Mass Number Definition and Examples
close up of chlorine on periodic table
Science Picture Co/Getty Images
Mass number is an integer (whole number) equal to the sum of the number of protons and neutrons of an atomic nucleus. In other words, it is the sum of the number of nucleons in an atom. Mass number is often denoted using a capital letter A.
Contrast this with the atomic number, which is simply the number of protons.
Electrons are excluded from the mass number because their mass is so much smaller than that of protons and neutrons that they don't really affect the value.
Examples
3717Cl has a mass number of 37. Its nucleus contains 17 protons and 20 neutrons.
The mass number of carbon-13 is 13. When a number is given following an element name, this is its isotope, which basically states the mass number. To find the number of neutrons in an atom of the isotope, simply subtract the number of protons (atomic number). So, carbon-13 has 7 neutrons, because carbon has atomic number 6.
Mass Defect
Mass number only gives an estimate of isotope mass in atomic mass units (amu).The isotopic mass of carbon-12 is correct because the atomic mass unit is defined as 1/12 of the mass of this isotope. For other isotopes, mass is within about 0.1 amu of the mass number. The reason there is a difference is because of mass defect, which occurs because neutrons are slightly heavier than protons and because the nuclear binding energy is not constant between nuclei.
Format
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Your Citation
Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "Mass Number Definition and Examples." ThoughtCo, Aug. 27, 2020, _URL_-of-mass-number-604564. Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. (2020, August 27). Mass Number Definition and Examples. Retrieved from _URL_ Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "Mass Number Definition and Examples." ThoughtCo. _URL_ (accessed November 28, 2022).


text:
I want to approximate pi/4 by using the infinite sum pi/4=((-1)^(n))/(2*n+1) from 0 to infinity. Here is my MATLAB code:
if true tol = 10^(-5) %Up to five correct decimals d=1; %Arbitrarily chosen, only condition is that d>tol at the start sn=0; %Initial starting value n=0; while d>tol
sn = ((-1)^(n))/(2*n+1); This is the approximation for pi/4.
d=abs(pi/4-sn); Value that decides whether the loop continues. n=sn; I'm not sure but I want n to increase by one each
time to prevent circular calculations.
Why do I get Inf+ Nani?
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Artisan Way of Data Reply
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10 Jun 2021CPOL10 min read 12.7K 108 3 2
A way to deliver more details about an error or exception from an SQL Server database through an ASP.NET web application to a web client.
This article is a continuation of Artisan.Orm project in which you will learn how to deliver more details about an error or exception from an SQL Server database through an ASP.NET web application to a web client.
This article is a continuation and development of Artisan.Orm project:
The method described here can also be used completely independently.
Introduction
Suppose we have a web application of a three-tier structure:
 - Web SPA client, which requests data from a web server with Ajax
 - Web server and ASP.NET application
 - SQL Server database
Once a web client requests to get or save data, a data reply travels back from the database to UI through the way that might look like this:
Image 1
On this way, all sorts of surprises can happen. An error may raise in a database on SQL Server or an exception may occur in an ASP.NET application on a web server. The final recipient, a web client, should somehow be informed about what had happened: was the request executed correctly or something went wrong.
This article is an attempt to make a convenient and universal format of data reply that provides a possibility to pass the details of exceptional case through the above pipeline from a database to a web client.
Background
Some thoughts and propositions before starting.
Two Categories of Exceptions
Errors and exceptions can be divided into two categories: expected and unexpected.
 - Unexpected exception is the result of a bug in code or equipment failure, the things we hope never should happen in a perfect word.
 Usual reaction on such exceptions: inform a user and an admin about fatal application error.
 - Expected exception is the result of inconsistent data saving, untimely request or other activities where a user is able to solve the issue by himself.
 The examples:
 - Data validation on web server or in database, such as uniqueness of user's login or email.
 - Data concurrency, when two users edit the same record in database at the same time.
 - Data missing, when the first user deletes a record before the second one saves it.
 - Data access denial, when a data reply depends on user access level calculated in database.
Status Delivery via Http
How can a web client distinguish what kind of exception occurs? It is necessary to pass the status to it.
How to deliver this status from a web server to a web client? The first idea that comes to mind is to use the http Status Codes...
And this idea turns out to be worthless... It is like asking the airplane captain to inform your mom that you are in trouble via official radio frequency used for landing and taking off, although you just forgot your lunch box on the kitchen table.
Http Status Codes are used to inform recipients about a transmission status. Browsers use that status to react. And mixing a transmission status and a data reply status sooner or later leads us to a problem of unexpected browser reaction or impossibility to find appropriate code for your needs.
The better idea, I guess, is make a universal format of data reply, something like a wrapping object where Data and Status are the properties.
Seven Steps
The task of the exception details delivery through the data reply pipeline can be divided into several steps:
 1. In a database, find an exceptional case and output the necessary data.
 2. In a repository, recognize the exceptional case and read the data about it.
 3. In a repository, throw an exception, so that a data service can handle it in C# good practice way.
 4. In a data service, gets normal data or catch an exception, and create a universal data reply.
 5. In a ASP.NET Web API controller, serialize a data reply into JSON format.
 6. In Web client data services, get JSON data, define a status of a data reply, take appropriate actions.
 7. In SPA controllers, get a data reply, define a status of a data reply, take appropriate actions.
Universal Format of DataReply
DataReply in JSON
The desirable data wrapper or DataReply object, after ASP.NET Web API controller serializes it to JSON, should have a form of:
dataReply: {
 status: "ok",
 data: {...},
 messages: [...]
}
Therefore, a C# object for serialization must have the same public properties. After series of experiments, I found the optimal, at least for me, structure of DataReply class in C#.
DataReply in C#
The DataReply base class has only two properties: Status and Messages.
The derived DataReply<TData> adds the Data property.
Here is the diagram of DataReply class and its properties:
Image 2
And here is the C# code for:
 - DataReplyStatus
 - DataReplyMessage
 - DataReply
 - DataReply<TData>
(Click on tabs.)
C#
public enum DataReplyStatus
{
 Ok ,
 Fail ,
 Missing ,
 Validation ,
 Concurrency ,
 Denial ,
 Error
}
C#
[DataContract]
public class DataReplyMessage
{
 [DataMember]
 public String Code;
 [DataMember(EmitDefaultValue = false)]
 public String Text;
 [DataMember(EmitDefaultValue = false)]
 public Int64? Id;
 [DataMember(EmitDefaultValue = false)]
 public Object Value;
}
C#
[DataContract]
public class DataReply {
 [DataMember]
 public DataReplyStatus Status { get; set; }
 [DataMember(EmitDefaultValue = false)]
 public DataReplyMessage[] Messages { get; set; }

 public DataReply()
 {
 Status = DataReplyStatus.Ok;
 Messages = null;
 }
 public DataReply(DataReplyStatus status)
 {
 Status = status;
 Messages = null;
 }
 public DataReply(DataReplyStatus status, string code, string text)
 {
 Status = status;
 Messages = new [] { new DataReplyMessage { Code = code, Text = text } };
 }

 public DataReply(DataReplyStatus status, DataReplyMessage message)
 {
 Status = status;
 if (message != null)
 Messages = new [] { message };
 }
 public DataReply(DataReplyStatus status, DataReplyMessage[] messages)
 {
 Status = status;
 if (messages?.Length > 0)
 Messages = messages;
 }
 public DataReply(string message)
 {
 Status = DataReplyStatus.Ok;
 Messages = new [] { new DataReplyMessage { Text = message } };
 }
 public static DataReplyStatus? ParseStatus (string statusCode)
 {
 if (IsNullOrWhiteSpace(statusCode))
 return null;

 DataReplyStatus status;
 if (Enum.TryParse(statusCode, true, out status))
 return status;

 throw new InvalidCastException(
 $"Cannot cast string '{statusCode}' to DataReplyStatus Enum. " +
 $"Available values: {Join(", ", Enum.GetNames(typeof(DataReplyStatus)))}");
 }
}
C#
[DataContract]
public class DataReply<TData>: DataReply {
 [DataMember(EmitDefaultValue = false)]
 public TData Data { get; set; }
 public DataReply(TData data)
 {
 Data = data;
 }
 public DataReply()
 {
 Data = default(TData);
 }
 public DataReply(DataReplyStatus status, string code, string text, TData data)
 :base(status, code, text)
 {
 Data = data;
 }
 public DataReply(DataReplyStatus status, TData data) :base(status)
 {
 Data = data;
 }
 public DataReply(DataReplyStatus status) :base(status)
 {
 Data = default(TData);
 }
 public DataReply(DataReplyStatus status, string code, string text)
 :base(status, code, text)
 {
 Data = default(TData);
 }
 public DataReply(DataReplyStatus status, DataReplyMessage replyMessage)
 :base(status, replyMessage)
 {
 Data = default(TData);
 }
 public DataReply(DataReplyStatus status, DataReplyMessage[] replyMessages)
 :base(status, replyMessages)
 {
 Data = default(TData);
 }
}
DataReplyStatus
This Enum contains the statuses I found useful in my projects, and there are no restrictions to reduce the list or extend it.
The meaning of statuses:
Code Usage
Ok The default status when everything had executed as expected
Fail When a query goal was not achieved
Missing When a query did not find a record with Id parameter
Validation When a query found a threat to data integrity
Concurrency When two or more users updated the same record in the same time
Denial


text: An uninterrupted economical supply of frac water is critical to the successful development of the Horn River Devonian shales. and Apache have progressed our water supply from tank truck delivery of fresh surface waters to an integrated, subsurface saline water treating and distribution system. The current system is designed to deliver water at a rate of 16 m3/min to a maximum daily volume of 16,000 m3 or enough water for 3–4 fracs per day. This presentation will discuss our experiences with fresh surface waters, the design and implementation of the pilot plant and the design, construction and operation of the full scale sour water processing plant. Another aspect that will be discussed are the water source wells including geology, drilling, completion and high volume lift systems.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Real Men Read volunteers provide a positive male role model to 2nd and 3rd grade students by making five visits to the classroom throughout the school year. On each visit, the volunteer will read a single picture book to his class to engage the students' interest in reading.
Up until third grade, students are still learning to read. After third grade, they start reading to learn. This makes the years before fourth grade crucial to developing a child's love for reading and basic literacy skills! Real Men Readers engage students by asking fun questions about each book (provided to volunteers!) and enforces the importance of reading.
Right now, it's more important than ever before to foster a love of reading. In 2021, only 24.9% of Fort Wayne Community Schools students tested as proficient in the ILEARN English and Language Arts test. Problems with literacy will follow a child for his entire life. Statistics from the National Institute for Literacy, National Center for Adult Literacy, The Literacy Company, and the U.S. Census Bureau show that 85% of juvenile offenders have trouble reading, with only one-third of America's fourth graders reaching basic proficiency levels.
Real Men Read is designed to combat that problem by giving children a special, interactive experience that makes reading fun — without the stress of grading or testing attached. 89% of teachers agree that Real Men Read is a valuable program to help students develop literacy skills. In the process of RMR, Big Brothers Big Sisters provides its readers with five picture books and a set of fun, engaging questions to ask the class. At the end of each session, the classrooms receive their own copy of the book so children can reread it whenever they want.
This year's Real Men Read dates are:
Volunteers must submit to a background check and provide Big Brothers Big Sisters with a copy of their driver's license. To apply, fill out the application today!


