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The Unhappiest Country In The World
Moldovans are the unhappiest people in the world. That's according to data from the World Values Survey, whose researchers interviewed tens of thousands of people in over 60 countries during the last decade. Only 44% of people in Moldova said they were happy, the lowest proportion of all the countries surveyed. Is Moldova really such an unhappy place, and why?
These statistics from the World Values Survey are often quoted in a growing body of academic research into what causes happiness, and what implications there are for public policy. Often the answers to the "are you happy?" question are averaged with those to another, slightly different question – "are you satisfied with your life?" – to produce a broader measure called subjective well-being. Moldova comes out bottom on this count, too.
Source: World Values Surveys,
So what does cause happiness? Your instinctive response might be "money, of course" – and you'd be right, but only up to a point. A glance at the table shows that the unhappy countries are much poorer than the happy ones. But when you plot subjective well-being against a country's average income on a graph, you find there's a strong relationship up to a certain point – around $10,000 per year – but after that the relationship breaks down. Even more income doesn't make you even happier.
Of course, Moldova isn't anywhere near that point yet. But poverty can't be the whole story. There are countries even poorer than Moldova which are nonetheless much happier: Nigeria and Bangladesh, for example, have a lower average income than Moldova but their happiness rates are 81% and 85% respectively. Brazilians are only slightly better off than Moldovans, but 83% of them are happy. A whopping 93% of people in the Philippines consider themselves happy, despite income levels on a par with Moldova.
Nigeria, Brazil, Bangladesh and the Philippines are warm and sunny places, so might harsh Moldovan winters be at fault? That hardly seems plausible when you consider that the happiest place in the world is Iceland.
Could it be that language problems are to blame? Perhaps the word "happiness" translates differently in Bangladesh and the Philippines than it does in Moldova, leading people to apply different standards. This is a possibility, but the evidence is against it: French-speaking Swiss people are happier than French people, Italian speakers in Switzerland are happier than Italians, and Swiss who speak German are happier than Germans. This suggests that it's not something about what language they speak that makes Swiss people happy, but something about living in Switzerland.
Perhaps Moldovans were asked at a bad time. The data collected from different countries was not all gathered simultaneously, and that for Moldova came from a survey in 1995, arguably at the height of the difficulties caused by the transition from the Soviet era. But another, more comprehensive survey carried out in 2001 by a different organization suggests little has changed: Moldovans were slightly happier, 51% compared to 44%, but still came out bottom of the eight former Soviet states surveyed (Ukraine and Belarus were next most unhappy, at 53% and 60% respectively; Moldova seems to be the worst-hit victim of some kind of regional malaise).
It must be in political history where much of the answer lies, as all the other countries towards the bottom of the happiness list had also lived under communism. While it's easy to find examples of happy and poor countries, it's hard to find former communist states among them, Azerbaijan (78%) being the best candidate. The happiest states with a communist history, such as Poland (86%), the former East Germany (79%) and Hungary (78%), tend also to be the ones which have made the most economic progress.
Even then, they are less happy than other countries with similar income levels but without a communist past. As Ronald Inglehart and Hans-Dieter Klingemann, two of the leading academic researchers into the data on happiness, note: "Virtually all societies that experienced communist rule show relatively low levels of subjective well-being, even when compared with societies at a much lower economic level."
Were people happier under communism? That's a difficult question to answer because only one survey of happiness was conducted in the Soviet Union. But the data from this survey suggests so. The Tambov region of Russia, the only part surveyed in the Soviet era, recorded 64% happiness in 1981 and only 47% in 1995. (The answers to the "satisfaction" question are even starker, down from 76% to 25% in the same period.) The only other country surveyed while under a communist regime was Hungary, 78% happy in 1981, dipping to 68% as communism ended in 1990 and back up to 78% by 1998. ("Satisfaction", though, continued to decline: from 71% to 56% to 52%).
While inhabitants of both Hungary and Tambov were significantly unhappier in 1981 than those of other states with similar income levels, the ending of communism made them even less happy. It seems reasonable to think the same historical pattern of happiness will be true for Moldova.
So what is it about life after communism that causes such misery? The increase in poverty is an obvious reason: according to the United Nations Development Program, the incidence of poverty in Moldova increased from 2.1% to 40.6% between 1991 and 1993. But there are other reasons. Unemployment and lack of job security are strongly correlated with unhappiness, and both increased markedly with the end of communism.
