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Parental Issues and Perspectives Involving Mathematics Education in Elementary and Middle School Settings
Regina Mistretta, Department of Early Childhood, Childhood and Adolescent Education, School of Education
This paper reports on the initial findings of a three-year study funded through New York City's Department of Education Title IIA Professional Development under the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 that investigated parental issues and perspectives involving mathematics education in elementary and middle school settings. A sample population of 790 parents of children in 1st through 8th grades was surveyed to gather information about their needs and the needs of their children concerning school mathematics. The findings of this study are shared to help deepen the knowledge base and make it accessible to administrators, teachers, and teacher educators to inform them about parental concerns and ways to involve parents in the mathematics learning community. Efforts to involve parents are a necessary component to successful mathematics education reform. This study seeks to build upon current research and help strengthen the ways we include parents in their children's learning of mathematics.


Is there a form for reporting travel expenses?
Yes. The form is intended to help you claim your travel expenses. If your research institution requires you to use forms that are comparable in terms of content or even better suited to the specific travel activity for the project, you can continue to use these forms. However, the FWF project number must appear on this form.
Statement of travel expenses (pdf, 1.10MB)
What information must always be provided when reporting travel expenses?
The statements must clearly identify who travelled where, when and for what purpose. If this is not clear from the research institution's detailed list of expenses for projects conducted at university research institutions according to the Universities Act 2002 (UG 2002), additional information must be included with the statement (additional list by the principal investigator).
How do I find out how to calculate the travel expenses?
Please ask the finance/human resources department of your research institution for projects running at a research institution subject to the Universities Act 2002 (UG 2002).
Otherwise, the following applies (based on the federal regulations governing travel costs (RGV)):
The domestic rates of the RGV are:
Per diem allowance: €26.40 per day (Rate I), €19.80 per day (Rate II)
Overnight accommodation rate: €15.00
Rate I is used for trips lasting less than 30 days, and Rate II is used for trips starting on day 31.
The per diem allowances for international travel expenses can be downloaded as a PDF document.
Please pay attention to the following breakdown of the rate levels for work-related international travel:
Rate level 1: Non-academic staff
Rate level 2a: Mag./Dr./DI/research grant recipients
Rate level 2b: Academic title: Univ.-Ass./Univ.-Doz.
Rate level 3: Academic title: Univ.-Prof.
Federal Law Gazette on International Travel Rates (pdf, 102KB)
The kilometre allowance rates are:
Kilometre allowance: €0.42
Additional amount for passengers involved in the project: €0.05
The amounts apply for domestic and international travel. The audit department usually does not accept the kilometre allowance for trips along main railway routes but rather the analogous costs of a second-class train ticket.
Please be aware that no additional costs (such as motorway tolls, motorway tax stickers, parking fees, petrol receipts) may be counted towards your travel expenses. All costs incurred are covered by the lump sum paid per kilometre. Even in the case of small amounts, any expenses mistakenly submitted twice will be reclaimed by the FWF Audit department.
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What is Earthing And Types of Earthing
Hello friends, today's article is about how earthing works and how many types of earthing work.
What is Earthing:
When there is a fault in the machine or any electrical system, with the help of earth, the surge current goes to the ground, thus with the help of earth, we and Machi get protection.
How The Earthing System Works.
We can understand this very easily.
Example: Anyone is a motor. Understand that we have not earthed it and there is an electrical fault in this motor. Will pass through the body and suppose this time someone touches the body even by mistake then he feels terrible grief.
But if we had earthed the body properly, this current would have easily gone into the ground with the help of earthing wire.
Why Don't We Feel Current By Doing Earthing?
There is no rule for the current to pass through the low resistance side. Our body's resistance is 1000 ohms or more.
But the resistance of the earthing we do is from 1 ohm to 5 ohms. Suppose that the current in the state of fault does not pass through our body and passes through this earthing. Why is the resistance of our body 1000 ohms and the current always? The lower side flows.
How Earthing Is Done.
Earthing is a very simple task involving the body of a motor or any equipment attached to the ground,
Understand By Example: We know that the body of a motor is made of a substance like iron or steel. To do earthing we attach this body to the ground. If a fault condition touches the body of the motor then the current will go to the ground with the help of this earthing wire instead of going through the body.
Also Read: What is Photoelectric Tachometer? | Definition & Explanation
Types of Earthing:
Earthing is usually done in 5 ways which are as follows.
 - Strip And Wire Earthing.
 - Rod Earthing.
 - Pipe Earthing.
 - Plate Earthing.
 - Coil Earthing.
 - Chemical Earthing
Strip and Wire earthing:
Strip and Wire earthing This etching is done in a place where the ground is rocky which means there is more rock in the ground. This earthing is widely used in long-distance transmission lines.
Rod Earthing:
This type of earthing is done by digging very deep in the sandy area as the moisture content is high across the sandy place. That's why we use Pipe Earthing in this.
Pipe Earthing:
This is the most commonly used earthing in which we put a pipe 5 to 10 feet into the ground.
Plate Earthing:
Plate Earthing is considered to be the best earth. This is used in substation and power station Plate Earthing Nose. Such earthing is used in places where a large number of current flows.
Coil Earthing:
Coil earthing is used in the smallest amount. This earthing uses a coil made of G.I wire. Such earthing is mostly used for electric poles.
Also Read: What is Hot Wire Instrument | Construction & Working of Hot Wire Instrument | Advantages of Hot Wire Instrument
What should be the earthing resistance?
Earthing is used to protect us and our equipment. The lower the resistance of the earth, the better. The best earthing is 0 ohms but this is not possible.
Earthing resistance of power plant. 0.5 ohms or less is kept
The earthing resistance of the substation is kept at 2 ohms or less
The earthing of the L.T pole is kept at 5 ohms or less.
The air resistance of the house is considered to be 8 ohms or less.
How to reduce Earthing resistance:
1. Maintain Moisture of earth: Water is used to retain soil moisture so water is poured into the earthing point from time to time.
2. Increase Contact Area of Electrode: Earth resistance can also be maintained by increasing the thickness of the rod used in earthing.
3. Increase Depth of Electrode: Earth resistance can be reduced even if this electrode is placed at a greater depth while earthing.
4.Use of Salt and Coal in Earthing: Salt and coal can be applied to the place where the electrode is inserted in the soil to maintain soil resistance for a long time.
Also Read :
Difference Between AC motor and DC motor
Difference Between MCB and MCCB | MCB VS MCCB
What are Diesel Generator, Parts Names, and their working
What is Earthing | Difference Between Earthing and Grounding
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Did you know that cattle don't get all their permanent teeth until they're 5 years old? The lower front teeth, known as incisors, come in over a period of years, 2 pair at a time, starting with the two center teeth. This means that you can tell the age of your animals by how many of the front incisors they have. You can also tell if an cow is nearing the end of her productive years and is ready to be marketed by looking at the condition of her incisors. This 4 minute video from Mississippi State University will show you how to open the cow's mouth safely to look inside, and then how to figure out how old your animal is based on what you see inside. Enjoy!
Tablet readers, here's your link.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text: An unpolished (mill) finish, and a precision tolerance, and meets American Society for Testing and Materials International ASTM A313 specifications. It is corrosion resistance. The material may be slightly magnetic and can be cold worked for increased strength and rigidity. The spring temper is stiff and spring like, resisting bends and kinks until a large amount of force is applied. Wire will not stretch, so care must be taken to measure accurately. There are a couple of ways to join the ends of your wire. My favorite method is wrapping the ends with thread. Allow 2 inches overlap for this method. Using strong millinery thread, begin at one end of the overlapped wires and wrap tightly towards the other end of overlap. Add a dab of clear glue to each open end of wire at the overlaps. The most common stitches for securing wire to the edge of a brim are a buttonhole stitch for hand sewing and a wide zig-zag stitch when using a sewing machine. It is important to sew the wire to the edge, not on top or under the brim edge. The stitch width should be only the depth of the wire. If the stitch is too deep, the wire will slip away from the edge and can cause an uneven looking finish to the brim. See our FAQ section for more in depth instruction.


text: This report provides new evidence into the factors that predict school drop out for children in Bangladesh. It also examines similarities and differences between children who enter late into primary schooling, those who are permanently excluded and those who drop out. Our results show that the relationship of the child within the household and the possible support received from parents when the child requested help for school work were factors associated with the risk of drop out. In addition, over age in the final years of primary school and low school attendance were signals of a high risk of school drop out. Children who started school late were similar to children who drop out in terms of background family characteristics. However, children who were permanently excluded from school were poorer and more marginalised than children who dropped out. Several recommendations are drawn from the analyses of this report.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Old School
*Since 2021*
Welcome to Old School CAFÉ
Literally: Old \' ōld, 'ōl\ 1. dating from the remote past, advanced in years or age AND School \'skül \ 1. an institution for the teaching of children.
The building at 196 N Main St was built around 1870 as an early primary school, School #1, for the Naples village children. It has served many purposes since that time, including library, office, retail, residence…Our intent was to restore the Old School vibe, celebrating its earliest history with original photos and classroom artifacts, both reproduced and authentic!
Merriam-Webster: Old School \'ol(d)-,skül\ 1. adhering to traditional policies or practices 2. evocative or characteristic of an earlier or original style, manner, or form
Urban Dictionary: Old-school 1. anything that refers to a previous generation; back in the day. 2. the way things used to be done; classic
Best Will Ferrel movie EVER! Just kidding…Old School today is a pop-culture phrase meaning something done in ways of the past, and thus given credibility, or highly regarded or respected. We make old school espresso, homespun baked goods, classic cocktails and cooked to order food that focuses on superior ingredients and traditional methods. What's an immersion circulator? Who cares – we don't use one!
café or ca•fe [ ka-fey, kuhor French ka-fey ]
noun, plural ca•fés [ka-feyz, kuhor, especially for 2, French ka-fey]
a small, unpretentious restaurant, often with exterior seating on a patio or extending onto the sidewalk.
Good food is the foundation of genuine happiness.
- Auguste Escoffier
Why Old School?
In the modern culinary world, the dining experience has evolved in many ways. Our goal is to return to a meal that is reminiscent, familiar and accessible. Food everyone understands, in an atmosphere where everyone feels welcome…
Join our email list
for updates on the café, events and specials


