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Extreme testing
Here at ifm, we want you to be as confident in your temperature instruments as we are in ours. Each TCC sensor is "tested beyond standards" to ensure we manufacture the most stable, reliable and accurate temperature products on the market today. Throughout the development of this product, our engineers identified the primary causes of drift and failure and they have tested our products and those of three other major manufacturers in our X-treme test lab. See the results for yourself.
Thermal shock impact on drift and sensor life
CIP processes are among the most harsh to which instruments are exposed. The constant cycling between hot and cold temperatures can quickly cause fatigue of the electronic components and therefore, lead to drift and failure. Every CIP cycle is a potential source of drift.
We simulate CIP in our thermal shock chamber. Instruments are fully submerged in a bath at -15 °C for 10 minutes and then transferred immediately (< 10 seconds) to another bath at 140 °C. We test for drift after every 50 cycles at a measured temperature of 123 °C.
The chart shows the results for each manufacturer. The last measurement shown for Manufacturers B and C is point where each unit failed. Note that there is no data shown for Manufacturer A, since their products failed after two thermal cycles. The TCC measurement drifted < 0.2 °C and it did not fail even after 1000 cycles, at which point, we stopped the test.
Flow velocity impact on weld strength
ifm tests resistance to fatigue failure due to mechanical bending forces caused by high velocity flow and water hammer. The test simulates the forces experienced in pipes and measures the fatigue strength of the laser weld between the process connector and the tube of the probe. Most manufacturers recognize this weld as a weak spot.
Since we cannot guarantee the orientation of the assembly when installed, we test by applying a cyclic flow force over the entire weld pulling in all directions. The simulation illustrates the stresses on the weld as we expose the weakest point—the weld bead overlap -- to the cyclic force. The red color indicates the highest stress being applied on the weld joint.
To test weld strength in the X-treme test, we capture the probe / connection assembly and rotate it as we apply 50 lbf to the assembly until the joint breaks. We believe this extreme test fairly subjects the assembly to the worst case situation. We tested 3 samples from each manufacturer with a 50 mm probe length.


. If the event entering the atomize link has zero or one tag then the event is forwarded unchanged. The atomize link has no attributes except for the standard onerror attribute. The build link builds a large number based on the rules in a number system and properties within the current tag. The build is executed on each tag in the event, or once if the event has no tags.
 - [0056]
 The close link closes an external unstructured resource and optionally transfers the contents of the resource to another resource. The custom link connects a custom written Java™ object to a chain, allowing the customer to extend the functionality within the present invention. When the link is encountered, the custom class is called and the event is passed to the object. The custom Java object is responsible for performing some operation and then returning. The custom link wrapper will forward the event to the next link in the chain. The custom link may also define a set of arguments to pass to the custom link when the link is initialized.
 - [0057]
 The debounce link smooths tag visibility jitter coming from polled or autonomous reads of tags from RFID readers. The debounce link will filter tags within events and only relay the events that have first or last sightings of a tag. The determination of whether a sighting of a tag is the first sighting or last sighting is determined by whether that tag has been seen within a time period. If a tag has not been seen within the predefined period and it is detected then that sighting is considered a first sighting, or leading sighting. If a tag goes unsighted for the time period then the last sighting of it is considered the last sighting, or trailing sighting. If the tag reappears after not being sighted for the time period it is considered a first sighting. If a debounce link is configured to producing trailing events then any reader or poll link feeding the chain should be configured to generate empty events.
 - [0058]
 The echo link produces an output message to the log file for debugging or tracing purposes. The message is produced with a log level of INFO. The message text may also be specified in the text between the <echo> and </echo> tags. If the message attribute is specified it overrides any intraelement text specified for the link.
 - [0059]
 The expression link performs some mathematical expression and saves the results into a property value. The proprety value may be in the tag scope, event scope, or system scope as determined by the property name. Various expression operators as are commonly known are available using the system of the present invention, including add, subtract, multiply, divide, and so forth. Similarly, various functions are available within an expression, such as, for example, absolute value, character value, integer value, and so forth.
 - [0060]
 The filter-empty link causes the chain to drop any events that have no tags associated with them. If this link receives an event with zero tags, the event is discarded and control returns to the start of the chain. This link type is typically used after a debounce link on a chain that has a poll or reader that is generating empty events. Filtering the empty events will prevent meaningless events from reaching the back-end systems. Filter-empty will also remove timer events that have no tags associated with the event. This link has no attributes other than attributes common to all links.
 - [0061]
 The fork link splits the chain into a diverged sub-chain. The fork link can be used to easily send the event processing to an anciliary chain. The fork link acts as a simple in-line forward statement. The fork link has no attributes other than those common to all links. The forward link will divert an event from the current chain (the calling chain) to another chain (the called chain), either on this system or on a distributed instance. Once the called chain has completed processing of the event, the forwarding chain continues operation on the event. If the called chain altered properties in the event, the calling chain will see the new properties.
 - [0062]
 The J2EE-p2p link sends event and tag data to a J2EE JMS point-to-point queue. The J2EE-pubsub link sends event and tag data to a J2EE JMS publish-and-subscribe queue. Log-detail instructs the audit logging system of the present invention to log a detailed record of the state of the event and values of the tags at this point in the processing of the event. This link goes a step beyond the normal audit logging in that this link has the ability to log individual tag values and properties. The parse link applies the rules of a number system in accordance with the present invention to a large value and parses out the smaller numbers embedded within the larger number.
 - [0063]
 The poll link polls a reader or field to ascertain whether the reader has sighted any tags. A poll link typically appears at the head of a chain and produces events that are propagated down the rest of the chain. The print and println links send text to an external unstructured resource. The println differs from the print link in that it appends a newline or carriage-return/newline to the end of the output. The type of end-of-line appended depends upon the type of system on that the present invention is running.
 - [0064]
 The program-tag link instructs a reader to program an id value into a tag. In many instances, there are restrictions and limitations on programming tags due to the underlying RFID technology. Only one tag may be in view of the programming antenna. The tag must be the proper distance from the antenna. The proper distance is determined by the tag technology, the antenna and the surrounding environment. All of these issues make tag programming a complex task. An example of tag programming occurs such as follows: the configuration polls a reader for tags; when the reader sees a tag, and only one tag, it retrieves the next tag number from a database and then programs that number into the visible tag.
 - [0065]
 The purifier link filters tag reads until a specified threshold of reads have occurred on a tag. The query-io link allows a chain to examine the status of an external IO pin on a particular reader. External IO pins are provided by some reader manufacturers to provide an interface to the outside world. If the queried pin is on then the returned property is 1 (one), if the pin is not on the returned value is 0 (zero). The router link examines the contents of an event and routes the event to a chain or chains based on those values. The router link uses rulesets as the basis for making the routing determination. The use of common rulesets allows multiple chains to use the same consistent rules in routing events.
 - [0066]
 The set-direction link applies the direction logic of a map in accordance with the present invention to the tags in a link to determine the direction of movement of the tags. The set-io link allows a chain to turn on or off an external IO (input/output) pin on a reader. IO pins are provided by some reader manufacturers to allow the reader to control other hardware in the facility. A value of zero will turn the pin off, any positive non-zero value will turn the pin on. The shutdown link terminates the running instance immediately. It also returns an exit code to the shell that started the program. The sim-recorder link allows a chain to record the flow of tags through the chain to a file that can be read into the simulated reader and replayed. This functionality allows a developer to replay a realworld scenario through the simulated reader. The file that is produced by the sim-recorder link must be edited slightly before being replayed by the simulated reader.
 - [0067]
 The SQL link enables the instance to communicate with a JDBC compliant database. The table-get link maps a single column of a lookup table to a property in the tag or event. The table-lookup link maps all the columns of a table to properties within a tag or event. The table-put link adds a row to a lookup table. The table-reload link triggers the reloading of all table data from the resources defined external source. The table-remove link deletes a row from a lookup table. The table-save link saves the contents of the table back to the source of the data, either a database, web service or flatfile.
 - [0068]
 The tag-map link maps a chunk of tag memory from a tag containing NVRAM to a property within the present invention. The tag-read link reads the contents of the NVRAM in a tag into the systems memory and associates those values with the tag in triggering event. The tag-write link writes the systems copy of the tag's NVRAM to the physical tag. The transfer link sends the contents of an external unstructured resource to another external unstructured resource. The ucc-parse link interprets and parses a number as a EPC or UPC value according to the EPC Tag Data Standards version 1.1. The component values are added to the tag as properties that are accessible to other links and external resources. In one embodiment, the ucc-parse link has no attributes. The value to parse may be specified in the intra-element text. If no value is specified the tag id of the tags triggering the link will be parsed. The web-


