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Peconic Community School
- School Type: Alternative School
- Grades: Prekindergarten-6
- Students: 105 students
- Yearly Tuition: $16,800
- Average class size: 12 students
- Application Deadline: None / Rolling
Academics and Faculty
Tuition and Acceptance Rate
- The PCS approach begins with a clear, and bold, vision: education should prepare students to change the world. And, students who know how to learn about the world and who know how to care about the world are in the strongest position to initiate and support positive change. Learning to care about the world is a dynamic and courageous process shared by PCS students and educators; it is a process that unfolds in real time, both in our classrooms and in our community.
- Students at Peconic Community School are engaged and inspired by an integrated curriculum that is relevant to their lives, rooted in their place, and responsive to their interests and inquiries.The PCS approach is integrated: academic disciplines are combined in thematic study. Like real-world projects, student work at PCS is multi-faceted, multi-disciplinary, multi-dimensional and purposeful, incorporating elements of math, science, art, literature, and history within a social context.Curriculum at PCS is place based: students at PCS connect to and learn from our unique place, the East End of Long Island. Its natural resources, its communities of professionals and citizens, its culture and history, anchor the threads of our learning to a local context that is meaningful and accessible to students.
- Learning at PCS is project-based: students engage in hands-on, authentic learning experiences that integrate academic disciplines to develop real world problem solving skills. Students tinker, build, write, calculate, draw, and experiment each day with a curriculum that challenges them to think both critically and creatively.Education at PCS is child-centered: flexible curriculum adapts to the diverse and changing learning styles, intellectual interests, and social-emotional development of our students.
Endorse Peconic Community School. Endorsements should be a few sentences in length. Please include any comments on:
- Quality of academic programs, teachers, and facilities
- Availability of music, art, sports and other extracurricular activities
- Academic or athletic awards


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A saliva gland test may be enough to diagnose Parkinson's disease, a new study suggests.
The study, which will be presented at the American Academy of Neurology's 65th Annual Meeting in San Diego in March, found that testing a portion of a saliva gland might be a way to determine whether a person has Parkinson's.
"There is currently no diagnostic test for Parkinson's disease," study author Dr. Charles Adler, with the Mayo Clinic Arizona and a Fellow of the American Academy of Neurology, said in a statement.
"We have previously shown in autopsies of Parkinson's patients that the abnormal proteins associated with Parkinson's are consistently found in the submandibular salivary glands, under the lower jaw, and this is the first study demonstrating the value of testing a portion of the saliva gland to diagnose a living person for Parkinson's disease," Adler said.
"Making a diagnosis in living patients is a big step forward in our effort to understand and better treat patients," he added.
Adler and his team studied 15 people with an average age of 68 who had Parkinson's disease for an average of 12 years. Researchers said that the patients had responded to Parkinson's medication and did not have known salivary gland disorders.
Researchers took biopsies from two different salivary glands in each of the participants. The two glands examined in the study included the gland just beneath the lower jaw and the minor salivary gland in the lower lip.
Researchers then stained the biopsied tissue samples and looked to see whether there was any evidence of the abnormal Parkinson's protein.
Researchers noted that there was not enough sample tissue in four of the initial lower jaw biopsies to complete the tests. However, the abnormal Parkinson's protein was detected in nine of the 11, or 82 percent, of the patients with enough tissue to study.
"While still under analysis, the rate of positive findings in the biopsies of the lower lip glands appears to be much lower than for the lower jaw gland," Adler said.
Researchers said that the latest findings provide the first "direct evidence" to support the use of lower jaw gland biopsies as a diagnostic test for patients with Parkinson's disease.
"This finding may be of great use when needing tissue proof of Parkinson's disease, especially when considering performing invasive procedures such as deep brain stimulation surgery or gene therapy," he concluded.
Published by Medicaldaily.com

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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TJF celebrates World Food Day 2022 by collaborating to share stories through a media campaign we call #tellyourstory 2.0 with the theme of "Securing Our Food from Crisis."
After we got the 5 finalists who proposed their unique idea about food security, they were directed to the workshop titled "Campaign for secure our food from a crisis using video from your phone" held on Saturday morning on the 1st of October 2022.
This Workshop has 3 sessions with 3 different speakers and backgrounds who will guide the finalists to understand more about food security, specifically, to gain awareness about the food crisis.
The session opened with the presentation of one of TJF's researchers, Yahya Hilmi, addressing how nowadays world food conditions and how we as a global society and food consumers can prevent food crises that threaten us.
TJF Researcher, Yahya Hilmi talked about Nowadays Food Condition
Jump to the next session, we meet with Kadek Suardika, a farmer from Bali who shares his perspective about the food crisis from the side of a food producer who has a mission to develop local food security in his neighborhood. The storytelling session from Kadek has approached the finalist heart because of his passion and impactful sustainable farming.
Kadek Suardika shared about his farming experience
The two sessions were very engaging, but we should take a break before moving to the last session. TJF committee preparing the warming-up games for the finalist: "If you can wrap up your week as a food name, what would it be?". Not only the finalist but the third speaker who is already on the stage also gets involved to answer this warming-up game. The atmosphere gets warmer with the laughter of the forum member during this session.
After getting open to each other in the warming-up games session, we move to the more technical session by Niskala Studio who sharing about their experience in producing documentary videos. Wayan Martino and Medy Mahasena explanation about the process of making a video, starting from pre-production, production, and post-production was very detailed and triggered the finalist's enthusiasm till the end of the presentation. This session had much feedback from the finalists because they are curious about the preparation they made to produce the video as the result of this workshop and competition.
Niskala Studio Session
The session was wrapped up by the moderator with a reflection session where each finalist can share what they feel and what they get from this workshop. It's already lunchtime (13.00 WIB) when the moderator closes the forum and encourages the finalists to prepare for the next phase of this series of events: Ideation Week (6-12 October 2022). We can't wait to see the story about food security that will be made by our amazing finalist.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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A wave parameters and directional spectrum analysis for extreme winds
By Montoya, R.D., Arias, A.O., Royero, J.C.O., Ocampo-Torres and F.J.
In this research a comparison between two of the most popular ocean wave models, WAVEWATCH III? and SWAN, was performed using data from hurricane Katrina in the Gulf of Mexico. The numerical simulation of sea surface directional wave spectrum and other wave parameters for several parameter-izations and its relation with the drag coefficient was carried out. The simulated data were compared with in-situ NOAA buoy data. For most of the buoys, WAVEWATCH III? presented the best statistical comparisons for the main wave parameters, such as significant wave height and peak period. The SWAN model tends to overestimate the maximum values for significant wave height for some buoys and the peak period for almost all the buoys. Both models tend to overestimate the value of peak direction, presenting an area of greater energy to the south. The WAVEWATCH III? model performs best for buoys located in right forward quadrant, which generally has higher winds and waves. This indicates a better spatial representation of wave parameters in the higher energy areas for the WAVEWATCH III? model. Results based on the quadrant location for most of the analyzed cases, are in agreement with the results from other sources such as the Scanning Radar Altimeter (SRA). © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Topics: Directional spectrum, Gulf of Mexico, Hurricane waves, Moored buoys, Wind speed, Directional spectra, Directional wave spectrum, Gulf of Mexico, Hurricane katrina, Significant wave height, Spatial representations, Statistical comparisons, Wind speed, Hurricanes, Spectrum analysis, Water waves, Buoys, hurricane, numerical model, ocean wave, parameterization, wave modeling, wave spectrum, wind direction, wind velocity, wind-wave interaction, Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico
Publisher: 'Elsevier BV'
Year: 2013
DOI identifier: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2013.04.016
OAI identifier:
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Why are solar panels so expensive?
by：SUNFREE 2021-03-07
1. The price of solar cells is relatively high. However, the decline in recent years has been very long. Especially the domestically produced tablets are much cheaper than imported ones. The polycrystalline third-line 156*156 basically reaches about 7.5 yuan per piece. Single crystal only needs about 9.5 pieces.
2. The processing technology of solar panels is complicated and the loss is large. Especially the small size battery board. The loss will be greater.
Solar panels (modules) are roughly divided into three categories: glass laminated components, PCB/PET laminated components, and epoxy components. The production process is complicated. Take glass laminated as an example: 1. Slicing, 2, single welding, 3, row of pieces, 4, string welding, 5, cutting various auxiliary materials, stacking, lamination, cleaning, wiring and framing, etc.
3. Because solar energy is not widely used in the market. The current market competition is only in large-scale solar power plants, so there are not so many civilian manufacturers like those who make other daily necessities. So the price will naturally be higher.
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one SMS a day... [58]
As long as you don't have any "prerequisite" conditions to the presence becoming present, you can safely use conditions. If, however, you have other conditions that need to be "passed" at the time presence changes, and not the other way (i.e. someone arrives and mode is home, but not if mode becomes home and someone was already present - sense the difference?) - then you need to use a trigger. When mixing triggers and conditions, only devices involved in the trigger can make things happen. When using conditions only, any device involved in those conditions is "eligible" to reevaluate the piston and do things. [59]
Conditions are independent of each other, non-contextual, if I may. "before 5am" literally means hour is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. Has no clue you'd used an after 7pm prior. Which is why you have Between. Besides that, AND is not the correct condition. Between 7pm and 5am is equivalent to after 7pm OR before 5am. Not AND... [60]
Logic Gates
However, all AND operands are evaluated without using conditional optimizations, whereas THEN IF uses optimizations.
Say you have conditions A true, B false, and C true.
A AND B AND C = false A THEN IF B THEN IF C = false
The difference is that when using AND, all A, B, and C get evaluated, so if C has individual actions on true, they will run. When using THEN IF, only A and B will get evaluated, C will be skipped as the overall result is now known to be false. So if you had individual actions on C, they won't run, because C never gets evaluated. [61]
Well, here's the trick: if motion is detected and the light is off, it turns it on and sets a variable to true (meaning I - the piston - turned the light on). When motion stops, if the variable is true (meaning I - the piston - turned it on), then it schedules an action to turn it off later. When the light was turned on manually or by any other means other than the piston, the light will already be on when motion is detected, so nothing will happen. That's the whole piston logic, in plain English :wink: [62]
Well, think about it, for a simple piston that turns true and executes the THEN branch, if the state changes, guess where it goes! To false, of course. And if the evalution is false, the ELSE would then run, no? :wink: when a piston state changes, it cancels all tasks marked to be canceled on piston state change and then it will execute whatever actions are programmed for that new state... [63]
The BUT IF is independent of the IF, so you can use it all conditions, the triggers in the IF won't interfere with it - it's essentially two pistons sharing the same state [64]
Else-If will only look at conditions2 if the overall result of conditions1 is false. Then-If does the opposite, it only looks at conditions2 if the overall result of conditions1 is true. The final ELSE statement is executed if the Else-If conditions2 is false, or if either of the Then-If conditions1 or conditions2 is false. [65]
It is intentional. Else-If and Then-If do not support triggers in their secondary IFs. The Else-If is only evaluated if the primary IF is false. Try a latching piston, it allows two independent condition sets. Or enable expert mode and then use individual actions, for more advanced cases. [66]
Your IF and ELSE IF cover all possible options, it's either any is active or all inactive. Your IF - ELSE IF will always match one of the two, never giving a chance to the ELSE to run. Consider moving the ELSE action under the IF THEN action group. Just add it to the IF THEN, along with the other Turn on action. It will only run during selected modes anyway. [67]
Mode
(Mode is Home OR Mode is Evening) can be replaced with Mode is one of [Home, Evening] [68]
Time
If you choose anything other than custom time the offset field will reappear. Is that set to 60 by any chance? Custom time is not supposed to have an offset, but I have a feeling it still respects it. Bug. [69]
The stay will become true at the set time after the light turned on. If that time doesn't happen to be within your time window.... you miss it. [70]
Odd Week Scheduling - use time trigger happens at custom time (or any predefined time for that matter), then instead of every day, choose every number of weeks, choose 2 and select the day of the week Wednesday. Voila! [71]
The general rule I used is that the thresholds are at second 00 because that's when the event is expected to happen. So the beginning of any interval is inclusive of that minute, while the end is exclusive.
Time is between 7:31am and 8:47pm means from 7:31:00 am through 8:46:59 pm inclusive. 8:47:00pm would be outside the range.
Time is between 11pm and 5:12am means from 11:00:00pm to 5:11:59am next morning
Time is after is the exact equivalent of time is between threshold and midnight. Same rules as above, time is after 6:17pm means 6:17:00pm through 11:59:59pm inclusive.
Similarly, time is before 7:42pm means between 12:00:00am and 7:41:59pm inclusive.
Note that midnight has a special meaning. When used at the beginning of the range, it means >= 12:00:00am but when used at the end of the range it means <= 11:59:59pm
Time is between midnight and 5am means 12:00:00am through 4:59:59am inclusive Time is between 5am and midnight means 5:00:00am through 11:59:59pm inclusive.
Another way you can look at it is the first parameter in a range uses >= whereas the second/last parameter in a range uses < [72]
Time Calculations- store the $currentEventDate into a time variable of your choice, say eventDate. Later (on a different piston run), set a time variable, say ms = $now - eventDate
You now have the number of milliseconds between the two times stored into ms. You can then set number variable minutes = ms / 60000 or seconds = ms / 1000 [73]
Event Trigger
You need to either use all triggers (full dots) or all conditions (empty circles). When mixed, only triggers actually run the piston, the conditions will only restrict the runs. When using all conditions, they all act like triggers, pretty much.
So if you want all those devices to trigger the ligths, either use changes for all of them, or use is for all of them. For the garage door, you can also use is one of [open, closed] <<< that will always be true and run your piston when the door opens or closes.
I would personally go with triggers... acceleration changes to active OR motion changes to active OR garage door changes [74]
Else-If and Then-If do not support triggers in their secondary IFs. The Else-If is only evaluated if the primary IF is false. Try a latching piston, it allows two independent condition sets. Or enable expert mode and then use individual actions, for more advanced cases. [75]
When mixing triggers and conditions, the piston only subscribes to the devices involved in the triggers, so yeah, it will check the state of condition related devices at those times, but won't listen for their change. So if you say door is open (condition) and presence changes to present (trigger), the piston will only subscribe to presence changes. It will execute whenever presence changes, whether to present or not present. At those times, it checks the state of the door, but won't execute when the door state changes. [76]
Changes
Current evaluation of triggers is always false as the triggers watch for certain events happening, not certain states. For example, "door changes to open" may be false even when the door is open - it is only true for a very short moment when the door actually opens. I'd say ignore that current evaluation [77]
Changes to one of allows multiple selections and is only true when the change happens from a non-selected value to any of the selected value. Similar to "enters range", but list of values instead of range. [78]
Motion
Both triggers and conditions subscribe to attribute changes - this means when motion becomes inactive, that trigger would be false, along with the one above the OR - this will cause the ELSE to execute. So you just need to use a trigger for motion as well. [79]
Expert Mode
If Expert Mode is not enabled, then you'll need to make sure you select the right capability. If Expert Mode is on, you get an Attribute field while building the condition, so regardless of which capability you used, you have access to all options. But the default pre-selected Attribute will differ from one capability to another. [80]
When you enable expert mode a lot of "hidden" features are revealed. Like the attribute field in the Capability condition, the "Individual Actions"


