:
by Rick Copeland and Bernie Hackett
This intermediate-level class will teach you techniques using the popular NoSQL database MongoDB, its driver PyMongo, and the object-document mapper Ming to write maintainable, high-performance, and scalable applications. We will cover everything you need to become an effective Ming/MongoDB developer from basic PyMongo queries to high-level object-document mapping setups in Ming.
The class will begin with a brief overview of MongoDB and its Python driver PyMongo. We will cover basic operations using PyMongo, including data manipulation, querying, and GridFS. Students will install MongoDB and PyMongo as part of this section.
We will then describe the design philosophy and setup of Ming, a SQLAlchemy-inspired object-document mapper (ODM) for MongoDB developed at SourceForge.
Next we will cover the base-level implementation of Ming, including schema design, the session and datastore, lazy migrations, data polymorphism, and GridFS support. We will also cover effective MongoDB index design, querying, and updating techniques, and how to use these with Ming. Students will install Ming as a part of this section, and have exercises covering schema design, lazy migrations, and GridFS.
The final segment will cover the object-document mapper portion of Ming. We will cover the unit of work design pattern, object relations, ODM-level polymorphism, and how to drop down to the base layer (or even down to pymongo) when you really need to. This section will include exercises in designing your ODM model and effectively using the unit-of-work session.
This talk targets Python 2.6-2.7 and MongoDB 2.0. Students should have Python 2.6 or 2.7 installed on their machines prior to the class and should be comfortable using virtualenv and pip or easy_install to install packages.
7th–15th March 2012


text:
Falmouth Facts and Figures for 2016
Again our A*-C pass rates in English and Maths are more than 10% higher than the National Averages. 73% of Falmouth School students attained a C or higher in English and Maths compared to the National Average of 58.7%.
Achievement in the 'best 8' progress measure is significantly above national averages at 0.3, and one of the highest in Cornwall.
Our 'Attainment 8' score of 54.8 is also much higher than the National Average of 49.
Progress in the Core subjects of English, Maths and Science is also significantly above National Averages. 25% of the Year 11 students achieved the English Baccalaureate compared to the Cornwall average of 18%.
Our 5A*-C including English and Maths again puts us as one of the top Cornish Schools.
Falmouth College Facts and Figures
Over 70% of grades achieved by Falmouth Sixth Form students were at A*, A, B and C grades at A2 level and 50% of the grades awarded are A* A B.
Falmouth Sixth Form achieved 100% pass rate in vocational courses.
Outstanding achievers at A level included: Poppy Faithful A*AAA (Royal Holloway - Politics and International Relations), Gareth Willetts A*AAAA (Exeter - Mathematical Sciences) Georgia Christophers A*AB (Cardiff - Physiotherapy), Charlotte Reburn A*AAA (Exeter - Medical Science), Charlotte Emsden AAA (Exeter - Medicine), Esther Martin AAB (Leeds - English Literature and Theatre Studies), Alex Pinhay ABB (Plymouth - Midwifery).
Did you know?
- 84% of students achieved A* - C in Science.
- 100% of students achieved A* - C in Triple Science.
- A* - C grades at Falmouth School have risen sharply even though nationally, grades were lower.
- 73% of students achieved 5A* - C including English and Maths – our highest percentage ever!
- 83% of students gained an A* - C grade in English – our best results ever.
- 80% of students gained an A* - C grade in Maths – our best results ever.
- All Falmouth School students made more than expected progress using government measures.
- 10 Students gained 10 or more A* or A GCSE grades.
- Falmouth College students go on to top universities including Exeter, Cardiff, Leeds.
- 78% of all Falmouth College grades were A* - C.
- Falmouth College students gained a combined number of 65 A*, A or distinction grades.
- Every student studying BTEC Medical Science at Falmouth College achieved a distinction – the equivalent of an A grade.
- Falmouth School results are (in the top 3 in Cornwall) significantly above the National average.
School Performance Tables


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I have a box with known bounding coordinates (latitudes and longitudes): latN, latS, lonW, lonE.
I have a mystery point P with unknown coordinates. The only data available is the distance from P to any point p. dist(p,P).'
I need a function that tells me whether this point is inside or outside the box.
share|improve this question

