text:
New Graduates Improving Healthcare
The Agency for Clinical Innovation (ACI) is continuing to lead the way in developing the capability of frontline staff in local health facilities, with 28 healthcare staff today graduating from the ACI Centre for Healthcare Redesign (CHR) School with a Diploma of Project Management and a Diploma of Government.
The CHR School offers three Diploma Programs a year for managers and clinicians working in the NSW health system. The 20 week school teaches frontline staff how to identify the root causes of issues impacting on patient's experience of care and then develop and implement lasting innovative changes to improve the way health care is delivered and experienced.
Frontline healthcare staff that participate in the program develop skills in project management, the application of innovative redesign methodology and change management while working on a real project of high priority in their own workplace. Participants are offered the latest knowledge and training in project management, clinical redesign and change management for healthcare professionals and managers using a variety of teaching methods including workplace coaching.
During the program healthcare staff are also encouraged to lead a real project in their workplace and to talk with patients and staff to identify improvements. Interviewing and working in partnership with patients to improve care is a strong focus of the course. These workplace projects are the focus of Graduation Days and provide participants, redesign leads and Local Health District sponsors with an opportunity to show the results of their projects and hear about the success of fellow CHR school graduates.
To get involved in the conversation on Twitter follow @NSWACI and #CHRschool.
For more information on the Diploma Program visit the Centre for Healthcare Redesign.
Download the media release.
Published: 8 April 2014
+61 2 9464 4666


Why I wrote historical play 'Afonja' - Playwright, Sakky Jojo
Saka Aliyu PhD, (Sakky Jojo), published his first play Afonja in the year 2018. He had published a Prose earlier (Altine) in 2003 and he is into Poetry as well. We took him up with questions relating to his current work –Afonja- a historical play. First his biography, his goal of writing, the controversy surrounding the dramatic narrative of the play, the canons and the unique approach to them and the attention Afonja received in terms of performance and its use as a pedagogical drama text in tertiary institutions. Enjoy the interview:
UJ: Can we know who the playwright is?
SJ: My name is Saka Aliyu, as I like to be simply referred to. Sakky Jojo is the pen name I have been using since my undergraduate days at Usman Dan Fodiyo University, Sokoto. I grew up in Ilorin where I was born and thereafter in Sokoto. I trained as a historian, with a terminal degree from Leiden University. I worked briefly in Benin, then Kaduna before joining Bayero University in 2008 as a lecturer.
UJ: What is the goal of writing Afonja?
SJ: There were some goals of writing that play. One, it is history of my hometown and which I feel very much connected to. The story is a good recipe for playwriting, particularly the tragedy that it is. Secondly, I felt that being a controversial story, I need to bring out the story in proper perspective. I feel by doing so, I am doing some peace building. For when a story is given in its proper perspective, it will help dissipate controversies for those who care to know the truth. Two, the history of Ilorin with the rest of the Yoruba speaking nation can be controversial because of the contexts in which they occurred and interests and the misunderstanding that comes out of that. Personally I don't like controversies, for in the end it reeks of ignorance and half-truths. But then controversies are part of the gears that moves the world.
Dr. Saka Aliyu
UJ: Your canons of the play in particular, use of 'context' instead of 'Act' is unique, can you share light on this?
SJ: Variety, they say, is the spice of life. I was being innovative stylistically there. I was used to the 'acts' and 'scenes' myself. Then I noticed some playwrights using 'movements' and I was intrigued. I thought what a way not be cliché. So when I started writing Afonja, in the final round, I decided why not use something different and I thought 'context' is most apt. All scenes are contexts. It is just style and my little contribution to the lexicon of drama.
UJ: Some people believe that the Afonja story is controversial, what can you say to that?
SJ: It is indeed and one of the aims of writing the play is to chip at the edges of these controversies through story telling in historical perspectives. As someone whose history and identity is connected to that story, I felt the need to put the story in their proper contexts for clearer understanding. What you read in the media are often 'history in a hurry.' These are often sensationalized. The stories are deeper and more connected and complicated than can be easily grasped on the surface. At the heart of this controversy is Yoruba irredenta that from time to time tugs at the cloak of Ilorin as a politico-cultural entity. For me, as I said earlier, this play is also a peace building effort, hoping it will bring more understanding and less controversy.
UJ: How do you feel as a historian reconstructing history through literature?
SJ: It is a double honour for me. I found myself connected to two things, history and literature, both using story-telling as means of expression and finding expression in each other. While history attempts to reconstruct the past, especially the past of man as far as memory in its various forms can afford, literature tries to reflect the life of man as much as its mirrors can reflect. Unlike history, literature has leeways. It can twist in ways history cannot do. Literature can afford to be magical. Literature can augment history, which is what I have done in the play.
UJ: In your attempt at writing drama, why "historical Play" is it that you feel more comfortable as a historian?
SJ: Apart from the patriotic instinct, it just happened to be the first play that came to my mind. I think I am comfortable with other forms of drama. I have written satires, comedies and adaptations too. Afonja just happened to be my first full length play. I don't know if I will do other historical plays but for now, I think I have made my contribution in this area.
UJ: Afonja has received attention and has been performed in places as far as Ilorin, Ibadan, Gusau, Kano and several other places. Why the popularity?
SJ: I think the play was particularly propitious. It has done well beyond my expectation given that I did very little in terms of publicity. It was first staged in Ibadan by students of God's Blessing Comprehensive High School, Yemetu, whose teacher bought a copy. They were most splendid and ambitious. Unfortunately I could not attend the performance due to my busy schedule. A friend represented me and he was most impressed as well. I feel I owe the school a great deal for the honour done to me. I had sent some copies to Ibadan for sale and it was from those copies that one was bought and used to stage the play.
Then students of the Department of Performing Arts, University of Ilorin, also staged it and it was used in one of their courses. That, I owe to Professor Rasheed Adeoye who happened to be my mentor and technical guide in my first attempt at playwriting. It was studied at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria and Federal College of Education, Zaria and in my own university, Bayero University, Kano, where we now have a growing Theatre and Performing Arts Department as well as in the Department of English and Literary Studies. It is out of print now and I hope to reprint as soon as I can afford to.
My only regret is that it has not been critically engaged as much I would love to see. Perhaps, that is because I have not written the play as a controversy to favor or discredit one side against the other. Humans generally love controversy and one of my aims is to show that the controversies around the subject matter are largely out of context. With all modesty, you will need to be widely read to critically engage with the play. What I brought to bear on the play is the whole of my lived experience. It had taken me 18 years to finally finish the play and get it published and it was fifteen years since I published any work.
UJ: Can we say Afonja is an instance of Art in the service of history?
SJ: Yes, very much so and vice versa!
UJ: Is Afonja as reflected in your book a tragic hero and what manner of tragedy is explored in the play?
SJ: Afonja is indeed a tragic hero, in the Hegelian sense as I have written in the preface.
UJ: You talk of 'poetic license' in the preface to the play Afonja which you noted has been given wings throughout the play can you expatiate that further for the readers to get a clear picture.
SJ: Poetic license is the stuff of literature. It is the opportunity you have to spice up a story, to exaggerate or underplay, twist or even change storyline even for a historical story. It is the embellishments that make any story interesting. It is like the embroidery of literature that adds colour and beauty to the basic elements in the story. Since even for the historical events being reconstructed we do not have the minute details, we use imagination; say to put words, actions and even attires on the characters in believable ways. You will see stories within story, proverbs, and cultural norms in the play. I particularly used parameology (proverbs), made allusions to Yoruba medicinal practice, coded communications, incantatory and initiatic practice, Islamic jurisprudence and the multiculturalism that has been part of the Ilorin milieu since the era in which the play was set. You will see the play spiced up with four languages apart from English in which it is written.
UJ: What was it like writing the play?
SJ: I enjoyed writing the play, though it had taken me longer than it should. But that has its blessings. In the years it was in limbo I had gotten two additional degrees and thus sharpened my intellect and worldview. I started in 2001, then an unemployed graduate. Then I had to get my masters, did some social work, got employed as civil servant, then as an academic and then getting a terminal degree. Finally I decided I just have to break the jinx of not having a work published in almost two decades. That was the push that did it. I thought it a shame being called a writer and not having a major work out in one and half decade. We've got only so much time in this world.
UJ: How do you combine your writing with being an academic?
SJ: When I sent a copy to a friend at Oxford, who is also an academic, she had


what religion is morocco
what religion is morocco
What religion is most common in Morocco?
The main religion in Morocco is Islam, which is the state religion, although freedom of religious belief is also guaranteed to all. Officially, 99% of the population are Muslims, and virtually all of those are Sunni.
Is Christianity legal in Morocco?
Is Morocco a Islamic nation?
Does Morocco have freedom of religion?
The constitution of Morocco establishes that Islam is the state religion of Morocco, and also grants freedom of thought, expression, assembly, and the right for everyone to "conduct their religious affairs".
What is the dominating religion in the world?
What is Moroccan race?
What do Moroccans speak?
Do they speak English in Morocco?
You might be interested: what is the national language of morocco
Did Morocco colonize Spain?
The Spanish protectorate in Morocco was established on 27 November 1912 by a treaty between France and Spain that converted the Spanish sphere of influence in Morocco into a formal protectorate. Spanish protectorate in Morocco.
Spanish Protectorate in Morocco Protectorado español en Marruecos الحماية الإسبانية على المغرب
Capital Tetuán
How did Islam come to Morocco?
Islam was first brought to Morocco in 680 by an Arab invasion under the Uqba ibn Nafi, who was a general serving under the Umayyads of Damascus. In 788, The Zaydi Shia Idrisids ruled large parts of Morocco. After several Berbers formed more powerful Islamic dynasties that reigned over the country.
When did the French occupy Morocco?
March 30, 1912
Where does the name Morocco come from?
The English name Morocco is an anglicisation of the Spanish "Marruecos", from which also derives the Tuscan "Morrocco", the origin of the Italian "Marocco".
Tom Smith
leave a comment
Create Account
Log In Your Account


text:
Andriesvale, Northern Cape, South Africa. San patriarch living in Green Kalahari whose DNA was tested as part of the Genographic Project. The San Bushmen of Southern Africa are universally accepted as the world's oldest genetically distinct population of humans, whose DNA markers connect them to Scientific Eve. The Genographic Project used DNA from the San to help pinpoint some of humanity's earliest movements in Africa. This image is from The Human Family Tree.
Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming: A little pond set against the backdrop of the Grand Teton Mountains may not look like much, but it is the hub of action. Pictured here, a Heron with a sucker. This image is from Dam Beavers.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


