3D Tutorials & Courses Online
Matte Painting: winter
This is my second matte painting tutorial (first tutorial here).
Here I wanted to change the season of a scene from summer to winter.
Specific device used: Wacom Intuos² A4
Alright, first let's modify the colors.
Using Image > Adjust > Hue / Saturation, try to get softer colors with less contrasts and saturation. Make it look cold!
Create a new layer
Now we can begin painting the snow. Use a rough brush to create irregular shapes. In the tools window, set the foreground color to pure white, and the background color to a blue-tinted white which will be used to add shadows on the snow.
All steps involve working alternatively with these two colors.
Begin by adding snow on the edges of the house where the snow would naturally fall onto.
With the blueish white, paint the inferior part of the snow (the shadows). This will add depth and will simulate the way snow reacts to light.
Create a new layer
With the same brush and same white, paint the windows to give them a frosted look. Set this layer's transfer mode to Overlay to make it match.
Create a new layer
Same principle, on the roof this time.
Make sure you stay true to the original lighting. Parts where the sun directly hits the roof should be a lot brighter than the darker spots, which will blueish. This is important especially on the cone shaped parts.
When everything will be painted, you can then use the Blur tool and make a smooth transition between pure white and blueish white. After that, use the Burn and Dodge tools to increase or decrease contrasts. If you use Burn on the blue-tinted whites, it will give you an ice look, which can be interesting.
Create a new layer
Now we are going to paint the ground. I used an irregular brush so that the grass wasn't entirely covered. Then using the blueish color I added nuances to simulate an undulating look. I also left a clean way that goes to the door.
Same principle to add snow applies to the trees and bushes in the garden.
Now let's do something to avoid boredom from only adding snow!
Using the Dodge tool, on the house layer, brighten spots here and there to add frosted parts, as well as to lighten up the dark parts of the house (like the inside of the porch). Do not forget that snow is a reflective surface, it will bounce light off pretty much everywhere.
Using the same method, brighten up the rest of the scene like the trees and sky.
Subtle, but necessary since it adds the important detail that sells the overall effect and makes the image look natural.
Create a new layer
Now on to the extremely boring step : powder snow over the trees. Powder is subtle, so don't overdo it!
Still using the same method, add snow accumulations on branches, the most difficult part being to actually see where those branches are. It depends on the quality of your picture.
If you have chosen a picture without trees you are a cheater!!
For the big branches in the foreground, we can see leaves. I chose to add snow on groups of leaves, which can be time consuming, but you should not choose the shortest way over quality work.
Create a new adjustment layer : Brightness/Contrast
This step is optional, but I created a layer and have applied a linear gradient from top to bottom to increase the contrast at the bottom of the pic.
Here it is!
You can compare the original image and the matte painting!
Copyright © Sebastien Gaucher
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If you experience quality issues on your network, you may want to look into monitoring your network to draw any clues about the issues. A tool called SmokePing comes handy in this case. SmokePing is one of the best network latency visualization tools available on Linux.
For latency visualization, SmokePing relies on a list of other probing utilities (e.g., fping, tcpping, etc.) to measure network latencies. The individual measurements generated by these probing utilities are then stored locally as time-series data. SmokePing use this data to visualize packet latency, loss and jitter over a time period.
In this tutorial, I will describe how to measure network latency, packet loss and jitter with SmokePing.
If SELinux is enabled on your system, SmokePing may not run properly. So make sure to disable SELinux on your system. To disable SELinux, edit /etc/selinux/config as follows, and reboot.
To install SmokePing on Debian or Ubuntu, do the following:
$ sudo aptitude install smokeping curl libauthen-radius-perl libnet-ldap-perl libnet-dns-perl libio-socket-ssl-perl libnet-telnet-perl libsocket6-perl libio-socket-inet6-perl apache2 sendmail
To install SmokePing on Fedora, run:
Once you have installed SmokePing, configure it as follows.
cgiurl = http://ip_address_of_your_host/cgi-bin/smokeping.cgi
By default, SmokePing will measure network latencies for local host, by using fping. You can customize this default settings as you wish (e.g., add additional probing destinations, change probing tools, etc). Read on to learn how to customize SmokePing settings.
To configure probing tools to use in SmokePing, edit the following.
+ FPing binary = /usr/bin/fping offset = 50% step = 60 timeout = 10 pings = 5 + TCPPing binary = /usr/bin/tcpping forks = 5 offset = 50% step = 60 timeout = 10 pings = 5
In the above example, I define two probing tools: fping and tcpping. The former uses ICMP packets to measure latencies, while the latter uses TCP packets. tcpping is useful when a destination host blocks ICMP packets.
- binary: path for a given probing tool.
- fork: how many processes to use for probing.
- offset: how varied multiple concurrent probes are in terms of their launch time within a given time interval.
- step: duration of time interval (in seconds) for probing.
- timeout: timeout value to be used in a given probing tool.
- pings: how many pings should be sent in each time interval.
To configure a list of destination hosts to probe, edit the following.
probe = FPing menu = Latency title = Latency Measurement remark = SmokePing Latency Test. + Internal_Host menu = Internal_Hosts title = Cloud Latency Measurements ++ Home title = Home host = 192.168.1.6 ++ Verizon_FIOS title = Verizon FIOS host = 10.0.0.4 ++ Optimum title = Optimum Online host = 10.0.0.5 ++ EC2 title = EC2 East host = ec2-102-22-3-146.compute-1.amazonaws.com ++ Azure title = Azure East host = edgesrver.cloudapp.net + External_Router menu = External_Routers title = Cloud Latency Measurements probe = TCPPing ++ Verizon_DSL title = Verizon DSL probe = TCPPing host = 18.104.22.168
You can customize the above file as you want. For each probing target (under "++"), you can define a custom probing tool to use (e.g., "probe = TCPPing"). For a complete list of probing tools that are compatible with SmokePing, refer to this list. Note that you will need to install any necessary probing tools separately if you decide to use them.
Whenever you change SmokePing configuration, be sure to restart SmokePing as follows.
On Ubuntu or Debian:
SmokePing may fail to restart if there are existing measurements collected based on the previous configuration, and the updated configuration is not compatible with existing measurements. In that case, you will need to remove previously collected measurements (located in /var/lib/smokeping) in order to be able to restart SmokePing.
You can browse latency measurements visualized by SmokePing at http://ip_address_of_your_host/cgi-bin/smokeping.cgi. This web page will automatically be refreshed as latency measurements are accumulated.
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source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Cebu City told: Get ready for bus transit project-A A +A
Tuesday, July 17, 2012
CEBU CITY – Vehicular traffic will be disturbed. There may be pollution, loss of vegetation and trees. Power, water, telecommunications and other utilities may be disrupted.
These are among the environmental impacts of the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) in Cebu City once its implementation and construction will start.
But project proponents assured these environmental impacts will be temporary and will last only during the construction period.
Representatives from the World Bank, Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC), and Woodfields Consultancy Inc. presented on Monday to the different stakeholders the potential environmental impacts of the project. Woodfields is the consultancy firm that conducted the environmental impact assessment.
Dr. David Green, the environmental specialist from Woodfields, listed on Monday in his presentation 14 environmental impacts in the construction phase of the BRT and six others during the project's operation phase.
To address all these concerns, Green said there is a need to establish an environmental management plan (EMP), which will outline specific strategies to offset any harm done on the environment.
During the construction, among the environmental impacts are the disturbance of pedestrians and the flow of traffic in the city. Construction materials will have to be stockpiled inside and around the project site.
The supply of power, water, telecommunications and other utility systems and services may also be interrupted, particularly along the BRT corridor.
The BRT route in the city will be from Bulacao, passing through N. Bacalso Ave., then to Osmeña Blvd., Escario St. and straight to Barangay Talamban.
Green added that the BRT will cause pollution due to solid and liquid wastes, hazardous wastes, and excavation spoils. There will also be noise pollution, which could be an issue for schools and hospitals.
Aside from these, Green said there will be "localized" ponding and flooding within the project site, construction camps and other areas adjacent to the project. The project may also cause siltation of nearby drainage channels and waterways.
There will be loss of vegetation and trees along the BRT corridor once the project will be implemented. Roadways in the city will have to be widened to give way to the buses that will be used for the mass transport system.
For the operation phase, Green said the environmental impacts of the BRT project will include noise pollution, air pollution, pollution due to solid and wastewater generation, conflict on power and energy sources, and traffic congestion and vehicular mobility.
Green said there is a need to make sure that the BRT project will comply with the Department of Environment and Natural Resources' (DENR) noise standards and vehicle emission standards, among others.
There is also a need to formulate a solid waste management plan that will be in line with Republic Act 9003 or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act.
Green also sees the need to use solar panels to minimize reliance on the city's local power provider.
As to the disturbance to pedestrian and vehicular traffic, Green said a holistic traffic management plan is recommended.
There is a need for a utility re-provisioning plan, to deal with interruptions in power, water, telecommunications and other utilities.
Other recommendations include the provision of a construction material management plan, drainage management plan, excavation protection and runoff control plan, and provision of vegetation and tree replacement and landscaping plan, among others.
Green said all these plans, which will be contained in the EMP, will be formulated by them with the help of the agencies and the City Government.
"The EMP is a working document. If there are unexpected impacts that will arise during the construction period of the project, then we have to include them in it," he said.
Delfin San Pedro, environmental impact team leader, assured that the environmental impacts of the BRT project will only be temporary.
"Majority of these will only be experienced during the construction period of the project," he said. San Pedro said the construction of the BRT system in the city will take one to two years.
Proponents of the BRT had said they are aiming for an October 2013 start and for the system to be operational by 2015.
San Pedro said they are already working with the EMP and its final draft will be submitted to the World Bank and DOTC by August for feedback. (Sun.Star Cebu)
Published in the Sun.Star Cebu newspaper on July 17, 2012.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Well the Missus and I trundled down to Providence yesterday to catch Circus at the Rhode Island School of Design Museum and, say, it was swell.
For starters, there was the exhibit itself.
The spectacle of the American and European circus takes center stage this summer in Circus—a glimpse into the visual world of this phenomenon during the height of its popularity, 1850 to 1960. Approximately 40 circus-themed paintings, drawings, prints, photographs, and posters by artists such as Alexander Calder, Marc Chagall, Henri Matisse, James-Jacques-Joseph Tissot, and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec delve into life under the big top and its wider connections to culture and society.
During its heyday, the circus was a site of extreme feats of human physicality and wondrous phenomena. The daring athleticism and grace of acrobats, trick riders, and trapeze artists were featured alongside the often strange and grotesque humor and antics of the clown troupe. Also on display were "human curiosities"—bearded ladies, conjoined twins, sword swallowers, and others—who found a kind of fame in sensationalized sideshows.
The Tissot painting alone was worth the price of admission (which, admittedly, was free for us thanks to some superpass the Missus possesses).
But beyond the exhibit, it was also Design the Night night at RISD, which featured all kinds of circus-related fun, from a "custom circus tent, created by pneumatic art and design studio Pneuhaus (RISD alums Matthew Muller and August Lehrecke)," which, truth be told, was a bit underinflated, to an artist tour with "glamorous guest gallery guide Kristen Minsky—RISD alumna and director of Chifferobe Events and vintage dance company The TropiGals," who, truth be told, was cute as a button.
There was also this delightful interlude:
Office Hours: Questions From a Clown
Challenging seriousness with silliness, Dizzy the Clown offers tokens of gratification in exchange for conversations about passions and purpose prompted by specific questions. Performed by artist Kylie Why.
And this informative gallery talk:
Exhibition Tour: Circus
Alison Chang, Andrew W. Mellon Curatorial Fellow in the RISD Museum's Department of Prints, Drawings, and Photographs—and the curator of the new exhibition Circus—leads visitors on a tour of the show.
Not to mention the Hands-On Art workshop in which you could "create your own circus couture – big top chapeaus, collars and cuffs – with provided materials and unlimited creativity" as well as guidance by art instructor Paul Carpentier. (The Missus, truth be told, made a fetching bracelet that was the envy of the assembled throng.)
In other words, a splendid time was guaranteed for all.
I blame Amanda Palmer.
On another note: no heart-warming Norman Rockwell's of a blond, blue-eyed, mid-western boy running away to join the circus?
Not a Rockwell in sight for once.
And where did you go for lunch or dinner?
We had lunch at Cafe Choklad (_URL_ and dinner at Geoff's (_URL_
Disappointing, eh? But fine by us.
I blame Amanda Palmer.
Easy way out . . .

