text:
Finger puppets are a fantastic method to get children interested in crafts. Making wild animal finger puppets is a simple craft that takes only a few minutes. This article will show you how to make wild animal finger puppets for kids using only a few materials and no stitching needed. This is a fantastic creative art and craft project for kids who enjoy playing and creating things with their imaginations!
What you will need
- Orange and black felt
- Brown and light brown felt
- Grey and light pink felt
- Yellow felt
- Googly eyes
- A Circle-shaped object for tracing
Tiger Finger Puppet
- A circle-shaped object is needed to trace a circle on the orange felt.
- Draw two triangles on your orange felt.
- Then cut out your circles and the triangles. Stick the ears on the head of your tiger.
- Cut out zig-zag patterns from black felt. Then make your tigers face by sticking the googly eyes and black felt on to your circle.
- With your marker, draw on your nose and mouth to complete your tigers face.
- Turn your tiger around, and get some black felt. Put some glue on left and right, but be sure not to put any in the middle, so your finger fits through!
This is your first wild animal finger puppet!
Monkey Finger Puppet
- A circle-shaped object is needed to trace a circle on the dark brown felt. Draw half circles on each side of the circle to make ears for your monkey. Then cut it out.
- With your light brown felt, draw your monkey's face. See video for more detail on this.
- Cut out after drawing and stick on to your circle.
- Draw on your nose and month at the bottom of the circle with your marker.
- Then stick your googly eyes on the top.
- Turn the monkey around and get some light brown felt. Put some glue on left and right, but be sure not to put any on the middle, so your finger fits through!
Here is your second and most chattery wild animal!
Elephant Finger Puppet
- Get some grey felt and draw an elephant shape. If you need some help with the check out the video above.
- Cut out the elephant's face and trunk.
- Cut out oval shapes from light pink felt for the elephant's ears.
- Also cut out a little circle for the elephant's trunk from the light pink felt.
- Attach the pink felt and googly eyes to the elephant's face.
- Turn your elephant around, and grab some light pink felt. Put some glue on the left and right, but make sure not to put any in the middle, so your finger fits through!
Then you get your lovely third wild animal puppet!
Giraffe Finger puppet
- Draw a circle on your yellow felt. Add two small triangles for your ears and two horns.
- Cut out everything above with scissors.
- Stick on the horns and ears to the circle.
- Then you can add your googly eyes.
- With a brown marker, draw spots all over the face and draw the nose and mouth to finish your giraffe's face.
- Turn your giraffe around and get some orange felt. Put some glue on the left and right, but be sure not to put any in the middle so your finger fits through!
You have now completed all four of the wild animal's finger puppets!
This is a fantastic project for your children to work on.
They're ideal for adding to your animal collection! I created my craft using felt, but you may also do it with a card or paper.
Making the wild animal finger puppets when it's raining outside is simple and a pleasant activity to create!
Check out my other puppets on my website, YouTube, and Pinterest. I've got some fantastic farm animals puppets that are lots of fun to create!


text:
The Dynamic Effects of Bundling as a Product Strategy
MetadataShow full item record
CitationDerdenger, Timothy, and Vineet Kumar. "The Dynamic Effects of Bundling as a Product Strategy." Marketing Science (forthcoming).
AbstractSeveral key questions in bundling have not been empirically examined: Is mixed bundling more effective than pure bundling or pure components? Does correlation in consumer valuations make bundling more or less effective? Does bundling serve as a complement or substitute to network effects? To address these questions, we develop a consumer-choice model from micro-foundations to capture the essentials of our setting, the handheld video game market. We provide a framework to understand the dynamic, long-term impacts of bundling on demand. The primary explanation for the profitability of bundling relies on homogenization of consumer valuations for the bundle, allowing the firm to extract more surplus. We find bundling can be effective through a novel and previously unexamined mechanism of dynamic consumer segmentation, which operates independent of the homogenization effect, and can in fact be stronger when the homogenization effect is weaker. We also find that bundles are treated as separate products (distinct from component products) by consumers. Sales of both hardware and software components decrease in the absence of bundling, and consumers who had previously purchased bundles might delay purchases, resulting in lower revenues. We also find that mixed bundling dominates pure bundling and pure components in terms of both hardware and software revenues. Investigating the link between bundling and indirect network effects, we find that they act as substitute strategies, with a lower relative effectiveness for bundling when network effects are stronger.
Citable link to this pagehttp://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:_PHONE_
- HBS Scholarly Articles

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Modelling Conductive Heatflow Through A Heat-shielding Tile On A Spaceshuttle During Reentry
Tutorhunt asked me to upload an article but I'm not sure the formatting on this transfers well to tutorhunt, if you're actually interested I'll happily email it to you, descri ption in the abstract.
Date : 9/26/2016
This report investigates different numerical methods for solving PDEs which are used to model the temperature change and inner surface temperature through a heat shielding tile, which is on a space shuttle re entering earths atmosphere. Matlab is used for forward differencing, backwards differencing, the Dufort Frankel Model, and Crank Nicolson Method. The stability of these methods is discussed and the efficiency of the most stable method is investigated. It was found that the Crank Nicolson is the most stable and accurate method. It gave the ideal thickness to be between 60 and 80mm, depending on it's position the space shuttle.
Numerical modelling of PDE's is extremely important in designing real world systems where it is not always possible to measure there characteristics of a system. This could be due to it being extremely expensive, too large, or simply not feasible. In this report a space shuttle's heat shielding tile is modelled as it is heated whilst re entering earths orbit. During re entry a space shuttle experiences extreme heating due to friction between the air and the shuttles body. The shuttle hits the earths atmosphere at hyper-sonic speeds 100km from the surface. The friction from the air causes it to heat to over 1000 °C causing almost anything to burn up, the pressure from this causes objects with low compressive strength to explode. (1) For the shuttle to avoid burning up it's surface inside the tiles must not exceed 175°C (2).
⦁ The shuttle will always experience the same heating
The shuttles were reusable, and the heating effects from different ambient conditions, different entry speeds and angles was varied each time
⦁ The tile's thickness is uniform
The tiles are assumed to have a constant cross section, and are not damaged.
⦁ The tile's thermal properties are consistent.
The tiles were made batches, it's assumed that each batch had the same thermal properties.
⦁ The tiles don't degrade
The tiles had a long life time, it's assumed that their properties didn't change.
⦁ The tiles are only heated from one side
If there is any heating between the tiles it could cause them to behave differently. It's assumed that they're only heated from the external face.
Four different methods of solving PDEs are used to solve the Fourier Equation which describes the heat flow through objects:Also required is the thermal diffusivity:
Forwards Differencing has first order accuracy in time, and second order accuracy in space due to truncation of the Taylor Series. It's unstable when it's timestep. This is very limiting and makes it one of the lesser used methods for solving PDEs.
The Dufort Frankel model is an unconditionally stable version of the leap frog method, it is accurate to the second order in both time and space, however at large timesteps experiences oscillatory behaviour.
The Backwards Differencing method approximates at the new timestep, calculating by looking back in time, this is the reverse of Forward Differencing.
This is more stable, it has first order accuracy in time and second order accuracy in space.
The Crank Nicholson method uses approximations of Forward and Backward Differencing methods.
This method has second order accuracy in time and space, and is stable at large timesteps.
The stability of the methods is found by increasing the time step and plotting the inner temperatures. The more consistent the temperatures are the more stable the method, when the temperature deviates suddenly it will be unstable at all larger step sizes.
Fig.1 Stability graph, the Crank Nicholson method is most stable, and Forward dDifferencing is least stable.
The results agree with the theory, with Forward Differencing quickly becoming unstable, the Dufort Frankel Model experiencing oscillatory behaviour at large time steps, Backwards Differencing and Crank Nicolson are stable, with Crank Nicolson having second order accuracy.
The temperature data from the shuttle is found by converting a graph from NASA into a data vector on matlab. Tile 597 is used throughout this report. (3)
Fig.3 Temperature with time through the narrowest part of the tile.
This graph shows how the temperature inside the tile varies with time. The tile insulates the shuttle, as the inner surface is cooler than the outside. There is a thermal lag between the outside and inside, so the inner edge is still getting hotter when the outside is starting to cool down. This was also modelled in 3 dimensions, but the inner surface temperatures were identical. (appendix 1)
The temperature on the inside of the tile is found for different tile thicknesses, this should not exceed 175°C during re entry. The exact thickness required is found by using the shooting method to be 57mm. The bare minimum has no margin for error, so the inner surface temperature is found for a range of thicknesses.
Fig.4 Temperature for varying tile thicknesses, the thick purple line is the trendline from 100 thicknesses over the same range.
This shows an exponential change in maximum temperature for decreasing tile thickness. The greater the thickness the longer the delay before the maximum temperature is reached.
To illustrate how increasing the number of steps can cause a decrease in efficiency, the time to solve the problem was measured for a several numbers of time and spatial steps.
Fig.5 Graph of number of time and spatial steps against the time it takes to solve the problem.
Increasing either step size does not drastically impact the time taken, increasing both together can cause the program to become inefficient and take much longer requiring a lot more computing power. The final solution uses only 500 spatial and time steps, using more is unnecessary, but in larger models it may be unavoidable.
For the final result 500 time and spatial steps were used, this is fast enough, and gives precise results. Using fewer steps works, but the difference in the time it takes is negligible.
The solution was modelled using both one and two dimensions, and it was found that although there's a very small difference in some circumstances, normally there is no difference. This is because theat flows most quickly through the shortest path, so adding longer ones doesn't change anything. However modelling a defective tile would need two or three dimensions. Real world conditions perhaps create the biggest innaccuracies, when space shuttles re entering earths will not experience the same heating effect every time. On a colder day air is denser, and there is more heating, whereas on a hot day the shuttle will fall faster through the less dense air, which would change the heating on the tile.
Numerical modelling is clearly a very good way of determining how something will behave in real world conditions. But it is very hard to base a design off modelling alone. Real world measurements are needed to validate the results. Of course in the case of a space shuttle this is very hard to do, and the 57mm tile thickness found by the shooting method would be a good guide. The designers would then have to consider how much safety factor to build into the shuttle. Adding extra thickness would make it a safer, as any damage it more likely to be on the surface and not affect the the rest of the shuttle. The real shuttle used thicknesses ranging from 25 to 127mm, so clearly there is not one correct thickness. (4) As real world validation is not available, modelling is the next best thing.
⦁ Plottemp.m works automatically, and allows the user to select the temperature graph, first by cropping around the desired graph, then on the axes.
⦁ The program Thickness.m plots the temperature on the inside of the tile for a range of tile thicknesses, as well as a line through the maximum temperatures.
⦁ Timer.m creates a graph of the time taken by the program for varying number of steps. The data is saved at the end because it takes such a long time.
⦁ GUI2.m is a gui which runs plottemp and shuttle. It allows the user to change the variables and to select the temperature graph they want to use.
⦁ Shooting.m runs the shooting method to find the correct tile thickness for a desired inner surface maximum temperature.
⦁ Shuttle2D is exactly the same as shuttle, but instead uses two dimensions and plots the results changing in time. (6)
This resource was uploaded by: Sean


