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Registry
MMCV implements registry to manage different modules that share similar functionalities, e.g., backbones, head, and necks, in detectors. Most projects in OpenMMLab use registry to manage modules of datasets and models, such as MMDetection, MMDetection3D, MMClassification, MMEditing, etc.
Note
In v1.5.1 and later, the Registry supports registering functions and calling them.
What is registry
In MMCV, registry can be regarded as a mapping that maps a class or function to a string. These classes or functions contained by a single registry usually have similar APIs but implement different algorithms or support different datasets. With the registry, users can find the class or function through its corresponding string, and instantiate the corresponding module or call the function to obtain the result according to needs. One typical example is the config systems in most OpenMMLab projects, which use the registry to create hooks, runners, models, and datasets, through configs. The API reference could be found here.
To manage your modules in the codebase by Registry, there are three steps as below.
 1. Create a build method (optional, in most cases you can just use the default one).
 2. Create a registry.
 3. Use this registry to manage the modules.
build_func argument of Registry is to customize how to instantiate the class instance or how to call the function to obtain the result, the default one is build_from_cfg implemented here.
A Simple Example
Here we show a simple example of using registry to manage modules in a package. You can find more practical examples in OpenMMLab projects.
Assuming we want to implement a series of Dataset Converter for converting different formats of data to the expected data format. We create a directory as a package named converters. In the package, we first create a file to implement builders, named converters/builder.py, as below
from mmcv.utils import Registry
# create a registry for converters
CONVERTERS = Registry('converters')
Then we can implement different converters that is class or function in the package. For example, implement Converter1 in converters/converter1.py, and converter2 in converters/converter2.py.
from .builder import CONVERTERS
# use the registry to manage the module
@CONVERTERS.register_module()
class Converter1(object):
 def __init__(self, a, b):
 self.a = a
 self.b = b
# converter2.py
from .builder import CONVERTERS
from .converter1 import Converter1
# 使用注册器管理模块
@CONVERTERS.register_module()
def converter2(a, b)
 return Converter1(a, b)
The key step to use registry for managing the modules is to register the implemented module into the registry CONVERTERS through @CONVERTERS.register_module() when you are creating the module. By this way, a mapping between a string and the class (function) is built and maintained by CONVERTERS as below
'Converter1' -> <class 'Converter1'>
'converter2' -> <function 'converter2'>
Note
The registry mechanism will be triggered only when the file where the module is located is imported. So you need to import that file somewhere. More details can be found at _URL_
If the module is successfully registered, you can use this converter through configs as
converter1_cfg = dict(type='Converter1', a=a_value, b=b_value)
converter2_cfg = dict(type='converter2', a=a_value, b=b_value)
converter1 = CONVERTERS.build(converter1_cfg)
# returns the calling result
result = CONVERTERS.build(converter2_cfg)
Customize Build Function
Suppose we would like to customize how converters are built, we could implement a customized build_func and pass it into the registry.
from mmcv.utils import Registry
# create a build function
def build_converter(cfg, registry, *args, **kwargs):
 cfg_ = cfg.copy()
 converter_type = cfg_.pop('type')
 if converter_type not in registry:
 raise KeyError(f'Unrecognized converter type {converter_type}')
 else:
 converter_cls = registry.get(converter_type)
 converter = converter_cls(*args, **kwargs, **cfg_)
 return converter
# create a registry for converters and pass ''build_converter'' function
CONVERTERS = Registry('converter', build_func=build_converter)
Note
In this example, we demonstrate how to use the build_func argument to customize the way to build a class instance. The functionality is similar to the default build_from_cfg. In most cases, default one would be sufficient. build_model_from_cfg is also implemented to build PyTorch module in nn.Sequential, you may directly use them instead of implementing by yourself.
Hierarchy Registry
You could also build modules from more than one OpenMMLab frameworks, e.g. you could use all backbones in MMClassification for object detectors in MMDetection, you may also combine an object detection model in MMDetection and semantic segmentation model in MMSegmentation.
All MODELS registries of downstream codebases are children registries of MMCV's MODELS registry. Basically, there are two ways to build a module from child or sibling registries.
 1. Build from children registries.
 For example:
 In MMDetection we define:
 from mmcv.utils import Registry
 from mmcv.cnn import MODELS as MMCV_MODELS
 MODELS = Registry('model', parent=MMCV_MODELS)

 @MODELS.register_module()
 class NetA(nn.Module):
 def forward(self, x):
 return x

 In MMClassification we define:
 from mmcv.utils import Registry
 from mmcv.cnn import MODELS as MMCV_MODELS
 MODELS = Registry('model', parent=MMCV_MODELS)

 @MODELS.register_module()
 class NetB(nn.Module):
 def forward(self, x):
 return x + 1

 We could build two net in either MMDetection or MMClassification by:
 from mmdet.models import MODELS
 net_a = MODELS.build(cfg=dict(type='NetA'))
 net_b = MODELS.build(cfg=dict(type='mmcls.NetB'))

 or
 from mmcls.models import MODELS
 net_a = MODELS.build(cfg=dict(type='mmdet.NetA'))
 net_b = MODELS.build(cfg=dict(type='NetB'))

 2. Build from parent registry.
 The shared MODELS registry in MMCV is the parent registry for all downstream codebases (root registry):
 from mmcv.cnn import MODELS as MMCV_MODELS
 net_a = MMCV_MODELS.build(cfg=dict(type='mmdet.NetA'))
 net_b = MMCV_MODELS.build(cfg=dict(type='mmcls.NetB'))

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text:
Ground water year book of Gujarat state 2020-2021
Central Ground Water Board, West Central Region, has been issuing Ground Water Year Book annually for Gujarat state by compiling the hydrogeological, hydrochemical and groundwater level data collected from the Groundwater Monitoring Wells established by the Board in Gujarat State. Monitoring of groundwater level and chemical quality furnish valuable information on the groundwater regime characteristics of the different hydrogeological units moreover, analysis of these valuable data collected from existing observation wells during May, August, November and January in each groundwater year (June to May) indicate the pattern of groundwater movement, changes in recharge-discharge relationship, behavior of water level and qualitative & quantitative changes of groundwater regime in time and space. It also helps in identifying and delineating areas prone to decline of water table and piezometric surface due to large scale withdrawal of groundwater for industrial, agricultural and urban water supply requirement. Further water logging prone areas can also be identified with historical water level data analysis. This year book contains the data and analysis of groundwater regime monitoring for the year 2020-21.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Overview
twistor
Quick Reference
A generalization of the concept of a spinor that involves the use of complex numbers in an essential way. Twistors were invented by Roger Penrose in the hope that they would be a key concept in unifying the general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. It has not done so yet, although some very intriguing relations have been established between twistors and noncommutative geometry, supergravity theory, superstring theory, and supersymmetry. Twistors have also proved useful for finding soliton solutions to gauge theories.
Subjects: Physics.
Reference entries


Learn, Lead, Succeed!
Award Guidelines
The purpose of the Professional-Technical Education Awards Program is to recognize and honor exemplary professional-technical education programs.
Depending on the award applied for, to qualify for an award the program may be required to:
 1. Have an active and functioning local advisory committee.
 2. Be accessible to all individuals regardless of race, sex, age, culture, handicap, religion or ethnic origin.
 3. Be an active Tech-Prep program with a signed written agreement between the secondary and postsecondary institutions.
 4. Include student leadership organization activities as an integral part of the program.
 5. Cite specific elements of the program that set this program apart from other programs in the same field.
 6. Incorporate specific strategies for involving industry.
 7. Implement curriculum that aligns to PTE and State academic standards, and is maintained in accordance with the changing needs of business and industry.
 8. Have program staff engaging in professional development that is benefiting the overall program.
 9. Encourage nontraditional students to participate in the program.
 10. Be endorsed by the State Division of Professional-Technical Education Program Manager.


text:
"Duel between Pleasants and Ritchie." Virginia Historical Society
On 26 January 1810 the General Assembly passed an act addressing dueling,
a prevalent practice of the times. Following an encounter between Nathaniel Pope and a Mr. Richardson in March
1809 in which the former was killed, legislation was introduced to suppress "the barbarous custom of duelling," a
vice "justified neither by precepts of morality, nor by dictates of reason."
Although this piece of legislation was the first statute enacted in Virginia concerning dueling, it seems evident
that the tenets of common law had long been inadequate. The act prescribed capital punishment for those
causing death of the other party in a duel, and provided the means by which judges and magistrates could
attempt to prevent such encounters from occurring. Furthermore, the legislature sought to eliminate the
custom of dueling from the lives of elected and appointed officials, requiring oaths affirming their
abstinence from duels as a condition of holding office.
Despite these efforts to curb dueling, the custom not only persisted but thrived throughout much of the
nineteenth century. For many, a turning point occurred in 1884 when John S. Wise, veteran of the Civil
War, lawyer, and son of a former Virginia governor, published a letter in the Richmond paper publically
refusing the challenge of a prospective opponent. At the time, many could have considered this an act
of cowardice, but Wise's past demonstrations of bravery, his dedication to his family and state, and
his clever tact left him the victor in the increasingly "civilized" world of the 1880s. Though public
quarrels and affronts to honor exist in all eras, the means by which such disputes are settled has
greatly changed in the commonwealth during the past two centuries.
Virginia Historical Society | Online exhibitions | Search

