So far, 2014 in performance art went a little something like this: a woman threw up colorful milk on Lady Gaga, a man danced around with a rooster tied to his penis, and a woman gave birth to paint-filled eggs—all of which pales in comparison to the latest act by an artist who has no fear of baring it all in public.
On May 29, Deborah de Robertis, a performance artist from Luxembourg, strutted into Paris' Museé d'Orsay in a gold, sequined dress, plopped down in front of Gustave Courbet's Origin of the World, and spread her legs to reveal everything...and we mean everything.
This might not make a lot of sense to you who are unfamiliar with Courbet's masterpiece, but the famous painting actually depicts a woman's vagina in all its incredible detail, something only a Realist painter like Courbet could pull off.
Mimicking Courbet's painting, which shook the sensibility of audiences in 1866 to their core, Robertis shows that a woman's genitalia can turn just as many heads today—shocker.
As soon as she lifted up her skirt at the museum, guards descended on Robertis while many visitors applauded her bravado. You can watch the whole NSFW incident go down here.
RELATED: A Woman Publicly "Gave Birth" to a Painting at Art Cologne
RELATED: Artist Is Found Guilty of Sexual Exhibitionism for Dancing With a Rooster Tied to His Penis
[via Hyperallergic


TIP 165: A User-Data Field for Virtual Events
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Bounty program for improvements to Tcl and certain Tcl packages.
Author: Donal K. Fellows <[email protected]>
State: Final
Type: Project
Vote: Done
Created: 17-Nov-2003
Post-History:
Keywords: Tk,substitution
Tcl-Version: 8.5
Tk-Ticket: _PHONE_
Abstract
This TIP proposes adding to virtual events a new field that is not interpreted by Tk. This will make it far easier for user-code to pass information between creators and consumers of events instead of forcing the use of fragile global variables for this purpose.
Rationale
Virtual events are a powerful mechanism in Tk for representing window-related occurrences which are not part of the underlying window system's basic event model. Examples of these higher-level events include <> and <>, both of which may represent either particular key actions or particular mouse movements/clicks, but neither of which has deep significance to the windowing system. They are very important to the application though!
There is a problem with virtual events though, and that is that they do not provide a way of passing some kind of event-specific information via the event. This means, among other things, that neither of the events mentioned above can actually say what it was that was selected, despite the fact that that would be a natural piece of information to include.
Other potential uses include in a drag-and-drop system, where the information passed might be the data being dropped, and perhaps even inside Tk itself where refactoring many widgets (e.g. the spinbox or the scrollbar) to use virtual events for their semantic events would allow for programmers to track what is going on more easily, a refactoring which would require extra information describing which subcomponent of those widgets is being activated. (Actually doing such a refactoring is outside the scope of this TIP though.)
Specification
To make this happen, an extra field is required in the XVirtualEvent defined in generic/tk.h, which will be placed at the end of the structure and which will be declared like this (in keeping with the field naming scheme in the rest of that structure):
 Tcl_Obj *user_data;
This field will normally be NULL, but if not it must be a pointer to a Tcl_Obj structure with a non-zero reference count. (This will still leave the XVirtualEvent structure smaller than an XCrossingEvent so no change to core structure sizes will be seen.) Once the event has had all its binding callbacks called on it, the reference count of the user_data field will be decremented once (if it is non-NULL, of course.) It will be up to the caller of Tk_HandleEvent() or Tk_QueueWindowEvent() (depending on whether the event is being handled synchronously or asynchronously, respectively) to increment the reference count.
The contents of that field will be substituted in binding scripts using the %d substitution ("d" for "data"), with a NULL being treated like an empty string. Empty strings (and NULLs) will be substituted as {}, similarly to the %A substitution when a key press does not have a character associated with it.
Generation of a virtual event with a non-NULL user_data field will be done using a new event-field option to event generate: -data. The value passed to that option will be the object to place inside the user_data field.
Reference Implementation
_URL_
Copyright
This document is placed in the public domain.


text: A series of five experiments were conducted to explore suitable conditions for storing of goldfish embryos in a chilled state. The factors studied were embryo stage, storage temperature, physiological saline solutions and goldfish artificial coelomic fluid (GFACF) medium, antibiotics (penicillin and streptomycin), antioxidants (vitamin E, vitamin C), buffer (Hepes, Tris) and BSA (bovine serum albumin). First, goldfish embryos at eight developmental stages were incubated in aerated and dechlorinated tap water at 0°C for 24 h. Result shows that early developmental stages were most sensitive to chilling. Heartbeat-stage goldfish embryos were chilled at 0, 4 or 8°C for up to 72 h in water, and chilled storage was possible only for up to 18, 24 and 48 h at 0, 4 and 8°C, respectively, without a decrease in viability. Chilling of goldfish embryos at 8°C in GFACF medium and Dettlaff's solution instead of water and other physiological saline solutions prolonged their viability (p < 0.01). Nevertheless, viability of chilled embryos in GFACF medium was slightly, but non-significantly, higher than in Dettlaff's solution. Supplementation of the GFACF medium with antibiotics, Hepes or BSA increased the viability of chilled embryos, but the tested vitamin E analogue Trolox, vitamin C or Tris concentration had no effect on embryo viability. The outcome of this series of experiments shows that heartbeat-stage goldfish embryos could be chilled for 60 h in GFACF supplemented with 25 mm Hepes, 100 U/ml penicillin, 10 μg/l streptomycin and 1 g/l BSA in such a way that embryonic development does not proceed, and viability is not lost.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Deforesting the Earth by Michael Williams, University of Chicago Press, $70, ISBN _PHONE_
The Earth Remains Forever: Generations at the crossroads Rob Jackson, University of Texas Press, $45, ISBN _PHONE_
ON 8 MARCH 1862, a Confederate ironclad single-handedly attacked a blockading Union fleet of wooden ships, and won. It marked a turning point, says Michael Williams. "From that moment a drain of the world's forests that had gone on for thousands of years stopped suddenly and dramatically."
To continue reading this article, subscribe to receive access to all of newscientist.com, including 20 years of archive content.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Increases in stress hormone levels in a UK population during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective cohort study by R. Jia, K. Ayling, C. Coupland, T. Chalder, A. Massey, U. Nater, E. Broadbent, N. Gasteiger, W. Gao, C. Kirschbaum and K. Vedhara
January 24, 2023
Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2023, vol 148, 105992
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused ubiquitous, widespread increases in psychological distress. We hypothesized that this distress may also result in perturbations in stress hormones given psychoneuroendocrine connections between the brain and body.
We examined a large UK-wide community cohort (N=827) who provided 2 x 3cm hair samples prior to the UK's first lockdown and approximately 3 months later during lockdown. We found that hair cortisone increased, on average, by 23% between these two periods, with the greatest cortisone increase in those reporting greatest stress. The immune regulatory properties of cortisone provide a plausible mechanism by which distress increases SARS-CoV-2 risk.


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Associations between polymorphisms within the thymidylate synthase gene and spina bifida
Polymorphisms within the thymidylate synthase (TS) gene that influence enzyme activity may affect plasma folate levels and, indirectly, plasma homocysteine concentrations. We investigated whether TS polymorphisms contribute to spina bifida (SB) risk, given that a reduction in the risk of SB has been linked to folate metabolism.
Genomic DNA was extracted from newborn-screening blood spots obtained from case infants with SB, and randomly selected, nonmalformed control infants. Genotype frequencies of two polymorphisms in the TS gene—a 28-bp tandem repeat in the promoter enhancer region (TSER) and a 6-bp deletion in the 3′UTR—were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods. Additionally, all seven exons of the TS gene were sequenced to identify variations within the coding region of the gene.
We found that the TSER 2/2 homozygous genotype was associated with a slightly increased risk for SB infants (odds ratio [OR] = 1.4 [0.8–2.4], p = 0.1). When the cohort was divided into separate ethnic groups, this risk increased by 4-fold with the TSER 2/2 homozygous genotype (OR = 4.0 [1.8–8.8], p = 0.001), and by 3-fold with the 3′UTR +/+ homozygous genotype (OR = 3.6 [1.3–10.1], p = 0.02) in non-Hispanic white cases. The combined TSER,3′UTR (2/2,+/+) genotype showed a more than 4-fold increased risk for SB within this specific ethnic group (OR = 4.7 [1.1–19.8], p = 0.04).
This study is the first to evaluate how TS polymorphisms contribute to the risk of SB. The current findings indicate that polymorphisms in the untranslated regions of the TS gene are associated with 4-fold or more increased risks of SB in non-Hispanic whites, but not in Hispanic whites, African-Americans, or Asian-Americans. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.


text:
- views of 3D objects
- using views to draw a 3D object
- making nets for 3D objects
- using nets to find surface area
- using formulas to find the surface area of 3D objects
3D objects studied are:
*note that Circumference and Hypotenuse calculations may be needed to find some of these surface areas.
Review questions can be found at the end of Chapter 5.
PROJECTS - Due April 10th.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Definitions for absorbanceæbˈsɔr bəns, -ˈzɔrRandom House Webster's College Dictionary
ab•sorb•ance*æbˈsɔr bəns, -ˈzɔr-(n.)
the capacity of a substance to absorb radiation.
Origin of absorbance:
A logarithmic measure of the amount of light that is absorbed when passing through a substance.


