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tension(redirected from arterial tension)
Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical, Legal.
Related to arterial tension: arterial oxygen tension
1. Physics a force that tends to produce an elongation of a body or structure
2. Physics voltage, electromotive force, or potential difference
3. a device for regulating the tension in a part, string, thread, etc., as in a sewing machine
A pulling or stretching force in line with the axis of the body; the opposite of compression, which is a pushing, crushing stress.
The condition of a string, wire, or rod that is stretched between two points.
The force exerted by the stretched object on a support.
A device on a textile manufacturing machine or a sewing machine that regulates the tautness and the movement of the thread or the fabric. Also known as tension device.
The state or condition of being pulled or stretched.


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Tribute to Grandpa "Black Cat Sheriff" The China Animation Museum launches the first activity of the Growth Plan for Chinese Young Anime Artists
City Express News October is the birthday month of Dai Tielang, a famous animation director, screenwriter, and artist in China. Mr. Dai is called the "Black Cat Sheriff" grandfather. Many popular animation works such as "Dolphin", "Shepherd Flute", "Black Cat Sheriff" and "Nine-Colored Deer" have made positive contributions to the "Chinese School" in the animation industry. Yesterday afternoon, the China Animation Museum held a commemoration of the birthday of Dai Tielang and the launch of the new book "Dai Tielang-The Dream of Immortality", which is the growth plan of young anime artists in China.
In memory of Mr. Dai, the guests on stage choked up a few times
"Dai Tielang-The Dream of Immortality" was created by the first Chinese young animation artist Yang Chenxi in 2021 and three college animation teachers, Lu Jiangyun, Zhang Yipin, and Chen Xiaomeng. It reviews the artistic life of Mr. Dai Lao and uses Dai Tielang's oral history. As a basis, combined with the archives of the China Academy of Art and Shanghai Fine Arts Film Studio, supplemented by the interview data of 24 personal witnesses, the live behind-the-scenes of the animated film directed by Dai Tielang is disclosed to readers, and a large number of unpublished manuscripts and original paintings of Dai Lao are presented. , Let readers know more stories outside of the film.
At less than 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon, more than 100 people from Mr. Dai Tielang's former friends and representatives of teachers and students from colleges and universities gathered in the theater on the 4th floor of the China Animation Museum to watch the documentary short film "About Dai Laohe" produced by the new book creation team. I also listened to Li Baochuan, director of the animation department and associate professor of Hangzhou Normal University, Feng Yusong, former director of Shanghai Fine Arts Film Studio, and Yin Xiyong, former Shanghai Fine Arts Film Studio and producer of "Black Cat Sheriff", and other guests, together with the author team To share the influence of Dai Lao and the writing process of "Dai Tielang-The Dream of Immortality". When sharing some details about getting along with Mr. Dai, several guests on the stage choked up for a while, and some audiences off the stage were also deeply moved and couldn't help but blush. When talking about the most valuable qualities passed down by Mr. Dai to the new generation, the guests on stage and the author all mentioned his unremitting pursuit of artistic innovation and his open-minded and optimistic mind.
Interpretation of Chinese animation heritage
A lot of new books
Li Baochuan, director of the animation department of Hangzhou Normal University, commented that this new book created by Yang Chenxi's team provides a good interpretation of the inheritance of Chinese animation. "Dai Lao's generation of old cartoonists used their artistic creations to create such an animation world; and the younger generation like Yang Chenxi will definitely inherit it."
Yang Chenxi said that the interview and writing of this new book lasted 4 years intermittently, and the creative team incorporated their respect and feelings for Lao Dai. Unfortunately, Lao Dai did not wait for it to be published. "I hope that this book will be as old as Dai's wish, encouraging and enlightening the younger generations, including us."
"Leave it to us, we, as the younger generation, will pass on the spirit of Dai Lao." Yang Chenxi said.
On October 24, the first China Young Anime Artists Growth Plan announced the selection of 10 young animators. One of the authors of this new book, Yang Chenxi, was among them. After being selected, he once said that he must first do something within his capacity. First, help children improve their understanding of Chinese animation. In addition, he hopes to turn the attention of the study of animation history to the current young generation of animation people. "You can start with a few selected young Chinese animators, record them in the form of oral history, and then make a documentary later. This is a very timely record and record for the animation industry and artistic creation."
Source: Metropolis Express Author: Reporter Liu Yimei, Correspondent Bai Limin, Du Jingyi Editor: Gao Tingting

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Company Name:- American Express
Company Website:- _URL_
Experience:- Freshers
Salary:– Not Mentioned
Qualification:- B.E/B.Tech/MCA
Job Role:- Management Trainee/Intern
Skills:- Communication Skills
JOB Location:- Bangalore/Gurugram
Job Type:- Apply
Last Date To Apply:- ASAP
Management Trainee Description:
Solve complex business problems, leveraging leading technologies like SAS, Big Data, Hadoop, Java, Hive, Pig, Python, SQL
Create innovative solutions to help American Express grow and drive revenue
Build capabilities that enable American Express to leverage its closed loop data for purposes of insight generation, business decision making and business intelligence
Implement advanced algorithms on Big data and other platforms that enable more efficient and real time availability of information for business use
Ensure that processes that are created and implemented have strong value proposition for the business and long lasting usefulness.
The role provided will be a part of one of the many capability job families including data automation, campaign management, business intelligence, custom consulting capabilities, etc
 - An advanced degree in Computer Science, Mathematics, Engineering or related discipline.
 - Detail orientation with strong programming, analytical and problem solving skills.
 - Solid written and oral communication skills with an ability to convey results, explain issues, drive resolution.
 - Ability to think outside the box to develop solutions to complex issues and drive results.
 - Ability to understand data, research and fix issues. Be hands on with working on large datasets.
 - Understanding of database concepts like table structures, data relationships, and data coding.
Intern Description:
The Internship Program is considered one of the key entry points for our full-time campus hires.
It is a project-based program that provides you with the opportunity to address real business challenges and offers you access to senior leaders, professional development activities, fun social events and more.
Solve complex business problems by creating innovative solutions
Analyze large amounts of data to derive business insights
 - Bachelor's Degree in computer science, computer engineering, or equivalent.
 - Ability to drive project deliverables to achieve business results.
 - Ability to work effectively in a team environment.
 - Strong communication and interpersonal skills.
 - Ability to learn quickly and work independently with complex, unstructured initiatives.
 - A flair for programming is a must.
 - Knowledge of SAS, Java, Hive, Pig, Python, SQL is a plus.
 - Knowledge of MS Office – PowerPoint, Excel.
Management Trainee Job Link
Freshers Trainee Job Link


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- Atomizer redirects here. For the Big Black album of the same name, see Atomizer (album)
is conversion of bulk liquid into a spray or mist (i.e. collection of drops), often by passing the liquid through a nozzle. Despite the name, it does not imply that the particles are reduced to atomic sizes.
An atomizer is an atomization apparatus; carburetors, airbrushes, misters, and spray bottles are only a few examples of atomizers used ubiquitously. In internal combustion engines, fine-grained fuel atomization is instrumental to efficient combustion.
In some manufacturing process, one may produce a fine powder by spraying molten or dissolved materials through an atomizer and solidifying the droplets.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Report of the Study Group on Mapping the Occurrence of Cold Water Corals (SGCOR)
At the 88th Statutory meeting, a Study Group on Mapping the Occurrence of Cold Water Corals (SGCOR) was established to work by correspondence to compile maps identifying the areas where cold water corals occur in the Northeast Atlantic. SGCOR will circulate these maps to ACE and a selection of Working Group Chairs for comment in order to enable ICES (through ACE) to provide advice to the European Community. In addition, SGCOR will compile relevant reports for further consideration by the Working Group on Ecosystem Effects of Fishing Activities (WGECO) in relation to fishing areas. SGCOR will report by 18 October 2001 for the immediate attention of ACE and thereafter of WGECO, and subsequently again of ACE and the Marine Habitat Committee.
Published under the auspices of the following ICES Steering Group or Committee
- Historical content


2
This example gets the QoS policy named wildcard and updates the precedence of the policy to 250.
PS C:\> Get-NetQosPolicy –Name "wildcard" | Set-NetQosPolicy -Precedence 250
EXAMPLE 3
This example updates the QoS policy named Backup with additional matching conditions.
PS C:\> Set-NetQosPolicy –Name "Backup" -IPDstPortStart 3501 -IPDstPortEnd 3510
EXAMPLE 4
This example updates the QoS policy named IIS, so that it applies to the return traffic for both the specified URI and subdirectories and files under the URI. This cmdlet also sets a new throttling rate at 3,000,000 bytes per second. Note: An alias for the ThrottleRateActionBytesPerSecond parameter is ThrottleRateAction. Another alias is MaxBw.
PS C:\> Set-NetQosPolicy –Name "IIS" -Recursive $true -ThrottleRateActionBytesPerSecond 3000KB
Online Version
Get-NetQosPolicy
New-NetQosPolicy
Remove-NetQosPolicy


