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Why do they hate us so?
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Granted, committed Catholics are uncomfortable with much of the drift in contemporary American culture. We're uncomfortable with the rampant consumerism of American society. We're nervous with the current climate in scientific research, the if-it's-doable-let's-do-it mentality that is fueling the stem-cell research derby and the push to create new life forms. We're worried, too, about the effects of the country's highly sexualized media culture on our kids. But so, too, are our Protestant and Jewish neighbors.
But why is anti-Catholicism so evident in America today? What explains the government's recent slap in the face to our Church, telling leaders of Catholic hospitals, colleges and foundations that they must provide contraceptive services to all employees as part of their health plans? Are the politicians who made this ruling convinced that Catholics are held in so little regard that there will be little blow-back from us and possibly quiet satisfaction among non-Catholics?
America is an open society that celebrates diversity and multiculturalism. We have made a veritable state religion of tolerance. Why is it, then, that so many non-Catholics have so little tolerance for us? What is it about Catholics that gets under their skin so?
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Customers frequently ask about the differences in ferrule materials: "Should I use 100% graphite, Vespel®/Graphite or 100% Vespel®? What's the difference between 85/15 and 60/40 V/G? I have a non-GC application; what kind will work best?" While in most cases ferrules made from any of these materials can be used interchangeably, each has unique properties that can make it the preferred type for a particular application. Here we will list some of their properties, and explain how these can guide selection for use.
Vespel® Ferrules:
These are made from 100% Dupont polyimide, a hard polymeric plastic. They are excellent for creating seals on metal or glass and have long lifetimes. 100% Vespel is essentially non-porous to oxygen so it's ideal for GC/MS interface use, where air permeation can raise the background signal and contribute to phase degradation. They're rated for use up to 350°C.
Vespel ferrules tend to fuse permanently to the outer polyimide layer of fused silica GC capillary columns. After bonding they can't be re-used, for example to reposition them after trimming the column. Vespel tends to shrink through repeated heating and cooling cycles so it works best in connections that are isothermal or insulated from oven temperature changes. It is the hardest of the polymeric ferrules so it needs firm torque to compress and seal.
Vespel®/Graphite Ferrules:
These are made from DuPont polyimide/graphite blends, with either 15% or 40% graphite by weight, respectively. Graphite increases high-temperature tolerance, and reduces sticking and shrinking. They can be reused and repositioned along capillary columns if not over-compressed in the fitting. The 60/40 V/G blend will have the lowest chance of bonding. Because they are softer than 100% Vespel, only gentle force is needed to compress them and form a seal. They are both rated to 400°C.
Due to slight shrinking at high temperatures, they must be retightened after initial temperature cycles to avoid leaks. The 60/40 blend has enhanced wear resistance, lower friction, and improved dimensional and anti-oxidation stability compared with the 85/15 blend, which is harder. Both are good choices for routine GC/MS applications.
Graphite Ferrules:
These are made from high-purity graphite. They seal with minimal torque and can be re-used many times if not over-compressed. They do not shrink in normal use so retightening is not needed. They are very soft and must be handled carefully. Graphite ferrules are commonly used in GC systems on the inlet and detector ends because they don't stick to the column, and can be removed and reinserted easily. Graphite ferrules should not be used with GC/MS instruments because of permeability to air.
You should always trim a short piece of the column after replacing the ferrule to be sure that no graphite particles have plugged the column. Graphite ferrules are rated to 450°C.
PTFE Ferrules:
They are made from 100% PTFE. They are soft, completely inert, and have very low friction. PTFE ferrules are hydrophobic and commonly used in liquid applications. PTFE Ferrules are rated up to 250°C.
Other Considerations:
It's important to match the ferrule ID to the OD of the capillary or tube for the best sealing, although in a pinch a ferrule with a slightly larger OD than optimal can still be used. For example, a 0.5 mm ID ferrule can be used with a 0.25 mm ID capillary, which usually takes 0.4 mm ID ferrules. We've even sealed 0.25 mm ID columns using 0.8 mm ID ferrules just to see if this can be done, although it isn't recommended. If the "nose" of the ferrule doesn't close evenly, by the time it gets to the column it could exert a lateral force that snaps the column.
For non-GC uses, ferrule selection depends on the requirements of your application. Graphite ferrules can be used to very high temperatures, for example to seal around a thermocouple, while Vespel/Graphite ferrules (15% and 40%) are good for sealing around glass. 100% Vespel ferrules are hard enough to deform thin-walled steel tubing. Please note that Vespel, Vespel/Graphite and PTFE ferrules should not be used in high-pressure applications, especially if the ferrule is the only means of gripping and holding the tube or device in place.
If you still have questions on your specific application and your ferrule options, contact CRS for expert advice!


The Psychology of Place Attachment: Why We Are Connected to Locations
Edited by Lina Maragha
"Home is where the heart is" a phrase repeated by many, is a quote that I find myself wondering about. As I sit at my desk and look at my computer which houses the entirety of university for me this year, I find my thoughts wondering off about somewhere else I would rather be. Not just anywhere, a place that I love, where the people are kind, my experiences have been memorable and my visits frequent. Place attachment is the connection one has to their favourite destination, home or location. It can be made meaningful through independent or group experiences. The psychological process of place attachment is driven by three factors, affect, cognition, and behaviour.
The Affect
We as people can bond with our locations. There is an emotional connection that may occur between person and place when it satisfies a "human need". These places bring feelings of "well-being" and "pride". It works the other way as well, in places you might have had a traumatic experience in, it is likely you will be averse to it. For example, a childhood home may be of significance but it does not always have to be associated with positive feelings.
Similar to the way music and songs bring back memories so can our location. Place attachment in response to cognition is the personal connection and meaning you can have with a given destination. These may be cottages, cities or other areas that you have frequented which is common in people and this can show "one's self-concept".
Behaviour refers to interpersonal attachment and the closeness one remains to the location that is missed. This occurs when there is a positive bond to somewhere you have been and your efforts to return or the distance you keep in order to increase visits. Homesickness expresses the bond one may have for their homes after being away for long periods of time and their longing to return.
We may have personal connections to locations however, it can also be the people we were there with that grow our desire to return. Positive experiences with groups of individuals can draw out intense memories when looking back. Experiences can "create meaning". Something many of us have heard during the pandemic is "its not New York without New Yorkers," and I think this is true of many places right now. The energy that was once there is no longer. One important location I think students are missing is campus. A large part of university is the experiences and people you meet along the way. For some who live close, they can take a walk through campus but it is not the same without the constant energy from the student body. As for others who live further from their friends and school it can bring up emotions that cause one to reflect on happy memories.
However, school is certainly not the only place we could be longing for right now. Here are some suggestions to help you feel closer to your favourite place:
Homesick Candles
This is a company that sells candles with the scents of several different states and countries that you may be in desire to return to.
One of my favourite things to do while being home is to research some movies or shows that were filmed in the location I am missing. It is a lot of fun to watch and remember visiting the sights.
Look back on pictures you took when visiting last and FaceTime a friend to talk about the fun times and happy memories you made together.
Enjoy food that brings up nostalgic feelings.
Music is powerful and can have strong connections to moments in our lives. Refer back to what you were listening to when you last visited your favourite place.
Gifford, Robert, Scannell, Leila. (2008, September 22). Defining place attachment: A tripartite organizing framework.


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Staff Picks: Books
Staff-recommended reading from the
A story of the past for the future
Toni Morrison used a collection of photographs taken during the struggle to integrate schools to tell a story of hope, triumph and survival. The 1954 Brown versus the Board of Education segregation case embodied a turbulent time in American history and what better way to tell its story than through its pictures. Unlike Toni Morrison's other books Remember: the Journey to School Integration is a pictorial collection for children and it will mean different things to different people. But the picture that means the most to me was taken from a New York Times May 18, 1954 article that blared High Court Bans School Segregation; 9-to-0 Decision Grants Time to Comply. And on the opposite page is a picture of the nine Supreme Court judges that did away with the 1896 Separate but Equal ruling.
Remember: The Journey to School Integration

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


fail during delivery.
To monitor your Firehose delivery stream, enable error logging. Doing this means that you can monitor record delivery errors.
Create an IAM role for the Firehose stream by choosing Create new, or Choose. Doing this brings you to a new screen. Choose Create a new IAM role, give the role a name, and then choose Allow.
If you look at the policy document, you can see that the role gives Kinesis Data Firehose permission to publish error logs to CloudWatch, execute your Lambda function, and put records into your S3 backup bucket.
You now get a chance to review and adjust the Firehose stream settings. When you are satisfied, choose Create Stream. You get a confirmation once the stream is created and active.
Create a VPC Flow Log
To send events from Amazon VPC, you need to set up a VPC flow log. If you already have a VPC flow log you want to use, you can skip to the "Publish CloudWatch to Kinesis Data Firehose" section.
On the AWS console, open the Amazon VPC service. Then choose VPC, Your VPC, and choose the VPC you want to send flow logs from. Choose Flow Logs, and then choose Create Flow Log. If you don't have an IAM role that allows your VPC to publish logs to CloudWatch, choose Set Up Permissions and Create new role. Use the defaults when presented with the screen to create the new IAM role.
Once active, your VPC flow log should look like the following.
Publish CloudWatch to Kinesis Data Firehose
When you generate traffic to or from your VPC, the log group is created in Amazon CloudWatch. The new log group has no subscription filter, so set up a subscription filter. Setting this up establishes a real-time data feed from the log group to your Firehose delivery stream.
At present, you have to use the AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) to create a CloudWatch Logs subscription to a Kinesis Data Firehose stream. However, you can use the AWS console to create subscriptions to Lambda and Amazon Elasticsearch Service.
To allow CloudWatch to publish to your Firehose stream, you need to give it permissions.
$ aws iam create-role --role-name CWLtoKinesisFirehoseRole --assume-role-policy-document file://TrustPolicyForCWLToFireHose.json
Here is the content for TrustPolicyForCWLToFireHose.json.
{
 "Statement": {
 "Effect": "Allow",
 "Principal": { "Service": "logs.us-east-1.amazonaws.com" },
 "Action": "sts:AssumeRole"
 }
}

