Global Functions - Useful JavaScript Functions (BIRT)
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Examples (BIRT)
Global Functions - Useful JavaScript Functions (BIRT) This example does not have a Bugzilla ID all code entered on the page.
Basic JavaScript is a good language but there are significant bits of function that are not supported. This page contains examples of useful JavaScript functions that can assist with report development.
BIRT Version Compatibility
This example was built using version 2.2 M5.
Example Files
Rather than enter these examples as functions. Each example is just pasted here in the code.
Creating Global Functions
In order for these functions to be globally accessible the function needs to be added as a global. The recommended procedure here is to use the reportContext.setPersistentGlobalVariable(name, value) function. So lets imagine that we want to create a global logging function. We would want to add the following code to any Script handler that has access to the reportContext.
function log ( str ){
reportContext.setPersistentGlobalVariable("log", log);
From that point forward, any other expression or script can access logging by just calling log("message");
The most logical place to add the creation of your global functions is the initialize method of the Report component (the top component in the outline view). Alternately, you may want to add the function to a template.
The following is the collection of useful global functions.
UCWord (upper case first letter)
Sometimes you want to be able to have just the first letter of word capitalized, at the start of a sentence for example. This function does that for you.
function UCWord(str){
// split string
firstChar = str.substring(0,1);
remainChar = str.substring(1);
// convert case
firstChar = firstChar.toUpperCase();
remainChar = remainChar.toLowerCase();
return firstChar + remainChar
// Make function globally available reportContext.setPersistentGlobalVariable("UCWord", UCWord);
UCWord("ALLCAPS"); = gives => Allcaps
UCWord("alllower"); = gives => Alllower
UCWord("MiXeDuP"); = gives => Mixedup


text: Abstract : We study experimentally different situations of impact of solids onto liquids. We first study the impact at large velocity of a solid sphere in a liquid bath. We observe the sphere's deceleration. We deduce from these laws the force exerted on the sphere by the fluid, and show that a highly sheared foam behaves like a viscous fluid. Such violent impacts also cause air entrapment. We describe the shape of the cavity created in the liquid : tunnel-like in foam, vase-shaped in a viscous oil, it can look like a spiral in water if the projectile is spinning. We then focus on low-velocity impacts on liquid films : soap films or viscous layers spread on solid surfaces. Capillary forces are comparable to the projectiles' inertia. We show that a bead hitting a film can be stucked in the liquid. A foam, containing a large number of such liquid films, can then slow down and trap particles by capillarity.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Scala Map class examples (adding, removing, updating, iterating)
Here's a quick look at how to use the Scala Map class, with a collection of Map class examples.
The immutable Map class is in scope by default, so you can create an immutable map without an import, like this:
val states = Map("AL" -> "Alabama", "AK" -> "Alaska")
To create a mutable Map, import it first:
var states = scala.collection.mutable.Map("AL" -> "Alabama")
Adding, removing, and updating mutable Map elements
The following examples show how to add, remove, and update elements in a mutable Scala Map:
// create an empty map
var states = scala.collection.mutable.Map[String, String]()
// create a map with initial elements
var states = scala.collection.mutable.Map("AL" -> "Alabama", "AK" -> "Alaska")
// add elements with +=
states += ("AZ" -> "Arizona")
states += ("CO" -> "Colorado", "KY" -> "Kentucky")
// remove elements with -=
states -= "KY"
states -= ("AZ", "CO")
// update elements by reassigning them
states("AK") = "Alaska, The Big State"
Iterating over Scala maps
Once you have a Map, you can iterate over it using several different techniques. I prefer using the for loop (or for-comprehension):
scala> val m1 = Map("fname" -> "Al", "lname" -> "Alexander")
scala> for ((k,v) <- m1) printf("key: %s, value: %s\n", k, v)
key: fname, value: Al
key: lname, value: Alexander
This page has some other Map and for-loop examples, which I've reproduced here:
// version 1 (tuples)
m1 foreach (x => println (x._1 + "-->" + x._2))
// version 2 (foreach and case)
m1 foreach {case (key, value) => println (key + "-->" + value)}
You can choose whatever format you prefer.
A few more ways to iterate over a Scala Map
To demonstrate a more "real world" example of looping over a Scala Map, while I was working through some programming examples in the book, Programming Collective Intelligence, I decided to code them up in Scala.
To begin with, I defined my Scala Map like this:
val p1Ratings = Map(
 "Lady in the Water"-> 3.0,
 "Snakes on a Plane"-> 4.0,
 "You, Me and Dupree"-> 3.5
In my case, when I'm iterating over the Map I'm really just interested in the Map keys, so the cleanest way to loop over every Map element is like this:
p1Ratings.keys.foreach( (movie) =>
 if (p2Ratings.contains(movie)) similarItems += (movie -> true)
While I chose that looping method in my code, I could also use the "tuples" approach, where movie is a Tuple, and I only use the first element of the Tuple, which happens to be my keys:
p1Ratings foreach ( (movie) =>
 if (p2Ratings.contains(movie._1)) similarItems += (movie._1 -> true)
In that approach, I ignore the second element of each Tuple, because I don't need it. (Which is why I don't like this approach for this instance.)
In a similar approach, I loop over the Map as shown next, creating a field named rating1 which I again don't use because I don't need it:
for ((movie1, rating1) <- p1Ratings) {
 if (p2Ratings.contains(movie1)) similarItems += (movie1 -> true)
These last two approaches will work better, and look a little more logical, if you need to access the key and value for each map element, but in my case, since I don't need to values, I'm using the first approach shown above.
Summary: Scala Map classes
In summary, I hope these Scala Map class examples have been helpful. As you can see, it's easy to create and use a Scala Map.


text:
World Services for the Blind was founded in 1947 by Roy Kumpe to serve people who are blind and visually impaired who needed to learn independent living skills or job training skills that considered the special requirements of their individual visual impairments. The goal of the rehabilitation center then, and today, is to prepare the individual who is blind or visually impaired to function independently in our "sighted" society.
What we offer
- Life skills training, from learning Braille to mastering home management techniques, which give our clients independence.
- Career training in a number of vocational programs that empower graduates to thrive in today's high-tech workplace.
- Access for people 55 and older who are losing their sight to regain their independence through the Older Blind Program.
"Without World Services for the Blind, and the opportunity for employment that it offered, I would still be struggling against the current, and still unsure of my future."

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text: Did you know that cold, almost frozen water causes fish to hibernate? During the cold months of the year when water temperatures drop to 40 degrees or less, fish stop eating as much food and their growth slows down. The cold water acts like an appetite suppressant for fish. That is also one of the main reasons why bait fishing is not very successful in winter months. That is something I learned while working at the fish hatchery.


On the Performance and Complexity of Channel-Optimized Vector Quantizers.
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TR_89-14.pdf(517.2 KB)
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Date
1989
Authors
Farvardin, Nariman
Advisor
Citation
DRUM DOI
Abstract
In this correspondence, the performance and complexity of channel-optimized vector quantizers are studied for the Gauss- Markov source. Some interesting observations on the geometric structure of these quantizers are made which have an important implication on the encoding complexity. For the squared-error distortion measure, it is shown that while the optimum partition is not described by the nearest-neighbor rule, an operation equivalent to a Euclidean distance measurement with respect to an appropriately defined set of points (used to identify the encoding regions) can be used to perform the encoding. This implies that the encoding complexity is proportional to the number of encoding regions. It is then demonstrated that for very noisy channels and a heavily correlated source, when the codebook size is large the number of encoding regions is considerably smaller than the codebook size - implying a reduction in encoding complexity.
Notes
Rights


The process of making Millefiori
Millefiori Glass Cane and Rod
Millefiori Glass Canes
Pattern of Millefiori Canes
Millefiori Beads are made from glasses of different colors, while their different shapes are formed by pressing upon the surface of glass canes.The technique of Millefiori Glass making involves the use of many slices of glass canes (Murrine Cane) in order to create a mosaic pattern.
Millefiori Murano Glass is made by glass canes or rods (Murrine Cane). The origin of the canes is from Italy, despite their plain exterior look, however, its interior look has versatile patterns including floral, star, heart and geometric patterns.
Millefiori Glass Mould
Millefiori Glass Canes
The patterns are created using moulds that are made from canes.
Before creating Millefiori Beads, artisans need to make a small, rough glass globe mixture called globule. On the end of a steel pole where the globule is placed, it is dipped into a glass mixture made from different colors. After each dipping, a multi-colors layered sphere is formed that grows in size.
The process of making millefiori cane
This sphere is then placed in a special mould made from Millefiori glass canes (Murrine Canes) to give the Millefiori product the necessary shape. Millefiori glass canes or rods have a plain exterior look, however, the interior is with astonishing floral patterns. Star and geometric shapes are also typical patterns in these canes or rods.
After that, the multi-colors layered sphere is dipped into a transparent glass mixture that gives a shiny and round outer surface, the special mould gives it a glass-like surface finish. When the glass melts, the sphere attached to the end of the long steel pole is gently made
Making Millefiori Beads
How Millefiori Beads Made
This makes each Millefiori Murano Glass so much artistic value and unique. The creations have extraordinary designs and rich colors.
The rod is then cut up into the desired size that results in Millefiori Beads. When the beads are still in semi-liquid state, they are placed into furnace to create a smoother surface and to reach other desired effects.
Next, the product is put in a special furnace with the temperature set and the heating is done to strengthen the glass. Millefiori Beads are usually in rich coloring and longer than the traditional beads.


