Understanding Conversion Disorder And Hysterical Blindness As Seen In Kriti Garg's Raahu
In Subbu Veddula's Raahu, the protagonist played by Kriti Garg suffers from conversion disorder. We dug deeper to know about it.
A still from Raahu trailer
Debutant director Subbu Veddula's thriller film, Raahu features Kriti Garg and Aberaam Varma. The film incorporates many concepts that we are familiar with, like an eclipse. He also incorporates newer ideas like conversion disorder and hysterical blindness into the plot seamlessly. The protagonist of the film finds out that her stress levels escalate upon seeing blood. And this escalation causes her to become temporarily blind. Let's dig a little deeper into this phenomenon.
Watch the trailer of Raahu here:
Conversion disorder is a border term which acts as an umbrella for several conditions. These conditions include hysterical blindness, paralysis, seizures, hallucination, etc. What sets them apart from the regular medical conditions is the fact that they occur without permanent damage to our nervous system. These events occur in a fraction, and then our body quickly slips into its normalcy again. Which is why Bhanu could recover from her blindness in a few moments.
A Still from Raahu Trailer
Bhanu in Raahu
Despite being advanced with our technologies, there has been no concrete reason or cause behind conversion disorder. Some believe that these events are the body's way of suppressing physical or psychological stressors. And others also feel that these events occur from a trigger of the same physical or psychological stressors. While it may sound scary, it is proven that no single gene is responsible for such behaviour. And is not inheritable.
Bhanu in Raahu
Bhanu in Raahu
Counselling, psychotherapy, hypnosis, physical therapy, occupational therapy are some of the more common ways to treat conversion disorder. The symptoms can be noticed in people as early as their adolescent stages. So, you might want to track your patterns and stay safe.
You can watch the full film on ZEE5, streaming now.


Exercise 1: Quiz – The How and Why of Documenting Collections
 - Circle the right answer or write the answer in the space provided.
 - There is only one right answer.
 1. A well-documented collection encourages sound management and promotion of the objects.
 - False
 - True
 2. The only way to conserve the collections in the long run is to preserve their physical integrity.
 - False
 - True
 3. A collection's descriptive system or documentation system, is a logical, ordered and meticulous organization of the information on each of the elements making up the collections.
 - False
 - True
 4. An inventory is a systematic and meticulous survey of the descriptive and contextual information on each element of a collection.
 - False
 - True
 5. We can distinguish three main processes when documenting the collections:
 - a) counts, physical inventory, cataloguing
 - b) counts, cataloguing, digitization
 - c) cataloguing, physical inventory, digitization
 - d) cataloguing, counts, digitization
 6. The collections' physical inventory enables you:
 - a) to answer only basic questions about the nature and number of objects found in the collections;
 - b) to determine the nature and size of the collections in order to plan storage space more precisely;
 - c) to systematically organize detailed descriptive information on objects and to gain a scientific understanding of the collection.
 7. List the advantages and disadvantages of each documenting process.
 - Counts:
 - Physical inventory:
 - Cataloguing:
Contact information for this web page
Report a problem or mistake on this page
Please select all that apply:
Thank you for your help!
Date modified:


text:
Click below to read a summary of the Art & film project ideas for Bronze, Silver, and Gold awards; or to go back to project ideas click here.
Make your own animation using a rotating drum and a 'film strip'
Animation is used in all sorts of telly programmes and films. Start by finding out about all the different types; for example, what sort of animation is used in Wallace & Gromit or The Simpsons, or big pictures like Toy Story 3 or Up.
Restoring art work
Every major art gallery has a scientific department, or easy access to scientific knowledge. There are many modern scientific techniques to find out about the sorts of materials and methods artists used – when we look at a painting now it‟s not always the same as when the artist painted it many years ago. Lots of materials change over the years because of chemical changes caused, for example, by interactions with light or oxygen. For this project you can carry different tests on various types of paints (you could even make some paints yourself). You can also look at different ways of restoring old paintings. Contact an analytical chemist from an art gallery, or a university department specialising in art conservation and restoration.
Build a pinhole camera
Pinhole cameras can be made very simply, and they take reasonable pictures. But it‟s a little more complicated to make a pinhole camera that takes a good picture, has an automatic shutter, has a mechanism to wind on commercially-available film, looks like a real camera, etc. In this project you‟ll investigate pinhole cameras and design and build your own.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The groundbreaking Spectronic 20 was born 50 years ago, and - thanks to its versatility, adaptability and ruggedness - is still manufactured today
The Spectronic 20 pioneered the field of low-cost grating
spectrophotometers for industry, research and education.
half a million instruments have been sold since its launch in
1953, which is testament to its versatility, adaptability and
ruggedness - it has truly stood the test of time.
groundbreaking analytical tool is still manufactured today by
Thermo Electron, and has remained in laboratories as an essential
tool through five decades of rapid technological development.
continues to be used worldwide for teaching purposes and a number
of core industrial applications including water testing, food and
beverage, chemical quality control, biological fluids, drug, soil
and fertiliser analyses.
Affectionately nicknamed the Spec 20,
this instrument opened spectrophotometry up as an analysis
technique to a wider range of analytical and teaching
In this respect, the Spec 20 accelerated the move
towards instrumental analytical chemistry in areas where, for
cost implications, wet analytical chemistry would normally have
The longevity of the Spec 20 system is due to the
quality of its design, says Thermo.
Once established in teaching
institutions and analytical laboratories, it was rapidly adopted
by the industrial market as the most practical and reliable
Today, visible and UV-visible
spectrophotometers are a permanent fixture in almost every
analytical laboratory around the world.
basic appearance has changed very little over the years.
Nevertheless, its analysis power has continued to improve,
integrating up-to-date developments such as the latest grating
technology for improved optical performance, lamps with longer
lifetimes, and optical mirror coatings for improved resistance to
deterioration and damage.
Readings have progressively been made
more accurate with the introduction of larger meters and digital
LED displays, sophisticated PC software and Lims
interfaces now offer data manipulation, acquisition, storage,
recording and archiving capabilities.
This functionality has
ensured the continued reliability and accuracy of the Spectronic
20 and contributed to its usefulness.
Not only has the Spec 20
been a star performer in the laboratory, it also had a cameo role
in the movie, Back to the Future.
It appeared in a scene as one
of the few surviving pieces of equipment in the laboratory that
was destroyed by an explosion resulting from an errant
A fitting tribute to a product that has continually
'performed under fire' and over time.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text: The movement of water across the surface of the Earth. There are two ways water can move across the land: sheet flow and channel flow. Sheet flow, or overland flow, is the movement of water across the entire surface of the land. This occurs during storms when the ground can no longer soak up any more water. Channel flow is the movement of water through a defined channel. Rivers and streams are types of channel flow.


3. When are we likely to finish? {Time Estimate at Completion}
The project is a call to adventure.
It CAN be a hero's journey.
In the following sessions we'll cover Earned Value Management professional practices in much greater detail. I'll give you practical step by step instruction on applying Earned Value Management in any project large or small.
Properly applied, Earned Value Management will improve your ability to control projects... all by having clear visibility of what you're getting for what your spending.
Email this page to a friend
Email to a friend
Earned Value Management
(Alias: EVM, cost/schedule control systems criteria - C/SCSC)
Earned Value Management (EVM) is a project performance measurement technique that provides an accurate comparison of the actual work performed against that planned. It achieves this by placing a baseline value on each deliverable at project commencement and crediting the project with that value when the deliverable is completed. This facilitates early identification of variances from plan allowing management to take corrective action before problems escalate.
The essential elements of the technique are as follows:
 - Establish the baseline plan. In the planning phases of a project a target value is assigned to each scheduled element of work (usually some physical deliverable). This is called the "Planned Value (PV)".
 - Allocate earned value. As the elements of work are completed their original Planned Values are classed as "earned", hence the term "Earned Value (EV)". The cumulative Earned Value across all completed work elements provides an accurate measurement of the value of work performed at any point in time.
 - Measure variances from plan. Project performance can now be measured by comparing Earned Value with what has been spent to perform the work (Actual Cost - AC) and what was scheduled to be accomplished (PV). Refer to Earned Value Variances.
 - Determine the criticality of variances. Earned Value indices provide further insights into the relative magnitude (and criticality) of cost and schedule variances. Refer to Earned Value Indices.
 - Forecast project outcomes. Earned Value metrics can also be used to forecast the outcome of a project. Refer to Earned Value Forecasts.
The EVM technique is used in project management only. EVM metrics assume a project with a fixed set of deliverables conducted over a defined period in time. EVM is therefore not useful in managing continuous business operations.
Earned Value Metrics
Earned Value Variances
Cost Variance (CV)
= Earned Value (EV) - Actual Cost (AC)
> 0 means under budget
< 0 means over budget
Schedule Variance (SV)
= Earned Value (EV) - Planned Value (PV)
> 0 means ahead of schedule
< 0 means behind schedule
Earned Value Indices
Cost Performance Index (CPI)
> 1 means better progress for the money
< 1 means less progress for the money
Schedule Performance Index (SPI)
> 1 means more work performed than scheduled
< 1 means less work performed than scheduled
Project Percent Complete
= (EV/BAC) * 100
Percent of project work complete.
Where BAC = Budget at Completion
To Complete Performance Index (TCPI)
The cost performance index required to complete the project on budget.
Comparing CPI and TCPI at any point in a project gives a unique insight into the likelihood of a project completing on budget. For example if a project is running at a CPI of 0.8 with a TCPI of 1.2 required to complete on budget; such a step change is unlikely without major management intervention.
Earned Value Forecasts
Estimate at completion (EAC)
The estimated total cost at project completion.
Variance at completion (VAC)
The estimated variance between actual total cost and planned total cost at project completion.
Member Comments
25 member ratings
✭ ✭ ✭ ✭ ✩
RE Definition: Earned Value Management
By anonymous » Fri 16-Apr-2021, 17:57, My rating: ✭ ✭ ✭ ✭ ✭
If the instructor is crying about the indiscretion of your adolescent, it should be seen that you didn't pick the correct teacher. One hire this comma corrector online to do work at time. Adolescents can never get exhausted and drained with music rehearses in case they get strong motivation from educators and guardians.
43 Comments • Page 1 of 43 • 1 2 3 4 5 …43 » Next
- Rate this definition.
- Did it help?
- Suggest improvements.
- Request more information.
- Exchange ideas with our member community.
Email to a friend


text:
I wish to calculate connection, curvature, Ricci curvature etc. for a
Riemannian metric given as follows: there is an orthogonal frame of vector
fields with stipulated Lie bracket relations between them. The frame is
orthogonal but not orthonormal, and the lengths of its vector fields are functions
of a single function on the manifold. Given these metric values on the frame and the
Lie bracket relations, the covariant derivatives are in principle computable from the
Koszul formula, hence connection and curvature are all determined.
When I try to define the metric using a dual coframe in ATLAS's Metric
routine, it allows me to define it but claims there is not actual curvature.
From the help it seems the coframes used in this routine are always given
as differentials of coordinates. Is there a way to get the metric via the data
given above without putting in by hand all the different Koszul formulas etc.?

