encodedText, $maxLength) { $foundSplitPos = false; $lookBack = 3; while (!$foundSplitPos) { $lastChunk = substr($encodedText, $maxLength - $lookBack, $lookBack); $encodedCharPos = strpos($lastChunk, '='); if (false !== $encodedCharPos) { // Found start of encoded character byte within $lookBack block. // Check the encoded byte value (the 2 chars after the '=') $hex = substr($encodedText, $maxLength - $lookBack + $encodedCharPos + 1, 2); $dec = hexdec($hex); if ($dec < 128) { // Single byte character. // If the encoded char was found at pos 0, it will fit // otherwise reduce maxLength to start of the encoded char if ($encodedCharPos > 0) { $maxLength -= $lookBack - $encodedCharPos; } $foundSplitPos = true; } elseif ($dec >= 192) { // First byte of a multi byte character // Reduce maxLength to split at start of character $maxLength -= $lookBack - $encodedCharPos; $foundSplitPos = true; } elseif ($dec < 192) { // Middle byte of a multi byte character, look further back $lookBack += 3; } } else { // No encoded character found $foundSplitPos = true; } } return $maxLength; } /** * Apply word wrapping to the message body. * Wraps the message body to the number of chars set in the WordWrap property. * You should only do this to plain-text bodies as wrapping HTML tags may break them. * This is called automatically by createBody(), so you don't need to call it yourself. */ public function setWordWrap() { if ($this->WordWrap < 1) { return; } switch ($this->message_type) { case 'alt': case 'alt_inline': case 'alt_attach': case 'alt_inline_attach': $this->AltBody = $this->wrapText($this->AltBody, $this->WordWrap); break; default: $this->Body = $this->wrapText($this->Body, $this->WordWrap); break; } } /** * Assemble message headers. * * @return string The assembled headers */ public function createHeader() { $result = ''; $result .= $this->headerLine('Date', '' === $this->MessageDate ? self::rfcDate() : $this->MessageDate); // To be created automatically by mail() if ($this->SingleTo) { if ('mail' !== $this->Mailer) { foreach ($this->to as $toaddr) { $this->SingleToArray[] = $this->addrFormat($toaddr); } } } elseif (count($this->to) > 0) { if ('mail' !== $this->Mailer) { $result .= $this->addrAppend('To', $this->to); } } elseif (count($this->cc) === 0) { $result .= $this->headerLine('To', 'undisclosed-recipients:;'); } $result .= $this->addrAppend('From', [[trim($this->From), $this->FromName]]); // sendmail and mail() extract Cc from the header before sending if (count($this->cc) > 0) { $result .= $this->addrAppend('Cc', $this->cc); } // sendmail and mail() extract Bcc from the header before sending if (( 'sendmail' === $this->Mailer || 'qmail' === $this->Mailer || 'mail' === $this->Mailer ) && count($this->bcc) > 0 ) { $result .= $this->addrAppend('Bcc', $this->bcc); } if (count($this->ReplyTo) > 0) { $result .= $this->addrAppend('Reply-To', $this->ReplyTo); } // mail() sets the subject itself if ('mail' !== $this->Mailer) { $result .= $this->headerLine('Subject', $this->encodeHeader($this->secureHeader($this->Subject))); } // Only allow a custom message ID if it conforms to RFC 5322 section 3.6.4 // _URL_ if ('' !== $this->MessageID && preg_match('/^<.*@.*>$/', $this->MessageID)) { $this->lastMessageID = $this->MessageID; } else { $this->lastMessageID = sprintf('<%s@%s>', $this->uniqueid, $this->serverHostname()); } $result .= $this->headerLine('Message-ID', $this->lastMessageID); if (null !== $this->Priority) { $result .= $this->headerLine('X-Priority', $this->Priority); } if ('' === $this->XMailer) { $result .= $this->headerLine( 'X-Mailer', 'PHPMailer ' . self::VERSION . ' (_URL_ ); } else { $myXmailer = trim($this->XMailer); if ($myXmailer) { $result .= $this->headerLine('X-Mailer', $myXmailer); } } if ('' !== $this->ConfirmReadingTo) { $result .= $this->headerLine('Disposition-Notification-To', '<' . $this->ConfirmReadingTo . '>'); } // Add custom headers foreach ($this->CustomHeader as $header) { $result .= $this->headerLine( trim($header[0]), $this->encodeHeader(trim($header[1])) ); } if (!$this->sign_key_file) { $result .= $this->headerLine('MIME-Version', '1.0'); $result .= $this->getMailMIME(); } return $result; } /** * Get the message MIME type headers. * * @return string */ public function getMailMIME() { $result = ''; $ismultipart = true; switch ($this->message_type) { case 'inline': $result .= $this->headerLine('Content-Type', static::CONTENT_TYPE_MULTIPART_RELATED . ';'); $result .= $this->textLine(' boundary="' . $this->boundary[1] . '"'); break; case 'attach': case 'inline_attach': case 'alt_attach': case 'alt_inline_attach': $result .= $this->headerLine('Content-Type', static::CONTENT_TYPE_MULTIPART_MIXED . ';'); $result .= $this->textLine(' boundary="' . $this->boundary[1] . '"'); break; case 'alt': case 'alt_inline': $result .= $this->headerLine('Content-Type', static::CONTENT_TYPE_MULTIPART_ALTERNATIVE . ';'); $result .= $this->textLine(' boundary="' . $this->boundary[1] . '"'); break; default: // Catches case 'plain': and case '': $result .= $this->textLine('Content-Type: ' . $this->ContentType . '; charset=' . $this->CharSet); $ismultipart = false; break; } // RFC13


text:
Technical Specifications & Guarantees
Applied R&D&I for Responsible Installations
CAON®-KORWI® Silicone Covers have been developed as a protective measure against bird electrocution on overhead electric distribution and transport lines with a maximum voltage Um between 15kV and up to 66kV (depending on the model), offering a Phase-Earth dielectric rigidity value of Um/√3.
These devices are designed to be installed on existing lines and on those in which our Bird Protection Insulators models C3670EBAV_AR, _PHONE_ and _PHONE_ cannot be installed.
The aim of these devices is to protect birds from electrocution caused by the bird contacting a conductor and support at the same time, and by the bird contacting two conductors at the same time. These devices are equally effective at protecting overhead lines against other causes of short circuits, such as those caused by tree branches, vandalism, etcetera, avoiding the risk of a fire and electrical service interruptions.
MANUFACTURED WITH >> SPECIFIC ADVANCED FORMULATION SILICONE (Pg. 75) WITH A HYDROPHOBICITY LEVEL of Hc2. Due to their composition and nature they repel the build-up of moisture and are permeable to Oxygen. These devices have a minimum silicone thickness of 3 to 3.5mm (depending on the model), ensuring excellent performance under exposure to UV radiation, with no colour degradation or crystallisation, and they are effective even in areas with extremely high saline pollution. Thanks to their advanced technology, our covers show Lower Leakage Currents, thanks to the hydrophobic properties they transmit to the contaminant layer.
- GUARANTEE: Our Silicone is Ozone Resistant (UNE EN 60811-403) and thanks to its advanced formulation it can improve its dielectric strength (Pg. 75) after passing the 1000h Weathering Test – UNE EN 60243-1. In addition, the 5 000h Weathering Tests, -IEC 6119 Annex C-, performed at the STRI (Sweden) Laboratory – which include the harmful effects of Saline Fog – allow us to estimate the service life of our covers at a minimum of 20 years.
- ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY AND SUSTAINABLE: The material used to manufacture the covers is a safe inert material, containing no microbial agents and giving off no contaminants to the surrounding environment. It can be easily recycled at the nearest waste collection point. The packaging is made with recycled carton sealed with organic paper adhesive tape.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Birds do it. Bees do it. And in a laboratory in northern California, scientists using bumblebees recently figured out the best way to measure it. For biologists who study flight, knowing the maximum vertical lifting strength of a species can lead to a better understanding of how an animal escapes predators, pursues or flees potential mates, and transports its food. Yet calculating the vertical lifting capacity of a small bird or insect is no simple matter.
Photo right: A bumbleebee lifts a string of weights in an experiment in the Animal Flight Laboratory at the University of California. The grid behind the bee enables researchers to measure exactly how high the bee ascends from the ground. (Photo courtesy Robert Buchwald)
Recently, scientists Robert Buchwald and Robert Dudley of the Animal Flight Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley (Dudley is also a Research Associate at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama), tested the accuracy of two different methods of calculating an insect's load lifting ability on bumblebees (Bombus impatiens). They found that bumblebees can lift (in addition to their own bodies), on average, 53 percent of their body weight. Yet one of the methods they tested underestimated the bees' strength by 18 percent.
Scientists began using the cumulative method of measuring lift in 1987. It involves attaching one tiny weight to the abdomen of an insect with a string. Each time the insect flies and raises the weight into the air, additional weight is added until the insect can no longer raise it from the ground. The weight of the final load lifted and the weight of the maximum load not lifted are averaged together and added to the body weight of the insect to determine its maximum vertical lift.
This slow-motion video shows a bumblebee lifting a string of weights in the Animal Flight Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley. The left side of the screen shows the testing chamber from above, looking down upon the experiment. The right side is a lateral view of the chamber as seen in a mirror set at a 45-degree angle. The mirror lets the scientists see how high the bee is flying. Slowing down the audio recording of this experiment enables the researchers to calculate the wingbeat frequency of a bee during periods of maximum vertical lift. (Video courtesy Robert Buchwald)
A second method established in 2004, the asymptotic method, involves attaching a long string of tiny, evenly spaced weights to a bee's petiole or midsection. As the bee rises it pulls the string of beads up with it until the chain becomes too heavy to lift further, at which point the bee hovers. The weight of the beads lifted from the ground, the weight of the string and the bee's body weight are added together to determine the bee's vertical lifting strength. Data from this method, on average, indicated bumblebees had an 18 percent higher vertical lifting ability than data gathered using the cumulative method.
Why is knowing the vertical lifting strength of a bumblebee important to biologists?
"Escape and chasing performance for flying animals can profoundly influence survival and, in some cases, mating success," Dudley says. "Identification of the physiological and biomechanical limits to flight performance can indicate more general features of the behavior, ecology, and evolution of flying animals."
Orchid bees tested in Panama lifted about 100 percent of their body weight using the same [asymptotic] method, Dudley explains, so bumblebees are on the low side of vertical lifting strength among bees. "They aren't really high-performance fliers, rather better at transporting nectar and pollen loads—typically less than 50 percent of their body weight—back to the nest at regular intervals."
A paper by Buchwald and Dudley describing these results was published in a recent issue of the Journal of Experimental Biology. —John Barrat
- Camera traps & radio collars reveal hoarding strategies of the South American agouti
- Digital Stradivari: computer models of violins reveal master luthier's techniques
- For first time, scientists prove locusts use vision to place their legs when walking
- Salad science: Coaxing caterpillars to reveal the secrets of their leafy desires
- Video: Common birds in Washington, D.C. are helping Smithsonian scientists track intensity of the West Nile Virus