text:
Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geospatial Engineering
This paper is devoted to the introduction of physicochemical, filler size, and distribution effect in micromechanical predictions of the overall viscoelastic properties of asphalt mastic. In order to account for the three effects, the morphologically representative pattern (MRP) approach was employed. The MRP model was improved due to the arduous practical use of equivalent modulus formula solution. Then, a homogeneous morphologically representative model (H-MRP) with the explicit solution was established based on the homogenization theory. Asphalt mastic is regarded as a composite material consisting of filler particles coated structural asphalt and free asphalt considering the physicochemical effect. An additional interphase surrounding particles was introduced in the H-MRP model. Thus, a modified H-MRP model was established. Using the proposed model, a viscoelastic equation was derived to predict the complex modulus and subsequently the dynamic modulus of asphalt mastic based on the elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principle. The dynamic shear rheological tests were conducted to verify the prediction model. The results show that the predicted modulus presents an acceptable precision for asphalt mastic mixed with 10% and 20% fillers volume fraction, as compared to the measured ones. The predicted modulus agrees reasonably well with the measured ones at high frequencies for asphalt mastic mixed with 30% and 40% fillers volume fraction. However, it exhibits underestimated modulus at low frequencies. The reasons for the discrepancy between predicted and measured dynamic shear modulus and the factors affecting the dynamic shear modulus were also explored in the paper.
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
Micromechanical Prediction Model of Viscoelastic Properties for Asphalt Mastic Based on Morphologically Representative Pattern Approach.
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering,
Retrieved from: _URL_
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


1. WeatherSpark.com
 2. Italy
 3. Tuscany
 4. Ambra
 5. January
Average Weather in January in Ambra Italy
Daily high temperatures are around 47°F, rarely falling below 39°F or exceeding 55°F. The lowest daily average high temperature is 47°F on January 2.
Daily low temperatures are around 32°F, rarely falling below 22°F or exceeding 42°F. The lowest daily average low temperature is 31°F on January 31.
For reference, on August 4, the hottest day of the year, temperatures in Ambra typically range from 60°F to 87°F, while on January 31, the coldest day of the year, they range from 31°F to 48°F.
Average High and Low Temperature in January
The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.
The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average temperatures for the quarter of the year centered on January. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.
Average Hourly Temperature in January
Average Hourly Temperature in January in Ambra18152229112233445566778899101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030313112 AM4 AM8 AM12 PM4 PM8 PM12 AMDecFebvery coldvery coldcold
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.
Cedar Ridge, California, United States (6,059 miles away) is the far-away foreign place with temperatures most similar to Ambra (view comparison).
Clouds
The month of January in Ambra experiences essentially constant cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy remaining about 54% throughout the month. The highest chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 56% on January 21.
The clearest day of the month is January 30, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 48% of the time.
For reference, on January 21, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 56%, while on July 21, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 83%.
Cloud Cover Categories in January
Cloud Cover Categories in January in Ambra1815222911223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%DecFebJul 2183%Jul 2183%Jan 146%Jan 146%Jan 3147%Jan 3147%Jan 1145%Jan 1145%Jan 2144%Jan 2144%clearmostly clearpartly cloudymostly cloudyovercast
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.
Precipitation
A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. In Ambra, the chance of a wet day over the course of January is essentially constant, remaining around 21% throughout.
For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 31% on November 16, and its lowest chance is 11% on August 4.
Over the course of January in Ambra, the chance of a day with only rain remains an essentially constant 19% throughout, the chance of a day with mixed snow and rain remains an essentially constant 2% throughout, and the chance of a day with only snow remains an essentially constant 0% throughout.
Probability of Precipitation in January
The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).
Rainfall
To show variation within the month and not just the monthly total, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day.
The average sliding 31-day rainfall during January in Ambra is essentially constant, remaining about 1.7 inches throughout, and rarely exceeding 3.5 inches or falling below 0.1 inches.
The lowest average 31-day accumulation is 1.6 inches on January 21.
Average Monthly Rainfall in January
The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average liquid-equivalent snowfall.
Sun
Over the course of January in Ambra, the length of the day is increasing. From the start to the end of the month, the length of the day increases by 51 minutes, implying an average daily increase of 1 minute, 42 seconds, and weekly increase of 11 minutes, 54 seconds.
The shortest day of the month is January 1, with 9 hours, 2 minutes of daylight and the longest day is January 31, with 9 hours, 53 minutes of daylight.
Hours of Daylight and Twilight in January
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.
The latest sunrise of the month in Ambra is 7:46 AM on January 3 and the earliest sunrise is 15 minutes earlier at 7:30 AM on January 31.
The earliest sunset is 4:48 PM on January 1 and the latest sunset is 36 minutes later at 5:23 PM on January 31.
Daylight saving time is observed in Ambra during 2018, but it neither starts nor ends during January, so the entire month is in standard time.
For reference, on June 21, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 5:32 AM and sets 15 hours, 25 minutes later, at 8:57 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 7:42 AM and sets 8 hours, 57 minutes later, at 4:40 PM.
Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in January
The solar day over the course of January. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.
Humidity
We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.
The chance that a given day will be muggy in Ambra is essentially constant during January, remaining around 0% throughout.
For reference, on August 7, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 13% of the time, while on January 1, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time.
Humidity Comfort Levels in January
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.
Wind
This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.
The average hourly wind speed in Ambra is essentially constant during January, remaining within 0.2 miles per hour of 7.8 miles per hour throughout.
For reference, on February 24, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 8.3 miles per hour, while on August 11, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 6.1 miles per hour.
Average Wind Speed in January
The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
The hourly average wind direction in Ambra throughout January is predominantly from the east, with a peak proportion of 37% on January 12.
Wind Direction in January
Wind Direction in January in Ambra1815222911223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310%100%20%80%40%60%60%40%80%20%100%0%DecFebwestsoutheastnorth
northeastsouthwest
The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions, excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1.0 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).
Water Temperature
Ambra is located near a large body of water (e.g., ocean, sea, or large lake). This section reports on the wide-area average surface temperature of that water.
The average surface water temperature in Ambra is gradually decreasing during January, falling by 2°F, from 59°F to 57°F, over the course of the month.
Average Water Temperature in January
The daily average water temperature (purple line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
Growing


text:
The east met the west with the building of the Tamiami Trail.Opened up to traffic in Collier County on April 26, 1928, the long-anticipated highway was celebrated as the "greatest road built during the 20th century." Some have compared it to the building of the Panama Canal.
It was some feat — and one that looked like it might never happen until Barron Gift Collier came to town.
As early as 1895, Capt. J.F. Jaudon — one of Dade County's first tax assessors — dreamed of a highway linking the two coasts. He had large land holdings west of Miami in the Big Cypress and wanted to open them up to development.
In 1915, Jaudon worked with others to bring his dream to life in Tallahassee. The project began that year with various counties starting to build their sections, but it would be 13 years before the road was completed at an estimated cost of $8 million.
Some on the east coast fought the trail, saying, "You will destroy Miami. It will flood the whole city," wrote the late Maria Stone, a former Collier County school teacher.
The trail spans more than 274 miles and goes through seven counties. Seventy-six miles of the road are in Collier County. That was the longest and toughest stretch to build.
The road could have gone by another name. It was a natural squeeze of the words, Tampa and Miami, the cities it would connect at both ends, but some didn't like it.
"For a time, the spelling Tamyami was discussed, adding the 'y' for Fort Myers," wrote Ron Jamro, executive director of Collier County's museums, in his book, "Tamiami Trail: Florida's Modern Appian Way."
Back then, including Naples in the road's name wouldn't have made much sense because it was so tiny.
Construction on a section of the road south of Naples began in 1916, then later stalled after the state ran out of money. That's when Barron Collier stepped in, and the stop-and-go project got started again in 1923.
Collier wasted no time putting together an army of engineers and road builders in Everglades City — the county seat. He backed a $350,000 loan to get the project started and put his own construction company in charge of it.
Clearing crews hacked their way through trees and dense brush, driving in stakes every 100 feet to mark the center of the road. They had to lay iron rails to support a massive drilling machine. Later came the blasting crews and the dredges.
An estimated 3 million sticks of dynamite were used for the road-building project. By 1927, Florida had become the third largest consumer of dynamite in the country, Jamro wrote.
Some question whether such a project could be built today because of the damage it did to the environment.
Road workers slogged through water waist deep, battling alligators and rattlesnakes 7 feet long as they made their way through the heart of the Everglades. They worked in the sweltering sun and had to deal with raging wildfires and hurricanes.
"The mosquitoes swarmed in black clouds day and night," Stone wrote in an introduction to her collection of stories about the Tamiami Trail. "It was reported that panthers attacked the camp from time to time, drawn by the odor of fresh meat."
Walking and floating dredges dug drainage canals for the road. What came out of the canals was used to build up the roadbed. Dredges ran in 10-hour shifts and there were two shifts a day. One of the dredges can be found at the Collier Seminole State Park.
Workers who stood for too long in the water got foot rot.
"We would get what we called'muck poison' in our feet," recalled the late Meece Ellis, who operated one of the dredges, in Stone's book. "Our shoes would get full of water and sand would get in there, too, and we were walking around irritating our feet, especially the boys that worked on the dynamite crew."
It took about two weeks to kill the poison after getting medicine from the clinic, he said.
Ellis recalled a few accidents with dynamite and remembered only one death when a man fell off the dredge and "split his head wide open." In his book about the Tamiami Trail, Jamro wrote nobody died on the project.
When the project got underway, workers weren't easy to get or keep. At the time, Florida was experiencing a land boom and a surge in construction. Many of the road workers — who made 20 cents an hour — came from Alabama and Georgia. Indians worked on the project, too, and so did prisoners.
Later, when the land boom collapsed, men who had lost their jobs joined the road-building effort by the dozens.
An incentive program helped speed up construction from.7 to 1.1 miles a month, and the record was two miles built in a month, according to Jamro.
By 1926, Barron Collier had spent more than $1 million of his own fortune on the road and there were still 31 miles to go to reach the Dade line. The state soon came to his rescue, taking over the project in Collier County. Then-Gov. John W. Martin had campaigned on the promise to get it finished and he did.
For the grand opening, a motorcade of 500 cars made its way down from Tampa and behind them came the "Trail Blazers," who had pushed their Model T Fords through the wilderness along a treacherous 40-mile path to revive the project in 1923.
In Everglades City, there was a parade and a weeklong fair to celebrate the new road.
The cost of the Tamiami Trail was estimated at about $25,000 a mile. When it was completed, the Collier County News described the effort as valiant, saying: "The completion of the Tamiami Trail marks a new era in the progress of South Florida; opening a vast fertile section which is destined to become one of the most productive agriculturally in the whole United States."
The door — or road — was open to agriculture, tourism and development in Southwest Florida.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
From Digitized Images to Online Catalogs Data Mining a Sky Survey
The value of scientific digital-image libraries seldom lies in the pixels of images. For large collections of images, such as those resulting from astronomy sky surveys, the typical useful product is an online database cataloging entries of interest. We focus on the automation of the cataloging effort of a major sky survey and the availability of digital libraries in general. The SKICAT system automates the reduction and analysis of the three terabytes worth of images, expected to contain on the order of 2 billion sky objects. For the primary scientific analysis of these data, it is necessary to detect, measure, and classify every sky object. SKICAT integrates techniques for image processing, classification learning, database management, and visualization. The learning algorithms are trained to classify the detected objects and can classify objects too faint for visual classification with an accuracy level exceeding 90 percent. This accuracy level increases the number of classified objects in the final catalog threefold relative to the best results from digitized photographic sky surveys to date. Hence, learning algorithms played a powerful and enabling role and solved a difficult, scientifically significant problem, enabling the consistent, accurate classification and the ease of access and analysis of an otherwise unfathomable data set.
Copyright © 2015, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (_URL_). All rights reserved.


