do Arquivo **: Simplifica a seleo, adicionando uma janela de seleo de arquivos.
Value map: A combo box with predefined items. The value is stored in the attribute, the description is
shown in the combo box. You can define values manually or load them from a layer or a CSV file.
Enumeration: Opens a combo box with values that can be used within the columns type. This is currently
only supported by the PostgreSQL provider.
** Imutvel **: A coluna de atributo imutvel somente leitura. O usurio no habilitado para modificar
o contedo.
Hidden: A hidden attribute column is invisible. The user is not able to see its contents.
Checkbox: Displays a checkbox, and you can define what attribute is added to the column when the check-
box is activated or not.
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** Edio de texto **: Isto abre um campo de edio de texto que permite que vrias linhas sejam utilizadas.
** Calendrio **: Abre um widget de calendrio para introduzir uma data. Tipo de coluna deve ser de texto.
Value Relation: Offers values from a related table in a combobox. You can select layer, key column and
value column.
UUID Generator: Generates a read-only UUID (Universally Unique Identifiers) field, if empty.
Photo: Field contains a filename for a picture. The width and height of the field can be defined.
Webview: Field contains a URL. The width and height of the field is variable.
Color: A field that allows you to enter color codes. During data entry, the color is visible through a color
bar included in the field.
Relation Reference: This widged lets you embed the feature form of the referenced layer on the feature
form of the actual layer. See Creating one to many relations.
With the Attribute editor layout, you can now define built-in forms for data entry jobs (see figure_fields_2).
Choose Drag and drop designer and an attribute column. Use the icon to create a category that will then be
shown during the digitizing session (see figure_fields_3). The next step will be to assign the relevant fields to the
category with the icon. You can create more categories and use the same fields again. When creating a new
category, QGIS will insert a new tab for the category in the built-in form.
Other options in the dialog are Autogenerate and Provide ui-file. Autogenerate just creates editors for all
fields and tabulates them. The Provide ui-file option allows you to use complex dialogs made with the Qt-
Designer. Using a UI-file allows a great deal of freedom in creating a dialog. For detailed information, see
_URL_
QGIS dialogs can have a Python function that is called when the dialog is opened. Use this function to add extra
logic to your dialogs. An example is (in module MyForms.py):
def open(dialog,layer,feature):
geom = feature.geometry()
control = dialog.findChild(QWidged,"My line edit")
Reference in Python Init Function like so: MyForms.open
MyForms.py must live on PYTHONPATH, in .qgis2/python, or inside the project folder.
12.2.4 General Menu
Use this menu to make general settings for the vector layer. There are several options available:
Layer Info
Change the display name of the layer in displayed as
Define the Layer source of the vector layer
Define the Data source encoding to define provider-specific options and to be able to read the file
Coordinate Reference System
Specify the coordinate reference system. Here, you can view or change the projection of the specific vector
layer.
Create a Spatial Index (only for OGR-supported formats)
Update Extents information for a layer
View or change the projection of the specific vector layer, clicking on Specify ...
Scale dependent visibility
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Figura 12.22: Dialog to create categories with the Attribute editor layout
Figura 12.23: Resulting built-in form in a data entry session
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You can set the Maximum (inclusive) and Minimum (exclusive) scale. The scale can also be set by the
[Current] buttons.
Feature subset
With the [Query Builder] button, you can create a subset of the features in the layer that will be visualized
(also refer to section Salvar elementos selecionados como uma nova camada).
Figura 12.24: General menu in vector layers properties dialog
12.2.5 Rendering Menu
QGIS 2.2 introduces support for on-the-fly feature generalisation. This can improve rendering times when drawing
many complex features at small scales. This feature can be enabled or disabled in the layer settings using the
Simplify geometry option. There is also a new global setting that enables generalisation by default for newly
added layers (see section Opes). Note: Feature generalisation may introduce artefacts into your rendered output
in some cases. These may include slivers between polygons and inaccurate rendering when using offset-based
symbol layers.
12.2.6 Display Menu
This menu is specifically created for Map Tips. It includes a new feature: Map Tip display text in HTML.
While you can still choose a Field to be displayed when hovering over a feature on the map, it is now possible
to insert HTML code that creates a complex display when hovering over a feature. To activate Map Tips, select
the menu option View MapTips. Figure Display 1 shows an example of HTML code.
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Figura 12.25: HTML code for map tip
Figura 12.26: Map tip made with HTML code
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12.2.7 Actions Menu
QGIS fornece a capacidade de executar uma ao com base nos atributos de um recurso. Isso pode ser usado
para executar qualquer nmero de aes, por exemplo, a execuo de um programa com argumentos construdos
a partir dos atributos de um recurso ou passar parmetros ao uma ferramenta de comunicao web.
Figura 12.27: Overview action dialog with some sample actions
Actions are useful when you frequently want to run an external application or view a web page based on one or
more values in your vector layer. They are divided into six types and can be used like this:
Generic, Mac, Windows and Unix actions start an external process.
Python actions execute a Python expression.
Generic and Python actions are visible everywhere.
Mac, Windows and Unix actions are visible only on the respective platform (i.e., you can define three Edit
actions to open an editor and the users can only see and execute the one Edit action for their platform to
run the editor).
There are several examples included in the dialog. You can load them by clicking on [Add default actions]. One
example is performing a search based on an attribute value. This concept is used in the following discussion.
** Definio de Aes **
Attribute actions are defined from the vector Layer Properties dialog. To define an action, open the vector Layer
Properties dialog and click on the Actions menu. Go to the Action properties. Select Generic as type and provide
a descriptive name for the action. The action itself must contain the name of the application that will be executed
when the action is invoked. You can add one or more attribute field values as arguments to the application. When
the action is invoked, any set of characters that start with a % followed by the name of a field will be replaced by
the value of that field. The special characters %% will be replaced by the value of the field that was selected from
the identify results or attribute table (see using_actions below). Double quote marks can be used to group text into
a single argument to the program, script or command. Double quotes will be ignored if preceded by a backslash.
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If you have field names that are substrings of other field names (e.g., col1 and col10), you should indicate that
by surrounding the field name (and the % character) with square brackets (e.g., [%col10]). This will prevent
the %col10 field name from being mistaken for the %col1 field name with a 0 on the end. The brackets will be
removed by QGIS when it substitutes in the value of the field. If you want the substituted field to be surrounded
by square brackets, use a second set like this: [[%col10]].
Using the Identify Features tool, you can open the Identify Results


text:
Technical Assistance Resource Page: Food and Nutrition (2011)
A general overview of resources and documents related to food and nutrition is provided in the PDF report attached to this page. The report discusses the three main federal programs that provide food for those who are homeless and/or have low income. They are: the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Women, Infants and Children Program, and Nutritional Programs for the Elderly.
Access to nutritious food is essential to a person's health and well-being. For individuals who experience homelessness, obtaining healthy food is a challenge. The most vulnerable individuals within the homeless population—children, individuals who are elderly, and people with ongoing health problems—face additional hardships and barriers to accessing the food necessary to maintain health. The three main Federal programs that provide food to people who are homeless and/or who have a low income are: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), Women, Infants, and Children Program (WIC), and, Nutritional Programs for the Elderly. States and communities often have additional programs, (e.g., school food programs, food pantries, and soup kitchens) that provide help with food. This report reviews resources and documents related to food and nutrition. It also provides specific information on the three main Federal programs.
Type of Resource:

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Press Release Summary:
TCS SP2 AOBS (Acousto-Optical Beam Splitter) adapts from single- to multi-chromatic characteristics of any type providing spectral imaging and measurement environment for multi-fluorescent samples. Compared with conventional beam splitter equipped confocals, TCS SP2 AOBS provides automatic adjustment to selected laser lines, greater transparency, sharper wavelength selection, rapid wavelength switching, and precision for FRET measurements.
Original Press Release:
Leica Microsystems, Inc. Introduces The New Leica TCS SP2 AOBS Spectral Confocal Microscope
Leica Microsystems announces the new Leica TCS SP2 AOBS (Acousto-Optical Beam Splitter), the first confocal microscope to replace conventional Beam Splitters with a freely programmable device. The new TCS SP2 AOBS represents unique technology and a fundamental breakthrough in confocal microscopy.
Beam Splitters reflect exciting light toward a sample and transmit emitted fluorescent light for detection. The Leica TCS SP2 AOBS precisely and rapidly adapts from single- to multi-chromatic characteristics of any type. It resembles an infinite set of multi-chroic beam splitters and provides an ideal spectral imaging and measurement environment for multi-fluorescent samples.
Compared with "conventional" beam splitter equipped confocals, the highly efficient TCS SP2 AOBS provides:
- Automatic adjustment to the selected laser lines
- Greater transparency
- Sharper wavelength selection
- Rapid wavelength switching
- Accurate recording of fluorescent spectra - all dyes at any image point
- Precision for FRET measurements
- New FRET pairs
Combined with the emission side prism spectrophotometer "SP", the TCS SP2 AOBS operates entirely without filters. "The new AOBS in combination with a selectable emission window finally gives the user complete freedom to combine dyes for confocal
analysis," remarks Dr. Harald Hutter, researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Medical Research in Heidelberg, Germany. "Since the AOBS automatically adjusts to the
selected laser lines, the user can simply forget about it - extremely user friendly!" For more information call 610/_PHONE_.
Leica Microsystems Inc.
2345 Waukegan Road
Bannockburn IL 60015
Toll Free _PHONE_
Telephone _PHONE_
Fax _PHONE_

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Bioethics 101 provides a systematic, five-lesson introductory course to support educators in incorporating bioethics into the classroom through the use of sequential, day-to-day lesson plans. This curriculum is designed to help science teachers in guiding their students to analyze issues using scientific facts, ethical principles, and reasoned judgment.
These lessons represent a "best of" compilation from our popular Ethics Primer. Through the use of case studies, ethical principles, decision-making frameworks and stakeholder role-play, students are fully supported in learning how to justify an answer to an ethical question.
If you've been looking for a structured way to introduce bioethics into your classroom, this resource is for you!
In order for us to measure how our curriculum resources are being used, please take a moment to contact us and let us know the class or classes in which you're using our lessons. We also welcome feedback about our Bioethics 101 curriculum. We will not share your contact information with anyone.
Complete Lesson Plans
Lesson 1--Introduction to Bioethics NWABR_Bioethics_101_Lesson1.pdf
Lesson 2--Principles of Bioethics NWABR_Bioethics_101_Lesson2_0.pdf
Lesson 3--Finding the Stakeholders NWABR_Bioethics_101_Lesson3.pdf
Lesson 4--Making a Strong Justification NWABR_Bioethics_101_Lesson4.pdf
Lesson 5--Putting it All Together NWABR_Bioethics_101_Lesson5.pdf
This page is coming soon!