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Author(s): Wahyuningsih Tedjo, Kehinde A Taiwo, Mohammad N Eshtiaghi, Dietrich Knorr
This study compared mass transfer during osmotic dehydration (OD), as well as some quality indices, of untreated mango samples to those pretreated by applying high intensity electric field pulses (HELPs), high pressure (HP) or supercritical carbon dioxide having the same initial cell disintegration index (Z p ) in the range 0.50-0.58. HELP and HP pretreated samples had a higher water loss (WL) and higher solid gain (Sg) than the untreated samples. Applying supercritical carbon dioxide did not improve water loss but facilitated higher sugar gain (8-42%) than in the other pretreated samples. HP and supercritical carbon dioxide pretreatments increased the red intensity (a values) of the mangos. The breaking force of HELP and HP pretreated samples increased with OD time.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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January 5, 2012 -
A cold-related die-off of manatees in early 2011 set the stage for a third straight year with high numbers of deaths for the species. Biologists with the research arm of the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) documented 453 manatee carcasses in state waters in 2011.
During the past three years, biologists documented the highest levels of cold-related manatee deaths, with the "cold stress" category accounting for 112 in 2011, 282 in 2010 and 56 in 2009. In the previous five years, cold stress accounted for an average of 30 manatee deaths per year.
The total number of reported manatee deaths in 2011 was the second-highest on record. Biologists documented a record 766 manatee deaths in 2010 and recorded the third-highest total of 429 in 2009.
"We are concerned about the number of manatee deaths the past three years, including those resulting from exposure to cold weather," said Gil McRae, director of the FWC's Fish and Wildlife Research Institute. "Over the next few years, we will use data from monitoring programs to better understand any long-term implications for the population. We will continue to work with our partners to enhance the availability of natural warm-water sites, which are important habitats for the species' survival," McRae said.
FWC researchers, managers and law enforcement staff work closely together to evaluate mortality data and identify necessary actions. Managers focus on actions that can reduce risks to manatees and protect foraging and warm-water habitats. The FWC's Division of Law Enforcement, in cooperation with partner agencies, uses knowledge of local boating habits, well-posted speed zones and up-to-date manatee information as part of its on-the-water enforcement operations. Informing boaters about manatee conservation and enforcing manatee-protection zones are priorities for the FWC.
To learn more about manatee conservation, go to _URL_.
Florida residents can help manatees by purchasing the manatee specialty license plate, available at county tax collectors' offices. The funds collected for these plates go directly to manatee research and conservation.
To report a dead or distressed manatee, call the FWC's Wildlife Alert Hotline at 888-404-FWCC (3922).
Designed by Gray Digital Media


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Have you ever wondered about Byron Bay's past?
Byron hasn't always been a laid-back surfer town…
The original inhabitants were the Arakwal people, part of the Bundjalung group. They called the area Cavvanbah, meaning meeting place.
Byron Bay has changed dramatically in the last 250 years. Here's a time line of European history…
1770 : Captain Cook named Cape Byron as he was sailing past
1828 : William Johns on the HMAS Rainbow mapped the Bay
1884/5 : The village of Cavvanbah was surveyed. 200 lots of land were sold.
1894 : Opening of the railway. Cavvanbah was renamed Byron Bay.
Early 1900's : Dairy and pig industry dominated.
1930's : Sand mining was established between Ballina and Brunswick Heads
1954-62 : The whaling industry took as many as 150 humpback whales per year.
1960's : Surfers discovered the many beaches around Byron Bay.
1973 : Nimbin's Aquarious Festival established Byron Bay as hippy / alternative town.
1980's : Byron Bay discovered by backpackers as a must visit destination.
1990's – present : Tourism is the largest industry in Byron Bay, with people flocking from all over the world to enjoy the beaches, the surf, the markets, the festivals and that famous Byron atmosphere!


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Dear Guardian Angels Community and visitors:
I am happy to inform you that as a result of our GROW pastoral planning program, a long-term strategic planning process, a new mission statement has emerged for Guardian Angels Catholic Church!
"Guardian Angels exists to reach out from the
Altar of Christ to educate, serve, and evangelize."
As Catholics, we come together around the Altar of Christ to be nourished and fed by both Word and Sacrament. However, we cannot stay here, we cannot limit ourselves to receiving, for we are called to go back into the world and make a difference. One of the most striking images in Sacred Scripture describing God's bountiful love and care for humanity is the prophesy given to Ezekiel in Chapter 47. He prophesied:
The Lord brought me to the door of the temple; and behold water was trickling from below the Altar of the temple and water was coming out of the temple and it was ankle-deep. The river was deep enough to swim in, but could not be passed through. Fishermen will stand along its shore and spread their nets; many kinds like the fish of the Great Sea. On both sides of the river, there will grow all kinds of trees for food. Their leaves will not wither nor their fruit fail, but they will bear fresh fruit every month, because the water for them flows from the sanctuary.
Brothers and Sisters, just like the image of water trickling down from underneath the Altar of Christ into the courtyard, spilling out into the streets from underneath the walls and rushing through the fields as a river of great depth and width, let us remember that our journey as baptized people neither stops nor ends at the Altar of Christ, for the Altar of Christ is not a point of arrival but it is a point of departure. Yes, each one of us is called to make a difference in the world by being God's love amongst people, by being forgiveness for others, by being the fulfillment of God's plan on earth, by being the light of truth in the world, and by being rivers of living water bringing new life and fruitfulness through the land. We can accomplish this by educating, serving and evangelizing. May God's spirit of giftedness and generosity permeate both the minds and hearts of each member of our parish community, friends and neighbors to make a difference in the world!
Fr. Fernando Ortega ~ Pastor


In Alan Oppenheim's book Signals and Systems a comparison is made between the properties of discrete-time and continuous-time complex exponential signals in section 1.3 pg. 26. Specifically it says:
The continuous-time complex exponential $e^{j\omega_0t}$ has two properties: 1. the larger the magnitude of $\omega_0$, the higher is the rate of oscillation in the signal 2. $e^{j\omega_0t}$ is periodic for any value of $\omega_0$
Consider the discrete-time signal $e^{j(\omega_o+2\pi)n}= e^{j2\pi n} e^{j\omega_0 n}=e^{j\omega_0 n}$. Because of the periodicity implied by this equation, the signal $e^{j\omega_0 n}$ does not have a continually increasing rate of oscillation as $\omega_0$ is increased in magnitude. Rather, as illustrated in Figure 1.27, as we increase $\omega_0$ from 0, we obtain signals that oscillate more and more rapidly until we reach $\omega_0=\pi$. As we continue to increase $\omega_0$, we decrease the rate of oscillation until we reach $\omega_0=2\pi$, which produces the same constant sequence as $\omega_0=0$
figure 1.27
My confusion is with the part that is in bold. For the continuous-time case, we know that
$\omega_0 = \frac{2\pi}{T_0}$ and it makes sense to me that decreasing $T_0$ (more frequent oscillations) would cause $\omega_0$ to increase. Similarly, for the discrete-time case we know that
$\omega_0 N = 2\pi m$ for $N,m \in \mathbb{Z}$ Solving this equation for $\omega_0$, we get
$\omega_0=\frac{2\pi m}{N}$. Just like in the continuous-time case, decreasing N should cause $\omega_0$ to increase. So I am not seeing what is so special about $\omega_0=\pi$, the rate of oscillations suddenly start decreasing. I don't see that in the math if you decrease N.
As a consequence of the sampling theorem, the frequency spectrum of a discrete random variable is periodic, but it turns out that signals that are inherently discrete in time and not derived from an A/D converted continuous time signal are also periodic in frequency. As a consequence, as the frequency is increased, it goes from the positive portion of one periodic interval, to the next, i.e. it transitions to the negative image of the next interval.
In the old days, DSP was mostly a sub discipline of Electrical Engineering, and DSP was focused on doing things digitally that were previously done analog. In order to talk about DSP, without having to reference, a sampling frequency, a convention called unit sampling was commonly used, and a period of the spectrum is from -1/2 to 1/2.
As time progressed it was noted that DSP wasn't directly tied to processing analog derived signals and unit sampling was somewhat artificial, so it was recognized that $2\pi$ was a natural periodic interval, an $2\pi$ fits between $-\pi$ and $\pi$, which is why $\omega=\pi $ is a transition point in the spectrum.
Your Answer