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


How to Stop Pitting in Aluminum
John Adams
Aluminum pitting is a common type of corrosion that occurs in the presence of water and salt dissolved in the water. You can prevent pitting in your aluminum surface by cleaning, treating and sealing the aluminum surface.
An aluminum boat is particularly susceptible to pitting.
 1. Dry the surface to be protected and sand it. Start sanding with the 400-grit sandpaper, then follow with the 800-grit sandpaper. Then sand the surface with the fine steel wool.
 2. Apply an aluminum cleaner to the surface using the steel wool. Rub this into the surface until it is thoroughly cleaned. Follow the cleaner's application and drying instructions.
 3. Buff out the entire surface using a clean cotton or wool cloth, or preferably an orbital buffer. Apply aluminum polish to the cloth or orbital buffer, and use the cloth or buffer in circular motions until you have removed all traces of the aluminum cleaner. Follow the polish's application and drying instructions.
 4. Once the surface is dry, apply an aluminum sealer to the surface using a second cloth. Do not use the same cloth used in Step 3. Let the surface dry for the period specified on the aluminum sealer's container and reapply if recommended.
 5. Tip
 If your surface gets scratched or dented, this will break the sealant applied in step 4 and allow moisture and salts to restart the corrosion cycle. To address this, you will need to repeat steps 1 through 4 at and near the damaged surface.
 Perform steps 1 through with little pause in between. You do not want the aluminum to sit exposed for long after the sanding. This will leave the surface susceptible to more corrosion.
 Many of the chemicals mentioned in this are harmful to the skin. Wear protective clothing, especially gloves, and follow all warnings.


text:
It's confusing isn't it? Problem Solving Officers, Community Policing Officers, PSO Sergeants, Neighborhood Services Coordinators, PSA Lieutenants. Who are all these people and what role do they play in community policing? And, by the way, what the heck is community policing anyway? I'll try to shed some light on the subject.
Most police officers work in a division called patrol. These are the men and women who come to your aid when you dial 911. They perform an incredibly valuable service, particularly if a crime is still in progress.
For chronic problems, however, calling 911 isn't always effective. Once the patrol officers wrap up their reports and leave, the troublemakers return and the criminal activity continues.
Community policing is a program specifically designed to solve stubborn, chronic, public safety problems.
The city is divided into 57 community policing beats, each containing about 5,000 to 7,000 residents. Each beat has (or will have) a dedicated Problem Solving Officer (PSO). The PSOs used to be called Community Policing Officers, but the Police Department changed the name a couple of years ago. The PSOs do not respond to 911 emergency calls. Their mandate is to work with the community on long-term problem solving.
To understand how community policing works, let's take a brief detour into the theory. Community policing is based on three principals:
- Community partnership
- Problem solving
- Geographic focus
At its core, community policing is a partnership between the neighborhood and the police. The PSOs become an integral part of the community they serve. And the neighbors play an active role in solving problems. Each side brings important information to the table. The neighbors usually have in-depth knowledge of the troublemakers and criminal activity. The PSO has access to legal and enforcement resources. Working together as partners, they have a much better chance of achieving meaningful results.
While 911 policing responds to emergencies, community policing solves problems. PSOs have the time to sit down with the community and gain a real understanding of the local situation. And they have the flexibility to stick with a particular problem until it is actually resolved.
As a practical matter, community policing efforts are focused on small, well defined geographical areas (a.k.a. beats). It's pretty hard for an officer to become an expert in local concerns if his or her area stretches halfway across the city. And it's pretty hard for the neighbors to sustain a nine month project to get rid of a drug house if they are working with a different officer every week. For community policing to be successful, it requires a fairly narrow geographic focus.
To fill out the rest of the community policing organization chart on the police side, the PSOs report to PSO Sergeants, who in turn report to PSA Lieutenants. (PSA stands for Police Service Area. I know. The acronyms will drive you crazy.) Neighborhood Service Coordinators (NSCs) are community organizers. They help each neighborhood organize and develop its working partnership with the police.
In particular, the neighborhoods of Adams Point (beat 14X: map, info, Yahoo group), Grand Lake (beats 14Y [map, info] and 16X [map, info]: Yahoo group), and Haddon/China Hills (15X: map, info, Yahoo group) belong to PSA 3. Hoang Banh is the NSC for these neighborhoods (as well as a Grand Lake Guardian contributor).
For information on the boundaries of, and the NSC for, other beats, try this clickable map.
Would you like to make your neighborhood stronger and safer by participating in community policing? For all the details, contact Neighborhood Services Coordinator, Hoang Banh, at _PHONE_ or _EMAIL_.
Now that we've covered some of the basics, next time I'll take a look at what is actually happening in community policing this fall. Please chime in with news about how community policing is working in your neighborhood.


text:
1. Film squeezer is our newly designed machine, specially designed with spiral pressing.
2. The squeezer is especially suitable for plastic film, plastic bags, woven bags, jumbo bags, solving the previous drying problem.
3. Instead of dewatering machine, there is a hot blower in the recycling line, which is energy-saving equipment.
4. Easy to operate.
5. Make the material easier to be granulated and dried, if you use the squeezer, you will not need the following three machines: dewatering machine, pipe drying system and granulator, only one stage extruder recycling machine is needed instead of two or three stage recycling machine.
The squeezer is used to dry those washed films, woven bags, etc. into pellet form. After that, these pellets can go directly to the extruder. This is a fully automatic film and woven bag extrusion pelletizer with high drying and full plasticization of material by screw extrusion and electric heating, low power consumption and high output. The final moisture is only 3-5%. The output will be customized according to the customer's requirements.
1. The squeezer can process wet PE film, PP film, PET cloth, 98 film, 99 film.
2. Fully squeeze the moisture of the material to make the material semi-plasticized.
3. Compared with the traditional dewatering machine, the squeezer is energy-saving, good drying effect and low noise; under normal circumstances, the squeezer needs dewatering machine and pipe dryer. The squeezer has high power consumption and low efficiency. Generally speaking, the power consumption of the extruder is 50% less than that of the dewaterer.
4. The material is fully wetted into the screw, and after the extrusion process, the material is fully plasticized within 1% of humidity.
5. The extruded material will be melted and then flow to the pelletizing die.


text:
ROME -- It's a new Da Vinci code, but this time it could be for real.
An Italian musician and computer technician claims to have uncovered musical notes encoded in Leonardo Da Vinci's "Last Supper," raising the possibility that the Renaissance genius might have left behind a somber composition to accompany the scene depicted in the 15th-century wall painting.
"It sounds like a requiem," Giovanni Maria Pala said. "It's like a soundtrack that emphasizes the passion of Jesus."
Painted from 1494 to 1498 in Milan's Church of Santa Maria delle Grazie, the "Last Supper" vividly depicts a key moment in the Gospel narrative: Jesus' last meal with the 12 Apostles before his arrest and crucifixion, and the shock of Christ's followers as they learn that one of them is about to betray him.
Pala, a 45-year-old musician who lives near the southern Italian city of Lecce, began studying Leonardo's painting in 2003, after hearing on a news program that researchers believed the artist and inventor had hidden a musical composition in the work.
"Afterward, I didn't hear anything more about it," he said in an interview with The Associated Press. "As a musician, I wanted to dig deeper."
In a book released Friday in Italy, Pala explains how he took elements of the painting that have symbolic value in Christian theology and interpreted them as musical clues.
Pala first saw that by drawing the five lines of a musical staff across the painting, the loaves of bread on the table as well as the hands of Jesus and the Apostles could each represent a musical note.
This fit the relation in Christian symbolism between the bread, representing the body of Christ, and the hands, which are used to bless the food, he said. But the notes made no sense musically until Pala realized that the score had to be read from right to left, following Leonardo's particular writing style.
In his book "La Musica Celata" ("The Hidden Music") Pala also describes how he found what he says are other clues in the painting that reveal the slow rhythm of the composition and the duration of each note.
The result is a 40-second "hymn to God" that Pala said sounds best on a pipe organ, the instrument most commonly used in Leonardo's time for spiritual music. A short segment taken from a CD of the piece contained a Bach-like passage played on the organ. The tempo was almost painfully slow but musical.
Alessandro Vezzosi, a Leonardo expert and the director of a museum dedicated to the artist in his hometown of Vinci, said he had not seen Pala's research but that the musician's hypothesis "is plausible."
Vezzosi said previous research has indicated the hands of the Apostles in the painting can be substituted with the notes of a Gregorian chant, though so far no one had tried to work in the bread loaves.
"There's always a risk of seeing something that is not there, but it's certain that the spaces (in the painting) are divided harmonically," he told the AP. "Where you have harmonic proportions, you can find music."
Vezzosi also noted that though Leonardo was more noted for his paintings, sculptures and visionary inventions, he was also a musician. Da Vinci played the lyre and designed various instruments. His writings include some musical riddles, which must be read from right to left.
Reinterpretations of the "Last Supper" have popped up ever since "The Da Vinci Code" fascinated readers and movie-goers with suggestions that one of the apostles sitting on Jesus' right is Mary Magdalene, that the two had a child and that their bloodline continues.
Pala stressed that his discovery does not reveal any supposed dark secrets of the Catholic Church or of Leonardo, but instead shows the artist in a light far removed from the conspiratorial descriptions found in fiction.
"A new figure emerges he wasn't a heretic like some believe," Pala said. "What emerges is a man who believes, a man who really believes in God."
On the Net:
Pala's site (in Italian), _URL_
Official site for the "Last Supper," _URL_


