Diagnostics Guide
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The Oracle JRockit JVM Starts Slowly
One major benefit of the Oracle JRockit JVM is that it is a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiling JVM (see How the JRockit JVM Compiles Code for information on how code is compiled), meaning the first time the JVM runs a method it is compiled into machine code. The JVM compiles all the classes to native code the first time they are called. This slows down the application run at startup when a lot of new methods are compiled, but in return the methods will run fast already the second time they're invoked. The methods most often run will later be recompiled by the JRockit JVM and therefore optimized further for the following runs, ensuring that your application runs even faster.
This section describes how you can recognize and troubleshoot a slow-starting JVM. It includes information on the following subjects:

Possible Causes Behind a Slow Start
There are several possible causes for your application to seem slow in the beginning.
Special Note If You Recently Switched JVMs to the JRockit JVM
If you've recently switched from another JVM to the JRockit JVM, you might think the JVM is starting too slowly. This is particularly noteworthy if you've switched to the JRockit JVM as your production JVM from a third-party development JVM. Actually, what might appear to be a slow start is normal operation. The JRockit JVM is designed for use with long-running applications. As such, you should expect longer start-up times as code is compiled and optimized. The JVM is not starting slow, it just has more information to process during startup. Once all of the methods are compiled, the JVM should run much faster.

Diagnosing a Slow JVM Startup
To see if your application compiles a lot of methods in the beginning of the run, you can start it with the option -Xverbose:codegen.
With this option set, the following information will be shown about the method that is being compiled: name, memory location, duration of the compilation, and the amount of time that has passed since the compilation started. See Listing 26-1 for an example of a -Xverbose:codegen print out.
Listing 26-1 -Xverbose:codegen
[codegen] #775 1 (0x2) n jrockit/memory/AtomicInt.<init>(I)V
[codegen] #775 1 (0x2) n @0x7D62ED90-0x7D62ED9C 0.09 ms (277.99 ms)
[codegen] #776 1 (0x2) n jrockit/memory/AtomicInt.set(I)V
[codegen] #776 1 (0x2) n @0x7D62EDA0-0x7D62EDAA 0.08 ms (278.06 ms)
Conversely, if you have a lot of methods that need to be compiled during startup, you will have a fairly long startup time compared to if you would have few.
Once the JIT compilation is complete, the compiled methods will no longer need as much time to run; however, the JRockit JVM continuously optimizes frequently-used methods during the application run which, at times, can give the appearance of the JVM running slowly.

Diagnosing a Slow Application Startup
The startup time can also be extended if you have an application that is searching for a certain file, for example, a data file. If you suspect that your application is causing the slow start, create a JRA recording and analyze the application data in the JRockit Runtime Analyzer. This tool is included in Oracle JRockit Mission Control.
If you are running the JRockit JVM R27.1 or later with JRockit Mission Control 2.0 or later, complete instructions for creating and interpreting a JRA recording are available from the Oracle JRockit Mission Control online help.

Timing with nanoTime() and currentTimeMillis()
To measure timing inside your application you can use the methods System.nanoTime() and System.currentTimeMillis() in your application. Inserting these methods in your application will, of course, consume resources at runtime but the performance impact should be minimal.
System.nanoTime()
This method returns a monotonic timer value by using the most precise available system timer. The returned value is in nanoseconds, however the factual resolution of the timer can vary between OS and hardware. Note that there is no conventional zero point to which you can relate the timer value. Hence, you must take the time at least twice in order to get any meaningful data.
nanoTime() uses different methods on different operating systems:
To get information about timer resolution and, on Linux, the method used to get a time value, start the JRockit JVM with the option -Xverbose:timing.
Here is an example of a verbose timing report on Windows:
[INFO ][timing ] Counter timer using resolution of 1779720000Hz
System.currentTimeMillis()
This method returns the current time in milliseconds. The current time is defined as the time since 00:00:00 UTC, January 1, 1970.
Milliseconds and nanotime at application startup
To get the values of System.currentTimeMillis() and System.nanoTime() at the time the JVM started, use the command line option -Xverbose:starttime. Verbose output for starttime might look like this:
[startti] VM start time: 1152871839957 millis 171588375730523 nanos
The millis value is the same value that System.currentTimeMillis() would provide and the nanos value is the same value that System.nanoTime() would provide.

Recommended Solutions for a Slow Start
This section provides information on possible solutions for a slow start.
Tune for Faster Startup
Sometimes the problem may be with how the JVM is tuned using command line options. See Tuning For Faster JVM Startup for tips on how to tune the JVM for faster startup.
Eliminate Optimization Problems
Since, on some rare occasions, optimization can be the cause of a slow start, you should eliminate it as a cause before you move on to any other solution.
If you suspect that the problem is with optimization, you can disable optimization completely by starting the JVM with the -XnoOpt startup command. This command tells the JVM not to optimize any code. If the JRockit JVM starts more quick after running with -XnoOpt, you can assume your are experiencing optimization problems. You should report this to Oracle Support.
As a workaround you can try to exclude methods that take too long to optimize. To do so, use the Ctrl-Break Handler print_threads to make a thread dump (please refer to Running Diagnostic Commands for more information). This output will identify any methods that are causing optimization problems. You can then use an optfile to exclude that method from the optimization process (please refer to Creating and Using an Optfile for more information).
Eliminate Application Problems
If you determine that the slow start is due to problems in your Java application, you need to investigate what is causing that problem from the application viewpoint. The problem will most likely be with a method that is the victim of unnecessary synchronization or an insufficient number of synchronized resources. Try to locate the methods that are causing the bottleneck and, if possible, rewrite the code of your Java application.
Open a Case with Oracle Support
If you feel that it is the Oracle JRockit JVM that is taking too long to generate the code for each method or if none of the tuning solutions suggested in Tuning For Faster JVM Startup resolve the problem, you will need to open a case with Oracle Support. You can find instructions on how to report a problem to Oracle, including the sort of information to include, in Submitting Problems to Oracle Support
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Correlation between Psychotypes and Biotypes
By |2019-05-07T11:15:33+00:00August 2nd, 2007|Categories: 2007 IEA Global Conference, Audio|
Enneagram character typology is used in a psychology and human growth context. Relations between psycho-types and biotypes are infrequent and few investigations relate enneatypes with specific biotypes to assess if a correlation exits. The purpose of our research was to establish relations between psycho-enneatypes and [...]
Correlation between Enneatypes and Specific Organic Disorders
By |2019-05-07T11:16:05+00:00August 3rd, 2006|Categories: 2006 IEA Global Conference, Audio|
The characteristics and particularities that compose each Enneagram type are commonly used in transpersonal psychology and human growth. However, the Enneagram is not frequently applied in clinical medicine or related investigations in psychology and medicine about psychotypes and specific organic disorders. This study attempts to [...]