-1}\left(\dfrac{s}{r_w}\right)$$ .
If $$r_w = 0$$, then we assign $$\phi = \pi/2$$. If $$r_w < 0$$, then we can add $$\pi$$ to $$\phi$$ to make the angle positive, but this is not required.
The components of $$\mathbf L$$ are then given by
$$(v_x, v_y, v_z) = \dfrac{1}{s}(r_x, r_y, r_z)$$
$$(m_x, m_y, m_z) = \dfrac{1}{s}\left[(u_x, u_y, u_z) - dr_w(v_x, v_y, v_z)\right] = \dfrac{1}{s}\left[(u_x, u_y, u_z) + \dfrac{r_wu_w}{s^2}(r_x, r_y, r_z)\right]$$ .
In the special case that $$r_w = \pm 1$$, the motor must be a pure translation with $$d = 0$$, $$\phi = 0$$, and $$\mathbf (v_x, v_y, v_z) = (0, 0, 0)$$.
Square Root
The square root of a quaternion can be calculated by summing with the identity and renormalizing. If we attempt to do the same thing with a motor $$\mathbf Q$$, we find that it works only under certain conditions. However, such a calculation does give us a starting point from which we can make a correction for the general case.
Using the exponential form of $$\mathbf Q$$, we first examine the weight norm of $$\mathbf Q + {\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}$$ and find that
$$\left\Vert\mathbf Q + \smash{\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}\right\Vert_\unicode{x25CB} = \sqrt{\sin^2\phi + (\cos^2\phi + 1)^2} = \sqrt{\vphantom{\sin^2\phi}2 + 2Q_\smash{\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}}$$ ,
where $$Q_{\large\unicode{x1D7D9}} = \cos\phi$$. Applying the trigonometric identity $$\cos^2(\phi/2) = (1 + \cos\phi)/2$$, we can rewrite this as
$$\left\Vert\mathbf Q + \smash{\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}\right\Vert_\unicode{x25CB} = 2\cos(\phi/2)$$ .
Applying several more trigonometric identities, we now observe
$$\dfrac{\mathbf Q + {\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}}{\left\Vert\mathbf Q + \smash{\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}\right\Vert_\unicode{x25CB}} = \dfrac{\mathbf Q + {\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}}{2\cos(\phi/2)} = \mathbf L\sin(\phi/2) + \left(\dfrac{d}{2} \mathbin{\unicode{x27C7}} \mathbf L\right)\cos(\phi/2) - \dfrac{d}{2}\sin(\phi/2) + {\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}\cos(\phi/2) - \left(\dfrac{d}{2} \mathbin{\unicode{x27C7}} \mathbf L\right)\sin(\phi/2)\tan(\phi/2) - \dfrac{d}{2}\sin(\phi/2)$$ .
The first four terms are exactly the square root of $$\mathbf Q$$ because the distance $$d$$ and angle $$\phi$$ have both been halved. But there are two additional terms that we need to eliminate. If just so happens that
$$\dfrac{\mathbf Q + {\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}}{\left\Vert\mathbf Q + \smash{\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}\right\Vert_\unicode{x25CB}} \mathbin{\unicode{x27C7}} \dfrac{d}{2}\tan(\phi/2) = \left(\dfrac{d}{2} \mathbin{\unicode{x27C7}} \mathbf L\right)\sin(\phi/2)\tan(\phi/2) + \dfrac{d}{2}\sin(\phi/2)$$ ,
which means that
$$\sqrt{\mathbf Q} = \dfrac{\mathbf Q + {\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}}{\sqrt{2 + 2Q_\smash{\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}}} \mathbin{\unicode{x27C7}} \left({\large\unicode{x1D7D9}} + \dfrac{d}{2}\tan(\phi/2)\right)$$ .
The scalar component of $$\mathbf Q$$ can be rewritten as $$Q_{\mathbf 1} = -d\sin\phi = -2d\sin(\phi/2)\cos(\phi/2) $$. Dividing this by $$2 + 2Q_{\large\unicode{x1D7D9}} = 4\cos^2(\phi/2)$$ yields
$$\dfrac{Q_\mathbf 1}{2 + 2Q_{\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}} = -\dfrac{d}{2}\tan(\phi/2)$$ .
The square root of a general motor $$\mathbf Q$$ is thus given by
$$\sqrt{\mathbf Q} = \dfrac{\mathbf Q + {\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}}{\sqrt{2 + 2Q_\smash{\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}}} \mathbin{\unicode{x27C7}} \left({\large\unicode{x1D7D9}} - \dfrac{Q_\mathbf 1}{2 + 2Q_{\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}}\right)$$ .
If $$\mathbf Q$$ is a simple motor, then $$Q_{\mathbf 1} = 0$$, and this reduces to
$$\sqrt{\mathbf Q} = \dfrac{\mathbf Q + {\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}}{\sqrt{2 + 2Q_\smash{\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}}} = \dfrac{\mathbf Q + {\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}}{\left\Vert\mathbf Q + \smash{\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}\right\Vert_\unicode{x25CB}}$$ .
Factorization
Any unitized motor $$\mathbf Q$$ can be factored into the product of a motor $$\mathbf R = r_x \mathbf e_{41} + r_y \mathbf e_{42} + r_z \mathbf e_{43} + r_w {\large\unicode{x1D7D9}}$$ corresponding to a pure rotation about a line through the origin and a motor $$\mathbf T$$ corresponding to a pure translation by calculating
$$\mathbf T = \mathbf Q \mathbin{\unicode{x27C7}} \mathbf{\underset{\Large\unicode{x7E}}{R}}$$ .
The motor $$\mathbf T$$ is then given by
$$\


Tolkien Gateway
Gondor's Golden Age during the time of Hyarmendacil I.
The Ship-kings was a title given to four great Kings of Gondor during its "golden age", starting with King Tarannon Falastur, and his three successors:
Their influence was such that, at the end of the reign of Hyarmendacil I, Gondor had reached a peak of strength and power that it would never again surpass. Indeed, the period of the ship-kings was followed by a period of stagnation, disasters and wars, that led to its decline.[1]


text:
With a passion of collecting rare and historical relics and artefacts, 40-year-old Satya Ketan Mohanty has over 8,000 items in his collection. He wants to establish a museum in Western Odisha.
He has been collecting priceless items from over the last two decades that range from musical instruments to coins. These items date back to the Ashokan era.
A resident of Bargarh, Mr Mohanty said that he has been collecting for over 23 years.
He has divided his collection of rare antique items into 14 sections. It includes gold coins. He has claimed that these coins are from the Ganga dynasty, from Ashoka and Kushana dynasty and the ones belonging from the period of Raziya Sultan and those issued by kingdoms in Gujarat and Rajasthan. He has a total collection of more than 1000 coins.
He has also said that his collection has items from the Buddhist and Jurassic era. Over 100 fossils, rare seashells, rare musical instruments, arms and weapons, ornaments of tribal people, over 350 rocks and minerals are part of his collection.
Mr Mohanty also maintains a treasure trove of over 2,000 types of postage stamps, old envelopes, letters, palm leaf manuscripts and around 800 types of herbal dry products among other things. He said that he has spent half of his total earnings to create his collection.
"I will establish a museum in western Odisha in the near future on my own, which will help the young generation to know about the rich history and culture of India," he said.