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"Screencasting" is a method of capturing the actions performed on a computer, including mouse movements and clicks on web browser links, in the form of a video. Using online screencasting tools, the video can be shared via e-mail attachment or a web link, or be uploaded to a server for continual use. Screencasts may also contain audio narration which is recorded simultaneously with the actions are performed on screen or added after the video is completed. Additionally, still images of the computer screen, or "screen shots," may include captions, highlighting or call-out boxes to draw the user's eye to a specific place on the image.
Screencasting is a quick and easy-to-use tool that can help you create slick demonstration tutorials in any subject area, using any computer application. The software allows you to record a movie of what you are doing on a computer. Along with your movie, you can record voice-over audio to provide a series of instructions.
Consider the possibilities. Students in math class can generate tutorials on how to solve problems. Students in Social Studies can create tours through the National Archives or any museum. Science students can be guided through simulation exercises. Teachers can demonstrate step-by-step instructions on how to get started with any software application. Screencasting can be used with any computer application and in any subject area.
Here's an example of a young student using a screencast to explain proportions:
Once your screencast "movies" are recorded, they can be published in a variety of ways. They can be embedded in other media such as PowerPoint slides or iMovie. Content can be burned onto cd's that students can take at home and share with their families.
Carr, A., & Ly, P. (2009). "More than words": screencasting as a reference tool. References Services Review, 37 (4), 408-420.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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promote the growth of fungus and increase the risk of parasites and disease.
Moreover, bread crumbs often contain mold or other contaminants which can be poisonous for birds. Lastly, moldy bread can lead to air sac diseases, which can eventually be fatal. Therefore, natural, nutritious foods like seeds, nuts, and fruits are much better for birds than bread crumbs.
Will wild birds be OK if I stop feeding them?
In most cases, wild birds should be fine if you stop feeding them. The majority of birds rely on natural sources of food such as insects and plants which will still be available to them. In some cases, the birds may come to expect human handouts and may search for food in human populated areas, this could potentially put them in danger.
It is also important to note that people should not be offering wild birds food that is unhealthy for them. Popular items such as bread and crackers are not nutritionally beneficial, and offering large amounts of these items can make birds dependent on them as a food source.
If you have been feeding wild birds and would like to stop, gradually reduce the amount over a week or so, to give them time to adjust.
How do you poison unwanted birds?
There are various methods for poisoning unwanted birds. The main categories include chemical, mechanical, and biological or cultural techniques. Chemical bird poisons such as various indoor and outdoor baits can be purchased from agricultural, garden, and building supply stores.
Common active ingredients in these bird poisons are aluminum phosphide and acetamiprid. Mechanical methods include using bird netting or bird spike strips to prevent birds from landing on, nesting on, or otherwise accessing areas you want to protect.
Biology or cultural techniques include using decoys, sound machines, scare balloons and other devices to create a psychological, visual, or auditory deterrent. In addition, an integrated approach to bird control can include eliminating and discouraging sources of food, water and nesting sites that attract birds.
What is the number one killer of birds?
The number one killer of birds is human activity. Human activities such as agriculture, land alteration, and the destruction of natural habitats are all responsible for large declines in bird populations worldwide.
In addition, collisions with motor vehicles and buildings are major causes of bird fatalities. Pollution, pesticides, and climate change also take a toll on bird populations, as does hunting, illegal trafficking, and introduction of invasive species.
Collectively, these activities have resulted in the widespread destruction of bird habitats, irresponsible land management and use, and dramatic habitat loss. As a result, bird populations have declined in many parts of the world, leading to species endangerment or extirpation.
Sadly, most human killers of birds are preventable or reversible if proper safeguards are put in place.
Is baking soda toxic to birds?
No, baking soda is not toxic to birds. Baking soda or sodium bicarbonate is a harmless compound that is commonly used as a baking ingredient. It is also known for its cleaning and deodorizing properties.
While baking soda is not toxic to birds, it may be harmful if consumed in large amounts or in combination with other substances, as it could lead to a dangerous electrolyte imbalance. Additionally, it is important to note that birds should not eat any products intended for human consumption, as these may have additional ingredients that can be dangerous for our feathered friends.
All food and treats offered to birds should be formulated specifically for their dietary needs.
Does salt hurt birds?
No, salt generally isn't harmful to birds. Most bird diets contain a small amount of naturally occurring salt, so consuming small amounts of salt isn't likely to be harmful. However, it is a good idea to limit the amount of salt offered to birds, as an excessive intake of salt can be bad for their health.
Depending on the species of bird, dietary salt requirements can range from very low to relatively high. Too much salt can also interfere with a bird's cardiac activity, cause dehydration and testicular growth, and damage reproductive organs.
It's important to avoid purposely adding salt to a bird's diet and to limit the amount of salty treats, such as processed and fried food. Salt should not be offered as a food source or sprinkled onto the ground where the bird may ingest it from.
To be safe, the best option is to offer birds a diet that is low in salt or only provide salt-free treats.


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A new species of the cosmopolitan jellyfish genus Aurelia is described from the coastal waters of Mozambique using a combination of morphological, meristic and genetic information (COI and 18S). The species can be separated from congeners that have been recently described by a combination of bell shape, number of canal origins and anastomoses, and the shape of the manubrium and oral arms. Three types of nematocysts are present in the tissues of both the bell margin and oral arms, and this description of the cnidome will allow for future comparison. Pairwise genetic comparisons showed a mean COI divergence of 4.8% within the group, and a mean divergence ranging between 15% and 22% with all other species of Aurelia.
|Number of pages||14|
|State||Published - 19 Feb 2021|
Bibliographical noteFunding Information:
We would like to thank the officers and crew of the RV Dr Fridtjof Nansen for their support at sea during this and other cruises that have allowed us to explore the diversity of African jellyfish. Special words of thanks are also due to our colleagues from IMR and the region for their help at sea. We are very grateful to the EAF Nansen Programme of the FAO for providing space for us on the RV Dr Fridtjof Nansen, and for building jellyfish science into their on-going efforts in the region. Michael Brown is grateful to the National Research Foundation for bursary support and indeed, the analysis of data would not have been possible without wider support from the NRF. We would also like to thank Ross Spries for his contribution to some of the illustrations. We acknowledge the ongoing support provided by the University of the Western Cape. Delphine Thibault thanks the "Institut de Recherche pour le Développe-ment", Aix-Marseille Université and the LMI ICEMASA for financial assistance. We would also like to thank the editor and reviewers for their contributions, which served to strengthen the quality of this paper.
Copyright © 2021 Magnolia Press
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
- Animal Science and Zoology


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On the peeling process of random planar maps
- Nicolas Curien (Université Paris-Sud Orsay, France)
The spatial Markov property of random planar maps is arguably one of the most useful properties of these random lattices. Roughly speaking, it says that after exploring a region of the map, the law of the remaining part only depends on the perimeter of the discovered region. It has been first heuristically used by Watabiki in the physics literature under the name of "peeling process" but was rigorously defined in 2003 by Angel in the case of the Uniform Infinite Planar Triangulation (UIPT). Since then, it has been used to derive information about the metric, (bernoulli and first passage) percolation, simple random walk and recently about the conformal structure of random planar maps. It is also at the core of the construction of "hyperbolic" random maps. In this talk, we will introduce smoothly the peeling process and present some of its main applications.


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- Forensic evaluation
- Alternatives evaluation
- Spillway design
- Construction documents
- Resident engineering
- Construction administration services
East Sprat Platte Reservoir is a lined, below-ground water storage reservoir located along the South Platte River in Adams County, Colorado. A spillway is located along the northwest corner of the site to provide controlled filling of the reservoir during flood events in the river. The original spillway (designed by others) consisted of a 300-foot-long, 3-foot-deep, loose placed, riprap lined channel with a concrete cutoff wall near the river. The spillway was engaged twice in consecutive years from flood events in the river and was severely damaged during both events.
RJH conducted a forensic investigation to identify causes for the spillway damage. We identified that the broad spillway crest was not uniformly distributing flow through the spillway but was concentrating flow along the north end of the spillway, which resulted in increased flow velocities and erosion. Also, the spillway chute could not hydraulically contain spillway flows, which resulted in flows spreading from the riprap to the unprotected reservoir slopes.
Following the forensic evaluation, RJH evaluated spillway rehabilitation alternatives for technical and economic feasibility, and developed a final design concept based on these evaluations. RJH evaluated various spillway lining alternatives including conventional concrete, articulated concrete blocks, and grouted riprap using on-site materials. This evaluation showed that the grouted riprap alternative resulted in significant cost savings over other alternatives because the existing riprap could be reused, and Thornton ultimately selected this concept for final design.
RJH performed conceptual through final designs, and provided construction phase services for the project. A year after construction, the spillway was engaged during the 2013 historic flooding in Colorado. RJH and Thornton inspected the spillway following the flood and concluded the spillway performed as expected with no damage.


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Released January 29, 2021.
Roughly 220 million tons of MSW are landfilled each year, across 1,500 MSW landfills (MSWLFs). One metric for the cost of disposal is the gate rate or tipping fee, i.e. the amount charged per ton for disposal at the landfill. EREF routinely surveys active MSWLFs across the U.S. to estimate the average MSWLF tipping fee nationally, regionally and on a state-by-state basis. The primary goal of the study is to track changes in MSWLF tip fee, and explore the relationship between tip fee and MSW management practices.
Results from this study will provide insight into the following types of questions:
- What is the average MSWLF tipping fee, and how does it vary across the U.S.?
- Are MSWLF tip fees increasing or decreasing each year?
- How does tip fee correlate to other MSW management practices (e.g. WTE, recycling)?
Interested in previous years' data?
January 2016 Analysis
April 2017 Analysis
April 2018 Analysis (Rev. ed.)
April 2019 Analysis