So you have no knowledge of the coordinates of $P$, but you always have the distance to $P$ available? – rschwieb Sep 11 '12 at 12:35

Ah, I think I now understand. You know the bounding latitudes and longitudes of a box. You have some mystery point $P$, that might be inside or outside the box, and you want to determine which. The only other data you have is the distance of $P$ from any point $p$. Is this right? – Matt Pressland Sep 11 '12 at 12:37

Yes that's it. It's a magic point! – Jordi Planadecursach Sep 11 '12 at 14:16
1
Is this supposed to be on a sphere, or on a flat plane? If on a sphere what is the definition of dist? – Maesumi Oct 9 '12 at 10:32

Its is just a flat plane – Jordi Planadecursach Oct 9 '12 at 10:50
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7 Answers
up vote 2 down vote accepted
+50
Once we know the coordinates of P then the problem revers to a well known answer. To get the coordinates of $P=(x, y)$ we take three measurements. I have moved the coordinate system onto one corner and named the objects accordingly, with $a$ the horizontal side and $b$ the vertical side. In addition, we are going to find the coordinates of P in polar notation, with the distance $r$ and angle $\theta$.
Figure
Measuring $\vec{AP}$ we get the distance $r$. Measuring $\vec{BP}$ gives us the cosine and measuring $\vec{DP}$ gives us the sine, by means of the law of cosines.
$$ \cos\theta = \frac{r^2+a^2-d_{BP}^2}{2 a r} $$ $$ \sin\theta = \frac{r^2+b^2-d_{DP}^2}{2 b r} $$
So the location of P is
$$ x = r \cos\theta = d_{AP} \frac{r^2+a^2-d_{BP}^2}{2 a r} $$ $$ y = r \sin\theta = d_{AP} \frac{r^2+b^2-d_{DP}^2}{2 b r} $$
The point is inside if $x>=0$ and $x<=a$ and $y>=0$ and $y<=b$.
I have checked this with the above C# code
static void Main(string[] args)
{
 double a=2;
 double b=1;
 Point A=new Point(0, 0);
 Point B=new Point(a, 0);
 Point D=new Point(0, b);
 for(double x=-5; x<=5; x+=0.5)
 {
 for(double y=-5; y<=5; y+=0.5)
 {
 Point P=new Point(x, y);
 double d_AP=A.DistanceTo(P);
 double d_BP=B.DistanceTo(P);
 double d_DP=D.DistanceTo(P);
 double r=d_AP;
 double cos=(a*a+r*r-d_BP*d_BP)/(2*a*r);
 double sin=(b*b+r*r-d_DP*d_DP)/(2*b*r);
 double x_P=r*cos;
 double y_P=r*sin;
 P.inside=(x_P>=0&&x_P<=a)&&(y_P>=0&&y_P<=b);
 Point Q=new Point(x_P, y_P);
 if(P.DistanceTo(Q)>1e-6)
 {
 Console.WriteLine("({0},{1}) - ({2},{3})", x, y, x_P, y_P);
 }
 }
 }
}
public struct Point
{
 double x, y; //private, not visible
 public bool inside;
 public Point(double x, double y)
 {
 this.x=x;
 this.y=y;
 this.inside=false;
 }
 public double DistanceTo(Point p)
 {
 return Math.Sqrt((p.x-x)*(p.x-x)+(p.y-y)*(p.y-y));
 }
}
and it all checks out ok. No need to check for signs and quadrants. It all works out cleanly.
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There's a geometric way to do it, too.
Draw a rectangle and a point inside it. You can make four oriented triangles by connecting the point to the diagonals, and then uniformly drawing arrows on the edges so that they all "flow clockwise" or "flow counterclockwise".
Now if you imagine dragging the point over an edge, you'll see that three of the triangles retain their orientation, but the one whose edge has been crossed will flip orientation. If you go over a corner instead, two of the four triangles will flip orientation.
So, by uniformly representing these four triangles with vectors, you just have to check their cross products to see if they are all the same sign. If two disagree with the other two, you know the point lies on a diagonal outside. If one disagrees with the rest, it lies outside of one of the edges. If they all agree, the point is inside.
Here's the setup. Suppose you are given $(a_1,a_2),(b_1,b_2),(c_1,c_2),(d_1,d_2)$ as the corners of the rectangle (in cyclic order, say, clockwise), and $(e_1,e_2)$ is the point.
One triangle will have vector edges (in this order) $(a_1,a_2)-(e_1,e_2)$ and $(b_1,b_2)-(a_1,a_2)$. The other three will be: $(b_1,b_2)-(e_1,e_2)$ and $(c_1,c_2)-(b_1,b_2)$ $(c_1,c_2)-(e_1,e_2)$ and $(d_1,d_2)-(c_1,c_2)$ $(d_1,d_2)-(e_1,e_2)$ and $(a_1,a_2)-(d_1,d_2)$
They've all been set up so that if the point is inside, then taking the cross product of the first vector with the second in any of these four pairs, they will all have the same sign (all positive or all negative).
Given any four points in cyclic order like this, you can fill out the four equations and check all their cross products.
share|improve this answer