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Favored Strategies for Facing Fiscal Constraint
A 2005 research study finds that, when higher education administrators at public colleges and universities face budget challenges, they prefer generating additional revenue and developing outside partnerships to taking across-the-board cost cuts. Position type also plays a part in determining strategy preferences.
By Mark Garrett
When economic times are tough, decisions about dealing with financial shortfalls vary greatly depending on who's doing the deciding. At least, that's what indicated by the study "The Influence of Financial Pressure on Academic Administrators' Selection of Management and Resource Allocation Strategies," which I conducted in 2005. The study used a survey to explore the type of management and resource allocation strategies that college and university administrators implement to handle fiscal constraint. The most preferred actions were activities that generated additional revenue or developed partnerships with outside entities. The least popular were those strategies that required any type of reduction in, for example, staffing, cost of instruction, or other forms of budget cuts.
While based on responses to earlier periods of economic difficulty, the study provides insight into the wide variety of management and resource allocation options available to higher education leaders and how a leader's position—chief business officer, provost, or academic dean—might affect the decision preference.
In Search of Preferred Strategies
The survey instrument presented 34 statements designed to address the issue of the ways higher education leaders at public institutions would prefer to deal with economic challenges. Each of the statements represented a specific resource allocation or management strategy that can be used to handle fiscal constraint. The survey queried administrators as to how likely they were to adopt a particular strategy, with choices based on a five-point Likert scale ranging from one (never) to five (always).
Examples of the type of resource allocation and management strategies that survey respondents could choose from included deferring maintenance, increasing the number of adjunct faculty, initiating a hiring freeze, and so forth. Use of the Factor Analysis statistical procedure reduced the 34 individual strategies to a total of 8 index variables:
1. Increase revenue generation and partnerships.
2. Increase technology.
3. Introduce innovation.
4. Reduce cost of instruction.
5. Reduce staff positions.
6. Reduce funding.
7. Reduce activities.
8. Adopt across-the-board funding reductions.
The attached table shows the resulting means for each of the 34 management and resource allocation strategies, based on the ranking preferences of provosts, chief financial officers, and academic deans. The higher the mean, the more likely the administrator was to implement the designated strategy. The table is organized by category and includes a miscellaneous category of strategies that did not factor into any of the other eight categories. The overall mean for each category was calculated by adding together the total means for each strategy in that particular category and then dividing by the number of strategies in the designated category. The table is organized such that the category with the highest overall mean is listed first, followed by the second-highest category, and so forth.
Overall, the most popular category of strategies chosen to be implemented by administrators was the one that could be defined as generating additional revenues for the institution and developing partnerships with outside entities. Other popular types of strategies among all administrators included increasing the use of technology, and implementing innovative strategies that focus on improving the overall operations of the institution through resource sharing and a greater emphasis on teamwork.
The categories of strategies not favored for implementation by administrators were those that result in any type of reduction, whether in positions, funding, or activities. It would appear that administrators do not want to implement resource allocation and management strategies that they perceive could potentially harm the institution. It should be noted that these are preferences—for example, most institution leaders "prefer" not to have to reduce staff or make other budget cuts. But, we have seen during this recession and others before it that, if necessary, institution leaders can and will make such cuts.
Analyzing the mean responses to specific strategies by category type indicates there are similarities as well as differences among administrators based on their staff positions, as to the likelihood they will implement certain responses to fiscal constraint. Analysis of the eight categories resulted in the following findings:
Increase revenue generation and partnerships. These options were quite popular among all three types of administrators, with the strategies of increasing fundraising and development and cultivating alternative funding sources being the most likely to be implemented of the 34 types presented in this study. Use of the ANOVA (analysis of variance) means tests found the mean difference in responses to the strategy of cultivating alternative funding sources to be statistically significant, with provosts and deans more likely than chief financial officers to prefer this way of dealing with fiscal challenge.
Increase technology. The actions that make up this category are generally favored by all three types of administrators, with provosts and CFOs more likely than deans to implement such initiatives. One only has to look around our campuses to see how much the use of technology has increased in our day-to-day operations and how technology solutions can increase productivity and efficiency.
Introduce innovation. Based on mean responses, it appears that all three categories of administrators were more in favor of implementing new and creative ideas as compared to some of the other types of strategies. CFOs were more likely than provosts and deans to implement reengineering work tasks. It makes sense that CFOs would spend time examining work-related tasks and seeking ways to improve them. However, CFOs indicated that they were less likely than provosts and deans to favor options that emphasize coordination and resource sharing among academic units, which is appropriate given the business officer's areas of focus.
Reduce costs of instruction. These are also popular among all three types of administrators. The cost of instruction can be significant for an institution of higher education, so seeking out methods to reduce this cost while not devaluing quality seems appropriate.
Reduce staff positions. Actions in this category are not overly popular, especially those that result in any reduction in the number of faculty. There is a significant mean difference among strategies that reduce the number of administrative positions, with deans being less likely than provosts and CFOs to opt for such human resources changes. It could be argued that deans are more closely aligned with the staffing needs of their departments and thus are not as willing as other administrators to reduce positions as a cost saver. At the same time, all three types of administrators favored reallocating positions when openings became available, with provosts exhibiting a significantly higher mean response than that of deans and CFOs. It should be noted that, during the current recession, a number of institutions have, in fact, cut positions (many in the adjunct area).
Reduce funding. The options in this category were not favored by those in any of the three surveyed positions. The strategy of deferring maintenance was found to have a statistically significant mean difference among administrators, with academic deans being less inclined toward deferring necessary renovations and upgrades than provosts and CFOs. Similar to the surmised reason why deans would be less willing to reduce positions, it could be argued that deans are also more in tune with the physical needs of their buildings, thus not as accepting as other administrators to deferring maintenance needs.
Reduce activities. Administrators were less likely to select the actions that make up this category. It is conceivable that administrators interpreted these strategies as resulting in a negative circumstance for their institution, and thus were less inclined to consider them.
Adopt across-the-board funding reductions. These options were not favored by administrators, as indicated by mean responses, although CFOs were more willing than provosts and deans to allocate funds based on equal increments across programs. It can be argued that provosts and deans realize the need to allocate additional funds to certain programs based on need, prestige, and other factors.
Miscellaneous strategies. Various resource allocation and management strategies that did not fit in one of the other eight categories were grouped in the miscellaneous section of the table. Although these options could not be categorized, they were still important to the study because of their popularity or lack thereof. For example, the idea of increasing student tuition and fees was favored by all administrators, especially provosts and CFOs. While not popular with the public or elected officials, raising tuition and fees is one sure way of generating additional income. Of course, in many states, the setting of tuition is controlled by the state legislature—so it is sometimes the case that CFOs and presidents might not want to raise tuition or have a preference for that strategy, but they have no other choice than to do so.
The strategies of encouraging the development of new programs, allocating funds based primarily on program needs, decentralizing and revamping administrative functions, and outsourcing services previously provided internally all exhibited significant mean differences in responses depending on administrator type. The strategy of limiting institutional enrollment is not one that is implemented by administrators to any great extent.
MARK GARRETT is graduate programs coordinator, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.

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More GNOME Shell Customization
If you plan to customize the GNOME Shell in any meaningful way, you need to understand the technologies underlying the GNOME Shell and understand how to write a GNOME Shell extension to provide the customization that you require. In this post I delve deeper into the technologies behind the new GNOME Shell and provide sample code for a number of simple extensions which demonstrate how to customize and extend various components of the GNOME Shell user interface.
Essentially, the GNOME Shell is an integrated window manager, compositor, and application launcher. It acts as a composting window manager for the desktop displaying both application windows and other objects in a Clutter scene graph. Most of the UI code is written in JavaScript which accesses Clutter and other underlying libraries via GObject Introspection.
Here is a block diagram of the underlying technologies that support the GNOME Shell as of v3.0:
GNOME3 Shell screenshot
This is a modified version of a diagram that exists on the GNOME website.
The GNOME Shell uses OpenGL to render graphics. OpenGL uses a hardware accelerated pixel format by default but can support software rendering. However, hardware acceleration is required to run the GNOME Shell as it uses a number of 3D capabilities to accelerate the transforms. Most graphics cards less than 3 years old should support hardware acceleration. If hardware acceleration is unavailable, the GNOME Shell defaults back to a modified version of the GNOME 2 Panel. See Vincent Untz's post for further information on this fallback mode. In addition, you can force the GNOME Shell to use the fallback mode via a switch in the Settings, System Info panel. Whether a graphics card supports hardware acceleration or not is determined by a helper application /usr/libexec/gnome-session-is-accelerated which returns either 0 or 1. Another limitation in the 3.0 version of the GNOME shell is that the total horizontal or vertical pixel count of all your monitors must be less than 2048.
int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
 Display *display = NULL;
 int ret = 1;
 display = XOpenDisplay (NULL);
 if (!display) {
 _print_error ("No X display.");
 goto out;
 }
 if (_has_composite (display) != 0) {
 _print_error ("No composite extension.");
 goto out;
 }
 if (_has_hardware_gl (display) != 0) {
 _print_error ("No hardware 3D support.");
 goto out;
 }
 if (_has_texture_from_pixmap (display) != 0) {
 _print_error ("No GLX_EXT_texture_from_pixmap support.");
 goto out;
 }
 if (_is_max_texture_size_big_enough (display) != 0) {
 _print_error ("GL_MAX_TEXTURE_SIZE is too small.");
 goto out;
 }
 ret = 0;
out:
 if (display)
 XCloseDisplay (display);
 return ret;
}
As you can see, the use of gotos is alive and well! If you are certain that your graphics card supports hardware acceleration but for some reason GNOME Shell only works in fallback mode, try replacing this application with a script that simply returns true. There is also a black list of graphic cards. According to Emmanuele Bassi:
the hard limit is on Intel 915/945 integrated graghics (which are sadly what netbooks generally use). The limit also used to exist on 965 but it was a soft limit that was lifted by fixing the driver in Mesa
You can also force the fallback mode using a gsettings key:
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name gnome-fallback
Access to OpenGL is via Cogl which is a graphics API that exposes the features of 3D graphics hardware using a more object oriented design than OpenGL. The Clutter graphics library handles scene graphing. In Clutter, widgets are called actors, and windows are called stages. A Clutter application contains at least one stage containing actors such as rectangles, images, or text. A useful online resource for Clutter programming is Programming in Clutter by Murray Cumming. By the way, the Clutter library is also used in Moblin which, along with Maemo, is now part of Meego. Meego uses MX widgets on top of Clutter (a useful tutorial can be found here) whereas the GNOME Shell uses a Shell Toolkit (St) which implements many custom actors, such as containers, bins, boxes, buttons and scrollbars that are useful in implementing GNOME Shell UI features. The Shell Toolkit was derived from the Moblin UI Toolkit. See ../src/st in the gnome-shell GIT source code repository. The Shell Toolkit also implements CSS support (see ../src/st/st-theme*) which makes the GNOME Shell themeable. Generally if you see any object whole name starts with St. you can assume you are dealing with the Shell Toolkit. Accessibility is handled by Cally (Clutter Accessibility Implementation Library).
Window management is handled by a modified version of Metacity called Mutter. Before the introduction of Metacity in GNOME 2.2, GNOME used Enlightenment and then Sawfish as its window manager. Metacity uses the GTK+ graphical widget toolkit to create its user interface components, enabling it to be themeable and blend in with other GTK+ applications. Mutter is a newer compositing window manager based on Metacity and Clutter. Note that the GNOME Shell fallback mode still uses Metacity and Gtk+, whereas the normal hardware accelerated mode uses Mutter. By the way, the GNOME Shell is actually implemented as a Mutter plugin. You can obtain copious amounts of debug information from Mutter using imports.gi.Meta.set_verbose(true) or you can control the volume of debug information using the add_verbose_topic method, e.g. to view only window state use Meta = imports.gi.Meta; Meta.add_verbose_topic(Meta.DebugTopic.WINDOW_STATE).
The GObject Introspection layer sits on top of Mutter and the Shell toolkit. One way to look at this layer is to consider it a glue layer between the Mutter and Shell Tookit libraries and JavaScript. GObject Introspection is used to automatically generate the GObject bindings for JavaScript (gjs) which is the language used to implement the GNOME Shell UI. The actual version of the JavaScript language available using gjs is 1.8.5 as this JavaScript engine is based on Mozilla's Spidermonkey JavaScript engine.
The goal of GObject Introspection is to describe the set of APIs in a uniform, machine readable XML format called GIR. A typelib is a compiled version of a GIR which is designed to be fast, memory efficient and complete enough so that language bindings can be written on top of it without other sources of information. You can examine the contents of a specific typelib file using g-ir-generate. For example, here is what is stored in the Shell Toolkit typelib file for st_texture_cache_load_uri_sync which I use in Example 7 below.
# g-ir-generate /usr/lib64/gnome-shell/St-1.0.typelib
....
 <method name="load_uri_sync" c:identifier="st_texture_cache_load_uri_sync" throws="1">
 <return-value transfer-ownership="none">
 <type name="Clutter.Actor"/>
 </return-value>
 <parameters>
 <parameter name="policy" transfer-ownership="none">
 <type name="TextureCachePolicy"/>
 </parameter>
 <parameter name="uri" transfer-ownership="none">
 <type name="utf8"/>
 </parameter>
 <parameter name="available_width" transfer-ownership="none">
 <type name="gint32"/>
 </parameter>
 <parameter name="available_height" transfer-ownership="none">
 <type name="gint32"/>
 </parameter>
 </parameters>
 </method>
....
You also need to understand the various components that make up the GNOME Shell UI if you are going to be successful in customizing the GNOME Shell. Here are the various components of the screen displayed just after you successfully log in.
GNOME3 Shell screenshot
Here is a description of the various components:
 - Top Bar (Also called Panel) – Horizontal bar at the top of the scrren. This is main access point to the shell. (../js/ui/panel.js)
 - Activities button (Also called Hotspot) – Button and Hot Corner that brings up the Overview (see below). (../js/ui/panel.js)
 - Application menu – Shows the name of the currently


