Case diagram from the requirements
Assignment Help Business Management
Reference no: EM132280991
Create a UML Use Case diagram from the following requirements:
Tips: (1) Whenever you can say that "Item B is always a type of Item A," or "Item B is always a kind of Item A," that indicates that you have a generalization relationship such that Item B is the specialization and Item A is the generalization; (2) Include relationships are identified when one Use Case always uses another Use Case; (3) Extend relationships are identified when one Use Case sometimes (but not always) uses another Use Case.
"Dear Memphis" is a gift store in Memphis and plans to develop an online store system that can handle online orders and manage inventory. The following is the list of requirements that have been identified through interviews with the store manager. Based on the following requirements, pleaase develop a use case diagram:
 - Customers can browse and search for products; whenever customers view products, data should be retrieved from the inventory file.
 - Customers can place an order; when placing an order, the customer can either sign in using an existing account or create a new account.
 - When an order is placed, the system must check the inventory file first.
 - When placing an order, the customer must provide payment information; payment can be either a credit card or an electronic check.
 - When payment information is received, an order is saved as a new sale in the sales file.
 - When a new sale is made, the system automatically updates the inventory file.
 - The store manager is able to check the inventory level and generate inventory reports using the inventory file.
 - The inventory manager is able to update the inventory file as new shipments are received from suppliers.
 - USPS provides tracking information which is saved into the tracking data file.
 - Customers can look up tracking information based on the tracking data file, but customers must provide order information first to be able to look up tracking information.
 - The store manager can generate weekly sales reports using the sales file.
 - Sales clerk is a kind of store managers and can use the features available for the store manager, but sales clerks do not have access to the sales file
Reference no: EM132280991
Dining out in luogang case study
When journalist Peter Hessler was invited for lunch in the rural Chinese village of Luogang in Guangdong Province, he was in for a surprise.32 After he was seated at a table
Improving health care in rural america
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A consultant to evaluate the completeness
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Gravel trenches are narrow, stone-filled channels situated over well-draining soil that utilize the empty spaces between stones to act as a temporary reservoir for stormwater as it soaks into the surrounding soil. When they detain and infiltrate water they reduce flooding and erosion and assist in the removal of harmful contaminants from the stormwater.
On an average, the Kitsap Peninsula gets more than 40 annual inches of rain. The Kitsap Conservation District, located in Poulsbo, Washington, captures much of the rain water that falls on land surrounding their office complex in seven 10,000 gallon cisterns. In order to avoid drainage problems and manage the excess water when the cisterns are filled, a gravel infiltration trench was built in May 2022.
Planning and Design
The Conservation District decided to build a gravel infiltration trench to divert runoff from a 3,000 square foot high tunnel to the infiltration trench, once the cisterns were full.
Runoff is captured in gutters along the sides of the high tunnel structure (similar to a greenhouse), then flows into a sedimentation basin. From there it flows through an underground pipe to the trench. In the trench it enters a perforated pipe that allows the water to flow into the gravel below to replenish the groundwater.
Runoff diverted from high tunnel
Gutters alongside the high tunnel
Digging is just the first step in building a gravel infiltration trench. Construction was completed over two days and included the following.
Digging the trench
Starting to dig the 60′ long trench
Inspecting and leveling
Finished trench is 60 ft long, 5 ft across and 3 ft deep
Laying filter fabric
Filter fabric cut to length
Drape on 2 sides
Filling the trench
Trench is filled using a shoot.
Clean 3/4″ gravel is used (up to 3″ gravel is acceptable)
Checking the level
Laying the perforated pipe
Perforated pipe allows water to flow through. 4″ pipe was used
Laying the pipe the length of the trench
Connecting the inflow and overflow
Inflow on right, overflow on left
Measuring to fit pipes
Sawing pipe to fit
Covering the trench
Wrapping fabric over gravel and pipe to reduce sediment
Adding soil to cover
Gravel infiltration trench covered
The completed gravel infiltration trench
Maintaining a gravel infiltrations trench is pretty straightforward. The Kitsap Conservation District plans to:
- Remove debris when appropriate
- Weed as needed
- Mow vegetative filter strip and bag the grass clippings
Build your own
Learn more about gravel infiltration trenches on the Gravel Trench resources page.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
July-September 2007 updates for NITARP
Published: September 15, 2007
- SSC EPO and NOAO have agreed on a proposal to expand the teachers' program with the addition of about twelve new teachers and three additional research teams. One experienced teacher will be assigned to each team as a mentor.
- Two of Jeff Adkins' students, Thomas Travagli and Alekzandir Morton, wrote and submitted a proposal to conduct further observations of S5 0716+714 using Spitzer's Infrared Spectrograph to determine the redshift of this target, which is not well known. They plan to use this information to help determine the nature and temperature of the infrared bump they saw in the previous observation. The proposal was approved and submitted for scheduling.
- The Star Formation team will present an education poster at the January 2008 AAS meeting.
- The Brown Dwarf team will visit the SSC during October 14-17 to reduce and analyze data for WZ Sge. Three teachers, three students and two scientists will work on data during this visit.
- Several articles written by Spitzer teachers and students can be found in the 2007 RBSE journal at _URL_
- The teacher's Wiki has undergone a complete reorganization: _URL_


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Constructing Identities provides a refreshing overview and analysis of social constructionism's place in social psychology. Author Mike Michael offers a distinctive and coherent account that revolves around two main questions: How can social constructionism account for changes in human identities? And in what ways might social constructionism accommodate a role for nonhumans--whether technological or natural--in the constitution of identity? With interdisciplinary breadth the book locates these questions between the social psychological tradition and the highly influential contributions of actor network theory that has so dominated the sociology of scientific knowledge. The fruitful mix of these traditions sustains a clear and coherent discussion of how issues around agency, hybridity, marginality, and the "other" can contribute to a better understanding of human identity.
Constructing Identities will be invaluable reading for students and academics in social psychology, the sociology of scientific knowledge, and anyone addressing the central issue of identity.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The topology statement consists of information about ''residues" that combine to form a particular macromolecule. The data include descriptions of atoms, assignments of covalent bonds (connectivity), bond angles, and other information. The information provided by the topology statement is used by the segment statement and the patch statement to generate the molecular structure.
X-PLOR, like many other macromolecular mechanics/dynamics packages, can use a classification scheme that employs chemical atom types. This system of atom classification makes force fields transferable between groups that are almost equivalent and thereby allows one definition to work for all or almost all instances of that type of atom. The specific atom classifications can be arbitrarily defined by the user. The parameters of chemical atom types are given in the parameter statement (Section 3.2.1). Electric charges are specified on an individual atom basis, since they are less transferable than stereochemical parameters. For historical reasons, atomic masses may also be specified on an individual atom basis, but there exists the mass statement outside the residue statement that assigns default atomic masses on a basis of chemical atom type. Apart from the type-based parameter retrieval, X-PLOR also provides atom-based parameter statements (Section 3.2), which allow one to specify any parameter on a per-atom basis.


Grieving Process Compared to a Pinball MachineA person working through the different stages of grief may unpredictably bounce around from one stage to another, popping back and forth between emotions such as shock, anger or depression.
This process can be compared to the workings of a pinball machine, said the researchers of a new study published in the Mental Health Practice journal.
Margaret Baier, Ph.D., of Baylor University and Ruth Buechsel, Psy.D., of Brooke Army Medical Center in Texas, explain that researchers are not trying to portray the stages of grief as a game or downplay the experience, but that the comparison can help people understand that grieving is not a linear process.
Similar to a pinball machine, there are triggers which can extend or even restart the grieving process. For example, a trigger could be the anniversary of a death or a special event that a grieving person once shared with their deceased loved one.
This pinball model can be used by healthcare professionals during therapy to show grieving people that their emotions are normal. It may also be adaptable to help those suffering through a separation, divorce, loss of employment or financial loss, said the researchers.
In the literature, the authors highlight various models and factors considered helpful with coping and adjusting during bereavement. However, they add, many of the models are misinterpreted as linear.
Patients suffering through the death of a loved one often report feeling as though they are "bouncing" from one stage to another, which elicited the image of a pinball.
The researchers say their model illustrates the grieving process in a way that helps bereaved people see and understand the emotional process they are experiencing, which in turn helps them normalize and move through the grieving experience.
This normalization may help people relax and better process grief, while offering them a sense of assurance in a seemingly chaotic time. It also helps them be prepared when grief is triggered by other events or prolonged, as in the process of complicated grief.
Source: Mental Health Practice


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healthy products.
Alternative-2: High level Acquisition of Health associated Business
Another alternative option to achieve the possible growth and lower the criticism is to obtain the health related business at a high level. Financial investment in these type of companies would allow Digital Certificates And Signatures Microsoft Corporation Case Study Help to introduce a large range of much healthier products within a short time duration with no requirement of substantial research study and development expenditures. The benefits and drawbacks related to alternative 3 are given below:
- Saving of huge amount of research and development costs for new product development.
- Incorporation of brand-new products within two years.
- Capability to target a great deal of consumers i.e. health mindful consumers.
- Reduction of the criticism of environmental worried societies and neighborhood advancement organizations.
- Satisfaction of the social responsibility by payment of the harmful products with healthy products.
- The acquisition may not prove to alter the image of Digital Certificates And Signatures Microsoft Corporation Case Study Help as in case of Quaker Oats.
- Requirement of substantial amount of capital.
- Danger of failure of the new items in the market i.e. consumers may not like the taste and might decline the healthier items due to the addicting nature of dangerous items.
- The hazardous items in the item portfolio might make the incorporation of healthy items stop working to reduce criticism.
Aletrnative-3: Replacement of Hazardous Products with Healthy Products in the Portfolio
Another alternative option for Digital Certificates And Signatures Microsoft Corporation Case Study Solution is to replace all of its dangerous products with much healthier products. This could be a huge shift in business strategy and business design at company. The replacement of dangerous products with healthier products would totally change the marketplace position of the company and would require a a great deal of needed steps to be taken. The benefits and drawbacks related to alternative 3 are provided listed below:
- Modification of market position of Digital Certificates And Signatures Microsoft Corporation Case Study Analysis
- Capability to target a great deal of customers i.e. health mindful customers.
- End of all of the criticism of ecological worried societies and neighborhood advancement companies.
- Satisfaction of the social obligation
- Risk of failure of the brand-new items in the market i.e. customers may not like the taste and might not accept the much healthier items due to the addictive nature of dangerous products.
- Substantial expense of research study and development required to develop new healthy items.
- Staff member may resist over the change in the business design and business strategy.
- Variety of years required for the execution.
- Shift of focus from the core proficiencies.
With the deep analysis of the business's CSR, problems faced by the company and the current market circumstance, Case Study Help is recommended to consider alternative 2 of high level of acquisition of health associated business. As the acquisitions would enable the company to conserve of big amount of research and development expenses for new product development. Along with it, acquisitions would enable incorporation of brand-new products within 2 years along with the ability to target big number of consumers.
This Digital Certificates And Signatures Microsoft Corporation case study is writen by : Ali Farhoomand