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Water is a precious and finite resource, and it's important to conserve it. In the Netherlands, where water is plentiful, it's easy to take it for granted. But even small changes can make a big difference in water savings. One such change is to take shorter showers. So how much water does the Netherlands save if everyone takes a minute less in the shower?
Water Savings in the Netherlands
The Netherlands is one of the most water-rich countries in Europe, with an abundance of rivers, canals, and groundwater. But even in the Netherlands, water savings are important. The Dutch government has set a goal of reducing water use by 20 percent by 2030.
If every person in the Netherlands took one minute less in the shower, the savings would be significant. According to the Dutch water authority, the average person uses about 65 liters of water per shower. By reducing shower time by just one minute, the average person would save about 13 liters of water per shower. That's about 780 liters of water per person per year.
Shorter Showers Make a Difference
Multiply that by the 17 million people in the Netherlands and the savings become even more impressive. That's over 13 billion liters of water saved every year. That's enough to fill over 5,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools.
It's not just water savings that can be achieved through shorter showers. Taking quicker showers also saves energy, since the hot water heater doesn't have to run as long. And since people are in the shower for less time, that means they're using less soap and shampoo, which is better for the environment.
Shorter showers can make a real difference in water savings in the Netherlands. Taking one minute less in the shower can save 780 liters of water per person per year. That adds up to over 13 billion liters of water saved each year for the entire country. So next time you take a shower, try to take it one minute shorter and do your part for water conservation.


I just installed new carpet. Can my old carpets be recycled?
Yes. California is home to more than 50 carpet recycling drop-off locations that will gladly accept your old carpets.
Why should I recycle my carpet?
For decades, the Golden State has spearheaded effective recycling programs for bottles, cans, paper, used oil, tires, batteries and mattresses. Californians want to be conscious consumers and now there is a robust infrastructure in place to help our environment by recycling carpet.
How do I recycle my old carpet?
It's easy to do your part and help California by recycling your old carpeting.
 1. When ready to purchase, look for products with recycled carpet content.
 2. Ask your contractor or installer to recycle your old carpet.
 3. Connect with your city or county and ask about local carpet recycling drop-off sites.
If you are a carpet installation professional, please watch this brief tutorial to learn how you can get involved in California's carpet recycling efforts.
What products are made from old carpets?
A variety of products can be manufactured from post-consumer recycled carpet, including carpet cushioning, building insulation, decking, water management products, wheelchair ramps and more. For a full list of products made from recycled carpets, click here.
Does California have a comprehensive statewide carpet recycling program?
Yes. In 2010, the state legislature enacted Assembly Bill 2398 to increase the diversion and recycling of carpet in the state and established the California's Carpet Stewardship Program. This program is managed and implemented by the Carpet America Recovery Effort (CARE) – an industry-led nonprofit organization incharge of increasing recycling rates. As of 2019, California's carpet recycling program continues to thrive thanks to CARE's oversight. Their multi-pronged approach includes: installer and retailer outreach and training; consumer and local government education; and subsidies and grants to recyclers to support collection, equipment and product testing.
What does CARE do?
CARE directly oversees California's effort to increase carpet recycling rates by providing recycling infrastructure, diversion programs and grants for the creation of new recycled-content products. For more information, visit CARE's website.
How much carpet has CARE diverted away from California's landfills?
Since CARE's inception in 2011, more than 431 million pounds of carpet has been diverted from California landfills and repurposed to create a wide array of products.
What do carpet assessment fees go towards?
Carpet assessment fees help fund subsidies for carpet recyclers and processors, provide investments for recycling infrastructure and expand the scale and technology of carpet drop-off sites. To date, the California Carpet Stewardship Assessment has allocated more than $7 million in grants and more than $45 million in subsidies.