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'Jealous' Hermaphrodite Shrimp Murder Their Rivals
Yellowmargin Moray Eel (Gymnothorax flavimarginatus) with a White Banded Cleaner Shrimp (Lysmata amboinensis)
CREDIT: James A Dawson | Shutterstock
Like creepy stalkers, cleaner shrimp won't share their partner with anyone else. When placed in groups of more than two, the creatures attack in the dark of night, killing off the competition.
"We enlarged the group size to triplets and quartets, and we observed the molting cycle and the interactions between individuals,'' study researcher Janine Wong, of the University of Basel in Switzerland, told LiveScience."In this species, the shrimp usually live in pairs. We were wondering, because monogamy is quite susceptible to cheating, if these individuals would stay in monogamous pairs."
Sperm or egg?
Cleaner shrimp (Lysmata amboinensis) pairs make their living picking parasites from fish. They stake out their cleaning stations and wait for fish to stop by their storefront. Each shrimp is a hermaphrodite, meaning it can reproduce as both a male and a female, though it can't fertilize its own eggs.
In times of high competition for a mate, each shrimp makes fewer eggs and more sperm, since the eggs are more cost-intensive to produce and one individual's sperm can fertilize many eggs. The goal is to pass on one's genes, and in this case, sperm will do the trick. When two shrimp pair up in a monogamous relationship, however, they shift to making more eggs and less sperm, since there isn't competition for who is going to fertilize whom. [Top 10 Monogamous Animals]
This type of social monogamy is only found in shrimp with cleaning behavior, Wong said, possibly because these cleaner shrimp stick to their territory instead of going around and searching for food.
Wong and her colleague Nico Michiels, at the University of Tuebingen in Germany, placed two, three or four cleaner shrimp together in a group (repeated 10 times for each condition). By the time 42 days had passed, every tank was down to two shrimp.
The shrimp are only vulnerable to attack right after they have molted, when their outer skins made of chitin are thin. To avoid predators, they molt during the night. Though the shrimp weren't aggressive during the day, at night they ganged up on any freshly molted tank-mates.
"During daytime, there were no aggressive interactions observable, they were just sitting next to each other or ignoring each other. You couldn't predict from their behavior during the daytime who would be the next victim," Wong said. "The individual that died had just molted a few hours before. Because the carapace [shell] didn't harden yet, they were very vulnerable and easy targets."
These shrimp, regardless of whether they are paired up, usually molt every two weeks. In high-competition environments, with three or four shrimp per tank, they molt less frequently. Wong's team noticed that after murdering their extra tank mates, the killer shrimp would return to their regular molting schedule.
In the threesomes, the victim was usually the smallest in the tank, but in the quartet, the same trend wasn't obvious. It wasn't always the first shrimp to molt that was done in, either. The researchers aren't sure yet why certain shrimp lived while others were killed.
This tank is an artificial environment compared with the wild, where the shrimp could just swim away when threatened. Researchers aren't sure how these L. amboinensis act in the wild, but they are very territorial. It's more likely that a "third wheel" type would be chased away from the mating pair's cleaning station, and the murderous rage would be much lower.
The study was published Thursday (Nov. 10) in the journal Frontiers of Zoology.
MORE FROM LiveScience.com


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In July 2004, the Cranfills Gap Independent School District (Cranfills Gap ISD), located in Hamilton County, Texas, was identified as one of 54 school districts in the state meeting the criteria that initiate an Appraisal Standards Review (ASR) of the county appraisal district that served them. In April 2005, the Comptroller's Property Tax Division (PTD) began an Appraisal Standards Review of the Hamilton County Appraisal District (Hamilton CAD).
Appraisal Standards Reviews
The 78th Legislature, Regular Session, directed the Comptroller's office to conduct appraisal standards reviews of county appraisal districts if the Comptroller's office finds in its annual Property Value Study (PVS) that the appraisal district has one or more "eligible" school districts. Eligible school districts are those that meet all of the following conditions:
- the district's values are invalid in the most recent property value study;
- the district's values were valid in the two studies preceding the most recent study; and
- the district's local value is above 90 percent of the lower threshold of the margin of error.
In Texas, public education is paid for by a combination of state and local funds. Local funding comes from local property taxes. The chief appraiser of each county appraisal district (CAD) determines local property values, and school districts set tax rates that determine the amount of local tax revenue. Appraisal districts, under most circumstances, are required by law to appraise property at or near market value. Market value, in simple terms, is the price for which a property would sell under normal conditions. State funding is based on the total taxable property value within each school district as determined by the PVS.
The PVS independently estimates the taxable property value in each school district to ensure that state values reflect market value, which in turn ensures that school districts have approximately the same number of dollars to spend per student, regardless of the school district's property wealth or lack of property wealth. School districts with less taxable property value per student receive more state dollars for each pupil than districts with more value per student. The state's fair distribution of school funding depends largely on the Comptroller's taxable value findings.
By conducting appraisal standards reviews, the Comptroller's office helps school districts to understand the reason for the invalid finding so they can effectively work with the appraisal district to correct the problems and achieve market values. ASRs identify problems and recommend changes in procedures or methods to improve appraisal accuracy.
An ASR examines and evaluates a county appraisal district's appraisal practices, including appraisal planning, appraisal procedures and methodology, and application and adherence to appraisal standards. The Tax Code and Comptroller rules are the major criteria used to measure the appraisal district's performance. The evaluation of the appraisal district's appraisal methods are based on a comparison of local methods and procedures to those generally accepted by the mass appraisal industry in Texas. The Tax Code dictates certain appraisal procedures or standards such as the Uniform Standards for Professional Appraisal Practices (USPAP), specifically Standard 6: Mass Appraisal and Standard 7: Personal Property. Also the International Association of Assessing Officers Standards (IAAO) Standards on Assessment are used as guidelines on the operation of an assessment office.
The two principal focuses of the review are to determine why a school district served by the CAD was deemed eligible and to make recommendations to improve appraisal practices so the school district's values can be determined valid in future studies. The review evaluates five broad functional areas of CAD operations: information processing systems, district staffing, property mapping and discovery, appraisals and appraisal standards.
The review methodology includes a self-assessment completed by the CAD, staff interviews, reviews of written policies, procedures, plans, financial and management audits, and assessments of manual and automated records systems.
As the result of the review process, the Comptroller's office is issuing this report of its findings that includes recommendations for change and commendations for exemplary district appraisal practices. The appraisal district is required by law to comply with the recommendations within one year of the release of this report. If the Comptroller determines that the appraisal district board of directors failed to take remedial action within one year after the issuance of the review, the Comptroller shall notify the district judges serving in the county, who shall appoint a five-member board of conservators to implement the recommendations. The board of conservators shall exercise supervision and control over the operations of the appraisal district until the Comptroller determines pursuant to the annual property value study, Section 403.302, Government Code, that in the same year the taxable value of each school district for which the appraisal district appraises property is the local value for the school district. The appraisal district shall bear the costs related to the supervision and control of the district by the board of conservators.
While the review team found several commendable practices implemented by dedicated and hardworking district employees, Hamilton CAD is facing a number of challenges in achieving and maintaining consistent valid findings, including:
- improving the management of office operations;
- documenting procedures; and
- enhancing reappraisal tools and appraisal methods.
Key Findings and Recommendations
Improve the Management Office Operations
Expand the detail of the budget presented to the board of directors for adoption to include the benefits for each position and a detailed list of each proposed capital expenditure. The district's budget lacks the detail necessary to comply with Section 6.06 of the Tax Code. The budget does not outline each set of benefits associated with each employee position. With 60 percent of the CAD's budget going to salaries, it's important for taxing units to understand where the money is being spent and ensure the district hires sufficient staff to perform appraisal functions.
Develop board procedures to evaluate the chief appraiser, insert a line for the chief appraiser's signature on the evaluation tool and use the newly developed tool to evaluate the chief appraiser annually. The board has not historically evaluated the chief appraiser in writing. After the onsite visit by the review team, the district developed an evaluation tool to allow the board to collectively evaluate the chief appraiser. The chief appraiser had not been evaluated with this tool. Setting annual expectations and evaluating the chief appraiser allows the board to communicate more effectively with the chief appraiser. The district should develop procedures to support the evaluation of the chief appraiser and begin annually assessing the chief appraiser's performance using the new tool.
Develop a comprehensive written policy and procedures manual for district operations. Hamilton CAD lacks well-documented policies and procedures to guide the day-to-day operations of the district in areas such as payroll processing, accounting, purchasing and related functions. Written procedures help guarantee tasks are performed correctly and provide useful training tools for new employees. By having a written policy and procedures manual for district operations, the district ensures consistency in performing daily functions and the procedures act as an internal control mechanism.
Continually update and review the personnel manual against current employment law. Hamilton CAD's personnel manual is currently being updated and is ready for the board of director's approval. The current manual is the board's by-laws and lacks information on the American with Disabilities Act and the Family Medical Leave Act, among more recent personnel law changes. An updated personnel manual protects management and staff from arbitrary employment practices and guarantees CAD employees are aware of their rights and responsibilities.
Enhance Reappraisal Tools and Appraisal Methods
Adopt and implement a detailed reappraisal plan. Hamilton CAD lacks a detailed reappraisal plan to ensure the execution of timely and accurate reappraisals. The CAD's reappraisal plan does not outline staffing requirements, a detailed work plan, a budget or how the district's ratio studies will be used in establishing reappraisals. A detailed plan assures management is aware of the process that the district will use in conducting reappraisals, ensures resources are available for conducting reappraisals and provides a roadmap for completing the reappraisals.
Develop and implement effective appraisal maintenance programs based on ratio studies to identify and correct market value deviations. The 2003 PVS results indicate that Hamilton CAD's appraisal maintenance programs for at least one of its school districts did not achieve the desired result of identifying market areas whose values no longer reflect the market, so adjustments can be made. Cranfills Gap ISD's 2003 PVS eligibility was primarily attributed to under valuing rural residences while other property categories were inconsistently valued, or consistently overor under-valued. Appraisal districts use ratio studies to plan appraisal maintenance programs. The ratio study results indicate those market areas in the appraisal district whose values no longer reflect the market. Frequent ratio studies and the appraisal maintenance that follows enable an appraisal district to keep its values at or near the market.
The review team identified commendable practices in Hamilton CAD that other county appraisal districts may do well to review and implement where appropriate.
Hamilton CAD backs up appraisal data and stores it in a secure location. The district has an established process for storing daily backed up appraisal data. In the event of a disaster, the district would be able to get back to work quickly because its records are stored offsite and only a small amount of data would be potentially lost.