text:
Module 3: Material flow analysis
Module 3 shall introduce techniques and methodologies of Material Flow Analysis (MFA) of the built environment dynamic as an instrument to calculate demand and supply in the minerals mining industry in order to foster optimized planning in the context of mining and waste management activities. The output is projected as a forecasting tool suitable to analyze future demand for construction materials, future amounts of construction and demolition waste as well as for quantifying impacts of mining activities on land-use conditions in the hinterland provinces of Hanoi.
Responsible partner in Germany:
Leibniz Institute of Ecological Urban and Regional Development (IOER), Dresden


text:
China's blistering heatwave strains power grid, threatens rice, cotton crops
Shining BD Desk || Shining BD
Scorching temperatures across China are straining power grids as the country tries to ramp up industrial activity to support the economy, while farmers scramble to save crops such as rice and cotton from the impact of the searing heat.
Several regions have already posted record power demand and have cut electricity to factories at peak hours to make sure there's enough to keep air conditioners running. Rice crops and fruit and vegetables in southern China are at risk of being damaged by the heat, and melting glaciers are causing floods in the cotton-growing regions of Xinjiang.
The heat is testing China's ability to keep its factories running, from the eastern manufacturing center of Zhejiang that borders Shanghai to the technology hub of Shenzhen in the south. The disruptions in the world's no. 2 economy are yet another sign of the risks posed by increasingly frequent extreme weather events caused by climate change. India, Europe and the US have also been ravaged by heat waves this summer.
China has so far avoided the widespread power curtailments that hit the country last fall when there was a nationwide shortage of coal. The authorities have expressed confidence that the current situation is manageable, not least because the supply of coal is much higher after miners were ordered to raise production to record levels.
At a briefing on Wednesday, the National Energy Administration pointed to a 52% increase in power plant inventories to 170 million tons at the end of the first half, a record for that time of year. But those stockpiles will have since been depleted by over a month of persistently hot weather. Inventories held in six power plants in the industry-heavy coastal regions dropped to a four-year low last week of less than 12 days usage, according to China Coal Resources.
"Most cities could see demand hikes through August, but we expect a less severe power crunch this year," said BloombergNEF analyst Hanyang Wei.
The focus is now on southern China and another bout of hot weather that's expected over the next 10 days, according to the China Meteorological Administration.
But in the case of the southern economic powerhouse of Guangdong, where the heat wave has pushed demand much closer to the grid's limits this year, it's equipment malfunctions rather than a shortage of coal that has caused problems, BNEF's Hanyang said.
China expects its energy demand to grow in the second half of the year after various measures to stimulate the economy, leading to another surge in coal, gas and power demand in the winter, said Li Fulong, an official at the NEA.


text:
ACES' Risk Management Approach
Systematic and Disciplined Approach
ACES encourages a systematic disciplined approach to energy risk management. This approach has two main components: the Energy Risk Management Cycle and Integrated Portfolio Management.
The Energy Risk Management Cycle is an iterative 6-step process that provides a foundation for identifying, understanding, and effectively managing energy risks.
Step 1. Risk Identification and Quantification
Before risks can be effectively managed, they must be identified and measured using either statistical tools or a qualitative approach.
Step 2. Establish Risk Tolerance and Risk Management Policies
After priority risks are identified, Energy Risk Management policies are developed to formalize risk objectives, risk tolerance, a decision making process, and identify authority for individuals or committees to carry out transactions.
Step 3. Develop Hedge Plans and Execution Strategies
ACES develops policies for establishing the boundaries for managing risk and execution strategies for implementation and compliance purposes.
Step 4. Implement Controls and Procedures
Risk Management Policies need to be supported by controls and procedures to ensure an appropriate level of oversight.
Step 5. Execute the Hedging Strategy
With a clear understanding of the risks being taken, Energy Risk Management policies in place, a hedging strategy developed, and controls and procedures in place, the hedging strategy can be executed.
Step 6. Risk Monitoring, Measuring, and Reporting
Existing risks should be continuously monitored and reported up through the risk management governance structure. As new risks emerge, they should be reported through a systematic process to determine if policies or strategies need to be altered.
Integrated Portfolio Management
Integrated Portfolio Management takes this cycle as a starting point and adds several components to create an approach to managing energy risks, which is complete and consistent across the entire organization.
1. All Commodities, Products, and Resources
All commodities, products, and resources (both physical and financial) need to be included in the Energy Risk Management Process.
2. Sufficiently Long Time Horizon
The time horizon for managing risk needs to be sufficiently long to capture all significant risks and opportunities.
3. Coordinated Strategy Development
Development of risk management strategies should be coordinated across all components of the power supply portfolio and should reflect a structure based on transparency, open exchange, and information sharing.
4. Sophisticated Software Tools
Sophisticated analytical tools are needed to simultaneously evaluate several major risk factors in a probabilistic fashion, allowing "what if" scenarios to be quickly analyzed in the development of risk management strategies.
5. Well-Defined Business Processes
Software tools need to be complemented with well-defined business processes to create a seamless approach to integrated portfolio management.
6. Clear, Accurate, and Timely Reporting
Clear, accurate, and timely risk and performance reporting are critical for tracking risk and risk management performance.


text:
Scrabble word: LAZARETTO
In which Scrabble dictionary does LAZARETTO exist?
Definitions of LAZARETTO in dictionaries:
- noun - hospital for persons with infectious diseases (especially leprosy)
- noun - a small locker at the stern of a boat or between decks of a ship
- A hospital treating contagious diseases.
- A building or ship used as a quarantine station.
- A storage space between the decks of a ship.
There are 9 letters in LAZARETTO: A A E L O R T T Z
Scrabble words that can be created with an extra letter added to LAZARETTO
All anagrams that could be made from letters of word LAZARETTO plus a wildcard: LAZARETTO?
Scrabble words that can be created with letters from word LAZARETTO
9 letter words
7 letter words
6 letter words
5 letter words
4 letter words
3 letter words
2 letter words
Images for LAZARETTO
SCRABBLE is the registered trademark of Hasbro and J.W. Spear & Sons Limited. Our scrabble word finder and scrabble cheat word builder is not associated with the Scrabble brand - we merely provide help for players of the official Scrabble game. All intellectual property rights to the game are owned by respective owners in the U.S.A and Canada and the rest of the world. Anagrammer.com is not affiliated with Scrabble. This site is an educational tool and resource for Scrabble & Words With Friends players.


openfl.net
..
FileFilter
FileReference
FileReferenceList
NetConnection
NetStream
ObjectEncoding
SharedObject
The SharedObject class is used to read and store limited amounts of data on a user's computer or on a server. Shared objects offer real-time data sharing between multiple client SWF files and objects that are persistent on the local computer or remote server. Local shared objects are similar to browser cookies and remote shared objects are similar to real-time data transfer devices. To use remote shared objects, you need Adobe Flash Media Server.
SharedObjectFlushStatus
The SharedObjectFlushStatus class provides values for the code returned from a call to the SharedObject.flush() method.
Socket
URLLoader
The URLLoader class downloads data from a URL as text, binary data, or URL-encoded variables. It is useful for downloading text files, XML, or other information to be used in a dynamic, data-driven application.
URLLoaderDataFormat
The URLLoaderDataFormat class provides values that specify how downloaded data is received.
URLRequest
The URLRequest class captures all of the information in a single HTTP request. URLRequest objects are passed to the load() methods of the Loader, URLStream, and URLLoader classes, and to other loading operations, to initiate URL downloads. They are also passed to the upload() and download() methods of the FileReference class.
URLRequestDefaults
URLRequestHeader
A URLRequestHeader object encapsulates a single HTTP request header and consists of a name/value pair. URLRequestHeader objects are used in the requestHeaders property of the URLRequest class.
URLRequestMethod
The URLRequestMethod class provides values that specify whether the URLRequest object should use the POST method or the GET method when sending data to a server.
URLStream
URLVariables
The URLVariables class allows you to transfer variables between an application and a server. Use URLVariables objects with methods of the URLLoader class, with the data property of the URLRequest class, and with flash.net package functions.
XMLSocket


text:
This lesson will feature how to decorate a masquerade mask with mixed media.
I demonstrated how to sculpt a mask out of clay in How to Make a Masquerade Mask Part I.
Here are the supplies you will need:
- A clay mask, plaster cloth mask, or paper mache mask
- Golden's Regular Gel (Matte)
- An assortment of scrapbook paper
- Acrylic paints
- Embellishments as desired, such as feathers


favolyogando scatola chiusa.jpg
kit: 23,5 cm x 23,5 cm box, 24 cards with the positions of yoga, a soft-bound book.
book: soft-bound, 32 pages, 23 cm × 23 cm.
cards: 26 cardboard cards, with an illustration on one side and a description of the position on the other.
by Sofia Gallo, Camilla Guillaume & Elena Baboni
A gift-set made up of a book of four original stories that use common names taken from yoga positions to develop the story (the boat, the bridge, the frog, the mountain...) and of 24 cards of positions with drawings and descriptions of the movements to follow in order to play, invent and feel good thanks to yoga, starting from childhood.
Yogaventures is more than a gallery of the numerous existing yoga positions. It is rather a veritable tool designed to help do yoga correctly, while having fun. The positions are presented in a logical order, whether it be throughout the book or within each of the four stories.
Why a book about yoga for children? Because yoga, which means unity, balance of the body and the spirit, is a very ancient art of living: the earlier we familiarise ourselves with its practice, the greater the benefits are. What's more, practising yoga is easy and devoid of any form of competition and excessive physical effort. The cards are an excellent way of inventing news modes of playing, between story and yoga.
scatola aperta 1.jpg
schede yoga.jpg
Favolyopgando text 6-7.jpg
Favolyopgando text 12-13.jpg