Why Is Does Your Tea Gets Cloudy? 3 Possible causes
Do you wonder why your tea gets cloudy or whether it is safe to drink? Read on for some possible explanations and tips for ensuring clear iced tea.
Why Does Your Tea Gets Cloudy
Learn the steps to prevent a cloudy tea
I once brewed a pitcher of sweet tea right after I moved across the country to a new place. It was summertime and I needed something cool and incredibly sweet to drink while unpacking in the heat.
I took it out of the fridge the next morning to pour a glass and was shocked to see the entire pitcher was filled with this odd-looking cloudy iced tea. I'd never had that happen before!
It confused and concerned me. I ended up throwing it out and brewing a whole new pitcher because I wasn't sure if it was safe to drink.
Eventually, I figured out what caused this and I was able to brew ice tea without it going cloudy. Now that I understand what happens when ice tea turns cloudy, I can take steps to prevent it.
Here are the most common culprits for tea cloudiness.
Possible Causes Of Clouding
There are several possible reasons why iced tea gets cloudy, and each one can be easily fixed.
1. Hard Water
This turned out to be what was wrong with the tea in my new place: My tap water came from a well instead of a public water system.
Straight from the tap, the cold water tasted great but was full of minerals like magnesium and calcium.
This type of water is also known as hard water and the minerals that make water hard may dissolve when hot but reform when it's cooled down, showing up the next morning in your pitcher.
Solution: If you have hard water and suspect the minerals are what's clouding up your tea, you have two options.
 - Install a water filtration system in your home. You'll want to call a plumber for this, but it can be worth it to have good quality water available from every tap in your house.
 - Use distilled water for brewing your tea. You can buy it by the gallon at your local grocery store.
2. Unclean Equipment
Another thing that can cause cloudiness in your tea is residue from a previous brewing left on your kitchen tools.
 - Limescale in your kettle can build up and then flake off into your water as it boils.
 - Particles from loose-leaf tea can remain inside an unrinsed teapot.
 - Oils from certain types of tea or coffee can remain on unwashed utensils.
These residues can not only cloud up your brew–they also alter the taste, diminishing flavor and leaving an unpleasant aftertaste.
Solution: If your tea is not only cloudy but the flavor seems off, check the cleanliness of your kitchen equipment. You may find that your electric kettle has developed limescale deposits that are breaking off into your hot water, or that your dishwasher is not cleaning thoroughly.
Always be sure to clean your tea equipment with hot soapy water. You don't want to be drinking from dirty dishes and you definitely don't want to be brewing contaminated tea!
3. Heat Shock
Some of the compounds in tea, especially polyphenols like tannins and theaflavins, oxidize when exposed to an extreme temperature shock such as refrigeration.
Once oxidized, they bond with the caffeine in tea to form particles. While the tea is hot, they are dissolved into the liquid, making them invisible.
The white particles floating in the tea appear once it has cooled down.
A close up of a drink
Let the tea cool to room temperature naturally before adding ice
Solution: If your tea brews nice and clear at first, but when chilled it clouds up, then heat shock is likely to be the culprit. Once you've finished steeping, let the tea cool to room temperature naturally before adding ice.
To clear up a pitcher of tea that has become cloudy after chilling:
 - Remove your container from the refrigerator and add one cup of boiling water per quart of tea. Stir with a long spoon. This will cause the particles to dissolve again, suspending them in the liquid and clearing your tea right up. Pour the tea over ice cubes and serve immediately.
 - Another method to keep heat shock from clouding iced tea is to cold-brew it. Place room temperature water and black tea bags into a glass container for 8 to 10 hours for cold brewing. It can either sit on a sunny porch, making sun tea, or it can be placed in the refrigerator overnight.
The Final Word on Why Your Tea Gets Cloudy
If you're still not sure what is causing your tea to cloud up, here is a recipe for making cloud-proof iced tea that you can't go wrong with.
 1. Boil one quart of distilled water in a very clean pot. If you want sweet tea, add 1 cup of sugar and boil until dissolved.
 2. Turn off the heat. Place 1/2 cup of loose tea leaves or 8 tea bags into the water and cover.
 3. Let it steep for 8 to 10 minutes.
 4. Remove the bags or leaves and recover the pot. Let it sit for a couple of hours until it comes to room temperature.
 5. Pour into glasses filled with ice and serve immediately.
This recipe can be made with both black and green teas and will turn out perfectly clear iced tea every single time. You should never be stuck serving cloudy tea to your guests!
FAQs on Why Your Tea Gets Cloudy
Why is my hot tea cloudy?
While cloudy hot tea isn't as common as iced, it can still happen. The most likely culprit is hard water. Try brewed tea made from distilled water and see if that clears it up.
Is cloudy tea safe to drink?
Yes. If your cloudiness has been caused by hard water or heat shock, it may look unattractive but it will taste just the same and it will be perfectly safe. However, if you notice that the flavor is off as well, this may be caused by equipment that's been improperly cleaned, and you should toss the tea out before cleaning your equipment and brewing a fresh batch.
 - A E Inman is a direct response copywriter and humor blogger. When she's not poking fun at her attempts to start a writing business, she can be found in the tea aisle of her local import store, arguing with strangers over the merits of rare tea varietals. She enjoys writing copy while consuming copious amounts of coffee and gunpowder tea.


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"Walk with dreamers, the believers, the courageous, the cheerful, the planners, the doers, the successful people with their heads in the clouds and their feet on the ground. Let their spirit ignite a fire within you and leave this world better than when you found it." - Wilfred Peterson
This quote from Wilfred Peterson is one of Leslie's favorites. It summarizes many of the personal beliefs that have guided his decision-making. Taught the importance of both hard work and customer focus by his parents, Leslie built on this strong foundation, adding excellence, courage, innovation, passion and creativity, and philanthropy to his personal list of success factors. Under the umbrella of these values is his conviction that each generation should leave the company, and more importantly, the world, better off than how they found it. Not one to merely talk the talk, the Rudd Foundation has played a major role in local and national charitable endeavors.


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GEOFF TOMPKINSON / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY GEOFF TOMPKINSON / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
A butterfly fish, Chaetodon lunula. As the name implies, butterfly fishes are a group of highly coloured tropical fish. They are specialized feed- ers which feed on invertebrates living between coral. The pincer-like mouth on the end of an elongated snout enables the fish to penetrate into coral in search of concealed prey. Its greatly compressed body allows it to move between coral with ease. Butterfly fish are usually solitary or live in pairs. They are related to perch. Their striking colour patterns, body shape and graceful movements have attracted them to acquarium hobbyists. Photographed in the Central Pacific.
Model release not required. Property release not required.


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HMMH conducted a Greenhouse Gas Emission analysis for two projects in Massachusetts in support of the Environmental Impact Report submittals. The analysis was conducted to address the Massachusetts Environmental Policy Act (MEPA) recent Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Policy. The MEPA GHG Policy requires all applicable projects to evaluate greenhouse gas emissions of carbon dioxide generated by the project. Both Projects were large, mixed-use development projects near public transportation infrastructure incorporating a wide array of sustainable design elements.
The GHG analysis consisted of estimating direct emissions from combustion sources: indirect emissions associated with the electrical and gas demands from the buildings along with transportation emissions generated by the project. As part of the analyses, HMMH evaluated the proposed sustainability measures for direct and indirect sources and their effect on the Projects total GHG emissions for the three operating alternatives. Examples of the types of sustainable elements evaluated were energy efficiency in the boilers and HVAC systems, high-efficiency lighting, green building roofs, window shading, and traffic demand mitigation measures.
The analyses showed that implementation of all the proposed sustainable design elements in order to meet LEED standards resulted in a reduction of GHG emissions compared to designing the Project to a minimum code-compliant condition.


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The theme behind the three rings I have produced derives from the five ancient Greek elements: earth, air, water, fire and spirit. Each element has a corresponding geometric shape: earth — cube, fire — tetrahedron, water — icosahedron, air — octahedron, spirit — dodecahedron. For my three rings I chose to work with earth, fire and water.
Not only did I want to work with the element's corresponding shapes, but I also wanted to incorporate the tangible quality of each element through coloration of the metal. For the earth ring, the coloring of the cubes with the liver of sulfur is representative of raw materials like gold and coal. I chose to leave the heat patina on the fire ring since it is evocative of the element that was used to create it. Furthermore, I chose to polish the cuts representative of the tetrahedron since fire is brightest when it is hottest. The vinegar and salt patina on the water ring is suggestive of either water itself or the algae that co-exists. Lastly, the interspersed polishing on the water ring is reminiscent of water's reflective quality as it ripples.
The rings both abstractly represent their respective elements through the incorporation of their associated geometric shape in the case of the earth and fire ring, as well as evoking the essence of each through the coloration of the metal across all three.


text:
IoT6 SME Handbook
By supporting research projects, the European Commission expects it to contribute to job creations in Europe. The present handbook has been written to support SMEs in the transition from IPv4 to IPv6 in order to help them addressing the Internet of Things emerging market.
It gathers some key recommendations on how to exploit IPv6 features for the Internet of Things. The handbook is organized as follows:
Chapter 1 gives an overview of the main benefits that the Internet of Things can gain by using IPv6, and describes some potential area of applications, such as cloud, mobile word, building automation.
Chapter 2 details for the SMEs, the main benefit of integrating IPv6 and IoT. As an example, some of the use (and business) cases developed in the context of the IoT6 project are presented.
Chapter 3 provides some practical advices and several technical details about how SMEs can set up IPv6, and in detail, how different services (mail and web server, DNS, etc.) can be enabled with IPv6.
Finally, Chapter 4 concludes the book. We hope you will enjoy reading it.
Feel free to download IoT6 Handbook.