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Staircase in the People's Hall, Heathcote Street
ABOUT the middle of the Eighteenth Century the art of house-building rose to great heights in England, and the well-known Georgian houses, with their look of solid comfort and their excellent craftsmanship, were produced.
Nottingham has many examples of this type, and many of them are noteworthy for their magnificent staircases, which by their careful design are very easy to ascend, and by the beauty of their banisters and other accessories are artistic treasures.
Perhaps the most beautiful of these staircases is the one in the People's Hall in Heathcote-street, Nottingham, a mansion built by Mr. Charles Morley about 1740—about the time that Mr. Wesley was commencing his public work.
Mr. Morley was the proprietor of a pottery in Beck-street, where (amongst other objects) were produced the beautiful brown pots with their high glaze which are so much sought after by collectors nowadays, and examples of which may be studied in the Castle Museum.


about the clients the Food Bank serves and talks about the incredible volunteers that are the heart and soul of the mission. This is followed by a discussion about hunger issues and food insecurity in the community and the unique approach Bellingham Food Bank is taking. (They have created some amazing partnerships with farmers to ensure that neighbors have fresh food and can choose what they need and want for their families). After breakfast, donors get a tour of the Food Bank and see the impact of their gifts to ensure that no one in their community goes hungry. Donors leave feeling a deep sense of connection with the people they met and are inspired by the scope and impact of the organization.
Important Considerations for Creating Your Own Engagement Strategies
Now that you've seen some examples of outstanding donor engagement strategies, it's time to start creating your own for your donors and potential donors. It's important to remember that these strategies are a step along the path to invite them to increase their gift so that your organization can do even more to meet the needs in the community.
1. Mission Driven: Make it UNIQUE to your organization
As you can see in the above examples, each strategy is specific to the organization's mission and showcases how the organization is meeting a critical need. As you think about your engagement strategies, be creative! You can't replicate another organization's strategy. You have a unique story to share and you need to come up with a unique way to convey it to donors.
2. Keep it simple: Ease of execution
Ideally, your engagement strategies will be things you can replicate on a monthly basis, at least. So you'll want to make sure that they are easy to execute. Don't over-think it. If it's too complicated, you won't do it.
3. Low Cost
These experiences don't need to be expensive. Light refreshments are likely all you'll need. Again, you should be doing these often, so think about your budget in terms of at least 12 meaningful engagement strategies (one per month).
4. Scalable as your major donor base grows
Your strategies should be scalable as your major donor base grows. The more donors you engage the more money you'll raise. So keep this in mind as you create your strategies. When I say scalable, I'm not talking about creating larger engagement experiences. You still need to keep them small enough to be intimate, but you can offer the experiences more often. For example, you might go from hosting one lunch-tour a month with 6-10 donors, to hosting 2 or 3 lunch-tours a month, thereby engaging up to 30 major donors a month. You may have the occasional special one-off experience for donors that can't be scaled, but on balance you want to have something that is simple and flexible in the design so that it can adapt and grow as your donor base grows.
5. Your Board Goes First!
Finally, I recommend that the first group of donors to experience your new engagement strategies be your Board Members. I'm constantly amazed at how many Board Members hunger for an experience that puts them more in touch with the mission. In each of the above examples, the Board Members were the first to participate in these experiences. Some of them had never done it before and said it was one of the most meaningful things they did as board members. It also give the board members confidence that if they invite people from their network to do this, that it will be a great experience.
The success of your major gift program depends on your ability to connect with donors in powerful, memorable and authentic ways. You can now begin to create engagement experiences that bring your mission to life and give donors a chance to see how important their partnership is to advancing your mission in the community. These experiences createthe the depth of relationship needed to inspire donors to increase their giving. However, inspiration is not always sufficient. Many people still need an authentic and direct invitation to give. Engagement strategies create this pathway, allowing us to naturally extend an invitation to people to partner more deeply and direct the flow of their financial gifts to create a more just, healthy, beautiful, equitable, and peaceful world.


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I have several different macros that create a sheet in Excel 2003 and populate it with information. These macros are all written in VBA and some are linked to a toolbar in Excel and some are in MS Access. The problem I have is that once the sheet is populated, all the text is superscript. Since this happens with macros executed from Excel and Access, it makes me think there is some setting in Excel that is defaulting to superscript. Has anyone ever seen a similar issue?
This shouldn't happen by default with the scenerio you describe. Can you check the vba code for any instance of this code segment:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
I had thought the term was hind teeth as well, but eye teeth it is. Wikipedia says:
In mammalian oral anatomy, the canine teeth, also called cuspids, dogteeth, fangs, or (in the case of those of the upper jaw) eye teeth, are relatively long, pointed teeth.
In humans, the upper canine teeth (popularly called eye teeth, from their position under the eyes) are larger and longer than the lower, and usually present a distinct basal ridge.
The term eye teeth goes back to at least the 17th century. The earliest I found is in the fascinating 1657 Nature's Cabinet Unlock'd by Thomas Browne:
And the 1660 Lexicon Tetraglotton, an English-French-Italian-Spanish Dictionary by James Howell shows the translations all include eye:
Give [...] eye-teeth
The earliest "give/gave [...] eye-teeth" is illuminating. 1836's The Way-Mark: In Which Some of the Turns of the Broad Road are Pointed Out says:
Rather have [...] eye-teeth drawn [out]
A variant rather have their eye-teeth drawn [out] was said by a Mr. Denny on Wednesday, 17th December 1834 in Congress and recorded in two sources. Once in Congressional Globe says:
And again in Register of Debates in Congress:
As soon part with [...] eye-teeth
From The Town and Country Magazine, or Universal Repository of Knowledge, Instruction, and Entertainment of 1779:
And 1784's The European Magazine:
We can see the phrase has changed slightly from preferring to give your eye teeth than give/lose money; to the modern giving your eye teeth for something you really want.


text:
Asian Self-Employment: The Interaction of Culture and Economics in England
Self-employment has grown disproportionately amongst South Asians. Today, one third of Asian men in paid employment are self-employed, compared to one fifth of white men. In some parts of the UK, Asian businesses are expanding more rapidly than those of any other group. Yet these positive trends mask a more complex and less optimistic picture than is commonly painted. There are sharp differences in levels of business success between various groups in the Asian community, and indications suggest that the remarkable growth seen over recent decades is losing its momentum, as the first generation British Asians encourage their children to move into professional and salaried careers.
This study offers, for the first time, a detailed comparison of different Asian communities, and challenges the common assumption that all Asian groups can be regarded as the same. Amongst its findings, it identifies:
- ways in which culture and religion could impact on entry into self-employment, on the development of the business and on satisfaction with self-employment
- how negative factors such as racism at work and 'dead-end jobs' have led to increased levels of self-employment
- barriers to success in business, and how specific problems are more prevalent amongst specific Asian groups
- the need to target assistance, and
- evidence that Asian self-employment may not continue at its current high rates.


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To give a little extra context for the poem "Feminismo" by Alfredo Arteaga, here's some of what women were doing in Argentina at the time.
"On May 10, 1910, the date of the centennial celebration of Argentine independence, the first Congreso Feminino Internacional convened in Buenos Aires, with more than two hundred women from Argentina, Uruguay, Peru, Paraguay, and Chile in attendance. Dr. Cecilia Grierson presided. Grierson had attendend the Second International Council of Women (I.C.W.) meeting in London in 1899 and had returned to Argentina intending to found an Argentine branch of the I.C.W…. organized by the University Women of Argentina (Universitarias Argentinas) included among its sponsoring groups the National Argentine Association against the White Slave Trade, the Socialist Women's Center, the Association of Normal School teachers, the Women's Union and Labor Group, and the National League of Women Freethinkers."
- from Latin American Women and the Search for Social Justice, by Francesca Miller, 1991.
Here's a link to a brief overview in English, by Marilyn Mercer, of feminism in Argentina in the 1800s and early 1900s.
In contrast to essentialist sexists like Arteaga, some of the great politicians of Argentina like Domingo Sarmiento fought for women to have access to education. Sarmiento thought women needed education to become involved in local politics. Through experience in local politics they would gradually acquire the skills to participate in national politics, voting, running for office, and being part of public life.
But high schools meant for college prep didn't open in Argentina until 1905.
Here are some of the women Arteaga was likely complaining about:
* Juana Manuela Gorriti, a best selling author. Feminist, teacher, and battlefield nurse.
* Dr. Cecilia Grierson. Graduated from University of Buenos Aires medical school in 1889.
* Dr. Alicia Moreau de Justo. A founder of the Socialist Feminist Center. Social worker, writer, human rights activist, and doctor. Graduated from University of Buenos Aires.
* Carolina Muzzili. Reported on factory working conditions for women in the early 1900s.
* Elvira Rawson de Dellepiane, another doctor and feminist activist
* Ernestina Lopez de Nelson. Socialist feminist activist, teacher.
* Sara Justo. Another socialist feminist teacher.
* Julieta Lanteri de Renshaw A psychiatrist who graduated in 1906 from University of Buenos Aires.