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Effect of cultivation conditions on spore production from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B128 and its antagonism to Botrytis elliptica
To maximize spore production by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B128, and its antagonism to the fungal pathogen Botrytis elliptica B061. Methods and Results:
In the 5-l stirred-tank bioreactor (STR), with the 0·5 vvm aeration rate, an agitation rate of 200 rev min−1 significantly enhanced the spore yield compared to the same in 300 rev min−1 cultivations. In a 20-l airlift bioreactor (ALR) the maximal spore production was further increased with a controlled aeration rate of 2·5 vvm operated in a 24-mesh net-draft tube mode, and no pH control cultivation. This spore yield in the 20-l ALR was five- and eightfold higher; in addition the cultivation period was 19 h shorter, compared to that obtained from shaker flask and in the 5-l STR cultivations respectively. Conclusions:
Although culture conditions are still to be optimized, by using an ALR with net-draft tube, a scaling up from shaker flasks and STR to ALR of spore production by the strain B128 is technically feasible. Significance and Impact of the Study:
The spore yields obtained using bioreactors were much higher than those previously reported. The freshly produced spore preparations from the B128 strain significantly antagonized the grey mould pathogen B. elliptica.
Document Type: Research Article
Affiliations: 1: Institute of Biotechnology, Chaoyang University of Technology, Wufeng, Taiwan, Republic of China 2: Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, Republic of China 3: Department of Horticulture and Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
Publication date: 01 May 2008


text:
The Rise and Fall of the WASP and Jewish Law Firms
University of Denver Sturm College of Law
Stanford Law Review, Forthcoming
U Denver Legal Studies Research Paper No. 08-15
During their golden era in the 1950s and 1960s, large American law firms were segregated along religious and cultural lines between WASP and Jewish law firms. The rise and success of large law firms with distinctive religious and cultural identities is surprising because the large firm was purportedly a-religious and meritocratic.
This Article asserts that the large WASP law firm, despite its ostensibly a-religious organizational structure, had a deeply rooted religious and cultural identity. Its commitments to Protestant values and white-shoe ethos help explain its rise at the turn of the nineteenth century, its successful campaign for elite professional status within the ranks of the legal profession, and its dominance until 1945. Moreover, the religious and cultural identity of the large WASP firm also explains the rise and success of its main competitor after 1945 - the Jewish law firm. Exploring the consequences of the WASP firm's commitments to Protestant values and white-shoe culture, this Article identifies unique reasons for the remarkable success story of the Jewish firm, whose growth rate far exceeded that of the WASP firm. Finally, the Article chronicles the disintegration of the religious identity of the large firm, WASP and, as a result, Jewish alike.
Number of Pages in PDF File: 66
Date posted: May 29, 2008
© 2015 Social Science Electronic Publishing, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Exact Answer: 5-7 Days
The term yogurt is also known as curd, which is prepared with the process of bacterial fermentation of the milk which is used to produce food items. The bacteria which are used to prepare yogurt are known as bacteria cultures. The bacteria in the milk produces lactic acid after the fermentation of sugar in the milk. The bacteria during fermentation act with the milk protein in the milk to give a suitable texture to yogurt, and characteristics to give the tart flavor to the yogurt.
The most common type of milk is used to prepare yogurt. The other types of milk used for the yogurt preparation are water buffalo, mares, ewes, goats, yaks, camels, pant milk, and any other type of milk. The milk used for the fermentation can be pasteurized or raw milk. The different types of milk used for yogurt production give different results and different qualities.
How Long Does Yogurt Last?
There are many different types of bacteria used for the fermentation of yogurts like streptococcus thermophilus, and Lactobacillus bacteria, and many other types of bacteria. Some people add lactobacilli bacteria during or after the culturing of the yogurt. There are many countries that prepare the yogurt at a certain amount of the colony-forming units also called CFU of bacteria.
Preparation of the yogurt is not a long or tough process. The milk should be firstly heated at a certain temperature of about 85 degrees Celcius. The heating of the milk helps to denature the milk protein so that it does not form curd. When the milk is heated, the second step is to cool the milk at a certain temperature of 45 degrees Celcius for further processing.
The third step in the yogurt preparation is adding bacterial culture at the warm temperature of about 30-45 degrees Celcius, and should be kept for at least 4 to 12 hours for the fermentation process. If the yogurt is kept at a high temperature the process of the fermentation becomes faster giving it a lumpy texture, and whey separation. Yogurt is produced and sold globally at a high level in the market.
Yogurt has a good taste and is a good source of nutrition like if the yogurt is been prepared from whole milk they are a good source. The yogurt has water contain for about 81%, protein for about 9%, fat contains about 5%, carbohydrates for about 4%, and sugar content for about 4%. The yogurt has 406 kilojoules of food energy. They have some daily value contents like vitamin B12 for about 31%, riboflavin for about 23%, phosphorus for about 14%, selenium for about 19%, and some moderate amount of protein also.
Why Does Yogurt Last That Long?
The yogurt needs to be prepared properly with proper precaution. The yogurt which is prepared with raw milk is considered to be dangerous, as it can get easily contaminated with bacteria. The bacteria can be dangerous causing illness, and death in some severe conditions. The major illness they cause is Listeria, Cryptosporidium, Campylobacter, Brucella, Salmonella, and E. Coli.
The yogurt can also be contaminated with some other types of organisms like Aflatoxin. This Aflatoxin produces some harmful products like Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus Nomius, Aspergillus parasitics, and many more. The yogurt which is prepared at homes in the traditional way gets contaminated after then the yogurt which is prepared in industry.
Yogurt is the major milk product, and some people are lactose intolerant. People who are lactose intolerant need to avoid milk or dairy products because they can't digest the lactose which is sugar content in the milk. They are allergic to milk, and milk products. The milk products which are made prepared at home are more prone to get contaminated in a short duration of time. People should be very careful before consuming any food item whether they are packed or unpacked.
The yogurt prepared with cow milk is considered to be the best and recommended by doctors, and dietitians.
I've put so much effort writing this blog post to provide value to you. It'll be very helpful for me, if you consider sharing it on social media or with your friends/family. SHARING IS ♥
Sandeep Bhandari is the founder of ExactlyHowLong.com website.
I am a professional full-time blogger, a digital marketer, and a trainer. I love anything related to the Web and I try to learn new technologies every day.
All the team management, content creation, and monetization tasks are handled by me. Together with the team at ExactlyHowLong, the aim is to provide useful and engaging content to our readers.
In game development, I love playing with every different engine, toolset, and framework I can find. In digital art, I love everything from painting to vector work to pixel art to 3D modeling.
In short, if it's creative and you can make it digitally, I love it.


text:
b. ? d. ?
DATE OF EM ACTION: 03/03/1908 Seven Sisters Colliery, Neath, South Wales.
Very little is known about the life of coal miner Morgan Howells, other than his actions at the Seven Sisters Colliery in Neath, South Wales on 3rd March 1908.
On 3rd March, 1908, an explosion took place at the Neath Colliery, by which five men were killed and others injured. Morgan Howells and a boy, whose lamps were extinguished, began to make their way out, but the boy became almost insensible and was dragged and carried by Howells 500 yards to a place of safety.
BURIAL LOCATION: UNKNOWN.
LOCATION OF MEDAL: UNKNOWN.


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Get ready for the fashion industry to lose its collective mind over the latest Costume Institute exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, if Monday morning's preview is any indication.
Of course, it's easy to be dazzled by "Rei Kawakubo/Comme des Garcons: Art of the In-Between," which opens to the public in New York on Thursday and runs through Sept. 4. Roughly 150 works from the Japanese designer are on display, each an example of Kawakubo's unending desire to explore the relationship between clothes and the body while also defying fashion conventions.
"Art of the In-Between" translates as designs grouped together to create thoughts of juxtaposition and tension, from "Object/Subject" and "Fashion/Anti-Fashion" to "Then/Now" and "Self/Other." This retrospective of largely sculptural designs is presented in a space that likewise seeks to disrupt notions of a typical museum experience. The bright, airy gallery features frames and pod-like structures that house Kawakubo's avant-garde designs, while other pieces are presented in open environments at eye level, just inches from the viewer.
At the remarks that followed the preview, Andrew Bolton, curator in charge of The Costume Institute, explained that, at Kawakubo's request, there is no text on the walls to describe either the exhibition or individual pieces (a booklet is available upon request), while there also is no set route to view the show. "The idea is to engage with Rei's fashions on a more personal level," said Bolton. "Visitors are encouraged to forge their own pathway to discovery."
Fluorescent lights overhead, meanwhile, are meant to focus your attention on the fashion while embracing the intimacy between artwork and visitor. "Museum lighting typically creates an effect of separating the visitor from the artwork," Bolton pointed out. Metropolitan Museum of Art director Thomas P. Campbell called the overall approach "unlike anything we've ever done before."
Bolton and Campbell were joined at the preview by Caroline Kennedy, former United States ambassador to Japan and honorary chair of Monday night's Met Gala, the year's primary fundraiser for The Costume Institute. Anna Wintour, chief planner of the Met Gala since 1999, sat on the front row for the remarks; the Vogue editor-in-chief, whose name was attached to the Costume Institute in 2014, is said to have been influential in the choice of a retrospective of the 74-year-old designer's work. Kawakubo is only the second living designer to be honored with a solo retrospective at The Costume Institute — the first was Yves Saint Laurent in 1983. (It also should be noted that Kawakubo doesn't care for the word "retrospective," as it implies the past, while she is only interested in moving forward, said Bolton.)
The famously elusive Kawakubo did not make any remarks during the preview, but Kennedy said she was happy to stand in for her, as the pair became friends during her three years of diplomatic service in Tokyo. "On the streets of Tokyo and the smaller cities of Japan, you can tell when you get close to a Comme des Garcons store: People are walking the street in her image, wearing amazing clothes, transcending rules, inspired by the freedom she's given them to explore what's new," said Kennedy. "There is something about the uncompromising originality of her work, the commitment to excellence, the attention to detail and the closeness of her team that embodies the sensibility of Japan."
Each year the spring Costume Institute exhibition strives to inject new thoughts into that eternal question: "Is fashion art?" Kawakubo may be the strongest argument yet in the affirmative, and is sure to inspire conversations that extend beyond pedestrian notions of clothes. Said Kennedy, "In today's world, where we each need to figure out what we believe in, and how to stand for something, this exhibition has a lot to teach us."
"Rei Kawakubo/Comme des Garcons: Art of the In-Between," May 1-Sept. 4, metmuseum.org.
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Emancipation is a legal way for children to become adults before they are 18. Once a child is emancipated, his or her parents do not have custody or control of him or her anymore. Emancipation is usually forever. But the court can cancel the emancipation if the minor asking for the emancipation lies to the court or is no longer able to support himself or herself.
If you are emancipated, you can do some things without your parent's permission, like:
If you are emancipated, you will give up the right to be supported by your parents.
Even if you are emancipated:
Note: If you have a legal guardian, all of the information in this section about parents applies to your legal guardian and your case, too.
There are 3 ways to get emancipated:
If you do not want to live with your parents, you do not necessarily have to get emancipated. You can:
You can learn a lot more about emancipation by reading Legal Services for Children's Emancipation Manual. This manual has a lot of answers about emancipation for teenagers.
Read the Emancipation Pamphlet (Form MC-301) for more information about the court process.