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
So, its finally confirmed by all sources that the threadbare pleated shirt, unearthed in early 1900's, from an ancient tomb, is the oldest dress of the world. It remained overlooked as some filthy rug for many years. In 1977 it was noticed by archaeologists once again and was named the ancient Egyptian "Tarkhan dress".
The Egyptian ripped shirt is very much like some modern haute couture. Its a shirt with V-neckline, full sleeves, skillfully pleated bodice and arms. The ancient piece of clothing must be of floor length, like it used to be in that time. The length of 5k years has confined it to a normal sized shirt.
[Watch here: The Ghost of Egyptian Priest Caught on Camera]
A detailed radiocarbon dating process has cleared it as the oldest dress of the world, as old as 5,500 years i.e around 3482-3102 BC. Researchers suggests that the history of this ancient shabby shirt might go earlier than the First Dynasty of Egypt.This is not the first piece of clothing, uncovered, there were many before but they were in the form of drapes that used to be wrapped around the body. This one is special because its a tailored piece, in fitted and cut style.
Research proves, this tattered shirt belonged to some rich and wealthy person. There are many signs of wear that prove it to be used in life and not an accessory stored in the tomb for using in after life as it was a prevailing concept of that era.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Goto: Documentation Home
To ensure maximum interoperability and simplified handling for implementing systems the rules by which data is passed between systems is clearly defined.
The GNAP protocol uses a standard URL path on GDS Servers, with the majority of request parameters encoded in the request part of the URL. All GDS transactions have a 4 character (A-Z,0-9) transaction code, which is applied after the URL stem of "/GNAP". So to request the BUCK transaction, the formed URL is "/GNAP/BUCK". The /GNAP part should be in uppercase, but servers will accept mixed case, but the BUCK part must be in uppercase.
From the base URL, various conversions and translations can be applied. A transction such as "BUCK" is processed by a generic handler, and these handlers only interface in the binary form of the GNAP protocol, they have no explicit knowledge of the client or how you want the data returned. Therefore you can extend the URL /GNAP/BUCK to include various request options that alter the format of the input and output to this transaction handler, but without the handler actually needing to be involved.
When requesting /GNAP transctions over HTTP link (such as from a browser), the default return format is simplified XML. You can insert a 'Reply Type' conversion between the /GNAP and /BUCK (or whatever transaction you are using) to convert the binary XML format to a format you prefer.
|/GNAP/BUCK||System selected default, which is XML for requests using HTTP on a TCP link|
|/GNAP/x/BUCK||Select XML format response|
|/GNAP/e/BUCK||Select extended XML format, where subpackets are named using an extended format, which can be easier to use in some languages|
|/GNAP/j/BUCK||Select JSON encoded response. There is also a JSON-P response format, described later. (See 'o' request format)
Not all requests can be converted to JSON in a useable form, but this is very rare within GDS transactions, and generally only advanced information (such as decoding time based audit records) that is affected. The problem is that some GNAP data packets contain information in time sequence with variable number of fields, which cannot be represented by the GNAP to JSON convertor. This restriction is unlikely to affect any normal business level requirement.
|/GNAP/t/BUCK||Select Text response format. This format is not fully specified and should be avoided as the result output may change without warning.|
|/GNAP/b/BUCK||Explicitly request GNAP binary format. This might be used by an application (not a browser) that is consuming GNAP data. The result from the transaction handler is sent using the HTTP Content-Type of application/octet-stream.|
|/GNAP/o/BUCK||Extended Options format. This format allows you to specify additional processing arguments beyond what can be given using a single letter as the above options are using.|
The 'o' (for Options) format allows you to specify many more arguments to the formating process. The URL format is /GNAP/o/[arguments]/BUCK
|[mkh,NNN]||Extract the field# NNN from the transaction response, and send that as a complete HTML webpage. mhk is short for "MaKe Html". This is useful where the GNAP transaction returns a complete HTML page in the response. The HTML is not altered from what is contained in the field, no headers or wrappers are applied to the output other than what is already in the transaction response.|
|[jp,NNN]||Convert the response to a format that can be used by JSON-P callback formats. This format is not yet fully specified, however using the form [jp] with no additional parameters will always result in the callback function jp100() being called.|
Where data is held in a multi host system, such that the server can apply the transaction to different input databases, the database itself will have a URL prefix stem, to which the gnap component is applied. Transaction handlers do not have any logic themselves to select different databases, so information about database and security context must be provided external to them.
The RetailMAX example store (a "database") makes some information publicly available. The URL stem for this store is /store/nz/example. Therefore, the gnap request url can be constructed as /store/nz/example/gnap/j/buck?.... This example will request a JSON formatted response, but other output encodings are permitted.
(Advanced, side issue) Technically, the /store/nz/example prefix is constructing a HOST transaction block, and binary request formats, such as direct TCP, can emulate this behaviour with the HOST transaction.
An integer is encoded as a sequence of digits, with an optional leading sign (+ or -). Leading zeros and plus sign (+) are optional and may be discarded. Large numbers are
On input, you can force the GNAP encoding to be 'E' (uppercase E) (4 byte signed integer type) by post fixing the field name with _E (eg "f123_E" or "f123:E")
On output dates are encoded as a pipe delimited list of fields, from year to second. for example, the 1st of March 2008 is delivered as "2008|3|1". For most languages this can be rapidly transformed into native date formats. Time is encoded in 24 hour time. Users are advised that the seconds field can range from 0 to 61 in rare circumstances. (leap seconds)
There are exceptions to this output format for some clients. These apply only to specified client types, such as iPhones being served dates from Meetu4.
On input the formats are slightly more flexible. You can encode in any of the following formats to most servers.
|YYYY|MM|DD|HH|mm|SS|CCC||2008|03|01|13|52|05||Preferred GDS date encoding|
|dd-mmm-yyyy hh:mm:ss.ccc||1-Mar-2008 13:52:05||Textual input format. The month must be encoded using 3 english letter format (jan, feb, etc)|
The format "dd/mm/yyyy" or "mm/dd/yyyy" is expressly forbidden. This format has two digit day and month fields and cannot distiguish between different users intentions. Is "3/1/2008" the 3rd of January, or the 1st of March? This depends on the user and the server cannot reliably interpret this value. Servers are free to report errors whenever this format is used.


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Measure-Object
Updated: April 21, 2010
Applies To: Windows PowerShell 2.0
Calculates the numeric properties of objects, and the characters, words, and lines in string objects, such as files of text.
Syntax
Measure-Object [-Average] [-Maximum] [-Minimum] [-Sum] [[-Property] <string[]>] [-InputObject <psobject>] [<CommonParameters>]
Measure-Object [-Character] [-IgnoreWhiteSpace] [-Line] [-Word] [[-Property] <string[]>] [-InputObject <psobject>] [<CommonParameters>]
Description
The Measure-Object cmdlet calculates the property values of certain types of object. Measure-Object performs three types of measurements, depending on the parameters in the command.
The Measure-Object cmdlet performs calculations on the property values of objects. It can count objects and calculate the minimum, maximum, sum, and average of the numeric values. For text objects, it can count and calculate the number of lines, words, and characters.
Parameters
-Average
Displays the average value of the specified properties.

Required?
false
Position?
named
Default Value
none
Accept Pipeline Input?
false
Accept Wildcard Characters?
false
-Character
Counts the number of characters in the input object.

Required?
false
Position?
named
Default Value
none
Accept Pipeline Input?
false
Accept Wildcard Characters?
false
-IgnoreWhiteSpace
Ignores white space in word counts and character counts. By default, white space is not ignored.

Required?
false
Position?
named
Default Value
none
Accept Pipeline Input?
false
Accept Wildcard Characters?
false
-InputObject <psobject>
Specifies the objects to be measured. Enter a variable that contains the objects, or type a command or expression that gets the objects.

Required?
false
Position?
named
Default Value
none
Accept Pipeline Input?
true (ByValue)
Accept Wildcard Characters?
false
-Line
Counts the number of lines in the input object.

Required?
false
Position?
named
Default Value
none
Accept Pipeline Input?
false
Accept Wildcard Characters?
false
-Maximum
Displays the maximum value of the specified properties.

Required?
false
Position?
named
Default Value
none
Accept Pipeline Input?
false
Accept Wildcard Characters?
false
-Minimum
Displays the minimum value of the specified properties.

Required?
false
Position?
named
Default Value
none
Accept Pipeline Input?
false
Accept Wildcard Characters?
false
-Property <string[]>
Specifies one or more numeric properties to measure. The default is the Count (Length) property of the object.

Required?
false
Position?
1
Default Value
Count
Accept Pipeline Input?
false
Accept Wildcard Characters?
false
-Sum
Displays the sum of the values of the specified properties.

Required?
false
Position?
named
Default Value
none
Accept Pipeline Input?
false
Accept Wildcard Characters?
false
-Word
Counts the number of words in the input object.

Required?
false
Position?
named
Default Value
none
Accept Pipeline Input?
false
Accept Wildcard Characters?
false
<CommonParameters>
This command supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug, ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, OutBuffer, OutVariable, WarningAction, and WarningVariable. For more information, see about_CommonParameters.
Inputs and Outputs
The input type is the type of the objects that you can pipe to the cmdlet. The return type is the type of the objects that the cmdlet returns.

