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Type of entity
Authorized form of name
Parallel form(s) of name
Standardized form(s) of name according to other rules
Other form(s) of name
Identifiers for corporate bodies
Dates of existence
Leslie Curry was born in November 1922 in Newcastle-on-Tyne, England. He received the standard grammar school education and at the age of 18 volunteered for the Royal Navy and served in Egypt and Normandy. After the war he attended Kings College at the University of Durham, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in geography and economics in 1949. Two years later he received a masters' degree in geography from Johns Hopkins University while he was a Fulbright Scholar. He worked as an economist at the United Nations and then at Charles Warren Thornthwaite's Laboratory of Climatology in Seabrook, New Jersey. His doctoral degree in geography was awarded from the University of Auckland in New Zealand in 1959.
While at the University of Auckland, he was employed as Lecturer from _PHONE_. He then accepted a position as Assistant Professor in the Department of Geography at the University of Maryland (_PHONE_). In 1964, he moved to the University of Toronto as Associate Professor in the Department of Geography. He moved up the ranks to full Professor in 1965. He was appointed Professor Emeritus following his retirement in 1985. Following his retirement he moved with his second wife, Caryl Pines Curry, to Annapolis, Maryland
In analyzing his body of work, Prof. Curry is described as a "modeler, using stochastic analysis to delve deeply into processes, especially economic, that produce the patters and flows of the world."
Prof. Curry was the recipient of the Canadian Association of Geographers' Award for Scholarly Distinction in 1977 and the first professor from the University of Toronto to receive the International Geographical Union's prestigious Lauréat d'Honneur 2000. The IGU citation describes him as " ' a scholar who by way of his contributions in climatology, economic geography and spatial analysis has challenged established lines of thinking and provided valuable new insights into the ways whereby human behavior shapes the world we live in. Professor Curry's theoretical studies in economic geography, especially studies that draw upon the mathematics of probability theory and the concepts of physical systems analysis, have been unmatched in their originality and rigor and have established his international reputation as one of the leading theoreticians in the discipline.' "
He died at his home in Annapolis, Maryland on January 12, 2009.
"In memoriam: Professor Emeritus Leslie Curry" by Dave Unwin. Published online by the Quantitative Methods Research Group (QMRG). Royal Geographical Society. 2009/04/13.


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The Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum will offer perspective on country music's latest chapter with the opening of American Currents: State of the Music, on Friday, March 12. The exhibit runs through Feb. 6, 2022.
Presented annually, American Currents: State of the Music represents the ongoing research and analysis among curators and museum staff to determine the most significant developments in country music over the previous year.
"As a museum, we document and report on country music history – past and present. Each year through the American Currents: State of the Music exhibit, we explore the music and events that helped to shape it," said Kyle Young, CEO, Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum. "Amid a global health crisis, a renewed push for social justice, and more, the powerful role of country music and the stories told through it remained constant."
Those recognized in this year's exhibition through artifacts on display are: Gabby Barrett, Casey Beathard, Eric Church, Luke Combs, Dan + Shay, Mickey Guyton, Miranda Lambert, Ashley McBryde, Rissi Palmer, John Prine, Sister Sadie, Billy Strings and Eddie Stubbs.
The exhibit's Unbroken Circle illustrates the connection between country music's past and present by pairing artists with those who have influenced them or share musical perspectives. Those represented through artifacts are Jimmie Allen and Darius Rucker; Ingrid Andress and Faith Hill; Charley Crockett and Freddy Fender; and Dierks Bentley's Hot Country Knights and the Statler Brothers' Lester "Roadhog" Moran & the Cadillac Cowboys.
American Currents: State of the Music also features a video compilation of important country music moments from 2020, including clips of The Chicks, Maren Morris and Country Music Hall of Fame member Dolly Parton.
Within this exhibition, the museum also reports the past year's chart-topping country albums, singles and highest-grossing tours as reported by Billboard and Pollstar by listing the names of those artists who were at the top of the charts. Included in this list for calendar year 2020 are Barrett (#1 single), Combs (#1 and #2 albums), Dan + Shay with Justin Bieber (#3 single), Lambert (#3 in ticket sales), Morris (#2 single), Country Music Hall of Fame member George Strait (#1 in ticket sales), Blake Shelton (#2 in ticket sales) and Morgan Wallen (#3 album).
Special Video Presentation
During the video program, Luke Combs and Rissi Palmer will discuss the past year – how it changed their perspectives and how they managed to stay creative and positive during troubling times. Combs, Palmer and Billy Strings, who are each featured in this year's exhibition, will also perform.
Country Music Hall of Fame Member and Museum Board President Vince Gill will introduce the exhibition and the program. Additionally, CEO Kyle Young will share remarks highlighting the artists, musicians, songwriters and stories featured in the most recent installment of the American Currents: State of the Music exhibition, which is located in the museum's ACM Gallery.
For more information about American Currents: State of the Music, visit _URL_.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Chain Bridge (Budapest)
The Széchényi Chain Bridge, named after István Széchenyi, was the first permanent bridge across the Danube between Pest and Buda.
Cầu treo kiểu xích - Cầu xích, Budapest, Széchényi, Clark, Pest, Buda, Danube, Budapest, Thời đại cải cách Hungary, kiến trúc, cầu, vận chuyển, cầu treo, cột đá
Các mục liên quan
Types of bridges include beam-, arch-, suspension-, cantilever and truss bridges.
Clothing reflects the lifestyle and culture of the region's inhabitants.
The suspension bridge that stretches above the strait between San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean was opened in 1937.
The first paddle steamer in Hungary entered service in 1846.
Độ dài khung kim loại của các cây cầu thay đổi khi nhiệt độ thay đổi.
One of the main settings in the well-known Hungarian youth novel was a timberyard.
Medieval Venice owed its wealth to its flourishing maritime trade.
In the Tudor Era around 200 buildings were built on the bridge across the River Thames.
Leonardo's creative legacy also includes several projects related to bridges. This unusual swing bridge allowed for undisturbed water traffic.
King Darius as well as Xerxes built pontoon bridges across the Bosphorus for the Persian army.


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This unique, new ASTM publication gives you a global perspective of various wooden monuments that are part of the great architectural heritage of Russia, the former Soviet States, Scandinavia, other European countries, and the United States. In addition to historical background, it details the latest techniques used in restoring and preserving these fragile wooden constructions. Much of the information is translated into English for the first time. 19 peer-reviewed papers are grouped into the following chapters:
A Primer on Wood Heritage--discusses the history of the northern Slav wood-built heritage from a worldwide point of view.
The Church of the Transfiguration on Kizhi Island--concentrates on this 18th Century masterpiece of log engineering and UNESCO World heritage site, located in Karelia, Russia. Topics include structural problems, wood condition, monitoring deformations, restoration, and reinforcement concepts.
Challenges of Log Structures--discusses the latest evaluation, conservation, and restoration techniques in northern and eastern Europe. This section also covers certain environmental problems, including how toxic chemicals used in wood preservation can affect the environment and human health.
Challenges of Frame Structures--details various preservation strategies used on wood frame structures in western Europe and the United States.
Special Studies--concentrates on two special conservation cases dealing with the totem poles of Sitka, Alaska and historic wooden structures from abandoned research colonies in Antarctica.
Wood Structures: Global Forum on the Treatment, Conservation, and Repair of Cultural Heritage