Overhead Crane vs. Hoist
Both overhead cranes and hoists are machines used to move heavy or bulky materials and equipment around industrial and commercial job sites. While some people incorrectly use the terms interchangeably due to their similarities in function, they remain distinct machines due to their many differences in design and use. For example, hoists move loads up and down, while cranes move loads up and down and side to side.
Below, we provide a more comprehensive overview of overhead cranes and hoists, discussing what they are, how they operate, and how the two types of lifting equipment differ.
An Overview of Overhead Cranes
An overhead crane is a piece of equipment that securely lifts and lowers heavy loads along a vertical axis and moves them along other axes. This quality allows for multi-directional mobility in a worksite. For example, a construction worker can use an overhead crane system to pick up a load at one area of the construction site, move the load along a fixed rail system to position it above another area of the construction site, and set the load down at the new area.
Components of an Overhead Crane
hoist and trolley underOverhead cranes consist of three main components:
 - The hoist: This part controls the vertical lifting and lowering. It is fixed to the trolley component, which allows it to move back and forth across the bridge as needed. Its load capacity depends on its design and construction. For example, chain hoists are suitable for loads of 5 tons and below, while wire rope hoists are suitable for loads of 5 tons and above.
 - The trolley: This part moves the hoist along the bridge. It is available in three main types, each of which offers different advantages in different applications. Low headroom trolleys feature a compact design that makes them suitable for single-girder crane applications, normal headroom trolleys are suitable for monorail and jib crane applications, and double-girder trolleys provide superior clearance and headroom for double girder-crane applications.
 - The bridge: This part serves as the component on which the trolley moves back and forth.
Types of Overhead Cranes
While all overhead cranes operate under the same basic design principles, they are available in multiple variations to suit different work environments. The most common types include:
 - Top running cranes: In top running cranes, the bridge components move atop ceiling-mounted rails. This crane design is well-suited for lifting and moving heavy loads.
 - Under running cranes: In under running cranes, the bridge components move along the bottom of ceiling-mounted rails.
 - Gantry cranes: In gantry cranes, the bridge component is not attached to the ceiling. Instead, a single or double girder is attached to wheeled legs. This crane design is popular in shipbuilding applications.
 - Monorail cranes: In monorail cranes, the trolley-mounted hoist moves along a single, circular, oval, or winding path throughout the facility. This crane design is suitable for moving loads within tight or complex spaces.
An Overview of Hoists
Unlike overhead cranes, hoists only provide vertical movement (i.e., lifting and lowering of loads). They do not provide any horizontal moving action to loads except when used as the lifting component of larger lifting systems (e.g., overhead cranes). One common example is an elevator.
Design Considerations for Hoists
Despite their limited directional mobility, hoists are still commonly used as lifting equipment for various heavy materials and equipment. The type employed varies from application to application, depending on the lifting requirements. Some of the design factors to consider include:
 - Lifting medium: The lifting medium is the material used to connect the load hook (i.e., the component securing the load) to the body of the hoist. The type used in a hoist system depends on the expected weight of the load(s). It can be rope, metal cable, roller load chain, or welded link chain.
 - Power: The power refers to how the hoist is powered. It can be a manual mechanism (e.g., a pulley used to multiply the pulling force input by the operator), an electrical mechanism (e.g., an electrical motor), or a pneumatic mechanism (e.g., an air-powered motor). The type used in a hoist system depends on the lifting/lowering force required and the existing setup of the facility. For example, facilities that already use air tools may find pneumatically powered hoists easier to integrate.
 - Suspension: The suspension refers to the mounting method of the hoist. Some of the most common are hook-mounted, lug-mounted, and trolley-mounted. The type used in a hoist system depends on the lifting requirements. For example, hook-mounted hoists are used for lifting applications that only require moving the load up and down, while trolley-mounted hoists are used for lifting applications that require moving the load up and down and to different areas of a worksite.
Main Differences Between Overhead Cranes and Hoists
There are many differences between overhead cranes and hoists. The main one is their range of movement. Hoists can only move loads up and down, while cranes can move loads up and down and side to side. In the latter, a hoist serves as the component that provides vertical movement, while a trolley and bridge serve as the components that enable horizontal movement.
The other main difference between overhead cranes and hoists is how they are categorized. Overhead cranes are generally grouped by their design and construction (e.g., top running, under running, gantry, and monorail), while hoists are typically classified by their lifting medium, power type, and suspension.
Overhead Cranes and Hoists From American Crane
While overhead cranes and hoists differ in design and purpose, both pieces of equipment are valuable tools in moving heavy and bulky loads in industrial and commercial worksites. However, it is essential to choose one that is well-suited for your application. If you need help selecting and sourcing overhead cranes or hoists for your facility, ACECO is your expert, craftsman, and partner.
At American Crane & Equipment Corporation, we offer standard and custom material handling equipment—including hoists and overhead cranes—for a wide range of applications. For additional information about our products and services or assistance choosing a lifting equipment solution for your facility, contact us or request a quote today.


text:
Evolution of computational models in BioModels Database and the Physiome Model Repository
CITATION: Scharm, M., et al. 2018. Evolution of computational models in BioModels Database and the Physiome Model Repository. BMC Systems Biology, 12:53, doi:10.1186/s12918-_PHONE_-2.
The original publication is available at _URL_
ENGLISH SUMMARY : Background: A useful model is one that is being (re)used. The development of a successful model does not finish with its publication. During reuse, models are being modified, i.e. expanded, corrected, and refined. Even small changes in the encoding of a model can, however, significantly affect its interpretation. Our motivation for the present study is to identify changes in models and make them transparent and traceable. Methods: We analysed 13734 models from BioModels Database and the Physiome Model Repository. For each model, we studied the frequencies and types of updates between its first and latest release. To demonstrate the impact of changes, we explored the history of a Repressilator model in BioModels Database. Results: We observed continuous updates in the majority of models. Surprisingly, even the early models are still being modified. We furthermore detected that many updates target annotations, which improves the information one can gain from models. To support the analysis of changes in model repositories we developed MoSt, an online tool for visualisations of changes in models. The scripts used to generate the data and figures for this study are available from GitHub github.com/binfalse/BiVeS-StatsGenerator and as a Docker image at hub.docker.com/r/binfalse/bives-statsgenerator. The website most.bio.informatik.uni-rostock.de provides interactive access to model versions and their evolutionary statistics. Conclusion: The reuse of models is still impeded by a lack of trust and documentation. A detailed and transparent documentation of all aspects of the model, including its provenance, will improve this situation. Knowledge about a model's provenance can avoid the repetition of mistakes that others already faced. More insights are gained into how the system evolves from initial findings to a profound understanding. We argue that it is the responsibility of the maintainers of model repositories to offer transparent model provenance to their users.


Compile-time configuration
There are three compile-time configuration options that assist in debugging Berkeley DB and Berkeley DB applications:
If you want to build Berkeley DB with -g as the C and C++ compiler flag, enter --enable-debug as an argument to configure. This will create Berkeley DB with debugging symbols, as well as load various Berkeley DB routines that can be called directly from a debugger to display database page content, cursor queues, and so forth. (Note that the -O optimization flag will still be specified. To compile with only the -g, explicitly set the CFLAGS environment variable before configuring.)
If you want to build Berkeley DB with debugging run-time sanity checks and with DIAGNOSTIC _TAG_ during compilation, enter --enable-diagnostic as an argument to configure. This will cause a number of special checks to be performed when Berkeley DB is running. This flag should not be defined when configuring to build production binaries because it degrades performance.
When compiling Berkeley DB for use in run-time memory consistency checkers (in particular, programs that look for reads and writes of uninitialized memory), use --enable-umrw as an argument to configure. This guarantees, among other things, that Berkeley DB will completely initialize allocated pages rather than initializing only the minimum necessary amount.


text:
In an unusual partnership that combines oil industry refining expertise withCorp.'s fuel cell technology, GM and ExxonMobil Corp. announced Aug. 10 they have developed a new highly efficient gasoline fuel processor for fuel cell vehicles.
The on-board processor turns ordinary gasoline into a high-quality stream of hydrogen that powers a fuel cell, enabling them to be "gassed up" at the corner station like a conventional car or truck.
The development promises to be a big breakthrough because it could eliminate two of the biggest current problems for the technology: storing hydrogen onboard and lack of a hydrogen-refueling infrastructure.
Lawrence D. Burns, GM vice president for Research & Development and Planning, promises a vehicle demonstration using the technology within 18 months, paving the way for the possible production of hundreds of thousands of cost-efficient fuel-cell vehicles by the end of the decade.
Among the innovations ExxonMobil helped deliver is a system for recovering and reusing the heat and water generated by the reforming process and using it to power the device and continue the reaction. By the end of this year, GM says it will demonstrate an integrated system with the processor and a GM fuel stack producing enough electricity to power a vehicle.