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In October 1612 John Guy and a crew of 13 headed out from Cupids to Trinity Bay in the vessel "Indeavour." Alongside them was a smaller vessel, a shallop, with five more men. The expedition's aim was to establish friendly relations with the Beothuk Indians and thereby hopefully set up a profitable fur trade.
The Baccalieu Trail Heritage Corp. (BTHC) is undertaking several projects to mark the 400th anniversary of the voyage. One of them will be to erect history boards at certain sites to coincide as closely as possible with the dates the Indeavour dropped anchor there.
Guy's first stop was at Harbour Grace Oct. 8, 1612, where a history board will be unveiled Oct. 22.
And while there appears to be a fair discrepancy between the anniversary dates, there isn't.
Since 1995, Bill Gilbert has been chief archeologist at the provincial historic site in Cupids, Canada's first and North America's second-oldest English colony, where Governor John Guy set up his plantation in 1610. Guy and his crew stopped at a number of sites during that 1612 voyage into Trinity Bay and did eventually establish contact with the Beothuk. The BTHC will erect history boards at 10 of them.
Gilbert says the anniversary dates "pose an interesting problem because the calendar we use today is not the same as the one used by John Guy and Henry Crout in 1612."
In 1752 the English switched from the old Julian calendar (introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 B.C.), to the Gregorian calendar. The former was so out of whack with the equinox that when it was changed 11 days were lost.
"It was 11 days off the solstice at that time. But at this point, it's 13 days out," Gilbert explains. "Good Friday and Easter and Christmas weren't falling right, so to bring it back into shape, they adopted the Gregorian calendar."
"The history boards are going up on, or as close as possible to, the exact 400th anniversary," he says. (See sidebar)
Because it was so well documented, Guy's voyage has provided the first written accounts of many of the places on the route and some of the earliest and most detailed descriptions of the Beothuk. But it was 350 years before much of the information was discovered.
Prior to the 1960s it would have been impossible for Gilbert to determine the route Guy took on his expedition into Trinity Bay in 1612. There just wasn't enough information available. An abbreviated version of Guy's journal of the Indeavour voyage had originally been published in 1625 and was reprinted by James P. Howley in 1915. It was the only version of the journal available to most researchers for many years.
"The original, complete version was housed at the Lambeth Palace Library in London," Gilbert says.
But few had read it.
"Then in the 1950s some other very important documents came to light. These were the Willoughby Papers, a number of documents written by John Guy, Henry Crout, Thomas Rowley and other colonists who lived in Cupids and were involved in the voyage."
(Sir Percival Willoughby was a member of the London and Bristol Company, set up to establish English settlements in Newfoundland. Crout was Willoughby's agent.)
"The first letter that John Guy wrote back (to England) from Cupids in 1610 — we didn't know that existed until the 1960s, it was part of The Willoughby Papers."
In 1979, David Beers Quinn, a famous specialist in early documents of discovery and exploration in North America, published an important document from the Willoughby papers — Henry Crout's Journal, kept at Cupids from Sept. 1, 1612 to May 13, 1613.
Then in 1982 Gillian Cell published a complete version of Guy's journal, titled Newfoundland Discovered, along with a letter by Henry Crout dated April 10, 1613.
Gilbert says it was those documents, "Guy's journal, Crout's journal and Crout's April 10, 1613 letter that allowed us to retrace the route of the Indeavour."
In their own words
Since Sept. 1 the BTHC has been posting Henry Crout's journal entries on its website. A new entry will be posted every day until May 13, the date of Crout's last entry.
Beginning Oct. 7, Guy's story will also be told through his journal writings, which will be posted daily on the site. The journals will be set up on the website so they can be easily cross-referenced.
"So you've got two different accounts of what happened on any particular day up until the 25th of November."
Gilbert is unsure if a journal was kept the first year, _PHONE_.
"John Guy wrote a long detailed letter that might have been a summary of a journal. William Colston (a Bristol merchant) kept a journal for 1611-12, but that one hasn't survived. However we do have a short summation of it that was written in 1625."
Gilbert has transcribed a number of documents himself, some of which are published on the BTHC website (_URL_ But, he says, there are still many documents that haven't been published.
The BTHC will unveil storyboards at 10 of the sites where John Guy's expedition stopped in Trinity Bay in the fall of 1612. The dates for unveiling (which may be subject to change) are scheduled to coincide as closely as possible with the actual Julian calendar dates. An account of the voyage is available in the colonists' journal entries posted on the BTHC website daily.
Oct. 22, Harbour Grace unveiling: After anchoring off the deserted pirate fort in Harbour Grace, Oct. 8, 1612 (Julian calendar), it was Oct. 17 before the Indeavour picked up anchor again. The crew had discovered a French ship loaded with salt, captured by Peter Easton, and left in the harbour. They hauled the ship ashore and unloaded and stored it for use in the following summer's fishery.
Oct 30, Bay de Verde: The Indeavour and the shallop arrived in Green Bay (Bay de Verde) Oct. 17. Due to unfavourable weather, it was two days before the Indeavour could round The Grates at the tip of the peninsula.
Nov. 5, Hopeall: Sailing all through the night of Oct. 21, Guy arrived at Mount Eagle Bay, (Hopeall) Oct. 22. The accompanying shallop, forced to wait out the storm in Heart's Content, caught up with the Indeavour in Hopeall that same day. The colonists had already cut an overland trail (Crout's Way) between Cupids and Mount Eagle Bay in September. In 1997 Bill Gilbert and an archeology crew retraced the trail, which today makes for an overnight hike.
Nov. 6, Dildo Arm: Leaving Hopeall Oct. 24, Guy and his expedition arrived at Dildo Arm that afternoon. The following day they found their first Beothuk encampment. Delayed by winds they followed a Beothuk path to a freshwater lake, Blaketown Pond, where they saw two or three Beothuk fires and during the night they left some biscuits and bracelets at a Beothuk encampment at Russell's Point.
Nov. 12, Dildo Island: After spending five days in what Guy called "Savage Bay" the boats made it only as far as Chapel Head, then anchored for the night of Oct. 30 at Dildo Island.
Nov. 13, Collier Bay: Oct. 31 found the Indeavour at the entrance to Collier Bay, which Guy named "Alhallows" after the day they had arrived. It appears they were trying to find a sea passage through into the Bay of Pleasance (Placentia.)
Nov. 16, Come by Chance: Sailing northward on Nov. 4 they reached the bottom of Bull Arm, where the town of Sunnyside is today. Here they found eight or nine Beothuk houses and a trail the Beothuk had cut through the woods. The trail led them two miles west to the Come By Chance River where they saw another Beothuk camp. Two days later Guy's party met and shared a meal with a group of Beothuk somewhere near Sunnyside.
Nov. 23, Heart's Content: They crossed the bay and arrived at Heart's Content Nov. 10. The shallop had towed a Beothuk canoe from Bull Arm. In his journal, Crout says they spent some time in Heart's Content mending the canoe.
Nov. 30, North Shore: On the return voyage the shallop sunk at Bay de Verde Nov. 14. All five men got ashore and "in great distress" walked to Carbonear.
Dec. 5, Carbonear: The shipwrecked men arrived in Carbonear Nov. 22 and sailed back to Cupids, arriving there Nov. 23. The Indeavour headed out to sea Nov. 14, but got lost in a fog and was eventually blown back to Bay de Verde, then moored off Bell Island before arriving home to Cupids Nov. 25.


text:
16th April 2018, Bhopal
The celebrated its 31st Foundation Day here today.
Dr. Tejinder Singh, IFS, Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests of the Western Zone was the Chief Guest of the event. In his address, he emphasized the role of natural resources for the survival of the mankind. He stressed upon finding out the root cause of problems of soil pollution and degradation, rather than relying more on preventive measures.
Dr. S. K. Singh, Director, ICAR-NBSS & LUP, Nagpur, in his foundation day lecture, briefed about the growing menace of soil degradation and stressed upon using high resolution soil resources data for optimum land use planning..
Dr. V. P. Singh, Director, National Institute for High Security Animal Diseases Laboratory, Bhopal and Dr. A. Subba Rao, Former Director of the IISS, Bhopal were Guests of Honor.
Dr. V. P. Singh talked about the chain of soil health and its linkage with animal and human health.
At the outset, Dr. JK Saha, I/c Director briefed about the recent achievements of the Institute.
Progressive farmers from villages adopted under Mera Gaon Mera Gaurav (MGMG) scheme and the National and State level award winning farmers were felicitated on the occasion.
A farmer-scientist interaction was also held in which farmers put forth problems being faced related to crop residue management and conservation agriculture, which were elaborately discussed among the participants.
(Source: ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabibagh, Bhopal)