Health is another strong contributor to happiness. (Although, interestingly, "self-reported" health – how healthy you think you are – is much more closely related to happiness than "objective" health, or how healthy a doctor thinks you are. Having a positive outlook on your health seems to be the biggest factor). The ending of communism took a toll on Moldovans' health. Again according to the UNDP, the general mortality rate increased from 9.7 persons per 1000 in 1990 to 12.2 in 1995, and the infant mortality rate from 19.0 in 1990 to 22.6 four years later. In 1994, 26,300 people were treated at Moldovan medical institutions, down from 69,500 in 1980, presumably because the escalating costs of medical treatment led to more illnesses going untreated rather than because there were fewer illnesses needing treatment.
As noted in a strategy paper issued by the British government, inequality also makes people unhappy – in Europe, at least; Americans say they don't mind it so much. Assuming Moldovans share the European cultural preference for more equal societies, the rapid increases in inequality that accompanied the transition from communism must have increased levels of unhappiness.
The same paper notes that the quality of a country's governance also affects happiness; in particular, there is evidence that the more democracy and political freedoms people enjoy, the happier they are. In theory, the increase in political freedom and democracy after communism should have made Moldovans happier, but in practice it is arguable that the overall quality of governance may not have improved or may even have deteriorated. Corruption of public officials is also strongly correlated with unhappiness. And there are exceptions to the freedom rule: China, although a highly authoritarian society, has relatively high levels of subjective well-being.
Finally, there is a strong relationship between how happy people are and how much control they feel they have over their lives. As Inglehart, Klingemann and Chris Welzel point out: " In each of 148 national representative surveys, conducted in diverse societies ranging from Uganda to China, Iran, Brazil, Sweden and Poland, there is a strong correlation between people's perception of how much choice they have in shaping their lives, and their level of life satisfaction." The lack of choice under communism may well explain why communist societies were more unhappy than others with similar incomes, but the uncertainties that accompanied the transition from communism may actually have led people to feel even less in control of their destinies.
At an individual level, there are other factors to be considered. Marriage has a big effect on an individual's happiness – equivalent to an increase of over $100,000 in annual income, according to one estimate. Religious people are slightly happier, as are those who exercise or play sport. But differences in marital status, income, job satisfaction, health and so on explain surprisingly little of the variations in people's levels of subjective well-being. A large amount of our propensity to be happy seems to be beyond our personal control, coded in our genetic inheritance.
A study of over 3,000 twins (Lykken and Tellegen, 1996) showed that identical twins report similar levels of happiness regardless of their life experiences, whereas non-identical twins – who shared a womb, but have different genes – do not. These studies suggest that around 45-50% of happiness is genetic. How happy your identical twin is, or even how happy your identical twin was ten years ago, is a much better predictor of your happiness than your income, education or social status. If you're prone to unhappiness – or happiness – you may simply have been born that way.
Genetic differences can't explain national differences, though: happiness levels within nations are known to have changed far more quickly than could possibly be explained by genes. It's implausible that there could be a disproportionate tendency to misery in the Moldovan


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Frequently Asked Questions
What is FENFURO?
FENFURO, proprietary Phytochemical product (available in capsule form) is a group of Furostanolic Saponins derived from Trigonella Foenum Graecum by innovative process(USA Patent Granted).
FENFURO can help to maintain blood glucose levels and cholesterol levels in a better way and can also help to prevent further complications due to diabetes.
What are the ingredients of FENFURO?
FENFURO is a single ingredient product. Each capsule of FENFURO contains 500mg of Furostanolic Saponins, derived from Fenugreek Seeds.
Wheather FENFURO is Ayurvedic/Allopathic product?
It's a standardized extract (with defined Active Ingredient) processed derived from Fenugreek seeds as per Pharmacopoeia standards.
How FENFURO can help to manage diabetes?
- FENFURO is dual action insulin sensitizer.
- In presence of high fiber Furostanolic Saponins, cells are more sensitive to insulin & an increase in number of insulin receptor sites occurs which are responsive to insulin to stimulate the cells ability to burn glucose ( i.e. newer insulin receptors with definite insulin sensitizing activity due to specific effects on the islets of langerhans in the pancreas)
- High fiber Furostanolic Saponins delays the rate of gastric emptying and slow carbohydrate absorption resulting in reducing insulin requirements. THEREBY BRINGS EUGLYCEMIC EFFECTS.
- Furostanolic Saponins also increase peripheral utilization of insulin & insulin sensitizing activity THEREBY BRINGS DOWN THE HYPERINSULLINAMEA the root cause of DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS
- High fiber Furostanolic Saponins increases viscosity of the digesta thereby inhibiting cholesterol absorption from small intestine and also the inhibition of bile acid re-absorption from the terminal ileum. Thus there is decrease in VLDL, LDL & Triglycerides levels.