A process undertaken by a company to reduce the amount of total debt
What is Deleveraging?
Deleveraging can be viewed from a microeconomic and macroeconomic level. On the microeconomic level, deleveraging is a process undertaken by a company to reduce the amount of total debt. It is an extreme measure carried out by an entity to pay off its obligations and existing debt on its balance sheet.
If the company cannot deleverage in time, it may face the risk of defaulting on their payments or going into bankruptcy.
A macroeconomic level deleveraging, or deleveraging of an economy, is when multiple industries reduce their debt amount. It is measured as a reduction in total debt to a country's GDP in the national account.
Understanding Deleveraging
Debt is an important part of a company, as it can be used to fund its operations and investing activities. Using debt, a company can pay its bills and purchase assets without issuing shares and diluting shareholders' earnings.
Apart from this, debt is raised to fund the initial growth of a company, but taking on large amounts of debt will increase the riskiness of the company. If the growth of the company does not go according to plan due to poor management or an economic downturn, the debt amount will be a burden on the company.
This is when a company will have to undertake deleveraging to reduce the impact of market volatility on the company's balance sheet. A company can use the following techniques to deleverage:
 - A company can deleverage by selling assets, bonds, and a part of the business at a discount.
 - It can refinance existing debt in order to reduce monthly payments and interest rates.
 - It can deleverage by using excess cash from operational activities.
 - A public company can deleverage by issuing more share on the stock market.
Financial ratios, such as return on assets, debt-to-equity, and return on equity, can be used to understand the impact of deleveraging.
Return on Assets (ROA) = Net Income / Average Assets
Debt-to-Equity Ratio = Total Debt / Total Equity
Return on Equity (ROE) = Net Income / Total Equity
Company A buys an asset worth $10 million using equity worth $3 million and debt worth $7 million. During the year, the net income is $600,000.
 - ROA: 600,000/10,000,000 = 6%
 - Debt-to-equity: 7,000,000/3,000,000 = 2.3x
 - ROE: 600,000/3,000,000 = 20%
Assume that at the end of the year, Company A decided to pay $5,000,000 of liabilities using $5,000,000 of assets. Now, the company holds $2,000,000 of debt and $5,000,000 of assets.
 - ROA: 600,000/5,000,000 = 12%
 - Debt-to-equity: 2,000,000/3,000,000 = 0.6x
 - ROE: 600,000/3,000,000 = 20%
Due to deleveraging in scenario 2, the company reports more attractive ratios; therefore, investors and lenders will prefer scenario 2 compared to scenario 1.
Advantages of Deleveraging
The company will get rid of toxic debt, a type of debt where the company cannot pay back the interest and principal amount.
A reduction in toxic debt will reduce the number of liabilities on the balance sheet and improve financial ratios, which will be looked at favorably by lenders and investors.
Disadvantages of Deleveraging
Deleveraging is a bad sign for the investors because it means a company is not able to achieve a level of growth required to pay off its debt. Hence, to reduce the amount of debt, a company may need to decrease the number of employees and undertake a fire sale of its assets. Such actions will result in a reduced share price for the company.
Impact of Deleveraging on the Economy
Deleveraging across multiple industries can slow economic growth, resulting in a sudden reduction in the availability of loans and increased constraints to obtain business loans.
It is because banks prefer lending to less risky companies, as the process of deleveraging occurs after a major financial crisis. It results in small and medium-sized companies being denied access to bank loans, which is followed by a collapse of the companies, as they will not be able to secure the cash to fund operational activities.
Furthermore, distressed firms must sell their assets to repay debt, causing the prices of assets to collapse. The pressure of deflation increases the burden of debt resulting in halting investments and decreasing the number of employees to reduce company-wide expenditure.
During the first few years of deleveraging, the consumption and GDP of an economy decline, which in turn creates a downward spiral. The government will need to step in to reduce the negative impact caused by the downturn.
Additional Resources
 - Debt Consolidation
 - Balance Sheet
 - Financial Ratios
 - Bankruptcy


The Community for Technology Leaders
RSS Icon
Subscribe
Issue No.11 - Nov. (1986 vol.12)
pp: _PHONE_
Krithivasan Ramamritham , Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
ABSTRACT
An interprocess communication facility provided by the kernel of the Gutenberg experimental operating system is presented. In Gutenberg all interprocess communication is via channels (ports) which are typed by the service which can be requested on them. Ports are created by reference to their service without using the identifier of the process providing the service, a technique we refer to as functional addressing. By using functional addressing, interprocess transfer of port use privileges, and the new concept of cooperation class introduced in this paper, arbitrary process interconnection topologies can be achieved without any explicit use of process identifiers by processes. We present examples of object sharing with abstract data type managers and data-driven protocols of database query execution to illustrate the methods of constructing systems of cooperating processes using the Gutenberg system.
INDEX TERMS
Servers, Protocols, Kernel, Topology, Switches, port, Capabilities, functional addressing, interprocess communication, operating systems
CITATION
Krithivasan Ramamritham, "Functional addressing in Gutenberg: Interprocess communication without process identifiers", IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, vol.12, no. 11, pp. _PHONE_, Nov. 1986, doi:10.1109/TSE._PHONE_
17 ms
(Ver 2.0)
Marketing Automation Platform Marketing Automation Tool


text: Andrew Hill Trimble, _PHONE_, was born at Pembroke, Ontario. He served in a militia regiment during the Fenian Raids, and learned the trade of cheese making. He married Cynthia Wright, d. 1886, and they had eight sons, Horace, Albert, Herbert, Frederick, Benjamin, William, Garnet, and Clarence. In 1888 he married his second cousin Lydia Anne Trimble, and they had five children, Amy (Prout), Roy, Janie (Rogers) (Orme), Gladys, and Delmer. In 1889 the family migrated to southern Alberta, and in 1890 settled in the Red Deer area, where they established several farms and creameries in Red Deer and in the Clearview and Pine Lake districts. Herbert Willard "Herb" Trimble, b. 1875, took over the management of the Trimble Creamery in Red Deer and was also a partner in a fox ranch. He married Levina Brett, and they had three children, Willard, Velma (Bell), and Elaine (Henderson). Willard Dean Trimble, _PHONE_, operated a sign painting and postcard business in Red Deer. He married Emily Margaret Sveinson, 1904?-1996, and they had three children, Gary, Joan (Snell), and Dawn (Hansen).

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
The Methodist movement began at the turn of the 20th century with a spiritual awakening in a German-speaking community in Kaunas. The first Lithuanian-speaking congregation was created in 1923. By the 1939 Baltic and Slavic Conference, Lithuanian Methodism included seven active congregations. Following the Soviet occupation in 1944 all Methodist activity was forcibly stopped, congregations disbanded, and property nationalized.
In 1995 Methodists from Europe and the United States began to assist a small group of surviving Lithuanian Methodists in efforts to reorganize congregations and reclaim property. As of 2005 there are eleven congregations with a total of 485 members and 1,000 persons who participate regularly in Methodist activities. The congregations have active ministries of worship and teaching, feeding ministries, English instruction classes, economic development programs, and a drug and alcohol addiction help center in Birzai.
The churches are currently served by five Lithuanian pastors and five missionaries from Britain Sweden and America.
Lithuania celebrated the 10 years anniversary since the re-opening of the UMC in 2005. Many congregations have seen growth and a number are involved in building projects. Diaconal ministry is an important part of the church's ministry.
For more information about the World Methodist Council and how your donations can help further our mission, please visit our donations page.


text:
What affect does fertilizer have on the rate of growth in plants over a certain period of time? When tested, there is no affect on the growth of plants from a change of an environmental factor, such as an exposure to fertilizer. By changing the independent variable (whether or not the plant was planted with fertilizer), you are testing to see how the dependent variable would change (the growth of plants). In order to assure that there is no experimental error, a control must be kept to produce the most accurate data on what effect fertilizer has on plant growth.
Although many environmental factors could be tested, such as the amount of sunlight exposed to or the amount of water given, some of the controls in this experiment would be to keep both of the stated factors above the same, along with testing the same type and age of plant, testing in the same temperature, and planting in the same type of pot. In order to conduct this experiment, the only thing needing to be changed is having one plant growing with fertilizer in its soil, and one without.
By doing so, we can see whether or not fertilizer has any effect on plant growth by measuring the mass of the plant (in grams) every 15 days. Two plants will be tested at the same time in order to keep all other environmental factors the same. Once finished, the data will be analyzed by graphing and charting the results to be able to compare the differences in growth. Once tested, the results show that on day 1, the plant not exposed to fertilizer began at 5 grams, and that the plant exposed to fertilizer began at 4 grams.
After 15 says, the plant not exposed to fertilizer was measured at 12 grams, and the plant exposed to fertilizer was measured at 22 grams. Lastly, after 30 days, the plant not exposed to fertilizer was measured at 21 grams, and the plant exposed to fertilizer was measured at 48 grams. In conclusion, the original hypothesis that environmental factors had no effect on plant growth was proven faulty when shown that fertilizer did, In fact, Increase the plant growth.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
An example invitation:
A curriculum which reflects the realities of a racially and culturally diverse student body is perhaps more likely to create an environment with the potential to appeal to a more diversified teaching force. For this purpose the resource is an event invitation focusing on educators' professional development for Reconciliation to encourage understanding and ability to diversify teaching. Lacking the capacity to replace staff, an out-of-work hours learning event allows staff to access the recommended reconciliation professional development in a group setting or home on their own. This flexibility encourages staff to pursue professional development opportunities in an environment that appeals directly to the individual learning style (group learning setting or individual learning setting). The invitation is linked to Narragunnawali (_URL_ professional learning resources that build staff awareness and understanding of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander histories, cultures, and contributions, and supports the implementation of reconciliation initiatives. Providing the link to staff through an invitation enables staff to navigate their way through the website before making a choice to be involved in the event in the workplace after hours or at home. Staff may be provided dinner at the Centre to encourage the group learning setting. However, this is not a mandatory event.
Australian Indigenous cultures and languages should be promoted and explored in all early learning contexts, whether there are Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander students or not. Quality teaching for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students requires educators to have knowledge and sensitivity towards children's histories, cultures and languages (AITSL, 2017). By providing opportunities for staff to educate themselves on this topic, it ensures that they can obtain relevant information to embed in their learning programs.
This event alleviates the pressure of management having to restaff and fund a daytime professional development. Making time to connect is what the resource is suggesting educators do, creating a weeklong event (see invitation for details) to complete learning that will benefit them as future educators (Berchini, 2015). If professional development took place during the day, the management would have to source staff that the children had relationships with and would be comfortable which may be difficult in a multicultural learning environment (Berchini, 2015). They would also be required to find a space to hold the professional development which would most likely only be possible to run for one day. The event allows the staff to make a choice to attend their workplace after hours with relaxed learning opportunities that will allow them to incorporate their understanding of reconciliation in the learning environment.
Early Years Learning Framework (DEEWR, 2009)
- Outcome 2: Children are connected with and contribute to their world
- 2.2 Children respond to diversity with respect
Queensland Kindergarten Learning Guideline (QCAA, 2018)
- Identity: building a sense of security and trust
- Conectedness: Showing respect for diversity
National Quality Standard (ACECQA, 2018)
- Quality Area 1: Educational program and practice
- 1.1.3 Program learning opportunities: All aspects of the program, including routines, are organised in ways that maximise opportunities for each child's learning.
- 1.2.1 Intentional teaching: Educators are deliberate, purposeful, and thoughtful in their decisions and actions
- Quality Area 4: Staffing arrangements
- 4.2.1 Professional collaboration: Management, educators and staff work with mutual respect and collaboratively, and challenge and learn from each other, recognising each other's strengths and skills.
- Quality Area 7: Governance and leadership
- 7.2.1 Continuous improvement: There is an effective self-assessment and quality improvement process in place.
- 7.2.3 Development of professionals: Educators, co-ordinators and staff members' performance is regularly evaluated and individual plans are in place to support learning and development.