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


How to Change Differential Fluid
Co-authored by wikiHow Staff | 13 References
Updated: March 29, 2019
Explore this Article Locating the Differential Draining the Differential Refilling the Differential Article Summary Questions & Answers Related Articles
Like any lubricant, the fluid in an all-wheel drive or four-wheel drive vehicle's rear differential will eventually break down and need to be replaced. In most applications, the fluid in your rear differential should be replaced every 12,000 to 50,000 miles to ensure the gears within are properly lubricated.[1] Replacing differential fluid at regular intervals will prolong the lifespan of the vehicle. This project requires only common hand tools and a container to catch and seal the old fluid in.
Part 1
Locating the Differential
 1. 1
 Purchase the right differential fluid. It is extremely important that you determine the correct type of differential fluid for your vehicle. Ask the clerk at your local auto parts store to help you find the correct fluid to use.[2]
 - Be sure to provide the year, make and model of your vehicle to get the right fluid.
 - Your vehicle's owner's manual should also indicate the correct type of differential fluid to use.
 2. 2
 Jack the car up. Be sure the vehicle is parked on a level surface that is strong enough to support the weight of the vehicle centralized beneath the jack. Black top or concrete are the optimal surfaces. Slide the jack beneath the vehicle at one of its designated jack points and use the handle to jack the vehicle up off the ground.[3]
 - If you are unsure of where the designated jack points are for the rear of your vehicle, refer to the owner's manual for guidance.
 - Never jack up a vehicle on grass, gravel or dirt.
 3. 3
 Support the vehicle with jack stands. Never work beneath a vehicle that is supported only by a jack. Once the vehicle is jacked up to a sufficient height, slide jack stands under the vehicle at another designated jack point.[4]
 - Jacks may lower the vehicle unexpectedly while you're beneath it.
 - Lower the vehicle onto the jack stands slowly to ensure they are positioned correctly.
 4. 4
 Locate the differential and drain bolt. The rear differential is located between the two rear wheels of the vehicle. While it is not always located directly in the center of the vehicle, it is usually close to the middle. The differential may resemble a basketball or a pumpkin, prompting some to refer to it as "the pumpkin" of the vehicle.[5]
 - Along the bottom of the differential there is a bolt that can be removed to drain the fluid.
 - The drain bolt will resemble the one you might remove from an oil pan to drain the oil from the engine.
Part 2
Draining the Differential
 1. 1
 Place a container beneath the differential. Make sure you have a sealable container to catch the old differential fluid as you drain it from the vehicle. Place the container beneath the drain bolt so the fluid will pour into the container once you remove it.[6]
 - Used differential fluid will need to be brought to a certified recycling location.
 - Do not mix old differential fluid with oil or gasoline.
 2. 2
 Remove the drain bolt. Use a hand or socket wrench of the appropriate size to turn the drain bolt counter-clockwise to loosen it. Once the bolt is hand loose, use your hand to unscrew it while applying pressure inward to keep it from leaking as you loosen the plug. Once it is completely unthreaded, pull the plug away and let the fluid pour out.[7]
 - You may want to wear gloves to avoid getting old differential fluid on your hands.
 - Make sure the vehicle is cool when doing this otherwise the fluid may burn you.
 3. 3
 Allow the fluid to drain completely. It may take a few minutes for the differential fluid to drain out completely. Make sure the container is positioned properly and does not overflow as the fluid drains out.[8]
 - Allow the differential to drain until there is only a slow drip of fluid remaining.
 - Seal the container once the differential has finished draining for storage and transport to a recycling center.
 4. 4
 Replace the drain bolt and wipe down the area. Once the differential is empty, use your hand to thread the drain bolt back into place, then use the wrench to tighten it until the differential is once again sealed.[9]
 - Do not overtighten the drain bolt. It only needs to be tight enough to provide a seal.
 - Be sure to use the correct size wrench to avoid stripping or damaging the head of the bolt.
Part 3
Refilling the Differential
 1. 1
 Locate and remove the differential fill bolt. With the differential drain bolt in place, locate the fill bolt near the top of the differential. In some vehicles, you will not be able to see it easily, but you should be able to feel it if it is on the top. Many vehicles now place the filler bolt on the back side of the differential for easier access.[10]
 - Use a hand or socket wrench to remove the filler bolt.
 - Set the bolt aside some place safe so you don't lose it as you fill the differential.
 2. 2
 Insert a pump into the differential fluid. Use a hand pump to fill the differential with fluid. You will not be able to pour the fluid directly in because of the angle. Hand pumps come in a number of varieties and will allow you to pump the fluid out of the container from beneath the differential.[11]
 - Open the seal on the top of the differential fluid and insert the inlet hose or tube for the hand pump.
 - Be careful not to tip the differential fluid over with the pump as you get situated beneath the differential.
 3. 3
 Slowly pump the fluid into the differential. Crank or pump the hand pump to introduce new fluid into the differential. Continue to pump until you reach the maximum capacity listed in the vehicle's owner's manual or until you see fluid start to seep out of the filler hole.[12]
 - You can purchase hand pumps at most auto parts stores.
 - Check the automaker's website for maximum capacities if you do not have an owner's manual.
 4. 4
 Replace the fill bolt. Once the differential is full of new fluid, replace the filler bolt with your hand, then tighten it using the wrench. Ensure the filler and drain bolts are both secure and wipe them down with a rag so you will be able to identify any leaking in the future.[13]
 - Take the vehicle for a short drive, then check to ensure neither bolt is leaking.
 - If you spot a leak, tighten the bolts and wipe them down again.
Community Q&A
Search
Add New Question
 - Question
 How often should I change the differential fluid?
 Community Answer
 Most people never do. It should be checked periodically, and topped off as necessary. There is a fill hole on the side of the box, and the oil should come up to the side of the hole. Check your car owner's manual if you want to change it in order to determine the intervals that it should be checked and changed.
 - Question
 How much should it cost on average to change the differential fluid?
 Community Answer
 All you will need to purchase for this project (assuming you have the tools) is the differential fluid. There are a variety of options to choose from that may range in price from as little as $10 to as much as $50, depending on the application and brand.
 - Question
 Will replacing the rear end fluid make my vehicle quieter?
 Community Answer
 It may, but it depends on whether the noise is from the differential, the U joints, or even the wheel bearing/hub. It couldn't hurt to change it though.
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 Article SummaryX
 To change your car's differential fluid, start by jacking up the car and supporting it with jack stands to ensure that the vehicle is at a sufficient height. Next, place a container under the differential to catch the fluid, and remove the drain bolt with a hand or socket wrench. Once all the fluid is drained, replace the drain bolt and remove the differential fill bolt. Then, use a hand pump to fill the differential with new fluid until you see fluid seep out of the filler hole. Finally, replace the fill bolt and go for a short drive to make sure neither bolt is leaking. To learn more, including how to purchase the right type of differential fluid for your car, keep reading!
 Did this summary help you?
 Article Info
 This article was co-authored by our trained team of editors and researchers who validated it for accuracy and comprehensiveness. Together, they cited information from 13 references.
 Categories: Vehicle Fuels and Fluids
 In other languages:
 Русский: заменить дифференциальную жидкость
 Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 92,016 times.
 Did this article help you?


weakly connected digraph
weakly connected digraph
[¦wēk·lē kə‚nek·təd ′dī‚graf]
(mathematics)
A directed graph whose underlying graph is a connected graph.
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms, 6E, Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
References in periodicals archive ?
* A rooted tree is a weakly connected digraph with one vertex which has out-degree 0, while all other vertices have out-degree 1.
Corollary 4.2 Let D be a weakly connected digraph on Q with unique return paths.
We will consider both strongly connected digraphs (where for each pair of vertices x, y there exists a directed path from x to y) and weakly connected digraphs (where each pair of vertices is connected by some undirected path) (that is the underlying undirected graph is connected).


Ilan Manouach
Ilan Manouach (Athens, 1980) is a multidisciplinary artist with a specific interest in conceptual comics. His book works claim for the importance of comics as a materially self-reflexive medium, unaffiliated to any general history of the medium. Since 2014, he concentrates his practice around Shapereader, a community-specific tactile constructed language, initially designed and conceptualized for the purposes of visually impaired users that promotes an embodied textual experience. In addition, he works as a book publisher and a musician. He is a PhD researcher at the Aalto University.


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Plan the interview so that each objective is given adequate time
Listen to the patient's concerns about TB and its treatment
Share information freely with the patient
6.17. What are four conditions that encourage effective interviews?Because it is important to make the patient as comfortable as possible, the health care worker should ensure that the interview takes place under conditions that encourage effective communication. These conditions include
- Arranging for privacy and maintaining confidentiality and assuring the patient that all information will be kept private
- Creating an environment relatively free of distractions and interruptions
- Listening attentively and respectfully to the patient (for example, sit down near the patient and use open, relaxed body language)
- Being objective and nonjudgmental (for example, be patient, not accusatory, and never show frustration)
6.18. If the patient is not able to recall all of his or her contacts at the initial interview, what can the health care worker do to obtain more information about contacts?
The health care worker should realize that the patient may not be able to recall all of the names of possible contacts at the initial interview, especially if the interview occurs around the same time as the diagnosis. The health care worker should provide the patient with an opportunity to provide other contacts as they are remembered. The health care worker can encourage the patient to phone the health department if he or she remembers other contacts. In addition, the health care worker should schedule a follow-up interview with the patient to identify more contacts.
6.19. What is a field investigation?A field investigation means visiting the patient's home or shelter, workplace (if any), and the other places where the patient said he or she spent time while infectious. The field investigation is important and should be done even if the patient interview has already been conducted. The purpose of the field investigation is to identify contacts and evaluate the environmental characteristics of the place in which exposure occurred. The field investigation may provide additional information for the risk assessment and identify additional contacts.
6.20. List six tasks a health care worker should perform during a field investigation.During field visits, the health care worker should
Observe environmental characteristics such as room size, crowding, and ventilation, to estimate the risk of TB transmission
Identify additional contacts (especially children) and their locating information, such as phone numbers and addresses
Look for evidence of other contacts who may not be present at the time of the visit (for example, pictures of others who may live in or visit the house, shoes of others who may live in the house, or toys left by children)
Interview and skin test close contacts who are present and arrange for reading of the results
Educate the contacts about the purpose of a contact investigation, the basics of transmission, the risk of transmitting M. tuberculosis to others, and the importance of testing, treatment, and follow-up for TB infection and disease
Refer contacts who have TB symptoms to the health department for a medical evaluation, including sputum collection
6.21. List three general safety precautions that are recommended for the health care workers who conduct field investigations.
- Wearing an identity badge with a current photo
- Working in pairs when visiting a potentially dangerous area
- Informing someone of your itinerary and expected time of return, especially if you anticipate problems
6.22. What three main factors should be considered in the risk assessment for TB transmission?The risk of transmission depends on three main factors:
- The infectiousness of the TB patient
- The environmental characteristics of each place
- The characteristics of the contact's exposure
6.23. Why is it important to know the period of infectiousness?It is important to estimate the period of infectiousness because it helps determine which contacts have actually been exposed to TB. Contacts who spent time with the patient during the period of infectiousness are at higher risk for exposure and infection.
6.24. Name three environmental characteristics that would put contacts at higher risk of infection.
The risk of TB transmission in a particular place depends on the concentration of infectious droplet nuclei in the air -- that is, the number of droplet nuclei in a certain amount of air. The patient's infectiousness affects the concentration of droplet nuclei. In addition, the concentration of droplet nuclei depends on three environmental characteristics:
- Size of the room
- Amount of ventilation
- Presence of air cleaning systems
6.25. Which contacts are at higher risk of becoming infected?The following contacts are at higher risk for significant TB exposure, and so are most likely to become infected:
- Contacts exposed to patients with a high degree of infectiousness based on the following factors: laryngeal or pulmonary TB, AFB sputum smear-positive, cavitary disease on chest x-ray, cough, positive culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Contacts exposed to the patient in small or crowded rooms, areas that are poorly ventilated, or areas without air-cleaning systems
- Contacts who frequently spend a lot of time with the patient, or have been physically close to the patient
6.26. Which contacts should be classified as close contacts and are most likely to be infected?
People who had close, regular, prolonged contact with the TB patient while he or she was infectious, especially in small, poorly ventilated places are close contacts and are most likely to be infected with TB. These contacts are classified as close contacts, and usually include people who have shared a house or room with the patient or spent time with the patient frequently during the period of infectiousness. Contacts with less intense, less frequent, or shorter durations of contact to the TB patient are classified as other-than-close contacts, and they generally should be given a lower priority for testing.
6.27. Which contacts are at high risk of developing TB disease if infected?
Some conditions (HIV infection, injection of illicit drugs, diabetes mellitus, silicosis, prolonged corticosteroid therapy, immunosuppressive therapy, certain types of cancer, severe kidney disease, certain intestinal conditions, and low body weight) increase the risk that TB infection will progress to TB disease. Contacts with these conditions should be given high priority for TB testing, regardless of whether they are close contacts or other-than-close contacts. Young children less than 4 years of age should also be given high priority for testing, because they can develop serious forms of TB disease very quickly after infection.
6.28. Which contacts should be considered high priority contacts for testing?
Close contacts (see answer 6.26) and contacts who are at high risk of developing disease if infected (see answer 6.27). Testing for TB infection and disease should begin with these high-priority contacts.
6.29. For all high-priority contacts, what procedures should be done during evaluation?
Evaluation of TB contacts should be done in an orderly manner, starting with the highest-priority group of contacts. Contacts should be evaluated for LTBI and TB disease. This evaluation includes at least
- A medical history and
- A Mantoux tuberculin skin test (unless there is a previous documented positive reaction)
For immunosuppressed contacts or contacts who are under 4 years of age, the evaluation should also include a chest x-ray, regardless of skin test result, because of the possibility of a false-negative reaction to the tuberculin skin test and risk of early progression to TB disease if infected.
6.30. In what situation should tuberculin testing of contacts be repeated?
Contacts who are skin tested less than 10 to 12 weeks after their last exposure to a patient with infectious TB may have a false-negative reaction, because they may not yet be able to react to the tuberculin. It takes 2 to 12 weeks after TB infection for the body's immune system to react to tuberculin. For this reason, close contacts of someone with infectious TB disease who have a negative initial skin test reaction should be retested 10 to 12 weeks after the last contact with the person who has TB disease. The time span between the date of an initial skin test with a negative reaction and the date that is 10 to 12 weeks after exposure is called the window period. After the window period has ended, a repeat skin test should be administered to each contact who had an initial negative reaction.
6.31. Which contacts should be given a chest x-ray?
All contacts who have a positive skin test reaction with an induration greater than 5 mm or who report any TB symptoms should be given a chest x-ray.
Certain contacts should have a chest x-ray to evaluate for TB disease at the same time the initial skin test is done, including those that
- Have TB symptoms
- Are HIV-infected or have other immunosuppressed conditions
- Are under 4 years of age
6.32. What is the purpose of a sputum examination and when should one be done?
Any contact who has an abnormal chest x-ray or who has TB symptoms should have three sputum specimens collected on different days for smear and culture examination, regardless of his or her tuberculin skin test reaction. The results of the smear examination can be used to help determine the person's infectiousness, although a negative smear does not rule out the possibility of TB disease.
6.33. Which contacts should be evaluated for treatment for LTBI?The following contacts should be evaluated for treatment of LTBI:
- Contacts who have a positive tuberculin skin test reaction and no evidence of TB disease
- High-risk contacts who have a negative tuberculin skin test reaction, such as children under 4 years of age, HIV-infected people, and other high-risk contacts who may develop TB disease very quickly after infection
6.34. What is window period prophylaxis and when should it be used?
High-risk contacts (including children under 4