How FENFURO helps in Type -1 diabetes.
- Patient should go for C-peptide test if it is very low, FENFURO can be added to existing medicinal regimen for three months regularly. After three months if any improvement is noticed in C-peptide level, patient can continue taking FENFURO otherwise FENFURO can be withdrawn.
- If C-peptide test is normal. Probably it is MODY (Maturity-onset diabetes of the young) case & FENFURO can help to regenerate newer insulin receptor sites & thereby insulin dosage can be reduced and diabetic complication can be controlled by reducing hyperinsulinemia.
How FENFUROTM helps in Type -2 diabetes.
Regular use of FENFURO as per prescribed dosage can help in reduction of HbA1c level thereby OHA/Insulin dosages can be reduced.
Is there any trail conducted with FENFURO?
Extensive pre-clinical studies at prestigious research institutes viz. National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research(NIPER), Mohali and University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh indicate safety and also efficacy of the product in managing blood sugar and cholesterol levels.
Why FENFURO is expensive as compared to other OHAs?
FENFURO is a single ingredient phytochemical product derived from Fenugreek Seeds through a novel and innovative process (USA Patent Granted). As the process involved is very unique, it makes FENFURO expensive as compared to other synthetic drugs
Who & how one gets Diabetes?
- Those who are accustomed to being administered hormone and other steroidal drugs are vulnerable to Diabetes
- Those who have swollen pancreas; in whose body the production of insulin ceases
- Shortage of or defective, imperfect insulin produced by the body
- Hereditary. Either parent suffering from Diabetes
- When and if insulin produced by the body is not assimilated in the blood circulation
- Unequal balance of insulin and glucose; excessive waste of insulin. Quantum of glucose in the body overweighing that of insulin
- Stress, fear & tension
- Wrong signals from the brain to the pancreas produces insufficient insulin
- Mental fatigue
- Melancholy and despair
- Damage to skull and spine can cause diabetes
- Those who consume alcoholic drinks, addiction to sweets, susceptibility during last stage of pregnancy and during lactation.
Am I at risk for diabetes?
The risk factors for type 1 diabetes are unknown. Things that can put you at risk for type 2 diabetes include:
- Age — being older than 45
- Overweight or obesity
- Family history — having a mother, father, brother, or sister with diabetes
- Having a baby with a birth weight more than 9 pounds
- Having diabetes during pregnancy (gestational diabetes)
- High blood pressure — 140/90 mmHg or higher. Both numbers are important. If one or both numbers are usually high, you have high blood pressure.
- High cholesterol — total cholesterol over 240 mg/dL
- Inactivity — exercising less than 3 times a week
- Having a history of heart disease or stroke
Should I be tested for diabetes?
If you're at least 45 years old, you should get tested for diabetes, and then you should be tested again every 3 years. If you're 45 or older and overweight you may want to get tested more often. Ask your doctor for a fasting blood glucose test or an oral glucose tolerance test. Your doctor will tell you if you have normal blood glucose (blood sugar), pre-diabetes, or diabetes.
What are the signs of diabetes?
- being very thirsty
- urinating a lot
- feeling very hungry
- feeling very tired
- losing weight without trying
- having sores that are slow to heal
- having dry, itchy skin
- losing feeling in or having tingling in the hands or feet
How can I take care of myself if I have diabetes?
To help prevent type 2 diabetes and its complications, you should:
A- Choose Carbs Carefully
B- Lose Weight If You Need To
C- Get Enough Sleep
D- Be Active: Exercise and Diabetes
E- Monitor Blood Sugar Daily
F- Manage Stress
G- Say No to Salt
H- Break Your Smoking Habit
I- Pick Super Foods, Don't Supersize
J- Set Up Doctor
Is there a cure for diabetes?
There is no cure for diabetes at this time, but there is a great deal of research going on in hopes of finding cures for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Many different approaches to curing diabetes are being studied, and researchers are making progress.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Molecular evolution in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is conventionally diagnosed by observing molecular spontaneous emission (SE). In this work, laser-induced molecular fluorescence (LIMF) was introduced to investigate molecular evolution in laser-induced plasma. Aluminium monoxide (AlO) was taken as a typical example for demonstration. AlO molecules in the X2Σ+ state were stimulated by a 484.82 nm laser beam, and then 510.21 nm fluorescence was observed. Compared with conventional SE in LIBS, the proposed LIMF demonstrated that it took more time to fully combine aluminum and oxygen atoms to AlO molecules. Moreover, the longer lifetime of the AlO in plasma was observed.
- Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)
- aluminum monoxide (AlO)
- laser-induced fluorescence
- laser-induced plasma
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)


text:
Sample Preparation Activities
Checklist to Help Select & Plan
Your Environmental Project
Sample Action Activities
Sample Reflection Activities
Sample Celebration & Reflection
Trees for Service
How to plant a tree
How to construct a time capsule
Sample Lesson "Trees
Selected classes will develop a service learning partnership with
a local Forestry Board and the local department of natural resources
forestry service. This service learning activity will consist of
three parts. Cooperating students will:
a Time Capsule
2. Plant a Tree
3. Take the Tree Pledge
Trees help refresh our air, shade our homes, and reduce crime in
our neighborhoods. Many of Baltimore's street and communities need
trees, especially where sidewalk tree wells are empty. Harbor City
students recognize this need by planting a tree(s) on school campuses
and neighborhood streets. Our urban community needs volunteers to
help reforest this environment by identify sites, planting trees,
and maintaining their well-being.
Outcomes: Students will
- Gain an understanding of how the urban environment needs
trees for its citizen's health and safety.
- Demonstrate how to plant trees.
- Learn that their efforts will improve the community as a
whole, including real estate prices.
- (Baltimore) demonstrate the concepts of civic virtue and
common welfare as outlined the Baltimore City Social Studies
- (Maryland) meet the 1997 Maryland graduation requirement
regarding service learning.
Lessons could include video, readings, guest speaker, and discussion.
Handouts will include a description of the service learning activity
as well as a permission form for the students to have signed by
their parents. Information will be dispersed for their time capsule
that will be interred with the tree planting as part of the dedication.
Activities for the Action and Reflection portions of the service
learning activity will be discussed.
Students will travel to a predetermine location and plant a tree.
Students will be instructed as to the proper method of planting
a tree. It has been prearranged that the tree for planting will
have been delivered at the predetermined site.
Part I - Using the materials selected by the students, a
time capsule will be sealed. This time capsule will then be interred
with the tree as a record for future generations as to why, when,
and who planted this tree.
Part II - (Baltimore) Students will be informed of other
famous Baltimore City trees, e.g. the Al Capone, Pope John Paul
II and Frederick Douglass trees that were planted earlier in our
Part III - Students will all recite the Baltimore City
Forestry Board's Tree Pledge that will encourage students to be
responsible for the care and upkeep of their tree.
Certificates of service learning hours will be presented to student
participants and photos and film will be shown for the enjoyment
and evaluation of the students.
Environmental Film. For additional resources contact the Maryland
Student Service Alliance.
- permission slips
- TV, VCR, camcorder, camera
- time capsule
Service learning, tree well, civic virtue, common welfare, citizenship.
Baltimore City Forestry Board, Baltimore City Forestry Department, Chesapeake Bay Foundation, and Maryland Department of Natural
Materials: one length of 4 inch PVC drain pipe, two caps
PVC (4 inch), one bottle of PVC glue
- Purchasing materials or seek donations from a construction/plumbing
- Cut 4" PVC pipe into an 18" length. A hand saw is adequate,
sometimes construction/ plumbing companies will cut to length
for school projects.
- Glue one PVC cap on to the end.
- Place material to be saved into the open end. Seal by glueing
and placing the second PVC cap on the open end.
- Bury sealed Time Capsule in the tree pit when planting.
I promise to:
- Properly match tree to planting site. Be wary of planting
invasive or non native species. Check with local Department
of Natural Resources.
- Have adequate tools available:
- Spade shaped shovels
- Picks and pry bars for hard soil or rocks
- Tree cart or wheel barrel for large size tree.
- Stakes and wire retainers with rubber hose supports
- maul or stake driver
- Dig planting hole twice the size of the tree ball.
- Remove and discard wire and or other wrapping from tree ball.
- Gently place tree ball in ground and file with dirt. Top
of tree ball should be even with the ground line. Be careful
not to place rocks or other debris into backfill.
- Backfill dirt and gently tamp to remove air pockets.
- Drive stakes into ground approximately six inches beyond
the digging area.
- Secure tree trunk to the stakes with wire retainers making
sure the rubber hose supports prevent the tree bark from being
scraped. Remember to remove stakes and supports after one year.
- Water Tree
- Place mulch over digging site and tree base.
- Have students take the tree pledge.
- Photograph or film tree planting for reflection and celebration
activity and or media coverage
To be thankful for the fresh air and the shade this
tree gives us.