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Of course, atoms don¢‚¬t really have feelings. But they do have observable behaviors. And atoms tend to be more stable, or ¢‚¬Å"happy, when they have certain numbers of electrons whizzing around their cores. Where do they find extra electrons if they need more to be happy? From other atoms that have too many electrons, of course! When atoms share or exchange electrons to be happy, they stick together. Happy atoms form molecules!‚
After a molecule is discovered, the app presents information about it, including its composition, usage, properties, hazards, formula, and structure. The app can recognize up to 10,000 molecules. It presents in-depth information about 160 molecules and general information about the rest.
Many people think of chemistry as complicated and hard to grasp. New technology now enables us to take this innovative approach to teaching chemistry, making it more tangible and instinctive than ever before. Requires a tablet or smartphone running iOS or Android. See app stores for specific device requirements.
Download the App:
 - Device requirements: See app stores for details.
 - iOS: iPad or iPhone running iOS 10 (or later). Supports iPhone X XS and XR screens‚
 - Android: Tablet or smartphone running Android 4.4 (or later) with 1GB RAM minimum dual-core processor built-in camera and chipset support for Open GL 3.0+.


text:
R. Miller, M. Ortiz, R. Phillips, V. B. Shenoy and E. B. Tadmor
Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 61, 427–444 (1998).
The development of modeling tools which allow for the simultaneous treatment
of scales ranging from Angstroms to microns has stood out as one of the main
challenges in materials modeling. In this paper we discuss a formulation of
the quasicontinuum (QC) method that allows for a treatment of internal
interfaces, opening the possibility of simulating the interactions of cracks,
dislocations and grain boundaries. The model is applied to crack tip
deformation and is shown to account for both brittle fracture and crack tip
dislocation emission. A key example of the method is the treatment of a crack
propagating into a grain boundary which reveals both migration of the boundary
and that the boundary is a source for the emission of dislocations.


How do you cut an OLE object in AutoCAD?
How do you clip an OLE object in AutoCAD?
document by just double clicking it in Word. DWFATTACH and clip away.
How do I edit an OLE object in AutoCAD?
Editing OLE Objects. Linked or embedded OLE objects can be edited in a drawing by double-clicking the object to open the source application. You can use any selection method to select OLE objects and then you can use most editing commands, the Properties palette, or grips to make changes.
How do I resize an OLE object in AutoCAD?
To Change the Size of an OLE Object
 1. Right-click an OLE object. Click Properties.
12 окт. 2017 г.
How do you cut out a shape in AutoCAD?
To Trim an Object
 1. Click Home tab Modify panel Trim. Find.
IT IS INTERESTING: Frequent question: How do you fix disassociated annotations in AutoCAD?
11 янв. 2018 г.
What is Ole AutoCAD?
How do I crop an image in AutoCAD?
Right-click the AutoCAD drawing and click Crop Tool. until only the portion of the drawing, picture, or object that you want is visible.
How do you make an OLE object?
Creating a New OLE Object
 1. Click Insert > Object.
 2. In the dialog box, select Create New.
 3. In the Object Type box, click the type of document you want to create (for example, Microsoft Excel Worksheet). …
 4. Select Display As Icon for the new object to appear as an icon.
 5. Click OK. …
 6. Edit the object as though you were working in the parent application.
To Embed an OLE Object in a Drawing
 1. Open the document in the source application.
 3. Open the drawing.
 4. Click Home tab Utilities panel Paste. Find.
 5. Specify a point to locate the object.
30 мар. 2020 г.
How do I import Excel data into AutoCAD?
Importing Excel spreadsheet tables into AutoCAD-based products
 2. In AutoCAD, on the Edit menu, click Paste Special.
 3. In the Paste Special dialog box, select the AutoCAD Entities option. This will create an AutoCAD table that can be formatted to match the linetype and text style.
IT IS INTERESTING: Is i3 10th Gen good for AutoCAD?
1 нояб. 2014 г.
How do I resize an image in Autocad?
 1. Type LINE on the command line and press Enter.
How do I change ole excel to Autocad?
 1. Click Edit menu OLE Links.
 2. In the Links dialog box, select the links you want to update.
 3. Click Update Now.
29 мар. 2020 г.
How do I edit a table in AutoCAD?
Here's how:
 1. Set an appropriate layer current. …
 2. On the Home tab's Annotation panel, click Table. …
 3. Choose a table style from the Table Style drop-down list.
 4. Choose an insertion behavior: …
 5. Specify column and row settings. …
 6. Click OK. …
 7. Click a point or type coordinates: …
 8. Type a title for the table.
Why trim is not working in AutoCAD?
What is offset command in AutoCAD?
IT IS INTERESTING: Quick Answer: How do I add a workspace in AutoCAD?
How do I fill a 3D hole in AutoCAD?
House 3D


your i's: Message Redaction. Since patient chat contents are client-side encrypted with keys that never make it to your backend, it's practically impossible to tell whether the Firestore-stored messages on the backend are sensitive health data or something totally benign. But this isn't enough for HIPAA. So in order to meet HIPAA's requirements, we implemented a data redaction feature in the sample apps. This feature deletes messages immediately following a successful message delivery to all users. This way, HIPAA considers your chat to be a "conduit," i.e. only a message delivery tool that doesn't store the data beyond delivery, which exempts the messaging function completely from HIPAA.
For the important details, check out our whitepaper at _URL_
What happens if my user loses her device with the private key on it?
As in the sample, your messages are local-only (Firebase is only an intermediate delivery system), so the messages will be lost with the phone. However, if there's (non-patient) data that you want to permanently store encrypted in Firebase, there's a solution for lost devices/keys.
Drumroll, please… Imagine a private key that can be lost, and you don't have to worry about losing your encrypted data. Or, imagine a private key that you can use between devices without needing to transfer the key around (WOW!). This special key is called "BrainKey": a strong cryptographic key that's based on your user's PASSWORD. Every time you capture your user's password, you can re-generate the same private key, so it won't be lost with the device:

let brainKeyContext = BrainKeyContext.makeContext(
accessTokenProvider: accessTokenProvider)
let brainKey = BrainKey(context: brainKeyContext)
// Generate default public/private Curve ED25519 keypair
let keyPair = try! brainKey.generateKeyPair(
password: "Your password",
brainKeyId: "Your id here").startSync().getResult()
Here's how to implement your user private key recovery:
 1. At signup, generate a BrainKey right after you generate your user's private key.
 2. Encrypt the user's private key with her BrainKey's public key.
 3. Store the encrypted private key in your Firestore where you store the user's profile data.
 4. At login-time, re-generate the BrainKey from her password.
 5. Download the encrypted user private key from Firestore.
 6. Decrypt it with the BrainKey, and Voila! You have a way to recover the key if a device is lost.
How do you deal with a forgotten password and lost device at the same time? Use a concatenated string of 3 secret answers as a password to generate a secondary BrainKey for your users. Use this secondary BrainKey in the same way as you do the password BrainKey: encrypt, then later "unlock" the user private key. Now you have a user lockout solution with 3 secret questions+answers!
Get started on your HIPAA-compliant secure Firebase Chat app
We've put together a video tutorial to help you get started with our Firebase SDK. First, register for a free Virgil account at _URL_ and follow the steps to create an End-to-End Encrypted app.
If you have any questions, join our Slack channel and chat with us!
Want to learn more? Sign up for our free webinars held each Thursday in August at 10 AM Pacific time.
Virgil Security, Inc. enables developers to eliminate passwords & encrypt everything, in hours, without having to become security experts. Learn more at VirgilSecurity.com.
Next
Faces of Virgil Security – Dmytro Matviiv
Rebecca YarbroughAugust 10th, 2018