Manual:Pywikibot/user-config.py
From MediaWiki.org
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Other languages:
English • Tiếng Việt • dansk
Git logo
Wikimedia Git repository has this file: user-config.py.sample
Crystal Clear action run.svg
Generate pywikibot/user-config.py
by running generate_user_files.py.
Configuration[edit]
Before you run any of the programs, you need to create a file named user-config.py in your pywikibot directory. You create it in either of two ways:
 1. Create the file manually. It needs at least two or three variables configured, and placed in the correct location.
 2. Run the script generate_user_files.py by entering python pwb.py generate_user_files.py in a command shell, which will interactively generate the file in an interactive "wizard" style, and store it in the default configuration location.
Location[edit]
Pywikibot looks for user-config.py in the following locations, in order:
 - Specified via the -dir: argument (for example: -dir:/foo/bar)
 - The content of the environment variable PYWIKIBOT2_DIR
 - The directory in which the pwb.py file is
 - In core it checks the .pywikibot directory in the application data directory (Windows) or (that directory gets automatically created)
(See also: get_base_dir().)
Below are instructions for manually editing this file.
For Wikimedia projects[edit]
Open a text editor (e.g. Notepad in Windows) and save the text file as user-config.py in the pywikibot folder.
If your language uses non-ASCII characters, you should use a Unicode-aware editor such as Notepad++ and save your user-config with Unicode encoding without BOM marks. Don't forget to insert
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
as the first line.
Add the following lines to user-config.py:
Code Explanation
family = 'wikipedia'
mylang = 'en'
xx is the code for the language you are working on, for example 'en' is English.[1] Family is the project name.[2]
usernames['wikipedia']['en'] = u'ExampleBot'
Your user-config.py file needs to specify the bot's username.
In this example, the user is working on English Wikipedia, and has created a bot account with the username "ExampleBot".[3] [4]
(Optional)
authenticate['*.wikipedia.org'] = ('<consumer_key>','<consumer_secret>', '<access_key>', '<access_secret>')
This replaces password-based authentication with OAuth, which is more secure (especially for bots with shared ownership). See Manual:Pywikibot/OAuth on how to obtain the keys/secrets.
(Optional)
usernames['wikipedia']['de'] = u'BeispielBot'
usernames['wikipedia']['en'] = u'ExampleBot'
usernames['wiktionary']['de'] = u'BeispielBot'
If you are working on more than one Wikimedia project, you can also add several usernames.
(Optional, and rarely needed)
console_encoding = 'utf-8'
textfile_encoding = 'unicode_escape'
If this is the encoding used by your system. Always try without first.
(Optional)
sort_ignore_case = True
Some scripts may use this for sorting, e.g. solve_disambiguation.py. Default is False. Capitalized titles will preceed uncapitalized ones if this key is False or omitted, and capitalization will be disregarded by sorting if True.
(Optional)
sysopnames['wikiproject']['languagecode'] = u'YourSysopUsername'
Define a sysop account for actions that require additional preveliges, e.g. deleting pages.
(Optional)
password_file = "user-password.py"
Define a password file. The lines of the file should be tuples in any of the following formats:
(code, family, username, password)
(family, username, password)
(username, password)
For BotPasswords, refer to Manual:Pywikibot/BotPasswords.
Now save user-config.py again.
user-config.py examples[edit]
EksempelBot on no.wikipedia[edit]
mylang = 'no'
usernames['wikipedia']['no'] = u'EksempelBot'
console_encoding = 'utf-8'
use_api_login = True
ExampleBot on Commons[edit]
mylang = 'commons'
family = 'commons'
usernames['commons']['commons'] = u'ExampleBot'
console_encoding = 'utf-8'
use_api_login = True
ExampleBot on Wikidata[edit]
mylang = 'wikidata'
family = 'wikidata'
usernames['wikidata']['wikidata'] = u'ExampleBot'
console_encoding = 'utf-8'
use_api_login = True
ExampleBot on Test wiki[edit]
mylang = 'test'
family = 'test'
usernames['test']['test'] = u'ExampleBot'
ExampleBot on Test2 wiki[edit]
mylang = 'test2'
family = 'wikipedia'
usernames['wikipedia']['test2'] = u'ExampleBot'
BeispielBot on de.wikipedia and de.wikibooks, with de.wikipedia as main wiki[edit]
mylang = 'de'
usernames['wikipedia']['de'] = u'BeispielBot'
usernames['wikibooks']['de'] = u'BeispielBot'
console_encoding = 'utf-8'
use_api_login = True
For non-Wikimedia wikis[edit]
Main Page: Manual:Pywikibot/Use on third-party wikis
See also[edit]
 - config2.py (the source code of the module that loads and interpretes user-config.py)
Notes[edit]
 1. If you want to work with more than one language, choose the most common one. You can override this on the command line by using -lang:zh parameter.
 2. Meta uses 'meta' for both language code and wiki family, Commons uses 'commons' for both, and Testwiki uses 'test' for both, the multilingual wikisource uses '-' for the language. You can override this on the command line by using -family:wikibooks.
 3. The 'u' in front of the username stands for Unicode. The 'u' is required if your username contains non-ASCII characters.
 4. Note that on Linux/Unix hosts username capitalization matters! While logging in may not be an issue, testing the log in or attempting to use a bot will not use the correct cookie file and may result in anonymous access to the API. This can cause problems for private wikis that do not allow anonymous access or use third party authentication. Default usernames for mediawiki and those pulled via LDAP or other third party authentication schemes will have an uppercase character for the first letter, thus 'user' becomes 'User'.
If you need more help on setting up your Pywikibot visit the IRC channel #pywikibotconnect @ freenode server or Pywikibot mailing list.


text:
Instructions (adapted from The GCHQ Puzzle Book (2016) and the introductory puzzle here on Puzzling Stack Exchange): The words in the following list can be partitioned into equal-sized sets depending on words associated with them; each set has its own word association method. This list is arranged so that these associated words are in alphabetical order. One of these sets is missing a member, so you have to work out where in the list the associated word fits alphabetically, and hence where the word itself should appear in the list. The list should be read from left to right and top to bottom and is only written in columns for convenience. (See the introductory puzzle for a more detailed explanation and an example.)
The question to answer is:
Where does 'Pawn' fit in the following list?
Crucially this time, every set relates to video games in some way.
Please hold off posting partial answers unless you think you have found at least half of the correct word associations (although if you make it that far, why not push to complete the whole puzzle!). Thank you, and enjoy!
A note about this particular puzzle:
Some associations in this puzzle are a little trickier than others I've used in the past; one in particular is pretty involved, but hopefully it is apparent why I decided to use it! 😅
There are four remaining categories: two of them involve well-known game franchises, while the other two involve less well-known (but still popular) individual video games.
Out of these four remaining categories, two of them involve wordplay (including the "pretty involved" one I alluded too).


text:
Leaning Within a Flexible Inflation-Targeting Framework: Review of Costs and Benefits
This note examines the merits of monetary policy adjustments in response to financial stability concerns, taking into account changes in the state of knowledge since the renewal of the inflation-targeting agreement in 2011. A key financial system vulnerability in Canada is elevated household indebtedness: as more and more households are nearing their debt-capacity limits, the likelihood and severity of a large negative correction in housing markets are also increasing. Adjusting the path of policy rates can be effective in reducing the buildup of household debt and the likelihood of a house price correction over the medium term. Such adjustments can also generate a fall in inflation and in output over the short term compared with the case without a policy-rate adjustment. Overall, the estimated benefits of a leaning adjustment tend to be smaller than its social losses, since its impact on the buildup of vulnerabilities is modest and the reduction in the incidence of house price corrections or financial crises is limited.