Last modified 3 years ago Last modified on 04/16/12 18:23:58
Troubleshooting Sound Problems -
Troubleshooting problems in the audio quality is one of the most difficult task to do with PJMEDIA, because not only it is system/usage specific but also sometimes it is quite hard to describe what the problem is. This page will try to provide a step-by-step troubleshooting guide to assist solving such problems.
Understanding Media Flow
If you want to understand how audio is flowing among various PJMEDIA components, the Understanding Media Flow page provides a detailed explanation about this.
Types of Problems
Please identify the problem with audio from the following list. If the problem is not listed below, it would be great to contact the mailing list so that I can add it here:
 1. No audio is heard on local speaker during the call
 2. No Audio is heard by remote party
 3. Audio breakups
 4. Audio drop-outs or "stutters"
 5. Loud static noise
 6. Soft/quiet noise
 7. Audio stutters when streaming tone to X-Lite/SJPhone
 8. High jitter value observed by remote party
How to Report Audio Problems
If the problem is not listed above, or a solution can't be found, then the next step is to try to contact the mailing list to see if members can provide some help to diagnose/solve the problems. When reporting the problem, it's always good to follow this guideline:
 - Try to describe the problem in detail (is it noise, stutters, etc). Be verbose, because certainly it doesn't help at all to say that "the audio is bad" without describing what it means.
 - Let others know what checklists have been done. Try to narrow down the problem. If there are some log output (such as output of pjsua's dq command or sndtest output or just pjsua's log file) then attach these outpus to your post. It's always better to have more data rather than less data.
 - It will be very useful to have a sample recording of the problem, if it is possible. We know that it's very hard to describe what something sounds like, so with a recording others can hear themselves what exactly the problem is. Use the How to Record Audio with pjsua page for some instructions. Note that the mailing list does not allow message larger than 100 KB so probably you'd need to put the sample recording somewhere and provide the link to your post.


text:
am very proud to present this pond that we created this winter for
Rebecca Frayn and Andrew Harris in collaboration with the company
Bioconstruccion Ibiza. It is part of a large eco-farm in the north of
Ibiza. The finca has 30 hectares of land, 25 beehives, a permaculture
vegetable garden and fruit tree plantations with traditional varieties
and minimal water requirements. Holm oaks were also planted. Chickens,
ducks and sheep are used for regenerative grazing, thus improving the
soil and binding carbon.
garden around the 500-year-old, lovingly restored finca was designed by
the internationally recognized landscape planner Tom Stuart-Smith with
drought-resistant Mediterranean plants that do almost entirely without
over all concept is to create a case study project for a regenerative
approach that is so seductive in execution and beauty that it helps
inspire the wider systems changes that are so urgently needed now. To
this end, the farm is entirely solar powered, and makes judicious use to
the water that comes from an ancient spring on the land. In
time the farm will host a variety of events, retreats and workshops
that will try to help spread awareness of the urgent importance of
ecological restoration on a global scale" explains Rebecca Frayn.
This article mentions the project:
Ibiza reborn – in search of the Balearics' bohemian past
special concern in the design of the swimming pond was the most natural
possible integration into the landscape, with the aspect of a quarry
filled with water. In addition, it should serve as a source of drinking
water for bees and birds and as a habitat for endangered animal and
plant species and increase biodiversity. It was included in the list of
potential water bodies for the reintroduction of the Balearic Green
Toad, along with another small aquatic biotope that we created nearby.
was filled and planted in March this year, the optimal planting test
for aquatic plants. Already, after only 3 months, a solid underwater and
pond edge vegetation has grown.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Rural Communities and Planning
The concept of community is complex. Starting, engaging, and stabilizing a community, including its buildings and people, requires a diverse skill set. Every community presents its own unique challenges and opportunities. Postgraduate degrees offered through the OAC allow students to critically examine communities and offer solutions to the issues they face using a broad range of theories and approaches.
- Capacity Development and Extension - MSc
- International Development Studies - MSc or MA*
- International Development Studies - PhD*
- Rural Planning and Development - MSc or MPLAN
- Rural Studies - PhD
Certificates and Continuing Education
*Collaborative interdepartmental programs within the University of Guelph.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Anthropometric Predictors of Concentric Hip, Knee, and Ankle Work During a 5x5 Conventional Deadlift Routine
The deadlift is one of the most commonly performed exercises to strengthen the lower body, as well as one of the main lifts in powerlifting and strongman competitions. However, literature exploring the deadlift exercise and its variations remains quite limited compared to other popular exercises like squats and bench press. PURPOSE: The purpose of this exploratory analysis was to determine if there are relationships between anthropometric characteristics (arm length, torso length, thigh length, and shank length) and hip, knee, and ankle joint angular concentric work during a 5 sets of 5 repetitions (5x5) conventional deadlift (CDL) routine. METHODS: Eleven resistance-trained males who had experience with the deadlift exercise completed this study (21.5 ± 1.4 years, 180.7 ± 5.7 cm, 89.9 ± 16.0 kilograms). Limb lengths were measured by a 3-D optical scanner (Size Stream®). After completing a warm-up that consisted of 5 minutes of cycling at a self-selected pace and 2-3 minutes of lower body exercises (e.g., bodyweight squat and walking lunges), the subjects started deadlifting. Subjects performed warm-up sets of the deadlift exercise while self-selecting their repetitions and incrementally increasing weight during each warm-up set by ~10-20% until reaching a weight that they corresponded to an RPE of 8 on a Borg Category-Ratio (CR-10) scale. The subjects then underwent a 5x5 deadlift workout using the selected load, with 2-to-5 minutes of rest between sets. Joint angular work was assessed via a three-dimensional 12-camera Vicon motion capture system (200 Hz) and two force platforms (1000 Hz). Outcomes were averaged across sets 1-through-5 and analyzed using multivariate regression and relative importance analysis in the R software. RESULTS: Together, the predictors from the multivariate regression model did not correlate with hip (p = 0.75; R2 = 0.24; R2adj = -0.26), knee (p = 0.99; R2 = 0.05; R2adj = -0.59), or ankle (p = 0.11; R2 = 0.67; R2adj = 0.45) concentric work. Independently, the only predictor variable that correlated with any of the outcome variables was thigh length, which was a predictor of ankle concentric work (p = 0.03). In this model, thigh length accounted for 37% of the variance in ankle concentric work. CONCLUSION: This preliminary research suggests that some gross anthropometric predictors may not explain hip, knee, or ankle joint concentric work during a 5x5 CDL routine. However, given the small sample size and exploratory nature of this work, the findings should be viewed as tentative until future research investigates the relationships between anthropometrics and deadlift mechanics.
Keith, Dale S.; Scherrer, Daniel; Nunley, Brandon; Harry, John R.; and Tinsley, Grant M.
"Anthropometric Predictors of Concentric Hip, Knee, and Ankle Work During a 5x5 Conventional Deadlift Routine,"
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings: Vol. 2:
13, Article 26.
Available at: _URL_
Health and Physical Education Commons, Medical Education Commons, Sports Sciences Commons


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The Heyrovsky - Ilkovic - Nernst lecture is the only name lecture so far in trilateral cooperation. The German Chemical Society established the Heyrovsky - Ilkovic - Nernst Lecture in 2002 together with the Ceská Spolecnost Chemická and the Slovenská Chemická Spolocnost. The lecture took place for the first time in 2006.
The lecture was named after three important physical chemists from the three participating nations. The Czech professor Jaroslav Heyrovský developed polarography, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1959. Polarography is a method for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of ions in a solution using a mercury drop electrode. Heyrovský was also a member of the Leopoldina.
The Slovak chemist Professor Dionýz Ilkovi? worked in the Heyrovský laboratory in 1930. In 1934 he published the Ilkovi? equation named after him, which made it possible to calculate concentrations from the currents measured in polarography. The corresponding derivation was published in 1938. Until 1976 Ilkovi? was a professor at the Comenius University in Bratislava.
In 1920 the German professor Walther Hermann Nernst received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work in the field of thermochemistry. Nobody who deals with chemistry can get past Nernst. The Nernst equation named after him is part of the basic knowledge of every chemist. It describes the concentration dependence of the electrode potential of a redox couple. The third movement on thermodynamics also goes back to Nernst.
Professor Ernest Beinrohr conducts research in the field of device development both at the University of Bratislava and in his own company in Slovakia.
Professor Fred Lisdat studied chemistry at the Humboldt University in Berlin and is now professor for biosystems engineering. His main research interests are the investigation of the electrochemical behavior of biomolecules on metal and carbon electrodes, the determination of binding properties of biomolecules and their interaction with modified surfaces and the development of sensors for biological radicals, metabolites, DNA and antibodies.
Jana Roithová, Prague / Czech Republic
|2014||Wolfgang Schuhmann, Bochum|
|2013||Miroslav Fojta, Brno / Czech Republic|
|2011||Jan Labuda, Bratislava / Slovakia|
|2010||Frank-Michael Matysik, Regensburg|
Jirí Barek, Prague / Czech Republic
|2006||Christian Näther, Kiel|
Prof. Dr. Frank-Michael Matysik, University of Regensburg (lead management)
Prof. Dr. Fred Lisdat, Technical University of Wildau
Prof. Dr. Monika Mazik, Technical University of Freiberg
Prof. Dr. Jana Roithová, Radboud University
last modified: 10.05.2021 14:59 H from J.Herr