Attach the policy to the newly created role.
$ aws iam put-role-policy
 --role-name CWLtoKinesisFirehoseRole
 --policy-name Permissions-Policy-For-CWL
 --policy-document file://PermissionPolicyForCWLToFireHose.json
Here is the content for PermissionPolicyForCWLToFireHose.json.
{
 "Statement":[
 {
 "Effect":"Allow",
 "Action":["firehose:*"],
 "Resource":["arn:aws:firehose:us-east-1:YOUR-AWS-ACCT-NUM:deliverystream/ FirehoseSplunkDeliveryStream"]
 },
 {
 "Effect":"Allow",
 "Action":["iam:PassRole"],
 "Resource":["arn:aws:iam::YOUR-AWS-ACCT-NUM:role/CWLtoKinesisFirehoseRole"]
 }
 ]
}
Finally, create a subscription filter.
$ aws logs put-subscription-filter
 --log-group-name " /vpc/flowlog/FirehoseSplunkDemo"
 --filter-name "Destination"
 --filter-pattern ""
 --destination-arn "arn:aws:firehose:us-east-1:YOUR-AWS-ACCT-NUM:deliverystream/FirehoseSplunkDeliveryStream"
 --role-arn "arn:aws:iam::YOUR-AWS-ACCT-NUM:role/CWLtoKinesisFirehoseRole"
When you run the AWS CLI command preceding, you don't get any acknowledgment. To validate that your CloudWatch Log Group is subscribed to your Firehose stream, check the CloudWatch console.
As soon as the subscription filter is created, the real-time log data from the log group goes into your Firehose delivery stream. Your stream then delivers it to your Splunk Enterprise or Splunk Cloud environment for querying and visualization. The screenshot following is from Splunk Enterprise.
In addition, you can monitor and view metrics associated with your delivery stream using the AWS console.
Conclusion
Although our walkthrough uses VPC Flow Logs, the pattern can be used in many other scenarios. These include ingesting data from AWS IoT, other CloudWatch logs and events, Kinesis Streams or other data sources using the Kinesis Agent or Kinesis Producer Library. We also used Lambda blueprint Kinesis Data Firehose CloudWatch Logs Processor to transform streaming records from Kinesis Data Firehose. However, you might need to use a different Lambda blueprint or disable record transformation entirely depending on your use case. For an additional use case using Kinesis Data Firehose, check out This is My Architecture Video, which discusses how to securely centralize cross-account data analytics using Kinesis and Splunk.

Additional Reading
If you found this post useful, be sure to check out Integrating Splunk with Amazon Kinesis Streams and Using Amazon EMR and Hunk for Rapid Response Log Analysis and Review.
About the Authors
Tarik Makota is a solutions architect with the Amazon Web Services Partner Network. He provides technical guidance, design advice and thought leadership to AWS' most strategic software partners. His career includes work in an extremely broad software development and architecture roles across ERP, financial printing, benefit delivery and administration and financial services. He holds an M.S. in Software Development and Management from Rochester Institute of Technology.

Roy Arsan is a solutions architect in the Splunk Partner Integrations team. He has a background in product development, cloud architecture, and building consumer and enterprise cloud applications. More recently, he has architected Splunk solutions on major cloud providers, including an AWS Quick Start for Splunk that enables AWS users to easily deploy distributed Splunk Enterprise straight from their AWS console. He's also the co-author of the AWS Lambda blueprints for Splunk. He holds an M.S. in Computer Science Engineering from the University of Michigan.

Now Open – AWS China (Ningxia) Region
Post Syndicated from Jeff Barr original _URL_
Today we launched our 17th Region globally, and the second in China. The AWS China (Ningxia) Region, operated by Ningxia Western Cloud Data Technology Co. Ltd. (NWCD), is generally available now and provides customers another option to run applications and store data on AWS in China.
The Details
At launch, the new China (Ningxia) Region, operated by NWCD, supports Auto Scaling, AWS Config, AWS CloudFormation, AWS CloudTrail, Amazon CloudWatch, CloudWatch Events, Amazon CloudWatch Logs, AWS CodeDeploy, AWS Direct Connect, Amazon DynamoDB, Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS), Amazon EC2 Systems Manager, AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Amazon ElastiCache, Amazon Elasticsearch Service, Elastic Load Balancing, Amazon EMR, Amazon Glacier, AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), Amazon Kinesis Streams, Amazon Redshift, Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS), Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3), Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS), Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS), AWS Support API, AWS Trusted Advisor, Amazon Simple Workflow Service (SWF), Amazon Virtual Private Cloud, and VM Import. Visit the AWS China Products page for additional information on these services.
The Region supports all sizes of C4, D2, M4, T2, R4, I3, and X1 instances.
Check out the AWS Global Infrastructure page to learn more about current and future AWS Regions.
Operating Partner
To comply with China's legal and regulatory requirements, AWS has formed a strategic technology collaboration with NWCD to operate and provide services from the AWS China (Ningxia) Region. Founded in 2015, NWCD is a licensed datacenter and cloud services provider, based in Ningxia, China. NWCD joins Sinnet, the operator of the AWS China China (Beijing) Region, as an AWS operating partner in China. Through these relationships, AWS provides its industry-leading technology, guidance, and expertise to NWCD and Sinnet, while NWCD and Sinnet operate and provide AWS cloud services to local customers. While the cloud services offered in both AWS China


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My teacher has asked us to take the following class file, Date.java:
...and create 2 private date fields, as I have already done:
He then wants us to create two constructors: one as a default constructor, and the other that accepts the start and end dates of the time period as parameters. The problem is, I don't know how I would go about creating these methods.
I have tried:
...but I get an error saying that it must return something. Maybe I'm going about this completely wrong, anyways. Could someone please shed some light on this?
The class is named Date, so the constructor must also be named Date, not DateSpan. If you call it "DateSpan" then Java thinks it's a method instead of a constructor, and in a method declaration you always need to specify a return type ("void" if the method doesn't return a value).

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


TinyVGA.com: VGA Microcontroller projects
Atmel ATmega Video generator with SDRAM
This projects uses 8MByte SDRAM from a 168 pin DIMM SDRAM and generates videosignal for a VGA monitor with a resolution of 512x480 pixels with 256 colors at 60Hz using mega8515.
The project uses burst mode of SDRAM, which can feed up to 512 bytes without MCU help. This means that MCU can do anything (i.e. generate another graphics) during that time. 8MB SDRAM can be used to store up to 32 frames, so you can display one frames while generating another one.
So far this project works but is not yet complete.
The text demo application shows a text stored in flash memory. Graphics demo receives a BMP image large 512x512 pixels with 256 colors.
The data throughput of SDRAM is as fast as the AVR clock, and the CPU load is much lower than if DRAM or SRAM is used.
Here is a test image in the graphics mode. This picture shows the construction of the circuit: Besides the mega8515, SDRAM, the RAM DAC, a 18432MHz clock and a delay line (or just several gates in series) requires no additional components.
Text mode (rendered in graphics).