text:
Swan Lake Refuge is managed as "a refuge and breeding ground for migratory birds and other wildlife". The purposes of the refuge are:
(1) to act as a refuge and breeding ground for migratory birds and other wildlife
(2) for use as an inviolate sanctuary, or for any other management purpose, for migratory birds
(3) to carry out the national migratory bird management program.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service began purchasing the 10,795 acres in 1937. Following purchase of the land, the Civilian Conservation Corps began work on the refuge, creating wetlands, constructing roads and buildings, and initiating the refuge farming program.
Since establishment of the refuge, the primary emphasis on waterfowl species has changed from ducks to the eastern prairie population of Canada geese. Canada geese were first observed on the refuge in the early 1940s, and numbers increased gradually to peak populations of 150,000 to 200,000 annually during the early 1970s. Today, Canada geese are commonly seen on the refuge but not in the large concentrations that they were in years past. Currently, the refuge is managed for migratory birds including waterfowl, geese, and shorebirds. It also provides natural habitat for many neo-tropical migrating species of birds. Swan Lake National Wildlife Refuge is designated as an Important Birding Area for Missouri.
Swan Lake National Wildlife Refuge
16194 Swan Lake Ave.
Sumner, MO 64681


text:
Science Center in Nahant, MA. At the final stage, the network will consist of at least five SM 975 Teledyne Benthos acoustic smart modems, with one wirelessly connected to the shore through a smart buoy of our design. This paper describes the interface for programming these modems and how we used it to implement a fundamental protocol to be used as performance benchmark for more advanced underwater solutions.
Gianmarco Vella, Student at Advanced Materials Processing Lab (AMPL)
The need for heating at nanoscale has pushed researchers in the study of reactive, nanostructured composites known as nanoheaters. Major topics of interest are the best conditions for consolidation, composition, and ignition of these innovative heat sources. This work presents a new method of ignition for nanoheaters, known as non contact microwave ignition, distinguishing itself from previously developed direct heat application methods. Al-Ni nanoheaters were fabricated through ultrasonic powder consolidation (UPC) with embedded aluminum and copper wires. The conductive properties of the embedded wires, acting as susceptors when exposed to electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range, were found to induce enough heat to Al-Ni nanoheaters to facilitate ignition. This nullifies the requirement of direct heat application to the fabricated nanoheaters to produce ignition. In addition to testing in gaseous environment, this new method of ignition for nanostructured, reactive composites was also tested in vacuum, verifying its effectiveness in a non-gaseous environment.


text:
Phytochemical characters of Nyctanthes arbo-tristis Linn.: A promising medicinal plant
Rashmi T Chamoli, Shikha Minj and Vikaspal Singh
The importance of medicinal plant in drug development is known to us and humans have used them for different diseases from the beginning of human history. Nyctanthes arbor-tristis is a valuable medicinal plant which belongs to the family oleaceae. The plant generally grows in tropical and subtropical region. Plant parts were collected randomly from four states of India i.e. Chhattisgarh, Tripura, Uttarakhand, and Telangana. Phytochemical activity of leaves extract of Nyctanthes arbortristis. The crude powder extracts of the leaves of the above plants were taken for the study. Analysis of phytochemical of Nyctanthesarbortristis for the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, carbohydrates and alkaloids, using standard methods. Phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, flavonoids proteins and alkaloids were present in Nyctanthes arbortristis.


If I pick up a rock and set it on a ledge above my head, I do work in the process. The work I do is termed "potential energy". We know how to recover the energy (i.e. let it fall back to earth).
However, while resting above the surface the energy is said to be "stored in the gravitational field", presumably meaning the space between the elevated rock and earth. Suppose we perform this experiment on the moon where we know the space between the elevated rock and surface consists of an empty vacuum of space which contains absolutely nothing. How can empty space store energy? That is, how can "nothing" have any properties whatsoever?
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ Just because there is a vaccuum (lack or air) on the moon doesn#t mean there isn#t a gravitational field... $\endgroup$ – Polygnome Aug 6 '16 at 19:32
 - $\begingroup$ It's called "spacetime" and it is considered a physical object. The vacuum is simply not empty. Whether the vacuum energy is "stored" the same was as for other fields is not clear. Personally I don't think it is, but we don't fully understand what's going on, yet. $\endgroup$ – CuriousOne Aug 6 '16 at 19:35
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ For a standard spring, the force in the spring is $kx$. But the space-time fabric is a "strange spring" where the force is $\frac{k}{x^2}$. Space-time can be thought of as an invisible spring that can store energy. $\endgroup$ – Inquisitive Aug 6 '16 at 20:37
 - $\begingroup$ I have come to the same conclusion as "Curiousone." Space is not empty, rather has attributes such as compressibility. Space-time fabric provides a logical mechanism for the basic formation of mass (i.e., compressed space), explains why mass has energy, and provides a mechanism for the phenomenon of gravity. As a physicist who has studied gravity most of my life, I find it strange that modern physics has not embraced "space-time" as a tangible physical object that posses attributes of size, time, energy (compression), etc. $\endgroup$ – M. Pope Aug 7 '16 at 16:49
You're right: potential energy, as taught in introductory physics courses, is a "cheat".
On a fundamental level, there's no such thing -- there's only energy stored in fields. Since field descriptions are more complicated, your course glossed over it by calling the field energy "potential energy". It's totally fine for solving problems, since the bookkeeping is the same, but it can be confusing if you ask where the energy actually is. This is a big logical hole in intro courses.
In your case, the energy is stored in the gravitational field between the two objects. It's totally analogous to how energy is stored in the electric field between two charges. Here, the gravitational field is the metric tensor $g_{\mu\nu}$ and the presence of the masses perturbs it from the flat metric $\eta_{\mu\nu}$.
This gravitational field is not "nothing", even if there are no matter particles there. Its value, energy density, momentum density, etc. can all be measured and observed. In fact, from a modern perspective, there are only fields. Even the rock in your example is just a complicated excitation of the electron, quark, gluon, etc. quantum fields.
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 - 2
 $\begingroup$ Yours is a great answer. We engineers generally don't take modern physics classes because they're not needed for low-velocity situations like terrestrial structural analysis, etc. For example, a course in Special Relativity isn't required for a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering. And it wouldn't be covered on the EIT and PE exams. Your answer makes me wish I majored in Physics so that I could have a more complete understanding about how the universe works. Again, great answer! $\endgroup$ – Inquisitive Aug 6 '16 at 20:30
 - $\begingroup$ As you said, the energy is actually stored in the space between the two be it gravity or electric since it can be measured. And I agree "the gravitational field is not 'nothing'." And there are no particles there, else we measure those too. Whatever is present is just too small to identify, perhaps on the order of Planck's length (~10-35 m). SPACE the final frontier........ $\endgroup$ – M. Pope Aug 9 '16 at 16:02
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_.Pope "Whatever is present is just too small to identify" is probably a misunderstanding of this answer. The gravitational field is present. Fields are the fundamental objects in the universe, not particles; particles are just excitations of fields, and observers in different frames may not even agree if a particle is present or not. $\endgroup$ – probably_someone Apr 10 '18 at 17:11
 - $\begingroup$ "there are only fields" Yet these fields describe the probability to find a particle. $\endgroup$ – my2cts Nov 23 at 10:25
 - $\begingroup$ Here is something to scratch your head over: the gravitational field between two large sheets of matter is essentially zero. Change the separation between the sheets and you're changing the volume of that "zero" region. Potential energy, then, relates not to added stresses in the region between the sheets but to reduced stresses in the overall outside volume of space. $\endgroup$ – S. McGrew Nov 23 at 14:07
Gravitational Potential Energy is the difference in the total energy of a mass between two points in space as a direct consequence of the difference in the length of a metre between the two locations.
In other words, it is a direct result of gravitational length contraction.
The total energy of a mass can be expressed as $$E=mc^2$$
But it is also Force × Distance I.e. it's the distance that a 1N force can be applied by the mass if all of its energy is released..
During free fall, the unit of distance decreases at a rate of $$g/c^2$$ wrt distance fallen.
Therefore the total energy of a mass reduces at a rate of $$mc^2g/c^2$$ Or $$mg$$ wrt distance fallen due to gravitational length contraction.
The change in total energy over a given change in height, mgh (or more generally over a given change in gravitational potential) is what we call Gravitational Potential Energy.
Gravitational length contraction is the result of a reduction in the wavelength of light between the two locations.
| cite | improve this answer | |


't have cancer no more. And there is so many other stories like that that our Native people don't share."
Some people are skeptical about such claims. Either way, American Indians suffer higher rates of diabetes and other chronic disorders. And a new federal study show Indians in the upper Midwest are more likely to die of cancer than Indians anywhere else in the country.
American Indian healers are universal in their insistence they have no power to perform miracles. But all agree on the power of prayer and faith.
Micheal Dahl, a young spiritual leader on the White Earth Reservation, says he never expects miracles. But he believes miraculous things can happen every time he goes into a ceremony.
Dahl says one of the greatest manifestations of faith he's seen happened about two years ago. An elderly man was dying of cancer. Dahl says doctors gave the man only a few weeks to live. The man brought tobacco to Michael Dahl and asked for a ceremony. Dahl says the man was healed, the cancer gone.
"Don't explain it, don't think about it. Just show gratitude for it. Don't sit there and (say), 'How did that happen? Oh my goodness,'" says Dahl. "No! Don't try to explain it, because when you try to explain it, it loses meaning. That's the Creator's proof right there that he loves us."
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text:
A large, collaborative study by political scientists at the University of Wisconsin Oshkosh and Western Michigan University could provide new insight into how gender provisions in national constitutions affect the economic and political standing of women around the world.
The three-year project, funded by a $312,000 National Science Foundation collaborative research grant, will involve comparing the constitutions of 100 countries. The researchers will analyze constitutional provisions made for social, political and economic rights for all citizens and any special provisions made for women, mothers and families.
"There is considerable debate over whether women should pursue policies based on their equality with men, or if they should accept and embrace their differences with men and pursue policies that make allowances for these differences," said Druscilla Scribner, a UW Oshkosh assistant political science professor.
As is the case in the United States, policies based on women's equality with men come from the "liberal feminist" view that women should not be treated differently from men, Scribner explained.
On the other hand, "difference feminism" — or maternalist approaches — argue that equal treatment does not exist, so a better strategy is to advocate for special rights and protections based upon women's different needs.
New democracies, and some older ones, increasingly include gender provisions in their constitutions, she said. For example, the Brazilian constitution provides for a wide range of rights and guarantees, including prohibition of sex discrimination in salary and hiring, free day care and preschool, and maternity and paternity leave.
"It is not clear whether the 'gendering' of constitutions is a good deal for women's equality," Scribner said.
Besides the 100-country study, the research project also will involve a more in-depth comparative study of 15 countries in five world regions and a close qualitative analysis of six key countries in southern Africa and South America.
The UWO portion of the grant from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 allows Scribner to hire several undergraduate research assistants.
"This has the added benefit of exposing students to quantitative and qualitative research methods of political science, legal studies and women's studies, and it gives our students a paid opportunity to gain hands-on social science research experience," she said.
Results of the multiyear project will contribute to the debate on gender quality, and studies of law and social change, Scribner said. "At a broader level, this research could potentially reshape and inform the strategies of women's advocacy groups, both domestic and international."