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Analysis of Diffraction Corrections for Rectangular Ultrasonic Radiators in a Rigid Screen,
FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIV WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OHIO
Pagination or Media Count:
The paper presents the results of the calculation of diffraction corrections for radiating and receiving transducers of the square shape. Graphs and tables of the average pressure on the receiving transducer as a function of the generalized distance are given.
- Electrical and Electronic Equipment


text:
relating to the 10 Pound Pom Scheme, are held by the National Archives of Australia (NAA). You can search for such documents using the NAA's online RecordSearch tool and request copies of certain items. However only about 25% of their entire collection is online as of yet. If you cannot find your name You will need to contact them to obtain your records through their Making Australia Home program.
Hi Hollie, an interesting question! The initial theory of the Ten Pound Pom scheme was to dramatically increase the Australian population amid fears of a Japanese invasion and the Curtin Government's policy of 'populate or perish' was developed. Assisted Passage schemes, such as the 'Ten Pound Poms' were phased out in the 1980's, but who knows what may happen in the future!
Try the National Archives first, Angela, but bear in mind that they only hold official government records, and that the grazier will only be mentioned in those records if the sponsorship program was associated with the government. Hope this helps!
Janet, it can be very difficult to trace living people. In Australia, records are generally only made when people interact with the government. Other than that, you might try searching Australian telephone directories like the White Pages. Their website has a search tool that can provide contact details of many people living in Australia. For evidence of births, deaths and marriages, you will need to contact the relevant registry in an Australia state. Good luck with your research.
Maree, residency and citizenship laws have changed several times since 1949, when the Nationality and Citizenship Act came into effect. Long-term residency in Australia does not necessarily mean that a person is an Australian citizen. You'll find more information at this government-run citizenship website, or by contacting the Department of Immigration and Citizenship.
Potentially yes, but to be sure, you will need to contact the National Archives of Australia for official records.
Hi Ian,You can attempt to locate your friends by either searching the White Pages or contacting the Australian Electoral Commision. Good luck!
This question was answered above on the 6th December 2011, the 7th July 2010 and the 3rd March 2010. Hope this helps!
Hi Gay, the answer to your question can be found in comment that was published on the 03 Sep 2010 at 14:38, which states that "residency and citizenship laws have changed several times since 1949, when the Nationality and Citizenship Act came into effect. Long-term residency in Australia does not necessarily mean that a person is an Australian citizen. You'll find more information at this government-run citizenship website, or by contacting the Department of Immigration and Citizenship, we hope this assists.
Louise, all government documents connected to immigration have been managed by the National Archives of Australia since 1923. You can use their website to conduct research with these documents, including requesting copies.
The only thing we can suggest is that you contact the National Archives of Australia or the Department of Immigration and Citizenship with your documentation to see if they are able to sort it out.
Hi Les, we had a search for this and couldn't come up with much, so we contacted the helpful librarians at State Library of Victoria via their live chat service (what a useful resource!). They identified three potential titles for you:
1. Horizons ahead. (Text in English, German, Dutch, Italian and Polish.) September _PHONE_.2. New settler, incorporating The new settler in WA vol.1 no.9, Feb 1951-vol.11, no.120, May 1960. (Earlier title The new settler in Western Australia, vol.1 no.1, June 1950-vol.1 no.8, Jan 1951).3. Migrants' magazine and Aussiana news, vol.1 1950-vol.2 1951
All these publications are held by the State Library of WA and the National Library of Australia, except for the third, which is only held by the State Library of WA. Unfortunately SLV do not have any holdings, so it's not possible to check these locally.
Hi Jennifer - Twentieth century immigration records, including information and documentation relating to the 10 Pound Pom Scheme, are held by the National Archives of Australia (NAA). You can search for such documents using the NAA's online RecordSearch tool and request copies of certain items. You can also contact the NAA directly for further assistance in searching for your own and your family's records.
Unfortunately, this is outside our area of expertise. You will need to contact the Australian Government Department of Immigration and Citizenship to clarify your mother's situation. You may like to visit their citizenship website as well.
The Brooklyn Hostel was at 431 Francis Street Brooklyn, whereas the Altona Hostel was off Kororoit Creek Road, Altona, where what is now known as 'Technopark' currently is. More information about the Brooklyn Hostel can be found by typing 'Brooklyn Migrant Hostel' in the search box on this Heritage Victoria webpage.
Keith's record will be with the NAA. The reason you can't find them is that only about 20% of records have been put online. You will need to contact the NAA directly to ask them to locate the record. Please be aware that there will be a cost involved for this service.
For more information on this subject, please visit our British subjects and Australian citizenship webpage. Though you will be best served by contacting the Australian Government Department of Immigration and Citizenship.
Australian citizenship was created through the Nationality and Citizenship Act 1948, and came into effect 26 January 1949, prior to 1949, Australians could only hold the status of British subjects. Unless you applied for Australian Citizenship you are still a British subject. If you are unsure of what documentation was filled out on your behalf as a child you can obtain records from the National Archives of Australia. You may also be interested in reading the following history of Australian Citizenship. If you wish to apply for citizenship you will need to contact the Department of Immigration.
Twentieth century immigration records, including information and documentation relating to the 10 Pound Pom Scheme, are held by the National Archives of Australia (NAA). You can search for such documents using the NAA's online RecordSearch tool and request copies of certain items. You can also contact the National Archives of Australia through their Making Australia Home project for further assistance in searching for your own and your family's records.
Had a great time at the museum a few weekends ago. As I wrote on my blog post, I feel like its real attraction is in the way the museum is able to tell stories....
To read the latest tweets from _USER_
Follow Immigration Museum on
Hi this is a great website I just can't seem to find some history things.


Los Alamos National Laboratory
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Delivering science and technology to protect our nation and promote world stability
Phase five
Los Alamos physicists have conclusively demonstrated the existence of a new phase of matter.
November 25, 2013
Phase five
Scientists still have more to learn about the exotic physics of specialty materials.
What makes the cuprates special? How about a new phase of matter.
Ceramic metals known as cuprates have mystified physicists for decades. They exhibit a variety of distinct phases of matter, each with its own specific properties, including a phase bearing an exotic type of magnetism, a high-temperature superconducting phase, an ordinary metal phase, a poorly understood and weird metallic phase simply called a strange metal, and an equally poorly understood metallic phase known as the pseudogap. The existence of this last pseudogap phase was recently confirmed in an clever experiment at Los Alamos, marking a potentially important milestone in materials science and high-temperature superconductivity.
Read the complete article (pdf).
View the full issue (pdf).


text:
8th November 2023 Awards / Farming
Food and farming entrepreneur Carlos Bagrie has been awarded the 2024 Nuffield Farming Scholarship, alongside three fellow scholars.
Parliament's environment watchdog, Simon Upton, has written to three farming groups, suggesting they wrongly claimed they had new science on methane emissions.
Hamilton is set to play host to one of the biggest farming events of 2024, with New Zealand Young Farmers confirming the location of next year's FMG Young Farmer of the Year grand final.
The government is investing more than $2m into research on the potential of regenerative farming practices to boost carbon in vegetable and other ground crop-growing soil.
The government is partnering with Ngāi Tahu Farming Limited and Ngāi Tūāhuriri on a whole-farm scale study in North Canterbury to validate the science of regenerative farming, Agriculture Minister Damien O'Connor has announced.
Greenpeace is calling for the phasing out of synthetic nitrogen fertiliser and a reduction in dairy stocking rates following the publication of research into the affect of dairy farming on water in Canterbury.
The Government has deferred the introduction of Intensive Winter Grazing practice regulations for a year.
A two-year project will look at the viability of the industry, worth more than $100m to NZ a year.