Shared config and credentials files - AWS SDKs and Tools
Shared config and credentials files
The shared AWS config and credentials files contain a set of profiles. A profile is a set of configuration values that can be referenced from the SDK/tool using its profile name. Configuration values are attached to a profile in order to configure some aspect of the SDK/tool when that profile is used.
As a general rule, any value that you can place in the shared credentials file can alternatively be placed in the shared config file. The reverse isn't true; only a few settings can be placed in the credentials file. However, as a security best practice, we recommend that you keep any sensitive values, such as access key IDs and secret keys, in the separate credentials file. This way, you can provide separate permissions for each file, if necessary.
Both the shared config and credentials files are plaintext files that contain only ASCII characters (UTF-8 encoded). They take the form of what are generally referred to as INI files.
Profiles
Settings within the shared config and credentials files are associated with a specific profile. With multiple profiles, you can create different settings configurations to apply in different scenarios.
The [default] profile contains the values that are used by an SDK or tool operation if a specific named profile is not specified. You can also create separate profiles that you can explicitly reference by name. Each named profile can have a different group of settings.
[default] is simply an unnamed profile. This profile is named default because it is the default profile used by the SDK if the user does not specify a profile. It does not provide inherited default values to other profiles. For example, if you set something in the [default] profile and you don't set it in a named profile, then the value isn't set when you use the named profile.
Optionally, set a named profile that you want to use through your SDK code or AWS CLI commands. Alternatively, you can use the environment variable AWS_PROFILE to specify which profile's settings to use.
Linux/macOS example of setting environment variables via command line:
export AWS_PROFILE="my_default_profile_name";
Windows example of setting environment variables via command line:
setx AWS_PROFILE "my_default_profile_name"
Format of the config file
The config file is organized into sections. A section is a named collection of settings, and continues until another section definition line is encountered.
The config file is a plaintext file that uses the following format:
 - All entries in a section take the general form of setting-name=value.
 - Lines can be commented out by starting the line with a hashtag character (#).
Section types
A section definition is a line that applies a name to a collection of settings. Section definition lines start and end with square brackets ([ ]). Inside the brackets, there is a section type identifier and a custom name for the section. You can use letters, numbers, hyphens ( - ), and underscores ( _ ), but no spaces.
Section type: profile
Example section definition line: [profile dev]
The profile section definition line names a configuration grouping that you can apply in different scenarios. [default] is the only profile that does not require the profile section identifier. To better understand named profiles, see the preceding section on Profiles.
The following example shows a basic config file with a [default] profile. It sets the region setting.
[default] #Full line comment, this text is ignored. region = us-east-2
The following example shows a config file with a profile section definition line. It uses the identifier profile followed by a unique name for the profile. All settings that follow this line, up until another section definition is encountered, will be included with this named profile.
[profile developers] ...settings...
Some settings have their own nested group of subsettings, such as the s3 setting and subsettings in the following example. Associate the subsettings with the group by indenting them by one or more spaces.
[profile testers] region = us-west-2 s3 = max_concurrent_requests=10 max_queue_size=1000
Section type: sso-session
Example section definition line: [sso-session my-sso]
The sso-session section definition line names a group of settings that you use to configure a profile to resolve AWS credentials using AWS IAM Identity Center (successor to AWS Single Sign-On). For more information on configuring single sign-on authentication, see IAM Identity Center authentication. A profile is linked to a sso-session section by a key-value pair where sso-session is the key and the name of your sso-session section is the value, such as sso-session = <name-of-sso-session-section>.
The following example configures a profile that will get short-term AWS credentials for the "SampleRole" IAM role in the "111122223333" account using a token from the "my-sso". The "my-sso" sso-session section is referenced in the profile section by name using the sso-session key.
[profile dev] sso_session = my-sso sso_account_id = 111122223333 sso_role_name = SampleRole [sso-session my-sso] sso_region = us-east-1 sso_start_url = _URL_
Section type: services
Example section definition line: [services dev]
Note
The services section supports service-specific endpoint customizations and is only available in SDKs and tools that include this feature. To see if this feature is available for your SDK, see Compatibility with AWS SDKS for service-specific endpoints.
The services section definition line names a group of settings that configures custom endpoints for AWS service requests. A profile is linked to a services section by a key-value pair where services is the key and the name of your services section is the value, such as services = <name-of-services-section>.
The services section is further separated into subsections by <SERVICE> = lines, where <SERVICE> is the AWS service identifier key. The AWS service identifier is based on the API model's serviceId by replacing all spaces with underscores and lowercasing all letters. For a list of all service identifier keys to use in the services section, see Identifiers for service-specific endpoints. The service identifier key is followed by nested settings with each on its own line and indented by two spaces.
The following example uses a services definition to configure the endpoint to use for requests made only to the Amazon DynamoDB service. The "local-dynamodb" services section is referenced in the profile section by name using the services key. The AWS service identifier key is dynamodb. The Amazon DynamoDB service subsection begins on the line dynamodb = . Any immediately following lines that are indented are included in that subsection and apply to that service.
[profile dev] services = local-dynamodb [services local-dynamodb] dynamodb = endpoint_url = http://localhost:8000
For more information on custom endpoint configuration, see Service-specific endpoints.
Format of the credentials file
The rules for the credentials file are generally identical to those for the config file, except that profile sections don't begin with the word profile. Use only the unique profile name itself between square brackets.
[dev] ...settings...
You can store only a small subset of settings and values in the credentials file. Generally, it's only those with values that would be considered "secrets" or sensitive, such as access key IDs and secret keys. The page for each setting in this guide states whether it can be stored in the credentials file or only in the config file.
The following example shows a basic credentials file with a [default] profile. It sets the aws_access_key_id and aws_secret_access_key global settings.
[default] aws_access_key_id=AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE aws_secret_access_key=wJalrXUtnFEMI/K7MDENG/bPxRfiCYEXAMPLEKEY aws_session_token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2IQoJb3JpZ2luX2IQoJb3JpZ2luX2IQoJb3JpZ2luX2IQoJb3JpZVERYLONGSTRINGEXAMPLE


text:
Associate of Science
School: Business and Professional Studies
Dean: George Repic, _EMAIL_
Program Director: Patricia Szobonya, _EMAIL_
Support Staff: Jeremy Cordock
Location: Academic II, Room 2314, Phone: _PHONE_
The goal of the program is to provide students with an accessible, responsive learning environment that facilitates the achievement of educational, professional, and personal goals by offering quality higher education and training in an atmosphere that embraces academic excellence, diversity and innovation.
Program Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this program, students will be able to:
- Identify the various facets of the United States Criminal Justice system in today's global society.
- Develop a variety of skills related to the core concepts in Criminal Justice including critical thinking, reasoning, and problem solving skills.
- Develop effective oral and written communication skills.
- Evaluate the impact of diversity in the Criminal Justice system.
- Examine the importance of ethics and ethical behavior in the achievement of justice.


text:
What is the Probability of Profit (POP)?
It is the chance of making at least $0.01 on a trade
The Probability of Profit, or more commonly referred to as POP, is the theoretical probability of your equity/etf position(s) making at least $0.01 on a trade. POP uses a set of variables such as position type, whether you are long or short, time, and volatility (for the distribution curve).
What is the Equity Probability of Profit (ePoP)?
It is the chance that your portfolio's equity/ETF positions make at least $0.01.
The Equity Probability of Profit (ePoP) is the theoretical probability of profit of your portfolio's equity/ETF positions (stock & options) making at least $0.01. ePoP does not apply to futures or futures options positions.
Where can I view POP or ePoP?
Profit Probability displays two different ways–a per position level or portfolio level
POP displays during order entry in the trade details area. Additionally, after you open the position, you may view PoP in the Positions tab by adding the POP column.
You can view your Equity PoP, or ePoP, by adding the column to your Account Header Details on the desktop platform. Additionally, ePoP displays to the left of the Account drop-down menu at the top of the web-browser platform.
How do you calculate POP & ePoP?
The POP algorithm has two different modes behind the calculation
Currently, PoP graph view is only available on the web-browser platform. We plan on extending this feature to the desktop platform with future updates. That said, both calculation methods use the portfolio's beta-weighted symbol. By default, the platform beta-weights to SPY. To learn how to change your portfolio's beta-weighted symbol, please click here.
Single Underlying (POP)
When viewing the POP of a single underlying, POP bases it on a simple P/L graph of the underlying. The example below illustrates a single iron condor. Furthermore, a distribution curve based on the portfolio's beta weight is applied (default is SPY). That means if you have a position with a 7-days-to-expiration (DTE) option and a 21 DTE option, then the POP calculation will use the 21 DTE distribution curve (or the volatility index) of the portfolio's beta-weighted symbol. As a result, the total area under the distribution curve when profit goes to 0 equals 1 (shaded yellow) The beta-weighted area in the distribution curve where the position generates a profit (shaded green) is subtracted from 1, thus producing the POP.
Multiple Underlyings (ePoP)
When viewing portfolio ePoP of a portfolio, a single P/L graph of the portfolio generates based on the portfolio's beta-weighted symbol (default is SPY). Similar to the way a single underlying P/L graph generates, the total area under the distribution curve (or volatility index) when profit goes to 0 equals 1 (shaded yellow). The beta-weighted area in the distribution curve where the portfolio generates a profit (shaded green) is subtracted from 1, thus producing the ePoP.


text:
Hazardous substance releases may not occur often, but when they do occur, they have the potential for causing harmful health
effects. The National Toxic Substance Incidents Program (NTSIP) system actively collects information to describe the public
health consequences of acute (less than 72 hours) releases of hazardous substances in participating states. This indicator
summarizes the characteristics of events reported in Utah. Information about acute events involving hazardous substances were
collected, including the substance(s) released, number of victims, and number and types of injuries. The data were computerized
using an ATSDR-provided Web-based data entry system. This data provides needed information to create prevention activities,
which can decrease injury and death as a result of a hazardous material release. Knowing what kind of hazardous materials
commonly exist in Utah, how and where they are released, and the effects they have on employees, responders, and the general
public will create opportunities for improved policies, procedures, and training for a cleaner, safer environment.
10-Year Summary of Hazardous Substance Releases by County, Utah, 2000-2009
The National Toxic Substance Incidents Program (NTSIP) is supported with funds from the CERCLA trust fund, and the Office
of Terrorism Planning and Emergency Response of the CDC, and provided by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(ATSDR), Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services under Cooperative Agreement Number U61TS874146.
This map was made using an interval break method called "natural breaks" where classes are based on natural groupings inherent
in the data.
National Toxic Substance Incidents Program (NTSIP).
The National Toxic Substance Incidents Program (NTSIP) defines hazardous substances emergency events as acute uncontrolled
or illegal releases of hazardous substances. Events involving releases of only petroleum are only included if there are injuries
or public health action (including environmental sampling, evacuations, etc). Events are included if (a) the amount of substance
released needed to be removed, cleaned up, or neutralized according to federal, state, or local laws.
How We Calculated the Rates
Number of hazardous substance releases.
Page Content Updated On 01/24/2011,
Published on 07/14/2011
National Toxic Substance Incidents Program (NTSIP), Bureau of Epidemiology, Division of Disease Control and Prevention, Utah Department of Health, Telephone: _PHONE_, Email:
The information provided above is from the Utah Department of Health's Center for
Health Data IBIS-PH web site (_URL_). The information published
on this website may be reproduced without permission. Please use the following citation:
Sun, 19 May 2013 20:13:47
from Utah Department of
Health, Center for Health Data, Indicator-Based Information System for Public Health Web