I realize it seems like a complex setup, but if you are given say 1000 rectangles, and you want to know if a given point is inside or outside of each of them, then a program does this pretty efficiently. Sorry if it doesn't fit your tools at hand: it's hard to match our answers to your resources, sometimes. – rschwieb Sep 10 '12 at 15:45

having e1,e2 is as easy as latS<e2<latN & lonW<e1<lonE, no need for cross product, am I missing anything? – Jordi Planadecursach Sep 10 '12 at 19:51

@JordiPlanadecursach I might agree, but the author mentions something about "lat" and "lon" not being available. Since I only have a vague notion of what both of you are thinking of, I just avoided it altogether. – rschwieb Sep 10 '12 at 20:13

I really like this, but my understanding is that we don't have $(e_1,e_2)$. We have some reference point $P$ that we do know the coordinates of, and we know the distance from $p=(e_1,e_2)$ to $


Introduction
Dasher is an information-efficient text-entry interface, driven by natural continuous pointing gestures. Dasher is a competitive text-entry system wherever a full-size keyboard cannot be used - for example on a palmtop or wearable computer, or when operating a computer one-handed (by joystick, touchscreen or mouse) or zero-handed (i.e. by head-mouse or eyetracker). This document describes version 4.2.0 of Dasher.
Dasher can be started by selecting Dasher from the Accessibility submenu of the Main Menu, or by running the command dasher on the command line.


What's the main difference between py2 vs py3?
 - From a beginner point of view what is the main changes in our Drawbot code when using Python 2 and Python 3?
 - admin
 For beginners there is not such a big difference:
 All strings are unicode string, so no converting back and forth, but this is actually the best thing!!
 print('hello world') requires brackets ( and )
 Divisions are always floats so no more rounding, this is also a good thing: 1/3-> 0.333333 instead of 0
 You keep the old behaviour with 1//3
 If you dive deeper:
 dict.keys(), dict.values(), dict.items() are not a lists anymore
 Looping (a for loop or a while loop) over a dictionary and changing content of that dictionary is tricky:
 for key in list(myDict.keys()):
 myDict[key] = "changed" + myDict[key]
 There is of course more
 - Thanks! I'll look more into it.
 - I noticed today iterate a dict works also different.
 While translating scripts from py2 to py3 this was a thing...
 If the keys are integers in py2 they will be sorted.
 In py3 the will stay in order as appended to dict.
 print {1:"A",0:"B"}
 > {0: 'B', 1: 'A'}
 > {1: 'A', 0: 'B'}
 (also it seems print() is not coloured in snippet)
 - _USER_ It's actually not generally true that keys get sorted in Py2. The order of a dict is in implementation detail that you should not rely on. If you need sorted keys: get sorted keys!
 d = {1:"A",0:"B"}
 > dict_keys([1, 0])
 > [0, 1]
 (Indeed print() not getting colorized may be a bug in the syntax colorizer. Or it's not yet fully Py 3 compatible.)
 - admin
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text:
Dr. Jan Thoemel is a Research Scientist and Head of the CubeSat Laboratory at SnT. Prior to joining the University of Luxembourg, he worked at the European Space Agency, the Royal Institute for Space Aeronomy, GomSpace and the von Karman Institute (VKI). At the latter, he taught for the Infrared Measurement Laboratory and the Propulsion Technology courses.
Thoemel received his Dipl.-Ing. degree from the Technical University of Berlin and his M.S. from the VKI. He earned his Ph.D. at the RWTH Aachen/VKI for researching the physics of gas surface interaction. He serves as an Associate Editor at the CEAS Space Journal and is a radio amateur.
Thoemel led several small and large space projects, among others, the QB50 CubeSat constellation mission where he discovered his interest in miniaturised satellites.
His research interests lie at the intersection of surface physics and system engineering. He investigates how aerodynamic and solar radiation forces can be used for orbital control to serve highly efficient remote sensing missions.