Pricey Handbags and Helpful Behavior Don't Mix
Brand-name luxury outlets provide visual reminders of materialistic values, decreasing pedestrians' inclination to help strangers.
By Tom Jacobs
(Photo: deepwarren/Flickr)
Are you the sort of person who will come to the aid of a struggling stranger?
The answer may depend on the specific shops lining the street where the two of you meet.
Newly published research finds customers emerging from prestigious, luxury-brand stores in Paris were less likely than passersby to provide urgent requested assistance. While that news may confirm stereotypes about the self-involved one percent, a second finding suggests a more subtle psychological effect.
The researchers report pedestrians who were approached near such famous-brand outlets were less helpful than those who were stopped on a nearby residential street. It seems such stores embody the ethos of materialism, and just being in their immediate proximity can negatively affect one's behavior.
"Cues related to possession, luxury, and prestige" can apparently trigger a me-first mindset, decreasing one's likelihood of helping a stranger, according to a research team led by Lubomir Lamy of Paris Descartes University. The researchers' study is published in the journal Social Influence.
Who knew strolling down Rodeo Drive was hazardous to your moral health?
Lamy and his colleagues conducted three experiments. The first featured 80 pedestrians (40 men and 40 women) who were "walking alone in the Paris Triangle d'Or,which includes the prestigious (shopping) streets avenue des Champs-Elysees and avenue Montaigne."
The devil may not wear Prada, but the attitudes the brand activates appear to be anything but angelic.
Each pedestrian witnessed a college-age woman, wearing a large leg brace and walking with the aid of a crutch, "accidentally" drop her bottle of water and packet of candies. The researchers noted whether the targeted passerby offered assistance.
Among those who had just exited a luxury store such as Dior, Chanel, or Versace, only 35 percent extended or offered help. In contrast, 77.5 percent of other pedestrians did so. Apparently fashion doesn't mix with compassion.
The second experiment featured 112 pedestrians who were approached either on Paris' place Vendome (home of exclusive jewelry and watch stores), or on a nearby side street featuring apartment buildings.
Each was stopped by a young woman who was pushing another in a wheelchair. The young woman explained in a worried voice that she had lost her cell phone, and asked if the person could "please stay close to my friend a few minutes" while she looked for it at a nearby restaurant they had just patronized.
"Among participants asked for help near a luxury store, 23.2 percent gave help," the researchers write, "whereas 82.1 percent gave help in the control, 'ordinary street' condition."
A final, similarly structured experiment found this effect only occurred on streets containing luxury stores, as opposed to those lined with ordinary shops.
"The place Vendome concentrates mainly on watch and jewelry brands, whereas the avenue Montaigne is dedicated to fashion," Lamy and his colleagues note. "Taken together, these results suggest that whatever the brand type, reminders of luxury would inhibit helpfulness more readily than reminders of non-luxury shopping."
But why? "Materialistic reminders may have increased self-enhancement and competitive values," the researchers speculate, "which in turn would decrease trusting and benevolent behavior, and a sense of being concerned about, and connected to, other people."
These first-of-their-kind findings are consistent with several earlier studies by Nicolas Gueguen (a co-author of this new paper), including one that found people who had just handled money at an ATM machine were less likely to engage in helpful behavior.
So if you find yourself needing to rely on the kindness of strangers, stay away from both banks and luxury-brand shops. The devil may not wear Prada, but the attitudes the brand activates appear to be anything but angelic.


'At night' versus 'In the night'
1-He works at night.
2- He works in the night.
3- He works nights.
Do all have the same meaning?
Hi Tom,
I would suggest (1) refers to doing work at night probably of a clerical /academic nature because then it's quiet.
I think (2) would refer to someone doing something when the rest of us are asleep but I can only think of Dracula!
(3) would refer to someone who works during the night instead of during the day as part of some shift system and that could be as a police officer or a nurse in a hospital.
I immediately thought of a burglar or some kind of gangster. But on the other hand, Batman works in the night a lot.
Thank you, Alan and Jamie!
All those examples were good but could there be some flexibility in them? :o I mean, Alan, can a student work in the night and a thief at night? In other words, your examples showed that all of the sentences are grammatically correct–could they be interchanged regardless of who is working?
Thanks in advance
In English, you can never say never, but I don't think they would normally be interchangeable.
Hi Tom
I agree with Alan and Jamie. Grammar is only part of language (as you know ;)). You also have to get the meanings and associations right.
My pet barked all night.
In the above sentence, the grammar is correct, but the meaning? What if my pet is a cat? 8)


text:
Decimals: Terminating or Repeating?
Date: 01/26/2001 at 15:10:31 From: Seegee Subject: How to tell if decimals are terminating or repeating? How can you tell just by looking at a fraction whether, in decimal form, it will terminate or repeat? My math teacher said there was a way, but I don't see how. Please help.
Date: 01/26/2001 at 15:49:23 From: Doctor Greenie Subject: Re: How to tell if decimals are terminating or repeating? Hi, Seegee - If a decimal fraction terminates, then it has a name like one of the following: " ____ tenths" " ____ hundredths" " ____ thousandths" " ____ ten-thousandths"... " ____ millionths"... " ____ ten-billionths"... etc., etc. When you write these numbers as common fractions, what is special about the denominators? The answer to that question should be a big hint toward the answer to your question, but it won't give the complete answer. For example, here are a couple of fractions whose decimal representations terminate but that don't have names from the "infinite" list above: 3/4 (=.75) and 5/8 (=.625). So why do these two have terminating decimals, while a fraction like 1/3 does not? It is because the first two can be written as equivalent fractions with names from the list above, while the fraction 1/3 cannot: 3/4 = 75/100 = seventy-five hundredths 5/8 = 625/1000 = six hundred twenty-five thousandths but you can't write 1/3 = a/10 or = b/100 or = c/1000 or.... where a, b, c, or any other of the numerators are integers. I have still only hinted at the precise answer to your question. If you can't quite figure out the whole answer after studying what I've written, you can find the complete answer in the Dr. Math archives. Click on the "Search the Archives" link on the main Dr. Math page and use "repeating decimal" or "terminating decimal" as the phrase to search for (do not use quotation marks, but be sure to click on the button that makes the search engine look for the entire phrase instead of the individual words). The search will provide you with links to several pages where this question is discussed. - Doctor Greenie, The Math Forum _URL_
Date: 01/26/2001 at 15:32:14 From: Doctor Rob Subject: Re: How to tell if decimals are terminating or repeating? Thanks for writing to Ask Dr. Math, Seegee. The fraction will terminate if and only if the denominator has for prime divisors only 2 and 5, that is, if and only if the denominator has the form 2^a * 5^b for some exponents a >= 0 and b >= 0. The number of decimal places until it terminates is the larger of a and b. The proof of this lies in the fact that every terminating decimal has the form n/10^e, for some e >= 0 (e is the number of places to the right that the decimal point must be moved to give you an integer, and n is that integer), and every fraction of that form has a terminating decimal found by writing down n and moving the decimal point e places to the left. Now when you cancel common factors from n/10^e = n/(2*5)^e = n/(2^e*5^e), it may reduce the exponents in the denominator, but that is all that can happen. - Doctor Rob, The Math Forum _URL_
Search the Dr. Math Library:
Ask Dr. MathTM
© _PHONE_ The Math Forum


text:
Measurements:44.4 x 38.3 cm
Vaughan was self-taught as an artist. Through these contacts he formed part of the neo-romantic circle of the immediate post-war period. However, Vaughan rapidly developed an idiosyncratic style which moved him away from the Neo-Romantics. Concentrating on studies of male figures, his works became increasingly abstract. His style is from romanticism to abstraction. This work is his later painting ,so it's more abstract.
From the title ,we know the painting is about cattle shed ,but when we watch the work ,we can't recognize it appearance. We just can see it looks like a house and he used the different color to express different part of the "house". The color He used which are the dark tone. I choose this artwork ,the reason is the colour ,which attracted me the most. The color collocation is very harmonious,and the work composed of some color ,it looks very simple, but there are a plenty of other colors In a color.
Using different materials of fabric splicing，due to different fabric texture is different, there will be different effects. With different shades of the color of the mix will be more hierarchical. In the overall collocation using a bright color will make the whole shape to add highlights,there are also some bright colors like orange and green in the painting to brighten the whole painting.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
2 Essential Features of Genuine Fractals
Genuine Fractals, also referred to as Perfect Resize, is an application used to enlarge and resize images. It has become very appreciated by professionals because it can enlarge an image without losing sharpness or detail in the process. Here are some essential features of this program.
1. General Features
Using interpolation as main technique, Genuine Fractals can perform the following tasks:
- Enlarge an image to the desired size and resolution
- Discard edge halos and preserve refined image detail
- Easily crop and redimension images
Genuine Fractals renders lines sharper than Photoshop, but does not promise any improvement in the resolution. It does not replace missing detail, but it is far better than any other editing software used for resizing images.
2. Essential New Features
The developers of Genuine Fractals have improved some of the existing features and added the following new ones:
- Control of smoothness to decrease artifacts in the resizing process and a loupe tool for previews
- New presets
- Two brand new sharpening methods
The Gallery Wrap has some updates as well so that it can provide quick previews while processing the image. Genuine Fractals is compatible with Lightroom, Photoshop and Aperture, but it can also work as an individual application.


text:
The mission of Virginia's public education system is to educate students in the fundamental knowledge and academic subjects that they need to become capable, responsible, and self-reliant citizens. Therefore, the mission of the Virginia Board of Education and the superintendent of public instruction, in cooperation with local school boards, is to increase student learning and academic achievement.Superintendent of Public Instruction – Patricia I. Wright
Dr. Wright serves as the executive officer of the Virginia Department of Education (VDOE), which is the administrative agency for the commonwealth's public schools. She also serves as secretary of the Board of Education. Visit the Superintendent of Public Instruction
Virginia Board of Education
The Board of Education is the governing and policy-making body for the Virginia system of public elementary and secondary education. Its work touches all facets of education from accountability and evaluation to curriculum and teacher education. More about the Board of Education.