Agility Drill Demonstration
This is a fun warm up and really improves movement.
 1. Step out to your right side on your right foot. The left leg crossed behind the right foot to place the left foot on the ground.
 2. Step out to the right again with the right foot and bring the left foot this time in front of the right leg.
 3. Repeat in the opposite direction so that the left leg leads.
Coaching points
Add arm movements up and down to add intensity to the grapevine step.
Ensure you have a safe amount of space around you before starting this exercise.
Average rating
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GrapevineSpeed FootworkAgility Drills Coaching


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By the end of the expedition I will have spent about 60-70 days on my own in the featureless landscape of Antarctica. Coping with the mental stress of being alone for this length of time and dealing with the monotony of both my daily routine and the landscape I am skiing across is key to the success of the expedition. It also presents an opportunity to learn something about the mental processes that enable self-discipline, perseverance, motivation and, ultimately, achievement when under pressure.
In preparation for the expedition, I worked with Dr Stephen Pack, a Senior Lecturer / Researcher at the University of Hertfordshire specializing in Sport and Exercise Psychology. He is an expert in the use of psychological skills by sport performers, the implementation of psychological skills training, and the use of counselling skills in sport and exercise psychology. Dr Pack taught me some tools and
techniques that helped her prepare for, and process, the mental rigours of the expedition and the months of isolation in a demanding environment.
Using language as an indicator of mental process, Dr Pack is looking closely at the podcasts recorded during my expedition to chart my mental journey through my use of language. Combined with pre and post expedition sessions, he hopes to use this information to contribute to his main research interest which lies in perceptions of stress and coping, and the link between physical activity and psychological well-being, particularly in the natural environment. Ultimately it is hoped that my journey might provide some insight into the influence of physical activity on mental well-being and on what
motivates individuals to achieve.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Compared to small animals, measurement of various biochemical analytes in exotic species is quite limited due to differences in physiology and metabolism and the small amount of blood volume that can be withdrawn at a single sampling. Typically, samples are collected into heparin (green top tubes) to maximize plasma yield versus serum, where it is difficult to obtain sufficient serum off a clot for analysis. Generally, microtainers (tubes that hold 0.5 to 1 ml of blood total) are used, which also helps plasma harvesting. We usually require two full heparin microtainers to obtain sufficient plasma from most exotic species for biochemical analysis. This allows us just enough sample to run the analysis and perform repeats to recheck results, if needed, or obtain accurate values when analyte concentrations are high (after sample dilution). At Cornell University, we offer a non-mammalian panel, which was established with input from our wild-life and exotic animal clinicians. This panel consists of the following:
- Electrolytes: Sodium, potassium, chloride. These are interpreted similarly to that for mammalian species, with some unique species peculiarities. For general methods and test interpretation for all species, please refer to the relevant pages under the electrolyte section of the chemistry pages.
- Minerals: Calcium and phosphate. These are interpreted similarly to that for mammalian species, with the attending non-mammalian species differences. For general methods and test interpretation for all species, please refer to the relevant pages under the mineral section of the chemistry pages.
- Renal markers: Since non-mammalian species do not produce urea, uric acid is used as the marker of renal function. As for mammalian species, renal function will alter electrolytes and minerals.
- Liver markers: We run both AST and GLDH as markers of liver injury. As for mammals, AST is also found in high concentrations in muscle, whereas GLDH is relatively liver specific in non-mammalian species. Information on general test procedures and interpretation can be found on the relevant pages under the liver injury section of the chemistry pages.
- Protein: We only run total protein in non-mammalian species. This is because albumin measurement is inaccurate in these species with the bromcresol green method (the most common method used to measure albumin in mammalian species). We recommend serum electrophoresis for more detailed assessment of the different types of protein in non-mammalian species.
- Energy metabolism: We measure glucose in non-mammalian species. Information on methods and general test interpretation is provided under the energy metabolism section of the chemistry pages.
- Muscle: We measure CK activity. This is mostly to aid with interpretation of AST results (since AST is found in both muscle and liver) but also as a marker of muscle injury. Very high CK activity (>50,000 U/L) is seen in birds after trauma. Please refer to the muscle section of the chemistry pages for information on interpretation of CK values and method of measurement.


African American Military History Museum Hattiesburg Zoo Hattiesburg Saenger
Easter Enrichment
Saturday, April 6
Watch the animals as they use their natural instincts to interact with our themed enrichment activities. The enrichment program at the Hattiesburg Zoo helps keep our animals happy and healthy by providing stimulating and challenging surprises to the animals' environments. Throughout the day, zookeepers will incorporate fun activities into the animals' regular schedules to help address the animals' social, psychological and physical needs.


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April 1, 2021
7 FAQs about designing devices and ecosystems for reliability and durability in extreme environments
In today's hyperconnected world, reliable connectivity is crucial to ensuring that devices and electronics ecosystems work properly in all conditions. Fischer Connectors' article published in Connector Supplier's 'High-Reliability, Harsh-Environment Connectivity' eBook provides critical insights into when to use and how to select truly reliable and rugged connectivity solutions and explores design best practices through seven frequently asked questions and three harsh environment application examples in the medical, energy and extreme sports sectors.
Connectors and cables may be small but they are essential components that enable electronic devices and equipment to function safely and properly. If a single connector malfunctions, the whole device fails, and the entire electronic ecosystem in which this device is integrated collapses. Hence the importance of choosing ultra-reliable connectivity solutions capable of meeting the quality and performance requirements of any operational environment.
Rugged connectors are specifically designed to withstand extreme conditions, but there is no one-size-fits-all type of rugged connector. Each type of connectivity solution has unique qualities and features that make it suitable for use in specific application environments. This makes selecting rugged connectors particularly challenging. Defining the right specifications for your device's connecting needs from the outset will help ensure that it works in even the most extreme environments.
Full article by Sébastien Kempter in Connector Supplier's '2021 High-Reliability, Harsh-Environment Connectivity' eBook (pp. 21-26), "Seven FAQs About Designing Devices and Ecosystems for Reliability and Durability in Extreme Environments":
 1. What exactly do we mean by rugged?
 2. Why opt for rugged connectors?
 3. What are the key technical requirements for rugged connectors?
 4. Which sealing criteria are most relevant?
 5. Which international standards are relevant?
 6. Which tests should be conducted?
 7. Where to obtain expert advice and customized solutions?
The article includes three application examples:
 - Hermetic and High-Voltage Connectors for SteriLux's Sterilization System
 - Hermetic, Shielded Connectivity Solutions for Precision and Reliability at CERN
 - Sealed, Versatile Fiber Optic Solutions for Optimal Fata Management in the America's Cup


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(Phys.org) —Mountain forests in the Alps react very differently but noticeably to a warmer climate. Even if the target of limiting the Earth's average temperature increase to 2 degrees were met, this would already prove too much of a challenge for some mountain forests. This is the result of computer simulations by researchers at ETH Zurich. For this reason, the scientists are proposing adaptation measures.
In densely populated Europe, mountain forests are not only areas of recreation for tourists and the local population. Above all, these ecosystems provide essential services for people and for nature. They provide wood, bind the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane, absorb precipitation and form natural protective walls against rockfall, avalanches and other natural hazards. Under the leadership of Harald Bugmann, Professor of Forest Ecology at ETH Zurich, researchers have used computer models to examine the extent to which, and speed at which, services derived from mountain forests are projected to change when the climate heats up. For the first time, climate scenarios were used that show how climate change would affect Switzerland if it were possible to restrict global warming to an increase of 2 degrees above pre-industrial conditions by the year 2100.
Different valleys, different results
The researchers used different climate scenarios to simulate the development of mountain forest ecosystems in two very different Swiss mountain valleys: the development of the dry inner-alpine Saas valley in Upper Valais with an elevation range extending from 600 metres to 4,390 metres above sea level, and of the Dischma valley in the Grisons, which is cooler and damper and has an elevation range of 1,500 to 2,800 metres above sea level. The researchers used three forest models to evaluate a total of five ecosystem services along elevation transects. With the simulations, they examined the impact of the climate scenarios on the following key services derived from mountain forests: the storing of carbon, the influence of vegetation on runoff, the diversity of the forest, wood production and the protective functions the forests provide against avalanches and rockfall.
The climate scenarios used in the simulations are based on non-intervention or low-intervention measures and on a stabilisation scenario. The latter involves halving the current level of greenhouse gas emissions by the year 2050 and meeting the international climate policy objective of curtailing the increase to 2 degrees compared with pre-industrial values by 2100. In addition, a further scenario was used which includes larger monthly fluctuations – for example in precipitation – and thus allows the impact of short-term variability to be examined. Unlike the three other scenarios, this scenario is not based on the mean values of what are referred to as "ensembles" (several model calculations), but on a single regional climate model.
Impact on protective function
The simulations show that certain ecosystem services are reasonably robust to moderate climate change. For example, this applies to the storing of carbon in vegetation biomass at the level of the entire valleys. By contrast, the impact on other services is clear for both valleys, but very different in each case. The Saas valley, which is already dry today, is worst affected. According to the models, its ecosystems will exhibit strong changes even under the 2 degree scenario. "An increase in the global average temperature by more than two degrees would have far-reaching and serious consequences", says Harald Bugmann. According to Bugmann, the extent of the impact would depend on the current climatic and ecological situation, and on the topography of the valleys.
In both the Saas and Dischma valleys, the protective functions that forests provide against rockfall and avalanches would decrease more sharply at low and intermediate elevations depending on the scenario, but would increase at elevations above 2,000 metres above sea level, where higher temperatures would promote forest growth. Depending on the climate scenario, however, in the Saas valley this would just be a temporary trend that would reverse again over time with increasing dryness.
"With our study, we are examining for the first time what an average global warming of two degrees Celsius and more would mean for forest ecosystem services at a regional level", says Ché Elkin, first author of the study and senior research associate to Harald Bugmann. The researchers acknowledge that the complexity of the mountain forest ecosystems makes it difficult to forecast precisely how the vegetation would react to climate change. The results of the simulation are subject to uncertainty and have to be interpreted with caution, they say. However, because even a 2 degree target does not safeguard the current services derived from forest ecosystems in mountain areas, the researchers are of the opinion that adaptation measures are needed, particularly in the parts of the Alps that are already dry. "For example, forest management and thinning at low altitudes could help alleviate drought; but we also have to consider changing species composition, to the extent of bringing in drought-tolerant species that are currently foreign to the region", says Bugmann.
Explore further: Forests could flip from sink to source of CO2: study
Elkin C et al.: A 2°C warmer world is not safe for ecosystem services in the European Alps. Global Change Biology (2013), doi: 10.1111/gcb.12156