The Surprising Truth About Obsession - And Why You Can't Stop Thinking About Someone
Updated April 01, 2020
Reviewer Lauren Guilbeault
Introduction
If you've recently broken up with an intimate partner or have an interest in someone who doesn't even seem to know you're alive, you may be wondering how to stop thinking about someone. In this article, we talk about what can happen if you find yourself constantly thinking about someone - and you can't seem to stop.
Source: unsplash.com
When A Healthy Crush Becomes An Obsession
There's a fine line between normal healthy behavior and obsession when it comes to thinking about someone constantly. It's normal to think about your romantic partner when you're involved in a serious or dating relationship. It's also normal to have thoughts and memories of romantic partners and important people in your life long after the relationship has ended.
What's not normal is when you start to obsess, ruminate, and the object of your affection becomes the object of your obsession. If you find that you can't stop thinking about someone long enough to check-in to your own daily life and thoughts of someone else is taking over your life, this can quickly become a problem.
Obsessing about another person can develop into more detrimental behaviors like stalking, domestic violence, and other mental health-related concerns. To get to the bottom of the question, "why do I keep thinking about someone, you have to ask yourself (and answer) the hard questions to pull out of the downward spiral of obsession.
The Truth About Obsession
When you're obsessed with someone, this is normally because you think or feel that they have something that you need and that their presence will somehow improve the circumstances of your life. This is rarely the case. If you're unable to find happiness and contentment within yourself - first, then you'll have an even harder time trying to find it.
The key to learning how to stop thinking about someone - is to learn to start thinking about yourself. What areas of your life feel chaotic or like they are in disarray? Ask yourself if you healed those issues, would thoughts of the object of your affection be as dominant? Or is constantly obsessing about this person pointing to a larger issue.
What's Behind The Obsession?
When you can't stop thinking about someone, this is a sign that more serious issues are likely bubbling beneath the surface. Having to ask yourself, "why can't I stop thinking about someone" is a clear indicator that you need to check in with not only yourself but possibly a mental health professional to help you get to the bottom of the issue.
If you're thinking about someone who you've recently broken up with or have an emotional attachment to, healthy adults understand that this is a normal part of the healing and grieving process, however, when your every waking thought is consumed with the comings and goings of another person, this is a serious issue.
What is it that is causing you to obsess over thoughts of this person - especially in cases where similar interests or feelings are not returned. Are you obsessing over this person because you feel that they're your soulmate, "complete" you, or is there another reason?
Healthy adults respect the natural ebb and flow of relationships and understand that people and circumstances change and that regardless of whether you're in that relationship, friendship, career, etc. that you've been obsessing about that the pain of grief and loss will subside with time.
Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Another reason that you may find yourself obsessing over your relationship - especially if you're still in it is that you're experiencing symptoms of obsessive-compulsive relationship disorder (ROCD) people who suffer from OCD struggle with feelings of worth for both themselves and their partner, and obsessively question the validity of their relationship.
Source: unsplash.com
Symptoms of ROCD are a constant questioning of yourself and your partner. Constantly asking questions like "Do you still love me?" and still not be assured by the answer when your partner confirms that they are - is a sign of relationship obsessive-compulsive disorder.
People with ROCD are obsessed with the concept of their relationships to where the obsession may even become debilitating. ROCD sufferers are concerned with two conflicting aspects of relationships that include the fear of being trapped in an undesirable or sub-par relationship, while simultaneously suffering from the fear of being alone.
These two conflicting beliefs often cancel each other out and leave ROCD sufferers in a tailspin as they work to resolve their conflicting emotions on their own. In most cases, working out obsessive and repetitive thoughts on their own is not the answer.
ROCD sufferers are normally treated with a combination of talk therapy and medication management based on the severity of their diagnosis and the recommendation of a licensed and board-certified mental health professional.
Common treatments for ROCD include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), exposure therapy with response prevention (ERP), and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT).
Cognitive-behavior therapy helps ROCD sufferers to recognize negative behaviors that are contributing to their obsessive behavior and provides strategies for developing new coping skills and life skills to replace the negative behaviors.
Exposure therapy gradually introduces clients to the stimulating situation, person, or circumstance that triggers their obsession with the guidance of their therapist. The goal of ERP therapy is to gradually reduce the amount of anxiety or obsession a person feels about the originally offending circumstance.
How Counseling Can Help
Well-meaning friends and family members often have their own opinions about how we live our individual lives. While this is okay (to an extent) when it comes to getting to the bottom of deep-rooted issues, a licensed professional is the best way to go.
Mental health counselors act as an unbiased third-party that can point out damaging behaviors and thought patterns that may cause you to obsess over someone. It may surprise you to find that when you can't stop thinking about someone, the issues are behind the obsession are with you - not the other party.
Source: unsplash.com
Outward expressions of obsession often have to do with unhealed pain within. Most times, the pain experienced during the loss of a relationship or relationship disconnect can turn inward and express themselves in the form of a lack of self-worth, confusion, and obsession.
In the cases where culminating circumstances and feelings turn outward, conditions like obsessive-compulsive relationship disorder can quickly develop and cause issues in your life. Clients who attend regular counseling sessions learn new life coping skills and strategies and how to recognize negative behavior patterns and break negative cycles.
Where To Get Help
If you find that you're obsessing about someone for any of the reasons we've discussed so far, it's time to get help from a professional. A licensed therapist or other board-certified mental health providers can guide you along your journey and provide you with coping strategies and new life skills to help you deal with persistent issues with obsession.
Taking part in therapy sessions with an in-office provider or an online therapist are both viable options. Many people are choosing online therapy because of the convenience and cost that make it possible to attend therapy virtually anywhere. Today's online therapy sessions are conducted via desktops, laptops, tablets, and mobile devices that connect clients and therapists in a confidential environment.
Clients and therapists can communicate via a wide variety of virtual methods, including text chat, video messaging, audio chat, and SMS therapy. Leading relationship therapy providers ReGain.US provide relationship counseling services for couples at a fraction of the cost of in-office therapy.
The ReGain.US platform operates on a HIPAA and BAA compliant platform that staff licensed and board-certified therapists. The following are the licensed, experienced, and trained therapists that you'll find when you choose relationship therapy on the Regain platform.
 1. Psychologists (Psy. D/Ph.D.)
 2. Licensed Marriage and Family Therapists (LMFT)
 3. Licensed Professional Counselors (LPC/LPCC)
 4. Licensed Clinical Social Workers (LCSW)
All therapists on the Regain platform have a Master's or Doctoral degree along with a minimum of 2000 hands-on clinical service hours.
FAQ's (Frequently Asked Questions)
What does it mean when you can't stop thinking about a person?
When you can't stop thinking about a person, it could mean several things. You might imagine spending time with them, because you don't know what that could be like, and you envision a beautiful connection that could be. Perhaps you want to get to know them more, and you've invested in the potential of a relationship. It could be that your intuition is telling you that you could be a good match for each other. There's a balance between being obsessed with someone and wanting to get to know them more. If you find yourself looking at their social media profiles a lot, or trying to determine more about them for hours of the day, that could be the sign that you're developing a fixation on them. That's not a good thing. It's not good for your mental health to hyperfocus on one individual. If you notice yourself obsessing over a person, it's good to use distraction as a tool. Your mental health will thank you.
If you're thinking of someone, does that mean that they're thinking of you too?
If you intuitively feel a connection with someone, there may be something there. Have you ever thought about a person, and right


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In Australia, various City Councils, including the City of Adelaide, are pursuing carbon neutrality at municipal-scale based on their operational greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. As passenger transport is a major component of city operational GHG emissions, there is an opportunity for shared mobility services to play a role in reducing those emissions. This preliminary carbon modelling report has focussed on the GHG benefit from expanding shared mobility services in the Adelaide Local Government Area, although the results should be equally valid in other similar inner-urban precincts.
The Adelaide Shared Mobility (ASM) GHG model was constructed in Microsoft EXCEL using only publicly available data from the City of Adelaide's annual community GHG emissions reporting and the Vehicle-Kilometres-Travelled (VKT) projections published in a report titled, Carbon Neutral Adelaide - Foundation Report. Seven shared mobility services were considered with regard to their potential impact over a 20-year period on reducing operational or embodied emissions or acting as a catalyst to reduce GHG emissions including – ridehailing, carsharing, carpooling, bikesharing, ridesplitting and using autonomous vehicles.
The results of the modelling showed that the current state-wide decarbonising strategy of reducing electricity grid emissions coupled with the expected uptake of electric vehicles will have a significant impact on reducing transport GHG emissions, and to a certain degree will cannibalise the potential emission impact of shared mobility services. The combined GHG savings of the considered sharing economy mobility services was found to be less than 1% of the total Adelaide LGA transport emissions for each of the modelled years. The opportunities for shared mobility services for lowering embodied emissions or being a catalyst to reduce other GHG emissions related to the Carbon Neutral Adelaide goal were also found to be not significant.


