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EXE020---Image-(002).jpg Exel Composites
A Blend of Benefits
Hybrid composites help manufacturers get the best of both materials
Hybrid vehicles are taking the automotive industry by storm, as the growing momentum for cleaner travel is driving greener options to the forefront of the industry. As hybrids boast both a conventional engine and electric battery power, drivers get the best of both worlds. However, many aren't aware that the hybrid concept also extends to composite materials. Here, Patrick Loock, segment business owner for products and applications at leading composite technology company Exel Composites, explains why hybrid composites are the perfect mix.
By definition, a hybrid is achieved by combining two different items together so that the end result contains qualities relating to both of them. If we also think about defining composites, resin and fiber are combined to form a material that is better than the two original materials.
Hybrid composites take this one step further by combining two or more reinforcement fibers. Carbon fiber and fiberglass are commonly used, although it is possible to produce a hybrid using a variety of other fibers — such as natural ones. By using a hybrid structure, the optimum ratio of both materials' mechanical properties can be reached to cater to the needs of an individual application.
Bringing the benefits
Hybrid composites have many advantages. Using a hybrid of fibers makes it possible to combine the benefits of multiple fiber types while simultaneously reducing their weaknesses. It is thanks to these benefits that hybrids can be used across a range of industries and for a variety of products.
Perhaps the most obvious boon of using a hybrid is its economic value. Composite materials aren't particularly known for their modest budget and it's rare to see, for example, a car made with using mostly carbon fiber due to its steep price. Hybrid composites can offer a cost-cutting solution to customers, as combining carbon fiber with a less expensive fiber reduces the amount of expensive product but still allows end-users to reap its benefits.
Combining those fibers into a composite solution would undeniably enhance its robustness and create a more durable material. It is also favored for its lightweight, so combining carbon fiber with fiberglass would provide customers with an ideal option for applications where low density is an essential design consideration, such as in aerospace.
However, one of the drawbacks of carbon fiber is that it is brittle and breaks more easily upon impact. By combining carbon fiber with a more flexible fiber, such as fiberglass, manufacturers can improve the rigidity of the material and increase its impact resistance. Furthermore, carbon fiber conducts electricity — a quality that can be viewed as both an advantage and a limitation, depending on where it is applied.
Fiberglass composites, on the other hand, are insulators and can resist the flow of electric charge. It's a case of opposites attract — more carbon fiber can be applied to increase the electrical conductivity of the finished product, while more fiberglass can help insulate it for applications such as electrical enclosures, where conducting currents could damage equipment.
The where and how
The fibers in hybrid composites can be arranged in multiple ways, depending on the desired outcome. At Exel, we manufacture a range of hybrid composites using continuous processes to provide customers with an outcome that is tailored to their requirements. We would select the type of fiber that would fit your final expectation in terms of properties. Using the pultrusion method to permeate the fibers with a thermoset resin and pull them through a heated die for curing, we can manufacture hybrids in several different ways — depending on how and where customers want to use their benefits.
For example, different fibers can be mixed together so that they are evenly blended throughout the composite. We can also create hybrid profiles and tubes that are primarily made using fiberglass, with carbon fibers strategically weaved throughout the product for added strength. Another strength-enhancing option would be to manufacture a product using one type of fiber on the inside and with a strong carbon fiber outer shell. On the contrary, we can place pigmented fiberglass on the outside of the product to vary the composite's color and switch up its aesthetics.
While all these methods are possible, an understanding of the best solution for the end requirements is essential. When developing a hybrid composite, both the mechanical needs of the product and the economical limits of the customer must be considered.
Hybrids are gaining traction in industries beyond automotive because they give customers the option to enjoy new characteristics. We're often told that we cannot have the best of both worlds, but composites make it possible. Blending two materials together to form a hybrid composite doesn't only mean that we can enjoy the benefits of each material, but a combination of different fibers that creates a whole new set of qualities that cannot be achieved using just one type of fiber or one specific material.
To find out more about Exel Composite's extensive offering, including hybrid composite tubes and profiles, visit exelcomposites.com.
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Gardeners and garden architects use lava rock for water retaining and decorative purposes. The stone can be placed on pathways for a colourful design effect or used as border decoration. Smaller lava rock can be used as mulch to avoid erosion and to collect water. These are good for fire pits and water features. Lava rock retains heat which keeps the soil warm like a blanket, making it an ideal bed for plants that are sensitive to temperature changes over the day/night cycle.
These are washed. However, it will never be 100% free of silt but should rinse off easily once in place in your final project. Call us or send us a message for details.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Living With Data Literature Review
Living With Data: knowledge, experiences and perceptions of data practices carried out an extensive review of existing empirical research into public understanding and perceptions of data practices which was published on 21 May 2020. The full report, a short accessible summary, and accompanying list of references are all available from this page in the Current Research section of this site.
Interest in how the public perceives 'data practices' has grown recently. The emerging literature on public understanding and perceptions of datafication needed reviewing, to help us identify next steps for research in the field. We needed to synthesise existing evidence, evaluate whether patterns emerge, assess the claims that are made on the basis of existing research, and identify limitations and gaps that future research can address.
Living With Data therefore undertook such a review. We found:
1. People have some knowledge and understanding of data practices. Findings from both quantitative and qualitative studies suggest that people's knowledge about what happens to their data is mixed. Knowledge and understanding of data practices are varied. Some people understand some data practices, and they interpret their understanding in different ways which, in turn, leads to different levels of concern.
2. There is extensive evidence across all literature that people are concerned about data practices. This is an important finding that emerges from a lot of diverse research. Policy-makers and data practitioners need to be willing to address these concerns.
3. But this is not the whole picture: people are not only concerned. They find ways to negotiate, embed or resist data practices in their everyday lives. People often hold contradictory views about data practices, recognising their benefits and feeling concerned about potential harms at the same time. In some contexts, people feel they have some agency around their data, especially personal data that they can easily access, such as health selftracking data.
4. Emotions play an important role in understandings and perceptions of data practices. Qualitative studies recognise the significant role that feelings play in perceptions of data practices. How emotions matter varies across demographic groups. Emotions inform and are informed by reason and rational thinking, so they need to be understood as an important element in public understanding and perceptions of data practices.
5. People trust some sectors with their data more than others. The relationship between trust in institutions in general and trust in institutions' data practices is complicated, and findings are contradictory. For example, people trust the police with their data but they do not trust automated, data-driven decision-making in criminal justice practices. Qualitative research suggests that trust and distrust in data practices are not experienced separately. Trust and distrust are context-dependent, and sometimes trust and distrust coexist. Sometimes, distrust is appropriate, because trust needs to be earned. Research suggests that people believe that better communication and the existence of safeguards, accountability and transparency would make organisations more trustworthy.
6. Some responses to data practices are seen as apathy or acceptance. But responses need tobe understood in a context in which people feel unable to control the flows of their personal data, even if they want to. Some researchers see this as digital resignation, not apathy or acceptance. Using data-driven services does not mean that people accept data practices – we also saw that people are concerned about them and that people hold contradictory views about them. In addition, sometimes people resist data practices, and there are various ways in which they do this.
7. Most research finds dissatisfaction with the current ways in which data is used and managed, and a desire for this to change. A number of characteristics of changed, fairer data practices have been identified. These include:
- Honesty, transparency and genuine dialogue with the public;
- Regulation, enforcing compliance, the existence of safeguards and accountability, and the right to redress;
- Personal control.
As with people's concerns and degrees of trust, contexts of data use influence people's thinking about whether they are fair or not.
8. Because people are concerned about existing data practices, because trust in them is limited, and because people have views about how data practices could be fairer, clearly, change is needed. Views about what needs to change are influenced by research discipline and researcher perspective. Systems-focused literature recommends changes in system design, foregrounding actions that could be taken by technology providers, such as clear communication, privacy by design, and attending to complex privacy and contextual dynamics. Critical academic literature and some policy and practice-oriented grey literature identify governments as the most important enablers of change.
9. Differences matter when it comes to public perceptions of data practices. Not all data
practices are the same, and people experience them from different social positions. Research is beginning to pay attention to differences, but more understanding of them is needed. Differences matter in relation to types of data or contexts of data use and how concern about data practices differs in significance from other concerns that people have. Most importantly, social inequalities play a major role in shaping people's experiences of data practices, and therefore their understanding and perceptions of them.
10. How research is conducted makes a difference to what it finds. Research methods, the questions asked, how findings are interpreted and presented, the disciplinary background and the political orientation of researchers all play a role in shaping findings that emerge and claims that are made in the research we reviewed. Decision-making based on the evidence we have reviewed should be alert to this fact.
Three overarching conclusions emerged:
I. Data matters are human matters. This means that data-related governance
and decision-making needs to be human-centric. It needs to start with the experiences and perceptions of the people who are affected by data practices.
II. Context matters.Who gathers data, what and whose data is gathered, for what purpose and with what effects, influences people's attitudes.
III. Inequalities matter. Social inequalities influence knowledge and understanding, concerns, degree of trust and feelings about data practices.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