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An Algorithm for Efficient Assertions-Based Test Data Generation
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Author(s): Ali M. Alakeel
Journal: Journal of Software
ISSN 1796-217X
Volume: 5;
Issue: 6;
Start page: 644;
Date: 2010;
Original page
Keywords: automated software testing | test data generation | software testing | assertion-based testing | program assertions
ABSTRACT
Automated assertion-based test data generation has been shown to be a promising tool for generating test cases that reveal program faults. Because the number of assertions may be very large for complex programs, one of the main concerns to the applicability of assertion-based testing is the amount of search time required to explore a potentially large number of assertions. Since assertion-based test data generation is meant to be used after programs have been tested using regular testing methods, e.g. black-box and white box, it is expected that most faults have been removed previously, therefore, a large number of assertions will not be violated. If the number of unpromising assertions can be reduced, then the efficiency of assertion-based test data generation can be significantly improved. This paper presents an algorithm which uses data-dependency analysis among assertions in order to accumulate historical data about previously explored assertions which can then be utilized during future explorations. The results of a small experimental evaluation of this algorithm show that the algorithm may reduce the number of assertions to be explored, hence making assertion-based test data generation more efficient. This improvement my vary depending on the number and relationship among assertions found in each program. For example, in a program named MinMax2 with 5 assertions, there was no improvement while in another program named GCD with 24 assertions, there was more than 50% reduction in number of assertions to be explored.
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Faculty Awarded Outstanding Early Career Scholar Award for Learning & Instruction
Dr. Sabina Neugebauer was awarded the Outstanding Early Career Scholar Award for Division C: Learning and Instruction at the 2017 American Educational Research Association Annual Meeting. This prestigious award recognizes the scholarly contributions of an outstanding early career scholar to the field of learning and instruction across the lifespan and among diverse populations. Dr. Neugebauer's research focuses on the literacy development of traditionally underserved students in under-performing elementary and middle schools. Her research examines two essential components of literacy development: vocabulary and reading motivation. What sets her research agenda apart is that she investigates these two facets of reading at three complementary levels of analysis (individual, classroom, and school context) to more comprehensively identify ways to support students in achieving equitable educational outcomes.


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Learning Technology - General description of immediate needs (1-6 months)
I. Classroom presentation equipment
Projection device :
Usage : For multimedia presentation in class lectures. There are 4 categories of projection devices that can be used depending on the size of the audience.
- 1. LCD panel ($ 3,000 - $ 7,000)
- For class size larger than 20 students, this is the best solution to display
images. For multimedia presentation, LCD panels with thousands color
display (16-bit or more)
and 10" active matrix will be highly recommended over
those 8.4" passive matrix with only 256-color display (8-bit). Most commercial class materials are already (or are going to be) using 16-bit or better colors. If
16-bit graphics are displayed in 256-color, undesired and
unexpected color alternation will occur. This problem is particularly serious
for presenting video, 256-color passive matrix LCD panel is not adequent
for this kind of task, because it will become a concern and an inconvenience for the professors in using color graphics for their multimedia class lectures.
- suggested 10.4" system for larger classroom, 8.4" may be sufficient for small classroom
- if possible, supports 640x480+ resolution (800x600, 1024x768)
- 16+ bit color
- build in audio - no external speakers are needed for audio
- accept video - it can display videos played directly from video
- remote control - the professor would not be confined to be around the LCD panel if any adjustments are needed.
- 2. SVGA/Mac to TV converter
- A scan converter costs $300-$1500. It converts the computer's video signal (SVGA/VGA/Mac) to TV's NTSC signals. However, an display device, either a large screen TV or TV projector is required. It may be the cheapest solution if the departments already have
either a big screen TV or TV projector.
- 3. Presentation monitor ($ 5,000 - $ 8,000)
- For a smaller audience, a presentation monitor (>29") has advantages over the LCD
panel. The images from a monitor are sharper and brighter than LCD panel projection and
there is no need to turn off the light during the presentation. It will be discussed in the 6-12 month plan.
- 4. Projection unit ($ 7,000 - $ 10,000)
- Projection unit is another alternative. It can accept computer video output directly and has built-in projection mechanism to produce large images on an screen.
II. Multimedia presentation development
1. Presentation software :
PowerPoint 4.0 :
As in the project plan, the machines for the faculty will be bundled with Microsoft Office ($170 academic price). The Microsoft Office suite includes Microsoft PowerPoint 4.0. Since this presentation package will be available to everyone, and it is one of the most popular presentation packages on the market, it will be very likely the best choice for general presentation uses.
2. Scanner :
Usage : for scanning hardcopy graphics or text into computer readable form so that they can be incorporated in the multimedia presentations, and tutorials, etc. Scanner has higher resolution than most digital cameras. However, it is only useful for flat objects - mostly printed materials.
Suggested system :
The price difference between 300 and 600 dpi scanners are insignificant
(less than $200 difference) nowadays. It is recommended to acquire one of the newer
models. The cost is around $1200 for one from HP or Epson.
- 600 dots per inch (dpi) optical resolution, 24 bit color min.
- TWAIN interface for Windows
- supports both Windows and Mac (if possible)
3. Optical Character Recognization (OCR) software :
Usage : For converting scanned text images into word-processor readable text. Often you will have printed material and other text, but no electronic text files, to incorporate into your project. With OCR software and a scanner, it can save you many hours of re-typing.
Different packages costs from $100 to $500. OmniPage Professional is the most popular on the market.
4. Image processing software :
Usage : Images obtained from scanning or digital camera often require retouching or re-composition before they are in the desire form.
Most of the scanners come in packages/bundles that include image processing software. The most popular software is Adobe Photoshop which costs $600/$250 academic. A bundle that includes Photoshop should be chosen if available.
5. Color printing
Usage : Occasionally, there are needs for color hard copy printout, either on paper or transparency, which can be showed to anyone who may not have a computer available all the time.
A low cost ink-jet printer is recommeded for initial purchase. Models from Epson or HP in the $500 ranges would be sufficient for regular uses. The cost of supplies for this type of printer is low. Epson Color Stylus is both Mac and PC compatible.
6. Low cost digital camera :
Usage : Provide quick and fairly easy way to take digital images. Images can be played back directly from the camera to a TV monitor or exported as a graphics image to a multimedia presentation or incorporate into various applications. While several days turnaround time is needed for taking regular photographs, developing into prints and then scanning with an scanner, digital camera has almost instant feedback about how the image looks. Even though the image quality is not as good as with traditonal films, they are acceptable for most of the multimedia work.
Suggested system :
Low cost models from Kodak or Apple cost around $900.
- 640x480+ resolution, 24 bit color.
- supports both Windows and Mac (if possible)
7. 2D illustration
Usage : General purpose 2D illustration
Adobe's Illustrator 5.5, Macromedia Freehand 5.0, ($150 academic price), or CorelDraw 6.0 for Windows 95, ($500 list price).
8. Screen capture software
Usage :To capture the activities on screen into image files or QuickTime movies; useful for training/demonstration of using software. This kind of software is usually around $100.
III. Live video
1. Low cost camcorder
Usage : For shooting live video (in analog form); useful for laboratory
Consumer grade camcorder ranges from $700 - $1500
Suggested system :
- Hi8 or SVHS (400+ line resolution), regular 8mm and VHS has only about 240 line resolution.
- 12x zoom
- video output port, preferable S-Video port which give better signal than using composite/RCA connectors.
- color viewfinder/stereo/time code/VISCA(for computer control) support if available
Usage : Pre-screen of video segments before video capture. A resolution of more than 400 line and S-video input port are required to take advantage of S-VHS or Hi-8 capability.
3. Computer hardware requirement for digitizing video :
To make movies from video, special hardware is needed to convert the analog signal to digital data.
Video quality :
There are 2 factors of the apparent video quality, size and frame rate.
Actual size of a 320x240 and a 160x120 movie
Quarter size (160x120) usually is too small to be useful. Some students and faculties have commented that quarter size (160x120) movies are too small. Half size (320x240) is usually recommended. Full screen (640x480) is achievable now even though is expensive. Not many computers can play the full screen movies without skipping frames. To achieve full screen movies playback, the computer needs a hardware accelerated video display card installed. One disappointment of first time digital video user is the small size video window they are required to use when limited by equipment.
Low frame rate video usually looks jerky. Equipment that could only achieve no more than 10 frame per seconds (fps) is probably not considered as long term solution. Low frame rate equipment may result in waste of time, money, and effort for development for the long run.
Mac solution :
The easiest way to start is with a Macintosh 8100/100AV model and an additional
low-cost video capture card Radius SpigotPro AV. This can be used to demonstrate what can be done. Monthly lease is about $200/month. The estimated purchase price is included in the specification document.
For regular production use, an medium quality system would require a VideoVision Studio card ($3700) and upgrade of the AV tuned hard drive to an disk array. Pre-configured system like this are available for lease for about $450/month.
One reason for leasing instead of purchasing these AV systems is that the second generation Mac would change to PCI bus from the NuBus. Purchase of NuBus Mac is not advisable. However, at this time, the only second generation PowerMac models available (9500/120 or 9500/132) have no build-in AV capability. Both SpigotPro AV and VideoVision PCI version are not available for the 9500. 8500AV should be available around Aug 7. The other future alternative is from Radius. It has announced plan to ship very soon, pre-configured "PowerMac-clone" video workstations equipped with VideoVision Studio and VideoVision Disk Array.
In addition, the new Mac uses 64-bit DIMM instead of 32-bit SIMM memory modules. Therefore, any purchase of RAM would not be sound investment. Video work requires a large amount of RAM, starting with 40M, or 72M is not uncommon.
The lease can delay any purchasing decision until the 8500AV


text:
Animals in Action
Life Science Activities for Grades
Written by Katharine Barrett
The classroom corral used in this unit serves to focus attention
on the animals gently placed inside, allowing students to observe
the behavior of a gerbil, the movements of a cricket, and other
compelling characteristics of animals in action.
Observing the contained animals closely, the class adds foods,
shelters, and other elements to the "corral environment,"
exploring the concepts of stimulus and response. As other questions
are introducedHow do animals move? What do they prefer
to eat? How do they respond to light and sound?students
generate hypotheses and test their validity through behavior
experiments with rats, crickets, guinea pigs, cardboard boxes,
and common classroom objects. The class concludes the unit with
a scientific convention to discuss findings.
This unit makes an excellent connection to the GEMS guide Aquatic
Habitats, another unit in the GEMS series that
explores animal behavior, habitat, and conservation.
Time: Five 45-minute sessions, plus follow-up sessions.
Comment on this GEMS unit.
Spanish Language Student Materials
What materials are needed to present this unit? See the full list.


