. The following has been tested and is known to work:
qmgr -c "set server operators += root@*"
This functionality is not strictly required, but it makes determining the reason nodes are marked down significantly easier!
Another possible caveat to this functionality is that it only works if the canonical hostname (as returned by the hostname command or the file /proc/sys/kernel/hostname) of each node matches its identity within TORQUE. If your site uses FQDNs on compute nodes but has them listed in TORQUE using the short versions, you will need to add something like this to the top of your NHC configuration file:
* || HOSTNAME="$HOSTNAME_S"
This will cause the offline/online helpers to use the shorter hostname when invoking pbsnodes. This will NOT, however, change how the hostnames are matched in the NHC configuration, so you'll still need to use FQDN matching there.
It's also important to note here that NHC will only set a note on nodes that don't already have one (and aren't yet offline) or have one set by NHC itself; also, it will only online nodes and clear notes if it sees a note that was set by NHC. It looks for the string "NHC:" in the note to distinguish between notes set by NHC and notes set by operators. If you use this feature, and you need to mark nodes offline manually (e.g., for testing), setting a note when doing so is strongly encouraged. (You can do this via the -N option, like this: pbsnodes -o -N 'Testing stuff' n0000 n0001 n0002) There was a bug in versions prior to 1.2.1 which would cause it to treat nodes with no notes the same way it treats nodes with NHC-assigned notes. This should be fixed in 1.2.1 and higher, but you never know....
Grid Engine Integration
Sun Grid Engine (SGE) has had a somewhat "colorful" history over the years. It has evolved and changed hands numerous times, and there are currently multiple incarnations of it which are developed under both commercial and open source models. Unfortunately, I don't have a whole lot of experience with any of them -- it was on its way out when I first joined the team at LBNL and was eliminated completely shortly thereafter. So I'm afraid I don't have the expertise to get NHC working with any of the Grid Engine variants.
The good news, though, is that Dave Love -- developer of the Son of Grid Engine open source project -- does! He has made multiple contributions over the years to help get NHC integrating effectively with SGE and all the assorted Grid Engine variants. Additionally, he put together a great recipe to help SGE users (and other users of GE incarnations), so rather than try to reproduce it here and keep it updated, I recommend you peruse his work in its entirety if you're a user of one of those products! 🤵
Periodic Execution
The original method for doing this was to employ a simple crontab entry, like this one:
MAILTO=_EMAIL_
*/5 * * * * /usr/sbin/nhc
Annoyingly, this would result in an e-mail being sent every 5 minutes if one of the health checks fails. It was for this very reason that the contributed nhc.cron script was originally written. However, even though it avoids the former technique's flood of e-mail when a problem arose, it still had no clean way of dealing with multiple contexts and could not be set up to do periodic reminders of issues. Additionally, it would fail to notify if a new problem was detected before or at the same time the old problem was resolved.
Version 1.4.1 introduces a vastly superior option: nhc-wrapper. This tool will execute nhc1 and record the results. It then compares the results to the output of the previous run, if present, and will ignore results that are identical to those previously obtained. Old results can be set to expire after a given length of time (and thus re-reported). Results may be echoed to stdout or sent via e-mail. Once an unrecognized command line option or non-option argument is encountered, it and the rest of the command line arguments are passed to the wrapped program intact.
This tool will typically be run via cron(8). It can be used to wrap distinct contexts of NHC in a manner identical to NHC itself (i.e., specified via executable name or command line arg); also, unlike the old nhc.cron script, this one does a comparison of the results rather than only distinguishing between the presence/absence of output, and those results can have a finite lifespan.
nhc-wrapper also offers another option for periodic execution: looping (-L). When launched from a terminal or inittab/init.d entry in looping mode, nhc-wrapper will execute a loop which runs the wrapped program (e.g., nhc) at a time interval you supply. It attempts to be smart about interpreting your intent as well, calculating sleep times after subprogram execution (i.e., the interval is from start time to start time, not end time to start time) and using nice, round execution times when applicable (i.e., based on 00:00 local time instead of whatever random time the wrapper loop happened to be entered). For example, if you ask it to run every 5 minutes, it'll run at :00, :05, :10, :15, etc. If you ask for every 4 hours, it'll run at 00:00, 04:00, 08:00, 12:00, 16:00, and 20:00 exactly--regardless of what time it was when you originally launched nhc-wrapper!
This allows the user to run nhc-wrapper in a terminal to keep tabs on it while still running checks at predictable times (just like crond would). It also has some flags to provide timestamps (-L t) and/or ASCII horizontal rulers (-L r) between executions; clearing the screen (-L c) before each execution (watch-style) is also available.
Examples:
To run nhc and notify root when errors appear, are cleared, or every 12 hours while they persist:
# /usr/sbin/nhc-wrapper -M root -X 12h
Same as above, but run the "nhc-cron" context instead (nhc -n nhc-cron):
# /usr/sbin/nhc-wrapper -M root -X 12h -n nhc-cron
 OR
# /usr/sbin/nhc-wrapper -M root -X 12h -A '-n nhc-cron'
Same as above, but run nhc-cron (symlink to nhc) instead:
# /usr/sbin/nhc-wrapper -M root -X 12h -P nhc-cron
 OR
# ln -s nhc-wrapper /usr/sbin/nhc-cron-wrapper
# /usr/sbin/nhc-cron-wrapper -M root -X 12h
Expire results after 1 week, 1 day, 1 hour, 1 minute, and 1 second:
# /usr/sbin/nhc-wrapper -M root -X 1w1d1h1m1s
Run verbosely, looping every minute with ruler and timestamp:
# /usr/sbin/nhc-wrapper -L tr1m -V
Or for something quieter and more cron-like:
# /usr/sbin/nhc-wrapper -L 1h -M root -X 12h
Configuration
Now that you have a basic working configuration, we'll go more in-depth into how NHC is configured, including command-line invocation, configuration file syntax, modes of operation, how individual checks are matched against a node's hostname, and what checks are already available in the NHC distribution for your immediate use.
Configuration of NHC is generally done in one of 3 ways: passing option flags and/or configuration (i.e., environment) variables on the command line, setting variables and specifying checks in the configuration file (/etc/nhc/nhc.conf by default), and/or setting variables in the sysconfig initialization file (/etc/sysconfig/nhc by default). The latter works essentially the same as any other sysconfig file (it is directly sourced into NHC's bash session using the . operator), so this document does not go into great detail about using it. The following sections discuss the other two mechanisms.
Command-Line Invocation
From version 1.3 onward, NHC supports a subset of command-line options and arguments in addition to the configuration and sysconfig files. A few specific settings have CLI options associated with them as shown in the table below; additionally, any configuration variable which is valid in the configuration or sysconfig file may also be passed


text:
Definition of trigeminal nerve in English:
Each of the fifth and largest pair of cranial nerves, supplying the front part of the head and dividing into the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular nerves.
- The most frequently involved cranial nerve dermatome is the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve.
- The circuit for this reflex comprises the trigeminal nerve, pons crossover, and motor innervation via the facial nerve.
- There is contiguous spread to the ipsilateral ACA and MCA via a perivascular plexus supplied by the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve.
Definition of trigeminal nerve in:
- US English dictionary
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
Comments that don't adhere to our Community Guidelines may be moderated or removed.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
At standard gravity its length is 0.994 m (39.1 in). This length was determined (in toises) by Marin Mersenne in 1644. In 1660, the Royal Society proposed that it be the standard unit of length. In 1675 Tito Livio Burattini proposed that it be named the meter. In 1790, one year before the metre was ultimately based on a quadrant of the Earth, Talleyrand proposed that the metre be the length of the seconds pendulum at a latitude of 45°. This option, with one-fifth of this length defining the foot, was also considered by Thomas Jefferson and others for redefining the yard in the United States shortly after gaining independence from the British Crown.
- Seconds pendulum
- Cochrane, Rexmond (1966). "Appendix B: The metric system in the United States". Measures for progress: a history of the National Bureau of Standards. U.S. Department of Commerce. p. 532.
- Long Case Clock: Pendulum
|This standardsor measurement-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