text:
Peter McOwan (_PHONE_)
Peter McOwan was born at Crieff in Scotland. He was converted at the age of eighteen under the influence of his brother and after an initial flirtation with Calvinism, was brought over to Arminian Methodism by reading the works of John Fletcher. After labouring as a local preacher, McOwan entered the itinerancy in 1817 and exercised an active circuit ministry in England and Scotland until superannuation in 1868. His final years were spent in Bristol.
McOwan was described by his conference obituary as being so enthusiastic in his early ministry as to endanger his health. He had a particular interest in foreign missions and made many contributions to Methodist periodicals.
Source: Hill's Arrangement 1869 and Minutes of Conference 1870

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Definition of Papilla, cancer of
Papilla, cancer of: Cancer of a structure called the papilla or ampulla of Vater, a small muscle located at the junction where the common bile duct (carrying bile from the liver and secretions from the pancreas) empties into the duodenum (upper small intestine).
Because of its location, this cancer can cause obstruction of the common bile duct and prevent bile from flowing into the intestine and out of the body. The chemicals usually eliminated from the body in bile -- in particular, bilirubin -- accumulate in the blood and cause jaundice (yellow skin and eyes) and itching. The stool becomes light-colored and the urine dark-colored since the accumulating bilirubin (which is yellow to dark brown) is eliminated in the urine instead of the stool.
The treatment is surgical removal of the cancer. There is no effective chemotherapy for ampullary cancer.
The cause of ampullary carcinoma is unknown. Fortunately, it is rather rare.
Last Editorial Review: 6/14/2012
Back to MedTerms online medical dictionary A-Z List
Need help identifying pills and medications?
Get the latest health and medical information delivered direct to your inbox FREE!

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Quantity of storm water
When rain falls over
the ground surface, a part of it percolates into the ground, a part is
evaporated in the atmosphere and the remaining part overflows as storm water.
This quantity of storm water is very large as compared with sanitary sewage.
Factors affecting storm
The following are factors which affect the quantity
of storm water:
Rainfall intensity and duration.
Area of the catchment.
Slope and shape of the catchment area.
Nature of the soil and the degree of
Initial state of the catchment.
If rainfall intensity
and duration is more, large will be the quantity of storm water available. If
the rainfall takes place very slowly even though it continues for the whole
day, the quantity of storm water available will be less.
Harder surface yield more
runoff than soft, rough surfaces. Greater the catchment area greater will be
the amount of storm water. Fan shaped and steep areas contribute more quantity
of storm water. In addition to the above it also depends on the temperature,
humidity, wind etc.
Estimate of quantity of storm water:-
Generally there are two methods by which the
quantity of storm water is calculated:
Empirical formulae method
In both the above
methods, the quantity of storm water is a function of the area, the intensity
of rainfall and the co-efficient of runoff.
Runoff from an area can
be determined by the Rational Method. The method gives a reasonable estimate up
to a maximum area of 50 ha (0.5 Km2).
Assumptions and Limitations
Use of the
rational method includes
the following assumptions
is uniform over the entire basin.
does not vary with time or space.
duration is equal to the time of concentration.
design storm of a specified frequency produces a design flood of the same frequency.
basin area increases roughly in proportion to increases in length.
6. The time
of concentration is
relatively short and
independent of storm intensity. The runoff coefficient does
not vary with storm intensity or antecedent
7. Runoff is
dominated by overland
storage effects are negligible.
The minimum duration to
be used for computation of rainfall intensity is 10 minutes. If the time of
concentration computed for the drainage area is less than 10 minutes, then 10
minutes should be adopted for rainfall intensity computations.
This method is mostly
used in determining the quantity of storm water. The storm water quantity is
determined by the rational formula:
Q = cla/360
Effects of Flow Variation on Velocity in
Due to variation in discharge, the depth of flow
varies, and hence the hydraulic mean depth
(r) varies. Due to the change in the hydraulic mean
depth, the flow velocity (which depends
directly on r2/3)
gets affected from time to time. It is necessary to check the sewer for
maintaining a minimum velocity of about 0.45 m/s at the time of minimum flow
(assumed to be 1/3rd
of average flow). The designer should also ensure that a velocity of 0.9 m/s is
developed atleast at the time of maximum flow and preferably during the average
flow periods also. Moreover, care should be taken to see that at the time of
maximum flow, the velocity generated does not exceed the scouring value.


text:
Thank you for Subscribing to Apac CIO Outlook Weekly Brief
Editor's Pick (1 - 4 of 8)
Facility Management is a Sector Ripe for Digital Disruption
By Donald Macdonald, Director, Macdonald Lucas
- The elimination of laborintensive activities that add no value to the FM process; • Efficient interfacing of FM related IT systems; • Better analysis of how asset populations perform and deteriorate in situ; and, • The ability to optimize whole of life asset costs by better understanding the interrelationship between planned maintenance, reactive maintenance, and life cycle replacement. Macdonald Lucas has been privileged to work on two current FM initiatives that are truly digitally disruptive. IoT Initiative A major FM contract for FIFO villages (fly in fly out accommodation for itinerant workers in the utilities industry) in remote Australia saw the deployment of over 17,000 IoT sensors to bedrooms and common areas. These devices ensured the heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems ran optimally. Consequently, utilities consumption and wear and tear was minimized, risk of asset failure reduced and asset life extended. Monitoring asset performance for issues like overheating and excessive vibration enabled a shift from planned maintenance to a condition-based maintenance model with maintenance carried out when required rather than in response to a strict calendar of activities. The same contract, saw air conditioning, triggered by environmental measures like ambient temperature and relative humidity, being automatically switched on or off as appropriate when rooms were empty. This negated risks like mould growth, condensation and similar. As it was included in the tender price the initiative was affordable, and being a new contract there was no cost of change. Also, competitive tension favoured it. This was because the remote, distributed, disaggregated portfolio being serviced made it a more cost-effective model than the more traditional laborintensive ones proposed by the competition. This initiative may be considered disruptive as it eliminated expensive labourintensive asset maintenance activities that are currently the bedrock of most FM contracts and it leveraged technology to optimise asset performance. Life Cycle Modelling A significant FM challenge is accurate budgeting for life cycle works (asset replacement at the end of design life) e.g. failed boilers, pumps, and air conditioning units. Life cycle modeling typically uses deterministic, linear modelling which is an inaccurate method of predicting asset failure. An Australian university has developed a web enabled life cycle estimating tool that uses probabilistic statistical analytical techniques including Markov Chain, Monte Carlo, and genetic algorithms to calculate degradation curves that model far more accurately asset life. These curves are applied at individual asset level and become more accurate over time as data regarding changing asset condition is periodically uploaded. A sample degradation curve Reasons why this work is digitally disruptive include: • By working with the tertiary education sector, whose core business is innovation, the limitations imposed by constrained R&D budgets has been broken; • A methodology to accurately model asset deterioration has been developed; and, • The ability to accurately model the whole of life costs is now one step closer. Conclusion These two projects send a clear message to the wider FM industry. Service providers that lock themselves into old fashioned models and to methods that are constrained by the limitations of current contracts, do so at their peril. They risk going the same way as other victims of digital disrupters, as more innovative thinkers enter the industry.