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TRectangle = class(TShape)
class PASCALIMPLEMENTATION TRectangle : public TShape
TRectangle defines 2D rectangles with customized corners. It inherits TControl and can be used in styles to construct controls.
The rectangle size and position are defined by the following properties of the TRectangle object:
- The shape rectangle ShapeRect defines the initial size and position of the rectangle.
- You can use the scaling factors to the TRectangle object to proportionally scale rectangle coordinates along local coordinate axes. Scaling moves the rectangle and changes its size.
Note: Scaling not only scales the shape of an object proportionally to the scaling factors, but also changes the StrokeThickness of the contour proportionally to the scaling factor for each axis.
- You can use the rotation axis RotationCenter and rotation angle RotationAngle of the TRectangle object to rotate and move the rectangle.
- The Corners, CornerType, XRadius, and YRadius properties customize the shape of the rectangle corners.
TRectangle draws the contour and fills the background with the Paint method.
Paint draws the contour and fills the background using the drawing pen and brush with the properties, color, and opacity defined by the Stroke, StrokeThickness, StrokeCap, StrokeDash, StrokeJoin, and Fill properties of the TRectangle object.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


The power supply classification features. The potential distribution in the arc. The welding arc properties (Part 2).
The studies have shown that the extent of the cathode and anode zones of the arc is very small: : lк = 1·10-5 см; lа = 1·(10-3…10-4) cm. Then the length of the column of the arc: lс ≈ lд (equal to the length of the arc), and
Uд = U+ Uк + Uс ,
Lд = lа + lк + lс .
The power released in the 3 zones of the arc Pд = Icв·Uа + Icв·Uк+Icв·Uс, is completely determined by the values Uа,Uк,Uс, Uа = 2..5 V; Uк = 4..20 V. For steel electrodes Uа = 4..5 V.
The charged particles in the arc arise due to the emission of electrons from the surface of the cathode (thermal and field-electron) and ionization of gases located in the arc gap (these are positive ions).
To evaluate the properties of the arc column, the concept is introduced: the gradient of the potential of the arc column – Ес.
Since the function Uc = f(lc) is linear,
For the welding arcs: Ес = 1 – 5 V/mm.
Ес depends on the composition of the arc gas. For most arcs with the steel electrode:
а) when melting in air – Ес ≈ 3 – 4 V/mm;
b) in СО2 – Ес ≈ 5 V/mm;
c) for W welding in the argon medium – Ес ≈ 1 V/mm.
d) when welding in vacuum: Ес≈ 0,1 V/mm.
When the welding current (its value) changes, the value of Ес (for the given welding method) changes little. As a result, when welding, linearity is observed on the graph of the voltage dependence on the arc from its length (Fig. 1).
Uд = Uк + а + Ес · lд; (U= Ес·lд).
he maximum temperature at the arc column is at least 5000-6000 оС.
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@conference {Ayache2015771, title = {CurlX: A middleware to enforce access control policies within a cloud environment}, booktitle = {2015 IEEE Conference on Communications and NetworkSecurity, CNS 2015}, year = {2015}, note = {cited By 3}, pages = {771-772}, abstract = {Today cloud security and privacy concerns pose significant challenges. One particular challenge consists in how to take into consideration the user{\textquoteright}s security policies while accessing the outsourced data. In fact, for a given application, we may have a set of rules, as high level security policy, which needs to hold prior to any query execution. Therefore, the main problem that we tackle in this ongoing project is how to enforce this high level security policy in the cloud storage layer without conflicts. To address this challenges, we propose a middleware denoted curlX which consists of two main processes: the security policy enforcement process and the verification process. {\textcopyright} 2015 IEEE.}, doi = {10.1109/CNS.2015._PHONE_}, url = {_URL_ author = {Ayache, M.a and Erradi, M.a and Freisleben, B.b} }


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Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
comprehension (plural comprehensions)
- thorough understanding
- (logic) The totality of intensions, that is, attributes, characters, marks, properties, or qualities, that the object possesses, or else the totality of intensions that are pertinent to the context of a given discussion.
- (computing) a compact syntax for generating a list in some functional programming languages


The Auric Levels, The Divine Plane
Good Witches Homestead
Auras can be seen with the eyes open. It can also be seen psychically with the eyes closed. It is best seen under soft light. Look beyond the object, and not focus on the object. Aura is observed more prominently around the hands, between the shoulders, neck, and head.
Those who see aura mostly observe the mental and etheric layers or planes. These are the colorful layers of the aura.
Most commonly known and used terms
From the highest: Atomic to the lowest plane:
 1. Divine Plane. Adi Plane or Plane of the Logos. Ketheric
 2. Monadic Plane. Anupadaka Plane. Celestialsecond spiritual
 3. Spiritual AtomicPlane. Etheric template first spiritual
 4. Intuitional Plane. Buddhic Plane. Higher mental
 5. Mental Plane. Manasic Plane. conscious mind
 6. Emotional Plane. Astral Plane.
 7. Physical Plane. Physical Plane. Etheric. physical
Higher Astral:
Etheric, Heaven, Summerland (word used by spiritualists), Celestial Planes, beyond the comprehension…
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text:
Tapestry: A Medieval Tale of Curses, Crowns, and Courage introduces a wonderful world of dragons, knights, and powerful wizards. They wind their way through a maze of lies, jealousy, and madness in search of truth, justice, and honor. As imagined by author Jerry Smith, this world comes alive through a poetic narrative that follows the story of a gentle princess and her reluctant hero. Fortified with courage and stealth, they find the strength and perseverance to overcome the death, darkness, and destruction unleashed upon their land by an evil, power-hungry mage and a scheming sorceress.
Written in the style of the great Greek and Roman poets, Tapestry presents rich imagery and eloquent rhyming couplets portraying the adversity encountered by its characters. It follows them as they struggle-evil against good, death against life, and destruction against rebirth. Feudal lords, evil enemies, and noble knights emerge and entwine into colorful strands, creating this carefully woven tale as a vibrant tapestry filled with hope and promise for an age consumed by darkness and despair.
Tapestry: A Medieval Tale of Curses, Crowns, and Courage brings the poetic narrative to a story of good versus evil in a world brimming with justice, honor, mystery, and magic.


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Many CEOs forbid use of social media at work, but recent research shows that web surfing leads to increased productivity.
This Keas infographic explores the benefits of social media in the workplace, showing that social connections make people happier and a brief recess involving Internet-browsing increases productivity.
An Academy of Management experiment gave three groups of people — a control group bundling sticks, a group taking an Internet-free break and a group browsing the Internet for 10 minutes — the simple task of highlighting as many letter A's as they could among 2,000 words of text.
The three groups then had their mental exhaustion measured. Those browsing the Internet were 16% more productive than the Internet-free break group and 39% more productive than the control group.
The study concludes that taking a break, particularly one spent browsing the Internet, should be encouraged by employers hoping to increase productivity.
Do you use Facebook at work? Does it negatively or positively affect your concentration? Sound off in the comments.


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How can I include abandoned cart items in a message?
You can start turning abandoned carts into completed orders by using an Abandoned cart block in a marketing automation message. The block is available in Pro, Max, and Enterprise accounts.
When you add the Abandoned cart block to an automation message, we create a placeholder with space for the product image, name, and price per unit. When someone doesn't complete their purchase, we fill the placeholder with the abandoned cart information. Images in the message link to product pages by default.
You can decide where in the message you want to display the items by dragging and stopping the block anywhere in the message template. You can also customize its text and design to suit your brand and add your own calls to action.
Keep on reading to learn how to add the Abandoned cart to a message and build a workflow that sends it.
Here's what you need to do before you start using the Abandoned cart block:
Configuring the Abandoned cart block is a two-part process. First, you create an automation message draft (if you don't have, or don't want to edit, an existing automation message). Then, you convert it to an automation message and use it in a workflow together with the Abandoned cart condition.
Adding the block to an automation message
1. In your GetResponse account, go to Automation and do one of the following:
- start creating a new automation message draft,
- start editing an existing automation message. Note: If this message is used in a workflow that doesn't start with the Abandoned cart condition, the message won't send.
2. In the message editor, navigate to the toolbar. Click the Ecommerce tab to expand it.
3. Drag and drop the Abandoned cart block to where you want it to appear in the message.
The placeholder shows two items, but the number of products displayed will automatically adjust to reflect the actual cart information when the message is sent.
4. Edit the text and buttons to suit your brand and encourage your customers to complete their purchase. The product picture, price, and name will be automatically filled when we send the message.
5. Click the Next step button to save the changes and return to the Automation messages page.
Now that you've created a message draft (or edited an existing message), you can use in a workflow.
Using the abandoned cart message in a workflow
Here you turn the message draft into an automation message and finish the setup of how to track abandoned carts. The workflow needs to have at least two elements — the Abandoned cart condition and the Send message action.
1. Build a workflow that starts with the Abandoned cart condition. You can build it from scratch or use any of the Abandoned cart automation templates.
2. Configure the Abandoned cart condition:
a. Select API for the integration method.
b. Select the store for which to track abandoned carts.
c. Set when to assume the cart was abandoned. After that time, the customer will be sent a reminder message showing the items in the abandoned cart.
d. Set the element to Run multiple times to trigger the workflow many times for the same contact. (Every time they abandon a cart, they receive a follow-up message.)
3. Configure the Send message action. How you configure the element depends on the type of message you want to use:
- If you've created a new automation message draft, you'll first need to convert it to an automation message. For message type, select Draft. Next, from the drop-down list, select the message containing the Abandoned cart block.
Then, confirm that you want to use it as an automation message. This will copy its layout and convert the draft into an automation message. You'll be able to use it in any other workflow you build in the future.
- If you're using an existing automation message to which you added the Abandoned cart block, select Automation for message type and then pick the message.
Set the element to Run multiple times to allow sending the message to the same customer every time they abandon a cart.
4. When you're done setting up the workflow, click Save and publish. Click Save and exit if you want to save it as a draft.
You're set. When a customer doesn't finish their purchase, they'll receive a message that shows them the items waiting for them in the cart.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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WUBS (Web User Booking System) has been developed at Loughborough University Library to allow online booking of resources (rooms, PCs, etc) directly by end users. It has been in production use at Loughborough since October 2004.
Allows resources to be of arbitrary, admin defined types. For example you might have types of "Group Study Room", "Bookable PC", "Staff Loan Laptop", with multiple resources of each type
Individual resources can have different booking periods defined, with gaps allowed between booking slots (allowing, for example, one group to a room and then another group takes up residence outside of the booked slot)
Resources and/or types can have periods defined when they aren't available for bookings (eg during holidays or building refurbishments)
"Librarian" and admin staff can act as other users to allow them to book resources on behalf of students (handy if sitting at a help desk or on the end of a support line)
Different classes of user can have different limits to the number of resources they can book, with different rules for different types of resource as well
User information picked out of the Active Directory