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A key success trait of a collaborative sales professional in a business-to-business context is to be assertive when taking control of a client conversation. It is a natural human tendency to be want to be right, perhaps even argumentative. How then do you gain acknowledgement and put your argument across in a way that is accepted in a situation that is clearly controversial?
It is evident that a continuum of front-line professional behaviour ranges from passive to aggressive when confronted by a challenging client situation, whether of their own design or not. It is a fair assumption that when "taking control" is encouraged by being more assertive, a natural tendency for these professionals is towards aggressive behaviour – pursuit of an outcome by attacking, employing adversarial thinking and using antagonistic language. In reality and according to SEC (resource #1) research, more often than not, front-line professionals drift towards passive behaviour. They endeavour to resolve conflict at the expense of maintaining tension. The reason for this tendency lies with a perception of a power imbalance in favour of the client. With the belief that the client has significantly more power, front-line professionals give into demands before they understand the motivation behind the demand. The ability to take control of a client conversation lies in the middle of the passive-aggressive continuum – being assertive. Assertive behaviour is characterised by the movement towards a constructive, mutually agreed outcome that leaves both parties empowered.
Being assertive means understanding and accepting an opposing opinion while not imposing your own. The thinking pattern is that by not insisting on being right provides a foundation for open constructive argument. Also, by not making another wrong, accepting and acknowledging their perspective, an atmosphere of co-operation is created. This does not mean that you agree with that opposing opinion.
Daniel Dennett, author of Intuition Pumps and other Tools for Thinking says, "A marker of argumentative aplomb: To be a masterful conversationalist, you can bring other's shadowy thinking to light–without leaving your partner feeling flummoxed."
To do that Dennett recommends a four step Approach:
- Attempt to re-express your target's position so clearly, vividly, and fairly that your target says: "Thanks, I wish I'd thought of putting it that way."
- List any points of agreement (especially if they are not matters of general or widespread agreement).
- Mention anything you have learned from your target.
- Only then are you permitted to say so much as a word of rebuttal or criticism.
One immediate effect of following these rules is that your targets will be receptive audience for your criticism, according to Dennett: you have already shown that you understand their positions as well as they do, and have demonstrated good judgment. You agree with them on some important matters and have even been persuaded by something they said.
Although, I would hardly recommend sales professionals refer to clients as targets, get into rebuttal or criticism, Dennett's approach has merit:
Re-expressing a client's opposing position creates the possibility of placing the argument on neutral ground and creates the possibility for reframing perspective. It shows a good degree of empathy as well as intention to co-investment in exploring the truth, given your reality and their reality. Step 2 and 3 of Dennett's Approach further acknowledges the client, their perspective and a deeper understanding of their context. Then, the final step, having demonstrated that you are invested in finding the truth, there is the opportunity to bringing the deliberative argument under your influence and some form of consensus.
The absolute precondition for getting into the position of influence over the argument or taking control of the conversation lies with step 1 of Dennett's Approach: replaying an argument so that one can reframe the argument.
According to ChangingMinds.org, a frame of reference is a complex schema of unquestioned beliefs, values and so on that we use when inferring meaning. If any part of that frame is changed (hence 'reframing'), then the meaning that is inferred may change. To reframe, one has to step back from what is being said and done and consider the frame, or 'lens' through which this reality is being created. Understanding the unspoken assumptions, including beliefs and schema that are being used is imperative. This is step 1 of Dennett's Approach and reinforced by steps 2 and 3. The "Gentle Art of Reframing" may be described as (resource #2):
To reframe means to change the conceptual and/or emotional setting or viewpoint in relation to which a situation is experienced and to place it in another frame which fits the 'facts' of the same concrete situation equally well or even better, and thereby changing its entire meaning.
Accordingly, we make meaning from the world around us by taking a limited number of facts and inferring or assuming other detail to be able to make sense of things. Reframing leaves the facts alone but may well challenge the assumptions. With care, you can change the other person's reality without causing conflict.
The outcome is the possibility of viewing:
- An objection as opportunity for further exploration
- A problem or failure into an opportunity for growth
- A weakness as a hurdle to be overcome by a strength
- An impossibility as a distant possibility and a near possibility
Reframing considers alternative lenses, a different context, an effect way of saying, "Let's look at it another way." Reframing requires challenging the beliefs or other aspects of the frame, standing in another frame and describing what is seen, changing attributes of the frame bringing new meaning or selecting and ignoring aspects of words, actions and frame to emphasise and downplay various elements.
Consider an argument in the form of an objection. An effective approach to handling objections is to change something in what is being presented. Renaming the objection changes it. Worry over price turned into reasonable concern over the investment or total cost of ownership reframes the meaning.
The collaborative sales professional, to be assertive when taking control of a client conversation, may put reframing arguments to good effect. Reframing provides acknowledgement and brings a potentially controversial argument across in a way that is constructive and mutually beneficial.
resource #1: The Challenger Sale, Taking Control of the Customer Conversation, Matthew Dixon and Brent Adamson of Corporate Executive Council
resource #2: Watzlawick, P., Weakland, J. and Fisch, R. (1974). Change: Principles of Problem Formation and Problem Resolution, NY: Norton


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Maryland's 42.2% Waste Diversion Rate
The recycling rate plus the source reduction (SR) credit make up the waste diversion rate. Through the efforts of its citizens, businesses and government agencies, Maryland achieved a statewide waste diversion rate of 42.2% in calendar year (CY) 2020. The 42.2% waste diversion rate was composed of a 38.2% Maryland Recycling Act (MRA) recycling rate and a 4.0% SR credit. This exceeds the requirements of the MRA and the 40% waste diversion goal targeted for 2005. Figure 1 provides a historical breakdown of Maryland's waste diversion rate.
Maryland's 38.2% Recycling Rate
In CY 2020, Maryland residents and businesses recycled 38.2 percent ((MRA recycling tonnage + resource recovery facility credit) ÷
(MRA recycling tonnage + MRA waste disposed)) of the municipal solid waste generated. The resource recovery facility (RRF) credit is provided under the MRA in Environment Article, §9-1703(d),
Annotated Code of Maryland. The provision specifies that a 5% recycling credit applies to each county that "achieves a reduction of at least 5 percent in the volume of its waste through the utilization of one or more resource recovery facilities in operation as of January 1, 1988." To encourage more recycling, states across the country are seeking new ways (e.g., Single Stream Recycling, Pay-As-You-Throw Programs, etc.) to ensure that recycling continues to gain in popularity as a waste management option. Many states, including Maryland, are investigating new commodities to bring into the recycling stream, while continuing to promote the benefits of recycling.
summarizes the recycling tonnages since 1992 and Figure 3 categorizes the total MRA tons recycled by material in CY 2020. Compostables, and paper materials constituted the largest portion of materials recycled (miscellaneous materials are comprised of multiple materials, the largest being municipal incinerator ash at over 62% of the total miscellaneous materials).
MDE encourages the recycling of all materials because of the environmental and economic benefits that recycling provides. The 2020 County Commodity Chart details recycling and waste diversion rates for each of Maryland's
jurisdictions. Business and local governments continue to seek recycling opportunities above and beyond those that apply toward the MRA rate. In fact, nearly 2.9 million tons of other Non-MRA materials were reported as being recycled in 2020. The Recycling of Non-MRA Materials in Tons table offers a breakdown by category of the amount of Non-MRA materials reported recycled in 2020. For a complete overview on how solid waste is managed in Maryland, please refer to the annual Solid Waste Management and Diversion report.
Maryland's 4.0% Source Reduction Credit
In 2020, eleven Counties were able to add from 1% to 5% to their waste diversion rate by emphasizing SR activities as a waste reduction strategy, see Source Reduction Credit Summary 2020. They accomplished this utilizing Internet resources, demonstration sites (i.e., backyard food waste and yard waste composting), and publications on reuse practices and yard waste reduction. A complete list of SR activities and a breakdown of Maryland SR activities is available in the "Source Reduction" section.
Non-profit groups are partnering with government to increase awareness of source reduction and reuse opportunities for materials such as linens, pet supplies, medical equipment, clothing and computers. The partnering provides businesses information on how to improve their bottom line through recycling and SR. As counties learn from their successful colleagues, even more SR programs are expected.
Maryland Department of the Environment
Land Management Administration
Waste Diversion and Utilization Program
1800 Washington Blvd., Suite 610
Baltimore, MD 21230-1719
Email - Request for Information


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Loads environment variables from '.env'.
Ruby
README.md
dotenv Build Status
Join the chat at _URL_
Shim to load environment variables from .env into ENV in development.
Storing configuration in the environment is one of the tenets of a twelve-factor app. Anything that is likely to change between deployment environments–such as resource handles for databases or credentials for external services–should be extracted from the code into environment variables.
But it is not always practical to set environment variables on development machines or continuous integration servers where multiple projects are run. dotenv loads variables from a .env file into ENV when the environment is bootstrapped.
Installation
Rails
Add this line to the top of your application's Gemfile:
gem 'dotenv-rails', :groups => [:development, :test]
And then execute:
$ bundle
Note on load order
dotenv is initialized in your Rails app during the before_configuration callback, which is fired when the Application constant is defined in config/application.rb with class Application < Rails::Application. If you need it to be initialized sooner, you can manually call Dotenv::Railtie.load.
# config/application.rb
Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)
Dotenv::Railtie.load
HOSTNAME = ENV['HOSTNAME']
If you use gems that require environment variables to be set before they are loaded, then list dotenv-rails in the Gemfile before those other gems and require dotenv/rails-now.
gem 'dotenv-rails', :require => 'dotenv/rails-now'
gem 'gem-that-requires-env-variables'
Sinatra or Plain ol' Ruby
Install the gem:
$ gem install dotenv
As early as possible in your application bootstrap process, load .env:
require 'dotenv'
Dotenv.load
Alternatively, you can use the dotenv executable to launch your application:
$ dotenv ./script.py
To ensure .env is loaded in rake, load the tasks:
require 'dotenv/tasks'
task :mytask => :dotenv do
 # things that require .env
end
Usage
Add your application configuration to your .env file in the root of your project:
S3_BUCKET=YOURS3BUCKET
SECRET_KEY=YOURSECRETKEYGOESHERE
If you need multiline variables, for example private keys, you can double quote strings and use the \n character for newlines:
PRIVATE_KEY="-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\nHkVN9…\n-----END DSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n"
You need to add the output of a command in one of your variables? Simply add it with $(your_command):
DATABASE_URL="postgres://$(whoami)@localhost/my_database"
You may also add export in front of each line so you can source the file in bash:
export S3_BUCKET=YOURS3BUCKET
export SECRET_KEY=YOURSECRETKEYGOESHERE
Whenever your application loads, these variables will be available in ENV:
config.fog_directory = ENV['S3_BUCKET']
Comments may be added to your file as such:
# This is a comment
SECRET_KEY=YOURSECRETKEYGOESHERE # comment
SECRET_HASH="something-with-a-#-hash"
Variable names may not contain the # symbol. Values can use the # if they are enclosed in quotes.
Multiple Rails Environments
dotenv was originally created to load configuration variables into ENV in development. There are typically better ways to manage configuration in production environments - such as /etc/environment managed by Puppet or Chef, heroku config, etc.
However, some find dotenv to be a convenient way to configure Rails applications in staging and production environments, and you can do that by defining environment-specific files like .env.production or .env.test.
You can also use .env.local for local overrides.
If you use this gem to handle env vars for multiple Rails environments (development, test, production, etc.), please note that env vars that are general to all environments should be stored in .env. Then, environment specific env vars should be stored in .env.<that environment's name>. When you load a certain environment, dotenv will first load general env vars from .env, then load environment specific env vars from .env.<current environment>. Variables defined in .env.<current environment> will override any values set in .env or already defined in the environment.
Should I commit my .env file?
Credentials should only be accessible on the machines that need access to them. Never commit sensitive information to a repository that is not needed by every development machine and server.
Personally, I prefer to commit the .env file with development-only settings. This makes it easy for other developers to get started on the project without compromising credentials for other environments. If you follow this advice, make sure that all the credentials for your development environment are different from your other deployments and that the development credentials do not have access to any confidential data.
Contributing
If you want a better idea of how dotenv works, check out the Ruby Rogues Code Reading of dotenv.
 1. Fork it
 2. Create your feature branch (git checkout -b my-new-feature)
 3. Commit your changes (git commit -am 'Added some feature')
 4. Push to the branch (git push origin my-new-feature)
 5. Create new Pull Request
Something went wrong with that request. Please try again.