move the square to its position and hit the square button as fast as
you can. If you are too slow you will miss the number and it will have changed
by then. If you are fast enough this number will be locked and a couple of
combinations will turn grey above.
You will only have to watch out for those numbers you haven't locked yet.
Repeat this method until there is either only one combination left in the
larger screen, in which case you should hit the x-button to use it, or, in case
there are more combinations left, choose the one you want to try.
The figure next to the row with the moving numbers will tell you how many you
will be able to lock. If you have to abandon the hack the figure will go down
so it is advisable to save your game before hacking a computer or door. The
figure will also go down if you miss a number while trying to lock it. If the
hack fails completely you will raise an alarm.
Such a failure can also occur if you are run out of time. There is a little
stroke moving from right to left above the row of changing numbers. This is the
timer. If it reaches the left side before you are done an alarm will be the
Here some useful tips sent in by Nataly. This will make hacking a lot easier
and will propably prevent you from having to guess the correct code:
1.A.while hacking, its alot better to try to get the first # in the sequence
locked, it really narrows down all of those #'s to a single set.
1.B.when confronted by 2 or 3 sets of #'s look at the numbers you haven't
locked yet in the sequence below. The #'s that appear and dont light up are not
the #'s---obviously that means you can strike those #'s out of the remaining
sets and pick the correct set w/out having to wait for the#'s to light up.
works for me all the time... : )
 V. Walkthrough
Lighthouse: the Dungeons
CHECKPOINT. Once the opening cinema is over you'll be once again in control of
Sam Fisher.
Since there won't be an introduction to Sam's movements this time, you are
advised to check out the trainings videos in advance.
Proceed until you reach a lit area. There are no enemies around at the
moment, but you might want to shoot the light for the sake of the game. You'll
see another smaller light to the right on some rocks near the wall (don't shoot
it from a close range). Climb up there in order to find an entrance in the
wall to your right. Follow the path and enter the crawl space and exit on the
other side. Climb the wall ahead of you and encounter your first two enemies.
My advice is to stay on the platform just below the surface. One of your
enemies will eventually walk past you and turn his back to your position. Be
fast to climb up and sneak up behind him. If you do it right you will be able
to grab him and drag him with you onto the platform before his friend gets
near. Interrogate him if you feel like it, the other guard won't hear you. He
might even be stupid enough to take the same position your previous victim
did, so send them both to sleep one after another.
Now cross the bridge and follow the corridor to the right. There is a guy
practicing his shooting abilities which causes a lot of noise. Use it to your
advantage when proceeding forward. The easiest way to take him out is to shoot
the light from a safe position in the dark area near the entrance. This will
cause him to snoop around and all you have to do is to send a bullet to his
head. The more elegant solution is to get your timing right and sneak up to one
of the wooden beams underneath the ceiling. Grab it, pull yourself up including
your legs and cause the guard to come for you. Then...surprise him.
Time to use your EEV. Simply check out the crate to your left. (You will know
which crates to check out when you use your EMF - those objects which are
shining brightly are the ones you can interact with.)
Turn right and go up the stairs. Follow the corridor and you will hear someone
screaming. That guy is obviously in trouble, so lock-pick the door to the left
and prepare to take on two guards.
Here the assault solution: Hurry down the stairs and get your SC-20K ready.
Climb onto the box and send a bullet into the wall near the doorway you see
ahead. Now you will need a fast trigger finger because these boys are fast.
They will come running out of the doorway trying to get into a good position to
shoot you. They might even split up if you are not fast enough, so make sure
you are ready to shoot them the second they pass your crosshairs.
You could also wait until the guards have finished their conversation, then
one of them will go for a walk. This will give you the opportunity to take them
on one by one.
Morgenholt is most likely already dead, you can still cut him down though.
If you shoot Morgenholt Lambert won't be pleased with your good intentions...
Go back upstairs and use the medikit if you need to. Then open the door again
to see the second crate you need to scan with your EEV. Done with it go back to
where you found Morgenholt and turn right to enter the fortress.
Lighthouse: the fortress
CHECKPOINT. Use your thermal vision to checkout the tent to your right. This
guard looks busy, let's end his shift. Cut the material of the tent and grab
him from behind. You can interrogate him if you want to. Time to leave. Return
to your starting point and shoot the light above the door ahead. This will
probably cause a guard to come out. If you are fast enough you can get rid of
him straight away. Otherwise wait until he takes up his patrol again and sneak
up to the doorway. It is also possible that the guard isn't there yet, then
simply wait for his return and take him out. Hurry to hide his body, another
guard could be coming any second. (He sometimes doesn't, don't ask me why).
Check out the next door with your optic cable, but be prepared to withdraw
quickly in case he is already behind it. Once in the next yard, check out the
tent-like thing to your right. There is the third crate you need to scan. If
you want to save yourself some trouble proceed to the right and climb into the
the crawl space. Once outside use the one to the left as well. And left again.
If you take the other route which will end up at exactly the same point, you
will have to take out two guards in the next yard (or the one after that if you
let them get away in the first one). Get upstairs and pick the lock.
Quiet now! You can pass this room without any further action, simply sneak to
the left to the doorway, but if you are keen on it grab the guy on the chair
and present him with sweet dreams. If you managed to get injured somewhere
along the way use the medikit on the wall near the door you came in.
Now head down the stairs. Simply follow the corridor and go up the stairs at
its end. If you are quiet enough you can grab the technician near the computer
and interrogate him. Then scan the crate near the door you came in and use the
computer in order to delete Morgenholt's files. You can also read the listed
e-mails. Now exit through the door to the left and follow the corridor until
you reach a room with a trap door. Climb down there to enter the lighthouse.
Lighthouse: the lighthouse
CHECKPOINT. There is quite a simple way to take out the two guards ahead. Shoot
the light in the yard but stay in the room you dropped into. The guards will
come to check out what happened. Since they will be lined up one after another
all you have to do is to shoot them before they are able to react. Just aim for
the head.
Now scan the last crate which is to the left of the doorway, then head down the
stairs to the left. Follow the corridor and go down the ladder. Since you can't
open the next door climb up and jump down on the other side. Proceed and you'll
might be warned by a shadow on the wall that you are not alone. Either shoot
the guard in the back or, if he is already too far away,'switch off' the
lights. This will probably alarm him so get rid of him fast because he will be
using a flare to check out the scene. Hide his body and follow the path. One
more guard between you and the lighthouse. Shoot him from a distance otherwise
the moonlight will give you away.
Approach the lighthouse and open the door near the back. Stealth! This way you
will be able to complete your next goal of finding out where the weapons are
coming from. Sneak up to the guy on the radio, but let him finish his
conversation before starting your own with him (interrogate him).
Now climb up the ladder and use the med


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Latin for rich
Dives (Latin for rich).—The word is not used in the Bible as a proper noun; but in the Middle Ages it came to be employed as the name of the rich man in the parable of the rich man and Lazarus, Luke, XVI, 19-31. It has often been thought that in this lesson on the use of riches Christ spoke of real persons and events. The "House of Dives" is still pointed out in Jerusalem; but, of course, if such a house ever existed, it must have long since disappeared.
W. S. REILLY

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
News > Scientists reconstruct Red Sea parting
Researchers at the US National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) have produced a computer simulation that demonstrates how the parting of the Red Sea described in the Book of Exodus could have been caused by strong winds.
The study, which is part of a larger project looking into the impact of winds on water depths, was published in the open-access journal Plos One. In it, researchers produced a reconstruction of the likely geography of the Nile Delta during the Old Testament period, which has changed considerably over the intervening centuries. The researchers have identified a stretch of the Nile where a strong east wind could conceivably have pushed the river back at a bend, opening up a walkway across the exposed mud flats and allowing the Israelites to flee the approaching Egyptians.
"The simulations match fairly closely with the account in Exodus," Carl Drews of the NCAR told the BBC. "The parting of the waters can be understood through fluid dynamics. The wind moves the water in a way that's in accordance with physical laws, creating a safe passage with water on two sides and then abruptly allowing the water to rush back in."
With the burning bush also potentially linked to freak environmental conditions, it remains to be seen how much else of the bible story can be explained by meteorology.


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VMC Versus IMC Aviation Conditions
VMC and IMC are aviation terms used to describe meteorological conditions during flight. VMC stands for visual meteorological conditions, and IMC stands for instrument meteorological conditions. Although the two terms are often used interchangeably (even, sadly, among industry professionals) with the terms VFR and IFR, respectively, VMC is not the same as VFR, and IMC is not the same as IFR.
The Rules of VFR and IFR
As most pilots know, there are two sets of rules for flying any aircraft: VFR and IFR. VFR stands for visual flight rules, which constitute the set of regulations under which a pilot operates an aircraft in weather conditions generally clear enough to allow the pilot to see the aircraft is going. Specifically, the weather must be better than the basic VFR weather allowable in regards to the VMC, the visual meteorological conditions, as specified in the rules laid out by the most relevant aviation authority.
The term IFR stands for instrument flight rules. Generally speaking, the weather dictates whether the pilot chooses VFR or IFR
How VMC is Defined
Before we tackle the meaning and importance of VMC, it's worth noting that there are actually two types of VMC. For your purposes, we're going to look at the meteorological conditions and not the airspeed associated with an engine failure during multi-engine flight. This situation is denoted with a large "V" and a smaller'mc': Vmc.
The definition of VMC, according to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is meteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from cloud, and ceiling equal to or better than specified minima. Because the FAA is the national authority in regards to regulating all aspects of civil aviation in the U.S., their rules and regulations will always prevail.
The terms VMC and VFR are often used interchangeably, although VMC refers to the actual weather conditions and VFR refers to the flight rules surrounding those conditions.
For example, the prevailing visual meteorological conditions must be at least equal to what is required for visual flight rules (VFR). However, just because a flight is conducted legally under VFR conditions that does not mean that the pilot will be in VMC the entire flight, as this article explains. Losing visual references (and inadvertently entering IMC) can happen even while maintaining VFR flight. Also, a pilot can fly in VFR conditions while flying on an IFR flight plan, but the opposite is not true: A pilot cannot fly in IFR conditions on a VFR flight plan (at least not intentionally.)
How IMC is Defined
The definition of IMC, according to the FAA, is meteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from clouds, and ceiling less than the minima specified for visual meteorological conditions (VMC).
IMC is any meteorological condition that doesn't qualify as visual meteorological conditions, or weather conditions worse than VMC.
The terms IMC and IFR are often used interchangeably, although IMC refers to the actual weather conditions and IFR refers to the flight rules surrounding those conditions.
All flights in IMC must be conducted by an instrument-rated pilot and under an IFR flight plan.