The digital age is very much a part of 21st century youth culture, and we need to ensure that young people are prepared for the multi-media and social media world through an 'interactively active, actively interactive' Curriculum for Life.
The social, cultural and economic benefits and the potential to provide a truly holistic physical, mental and emotionally well-rounded British citizen through 21st century interactive mobile lifestyles presents as many challenges as it does opportunities going forward.
The YC Digiwise project provides an integrated intergenerational youth centred approach that will see digital equality, diversity and inclusion through sport, art, culture and digital technology - an _TAG_…
Please see - Changing Lives: the social impact of participation in culture and sport
YC DCMS Social Impact Inquiry submission (2018)


Sunday, November 13, 2011
Improbable regular cognates
In Zenaga (the Berber language of Mauritania), the word for "slave" is oʔḅḅäy.
In the "Shelha" Berber spoken near Touggourt, the word for "black" is aɣəggal. (In Tamasheq - Malian Tuareg - ɣǎggal means "to be brown".)
As you've probably guessed from the title, these are originally the same word. The semantic shift is sadly predictable, given Saharan history, but how can the consonants be related? Well:
Zenaga ʔ regularly corresponds to pan-Berber ɣ, eg iʔf "head" = iɣəf, iʔy "arm" = iɣil, iʔssi "bone" = iɣəs.
Proto-Berber *ww becomes bb in Zenaga and gg(ʷ) almost everywhere else in Berber, eg "year": Zenaga äššäbbaš = pan-Berber asəgg(ʷ)as.
Pan-Berber l becomes Zenaga y word-finally, eg ađ̣abbäy "male in-law" = pan-Berber aḍəgg(ʷ)al. But if you add the feminine ending -t, the resulting cluster lt becomes L. Sure enough, "slave (f.)" in Zenaga is toʔḅḅäL.
So if you're tired of repeating Armenian "erku" = English "two" every time you need an example of a non-trivial sound change, consider opting for a Berber example.
(All Zenaga data from Taine-Cheikh 2010; Tamasheq data from Heath 2006; Touggourt (specifically Tala n Aʕməṛ) data courtesy of a friend. The correspondences in question are discussed in more detail in Kossmann 1999.)
lethargic-man said...
I didn't know that. I went in search of evidence from the Net of a Thousand Lies, and this post of yours now occupies places 3 and 4 on googling the appropriate words. :o)
consider opting for a Berber example.
...if you know enough Berber to know how to pronounce and ä and ǎ (and ʔ and ɣ)...
Anonymous said...
Hi Lameen nice post :-)
I want to mention:
ungal: used for black and brown in the Moroccan High-Atlas [south-central&east]
The root GL ->>
ssengel: se mettre de Kohol
ungal: qui a les paupières noires
source| M.Kossmann 'essai sur la phonologie du proto-berbère
iqelian (Sous) et -iqelliun- (A. Ba3mran); coll. pl. que l'on doit rapporter à un mot -ghuel- (Ouargla), être bleu foncé d'ou -agheggal-, adjectief de couleur, bleu^noir -ungal-: noir (Dads)
source | Dictionnaire Berbère / Français - Dialecte des Ntifa par M.DRAY
Claire said...
That's definitely going on the list! Thanks!
Zeus said...
/agheggwal/ =black is used in Shawi berber among the tribe of Ighassiren (whose territory stretches fom tifelfal to Ghoufi on ighzer amellal). two miles from tifelfal in taghit (on the sam river bank inhabited by ait buliman) it is no longer /agheggwal/ but /aberkan/ for black!!!!!!


text:
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Export controls regulate the shipment or transfer, by whatever means, of controlled items, software, technology, or services out of U.S or within the US to non-US individuals. As this is a complex and complicated topic, it is recommended that researchers visit CUNY's Export Control for a detailed explanation of Export Control regulations how they affect research activities, international collaborations, and export-related transactions at CUNY. This website will provide links to key sections of the regulations, CUNY's procedures addressing the types of items that the government controls, and CUNY contacts for export control administration.
CUNY SPS Export Control Administrator:
Assistant Dean of Institutional Effectiveness and Planning


VMOVL, V{Q}MOVN, VQMOVUN
VMOVL (Vector Move Long) takes each element in a doubleword vector, sign or zero extends them to twice their original length, and places the results in a quadword vector.
VMOVN (Vector Move and Narrow) copies the least significant half of each element of a quadword vector into the corresponding elements of a doubleword vector.
VQMOVN (Vector Saturating Move and Narrow) copies each element of the operand vector to the corresponding element of the destination vector. The result element is half the width of the operand element, and values are saturated to the result width.
VQMOVUN (Vector Saturating Move and Narrow, signed operand with Unsigned result) copies each element of the operand vector to the corresponding element of the destination vector. The result element is half the width of the operand element, and values are saturated to the result width.
Show/hideSyntax
VMOVL{cond}.datatype Qd, Dm
V{Q}MOVN{cond}.datatype Dd, Qm
VQMOVUN{cond}.datatype Dd, Qm
where:
Q
if present, specifies that the results are saturated.
cond
is an optional condition code.
datatype
must be one of:
S8, S16, S32
for VMOVL
U8, U16, U62
for VMOVL
I16, I32, I64
for VMOVN
S16, S32, S64
for VQMOVN or VQMOVUN
U16, U32, U64
for VQMOVN.
Qd, Dm
specifies the destination vector and the operand vector for VMOVL.
Dd, Qm
specifies the destination vector and the operand vector for V{Q}MOV{U}N.
Show/hideSee also
Reference
Copyright © 2010-2011 ARM. All rights reserved.ARM DUI 0489F
Non-ConfidentialID091611


text:
Originally posted at Young America's Foundation, November 20, 2015 •
On November 19, at the University of Missouri in Columbia, conservative powerhouse Ben Shapiro addressed an overflow crowd of supportive students, while garnering an additional 130,000 online viewers in an event sponsored by Young America's Foundation.
Mr. Shapiro's lecture, entitled "Truth is a Microaggression," packed so many students into Mizzou's Ellis Auditorium that an offsite overflow room had to be utilized. Throughout his remarks, Shapiro drew huge applause from an overwhelmingly supportive crowd. The extensive question and answer session was dominated by conservative students seeking advice on how to combat their campus' liberal professors and students.
Shapiro began his speech by telling Mizzou students to "grow up." He condemned the school's liberal activists for falsifying "stupid garbage" to provide evidence to support their narrative of white privilege. The lecture systematically deconstructed every facet of the Mizzou protesters' argument, from the concepts of safe spaces, microaggressions, and privilege, to their hunger strikes and lies about being run over by cars.
Reports indicated that liberal protesters attempted to pull a fire alarm to disrupt Shapiro's speech. Unfortunately for them, the event was an absolute triumph for sanity at Mizzou. At one point an alumnus took to the microphone simply to thank Shapiro for standing up to the school's liberal community.
The success of the event should send a powerful message to the country: There is a silent majority on our nation's campuses that is desperate for an outlet. View the address in video below:


text:
- a pen, usually with a broad felt tip, for marking passages, as in a textbook
- a cosmetic preparation for adding bright color to the eyes or cheeks
See highlighter in American Heritage Dictionary 4
- A usually fluorescent marker used to mark important passages of text.
- A cosmetic for emphasizing areas of the face, such as the eyes or cheekbones.
Learn more about highlighter


Bayad Name Meaning
Bayad is a Muslim Girl Name. Bayad name meaning is Awareness. It has multiple Islamic meaning. The name is originated from. The lucky number of Bayad name is 8.
Name Bayad
Meaning Awareness
Gender Girl
Lucky Number 8
Religion Muslim
Lucky Days Thursday, Friday
Lucky Colors Light Green, Peach
Lucky Stones Sapphire
Lucky Metals Silver, Copper
Bayad Name Meaning and History
Bayad is a Muslim Girl name Acording to Numerology Predictions, lucky number for Bayad is 8. Bayad name meaning in english are Awareness.
People believes to have their Lucky Days according to their names, Thursday, Friday are Favourable and Lucky Days for name Bayad and lucky metals are Silver, Copper for Bayad name holders.
Lucky colors for Bayad are Light Green, Peach and Bayad name is famous in our names dictionary, and has been searched 48276 times, which is Forty-eight thousand two hundred seventy-six times.
Bayad is listed in the Girls directory of Girls Islamic names meaning section, and can be searched easily online or you can check in alphabetic "B" of the Girls Muslim names area. There are almost 462 baby Girl names which start with alphabet B in our names section. You can also check the Bayad Name meaning in Urdu in our Muslim Urdu names area.
Q. What does Bayad name mean?
Bayad name meaning in Urdu is "بیداری،جاگنا ، ہوشیاری". In English, Bayad name meaning is "Awareness".
Q. What is the Lucky Number of Bayad?
The lucky number associated with the name Bayad is "8".
Q. What is the religion of the name Bayad?
The religion of the name Bayad is Muslim.
Q. What is the origin of Bayad name?
The origin of the name Bayad is.
Q. What is the auspicious color of the name Bayad?
For the name Bayad, the lucky color is Light Green, peach.
Write Your Comments


How to Convert A Hexadecimal Number to Decimal in Excel
Sometimes we use hexadecimal numbers to mark products in daily life, and we want to convert these hexadecimal numbers to decimal numbers in some situations. We can convert number between two number types by convert tool online, actually we can also convert numbers by function in excel as well. In excel, =HEX2DEC(number) can help you to convert hexadecimal number to decimal properly, and on the other side, you can use =DEX2HEX(number) to convert decimal to hexadecimal number.
1. Convert Hex Number to Decimal in Excel
As we mentioned above, we can use HEX2DEC function to convert numbers conveniently. Just prepare a table with two columns, one column is used for recording HEX numbers, the second column is used for saving the converted decimal numbers.
Convert A Hexadecimal Number to Decimal 1
Step1: in B1 enter the formula:
=HEX2DEC(A2)
Convert A Hexadecimal Number to Decimal 2
Step2: Click Enter to get returned value. So 21163 in B2 is the mapping decimal number for 52AB.
Convert A Hexadecimal Number to Decimal 3
Step3: Drag the fill handle down to fill the following cells.
Convert A Hexadecimal Number to Decimal 4
Verify that all hexadecimal numbers are converted to decimal numbers correctly. You can also double check the result by convert tool online to make sure the result is correct.
Note:
Sometimes hexadecimal numbers are displayed like 0x52AB, user can remove 0x before 52AB and then use HEX2DEC function to convert number.
2. Convert Decimal to Hex Number in Excel
Prepare another table, the first column is Decimal, the second column is Hex Number.
Convert A Hexadecimal Number to Decimal 5
Step1: in B10 enter the formula:
 =HEX2DEC(A2)
Convert A Hexadecimal Number to Decimal 6
Step2: Click Enter to get returned value. So 4D2 in B10 is the mapping hex number for 1234.
Convert A Hexadecimal Number to Decimal 7
Step3: Drag the fill handle down to fill the following cells.
Convert A Hexadecimal Number to Decimal 8
Note:
There are some other functions to convert numbers between different types. See below screenshot.
Convert A Hexadecimal Number to Decimal 9
Convert A Hexadecimal Number to Decimal 10
Convert A Hexadecimal Number to Decimal 11
3. Video: Converting Hex Numbers to Decimal and Decimal to Hex
In this video, we'll explore two essential skills: converting Hexadecimal numbers to Decimal and Decimal numbers to Hex in Excel.
4. SAMPLE FIlES
Below are sample files in Microsoft Excel that you can download for reference if you wish.


