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Using the bucket object
The bucket object implements a bucket brigade device (in the electronics world, this is sometimes referred to as a discrete time-analogue delay line). As the examples below suggest, it's useful for single-sample delay lines, calculating averages, computing velocity and acceleration, and permutating lists by rotating them.
bucket Tutorials
In the Max tutorial on abstractions, you can find a classic example of why the bucket object is so useful - this Max tutorial demonstrates its use as a single sample delay for number values useful for constructing drawing commands.
bucket Tips and Workarounds
Velocity and Acceleration
Lots of people use the bucket object for shifting data in series, it's computationally useful for calculating first and second derivatives for streams of data. The terms "first and second derivative" are math-speak for keeping track of:
 - the rate that things are changing (that's what velocity (the first derivative) is - the rate of change in a value over time.
 - the rate of the rate that things are changing - that's what acceleration (the second derivative) is.
Here's a patch that does that:
-- Pasted Max Patch, click to expand. --
Running Averages
I also tend to use the object quite a bit in situations where I desire a running average over some finite set of events (if you want a running average for an stream or unspecified set of values, you'd use the mean object). Here's an example that calculates the average of the last 8 floating point input values:
-- Pasted Max Patch, click to expand. --
A Bucket for Symbols
The bucket object is a little unusual in that you don't need to worry about using arguments to the object in order to have it work with floating point values. In fact, bucket is so useful that people often ask whether or not there's a Max object that is similar but will work with symbols or lists. While there isn't a specific object, here's a Max patch that does exactly that (and it also helpfully outputs stuff in standard right-to-left order, too):
-- Pasted Max Patch, click to expand. --
Arbitrary List Rotation
One way to think of the bucket object is a as an object that adds new input values and rotates the list by one position. While you can rotate a list forward or backward using the r2l and l2r messages to the bucket object, performing arbitrary list rotations can be done using the zl object and specifying the rot option:
-- Pasted Max Patch, click to expand. --
Third-Party Max externals similar to the bucket object
Maxobjects.com listing for the bucket object
The zl object (in its zl rot form). Useful for performing rotations of lists where the list offset is an odd number greater than 1.
The cycle object
Errors or Clarifications


text:
The second incarnation of our essential equipment for the sound and audio installation engineer, the dBbox2 allows monitoring, metering and generation of analogue, AES/EBU and SPDIF audio from a pocket sized box.
The dBbox2 includes a simple five key menu interface to make any test as simple as possible.
The case has been formed using our own purpose designed aluminium extrusion then machined and painted to give the unit it's very individual look.
What you can do with the dBbox2:
Monitor mono or stereo line level analogue inputs using the built in speaker or 1/4 inch or 3.5mm headphones. Meter using either PPM or VU scale.
Monitor microphone level analogue inputs, with or without 48v phantom power, using the built in speaker or headphones. Meter using either PPM or VU meter scale.
Monitor AES/EBU balanced or unbalanced inputs using the built in speaker or headphones. Meter using -18dBFS, -20dBFS, PPM or VU scale.
Analyse sample rate, status and data errors.
Generate steady tone, tone sweep, GLITS, EBU, left only, right only, on both analogue and AES/EBU outputs. Tone frequency may be adjusted in third octave steps. Adjust Tone level from +10 to -60dBu in 1dB steps.
Use the built in microphone to talk to analogue or AES/EBU outputs
Generate pink noise and send to left/right/both outputs in both analogue and AES/EBU with a choice of levels in 1dB steps from +10dBu to -60dBu.
Use the built in microphone to talk to AES outputs with a choice of levels and with a built in limiter.
Send an external mic to analogue and AES outputs with gain adjust and phantom power.
Phantom power test with voltage read out. Also useful for checking 2 wire talkback power and channel.
MIDI receiver identifying channel, note on/off and note number.
עכשיו במחיר היכרות 2950 ש"ח כולל מע"מ

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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OneDrive
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Syncthing
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OneDrive vs Syncthing: What are the differences?
Introduction
In this article, we will explore the key differences between OneDrive and Syncthing. Both OneDrive and Syncthing are file synchronization and cloud storage solutions, but they differ in several aspects. Let's delve into their dissimilarities below.
 1. Ownership and Control: OneDrive is a cloud storage service owned and operated by Microsoft, whereas Syncthing is a decentralized, open-source file synchronization tool. OneDrive offers centralized control and management by a single entity, while Syncthing allows users to have full ownership and control over their data without relying on any external entity.
 2. Synchronization Mechanism: OneDrive uses a centralized server architecture to synchronize files between devices. When a file is modified, it is uploaded to the server, and then the changes are propagated to other connected devices. On the other hand, Syncthing employs a peer-to-peer synchronization mechanism, where files are synchronized directly between devices without the need for a central server. This decentralized approach can provide faster synchronization and reduces reliance on a single point of failure.
 3. Platform Compatibility: OneDrive is primarily designed for Windows and is tightly integrated with Microsoft products and services. It has official client applications for Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android. Syncthing, on the other hand, is cross-platform and supports Windows, macOS, Linux, FreeBSD, and Android. This makes Syncthing more versatile and enables synchronization across a broader range of devices and operating systems.
 4. Privacy and Encryption: OneDrive encrypts data in transit and at rest using industry-standard encryption methods. However, the encryption keys for data stored on the OneDrive servers are managed by Microsoft. Syncthing, on the other hand, provides end-to-end encryption, where the files are encrypted before leaving the source device and decrypted only on the destination device. This ensures that data remains encrypted and private, even if it passes through untrusted servers.
 5. Network Connectivity: OneDrive relies on a stable internet connection to synchronize files between devices. It requires an active internet connection to connect to the server and exchange data. In contrast, Syncthing can synchronize files over a local network without the need for an internet connection. Devices running Syncthing can communicate directly with each other, making it useful in situations where internet access may be limited or unavailable.
 6. File Sharing and Collaboration: OneDrive provides robust file sharing and collaboration features, allowing users to share files and folders with specific individuals or set permissions for public access. It integrates seamlessly with Microsoft Office Online, enabling real-time collaborative editing. Syncthing, however, focuses primarily on file synchronization rather than collaboration. While files can be shared and accessed by multiple devices, it does not provide advanced collaboration features like simultaneous editing or version control.
In summary, OneDrive is a centralized cloud storage service with strong integration with Microsoft products, offering extensive collaboration features. Syncthing, on the other hand, is a decentralized, open-source file synchronization tool that prioritizes privacy, platform compatibility, and peer-to-peer synchronization.
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 What is OneDrive?
 Outlook.com is a free, personal email service from Microsoft. Keep your inbox clutter-free with powerful organizational tools, and collaborate easily with OneDrive and Office Online integration.
 What is Syncthing?
 It is a continuous file synchronization program. It synchronizes files between two or more computers and replaces proprietary sync and cloud services with something open, trustworthy and decentralized. Your data is your data alone and you deserve to choose where it is stored, if it is shared with some third party and how it's transmitted over the internet.
 Need advice about which tool to choose?Ask the StackShare community!
 What companies use OneDrive?
 What companies use Syncthing?
 Manage your open source components, licenses, and vulnerabilities
 Learn more about FOSSALearn More
 Sign up to get full access to all the companiesMake informed product decisions
 What tools integrate with OneDrive?
 What tools integrate with Syncthing?
 Sign up to get full access to all the tool integrationsMake informed product decisions
 What are some alternatives to OneDrive and Syncthing?
 Dropbox
 Harness the power of Dropbox. Connect to an account, upload, download, search, and more.
 Box
 The Box API gives you access to the content management features you see in our web app and lets you extend them for use in your own app. It strives to be RESTful and is organized around the main resources you're familiar with from the Box web interface.
 iCloud
 Sign in to iCloud to access your photos, videos, documents, notes, contacts, and more. Use your Apple ID or create a new account to start using Apple services.
 Google Drive
 Keep photos, stories, designs, drawings, recordings, videos, and more. Your first 15 GB of storage are free with a Google Account. Your files in Drive can be reached from any smartphone, tablet, or computer.
 OneNote
 Get organized in notebooks you can divide into sections and pages. With easy navigation and search, you'll always find your notes right where you left them. It gathers users' notes, drawings, screen clippings and audio commentaries. Notes can be shared with other OneNote users over the Internet or a network.
 See all alternatives


text:
How to find the (x,y) combinations that make z=0?
39 views (last 30 days)
I have a matrix Z(i,j) that is a function of X and Y. Surface and contour plot look fine, but are difficult to interpret.
Is there a way to plot a function of X and Y, such that Z is equal to zero (or as close to zero as possible, since non of the elements in the Z matrix is actually zero)? What I'd like to find out is for which combinations of X and Y the Z-value is above and below zero.
My code is very long, but I did something like this to get matrix Z:
for i = 1:numel(X)
Z(:,i) = functionZ(X(i))
Z(j) = %functionZ(X)
for j = 1:numel(Y)
Z(j)= %function with parameter X
thanks in advance for any tips!
Kevin Phung on 16 Sep 2019
Edited: Kevin Phung on 18 Sep 2019
Correct me if I am misinterpreting your goal:
You have a function z(x,y).
You are trying to find the values of x and y that give you some particular values of Z, in this case very close to 0. You can try something like this:
% define some condition for Z values, in this case I want to look for all Z values in my
% Z matrix that are between 0 and 0.001.
% find() those values, and use ind2sub in order to grab the [row,col] pairs.
[x_ind,y_ind] = ind2sub(size(Z),find(and(Z=<0.001,Z>0 )));
xy_pairs = [X(x_ind) Y(y_ind)] % this will give you the x and y pairs
edit: you have already accepted my answer, but I forgot to include an '=' sign