text:
predominant species by recording 20.6% relative abundance out of the total light trap catch (i.e. 1316 beetles) followed by Phyllognathus sp. (14.6% relative abundance). H. rosettae and Heteronychus lioderus occupied third and fourth rank with 11.85% and 9.65% relative abundance, respectively. The emergence of beetles of predominant species started from 15th March, 2018. In April, average light trap catch was 382 white grub beetles, however, peak emergence of most of the white grub species was observed from June to July, 2018 i.e. 336 beetles in June followed by 303 beetles in the July. On the basis of the emergence pattern of white grub beetles, it may be concluded that the Peak Emergence Period (PEP) for the beetles of H. serrata was second fortnight of April for the total period of 15 days. In May, June and July relatively low population of H. serrata was observed. A decreasing trend in light trap catch was observed and went on till September during the study. No single beetle of H. serrata was observed on light trap from September onwards. The cumulative plant mortality data in both the experiments revealed that all the insecticidal treatments were significantly superior in protection-wise (6.49-16.82% cumulative plant mortality) over untreated control where highest plant mortality was 17.28 to 39.65% during study. The mixture of Fipronil 40% and Imidacloprid 40% WG applied at the rate of 300 g a.i. per ha proved to be most effective having lowest plant mortality i.e. 9.29 and 10.94% in pre and post sown crop, followed by Clothianidin 50 WG (120 g a.i. per ha) where the plant mortality was 10.57 and 11.93% in pre and post sown treatments, respectively. Both treatments were found significantly at par among each other. Production-wise, all the insecticidal treatments were found statistically superior (15.00-24.66 q per ha grain yields) over untreated control where the grain yield was 8.25 & 9.13 q per ha. Treatment Fipronil 40% + Imidacloprid 40% WG applied at the rate of 300 g a.i. per ha proved to be most effective and significantly superior over Imidacloprid 70WG applied at the rate of 300 g a.i. per ha.
Keywords: Bio efficacy, insecticide, Holotrichia, soybean, white grub.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 505
133 The Impact of Fish Cages on Water Quality in One Fish Farm in Croatia
Authors: G. Jelic Mrcelic, M. Sliskovic
In Croatia, the majority of cultured marine fish species are reared in net cages. The intensive production of the fish in net cages may generate the considerable amount of bio waste and change water quality especially in enclosed and semi-enclosed coastal areas. The aim of this paper is to assess the potential impact of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) cage farm on water quality. The weak relationship between food supply and water quality parameters (nutrient content and phytoplankton biomass) was found, but significant changes in oxygen saturation was observed in the cages during the warmer period of a year especially in the morning (occasionally it dropped below 70 %). Despite of, satisfactory results of water quality parameters, it is necessary to establish comprehensive monitoring process, especially to include quality assessment of fouling communities.
Keywords: Mariculture, monitoring, fish cages, water quality parameters.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 2524
132 Automation of Packing Cell in Fresh Fish Facilities
Authors: Omid Mirmotahari, Yngvar Berg, Mats Hovin
The problem discussed in this paper involves packing fresh fish fileet of the northern Cod into a standard square container. The fish is first cleaned and split and then collected on a belt ready to be stacked in a container. The aim of our work is to pack the fish into the container with constraints on the amount of overlap allowed for the fileets. The current focus is to design a packing cell that can be real-time and of practical use, while finding the optimal solution to the degree of overlap and minimise the unused space of the container.
Keywords: Facilities Planning and Management, Intelligent Systems, Manufacturing Systems, Operations Research, Production Planning and Control.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 1535
131 Fish Locomotion for Innovative Marine Propulsion Systems
Authors: Omar B. Yaakob, Yasser M. Ahmed, Ahmad F. Said
There is an essential need for obtaining the mathematical representation of fish body undulations, which can be used for designing and building new innovative types of marine propulsion systems with less environmental impact. This research work presents a case study to derive the mathematical model for fish body movement. Observation and capturing image methods were used in this study in order to obtain a mathematical representation of Clariasbatrachus fish (catfish). An experiment was conducted by using an aquarium with dimension 0.609 m x 0.304 m x 0.304 m, and a 0.5 m ruler was attached at the base of the aquarium. Progressive Scan Monochrome Camera was positioned at 1.8 m above the base of the aquarium to provide swimming sequences. Seven points were marked on the fish body using white marker to indicate the fish movement and measuring the amplitude of undulation. Images from video recordings (20 frames/s) were analyzed frame by frame using local coordinate system, with time interval 0.05 s. The amplitudes of undulations were obtained for image analysis from each point that has been marked on fish body. A graph of amplitude of undulations versus time was plotted by using computer to derive a mathematical fit. The function for the graph is polynomial with nine orders.
Keywords: Fish locomotion, body undulation, steady and unsteady swimming modes.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 2035
130 Optical Fish Tracking in Fishways using Neural Networks
Authors: Alvaro Rodriguez, Maria Bermudez, Juan R. Rabuñal, Jeronimo Puertas
One of the main issues in Computer Vision is to extract the movement of one or several points or objects of interest in an image or video sequence to conduct any kind of study or control process. Different techniques to solve this problem have been applied in numerous areas such as surveillance systems, analysis of traffic, motion capture, image compression, navigation systems and others, where the specific characteristics of each scenario determine the approximation to the problem. This paper puts forward a Computer Vision based algorithm to analyze fish trajectories in high turbulence conditions in artificial structures called vertical slot fishways, designed to allow the upstream migration of fish through obstructions in rivers. The suggested algorithm calculates the position of the fish at every instant starting from images recorded with a camera and using neural networks to execute fish detection on images. Different laboratory tests have been carried out in a full scale fishway model and with living fishes, allowing the reconstruction of the fish trajectory and the measurement of velocities and accelerations of the fish. These data can provide useful information to design more effective vertical slot fishways.
Keywords: Computer Vision, Neural Network, Fishway, Fish Trajectory, TrackingProcedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 1905
129 Using Submerge Fermentation Method to Production of Extracellular Lipase by Aspergillus niger
Authors: Masoumeh Ghasemi, Afshin Farahbakhsh, Arman Farahbakhsh, Ali Asghar Safari
In this study, lipase production has been investigated using submerge fermentation by Aspergillus niger in Kilka fish oil as main substrate. The Taguchi method with an L9 orthogonal array design was used to investigate the effect of parameters and their levels on lipase productivity. The optimum conditions for Kilka fish oil concentration, incubation temperature and pH were obtained 3 gr./ml 35°C and 7, respectively. The amount of lipase activity in optimum condition was obtained 4.59IU/ml. By comparing this amount with the amount of productivity in the olive oil medium based on the cost of each medium, it was that using Kilka fish oil is 84% economical. Therefore Kilka fish oil can be used as an economical and suitable substrate in the lipase production and industrial usages.
Keywords: Lipase, Aspergillus niger, Kilka Fish oil, Submerge Fermentation method.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 2734
128 Ghazal Ozon River and Preserving the Existent Aquatics While Constructing the Siazakh Dam
Authors: Reza Gharehkhani
Abstract:The main purpose of the dam is to control the surface streams and rivers across the country. Dam construction and formation of river and big water reservoirs and resources happen in the glen is a big incident which would change its surrounding area considerably. In fact, constructing a dam the glen width is close and fishes don't migrate from upstream to downstream and ultimately it would led to their death. To resolve this, it seems necessity to create a passage for fishes during the construction of dam. It is provided establishing a set of stepped pools


Understanding the early life origins of suicide: Vulnerability may begin even before birth
By Massimiliano Orri, Assistant Professor, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University and Marie-Claude Geoffroy, Assistant Professor, Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology and Canada Research Chair in Youth Suicide Prevention, McGill University