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User bulletins provide information about updates to the application.
To open the latest release user bulletin, choose Bulletins from the Help menu or click the Bulletins link in the Resources portlet in the Home or Client dashboards.
To open user bulletins for prior releases, click the Prior release user bulletins link at the bottom of the current release user bulletin.
Note: To view and print user bulletins for releases and updates prior to v. 2018.2.0, you must have Adobe Reader version 9.0 or higher installed.
You can search for specific information in the HTML format bulletins (version 20187.2.0 and higher) by following these steps.
 1. Expand the text for the applicable sections or click the Show expandable text link at the top of this article to expand all text in the article.
 2. Press CTRL+F on your keyboard to open a search field above the toolbar.
 3. Enter the search term in the search field. As you type your search term, the Help & How-To Center highlights all instances of the term in the body of the article.
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text:
MAFF is the Government department charged with overall responsibility for food safety issues, including those relating to the presence of chemical contaminants in food. MAWs policy in this area has two broad strands based on the various potential sources of contamination:
i) Contaminants arising from natural sources, which comprise mycotoxins, which are produced by moulds present on agricultural raw materials; inherent toxicants, which are produced by the metabolism of plants used for food; and processing toxicants which are formed during food processing.
ii) Environmental contaminants which, for the most part, are not added to food intentionally, but may be present as a result of natural or human activity and which may arise at any stage of the food chain.
The evaluation will examine critically the rationale underlying the current policy as well as the mechanisms employed in its delivery, assessing their relevance and the contribution that they make to achieving MAWs wider policy objectives.


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The Portland Harbor Superfund Site in Portland, Oregon, is the result of more than a century of industrial use along the Willamette River.
Water and sediments along Portland Harbor are contaminated with many hazardous substances, including heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), dioxin, and pesticides. These compounds have been found to be harmful to human health and the environment. Because of the contamination, some types of fish found in Portland Harbor, such as bass, carp and catfish currently pose a health risk to those who eat them.
Portland Harbor was added to EPA's National Priorities List in December 2000. The current study area extends from the Columbia Slough to the Broadway Bridge.
EPA and the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality are working with potentially responsible parties to clean up contaminated sediment and control sources of additional contamination.
The Final Human Health Risk Assessment for Portland Harbor Superfund Site is available for review (PDF) (141 pp, 1.2MB). The general conclusions from the assessment are:
- eating resident fish such as catfish, bass, and carp from Portland Harbor is a health risk especially for recreational and subsistence fishers, and infants that are breast fed by mothers who eat resident fish;
- PCBs are the primary contaminant associated with most of the risk from eating Portland Harbor fish; and
- the health risks are great enough for cleanup to be needed under the Superfund law.
We are working with the Lower Willamette Group to finalize the draft ecological risk assessment, remedial investigation and the feasibility study which evaluates cleanup alternatives for Portland Harbor. We will use the final remedial investigation and feasibility study to develop a proposed cleanup plan by 2014. When released there will be a series of public information sessions to discuss the proposed plan and the opportunity for formal public comments. Until then, we will continue to meet with the community to provide updates, answer questions, and listen to concerns.
- Notice of Assessment and Stipulated Penalties Letter to Lower Willamette Group (PDF) (3 pp, 243K) - April 10, 2013
- Final Human Health Risk Assessment (PDF) (141 pp, 1.2MB) - March 28, 2013
- Note: To review appendices please contact Alanna Conley (_EMAIL_) via email or at _PHONE_ for a CD of the full report. You can also visit Multnomah County Central Library's Government Documents section.
- Proposed Confined Disposal Facility Questions and Answers (PDF) (19 pp, 100K) - January 13, 2013
- EPA comments on the RI/FS Draft Baseline Ecological Risk Assessment (PDF) (44 pp, 937K) - December 21, 2012
- EPA comments on the March 2012 Draft Study Feasibility Study (PDF) (24 pp, 1MB) - December 18, 2012
- Portland Harbor Baseline Human Health Risk Assessment (BHHRA) Dispute Decision (PDF) (10 pp, 924K) - December 6, 2012
- Portland Harbor BHHRA Dispute Decision Memo - Partial Resolution (PDF) (2 pp, 94K) - October 25, 2012


another part of the plant, under kosher law, the process has been contaminated. Likewise, in plants that produce both kosher and non-kosher or even dairy and pareve (non-dairy), engineers must carefully review details like returned condensate. The CRC makes frequent random inspections and is diligent in educating themselves to understand plant engineering, ensuring that kosher laws are not broken. This is of great service to the food processor by giving assistance to their process planning and provides a third-party certification of product quality. Rabbi Fishbane emphasizes that this requires a technical education supported through "constant attendance of seminars and lectures" and "not every agency's approval is acknowledged by the CRC." A specifying engineer needs to determine which agencies have the ability to make the types of inspections required for the specific application. Each heat transfer fluid manufacturer has the information on which agency they use. A note on kosher fluids is that the fluid also should be rated as kosher/pareve, which means it can be used for foods and additives intended for consumption on Passover and used all year. When the temperature requirement of the application exceeds 600oF (316oC) or surface temperatures on the heat exchange surface exceeds 650oF (343oC), a heat transfer fluid rated for incidental food contact should not be specified. What about kosher? Kosher law allows for a non-kosher fluid heating medium if that medium is made so foul that any contamination would make the food or additive that is heated inedible. By their nature, aromatic chemistries used for higher temperatures have a strong, pungent odor, especially when heated, and qualify readily for this exemption.
Sidebar: See for Yourself
Visit these web sites for more information. Pete Frentzos is product manager at Radco Industries, La Fox, Ill.
© 2020 Radco Industries, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Webfoot
Stay Connected


text:
We are sorry to inform you that the event has been cancelled as a precautionary measure with the importance of prevention and reducing the risk of vulnerable populations' exposure.
We apologise for any inconvenience caused but the health and wellbeing of our community is our overriding concern. We hope that the events will be rescheduled for a later date.
"Each dive to the sacred war graves of Çanakkale was a thrilling rendezvous with the wandering ghosts of the deep. As if they were not sunken men-of-war, but alive witnesses of 1915." Savaş Karakaş (Curator)
The Exhibition of Echoes from the Deep – Wrecks of the Dardanelles Campaign sheds light to different aspects of the naval campaigns and invites the visitors on a historical journey from the depths of the Dardanelles to the trenches of Gallipoli.
The exhibition also includes a great number of documents, underwater photos, info boards, maps and documentary films on the ship and submarine wrecks that either assaulted or defended the strait compiled from Turkish, British and Australian archives.
*Please note that the exhibition can be visited during the hours defined further below.
20th March – 9th April 2020
Mondays – Fridays, 10 am – 6 pm
Yunus Emre Enstitüsü – London, 10 Maple Street, W1T 5HA