Order Description
i need you to follow 20 nouns about my self introduction, Self-Identity
Part One: List of Nouns about Myself
1. Man
2. Boyfriend
3. Son
4. Meat lover
5. Student
6. Game lover
7. Brother
8. Sport player
9. Driver
10. Poker player
11. Dog lover
12. Chinese citizen
13. Cooker
14. Graduate
15. Dancer
16. Singer
17. Movie lover
18. Apple product
19. Tall
20. Fat
you need to use the nouns (not necessary all of them) to answer the the following questions.
Don't use plagiarized sources. Get Your Custom Essay on
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For TWO of your roles and relationships:
- What records do you need to make or keep of the activities associated with them?
- Why you need to make or keep such records.
- How long you need to keep the records.
- Why you need to keep them for the periods of time you have specified, eg with reference to
- issues of competencies (your capacity/authority to act in a particular role) and related rights, obligations, and responsibilities
- the need to continue to function effectively in a particular role
- fundamental needs relating to a sense of self, of identity, a place in the world.
- Whether other people might be interested in such records, eg biographers, archivists, and why.
you have to use references or made references from the following links and key readings
- McKemmish, S. (1996). Evidence of Me. Archives and Manuscripts, 24(1), 28–45.
Note that this article can be accessed:
- On the Faculty of Information Technology website:
- Or on the Records Continuum Research Group website:
- Or in Archives and Manuscripts available through Monash Library
you have to choose reference from those three links!!!!remember!!
i will also upload the specification about this only need to do part 2! but you need read all the specification word by word!


SOLIDWORKS® Support Monthly News – July 2024
Hello to all,
Welcome to the new edition of the SOLIDWORKS® Support Monthly News! This monthly news blog is co-authored by members of the SOLIDWORKS® Technical Support teams worldwide. Here is the list of topics covered in this month's Blog :
 1. SOLIDWORKS® Inspection: A guide to Edit and Create a CMM Template for your machine
 2. How to create BOM with collapsed subassembly in SOLIDWORKS® Composer™
 3. Understanding Assembly Constraints in TolAnalyst™
1. SOLIDWORKS® Inspection: A guide to Edit and Create a CMM Template for your machine
– Gaurav GAYAKWAD
In this article, we will focus on steps to take in order to create a CMM Template which can read data from your CMM machine. We will also see how to open and setup CMM Task Pane to work with same.
OPENING THE CMM TASK PANE
 1. In SOLIDWORKS® Inspection Professional standalone, open your inspection project.
 2. To turn on CMM Data Import, go to Home > Options.
 3. Go to the General page.
 4. On the General page under Add-ins, select the Measurements Input and CMM Data Import option > Apply > OK.
 5. On the right side you will see CMM Data Import task pane.
SETTING UP CMM TEMPLATES
In order to read the CMM data, we first need a template (.xml) which can read the CMM data outputted from machine (like 'Dukin.txt' generated from Dukin's CMM machine). If there is mis-match in the template that we are using and the CMM file that's generated, it will give us and error 'Failed to load one of the selected CMM results files. Please…..'.
Now this error could be due to following two reasons:
1. Machine is available in default template list :
First, we will check if SOLIDWORKS Inspection already has the template to read our CMM data (Dukin.txt).
To do so please go to the 'CMM Data Import' task pane, click 'Settings'. In the 'Settings' dialog box, to view a list of existing template names, under 'Template Control', click the drop-down arrow. Here you will find template list for more than 60 CMM machines. If you see the name of your CMM machine that please select.
If you do not find your machine in default list, please see refer word file 'CMM Template List' where I have shared list of some template that were built internally. If you find your machine, please create an SR asking the Template file (.xml).
2. Machine is not available in default template:
If your machine is not available in any of the lists of default templates. We will have to create a new template as per the output data of your machine, by editing any of the existing template which is close to your machine output.
Please download and refer the attached pdf file (Part1 and Part2), where we have explained on how to edit various templates for different machines. Following this you can create template for your machine. If you find any difficulties or any issues please contact Technical Support.
2. How to create BOM with collapsed subassembly in SOLIDWORKS® Composer™
– Rohit CHAVAN
As we all know, while creating Bill of Materials (BOM) in SOLIDWORKS®, we have multiple options like Top -level only, Parts only, Intended, which allows us to create a BOM as per the requirement. When we create BOM using Top -level only option, only the sub assembly name is listed in the BOM table along with the other top level components of assembly. Sub assembly components are not displayed. Similarly with Intended option, we have the provision to expand or collapse the sub assembly, where as per the requirement we can show or hide components of sub assembly accordingly.
In SOLIDWORKS® Composer™, though we don't have direct option to display only the sub assembly name in BOM table, this is possible in Composer™ with appropriate workflow. Normally when we create a BOM in Composer™, BOM table lists all the parts in sub assembly also, along with the parts in top level assembly, that is similar to option 'Parts only' in SOLIDWORKS®, as you can notice in the image below.
But many of our customer's has the requirement that, they only want to list the name of sub assembly instead of displaying all the parts in it, mostly because many of them use standard sub assembly procured from third party vendors, so they don't want to lists its components in detail.
So in today's blog, we will see, how we can create BOM with collapsed sub assembly.
In general, to create a BOM table with collapsed sub assembly, initially select that sub assembly, set the parent level accordingly as per requirement, generate BOM Id. If you have multiple sub assemblies, repeat the same process for each sub assembly one by one. Finally, select all the other components and follow same process, and finally create callouts and BOM table.
Let us understand this process in detail with an example:
Consider a sample 'food_processor' assembly, it has one sub assembly named 'blade shaft' which further has 3 components. Now we want to create BOM in such as way, that in BOM table, only the sub assembly name 'blade shaft' should be created along with other top level assembly components.
So to achieve this, import the assembly in Composer™, go to Workshops > BOM > in Workshops Pane > under BOM IDS > Apply to > select Selection > under OPTIONS > Definition > Parent Level > select Level 1 > in Left pane, switch to Assembly tab > select the sub assembly blade shaft > click Generate BOM IDs.
This will generate one single BOM ID for the sub assembly. You can view it in BOM tab in left pane. If you enable the Show/Hide BOM Table button, you can view the same in BOM table. Please note, here the 'Parent Level' selection is very important while creating BOM ID, as it specifies whether to create the BOM description from the actor itself (level 0) or from a parent.
Now again switch to Assembly tab in left pane > select all the other top level assembly components (i.e. all the components except the sub assembly) > in Workshops Pane > under OPTIONS > Definition > Parent Level > select Level 0 > under BOM IDS > click Generate BOM IDs.
This will generate the BOM IDs for all the other top level assembly components, which can be viewed in BOM tab.
Now the BOM IDs are generated for all the components as per our requirement. Now comes the last part where we need to generate callouts, show the BOM table in the graphics area, and adjust its size accordingly.
To achieve this, select the whole assembly from the graphics area > under CALLOUTS, click Create Callouts > click Show/Hide BOM Table. Once the BOM table is displayed, select it and adjust its size from the Properties pane under TEXT > Size
So this finally completes our process. You can notice in the image, BOM IDs are generated for all the components, similarly for sub assembly also single BOM ID is generated and only the sub assembly name (i.e. blade shaft) is displayed in BOM table.
3. Understanding Assembly Constraints in TolAnalyst™
– Tanmay KULKARNI
In SOLIDWORKS® and its tools like TolAnalyst, knowing about assembly constraints is crucial for getting designs right. Sometimes, you may find that assembly constraints aren't available for some parts while working in the TolAnalyst tool. Let's explore why this happens.
Why Tolerance Information Matters?
Tolerance information tells, how parts fit together in an assembly. It defines acceptable variations in size and shape, ensuring parts fit and work correctly. Without this info, TolAnalyst can't suggest complete constraints, which means you won't see all the needed details in your TolAnalyst study.
Why Some Assembly Constraints Aren't Available?
This happens when the features used to describe assembly mates don't have clear tolerance, or dimension information. If faces and edges used in mates don't have defined tolerances or dimensions, TolAnalyst can't analyze them properly.
Example Situation
For a visual demo, check out the video example below. In this case, the external face of part 2 which is used in defining the mates with part 3 has no tolerance information defined for it. Thus, no assembly constraints appear for it in the TolAnalyst study.

Akhil C
SOLIDWORKS User success Engineering Specialist at Dassault Systemes
Mechanical Engineer with overall 5 years of experience in mechanical domain - Academics and Industry. 4+ years in Technical Support of Computer Aided Design and Supporting SOLIDWORKS suite of products. Certifications: 3DEXPERIENCE® Collaborative Industry Innovator, 3DEXPERIENCE® Industry Innovator, 3DEXPERIENCE® 3D Creator