text:
Emilie and the Hollow World
Strange Chemistry, an imprint of Angry Robot Books
Format: Large Paperback
Format: Medium Paperback
Format: Epub & Mobi
R.R.P.: £5.49 / $6.99
Once upon a time there was a form of popular fiction in which a band of intrepid explorers ventured into new and uncharted lands. Often their adventures were of a somewhat fantastic nature, involving lost worlds and forgotten civilizations, the Professor Challenger novels by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle being a prime example of this type of fiction. Since much of it was written during Victorian times, the subgenre tends to have a Victorian and/or British Empire feel to it. For whatever reasons, the arbiters of taste and sophistication considered these adventures to be essentially for boys.
This subgenre has fallen from the heights of popularity it once enjoyed. The reasons for this are beyond the scope of this review. What is within the scope of the review is that Martha Wells has come along, dusted off the subgenre, given it a heroine to broaden its appeal beyond just boys, and shown us all how it's done. Continue reading


text:
Several users of Apple music have had problems while trying to play certain songs on their music playlist. They have reported an error message informing them that the song they are trying to play is not offered in their region or country. Furthermore, the songs with these warning s grayed out to distinguish them from the others. If you have been experiencing this problem, this article gives you a guide into how you can solve the problem.
Update the Music Playlist
One of the reasons why you are experiencing this problem is because of the changes that have been made on the older playlist. This is especially if the problem is encountered in older music. In this instance, the older playlists will not work. Hence you are bound to get the error. To solve this, you are required to delete the content of the old playlist. To delete individual items on the list, long-press the item that you want to delete and select the remove option. To update the list, just add the new version of the music, and you will be good to go.
In some instances, some songs may be permanently or partially unavailable. This is because music availability keeps on changing. This is subject to the decisions that the company makes regarding certain distributors or artists. For example, contracts offered to individual distribution firms may fail to be renewed. This may affect the available songs in the playlist in that, the record company, distributor companies, or even artists may withdraw the music that was once available.
Sign out and in your iTunes Account
You can solve the problem on your iOS device by first navigating to settings. In the settings option, navigate to the iTunes and APP store and then select your Apple ID option. In this option, you are required first to log out and then log in again with your ID credentials.
Reset the iTunes Warning
This problem can also be solved by resetting the warning on your iTunes. To do this, you are first required to have a computer and a working USB cable. Connect the USB cable to your phone on one side, and the computer on the other end. On your computer, select the iTunes option and open it. When it opens, following the following steps carefully.
- First click on the option labeled iTunes.
- Navigate to the preferences option and click on it.
- Go to the advanced tab and select it.
- Navigate to the reset warnings and click on it.
- Click on the OK button.
Sync your Computer and iOS Device
You can also synchronize your computer and iOS device by following these steps
Make sure that you have a USB cable. Using the USB cable, connect your computer with your iPad or iPhone.
- On the upper left corner of your iTunes, your device icon will be displayed.
- On the iTunes' window on the left side, navigate to the settings option, and click on music.
- This displays a checkbox that labeled sync music. Make sure to select this option.
- Click on the option labeled sync.
If your iOS device displays a message informing you that the song that you want to play is not offered in your region or country, you have no reason to worry. Follow any one of the steps explained in this article, and you will effectively solve the problem. If one method fails, you can try the next, and one of these methods will help solve the problem.