JD Vs. LLB Law Degree
Lawyer sitting in front of laptop at desk
... DeanDrobot/iStock/Getty Images
The law degrees J.D. and LL.B. have similarities and differences. They are awarded primarily based on the country standard where the degree is earned, and are both considered a first-level law degree.
1 Definition of J.D. and LL.B Degrees
The J.D. degree stands for Juris Doctor, and the LL.B. Degree stands for Legum Baccalaureus, which literally means Bachelor of Laws. A J.D. degree is required in most states to gain entrance to the bar.
2 History of the LL.B. Degree
The LL.B. is based on English "common law." Until the mid-1960s, it was the benchmark law degree for all common law countries, including the U.S. In the 1970s, U.S. law schools changed to the J.D. degree. Although the LL.B. degree was the standard law degree in Europe for hundreds of years, in 1820, Harvard University became the first American university to award the LL.B. degree.
3 Differences Between the Two
Unlike the bachelor-level LL.B., the J.D. is a post-graduate, three-year professional law degree. In addition to being the standard degree to practice law in the U.S., the J.D. is becoming more customary in Canada, Hong Kong, Australia and elsewhere.
4 Curriculum Similarities
Although each degree's curricula focus on the practice of law, the LL.B. is more academic in nature. The recipient of an LL.B. may require further accreditation before entering practice, depending on the country. This may not apply in countries where the LL.B. is earned as a post-graduate degree. In such cases, the LL.B. and J.D. may be treated equally.
5 Misconceptions
While the J.D. degree is technically a doctoral degree, recipients are not addressed as "Dr." That is reserved for a more advanced law degree -- for example, Doctor of Juridical Science, or J.S.D.


Project Euler Problem 5 in F#
Yet another episode in my attempts to solve Project Euler problems.
Enter problem number 5:
I'll first show you my solution and then explain the bits:
// greatest common divisor (Euclid Algorithm)
let rec gcd (a:int64, b:int64) =
 match b with
 | x when x = 0L -> a
 | _ -> gcd (b, a % b)
// least common divisor
let rec lcm (a:int64, b:int64) =
 (a * b) / gcd (a,b)
// least common divisor for a list of numbers
let rec lcmlist (list: int64 list) =
 match list with
 | [] -> 1L
 | [a] -> a
 | [a;b] -> lcm(a,b)
 | h::t -> lcm(h, lcmlist t)
// utility to generate a list of all integers
// up to a certain number
let generateListTo top =
 let l = [for i in 1L.. int64 top -> i]
let resolveProblem5 =
 generateListTo 20 |> lcmlist
The first thing to realize when reading this problem is that what is really being asked is
the least common multiple (lcm from now on) of a list of numbers (in particular, the numbers from 1 to 20 included).
There's a straightforward way to compute the lcm, by using the greatest common divisor (gcd), as follows:
Least Common Multiple
As for the gcd itself, it can be easily implemented using the Euclid Algorithm.
The last piece of the puzzle comes when you realize how calculating the lcd of a set of numbers can be reduced to calculating lcds pair-wise in the following fashion:
Lcm on a list of numbers
For example, given the numbers 3, 4, 14, and 18, their lcm would be computed in the following way:
Least Common Multiple=
As you can see, the algorithm lends itself beautifully to recursion and such is the solution that I have provided.
See all Project Euler problems solutions.
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 - Javaman59
 Thanks for the gcd & lcm algorithm. Nice work, and explanation – this is a very good solution. It is many times faster than the brute force approach I tried.
 Just a minor F# point. "[for i in 1L.. int64 top -> i]" is the same as "[]". In fact, the last two functions can be compressed to just "[1L..20L] |> lcmlist"
 - stefanoricciardi
 Yes, you have a good point there. I am trying to get familiar with F# own idioms more and more, even though my C# background creeps in from time to time :)
 - Y4b3rtys
 can you help explain the program flow
 - Anonymous
 Reading from the listing bottom-up should reveal the flow. If you have difficulties in any part let me know.


text:
In the years 2011 and 2012 the Association has carried out a surveys at national level on textile items purchased in stores or taken from the NAS and ASL during inspections following the reporting of health problems..
Here is a summary of the most significant results:
Presence of dangerous substances on textile items purchased at points of sale:
- 4% carcinogenic aromatic amines
- 4% allergenic dyes
- 6% heavy metals
- 4% formaldehyde
Widespread presence of dangerous substances in textile and footwear articles taken from the NAS or the ASL. Causes of diseases found in patients admitted to dermatological clinics (study on over 400 patients):
- Textiles - in 69.1% of cases
- Accessories - in 16.5% of cases
- Footwear - in 14.4% of cases
Advice for the Consumer
1. Do not buy items without a composition label *.
2. Always wash a new head of clothing before wearing it and, in case of dye release, rewash it.
*The label must declare by law the type of fibers present in the garment.


Scalable corpus annotation by graph construction and label propagation
Thomas Lansdall-Welfare, Ilias Flaounas, Nello Cristianini
3 Citations (Scopus)
The efficient annotation of documents in vast corpora calls for scalable methods of text classification. Representing the documents in the form of graph vertices, rather than in the form of vectors in a bag of words space, allows for the necessary information to be pre-computed and stored. It also fundamentally changes the problem definition, from a content-based to a relation-based classification problem. Efficiently creating a graph where nearby documents are likely to have the same annotation is the central task of this paper. We compare the effectiveness of various approaches to graph construction by building graphs of 800,000 vertices based on the Reuters corpus, showing that relation-based classification is competitive with Support Vector Machines, which can be considered as state of the art. We further show that the combination of our relation-based approach and Support Vector Machines leads to an improvement over the methods individually.
Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationInternational Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods
Publication statusPublished - 2012
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Scalable corpus annotation by graph construction and label propagation'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
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text:
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Lunar orbital imagery and laser altimeter data are two major data sources for lunar topographic modeling. Most of the previous work has processed imagery and laser altimeter data separately. Usually though, there are inconsistencies between the topographic models derived from them. This paper presents an endeavor to integrate the Chang'E-1 imagery and laser altimeter data for consistent and precision lunar topographic modeling. A combined adjustment model for the Chang'E-1 imagery and laser altimeter data is developed, in which the participants are the laser altimeter points, image exterior orientation (EO) parameters, and tie points collected from the stereo images. A weighting scheme is designed for the participants in the adjustment, and a local surface constraint is imposed to improve the adjustment performance. The output of the combined adjustment is the refined image EO parameters and laser ground points. Experimental results using the Chang'E-1 data in the Apollo 15 and 16 landing site areas show that the proposed combined adjustment approach can reduce the misregistrations between the imagery and the laser altimeter data by a maximum of 1-18 pixels in image space. The Japanese SELenological and ENgineering Explorer (SELENE) laser altimeter data at the Apollo 15 and 16 landing site areas are employed for comparison analysis. Small shifts between the SELENE and Chang'E-1 laser altimeter data were found. The topography derived from Chang'E-1 data after the combined adjustment shows a relatively consistent trend with the topography determined by the SELENE laser altimeter data.


text:
Molecular formula :
nature : also known as N-benzyl amine (N-phenylbenzylamine). Colorless columnar crystals. D25 density of 1.065 g/cm3, the melting point of 37 ~ 38 ° C, the boiling point of 306 ° C to 307. Soluble ethanol, ethyl ether, do not dissolve in water. For organic synthesis.
Notice:Each item can have many explanations from different angels. If you want grasp the item comprehensively,please see below "more details data".