Skip to main content
CRUD operations
The Entity Service API is built on top of the the Query Engine API and uses it to perform CRUD operations on entities.
The uid parameter used in function calls for this API is a string built with the following format: [category]::[content-type] where category is one of: admin, plugin or api.
Examples:
 - A correct uid to get users of the Strapi admin panel is admin::user.
 - A possible uid for the Upload plugin could be plugin::upload.file.
 - As the uids for user-defined custom content-types follow the api::[content-type] syntax, if a content-type article exists, it is referenced by api::article.article.
💡 Tip
Run the strapi content-types:list command in a terminal to display all possible content-types' uids for a specific Strapi instance.
findOne()
Finds the first entry matching the parameters.
Syntax: findOne(uid: string, id: ID, parameters: Params)Entry
Parameters
ParameterDescriptionType
fieldsAttributes to returnString[]
populateRelations, components and dynamic zones to populatePopulateParameter
Example
const entry = await strapi.entityService.findOne('api::article.article', 1, {
fields: ['title', 'description'],
populate: { category: true },
});
findMany()
Finds entries matching the parameters.
Syntax: findMany(uid: string, parameters: Params)Entry[]
Parameters
ParameterDescriptionType
fieldsAttributes to returnString[]
filtersFilters to useFiltersParameters
startNumber of entries to skip (see pagination)Number
limitNumber of entries to return (see pagination)Number
sortOrder definitionOrderByParameter
populateRelations, components and dynamic zones to populatePopulateParameter
publicationStatePublication state, can be:
 - live to return only published entries
 - preview to return both draft entries & published entries (default)
PublicationStateParameter
Example
const entries = await strapi.entityService.findMany('api::article.article', {
fields: ['title', 'description'],
filters: { title: 'Hello World' },
sort: { createdAt: 'DESC' },
populate: { category: true },
});
💡 Tip
To retrieve only draft entries, combine the preview publication state and the publishedAt fields:
const entries = await strapi.entityService.findMany('api::article.article', {
publicationState: 'preview',
filters: {
publishedAt: {
$null: true,
},
},
});
create()
Creates one entry and returns it
Syntax: create(uid: string, parameters: Params)Entry
Parameters
ParameterDescriptionType
fieldsAttributes to returnString[]
populateRelations, components and dynamic zones to populatePopulateParameter
dataInput dataObject
💡 Tip
In the data object, relations can be managed with the connect, disconnect, and set parameters using the syntax described for the REST API (see managing relations).
Example
const entry = await strapi.entityService.create('api::article.article', {
data: {
title: 'My Article',
},
});
update()
Updates one entry and returns it.
✏ Note
update() only performs a partial update, so existing fields that are not included won't be replaced.
Syntax: update(uid: string, id: ID, parameters: Params)Entry
💡 Tip
In the data object, relations can be managed with the connect, disconnect, and set parameters using the syntax described for the REST API (see managing relations).
Parameters
ParameterDescriptionType
fieldsAttributes to returnString[]
populateRelations, components and dynamic zones to populatePopulateParameter
dataInput dataobject
Example
const entry = await strapi.entityService.update('api::article.article', 1, {
data: {
title: 'xxx',
},
});
delete()
Deletes one entry and returns it.
Syntax: delete(uid: string, id: ID, parameters: Params)Entry
Parameters
ParameterDescriptionType
fieldsAttributes to returnString[]
populateRelations, components and dynamic zones to populatePopulateParameter
Example
const entry = await strapi.entityService.delete('api::article.article', 1);


Issue 11, 2024
Anoplophora graafi longhorn beetle coloration is due to disordered diamond-like packed spheres
Abstract
While artificial photonic materials are typically highly ordered, photonic structures in many species of birds and insects do not possess a long-range order. Studying their order–disorder interplay sheds light on the origin of the photonic band gap. Here, we investigated the scale morphology of the Anoplophora graafi longhorn beetle. Combining small-angle X-ray scattering and slice-and-view FIB-SEM tomography with molecular dynamics and optical simulations, we characterised the chitin sphere assemblies within blue and green A. graafi scales. The low volume fraction of spheres and the number of their nearest neighbours are incompatible with any known close-packed sphere morphology. A short-range diamond lattice with long-range disorder best describes the sphere assembly, which will inspire the development of new colloid-based photonic materials.
Graphical abstract: Anoplophora graafi longhorn beetle coloration is due to disordered diamond-like packed spheres
Supplementary files
Article information
Article type
Paper
Submitted
17 Jan 2024
Accepted
16 Feb 2024
First published
19 Feb 2024
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license
Soft Matter, 2024,20, 2509-2517
Anoplophora graafi longhorn beetle coloration is due to disordered diamond-like packed spheres
K. Djeghdi, C. Schumacher, V. Bauernfeind, I. Gunkel, B. D. Wilts and U. Steiner, Soft Matter, 2024, 20, 2509 DOI: 10.1039/D4SM00068D
This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications without requesting further permissions from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given.
Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.
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text:
Piratas del Caribe y el mapa secreto – Reader/Audio CD Package
Adventure, written in Present Tense
185 Unique Word Count
Adventure, suspense and deception abound in this novel based on historical fiction. Set in the 1600's, this engaging plot commandeers the reader through a pirate's quest for a secret map and leaves him/her with rich treasures of crucial vocabulary and enhanced language skills.
The low unique word count and high frequency factor (the number of times core structures are embedded in the text) make this an ideal read for beginning Spanish students. Each page is loaded with cognates (words that are similar in English and Spanish), recycled vocabulary, and illustrations, which makes this read highly comprehensible. Enjoy the story! The more you enjoy it, the more you will acquire Spanish without even realizing it! Happy reading!
All Fluency Matters materials are protected by U.S. Copyright Law. No portion of any book, unless represented as reproducible, may be reproduced or used in any manner without the express written consent from Fluency Matters. Unlawful duplication of materials and file sharing, including photo-copying, scanning, uploading to a server, disseminating materials via email, or posting on the internet, regardless if a site is password-protected, is strictly prohibited and punishable by law. Thank you for honoring our teacher-authors and respecting copyright.


text:
In order to ensure that the experiment has accurate guidance for the inlet cylinder casting, the stepped shaped test block with the same main wall thickness as the inlet cylinder is selected. The section wall thickness of the step is 400 mm, 150 mm and 70 mm, and the length of each section is 220 mm. It is shown in Fig. 1.
According to the theoretical analysis and the practical experience of our company in other high-end ductile iron castings research, the carbon equivalent CE in the melting process and the amount of scrap charge as the main variable factors were set as the control group. For CE setting, the reasonable matching of C and Si contents is mainly considered, and the control group with different C and Si contents is set for grouping study. The addition amount of scrap charge is a process measure matching with the content of C element. The control group is set to study the influence trend of shrinkage cavity and porosity, and the reasonable addition proportion is finally selected. The composition of the casting test block is set as the target component of the final product after the molten iron is spheroidized and inoculated.
The control group was poured and analyzed. The shrinkage cavity and porosity tendency of casting and the morphology of thick and large section graphite were analyzed and studied in the detection and test link. The shrinkage cavity and porosity tendency was mainly studied by UT detection and physical and chemical anatomy, and the graphite morphology was mainly studied by metallographic examination and physical and chemical property testing.


text:
The Maritime Provinces Higher Education Commission releasing a survey on the attitudes of students who finish their first degree.
92 per cent were either satisfied or very satisfied with the quality of the teaching they received. 95 per cent were happy with the class sizes and a similar number were satisfied with the availability of professors.
When it comes to how much money it cost, only 62 per cent of all first-degree holders considered the financial investment they had made worthwhile.
The more money students borrowed to finance their education, the less likely they were to report that it was well worth it.