To water this tree when it is needed.
To watch over this tree so that no harm comes to it.
On my honor so help me!

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Have you ever needed to copy the phone number from an incoming call that's not associated with one of your contacts? In the Phone app's Recents screen, you can't select the number to copy it, but there's a hidden workaround. Tap the i-phone-app-inline button next to the call, and then press and hold the number for a second or two until a Copy button appears. (It's not a 3D Touch press, just a normal press without removing your finger right away.) Tap Copy and you can then paste that phone number into Mail, Messages, Notes, or any other app. To paste, tap where you want the number to go and tap the Paste button that appears.
tip-copy-phone-numbers


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FYS5555 - Research-based Particle Physics
A new course, FYS5555 - Research-based particle physics, has been developed at the University of Oslo. It is based on lectures, hands-on activities and measurements and discoveries at the Large Hadron Collider and other research infrastructures. The course features a 5-days stay at the CERN laboratory in Geneva, where students build and test cosmic muon detectors within the Extreme Energy Events (EEE) project.
The FYS5555 course - Research-based Particle Physics - features a 5-days stay at the CERN laboratory in Geneva, where students build, test and monitor cosmic muon detectors within the Extreme Energy Events (EEE) project. In 2019 12 master and PhD students took part in the event.
In 2018, Norwegian high-school and university students were successfully involved in building cosmic-ray detectors at CERN, operating them in Norway and taking data that, once analysed in a global international effort, will contribute to shed light on Extreme Energy Events (EEE). The work continued in 2019 to monitor the PolarQuEEEst detector still taking data at a Norwegian High School (Nesodden).
The results obtained by the PolarquEEEst experiment, combining three detectors installed in Italy, Nesodden and on board the sailboat Nanuq in a North Pole expedition July-September 2018, are published in 2020, with the title: "New high precision measurements of the cosmic charged particle rate beyond the Arctic Circle with the PolarquEEEst experiment".
After finishing his master thesis June 2019, Michael Arlandoo, funded through the ZPATH project, worked on the PolarquEEEst project together with students and teachers from Nesodden. Through the same funding Arlandoo gathered and developed tools and descriptions used in the practical parts of the FYS5555 course, ranging from frameworks for Supersymmetry phenomenology studies, to tools for performing analysis on the ATLAS open data and cosmic muon data collected with the PolarquEEEst detector installed at Nesodden. Everything has been collected in a GitHub repository and was exploited for the first time in FYS5555 in the spring semester of 2020.


, update, delete
as external name [AuditCommon].[AuditCommon.Triggers].AuditCommon
Now you are ready to test. Perform updates, insertions, and deletions and watch the AUDIT table fill up! Here are some sample tests:
-- Test "update"
update ADDRESS set City = 'New City 4' where AddressID = 4
-- Test "insert"
insert into ADDRESS
 'Inserted Address 1',
 'Inserted City 1',
 'Inserted StateProvince 1',
-- Test "delete"
delete from address where AddressID = 8
TECH NOTE 1: In this example we use the SQL Management Studio to deploy the assembly, the trigger, and the test code. The built-in Visual Studio deployment and testing mechanism will NOT work with the generic trigger because that mechanism requires that you specify a particular table in the metadata of your trigger routine, and of course our purpose here is to avoid supplying such data.
TECH NOTE 2: The CLR trigger routine relies on a field naming convention to extract the target table name because the "TableName" fields (i.e. DataTable.TableName in the code) of the "inserted" and "deleted" trigger tables are not being properly populated by SQL Server with the name of the target table (ironically these pseudo-tables contain essentially all the information you could want to know about the target table except its name). The convention involves using the table name as part of the name of the first (key) field. Obviously if your database does not employ such a convention, this trigger routine will be unable to provide the table name in your audit table. We have been informed by Microsoft that in a future release, the table name may be provided somewhere within the trigger context, but this capability will not be present in the initial release of SQL Server 2005.
NOTICE: The original version of this article was first published at in October of 2005.
Total article views: 18364 | Views in the last 30 days: 19
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I am getting this error when I GetById() on an entity and then set the collection of child entities to my new list which comes from the MVC view.
I don't quite understand this line:
Why would I change the relationship between 2 entities? It should remain the same throughout the lifetime of the whole application.
The code the exception occurs on is simple assigning modified child classes in a collection to the existing parent class. This would hopefully cater for removal of child classes, addition of new ones and modifications. I would have thought Entity Framework handles this.