Suicide is a tragic event. Unfortunately, every 40 seconds, a person dies by suicide. Beyond the premature loss of an individual's life, more that 100 people may be affected by each suicide, including family, friends and community members.
People considering their own death have often gone through long periods of intense suffering and internal struggles. They may have endured mental illness and experienced a range of adverse life events. Helping people suffering from a mental disorder and/or going through a difficult time is therefore of the utmost importance to preventing suicide.
However, evidence from research conducted in the past two decades has highlighted that suicide is not only the result of such contributing factors around the time of death. Instead, vulnerability to suicide may build up throughout the course of life. It may start with events occurring very early in life, in the perinatal period and infancy, that have long-lasting influences on suicide in adulthood.
The developmental origins of health and diseases
In the 1990s, British epidemiologist David Barker noticed that children born with low birth weight (less than 2.5 kilograms) or preterm (before 37 weeks) were more likely to develop chronic conditions such as cardiovascular or metabolic diseases as adults. These observations served as the foundation of the developmental origins of health and diseases (or DOHaD) hypothesis.
The DOHaD hypothesis suggests that exposure to environmental influences during the critical period of fetal development could have significant consequences on an individual's short- and long-term health. This knowledge promoted early-life interventions such as prenatal and infant nutrition to improve long-term outcomes. It also supported guidelines to promote quality care before, between and during pregnancies.
As such, the DOHaD hypothesis has increased scientific interest in understanding how early-life events influence the risk of other health problems, including suicide.
Early-life origins of suicide
As researchers with the LIFESPAN research project, our goal is to better understand whether early-life factors influence the risk of suicide later in life, and how. If early life factors are associated with suicide, suicide prevention strategies need to be implemented early in life.
Within the LIFESPAN project, we recently conducted a meta-analysis looking at 42 articles from 21 longitudinal cohort studies from Europe, North America, South America and Asia. It examined associations of 14 early-life factors in the prenatal and perinatal periods _ including low birth weight, obstetric complications, impoverished socio-economic conditions of the family at childbirth and young parental age _ with later suicide.
Out of the 14 factors investigated, seven were associated with suicide in adulthood, providing support for the DOHaD hypothesis. The strongest early-life influences on later suicide were parental characteristics such as low parental education, low family socio-economic conditions and young maternal age, as well as restricted fetal growth, including low birth weight.
For example, researchers found that children born with a lower birth weight or who were premature were more likely to die by suicide than children born with normal birth weight. They also found that children of teenage parents were more likely to die by suicide than children of older parents, and that children born to parents with lower levels of education were more likely to die by suicide than children born to parents with higher levels of education.
It is important to note that these are epidemiological findings that should not be directly applied to the single individual, but rather they should be applied to the population. We cannot consider a prematurely born baby as being at risk of suicide, but in a given population, babies born prematurely are, on average, at higher risk of dying by suicide than children born at term.
How early-life risk factors increase suicide risk
An important followup question is to understand why factors occurring very early in life may influence behaviour happening decades later. A first theory implicates social mechanisms. Socio-economic factors (such as poverty or lower education levels) are key determinants of health and tend to be transmitted from one generation to another.
Children born to a family with low financial resources may have restricted access to quality education, health care and life opportunities. This may increase their chances of being confronted with financial and social problems in adulthood, which may in turn increase suicide risk. In other words, social and economic problems that increase suicide risk in adulthood may be, in part, the continuation of the socioeconomic conditions of the family into which a child was born.
This is also true for non-monetary indicators of socio-economic position, such as parental education. Parents who are young and less educated may not have the material and emotional resources to provide their children with the best start in life. Providing resources to young parents from low socio-economic conditions may therefore be an opportunity to improve their child's health in adulthood, and consequently decreasing suicide risk.
A second theory implicates brain development. The DOHaD hypothesis states that when the fetus is exposed to adversity, it reacts with adaptations to survive a harsh environment in utero. These adaptations may result in impairments in brain development, which are in turn associated with decreased cognitive skills that may further reduce a person's capacity to deal with stressful events later in life. The capacity to cope with life stress, also known as resilience, is a key protective factor for suicide and mental health problems in general.
Reducing risk factors that may determine low birth weight or fetal suffering, such as poor nutrition, infections, exposure to chemicals or hormonal perturbations, is important for the health of the offspring. However, interventions to boost resilience among children who have experienced adversity during the fetal period may also be a promising avenue for preventing later problems, including suicide.
Suicide prevention from an early-life perspective
Early prevention is universally recognized as a leading way to reduce health problems while minimizing societal costs. Early prevention often means removing or reducing risk factors in a population before a health problem manifests.
In this perspective, research on the early-life origins of suicide invites us to integrate interventions at the individual level with prevention at the population level. It supports the need to think about suicide prevention as a long-term, rather than uniquely a short-term, endeavour with the goal of reducing vulnerability to suicide during the life course.
Public health policy providing the best environment for children to grow up may have the potential to build resilience and reduce the long-term vulnerability to suicide.
___
If you or someone you know is thinking about suicide, call 911 for emergency services. For support, call Canada Suicide Prevention Service at _PHONE_ (from Quebec) or _PHONE_ (other provinces), or send a text to 45645. Visit Crisis Services Canada for more resources.
Related Posts


text:
Pronunciation: (mō'gul), [key]
a bump or mound of hard snow on a ski slope.
Pronunciation: (mō'gul, -gul, mō-gul'), [key]
1. any of the Mongol conquerors of India who established an empire that lasted from 1526 to 1857, but held only nominal power after 1803. Cf. Great Mogul.
2. any of their descendants.
3. (l.c.) an important, powerful, or influential person: a mogul of the movie industry.
4. a Mongol or Mongolian.
5. Railroads.a steam locomotive having a two-wheeled front truck, six driving wheels, and no rear truck. See table under Whyte classification.
of or pertaining to the Moguls or their empire. Also,Moghul,Mughal (for defs. 1, 2, 6).
Random House Unabridged Dictionary, Copyright © 1997, by Random House, Inc., on Infoplease.


Between the Salmon River Mountains, Lake Pend Oreille, and Snake River, Idaho has a lot of different landmarks! On this worksheet, kids get practice reading maps as they label the cities and landforms unique to the state of Idaho. This worksheet boosts social studies learning, and it's lots of fun, too.


Home >Bestiary >(Bestiary) By Type >Animals >
Lich Newt
Two sharp ridges of bone run along the back of this foot-long, black-and-white speckled newt.
Lich Newt CR 1/4
XP 100
N Tiny animal (aquatic)
Init +1; Senses low-light vision; Perception +4
hp 5 (1d8+1)
Fort +3, Ref +3, Will +1; +2 vs. disease and poison
Defensive Abilities paralyzing mucus
Speed 15 ft., swim 20 ft.
Melee slam –2 (1d2–4 plus poison)
Special Attacks poison
Str 2, Dex 12, Con 13, Int 1, Wis 12, Cha 5
Base Atk +0; CMB –1; CMD 5 (9 vs. trip)
Feats Skill Focus (Perception)
Skills Perception +4, Stealth +13, Swim +9
SQ amphibious
Paralyzing Mucus (Ex)
A lich newt secretes poison from its skin, and any creature that successfully hits it with a natural weapon or unarmed strike must immediately attempt a save against its poison.
Poison (Ex)
Slam—injury or contact; save Fort DC 11; frequency 1/round for 2 rounds; effect 1d2 Str damage; cure 1 save.
Environment temperate marshes or plains
Organization solitary, pair, or ning (3–12)
Treasure none
Named for their distinctive black-and-white coloration and their opportunistic scavenging, these large amphibians live all along polluted rivers. A lich newt's defenses include bony ridges growing along either side of their foot-long bodies and a poisonous mucus that causes numbness and muscle spasms. Some humanoid tribes trap these amphibians and refine their poison into weapon blanches and drugs. The desperate even eat lich newts; their poison breaks down if their meat is cooked in vinegar as part of a tough, gamy, but relatively sustaining stew.
After battles waged by warring armies or mercenary bands, lich newts often swarm the rotting corpses, feasting on the softening flesh and hunting the various insects attracted by the carrion. As a result, many believe the newts to be bad omens or otherwise associated with necromancy.
Lich newt familiars are popular with wizards and witches who care more about the creatures' reputation than their true nature as bottom-feeders and scavengers. An arcane caster who selects a lich newt as his familiar gains a +2 bonus on Fortitude saves against disease and poison.
Section 15: Copyright Notice
Pathfinder Adventure Path #115: Trail of the Hunted © 2017, Paizo Inc.; Authors: Amber E. Scott, with Crystal Frasier, Luis Loza, Ron Lundeen, Tonya Woldridge, and Linda Zayas-Palmer.


text:
The energy flow in a piezoelectric vibration energy harvester (VEH) involves both the mechanical domain and the electrical domain. To better understand the vibration-piezoelectricity coupling of this device, a unified description approach based on the bond graph is proposed to analyze the influence of the piezoelectric VEH parameters on the electricity harvesting performance in the energy conversion. Both the mechanical structure and the electric circuit are modeled using the bond graph. The present method is applied to analyze the parametric configuration of a piezoelectric VEH, which is further tested on an experimental platform. The results show that the unified model using the bond-graph is well-suited for analyzing the vibration-piezoelectricity coupling. The proposed method can advance the design optimization of piezoelectric VEHs.
About this article
07 February 2012
14 May 2012
30 June 2012
vibration energy harvesting
Copyright © 2012 Vibroengineering
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


text:
Definition of inexactly
adv. - In a manner not exact or precise; inaccurately. 2
The word "inexactly" uses 9 letters: A C E I L N T X Y.
No direct anagrams for inexactly found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after inexactly (in bold), or to aceilntxy in any order:
g - exactingly
All words formed from inexactly by changing one letter
Browse words starting with inexactly by next letter


This graphic shows the order in which Oracle returns the rows for a query of a hierarchical tree. Beginning with the root row, Oracle returns one child row of the root, and then one child of that child row, and so forth until a leaf row (one without children) is encountered.
At this point, Oracle goes up in the hierarchy until the next row with a child row is found, and the Oracle returns that child, and so forth until the next leaf row is returned.
This process continues, with Oracle returning to the root row for the next child only when all of the "descendants" of the first child row have been returned.