text:
Oral Session 7 | Wednesday, October 5, 11:20–11:40 | Abstract 486
Depolarization by randomly oriented irregular shaped amorphous particles
Estimating the source and amount of underwater depolarization by scattering particulates is becoming more important as various instruments with polarization measurement capabilities are being fielded. The most important source of depolarization for instruments measuring scattering in the near-forward direction is due particles containing birefringent materials such as calcite. There is however a smaller shape induced depolarization in particles made of amorphous materials which is notoriously difficult to estimate. We have developed a simple model that computes the depolarization induced by ensembles of randomly oriented irregular shaped particles. The model estimates the polarized phase function by treating the effect of the particles as identical to the transmission through two surfaces with randomly angularly distributed flat elements. The polarized phase function of the first surface is convolved with the identical phase function for the second surface to obtain the overall polarized phase function of the particle. Formulas are given for both the scattering coefficient and polarized phase functions. The amount of depolarization is compared with that induced by birefringent calcite particles of the same shape.
Georges Fournier, DRDC Valcartier Research Center
Griet Neukermans, Ghent University
Qiming Sun, Ghent University


text:
Unlike human royalty, a species of octopus that thrives in frigid Antarctic waters has actual blue blood, and scientists think they've figured out its advantage: The key is a blue-hued protein called hemocyanin—which Phys.org notes is comparable to hemoglobin in vertebrates, and which distributes oxygen throughout the body—that makes it not only a literal blue-blooded creature but also uniquely equipped to survive extreme temps on both ends of the spectrum, according to the journal Frontiers in Zoology. Researchers found hemocyanin is efficient in a range of temperatures and, as one puts its, undergoes "functional changes to improve the supply of oxygen to tissue at sub-zero temperatures."
Studying three octopus species, including two from warmer climates for comparison, the researchers found that all pump hemolymph, a blood-like fluid that contains high levels of hemocyanin, reports Discovery. The octopus in Antarctica, however, has as much as 40% more hemocyanin than the other two species, which puts it among the highest ever reported. And because it transports oxygen between the animal's gills and tissue even more efficiently when temps are above freezing, it's able to tolerate warmer temps associated with climate change far better than other animals in the area, not to mention hang out in relatively warmer shallow waters, unlike most octopuses. (The octopus also boasts the longest-known brooding period of any animal on the planet.)


text:
This booklet was created to help parents and educators, two groups who care deeply about children and support children during this potentially stressful time. It includes ways that parents and educators can work together to ensure the education process stays on track during a deployment.
The deployment cycle is best thought of as three separate phases: (1) pre-deployment, (2) deployment, and (3) reunion. Each phase has unique issues and requires different strategies. The information provided in the booklet is grouped into three sections to parallel this structure. Special suggestions for parents and educators are provided to help both groups anticipate the specific needs of children in that phase of the cycle and to provide necessary support.


text:
Monitoring conformational dynamics of a single molecule by selective fluorescence spectroscopy.
Eggeling C., Fries JR., Brand L., Günther R., Seidel CA.
A recently developed, real-time spectroscopic technique, burst-integrated fluorescence lifetime (BIFL), is shown to be well suited for monitoring the individual molecular conformational dynamics of a single molecule diffusing through the microscopic, open measurement volume (approximately 10 fl) of a confocal epi-illuminated set-up. In a highly diluted aqueous solution of 20-mer oligonucleotide strand of DNA duplex labeled with the environment-sensitive fluorescent dye tetramethylrhodamine (TMR), fluorescence bursts indicating traces of individual molecules are registered and further subjected to selective burst analysis. The two-dimensional BIFL data allow the identification and detection of different temporally resolved conformational states. A complementary autocorrelation analysis was performed on the time-dependent fluctuations in fluorescence lifetime and intensity. The consistent results strongly support the hypothesized three-state model of the conformational dynamics of the TMR-DNA duplex with a polar, a nonpolar, and a quenching environment of TMR.