Hours of Study
Our study program is serious and intensive, yet is structured to allow for regular study on-line while also working or fulfilling other responsibilities. It is ideal for those who like self-study, yet desire a certain structure and guidance along the way.
The first three levels of Romantic Science set the foundations for later study. They represent the equivalent of approximately 2 years of post-secondary, college-level study, roughly about 1800 hours of study-equivalent.
Each of the specific streams of RomanticScience Healthcare represent a further 2000 hours of study time. In addition each Clinical Internship is approximately 1500 hours of training.
Completion of a Medicine or Regimen Practitioner Program is roughly equivalent to a four-year college diploma. This represents a significant achievement. Our students are justifiably proud of their certificates and diplomas.
However, study is structured so that this can be done over time, at your pace and while also working or practicing. Once you have achieved a practitioner level diploma in one stream, you can start a practice while continuing to work on furthering your studies and training.
 - Romantic Healthcare
Explore a World of Possibilities
© 2013 by HCH. Created with Wix.com
Telephone: _PHONE_


Authenticate an Office 365 user with ADAL JS
In single page applications (SPAs) you consume REST endpoints to retrieve and change data. With Web API you can secure these endpoints using Azure AD and authenticate to these endpoints with OAuth 2.0. Active Directory Authentication Library for JavaScript (ADAL JS) helps you to use Azure AD for handling authentication in your SPAs. The sources can be found on GitHub. In this blog post I describe how to authenticate an Office 365 user (which is an Azure AD user) to a Web API endpoint with ADAL JS.
First things first
Make sure your Office 365 tenant is associated with your Azure AD tenant. When your tenants are associated you need to sign in to the Azure management portal and register your application principal in the Azure AD tenant. The next step is to enable the OAuth 2 implicit grant for your application principal. Make sure the application principal has at least Read user files and Read items in all site collections permissions for the Office 365 SharePoint Online application.
Basics to authenticate to an endpoint with ADAL JS
When using ADAL JS, the library will first create an authentication context based on a configuration object in the constructor. Next ADAL JS will check if the user is authenticated. If the user is not yet authenticated, ADAL JS will redirect the user to the Azure AD login page. When the user is authenticated (within the right Azure AD tenant), ADAL JS provides a function to acquire an access token for an endpoint defined in the configuration object. Within this function you use this access token to authenticate to the endpoint.
Using ADAL JS to authenticate with Office 365 user
An Office 365 user is also a Azure AD user. To get a better understanding of how to authenticate an Office 365 user to multiple endpoints with ADAL JS, I will demonstrate how to get the OneDrive documents of the current user and a list of items within a given SharePoint list.
First we create the configuration object as input for the authentication context. This object specifies the Azure AD tenant, ClientId of the application principal we registered earlier in Azure AD, the URL to which the user should be redirected after login, the endpoints you want to connect to and the cache location.
When the authentication context is created, we make sure the user is authenticated.
If the user is authenticated, we acquire the access token for OneDrive to access the OneDrive files of the current user. The acquireToken function returns an access token for the given endpoint. Since we passed in the endpoint of OneDrive, we can use this token in the REST call to OneDrive. Now the REST call will return a list of all items in the OneDrive root folder.
To obtain an access token for SharePoint, we just use the acquireToken function again with the SharePoint endpoint as input. The function returns an access token which we use in the call to get the titles of all files in a given SharePoint list. Probably you will receive a CORS error the first time you open the page. Refreshing the page should solve this.
Conclusion
You have seen that with ADAL JS you can authenticate an Office 365 user to the endpoints of multiple Office 365 applications. This is not limited to only Office 365 applications. You can authenticate to the endpoints of any other application when the application principal in Azure has received the required permission.
Don't forget to checkout the complete code on GitHub.
Further information
6 thoughts on "Authenticate an Office 365 user with ADAL JS
 1. Hi, Nick I 'm trying to make it work adalJs oauth + onedrive.
 Oauth login works perfect for me, but then I want to make onedrive api call I get 401.
 Also I try to use acquireToken function and I get "Token in cache" message.
 I' m using adal.js & adal-angular.js libraries.
 2. Hi Nicolás,
 Sorry, for the late reply, did you solve it in the meantime? If not, does the token retrieved from the cache belong to the resource "_URL_" (assuming you use the OneDrive API in Microsoft Graph)? The 401 error could mean you got the wrong token. Also the token could be expired. Did you test the token with a manual request in an application like Postman?
 3. Great Article Nick
 I would like to know if I can use the same approach for obtaining the access token to further access the power BI report while I am already on the O365 Site ?
 4. Hey Nick…
 Thanks for the write up. I am having an issue where the first time I authenticate the AcquireToken runs twice and so does the AJAX call…resulting in the response returning twice. Have you experienced this before?
 5. HI Nick,
 I am trying to connect to Sharepoint online site for reading List items using REST URL(end point).But in above code you are using the Client id of the Azure AD Principal .Please guide me how to get the ClientId of Azure AD application principal form portal.azure.com.
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text:
Welcome to the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Research Repository
What would you like to view today?
Reproductive efficiency and breeding potential of East African highland (Musa AAAEA) bananas
MetadataShow full item record
The East African highland banana (Musa spp. AAA) is an economically important food crop. The crop is affected by a number of diseases and pests. Genetic improvement of the crop is hindered by very low seed set and poor seed germination. The objective of this study was to compare seed set, seed quality and embryo rescue rates of hybrid seeds obtained from 20 East African highland banana cultivars crossed with a fertile diploid species, Musa acuminata spp. burmannicoides 'Calcutta 4', as a male parent. There was great variation in seed set, seed quality and in vitro embryo germination rates among the cultivars. Although 72% (range = 47–88%) of the seeds appeared normal externally characterized by black hard integuments, only 59% (range = 35–81%) contained embryos, of which 9% (range = 0–22%) germinated. This study demonstrated that hard-seededness alone does not signify the presence of an embryo and should not be regarded as a measure of seed fertility in East African highland bananas. Cultivars 'Entukura', 'Enzirabahima' and 'Kabucuragye' of the 'Nfuuka' clone set were superior in terms of seed set, presence of seeds with embryos and culturability of embryos. These cultivars are recommended as female parents for a crossing program in the improvement of East African highland bananas. The low embryo rescue rates suggest that hybrid seeds derived from East African highland banana possess factors that cause high embryo abortion. This may be ascribed to endosperm breakdown, which can release toxins.
Multi standard citation
Permanent link to this itemhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12478/3023
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)


text:
As a native Marylander, I've had many discussions with friends about whether we can call it a Southern state. You could say it's in "Dixie," which (according to one historical interpretation from this Civil War fact book) means south of the Mason-Dixon Line. One could also argue that because it fought for the North in the Civil War, Maryland should be considered a Northern state. However, we can't forget that Maryland was a slave state that was chock full of Southern sympathizers during the war.
For evidence, just look up the official state song that remains on the books. You might be surprised (or perhaps offended) at the lyrics. According to this NPR story, a group of active fourth-graders were certainly offended when Linda Tuck, a school library "media specialist," led their study and discussion of the song. Here are some of the lines seen as offensive:
"The despot's heel is on thy shore, Maryland!"
"Huzza! She spurns the Northern scum!"
By the way, that "despot" refers to the revered Abraham Lincoln. James Ryder Randall wrote the poem in 1861, after riots in Baltimore led to the deaths of a few civilians, according to Dissonance by David Detzer.
Tuck took a vote and found that the school children wanted to see the lyrics changed. They then wrote letters to state delegates, and now a bill is in the works. Delegate Pamela Beidle, who introduced the bill, wants to use a different poem written in 1894 for the lyrics of the song.
According to a local news article, the bill does have its critics, who say that the song's a reminder of a part of Maryland's history that is too often forgotten. Others would simply rather leave it up to voters.


text:
Accenture is making significant strides in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) by committing to train more than 250,000 individuals in AI-related skills. This initiative comes as part of the company's broader investment plan of $3 billion over a span of three years, aimed at bolstering its data and AI practice to serve clients across various industries.
The key objective behind this investment is to double the workforce within the data and AI practice, increasing the number of AI professionals to 80,000. This growth will be achieved through a combination of strategies, including hiring new talent, strategic acquisitions, and comprehensive training programs.
During an earnings call, Accenture's CEO, Julie Sweet, emphasized the company's dedication to AI education. She revealed that approximately 600,000 of the firm's employees have already received training in the fundamental principles of AI. Furthermore, Accenture is taking a step forward by equipping an additional 250,000 individuals with AI skills, with a commitment to using AI tools equitably, sustainably, and without any form of bias.
In addition to broad-based AI training, Accenture is also focusing on specialized AI skills through its AI academy. This endeavor aligns with the company's ambitious goal of expanding its deeply skilled data and AI workforce from 40,000 to an impressive 80,000 professionals.
Notably, Accenture is beginning to witness the early stages of monetization for its initiatives in general AI (genAI). This suggests that the company's investments in AI training and specialization are not only preparing its workforce for the future but also generating tangible business value through AI-related projects.