text:
Place of Origin:
Hermann was the butler of Count Scarlioni.
Hermann was once a Nazi soldier on a train that transported stolen art before being rescued during an attack. He came to work for Count Scarlioni. He sold several items on behalf of the Count, such as several Gutenberg Bibles. (City of Death)
When the Count returned to 1979, he was in his true form and Hermann was nearby. Not knowing it was the Count, Hermann threw a vase at him, but it missed and hit the machinery, causing an explosion that killed Scaroth. Hermann is seen fleeing as the mansion is set ablaze, but his fate was unknown. (City of Death)


text:
San Cristobal, Nicaragua
- November 29, 1999
- The San Cristobal Volcano erupted and sent
gas and ash 10,000 feet skyward on 22 November. The volcano had been dormant
for several years. Ash rose to levels of around 10,000 feet (~3 km). Local
communities were covered with volcanic ash.
- A resident near San Cristobal has informed
VolcanoWorld that the volcano began erupting on May 20, 1997. As of May
22, the eruption continues. The eruption follows a period increased earthquake
activity reported by Wilfried Strauch of the Department of Geophysics
at the Instituto Nicaragense de Estudios Territoriales. More than
500 volcanic earthquakes were recorded each day shortly before the eruption.
People living near the volcano had reported a strong smell of sulfur gas
prior to the eruption. The last confirmed eruption of San Cristobal was
in 1977. It lasted less that one day and was moderate in size (VEI=2).
Unconfirmed eruptions were reported in 1985 and 1987.


.
my_plot <- incRplot(data = incubation.analysis$incRscan_data,
 time.var = "dec_time",
 day.var = "date",
 inc.temperature.var = "temperature",
 env.temperature.var = "env_temp",
 vector.incubation = "incR_score")
# a ggplot plot is created that can be modified by the user
my_plot + ggplot2::labs(x = "Time", y = "Temperature")
## Warning: Removed 1 rows containing missing values (geom_path).
## Warning: Removed 1 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
## Warning: Removed 1 rows containing missing values (geom_path).
## Extracting incubation metrics Once we have produced incubation scores (located in incR_score), we can apply other incR functions to extract incubation information.
Incubation constancy
This is defined and calculated as the percentage of daily time spent in the nest.
incRatt(data = incubation.analysis[[1]], vector.incubation = "incR_score")
## date percentage_in
## 1 2015-05-07 78.64583
## 2 2015-05-08 68.63354
Incubation activity
incRact calculates onset and end of activity: firs off-bout in the morning and last on-bout in the evening.
incRact(data = incubation.analysis[[1]],
 time_column = "time",
 vector.incubation = "incR_score")
## date first_offbout last_onbout
## 1 2015-05-07 05:47 20:49
## 2 2015-05-08 05:52 13:14
Note that if temperature data exists for the entire day, first_offbout and last_onbout times correspond to onset and end of activity. Biological interpretation of the times yielded by incRatt is needed - e.g., in the example above, last_onbout for May 8 is not telling us the end of daily activity but rather the last on-bout in an uncompleted day of temperature recordings. ### Incubation temperatures This function offers three options. To calculate temperature average and variance between 1) two user-defined time windows, 2) first off-bout and last on-bout as calculated by incRact and 3) calculate twilight times using crepuscule{maptools} and apply twilight times as the temporal window for calculation.
1
incRt(data = incubation.analysis[[1]],
 temp.name = "temperature",
 limits = c(5,21), # time window
 coor = NULL,
 activity.times = FALSE,
 civil.twilight = FALSE,
 time.zone = NULL)
## date day.mean day.var night.mean night.var
## 1 2015-05-07 31.06143 30.03051 33.61665 0._PHONE_
## 2 2015-05-08 22.50848 168.61488 NA NA
2
incRt(data = incubation.analysis[[1]],
 temp.name = "temperature",
 limits = NULL,
 coor = NULL,
 activity.times = TRUE, # incRact is called to define time window
 civil.twilight = FALSE,
 time.zone = "GMT",
 time_column= "time",
 vector.incubation="incR_score")
## date day.mean day.var night.mean night.var
## 1 2015-05-07 30.97323 31.89103 33.69237 0._PHONE_
## 2 2015-05-08 20.73246 168.97885 NA NA
3
incRt(data = incubation.analysis[[1]],
 temp.name = "temperature",
 limits = NULL,
 coor = c(39.5, 40.5), # choose your coordinates
 activity.times = FALSE,
 civil.twilight = TRUE,
 time.zone = "GMT")
## date day.mean day.var night.mean night.var
## 1 2015-05-07 30.63784 29.76609 33.34038 1.265154
## 2 2015-05-08 25.76023 148.19003 NA NA
Calculation of on and off-bouts
incRbout calculates i) the number of on and off-bouts per day along with their average duration and ii) the starting time, duration, starting temperature and final temperature for every on and off-bout detected by incRscan.
bouts <- incRbouts(data = incubation.analysis[[1]],
 vector.incubation = "incR_score",
 sampling.rate = incubation.analysis[[1]]$dec_time[56] - incubation.analysis[[1]]$dec_time[55], # sampling interval
 dec_time = "dec_time",
 temp = "temperature")
# the results are in two tables
names(bouts)
## [1] "total_bouts" "day_bouts"
# bouts per day
head(bouts$day_bouts)
## date number.on.bouts number.off.bouts mean.time.on.bout
## 1 2015-05-07 33 32 0._PHONE_
## 2 2015-05-08 8 7 _PHONE_
## mean.time.off.bout
## 1 0._PHONE_
## 2 0._PHONE_
# bout specific data
head(bouts$total_bouts)
## date type start_time duration start_temp final_temp
## 1 2015-05-07 onbout 0.033 6.90 31.456 32.018
## 2 2015-05-07 offbout 5.783 1.55 30.457 10.374
## 3 2015-05-07 onbout 7.067 0.80 12.128 32.455
## 4 2015-05-07 offbout 7.733 0.55 31.206 18.829
## 5 2015-05-07 onbout 8.200 1.15 19.831 33.141
## 6 2015-05-07 offbout 9.150 0.20 32.080 27.959
Please, if you use the package, cite it as:
incR: a free new R package to analyse incubation behaviour. Pablo Capilla-Lasheras. bioRxiv 232520; doi: _URL_


You are essential.
You matter to someone.
And to that someone, you are the most essential person in the world.
Think about it. What does it mean to be essential?
Essential means: Absolutely Necessary.
And when someone is absolutely necessary, shouldn't we do everything we can to keep them around? Looking around at our own lives, who has been essential to us?
Teachers are absolutely necessary for shaping the minds of their students and helping each child to find the best path in which to grow.
Ministers are absolutely necessary to the believers who flock to them in times of crisis for a word of wisdom, a calming voice to remind them of why they believe.
Doctors and Nurses are absolutely necessary to treat the health issues that plague the sick.
Farmers and Merchants are absolutely necessary to produce the food and other basic living essentials we need for survival.
Therapists and Social Workers are absolutely necessary to listen to the fears of those who feel unsafe, anxious or angry at the world and help them find a healthier way to express those feelings.
We are all absolutely necessary to someone. So hear me when I proclaim this.
Parents are absolutely necessary in the eyes of their children.
But what about the Bad Parents?
Even those who could be labeled as " Bad Parents". You know the ones. Those who use drugs, cause domestic disturbances, or abuse their children. In our eyes, they should be punished and never be allowed to parent a child again. But, in the eyes of their children, they are essential.
I have found that even children who come from hard places, still carry within their hearts a love for their parents and a deep abiding hope that the bad things will stop. Children do not want to be hurt, but their very identity has been built on the belief that they belong with their family.
And we, in an effort to save them sometimes forget that. They are, instead, removed from the only "nest" they have ever known, and placed in a "foreign" neighborhood, with people they have never previously met. It can be terrifying. It can be traumatizing.
I read an article on childhood trauma from the Children's Gateway that said 1 in 4 children placed in foster care develop some form of PTSD. And there are other studies that bear out the fact that children who remain in dysfunctional homes (if arrangements are made where they can remain safe) fare much better mentally and emotionally than those placed in foster care.
Now you may think, "Why is someone who administers a foster care program, talking smack about foster care?" Good question. I am not blaming foster care. I find that the problem comes when we disregard the essential value of family PRIOR to a child going into foster care.
If you have read my prior blogs, you will know that I think foster parents are true heroes. In fact, the families that dedicate themselves to caring for children in the custody of state child welfare agencies ARE ESSENTIAL. They are essential to helping the child who has lost his sense of security, of belonging, and of identity to heal. Did you know that almost 80% of children who are adopted after the rights of their parents are terminated for abuse/neglect are adopted by foster parents? No, the problem is not with those who make sacrifices every day for a child from hard places. In my opinion, the break-down occurs with the initial entry into care in the first place. Fortunately, I am not alone in my opinion. A movement has been underway for a couple of years to encourage states to re-think the removal of children as the first line of defense against child abuse.
Families First Legislation hopes to address that disconnect between keeping children safe and keeping them with their families. States are being mandated to look at the damage that congregate care brings to a traumatized child. As it is being implemented across the US its success will depend heavily on the states who are administrating it. Legislators who allocate money and State leaders who distribute the money hold the keys to creating opportunities of safe placement with family. By focusing on removal and liability, little effort was made to creatively carve innovative services with the essential family unit. But by allocating money, time, staff and innovation, services directed at family preservation rather than family removal will be the first thought of every child welfare worker.
Family Preservation can take many forms.:
Paying a relative to take care of the child while the parent receives mental health treatment
Allowing a parent to live with their child in the home of a relative together
Creating more substance abuse shelters that allow children to remain with their parents
There are so…so…many ways to innovate safety and family preservation.
And it all starts with one simple belief: Parents are essential to the healthy development of their children. If we truly believe that, we would stop at nothing to think outside of the box for ways to keep kids safely where they belong.
8 thoughts on "Essentially Yours
 1. Thank you, Angie. I just read a book about an abused and neglected child who still loved his mother, even though she was deemed an unfit parent. The book is called, "The Boy Who Carried Bricks," by Alton Carter.
 Liked by 2 people
 2. I wish that more often people could look at the specifics of each case. Here we seem to vacillate between removing the child and leaving her in the home despite dire situations. Family First sounds good, and we are doing it here too, but it needs quality workers to really understand the base needs. Here we have too often seen kids left in their original family(all children must stay with their parents) and then murdered. Then of course the pendulum swings the other way.
 Liked by 2 people
 1. I totally agree with you! The only way child welfare will work is if the agency invests in the quality of staff, leadership and the quality of training. The Decision to leave a child in a risky home can only be made by someone who is competent and enough to assess the risk and control the threats. It can be done, but it is not a broad brush by any means
 Liked by 2 people
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text:
Lexical cohesion refers to the reader-perceived unity of text achieved by the author's usage of words with related meanings (Halliday and Hasan, 1976). This article reports on an experiment with 22 readers aimed at finding lexical cohesive patterns in 10 texts. Although there was much diversity in peoples' answers, we identified a common core of the phenomenon, using statistical analysis of agreement patterns and a validation experiment. The core data may now be used as a minimal test set for models of lexical cohesion; we present an example suggesting that models based on mutually exclusive lexical chains will not suffice. In addition, we believe that procedures for revealing and analyzing sub-group patterns of agreement described here may be applied to data collected in other studies of comparable size.
Reader-based exploration of lexical cohesion - Springer