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


This Sea Slug Looks Like A Day-Glo Sheep And Can Photosynthesize Its Own Food
Recently, we told you about jorunna parva, a sea slug that bears an uncanny resemblance to a bunny. Now, there's another adorable slug to check out.
Costasiella kuroshimae is a tiny species of sea slug that is commonly known as Kuroshima's Avrainvillea Slug. It's named after the island in Japan where it was first discovered and described.
But a more accurate (and cuter) name might be Sea Sheep.
Jim Lynn
Costasiella kuroshimae is tiny, growing to just 5 mm in length. The slug's antennae resemble a sheep's ears.
T. Djauw
After their initial discovery in Japan, the creatures have also been spotted by scientists in Indonesia and the Philippines.
Jim Lynn
Just like sheep, costasiella kuroshimae are vegetarians. They feed on marine algae.
Jim Lynn
But the most amazing thing about these psychedelic "sheep" is that they're able to photosynthesize food, just like plants.
Johnny Chiu
Normally, aside from plants, only single-cell animals are capable of photosynthesis. But the slug uses a process known as kleptoplasty to extract the chloroplasts from its food and incorporate them into its own body.
Randi Ang
Basically, it's an adorable, tiny, solar-powered underwater sheep.
Lynn Wu
See it in action below:
[youtube id="49k1lEXxbkA"]


text:
Published on January 23, 2013 by Amy
Buffalo Bird Woman (ca. _PHONE_) was a Mandan Hidatsa who experienced the traditional life of her people in what is now the Fort Berthold Reservation in North Dakota. Her Hidatsa name was Maxidiwiac. She learned and practiced traditional Hidatsa skills such as gardening, the preparation of food, weaving and many others. Buffalo Bird Woman held to the traditional ways of her culture and generously shared them through her stories and teachings. Through oral tradition she described her own experience and the lives and work of women in Hidatsa culture. Edward Lone Fight is descended from her.
native art, native american jewelry, native american rings, turquoise crafts, student loans, debt financing, native american astrology, native horoscopes, student debt, Indian Genealogy Records, family tree, native heritage, native jobs, native study, native students, native american university, grant, native ancestry, dna test


logo4 Evolution is progress—
progress is creativity.
vline
Wallace Effect
view wiki view wiki view wiki view wiki
Synonyms: Reinforcement
Wallace Effect is a honorific term that relates reinforcement to Alfred Russel Wallace, the co-inventor—if not the original creator himself—of the theory of evolution by natural selection. The concept of reinforcement explains sympatric speciation by enhancing reproductive isolation.

(c) Mato Nagel, Weißwasser 2004-2019, Disclaimer


Difference between revisions of "Logical Difference Vizualiser (LogDiffViz)"
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(How to use it)
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= How to use it =

= How to use it =

 +
== Visualizing a logical difference computation ==

Sample text

Sample text
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== Toolbar Options ==
 +
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=== Axiom Pinpointing (Explanations) ===
 +
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== Signature Overview ==

= Screenshots =

= Screenshots =
Revision as of 14:57, September 12, 2011
Logical Difference Vizualiser (LogDiffViz)
by William Gatens
Type Tab, View
Author(s) William Gatens
Last Update September 12, 2011
License not available
Homepage not available
For Application
Topic(s)
Affiliation
Logical Difference Visualizer (LogDiffViz) is a plugin for Protege-OWL
Contents
Versions & Compatibility
This section lists available versions of Logical Difference Vizualiser (LogDiffViz).
Version Compatible with Dependencies
Logical Difference Vizualiser (LogDiffViz) 0.1.0 Protege-OWL 4.1 Linux Operating System
If you click on the button below to add a new version of Logical Difference Vizualiser (LogDiffViz), you will be asked to define a page title for the new version. Please adhere to the naming convention of Logical Difference Vizualiser (LogDiffViz) X.X.X when you define the new page!
Overview
Sample text
How to use it
Visualizing a logical difference computation
Sample text
Toolbar Options
Axiom Pinpointing (Explanations)
Signature Overview
Screenshots
Sample text
Limitations and known issues
Sample text
Personal tools


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REVOLUTIONIZING CURRICULUM & STUDENT SUCCESS
Cajon Valley Union School District | FEBRUARY 4TH | 8:30 AM - 1:00 PM
Cajon Valley Union School District, an exemplar in Digital Convergence, is on a mission to realign public education to meet the demands of life after graduation. They have developed a Modern Curriculum that reflects the district's revolutionary approach to what it means for students to be successful. At the heart of their efforts is a cohesive, district-wide vision: happy kids engaged in meaningful relationships on a path to gainful employment.
What are the results, and how does this Modern Curriculum manifest in the classroom? Visit Cajon Valley Union School District at NCDC19 to explore their Modern Curriculum and how they take shape at schools across the district. Space is limited. Select this session when you register below.
TEDxKids@ElCajon creates a forum for students to develop and refine their presentation literacy, synthesize and share new ideas, and explore the practical applications of their passions.
World of Work
This program presents students with opportunities to explore career possibilities that are directly tied to what they are learning in school and align with their strengths, interests, and values.