paper presents calculations of the expected influence of vibrations on field quality measurements and a technique to measure vibrations present in data acquired with standard "tangential-style" probes. Measured vibrations are reported and compared to simulations. Limits on systematic errors in multipole measurements are discussed along with implications for probe and measurement system design. (3 refs).
 9. Theoretical investigation of nuclear quadrupole interactions in DNA at first-principles level
 Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
 Mahato, Dip N. [State University of New York at Albany, Department of Physics (United States); Dubey, Archana [University of Central Florida, Department of Physics (United States); Pink, R. H. [State University of New York at Albany, Department of Physics (United States); Scheicher, R. H. [Uppsala University, Condensed Matter Theory Group, Department of Physics and Materials Science (Sweden); Badu, S. R. [State University of New York at Albany, Department of Physics (United States); Nagamine, K. [University of California at Riverside, Department of Physics (United States); Torikai, E. [Yamanashi University, Department of Electrical Engineering (Japan); Saha, H. P.; Chow, Lee [University of Central Florida, Department of Physics (United States); Huang, M. B. [State University of New York at Albany, College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering (United States); Das, T. P., E-mail: _EMAIL_ [State University of New York at Albany, Department of Physics (United States)
 2008-01-15
 We have studied the nuclear quadrupole interactions (NQI) of the {sup 14}N, {sup 17}O and {sup 2}H nuclei in the nucleobases cytosine, adenine, guanine and thymine in the free state as well as when they are bonded to the sugar ring in DNA, simulated through a CH{sub 3} group attached to the nucleobases. The nucleobase uracil, which replaces thymine in RNA, has also been studied. Our results show that there are substantial indirect effects of the bonding with the sugar group in the nucleic acids on the NQI parameters e{sup 2}qQ/h and {eta}. It is hoped that measurements of these NQI parameters in DNA will be available in the future to compare with our predictions. Our results provide the conclusion that for any property dependent on the electronic structures of the nucleic acids, the effects of the bonding between the nucleobases and the nucleic acid backbones have to be included.
 10. Electric Vehicle Interaction at the Electrical Circuit Level
 Science.gov (United States)
 2018-01-01
 The objective of the Electric Vehicle Interaction at the Electrical Circuit Level project was to investigate electric vehicle (EV) charging as a means of mitigating transient over-voltages (TOVs) on the circuit level electric utility distribution gri...
 11. Quadrupole moments measured by nuclear orientation
 International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
 Bouchta, H.
 1985-01-01
 Quadrupole interactions between the nuclei and solids have been studied with the low temperature nuclear orientation technique. The first series of measurements have been effected on the orientation of 195H g m and 197 Hg m , long lived daughter states in the 195 Au and 197 Au decay. The lifetimes of these states are of the same order as the spin-lattice relaxation time. The reorientation of the intermediate states has been taken into account extending the dipole relaxation mechanism to non-equidistant relaxing substates. The experimental nuclear quadrupole moments, thus deduced are slightly different from theoretical estimations. A new high precision method accessible to levels with 100 ns to 1 m lifetimes, the level mixing resonance on oriented nuclei (LMR/ON) has been elaborated in collaboration with LEUVEN university (Belgium). In this technique the nucleus is subject to a non colinear electric plus magnetic combined interaction. The quadrupole interaction of Ag[7/2, = 40 s] isomer with the electric field gradient in zinc has been established to better than 1% observing its level mixing resonances; and also the ratio of electric field gradients of silver in zinc to cadmium. The electric quadrupole moments of 106 Ag m , 107 Ag m and 109 Ag m have been established combining the level mixing resonances with classical low temperature quadrupole alignment measurements. The experimental values are in good agreement with theoretical calculations based on a semi-microscopical model using Yukawa potential [fr
 12. Observation of electric quadrupole transitions to Rydberg nd states of ultracold rubidium atoms
 NARCIS (Netherlands)
 Tong, D.; Farooqi, S.M.; Kempen, van E.G.M.; Pavlovic, Z.; Stanojevic, J.; Coté, R.; Eyler, E.E.; Gould, P.L.
 2009-01-01
 We report the observation of dipole-forbidden, but quadrupole-allowed, one-photon transitions to high-Rydberg states in Rb. Using pulsed uv excitation of ultracold atoms in a magneto-optical trap, we excite 5s¿nd transitions over a range of principal quantum numbers n=27–59. Compared to
 13. Measurement of the quadrupole moments of the strongly deformed nuclei 18173Ta108 and 18375Re108 by hyperfine interaction in metals
 International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
 Netz, G.
 1974-01-01
 The quadrupole moments of two single particle proton states were measured in the strongly deformed nuclei region. Both measurements are independent of model because the field gradient is known in a rhenium lattice as well as at the nucleus site of a rhenium atom and also at the nucleus site of an incorporated tantalum atom. The quadrupole moments could thus be directly extracted from the quadrupole interaction frequency, the product of quadrupole moment and field gradient. For the 482 keV state (I = 5/2 + ) in 181 73 Ta 108 one obtains a quadrupole moment of: Q (5/2) = 2.5 +- 0.2 barn. For the 496 keV state (I = 9/2 - ) in 183 75 Re 108 , a quadrupole moment of: Q (0/2) = 3.6 +- 0.4 barn is found. This value agrees well with other experimental data within the framework of the collective model. (orig./LH) [de
 14. Development and manufacturing of a Nb$_{3}$Sn quadrupole magnet Model at CEA/Saclay for TESLA Interaction Region
 CERN Document Server
 Durante, Maria; Fratini, M; Leboeuf, D; Segreti, M; Védrine, Pierre; 10.1109/TASC.2004.829129
 2004-01-01
 One possible application of Nb/sub 3/Sn, whose superconducting properties far exceed those of NbTi, is the fabrication of short and powerful quadrupole magnets for the interaction regions of large particle accelerators. In some projects, as in the future linear collider TESLA, the quadrupole magnets are inside the detector solenoid and must operate in its background field. This situation gives singular Lorentz force distribution in the ends of the magnet. To learn about Nb/sub 3/Sn technology, evaluate fabrication techniques and test the interaction with a solenoidal field, DAPNIA /SACM at CEA/Saclay has started the manufacturing of a 1-m-long, 56- mm-single-aperture quadrupole magnet model. The model relies on the same coil geometry as the LHC arc quadrupole magnets, but has no iron yoke. It will produce a nominal field gradient of 211 T/m at 11,870 A. The coils are wound from Rutherford-type cables insulated with glass fiber tape, before being heat-treated and vacuum-impregnated with epoxy resin. Laminated,...
 15. Magnetic quadrupole resonance of electron irradiated aluminium. Electric field gradients surrounding the vacancies and interstitials
 International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
 Andreani, R.; Minier, M.; Minier, C.
 Some aluminium samples were irradiated at 20K with 3MeV electrons. The quadrupole absorption spectra have been obtained after irradiation and annealing, at 50K, 150K and 300K. Coupled conductivity measurements allowed the evolution in defect concentration to be studied. This new method makes it possible to characterize the presence of vacancies independently of the simultaneous existence of bivacancies, interstitials and clusters [fr
 16. Hyperfine interaction of {sup 25}Al in {alpha}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} and its quadrupole moment
 Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
 Matsuta, K., E-mail: _EMAIL_-u.ac.jp; Mihara, M. [Osaka University, Department of Physics (Japan); Nagatomo, T. [RIKEN (Japan); Matsumiya, R. [Osaka University, Department of Physics (Japan); Momota, S. [Kochi University of Technology (Japan); Oh


++ed by:
CJFIELDS POTATOGIM FARACO THALJEF DEMIAN
8 PAUSE users
10 non-PAUSE users.
Christopher Fields
and 1 contributors
NAME
Bio::Map::OrderedPositionWithDistance - Abstracts the notion of a member of an ordered list of markers. Each marker is a certain distance from the one in the ordered list before it.
SYNOPSIS
 use Bio::Map::OrderedPositionWithDistance;
 # the first marker in the sequence
 my $position = Bio::Map::OrderedPositionWithDistance->new(-positions => 1,
 -distance => 22.3 );
 # the second marker in the sequence, 15.6 units from the fist one
 my $position2 = Bio::Map::OrderedPositionWithDistance->new(-positions => 2,
 -distance => 15.6 );
 # the third marker in the sequence, coincidental with the second
 # marker
 my $position3 = Bio::Map::OrderedPositionWithDistance->new(-positions => 3,
 -distance => 0 );
DESCRIPTION
This object is an implementation of the PositionI interface and the Position object handles the specific values of a position. OrderedPositionWithDistance is intended to be slightly more specific then Position but only specific enough for a parser from the MarkerIO subsystem to create and then pass to a client application to bless into the proper type. For an example of how this is intended to work, see the Mapmaker.pm.
No units are assumed here - units are handled by context of which Map a position is placed in.
Se Bio::Map::Position for additional information.
FEEDBACK
Mailing Lists
User feedback is an integral part of the evolution of this and other Bioperl modules. Send your comments and suggestions preferably to the Bioperl mailing list. Your participation is much appreciated.
 _EMAIL_ - General discussion
 _URL_ - About the mailing lists
Support
Please direct usage questions or support issues to the mailing list:
_EMAIL_
rather than to the module maintainer directly. Many experienced and reponsive experts will be able look at the problem and quickly address it. Please include a thorough description of the problem with code and data examples if at all possible.
Reporting Bugs
Report bugs to the Bioperl bug tracking system to help us keep track of the bugs and their resolution. Bug reports can be submitted via the web:
 _URL_
AUTHOR - Chad Matsalla
Email _EMAIL_
CONTRIBUTORS
Lincoln Stein, _EMAIL_ Heikki Lehvaslaiho, heikki-at-bioperl-dot-org
APPENDIX
The rest of the documentation details each of the object methods. Internal methods are usually preceded with a _
new
 Title : new
 Usage : my $obj = Bio::Map::OrderedPositionWithDistance->new();
 Function: Builds a new Bio::Map::OrderedPositionWithDistance object
 Returns : Bio::Map::OrderedPositionWithDistance
 Args : -positions - Should be a single value representing the order
 of this marker within the list of markers
 -distance - The distance this marker is from the marker before it.
 0 reflects coincidentality.
distance($new_distance)
 Title : distance($new_distance)
 Usage : $position->distance(new_distance) _or_
 $position->distance()
 Function: get/set the distance of this position from the previous marker
 Returns : A scalar representing the current distance for this position.
 Args : If $new_distance is provided the distance of this Position will
 be set to $new_distance