I'm trying to write an algorithm to calculate the area created by multiple paths that can be overlapping or not. Here is an example:
Example Paths
 - 4 separate paths (A,B,C,D) which are a collection of vertices (A1,A2,...)
 - Area desired is represented by green
Edge Cases
 - As shown with B, a path might have segments that don't contribute to a filled shape
 - As shown with C, a path might be completely enclosed by other paths and therefore should basically be ignored.
 - As shown with D, paths may create independent shapes
 - As shown with A and B, it should be a union of all the shapes
My first question is if an algorithm for this already exists. If it does, it would save me a lot of effort :). I tried searching around but I don't even know how to describe this problem concisely.
Assuming one doesn't exist for this exact purpose I have to move on to figuring it out myself. I'm assuming the right data structure for the job is a graph. I'm thinking I will add points for each intersection (highlighted in red) as I insert paths into the graph.
Then "all I need" is an algorithm for tracing around the outside of each shape because calculating the area of those irregular polygons will be simple. Does something like that already exist? My primary hangups when I think about how to do this are:
 - What vertex do I "start" at?
 - How do I account for multiple shapes (D as well as A,B,C)?
 - How do I account for the parts of shapes like formed by A1,A5,A5 where I'll be visiting that intersection point multiple times?
I'm not necessarily looking for a complete solution, I'd love thoughts on if you think I'm approaching this the best way so far and if you have any ideas/suggestions on how to achieve this.
Thanks in advance!
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ The Shoelace formula gives your the area. $\endgroup$ – plop Aug 8 at 19:20
 - $\begingroup$ (_USER_ well, the example is not a simple polygon.) $\endgroup$ – greybeard Aug 9 at 1:26
 - $\begingroup$ There is line sweep. $\endgroup$ – greybeard Aug 9 at 1:30
 - $\begingroup$ It's unlikely you'll find an algorithm for this problem, because it's a multistep one... At first you need to find all intersection points and split all the edges, which contain them. Then you'll need to find all simple polygons, then check their pairwise containment. Also this is not graph theory problem, I'd say it's computational geometry problem $\endgroup$ – HEKTO Aug 9 at 22:32
With the help from some of the hints on this post and elsewhere, I came up with a solution.
The Data Structure
The data structure is relatively simple. It is a collection of Nodes that are connected by Edges.
The Data Structure
Each node stores the coordinates of where it lies in space and each segment is represented by two directional edges, one in each direction. Each intersection of line segments is broken up with a new Node. Note the coordinates of the intersections are left off the diagram but are included in the data structure.
The Algorithm
Find All Cycles
 1. Pick any edge and choose the next edge that is closest to clockwise from the edge you entered the node on.
 1. Record whether the angle between the connecting edges is a reflex angle (> 180 degrees) or not.
 1. Record the series of nodes visited
 1. Mark the edge as used
 1. Follow that new edge to the next node and repeat until reaching the first node again.
At the end, the cycle will have the points that it is composed of and a count of reflex and non-reflex angles. If there are more reflex angles, it is considered to be an outside cycle and is thrown out. Otherwise, it is included in a preliminary list of polygons to include in the final result.
Repeat this cycle finding process until every edge has been used.
Filter Polygons
Filter out any resulting polygons that are entirely inside another. This can be done by testing only the first point of one polygon to see if it's inside another. That's because we know we will never have any intersecting polygons.
Calculate the Area of Each Remaining Polygon
At this point, we just need to calculate the area of each polygon and add them together for our solution.
Some Details
It's important to note that in the case where we get to a node and the only remaining edge is the returning edge, it counts as a 360 degree angle and therefore a reflex angle.
Also, it's important to note that each angle of each cycle must be counted towards the reflex and non-reflex count, including the first and last. Otherwise, a plus sign arrangement of simple paths (+) will result in a valid polygon.
All of the cycles from my original example are represented here:
enter image description here
For more information on my process and a walk through of the algorithm, you can see my case study.
| cite | improve this answer | |
 - $\begingroup$ This is good self-answer, but it's not about Computer Science. People here used to care a lot about computational complexity, and you don't talk about it. For example, the famous Bentley-Ottmann algorithm (_URL_%E2%80%93Ottmann_algorithm) can be used to compute all the intersection points... That's why you got some comments about sweeping. $\endgroup$ – HEKTO Aug 14 at 5:37
 - $\begingroup$ I did consider determining the computational complexity of it, but it isn't particularly relevant for me right now. I definitely appreciate the link to the Bentley-Ottmann algorithm, it will definitely come in handy if performance becomes a problem for me. $\endgroup$ – drewag Aug 14 at 6:01
 - $\begingroup$ Also, _USER_ side note, I don't know why you have to say it's not computer science. Perhaps your goal is to keep people like me (definitely more of an engineer than a scientist) off this stack exchange? It certainly doesn't make me feel welcome. I think I put a lot of effort into this post, especially considering very few people will ever see it. I'm sorry it doesn't fit your narrow definition of computer science. $\endgroup$ – drewag Aug 14 at 6:03
 - $\begingroup$ I'm trying to help you, and I've actually upvoted your question. A notion of a problem in CS is more narrow than in engineering - it should be minimal, self-contained, formalized etc. There is a number of such subproblems, which can be extracted from your question - ideally we should research them separately. $\endgroup$ – HEKTO Aug 14 at 16:41
Your Answer


text:
Science club lesson plans
Scientell developed a series of hands-on activities for students on atmospheric science and weather.
Central Highlands Science Centre
Primary and secondary school students, instructors and teachers
The Central Highlands Science Centre (CHSC) in Emerald, Queensland, provides a program of science experiments for primary school students.
Scientell produced detailed lesson plans and hands-on activities for the CHSC Science Club, including run sheets, resource lists, student experiment handouts, instructor notes and storyboards. The experiments included 'Why is the sky blue', 'Cloud in a bottle', 'Tornado in a bottle', 'Solar cooker', 'Do-it-yourself rainbow', 'Polarised light', 'The water cycle' and 'Wet sweat'.
Atmospheric science was one of a number of CHSC Science Club lessons featuring hands-on, entertaining activities that use easy to obtain resources from around the home or other materials that can be recycled from, or donated by, local businesses and organisations.


Open main menu
Dihydropyridine (DHP) is a molecule based upon pyridine, and the parent of a class of molecules that have been semi-saturated with two substituents replacing one double bond. They are particularly well known in pharmacology as L-type calcium channel blockers, used in the treatment of hypertension. Compared with certain other L-type calcium channel blockers (for example those of the phenylalkylamine class such as verapamil) that have significant action at the heart, they are relatively vascular selective in their mechanism of action in lowering blood pressure.
Dihydropyridine
Skeletal formula of dihydropyridine
Ball-and-stick model of the dihydropyridine molecule
Names
Systematic IUPAC name
1,4-Dihydropyridine[1]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
MeSH 1,4-dihydropyridine
Properties
C
5
H
7
N
Molar mass 81.1158 g mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☑Y verify (what is ☑Y☒N ?)
Infobox references
Class membersEdit
Dihydropyridine class L-type calcium channel blockers include, in alphabetical order (brand names vary in different countries):
Name Image Brand name
Amlodipine Norvasc, Istin, Normodipine, Tenox, Cordi Cor
Aranidipine Sapresta (サプレスタ)
Azelnidipine CalBlock (カルブロック)
Barnidipine Vasexten, Libradin, Cyress, HypoCa
Benidipine Coniel
Cilnidipine Atelec (アテレック), Cilacar, Cinalong, Siscard
Clevidipine Cleviprex
Cronidipine
Darodipine
Dexniguldipine
Efonidipine Landel (ランデル)
Elgodipine
Elnadipine
Felodipine Renedil, Plendil
Flordipine
Furnidipine
Iganidipine
Isradipine DynaCirc CR
Lacidipine Lacipil, Motens, Sakure
Lemildipine
Lercanidipine Zanidip, Zanidip-Recordati
Levamlodipine EsCordi Cor
Levniguldipine
Manidipine Manyper, Caslot, Madipine
Nicardipine Cardene, Cardene SR
Nifedipine Adalat, Nifedical, Procardia, Corinfar, Cordaflex
Niguldipine
Niludipine
Nilvadipine Nivadil
Nimodipine Nimotop
Nisoldipine Sular, Baymycard, Syscor
Nitrendipine Baypress, Cardif, Nitrepin, Baylotensin
Olradipine
Oxodipine
Palonidipine
Pranidipine Acalas
Ryodipine
Sagandipine
Sornidipine
Teludipine
Tiamdipine
Trombodipine
Vatanidipine
The pharmaceutical drug finerenone is also a dihydrophyridine derivative, but does not act as a calcium channel blocker but as an antimineralocorticoid.
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
 1. ^ "1,4-dihydropyridine - Compound Summary". Pubchem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 27 March 2005. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 1 November 2011.
External linksEdit


text:
Dr. Laura Hills, the founder of Blue Pencil Institute, began her career as a writer and editor who had occasion to use a blue pencil in her work. Back then, a light blue pencil was used to show corrections to written copy. The color blue was used specifically because it didn't show in some lithographic and photographic processes. Dr. Hills would "blue pencil" galleys (strips) of typeset text for her articles and books to indicate to the printer which corrections, deletions, and improvements she wanted to make. The printer would then review the corrections, make the necessary changes, and the blue pencil markings would disappear in the final printing.
Dr. Hills named her institute for the blue pencil of her past for several reasons. The institute provides educational programs, learning tools, and one-on-one and team coaching to help career professionals improve themselves. But like the blue pencil of long ago, it does so behind the scenes and invisibly. The color blue also has meaning as it is the color most associated with inspiration and truth, two of Dr. Hills' core values. Dr. Hills also believed that the pencil, as one of the simplest communication tools, would stand as a symbol of the personalized human touch that Blue Pencil Institute provides to each of the career professionals it serves.
With the introduction of electronic editing using word processors and desktop publishing, literal blue pencils are rarely seen today. However, they still exist in metaphor. At Blue Pencil Institute, career professionals learn how to "blue pencil" their careers and their lives to move ahead, become more productive and effective, and find greater satisfaction in their work.