text:
Package-Specific Context Entries
This example outlines how to create package-specific context entries.
The Context Panel provides easy clickable access to many commands in Maple. In Maple's user interface, when your cursor is on either input or output for 2-D math expressions (or output from 1-D math expressions), context-sensitive operations can be found in the Context Panel on the right side of the screen.
In order to make sure that as many people as possible can access commands in your package, it is important to consider adding one or more of your commands to the context-sensitive infrastructure. The following example will show you how that's possible.
First, start with a package that you have authored.
Here is a quick example of a package module that has three exports:
squared: a procedure that takes an integer and squares it
cubed: a procedure that takes an integer and cubes it
parsestring: a procedure that takes a string and attempts to parse it
Here is the output of the package exports.
Adding Context Panel Entries
There are several important parts of building individual entries for the context panel.
Most importantly, you want to know:
WHAT to call the entry; the label to show in the context panel
WHICH command you want to use; the command to apply when the label is clicked
WHEN to show the entry; under what type conditions the option is shown
HOW you will help the user use it; the tooltip to help describe what the command does
The command to add an entry to the current context-sensitive infrastructure is called ContextMenu:-CurrentContext:-Entries:-Add.
Here is a short example of using the command where you add an entry to the context panel that negates a boolean value:
"Negate", _TAG_ to show
"not %EXPR", _TAG_ to apply
boolean, _TAG_ conditions
'helpstring'="Negate the expression"): _TAG_ to show
Try clicking on the output below and using the "Negate" option from the context panel.
Using "Negate" gives the following:
The most important part of specifying a context panel entry is determining WHEN to show it. Typically, you should try to show context-sensitive entries whenever Maple detects input that is of the same type as is expected for your routines. For example, the above module expects type integer for the procedures squared and cubed, and type string for the procedure parsestring.
Here is another example using the module above. In this example, you will add a new entry called "Square" that is shown for an integer input.
"Square", _TAG_ to show
":-MyPackage:-squared(%EXPR)", _TAG_ to apply
integer, _TAG_ conditions
'helpstring'="Square the expression"): _TAG_ to show
Click on the output below, then use the "Square" option from the context panel.
Using "Square" gives the following:
Since the example for cubed will be similar to squared, you can skip that and do one more example for the parsestring procedure.
"Parse string", _TAG_ to show
":-MyPackage:-parsestring(%EXPR)", _TAG_ to apply
string, _TAG_ conditions
'helpstring'="Parse the string"): _TAG_ to show
Adding Context Panel Entries to a Package
Next, add the entries for each of the procedures created above to the code for the package module. For a package implemented as a module, new and relevant context-sensitive entries can be created inside the module's ModuleLoad export; this will cause the new context panel entries to be automatically created upon the first invocation or use of the package.
Before adding the entries for the procedures to the package module, make a copy of the current context panel. You can now freely customize the copied panel.
Note: The added entries will not be visible in the Maple context panel until you execute the Install command.
pCM := ContextMenu:-CurrentContext:-Copy():
Queries can be useful while determining when to show your context-sensitive items. New context panel entries can be configured so as to only appear under specific circumstances - such as when the package is loaded (using with).
Add a query to test if your package is loaded or not:
"Is MyPackage Loaded",
member( ':-MyPackage', packages() );
The AddMultiple command adds multiple entries in one call:
'helpstring'="Square the expression" ],
'helpstring'="Cube the expression" ],
[ "Parse string",
'helpstring'="Parse the string"],
'submenu'=["MyPackage"], _TAG_ a sub-folder for MyPackage
'active'="Is MyPackage Loaded"); _TAG_ active option tests whether some condition is met( i.e. if "Is MyPackage loaded"? );
The Install command adds the entries to the context panel:
Next, load the package to activate the entries:
Finally, you can put this together in the original procedure, creating a package that contains its own context-sensitive panel code. In order for the context-sensitive code to be available when a package is run, it is required that the code for the actions are added to the ModuleLoad section of the module. If a ModuleLoad local or export is present, then this procedure is called when the module is read from the Maple repository in which it is located (in the code below, this is done manually by calling ModuleLoad() ).
When MyPackage is loaded, the ModuleLoad section is initialized, making the commands available in the context-sensitive system.
Thus, clicking on 3 now shows a submenu for "MyPackage" as well as several available commands.
There are more examples that discuss package authoring and context panels in Maple, including:
Creating a New Package Workbook
Adding an Entry to the Context Menu Module
Return to Index for Example Worksheets
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text:
you created for your fog
- Ctrl+V to paste your Zdepth image straight into the fog vector mask
- Ctrl+I to invert it
- Alt+Click again on the vector mask to leave the view
You can only use this method to have a base for your fog, but either way you'll have to add a bit of yourself in the image. The idea here is to be realistic and artistic at the same time.
- fog accumulates in mid height
- the further the object, the denser the fog will get
- fog is not perfectly homogeneous
- don't hide your building in the fog
- use fog to emphasize specific areas of your project and create an interesting setting
- use fog to differentiate levels of depth in your image
6. Add falling snow
The image is starting to get there, but what would a winter scene be without at least a little bit of snow?
This is where we'll get full advantage of the brush settings I was speaking earlier. I borrowed this technique from a Phlearn tutorial. Here's how to proceed.
Create a custom brush
Simple step here, we'll create a custom brush for our snow. It will be super simple but will make the difference in the long run. As explained earlier, all we need is to create a new document and draw a black and white shape and then set it as a custom brush.
Above is the shape you want to draw (on a 500 by 500 pixels document). Pretty simple heh!
The thing is by doing this simple brush we create two parameters :
- The spacing between two snowflakes
- A minimum and a maximum (relative) size for the snowlakes
When done : Edit>Define Brush Preset>Give it a name
Adjust the presets for our new brush
In the brush settings (Window>Brush), we'll have a closer look at several parameters:
First category, the Brush Tip Shape. By playing around with the spacing slider, we can set the distance between our snowflakes.
You can see the realtime preview at the bottom of the window.
Second category, the Shape Dynamics.
- Increase size jitter to 100% will create a randomness in the size of the snowflakes, which is pretty handy since snowflakes never have the same size
- Minimum diameter will set the minimum size of our snowlakes
- Angle jitter will create randomness in the angle at which the brush is used. Pretty handy as well to create chaos in our falling snow. You can set it to a 100%
- Roundness jitter will deform a little our snowflakes. Keep it near 100%
In the preview, you can now see that our snow is looking much more chaotic, hence realistic and believable.
Third category, Scattering.
It pretty self-explanatory. Just play around with the three sliders until you get what you want. You don't want your snowflakes to be too dense though. Keep in mind that it can still be adjusted on the fly if you're not satisfied with your first parameters.
Last but not least, Transfer.
This one will create randomness in terms of opacity in your snowflakes. Extremely useful as well so don't overlook that parameter.
Now that our brush is neatly set, we can start painting. The workflow here is pretty simple.
- Create a new layer and with a small brush paint in the background in a quite dense way.
- Create a new layer and with a bigger brush paint in the middleground in a more sparse way.
- Create a new layer and with a larger brush again paint your foreground.
- You can even create a final layer and paint with a really large brush with only a couple of strokes to simulate snowflakes landing on your camera lens for example.
Gaussian blur and motion blur
Our snowflakes still look a bit too sharp and unreal. But we're only one step away from believability.
For your background to middleground layer, select your layer one by one and add a gaussian blur (Filter>Blur>Gaussian Blur). The number of pixels for your effect depends on several factor. The only thing you have to keep in mind is : what is in focus?
If your snowflakes are in focus blur them just a little to get feathered edges. If they are out of focus, blur them even more but not too much so that we can still capture the shape of each snowflakes.
For your foreground, first apply a motion blur (Filter>Blur>Motion Blur) to create a sense of motion. And then apply a gaussian blur (Filter>Blur>Gaussian Blur) to get rid of sharp edges.
Two little extra tips :
- Gaussian blur is an effect you will use a lot. Save time by setting a shortcut for it. I personally use : Ctrl+Alt+B. To set a new shortcut, just go into Edit>Keyboard Shortcuts (Alt+Shift+Ctrl+K), and find the gaussian blur effect in the drop down menu and set a shortcut you find convenient.
- You can adjust your gaussian blur intensity even after you've pressed ok. To do so, just convert each of your snowflake layer to a smart object (Right Click on the name of the layer > Conver to Smart Object). If you apply a gaussian blur to a smart object, the effect is then added under your smart object layer. To adjust your gaussian blur intensity, just double click on the effect, it will take you straight to the effect panel for further adjustments. Pretty handy!
7. Adjust Levels and Saturation
Now that our image is sort of finished, we can concentrate on the three last aspects : levels, saturations and colours. First we'll focus on saturations and levels.
To do so we filled a new layer with pure red (R:255 G:0 B:0) and set its blending mode to luminosity. In order to isolate saturation, we have to neutralize hue as well. To neutralize hue, we have to fill another layer with pure red (R:255 G:0 B:0) and set its blending mode to Hue.
Hue and Luminosity being neutralized when we turn both of these layers on, the only information left is the saturation. To bring the effect up a bit more, we can use a hue/saturation adjustment layer, put it on top of all these layers, and increase the saturation so that the discrepancy between different levels of saturation are emphasized.
Using this technique, this is what we get for our image.
The idea behind all this is that, in real life, saturation levels are homogeneous. Using this technique we can put our finger on inconsistent saturation levels. To correct them, we simply use a hue/saturation adjustment layer, clip it to the affected layer (Ctrl+Alt+G), and lower or increase the saturation until the layer blends perfectly in its surroundings. Repeat for each layer whether it's too saturated or not enough.
After saturation adjustments, here's what we get.
8. Adjust colours
Final tweak is the colours. We've been working in black and white the whole time and, if we turn of this saturation layer, we'll see that most of our composited images are a bit off. See for yourself on the image below.
To get the image on the right side, which is a representation of only the hues of the image, we need to turn on the hue/saturation adjustment layer from earlier plus the red layer set to Luminosity. With only these two layers activated, the remaining information is only hues.
To adjust the hues, we'll proceed the same as for saturations. For each layer we'll adjust their hues. The good thing is that, since we worked on saturation already, we can use the same hue/saturation adjustment layer to adjust hue.
Ok, but what do we do precisely?
Well, this is up to you. In our case, a winter scene, we know that we'll be more into blueish hues. So we can start there.
Another thing you can do is use reference images and analyse their hues with the new filter you've just created. It then becomes extremely simple to adjust your image in comparison to your reference and get the same hues.
All in all, this all becomes a matter of experience in the end, whether you do it surgically from a reference image, or whether you eyeball it.
After these adjustments, here's what we get.
Much better, right?
Finally we did it. Hope it wasn't too hard to follow me through all the steps. Don't hesitate to comment and ask questions if need be.
As mentioned earlier, you will find all the brushes I've used here for free. Hope this helps!
Also, you can find a breakdown video here to get some extra details of the process.
Please like and share this article so that it reaches as many archviz artists as possible. And don't forget to subscribe to our newsletter to get for more tutorials and freebies like this one!