Java Dynamic Management Kit 5.0 Tutorial
Defining Relation Types
We define a relation type in the relation service by associating a name for the relation type with a non-empty array of RoleInfo objects. These are the parameters to the service's createRelationType method that we call through the MBean server.
Example 15–3 Defining a Relation Type
try {
 String relTypeName = "myRelationType";
 Object[] params = new Object[2];
 params[0] = relTypeName;
 params[1] = roleInfoArray;
 String[] signature = new String[2];
 signature[0] = "java.lang.String";
 // get the string representing the "RoleInfo[]" object
 signature[1] = (roleInfoArray.getClass()).getName();
 server.invoke( relServObjName, "createRelationType",
 params, signature);
} catch (Exception e) {
 echo("\tCould not create the relation type " + relTypeName);
The relation type name given by the calling process must be unique among all relation type names already created in the relation service. Relations will refer to this name to define their type, and the service will verify that the roles of the relation match the role information in this type.
The relation service provides methods for managing the list of relation types it stores. The removeRelationType removes the type's definition from the relation service and also removes all relation instances of this type. This mechanism is further covered in Maintaining Consistency.
Other methods give the list of all currently defined relation types or the role information associated with a given type. Role information is always obtained through the name of the relation type where it is defined. Here we show the subroutine that our example uses to print out all role and type information.
Example 15–4 Retrieving Relation Types and Role Information
try {
 echo("\n-> Retrieve all relation types");
 Object[] params1 = new Object[0];
 String[] signature1 = new String[0];
 ArrayList relTypeNameList = (ArrayList)
 (server.invoke( relServObjName, "getAllRelationTypeNames",
 params1, signature1));
 for (Iterator relTypeNameIter = relTypeNameList.iterator();
 relTypeNameIter.hasNext(); ) {
 String currRelTypeName = (String)(relTypeNameIter.next());
 echo("\n-> Print role info for relation type " +
 Object[] params2 = new Object[1];
 params2[0] = currRelTypeName;
 String[] signature2 = new String[1];
 signature2[0] = "java.lang.String";
 ArrayList roleInfoList = (ArrayList)
 (server.invoke( relServObjName,"getRoleInfos",
 params2, signature2));
} catch (Exception e) {
 echo("\tCould not browse the relation types");


king yau king yau - 7 months ago 20
C# Question
Why my BMP image is bigger than the original after reducing its width and height?
In my project, i have to resize the image and then save it to a folder. However, i got a problem which some image will be bigger than the orginal's file size.
resize method:
public Image reduce(Image sourceImage, string size)
double percent = Convert.ToDouble(size) / 100;
int width = (int)(sourceImage.Width * percent);
int height = (int)(sourceImage.Height *percent );
var resized = new Bitmap(original, width, height);
return resized;
//the code to get the image is omitted (in my testing, bmp format is fixed, however, other image formats are required)
//to test the size of original image
oImage.Save(Path.Combine(oImagepath), System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Bmp);
Image nImage = resizeClass.reduce(oImage,"95");
nImage.Save(Path.Combine(nImagepath), System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Bmp);
 - The first saving of the image: 1920*1080, fileSize: 6076KB
 - The second saving of the image: 1824*1026, fileSize: 7311KB <= it should be less than 6076KB
The Bit depth of original image is 24 which resized is 32. Is the problem here?
Based on your provided Code, i've made an ExtensionMethod you might want to use:
public static class ImageExtensions {
 public static System.Drawing.Image Reduce(this System.Drawing.Image sourceImage, double size) {
 var percent = size / 100;
 var width = (int)(sourceImage.Width * percent);
 var height = (int)(sourceImage.Height * percent);
 Bitmap targetBmp;
 using (var newBmp = new Bitmap(sourceImage, width, height))
 targetBmp = newBmp.Clone(new Rectangle(0, 0, width, height), sourceImage.PixelFormat);
 return targetBmp;
 var nImage = new Bitmap(@"PathToImage").Reduce(50); //Percentage here
 nImage.Save(@"PathToNewImage", ImageFormat.Jpeg); //Change Compression as you need
Please note, that this is now automaticly determinating, where the new Image has its x = 0 and y = 0. Also i've replaced the string-percentage with a double one.
As others in the comments mentioned, you have to use the same or even lower PixelFormat as the SourceImage. Also, setting the right/best image-extension on the Save-Method reduces the FileSize
Hope this helps


Archive for September 25th, 2014|Daily archive page
In Uncategorized on September 25, 2014 at 12:15 pm
US History
Bell Ringer:
Answer the following question about the WWII propaganda poster:
What did the government hope the audience of this poster would do?
Whole Group
1. WWII Minority Web Ch 11 Sec 2
2. Discuss findings
Small Groups
3. Minority Docs and Analysis sheets
4. Reader's Theater Assign
World History
Bell Ringer:
Complete Ch 3 VOC with terms Phoenicians, alphabet and colony.
1. Work on VOC
2. Phoenician Notes
3. Mind Your C's and Q's "Sugar Love"


On the principle of dependent choices
Andrzej Mostowski
Fundamenta Mathematicae (1948)
 - Volume: 35, Issue: 1, page 127-130
 - ISSN: 0016-2736
How to cite
top
Mostowski, Andrzej. "On the principle of dependent choices." Fundamenta Mathematicae 35.1 (1948): 127-130. <_URL_
@article{Mostowski1948,
author = {Mostowski, Andrzej},
journal = {Fundamenta Mathematicae},
keywords = {Set theory},
language = {eng},
number = {1},
pages = {127-130},
title = {On the principle of dependent choices},
url = {_URL_
volume = {35},
year = {1948},
}
TY - JOUR
AU - Mostowski, Andrzej
TI - On the principle of dependent choices
JO - Fundamenta Mathematicae
PY - 1948
VL - 35
IS - 1
SP - 127
EP - 130
LA - eng
KW - Set theory
UR - _URL_
ER -
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Optimizer estimates
RUNTIMESTATISTICS show the optimizer estimates for a particular node. They show the optimizer's estimated row count and the optimizer's "estimated cost."
The estimated row count is the query optimizer's estimate of the number of qualifying rows for the table or index for the entire life of the query. If the table is the inner table of a join, the estimated row count will be for all the scans of the table, not just for a single scan of the table.
The estimated cost consists of a number, which is a relative number; it does not correspond directly to any time estimate. It is not, for example, the number of milliseconds or rows. Instead, the optimizer constructs this number for each possible access path. It compares the numbers and chooses the access path with the smallest number.
Related concepts
Statistics timing
Statement execution plan
Optimizer overrides
Understanding XPLAIN style database tables


text:
DescriptionMegalania is the largest terrestrial lizard known to have existed. The lack of complete, or nearly complete fossil skeletons has made it difficult to determine the exact dimensions of Megalania, with estimates raging from 7 to 4,5 meters long. Judging from its size, Megalania would have fed mostly upon medium to large sized animals, including any of the giant marsupials like Diprotodon along with other reptiles, small mammals, and birds and their eggs and chicks. It had heavily built limbs and body and a large skull complete with a small crest in between the eyes, and a jaw full of serrated blade-like teeth. (information from Wikipedia.org)
This replica is from a skull from this giant varanus-like lizard.
Don't buy or sell original fossils. Trade replicas, not originals!
Discover Solutions Consulting


text:
College of the Ozarks Hosts Former POW
January 24, 2014 11:51 AM
College of the Ozarks hosted former POW of Vietnam War retired Colonel Lee Ellis for a "teach-in" December 11, 2013, at 7 p.m., in Jones Auditorium.
"In light of the 50th anniversary of the Vietnam War, College of the Ozarks welcomed Colonel Ellis to give our version of what a 'teach-in' should be," said College of the Ozarks President Jerry C. Davis. "During the '60s and '70s many may recall numerous colleges shutting down classes to hold 'teach-ins,' in order to educate students on what some thought about the Vietnam War. At the College, where patriotism is a main goal, it was only fitting that he hold a 'teach-in' of sorts, too. Only the College's 'teach-in' educated students on the service and sacrifices made by American men and women who served in the Vietnam War and returned from honorable service only to be treated, in many cases, dishonorably."
During the 'teach-in' Colonel Ellis shared his experience at the infamous Camp Hanoi Hilton as a POW and the leadership lessons that helped him and his comrades return home with honor.
He served as an Air Force fighter pilot flying 53 combat missions over North Vietnam. In 1967, his jet was shot down and he held as a POW for more than five years at Camp Hanoi Hilton-the same camp in which Senator John McCain was imprisoned.
After the war Colonel Ellis served as an instructor pilot, chief of flight standardization/evaluation, and flying squadron commander. Additionally, he commanded two leadership development organizations before retiring as a Colonel. His combat decorations include two Silver Stars, the Legion of Merit, Bronze Star, Purple Heart, and the POW Medal.
From March 2013-September 2014, College of the Ozarks has and will celebrate and honor Veterans of the Vietnam War to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the conflict. While our Vietnam Veterans did not receive the appreciation and homecoming they deserved during the 1960s-70s, the College has resolved to properly honor and recognize them for their service and sacrifices and to educate the younger generations on the importance of their selfless contributions to our nation. This teach-in is just one of many events the College has planned to honor Vietnam Veterans.