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Cagayan de Oro City has been identified as one of potential sites for a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) project implementation according to the proposal under a World Bank-funded feasibility study.
Initially, the Clean Technology Fund (CTF) Investment Plan will fund investments proposed for the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) systems in Metro Manila and Cebu. BRT systems—mass transit systems which mimic metro or light rail transit but with buses rather than rail vehicles—are among the most cost effective public transport systems in the world. As such, BRT combines the reliability of rail and the versatility of conventional bus systems at a fraction of the cost of rail. BRT is being targeted primarily because of the economic development benefits, particularly for the poor, are substantial.
According to the report, BRT projects have high replication potential in the Philippines as there is low technology risk and substantial demand and private sector interest. They are expected to have significant development impacts in terms of environmental benefits, reduced traffic congestion, improved traffic safety, potential reduction in travel times, and transport cost savings accruing to end users. The magnitude of the benefits and their share to low income groups will be significantly higher when BRTs are well integrated with public transport systems. Complementary facilities for private vehicle parking and non-motorized transport enhance the potential to attract private transport users to the BRT lines for daily commuting.
The proposed investment in Manila and Cebu could lead to more BRTs in the country including Cagayan de Oro City. Below are actual photos of the BRT system in Beijing, China.
To download the CTF Investment Plan for the Philippines, "right click and save as" HERE.


text: This paper presents the effect of mechanochemical activation of on the physico-mechanical properties of fine-grained concrete. The optimal time of mechanical activation of cement slurry was defined, at which the maximum increase in the compressive strength of fine-grained concrete was achieved. The quantity of Portland cement activated by its total weight in the composition slurries was experimentally established. The effect of superplasticizer Relamiks T-2 on the properties of fine-grained concrete produced on activated binder for heat cement paste both with and without supplement, was studied. The change of particle size distribution of Portland cement subjected to mechanical activation was shown. The results of experimental studies have shown that mechanochemical activated binder can significantly increase in the early stages of hardening the bending strength (71 %) and compression strength (64 %), and maintain it in project life, which is especially important for monolithic construction. The composition of the particulate activated binder changes significantly, which leads to high physical and mechanical properties of the investigated concrete and its hardening rate.


Videos
Have You Tried: Associative Dimensions
Ever wonder why some dimensions update when the geometry changes and others don't? Dimensions that update are linked or associated with the geometry they measure. That's called dimension associativity. Dimensions can be associative or non-associative depending on how they are created. They can also become disassociated if the geometry they measure are deleted or exploded.
When a dimension becomes dissociated, AutoCAD informs with one of the following messages at the Command prompt:
 - Dimension disassociated
 - Dimension extension disassociated
Note: The video doesn't contain audio or closed captions.
In this Have You Tried, we'll cover how to turn on the annotation monitor to indicate disassociated dimensions and what to look for when the design changes.
We'll also learn how to reassociate, disassociate, and delete dimensions when they are no longer needed.
For example, the yellow badges indicate this drawing has two dimensions that are not associated with the geometry they measure.
Types of Dimension Associativity
Associating dimensions to drawing geometry makes it more efficient to update the dimensions when the design changes.
There are three types of dimension associativity:
 - Associative dimensions automatically adjust their locations, orientations, and measurement values when the geometry associated with them is modified.
 - Non-associative dimensions can be selected and modified using grips, but they don't change automatically when the geometry they measure is modified.
 - Partially associative dimensions exist when only one extension line is associated with a geometric object. This typically occurs when geometry associated with a dimension is deleted or exploded.
INTERESTING: Have You Tried: Accessing Data from the Clipboard
Annotation Monitor
The annotation monitor, when active, displays a yellow badge on the dimensions that have lost associativity. Common causes for losing associativity is when geometry has been deleted or significantly modified; not necessarily when geometry has been simply moved or resized.
To Turn the Annotation Monitor On and Off
Click the Annotation Monitor status bar button to turn the annotation monitor on and off .
When the annotation monitor is active, the Annotation Monitor icon is added to the status bar.
If you don't see the Annotation Monitor status bar button, click Customization , located at the far-right end of the status bar, and select Annotation Monitor.
When the annotation monitor is off, there's no visual indicator that displays if a dimension is associative or non-associative. You can use the Properties palette or LIST command to verify the status of a dimension.
Control Whether New Dimensions are Associative
By default, all new dimensions are associative. This can be changed in the Options dialog box.
 1. Click Application menu > Options
 2. In the Options dialog box, User Preferences tab, under Associative Dimensioning, verify that Make New Dimensions Associative is checked.
 3. Click OK.
Note: You can also change associative dimensioning by typing
DIMASSOC at the Command prompt.
Associative dimensions support most types of geometry with the following exceptions:
 - Hatches
 - Images
 - Underlays
 - Multiline objects
 - 2D solids
Example of a Disassociated Dimension
Let's walk through an example of how a dimension can become disassociated.
Verify that the annotation monitor is on.
 1. Create a new drawing and add three circles and two dimensions like the example below.
 2. Try moving the middle circle to the left.
 See how the dimension values change. That's because the dimensions are associated to the centers of the three circles.
 3. Now erase the middle circle.
 A yellow badge is displayed on the dimensions indicating they are no longer associated to the circles. Deleting the middle circle created two disassociated dimensions.
Working with Disassociated Dimension
Due to a design change, we now have two disassociated dimensions. To fix this, we'll delete the dimension that's no longer needed and reassociate the other dimension to the remaining circles.
INTERESTING: AutoCAD Video Tips: Find a Home for Orphaned Xrefs (Lynn Allen/Cadalyst Magazine)
There are two ways to do this, one is from the ribbon and the other is clicking the yellow badge on the dimension. Both methods are similar. In the example below, let's click the yellow badge and use the menu.
 1. Click the yellow badge and choose Delete from the menu to remove this dimension that's no longer needed.
 2. Click the yellow badge on the remaining dimension and choose Reassociate from the menu.
 Use object snaps to accurately select the center of the circles to reassociate the dimension to the circles.
 Notice that the yellow badge is no longer displayed on the dimension. This indicates that the dimension is now associated with the centers of the two circles.
 3. Move the circle on the right.
 The dimension displays the new distance between the circles.
Associate or Reassociate a Dimension Using the Ribbon
With the annotation monitor active, let's associate some dimensions to geometry.
To make a dimension associative click
Annotate tab > Dimensions panel > Reassociate
 1. Select one or more dimensions to associate or reassociate.
 2. Press Enter and do one of the following:
 - To associate the dimension to specific geometry, enter s (Select object) and select the geometry.
 - To reassociate, select the reference point on an object, using object snaps as needed, to associate the indicated extension line.
 3. Repeat steps as needed.
Note: If a dimension has been exploded, it can no longer be reassociated to geometry.
To Disassociate a Dimension
 1. At the Command prompt, enter DIMDISASSOCIATE.
 2. Select one or more dimensions to disassociate and press Enter.
 3. When the annotation monitor is active, you'll see a yellow badge appear on the dimension indicating the dimension is non-associative.
Summary
Associated dimension can help keep your drawing dimensions updated when the design changes.
INTERESTING: How to contact Autodesk Support - Enterprise Plan
Associative Dimension Commands and System Variables
Command Description
DIMDISASSOCIATE Removes associativity from selected dimensions.
DIMREASSOCIATE Associates or reassociates selected dimensions to objects or points on objects.
DIMREGEN Updates the locations of all associative dimensions.
DIMSTYLE Creates and modifies dimension styles.
System Variable Description Default Value Saved In
ANNOMONITOR Turns the annotation monitor on or off. -2 Drawing
DIMASSOC Controls the associativity of dimension objects and whether dimensions are exploded. 2 Drawing
Source: Autodesk
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text:
WP3 Structural changes
WP3 aims to identify meaningful and effective structural changes in the partner institutions leading to an improvement of gender equality and to develop recommendations to guide the implementation of Gender Equality Plans.
Task 3.1: Review and improvement of policies and practices (Task leader: Kiel CAU)
Structural changes in an institution mean that improved systematic and sustainable approaches are applied to key processes and procedures within and throughout the institution. Structural changes in order to improve gender equality include the removal of often-unconscious barriers and the reduction of the influence of implicit stereotypes on decisions and developments.
This task aims to review and assess structures and processes (including recruitment procedures, decision-making processes and allocation of resources) in the partner institutions regarding their gender balance, fairness and transparency. In this regard, the top-level personnel, units and committees responsible for gender equality policies at the partner institutions play an important role.
Tasks 3.2 & 3.3. Setting targets and monitoring progress via gender-sensitive indicators on structural changes (Task leader: Kiel CAU)
Aggregated gender segregated data on structural changes could comprise, e.g., horizontal/ vertical segregation (gender pay-gap), allocation of lab space, gender balance in decision-making boards and committees. This task aims to develop indicators from such data and analyse the resultant trends, enabling the consortium to recommend possible targets and innovative strategies toward Gender Equality Plans of the partner institutions.