ndisc6 [-1mnqv] [-r attempts] [-w wait_ms] < IPv6 address>
NDisc6 is an Unix program which implements the ICMPv6 Neighbor Discovery in userland (it is normally done by the kernel). It is used to lookup the link-layer address (layer 2 address, MAC in the case of Ethernet) of any on-link IPv6 node.
The IPv6 address of the node must be specified, as well as the networking interface on which to perform the lookup.
-1 or --single
Exit as soon as the first advertisement is received (default).
-h or --help
Display some help and exit.
-m or --multiple
Wait for possible duplicate advertisements and print all of them.
-n or --numeric
If the first parameter is not a valid IPv6 address, do not try to resolve it as a DNS hostname.
-q or --quiet
Only display link-layer address. Display nothing in case of failure. That is mostly useful when calling the program from a shell script.
-r attempts or --retry attempts
Send ICMPv6 Neighbor Discovery that many times until a reply is received, or abort. By default, ndisc6 will try 3 times before aborting (MAX_MULTICAST_SOLICIT and MAX_UNICAST_SOLICIT from RFC2461).
-V or --version
Display program version and license and exit.
-v or --verbose
Display verbose information. That is the default.
-w wait_ms or --wait wait_ms
Wait wait_ms milliseconds for a response before retrying. By default, ndisc6 waits 1 second between each attempts (RETRANS_TIMER from RFC2461).
If you get no response while you know the remote host is up, it is most likely that it is not on-link, that is to say, you must cross one or more routers to reach it. By design, IPv6 nodes ignore ICMPv6 Neighbor Discovery packets received from nodes not on the same link (i.e. Ethernet segment), for the sake of security. Technically, that is done by ensuring that the Hop limit (TTL) is 255.
Note that you cannot use ndisc6 to lookup the local host's link-layer address.
ndisc6 should be setuid root to allow use by non privileged users. It will drop its root privileges before any attempt is made to send or receive data from the network to reduce the possible impact of a security vulnerability.
RELATED TO ndisc6…
R\[char233]mi Denis-Courmont
$Id: ndisc6.8 _PHONE_-31 20:56:30Z remi $


text:
*EXTREMELY HIGH SPEED: 70 ns
*500 MHz STEP SIZE VARIABLE OUTPUT
*FIXED 5.5 GHz OUTPUT
*5 BITS SINGLE ENDED TTL CONTROL
*10/100 MHz STEP SIZES ALSO AVAILABLE
*+/-8V POWER SUPPLY
Akon has developed a series of fast stepping LOs with a step size as small as 10 MHz. Akon's LO Assemblies use a crystal oscillator (TCXO or OCXO) as a reference. Active multiplication with filtering is used to achieve frequencies up to 20.0 GHz.
Key features of these LO assemblies
- Complimentary Product to AKON's Tuner Line.
- Provide variable (stepped) and fi xed frequency outputs.
- Step size 10 MHz to 500 MHz depending on Tuner requirements.
- Tuning Speed < 100 nanoseconds.
- External Reference Input
- High stability OCXO
- Frequencies generated by direct multiplication, mixing, fi ltering, switching.
- Multiple outputs can drive multiple tuners.


0 _URL_
The <a href="_URL_ class in Ruby allows us to generate some very smooth and useful infinite sequences. For example, in some <a href="_URL_ Euler problems it is required to generate sequences without a specific limit. A good example of this is the Highly Divisible Triangular Number problem:

The sequence of triangle numbers is generated by adding the natural numbers. So the 7th triangle number would be 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 = 28. The first ten terms would be: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55, ... Let us list the factors of the first seven triangle numbers: 1: 1 3: 1,3 6: 1,2,3,6 10: 1,2,5,10 15: 1,3,5,15 21: 1,3,7,21 28: 1,2,4,7,14,28 We can see that 28 is the first triangle number to have over five divisors. What is the value of the first triangle number to have over five hundred divisors?

So first we would want to be able to generate a (infinite) sequence of <a href="_URL_ numbers that we can use to do many programming operations, such as iterating over the sequence.
 Modifying the Zenoss Infrastructure Grid _URL_ Thu, 10 Nov 2016 00:00:00 +0000 _URL_
Continuing from my previous post, where I explained <a href="_URL_ to modify the device detail bar from a ZenPack using ExtJS, in this post I will explain how we can modify the device list grid shown in the infrastructure page.

The Infrastructure Grid

This is the table in the infrastructure page that shows all devices being monitored by Zenoss. Default columns include device name, device class, IP address, production state, and events, as shown in the image below:

However it would be nice to also include the power status we added to the device detail bar in the previous post, maybe even add the ping status as well (why Zenoss doesn’t do this by default is beyond me).

DevicePanels.js

The source code for the grid is found in $ZENHOME/Products/ZenUI/browser/resources/js/zenoss/DevicePanels.js. A quick glance at it and you will quickly find the definitions of the columns I mentioned earlier, defined in an array called deviceColumns.
 Modifying the Zenoss Device Detail Bar _URL_ Tue, 08 Nov 2016 00:00:00 +0000 _URL_
The Zenoss Core <a href="_URL_ graphic user interface is divided into many different components. In this post I will go over on how we can modify the device detail bar to display additional custom information for devices, by creating a custom ZenPack.

Zenoss Core 4 uses ExtJS 4 JavaScript framework to manage all the user interface components. These components can be found in $ZENHOME/Products/ZenUI3/browser/resources/js/zenoss, and as you would expect, the device detail bar component is also located there.

The Device Detail Bar

This is the detail bar located on the device view page which shows the device’s icon, name, events, status, production state, and priority. The JavaScript source code for this component can be found in DeviceDetailBar.js

However since we are going to extend this component through a ZenPack, we will not modify that source. Instead, we will add new code to use ExtJS to add our custom data displays.

Extending The Component, Through ZenPacks

Let’s assume we are starting with a freshly created ZenPack, which adds a new power_status integer field to certain devices, according to its zenpack.yaml file:

# ... classes: CustomDevice: base: [zenpacklib.Device] label: Custom Device properties: power_status: type: boolean

What we want is to display this value in the device’s detail bar, similar to the device’s ping status display.
 Creating Zenoss ZenPack Daemons _URL_ Mon, 07 Nov 2016 00:00:00 +0000 _URL_
ZenPacks are powerful custom add-ons that can help us extend Zenoss’s functionality. In this post I will go over on how to create a ZenPack that adds a custom daemon to the existing Zenoss daemons and runs on a configured cycle time to perform custom tasks. We will achieve this by creating the ZenPack using <a href="_URL_ but it is also possible to create it from the Zenoss user interface.

About zenpacklib

zenpacklib is a Python library developed by the Zenoss team to facilitate the process of creating ZenPacks, specially ZenPacks that deal with modeling and monitoring devices and components. Most of the newer ZenPacks that are being released are now being built with zenpacklib.

We can obtain zenpacklib by running the following commands:

wget _URL_ chmod 755 zenpacklib.py

This will download the zenpacklib Python library and give it executable permissions.

Creating the ZenPack

Using the zenpacklib file we just downloaded, we proceed to create a new fresh ZenPack:

./zenpacklib.py create ZenPacks.<your_namespace>.<zenpack_name>

This will create the ZenPack base directory with the necessary base files.

Now we go into this directory to begin.

cd ZenPacks.<your_namespace>.<zenpack_name>

Creating the ZenPack Daemon

Our custom daemon declaration will be located


Theatre Is A Sacred Space For Actors
This content shows Simple View
vending toy
What Is A Vending Machine?
A vending machine is a machine that can be used to dispense products such as drinks, beverages, foods, and even toys for children. Often it is necessary to put money or other payment methods into the machine before removing something.
The main use of these machines is that they can distribute goods 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and no one has to be there to service them. The owner only needs to be present to recharge, withdraw or deposit money regularly. However, there are so many online stores that provide the #1 vending toy & capsule machine for kids – Planet Games for the entertainment of kids.
What is a vending machine?
Image Source: Google
The first modern vending machines appeared in the early 19th century, selling postcards. The first food vending machine to sell chewing gum to tourists. There are vending machines all over the world for everything from toys to newspapers. Japan is probably the most adopted country of vending machines and you'll find them everywhere.
A vending machine that does not require refrigeration and has a long shelf life can make the owner a lot of money. Some products, such as the sandwich should be kept cold and, because of their volatile contents, the machine should be visited more frequently.
Machine technology has developed rapidly over the years. Some machines were heavy made it difficult to tip and steal products, and others did not accept coins that could easily be replaced with foreign coins of a similar size and shape. Vending machines have become an integral part of modern life and seem to remain in our world of convenience.


text: The Shanghai Women's Health Study (SWHS, R37 CA070867) is a population-based cohort study of approximately 75,000 Chinese women who were recruited between 1997 and 2000 and have been followed via multiple in-person surveys and record linkages with population-based registries. Over the years, data and biological samples collected in the SWMS have been used to evaluate many important etiologic hypotheses and support multiple studies, including about 40 research consortia. To sustain and expand SWHS resources and success, we are applying for infrastructure funding. Specific aims: 1) Continue cohort follow-up for cancer incidence and cause-specific mortality and conduct additional in-person interviews to obtain information regarding exposures and selected disease outcomes; 2) Maintain SWHS data bank and biorepository to support research and facilitate data sharing with the scientific community; 3) Collect and store stool samples from approximately 40,000 living cohort members for future research of fecal microbiota and other biomarkers; 4) Establish resources for clinical and pharmaco-epidemiologic research through linkage with population-based electronic medical databases; 5) Continue to collect tumor tissue samples among cohort members diagnosed with cancer to study tumor markers. The SWHS, with its large sample size, wealth of resources, and unique exposure patterns and disease spectrum, provides exceptional opportunities to address many significant hypotheses that cannot be adequately investigated in other existing cohorts. Results from the SWHS will have significant impact on reducing the incidence and mortality of cancer and other noncommunicable diseases, the major causes of death in most countries.