Inputs
System.Management.Automation.PSObject
You can pipe objects to Measure-Object.
Outputs
GenericMeasureInfo or TextMeasureInfoObject
Example 1
C:\PS>get-childitem | measure-object
Description
-----------
This command counts the files and folders in the current directory.
Example 2
C:\PS>get-childitem | measure-object -property length -minimum -maximum -average
Description
-----------
This command displays the minimum, maximum, and sum of the sizes of all files in the current directory, and the average size of a file in the directory.
Example 3
C:\PS>get-content C:\test.txt | measure-object -character -line -word
Description
-----------
This command displays the number of characters, words, and lines in the Text.txt file.
Example 4
C:\PS>get-process | measure-object -property workingset -minimum -maximum -average
Description
-----------
This command displays the minimum, maximum, and average sizes of the working sets of the processes on the computer.
Example 5
C:\PS>import-csv d:\test\serviceyrs.csv | measure-object -property years -minimum -maximum -average
Description
-----------
This command calculates the average years of service of the employees of a company.
The ServiceYrs.csv file is a CSV file that contains the employee number and years of service of each employee. The first row in the table is a header row of "EmpNo, Years".
When you use Import-Csv to import the file, the result is a PSCustomObject with note properties of EmpNo and Years. You can use Measure-Object to calculate the values of these properties, just like any other property of an object.
Example 6
C:\PS>get-childitem | measure-object -property psiscontainer -max -sum -min -average
Count : 126
Average : 0.0634920634920635
Sum : 8
Maximum : 1
Minimum : 0
Property : PSIsContainer
Description
-----------
This example demonstrates the Measure-Object can measure Boolean values. In this case, it uses the PSIsContainer Boolean property to measure the incidence of folders (versus files) in the current directory.
See Also
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text:
Importing External Models in a Rotary Project
This section will present the process of importing the Full-3D STL model into rotary project, using a table leg as an example.
There are two basic use cases when importing an external model into the rotary job. The first case involves bringing a model designed for this particular job in another software. Thus the dimensions of the imported piece may already be correct and it can be desired to use them for the size of project. The second use case is when importing a stock model that would have to be scaled to fit on particular machine.
Aspire uses following workflow that covers both of those cases:
- Setting-up rotary project
- Choosing file for import
- Orientating the model in material block
- Scaling the model
- Finishing the import
Create a new job using the Job Setup form. It is important to set the job type as rotary to ensure a proper import tool is used in the next step.
If the dimensions of the project are already known, they could be specified directly.
If it is desired to fit the model to a given machine or stock available, set both the diameter and length to maximum. During import the model will be scaled to those limits.
If it is desired to use the imported model size, any size can be specified at this time. During the model import the project can be automatically resized to match the model dimensions.
In this example it was desired to fit the model into a specific stock size with a Diameter of 4 inches and a Length of 12 inches. XY origin was set to centre.
To start the importing process, use Import a Component or 3D Model tool from the Modelling tab
Make sure that the Imported model type is set to Full 3D model.
The first step is to position the imported model within the material. This step is necessary as this information is not present in the imported file. When the model was opened, the import tool chose the initial orientation, as can be seen below.
To help with orientating the model, the software displays a blue bounding cylinder. This cylinder has the rotation axis aligned with that defined for the material block and thus can be used as a reference. Its size is just big enough to contain the imported model at the current orientation. When the model orientation is changed, this blue cylinder will shrink or grow so it always contains the model. At this stage its exact dimensions are not important, as we are only interested in positioning the model correctly.
The software also highlights the rotation axis in red. This is particularly important when importing bended models. It is currently not possible to represent areas of model that are entirely below or above the rotation axis. This is the case in the example shown here. If the model was imported as is, the distortion would be created as can be seen below. Therefore it is important to position the model in a way such that the rotation axis is contained within the model.
The last guiding element displayed by the software is the red half arrow on the side of the cylinder. This arrow is indicating the position that corresponds to the center of the wrapped dimension in the 2D view. In this example the model is orientated in such a way, that front of the leg would be placed on side of the 2D view, rather than centre. Thus it is better to rotate model so this arrow points to the front of the imported model.
The import tool provides a few ways of adjusting the model orientation. The most basic one is the Initial Orientation. This can be used to roughly align the model with the rotation axis. This can also be combined with the Rotation about Z Axis.In this example the tool chose Left with no rotation. In order to align the front of the leg with the red arrow, one could use the Front and -90 as the Rotation about Z Axis.
Once the initial orientation is decided, further adjustments can be made using the Interactive Rotation. The default option - XYZ View - disables the interactive rotation. That means that the 3D view can be twiddled with a mouse. Selecting other options enables the rotation around the specified axis.
In this example, instead of changing the initial orientation to align the front of the leg with the red arrow, one could select X Model option and rotate the piece manually. When selecting single axis rotation, the 3D view will be adjusted to show that axis pointing towards the screen. If any mistake is made, it is possible to undo rotation using Ctrl+ Z
Notice that whenever the part is rotated, it is always centered in the cylinder. In this example it is not desired, since we need the rotation axis to be contained within the model. In order to move the model in relation to the rotation axis, one can use the Rotation Axis Movement
Similarly to the previously described tool, when Rotation Axis Movement is set to Off, the 3D view can be panned
Correctly positioning the model for importing may require a combination of the Rotation Axis Movement and the Interactive Rotation to achieve desired results with models that bend. It is important to make sure that rotation axis is hidden in order to avoid distortion. However it is also desirable to have the rotation axis being in the center of each segment of the piece to ensure tool has angle close to the optimal during machining. Usually it is also useful to rotate the model in view around the axis after the adjustment, as this allows us to inspect the model from each side without the need to disable the Interactive Rotation before changing the viewing angle.
It is important to understand that Aspire does not support 4-axis machining. That means that while the machined piece can be rotated and tool moves along the rotation axis and in the Z direction, it is not possible to move the tool in the wrapped dimension and thus the tool is always above the rotation axis and cannot be moved to the side.
This limitation is shown below. The first picture presents correct machining of the point. If the tool moves to another location though, the angle will be incorrect and even worse, the tool side will be touching the stock.
Once model has been positioned as desired, its size can be taken into account.
By default the tool will assume that imported model is using the same units as the project. If that is not the case, model units can be switched. In this example project was set-up in inches, while imported model was designed in mm. After switching model becomes considerably smaller and a red cylinder, representing current material block is shown, as can be seen below.
At this point it is possible to specify the model size, in terms of diameter and length. This can be done manually by typing desired dimensions, or by fitting to material. If Lock ratio option is selected, the ratio between diameter and length is kept. One can also tick Resize material block option. If it is selected, the material block will be scaled to match current size of the model, after OK is clicked.
If it is desired to use model size as material block size, one can just make sure units are correct, then tick Resize material block option and press OK.
If it is desired for the model to fit material, one could click Scale model to fit material and tick Resize material block.
In this example model was fitted to material. Since in this case length of the piece is limiting factor and lock ratio is maintained, this results in model having considerably smaller diameter than material block. Hence Resize material block option was ticked.
After pressing OK the model will be imported as a component. It is possible to modify it as any other component or add pieces of decorative clipart onto its surface if desired.
It is important to keep in mind the distortion caused by the wrapping process. That means that wrapped toolpaths will match flat toolpaths only at the surface of the blank. The closer to the rotation axis (i.e. deeper) the toolpath is, the more it will be 'compressed'. This fact have a profound implication for 3D toolpaths. Consider the example shown below.
As can be seen if there is substantial difference in diameter in different parts of model, generating one 3D toolpath for whole model will result in wrapped toolpath being overly compressed. Thus it is usually better to create boundaries of regions with significantly different diameter and generate separate toolpaths using correct settings for each diameter.
This section will present a process of importing Flat STL model into rotary project. Flat models are similar to decorative clipart pieces provided with Aspire and are supposed to be placed on the surface of modelled shape.
To start the importing process, use Import a Component or 3D Model tool from the Modelling tab
Make sure that Imported model type is set to Flat model
Again the first step is to select proper orientation of model. The tool will chose initial orientation and display model in the red material box. This box corresponds to the 'unwrapped' material block and its thickness is equal to half of the specified diameter of the blank.
If model is not oriented correctly, that is, does not lie flat on the bottom of the material box, as can be seen above, orientation have to be adjusted. To do that one can change Initial Orientation option and/or Rotation about Z Axis.
If imported model is not aligned with any of the axes, it may be necessary to use Interactive Rotation.The default option - XYZ View - disables interactive rotation. That means that 3D view can be twiddled with a mouse. Selecting other options enables rotation around specified axis.
Each rotation can be undone by pressing Ctrl+ Z.
Once model is properly orientated, units conversion can be performed. By default the tool will assume that imported model is using the same units as the project. If that is not the case, model units can be switched.
There is also model scaling option included. When Lock ratio option is selected, the ratio between X, Y and Z lengths are kept. Note that once model is imported, it