Sat. May 25th, 2024
How to Solve errordomain=nscocoaerrordomain&errormessage=could not find the specified shortcut.&errorcode=4?
errordomain=nscocoaerrordomain&errormessage=could not find the specified shortcut.&errorcode=4
Encountering the enigmatic error message "errordomain=nscocoaerrordomain&errormessage=could not find the specified shortcut.&errorcode=4" on your device can be a perplexing experience. However, fear not, as this error, although cryptic, is not without a solution. In this comprehensive guide, we'll delve into each step with detailed explanations and strategies to troubleshoot and resolve this issue.
Understanding the Error errordomain=nscocoaerrordomain&errormessage=could not find the specified shortcut.&errorcode=4
Before embarking on the journey to resolve the error, it's crucial to grasp its significance. Essentially, this error indicates a failure to locate a specified shortcut within the system, commonly observed in macOS or iOS environments. Understanding the nature of the error lays the groundwork for effective troubleshooting.
Rebooting Your Device
In the realm of tech troubleshooting, the age-old adage of "have you tried turning it off and on again?" often holds true. A simple reboot can work wonders in resolving various software glitches, including the elusive error at hand. By initiating a fresh start, you provide your device with the opportunity to recalibrate and potentially rectify the underlying issue causing the error.
Checking Internet Connection
In our increasingly interconnected digital world, many shortcuts rely on online resources to function seamlessly. Thus, it's imperative to ensure that your internet connection is stable and operational. A poor or intermittent connection could impede your device's ability to locate the requisite shortcut, leading to the error message.
Updating Software
errordomain=nscocoaerrordomain&errormessage=could not find the specified shortcut.&errorcode=4
Outdated software is a breeding ground for compatibility issues and errors. Therefore, one of the initial steps in troubleshooting this error is to check for and install any available updates for your operating system and relevant applications. Software updates often contain bug fixes and patches that address known issues, potentially including the error you're encountering.
Verifying Shortcut Path
The error message explicitly references a specific shortcut, indicating a failure to locate it within the designated path. In this step, your task is to meticulously verify the pathway of the shortcut in question. Ensure that it indeed exists in the specified location and hasn't been inadvertently moved, renamed, or deleted.
Clearing Cache and Temporary Files
Cache and temporary files serve a vital function in enhancing the performance of applications. However, they can also become corrupted or bloated over time, leading to unexpected errors. Clearing these temporary files and cache data can often alleviate underlying issues and restore normal functionality to your device.
Resetting Preferences
Applications often rely on user-defined preferences to tailor the user experience to individual preferences. However, these preferences can sometimes become corrupted or misconfigured, resulting in errors such as the one you're facing. Resetting the preferences for the application associated with the error can serve as a troubleshooting step to restore functionality.
Checking File Permissions
File permissions dictate the level of access and control that users have over specific files and directories. Inadequate permissions can hinder your device's ability to access the necessary shortcut, leading to the error message. Therefore, it's essential to verify that the user account you're using has appropriate permissions to access the shortcut and its associated files.
Running Disk Utility
Disk-related errors can manifest in various forms, including the error you're encountering. Disk Utility, a built-in tool in macOS, serves as a diagnostic and repair tool for disk-related issues. Running Disk Utility can help identify and rectify any underlying disk errors that may be contributing to the error message.
Recreating Shortcut
errordomain=nscocoaerrordomain&errormessage=could not find the specified shortcut.&errorcode=4
If all previous attempts fail to resolve the errordomain=nscocoaerrordomain&errormessage=could not find the specified shortcut.&errorcode=4, it may be necessary to take more drastic measures, such as recreating the shortcut from scratch. Deleting the existing shortcut and recreating it anew provides a clean slate and eliminates any potential underlying issues with the original shortcut.
Consulting Official Documentation
In the realm of tech troubleshooting, knowledge is power. Consulting the official documentation or support resources for the application or operating system can provide valuable insights and guidance. Developers often provide specific troubleshooting steps tailored to address common issues, including the error you're facing.
Searching Online Forums and Communities
The collective wisdom of online forums and communities can be an invaluable resource in troubleshooting technical issues. By searching for the error message you're encountering, you may discover that others have faced similar challenges and found effective solutions. Participating in these communities can also provide an avenue for seeking personalized assistance and advice.
Contacting Customer Support
When all else fails, don't hesitate to reach out to customer support for assistance. Provide them with detailed information about the error message and the steps you've already taken to troubleshoot it. Customer support representatives are trained to assist users in resolving technical issues and can often provide tailored guidance to address your specific situation.
Considering Professional Help
In rare cases, the error may be indicative of a more significant underlying issue with your device or software. If all attempts at resolution prove futile, consider seeking assistance from a professional technician or IT specialist. These experts possess the expertise and tools necessary to diagnose and address complex technical issues effectively.
Backing Up and Reinstalling
As a last resort, backing up your data and performing a clean reinstall of the operating system may be necessary to resolve persistent errors. While this step is more time-consuming and drastic, it effectively resets your device to a pristine state, potentially eliminating any lingering issues causing the error.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while encountering the enigmatic "errordomain=nscocoaerrordomain&errormessage=could not find the specified shortcut.&errorcode=4" error can be a frustrating experience, it's not an insurmountable obstacle. By diligently following the outlined steps and employing a systematic approach to troubleshooting, you can effectively resolve the error and restore normal functionality to your device.
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Washington's source for compelling television and inspiring classical music. Donate Online
If you haven't seen it yet, make sure to check out the Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington's new online exhibit, "Jewish Life in Mr. Lincoln's City, _PHONE_." The exhibit, which launched yesterday, provides an interesting look at Civil War Washington through the lens of the Jewish experience in our fair city.
The exhibit features reflections by Jewish soldiers stationed in the capital and highlights specific individuals who played major roles on both sides of the conflict -- people like Dr. Charles Liebermann who attended to President Lincoln the night he was shot and Eugenia Levy Phillips who spied for the Confederacy and was known as a "fire-eating secessionist in skirts." The site also tracks the growth of the Jewish communities in Washington and Alexandria throughout the war.
It's no coincidence that the exhibit launched December 17, an important -- if also notorious -- date in American Jewish history. That was the date General Ulysses S. Grant issued General Order No. 11 in 1862, which expelled all Jewish people from his military district, comprised of areas of Tennessee, Mississippi and Kentucky.
The backlash was swift. Within days, President Lincoln received hundreds of angry letters -- many from B'nai B'rith chapters -- expressing outrage at the policy. In early January 1863, Cesar Kaskel of Paducah, Kentucky, led a Jewish delegation to meet with the President. After the meeting, Lincoln revoked the order.
The order remained a stain on Grant as he entered politics after the war. As President, he took steps to improve his relationship with the American Jewry, including attending the dedication of the Adas Israel synagogue in Washington in 1876. The first President to attend a synagogue service, he remained for the entire three-hour service and made a $10 donation ($200 in today's money) to the synagogue's building fund.
For more on Grant's Order No. 11 and his relationship with the Jewish people, check out the WETA Extra video below.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
It's Only Natural: Evaluating Natural Language Dialogs
Your decision on whether to use a natural dialog approach instead of a directed dialog in an IVR application will directly affect the cost, effort and maintenance of the system. This article will give you a process that you can use to make the right decision.
Natural Dialogs versus Directed Dialogs
A natural dialog is one in which the prompts, grammars and dialog flow are modeled and designed to more closely simulate a real conversation between two people. Natural dialogs allow the human to participate in controlling the dialog flow. Directed dialogs on the other hand use a pre-defined set of steps and usually occur in a sequential, linear fashion.
Directed dialogs are modeled in a dialog-flow fashion, similar to a call-flow for touch tone IVRs. Natural dialogs, on the other hand, typically utilize a finite state model where dialogs are executed based on the state of one or more variables.
There isn't a clear dividing line between directed dialogs and natural dialogs however; nor is there an agreed upon approach as to how they should be developed. Directed dialogs may certainly use a mixed initiative dialog as a shortcut mechanism for power users; and natural dialogs will certainly use directed dialogs.
Developers usually differentiate between directed and natural dialogs in terms of whether or not the dialog is mixed initiative. A mixed initiative dialog allows callers to fill multiple form field slots in a single utterance. For example, the utterance, "nineteen ninety ford escort" might fill the year, make and model fields with a single utterance, as opposed to three separate prompts. This illustrates one potential description of a natural dialog versus a directed dialog; not necessarily because it's mixed initiative, but because it is probably more natural to speak all three pieces of information during a phone conversation if you were describing the type of car you were selling (for example).
What is important to understand is that while researchers have tested various natural dialog approaches, there is no "right way" or set of guidelines that will help you create natural dialogs. I think this may have something to do with the fact that scientists don't understand the natural human speech machine in enough detail to effectively model it on a computer. So, remember, the definition of a natural dialog is a bit ambiguous and certainly open to interpretation. In fact, in some cases, a directed dialog may in fact be more natural than a mixed initiative dialog.
Evaluate the Existing Environment
There are three common environments that I see which affect design decisions:
The company has an existing touch-tone IVR that they want to upgrade to speech to reduce call times or reduce the number of callers that bail out of the IVR to a live rep. In this situation, introducing a new approach to callers that use the system regularly may actually cause more harm than good, because while the number of new callers pressing zero may be reduced, more experienced callers may become frustrated with the new interface and end up bailing out. If the percentage of repeat callers is high, and the ratio of repeat callers to new callers is high, then the end result could actually be more callers bailing out than before. Great care must be taken in transitioning to a new system. A recommended approach would be to gradually introduce speech into the application in a way that allows callers to slowly become acclimated to the new interface. Of course, the speech interface must be as good or better than the existing touch-tone system. For example, if the speech system is nothing more than a voice activated menu, callers may become frustrated with the new interface when they experience recognition errors, (which rarely occur with a touch-tone system). When upgrading a touch-tone system, a natural language system may be too radical a change for users and could result in more bail-outs.
The speech IVR system is going to automate what a real person
does on the phone now.
In this case it will be important to analyze the existing call flow. Unless the calls are entirely scripted, most human dialogs tend to be composed of a series of open-ended dialogs that each have a goal or milestone, which may also depend on the results of a previous dialog. When analyzing the calls, you want to be listening for these dialog milestones. You can usually spot a dialog milestone by listening for a dialog transition. A dialog transition occurs when one participant changes the topic or focus of the conversation. For example, "Ok, now I need to get your credit card information". When a transition occurs, it usually signals the end of a previous dialog. Dialogs will normally have data points in which one participant communicates a piece of information that translates into a form field value. This sounds easy enough because you can translate this into VoiceXML dialogs. The difficulty is that human speech is usually much more complicated. The caller may change their mind midstream about a previous data point during a subsequent dialog after the transition has already occured. For example, "Actually, I need two widgets instead of one, and I want to pay with a Visa card, but only if you can ship it overnight, otherwise I'd like to pay COD with something like UPS". This instruction is easy enough to process for a human, but incredibly complex for a computer. Another caller might flip back and forth between logical dialogs in a conversation.
There are two things to consider when evaluating how to automate an existing human dialog interface. First, will it be feasible to break down the human dialog interaction into discrete directed dialog components so that callers will be able to communicate the same information to the computer instead of a person in about the same amount of time? When analyzing the conversation, it may seem at first that this would be impossible, but as you listen to many dialogs, you will be able to identify common dialogs that can be broken down into discrete dialog components.
Second, will a directed dialog be usable from the caller's perspective? Will the directed dialog be so different than the human dialog that callers will become very confused and simply not use the system? Maybe not. If the human agent asks the same series of questions for every call, then a directed dialog would actually be more natural than trying to consolidate the conversation in a more mixed initiative dialog.
On the other hand, if the entire conversation is dynamic and unscripted, it may actually be impossible to create a directed dialog. It is in these cases, creating a series of open-ended mixed initiative dialog may make the most sense.
The IVR is a new application that will stand on its own or extend a Web application.
This is potentially the most difficult environment to work in, because you have to make a lot of assumptions about how the speech dialog "should" occur whereas in the previous two scenarios, we have existing calls that can be analyzed. Additionally, when integrating an IVR system with an existing Web application, some people have a tendency to think of the IVR in terms of it being a telephone mirror of the Web application, when in the fact the interfaces may necessarily be very different. The one advantage of integrating a speech IVR with an existing Web application is that somebody has already gone through the pain of breaking down the business logic into a programmatic structure. There is also the benefit of not having an existing call flow to analyze; there isn't a legacy of expectations that have to be considered in deciding whether or not to use a natural mixed initiative dialog. If it turns out that an open-ended dialog will be the most natural and efficient way to program the application, we are free to do that (except for resource and time constraints of course).