> ~/.cedit/cooledit.completion
 cat 'find $TEXDIR -follow -regex '.*\.tex'' | \
 sed -e's/[A-Za-z0-9]\\/&\
 \\/g' | \
 sed -e's/\\$//g' | \
 sed -e's/[^A-Za-z0-9\\]/\
 /g' | \
 sed -e's/\\\\*/\\/g' | \
 sed -e's/^[A-Za-z0-9].*$//g' \
 -e's/^\\$//g' \
 -e's/^\\[A-Za-z0-9\\]$//g' \
 | cat -s | sort -u >> ~/.cedit/cooledit.completion
 Cooledit supports the XDND drag and drop protocol versions 0 through 2.
 Cooledit used to support the Dnd, up to version 3.6.3. To copy or move
 text, highlight it with the mouse, then click somewhere in the middle
 of the text and drag. The cursor will change to indicate that you are
 dragging. The text will be copied to the window that you release the
 mouse button on. If you drag with the left button, text will be copied
 while if you drag with any other button, text will be moved. If you
 drag a file-name to an edit window from the file browser, that file
 will be inserted into the text at the position you release the mouse
 button. You can also drag from the man page and from any text box. If
 you find drag and drop to not work with other applications, then check
 that they support the same protocol.
 The Scripts menu has a list of commands that can be executed from hotkeys. You can create your own scripts by clicking on New script and
 filling in the various fields of the dialog. Several predefined examples are given in the menu. To get a feel for how this works click on
 Edit a script and select a predefined script from the list. The
 switches you see in the dialog box are self explanatory. They cause
 cooledit to perform various functions before and after the execution of
 the script and provide for seamless interfacing between cooledit and
 compilers or shell commands. The script text may also contain the %
 character to substitute for the editor's file-name, path, etc. For instance, if %f is found in the script, it will be, before execution, replaced with the file-name of the file you are currently editing. The
 complete list of substitutions is as follows:
 %d The current directory as set from the Command menu.
 %f The full file-name of the file you are currently editing, without the path.
 %n The file-name without the extension.
 %x The file-name extension only.
 %p The full path of the file-name without the trailing slash.
 %t The name of a temporary file if needed.
 %b The name of the block file.
 %c The name of the clipboard file.
 %e The name of the error message file.
 %a The string typed in by the user if they where prompted.
 %F The current font, or 8x13bold if the current font is a proportionally spaced font - use for terminal apps.
 %O The current font regardless of its size.
 %% Inserts a literal %.
 Typically commands will process the editor file, or some highlighted
 text, and then output error messages to the error file, which might be
 displayed for viewing. Studying the examples will give an explanation
 of this. Note that the options "Display script's stdout/err continuously" must not be set simultaneously with "Insert stdout/err on completion". If both are set, the former take precedence. Also, if the
 script runs in the background, none of the on completion options will
 have effect.
 If the Auto paragraph formatting option is on (Select General from the
 Options menu) then paragraphs will be reformatted as you type. The Word
 wrap line length option specifies the paragraph's maximum width. The
 key Alt-p ('Paragraph_Format' in the Define keys dialog) will force a
 paragraph to be formatted when Auto paragraph formatting is off, and
 will find a paragraph between the illegal lines defined below. A paragraph start and end are specified by two consecutive newline characters. A "non"-paragraph is one of the following (non-paragraphs are not
 formatted except with with Alt-p):
 - Paragraphs containing any line that begins with the characters:
 - Paragraphs containing any line (other than the first line) that
 begins with a space or tab character. The first line may contain
 an indent for example.
 This means that all contiguous blocks of text can be bordered by a
 blank line, and they will be nicely paragraphed. Because of the above
 rules, you can pretty much leave paragraph formatting on even when programming, since program text will break these rules every time. One
 difference though is that pressing 'Enter' in the middle of a line will
 properly break a paragraph with a double newline, unlike normal mode,
 where a only a single newline is inserted.
 One other nifty feature is the formatting of fully indented paragraphs.
 If a paragraph's lines are all identically indented (like a quote),
 then the indent will be retained, while normal formatting occurs. This
 may be a problem when you are trying to type something that must be indented, but must not be paragraphed, like a postal address. In this
 case you can make one line begin with an illegal character, or make one
 line be indented more or less than the other lines.
 See also the command-line option "--auto-paragraph", above.
 The input widget can be found in most dialogs and allows the editing of
 one line of text. By pressing Shift-Up or Shift-Down, you can see a
 history of previous entries. This is the same as pressing the input
 widget's button.
 Pressing Meta/Alt Ins in the editor will show you a history of
 cuts/copies you made to the X buffer. Pressing Space or Enter will insert the selected selection.
 The quote key Ctrl-q can be used to insert any decimal or hexidecimal
 number. Ctrl-q and then an ordinary key press interprets that key literally, eg. Ctrl-q then Ctrl-m inserts an ascii Carriage Return or 13
 decimal. This is useful to convert DOS text files to Unix and back.
 Just do a search and replace with Ctrl-q Ctrl-j Ctrl-q Ctrl-m as
 one string, and Ctrl-q Ctrl-j as the other. You can insert any
 character from 0 through 255 by exploiting the following: Ctrl-something AND's something with 011111Binary, and Alt-something OR's something with 010000000Binary, eg. Ctrl-q Ctrl-Alt-a inserts a 129.
 You can also type out a three digit decimal number after Ctrl-q to insert that number. Hexidecial numbers can be inserted by typing the two
 digit number and then pressing the h key. E.g. Ctrl-q 0 6 4 inserts an
 @ symbol decimal 64; the sequence Ctrl-q 1 4 2 or Ctrl-q 8 e h inserts
 an 8E hexidecimal.
 To cut and paste to and from the Midnight Commander's internal editor,
 you can save a block to the clip-file and then do an insert file. To
 copy text to an xterm, highlight the text with the mouse, and then
 click on the xterm with button 2 as usual. To copy from an xterm, highlight in the xterm and then press Shift-Insert in the editor.
 To define a macro, press Ctrl-R and then type out the key strokes you
 want to be executed. Press Ctrl-R again when finished. You can then as


text:
nbox repair tool or Scanpst.exe is provided with MS Outlook program utility that helps in fixing or repairing problems of PST file corruption. Outlook stores important email, calendars, notes, journals and many such important data. However if outlook users are unable to access or send emails, it may be due to PST file corruption. If ignored it can result in complete loss of Outlook data. Thus it is advised to fix this issue by running inbox repair tool or Scanpst.exe utility.
In order to run inbox repair tool, Outlook users may use the following steps:
1. Firstly, click on the start button and then select the Find or search button.
2. It is advised to type the Scanpst.exe in the search field and press Find button.
3. Once the Scanpst.exe or inbox repair tool appears as search result, proceed further by double clicking it.
4. After opening the inbox repair tool application, select and navigate to the the PST file to be scanned. One has to wait for some time till the scanning process is in progress.
5. It may take time if the PST file is large in size.
6. However, if you are unable to repair the corruption using this utility, try third party PST repair software to scan and repair such PST corruption.
Posted 491 dy ago


You are here: Home General Disclosing Your... If I Disclose My Medical...
Disclosing Your Health Condition To Your Employer
If I Disclose My Medical Condition, What Should I Disclose?
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There is a difference between disclosing and sharing everything.
 - How much to disclose depends primarily on your reason for disclosing. For example, if you have decided to disclose so that you do not have the burden of keeping a secret, it may not be sufficient for you to indicate that you are a person with a disability without indicating your diagnosis. You would meet the legal requirement, but you would still be keeping your diagnosis a secret.
 - Even if you are disclosing in order to request an accommodation or a leave of absence and you do not want your employer to be aware of too much information, you may consider simply indicating that you are a person with a disability, and describe the need you have. Understand that if your employer requires evidence of your condition (which it has a right to do), the evidence such as a letter from your doctor will likely include mention of your health condition.
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Lamellar cataract
lamellar cataract n.
A congenital cataract in which opacity is limited to layers of the lens external to the nucleus. Also called zonular cataract.
Tagged:
Read Also:
 - Lamellar ichthyosis
 lamellar ichthyosis n. An inherited form of ichthyosis that is present at birth and is characterized by large, coarse scales over most of the body and thickened palms and soles; it is associated with ectropion.
 - Lamella-roof
 noun 1. a vaulted roof composed of lamellae.
 - Lamellate
 [luh-mel-eyt, lam-uh-leyt] /ləˈmɛl eɪt, ˈlæm əˌleɪt/ adjective 1. composed of or having lamellae. 2. flat; platelike. lamellate la·mel·late (lə-měl'āt', lām'ə-lāt') adj. lam'el·la'ted adj. lam'el·la'tion n.
 - Lakhota
 [luh-koh-tuh] /ləˈkoʊ tə/ noun 1. . [tee-ton] /ˈti tɒn/ noun, plural Tetons (especially collectively) Teton for 2. 1. the westernmost branch of the Dakota Indians. 2. a member of any of the tribes belonging to this branch, as the Brulé, Hunkpapa, Miniconjou, and Oglala. 3. a dialect of the Dakota language. member of a western […]
Disclaimer: Lamellar cataract definition / meaning should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. All content on this website is for informational purposes only.


text:
Meet nail enamel with a dramatically short drying time!
The 21st IFSCC Congress 2000, Berlin
Congress Award (Poster Award)
Super-Rapid Drying "Dip-in-Water" Nail Enamel
Change in thinking led to innovative nail enamel that dries in just 45 seconds by immersion in water!
Have you experienced the stress of redoing nail enamel on your fingers or toes because you accidentally hit or touched something while it was drying? Women have various demands for nail enamels, including long-lasting, lustrous finish, color and the look on nails—but quick to dry beats them all. This award-winning technology incorporates a novel idea for quick drying. The change in thinking resulted in a major contribution to this technology. Generally, nail enamels are made of a coating material to solidify, solvent to dissolve the coating material, and a colorant for color as main components. When applied on the nail, the solvent vaporizes and causes the coating material to form a membrane and solidify, which we call "drying".
However, this award-wining technology changed the perspective from evaporating the solvent to its quick removal. We developed a method of removing the solvent by immersing it in water and allowing the solvent to dissolve instantly. This technology shortened the drying time to 45 seconds.
What's the technology?
It took a year to generate the idea. Further difficulties at the development stage! Discovery of instantly drying substances with a shift from vaporizing to removing with water!
The key point in this award-winning technique was to remove the solvent with water. Therefore, the first difficulty was in discovering solvents to dissolve the water-insoluble coating material. There were no compatible substances previously used in cosmetics; we spent a year discovering the appropriate substances from ingredients in every area possible. And, there were further difficulties. The solvents we managed to discover were soluble in water, but the coating material had poor stability after the instant removal of solvent compared to its gradual vaporization, resulting in whitening and exfoliation. This was the start of many days of investigation. In addition to safety, consideration was required for the environment as the product is immersed in water. Furthermore, since it becomes unusable in places without water, we needed a product that would vaporize and dry over the same time as traditional nail enamels.
As a result of resolving these problems, we finally developed nail enamel that dries when immersed in water. This technology was applied to Shiseido S Aqua Dry Nail in November 2000 and has been used in many products such as Kesho Wakusei. In addition, the findings on coating and solvents cultivated in this research have been used in the development of other products including lipstick and mascara.