[25]
Test sets[edit]
For L a subset of B, a finite subset T of L is a test set for L if morphisms f and g on B agree on L if and only if they agree on T. The Ehrenfeucht conjecture is that any subset L has a test set:[26] it has been proved[27] independently by Albert and Lawrence; McNaughton; and Guba. The proofs rely on Hilbert's basis theorem.[28]
Endomorphisms[edit]
An endomorphism of A is a morphism from A to itself.[29] The identity map I is an endomorphism of A, and the endomorphisms form a monoid under composition of functions.
An endomorphism f is prolongable if there is a letter a such that f(a) = as for a non-empty string s.[30]
String projection[edit]
The operation of string projection is an endomorphism. That is, given a letter a ∈ Σ and a string s ∈ Σ, the string projection pa(s) removes every occurrence of a from s; it is formally defined by
Note that string projection is well-defined even if the rank of the monoid is infinite, as the above recursive definition works for all strings of finite length. String projection is a morphism in the category of free monoids, so that
where is understood to be the free monoid of all finite strings that don't contain the letter a. The identity morphism is ,[clarification needed] as clearly for all strings s. Of course, it commutes with the operation of string concatenation, so that for all strings s and t. There are many right inverses to string projection, and thus it is a split epimorphism.
String projection is commutative, as clearly
For free monoids of finite rank, this follows from the fact that free monoids of the same rank are isomorphic, as projection reduces the rank of the monoid by one.
String projection is idempotent, as
for all strings s. Thus, projection is an idempotent, commutative operation, and so it forms a bounded semilattice or a commutative band.
Sturmian endomorphisms[edit]
An endomorphism of the free monoid B on a 2-letter alphabet B is Sturmian if it maps every Sturmian word to a Sturmian word[31][32] and locally Sturmian if it maps some Sturmian word to a Sturmian word.[33] The Sturmian endomorphisms form a submonoid of the monoid of endomorphisms of B.[31]
Define endomorphisms φ and ψ of B, where B = {0,1}, by φ(0) = 01, φ(1) = 0 and ψ(0) = 10, ψ(1) = 0. Then I, φ and ψ are Sturmian,[34] and the Sturmian endomorphisms of B are precisely those endomorphisms in the submonoid of the endomorphism monoid generated by {I,φ,ψ}.[32][33][35]
A primitive substitution is Sturmian if the image of the word 10010010100101 is balanced.[clarification needed][32][36]
The free commutative monoid[edit]
Given a set A, the free commutative monoid on A is the set of all finite multisets with elements drawn from A, with the monoid operation being multiset sum and the monoid unit being the empty multiset.
For example, if A = {a, b, c}, elements of the free commutative monoid on A are of the form
{ε, a, ab, a2b, ab3c4, ...}.
The fundamental theorem of arithmetic states that the monoid of positive integers under multiplication is a free commutative monoid on an infinite set of generators, the prime numbers.
The free commutative semigroup is the subset of the free commutative monoid which contains all multisets with elements drawn from A except the empty multiset.
Generalization[edit]
The free partially commutative monoid, or trace monoid, is a generalization that encompasses both the free and free commutative monoids as instances. This generalization finds applications in combinatorics and in the study of parallelism in computer science.
Free monoids and computing[edit]
The free monoid on a set A corresponds to lists of elements from A with concatenation as the binary operation. A monoid homomorphism from the free monoid to any other monoid (M,•) is a function f such that
 - f(x1xn) = f(x1) • … • f(xn)
 - f() = e
where e is the identity on M. Computationally, every such homomorphism corresponds to a map operation applying f to all the elements of a list, followed by a fold operation which combines the results using the binary operator •. This computational paradigm (which can be generalised to non-associative binary operators) has inspired the MapReduce software framework.[citation needed]
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
 1. ^ Lothaire (1997, pp. 2–3), [1]
 2. ^ Pytheas Fogg (2002, p. 2)
 3. ^ a b c Lothaire (1997, p. 5)
 4. ^ Since addition of natural numbers is associative, the result doesn't depend on the order of evaluation, thus ensuring the mapping to be well-defined.
 5. ^ Sakarovitch (2009) p.382
 6. ^ Borovik, Alexandre (2005-01-01). Groups, Languages, Algorithms: AMS-ASL Joint Special Session on Interactions Between Logic, Group Theory, and Computer Science, January 16-19, 2003, Baltimore, Maryland. American Mathematical Soc. ISBN 9780821836187.
 7. ^ Sakarovitch (2009) p.27
 8. ^ Pytheas Fogg (2002, p. 297)
 9. ^ a b Sakarovitch (2009) p.26
 10. ^ Aldo de Luca; Stefano Varricchio (1999). Finiteness and Regularity in Semigroups and Formal Languages. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 2. ISBN 978-3-642-64150-3.
 11. ^ Berstel, Perrin & Reutenauer (2010, p. 61)
 12. ^ Berstel, Perrin & Reutenauer (2010, p. 62)
 13. ^ Berstel, Perrin & Reutenauer (2010, p. 58)
 14. ^ Lothaire (1997, p. 15)
 15. ^ a b Lothaire (1997, p. 6)
 16. ^ a b Lothaire (2011, p. 204)
 17. ^ Berstel, Perrin & Reutenauer (2010, p. 66)
 18. ^ Lothaire (1997, p. 7)
 19. ^ a b Sakarovitch (2009, p. 25)
 20. ^ a b Lothaire (1997, p. 164)
 21. ^ Salomaa (1981) p.77
 22. ^ Lothaire (2005, p. 522)
 23. ^ Berstel, Jean; Reutenauer, Christophe (2011). Noncommutative rational series with applications. Encyclopedia of Mathematics and Its Applications. 137. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 103. ISBN 978-0-521-19022-0. Zbl 1250.68007.
 24. ^ Allouche & Shallit (2003, p. 9)
 25. ^ Salomaa (1981) p.72
 26. ^ Lothaire (1997, pp. 178–179)
 27. ^ Lothaire (2011, p. 451)
 28. ^ Salomaa, A. (October 1985). "The Ehrenfeucht conjecture: A proof for language theorists". Bulletin of the EATCS (27): 71–82.
 29. ^ Lothaire (2011, p. 450)
 30. ^ Allouche & Shallit (2003) p.10
 31. ^ a b Lothaire (2011, p. 83)
 32. ^ a b c Pytheas Fogg (2002, p. 197)
 33. ^ a b Lothaire (2011, p. 85)
 34. ^ Lothaire (2011, p. 84)
 35. ^ Berstel, J.; Séébold, P. (1994). "A remark on morphic Sturmian words". RAIRO, Inform. Théor. Appl. 2. 8 (3–4): 255–263. ISSN 0988-3754. Zbl 0883.68104.
 36. ^ Berstel, Jean; Séébold, Patrice (1993), "A characterization of Sturmian morphisms", in Borzyszkowski, Andrzej M.; Sokołowski, Stefan (eds.), Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science 1993. 18th International Symposium, MFCS'93 Gdańsk, Poland, August 30–


text:
You get this error when two or more Oracle APEX applications have the same alias.
When you import the sample application in the same workspace and give it a different ID, the alias is changed automatically so it's unique. However when you import an application in a different workspace, the alias is not being replaced by a unique value, which might result in the error: "The application alias "X" can not be converted to a unique application ID."
There's an easy way to find where those applications are with the same alias by running the following query (as a DBA or a user with the APEX_ADMINISTRATOR_ROLE):
select workspace, application_id, application_name from apex_applications where alias = 'X'
This will give you the workspace, application id, and application name with the specific alias.


text:
TF Adaptive™ SystemEndodontic Shaping
NiTi Endo File System
TF Adaptive is the innovative endodontic file system brought to you by the inventor of the K-File, combining the intelligence of the Elements Motor with the flexibility of the NiTi Twisted Files.
- Better resistance to cyclic fatigue
- No need to switch between programmes
NiTi Twisted Files
- Better stress absorption
- Greater range of elasticity
- Reduced risk of file breakages
- Superior strength and higher durability
The elements 8:1 Handpiece
An elegant, 100% German made handpiece, featuring the reliability you expect, and the performance you demand.
- Operating speed up to 40,000 RPM
- Rust resistant stainless steel
- Smooth surface for easy cleaning
- Ball bearing design for maximum efficiency
- Smaller head for better visibility and posterior access
How does it work
Increase success with Endo, TF Adaptive canal shaping
- Slowly advance the GREEN file
- Apply single controlled motion
- Wait until the file engages with dentine
- Withdraw the file from the canal
- Repeat until the file reaches working length
Repeat the process with the YELLOW file and finally with the RED one.
How does it work
Improved debris removal
Less apical debris extruded with TF Adaptive vs wave one
Manual step-back technique extruded 207% more debris from the apex than TF Adaptive.
Wave One technique extruded 59% more debris from the apex than TF Adaptive.
*Jaramillo, D and Raydolfo, A (2013) Comparison of the Extrusion of Dentine Debris Using a New Instrumentation. Publication pending.
Fewer File Breakages
Successful endo through progressive canal negotiation
TF Adaptive helps clinicians avoid the risk of file fracture:
- Adaptive motion results in resistance to cyclic fatigue.
- Adaptive motion lessens the twisting stress on the file as well.
- TF Files' crystalline structure provide a greater range of elasticity.
- More resistance to fracture.
- Superior strength provides high durability.
Adaptation in Motion
Rotary when you want it. Reciprocation when you need it.
Start with green and stop with red
Intuitive colour-coded file identification. Colour-coded system designed for efficiency and ease of use.
Just like a traffic light...
TF Adaptive Technique
Leveraging the success of our clinically-proven Twisted File design: Rotary when you want it, Reciprocation when you need it.
Use the hand file to establish glide path and determine correct TFA file working sequence.
Why does it simplify the dental procedure?
The unique combination of NiTi Twisted Files and the Elements Motor's exclusive algorithm assures:
- Exceptional file control by switching between rotation and reciprocation as needed.
- Minimised risk of file fracture owing to a smooth
and continuous file surface.
- Using the system is as intuitive as driving!
How does it do this?
The Elements Motor Adaptive Motion Technology automatically adjusts its movement, reducing intracanal torsional forces depending on the amount of stress placed on the file.
The intuitive file identification works like a traffic light in determining the correct file working sequence: start with green and finish with red.