The lines of code can be distilled to:
var thisParent = _repo.GetById(1);
thisParent.ChildItems = modifiedParent.ChildItems();
share|improve this question
6 Answers 6
up vote 59 down vote accepted
You should delete old child items thisParent.ChildItems one by one manually. Entity Framework doesn't do that for you. It finally cannot decide what you want to do with the old child items - if you want to throw them away or if you want to keep and assign them to other parent entities. You must tell Entity Framework your decision. But one of these two decisions you HAVE to make since the child entities cannot live alone without a reference to any parent in the database (due to the foreign key constraint). That's basically what the exception says.
What I would do if child items could be added, updated and deleted:
public void UpdateEntity(ParentItem parent)
 // Load original parent including the child item collection
 var originalParent = _dbContext.ParentItems
 .Where(p => p.ID == parent.ID)
 .Include(p => p.ChildItems)
 // We assume that the parent is still in the DB and don't check for null
 // Update scalar properties of parent,
 // can be omitted if we don't expect changes of the scalar properties
 var parentEntry = _dbContext.Entry(originalParent);
 foreach (var childItem in parent.ChildItems)
 var originalChildItem = originalParent.ChildItems
 .Where(c => c.ID == childItem.ID && c.ID!= 0)
 // Is original child item with same ID in DB?
 if (originalChildItem!= null)
 // Yes -> Update scalar properties of child item
 var childEntry = _dbContext.Entry(originalChildItem);
 // No -> It's a new child item -> Insert
 childItem.ID = 0;
 // Don't consider the child items we have just added above.
 // (We need to make a copy of the list by using.ToList() because
 // _dbContext.ChildItems.Remove in this loop does not only delete
 // from the context but also from the child collection. Without making
 // the copy we would modify the collection we are just interating
 // through - which is forbidden and would lead to an exception.)
 foreach (var originalChildItem in
 originalParent.ChildItems.Where(c => c.ID!= 0).ToList())
 // Are there child items in the DB which are NOT in the
 // new child item collection anymore?
 if (!parent.ChildItems.Any(c => c.ID == originalChildItem.ID))
 // Yes -> It's a deleted child item -> Delete
Note: This is not tested. It's assuming that the child item collection is of type ICollection. (I usually have IList and then the code looks a bit other.) I've also stripped away all repository abstractions to keep it simple.
I don't know if that is a good solution but I believe that some kind of hard work along these lines must be done to take care of all kinds of changes in the navigation collection. I would be happy as well to see an easier way.
share|improve this answer
So what if some are only changed? Does that mean I still have to remove them and add them again? – jaffa Apr 4 '11 at 17:10
_USER_: No, you can also update existing items of course. I've added an example how I would probably update the child collection, see Edit section above. – Slauma Apr 4 '11 at 18:33
_USER_: Lol, if I knew that you are going to modify your answer I would not write my answer... – Ladislav Mrnka Apr 4 '11 at 19:53
_USER_: No, no, I am glad that you wrote your own answer. Now at least I know that it's not complete nonsense and much too complicated what I did above. – Slauma Apr 4 '11 at 20:27
I would add a condition when retrieving the originalChildItem in the foreach:...Where(c => c.ID == childItem.ID && c.ID!= 0) otherwise it will return the newly added children if the childItem.ID == 0. – perfect_element Mar 1 at 17:02
This is a very big problem. What actually happens in your code is this:
 - You load Parent from the database and get an attached entity
 - You replace its child collection with new collection of detached children
 - You save changes but during this operation all children are considered as added becasue EF didn't now about them till this time. So EF tries to set null to foreign key of old children and insert all new children => duplicate rows.
Now the solution really depends on what you want to do and how would you like to do it?
If you are using ASP.NET MVC you can try to use UpdateModel or TryUpdateModel.
If you want just update existing children manually, you can simply do something like:
foreach (var child in modifiedParent.ChildItems)
 context.Entry(child).State = EntityState.Modified;
Attaching is actually not needed (setting the state to Modified will also attach the entity) but I like it because it makes the process more obvious.