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text:
Ways curator Anne R. Pasternak, the exhibit is an installation commemorating the 20th anniversary of the "Manifeste de 343," a French public declaration in 1971 stating all the signatories had had abortions, the most celebrated of whom included Simone de Beauvoir, Catherine Deneuve, Marguerite Duras, Gisèle Halimi, Bernadette Lafont, Françoise Sagan, Agnès Varda, Jeanne Moreau, Brigitte Bardot, and scores of other prominent women in the arts. That manifesto opens with the lines, "One million women in France have an abortion every year. Condemned to secrecy, they have them in dangerous conditions when this procedure, performed under medical supervision, is one of the simplest. These women are veiled in silence. I declare that I am one of them. I have had an abortion. Just as we demand free access to birth control, we demand the freedom to have an abortion.
"The Abortion Project doubled the Manifeste's number, collecting 686 signatures of women in the arts, which was enlarged and painted in red directly on the gallery walls. The second part of the exhibit consists of artworks by 40 women artists who have long been involved with issues of gender and women's rights that had been shown at Simon Watson Gallery, in New York. They included Barbara Kruger, Adrian Piper, Lorna Simpson, Kiki Smith and Nancy Spero. The third part of the show featured "The Abortion Project Anthology," a publication featuring the work of women poets, artists and writers, including Laura Cottingham, Eileen Miles, Jill Rappaport, Kaye Rosen, Christine Sanders and Lynne Tillman. Besides Artists Space and Real Artways, the Abortion Project was also installed at New Langton Arts, San Francisco, CA, and at Hallwalls, Buffalo, NY, where it stirred considerable controversy with the city's conservative press and the religious right.
1991: The collective of queer women artists known as Fierce Pussy is formed to bring lesbian identity and visibility into AIDS activism and street demonstrations throughout the 1990s. Although composed of successive waves of lesbian activists, Nancy Brooks Brody, Joy Episalla, Zoe Leonard, and Carrie Yamaoka have made up the core membership.
_PHONE_: Felix Gonzalez-Torres, the conceptual sculptor who in January 1996 died of AIDS at age 38, combined his personal experiences with public conceptual art installations. In one exhibit, he piled wrapped candy in a corner and invited viewers to take one, replenished from an "endless supply," an idyllic sentiment exemplary of a desire for heaven on earth. Yet his art is anything but sentimental. His billboard installations of the early 1990s displaying the photographic images of his empty bed are simple facts of loss as much as they are tributes to his lover lost to AIDS in a public gesture that directs his grief into the collective that receives all private life events as political motivations and ends. In some of Gonzalez-Torres' minimalist candy installations the weight of the candy is to equal his lover's weight, other's his own weight, and still others the weight of both men combined. In the above installation, the candy is to be maintained at 1200 pounds.
_PHONE_: General Idea, the trio of artists whose queer art has been internationally exhibited since the early 1970s, would become decimated by the HIV virus, with two of its members, Jorge Zontel and Felix Partz, dying only months apart from each other in 1995. Surviving member, AA Bronson, has since gone on to make an art of post-science shamanism geared for a generation seeking a healing that science has so far shown itself incapable of supplying. (See more about General Idea and their iconic AIDS art in Part 4, When the Personal Is Made Political: Left Political Art Timeline, _PHONE_.)
1992: Artist and writer David Wojnarowicz died of AIDS-related causes. Although feminists in the 1970s had widely disseminated the notion of the person being political, as late as the mid 1980s, few male artists, gay or straight, made his personal life the center of his work as acutely and ultimately as tragically as had David Wojnarowicz. Then, too, it appears that Wojnarowicz's work from the very beginning emerged directly from his personal experience. He claimed that he didn't study art history, didn't go to college, and he was begrudged for not being an art world networker. And so he made his art about the things he knew: his boyhood; his sexuality; life on the street; and witnessing his body as it progressively fell victim to the HIV virus. A prolific and impassioned writer, the text of his art work, When I Put My Hands On Your Body, overlain the image of excavated graves, speaks as freshly these years after his death as when he wrote them.
"When I put my hands on your body on your flesh I feel the history of that body. Not just the beginning of its forming in that distant lake but all the way beyond its ending. I feel the warmth and texture and simultaneously I see the flesh unwrap from the layers of fat and disappear. I see the fat disappear from the muscle. I see the muscle disappearing from around the organs and detaching itself from the bones. I see the organs gradually fade into transparency leaving a gloaming skeleton gleaming like ivory that slowly revolves until it becomes dust. I am consumed in the sense of your weight the way your flesh occupies momentary space the fullness of it beneath my palms. I am amazed at how perfectly your body fits to the curves of my hands. If I could attach our blood vessels so we could become each other I would. If I could attach our blood vessels in order to anchor you to the earth to this present time to me I would. If I could open up your body and slip inside your skin and look out your eyes and forever have my lips fused with yours I would. It makes me weep to feel the history of your flesh beneath my hands in a time of so much loss. It makes me weep to feel the movement of your flesh beneath my palms as you twist and turn over to one side to create a series of gestures to reach up around my neck to draw me nearer. All these memories will be lost in time like tears in the rain."
_PHONE_: After being diagnosed with lymphoma, Hanah Wilke took to documenting her treatment of the disease and ultimately her death. Called the INTRA-VENUS series, Wilke created a monument that speaks for more than the feminism she for twenty years had represented with her art. Each successive photo and video makes it increasingly obvious that Wilke defied the societal convention of dying silently and away from view. She ignored the pity, disgust, and sentimentalism that so many people attach to death and dying, just as she refused misery and bitterness to overwhelm her life's work's. All this is the Personal is Political taken to its culmination. As did Camus in his writing, Wilke took a stand on death by imposing on it her choice of making death part of her art. This is a political act as much as it is for many a spiritual act, or just a living act. Wilke died on January 28, 1993. During the later stages of her illness, she collaborated with her husband, Donald Goddard, on a series of photographs documenting the realities of her physical and mental transformation.
Consensus has it that the artist Wolfgang Staehle was the first net host to sponsor an artsite online when he founded The Thing in 1991 in New York. Although it's capacity was limited to that of a bulletin board system (BBS), Staehle had a vision that the net would become something of a production, conferencing, and distribution platform for artists and art cognoscenti--in essence a net art world for the conceptual artist. He went on to establish The Thing Cologne in 1992, and The Thing Vienna in 1993. From there, other artists and curators entered the art net frey as the net became increasingly capacious. äda'web, curated by Benjamin Weil, went online in 1994, as did Plexus under Stephen Pusey's administration, Antonio Muntadas' comprehensive online archive of censorship cases known as The File Room and net.art, which under Vuk Ćosić became a hub for European artists, also appeared in 1994.
New technologies invariably renew utopian yearnings. Politically, the artist versed in institutional critique saw in the net the capacity to outmaneuver the gallery system, to eliminate the middle man---the curator and gallery dealer. Access was the dream that suddenly seemed attainable. As with any new technology, expectations ran high. With artists' entry to the internet and later the world wide web, art wouldn't only reach its democratic apogee in terms of production and distribution. Art would become nomadically composed and predisposed with the aid of a technology of unlimited data retrieval and sharing that reflects the human neurological system and its cognitive functions. Allowing us to randomly roam from conceptual model to conceptual model--say between the visual and the textual, the personal and the public, the rational and the poetic. As a result we adapt more quickly to diversity and change, become expert at identifying, even understanding interpretations not initially our own, and look forward to their surprises rather than react defensively to differences. All of which is to say that artists saw the net as affording a world of models--concepts and imagery--


text:
Volume 31, Issue 2 (March 2008)
Determination of Cylindrical Soil Specimen Dimensions by Imaging with Application to Volume Change of Bentonite-Sand Mixtures
Volumetric shrinkage of compacted bentonite and sand mixtures has been continuously monitored at small strain levels (i.e., <5 %) using a digital image processing technique. A special digital measurement setup and a computer algorithm have been developed in order to identify volume of the drying specimens. Volume change of three compacted bentonite-sand mixtures at different initial moisture contents were recorded during drying by means of vernier caliper and digital measurements. Continuous monitoring of the volumetric shrinkage of specimens using digital images proved that digital measurement and data reduction methodology developed herein is capable of determining the shrinkage amount with desired accuracy. It is shown in the study that consistent volumetric shrinkage strain readings can be taken using this cost effective, nondestructive, and operator independent measurement setup, which may have become the preferred shrinkage measurement methodology in soil mechanics laboratory practice with some added features.