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They Had a Dream: The Civil Rights Struggle
Puffin Books / 1996 / Paperback
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Four biographies are presented by award-winning historian Jules Archer as the encapsulation of the Civil Rights struggle. Frederick Douglass agitated for slaves' freedom; Marcus Garvey helped develop black nationalism and pride as black people struggled to overcome prejudice; Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcom X were both prominent during the 1960s Civil Rights struggle, though they advocated for rights in very different ways. All very unique men who advocated for various rights through time, these men provided the leadership and pride throughout the Civil Rights Movement. 258 pages, indexed, softcover.
Traces the progression of the civil rights movement and its effect on history through biographical sketches of four prominent and influential African Americans: Frederick Douglass, Marcus Garvey, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Malcolm X.
Jules Archer lives in Scotts Valley, California.
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To: J3 12-136r2 From: Bill Long Subject: Coarray TS features Date: 2012 February 17 References: 09-184, 11-256r2, N1858, N1906 Summary: ======= Proposal 11 in 11-256r2 concerns the overall scope of the proposed Technical Specification for Fortran Coarray extensions. The consensus of J3 is that the scope should be limited. This recommendation is in keeping with the general purpose of a TS, which is to address circumstances "when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents". Of the remaining 10 Proposals in 11-256r2, these features, as described in this paper, are recommended by J3 for inclusion in the TS in this order of priority, assuming no serious technical flaw is found: 1) Teams 2) Collectives 3) Atomic Operations 4) Synchronization using events 5) Parallel I/O J3 recommends that these features from 11-256r1 not be included in the TS. 6) Remove restrictions on coarray components 7) THIS_IMAGE(X) be scalar if X has corank 1 8) Global pointers / Copointers 9) Asymmetric allocatable and pointer objects 10) Predicated copy_async intrinsic Beyond the Proposals in 11-256r1, no other features are recommended. Feature Descriptions: ===================== Feature 1: Teams ---------------- Teams provide a capability to restrict the image set of remote memory references, coarray allocations, and synchronizations to a subset of all the images of the program. This simplifies code for some applications that involve segregated activities (parts of a climate model, for example). Teams also provide a mechanism for limiting activity to a subset of the computer system that might result in better performance within the team (such as within a local SMP domain.) The simplest form of a team feature, as described in N1858, is not adequate. A richer form of teams is proposed with these characteristics: - A team of all images exists at the beginning of program execution. - An image is always a member of some team, and a member of only one team at a time. - Team variables, of type TEAM_TYPE (defined in ISO_FORTRAN_ENV), are used to identify new teams. The type has one public component with its value equal to the number of images in the team. - New teams can be formed with a new statement (SPLIT TEAM, or FORM TEAM) that defines the specified teams. The aggregate number of images in the teams shall equal the number of images in the current team. The new teams are composed of images with consecutive image numbers in the current team. A team variable cannot be defined other than by execution of the statement used to form teams. - A construct is provided to specify a new current team for the executing image. Possibilities are a WITH TEAM... END WITH TEAM construct, or a SELECT TEAM... END SELECT construct. Execution within the construct is on the context of the specified team. Image numbers are relative to the team, starting at 1 and ending with the number of images in the team. Collective activities, such as SYNC ALL, allocation and deallocation of coarrays, collective subroutine execution, and inquiry intrinsics such as THIS_IMAGE and NUM_IMAGES are relative to the team. All coarrays (including those with the SAVE attribute) allocated during execution of the construct shall be deallocated before execution of the construct completes. When execution of the construct completes, the current team reverts to its previous value. - Access to variables on images outside the current team is not permitted. The feature will require significant revision of the text in the standard, but the capabilities are sufficiently useful to justify the effort. Feature 2: Collectives ---------------------- Collective subroutines offer the possibility of substantially more efficient execution of reduction operations than would be possible by non-expert programmers. Corresponding routines are widely used in MPI programs. This feature has been the most widely requested in the discussion of coarrays. Intrinsic Collective subroutines: CO_SUM CO_MAX CO_MIN CO_BROADCAST CO_REDUCE See 11-193 for detailed descriptions of these subroutines. If Feature 1 (Teams) is accepted, the collective subroutines would not have a team argument. Instead, the collective operation is done by the members of the current team. If there is no form of teams implemented, a different method to specify a subset of the images is needed. An array specifying the list of images, similar to the array used for specifying an image list for SYNC IMAGES, should be considered. Feature 3: Atomic operations ----------------------------- Intrinsic subroutines implementing atomic memory operations provide the capability to write simple and efficient code for several common operations used in parallel programs. These capabilities are provided in other parallel programming models and have been available as extensions in some Fortran implementations (though with different syntax). A standard specification would improve the prospects for code portability. All of the proposed subroutines are intrinsic atomic subroutines, expanding the Fortran 2008 list of ATOMIC_DEFINE and ATOMIC_REF. Paper 09-184 provides a detailed description of ATOMIC_CAS. The other routines have similar semantics. The ATOM argument is atomically modified, based on the other arguments. If an optional OLD argument is present, it is assigned the value of ATOM immediately before the specified operation is performed. New Intrinsic Atomic subroutines: ATOMIC_CAS (ATOM, OLD, COMPARE, NEW)! Compare-and-swap ATOMIC_ADD (ATOM, VALUE [,OLD])! Atomic integer add ATOMIC_AND (ATOM, VALUE [,OLD])! Atomic bitwise AND ATOMIC_OR (ATOM, VALUE [,OLD])! Atomic bitwise OR ATOMIC_XOR (ATOM, VALUE [,OLD])! Atomic bitwise exclusive OR ATOMIC_SWAP (ATOM, VALUE)! Atomic swap ATOMIC_AX (ATOM, MASK, VALUE [,OLD])! Atomic bitwise and-xor The atomic and-xor operation replaces ATOM with ieor(iand(ATOM,MASK),VALUE). The atomic and-xor operation also provides the capability to perform atomic definitions of a subset of the bits of ATOM. Integrating this feature into the Fortran standard should be straightforward. New intrinsic procedures are added. Implications for the memory model semantics are already specified for execution of an atomic subroutine. Feature 4: Synchronization using events --------------------------------------- Events provide a capability for an image to signal (an)other image(s) which can then detect that the event has been posted. This replaces the NOTIFY/QUERY feature of N1858. It is superior to the old feature because the events are associated with user variables, so multiple events can exist for an image, and a library routine could establish events internally that would not interfere with notifications that might be occurring on an image separate from the library code. Terminology: An "event" is an abstraction of an issue of common interest to two or more images that is supposed to "occur" at a moment the "interested" images are "active". An image can "post" notification of the occurrence of an event to other image(s). An image can "query" for notification of the occurrence of an event, or it can "wait" for the notification of its occurrence. Functionality offered: 1. An image can notify other image(s) of the occurrence of an event. 2. An image can query the status of the event or wait for it to be notified. 3. Allow multiple images to wait/query for the notification of a single event. On waiting, one of them will quit waiting when notified. Syntax: EVENT POST (EVENT)! Post notification of the occurrence of EVENT EVENT QUERY (EVENT,STATE)! Query whether EVENT has occurred or not EVENT WAIT (EVENT)! Wait for notification on EVENT having occurred Semantics: EVENT is a data item accessible on all images interested in being notified of the occurrence of the associated event. EVENT is established as being a data item describing an event by the execution of EVENT POST on the image that wants to signal the occurrence of EVENT and by EVENT QUERY or EVENT WAIT on the image(s) that want to query or wait for EVENT to have occurred. Challenges/Questions: 1. It is an open question whether it is necessary to have a separate type for EVENTs; A scalar coarray of type integer might be sufficient. 2. Should definition of an event variable be prohibited other than by execution of EVENT POST or EVENT WAIT statements? 3. Another open question is how we specify that EVENT should start being "cleared", i.e., that the associated event hasn't occurred yet. 1. and 2. are decided/solved by defining a derived type for EVENT with a default initializer that sets it "cleared". 4. The following has to be translated to standardese to prevent illogical programs from being valid: The dynamical scope of EVENT must be such that it "exists" before, during and after all NOTIFY's and WAIT's/QUERY's on it are/have been processed. 5. The following syntax is proposed for (non-)local access to EVENT: POST(EVENT ) Notification on the local EVENT variable. POST(EVENT[n]) Notification on image n in the current TEAM. POST(EVENT[*]) Notification on all images in the current TEAM. QUERY/WAIT(EVENT) will likely refer to the local variable, as that is more efficient. Feature 5: Parallel I/O ----------------------- The purpose of the proposed parallel I/O feature is to allow multiple images to access the same file. This proposal extends the OPEN statement to allow a file to be connected to a collection of images. If teams are available, a TEAM= specifier that takes the values YES or NO is added to the OPEN statement. If the TEAM