$ 0.00
Iron Glycinate
$ 18.16
Iron bis-glycinate is a well-studied, 100% fully-reacted, patented form of iron exclusively from Albion Laboratories®. The amino acid glycine is actually one of the two starting materials the body uses to synthesize hemoglobin. Therefore, Iron Glycinate contributes two key factors. This form of iron has higher bioavailability, lower toxicity, less food reactivity, less food interactions and has a longer shelf life than any other common form of iron.
- Supplements Inadequate Dietary Intake of Iron
- Supports Increased Requirement for Iron
- Supports Healthy Ferritin and Hemoglobin Levels
Does Not Contain


One ________ Equals About 768 Pages Of Text. – (FIND THE ANSWER)
One Megabyte Equals About 768 Pages Of Text
A megabyte is a unit of digital storage used to measure computer memory or storage capacity. It is usually referred to as MB, and it is usually used as a measure of a computer's RAM capacity. Many people wonder exactly how many pages of text one megabyte is equal to. The answer is that one megabyte is equal to approximately 768 pages of text.
To understand how this works, you need to understand that a megabyte is equal to 1,024 kilobytes (KB). And each kilobyte is equal to 1,024 bytes. Each byte of computer data is the equivalent of one character of text. A page of text is usually around 1,500 characters. Therefore, it stands to reason that 1,500 characters will take up approximately 1 kilobyte of space. So, if you multiply 1,500 characters by 1,024 kilobytes, you get 1,536,000 characters, which is the same as 1 megabyte, or 768 pages of text.
This means that 1 megabyte is quite a lot of data. It is enough space to store hundreds of pages of text, thousands of pictures, or hundreds of songs. If you are looking for a way to store large amounts of information, then a megabyte is a great option.
The amount of pages of text that one megabyte can store will also depend on the type and size of the font used. For example, if you use larger fonts, then it will take up more space and therefore fewer pages of text can be stored in one megabyte. On the other hand, if you use smaller fonts, then more pages of text can be stored in one megabyte.
To summarize, one megabyte is equal to approximately 768 pages of text. This is a great way to store large amounts of information without having to worry about running out of space. Moreover, the exact number of pages of text stored in one megabyte will depend on the type and size of font used.
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text:
UC CalFresh in the Classroom
In the Classroom
This page is intended for Early Childhood Educators to use as a resource to find all of the UC CalFresh curriculum.
Please look to the left bar and click to find:
- Tips for Early Childhood Educators
- Quarterly Newsletters
This Month - At Your Site!
- Summer Squash is a warm season vegetable.
- Yellow squash, zucchini, scallop (Pattypan) and Mid-East are summer squash varieties.
- Summer squash grow on compact vines.
- Summer squash yellow flowers are edible.
- Squash means "something eaten raw."
For more information, visit:


text:
Nature holds something for everyone, as the 48 photographs on display at the Scottsdale Museum of Contemporary Art remind us.
Celebrating the 50th anniversary of The Nature Conservancy, the landscape interpretations by 12 internationally acclaimed photographers recall life and beauty beyond asphalt and concrete.
They remind us of greatness and goodness, not only in the world, but in ourselves. They remind us of our responsibilities as stewards of a rich and varied world.
Annie Leibovitz, Lee Friedlander, Richard Misrach, William Wegman, Karen Halverson and Mary Ellen Mark were among those commissioned for this commemorative reflection. Styles and subject matter vary, but one sentiment prevails — we are made better by nature.
"A lot of people expect 'National Geographic,' " said Andy Grundberg, exhibit curator, in a phone interview from Washington, D.C. Grundberg is administrative chairman of the photo department at the Corcoran College of Art and Design.
"This isn't Ansel Adams," he said. Nor is it a reaction against beauty, the "spoiledby-man-theme" that defines contemporary landscape photography.
Rather, "These photographers each had well-known styles and brought that style to these places," Grundberg said. In many cases the photographers went beyond their known quality and explored new territory.
Terry Evans, for example, known for her North America prairie photography, turned her lens on botanical specimens for the Conservancy project. Celebrity photographer Annie Leibovitz did a black-and-white study of Shawangunk Mountains in New York. Bill Christenberry broke out of his cultural reference genre in presenting Alabama's Cahaba River and Bib County Glades. Lee Friedlander's work in the Muleshoe Ranch Cooperative Management Area explores the diversity of plants growing in the vicinity of the San Pedro River in southeast Arizona. Friedlander is best known for his human portraits.
As well as being important art, the photographs illustrate the diverse life The Nature Conservancy looks to preserve and conserve. Around the world, the Conservancy protects 116 million acres. In Arizona, it has helped to protect more than a million acres.
Patrick Graham, state director of the Conservancy, said while the six nature preserves are important, the organization does a lot of wo rk beyond those properties to sustain diversity. That work has included the use of fire as a management tool as well as public education on strategic natural systems. Some of the Conservancy's fire management work is being applied to U.S. Forest Service land. An ongoing educational project involves the San Pedro River, where 4 million migratory birds reside each year. Development threatened that important environmental corridor until, more than 20 years ago, the Conservancy stepped in to raise public awareness.
"It is not our goal to have people think a particular way," Graham said. "We don't take the position of forcing values on others. But we do try to show that it is in their best interest to have functioning natural systems whether those system are about migratory birds or not."
People have a great love of nature. But sometimes we all need to be reminded that the choices we make today are choices our grandchildren will have to live with.
Arizona Nature Conservancy sites
ARAVAIPA CANYON PRESERVE
Where: 50 miles northeast of Tucson; call for directions What to do: Hiking, bird-watching wildlife viewing along Turkey Creek. Overnight accommodations. When to visit: Open daily, year-round Cost: Free Phone: _PHONE_
HART PRAIRIE PRESERVE Where: 14 miles northwest of Flagstaff; call for directions What to do: Hiking, bird-watching, wildlife viewing, cross-country skiing. Overnight accommodations. Reservations required. Guided nature walk: 10 a.m. Wednesdays and Sundays, June to mid-October. Call for reservations. When to visit: June through mid-October; cross-country skiing after Jan. 1 Phone: _PHONE_
PRESERVE Where: U.S. Highway 60, three miles southeast of Wickenburg. Entrance on the west side of the highway near milepost 114. What to do: Hiking, bird-watching wildlife viewing, nature study. Bookstore. Guided nature walk: 8:30 a.m. the last Saturday of the month. When to visit: Trails open 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Wednesdays to Sundays. Cost: $5 nonmembers, $3 members, under 16 free. Phone: _PHONE_
MULESHOE RANCH COOPERATIVE
MANAGEMENT AREA Where: 30 miles northwest of Willcox. Follow Airport Road north from Willcox for 15 miles to junction just past mailboxes, bear right and continue 14 miles. What to do: Hiking, horseback riding, bird-watching, wildlife viewing, nature study. Overnight accommodations. Guided nature walk: Saturdays, September to May; call for time and reservation. When to visit: Headquarters open Thursdays through Mondays, September through Memorial Day; Friday to Sunday, June through Labor Day. Backcountry open daily, year round. Cost: Free Phone: _PHONE_
PATAGONIA-SONOITA CREEK PRESERVE
Where: 60 miles southeast of Tucson near the town of Patagonia What to do: Hiking, bird-watching wildlife viewing Guided nature walk: 9 a.m. Saturdays When to visit: 7:30 a.m. to 4 p.m. Wednesdays to Sundays October through March; 6:30 a.m. to 4 p.m. Wednesdays to Sundays April through September. Cost: $5 nonmembers, $3 members, free for children 16 and younger Phone: _PHONE_
RAMSEY CANYON PRESERVE
Where: 90 miles southeast of Tucson near Sierra Vista. What to do: Hiking, bird-watching, wildlife viewing, nature study. Overnight accommodations. Bookstore. Guided Nature Walk: 9 a.m. Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, March through October When to visit: 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. March through October and 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. November through February. Open daily. Cost: $5 nonmembers, $3 members, children 16 and younger free Phone: _PHONE_


text: [en] OBJECTIVE: To assess morphologic and metabolic abnormalities in dogs with early left ventricular dysfunction (ELVD) induced by rapid right ventricular pacing (RRVP). ANIMALS: 7 Beagles. PROCEDURE: Plasma carnitine concentrations were measured before and after development of ELVD induced by RRVP. At the same times, transvenous endomyocardial biopsy was performed, and specimens were submitted for determination of myocardial carnitine concentrations and histologic, morphometric, and ultrastructural examination. RESULTS: In 4 dogs in which baseline plasma total carnitine concentration was normal, RRVP induced a decrease in myocardial total and free carnitine concentrations and an increase in myocardial esterified carnitine concentration. In 3 dogs in which baseline plasma total carnitine concentration was low, plasma and myocardial carnitine concentrations were unchanged after pacing. Structural changes associated with pacing included perinuclear vacuolization in 3 dogs. Morphometric analyses indicated there was a decrease in myofiber cross-sectional diameter and area following pacing. Electron microscopy revealed changes in myofibrils and mitochondria following pacing. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that moderate to severe alterations in myocyte cytoarchitecture are present in dogs with ELVD induced by RRVP and that in dogs with normal plasma carnitine concentrations, myocardial carnitine deficiency may be a biochemical marker of ELVD. Results also indicated that transvenous endomyocardial biopsy can be used to evaluate biochemical and structural myocardial changes in dogs with cardiac disease.