text:
In an article entitled "Hidden in Plain Sight" on the Health Resources & Services Administration (HRSA) site, Dr. Kimberly Chang, who has uncovered multiple cases of childhood sex trafficking in her Bay area health center practice stated, "They are invisible, hidden from us, but sometimes, in plain sight. They can be cooks in our restaurants, people who grow our food; they staff our factories; and they are children on our streets. They are our community and our patients … and yet we don't see them."
Authorities estimate that some 21 million people are victimized worldwide – and between 100,000 and 300,000 children are at risk of being forced into sexual servitude in the U.S alone.
Chang suspects the numbers are much higher. "That's just the tip of the iceberg," she said, noting that most estimates are obtained from criminal justice records that only represent a fraction of offenders.
What is clear is that victims intersect with health care systems everywhere. One study of survivors showed that almost 88 percent had encountered a health care provider during their ordeal.
STAC is training public health professionals throughout the area as part of its mission to build public awareness and inform professionals and community members about the existence of sex and labor trafficking in the Big Bend of Florida.
Join us for a healthcare event in your area!
HUMAN TRAFFICKING: A CALL TO ACTION FOR HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS
Register at one of these two locations:


version you're targeting.
 - The <framework>_OR_GREATER symbols are defined for the version you're targeting and all earlier versions. For example, if you're targeting .NET Framework 2.0, the following symbols are defined: NET20, NET20_OR_GREATER, NET11_OR_GREATER, and NET10_OR_GREATER.
 - The NETSTANDARD<x>_<y>_OR_GREATER symbols are only defined for .NET Standard targets, and not for targets that implement .NET Standard, such as .NET Core and .NET Framework.
 - These are different from the target framework monikers (TFMs) used by the MSBuild TargetFramework property and NuGet.
Note
For traditional, non-SDK-style projects, you have to manually configure the conditional compilation symbols for the different target frameworks in Visual Studio via the project's properties pages.
Other predefined symbols include the DEBUG and TRACE constants. You can override the values set for the project using #define. The DEBUG symbol, for example, is automatically set depending on your build configuration properties ("Debug" or "Release" mode).
The following example shows you how to define a MYTEST symbol on a file and then test the values of the MYTEST and DEBUG symbols. The output of this example depends on whether you built the project on Debug or Release configuration mode.
#define MYTEST
using System;
public class MyClass
{
 static void Main()
 {
#if (DEBUG && !MYTEST)
 Console.WriteLine("DEBUG is defined");
#elif (!DEBUG && MYTEST)
 Console.WriteLine("MYTEST is defined");
#elif (DEBUG && MYTEST)
 Console.WriteLine("DEBUG and MYTEST are defined");
#else
 Console.WriteLine("DEBUG and MYTEST are not defined");
#endif
 }
}
The following example shows you how to test for different target frameworks so you can use newer APIs when possible:
public class MyClass
{
 static void Main()
 {
#if NET40
 WebClient _client = new WebClient();
#else
 HttpClient _client = new HttpClient();
#endif
 }
 //...
}
Defining symbols
You use the following two preprocessor directives to define or undefine symbols for conditional compilation:
 - #define: Define a symbol.
 - #undef: Undefine a symbol.
You use #define to define a symbol. When you use the symbol as the expression that's passed to the #if directive, the expression will evaluate to true, as the following example shows:
#define VERBOSE
#if VERBOSE
 Console.WriteLine("Verbose output version");
#endif
Note
In C#, primitive constants should be defined using the const keyword. A const declaration creates a static member that can't be modified at runtime. The #define directive can't be used to declare constant values as is typically done in C and C++. If you have several such constants, consider creating a separate "Constants" class to hold them.
Symbols can be used to specify conditions for compilation. You can test for the symbol with either #if or #elif. You can also use the ConditionalAttribute to perform conditional compilation. You can define a symbol, but you can't assign a value to a symbol. The #define directive must appear in the file before you use any instructions that aren't also preprocessor directives. You can also define a symbol with the DefineConstants compiler option. You can undefine a symbol with #undef.
Defining regions
You can define regions of code that can be collapsed in an outline using the following two preprocessor directives:
 - #region: Start a region.
 - #endregion: End a region.
#region lets you specify a block of code that you can expand or collapse when using the outlining feature of the code editor. In longer code files, it's convenient to collapse or hide one or more regions so that you can focus on the part of the file that you're currently working on. The following example shows how to define a region:
#region MyClass definition
public class MyClass
{
 static void Main()
 {
 }
}
#endregion
A #region block must be terminated with an #endregion directive. A #region block can't overlap with an #if block. However, a #region block can be nested in an #if block, and an #if block can be nested in a #region block.
Error and warning information
You instruct the compiler to generate user-defined compiler errors and warnings, and control line information using the following directives:
 - #error: Generate a compiler error with a specified message.
 - #warning: Generate a compiler warning, with a specific message.
 - #line: Change the line number printed with compiler messages.
#error lets you generate a CS1029 user-defined error from a specific location in your code. For example:
#error Deprecated code in this method.
Note
The compiler treats #error version in a special way and reports a compiler error, CS8304, with a message containing the used compiler and language versions.
#warning lets you generate a CS1030 level one compiler warning from a specific location in your code. For example:
#warning Deprecated code in this method.
#line lets you modify the compiler's line numbering and (optionally) the file name output for errors and warnings.
The following example shows how to report two warnings associated with line numbers. The #line 200 directive forces the next line's number to be 200 (although the default is #6), and until the next #line directive, the filename will be reported as "Special". The #line default directive returns the line numbering to its default numbering, which counts the lines that were renumbered by the previous directive.
class MainClass
{
 static void Main()
 {
#line 200 "Special"
 int i;
 int j;
#line default
 char c;
 float f;
#line hidden // numbering not affected
 string s;
 double d;
 }
}
Compilation produces the following output:
Special(200,13): warning CS0168: The variable 'i' is declared but never used
Special(201,13): warning CS0168: The variable 'j' is declared but never used
MainClass.cs(9,14): warning CS0168: The variable 'c' is declared but never used
MainClass.cs(10,15): warning CS0168: The variable 'f' is declared but never used
MainClass.cs(12,16): warning CS0168: The variable 's' is declared but never used
MainClass.cs(13,16): warning CS0168: The variable 'd' is declared but never used
The #line directive might be used in an automated, intermediate step in the build process. For example, if lines were removed from the original source code file, but you still wanted the compiler to generate output based on the original line numbering in the file, you could remove lines and then simulate the original line numbering with #line.
The #line hidden directive hides the successive lines from the debugger, such that when the developer steps through the code, any lines between a #line hidden and the next #line directive (assuming that it isn't another #line hidden directive) will be stepped over. This option can also be used to allow ASP.NET to differentiate between user-defined and machine-generated code. Although ASP.NET is the primary consumer of this feature, it's likely that more source generators will make use of it.
A #line hidden directive doesn't affect file names or line numbers in error reporting. That is, if the compiler finds an error in a hidden block, the compiler will report the current file name and line number of the error.
The #line filename directive specifies the file name you want to appear in the compiler output. By default, the actual name of the source code file is used. The file name must be in double quotation marks ("") and must be preceded by a line number.
Beginning with C# 10, you can use a new form of the #line directive:
#line (1, 1) - (5, 60) 10 "partial-class.cs"
/*34567*/int b = 0;
The components of this form are:
 - (1, 1): The start line and column for the first character on the line that follows the directive. In this example, the next line would be reported as line 1, column 1.
 - (5, 60): The end line and column for the marked region.
 - 10: The column offset for the #line directive to take effect. In this example, the 10th column would be reported as column one. That's where the declaration int b = 0; begins. This field is optional. If omitted, the directive takes effect on the first column.
 - "partial-class.cs": The name of the output file.
The preceding example would generate the following warning:
partial-class.cs(1,5,1,6): warning CS0219: The variable 'b' is assigned but its value is never used
After remapping, the variable, b


text:
Carraízo Dam facts for kids
Quick facts for kidsCarraízo Dam
Carraízo Dam in 2007
Location of Carraízo Dam in Puerto Rico
|Official name||Carraízo Dam|
|Location||Trujillo Alto, Puerto Rico|
|Purpose||Water storage, recreation|
|Construction cost||$60 million|
|Owner(s)||Puerto Rico Aqueducts and Sewers Authority|
|Dam and spillways|
|Type of dam||Concrete gravity|
|Impounds||Río Grande de Loíza|
|Height||44 m (144 ft)|
|Length||210 m (690 ft)|
|Width (crest)||45 ft (14 m)|
|Width (base)||30 m (98 ft)|
|Dam volume||26,800,000 m3 (35,100,000 cu yd)|
Carraízo Dam is a concrete gravity dam located in the municipality of Trujillo Alto, Puerto Rico within the flow of the Río Grande de Loíza. Its construction was completed in 1953. Carraízo Dam impounds Loíza Lake which serves as Puerto Rico's main water reservoir.
Background and construction
At the end of the 1940s, the Puerto Rico Aqueducts and Sewers Authority (PRASA) proposed the construction of a dam at the Río Grande de Loíza in the Barrio Carraízo of Trujillo Alto with the intention of providing both water and electricity to the San Juan Metropolitan Area.
Construction of the dam began in 1950 and finished in 1954. As part of the construction, the dam included three hydroelectric turbines with a total capacity of 3 Megawatts for the provision of electricity. However, during the 1960s and 1970s, the turbines were shut down because their operation and maintenance wasn't considered cost-effective versus the cost of buying energy at the time.
In 1989 Hurricane Hugo caused overtopping of the dam, thereby flooding the hydroelectric facility and rendering it inoperable. It stayed closed until 2013, when PRASA elected to renovate the facility.
Carraízo dam is a concrete gravity dam. It features eight floodgates along its 210-meter body. The floodgates open at a height of 1 to 10 meters, but they are usually opened at 4 meters. The reservoir created by the Carraízo Dam is the Loíza Lake. Carraízo's water storage capacity is of 4,650,000 gallons, and 41.15 meters is its peak level.
Carraízo Dam Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.