text:
All About Co-operatives
With roots in England in the mid-1800s, co-operatives evolved as an economic and business model tailored to meet the specific needs of a refined group of people. Near the end of the 19th century, the concept took root in Quebec, which today is home to more co-ops than anywhere else on the continent. In Western Canada, the co-operative movement centred around the growth of the grain pools in each of the Prairie provinces as a means to help farmers source affordable inputs, and increase their marketing power on international markets.
Despite the fact that more than 1.4 million Ontarians are members of at least one co-operative, the general public, as well as academics, business leaders and Government officials are by-and-large unaware of co-ops and their power as a positive economic and societal force.
Support co-operatives with your wallet: Buy Gay Lea or Organic Meadow dairy products, ride in a Co-op Cab or shop at Mountain Equipment Co-op. Thirsty: Try Welch's, Sunkist or Ocean Spray. Visit a credit union.
- Download the 'What is a Co-operative' FactSheet from the "Related Documents" section, at the top right of this page.
- Read a report submitted by On Co-op to Ontario's Ministry of Economic Development and Trade about the contributions made by co-ops and the challenges faced by our sector.
The pages in the All About Co-operatives area of On Co-op's website are a place to learn more about co-operatives—where they came from, how they work and how they help their communities. Explore this page and those listed in the links to the right to find out what makes the co-op model a better way to do business. Be sure to check out the FactSheets On Co-op has developed. The series has more than 20 FactSheets and includes 'What is a Co-op', The FactSheet series also explores the differences between a co-op and - a non-profit, a charity and a traditional business enterprise; the best practices group discusses hiring a co-op consultant or auditor; and the sector specific group explores many of the co-op sectors. Search for all of the FactSheets through the Co-op Resources menu, or click on the "For More Information" link at the bottom of this page.
Co-operative Enterprises Build A Stronger Community
Co-ops are a way for communities to exercise control over the economic, social and cultural activities that affect the lives of community members. Establishing co-operatives and credit unions in our communities (or for a community of people) is a powerful and democratic way to put economic power in the hands of those who need and use the services.
Rooted in the community by member participation and commitment, co-operatives are community economic development in practise. Co-operative and credit unions are directed locally and invested-in locally. Because the surplus of co-op enterprises belong to their members, profits and investment dollars stay within the community.
But it's not just about profit. At the core of every co-op's history is an unmet need—for financial services, employment, a specific product or service, affordable housing, a marketing service or more participation in community development. Through co-operation, communities are able to come together and meet that need for themselves.
Co-operatives Contribute to Sustainability
Co-ops have multiple bottom lines that include social as well as financial objectives. In many communities, co-operatives have stayed to serve their members long after other businesses have fled to more profitable locales. For example, there are numerous communities in Ontario where credit unions are the only source of financial services. As a result, co-operatives tend to be more stable than other forms of business, and contribute to a more sustainable community life.
Co-operatives contribute to environmental sustainability as well. Rather than a single financial bottom line, or even a double financial and social bottom line, some co-ops strive to maintain a triple bottom line: financial, social, and environmental. Co-ops try to do business in a way that will keep local communities, as well as the wider community of the earth that sustains them, healthy. Thus co-operatives are at the forefront of the current boom in green energy, establishing environmentally-friendly power sources like the wind turbine in Exhibition Place in Toronto.


why bother with DbC?
 The difference between DbC and unit tests (and really, you should be doing both) is that if a test can be expressed as a constraint then it is useful to simply express that as a contract, while if the test is a specific input to output matching test then it is going to be useful as a separate unit test. When you run your unit tests the contract constraints will automatically get checked. More importantly they will help isolate exactly where the error occured when testing integrated systems. Furthermore, by putting constraints as contracts you have improved your API documentation (any decent DbC system includes automated inclusion of contract information in API documentation) which helps other people use your code correctly, and makes maintenance easier.
 Finally contracts allow automated testing. That's where you automatically generate data to pass to the code and let the contracts act as a test oracle to catch and locate problems. With something like AutoTest for Eiffel the data generation can be purely random (constrained by preconditions of course), or designed to sample the input according to best coverage via genertic algorithms, etc. The result is that you find corner cases that you might not have anticipated with your unit tests - and you would be surprised how often that happens, AutoTest found a number of subtle bugs in Eiffel's base libraries which had been production code for years.
 When there's a DbC language or add-on that checks the contracts at compile time, I'll be interested.
 Then you really need to check out JML [iastate.edu] and ESC/Java2, and Spec# [microsoft.com], because you would be interested.
 - by Sircus ( 16869 )
 Then you really need to check out JML [iastate.edu] and ESC/Java2, and Spec# [microsoft.com], because you would be interested.
 Thanks - I'll check out JML and ESC/Java2 (we're using Java throughout, both client and server-side).
 - Re: (Score:2, Insightful)
 by Tablizer ( 95088 )
 if a test can be expressed as a constraint then it is useful to simply express that as a contract,
 Us table-heads who like to shift the processing burden to the database instead of application languages would point out that this resembles database constraints and triggers.

 - DBC has a greater requirement towards designing everything up front.
 XP allows you to be more flexible in your approach, and supports the need
 to constantly refactor your code.
 In my experience, at the start of a complex project, we are never sure of
 all the answers. The ability to pull together small pieces, to constantly
 refactor as we learn more and to work in a close team outweighs the
 big-systems sort of approach where everything is specified to the last
 detail before you start.
 Tried both, DBC stuck in the th
 - by NovaX ( 37364 )
 Wow, that's so utterly wrong. You write contracts against methods, and thus express in the code explicitly the method's intent. This makes it easier to refactor because the code is clearer and the callers can't abuse it. You have an easier time refactoring this type of code because you know it is correct. And its easier to test after you've refactored because it won't hide bugs by spitting out wrong answers, but instead make them known. People who put the tiny amount required will have enough pride in thei
 - by Coryoth ( 254751 )
 DBC has a greater requirement towards designing everything up front. XP allows you to be more flexible in your approach, and supports the need to constantly refactor your code.
 That DbC is up front design is simply not true. You can do "Contract Driven Design" as well as you can do "Test Driven Design" (though of course combining tests and contracts, using each where they make sense - contrct for constraints, tests for explicit input to output mappings - is the best bet). Indeed there are even frameworks like ESpec [yorku.ca] which are specifically designed for doing XP in Eiffel using contracts. Try reading one of the ESpec papers on XP programming with ESpec [yorku.ca]. Think of it this way - DbC is
 - Already mostly done (Score:4, Informative)
 by Todd Knarr ( 15451 ) on Saturday March 10, 2007 @05:45AM (#_PHONE_) Homepage
 As has been noted, most programmers already do design-by-contract, they just don't call it that. They call it argument checking. The first thing most routines do is validate their arguments, and return an error if any of them are invalid. The last thing done is to check the results and return an error if the results aren't valid. The calling code then checks for error codes or invalid results (eg. a search function returning a null pointer indicating the item wasn't found).
 In the real world I often skip this overhead when the conditions are enforced elsewhere. For example, a data structure needed by an internal function may not have to be checked for existence since if it hadn't been created my initialization function would've detected this and signaled an error and the program would've exited. In cases like that, I either omit the check or wrap it in an ifdef so it's only done during development and ignored by the compiler during the release build.
 Don't make the mistake of confusing the name of a concept with the concept itself. You'll find quite often that that nifty shiny-new concept someone's presenting as their own has actually been around for 30-40 years and they've just added some chrome, filed off the serial numbers and changed the name to keep you from noticing this.
 - by Coryoth ( 254751 )
 As has been noted, most programmers already do design-by-contract, they just don't call it that. They call it argument checking.
 The argument against this is that it is confusing implementation and specification. A contract is separate from the code implementing the function, and is automatically included in the API documentation for the function. That makes it easier for other people to use the code (they don't have to have access to the source code, or bother reading through all your code, just to be able to know they are calling your code correctly and what they can expect of the result), and for you to maintain your code. There'
 - The first thing most routines do is validate their arguments
 Let me modify that just a little bit: "The first thing most routines should do is validate their arguments."
 A large majority of the security and stability problems we see in software occur precisely because (lazy|busy|rushed|incompetent) programmers didn't do this. When you're faced with that problem having the language force you to do the right thing can be helpful.
 Also many languages don't have all the right tools to make argument checking easy.
 - by Coryoth ( 254751 )
 Just because you're interested I'll do a little boosterism for the Java DbC system because it is actually pretty cool. First I'll admit the downside: it works by embedding annotations for contracts in comments (like JavaDoc comments basically) which makes it a little bit hacked on, but you take what you can get. The upsides include: good tool support, so not only do you get a compiler that converts annotations into runtime checks, but a version of JavaDoc that incorporates annotations into the auto-generate
 - Cool. Thanks for the reply and journal link. I haven't read the whole thing yet, but I'll review it for a new project I'm starting work on soon. I'm funding this one myself, and somehow that makes design by contract much more appealing. :)
 - I wonder who voted your post to five informative, as you seem to be quite uninformed on the topic. DbC isn't argument checking. As Bertrand Meyer states in his seminal "Object-Oriented Software Construction":
 Non-Redundancy principle: Under no circumstances shall the body of a routine ever test for the routine's precondition.
 This rule is the reverse of what many software engineering or programming methodology textbooks advocate, often under the name of defensive programming -- the idea that to obtain reli
 - Re: (Score:3, Insightful)
 by Todd Knarr ( 15451 )
 Unfortunately Mr. Meyer runs up against the halting problem. If the definition of a function, or the contract, says that a parameter must never be the NULL pointer, there are two choices: the code must check whether that pointer is NULL, or it must be proven that that pointer can never possibly be NULL. The second is, with the current state of the art, impossible no matter what language constructs are around to help. That means the check has to be done, the only question is whether it's done by the caller o
 - by imbaczek ( 690596 ) <_EMAIL_ minus poet> on Saturday March 10, 2007 @06:35AM (#_PHONE_) Journal
 assert(condition) is your friend. It's not called a contract, it's not design (but a very good practice!) and it does the job well.
 - Or, better yet... (Score:5, Informative)
 by Chemisor ( 97276 ) on Saturday March 10, 2007 @


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BAL in the News
In 2015, a BAL learning initiative focused on the importance of racial diversity in the classroom was featured on WNYC:
The American School Counselor Association recommends a counselor-student ratio of 1:250. But the students are in impoverished districts, and many have been affected by the trauma that comes with living in neighborhoods with high crime rates, gang activity or unstable housing situations. Listen to the feature on WNYC below to hear our principal discuss the importance of this guidance.
"We have someone every year of the way through high school who's going to be able to make sure a kid is tuned in and focused on the academic prowess that's going to allow them to access college and careers," said Cardet-Hernandez.