Security Analysis of Mobile Banking Apps Reveals Significant Weaknesses
Many apps failed to validate SSL certificates and exposed sensitive information, a researcher from IOActive said
A security analysis of mobile banking apps for iOS devices from 60 financial institutions around the world has revealed that many were vulnerable to various attacks and exposed sensitive information.
Ariel Sanchez, a consultant at security firm IOActive, analyzed how the banking apps communicate with servers, how they store data locally, whether they were compiled with security options, what information they expose through logs and whether they have vulnerabilities in their code.
The researcher found that all tested applications could be installed and run on jailbroken devices. This is a security risk in itself, because jailbreaking circumvents iOS protections and allows apps running on the device to access the restricted resources of other apps that would normally be inaccessible on non-jailbroken devices.
While banking apps generally use SSL encryption for sensitive communications, Sanchez found that 90 percent of the tested apps also initiated several non-encrypted connections during their operation. This allows attackers who can intercept that traffic -- for example on an insecure wireless network -- to inject arbitrary JavaScript or HTML code into it, for example to display fake login prompts to the app's user or to launch other social engineering attacks.
In addition, even when using encryption, 40 percent of the tested apps did not validate the authenticity of digital certificates they received from the server, making them vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks using fake certificates.
Fifty percent of the tested apps implemented UIWebView, an iOS feature for displaying Web content in applications, in an insecure way, making them vulnerable to JavaScript injections (cross-site scripting), Sanchez said in a blog post. In some cases, native iOS functionality was exposed to the UIWebView, allowing actions such as sending SMS or emails from the victim's device, he said.
Sanchez presented an example where a rogue HTML form was injected into a vulnerable UIWebView implementation from one of the apps. That form was designed to trick the user into entering their username and password and then send them back to the attacker.
"Another concern brought to my attention while doing the research was that 70% of the apps did not have any alternative authentication solutions, such as multi-factor authentication, which could help to mitigate the risk of impersonation attacks," Sanchez said.
Many apps exposed sensitive information such as usernames and passwords and hidden URL paths that could expose the back-end server structure through the iOS system log. Other apps exposed information through their crash reports, which could help attackers find and develop exploits for them, and some apps had credentials hard-coded directly into their code.
"After taking a close look at the file system of each app, some of them used an unencrypted SQLite database and stored sensitive information, such as details of customer's banking account and transaction history," Sanchez said. "An attacker could use an exploit to access this data remotely, or if they have physical access to the device, could install jailbreak software in order to steal to the information from the file system of the victim's device."
Twenty percent of the tested apps hadn't been compiled with Position Independent Executable (PIE) and Stack Smashing Protection enabled, features that are designed to mitigate the risk of memory corruption attacks.
Sanchez didn't name any of the banks whose applications were found to be vulnerable, but he said some of them had been notified of the findings. A map shared by Sanchez suggests the tested apps have a global distribution, belonging to banks that operate in North America, South America, Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Asia and Australia.
"Home banking apps that have been adapted for mobile devices, such as smart phones and tablets, have created a significant security challenge for worldwide financial firms," Sanchez said. "As this research shows, financial industries should increase the security standards they use for their mobile home banking solutions."
Based on his findings, Sanchez made some recommendations for developers of mobile banking apps, such as ensuring all connections are made using secure transfer protocols; enforcing SSL certificate validation; encrypting sensitive data stored by the applications by using the iOS data protection API; improving jailbreaking detection; obfuscating the assembly code and using antidebugging techniques to slow reverse-engineering attempts; removing debugging statements and information and removing all development information from the final products.
Insider Resume Makeover: How to add flavor to a bland resume
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text:
Learn how to write the hiragana character for "sa" in this simple lesson. Please remember, it is important to follow the stroke order when writing Japanese characters. Learning the proper stroke order is also a great way to help you to remember how to draw the character.
Example: さかな (sakana) --- fish
Please check out the instinctual video, How to Pronounce Hiragana: sa, shi, su, se, so to learn the pronunciation of hiragana "sa". Click this link to learn how to write the word, Sadou, which also starts with the hiragana "sa" character.
To learn more about Japanese writing, try Japanese Writing for Beginners.


JournalArticleobiedkov2009buildingBuilding access control models with attribute exploration2009ObiedkovSergeiKourieG.DerrickEloffJ.H.P.2-728 ISSN: 0167-4048 DOI: 10.1016/j.cose.2008.07.011Computers and Security1–2http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167404808000497The use of lattice-based access control models has been somewhat restricted by their complexity. We argue that attribute exploration from formal concept analysis can help create lattice models of manageable size, while making it possible for the system designer to better understand dependencies between different security categories in the domain and, thus, providing certain guarantees for the relevance of the constructed model to a particular application. In this paper, we introduce the method through an example.access, analysis, attribute, concept, control, exploration, fca, formal, security


text:
Although most dogs usually have the same color fur for their entire lives, the same cannot necessarily be said about Shih Tzus, the uber-fluffy toy dogs from China. If your Shih Tzu puppy is a certain color on one given day, there's no assurance it'll stay the same the next.
Maturity and Coat Color Change
Shih Tzu coat changes usually don't occur at random. They typically occur when Shih Tzus are about to become adults -- around 12 months in age. It's common for their coats to become paler, and at the same time, it's also common for them to darken. Note, too, that this color change doesn't take place in any and all Shih Tzus. You could bring a bouncing Shih Tzu puppy home, expect his fur color to change -- only for it never to do so.
No Change in Black and White
Not all color schemes of young Shih Tzus change, however. Shih Tzus born with white and black fur are the sole exception in this situation. If a Shih Tzu enters the world with this specific coloration, he's going to stay that way for good.
Shih Tzu Colors
As far as the color spectrum goes, Shih Tzus pretty much run the gamut. Some Shih Tzus are entirely one color, while others are multi-colored. Some color schemes available in the breed are white and red, off-white, black, blue, golden, white and silver, gray, white and golden and reddish-brown. Certain colors, like blue, are a lot less common than others. With Shih Tzus, it's helpful to remember refrain from using fur coloring as a determining factor regarding which puppy you want to bring home. Remember, the puppy you select could start out black only to appear a lot more grayish in just a few short months.
You can never be 100 percent sure about a young Shih Tzu's eventual "permanent" coloring, but you can usually be sure about one thing -- his future coat texture. With proper grooming and regular maintenance, Shih Tzus often possess lengthy, sumptuous and thick fur, either straight or a little wavy. It's crucial to comb or brush Shih Tzu coats every day, beginning during the puppy stage.
- Jupiterimages/Photos.com/Getty Images


text:
potential and energy
Formed in 2017, The Mill's mission is to foster collaborations (on both the individual & organizational levels) with the purpose of developing revolutionary ideas in the arts and humanities. These multi-disciplinary initiatives are coupled with youth education, mentorship, and supportive infrastructure.
The original Arlington gristmill (built in 1764) used the river's potential energy to create product. THE MILL similarly believes in potential and energy. The original buildings serve as a "Hub" for connectivity, but THE MILL's reach is far beyond the local campus.
So - What is THE MILL?
- THE MILL is a safe-space to create new works of theatre, art, dance, music, literature, poetry, architecture, design, television, film, & digital media.
- THE MILL will offer Special Events; Classes; Workshops; Performances of Theater, Music, Art, & Dance; Exhibitions, Concerts, Staged Readings, Screenings, and a Resource/Research Center.
- THE MILL offers the opportunity for established artists to explore their different talents for personal growth.
- THE MILL provides up-and-coming creatives the chance to learn from the best - and from one another. Mentoring is central to the mission of THE MILL. We hope that established artists will take this opportunity to groom the next generation of aspiring creatives – and that the young talented alumni will return to THE MILL in the future – as mentors. With time, the extensive alumni network will enhance and expand opportunities for future generations. Creative legacy and the direct sharing of artistic traditions from generation to generation are fundamental to the philosophy of THE MILL.
- THE MILL fosters creative collaborations and welcomes unexpected combinations. It is a meeting place for conversation and debate.
- THE MILL encourages young creatives to develop key life skills to engage and serve their communities in a positive way. THE MILL builds creative confidence and instills pride of ownership in our youth – with the goal of turning imagination into action. The hopeful outcome is youth retention and increased ingenuity - with the goal of inspiring the entrepreneurial spirit and community empowerment.
- THE MILL is an historic campus, which will grow over time with a keen eye focused on providing the needed infrastructure for the development of future initiatives and innovation. Creative vision cannot be realized without space and tools. Currently under construction is a state-of-the-art sound studio. THE MILL believes in the adaptive re-use of historic buildings. The rehabilitation, restoration, re-invention and transformation of these spaces not only demonstrates imagination and ingenuity, but signals to our youth that taking care of our past is key to a brighter future.
- THE MILL is an opportunity to drive awareness and tourism to the region with a focus on the arts and humanities. Supporting the creative economy and fostering collaborations at the organizational level between cultural institutions for optimal synergy and opportunity is fundamental to the philosophy of THE MILL.
- THE MILL serves as a creative retreat, where artists, musicians, dancers, writers, and historians can pause and refresh – in addition to showcasing their talents.
Education Never Stops
Peter's Brook never stops flowing behind THE MILL. Similarly, THE MILL is a space for lifelong learning.
THE MILL's unique arts education program has four key components:
- Life skills – THE MILL develops initiatives that encourage active listening, open communication, flexibility, the ability to improvise, skills of observation and organization, time-management, teamwork, conflict resolution, and confidence. At THE MILL, we firmly believe that innovation begins when a) a complex challenge is identified, b) the applied constraints are understood and c) inspired solutions are developed. Of course, the ability to articulate the complex challenge, the constraints, and the proposed solution is the final key skill that must be developed for a successful realization of the vision.
- Technical skills – THE MILL recognizes that not everyone will be able to articulate their thoughts in words or share their ideas in pictures. Some great talents are best demonstrated through common trade skills, such as carpentry, sewing, electrical work, welding, lighting, etc. Since the best learning connects technology and the humanities, THE MILL supports the development of these skills, because - while all of these can certainly be applied to theater, film, digital media, costuming, sound recording, etc. - they can also lead to future opportunities in engineering, the sciences and common trades. Not every young artist will desire to pursue a professional career in the arts. Providing our youth with the basic skills and confidence to succeed in their chosen careers is an equally satisfying and very worthy outcome.
- History – THE MILL develops programs that explore art and literature in the context of history – and specifically, how history and current events affect the creative process – and vice versa.
- Mentoring – THE MILL connects artists of different generations and encourages mentoring. There is nothing more palpable than the kinetic energy that occurs when enthusiastic youth get to learn from experienced mentors. There is nothing more fulfilling to mentors than to share their knowledge, hard-earned skills, and legacy with the next generation.