text:
THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC FACTORS AND TECHNOLOGY IN SOME POTATO VARIETIES GROWN ON SANDY SOILS
Less favorable conditions on sandy soils in southern Oltenia limited number of
species and varieties grown in the area. Drought and high temperatures in recent yearsÂ (maximum 430 C in air, ground 700 C) acted as dehydrating forces on plants, disruptingÂ their metabolism.
Very high air temperature in July and August at 30 to 38.40 C relative humidity decreasedÂ to 25%, high soil surface temperature and lack of rainfall during the growing season,Â producing an imbalance of the water balance of plants.
Excessive sweating can dehydrate plants leaf level, close osteolele and diminish gas
exchange in photosynthesis.


text: False recognition in children aged 5, 8, and 11 years was investigated using the standard version of the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) procedure and an alternative version in which the DRM stimuli were embedded in stories designed to emphasize their overall theme. Relative to the 8- and 11-year-olds, the 5-year-olds falsely recognized fewer critical lures when the DRM stimuli were presented in lists, but falsely recognized more critical lures when the stimuli were presented in stories. Levels of false recognition in the 8- and 11-year-olds were not affected by study format. We argue that the story context enhanced the ability of the 5-year-olds to make inferences based on the theme of the DRM stimuli. The 5-year-olds then showed higher levels of false recognition than the older children owing to their inability to reject lure words consistent with the stories.


Feliratkozás Hungarian
Keress bármilyen szót, mint például: fapping
1 definition by Larry Grosfield

1.
A term referring to the rotating governors used on steam locomotives and related steam engines such as tractors. The brass balls acted as weights on the end of linkages, and rotated with the increase in RPM of the engine. As speeds rose, the balls swung outwards, rising on the linkages. At a pre-set height, the release valve would engage, lowering steam pressure and reining in the RPM to the allowable maximum. The balls rose towards the firewall and/or the walls of the cab., hence the term.
The Union Pacific Freight roared across the Kansas night, balls to the wall.
Beküldő: Larry Grosfield 2008. május 29.
88 67


by Anders himself. ↩
 \n
 2. \n
 3. \n
 This is much more interesting for a function that receives a dictionary as a parameter (as is in the PR description). In this specific case, it helps to call out what is expected, but it still does not guarantee unitsOfTime always returns a number (it could still return a null if the key is missing. Still, it is a step in the right direction. ↩
 \n
 4. \n
\n
","summary":"I have been spending some free time dabbling in Typescript.","image":"_URL_ "2019-04-29T13:23:43+00:00", "date_modified": "2019-04-29T13:23:43+00:00","author": { "name":""}, "tags":["ts"]},{ "id":"_URL_ "url":"_URL_ "title":"Hash#new", "content_html":"
I was reading this post on Hash#fetch, and it reminded me of another lesser used/understood method on Ruby's Hash object, new.
\n\n
Typically, in Ruby, a hash is created by using just the {} literal. This is the equivalent of just doing Hash.new.
\n\n
h1 = {}\nh2 = Hash.new\n
\n\n
Regardless of which option you choose, you get the same result.
\n\n
However, as in most things Ruby, there is more than one way. The Hash initializer has three options:
\n\n
 \n
 1. No parameters
 2. \n
 3. A default parameter
 4. \n
 5. A Block
 6. \n
\n\n
Next to the literal, the one I use most often is option #2, a default parameter. Typically, I use this when I want to count a bunch of things.
\n\n
a = [1,2,3,4,1,1,3]\nh = Hash.new(0)\na.each {|i| h[i] += 1}\nputs h #{1=>3, 2=>1, 3=>2, 4=>1}\n
\n
Without the Hash.new(0) we would have to check for nil, or do an assignment like (h[i] ||= 0) += 1 which is much less readable and depending on what you are iterating over can get complicated.
","summary":"I was reading this post on Hash#fetch, and it reminded me of another lesser used/understood method on Ruby's Hash object, new.","date_published": "2019-03-25T13:32:30+00:00", "date_modified": "2019-03-25T13:32:30+00:00","author": { "name":""}, "tags":["ruby"]},{ "id":"_URL_ "url":"_URL_ "title":"Multiple Heroku Environments", "content_html":"
When you have multiple environments for an app on Heroku each command you execute requires you to pass in the -a (–app) flag with the app name. Heroku app names need to be unique not just for you, but for Heroku as a whole. This means the app name might not always be as memorable as you would like. KickoffLabs is actually broken up into three separate apps which further complicates things (6 total app names).
\n\n
Instead of using the -a flag, you can also use the git remote name via the –remote flag.
\n\n
The remote name only needs to be unique within your app. This means you can reign in this craziness a bit by using your own git remote names. By default, Heroku creates a remote called heroku. You can use the git remote rename command to rename your remote(s) to something more consistent
\n\n
git remote rename original_name new_name\n
\n\n
With this knowledge, you can create more consistent names for your remotes. I generally go with production and staging.
\n\n
Next, I add the following to my zsh profile:
\n\n
function hs(){\n heroku \"$@\" --remote staging\n}\n\nfunction hp(){\n heroku \"$@\" --remote production\n}\n
\n\n
Now, anything I want to do to production, is as simple as:
\n\n
hp config:set VAR=1234\n
\n\n
And the same can be done in staging:
\n\n
hs config:set VAR=1234\n
","summary":"When you have multiple environments for an app on Heroku each command you execute requires you to pass in the -a (–app) flag with the app name. Heroku app names need to be unique not just for you, but for Heroku as a whole. This means the app name might not always be as memorable as you would like. KickoffLabs is actually broken up into three separate apps which further complicates things (6 total app names).","date_published": "2019-03-25T13:11:13+00:00", "date_modified": "2019-03-25T13:11:13+00:00","author": { "name":""}, "tags":["heroku","zsh"]},{ "id":"_URL_ "url":"_URL_ "title":"Introducing Jekyll Rest", "content_html":"
Executive Summary - Jekyll Rest allows you to publish to a Jekyll based site which uses Github as a repository.
\n\n\n\n
One of the things I like about the Jekyll + Github + Netlify combination is there is nothing to manage. No backups. No (major) concerns with hosting. Ultimately, nothing to do but write1. This is actual serverless IMO.
\n\n
The trade-off is a slower publishing flow and usually being tied to a computer with Git access. Most of the time this is not as big of an issue as it would seem (how many of you blog more than once a week). However, I am continuing to try and flush out my "shorts" concept and always needing to be at a computer with Git access was slowing me down.
\n\n
I had initially hoped I could leverage Zapier and avoid writing any code. Unfortunately, Zapier2 only got me about 50% there. Zapier is willing and able to receive a post from me from just about any tool (web, email, and even SMS), but I could not figure out how to correctly format my content to make it work with the Github V3 rest API3.
\n\n
The more I play with Zapier, the more convinced I am I could make it work, but I soon realized that sending in posts from various devices require a bit more finessing of the data. This ultimately made writing it in Ruby even more appealing.
\n\n
In the end, I built something I am calling Jekyll Rest. It is a single endpoint you host on your own in a matter of seconds on Heroku.
\n\n
It has just one endpoint, create. This endpoint was written to be as flexible as possible. You can specify all of the individual parameters (title, date, body, etc.) or you can send it a block of frontmatter. It will do its best to decipher what you meant, even extracting a title from your content if necessary. The rules for this are defined on the GitHub readme.
\n\n
With this endpoint, you can do a couple of things:
\n\n
 \n
 1. You can add it Zapier. This enables you to compose blog posts via email or SMS.
 2. \n
 3. Automate your workflow.
 4. \n
\n\n
I have done both. I have it set up now so that I quickly email and txt new short posts. I also built a simple UI that helps me share various things I find interesting.
\n\n
\n
 \n
 1. \n
 I will someday how I can see blogging as just writing ↩
 \n
 2. \n
 3. \n
 Zapier is amazing. ↩
 \n
 4. \n
 5. \n
 The biggest issue was base64 encoding the content ↩
 \n
 6. \n
\n
","summary":"Executive Summary - Jekyll Rest allows you to publish to a Jekyll based site which uses Github as a repository.","image":"_URL_ "2019-03-11T16:30:52+00:00", "date_modified": "2019-