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I am making a quiz application where I would need to have a timer. I was wondering if I can use JavaScript timer on visual studio windows form? It would look nicer with a graphical timer rather then having a number count down.
If yes, then can someone give me a example code on how the JavaScript code is used within a c# windows form?
share|improve this question
You have also timer component in Visual Studio - why don't you use it? You want analog - draw it (_URL_) on form or panel. – mj82 Nov 11 '12 at 19:08
You can't just call server methods from the client (unless the framework specifially supports it), but the server can produce enough data for the client to do the rest. – Jan Dvorak Nov 11 '12 at 19:09
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2 Answers
up vote 2 down vote accepted
Windows Forms don't natively support javascript execution. You'd normally create a graphical timer in a Windows Forms application using Windows controls or GDI+ - or perhaps by embedding a WPF control.
However, you could embed a WebBrowser control in a Windows Forms application. The WebBrowser can display HTML and execute javascript. It's really just an embedded IE control.
Here are some examples of using GDI+ in a Windows Forms application to draw an analog clock:
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While this post isn't necessarily asking how to use visual studio in a windows form in the right context, there is a way to do using a WebBrowser control. Most likely, you would already have a WebBrowser control and just want to communicate between the WebBrowser document and the host winform.
The secret is in that "Your scripting code can access your application through the window.external object, which is a built-in DOM object provided for host access, and which maps to an object that you specify for the ObjectForScripting property."
If you are looking for how to use javascript in a webform, you might just consider using a WebBrowser control and an hmtl document.
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Your Answer


nisd.domain.name
This configuration parameter specifies the NIS domain name for the adnisd process to use when communicating with NIS clients.
For example, to specify that you want to use euro-all as the NIS domain name in the zone named Europe-00-Zone, you can set this parameter as follows:
nisd.domain.name: euro-all
If this parameter is not defined in the configuration file, the zone name is used by default.


text:
In response to the question about the plaster sculpture lesson - - -
My grade 8 students are doing a non objective, subtractive sculpture for
a specific place. They will use plaster blocks made by pouring plaster into
lunchroom sized milk cartons. I start the lesson by presenting the kids with
50 or so laminated magazine photos of "public places." We talk about public
art and look at a power point presentation of some of the public art
sculpture in our city. We identify sculpture that enhances the environment and some
that does not. A commissioned sculpture in front of our Central Library has
caused much controversy. We talk about the pros and cons of this work of
art. We talk about material used for sculpture indoors and out. We talk about
what it means when a work of art is commissioned.
Each student selects a laminated photo of a special place for which
he/she will design a maquette for a non objective, "site specific" sculpture.
Students are encouraged to begin by eliminating the boxy "milk carton look" of
their form. They may choose to use the electric drill, with a large bit, to
drill one hole, after putting much thought into where it should go. We use a
variety off kitchen tools for carving, but the favorite is a tool I made
using the metal straps used to bind bundles of lumber. I cut a diagonal end and
wrapped the handle with duct tape.
Completed sculpture will be displayed with the photo of the special place
for which it was designed. We usually have terrific critiques of these


My first function
Hi there!
I've been trying to code my first function with no succes and i think that the solution might be in front of me.
This is a simplificcation of my data
Ticker metric1 metric2 metric3
HD 1 3 4
WMT 6 8 2
NVDA 1 2 3
I would like to make a list of every "Ticker" and thieir possible values, like this.
HD 1
HD 3
HD 4
To do so, i created my first function but when i try to rbind the information i dont have dataframes, only a list of items and i can work with it.
metrica <- function(x) {
 x <- yahoo %>% select('Ticker','metric'=x+1)
n <- length(colnames(yahoo))-1
total <- rbind(lapply(1:n,metrica))
Why is it displayed as a list? There is something wrong with my code?
Thank you!
I am not exactly sure what the end result is you are trying to get to, so it is hard for to manipulate your data to get there.
Your function results is a tibble. When you called lapply, the tibbles were placed into a list objects. You then called rbind, which bound the lists together.
If all you want is to gather all the metric values into a single column, a gather should be sufficient. The following code will do the job. The last line will delete what were the column names, to make it more similar to your desired results.
yahoo %>%
 key = "metric",
 value = "val") %>%
Created on 2020-05-30 by the reprex package (v0.3.0)
1 Like
I fully support using an existing function to do this if the outcome is all that matters. If the goal is to learn about function, then I suggest modifying the function as follows.
yahoo <- data.frame(Ticker = c("HD", "WMT", "NVDA"),
 metric1 = c(1,6,1), metric2 = c(3,8,2), metric3 = c(4,2,3))
metrica <- function(x) {
 yahoo %>% select(1, Value = x + 1)
n <- length(colnames(yahoo))-1
total <- bind_rows(lapply(1:n,metrica))
#> Ticker Value
#> 1 HD 1
#> 2 WMT 6
#> 3 NVDA 1
#> 4 HD 3
#> 5 WMT 8
#> 6 NVDA 2
#> 7 HD 4
#> 8 WMT 2
#> 9 NVDA 3
What you were trying to do inside the select() function by setting'metric' = x + 1 will not work. It is easier to just use the numeric positions of the desired columns. I did use the select() function to rename the second selected column, so the data frames would all have the same column names and could be bound together.
Thank you, FJCC. I did not know about gather, so i will use that instead of my function.
I will have in mind your corrections, in order to be better in my next function.
Thank you for your time!!
Thank you! I did not know about gather function, and it was all that i needed. You saved me a lot of time!
Thank you!


What is the World of Darkness and Vampire: the Requiem?
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1 Answer
Vampire: the Requiem is a game written by White Wolf in the "World of Darkness" game-line. The World of Darkness is a world not completely unlike our own, but darker; crime is more prevalent, corruption runs deep, homelessness and poverty are enhanced. In this world, monsters are real - monsters like vampires. In a Vampire: the Requiem game, players take the role of these creatures, monsters who are almost, but not quite, human. Players explore what it is like for their character to deal with their condition, whether they embrace it or fight to keep what is left of their humanity. In addition to the personal horror of night-to-night existence, the vampires of the World of Darkness organize in neo-feudal courts. The drama and political infighting that arises from that interaction - fighting over feeding rights, or in defense of the city's vampire laws - makes up a great portion of the appeal of a Vampire game. What is a LARP? A LARP or "Live Action Roleplaying" game is like any other... more
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text:
The Place of Face-to-Face Communication in Distributed Work
Type of work: Book Chapter
Categories:ICT & Information Society | Participation & Uses
Most distributed work requires mediated communication, but the appropriate use of mediated, as compared with face-to-face communication, is not well understood. From our ethnographic research on workplace communication, we characterize unique aspects of face-to-face communication. Face to face communication supports touch, shared activities, eating and drinking together, as well as informal interactions and attention management. We argue that these activities are crucial for sustaining the social relationships that make distributed work possible. We contrast these social aspects of communication with the informational aspects emphasized by traditional communication theories, arguing that social linkages are a precondition of information exchange. We also document the disadvantages of face to face communication – that it can be disruptive, expensive and effortful – describing when mediated communication is preferable. We discuss the design of "media ecologies" that balance the advantages and disadvantages of mediated and face to face communication to provide cost-effective solutions for communication in distributed organizations.


text:
Photographer Yi-Kai Tea
THIS vibrant individual is among the greatest living embodiments of a rainbow seen in nature. The rose-veiled fairy wrasse (Cirrhilabrus finifenmaa) is a newly described species, having long been mistakenly grouped with one of its relatives, the equally colourful red velvet fairy wrasse (Cirrhilabrus rubrisquamis).
An international team of researchers recently found that certain specimens of the red velvet wrasse collected in the Maldives had sufficiently different characteristics, particularly in colouration, to warrant a separate identification. The front third of the male rose-veiled fairy wrasse, for example, is coloured magenta with a unique dark purple-red central area (ZooKeys, _URL_.
Like most fairy wrasses, the rose-veiled species is mostly found in seas with rubbly seabeds and some coral cover, such as the Indian Ocean, although so far it is only officially known in the tropical waters of the Maldives and Sri Lanka. Its species name is a homage to the national flower of the Maldives, the pink rose, known locally as fiyatoshi finifenmaa.


text:
Science innovation partnerships and the future of Africa (Youssef Travali)
"We are here to celebrate science. The transformative power of science in Africa." So began this year's Next Einstein Forum, held in Rwanda at the end of March. This is the largest scientific gathering to ever take place in Africa, and its aim is to link African researchers around the world, and build the beginnings of a knowledge-economy which will transform the entire continent, and nurture its scientific talent.
Dr Youssef Travaly, the Vice President of Science, Innovation, and Partnerships for the Forum, holds a PhD, and has studied in Belgium, the US, and Senegal. Now based in Rwanda, he is an integral part of building this new community of inspiring African scientists.
Dr Travaly spoke to Traces.Dreams about the intricacies of the Next Einstein Forum, and what they are trying to achieve.


text:
The Sandusky Collection
Sandusky, Ohio was founded as Portland Township in 1816, renamed Sandusky City in 1817, and incorporated in 1824. The city of Sandusky is in the Firelands region of the Western Reserve, situated where Sandusky Bay flows into Lake Erie (about halfway between Toledo and Cleveland). The city's early economic and demographic growth was greatly influenced by the natural environment and resources of the region.Transportation innovations, such as steamboats and railroads, brought migrants from the east into the city and beyond, and moved raw materials through the city for delivery throughout the Midwest. The moderating effects of Lake Erie on the region's climate influenced the development of agriculture – most notably in establishing Ohio as an early center for the wine industry in the United States.
Other natural resources, including limestone, nearby forests, and the abundant waters of Lake Erie, inspired a variety of industries, including ice harvesting. At various points in its history, the Sandusky region has been a major lumber port, a site of multiple stone quarries, one of the nation's leading lakes fisheries, early aeronautics and the home of innovative manufacturing companies.
Best known today as the home of Cedar Point amusement park, Sandusky's history includes much in recreation and entertainment. Bands and singing societies, frequently inspired by the German culture of many of the city's immigrants, played an important role in the city's culture. The city parks system has been a source of pride for more than a century.
This collection attempts to showcase not only the historically unique aspects of Sandusky but give a general overview of important businesses, locations, people and events that influenced the city. The collection contains images from Sandusky Library and the Cleveland Press Collection.
Cleveland Memory Project
What is Cleveland Memory?
The Cleveland Memory Project is a freely searchable online collection of digital photos, texts, oral histories, videos and other local history resources, built by the Michael Schwartz Library at the Cleveland State University in collaboration with a host of community partners around Northeast Ohio.