Meeting Banner
Abstract #1025
Organ-based estimation of the chronological age based on 3D MRI scans
Sherif Abdulatif1, Karim Armanious1,2, Anish Rao Bhaktharaguttu1, Thomas Küstner2, Bin Yang1, and Sergios Gatidis2
1University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany, 2University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Age is an essential clinical parameter. It is often utilized as a risk factor for various disorders with the potential of influencing therapeutic decisions. However, a discrepancy exists between the chronological age (CA) and the biological age (BA) of an individual due to many factors such as medical history, genetics and lifestyle. In this preliminary work, we propose a novel deep-learning architecture for organ-specific CA estimation from 3D MR volumes for the brain and knee. We hypothesize that the introduced organ-specific approach would enable future analysis of the BA as different organs are expected to exhibit different aging characteristics.
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Automatic and social effects on accommodation in monolingual and bilingual speech
Enzinna, Naomi Ruth
This dissertation investigates the automatic and social mechanisms underlying accommodation, and how these mechanisms influence the time-course of accommodation. In particular, I examine whether accommodation occurs for reasons related to social factors (e.g., affiliation) or whether accommodation occurs automatically (e.g. recency, novelty)—and how these automatic and social factors influence accommodation at various points both within an interaction and after. The social dimensions of accommodation are addressed by examining accommodation in monolingual and bilingual speech. Specifically, I test whether monolingual and/or bilingual participants converge more with either a monolingual or bilingual model talker, and whether a participant's speech community influences whether they accommodate to a model talker. To investigate these questions, participants completed a referential communication task with two pre-recorded model talkers: an English monolingual model talker and a Spanish-English bilingual model talker. The participants themselves were either English monolinguals or Spanish-English bilinguals, from either a majority monolingual community (Ithaca, NY: 7.1% Hispanic/Latinx) or a majority bilingual community (Miami, FL: 68.6% Hispanic/Latinx) (U.S. Census Bureau, 2017b, 2017a). Thus, there were four participant groups: English monolinguals from Ithaca (M-Ithaca), Spanish-English bilinguals from Ithaca (B-Ithaca), English monolinguals from Miami (M-Miami), and Spanish-English bilinguals from Miami (B-Miami). In order to address the time-course of accommodation, each participant interacted with each model talker one-at-a-time, and those interactions were divided into four blocks. Changes in accommodation were then examined by block. During the experimental task, model talkers asked participants about words on a game board. The words on the boards appeared in pairs, containing both a prime word and a target word. The target words included the dependent variable, Voice Onset Time (VOT) in voiceless stops in English. VOT was selected because it differs in English and Spanish: English has long-lag VOTs at the beginning of a stressed syllable, where Spanish has short-lag VOTs. Half of the prime words contained the dependent variable, creating a priming condition, and half of the prime words did not, creating a non-priming condition. Using these methods, two experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 addressed the following two questions: (1) Is accommodation automatic and/or socially-modulated? (2) Does accommodation increase during a priming condition? If so, does priming interact with automatic and social factors? Experiment 2 addressed the following two questions: (1) What is the time-course of accommodation? Specifically, how quickly do participants accommodate to a model talker, and how long does accommodation last within an interaction? (2) Will the most-recent, previous interaction influence accommodation during the following interaction? The results of Experiment 1 provide evidence that accommodation is both automatic and socially-modulated. All participant groups produced longer VOTs with the monolingual model talker and shorter VOTs with the bilingual model talker, indicating that all participants automatically adjusted their speech to accommodate to both model talkers. Additionally, participants accommodated to model talkers when primed by speech that is not common in their speech community. For example, participants from the monolingual community (B-Ithaca, M-Ithaca) produced shorter VOTs when primed by the bilingual model talker. Thus, participants automatically accommodated to speech that is novel to them. Accommodation was also influenced by social factors. Specifically, bilinguals from the monolingual community (B-Ithaca) produced the longest VOTs with the monolingual model talker, and monolinguals from the bilingual community (M-Miami) produced the shortest VOTs with the bilingual model talker. In both cases, the model talker did not share the same linguistic background as the participant group but did share the same linguistic background as the majority population in their speech community. Thus, a need to affiliate with their speech community, as linguistic outsiders in their speech community, led B-Ithaca and M-Miami to converge more with the monolingual and bilingual model talkers, respectively. Experiment 2 examines the time-course of social and automatic accommodation. The results provide evidence that socially-motivated accommodation is more persistent (i.e., longer-lasting) than accommodation that occurs due to automatic causes. Specifically, automatic effects found in Experiment 1 occurred in earlier blocks of an interaction, while social effects occurred in later blocks. Also, social factors (e.g., affiliation) related to the most-recent, previous interaction with a model talker influenced participants' accommodation to a different model talker in the following interaction. For example, participants from the bilingual community (M-Miami, B-Miami) who interacted with the bilingual model talker first produced shorter VOTs when interacting with the monolingual model talker afterward. Thus, the time-course for socially-motivated accommodation is longer than the time-course for automatic accommodation. As such, socially-motivated accommodation is more likely to lead to long-term accommodation and, ultimately, language change.
accommodation; English monolingual; Spanish-English bilingual; speech community; voice onset time; VOT; Linguistics
Cohn, Abigail C.; Tilsen, Samuel; Huffman, Marie
Ph. D., Linguistics
Doctor of Philosophy
dissertation or thesis


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Illinois Tool Works Direct Fuel System (DFS) is a refueling system for vehicles that eliminates the need for gas caps. The user simply opens the vehicle fuel door, inserts the gasoline pump nozzle and the DFS system takes over. It guides the nozzle into the fuel pipe, sealing the system, keeping contaminants out, while eliminating vapor escape and the potential for a thermal event (fire).
The system features a rotating ball and shutter system, to guide the nozzle into the assembly, which consists of a filler pipe connector, primary fuel shut-off, as well as the surface interface. The sealed system assures a secure connection and closing without the customer having to twist a gas cap back on properly. This eliminates the "check engine light" associated with an improperly seated gas cap, which often causes sensing of a fuel leak. This reduces frequent but needless service requirements and warranty costs.
The customer convenience factors are very significant, as well. The DFS system would enable a much easier operation for people who may have physical difficulties that make fueling difficult, or may simply not like handling gas caps. In addition, there are no more caps to lose, broken nails or soiled hands. Having a cleaner and safer vehicle, of course, is of the utmost importance, and there is a guaranteed reduction in VOC emission.
The innovation originated at ITW, located in Glenview, Illinois. The DFS is now in production and featured on the Ford GT. It is a popular attraction on various auto show concept vehicles and SEMA displays. It will have a significant impact on the fuel systems market, having the potential to eliminate gas caps altogether, and even fuel doors in the future.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Greater Sudbury is working on a roadmap for getting its underground water and sewer infrastructure in shape. Meeting on Tuesday, councillors got an overview of how the Water and Wastewater Master Plan will be developed. It will identify what the city needs to do to maintain its current system, as well as accommodate future growth. Council heard from Michelle Albert from WSP Toronto, the engineering consulting firm that is preparing the plan. She said it will outline a strategy for maintaining the infrastructure through 2041. She said it's an infrastructure planning study that will identify deficiencies, optimize the use of existing infrastructure, determine capital priorities and ways to accommodate growth. "There is a lot of wastewater infrastructure in the community," Albert said, adding the city has more than 800 kilometres of sewer infrastructure and 973 kilometres of water pipes, spread over a wide area across seven former municipalities.
- California's Dire Drought Message Wanes, Conservation Levels Drop
- WHY IT MATTERS: Infrastructure


_prod
 1. Now, like discussed in the above model, we will initialize the bayesian model, prepare all the conditional probability (for all variables) and then add it to the initialized model.
 # Defining a model
 from pgmpy.models import BayesianModel
 from pgmpy.factors.discrete import TabularCPD
 model = BayesianModel([('A', 'J'), ('R', 'J'), ('J', 'Q'), ('J', 'L'), ('G', 'L')])
 cpd_a = TabularCPD('A', 2, values=[[0.2], [0.8]])
 cpd_r = TabularCPD('R', 2, values=[[0.4], [0.6]])
 cpd_j = TabularCPD('J', 2, values=[[0.9, 0.6, 0.7, 0.1],
 [0.1, 0.4, 0.3, 0.9]],
 evidence=['A', 'R'], evidence_card=[2, 2])
 cpd_q = TabularCPD('Q', 2, values=[[0.9, 0.2], [0.1, 0.8]],
 evidence=['J'], evidence_card=[2])
 cpd_l = TabularCPD('L', 2, values=[[0.9, 0.45, 0.8, 0.1],
 [0.1, 0.55, 0.2, 0.9]],
 evidence=['J', 'G'], evidence_card=[2, 2])
 cpd_g = TabularCPD('G', 2, values=[[0.6], [0.4]])
 model.add_cpds(cpd_a, cpd_r, cpd_j, cpd_q, cpd_l, cpd_g)
 1. Now, calculate the inference from your customized inference algorithm and compare it with the VariableElimination method.
 # Doing inference with our SimpleInference
 infer = SimpleInference(model)
 a = infer.query(var=['A'], evidence=[('J', 0), ('R', 1)])
You can check the full demo here.
In this article, we have discussed the pgmpy python library which provides a simple API for working with Graphical models(bayesian model, markov model,etc. It is highly modular and quite extensible.
Official codes, Docs & Tutorials are available at:
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text:
Learning begins by living in the moment
Improvisation exits the stage and enters the classroom with 37 mind-opening activities designed to support problem solving, promote team building, spark
creative thinking, and build self-esteem. These innovative, playful activities are borrowed from a classic art form: improvisational theater. Developed for group
leaders who have no improvisational theater experience, these easy, step-by-step proven techniques--originally designed to help actors solve problems on
stage--build an optimal learning environment by
creating cohesiveness, &
promoting active participation in the learning process.
Whatever your topic, these brief (5-10 minute) exercises activate the all-important learning skills of listening, accepting, affirming, imagining, and trusting--and
pave the way for personal growth or organizational change.