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Newborn Biomonitoring Methods
MN Biomonitoring is conducting studies to find the best way to measure mercury in newborns. These studies are comparing mercury levels in different types of biological samples – cord blood, dried newborn blood spots and mother's blood. All studies are conducted with informed consent from the mothers. The results will provide important information for measuring chemicals in newborns from different Minnesota communities.
About the Studies
- Pregnancy and Newborns Exposure Study: A collaboration with the University of Minnesota's The Infant Development and Environment Study (TIDES). This study is comparing mercury concentrations in paired bloodspots and cord blood from 48 Twin Cities women and infants. The study is also measuring lead and cadmium in these newborns. Results will help determine whether testing newborn bloodspots is a reliable way to measure mercury in newborns.
- Riverside Newborn Mercury Study: A collaboration with the University of Minnesota's Riverside Birth Study. This study is measuring mercury in newborn bloodspots from 160 newborns born to Twin Cities women. Results will show mercury levels in newborns from a large and diverse urban area.
- National Children's Study Newborn Mercury Validation: A collaboration with the National Children's Study (NCS). This study is measuring mercury in matched cord blood and newborn bloodspots from 83 newborns, and maternal blood samples from 49 of these mothers. It includes NCS participants from Yellow Medicine, Pipestone and Lincoln Counties, Minnesota and Brookings, South Dakota. Results will compare mercury in different types of biological samples and will show mercury levels in several rural Minnesota communities.
Results Available Soon
The MDH Public Health Laboratory is conducting all laboratory analyses. We will post results here when they are available.
For questions or more information, contact Minnesota Biomonitoring: Chemicals in people.


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Plant Inspection Training
TWI offers plant inspector training courses at three competency levels, in modular format, for a clearly defined and structured career path. Each level leads to an internationally recognised CSWIP qualification.
Resources of successful plant operators can be stretched when faced with unforeseen problems or when time-investment is required for long-term planning. TWI plant inspector training courses prepare engineers for these pressures by teaching them how to identify the most cost-effective practical solution using state-of-the-art assessment tools and techniques.
This internationally recognised CSWIP plant inspector certification scheme responds to the critical need of industry to ensure that engineers involved in asset integrity management are suitably qualified to deliver optimised plant inspection and assessment.
CSWIP Plant Inspector - Level 1
CSWIP Plant Inspector - Levels 2/3
These plant inspection courses are designed for plant engineers, welding/NDT inspectors/practitioners, materials and corrosion engineers, and plant inspectors responsible for managing the safety and integrity of ageing process equipment, pipelines, boilers and storage tanks.
The scheme will suit personnel working for manufacturing works (Vendor), inspection organisations, equipment owners and operators, classification societies, insurance companies and safety regulators. The training has three goals:
to ensure inspectors and engineers responsible for assessing plant integrity have the essential tools and skills
to recognise and certify plant inspector competence
to provide a structured career path for continuing professional development of plant integrity practitioners through formal training/certification


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16-year-old Helena Muffly wrote exactly 100 years ago today:
Friday, April 14, 1911: I spent most of my time indoors today for the weather was decidedly dreary and ugly. Had a time hiding pop corn this afternoon from Jimmie and Mother.
Her middle-aged granddaughter's comments 100 years later:
A hundred years ago on this date it would have been Good Friday. I wonder if the family was making any preparations for Easter. The April 1, 1911 issue of Ladies Home Journal provided suggestions for dyeing Easter eggs:
Easter Egg Dye
A harmless dye for Easter eggs is made by boiling the eggs with onion skins. Put the eggs on to boil in cold water, with enough onion skins to cover them. Boil till the eggs are hard. They will come out in pretty shades of brown and red. Polish them with a soft flannel cloth. Two cupfuls of onion skins will color eight or ten eggs.
I used white eggs and the outer skins from yellow onions to test these directions. The eggs were easy to color–and the dyed eggs are a pretty reddish-brown. I'm amazed how the skins of yellow onions produce a dye that is so red.


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|'Life in 1810' is topic of program offered at County Museum on September 8|
|Written by George Browning|
|Tuesday, 04 September 2012 00:00|
A veteran speaker and re-enactor will bring to life one of his favorite topics, "Pioneer Life in 1810," at the Scott County Heritage Center and Museum on Saturday, September 8.
The free event at 2 p.m. that day is offered as part of Pigeon Roost Remembered Day, an observance of the 200th anniversary of the Pigeon Roost Massacre in which 24 men, women and children were killed by Indians on September 3, 1812.
Kevin Stonerock has brought history to life for thousands of children, young people and adults. His living history program will be performed in authentic period clothing in the first-person style. His "Hoosier pioneer" is a character compiled from several different historical accounts of the period from 1770 to 1810. It centers around the life of Andrew Amonett, a frontiersman of the Indiana Territory.
Complete with tall tales, Stonerock's presentation deals with various aspects of frontier life and dangers faced in the Indiana Territory just before the start of the War of 1812. Topics include trapping, militia service, Indian affairs, tools, weapons and frontier clothing.
Stonerock has performed for 30 years and presented over 3,500 programs. He wrote, directed and performed in "Plum Creek Anthology," which is presented annually in Vevay.
There is no charge for attending his program at the museum. Visitors are asked to bring lawn chairs to enjoy the performance in comfort on the museum's front steps.


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The actor registry in CAF keeps track of the number of running actors and allows
to map actors to their ID or a custom atom (see Atoms) representing a
name. The registry does not contain all actors. Actors have to be stored in
the registry explicitly. Users can access the registry through an actor system
system.registry(). The registry stores actors using
strong_actor_ptr (see Pointer).
Users can use the registry to make actors system-wide available by name. The Middleman uses the registry to keep track of all actors known to remote nodes in order to serialize and deserialize them. Actors are removed automatically when they terminate.
It is worth mentioning that the registry is not synchronized between connected actor system. Each actor system has its own, local registry in a distributed setting.
||Returns the actor associated to given ID.|
||Returns the actor associated to given name.|
||Returns all name mappings.|
||Returns the number of currently running actors.|
||Maps an actor to its ID.|
||Removes an ID mapping from the registry.|
||Maps an actor to a name.|
||Removes a name mapping from the registry.|


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Small Water and Wastewater Systems
Decentralised Water and Wastewater Systems: Advances in Technology and Recycling
AWA's Small Water and Wastewater Systems Specialist Network invites you to submit an abstract for their National Conference, to be held in Newcastle, NSW on 13-15 August 2014.
The number and diversity of small water and wastewater systems is on the rise in Australia. Today decentralised water systems are re-emerging as long term solutions to water scarcity and the constraints of the centralised approach.
The themes of the conference focus on public health , environmental and economic sustainability , stakeholder engagement , water recycling and technological innovation . Keynote presentations will examine national and international perspectives on decentralised water and wastewater systems.


text: The striped textiles of Yemen were famous throughout the Islamic world. They were made in the resist‑dyed ikat technique to form patterns of arrowheads and diamonds. Inscriptions on Yemeni ikats are often painted, as in this example. Such inscribed textiles were called tiraz, from the Persian word meaning "embroidery." They were produced in tiraz workshops under royal control. Such textiles usually bore inscriptions naming the current ruler or caliph to whom the recipient owed loyalty. Tiraz textiles were presented by rulers as robes of honor at formal ceremonies.


text: La3+-doped BaSnO3 microtubes (La3+–BaSnO3) have been synthesized by electrospinning method, and the influence of La3+ content on the sensing properties of BaSnO3 for detection of formaldehyde vapor has been investigated. The as-prepared materials have been characterized using XRD, SEM, DSC, XPS, and UV-Vis. The La3+–BaSnO3 sample doped with 4 wt% La exhibited a response as high as 220 to formaldehyde vapor (1000 ppm concentration) along with a very low detection limit of 0.1 ppm at 270 °C, whereas at 140 °C, it exhibited a response of 80 and detection limit of 1 ppm. In addition, the sensor showed excellent selectivity of 57 to formaldehyde at 140 °C when compared with other vapors. Further, the sensor also showed good repeatability and stability over a long period of time suggesting its strong potential as a commercial formaldehyde sensor.