4 pages. "Thank you 'berry' much for lending a helping hand. A sweet card for volunteers, room helpers, secretaries etc.
6 pages. 2 different sailboat "craftivities." One for the end of the year with students sailing into the summer; the other for the beginning of the year when students are sailing into a new school year.
30 pages. Use these community helper cards for your word wall, pocket chart, games, puzzles and booklets.
2 pages. Here is a helpful alphabetical list of over 300 community helpers and occupations.
8 pages. Make these treats for your students st the end of the year using the summer template, or the beginning of the year using the "Orange you glad you're in __________ grade" header.
Page 8 of 57


text:
Culturekiosque Travel Tips Events in Montreal: Current Listings
The Aztecs, People of the Sun
MONTREAL, CANADA • Pointe-à-Callière • 30 May - 25 October 2015
The Aztecs, People of the Sun.focus on the people who founded the fabulous city of Tenochtitlan, capital of the Aztec Empire and the site where Mexico City was built after the Spanish Conquest in 1521. The exhibition showcases some 265 items from 16 Mexican museums, including the Templo Mayor Museum, an archaeological site museum like Pointe-à-Callière itself, and the Mexican National Museum of Anthropology.
Highlights include like the vessel representing Tlaloc, the rain god, tell us more about the Aztecs' lifestyle and deities. This vase is considered one of the masterpieces of Aztec art, and shows the god with his typical "goggles" and fangs, in his usual blue colour. The pyramid shapes on his headdress are references to the mountains where the Aztecs believed Tlaloc stored the water that would later fall as rain.
Musée d'archéologie et d'histoire de Montréal.
350, place Royale
Angle de la Commune
Vieux-Montréal (Québec) H2Y 3Y5
Tel: (1) _PHONE_
Event selection, descriptions, ratings, page design, and all other
information in these listings
copyright © 2015
Culturekiosque Publications. All rights reserved.
Images are copyright Culturekiosque.com and/or
their original copyright holders.


text:
How Much Does the OPV Vaccine Cost?
In India, the OPV vaccine price ranges from around ₹187 to ₹275 per oral shot. The first dose of the OPV vaccine is given to a child at birth, followed by 3 more doses at 6, 10, and 14 weeks after birth. 2 booster doses are also administered to a child, one at 16-24 months, and the second at 5 years of age.
Why is the OPV Vaccine Important?
Poliomyelitis is contracted predominantly by kids that could lead to permanent paralysis of their body parts and ultimately cause death due to immobilisation of breathing muscles. Almost 1 in every 200 persons affected by polio suffers from irreversible paralysis of the legs.
Among those paralysed, 5-10 percent suffer death when their breathing muscles are immobilised by the poliovirus. As poliomyelitis has no cure, immunisation is the only way to prevent it and the polio vaccine has been instrumental in the eradication of polio cases across the globe.
Is the OPV Vaccine Really Effective?
On March 27, 2014, India was declared 'Polio Free'. The OPV vaccine played an instrumental role in this achievement. The Oral Polio Vaccine has proven to be very effective in preventing poliomyelitis. The OPV vaccine helps the immune system to produce antibodies against types 1,2, and 3 of the poliovirus.
How is the OPV Vaccine Administered in India?
National Immunisation Programme
The Oral Polio Vaccine schedule for all children needs to be in sync with their National Immunisation Programme.
The OPV vaccine is easy to administer even without a trained health worker and is designed to be given multiple times to ensure complete protection from poliovirus.
Usually, after being given 4 doses of OPV vaccine as per the OPV vaccine schedule, a child secures protection against polio.
Additional Doses for Children in Tropical Areas
In tropical areas and areas with poor sanitation and hygiene conducive to the spread of the poliovirus, additional doses of Oral Polio Vaccine are administered to the children in line with the OPV vaccine schedule. Each additional dose provides enhanced protection and strengthens the immunity of the child against polio.
Is There More Than One Type of OPV Vaccine Available?
Yes, as per WHO data, there are three main categories of OPV vaccine - Monovalent OPVs, Bivalent OPVs, and Trivalent OPVs. Many countries use the trivalent OPV (tOPV) for routine and supplemental vaccination. The Monovalent and Bivalent OPVs against type 1 and type 3 are licensed for use in endemic countries.
Who Should Get the OPV Vaccine?
OPV vaccine dosage can be given to the below-stated categories of population:
The Oral Polio Vaccine dose is usually given to newborns and children up to 5 years of age.
A zero dose of OPV vaccine should be administered to the newborns within the 15 days of their birth, with the day of birth considered as zero.
A zero dose is deemed as an extra dose that boosts the low immunity of newborns.
A zero dose of OPV vaccine is followed by three primary doses at 6 weeks, 10 weeks, and 14 weeks to the newborns as per the Oral Polio Vaccine schedule.
OPV vaccine dosage can also be safely administered to sick newborns and infants.
Even if the child has received the age-specific and recommended vaccines as part of routine immunisation programmes, additional doses should be administered as part of national immunisation programmes and pulse polio campaigns.
Who Should Not Get the OPV Vaccine?
OPV Vaccine Dosage cannot be administered to the following categories of people:
Adults and Immunosuppressed children
The Oral Polio Vaccine dose should not be given to adults and also to children with severe immunosuppression.
Cases of Severe Acute Febrile Illness and Diarrhoea
The OPV vaccine dose must be delayed in the event of severe acute febrile illness. In case of diarrhoea or vomiting when OPV vaccine is given to the child, administer the usual dose along with an extra dose once the gastrointestinal trouble is gone.
Are There Any OPV Side Effects?
Largely Zero Side Effects
There are no common side effects of taking the OPV vaccine among children in general, and over the last two decades, it has saved 5 million children from permanent paralysis caused by polio.
Vaccine-Related Paralytic Polio
However, an extremely small risk associated primarily with the first dose of the OPV vaccine is that the live attenuated virus can cause paralytic polio cases.
Aseptic Meningitis or Encephalitis
After administering the OPV vaccine, cases of Aseptic Meningitis or Encephalitis have been reported in immunodeficient infants on rare occasions.
The OPV vaccine has proved to be a boon for children under the age of 5 years who are under a constant threat of polio infections. Besides, the success of the Global Polio Eradication Programme has re-emphasised the importance of vaccination from an early age. In addition, opting for a good health insurance policy that covers the cost of expensive medical treatments is important to be fully secured. So, if you still haven't opted for a health insurance plan, do it now! Browse through the health insurance plans available at Bajaj Markets that offer various benefits such as cashless claim settlements, reinstatement benefits in case you exhaust your sum assured amount, extensive coverage, and so much more.


text:
Malena is one of the youngest researchers to be offered a position as assistant professor at Yale. Her contributions have brought the field closer to confirming the existence of unseen distant planets and smaller objects.
Malena Rice is a 51 Pegasi b Postdoctoral Fellow at the MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, as well as an incoming Assistant Professor in the Yale Astronomy Department. She received her PhD in Astronomy from Yale in 2022 and was offered a position as an Assistant Professor at Yale at the age of 26.
Malena is excited about the study of the outer solar system because it is such a nearby yet evasive and mysterious frontier. She applies theory, observation, and computational techniques in her investigations of the outer solar system and its vast potential for astronomical discovery, including Planet Nine, an icy world thought to be hiding beyond Neptune. Her contributions have brought the field closer to confirming the existence of unseen distant planets and smaller objects - building blocks that could hold the secrets to planetary system beginnings.
Unlike some of her colleagues, Malena wanted to become a doctor her entire life. But she was the type of person who kept asking "why" and was really drawn towards the very fundamental questions of understanding why various aspects of our Universe look and behave the way that they do. Outside the office, you will likely find her visiting an art gallery or reading about art while sipping her favourite cup of coffee.


text:
ingredients & lore
blended with decaf ceylon tea, natural peach flavor, marigold flowers, apple pieces and apricots
Cultivation of peaches began in China as early as 2000BC. The winds of trade brought peaches to Greece and Persia, where they were instantly accepted. The juicy fruit was also a big hit with the Romans, who cultivated it throughout the empire. From Italy, peaches made the leap across the Atlantic, where early settlers planted them throughout the East Coast. Soon they were so plentiful, local botanists thought of them as native fruits.


text:
The AutoComplete widget has a different purpose than the ComboBox/DropDownList, that is why it expose different keyboard navigation behavior.
The AutoComplete is more a suggestion box (just like the Google search bar). The widget shows suggestions in its popup and the user could loop through them without selecting anything (the items are just focused and not selected). That is why the user could reach the last one using DOWN arrow, un-focus it and focus the first one. This is the intended "loop" functionality.
The ComboBox/DropDownList, in contrast, directly select the next/prev item. They behave just like the native HTML Select element. Because the item is directly selected, we avoid looping the suggestion list, because this will result in unexpected selection. This could not happen in AutoComplete/MultiSelect because the user needs to hit ENTER explicitly.
The AutoComplete is designed to open its suggestion box only when there is initiated filter. It doesn't have toggle button by purpose. Again this is intended.
To sum up, the described AutoComplete behavior is intended and we cannot provide any workaround to change its implementation. If you would like more ComboBox/DropDownList components, then I would suggest you use them instead. For instance, you can hide the ComboBox toggle button, resulting in AutoComplete look and feel, but preserving the desired ComboBox behavior.
Telerik by Progress