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- Prevention Hub
- About breast cancer
- Reduce Your Risk
- Our research
- Get involved
- About us
4 years ago
16 April, 2018
One recent research project we have co-funded investigated whether UV filters (used in many sunscreens) were present in human breast tissue.
We asked Professor Philippa Darbre, who led the research, to explain why this research is so important.
PD – UV stands for 'Ultraviolet' – and UV filters are chemicals used as protection against harmful damage caused by UV light. There are around 50 different types of chemical UV filters. As you'd expect, they're used widely in sunscreen creams, in order to protect skin from damage by UV light, which can lead to skin cancer. But they may also be added to other personal care products, such as moisturisers, to increase product stability, or incorporated into textiles, marketed as UV protective clothing. For those interested in the long chemical names for these things, the most commonly used UV filters include benzophenones (e.g. benzophenone-3 or BP-3), octylmethoxycinnamate (OMC), 4-methylbenzilidenecamphor (4-MBC), homosalate (HS) and octocrylene (OCT).
PD – Unfortunately not, these chemicals do not break down easily or disappear quickly once washed off. In fact, due to their widespread use in consumer products – notably sunscreens – they are increasingly found in the environment, for example in water, soil and tissues of aquatic organisms (1).
Also, studies have shown that these chemicals are rapidly absorbed by the skin and can be measured at increased levels in blood just one hour after applying to skin (2). These and other UV filters have been identified in a range of human body fluids and tissues including urine, placenta, breast milk and most recently, in human breast tissue (3). So they're not easily removed from the body either.
PD – The problem is that UV filters are known to be endocrine disrupting chemicals or EDCs, which can mimic natural oestrogen found in our bodies. Lifetime exposure to oestrogen is an established risk factor for breast cancer.
The UV filters, BP-3, OMC, 4-MBC, HS and OCT are known EDCs and all possess oestrogenic properties. In separate studies, they have been shown to increase the growth of oestrogen-responsive human breast cancer cells, when cultured under laboratory conditions (4, 5).
Furthermore, at levels we recently detected in human breast tissue, BP-3, OMC and 4-MBC can increase proliferation, migration and invasive properties of human breast cancer cells grown in cell culture (6, 7). This implies a potential for these UV filters to increase tumour spread. This is especially relevant for breast cancer, where tumour spread is the main cause of mortality.
PD – Our recent work investigated whether 4 commonly used UV filters were present in breast tissue from 40 women who'd undergone mastectomies as a result of breast cancer diagnosis. We took measurements in 3 different locations across the breast to see if they were more heavily distributed at specific sites where breast cancer is most common. We found one or more UV filters were measurable in 84% of tissue samples and in at least one breast region for 95% of the women. Specifically, BP-3 was measured in 69% of the tissue samples and OMC was measured in 74% of them. 4-MBC was detected less often – in only 13% of samples. We did not detect HS in any of the tissue samples. All of these UV filters have been shown to be oestrogenic and their presence in human breast tissue suggests a potential for them to influence breast cancer development.
PD – People should take steps to avoid excessive exposure of skin to UV rays from sunlight or elsewhere but there are ways of doing this other than just covering our bodies with these chemicals. It's best to avoid the sun when it's at its hottest, cover up using a hat and cool long sleeves etc. However, if you are unable to cover up, you could consider using an old-fashioned zinc oxide based sunscreen which many organic cosmetics companies market.
It would seem unlikely that occasional holiday use of chemical UV filters in sunscreen would cause serious harm because studies of applying to skin show not only that the chemicals are absorbed within 1 hour but also that they are largely cleared after 24 hours. However, more and more products that are not primarily sunscreens now contain UV filters – to protect the product rather than the user. This means that we may all be exposed to these chemicals every day without realising it. The oestrogenic activity of UV filters and their identification in breast tissue suggest they may have the potential to influence breast cancer development, so their regular use –from application of a personal care product such as moisturiser or wearing impregnated clothing – should be avoided.
27 July 2022
The first of two BCUK's co-funded PhD studentships, awarded to Alex Websdale, has recently come to an end. Alex's project was co-funded by the University of Leeds and supervised by...Read full story
15 July 2022
Marine plastic waste is one of the most significant environmental problems globally. As plastic waste continues to grow, another problem has emerged; microplastic pollution. To mark Plastic Free July, we...Read full story
8 July 2022
BCUK's top plastic alternatives Our society has become increasingly dependent on plastic products, but around 50% of plastics consumed are single-use. So, making the shift to live with less...Read full story
A £10 donation today can help fund our PHD studentships to carry out world-class animal free research into the causes of breast cancer.
A donation of £30 can help fund our Prevention Hub so your loved ones can learn how to reduce their risk.
Your donation of £50 can fund our animal free research and educational programmes to prevent breast cancer for future generations.
Just want to help in some way? donate an amount that feels right for you
New easy way for you to donate to Breast Cancer UK:
Donate £5 please text to 70970

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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In the current edition of German Studies Review, published in February, Maria Makela argues that the contemporary popularization of scientific knowledge about gonads and their hormonal secretions was an inspiration for much visual and literary culture produced in Germany in the 1920s: Continue reading
Welcome to the Weimar Studies Network
The Weimar Studies Network (WSN) is an international platform for researchers and academics working on the history of the Weimar Republic.
It offers information on recent publications, up-coming events and on-going research projects on the politics, culture and society of the interwar years in Germany.
The WSN is open to anybody with an interest in the history of Weimar Germany.
- Architecture Art History Berlin Biography Conference Cultural History Economic History Education Exhibition Fashion Foreign Policy Gender General History History of Science History of the Everyday Intellectual History Journal Legal History Literature Media History Military History National Socialism Political History Religious Culture Resource Social History Theatre & Film Transnational History Visual Culture


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- To understand how PolicyStat notifies users of updates
- To understand how PolicyStat alerts users that require action
When an action is required to be completed regarding a policy, or a policy requires attention, users are notified in one of three ways:
1. Automatic notification emails
- For examples of notification emails, click here
- For more on configuring automated email notifications (including turning off undesired emails), see this article.
- For more on understanding who receives email notifications by user role, see this article.
2. The Home tab
The Home tab features reports of policies requiring action.
3. The Notifications page
The Notifications page is accessible to any user in one of two ways:
- The link in the upper right-hand corner of every PolicyStat page.
- From the base PolicyStat local PolicyStat URL (e.g. - _URL_), add /notification to the end (e.g. - _URL_
For more information about configuring email notifications from this page, see the article here.
This article applies to the following user roles:


Parlophone Records
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Parlophone Records is a record label, which began in Germany in 1896. It is best known as one of the record labels who put out music by The Beatles in the 1960s. Parlophone's L-shaped logo began as the logo of the German Lindstrom label, which became part of Parlophone.
The company became part of EMI in 1931, and was known at the time especially for jazz and comedy records. They also issued records of "regional music", including works by Scottish and Latin recording artists. George Martin, staff producer, sometimes travelled to Scotland to record popular artists there.
The Beatles were signed to Parlophone in 1962, and released most of their records on the label.
Parlophone continues today with artists like Lily Allen and Radiohead.
In 2012, Universal Music Group bought EMI (the owner of Parlophone), but Universal chose to sell Parlophone to Warner Music Group.


William T. Grant Foundation Invites Applications for Research Grants on Reducing Inequality
The William T. Grant Foundation is inviting applications for its Research Grants on Reducing Inequality program, which supports high-quality field-initiated studies from a range of disciplines and methodologies relevant to policies and practices that affect the lives of young people between the ages of 5 and 25 in the United States.
Through the program, grants of up to $600,000 over up to three years will be awarded in support of research that aims to build, test, or increase understanding of programs, policies, or practices that can reduce inequality in the academic, social, behavioral, or economic outcomes of young people. Descriptive studies that clarify mechanisms for reducing inequality or elucidate how or why a specific program, policy, or practice operates to reduce inequality are welcomed.
The foundation prioritizes studies focused on reducing inequality on the basis of race, ethnicity, economic standing, language minority status, or immigrant origin. It also supports studies from a range of disciplines, fields, and methodologies and encourages investigations into various systems, including justice, housing, child welfare, mental health, and education. Competitive proposals often incorporate data from multiple sources and often involve multidisciplinary teams. In addition to financial support, grantees receive significant time and capacity-building resources from the foundation. Projects led by African American, Latinx, Native American, and Asian Pacific American researchers are encouraged.
Letters of Inquiry are due August 4. Upon review, selected applicants will be invited to submit a full proposal.
See the William T. Grant Foundation website for complete program guidelines, application instructions, and descriptions of previously funded projects.
View another RFP related to children / youth
Deadline: January 27, 2021