How to import and export data in R
R Tutorial 2.0
In the series of R, here comes the second article.
The article covers : how to import an external data file in R and how to create an external data file from R-Dataset.
So are you ready ?
Please make sample .csv and .txt files and save it in a particular folder in your PC. You can paste the following data in your sample file.
Gender,Name,Claim_Amount
Male,Naveen,10000
Male,Mahesh,15000
Male,Rajiv,7500
Female,Neeta,18000
Female,Geeta,12000
Let's first learn importing of data :
There are multiple ways of importing data, we can choose the suitable method based on situation.
First we will import .csv file :
Data_1 = read.csv(file.choose(), header = TRUE)
Above command would prompt a window, where you can explore and choose a file to import. Select the file and you are done. header = TRUE option tells R that data file has first row as names of columns.
File.choose option needs manual intervention, you can also specify the location & name of file for automation perspective.
Data_2 = read.csv("G:/KMS/Learning R/Working Folder/Raw Data/Sample.csv", header = TRUE)
Results are same.
Let's now import .txt file :
Data_3 = read.table(file.choose(), header = TRUE,sep = ",")
or
Data_4 = read.table("G:/KMS/Learning R/Working Folder/Raw Data/Sample.txt", header = TRUE, sep = ",")
sep = "," defines "," is delimiter. Suppose, we have any other delimiter such as "tab", "~" "|" or anything else, we can specify the same using this options.
For a tab delimited file we can use : "\t"
Data_5 = read.table(file.choose(), header = TRUE, sep = "\t")
or
Data_6 = read.table("G:/KMS/Learning R/Working Folder/Raw Data/Sample.txt", header = TRUE, sep = "\t")
By now you must have realized that R reads the location in your PC with a "/" instead of normal "\". So you have to change the location manually while copying it from address bar in windows. You can use either "\\" or "/".

Let's now import a complex data :
Suppose we have a data file - complex data.txt which is a "~" delimited file with no header and has following data:
1~AGKE~08/03/1999~$10.49
2~SBKE~12/18/2002~$11.00
3~SEEK~10/23/1995~$5.00
4~AGBN~08/03/1999~$11.49
5~KLPD~12/18/2002~$13.00
6~LOTR~10/23/1995~$15.00
Now let's see how such data can be imported and transformed into usable format.
Data_7 = read.table("G:/KMS/Learning R/Working Folder/Raw Data/Complex Data.txt", header = FALSE, sep = "~")
Data_7
Data is imported and looks like :
Let's now give proper names to columns and also give formats to columns as right now V3 and V4 are in character format.
# Use attach to directly refer to Data_7
attach(Data_7)
# First we create 4 individual vectors from columns and transform
id = V1
name = as.character(V2)
datevar = as.Date(as.character(V3), "%m/%d/%Y")
cost = as.numeric(substr(V4,2,100))
Data_7_transformed
# now we can create a data using vectors
Data_7_transformed= cbind(id,name,datevar,cost)
What's those values in datevar ... it's looking like numbers instead of dates !
Yes, that's how R stores the date. The number actually is the number of days from 1 Jan 1970 (base date of R. R considers this date as 0.)
To understand better, run this :
x = as.numeric(as.Date(as.character("01/01/1970"), "%m/%d/%Y"))
If you want to show the data in date format itself, you can format it.
# First we create 4 individual vectors from columns and transform
id = V1
name = as.character(V2)
datevar = format(as.Date(as.character(V3), "%m/%d/%Y"),format='%m/%d/%Y')
cost = as.numeric(substr(V4,2,100))
Data_7_new
# now we can create a data using vectors
Data_7_new = cbind(id,name,datevar,cost)
Although column V3 and datevar of Data_7 and Data_7_new respectively looks same, but it is different. First one is character and second one is date format.
That's sufficient to learn in starting, with time, we would learn more about importing in depth. Let's proceed to Export portion now, which is much easier and not much time taking.
Exporting means creating an external file from a R data.
In order to export a data to pipe ( | ) delimited .txt file, we can use the following code:
write.table(Data_7_new, "G:/KMS/Learning R/Working Folder/Raw Data/file_name.txt", quote = TRUE, sep="|", row.name = FALSE)
or to export in a .csv format :
write.csv(Data_7_new, "G:/KMS/Learning R/Working Folder/Raw Data/file_name.csv", row.names = F)
Although there are other options too in the code, but we have used only important one.
"Quote" options enables us to keep the data qualified or non-qualified.
"row.name = FALSE " doesn't give unnecessary row ID along with data.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Please be very careful while working with dates in R. For example while defining the format '%m/%d/%Y' and '%m/%d/%y' are different.
 '%m/%d/%Y' reads and writes the year in 4 digit format ( e.g. 2008,1998)
'%m/%d/%y' reads and writes the year in 2 digit format ( e.g. 08,98)
We would cover more on it in another blog further.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Enjoy reading our other articles and stay tuned with ...
Kindly do provide your feedback in the 'Comments' Section and share as much as possible.


text:
On Thursday Federal Minister for Science and Technology Fawad Chaudhry said PM Imran Khan agreed with the first drone authority to propose a plan to improve the local drone manufacturing industry and to upgrade the Agriculture Sector to facilitate the country's growth and prosperity.
He said that the PTI-led government launched drone technology for research in various industries like logistics, agriculture, and others for important factors in different parts of the world.
Fawad said that drones were originally used mainly for defensive purposes but were now a very valuable surveillance tool for the police and agricultural industries. In addition, drone technology is now being used in agriculture where the sowing of seed and fertilizer was accomplished by using drones. He claimed two companies are now started preparing drones in the country.
He explained, that in the next three years drone technology will be made easy for everyone in the country to use. Pakistan's Agriculture Sector is gradually being turned into a high-technology industry by digital services and drone technologies. He also clarified that in drones software technology country was independently sufficient, but in hardware technology, we are a little bit far from it where we need to focus more".
He also declared that the government would soon formulate a strategy to promote commercial 3D printing and to help domestic industries to overcome technical and economic obstacles in order to develop relevantly and supporting technological facilities for world leaders. The Federal Minister also said the government was designed to transform the country into a 'technological power' and local fans and other medical equipment had been produced on the basis of under the 'Made in Pakistan' vision.
In the current year, he said that Pakistan will also start local production for dialysis and X-ray machines, and the credit goes to the PTI-led government, which is now in a race with India, other developed countries, to manufacture its own goods.
In response to an Electric Vehicles Policy Issue, he added that EV could be a better alternative to fuel-based cars to reduce air pollution and the government has aimed at making Pakistan into a 100 percent electric car country within the next five years.
He further claimed as the government has further removed additional customs duty (ACD) and accounting services and tax on EV imports as governments throughout the world were trying to make this technology affordable through different financial and fiscal incentives including disbursement of direct financial subsidy
Fawad recommended young people use technologies to learn information and life skills to address and lead challenges. He said youth need to know how to work as communities and use digital tools.


Liquid-liquid extraction system with microstructured coiled flow inverter and other capillary setups for single-stage extraction applications
Article
Kurt, S.K., Vural - Gursel, I., Hessel, V., Nigam, K.D.P. & Kockmann, N. (2016). Liquid-liquid extraction system with microstructured coiled flow inverter and other capillary setups for single-stage extraction applications. Chemical Engineering Journal, 284, 764-777. In Scopus Cited 25 times.
Read more: DOI Medialink/Full text
Abstract

Process intensification via miniaturization has become an attractive research field for industry and R&D especially for the production of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals due to enhanced mass and heat transport. Fabrication of helically coiled tubular devices (HCTDs) in micro-scale can further enhance the mass and heat transfer due to the formation of secondary flow profile at laminar flow. Liquid–liquid (L–L) mass transfer performance of different microstructured HCTDs were investigated for slug flow patterns. A complete microextraction system was constructed and characterized including a T-junction (T-mixer) for slug flow generation, HCTDs as residence time units (RTUs), and a continuously working in-line phase splitter for an instantaneous phase separation. RTUs were fabricated by using fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) tubes (ID = 1 mm). EFCE test system, namely, n-butyl acetate/acetone/water system was chosen as an extraction system for the mass transfer characterization. The total volumetric flow rate and the volumetric flow ratio of aqueous to organic phase were varied in the range of 1–8 mL min−1 and 0.5–2.0, respectively. Effects of residence time, flow ratio, and the generation of secondary flow profile, i.e. Dean vortices on L–L mass transfer were investigated and results were compared with straight capillaries. Results revealed that a certain type of HCTD, i.e. coiled flow inverter (CFI) offers higher extraction efficiencies up to 20% in comparison to straight capillaries at constant residence times. Additionally, it was found that for slug flow patterns, Dean vortices provide enhanced L–L mass transfer compared to Taylor vortices that occur in straight capillaries. A complete, continuously operated microextraction system was developed for single-stage applications, where very small liquid hold-ups and longer residence times are required due to slower mass transfer rates.