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What is the Windows Experience Index?
The Windows Experience Index measures the capability of your computer's hardware and software configuration and expresses this measurement as a number called a base score. A higher base score generally means that your computer will perform better and faster than a computer with a lower base score, especially when performing more advanced and resource-intensive tasks.
Each hardware component receives an individual subscore. Your computer's base score is determined by the lowest subscore. For example, if the lowest subscore of an individual hardware component is 2.6, then the base score is 2.6. The base score is not an average of the combined subscores.
You can use the base score to confidently buy programs and other software that are matched to your computer's base score. For example, if your computer has a base score of 3.3, then you can confidently purchase any software designed for this version of Windows that requires a computer with a base score of 3 or lower.
The base scores currently range from 1 to 5.9. The Windows Experience Index is designed to accommodate advances in computer technology. As hardware speed and performance improves, higher base scores will be introduced. However, the standards for each level of the index stay the same. For example, a computer scored as a 2.8 will remain a 2.8 unless you decide to upgrade the computer's hardware.
To view your computer's base score
Open Performance Information and Tools by clicking the Start button, clicking Control Panel, clicking System and Maintenance, and then clicking Performance Information and Tools.
View the Windows Experience Index base score and subscores for your computer. If you have recently upgraded your hardware and want to find out if your score has changed, click Update my score. If you don't see subscores and a base score, click Score this computer.
The base score represents the overall performance of your system as a whole, based on the capabilities of different parts of your computer, including random access memory (RAM), central processing unit (CPU), hard disk, general graphics performance on the desktop, and 3‑D graphics capability.
Here are general descriptions of the kind of experience you can expect from a computer that receives the following base scores:
A computer with a base score of 1 or 2 usually has sufficient performance to do most general computing tasks, such as run office productivity applications and search the Internet. However, a computer with this base score is generally not powerful enough to run Windows Aero, or the advanced multimedia experiences that are available with Windows Vista.
A computer with a base score of 3 is able to run Windows Aero and many new features of Windows Vista at a basic level. Some of the new Windows Vista advanced features might not have all of their functionality available. For example, a machine with a base score of 3 can display the Windows Vista theme at a resolution of 1280 × 1024, but might struggle to run the theme on multiple monitors. Or, it can play digital TV content but might struggle to play High Definition Television (HDTV) content.
A computer with a base score of 4 or 5 is able to run all new features of Windows Vista with full functionality, and it is able to support high-end, graphics-intensive experiences, such as multiplayer and 3‑D gaming and recording and playback of HDTV content. Computers with a base score of 5 were the highest performing computers available when Windows Vista was released.
If a particular program or Windows Vista experience requires a higher score than your base score, you can upgrade your hardware to meet the necessary base score. If you install new hardware and want to see if you score has changed, click Update my score. To view details about the hardware on your computer, click View and print details.
The subscores are the result of tests run on the RAM, CPU, hard disk, general desktop graphics, and 3‑D gaming graphics hardware components of your computer. If your base score is not sufficient for a program or Windows Vista experience, you can use the subscores to help you figure out which components you need to upgrade.
The base score is a good indicator of how your computer will perform generally. The subscores can help you understand your computer's level of performance for specific experiences:
Office productivity. If you use your computer almost exclusively for office productivity experiences, such as word processing, spreadsheets, e‑mail, and web browsing, then high subscores in the CPU and memory categories are important. Subscores of 2.0 or higher are usually sufficient in the hard disk, desktop graphics, and 3‑D graphics categories.
Gaming and graphic-intensive programs. If you use your computer for games or programs that are graphic-intensive, such as digital video editing applications or realistic first-person games, then high subscores in the RAM, desktop graphics, and 3‑D gaming graphics categories are important. Subscores of 3.0 or higher are usually sufficient in the CPU and hard disk categories.
Media Center experience. If you use your computer as a media center for advanced multimedia experiences such as recording HDTV programming, then high subscores in the CPU, hard disk, and desktop graphics categories are important. Subscores of 3.0 or higher are usually sufficient in the memory and 3‑D graphics categories.


kasai rex by O055uE8i
 The Kasai Rex is a strange animal allegedly living in the jungles of central Africa said to
resemble a large, predatory dinosaur.
There have been several sightings throughout the years, but the most popular one took place in
1932. A Swedish plantation owner, named John Johnson, and his African servant were once
walking through the Kasai valley in Africa (the location of this particular sighting was where the
creature got its name), when they came across a grazing rhinoceros. They were careful not to
disturb the animal. All of a sudden, a 40-foot-long, two-legged lizard-like beast ambushed the
rhino. During this attack, Mr. Johnson actually fainted while his servant ran away in terror.
When Johnson woke up, the creature was still feeding on the rhino carcass. He described the
animal as having have long, sharp teeth, big jaws, a long, thick tail, and thick legs, which he said
reminded him of the legs on a lion. He also described the color of the creature: a dark red, with
dark-colored, vertical stripes running down its neck, back and tail. He then saw the huge beast
walk back into the jungle after it had eaten its fill.
The few sightings of this creature generally agree with one another; the size of the creature
differs slightly in the sighting descriptions (possibly due to specimens of a different sex or age),
but the animal's coloration remain the same: red with dark stripes.
These general descriptions certainly seem to fit a large carnivorous dinosaur. Candidates include
not just T-rex, but also Tarbosaurus (a very close relative of Tyrannosaurus rex), Allosaurus,
Megalosaurus, and the recently discovered Giganotosaurus, among others.
No expeditions have yet been launched that have focused on the Kasai Rex.
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Miscellaneous Topics
Taking vaccines against diseases
Taking vaccines against diseases 1
Are vaccines allowed in Islam? Some scholars in Pakistan are inciting the people against getting their children vaccinated for polio. They say that according to the Shariah we are commanded not to go to a place where disease exists and quote evidence from the Hadeeth "Flee from the leper as you would flee the lion", but are not allowed to use medicine before an ailment has occurred. Many people accept their verdict and this is affecting the eradication of polio from Pakistan, as parents no longer allow the government sent doctors to vaccinate their children. Please give a clear verdict on this.
It is permissible to take vaccinations against diseases and that it is a kind of seeking treatment. Going to vaccination places is not exposing oneself to contagious diseases and this is not contradicting the Prophetic narration which reads: Run away from the leprous as you run from the lion.[Al-Bukhari] Rather, the narration proves that seeking protection against the disease is legislated. Ibn Al-Qayyim said: The Prophet permitted seeking protection against contagious diseases.
Vaccinating against some diseases is seeking protection against them, so it is permissible. Therefore, one should not refrain from vaccinating unless it is proven by trustworthy doctors that a given vaccination has more disadvantages than benefits, as in this case it is not permissible to vaccinate because the Prophet said: There should be no harm and no reciprocal harm.[Ahmad and Ibn Maajah]
Allaah Knows best.


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2018 POLICY & ADVOCACY PRIORITIES
The Illinois State Alliance of YMCAs brings together more than 800 YMCA program locations working in 120 communities and engaging almost 1 million Illinoisans to strengthen the foundations of community through youth development, healthy living and social responsibility.
Our 2018 policy priorities support legislation, policy and systems changes for:
Nurture the potential of every child and teen
- Improving access to and quality of child care and enrichment programming, especially through funding of the Child Care Assistance Program, Teen REACH, 21st Century Community Learning Centers and the Early Childhood Block Grant.
- Increasing funding and policy changes that address the student achievement gap, summer learning loss and education quality.
- Changing policy and expanding funding that promotes community violence prevention and safe environments for children and youth.
- Increasing access to water safety instruction to provide the life skill of swimming and prevent
Improve communities' well-being
- Encouraging programs that expand healthy living and address the well-being of individuals and communities.
- Increasing physical activity before, during and after school through investments in community infrastructure that promotes physical activity and funding for evidenced-based programs.
- Expanding access to healthy foods especially in food insecure communities.
- Transforming regulation and legislation that expands access to community-based chronic disease prevention programs through the Illinois health care system.
Giving back and providing support to our neighbors
- Improving state policies and funding to address childhood hunger during out of school time.
- Expanding legislation that encourages volunteerism and civic engagement.
- Preserving nonprofit tax exempt status in Illinois. To stay strong, effective and responsive to the needs of the local community, Illinois nonprofit organizations must be able to keep their nonprofit tax exemption and avoid additional fees on services.