text:
Cloud Discovery data anonymization
Cloud Discovery data anonymization enables you to protect user privacy. Once the data log is uploaded to the Cloud App Security portal, the log is sanitized and all username information is replaced with encrypted usernames. This way, all cloud activities are kept anonymous. When necessary, for a specific security investigation (for example, due to a security breach or suspicious user activity), admins can resolve the real username. If an admin has a reason to suspect a specific user, he can also look up the encrypted username of a known username, and then start investigating using the encrypted username. Each username conversion is audited in the portal's Governance log.
- No private information is stored or displayed. Only encrypted information.
- Private data is encrypted using AES-128 with a dedicated key per tenant.
- Resolving usernames is performed ad-hoc, per-username by deciphering a given encrypted username.
How data anonymization works:
There are three ways to apply data anonymization:
You can set the data from a specific log file to be anonymized, by creating a new snapshot report and selecting Anonymize private information.
You can set the data from an automated upload for a new data source to be anonymized by selecting Anonymize private information when you add the new data source.
You can set the default in Cloud App Security to anonymize all data from both snapshot reports from uploaded log files and continuous reports from log collectors as follows:
Under the Settings cog, select Cloud Discovery settings.
In the Anonymization tab, to anonymize usernames by default, select Anonymize private information by default in new reports and data sources.
Under Encryption key, select whether you want to Use the dedicated key generated for your portal or Use a custom key. If you Use a custom key, enter a 16-byte UTF8 encryption key.
- Click Save.
When anonymization is selected, Cloud App Security parses the traffic log and extracts specific data attributes.
- Cloud App Security replaces the username with an encrypted username.
It then analyzes cloud usage data and generates Cloud Discovery reports based on the anonymized data.
For specific investigation, such as investigation of an anomalous usage alert, you can resolve the specific username in the portal and provide a business justification. This page can also be used to look up the encrypted username of a known username.
- Under the Settings cog, select Cloud Discovery settings.
- In the Anonymization tab, under Anonymize and resolve usernames enter a justification for why you are performing the resolution.
- Under Enter username to resolve, select From anonymized and enter the anonymized username, or select To anonymized and enter the original username to resolve. Click Resolve.
The action is audited in the portal's Governance log.


++ed by:
2 PAUSE users
1 non-PAUSE user.
Tomas Doran
 # Terminal 1:
 # Terminal 2:
 $ message-passing --output STDOUT --input ZeroMQ --input_options '{"socket_bind":"tcp://*:5552"}'
A ZeroMQ transport for Message::Passing.
In your application emitting messages, you can either use Message::Passing::Output::ZeroMQ directly, or you can use it via Log::Dispatch::Message::Passing.
 use Log::Dispatch;
 use Log::Dispatch::Message::Passing;
 use Message::Passing::Output::ZeroMQ;
 use Message::Passing::Filter::Encode::JSON;
 my $log = Log::Dispatch->new;
 name =>'myapp_aggregate_log',
 min_level => 'debug',
 output => Message::Passing::Filter::Encode::JSON->new(
 connect => 'tcp://',
All consumers will get a copy of every message.
Both Message::Passing::Input::ZeroMQ and Message::Passing::Output::ZeroMQ support either binding a server or connecting to a remote host, due to the fact that ZeroMQ connections can be in any direction, as noted above.
Therefore, each input or output should have one (but not both!) of the following attributes:
Connects to a remote server, e.g. tcp://
Binds a server and waits for connections from clients, e.g. tcp://*:5222
This defaults to SUB for Message::Passing::Input::ZeroMQ and PUB for Message::Passing::Output::ZeroMQ, however you can override it to PUSH/PULL as appropriate for your use case if desired.
 # The message distributor:
 # Workers
 package MyApp::MessageWorker;
 use Moo;
 sub filter {
 my ($self, $message) = _USER_;
 return undef; # Do not output the message..
 --filter '+MyApp::MessageWorker'
 --output STDOUT
Tomas (t0m) Doran
This module exists due to the wonderful people at Suretec Systems Ltd. who sponsored its development for its VoIP division called SureVoIP for use with the SureVoIP API -
Copyright Suretec Systems 2012.
GNU Affero General Public License, Version 3


text:
A Win for the Birds
Wednesday, July 24, 2019
We won our legal challenge, but there is more work to do.
The City of Bellingham has committed to protecting the Great Blue Heron colony at Post Point adjacent to the sewage treatment plant in Fairhaven for at least three reasons:
City Council ruled that it was in the public interest to do so, the colony is designated a critical area that must be restored and protected under the city's Critical Areas Ordinance, and to be in compliance with the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife's recommendations for managing colonies of great blue herons, a priority species.
To this end, COB established a 197-foot buffer around the colony which is the minimum stipulated by Fish and Wildlife, and in 2003 contracted a wildlife biologist and great blue heron expert to monitor the birds annually and create a colony management plan for the city. Over the next decade, the size of the colony waxed and waned, but it has since become firmly established with 41 active nests counted last year. The birds rely on their existing, known ecosystem, which includes deciduous nesting trees, large conifers for roosting and blocking the wind, room to grow to the east and west of the core area, and healthy foraging areas for food. It is a true miracle that Post Point offers this cramped but intact ecosystem despite the presence of established homes next door on Shorewood Drive, noisy trains and a nearby off-leash dog park. The colony is a precious natural jewel right within our growing city, and worthy of legal, permanent protection—which it now lacks.
When the city required a new clarifier for the sewage treatment plant in 2012, construction encroached upon the designated buffer. We all held our breath hoping the herons wouldn't abandon their nesting site. They did not, in part because construction activity occurred when the herons were not sitting on nests but also because activity was below tree level where they could keep an eye on it; for herons, the real threats come from above (think bald eagles and drones) or any human disturbance at eye-level to their nests that disrupts their courtship and breeding activities and may provoke colony abandonment.
To mitigate the necessary encroachment upon the colony, and in recognition of the unique value the herons bring to our city, the Public Works Department invested upwards of $450,000 to relocate a public trail farther away from the nesting trees, planted native species to make up for lost foraging area, installed educational signage about the great blue herons, and completely restored the Post Point lagoon. This colony is the only one in Bellingham and the birds congregate to nest, but disperse afterward to be seen all over the city where there are little wetlands, shoreline or your treasured koi pond.
A few months ago, COB's Department of Planning and Community Development awarded a Critical Areas Permit to a developer to build two homes on Shorewood Drive within, and adjacent to, the established buffer around the heron colony. In essence, two city departments were working at cross-purposes: Public Works taking action to protect the great blue herons and the Planning Department issuing a permit to build two homes right next to the colony, threatening its survival. And if ever there was a case when our city's Critical Areas Ordinance should have been strictly enforced to protect an environmentally sensitive critical area, in this case an avian Priority Species—before it becomes threatened or endangered—this was it. The permit was issued with variances to the Critical Areas Ordinance, several of which are in direct contradiction to it. A detailed mitigation plan to try and counteract the threats to the colony posed by the development and required for the Critical Areas Permit application, failed on several levels, most egregiously on its misuse of science with regard to tinkering with the required buffer around the colony.
Together with the North Cascades Audubon Society and with help from the local chapter of the Sierra Club, I filed an appeal of the Critical Areas Permit. We set up a GoFundMe campaign to hire a lawyer for the herons, local attorney Philip Buri. Almost 200 people donated to the herons' legal fund, including a nine-year-old schoolgirl and a 94-year-old retiree. Our legal argument was that COB erred in awarding the Critical Areas Permit by violating its own Critical Areas Ordinance, failing to consult with the wildlife biologist on contract with the city, and ignoring Fish & Wildlife's strong language about not adding new human disturbance to an urban great blue heron colony already under enormous pressure from human activity. Building a home within the buffer most certainly threatens the colony, but so does building a home on a steep slope just outside the buffer but eye-level with the nests, as per the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife and the city's own heron expert. Furthermore, the colony is growing so we do not know the location of the 197-foot buffer this year. The wildlife biologist for the city is currently completing her 2019 monitoring report that will include a count and map of active nests and their successful young, as well as an updated Heron Colony Management Plan.
The appeal was scheduled for July 29 before the Hearing Examiner, but the opposing parties (COB, the developer and the landowner) declined to defend their Critical Areas Permit by failing to file pre-hearing briefs thus "sacrificing" the permit, a temporary win for the herons. But the herons are still in harm's way because homes could still be built on Shorewood Drive adjacent to, and eye-level with, the colony. That is, unless we, as the City of Bellingham, decide to finish the job of protecting our Priority Species and create the Post Point Great Blue Heron Reserve. No half measures will do. The reserve must be made up of the current colony and its intact ecosystem, plus the entire undeveloped plat adjacent to the colony on Shorewood Drive. Even one additional home built on Shorewood Drive threatens the survival of the whole colony.
This quote from attorney Philip Buri's pre-hearing brief expresses well our current situation with the Post Point herons:
"We did not destroy the environment overnight. Instead, steady development over 150 years has led to collapsing salmon runs, endangered species, and the lack of wildlife habitat. To end the damage, we must stop the incremental compromises that favor development over protecting critical areas."
We have funds for acquiring essential wildlife habitat through our Greenways levies and the Greenways Advisory Committee signaled its willingness to purchase this same plat three years ago.
Let's do it now.
Maybe Public Works would chip in to help purchase the westernmost part of the plat to increase the buffer between the treatment plant and the steep slope up to the Shorewood neighborhood, returning to the herons buffer that was removed for plant expansion. If necessary, private funds could be raised to seal the deal to create the Post Point Great Blue Heron Reserve. After all, the owner is willing to sell, we have officially acknowledged the value of the birds to our city, we'll install a wildlife cam so children all over Bellingham can watch all the bustling heron activity online, and the timing is perfect to finish the job started in 2003 when the city committed to protecting the only great blue heron colony in town.
Jamie K. Donaldson is a member of the North Cascades Audubon Society and serves as president of the board of the directors of the Bellingham Food Bank. Photo by Linda Wright Photography.