Reblogged from FuturisTrendcast:
Global Consequences: Russia Announces Eurasian Union and New Currency Altyn
The Presidents of Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus have officially announced that the transition of the semi-formal Customs Union into the formal economic Eurasian Union will be expedited and completed by 2015. The Eurasian Union will adopt a new currency: Altyn (Rus: Алтын). Vladimir Putin announced that Altyn as the new Eurasian currency was originally planned for 2025, but now, due to the US/EU sanctions against Russia, the transition to Altyn may occur within 3-5 years.
Altyn has a very ancient and long-ranging history. Altyn means gold. The word is of Turkic origin (not to be confused with Turkish). The Turkic family of languages includes languages spoken by the Siberian peoples, Tatars, Mongols, and of course, Kazakhs.
Altyn was the name of the ancient gold coin once used by Russians extensively for trade with Turkic and Arabic neighbors. Later, in medieval times, altyn, or "altynnik," became one of the regular Russian coins. In 15th century, altyn equalled six Moscow dengi, or 1/200s of a Moscow ruble. It also equaled three Novgorod dengi, or 1/100s of a Novgorod ruble. Denga was also called "kopeika" (kopeika is presently the 1/100s of a ruble). In the ancient times it was also called the arian "kuna."
The old Russian proverb was: "Had nothing, and all of a sudden, altyn." Rus: "Не было ни гроша, да вдруг алтын". This is an equvalent of English: "From rags to riches." In those days kopeikas and altyns were big money. And only the rich owned rubles. Of course, back then all currency was real gold, silver and bronze.
In this regard, the original meaning of Altyn, "gold," is very telling. Through Altyn, Russia/Kazakhstan/Belarus, in short the new Eurasian Union, are sending a signal that they are targeting the gold standard. Along with China also targeting the gold standard through the Yuan, the new Eurasian currency will lead to…
Read the rest of the article


text:
On June 17th, 2021, EPO announced the winners of the European Inventor Award 2021. This year's Award ceremony, held for the first time as a digital event, was entirely open to the public, who tuned in from around the world as the winners were announced.
In these challenging times, it is inspiring to see the creativity and dedication shown by these inventors in bringing innovative solutions to the world," said EPO President António Campinos. "Their achievements remind us that obstacles can be overcome by applying imagination, knowledge, and ingenuity. The ability to take a new idea to market also demands perseverance and a supportive environment for innovation, and the finalists and winners of the European Inventor Award 2021 are all testament to this.
An efficient, affordable and versatile solar cell film developed by Swedish innovators Henrik Lindström and Giovanni Fili is being used to power everyday self-charging electronic devices such as bicycle lights. Lindström, a chemist and technical scientist, and Fili, an entrepreneur, combined their complementary skills to pioneer the production of this innovative printed material and successfully bring their invention to market.
Flexible solar energy harvesting & storage solutions
Bonar, Centexbel and partners have developed a similar invention a few year ago, in the form of a wire shaped coaxial photovoltaic solar cell.
The patent application for this invention can be consulted in the Espacenet database.
A wire shaped coaxial photovoltaic solar cell comprising: a conductive core wire shaped support (401), a nanostructured semiconductor scaffold layer (402), one or more successive perovskite layers (403), an optionally provided hole transporting material layer (404), an outer conductor layer (405), an outer protective layer (406), characterized in that said outer conductor layer (405) comprises dispersed nanoparticles and said perovskite layers (403) are composed identically or wherein two or more of said layers have a different molecular structure and/or composition. The invention also relates to methods and apparatus for the fabrication of said wire shaped coaxial photovoltaic solar cell.


text:
Arrojadoa is a genus of cacti, comprising 6 species and several varieties. It is named after the Brazilian Miguel Arrojado Lisboa. The genus occurs only in northern Brazil and is found at rocky places, under shrubs, which support their frail stalk. They are subtropical plants, with very little frost tolerance.
The species often have frail stalks that can be upright or procumbent, reaching 2 m high and about 2 to 5 cm thick. There are from 10 to 15 ribs, and ramifications are rare, and usually occur from the base.
The flowers are nocturnal and tube-like, measuring 1 to 3 cm in length and 0.5 to 1 cm in diameter. Flower colors can be pink or carmine. The fruit is berry-like, spherical with a maximal diameter of 1.5 cm, and pink or red when ripe.


UMB Digital Archive Collection: _URL_ 2018-07-23T09:48:10Z 2018-07-23T09:48:10Z Elucidation of the nature of the plug formation process and its implications in a dosing disk machine using an instrumented Hofliger Karg GKF 330 capsule filling machine Cropp, John Worth _URL_ 2013-04-03T19:20:26Z 1992-01-01T05:00:00Z Title: Elucidation of the nature of the plug formation process and its implications in a dosing disk machine using an instrumented Hofliger Karg GKF 330 capsule filling machine Authors: Cropp, John Worth Abstract: Particle deformation, stress transmission, and bonding in compacts have been studied extensively at higher force levels such as those associated with tableting equipment. However, fundamental questions exist regarding the nature of particle behavior during compaction at low forces, such as seen with the dosator and dosing-disk type automatic capsule filling machines. There are published reports in the literature citing unusual dissolution behavior of finished capsule dosage forms for which no explanation is available. An Hofliger Karg GKF 330, a dosing-disk machine, previously instrumented to monitor tamping force, was further modified to allow for simultaneous monitoring of brass ring movement and movement of individual tamping pins. These data were used to determine powder displacement. Powder displacement data were combined with tamping force data to determine work of compaction and perform Heckel analysis. Model formulations, exhibiting classic brittle or plastically deforming type behavior, were evaluated using the instrumented Hofliger Karg GKF 330 by varying overload spring type, pin penetration setting, and number of tamps. Capsule plugs were examined for evidence of particle deformation, plug strength, plug weight, and release of a slightly soluble drug, hydrochlorothiazide. Plugs were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, BET gas adsorption surface area, and mercury intrusion porosimetry to provide detailed information to the behavior of materials when compacted at low forces. Microcrystalline cellulose based plugs exhibited minimal particle deformation whereas anhydrous lactose based plugs exhibited evidence of fracture. Both formulations exhibited increased plug strength and weight with higher tamping forces which resulted from the use of a larger wire diameter overload spring, increased pin penetration setting, or both. No effect upon the release of hydrochlorothiazide was observed as a result of varying number of tamps or tamping force. Description: University of Maryland, Baltimore. Pharmaceutical Sciences. Ph.D. _PHONE_-01T05:00:00Z Longitudinal Patterns of Early Mental Health Service Utilization in a Medicaid-insured Birth Cohort and the Impact of Continuity of Care on the Quality of Pediatric Mental Health Treatment Pennap, Dinci _URL_ 2018-07-18T15:20:15Z 2018-01-01T05:00:00Z Title: Longitudinal Patterns of Early Mental Health Service Utilization in a Medicaid-insured Birth Cohort and the Impact of Continuity of Care on the Quality of Pediatric Mental Health Treatment Authors: Pennap, Dinci Abstract: Background: The prevalence of pediatric mental health (MH) diagnosis and treatment have expanded in the U.S. We assessed the longitudinal patterns of incident diagnosis and new psychotropic medication use in a Medicaid-insured birth cohort. Additionally, continuity and quality of MH service utilization were assessed in a publicly-insured pediatric population. Quality care was defined by the 2009 Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act (CHIPRA) mandated children's health care quality measures. Methods: We applied longitudinal designs to Medicaid claims data from a Mid-Atlantic state (2007-2014). Using Kaplan-Meier estimators we assessed the cumulative incidence of MH service use in a cohort of newborns (aim 1). We assessed the association between relational patient-provider continuity of care and: 1) emergency department (ED) visits or hospitalizations in the 12 months following first MH diagnosis among 3-16 year olds (aim 2); and 2) the quality of follow-up care among 6-12 year old new users of ADHD medications (aim 3), using logistic regression models. Quality was defined as having ≥1 follow-up outpatient visit in the 30 days following medication initiation and ≥2 follow-up visits in the 270 days after the first follow-up visit, with a total medication supply of ≥210 days. Results: By age 8, 19.7% and 10.2% of the birth cohort (n=35,244) had received a MH diagnosis or psychotropic medication, respectively. Among medication users, 80.5% received monotherapy, 16.4% received 2 medication classes, and 4.3% received ≥3 medication classes concomitantly for ≥60 days. Compared to children with high CoC, the odds of ED visits was significantly higher among youths with low CoC [Odds Ratio(OR)=1.27; 95% CI=1.13-1.41] and low CoC was associated with greater odds of hospitalization [OR=1.17; 95% CI=1.06-1.29]. Compared to those with low CoC, children with higher continuity of care had greater odds of meeting CHIPRA initiation- [OR=1.41; 95% CI=1.25-1.60] and continuation-phase [OR=1.45; 95% CI=1.29-1.64] visit-based measures. Conclusions: Early exposure to psychotropic medications and prolonged duration of use have implications for long-term safety, highlighting the need for safety and outcomes research in pediatric populations. Our findings suggest a need for more research in the areas of quality assessment and continuity of care among youths with mental health conditions. Description: University of Maryland, Baltimore. Pharmaceutical Health Services Research. Ph.D. 2018 2018-01-01T05:00:00Z Rapid Diagnosis of Microbial Infection via Mass Spectrometric Phenotyping Liang, Tao _URL_ 2018-07-16T18:41:19Z 2018-01-01T05:00:00Z Title: Rapid Diagnosis of Microbial Infection via Mass Spectrometric Phenotyping Authors: Liang, Tao Abstract: Microbial infection is a perpetual public threat, causing more than 15 million annual deaths worldwide. Clinical microbiology laboratories currently rely on bacterial culture-based methods for microbial diagnosis to identify causative pathogens, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. This drives the development of novel diagnostics to identify pathogens accurately and more rapidly. Mass spectrometry (MS) now plays a vital role in clinical diagnosis due to its high accuracy, high specificity, rapidity and high- throughput capability. In this thesis, we present a multi-faceted mass spectrometry approach for rapid microbial infection diagnosis. We first used a novel sample transfer technique, surface acoustic wave nebulization (SAWN) for bacterial membrane lipid analysis, specifically lipid A. Analytical performance of different SAWN chips was characterized, and the optimized SAWN chip was used for bacterial phenotyping. Results showed that lipid A mass spectra from different bacterial species can be differentiated by dot product analysis, in turn, demonstrating feasibility of using SAWN for rapid bacterial identification. We next developed a rapid sodium acetate (SA) based method for lipid extraction, which greatly improved our lipid-based library for pathogen identification by reducing the process time to less than an hour. Importantly, the novel SA method maintained the key components of the reported lipid library method for bacterial identification. Namely, these were the ability to detect 1) antibiotic resistance, 2) microbes direct from biological fluids without culture, and 3) single microbes in polymicrobial samples. This platform can be a complementary approach to the commercialized protein-based systems to improve patient outcomes. The last objective of this thesis is to understand the proteome change in response to lipopolysaccharide stimulus in the context of sepsis, which will facilitate the discovery of new biomarkers for sepsis diagnosis. Shotgun label-free quantification proteomics results showed that 27 new sepsis-related proteins were found among 182 significantly changed proteins in the septic mouse group. A longitudinal, but not pair-wise, data analysis strategy overcame inherent heterogeneity detected twice as many significant changes using each mouse's data as its own control sample. Overall, the advances made in this thesis have broad implications in MS-based rapid diagnosis of microbial infections. Description: University of Maryland, Baltimore. Pharmaceutical Sciences. Ph.D. 2018 2018-01-01T05:00:00Z Accelerated Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Adult Patients by Subsequent Micro-osteoperforations of Maxillary Cortical Bone Laraway, Robert Dane _URL_ 2018-07-16T17:58:09Z 2018-01-01T05:00:00Z Title: Accelerated Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Adult Patients by Subsequent Micro-osteoperforations of Maxillary Cortical Bone Authors: Laraway, Robert Dane Abstract: Objective: Determine if orthodontic tooth movement during space closure is accelerated after subsequent micro-osteoperforations (MOPs). Methods: Five adults requiring maxillary 1st premolar extractions participated


text: CIMON (Crew Interactive Mobile Companion) is a robot powered by artificial intelligence.CIMON is the first personal, artificial intelligence-powered companion in space. The robot will help astronauts conduct experiments on the International Space Station (ISS). The CIMON project aims at exploring how astronauts get along with artificially intelligent beings for extended periods of time. A robot like CIMON with human-like personalities could help mitigate the disorientation astronauts may feel in space. The robot described as 'flying brain' was created by German Aerospace Center , in colloboration with IBM, European Space Agency and other partners. CIMON is among 2600kg of cargo that was launched to the International Space Station, atop a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket.