How To Combat A Taller Fighter In Boxing
A taller fighter can pose a whole heap of problems for boxers who are not as blessed in the height department. It is almost certain that a fighter of an average height will come up against a taller fighter at some point, so formulating a plan to tackle a taller fighter will be something you and your coach can work on even before this happens.
What Makes Taller Fighters Tricky?
Quite simply, it generally comes down to their reach. Taller fighters typically have a longer reach, which makes it difficult to get inside and score. The enhanced reach many taller fighters enjoy also makes it easier for them to establish striking range. Many fighters blessed with taller statures and longer arms, therefore, adopt a style based almost exclusively on holding their opponents off with a solid jab and landing straight shots from behind it.
When fighting a taller fighter with a longer reach, it can often feel like battling an opponent who is almost standing on a hill. The main advantage to his reach is that he can land quicker, and cut angles much faster following a successful punch. This, of course, makes things difficult for a shorter fighter. If a taller opponent is in any way aware of the perks he holds in this department – and he more than certainly will be – it could spell for a long and frustrating night. That is unless you use his strongest attributes against them.
Rather than staying on the outside and waiting for your opening, it is almost always a better option to bring the fight to the taller opponent. Simply sitting back and allowing the rangier fighter to pick you off with jabs and straights will rarely end well. The key to beating a fighter who bosses the height department is to get inside and keep the fight there, for as long as possible.
The Basics
It sounds so easy: get inside and bring the fight to them. In reality, things will be a lot trickier. A shorter fighter will invariably have to deal with both the offense and defense of a taller boxer to get within range to attack. Expect to take shots, be pushed back, tied up, hit on the way out and be forced to move in from a reset position to have any chance of being in a position to land a shot.
Employing lateral movement and feints are also important to getting inside and within range to land. Doubling up the jab, mixing in feints, and demonstrating unpredictability and variety in punches thrown, for example, can confuse the taller fighter, who may be waiting to establish a platform to counter off. Shorter steps forward also help.
A shorter fighter will also find it easier to get inside a taller fighter who is trapped in a corner, or against the ropes. This can negate their ability to take advantage of their reach, and land step-back counter punches, too. Their ability to defend against the hooks, uppercuts and close range attacks of fighters who are smaller in stature also decreases from this position of vulnerability.
Getting Inside a Taller Fighter Using Pressure
A shorter fighter will invariably need to close the distance against a taller fighter. Luckily, there are some tried and tested ways of getting close enough to land on a fighter with a height and reach advantage. This is not to say that these are foolproof blueprints by any means, and many of these techniques will need some form of modification to work, depending on the opponent.
Aim to con the taller opponent into throwing a jab, from there you can either move under it or slip to the side and counter. Your aim should be to approach your opponent, either directly or from a narrow-angle, and move under the lead punch and attack the body. Once inside, you have the opportunity to take away your opponent's legs with body shots.
A fighter who was known for his ability to neutralize taller opponents' reach and height advantages was heavyweight legend, Mike Tyson. "Iron Mike" would aggressively pressurize opponents into making errors to get inside and cause damage with hooks and uppercuts. In the example below, watch how the 5' 10" Tyson worked his way inside the 6' 5" Tyrell Biggs, often using this technique, and variations of it.
A key aspect of Tyson's technique was his exceptional head movement and peek-a-boo defense, which allowed him to bob, weave, and slip his opponent's punches to create ways inside.
Combating a Taller but Aggressive Fighter
Another example of how a shorter fighter can overcome the height advantages of his opponent is by a sound understanding the importance of distance. Floyd Mayweather Jr. was a master of creating the illusion of a shorter distance between him and his opponent. In his masterclass against the late Diego Corrales in 2001, Mayweather faced a much taller and more aggressive opponent.
One aspect of how Mayweather baited Corrales forward was by creating the illusion that he was closer than he actually was. Mayweather's technique was to allow his head to sit over his lead leg, which invited his opponent to throw a shot, before pulling back. As the defensive master had effectively conned Corrales into believing he was within range – only for his opponent to find out too late that he had, in fact, overextended – Mayweather could then land a counter punch and move out of range.
For any smaller but faster fighter looking to find a way to deal with a taller opponent who moves forward frequently, this fight is essential viewing.
Things to Remember When Dealing With a Taller Opponent
The ultimate goal is to create the distance from which to land. A fighter's methods will vary depending on the style of the taller fighter. What is generally standard practice is that a smaller fighter with a shorter reach will have to snake his way past the guard of the boxer with the height advantage.
Overhands, hooks, and uppercuts can only be thrown once the distance is right, so the aim is to keep the opponent guessing, off-balance and disrupted as possible until an opening is created.
More in Boxing
Also On Evolve
The Road To The Black Belt
The Road To The Black Belt


text:
February 9, 2013 to May 27, 2013
Inspired by the RACE: Are we so different? traveling exhibition coming to the U-M Museum of Natural History from February 9 – May 27, 2013, the Understanding Race Project is engaging three overlapping audiences in an exploration of race: campus, community, and K-12 schools.
From January through April, the Winter 2013 Understanding Race LSA Theme Semester will engage the U-M campus in courses, exhibits, discussions, performances, films, and more. Most events will be free and open to the public. Principles and goals include an understanding of race as a social construct and an exploration of the intersections of race with other identities.
Coordinating units (units represented by the five co-chairs) include:
Department of Afroamerican and African Studies, Ginsberg Center, Museum of Natural History, Program on Intergroup Relations, and School of Social Work.
Generous funding was provided by:
College of Literature, Science, and the Arts; Senior Vice Provost for Academic Affairs; Museum of Natural History; LSA Associate Dean for Undergraduate Education; MetLife Foundation; Department of Afroamerican and African Studies; Institute for the Humanities; Division of Student Affairs; Center for the Education of Women; Author's Forum; Ann Arbor Convention and Visitors Bureau; Center for Engineering Diversity and Outreach; Ginsberg Center; Program on Intergroup Relations; Andrea and David Scott; Department of English; Department of Anthropology; and Department of Sociology.
All ten school districts in Washtenaw County are participating by sending students to see the RACE exhibit, following on a "train the trainer" series to help teacher discuss race with their students before and after their visits.
Generous funding and strategic partnership was provided by the Ann Arbor Area Community Foundation, National Center for Institutional Diversity, U-M Diversity Council, Washtenaw Intermediate School District, Ann Arbor Public Schools, and James A. & Faith Knight Foundation.
To date, more than 500 people have participated in monthly, facilitated Community Conversations since January 2012. Community Conversations will continue through June 2013.
All are welcome.
The National Center for Institutional Diversity is a major funder and strategic partner.


text:
AN INTRODUCTION TO MEZCAL
Mezcal can be made from dozens of varieties of agaves,
the hearts of which are roasted in underground pits,
imparting a signature smoky flavor.
WE RAISE OUR MACHETE
Once the agave reaches maturity a quiote (flowering stalk) rises from the heart of the plant, indicating that it is ready to be harvested. The leaves are shaved off and the hearts of the agave (piñas) are taken to the palenque (distillery) to be roasted.
WE LIGHT THEIR HEARTS ON FIRE
Once the piñas arrive at the palenque, a large fire is built in an underground pit using Mesquite and Encino woods native to the area. This fire heats large volcanic rocks that line the pit and act as an oven, roasting the piñas for four to six days.
WE CRUSH THEIR SPIRIT
The newly baked agaves are then put into a circular stone pit and crushed using a heavy stone wheel (tahona) drawn by a horse.
WE WATCH THEM SIMMER
The crushed agaves are then placed in large open fermentation vats. Wild yeast in the air kick starts the fermentation process, converting the sugars into alcohol. The fibers and liquid are then double distilled using small copper pot stills.
WE PERFECT THE ESSENCE
In the case of Silencio's Joven expression, the Tobasiche and Mexicano agaves are produced separately and then blended by the mezcalero.
WE DRINK THEIR BLOOD
El Silencio is bottled at the palenque, using materials sourced from Mexico. The entire process from harvest to bottle takes roughly three to four weeks.


text:
Department of Education Issues Third Letter on Title IV Changes
May 2, 2006
Several revisions to the statutory language governing the return of Title IV funds rules are addressed in the latest Department of Education Dear Colleague letter. The letter (GEN-06-05), the final in a series of three detailing changes to the Title IV student aid programs enacted as part of the Higher Education Reconciliation Act, covers changes to student and institutional eligibility and the Student Assistance General Provisions.
Although Congress has not completed the long-delayed reauthorization of the Higher Education Act, a number of amendments to the HEA were included in the budget reconciliation bill that was enacted in early February. Several changes were made to the return of Title IV funds, or R2T4 as the rules governing the treatment of federal student aid when students withdraw during a term have come to be known. These include:
- easing the timely repayment requirements to allow institutions 45 days rather than 30 days to return unearned funds,
- limiting student repayments to the amount by which the overpayment exceeds one-half of the original grant amount,
- forgiving repayment obligations by students of $50 or less,
- requiring institutions to contact students who have withdrawn before making a post-withdrawal disbursement of a loan, and
- restricting applicability of the R2T4 requirements to the Pell, FSEOG, Federal Direct Loan, FFEL, and Perkins Loan programs, as well as the two new grant programs (Academic Competitiveness and SMART grants).
Other topics covered in the letter include a clarification of the restrictions on Title IV aid for students convicted of drug offenses, changes to needs analysis, and modification of the 50 percent rule relating to distance education.
The NACUBO contact for student aid issues is Anne Gross, vice president, regulatory affairs.
- Task Force Urges Regulatory Reform
- Legislators Take Action on Education, Charitable and Research Incentives
- Associations Comment on College Ratings System
- ON-DEMAND: How to Build, Develop, and Support a Compliance Program at Your Institution
- ON-DEMAND: Strategic Tuition Assessment and Tuition Restructuring
- ON-DEMAND: Are Shared Services Right for Your Organization – The KU Journey
- ON-DEMAND: VIRTUAL: 2014 Annual Meeting
- ON-DEMAND: VIRTUAL: Student Financial Services Conference
- ON-DEMAND: VIRTUAL: Higher Education Accounting Forum
- A Guide to College and University Budgeting: Foundations for Institutional Effectiveness, 4th ed. - by Larry Goldstein
- NACUBO's Guide to Unitizing Investment Pools - by Mary S. Wheeler
- Managing and Collecting Student Accounts and Loans - by David R. Glezerman and Dennis DeSantis


text:
Naaman The Leper 2 Kings 5 Bible Word Search Puzzles
Description: Hidden words and a puzzle to solve – your kids are going to love this Bible activity on the Story of Naaman the leper! Solving a puzzle is an incredible way to learn. Get ready for your children to learn all about 2 Kings 5 with this amazing Bible Word Search Puzzle.
More From This Lesson: 2 Kings 5 Naaman the Leper Bible Lessons for Kids
This Sunday School lesson from Sharefaith Kids centers on a Syrian commander named Naaman who suffered the disease of leprosy. After obediently following the instructions of Elijah the Prophet, Naaman was healed washing in the Jordan River three times. This kids Bible lesson from 2 Kings 5 is a powerful picture of our salvation from sin by the blood of Jesus Christ.


text: There are three described species of brine flies at GSL, but researchers think that others exist. Brine fly larvae have been known to reach numbers of 370 million/mile of shoreline in the summer. After mating, the female brine fly releases eggs into the lake, which hatch into larvae on the bottom of GSL. These larvae are free-swimming and feed off algae and detritus until they are large and fat. They then find a good substrate (bioherms or anything floating) to attach to for their pupae life stage. Just like caterpillars, brine fly larvae form a "chrysalis", or casing, before they turn into adult flies! At Great Salt Lake, brine flies seem to prefer a bioherm substrate (see Bioherms section for more information). As they emerge, flies surround themselves in an air bubble and float to the surface! Peak numbers have been reported in the billions, which isn't hard to believe when walking around the lake in the brine fly's summer peak! When spring arrives, very little light reaches the lake bottom due to massive, un-grazed algal blooms (as a result of no shrimp or flies to eat it over the winter). The shrimp eat an enormous amount of algae with the warming temperatures, and thus allow light to penetrate the water far deeper. The clear water provides sunlight for blue-green algae growth on the bottom of the lake, the brine fly larvae preferred food source. They start hatching in April/May and continue through October/November, usually peaking about 2 or 3 times. Brine fly larvae can ultimately consume up to 120,000 tons of algae and organic matter.