Plus addressing and subdomain addressing
Plus addressing and subdomain addressing are features that allow you to give out variations of your normal email address that still arrive at your account. It's easy to create a rule to automatically filter messages sent to a particular variant, which can be helpful for managing mailing lists and site registrations.
You do not have to configure anything to create these addresses. They work right now, for both your _EMAIL_ address and any aliases you have configured, both on FastMail domains and any personal domains.
Plus addressing
Plus addressing means any email sent to _EMAIL_ is still delivered to your account. The part of the email address between the "+" and the "@" is ignored for determining which account it belongs to. This allows you to create limitless variations on your email address to give out to different people, sites or mailing lists.
If the part after the "+" matches the name of one of your folders (see below for how the matching works), the message will automatically be delivered there instead of your Inbox. You don't even need to create an explicit rule!
For example, suppose you gave someone the address _EMAIL_. Any messages sent to this address will be delivered to _EMAIL_, and if you have a folder called Hiking, will be delivered straight to that folder rather than your Inbox.
The main downside to plus addressing is that addresses with a "+" are considered (incorrectly) to be invalid by some websites, and disallowed on some registration forms. Also, people may find this kind of address hard to remember, because it is quite unusual. Subdomain addressing, described below, overcomes these problems.
Subdomain addressing
Subdomain addressing offers all the advantages of plus addressing with fewer disadvantages. It works the same as plus addressing, but instead of _EMAIL_, you can use an address of the form _EMAIL_. Just like with plus addressing, messages will be automatically filed into folders with a matching name.
Please note, your username cannot include an underscore ("_") or a dot (".") if you wish to use subdomain addressing. Hostnames on the internet cannot have underscores and could be or if both domains exist. You can change your username on the Advanced → Rename/Consolidate screen.
Only one level of subdomain addressing is supported: _EMAIL_ is fine, but _EMAIL_ will not work.
How a folder is matched
Sub-domain and plus addressing use fuzzy folder matching. When a regular folder match fails, folders are compared case-insensitively, with the hyphen ("-"), underscore ("_") and space (" ") characters treated the same. A full stop (".") is used to separate a parent from a subfolder. So if you have a folder "Mailing Lists.My List", then messages sent to _EMAIL_ will get filed into that folder.
If after a match the delivery of the mail should have been to a subfolder but the subfolder does not exist, the mail is delivered to the parent folder, rather than to the Inbox. For example, if you sent a message to _EMAIL_ and you don't have a subfolder "Hiking" under the "Mailing Lists" folder, then the email will go to the "Mailing Lists" folder rather than the Inbox.
If you create a rule that files the message into a folder, this will override the folder matching described above.
Sending email from a plus or subdomain address
To send email using _EMAIL_, create a personality with that email address. Alternatively, create a personality with the email address *_USER_.domain.tld which will let you send email with any text you like replacing the *.


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|NATIONAL PARKS QUICKLINKS|
Backpacker Magazine – October 2008
When a storm comes out of nowhere, learn how to handle the unexpected.
3. Reading the weather
WRONG: Ignore those clouds building on the horizon–the summit is just an hour away!
RIGHT: Watch for thick, dark, anvil-shaped clouds. If bad weather seems to be blowing in, stop and do a "pre-mortem": If a storm obscures visibility, will you be able to find your way back down? Will you be exposed to lightning? Keep track of warning signs, such as dropping temperatures and increased winds, and use them to convince summit-fevered partners to turn back.
How to spot a coming storm
A. Altostratus: These high, gray clouds often cover the entire sky and indicate prolonged rain or snow is on the way.
B. Nimbostratus: These low, thick, gray clouds block most sunlight and usually bring steady, lightto mediumintensity rain or snow.
C. Cumulonimbus: These towering, anvil-shaped clouds can produce lightning, snow, heavy rain, and hail.
4. Deciding to stay or go
WRONG: Strike out blindly into the storm, trying to feel your way to safety in a whiteout–you have to get outta there, no matter what!
RIGHT: "If the weather's so bad that you can't see the trail, you should wait it out," says Brown. Mark your location on your map or GPS, put on extra layers, then find or build shelter.


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The confluence of the St. Lawrence Estuary and the Saguenay River, where the waters of the Great Lakes, the Saguenay basin and the Atlantic Ocean meet, is recognized as an ecologically exceptional region.
The oceanographic conditions that occur at the confluence of the Saguenay encourage the emergence of life and the concentration of species at the bottom of the food chain.
The uneven underwater topography, the estuarine circulation and the regular upwelling of cold water make it a very distinctive region. The upwelling of cold water at the head of the Laurentian channel is the most important oceanographic process of the Marine Park. This phenomenon brings nutrients and zooplankton to the surface and encourages the water's oxygenation. The upwelling of cold water following the rhythm of the tides somewhat acts as the heart and lungs of the Marine Park.
The abundance of food in the Marine Park's ecosystems attracts many species of birds, whales and seals. As well, numerous types of algae, benthic animals and fish have been observed in the Marine Park. Together, these species form a complex food chain supporting the significant biodiversity present in the Marine Park.


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Skip to Main Content
In this paper, a study of optical delay lines based on soliton propagation in coupled resonator optical waveguides is performed. For a given bit rate and required delay, design equations are given that relate the soliton peak power and collision period to the soliton width. To study the influence of higher order linear and nonlinear dispersion, a continuous wave propagation model incorporating these effects is also derived. Using this model, the soliton stability in the presence of higher order dispersion, optical loss and adjacent soliton pulses is numerically verified. It is also shown that soliton-based delay lines can achieve nanosecond delay at a propagation length of a few millimeters due to the high slow down factors that can be obtained.


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CANBERRA, Australia — A newly discovered horse fly in Australia was so "bootylicious" with its golden-haired butt, that entomologists named it: Beyonce.
Previously published results from Bryan Lessard, a 24-year-old researcher at Australia's Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, were recently announced on the species that had been sitting in a fly collection since it was captured in 1981 – the same year pop diva Beyonce was born.
He says he wanted to pay respect to the insect's beauty by naming it Scaptia (Plinthina) beyonceae.
Lessard said Beyonce would be "in the nature history books forever" and that the fly now bearing her name is "pretty bootylicious" with its golden backside.
"Bootylicious" was the title of a song by Beyonce's previous group, Destiny's Child.
It's unknown if the rare species is a bloodsucker like many female horse flies. Lessard says he was unable to find any live specimens when he went looking in 2010 in northeast Queensland's Atherton Tablelands, where it was captured three decades ago. However, at least one member of the public has alerted him that he was recently bitten by what's locally called the "gold bum fly."
The description of the fly was earlier published in the Australian Journal of Entomology, but the results were announced last week.
Lessard says he hasn't heard from Beyonce, who recently gave birth to her first child, but he is a fan and hopes she will take his scientific gesture as a compliment. He also said the name was picked to help draw attention to the importance of his field and the need for more researchers to catalog and study insects.
Horse flies are "vital pollinators of native plants, not just in Australia, but all over the world," Lessard said. "It's extremely important to name all the undescribed species so we can measure our human impact on the environment and hopefully protect it for future generations to enjoy."
Shakira was hoping the fly with the golden butt would be named after her:
The horse fly, of which there are around 4,400 species worldwide, serves as an important pollinator of many plants. He explained: "Horse flies act like hummingbirds during the day, drinking nectar from their favorite varieties of grevillea, tea trees and eucalypts."
However, it's not only the fly's spectacular behind that led to it being named after the Bootylicious star. This particular horse fly was first collected by scientists in the same year that Beyoncé was born – 1981.
"Most Australian Scaptia species have been described, however, these five 'new' species of a sub-group (Plinthina) have been housed in Australian collections since the group was last studied in the 1960s," Lessard said.


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Baha'i shrines chosen as World Heritage sites8 July 2008
QUEBEC CITY — A United Nations committee meeting here has determined that two Baha'i shrines in Israel possess "outstanding universal value" and should be considered as part of the cultural heritage of humanity.
The decision today by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee means that the two most sacred sites for Baha'is - the resting places of the founders of their religion - join a list of internationally recognized sites like the Great Wall of China, the Pyramids, the Taj Mahal, and Stonehenge.
The World Heritage List also includes places of global religious significance like the Vatican, the Old City of Jerusalem, and the remains of the recently destroyed Bamiyan Buddhist statues in Afghanistan.
The Baha'i shrines are the first sites connected with a religious tradition born in modern times to be added to the list, which is maintained by UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
The two shrines, one near the recognized heritage site of Old Acre on Israel's northern coast and the other on Mount Carmel in Haifa, are the resting places of Baha'u'llah and the Bab, the founders of the Baha'i Faith.
Baha'is believe that both Baha'u'llah and the Bab were messengers of God; their resting places are sites of pilgrimage for a religious community of some five million believers. The shrine of Baha'u'llah is the focal point of prayer for Baha'is all over the world, giving it an importance comparable to the Western Wall in Jerusalem for Jews and the Kaaba in Mecca for Muslims.
Born in Iran, Baha'u'llah was banished to Acre in what was then the Ottoman Empire, where he died in 1892. The Bab was executed in Iran in 1850, and His remains were later moved to Haifa for burial.
The two shrines are noteworthy for the formal gardens that surround them, blending design elements from many cultures. In addition to Baha'i pilgrims, they attract hundreds of thousands of visitors and tourists every year.
"We welcome the UNESCO recognition, which highlights the importance of the holy places of a religion that in 150 years has gone from a small group found only in the Middle East to a worldwide community with followers in virtually every country," said Albert Lincoln, secretary-general of the Baha'i International Community.
"The Baha'i community is particularly grateful to the government of Israel for putting forward this nomination," he said.
The World Heritage List was established by UNESCO in 1972 to identify, protect, and preserve places of "cultural and natural heritage of outstanding universal value." So far, 184 nations have signed the World Heritage Convention, which defines the general standards of selection for the list, and more than 850 sites have been recognized, including natural areas, such as East Africa's Serengeti and Australia's Great Barrier Reef.
The World Heritage Committee is composed of 21 states that are signatories of the World Heritage Convention. It meets annually in the home country of its chairperson. This year's chair is Dr. Christina Cameron of Canada, and the gathering in Quebec, which is itself a world heritage site, corresponds with that city's 400th anniversary celebrations.