sponsor Vim development Vim logo Vim Book Ad
cloudboard.vim : A cloud-based clipboard, copy text on a machine, paste it on another
 script karma Rating 0/0, Downloaded by 224 Comments, bugs, improvements Vim wiki
created by
brook hong

script type
utility

description
# cloudboard.vim
_URL_
中文文档 _URL_
A cloud-based clipboard, yank(copy) text into a numbered cloud register on a machine, put(paste) the text from the cloud register on another machine.
It uses GITHUB's gist as the cloud service.
# Usage
1. run command ':CBInit' to set up your own cloudboard.
2. visual select the text that you want to copy (otherwise all the current buffer), use command ':CBYank 0' to copy it into cloud register 0.
_URL_
3. open vim on another machine, use command ':CBPut 0' to paste the text from cloud register 0.
_URL_
### Cloud Register
The number starts from 0, you can use anyone you'd like, for example:
 :CBYank 5
 :CBPut 5
':CBList' to put the contents from all cloud registers into current buffer.
#### Auto Clear of Cloud Registers
When AutoClear is turned on for a cloud register, the content of the cloud register will be cleared automatically after its content is read by a 'CBPut' action.
':CBAutoClear 2' to toggle on/off AutoClear of cloud register 2.
### Cloud Files
Cloud files are named files stored in a GITHUB gist.
 :CBSave test.c to save selected range into a cloud file named test.c.
 :CBLoad test.c to load a cloud file test.c into current buffer.
 :CBRm test.c to delete a cloud file test.c.
 :CBListFiles to list all cloud files in the cloudboard gist.
Loading cloud files requires two requests to GITHUB, thus cloud register is faster to be used as a clipboard across machines.
Cloud files is better when the text is huge, especial in case of that you prefer to save them for long period.
### Recommended Mappings
 nnoremap <space>p :CBPut
 vnoremap <space>y :CBYank
# Installation
Your VIM must have python support, check it with ':python print 'hello''.
'Bundle 'brookhong/cloudboard.vim''
or
Just unzip the zip file to your VIM file path, usually to be ~/.vim.

install details

rate this script Life Changing Helpful Unfulfilling
script versions (upload new version)
Click on the package to download.
package script version date Vim version user release notes
cloudboard.zip 1.0.2 2015-04-30 7.3 brook hong Because that the token attribute is deprecated in some of OAuth Authorizations API responses, the plugin will require user to input token directly instead of fetching a token through username/password.
cloudboard.zip 1.0.1 2014-09-28 7.3 brook hong add commmand :CBList
add commands for cloud files
add commmand :CBAutoClear
cloudboard.zip 1.0 2014-07-29 7.3 brook hong Initial upload
ip used for rating: 54.145.220.120
If you have questions or remarks about this site, visit the vimonline development pages. Please use this site responsibly.
Questions about Vim should go to the maillist. Help Bram help Uganda.

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When the bell rings at the end of recess, 10-year-old Jordan Duzenack will be taking the slide to return to class at Big Thompson Elementary School.
"We get to go down the slide instead of having to go downstairs," the fourth-grader said about the built-in, embankment slide that offers quick transportation from the upper playground's playing field to the lower playground filled with brand-new playground equipment.
Jordan and her friends rode the slide a few times after school Thursday on the day it opened to the students as part of the playscape dedication ceremony. Donors and supporters of the first natural playscape at a public school in Larimer County turned out to celebrate the completion of the five-year, $540,000 project.
The playscape integrates hands-on learning and playing in the school's outdoor areas that includes a playground, a playing field and learning centers.
"I think it's a lot better than the other one," said 11-year-old Adam Cagnina about the playground. "The other one had old equipment. This one has new climbing equipment and that spinning thing everyone likes."
The spinning thing is a piece of playground equipment with bars for holding on to while twirling above recycled rubber that is soft in case of accidents or falls. The north side of the playground is separated from the upper playground by the eco-zones climbing wall, which contains the slide and pictorial information about the Colorado mountains and animal life.
"Our ultimate goal is to get kids outdoors and help them have a better understanding of their environment," said Linda Strand, GOCO board member.
The playscape includes five main features, the climbing wall, an outdoor education center, a one-eighth-mile eco trail around the upper playground, a water flume that demonstrates how water interacts with the landscape, and a bioswayle drainage area with native vegetation.The upper playground playing field is made out of recycled rubber turf that replaces the much disliked pea gravel.
"It's fabulous. It's totally safe for kids," said Dawn Hennessy, physical education teacher at the school, adding that the pea gravel limited activity and was the source of injuries. "The kids would slip and fall and would get bloody knees."
Construction on the playscape began on the last day of school in 2013 and was mostly completed by the start of school this year.
"It took tremendous effort to get it all done," said Kerri Rollins, school volunteer. "It's better because it incorporates the natural features of the area surrounding the school. It complements the school's focus on nature and STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math). And it allows for more imaginative play and learning."
The playscape was funded by a $322,200 grant from GOCO, $50,000 from the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, $20,000 from the Larimer County Open Lands Program and other sources of funding and in-kind donations from businesses and clubs.
"I like the spinny thing and the bars. The ground is bouncy now, and there's a lot more fun stuff," said Zoe Rollins, a third-grader at the school and daughter of Kerri.


text:
rot in a sentence
Example sentences for rot
There are others, though brain rot seems to have set in.
The rafflesia's five fleshy petals begin to rot soon after they blossom, giving off an odor of decay.
The wood resisted rot and warping, making it a favorite for fencing, utility poles and furniture.
Even more maddening, the wood above and below the rot is nearly always perfect.
The days of homemade candied apples may be gone, but these days kids can rot their teeth with a wealth of weirdo treats.
They are the rot that undermines the intellectual authority of science.
Rot set into the empire from the late second century.
Early-ripening variety with some resistance to root rot in heavy soils.
Susceptibility to rot from moisture is one of the main weaknesses of straw-bale construction.
Worse, some big sleaze scandals have broken, suggesting that the rot reaches close to the top.
Our brain has no idea how to organize our structure for sitting so the rot sets in early.
Bacterial canker and brown rot of stone fruit are serious diseases.
Rot your kids' brains right there in their heads will he.
It would rot before my colleague would be able to turn it around.
It takes a few days or a few months to cause a big tree to rot under drought conditions.
Diseases include blossom blight and brown rot of stone fruit.
Once their contractor began removing walls they said he discovered the rot was widespread.
The air was dreamy with ripeness from laden branches and rot underfoot.
Yes the absorb it when they are growing, and release it when they are burned or rot.
They are prone to root rot and crown rot if drainage is poor.
But they did they share the awful potency as tombs of rot.
Additionally, pollution is causing shell rot and other illnesses in normally disease-resistant species.
And to the morons who talked about leaving the wolf to rot.
Ailments you may encounter include peach leaf curl and brown rot of stone fruit.
She has seen true hunger, and can't bear to watch food rot.
If the rot stops there, the damage will be containable.
Rain has also been getting in through holes, causing the floors and walls to rot.
If there are some leaves that are starting to rot at the tips or edges, remove them.
Set the crowns of the plants high, so they won't become saturated and rot after watering.
We shall not wait for it to fester and rot any longer.
Dust cuts with sulfur or charcoal to discourage rot.
Small areas of wood rot can be easily repaired with epoxy, window restorers say.
In high-rainfall areas, excess moisture induces rot.
Rotted fascia boards should be removed and replaced before the rot has a chance to spread to the roof rafters.
If placed too closely, mulch can retain moisture and cause plants and trees to rot.
These are adapted to dry periods after bloom and will rot if they get too much water.
We're in denial about the extent of the rot in the system, and the effort that would be required to turn things around.
Do not use glue, as it will blister the pads, causing them to rot.
Stem rot is a potentially serious disease of clematis.
If there is so much cheating in universities, it also has to do with the rot in the culture that we've built for ourselves.
The thousands of corpses, many hanging in trees or washed up on beaches, immediately started to rot in the tropical heat.
Then the plankton comes up, and there are no fish to eat them and they go to the bottom and rot.
In fact this should be beneficial as compared to allowing them to fall naturally and rot.
They try to shield their kids from cultural rot and depravity.
As excess plant matter sinks to the seafloor, microbes rot it and suck oxygen out of the water in the process.
The corpses of the losers in the conflict were left for weeks to rot in the sun, then dragged and shoved into shallow pits.
Everyone knows that dead animals begin to rot and stink as bacteria break down their meat and give off toxic chemicals.
While brains rot quickly, they leave behind marks where some of their folds and blood vessels were.
Many homeowners fear that wood will immediately rot if allowed to get wet.
Would have loved for him to have been convicted to rot in prison for many many years.
Fungus that grows on rot might not, at first, seem the perfect image of our culinary ideals.
But some have come from ambitious younger figures, despairing at their elders' inability to stop the rot.
The rot can spread from housing to other areas, such as commercial property and credit-card debt.
He belittles his large philosophical gifts, finds publication an agony and worries to correspondents that his work is rot.
The rot could easily feed on itself, leaving equipment and workers idle, and depressing tax revenues.
Government efforts have done little to stop the rot.
Both these longer-term risks are real, but they are far outweighed by the need to stop the rot.
Believed the myth about being good sports and maintaining discipline and all that rot.
Local food subsidies encourage farmers to let their goods rot rather than sell them on the global market.