A Day of Botanical Art Techniques for All Levels
by Deb Shaw
Sunday, January 27, 2019 9:00 am to 3:00 pm at the Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden
Cost, BAGSC Members: $50 Non-Members: $60
Register online at: _URL_ Bring your own lunch or purchase from the Arboretum Café.
 1. Creating 3D forms by light to dark shading in graphite
 2. How to do a watercolor wash
 3. Easy color mixing in watercolor (NEW—just added!)
 4. Dry brush techniques (NEW—just added!)
 5. Using pen and ink in scientific illustration
 6. Drawing with silverpoint
 7. Color pencil techniques in botanical art
 8. Labeling your painting with calligraphy
 9. Creating 3D forms by light to dark in watercolor
 10. How to draw a leaf in graphite
 11. Using mixed media in scientific illustration
 12. Graphite tips and tricks
 13. Perspective for plants
 14. Watercolor pencil techniques
 1. Cristina Baltayian
 2. Diane Daly
 3. Akiko Enokido (NEW—just added!)
 4. Sally Jacobs
 5. Lesley Randall
 6. Olga Ryabtsova
 7. Gilly Shaeffer
 8. Deborah Shaw
 9. Ellie Yun-Hui Tu
Questions about the Workshop? Contact the BAGSC Education Chair.
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jQuery Tests
These jQuery tests/quizes will help you to check how much you know, or don't know, about jQuery to prepare for the interviews. You may also go through jQuery tutorials before giving tests.
Each test contains MCQs, and you will get 1 point for each correct answer. There is no time limit for the tests.
jQuery selectors, methods, animation, DOM traversing, events, ajax, etc.
No of Questions: 20
Level: Easy
Start jQuery Test


text: This Article explores a central theme that ties together rationales to exit aggregation of tort claims: disaggregating helps to protect litigants' substantive rights and furthers the public's faith in a legitimate judicial system. Disaggregating promotes adjudication's principal purpose, which is to produce outcomes that reflect parties' substantive entitlements as defined by applicable state laws, but does so in a way that is procedurally fair and psychologically satisfying. Part I introduces the centralization paradox—the practice of centralizing claims before a single judge that the judge typically cannot resolve on an aggregate basis except through private settlement. As Part II elaborates, that practice is at odds with procedural rights, rights that on paper purport to preserve plaintiffs' preference for trial in their original fora. Part III then chronicles the benefits of allowing plaintiffs to exit the centralized litigation in terms of procedural justice, substantive aims, and democratic ideals. Part IV explains how the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation ("MDL Panel" or "the Panel") and the transferor courts might strategically disaggregate national claims for trial after they have been centralized to capture multidistrict litigation's pretrial efficiency. Finally, Part V considers objections to disaggregating in a procedural system in which accuracy, efficiency, finality, and consistency each compete with one another for top billing.


text:
A 150 – 300 word response to the following,,Describe when a z-test should be performed as opposed to a t-test? Which (if any) can we use all the time? Why or why not?
Regent Papers is a library of common essays on high school, college, undergraduate and postgraduate topics. We have collected top papers from various institution, students and professors. The papers are based on common essay topics in all subjects.
2922 Oak Grove Drive La Cañada Flintridge, CA 91521.


text:
AAMC Situation Judgment Test (SJT)
The AAMC Situational Judgment Test (SJT) was created to improve the admissions process by assisting medical schools to assess pre-professional competencies that have been shown to impact the long-term performance of an individual as a medical professional. If combined with pre-interview screening, the AAMC SJT has the capacity to:
- Assist in facilitating holistic review earlier in the screening process of the application
- Provide academic metrics that is balanced
- Determine applicants that have specific strong or weak pre-professional competence that may need additional review
- Widen the skills, experience, and demographic variation of the applicant pool considered for the next phase
Considering the long-standing commitment of the AAMC to serving the community of medical school admissions, they are uniquely positioned to create a program that is both efficient and trusted by vital stakeholders.
The AAMC has established a document that goes over this information this information at _URL_.
What is measured on the AAMC SJT exam?
It is a standardized exam that presents various hypothetical scenarios that students may pass through when they're in medical school and asks participants to evaluate the effectiveness of some behavioral responses to each scenario.
The AAMC has joined forces with experts in various subjects in the medical school community, including admissions officers, faculty, students, and diversity affairs officers to incorporate the exam for medical schools.
The response of those that are participating in the examination will offer insight into their knowledge of effective and ineffective qualities across eight important pre-professional competencies for new medical students.
The competencies were determined by medical educators as being vital for students to understand in order to be successful in medical school. They include:
- Capacity for improvement
- Resilience and adaptability
- Reliability and dependability
- Ethical responsibility to self and to others
- Cultural competence
- Social skills
- Service orientation
Research backing the AAMC SJT test
The AAMC has a multi-phase research plan to determine the competence of students in four areas, including psychometrics, fairness, predicting medical student performance, and community reactions. Research has engaged MCAT examinees, medical students, and medical school admissions officers to study the different forms of the SJT.
General results of these research studies have shown the AAMC SJT:
- Is valid and reliable
- Correctly predicts the performance of medical students
- Shows small to no group variations
- Adds value to the process of admissions above and beyond existing application data
The operational pilot for 2020
Together with two medical schools – University of Minnesota Medical School Twin Cities and University of California Davis School of Medicine – the AAMC will carry out a limited-scale operational pilot to show:
- How best to administer this type of assessment
- How to include it into the application process of undergraduates
- To have a better understanding of the ways in which it can be used to bring value to the admissions community
Throughout the 2021 medical school application and selection cycle that is approaching, both schools taking part in the pilot will strongly encourage applicants to complete the AAMC SJT during the application cycle of 2021. To get additional information on how these schools will apply the scores during the evaluation phase of admission, directly reach out to the admissions offices.
Applicants that are planning to apply to either school should visit the official website for additional details regarding the AAMC SJT pilot, including requirements for applicants of both pilot schools, frequently asked questions, and much more.
The exam is open only to applicants to the two pilot schools mentioned earlier for the AMCAS 2021 cycle, and applicants are strongly encouraged to complete the exam on one of the provided exam dates.
If scores are displayed to enhance the holistic review process of the schools, then the schools may consider them as one part of their admission decisions. The exam will be carried out in two testing windows across six dates. Appointments will be available throughout each test day starting at 8 a.m. local time.
Exam format & length
The exam is made up of written scenario sets that present hypothetical dilemma associated to eight vital competencies. The scenarios are based on real-world situations you may experience in medical school. They are set in health care, educational, or other real-life settings. This is similar to the CASPer exam.
Read More –> Podcast 79: Are You Thinking About the CASPer Exam?
The scenarios were created for pre-health students, and prior health care experience is not needed to perform well on the exam. Following each given scenario are items that describe actions you could take in response to the dilemma presented in the scenario.
You will be asked to rate the effectiveness of each action using a 4-point scale:
- 1 = very ineffective
- 2 = ineffective
- 3 = effective
- 4 = very effective
There will be a total of 30 scenarios and 186 items on the test. Sample scenarios sets can be found online for practice, and a full-length practice exam will be available on or about Aug. 1, 2020, to help you become familiar with AAMC SJT scenarios and items.
Total session time may vary depending on the required technology check for remote-proctored, online exams. You may shorten the time needed by ensuring in advance of your exam check-in that your workspace is clear of prohibited materials, that your technology meets all the required specifications, and by closing all applications and programs. An overview of the time allocated is as follows:
- Examinee agreement: 4 minutes
- Tutorial (optional): 5 minutes
- Check-in: 5 to 10 minutes
- Exam time: 75 minutes
- Void question: 3 minutes
- Check-out: 2 to 5 minutes
- Post-test survey (optional): 5 minutes
- Total session: 90 to 105 minutes
How should students study for the exam & AAMC SJT sample questions
The exam is very similar to the CASPer exam, so we recommend that students do the MedSchoolCoach CASPer Prep & Simulation program to gain the confidence they need to do well on the exam. You should also look over the sample questions that AAMC has published, available here.


text:
Abstract: In this paper, genetic algorithm has been investigated for the enhancement of the visible and infrared images. The algorithm was effective as the contents of the images became clear with the successive iterations. The algorithm was applied on the image for 200 random DNAs with successive iterations. The analysis of the results showed that the quality of images get enhanced with the successive iterations.
Keywords: Genetic Algorithm, Image Enhancement, DNA.


text:
9 divided by what equals 5?
9 divided by what equals 5? In other words, you have 9 and you divide it by something and then you get 5. What is that something?
We will call that something "X". Here is the equation to find the solution:
First, multiply both sides by X to get rid of the X as denominator.
Then, divide both sides by 5 to get X by itself as follows:
Thus, the answer to "9 divided by what equals 5?" is 1.8.
Note that our answers are rounded to the nearest thousandth if necessary. You can divide 9 by 1.8 to check that we got the right answer.


You Are Registered As A Participant In A Mass Disturbance
Domestic, International
Ukraine Protests Kiev
Protesters in Kiev, Ukraine recently received an ominous text message based on their proximity to the ongoing demonstrations in the center of the city. It's easy to feel like technology is helping citizens organize and protest against the government until you receive a targeted text message reminding you that the government is watching your every move. While this cartoon is inspired by the events in Ukraine, it can be applied much more generally to protest and dissent in any country, as mass surveillance technologies like facial recognition continue to develop and become ubiquitous.


text:
Lumbricus terrestris is indigenous to the holarctic zones - the world's northern continents. It was introduced into temperate regions of South America, Australia, New Zealand and several temperate oceanic and southern islands by European settlers and traders.
It is widespread and common in Britain, often in undisturbed habitats - particularly grasslands and pastures. It is also commonly found in lawns, parks and gardens, but less common in woodlands and arable soils.
Lumbricus terrestris is an anecic species as it creates permanent vertical burrows in the soil.
An L. terrrestris burrow can be 1–3m deep and the earthworm inhabits it for its entire life cycle.


text:
« Back to Tree Recycling
Homes and Nests for Wildlife
For the past decade, town crews in Easton, Md., have taken discarded trees to Poplar Island. The trees, strategically placed across the island, provide habitat and nesting sites for birds like common terns, least terns and American black ducks. Other trees are screwed into stumps and become nesting areas for egrets and herons.
Poplar Island is home to more than 200 bird species and 26 nesting species. Projects like using Christmas trees helps attract wildlife to the uninhabited island. Read more.