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Scheduling Robotic Assisted Surgery within the Perioperative Process
James Ryan, Po-Yi Ou
This study examines the outcomes of perioperative operating room scheduling using robotic assisted surgical procedures within the hospital environment. Based on a 193-month longitudinal study of a large 1,157 registered-bed academic medical center, the observed effects are viewed through a lens of information technology (IT) impact on core capabilities and core strategy to yield a digital transformation framework that supports patient-centric improvement across the perioperative scheduling of pre-admissions, pre-operative, intra-operative, post-operative, and central sterile supply sub-processes. This research identifies existing perioperative scheduling limitations on robotic assisted surgeries, potential capabilities, and subsequent contextual understanding to minimize perioperative process complexity, target opportunity for improvement, and ultimately yield improved robotic assisted scheduling capabilities. Dynamic technological activities of analysis, evaluation, and synthesis applied to specific perioperative patient-centric data collected within integrated hospital information systems yield the organizational resource for process management and control. Conclusions include theoretical and practical implications as well as study limitations.
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 6 tips to break down the USMLE question format
 Key points:
 1) The structure of a USMLE® question contains the stem of the question, a lead in, and answer options. Typically, USMLE questions provide five answer choices, but can have up to 11 answer choices.
 2) Decode USMLE questions with these steps: Read the stem and lead-in, identify key information and anticipate an answer based on your knowledge, then, scrutinize answer choices, noting that one closely resembles the correct answer while others are feasible but incorrect. Utilize the elimination principle to narrow choices and confirm your selection.
 3) Distractors are valuable tools for your exam preparation. They not only challenge your knowledge but also strengthen your understanding of various topics.
 The United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE®) is a critical milestone for medical students! It's a multi-step exam series that tests your knowledge, skills, and ability to apply medical principles. The key format used in these exams is multiple-choice questions. In this blog, we'll break down the question format, explore how to analyze questions and answer options effectively, discuss the role of distractors, and highlight strategies for success, so keep reading!
 The structure of USMLE® multiple-choice questions
 USMLE® questions are carefully crafted to assess your understanding of medical concepts and your ability to make decisions in clinical settings. Let's dissect the structure of these questions:
 - The stem: This is the question itself, often presented as a clinical scenario or a straightforward question. The stem provides the context for the question and what is being asked.
 - The lead-in: The lead-in is the part of the stem that directly asks you to make a decision or select an answer.
 - Answer options: Typically, USMLE® questions provide five answer choices, but can have up to 11 answer choices. One is the correct answer (or the BEST answer), while the others are distractors (incorrect options). These distractors are carefully designed to challenge your knowledge and critical thinking abilities.
 Here's an example of a question from the MedStudy Step 1 Qbank+ which closely mimics the format of the USMLE® questions. As you see, there is the question stem and image, the lead-in to the answer options, and the five answer options.
 Screenshot 2023-08-22 at 3.00.03 PM
 Screenshot of a question from MedStudy's Step 1 Qbank+
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 Create your FREE account for unlimited access to the musculoskeletal system section for 30 days. Check out both the Step 1 & Step 2 Qbanks. No credit card required!

 Decoding USMLE® questions: let's break it down
 Understanding how to approach USMLE® questions can help you know what to look for on exam day! Here's a step-by-step:
 1. Carefully read the stem and lead-in
 Begin by reading the entire question stem and lead-in carefully. Ensure you understand the scenario presented and the specific query being asked. Sometimes, questions may try to trick you by including irrelevant details, so pay attention to the essential information.
 2. Identify the key information
 Look for critical pieces of information in the stem, such as symptoms, laboratory results, or diagnostic images. These details will guide you in selecting the correct answer.
 3. Anticipate the answer
 Before looking at the answer choices, try to formulate an answer based on your knowledge. This can help prevent bias when evaluating the answer options.
 4. Examine each answer choice
 Now, scrutinize each answer choice, starting with the one you initially formulated. Here's where the concept of "distractors" comes into play:
 - Distractor 1: easily confused with the correct answer: One distractor will closely resemble the correct answer but will have a subtle difference.
 - Other distractors: feasible but wrong answers: These distractors will seem plausible but ultimately incorrect. Use your knowledge to identify why they are wrong in the given context.
 Note! Their might be more than one answer that seems like it could be the correct answer, "but there is only ONE BEST answer."
 5. Apply the elimination principle
 Utilize the process of elimination to narrow down your choices. Begin by eliminating the clearly incorrect options. Focus on the details that make each choice right or wrong in relation to the question.
 6. Confirm your choice
 Once you've narrowed down your options, revisit the stem and lead-in to ensure your choice aligns with the question's requirements. Whew! All this is within one question. We know it seems like a lot to do for each question. But, if you practice this answering strategy in your Qbanks while studying, it will come naturally (and quickly!) when you're in the exam.
 Practice these 6 tips on the example question
 Before you continue reading, take a second to practice these 6 tips to break down the question on this example question from the Step 1 Qbank+.
 Carefully read the question step and lead-in, identify what you think the key info in the question is, anticipate an answer, and then examine each of the answer options before continuing. (We'll breakdown how to eliminate the distractors more below).
 Note: if you ever need help identifying the key information while studying with your MedStudy Step 1 Qbank+, you can always select the hint feature.
 In this question, the hint is "The circular, outwardly expanding rash on the patient's arm (i.e., erythema migrans) is pathognomonic for this condition.
 Screenshot 2023-08-22 at 3.00.03 PMScreenshot of a question from MedStudy's Step 1 Qbank+

 Why are distractors important?
 As the StudyWise guide suggests*, distractors are valuable tools for your exam preparation. They not only challenge your knowledge but also strengthen your understanding of various topics. Here's why they are included:
 - To assess critical thinking: Distractors evaluate your ability to differentiate between closely related concepts, a vital skill for a practicing physician.
 - To reflect real-life decision-making: In clinical practice, you'll often face situations with multiple plausible but incorrect solutions. Distractors simulate this complexity.
 - To enhance learning: By analyzing distractors and imagining scenarios where they could be correct, you expand your knowledge base and make connections between different medical concepts.
 In essence, mastering the art of handling distractors is essential to excel in USMLE® exams.
 *Distractors are discussed in the IM and Peds version of the StudyWise guide, not in the student StudyWise
 Let's bring back the example question from the MedStudy Step 1 Qbank+. After you have carefully read the stem and lead-in, identified the key information, anticipated the answer, examined each answer choice, you can now apply the elimination principle. As you can see, in the question below, we have eliminated the distractors with the strikethrough feature in the Qbank+.
 Screenshot 2023-08-22 at 3.05.42 PM
 Screenshot of a question from MedStudy's Step 1 Qbank+
 Once you've eliminated the distractors, you can select your answer and read the explanation while in study mode. Of course, on the day of your USMLE® exam you won't see the answers right afterward, but you get the idea!
 Screenshot 2023-08-22 at 3.17.32 PMScreenshot of a question from MedStudy's Step 1 Qbank+

 USMLE® exams are not just about regurgitating facts; they demand a deep understanding of medical concepts and the ability to apply them in complex clinical scenarios. By dissecting questions, identifying key information, and skillfully handling distractors, you can navigate the USMLE® question format with confidence. Remember that practice and continuous learning are your best allies on this challenging journey to becoming a licensed medical professional.
 Want 78 other musculoskeletal system Q&As for free? 👀
 Create your FREE account for unlimited access to the musculoskeletal system section for 30 days. Check out both the Step 1 & Step 2 Qbanks. No credit card required!