text:
Background: Increased susceptibility to infections has been shown in patients with classic heat stroke. Although immunologic and inflammatory responses may be important factors, the direct role of circulating neutrophil phagocytosis and lymphocyte adhesion molecule expression has yet to be investigated in exertional heat stroke (ExHS). Design: Circulating neutrophil phagocytosis and lymphocyte adhesion molecule CD11a and CD11b expression were examined in 17 patients with ExHS and 17 exertional control subjects (ExC). Results: Patients with ExHS showed significantly increased total leukocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts, attenuated neutrophil phagocytosis ability, and higher expression of CD11a and CD11b in the acute phase of ExHS, compared with the recovery phase of ExHS and ExC. Although there were no correlations between body temperature and phagocyte function or adhesion molecules, a negative correlation between phagocytosis and CD11a/CD11b was present. Conclusion: Increased leukocyte count with decreased circulating neutrophil phagocytic capacity and increased expression of lymphocyte adhesion molecules may in part explain the susceptibility to infections in ExHS.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- 醫藥 (全部)


text:
Abstract: We extend the classification of irreducible finite dimensional representations of almost simple algebraic groups over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero to certain non-connected groups $G$ where the component group is cyclic. We also extend some of Steinberg's results on the adjoint quotient $G\rightarrow T/W$ to these non-connected groups. These results are used to describe the geometry of $\theta$-conjugacy classes of $G^o$, where $\theta$ is an automorphism of the connected group $G^o$. As an application, we show that there is a "functorial" correspondence between virtual (finite dimensional) characters of $\theta$-invariant representations of $G$ and virtual characters of an endoscopic group $H$ of $G$.
Full text of the article:


CUDNN Batchnorm Backward result is not correct? Found big difference than CPU result.
We observed that the Batch Normal Backward calculation between CPU and CUDNN has big difference.
Can CUDNN expert share some information about the difference between CUDNN and CPU for Batch Normal Backward calculation?
 - The related call to CUDNN is "wrap::cudnnBatchNormalizationBackward()" (tensorflow-1.8.0/tensorflow/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_dnn.cc:Line-3138)
We are using following resources:
 - cuda-9.0.176.3
 - cudnn-9.0-linux-x64-v7 (libcudnn.so.7.0.5)
 - Nvidia TITAN V (V100), with nvidia-driver-x86_64-390.77.run (on Ubuntu-16.04)
 - tensorflow-gpu-1.8.0
Please check below for the detailed background:
When evaluating batch normal BACKWORD float16 calculation with CUDNN(Volta Tensor Core) and CPU:
We firstly dump a data set from a real model run (with CUDNN) then feed into following four standalone tensorflow scripts and got four outputs:
 1. CUDNN-with-input-float16, output-float16
 2. CUDNN-with-input-float32, output-float32-then-convert-to-float16
 3. CPU-with-input-float16, output-float16
 4. CPU-with-input-float32, output-float32-then-convert-to-float16
We expect that the four float16 outputs are very close and no big difference, but the real finding is:
 - the output 1 and 2 has no difference with the real reference data, (which proves the data is correct)
 - there's no difference between output 1 and 2
 - there's no difference between output 3 and 4
 - difference between 3(or 4) and 1(or 2) is unexpectedly big (average relative diff is about 67%)
Our concerns are:
 1. why the difference is such big between 3(or 4) and 1(or 2)?
 2. does the difference has any side effect to the convergence for models using CPU-float32 calculation?
Could any CUDNN expert share any info about the difference between CUDNN and CPU calculation for Batch Normal backward?


text: Na12[(AIO2)12(SiO2)12] • X H2OMolecular Sieve Type 4A, the sodium form of the Type A Crystal structure, is an alkali metal alumino-silicate. Available in powder, pellets, mesh and beads for static dehydration in a closed gas or liquid system. Used in packaging of drugs, electronic components, and perishable chemicals; and as a water scavenger in paint and plastic systems. Type 4A is also used commercially in drying saturated hydrocarbon streams.The sizes of both Mesh and Beads are specified jointly by the screen sizes that the material will pass through and retained by. For example, a 14 x 30 mesh product will pass through a 14 mesh screen, and be retained by a 30 mesh screen. Listed below are the screen openings for some common screen sizes.


text:
Demonslayer is a famed two-handed sword, its primary function as clear as its name. It was brought down to Exile in the First Expedition, wielded by Karzoth (whose name literally means "Demon-Slayer" in a debased version of Soruharva). When the First Visitation failed, Karzoth was slain by a Haakai, and Demonslayer broke into three parts. The hilt was taken by the Nepharim, the blade by the Dark Slithzerikai, and the tip by the lich Drath to his crypt in the west. After the Kingdom of Avernum was established, the three pieces were eventually found again by Hawthorne's Assassins and reforged by Boutell. It was used by adventurers to defeat Adze-Haakai and to finally banish the power of Grah-Hoth. It also figured in a prominent role in both the assault on Garzahd during the Empire-Avernum War and the assault on Rentar-Ihrno during the Vahnatai retribution.
In the first Avernum game, Efram in Silvar (Or, alternatively, his wife, Anastasia, who will tell you to speak to him about it), will tell you about the existance of this sword, and how it was taken by a group of adventurers, and that noone knows the location of this sword anymore.


Title The atmospheres of Triton, Pluto and other transneptunians (TNO) Pi E. Lellouc Time 432 hrs 1. Name of program and authors Title: The atmospheres of Triton, Pluto and other transneptunians (TNO) Authors: E. Lellouch 2. One short paragraph with science goal(s) Abstract: Triton and Pluto have detectable tenuous atmospheres with ~10 microbar pressure. These primarily N2 atmospheres exhibit slow time variation due to volatile migration and surface temperature changes. ALMA can search for new species in these atmospheres, in particular CO and HCN. Similarly the largest known TNOs, whose sizes are ~2000 km, may be able to retain atmospheres, and search for CO is warranted. This search could include Pluto's satellite Charon. If, as expected, CO is detected on Pluto and Triton, atmospheric circulation might be measured from Doppler shifts. 3. Number of sources : ~5-10 Pluto Triton Charon Eris 2003 EL61 2003 FY9 4. Coordinates: 4.1. Rough RA and DEC Variable 4.2. Moving target: yes/no (e.g. comet, planet,...) Yes. Comet-like ephemerides may need to be implemented 4.3. Time critical: yes/no (e.g. SN, GRB,...) No 4.4. Scheduling constraints: (optional) 5. Spatial scales: 5.1. Angular resolution (arcsec): 0.03-0.1 Note: In general, the resolution here is not what is required during observation, but rather the size of the body, which is what is needed for the brightness temp rms calculation. These are point source detections - i.e., we don't *want* the body resolved (any resolution *worse* than this is OK). For Pluto and Triton (0.1" in size), though, a ~0.03" resolution would be needed to map CO and investigate winds from Doppler shifts. 5.2. Range of spatial scales/FOV (arcsec): FOV = 0.03-0.1 (optional: indicate whether single-field, small mosaic, wide-field mosaic...) 5.3. Required pointing accuracy: (arcsec) 0.1 6. Observational setup 6.1. Single dish total power data: no Observing modes for single dish total power: wobbler switch (e.g., nutator switch; frequency switch; position switch; on-the-fly mapping; and combinations of the above) 6.2. Stand-alone ACA: no 6.3. Cross-correlation of 7m ACA and 12m baseline-ALMA antennas: beneficial 6.4. Subarrays of 12m baseline-ALMA antennas: no 7. Frequencies: 7.1. Receiver band: Band 6, 7 7.2. Lines and Frequencies (GHz): CO J=2-1 and 3-2 HCN J=3-2 and 4-3 7.3. Spectral resolution (km/s): 0.05 7.4. Bandwidth or spectral coverage (km/s or GHz): 0.5 GHz 8. Continuum flux density: 8.1. Typical value (Jy): 30-40 K 8.2. Required continuum rms (Jy or K): 0.1 K 8.3. Dynamic range within image: (from 7.1 and 7.2, but also indicate whether, e.g., weak objects next to bright objects) 8.4. Calibration requirements: absolute ( 10% ) repeatability ( 10% ) relative ( 10% ) 9. Line intensity: 9.1. Typical value (K or Jy): 10 K (?) 9.2. Required rms per channel (K or Jy): 1 K 9.3. Spectral dynamic range: 9.4. Calibration requirements: absolute ( 10% ) repeatability ( 10% ) relative ( 10% ) 10. Polarization: no 10.1. Required Stokes parameters: 10.2. Total polarized flux density (Jy): 10.3. Required polarization rms and/or dynamic range: 10.4. Polarization fidelity: 10.5. Required calibration accuracy: 11. Integration time for each observing mode/receiver setting (hr): 24 hr per planet and line. 12. Total integration time for program (hr): 432 hr (~3 lines x 6 objects x 24 hours) 13. Comments on observing strategy : -------------------------------------------------- Review v2.0: Review 4.1.1-4.1.8 The only question I have with regards to these projects is the use of ACA cross-correlated with ALMA-12m. Several projects list this option as'required' or as 'beneficial', but no arguments are given. - When listed as'required' does this mean that the observations are mosaics, and that the ACA is needed to provide the intermediate scales? If so, are the cross-correlations with the ALMA-12m antennas needed, or could simultaneous ACA-7m-only observations also suffice? - When listed as 'beneficial' is this purely for S/N reasons or also for uv-coverage? The cross-correlation option is fairly demanding on the scheduling, and unlikely to be used unless absolutely necessary.