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A new periodic recursive least-squares (PRLS) estimator is developed with data-weighting factors for a class of linear time-varying parametric systems where the uncertain parameters are periodic with a known periodicity. The periodical time-varying parameter can be regarded as a constant in the time interval of a periodicity. Then the proposed PRLS estimates the unknown time-varying parameter from period to period in batches. By using equivalent feedback principle, the feedback control law is constructed for the adaptive control. Another distinct feature of the proposed PRLS-based adaptive control is that the controller design and analysis are done via Lyapunov technology without any linear growth conditions imposed on the nonlinearities of the control plant. Simulation results further confirm the effectiveness of the presented approach.
"Data-Weighting Periodic RLS Based Adaptive Control Design and Analysis without Linear Growth Condition." J. Appl. Math. 2014 1 - 9, 2014. _URL_


A stochastic burst follows the periodic morning peak in individual Drosophila locomotion
Stanislav Lazopulo, Juan A. Lopez, Paul Levy, Sheyum Syed
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
5 Scopus citations
Abstract
Coupling between cyclically varying external light and an endogenous biochemical oscillator known as the circadian clock, modulates a rhythmic pattern with two prominent peaks in the locomotion of Drosophila melanogaster. A morning peak appears around the time lights turn on and an evening peak appears just before lights turn off. The close association between the peaks and the external 12:12 hour light/dark photoperiod means that respective morning and evening peaks of individual flies are well-synchronized in time and, consequently, feature prominently in population-averaged data. Here, we report on a brief but strong stochastic burst in fly activity that, in contrast to morning and evening peaks, is detectable only in single fly recordings. This burst was observed across 3 wild-type strains of Drosophila melanogaster. In a single fly recording, the burst is likely to appear once randomly within 0.5-5 hours after lights turn on, last for only 2-3 minutes and yet show 5 times greater activity compared to the maximum of morning peak with data binned in 3 minutes. Owing to its variable timing and short duration, the burst is virtually undetectable in population-averaged data. We use a locally-built illumination system to study the burst and find that its incidence in a population correlates with light intensity, with ∼85% of control flies showing the behavior at 8000 lux (1942 μW/cm2). Consistent with that finding, several mutant flies with impaired vision show substantially reduced frequency of the burst. Additionally, we find that genetic ablation of the clock has insignificant effect on burst frequency. Together, these data suggest that the pronounced burst is likely generated by a light-activated circuit that is independent of the circadian clock.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Article numbere0140481
JournalPloS one
Volume10
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 3 2015
ASJC Scopus subject areas
 - Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
 - Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all)
 - General
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Wings of Lace "Open your eyes the sky is full of butterfliesThe blossoms on the trees stir up the honey bees." — Spring Fever, Elvis Presley (Bill Giant, Bernie Baum, and Florence Kaye) Butterflies (by docjabagat)
Danaus gilippus (Queen butterfly) is a North and South American butterfly in the family Nymphalidae with a wingspan of mm. Photo by John Absher, taken at the Butterfly Exhibit at Tucson Botanic Gardens.
The European Peacock, more commonly known simply as the Peacock butterfly, is a colourful butterfly, found in Europe and temperate Asia as far east as Japan. Formerly classified as the only member of the genus Inachis.
typhlonectes: "The Old World Swallowtail - Papilio machaon … is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. Despite its common name Old World swallowtail, this species is not restricted to the Old World, as populations can occasionally be found in North.


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Given any binary log file, the information in this section describes how to determine the format in which it is written.
Some important points about descriptor event formats:
The v1 header fields are common to all formats. (v3 and v4
headers begin with the v1 header fields, and add
The v3 and v4 headers contain the same fields. The data part for v3 and v4 differs, such that the v4 data part enables extensions to the format without having to modify the header.
It would be possible to ascertain the binary log version
simply by reading the two
bytes, were it not for the fact that these bytes occur at a
different position in v1 compared to v3/v4 (position 13
versus 19). Therefore, it's necessary to determine whether
the first event in a file represents a v1-format start
To determine the version of a binary log file, use the following procedure:
1) The file begins with a 4-byte magic number. Skip over that to get to the first event in the file (which in most cases is a start event or format description event).
2) From the first event, read two values:
The 1-byte type code at position
EVENT_TYPE_OFFSET (4) within the event.
The 4-byte event length at position
EVENT_LEN_OFFSET (9) within the event.
3) If the type code is not
FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT, the file format is
v3. (See Exceptional Condition 1 later in this section.)
4) If the type code is
check the event length. If the length is less than 75, the file
format is v1, and v3 otherwise. Why the value 75? Because that
is the length of a v3 start event:
header (19 bytes)
binlog version (2 bytes)
server version (
ST_SERVER_VER_LEN = 50
timestamp (4 bytes)
Summing those lengths yields 19 + 2 + 50 + 4 = 75
Therefore, if the event is shorter than 75 bytes, it must be from a v1 file because that will have a shorter first event than a v3 file.
5) If the type code is
FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT (15), the file
format is v4.
The preceding steps describe the general binary log format-recognition principles. However, there are some exceptional conditions that must be accounted for:
Exceptional Condition 1: In MySQL 4.0 and 4.1, the initial event
in a binary log file might not be a start event. This occurs
because the server writes the start event only to the first
binary log file that it creates after startup. For subsequent
files, the server writes an event of type
ROTATE_EVENT to the end of the current log
file, closes it, and the begins the next file without writing a
start event to it. If a log file begins with an event that is
FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT, it can be assumed
to be a v3 file because this behavior occurs only in MySQL 4.0
and 4.1, and all servers in those versions use v3 format.
Exceptional Condition 2: In MySQL 5.1 and 5.2, several early versions wrote binary log files using v4 format, but using different event numbers from those currently used in v4. Therefore, when the FDE is read and discovered to be v4, it is also necessary to read the server version, which is a string that occurs at position 21. If the version is one of those in the set of affected versions, event renumbering occurs such that events read from the file are mapped onto the current v4 event numbering.


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The Policy & Partnerships Committee develops advocacy education strategy and works to align and inform policies at multiple levels to support afterschool and other expanded learning opportunities.
- Create a sustainable structure of statewide, regional, and local partnerships.
- Support the development and growth of statewide policies.
- Support statewide systems of quality.
- Develop policies and sustainable funding that support quality and access
- Engage leadership to spur changes in statewide policy, funding, administration, oversight.
- Promote effective collaboration and partnerships among stakeholders.
- Provide technical assistance and resources to communities, families, and afterschool programs
- Collaborate with the WAN Quality & Professional Development Committee to provide technical assistance to programs that promotes success and sustainability.
- Review agenda materials prior to meetings, participate in, and attend quarterly committee meetings or conference calls (at least 75% attendance).
- Serve at least one 2-year term.
- Be willing to undertake special assignments as needed, and actively participate in at least one of WAN's policy or professional development events.
- Ask timely and substantive questions at committee meetings while supporting decisions on issues decided by the committee.
- Suggest agenda items for committee meetings to ensure that significant ideas are addressed.
- Collaborate with staff and community partners.


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A Portrait as a Goddess
Look closely at the woman in this image. Did you notice that she is wearing a leopard skin and holding a bow and arrow? Do you think she normally dressed this way?
This woman lived about 250 years ago and she chose to have her portrait painted with these objects because she wanted to look like the Roman goddess Diana.
Imagine you saw someone dressed in a blue outfit with a big letter "S" on his chest and a red cape. You would probably know that the person wanted to look like Superman because those features are symbols for the superhero.
In a similar way, holding a bow and wearing an animal skin tells people that this woman is dressed like Diana, because these objects were her symbols, or attributes.
Diana was the goddess of the moon, the forest, and hunters. And like all goddesses, she was incredibly powerful and immortal (meaning she would never die). The woman in the painting hoped that people seeing her portrait would think she had the strength and courage of the goddess.
The artist, Jean-Marc Nattier, was famous for portraying people as different characters. In France in the 1700s it was popular for wealthy people to have him paint their portraits. What type of costume would you wear if you were having your portrait painted by Nattier?


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When it comes to purchasing a home in rural areas, many homebuyers turn to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Rural Development Mortgage program. This program offers attractive financing options, including low-interest rates and zero down payment requirements. However, it's crucial to understand the appraisal process associated with USDA Rural Development Mortgages. In this blog post, we will discuss the top five things you need to know about USDA Rural Development Mortgage appraisals.
- Appraisal Requirements and Purpose: Appraisals play a significant role in the USDA Rural Development Mortgage application process. The primary purpose of an appraisal is to determine the fair market value of the property you intend to purchase. USDA appraisals ensure that the property meets the program's eligibility criteria, including location in an eligible rural area and compliance with health and safety standards.
- Qualified Appraisers: USDA Rural Development Mortgages require appraisals to be performed by a qualified and licensed appraiser. These appraisers are experienced professionals who are knowledgeable about the specific requirements and guidelines outlined by the USDA. Choosing a qualified appraiser is essential to ensure an accurate assessment of the property's value.
- Property Eligibility: USDA Rural Development Mortgages are intended to promote homeownership in rural areas, and the property you wish to purchase must meet specific eligibility criteria. The appraisal process will verify that the property is located in an eligible rural area. The USDA provides an online tool, the Eligibility Map, to help determine whether a particular property is eligible for financing under this program.
- Condition and Safety Standards: During the appraisal, the appraiser will evaluate the property's condition and ensure it meets certain safety standards. The property should be structurally sound and free from hazards that could affect the health and safety of the occupants. The appraiser will examine the roof, foundation, electrical systems, plumbing, and other key components to ensure they are in good working order.
- Appraisal Challenges: It's important to note that USDA Rural Development Mortgage appraisals may present some unique challenges compared to traditional appraisals. Due to the program's focus on rural areas, finding comparable sales can be more difficult, especially if there are limited recent sales in the area. Additionally, appraisals may take longer to complete due to the rural nature of the properties.
Understanding the appraisal process is crucial when applying for a USDA Rural Development Mortgage. By familiarizing yourself with the top five things discussed in this blog post, you can navigate the appraisal process with confidence. Remember to choose a qualified appraiser, ensure the property meets eligibility criteria, and be aware of the condition and safety standards required. By doing so, you'll increase your chances of a successful appraisal and a smooth path to homeownership in rural America.