Reprinted from January 2016
reentrycourtRecent published articles suggest that some drug courts show a statistical preference for participants who have less serious criminal histories (ie. without violent incidents or mental health issues), are less drug dependent, and have substantial community resources to assist them (family, job, education, etc.). Basically the suggestion is that those who are truly "drug dependent" offenders (and more specifically "people of color") are not getting into drug court or not staying very long.
The question then is, what is the appropriate "targeted population for drug court"? While the Drug Court field started out somewhat timidly dealing with less serious drug offenders, the research and experience of the past twenty years has proven conclusively the merit of working with those with longer criminal histories, more difficult personal issues such as illiteracy, mental illness, and lack of community resources, and critically, addiction/drug dependency (specifically, low risk offenders do not benefit, and in fact do worse than similar offenders who have not been placed in intensive treatment programs; University of Cincinnati)
But there are still some drug courts who prefer to focus on those with less serious drug problems. Those drug courts that are reluctant to take on the difficult drug dependent offender need to consider creating a drug court system that deals with their preferred clientel, but also provides separate tracks for those with more serious problems, specifically drug addiciton and mental illness (interestingly, researchers tell us that 60 to 80% of drug offenders are not "addicted or drug dependent"; see: Drug Court Systems, NDCI Monograph #2, J Tauber)
Consider this; If you don't put the serious drug dependent offender in your drug court program you are impacting the program's participant base (delaying entry by more than a week can by itself have a profound impact on your program's demographics). You are increasing the number of participants who are most likely to stray from the program and return to drugs, and limiting the program's availability to people who need it the most.
If you are still wondering whether your community's drug court is reaching your intended drug court participant demographic, ask yourself, your colleagues, and your community the following questions:
1. Are you delaying entry in to the program (it doesn't matter if the delay is for a valid reason, it's impact on participant demographics can be profound)
2. Are you screening participants to eliminate those with violence or mental illness in their backgrounds?
3. Do you have less than ten percent of those charged with drug offenses in your program?
4. Do you have smaller percentage of people of color entering (and graduating from your program) than are otherwise charged with the same offenses?
5. Do you screen out participants because they are too difficult or uncooperative, or believed to have little chance of success (the "you gotta hit bottom before we can help you" syndrome)
6. Do you create transportation barriers that defeat the participants' ability to comply; specifically, frequent monitoring, treatment, and rehabilitation requirements at different and/or difficult to reach locations?
7. Do you drive participants (and their attorneys) away from your program with unnecessarily punitive terms; keeping offenders in the program for longer than necessary or with unduly harsh sanctions (in some places 5 year programs/probation and suspended prison terms)
8. Do you make your screening decisions based on plea negotiations rather than competent psychological and medical assessments?
On the other hand, you may wish to consider an "EVIDENCE-BASED SENTENCING SYSTEM"……..
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text: A light source of wavelength lambda illuminates a metal and ejects photoelectrons with a maximum kinetic energy of 1.00 eV. A second light source with half the wavelength of the first ejects photoelectrons with a maximum kinetic energy of 4.00 eV. What is the work functin of the metal? I know I can use the equation for maximum kinetic energy defined by K=hf - phi where K is the maximum kinetic energy for emmitted electrons, h Planck's constant and f is frequency. Since we don't have frequency, I thought of rewriting the equation as K=hc/lambda - phi but now I don't know how to incorporate both light sources and to actually to solve for phi. Do I have to write two separate linear equations and solve them or is there something esle I'm supposed to be doing? Help please?


text:
from the movie:
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone
A Troll is a magical creature of prodigious strength and immense stupidity. Trolls generally reach a height of about twelve feet and weigh up to nearly a ton. They are dangerously violent and incredibly aggressive, and then engage in unpredictable behaviour; a bit comparable with giants. Trolls originated in Scandinavia, but are now found all across Europe. Trolls feed on raw flesh, and are not that fussy about what they eat, from animals to even humans.
Troll language is nothing more than simple grunts that only Trolls seem to be able to interpret, though skilled magical multi-linguists such as Barty Crouch can understand them. Trolls understand only a limited number of Human words, and some smarter ones can be skillfully trained as security Trolls. Professor Quirrell had a gift for communicating with Trolls, and then used it to set one loose in Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry in 1991 in an effort to steal the Philosopher's Stone. A Troll was Quirrell's contribution to guarding the Philosopher's Stone.
Artemius Lawson was an outspoken advocate for the strict restraint of trolls. He thought it was wrong to allow them to roam free, stating that "they were creatures who weighed a ton, but had brains the size of a bogey".


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The Bird That Clung To The Nest - PDF Preview
The Bird That Clung To The Nest
The Bird That Clung To The Nest
This is a comical children's book written to enhance one's vocabulary. It is a story about a birdie named "Eddy" that comes into the world as a little different and has troubles tweeting like the other birds.


Explore Panama's Natural Wonders in the BioMuseo
The Biomuseum is an eye-opening experience detailing the impact of Panama on the world's biodiversity. It is a museum that explores the profound link between the country's history and its natural heritage. Designed by arguably the most celebrated architect of our era, Frank Gehry, the museum centers around the formation of the isthmus of Panama and features five galleries, a botanical park, and many temporary exhibitions. Its combination of unusual shapes and bright colors is a reflection of the exuberant local biodiversity and Panama's colorful culture. It is a testament to Panama's commitment to sustainability and is a "must visit" for any traveler.
This Activity is...
More Stops Along Panama's Cultural Heritage Experience
If you're looking for more activities that celebrate Panama's diverse culture and unique history, the Cultural Heritage Experience is where you'll find them.


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"Shout with joy to God, all the earth! Sing the glory of his name; make his praise glorious!" (Psalm 66:1-2)
King David had a volume issue. He had this expectation that people praising the God of the universe should crank it up to 11 sometimes. He wanted to hear joyful shouting and loud singing – but not just noise. He wanted it to be both loud and "glorious," excellent, good.
We're tuning in to Psalm 66 this week to think about what it means to praise God. Sometimes we think of praising God as doing whatever the worship leader tells us to do for the 20 minutes before the preaching starts. Read the screen and follow along.
We'll see, though, that David praised with a purpose. There was a method to his glorious worship shouting. We're going to look at a few ways we can learn to praise and worship our glorious God on purpose, as well.
Think: How often do you shout with joy? Sporting events? Concerts? How often do you shout for joy to God? Does your church get loud and excellent when praising him? How could you make it even better?
Pray: Ask God to help you to shout with joy to him when the time is right and to sing the glory of his name and to make his praise glorious.
Do: Find the right time and place this week and do what today's verse tells us to do.Tweet


MSDN Library
How to: Manage Data Concurrency in the Object Context
[This topic is pre-release documentation and is subject to change in future releases. Blank topics are included as placeholders.]
This topic provides an example of how to manage concurrency in an object context. In this topic, you will generate and handle an OptimisticConcurrencyException when updating the Status property of SalesOrderHeader object. For more information, see Saving Changes and Managing Concurrency.
The example in this topic is based on the Adventure Works Sales Model. To run the code in this example, you must have already added the AdventureWorks Sales Model to your project and configured your project to use the Entity Framework. To do this, complete the procedures in How to: Manually Configure an Entity Framework Project and How to: Manually Define the Model and Mapping Files.
To successfully generate an OptimisticConcurrencyException, you must modify the Status property in the conceptual mapping file.
To enable concurrency checking on the Status property
 1. Open the AdventureWorks.csdl file and locate the definition for the SalesOrderHeader entity.
 2. Find the child Status element, and add the following attribute:
 ConcurrencyMode="fixed"

 3. Save changes to AdventureWorks.csdl.
 4. In the following example code, set a breakpoint after the foreach loop (For Each in Visual Basic) and run the application in debug mode.
 5. When the execution breaks, use SQL Server Management Studio to execute the following Transact-SQL command against the AdventureWorks database:
 UPDATE Sales.SalesOrderHeader SET Status = 1 WHERE CreditCardApprovalCode IS NULL.

 6. Restart program execution.
Example
In this example, changes to the Status property of the SalesOrderHeader object cause an OptimisticConcurrencyException when the procedure above is followed.
See Also
Show:
© 2016 Microsoft


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New ! Cable Free Modbus
Save on cabling. Perform easy temporary installations, Conduct tests, Cross the street, Connect remote buildings. All these and many more benefits from using wireless Modbus RTU.
"If you can't measure it, you can't manage it."
Often the barrier to measuring data is the cost/effort of installation. Reduce this cost and effort dramatically with Modhopper.
- No PC/Software Configuration
- Up to 128 devices
- Up to 1500ft per hop
- Up to 19200 baud on serial connection
- No Wireless Licenses
- Self Meshing
New ! Cable Free Modbus Applications
Accountability metering is a term used to describe the use of meters, sensors and software in commercial and industrial facilities to ensure that users are using energy efficiently. This process can be used to compare total usage for a number of different facilities or to measure energy usage within a single facility (a.k.a. behind-the-meter monitoring) or both. The purpose is to make users accountable for conforming to best practices in energy usage.
Tenant sub-metering is a broad term applied to the use of hardware and software to bill tenants in commercial facilities for their actual usage of energy. The goals of tenant sub-metering are: 1) to ensure that the owner recovers the cost of energy from tenants, and 2) to make sure that tenants with high energy usage are not subsidized by those with lower usage.
Measurement and Verification of Energy Retrofit Projects:
Meters and sensors are installed in a facility to monitor the energy savings from energy retrofit projects on systems such as lighting and HVAC (heating, ventilating and air conditioning). The sensors are connected to a data acquisition server (DAS) or building control system (BCS) and the run times or energy consumption are measured and compared to energy usage prior to the installation.
Data Center Monitoring:
The data acquisition server (DAS) is used to monitor the electrical loads and environmental conditions in Internet data centers. Specialized multiple circuit monitors from Veris Industries provide a cost effective means of monitoring loads on individual circuits in both new and retrofit installations.
System Integration and Data Acquisition:
Collect data from remote field devices with Modbus RU serial ports without installing cables . Combine Modhopper and FieldServers to perform easy cable free system integration applications. Collect field data from serial devices even if the field device does not support Modbus RTU. Examples. Fire Alarm Panels., HVAC equipment, sensors.
In October 2006 we were on-site in Calgary, AB helping customers integrate data from Power distribution systems, Branch Circuit Monitoring, UPS Monitoring, Generator Synch control and other field devices.
We can provide an engineer to support you during installation and commissioning. Add our FieldServer, BAS and PLC skills and you know you have the right team working for you.
Chipkin Auotmation Systems
Please feel free to contact us.