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I recently paid a visit to the Bernard family at Barnyard Organics in Freetown, PEI. Sally and Mark Bernard operate one of the largest (if not the biggest) organic farms on the Island and Sally and her daughter, Lucy, were my tour guides.
Sally (who grew up on a farm in New Brunswick) and Mark (from an Island farming family) met at the Nova Scotia Agricultural College (NSAC) in Truro, Nova Scotia. Sally has an English degree from Mount Alison as well as a Plant Science Diploma from NSAC while Mark holds an Agricultural Business Diploma with a minor in Plant Science. In 2003, while still in college, Mark knew he wanted to pursue organic farming. His father had recently retired from farming so Mark began the groundwork for preparing the first 50 acres on his family's farm to be taken out of conventional farming practices. The Bernards officially became certified organic farmers in 2006 and, since 2010, they have 550 organic acres on their farm and also rent additional acreage near Kensington.
Barnyard Organics, the name of the farm, is certified under Atlantic Certified Organics (ACO), a certification body which is accredited with the Canadian federal government. This body enforces the national organic standards such as buffer zone requirements from surrounding farms using conventional farming methods and it provides a list of approved substances that can be used in organic farming. As such, the farm is required to keep records of any products or substances used. In order to remain certified organic, the Bernards are subject to yearly inspections from ACO.
The main focus of the farm is on growing grains that include soybean, barley, wheat, oats, field peas, buckwheat, and clover. More than half of the grains are sold to small-scale organic producers in the Maritimes as a complete mixed animal feed. The remaining half goes to Speerville Flour Mill in New Brunswick and to brokers in Quebec and Ontario. Of note, 35-40 acres of the farm are dedicated to growing wheat specifically for bread.
In addition, the Bernards also have both meat birds and about 150 laying hens.
The meat birds are raised on a portable pasture system which means the shelters they live in are moved each day so the birds always have fresh grass to nibble on.
The laying hens are completely free range so they have unfettered roaming privileges in a field nearest the farm buildings. They then take up winter residence inside a barn.
These are their summer condos!
This is where the flock hangs out when they are not out roaming about the field.
And, this is what is found on the other side of the "condos".
Baby chicks on the farm!
Both meat and laying birds are raised on organic grains grown on the farm so the Bernards know exactly what their fowl are fed and customers can be assured the chickens and eggs are organic and of the highest quality.
About 90% of their meat birds and eggs are direct marketed to customers through CSA (Community Supported Agriculture) shares. This is a program whereby consumers (sometimes referred to as shareholders) invest in their food system by paying, the producer, upfront, for a season of fresh farm products. In exchange, the producer agrees to employ good farming practices to ensure a food supply and commits to sharing the resulting farm produce with those shareholders. This method of farming gives the farmer operating capital to buy supplies and run the farm and, in turn, CSA customers get quality fresh produce – in this case, fresh organic chickens and eggs from the Bernards.
Barnyard Organics currently has 100 CSA members and delivers to customers every two weeks in both Charlottetown and Summerside, alternating week about. Sally packages her fresh chickens and eggs, loads up her trolley fitted with refrigeration, and heads off with her deliveries.
Through the CSA market method, Sally gets to know her customers directly and they get to meet with the producer of their food and have the opportunity to put money directly into the producer's hands with no middle parties. In addition, this customer-producer interaction provides the opportunity for customers to know where their food comes from and learn how it is produced. For the producer, this method allows for face-to-face feedback on products.
The remaining 10% of the farm's products are sold to customers who regularly drop by the farm to pick up their farm-fresh eggs and chickens from the large cooler the family installed on the farm.
Barnyard Organics also has a small provincially-inspected processing plant where they process approximately 60 chickens a week, ready for distribution to their customers.
Farming organically is not without its challenges. For example, the Bernards don't use chemical treatments that conventional farmers do so they can't buy just any kind of fertilizer for their fields. Instead, they use mussel shell waste as well as manure from a nearby dairy farm; however, the manure needs to first be composted before being spread on the fields because it is not organic.
The farm also has its own grain dryer and soybean roaster which are needed because the Bernards can't take their product to any local commercial dryers or roasters because of potential cross-contamination with non-organic grains.
Sally says their greatest satisfaction comes from knowing they have healthy soil on their farm to produce healthy food. The Bernards practice healthy crop rotation and focus on feeding the soil, not taking from it and depleting its goodness.
In particular, Sally derives great satisfaction from seeing their children interact with farm life. Because she home schools the children, they are exposed each and every day to experiential learning on the farm. Even 7-year old Lucy is already involved with organic farming. She takes the livers and hearts of the processed chickens, dehydrates them, and sells them for organic dog food. Lucy is also helping with the chicken business on the farm, too, and happily moves about the field of hens.
Sally jokes that Lucy could give the tour of the farm as well as she can and says their children are so acclimatized to farm life that they don't even know that not everyone knows what life on a farm is like.
This summer Sally started a "Rent-A-Chicken" project that was so popular, she ended up with a waiting list. Essentially, the initiative allowed people to have a couple of chickens in their own backyards from June until October, enjoy the eggs, and then return the chickens to the Bernards in the fall without having to worry about what to do with the birds in the winter. The Bernards delivered, to renters, a small, portable chicken coop, two laying hens, feed and grit, food and water dishes, and a guide for raising hens.
Ideally, each hen could be expected to lay six eggs a week so renters have a dozen fresh organic eggs every week.
In the fall, the Bernards will pick up the birds and take them back to the farm. Cost for the package for the 2015 season was around $300. Feedback has been very positive and, in fact, some folks have already asked that the birds be banded so they can have the same ones back next year!
To find out, from a renter's perspective, what the chicken rental experience was like, I met with Shirley Gallant who had two birds rented from the Bernards this summer.
As soon as she heard of the opportunity, Shirley knew it was for her as she had had a few hens in her backyard some years ago but wintering them was a problem for her. Because the Bernards will collect the two hens in the fall, Shirley has been able to have the hens for the summer and enjoy their eggs with no worries about what to do with the hens over the winter. The two hens happily roam around Shirley's yard during the day and then retire to their coop for the night. For Shirley, the experience has been very positive and she says she would do it again because "the hens are fun to have around" and she has fresh eggs for her organic diet.
Barnyard Organics farm does offer tours but the Bernards appreciate advance reservations as this is a busy working farm and family. For more information on Barnyard Organics, visit their website.
As is my standard practice when I visit a local food producer, I like to create a recipe using and featuring one of their products. I have chosen to use the brown eggs to make devilled eggs. These eggs have gorgeous vibrant yellow yolks so they make colorful devilled eggs.
The Bistro's Devilled Eggs
5 hard-boiled eggs, cooled, peeled, and sliced in half lengthwise
2 – 2½ tbsp mayonnaise
1 tsp sour cream
½ tsp prepared mustard
1½ tsp onion, minced
¾ tbsp sweet pickle relish
2 tsp Parmesan cheese, finely grated
Pinch garlic powder
½ tsp fresh dill, chopped fine
¾ tsp fresh parsley, chopped
Salt and pepper, to taste
Fresh parsley, chopped
Sprigs of fresh herbs (optional)
Gently scoop out egg yolks and place in small bowl. Set egg whites aside.
Mash egg yolks with fork. Add all remaining ingredients. Mix well.
Fill egg white cavities with the devilled egg mixture using either a pastry bag fitted with a large decorative tip (I use a Wilton 6B tip) or, alternatively, use a spoon.
Refrigerate devilled eggs at least 1 hour before serving. At time of serving, sprinkle with chopped fresh parsley and/or paprika. Garnish each with a small sprig of a fresh herb, if desired.
Yield: 10 servings (1 devilled egg each)
Thank you for visiting "


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National Election 2015
In the period before the elections, a broad cohort of civil society organizations organized election observations to monitor the election processes. The Tanzania Women Cross-Party Platform (TWCP) was one such organization, which conducted a thematic observation focused on women's participation in the election and monitored incidents of violence against women as voters, candidates and election officials.
This observation was specifically focused on violence against women in elections, and gathered detailed information about incidents of violence, including the type of violence used, victims and perpetrators. TWCP designed their checklists carefully to reflect what would reasonably be observable during their data collection period.
For several years, women's rights activists, academics and experts in Tanzania have been raising awareness and working to end "sextortion," a term that was coined to describe a certain form of VAW-E that women candidates began to report, in which women who seek election or nomination face the extortion of sexual favors within their own political parties by party leaders. TWCP itself has contributed to raising awareness about the phenomenon in the past. However, although it considered "sextortion" an important form of VAW-E—one that was likely to occur—it was not included on the final observation forms because it would be happening before the period of time during which observers would be collecting data.


or enforcement of the Act. The Bureau's Information Bulletin on the Communication of Confidential Information under the Competition ActFootnote 8 is available on its website, and stakeholders are encouraged to consult that Information Bulletin, or direct specific questions to the officer identified above.
 2. Should the Bureau publish a report in relation to the Study, the analysis therein may be based on confidential or commercially sensitive information. We encourage stakeholders to identify any confidential or commercially sensitive information in their submissions. The Bureau will anonymize the information to the best of its ability.
 3. The Bureau will conduct its analysis in confidence. To help ensure that no confidential or commercially sensitive information is publically disclosed, the Bureau will provide affected stakeholders, as appropriate, with an advance copy of any report forty-eight (48) hours prior to its intended publication for the sole purpose of allowing them to identify whether any confidential or commercially sensitive information has been included.
Date modified:


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Hypertension, unassociated with cardiac or renal disease, so common in other countries, is uncommon in China. Attention has been called to this by Cadbury,1 Cruickshank,2 Kilborn3 and others, who have also shown that the average blood pressure of the Chinese is lower than the average for persons in other countries. In the Hunan-Yale Hospital, of more than 4,000 cases in the medical service department during the past four years, there has been only one diagnosed as essential hypertension, and, including the cases of nephritis and cardiac disease, not more than twenty with blood pressures over 160. During two years, 1918 and 1919, of 4,940 patients in the medical service of the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital,4 Boston, there were 236 cases of essential hypertension and 146 cases of chronic nephritis with hypertension.
It has been my impression and that of others on our staff that less hypertension is seen among the


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Convention to Ratify the 21st Amendment (1933) Administrative Records
Utah State Archives Series 6300
The 72nd Congress of the United States proposed the 21st amendment to the U.S. Constitution, repealing the 18th amendment and once again legalizing the manufacture and use of liquor. On October 10, 1933, Governor Henry H. Blood called for the election of delegates to a constitutional convention for the purpose of ratifying or rejecting the 21st amendment. The election was held on November 7, and the elected delegates met December 5. The amendment became effective with the ratification of 36 states; Utah was the 36th state to ratify. These records document the activities of the convention.
Finding Aids: A series inventory is available.