Make the zero value useful. –Go Proverbs
Let's start with the Golang blog: The zero value
When memory is allocated to store a value, whether by declaration or by calling make or new, and no explicit initialization is provided, the memory is given a default initialization. Each element of this value is set to its type's zero value: false for booleans, 0 for integers, 0.0 for floats, "" for strings, and nil for pointers, functions, interfaces, slices, channels, and maps. This initialization is done recursively, so, for example, if no value is specified, each element of a structure array will be zeroed.
Setting a value to zero in this way provides a great guarantee for the safety and correctness of the program, and also ensures the readability and simplicity of the program. This is what Golang programmers call "Make the zero value useful".
Zero value cheat sheet
Type Zero Value
bool false
int 0
float 0.0
string ""
pointer nil
function nil
slice nil
map nil
channel nil
The initialization of zero values is recursive, so if no value is specified, each element of the structure array will be zeroed.
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
 gore --autoimport
gore version 0.5.3 :help for help
gore> var a [10]int
gore> a
[10]int{
 0,
 0,
 0,
 0,
 0,
 0,
 0,
 0,
 0,
 0,
}
The same is true for structures. We initialize a B structure that references A, and if no value is specified, each field of B will be zeroed.
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
 gore --autoimport
gore version 0.5.3 :help for help
gore> type A struct { i int; f float64 }
gore> type B struct { i int; f float64; next A }
gore> new(B)
&main.B{
 i: 0,
 f: 0.000000,
 next: main.A{
 i: 0,
 f: 0.000000,
 },
}
note:
 - new: new(T) returns a pointer to the zero value of the newly allocated T type.
 - The tool used is gore
Usage of Zero Values
The previous section has introduced what zero values are, here we will see how to use them.
sync.Mutex
Here is an example of sync.Mutex, sync.Mutex is designed to be used directly through zero values without explicit initialization.
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
package main
import "sync"
type MyInt struct {
 mu sync.Mutex
 val int
}
func main() {
 var i MyInt
 // i.mu is usable without explicit initialisation.
 i.mu.Lock()
 i.val++
 i.mu.Unlock()
}
Thanks to the characteristics of zero values, the two unexported variables inside Mutex will be initialized to zero values. So the zero value of sync.Mutex is an unlocked Mutex.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
// A Mutex is a mutual exclusion lock.
// The zero value for a Mutex is an unlocked mutex.
//
// A Mutex must not be copied after first use.
type Mutex struct {
 state int32
 sema uint32
}
bytes.Buffer
Another example is bytes.Buffer, its zero value is an empty Buffer.
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
package main
import "bytes"
import "io"
import "os"
func main() {
 var b bytes.Buffer
 b.Write([]byte("go go go"))
 io.Copy(os.Stdout, &b)
}
JSON omitempty
JSON receivers also accept the omitempty flag, when the input field is a zero value, the receiver will ignore this field.
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
 gore --autoimport
gore version 0.5.3 :help for help
gore> type Person struct {
..... Name string 'json:"name"'
..... Age int 'json:"age"'
..... Addr string 'json:"addr,omitempty"'
..... }
gore> p1 := Person{
..... Name: "taoge",
..... Age: 30,
..... }
main.Person{
 Name: "taoge",
 Age: 30,
 Addr: "",
}
gore> data, err := json.Marshal(p1)
...
gore> string(data)
"{\"name\":\"taoge\",\"age\":30}"
channel close
In Channel Axioms, there is also a rule related to zero values, when the channel is closed, the <- operation on the closed channel always returns zero value immediately.
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
 c := make(chan int, 3)
 c <- 1
 c <- 2
 c <- 3
 close(c)
 for i := 0; i < 4; i++ {
 fmt.Printf("%d ", <-c) // prints 1 2 3 0
 }
}
The correct way to solve the above problem is to use a for loop:
1
2
3
4
for v := range c {
 // do something with v
}
Value not found for corresponding key in map
For a map, if the corresponding key is not found, the map will return a zero value of the corresponding type.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
 gore --autoimport
gore version 0.5.3 :help for help
gore> a := make(map[string]string)
map[string]string{}
gore> a["123"] = "456"
"456"
gore> a["000"]
""
The solution to this problem is to return multiple values:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
gore --autoimport
gore version 0.5.3 :help for help
gore> a := make(map[string]string)
map[string]string{}
gore> c,ok := a["000"]
""
false
For non-existent keys, the value of ok will become false.
Summary
The above is some experience summary about zero value. I hope everyone can use the zero value better when designing code, and use the features provided by zero value to initialize some variables.
Article Recommendations
Finally, I would like to share with you some good articles I have been reading recently. I wanted to send them in a weekly format, but because I read them in a scattered way, I put them at the end of each blog post, hoping everyone can gain something.
Sure, please provide the Markdown content you want to translate. I'll make sure to follow the rules you've outlined.


Increase Muscle Strength Through Mental Visualization
Optimize your physical performance with hypnosis
Increase Muscle Strength
Do you want to add a psychological layer to your workout routine, so you can boost your overall strength results?
Or perhaps you're unable to take part in a full strength building program at the moment for medical reasons.
Whether used in combination with physical training or not, mental rehearsal has been scientifically proven to be powerfully effective.
In 2007, the North American Journal of Psychology published a study 1 showing that a group of people who trained three times a week saw a 28% gain in strength, but another group saw muscle strength increased by 24% simply by repeatedly visualizing exercising a certain muscle.
Mental visualization is a whole body experience
When someone imagines taking part in a sporting activity under deep hypnosis, an observer may notice their muscles twitching, as well as changes in their breathing.
This is because it's possible to mentally activate nerve fibres, which in turn causes muscle contractions. And through repetition, the muscles and the nervous system learn how to work together for optimum performance.
Train your muscles through hypnosis
Increase Muscle Strength is an audio hypnosis session that will help you tap into the power of your mind to become stronger.
 - Your muscle strength steadily increases
 - Your muscles work more efficiently
 - You are motivated to improve your strength further
 - You feel prepared and ready for exercise.
Download Increase Muscle Strength and perform at your physical best. You can listen on your computer or device or via our free app which you can access when you have completed your purchase.
1 Mind Over Matter: Mental Training Increases Physical Strength
Increase Muscle Strength has been purchased by 619 customers.
Why you can relax about buying from Uncommon Knowledge...
Increase Muscle Strength
Narrator: Roger Elliott
Length: 24:37
Buy these together Increase Muscle StrengthPerseverance - Never Give Up and save $6.95
Why we're different to other self hypnosis programs:
Our therapist team
Our four professional hypnotherapists work on every product.
We're experienced and dedicated therapist trainers
We have a vibrant and friendly global community
Our customer support is second to none
Customer Reviews


shadow boards for aviation maintenance
Aviation maintenance is a time sensitive process, especially in aircraft on ground (AOG) situations. Aviation maintenance technicians want to complete work quickly, but make sure that the job is well done. But how can AMTs save time without compromising their work quality? The answer is 5S and shadow boards for aviation maintenance. 5S methodology can help streamline maintenance operations to get aircraft back to flying condition in a shorter amount of time.
Understanding 5S
In any repair or maintenance organization, one of the biggest competitive advantages is eliminating waste. What does this mean? Waste in this sense includes much more than wear items or replacement of damaged tools. Waste refers to all actions and resources that aren't value-added or required. 5S organization and shadow boards for aviation maintenance can help MROs and FBOs decrease waste by reducing time spent on nonessential activities.
You may ask, "How does organizing decrease waste?" Proper tool organization has the greatest effect on wasted motion – which leads to wasted time. Wasted motion refers to actions taken by a technician or manager that does not directly contribute to job completion. What is the amount of wasted motion and wasted time that are used to locate tooling? It may not seem like this is a significant amount of time, but it adds up. Although times are highly variable due to facility differences in size, tooling procedures, and workforce, many MROs and FBOs find that searching for tools can extend aviation maintenance work by over 45 minutes.
Shadow Board Effects on Time Reduction
Unsure how much time searching for tools actually takes? Set aside time to observe AMTs performing maintenance processes. Note how often progress was stalled to get the right tool. Shadow boards for aviation maintenance address this problem by providing a designated space for tooling. AMTs or managers don't have to search for the right tool because it can be found in the same location.
The best way to organize tools is using a system that is simple and sustainable. Shadow boards are one of the best ways to accomplish this because they are visual and free of guesswork. Shadow boards are also incredibly convenient because they can be placed on tool crib walls, in high trafficked areas on the hangar, or in each AMTs tool chest.
Sort, Set, Sustain
Sort refers to removing clutter. Shadow boards only include space for necessary tools and equipment, nothing extra. This eliminates clutter because there is no space that is available to place additional items.
"A place for everything and everything in its place" is the motto for set. By "setting" a place for items, each item has a known physical location. Consistency is key. Designated tooling locations enable AMTs to spend less time searching for the tool they need, so that they can get back to the task at hand.
Sustainability is the keystone of any change. The goal is to keep AMTs using the systems and processes that have been set in place. Shadow boards are one of the easiest methods to sustain. After creating the board or tool chest organizer, AMTs need to become comfortable with the new system. This can typically take up to 4 – 6 weeks.Whether you have already implemented a 5S system or are just trying to get a more organized work space, shadow boards for aviation maintenance can help. If you have any questions about shadow boards for aviation maintenance, or would like a quote, contact the team at e2b calibration HERE or via email at [email protected]


text:
Vibration Monitoring For Industrial Applications
AC Vibration Sensors
Switch & Connection Boxes
Vibration Systems and Switches
Vibration Meter Kits
Cable Management Boxes
Mining and Quarrying Industry
Food and Drink Processing
News, Blog, Events
Working With Us
Meet the Team
Our Paper application note explores the advantages of vibration sensors in a paper mill application.
CABLE ASSEMBLIES VS SELF-ASSEMBLY
This paper explores if it's better to use ready made cable assemblies or assemble yourself cable assemblies, and the advantages and disadvantages of both.
WIND TURBINES AND VIBRATION MONITORING
This paper explains how predictive maintenance based on vibration monitoring can raise the efficiency of wind turbines.
This paper explores the challenges facing engineers in marine and offers advice on how to successfully install and use vibration sensing equipment on marine vessels.
CEMENT WHITE PAPER
This paper explains how predictive maintenance helps to maximise the efficiency of machinery used in cement manufacturing, by reducing downtime to a minimum.
This paper discusses the monitoring options for cooling towers and provides best practice advice for mounting sensors on motors and gearboxes.
This paper explains the latest ATEX directives and how these apply in different applications.
This paper explains how to use envelope signal processing to pinpoint bearing failure at the earliest stage
This paper details how accurate data capture is essential as part of a predictive maintenance plan in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
This paper explores the benefits of vibration monitoring on the use of wind power.