text:
- class composer.metrics.LanguageCrossEntropy(dist_sync_on_step=False, ignore_index=- 100)#
Torchmetric that computes cross entropy on language modeling outputs.
- Adds metric state variables:
sum_loss (float): The sum of the per-example loss in the batch. total_items (float): The number of batches to average across.
Aggregate the state over all processes to compute the metric.
loss – The loss averaged across all batches as a
- update(output, target)#
Updates the internal state with results from a new batch.
output (Mapping) – The output from the model, which must contain either the Tensor or a Mapping type that contains the loss or model logits.
target (Tensor) – A Tensor of ground-truth values to compare against.


Gender: Female
Usage: Soha is a popular first name. It is more often used as a girl (female) name.
People having the name Soha are in general originating from Saudi Arabia, United States of America.
The Growth number corresponding to this first name is 7.
Learn more with our free
The name Soha is ranked on the 3,806th position of the most used names. It means that this name is commonly used.
We estimate that there are at least 87500 persons in the world having this name which is around 0.002% of the population.
The name Soha has four characters. It means that it is relatively short-length, compared to the other names in our database.
We do not have enough data to display the number of people who were given the name Soha for each year.
We do not have a name day for Soha.
For other names check our Name Day Calendar


I can't guarantee that every mail will receive an answer but I will try.
Gobetwino is not restricted to work with Arduino, the serial port can be configured so it can work with most devices that can send and receive strings over a serial line.
Gobetwino is listening on the serial port, for "commands coming from Arduino, and in response it will do something for Arduino and possibly return something to Arduino.
Gobetwino defines a set of command types that can be used as templates to create actual commands. Arduino can ask Gobetwino to execute these commands, and return something to Arduino.
So what can Gobetwino do? Using the defined command types you can create commands in Gobetwino that Arduino can ask Gobetwino to execute. These commands
With combinations of these commands you can do things like:
 - Start any program on your PC, either directly or via an associated file type.
 - Start Excel, send data from Arduino directly into the Excel sheet, save the sheet and email it, without touching your PC.
 - Send e-mails to a POP3 mailbox and have Arduino react to the contents of the emails.
 - Log data directly to a CSV file on the PC, so the data can be used in spreadsheets or databases.
 - Download a file from the internet and have Arduino ask for a specific line of data from the file.
Gobetwino is kind of a "genreric proxy" for Arduino. It's a program running on a PC (Windows only - sorry), that will act on behalf of Arduino and do some of the things that Arduino can't do on its own. So it works like a go between, hence the name.
Gobetwino is free, comes with a detailed user manual, and sample Arduino sketches to show how it can be used.
Gobetwino can be downloaded here.
Check my blog for information about updates, user suggestionns, and bugs.
The current version is to be considered a beta version, it probably still has bugs in it, and no long time stability test has been performed yet.
If you have comments, questions or whatever, mail me at:


text:
section DOM section
Extensions to DOM elements, plus other utilities for DOM traversal and modification.
Prototype's DOM extensions represent a large portion of where you'll spend
your time. Prototype adds many convenience methods to elements returned by
$ function. For instance, you can write
to get the element with the ID of
comments, add a class name to it, and
show it (if it was previously hidden).
In other words, Prototype adds "instance" methods to DOM nodes. This is made possible by direct extension of the backing DOM objects (in browsers that support it) and by manual extension of individual nodes (in browsers that do not).


text:
'Infuza', Unani medicine for colds and influenza, India, _PHONE_
This imported Unani Tibb medicine is advertised as a treatment for common and 'epidemic' flu. It is printed in English and Urdu. It is possibly aimed at the immigrant Asian community and Westerners. One teaspoon mixed in half a cup of warm water was taken before bedtime. Unani Tibb is a medical tradition. It is similar to Ayurveda, a medical tradition with roots in the Indian subcontinent.
Related Themes and Topics
There are 925 related objects. View all related objects
Glossary: Unani Tibb medicine
A highly contagious viral infection that affects the respiratory system. Common symptoms of the disease are chills and fever, sore throat, muscle pains, severe headache, coughing, weakness and general discomfort. In more serious cases, influenza may cause pneumonia, which can be fatal.
Glossary: Unani Tibb
An Islamic medical tradition based on ancient Greek principles and focusing on balance in the body. It is found mostly in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and the Middle East.
Any animal, vegetable, or mineral substance used in the composition of medicines. They affect the structure or function of a living organism.


text:
Business Energy Editor's Blog
Friday, June 14, 2013 5:17 PM
NREL Puts a New Spin on Utility Claims for Spinning Reserve
The utility industry has a history of publicizing solar and wind intermittency as being detrimental and costly to spinning reserve equipment. But new research from the US National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) tells a different story. Moreover, it echoes information given 6 years ago, by Karl Pfirrmann, Interim President and CEO of PJM Interconnection.
In 2007, Citizens for Pennsylvania's Future interviewed Pfirrmann on the subject of wind intermittency. PJM is the world's largest grid operator, and responsible for keeping a network of public and private utilities running smoothly across 14 states in the northeaster and southern US. Pfirrmann noted that wind did not pose significant costs as a result of its variable nature because the transmission system is sufficiently flexible and can readily accommodate changes in power flows. As to the impact on spinning reserves (standby generators) to mitigate intermittency, Pfirrmann said that costs were modest and deducted from payments wind generators received for energy deliveries. So even then, renewables paid for any impact to spinning reserve equipment. Moreover, he observed that most generators are sufficiently flexible and can be backed down with minimal effects on their operating efficiency.
Confirmation of Pfirrmanns's observations were just published by the U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory in a two-phase project, "The Western Wind and Solar Integration Study (WWSIS)", one of the largest regional wind and solar integration studies to date. Phase 1, published in 2010, analyzed the operational impacts of high penetrations of wind and solar power on the Western Interconnection power system of the United States. It found "no technical barriers to the integration of high penetrations of wind and solar power (up to 35%), if certain operational changes could be made. The two most important changes are increased balancing authority coordination and sub hourly scheduling between balancing authority areas."
In 2012, NREL completed Phase 2 (WWSIS-2) after examining new data and address utility concerns about damage to fossil-fueled generators as they vary their output to manage intermittency from renewables. This was in response to the claim from utilities that heat rates and emissions from fossil-fueled generators could be higher during cycling than during steady-state operation. At the time of Phase 1, there was little available information on wear-and-tear costs because this information was considered proprietary by plant owners. For Phase 2, researchers worked with industry partners to analyze data collected from cost studies on 400 fossil-fueled plants over several decades. The simulations and analysis conducted for WWSIS-2 determined that "the impacts of wind-induced cycling are minimal and capped the wear-and-tear costs at 2% of the value of wind and the emissions impacts at +/- 3%. Although there are wear-and-tear and emissions impacts from generator cycling, these are modest compared to the overall benefits of replacing fossil-fueled generation with variable renewable generation."
So, according to the latest findings from the NREL, it's a case of strong evidence of weak consequences. But according to Ken Skylar, manager of renewable services at PJM, there is an issue facing distributed renewables. But it relates to the design and age the transmission infrastructure of the grid. "Upgrades are needed to the distribution system because it wasn't designed to accommodate large amounts of variable frequency resources on these individual feeders," Skylar explains. "There could be significant changes in voltage on a feeder and reverse power flows on the lines if a system isn't designed to handle that. A lot of the PJM members that own distribution systems have indicated that it's a big concern for them."
Ultimately those upgrades would occur as utilities adopt smart grid technology, and smart grid technology offers a good return on investment to utilities, and government programs that help fund the upgrades. For example, a recent study by the US Department of Energy (DOE), "Economic Impact of Recovery Act Investment in the Smart Grid," found that smart grid projects funded through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) resulted in roughly $7 billion total economic output, 50,000 jobs, and a return of $1 billion in government tax revenue. The study reviewed $1.48 billion in ARRA investments from the Smart Grid Investment Grants and Smart Grid Demonstration Program programs, plus $1.48 billion in matching investments from grant recipients in the private sector between August 2009 and March 2012. In short, $3 billion in smart grid project funding returned $6.83 billion in total economic output.
Now, that's some news that needs no spin.