for small fixed-size vector/matrix operations
If your application involves many small (< 100 element) arrays of fixed sizes (i.e. the size is known prior to execution), then you might want to consider using the StaticArrays.jl package. This package allows you to represent such arrays in a way that avoids unnecessary heap allocations and allows the compiler to specialize code for the size of the array, e.g. by completely unrolling vector operations (eliminating the loops) and storing elements in CPU registers.
For example, if you are doing computations with 2d geometries, you might have many computations with 2-component vectors. By using the SVector type from StaticArrays.jl, you can use convenient vector notation and operations like norm(3v - w) on vectors v and w, while allowing the compiler to unroll the code to a minimal computation equivalent to @inbounds hypot(3v[1]-w[1], 3v[2]-w[2]).
Avoid string interpolation for I/O
When writing data to a file (or other I/O device), forming extra intermediate strings is a source of overhead. Instead of:
println(file, "$a $b")
use:
println(file, a, " ", b)
The first version of the code forms a string, then writes it to the file, while the second version writes values directly to the file. Also notice that in some cases string interpolation can be harder to read. Consider:
println(file, "$(f(a))$(f(b))")
versus:
println(file, f(a), f(b))
Optimize network I/O during parallel execution
When executing a remote function in parallel:
using Distributed
responses = Vector{Any}(undef, nworkers())
@sync begin
 for (idx, pid) in enumerate(workers())
 @async responses[idx] = remotecall_fetch(foo, pid, args...)
 end
end
is faster than:
using Distributed
refs = Vector{Any}(undef, nworkers())
for (idx, pid) in enumerate(workers())
 refs[idx] = @spawnat pid foo(args...)
end
responses = [fetch(r) for r in refs]
The former results in a single network round-trip to every worker, while the latter results in two network calls - first by the @spawnat and the second due to the fetch (or even a wait). The fetch/wait is also being executed serially resulting in an overall poorer performance.
Fix deprecation warnings
A deprecated function internally performs a lookup in order to print a relevant warning only once. This extra lookup can cause a significant slowdown, so all uses of deprecated functions should be modified as suggested by the warnings.
Tweaks
These are some minor points that might help in tight inner loops.
 - Avoid unnecessary arrays. For example, instead of sum([x,y,z]) use x+y+z.
 - Use abs2(z) instead of abs(z)^2 for complex z. In general, try to rewrite code to use abs2 instead of abs for complex arguments.
 - Use div(x,y) for truncating division of integers instead of trunc(x/y), fld(x,y) instead of floor(x/y), and cld(x,y) instead of ceil(x/y).
Performance Annotations
Sometimes you can enable better optimization by promising certain program properties.
 - Use @inbounds to eliminate array bounds checking within expressions. Be certain before doing this. If the subscripts are ever out of bounds, you may suffer crashes or silent corruption.
 - Use @fastmath to allow floating point optimizations that are correct for real numbers, but lead to differences for IEEE numbers. Be careful when doing this, as this may change numerical results. This corresponds to the -ffast-math option of clang.
 - Write @simd in front of for loops to promise that the iterations are independent and may be reordered. Note that in many cases, Julia can automatically vectorize code without the @simd macro; it is only beneficial in cases where such a transformation would otherwise be illegal, including cases like allowing floating-point re-associativity and ignoring dependent memory accesses (@simd ivdep). Again, be very careful when asserting @simd as erroneously annotating a loop with dependent iterations may result in unexpected results. In particular, note that setindex! on some AbstractArray subtypes is inherently dependent upon iteration order. This feature is experimental and could change or disappear in future versions of Julia.
The common idiom of using 1:n to index into an AbstractArray is not safe if the Array uses unconventional indexing, and may cause a segmentation fault if bounds checking is turned off. Use LinearIndices(x) or eachindex(x) instead (see also [Arrays with custom indices](@ref man-custom-indices)).
توجه
While @simd needs to be placed directly in front of an innermost for loop, both @inbounds and @fastmath can be applied to either single expressions or all the expressions that appear within nested blocks of code, e.g., using @inbounds begin or @inbounds for ....
Here is an example with both @inbounds and @simd markup (we here use @noinline to prevent the optimizer from trying to be too clever and defeat our benchmark):
@noinline function inner(x, y)
 s = zero(eltype(x))
 for i=eachindex(x)
 @inbounds s += x[i]*y[i]
 end
 return s
end
@noinline function innersimd(x, y)
 s = zero(eltype(x))
 @simd for i = eachindex(x)
 @inbounds s += x[i] * y[i]
 end
 return s
end
function timeit(n, reps)
 x = rand(Float32, n)
 y = rand(Float32, n)
 s = zero(Float64)
 time = @elapsed for j in 1:reps
 s += inner(x, y)
 end
 println("GFlop/sec = ", 2n*reps / time*1E-9)
 time = @elapsed for j in 1:reps
 s += innersimd(x, y)
 end
 println("GFlop/sec (SIMD) = ", 2n*reps / time*1E-9)
end
timeit(1000, 1000)
On a computer with a 2.4GHz Intel Core i5 processor, this produces:
GFlop/sec = 1.9467069505224963
GFlop/sec (SIMD) = 17.578554163920018
(GFlop/sec measures the performance, and larger numbers are better.)
Here is an example with all three kinds of markup. This program first calculates the finite difference of a one-dimensional array, and then evaluates the L2-norm of the result:
function init!(u::Vector)
 n = length(u)
 dx = 1.0 / (n-1)
 @fastmath @inbounds @simd for i in 1:n #by asserting that 'u' is a 'Vector' we can assume it has 1-based indexing
 u[i] = sin(2pi*dx*i)
 end
end
function deriv!(u::Vector, du)
 n = length(u)
 dx = 1.0 / (n-1)
 @fastmath @inbounds du[1] = (u[2] - u[1]) / dx
 @fastmath @inbounds @simd for i in 2:n-1
 du[i] = (u[i+1] - u[i-1]) / (2*dx)
 end
 @fastmath @inbounds du[n] = (u[n] - u[n-1]) / dx
end
function mynorm(u::Vector)
 n = length(u)
 T = eltype(u)
 s = zero(T)
 @fastmath @inbounds @simd for i in 1:n
 s += u[i]^2
 end
 @fastmath @inbounds return sqrt(s)
end
function main()
 n = 2000
 u = Vector{Float64}(undef, n)
 init!(u)
 du = similar(u)
 deriv!(u, du)
 nu = mynorm(du)
 @time for i in 1:10^6
 deriv!(u, du)
 nu = mynorm(du)
 end
 println(nu)
end
main()
On a computer with a 2.7 GHz Intel Core i7 processor, this produces:
$ julia wave.jl;
 1


7.6.2.2125
REFILL

BLOCK EXT

( -- flag )
Extend the execution semantics of 6.2.2125 REFILL with the following:
When the input source is a block, make the next block the input source and current input buffer by adding one to the value of BLK and setting >IN to zero. Return true if the new value of BLK is a valid block number, otherwise false.


Come Together People take a catalyst role. It develops strategic alliances and partnerships to create projects in carefully selected sites, which in turn benefits our local communities and other communities on a global scale.
The organisation uses music and cultural events as tools to fundraise and promote unity.
The organisation does not function as a traditional grant-making agency. Instead, using established programming parameters, the Foundation conceptualises and launches projects with credible and experienced implementation partners.
Net profits from Come Together people events goes to support organisations and initiatives that develop and implement sustainable community and family oriented programmes, and thereby aspire to ensure normal development and education for all children and young people.
To ensure the success of this mission,
Come Together People has developed
programs and partnerships
in the following areas:
 · Health
 · Education
 · Economic empowerment
 · Racial, ethnic and religious
 · Music and entertainment
 · Event production
How We Work and fundraise:
In partnership with artists, music
and sports industry we:
1. organize music and cultural events
2. organize sports events
Global Community aid:
1. We help and advocate for children in need
2. We help and advocate for homeless people
3. We help and advocate for the hungry
4. We help and advocate for peace and equality


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Possible Duplicate:
Flatten a list using only the forms in "The Little Schemer"
I simply want to turn '(a b (c d) e) into '(a b c d e) (i.e., insert each member of the inner list into the outer list, while maintaining the order of the elements).
There has to be a simple way to do this, but it eludes me for some reason.
share|improve this question
marked as duplicate by Barmar, iMat, jonsca, Vikdor, Jason Sturges Sep 28 '12 at 3:16
Spoiler: _URL_. (If this is for homework, please don't read that thread until you've tried solving it first!) – Chris Jester-Young Sep 28 '12 at 0:50
1 Answer 1
You see that '(a b (c d) e) is a tree, don't you? Something like
In this representation, nodes are lists, and leafs are symbols. What you could do, it print all the leafs of the tree:
 1. if the tree is empty (= is the empty list), then stop
 2. If the tree is not empty, then
 1. If the tree's CAR is a symbol, print it, then process the CDR of the tree
 2. If the tree's CAR is a list, process the CAR of the tree, then process the CDR o the tree
Once you do that, you'll replace "print" by "put the value somewhere". Hopefully, that should lead you to what you want.
share|improve this answer


text:
Myth, Symbol, and Meaning in Mary Poppins
Published November 22nd 2006 by Routledge – 224 pages
The Mary Poppins that many people know of today--a stern, but sweet, loveable, and reassuring British nanny--is a far cry from the character created by Pamela Lyndon Travers in the 1930's. Instead, this is the Mary Poppins reinvented by Disney in the eponymous movie. This book sheds light on the original Mary Poppins,
Myth, Symbol, and Meaning in Mary Poppins is the only full-length study that covers all the Mary Poppins books, exposing just how subversive the pre-Disney Mary Poppins character truly was. Drawing important parallels between the character and the life of her creator, who worked as a governess herself, Grilli reveals the ways in which Mary Poppins came to unsettle the rigid and rigorous rules of Victorian and Edwardian society that most governesses embodied, taught, and passed on to their charges.
Giorgia Grilli teaches children's literature at the University of Bologna. She has published four books on children's literature in Italian.


text:
Want to stay on top of all the space news? Follow _USER_ on Twitter
Researcher Jinha Lee at MIT has developed a remarkable way to interact with computers — via a programmable, intelligent and gravity-defying metal ball.
The concept, called "ZeroN", is demonstrated in the video above. Fascinating!
Using magnets and computer-controlled motors, ZeroN hovers in mid-air between two control units. Its movements can be pre-programmed or it can react to objects in its environment, and it can apparently "learn" new movements as it is interacted with.
Lee demonstrates how it could be used to control camera positions in 3D applications, and (my favorite) model the motions of planets and stars.
"ZeroN is about liberating materials from the constraints of space and time by blending the physical and digital world," Lee states on his website.
ZeroN is still in its development stages and obviously needs refining (the 3D camera isn't much use if the ball is wobbling) but the premise is interesting. I can see something like this being, at the very least, a mesmerizing interactive display for museums, classrooms and multimedia presentations.
Of course, with a little ingenuity a whole world of applications could open up for such a zero-g interface. (I'm sure Tony Stark already has a dozen on pre-order!)