derive the velocity potential in a particular direction, you are going to get the velocity in that particular direction. So, in the open ocean we have pile for example, now the waves are propagating, you have seen earlier that the velocity potential will be varying along the depth, when the velocity is velocity potential is varying along the depth. So, will be the horizontal velocity as well as we are since we are dealing with the two dimensional also the vertical velocity will be varying.
8 So, we are considering the three dimensional, that is the variation of the potential even in the other direction, the other transverse direction then the velocity in that direction also will be varying along the depth and this this variation is going to cause the force is acting on the structure. So, naturally you have to evaluate the variation of the velocity in order to find out the force variation along the structure, so I hope its clear now, why we are using the velocity potential and why are we deriving the expression for the particle velocity. What we saw earlier is the speed of the wave, that is the speed with which the wave is moving as a whole what is the speed with which the wave is moving, that is celerity, but now what are we looking at, we are looking at the variation of particle velocity, that is again I am please recollect that we are talking about a oscillatory motion. So, when it is oscillating is also will be oscillating and it will be varying along the depth, so we will get back to the expression, this is the expression which we have derived and when you differentiate it with respect to x, this is the expression your you will be having, but we have already derived the dispersion relationship; as stated earlier and we also know, that the a is nothing, but the amplitude which is half of the wave height. (Refer Slide Time: 15:23) So, substituting in this expression all this you can easily derive the expression for the horizontal water particle velocity also refers to as inline velocity, which is going to be a function of wave height. So, it is going to be the function of wave height, wave period,
9 and water depth, I am not using wave length, because once I said wave period it is automatically understood that wave length is included in that, because wave length is nothing but, a function of wave period. So, now how does this velocity vary, this velocity the horizontal water particle velocity will be varying from z equal to 0 up to the seabed and how will the variation will look like, remember all theses expressions are for us sinusoidal curve; when you have sinusoidal wave moving under this we have already seen that the phase variation of velocity potential will be out of phase will be of cosine curve, but the horizontal water particle velocity will be sin curve, that is which you will be in phase with the evaluation, so you have sin theta here. Now, z will be carrying from 0 to minus d up to the seabed, so what does this mean, this means that the velocity particle velocity will be a sine curve variation, with maximum amplitude maximum amplitude when z equals to 0, that is at the sea water level z equal to 0 that is the point where you will have maximum arbitral velocity. And the magnitude of which will keep on decreasing as you go towards it seabed and at each elevation it will be a the phase variation, will be a sine variation the same thing holds good in the case of a vertical velocity. So, now vertical velocity will be out of phase with horizontal velocity and the theta and remember there is a negative also which will come in which will come in to exist, so again the wave phase can be obtained here, the phase variation can be obtained here (Refer slide time: 18:08). So, at each elevation at each elevation you can obtain u max at each that is on the assumption that k x minus sigma T is 90, when k x minus sigma T is 90 that is the theta if you assume it as 90, that sine 90 is equal to 1. So, you will have the maximum value maximum value of u at a crest of the wave, because we are talking about sinusoidal wave and crest is theta equal to 90, because when you have the wave.
10 (Refer Slide Time: 19:02) So, this is the variation of eta, so this will be u at somewhere close to the free surface and then, you see that the wave the magnitude of the horizontal, vertical velocity will be reducing as we go towards the, and each elevation it will be a sin curve. Now I am talking the magnitude if I plot, that how does the variation can look like, the variation will be like this, because this will be the maximum that I am potting only the magnitude here and then this will be at this, so you see that at this variation will be nothing but, a cos hyperbolic variation. So, usually there will be you will be asked how does the particle velocity, vary under the a progressive way, you need to say that it is a hyperbolic variation is that clear; so now, you see that when you have a structure here, the distribution of the velocity is very important in order to evaluate the forces on the structure, so now similarly for w that is the vertical velocity.
11 (Refer Slide Time: 20:57) So, this is what I have explained here, so now, we look at the variation phase variation which has just now stated in this plot, how each one will vary this is the sine curve and you will be 0 at theta equal to 0 and w will be negative look at the expression and then whereas, here this will be maximum crest u, at that particular point u, w will be 0 and etcetera for the other phase. As I said that, what I drew on the board the same thing now, I am representing here for u and w considering the 3 water depth condition which we have already discussed, that is in the case of deep waters, you will have u and w will be almost same will be same then here you see the variation of u this is the maximum velocity horizontal velocity at each of the elevation and similarly the maximum horizontal vertical maximum vertical velocity at each elevation. So, this is actually for shallow water condition that is d by L equal to 0.05, so you see that the horizontal velocity much higher. So, what does this also employ if you have pipeline here, will it experience it any wave force it will be very negligible, but if you have a pipeline in the shallow waters, the magnitude all the force in the horizontal direction is expected to be almost close to that, what can be close to the free surface, so such information is easily obtained from this
12 (Refer Slide Time: 23:11) So now, we proceed further in order to to obtain the acceleration, the wave s waves are an unsteady flow it is an unsteady flow, so the fluid particles the fluid properties vary with respect to time. So, when wave is acting on a pile or a structure, the force a sinusoidal the pile will be due to both particle velocities as well as due to accelerations which we will see later. So, in order to obtained the total force, we need to have the particle acceleration also which are derived and these are simple derivations which you can straight away obtain and these in terms of h and this in terms of amplitude, only thing is the difference is just we have used k also here, substituted is that clear. So, we have covered the velocities and particles velocities and accelerations, if I am floating on water surface and in the deeper water, then I will be moving from my mean positioning in circular orbits as like this and in case, I am in the shallow water conditions then my position from my mean position, my movement will be in elliptical orbits is that clear. So, this is very important, how the motions are water particles take place under different water depth conditions and that is what we are going to examine with this.
13 (Refer Slide Time: 25:14) So, since the expressions for the individual I mean the horizontal and vertical particles, so this can be obtain from integrating the velocities, horizontal and vertical velocity, so you integrate. So, you substitute you look at the earlier expressions and then you land up with an expression for delta x, that is the displacement in the direction of wave propagation that is the direction. Similarly, a vertical displacement in this direction is going to be like this, so from the earlier expression, from this expression, let me call this by an alphabet and this by another alphabet has done here.
14 (Refer Slide Time: 26:20) So, I have delta x as D into cos of k x minus sigma t, where k is where D is as shown here and similarly the vertical displacement is given by this where B is from the earlier a slide you get all this information. Now, I just take through this, take this sine square and k square and when I add them that it is equal to which 1, which all of us know from which we get an expression as you can see, which is, nothing but, the equation of an ellipse. So, this is the equation of an ellipse, showing that the water particles moved in a elliptical orbit, where D is semi major axis horizontal horizontal that is horizontal measure of particle displacement whereas, your B is semi minor axis. So, now as we have examined the shallow, the celerity behavior of celerity in shallow and deep waters, we will go through that process for different water depth conditions.
15 (


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First of all, these phrases sound very strange to me (I should have the context they are used into, in order to have a better understanding of them).
In Spanish such phrases may be an example of that is knoun as "Complemento del Nombre". I'm not sure if such a concept exists in English grammar. In Spanish you must think of that complement as some sort of adjective that specifies the role of the main noun.
Its structure is:
[Main Noun] de [Specifier Noun]
So, with the phrase "Fiestas de árboles", you have:
- Fiestas is the main noun.
- árboles is the specifier.
then you may have these meanings (among others, depending on the context):
- Parties attended by trees (should be better expressed with: Fiestas de los árboles).
- Parties made out of trees (parties whose main element are trees).
On the other hand, "Árboles de fiestas" may have these meanings:
- Abbreviation of Árboles que están de fiestas: trees which are going or attending to a party.
- Trees used within parties (should be also expressed with: Árboles para fiestas).
As you can see, at least the meanings I can think of these phrases are very similar for both cases.


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The NBA connects collaborative communities of Disciples working together on particular health and social service justice issues. Through the NBA Prison and Jail Ministries, we focus on supporting congregations and individuals as they engage in prison- and jail-related ministries, and connecting conversations across Disciples-related ministries in order to strengthen this work.
"It seems that creative, innovative methods for an obviously dysfunctional criminal justice system are now necessary...together, we can explore and exchange new ideas and approaches." --Rev. Dean Bucalos, Mission Specialist, NBA Prison and Jail Ministries
The work of the Prison and Jail Ministries Affinity Group centers around inspiration, advocacy, and education, including:
- Participation in events such as Ecumenical Advocacy Days and the Interfaith Criminal Justice Coalition
- Sponsorship of Resolution GA-1723, "On Becoming Immigrant-Welcoming Congregations," which was adopted as a Sense-of-the-Assembly Resolution at the 2017 General Assembly of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)
- Sponsorship of Resolution GA-1525, "A Call to End Solitary Confinement," which passed as an Item for Reflection and Research at the 2015 General Assembly
- Educational workshops at General Assembly and other regional events
- A Facebook group to help members stay connected and up-to-date on these important issues
Within this network of nearly 400 members, we convened a smaller Prison and Jail Ministries Peer Group of 11 leaders to meet for two years, in-person and virtually, to cultivate encouragement, dialogue, spiritual renewal, and peer-to-peer learning. This group concludes their time together in April 2018, after which a second cohort will be formed, intending to focus their attention on the issue of immigration detention.
Stories and Resources
Learn more and engage with NBA Prison and Jail Ministries through:
- Our blog series, discussing important justice issues and highlighting a variety of ministries that are making an ongoing difference in this work
- Our webinar series, exploring topics such as mass incarceration, mentoring programs for returning citizens, the use of prolonged solitary confinement, juvenile justice and restorative justice, and the connections between mental illness and incarceration, and safe sanctuary protocols, among others.
- NBA's "Called to Care" eNewsletter, a monthly email featuring stories across Disciples health and social service ministries - sign up here!
- Rev. Monica Wedlock Kilpatrick, Director of Connect Ministries
- Rev. Dean Bucalos, Mission Specialist, Prison and Jail Ministries
- Rev. Héctor J. Hernández, Peer Group Convener, Prison and Jail Ministries
Much of this work cannot be accomplished without the collaboration and encouragement of our ministry partners: Reconciliation Ministry, Disciples Center for Public Witness, Disciples Justice Action Network, Disciples Home Missions, UCC Justice and Witness Ministries, and the National Religious Campaign Against Torture. Additionally, we're pleased to also work with ministry partners like Mission Behind Bars and Beyond and UrbanMission through the NBA Incubate Initiative. We look forward to deepening our partnerships and shared work in the coming year!
To learn more and get involved, please contact Rev. Dean Bucalos, Mission Specialist for NBA Prison and Jail Ministries, at _EMAIL_, and/or complete the form below. We look forward to hearing from you!


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Associations between asthma and the nutritional quality of diet remain poorly understood. So they did a study 'Associations between dietary scores with asthma symptoms and asthma control in adults' which was printed in the European Respiratory Journal.
There were 34, 766 participants from the NutriNet-Santé cohort who answered a detailed respiratory questionnaire.
They investigated the connections between overall quality of diet and the asthma symptom score and asthma control. They used three dietary scores:
- the Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010)
- the literature-based adherence score to Mediterranean diet (MEDI-LITE)
- the modified Programme National Nutrition Santé Guideline Score (mPNNS-GS)
"A healthy diet, as assessed by the dietary scores we used, is mostly made up of a high intake of fruit, vegetables and fibre. These have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and are elements in a healthy diet that potentially lower symptoms. In contrast, the least healthy diets include high consumption of meat, salt and sugar, and these are elements with pro-inflammatory capacities that may potentially worsen symptoms of asthma."