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Phorid Humpbacked Fly
- Closely resemble the fruit fly, but the body has a distinct humped back when viewed from the side
- Are particularly fond of decaying animals as a site to lay their eggs
- Are poor fliers and will often run and can be identified by their erratic flight
The Phorid Humpbacked fly is a small fly that is sometimes confused for a fruit fly or a gnat. They are poor fliers and sometimes called the scuttle fly because it often runs from threats instead of flying. They are frequently found in kitchens around trash cans and clogged drains. The first step in removing these flies is to maintain a clean environment to prevent these flies from laying eggs.
These flies are being studied as a hopeful means of fire ant control. They are known to lay their eggs actually within the fire ant and the larvae feeds upon its host upon hatching. Populations of Phorid flies have proven to be quite effective and are being introduced in various areas to control fire ant populations. However flies within the home should be removed. Please call a pest control professional today to learn more.


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The fruit and vegetable research taking place at Iowa State University's Horticulture Research Station will be on full display for the Fruit and Vegetable Field Day Aug. 5. Specific projects include high tunnels, organic vegetable production, pepper and sweet potato production, pest management in cucurbit crops, hops, peaches and beneficial insects such as bees, wasps and pollinators.
The Iowa Small Farms Conference is an event for people excited to learn more about opportunities with small acreage and ways they can make income on their land or improve their rural lifestyle.
Iowa State University Extension and Outreach will host a field day on Thursday, June 30 to highlight food safety procedures for water safety, cleaning produce and handling practices for commercial fruit and vegetable growers.
The event will be held from 3-5 p.m. at the One Step at a Time Gardens (1465 120th Street) near Kanawha, Iowa. It will provide information and demonstrations on water testing for cleaning produce as well as sanitizers, packaging and temperature management for commercial fruit and vegetable growers.


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Varilux has released Varilux Sport, the first lens geared specifically to the athlete in you. Each lens is designed for taskspecific events such as hiking, biking, golf, etc. The design and Polarization color are specific to research done on that sport, giving you maximum viewing area, maximum protection, and vision enhancement. Now available at Trinity Eye Care.
Lens Color Guide
None-stop lifestyles have led to a new group of patients who expect their sunwear to perform like the high-tech equipment they use for sports. Colors play an important role in sunglass enhancement. Gone are the days of two color choices (gray and brown). A wide variety of color options are now available, each with unique benefits for a vast array of sports.
- Golf - Violet colored lenses provide better tracking of a white ball against the green grass. For color discrimination while viewing the ball in the air and on the course, brown, brownish-rose and green lenses are helpful
- Archery or Firearms - will better discern their targets when using yellow, orange or amber lenses.
- Baseball - brown lenses are the color of choice to distinguish the ball in the blue sky as well as on the green field.
- Cycling - when interchangeable lenses can be taken along, yellow or vermillion work best in low-light conditions, while blue or brown/amber assist to increase contrast.
More Sport Lenses
- Fishing or Boating - the tried and true gray polarized lenses are still an excellent choice.
- Hiking - Interchangeable lenses with color choices of yellow, amber, and darker brown assist with contrast and can help as light increases or diminishes over the day into dusk.
- Running - consider dark brown or gray for sunny days, and yellow/amber as lights levels decrease. Consider flash mirrors for brighter days.
- Skiing/Snowboarding - amber offers good contrast from blue sky, switching to vermillion, orange, or yellow for low light conditions. Polarized lenses can also be helpful.


_USER_{NBERw6636, title = "What Hides Behind an Umemployment Rate: Comparing Portuguese and U.S. Unemployment", author = "Olivier Blanchard and Pedro Portugal", institution = "National Bureau of Economic Research", type = "Working Paper", series = "Working Paper Series", number = "6636", year = "1998", month = "July", doi = {10.3386/w6636}, URL = "_URL_ abstract = {Over the last 15 years, Portugal and the United States have had the same average unemployment rate, about 6.5%. But behind these similar rates hide two very different labor markets. Unemployment duration in Portugal is more than three times that of the United States. Symmetrically, the flow of workers into unemployment in Portugal is, in proportion to the labor force, less than a third of what it is in the United States. Relying on evidence from Portuguese and U.S. micro data sets, we show that these lower flows come in roughly equal proportions from lower job flows, and from lower worker flows relative to job flows. We then argue that these differences plausibly come from high employment protection in Portugal. We finally show how, looking across countries, higher employment protection is associated with lower flows and higher unemployment duration. In short, high employment protection makes economics more sclerotic; but because it affects unemployment duration and flows in opposite directions, it has an ambiguous effect on the unemployment rate.}, }


text: The aim of this paper is to establish the diameter increment response of wild cherry to crown size and available growth space. In order to achieve this, an analysis of 110 trees on sites of the plant communities Hedero - Fagetum, Lamio orvalae - Fagetum and Hacquetio - Fagetum and an analysis of 10 trees growing in open area were carried out. Diameter increment of trees in younger stages of development predominantly depends on height precedence over adjacenttrees. Later on, diameter increment is influenced by crown width and finally - in the mature phase - by relative crown length. Within this research the highest so far known wild cherry tree in Slovenia was measured, measuring 38.79 m in height at the age of 74 years.


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The azimuth property is used only in Aural Stylesheets.
The aural rendering of a document combines sounds and voices to go through the content of a document. Aural presentation occurs often by converting the document to plain text and then feeding this to a screen reader.
Situations and markets for listening to information could be:
Azimuth and elevation are important properties for aural presentation. These properties are used to keep several voices apart. In real life, all the people do not stand in the same spot in a room.
The azimuth property specifies what side the sound should come from.
|angle||A fixed value within the range -360deg to 360deg.
|left-side||270deg and behind 270deg|
|far-left||300deg and behind 240deg|
|left||320deg and behind 220deg|
|center-left||340deg and behind 200deg|
|center||Default. 0deg and behind 180deg|
|center-right||20deg and behind 160deg|
|right||40deg and behind 140deg|
|far-right||60deg and behind 120deg|
|right-side||90deg and behind 90deg|
|leftwards||The sound moves to the left|
|rightwards||The sound moves to the right|
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Topology 2 is a "region aware" view of the topology, where the administrator can configure the network into regions and sub-regions.
In its default state (where no "regions" or "layouts" are defined), it should look and behave similarly to the "classic" Topology view.
Note that this view is currently "experimental".
The ONOS model of the network includes Region objects which can be configured with a collection of Devices (switches) "belonging" to that region.
Regions can be configured using a number of CLI commands:
To add a region to the model, the region-add command can be used..
region-add <region-id> <region-name> <region-type> <lat/Y> <long/X> <locType> <region-master>
- <region-id> is a unique identifier for the region
- <region-name> is a human readable name for the region
- <region-type> is one of the values defined in the Region.Type enumeration:
- CONTINENT, COUNTRY, METRO, CAMPUS, BUILDING, DATA_CENTER, FLOOR, ROOM, RACK, LOGICAL_GROUP
- <lat/Y>, <long/X> are the latitude / longitude (for geo layouts) or Y-coord / X-coord (for grid layouts) to be assigned to the region when it is displayed as a node in its parent layout.
- <locType> is either geo (for geographical (map) layout) or grid (for logical grid layout).
- <region-master> is a list of sets of node-IDs for mastership of the devices (see RegionAddCommand for more details).
A couple of examples:
Note that CLI commands are scriptable. One way of doing this is as follows:
Devices can be assigned to regions with the region-add-devices command:
region-add-devices <region-id> <dev1> <dev2> ... <dev-n>
- <region-id> is the region unique identifier
- <dev-...> is a device identifier


text:
SourceForge Project Page
Laxor is a C++ template library for numerical tensor algebra. It will allow a physicist or mathematician to enter tensor expressions using the familiar Einstein notation, and to produce efficiently running binaries.
Its implementation of the "Einstein" notation produces a tight relationship between the mathematical formulas and the code, allowing quick implementation of new physics formulas, and facilitating experimentation with the high-level reorganizations that lead to the greatest performance improvements.
Laxor uses "template meta-programming", by which the index bookkeeping calculations are mostly accomplished at compile time, so that after template resolution, the compiler is presented with (large) tensor element expressions that are much like what one might code by hand.
There are a number of projects around that approach the problem of tensor algebra, from a variety of angles. For example, tensor-index resolution used in a linear algebra package, and in some cases an attempt to model the "Einstein" notation (but often in a way that produces very slow code). These have not caught on, partly because the end users need both ease of use and efficient execution.
Presently, most physicists rely on explicit hand-coded or automatically-generated expressions in C or Fortran to do tensor calculations.
Hand-coded expressions for tensors are intrinsically huge (often involving hundreds of operations) maintainable only by their author. High-level reorganization of such code can be very difficult.
Automatic systems let physicists enter formulas in a concise form, but require an awful amount of tweaking, and the code in the end is often far from optimal. Also, it often happens that some years later the automatic system becomes unavailable, rendering all the coding useless. An automatic system for generating the expressions involves two steps to produce code (generation and compilation), and three sets of documents (the original math in a journal, computer files with the mathematical formulas, and the source code files).
With Laxor, the formulas will be in the source code, and correspond directly to the math in the journal. Laxor uses only standard C++ features, and so projects based on it can be expected to work for the foreseeable future.
This software is placed under the GNU Lesser Public License and is free, both as in freedom and as in beer.


text: of the nacelles engine's surface vibration nodes and antinodes and the relative resonance dominant frequencies. At this point, setting up the measurement chain, we use the degree reduction of the phenomenon called "Sounding Board Effect"; It consists of a reinforcement or sound amplification that is directly related to structural noise irradiation. In practice, the efficiency of a sound source differs in a proportional manner directly with the ratio of its surface area and the wavelength of the produced sound. In fact, the greater the area of the radiator surface and the greater its efficiency. A sound source with a small radiant surface will produce a small air noise but will still radiate a high-frequency sound more efficiently than a low-frequency sound at the same conditions. Therefore, after attempts with the laser scanning vibrometer, the irradiated positions and dominant frequencies are identified, after which the assemblies are assembled, making them with a ridge-like plate structure, gluing (visco-elastic joints) between them the various surfaces of the plates which make them have obviously calculated areas to reduce the efficiency of the radiated sound at the frequencies of interest (obviously the low frequencies will result in the use of small radiant surfaces); It proceeds for attempts until the scanning laser vibrometer analysis shows a significant reduction in structural nodes and antinodes dominant resonance frequencies.