Time estimate:
5 minutes
Do you have an older smartphone laying around that's not being used? Does your business have a shared employee tablet sitting next to the register? Installing Numa on shared devices is a great way to provide access to any employee who might not otherwise install Numa on their personal phone.
It's a common misconception that Numa can only be installed on individual's phones or that Numa only works on devices that themselves have cell service or a phone number. Numa works great on any device that has internet access, including WiFi-only devices.
Approaches for setting up shared devices
This article describes two recommended approaches for incorporating shared devices into your Numa Messaging account.
Approach #1: Invite each shared device as a new user
This is the most common approach and is appropriate for most businesses.
 - Easy to set up
 - Once set up, nobody has to log in or out. The device is always ready to use
 - Can't track which employee sends each message -- all employees will be messaging from a shared account
 - Requires you to have an extra unused email address you can assign to the device
 1. Within Numa, go to Settings > Manage Staff (requires manager permissions)
 2. Create a new user with a memorable name (e.g. "Company iPad") and an unused email address
 3. Check the email address you provided for an invitation to create a password and join Numa
 4. Download the Numa app onto the shared device
 5. Use the email address and password you created to sign in to Numa on the shared device. Done!
Approach #2: Employees log in and out of the shared device using their own accounts
This approach is appropriate for businesses that need a higher level of tracking over which employees are responding to which messages.
 - Can easily track which employee sent each message or handled each conversation
 - When signed in, each employee gets their own familiar view of their inbox, settings, and available permissions
 - Employees have to be diligent about remembering to log in and out on the shared device
 - Switching accounts can become tedious if multiple employees are sharing the device during one shift
 1. Download the Numa app onto the shared device
 2. When an employee wants to use Numa on the shared device, they simply sign in to their individual Numa account
 3. When the employee is done using Numa for the day, or it's time for another employee to use Numa, they sign out
Did this answer your question?


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Johanneskirche, built between 1398 and 1440, is one of the oldest buildings in Crailsheim
Coat of arms of Crailsheim
Coat of arms
Crailsheim is located in Germany
Coordinates: 49°08′05″N 10°04′14″E / 49.13472°N 10.07056°E / 49.13472; 10.07056Coordinates: 49°08′05″N 10°04′14″E / 49.13472°N 10.07056°E / 49.13472; 10.07056
Country Germany
State Baden-Württemberg
Admin. region Stuttgart
District Schwäbisch Hall
Subdivisions Core city and 8 districts
 - Lord Mayor Rudolf Michl (SPD)
 - Total 109.08 km2 (42.12 sq mi)
Elevation 414 m (1,358 ft)
Population (2012-12-31)[1]
 - Total 32,417
 - Density 300/km2 (770/sq mi)
Postal codes 74564
Dialling codes 07951
Vehicle registration SHA
Crailsheim is a town in the German state of Baden-Württemberg. Incorporated in 1338, it lies 32 kilometres (20 miles) east of Schwäbisch Hall and 40 km (25 mi) southwest of Ansbach in the Schwäbisch Hall district. The city's main attractions include two Evangelical churches, a Catholic church, and the 67 metre tower of its town hall.
Crailsheim is famed for withstanding a siege by forces of three imperial cities - Schwäbisch Hall, Dinkelsbühl, and Rothenburg ob der Tauber - lasting from 1379 until 1380, a feat which it celebrates annually. Crailsheim became a possession of the Burgrave of Nuremberg following the siege. In 1791 it became part of the Prussian administrative region, before returning to Bavaria in 1806 and becoming a part of Württemberg in 1810.
Crailsheim's railroad and airfield were heavily defended by the Waffen-SS in 1945 (World War II). Following an American Army assault in mid-April 1945 the town was occupied briefly by US forces before being lost to German counter-offensive. Intense US bombing and artillery shelling during a second US conquest destroyed much of the city, with subsequent fires consuming its historic inner city. Only the Johanneskirche (St. John's Church) escaped unharmed.[2]
Crailsheim became the postwar home to the U.S. Army's McKee Barracks until the facility closed in January 1994.[3]
Major employers in the Crailsheim area include:
The following boroughs comprise the Crailsheim municipality: Ingersheim, Altenmünster, Rotmühle, Tiefenbach, Onolzheim, Roßfeld, Jagstheim, Westgartshausen, Goldbach, Triensbach and Beuerlbach.
Twin towns[edit]
Crailsheim is twinned with
Crailsheim Merlins[edit]
The Crailsheim Merlins are basketball team in the city. Founded in 1986, they originally played in lower leagues. In 1995 they moved into a new sports hall, improved, and were promoted in 2001 to the 2.German Bundes League of basketball. In 2009 they rose to the Pro A league, fielding seventeen players.
 2. ^ The Struggle for Heilbronn and Crailsheim (p. 415)
 3. ^ Conversion and restoration
 4. ^ - Packaging machines
External links[edit]


text:
We present a dual-horizon peridynamics (DH-PD) formulation for fracture in granular and rock-like materials. In contrast to discrete crack methods such as XFEM, DH-PD does not require any representation of the crack surface and criteria to treat complex fracture patterns such as crack branching and coalescence. The crack path is the natural outcome of the simulation. In this manuscript, a new penalty method to model the contact for compressive fractures and constraining the penetration conditions is developed. The new method is applied to several benchmark problems in geomechanics including the four-point shear test, the indirect tensile (Brazilian) test of rock disks with one or multiple initial cracks. By using an appropriate damping coefficient, the quasi-static solution for rock failure is obtained when the dynamic formulation is used. A good agreement is obtained between the results given by DH-PD and those by the experiments.
Bibliographical noteFunding Information:
The authors acknowledge the supports from the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program: 2011CB013800) and NSFC (51474157), the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (SLDRCE14-B-31), Shanghai Science and Technology Development Funds (16QA1404000), and the Central China University Funds.
© 2017 Elsevier B.V.
Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
- Artificial damping
- Brittle fracture
- Mohr-Coulomb model
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology


text:
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
|Hotspot in ferruginous rock may have serious implications in Brazilian conservation policy
Oliveira, João Victor L. C.
Lima, Estevam C. Araujo de
Brito, Roniere A.
Ferreira, Aila S.
Stievano, Luis C.
Brito, Nathan P.
Oliveira-Neto, Misael A.
Lopes, Bruna C. H.
|A hotspot of subterranean Collembola in ferruginous rock caves and Mesovoid Shallow Substratum is revealed by the analysis of pseudocryptic diversity. The diversity is accessed by detailed description of chaetotaxy and slight variation in morphology of 11 new species of Trogolaphysa Mills, 1938 (Collembola, Paronellidae, Paronellinae) and the 50 previously recorded species of springtails from caves, using optical and electronic microscopy. When combined with recent subterranean surveys, our results show an important reservoir of cave diversity in the Mesovoid Shallow Substratum. Contrastingly the conservation policy for subterranean fauna in metallogenic areas in Brazil prioritizes the caves instead the cave species, which may be extremely detrimental to the fauna in the shallow subterranean habitats not accessible to humans.
|Appears in Collections:
|LICENCIAMENTO AMBIENTAL E DIVERSOS
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Technical Report Number
We present a surface reconstruction technique that constructs a smooth analytic surface from scattered data. The technique is robust to noise and both poorly and non-uniformly sampled data, making it well-suited for use in medical applications. In addition, the surface can be parameterized in multiple ways, making it possible to represent additional data, such as electromagnetic potential, in a different (but related) coordinate system to the geometric one. The parameterization technique also supports consistent parameterizations of multiple data sets.
Grimm, Cindy and Ju, Tao, "Smooth Surface Reconstruction using Charts for Medical Data" Report Number: WUCSE-2006-29 (2006). All Computer Science and Engineering Research.


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University of Minnesota Extension economists and educators have been researching the question of which costs have the largest impact on farm profits. A significant difference in profitability exists among farmers. A few categories of production costs, also known as inputs, vary significantly across levels of profitability.
The farm profitability levels can be broken into five groups (bottom 20 percent, 20-40 percent, 40-60 percent, 60-80 percent and the top 20 percent profitability by crop). The 2011 numbers were just made available through a farm income analysis carried out in partnership between Minnesota State Colleges and Universities (MnSCU) and the University of Minnesota.
The cost of production varies by group, starting at $5.36 per bushel of corn produced in 2011 in the bottom group, declining to $4.63 for the 20-40 percent group, $4.30 for the 40-60 percent group, $3.91 for the 60-80 percent group and $3.45 per bushel for the most profitable group. There is a significant difference of $1.91 per bushel in cost of production between the top and bottom groups in profits.
The most significant impact on this cost of production is the yield per acre produced, which ranged from 139 bushels per acre in bottom tier to 177 bushels per acre in the top group, a difference of 38 bushels per acre.
One of the top five costs was seed, varying slightly among groups from $102 to $105 per acre. Fertilizer is the second-highest cost and the bottom three tiers had similar costs at $154, $152 and $151, while the top 20 percent spent $118 per acre.
The highest cost was rent, which varied, but not significantly among groups.
Overall direct expenses varied significantly with the low group's cost at $625, declining incrementally in each group with the top 20 percent spending $533 per acre, or $92 per acre less. Total expenses also varied significantly with the low group at $745 and the top group at $611, a difference of $134 per acre. After accounting for direct expense variation of $92 per acre, overhead expenses varied by an additional $42 per acre. Other top expenses were repairs, fuel and oil in direct costs, and depreciation in overhead costs. Soybeans had similar results, except for fertilizer.
The quality of land might be one factor resulting in better yields. Some farms may utilize manure, lowering their fertilizer costs.
Net return to labor and management income started at $63, increasing quite dramatically in each group until reaching $509 for the top 20 percent. The top 20 percent farmers are managing much higher net returns to labor and management by $446 per acre over the bottom 20 percent.
To be profitable, you must be the best at managing cost without hurting yields. Farmers can use University's Center for Farm Financial Management FINBIN website at _URL_ to examine costs in any area of the state.