A Vermont gold rush memoir
Associated Press
In this 1946 family photo provided by Gary Shaw via publisher Tordis Ilg Isselhardt, George G. Shaw, who spent years in the Canadian Yukon during the gold rush of the 1890s, poses with horses his home in Bridport.
MONTPELIER – The stories of a Vermont farmer who spent years moiling for gold in the Canadian Yukon might have remained in the hand-typed and bound edition that was passed around by his family for decades until a grandson heard a talk about the gold rush of the 1890s.
The tale of how George G. Shaw set out to seek his fortune was family lore: the stories he told were taken down by hand over the years, then hand-typed by his granddaughter and bound as gifts for his descendants.
Now, Shaw's exploits are the subject of a new book, "To the Klondike and Back, _PHONE_," the story of the Bridport farm boy who ended up in the Yukon after hearing of the gold strike then returned after amassing a fortune that would approach a half-million dollars today.
"I never thought of having it published. It was just a family history, something to keep within the family," said Ann G. Shaw, 83, now living in Florida, the widow of George B. Shaw, the son of the prospector who hand-wrote his father's stories over the years. "Then when this came, I had no idea it would be of interest this many years later."
One of Shaw's grandsons, Gary Payne, happened to attend a talk about the gold rush at a library in Vergennes. The speaker put him in touch with a publisher who saw the value of Shaw's story.
The Yukon gold rush was a time immortalized by Jack London's book "The Call of the Wild," the story of the sled dog Buck that escapes humanity and goes wild, or the Cremation of Sam McGee, the Robert Service poem about the efforts of a man from Tennessee to escape the Arctic cold, even after death.
Middlebury College history Professor Kathryn Morse, who wrote a book about the gold rush called "The Nature of Gold," said that by the 1890s the railroads had made cross-country travel relatively easy and many easterners made the trek west, intending to return home after their years in the gold fields. At the same time, there was a deep economic depression that made it hard for young men to get a start on their own.
In this spring 1929 family photo provided by Ann Shaw via publisher Tordis Ilg Isselhardt, George G. Shaw, right, who spent years in the Canadian Yukon during the gold rush of the 1890s, is seen with his son George B. Shaw at an unknown location.
"This was one avenue in which they imagined they could have an adventure, escape from the constraints of their either industrial boring lives or their provincial, rural boring lives, avoid marriage and maybe gain some capital in order to perhaps come home and get some land or get a better job," said Morse.
George G. Shaw fit the profile. He was born in Long Lake, New York in 1872. His family moved to a farm in Bridport in 1890. In 1894, he headed west to Seattle and lived with an uncle while working as a lumberjack and putting away some savings that he ended up using to fund his journey to the gold fields and Canada and Alaska.
Gold was discovered in the Yukon in 1896, fueling the rush that began the next year and lasted until around the turn of the century when the easy-to-find gold had disappeared, Morse said.
During his years outside of Vermont, George G. Shaw wrote one letter home. It was dated June 23, 1898, from Dawson, Northwest Territories.
He wrote of "winter drifting on Bonanza creek" and clearing $2,000, which didn't cover much because of the high cost of "grub and everything else," including a bag of flour for $100. He hauled sleds through the wilderness because dogs were too expensive.
He wrote: "There is money in it all right and I am in here to get all I can."
He stayed three more years. Before leaving he sold his claims in the Yukon for $12,000 in $100 U.S. bills. He added to that another $3,000 he'd accumulated from his mining efforts. It would be valued at roughly $420,000 in 2014 dollars.
George G. Shaw returned to Vermont in 1901, bought a farm in Bridport and stayed there until his death in 1958, all the while telling his stories to his son, George B. Shaw, who died in 1995 after he'd written up the stories by hand.
George B. Shaw's daughter, Erin Shaw Pastuszenski, 57, of New York who typed the stories in 1980, which were bound into volumes intended for the family, said her father worked on the farm most of his life. He didn't get his GED until he was an adult and the family was living in Arizona.
"He remembered things so well," she said. "I feel a lot of pride that my dad did that."


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Naming the 'harshest sound in the world' seems like it would be a subjective matter, but scientists say they have pinpointed the sound that qualifies for the moniker.
Perhaps for you it is nails on a chalkboard, or maybe the snap of bubblegum, or even the sound of a particular person's voice.
Naming the "harshest sound in the world" seems like it would be a subjective matter, but scientists say they have pinpointed the sound that qualifies for the moniker.
According to a research study by a team at the University of Newcastle, the harshest sound in the world is a knife against glass.
The team examined brain activity in a group of volunteers, who listened to 74 recorded sounds under an MRI machine and ranked each experience, according to ABC News. The 13 subjects found the sound of a fork against glass to be the second worst sound.
The group found that sounds with frequencies of 2000-5000 Hz were the most disagreeable.
The MRI scans showed that these sounds increased blood flow in the brain's auditory cortex, which processes sounds, as well as triggers the amygdala, a primitive part of the brain that processes our emotional responses, according to MSN.
While it's hard to imagine a study like this ever having a purpose beyond finding a better torture technique, Tim Griffiths, the study's co-author, said, "The new finding in this study is to precisely define the loop between the auditory cortex and the amygdala."
In the mood for a bit of masochism? Take a listen to what scientists say is the harshest sound on Earth.


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As the cycle of change increases its speed, leadership communication is becoming more important than ever. Since the original publication of Leading Out Loud in 1995, the development of a leader's message has become as critical to success as the delivery of that message. In this new and revised edition of his highly praised work, Terry Pearce explains how the events of recent years, including the information revolution, worldwide focus on terrorism, and the revelation of corporate scandals, have significantly increased the importance of authenticity in leadership to build loyalty in organizations.This new edition focuses on the source of a message for change, its development as a platform for leadership communication, and its many forms of expression from speeches to e-mails, memos, and even informal "water cooler" conversation. Pearce shows leaders in business, politics, and nonprofits how to communicate their values and vision to inspire commitment; he provides tools and examples from well-known leaders as well as less-known but effective change agents. Leading Out Loud gives readers concrete methods for improving their own communication by guiding them to do the internal work necessary for creating an honest and compelling vision, and by demonstrating how readers can find their authentic voice and articulate their messages with confidence.People make commitments, says Pearce, to causes they value and to people they respect and trust. An authentic voice and an inclusive perspective are requisites for any leader who would inspire change. Trust is built by communicating from both the mind and the heart, speaking directly to the minds and hearts of others, listening to their response, and respecting their points of view. All leaders will benefit from Pearce's wisdom, as will anyone else who wants to inspire positive change through others.
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Rent Leading Out Loud 2nd edition today, or search our site for Terry textbooks. Every textbook comes with a 21-day "Any Reason" guarantee. Published by Jossey-Bass.


The Story
Wolfe Audio Production™ is the brain-child of ''Wolfe Audio™'', a part-time music producer from the San Francisco Bay Area. Wolfe Audio™ has a strong interest in many music genres. His current projects revolve around EDM, Soul, R&B, and Hip-Hop music.
Wolfe Audio™ grew up with a busy schedule. As a youth, his mother added music instruction in the recorder, piano, violin, and saxophone to his everyday life. Music performances either occurred on Saturdays or weekday evenings. Private violin lessons in the Twin Peaks area of San Francisco helped to create a deeper understanding of music. Practicing with the Suzuki Method of learning music helped Wolfe Audio™ maintain proficiency in a complicated instrument.
During his adult years, Wolfe Audio™ developed a passion for the artistic side of life. Music composition became a dream career. In his off-time, Wolfe Audio™ dabbled in electronic music production. He assisted one producer from Florida in professional home recording and music promotion. The producer's music ended up being played on several local radio stations.
Currently, Wolfe Audio™ is focused on music production and creating original music. His plan is to create music year-round. Music education has been the focal point of his life the past several years. Art college has deepened his knowledge and fine-tuned his music production skills. Wolfe Audio™ is available for hire by contacting him or his part-time staff through this site.


Dog ate chocolate?
ask a vet
Brown near cat's vagina.
Species: Cat
Breed: american shorthair
Age: 2-5 years
Talia has brown in her fur around her vagina and I wiped it with a baby wipe and it is brown on the wipe. She has always had urinary issues in that she wont use the litter box to urinate. She goes on wee wee pads. I do not see blood in her urine. Should I be concerned?
Online vet, Dr. Marie
Dr. Marie replied:
Thanks for your question. Sometimes it can be normal to see some brown staining around the vaginal area of a cat. However, it's also possible that there is brown staining because she has been overgrooming the area. This could happen if there is some type of infection, either in the skin surrounding the area, in the vagina or possibly even a urinary tract infection or something called interstitial cystitis. Interstitial cystitis is something that we don't fully understand but it can cause a cat to feel like she has to urinate often.
So how do we tell whether there is a problem? The answer lies in watching her behavior. Over the next few days, take note of how often you see her licking this area. A normal cat should not be seen regularly doing this, but if you see her doing this several times a day then I think there is likely some irritation there and she should see the vet.
Also, take note of how often she is urinating. Even though you are not seeing blood, if she is going to the litter box (or wee pads) more often than usual then this can be a sign of a problem as well.
As long as she is eating and drinking well and does not seem overly irritated, then it's probably ok to keep an eye on her for a couple of days. Here are some things that would make me want to see the vet:
-If you notice she is licking the vaginal area excessively.
-If you notice she is trying to urinate more frequently than usual.
-If you see her trying to urinate but nothing is coming out.
-If you see a yellow or green pus in the vaginal area.
-If she starts to lose her appetite or act overly lethargic.
Hope that helps and I hope she is ok.
Dr. Marie
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Call Us Today _PHONE_
Inconsistent Visitation and Resulting Problems
Once a court order is in place concerning possession and access, parties and their children tend to acclimate to the new schedule without too many problems. However, if the possessory parent (the parent who does not have the exclusive right to designate the primary residence of the children) has an obstacle when regularly exercising possession, problems can arise.
Possessory Parent Is Not Required To Exercise
First, it is important to understand that the possessory parent is not required to exercise each and every period of possession awarded to them in the order. In fact, every order will contain a provision that orders the parties to notify the other parent when they are unable to exercise a period of possession.
Second, just because one parent notifies the other parent that they cannot exercise a period of possession, the other parent is not obligated to arrange their schedule to accommodate whatever portion of the period of possession can be exercised.
Most of the time, an inability to exercise possession and access is not going to be a problem as parents tend to fall into one of two categories:
 1. A parent who exercises nearly every period of possession barring some medical emergency or natural disaster or
 2. A parent who never exercises at all. In these cases, there is a level of predictability for the parents and the children.
However, in the rare cases where a parent's exercise of periods of possession is not as predictable, such as their work schedule is exceedingly difficult to predict, or subject to change, lack of predictability can become a problem for both parents.
Enforcement is likely to be a concern for both parents.
Parents do not want to just sit at home and wait for a parent that may or may not show up. However, not being at home for the designated periods of possession may make them vulnerable to an enforcement action, which can include fines, attorney's fees, and even jail.
Possessory parents who have an everchanging schedule cannot enforce their periods of possession unless they can guarantee that they are where they are supposed to be at when they are supposed to be under the order. If they have a consistent issue with not being able to be there at the ordered time and place, there only solution may be to file a modification of the underlying order.
Open Communication & Best Practices
Having open communication with the other parent can help alleviate these problems. Establishing a consistent method of communication can be helpful. Our clients have used a variety of co-parenting apps, such as ourfamilywizard.com, to have a designated method of communication between them and the other parent. Let the other parent know as soon as an issue arises and what your suggestion would be. Be considerate of the other parent's plans when asking for a change in schedule. Figuring out a method that works for both parents can avoid future litigation.