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I have an acyclic digraph that I would like to draw in a pleasing way, but I am having trouble finding a suitable algorithm that fits my special case. My problem is that I want to fix the x-coordinate of each vertex (with some vertices having the same x-coordinate), and only vary the y. My aesthetic criteria are (in order of importance):
 1. Ensure no two vertices are too close together
 2. Minimize edge crossings and near misses
 3. Make a reasonable use of the entire drawing space
I have tried several (modified) force-directed algorithms, but they haven't met my expectations on at least one of these - usually too many edge crossings.
Has anyone come across a problem like this, or can you point me to some good papers that deal with restrictions like this?
share|improve this question
I'm curious, do the x-coordinates reflect the graph structure (as mentioned by David) or are they an independent variable? And do you have rough estimates for the number of nodes and edges? – Martin M. W. Nov 12 '09 at 22:06
Yes, they reflect the structure of the graph - to be specific, the x axis is time. The graph currently has about 86 nodes and 74 edges, but it will be growing. I estimate a total for both nodes and edges somewhere between 400 and 500. – Brent Hagany Nov 13 '09 at 1:21
2 Answers 2
up vote 3 down vote accepted
If the x-coordinates are compatible with the acyclic structure of your DAG (that is, for an edge u->v, the x coordinate of u should always be less than that of v) then this is a standard problem in graph drawing, known as Sugiyama-style layered drawing. (Usually it is the y coordinates that are fixed but that makes no difference.) Some versions of the problem (e.g. finding the exact minimum number of edge crossings) can be NP-hard but effective heuristics are known. See e.g. chapter 9 of Di Battista, Tamassia, and Eades, "Graph Drawing: Algorithms for the Visualization of Graphs", Prentice-Hall, 1999.
Searching Google scholar for "layered graph drawing" should also turn up some more recent references, but be careful that some of them (including mine) which use the term to mean something unrelated.
share|improve this answer
Excellent, thank you! I think I am more familiar with the other meaning of layered graph drawing - it would have never occurred to me to search for that. I'm not too concerned about finding the absolute minimum number of crossings, so I think I should be able to avoid any NP-hardness. Anyway, I appreciate it. – Brent Hagany Nov 13 '09 at 1:30
The documentation for GraphViz (a software package that does this sort of thing) has a number of papers on the subject included.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


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Automotive manufacturers are facing increased pressure from more stringent emissions legislation and new legislative driving cycles. This creates a need for increased simulation capabilities. An engine simulation was developed in Ricardo WAVE, and was coupled with lower fidelity Ricardo IGNITE to enable the investigation of emissions and engine performance over different driving cycles. The simulation was validated against experimental engine emissions and performance data, obtained from the test cell, with good agreement. A provisional simulation using a 100 % bio-fuel yielded promising results that agreed with similar studies; thus enabling the impact of future renewables on emissions to be evaluated.
Van Niekerk, A. S., Kay, P. J., Drew, B., & Larsen, N. (2017, December). Development of multi-fidelity powertrain simulation for future legislation (abstract). Paper presented at Internal Combustion Engines 2017


text:
Canadian Federation of Agriculture warns nation's domestic food supply is being threatened by the COVID-19 pandemic
Canada's 200,000 farming families cannot ensure the nation's domestic food supply will remain secure for the immediate and long-term benefit of all Canadians, warns the Canadian Federation of Agriculture (CFA).
Saying much more needs to be done to counter the extraordinary challenges being faced by farmers due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Mary Robinson, President of the CFA, is urging Canadians to contact their local MPs and tell them how much they value the country's food supply system.
"Tell your elected representatives that Canadian farmers need support and backing now. We need to know government, as it has done for other industries, is there for our farmers, so that we can continue to do what we do best – grow food to feed all Canadians," she said in a statement following a virtual press conference.
"As farmers, we have carefully considered this message today. We do not want to create panic. At the same time, it would be irresponsible not to sound the alarm about the realities Canadian farmers are facing.
"In times of economic crisis and global uncertainty, Canadians have always been able to depend on farmers to do what we do best – grow food. Today, Canadian farmers need immediate, meaningful help from our federal government to continue fulfilling that responsibility. Agriculture, the foundation of our overall food supply is, at this very moment in time, at a tipping point. If we do not, as a nation, address the rising challenges immediately, Canadian consumers could see a decrease in the amount and variety of food at their local grocery stores as well as higher prices, in the months ahead."
On behalf of the CFA's 200,000 farming families, Robinson acknowledged government support to date, including the recently announced fund to help offset the significant costs of isolating temporary foreign workers when they arrive in Canada, but she said much more needs to be done.
"Unfortunately, this spring many Canadian farmers do not have enough workers to consider planting a 2020 crop. Labour was already a critical issue before the pandemic and has now escalated to the point that both farmers and food processors are worried that even if planting does proceed, harvesting and processing may not be possible without sufficient labour. We face the possibility that crops will rot in the fields, as is now happening in other countries," said Robinson.
Canadian farmers are also dealing with significantly increased costs associated with purchasing the necessary Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for their workers.
In addition, due to meat processing plant closures, farmers are being forced to keep and feed their livestock for an extended period of time, said Robinson.
"Canadian farmers are feeling increasingly stressed, with some farmers so worried about the mounting challenges, they are strongly considering stopping their farming operations to stave off financial disaster."
The CFA and its members are asking Ottawa t to create an Emergency Fund or financial backstop so farmers in need can access funds to help them overcome these mounting costs. Canadian farmers need to hear a clear commitment from government to instill necessary confidence for the 2020 planting season.
Sea farmers are also facing similar challenges said Tim Kennedy, executive director of the Canadian Aquaculture Industry Alliance (CAIA), which is a member of the Canadian Federation of Agriculture.
"The seafood sector has experienced significant reductions, with shellfish demand having almost completely collapsed in North America," said Kennedy.
"As members of the CFA, we support their calls for special attention to be given to the farm sector, to ensure Canadians access a diverse supply of fresh, local, nutritious food in the coming months, and to ensure a resilient farming and food supply sector in Canada."
Farmed food and seafood production has been declared "Essential Services and Functions in Canada During the COVID-19 Pandemic"
"Our front-line workers continue to produce healthy, sustainable, high quality local seafood products to grocery stores across Canada. Aquaculture companies have been taking all reasonable measures including introducing strict business critical travel policies and new operating procedures to protect valued employees and the communities where they operate" said Kennedy.
(Image shows Mary Robinson, President of the CFA, during her virtual press conference)