If you want to modify existing, delete existing and insert new childs you must do something like:
var parent = context.Parents.GetById(1); // Make sure that childs are loaded as well
foreach(var child in modifiedParent.ChildItems)
 var attachedChild = FindChild(parent, child.Id);
 if (attachedChild!= null)
 // Existing child - apply new values
 // New child
 // Don't insert original object. It will attach whole detached graph
// Now you must delete all entities present in parent.ChildItems but missing
// in modifiedParent.ChildItems
// ToList should make copy of the collection because we can't modify collection
// iterated by foreach
foreach(var child in parent.ChildItems.ToList())
 var detachedChild = FindChild(modifiedParent, child.Id);
 if (detachedChild == null)
share|improve this answer
But there is your interesting remark about using.Clone(). Do you have the case in mind that a ChildItem has other sub-child navigation properties? But in that case, wouldn't we want that the whole sub-graph is attached to the context since we would expect that all the sub-childs are new objects if the child itself is new? (Well, might be different from model to model, but let's assume the case that the sub-childs are "dependent" from the child like the childs are dependent from the parent.) – Slauma Apr 4 '11 at 20:35
It would probably require "smart" clone. – Ladislav Mrnka Apr 4 '11 at 20:39
What if you don't want to have a Child's collection in your context? _URL_ – kirsten g Nov 27 '13 at 4:55
I've no idea why the other two answers are so popular!
I believe you were right in assuming the ORM framework should handle it - after all, that is what it promises to deliver. Otherwise your domain model gets corrupted by persistence concerns. NHibernate manages this happily if you setup the cascade settings correctly. In Entity Framework it is also possible, they just expect you to follow better standards when setting up your database model, especially when they have to infer what cascading should be done:
You have to define the parent - child relationship correctly by using an "identifying relationship".
If you do this, Entity Framework knows the child object is identified by the parent, and therefore it must be a "cascade-delete-orphans" situation.
Other than the above, you might need to (from NHibernate experience)
instead of replacing the list entirely.
_USER_'s comment reminded me that detached entities are another part of the overall problem. To solve that, you can take the approach of using a custom model binder that constructs your models by attempting to load it from the context. This blog post shows an example of what I mean.
share|improve this answer
Setup as identifying relationship won't help here because the scenario in the question has to deal with detached entities ("my new list which comes from the MVC view"). You still have to load the original children from the DB, find the removed items in that collection based on the detached collection and then remove from the DB. The only difference is that with an identifying relationship you can call parent.ChildItems.Remove instead of _dbContext.ChildItems.Remove. There is still (EF <= 6) no built-in support from EF to avoid lengthy code like the one in the other answers. – Slauma May 7 '13 at 21:39
I understand your point. However, I believe with a custom model binder that loads the entity


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Posted by admin | Posted in Interactive Whiteboard, Knowledge (remember), Primary Elementary, Science, Secondary Elementary, Teacher Resources, Understand (describe, explain), Websites | Posted on 02-04-2012
What it is: The Office of Naval Research has a great interactive site filled with science and technology exploration for students. On the site, students can explore oceanography, space, and blow the ballast. Each section of the site has sub categories that let students narrow down their focus. The majority of the site is purely informational with accompanying images and short quizzes. My favorite portion of the site is the seasonal constellations. It really is the star of the site (no pun intended). The constellation interactive focuses on the constellations that can be viewed during each season. When students click on a season, they will see the constellations and options to show/hide the pictures, lines and names of the stars. The explanation of constellations and the seasonal impact on what students will see in the night sky is fantastic. In the Teacher's Corner, you will find great animations for each topic (space, oceanography, and submarines). These are fantastic visualizations of complex concepts made simple for students.
Please leave a comment and share how you are using Science and Technology Office of Naval Research in your classroom!


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The Port of Life II. - Enso
How to become nothing, to become invincible? How to reach the inimitable state of equanimity and great void? How to surrender yourself to memories and expectations, to forego cultural and surpass group identity and conquer the four stages to ultimate migratory freedom?
The musically vast work entitled "The Port of Life II. - Ensō, which through conceptually and genre complex multi-movement musical suite interweaves the psychological experience of the immigrant in later phases of acculturation and describes his long-term path to brighter cultural marginalization and the rise above group identification, the most recent compositional work by multiple award winning, New York based Slovenian composer Jean John / Žan Tetičkovič is a big successor to the project The Port of Life (2016) for which Jean received a special compositional prize "2017 ASCAP Johnny Mandel Prize.
From the initial phase of integration, in which the initial and new culture appear equivalent, to second state of complete assimilation, in which the immigrant completely surrenders to the new culture, to the melancholy-domicile position of separation, and, last but not least, the most psychologically emancipating phase of marginalization, the music written for the eleven piece chamber jazz ensemble and a classical string orchestra takes the listener on a unique path to personal regression and the rise over the phenomenon of socio-cultural identification.
The name Enso, which in Zen Buddhist culture does not only represent a circular motion and signifies the illusion of time, but also the moment of creation in the state of complete freedom is to showcase the project's main premise to yet again take the listener on the sonically intertwined path of acculturation, which this time apex and terminates with complete emancipation from any kind of cultural or greater group association. The great individual void is the destination, and the necessary stage where one solely accepts responsibility for one's own actions, free from anything given.