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In this article, we'll focus on the changes being proposed to the Class 4b formula, with specific attention paid to the way our Class 4b formula accounts for the value of the whey stream generated as part of the cheese-making process.
In order to fully comprehend the California minimum price formula for milk sold to cheese plants, we need a basic understanding of how the milk is utilized by these plants. To assist in that, CDFA has created a "Simplified Flowchart of a Cheese Plant with By-Product Processing."
You can find it at right or at: _URL_ While each cheese plant is unique, this flowchart captures the basic utilization of raw milk by a plant processing cheese and whey products.
As you can see on the flowchart, during the course of the cheese-making process, the curds and whey are separated, with the curds further processed into the different varieties of cheese. The whey stream is also available to be further processed, with the whey cream able to be skimmed from the whey stream and churned into whey butter.
The flowchart shows that cheese plants can also take the whey skim and further process it into products like whey protein concentrate, lactose or skim whey powder (often referred to as "dry whey").
In past CDFA hearings, testimony from the state's cheese-makers pointed out that not every plant has the infrastructure to process their whey stream. In 2008, CDFA released data on this issue, showing that while only 14 of the 61 plants operating in California at that time processed their whey stream, those 14 plants represented almost 90 percent of the volume of milk being purchased by our cheese plants.
So it's fair to say that while some of the smaller cheese plants in the state (many of whom are likely making a specialty cheese that receives a premium over cheddar cheese in the market) are not processing their whey stream, a vast majority of our milk sold to cheese plants is being processed into various whey products.
So why is this important?
The reason we need to understand how milk is used by processors is because in California (as well as in Federal Order areas), we've chosen to set our minimum milk prices using an "end-product pricing system."
That means in order to determine the minimum prices producers must be paid for their milk, we start with the value of the dairy products being made (butter, nfdm, cheese and dry whey) and work backwards.
A little history
Prior to 2003, the California Class 4b formula did not account for the value of dry whey when calculating the minimum price paid by cheese plants. But starting in April 2003, the Class 4b formula was amended to include a "dry whey factor."
That original formula to determine the dry whey factor was:
Dry Whey Factor = (Dairy Market News' "Western" Dry Whey Price MINUS a "Make Allowance" of $0.17 per lb.) TIMES a "Yield" of 5.8 (The "yield" of 5.8 accounts for the fact that CDFA estimated that 5.8 lbs of dry whey could be manufactured from 100 lbs of standardized raw milk.)
From 2003 until 2007, that formula was amended by CDFA twice through their hearing process, with both amendments resulting in a higher make allowance for dry whey (first it was increased to $0.20 per lb in 2005, then again increased to $0.267 per lb in 2006).
In 2007, after dry whey values that spring/summer had shot up above $0.80 per lb (which added more than $3 per hundredweight to the Class 4b minimum price during those months), CDFA held another hearing and decided to remove the formula used to calculate the "Dry Whey Factor," and instead assigned a constant value of $0.25 per hundredweight (cwt) as the "Dry Whey Factor."
That's what has been in place since December 2007.
At the same time, the Federal Orders have maintained a variable "Dry Whey Factor" using a formula similar to the California formula referenced above:
Other Solids Price = (NASS Dry whey price MINUS a "Make Allowance" of $0.1991 per lb) TIMES a moisture adjustment of 1.03 TIMES a "Yield" of 5.9
One of the most notable differences between this Federal Order dry whey factor and the pre-2007 formula used in California is the substantial difference in Make Allowances (the Federal Order make allowance from 2003 – present has ranged from $0.159 to $0.1991 per lb, while the California make allowance ranged from $0.17 to $0.267 per lb).
This is an issue that warrants a larger article by itself, so I won't go into those points right now.
The main point being focused on now is that for the past 42 months, California's "dry whey factor" has been a constant $0.25 per cwt, while the Federal Order "dry whey factor" has ranged from ($0.26) to $1.79 per cwt (that's right … when the price of dry whey is below the make allowance level, the Federal Order formula – as well as the pre-2007 California formula – has a negative dry whey factor).
With dry whey values escalating in recent months above $0.50 per lb, the gap between the California dry whey factor and the Federal Order dry whey factor is at its highest point in recent years – a difference of $1.54 per cwt in May 2011.
This difference between how California dairy families and their counterparts in Federal Order areas are paid for the value of the whey stream creates two major problems. For starters, the state is currently out of compliance with the California Food and Agricultural Code, which specifically states that: "… formulas shall be reasonably calculated to result in prices that are in a reasonable and sound economic relationship with the national value of manufactured milk products."
It's difficult to comprehend how California can be in a "reasonable and sound economic relationship" with the national value of manufactured milk products when it has a Class 4b formula that has a dry whey factor ranging from $0.51 higher to $1.54 lower than a comparable pricing formula used throughout most of the country.
Secondly, and of equal importance, is the difficulty this difference creates in participating in risk management strategies. The risk management tools available for milk sold to cheese plants use the Federal Order Class III minimum price to settle on.
But as you can see, the California Class 4b formula doesn't track well with the Federal Order Class III price, particularly in recent years, largely due to the differences in how the whey stream is valued.
For example, in the 42 months since California went to a flat $0.25 per cwt dry whey factor, the average difference between the Federal Order Class III price and the California Class 4b price has been $0.85 per cwt (that is, the Class III price has been $0.85 higher than the Class 4b price).
If that were the case month-in-month-out, you could adjust your risk management strategy to account for that. But the reality has been that the California 4b price has ranged from $0.80 per cwt higher (February 2009) than the Federal Order Class III price all the way to $2.64 per cwt lower (March 2011).
Milk Producers Council and other producer organizations have proposed alternatives to CDFA aimed at narrowing the gap between the California and Federal Order dry whey factors. While those alternatives have been rejected by CDFA in the past, this upcoming hearing presents another opportunity to make the case to CDFA.
The upcoming CDFA hearing on June 30/July 1
Land O'Lakes has put together a proposal for the upcoming hearing that attempts to address this huge gap between the California and Federal Order dry whey valuations. So stay tuned … PD
—Excerpts from Milk Producers Council Friday Market Update newsletter


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- Landcare in Iceland by Gundrun Schmidt, 2011
- Approaches to Landcare: a century of soil conservation in Iceand by Andres Arnalds
- Research approaches for maximising knowledge gain and adoption by Fred Yikii
Participatory Planning Fostering Stakeholder Engagement in Sustainable Land Management by Jonas Kpierekoh
Links: The United Nations University – Land Restoration Training programme (UNU-LRT) is a programme on restoration of degraded land and sustainable land management, aiming at assisting developing countries in capacity development within this field. The programme is a cooperation between the United Nations University, the Government of Iceland, the Soil Conservation Service of Iceland, and the Agricultural University of Iceland.


Ever thought of using braids in magic? When it comes to binding, most of us only consider knots. But braids can be used for the same purpose. The same way you can bind power, beads and other things in a knot, you can weave it into a braid.
One example of a power braid is that where you'd tie 9 knots to a rhyme, you can braid 9 strands, and maybe add 9 beads with even intervals. Just in case you'd like to have those points to refer to. One positive thing about using braids is that a braid is something you can wear in your hair, without having to cut it off afterwards. They also attract less attention, if you prefer not to be public about what you do. If you're not familiar with braiding, here are a couple of examples of techniques.
3 strands
5 strands
You can use the same technique for any odd number of strands (7, 9, 11, 13, 15 and so on).
10 strands/5 loops
You can use the same technique for any odd number of loops (7, 9, 11, 13, 15 and so on), but it gets harder after 9 since you only have ten fingers.
A coloring page aweek
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The Sacramento Regional Water Authority says Sacramento-area water users conserved 27 percent in October compared to the same month in 2013.
The Regional Water Authority represents water providers in Sacramento, Placer, El Dorado, Yolo and Sutter counties.
The conservation rate for about two million customers comes from a review of October water use data.
It's the second straight month the conservation rate was 27 percent.
The RWA and other agencies urge customers to turn off outdoor sprinklers and increase focus on indoor water conservation.
They also recommend limiting shower time, checking plumbing and appliances for leaks and investing in high-efficiency appliances.
The boat ramp at Folsom Lake on November 12, 2015. The lake set a new record low of 140,523 acre-feet in November 2015. The previous record was 140,600 acre-feet in November 1977. Bob Moffitt / Capital Public Radio
Climatologists say even if El Niño brings above-average rain to the state, it will take several years of above-average precipitation to erase California's water supply deficit.
The 25 percent state conservation mandate from the California Water Resources Control Board is in effect through the end of February 2016.
But that could be extended if the water supply deficit doesn't improve through the winter.
Follow us for more stories like this
CapRadio provides a trusted source of news because of you. As a nonprofit organization, donations from people like you sustain the journalism that allows us to discover stories that are important to our audience. If you believe in what we do and support our mission, please donate today.


Project Management
Why You Should Use LCNC To Improve Workflows
The issues with poorly designed workflow processes are well known: lost data, task duplication and wasted time (to name a few). According to IDC, companies lose 20-30% of their revenue every year due to inefficiencies. As the need to drive efficiencies—or the risk of becoming obsolete—becomes more acute, organizations are examining their business processes and workflows. They are identifying where they are cumbersome, out of date, or just generally suboptimal—and how these workflows can be improved.
Unfortunately, while business units seek to drive efficiencies and increase productivity, the IT team is already overburdened. It does not have the resources available to fully support business users in the design and implementation of improved workflows. IT alone cannot create applications as urgently as the business demands them.
This is where citizen development and the use of low-code/no-code (LCNC) platforms becomes key. Here are the key benefits of using LCNC in the re-design of workflows (compared to traditional application development):
1. Ease of build: Many LCNC platforms include built-in workflow engines, further simplifying the process. For example, Salesforce has Flow Builder, which combines point-and-click builders with reusable building blocks. Creatio has Studio Creatio with a BPM engine to manage structured and unstructured processes.
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I hate music, especially when it's played.
- Jimmy Durante