> Docs Center > IDL Reference > Advanced Math and Stats > IMSL_HYPOTH_TEST
IMSL_HYPOTH_TEST
IMSL_HYPOTH_TEST
The IMSL_HYPOTH_TEST function performs tests for a multivariate general linear hypothesis HβU = G given the hypothesis sums of squares and crossproducts matrix SH.
This routine requires an IDL Advanced Math and Stats license. For more information, contact your sales or technical support representative.
IMSL_HYPOTH_TEST computes test statistics and p-values for the general linear hypothesis HβU = G for the multivariate general linear model.
The hypothesis sum of squares and crossproducts matrix input in scph is:
where C is a solution to RTC = H and where D is a diagonal matrix with diagonal elements:
Error sum of squares and crossproducts matrix for model Y = Xβ + ε is:
which is input in IMSL_MULTIREGRESS. The error sum of squares and crossproducts matrix for the hypothesis HβU = G computed by IMSL_HYPOTH_TEST is:
Let p equal the order of the matrices SE and SH, i.e.:
Let q (stored in dfh) be the degrees of freedom for the hypothesis. Let v (input in info_v) be the degrees of freedom for error. The IMSL_HYPOTH_TEST function computed three test statistics based on eigenvalues λi (i =1 , 2, ... p) of the
generalized eigenvalue problem SHx = λSEx. These test statistics are as follows:
Wilk's lambda:
The associated p-value is based on an approximation discussed by Rao (1973, p. 556). The statistic:
has an approximate F distribution with pq and mspq/2 + 1 numerator and denominator degrees of freedom, respectively, where:
and:
The F test is exact if min(p, q) ≤ 2 (Kshirsagar, 1972, Theorem 4, p. _PHONE_).
Roy's maximum root:
c = max λi over all i
where c is output as value = ROY_MAX_ROOT(0). The p-value is based on the approximation:
where s = max(p, q) has an approximate F distribution with s and υ + qs numerator and denominator degrees of freedom, respectively. The F test is exact if s = 1; the p-value is also exact. In general, the value output in p_value = ROY_MAX_ROOT(1) is lower bound on the actual p-value.
Hotelling's trace:
U is output as value = HOTELLING_TRACE(0). The p-value is based on the approximation of McKeon (1974) that supersedes the approximation of Hughes and Saw (1972). McKeon's approximation is also discussed by Seber (1984, p. 39). For:
the p-value is based on the result that:
has an approximate F distribution with pq and b degrees of freedom. The test is exact if min(p, q) = 1. For υp + 1, the approximation is not valid, and p-value = HOTELLING_TRACE(1) is set to NaN.
These three test statistics are valid when SE is positive definite. A necessary condition for SE to be positive definite is υp. If SE is not positive definite, a warning error message is issued, and both value and the p-value are set to NaN.
Because the requirement υp can be a serious drawback, IMSL_HYPOTH_TEST computes a fourth test statistic based on eigenvalues θi (i = 1, 2, ..., p) of the generalized eigenvalue problem SHw = θ(SH + SE) w. This test statistic requires a less restrictive assumption; SH + SE is positive definite. A necessary condition for SH + SE to be positive definite is υ + qp. If SE is positive definite, IMSL_HYPOTH_TEST avoids the computation of the generalized eigenvalue problem from scratch. In this case, the eigenvalues θi are obtained from λi by:
The fourth test statistic is as follows:
Pillai's trace:
V is output as value = PILLAI_TRACE(0). The p-value is based on an approximation discussed by Pillai (1985). The statistic:
has an approximate F distribution with s(2m + s + 1) and s(2n + s + 1) numerator and denominator degrees of freedom, respectively, where:
s = min(p, q)
m = 1/2(|p - q| – 1)
n = 1/2(υ - p – 1)
The F test is exact if min(p, q) = 1.
Examples
Example 1
The data for this example are from Maindonald (1984, p. 20310204). A multivariate regression model containing two dependent variables and three independent variables is fit using IMSL_MULTIREGRESS and the results stored in Info_v. The sum of squares and crossproducts matrix, scph, is then computed using HYPOYH_SCPH for the test that the third independent variable is in the model (determined by specification of h). Finally, IMSL_HYPOTH_TEST is used to compute the p-value for the test statistic (Wilk's lambda).
x = TRANSPOSE([[7.0, 5.0, 6.0], [2.0, -1.0, 6.0], $
 [7.0, 3.0, 5.0], [-3.0, 1.0, 4.0], [2.0, -1.0, 0.0], $
 [2.0, 1.0, 7.0], [-3.0, -1.0, 3.0], [2.0, 1.0, 1.0], $
 [2.0, 1.0, 4.0]])
y = TRANSPOSE([[7.0, 1.0], [-5.0, 4.0], [6.0, 10.0], $
 [5.0, 5.0], [5.0, -2.0], [-2.0, 4.0], [0.0, -6.0], $
 [8.0, 2.0], [3.0, 0.0]])
h = FLTARR(1, 4)
h(*) = 0
h(0, 3) = 1.0
coefs = IMSL_MULTIREGRESS(x, y, Predict_Info = p)
scph = IMSL_HYPOTH_SCPH(p, h, Dfh = dfh)
pvalue = IMSL_HYPOTH_TEST(p, dfh, scph)
PM, pvalue, format = '(F10.6)', Title = 'P-value'
IDL prints:
P-value
0.000010
Example 2
This example is the same as the first example, but more statistics are computed. Also, the U matrix, U, is explicitly specified as the identity matrix (which is the same default configuration of U).
x = TRANSPOSE([[7.0, 5.0, 6.0], [2.0, -1.0, 6.0], $
 [7.0, 3.0, 5.0], [-3.0, 1.0, 4.0], [2.0, -1.0, 0.0], $
 [2.0, 1.0, 7.0], [-3.0, -1.0, 3.0], [2.0, 1.0, 1.0], $
 [2.0, 1.0, 4.0]])
y = TRANSPOSE([[7.0, 1.0], [-5.0, 4.0], [6.0, 10.0], $
 [5.0, 5.0], [5.0, -2.0], [-2.0, 4.0], [0.0, -6.0], $
 [8.0, 2.0], [3.0, 0.0]])
h = FLTARR(1, 4)
h(*) = 0
h(0, 3) = 1.0
u = [[1, 0], [0, 1]]
coefs = IMSL_MULTIREGRESS(x, y, Predict_Info = p)
scph = IMSL_HYPOTH_SCPH(p, h, Dfh = dfh)
pvalue = IMSL_HYPOTH_TEST(p, dfh, scph, U = u, $
 Wilk_Lambda = wilk_lambda, Roy_Max_Root = roy_max_root, $
 Hotelling_Trace = hotelling_trace, $
 Pillai_Trace = pillai_trace)
PRINT, 'Wilk value


text:
1 Department of Marketing and Statistics, Aarhus School of Business, Aarhus BSS, Aarhus University2 MAPP - Centre for Research on Customer Relations in the Food Sector, Aarhus School of Business, Aarhus BSS, Aarhus University3 Department of Management, Aarhus BSS, Aarhus University4 Department of Management, Aarhus BSS, Aarhus University
This paper discusses the food distribution systems of six Eastern European countries. It considers the macro and task environments of distribution systems, discussing the constraints and opportunities the environments present to companies. The institutional structure of retailing and wholesaling are analysed and important developments in the institutional structure are noted. The internal political economy of distribution channels in Eastern Europe is analysed and the modernisation of distribution systems discussed. Finally, some conclusions are offered and areas for future research suggested.
MAPP; Food distribution systems; Eastern Europe; Fødevaredistribution; Østeuropa