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Modeling of tumor growth and anticancer effects of combination therapy
Abstract
Combination therapies are widely used in the treatment of patients with cancer. Selecting synergistic combination strategies is a great challenge during early drug development. Here, we present a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model with a smooth nonlinear growth function to characterize and quantify anticancer effect of combination therapies using time-dependent data. To describe the pharmacological effect of combination therapy, an interaction term was introduced into a semi-mechanistic anticancer PK/PD model. This approach enables testing of a pharmacological hypothesis with respect to an anticipated pharmacological synergy of drug combinations, such as an assumed pharmacological synergy of complementary inhibition of a particular signaling pathway. The model was applied to three real data sets derived from preclinical screening experiments using xenograft mice. The suggested model fitted well the observed data from mono- to combination-therapy and allowed physiologically meaningful interpretation of the experiments. The tested drug combinations were assessed for their ability to act as synergistic modulators of tumor growth inhibition by the interaction parameter ψ. The presented approach has practical implications because it can be applied to standard xenograft experiments and may assist in the selection of both optimal drug combinations and administration schedules. The unique feature of the presented approach is the ability to characterize the nature of combined drug interaction as well as to quantify the intensity of such interactions by assessing the time course of combined drug effect.
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References
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Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to WJ Jusko for motivating and valuable discussion on this modeling approach and to Karl Zech who continuously supported the project. The authors thank the scientists Petra Gimmnich, Astrid Zimmermann, Ragna Hussong, and Rolf Herzog for their dedicated involvement during the generation of pharmacological and pharmacokinetic data, and Kathy B. Thomas for helpful suggestions during the preparation of the manuscript. This study was sponsored by Nycomed GmbH, Konstanz, Germany.
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Correspondence to Antje Walz.
Appendix
Appendix
Appendix 1: The unperturbed growth function
In the Simeoni model, the unperturbed tumor growth function is modeled by a linear and a constant part
$$ g\left( w \right) = \left\{ \begin{gathered} \lambda_{0} w,\quad w \le w_{th} \hfill \\ \lambda_{1}, \quad w > w_{th} \hfill \\ \end{gathered} \right.,\quad \quad w_{th} = \frac{{\lambda_{1} }}{{\lambda_{0} }}, $$
(7)
which are simply glued together. Here \( \lambda_{0} > 0 \) and \( \lambda_{1} > 0 \) describe the rate of exponential and linear growth of tumor weight w. Moreover the growth function g suffers at a lack of differentiability for \( w = w_{th} . \)
Alternatively, we model the unperturbed tumor growth by the term
$$ f\left( {x_{1} } \right) = \frac{{ax_{1} }}{{b + x_{1} }}\quad a,b > 0. $$
To achieve physiological meaningful parameters with the same meaning as in Simeoni's model we adjust actual values of a and b according to
$$ \mathop {\lim }\limits_{{x_{1} \to \infty }} f\left( {x_


3 Reasons Why Retailers Should Pay More Attention to Their Backroom
That said, effectively utilizing the backroom is a delicate balance that can make a huge difference in profitability across a portfolio. Retailers are constantly making adjustments to their backroom operations.
Below I've condensed some facts and figures from a recent article by Supply Chain Quarterly (SCQ), my own experience and a few other sources in order to explore the backroom of today's retailers.
1. There is a Balance and a Cost to Manage the Backroom Properly
As available backroom space for inventory increases, the profits increase to a certain point and then profitability begins to fall off quickly.
In the example provided by SCQ, a 1,500 square foot retail store can increase its profits by $300,000 just by increasing its backroom size from 75 to 150 square feet. They go on to explain that a general rule of thumb for backroom size should be approximately 5-10% of the total space to maximize profits.
If too much space is taken in the back, there is less space to sell product in the front. On the other hand when space is limited in the backroom, customer service, available products and organization will suffer.
There are other costs that play into the balancing act retailers encounter in backroom operations, such as labor, equipping, occupancy costs (e.g. rent, utilities, and maintenance), system for organizing and maintaining inventory, inventory holding costs, and in many cases expiration or useful life of perishable goods. All of these costs and systems factor into how a product is packaged, distributed and sold.
2. Pack Size Matters
Inevitably, the size of back end space will vary from store to store so it is important that suppliers are communicating effectively with store personnel and corporate when it comes to determining pack size.
By determining the correct pack size upfront, each store is able to balance space allocation/demand and replenishment more effectively. Packs usually come from a supplier in an "order size" pack which is a larger bulk group that is more easily transported.
Once delivered, the order pack is broken down into smaller "storable packs" that are allocated on the shelves or storage spaces in the backroom. As storable packs are received, they are also added to the inventory as another SKU competing for inventory space.
It has been found that smaller storable packs lead to improved utilization and increased profits for using the same volume of space.
"Reducing the storable pack by 15% for 30% of the top-performing SKUs (that is, those contributing the most to store revenue) increases profit per unit of refrigerated, freezer and ambient equipment by 4-10%."
Some SKUs in the backroom will be ready to hand to customers or they may need to be combined with other SKUs to create a finished good. Think Snickers bar vs. cheeseburger.
Additionally, there are SKUs that are considered essential to the business (e.g. bread dough for Pizza Hut or coffee cups for Starbucks). "Essential SKUs" could include signature items or fundamental ingredients to making products and need to be given priority space.
3. Omnichannel is Complicating Things
In the last few years the front/back end model has been shaken up due to demand for omnichannel capability. Stores are now required to anticipate or be ready for a customer to order online and pick up in store, deliver or facilitate in-store purchases without skipping a beat.
The problem is that online orders for delivery or pick-up may have a different product demand than customers shopping in-store, which makes prioritizing backroom shelf space a major dilemma.
Panera Bread has added new channels like drive through lanes, Rapid Pick-Up and delivery. The placement for Rapid Pick-Up is placed in the customer area to eliminate cost of counter space and need for store personnel to fetch orders.
Companies like IRSG work with retailers to observe how hanging, folded and boxed merchandise is handled from the backroom to the sales floor while getting feedback from the store employees. From there they provide an assessment and suggested actions on how to streamline the process.
In some cases, backroom activities are pushed to the distribution center or 3PL. For example, the cardboard displays you see in the aisles at Walmart and Target are typically picked and packed at the distribution center and brought directly to the sales floor.
In either case, "overflow inventory" or safety stock will become less acceptable as you get closer to the front end of the supply chain. Retailers are beginning to recognize this and sharpen their in-store implementation practices. Sloppy just costs too much.
Thanks for reading!
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 2. _URL_
 3. _URL_
 4. _URL_


(defaults to \n). Example:
var xml_string = XML.stringify( doc, 'Document', 0, "", "" );
console.log( xml_string );
This would produce something like:
<?xml version="1.0"?><Document><Node Key="Value">Content</Node><Simple>Hello</Simple></Document>
If you are composing an XML document which has the document root node preserved (see preserveDocumentNode above), simply pass in an empty string for the name parameter. Example:
var xml_string = XML.stringify( doc, "", 0, "", "" );
Preserve Sort Order
Most modern JavaScript engines including Node.js seem to magically preserve hash key order, although this goes against the ECMAScript specification. If you want to take your chances and skip the alphabetic sort, and instead rely on natural key order, pass false as the 6th parameter when composing:
var xml_string = XML.stringify( doc, 'Document', 0, "\t", "\n", false );
This will render elements and attributes in whatever order they come out of their hashes, which is up to your JavaScript runtime engine.
Object-Oriented API
In addition to the Simplified API, an object-oriented API is also available. Using this, you instantiate an XML.Parser class instance, and use that to parse, manipulate and serialize XML. The constructor accepts up to two arguments, the raw XML string, and an optional object with configuration options.
After constructing the XML.Parser object, and no error was thrown, call getTree() to get a reference to the simplified XML structure in memory, manipulate it if you want, then call compose() to serialize the object tree back into XML.
The main reason for using this API is that it preserves any PI (Processing Instruction) and DTD (Document Type Definition) elements in the source XML file, and they will be serialized into the output. Example:
var xml_string = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><Document>' +
 '<Simple>Hello</Simple>' +
 '<Node Key="Value">Complex</Node>' +
 '</Document>';

var parser = null;
try {
 parser = new XML.Parser( xml_string, { preserveAttributes: true } );
}
catch (err) {
 throw err;
}

var doc = parser.getTree();
doc.Simple = "Hello, I changed this.";

console.log( parser.compose() );
This would produce the following output:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Document>
 <Node Key="Value">Complex</Node>
 <Simple>Hello, I changed this.</Simple>
</Document>
Notice that the PI element with its encoding attribute was preserved and serialized.
To manipulate the PI nodes, access the piNodeList property on your parser object. It is an array of strings, each one representing one raw PI node sans the surrounding angle brackets, e.g. ?xml version="1.0"?. Similarly, any DTD nodes are stored in a dtdNodeList property (also an array). Feel free to change these to customize your serialized XML documents.
parser.piNodeList = [ '?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?' ];
parser.dtdNodeList = [ '!DOCTYPE MyAppConfig SYSTEM "/dtds/AppConfig.dtd"' ];

console.log( parser.compose() );
Custom XML Formatting
To produce custom XML formatting using the object-oriented API, you can pass two arguments to the compose() method. The first argument represents the indentation character (defaults to \t) and the second argument represents the EOL character (defaults to \n).
For example, to produce compact XML (i.e. all crammed onto one line) set both arguments to empty strings. Example:
console.log( parser.compose("", "") );
This would produce the following output:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><Document><Node Key="Value">Complex</Node><Simple>Hello, I changed this.</Simple></Document>
Utility Functions
Here are a few utility functions that are provided in the package:
encodeEntities
STRING encodeEntities( STRING )
This function will take a string, and encode the three standard XML entities, ampersand (&), left-angle-bracket (<) and right-angle-bracket (>), into their XML-safe counterparts. It returns the result. Example:
var text = '<Hello>&<There>';
console.log( XML.encodeEntities(text) );
// Would output: <Hello>&<There>
encodeAttribEntities
STRING encodeAttribEntities( STRING )
This function does basically the same thing as encodeEntities, but it also includes encoding for single-quotes (') and double-quotes ("). It is used for encoding an XML string for composing into an attribute value. It returns the result. Example:
var text = '<Hello>"&"<There>';
console.log( XML.encodeAttribEntities(text) );
// Would output: <Hello>"&"<There>
decodeEntities
STRING decodeEntities( STRING )
This function decodes all the standard XML entities back into their original characters. This includes ampersand (&), left-angle-bracket (<), right-angle-bracket (>), single-quote (') and double-quote ("). It is used when parsing XML element and attribute values. Example:
var text = '<Hello>"&"<There>';
console.log( XML.decodeEntities(text) );
// Would output: <Hello>"&"<There>
alwaysArray
ARRAY alwaysArray( MIXED )
This function will wrap anything passed to it into an array and return the array, unless the item passed is already an array, in which case it is simply returned verbatim.
var arr = XML.alwaysArray( maybe_array );
hashKeysToArray
ARRAY hashKeysToArray( OBJECT )
This function returns all the hash keys as an array. Useful for sorting and then iterating over the sorted list.
var my_hash = { foo: "bar", baz: 12345 };
var keys = XML.hashKeysToArray( my_hash ).sort();