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Go to the past projects pages.
GAUSS (Governing Adaptive and Unplanned Systems of Systems) is a PRIN project funded by MIUR. The GAUSS project will deliver the methodological enablers required to identify, integrate, and manage "emergent" Systems of Systems (eSoS). These require dynamic and opportunistic engineering due to their intrinsically variable nature tied to their scale and heterogeneity. GAUSS will release a set of integrated technologies to address these engineering problems of eSoS at runtime, when specific execution contexts may invalidate design-time solutions.
iV4XR (intelligent Verification and validation for eXtended Reality). The current XR authoring and development toolset poses no XR testing technology beyond rudimentary record and replay tools that only work for simple test scenarios. iV4XR project (EU H2020, Grant number: 856716) aims to build a novel verification and validation technology for XR systems based on techniques from AI to provide learning and reasoning over a virtual world.
E-LEarning with Virtual interAcTive Experience (Funded by PAT, LP 6/1999) Project proponent and coordinator Delta Informatica, partners: APSS Trento and FBK (
The objective of the ELEVATE project is to deliver a framework for the creation and management of interactive-video exercises for the market of distance learning in professional training.


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As an employee or an employer, it is crucial to understand the concept of after-acquired evidence and how it can impact employment law cases. After-acquired evidence refers to information an employer discovers about an employee's misconduct or wrongdoing after terminating their employment. This evidence, if proven valid, can potentially serve as a defense strategy in employment law cases.
The Legal Framework
Under certain circumstances, after-acquired evidence may limit or completely eliminate an employee's ability to recover damages in an employment lawsuit. The legal framework surrounding after-acquired evidence is complex and varies depending on jurisdiction, so it's crucial to consult with an experienced employment law attorney like the Blair Patricia Law Firm to understand the specific laws in your area.
When is After-Acquired Evidence Relevant?
After-acquired evidence becomes relevant in employment law cases when an employer discovers evidence that, had they known about it, would have provided a legitimate reason for terminating the employee. This evidence can include, but is not limited to:
- Employee theft or embezzlement
- Forgery or fraud
- Violation of company policies
- Substance abuse or intoxication
- Violent or threatening behavior
Employers must be able to demonstrate that the after-acquired evidence is valid, reliable, and would have resulted in termination had it been known prior to the employee's termination.
Proving the Validity of After-Acquired Evidence
When using after-acquired evidence as a defense, employers need to demonstrate the following:
- The after-acquired evidence was discovered through legitimate channels and not through any form of discrimination or unlawful activity.
- The employer would have terminated the employee had they known about the evidence before the termination.
- The after-acquired evidence is substantial and directly related to the employee's actions or conduct that led to the termination.
- The employee's misconduct or wrongdoing had a direct impact on their ability to perform their job duties effectively.
Consulting with an employment law attorney is crucial in evaluating the validity and relevance of after-acquired evidence, as each case is unique and requires a comprehensive understanding of employment law regulations.
Limitations of After-Acquired Evidence
While after-acquired evidence can be a valuable defense strategy for employers, it is important to note its limitations:
- The after-acquired evidence must be directly related to the employee's actions or conduct that led to termination.
- If the employee can prove that the employer's decision to terminate was mainly based on discriminatory factors, after-acquired evidence may be deemed irrelevant.
- If the employee can demonstrate that the employer had a pattern of overlooking similar misconduct by other employees, after-acquired evidence may be challenged as a defense.
- The impact of after-acquired evidence on an employment law case often depends on the specific details and circumstances surrounding the case.
Seek Professional Legal Counsel
Employment law cases involving after-acquired evidence can be complex and require a strategic approach. The Blair Patricia Law Firm specializes in employment and labor law matters and can provide expert legal counsel tailored to your unique case.
With our extensive experience and in-depth knowledge of employment law, we can help navigate the complexities of after-acquired evidence and ensure your best interests are represented. Contact the Blair Patricia Law Firm today to schedule a consultation.


This blog chronicles my experiences learning F# via implementing Push: a programming language designed for use in evolving populations of programs geared for solving symbolic regression problems (genetic programming).
Supercharging SQL Join with GTX Titan, CUDA C++, and Thrust: Part 2
August 22, 2014 Leave a comment
All this code is now on GitHub.
Compute the mathces
Here is a simple, purely brute-force algorithm for computing the join mentioned in Part 1.
Here is the entirely "CPU" implementation of the algorithm:
std::vector<bool> matches(size);
std::fill(matches.begin(), matches.end(), false);
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
 for (int j = 0; j < classes.size(); j++)
 bool match = classes[j] == classCode[i];
 if (match)
 matches[i] = match;
Loop over both datasets, compare them one-by-one, if there is a match – flag it. The only thing to note is that while it's tempting to write the inner loop like this:
matches[i] = classes[j] == classCode[i];
it would be an obvious bug to do so.
This has a loathsome O(m*n) complexity (m, n – sizes of the datasets), and, in general this code is criminal.
In an attempt to decriminalize it, we delegate this work to the GPU as follows:
__global__ void joinValue(const int left, const int * const right, int rightSize, bool * const matches)
 int idx = blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;
 if (idx < rightSize)
 bool match = left == right[idx];
 if (match)
 matches[idx] = match;
__global__ void join(const int * const left, const int * const right, int leftSize, int rightSize, int childBlocks, int childThreadsPerBlock, bool * const matches)
 int idx = blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;
 if (idx < leftSize)
 joinValue<<<childBlocks, childThreadsPerBlock>>>(left[idx], right, rightSize, matches);
Pretty simple. The "join" kernel is used to "loop" over the filtering map one entry per thread. This calls a child kernel to "loop" over the "database table". The output array of "matches" is originally instantiated to "false". We are still O(m*n) in terms of work complexity, but step complexity is O(1) – just two steps are necessary.
Thrust is used to extract raw pointers to the data and pass them to the kernels. No need for CUDA boiler-plate to allocate, copy, and free the memory:
const int * const right = thrust::raw_pointer_cast(;
bool * const matchesRaw = thrust::raw_pointer_cast(;
const int * const left = thrust::raw_pointer_cast(;
//nBlocks: calculated so we have one thread per element of the "left" dataset
int nBlocks = (size + threadCount) / threadCount;
//the child kernel has nChildBlocks: one thread per element of the "right" dataset
int nChildBlocks = ((int)d_patentInfo.classCode.size() + threadCount) / threadCount;
// launch join kernel
int rightSize = (int)d_patentInfo.classCode.size();
join<<<nBlocks, threadCount>>>(left, right, size, rightSize, nChildBlocks, threadCount, matchesRaw);
//... and wait for it to finish
Filter the data
From this point on, everything is done with Thrust.
We count the number of matches and allocate a structure of arrays on the GPU to receive them. The constructor for the structure allocates every one of its arrays.
int nMatches = (int)thrust::count(matches.begin(), matches.end(), true);
PatentInfo relevantPatents(nMatches);
We copy all of the filtered data into the new location in one shot, using the Thrust zip iterators:
// output iterator. "matches" at the end has a larger size than nMatches.
PatentZipIterator relevantPatentsIter =
 relevantPatents.classCode.begin(), relevantPatents.appYear.begin(),
 relevantPatents.issueYear.begin(), relevantPatents.companyId.begin(),
 relevantPatents.isImportant.begin(), matches.begin()));
//input iterator
PatentZipIterator patentZipIter =
 thrust::make_zip_iterator(thrust::make_tuple(d_patentInfo.patentId.begin(), d_patentInfo.classCode.begin(),
 d_patentInfo.appYear.begin(), d_patentInfo.issueYear.begin(),
 d_patentInfo.companyId.begin(), d_patentInfo.isImportant.begin(), matches.begin()));
PatentZipIterator patentZipIterEnd =
 thrust::make_zip_iterator(thrust::make_tuple(d_patentInfo.patentId.end(), d_patentInfo.classCode.end(),
 d_patentInfo.appYear.end(), d_patentInfo.issueYear.end(),
 d_patentInfo.companyId.end(), d_patentInfo.isImportant.end(), matches.end()));
//copy to the output if we are matching
thrust::copy_if(patentZipIter, patentZipIterEnd, relevantPatentsIter, PatentInfo::is_matching());
Here PatentZipIterator is defined as follows:
typedef thrust::tuple<IntIterator, IntIterator, IntIterator, IntIterator, IntIterator, BoolIterator, BoolIterator> PatentIteratorTuple;
typedef thrust::zip_iterator<PatentIteratorTuple> PatentZipIterator;
A zip iterator in Thrust is similar to Zip() function in LINQ. In LINQ, Zip() is limited to two sequences, while in Thrust zip iterator can be used with as many sequences as the thrust::tuple type can handle. In large part, the purpose of this exercise was to take this iterator for a ride: an obvious optimization (discussed later) would not really require this complexity.
In this implementation, we zip up all the arrays in our PatentInfo structure together with the array of matches in a septuple. thrust::make_zip_iterator() takes a tuple of iterators and creates a single iterator that allows us to march thrust algorithms on seven arrays in lock-step. So, thrust::copy_if() – our gathering algorithm can examine one element at a time using PatentInfo::is_matching functor and see if this is a "matched" element. The predicate functor is implemented as follows:
typedef thrust::tuple<int, int, int, int, int, bool, bool> PatentTuple;
struct is_matching : public thrust::unary_function < PatentTuple, bool >
 __host__ __device__
 bool operator() (const PatentTuple& patentTuple)
 return thrust::get<6>(patentTuple);
Each element fed to the predicate is a septuple wrapped into the PatentTuple type, the last member of each septuple is an element of the matches[] array that determines the return value of the predicate.
After the gathering algorithm is done, we are ready to move the results to the host memory, which is done again painlessly by Thrust.
Performance is, unfortunately, ridiculously high. "Unfortunately" because bad performance is a great drive force of innovation and improvement. Here is the summary (in seconds, avg) for a dataset of 20,000,000 "patent ids" joined over 4000 classes.
7(actually for 5,000,000 over 3000 classes) 80 0.012
GPU performance does not include moving the data back into the host memory – this maybe takes a second. Deploying the original data to the GPU is done "off-line", so is of little interest, but it also takes a second or so.
One optimization is so glaring, that I cannot pass it by. Leave the first step intact, but then, instead of moving data to/from the GPU, convert the array of "matches" to the array of indices matched and return it to the user. No need for zip iterators, no need to shovel lots of data to/from the GPU:
 1. Deploy the list of "keys" (original list of patentIds in this case) to the GPU
 2. Find matches as before
 3. Convert the matches array into a compacted array of indices
 4. return the array to the calling application
Then the calling application can scan the array of indices on the CPU in O(nMatches) time, and return the actual filtered dataset.
Besides the fact, that much less data needs to be moved between different spaces (managed, native, GPU), we also free the GPU implementation of any data complexity: no need to know what the table we are filtering actually looks like, as long as we are filtering on a single integer key!
Categories: CPP, CUDA
Supercharging SQL Join with GTX Titan, CUDA C++, and Thrust: Part 1
August 21, 2014 1 comment
This is a post in two parts:
Part 1 – The problem, solution setup, the algorithm.
Part 2 – (The juicy) Implementation details, discussion.
select distinct p.PatentID, p.ClassId, p.CompanyId, p.IssueYear, p.AppYear, p.IsImportant
from _USER_ t
join Patents p on p.ClassId = t.ClassId
This join filters patents belonging to a set of classes from the Patents table.
Semantics are