text:
History of Horse Boarding at WRSHP
History of Horse Boarding at WRSHP
For most of the last 50 years, privately owned horses could be boarded at the stables and pastures of WRSHP. Unfortunately, the demands of running a boarding stable sometimes conflicted with preserving the Park as a public memorial to Will Rogers. Horse boarding—for the explicit purpose of establishing a regular polo program—began in 1952. At first, there were 19 boarded horses, but by 1968 there were 85 horses. By 1974 the limit had been raised to 100 horses, but 114 were actually living at the Park. During Will Rogers' lifetime, only 20 to 30 horses were on the ranch. The growth in boarding accompanied increasing public complaints of exclusivity and monopoly, finally provoking an investigation by the State Auditor General in 1974. The Auditor General found that the concessionaire had constructed new facilities without approval, and that the number of horses maintained in the park consistently exceeded the allowable maximum. It also reported testimony that the public was effectively excluded from some parts of the unit.
The Department adopted a Horse Management Plan in September, 1979. The objective of the plan was to provide more access for the visiting public and complete interpretation of the grounds at the Park. It contained the following policies:
- Continue horse presence in the unit;
- Continue polo games;
- Limit horses stabled on the grounds to 32;
- Restore Hart and Mitt Canyons [which had been cluttered with pipe corrals]; and
- Maintenance of the Stable should be a Department responsibility.
This plan remained in effect as a Commission policy until superseded in 1992 by a General Plan for the Park. The General Plan raised the maximum number of boarded horses from 32 to 45. A series of concessionaires ran equestrian activities at the Park until 1997. Initially, the Department received no fees from the concessionaires, who were expected to maintain the Polo Field in exchange for use of the facilities.
Beginning in 1963, the Department began receiving payments as well as specifying maintenance obligations. By 1967 Park managers were beginning to look to these contracts as a source of revenue. Although the Department had separate contracts for polo, riding lessons, and trail riding, it decided to combine all equestrian operations into a single concession. The idea was that a single equestrian operation would "be allowed to generate sufficient income to maintain all facilities and to coordinate all horse activities." The goal of generating income to maintain all Park facilities seems to have driven subsequent concession contracts.
By the early 1960s, complaints were mounting about the concessions. Under the initial polo contract, there was a great deal of resentment at the so-called monopoly that the concessionaire enjoyed. Once other equestrian activities were added to the concession contract, there were complaints that the number of horses exceeded the contract limit, and that the horses caused erosion problems.
By the early 1980s, the Department received citizen complaints of irregularities in the polo operation, of failure to maintain the facilities, and of exclusion of non-boarder equestrians from the park. At about this time, Will Rogers' family began to express concerns over restricting public access to the Park and inadequate maintenance of the historic Stable. Other public comments received on the draft General Plan expressed concern that the equestrian activities offered did not reflect those of the historic era, when Will Rogers played polo and enjoyed roping on his ranch. To balance the concerns about the historic Stable and the need to generate revenue to maintain the Park, the General Plan allows only 10 horses to be boarded in the stable, while raising the total number in the park to 45.
In the early 1990s, the Will Rogers Cooperative Association ran the concession. The Association's goal was to use the funds generated by the equestrian operations to restore the historic facilities and support interpretive programs. Perhaps exacerbated by the immediate need to remove boarded horses from the Stable during the restoration of that structure, their tenure was involved from the beginning in controversy with the boarders and the polo club.
When the Cooperative Association's four-year tenure ended in 1997, the Department attempted to change its approach to the situation. It contracted with a manager to run the equestrian operations, while turning maintenance of the Stable over to Park staff. When criticism continued, a second management contract was tried. Finally, the Department established the equestrian operation as a lease in February, 2000.


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1. Ms. A works as a sales-coordinator in a food company. A new male colleague reported for duty last week with the job title of "administration officer". Ms. A knows that they are both doing administrative work, but with different job titles. The thing she considers unfair is that the salary of that male colleague is higher than hers by $2,000. Is this unlawful under the Sex Discrimination Ordinance?
If it can be proved that the two persons have similar qualifications and are doing similar work, but Ms. A is paid less and afforded lower status due to her gender/sex, this may amount to unlawful sex discrimination.
The Equal Opportunities Commission has given some guidelines in relation to the terms and conditions of employment for both genders (including remuneration and job title). For details, please refer to clause 12 of the Code of Practice of Employment under the SDO (issued by the Commission).
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I'm trying to plot an implicit function satisfying a complex transcendental equation. The code is the following:
ContourPlot[(e (-1 + e^2) l (-3 + 2 e^2 - l^2) Cosh[2 Sqrt[1 - e^2]] +
 (-1 + e^2) (-1 + l^2) (e l Cos[2] - I (1 + l^2) Sin[2]) + Sqrt[1 - e^2]
 (I - I l^4 - 2 e (-2 + e^2) l Sqrt[-e^2 + l^2]) Sinh[2 Sqrt[1 - e^2]]) == 0,
 {l, 1, 2}, {e, -2, 2}]
I need a real solution of e as a function of l and also e<=Min{1,l}. I don't know why it's empty in the plot. I don't think it's because the solution is out of the range since I tried l=1, and there are several solutions, one of which is e = 0. Thus I think there must be something wrong with the plot.
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
Your expression is not real, but complex. Think about how you want to turn your expression real. The documentation states
At positions where f does not evaluate to a real number, holes are left so that the background to the contour plot shows through.
So what you probably want is to test Abs[f[..]]==0 which gives you the lines where the whole left side vanishes. Unfortunately, they are not in your plot region. Therefore, take a look at this and hover with the mouse over the region borders to see the iso-value.
f[l_, e_] := (e (-1 + e^2) l (-3 + 2 e^2 - l^2) Cosh[
 2 Sqrt[1 - e^2]] + (-1 + e^2) (-1 + l^2) (e l Cos[2] -
 Sqrt[1 - e^2] (I - I l^4 - 2 e (-2 + e^2) l Sqrt[-e^2 + l^2]) Sinh[
 2 Sqrt[1 - e^2]]);
ContourPlot[Abs[f[l, e]], {l, 1, 2}, {e, -2, 2}]
Mathematica graphics
share|improve this answer
Thanks for answering. I don't quite understand why only the real part of function is zero. The equation is complex does not mean the solution of e has to be complex, right? – Knightq Oct 18 '13 at 4:18
I see what you mean, but this does not equivalent to the original equation anymore. I try Im[f]==0, the solution is different. Seems like my equation is problematic.. – Knightq Oct 18 '13 at 4:24
I just wanted to point out where the issue lies. You don't have to (and probably shouldn't) use Re. What you want is probably Abs[f[l,e]] but this is for you to decide. – halirutan Oct 18 '13 at 4:26
Thanks a lot, I see where I got wrong. And it seems to me that ContourPlot ignores isolated solution, doesn't it? – Knightq Oct 18 '13 at 6:52
Your Answer


text: Southern New Castle County has a land area of 190 square miles in north-central Delaware. It is predominantly a rural area with a population of about 9,000 people who are engaged chiefly in agriculture. By and large, the residents are dependent upon ground water as a source of potable water. This investigation was made to provide knowledge of the availability and quality of the ground-water supply to aid future development. The climate, surface features, and geology of the area are favorable for the occurrence of ground water. Temperatures are generally mild and precipitation is normally abundant and fairly evenly distributed throughout the year. The topography of the area is relatively flat and, hence, the streams have low gradients. The surface is underlain to a considerable depth by highly permeable unconsolidated sediments that range in age from Early Cretaceous to Recent.


text:
Open to district residents only. Limit of 12 people, age 16 and up.
This class is for the true beginner. You'll receive an introduction to the fundamental rudiments of general music, guitar music and guitar tablature. Learn to play by practicing finger exercises and note reading. Also covered are the three most common "open" major chords and their progression, fingerings, strum patterns, guitar assessment, construction, preventative and periodic maintenance, strings and changing them, guitar technique and tuning. Students should bring a guitar to class (acoustic guitars preferred; however, only very small amplifiers, 5 - 10 watts maximum, if bringing electric).
Monday, 04 March, 2013
Other Dates For This Event:
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text:
First Non-Stop Transatlantic Flight from New York City to Lithuania July 15, 1933
Exhibit depicts a philatelic story of one of the first non-stop transatlantic flights from North America to Europe which took place on July 15th, 1933. Darius-Girenas flight was the second longest distance-wise flight in the history of aviation at the time and fourth longest time-wise. The flight also had tremendous philatelic significance: with permits from both US Postmaster General and Lithuanian Government, it carried the first official Transatlantic air mail consignment in history. Despite the tragic ending to the flight leading to death of both pilots, the air mail consignment survived and was delivered to the intended recipients.


text:
Figure 1 below shows the measured Color Gamuts for the Galaxy Note7 Screen Modes
along with the Standard sRGB / Rec.709 Color Gamut in black.
The outermost white curve is the limits of human color vision -
the horseshoe is the pure spectral colors and the diagonal is the Line of Purples.
A given display can only reproduce the colors that lie inside of the
triangle formed by its primary colors.
Accurate White Point
The dots in the center are the measured color of White for each of the
Screen Modes along with the D65 Standard White,
which is marked as a white circle.
To deliver accurate image colors for standard consumer photo and video content
the display must match both
the Standard Color Gamut and the Standard Color of White.
Four Galaxy Note7 Screen Modes
screen mode is an accurate match to the DCI-P3 Standard Gamut
that is used for the new 4K UHD TV content.
screen mode is an accurate match to the sRGB / Rec.709 Standard Gamut
that is used to produce most current consumer content.
screen mode is an accurate match to the Adobe RGB Standard Gamut
that is used with high-end digital cameras and advanced imaging applications.
screen mode has the Widest Color Gamut and
is intentionally vivid.
for the Absolute Color Accuracy measurements for the Screen Modes.
Note that some of the Screen Modes are similar and their Gamuts
and White Points overlap in the Figure.
The white circle marking the D65 White Point is covered by the very accurate
White Points for the AMOLED Cinema, Basic, and AMOLED Photo screen modes.
The Adaptive Display screen mode is intentionally bluish.