text:
Welcome to my blog! In this article, we will dive into the world of DIY CO2 systems for planted aquariums. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced hobbyist, this guide will provide you with all the information you need to create your own CO2 system and enhance the growth of your aquatic plants. Let's get started!
Table Of Content
- 1 Affordable and Effective DIY CO2 Systems for Planted Aquariums: A Comprehensive Guide
- 2 HOW TO MAKE A LOW TECH NO CO2 PLANTED AQUARIUM | STEP BY STEP AQUASCAPING TUTORIAL
- 3 What is a DIY CO2 System for Planted Aquariums?
- 4 How does a DIY CO2 System work?
- 5 Benefits of Using a DIY CO2 System
- 6 DIY CO2 System Setup and Maintenance
- 7 Tips for Optimizing a DIY CO2 System
- 8 Common Challenges and Troubleshooting
- 9 Safety Considerations
- 10 FAQ
- 10.1 How can I create a DIY CO2 system for my planted aquarium using easily accessible materials?
- 10.2 What are the key components and steps involved in setting up a DIY CO2 system for a planted aquarium?
- 10.3 Are there any potential risks or drawbacks associated with using a DIY CO2 system in a planted aquarium, and how can they be minimized or avoided?
Affordable and Effective DIY CO2 Systems for Planted Aquariums: A Comprehensive Guide
Affordable and Effective DIY CO2 Systems for Planted Aquariums: A Comprehensive Guide
Are you a passionate fish keeper with a planted aquarium? Are you looking for a cost-effective way to enhance the growth and health of your aquatic plants? Look no further! In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the world of Do-It-Yourself (DIY) CO2 systems for planted aquariums.
Why use a CO2 system?
Aquatic plants require carbon dioxide (CO2) for photosynthesis, just like terrestrial plants. In a well-maintained planted aquarium, the natural supply of CO2 might not be sufficient to meet the demands of all the plants. Adding a CO2 system can provide the necessary boost to ensure vigorous plant growth, vibrant colors, and improved oxygen production.
The benefits of DIY CO2 systems
By opting for a DIY CO2 system, you can save money compared to pricey commercially available setups. Additionally, these systems offer flexibility and customization options, allowing you to adjust the CO2 levels according to your specific aquarium needs.
Components of a DIY CO2 system
1. CO2 generator: The heart of a DIY CO2 system is the CO2 generator, also known as a fermentation reactor. This device utilizes a mixture of citric acid or vinegar and baking soda to produce carbon dioxide gas.
2. Airline tubing: Used to connect the CO2 generator to other components, airline tubing ensures the smooth flow of CO2 into the aquarium.
3. Bubble counter: This device indicates the rate at which CO2 is being released into the aquarium. It helps in controlling and adjusting the amount of CO2 being injected.
4. Check valve: A check valve prevents the backflow of water into the CO2 system, ensuring the system remains secure and prevents damage to equipment.
5. Diffuser: A diffuser ensures efficient diffusion of CO2 into the aquarium water, maximizing plant uptake.
Setting up a DIY CO2 system
1. Install the CO2 generator following the manufacturer's instructions. Ensure it is securely fastened and placed within reach for easy maintenance.
2. Connect the airline tubing to both the CO2 generator and the diffuser. Use secure fittings or clamps to prevent any leaks.
3. Attach the bubble counter to the airline tubing between the CO2 generator and the diffuser. Fill the bubble counter with water to enable accurate CO2 monitoring.
4. Install the check valve on the airline tubing between the CO2 generator and the diffuser. This will prevent water from flowing back into the CO2 system if there is a power outage or other disruptions.
5. Place the diffuser inside the aquarium, preferably near an area with good water circulation. This will ensure efficient distribution of CO2 throughout the tank.
6. Adjust the CO2 release rate using the CO2 generator. Start with a low setting and gradually increase it while monitoring the impact on the plants and livestock in the aquarium.
Maintaining a DIY CO2 system
Regularly monitor the CO2 levels using the bubble counter and adjust as necessary. Refill or replace the CO2 generator mixture when it runs out. Clean the diffuser occasionally to maintain optimal performance.
With a DIY CO2 system, you can provide your planted aquarium with the necessary carbon dioxide for lush plant growth without breaking the bank. By understanding the components and proper setup, you can create an affordable and effective CO2 system that will benefit both the plants and the overall health of your aquarium.
HOW TO MAKE A LOW TECH NO CO2 PLANTED AQUARIUM | STEP BY STEP AQUASCAPING TUTORIAL
What is a DIY CO2 System for Planted Aquariums?
A DIY CO2 system for planted aquariums is a homemade setup that allows aquarium hobbyists to inject carbon dioxide into their tanks to promote healthy plant growth. It is an affordable alternative to commercial CO2 systems and can be customized based on the specific needs of the aquarium.
How does a DIY CO2 System work?
A DIY CO2 system typically consists of a CO2 generator, a diffusion method, and a bubble counter. The CO2 generator combines yeast, sugar, and water in a sealed container, creating a fermentation process that produces carbon dioxide. The generated CO2 then passes through a diffusion method, such as a ceramic diffuser or a reactor, which disperses it into the water. The bubble counter is used to monitor the rate of CO2 injection into the aquarium.
Benefits of Using a DIY CO2 System
Using a DIY CO2 system in a planted aquarium provides several benefits. Firstly, it enhances plant growth by providing an additional source of carbon dioxide, which is essential for photosynthesis. This results in healthier and more vibrant plants. Secondly, a DIY CO2 system is cost-effective compared to commercial systems, making it ideal for budget-conscious hobbyists. Lastly, DIY CO2 systems offer flexibility and customization options, allowing aquarists to adjust the CO2 levels according to their specific tank requirements.
DIY CO2 System Setup and Maintenance
To set up a DIY CO2 system for a planted aquarium, you will need a few essential components, including a CO2 generator, a diffusion method, a bubble counter, and tubing. The setup process involves mixing the CO2 generator ingredients, assembling the components, and ensuring a secure and airtight connection. Regular maintenance is also crucial to ensure consistent CO2 production, such as replacing the yeast mixture periodically and monitoring the bubble count.
Tips for Optimizing a DIY CO2 System
To optimize the performance of a DIY CO2 system, consider the following tips:
- Use a quality diffusion method to ensure efficient CO2 distribution.
- Place the diffuser near the aquarium's water flow for better circulation.
- Monitor and adjust the CO2 injection rate to maintain a stable pH level.
- Regularly check for leaks in the system to prevent CO2 wastage.
- Supplement the CO2 with adequate lighting and nutrients for optimal plant growth.
Common Challenges and Troubleshooting
While DIY CO2 systems can be effective, they may present certain challenges. Common issues include inconsistent CO2 production, difficulty in controlling CO2 levels, and potential disruptions in the fermentation process. To troubleshoot these problems, consider adjusting the yeast/sugar ratio, ensuring airtight connections, and regularly cleaning the diffusion method to prevent clogging.
When using a DIY CO2 system, it is important to prioritize safety. CO2 can be harmful in high concentrations, so ensure proper ventilation in the aquarium area. Avoid overpressurizing the system, as it may lead to leaks or damage. Additionally, handle the yeast mixture with care and keep it away from children and pets.
How can I create a DIY CO2 system for my planted aquarium using easily accessible materials?
To create a DIY CO2 system for your planted aquarium using easily accessible materials, you will need the following:
1. Plastic soda bottle: Choose a bottle size depending on the size of your aquarium. A 2-liter bottle would work for most home aquariums.
2. Airline tubing: This is a flexible tube that connects the CO2 generator to the aquarium.
3. Check valve: This prevents water from siphoning back into the CO2 generator.
4. Diffuser: This is an attachment that distributes the CO2 into the water in fine bubbles. You can use a ceramic diffuser or a simple airstone.
5. Baking soda: Acts as a source of carbon dioxide when mixed with citric acid.
6. Citric acid: When mixed with baking soda and water, it reacts to produce carbon dioxide.
7. T-connector: Used to connect the airline tubing, check valve, and diffuser.
Now follow these steps to create your DIY CO2 system:
1. Clean and rinse the soda bottle thoroughly.
2. Drill two holes in the bottle cap—one for the airline tubing to enter and another for the check valve to exit.
3. Attach one end of the airline tubing to the check valve and insert the other end through the hole in the bottle cap.
4. Fill the bottle about halfway with lukewarm water, leaving enough space for gas expansion.
5. In a separate container, mix baking soda with water (1 cup baking soda per 2 cups water) until it


text:
Resource efficiency and secondary raw material management as a contribution to climate protection
Working together with German and local consultancy companies, GIZ advises political decision-makers at national, state and municipal level on the options for conserving resources and secondary raw materials. It assists them in creating appropriate conditions and incentives for a more efficient use of resources.
GIZ involves the private sector in its advisory activities, as companies themselves produce the secondary raw materials that they can feed back into their own production process. Thus playing an important role in increasing the sustainable use of resources and secondary raw materials.
The project contributes to resource conservation, environment protection and climate change mitigation.
Further results of the international cooperation include the development of a common understanding of raw materials productivity and secondary raw materials management as well as the identification of potential pilot initiatives in the construction and car manufacturing industries.
2014 to 2017
Climate Change Mitigation, Resource efficiency, Retrofitting
Lead implementing agency
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH
Lead executing agency
Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MoEF&CC)


text:
A 2 kW solar furnace was used to vaporize a graphite target for fullerene synthesis. Tests were performed in a wide range of vaporization rates (0.1–4 g/h), under variable pressure and argon flow rate. Experimental results are interpreted with numerical simulation to define key parameters for large-scale synthesis of fullerenes with solar energy. We demonstrate that the vaporization process is controlled by diffusion in the temperature and pressure ranges 3000–3700 K and 70–250 hPa respectively.
Experimental data and numerical simulation suggest that in the solar reactor, fullerene yield is governed by the dilution of carbon vapor in argon and by the temperature gradient in the cooling zone. Criteria for both parameters are suggested. Consequently, these data, combined with the numerical model accounting for heat, mass and fluid flow inside the reactor, may be used for the design of large-scale solar process.