s needed.
 - In order to make R.hom(S) work with Sage's default infrastructure, it is needed to implement a method natural_map() for the homset R.Hom(S). And this homset should be returned by a method R._Hom_(S). Caching is actually not needed, because this is done in sage.categories.homset.Hom. Hence, TODO: Remove the UniqueFactory!!
 - There is a default sage.structure.parent.Parent.hom, and there is no need to overload it. In particular, the hom() method provided by the old patch expected its arguments in the wrong order. The default is: First the data defining the morphism, second the codomain.
 - an_element() should be implemented by providing _an_element_().
 - There is a default __contains__ method for parents, and there is usually no need to overload it (instead, one should implement coercions). Hence, I removed some of them. There is still __contains__ for FreeSmallCategory, because it needs to extend what DiGraph.__contains__ is doing. TODO: Check whether homspaces could do without the custom __contains__!
 - Speaking of default infrastructure: Elements should be created by either doing arithmetic on the generators of a parent, or by calling the parent with appropriate data, but not by passing these data to the underlying class of the elements (which does not coincide with the element class in many cases). TODO: Try to make TestSuite() work.
 - Speedup: I have already mentioned above that list(self._vector[startdim:startdim + rows*cols]) is a lot slower than self._vector.list()[startdim:startdim + rows*cols].
 - There is a default zero method, that caches the zero of a parent. So, there should be no need to overload it. However, some methods start with self.zero() and then change it in-place. That's of course not allowed with a cached element, and hence I had to replace self.zero() with a non-cached self().
I think, in spite of the above TODOs, I put it as "needs review" for now, and wait for your comments. For the record, I give positive review to those parts of the code that I did not change (hence, to most of the code inside of methods, as I was mainly changing the structure of the code base and the semantics of few methods that are important for Sage's infrastructure).
Apply:
trac_12630_quivers_v2.patch trac12630_refactor_code.patch trac12630-quiver_representation.patch
Last edited 5 years ago by SimonKing (previous) (diff)
comment:96 Changed 5 years ago by SimonKing
 - Status changed from needs_review to needs_work
 - Work issues set to Coverage, doctest continuation
The patchbot was quite fast! Some plugins failed:
startup-modules
+New:
+ sage.quivers
+ sage.quivers.all
+ sage.quivers.quiver
+ sage.quivers.sage
What is sage.quivers.sage??? It is not possible to import sage from sage.quivers. So, I guess this is a problem of the plugin. The other import should be fine. Note that no other modules from sage.quivers are imported during start-up, which is one of the aims of my last patch.
coverage
+Full doctests quivers/algebra.py 12 / 12 = 100%
+Missing doctests quivers/free_small_category.py 6 / 14 = 42%
+Full doctests quivers/homspace.py 18 / 18 = 100%
+Full doctests quivers/morphism.py 34 / 34 = 100%
+Full doctests quivers/paths.py 13 / 13 = 100%
+Missing doctests quivers/quiver.py 24 / 25 = 96%
+Full doctests quivers/representation.py 58 / 58 = 100%
I will try to add the missing tests in the third patch
doctest_continuation
+ trac12630_refactor_code.patch:657 + ... counter += 1$
+ trac12630_refactor_code.patch:658 + ... print p$
+ trac12630_refactor_code.patch:659 + ... if counter==20:$
+ trac12630_refactor_code.patch:660 + ... break$
This is in the second patch. I'll try to fix this as well.
Changed 5 years ago by SimonKing
Combined refactoring patch
comment:97 Changed 5 years ago by SimonKing
 - Status changed from needs_work to needs_review
Now the second and third patch are updated. So, it can be reviewed now, even though I'd still like to take care of the above TODOs.
Apply:
trac_12630_quivers_v2.patch trac12630_refactor_code.patch trac12630-quiver_representation.patch
comment:98 Changed 5 years ago by SimonKing
I am sure that the doctest error found by the patchbot is unrelated with this ticket.
comment:99 Changed 5 years ago by SimonKing
 - Work issues changed from Coverage, doctest continuation to Remove UniqueFactory of Homspace, Homspace.__contains__, make TestSuite work
comment:100 follow-up: Changed 5 years ago by SimonKing
 - Status changed from needs_review to needs_work
 - Work issues changed from Remove UniqueFactory of Homspace, Homspace.__contains__, make TestSuite work to Make HomSpace inherit from Homset; remove UniqueFactory of Homspace, Homspace.__contains__, make TestSuite work
There is now a different error reported by the patchbot (with identical patches), but both errors seem totally unrelated.
However, there is a more serious problem: There are cases when a morphism is not calling sage.categories.morphism.Morphism.__init__. And part of the problem: QuiverHomspace does not inherit from Homset!!
comment:101 in reply to: ↑ 100 Changed 5 years ago by SimonKing
Replying to SimonKing:
And part of the problem: QuiverHomspace does not inherit from Homset!!
But making it inherit means that one needs to overload __call__. Alas.
comment:102 follow-up: Changed 5 years ago by SimonKing
It might be reasonable for now to overload __call__, by first trying what is now done in the _element_constructor_, but using an element_class. And only if this fails, Homset.__call__ should be called.
On the long run, I believe Homset.__call__ should instead obey the rules of Parent.__call__. Hence, it should be possible to implement creation of morphisms simply by providing an attribute Element to the homset. But this would be for a different ticket.
comment:103 in reply to: ↑ 102 Changed 5 years ago by SimonKing
Replying to SimonKing:
It might be reasonable for now to overload __call__, by first trying what is now done in the _element_constructor_, but using an element_class. And only if this fails, Homset.__call__ should be called.
The update of the third patch implements this short term solution.
Still TODO:
 - I found that still some tests start with importing Quiver. This is not needed. Quiver, in contrast to everything else of the new stuff, is in the global namespace.
 - Get rid of the unique factory
 - Now, as element_class is available for the Homspaces, use it! Hence, do not create QuiverRepHom, but always create homomorphisms by means of the element_class.
comment:104 Changed 5 years ago by SimonKing
 - Status changed from needs_work to needs_review
 - Work issues changed from Make HomSpace inherit from Homset; remove UniqueFactory of Homspace, Homspace.__contains__, make TestSuite work to Add a TestSuite test
Mainly done. The only missing bit is a TestSuite test.
Apply:
trac_12630_quivers_v2.patch trac12630_refactor_code.patch trac12630-quiver_representation.patch
comment:105 Changed 5 years ago by SimonKing
 - Status changed from needs_review to needs_work
Aha, it would really good idea to make the test suites work. For example, quiver representations can't be pickled...
sage: Q = Quiver({1:{2:['a', 'b']}})
sage: S = Q.S(QQ, 2)
sage: loads(dumps(S))
-------------


text:
Novel microRNA families expanded in the human genome
BACKGROUND:Most studies on the origin and evolution of microRNA in the human genome have been focused on its relationship with repetitive elements and segmental duplications. However, duplication events at a smaller scale (<1 kb) could also contribute to microRNA expansion, as demonstrated in this study.RESULTS:Using comparative genome analysis and bioinformatics methods, we found nine novel expanded microRNA families enriched in short duplicated sequences in the human genome. Furthermore, novel genomic regions were found to contain microRNA paralogs for microRNA families previously analyzed to be related to segmental duplications. We found that for microRNA families expanded in the human genome, 14 families are specific to the primate lineage, and nine are non-specific, respectively. Two microRNA families (hsa-mir-1233 and hsa-mir-622) appear to be further expanded in the human genome, and were confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. These novel microRNA families expanded in the human genome were mostly embedded in or close to proteins with conserved functions. Furthermore, besides the Alu element, L1 elements could also contribute to the origination of microRNA paralog families.CONCLUSIONS:Together, we found that small duplication events could also contribute to microRNA expansion, which could provide us novel insights on the evolution of human genome structure and function.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Honor,Courage & Commitment
Worn with pride and respectHONOR guides Marines to exemplify the ultimate in ethical and moral behavior as detailed in the following list:Obey the lawLead by exampleRespect yourself and othersMaintain a high standard of integritySupport and defend the constitutionUphold special trust and confidencePlace faith and honor above all elseHonor fellow Marines, the Corps, Country, and Family.The qualities of maturity, dedication, trust and dependability commit Marines to act responsibly; to be accountable for their actions; and to fulfill their obligations.COURAGE is the mental, moral and physical strength ingrained in Marines. Courage is the ability to do the right thing, in the right way, for the right reasons. It carries Marines through the challenges of combat and aids them in overcoming fear. It is the inner strength that enables a Marine to do what is right; to adhere to a higher standard of personal conduct; to lead by example; and to make tough decisions under stress and pressure.COMMITMENT is the spirit of determination and dedication found in Marines. It leads to the highest order of discipline for individuals and units. It is the ingredient that enables 24-hour-a-day dedication to the Corps and country. It inspires the unrelenting determination to achieve a standard of excellence in every endeavor.


text:
This report describes the membrane binding properties of [3H] hemicholinium-3 ([3H]HC-3), a selective inhibitor of sodium-dependent high-affinity choline uptake (SDHACU) in cholinergic nerve terminals. Under the described assay conditions, [3H]HC-3 binds with a saturable population of high-affinity (apparent Kd=1.9 nM) CNS membrane sites having the regional distribution: striatum ≫ hippocampus > cerebral cortex > cerebellum. High-affinity [3H]HC-3 binding is entirely dependent upon the presence of sodium chloride (EC50=35-50 mM) and is markedly reduced when other salts of sodium or monovalent ions are substituted. [3H]HC-3 binding is inhibited by choline (Ki=6μM) and acetylcholine (Ki=35μM) but markedly less sensitive to other cholinergic agents and metabolic inhibitors. In light of the similar ionic dependencies, regional distributions and pharmacological specificities of [3H]HC-3 binding and SDHACU, closely associated sites may be involved in both processes.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics(all)

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


stats (version 3.5.0)
ts.union: Bind Two or More Time Series
Description
Bind time series which have a common frequency. ts.union pads with NAs to the total time coverage, ts.intersect restricts to the time covered by all the series.
Usage
ts.intersect(…, dframe = FALSE)
ts.union(…, dframe = FALSE)
Arguments
two or more univariate or multivariate time series, or objects which can coerced to time series.
dframe
logical; if TRUE return the result as a data frame.
Value
A time series object if dframe is FALSE, otherwise a data frame.
Details
As a special case, can contain vectors or matrices of the same length as the combined time series of the time series present, as well as those of a single row.
See Also
cbind.
Examples
Run this code
# NOT RUN {
ts.union(mdeaths, fdeaths)
cbind(mdeaths, fdeaths) # same as the previous line
ts.intersect(window(mdeaths, 1976), window(fdeaths, 1974, 1978))
sales1 <- ts.union(BJsales, lead = BJsales.lead)
ts.intersect(sales1, lead3 = lag(BJsales.lead, -3))
# }
Run the code above in your browser using DataLab