for (var idx = 0, len = keys.length; idx < len; idx++) {
 var key = keys[idx];
 // do something with key and my_hash[key]
}
isaHash
BOOLEAN isaHash( MIXED )
This function returns true if the provided argument is a hash (object), false otherwise.
var my_hash = { foo: "bar", baz: 12345 };
var is_hash = XML.isaHash( my_hash );
isaArray
BOOLEAN isaArray( MIXED )
This function returns true if the provided argument is an array (or is array-like), false otherwise.
var my_arr = [ "foo", "bar", 12345 ];
var is_arr = XML.isaArray( my_arr );
numKeys
INTEGER numKeys( OBJECT )
This function returns the number of keys in the specified hash.
var my_hash = { foo: "bar", baz: 12345 };
var num = XML.numKeys( my_hash ); // 2
firstKey
STRING firstKey( OBJECT )
This function returns the first key of the hash when iterating over it. Note that hash keys are stored in an undefined order.
var my_hash = { foo: "bar", baz: 12345 };
var key = XML.firstKey( my_hash ); // foo or baz
Known Issues
 - Serialized XML doesn't exactly match parsed XML.
 - Unicode XML entities are not decoded when parsed.
License
The MIT License
Copyright (c) 2004 - 2016 Joseph Huckaby
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies


text:
Fire Suppression System
Wet Chemical System
Different types of fires require different extinguishing systems.
A wet chemical system is one of the most common used fire suppression system. Kitchen fires, typically caused by oil, need a wet chemical system that uses a strong alkali to neutralize the fire. A process known as Saponification is used to suppress fire. It is basically a chemical reaction that takes place when a strong alkali is mixed with animal fat or a vegetable oil. A value is calculated (called Saponification Value) that measures the quantity of potassium hydroxide required to neutralize 1 gram of oil or fat.
Dry Chemical System
Dry chemical systems are mostly used to extinguish flammable liquid fires which are not of appreciate depth. Due to the non-conductive nature, these systems are also relevant for flammable fires involving live electrical equipment. These systems basically remove the oxygen by interrupting the chemical reaction. A sticky residue is left on the burning material by the decomposed monammonium phosphate that seals the flowing material from oxygen.
Our technicians know which system will best suit your needs, and will be able to advise you on all the current industry requirements. They will also be able to carry out regular inspections and maintenance work on your fire safety systems to ensure they remain in good working order.
Contact us today for more information.


text:
Approximate Verification of the Symbolic Dynamics of Markov Chains
A finite state Markov chain M is often viewed as a probabilistic transition system. An alternative view - which we follow here - is to regard M as a linear transform operating on the space of probability distributions over its set of nodes. The novel idea here is to discretize the probability value space [0,1] into a finite set of intervals. A concrete probability distribution over the nodes is then symbolically represented as a tuple D of such intervals. The i-th component of the discretized distribution D will be the interval in which the probability of node i falls. The set of discretized distributions is a finite set and each trajectory, generated by repeated applications of M to an initial distribution, will induce a unique infinite string over this finite set of letters. Hence, given a set of initial distributions, the symbolic dynamics of M will consist of an infinite language L over the finite alphabet of discretized distributions. We investigate whether L meets a specification given as a linear time temporal logic formula whose atomic propositions assert that the current probability of a node falls in an interval. Unfortunately, even for restricted Markov chains (for instance, irreducible and aperiodic chains), we do not know at present if and when L is an (omega)-regular language. To get around this we develop the notion of an epsilon-approximation, based on the transient and long term behaviors of M. Our main results are that, one can effectively check whether (i) for each infinite word in L, at least one of its epsilon-approximations satisfies the specification; (ii) for each infinite word in L all its epsilon-approximations satisfy the specification. These verification results are strong in that they apply to all finite state Markov chains. Further, the study of the symbolic dynamics of Markov chains initiated here is of independent interest and can lead to other applications.


Botanical Museum
Botanical Museum
This element belongs to the categories: Museums, University of Cagliari (Official Department)
Opened in 2008, it was created with the intent to combine the visits to the Botanical Gardens with in-depht monographs. The ancient art of wax carving comes back to life through model of mushrooms, flowers, carnivorous plants, insects and pollen.
The Botanical Museum was opened in November 2008. It was created with the intent to incorporate visits to the Botanical Gardens with monographic and thematic analisys. To prepare certain sections were made botanical models in three dimensions that, thanks to the passion of Dr. Cristina Delunas, manager of the structure, reproduce in a modern and renovated way, the ancient art of wax modeling. A combination of art and science, well known in the past centuries, which had as illustrious character C. Susini and L. Inkwells, best known for the anatomical waxes and that, after E.Tortori's death(1893), fell into disuse and was almost forgotten. In this small museum the ancient art rises again: mushrooms, flowers, carnivorous plants, pollen and insects take shape, completely created by hand over the flame of an alcohol lamp. Unique pieces, made in the belonging laboratory. The museum houses scientific instruments used in the Departement during past centuries, such as microscopes, precision balances and dryers. It preserves an important collection of herbal preparations in formalin which has about 200 pieces. Historically important for the place where the Garden and then the Museum rise, is a small collection of archaeological finds from the Roman period ( first and second century. D. C. ) found in the Garden itself. A showcase is dedicated to the history of herbal medicine.
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text:
Springfield facility is violating air quality standards
June 4, 2013
Arise for Social Justice today launched a campaign calling for an end to the burning of coal at Solutia's Indian Orchard facility. The group has mailed a letter to Solutia and Eastman Chemical, the owner of Solutia, laying out community expectations that the plant will reduce its pollutant emissions. The letter was signed by over 200 area residents.
View the letter here.
"The American Lung Association has given Springfield's air an "F" for a number of years, and our asthma rate is twice the state average," said Bill Gibson, the community activist who spearheaded the letter to the company. "The company should not inflict hundreds of tons of air pollution on residents each year — Eastman should live up to the environmental goals they have posted on their own website."
The Solutia factory in Indian Orchard is the largest chemical manufacturing plant in New England. The factory is powered by one of the last industrial coal-burners in Massachusetts, and is one of the largest sources of air pollution and greenhouse gases in Western Massachusetts. The plant does not use a scrubber – a type of air pollution control technology – to control sulfur dioxide. An independent study commissioned by the environmental group the Partnership for Policy Integrity (PFPI) determined that sulfur dioxide emissions from Solutia's coal plant likely exceed EPA's health standards. Emissions of other air pollutants, including hydrochloric acid and the ozone precursor nitrogen dioxide, are also high, and may pose a risk to local residents.
Arise and PFPI filed a demand letter with the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) in February 2013, requesting that the agency revise Solutia's outdated air permit to reduce allowable emissions limits. The DEP took action, requiring Solutia to conduct its own air quality modeling to demonstrate that it is able to operate without violating air quality standards. If the company can not make such a demonstration, they will be compelled to install a scrubber or switch to a cleaner fuel at the facility.
"Solutia burned more coal in 2011 than the Holyoke Mt. Tom Power Plant, with fewer pollution control technologies installed" says Michaelann Bewsee, director of Arise. "Switching away from dirty coal will immediately reduce air pollution. While the clear fuel alternative, natural gas, is less dirty than coal, it isn't better from a greenhouse gas perspective. Therefore we want the company to take steps to reduce facility-wide greenhouse gas emissions. Rather than entering into protracted negotiations with DEP about its air emissions, the company should be a good neighbor and switch away from coal immediately."
The former Monsanto plant covers 180 acres and employs 500 people. The groups do not advocate for plant closure or downsizing. Eastman Chemical, which purchased Solutia in 2012 for $4.7 billion, is a member of "Responsible Care" ( a chemical industry sustainability initiative) and the community groups expect the company to live up to its promises.
A community meeting to discuss the Solutia facility is scheduled for Monday, June 24th at 6 pm at the Indian Orchard Citizens Council building, 117 Main St., Indian Orchard. Residents of Indian Orchard, East Springfield and other city neighborhoods are invited to attend.