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Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Library
Commission Brief: Architect Mies van der Rohe was commissioned to design a structure to house the main branch of the District of Columbia Public Library. The commission followed a determination to replace the a white marble, Beaux Arts Carnegie Library located at 801 K Street at Mount Vernon Square. As with many other library modernization projects of the era, the Carnegie structure was deemed outdated and overcrowded.
Design Brief: The Fine Arts Commission, which oversaw the design competition, required a flexible interior plan and a capacity to create an addition when needed. In addition, they specified the need for prominent points of vertical communication in the form of elevators and dumbwaiters in the design of the library. Prior to this structure, the Commission had never approved a Modernist design for Washington D.C. The design entailed a 400,000 square ft., four story building of steel, glass, and brick. There was a potential fifth story addition prefigured in the design and three underground stories that included a parking level for 100 automobiles.
Building/Construction: Construction on the building began in 1968 and was scheduled to finish in 1970, however it continued through the summer of 1972. The architect Mies van der Rohe died in 1969 while the building was still under construction.
The Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Library is a rectangular 400,000 square foot building with four stories above ground and three below, with the bottom most level consisting of a parking garage. Composed of a steel frame, curtain wall, and columnar grid it incorporates all functions in a remarkably bilateral fashion. Built in the metropolitan environment of Washington D.C., the building was designed to serve the needs of library patrons, community groups, and librarians. As such, the structure concentrates upon vertical integration between all its levels, ensuring ease of flow and communication. Constructed of matte black steel, brick, and bronzed-tinted glass, the building exemplifies Mies van der Rohe's mature sense of "Skin and Bones" architecture. Large tinted windows provide the primary conceptual statement of the building's exterior, They create a shaded view of the books inside while simultaneously demonstrating the transparency of a public institution. With no major structural changes over time, the building remains a testament to the original time period and intent of the architect. As the sole library designed by Mies, the structure stands as his only interpretation of what the form of the library, and in turn the public realm of knowledge, entailed. With an open central space surrounded on all sides by book-stacks, offices, and meeting rooms, the library was outfitted with the most modern of technological conveniences at the time of its creation including book conveyor belts, pneumatic tubes, and dumbwaiters to speed conveyance from floor to floor. The building has few fixed walls and a very open floor plan, illustrating Mies' conception that the public space would need to evolve over time to remain relevant.
Name(s) of surrounding area / building(s): The building is situated within the central Washington D.C. area, embedded between such iconic structures as the White House and Capitol Buildings. It sits at a diagonal across from the National Portrait Gallery / Smithsonian American Art Museum, an 1836 Greek-Revival building that is listed on the National Register of Historic Buildings.
Visual Relations: The building is situated within the classical milieu of Downtown Washington, D.C. and is in direct site-line with the National Portrait Gallery / Smithsonian.
Functional Relations: The buildings are not functionally related although both the library and museum serve educational purposes and are open to the public. Many of the downtown buildings are civic in nature and representative of both national and local governmental identity.
Other Relations: The buildings are related in their disparate architectural genesis, the Modern International Style of the library acts as a counterpoint to the Greek Revival Museum and for many the two buildings act as vying symbols of what downtown Washington D.C. should embody.
Completed Situation: When the building was completed it occupied almost the entire block between 9th and 10th Streets NW along G Street.
Original Situation or Character of Site: The original character of the site was urban in nature and was bought from several individuals in 1961 by the Library Board of Trustees. The buildings upon the street primarily housed small retail establishments. Completed in 1972, the building was envisioned and constructed in a markedly different technological realm than today. At the time, there was no provision for the Internet, and the library showcased prominent built in card catalogues to disseminate information. Today, patrons view these features as an indicator of the obsolescence of the building for use as an urban library. Further, with the disrepair of many of the building's systems, many perceive the library as rundown and outmoded. The current mayor of Washington DC, and many others in the city government want to move the library from the Mies van der Rohe building to the site of the old Washington DC Convention Center several blocks away as part of a downtown redevelopment scheme. Declaring the need for a "twenty first century library", the mayor has made the fate of the library a central issue. In this plan, the District of Columbia would lease the Mies building to a private owner. Many preservationists and civic groups decry the move and a civic fight has begun. In 2000, volunteer architects from the Washington D.C. chapter of the AIA commissioned a revitilization study that would alter the building's interior and introduce a skylight to maintain its functional use as a library. This plan was never adopted and the current dialogue points to the city abandoning the building in 2007 or 2008. There is no indication, however, that the building will be torn down. Ultimately, the building is in a deep state of disrepair and regardless of its future function needs functional repair.
The building was designed to be the penultimate modern library. Equipped with state of the art technological services, a simple rectangular form, and large interior spaces broken by ordered, spare columns the building expressed the cool rationality of disciplined scholarship. The structural materials are successful and the framework of the building is technically laudable. The building exhibits experimentation and innovation in typology, with a myriad of functions flowing through a simple rectangular grid.
As a social expression, Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Library was deeply innovative for its time. The building was the first Modernist structure commissioned by the Art Commission of the District of Columbia and represented a social turning point for a tradition bound civic definition of architecture in Washington, D.C. Located in the heart of the downtown area, and the successor to the classical Carnegie Library, the building was a conscious effort to commission an updated, innovative, and technologically advanced structure into the civic enterprise and fabric of Washington D.C. By inserting this building into the L'Enfant designed center of Washington D.C., the city's government was striving for a new city expression. In addition, the building was Mies first and only application of his principles to a library and remains a testament to Modernist applications upon everyday, public life.
Mies designed the building to encapsulate a multitude of needs into a simple, clean form. The exterior, clad in tinted glass curtain walls and steel exudes a stylistically regulated and constrained façade that exhibits an unbroken rhythm upon the street. The rhythm is heightened, both literally and figuratively, by the existence of a colonnade on the street level of the building, where the steel frame rests upon regularly spaced thrusting columns. The desire for complex patterns of circulation, both of people and of books, dominates the concern of the interior, with all seven floors (four above ground three below) striving to create a vertical unity through regularly placed elevator shafts and stairwells, and a myriad of open spaces leading to rooms with specific collections and functional uses. Canonical Status: At the time of its inception, the building was lauded by both architecture critics and the general public as being a seamless application of Mies' architectural principles to the concept of a library. The Washington Post architecture critic, Wolf Von Eckardt, stated that, "by the utter, pristine simplicity of the design…it is in itself a work of art, undoubtedly the best example of the art of modern architecture…in Washington D.C." As the first library designed by Mies, too, it represented an innovative Modernist solution to the problem of a technologically and systematically designed space for late twentieth century society.
The Records of the Commission of Fine Arts holds correspondence pertaining to the commission and construction of the Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Library: The National Archives: Records of the Commission of Fine Arts. Washington D.C. National Archives and Records Administration 700 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20408-0001 There are many books written on the work of Mies van der Rohe, several notable of which are: Johnson, Philip C. Mies van der Rohe. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1947.
Zukowsky, John. Mies Reconsidered: His Career, Legacy, and Disciples. Chicago: Art Institute of Chicago, 1986.
Schulze, Franz. An Illustrated Catalogue of Mies van der Rohe Drawings in the Museum of Modern Art, Part II: _PHONE_, The American Work. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc: 1992. Pg. 355-415.
Carter, Peter. Mies van der Rohe At Work. London: Phaidon Press, 1999.


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Toward the Meaning of the Biblical Hebrew Piel Stem
MetadataShow full item record
CitationBeckman, John Charles. 2015. Toward the Meaning of the Biblical Hebrew Piel Stem. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences.
AbstractThe biblical Hebrew D stem (piel) seems to be inconsistent from verb to verb, both in its meaning and in its relationship to the G stem (qal). For example, the D stem has a higher valency than the G stem for some verbs (e.g., קדשׁ G 'to be holy', D 'to make holy'), whereas for other verbs, the G and D stems seem to be interchangeable (e.g., שׁבר־1 can be glossed 'to break' in both the G and D stems).
The dominant explanation for this is by Waltke and O'Connor (1990), who draw upon earlier work by Jenni (1968) and Goetze (1942). They posit that the D stem is factitive/resultative, meaning that it describes the subject causing a passive undersubject to enter a state without describing the process. Thus שׁבר־1, which means 'to break' (process) in the G stem, means 'to make broken' (resultative) in the D stem. By developing criteria to detect this distinction and by examining every occurrence of every verb in the Hebrew Bible, we found that the D stem has a process meaning far more often than a resultative meaning, contrary to Waltke and O'Connor's hypothesis. Furthermore, their hypothesis cannot explain verbs that lack a direct object in the D stem.
As an alternate explanation, Kouwenberg (1997, 2010) argued that the D stem originally expressed verbal intensity but then developed a variety of meanings, including verbal plurality and high semantic transitivity. In addition to having cross-linguistic support, this hypothesis also passed all three tests that we devised regarding its use in the Hebrew Bible: (1) The D stem adds an agent only to verbs that have low semantic transitivity in the G stem. (2) For verbs with roughly the same meaning in the D and G stems, the D stem is more likely in contexts that have high verbal plurality or (3) high semantic transitivity. Nevertheless, the difference in likelihood is often slight. Furthermore, the flexibility of Kouwenberg's explanation makes it difficult to falsify, even in theory. Therefore, the level of support for Kouwenberg's hypothesis is modest.
Citable link to this pagehttp://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:_PHONE_
- FAS Theses and Dissertations


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This paper presents the application of advanced optimization techniques to unmanned aerial system mission path planning system (MPPS) using multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs). Two types of multi-objective optimizers are compared; the MOEA nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II and a hybrid-game strategy are implemented to produce a set of optimal collision-free trajectories in a three-dimensional environment. The resulting trajectories on a three-dimensional terrain are collision-free and are represented by using Bézier spline curves from start position to target and then target to start position or different positions with altitude constraints. The efficiency of the two optimization methods is compared in terms of computational cost and design quality. Numerical results show the benefits of adding a hybrid-game strategy to a MOEA and for a MPPS.
UAS Mission Path Planning System (MPPS) Using Hybrid-Game Coupled to Multi-Objective Optimizer
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Lee, D., Periaux, J., and Gonzalez, L. F. (June 16, 2010). "UAS Mission Path Planning System (MPPS) Using Hybrid-Game Coupled to Multi-Objective Optimizer." ASME. J. Dyn. Sys., Meas., Control. July 2010; 132(4): 041005. _URL_
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Meaning and Origin of: Parrish
Search for Names & Meanings Top 100 Names for Boys Top 100 Names for Girls Last Name History & Meaning Name Popularity Tracker Celebrity Names Search for Names by Trait Browse First Names A-Z Browse Last Names A-Z Browse First Names by Origin Browse Last Names by Origin Baby Name Lists How to Choose a Name
Girl name origins & meanings:
- English : The city
Girl name variations
Family name origins & meanings:
- English (mainly southern) : from the Old French habitational name and personal name Paris (see Paris 1). Parrish is the most common form of the name in English, and is the result of confusion between -s and -sh (compare Norris), reinforced by folk etymological association with the modern English word parish. In the 17th and 18th centuries the surname was occasionally bestowed on foundlings brought up at the expense of the parish.