text:
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
What is the philosophy of shared costs?
The philosophy has been to allocate the costs of the LINC consortium according to how much each library uses the LLSAP. Use can be tracked in many ways for each library, such as number of ports, amount of circulation, number of holdings, total materials budget. All of these elements are calculated in formulas that assess the total costs of LINC and the Cataloging Center equitably to all participating libraries.
Committees and the LINC governing bodies have determined these cost formulas and approved them. LTLS does its best to control costs for the various elements that determine the overall bottom line. Libraries have also agreed that once costs are determined, the formulas should apply and libraries are responsible for paying their portion of the shared cost. Libraries that are members of the consortia agree to this, through the LINC Principles of Cooperation and the LINC Membership Agreement.
Who determined the cost sharing formula between libraries?
The Automated Libraries Council determined the current method of allocating costs. The LINC Directors Group would decide if any further refinements are necessary.
What does the annual LINC ongoing costs pay for and how is it shared between the libraries?
For the LINC ongoing costs, member libraries pay for hardware and software maintenance expenses to Epixtech, maintenance for routers, the shared data circuit to access LINC as well as some support staff costs and supplies.
The LINC ongoing costs are allocated according to three data sources: 1) number of ports 2) circulation 3) holdings. The projected costs for the year are divided equally into three portions of the formula and each part is allocated according to the three data sources (ports, circulation and holdings). Example: if projected Central Site costs were $90,000 for the year, $30,000.00 would be allocated to the individual libraries according to the number of ports each library has, $30,000 would be allocated according to the local circulation, and $30,000 would be allocated according to the number of holdings.
What does the annual Cataloging Center and OCLC costs pay for and how is it shared between the libraries?
For Cataloging Center, member libraries that use the center pay for the costs associated with the center including all OCLC use, professional and staff costs, and supplies.
The Cataloging Costs are allocated according to the individual library's materials expense less the periodical expense. That figure is used to allocate the projected Cataloging Costs for the year.
For the shared OCLC costs, member libraries have been paying for the initial ongoing batchloading of holdings records into OCLC. Those costs are currently being paid through the Illinois State Library. The formula for batchloading was determined by a percent of the holdings that libraries loaded into OCLC.
What is a port, how much does it cost, what does it pay for?
A port equates to a simultaneous user of the Dynix software. The cost of a port is currently $4000.00 and has been since 1993. The port/access fees are used to purchase additional licenses from epixtech as well as to be sure that the hardware has sufficient capacity to handle the number of users on the system. LTLS purchases additional hardware capacity and upgrades the software as the numbers of users are added to the system. In 1993, the Automated Libraries determined that it would be best to incorporate the hardware and software upgrades into the access fees in order to have a state-of-the-art system for members without assessing additional one-time charges for routine upgrades. This allows the libraries and LTLS to maintain response time and performance guarantees and has been a very successful way of managing upgrades. In 1997 the LINC system needed a major upgrade, which cost $235,000, and no fees were assessed to individual libraries to pay for that upgrade.
Does LT charge overhead?
No, LTLS does not charge building rent, insurance, or administrative overhead for the service of managing LINC.
What data is used to determine how much my library pays and when should I expect to know how much I owe for the next Fiscal Year?
The primary data (circulation, materials expenditures, holdings, and periodical expenditures) used in the formulas is derived from the Annual Profile Survey (APS) that member libraries complete. The surveys are to be returned to LTLS by January 15th. Libraries have requested the cost information by February or March prior to the beginning of the Fiscal Year. LTLS has not been able to meet that deadline for several years, as libraries are not completing the entire APS in a timely fashion. LTLS needs the signed document not just specific numbers, as the signature is the certification part of the APS process. LTLS is diligently working to have libraries submit the FY 2001 APS online.
Other data used is the actual number of ports that a library has access to and the actual number of records that were batchloaded.
What data (year) do we use?
For the costs for FY 2002 the FY2000 APS data was used. LTLS uses the current figures for the number of ports the individual library has access to.
How often are libraries billed?
The LINC Ongoing Costs and Cataloging Costs are billed on a quarterly basis. There are monthly bills generated for equipment or supplies.
How much grant money is used for LINC support?
We have used the Live and Learn grants to help new libraries join the LLSAP. The grants have been in the amount of $10,000 per library to help defray the start-up costs. We have also received grants in the past to upgrade the automation equipment such as a grant to upgrade the wide-area-network. Every year LTLS uses at least $75,000 of the Live and Learn grant to directly benefit the LINC consortia.
What do libraries pay when they join LINC?
For the past several years LTLS has awarded Live and Learn grants to libraries to help with the start-up costs. These costs include installation of hardware and data circuits, peripheral equipment, port fees, retrospective conversion costs and supplies. The grant covers most of these start-up costs although the library must add local holdings to the database and pay for supplies.
In addition to the annual LINC ongoing costs and the Cataloging Center costs that occur after the start-up costs, libraries pay for maintenance on local equipment, additional supplies and telecommunications connections to the system.
When do libraries start paying their share of costs?
The start-up costs described earlier are paid as the equipment is installed and services are provided. The Cataloging Center Costs begin after the first fiscal year and the LINC ongoing support begins after the second fiscal year.
How would we pay for a new automation system?
LTLS maintains a special fund "Port-Telecommunications Fund" where all the money collected from port fees is tracked. LTLS uses that money for upgrades as described previously, but the fund is also used for upgrades or purchasing a new system. As of June 30, 2001, there was $290,331 available in this fund. Other money that is deposited in that fund includes any funds that were not expended from the LINC ongoing costs during the previous fiscal year. In addition, LTLS has some credit with the current vendor, epixtech that could be applied to the purchase of upgrades if we remain with that vendor.
If the amount of funds in the "Port-Telecommunications Fund" were insufficient to purchase a new system, several options for payment would be a special assessment to member libraries, borrowing the funds or a special grant.


text:
Mokpo City, located on the southwestern coast of the Korean Peninsula, has been built on one of the largest areas of reclaimed coastal land in Korea. This reclaimed land is currently experiencing significant ground subsidence due to soil consolidation. We have estimated the subsidence rate of Mokpo City (8 × 8 km) using the synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) and InSAR permanent scatterer (PSInSAR) techniques to analyze 26 JERS-1 SAR images acquired between 1992 and 1998 and six ENVISAT ASAR images acquired in 2004-2005. Mean subsidence velocity, which was clearly related to reclaimed land, was computed from the JERS-1 PSInSAR analysis. The results indicate a continuous and significant subsidence at three sites (Dongmyung, Hadang and Wonsan), where the subsidence velocity has reached more than 5-7 cm/yr in the area of maximum subsidence. The subsidence rate was found to have decreased in Wonsan and Hadang between 1992 and 1998, while it remained steady or increased in Dongmyung during the same period. The subsidence extended to the period of 2004-2005, and the subsidence rate predicted by the JERS-1 PSInSAR analysis using a linear model was confirmed by the ENVISAT ASAR InSAR results. Our results show that InSAR/PSInSAR-based subsidence maps are useful for the long-term monitoring of soil consolidation and for defining risk zones in coastal reclaimed regions.
Bibliographical noteFunding Information:
Acknowledgments. We thank NASA and ONR for support. The research was supported by the National Research Lab. Project (M1-0302-00-0063) of the Korea Ministry of Science and Technology. CSTARS publications # 8.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Space and Planetary Science


text:
Spanish Water Dog
- Weight: 30-50 lb
- Lifespan: 14 years
- Group: AKC Herding
- Best Suited For: Families with children, active singles, houses with yards, farms/rural areas
- Temperament: Hardworking, intelligent, loyal, friendly
- Comparable Breeds: Portuguese Water Dog, Puli
Spanish Water Dog Basics
If you were to imagine a medium-sized dog with thick, curly fur and a penchant for herding, you might be thinking of the Spanish Water Dog. These dogs are an old Spanish breed that has been used for herding for many centuries. The Spanish Water Dog is a highly intelligent breed that does best when given a job to do but, at the end of the day, they love nothing more than to spend time with family.
The Spanish Water Dog is a highly intelligent breed that does best when given a job to do.
There are a variety of theories that exist regarding the origins of the Spanish Water Dog, but most theories suggest that the breed has been present in the Iberian Peninsula for many centuries. In Southern Spain, the Spanish Water Dog is known as the "Andalusian Turk" and it is thought to have been brought over with Turkish shepherds. Several populations of the breed have been traced back to various regions in Spain including one in Northern Spain which became known as the Cantabrian Water Dog. The group from the southern Andalusia sierras was the largest group, known for its strength and herding skills. The Spanish Water Dog was revived during the 1970s in Spain and, in 1985, it was finally recognized by the Spanish Kennel Club.
The Spanish Water Dog is an ancient breed whose origins can be traced back to the Iberian Peninsula around 1,100 AD. This breed was historically used for herding and various populations of the breed were combined to create a well-balanced breed with all the desired traits for herding.
The Spanish Water Dog is a mediumto large-sized breed, so it should be offered a dog food that has been formulated to meet the energy requirements of large-breed dogs. Spanish Water Dogs are also a highly active breed so, especially if you intend to train your dog for herding or other dog sports, you may want to consider an active breed formula.
These dogs have strong natural herding and guarding instincts so they do best when given a job to perform.
The Spanish Water Dog is an intelligent breed so it typically responds well to training. These dogs have strong natural herding and guarding instincts so they do best when given a job to perform. This breed can become fairly territorial and protective of family, so early socialization and training is needed to prevent the Spanish Water Dog from becoming wary around strangers. If trained and socialized from an early age, these dogs can get along well with children and household pets.
Related: Portuguese Water Dog
At maturity, the average male Spanish Water Dog stands between 17 and 20 inches tall and weighs 40 to 50 lbs. The female Spanish Water Dog stands about 16 to 18 inches tall and weighs between 30 and 40 lbs. at maturity.
The Spanish Water Dog is a friendly and affectionate breed with family, but it can be somewhat aloof or suspicious around strangers if not properly trained. These dogs enjoy spending time with family and they require a good deal of daily exercise. This breed does not do well when left alone for long periods of time – they require a good bit of human interaction to thrive. These dogs are sometimes referred to as "Velcro dogs" because they tend to stick so close to family. Spanish Water Dogs are best suited to individuals or families who lead an active lifestyle and mental stimulation is incredibly important because they are so intelligent.
Common Health Problems
The Spanish Water Dog is generally a healthy and hardy breed but, like all breeds, it is prone to developing certain health problems. The health concerns most likely to affect the Spanish Water Dog breed include hip dysplasia, allergies, glaucoma, PRA and hypothyroidism. Responsible breeding practices and genetic testing can help to greatly reduce the risk for these and other inherited diseases in the Spanish Water Dog.
The average life expectancy of the Spanish Water Dog is about 14 years.
Because the Spanish Water Dog is a herding breed it has fairly high requirements for exercise. These dogs require at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise per day plus some active play time, if possible. Training these dogs for herding or other dog sports is a great way to meet both their physical and mental stimulation needs.
The Spanish Water Dog is a friendly and affectionate breed with family, but it can be somewhat aloof or suspicious around strangers if not properly trained.
In 2005 the American Kennel Club (AKC) admitted the Spanish Water Dog into the AKC Foundation Stock Service and, in 2008, it began to compete in the Herding group for dog agility trials. In 2012 the breed was moved to the Miscellaneous group and, as of January 1, 2015, the Spanish Water Dog is now officially recognized by the AKC in the Herding Group.
The Spanish Water Dog has a curly, hypoallergenic coat which, when allowed to grow, forms cords. It is not recommended that you brush or clip the coat of this breed – it is preferred natural. These dogs come in a variety of colors including solid black, grown, white, and beige or any combination of one of these colors with white. The breed standard prohibits tri-colored dogs.
Spanish Water Dog puppies are always born with curly hair and, as they mature, the curly hair starts to form thick cords. Early socialization and training is essential for Spanish Water Dogs because they have a tendency to become aloof around strangers if not properly socialized. This breed can do well around household pets and children if properly socialized while young.
Photo credit: otsphoto/Shutterstock; Life on White/Bigstock.com; Teemu Tretjakov Photography/Bigstock.com