Sri Krishna bended the rules of war to defeat the enemy?
Q: There are many occasions when Krishna advocates for bending the rules of war to defeat the enemy? Should he not practice what he preaches?
About the rules of the war, in the olden times, the rules of the war were well defined. Some of the rules were that war cannot be continued after the sunset, a person should not be attacked if he is not on a chariot or unarmed.
In the evening all of them used to take bath in the same lake!. The lake is still there in Kurushetra. Its called Brahmasaraovar.
Kauravas broke the law first in case of Abhimanyu. 16 people attacked and killed him from behind, while he was unarmed. From the 4th day onwards, the war was no more dharmically fought. As such when one party breaks the rules of the war, the other party will be forced to do the same.
Some of the last verses in Mahabharata asks the question: "Why are you not following dharma? You can enjoy Artha and Kama through a life based on dharma."


Tag: cross-lingual mediation
Cross-Cultural Mediators: what they do and how to become one?
Cultural mediators prepare and help people, businesses and governmental bodies to predict and forsee cultural differences and avoid problems arising from these. Education there is not a precise norm that defines this profession and in every country you can find different paths of how to become a cultural mediator. Generally at least secondary school education is required, depending on the country you can find different courses, organised by schools or regions, to refine your professionality. If you want to add a university degree to your profession you can choose from a variety of fields, such as Linguistic and Cultural Mediation Sciences, Oriental and African studies, Cross Cultural communication etc. Job market The need for cultural mediators varies enormously throughout the European region. Countries with a high demand for Mediators are typically the bigger member states of the EU receiving high numbers of immigrants (Italy, France Germany and UK) from Eastern... Read More


text: Figure 1: Effects of APA deficiency on SBP. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) of APA−/−, APA+/−, and APA+/+ mice at 3 months ( to 15 per group) was determined by a tail-cuff system. Each datum point represents the mean measurement of 2-d taken after 4-d training period. The average ± SEM of each group is represented by an open circle and a bar. *.


text:
High-throughput mass spectrometry technologies, such as surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-ToF-MS), generate large sets of complex data. The high dimensionality of these datasets poses analytical and computational challenges to the task of spectrum classification. In this paper, we describe a fast pattern recognition system for SELDI-ToF mass spectra, which hones in on spectrum subsets with high discriminatory power. The system incorporates a new filter for removal of common characteristics and noise. Our method is demonstrated on a set of 215 SELDI-ToF mass spectra of serum samples from ovarian cancer patients. We show that our system can extract the discriminatory subsets, and that the use of the new filter improves classification accuracy and computational speed.
|Number of pages
|Proceedings of the IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference, NEBEC
|Published - 2003
|Proceedings of the IEEE 29th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference - Newark, NJ, United States
Duration: Mar 22 2003 → Mar 23 2003
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- General Chemical Engineering


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Comparing NFPA 96 and the California Mechanical Code
By January 15, 2023January 17th, 2023No Comments
The California Mechanical Code, Chapter 5, Exhaust Systems and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 96 Standard for Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of Commercial Cooking Operations are both important codes for ensuring the safety and proper operation of exhaust systems in commercial kitchens. While the codes have some similarities, there are also some key differences between them.
Fire Safety
One of the main similarities between the two codes is the focus on fire safety. Both codes include provisions for the use of fire suppression systems in commercial kitchens to minimize the risk of fire and protect against potential damage. However, while the California Mechanical Code, Chapter 5, requires exhaust systems to be designed and installed in accordance with the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) standard 62.1, NFPA 96 focuses specifically on the design, installation and maintenance of commercial kitchen exhaust systems. This means that the NFPA 96 standard goes into more detail on the specific requirements for exhaust systems in commercial kitchens, including the construction and placement of exhaust hoods, ducts, and fans, as well as provisions for cleaning and inspection.
Another difference between the two codes is that while the California Mechanical Code, Chapter 5, includes general requirements for exhaust systems, NFPA 96 is specific to commercial kitchens. This means that the NFPA 96 standard includes provisions that are not found in the California Mechanical Code, Chapter 5, such as requirements for the cleaning and inspection of exhaust systems and guidelines for the use of fire suppression systems in commercial kitchens.
Cleaning
In terms of maintenance, both codes require regular cleaning and inspection of exhaust systems to ensure that they are free of obstructions and that the fans and other components are in good working order. However, the California Mechanical Code, Chapter 5, does not specify a frequency for these inspections, while the NFPA 96 Standard requires commercial kitchen exhaust systems to be inspected at least annually and cleaned at least every three months.

Overall, while the California Mechanical Code, Chapter 5, and the NFPA 96 Standard both focus on ensuring the safety and proper operation of exhaust systems, the latter is more specific to commercial kitchens and goes into more detail on the requirements for exhaust systems in these types of buildings. Building owners and operators should be familiar with both codes and ensure that they are in compliance with both codes to minimize the risk of fire and protect against potential damage.
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text:
Animal Species:Sieve-Patterned Moray, Gymnothorax cribroris Whitley, 1932
This blotchy patterned moray occurs on coastal reefs and estuaries, often in sheltered, silty waters.
The Sieve-Patterned Moray varies from yellowish to dark brown. It has pale irregular spots. There are dark blotches behind the eyes.
The species grows to about 45 cm in length.
The Sieve-Patterned Moray endemic to Australia, occuring off north-western Western Australia and southern Queensland to the central coast of New South Wales.
Distribution by collection data
It occurs on coastal reefs and estuaries, often in sheltered, silty waters.
- Böhlke, E.B. & J.E. McCosker. 2001. The moray eels of Australia and New Zealand, with the description of two new species (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae). Records of the Australian Museum. 53(1): 71-102.
- Castle, P.H.J. in Gomon, M.F., J.C.M. Glover & R.H. Kuiter (Eds). 1994. The Fishes of Australia's South Coast. State Print, Adelaide. Pp. 992.
- Kuiter, R.H. 2000. Coastal Fishes of South-eastern Australia. Gary Allen. Pp. 437.
- Kuiter, R.H. 1996. Guide to Sea Fishes of Australia. New Holland. Pp. 433.
Mark McGrouther, Collection Manager, Ichthyology


text:
Almost everybody loves having plants in their house or office. Sadly, only a few of us know how to take care of them well. Most of us are really not equipped with the nuances of gardening and end up with dead or wilted plants because we haven't been able to pay enough attention to them and do not know how much water, nutrients or light they need. To take the guesswork out of gardening, Switzerland-based company Koubachi has created this amazing Wi-Fi Plant Sensor. The sensor is designed to measure the amount of light, temperature and moisture that your plants need and can give the user precise feedback on how to keep their plants healthy.
To use, the Koubachi Wi-Fi Plant Sensor needs to be placed in a plant for a fortnight to gather the necessary data. The system can then provide accurate instructions for all the plants placed in the area. Next, the system sends alarms and care instructions to the user's email or smartphone via Wi-Fi allowing users to respond to the plants' needs in real time.
All the data gathered by the sensors is also stored in cloud storage for free. The system is designed to make gardening an accurate science for people who have little or no experience in taking care of plants. The Koubachi Wi-Fi Plant Sensor retails at a price of approximately $104.


text:
Mayor Greg Nickels officially launched the Puget Reference Station Network (PRSN), a regional Global Positioning System (GPS) network, which covers 1,600 square miles and will provide significant benefits for Seattle and the surrounding regions.
Using technology developed by Trimble, the PRSN will supply centimeter-level, real-time GPS data to government agencies, emergency managers, research institutions, scientific agencies, and private surveying and mapping professionals for a variety of applications including surveying, field inventory, construction, disaster response and scientific research.
The 10-station network is an extension of a four-year pilot project undertaken by Seattle Public Utilities (SPU); the pilot network was a four-station Trimble VRSÃ (Virtual Reference Station) network. The VRS enables users to take precise readings over much greater distances with fewer reference stations. Due to the scalable nature of the technology, the network can continue to grow as needs and coverage area increases. There are plans to expand the network to 32 stations covering 12,000 square miles throughout western Washington and then to 80 stations statewide.
The City of Seattle has partnered with the City of Renton; Kitsap Public Utility District (PUD); Washington Department of Transportation (WSDOT); Snohomish, King, Pierce, Thurston, Island and Skagit Counties; University of Washington (UW) and Central Washington University (CWU); the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); and the National Geodetic Survey (NGS).
Source: Trimble, Aug. 4, 2004