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I'm wondering if the following can be true: Let Y be a second countable space and $\pi_2:Y \times \mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ ($\mathbb{R}$ with its usual topology and $\pi_2$ the projection onto the second factor) be a closed map: do these assumptions imply that Y is compact? (There is no assumption $T_0$, $T_1$ or $T_2$ on $Y$.)
thank you in advance.
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2 Answers 2
up vote 3 down vote accepted
Let $(y_n)$ be a sequence in $Y$. Let $A$ be the subset of $Y \times \mathbf{R}$ of all points $(y_n, \frac{1}{n})$ for $n \in \mathbf{N}$, and let $B$ be its closure. Then $\pi_2[B]$ is closed in $\mathbf{R}$, and contains all points $\frac{1}{n}$, so it contains $0$. So for some $y \in Y$, $(y,0) \in B$. Using the countable base we can extract a subsequence of the $(y_n)$ that converges to $Y$ (as $Y$ is first countable in particular). We do then need that $y$ is in the closure of all subsequences of $(y_n)$ as well, which follows in a similar way, otherwise we cannot get (without separation axioms) a convergent subsequence from first countability alone. But this works.
So $Y$ is sequentially compact, which implies that $Y$ is countably compact (in the covering sense; no separation axioms needed) and as $Y$ is also Lindelöf, being second countable, $Y$ is compact.
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I assume that by compact, you mean quasi-compact (i.e. not necessarily Hausdorff but with the finite sucover property), otherwise any $Y$ with the coarsest topology would be a counterexample.
Then it seems that your notion is equivalent to pseudocompactness, namely that any continous $f:Y\to\mathbb{R}$ has compact image. I checked that quickly, so I may be wrong.
EDIT : indeed I am, see below. The property is slightly stronger than that.
(I haven't found a reference in MR, although I would bet it is an exercise in Bourbaki).
The idea is first to observe that the property remains the same if you substitute $\mathbb{R}$ with $[0,1]\simeq[-\infty,\infty]$, basically because any one is included in the other (up to homeo).
Then since the graph of a continuous $f:Y\to\mathbb{R}$ is closed, $f(Y)$ must be closed in $\mathbb{R}$ and also $[-\infty,\infty]$, hence bounded. Similarly, any lower/upper semi-continuous $f$ is lower/upper bounded and attains its inf/sup, since $f$ is lsc iff its "epigraph" $\{(y,t):f(y)\leq t\}$ is closed.
For the converse, if $F$ is closed in $Y\times[0,1]$, but not its projection $F_2$, one may assume that $0$ isn't in $F_2$ but is in its closure. Then the function $y\mapsto \inf t : (y,t)\in F $ is lower semi-continuous and doesn't attain its infimum $0$.
EDIT: pseudocompactness doen't imply that lsc functions attain their infimum in general (not completely regular) spaces : there is no way to construct a continuous function from an lsc one if there are "not enough" continuous functions. Your property is indeed stronger than pseudocompactness, as the particular point topology on $\mathbb N$ shows. This space is homeomorphic to $\mathrm{Spec}(\mathbb{Z})$ with Zariski topology : a discrete countable subspace (primes) plus a dense "generic point" (0). Any continuous function is constant (hence pseudocompactness), but a function $f$ is lsc iff $f\leq f(0)$!! (I checked that twice, it's so shocking!)
So your property is equivalent to "lsc real-valued functions attain their lower bound", which may have a name, I don't know. Maybe "strongly pseudocompact"?
By the way, pseudocompact doesn't imply (quasi-)compact, even for "nice" (completely regular) spaces, as is seen with the long line or simply the first uncountable ordinal $\omega_1$ (with order topology). There are also non-Hausdorff examples, see wikipedia article.
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I thought about the latter too, as all countably compact space satisfy the fact that the projection onto R is closed (we can replace R by any sequential space even). But of course I realized we cannot have a second countable (note that condition! the OP works in second countable spaces) counterexample, as a second countable space is Lindelöf, and a Lindelöf and countably compact is compact... So the standard examples do not work. I also don't see why we can replace R by [0,1]: closedness is not preserved by embedding... So please elaborate on that? – Henno Brandsma Jul 13 '10 at 16:38
This is the following lemma : If projection $Y\times Z_1\to Z_1$ is closed and $Z_2$ is a subspace of $Z_1$, then $Y\times Z_2\to Z_2$ is also closed. Proof: take $F$ closed in $Y\times Z_2$ the projection $G$ of its closure $\overline{F}$ in $Y\times Z_1$ is closed in $Z_1$, so $G\cap Z_2$ is closed in $Z_2$. But since $\overline{F}\cap(Y\times Z_2)=F$ (opens of subspace are traces of opens of ambient space), this is the projection of $F$. – BS. Jul 13 '10 at 18:31
And I overlooked the "second countable" hypothesis, which ruins my counterexamples. – BS. Jul 15 '10 at 9:50
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text:
Boiling Mad: Crabs Feel Pain
Robert Roy Britt
LiveScience.com robert Roy Britt
livescience.com – Fri Mar 27, 10:48 am ET
A favored method of preparing fresh crabs is to simply boil them alive. A longstanding related question: Do they feel pain?
Yes, researchers now say. Not only do crabs suffer pain, a new study found, but they retain a memory of it (assuming they aren't already dead on your dinner plate). The scientists say its time for new laws to consider the suffering of all crustaceans.
The study involved using wires to deliver shocks to the bellies of hermit crabs, which, being hermits, often take up residence in left-behind mollusc shells. The crabs that were shocked scampered out of their shells, "indicating that the experience is unpleasant for them," the scientists concluded; unshocked crabs stayed put.
Another test was run to see what would happen if a mild shock was delivered, one just below the threshold that would cause the crabs to leave home. These mildly shocked crabs, along with crabs that had not been shocked, were then offered a new home. The typical reaction: They'd go inspect the new shell. Significantly, those that had been shocked were more likely to pack up and move to the new residence compared to those that hadn't been shocked.
"There has been a long debate about whether crustaceans including crabs, prawns and lobsters feel pain," said study researcher Bob Elwood of Queen's University Belfast in the UK.


STARTUP MOUNT

 4. Rename the redo log members.
 Use the ALTER DATABASE statement with the RENAME FILE clause to rename the database redo log files.
 ALTER DATABASE
 RENAME FILE '/diska/logs/log1a.rdo', '/diska/logs/log2a.rdo'
 TO '/diskc/logs/log1c.rdo', '/diskc/logs/log2c.rdo';

 5. Open the database for normal operation.
 The redo log alterations take effect when the database is opened.
 ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

Dropping Redo Log Groups and Members
In some cases, you may want to drop an entire group of redo log members. For example, you want to reduce the number of groups in an instance redo log. In a different case, you may want to drop one or more specific redo log members. For example, if a disk failure occurs, you may need to drop all the redo log files on the failed disk so that the database does not try to write to the inaccessible files. In other situations, particular redo log files become unnecessary. For example, a file might be stored in an inappropriate location.
Dropping Log Groups
To drop a redo log group, you must have the ALTER DATABASE system privilege. Before dropping a redo log group, consider the following restrictions and precautions:
 - An instance requires at least two groups of redo log files, regardless of the number of members in the groups. (A group comprises one or more members.)
 - You can drop a redo log group only if it is inactive. If you must drop the current group, then first force a log switch to occur.
 - Make sure a redo log group is archived (if archiving is enabled) before dropping it. To see whether this has happened, use the V$LOG view.
 SELECT GROUP#, ARCHIVED, STATUS FROM V$LOG;