Smoothing the Marmousi model
Karel Zacek
The only way to make an excessively complex velocity model suitable for application of ray-based methods, such as the Gaussian beam or Gaussian packet methods, is to smooth it.
We have smoothed the Marmousi model by choosing a coarser grid and by minimizing the second spatial derivatives of the slowness. This was done by minimizing the relevant Sobolev norm of slowness.
We show that minimizing the relevant Sobolev norm of slowness is a suitable technique for preparing the optimum models for asymptotic ray theory methods. However, the price we pay for a model suitable for ray tracing is an increase of the difference between the smoothed and original model. Similarly, the estimated error in the travel time also increases due to the difference between the models. In smoothing the Marmousi model, we have found the estimated error of travel times at the verge of acceptability.
Due to the low frequencies in the wavefield of the original Marmousi data set, we have found the Gaussian beams and Gaussian packets at the verge of applicability even in models sufficiently smoothed for ray tracing.
Velocity model, smoothing, asymptotic ray theory, Gaussian beams, Lyapunov exponent, Sobolev norm.
Whole paper
The image of the paper in GIF 150dpi (2105 kB!) is designed for an instant screen preview.
The paper is available in PostScript (23708 kB!!, colour figures) and GZIPped PostScript (3503 kB!, colour figures).
Final version
Zacek, K.: Smoothing the Marmousi model. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 159 (2002), _PHONE_.
In: Seismic Waves in Complex 3-D Structures, Report 11, pp. 161-179, Dep. Geophys., Charles Univ., Prague, 2001.


text:
Odd One Out type of VA questions must be answered by the CAT Aspirants in the CAT Exam. These are must-attempt questions because the chances of getting these correct are high since there is only one odd sentence out of the 5 sentences. Understanding and linking the sentences with one another is the best way to solve these questions. Read plenty of articles during your CAT Online Preparation to understand the context that helps in linking the sentences together.
Five sentences related to a topic are given below. Four of them can be put together to form a meaningful and coherent short paragraph. Identify the odd one out. Choose its number as your answer and key it in.
Question 32 : 1. Displacement in Bengal is thus not very significant in view of its magnitude.
2. A factor of displacement in Bengal is the shifting course of the Ganges leading to erosion of river banks.
3. The nature of displacement in Bengal makes it an interesting case study."
4. Since displacement due to erosion is well spread over a long period of time, it remains invisible.
5. Rapid displacement would have helped sensitize the public to its human costs.
Of the given sentences, only 5 talks of rapid displacement and sensitizing the public to the human cost of displacement. None of the other sentences relate to these ideas.
5 is the correct answer.
CAT® (Common Admission Test) is a registered trademark of the Indian Institutes of Management. This website is not endorsed or approved by IIMs.
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text:
The Brotherhood of Blades was established after the defeat of the Riven Blade; a rebel movement which attempted to overthrow the king of Rivana in favor of forming a republic. With the rebellion destroyed, the Brotherhood of Blades was founded as a band of freedom fighters, but to this day is more considered to be a group of lowly bandits and thugs who stalk the forests and roads of the Eastern Kingdoms in Norrhan.
The Brotherhood make their living by raiding trade caravans and setting up ambushes along the forest roads for hapless travelers to walk into. They swear to fight for the people, and promise to give all their stolen loot back to the common people. However, the Brotherhood keeps most of it for themselves, and commoners are just as victimized by banditry as noblemen are. In essence, the Brotherhood of Blades are nothing more but violent thugs and bandits.
Although they are viewed as villainous scum and a pestilence to the people of the Eastern Kingdoms, the members of the Brotherhood hold a tight bond with each other. Every man of the Brotherhood is more or less equal, and they weigh respect and duty to each other as their most important qualities. When a man takes on the Brotherhood's Blades on his skin, he is branded a blood brother for life, and thus he must honour his new brethren like they were his true brothers.
While all men are equal in the Brotherhood, there are those that must also lead to ensure that the Brotherhood stays strong. Any man may become a Blade Leader; that is if the man in question can win in a duel against a current Blade Leader. Each Blade Leader holds leadership over their own small band of Brothers, and it is unknown how many such bands exist. Supposedly there are Brotherhood camps all over the Eastern Kingdoms' forests. However, the Blade Leaders are merely captains, whilst the true ruler of the Brotherhood is known as the Lord of Blades. Only the strongest and most cunning of brothers can ever hope to become the ruler of the Brotherhood of Blades.


How to Install and Use zoxide on Linux
Traducciones al Español
Estamos traduciendo nuestros guías y tutoriales al Español. Es posible que usted esté viendo una traducción generada automáticamente. Estamos trabajando con traductores profesionales para verificar las traducciones de nuestro sitio web. Este proyecto es un trabajo en curso.
Create a Linode account to try this guide with a $ credit.
This credit will be applied to any valid services used during your first days.
zoxide is a fast and smart alternative to the cd command. Built on Rust, zoxide outperforms many similar commands, and its directory ranking algorithm helps you navigate quick.
Learn more about zoxide in this guide, including how to install and get started using it on your Linux system.
Before You Begin
 1. Familiarize yourself with our Getting Started with Linode guide, and complete the steps for setting your Linode's hostname and timezone.
 2. This guide uses sudo wherever possible. Complete the sections of our How to Secure Your Server guide to create a standard user account, harden SSH access, and remove unnecessary network services.
 3. Update your system.
 - On Debian and Ubuntu, use the following command:
 sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

 - On AlmaLinux, CentOS (8 or later), or Fedora, use the following command:
 sudo dnf upgrade

 - On CentOS 7 or earlier, use the following command:
 sudo yum update

Note
The steps in this guide are written for non-root users. Commands that require elevated privileges are prefixed with sudo. If you're not familiar with the sudo command, see the Linux Users and Groups guide.
What is zoxide?
zoxide is an alternative to the cd command, offering faster performance and smarter navigation capabilities. Like the tools mentioned below, much of the power of zoxide is in its directory ranking based on your usage. Its ranking algorithm can quickly match partial paths, even single search terms, with one of your most used directories.
zoxide vs Similar Tools
Several similar cd alternatives exist. Most notably, there is z, autojump, and fasd.
So, what sets zoxide apart?
First, zoxide is fast. This is the case not only compared to cd itself but even to the other alternatives. zoxide is built on Rust, and, like many tools taking advantage of the Rust environment, zoxide is performant.
Second, zoxide aims for a minimal and ergonomic interface rather than an abundance of features. A tool like autojump has more abilities, but a deeper understanding is needed to use it. Even more so with fasd, which aspires to be a "command-line productivity booster". It includes a suite of methods for short-cutting common navigation and file related commands. In fact, if what you're looking for is a full-featured productivity booster, fasd is a tool worth exploring.
zoxide focuses on providing a handy, fast, and intelligent cd alternative. It avoids the other embellishments to hone its interface into something sharp and intuitive. So, if what you're looking for is just that — a tight and performant cd replacement — zoxide is a good choice.
How to Install zoxide
 1. Install zoxide from you system's package manager:
 - On Debian and Ubuntu, install zoxide using APT:
 sudo apt install zoxide

 - On AlmaLinux and CentOS, use the COPR plugin to enable the zoxide repository on DNF, and then install zoxide from there:
 sudo dnf copr enable atim/zoxide
 sudo dnf install zoxide

 If you are on CentOS 7, you need to install DNF and the COPR plugin before executing the above commands:
 sudo yum install dnf
 sudo dnf install 'dnf-command(copr)'

 - On Fedora, install zoxide directly using DNF:
 sudo dnf install zoxide

 2. Have your shell initialize zoxide with each shell session. You can do so by adding the following line to the end of your ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc file, depending on the shell you're using:
 File: ~/.bashrc
 1
 2
 3