text:
Uganda's wildlife authorities say the halt to tourism income caused by COVID-19 has pushed many people who depended on tourists into poaching the very animals the industry depends on. Uganda's national parks recorded a doubling of wildlife poaching during the pandemic compared to this time last year. Uganda's conservationists are looking for alternative income sources for the communities to stop the poaching. Between February and June of this year, the Uganda Wildlife Authority recorded 367 poaching cases across the country, more than double the 163 cases recorded during a similar period in 2019. John Makombo, the Uganda Wildlife Authority director for conservation, attributes the increase to the COVID-19 lockdown, lost income for people who work in the tourism industry and inadequate human resources to cover all the conservation areas. Tourism is usually Uganda's leading foreign exchange earner, reaping $1.6 billion in the 2018-2019 financial year alone. But, with the closure of the tourism sector due to COVID-19, Makombo says the tourism sector is not taking in any money, making the national parks vulnerable to poachers.
One of Africa's Most-celebrated Authors and Playwrights has Died Aged 81
Ethiopian Airliner Accused of Discrimination
What To Do about Khartoum?
Scholars Study the Political Dynamics of West Africa
News App Ensures Nigerians are Informed
Zimbabweans Living in South Africa in Limbo
Uganda's Pension Market Experiences Significant Growth
The Corner Shop Gets Digitised
Last year, Africa Birthed a lot of Notable Innovations Created by the Younger Generation
Offering Passengers to Seychelles More Travel Options
Tinubu Hits the Ground Running
Russian Minister Makes a Quick Stop in Nairobi


text:
Dr. Cohen obtained his medical degree at Mount Sinai, completed an anesthesiology residency at Columbia, and a pain fellowship at Massachusetts General Hospital. He is a professor of anesthesiology neurology and physical medicine and rehabilitation at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and Uniformed Services University. He is also chief of pain medicine and director of the Blaustein Pain Treatment Center at Johns Hopkins. Dr. Cohen has been active in teaching and pain research, having published over 300 peer-reviewed articles and book chapters. Among his major contributions are the development of an FDA-approved denervation technique for treating sacroiliac joint pain, helping set up the first pain clinic in a war zone, performing the first studies evaluating the epidural administration of biological agents for pain, serving as the Senior Investigator on the Congressionally-mandated study evaluating compounded topical creams for chronic pain, serving as committee chair for the ASRA/AAPM/ASA ketamine guidelines for pain management, and conducting research on facet arthropathy and epidural steroid injections that has changed the way the conditions are viewed and treated.
- Baltimore, MD


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OOn the left - UAV operator workplace, on the right - payload operator workplace:
General view of two sets of GCS consoles in the class for UAV operators training:
Simulator INDELA-HIL, designed by KB INDELA Ltd., allows for solving the tasks on the training of UAV pilots and payload operators, during preparation for UAVs application in specific areas, and for the debugging of equipment and software complexes with UAVs.
Simulator INDELA-HIL is as close to real conditions as possible and provides all opportunities for the GCS operators training:
- control console duplicates the view of workplaces for UAV operator and payload operator in GCS of the complex INDELA-SKY;
- software simulates UAV flight and the image on monitors observed by the operator;
- in virtual space all possible tasks can be practiced: creation of flight assignment, flight control, reconnaissance and surveillance, artillery fire adjustment, determination of the strikes results, etc.; - simulator imitates day and night UAV flights, as well as flights in severe weather conditions (fog, rain, wind blasts, etc.);
- the possibility to simulate the actions in emergency situations and in case of failure of separate UAV systems;
- instructor can set the difficulty level of training, give introductory tasks and intervene in trainee actions during training.
Training of UAV operators on the simulator INDELA-HIL is one of the most important elements to ensure safe operation of unmanned complex. Training allows for minimizing the impact of human factor and the possibility of erroneous actions of the unmanned complex crew.
The relevance of simulator training has steadily increased due to the fact that the human factor remains the main cause of aviation accidents. The simulators efficiency is determined by their ability to provide high-intensity training. In addition, the simulator training of UAV operator is beneficial from an economic point of view.
Using of INDELA-HIL simulator for UAV operators training allows to: - significantly reduce the time and cost of training;
- reduce the number of actual UAV flights;
- conduct training in the environment as close to the real action of operators in the GCS as possible;
- instructor's control of the accuracy of detection and identification of targets in various conditions;
- model the use of various payload options;
- conduct trainings regardless of weather conditions;
- train the implementation of specific tasks before the flight;
- maintain the necessary skills of the operators in the absence of practical UAV flights.
Copyright © 2010-2015 INDEPENDENT DEVELOPMENT LABORATORY Inc. All rights reserved. Pricing, specifications and content all subject to change without prior notice.


manuscripta mathematica
, Volume 115, Issue 4, pp 437–466
The Hasse principle and the Brauer-Manin obstruction for curves
Article
DOI: 10.1007/s00229-_PHONE_-9
Cite this article as:
Flynn, E. manuscripta math. (2004) 115: 437. doi:10.1007/s00229-_PHONE_-9
Abstract.
We discuss a range of ways, extending existing methods, to demonstrate violations of the Hasse principle on curves. Of particular interest are curves which contain a rational divisor class of degree 1, even though they contain no rational point. For such curves we construct new types of examples of violations of the Hasse principle which are due to the Brauer-Manin obstruction, subject to the conjecture that the Tate-Shafarevich group of the Jacobian is finite.
Copyright information
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004
Authors and Affiliations
 1. 1.Department Mathematical SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolEngland


text: Laser propulsion can reduce fuel by 57 t to 105 t over chemical propulsion for a 144 t Lunar base, with no significant increase in trip time. Laser propulsion reduces trip time by a factor of 40 to 120 over nuclear electric propulsion and time in radiation belts by a factor of 100 to 1700. Either solar or nuclear driven laser diode arrays could produce multimegawatt beams, typically 3,700 t for a 235 MW laser system. Laser diode arrays have high payoff due to short wavelength (850 nm) and high diode efficiency (70 percent). A dry laser OTV of 8790 kg and 60 percent efficiency can transport a 144 t lunar base. Laser propulsion could carry both personnel and cargo safely to the lunar base.


text:
The Balance Beam of the Self in Tiana Clark's Equilibrium
In her 2016 debut chapbook: Equilibrium, recent Vanderbilt University M.F.A. graduate, Tiana Clark, stuns readers with a raw body of work that grapples with formation of personal identity within larger historical contexts. Addressing complex themes like faith/religion, beauty, blackness, biracial identity, mental health, familial relations, poverty, and geography, Clark reveals to us the breath of her writing capabilities through experimental form and innovative content. Clark addresses her tendency toward the bold in a review in Rattle, where she says: "I find it infectious, as I start to become more reckless in my work. I write to access that blood-jet pulse—to rake my flaws across the page, sift through my past hoping to find grace, connection, empathy, power, and—most of all—honesty."
The epigraph of the book itself: "There is always a road/… Always a question/Bigger than itself," from United States Poet Laureate, Tracy K. Smith, tells readers that this is a collection invested in exploration and what is left unanswered.
The collection's namesake poem navigates these in-betweens and uncertainties, conveyed through its split-line form. Content reinforces the speaker's fragmentation in the lines: "Took me/thirty years to say/I'm glad/I don't pass for white" and " I thought this/is what my white/boyfriends/wanted as their hands/became/each European request."
The use of white space, dividing the center of the poem into two parts like a border of sorts, reminds readers of the pervasiveness of whiteness and how torn the speaker feels due to her biracial body. The clipped lines that end the poem:
What is left
whispering…………………..in us, once we have
stopped trying……………to become the other?
convey the severed-nature of Clark's identity, especially in the phrase "what is left?" The lineation in this section also create suspense and delay the final message of the poem. Breaking on the words "left" and "whispering," produces a feeling of lingering that leave her thoughts echoing in our heads.
In the later poem "Flambeaux" that mirrors "Equilibrium" in its structure, Clark depicts racial strife in modern day New Orleans through a mix of high and low language. She puts her own body in the larger context of black historical experience early in the poem saying: "My arms like the arms/of black men carrying/heavy torches, and before them, the wet limbs/of shiny slaves lightning white/pleasures of dark men floating in the deep/throat of night." Note the importance of the words Clark breaks on like "arms," "carrying," and "limbs" that generate heaviness, reproducing the physical weight placed on black bodies. She also emphasizes the juxtaposition between light and dark by breaking lines on the words "white" and "night." Later Clark highlights racial tension and hypocrisy more directly, saying that the tourists partying on Bourbon Street: "want to dance/to black music but not with/black people."
Following the opening poem, the book appears to be organized by common theme. It opens with a series of poems pertaining to childhood like "The Frequency of Goodnight," "Hair Relaxer: An Origin Story" and "Magic," and progresses into poems that contemplate religion and its limits, including: "Black Champagne," "Exorcism," and "A Psalm for The One." It segues from there to commenting on Clark's absent father, places of significance to her, and other poets' work reimagined.
The religious poems Clark writes, as a collective, are highly interesting. Many of them mock the very institution of church that they describe. For example, in "Exorcism," Clark teasingly describes devil-banishing rituals performed in church like many would describe sex with phrases like "writhed," "her eyes… slid to the back of her head," "flutter of eyelash," and "excited, because we were inside the same heat." These lines reverse our conceptions of religious ideals of abstinence by sexualizing them.
Clark continues this mocking of religious power in "A Psalm for the One." Throughout the poem, she inserts sarcastic lines to poke fun at the figure of a godly man like: "The last email said I was just/a really good friend… a sister in Christ./Amen." The cheeky tone of these phrases emphasize the irony behind her words. Clark also periodically describes his body and her own as religious objects like "an altar" or "a crucifix," implying that they worship each other's physical forms, rather than God.
Clark does genius work in her poems depicting racial injustice in the modern day by invoking the voices of other poets; in these hybrid-pieces, she creates a dialogue between differing texts that add to the richness of meaning transferred. By rewriting Dickinson's "Because I could not stop for death," Clark describes the death of Sandra Bland, bringing in contentious conversations about police brutality and racial profiling. In another poem: "How to Find the Center of a Circle," Clark works within the mathematical equation of a circle to comment on racial slurs and lynching.
"Waking in the Vanderbilt Psychiatric Hospital" and "Promethea Remixed" are two of the most ambitious and innovative poems of the collection when it comes to exploring biracial identity. In "Waking in the Vanderbilt Psychiatric Hospital," the narrator describes herself as "Lockedin spotted eggshell cage,/like vanilla/black bean speckled creme brulee," revealing how in-between and confined she feels as a biracial women. Themes of splitting and discomfort in one's own body continue in later lines like "double-dutch ropes cut me in half", "the Parthenon lies just in between/my mom and dad's histories" and "Drink me, eat me,/wash me clinical and white." Clark's lines break on words like "half" and "between" further signal division.
"Prometheia Remixed" draws from many authors' writings including Robert Lowell, Shakespeare, Sylvia Plath, Nella Larson, and Lord Byron. The poem centers on Clark herself as the greek mythology figure of Prometheus (a man who was punished by the gods for stealing fire by having his innards eaten every day by vultures). The poem is divided into three sections entitled: Bound, Unbound, and Origin. Origin is perhaps the most revealing regarding Clark's relationship with family and self identity. In it, she admits: "Every day,/I keep writing the same new scar-/begging to close," and "Their [her parent's] differences smashing into each other,/skin engines of self-hatred that made me."
Tiana Clark's work has appeared in respected publications such as The New Yorker, Poetry Magazine, and American Poetry Review. She has also won notable awards including: the Pushcart Prize, the 2017 Furious Flower's Gwendolyn Brooks Centennial Poetry Prize, and 2015 Rattle Poetry Prize. She is currently a fellow at the Wisconsin Institute of Creative Writing and teaches creative writing at Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville. Read more about her and her creative work on her website: _URL_.
Equilibrium is the winner of the 2016 Frost Place Chapbook Competition. A book engaged in reassembly and call and response, it gives readers no clear answer to its inciting question. Yet, the journey of reading and re-reading Clark's words is worth the uncertainty and imperfection. Much like the self, Equilibrium is unfinished: a balancing act that allows for moments of instability. I will undoubtedly be picking up this book again.