text:
The electricity regulatory authority – ERA has decreased the power tariffs responding to an application by power company UMEME for the supply of electrical energy for the third quarter of 2016.
High electricity costs and frequent outages are cited as some of the biggest challenges facing businesses and households in Uganda.
South African owned UMEME had proposed a higher charge basing on the movement in the exchange rate of the Uganda Shilling (Ush) against major currencies directly affects the costs for companies involved in the Electricity Supply Industry (ESI), because a portion of these companies' costs are incurred in foreign currency yet the retail tariff is charged and revenue collected in Uganda Shillings.
UMEME had also hoped for ERA's approval to raise consumer charges in order to cover rising operation costs and upgrade its transmission network.
UMEME is said to have presented the proposed higher tariff structure to the energy regulator last month, seeking its approval.
In a statement ERA says Domestic consumers using low voltage or single phase connection at 240 volts will be charged Domestic consumers will pay Shs 626.0 per unit from Shs 640.2, marking a reduction of Shs14 charged in the 2rd quarter.
Commercial consumers connected to a three phase low voltage load not exceeding 100 amps will now be charged Shs 566.9 for each unit from Shs 578 while medium industrial consumers will pay Shs 524.7 from Shs 536.2.
The overall impact of the above adjustment factors is a reduction of 2.5 percent in the weighted average end-user Retail Tariffs relative to the quarter two 2016 tariffs . This reduction in end-user tariffs is largely explained by the increased power dispatch from the cheaper Nalubaale-Kiira power complex that replaced the shortfall in power dispatch from Kakira Sugar Limited (KSL) Cogeneration power plant. KSL was out of production in the month of May and part of June 2016, for annual maintenance.
ERA says the new tariffs shall be applicable to all consumer bills based on meter readings and Yaka purchases taken in the period July 2016 to September 2016.
"UMEME is in business and have to make their case in seeking to tap new revenue but the government looks at things from a wider perspective," a source at ERA who preferred anonymity told EagleOnline.
Reducing the cost of energy has been a key plank of President Yoweri Museveni's economic agenda that is aimed at making locally produced goods competitive in local and foreign markets as well as slowing down the rate of inflation.


text:
RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES, VOL. 13, ES1002, doi:10.2205/2013ES000527, 2013
V. A. Gavrilov, I. A. Panteleev, G. V. Ryabinin, Yu. V. Morozova
This work presents the results of studies of a physical basis of modulating effects of continuous exposure to electromagnetic radiation on intensity of geoacoustic processes in real geological media. The study is based on data from long-term borehole geoacoustic, electromagnetic, hydrogeochemical and hydrogeodynamic measurements performed in the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky geodynamic polygon. The authors have analyzed the physical reasons for the high correlation of the RMS signals of geoacoustic emission and external electromagnetic radiation at intervals of background seismicity and investigated the physical mechanism of the effect of degradation of geoacoustic emission response to the electromagnetic effects observed at the time of relatively close strong earthquakes.
Received 7 April 2013; accepted 17 April 2013; published 16 May 2013.
Citation: Gavrilov V. A., I. A. Panteleev, G. V. Ryabinin, Yu. V. Morozova (2013), Modulating impact of electromagnetic radiation on geoacoustic emission of rocks, Russ. J. Earth Sci., 13, ES1002, doi:10.2205/2013ES000527.
Copyright 2013 by the Geophysical Center RAS.
Generated from LaTeX source by SemTeXML, v.1.2) software package.


Documentation
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Plot Array Directivity Using Sensor Array Analyzer App
The sensorArrayAnalyzer is a Matlab™ App that lets you examine important properties of a phased array such as shape and directivity.
Open sensorArrayAnalyzer App
When you type sensorArrayAnalyzer from the command line or select the app from the App Toolstrip, an interactive window opens. The default window shows the geometry of a 4-element uniform linear array. You can then select various options to analyze different arrays, other element types, geometry, and directivity.
sensorArrayAnalyzer;
Create 3D Directivity Plot of 4-by-4 URA
As an example, use the app to create a 4-by-4 uniform rectangular array of cosine antenna elements and then show the array directivity. Space the elements 0.4 wavelengths apart.
 1. Set the Array Type to Uniform Rectangular
 2. Set the Element Type to Cosine Antenna
 3. Set the Size of the arry to [4 4]
 4. Set the Element Spacing to [0.4 0.4] wavelengths
 5. Make sure to select the spacing units to wavelength
 6. Select the Steering check box
 7. Set the Steer Angle to [-30,0] to show a steered array
 8. Choose the type of View as 3D Array Directivity
 9. Choose the view Option as Polar to get a polar diagram
 10. Select the Show Geometry check box to show the array shape as well
Then, you will see a plot of array directivity similar to this.
filenm = fullfile(matlabroot,'examples','phased','SensorArrayAnalyzerAppExample_02.png');
im = imread(filenm);
figure('Position',[315 160 906 690])
image(im)
axis off
set(gca,'Position',[0.078 0.077 0.845 0.896])
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Archive for the 'the U.N.' Tag
Fixing the World, Bang-For-The-Buck Edition: A New Freakonomics Radio Podcast Leave a comment
Summary: Return on Investment (ROI) analyzes at the most efficient way to spend money. An example given is the difference between curing malaria and HIV/AIDS. To cure malaria, it would cost about $1,000 per person, while it would cost ten times that to cure HIV/AIDS, and it is decided that they would rather save 10 people from malaria before they save one from HIV/AIDS. The United Nations, with their Millennium Development Goals coming to a close, will be looking to set new goals in 2015, to be completed by 2030. One of the issued they will focus on is how they are setting goals, and how to be more efficient with the help of the Return on Investment analysis.
Original Air Date: October 2, 2014
Length: 43 minutes 34 seconds
Prompt / Discussion: You are a member of the United Nations, and are put in charge of coming up with new development goals for 2015. You have $100 billion to invest in various development aid. Discuss how you would prioritize between an important, expensive goal (such as getting all kids into school, which was one of the Millennium Development Goals), and something that might not be seen as highly important, but cost effective.


Get involved in the Burp challenge for opportunities to test your skills and win swag – Challenge me
HTTP/3 connection contamination: an upcoming threat?
James Kettle
James Kettle
Director of Research
@albinowax
I recently documented a dangerous reverse-proxy behaviour called first-request routing, which enables host-header attacks on back-end systems. In this post, I'll show how first-request routing also enables a client-side, browser-based attack called HTTP connection contamination. This technique works on systems running HTTP/2, and is likely to become a greater threat with the advent of HTTP/3. The video above is a five minute presentation explaining this threat from a high level, and the rest of this post covers the full technical details.
Web browsers have a shiny feature called HTTP connection coalescing, which lets them reuse a single HTTP/2+ connection for requests going to different websites, provided that the sites resolve to the same IP address and use a TLS certificate valid for both hostnames.
First-request routing is a dangerous reverse-proxy behaviour where the proxy analyses the first request on a connection to work out which back-end end to route it to, and then sends all subsequent requests on that connection to the same back-end.
Connection coalescing and first-request routing do not play well together. For example, imagine secure.example.com and wordpress.example.com are both sat behind a reverse proxy using a certificate valid for *.example.com:
$ nslookup wordpress.example.com
52.16.179.7 // reverse proxy that supports HTTP/2 and does first-request routing
$ nslookup secure.example.com
52.16.179.7 // same reverse proxy
$ openssl s_client -connect x.portswigger-labs.net:443
subject=/CN=*.example.com // wildcard TLS certificate
If a browser tries to send a request to wordpress.example.com followed by secure.example.com, browser connection coalescing will force both requests down a single connection to the front-end. First-request routing will result in the request to secure.example.com incorrectly being routed to the WordPress back-end. This means that if you find XSS on wordpress.example.com, you can use it to compromise secure.example.com!
// create HTTP/2+ connection
fetch('_URL_ {credentials: 'include'})
// connection coalescing will force this down the same connection...
// ...leading to the front-end misrouting it to WordPress
// the browser thinks our injected JS is coming from secure.example.com
// exposing saved passwords, cookies, etc.
location='_URL_
You can explore connection coalescing for yourself by using the Timing graph under the Network tab in Chrome's developer tools (or using WireShark if you're a masochist). Issue request pairs using fetch() and see if the graph shows time spent on 'Initial connection' for the second request, and if the Connection ID column matches:
fetch('//sub1.hackxor.net/', {mode: 'no-cors', credentials: 'include'}).then(()=>{ fetch('//sub2.hackxor.net/', {mode: 'no-cors', credentials: 'include'}) })
I haven't invested the time required to explore this threat in depth or scan for it in the wild as I believe it's currently rare for two reasons. Firstly, first-request routing is relatively uncommon and HTTP/2's implementation complexity means there's only a small pool of unique HTTP/2 servers relative to HTTP/1.1. Secondly, connection coalescing means HTTP/2 servers performing first-request routing may intermittently break for genuine visitors, so the owners may end up fixing the vulnerability without attacker encouragement.
That said, it's not all bad news for attackers. HTTP/3 proposes removing the requirement for an IP address match, which will expose everyone with a front-end that uses first-request routing and has a certificate valid for multiple hosts.
This also creates a second risk which isn't related to first-request routing - it means a compromised server with a wildcard certificate no longer requires an MITM to exploit. In effect, this greatly increases the pool of malicious actors who could profit from it.
To avoid these risks before they become a reality, ensure your reverse proxies don't perform first-request routing. You can test for this manually in Repeater by enabling HTTP/1 and HTTP/2 connection reuse, and also scan for it using the 'Connection-State' attack in HTTP Request Smuggler. Also, be aware that while wildcard TLS certificates have never been ideal, HTTP/3 means a compromised server with a wildcard certificate can now be used to attack sibling domains without an active MITM.
These new threats continue the ongoing trend of web infrastructure descending into a heavily intertwined mess where a weakness in any individual site has numerous non-obvious knock-on effects on the security of the overall system. It'll be interesting to see how these risks play out in practice.
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text:
HOW TO DETECT FROM AN OPTEL-TEXYS SENSOR? WITH OR WITHOUT ZEBRA TAPE?
The goal of this article is to highlight the possibilities of performing detections on rotating machines based on some variants of periodic elements.
Detection in Hot Environments with Optical Fibre Sensors
Offering an assembly comprising a sensor and an optical probe is an appropriate response when the measurement environment is restrictive.
This solution avoids prolonged exposure of the sensor to constraints such as temperature, humidity, electromagnetic interference and an explosive atmosphere. In addition, keeping the electronics close to the acquisition system maintains a good quality incoming signal with little phase shift.
ANALYSIS OF TURBOCHARGERS & TURBINES
OPTEL-TEXYS fibre optic tachometers are used in a wide range of applications in the automotive industry, covering the areas of engine and accessory tuning during bench or vehicle testing.
TORQUE MEASUREMENT WITHOUT A MECHANICAL TORQUEMETER
3 French SMEs, including OPTEL-TEXYS, have implemented an innovative optical solution to meet the needs of one of them. CSTM, which develops a high-speed electric motor and needs to measure torque. The company is facing several difficult issues that conventional torquemeters cannot overcome: the measurement must be carried out without added inertia, without integration constraints and at very high speeds.
OPTICAL SENSOR FOR DETECTION IN LIQUIDS
Very often, users are reluctant to use our optical detection solutions when they have to work in environments where liquids are omnipresent.
However, you will see in this article that technical solutions exist to overcome these problems...
DREHZAHLSENSOREN FÜR DIE ANALYSE VON DREHSCHWINGUNGEN
Through different work and research made in the Universities of FERRARA and BOLOGNA from which this article is an extract, OPTEL-TEXYS highlights the contribution of its optical speed sensors in the frame of testing and simulation when the goal is to analyse the torsional vibration of a rotating machine in order to solve NVH issues.