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Boost to numbers of young Bewick's swans in Norfolk
Bewick's swans are returning to Norfolk with the most young that ornithologists have seen for a decade.
Surveys on the Ouse Washes found flocks contain 17.6% cygnets and young compared to an average of about 10% over the past 10 years.
Bewick's swans have declined steeply in number since the 1990s.
Dutch ornithologists Wim Tijsen and Jan Beekman coordinate counts in northern Europe and report an average of 14% young, the highest since 2001.
The factors behind this year's success in their breeding grounds in Arctic Russia are not fully understood due to its remoteness.
Conservationists are concerned climate change is partly behind the recent decline, the Wildfowl and Wetland Trust at Welney said.
The trust has been X-raying Bewick's swans for 40 years and has found nearly a quarter have been shot, despite being protected in every one of the countries they fly through.
Swans are also large birds that cannot manoeuvre quickly in flight, making them susceptible to collisions with large man-made structures such as pylons and wind turbines.
The trust uses technology to track swans precise movements and uses the data to try to ensure wind farms are located where they will not affect migration.


text:
Greenly History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms
- Origins Available:
The Scottish surname Greenly is a habitational name taken on one of the places named Greenlees, in Lanarkshire. The place name comes from the Scots words "gre-ne" meaning "green," and "ley(s)," meaning a "a meadow."
Early Origins of the Greenly family
The surname Greenly was first found in Lanarkshire (Gaelic: Siorrachd Lannraig) a former county in the central Strathclyde region of Scotland, now divided into the Council Areas of North Lanarkshire, South Lanarkshire, and the City of Glasgow.
"[Greenlaw, Berwickshire] is supposed to have derived its name from the situation of the ancient village on one of those conical eminences of which there are several in the parish, which eminence, from its superior verdure, obtained the appellation of the Green Law."
Important Dates for the Greenly family
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Greenly research. Another 145 words (10 lines of text) covering the years 1574, 1689, 1729, 1820, 1696, 1354 and 1421 are included under the topic Early Greenly History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Greenly Spelling Variations
Spelling variations of this family name include: Greenlees, Greenleaf, Greenleas, Greenles and others.
Early Notables of the Greenly family (pre 1700)
More information is included under the topic Early Greenly Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Greenly migration to the United States
Some of the first settlers of this family name were:
Typical Greenly Emigration from the United Kingdom to North America
Greenly Settlers in United States in the 17th Century
- Steeven Greenly, aged 16, who landed in Barbados in 1635
Contemporary Notables of the name Greenly (post 1700)
- William L. Greenly (_PHONE_), American Democrat politician, Member of Michigan State Senate, 1839-40, 1842-43; Lieutenant Governor of Michigan, 1846-47; Governor of Michigan, 1847-48; Mayor of Adrian, Michigan, 1858-59
- Thomas Greenly, American politician, Member of New York State Assembly from Madison County, 1817-19; Member of New York State Senate 5th District, 1823-25
You May Also Like
- ^ Lewis, Samuel, A Topographical Dictionary of Scotland. Institute of Historical Research, 1848, Print.
- ^ Filby, P. William, Meyer, Mary K., Passenger and immigration lists index : a guide to published arrival records of about 500,000 passengers who came to the United States and Canada in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. _PHONE_ Cumulated Supplements in Four Volumes Detroit, Mich. : Gale Research Co., 1985, Print (ISBN 0-8103-1795-8)
- ^ The Political Graveyard: Alphabetical Name Index. (Retrieved 2015, November 13) . Retrieved from _URL_


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Children Hospital Regina Margherita
Child hospital surfacing with rubber flooring Nd/Uni
"An idea of Journey is the common theme between the two environments of the Emergency Room" explains Architect Sara Miroglio of Miroglio+Lupica. "The healing process is represented with the help of six cartoon characters, six animals from the surroundings, that become virtual companions for the young patients".
The Triage has been turned into a red magic bus, the first step in the healing process.
"The characters, created in collaboration with Luisella Cresto, were chosen to evoke a natural reality that would be accessible and recognisable for the children. We wanted to make the hospital setting more comfortable and pleasant. We were really aiming for identification between the characters and the kids, so that a tale would be born. Even a tale that the parents could tell to make time pass easier".
For this project we provided our own Nd/Uni rubber flooring (same as in the previous Isola di Margherita ward) and this time also Screed was used for the Triage, for a total surface of almost 1000 sqm.


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Background: Increased longevity among people with learning disabilities is accompanied by an increase in morbidity. A possible explanation is that living in the community and a move to greater independence may bring higher health risks through obesity and smoking. The study aimed to see if rates of smoking have increased from earlier published rates and to ascertain the awareness of the risks of smoking among people with learning disabilities.
Methods: A total of 435 people attending four social services day centres in a large urban area were assisted to complete a questionnaire.
Results: Twenty-seven (6.2%) reported that they currently smoked. Those with mild disabilities were much more likely to smoke than those with more severe disabilities and they also reported smoking more heavily. For those with mild levels of learning disability, a higher than expected proportion living in hospital and staffed housing smoked, a lower proportion living with parents smoked but for those living independently the proportion who smoked was no higher than expected. Smokers were more knowledgeable about the risks than non-smokers even if the level of learning disability was controlled for. Only a third of smokers were concerned about the risks.
Conclusion: The study provides no evidence that rates of smoking are increasing among people with learning disabilities nor that those living independently were more likely to smoke. Knowledge of health risks is poor across the group, but higher among the smokers who were unlikely to express concern about the risks. This may indicate that more support may be needed along with health education in this group.


Mathematics Colloquia and Seminars
Return to Colloquia & Seminar listing
Linear Programming orientations of Polyhedra
Algebra & Discrete Mathematics
Speaker: Mike Develin, UC Berkeley
Location: 693 Kerr
Start time: Thu, Oct 31 2002, 12:10PM
Given a combinatorial $d$-polytope $P$ and an orientation on its graph, we may ask the following question: Does there exist a realization of $P\subset \mathbb{R}^d$ and a linear functional $f$ such that $f$ induces the given orientation on the graph of $P$? Holt and Klee introduced a set of necessary conditions on the orientation for it to be a so-called LP-orientation; we show that for cubes, these conditions are very insufficient in the sense that the proportional of Holt-Klee orientations of the $d$-cube which are LP-orientations goes rapidly to 0 as $d$ gets large. For cross-polytopes, we give a strengthening of the Holt-Klee conditions which is both necessary and sufficient for an orientation to be LP.


text:
Text::Levenshtein - An implementation of the Levenshtein edit distance
use Text::Levenshtein qw(distance);
# prints "2"
# prints "2 0 3"
This module implements the Levenshtein edit distance.
The Levenshtein edit distance is a measure of the degree of proximity between two strings.
This distance is the number of substitutions, deletions or insertions ("edits")
needed to transform one string into the other one (and vice versa).
When two strings have distance 0, they are the same.
A good point to start is:
_TAG_ also Text::LevenshteinXS on CPAN if you do not require a perl-only implementation. It
_TAG_ extremely faster in nearly all cases.
_TAG_ also Text::WagnerFischer on CPAN for a configurable edit distance, i.e. for
_TAG_ costs (weights) for the edits.
Copyright 2002 Dree Mistrut >
perl6 port: 2010 Steve Schulze
This package is free software and is provided "as is" without express
or implied warranty. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as Perl itself.


text:
Keywords: vehicular traffic, speed–density modelling, explicit model, traffic speed, traffic density, vehicle speeds, vehicle densities, simulation, traffic flow, urban roads, traffic congestion, congestion prediction, sparse data
A simple explicit model approximating the relationship between speed and density of vehicular traffic on urban roads
With the increase in simulation of urban environments for the purpose of planning, modelling vehicular traffic has become important. Since empirical evidence on traffic flow is relatively sparse, models are being increasingly used for planning urban roads and environments. In this paper, a simple, explicit model is proposed to approximate the speed versus density of vehicular traffic flow. The model, which uses two parameters derived from simple measurements of real–time traffic data, allows for a prediction of the approximate relationship for congested as well as uncongested vehicular traffic flow. The proposed model is especially useful in conditions where available data is sparse and can be invaluable for the modelling and simulation of urban environments.