IBS Body Spots (Tinea Versicolor)
Are you experiencing visible body spots? Are there white spots? See how IBS contributes to this symptom and learn how to dissolve it!
Body spots (Tinea Versicolor) is a symptom which only shows visible markings on the surface of your skin and no other adverse effects.
Tinea Versicolor
*I have also experienced a series of skin markings on my back, white and circular in nature. Let me explain why this happens and how to dissolve it.*
When IBS Tinea Versicolor is prevalent, your skin shows visible spots which are white and circular; look as though the blood underneath the skin is not evenly spread out. It may appear anywhere on your body however it is more prevalent on the centre core of your body; abdominal and back region. This is because the skin is located closer to your abdominal organs such as your liver and intestines.
The body spots (Tinea Versicolor) can be sparsely distributed on your body or it could be very concentrated depending on each person's severity level.
Now why would you have visible markings on your body?
First of all, it is because your system has become bacterially imbalanced. It has also become very weak. This is largely due to a high sugar content in your diet, continual ingestion of processed foods, use of antibiotics, birth control pills, etc. The yeast in your system which is normally harmless, has now over-produced beyond normal levels causing Candidiasis. This is a condition where the yeast starts to cause harmful damage to your system.
The white spots are yeast colonizing in groups underneath the skin. When the yeast is far too dominate in your system, your organs would not be functioning as optimally as it should be. There may have been some damage done to your liver or it may simply be very weak. The liver is the organ that filters the blood in your body. Your intestines also become more permeable and inflammation may exists.
The body spots (Tinea Versicolor) become very visible when you are drinking alcohol. This is because the blood pressure rises and your skin color turns a cherry red, further showing the differences in color against the white spots (yeast colonies).
Alcohol is a substance that can feed the yeast and it can also harm your liver. It is important to keep your drinking to a minimal or even not at all; which would be best.
How to dissolve the body spots (Tinea Versicolor)?
This requires you to dissolve the yeast colonization that exists underneath your skin. This means that you need to restrengthen your system and re-create a healthy bacterial balance in your body by avoiding the following:
Stress Check
This causes the liver to face further burden, so minimize the amount of stress in your life. Try to make it through each day with little or no stress. If a heavily stressful event occurs, take the next 30 minutes to relax to pace your body down.
Lack of exercise
When you do not exercise, your organs begin to slow down. Slow organs causes fatigue as well as an array of other health issues. It is best to exercise at least 2-3 times per week to keep your organs in check. Exercising helps to regulate your internal organs so that they function at the correct pace.
Lack of Rest
Try to incorporate at least 8 hours of sleep per day. This helps each and every one of your organs to recuperate before beginning the next day. Continuous lack of rest causes your organs to become weak over-time.
Lack of Fluids
Ensure you drink lots of liquid. Avoid coffee or any other liquids that contains caffeine. Caffeine blocks your intestines from fully absorbing the nutrients from your daily diet. When your organs are not provided with sufficient amount of nutrients, they begin to weaken.
Unhealthy Diet
The constant ingestion of unhealthy foods, causes a lack of sufficient nutrients to the body. Long-term results can include many health problems. The liver eventually loses health with these types of foods as well.
Healthy_FoodIt is best to eat a sufficient amount from each of the four food groups (meat & alternatives, fruit & vegetables, dairy products and grain products). Try to avoid deep-fried, over-baked, msg-added, etc. type of foods.
When you eat healthy foods, your body returns the favour by showing a boost in health such as increased stamina, less fatigue, etc. The liver will thank you for ingesting healthy food. Click here to see a recommended list of food recipes.
* Very Importantly, do the following: Treat with Herbal Remedies
1. Take a Candida Stop treatment to help eliminate the yeast overgrowth in your body as noted here.
2. Also important to take a liver stimulant such as Milk Thistle, to help ensure your liver is functioning optimally. Read more here.
3a. Lastly, combine a couple drops of Tea Tree Oil (Melaleuca Alternifolia) with Calendula Cream (Calendula Officinalis only) and rub the cream in the areas where the Tinea Versicolor is visible. See here for more details on Tea Tree Oil and ensure you select the correct type of Calendula Cream by clicking here.
Calendula can be used simply on dry skin as well, after a month you will notice a considerable difference in the texture of your skin; much more vibrant skin. Most importantly however, both Tea Tree Oil and Calendula contain anti-fungal agents that will help to eliminate the yeast underneath the skin causing the Tinea Versicolor.
3b. Or alternatively, instead of using the combination of drops and cream noted in 3a, you can do the following:
Selsun OrangeUse Selsun Orange that contains 2.5% of selenium sulfide and apply it to all areas where the Tinea Versicolor body spots are visible. It is to be applied immediately after taking a warm shower and your body has been dried off with a towel. This is when the pores on your body are open as a result of the warm shower. Keep the Selsun Orange lathered on your body for at least 10 minutes before re-showering to wash off the shampoo. Repeat this process everyday for at least 7 consecutive days.
This product is typically used for dandruff but it has been known to work well with this particular skin problem occurring on the body. The selenium sulfide needs to be at a 2.5% concentration level in order to benefit from the full effect. Lower concentration levels may be too weak to provide positive results.
This shampoo product, when applied on the skin, helps to create an environment that is not friendly to the yeast. Yeast lives on the skin for those experiencing Tinea Versicolor body spots because the skin has 'adopted' the yeast and provided a friendly environment for it. With Selsun Orange, it will help to create a non-friendly environment and prevent the yeast from living on the skin.
Note that when the yeast overgrowth has been eliminated, it will take at least 3 months for the visible white body spots to slowly disappear.
Always remember that patience and persistence is key when following the guidelines provided here.
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[Top of page] - IBS Body Spots (Tinea Versicolor)


, or nil. (This is an Optional, a special type of data that we will cover later)
If the object at the given path is not of the specified type, Cadence will throw an error and the transaction will fail.
If there is an object of the specified type at the path, the function returns that object and the account storage will no longer contain an object under the given path.
The type parameter for the object type to load is contained in <>. In this case, we're basically saying that we expect to load a HelloWorld.HelloAsset resource object from this path. A type argument for the parameter must be provided explicitly. (Note the @ symbol to specify that it is a resource)
The path from must be a storage path, so only the domain /storage/ is allowed.
Next, we call the hello() function and log the output.
_10
log(helloResource?.hello())
We use ? because the values in the storage are returned as optionals. Optionals are values that are able to represent either the presence or the absence of a value. Optionals have two cases: either there is a value of the specified type, or there is nothing (nil). An optional type is declared using the ? suffix.
_10
let newResource: HelloAsset? // could either have a value of type 'HelloAsset'
_10
// or it could have a value of 'nil', which represents nothing
Optionals allow developers to account for nil cases more gracefully. Here, we explicitly have to account for the possibility that the helloResource object we got with load is nil (because load will return nil if there is nothing there to load).
Using ? "unwraps" the optional, meaning that it gets the value if it is there, before calling hello, but only if the value isn't nil. If the value is nil, the ? returns nil.
Because ? is used when calling the hello function, the function call only happens if the stored value is not nil. In this case, the result of the hello function will be returned as an optional. However, if the stored value was nil, the function call would not occur and the result is nil.
Next, we use save again to put the object back in storage in the same spot:
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acct.storage.save(<-helloResource!, to: /storage/HelloAssetTutorial)
Remember, helloResource is still an optional, so we have to handle the possibility that it is nil. Here, we use the force-unwrap operator (!). This operator gets the value in the optional if it contains a value, and aborts the entire transaction if the object is nil. It is a more risky way of dealing with optionals, but if your program is ever in a state where a value being nil would defeat the purpose of the whole transaction, then the force-unwrap operator might be a good choice to deal with that.
Refer to Optionals In Cadence to learn more about optionals and how they are used.
info
Select account 0x01 as the only signer. Click the Send button to submit the transaction.
You should see something like this:
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"Hello, World!"
Reviewing the Resource Contract
This tutorial covered an introduction to resources in Cadence, using the account storage API and interacting with resources using transactions.
You implemented a smart contract that is accessible in all scopes. The smart contract had a resource declared that implemented a function called hello() that returns the string "Hello, World!" and declared a function that can create a resource.
Next, you deployed this contract in an account and implemented a transaction to create the resource in the smart contract and save it in the account 0x01 by using it as the signer for this transaction.
Finally, you used a transaction to move the HelloAsset resource from account storage, call the hello method, and return it to the account storage.
Now that you have completed the tutorial, you have the basic knowledge to write a simple Cadence program that can:
 - Implement a resource in a smart contract
 - Save, move, and load resources using the account storage API and the move operator <-
 - Use the prepare phase of a transaction to load resources from account storage
Feel free to modify the smart contract to create different resources, experiment with the available account storage API, and write new transactions and scripts that execute different functions from your smart contract. Have a look at the resource reference page to find out more about what you can do with resources.
You're on the right track to building more complex applications with Cadence, now is a great time to check out the Cadence Best Practices document and Anti-patterns document as your applications become more complex.


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Cultural Map of the World (Inglehart-Welzel)
This is an application of a factor analysis plot, used in this case to display the 'cultural proximity' of several countries. This proximity is calculated based on survey scores on areas such as politics, religion and social life. The data is'reduced' to some dimensions (displayed in the axis of the chart) and then plot according to how much they load in each dimension. This type of graph is used specially in qualitative research.


There is an apparent need to have pressurants in both pressure fed and pump fed systems. However, since pump fed systems can create the necessary pressure, they can work with less pressurants and lesser storage pressures making tanks thinner. What other differences exist between these two systems within the context of pressurants and would someone care to elaborate on it?
 - $\begingroup$ This could be a related question to " Why do pump and pressure fed liquid engines need to operate at high pressures? " $\endgroup$ – Rajath Pai Mar 25 '19 at 12:33
While you're correct in your assessment of "since pump fed systems can create the necessary pressure, they can work with less pressurants and lesser storage pressures making tanks thinner" you may be missing the degree to which these two differ. Some other concerns exist, but they are secondary - the main issue is the vast difference in pressure needed.
Of top importance in rocketry are the engine thrust and specific impulse - both depending on speed at which the gases are ejected from the nozzle, thrust additionally accounting for mass flow ratio. Directly related to energy of the propellant obtained through combustion, which is derived from combustion temperature and combustion chamber pressure. In short, the higher the chamber pressure the more efficient and more powerful the rocket. There are some more factors to that, but this one is one of most important.
And the fuel and oxidizer must be delivered into the chamber - pushed into it at pressure higher than the combustion chamber pressure plus whatever resistance the plumbing, injectors, possibly regenerative cooling system too, create.
For pump-fed systems, the pressurant needs only to overcome the (minor) resistance of plumbing between the tank and the pump - even less so if the pump provides suction, just assuring so there are no vacuum bubbles which would cause serious trouble, assuring uninterrupted flow with no resistance, and even some help from the pump.
In pressure-fed system the pressurant must overcome the combustion chamber pressure, plus all resistances along the way (injectors etc).
This will result both in the tank being significantly more rugged, holding against pressure equivalent to that of the combustion chamber instead of token increase over ambient, and also it will severely limit the combustion chamber pressure - and as result, the engine efficiency. The short ruggedized piping between the pump and the chamber is much, much smaller than the entire big tank, so one can afford to keep it much thicker and more durable, able to withstand much higher pressures.
Obviously, the trade-off is the cost, complexity and failure modes of the pump. It's a very complex and expensive device that also can fail in many ways pressure fed system wouldn't. (admittedly, it also protects against some failure modes characteristic to pressure-fed systems though.)
 - $\begingroup$ Does scale of the vehicle warrant the usage of one over the other? Pressurant will always be a mass of little value but has a better reliability and less chances of failure due to usage of a simpler system. Do pressurants also help against sloshing and its effects within tanks as the fuel drains. How does pressurant volume and ullage compare in a pump fed system $\endgroup$ – Rajath Pai Mar 26 '19 at 11:22
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_: All very good questions which I believe deserve to be asked on the site and get full answers on their own instead of whatever may fit in the comments. $\endgroup$ – SF. Mar 26 '19 at 11:34
 - $\begingroup$ Thanks for the answer, and I will put them up as questions. $\endgroup$ – Rajath Pai Mar 26 '19 at 12:12
Your Answer