Can you embroider on Cricut vinyl?
Can you use Cricut vinyl for embroidery?
Can embroidery be done on vinyl?
Can Cricut embroider?
Learn how to create an embroidery pattern with Cricut in this simple tutorial! The great part of this tutorial is it can be applied to any machine in the Explore or Maker line! … All you need is Design Space and a Cricut washable fabric pen.
IT IS INTERESTING: Question: Do weighted blankets make you hot?
Can you embroider with a sewing machine?
Can you sew through iron on vinyl?
Happy Friday! Also, you can sew through it easily. … There are so many projects that can be enhanced with vinyl.
What needle do I use to embroider vinyl?
Use a size 11 or 75/11 sharp sewing needle. A sharp sewing needle has a smaller, finer point than an embroidery needle. That means it will make smaller holes in the vinyl. Attach the hoop to the machine and load the design.
Can Cricut make embroidery designs?
Can a Cricut machine do embroidery? No. While a Cricut machine is somewhat similar to an embroidery machine in that both create designs based on digital data, a Cricut machine can only cut and draw based on the information supplied to the machine by the computer.
Can a Cricut make patches?
As much as other people love the tattered look, it's just not for me. But, I knew I could patch them in a jiffy using my Cricut. These patches are made using pre-designed shapes in Design Space.
Can you use a Cricut to make patches?
IT IS INTERESTING: Frequent question: What are the Easter eggs in Lilo and Stitch?
Can you embroider plastic?
Embroidering on Plastic Mesh: General Tips
Cross-stitch and redwork will not work on mesh. Photo-stitch designs are too complicated for the simple and casual appearance of plastic mesh and beach totes. Hoop the plastic mesh with water soluble stabilizer under the mesh, just as you would do with fabric.
Can you embroider oilcloth?
Oilcloth fabric is similar to vinyl, and this technique can be used for embroidering on that fabric as well. There are a few different kinds of oilcloth and vinyl commonly found in fabric stores. Choose the kind that has a knit or fuzzy back, as that helps to keep the oilcloth from tearing with the needle perforations.
Can you hand embroider leather?
You can even get started right away by making a leather card case. Similar to embroidering on wood, the secret to hand stitching leather lies in pre-poking the holes. Once you do that, the embroidery is easy.


text:
The purpose of this blog is to discuss ways that a veteran without a 100% VA disability rating can use Total Disability/Individual Unemployability (TDIU) to achieve the same results. Although many veterans seek to qualify for a 100% disability rating based on one or more disabilities, the reality of reaching this goal is quite difficult based on the VA's rating schedule. The reason for this difficulty is the fact that many disabilities do not have ratings criteria that reaches 100%, and for those disabilities that can be rated at 100%, the requirements to qualify are usually extremely narrow and subjective.
The formula used by the VA when combining more than one rating also makes the likelihood of reaching a 100% rating very difficult. For example, a veteran with one disability rated at 70% is considered by the VA as being 30% "non-disabled." Any further disability ratings affects only the remaining 30% portion of the veteran. Therefore a 70% rating combined with a 70% rating is not a 140% rating. It is 70% + 21% (30 X.70) = 90% (91% is rounded down to 90%). As one can see, as a veteran nears a 100% rating it will take higher and higher additional ratings to increase the veterans overall rating even by 1% on the combined scale.
Because a 100% schedular rating is so difficult to reach for most veterans, an alternative mechanism called TDIU is also used by the VA. TDIU helps veterans, who are no longer employable due to their service connected disabilities, to achieve a 100% service connected rating, even though their schedular disability rating is lower than 100%.
Although most disabled veterans have heard of TDIU, there exists many misconceptions about TDIU and how to utilize TDIU effectively. The most common misunderstanding about TDIU is that it is a separate claim. In fact, TDIU can be considered in conjunction with an underlying claim for an increased evaluation. An additional misconception is that TDIU only applies to individuals with particular disabilities or rating levels.
When determining TDIU, the VA can only consider service connected disabilities and their effect on a veteran's ability to obtain and maintain gainful employment. Any disability, no matter how severe, which is not service connected cannot be a basis for TDIU. Besides being determined solely upon service connected disabilities, TDIU traditionally can be considered only if:
- The veteran has one service connected disability rated at 60% or higher; or
- If the veteran has a combined service connected disability rating of 70% and at least one disability rated at 40%.
When considering the single disability rating requirement of 60% or 40% as discussed, the VA will often miss the fact that many types of disabilities can be grouped together and treated as a single disability. For example, disabilities to both arms or both legs can be combined and treated as a single disability for purposes of TDIU. In addition, multiple disabilities that arose out of a single disease or accident can also be combined into a single disability for the purpose of TDIU.
Beyond the "schedular" application of TDIU, which requires ratings of 60% for a single disability and 70% for multiple disabilities (at least one disability rated at 40%), VA regulations also provide for consideration of "extraschedular" TDIU, when there is a single disability that does not meet the minimum rating requirements but the veteran is still unable to maintain gainful employment. For example, a veteran who suffers a single disability of the back may have a rating of 40%. This rating on its own would not reach the rating requirements for schedular TDIU; however, this veteran may still not be able to stand, sit or walk for sufficient amounts of time to allow the veteran to maintain gainful employment. Because the rating criteria does not allow for a higher rating for the back, and the veteran cannot maintain gainful employment, the regulations provide an extraschedular mechanism for the VA to grant TDIU. In this example, the veteran does not meet the minimum rating requirement for traditional TDIU, however, because a veteran cannot maintain gainful employment due to a service connected disability, the VA may grant TDIU if the veteran files for a rating increase and proves he is unemployable.
The bottom line is that veterans have alternative pathways of achieving a 100% disability rating. Many times the VA does not adequately consider these alternatives and it is important that denied claims are appealed and the claim is developed properly with evidence showing how the veteran's disabilities prevent the veteran from obtaining and maintaining gainful employment. If a veteran cannot work due to one or more service connected disabilities, the veteran is entitled to Total Disability/Individual Unemployability (TDIU).


text:
Susan E. Burns, Ph.D., P.E., F.ASCE is a Professor in the School of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Dr. Burns earned a B.C.E. Civil Engineering (1990), M.S. Civil Engineering (1996), M.S. Environmental Engineering (1996), and Ph.D. in Civil Engineering (1997), all from Georgia Tech. After completing her Ph.D., Professor Burns joined the faculty at the University of Virginia where she served for over seven years. In 2004, she joined the faculty at Georgia Tech as an Associate Professor. Dr. Burns' research focuses on applications in geoenvironmental engineering, with particular emphasis on the productive reuse of waste materials including dredged sediments, fly ash, and biomass fly ash, treatment of highway stormwater runoff using engineered materials, erosion control of soils on highway rights-of-way, interfacial behavior of organic- and inorganic-coated soils, the transport and behavior of microbubbles in otherwise saturated porous media, and the hydraulic conductivity and consolidation properties of fine-grained soils using seismic piezocone penetration testing (SPCPT). Funding for her research group has come from federal, state, and industry sources, including a CAREER Award from the National Science Foundation in 2000. Dr. Burns has also received major funding from the US Department of Energy, the US Army Corps of Engineers, the US Department of Education, the Virginia Transportation Research Council, the Georgia Department of Transportation, Southern Company, and other industrial sources. Dr. Burns is a recipient of the National Science Foundation CAREER award, the Arthur Casagrande Professional Development Award (ASCE), the Edmund Friedman Young Engineer Award (ASCE), the Alumni Board of Trustees Teaching Award (University of Virginia), and the David Harrison III Award for Undergraduate Advising (University of Virginia). She was awarded a University Teaching Fellowship (University of Virginia), and was named a Class of 1969 Teaching Scholar (Georgia Tech) and a Class of 1969 Teaching Fellow (Georgia Tech). Most recently, she was selected as the recipient of the 2012 CEE appreciation award (CEE, Georgia Tech) and a 2012 Class of 1934 Teaching Effectiveness Award. She was elected Fellow of the American Society of Civil Engineers in 2013. Dr. Burns has served as the president of the United States Universities Council on Geotechnical Education and Research (USUCGER), an organization of approximately 400 professors of geotechnical engineering in the US and abroad (_URL_). She is a past member of the National Research Council's (NRC) Standing Committee on Geological and Geotechnical Engineering, and a past member of the NRC's Committee on Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Waste Containment Barriers. She has chaired the American Society of Civil Engineers/GeoInstitute Geoenvironmental Engineering Committee, and is a past member of the GeoInstitute Awards Committee, and the Transportation Research Board's Committee on Physicochemical Phenomena in Soils. Additionally, she served as an editorial board member for ASCE's Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. She served on the organizing committee for the International Symposium on Deformational Characteristics of Geomaterials (IS Atlanta 2008) and the Fifth International Conference on Scour and Erosion, and served as the editor for proceedings at both conferences. At Georgia Tech, Dr. Burns has chaired the School of Civil and Environmental Engineering's Graduate Committee, served on the School's Statutory Advisory Committee, served as the Graduate Coordinator for the Geosystems Group, and served as the group leader for the Geosystems Group in the School of Civil and Environmental Engineering. She was the School's Associate Chair for Undergraduate Programs for five years before taking over as Associate Chair for Finance and Administration in 2018. At the Institute level, she has served as a member of the Academic Senate and General Faculty Assembly and the Student Academic and Financial Affairs Committee.
Geoenvironmental engineering , Engineered materials , Physical and chemical behavior of soils , Transport of microbubbles