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A kitchen hood, also known as a range hood, is a device that hangs above commercial fryers and other cooking appliances. It has many mechanical fans that remove heat, smoke, and odors from the air. It attracts dirt like a magnet. Read the Simple steps below about Cleaning Hoods in Restaurants.
If you manage a restaurant, it's critical that you take steps to keep your kitchen in good working order at all times to avoid unwelcome difficulties. Issues that arise unexpectedly can pose a safety risk and harm your reputation. One of the most important issues to fix in order to keep your restaurant on track is the kitchen exhaust system. Grease accumulates in the hoods and other components of your ventilation system.
Restaurant hoods must be cleaned:
The following is a typical sequence of events that leads to a kitchen exhaust fire that hasn't been cleaned:
- On the stove top, a hot flame shoots up or is formed.
- The flame ignites the filters in the kitchen hood as it comes into touch with them.
- The flames are driven upward into the ductwork by the exhaust fan pulling in air.
- If there is enough grease residue in the ducts, it can act as a source of fuel, allowing the fire to spread farther into the exhaust system, causing substantial damage and putting the structure and its people in danger.
Reasons for the cleanness of restaurant hoods:
There are various reasons to clean the kitchen hood at your restaurant:
The cleanliness of your kitchen exhaust system has an impact on the air quality in your restaurant's kitchen and throughout the facility. Contaminated particle is allowed to circulate in occupied portions of the building once filters become clogged and ducting is degraded, allowing workers and patrons to breathe it in.
Due to high levels of moisture and heat, your kitchen exhaust system is not only a fire threat, but also a breeding ground for germs, mold, and mildew. With regular, expert kitchen hood cleaning, you can avoid disease as well as potential mechanical failure and damage.
If your restaurant's kitchen is found to be in violation of these or other standards or regulations, it may fail inspection, costing you more time and money while it is brought up to code, or perhaps putting you out of business. Your insurance company may use this information to determine liability and refuse your claim if a fire occurs due to a lack of cleaning.
Method of Cleaning restaurant hoods:
Here is the step by step processes of cleaning restaurant hoods:
Plastic sheeting is used to cover all equipment to prevent it from run-off and degreasing chemicals once all pilot lights and gas valves for the cooking equipment have been switched off.
Baffle Filters Cleaning:
The vent hood's baffle filters are removed and either power washed or soaked in a soaking solution to remove any grease accumulation. The vent hood system can now be accessed completely.
Wrap around the hoods:
The hoods are coated in plastic sheeting and shaped into a funnel, allowing the cleaning process's discharge to be collected in a container.
The Hood fans are degreased and then rinsed with hot water. This procedure is repeated until the fans have been thoroughly cleaned down to the bare metal. The fan's belt is also replaced if necessary.
Scraping the Ducts:
The ducts are scraped to remove any hardened grease deposits before being cleansed and rinsed in the same manner as the fans. This is done in the same way as the fans down to the bare metal.
Getting the Roof Clean:
After the ducts and fans have been thoroughly cleaned and inspected, the roof is lightly power washed to eliminate any debris or grease that may have accumulated during the cleaning process.
Keeping the Hood Clean:
After manually scraping away any hardened oil accumulation, the vent hood is sprayed with a degreasing solution and rinsed with hot water. This procedure is done until all of the vent hoods are clean.
Putting the Baffle Filters Back in Place:
After soaking and/or power washing the baffle filters, they are rinsed with hot water and reinstalled in the vent hood. After that, the vent hood is cleaned off and polished.
After the system is clean, all of the plastic sheeting is removed, and the kitchen floors are mopped. All of the equipment is wiped down.
Tips to keep your restaurant hoods clean:
Use the appropriate filter:
Your vent hood will trap and contain the oils and grease generated from your cooking if you use the proper kind of hood filter and the right number of filters. Check out our hood filter handbook if you're not sure which filter is best for you. It covers everything from fire codes to filter materials to customized hood filters like spark arrestor filters. You must not only use the correct type of filter, but also the correct size to cover the whole aperture of your vent hood. Use our filter sizing calculator if you need assistance measuring to calculate the size and number of hood filters you'll need.
Commercial vent hood cleaning:
Cleaning business vent hoods on a regular basis will ensure that they operate as efficiently and effectively as feasible. The majority of vent hood cleaning in restaurants occurs on a daily basis. Some people, however, can go between cleanings every one to two weeks. The decision should be made based on the amount and sort of cooking you will be doing.
A fast-food restaurant that grills burgers on char broil equipment may need to schedule restaurant vent hood cleaning more frequently than a modest sandwich shop. Most hood filters can be cleaned by hand with hot soapy water or placed in a high-temp commercial dishwasher when it comes to commercial vent hood cleaning. They can also be soaked in a soak tank overnight.
Duct access doors should be installed:
Ducts are notoriously difficult to reach and, as a result, to keep clean. That's why duct access doors, also known as clean-out access doors or panels, must be positioned uniformly along with your ductwork. Duct access doors are simple to install and enable easy cleaning, maintenance, and inspection of your ducts.
Installing access doors makes it easy to remove fats, oils, and grease from your ductwork, reducing the risk of a duct fire and improving the performance of your vent hood. Keeping your ducts clean also improves airflow and reduces the formation of dust, bacteria, and mold.
Panel for accessing the exhaust fan:
Access panels for exhaust fans are similar to duct access panels. They're another quick and easy solution to keep your industrial kitchen ventilation system clean and in good working order.
These clean-out access points, also known as exhaust fan access ports, make it easier to reach the interior of the fan so it may be cleaned and maintained. They are incredibly cost-effective and easy to install. Once fitted, your exhaust fan access port will help keep the blades of your up blast exhaust fan clean and grease-free. This will assist you in avoiding difficulties caused by grease accumulation.
Install a hinge kit for the exhaust fan:
Making it easy to clean your exhaust fan also makes it safer, as it protects your roof, fan, and fan base from harm during routine maintenance, business vent hood cleaning, or inspection. Hinge kits connect the fan bowl to the fan base using a hinge. The hinge keeps the exhaust fan held in an open position, preventing it from opening too far or slamming shut on employees attempting to reach the fan's innards.
For obstinate grease accumulation, contractors can use scrapers and brushes on the hood interior. Otherwise, they'll use the pressure washer system they used to clean the ducting to clean it. The interior and exterior stainless steel of the hood can be manually cleaned with a degreaser or light detergent, wiped down, and dried with clean cloths if necessary. During the cleaning operation, contractors take extra precautions using demand-control hoods to safeguard their heat and effluent sensors.


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Hyderabad hopes for a protected planet
18 October 2012 | News story
Protected areas both on land and in the sea are a hot topic here at the Biodiversity talks in Hyderabad. We ask Trevor Sandwith, Head of IUCN's Global Protected Areas Programme, to explain what they are and why they are so important.
What benefits do those areas bring to local communities and to people living outside of their range?
How can local people get involved in managing protected areas?
One of the targets discussed at the meeting in Hyderabad says that "by 2020, at least 17 per cent of terrestrial and inland water, and 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, [...] are conserved through effectively and equitably managed, ecologically representative and well connected systems of protected areas". What does it actually mean to "effectively and equitably" manage these areas?
Are the talks here in Hyderabad advancing in a promising direction for protected areas?


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god or god of Summer). In another version Ce Acatl (one stalk) is the name of Quetzalcoatl in his function as a young god, and his hieroglyph in the form of a stalk of maize corresponds with that of Hunahpú.
In short, we find in the very Mayan glyphs the ideographic correspondence with the concepts discussed above, expressed in the signs kin and kan, both being represented by a spherical form that is objectified in the Popol Vuh — the first by the game ball, at once the symbol of the sun and the equivalent of the sign kin; and the second by the grain of maize, the equivalent of the kan glyph. Their single genesis could not be better expressed — as we shall see below — than in the fact that both signs correspond to the head of Hunahpú. Finally, the positioning of the maize sprouts in the center of the house, coinciding with the descent of the twins into the underworld, expresses another custom of the time, consisting of burial of the dead within the house, a custom that is widespread in the Americas.
Before going to the next chapter, we should mention the custom preserved by Quiché Indians of sowing two maize stalks in the middle of the plaza in front of their house, in remembrance of the stalks left behind by Hunahpú and Ixbalamqué as a memento for their grandmother as they left for Xibalbá (information furnished by Ovidio Rodas Corzo).