, or nil if no error occurs */ public typealias CreditCardTransitionHandler = (_ pending: Bool, _ card: CreditCard?, _ error: ErrorResponse?) -> Void /** Completion handler - parameter pending: Provides pending flag, indicating that transition was accepted, but current status can be reviewed later. Note that VerificationMethod object is nil in this case - parameter verificationMethod: Provides VerificationMethod object, or nil if pending (Bool) flag is true or if error occurs - parameter error: Provides error object, or nil if no error occurs */ public typealias VerifyHandler = (_ pending: Bool, _ verificationMethod: VerificationMethod?, _ error: ErrorResponse?) -> Void /** Completion handler - parameter verificationMethods: Provides VerificationMethods objects, or nil if error occurs - parameter error: Provides error object, or nil if no error occurs */ public typealias VerifyMethodsHandler = (_ verificationMethods: ResultCollection<VerificationMethod>?, _ error: ErrorResponse?) -> Void /** Completion handler - parameter verificationMethod: Provides VerificationMethod object, or nil if error occurs - parameter error: Provides error object, or nil if no error occurs */ public typealias VerifyMethodHandler = (_ verificationMethod: VerificationMethod?, _ error: ErrorResponse?) -> Void // MARK: - Internal Functions func createCreditCard(_ url: String, cardInfo: CardInfo, deviceId: String?, completion: @escaping CreditCardHandler) { prepareAuthAndKeyHeaders { [weak self] (headers, error) in guard let strongSelf = self else { return } guard let headers = headers else { DispatchQueue.main.async { completion(nil, error) } return } guard let cardJSON = cardInfo.toJSONString() else { completion(nil, ErrorResponse(domain: RestClient.self, errorCode: nil, errorMessage: "Failed to parse JSON")) return } let jweObject = JWE(.A256GCMKW, enc: .A256GCM, payload: cardJSON, keyId: headers[RestClient.fpKeyIdKey]!) guard let encrypted = try? jweObject.encrypt(strongSelf.secret), let unwrappedEncrypted = encrypted else { completion(nil, ErrorResponse(domain: RestClient.self, errorCode: nil, errorMessage: "Failed to encrypt object")) return } var parameters: [String: String] = ["encryptedData": unwrappedEncrypted] if let deviceId = deviceId { parameters["deviceId"] = deviceId } self?.restRequest.makeRequest(url: url, method: .post, parameters: parameters, encoding: JSONEncoding.default, headers: headers) { (resultValue, error) in guard let strongSelf = self else { return } guard let resultValue = resultValue else { completion(nil, error) return } let card = try? CreditCard(resultValue) card?.applySecret(strongSelf.secret, expectedKeyId: headers[RestClient.fpKeyIdKey]) card?.client = self completion(card, error) } } } func creditCards(_ url: String, excludeState: [String], limit: Int, offset: Int, deviceId: String?, completion: @escaping CreditCardsHandler) { var parameters: [String: Any] = ["excludeState": excludeState.joined(separator: ","), "limit": limit, "offset": offset] if let deviceId = deviceId { parameters["deviceId"] = deviceId } makeGetCall(url, parameters: parameters, completion: completion) } func getCreditCard(_ url: String, completion: @escaping CreditCardHandler) { makeGetCall(url, parameters: nil, completion: completion) } func updateCreditCard(_ url: String, name: String?, address: Address, completion: @escaping CreditCardHandler) { prepareAuthAndKeyHeaders { [weak self] (headers, error) in guard let strongSelf = self else { return } guard let headers = headers else { DispatchQueue.main.async { completion(nil, error) } return } var operations: [[String: String]] = [] var parameters: [String: Any] = [:] if let name = name { operations.append(["op": "replace", "path": "/name", "value": name]) } if let street1 = address.street1 { operations.append(["op": "replace", "path": "/address/street1", "value": street1]) } if let street2 = address.street2 { operations.append(["op": "replace", "path": "/address/street2", "value": street2]) } if let city = address.city { operations.append(["op": "replace", "path": "/address/city", "value": city]) } if let state = address.state { operations.append(["op": "replace", "path": "/address/state", "value": state]) } if let postalCode = address.postalCode { operations.append(["op": "replace", "path": "/address/postalCode", "value": postalCode]) } if let countryCode = address.countryCode { operations.append(["op": "replace", "path": "/address/countryCode", "value": countryCode]) } if let updateJSON = operations.JSONString { let jweObject = JWE(JWTAlgorithm.A256GCMKW, enc: JWTEncryption.A256GCM, payload: updateJSON, keyId: headers[RestClient.fpKeyIdKey]!) if let encrypted = try? jweObject.encrypt(strongSelf.secret)! { parameters["encryptedData"] = encrypted } } self?.makePatchCall(url, parameters: parameters, encoding: JSONEncoding.default, completion: completion) } } func acceptCall(_ url: String, completion: @escaping CreditCardTransitionHandler) { prepareAuthAndKeyHeaders { [weak self] (headers, error) in guard let headers = headers else { DispatchQueue.main.async { completion(false, nil, error) } return } self?.restRequest.makeRequest(url: url, method: .post, parameters: nil, encoding: JSONEncoding.default, headers: headers) { (resultValue, error) in guard let resultValue = resultValue else { self?.handleTransitionResponse(error, completion: completion) return } let card = try? CreditCard(resultValue) card?.client = self completion(false, card, nil) } } } func selectVerificationType(_ url: String, completion: @escaping VerifyHandler) { prepareAuthAndKeyHeaders { [weak self] (headers, error) in guard let headers = headers else { DispatchQueue.main.async { completion(false, nil, error) } return } self?.restRequest.makeRequest(url: url, method: .post, parameters: nil, encoding: JSONEncoding.default, headers: headers) { (resultValue, error) in guard let resultValue = resultValue else { self?.handleVerifyResponse(error, completion: completion) return } let verificationMethod = try? VerificationMethod(resultValue) verificationMethod?.client = self completion(false, verificationMethod, error) } } } func verify(_ url: String, verificationCode: String, completion: @escaping VerifyHandler) { prepareAuthAndKeyHeaders { [weak self] (headers, error) in guard let headers = headers else { DispatchQueue.main.async { completion(false, nil, error


Here's Why Coke Had Different Taste Around the Globe
Dec 30, 2020 12:20 AM EST | By Josh Summers (
Here's Why Coke have a Different taste Around the World
(Photo : Justin Sullivan)
An aerial drone view of a Coca-Cola billboard in the South of Market Area on October 26, 2020 in San Francisco, California. A Coca-Cola billboard that has been park of San Francisco's South of Market landscape since 1937 is slated to be taken down by the Coca-Cola company. The removal will cost an estimated $100,000.
Whenever people get thirsty, drinking a bottle of cola, like Coke, can help you soothe that feeling. Typically, it has the same taste, but have you ever wondered how it tastes in other countries around the world?
According to Small Business, the Coca-Cola Company produces syrup concentrate then sells them to bottlers around the globe who can manufacture and distribute the finished products to different vending partners and consumers.
You might think that it might taste the same because technically, Coke is owned by one company worldwide. But according to Mashed, the beverage may taste different in other countries. It even mentioned a discussion that weighs if Mexican Coke tastes better than the Coke in the United States.
Easy Co2 also says that Coke from around the world does not have the same taste.
Read also: Coca Cola Milk Reaction: Concerned About Health? [WATCH] Can Coke Really Cause Osteoporosis?
Different taste of Coke from Around the world
Coke tastes different from around the world because of certain factors that affect the product itself.
Mashed mentions that one notable difference between the Coke from the United States and other parts of the world is the sugar added to the drink. Easy Co2 adds that the companies who own franchises can decide their water level, carbonation, and sweeteners mixed with the Coke concentrate.
Easy Co2 furthers that companies can also decide whether to use less concentrate, sugar, and carbonation. In this way, the beverage could be adjusted to the region's palate or taste.
Thus, even a global brand could adjust its product's taste based on its location. For example, when McDonald's China releases their Spam and Oreo burger, which leads some people shock and awe.
Another factor that makes Coke's taste a little bit distinct from each other is the sugar that is used. Mashed mentions that Mexican Coke utilizes cane sugar, while American Coke uses high fructose corn syrup.
Easy Co2 explains that this is done because sugar has a higher price in the United States. That is why only the US is the country that uses this kind of sweetener for its famous beverage.
Coca-Cola explains on its website that the same fizzy drink can have a slight difference in the taste. Coca-Cola Middle East issues the same statement and says that this can happen because of the difference in the temperature where the product is consumed, the foods partnered, and the storage's condition, where the beverage is situated before consuming.
Even though the taste is likely different from each one, fizzy drinks like Coke shall be taken in moderation because it still has sweeteners added to satisfy people's taste and palate.
Related article: There's More to "Mexican Coke" Than Meets the Tongue
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text:
Planetary nebula or symbiotic Mira? Near infrared colours mark the difference*
Institut für Astrophysik der Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria ()
Corresponding author: S. Schmeja, _EMAIL_
Accepted: 17 August 2001
Nebulae around symbiotic Miras look very much like genuine planetary nebulae, although they are formed in a slightly different way. We present near infrared photometry of known and suspected symbiotic nebulae obtained with the Deep Near Infrared Southern Sky Survey (DENIS). We demonstrate that the near infrared colours are an excellent tool to distinguish symbiotic from genuine planetary nebulae. In particular we find that the bipolar planetary nebulae M 2-9 and Mz 3 are in fact symbiotic Miras. Further observations on prototype symbiotic Miras prove that the proposed classification scheme works generally.
Key words: planetary nebulae: general / binaries: symbiotic / stars: AGB and post-AGB / stars: winds, outflows
© ESO, 2001