text:
Unconventional glass applications we have developed
Repairing the human body
Utilising additive manufacturing, glass can be used in orthopaedic implants. The aim is to develop the next generation of coatings for orthopaedic implants such as hip replacements.
Glass and metal can be combined to have better mechanical stability and faster integration with bone thus improving long-term clinical performance and reducing the revision rate. This will deliver a significantly better clinical outcome for patients and savings for the health service. This novel technology has the potential to transform the manufacture of orthopaedic implants and has applications in other fields requiring specialist combinations of glass and metal.
Glass materials are excellent carriers for sustained and controlled release of different ingredients to deliver desired properties. We have invented novel glass solutions to stabilise and increase the strength of rock formations using this technology. These can be mixed and pumped with the conventional used in the construction and oil industry to seal or control water flow or stabilise ground whilst retailing permeability to allow drainage.
Glass materials are key to a range of waste immobilisation technologies intended to transform a potentially hazardous chemical or radioactive waste into a form which can be more easily handled and safely stored or disposed of. Glass materials are utilised by these technologies to either chemically incorporate or physically encapsulate toxic materials and thereby create a stable 'waste-form', where the toxic material is locked away by a vitrous (glassy) barrier.
Due to the wide variety of treatment technologies and potential waste-streams, it is often necessary to tailor the glass materials used in these processes to meet specific requirements. We have worked for a range of organisations and developed the expertise necessary to design and develop materials which can act glass precursors. We are then able to demonstrate their suitability through lab scale melting trials and subsequent analysis of the resultant 'waste-forms'.
R&D and innovation leadership and expertise
Our experts conduct innovative research and development projects for clients across a wide range of sectors and glass applications. We operate from a centre for glass research and development and are supported by our ISO/IEC 17025 accredited laboratory,


text:
Maytag dishwashers are one of the world's biggest-selling dishwashers. They have a reputation for being high-quality, reliable, and easy to operate. It's not uncommon for a Maytag dishwasher owner to have their dishwasher for a long time.
However, sometimes parts in the dishwasher can break down, and they will need to be repaired or replaced. In this guide, you will find a list of some of the most common reasons why your Maytag dishwasher might not be running and how you can fix them.
The following Maytag dishwasher models are covered by this guide:
Check the Door Latch
The best place to start when trying to find the reason why your Maytag dishwasher is not running is to check the door latch. The purpose of the door latch is to make sure that the dishwasher door latches shut and cannot open during a wash cycle. When it doesn't latch correctly, the dishwasher will not be able to start or run correctly.
To check the door latch:
- Simply close the dishwasher door and check if it closes correctly.
- If the door won't shut properly, then the door latch will need to be replaced.
Check the Water Supply
Make sure that the dishwasher is properly connected to the water source.
You can do this by:
- Checking all the water hoses, connections, and switches to make sure they are turned on and connected correctly.
- If you find any of the water hoses, connections, or switches are faulty, you will need to replace them.
Check the Door Switch
The next component to check is the door switch. The purpose of the door switch is to make the dishwasher turn off when the door is open. When the switch stops working correctly, the dishwasher won't be able to start at all – even if the door is closed properly. To test the door switch, you need to be comfortable using a multimeter device.
Here's how to test it:
- Start by turning the power off.
- Locate the door switch – you can find it in the console on the top of the door. You will have to remove the screws to the top console and then open it up to get access to the switch.
- Use your multimeter to test it for continuity.
- If it has continuity, this means it is still functional and not the cause of the problem. If it doesn't have continuity, then it is defective and will need to be replaced.
Check the Thermal Fuse
The next component to check is the thermal fuse. When the thermal fuse becomes defective and blows, it shuts off power to the dishwasher when it overheats, meaning you won't be able to start it again until the fuse has been replaced.
To check the thermal fuse, you need to:
- Make sure the power is turned off.
- Locate the thermal fuse – it is also in the door console.
- Test the thermal fuse for continuity using your multimeter.
- If the test shows that the thermal fuse has no continuity, it will have to be replaced. If it does have continuity, this means it hasn't blown, and you can move on to the next possible cause of the problem.
Test the Touchpad and Control Panel
Another common problem people have with Maytag dishwashers is when the touchpad stops working correctly.
To test it out, you need to:
- Make sure that the power is switched on.
- Press each button and check if each one responds as it's supposed to.
- If one or more of the buttons don't work, then you'll need to replace the touchpad.
- If the buttons all work correctly, then you can reset the control panel by unplugging it from the wall for one minute and then turning it back on. This should reset the control panel and might fix the problem.
- If resetting the control panel doesn't fix the problem, then move on to the next component to check.
Replace the Timer
The next component to check is the dishwasher timer. The function of the timer is to make sure that power flows to the proper components in your dishwasher and at the right times. When the timer stops working correctly the dishwasher might not start.
Timers are difficult to test and are often misdiagnosed by technicians as defective when they are not. So before replacing the timer, make sure you have tested all of the other components that we have listed above first.
To replace the timer, you need to:
- Make sure the dishwasher is turned off.
- Locate the timer.
- Replace the old timer with the new timer.
- Turn your dishwasher back on and check if it is now working.
Check the Main Control Board
The final component to check is the main control board. When the main control board stops working correctly, power doesn't get sent to each component properly. This causes the dishwasher to not be able to start or run. It's difficult to test the main control board, so your best option is to replace it only after you have checked all of the other components that we have listed above.


text:
Ben Franklin Political Cartoons
On this day back in 1754, Benjamin Franklin's now-famous "Join or Die" woodcut cartoon was first published in his Pennsylvania Gazette newspaper. The cartoon, which showed a snaked severed into eight segments each representing a British American colony or region, was meant to inspire unity among the colonies before the French and Indian War. Later, it became an important symbol of colonial freedom during the Revolutionary War.
Interestingly, Franklin chose to represent all of New England as one segment, as opposed to the four colonies it was at the time. He also omitted Delaware and Georgia completely. Even back in the 18th century, space was tight for cartoons.
It's also a learning lesson for editors about the power of cartoons. Along with the cartoon, Franklin wrote an editorial about the "disunited state" of the colonies to drive home the importance of colonial unity. Over 250 years later, Franklin's column is long forgotten, but his cartoon is still as popular as ever.
Here's how it appeared back in 1754:


D if the supplied $path is not absolute. The object method form changes the directory relative to the path of the invocant if $path is not absolute. The optional named parameter test can specify a file test that should be applied to the target path if the operation is successful. The default test is that the directory is readable.
If the directory change is successful then the IO::Path representing the target directory is returned, otherwise it will fail with X::IO::Chdir.
routine mkdir
multi sub mkdir(Int:D $mode, *@dirnames --> @success-dirnames);
multi sub mkdir($path, $mode = 0o777 --> Bool);
method mkdir(IO::Path:D: $mode 0o777 --> Bool)
Creates one or more directories with the permissions specified as an integer (thought still subject to umask).
Throws an exception of type X::IO::Mkdir if the directory cannot be created, except for the *@dirnames form which returns the names of the directories that were successfully created.
routine rmdir
sub rmdir($dir as IO --> Bool)
method rmdir(IO::Path:D: --> Bool)
Remove the given directory if it is empty.
Returns True on success. Throws an exception of type X::IO::Rmdir if the directory cannot be removed (e.g. the directory is not empty, or the path is not a directory).
routine chmod
sub chmod($mode, *@filenames --> @success-filenames)
method chmod(IO::Path:D: $mode --> Bool)
Changes the POSIX permissions of a file (or in the subroutine form, any number of files) to $mode.
The subroutine form returns the names of the files for which setting the new mode was successful. The method form returns True on success, and otherwise fails with X::IO::Chmod.
The mode is expected as an integer following the standard numeric notation, and is best written as an octal number:
chmod 0o755, "myfile1", "myfile2"; # make two files executable by the owner
"myfile".IO.chmod(0o444); # make a file read-only
$*CWD.chmod(0o544); # make the working directory read-only
Make sure you don't accidentally pass the intended octal digits as a decimal number (or string containing a decimal number):
chmod '0444', 'myfile'; # BAD!!! (interpreted as mode 0o674)
routine rename
method rename(IO::Path:D: $to, :$createonly --> Bool);
sub rename($from, $to, :$createonly --> Bool);
Renames a file. Both $from (the file to be renamed) and $to (the destination) can take arbitrary paths. If :createonly is set to True, the rename fails if a file already exists in the destination. Returns True upon success, or fails with X::IO::Rename if the operation could not be completed.
Please use move if a file could not be moved by renaming (usually because the destination is on a different physical storage device).
routine copy
method copy(IO::Path:D: $to, :$createonly)
sub copy($from, $to, :$createonly);
Copies a file, as indicated by $from or the invocant, to the destination specified. If :createonly is set to True, copy fails if a file already exists in the destination. Returns True upon success, or an appropriate Failure if the operation could not be completed.
routine move
method move(IO::Path:D: $to, :$createonly)
sub move($from, $to, :$createonly);
Moves a file. Both $from (the file to be moved) and $to (the destination) can take arbitrary paths. If :createonly is set to True, the move fails if a file already exists in the destination. Returns True upon success, or fails with X::IO::Move if the operation could not be completed.
Please use rename if a file can be moved by renaming (which is usually possible if the destination is on the same different physical storage device).
method symlink(IO::Path:D: Str $name --> Bool);
sub symlink(Str $target, Str $name --> Bool);
Create a new symbolic link named as $target (or the name of the invocant in the method form,) to the existing file named $name.
Both forms will return True on success or fail with X::IO::Symlink if the symbolic link could not be created.
method link(IO::Path:D: Str $name --> Bool);
sub link(Str $target, Str $name --> Bool);
Create a new link named as $target (or the name of the invocant in the method form,) to the existing file named $name.
Both forms will return True on success or fail with X::IO::Link if the link operation could not be performed.
method unlink(IO::Path:D: --> Bool);
sub unlink(*@filenames --> @success-filenames);
Delete all specified ordinary files, links, or symbolic links.
The subroutine form returns the names of the files that were successfully deleted. The method form returns True on success, or fails with X::IO::Unlink if the operation could not be completed.
method IO
method IO(IO::Path:D: --> IO::Path)
Returns the invocant.
method SPEC
method SPEC(IO::Path:D: --> IO::Spec)
Returns the IO::Spec object that was (implicitly) specified at object creation time.
my $io = IO::Path.new("/bin/bash");
say $io.SPEC; # (Unix)
say $io.SPEC.dir-sep; # /
File Test operators
-e -f
The -e and -f file test operators do not exist in Perl 6. Use instead :e and :f.
-M -A -C
The -M, -A and -C file test operators do not exist in Perl 6, use instead the modified, accessed and changed methods instead.
:e :d :f :l :r :w :x :s :z :rw :rwx
:e Exists
:d Directory
:f File
:l Symbolic link
:r Readable
:w Writable
:x Executable
:s Size
:z Zero size
:rw Readable and writable
:rwx Readable, writable, and executable
Usage:
If you have a string - a path to something in the filesystem:
if "path/to/file".IO ~~ :e {
 say 'file exists';
}
my $file = "path/to/file";
if $file.IO ~~ :e {
 say 'file exists';
}
Instead of the colonpair syntax, you can use method calls too:
if 'path/to/file'.IO.e {
 say 'file exists';
}
If you already have an IO object in $file, either by creating one yourself, or by getting it from another subroutine, such as dir, you can write this:
my $file = "path/to/file".IO;
if $file ~~ :e {
 say 'file exists';
}
File timestamp retrieval
There are also 3 methods for fetching the 3 timestamps of a file (inode), on Operating Systems where these are available:
method modified
Return an Instant object representing the timestamp when the file was last modified.
say "path/to/file".IO.modified; # e.g. Instant:_PHONE_
To obtain a human-readable form of the timestamp, call DateTime method on the returned Instant, to convert it into a DateTime object:
say "path/to/file".IO.modified.DateTime; # e.g. 2015-02-16T12:18:50Z
method accessed
Return an Instant object representing the timestamp when the file was last accessed.
say "path/to/file".IO.accessed; # e.g. Instant:_PHONE_
To obtain a human-readable form of the timestamp, use a DateTime object:
say DateTime.new("path/to/file".IO.accessed); # e.g. 2015-02-19T13:45:42Z
or more readably:
my $access_instant = "path/to/file".IO.accessed;
my $access_time = DateTime.new($access_instant