Klang: Program Structure
I thought I'd keep my posts about Klang, the language I'm designing, shorter (at least I'll try). So in this post I'll describe the overall program structure and just a few constructs, focusing more on current status rather than goals.
Version 1 of the Klang compiler is going to be pretty basic. I'm not even sure if it'll have separate compilation (well, it kind of does have that via externs). As I started moving some stuff from the compiler into a library, I just made it prepend the library source code to the source being compiled. So at least right now, the compiler takes just one source file (or string) and turns it into a single LLVM assembly module (.ll file), which can in turn be compiled to machine code using the LLVM toolchain.
Functions
A Klang module is currently made of function definitions and function declarations (externs). Classes will come later. A function named main is the entry point, as usual. A Hello World program in Klang might look like this:
// puts is defined in the C library
extern puts(string: Byte *): Int
def main() = puts("Hello, World!")
Byte * is a pointer to a Byte, but I added pointer types only as a quick hack to interface with native libraries. I might keep them for that reason, but limit their use to extern declarations — extern declares a function defined in another module.
You probably noticed that functions are defined similarly to Scala.
'def', name, argument list, '=', body expression
Expressions
In Klang, like in Scala, most things are expressions i.e. evaluate to a value. Here's what the mandatory naive Fibonacci example looks like:
def fib(n: Int): Int =
 if n == 0 then
 0
 else if n == 1 then
 1
 else
 fib(n - 2) + fib(n - 1)
Specifying the return type is necessary here because the function is recursive, and the type inferencer can't handle that. if is an expression, so both the then and else branches must be of the same type. An if without an else would evaluate to (), the empty tuple value, also known as Unit. It is similar to void, except void is the lack of a value.
def addOneThenSquare(n: Int) = {
 val nPlus1 := n + 1;
 nPlus1 * nPlus1
}
A block is a list of statements surrounded by { and }. Statements are usually separated by semicolons because the current parser is a quick hack implemented with parser combinators and can't do the semicolon inference well. The statements can be definitions as well as expressions, but the last statement is what is returned and needs to be an expression.
val starts a local value definition. Local values cannot be reassigned after they are defined. I want to avoid mutable local variables for as long as I can, though in the end I will probably have to add them. := is perhaps an unusual choice for assignment and I might revert to using = for that instead.
Loops
I haven't even implemented Arrays yet, but loops are still useful, especially as there are no tail calls yet and the Fibonacci function above would probably exit with a segmentation fault for a large value when the stack grows too big. But how do you do loops without mutable variables? I'm talking about primitive loops that must be the basis for other constructs such as comprehensions. I thought about it for a couple of days and came up with something like this (there are probably similar constructs in other languages):
def helloHello(n: Int) =
 // loop takes a tuple of parameters similar to a function argument list
 // but it must always specify default (starting) values
 loop(i := 0)
 // and also an expression that ends with continue(...) or break()
 if (i < n) then {
 puts("Hello?");
 // continue "calls" the loop again with the new values
 continue(i + 1)
 } else {
 // break returns from the loop
 break()
 }
 // yield can see the *last* values of the loop parameters
 yield i
def main() = helloHello(3)
This program will print "Hello?" three times and return 3. But this kind of loop seems very verbose and actually what it does is similar to tail recursion, using LLVM's Phi nodes. I might rethink what kind of loops to have in the future, but for now I'll stick with this. It can be simplified a bit:
def helloHello(n: Int) =
 loop(i := 0) while (i < n) {
 puts("Hello?");
 i + 1
 } yield i
There are some potential programming errors that can easily arise from this kind of loop, but I'll talk about that later (or maybe you can guess).
while can only come directly after loop(...) and is defined in terms of if, break and continue:
while (condition) expression = if (condition) continue(expression) else break()
This translation is done immediately after parsing, to simplify the compiler phases.
With these constructs, and passing functions around, one could already write a program that does something a little bit useful. I think my next focus is on adding Strings and Arrays into the mix, but my next post will probably go more into functions and tuples.
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text:
What are these? How are they used?
They're bricks, or more accurately, broken bits of bricks. But, knowing what they're called doesn't really help you understand how they're used. Taken out of context, the objects have little meaning.
How about now? How are the bricks used?
When you see the bricks in context, their purpose is easier to understand. The bricks are used as anchors to hold down a net.
If trash day in your country (or in your part of Japan) doesn't look like this, you might still feel a bit puzzled. Context is also cultural.
What if I add a story?
In my neighborhood, we put trash in color coded bags—green for burnable trash, blue for plastics, orange for PET bottles and cans, and brown for bottles. We put all of our bags in a central location on the appropriate day before the designated time.
This week, I'm on trash duty. It's my job to take out a large blue net to cover the trash bags. I have to wake up very early in order to put the net out before anyone brings trash bags. After the trash has been picked up, it's my job to put away the net and clean up the trash drop off area.
The net keeps crows out of the trash. There are a lot of crows in Japan–giant, monster crows. These birds think of trash day is their all-you-can-eat buffet. The bricks keep the crows from lifting the net (and also keeps the trash bags from blowing away).
Since it's my job to clean up after trash day, I never forget to put out the net, or the bricks!
Context provides meaning and helps us remember.
You aren't likely to be teaching "trash net anchors" as a vocabulary item in your classes. But, I wanted to choose an example that was unfamiliar, so you could understand how your students might feel when trying to learn words without context.
Like in a word list.
Teachers of young learners naturally include a lot of context in teaching, since most of their students don't yet read. They teach vocabulary with
- picture cards (teacher made or those that support a course book)
- scenes including the vocabulary items (like classroom objects actually in a classroom)
- stories (related picture books, or teacher-created to go along with picture cards or scenes)
You can play with context.
Context is a tool. Once you understand how it works to support meaning, you can play with it.
Introducing an object without context can grab your students' attention. Were you curious when you saw the bricks alone? Were you hoping I'd add information to complete the picture? You can ask students to predict where they might find a particular object, or imagine how it might be used.
Taking familiar objects out of context creates guessing games. Put a picture card inside an envelope or cover it with a piece of paper and ask students to guess what it is, getting some great Yes/No question and answer practice along the way. Or, put real objects inside a bag and let children touch the bag as they guess.
Use close up pictures of objects to play with context. Ceri Jones has some wonderful teaching ideas involving close up photos on her blog (and other wonderful teaching ideas not involving photos, too!). A good place to find close up photos is on ELT Pics, a great Flickr collection of pictures for teachers taken by other teachers (and shared using the tag _TAG_ on Twitter).
You can take objects that are familiar in one context, and introduce them in a new context. For example, if my original vocabulary item had been bricks, I probably would have shown a picture of bricks being used in a traditional way (on a building or in a walkway). Then, I might have had students brainstorm additional places and uses they've seen for bricks. Perhaps my trash bag anchoring bricks would come up in discussion. If not, I could bring it up. Or, if students have learned the word pen you can expand the context by bringing in pictures of unusual places you could find pens (pens to use underwater or in space).
The more students use words in context (and in different contexts) the more memorable the language becomes, and the closer they get to owning the language (making it a tool for them to use, too).
How about you? How do you use context in your teaching? How do you play with context in class?


text:
Vastu for Staircase
Most houses consist of multiple floors and require structures to bridge the vertical distance between them. Normally, the medium used are stairways available in plethora of shapes (such as round, straight, etc) and materials (concrete, wooden, etc).However, before choosing any character, size or direction you should make sure the blue print of your stairway confirms with vastu for staircase.
A staircase must always be built in the western or southern part of the house. Make sure it's not constructed in the northeast corner, as that could lead to financial losses for the owner. In fact, staircase in any corner except west or south brings losses.
Tips According To Vastu For Staircase
- An external staircase can be built in the southeast direction facing east, southwest direction facing west, northwest direction facing north, and southwest direction facing south.
- Always begin your stairs from north to south or east to west. A turn can also be taken to other sides, in case there is a lack of space.
- Stairs must always have an odd number and the number must never end with a zero.
- The vertical set of stairs should also have an odd number and when divided by three their remnant must be two.
- Never make circular staircases as they have the ability to cause bad health. Also, a staircase encircling the building can lead to severe calamites.
- The room which has a staircase in the southwest corner of a basement is not auspicious. As per vastu, people living in a room such as this experience high blood pressure, undiagnosed diseases, anemia and the like.
- Construct doors at the end and beginning of each staircase. Also, it's important to make sure the stairs don't touch the northern or eastern walls.
- Try constructing staircases in such a way that stairs are not openly visible to the visitors. Directly visible stairs are thought to be inauspicious.
- Broken stairs must be repaired instantly, as they may lead to tensions and accidents.
- Rooms such as bathroom, kitchen, or pooja room should never be built under a staircase. This area can only be used for creating a storage room.
- If a linear staircase is constructed, it must begin from north to south or east to west (inside or outside the house). Later, it can take any direction.
Colors According To Vastu For Staircase
Staircases must always be painted in light colors and shades such as red and black should be avoided completely.


text:
A bellmouth, also called a suction bellmouth in connection with centrifugal pumps, is a nozzle-shaped inlet casing component (see Fitting) often employed with vertical tubular casing pumps.
The flow acceleration resultant of the bellmouth's shape minimises irregularities in the velocity distribution. Even velocity distribution ensures a uniform approach flow (see Inlet conditions) this is especially important for high specific speed pumps (see Specific speed)
In the case of vortex flow) at the inlet, a flow straightener should be fitted to provide a degree of flow straightening. See Fig. 1 Bellmouth
If pre-swirl control has been provided downstream, there is no need to fit a flow straightener in the bellmouth. See Fig. 2 Bellmouth


Vallam Kali
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Aranmula Uthrattathi Boat Race
Vallam Kali (Malayalam: വള്ളംകളി, vaḷḷaṃ kaḷi, literally "boat game") is a traditional boat race in Kerala, India. It is a form of canoe racing, and uses paddled war canoes. It is mainly conducted during the season of the harvest festival Onam in autumn. Vallam Kali includes races of many kinds of paddled longboats, the traditional boats of Kerala.
Vallam Kali originated in Assyria, on a New Year's Day in 300 BC. Vallam Kalli events were conducted by several ancient Indian states.
In Kerala, during an early 14th-century war between the feudal kingdoms of Kayamkulam and Chembakassery, King Devanarayana of Chembakassery commissioned the construction of a war boat called Chundan Vallam and he tasked a famous carpenter of the day with the responsibility of creating it.[1] Hence, the technical methods for creating these Snake Boats are around 650 years old. Of the snake boats still in use today, the Parthasarathi Chundan is the oldest model.
Vallam Kali has mainly been conducted during the season of the harvest festival Onam in Autumn. The race of Chundan Vallam is the major event. Vallam Kali also includes races of many other kinds of traditional paddled longboats of Kerala, and is one of the major tourist attractions in the state.
Vanchipattu (lit. boatsong) is the form of poetry in Malayalam language commonly using while Vallam Kali and related festivals. During Aranmula Uthrattadi Vallamkali, the vanchipattu is performed by the participants for its significance in the rituals. Ramapurathu Warrier is considered to be the pioneer of the vanchipattu.
List of periodical Vallam Kali events[edit]
Major events[edit]
Map of Backwaters in Kerala where boat racing is conducted
Minor events[edit]
Outside Kerala[edit]
See also[edit]
 1. ^
 2. ^
 3. ^
 4. ^
External links[edit]


text:
Dealing With Shoulder Impingement
Treatment & Physical Therapy
When you have shoulder impingement, normal activities like catching a ball, reaching a top shelf, and even changing your shirt can bring you pain. We understand when you're in pain, you're not yourself. This is why Pinnacle Physical Therapy will work with you to bring you holistic healing without medication, injections, or surgery.
How Physical Therapy Can Help
In most cases, shoulder impingement can be resolved through physical therapy. You'll undergo a comprehensive series of exercises that focus on improving your posture and range of motion while reducing or eliminating symptoms such as pain and weakness.
As you progress through these exercises, you'll also learn how to avoid future injuries by strengthening weak muscles and correcting poor movement patterns. This approach is known as prehabilitation, meaning it helps prevent injuries before they occur.
Treat Your Own Shoulder
Sign up for this report to learn Dr. Murphy's best tips to ease your own
shoulder pain and get back to doing what you love!
Why choose Pinnacle Physical Therapy?
Pinnacle Physical Therapy in Little Rock, AR is a great place to get started on a path to pain-free living! Our goal is to help you recover your physical independence by working together in a comfortable, supportive, and encouraging environment. No matter what stage of recovery you are in or how long it has been since your injury, we can help. You will always be our # 1 priority. You will never be double booked with another patient. You get all of your therapists time and expertise.