Congenital thumb anomalies and the consequences for daily life: patients' long-term experience after corrective surgery. A qualitative study
Forskningsoutput: TidskriftsbidragArtikel i vetenskaplig tidskriftPeer review
4 Citeringar (SciVal)
384 Nedladdningar (Pure)
Sammanfattning
Purpose: The aim of the study was to explore patients' long-term experience of a congenital hand problem, and the consequences for daily life. Method: Fifteen participants with a median age 24 years (17–55 years), born with thumb hypoplasia/aplasia or thumb duplication were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were subjected to qualitative content analysis. Results: Although the mobility and strength in the thumb/hand(s) varied within the group, hand function was generally described as good. Compensatory strategies were used to overcome practical obstacles. The emotional reactions to being visibly different from peers in early life varied from total acceptance and a sense of pride in being special, to deep distress and social withdrawal. Support from parents, teachers and others was important in facing emotional challenges and practical consequences. Conclusion: The present study highlights the importance of healthcare professionals addressing appearance-related concerns which may have long-term emotional and social consequences for patients born with a thumb anomaly. Implications for RehabilitationAppearance-related concerns and need for emotional support should be fully considered throughout the rehabilitation process to prevent distress and social withdrawal.Effective problem-solving strategies, such as compensation, change in occupational performance and support from others may reduce activity limitations and participation restriction.
Originalspråkengelska
Sidor (från-till)69-75
TidskriftDisability and Rehabilitation
Volym40
Utgåva1
Tidigt onlinedatum2016 nov. 28
DOI
StatusPublished - 2018
Ämnesklassifikation (UKÄ)
 - Arbetsterapi
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Session
Testing, Debugging and Monitoring & Security
Exhibit Hall A
Moderator: Peipei Zhou
Abstract:
Chat is not available.
Tue 30 Aug. 16:00 - 16:18 PDT
Revelio: ML-Generated Debugging Queries for Finding Root Causes in Distributed Systems
Pradeep Dogga · Karthik Narasimhan · Anirudh Sivaraman · Shiv Saini · George Varghese · Ravi Netravali
A major difficulty in debugging distributed systems lies in manually determining which of the many available debugging tools to use and how to query that tool's logs. Our own study of a production debugging workflow confirms the magnitude of this burden. This paper explores whether a deep neural network trained on past bug reports and debugging logs can assist developers in distributed systems debugging. We present Revelio, a debugging assistant which takes user reports and system logs as input, and outputs debugging queries that developers can use to find a bug's root cause. The key challenges lie in (1) combining inputs of different types (e.g., natural language reports and quantitative logs) and (2) generalizing to unseen faults. Revelio addresses these by employ-ing deep neural networks to uniformly embed diverse input sources and potential queries into a high-dimensional vector space. In addition, it exploits observations from production systems to factorize query generation into two computationally and statistically simpler learning tasks. To evaluate Revelio, we built a testbed with multiple distributed applications and debugging tools. By injecting faults and training on logs and reports from 800 Mechanical Turkers, we show that Revelio includes the most helpful query in its predicted list of top-3 relevant queries 96% of the time. Our developer study confirms the utility of Revelio.
Tue 30 Aug. 16:18 - 16:36 PDT
Randomness in Neural Network Training: Characterizing the Impact of Tooling
Donglin Zhuang · Xingyao Zhang · Shuaiwen Song · Sara Hooker
The quest for determinism in machine learning has disproportionately focused on characterizing the impact of noise introduced by algorithmic design choices. In this work, we address a less well understood and studied question: how does our choice of tooling introduce randomness to deep neural network training. We conduct large scale experiments across different types of hardware, accelerators, state-of-the-art networks, and open-source datasets, to characterize how tooling choices contribute to the level of non-determinism in a system, the impact of said non-determinism, and the cost of eliminating different sources of noise. Our findings suggest that the impact of non-determinism is nuanced. While top-line metrics such as top-1 accuracy are not noticeably impacted, model performance on certain parts of the data distribution is far more sensitive to the introduction of randomness. Our results suggest that deterministic tooling is critical for AI safety. However, we also find that the cost of ensuring determinism varies dramatically between neural network architectures and hardware types, e.g., with overhead up to \textit{746\%} on a spectrum of widely used GPU accelerator architectures, relative to non-deterministic training.
Tue 30 Aug. 16:36 - 16:54 PDT
Synthesizing Optimal Parallelism Placement and Reduction Strategies on Hierarchical Systems for Deep Learning
Ningning Xie · Tamara Norman · Dominik Grewe · Dimitrios Vytiniotis
We present a novel characterization of the mapping of multiple parallelism forms(e.g. data and model parallelism) onto hierarchical accelerator systems that ishierarchy-aware and greatly reduces the space of software-to-hardware mapping.We experimentally verify the substantial effect of these mappings on all-reduceperformance (up to 448x). We offer a novel syntax-guided programsynthesis framework that is able to decompose reductions over one or moreparallelism axes to sequences of collectives in a hierarchy- and mapping-awareway. For 69% of parallelism placements and user requested reductions, ourframework synthesizes programs that outperform the default all-reduceimplementation when evaluated on different GPU hierarchies (max 2.04x,average 1.27x). We complement our synthesis tool with a simulatorexceeding 90% top-10 accuracy, which therefore reduces the need for massiveevaluations of synthesis results to determine a small set of optimal programsand mappings.
Tue 30 Aug. 16:54 - 17:12 PDT
dPRO: A Generic Performance Diagnosis and Optimization Toolkit for Expediting Distributed DNN Training
Hanpeng Hu · Chenyu Jiang · Yuchen Zhong · Yanghua Peng · Chuan Wu · Yibo Zhu · Haibin Lin · Chuanxiong Guo
Distributed training using multiple devices (i.e., GPU servers) has been widely adopted for learning DNN models over large datasets. However, the performance of large-scale distributed training tends to be far from linear speed-up in practice. Given the complexity of distributed systems, it is challenging to identify the root cause(s) of inefficiency and exercise effective performance optimizations when unexpected low training speed occurs. To date, there exists no software tool which diagnoses performance issues and helps expedite distributed DNN training, while the training can be run using different machine learning frameworks. This paper proposes dPRO, a toolkit that includes: (1) an efficient profiler that collects runtime traces of distributed DNN training across multiple frameworks, especially fine-grained communication traces, and constructs global data flow graphs including detailed communication operations for accurate replay; (2) an optimizer that effectively identifies performance bottlenecks and explores optimization strategies (from computation, communication and memory aspects) for training acceleration. We implement dPRO on multiple deep learning frameworks (PyTorch, TensorFlow, MXNet) and representative communication schemes (AllReduce and Parameter Server architecture). Extensive experiments show that dPRO predicts performance of distributed training in various settings with<5% errors in most cases and finds optimization strategies with up to87.1%speed-up over the baselines.
Tue 30 Aug. 17:12 - 17:30 PDT
A Tale of Two Models: Constructing Evasive Attacks on Edge Models
Wei Hao · Aahil Awatramani · Jiayang Hu · Chengzhi Mao · Pin-Chun Chen · Eyal Cidon · Asaf Cidon · Junfeng Yang
Full-precision deep learning models are typically too large or costly to deploy on edge devices. To accommodate to the limited hardware resources, models are adapted to the edge using various edge-adaptation techniques, such as quantization and pruning.While such techniques may have a negligible impact on top-line accuracy, the adapted models exhibit subtle differences in output compared to the original model from which they are derived.In this paper, we introduce a new evasive attack, DIVA, that exploits these differences in edge adaptation, by adding adversarial noise to input data that maximizes the output difference between the original and adapted model. Such an attack is particularly dangerous, because the malicious input will trick the adapted model running on the edge, but will be virtually undetectable by the original model, which typically serves as the authoritative model version, used for validation, debugging and retraining.We compare DIVA to a state-of-the-art attack, PGD, and show that DIVA is only 1.7--3.6% worse on attacking the adapted model but 1.9--4.2 times more likely not to be detected by the the original model under a whitebox and semi-blackbox setting, compared to PGD.


text: This picture shows an excerpt from a high-resolution image of the area around the Eiffel Tower. For this interferogram, two images of the same scene, taken from slightly different positions, were superimposed. The resultant coloured rings are an indicator of the relative height of the depicted objects. The variation in colour across the length of the Eiffel Tower enables the precise height of the tower to be established, providing of course that you know the precise position of the satellite at the time the images were captured. These two images were taken on 16 and 27 January 2008 respectively. In the configuration shown here, a complete run through the colour spectrum equates to a height difference of 321 metres, which corresponds precisely to the height of the Eiffel Tower.


text:
William Sharp, one of the first chromolithographic printers in the U.S., created these extraordinary illustrations for the large folio Victoria Regia (1854) by John Fisk Allen. Allen, a well-known horticulturalist, cultivated a specimen of the rare, huge (up to 8 feet in diameter), fast-growing (up to an inch an hour!) water lily, native to the Amazon. After months of careful tending, the plant—named in honor of the recently-crowned Queen Victoria—blossomed on the evening of July 21, 1853. Sharp's depictions of this exotic wonder—in various stages of bloom—were masterpieces and elevated the then-nascent art of chromolithography to spectacular new heights.
image captions: All images are from a copy of Victoria Regia in our collections. Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens.


ActionsDifferent tools that the customer can use e.g. to save their products or add content into the canvas.
Bounding BoxA bounding box is a rectangular area. You can define bounding boxes by setting the position (top, left) and size (width, height) of the box or you can use another element in the same view as bounding box by using the title of this element.
The canvas is the working surface in which elements are added to. The canvas has fixed width and height in pixels.
Cross Sells ProductsA function that advertises the customers design on different types of products.
An element can be an image or text object. These elements can be customized depending on the defined properties.
Different Layers of the product that are placed on top of each other to create the customizable product (e.g. a colored base and a shadow overlay of a t-shirt).
MaskA tool that only shows designs inside a provided svg path.
ModulesChoose between different modules such as images, text, designs or drawings to create your custom interface for the product configurator.
The parameters defining the properties of the elements.
Product Builder
The tool that is used to set up a fancy product.
A code snippet that is used to insert predefinded content on a website.
A small preview image that represents the product.
UI Composer
A tool that lets you create the Layout of the customizer shown in your website.
Upload ZoneA rectangular area tin which customers can upload their images.
ViewA fancy product can have different views that shows the product out of different angles.
The views can also be used to represent different pages of a book.


text:
Pronunciation: (hip'u-krit),[key] —n. 1. a person who pretends to have virtues, moral or religious beliefs, principles, etc., that he or she does not actually possess, esp. a person whose actions belie stated beliefs.
2. a person who feigns some desirable or publicly approved attitude, esp. one whose private life, opinions, or statements belie his or her public statements.