text:
Perhaps the Ichetucknee's greatest historical treasure is the Mission de San Martin de Timucua. This Spanish/ Native American village was one of the major interior missions serving the important Spanish settlement of St. Augustine. The mission, built in 1608 flourished through most of that century. The river and springs were used consistently by even earlier cultures of Native Americans, dating back thousands of years. During the 1800s, early travelers on the historic Bellamy Road often stopped at Ichetucknee Springs to quench their thirst. Later that century, a gristmill and general store were located at Mill Pond Spring. With high quantities of limestone at or just below the ground surface, the area became early headquarters for North Florida's phosphate industry in the late 1890s and early 1900s. Small surface mines are still visible throughout the park. Continuing through the 1940s, cypress and longleaf pine forests were harvested by the local timber and naval stores industries. Ichetucknee Springs State Park was purchased by the State of Florida in 1970 from the Loncala Corporation to preserve one of the state's outstanding natural wonders. In 1972, the U.S. Department of the Interior declared the Ichetucknee Spring a National Natural Landmark.
Immediately after the Civil War, northern Florida received a great influx of settlers. The area around Fort White was still considered wild frontier when the small community was incorporated in 1870. Soon after, the nearby town of Ichetucknee sprang up along the banks of Mill Pond Spring. By 1884, Ichetucknee had its own post office, grist mill, and smithy. The Ichetucknee River was the lifeblood of the communities and settlers such as the Dampier Family came frequently to the river banks to swim, bathe, hunt, fish and worship. Before devastating hurricanes, severe winters and a boll weevil infestation ravaged Fort White in the early 1900s, industries included phosphate-mining, citrus, cotton, and railroad commerce. During its heyday, Fort White boasted more than 2,000 residents.
Phosphate mining in the park covered two major periods. Exploration mining began prior to the turn of the 20th century, consisting of mule and wheelbarrow-assisted excavation in nearby sinkholes and depressions. Later, the mine used boilers, pumps and steam shovels for ore extraction. A series of narrow-gauge railroads were installed to cart the ore out to local railroad lines. This early phase of mining was never as intrusive as our present-day methods, but many pits were left in the park and are still present today, especially around the Head Spring area. Another relic of the phosphate era is the series of 'tram beds' crisscrossing the park, left behind from the railroad conveyances.
During the early 1900s, the towns of Ichetucknee and Fort White began dwindling under the strain of economic hardship. Saw mills and turpentine operations were established to replace the old industries, and forests throughout the area suffered. Most of the original longleaf pine stands in the park were cleared for lumber and turpentine production. Old catface 'whiskers' and the remnants of clay collecting pots can still be seen near some of the ancient snags and stumps. Along the lower river, near the Head Spring, cedar trees were harvested and shipped to local pencil factories.
Although tubing the river is a relatively recent innovation, for many decades the springs of the Ichetucknee have been prized by locals as favorite gathering spots. In the days before automobiles, people used to endure hours on dusty, bumpy back roads by horseback or wagon to enjoy the cool waters. The Head Spring in particular was popular for family reunions, baptisms, picnics and camping. Old timers tell stories of chilling watermelons in the small feeder springs around the Head Spring. Women used to tie up their skirts to go fishing, trapping their catch bare-handed against logs and throwing them up on shore.
Loncala Phosphate Company owned the land surrounding Ichetucknee Springs during the 1950s and 1960s. It was during this time that folks discovered tubing and droves of college students from the Gainesville area crowded into the river and springs to partake of this popular summer ritual. Loncala allowed recreational usage of the river, but the high volume of visitors soon overwhelmed the company and the natural resources. In 1970, Loncala, concerned for the protection of this fragile spring-run ecosystem, sold the property to the state of Florida for development as a state park. The state cleaned up the river and built facilities, and in 1972 the river and springs were declared a National Natural Landmark. The tubing experience is still enjoyed by thousands each year, and the Ichetucknee River remains one of the most pristine bodies of water in the state.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
If we assume space is flat the volume of Earth is:
$$ V = \frac{4 \pi R^3}{3} = \frac{4 \pi (6378.1 km)^3}{3} = 1.086 \times 10^{21} m^3 $$
The Einstein field equations, however, predict that the presence of matter warps space-time. As I understand it, the hyperbolic geometry means that the actual volume will be smaller than that predicted by the radius with the above equation, because the space in the center of the Earth (and around the Earth) is "dimpled". How much will these two volumes differ by?
There would be different ways to answer this question, depending on how you define "radius". There is one sense, where you could drop a measuring tape from the surface to the center of the Earth, and I think this would be the "proper" length. This is my preferred definition, but I think it would be the most complicated to answer. Otherwise, you could use the universal coordinates from someone far from Earth, which would give a smaller measure of radius. Another, more meaningful, way might be to take radius from the circumference as measured by us on Earth $R=C/(2 \pi)$, in which case the real volume would be greater than the naive $4 \pi R^3/3$ number. I welcome correction on any of these predictions.
I thought it could be done easily after discovering Flamm's paraboloid, but my attempts have so far failed. For reference, this shape describes the shape of space if the "extra" space were extended out into another dimension, $w$.
the space curvature
$$ w = 2 \sqrt{r_{s} \left( r - r_{s} \right)}. $$
Specific to Earth:
$$ r_s = \frac{2 GM}{c^2} = 8.868 \text{mm} $$
This shape, however, is only valid past $R$, and some kind of clever corrections would be needed to get around this fact. I originally wanted to ask what the added volume would be over the entire Schwarzschild metric compared to flat space (meaning from $r=R$ to $r=\infty$). It looks like that would be infinity, so I didn't ask that question.
So in short, how much does general relativity math change the volume by Earth by? Is it really tiny? Is it huge? This is exciting to know!
share|improve this question
Love the question! My first thought is that an accurate answer to this would require a determination of the metric inside the Earth, which is not Schwarzschild; it would have to be a non-vacuum solution to the Einstein equation. I'm not sure how much is known about such solutions. But since the curvature is so low it might (should?) be possible to make a perturbative estimate of the factor you're asking for without knowing the exact metric. – David Z Sep 13 '12 at 17:25
_USER_ I don't know if you can easily turn this into the field equations, but the obvious Newtonian form for gravity in Earth is $\propto r$. Funny enough, due to the crazy distribution of Earth's matter, gravity actually increases as you go down into the crust. Obviously, I think we should seek the homogenous sphere answer. IMO, first thing I think someone should do is trash $w(r)$ and only use $dw/dr$, which I hope would be unaffected by the symmetrically distributed matter everywhere $>r$. But that's part of my problem, I don't know what rules still apply. – AlanSE Sep 13 '12 at 18:33
add comment
1 Answer
To start out, we can quickly simplify the equation for the surface. The $r_s$ metric is laughably small compared to Earth-scale dimension, so when we add those two it can be simply ignored.
$$ w(r) = 2\sqrt{ r_s (r+r_s) } \approx 2\sqrt{ r_s r}$$
We would like to apply this to the interior of the Earth but obviously we can't. GR only gives the curvature of space, the equation above is a constructed form of the surface that satisfies that curvature. So I'll work backwards here to get an equation for the curvature. That's not all though. If we're looking at some point in the interior of the Earth, only the matter below that point contributes to the gravitational field, and thus the curvature.
$$ \frac{dw}{dr} = \frac{\sqrt{r_s}}{2 \sqrt{r}} $$
$$ r_s = \frac{ 2 G M(r) }{ c^2 } $$
$$ M(r) = \rho \frac{4}{3} \pi r^3 $$
$$\frac{dw}{dr} = \sqrt{\frac{2G \pi \rho}{3 c^2} } r = \alpha r = (2.9 \times 10^{-12} 1/m ) r $$
Here, $\alpha$ comes out to a physical constant that is easy to calculate. This metric is for curvature. It is the rise to run for the surface in the extra dimension.
$$ ds = \sqrt{1+\left( \frac{dw}{dr} \right)^2 } dr \approx \left( 1 + \frac{1}{2} \left( \frac{dw}{dr} \right)^2 \right) dr = \left( 1 + \frac{\alpha^2}{2}r^2 \right) dr$$
The Volume of a normal sphere is:
$$ V = \int_0^R 4 \pi r^2 dr = \frac{4 \pi R^3 }{3}$$
In doing the correct integral with GR we integrate about $ds$. I should note, the radius is a difficult value to pin down, as I discussed in the question. I'll use $R'$ notation, but I'm really going to continue from this point with $R'=R$. If you disagree with this, this would be the point you'd want to pick the calcs up. My position for making these radii the same is to get the circumference the same. Keep in mind, the w-axis offset of $w(r)$ is arbitrary, so I can claim it intersects the r-axis at the surface of Earth. In this way, $R$ is a straight line in 4-dimension space (3 space plus the fictitious buckling dimension) from the surface to "under" the center of the Earth. The thing that is preserved with this method is the circumference and the surface area of Earth, which are the only values Earthlings have direct measurement of. I also made an illustration to convince you of this (I needed it myself).
The Earth is a bowl
$$ V' = \int_0^{R'} 4 \pi r^2 ds = \int_0^{R} 4 \pi r^2 \left( 1 + \frac{\alpha^2}{2}r^2 \right) dr $$
Subtract the normal volume to find the difference.
$$ \Delta V = V' -V = \int_0^R 4 \pi r^2 \frac{\alpha^2}{2}r^2 dr =\frac{4 \pi \alpha^2}{2} \int_0^R r^4 dr $$
$$ \Delta V = \frac{4 \pi \alpha^2 R^5}{10} = \frac{4 G \pi^2 \rho R^5}{15 c^2} = \frac{ G M \pi R^2}{5 c^2} = 113 km^3 $$
This comes out to 113.33 km^3, or 1000 Strategic Petroleum Reserves (I stand corrected on this point). This is a common size for lakes around the world.
Coincidentally, the same calculation for the sun yields about half the volume of the Earth.
share|improve this answer
The SPR contains 110,640,000 m^3 ~= 0.11 km^3. But there are lots of things that must remain hidden... :P – mmc Sep 14 '12 at 15:46
Your comment 'laughably small' made me look up the Schwarzschild Radius of the Earth. Turns out $r_s = 8.87*10^{-3} = 9mm$ – Ehryk Sep 14 '12 at 15:52
The formula for the integral should be $\int \epsilon_{abcd}\sqrt{|det(g)|}t^{a}dr^{a}d\theta^{b}d\phi^{c}$, where $t^{a}$ is the unit timelike normal. For most of the Schwarzschild-y coordinate systems, det(g) = -1, so this will come out to $\int \frac{4\pi r^{2}}{\sqrt{|g_{tt}|}}dr$ after you use the spherical symmetry to your advantage, which differs from the expression you use. – Jerry Schirmer Dec 13 '12 at 21:48
_USER_ I was returning to the basics of Einstein notation to get what that means in terms of $r$, but it's still beyond me. What is $g_{t,t}$ in


text:
We experimentally demonstrate an optical system that uses a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) to perform adaptive, analog self-interference cancellation for radio-frequency signals. The system subtracts a known interference signal from a corrupted received signal to recover a weak signal of interest. The SOA uses a combination of slow and fast light and cross-gain modulation to perform precise amplitude and phase matching to cancel the interference. The system achieves 38 dB of cancellation across 60-MHz instantaneous bandwidth and 56 dB of narrowband cancellation, limited by noise. The Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm is used to adaptively minimize the interference power through the control of the semiconductor's bias current and input optical power.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Self-interference cancellation
- co-site interference cancellation
- microwave photonics