text:
Nitrosyl bromide, NOBr, is formed in the reaction of nitric oxide, NO, with bromine, Br2
2NO(g) + Br2(g)⇌ 2NOBr(g)
The reaction rapidly establishes equilibrium when the reactants are mixed. At a certain temperature the initial concentration of NO was 0.400 M and that of Br2 was 0.265 M. At equilibrium the concentration of NOBr was found to be 0.250 M. What is the value of Kc at this temperature. Express your answer numerically.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Our tutors rated the difficulty ofNitrosyl bromide, NOBr, is formed in the reaction of nitric ...as medium difficulty.
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text:
Leaves from trees contain a mixture of coloured pigments which are not soluble in water. A
student was given these two instructions to investigate the pigments in the leaves.
1. Crush some leaves to extract the coloured pigments.
2. Use the liquid extract to find the number of coloured pigments in the leaves.
(a) What would the student need in order to effectively carry out instruction 1?
(b) Describe an experiment to carry out instruction 2.
A space has been left below if you want to draw a diagram to help answer the question.
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.


What are the top 5 wheelchair facts that are important? For individuals who are disabled or physically challenged, an electric wheelchair can prove to be very useful if they wish to regain some of their mobility.
In addition to the top 5 wheelchair facts is our top 10 Karman wheelchairs.
Furthermore, a wheelchair provides the disabled individual with the opportunity to enjoy life with their friends and family doing otherwise impossible activities.
Electric wheelchair users can enjoy going to the parks or partaking in regular chores like grocery shopping. As electric wheelchairs do not require a lot of physical exertion, they are quite easy to use and provide individuals with greater freedom.
Below we have mentioned the five most interesting electric wheelchair facts that you should know about:
1. Alright, let's begin with wheelchair facts by learning about the inventor of the wheelchair, who is known by the name of George Klein. This is one of the top 5 wheelchair facts we will go over.
During World War II, George Klein saw several veterans as well as civilians with severe injuries.
Furthermore, after seeing all the injured people there like that, later on, inspired him to work on creating the world's first-ever wheelchair.
2. Modern electric wheelchairs have several benefits. They can also be adjusted as per the needs of the user. For instance, some of the wheelchairs have tilting seats that can help the user in standing up.
Whereas other electric wheelchair models are designed with the ability to recline.
However, some of them even support the elevation of the seat as well as the legs.
3. Speaking of the wheelchair facts, let's not forget that the record for the longest distance covered by a motorized wheelchair in just 24 hours was achieved by Jackie Weeden.
Moreover, he tracked 13 hours while it took him 50 minutes to cover 154 miles.
Moreover, another world record of the fastest wheelchair marathon racer. It was set by Josh Cassidy. He rode his wheelchair round the Boston Marathon in 1 hour, 18 minutes, and 25 seconds.
4. A 47-year-old disabled UAE citizen, Haidar Taleb, designed a solar-powered wheelchair for a 200-mile trek. Taleb's journey began on November 22, 2010. He traveled across all of the seven emirates. He developed the solar-power wheelchairs in collaboration with a renewable energy company based in Abu Dhabi by the name of Masdar. The wheelchair can function at a maximum speed of about 9 to 12 mph. This is pretty fast. Typically 5 mph is recommended.
It has been designed with enough battery capacity to continue functioning for up to six hours. Even after the sun sets behind the clouds. Most wheelchairs now go 15-20 miles. We are now rounding up to our top 5 wheelchair facts.
Lastly, as our last and final top 5 wheelchair fact
5. Here is number 5.
Another interesting wheelchair fact is related to the international wheelchair sports.
It wasn't until the Rome Olympics in 1960, where the very first sports event for disabled athletes was organized.
Previously, the athletes used old conventional wheelchairs.
Moreoever, the races were only organized to cover a distance of up to 200 meters. It was in the year 1975 in a Boston Marathon were the first-ever wheelchair marathon competitor raced
Top 10 Karman Healthcare Wheelchairs of 2020 - Best Reviews Guide
We hopt that adding our topo 10 Karman wheelchair it is a compliment to our top 5 wheelchair facts.
For individuals that are physically challenged, an electric wheelchair is an amazing tool for strengthening personal mobility.
In addition, it is important to provide appropriate wheelchairs to not only enhance mobility but also to begin the process of setting up a world of education, social, and work life.
Moreover, all thanks to the wheelchairs, disabled individuals can now also, along with other people, enjoy going to the parks and take part in regular activities such as grocery shopping and much more.
Along with providing mobility aid to the user, an appropriate electric wheelchair benefits the physical and mental health.
It also benefits the quality of life of the users by reducing common issues such as blisters, pressure sores, a progression of any deformities.
Furthermore, it will be improving the respiratory and the digestive systems of the user.
In addition, an electric wheelchair provides the disabled with a chance to appreciate mobility. It really helps. The reason is because the energy can be substituted. We all need a little help sometimes. For the weak, this help translates to better health. Even take part in events and exercises with their friends and family.
Furthermore, electric wheelchair users can now do tasks that were once considered to be impossible because of their disability.
Whether it is as simple as going on a long walk or climbing on accessible trails. You want to stay healthy. You want to be outside. These things matter.
The invention of electric wheelchairs has made life significantly easier for disabled individuals, and the above facts prove just that. We also can go into power standing.
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let's save the world together


text:
Data visualization with machine embroidery
Materials for a 90 min. crash course targeting a technical audience.
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Motivation for using embroidery in education
- 3 Prior to the workshop / downloads
- 4 Workflow(s) of computerized embroidery
- 5 Typology of embroidery stitch types
- 6 Embroidery machines and physical constraints (resolution, layers, tissue, size, etc.)
- 7 Hands-on: Using InkStitch (a free extension to the free Inscape program)
- 8 Hands-on: Generating, importing and adopting appropriate SVG graphics
- 9 Links
This page was prepared by Daniel K. Schneider for a 75 min workshop at the Dagstuhl Seminar 18441 on DataPhysicalization October 28 – November 2 2018. This technical workshop introduced participants to principles of computerized embroidery and we discussed its potential for data physicalization. At the end of the workshop, most participants created a (very simple) data visualization that could be stitched with any low or high-end embroidery machine. We also found out that installing InkScape on a Mac is a fairly difficult task. We may reuse this page for other crash courses.
- Participants should install beforehand (1) Inkscape (an open source drawing program) and (2) the the InkStitch Extension. Installation prior workshops is particularly recommended for Mac users, since the installation is a bit more difficult.
- Workflow(s) of computerized embroidery (10 min)
- Typology of embroidery stitch types (5min)
- Physical constraints (resolution, layers, tissue, size, etc.) (5 min)
- Hands-on: Using InkStitch (a free extension to the free Inscape program) (40 min)
- Hands-on: Generating, importing and adopting appropriate SVG graphics (30 min)
2 Motivation for using embroidery in education
Affordances (for me)
- Medium to teach: programming (Brady, 2017), vector drawing, mathematics, art, environmental issues, etc. (STEAM)
- "Doing" stimulates problem solving, planning, cooperation, and develops metacognitive skills (Blikstein, 2013).
- There is a demand for design thinking, design skills (Barlex, 2011).
- Teachers (maybe) can create or adapt constructionist learning objects (Zuckerman, 2006, Schneider et al, 2017).
- It motivates because it leads to a product (Kostakis, 2015)
- It is an expressive medium for conveying ideas (e.g. data physicalisation)
- Machine embroidery is working technology (since the 19th century)
- It does not pollute much
- People like it and seem to like learning it. Data from a science faire outreach event:
- N=78 (M_age=18.10, SD_age=14.18, 47 F).
- On a 7-point scale, mean interest of embroidery activity = 6,91 SD=0.29.
My experience so far
- One class with the topic of "embroidery for change" (list of student-projects)
- Several outreach events (> 500 of participant-drawn badges made). In one, data collected on expected and experienced difficulty, plus interest.
- Online manuals created
- Two extended abstracts on embroidery in education directory with slides/papers
3 Prior to the workshop / downloads
- Participants should install beforehand:
Installation prior to the workshop is particularly recommended for Mac users, since the installation of Inkscape is a bit more difficult, i.e. you may have to install X. Make very sure to read the instructions at the bottom of this download page after you confirmed downloading InkScape. Do not install it, before you installed XQuartz (an X Windows implementation for the Mac).
4 Workflow(s) of computerized embroidery
A typical "workflow" for creating an embroidery includes the following steps.
- Create a drawing (by hand or with a drawing software) or download an image
- Import the drawing into an embroidery software
- Convert to editable vector drawing format, if the drawing is in raster format
- Adapt the drawing to the constraints of the embroidery (eliminate the fine details, reduce the colors)
- Transform the drawing into "embroidery objects". An embroidery object defines an area for which embroidery stitches will be generated, according to various parameters
- Adjust / re-adjust these embroidery objects (embroidery types, stitch density, patterns, embroidery order, etc.)
- Convert to executable format for a machine brand (.pes,.art,.jef,.dst etc.)
- Stabilize and hoop the fabric.
- Stitch the design (load it into a machine)
5 Typology of embroidery stitch types
We could distinguish five main stitch types:
- Manual stitches, mostly used to fix some automatically generated stitches
- Running stitches, mostly used for stitching lines or outlines
- Satin stitches are used to stitch wider lines and so-called columns (narrow areas). Typically, a dense zigzag stitch is used.
- Fill stitches, based on a regular pattern are used to fill in larger areas, i.e. polygons that may have holes
- Programmable or specialty stitches can define any sort of imaginable filling strategy, e.g. cross-stitches, radial stitches, little stars...
In addition there some auxiliary stitches:
- Jump stitches (i.e. no stitches), to get from one point to another. Those can be manually cut away once the machine has embroidered the pattern.
- Lock stitches should be used at the end of all elements (in particular columns and fills)
6 Embroidery machines and physical constraints (resolution, layers, tissue, size, etc.)
- A tissue is fixed within a frame that moves in X/Y direction while a needle goes up and down (same needle mechanism as a sewing machine)
- Size of embroidery is limited to size of embroidery frames, e.g. 14.0 x 20.0 cm on a smaller machine. Semi-professional machines can do more, e.g. 36.0 x 20.0cm, but large embroidery is very time-consuming and tricky.
- Smallest resolution is about 1/4 mm, i.e. a typical sating stitch or fill pattern uses 4-5 threads / mm.
- Tiny letters are ugly
- Most fabrics need to be stabilized during embroidery
- T-shirts and other elastic tissues are difficult (need a permanent stabilizer)
- You should not stitch more than three layers. Even two layers is too much most of the times.
- You cannot fill large surfaces. Use some programmable stitch for that.
7 Hands-on: Using InkStitch (a free extension to the free Inscape program)
7.1 Basic use
(1) Draw an object, e.g. a circle
(2) Keep either stroke or path (not both).
Menu Object -> Fill and Stroke. Look at the tabs (fill, stroke paint, stroke type)!
- If you need both fill and stroke, duplicate the object and keep the fill of one and the stroke of the other
(3) Transform the object to an SVG path object (InkStitch only can deal with
Menu Path -> Object to Path
(4) Adapt / parametrize the object (see below for details)
Extensions -> Ink/Stitch -> English -> Params
(5) Simulate, print or create a stitch file
- Simulation: Menu
Extensions -> Ink/Stitch -> English -> Simulate
- PDF file with visualisation: Menu
Extensions -> Ink/Stitch -> English -> Print
- Create a stitch file: Menu
Extensions -> Ink/Stitch -> English -> Embroidery. Alternatively, you also can use
menu file -> Save a copy
- Tip: after using the embroidery command, you will have to unhide drawing layers. In the same way, do not create an InkStitch file from the Stitch Plan
7.2 Create running stitches
- Use or draw a line
- Make it dotted (
Object->Fill and stroke; Stroke style tab -> Dashes)
- Select this object and parametrize (e.g. multiply the stitches)
7.3 Create fills
- Use any fill area (again: we suggest removing the stroke). Make sure to translate to path.
- Select this object and parametrize:
Extensions -> Ink/Stitch -> English -> Params.
- Set angle (direction of stitched lines)¨
- Define an underlay (tick the box in the tab)
7.4 Satin stitch principles
Satin stitches are the "essence " of embroidery. Unfortunately a little bit more difficult to do.
- Default zigzag stitch for fat strokes is ugly. Avoid using it.
A satin column is defined by:
- A single SVG path, also called rail
- Containing two sub-path lines that go in the same direction
- The two sub-paths must have either an identical number of nodes or rungs
Getting such a path can be a bit difficult, in particular if you start from a polygon contour. In these cases, convert the stroke to path, remove the fill, adjust stroke size, cut the lines, and reverse the direction of one of the rails. So let's do something simpler, i.e. create a satin stitch from a line.
7.5 Create a satin stitch from a line
- Draw a line that has a good width for satin stitches, e.g. between 2 and 6mm. Also, the line cannot have overlaps. E.g.
Draw freehand line(F6) Icon in the toolbar to the left
- Smooth it: CTRL-L
- Adapt thickness (Fill and Stroke, Stroke style tab)
- Select this object (verify