 GROUP# ARC STATUS
 --------- --- ----------------
 1 YES ACTIVE
 2 NO CURRENT
 3 YES INACTIVE
 4 YES INACTIVE

Drop a redo log group with the SQL statement ALTER DATABASE with the DROP LOGFILE clause.
The following statement drops redo log group number 3:
ALTER DATABASE DROP LOGFILE GROUP 3;
When a redo log group is dropped from the database, and you are not using the Oracle Managed Files feature, the operating system files are not deleted from disk. Rather, the control files of the associated database are updated to drop the members of the group from the database structure. After dropping a redo log group, ensure that the drop completed successfully, and then use the appropriate operating system command to delete the dropped redo log files.
When using Oracle Managed Files, the cleanup of operating systems files is done automatically for you.
Dropping Redo Log Members
To drop a redo log member, you must have the ALTER DATABASE system privilege. Consider the following restrictions and precautions before dropping individual redo log members:
 - It is permissible to drop redo log files so that a multiplexed redo log becomes temporarily asymmetric. For example, if you use duplexed groups of redo log files, you can drop one member of one group, even though all other groups have two members each. However, you should rectify this situation immediately so that all groups have at least two members, and thereby eliminate the single point of failure possible for the redo log.
 - An instance always requires at least two valid groups of redo log files, regardless of the number of members in the groups. (A group comprises one or more members.) If the member you want to drop is the last valid member of the group, you cannot drop the member until the other members become valid. To see a redo log file status, use the V$LOGFILE view. A redo log file becomes INVALID if the database cannot access it. It becomes STALE if the database suspects that it is not complete or correct. A stale log file becomes valid again the next time its group is made the active group.
 - You can drop a redo log member only if it is not part of an active or current group. To drop a member of an active group, first force a log switch to occur.
 - Make sure the group to which a redo log member belongs is archived (if archiving is enabled) before dropping the member. To see whether this has happened, use the V$LOG view.
To drop specific inactive redo log members, use the ALTER DATABASE statement with the DROP LOGFILE MEMBER clause.
The following statement drops the redo log /oracle/dbs/log3c.rdo:
ALTER DATABASE DROP LOGFILE MEMBER '/oracle/dbs/log3c.rdo';
When a redo log member is dropped from the database, the operating system file is not deleted from disk. Rather, the control files of the associated database are updated to drop the member from the database structure. After dropping a redo log file, ensure that the drop completed successfully, and then use the appropriate operating system command to delete the dropped redo log file.
To drop a member of an active group, you must first force a log switch.
Forcing Log Switches
A log switch occurs when LGWR stops writing to one redo log group and starts writing to another. By default, a log switch occurs automatically when the current redo log file group fills.
You can force a log switch to make the currently active group inactive and available for redo log maintenance operations. For example, you want to drop the currently active group, but are not able to do so until the group is inactive. You may also want to force a log switch if the currently active group must be archived at a specific time before the members of the group are completely filled. This option is useful in configurations with large redo log files that take a long time to fill.
To force a log switch, you must have the ALTER SYSTEM privilege. Use the ALTER SYSTEM statement with the SWITCH LOGFILE clause.
The following statement forces a log switch:
ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE;
Verifying Blocks in Redo Log Files
You can configure the database to use checksums to verify blocks in the redo log files. If you set the initialization parameter DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM to TYPICAL (the default), the database computes a checksum for each database block when it is written to disk, including each redo log block as it is being written to the current log. The checksum is stored the header of the block.
Oracle Database uses the checksum to detect corruption in a redo log block. The database verifies the redo log block when the block is read from an archived log during recovery and when it writes the block to an archive log file. An error is raised and written to the alert log if corruption is detected.
If corruption is detected in a redo log block while trying to archive it, the system attempts to read the block from another member in the group. If the block is corrupted in all members of the redo log group, then archiving cannot proceed.
The value of the DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM parameter can be changed dynamically using the ALTER SYSTEM statement.
Note:
There is a slight overhead and decrease in database performance with DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM enabled. Monitor your database performance to decide if the benefit of using data block checksums to detect corruption outweighs the performance impact.
See Also:
Oracle Database Reference for a description of the DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM initialization parameter
Clearing a Redo Log File
A redo log file might become corrupted while the database is open, and ultimately stop database activity because archiving cannot continue. In this situation the ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE statement can be used to reinitialize the file without shutting down the database.
The following statement clears the log files in redo log group number 3:
ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE GROUP 3;
This statement overcomes two situations where dropping redo logs is not possible:
 - If there are only two log groups
 - The corrupt redo log file belongs to the current group
If the corrupt redo log file has not been archived, use the UNARCHIVED keyword in the statement.
ALTER DATABASE CLEAR UNARCHIVED LOGFILE GROUP 3;
This statement clears the corrupted redo logs and avoids archiving them. The cleared redo logs are available for use even though they were not archived.
If you clear a log file that is needed for recovery of a backup, then you can no longer recover from that backup. The database writes a message in the alert log describing the backups from which you cannot recover.
Note:
If you clear an unarchived redo log file, you should make another backup of the database.
To clear an unarchived redo log that is needed to bring an offline tablespace online, use the UNRECOVERABLE DATAFILE clause in the ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE statement.
If you clear a redo log needed to bring an offline tablespace online, you will not be able to bring the tablespace online again. You will have to drop the tablespace or perform an incomplete recovery. Note that tablespaces taken offline normal do not require recovery.
Redo Log Data Dictionary Views
The following views provide information on redo logs.
View Description
V$LOG Displays the redo log file information from the control file
V$LOGFILE Identifies redo log groups and members and member status
V$LOG_HISTORY Contains log history information
The following query returns the control file information about the redo log for a database.
SELECT * FROM V$LOG;
GROUP


text:
Continue your custom antibody generation with our antibody fluorescent labeling service. GenScript's 13 years of experience generating custom antibodies allows us to offer quick and cost effective custom fluorescent antibody packages. Starting from customer supplied antibodies or GenScript generated custom antibodies, we deliver fluorescently labeled antibodies in just 2 weeks. Choose from 14 fluorophore options covering the spectrum from blue through near-infrared shown below:
While there are many fluorophores available for antibody labeling, not all are created equal. GenScript offers labeling with iFluor dyes as they have superior properties compared to alternatives including:
When using fluorophores, individually or in a multiplex format, it is important to pay attention to a few technical features including:
Before choosing fluorophores, confirm the specifications of the equipment that will be used to measure or visualize the appropriate wavelengths. Excitation and emission energies of fluorophores should match the laser and/or filter combination energy as closely as possible. Depending on the generation of your equipment, wavelengths may be predetermined or selectable to within ±2.5 nm range.
When using multiple fluorophores, maximal separation between each excitation and emission wavelength will result in the least bleed-through (cross-emission, cross-excitation, emission/excitation overlap) from one fluorophore to the next. Signal amplitude may also create this unwanted overlap and should be taken into consideration. If overlap is unavoidable, prioritize separation of excitation wavelengths.
Don't have an antibody to label yet? Let GenScript make one for you. All our service offerings seamlessly integrate to create your custom solution and facilitate your research. Start with one of our popular antibody generation services below:


Fungus makes violins sound 'like Stradivarius'
10 September 2012, 10:42 | Updated: 30 September 2014, 14:20
Fungi can make a new violin sound like a Stradivarius, a Swiss wood researcher has discovered. His research has shown that treating the wood of a new violin with a specific fungus (Physisporinus vitreus and Xylaria longipes) can increase the elasticity and change acoustics of the instrument's body.
Stradivarius violins were made from a kind of wood particular to the late 17th century violin-maker's environment. The wood was said to have lower density and higher elasticity, exactly the same qualities that the fungus-treated wood aims to recreate.
Professor Schwarze of the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology made the discovery, commenting: "The unique feature of these fungi is that they gradually degrade the cell walls, thus inducing a thinning of the walls. But even in the late stages of the wood decomposition, a stiff scaffold structure remains via which the sound waves can still travel directly."
It is hoped that the discovery will mean student players will in the future be able to learn on instruments with a higher-quality sound than standard beginner models.
Professor Schwarze also said it would "give young musicians the opportunity to play on a violin with the sound quality of an expensive - and for most musicians unaffordable - Stradivarius."


ExistsQueryBuilder NAME must be provided with a field – How to solve this Elasticsearch exception
Opster Team
August-23, Version: 6.8-8.9
Before you dig into reading this guide, have you tried asking OpsGPT what this log means? You'll receive a customized analysis of your log.
Try OpsGPT now for step-by-step guidance and tailored insights into your Elasticsearch operation.
Briefly, this error occurs when an Elasticsearch query is executed without specifying a field in the ExistsQueryBuilder. The ExistsQueryBuilder is used to check if a field exists in the document. The error indicates that the field parameter is missing in the query. To resolve this issue, ensure that you provide a field name when using the ExistsQueryBuilder. For example, if you want to check if a field named 'user' exists, your query should look like this: new ExistsQueryBuilder("user").
For a complete solution to your to your search operation, try for free AutoOps for Elasticsearch & OpenSearch . With AutoOps and Opster's proactive support, you don't have to worry about your search operation – we take charge of it. Get improved performance & stability with less hardware.
This guide will help you check for common problems that cause the log " [" + ExistsQueryBuilder.NAME + "] must be provided with a [field] " to appear. To understand the issues related to this log, read the explanation below about the following Elasticsearch concepts: query, index.
Log Context
Log "[" + ExistsQueryBuilder.NAME + "] must be provided with a [field]" class name is ExistsQueryBuilder.java. We extracted the following from Elasticsearch source code for those seeking an in-depth context :
 );
 }
 } if (fieldPattern == null) {
 throw new ParsingException(parser.getTokenLocation(); "[" + ExistsQueryBuilder.NAME + "] must be provided with a [field]");
 } ExistsQueryBuilder builder = new ExistsQueryBuilder(fieldPattern);
 builder.queryName(queryName);
 builder.boost(boost);

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The assignment discusses Toxic Metals in Cosmetic Eyeshadows. Besides, there is also a description of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. So, discuss why are metals present and how do they get in the product.
Toxic Metals in Cosmetic Eyeshadows – Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Description The paper needs to at least have an abstract, introduction, and experiment. The introduction should discuss lowend (hair store) vs high-end (sephora/MAC) stores, the chemistry behind the actual experiment and how it works. It should discuss the chemistry of how the metals are being stripped from the eyeshadow. The introduction should also discuss atomic absorption spectroscopy and how it works and its importance. The introduction should also discuss why are metals present and how do they get in the product. Also, for the sources, use the four attachments I have provided to cite the sources. You may also use more sources, if needed.
Toxic Metals in Cosmetic Eyeshadows – Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Chemical interferences arise from the formation of thermally stable compounds such as oxides in the flame. The use of electrothermal atomization, a hotter nitrous oxide-acetylene flame or the addition of a releasing agent such as lanthanum can help reduce the interference.
Detailed Instructions
 |
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I have modified the value of net.core.rmem_max with sysctl, and now I would like to set it back to its default value.
If I reboot, net.core.rmem_max will go back to its default value (because it is not overridden in /etc/sysctl.conf), but can I know this value without rebooting?
Ideally I should have run sysctl net.core.rmem_max to read the value before modifying it, but I forgot...
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2 Answers 2
This is not possible in general: the kernel does not retain the original values (at least under Linux it doesn't, and this is probably true of other unix variants). The value of the setting is stored in a variable; when you change the setting, the memory containing the variable is irreversibly updated.
For most settings, the initial value of the variable is a constant that is determined at compile time and stored in the kernel binary. So you could, in principle, inspect your kernel binary to find the default value. You would have to locate the symbol corresponding to the setting you're interested in, and follow the address of that symbol in the kernel binary. Booting your kernel in a virtual machine would be less work.
For most settings, you can look in the kernel source — kernel/sysctl.c and other files. You'll see definitions like
 .procname = "rmem_max",
 .data = &sysctl_rmem_max,
(in net/core/sysctl_net_core.c), from which you can trace the initialization of the sysctl_rmem_max variable. While this one is initialized from a constant, it takes quite a bit of reading C code to expand.
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On my OpenBSD machine, /etc/sysctl.conf lists a bunch of default sysctl values, but this list is not exhaustive.
Probably the best way is to read the sysctl code or ask a friend who is running the same OS for his values :)
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