until a switch back to the first tree is necessary. The alternative is the coroutine or cofunction of the current traversal function.
 Cont = element -> Cont -> List of element
 merge tree1 tree2 =
 let rec
 traverse tree cont switch alternative =
 if null tree then
 cont switch alternative
 traverse (left tree) (travright tree cont) switch alternative,
 travright tree cont switch alternative =
 if null tree then
 cont switch alternative
 else if elt tree <= switch then
 (elt tree).(traverse (right tree) cont switch alternative)
 alternative (elt tree) (travright tree cont ), --- [*]
 m tree1 cont1 tree2 cont2 =
 if not null (left tree1) then
 m (left tree1) (travright tree1 cont1) tree2 cont2
 else if not null (left tree2) then
 m tree2 cont2 tree1 cont1
 else if elt tree1 <= elt tree2 then
 travright tree1 cont1 (elt tree2) (travright tree2 cont2)
 travright tree2 cont2 (elt tree1) (travright tree1 cont1),
 fin switch cont = cont maxint halt,
 halt switch cont = nil
 if null tree1 then
 traverse tree2 halt maxint halt
 else if null tree2 then
 traverse tree1 halt maxint halt
 else m tree1 fin tree2 fin
 fin, halt :Cont
 traverse, travright :Tree of element -> Cont -> Cont
 m :Tree of element -> Cont -> Tree of element -> Cont -> List of element
 merge : Tree of element -> Tree of element -> List of element
A continuation simulates a coroutine. Its element parameter is a parameter of the resumption. The Cont parameter is the other coroutine, itself to be resumed at a later date. When the alternative is resumed [*] it is given a switch parameter and the "current" coroutine. Note that travright is not a continuation but
 travright t c :Cont, if t:Tree of element, c:Cont
If one of the trees is empty, traverse the other tree. Otherwise'm' finds the least element of tree1 (and later tree2) while building a continuation to traverse tree1. When the continuation for each tree is built, the appropriate one is started and the two of them swap control as necessary.
Pascal and Algol.
The treemerge function cannot be programmed in Pascal because this language does not allow recursive function types such as 'Cont'. However it can be programmed in Algol-68 which does allow such types.
McVitie and Wilson give an Algol-60 program for the stable marriage problem [McVi71, algorithm 2 and sec3.2]. It uses recursive procedure calls in a way that mimics continuations. Coincidentally, it appeared at about the same time as Mazurkiewicz's paper [Mazu71]. The stable marriage problem has a natural solution by coroutines [Alli83].
The use of continuations allow a function to govern the flow of control into and out of what would normally be considered a subsequent computation. This allows unusual control regimes such as non-determinism and coroutines to be simulated in functional programming. In particular, non-deterministic grammars can be parsed by simple recursive descent plus continuations and functions can be made to cooperate as coroutines.
[Alli83] L. Allison. Stable marriages by coroutines. Information Processing Letters 16 pp61-65 Feb 1983.
[Carl84] M.Carlsson. On implementing Prolog in functional programming. 1984 International Symposium on Logic Programming pp154-159.
[Cloc81] W.F.Clocksin, C.S.Mellish. Programming in Prolog. Springer Verlag 1981.
[Jone84] N.D.Jones, A.Mycroft. Denotational semantics of Prolog. 1984 International Symposium on Logic Programming pp281-288
[Mazu71] A.W.Mazurkiewicz. Proving algorithms by tail functions. Information and Control 18 p220-_PHONE_.
[McVi71] D.G.McVitie, L.B.Wilson. The stable marriage problem. CACM 14(7) pp486-490 July 1971, and algorithm 411 CACM 14(7) pp491-492 July 1971.
[Miln76] R.Milne, C.Strachey. A Theory of Programming Language Semantics. Chapman Hall 1976 (2 vols).
[Nich85] T.Nicholson, N.Foo. A denotational semantics for Prolog. Basser Dept. Computer Science, University of Sydney 1985.
[Stra74] C.Strachey, C.P.Wadsworth. Continuations, a mathematical semantics for handling full jumps. PRG-11 Oxford University 1974
See [treemerge.a68], [Pascal] and also [1990].
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Builder's Old Measurement
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 (Redirected from Burthen)
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See also: tonnage
Builder's Old Measurement (BOM or bm) is the method used in England from approximately 1650 to 1849 for calculating the cargo capacity of a ship. It is a volumetric measurement of cubic capacity. It estimated the tonnage of a ship based on length and maximum beam. It is expressed in "tons burden" (Early Modern English: burthen, Middle English: byrthen ), and abbreviated "tons bm".
The formula is:
{{Tonnage}} = \frac {({Length}- ({{Beam}\times\frac{3} {5}})) \times {Beam} \times \frac {Beam}{2}} {94}
The Builder's Old Measurement formula remained in effect until the advent of steam propulsion. Steamships required a different method of estimating tonnage, because the ratio of length to beam was larger and a significant volume of internal space was used for boilers and machinery. In 1849, the Moorsom System was created in Great Britain. The Moorsom system calculates the cargo-carrying capacity in cubic feet, another method of volumetric measurement. The capacity in cubic feet is then divided by 100 cubic feet of capacity per gross ton, resulting in a tonnage expressed in tons.
History and derivation[edit]
King Edward I levied the first tax on the hire of ships in England in 1303 based on tons burthen. Later, King Edward III levied a tax of 3 shillings on each "tun" of imported wine, equal to £106.03 today (using the last year of Edward III's reign, 1377, as the base year). At that time a "tun" was a wine container of 252 gallons weighing about 2,240 lb (1,020 kg), a weight known today as a long ton or imperial ton. In order to estimate the capacity of a ship in terms of 'tun' for tax purposes, an early formula used in England was:
{{Tonnage}} = \frac {{Length}\times {Beam} \times {Depth}} {100}
 - Length is the length (undefined), in feet
 - Beam is the beam, in feet.
 - Depth is the depth of the hold, in feet below the main deck.
The numerator yields the ship's volume expressed in cubic feet.
If a "tun" is deemed to be equivalent to 100 cubic feet, then the tonnage is simply the number of such 100 cubic feet 'tun' units of volume.
 - 100 the divisor is unitless, so tonnage would be expressed in 'ft³ of tun'.[1]
In 1678 Thames shipbuilders used a method assuming that a ship's burden would be 3/5 of its displacement. Since tonnage is calculated by multiplying length × beam × draft × block coefficient, all divided by 35 ft³ per ton of seawater, the resulting formula would be:
{{Tonnage}} = \frac {{Length}\times\ {Beam} \times \frac {Beam}{2} \times \frac {3}{5}\times {0.62}} {35}
 - Draft is estimated to be half of the beam.
 - Block coefficient is based on an assumed average of 0.62.
 - 35 ft³ is the volume of one ton of sea water.[2]
Or by solving :
In 1694 a new British law required that tonnage for tax purposes be calculated according to a similar formula:
{{Tonnage}} = \frac {{Length}\times\ {Beam} \times {Depth}} {94}
This formula remained in effect until the Builder's Old Measurement rule was put into use in 1720, and then mandated by Act of Parliament in 1773.
 - Depth to deck
The height from the underside of the hull, excluding the keel itself, at the ship's midpoint, to the top of the uppermost full length deck.[3]
 - Depth in hold
 - Main deck
Main deck, that is used in context of depth measurement, is usually defined as the uppermost full length deck. For the 16th century ship Mary Rose, main deck is the second uppermost full length deck.[4] In a calculation of the tonnage of Mary Rose the draft was used instead of the depth.[5]
American tons burthen[edit]
The British took the length measurement from the outside of the stem to the outside of the sternpost; the Americans measured from inside the posts. The British measured breadth from outside the planks, whereas the American measured the breadth from inside the planks. Lastly, the British divided by 94, whereas the Americans divided by 95.
The upshot was that American calculations gave a lower number than the British. For instance, when the British measured the captured USS President, their calculations gave her a burthen of _PHONE_ tons, whereas the American calculations gave the burthen as 1444 tons.[6] The British measure appears to be about 6% greater than the American.
The US system was in use from 1789 until 1864, when a modified version of the Moorsom System was adopted.[7]
See also[edit]
Thames Measurement
 1. ^ a b Kemp, ed., P. (1976). The Oxford Companion to Ships & the Sea. Oxford University Press. p. 876. ISBN 0-19-211553-7.
 2. ^ Pearn, Rodney Stone. "Tonnage Measurement of Ships". Articles. Steamship Mutual. Retrieved 2007-04-23.
 3. ^ a b Schäuffelen, Otmar (2005). Chapman great sailing ships of the world. Hearst Books. p. xx. ISBN 978-1-58816-384-4.
 4. ^ "Construction and Dimensions". The Mary Rose Trust. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
 5. ^ Fielding, Andrew. "The Mary Rose - a Model". Not published. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
 6. ^ Henderson, James, CBE (1994) The Frigates: An account of the lighter warships of the Napoleonic Wars, _PHONE_. (London:Leo Cooper), p.167. ISBN 0-85052-432-6
 7. ^ Essex, Phil; Mork, Craig S.; Pomeroy, Craig A. "An Owner's Guide to Tonnage Admeasurement _PHONE_" (pdf). Jensen Maritime Consultants, Inc. Retrieved 2014-05-29.
External links[edit]


text:
Nov. 18, 2010 When cardiac or skeletal muscle is not receiving enough oxygen to meet metabolic demands, a person will experience pain, such as angina, chest pain during a heart attack, or leg pain during a vigorous sprint. This type of pain is called "ischemic" pain and is sensed in the body by receptors on sensory neurons.
It has been suggested that lactic acid, which increases during muscle exertion under conditions where oxygen is low, is a potential mediator of ischemic pain via action at acid sensing channel #3 (ASIC3). However, the acid signal it generates is quite subtle and is unlikely to act alone.
"In our study, we examined whether other compounds that appear during ischemia might work synergistically with acid upon ASIC3," explains senior study author, Dr. Edwin W. McCleskey. "We found that another compound released from ischemic muscle, adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), works together with acid by increasing the sensitivity of ASIC3 on sensory neurons." Importantly, ATP levels have been shown to rise rapidly outside ischemic muscle cells and synergistic action of ATP and acid has been observed in animal models of ischemia.
The researchers went on to show that ATP binds to a membrane purine receptor, called P2X, and that P2X and ASIC appear to form a molecular complex that serves to sensitize ASIC to acid. "Taken together, our results help to explain the paradox that acid appears incapable of triggering ischemic pain by itself yet buffering acid severely decreases sensory detection of ischemic pain," concludes Dr. McCleskey. "ATP, which is released from oxygen-deprived contracting muscle, increases the ability of ASICs to respond to a slight decrease in pH."
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text:
Pecos River Ecosystem Monitoring Project
The Pecos River Ecosystem Project is attempting to minimize the negative impacts of saltcedar on the river ecosystem, and improve the efficiency of water delivery and stream flow. The project is designed to decrease the number of saltcedar with aerial application of herbicide along the banks of the river. The project is concerned with the effect of saltcedar on both quality and quantity of the water of the Pecos River as a result of mortality of the plant from along the banks. Specifically, the study is mainly interested in water delivery efficiency and salinity of the river. The effects of saltcedar on water quality are observed through a series of annual water samples taken along the river from Red Bluff Reservoir to Girvin, hourly electrical conductivity measurements at two sites, and comparison of this data to historical water quality data. Any change in water quantity is determined by comparing historical release/delivery schedules to current schedules from the Red Bluff Water and Power Control District. Water salvage from control of saltcedar is being estimated using a series of shallow groundwater monitoring wells.