kids encyclopedia robot
Aluminaut facts for kids
Kids Encyclopedia Facts
Aluminaut underwater in 1972 (NOAA/NURP)
Aluminaut underwater in 1972 (NOAA/NURP)
Career (United States)
Name: Aluminaut
Owner: Reynolds Metals Company
Operator: Reynolds Marine Services
Builder: General Dynamics Electric Boat, Groton, Connecticut, USA
In service: 1964
Out of service: 1970
Homeport: Miami, Florida, USA
Status: Preserved as museum ship; Science Museum of Virginia; Richmond, VA, USA
Quick facts for kids
General characteristics
Type: Deep-submergence vehicle (DSV)
Tonnage: 80 short tons (73 t)
Displacement: 80 short tons (73 t)
Length: 51 ft (16 m)
Beam: 8 ft 1 in (2.46 m)
Speed: 3 knots (5.6 km/h; 3.5 mph)
Endurance: 32 hours
Test depth: 15,000 feet (4,600 m)
Capacity: 6,000 lb (2,700 kg) payload
Crew: 6-7 (3 crew, 3-4 scientists)
Aluminaut (built in 1964) was the world's first aluminium submarine. An experimental vessel, the 80-ton, 15.5-metre (51 ft) manned deep-ocean research submersible was built by Reynolds Metals Company, which was seeking to promote the utility of aluminium. Aluminaut was based in Miami, Florida, and was operated from 1964 to 1970 by Reynolds Submarine Services, doing contract work for the U.S. Navy and other organizations, including marine biologist Jacques Cousteau.
Aluminaut is best known for helping recover a lost unarmed U.S. hydrogen bomb in 1966 and recovering its smaller fellow deep-submergence vehicle, DSV Alvin in 1969, after Alvin had been lost and sank in the Atlantic Ocean the previous year. After retirement, Aluminaut was donated to the Science Museum of Virginia in Richmond, where it is on permanent display.
1964: Aluminaut: the world's first aluminum submarine
Reynolds Metals was an early developer and manufacturer of aluminum products, including aluminum buses and other aluminium motor vehicles.
Reynolds Metals designed and built the Aluminaut as an experiment. The concept of an aluminum submarine was developed at Reynolds during World War II in 1942 by executive vice president Julian "Louis" Reynolds, a son of the founder. Louis Reynolds led the foil division, which accounted for 65% of the company's sales before the war. Reynolds Metals played an active role in the U.S. war effort, but it was 20 years before the aluminium submarine was built.
In 1964, Reynolds had the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics in Groton, Connecticut build the world's first aluminium submarine. The submersible was operated by subsidiary Reynolds Submarine Services Corporation, based in Miami, Florida. Compared to many deep-sea vessels, Aluminaut was large. It weighed 80 tons and could accommodate a crew of three and three to four scientists. It had four view ports, active and passive sonar, manipulators, side-scan sonar, and a capacity of 6,000 pounds (2,700 kg) of payload.
For flexibility, it was outfitted for many types of oceanographic and salvage missions. In September 1964, Time magazine reported on the vehicle's unique specifications, stating that its 51-foot (16 m) hull consists of 11 forged cylinders. Aluminium's strength-to-weight ratio exceeds that of steel, so Aluminaut's 6.5-inch-thick (170 mm) shell could withstand pressures of 7,500 pounds per square inch (52 MPa) at the sub's 17,000 ft (5,200 m) maximum diving range.
The Aluminaut was designed at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Woods Hole, Massachusetts. A full-scale wooden mock-up was built to engineer the interior spaces. The project was classified as top-secret at that time. At that time it did not have a conning tower entry and it immediately flooded and sank. The tower entry was designed and added and in the first test, the submarine turned upside down. It was thought at that time that the design was impractical and was almost scrapped.
A one-sixteenth scale model of the final design was built in 1960 and run through stability and pressure tests.
1966: Helping recover a lost unarmed atomic bomb
1966 Palomares B-52 crash - recovered H-bomb
The recovered thermonuclear bomb was displayed by U.S. Navy officials on the fantail of the submarine rescue ship U.S.S. Petrel after it was located in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Spain at a depth of 762 meters and recovered in April 1966
The Aluminaut soon became useful during an incident with potentially major implications. On January 17, 1966, a 1.45-megaton-of-TNT equivalent thermonuclear bomb (Teller–Ulam design) was lost in the Mediterranean Sea during a United States Air Force collision over Palomares, Spain.
Seven crew members were killed in the mid-air crash of a B-52 bomber and a KC-135 refueling plane. The crash dropped three thermonuclear bombs on the land, and one in the sea. Although the others were quickly located, the bomb which had fallen into the ocean could not be located promptly.
The U.S. Navy responded to the coast off Spain with an 18-ship, 2,200-man recovery task force under Admiral William S. "Wild Bill" Guest. In addition to military ships, the civilian-crewed Aluminaut and deep-sea submersible Alvin were both used to respond to this urgent situation as part of the task force, along with other specialized equipment. Once on site, Aluminaut and Alvin searched the ocean depths to locate and recover the submerged bomb. For eighty days the search went on, straining the U.S. relationship with Spain, and giving Soviet propagandists what Time magazine described as "a rich fallout of anti-American gibes".
The bomb was found by Alvin resting nearly 910 metres (3,000 ft) below the surface, and was raised intact on April 7, 1966. Admiral Guest allowed it to be photographed by the news media, allowing the world at large its first peek at a thermonuclear bomb as it sat secured on the fantail of the 2,100-long-ton (2,100 t) submarine rescue ship USS Petrel.
1969: Rescuing a fellow DSV
Although both were put into service in 1964, the smaller Alvin was to have a much longer life. As of 2017, the Alvin is still in active service, operated by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Yet Aluminaut proved vital to Alvin in 1969.
In October 1968, Alvin was being transported aboard the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution tender ship Lulu. Lulu was a vessel created from a pair of decommissioned U.S. Navy pontoon boats with a support structure. While Alvin was being lowered over the side of Lulu on 16 October 1968, two steel cables snapped with three crew members aboard and the hatch open. Situated between the pontoons with no deck underneath, Alvin hit the water and started to sink rapidly. The three crew members managed to escape, but Alvin sank in 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) of water.
In September 1969, Aluminaut was used to secure lines and a net to the Alvin, which was located, intact, almost a mile beneath the surface. Alvin was then hauled to the surface by USS Mizar. Lunches left aboard Alvin were found to be soggy but edible, a fact which was tested when a preserved cheese sandwich was nibbled upon by one of the crew. This incident led to a more comprehensive understanding that near-freezing temperatures and the lack of decaying oxygen at depth aided preservation. Alvin required a major overhaul after the incident.
Other missions
Aluminaut did other work for the U.S. Navy, recovering a 2,100-pound (950 kg) current array torpedo at the Navy's acoustic testing facility in the Bahamas. It helped make films for Jacques Cousteau and Ivan Tors Studios. Depths up to 6,000 feet (1,800 m) were reached while surveying for the U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office.
Retirement
The Aluminaut was retired in 1970. It was donated by Reynolds Metals Company to the Science Museum of Virginia in Richmond, Virginia, where it is on display. However, the submersible continues to be maintained in case it needs to be returned to active service.
kids search engine
Aluminaut Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.


text:
Total Wellness Evaluation
Getting a bird's eye view on your overall health is extremely valuable. This evaluation is a holistic approach to your body including the physical, mental, and emotional aspects of health and how they are affecting your immune function, ability to handle stress as well as your energy levels, mood, and brain function.
Bio-Energetic Synchronization Technique
This non-force technique combines basic science principles in neurology, physiology and quantum physics to update cellular memory, balance your autonomic nervous system and allow your body to function more efficiently.


text:
- Posted April 14, 2014 by
This iReport is part of an assignment:
Malaysia Airlines Flight 370
HUMAN DNA IN WATER
This DNA should be detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) if samples of water from the sea bed is tested close to the suspected final resting place of mh370.
Water sample could be tested from deep sea bed where Black box pingers were detected. Closer to the plane higher the DNA concentration in water.
Looking for human DNA may be useful as no debris field was detected .I do not think that this has ever been tried before but worth considering,