TV review by
Joyce Slaton, Common Sense Media
Lore TV Poster Image
Podcast-turned-TV-show digs into creepy history.
Parents say
age 15+
Based on 3 reviews
Kids say
age 12+
Based on 2 reviews
Did this review miss something on diversity?
A lot or a little?
The parents' guide to what's in this TV show.
Positive Messages
Real historical anecdotes are told through narration, reenactments, and animated segments, which will without a doubt make viewers interested in learning more about different events and people in history. However, since Lore concentrates largely on dark/creepy subjects, parents may think twice about letting younger viewers watch, knowing what they might find online or in books.
Positive Role Models & Representations
The focus here is on things that have happened, not the people they have happened to as much -- thus, a lack of role models. Viewers may take inspiration from the fact that creator Aaron Mahnke was just a guy who started a podcast and now he has his own TV show.
Lore is a historical show that focuses on eerie things -- expect to see unsettling imagery. Examples: a realistic drawing of a man hanging from a noose, historical etchings of terrified people buried alive, a man who envisions his dead wife returning from the grave.
Drinking, Drugs & Smoking
What parents need to know
Parents need to know that Lore, based on a podcast, looks at real historical incidents that have some type of link with folklore, myth, or urban legends. Viewers may be more interested in history after watching, particularly in the topics covered on the show. However, since much of the subject matter is dark and creepy, this may be a mixed blessing and may make parents reconsider allowing tweens and younger to watch. There's plenty of spooky imagery that may disturb younger viewers, such as historical drawings of people who were buried alive, realistic images of a man hanging from a bridge by a noose, graphics illustrating historical tests to see if people were really dead, like sticking needles underneath a toenail. Reenactments show occasional blood and injuries. However, if your kids' interest leans toward the spooky, this may be a fun watch for families with teens.
User Reviews
 - Parents say
 - Kids say
Adult Written byJjshelo September 28, 2018
Not appropriate for kids
My 12 year old watched the episode about the dolls. She was hysterical that evening and the following day. It is not appropriate for all kids. The school showed... Continue reading
Adult Written byCassandra C. May 9, 2018
Brief Nudity
brief nudity, historic photo of a dead body
Teen, 13 years old Written bysilverslls November 25, 2018
Scary, but Good
If your kids like horror and history, then they will love this tv show. When I watched this, I was terrified at first, but then its was okay. There are some par... Continue reading
Kid, 9 years old November 8, 2018
This TV show is for mature children
This show is scary but not as scary as something like IT.The first season didn't scare me but the second season did.The only scary episode on season 1 is a... Continue reading
What's the story?
Based on the popular podcast of the same name, LORE digs into the odd and creepy in history. How did a raging family case of tuberculosis lead to the most well-documented vampire hunt in historical America? When a 19th-century Irishman believed that a fairy changeling had been substituted for his wife, what happened next? Hosted by creator Aaron Mahnke, LORE (the show) uses dramatic reenactments, historical images, and animation to explore the point at which reality meets myth.
Is it any good?
Arresting in an educational TV kind of way, this series exists in the place where the Venn diagram for "creepy," "historical," and "interesting" intersects. New viewers may not even realize the show is built on the bones of a podcast, also named Lore, also hosted by Mahnke, who narrates here (in a slightly robotic tone that may make more than one viewer question whether it's a person or AI giving the skinny on Houdini and lobotomies). And the show's subject material translates well to a visual medium, particularly when historical images make Mahnke's anecdotes come vividly alive.
The show is a little less effective during some of the reenactments, which have the same slightly cheesy air TV reenactments are generally known for. They also drag on in some episodes: A man's family members each die slowly of tuberculosis before we get to the point of one episode, that corpses were exhumed in order to check if they were undead. Did we really need to see each member coughing bloody messes into handkerchiefs to get the point that he was grief-stricken? No matter -- Lore is great viewing for people who like to mesmerize (or alienate) people at cocktail parties with sinister chatter about weird happenings, even if it drags at some points.
Talk to your kids about...
 - Families can talk about Lore's appeal. How is it different from a horror movie or a documentary that focuses on a more common historical subject, like a war or an important new invention?
 - Why do people like stories about death, dying, torture, illness, and other "unpleasant" subjects? What is interesting about these subjects?
 - Do you listen to the podcast this series is based on? If you like this show, will you like the podcast, and vice versa? Do you know of any other podcasts that became TV shows?
TV details
Our editors recommend
For kids who love spooky stuff
See how we rate
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text:
Tiny, cute and oh so vulnerable. As thousands of baby Western Toads attempt to navigate life in Chilliwack, British Columbia, they only hope they don't get squished by passing motorists.
All week, these miniature toads have traversed Ryder Lake Road, making an attempt to migrate from the wetlands around the lake where they were born into the surrounding forest, reports the Vancouver Sun.
But doing this requires a trip across one of two local roads for the 800,000 or so babies smaller than a dime, so the Fraser Valley Conservancy has stepped in to help control traffic.
(PHOTOS: Top 10 Miniature Animals)
The conservancy hopes to eventually build costly toad-crossing tunnels to place underneath the roadway, an attempt to increase the survival rate of the babies, which can be as little as 1%. Still, with a female having as many as 16,000 eggs, the Western Toad still has a place in B.C., as evidenced by the toad road crossings.
A conservancy representative tells the Vancouver Sun that during peak migration to expect toads covering 30% of the roads around the lake. And with each crossing taking roughly five minutes, it doesn't help that when the tiny creatures get scared they either freeze or roll over.
PHOTOS: Top 10 Evil Animals


text:
Mysql Lpad Function is used to add padding to the left end of the string.The Function stopped the combination of string and added padding if it reached the length character. Incase the string is shorter than the length,the string will be shortened from the left and will go with the specified length constraint.The padding can be any character.
Understand with example
The Tutorial understand an example from 'Mysql Lpad Function'.To understand this example we use the given below syntax:
Query to use Lpad Function:-
The Query below return you the all the letters of roseindia.net and are padded with 2 # to the left of the LPAD.
mysql> select LPAD('Roseindia.net',15,'#')as LPAD;
+-----------------+ | LPAD | +-----------------+ | ##Roseindia.net | +-----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
If you are facing any programming issue, such as compilation errors or not able to find the code you are looking for.
Ask your questions, our development team will try to give answers to your questions.