Patient Organizations
Ultimately, a therapy is effective only if it treats the clinical issues that matter to patients. NTAP works with patient organizations to enable global clinical studies (e.g., natural history studies, patient reported outcome measure initiatives), thereby identifying patient priorities and ensuring that therapeutic development programs are focused on addressing these key needs.
NTAP fosters relationships across research initiatives where collaborative efforts generate reagents and resources that will accelerate the development of potential therapies against plexiform neurofibromas (pNFs).
Our partners include:


File Exchange > DataAnalysis > Compare Datasets
Author:
OriginLab Technical Support
Date Added:
3/25/2016
Downloads (90 Days):
369
Last Update:
3/14/2018
Total Ratings:
1
File Size:
64 KB
Average Rating:
File Name:
Compare Datasets.opx
File Version:
1.2
Minimum Versions:
2016
License:
Free
Summary:
Compare parameters across multiple datasets, or compare multiple datasets using a nonlinear model.
Screen Shot and Video:
Description:
Purpose
This tool can be used to:
 - Compare parameters across multiple datasets.
 - Compare multiple datasets using a nonlinear model.
Two algorithms are provided for comparison: Akaike Information Criteria(AIC) and F-test.
Installation
Download the file Compare Datasets.opx. Then drag-and-drop the file onto the Origin workspace. An app icon will appear in the Apps gallery.
Operation
 - Select multiple data columns in a worksheet, or start with a graph of the desired datasets. Then press the App icon to open the dialog
 - Select fitting function
 - Select whether to compare the datasets, or compare the fit parameters
 - Press "Fit Control" button to open a dialog where you further control the fit if required. In this dialog, you can fix parameters, or share parameters between datasets when comparing parameters. A preview graph with current fit results will also be displayed
Algorithm
When comparing one specific parameter (or datasets), we are actually comparing two models. For one model, the parameter value can vary among different datasets, this is the more complicated model. For the other, the parameter values are assumed to be same for all datasets, this is the simpler model. When comparing a parameter, the more complicated model corresponds to independent fit for each dataset and the simpler model corresponds to global fit with the parameter shared.
When comparing datasets using a fit model, the more complicated model corresponds to independent fit for each dataset while the simpler model corresponds to a function with all parameters shared in all datasets.
1. Akaike Information Criteria(AIC)
For each model, Origin calculates the AIC value by:
where RSS is residual sum of squares for that model, N is the number of data points, K is the number of parameters.
For two fitting models, the one with the smaller AIC value is suggested to be a better model for the datasets, and then we can determine whether parameter values to be compared are same.
We can also make decisions based on the Akaike's weight value, which can be computed as:
Here i=1 represents the simpler model and i=2 represents the more complicated model. and are the AIC values of the two fitting models, respectively.
If is larger than , we can conclude that parameter values to be compared are same, otherwise parameter values are different.
2. F-test
Suppose the sum of RSS and the sum of df (degrees of freedom) of the simpler model fit are and those of the more complicated model fit are .
We can compute the F value by:
Once the F value is computed, Origin calculates the P-value by:
This P-value can be used to determine whether parameter values to be compared are different. If the P-value is greater than 0.05, we can conclude that parameter values to be compared are not significantly different.
Updates:
v1.2: fixed color issue for preview plot
v1.1: preview with same scale as source graph
Reviews and Comments:
06/20/2016erichdz This App is great; can the datasets be compared without the use of a function?
Thank you,


text:
The Social Significance Of Ghana's 2002 District Level Elections – In The Upper East Region
"This paper attempts to analyse the social structure of the District Assemblies created by the District Assembly Elections of 2002. The Upper East Region of Ghana, which is the poorest region in the country, is the focus of the study. The analysis is situated against the background of the social, economic and political conditions of the region at the time of the District Assembly Elections of 2002. It was discovered in the study that some 61% of the 270 people who were elected to the District Assemblies were mainly teachers and farmers, and that out of thirtyfive women candidates only seventeen, or 48.55% were successful. In addition, only one out of ten disabled candidates was able to make it to the Assembly. The Assemblies created by the Election of 2002, therefore, are predominantly constituted by able-bodied male teachers and farmers. Both society and Government have a major responsibility to ensure that more women get elected in future elections, to ensure their full and free participation in Ghana's democratic political system."


text:
2022-2023 winter season in the Caspian Sea has closed on 19th of March. It started on 29th of November and lasted for 108 days which makes slightly shorter than the average duration of 119 days. There were several cold spells during the season. The first moderate spell in the end of November and first part of December resulted in level ice thickness growth up to 25 cm along the northern shore. The second cold spell in January has seen average daily air temperature to drop to -20'C resulting ice thickness to increase up to 40cm. Just below 600 FDD were accumulated in Peshnoi area. Maximum level ice thickness has reached about 45 cm along the Northern shore and 30-35 cm in Saddle area by middle of February. Fast reduction of ice volume was observed in the beginning of March resulting in ice disappearance by middle of the month.
Ice Season from Space
Scroll through selection of remote sensing images below to see how ice cover developed through the course of winter.


On 24 Oct 2012 14:10, Vinay Gavankar wrote:
Without having to define every printable character I see in the
Define "cannot run SQL on production box". Does that mean STRSQL is not available? If that is what is presumed to be preventive for running SQL, then that is a false inference. There are many ways to use\run SQL besides via STRSQL. Anyhow...
Create a translate table which maps all of the decidedly "printable characters" to the same weight, to a blank [i.e. x'40']. What that list of characters is unknown or at least ill-defined to us, the readers; i.e. outside whatever are your thoughts [not yet] expressed on the matter. With Query/400 specify that conversion\translation table in the Define Collating Sequence [4=xlate table], and be sure the processing option is set to apply the collating sequence generally to the comparison against the string of one blank. In this manner, a comparison to the single blank is padded with blanks for comparison with either blanks or non-printable characters; request records where the string is not equal to the blank... because all printable characters were mapped to blank. Of course an inverse translate table with a negative of that predicate is just as workable.
There are other means to do similar, but that all depends on what the real goal is. While the task described is fairly specific, that task might not closely reflect the actual overall intent. For example one might intend to prevent "non-printable" characters from being spooled, so as to prevent printer issues. However in that case, probably better to use the RPLUNPRT [Replace Unprintable characters] feature of the printer file rather than the database. Other specifics of the scenario including how many fields and records may influence what might be considered as perhaps /better/ means to accomplish the desired goal, if indeed the specific task may not reflect the exact goal.
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text:
This project examines the theatrical spaces of holy graves in Shi'a Islam and Roman Catholic Christianity and the rituals connected with them - rituals which range from public events to personal experience. The space, which carries the grave and the dead into the realm of the living, also attests to the transition from the public practice of rituals of faith to the reproduction of religious acts in private.
The actors in these rituals are people committed to their faith. Without religious beliefs, they would not be able to carry out their role authentically as part of the ritual and could not reproduce the same effect in the religious acts. Both the religious practitioners and the theatrical space they use to practice their faith create an array of performative acts, which can be studied as a theatre.
The construction of holy craves and mausoleums creates a space that is sanctified to bear a dead body. A mausoleum is, furthermore, a space to see and be seen. The connection between Roman-Catholicism and Iranian-Shi'a makes the space's basic characteristics even more obvious, especially when two specific geographical places are contrasted. Both places date back to ancient times and were built near water. One is Napoli (Naples) in southern Italy and the other is Rasht (Resht) in the north of Iran.
The latter is an extraordinary setting and was home to multiple religions before Islam reached northern Iran. The hybrid identities that exist as part of a performing culture can be analysed through their various acts, in this case ritual. Two different important examples are the shrines of Imam's Sister and of Danay-e Ali, both located in Rasht. The first shrine is dedicated to a female saint and the second to a prophet-like Sufi. Both are the most important theatrical spaces in the project's focus on Shi'a rituals.
For the case of Roman-Catholic Napoli, the Miracle of Saint Januarius (San Gennaro) might be considered the most significant example of theatrical space for religious acts in this context. During this ritual, that takes place multiple times a year, thousands of Neapolitans gather to witness the dried blood of Januarius, the city's patron saint, liquefy. The martyr's blood and the process of its melting are meant to safeguard the city and prove that Januarius is the city's most important patron.
The project aims to analyse theatrical systems rooted in religion thought. They work and communicate, like all theatrical systems, with the means of textual and performative elements. Transcendence and immanence as theatrical acts are the two most important in the case of religious rituals; they are the main reason why a ritual can be repeating itself, without losing their Audience, the believers.


text:
Banks, mortgage lenders, potential landlords and government agencies routinely verify income before making finance-based decisions. As an employer, either you or a representative from human resources or payroll writes the letter on an employee's behalf. However, if you're self-employed or are writing a letter to verify additional income, you'll need to write the letter yourself. Regardless, understanding the essentials can ensure the letter contains only relevant information.
A Letter Written on an Employee's Behalf
A proof of income letter written on an employee's behalf should be on company letterhead. Although it's not always necessary, a letter for a bank or mortgage lender may also require a company seal or a notary public stamp. The only information it should contain is the person's name, employment status -- full-time or part-time -- current job title, base annual salary and a statement as to whether the person is a permanent or temporary employee. The letter should end with the date, title and signature of the company representative issuing the letter.
Video of the Day
A Self-Written Letter
Except for a few modifications, a self-written proof of income letter has the same requirements as a letter written by an employer. As a self-employed person, use letterhead and include a statement as to how long you've been in business. A personal letter written to verify supplemental income should identify your income sources and attach any required verification documents such as tax returns, bank statements, or a Social Security, child support or worker's compensation award letter. Depending on the requestor's requirements, you may also need to specify how long you expect the income to continue and have the letter notarized.