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A primary caregiver is a person responsible for the care of another person or child as defined by the law. In custody agreements or orders, the primary caregiver is the person the child lives with majority of the time.Continue Reading
The primary caregiver is the person who assumes responsibility for the health, safety and housing of another adult or child. For example, when an elderly person is incapacitated due to illness, a primary caregiver provides assistance with feeding, bathing and changing and may even handle finances when mental deficiencies exist. In some cases, the primary caregiver is also designated as power of attorney for the individual. When people reside in nursing homes or rehabilitation centers, the medical staff serve as the primary caregivers.
When illness strikes, primary caregivers often perform medical and therapeutic tasks for patients and operate as personal advocates and home-based care coordinators. In many cases, family members often serve as the primary caregiver offering both physical and moral support for ailing individuals.
In custody agreements, a parent labeled as the primary caregiver does not receive any extra authority or decision-making power than the other parent beyond day-to-day activities and decisions. However, the child or children live with the primary caregiver majority of the time and use the residence as a permanent address.Learn more about Career Aspirations


"who should access what resource." This authority can also be delegated to a different reviewer if the first reviewer is unable to answer that question.
OIM provides a fairly simple way of managing attestation by embedding it into the provisioning process framework. In other words, you can wrap any resource with the need for attestation.
Following are the typical steps you need to take to set up an attestation policy that can govern by user type (such as organizations, roles, and so on) and by the resources that require this form of periodic re-authorization:
1. Go the attestation policy manager. In the OIM administrative console, navigate to the Attestation section.
2. Create a new attestation process. Typically it makes good sense to create attestation processes by resource and/or organization.
3. Specify the scope of users for attestation. This lets you partition how you attest different types of users. For instance, the accounting department attestation process could be approved by the user's supervisor, whereas the sales department attestation could be attested by the sales region's vice president.
4. Specify the scope of applications/resources for attestation. This lets you partition your attestation process by different resources. It often makes sense to use the Resource Audit Objective (which is an attribute associated with a resource) to define your attestation process since different audit objectives require different types of attestations.
5. Specify additional attestation process details. Define additional details such as frequency of the attestations, the process owner, and the grace period for completing the process. Keep in mind that a significant delegation of attestations can occur in large organizations, so the grace period should factor that in.
Figure 9-11 shows how a completed attestation process could look.

FIGURE 9-11 Managing an attestation policy in OIM
Access Reporting
In addition to attestation, another common requirement is to provide compliance and security officers a single consolidated view of who has access to what resources and applications in the enterprise. In other words, officers are looking for a reporting solution around users and their access.
One of the benefits of using a centralized hub-and-spoke architecture (see Chapter 8 for details about this type of architecture) as implemented by a product like OIM is the ability to centralize the identity data into a single repository, which allows you to run reports on top of that data. Access reporting is a key feature of OIM, especially when you need to report on applications that fall under the compliance requirements of SOX and other legislative mandates. Since every new user and modification to existing users is processed through OIM, you can use OIM's reporting infrastructure as a fairly reliable source for asking the question "who has access to what" and, occasionally, "who had access to what."
Through the web administrative console, OIM offers two types of reporting functionality: operational and historical. Operational reporting gives the user a snapshot of the current users' access. Historical reporting provides an additional time dimension so that you can view a snapshot in history. A good example that may be driven by SOX requirements is the need to see who had access to the financials application during a certain time period (such as during a corporate quiet period of June 1–30 in 2008). Both types of reports are critical both for compliance and for assuring auditors that the information was under authorized access at all times.
To run either operational or historical reports, navigate to the Reporting section of the OIM administrative UI and click the appropriate report and query with the desired parameters. Figure 9-12 shows a sample report on access to the Financial Accounting application in my environment.
Notice that in Figure 9-12, you can modify parameters to customize your report. You can also export to text-based formats that can be imported into tools such as MS Excel, allowing you to share these reports via e-mail to other parties, such as corporate auditors.

FIGURE 9-12 Access reporting shows who has access to what and who had access to what.
Download the chapter " Oracle Identity Manager " in PDF form.
This was last published in April 2010
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© Courtesy of Sam Spiro - Fotolia.com
In January, Vancouver experiences the coldest weather of the year. High temperatures average at 43°F (6°C) while the low temperature averages hover at 34°F (1°C).
Vancouver Weather in February: The climate gets just a tad bit warmer in February with the average high temperature increasing to 46°F (8°C). The average low temperature also increases by a few degrees to 36°F (2°C).
March continues with the upward trend of temperatures. High temperatures rise to 50°F (10°C) and the low temperatures increase a single degree to 37°F (3°C). The precipitation averages are relatively high at 110mm.
In April, the average high temperature and the average low temperatures range between 54°F (12°C) and 41°F (5°C).
May sees a decrease in precipitation rates with about 70mm of rain. The high temperature averages get a big increase to 61°F (16°C) along with the low temperature average, which rises to 48°F (9°C).
Vancouver Weather in June: The average high temperature reaches 66°F (19°C) in June while the average low temperature peaks at 52°F (11°C).
In July, Vancouver experiences its driest month annually with a precipitation rate of 40mm. It also receives the highest daily average of sunshine at 13 hours. High temperature averages and low temperature averages continue to rise to 70°F (21°C and 55°F (13°C) respectively.
August is the hottest month of the year in Vancouver with the average high temperature peaking at 72°F (22°C). The average low temperature rises to 57°F ( 14°C), which is the exact same measurement for Vancouver's sea temperature.
Vancouver Weather in September: Things start to cool back down in September with the high temperature decreasing to 64°F (18°C). The low temperature average also sees a decrease measuring in at 52°F (11°C).
October sees the average high temperature dropping by nearly 10 degrees to 55°F (13°C). Low temperature averages also decrease to 45°F (7°C).
In November, Vancouver experiences the wettest month of the year with an average precipitation rate of 200mm. The high and low temperatures are 46°F (8°C) and 37°F (3°C) respectively.
December has the lowest daily average of sunshine with just 4 hours per day. The average high temperature goes down to 43°F (6°C) while the average low temperature decreases to 34°F (1°C).
March to May has the most enjoyable weather of the year as the spring climate is temperature. For the best of spring foliage, it's ideal to visit Vancouver in April. Summer is the most popular time to visit Vancouver thanks to the warm weather and a milieu of outdoor activities just waiting to be enjoyed. Easy hiking and trekking is also great during this time. Winter sport lovers will have a fantastic time challenging the slopes near Whistler or Grouse Mountain in January. For the best winter festivals, come in January or February to catch the Festival of Lights, the Polar Bear Swim and the PuSh International Performing Arts Festival among others.
More quick trip ideas: Romantic Weekend Getaways in Ohio, Romantic Weekend Getaways in California, Best East Coast beaches


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Difference Between Gravity Filtration and Vacuum Filtration | USA Lab
Difference Between Gravity Filtration and Vacuum Filtration | USA Lab
Posted by USA Lab Equipment on Nov 19th 2021
If you work in any kind of lab space, you probably already know about the solvent filtration process. If you run a small lab or if you're a student, you may not have had the chance to operate multiple types of filtration systems yet, though. Keep reading to discover the difference between gravity filtration and vacuum filtration along with the benefits of each for your experiments.
Vacuum Filtration Process
As the name implies, vacuum filtration utilizes the power of a vacuum source. Vacuum filtration most commonly uses a Buchner funnel and flask as well as some specialty filter paper. You also need thick-walled tubing to connect your Buchner filter and vacuum source. If you wish to collect a solid material through the filtration process, vacuum filtration is a fast and effective method. However, don't use vacuum filtration if you want to collect a liquid material afterward. Any solvent tends to boil off during the reduced-pressure process.
Gravity Filtration Process
Gravity filtration relies on gravity to do most of its work. This process involves setting up a funnel and paper filter on top of a flask. Gravity filtration is vital for separating a liquid from a solid when you want to preserve the liquid material. When decanting isn't an option, gravity filtration is the go-to method. Gravity filtration is a slower process, but lab technicians still rely on it to this day for experiments.
The Differences Between Filtration Methods
The main difference between vacuum and gravity filtration is their timeliness and how they operate. One method uses a vacuum source to power the filtration while the other uses gravity. This results in vacuum filtration being faster and more convenient. Still, it doesn't fit every experiment. Gravity filtration is the gentler of the two methods, and it can preserve both solid and liquid parts from a mixture. Each filtration method has its benefits and drawbacks.
As a lab technician, it's pivotal to understand the differences between vacuum and gravity filtration to know which method to use for your tasks. If you need to stock up for either filtration system, check out USA Lab Equipment for everything you need.


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Public Drinking Water Systems
The Drinking Water Program (DWP) regulates public water systems; oversees water recycling projects; permits water treatment devices; certifies drinking water treatment and distribution operators; supports and promotes water system security; provides support for small water systems and for improving technical, managerial, and financial (TMF) capacity; provides funding opportunities for water system improvements. For more about DWP activities, click on a link below. Private domestic wells are not regulated by DWP; the State Water Resources Control Board has information pertinent to private domestic well water quality. For other CDPH water-related topics, click here.
DWP is within the Division of Drinking Water and Environmental Management.


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Now showing items 1-2 of 2
Introduction of novel kinetic approach to calculation of activation energy and its application to the sinter-crystallization of strontian feldspar
The kinetics, the mechanism and the thermodynamics of activated state of formation of primary strontian feldspar via sinter-crystallization of non-equilibrium melt during the thermal treatment of ceramic body was investigated ...
The formation of feldspar strontian (SrAl2Si2O8) via ceramic route: Reaction mechanism, kinetics and thermodynamics of the process
The reaction mechanism, the equilibrium composition, the temperature range of stability of formed intermediates as well as the kinetics and thermodynamics of activated state during the formation of monoclinic strontium-a ...