text:
If you haven't met Llalacorn, the newest species of the Hatchimals family yet, get ready to be wowed. Spin Master's newest take on Hatchimals is called Hatchimals Wow, and it's more impressive than ever.
The egg itself is humungous, so kids ages 5 and up will get pumped before they even hatch their new friend. It only takes 5 minutes to hatch, too; so it doesn't require a lot of waiting around. Kids can tap and tilt the egg in different directions to wake up the Hatchimal. Even before it leaves the egg, kids can still interact with it according to its changing eye color (which shines through the plastic eggshell). Different colors mean different things, similar to a mood ring. And this Hatchimal has plenty of mood swings (#relatable)! For example, if the Hatchimal feels playful (yellow eyes), kids can tilt the egg backward and right side up repeatedly until it gets dizzy (green eyes). If it feels cuddly (pink eyes), kids need to tilt it backward and hold it there to cuddle.
When kids see the eyes turn rainbow, that means it's hatching time! The Hatchimal will grow taller until it pushes the top of the egg off as it sings "Hatchy Birthday," the bop of a generation. Instead of cracking through the shell like the older versions, the Hatchimals Wow egg splits in two so that kids can reuse it — it's the first re-hatchable Hatchimal!
The big reveal is the new Hatchimal's species: It's a Llalacorn! Half llama, and half unicorn, this Hatchimal has purple-and-pink fur, a snout like a llama instead of the usual beak, a unicorn horn, plastic wings, and the signature glittering eyes. The best part is that the Llalacorn is incredibly tall — it can grow up to 32 inches long when it extends its neck all the way.
There are lots of ways that kids can make the Llalacorn grow tall: tickle its belly, tap its toes, or make it chase its fruit toy by holding the included glitter-filled berry against the Llalacorn's forehead or belly. Kids shouldn't push the Hatchimal down or pull it up though. Let it grow or shrink on its own to avoid breaking it.
There are also so many things that this interactive pet can do, including sing, dance, sneeze, hiccup, play peek-a-boo, and more. Kids can even record their voice using the Llalacorn and play it back at different pitches.
The Llalacorn's eye color will continue to change after it hatches, so kids can continue to interact with it based on its mood. For example, if the Llalacorn is sleepy (white eyes), kids can play the "Top Tap" game to wake it up. If it's excited (orange eyes), kids can hypnotize it to calm it down.
When kids are ready for another hatch, they can put the Llalacorn back inside the egg for another round of "Hatchy Birthday!" The Llalacorn can make more than 250 sounds and reactions, so kids can discover more surprises every time they play.


text:
Objective: In two previous randomized controlled trials Titov et al. demonstrated significant benefit from an Internetand email-based treatment programme for social phobia. The present study (Shyness 3) explores whether participants are able to complete this programme independently. Method: A total of 98 individuals with social phobia were randomly assigned to a clinician-assisted computerized cognitive behavioural treatment (CaCCBT) group, a self-guided computerized CBT (CCBT) group, or to a waitlist control group. CaCCBT group participants completed the usual Shyness programme consisting of six online lessons, cognitive behavioural homework assignments, email contact with a therapist, and participation in an online discussion forum. CCBT group participants accessed the same resources except for therapist emails. An intention-to-treat model was used for data analyses. Results: A total of 77% of CaCCBT and 33% of CCBT group participants completed all lessons. Significant differences were found after treatment between CaCCBT and control groups (mean between-groups effect size (ES) for the social phobia measures = 1.04), and between the CaCCBT and CCBT groups (mean between-groups ES for the social phobia measures = 0.66). No significant differences were found after treatment between the CCBT and control groups (mean between-groups ES for the social phobia measures = 0.38). CCBT participants, however, who completed the six lessons made good progress (mean within-group ES for the social phobia measures = 0.62). Quantitative and qualitative data indicate that both the CaCCBT and CCBT procedures were acceptable to participants. Conclusions: The reliability of this Internet-based treatment programme for social phobia has been confirmed. The therapist-guided condition was superior to the self-guided condition, but a subgroup of participants still benefited considerably from the latter. These data confirm that self-guided education or treatment programmes for common anxiety disorders can result in significant improvements.
- Clinician-assisted computerized cognitive behavioural therapy
- Randomized controlled trial
- Social phobia


Definitions for diaryˈdaɪ ə ri
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word diary
Princeton's WordNet
 1. diary, journal(noun)
 a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations
 2. diary(noun)
 a personal journal (as a physical object)
 1. diary(Noun)
 A daily log of experiences, especially those of the writer.
 2. diary(Noun)
 The method or media used to keep such experiences.
 They kept separate diaries. His was on paper and her diary was on her computer's hard drive.
 3. diary(Noun)
 A calendar or appointment book.
 4. diary(Adjective)
 Lasting for one day.
Webster Dictionary
 1. Diary(noun)
 a register of daily events or transactions; a daily record; a journal; a blank book dated for the record of daily memoranda; as, a diary of the weather; a physician's diary
 2. Diary(adj)
 lasting for one day; as, a diary fever
 3. Origin: [L. diarium, fr. dies day. See Deity.]
 1. Diary
 "Diary" is a song by American recording artist Alicia Keys from her second studio album, The Diary of Alicia Keys. Written by Keys and Kerry Brothers, Jr., the song features the American group Tony! Toni! Toné!, and was released on June 29, 2004 as the album's third single. It was nominated for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals at the 2005 Grammy Awards. At one time, "Diary" had been released as a double A-side with "If I Ain't Got You". The song's Hani remixes gave Keys her first—and so far only—chart-topper on the Hot Dance Club Play in late 2004. It also peaked at number eight on the Billboard Hot 100 and number two on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. Keys and Tony! Toni! Toné!, never sang the song live together, to date.
The Roycroft Dictionary
 1. diary
 1. To see one's self as no one else cares to see us. 2. A book that describes the birth, effulgence and disappearance of pimples. 3. The lavatory of literature.
The Foolish Dictionary, by Gideon Wurdz
 1. DIARY
 An honest autobiography. A good keepsake, but a bad give-away.
British National Corpus
 1. Spoken Corpus Frequency
 Rank popularity for the word 'diary' in Spoken Corpus Frequency: #4728
 2. Written Corpus Frequency
 Rank popularity for the word 'diary' in Written Corpus Frequency: #2888
 3. Nouns Frequency
 Rank popularity for the word 'diary' in Nouns Frequency: #1550
Translations for diary
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Reading versus readings
Discussion in 'English Only' started by Tenacious Learner, Dec 7, 2012.
 1. Tenacious Learner
 Tenacious Learner Senior Member
 Hi teachers,
 As a title, both of them are valid, aren't they? They are to express 5 readings together, readings from 5 different chapters.
 a) Reading chapters 1-5
 b) Readings chapters 1-5
 Thanks in advance.
 2. dreamlike
 dreamlike Senior Member
 Hi Thinking Spain,
 to be blunt, I don't really know what is it that you want to say by "Reading(s) chapters 1-5". It's supposed to be a title, but of what?
 Out of these two, it's "reading chapters 1-5" that makes sense to me, and I would take "reading" to be acting as a verb rather than a noun.
 reading chapters 1 - 5 -- performing the activity of reading of chapters from one to five.
 3. Tenacious Learner
 Tenacious Learner Senior Member
 Hi dreamlike.
 It is title of one of my manuscripts. Students have already done 5 chapters, each chapter has a reading at the end, a story that continues on and on. 20 chapter in total.
 Every 5 chapters I do a review of the structures and I also put, in this case, these five stories together.
 So, It is 'Reading Chapters 1- 5'.
 I would have never seen it that way. Thanks a lot.
 4. b3n5p34km4n Member
 American English
 If the idea is that from each chapter one through five, you select a few passages for students to read, then I can see "Readings for/from Chapters 1-5" or "Readings Chapters 1-5" to be more brief. Also, "Reading Chapters 1-5" makes sense to me only insofar as that could the the title of an assignment where the students must read all or part of those five chapters.
 5. Tenacious Learner
 Tenacious Learner Senior Member
 Thanks a lot for your help. They have to read all of those five chapters.
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text:
Form of dance music from southwestern Louisiana, U.S., with roots in French, African American, and Afro-Caribbean styles. Similar to the music of the Cajuns (displaced French Canadians who settled in Louisiana), zydeco was created by the Creoles (those of African heritage in Louisianan French culture). Its name is thought to come from a modified pronunciation of the French phrase les haricots (the beans) heard in a popular song. The music usually features guitar, accordion, fiddle (violin), and washboard played to a driving beat, but it may also include electric guitar, electric bass, saxophone, and keyboards. It became widely popular in the 1980s through the performances of Clifton Chenier, Queen Ida, Buckwheat Zydeco, Boozoo Chavis, and others.
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