text:
Our social fondness for Chinese takeaway is profound. So deep that you may locate a Chinese restaurant or two even in the smallest of villages. And the cuisinesavory, fulfilling, and rich with many textures and flavorsis always ready in a matter of minutes!
Chow fun and chow mein are two of the most popular meals on Chinese restaurant menus, yet they are often confused or mistaken for one another. That's understandable! Apart from their titles sounding identical, both dishes look similar, particularly when wrapped into those lovely little Chinese takeaway containers.
Be assured, chow mein and chow fun are separate foods, both worth trying for different reasons. Let's get started!
- Chinese Food Comes to America
- Similarities Between Chow Fun & Chow Mein
- Differences Between Chow Fun vs. Chow Mein
- Other Chinese Noodle Dishes:
- Chow Fun & Chow Mein: Other FAQs
- Chow Mein and Chow Fun: The Takeaway
- What is the difference between chow mein and chow fun?
- Is vegetable chow fun the same as lo mein?
- Is chicken chow mei fun the same as chow mein?
- Which is healthier lo mein or chow fun?
- What are the two types of chow mein?
- Why is there two different types of chow mein?
- Is Panda Express chow mein or lo mein?
- Is chow fun always rice noodles?
- What is the healthiest Chinese food?
- What does chow fun taste like?
Chinese Food Comes to America
When the big gold rush drew enormous numbers of Americans to the West Coast in the mid-nineteenth century, Chinese food came to the fore. Realizing the unexpected emergence of a whole sector, as well as the expanding wealth of chances, many Chinese immigrants made the trek across the Pacific Ocean to establish a variety of successful enterprises and services. Chinese cuisine restaurants were, of course, one of these successful ventures. It took some time, but Chinese restaurants and takeouts gradually acquired appeal among Americans as well, since the cuisine was inexpensive, unusual, and, most importantly, seductively tasty.
Is Chinese Food Actually Chinese?
One major concern that many people appear to have is the authenticity of what we call Chinese cuisine. Although it is true that certain westernized Chinese restaurants use ingredients and taste profiles oriented toward American palates, it is debatable if Chinese cuisine is in fact genuine. The first Chinese meal created in the United States was prepared for fellow Chinese immigrants who lacked access to many of the traditional components. As a consequence, replacements were made and new dishes were created, giving rise to what we now call Americanized Chinese cuisine.
Many Chinese chefs now have the potential to integrate traditional products and culinary traditions into their restaurants overseas, thanks to globalization and ease of access. Genuine Chinese cuisine continues to get well-deserved attention, but our affection for American-Chinese cooking (luckily) remains strong!
Similarities Between Chow Fun & Chow Mein
Now that we've covered the fundamentals of Chinese food in the United States, we can move on to the true stars of the show today: chow fun and chow mein.
While scanning the menu at your favorite Chinese takeaway, you'll note that each of these meals start with the word chow. This term translates to fried and refers to how the food will be prepared rather than what is in them. Thus you can expect that both of these meals will be prepared by frying or stir-frying.
Another connection between chow mein and chow fun is that both recipes start with noodles and are then topped with a variety of different toppings. The noodles may change (which we shall discuss shortly), but each of these meals will have the same overall composition: fried or stir-fried noodles served with a variety of meats, seafood, veggies, and a soy sauce-based sauce to bring it all together.
The noodles in each of these noodle recipes must be partly cooked before they can be fried or stir-fried. Pre-cooking time and manner may vary based on the kind of noodle used, but this step is critical to the success of both noodle meals.
Differences Between Chow Fun vs. Chow Mein
We've established that chow fun and chow mein are both fried noodle meals with a similar look, particularly when topped with a variety of meats, veggies, soy sauce, and other seasonings. Yet, the similarities stop there! There are several factors that distinguish these two dinners from one another.
Chow fun is said to have originated in China's Guangzhou region, where it is known as ho fun in the local dialect. Chow fun is still a very famous dish in Guangzhou, which is situated in Southern China. The chow fun noodle dish has gone outside China, with variants available in neighboring countries such as Vietnam and Thailand.
Chow Fun Rice Noodles
What about the fun now that we know chow refers to a manner of preparation? Actually pronounced foon, this refers to the sort of noodles you may anticipate in your noodle meal! Wide and flat rice noodles, similar to the Italian pasta fettuccine, are used in this example of chow fun. Rice noodles have a delightfully chewy texture and a slick surface when cooked, making them all too easy to slurp down!
Chow fun flat rice noodles are available in both dry and fresh forms, with each requiring a distinct cooking procedure. Fresh rice noodles are ready to use right away; just put them into your stir fry or pan. Dried rice noodles, on the other hand, must be soaked in extremely hot water for 8-10 minutes (or until flexible and malleable) before cooking.
How to Make Chow Fun
It's all about the stir fry once you've prepared the noodles! Chow fun meals are frequently featured with delicate slices of beef, although other meats like as roast pig, shrimp, or chicken are also options.
The beef is fried in a blazing hot wok with vegetable oil and plenty of crunchy vegetables including carrots, onion, and cabbage. When the meat and veggies have been thoroughly stir-fried, the soaked rice noodles are added and quickly stir-fried over high heat before being seasoned with savory condiments such as soy sauce, oyster sauce, or hoisin sauce. Crunchy bean sprouts are sometimes added immediately before the meal is served!
Chow mein's roots are less apparent than those of chow fun. Chow mein is said to have originated in Northern China, while the exact location is unknown. What we do know for certain is that chow mein is one of the most popular meals in China, as well as in Chinese restaurants across the globe.
Chow Mein Egg Noodles
As previously said, fun means that a meal will have rice noodles. So, what kind of noodle can we anticipate in a meal called mein? Egg noodles from China! Egg noodles that are spherical and rather thin, similar to spaghetti or ramen noodles.
Egg noodles, like rice noodles, are available both fresh and dried. Again, fresh noodles are ready to use right away, but dried noodles must be pre-cooked before being added to the stir-fry. Nevertheless, merely soaking egg noodles in hot water will not soften them enough; instead, they must be boiled in boiling water for 3-5 minutes before draining and frying.
How to Cook Chow Mein
Chow fun's rice noodles are just briefly stir-fried and, by definition, do not acquire much crispness. When it comes to making chow mein, egg noodles become crispy and are fried in one of two methods.
To crisp the noodles, add them to the stir fry along with the meat and veggies, swirling them about and allowing all of the items to cook and crisp together. This method is similar to that of making chow fun, except that the egg noodles are fried for a longer period of time and so gain some crispness.
The second most common approach is to heat vegetable oil in a wok and add the noodles all at once, holding them together so they cook into a huge noodle pancake, similar to a large hash brown patty or potato pancake! This will produce a crisp and crispy fried noodle outside with a soft and tender core. The stir-fried meat, veggies, and spices are then placed on top of the fried noodle pancake.
What kinds of meat and veggies are often used in chow mein? Chicken is a popular choice, but other delectable possibilities include tofu, pig, and lobster, among others! The beef is often served with vegetables such as cabbage, bok choy, and sugar snap peas. Chow mein is less saucy than chow fun, but it still has lots of savory sauce components, such as sesame oil and rice wine, as well as oyster sauce and soy sauce.
Other Chinese Noodle Dishes:
Oh, we've met again! Lo mein, like chow mein, is a meal made of egg noodles. Lo mein noodles are thicker than chow mein noodles, but they have the same ingredients, savory taste, and soft texture.
Unlike chow mein, the noodles in a lo mein meal are not fried (no crisping here! ), but rather boiled and then combined with other stir-fried ingredients. Since lo mein noodles are bigger and softer, they absorb a lot of whatever they're tossed with. Lo mein sauce often contains ingredients such as sesame oil, garlic, ginger, and soy sauce. Most lo mein recipes will feature veggies like sugar snap peas and bell peppers, and some may also include protein like beef or chicken!
Mei Fun or Mai Fun
Mai fun noodles are also known as rice stick noodles and rice vermicelli noodles. Things become even more complicated since this sort of noodle seems like a cross between mein and fun, but you can rest certain that they are rice noodles! Noodles mei fun or


text:
PRESS- RELEASE. Migration and remittances – as an opportunity for climate change adaptation in Tajikistan
March 31, 2016 the National Stakeholder Workshop "CONNECTING POLICY MAKING TO SCIENCE: Opportunities for migration, remittances and climate resilience in Tajikistan" will take place in Dushanbe. The workshop will be held in the frameworks of the project "Migration, remittances, adaptation and resilience in arid and semi-arid regions of Senegal and Tajikistan", which is one of the research packages of the multi-country research initiative "Pathways to Resilience in Semi-Arid Economies or PRISE" implemented by CAREC.
Climate change is one of the global concerns of humanity and sustainable development. Cost of no-action may lead to irreversible consequences and losses in many countries, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Tajikistan is not an exception. Experts estimate that the country is the most vulnerable to climate impacts in comparison with other countries of Eurasia, and is characterized by complicated socio-economic conditions, high level of poverty and dependence on migration remittances. Mountainous terrain (93% of the territory of Tajikistan is covered by mountains) determines the risk of increased frequency of natural disasters due to climate change, and poses a threat to food and energy security.
Nowadays observations suggest that remittances are mostly used to support livelihoods and satisfy basic needs of households. The share of remittances is also used to generate revenues from economic activities, including entrepreneurship, farming, agriculture, etc. On the other hand, there are cases when remittances play a critical role in reconstruction of damaged households after natural disasters. In times of climate change, the frequency and intensity of natural disasters will increase, and require more allocation of migrant inflows to reconstruction activities. In order to avoid episodic peaks in short-term private investments, there is a need to introduce a number of policies and measures, which would provide an enabling environment for the migrant remittances to grow up and be accountable for a long-term climate-resilient development.
In this context, CAREC team in collaboration with national partners in Tajikistan and international experts of PRISE initiative is conducting a research to determine a role of migrants and the state of private investments through remittances, which contribute to a climate-resilient development at the household level in Sughd and Khatlon provinces, as well as within the Regions of Republican Subordination (RRS). The science-based approach of the project is considered important for the formulation of effective policy measures, especially in times of current exposure of the country to environmental and climate challenges.
The project innovation is to consider migration as an opportunity for climate change adaptation, and generate new knowledge on how economic development in arid and semi-arid countries can be more resilient to climate change.
Key objective of the National Stakeholder Workshop is to introduce the research project on migration, remittances, adaptation and resilience in arid and semi-arid regions of Senegal and Tajikistan to a broader range of the national and international stakeholders in Tajikistan, and ensure a tandem of science and policy making.
Venue: Conference hall of the State Library, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
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