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REAP stands for Resource Enhancement and Protection. It is a program in the State of Iowa that invests in, as its name implies, the enhancement and protection of the state's natural and cultural resources. Iowa is blessed with a diverse array of natural and cultural resources, and REAP is likewise diverse and far reaching. Depending on the individual programs, REAP provides money for projects through state agency budgets or in the form of grants. Several aspects of REAP also encourage private contributions that help accomplish program objectives.
REAP is funded from the state's Environment First Fund (Iowa gaming receipts) and from the sale of the natural resource license plate. The program is authorized to receive $20 million per year until 2021, but the state legislature sets the amount of REAP funding every year. This year REAP was appropriated $12 million. When you add license plate and interest income, its total budget is about $12.45 million.
REAP funds go into eight different programs based upon a percentages that are specified in the law. These percentages, or what many people call the REAP formula, are shown in the following pie chart.
REAP Fund Allocation
First $350,000 each year goes to Conservation Education.
1% of balance goes for DNR Administration.
The remaining balance is then divided per the pie chart.
The following four state agencies administer REAP programs:
- State Open Space 28%
- City Parks and Open Space 15%
- Soil and Water Enhancement 20%
- County Conservation 20%
- State Land Management 9%
- Historical Resources 5%
- Roadside Vegetation 3%
- Department of Natural Resources
- Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship, Division of Soil Conservation
- Department of Cultural Affairs, State Historical Society
- Department of Transportation
REAP also contains very extensive public participation procedures. Individual county REAP committees are organized throughout the state. Public and private organizations that are interested in any of the REAP elements can participate on county committees. The primary purposes of these committees are to coordinate REAP projects among the various entities and develop a county REAP plan to help direct future REAP projects. The level of activeness varies among counties in the state. Some are very active, while others may only meet once a year. Most counties have REAP committees, but there are a few counties that currently do not have one.
The next level of public participation is regional REAP Assemblies. These are open public meetings where all REAP programs and associated projects are presented. Also, opportunities for regional REAP projects are identified at these meetings and participants may recommend changes to REAP policies, programs, and funding. A round of 18 assemblies is held once every two years during the months of September and October. The area of interest for each assembly coincides with the state's Council of Governments or Regional Planning boundaries.
The next and final level is the REAP Congress. Five delegates are elected at each of the 18 assemblies to serve on the statewide Congress, which makes for a membership of 90 people. The REAP Congress meets on even-numbered calendar years. The responsibilities of the congress are to organize, discuss, and make recommendations to the Governor, state legislature, and state agencies. The Congress uses the suggestions made at the 18 assemblies to help form its recommendations.


text: We discuss our recent ab initio calculations of the adsorption configurations (both dissociative and not) of methanethiol and dimethyl disulfide on Au(111) at low coverage, which are based on density functional theory using gradient-corrected exchange-correlation functionals (both BLYP and PBE). A complete characterization of their structure, binding energies, and type of bonding is obtained. Dissociation is clearly favored for the disulfide with subsequent formation of strongly bound thiolates, in agreement with experimental evidence, whereas thiolates resulting from S-H bond cleavage in thiols can coexist with the adsorbed 'intact' species and become favored if accompanied by the formation of molecular hydrogen. New calculations are also presented for the thiolates and the disulfide on a 38-atom gold cluster. Differences and similarities of the bonding on the cluster and on the surface are described in detail.


Barlow's formula
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Barlow's formula relates the internal pressure that a pipe[1] can withstand to its dimensions and the strength of its material.
P=\frac {2St} {D}
P = pressure
S = allowable stress
t = wall thickness
D = outside diameter
This formula figures prominently in the design of autoclaves and other pressure vessels.
The formula is named after Peter Barlow, an English mathematician.
Other formulations[edit]
The design of a complex pressure containment system involves much more than the application of Barlow's formula. For almost all pressure vessels, the ASME code stipulates the requirements for design and testing.[citation needed]
The formula is also common in the pipeline industry to verify that pipe used for gathering, transmission, and distribution lines can safely withstand operating pressures. The design factor is multiplied by the resulting pressure which gives the maximum operating pressure (MAOP) for the pipeline. This design factor is dependent on class locations which are defined in DOT Part 192. There are four class locations corresponding to four design factors:[citation needed]
 - Class 1: An offshore area or any class location unit that has 10 or fewer buildings intended for human occupancy. The Class 1 design factor is 0.72.
 - Class 2: any class location that has more than 10 but fewer than 46 buildings intended for human occupancy; design factor 0.60.
 - Class 3: any location that has more than 46 or more buildings intended for human occupancy or any area where the pipeline lies within 100 yards (91 meters) of a building or a small, well-defined outdoor area (such as a playground, recreation area, outdoor theater, or place of public assembly) that is occupied by 20 or more persons at least five days a week for 10 weeks in any 12-month period—weeks need not be consecutive. design factor 0.50.
 - Class 4: any class location unit where buildings with four or more stories above the ground are prevalent; design factor 0.40.
External links[edit]
 1. ^ Or pressure vessel, or other cylindrical pressure containment structure.


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Introduction: Single port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) has been reported as an advanced laparoscopic approach and become hot issue. SPLS is expected offering potential benefits of improved cosmesis and decreased postoperative pain. There are few reports about SPLS for gastric tumors. We used a novel multichannel single port device (OCTOTM, dalimSurgNET, Seoul, South Korea) and succeeded 23 cases of new laparoscopic surgeries to remove the gastric benign tumors only a 2cm of incision within umbilicus without any other additional holes. We would like to discuss about the feasibility of this new laparoscopic surgical technique and usefulness of new device.
Methods and procedures: The OCTOTM port consists of platform and multichannel cap. The platform consists of one internal ring and cylindrical silastic sleeve. The cap incorporates three or four channels for laparoscopic instruments. The cap can be easily attached or removed from the platform during specimen extraction. First, wound retractor of platform was inserted through small umbilical incision and covered with the cap for pneumoperitoneum. Using this port and special instrument, deflectable at the shaft, we performed gastric wedge resections and enucleations.
Results: 23 patients with benign gastric tumor underwent gastric resection, 9 males and 14 females; mean age, 52.0 (range, 26-79) years. Mean body mass index was 24.2 (range, 20.2-30.8) kg/m2. No patients required additional skin incisions or trocars. Mean operation time was 145.2 (60-300) minutes, and blood losses were minimal in all cases. The tumors located evenly in stomach; upper, middle, lower 1/3, 10, 9, 4, respectively. The tumor size ranged from 1.0 to 4.5 (mean 2.4) cm and pathologic result showed 7 GIST, 6 leiomyoma, 6 ectopic pancreas.
Conclusions: SPLS in gastric resection was technically feasible and safe, but still it was time consuming surgery. If the size of tumor was less than 3cm, it is possible to perform SPLS for gastric benign tumors at any site; cardia, lesser curvature, antrum. Operation time was longer but maybe decreased with experience and patients can obtain same scarless results like NOTES. We need more experience for significant results.
Program Number: P529


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Deadweight tonnage (also known as deadweight abbreviated to DWT, D.W.T., d.w.t., or dwt) is a measure of how much weight a ship is carrying or can safely carry. It is the sum of the weights of cargo, fuel, fresh water, ballast water, provisions, passengers, and crew. The term is often used to specify a ship's maximum permissible deadweight, the DWT when the ship is fully loaded so that its Plimsoll line is at the point of submersion, although it may also denote the actual DWT of a ship not loaded to capacity.
Deadweight tonnage was historically expressed in long tons but is now usually given internationally in tonnes. Deadweight tonnage is not a measure of the ship's displacement and should not be confused with gross tonnage or net tonnage (or their more archaic forms gross register tonnage or net register tonnage).
- Turpin and McEwen (1980), pages 14–21.
- Hayler and McKeever (2004) page G-10.
- Gilmer (1975) page 25.
- One long ton is 2240 pounds (1016.05 kg), and one tonne or metric ton (tonne isn't used in the U.S.) is 1,000 kg.
- Gilmer, Thomas C. (1975). Modern Ship Design (2nd ed.). Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-388-1.
- Hayler, William B. (2003). American Merchant Seaman's Manual (7th ed.). Centreville, Maryland: Cornell Maritime Press. ISBN 0-87033-549-9.
- Turpin, Edward A.; William A. McEwen (1980). Merchant Marine Officers' Handbook (4th ed.). Centreville, Maryland: Cornell Maritime Press. ISBN 0-87033-056-X.


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Business efficiency is a difficult task for energy managers because of various reasons. One is that energy consumption is not dependent only on one night. It takes months to decrease the energy usage and takes years to see a return on investment of energy-saving projects. To make things running smoothly, the energy managers must work on it.
Following are the signs of low energy consumption for businesses.
1. Helps to Decrease Cost
The first and foremost advantage of low energy consumption for business is that it reduces the cost level. If you want to make your business's energy efficiency better, you should also save your money. A few years ago, people thought that energy consumption is an uncontrollable task. Still, nowadays, people understand local energy consumption methods and how to reduce energy consumption in businesses, which is good for the business' financial conditions. The quantity of energy consumed and the usage of the organization have a significant influence on it, both favorably and adversely.
Low consumption energy also helps in managing the cost level in an organization. Energy managers should manage the energy on different energy efficiency projects for a long time. Energy consumption is also reduced by monitoring it.
2. Prevent and Reduce Risk
Nowadays, global energy in the markets is increasing, and the prices have fluctuated greatly. People are facing very high, perhaps doubled, energy costs. Low energy consumption also helps you prevent and reduce the risk of getting more energy by limiting the effect of volatile and energy markets. You can think to generate your own energy on-site, but this is not possible for everyone. So, low consumption of energy is the best option for your business.
Tips for Running Company Operations Smoothly
3. Improves the Working Employees
Low consumption energy can reduce the cost of the energy and improve the brand's reputation, which is a great advantage. It also has an influence on employee training because, in the past, energy consumption was regarded as a tough responsibility. However, new study indicates that this is not the case. Employee comfort, as well as their working capabilities and performance, are improved as a result of increased energy usage. Employees that work for a company and take their energy levels seriously are more productive than others.
4. Good for Environmental Conditions
High energy consumption is really bad for environmental conditions. Energy consumption such as greenhouse gas emissions predominantly causes climate change. Everyone is engaged in using high energy, which is creating a bad impact on our environment. The lesser the consumption of energy, the better the environment.
Low energy consumption for business is difficult in many cases, but once you know its benefits and learn how to manage it, it gives you many benefits. Less energy consumption can reduce your business's energy cost and also improve your brand reputation.
Energy consumption also has an impact on employees' productivity. Low energy consumption is also beneficial to environmental conditions since we live in an environment that is also our family's homeland, and we should take precautions to preserve it from dangerous elements.