 # [...]

 eval "$(zoxide init bash)"
 If you're using Zsh, replace bash with zsh in the line shown above.
 3. Confirm your installation using the following command:
 zoxide --version

 zoxide v0.7.5
Set Up fzf Integration (Optional)
zoxide can integrate with fzf to provide you with interactive selection when you have multiple matching directories. All you need to do is install fzf, which you can learn how to do in our guide How to Install and Use fzf.
How to Use zoxide
As with similar tools, zoxide has to first "learn" directories for its ranking algorithm. So, to begin, navigate to some directories just like you would with cd, but using the z command instead.
You can use the following series of commands to do just that. The examples that follow in this guide use these commands as a baseline to show you how the zoxide algorithm operates:
z /etc/opt
z /etc/ssh
z /etc/ssh/ssh_config.d
z /usr/local/bin
z /var/log
Once you've taught zoxide your frequently visited directories, you can begin using abbreviated directory searches. For instance, to navigate into the /etc/ssh directory after using the above commands, you can enter z ssh.
Notice that using z ssh command takes you to /etc/ssh. However, try using the following command three or four times:
z config
After doing that, the next time you use the z ssh command, you are taken to the /etc/ssh/ssh_config.d directory. Why? Because zoxide has ranked it as your most frequent visited directory that matches the search query ssh.
You can use the following command to get back to /etc/ssh. This works because the provided search terms more closely match the directory.
z etc ssh
zoxide also supports partial search terms, as you can see above with config. You can also use this feature for something like the following command, which still gets you to /usr/local/bin:
z lo b
Be aware that your zoxide search needs to include something of the destination directory. For instance, z var doesn't get you to the /var/log directory, but searches like z log or z var l do.
Interactive Searches with fzf
If you have fzf installed, zoxide can use it to let you select from a list of all directories it matches for a given search term or terms. For instance, the following command matches both /etc/ssh and /etc/ssh/ssh_config.d, and so the interactive zoxide command gives you an option to select between the two directories:
zi ssh
zoxide uses fzf for interactive selection
Take a look at the Set Up fzf Integration section above to learn how to install fzf if you don't have it already.
More Information
You may wish to consult the following resources for additional information on this topic. While these are provided in the hope that they will be useful, please note that we cannot vouch for the accuracy or timeliness of externally hosted materials.
This page was originally published on
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Exploring Guangzhou: 4 Interesting Things To Do
There are many cities around the world known for being busy trade destinations and Guangzhou happens to be one of them.
Despite the busyness within the trade area of this city, the rest of the streets have quite a different atmosphere, which is laidback and calm. Visitors can spend their time in this city exploring sights, both old and new, while admiring how past and current traditions and thoughts blend together seamlessly.
Here are 4 things that everyone must do while visiting Guangzhou:
1. Go to the Top of Canton Tower
things to do in Guangzhou: Canton Tower
Canton Tower is the tallest building within Guangzhou and the second tallest one in the entire country. Those who venture to the top will find themselves four hundred and fifty meters in the air on the observation deck, as they see panoramic views of the city. The best time to visit this tower is at night, as the views include the magic from the city being lit up.
2. Visit Shamian Island
things to do in Guangzhou: Shamian Island
The trade industry was important on this island until the middle of the 19th century, and while some of that history is still present, visitors can tell that the colonial influence is everywhere. As people wander around the island, they will see how some areas have been influenced by one country, while other areas have been influenced by other countries. The French Catholic Church is one of the main attractions on the island, as are the row of houses that used to be known as the Thirteen Factories.
3. Visit the Chimelong Zoo
things to do in Guangzhou: Chimelong Zoo
This zoo is also a safari park, circus, amusement park, water park, golf center, and resort, so people will find something that they love when they visit! Everyone can either ride in a cart or walk past animals that are allowed to roam freely within the three hundred and twenty acres of this park and zoo. While the animals are wild, visitors are allowed to interact with a few of them. Although there are many animals, the most popular one is the pandas, and the only area of the country that has more than they do here is Chengdu. There is also a crocodile farm with at least one hundred thousand crocodiles that many people are fascinated by. The amusement park has some amazing rides, as does the waterpark, so visitors may want to plan on spending at least a day here.
4. Take One of the Pearl River Cruises
things to do in Guangzhou: Pearl River Cruises
The Pearl River is the third largest river in the country and one of the best ways for visitors to see the city of Guangzhou is to take a cruise along this river. While the daytime cruises are wonderful, most people will prefer the evening ones when the city is lit up bright under the nighttime sky. A few of the places that cruisers will see include the Nanfang Mansion, the White Swan Hotel, the White Goose Pool, and the Guangzhou Bridge.
These four things are the highlights of this fabulous city, but there are many other attractions that everyone will want to visit when they are there. These four things only touch upon the beauty that is everywhere in Guangzhou and there is plenty more waiting to be discovered.
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What is 4 Mod 20? (4 % 20)
In this article we're going to look at what 4 mod 20 means and how we can calculate that. This type of divisibility operation is called mod, modulo or modulus and you can often see the symbol % used as well (i.e. 4 % 20)
Modulo is the mathematical operation which lets you find the remainder when dividing two numbers like 4 and 20 together. When are say "what is 4 % 20?" we are asking "when I divide 4 by 20, what is the remainder?"
 - The first number, 4, is called the dividend
 - The second number, 20, is called the divisor
 - When you divide 4 by 20, the answer is called the quotient
To calculate 4 mod 20 we first need to divide 4 by 20 to get the quotient:
4 / 20 = 0.20
Now we have the quotient, we take the whole part of it (0) and multiply it by the divisor (20):
0 x 20 = 0
4 - 0 = 4
Therefore, the final answer is:
4 mod 20 = 4
We could also calculate this using a different method. To use this method, list out all of the multiples of the divisor (20) and find the one that is equal to or less than the dividend (4).
The multiples of 20 are: 0, 20, 40, 60, and so on.
As we look at those multiples of 20 we can see that the highest number that is less than or equal to the dividend (4) is 0.
4 - 0 = 4
4 mod 20 = 4
Link To or Reference This Page
 - "What is 4 Mod 20? (4 % 20)". DivisibleBot.com. Accessed on July 30, 2021. _URL_
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 - What is 4 Mod 20? (4 % 20). DivisibleBot.com. Retrieved from _URL_
Calculate Another Problem
Random Calculations
Here are some more random calculations for you:


4
I am new to Drupal(7) and hence need some help for following situations.
I have created one Webform(I have other webform too) and now instead of inserting in default webform_submitted_data table, I want for this webfrom to insert into myTable. From what I found, I need to write a hook for this. Actually I am getting confused for way to write this hook. I have below questions.
 1. Where to write this hook (in which file).
 2. How to write this hook only for one webform.
Please help and let me know if you need any more information for this.
3 Answers 3
12
First, be very sure before you start twisting Drupal's arm into making things work differently then they are supposed to. Rerouting the data for a Webform could potentially provide hiccups in how Webform works and this could bite you later. It may still expect the data to be saved in its own bookkeeping tables, but fail to find it there later if you overwrite its behavior.
That being said, if you wish to alter the behavior of other modules, such as Webform, you will have to write your own, tiny module. Some of these hooks can also be influenced via the templating layer (using your templates template.php file), but this is the wrong place to alter this kind of behavior in my opinion.
A Drupal 7 module is basically comprised out of a minimal of two files, a *.info file and a *.module file. The former contains some meta data necessary for Drupal to categorize your module and calculate possible dependencies. The latter contains the actual PHP code.
These files have to be saved in a directory with (preferably) the same name as you named your info and module file. For Drupal to find your module, you can place it under sites/all/modules.
If, for example, you name your module changemyform, these are the minimal required files:
 - changemyform.info
 - changemyform.module
And both should reside in: sites/all/modules/changemyform.
I suggest you check Drupal's developer's manual for a more detailed explanation about writing modules, including licensing, unit testing, ... . But for this example, the mentioned two files will do.
In your info file you have to at least write the name for the module, a small description, for which core version it is applicable and which dependencies it has. Something like this would suffice for our example:
name = Change my form
description = Changes the submission behavior of my form.
core = 7.x
dependencies[] = webform
Next we should write the logic for the module file itself. The general hook for intercepting any form submission (including a Webform) is:
function mymodule_form_alter( &$form, &$form_state,$form_id ){
 ...
}
With this hook you can, as the name suggests, alter all the forms rendered with Drupal. Not only the submission handler, but add/remove fields, add markup, ... . Replace mymodule with the actual name of your module, in our example case changemyform. Next you need to scope it down to only effect your desired form:
function changemyform_form_alter( &$form, &$form_state,$form_id ){
 if ($form_id == 'my_desired_webform_form_id') {
 $form['#submit'][] = 'changemyform_submit_handler';
 }
}
Notice that I now replace mymodule with changemyform. As you can also see I have added a custom handler to the form's submit property. You will have to write this handler as a function which then will contain all the logic you desire. Thus the total module file now becomes (minus the <?php ?> tags):
function changemyform_form_alter( &$form, &$form_state,$form_id ){
 if ($form_id == 'my_desired_webform_form_id') {
 $form['#submit'][] = 'changemyform_submit_handler';
 }
}
function changemyform_submit_handler($form, &$form_state) {
 ... your submission logic ...
}
Now you are ready to write all the logic you need to capture the data on submit and do as you please.
Since this is a module, you should, of course, enable it in your administration modules overview screen for it to function.
Also (as a nitpick) when writing your own modules, do decorate each function with documentation headers that describe what each function does and what each parameter could hold. Even for tiny, trivial functions.
3
 - Thank you Timusan for your detailed explanation.. It helped me to solve this.
 – Rahul M
 Commented Oct 3, 2014 at 12:02
 - This is not working, I tried on D10, but this is not a solution.
 – Codemole
 Commented May 16, 2023 at 6:05
 - @Codemole, this answer is written 9 years ago, for Drupal 7. This answer, ofcourse, does not apply on recent versions of Drupal that are based on Symfony and have a completely different plugin setup.
 – Timusan
 Commented May 17, 2023 at 8:35
6
You can use hook_webform_submission_insert().
function MYMODULE_webform_submission_insert($node, $submission) {
 // Insert a record into a 3rd-party module table when a submission is added.
 db_insert('mymodule_table')
 ->fields(array(
 'nid' => $node->nid,
 'sid' => $submission->sid,
 'foo' => 'foo_data',
 ))
 ->execute();
}
2
In Drupal 8, the best way to refer to entity_insert hook -
Write this hook in MODULE_NAME.module file of your module folder
function MODULE_NAME_entity_insert(Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityInterface $entity) {
 if($entity->getEntityTypeId() == 'webform_submission') {
 $result = \Drupal::database()->insert('TABLE_NAME')
 ->fields([
 'nid' => $node->nid,
 'sid' => $submission->sid,
 'foo' => 'foo_data'
 ])
 ->execute();
 }
}
2
 - What is the purpose of adding this Drupal 8 code when the question is about Drupal 7? Commented Oct 5, 2020 at 15:52
 - 1
 @YashaHuynh people might arrive here from google for D8 / D9 too. Commented Nov 22, 2021 at 12:27
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The Correct spelling is: tight
Common misspellings of the word tight are:
How do you spell tight?. It is not
 - adj., tightÂ·er, tightÂ·est.
 1. Fixed or fastened firmly in place: a tight lid; tight screws; a tight knot.
 2. Stretched or drawn out fully: a tight wire; a tight drumhead.
 1. Leaving little empty space through compression; compact: a tight suitcase; a tight weave.
 2. Affording little spare time; full: a tight schedule.
 4. Closely reasoned or concise: a tight argument; a tight style of writing.
 6. Slang. Personally close; intimate: â€œme and the D.A., who happen to be very tight with one anotherâ€ (Tom Wolfe).
 7. Experiencing a feeling of constriction: a tight feeling in the chest.
 8. Reluctant to spend or give; stingy.
 1. Obtainable with difficulty or only at a high price: tight money.
 2. Affected by scarcity: a tight market.
 9. Difficult to deal with or get out of: a tight spot.
 10. Barely profitable: a tight bargain.
 11. Closely contested; close: a tight match.
 12. Chiefly British. Neat and trim in appearance or arrangement.
 13. Marked by full control over elements or subordinates; firm: tight management; a tight orchestral performance.
 14. Slang. Intoxicated; drunk.
 15. Baseball. Inside.
 adv., tightÂ·er, tightÂ·est.
 1. Firmly; securely.
 2. Soundly: sleep tight.
 3. Snugly or with constriction: My shoes are laced too tight.
 [Middle English, dense, of Scandinavian origin.]
 tightly tight'ly adv.
 tightness tight'ness n.
 SYNONYMS tight, taut, tense. These adjectives mean not slack or loose on account of being pulled or drawn out fully: a tight skirt; taut sails; tense piano strings.
 USAGE NOTE Tight is used as an adverb following verbs that denote a process of closure or constriction, as squeeze, shut, close, tie, and hold. In this use it is subtly distinct from the adverb tightly. Tight denotes the state resulting from the process, whereas tightly denotes the manner of its application. As such, tight is more appropriate when the focus is on a state that endures for some time after the activity has ended. The sentence She closed up the house tight suggests preparation for an impending blizzard. By the same token, it is more natural to say The windows were frozen tight than The windows were frozen tightly, since in this case the tightness of the seal is not likely to be the result of the manner in which the windows were frozen. With a few verbs tight is used idiomatically as an intensive and is the only possible form: sleep tight; sit tight. Tight can be used only following the verb: The house was shut tight (not tight shut).
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text:
Pyrogenesis files provisional patent for high purity silicon production
Stephen LawOptoelectronics Semiconductors Engineering
PyroGenesis Canada Inc., a Montreal-based clean-tech company that designs, develops, manufactures and commercializes plasma waste-to-energy systems and plasma torch products, has filed a provisional patent for a one step process using plasma for producing high purity silicon from silica.
The PUREVAP is a proprietary process that uses a plasma arc within a vacuum furnace to produce high purity, metallurgical grade silicon (MG-Si), solar grade silicon (UMG Si) and polysilicon from quartz.
"We expect this process to not only have strategic significance with respect to silicon, but will allow PyroGenesis to further develop distinct plasma processes geared to refining other high grade and valuable metals as well," says Pierre Carabin, director of engineering of PyroGenesis. "Applying plasma to silica in this manner is another example of how PyroGenesis is finding high value niche markets for its plasma based processes."
"Advances in solar energy and electronic applications have made silicon a strategic material in the 21st century. The world consumption of silicon metal in 2014 alone exceeded US$6 billion," adds, PyroGenesis president and CEO Peter Pascali. "Therefore, there is a significant need to finding ways to reduce the cost of producing strategic materials and PyroGenesis' processes are poised to do just that."


text:
Alghero is one of the most frequented areas by divers in Northern
Sardinia. One of its most distinctive aspects is the presence of
caves and caverns, derived to geological history of that area. Alghero
offers dive sites suitable for all kinds of activities: from introduction
dive to the highest degree. The presence of a protected marine area
for several years has contributed to the recovery of many species
The proposed routes will respect the level and experience of the
individual and its will be chosen about also the weather conditions.
The presence of numerous caves and underwater caves make it even
more fascinating diving in Alghero, giving more excitement and a
chance to meet animal species, otherwise unusual.


Ask Your Question
Multiple captioned images
asked 2019-07-04 02:31:50 +0100
artefacts gravatar image
updated 2020-08-07 16:41:45 +0100
Alex Kemp gravatar image
I am trying to make a photo tutorial document of multiple captioned images with no text apart from the captions, but the images won't stay where I position them between saving and closing the document and then opening it again. A few of the images end up partly underneath a neighbouring image or half off the page and cannot be dragged back to where they should be. I have tried to anchor each captioned image as a character, but it's not solved the problem.
Is there any way to make such a document where the images will stay where they are put, and can be added to between editing sessions?
edit retag flag offensive close merge delete
Of course, you can. But without the exact description of the anchors, we can't help much.
ajlittoz gravatar imageajlittoz ( 2019-07-04 07:45:06 +0100 )edit
I'm sorry, but I don't understand what you mean by an "exact description of the anchors".
artefacts gravatar imageartefacts ( 2019-07-04 07:54:23 +0100 )edit
For captioned images, you need to understand that you are dealing with two objects actually: an image, and a frame around the image, which holds the image and its caption. So, you need to make sure that you set anchoring of frame to As Character, if you want to define the placement correctly.
Showing formatting marks and text boundaries is very convenient way to understand what elements your document actually consists of.
Mike Kaganski gravatar imageMike Kaganski ( 2019-07-04 08:35:33 +0100 )edit
1 Answer
Sort by » oldest newest most voted
answered 2019-07-04 08:18:40 +0100
When working with the inserted objects and their positions in Writer, one should first try to understand two important concepts: what anchoring the object means, and what positioning the object means.
image description
Anchoring is what is there in the document content, to which this object is linked (some fundamental entity, such as a paragraph, or a character, or a frame): it means that when that entity moves in the document, the anchored objects may move with that entity. Anchoring creates semantical link between the text content and the inserted objects: the link means something like "this object helps to understand, or decorates, or otherwise relates to this part of document"; and naturally, when e.g. the paragraph goes a couple pages forth, it doesn't make sense that a picture that illustrates something in that paragraph would stay where it were, two pages behind.
There are five possible anchoring modes: To Paragraph; To Character; As Character; To Frame; and To Page. The latter one is very special, and actually is very unfortunate to even exist. While the first four mean that an object is linked to some real fundamental document elements - paragraphs, characters, or frames, that actually constitute the document, - the To Page anchoring links objects with something ephemeral, dynamic in the world of text processing software, to something created and destroyed on demand: to a page number. Any given page is only existing there because there's some text that needs to be placed on a page. As soon as the text gets modified/reformatted, it might take less paper space than before, and any given page may become unnecessary. Or the text may grow, edits may insert content before any given text, and so any paragraph may move to following pages. But objects linked to "page number" would stay where they were, would not move anywhere; would cause blank pages to be kept - just to let the linked object stay there. There's nothing in the document that would let these objects move forward or backward - if you insert more pages "before" such objects, the objects would "jump" to "previous" pages, actually keeping anchored to the same "page number 3 in the document, no matter what". I strongly advocate against this type of anchoring.
In essence, all types of anchoring allow to define unambiguously on which page a given anchored object will be placed: for To Paragraph, To Character, As Character, To Frame, this is the page where the linked entity is placed; for To Page, it's a fixed page (as discussed).
But anchoring, while giving us the page on which the object is placed, doesn't yet describe the image position on the page (with the exception of As Character anchoring). In case of the four "floating" anchoring modes (To Paragraph; To Character; To Frame; and To Page), positioning plays role in placement on page (and even for As Character, it has some significance).
So, positioning is the way to tell where the object will be placed... (more)
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Thank you for that exhaustive explanation. As I mentioned in the OP, I have anchored each image 'As Character', and I still have a few overlapping/floating off page problems. However, I didn't know about the importance of positioning. I will try to make another document, being careful to anchor and position each image as I add it, and see if that will stay'set' upon closing and reopening the document.
artefacts gravatar imageartefacts ( 2019-07-04 08:35:51 +0100 )edit
Very clear and exhaustive information +1
ajlittoz gravatar imageajlittoz ( 2019-07-04 09:54:39 +0100 )edit
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