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SOFTSHAPER – the professional software tailored to the needs of industrial printing machines in FDM technology, also compatible with low-budget 3D printers, has just presented the latest release of its essential functions.
As the creators assure, it is worth to consider exchanging the existing software to a software well suited to high technological and material requirements in thermoplastic printing technology.
SOFTSHAPER was one of the first to offer an Innovative Layer Modification Solution – Individual modification of individual or groups of layers to assign a separate print technology.
Example of grouping layers for a set of models.
Automatic selection of groups due to the size of the geometry.
Most applications that control the printing process modify the infill parameters, supports or contours […]


text: Airborne Wind Energy (AWE) refers to systems capable of harvesting energy from wind by flying crosswind patterns with a tethered aircraft. Accurate models are crucial for tuning and validation of flight controllers. Due to the non-conventional structure of the airborne component, an intensive flight test campaign must be set where maneuvers are performed for parameter estimation purposes. In this paper, we optimize maneuvers for the longitudinal dynamics of a rigid wing AWE pumping system by solving a model-based experimental design problem that aims to obtain more accurate parameter estimates and reduce the flight test time. We consider a trim reference condition of the aircraft and constraints are enforced in order to prevent flight envelope violation. Finally, the optimal solution is implemented in the Flight Control Computer (FCC) of the prototype developed by Ampyx Power B.V. and validated under realistic flight conditions.


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Say What You Mean
Lesson created by Heidi Alexandra Pollard using
Video from TED-Ed YouTube Channel
Long, fancy words designed to show off your intelligence and vocabulary are all very well, but they aren't always the best words. In this short, playful video Terin Izil explains why simple, punchy language is often the clearest way to convey a message. At Leading Value we believe in the power of words - clear, plain words. Say what you mean and mean what you say!
Words pour out of our mouths each day as our thoughts, opinions, and beliefs are freely expressed. Words have tremendous power - speak kind words only


Translating Verbal Expressions
The language of math is used all around us, everyday. Verbal phrases can be translated into mathematical expressions. For example, you can write an expression to represent how much a realtor will earn at a 5% commission on a house that costs x dollars as:.05x. For this discussion, create a verbal phrase to describe a real-world scenario and translate it into a mathematical expression.
Essay Hope


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Nathan Johnson, Director of Public Lands, September 23, 2022
We can no longer ignore the fundamental role that fungal networks play in connecting and sustaining our public lands.
The importance of the "Wood-Wide-Web"—known as mycorrhizal (my-cor-RHY-zuhl) networks—for forest health and carbon storage is one of the major reasons why the OEC is currently litigating Ohio Environmental Council v. United States Forest Service in federal district court.
This case challenges the "Sunny Oaks" timber project, which authorizes nearly 2,500 acres of clearcutting and similar forms of logging in the Wayne National Forest in Southeast Ohio.
The Sunny Oaks project developed from 2017 through 2020, a time when the Trump Administration dramatically increased timber sale quotas in many national forests, including the Wayne. The OEC's litigation touches on the role of timber quotas in national forest management as well as the decline and fate of the critically important American white oak.
And, we believe this lawsuit is the first in the nation to focus closely on forest fungal networks.
All trees and certain types of fungi connect at the roots to form partnerships called mycorrhizas. These mycorrhizal relationships are the rule, not an exception. In fact, plants and fungi have been partnering for millions of years—since before the evolution of roots. The small and profuse strands of mycorrhizal fungi have 60 times more absorptive area than fine roots. As a result, mycorrhizal fungi dramatically enhance their host trees' ability to take up water and nutrients. These fungi also connect trees to one another in mycorrhizal networks that can span many acres. Amazingly, trees connected by these networks can share nutrients, carbon, water, biochemical information, and even electrical signals.
Part of the trouble with the Sunny Oaks project is that science shows that fungal networks are highly sensitive to heavy timbering. Fungal network diversity, structure, and function can take 80 or more years to recover following clearcut logging—and may never fully recover. The outlook for fungal network recovery in oak-dominated forests like Sunny Oaks is even more problematic because oak-affiliated fungal networks are especially sensitive to heavy timbering. Clearcutting oak forests in the Wayne may not just eliminate the mature oak trees now present, it may also destroy the soil's suitability for future oak ecosystem success. Heavy timbering threatens to destroy many of the fungal networks that connect, sustain, and protect the Wayne.
Yet throughout Sunny Oaks' development, the Forest Service declined to acknowledge or evaluate the ecological importance of fungal networks or the harm heavy timbering causes them. This "failure to look" is one of the live legal issues in this litigation: environmental law requires federal agencies to disclose and analyze the significant impacts their projects may have on the environment. If destroying the living networks that connect, protect, and sustain forests is not a significant impact requiring agency analysis, then what is?
We will keep you updated on the status of Ohio Environmental Council v. United States Forest Service as this litigation continues.


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Horsenettle Solanum carolinense
IDENTIFICATION – If you try to pull this perennial, you'll quickly discover its prickly stems and leaves. Horsenettle often grows in colonies because it spreads by underground rhizomes. Older plants can grow to be 4 ft. tall on tough, woody stems.The star-shaped flowers are white or light-blue with five petals. Later, juicy, orange berries form, then eventually dry to look like small, wrinkled nuts.
FAVORITE CONDITIONS – This weed grows in almost any soil and is tolerant of sun or part shade. Since it's a perennial, you won't usually find it as a mature plant in frequently cultivated areas, such as vegetable gardens. But it thrives and spreads in places where you don't disturb its root system, for example in shrub borders or perennial beds. Remove horsenettle plants near vegetable gardens. It often attracts insects, such as flea beetles, that also chew on the leaves of tomatoes, potatoes and eggplant. That's why horsenettle foliage is often riddled with tiny holes. In addition, several destructive viruses that affect vegetable crops overwinter in horsenettle roots and infect new crops each year.
CONTROL – You can dig out this prickly weed. But if you break off or miss any part of the root, horsenettle will be back. Dig it up while the plant is young before it sets seed and before the roots have spread. It'll take you several years of diligent digging to eradicate it from your garden. Glyphosate herbicides will also kill horsenettle if you spray in late spring or summer while the weed is actively growing.


How Does Pregnancy Affect Your Dreams?
Updated January 20, 2021
When you are expecting, you experience many new things, and there are a lot of new changes physically as well as mentally. Among these changes, there are several hormonal changes that can affect other aspects that you might not have considered.
One such change is how pregnancy can affect your dreamscapes. Many women discover that when they are pregnant their dreams change. These changes can be different depending on the individual however mostly dreams become more vivid or intense and there can even be an increase in nightmares. There are many reasons why these changes in dreams occur during pregnancy.
Changes to dreams during pregnancy can include:
 - Vivid images
 - Anxiety based scapes
 - Remembering what your dreamed more frequently
 - Experiencing more intense scapes
 - Dreaming more frequently
 - Increased nightmares
Let's look at some of these changes in more detail.
Vivid dreaming
pregnant female sleeping on her side
Dreaming is a normal part of everyday life apart from being pregnant so many people have vivid dreams normally as well. However, the frequency or intensity of these vivid dreams can increase during pregnancy. These vivid dreams are generally clearer, more emotionally intense and can be difficult to differentiate from reality. These dreams can feel like the events occurring in them are actually happening.
Although these vivid dreams can happen to anyone, it seems that pregnancy can stimulate more of these types of dreams. This is in comparison to fuzzy dreams that you cannot put together or barely remember, these dreamscapes feel like reality. You might way up and need a moment to distinguish them from reality.
Overall more frequently dreaming
Many pregnant women claim that while pregnant they tend to dream more frequently. Although, there is no scientific reason to claim why they may dream more frequently. But it is possible that they may be having more dreams within the 8-hour sleep cycle, or the increase in dreams could also be due to sleeping or napping for more hours during the day. This is due to the fact that pregnancy causes fatigue, resulting in more sleep and the more you sleep, the more likely you are to have dreams.
Anxiety based dreamscapes
It's no surprise that while you might be excited about the arrival of your baby, you may also be slightly apprehensive and nervous. Pregnancy dreams can be one of the biggest gateways and manifestations of your emotions and thoughts.
These dreamscapes can provide some insight regarding your fears and anxieties. This can include worries about managing the newborn with other children, financial issues, working with a newborn and many others. You may also be anxious regarding the delivery and labour process.
When you have a lot going on and it is on your mind for a while, these thoughts can then manifest themselves as your dreams.
Remembering them more frequently
During pregnancy, it often becomes easier to recall your vivid dreams. Prior to being pregnant maybe you did not recall your dreams often or maybe you even though you didn't dream at all. However, the experience during pregnancy can be immensely different due to enhanced recollection of your dreams.
Increased nightmares during pregnancy
Why do people dream of scary things? Similar to having anxiety-based dreams and excitement, nightmares are based on emotion and can increase during pregnancy. These pregnancy nightmares are quite common and studies show that they are linked to your emotions.
These can occur due to your fear or anxiety that something might happen to the baby or could be regarding the labor and delivery of your baby.
The nightmares can be in many different forms. You might dream of losing your baby, of a miscarriage or of dropping the baby, and many other scenarios. Although these types of dreams are normal they can be quite distressing.
What are the possible causes of changes to dreamscapes during pregnancy?
pregnant female sleeping on her side
Changes to dreams during pregnancy have many different possible reasons. However, the most likely reason is due to hormonal changes that occur when you are pregnant. The fluctuation of hormones that occurs when you are expecting can have a great impact on your body.
It is due to these hormonal changes that women experience mood swings during pregnancy as well. So if you experience mood swings such as being upset over small things and then forgetting about it, you would not be the first pregnant person to go through that.
As these hormonal changes can make your emotions more intense they can have a similar effect on your dreadreamscapes ms as well.
In addition to this the hormonal instability during pregnancy can also cause increased fatigue which means that you are more likely to sleep more often and therefore dream more often as well.
Based on scientific research vivid dreaming is one of the ways in which you store your memories. In addition to this dreams can also function as a form of therapy according to the National Sleep Foundation.
So dreams can actually help you understand and process better as well as your emotions. In relation to pregnancy which is a very emotional experience, this can result in increased dreams as well as better recall of those dreams.
Tackling unpleasant pregnancy nightmares
Dreams during pregnancy can be used as a method of dealing with any stress of anxiety you might have. As a fact many women who have nightmares while pregnant about labour, generally tend to have easier and shorter deliveries.
However, these nightmares and bad dreams can still be unpleasant especially if they are quite vivid and hard to forget. You try and reduce the frequency of these by consulting your doctor about any questions or concerns you have regarding pregnancy, labour, or motherhood. As well you can try and talk to anyone you might feel comfortable to reduce your fears or relax yourself.
You might want to read: Best Pregnancy Pillows
Changes during pregnancy to your dreams are very common and can cause you to have more vivid, intense dreamscapes as well as nightmares. These changes are caused by hormonal fluctuations and can be based on your emotions. We hope this information was able to help you understand the changes to your dreams better.