text:
Hill Standpipe, which holds l,750,000 gallons of water, is a riveted
wrought iron tank with a wood frame jacket located on Thomas Hill. The
tank is 50 feet high and 75 feet in diameter. Built in l897, it is the
District's oldest standpipe and has been in use since its construction.
Its purpose is the same today: to help regulate Bangor's water pressure
in the downtown area and to provide water storage for emergencies.
standpipe is really two structures in one. The standpipe itself consists
of steel plates riveted one outside the other. The building which
enclosed it is 85 feet in diameter and 110 feet high. The 24 main posts
which extend up past the observation deck begin at the base of the
structure. Of hard pine, they measure 12x12 inches and are 48 feet long.
The entire structure has a stone foundation 9 feet high and 3 1/2 feet
thick at the base. The sill atop the foundation is made of bent pine
planks and is 14 inches thick. Along the interior wall of the fašade is
a winding staircase which leads to the promenade deck encircling the top
of the building. The deck is 12 feet wide and 280 feet in circumference.
To erect the wooden part of the structure took 42,000 feet of hard pine
and 22,000 cedar shingles. When constructed in 1898, the contractor
employed 22 men and erected a portable saw mill and blacksmith shop on
the site. The entire project took about six months to complete.
the exterior was painted dark gray with the pillars and lattice work
painted white. During World War II, the standpipe was painted drab olive
for camouflage purposes, but was repainted white in 1949. Once open to
the public, it was closed in the 1940's following an accident in which
an eleven-year-old boy was killed when he fell while climbing on beams
under the stairway. A fire detection system and a "dry"
sprinkler system which can be filled from an outside hydrant were added
several years ago to protect the landmark structure.
standpipe is a National Historic Landmark as designated by the Register
of Historic Places and the Maine Historic Preservation Commission. It is
also designated an American Water Landmark by the American Water Works
Association. BWD assumed ownership of the standpipe in 1957 when a
quasi-municipal water district (separate from the City of Bangor) was


Open main menu
Biological clessification
LifeDomainKinrickPhylumClessOrderFaimilyGenusSpeshies
The hierarchy o biological clessification's aicht muckle taxonomic ranks. Middlin smaw rankins arena shawn.
Biological clessification, or scienteefic clessification in biology, is a method o scienteefic taxonomy uised tae group an categorize organisms intae groups such as genus or species. These groops are kent as taxa (singular: taxon).
Modren biological clessification hars its ruit in the wirk o Carolus Linnaeus, who grooped species accordin tae shared pheesical characteristics. These groopins hae syne been revised tae improve consistency wi the Darwinian principle o common strynd. Wi the introduction o the cladistic method in the late 20t century, phylogenetic taxonomy in which organisms are grooped based purely on inferred evolutionary relatitness, ignorin morphological similarity, haes acome common in some auries o biology.[1] Molecular phylogenetics, which uises DNA sequences as data, haes an aa driven mony recent reveesions an is likely tae continue daein so. Biological clessification belangs tae the science o biological seestematics.
ReferencesEedit


Beware of Condominium Hurdles for Mortgages
Beware of Condominium Hurdles for Mortgages
Beware of Condominium Hurdles for Mortgages
A condominium is a specific property type and the term can have a different meaning in different regions of the country. In Tucson, we see the term applied to a building with:
 - Multiple-units
 - Each unit is individually owned
 - Each owner receives a recordable deed to the unit purchased, including the right to sell, mortgage, etc.,
 - Owner of the unit has joint ownership of any common grounds, passageways, etc.
Since the term: "Condo" is generally understood to mean something like an apartment, we often see the title of a property project mislabeled. The only way we know for sure if a home is a condo or not is by reviewing the legal description as recorded with the county. That gives us the surest way of knowing if something is truly a condo, townhome or single family house.
The distinction is important for lending purposes. There are more hurdles to clear if a home is a condo. As with all loans, a mortgage lender will evaluate the borrower's credit and financial status.The lender will also need to determine the value of the home is sufficient collateral for the loan. Additionally, on a condo, the lender must evaluate the financial strength of the condo's homeowner's association (HOA). Since much of the value is tied to the physical structure, which is maintained by the HOA for a condo, the lender needs to know there is sufficient resources for the upkeep. It is possible a borrower to have excellent credit and financial portfolio and not be able to obtain a mortgage because the HOA is unable to provide enough information to satisfy the lending guidelines
The type of loan and the purpose of buyers purchase will impact how much information is required to be verified.
 - FHA and VA will only lend on previously approved projects
 - There are only a small number of condos in Tucson approved or FHA or VA
 - Conventional loans have more flexibility and allow for lenders to review the HOA if it hasn't already been approved.
If using a conventional loan, the lender is required to complete a full or limited review on the property – A limited review has a much higher success rate – The determining factors of which review is needed are:
 - Whether the home is used as a primary, secondary or investment home
 - How much of down payment is being made.
 - is the complex new or existing.
Financing on a condominium happens all the time and isn't something to keep you from considering them as your next home purchase. Make sure to have a clear conversation with your lender and know the best path to approval. If a full review is needed, it would be better to get it done early in the process.
Contact us for additional information or any questions about the process.


Apne doubts clear karein ab Whatsapp _PHONE_) par bhi. Try it now.
CLICK HERE!
Type Your Question
Click Question to Get Free Answers
Download Video
This browser does not support the video element.
Question From class 12 Chapter DEFAULT
The straight lines are concurrent if the line passes through the fixed point (A) (B) (C) (D)
The straight lines , and are concurrent, if the straight line passes through the point (b) (d) none of these
1:30
if the straight line passes through the fixed point if the straight line passes through the fixed point
2:28
If are in A.P. prove that the straight lines are concurrent.
3:35
(i) If a, b, c, are in A.P. then show that passes through a fixed point. Find then fixed point.
 (ii) If then the family of straight lines is concurrent at the point whose co-ordinates are given by
 (iii) If then the family of straight lines passes through a fixed point. Find the coordinates of the point.
STATEMENT-1: The straight line passes through (1,1)
 STATEMENT-2: The straight line passes through if
2:47
If the parabola touches x- axis then the line passes through a fixed point
2:52
If the lines are concurrent then b+c=
1:08
If then the line passes through the fixed point which is
6:25
33. If non-zero numbers a, b, c are in H.P, then the straight line a b c -0 always passes through a fixed point, co-ordinate of fixed point is (a) (-1, 2) (b) (-1, 20 (c) (1, 20 (d) 1,
2:16
If the straight lines and are concurrent, then the family of lines are nonzero) is concurrent at (a) (b) (c) (d)
1:55
If are in harmonic progression, then the straight line always passes through a fixed point. Find that point.
1:43
If the lines are concurrent, then are in a. A.P. b. G.P. c. H.P. d. none of these
2:26
Straight lines and intersect at the point . Points and are chosen on these two lines such that . Then the equation of a line passing through the point is: (
5:49
If the lines are concurrent, then write the value of
7:28
If the lines and are concurrent , prove that .
8:22
Latest Blog Post
Maharashtra Board SSC 2020 Class 10 Exam Syllabus, Pattern and Preparation Tips
Maharashtra board has released SSC 2020 syllabus for class 10 exam. Know MSBSHSE class 10 exam syllabus, pattern & preparation tips.
Madhya Pradesh Board 2020 Class 10 Date sheet, Admit card & Result
Madhya Pradesh board 2020 class 10 exam is set to commence from 03 March to 27 March. Know the date sheet, admit card, result & other related information
JEE Advanced 2020 Syllabus: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics
Check subject wise joint entrance exam (JEE) advanced 2020 syllabus of physics, chemistry, mathematics and important topics for the preparation.
Madhya Pradesh Board 2020 Class 12 Date Sheet, Admit Card & Result
Madhya pradesh board 2020 class 12 exam will be held from Mar 2 to Mar 31. Know the MP board class 12 exam date, admit card, result & other information.
Madhya Pradesh 2020 Class 12 Syllabus & Exam Pattern
Madhya pradesh 2020 class 12 exam will start from March 2. Check latest MP board class 12 exam pattern & syllabus for science, art & Commerce stream.
Chhattisgarh Board 2020 Class 12 Date Sheet, Admit card & Result
Chhattisgarh board 2020 class 12 exam will be held from Mar 2 to Mar 31. Check the complete CGBSE 12th timetable, admit card, result & other related information.
Microconcepts
Definition and Determinant of order 1 order 2
Determinant of order 3
Determinant calculation by sarrus diagram
Determinant of matrix order >=4
Definition and example
Definition
Let A be a square matrix of order n; then the sum of the product of elements of any row (column) with their cofactors is always equal to
Let A be a square matrix of order n; then the sum of the product of elements of any row (column) with the cofactors of the corresponding elements of some other row (column) is 0.
Let A be a square matrix of order n then
Let be a square matrix of order and let B be a matrix obtained from A by interchanging any two rows (columns) of A then
Latest from Forum
Can you tell me some good reference books for CBSE 9th Maths?
Harish singh
3 Replies
20-12-2019
Who is the CBSE topper of 2019 12th Class examination ?
Shubdeep
2 Replies
20-12-2019
Can you tell me something about the CBSE grade system?
Nitesh Kumar
2 Replies
20-12-2019
Can you tell me the CBSE Formal Letter Format ?
Bhanu Tyagi
2 Replies
20-12-2019
WhatsApp par bhi kare apne doubts clear!
_PHONE_
ASK NOW


text:
Brassica rapa subsp. rapa
This variety is a traditional Japanese turnip. The root is semi-globed with deep scarlet red skin with white flesh that is tender and crisp. It has a delicious, sweet flavor when harvested young to full maturity. Turnip tops are green with red veins and stems.
- Cool season annual
- Approx. 550-750 seeds in packet. (A seed will vary in weight and size within a given seed lot. The number of seeds stated is only an estimate.)
- Maturity: Approx. 50 days
- Planting season: Late spring or late summer/early fall
For quantities greater than 500 lbs, or for special requests such as seed treatment, ask us for a price quote on this variety.
Cultivation: Prepare fertile, well-drained soil. Sow seeds in spring after danger of all frost and late summer/early fall for winter harvest. Keep soil moist. Fertilize as needed. Plant every 2 weeks for continuous harvest. Harvest when about 3" in diameter.
Please note: Maturity, adaptability and disease tolerance may differ under your specific climate and/or growing conditions.
Culinary tips: Asian turnips are mainly eaten when very young and are delicious raw with a dressing. The roots and young green tops can be sautéed, pickled or added to stew, curry and soup.