How to make a voice over video in VSDC
In the era of YouTube, when online blogging and production of video tutorials on just about anything has become commonplace, it's vital for aspiring clip makers to master the skill of voice over video. Even if you are not planning to become a YouTuber, you become well aware of those cases when you see that your vacation footage was ruined by chattering crowds, wind gusts, etc. One way to resolve the problem is to replace the defective sound with a nice tune. But what if you want to bring a more personal touch and record your own voice while impressions are still fresh and lively?
Download VSDC Free Video editor that allows you to do so in two ways: an easy one and a free one. Below, we'll review both, guide you through the main steps, and explain the difference between the two.
How to do voice over video in VSDC: the easy way
VSDC has an intuitive built-in voiceover tool that allows you to quickly add audio comments to your videos without having to deal with complex settings of any kind. See it for yourself in the video guide below.
Here is what you have to do in a nutshell:
 1. Import your video to the timeline using the "Add Object" dropdown menu.
 2. Click the wrench icon to select the voiceover tool.
 3. Play-pause the video to choose the part that needs audio comments. Use the "Start Recording" button whenever a voice comment needs to be added. Use the "Stop Recording" button to end the recording. Record as many items as necessary. Note: the recording will only start when you hit the play button. When the video is paused – your voice won't be recorded.
 How to create a voiceover video in VSDC - fast and eaasy
 4. When you are done with your comments, close the voiceover tool window. A pop-up window will appear asking for confirmation to add recorded files to the timeline. Click "Yes".
 5. Your audio comments will automatically be added to the timeline exactly where you wanted them to be. No manual action needed.
 6. If you want to mute original video soundtrack, right-click your video on a timeline and go to "Audio Effects --> Amplitude --> Silence".
 7. Double-check the result by clicking the red play button right under the preview window. If everything is fine, complete the process by clicking the red "Export project" button on the same title tab.
Please note, that the voiceover tool is only available with the PRO version of VSDC editor which is offered for $19.99 per year. If you are looking for a free way to record your voice over a video, follow the instructions below.
How to create a voiceover video in VSDC: the free way
VSDC wouldn't be called a free editor unless it offered a free way to record voice over video. Here is a detailed instruction:
 1. Open VSDC Free Video Editor and click "Import Content" to import the video that you intend to give voice to.
 2. Proceed to the "Tools" tab at the top menu and select the "Voice Recorder" tool. A new window will open.
 Adding voice over video for free in VSDC Video Editor
 3. Choose the desired format of your voice recording in the "Formats" tab.
 4. Proceed to the lower sections of the menu to select the output file destination, its quality, and the device you will use for recording.
 5. Place a checkmark in the "split file" section, if you are working with a really long video. This way your output audio will be split into several recordings. It will come in handy during the matching of your recording with the video. Mistiming can't be fixed with a single audio file in place, so having multiple files will help you perfectly adjust your sound and video tracks.
 6. Select the duration of your audio chunks in the drop-down menu on the right depending on the length of your video.
 7. Press the "Start Recording" button at the top right corner of the screen. Launching your video in a separate window might be a good idea too. You want to know what you are commenting, right? Press "Stop Recording" when you are ready and close the "Voice Recorder" window.
 8. Go back to VSDC video editing window with your imported video. Right-click your video on a timeline and go to "Audio Effects --> Amplitude --> Silence". This will silence the original soundtrack of your video.
 How to silence the original audio track in VSDC
 9. Go to the "Editor" tab, select "Add Object" and choose "Audio" from the drop-down list. Now proceed to the location on your computer where you saved you recordings, import them to the timeline and use drag-and-drop motion to place them in line with the video segments they are intended for.
As you have probably noticed, both methods lead to the same result: your recorded audio files placed beside your video on a timeline in the correct sequence. The only difference is, with a free method, you have to manually record, import and position them. With an easy method, manual work is taken out of the equation, making voice over videos much faster. Which one is better? You tell us :-)


text:
"The short-pant is a terrible fashion choice. Unless it is from Bermuda."
When the British officers arrive in 1816 to the Bermuda Islands on the Atlantic Ocean, because this was a strategic spot for the Navy Inteligence, they soon realized that their permanence in there would be less than pleasant thanks to a factor which English people are not used to: unbearable heat.
For the British Empire outside Great Brittain, it was necessary to adapt to the conditions and weather of their colony. While in India, they leaned towards the light Madras, in Burma they prefered linen. But in the North Atlantic, on the Bermuda island, the story was different. The Royal Navy found that the Island had no natural resources for clothing, and all textiles were made out of cotton.
To the change of fabrics, it was added another one that would set the difference on the male fashion history. Officers cut their pants on bottom half, expecting that this would relief the effect of high temperatures on their european bodies. Quickly, this trend extended to local civilians, even local tailors started to sell suits with short-pants instead of long ones.
By time, tourists and visitors of the Bermuda Islands adopted the local style. Today we can find that this is a very popular piece of clothign between the male population, and also females, because of its practical style and versatility, besides being very popular in the hottest seasons.
By FM Team


text:
Midlothian Childcare and Early Years Partnership provided training to a multi-agency group of practitioners working with children in the 0-3 age group as part of the implementation of the 0-3 strategy in Midlothian.
The aim of the training was to promote practitioners' knowledge, skills and confidence in their work.
The overall aim was to build the capacity of practitioners working in 0-3 group care settings in Midlothian to improve the quality of service for children and parents by examining four key areas of theory and research, acknowledging that these are interlinked. The four key areas were:
- Attachment and infant mental health
- Brain development
- Adult role
- Developmentally appropriate experiences and environment.
Within each key area the aims were to:
- examine theory and research and look at how the messages from these can be embedded in practice
- develop practitioners' skills in reflective practice to enable them to take their practice forward both during and beyond the training process.
When planning your initiative you should consider the following questions:
- What is your ultimate vision?
- If training is involved, who is your training for?
- What are the principles that will inform the initiative?
- What will the impact of the initiative be in the short term? And in the long term (for example in five years time)?