Using Laravel's Localization in JS
Laravel provides an awesome and easy to use translation system. When we render our content on the back-end only, there is almost nothing to do but translate the strings in every language we need. But what if our app is a SPA and we still want to use the translations what Laravel provides? We can work around a bit to solve this issue.
Localization with Laravel
In modern web apps, it's almost a requirement to provide internationalization (I18n) for the seamless and easier use. On the back-end side, we have an easy job, all we have to do, is to get familiar with the translation system and use it!
We can store our language files in the resources/langs directory. By default, we have an en folder where the language files are stored. We can add new languages to the system by copy the files in a folder what named by the ISO 639-1 code of the language. For example Hungarian is hu, Romanian is ro, French is fr and so on.
To get the current language, we can use the config('app.locale') function or the App::getLocale() method. Also to set the language we can use the App::setLocale($lang) method, where the parameter is the correct ISO 639-1 code of the language.
The translator automatically gets the currently set language and retrieves the text what we need. We can use the trans() function and the @lang directive to translate the desired strings of the given key.
// Function
trans('auth.failed');
// Blade Directive
@lang('auth.failed');
We stop here because this post is not about back-end translation. But for sure you have a lot of options, like pluralization, JSON based translations and so on. Read the documentation to learn more about the API and the features.
Push the Translations Into a JS Object
We need to make our translations accessible on our front-end. There are many solutions to do that, we chose what we found the simplest in this case.
First of all, create a new service provider called TranslationServiceProvider to generate a JSON of all the translations. Then we should cache the results because it's not changing often and it's good to pay attention to the performance. As the last step, we need to print the JSON out and assign to the window object.
// app/Providers/TranslationServiceProvider.php
<?php
namespace App\Providers;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\App;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\File;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;
use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;
class TranslationServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
 /**
 * The path to the current lang files.
 *
 * @var string
 */
 protected $langPath;
 /**
 * Create a new service provider instance.
 *
 * @return void
 */
 public function __construct()
 {
 $this->langPath = resource_path('lang/'.App::getLocale());
 }
 /**
 * Bootstrap the application services.
 *
 * @return void
 */
 public function boot()
 {
 Cache::rememberForever('translations', function () {
 return collect(File::allFiles($this->langPath))->flatMap(function ($file) {
 return [
 ($translation = $file->getBasename('.php')) => trans($translation),
 ];
 })->toJson();
 });
 }
}
Don't forget to register your provider in the config/app.php!
The code above makes nothing, but scan the directory named of the current language, then push the contents into a collection instance, make some modification and as a result generate a JSON format of the collection. Then we cache the result to make it accessible anywhere and to make it faster later.
There is nothing left but push the cached translations to the front-end. We can do just before the closing body tag.
<script>
 window.translations = {!! Cache::get('translations') !!};
</script>
Now we have the same translations on back-end and front-end too. But still, we need a translator on the JS side as well to get the proper strings by the given key.
The Translator Implementation in JS
Let's stop here and think a bit about the functionality what we need here. Write a list of the features, it may help.
 1. We need the basic features of Laravel's translator
 2. We want to retrieve a string paired with the given key
 3. We want to replace placeholders
 4. We want to pluralize
Start with the basics, let's retrieve a string matched with the given key. Then try to replace the placeholders if we can. The placeholders have a special syntax, all of them starts with an : . It makes our life a bit easier to have this convention, we can replace them easily.
To make the code familiar we follow Laravel's naming conventions.
function trans(key, replace = {})
{
 let translation = key.split('.').reduce((t, i) => t[i] || null, window.translations);
 for (var placeholder in replace) {
 translation = translation.replace(':${placeholder}', replace[placeholder]);
 }
 return translation;
}
We accept a key (like auth.failed, pagination.next), and an object, where the placeholder is the key without the colon and the value is the string what we need. For example:
{
 attempts: 30,
 attribute: 'Name'
}
Note, we could use lodash (_) to get values of an object, also to replace strings. For more complex things it's cannot be avoided.
It's working well, so we can move on the pluralization part. Laravel uses the trans_choice() to pluralize strings. The first parameter is the key, and the second one is the count. If the second argument is bigger than 1, the function returns the pluralized version. We need to separate the singular and the plural versions with an | character. For example:
[
 'attempts' => 'Be careful, you have :attempts attempt left.|You still have :attempts attempts left.',
]
So we need to do some extra work, but basically, we can copy-paste the code we have in the trans() function. We need to determine if the count is bigger than one and return with the proper part of the translation.
function trans_choice(key, count = 1, replace = {})
{
 let translation = key.split('.').reduce((t, i) => t[i] || null, window.translations).split('|');
 translation = count > 1 ? translation[1] : translation[0];
 for (var placeholder in replace) {
 translation = translation.replace(':${placeholder}', replace[placeholder]);
 }
 return translation;
}
Summary
Now we have a fully functional translation tool that uses the same source what Laravel provides. No need for AJAX requests or any special things, it's simple and works well. Also, it's very easy to integrate with Vue or other frameworks.
You can find the whole code what we use at this GitHub repo.
If you have an idea how to improve or extend it, please let us know! Thank you!
Need a web developer? Maybe we can help, get in touch!
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You can check them on Jooble.
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text:
Individual differences |
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |
Arlie Russell Hochschild (born 15 January 1940) is a professor of sociology at the University of California, Berkeley, in the United States. She is the author of several books and numerous articles, including The Time Bind: When Work Becomes Home and Home Becomes Work (1997) and The Second Shift, which discuss the dual labor by women in both the general economy and within the household. According to her research, the first is rewarded less than the labor of men, while the second is completely unpaid. Arguably her most influential work to the field of sociology has been Emotion Work, Feeling Rules and Social Structure (1979) and subsequently The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling (1983).
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).|


text:
An interactive video installation (something like a Dance Karaoke) that encloses the present, the future and the past, made together with Trade Project. The video installation was shown at Lunds Konsthall in their exhibition Dance is Present.
Similar to the classic children's game, where a sentence travels from one person to another and with time transforms into something new, we ask our participants to physically respond, confirm and interpret each others contributions.
Trade worked out the concept, I programmed the video recorder and uploading mechanism in OpenFrameworks and Python. Watch the whole thing at the Chinese Whispers website.


How do I create a pivot table in a report
How do I create a multi-series chart?
The Maintenance Connection Reporter provides options to create multi-series charts (e.g., multi-bar, stacked, with trend line). These chart styles allow for a more complex graphical presentation of your data, displaying data along multiple dimensions. Multi-series charts are more complex to create and thus require more familiarity with this type of charting. The following is a general guide for creating a"Multi-Series" Bar Chart.
To create a multi-series bar chart:
 1. Open the report on which the chart is to be placed and access the Chart/KPI Tab from the Report Setup Window.
 2. Open the Chart Type Dropdown Control and select "Bar Chart (Multi)". The fields on the page will change to support the definition of this type of chart:
 1. In the Chart By field, select the field on which the charted data will be grouped into sections. For our example, the chart will have a series of bar charts for each type of work order, so "Work Order Type Description" should be specified as the Chart By Field.
 2. In the Chart Name field, enter a desired name, such as "Count and Hours by Type".
 3. Check the "Show Values" indicator if you wish to have the actual values corresponding to each bar displayed. The chart definition should appear as follows:
 1. In the Chart Function Data area, the calculations for the individual bars to be displayed (count, target hours, actual hours) will be defined.
 2. For the first calculation, select [WO] Target Hours for the Data Value, Target Hours for the Label, Sum for the Function and any desired color:
 1. Click Add to place these values into the Chart Function List:
 1. For the second calculation, select [WO] Actual Hours and enter the desired function and color. Click Add to place these values into the list.
 2. The third calculation will simply be a count. As such, any field can be used as all fields will return the same count of records. Select any field, enter "WO Count" for the Label, "Count" for the function and select any desired color. Click Add to place these values into the list.
 3. Your Chart Function List should look similar to the following.
 1. If desired, the arrows can be used to move the display order and the red x can be used to delete the field to enter a different value.
 2. Click Apply to preview your chart. You should have a series of bar charts for each type of work order included in your report:


text:
We present a method for computing ray-based approximations to optical fields that not only offers unprecedented accuracy but is also accompanied by accessible error estimates. The basic elements of propagation through smooth media, refraction and reflection at interfaces, and diffraction by obstacles give the foundations for the new framework, and the first of these is treated here. The key in each case is that the wave field and any relevant derivatives are expressed consistently as a superposition of delocalized ray contributions. In this way, the mysteries surrounding the sometimes perplexing tenaciousness of ray-based estimates are clearly resolved. Further, an essential degree of freedom in this approach offers an attractive resolution of part of the apparent conflict of particle/wave duality.
© 2001 Optical Society of America
(_PHONE_) General : Mathematical methods in physics
(_PHONE_) Geometric optics : Inhomogeneous optical media
(_PHONE_) Geometric optics : Mathematical methods (general)
(_PHONE_) Other areas of optics : Waves
G. W. Forbes and M. A. Alonso, "Using rays better. I. Theory for smoothly varying media," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 18, _PHONE_ (2001)