The Karma Finance Brand Personality and Message
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We have decided on the all-important core message and brand personality going forward. This will begin our PR efforts and present the face of the Karma Finance project to the general public.
What is Karma Finance?
Karma Finance is DeFi for students. It is a way to invest in our future by staking value in a decentralized platform that students from anywhere can claim. They can then use what they receive to help cover their tuition, textbooks, and other expenses.
Our Brand Personality
Karma Finance is the 'Magician' archetype. Brands in this archetype include Disney, Tesla, MasterCard, Olay, Dyson, Adidas, and Sony. The archetype motto is "Anything can happen". Such brands turn dreams into reality and make the impossible, possible.
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Magician brands spellbind their customers via their dreams and freedom from established rules. Their focus is on magic and responsibilities, appealing to customers to join them on an enchanting journey that will transform their lives. An innate understanding of the universe is expressed in product innovation that can make dreams come true.
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Adding a Little Flow to the Magic
By incorporating the principles found in Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi's book Flow in our development process, we can create an optimal experience for core users by facilitating:
1. Complete concentration on the task at hand;
4. An intrinsically rewarding experience;
5. Effortlessness and ease;
6. A balance between challenge and skills;
7. Merging of actions and awareness, losing self-conscious rumination;
8. A feeling of control over the task.
Karma Finance as a Self-Improvement Ritual
When students use Karma Finance tools, it's also a self-improvement ritual. They can radically change their psychological and emotional confidence by positive beliefs that reinforce their personal power.
First, we manifest the outcome of success by a shift of the mindset, beliefs and values to help them forge their own path to success. Much of this is about changing their concept of money and how it can be used advantageously. By using the Karma DeFi protocol, the student increases their chances of creating new, net-positive opportunities for themselves.
The student is then encouraged to create ritual-like habits that are practised every day without fail, building up their will and discipline. This is where the KarmaFi mobile app comes into play. It will help shift beliefs which will directly impact the student's thinking and decision-making processes throughout the day. They will be rewarded by Karma 'angels' for their more objective decision-making, gradually seeing more positive outcomes as a result.
The Karma Finance protocol and KarmaFi mobile app will be a symbol and representation of personal power. Students will find that the best 'emerging technology' that can be used is their own mind.
That's the magic of Karma Finance.
Official Links
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A decentralized protocol for direct, P2P giving where both the sending and receiving parties increase the value of rewards through various mechanisms.
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Abstract: The primary objective of this paper was to synthesize a porous calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) with enhanced phosphate recovery property using polyethyleneglycol (PEG) as pore-generation agent. The formation mechanism of porous CSH was proposed. PEG molecules were inserted into the void region of oxygen–silicon tetrahedron chains and the layers of CSH. A steric hindrance layer was generated to prevent the aggregation of solid particles. A porous structure was formed due to the residual space caused by the removal of PEG through incineration. This porous CSH exhibited highly enhanced solubility of Ca2+ and OH− due to the decreased particle size, declined crystalline, and increased specific surface area (SBET) and pore volume. Supersaturation was increased in the wastewater with the enhanced solubility, which was beneficial to the formation of hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystallization. Thus, phosphate can be recovered from wastewater by producing HAP using porous CSH as crystal seed. In addition, the regenerated phosphate-containing products (HAP) can be reused to achieve sustainable utilization of phosphate. The present research could provide an effective approach for the synthesis of porous CSH and the enhancement of phosphate recovery properties for environmental applications.
This is an open access article distributed under the
Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution,
and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Export to BibTeX
MDPI and ACS Style
Guan, W.; Ji, F.; Chen, Q.; Yan, P.; Pei, L. Synthesis and Enhanced Phosphate Recovery Property of Porous Calcium Silicate Hydrate Using Polyethyleneglycol as Pore-Generation Agent. Materials 2013, 6, 2846-2861.
Guan W, Ji F, Chen Q, Yan P, Pei L. Synthesis and Enhanced Phosphate Recovery Property of Porous Calcium Silicate Hydrate Using Polyethyleneglycol as Pore-Generation Agent. Materials. 2013; 6(7):2846-2861.
Guan, Wei; Ji, Fangying; Chen, Qingkong; Yan, Peng; Pei, Ling. 2013. "Synthesis and Enhanced Phosphate Recovery Property of Porous Calcium Silicate Hydrate Using Polyethyleneglycol as Pore-Generation Agent." Materials 6, no. 7: 2846-2861.


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Makaryev Fair (Russian: Макарьевская ярмарка) was a fair in Russia held annually every July near Makaryev Monastery on the left bank of the Volga River from the mid-16th century to 1816. Following a massive fire in 1816, it was moved to Nizhny Novgorod, but for some decades thereafter it still was commonly referred to as Makariev Fair. It attracted many foreign merchants from India, Iran, and Central Asia.
This fair was a commerce centre to sell up to half the total production of export goods in Russia. The fair ceased in 1929. A society named Nizhegorodskaya yarmarka (Russian: Нижегородская ярмарка, Nizhny Novgorod fair) was created in 1991 with its headquarters in the former main fair building. However, today it is not actually a fair, but an exhibition center.
- Munro-Butler-Johnstone, Henry Alexander, A trip up the Volga to the fair of Nijni-Novgorod, Oxford: J. Parker and co., 1876.
- Fitzpatrick, Anne Lincoln, The Great Russian Fair: Nizhnii Novgorod, 1840-90, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan, in association with St. Antony's College, Oxford, 1990. ISBN 0-333-42437-9
- Jules Verne, "Michael Strogoff: The Courier of the Czar" — This historical novel contains an interesting description of the fair at Nizhny Novgorod.
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Nizhny Novgorod Fair|


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Known as contour bias (see this page from the book Universal Principles of Design), rounded corners make objects appear less harsh and more friendly. The book cites the seminal work on contour bias as being this article Humans Prefer Curved Visual Objects by Moshe Bar and Maital Net
However, note that rounded corners are not necessarily the right answer - the book also says:
Objects with pointed features, elicited stronger activations in the
region of the brain related to associative processing, meaning that
although angular objects were less liked they elicited a deeper level
of processing than did the contoured objects - they were in effect,
more interesting and more thought-provoking to look at
So perhaps it is a question of whether you wish content to appear more friendly or more noticeable. As the book continues:
Angular objects are more effective at attracting attention and
engaging thought; contoured objects are more effective at making a
positive emotional and aesthetic impression.
I was thinking about what we find in nature - and subconscious interpretation.
We are preconditioned over time to what we find in the natural world. Curves are more likely found in nature, while square corners are pretty unlikely, and often where they might occur (eg due to fractures, breaks or other forces) they get worn down over time to make a natural curve again. Square corners simply do not have a place in natural world.
For this reason, when we try to create a natural looking page we create rounded corners rather than square corners. This helps the border or the frame to sit more comfortably in the content. However, if we use square corners, those sharper points become more noticeable (the subconscious is hardwired to look for danger and threats).
Square corners start to distance themselves from the content. The result being that square frames are interpreted more as a separate window - providing a view through into the content inside. Little surprise then, that art is hung in a square frame - the frame doesn't get seen as part of the picture - which allows you to see the whole picture unhindered. It's about separation of figure and ground.
For this reason, I'd expect the message inside a square button to be more clearly perceived if inside a square cornered frame than a rounded one. Indeed, a serious message or warning does seem to carry more importance and command more respect in a square shape than a friendly rounded one. And no surprise that even more pointy triangles are used for warning signs.
So - it seems to me that both square and rounded have their place depending on context and how the message is intended to be perceived - whether the message is serious and needs to be presented unhindered for maximum impact, or a natural and organic, friendly and inviting environment is more appropriate.


inches, meaning it can be used in either a seated or a standing position.
The platform measures 15.7 inches long by 9.8 inches wide and has a textured, non-slip surface. It's designed with a sturdy steel frame that has rubber padding underneath to prevent it from causing damage to floors.
The Advantages of Owning the Best Foot Rest
For an ideal posture while typing on a computer, users should have their wrists parallel to the floor and their spines straight. Knees should be bent at a 90-degree angle. If, when in this position, the feet aren't firmly planted on the floor, a foot rest can help to prop them up. Foot rests have a number of advantages, including:
 - Increasing blood circulation
 - Encouraging better posture
 - Preventing varicose veins and swelling
 - Preventing muscle atrophy
 - Encouraging active sitting
FAQs About Foot Rests
If you still have questions about how to choose the best foot rest, the answers to the following frequently asked questions may help.
Q. What is an ergonomic foot rest?
An ergonomic foot rest improves posture by allowing you to sit with your feet firmly planted with your knees at a 90-degree angle.
Q. How do I choose a foot rest?
Look for an adjustable foot rest made from durable materials that have non-slip padding on the bottom.
Q. How do you use a foot rest?
A foot rest is simply placed under your desk, allowing you to rest your feet on its surface. There's no need to remain in the same position all day long. Feel free to shift and readjust to whatever position feels comfortable.