matches any Unicode character that represents a letter (lower case, upper case, modified or unmodified).
If you have to stick with JavaScript and cannot use the library suggested by Tim Down, the only options are probably either blacklisting or whitelisting. But your bounty mentions that blacklisting is not actually an option in your case. So you will probably simply have to include the special characters from your relevant language manually. So you could simply do this:
var desired = stringToReplace.replace(/[^\w\sñáóí]/gi, '');
Or use their corresponding Unicode sequences:
var desired = stringToReplace.replace(/[^\w\s\u00F1\u00C1\u00F3\u00ED]/gi, '');
Then simply add all the ones you want to take care of. Note that the case-insensitive modifier also works with Unicode sequences.
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text:
the commands below, you'll be able to see your changes reflected in the git UI.
In your new terminal instance, run the following to stage your notebook file for commit:
git add demo.ipynb
And then run the following to commit your changes (you can use whatever commit message you'd like):
git commit -m "Build and train TF model"
Then you should see your latest commit in the history:
6. Use the What-If Tool directly from your notebook
The What-If Tool is an interactive visual interface designed to help you visualize your datasets and better understand the output of your ML models. It is an open source tool created by the PAIR team at Google. While it works with any type of model, it has some features built exclusively for Cloud AI Platform.
The What-If Tool comes pre-installed in Cloud AI Platform Notebooks instances with TensorFlow. Here we'll use it to see how our model is performing overall and inspect its behavior on data points from our test set.
Step 1: Prepare data for the What-If Tool
To make the most of the What-If Tool, we'll send it examples from our test set along with the ground truth labels for those examples (
y_test). That way we can compare what our model predicted to the ground truth. Run the line of code below to create a new DataFrame with our test examples and their labels:
wit_data = pd.concat([x_test, y_test], axis=1)
In this lab, we'll be connecting the What-If Tool to the model we've just trained in our notebook. In order to do that, we need to write a function that the tool will use to run these test data points to our model:
def custom_predict(examples_to_infer): preds = model.predict(examples_to_infer) return preds
Step 2: Instantiate the What-If Tool
We'll instantiate the What-If Tool by passing it 500 examples from the concatenated test dataset + ground truth labels we just created. We create an instance of
WitConfigBuilder to set up the tool, passing it our data, the custom predict function we defined above, along with our target (the thing we're predicting), and the model type:
config_builder = (WitConfigBuilder(wit_data[:500].values.tolist(), data.columns.tolist() + ['weight_pounds']).set_custom_predict_fn(custom_predict).set_target_feature('weight_pounds').set_model_type('regression')) WitWidget(config_builder, height=800)
You should see something like this when the What-If Tool loads:
On the x-axis, you can see your test data points spread out by the model's predicted weight value,
Step 3: Explore model behavior with the What-If Tool
There are lots of cool things you can do with the What-If Tool. We'll explore just a few of them here. First, let's look at the datapoint editor. You can select any data point to see its features, and change the feature values. Start by clicking on any data point:
On the left you'll see the feature values for the data point you've selected. You can also compare that data point's ground truth label with the value predicted by the model. In the left sidebar, you can also change feature values and re-run model prediction to see the effect this change had on your model. For example, we can change gestation_weeks to 30 for this data point by double-clicking on it an re-run prediction:
Using the dropdown menus in the plot section of the What-If Tool, you can create all sorts of custom visualizations. For example, here's a chart with the models' predicted weight on the x-axis, the age of the mother on the y-axis, and points colored by their inference error (darker means a higher difference between predicted and actual weight). Here it looks like as weight decreases, the model's error increases slightly:
Next, check the Partial dependence plots button on the left. This shows how each feature influences the model's prediction. For example, as gestation time increases, our model's predicted baby weight also increases:
For more exploration ideas with the What-If Tool, check the links at the beginning of this section.
7. Optional: connect your local git repo to GitHub
Finally, we'll learn how to connect the git repo in our notebook instance to a repo in our GitHub account. If you'd like to do this step, you'll need a GitHub account.
Step 1: Create a new repo on GitHub
In your GitHub account, create a new repository. Give it a name and a description, decide if you'd like it to be public, and select Create repository (you don't need to initialize with a README). On the next page, you'll follow the instructions for pushing an existing repository from the command line.
Open a Terminal window, and add your new repository as a remote. Replace
username in the repo URL below with your GitHub username, and
your-repo with the name of the one you just created:
git remote add origin _EMAIL_:username/your-repo.git
Step 2: Authenticate to GitHub in your notebooks instance
Next you'll need to authenticate to GitHub from within your notebook instance. This process varies depending on whether you have two-factor authentication enabled on GitHub.
Step 3: Ensure you've correctly linked your GitHub repo
To make sure you've set things up correctly, run
git remote -v in your terminal. You should see your new repository listed as a remote. Once you see the URL of your GitHub repo and you've authenticated to GitHub from your notebook, you're ready to push directly to GitHub from your notebook instance.
To sync your local notebook git repo with your newly created GitHub repo, click the cloud upload button at the top of the Git sidebar:
Refresh your GitHub repository, and you should see your notebook code with your previous commits! If others have access to your GitHub repo and you'd like to pull down the latest changes to your notebook, click the cloud download icon to sync those changes.
On the History tab of the Notebooks git UI, you can see if your local commits are synced with GitHub. In this example,
origin/master corresponds with our repo on GitHub:
Whenever you make new commits, just click the cloud upload button again to push those changes to your GitHub repo.
You've done a lot in this lab 👏👏👏
To recap, you've learned how to:
- Create an customize an AI Platform Notebook instance
- Initialize a local git repo in that instance, add commits via the git UI or command line, view git diffs in the Notebook git UI
- Build and train a simple TensorFlow 2 model
- Use the What-If Tool within your Notebook instance
- Connect your Notebook git repo to an external repository on GitHub
If you'd like to continue using this notebook, it is recommended that you turn it off when not in use. From the Notebooks UI in your Cloud Console, select the notebook and then select Stop:
If you'd like to delete all resources you've created in this lab, simply delete the notebook instance instead of stopping it.
Using the Navigation menu in your Cloud Console, browse to Storage and delete both buckets you created to store your model assets.


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The pre-evaluation procedure to enroll in the two-year MSc program in "Informatica – Computer Science" (_URL_ offered by Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Italy for the academic year 2012/13, is open from Feb 1 to May 31, 2013. The program, which is taught in English and is suitable for students with diverse academic backgrounds, covers the [...]
Geodynamics is the science of understanding and modeling physical processes occurring within the Earth. The model results are compared with geological and geophysical observations in order to improve our understanding of the dynamical system, to determine which processes and mechanisms are important in the Earth, and also to constrain relevant physical parameters. The geophysics group [...]
Since 2010, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia (Italy) has offered a two-year MSc program in "Informatics – Computer Science", taught in English, which is suitable for students with diverse academic backgrounds. The program unfolds into three semesters of full-time lectures and labs. During the last semester students work on an individual project and dissertation.


Top 3 Clients by Order Value
Compute the top 3 clients by order value according to the detailed order data. The basic train of thought is to group the orders by clients firstly, secondly sum up the total value of orders placed by each client, thirdly sort the order by the summary value, and lastly filter out the top 3 groups according to the serial numbers. In this case, the summary value sorting and filtering by the serial number is the difficult point. However, with the overall sheet design module and sorted computational module of esCalc, this point can be solved easily.
1. Get the data from the order sheet through the wizard
2. Group by client. Right-click on any cell outside the header of column B, select Quick operation->group, as shown in the below figure:
The grouping result is shown below:
3. Calculate the summary value of each client. In any cell of the summary zone, enter the summation formula, for example, enter {D3}.sum() in D2, which indicates the sum of all homo-cells of D3. Formulas will be copied and pasted to the homocells of D2 (i.e. D7, D10, and other cells) automatically, as shown in the below figure:
4. Sort by the summary value. Right-click on the cell where the summary value is located (any cell of D2, D7 or D10). Right click and select Quick operation->Desc, as shown in the below figure:
The sorting result is shown below:
5. Filter by the serial number. In the Summarizing Area (for example the cell B2), right click and select Operation->Filter, as shown in below figure:
In the dialogue, input the formula "#<=3", and # represents the serial number in this case. Because it is summary zone, the # represents "serial number of each member in the group", as shown in the below figure:
The filtered result of the computational goal, as shown in the below figure:
6. To make it more convenient for viewing, you can also click the grouping level 1 on the top left corner, as shown in the below figure:
landamman407 animalism364 undetermindtion905 hellhag238 fetich178 viticulture137 fabulist203


text:
Gymnastics is better for your bones than running, say sports scientists at the University of Oregon. Christine Snow-Harter and student Tracey Robinson of the university's Bone Research Laboratory compared women gymnasts and runners to determine what type of exercise benefits bones most.
Most of the athletes were amenorrhoeic - they did not menstruate and had extremely low oestrogen levels, similar to those in postmenopausal women. Low oestrogen may lead to the bone-wasting disease of osteoporosis, even in teenage athletes.
Among gymnasts, the wasting effects of amenorrhoea are countered by their exercise routines. The researchers found that compared to the runners, the gymnasts had 20 per cent more bone mass in the lower spine and 23 per cent more bone mass in the hips.
The reason is that gymnastic moves exert as much as twelve times the body weight on the skeleton, whereas running exerts between two and five times the...
To continue reading this article, subscribe to receive access to all of newscientist.com, including 20 years of archive content.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Professor of School of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney University, Australia. His research interests cover Industry 4.0, Additive Manufacturing, Advanced Engineering Materials and Structures (Metals and Composites), Multi-scale Modelling of Materials and Structures, Metal Forming and Metal Surface Treatment.
Abstract—This study proposes a multi-objective linear programming model for solving the multi-product aggregate production planning (APP) decision problem for Topline Co., Ltd. in Thailand. The model attempts to minimise total production and work force costs and carrying inventory costs to bring a planning framework for the industrial resources management under complex information environment. The proposed model yields an efficient compromise solution and the overall levels of decision making satisfaction with the multiple objectives via the fuzzy programming using the elevator kinematics optimisation (EKO) algorithm including its hybridisations of harmony search and bee algorithms. The comparisons are made for two different levels of inventory. It can be concluded that the EKO is slightly more effective than the other hybrid approaches in terms of quality of solutions. However, there is no difference in required computation time. The basic idea is to produce reliable solution in search space with the random external command in escaping from local trap during searching for a better solution. Numerical results demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of the developed EKO method.
Copyright © 2015-2021 International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research, All Rights Reserved