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WorldWind is a collection of components that interactively display 3D geographic information within Java applications. Applications use WorldWind by placing one or more WorldWindow objects in their user interface. That WorldWindow provide the 3D geographic context for the application's information and behaviors.
WorldWind components are extensible. The API is defined primarily by interfaces, so components can be selectively replaced by alternative components. Concrete classes can also be replaced or extended. Extensibility is a fundamental objective of WorldWind.
In addition to WorldWindow, there are several major WorldWind interfaces, all shown in the following diagram.
- Globe represents a planet's shape and terrain. The globe has a Tessellator that generates the terrain.
- Layer applies application imagery, shapes or other information to the globe. These items all retain their position relative to the globe as the user navigates through the geography. Layers also provide in-screen shapes that lie in the plane of the screen and do not move with the globe.
- Model aggregates the globe and its layers, including in-screen layers.
- View determines the user's view of the model and is driven by input events from the user via the InputHandler.
- SceneController controls the rendering of a Model and the timing of the rendering. It associates a Model with a View.
In typical usage, applications create a globe and layers for their data and combine them into a model. They also create a WorldWindow and pass the model to it. The WorldWindow's scene controller subsequently manages the display of the globe and its layers, in conjunction with an interactive view that defines the user's view of the planet.
All the objects above can be those provided by WorldWind or those developed by application developers. Objects implementing a particular interface may be used wherever that interface is called for.
WorldWind works with enormous quantities of data and information, all of which exist primarily on remote data servers. Retrieval and local caching of that data is therefore a necessary and primary feature of WorldWind. As remote data is retrieved it is stored in a local disk cache and subsequently used from there. The cache has no fixed size. It can be pruned programmatically by the application. All data retrieval, even retrieval from disk, is performed on background threads.
WorldWind's use of the network can be disabled by setting the offline-mode of the WorldWindow. Prior to attempting retrieval of a network resource, WorldWind checks the offline-mode and does not attempt retrieval if it's enabled.
Picking and Selection
WorldWind can determine the displayed objects at a given screen position, typically the cursor position, in a WorldWindow. It can also determine the geographic position beneath the cursor. Both of these operations are performed automatically. The results are delivered to the application via Select events, and can also be queried from the WorldWindow.


It is difficult for investors to invest with someone if they don't feel that the other party is ready to pay, and sometimes it might be difficult to provide funds.
So, you should write the idea in Microsoft Word with full details and in every way, then keep reading it over and over besides getting to know all the problems. Until then, try starting small with your business.
There is another method called the torture test in which you can use the application and then write a file
SRS (Software requirement specification), which determines how everything works. So, with these two files, you can ask any investor to get approval as long as letting them sign a non-disclosure agreement.


Question: What does super mean in Ruby?
super. Ruby provides us with the super keyword to call methods earlier in the method lookup path. When you call super from within a method, it searches the method lookup path for a method with the same name, then invokes it.
What does Super do in Ruby?
The function super is used to invoke the original method, searching of the method body starts in the super class of the object that was found to contain the original method. The following example depicts the same.
What is the difference between super and super () in Ruby?
When you call super with no arguments, Ruby sends a message to the parent of the current object, asking it to invoke a method with the same name as where you called super from, along with the arguments that were passed to that method. On the other hand, when called with super() , it sends no arguments to the parent.
How do you inherit two classes in Ruby?
Ruby does not support multiple inheritance. It only supports single-inheritance (i.e. class can have only one parent), but you can use composition to build more complex classes using Modules.
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What does the Super method do when called without parentheses in a method definition?
According to the documentation for modules and classes, calling super (without arguments or parentheses) calls the parent method with the same arguments: When used without any arguments super uses the arguments given to the subclass method.
What is self in Ruby?
self is a special variable that points to the object that "owns" the currently executing code. Ruby uses self everwhere: For instance variables: @myvar. For method and constant lookup. When defining methods, classes and modules.
What is class << self in Ruby?
There's always a self object at any point in the Ruby code. Outside of any class/module/method definitions, self is a main object of the class Object . … And, within a class but outside of any method, self is the class object. In Ruby, classes are objects too. Every class is an object of the Class class.
What is Attr_accessor in Ruby?
attr_accessor is a shortcut method when you need both attr_reader and attr_writer . … Since both reading and writing data are common, the idiomatic method attr_accessor is quite useful.
How do you use yield in Ruby?
How Yield statement works In Ruby?
 1. Yield is a keyword in Ruby and when we want to make a call to any block then we can use the yield, once we write the yield inside any method it will assume for a blocking call.
 2. There is no limitation for passing a number of arguments to the block from yield statements.
What is super keyword in rails?
22. The super keyword can be used to call a method of the same name in the superclass of the class making the call. It passes all the arguments to parent class method.
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What is IS_A in Ruby?
The is_a? method will return a true value if an object is a of the type given as a parameter OR if it inherits from the type given as a parameter. So in effect, you can use it to ask "is there going to be a method from a class which I can run on this object".
What is Array in Ruby?
Ruby arrays are ordered, integer-indexed collections of any object. … Ruby arrays can hold objects such as String, Integer, Fixnum, Hash, Symbol, even other Array objects. Ruby arrays are not as rigid as arrays in other languages. Ruby arrays grow automatically while adding elements to them.
Does Ruby support polymorphism?
In Ruby, one does not have anything like the variable types as there is in other programming languages. So Polymorphism is a method where one is able to execute the same method using different objects. …


text:
- Eagle Mountain Still at Risk
- Send Email to BLM by Nov. 6
Many wonderful desert advocates and stakeholders fought for decades to protect the beautiful and wildlife-rich Eagle Mountain region. This area on the southern boundary of Joshua Tree National Park has faced grave threats, including a proposed mega-dump. Luckily, instead of being home to the nation's largest landfill, the Eagle Mountain lands could be better protected because the National Park Service is considering adding these lands to Joshua Tree National Park.
Unfortunately, a significant threat to the region remains. The Eagle Crest Pumped Storage Project, a hydroelectric energy development, would deplete precious groundwater supplies and harm wildlife, including golden eagles, desert tortoises and bighorn sheep. The National Park Service and the Department of Interior believe the science underlying the Eagle Crest project is deeply flawed. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is evaluating the project's transmission line, but has only conducted an environmental assessment, a very cursory study.
Please urge the BLM to better protect Joshua Tree National Park by doing a more thorough environmental review - a full and comprehensive Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) - ensuring better protection for park resources and better decision-making about our public lands.
SEND COMMENTS TO THE FOLLOWING EMAIL BY NOV. 6, 2016:
You may use this sample letter or draw from it to write your own. Dear California State BLM Director Perez:
For decades, the public has fought to protect the Eagle Mountain region from harmful projects, including the Eagle Mountain Landfill. The majority of desert residents support the opportunity to return these lands to Joshua Tree National Park. But the proposed Eagle Crest Pumped Storage Project would deplete groundwater and threaten Joshua Tree National Park's desert tortoises, bighorn sheep and golden eagles.
The National Park Service has drawn attention to the project's threats to park resources and criticized the inadequate science currently being used to evaluate the project and its transmission line, the last component the development company would need the BLM to approve.
Please take a deeper look at the impacts of the transmission line and the project's overall potential to harm Joshua Tree National Park's wildlife and water resources by conducting a full Environmental Impact Statement. Such a review will help us better protect Joshua Tree National Park and understand the full impacts of the Eagle Crest project.
Thank you for your consideration. Sincerely,
E-MAIL ADDRESS -----------------------------------
Thanks for your sustained interest and support of MBCA and the critical issues we track!
Sarah Kennington, MBCA President
Seth Shteir, Director
MBCA advocates for a healthy desert environment


text:
I recently hung out with some friends from Lima. What I noticed was that the way they spoke had some subtle and interesting differences from how some of my friends from the Sierra speak. What I found out was that there are some slang terms in Spanish that are unique to Limeños (people from the capital city/ province of Lima). Here are 3 new slang terms that I learned how to use. I look forward to trying them out next time I am in the big city of Lima.
The first term I started hearing with frequency was 'manyas'. It got tossed in at the end of majority of the sentences. What I found out was that manyas gets used to check for understanding. Or to verify that the person is listening or on the same page as the speaker. It's like saying "you get what I mean" in English. For example, Estaba tan molesto cuando obtuvieron mal mi pedido, ¿Manyas? Acababa de gastar todo ese dinero por nada " (I was so upset when they got my order wrong, you know what I mean? I had just spent all that money for nothing).
Another term I heard quite frequently was 'alucina'. Instead of getting used at the end of sentences, this slang would pop up towards the beginnings. It comes from the Spanish word alucinar, which literally means to hallucinate. Alucina is like saying "imagine" in English. For example, Alucina si ganamos la lotería! (Imagine if we won the lottery).
The third uniquely Limeño slang that I learned might be my favorite slang to date. It gets used in all different types of ways. It's very versatile and adds an interesting flavor or color to the way you speak. Culo in Spanish literally means ass. However, when used as a slang term, it references a lot of something. In English, its like saying "a shit ton". For example, Tenía que trabajar por un culo de tiempo (I had to work a shit ton). It might not be the cleanest way to speak, but its authentic!