Collection Theme
Luke Swank
Luke Swank, who is regarded as one of the major American photographers of the 20th century, only became interested in photography when he was 40 years old.
Self-taught, Swank made images from the mid-1920s through his early death in 1944. His photographs reveal a unique appreciation for bold composition, geometric elements, and creative use of intense highlight and shadow while simultaneously capturing familiar people and daily scenes from the steel industry, the visiting circus, and more. Beginning in 1935, he was the official photographer for the University of Pittsburgh. In his lifetime, his five-part mural "Steel Plant" was included in Murals by American Painters and Photographers at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, the first exhibition at that institution to include photography. Also in New York, he joined the ranks of Salvador Dalí, Man Ray, Henri-Cartier Bresson, Walker Evans, and others who were championed by the influential Julien Levy Gallery. Little known at the time of his death, his work has since been recognized through recent scholarship, which led to a major exhibition at Carnegie Museum of Art in 2005, Luke Swank: Modernist Photographer. Carnegie Museum of Art ownsover 300 works by this signature American artist.


^Import Layered Photoshop Files into GoLive to Build Dhtml Code
When you import sliced Photoshop files into GoLive using the technique described in the previous tip, the file is placed as if it were a flattened Photoshop file. In other words, the individual layers in Photoshop are ignored. Suppose you wanted to import the text and graphic behind it separately, so they could each be moved independently on the web page in GoLive. To achieve this, you can actually import the layered Photoshop file right into GoLive.
While GoLive typically uses HTML table tags to organize slices from Photoshop files, layered Photoshop files are handled differently. Instead of static HTML table tags, GoLive uses Dynamic HTML (DHTML) to lay out the individual elements, which are called floating boxes in GoLive. The benefit of using DHTML is that each element's movements can be dynamically scripted on the page. For example, you could script a section of the page to disappear when a user clicks a certain button.
The drawback in using DHTML to lay out a page is that it's not fully supported by all the browsers your site's visitors may be using. For more information on DHTML and the browsers that support it, visit hotwired.lycos.com/webmonkey/authoring/dynamic_html/ or _URL_
TRY IT
To import a layered Photoshop file into GoLive to build DHTML code, open the page to which you want to add the file in GoLive. Or choose File I New Page to create a new page layout. Choose File I Import I Photoshop Layers To Floating Boxes. Select the layered Photoshop file you want to import and then specify the folder where GoLive should save the optimized files.
Next, GoLive opens the Save For Web dialog box to give you a chance to specify optimization settings for each layer in the image, starting with the lowest layer (usually the Background layer).
Make changes to the optimization settings as needed and then click Save. Repeat these steps until all the layers of your file have been optimized and are displayed in GoLive. If you don't want to import one of the layers in your file, click Cancel in the Save For Web dialog box when you see that layer appear. Only that layer will be cancelled, and you can continue optimizing the rest of the layers in the file.
To quickly optimize all remaining layers in a file with the same (current) optimization settings, hold down the CTRL key while clicking Save. Likewise, to cancel the optimization of all remaining layers (instead of just the current one), CTRL-click the Cancel button.
Photoshop Secrets
Photoshop Secrets
Are You Frustrated Because Your Graphics Are Not Looking Professional? Have You Been Slaving Over Your Projects, But Find Yourself Not Getting What You Want From Your Generic Graphic Software? Well, youre about to learn some of the secrets and tips to enhance your images, photos and other projects that you are trying to create and make look professional.
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text:
Place of Origin:
|PWQT-GT New Underground Water Detector
|Place of Origin
|PQWT-GT Series Under Ground Water Detector
|Underground Water Detection
|Borehole drilling, Mineral detection, Geological survey
|Rechargeable Lithium Battery
|10.1 inch HD Touch LCD
|Max. number of Channels
How to operate the water detection machine? and what is the principle?
The basic principle is the natural electric field frequency selection method. The earth is a large electric field, collecting underground electric potentials at different points (which can be understood as resistance), the aquifer is low electric resistance, the rock layer resistance is centered, and the hard rock or karst hole resistance is high. Different acquisition values are plotted as profiles to find fractured or faulted water-bearing structures.
Send your inquiry directly to us


text:
High quality cassava flour
During the cassava flour processing line, we can choose unfermented or not. High quality cassava flour is simple unfermented cassava flour. The desire to reduce dependence on importation and conservation of foreign exchange has increased the Federal Government's drive to source for local alternatives to partially or fully substitute imported goods. Wheat flour substitution becomes utmost priority especially with the price of wheat in the international market is becoming unbearable.
High quality cassava flour processing
The basic unit operations in cassava flour production from fresh cassava roots are:
Sorting and Cleaning: The tubers are sorted to select the wholesome roots for production. and then cleaning.
Peeling: The weighed cassava roots are peeled manually to reduce high peeling loss associated with mechanical peelers due to irregular shape of cassava root.
Washing: Peeled root is washed with sufficient quantity of potable water to remove sand, dirt and other contaminants.
Grating: The root is milled to cassava mash.
Detoxification: The cassava mash is detoxified mechanically in a mash agitator for a period of time to eliminate the toxic hydrogen cyanide present in cassava.
Dewatering: The moisture content of the mash is reduced mechanically to about 50% to prepare for drying operation.
Granulation: The resultant cake from dewatering process is disintegrated into fine granules using hammer mill.
Drying: Granulation process is followed by drying operation to produce cassava flour of desired quality.
Milling: The flour obtained is milled to desired particle size.
Sieving and Packaging: The flour is sieved and packaged appropriately.
High quality cassava flour crushing
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- Cassava chips processing machine shipped to Nigeria
- Factors affecting the price of cassava processing equipment
- How to starct cassava production and processing business in Nigeria ?
- DOING cassava starch production line successfully delivered to Nigeria
- Cassava peeling machine shipped to Nigeria
- What are the advantages of automatic starch production line ?
- Garri processing machines and their prices
- New cassava slicer machine are ready to ship to Nigeria
- How profitable is garri processing business in nigeria ?
- Factors affecting the price of garri processing machine
- What is high quality cassava flour, how to produce high quality cassava flour ？
- How to process cassava into cassava chips ?
- Cassava starch manufacturing process
- How to maintain cassava starch processing equipment ?
- How to extract cassava starch ？
- How to make cassasva starch?
- Water, electricity, steam and land deploy in starch processing plant
- How profitable is cassava starch made?
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text:
Saturday, February 19, 2011
Foto Seksi Miyabi
Foto Seksi Miyabi Scientists have found an idea to cope with hearing loss using stem cells from the nose. How do I? Australian Scientists say that taking stem cells from the nose and transplanting it into the ear may help overcome problems of existing hearing loss since childhood. These findings were published Thursday in the journal Stem Cells. This research was initially conducted on mice, but researchers believe that these findings can also be applied to humans as well. The trick is to inject stem cells taken from nasal mucosa into the cochlea in the inner ear organ of hearing impaired mice.


Mouth organ
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Mouth organ (disambiguation).
A mouth organ is a generic term for free reed aerophone with one or more air chambers fitted with a free reed. [1] Though it spans many traditions, it is played universally the same way by the musician placing their lips over a chamber or holes in the instrument, and blowing or sucking air to create a sound.[2] Many of the chambers can be played together or each individually.
The mouth organ can be found all around the world and is known by many different names and seen in many different traditions. The most notable variations include the harmonica, the pan flute, and Asian free reed wind instruments consisting of a number of bamboo pipes of varying lengths fixed into a wind chest; these include the sheng, khaen, lusheng, yu, Shō, and saenghwang. The melodica, consisting of a single tube that is essentially blown through a keyboard, is another variation.
 1. ^ Miller, Terry. "Mouth Organ". Grove Music Online. Retrieved 26 Sep 2011.
 2. ^ Benyon, Ivor. = "Harmonica (i) Mouth Organ" Check |url= scheme (help). Grove Music Online. Retrieved 26 Sep 2011.