text:
Financial Stability Governance and Central Bank Communications
Abstract: We investigate how central banks' governance frameworks influence their financial stability communication strategies and assess the effectiveness of these strategies in preventing a worsening of financial cycle conditions. We develop a simple conceptual framework of how central banks communicate about financial stability and how communication shapes the evolution of the financial cycle. We apply our framework using data on the governance characteristics of 24 central banks and the sentiment conveyed in their financial stability reports. We find robust evidence that communications by central banks participating in interagency financial stability committees more effectively mitigate a deterioration in financial conditions and advert a potential financial crisis. After observing a deterioration in conditions, such central banks also transmit a calmer message, suggesting that the ability to use policy tools other than communications strengthens incentives not to just "cry wolf".
File(s): File format is application/pdf _URL_
Part of Series: International Finance Discussion Papers
Publication Date: 2021-09-10


Parameter Object
 - Behavioral
 - Extensibility
About 2 min
Intent
The syntax of Java language doesn't allow you to declare a method with a predefined value for a parameter. Probably the best option to achieve default method parameters in Java is by using the method overloading. Method overloading allows you to declare several methods with the same name but with a different number of parameters. But the main problem with method overloading as a solution for default parameter values reveals itself when a method accepts multiple parameters. Creating an overloaded method for each possible combination of parameters might be cumbersome. To deal with this issue, the Parameter Object pattern is used.
Explanation
The Parameter Object is simply a wrapper object for all parameters of a method. It is nothing more than just a regular POJO. The advantage of the Parameter Object over a regular method parameter list is the fact that class fields can have default values. Once the wrapper class is created for the method parameter list, a corresponding builder class is also created. Usually it's an inner static class. The final step is to use the builder to construct a new parameter object. For those parameters that are skipped, their default values are going to be used.
Programmatic Example
Here's the simple SearchService class where Method Overloading is used to default values here. To use method overloading, either the number of arguments or argument type has to be different.
public class SearchService {
 //Method Overloading example. SortOrder is defaulted in this method
 public String search(String type, String sortBy) {
 return getQuerySummary(type, sortBy, SortOrder.DESC);
 }
 /* Method Overloading example. SortBy is defaulted in this method. Note that the type has to be
 different here to overload the method */
 public String search(String type, SortOrder sortOrder) {
 return getQuerySummary(type, "price", sortOrder);
 }
 private String getQuerySummary(String type, String sortBy, SortOrder sortOrder) {
 return "Requesting shoes of type \"" + type + "\" sorted by \"" + sortBy + "\" in \""
 + sortOrder.getValue() + "ending\" order...";
 }
}
Next we present the SearchService with ParameterObject created with Builder pattern.
public class SearchService {
 /* Parameter Object example. Default values are abstracted into the Parameter Object
 at the time of Object creation */
 public String search(ParameterObject parameterObject) {
 return getQuerySummary(parameterObject.getType(), parameterObject.getSortBy(),
 parameterObject.getSortOrder());
 }

 private String getQuerySummary(String type, String sortBy, SortOrder sortOrder) {
 return "Requesting shoes of type \"" + type + "\" sorted by \"" + sortBy + "\" in \""
 + sortOrder.getValue() + "ending\" order...";
 }
}
public class ParameterObject {
 public static final String DEFAULT_SORT_BY = "price";
 public static final SortOrder DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER = SortOrder.ASC;
 private String type;
 private String sortBy = DEFAULT_SORT_BY;
 private SortOrder sortOrder = DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER;
 private ParameterObject(Builder builder) {
 type = builder.type;
 sortBy = builder.sortBy != null && !builder.sortBy.isBlank() ? builder.sortBy : sortBy;
 sortOrder = builder.sortOrder != null ? builder.sortOrder : sortOrder;
 }
 public static Builder newBuilder() {
 return new Builder();
 }
 //Getters and Setters...
 public static final class Builder {
 private String type;
 private String sortBy;
 private SortOrder sortOrder;
 private Builder() {
 }
 public Builder withType(String type) {
 this.type = type;
 return this;
 }
 public Builder sortBy(String sortBy) {
 this.sortBy = sortBy;
 return this;
 }
 public Builder sortOrder(SortOrder sortOrder) {
 this.sortOrder = sortOrder;
 return this;
 }
 public ParameterObject build() {
 return new ParameterObject(this);
 }
 }
}
Class diagram
alt text
Parameter Object
Applicability
This pattern shows us the way to have default parameters for a method in Java as the language doesn't default parameters feature out of the box.
Credits


Question: Why Do Deleted Emails Keep Coming Back On IPhone?
Why do my emails not stay deleted on my iPhone?
Mail App Settings Open the "Mail, Contacts, Calendars" option in the Settings app, tap the appropriate email account, then the "Advanced" button.
Tap the "Deleted Mailbox" button and select the "Trash" folder in the "On The Server" section.
The Mail app now sends deleted messages to the correct folder on the server..
Does deleting emails on iPhone delete them on computer?
IMAP allows multiple devices to access the same mailbox simultaneously, and also tells the e-mail server whether a message has been read, saved or deleted. As a result, if you delete a message on your PC, it will automatically be deleted from your iPhone, and vice versa.
Does deleting an email delete it from all devices?
If you are deleting one account from one device, then yes, your emails will be on every device they were previously on. If you are actually deleting the services and deactivating the account from one device, you will not have the emails on your other devices.
Does deleting email on iPhone free space?
Delete email attachments. Files downloaded with your email take up a lot of space, too. The solution is to delete the email account (open Settings, then Mail, Contacts, Calendar, then the account name; scroll down and tap Delete Account) — and then add it again.
How do I delete thousands of emails at once?
Click SearchUse the master check box at the top of the page to select all the emails on that page.Now a new option is shown below that master check box: All 50 conversations on this page are selected. … Click the option to select all conversations _URL_ the Trash icon to delete.
How do I get rid of an email that won't delete on my iPhone?
Answer: A: Try going into Settings > Accounts & Password > account > Account > Advanced > Deleted Mailbox, and under On The Server tap the 'Trash' folder so that it gets a tick against it – then come out of that series of popups by tapping on the relevant buttons at the top of them and see if you can now delete emails.
Why do I have to delete emails multiple times on iPhone?
This behavior is probably the result of your email program on your local computer being set up as POP3. If your email program and your mobile device are set up to utilize POP3, then each device will download "NEW EMAIL" from the server to that device.
How do I permanently delete emails from iPhone?
How to Remove Deleted EmailsOpen the Mail app and tap Back.On the Mailboxes screen, select Trash. … Tap Edit, select the specific emails you want to permanently remove, then choose Delete. … The emails you deleted are gone from the Trash folder and can't be recovered.
Where do deleted emails go on iPhone?
How to retrieve a deleted email on your iPhone if you did not recently delete itOn the Mail app, tap "Mailboxes" in the upper left-hand corner. … Tap the sixth item on the list, "Trash," next to the trashcan icon. … Open the email you wish to retrieve.Tap the arrow symbol in the bottom right-hand corner.More items…•
How do I permanently delete emails from my phone?
If you don't want a message to stay in your Trash for 30 days, you can permanently delete it. On your Android phone or tablet, open the Gmail app ….On a computer, open Gmail. You can't delete all messages from the Gmail app.In the top left, click the Down arrow .Click All. … Click Delete .
Can you delete emails twice on iPhone iOS 13?
In iOS 13, go to Settings then Mail. In Mail under Threading, enable Organize By Thread. With this option enabled, I was able to simply read/delete new mail once instead of twice. You can enable or disable the other options like Collapse Read Messages, Most Recent Message on Top and Complete Threads.
How do I delete email from multiple devices?
The only way to delete emails from all your devices at once is to set up each device with your provider's IMAP server. That way, you can log in to any device that has direct server access via IMAP (your tablet, phone, or computer) and delete emails there.
Why do deleted emails keep reappearing?
Re: Deleted emails are reappearing Pop mail doesn't delete from server or sync mail. So if something is still in the inbox depending on above settings it may display them because they are still on server when push happens. It's one way.
How do I permanently delete my deleted emails?
Open the Inbox folder, select to highlight the email messages in the Inbox folder that you will delete permanently, and press the Shift + Delete keys at the same time. 2. In a pop-up warning dialog box, click the Yes button. Then all selected email messages in the Inbox folder are deleted permanently.
Why do deleted emails keep coming back on my IPAD?
When you are in, check that the unwanted email has been deleted in your webmail. If not, you can delete it from there, to make sure for certain that it is not an issue with the mail server. Check your email settings making sure that the settings delete the message from the server after x amount of time.
How do I delete email from my iPhone and computer?
One of the way deleting the emails is by individually deleting the emails from the respective devices. Open the email account on the iPhone or computer and select the emails to be deleted and click on 'Delete'. On the iPhone Home screen click on 'Settings'. Next tap on 'Mail, Contacts, Calendars'.
Why are my emails not deleting on my phone?
Non-Gmail e-mail that you fetch on your phone typically remains on the e-mail server. That's because, unlike a computer's e-mail program, the phone's Email app doesn't delete messages after it picks them up. … Open the Email app and visit the inbox. Touch the Action Overflow icon and choose the Settings command.