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I've been asked to prove this.
In class we proved this when $n=15$, but our approached seemed unnecessarily complicated to me. We invoked Sylow's theorems, normalizers, etc. I've looked online and found other examples of this approach.
I wonder if it is actually unnecessary, or if there is something wrong with the following proof:
If $|G|=35=5\cdot7$, then by Cauchy's theorem, there exist $x,y \in G$ such that $o(x)=5$, $o(y)=7$. The order of the product $xy$ is then $\text{lcm}(5,7)=35$. Since we've found an element of $G$ of order 35, we conclude that $G$ is cyclic.
share|improve this question
I can't see what's wrong with it, but I have a hard time believing that so many people would overlook this proof it it were correct. – user18297 Oct 26 '11 at 17:58
If $x$ and $y$ commute then the order of $xy$ is the lcm, but you can't assume this. – stopple Oct 26 '11 at 18:03
In fact, even if $x$ and $y$ have finite order, it need not be that $xy$ has finite order. – JavaMan Oct 26 '11 at 18:05
(following DJC's comment) e.g. We can express the Fibonacci matrix (with infinite order) as the product of two matrices with finite order (the orders are 2 and 3, if memory serves). – The Chaz 2.0 Oct 26 '11 at 18:07
So try applying this to a group of order 21. What goes wrong (since there is a non-abelian group of that order, which is therefore non-cyclic - as every cyclic group is abelian)? If you can't distinguish the cases, you don't have a proof. – Mark Bennet Oct 26 '11 at 18:07
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4 Answers
As a concrete example, consider the single-cycle permutations $(1,2,3,4,5)$ and $(1,2,3,4,5,6,7)$, with orders $5$ and $7$, respectively. Their product is the cycle $(1,3,5,2,4,6,7)$ of order $7$.
On the other hand, pick two arbitrary axes in $\mathbb R^3$ and consider the groups of five-fold and seven-fold rotation symmetry about these axes. These are cyclic groups of orders $5$ and $7$, respectively, but the product of two elements, one from each group, is generally not a rotation through a rational multiple of $\pi$, and is thus generally of infinite order. You can see this by varying one of the axes; then the rotation angle of the product varies continuously with the orientation of the axis, and thus by the intermediate value theorem takes on irrational multiples of $\pi$.
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add comment
Here's a counting argument. If $G$ is not cyclic, then every element of $G$ is of order $1$, $5$, or $7$, and, as noted above, no element of order $5$ commutes with any element of order $7$.
Let $G_5$ be the elements of order $5$. We can see that $4\mid|G_5|$ by partioning $G_5$ into sets $\{g,g^2,g^3,g^4\}$.
On the other hand, given a $y$ of order $7$, we can partition $G_5$ into sets of $7$ elements, since we can separate $G_5$ into sets $\{g,ygy^{-1},y^2gy^{-2},...,y^6gy^{-6}\}$ (Note that, if $y^igy^{-i} = y^jgy^{-j}$, then $y^{i-j}g = gy^{i-j}$. So this must give $7$ distinct values, or some y^{i-j} commutes with $g$, which would imply that $G$ is cyclic.)
So, $28\mid |G_5|$. Similarly, $30\mid |G_7|$. But $35 = 1 + |G_5| + |G_7|$
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Note, this works for any $|G|=pq$ where $p,q$ distinct primes and $(pq,(p-1)(q-1))=1$. On the other hand, if $p=2$, then there is a dihedral group of order $2q$ for all $q$. And if $p\mid (q-1)$, we can find a cyclic group of automorphism of $(\mathbb{Z}_q,+)$ of order $p$ by taking powers of an elements of $\mathbb{Z}_q^\times$ of order $p$, and take the semidirect product of the groups to get a non-cycle group of order $pq$. – Thomas Andrews Oct 26 '11 at 19:20
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Another explicit example:
Consider $$ A = \left( \begin{array}{cc} 1 & -1 \\ 0 & -1 \end{array} \right), \quad \text{and} \quad B = \left(\begin{array}{cc} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & -1 \end{array} \right). $$ Then, $A^2 = B^2 = I$, but $$ AB = \left( \begin{array}{cc} 1 & 1 \\ 0 & 1 \end{array} \right) $$ has infinite order.
It should also be mentioned that if $x$ has order $n$ and $y$ has order $m$, and $x$ and $y$ commute: $xy = yx$, then the order of $xy$ divides $\text{lcm}(m,n)$, though the order of $xy$ is not $\text{lcm}(m,n)$ in general. For example, if an element $g \in G$ has order $n$, then $g^{-1}$ also has order $n$, but $g g^{-1}$ has order $1$. Joriki's example also provides a scenario where the order of $xy$ is not $\text{lcm}(m,n)$ in general.
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That's what I was talking about in my comment (though $AB$ here is the transpose...) – The Chaz 2.0 Oct 26 '11 at 18:54
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I think we can prove this in more generality if we have that $|G|=pq$ with $p,q$ prime, $p> q$ and $q\not |(p-1)$
From the Sylow theorem we then have that the number if sylow-p groups is $1$ and then as:
$|Sylw_q|\equiv 1 mod q$ and $|Sylw||p$ but $q\not | p$ this then gives that the number of Sylow q-groups is also $1$
We then have that $G=C_p\times C_q$ and hence is abelian and so if we let $C_p=$ and $C_q=$ then we have $o(gh)=lcm(o(g),o(h))=lcm(p,q)=pq$ and hence we have that $G$ is cyclic
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text:
CREW: ONE PILOT, ONE CO-PILOT ONE ELECTRONIC COUNTERMEASURES OFFICER (ECO)
WEAPONS: 2 INTERCHANGEABLE WEAPONS PODS
JUMP CAPABILITY: 40 Stellar Units
The Raptor is the workhorse of the Colonial Fleet. Used to transport troops and as scouts for the fleet, Raptor pilots are some of the most well known members of the Colonial Armed Forces. Most Capital Ships are assigned at least one Raptor to act as a transport for the ship's commanding officer (thus sparing the use of the much larger shuttles used to ferry large numbers of people back and forth). There is a squadron of Raptors assigned to the Prometheus, all under the command of the Air Support Group Commander.


text:
Species group: Geckos
Scientific name: Lygodactylus angularis
Range/Habitat: The Angulated Dwarf Gecko is a species of gecko native to southern Zaire and Tanzania. The Zairean subspecies is Lygodactylus angularis grzimek, and the Tanzanian subspecies is Lygodactylus angularis heeneni.Lygodactylus is a genus of diurnal geckos with approximately 60 species. They are commonly referred to as "Dwarf Geckos".
Size and Coloration:


text:
A while back in this thread, before Eric Chan pointed out that there were two image processing pipelines in Lightroom and that all my integer TIFF testing wasn't really relevant to raw processing, some of you asked about different error measures than CIELab Delta-E, specifically something related to hue errors. These color difference measures can get quite complicated. Here's an example
. I can, if there's sufficient interest, implement some of these more complex, and presumably, accurate, measures, but I'll present here just the basics. In the precious post, I presented the Delta-E curves.
Here's a set of Delta-H curves, the basic CIEL*a*b* difference metric that measures hue error:
Like Delta-E, Delta-H can't go negative.
Here are the Delta-C curves, which measures differences in what's called "metric chroma", the radial distance from the grey axis:
Delta-C is positive if the test color is more chromatic than the reference, and negative if the test color is less chromatic than the reference. The fact that there's a tendency towards positive Delta-C indicates that making positive LR exposure adjustments tends to make the colors more chromatic than they should be. You can see that from the scatter plots as well.
If you look at the numbers in the Delta-H and Delta-C plots, you can see that most of the chromaticity error comes from too much chroma, not from hue shift.
And, although it's not a CIELab standard, I like to look at hue angle errors. The big potential problem with looking at hue angle alone is that errors near the grey axis, where they are inconsequential, can have the same value as errors in highly chromatic colors, where they are significant. Still, it gives indications of any possible hue shift bias. Here is the hue angle data:


text:
Brosix uses advanced communication techniques to ensure highest communication speed for all users. However, if you are behind a NAT or firewall some of your file transfers might be relayed trough our servers and thus the speed could be slow.
If you have a personal firewall on your computer it might not allow Brosix to establish direct and fast connections. Please, disable personal firewall or add an exception rule that allows full communication for Brosix.
If you are behind a router, check if it supports UPnP and enable it. If UPnP is enabled on your router, Brosix automatically uses it and the file transfer speed is the max possible. If you still experience slow file transfer speeds, the problem is probably in your Internet connection, or some restrictions in the router.
If your router does not support UPnP or you cannot enable it, try creating a port map in the router. The port-map instructs the router to send all incoming data to a specific computer in the internal network. Then run Brosix and open the menu Brosix-Settings-Connections-Port Map. Enter the port number at which Brosix to listen for incoming connections. This should be the destination port number you set for the port-map on the router.