Content-type: text/html Man page of deroff
deroff
Section: User Commands (1)
Index Return to Main Contents

NAME
deroff - Deletes neqn, nroff, and tbl constructs
SYNOPSIS
deroff [-i|-l] [-kpuw] [-ma|-me|-mm|-ms] file...
deroff [-i|-l] [-kpuw] -mm -ml file...
The deroff command reads the specified files (or standard input by default), removes all nroff requests, macro calls, backslash constructs, eqn constructs (between .EQ and .EN lines and between delimiters), and tbl descriptions, replacing many of them with spaces or blank lines, and writes the remainder of the file to standard output.

OPTIONS
Suppresses processing of included files (.so and .nx). Keeps blocks of text specified by requests or macros; for example, the .ne request. Suppresses processing of included files whose names begin with /usr/lib (such as macro files in /usr/lib/tmac). Interprets man macros only. Interprets me macros only. Ignores mm macros and deletes mm list structures. The -mm option must be specified with this option. Interprets ms and mm macros only. Interprets ms macros only. Performs special paragraph processing. Removes _\b and \b in underlined and boldfaced words. Automatically sets the -w option. Formats output into a word list, containing one word per line, with all other characters deleted.
In text, a word is any string that contains at least two letters and is composed of letters, digits, ampersands (&), and apostrophes ('). In a macro call, a word is a string that begins with at least two letters and contains a total of at least three letters. Delimiters are any characters other than letters, digits, ampersands, and apostrophes.
Trailing ampersands and apostrophes are removed from words.

DESCRIPTION
The deroff command normally follows chains of included files (.so and .nx nroff requests) and processes those files. If a file was already included, a .so naming it is ignored and a .nx naming it ends execution.

NOTES
The deroff command is not a complete nroff interpreter, so it may not handle complex constructs well. Most errors result in too much rather than too little output.

SEE ALSO
neqn(1), nroff(1), tbl(1)

Index
NAME
SYNOPSIS
OPTIONS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
SEE ALSO
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 02:42:59 GMT, October 02, 2010


text:
Examples of Student Research
Results 1 - 10 of 21 matches
Natural Disaster Risk at Home part of Example
Students analyze the natural disaster threat and potential mitigation techniques of their (family) home.
West Texas: Guadalupe Mountains, Carlsbad Caverns, Big Bend part of NAGT:Teaching Resources:Teaching in the Field:Field Trip Collection
Neil Haywood, Kevin Hefferean University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point Geology/Geography 393: Field Trip - Southwestern USA Intended Audience: Geology and Geography undergraduate students Location: Guadalupe...
SEM/EDS Beach Sands part of Example
Students pose a question that can be answered using the SEM and sand they have previously collected from beach profiles.
Petrology in the Field and Laboratory part of Example
In this multi-week project, students collect samples in the field, analyze them using various tools and instruments, then present their results and interpretations.
Family Economy of 19th-Century Industrial Workers part of Example
This activity teaches students how to formulate research questions and perform empirical analysis. Students analyse family budgets from late 19th-century industrial workers.
Economics Senior Thesis part of Example
Research on Economics of Population part of Example
Research paper on the economics of population using international census data.
Taking-Risks While Driving: Are there Sex Differences part of Example
Students carry out a naturalistic observation study in order to test the hypothesis that there are sex differences in risk-taking. Students collect and analyze data and prepare APA style research report.
Who Gets Help: A Field Experiment? part of Example
Students carry out a field experiment in order to test the hypothesis that able bodied individuals receive less help than those perceived to have an injury. Students collect and analyze data and write an APA style research report.
Research Paper in Introductory Econometrics part of Example


text:
|Friday, Oct 12, 2012 - 1:00 AM
"Workshop 1. Teaching Social Studies"
Why do we teach social studies? This session focuses on the relevance of teaching social studies and discusses strategies for helping students gain a deeper understanding of social studies content. The onscreen teachers review standards and themes developed by the National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS) and view video clips from the Social Studies in Action video library to identify examples of powerful teaching and learning.. D


text: Logos is a provider of English training for working adults with varying levels of proficiency in the English language. It offers English training which will be of practical value to staff in any organisation. Logos sets itself apart from other training providers by conducting English training using the Structural Approach. The Structural Approach equips one with the necessary knowledge needed to use English effectively – written and spoken. At Logos, we strive to develop English programmes which will instil in the learner good habits of written and spoken English through copious exercises. These copious exercises can be done by the learner on his/her own after the completion of the training. Practice strengthens learning. As such, a good foundation of English learning will ultimately lead to increased confidence on the part of the learner.


text:
Sprintsin S. M., Fradkin A. M., Sprintsin M. S. Assessment of the Efficiency of the Aleppo Pine Pinus halepensis Mill. Natural Regeneration in the Eastern Mediterranean on Example of Israel
How to cite: Sprintsin S. M.1, Fradkin A. M.1, Sprintsin M. S.2 Assessment of the efficiency of the Aleppo pine Pinus halepensis Mill. natural regeneration in the Eastern Mediterranean on example of Israel // Sibirskij Lesnoj Zurnal (Sib. J. For. Sci.). 2017. N. 2: 3–12 (in Russian with English abstract)
© Sprintsin S. M., A. Fradkin A. M., Sprintsin M. S., 2017
This paper deals with the management of Mediterranean Planted Conifer Forests (MPCF), dominated by the Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) and the potential for using natural regeneration as a basis for transformation of simply structured even-aged and mono crops plantations into mixed forest. We studied the variation along a rainfall gradient, in the natural regeneration of tree species. The study was conducted in four forests located within the Mediterranean zone of Israel, which extends from the semiarid northern Negev desert (rainfall ca. 300 mm per year) in the south to the humid central region close the coast line (ca 550 mm per year). Standing trees measurements including mean tree height, diameter at breast height, crown width, canopy cover, stand density of the mature strata and the number of saplings and their species composition along with the landscape characteristics (slope, aspect, percentage of rock cover and forest floor light regime) have been performed at randomly established 200 m2 area circular plots. Although a water supply is the main limiting resource for forest growth and productivity, so far no significant relationship between the quantity of regeneration and precipitation could be found. Strong linear correlation between the number of the mature trees and pine's regeneration have been revealed and the detailed management plan of how to support a natural regeneration using a principal of Continues Cover Forestry was suggested for MPCF, including a recommendation for intensity and time of thinning.


text:
January 25 , 2023
- The Odisha government has come up with a 'comprehensive action plan for conservation of elephants and mitigation of human-elephant conflict.
- The State has been divided into four zones.
- The Zone I will be 'Elephant Conservation Zone', which is three elephant reserves.
- The Zone II will be treated as a co-existence zone, intending to increase habitat quality and viability and reduce conflict through long- term strategies.
- Zone III will be a Conflict Mitigation Zone where steps will be taken to reduce conflict through short-term strategies.
- The Zone IV will be a no-go area for elephants.
- The jumbos straying in this zone to be captured and translocated forthwith to identified locations.
- In the past nine years, Odisha has lost close to 700 elephants, while the human deaths in human-elephant encounters have reached 860.


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If one defines force as the time derivative of momentum, i.e. by
$$ \vec{F}= \frac{d}{dt} \vec{p} $$
how can this include static forces? Is there a generally accepted way to argue in detail how to get from this to the static case? If not, what different solutions are discussed?
Edit: I shoud add, that by static forces I mean forces involved in problems where bodies don't move.
share|cite|improve this question
There is no such thing as static and dynamic force. Could you clarify what you mean? I suppose you're talking about multiple forces acting on the same system such that in total they produce zero net force (e.g. gravity vs. reaction from the ground acting on the chair you're sitting on)? – Marek Jul 31 '11 at 17:04
What you are missing here from Newton's laws is the sum of forces. – ja72 Aug 1 '11 at 12:44
2 Answers 2
up vote 3 down vote accepted
I don't exactly know what you mean by static forces. But I am going to take a wild guess here and assume that by that you mean forces involved in problems where bodies don't move. I think you assumed that Newton's second law quantifies a force. This is actually wrong. First of all realize that a force is an interaction and it still acts whether the body on which it acts moves or not. Newton's second law quantifies the total effect of all such forces on a body of mass $m$ and not the force itself. For example the Newton's law of Gravitation tells you that the force between two masses is:
$$\vec{F} = G\frac{Mm}{r^2}$$
Now this is practically useless unless you specifies what a force does on a body. That's where Newton's second law comes in. So along with Newton's second law, you have a complete theory of (classical) gravitation.
Also the $\vec{F}$ in Newton's second law is the total force acting on a body having momentum $\vec{p}$. So when bodies don't move the net forces on them is zero. But that does not mean that you can not have forces acting on it.
share|cite|improve this answer
Yes I want to take Newton's second law as a definition of Force. I came across this question when studying the Karlsruhe physics course, where force is defined in this way. If I am not mistaken this goes back to Ernst Mach and is used as definition of force in some textbooks as well, for example in the german books by Demtröder or Fließbach. However my problem is that I don't see how one can take this as a definition and also to be able to describe static situations with this concept. – martin Aug 1 '11 at 7:54
_USER_ Ernst Mach defined a force in an entirely different way. According to Mach when two bodies interact (assuming they are the only bodies which do so) the following equation holds: $m_1/m_2 = -a_2/a_1$. Thus it is meaningful to define a force as $m\vec{a}$. But note that this form of the law isn't as useful as Newton's second law as you consider only two particles. And clearly a system containing just two objects won't be static. So Mach's definition (as its normally given) can't be practically used to solve such problems. – Bernhard Heijstek Aug 1 '11 at 12:21
By "static forces" I think you mean forces within a physical system in static equilibrium.
You get static equilibrium out of the kinetic effects of force by noting the sum of the forces at every point is zero and therefore so is the sum of their kinetic effects.
share|cite|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
Glassey, Richard and Stevenson, Graeme and Ferguson, Robert Ian (2007) Decentralised discovery of mobile objects. Information and Media Technologies, 2 (3). pp. 860-868. ISSN _PHONE_
The partially connected nature of mobile and ubiquitous computing environments presents software developers with hard challenges. Mobile code has been suggested as a natural fit for simplifying software development for these environments. However, existing strategies for discovering mobile code assume an underlying fixed, stable network. An alternative approach is required for mobile environments, where network size may be unknown and reliability cannot be guaranteed. This paper introduces AMOS, a mobile object platform augmented with a structure overlay network that provides a fully decentralised approach to the discovery of mobile objects. We demonstrate how this technique has better reliability and scalability properties than existing strategies, with minimal communication overhead. Building upon this novel discovery strategy, we show how load balancing of mobile objects in an AMOS network can be achieved through probabilistic means.
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Creative Commons License Last modified: Monday, 07-Oct-2019 18:06:39 UTC. Maintained by: Elisa E. Beshero-Bondar (ebb8 at pitt.edu). Powered by firebellies.
Consult the following resources as you work with Regular Expressions:
Your challenge is to up-convert to XML the complete plain text file of A VOYAGE round the WORLD by Georg Forster, using the Find and Replace window . This file is quite large, so autotagging using Regular Expressions (regex) is really the only option we have to make this text into an XML document. Begin by downlading the text file and opening it in <oXygen/>. Use the Find and Replace window in <oXygen/> to autotag the document, and consult our Guide to Autotagging with Regular Expressions and the Regular Expressions Quick Start tutorial as you work.
Record each step of your process carefully, in a separate plain-text file. This plain text file is what you will submit for your homework. Record step-by-step your global Find-and-Replace operations with Regular Expressions in oXygen. Your goal is to produce an XML document like our model XML file but even if you have have trouble, what is most important is that you document the steps you took.
Your XML markup should accomplish the following:
 1. Indicate the structure of the file by marking book divisions, chapter divisions, and paragraphs. (You do not necessarily want to do this in that order! You might want to start from the inside out, with the paragraphs first, and then work your way up.) Think about a strategy that makes sense to you to help you match the distinctive patterns that designate the structure of this document.
 2. Tag the dates, at least the dates that are sitting in square brackets. Ideally, you should remove any pseudo-markup around them.
Your complete text should look like our model, only you could go one better by removing the pseudo-markup (the brackets) around the dates. Can you locate and tag more dates than those in the square brackets?
Upload two files on Courseweb for this exercise:
 1. a plain-text file in which you recorded your steps, and
 2. your end result: the XML file you have created.