Berkeley's Pulitzer-Prize-winning author Michael Chabon's latest novel, "Telegraph Avenue," has just hit bookstores to critical acclaim. But let's not forget his triumphs of the past:
1. "The Mysteries of Pittsburgh," (1988). This coming-of-age tale set during the early 1980s in Pittsburgh, Penn, was Chabon's first novel, which he began writing as a 21-year-old undergrad. One of his advisors sent it to a literary agent.
2. "Wonder Boys," (1995). Here we meet two unforgettable characters: Grady Tripp, a former publishing prodigy now struggling with infidelity and a stalled novel, and Grady's student, James Leer, a budding writer obsessed with Hollywood self-destruction. The book became a movie of the same name in 2000.
3. "The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier & Clay," (2000). Chabon won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 2001 for this novel that follows the lives of two Jewish cousins in the comics industry before, during, and after World War II.
4. "The Yiddish Policemen's Union," (2007). A hard-boiled detective story that imagines an alternate history in which Israel collapsed in 1948 and European Jews settled in Alaska.
5. "The Gentlemen of the Road," (2007). This was a 15-part serialized novel that ran in the New York Times Magazine. Chabon described it as a "swashbuckling adventure," following two Jewish bandits in Khazaria, now southwest Russia, around the year 950.
-- Angela Hill


When Your Ex Is In Contempt Of Court
28 January 2020
 Categories: Law, Blog
A divorce, especially those that involve minor children, is made up of a series of orders. A failure to abide by any of those orders can result in serious consequences for the party and one of those is being charged with contempt of court. To find out more about this offense and what it might mean, read on.
What Is Contempt?
When a party blatantly disregards the court's wishes, they may be charged with contempt of court. While many are familiar with this issue in regard to courtroom behavior, a failure to obey the judge's orders may also result in contempt. With divorce, numerous opportunities exist for contempt of court issues to arise.
Contempt in Divorce Cases
When an order is issued, it has to be followed and orders involving minor children abound within a divorce. Take a look at just some of the following examples of orders that might result in contempt of court if not followed:
 - One party is failing to return the child according to the visitation schedule or one party is refusing visitation to the other.
 - Child support is not being paid as ordered.
 - One party is allowing the child contact with unsafe parties or situations.
 - One party is failing to provide medical care for the child.
Proving Contempt of Court
Minor mistakes and disagreements may not fall under the seriousness of the contempt of court category. To meet the legal standards, the acts of the party must be willful and deliberate. You have to prove that your ex had full knowledge of the order and its specifics and that they deliberately disobeyed the order anyway. An occasional late pick-up or other issue should be dealt with between the parties and only brought before the judge when it appears the other parent is repeatedly disobeying the order.
Punishment for Divorce Contempt
If the ex is judged to be in contempt, the consequences can vary depending on the level of the offense and the impact of the act on the health and well-being of the child. Contempt in a criminal proceeding can bring jail time, but that seldom happens in a civil matter like divorce. In most cases, the offending party is officially admonished and warned to correct the behavior. If matters are not resolved in that manner, a change in custody or visitation may be ordered.
If your ex is failing to abide by orders, speak to your divorce lawyer at once.


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Publisher description for MWCalc
MWCalc is a Konfabulator Widget to calculate molecular weight of chemical formula. - Simply, it calculates molecular weight from chemical formula. - Accessary molecules like hydrate can be described with actual notation. - Simple arithmetical calculation of formulas is possible. - Can be used as one-line Perl calculator. - Calculation mode for Aqueous solution preparation.


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Micro/Nano Soft Interface Chemistry
Welcome to the Micro/Nano Soft Interface Research Group at Iona College's Chemistry Department led by Professor Sunghee Lee.
Our research group is called "Project Symphony", which came from the idea that all of our group members work together in harmony to achieve shared goals. Our laboratory uses the techniques of surface chemistry and biophysics, and currently has the following active research programs:
- Understanding the cell membrane: Our group builds artificial mimics of cell membranes, both to improve our fundamental understanding of cell membranes, and to engineer new devices inspired by nature. By contacting water droplets immersed in a solution of lipids in oil, we have developed droplet interface bilayers as a platform with unique advantages to help us achieve these goals.
- Characterization of the molecular structure of lipid membrane: We use Confocal Raman Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and Tensiometry to learn about the detailed molecular structure of lipid membranes and its structural changes upon its interaction with other molecules such as drugs, cholesterol, and proteins.
- Crystal Engineering: We create self-assembled structures of molecules at a water-oil interface to design the structure of technologically important crystals for their use in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.
Our research is funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), and several of our studies take place in collaboration with other laboratories in Japan and Italy.
* We would like to acknowledge our funding organizations which have enabled our active undergraduate research.


How do you fix Object not found in R?
How do you fix Object not found in R?
How to fix this error.
 1. Check your spelling and make sure it is the same in both cases. Used copy and paste if needed to get it right.
 2. Check to make sure that you have actually defined the object.
 3. See if there is a reason why the routine was called before you defined the object.
What does object not found mean in R?
The error means that R could not find the variable mentioned in the error message. The easiest way to reproduce the error is to type the name of a variable that doesn't exist. (If you've defined x already, use a different variable name.) ... Once the variable has been defined, the error will not occur.
How do I fix errors in R studio?
If your R code is broken or produces errors while running in RStudio, try the following:
 1. Run outside of RStudio. Test your R code by running it through the same version of R on a standard console session (RGui, R. ...
 2. Search for help. ...
 3. Problems with a certain R function or topic.
What does object of type closure is not Subsettable mean in R?
A common error in R is object of type 'closure' is not subsettable . This message means that you have a variable which represents a function, and you're mistakenly using square brackets to try and subset it, thinking that it represents a data. frame or vector or something e.g.
What is closure type in R?
The Basics of a Closure. A closure in R is an object that contains functions bound to the environment the closure was created in. These functions maintain access to the scope in which they were defined, allowing for powerful design patterns that are difficult with the standard S3/S4 approach to objects in R.
What does DF mean in R?
Number of columns and rows
Where is GLM () used?
glm is used to fit generalized linear models, specified by giving a symbolic description of the linear predictor and a description of the error distribution.
How do I import data into R?
Load Data Via R Studio Menu Items
 1. Text File or Web URL. As you can see in both the "Import Dataset" menu items, you can import a data set "From Text File" or "From Web URL". ...
 2. Selecting Data Format. ...
 3. After the Data is Loaded. ...
 4. read. ...
 5. More read. ...
 6. Assigning the Data Set to a Variable. ...
 7. read.
How do I replace missing values in R?
That means if we have a column which has some missing values then replace it with the mean of the remaining values. In R, we can do this by replacing the column with missing values using mean of that column and passing na. rm = TRUE argument along with the same.
How do I find missing values in R?
In R the missing values are coded by the symbol NA . To identify missings in your dataset the function is is.na() . When you import dataset from other statistical applications the missing values might be coded with a number, for example 99 . In order to let R know that is a missing value you need to recode it.
How do you handle missing categorical data in R?
There is various ways to handle missing values of categorical ways....The same steps apply for a categorical variable as well.
 1. Ignore observation.
 2. Replace by most frequent value.
 3. Replace using an algorithm like KNN using the neighbours.
 4. Predict the observation using a multiclass predictor.
How do I replace missing values with 0 in R?
To replace NA with 0 in an R data frame, use is.na() function and then select all those values with NA and assign them to 0. myDataframe is the data frame in which you would like replace all NAs with 0. is , na are keywords.
What is the class of the object defined by the expression x c 4 A true in R?
What is the class of the object defined by the expression x% sample_n(10)
 - Select a random fraction of rows: my_data %>% sample_frac(10)
 - Select top n rows by values: my_data %>% top_n(10, Sepal.
 - How do I use complete cases in R?
 We can use complete. cases() to print a logical vector that indicates complete and missing rows (i.e. rows without NA). Rows 2 and 3 are complete; Rows 1, 4, and 5 have one or more missing values. We can also create a complete subset of our example data by using the complete.
 What are cases in R?
 cases() function in R Language is used to return a logical vector with cases which are complete, i.e., no missing value.
 How do I subset data in R?
 So, to recap, here are 5 ways we can subset a data frame in R:
 1. Subset using brackets by extracting the rows and columns we want.
 2. Subset using brackets by omitting the rows and columns we don't want.
 3. Subset using brackets in combination with the which() function and the %in% operator.
 4. Subset using the subset() function.
 How do I select certain data in R?
 To select a specific column, you can also type in the name of the dataframe, followed by a $ , and then the name of the column you are looking to select. In this example, we will be selecting the payment column of the dataframe. When running this script, R will simplify the result as a vector.
 What is Dataframe in R?
 Advertisements. A data frame is a table or a two-dimensional array-like structure in which each column contains values of one variable and each row contains one set of values from each column. Following are the characteristics of a data frame. The column names should be non-empty.
 How do I add a variable in R?
 To create a new variable or to transform an old variable into a new one, usually, is a simple task in R. The common function to use is newvariable