House of Óengus
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
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Royal figure, dressed like a late antique Roman emperor, on the St Andrews Sarcophagus, probably Óengus I of the Picts.
The House of Óengus can refer to a still theoretical dynasty of Pictland who may have ruled as Kings of the Picts, as well as overlords of the Kings of Dál Riata and possibly of all of northern Great Britain, for approximately a century from the 730s to the 830s AD. Their first ruler of Pictland was the great Óengus I of the Picts, who may be the figure carved into the St Andrews Sarcophagus pictured on the right.
Origins and identity
Early (but not contemporary) Irish genealogies make Óengus a member of the Eóganachta of Munster, as a descendant of Coirpre Cruithnechán or "Cairbre the little Pict", a legendary emanation or double of Coirpre Luachra mac Cuirc,[1] son of Conall Corc,[2] and ancestor of the Eóganacht Locha Léin, rulers of the kingdom of Iarmuman. An early cycle of tales have Conall Corc traveling to Pictland early in his career, and there taking the daughter of the Pictish king as his first wife, hence Coirpre's epithet. The branch of the kindred, called in the annals the Eoghanachta Magh Geirginn, from which he came were said to be located in an area known as Circinn, usually associated with modern Angus and the Mearns.[3] The genealogy appears in the Rawlinson B 502 manuscript, ¶1083:
This states the king of Pictland with whom Conall Corc stayed to have been Feradach Find Fechtnach, and his daughter, Conall's first wife and Coirpre's mother, to have been Mongfind. After discussing Corc's progeny in Munster, the future Eóganachta of history, the passage concludes with:
This states that from Coirpre Cruithnechán come a sept of the Eóganachta in Alba called the Eóganacht Maige Gerginn, to whom belongs Óengus I.
Notably lacking are over two centuries of generations in Scotland. Conall Corc is said to have flourished in the early 5th century. Óengus I belongs to the 8th.
This pedigree has been dismissed as inspired by the tales of Conall Corc. Francis John Byrne puts this in the context of the (wider) Gaelicisation of Pictland in the 9th century, and notes how later Scottish dynasties such as the Lennoxes and the House of Stuart also found Corc to be a "usefully respectable" Gaelic ancestor.[4]
In an exhaustive criticism of the legends, David Sproule finds that the Picts are probably a literary addition, and that the Pictish king Feredach is probably inspired by Fidach, father of Crimthann mac Fidaig, who precedes Corc on the throne of Munster but is more widely known as "King of Ireland and Alba". As Mongfind is the sister of Crimthann in most Irish legends, it follows that she would be Corc's wife. Sproule also notes that a journey to Alba is common in Irish legend, and further that Feradach Finnfechtnach is the name of an earlier Irish King of Tara who has convenient associations with Alba of his own.[5]
Feredach can also be found as the name of several figures belonging both to the Picts and Dál Riata, for example the father of Ciniod I of the Picts.
Irish associations
Regardless of his pedigree, Óengus I of the Picts was a monarch with clear Irish associations.
Another member of this family may have been Domnall mac Caustantín, a possible king of Dál Riata.
 1. Byrne, pp. 193-4, 291
 2. In any case, contacts between Scotland and distant Munster are known from the earliest times. The early Dál Riata were said to have lived in West Munster (Iarmuman) before migrating to Ulster and western Scotland.
 3. Forsyth, "Evidence of a lost Pictish source", pp. 27–28.
 4. Byrne, p. 194
 5. Sproule 1985


System concept
Figure below provides an overview of the HumSAT system concept:
HumSAT system concept
System applications
The HumSAT system will provide a generic communications service commonly known as "storage and forward", above which the different users of the system will be expected to build and define their own applications.
Nevertheless, several killer applications can be identified as the core set of applications for whom the HumSAT system is expected to provide its services:
 1. Autonomous climate change control measurements; for instance, in-situ measurements of wind speed and direction in several locations of the Atlantic Ocean or for continuously monitoring the temperature at different points in the Arctic Ocean.
 2. Low data-rate communications support in infrastructures-less areas like, for example, certain areas of developing countries or unhabitated areas like the Sahara Desert.
 3. Emergency beacon localization, for providing support in humanitarian initiatives or in emergencies (natural disasters, accidents… etc.)


text:
What is a brownfield?
Brownfields are contaminated and abandoned properties. They can be found in big cities, small towns, suburbs and rural areas. Left untouched, brownfields pose environmental, legal and financial burdens on communities and taxpayers. The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation works with other state and federal agencies, local governments, developers, and businesses to clean up these sites so that the land can once again be put to useful purposes. Many cleaned up brownfields sites have been used to develop businesses, parks and recreational areas, and housing. Remediated brownfield sites also create jobs, improve the local economy, and boost neighborhood pride.
Environmental Cleanup & Brownfields
definition of a brownfield

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Endowed Professorship $750,000
An endowed professorship is usually named by the donor and held by a faculty member who has demonstrated exceptional teaching skills and has achieved distinction in his/her field. An endowed professorship exists in perpetuity.
The professorship provides funds for the annual salary of a Luther professor. The endowment also provides additional annual funds for the professor to conduct a specific research project, to attend a professional conference, or to engage in a similar activity that will enhance his/her knowledge, ability to teach, and reputation in the discipline.
To learn more, read about faculty currently appointed to Luther's endowed professorships and chairs.


Lite Touch
Inside the Task Sequence – Generate Application Migration File
Today during class we worked on Refresh and Replace scenarios. We touched based on a tiny step in the Task Sequence that is actually really cool. In the Task Sequence for Lite Touch (MDT Standalone) there is one step that does not exist in Zero Touch and that is the "Generate Application Migration File" step.
That little step will do a really smart thing, it will basically make sure that registered file types that can be open with an application will automatically be saved by USMT. It does that by grabbing all non-default file types and then check if there is a corresponding application that can open the file by examining the registry.
image
The "Generate Application Migration File" step.
So, what's cool about that step?
If you open the file it states:
' // Purpose: Generate an XML file for automatically capturing user data
' // (documents) associated with installed applications.
And if you continue looking in the file you will see the flow, like this:
' Determine the version of USMT to use
' Create the file and write the standard header
' Get the list of all registry keys in HKCR
' Look at all file extensions to see if they map to an application
' Read the default value to see what app is associated with this extension
' See if the file can be opened (has a shell\open\command handler)
' Add it to the XML file
' Write the rest of the XML file
' Make sure the ZTIUserState.wsf script knows to use this script
' Cleanup and Exit
So, that is why you don't need to spend a whole lot of time on USMT when doing Lite Touch.
Try It out
If you would like to see what it actually collects, you can run this interactive, that way it will generate a XML file. If you open it up you will then see what it would have migrated and not.
Open an elevated Command Prompt and execute the following:
cscript \\MDTSERVER\MDTSHARE\Scripts\ZTIAppXmlGen.wsf /capture
You will get an output that looks like this:
image
If you then open the XML (It is going to be located in C:\MININT\SMSOSD\OSDLOGS and named ZTIAppXmlGen.xml its going to look something like this
image
/mike
6 replies »
 1. You modify the default file （ZTIAppXmlGen.wsf ）in mdt ，is this ok？can I use directly migapp.xml in usmt5 ,then copy migapp.xml to \\MDTSERVER\MDTSHARE\Scripts\, next modify the file name is ZTIAppXmlGen.wsf，is this ok？thanks ,I hope you can reply to me。
 - ZTIAppXmlGen.wsf is something you don't touch,Why are not the same of your content files（ztiappxmlgen.wsf) and the content files(ztiappxmlgen.wsf)inside mdt.
 inside mdt conten files is:
 _URL_
 default ztiappxmlgen.xml migrate data is What effect？
 2. ZTIAppXmlGen.wsf is a script that generates the ztiappxmlgen.xml and add that file to the list that should be used for migration. The basic idea is to add known file extension and migrate that data, that is what I describe in the blog post. If you need to add items manually (files, registry values) you should create your own XML files. The ZTIAppXmlGen.wsf is not supported to change and there is basically no reason to do so either. I recommend you to look basic understanding on how USMT works, _URL_
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Can removing tattoo cause cancer? – Tattoo Removal Laser Sound
The most frequent reason for a woman to get a tattooed body part is either 'self-expression' (to get a tattoo and feel better about her appearance) or, less often, as an attempt to escape an embarrassing situation (e.g. 'he's always asking if I'm anorexic').
Infectious diseases: HIV/AIDS and Chlamydia
This has been the cause of so many painful scars (from a chlamydia or a venereal disease). A tattooed nipple has caused an infection in the skin (injecting your blood into the nipple causes an infection on the underside of the breast, which makes the tattoo disappear).
It's also well known that people with HIV/AIDS can cause a tattooed penis to disappear after they have been diagnosed with this disease.
There is no proof that a tattooed penis causes infection like this.
There are many different types of infections caused by diseases which most women are usually protected against.
There is an association between getting chlamydia and getting a tattooed penis, however people may be too embarrassed (and/or do not realise how bad the symptoms are) and not ask their healthcare provider about this as they don't want to be embarrassed.
Some women find the experience of having their body tattooed offensive to the penis and that this makes them want to hide the whole thing
Some women consider having their genitals tattooed offensive because the artist puts their own personal branding on them. Some women may find it offensive to have their genitals tattooed because they feel uncomfortable or ashamed of it. A tattoo may be too personal and painful for some women.
Having a tattooing operation also prevents women's fertile periods. Therefore, they often have a problem with pregnancy without being able to conceive. If they are pregnant, the baby could be born with a severe congenital deformity.
The vagina is also known to be more likely to get infected with STDs than most other parts of the body.
A woman with HIV or herpes can get a tattooed penis with little or no warning or indication
Many women with HIV/AIDS also get an erection and have the ink fall on the skin of the penis or their anus. This can cause serious infections when the tattoo is removed.
Some women may even find the experience of having their genitals tattooed offensive to the penis. Some don't
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text:
Set the speaker's wireless playback quality to Priority on stable connection.
- Connect the speaker to the wall outlet with the AC adapter and power on the speaker. The power indicator lights up in green.
- Press the FUNCTION button repeatedly until the Bluetooth indicator lights up.
- While holding the volume [+] button, press the FUNCTION/PAIRING button until the AUDIO IN indicator flashes.
- When the mode changes to SBC (Priority on stable connection), the AUDIO IN indicator flashes once.
- When the mode changes to AUTO, the AUDIO IN indicator flashes three times.
If the problem persists, try the solution below:


text:
Logical Reasoning is a separate section in all MBA entrance exams and you require a special aptitude to clear this section. Logical Reasoning depends on how well one is able to rationalize and reason out the given proposition to justify the conclusion. It does not depend on common sense and in many cases defies common sense.
For instance, a proposition such as
All cats are dogs
No dogs are animals
∴No cats are animals
might not make sense in the common understanding of how things are but is a valid statement in logical reasoning, arising out of the process of deduction.
1. Learn the terminology
Like any other domain, logical reasoning too has its own set of terms that one needs to be acquainted with before attempting the section. Terms such as Premise, Assumption, Conclusion, Argument, Observation, Inference, various types of statements and so on. Familiarising yourself with all this is necessary before you think of mastering this section.
2. An eye for patterns
Aspirants can expect facing patterns that they don't normally see in their daily lives. Such patterns test their logical reasoning skills and, also, how they anticipate and complete these patterns. Aspirants need to train themselves to carefully examine these patterns and through a reasoned guess, find the answer. For instance, questions such as,
Please enter the missing figure: 4, 5, 8, 17, 44,
The correct answer is B because the difference between the numbers follows the series 1,3,9,27,81. Aspirants need to familiarise themselves with such questions and be able to think about the answer as quickly as possible.
There is no substitute for practice when it comes to logical reasoning. Given the dynamic nature of questions that form a part of it, it is difficult to find a set structure to solving such questions. Though, some pattern of solving these questions can be worked out, the level of difficulty may vary from question to question, the trick to be applied to each question may vary. For this, the aspirant has to solve a wide range of questions to feel reasonably confident about this section.
4. Time management
Logical Reasoning is a section that can exhaust the time of the aspirant very quickly as it requires application of mind. So, speed is crucial. The aspirant should be able to finish a question in this section without wasting much time. For this, the preparation of the aspirant needs to be excellent and while preparing, the aspirant ought to keep a check on the speed at which he/ she is solving questions and adjust accordingly.
5. Train your mind
Logical Reasoning is a mental process and needs the mind to be at its sharpest best. For this, the aspirants need to work on their mental skills before the exam and make it a habit. Activities such as solving Sudoku, crosswords, playing chess, eating well, sleeping well and exercise are some of the activities which help in sharpening the mind. A sharp mind will decode the patterns and structures of the questions more accurately and speedily.
Logical Reasoning is not difficult to do if you get used to solving these questions. A methodical approach towards such questions will enable you to handle them effectively.
|Logical Reasoning||CAT 2020 Exam Details|
|5 Best Ways To Improve On Logical Reasoning||Reasoning By Analogy Is A Process|
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Desert Wheatear: Explore his Natural Habitat
When it comes to the Desert Wheatear that means talking about suffering and Survival methods in deserts and harsh life in dry areas. I will explore with you the life of this bird that masters the art of survival in the desert.
I will take you on an imaginary trip to know all information about this bird and all aspects of its life, how it survives in the harsh desert, the hunting strategies that it uses, its look, and size, from what it brings water and food, and threats and risks it faces and everything about it.
Photo credit: _URL_
Description:
Desert wheatear or (Oenanthe deserti) is a small bird that's found in arid and semi-arid regions with other types of birds such as the Egyptian Nightjar and Desert Sparrow in north Africa and Central Asia, and the middle east. This bird is almost 14cm in length and weighs around 20-25gram.
It has a distinctive appearance in which its back and head are grey and the wings are also grey but there are black parts under it, and there is a black patch around its eyes. The underparts of the bird are white with a black tail and a white patch on its rump. The male and female are similar in all but they are different in size and the male is large a little than the female.
Why is it called Desert Wheatear?
The name "desert wheatear" refers to its appearance, it has a unique appearance as it has a plumage wheat-colored, orange color that makes it aligns with desert and harsh areas views.
And "wheatear" comes from an old English term "white-ære" which means "white-rumped" and refers to the distinctive white patch on the bird's rump.
And "Oenanthe deserti " is the scientific name, it is derived from the Greek words "oinos" which means wine, and "anthros" which means flower, Then the process of combining these two words to give us "Oenanthe" this name refers to a kind of plant genus which includes several species that have aromatic roots and were traditionally used to flavor wine. And "deserti" refers to the original place of this bird And that is the desert.
Are wheatears rare?
Desert wheatear is generally rare and each bird lives in desert and semi-deserts mostly being rare because of the harsh environment that they live in. as it hard to find water and food in empty and harsh areas like deserts Despite all attempts, nature is cruel for it and didn't find the suitable environment to live a healthy life and reproduce in peace.
Why Are Wheatears Rare?
There are many factors that make the wheatears rare from humans and by nature because these small birds live in so hard areas where food and drink are reduced, so hard to find it, and the temperature is so high in summer in these places. And there is another reason for that's the low reproductive rate, which this kind of bird is known by this, which produces low than other kinds of birds this is what makes their number less. And another reason is migration patterns which this type of wheatears move a lot from one place to another in each season of the year since they are vulnerable to threats such as habitat loss and hunting while they move.
There are other factors but this time from humans because humans do some activities that damage this bird and actually others not only, these activities like Human disturbance, this bird is very sensitive and loves calm and quiet places, as the noise of cars and the noise that a person makes in his activities and daily life may make him leave his nest and search for another quiet place suitable for quiet living, but he may have problems while moving and this may affect his reproduction.
There were some factors that can be a reason why wheaters are rare in the desert since we explain two sides, the side from humans and the other side from nature, for that I will say to you birds are cute creatures and peaceful, they make our life and nature so beautiful and makes it a great impression, we should take care about it and to try not to disturb them and perform them.
What are some distinguishing characteristics and behaviors of Desert Weatear?
This bird is different from the other types of birds and against to Pharaoh Eagle Owl because it spends most of its time on the ground looking for wheat, it's founded almost on farms feeding on all of our grain, and wheat and worms are available on the farm.
This wheatear is also known for its distinctive vocalizations, these types of birds have a range of calls and songs that they use to communicate with each other. And they use it in the mating season, where the male uses it to attract the attention of the female, and the process takes place. The female uses a more gentle and soft voice to tell the male that he also likes her and that she is able to mate.
In addition to their vocalizations, physical movements, and visual signals, where, for example, they gather with a group of other birds and display their movements, such as blowing their chests, singing, and spreading their wings, in addition to any pursuit of competition between males. As for females, they use head and tail movements to indicate their interest in a male.
What are the specific strategies that Desert Wheatear uses to bring food and water?
As we know guys this bird lives in deserts where the food is so little, so he must have a strategy to survive in these hard areas to live.
the first strategy is to stay all day looking for dry herbs where it founds some wheatear, these herbs, it gets also some water because these herbs contain water inside although they look solid and echinococcus from the exterior.
the second strategy and food source are insects, under these herbs it founds insects were found in the shadows to protect themselves from the high temperature.
and because of the food and water minority in the desert, they take refuge to save food on their nests in the holes, and they try to not move a lot in midday when the temperature is high to not lose a lot of water.
How does desert wheatear build its nests?
desert whatear nest
Desert Wheatears guys have specific nesting habits and reproductive behaviors suited to their harsh desert environments. They typically construct their nests on the ground, often in protected areas such as crevices, rock formations, or low vegetation. The nests are cup-shaped and constructed using a variety of materials like twigs, grass, and feathers.
The breeding season for Desert Wheatears usually begins in the spring. During this time, the males engage in courtship displays to attract females. These displays often involve singing, flight displays, and various physical movements to showcase their fitness and attractiveness.
Once a male successfully courts a female, they engage in pair bonding, and the female selects a suitable nesting site. The female then lays a clutch of eggs, typically ranging from 3 to 6 eggs, depending on the species and environmental conditions. The eggs are incubated by both the male and female, taking turns to keep the eggs warm until they hatch.
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