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Presenting a clear picture for Hoya Krimson Queen vs Princess comparison as they have a lot of similarities and differences from each other. The difference lies in the color of leaves or the variegation of leaves.
Hoya Krimson Queen leaves have a center which is of green color with white colored edges whereas the princess has leaves with a center of creamish or white color with green colored margins. Though there is little difference between the plants, the Hoya Krimson Queen shows faded pink colored flowers and has a brown colored stem, while the krimson princess has dark pink colored flowers with a pink colored stem that looks extraordinary.
These plants are popular among houseplants due to their beauty and elegance they bring indoors, placed on a wooden table. These plants are known for their super glossy and waxy leaves. They are so easy to grow that many beginners prefer to start the game with these plants. Just not that they look super attractive in the hanging pots so they are a great alternative to vines.
Hoya Krimson Queen vs Princess
In this article, we will let you know all the differences between these two plants and the related information that you need to know. So buckle up! And let's get started!
What is Hoya Krimson Queen?
Originally belonging to Asia and Australia, the Hoya Krimson Queen plans have the scientific name Hoya Carnosa Rubra that are popular for the lanceolate leaves that have no variegations and the reddish pink colored flowers that are ultra pretty.
What is Hoya Krimson Princess?
The Hoya Krimson Princess is a lot similar to queens as they also belong to the same culture that is hoya carnosa and are native to Asia and Australia. Their scientific name is Hoya carnosa albomarginata. The flowers of these plants have a pinkish appearance and look really unique. The leaves of these plants mostly have variegated forms of leaves.
As indicated before both of these plants belong to the same cultivar Hoya carnosa which is why they look related to hoya in different ways.
It is obvious that they belong to the same family and the family is Apocynaceae, which mostly has flowers star-shaped or star-shaped.
In Leaf Color, Size, and Texture
The leaves of Hoya Krimson Queen are larger than the princess. Even the krimson princess has thicker and more fleshy leaves which is not the case with the queen.
Also, the Hoya Krimson Queen and Princess leaves appear glossy due to the waxy coating on the leaves surface. The texture is present more on the leaves of the queen than on the princess.
The leaves of krimson queen have a white margin and the green color is deep dark with brown stems whereas the krimson princess plants have green borderlines with a creamy white center. The leaves have variegation that could be pink, white, or green in color.
The flowers of Hoya Krimson Queen are complete of pink color whereas the flowers of Hoya Krimson Princess have reddish pink colored flowers. Though both of the flowers are very pretty. The krimson princess flowers have a reddish center that looks really attractive and fabulous. Both of the plants will bloom in outdoor conditions instead of indoor conditions.
The Hoya Krimson Princess plants don't get much tall when they are indoors, reaching 4 ft in length only whereas when they are outside or in the native habitat they can get to the height of 16-18 feet. Anyhow these are still shorter than the Hoya Krimson Queen plants. The Krimson Queen plants reach 7 feet height indoors whereas 25 feet tall when outdoors.
The Krimson Queen plants grow with more speed than the Hoya Krimson Princess plants due to the low amount of photosynthesis doing pigment called chlorophyll in Krimson Princess plants.
To know more about the plant world, you may also read related articles, Golden Pothos vs Hawaiian Pothos (Actual Differences and Similarities)
The water needed depends on the thickness of the leaves. So the Krimson Queen with thin leaves demands water more frequently than the Krimson Princess plants that have thick leaves. You can water the Krimson Queen plant two times a week which is once a week for the princess plant.
The Krimson Princess plant needs more sunlight than the Krimson Queen. By this, we mean that the plant would do great if it gets morning direct sunlight. The Krimson Queen needs indirect and bright sunlight. These both are tropical plants but still, the sunlight requirement varies a little in both cases.
Using an organic fertilizer or compost is beneficial for the Krimson Queen plants. The compost would also be great for adding nutrients to the Krimson Queen but the Krimson Princess needs fertilizer that is diluted into half and then used. Both of these legendary plants don't need much fertilizer so make sure not to overdo it.
Which is more pricey: Krimson Queen or Krimson Princess?
The Krimson Queen lately is getting more pricey than the Krimson Princess. Though there's not a big difference between their prices. The average price of Krimson Queen plants is in the range of $30 to $50 whereas the price of Krimson Princess is in the range of $18 to $20, this price is based on the plant size. Though the price may vary according to the location.
Similarities between Hoya Krimson Queen and Krimson Princess?
- Have similar flowering seasons
- Both of the plants don't need much pruning
- Both Krimson Queen and Krimson Princess like humidity to be in the level of 70-80%
- The Krimson Queen and Princess both being tropical plants love humidity and also high temperatures that are in the range of 65-95 degrees Fahrenheit
- The Krimson Queen and Krimson Princess plant-like soil is well draining and has good aeration. Though these plants in the outdoor conditions hang on the other plants with the roots in the air. The potting mix you use indoors for these plants can be improved by adding peat moss, bark, and perlite.
- Both of these plants don't like repotting that much. They can still be repotted every 3-4 years into a large pot and well-draining soil.
Is Hoya Krimson Queen the same as Tricolor?
Hoya Krimson Queen has another name as tricolor as they are derived from the cultivar Hoya carnosa known for the variegated leaves and the colors on the leaves like pink, green, and creamy white making them really attractive.
Does the Hoya Krimson Princess turn pink?
There are chances that your Krimson Princess can change color which depends on the amount of sunlight they get in a day. If the pink leaves are showing on the plant there is nothing to worry about as the plant is getting the optimum amount of sunlight.
How do you make Hoya Krimson Queen pink?
By giving more or extended time of sunlight exposure the leaves of Krimson Queen can be turned pink. The light can be direct but not for too long a time, it's like you give them indirect sunlight for most ™ and for an hour provide the plant direct sunlight.
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For networks with packet forwarding, distributed control to enforce cooperation for node packet forwarding probabilities is essential to maintain the connectivity. In this paper, we propose a novel self-learning repeated game framework to optimize packet forwarding probabilities of distributed users. The framework has two major steps: first, an adaptive repeated game scheme ensures the cooperation among users for the current cooperative packet forwarding probabilities; second, a self-learning scheme tries to find better cooperation probabilities. Some special cases are analyzed to evaluate the proposed framework. From the simulation results, the proposed framework demonstrates the near optimal solutions in both symmetrical and asymmetrical networks.


Quick Answer: How Many Amps Does A Block Heater Draw?
How many amps does a 7.3 block heater use?
Fran if you plug it into a gfci house receptacle does it kick the gfi? If it does then its time for a new cord and/or heater. If it doesn't then obviously it doesn't play nice with your generator. It draws around 9 amps or so unless its shorted somewhere.
Can you plug two block heaters into outlet?
Yes, the block heater must be less than 1800W in order to be plugged into a conventional 15A circuit. However, you can't plug ten of them in on the same circuit.
How many amps does a 1000 watt block heater draw?
A 1000 watt heater at 120 volts ac would draw about 9 amps.
How many watts is a block heater?
How Many Watts Does a Block Heater Use? A 110-volt block heater typically uses between 400 watts and 1500 watts of power. Most block heaters that are larger than 1800 watts require 220-volt wiring.
You might be interested: Often asked: What Does Ionizer Do On A Heater?
How many amps does a diesel truck block heater draw?
The one kilowatt block heater draws about 10 amps.
How many amps does a semi starter draw?
A good starter will normally draw 60 to 150 amps with no load on it, and up to 250 amps under load (while cranking the engine). The no-load amp draw will vary depending on the type of starter. If the amp draw is too high, the starter needs to be replaced.
Do you need a special extension cord for block heater?
Experts say you should use a three-wire, three-pronged extension cord for your block heater. Make sure it has a good rating for outdoor winter use. Check your block heater and extension cords regularly. Make sure the cords are not frayed, cracked or there's no corrosion from salt on the block heater plug.
Can I use a block heater cord as an extension cord?
This can cause damage to the extension cord, block heater cord and plug. Officials recommend using a three-wire, three-pronged extension cord that is rated for the outdoors to plug in block heaters.
How many amps does a Duramax block heater use?
Pulls 15 AMPs at 1800 Watts so you need at least a 20 AMP breaker.
How much power does a Cummins block heater use?
The block heater pulls around 13 amps. I dought if that jump start pack would last for very long. you also need to see what the A/C output is before you buy.
Does a block heater run continuously?
It runs continuously. But if you're worried about overheating the truck by leaving it on too long, don't. I routinely leave mine plugged in for days on end with no ill effects (other than the electric bill).
You might be interested: Often asked: How To Change Out A Hot Water Heater?
How many watts is a f150 block heater?
Depending on the type of factory installed equipment, your engine block heater system may consume anywhere between 400 watts or 1000 watts of power per hour. Your factory installed block heater system does not have a thermostat; however, maximum temperature is attained after approximately three hours of operation.
Is it bad to leave a block heater plugged in overnight?
One thing that most can agree on is that the maximum amount of time you should leave the engine block heater plugged in for is four hours. Any more and you're just wasting electricity. You should also plan for plugging your vehicle in for at least two hours to ensure it will start.
Are block heaters expensive?
Block heaters can rang in cost between around $40.00 to around $120.00. With the typical and most popular ones in use today, seem to be right around $70.00!
How much does it cost to run a block heater?
Assuming your electrical cost is 15 cents per KWH running this 500W thing overnight for 12 hours will cost you 6 kWh of energy or 90 cents. It will cost more if you have a higher wattage heater and if you run it more than 12 hours.
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Administration Guide
Preparing a Localization Dictionary
To prepare a localization dictionary for another language, use one of existing Self Service Portal localization dictionaries as a template. Localization dictionaries are stored in the Alloy Navigator installation folder, typically at the following path:
C:\Program Files\Alloy Software\Alloy Navigator 2022\
System\WebAppsTemplates\SSP\localization
If you have an existing Self Service Portal instance, you can also find localization dictionaries in the localization folder under the folder where your SSP files are stored:
[PhysicalPathToSSP]\localization
NOTE: For instruction on viewing the physical path of Self Service Portal installation folder, see Physical Path to Self Service Portal Files.
The localization dictionary is a JSON file which include local attributes and localization dictionary entries.
Formats
Local attributes are the values of the Formats key which is structured as follows:
{
 "Formats": {
 "Id": "es-ES",
 "Description": "Spanish - Spain, International Sort",
 "NumberGroupSeparator": ".",
 "NumberDecimalSeparator": ",",
 "NumberGroupSeparatorDisplay": ".",
 "NumberDecimalSeparatorDisplay": ",",
 "ShortDatePattern": "d/m/Y",
 "ShortDatePatternDisplay": "dd/MM/yyyy",
 "ShortTimePattern": "G:i:s",
 "ShortTimePatternDisplay": "H:mm:ss",
 "DurationFormat": "%HH% h %NN% min",
 "DurationFormatLessHour": "%N% min"
 },
The Formats key takes its values from the nested object consisting of key-vlaue pairs defining local attributes.
NOTE:The language-region pair code in the id key must be a valid Windows Language Code Identifier (LCID). You can find the list of available language codes at _URL_
Terms
Localization dictionary entries are the values of the Terms key which is structured as follows:
 "Terms": [
 {
 "key": "ERROR.MSG_PASSWORD_VALIDATION_FAILED_1",
 "text": ""
 },
 //...
 {
 "key": "TICKETS.FORMS.CUSTOM_684.FORM.CAPTION",
 "text": "Agregar una nota"
 },
 //...
 {
 "key": "ACCOUNT.MSG_LOGIN_EXISTS",
 "text": "Ya existe un usuario con este nombre."
 }
 ]
}
The Terms key takes its values from the nested array consisting of a number of objects. Each object defines a localization dictionary entry and structured as follows:
 {
 "key": "INTERFACE_ELEMENT",
 "text": "LOCALIZED_INTERFACE_ELEMENT"
 },
Where
 - key value defines a interface element (field, message, caption, text, etc.) that you want to localize.
 - text value defines a localized version for the interface element.
For example, the object below defines the localized title of the Announcements page in the SSP:
 {
 "key": "ANNOUNCEMENTS.PAGE_TITLE",
 "text": "Anuncios"
 },
NOTE: The keys for the fields that have the same localized version for all forms begin with "FIELDS.COMMON">.
The name of the localization dictionary file for the new language must be in the following format:
<LCID>.json
Example: tr-TR.json