text:
PORTRAIT OF ANDREW MOFFAT - BY LEMEUL FRANCIS ABBOT.
18th century three quarter portrait of a Andrew Moffat of The East India Company, in a carved and gilded M. Grieve frame.
Lemuel Frances Abbot (1760 - 1802)
Born in Leicestershire in 1760 or 1761, the son of clergyman of the same name, Lemuel became a pupil of Francis Hayman in 1775 age 14 and lived in London in 1775. After his teachers death in1776 he returned to his parents where he continued to develop his artistic talents, it has also been suggested that he may also have studied with Joseph Wright of Derby. In 1780, Abbott married Anna Maria, and returned to London, . where he exhibited at the Royal Academy. Abbott painted portraits of many figures of the day including leading seamen such as Admiral Nelson, Admiral Sir Robert Calder, Rear-Admiral Sir Thomas Pasley and Captain William Locker, astronomer Sir William Herschel, poet William Cowper, artists Francesco Bartolozzi and Joseph Nollekens, entrepreneur Matthew Boulton and industrialist John Wilkinson amongst others.
Andrew Moffat (died 1780)
Moffat was a ship insurer and member of the illustrious East India Company. The company relied on dense networks of kinship, patronage and sociability to maintain its monopolistic control over Asian trade. Moffat lived at Cranbrook House in Ilford, opposite Valentines and next to Highlands, and although he had not been to sea , his two brothers were retired captains, closely involved as PMO or Directors of EIC.
Higher resolution images on request.
Worldwide shipping available.
Canvas : 29" x 24" / 74cm x 61cm.
Frame: 36" x 31" / 92cm x 78cm.
Internal Ref: 00014


|| BAS LIFE || A brief history of wire wrapped jewellery
Wire wrapped jewellery and the technique that we use has been around forever! What BAS have done is brought it the present day, given a bit of a jooz, added our style and made it relevant for all our BAS Humans. The history is all rather interesting so we have summarised where our art came from in a brief history of wire wrapped jewellery. Sit back its thrilling!
It all started way back in Egyptian times where there was evidence found in tombs of the ancient pharaohs. It was also said to be found in amongst the pyramid treasures. Although there is some evidence that dates wire wrapped jewellery back as far as 1446 B.C.
There are some studies carried out by the British Museum that dates it back to the first Dynasty of Ur ( Don't worry, we had to google it too. ). We have extracted this piece of info from Wikipedia to explain it a bit better! It basically means that they found wire wrapped jewellery in the site where the oldest city ever dated sits. We think we got that right….
The First Dynasty of Ur was a 26th century-25th century BCE dynasty of rulers of the city of Ur in ancient Sumer.[1] It is part of the Early Dynastic period III of the History of Mesopotamia. It was preceded by the earlier First dynasty of Kishand First Dynasty of Uruk.[2]
picture taken from the British Museum archives
The unique art of wire wrapping has been alive for so long due to the simplicity of tools needed in the craft. There is no soldering ( although now a days people do) or casting, and is therefore an art that could be produced by ancient civilisations without the need for fire, electricity or modern day computers. The wire and the plyers do all the work, and the you let the fluidity of the natural stones you use or the wire shapes to create the design. Its what ultimately makes this such an interesting technique to use, and we are happy that we are continuing such an ancient art and catapulting it into modern day.
Black and Sigi are here to keep the craft alive and take it to another 1000years in the future!
Hope that helps understand where the art came from, and love it even more!
Shop our Immortals for all our classic wire wrapped pieces -> SHOP IMMORTALS
BAS Aphrodite bangle silverBAS Juno earring gold
BAS Neptune ring silver khaki


text:
Some word confusions are interesting but not quite common enough to qualify for an entry on my Common Errors in English Usage Web site. Some seem nevertheless worth discussing here.
"Berth" originally referred to the room required by a ship to maneuver freely, later to the space within which a ship could anchor itself near the shore. Hence the expression "to give a wide berth," meaning to stay well away from someone or something.
Then it was sailors rather than ships who were berthed: a place for a sailor to sleep was a berth. And to have a berth was more broadly to have a place—a job—on a ship.
Finally, the term came to be applied to athletics, where a contestant is assigned a berth: a spot in a contest. A basketball team is assigned a berth in the Final Four.
The stacked beds in railroad sleeper cars and bunks are also referred to as berths.
Since most people now encounter the term in connection with sports, they sometimes misspell it as "birth." You will also occasionally see people saying they give something "a wide birth."
Punning journalists love to play with mistakes like this. The headline on an article about Caesarean section in the New York Post was "Given a Wide Birth."


text:
Glossary (talk like a chef): Transfer
Sometimes we need to transfer the contents of a pan to a dish or plate.
This is often to rapidly stop something cooking, as the dish it is transferred to will always be cooler, or it might simply be to free up the pan for something else.Example:
"Transfer the lardons to a dish.
Meaning: Take the lardons out of the frying pan where they have been cooking and put in a dish.
Remarks: Professional kitchens are equipped with trays or pans (usually stainless steel and rectangular) for this, with high sides and a large surface, to help with rapid cooling.
Last modified on: August 11th 2023


Home » Guides » How To Find Slow Leak In Tire
How To Find Slow Leak In Tire
There are few things more frustrating than discovering that one of your tires has a slow leak. Not only is this an inconvenience, but it can also lead to a dangerous situation. Fortunately, there are ways to detect slow leaks and get them fixed as soon as possible. In this blog post, we will discuss some of the best methods for detecting slow leaks and getting them fixed as quickly as possible.
What is a slow leak in a tire?
When it comes to tires, slow leaks can be a big problem. A slow leak can occur when air escapes from the tire slowly over time, and this can cause the tire to lose pressure and eventually fail. Slow leaks can also lead to increased wear and decreased mileage. To find a slow leak in a tire, you first need to identify which type of tire is leaking.
If it's a radial or bias-ply tire, then the leak is most likely coming from the valve stem or sealant. If it's a pneumatic tire, then your best bet is to check the inner tube for cracks or signs of deflation. If neither option fixes the problem, then you may need to replace the tire altogether.
What to do if you have a slow leak in your tire
If you are having a slow leak in your tire, there are a few things that you can do to find the leak and fix it. The first step is to determine where the leak is happening. This can be done by using a pressure gauge to measure air pressure in different areas of the tire. The next step is to use a scanning tool to look for any small holes or cracks in the tire. Finally, use a vacuum cleaner to suck up any bits of debris that may be causing the leak. Once these steps have been completed, it will be easier to find and fix the problem.
How to find a slow leak in your tire
If you're experiencing a slow leak in one of your tires, the first thing you'll want to do is check your tire pressure. A low tire pressure can cause the air in the tire to escape slowly, potentially leading to a slow leak. If you're still having trouble finding the leak, try using a diagnostic tool like a Leak Detection System (LDS) or Pressure Gauge-In-Tire (PGI). These tools can help you pinpoint the location of the leak and fix it.
Conclusion
If you're noticing that your tires are taking a bit longer to lose pressure than they used to, it may be time to investigate the possibility of a slow leak. Slow leaks can happen for a number of reasons, but the most common is due to an air leak in one or more of your tire's walls. By figuring out where the slow leak is and repairing it, you can ensure that your tires maintain their optimal pressure and provide you with better overall performance.


text:
Water + Mandarin Experiment
- A bucket of water
- A mandarin
Method: fill a bucket with water and put mandarin in and see what happens.
My experience: So first we put the mandarin in the water and it was struggling to float(it still did though). Next we peeled the mandarin and put it in. It sank to the bottom like a rock. Then we put the peels in and they floated. Then my friends put the piece onto the peel and put it in the water it floated. I found out that for mandarins the skin is what keeps the buoyant.


text:
The mercury in the northern part of Thailand will drop 2-3 degrees Celsius in the next 24 hours whereas Bangkok will experience cool weather and strong wind, the Meteorological Department forecast on Sunday.
As such, people in northern and northeastern provinces are warned to take good care of their physical health due to the changing weather.
As for the southern region, the Weatherman said that there would be rain storms in some parts of the region while the Gulf of Thailand will experience strong wind and choppy sea with waves as high as 2-3 metres. Small boats are told to remain ashore for their safety.
The minimum temperature in the North ranges from 15-20 degrees Celsius and maximum temperature varies from 25-31 degrees Celsius in the next 24 hours. On mountain tops, the mercury is forecast to drop to 3-9 degrees Celsius with frost in some places. Easterly wind speed ranges from 10-25 kph.
The cold weather stems from strong high pressure front from China which is now blanketing the northern part of the country, said the Weatherman.
Source: Thai Public Broadcasting Service (Thai PBS)


text:
Definition of bigly
a. - In a tumid, swelling, blustering manner; haughtily; violently. 2
The word "bigly" uses 5 letters: B G I L Y.
Direct anagrams of bigly:
List shorter words within bigly, sorted by length
All words formed from bigly by changing one letter
Browse words starting with bigly by next letter


text:
PUNE: The water resource department's plan to provide water from Gunjawani dam
for crops through a pressured piped controlled irrigation
system has been tabled before the state cabinet.
The project looks at supplying water from the dams for irrigation through pipelines instead of the current open canal system. The closed pipeline is expected to curb water transportation losses and instances of water theft and thereby ensure supply for the crops.
About 21,300 hectare farm land spread in areas of Bhor, Velha and Purandar
is expected to get water through underground pipeline network. The water resources department has been working on the plan for the last few years.
If the project goes ahead, Gunjawani
would be the first dam in the state to supply water for crops through a pipeline network. However, the project will have to go through various steps and also need a nod from the central water commission.
Officials in the state water resources department said a detailed project report has been submitted to the state cabinet for recommendations. "Under the pressured piped irrigation system, there is a plan to set up a network of pipelines instead of canals. Water will flow to the targeted area only in pipes. A plan has been drawn up for laying the pipeline network," the official said.
It comprises two main pipelines and a network of pipes connected to the main lines. The department has estimated the cost of the project to be around Rs 1,300 crore. Sources said the state government would try to get funds for the project from the Union government's scheme to ensure faster implementation of the project to get expected results.
When contacted, Vijay Shivtare
, minister of state for water resources, said the project was in the approval stage.