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The Fifth Year of Produce to Pantries Gives the Gift of Food
Produce to Pantries had another successful year of donating produce to local food pantries, benefiting over 3,500 families in Roxbury, Dorchester, and Mattapan. In total, Produce to Pantries contributed over 7,300 pounds of fresh produce to food pantries, a quantified cost of approximately $12,600. The four food pantries that received the donations were the Haitian-American Public Health Initiative (HAPHI), St. Mary's Episcopal Church, Boston Public Health Commission's Healthy Baby/Healthy Child food program and Boston Medical Center's Preventive Food Pantry.
Many thanks go to the roughly 50 volunteers who contributed a collective 1,200 hours of service to ensure that every pantry got a sufficient amount of fresh, healthy produce. Thank you to the gardeners at Southwest Corridor Community Farm, Nightingale Community Garden, Lamartine/Hubbard Streets Community Garden, West Springfield Community Garden, St. Rose Community Garden, Edward L. Cooper and Allan Crite Community Gardens, Clark Cooper Community Garden, Lenox/Kendall Streets Community Garden, and Minton Stable Community Garden. A shout out to all the youth who participated in the Youth Conservation Corps program, which helped in the growing and harvesting of produce for Produce to Pantries. Finally, special thanks to Powisset Farm, Brookwood Community Farm, and Weir River Farm for generously donating over half the produce that was distributed at the pantries.
Produce to Pantries Introduces New Cookbook
Produce to Pantries, initiated through the Boston Gardeners Council, is pleased to introduce to a new cookbook for pantry patrons this summer, featuring traditional global cuisines that incorporate locally grown produce. The 24-page cookbook highlights 37 common and not-so-common vegetables, offering readers simple ideas on how to prepare produce grown locally. In addition, readers can try 12 global recipes from countries represented in the food pantries served through the Produce to Pantries program for a taste of the world. Download your own copy of the Produce to Pantries Cookbook today. For more information on the cookbook or Produce to Pantries program, please contact Dana Staley at _EMAIL_.
© 2006 Copyright
Boston Natural Areas Network
62 Summer Street
Boston, MA 02110-1016


Home / Homework Tags / Paraphrase
Intersection with cars, trucks, and buses
The graph below shows vehicles counted at an intersection over a 4-minute span of time.
First, describe the information in the graph. What does it tell you?
Then talk about why it might be important to have this data. Who might want to know? How would they use it?
[Graph by Jimmie via Flickr]
Word cloud of UN article about global protests
Above is a Wordle™ * of a news article. Summarize the article by interpreting the words and frequencies shown.
*A Wordle™ takes all the words in a text and arranges them randomly. The size of the word shows the frequency with which it appears—larger words appear more often.
Older man reading a book with stacks of books in the background
Tell us about your favourite book. What's so great about it? What is it about? Summarize the story and talk about the characters. Does it have a special message? What is it?
Subscribe to Paraphrase


Welcome to Local District 6 Curriculum Map Website
Introduction to Curriculum Mapping Videos
Dr. Jacobs and the Four Phases of Curriculum Mapping - YouTube Link
What is Curriculum Mapping? - YouTube Link
Phase 1 - Laying the Foundation for Curriculum Change - YouTube Link
Phase II - Beginning the Mapping Process - YouTube Link
Phase III - Maintaining, Integrating, and Sustaining the Process
- YouTube Link
Phase IV - Advanced Curricular Mapping
- YouTube Link


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About this book
A gripping narrative history of the British soldier during the 150 year period, from the Restoration to the downfall of Napoleon in 1815. 'Filled with swashbuckling derring-do, the reek of blood and gunpowder, combined with shrewd analysis of power, war and psychology' Simon Sebag Montefiore
From the Restoration of Charles II in 1660 to the Downfall of Napoleon in 1815, Britain won a series of major wars against France that enabled her to lay the foundations of a global empire. This title tells the history of the British Redcoat from the English Civil War to Waterloo.


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Reuters reports on a survey that says about 37% of people living in the 25 European Union countries have no computer skills, with Scandinavians being the most computer-literate and Greeks the least.
The survey results – "How skilled are Europeans in using computers and the internet?" (PDF) – announced today by the EU statistics agency Eurostat (see the PDF press release) paints a generally bleak picture of Europeans' online literacy:
[...] More than one in three (34%) of EU residents have never used a computer, ranging from 8% in the Nordic countries Sweden, Denmark and Iceland to 65% in Greece. It is clear that a lack of e-skills will prevent these people from participating fully in the information society.
Some highlights from the survey results:
- 65% of Greeks, 59% of Italians and 57% of Hungarians had no basic computer skills, compared with 10% in Denmark and 11% in Sweden
- Britons and Germans also lead the EU in computer literacy, with only 21% and 25% respectively of their citizens lacking computer skills
- Among the EU's 16-24 year olds, some 10% have no computer skills, while 65% of people aged 55 to 74 are unable to use a computer, as neither could 11% of those with higher education
- Just 13% of those surveyed in Britain had read an individual's blog in the past week, compared with 40% in the US, 25% in France and 12% in Denmark
- Newspaper blogs were even less popular, the study of more than 9,000 readers of websites and newspapers found
- The survey found a very low level of trust for blogs compared with news aggregators such as Google and Yahoo!, the Guardian report says, while national TV and newspaper brands came out on top
That last point in particular reflects similar reseach findings published by Reuters and the BBC last month into trust in government and the media.
Incidentally, the Telegraph's Shane Richmond has commentary on a survey last month, but it doesn't look to be the same as the one the Guardian reports about. And Jeff Jarvis raises some points about that Guardian-reported survey and how it was conducted.
So what do we glean from such a rash of information into the online abilities (or lack of) and habits of our fellow citizens in the EU?
On the face of it, the various surveys indicate an alarming gap in online skills and curiosities between the US and most of Europe that looks at least as wide as that separating the continents of North America and Europe. On the other hand, it could all be just another day, another survey as Niall Cook suggests.
Yet I don't think so. The Eurostats survey in particular illustrates a big mountain to climb in terms of education if Europeans generally are to be able to know how to use the new tools that are so important now to life in general.


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nicety PET pelletizing system
Plastic pelletizing system: the comprehensive guide
As plastic manufacturing companies continue to expand, so does the production of plastic waste. However, repurposing plastic waste is possible through the plastic pelletizing recycling system. This system converts plastic scraps into usable clean raw material in a closed-loop recycling process.
What is Plastic Pelletizing?
Plastic pelletizing is the process of converting scrap plastic into pelletized plastics. The process involves cutting plastic scraps into small pieces and heating them until they melt. The molten plastic is then passed through a die, which produces cylindrical pellets. These pellets can be reused as raw material in manufacturing plants, thereby reducing raw material costs.
Types of Pelletizers
There are different types of pelletizers, and the choice of pelletizing machine depends on the type of plastic scrap material and the quality of pellets needed. The different types of pelletizers include strand pelletizers, underwater pelletizers, and water ring pelletizers.
Strand plastic pelletizing line
Strand plastic pelletizing line
The strand pelletizer cuts molten plastic strands into pellets, while the underwater pelletizer submerges the plastic melt into water to cool and solidify the pellets.
The water ring pelletizer cools and solidifies the plastic melt in a ring of water before cutting it into pellets.
Difference Between Underwater Pelletizer and Water Ring Pelletizer
water-ring pelletizing machine
Water-ring pelletizing machine
The main difference between the underwater pelletizer and water ring pelletizer lies in the cooling and solidification process.
The underwater pelletizer cools the molten plastic in water, which reduces the heat transfer process and allows for a better quality pellet.
The water ring pelletizer, on the other hand, uses a ring of water to cool and solidify the plastic melt.
Advantages of Pelletization
The main advantage of pelletization is the reduction of plastic waste.
Pelletization allows plastics manufacturers to realize their green initiatives by reducing waste and converting scrap plastic into high-quality materials that can be used in manufacturing processes.
Additionally, pelletization allows for easy storage, transportation, and handling of plastic pellets.
Disadvantages of Pelletization
The main disadvantage of pelletization is the cost of the pelletizing system, including the heating and cooling system, transmission system, and extrusion system.
Additionally, third-party services may be needed to attain high-quality materials. However, these costs can be offset by the savings in raw material costs and the environmental benefits of the recycling process.
Feed Size in Pelletization
PET Flakes
PET flakes: 8mm
The feed size in pelletization depends on the type of plastic scrap material and the type of pelletizing machine. Generally, the smaller the feed size, the better the quality of pellets produced.
Purpose of Pelletization
The purpose of pelletization is to convert plastic waste into usable clean raw material for manufacturing processes. Pelletization allows plastics manufacturers to reduce their environmental impact by reducing waste and reusing materials.
Difference Between Pelleting and Extrusion
Pelleting and extrusion are similar processes, but they differ in the form of the end product. Pelleting produces cylindrical pellets, while extrusion produces plastic film or other shapes.
Pelleting is ideal for converting scrap plastic into raw material for manufacturing processes, while extrusion is ideal for producing plastic packaging or other products.
Factors that Determine the Quality of Pellets
The quality of pellets is determined by several factors, including the type of plastic scrap material, the type of pelletizing machine, and the heating and cooling system used.
Additionally, the quality of pellets can be affected by the transmission system and the extrusion process. It is essential to work with a reputable plastic pelletizing company that values the quality of their products and the satisfaction of their customers.
Conclusion
When selecting a custom plastic pelletizing system, it is essential to consider factors such as the transmission system, extrusion process, heating and cooling system, and third-party services offered by the manufacturer.
Many plastic pelletizing companies, including Nicety, offer custom plastic pelletizing systems that can be tailored to meet the needs of plastics manufacturers.
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Matthew
Matthew
Hi, I'm the author of this post, and I have been in this field for more than 5 years. If you want to build a plastic recycling line or plastic related machines, feel free to ask me any questions.
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