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Renesas Electronics America - Knowledgebase
I'm a Bit Confused about Code and Data Flash. For example, how do I count write cycles?
Latest Updated:06/16/2016
How do I count write cycles for code and data flash?
You need to make a distinction between data and code flash.
For example, on the S7G2, the first 8 blocks of code flash are 8KB in size and after that, each block is 32KB. A block is the smallest unit of erasure (write). The minimum unit you can write is 256 bytes. If you write less, the line will still have to be erased before writing to the rest of it. Even if you write only 128 bytes and then wish to access the other 128 bytes, the Flash Control Unit checks if the entire line is erased before proceeding to write. You cannot write to the same unit (256 bytes) more than once between erases, since the flash the bits can only by toggled one way (the other way is done only through erase).
Data flash is made of 64 byte blocks and the minimum you can write is 4 bytes. It follows the same rules as described above for the code flash. Renesas guarantees at least 125,000 write-erase cycles on the data flash region for the S7G2. The number of erases is the most important value when it comes to write-erase cycles. You can write to 16 4-byte chunks (i.e. 16 writes) and erase one block (64 bytes) and this is still considered one write-erase cycle.
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Pebble motion problems
The pebble motion problems, or pebble motion on graphs, are a set of related problems in graph theory dealing with the movement of multiple objects ("pebbles") from vertex to vertex in a graph with a constraint on the number of pebbles that can occupy a vertex at any time. Pebble motion problems occur in domains such as multi-robot motion planning (in which the pebbles are robots) and network routing (in which the pebbles are packets of data). The best-known example of a pebble motion problem is the famous 15 puzzle where a disordered group of fifteen tiles must be rearranged within a 4x4 grid by sliding one tile at a time.
Theoretical formulation
The general form of the pebble motion problem is Pebble Motion on Graphs[1] formulated as follows:
Let be a graph with vertices. Let be a set of pebbles with . An arrangement of pebbles is a mapping such that for . A move consists of transferring pebble from vertex to adjacent unoccupied vertex . The Pebble Motion on Graphs problem is to decide, given two arrangements and , whether there is a sequence of moves that transforms into .
Variations
Common variations on the problem limit the structure of the graph to be:
Another set of variations consider the case in which some[5] or all[3] of the pebbles are unlabeled and interchangeable.
Other versions of the problem seek not only to prove reachability but to find a (potentially optimal) sequence of moves (i.e. a plan) which performs the transformation.
Complexity
Finding the shortest path in the pebble motion on graphs problem (with labeled pebbles) is known to be NP-hard[6] and APX-hard.[3] The unlabeled problem can be solved in polynomial time when using the cost metric mentioned above (minimizing the total number of moves to adjacent vertices), but is NP-hard for other natural cost metrics.[3]
References
 1. Kornhauser, Daniel; Miller, Gary; Spirakis, Paul (1984), "Coordinating pebble motion on graphs, the diameter of permutation groups, and applications", Proceedings of the 25th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS 1984), IEEE Computer Society Press, pp. 241–250, CiteSeerX 10.1.1.17.3556, doi:10.1109/sfcs.1984.715921, ISBN 978-0-8186-0591-8
 2. Auletta, V.; Monti, A.; Parente, M.; Persiano, P. (1999), "A linear-time algorithm for the feasibility of pebble motion on trees", Algorithmica, 23 (3): 223–245, doi:10.1007/PL00009259, MR _PHONE_
 3. Călinescu, Gruia; Dumitrescu, Adrian; Pach, János (2008), "Reconfigurations in graphs and grids", SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics, 22 (1): 124–138, CiteSeerX 10.1.1.75.1525, doi:10.1137/060652063, MR _PHONE_
 4. Surynek, Pavel (2009), "A novel approach to path planning for multiple robots in bi-connected graphs", Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2009), IEEE, pp. 3613–3619, doi:10.1109/robot.2009._PHONE_, ISBN 978-1-4244-2788-8
 5. Papadimitriou, Christos H.; Raghavan, Prabhakar; Sudan, Madhu; Tamaki, Hisao (1994), "Motion planning on a graph", Proceedings of the 35th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS 1994), IEEE Computer Society Press, pp. 511–520, doi:10.1109/sfcs.1994.365740, ISBN 978-0-8186-6580-6
 6. Ratner, Daniel; Warmuth, Manfred (1990), "The -puzzle and related relocation problems", Journal of Symbolic Computation, 10 (2): 111–137, doi:10.1016/S0747-7171(08)80001-6, MR _PHONE_
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I wish to simplify a sum by doing "simplify sum_{a=0}^L f(a)" where $f(a)$ is just some arbitrary expression, but I want to only do the sum when some condition is met.
Using the Iverson brackets, I am trying to do "simplify sum_{a=0}^L [some condition] f(a)" if that makes sense.
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You might be able use boole, which returns $0$ or $1$ depending on whether it's argument is True or False. Thus, for $n=10$, Euler's phi function $\varphi(n)$ (which counts the number of positive integers less than and relatively prime to $n$) can be expressed as
sum boole(gcd(i,10)=1), i=1..10
enter image description here
Of course, it's hard to say for sure, since you don't mention your specific application. This method of computing $\varphi(n)$, however, happens to be Wikipedia's first example application of Iverson brackets.
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Helmet Library user regulations
Helmet is an abbreviation of the words Helsinki Metropolitan Area Libraries.
Helmet library service consists of Espoo, Helsinki, Kauniainen and Vantaa City Libraries. Helmet libraries have a shared customer register and library system.
Helmet libraries are open for everybody. Anyone who follows the customer regulations is allowed to use the libraries' collections, services and customer facilities. You are obliged to use library materials, media and facilities in an appropriate way.
When you receive a library card (a customer registration number) or when you accept becoming a contact person, you are committed to follow these user regulations and the potential changes of the regulations. The current user regulations and the separate instructions and rules about the various appliances to be used at the library along with the rights to use them are to be found at _URL_ -> Info -> Using the library.
Library card and pin code
Library card is a card or a customer registration number in some other form approved by the library (later in this text referred to as library card).
You can get a personal library card, the right to borrow and a PIN code at any Helmet library or mobile library. The first library card is free of charge. You will get the library card when you state your address and present a valid ID card with a photograph and personal identity number accepted by the library. To be able to receive a library card you need an address in Finland. If you do not have a Finnish personal identity number, your library card is valid for twelve months at a time.
Children under 15 can have a library card with a written consent by a guardian or other statutory representative (later representative). The representative is responsible for the loans on the library card of a child under 15 years, as well as for the child's use of other services, equipment and facilities of the library.
A day care centre, school, other institution or community can have a library card for twelve months at a time. A contact person is appointed for the card. This person will oversee that the card is used appropriately.
The library card is personal. This also applies to using the library's self-service.
You are responsible for the items that have been borrowed with your library card.
In order to prevent the misuse of your library card you can ask the personnel in the customer service to always check the identity of the borrower. Lending by the automatic lending machine is protected with your PIN code. A staff member of an institution or community can use the institution's or community's library card with the consent of the representative of the institution or community.
You must inform the library immediately if your library card disappears. This responsibility also concerns the contact person. If you have lost your library card, you can call the telephone number 09 3108 5309 when the libraries are closed and leave a message in the answerphone. You are not responsible for the material that has been borrowed with the lost library card after you have informed the library that the library card is missing. A library card that has been reported lost will be removed from use.
Along with the library card you will need a PIN code, if you wish to use the library's web services, lending machines, customer computers and self-service libraries. You will get the PIN code from the library or mobile library when you present a valid ID card approved by the library. The PIN code will not be given by e-mail or phone.
Please keep your contact information up-to-date. You must notify the library without delay about the changes of your address, email address and your name. You can check your contact information on the website _URL_.
The relationship between the library and the customer is confidential.
The library is responsible for the accuracy of the customer register. The personal Information on the borrower and the representative is recorded in the libraries' customer register. The library is responsible for keeping the customer register up to date according to the law in force.
In accordance with the Personal Data Act, the library has the right to record the customer's personal identity number into the register. The register report is on view at the libraries and on the website _URL_ -> Info -> Using the library.
You are entitled to check the information recorded about you in the library's customer register. You will be shown the information in question at the library's customer service desk when you prove your identity by presenting a valid ID card accepted by the library. The representative of a person younger than 15 years of age is entitled to get information about the guarantee's overdue loans and unpaid fees. The contact person of an institution or community is entitled to check the information about the institution or community in question.
Loans, returns and renewals
You may have simultaneously 100 loans of which 5 can be console games. The loan period varies from 1 day to 28 days. You will find specific information about the loan periods in the appendix of the user regulations. Movies and games will not be lent to a customer who does not fulfill the age limits approved by Kansallisen Audiovisuaalisen Instituutin Mediakasvatusja kuvaohjelmayksikkö MEKU (Media education and visual program unit of National Audiovisual Institute).
Due dates are on the check-out receipt. Please return your loans on the due date at the latest. You can return the material to any Helmet library during its opening hours. If you wish you can get a receipt of the return. Some libraries have so-called returning boxes. The items returned via the returning box are registered as returned on the next opening day of the library. Returning your loans via a returning box is on your own responsibility.
You will receive a notification of an approaching due date 48 hours in advance, if you have a functioning email address in the library's client register.
You can renew your loans five (5) times at the library, mobile library or in Your record at _URL_. It is not possible to renew the loans if the material has been reserved or if you have lost your right to borrow. There may be restrictions in renewing the loans. E.g. bestsellers and most objects that are to be borrowed cannot be renewed.
The first reminder of overdue loans will be sent 14 days after the due date, the second reminder 28 days after the due date. The first reminder can also be received by email. The Helmet library system also sends reminders on unpaid payments in order to avoid the expiration of the debt.
You will lose the right to borrow
- if your loans are more than 28 days overdue
- if you have lost or damaged the material of the library
- if you fail to pay your overdue fees when they have amounted to or exceeded the sum indicated in the payments appendix
An exception to the above is a borrower who has started the process of a loan arrangement and whose debt to the library belongs to the freezing of payments. In the case of a debt like this, the debtor may not be targeted by the loss of borrowing rights due to a delay in payment.
You will regain your borrowing rights
- by returning the items that are overdue
- by compensating for lost or damaged items
- by paying the accumulated fees
The restoring of the borrowing rights can take about a week depending on the method of payment. If you pay the fees to the bank account of the library, the borrowing rights are restored after the library has dealt with the payments in its own bookkeeping. If the payment has been transferred to a collection office the borrowing rights are restored only after the collection office has made the payment to the library's account and the library has checked the payment.
Reservations and interlibrary loans
You can reserve material either at the library or by logging in _URL_.
You may not have more than 50 pending reservations at the same time. You will receive a notification about reservations that can be picked up by a text message, email or letter. There may be restrictions in reserving materials.
Most libraries have a self-service pick-up shelf for reservations. The protection of customers' data will be taken into consideration when arranging the pick-up of reservations.
You can order an item as an interlibrary loan from elsewhere in Finland or abroad, if the item is not available in the collections of any Helmet library. The service is subject to a charge. If, however, the material in question is available in some scientific or special library in the metropolitan area, it cannot be ordered as an interlibrary loan.
In general, using the library is free of charge. However, fees will be charged for items returned or renewed after the due date, reservations that are not picked up, and for certain special services. The most important fees charged by the libraries are listed in the appendix of the user regulations.
The overdue fee will accrue every calendar day after the due date until it reaches the maximum amount. No overdue fee will be charged for materials from the children's and teens' departments. The overdue fee will be charged even if you fail to renew the loans due to a break in the internet connection or some other technical problem.
For a reservation that has been delivered to the pick-up shelf but not picked up by the customer, customers aged 18 or older will be charged a fee. The fee will be charged even if the pick-up notification has not arrived due to a delivery error, a fault in telecommunications, or another reason.
You must compensate for lost or damaged material. Instructions to compensate for material are to be found in the appendix of the user regulations. NB. The library is not responsible for damages which the recordings you have borrowed possibly have caused to your appliances or for those damages caused to a third person by using the library appliances.
The library uses a collection office to collect outstanding payments. The outstanding payments are transferred from the Helmet library system to the collection office used by each city library in question approximately 60 days after the due