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Peer and community support complement and enhance healthcare services by providing the range of non-clinical support people need to manage their health and live well.
Self-management training supports people to develop the knowledge, skills and confidence to manage their health, but research has shown that people's skills and confidence to self-manage decline over time if they do not have on-going support. In addition, people with long term conditions often experience other challenges, such as social isolation, that have an impact on their health and their ability to self-manage. There is an increasing body of evidence that support from peers and groups within people's local communities (sometimes called 'More than Medicine') can build people's confidence and resilience in a range of different areas of their life, which all link to their overall health and wellbeing.
What are peer and community support?
Peer support is the help and support that people with lived experience give to each other. A key element of peer support is that it is reciprocal, enabling people to benefit from both giving and receiving support. Community support, which can include peer support, recognises that people live with their health conditions within a community or social network, and that the skills, knowledge, experience and support (sometimes called social capital) available to them within that community can have a significant impact on how an individual manages their health condition(s).
The key types of support people benefit from are:
- Encouraging and enabling self-management behaviours
- Providing social and emotional support
- Supporting people to address wider social and lifestyle aspects of their health
What are the benefits of peer and community support?
The benefits can be very broad, beyond the impact on an individual's long term health condition, and include:
- Helping people maintain the knowledge, confidence and skills to self-management, by providing goal setting and follow-up
- Addressing wider issues that impact on people's health and well-being, such as providing social opportunities that reduce isolation
- Increased levels of social support—especially condition-specific support
- Positive impact on the wellbeing of people with long-term health conditions who are providing the peer support and volunteering
- Challenging stigma and discrimination within a community.
The way peer and community support are provided can also be beneficial. Unlike health services, peer and community support can often be available to people 'on demand' when they need it, and is usually 'open access' so people can choose to access support that meets their own needs and preferences.
Putting in place effective peer and community support
To get the best out of peer and community support there needs to be a wide and appropriate range of support available, that meets the different needs and preferences of local people. This means not only creating a landscape of different kinds of support locally, but ensuring that it is integrated into the healthcare system and people are systematically linked into it.


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Develop hands up fast hands and excellent passing accuracy.
- Teaches hands up when passing and catching to develop fast ball movement across your body.
- The adjustable webbing and padded wrist straps restrict hands from dropping down when catching and passing.
- Dropping hands very low after catching the ball slows ball movement and reduces passing accuracy.
- Suits all levels but particularly good for juniors to develop good habits.
- Fully adjustable to suit all ages and sizes.
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Process design artifacts have been increasingly used to guide the modeling of business processes. To support users in designing and understanding process models, different process artifacts have been combined in several ways leading to the emergence of the so-called "hybrid process artifacts". While many hybrid artifacts have been proposed in the literature, little is known about how they can actually support users in practice. To address this gap, this work investigates the way users engage with hybrid process artifacts during comprehension tasks. In particular, we focus on a hybrid representation of DCR Graphs (DCR-HR) combining a process model, textual annotations and an interactive simulation. Following a qualitative approach, we conduct a multi-granular analysis exploiting process mining, eye-tracking techniques, and verbal data analysis to scrutinize the reading patterns and the strategies adopted by users when being confronted with DCR-HR. The findings of the coarse-grained analysis provide important insights about the behavior of domain experts and IT specialists and show how user's background and task type change the use of hybrid process artifacts. As for the fine-grained analysis, user's behavior was classified into goal-directed and exploratory and different strategies of using the interactive simulation were identified. In addition, a progressive switch from an exploratory behavior to a goal-directed behavior was observed. These insights pave the way for an improved development of hybrid process artifacts and delineate several directions for future work.
In Software & Systems Modeling.


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EPK has a much higher fired shrinkage. This is counter intuitive because Grolleg is known to produce more vitrified porcelains. It also appears whiter yet in a porcelain body the Grolleg will produce a much whiter fired product. This means that to compare porcelains we need to see them "playing on the team", in a recipe working with other materials, to see their the properties they really contribute.
Pages that reference this post in the Digitalfire Reference Database:
This post is one of thousands found in the Digitalfire Reference Database. Most are part of a timeline maintained by Tony Hansen. You can search that timeline on the home page of digitalfire.com.


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The ability to adapt is critical to survival and varies between individuals. Adaptation of one motor system may be related to the ability to adapt another. This study sought to determine whether phoria adaptation was correlated with the ability to modify the dynamics of disparity vergence. Eye movements from ten subjects were recorded during dynamic disparity vergence modification and phoria adaptation experiments. Two different convergent stimuli were presented during the dynamic vergence modification experiment: a test stimulus (4° step) and a conditioning stimulus (4° double step). Dynamic disparity vergence responses were quantified by measuring the peak velocity (°/s). Phoria adaptation experiments measured the changes in phoria over a 5-min period of sustained fixation. The maximum velocity of phoria adaptation was determined from an exponential fit of the phoria data points. Phoria and dynamic disparity vergence peak velocity were both significantly modified (P < 0.001). The maximum velocity of phoria adaptation was significantly correlated with the changes in convergence peak velocity (r > 0.89; P < 0.001). There was a strong correlation between the ability to adaptively adjust two different oculomotor parameters: a tonic and dynamic component. Future studies should investigate additional interactions between these parameters, and the ability to adaptively change other oculomotor systems such as the saccadic or smooth pursuit system. Understanding the ability to modify phoria, dynamic disparity vergence, and other oculomotor parameters can yield insights into the plasticity of short-term adaptation mechanisms.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Oculomotor adaptation
- Phoria adaptation
- Vergence adaptation


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Tapiwa Mufukwa | 7 months ago | local
Zimbabwe Commercial Farmers' Union (ZFCU) has urged farmers to be cautious and work
with authorities to avoid losses after harvesting so that they can benefit from the agricultural
sector while also maintaining the country's food reserves.
In an interview with Capitalk 100.4 FM, president of the Zimbabwe Commercial Farmers'
Union Dr. Shadreck Makombe said farmers should acquire driers to preserve their grain and
store it properly and that they should use hybrid seeds that have been tried and tested by
professionals and are not easily affected in the field.
Dr. Makombe said farmers should also adopt traditional methods to preserve produce in order
to reduce costs.
Clever Mandizvidza, Chief Executive Officer of the Federation of Young Farmers Club of
Zimbabwe said the agricultural value chain is critical and should be set up in such a way that
yields are protected.
He believes that storage facilities should be expanded so that farmers may store more grain,
which will last longer and contribute to the country's food reserve.
He also said farmers lack knowledge of storage procedures and must be taught enough to be
able to preserve their agricultural produce.
Senior technical agronomist at Agricura, Onias Mlambo, said farmers should choose seeds that
stays longer after harvesting to avoid losses, and that they should properly prepare their
storage facilities and granaries.
He added that farmers should conduct post-harvesting processing and value addition on their
products because it is more profitable than selling raw produce.
Mlambo urged farmers to band together and contact various processors around the country so
that their agricultural products may be given more value and that they can make more money
from their farming operations.
Due to poor rains during the previous agricultural season, the agricultural sector's ability to
work at its best was affected, as farmers' harvests are expected to be low despite the rising
national demand. As a result, farmers must begin harvesting and minimizing crop storage
losses. According to the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), food production would
need to grow by 70% to feed the world's growing population, which is anticipated to reach 9
billion by 2050.