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Crypt of Civilization
The Crypt of Civilization, a multimillennial time capsule, is a chamber that was sealed behind a stainless steel door in 1940 at Oglethorpe University in Atlanta. The crypt is the "first successful attempt to bury a record of this culture for any future inhabitants or visitors to the planet Earth," according to the Guinness Book of World Records (1990).
Origins of the Crypt
Oglethorpe University president Thornwell Jacobs (_PHONE_), in an article in the November 1936 Scientific American magazine,
Jacobs proposed the distant date of A.D. 8113 for the opening of the crypt. He calculated this date from the first fixed date in history, 4241 B.C., when the Egyptian calendar was established. Exactly 6,177 years had passed between 4241 B.C. and A.D. 1936. Jacobs projected the same period of time forward, arriving at 8113 for the crypt's opening, so that historians and archaeologists of the distant future could obtain a clear picture of the midpoint of history.
The Crypt of Civilization idea fascinated the American public and soon was imitated. The Westinghouse Company, which was planning a promotional event for the 1939 New York World's Fair, began a project to bury a sealed seven-foot-long torpedo-shaped vessel made of alloyed metal, which was not to be opened for 5,000 years. George Pendray of Westinghouse called the project a time capsule, and the English language gained a new term almost overnight.
Construction and Preparation of the Crypt
The Oglethorpe crypt is half underground, on the lower level of a Gothic granite building,
The National Bureau of Standards in Washington, D.C., provided technical advice for construction of the crypt and the storage of items in it. The bureau recommended that many items be stored in stainless steel receptacles lined with glass and filled with nitrogen to prevent aging. It also approved Jacobs's plan to seal the chamber with a door panel of stainless steel.
Jacobs appointed Thomas Kimmwood Peters to supervise construction of the crypt and to serve as its archivist.
In April 1937 Jacobs gave a nationwide radiocast on NBC in New York City, in which he explained the crypt as an "archaeological duty" of his generation.
Filling and Sealing the Crypt
Jacobs envisioned the crypt as comprehensive and aimed for a whole "museum" not only of accumulated formal knowledge from more than 6,000 years but also of 1930s popular culture. Inside the crypt are stainless steel canisters with microfilms of many classic works of literature, including the Bible, the Koran, Homer's Iliad, and Dante's Inferno. Producer David O. Selznik donated an original copy of the script for the movie Gone With the Wind. There are approximately 640,000 pages of microfilm from more than 800 works.
Peters used similar methods to capture and store still photographs and motion pictures.
The inventory of the crypt includes artifacts ranging from the useful (a typewriter, a radio, a cash register, and an adding machine) to the curious (dental floss, plastic toys of Donald Duck and the Lone Ranger, the contents of a woman's purse, and a specially sealed bottle of Budweiser beer). The chamber of the crypt when finished resembled a cell of an Egyptian pyramid, with artifacts on the shelves and the floor.
On May 25, 1940, Jacobs and Peters sealed the crypt in a solemn ceremony. They welded the door shut and fused onto it a plaque with an elaborate message written by Jacobs.
After the atomic bomb was dropped in 1945 the crypt's mission appeared even more unlikely. National media organizations continued to visit the crypt every decade, but by 1970 it had been virtually forgotten. In 1990, on the fiftieth anniversary of the crypt's sealing, the International Time Capsule Society was formed at Oglethorpe University. The society studies the variety of time capsule projects worldwide. The crypt with its stainless steel door regained prominence during the millennium observances from 1999 to 2001 and was featured on national television and was covered by national newspapers.
Paul Stephen Hudson, "The 'Archaeological Duty' of Thornwell Jacobs: The Oglethorpe-Atlanta Crypt of Civilization Time Capsule," Georgia Historical Quarterly 75 (spring 1991).
Thornwell Jacobs, "Today—Tomorrow: Archeology in A.D. 8113," Scientific American, November 1936.
T. K. Peters, The Story of the Crypt of Civilization ([Atlanta]: Oglethorpe University Press, 1940).
Don Troop, "Time Capsules Resurrect a Sometimes Forgettable Past," Chronicle of Higher Education 54, no. 39 (2008).
Paul Stephen Hudson, Georgia Perimeter State College
A project of the Georgia Humanities Council, in partnership with the University of Georgia Press, the University System of Georgia/GALILEO, and the Office of the Governor.


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In 1779, Ludd is supposed to have broken two stocking frames in a fit of rage. After this incident, attacks on the frames were jokingly blamed on Ludd. When the "Luddites" emerged in the 1810s, his identity was appropriated to become the folkloric character of Captain Ludd, also known as King Ludd or General Ludd, the Luddites' alleged leader and founder.
Supposedly, Ludd was a weaver from Anstey, near Leicester. In 1779, either after being whipped for idleness, or after being taunted by local youths, he smashed two knitting frames in what was described as a "fit of passion". This story is traceable to an article in The Nottingham Review on 20 December 1811, but there is no independent evidence of its truth. John Blackner's book History of Nottingham, also published in 1811, provides a variant tale, of a lad called "Ludnam" who was told by his father, a framework-knitter, to "square his needles". Ludnam took a hammer and "beat them into a heap". News of the incident spread, and whenever frames were sabotaged, people would jokingly say "Ned Ludd did it". Nothing more is known about the life of Ludd.
By 1812, the organized frame-breakers who became known as the Luddites had begun using the name King Ludd or Captain Ludd for their mythical leader. Letters and proclamations were signed by "Ned Ludd".
In popular culture
- The character of Ned Ludd is commemorated in the folk ballad "General Ludd's Triumph." Chumbawamba recorded a version of this song on their 2003 release, English Rebel Songs 1381–1984.
- Robert Calvert wrote and recorded another song "Ned Ludd," which appeared on his 1985 album Freq; which includes the lyrics:
They said Ned Ludd was an idiot boy
That all he could do was wreck and destroy, and
He turned to his workmates and said: Death to Machines
They tread on our future and they stamp on our dreams.
- Steeleye Span's 2006 album Bloody Men has a five-part section on the subject of Ned Ludd.
- The Heaven Shall Burn song "The Final March" has a direct reference to Captain Ludd.
- Alt-country band The Gourds affectionately refer to Ned Ludd as "Uncle Ned" in the song "Luddite Juice" off their 2009 release, Haymaker.
- The Scottish folk musician Alasdair Roberts sings of Ned Ludd in his song "Ned Ludd's Rant (For World Rebarbarised)" on his 2009 album, Spoils.
- Theo Simon has written a song entitled "Ned Ludd", commemorating the machine-breakers of 1811-13 and praising current direct action protest as a continuation of his ethos.
- San Diego punk band The Night Marchers included a song called "Ned Lud" on their 2013 release "Allez, Allez."
- Edmund Cooper's alternative-history The Cloud Walker is set in a world where the Luddite ethos has given rise to a religious hierarchy which dominates English society and sets carefully prescribed limits on technology. A hammer – the tool supposedly used by Ned Ludd – is a religious symbol, and Ned Ludd is seen as a divine, messianic figure.
- The novel The Monkey Wrench Gang (1975), by Edward Abbey, is dedicated to Ned Ludd.
- Anne Finger wrote a collection of short stories titled Call Me Ahab about famous disabled historical and literary figures, which included the story "Our Ned" about Ned Ludd.
- Ecodefense: A Field Guide To Monkeywrenching was published by Ned Ludd Books. Much of the content came from the "Dear Ned Ludd" column in the newsletter of the group Earth First!.
See also
- Anstey at Welcome to Leicester (visitoruk.com) According to this source, "A half-witted Anstey lad, Ned Ludlam or Ned Ludd, gave his name to the Luddites, who in the 1800s followed his earlier example by smashing machinery in protest against the Industrial Revolution."
- Palmer, Roy (1998) The Sound of History: Songs and Social Comment, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-215890-1, p. 103
- Chambers, Robert (2004) Book of Days: A Miscellany of Popular Antiquities in Connection with the Calendar, Part 1, Kessinger, ISBN 978-0-7661-8338-4, p. 357
- Hammond, J.L.; Hammond, Barbara (1919), The Skilled Labourer _PHONE_ (pdf), London: Longmans, Green and co., p. 259
- Chase, Alston (2001) In a Dark Wood, Transaction Publishers, ISBN 978-0-7658-0752-6, p. 41
- Alsen, Eberhard (2000) New Romanticism: American Fiction, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-8153-3548-1, p. 43
- George Gordon Lord Byron (2002) The Works of Lord Byron. Letters and Journals, Adamant Media Corporation, ISBN 978-1-4021-7225-0, p. 97
- Traill, Henry Duff & Mann, James Saumarez (1902) Social England, Cassell & Co, p. 841
- Coe, Jonathan. "The Gourds," The Daily Gamecock, January 20, 2009
- Theo Simon, Seize the day (lyrics), Occupy Sheffield, retrieved 2012-07-27