Han and roman attitudes toward technology dbq essay
New ideas are being introduced, and innovations to current technologies are always taking place. Some may see changes in technology as a vital and helpful thing, while others may oppose. Roman upperclassmen in general had positive attitudes towards technology, as well as innovations in technology. Some higher classmen, however, looked highly upon themselves, and felt like anything not originating from their minds or hands was below them. Some philosophers had the attitude that anything they did not invent was only mediocre and sufficient, instead of excellent and great. Both authors stated in their documents that anything created by a lower classman was only mediocre in comparison to improvements in technology created by a higher classman like a philosopher.
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Han and Roman Attitudes Toward Technology Essay
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Attitudes Towards Technology in the Han and Roman Empires Free Essay Sample
Han and Roman attitudes towards technology in the late BCE and early CE pointed towards two main categories, positive and negative. Documents 1 and 8 show government officials in charge of water technology. Both show obvious support for the technology they are associated with, preventing floods or creating aqueducts for their cities. Also, their jobs require them to use technology so they must have an appreciation for it. Documents 3 and 4 describe times when the technology used to help citizens direct their water to help productivity. It is shown that both government and philosophers see a benefit of technology in society, clearly improving productivity for their whole country. Lastly, Document 6 shows Plutarch, a high government official, writing of the creation of roads that helped the mobility of horses, the organization of cities, and beauty of the land.
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Compare And Contrast Han China And Rome
In history, attitudes towards technology differed in regions due to the various factors such as religion, philosophy, and social classes that were intertwined with technology. In the period up to C. The Han and Roman's attitudes towards technology resembled each other in a variety of ways like how both empires allowed non-government workers to practice engineering and other crafts that dealt with technology. However, during the first century of B.
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Identify one additional type of document and explain briefly how it would help your analysis. The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire have different outlooks on technology, the Han Dynasty view technology as a practical application used to ease the workload of people, while the Roman Empire views certain technology as needed, despite the creator. The Han Dynasty viewed technology as a way to ease the workload.
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Home Essay Writing


text:
Neel-Schaffer helps facilitate smoother boat launches at the 'Rez'
Neel-Schaffer provided design and bidding services for the procurement and installation of a floating breakwater system to protect the Madison Landing Boat Launch facility from wave action that often makes launching recreational water craft difficult and hazardous.
Madison Landing is a recreational boat launch on the Ross Barnett Reservoir in Madison County, MS, that is operated by the Pearl River Valley Water Supply District. The $395,000 construction project, completed in Summer of 2018, provides two segments of floating concrete breakwater systems, totaling 263 feet in length, to protect the boat launch from wind-generated waves. The breakwater system is comprised of several sections of floating concrete sections connected together to form the longer segment. The sections are constructed of reinforced concrete surrounding a core made of expanded polystyrene floatation material.
The system is anchored by 12-inch steel piles driven into the soils of the lake bed. Navigation lights will help boaters locate the openings in the breakwater and avoid running into the floating units.
The project was made challenging by the fact that the boat launch and associated parking area needed to remain open to the public throughout construction. The Mississippi Department of Wildlife and Fisheries grant that provided the funds for construction required short deadlines for completion. Specialized coastal engineering expertise was required to analyze the wave/wind conditions that occur at the site. This project is the first of its kind on the Ross Barnett Reservoir.


You can call this operation to query the list of application groups.
Debugging
You can use API Explorer to perform debugging. API Explorer allows you to perform various operations to simplify API usage. For example, you can call APIs, dynamically generate SDK example code, and retrieve APIs.
Request parameters
Parameter Type Required Example Description
Action String Yes DescribeMonitorGroups
The operation that you want to perform. Set the value to DescribeMonitorGroups.
SelectContactGroups Boolean No true
Indicates whether to include associated alert contact groups in the returned results.
PageNumber Integer No 1
The number of the page. Default value: 1.
PageSize Integer No 10
The number of records on each page. Default value: 10.
Keyword String No test
The name of the application group. You can perform fuzzy search based on the application group name.
InstanceId String No xxx-1
The ID of the resource instance. You can search for the application group to which the specified instance belongs.
GroupName String No My group
The name of the application group.
Response parameters
Parameter Type Example Description
Code Integer 200
The status code. A value of 200 indicates that the call is successful.
Message String success
The status description. The Message parameter is null when the Code parameter is 200.
PageNumber Integer 1
The number of the page.
PageSize Integer 10
The number of records on each page.
RequestId String 3121AE7D-4AFF-4C25-8F1D-C8226EBB1F42
The request ID for troubleshooting.
Resources
The associated resource.
 └BindUrl String http://xxx
The URL that is synchronized from k8s.
 └ContactGroups
The alert contact group.
 └Name String Default alert contact group
The name of the alert contact group.
 └GmtCreate Long 1510286840000
The creation time. It is an integer, indicating the time that has passed since 00:00:00, January 1, 1970. Unit: millisecond.
 └GmtModified Long 1540370711000
The modification time. It is an integer, indicating the time that has passed since 00:00:00, January 1, 1970. Unit: millisecond.
 └GroupId Long 12345
The ID of the group.
 └GroupName String Application group 1
The name of the application group.
 └ServiceId String service-1
The ID of the service.
 └Type String custom
The type of the group. Valid values:
 - custom: The group is created by the user.
 - ehpc_cluster: The group is synchronized from the ehpc cluster.
 - kubernetes: The group is synchronized from k8s.
Success Boolean true
Indicates whether the call is successful. A value of true indicates that the call is successful. A value of false indicates that the call has failed.
Total Integer 10
The total number of returned records.
Examples
Sample requests
http(s)://[Endpoint]/? Action=DescribeMonitorGroups
&<Common request parameters>
Successful response examples
XML format
<DescribeMonitorGroupListResponse>
 <PageNumber>1</PageNumber>
 <PageSize>30</PageSize>
 <RequestId>31BC7201-00F2-47B2-B7B9-6A173076ACE8</RequestId>
 <Success>true</Success>
 200
 <Total>1</Total>
 <Resources>
 <Resource>
 <GroupName>demo</GroupName>
 <Type>custom</Type>
 <ContactGroups>
 <ContactGroup>
 <Name>xxx</Name>
 </ContactGroup>
 </ContactGroups>
 <ServiceId>49922</ServiceId>
 <GmtCreate>1489043796000</GmtCreate>
 <GmtModified>1525183537000</GmtModified>
 <GroupId>13263</GroupId>
 </Resource>
 </Resources>
</DescribeMonitorGroupListResponse>
JSON format
{
 "PageNumber":1,
 "PageSize":30,
 "RequestId":"31BC7201-00F2-47B2-B7B9-6A173076ACE8",
 "Success":true,
 "Code":200,
 "Total":1,
 "Resources":{
 "Resource":[
 {
 "GroupName":"demo",
 "Type":"custom",
 "ServiceId":49922,
 "ContactGroups":{
 "ContactGroup":[
 {
 "Name":"xxx"
 }
 ]
 },
 "GmtCreate":1489043796000,
 "GroupId":13263,
 "GmtModified":1525183537000
 }
 ]
 }
}
Error codes
View error codes


Acoustic investigation of choline chloride based ionic liquids analogs
Farouq S. Mjalli, Nabil M Abdel Jabbar
Research output: Contribution to journalArticle
31 Citations (Scopus)
Abstract
Despite the surge in publications related to the characterization of deep eutectic solvents (DESs), the speed of sound of these liquids was not considered. This work represents the first study to report the acoustic properties of choline chloride-based DESs (Type III). Five different hydrogen bond donors were used to synthesize the DESs and the speed of sound was measured as a function of temperature within the range: 293.15-353.15. K. In general the speed of sound was affected by the nature and molecular structure of the DES considered. A general decrease in the speed of sound with temperature was noticed for all studied DESs. Three different models were attempted to correlate the speed of sound with some basic physical properties of these DESs as well as the temperature. The Gorbachev's model was able to correlate the speed of sound for the examined DESs with an overall relative error of 0.273%. Further work needs to be done on characterizing other types of DESs (Types I, II and IV) as well as relating the speed of sound data to other physical and thermodynamic parameters.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)71-76
Number of pages6
JournalFluid Phase Equilibria
Volume381
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Nov 5 2014
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Keywords
 - Deep eutectic solvents
 - Density
 - Ionic liquids
 - Speed of sound
 - Surface tension
ASJC Scopus subject areas
 - Chemical Engineering(all)
 - Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
 - Physics and Astronomy(all)
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