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Quail eggs are like fingerprints, a new study suggests.
The creamy blue-and-brown speckled eggs, splashed like a toddler's art project, vary among birds but are consistently patterned for individuals.
What's more, in a laboratory experiment, quail camouflaged their eggs according to their personal pattern, picking lighter sand for less-speckled eggs and darker sand for eggs with more brown splotches. What surprised researchers was the discovery that quail changed their approach to camouflage as their eggs got darker.
"It's as if they knew the characteristics of their own eggs and chose the best substrate with which to lay them," said George Lovell, lead study author and an expert on animal camouflage at Abertay University and the University of St. Andrews in Scotland.
Sitting at the bottom of the food chain, with a spot on just about every predator's dinner menu, quail and their eggs need good hiding places.
In the experiment, quail could lay clutches in sand with white, yellow, red or black hues. Researchers photographed each spot where the quail laid eggs and each location they ignored. The images revealed whether quail moms picked the sand color that offered the most camouflage. "They did really, really well," Lovell told OurAmazingPlanet.
More than 50 percent of the time, quail chose the sand color offering the best or second-best protection for their own egg pattern, the study found.The findings appear Thursday in the journal Current Biology.
"The amazing thing is this change in strategy for the different eggs," Lovell said.
Quail with the creamiest egg colors picked white or yellow sand. This strategy, called background matching, aims to hide the eggs by blending into a similarly colored background.
Quail with darker, more splotchy eggs conceal their eggs not by matching a background color, but by trying to break up the egg's outline through its color pattern, an approach called disruptive coloration.
The same strategy the military uses in its camouflage patterning, the egg splotches disrupt its own outline with the colors and patterns on its shell, Lovell explained.
"What the spots seem to be doing it making a predator think an egg is different from an egg shape," he said.
The quail were raised in captivity at the University of Glasgow in Scotland, and had seen their eggs before the experiment started.
"It's possible that they learn the patterning through seeing eggs that they've laid," Lovell said. "In the wild, there is some evidence that birds are often less successful with their first clutch of eggs. It may be that at that point in time, they're not able to select the best place to lay their eggs."
Scientists think birds use patterning on eggs for camouflage, but the darker colors may also help strengthen weak spots or regulate temperature, Lovell said.
The shell color comes from two pigments : blue-green biliverdin and red-brown protoporphyrin, which are both breakdown products of hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein found in the red blood cells of all vertebrates).
- In Photos: Birds of Prey
- 10 Amazing Things You Didn't Know About Animals
- The Animal Kingdom's Most Devoted Dads
© 2012 OurAmazingPlanet. All rights reserved. More from OurAmazingPlanet.


Arduino/Four wire stepper test
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Motor Inspection[edit | edit source]
Stepper Motor from discarded printer or fax
The motor originally came from a fax or printer that had been discarded. The motor had a label. From this label, specifications to a similar motor were found. There were four, identical red wires attached to it. Since the wires were stranded, solid wires were soldered onto the ends.
Arduino Motor Shield[edit | edit source]
Stepper Motors connect to the arduino through a motor shield. Adafruit makes an inexpensive shield.
adafruit motor shield
Two motor drivers were downloaded as zip files and expanded into a window's machines c:\programs\arduino\libraries folder. The new folder names were to long and contained spaces according to an error message that hid behind some open windows. The arduino IDE would not start. The folders were renamed AccelStepper and MotorShield. Then the arduino IDE started. New examples appeared in the arduino software files > examples folder.
Decoding Wires[edit | edit source]
The four stranded red wires were attached to four different colored solid wires. The connector has 5 holes, with a number 5 on the left. The middle pin was empty. The pair near pin 5 were given the colors blue, then orange. The pair nearest pin 1 were given the colors orange and red.
Motor Connector
Then resistance was measured between blue/orange and purple/red was 10 ohms.
Stepper Test[edit | edit source]
The example sketch StepperTest was found associated with the MotorShield driver. This code suggested that the motor's four wires should be attached to M3 and M4 on the motor shield. Orange/Blue were attached to M3 and purple/red were attached to M4. The sketch was uploaded to the arduino and the motor began to turn. A video was taken.
Wiring[edit | edit source]
Stepper motor wiring is easy. Stepper motors have inductors that turn into electro-magnents like all other motors. The inductors have an internal winding resistance. The 4 wire stepper motor above had two inductors of 10 ohms. There were two pairs of wires. These pairs can be plugged into the adafruit motorshield into a wiring header. The stepper test sketch software assumes you are plugging into the header labeled M3 and M4.
The pairs of wires are determined with an ohm meter. Then one pair is plugged into M3 and the other into M4. It doesn't matter which pair goes where. It doesn't matter which wire of the pair is in the left hole of M3. Hook the motor up. Reverse the pairs, reverse which wire is in the M3 left hole, and the motor will start up in the reverse direction. Messing up the pairs causes the stepper motor drive shaft to oscillate back and forth.
Power[edit | edit source]
Start with powering the motor from the USB cable. Touch the motor, touch the chips on the motor shield to see that things are not heating up. The 10 ohm motor started heating up with just power from the usb cable. Adding an external 9V 650ma DC adapter to the arduino caused the motor and a chip on the motor shield to heat up fast and to heat up too hot to touch. The DC adapter started to buzz and perhaps started to heat up. Here is probably why: I=V/R = 9volts/10 ohms = 900 ma which is much greater than the rated 650 ma. Motors with larger inductor winding resistance remained cool, chips on the motor shield remained cool, but then the adapter started buzzing.
Revolutions[edit | edit source]
Most of the motors tested stepped 7.5 degrees. 100 steps means 750 degrees rotation... two complete circles plus 30 degrees. This was observed on most motors. There was one stepper motor where it appeared that 100 steps was one complete rotation meaning the steps were 3.2 degrees.


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Butler County has a rich history and many landmarks that still stand to this day, some prominently and others quietly tucked away.
That was highlighted recently when we featured a story about the upcoming opening of the Soldiers Sailors and Pioneers monument in downtown Hamilton (and why it will be an even better community asset).
Here are five historic places to visit in Butler County and a little history of each courtesy of the Butler County Historical Society:
RELATED: Historic Courthouse sporting new steps after fits and starts
1. The Historic Courthouse. The courthouse is located on High Street in downtown Hamilton. The four-story building with imported granite columns and marble floors was completed in 1889, the third courthouse on the site since the county was formed in 1803. Listed in the National Register of Historic Places, it was built with classical detailing in the Second Empire Revival style and is still in use. The count recently replaced the High Street side steps and has made other improvements.
2. The Black Covered Bridge. The bridge is located at 5401 Corso Road in Oxford Twp. Listed in the National Register of Historic Places, this bridge spans Four Mile Creek and is the only covered bridge in the county still in its original location. It was built in 1869 and sometimes was called "Push's Mill Bridge" because it led to the nearby mill. The bridge was bypassed in the 1950s and restored in the 1990s.
3. Monument Cabin. The cabin is located near the Soldiers Sailors and Pioneers Monument at 15 S. Monument Ave. in Hamilton. Built in 1804, this log cabin was discovered and moved from Park Avenue on the west side of the Great Miami River to Monument Park in 1964. Now located on the site of old Fort Hamilton it is furnished to reflect pioneer life.
MORE: 5 things to know about 'Billy Yank,' the historic monument that stands over Hamilton
4. Governor Bebb Pioneer Village. The village is located at 1979 Bebb Park Lane in Morgan Twp. Built in 1799, the Bebb Cabin was the birthplace and boyhood home of Ohio's 19th governor William Bebb. It was moved home its original location on Dry Fork Creek four miles away and added to other log structures reconstructed in the park to represent a pioneer village. They include a blacksmith shop, tavern, schoolhouse and covered bridge.
5. Patterson Place Museum. The museum is located on the Miami University campus at 325 S. Patterson Ave. in Oxford. This 1898 house built by James Patterson as a summer home later served as the residence of Western College for Women presidents from 1914 to 1974. Listed in a National Register Historic District, it is now a museum with paintings, furniture and other artifacts of the independent women's college that closed in 1974.


text:
What is Walkable?
IntroductionWalking is a form of sustainable urban mobility that could provide transport, social, environmental and economic benefits. The World Health Organisation also recommended walking as an activity that can improve people's physical and mental health. Many cities like London, Sydney, Paris and Seoul are also working on how to enhance their walkability and to encourage their citizens to walk.
Our proposalsWith consideration of the public's views on how to enhance walkability of Hong Kong and reference to overseas exemplars, we devised a walkability strategy for achieving "Walkable HK" and the conceptual pedestrian plans for the two pilot areas of the study. Details can be found on the Public Engagement Digest.
Walkable Places and Concepts in Hong Kong
Why should we carry out trial for low speed limit zone?We suggest carrying out a trial on low speed limit zone of 30km/h in Sham Shui Po pilot area. This trial aims to raise awareness of the public (including pedestrian and drivers) that low speed limit could improve walkability in the area and it has only slight influence on the traffic. Cities such as London, Amsterdam, Paris, New York and Sydney had been implementing this measure in large scale, which highly improve their walkability and road safety.
Pedestrian StreetThere are areas where there are often pedestrian and vehicular conflicts arising due to lack of pedestrian space to cater for the demand, leading to pedestrians walking on the road. We propose to set up part-time pedestrian streets in these areas to improve the safety and comfort of the pedestrians.
Old Wan Chai Revitalisation – Starstreet PrecinctWan Chai is one of the earliest settlements in Hong Kong, and still possesses heritage and buildings of different periods. In response to the CE's 2007 Policy Address to promote local characteristics and the conservation of heritage buildings, the Government has established the Old Wan Chai Revitalisation Initiatives Special Committee (OWRISC), to propose various revitalisation initiatives. The OWRISC comprises Wan Chai District Council members, professionals and historians, with the Urban Renewal Authority as the secretariat.