so the Command property can be set to Help in both places rather than the more verbose {x:Static ApplicationCommands.Help}. (Custom commands don't get the same special treatment.) In the code-behind file, HelpCanExecute keeps the command enabled at all times, and HelpExecuted launches a web browser with an appropriate help URL.
Executing Commands with Input Gestures
Using the Help command in such a simple dialog may seem like overkill when a simple event handler for Click would do, but the command has provided an extra benefit (other than localized text): automatic binding to a keyboard shortcut.
Applications typically invoke their version of help when the user presses the F1 key. Sure enough, if you press F1 while displaying the dialog defined in Listing 3.10, the Help command is automatically launched, as if you clicked the Help Button! That's because commands such as Help define a default input gesture that executes the command. You can bind your own input gestures to a command by adding KeyBinding and/or MouseBinding objects to the relevant element's InputBindings collection. For example, to assign F2 as a keyboard shortcut that executes Help, you could add the following statement to AboutDialog's constructor:
this.InputBindings.Add(
 new KeyBinding(ApplicationCommands.Help, new KeyGesture(Key.F2)));
This would make both F1 and F2 execute Help, however. You could additionally suppress the default F1 behavior by binding F1 to a special NotACommand command as follows:
this.InputBindings.Add(
 new KeyBinding(ApplicationCommands.NotACommand, new KeyGesture(Key.F1)));
Both of these statements could alternatively be represented in XAML as follows:
<Window.InputBindings>
 <KeyBinding Command="Help" Key="F2"/>
 <KeyBinding Command="NotACommand" Key="F1"/>
</Window.InputBindings>
Controls with Built-In Command Bindings
It can seem almost magical when you encounter it, but some controls in WPF contain their own command bindings. The simplest example of this is the TextBox control, which has its own built-in bindings for the Cut, Copy, and Paste commands that interact with the clipboard, as well as Undo and Redo commands. This not only means that TextBox responds to the standard Ctrl+X, Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V, Ctrl+Z, and Ctrl+Y keyboard shortcuts, but that it's easy for additional elements to participate in these actions.
The following standalone XAML demonstrates the power of these built-in command bindings:
<StackPanel xmlns="_URL_
 xmlns:x="_URL_
 Orientation="Horizontal" Height="25">
 <Button Command="Cut" CommandTarget="{Binding ElementName=textBox}"
 Content="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}, Path=Command.Text}"/>
 <Button Command="Copy" CommandTarget="{Binding ElementName=textBox}"
 Content="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}, Path=Command.Text}"/>
 <Button Command="Paste" CommandTarget="{Binding ElementName=textBox}"
 Content="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}, Path=Command.Text}"/>
 <Button Command="Undo" CommandTarget="{Binding ElementName=textBox}"
 Content="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}, Path=Command.Text}"/>
 <Button Command="Redo" CommandTarget="{Binding ElementName=textBox}"
 Content="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}, Path=Command.Text}"/>
 <TextBox x:Name="textBox" Width="200"/>
</StackPanel>
You can paste this content into XamlPad or save it as a .xaml file to view in Internet Explorer, because no procedural code is necessary. Each of the five Buttons is associated with one of the commands and sets its Content to the string returned by each command's Text property. The only new thing here is the setting of each Button's CommandTarget property to the instance of the TextBox (again using data binding functionality discussed in Chapter 9). This causes the command to be executed from the TextBox rather than the Button, which is necessary in order for it to react to the commands.
This XAML produces the result in Figure 3.8. The first two Buttons are automatically disabled when no text in the TextBox is selected, and automatically enabled when there is a selection. Similarly, the Paste Button is automatically enabled whenever there is text content on the clipboard, or disabled otherwise.
Figure 3.8
The five Buttons work as expected without any procedural code, thanks to TextBox's built-in bindings.
Button and TextBox have no direct knowledge of each other, yet though commands they can achieve rich interaction. This is why WPF's long list of built-in commands is so important. The more that third-party controls standardize on WPF's built-in commands, the more seamless (and declarative) interaction can be achieved among controls that have no direct knowledge of each other.
A Tour of the Class Hierarchy
WPF's classes have a very deep inheritance hierarchy, so it can be hard to get your head wrapped around the significance of various classes and their relationships. The inside cover of this book contains a map of these classes to help you put them in perspective as you encounter new ones. It is incomplete due to space constraints, but the major classes are covered.
A handful of classes are fundamental to the inner-workings of WPF, and deserve a quick explanation before we get any further in the book. Some of these have been mentioned in passing already. Figure 3.9 shows these important classes and their relationships without all the extra clutter from the inside cover.
Figure 3.9
The core classes in the WPF Presentation Framework.
These ten classes have the following significance:
 - Object—The base class for all .NET classes.
 - DispatcherObject—The base class for any object that wishes to be accessed only on the thread that created it. Most WPF classes derive from DispatcherObject, and are therefore inherently thread-unsafe. The Dispatcher part of the name refers to WPF's version of a Win32-like message loop, discussed further in Chapter 7, "Structuring and Deploying an Application."
 - DependencyObject—The base class for any object that can support dependency properties. DependencyObject defines the GetValue and SetValue methods that are central to the operation of dependency properties.
 - Freezable—The base class for objects that can be "frozen" into a read-only state for performance reasons. Freezables, once frozen, can even be safely shared among multiple threads, unlike all other DispatcherObjects. Frozen objects can never be unfrozen, but you can clone them to create unfrozen copies.
 - Visual—The base class for all objects that have their own visual representation. Visuals are discussed in depth in Chapter 11.
 - UIElement—The base class for all visual objects with support for routed events, command binding, layout, and focus.
 - ContentElement—A base class similar to UIElement, but for pieces of content that don't have rendering behavior on their own. Instead, ContentElements are hosted in a Visual-derived class to be rendered on the screen.
 - FrameworkElement—The base class that adds support for styles, data binding, resources, and a few common mechanisms for Windows-based controls such as tooltips and context menus.
 - FrameworkContentElement—The analog to FrameworkElement for content. Chapter 14 examines the FrameworkContentElements in WPF.
 - Control—The base class for familiar controls such as Button, ListBox, and StatusBar. Control adds many properties to its FrameworkElement base class, such as Foreground, Background, and FontSize. Controls also support templates that enable you to completely replace their visual tree, discussed in Chapter 10. The next chapter examines WPF's Controls in depth.
Throughout the book, the simple term "element" is used to refer to an object that derives from UIElement or FrameworkElement, and sometimes ContentElement or FrameworkContentElement. The distinction between UIElement versus FrameworkElement or ContentElement versus FrameworkContentElement is not important because WPF doesn't ship any other public subclasses of UIElement and ContentElement.
Conclusion
In this chapter and the preceding two chapters, you've learned about all the major ways that WPF builds on top of the foundation of the .NET Framework. The WPF team could have exposed its features via typical .NET APIs similar to Windows Forms and still have an interesting technology. Instead, the team added several fundamental concepts that enable a wide range of features to be exposed in a way that can provide great productivity for developers and designers.
Indeed, when you focus on these core concepts (as this chapter has done), you can see that the landscape isn't quite as simple as it


text:
- Arab Weather: There will be a slight rise in temperature on Monday
The Arab Regional Meteorological Center said there would be a slight rise in temperatures on Monday, which would be around rates for this time of year.
He said Jordan will be affected by hot air currents on Tuesday, increasing temperatures and generally sunny spring weather.
The Arabian Meteorological Department said temperatures on Monday would be slightly lower than normal for this time of the year around their averages.
The weather at higher mountain elevations in other areas, including the Jordan Valley, the Dead Sea, and the city of Aqaba, is relatively cool and pleasant, with low cloud cover, especially in the morning hours, possibly as a result. According to the Arab Weather Report, there will be light and scattered local rains in the limited parts of the north of the Kingdom, and the wind will be moderate from the northwest, and the afternoon and afternoon hours will be active at times, especially in the eastern parts of the Kingdom, according to the Arab Weather Report.
During Monday/Tuesday nights, the weather will be relatively cool and cold in various parts of the Kingdom, with low temperatures touching 10 degrees Celsius in most areas, including the capital Amman, and moderate northwesterly winds. Speed, sometimes active at night.
Mild spring weather on Tuesday
On Tuesday, Jordan suffered from air currents with slightly warmer temperatures than its usual rates, as temperatures in all regions rose slightly above the average for this year, and the spring weather was generally mild with a stable face. With the brightness of the sun. It will increase the feeling of heat, especially in the low areas, and the wind will be from west to southwest direction, at moderate speed, according to Arab Weather, active in the afternoon and afternoon.
"Award-winning beer geek. Extreme coffeeaholic. Introvert. Avid travel specialist. Hipster-friendly communicator."
The disappearance of the "Shadow of the Kaaba"… a unique astronomical phenomenon in the Makkah sky
Telegraph: Britain should learn from Dubai to improve its health system
Nador: Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry: Materials and Environment organizes the third edition of the International Science Forum: "Properties and Applications of Materials"


text:
An update on a one-of-a-kind sample collection mission
Central to BIOcean5D is a one-of-a-kind set of samples collected from across the European coastline and land-sea interface, to understand how marine life changes with space, time and human impact.
These samples are collected by scientists from the TREC expedition (Traversing European Coastlines), a cooperation between EMBL, the Tara Ocean Foundation and over 70 partners. Samples are collected from inland and coastal soils, sediments and shallow waters, by EMBL mobile labs, and coastal and off-shore waters, by the Tara schooner, enabling the study of the land-to-sea gradient across Europe.
Across 2023 and 2024, TREC will visit more than 120 sampling stations across Europe's coastline, gathering biological samples and environmental data.
In July, the collaboration marked an impressive milestone: more than 15,000 samples collected from across 12 countries.
At each site, the team on Tara performs 50 different protocols to collect coastal waters and aerosols, while the team working onshore in EMBL's mobile labs collects samples of shallow water, sediments and soils. Around 400 samples are collected at each site and later analysed for biological, biophysical and biochemical properties, including an assessment of the regional biodiversity, from viruses to animals.
"It's been a fun and complex challenge adjusting to the land-sea sample collection interface," says Colomban de Vargas, BIOcean5D project deputy director and scientific project coordinator, and Research Director at CNRS / Sorbonne Université. "Thanks to everyone involved, on land and at sea, we've been able to realise this remarkable sample dataset in synchrony."
The TREC expedition around the coasts of 15 countries began in 2023, with EMBL's mobile labs leaving Heidelberg, Germany, in March and Tara leaving Lorient, France in April.
Keep an eye on its progress, including opportunities for engagement, in this interactive map.