text:
Lesson 8 (pusaq ñiqin yachay)
As we grew up, more and more complex became the language we used.
Till now in this course very little complex sentences have been used.
But also in Quecha complex sentences may be built.
In this lesson I will cover the construction: if (when) ………then,
..... in different forms.
In Quechua the basic construction depends on the following traits:
- the subjects of both parts of the complex
cause-effect relation, or concurrence in time.
The primary forms are –pti, -spa and –stin.
I. -pti is used when the subject is
different and there is a cause-effect relation. If (when) you want, I
will come back here: munaptiyki, kutimusaq. Kuti-y is
to come back and –mu gives the meaning "to here". The form –pti
is always used with a personal suffix. Kuti-mu-pti-nku ri-saq,
means: I will go when they come back here. The form with –pti
comes first in the sentence. So, there is the condition up front and the
consequence or effect of the condition behind. I earlier used as a
model sentence: utkayta rimaptiyki, mana hapiyta yachanichu,
means: When you speak fast, I cannot understand. So –pti can
also be understood as an –ing form: you "speaking" fast, et cetera.
Another example: rimaptiyku runasimita, Cuscopi runakuna
kusikunku, people in Cusco are glad when we speak Quechua, (litt.
Speak-ing-we(excl), Cusco-in men glad-self-they).
Waqa-sa-pti-n llaki-ku-rqa-ni, I became sad, when she/he was
weeping. Waqa-y means to weep and waqe is a tear. Llaki-ku-y
means to be sad. –ku, meaning self, making the verb
Wañu-pti-y, pitaq waqanqa? Who will weep when I die? Wañu-y
is to die and waqa-y is to weep. (So litt. die-ing-I, who weep-future form-he?)
II. -spa is used when the subject of both
sentences is the same. Because of that a personal suffix is optional.
One of the sentences already indicates the subject. Rimaspa(y)
runasimita kusikuni: I am glad when I speak Quechua. Or: Runasimita
yachaspa(yki), imatataq ruwanki?, what will you do (for a living)
when you know Quechua? Note that ruwanki is the present tense,
but also the future tense.
III. -stin expresses the concurrence in
time of the actions in both sentences expressed, without any
cause-effect relation. For instance: puristin takisani, I am
walking while singing. With –stin no personal suffix is used. Because
of the simultaneousness, the infix –sa, the ing form, is often used. Waqastin
mikusarqaniku, while weeping we were eating.
IV. Of these forms also exist a more complex form
explicitly expressing a condition for the cause-effect relation: In case
you want, I will do (it): qam munapti-yki-qa, ruwasaq. -qa,
giving the meaning of the condition. Runasimita yachakusqa
tukuspaqa, imatataq ruwasaq, What will I do, when I have learned
Quechua? Tuku-y means to have ended, so when something is done.
(lit. Quechua learned done-ing, what-and do-will-I).
V. Combined with –m or –mi, the
form gets the meaning of because: ni-pti-n-mi, ruwasaq, because
he/she said (it), I will do it. Ni-y is to say. Or: Ni-spa-m
ruwa-nqa, because he says so, he will do it. Ni-pti-n-mi
mana-chu ruwa-nki-man?, would you not do it, because he says (it)?
(lit. say-ing form-he, not (rhetorical) do-you-would?
VI. Combined with –pas, the form gets the
meaning of although: ni-pti-y-pas, mana ruwa-nki-chu, although I
say (it), you will not do (it), or ni-spa-pas, ruwa-nqa,
although he says it, he will do it.
There are some other forms to build complex sentences:
VII. The form –na-personal suffix-kama has the same meaning as –stin, so at the same time. Taki-ku-saq
sama-na-n-kama I will sing while he is resting.
VII. This form can also mean: until. Taki-ku-sa-n-kama
tia-ku-saq, means: until he sings, I will sit here.
VIII. The form –na-personal suffix-rayku
means to express the purpose. This is expressed with verbs that have
motion incorporated in itself: ashka yacha-ku-na-n-rayku Lima-ta
ri-rqa, to learn much, he went to Lima.
Hamu-ra-ni willa-wa-na-yki-rayku: I have come so you can
inform me. Willay is to inform –wa to me, lit:
come-did-I inform-to me-(na=untranslatable)you-because.
IX. With other verbs the form to express the purpose
is: –na-persnal suffix-paq.
Rima-sa-nku taki-na-nku-paq: they are talking (about) what
they will sing.
Taki-sa-ni kawsa-na-y-paq: I sing to live. (I sing so I have
a living). I am a singer.
Yacha-ku-sa-ni rima-na-y-paq runa-simi-ta: I am studying so
(with the purpose) I will be able to speak Quechua.
Llamkasani yachanaykipaq runasimita: I am working so that
you can learn Quechua.
Mana llamkasanichu samanaykipaq punchawnintin: I do not work
so you can be lazy (to rest) all day long.
Asisani kusikunaykipaq: I am laughing so that you will be
With these forms one can build most complex sentences.
Ending (simikuna tukunaypaq)
This is my version of a simplified course in Quechua. I stated before
that this course is by no means complete, but with the accompanying
exercises, I believe that in one month and one hour a day, you should
get on your feet in this language. Thereafter it is up to you to either
take classes or buy some books.
This course will be updated and improved in time. So you might visit
my site again to see where improvements are made.
To end I will give a list of some useful books, along with my
Introduction to Quechua, Language of the Andes, by
Judith Noble and Jaime Lacasa; Passport Books, Lincolnwood (Illinois),
Comment: This is the first book that I got to learn Quechua. The section on grammar is insufficient, but the model
sentences are, when learned by heart, for a beginner a great help. I recorded this book
into my iPod to listen to it whenever I could and wherever I was. The
book comes with 1 cassette that is useful for proper pronunciation. My
critique afterwards is that it contains much "spanquech". It mixes
Spanish and Quechua in a way that is not always helpful for learning the
language proper. (The book is written in 5-vowel)
Quechua, manual de enseñanza, Clodoaldo Soto Ruiz,
3era ed. Lima IEP, 2006. (Lengua y Sociedad 4).
Comment: The book is in Spanish and comes with 2 MP3 discs of in
total about 10 hours of spoken texts and exercises. The grammar is
presented rather casual. The book is mainly practical. My critique is
also that the spoken texts and exercises are spoken too fast for a
beginner. The rather poor sound quality does not help either. The big advantage of this book are its endless exercises, boring in the beginning, very rewarding in the end! (The book is written in 3-vowel)
PS: the problem of the CD's that the language is spoken to fast can be cured by downloading from the internet an audiobook maker program. with such a program one may listen to the exercises (on the same pitch) but they are played slower.
Rimaykullayki. Unterrichtsmaterialien zum Quechua Ayacuchano,
Sabine Dedenback-Salazar Sáenz. Utta von Gleich, Roswith Hartmann,
Peter Masson, Clodoaldo Soto Ruiz, Dietrich Reimer Verlag Berlin, 4e
Comment


text:
CMC Talks Trash
Recently there has been growing concern within the CMC community about how trashy our school is becoming. This Wednesday, students will express their discontent by getting down and dirty on the Appleby lawn. Do I have your attention? Good. There is no debate that CMC is a trashy place. According to a study done by the Robert's Environmental Center last Spring, over 35% of material thrown in the dumpsters could have been recycled. To show just how much we waste, SPEAR (Students Promoting Environmental Awareness and Responsibility, CMC's environmental club) is hosting Trash on the Lawn Day this Wednesday.
Members of SPEAR will collect trash from CMC's dorms, offices, classrooms, and other buildings; the members will then dump the trash onto a tarp in front of Appleby. Throughout the afternoon, club members and anyone who wants to lend a hand will sift through the waste and sort it into piles: recyclables, compostables, special recyclables (i.e. batteries) and contaminated recyclables (items that could have been recycled but no longer can be due to contamination from other trash). The end result will be a striking visual of exactly how much recyclable material we unnecessarily discard at CMC.
A campus-wide myth is that we do not actually recycle here. People swear that they have witnessed housekeepers dumping the contents of a recycling bin into the trash. This myth is both true and false. If a housekeeper pulls out a bag of recycling and can see non recyclables in it, the entire bag is thrown into the trash. The recycling center can only accept a limited amount of contaminated recycling. Housekeeping does not have the time to sift through and sort each bin, so it is our responsibility to do it properly.
All are invited to help sort trash, or simply stop by with waste to add to the pile, from 11:00 to 4:00 pm on Wednesday. Added perks: there will be a limited supply of eco-friendly stickers available, and you can add your name into a drawing for reusable a water bottle.
After the event, SPEAR will be posting a reference list of recyclable and non-recyclable items on their blog. Check back throughout the year to read short articles about what SPEAR's environmental activities and causes. For you twotters out there, follow them on Twitter at SPEAR_CMC. SPEAR meets Tuesdays at 9 PM in the Wohlford lounge; all are welcome to join.
According to SPEAR president, sophomore Katie Browning, SPEAR is also campaigning around No to Prop 23 in the upcoming election, working with the school and other students to plan a community garden, and planning a green-themed party.
So CMC, let's show SPEAR and Mother Earth some love by being a bit less trashy and remembering that valuable lesson from kindergarten: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.


text:
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided (UG) versus fluoroscopy-guided (FG) percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Methods: A systematic search of PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, and the Cochrane Library was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials that compared UG-PCNL with FG-PCNL, and a meta-analysis of those studies was completed. The primary outcomes assessed were stone-free rate (SFR) and complication rate. Secondary outcomes assessed were the successful access-creation rate, time necessary for entrance into the target calyx, auxiliary procedure rate, transfusion rate, hemoglobin decrease after surgery, surgery duration, and hospital stay. Results: Eight studies comprising 966 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with FG-PCNL, UG-PCNL had comparable stone-free rates [odds ratio (OR) 0.95; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.67–1.35; p = 0.79] irrespective of the patient's position, and a favorable safety profile resulting in a lower complication rate (OR 0.56; 95% CI 0.36–0.86; p = 0.009). No statistical difference was found between UG and FG groups in secondary outcomes. Conclusions: UG-PCNL is as effective as FG-PCNL and has the advantage of lower complication rates. In addition, UG-PCNL could be performed with patients in the supine position without compromising its efficacy.
ASJC Scopus subject areas