What does this mean?
If you are seeing answer labels in your interview, with no text where a question would normally be, this can mean one of two things:
 - you have created a question point with labelled answer points but have forgotten to enter any text in the question body, or
 - a reference question you have created has 'broken'.
In this article we will walk you through the exact steps to follow when a reference question has broken.
Find out which reference question is broken
When you know exactly which reference question is broken, you can consider half your problem as solved!
How to check which reference question is breaking:
 - Go through your interview and try to notice which questions are placed before and after the broken reference question. You will be able to tell from the interview if this question is inside a pack reference or on the main path.
 - By now you would have gotten a rough idea where your broken reference question is. To make sure, jump into the editor and locate the reference questions that have exactly the same answer labels as the one you are seeing in the interview.
 - Type in some obvious text e.g. 'TEST1', 'TEST2' etc into the body of the reference questions you have identified.
 - Now go back and refresh the interview by right clicking and selecting 'Reload frame' and check if the text e.g. 'TEST1' comes up on the interview screen. Keep trying till you see this text on the interview screen.
 - Once you have located your broken it's a good idea to go into the editor and rename the label to something obvious so that you can easily find your broken reference question when you need to.
How to fix this issue
Here are some checks you can run on your reference question to pinpoint what the problem is, once you know what the problem is, it's almost always an easy fix:
 - Make sure that your answer points in the reference question are exactly the same as the answer points in the question you are referencing. This includes spaces and letter case.
 - Check that you have referenced the correct question, the image below shows where you can check this.
 - Make sure that you have assigned unique labels to all your questions (so that you are sure you are referencing the correct question.
 - Check that the reference question passes through the branch that the question that is being referenced is on.
With a bit of simple investigating you will find it easy to fix your broken reference question!
Did this answer your question?


text:
Lips are a very delicate and important part of the human face as a beautiful and healthy lip acts as an icing on the cake. But, it is also true because of its delicate nature, it requires a lot of care and maintenance.
The face is the apple of one's eye and one cannot tolerate if any damage occurs to it, in front of their eyes. There is a very common issue that arises with the lips is the bleeding, which can make you a standing joke among the crowd. Bleeding lips not only gives an ugly look, but it is also very painful and irritating.
What can be the causes behind a bleeding lip? It is a common question of many, the causes or the secret behind the lip bleeding are:
1. Skin infection:
If there is an infection in the skin of a person then there are possible chances that lips will be affected as it is a delicate part of the skin. It is generally caused due to inflammation in the skin, which can affect the entire skin of the body or any one part. If you have any symptoms of skin infection, then you must go for medical care.
2. Lip injury:
It is a very normal reason that bleeding may occur when the lips get injured. If the living body part of a person is injured then it is obvious that it causes bleeding. Lip injury is not to worry cause as it can be treated and cured with the application of antiseptics and ointments.
3. Oral cavity cancer:
Lip is a very important part of the oral cavity of a human, hence, if a person suffers from the cancer of the oral cavity, then the lips are also equally affected. Even, of the major symptoms of this cancer includes sore and bleeding lips.
When it comes to the problem of cancer, it is recommended to get medical treatment as soon as possible. The treatment is available for this issue, including radiation and many others.
4. Surgical wound:
If there is, any wound on the body of a person then it is obvious that bleeding will occur from that point. These wounds are often caused due yo surgery, which may be due to strong medicines which are induced because of the surgical process.
These wounds which are caused due to surgery are referred as surgical wounds. One of the causes of bleeding of the lip is this surgical wound and it should be treated with care so that it gets completely cured.
5. Allergic reaction:
As it is noted before that lips are very delicate part of humans, which makes it weak when it comes to allergic reaction. If your lips are suffering from the allergic reaction, then it will bleed. Actually, this reaction is a response or the immune system to a particular allergen, in simple words, the struggle of the immune system with harmful allergens causes allergic reactions.
It is a very common phenomenon and its severity can range from mild to life-threatening. It can be classified as skin allergy and food allergy, it is very important to get proper medical attention if bleeding is occurring due to this reason.
6. Lip cancer:
One of the major symptoms of lip cancer is the bleeding from the lips. This type of cancer is a very rare form of cancer and is treatable with ease if caught at a very stage. This cancer occurs due to an uncontrollable growth of cancer cells in the lips of a person. It is very important to go through medical soon because with time it penetrates deeper into the oral cavity.
7. Skin cancer:
During a skin cancer, any part of the skin is affected and many times, bleeding from the lip is a major symptom because it is attacked first by the cancer cells. Before this cancer captures the whole body, it is advised to go through the required medical care.
Can you imagine your face without lips? Of course not, as a maximum of your daily tasks is performed with the assistance of lips only including, eating, talking, drinking and many others. So, it is very important to provide proper care for them as to get a revived and healthy one.


text:
Liquid Chromatography Detectors - The UV Detectors > The Diode Array Detector > Page 52
If the peak was pure, the ratio of the adsorption at the two wavelengths (those selected were 225 and 245 nm) would remain constant throughout the elution of the entire peak. The upper diagram in figure 31 shows this ratio plotted on the same time scale and it is seen that a clean rectangular peak is observed which unambiguously confirms the purity of the peak for chlorthalidone. The wavelength chosen to provide the confirming ratio will depend on the UV adsorption characteristics of the substance concerned, relative to those of the most likely impurities to be present, consequently the wavelengths must be chosen with some circumspection. Another interesting example of the use of the diode array detector to confirm the integrity of an eluted peak is afforded by the separation of the series of hydrocarbons shown in figure 32.
The separation was carried out on a column 3 cm long, 4.6 mm in diameter and packed with a C18 reversed phase on particles 3 m in diameter.
Courtesy of the Perkin Elmer Corporation
Figure 32. The Separation of Some Aromatic Hydrocarbons
The separation appears to be satisfactory and all the peaks appear to represent individual solutes; without further evidence, it would be reasonable to assume that all the peaks were pure. However, by plotting the adsorption ratio,, for the anthracene peak it becomes apparent that the peak tail contains an impurity as the clean rectangular shape of the peak top is not shown. The absorption ratio peaks are shown in figure 33.


text:
When it comes to traveling from the bustling metropolis of Toronto To Vancouver Flight Time to the picturesque city of Vancouver, one of the most common and convenient modes of transportation is air travel. The flight between these two major Canadian cities is a popular route, attracting both business and leisure travelers. In this article, we will delve into the Toronto to Vancouver flight time, exploring the average duration, factors that can influence it, and tips to make your journey smooth and enjoyable.
- The Average Flight Time: The flight time between Toronto and Vancouver can vary depending on several factors. On average, a direct flight between the two cities takes around 4 to 5 hours. This duration is based on non-stop flights and can fluctuate due to weather conditions, air traffic, and the type of aircraft used for the journey. It is important to note that indirect flights or those with layovers can significantly extend the total travel time, sometimes exceeding 6 to 7 hours.
- Factors Affecting Flight Duration: Numerous factors can influence the flight time from Toronto to Vancouver. Weather conditions play a crucial role, as severe weather such as storms or heavy winds can result in flight delays or diversions. Air traffic congestion can also impact the duration, especially during peak travel seasons or at busy airports. The type of aircraft used for the journey is another determining factor. Different planes have varying speeds, which can affect the overall flight time.
- Tips to Optimize Your Travel Experience: Book Direct Flights: If time is of the essence, opt for non-stop flights to avoid unnecessary layovers and minimize travel time. b. Consider Off-Peak Travel: Flying during less busy periods can increase the chances of shorter flight durations and lower ticket prices. c. Check Weather Updates: Stay informed about weather conditions in both Toronto and Vancouver to anticipate any potential flight disruptions. d. Allow for Buffer Time: Factor in some additional time between your flight arrival and any scheduled appointments or activities at your destination. e. Arrive Early at the Airport: Arriving well in advance will allow you to navigate check-in, security, and boarding procedures smoothly. f. Pack Wisely: Ensure your carry-on and checked baggage comply with airline regulations to avoid delays during security checks.
- Airlines and Flight Options: Several airlines operate flights between Toronto and Vancouver, offering a range of options to suit different budgets and preferences. Air Canada, WestJet, and Porter Airlines are among the major carriers providing direct flights on this route. Additionally, numerous other airlines offer connecting flights through their respective hub cities. Online travel agencies and airline websites can assist in comparing prices and schedules to find the most suitable flight option.
Conclusion: Traveling from Toronto to Vancouver by air is a convenient and time-saving option. While the flight duration can vary due to various factors, the average non-stop journey takes approximately 4 to 5 hours. By considering factors such as weather conditions, air traffic, and aircraft type, travelers can make informed decisions and plan their trips accordingly. Following the provided tips can help optimize the travel experience and ensure a seamless journey from Toronto to Vancouver, allowing travelers to explore the beauty of Canada's diverse cities.