methods support pairwise comparisons between two sets of arrays.
 ... | score <scoring-method-name> array_a against array_b [options]
Some scoring methods are specific to the evaluation of clustering models.
 ... | score <scoring-method-name> <label_field> against <feature_field_1> ... <feature_field_n> metric=<options>
Example
The following example uses the score command on test data.
 ... | score confusion_matrix true="species" pred="predicted(species)"
The MLTK includes the following classes of the score command, each with their own sets of methods.
Score commands are not customizable within the Splunk Machine Learning Toolkit.
The MLTK helps you test for model overfitting through the K-fold scoring option. For details, see K-fold scoring.
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text:
Evaluation of Grouting Performance Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography
This study proposes a tomography-based method for evaluating grouting performance after injection. Tomography is a convenient approach for solving the boundary measurement inverse problem of capturing discrete pixels and synthesizing these pixels into a unified image. Four arrays of eight electrodes are installed into large triaxial cell specimens to simulate in-situ crosshole resistivity testing. Sand is used as a base material and a wet cement mixture is grouted into the specimens. Electromagnetic waves are used as a means of accumulating the physical properties of the specimens. Each measured electrical resistivity is considered as a discrete signal. The electrical resistivity distribution is calculated and optimized through an iterative modified least-squares inversion based on a forward solution of Coulomb and Gauss's law equations. Results show that the electrical properties of an injected grout material and its location and size can be effectively estimated from a series of resistance measurements.
Seung-Seok Lee, Joon Hyun Lee, Ik Keun Park, Sung-Jin Song, Man Yong Choi
N. D. Thanh et al., "Evaluation of Grouting Performance Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography", Key Engineering Materials, Vols. 321-323, pp. _PHONE_, 2006


text:
Point of care testing (POCT) is a new concept in laboratory medicine that is widely used at present. It is the new advent that helps ease medical care in the present day. The knowledge on the POCT medicine is very important and necessary for the general practitioner. In this specific book, the author summarizes, presents and discusses on the concept of POCT, its importance and examples of important POCT tools.
You can read this item using any of the following Kobo apps and devices:


text:
There are 3 ways to support our monthly fund.
1. Just download the standing order HERE take it to your bank or do it online, but, return the gift aid slip to Maggie with your details. This goes towards a teacher's
salary, a daily meal, text books, basic health care and a uniform.
2. Select a Zambian child or we will find a child for you. There would be no direct contact or letters exchanged but you would receive a yearly report from their teacher
3. Match up a child with a Zambian child of approximately 2 years older who is extremely poor yet is showing great potential academically. Aims and interests can be
shared ( see picture above). Letters can be exchanged once a term and also a newsletter.
All your money gets to the cause, goes into a fund and not given to the child.
Please email: _EMAIL_, if you'd like more details or a list of children's profiles.


text:
In Connecticut, cobblestone driveways are a highly-coveted home improvement choice. The projects take up to several days to complete, but they are well worth the effort. The products present all the same benefits of concrete or asphalt with a little more flair. Sullivan Paving offers cobblestone driveway installations for local homeowners.
What is Considered Cobblestone?
For driveways, cobblestone consists of granite. Belgian block pavers are options that are used for more expensive cobblestone projects. The materials are stain-resistant and won't crack easily under pressure or during adverse weather conditions.
What Happens During the Installation?
The project site is excavated at a seven-inch depth. All grass and vegetation are removed completely. Next, the contractor adds six inches of gravel for the first layer and compacts it properly. Next, a layer of sand covers the gravel and is compacted until it is level and smooth.
The contractor starts by laying the cobblestone at the ends of the driveway first. Next, the inside of the driveway is filled with cobblestone pavers. Contractors keep a consistent joint size when laying the pavers.
Next, the contractor compacts the cobblestone into the sand layer at three-eighths of an inch. A leaf blower is used to remove sand in between the cobblestones and grout is used to fill all joints. Once all joints are filled, the grout must dry for at least twenty-four hours. A sealant is applied the next day.
Are There Maintenance Requirements for the Installation?
Yes, the property owner uses a pressure washer to clean the driveway at least twice each year. Weed killer is used to prevent weeds and vegetation from growing between the cobblestones.
What is the Expected Longevity?
The cobblestone driveways last throughout the property owner's lifetime if constructed properly. The granite is durable and won't crack easily. Repair requirements are rare for the installations.
In Connecticut, cobblestone driveways add value to residential properties. The high-end driveway selections are built to last and provide property owners with extraordinary advantages. The installations are more complex than other selections, but homeowners are pleased with the final product. Homeowners who want to learn more about cobblestone installations contact Sullivan Paving or Browse the Website right now.
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text:
ANN ARBOR--Humans have been cooling metal mixtures from liquid to solid for thousands of years. But surprisingly, not much is known about exactly what happens during the process of solidification. Particularly puzzling is the solidification of eutectics, which are mixtures of two or more solid phases.
Ashwin Shahani, an assistant professor of materials science and engineering at the University of Michigan, is working to solve the mystery of eutectic solidification, and his research has revealed an intricate and beautiful universe of nanoscale rods, sheets and spirals that form spontaneously in cooling metal alloys.
We sat down recently to talk with him about his latest paper, "Multi-Step Crystallization of Self-Organized Spiral Eutectics," and how it could lead to a new generation of lightweight alloys and optical products with properties superior to monolithic materials.
What motivated you to study metal solidification?
I think it's one of the most remarkable feats of nature. How can these elaborate patterns form spontaneously from a disordered liquid? Why does nature choose one pattern or configuration over another? A lot of it is just inborn curiosity and the joy of sharing it with my students.
Why is it important to understand how these nanoscale structures form?
A material's nanoscale structure changes its properties. So if we can understand why a given structure forms, we can design a manufacturing process to recreate it, or even change it to build in specific properties that we want. We can make materials that are lighter, or stronger, or that bend light in a certain way, for example.
What could those new materials be used for?
A material that bends light in a certain way could be used to make an invisibility coating. You could engineer a single sheet of metal with properties that differ along its surface--for example an airplane wing that's stronger in some places and lighter in others. You could make lighter and more fuel-efficient automotive components. The possibilities are just about endless.
Why can't we make these materials using existing manufacturing methods?
We can, but it's extremely difficult and time-consuming. If we want to fabricate a nanoscale spiral pattern, for example, we have to use lithography to print each tiny spiral. That's not practical for large-scale manufacturing. But what if you could cause those spirals to self-assemble just by cooling the liquid differently or slightly changing its mix of metals? That would make the process much faster and more scalable.
If humans have been using solidification for so long, why hasn't someone already figured this out?
Because in the past, this kind of research relied on sectioning up a material that has already solidified and looking at it under the microscope. And that gives you a very limited view of how solidification happens.
We're using a unique combination of multiscale and multimodal imaging technologies to create a 3D picture of what's happening in real time during the solidification process. It involves combining a lot of different imaging techniques that can give us a cohesive picture from the scale of micrometers all the way down to individual atoms.
What are some of the challenges of combining all those technologies?
One of the biggest challenges is that high-resolution 3D images are just so data-intensive. That makes this a big data challenge as well as a materials science challenge. Obviously, just having a high level of computing power is important, but we've also introduced some novel strategies. For example, we've begun using machine learning algorithms to comb through our data and find things that are noteworthy.
What's the next step for this research?
Most engineering materials consist of not just two components but a cocktail of elements. So right now, we're looking at how chemistry affects the solidification process. If I add a small amount of another metal to the molten mix, how does that change the nanoscale structures that form? It's another step toward understanding and ultimately controlling these structures.