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National Museum of Wales
Cathays Park, Cardiff, CF10 3NP
National Museum Cardiff will be hosting a FREE fun-filled day of astronomical activities, shows and displays for all the family on Saturday 21 March, 10am-4pm.
Explore the Museum's meteorite collection, and use our impact simulator to discover the effects of a meteorite hitting your home town. Think you've found a meteorite? Bring it in and our museum scientists will identify it for you.
Interested in stargazing and wondering where to start and where to get help? Come along and talk to your local Astronomical Society! There will be stands from Cardiff, Bridgend, Abergavenny, Usk and Heads of the Valleys Astronomical Societies, offering information and help, telescopes on display, merchandise for sale, and various activities and experiments for children of all ages.
See spectacular 3D space shows with AstroCymru or explore the night sky with planetarium shows hosted by Abergavenny, Usk and Heads of the Valleys Astronomical Societies. Shows are bookable on the day at the front desk.
Have fun exploring our giant model of the solar system, and have a go at our planets quiz or craft activity.
Experience stargazing through the ages – find out what it was like to look through Galileo and Newton's early telescopes, and how today's high-tech telescopes compare!
Please note that this event has already taken place on 21/03/2020
Cardiff Astronomical Society is organising this event
Please contact Cardiff Astronomical Society directly for more details regarding this event or, if appropriate, contact the event venue.
The below chart shows if and when the skies will be at their darkest during this event. Moonlight is shown in light yellow and the Sun's twilight in light blue. Midnight on the date shown is shown as a white line with sunset to the left and sunrise the next morning to the right. A black background with stars shows the best times for stargazing.
Sat 21st Mar
Local light pollution
The above demonstrates the estimated effect of light pollution - graphics created using Stellarium.


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Animal Species:Cunningham's Skink
The Cunningham's Skink (Egernia cunninghami) is a sun-loving variety of spiny-tailed skink. The species is named in honor of Alan Cunningham; explorer and botanist, who collected the first specimen in the Blue Mountains.
This large skink has a long tail with keeled scales along its dorsal surface from the back of the neck down to the tip of the pointed tail. The legs are quite short, requiring the lizard to slide on its belly when it moves around. Its colour can vary from dark brown and reddish to a jet black with distinctive with scattered patches of paler scales.
Snout to vent length is 250mm
The species occurs within temperate climatic zone along both western and eastern sides of the Great Dividing Range from south-east Queensland down through New South Wales the Australian and into central Victoria. The species is also found in South Australia where it is restricted to the cool climate of the Mount Lofty Ranges and Fleurieu Peninsula. Individuals in the north of the range tend to be slightly smaller and are brown or reddish, while southern populations are darker and strongly patterned.
Forests and woodlands with rock outcrops. The species occurs within forests and open woodland which feature rock outcrops. Groups of Cunningham's Skinks bask on top of rocks and will scurry in between rock ledges to shelter.
Feeding and Diet
These omnivorous lizards feed on a variety of invertebrates such as insects, snails and slugs as well as vegetation such as fruit and leaves.
The captive diet for this species at the Australian Museum is provided in three feeds within a period of a week. These consist of a small feed of chopped vegetables on one day, a small serving of kangaroo mince on another day as well five crickets or a snail for the third feeding. The timing and order of the diet is changed around to simulate natural conditions and prevent stereotypical behaviour (where an animal will have predicable activity patterns and essentially be waiting to be fed). This food is supplemented with calcium and vitamin powder to ensure that a nutritionally balanced diet is provided.
Other behaviours and adaptations
Like other spiny species of the Egernia genus, Cunningham's Skinks live in large social groups makes it easier to spot danger. When threatened this lizard will take cover in a hollow log, under bark or between rocks. If harassed further it will inhale air, making its body swell up - this increased size, combined with the spiky keeled scales, makes it difficult for a predator to dislodge the lizard from its hiding place.
Life history mode
This species is viviparous with females producing litters of live young.
Mating and reproduction
This species is highly monogamous with most males fathering only one litter. Dispite remaining within the same range and not often dispersing, genetic studies have shown that Cunningham Skinks can identify close relatives and always choose unrelated partners. Litter size ranges from 1-11 young.
Protected in all states. Listed as endangered in South Australia
This species is protected in Australia and cannot be collected from the wild and a permit is required in most states and territories to keep this species in captivity. Please see the Resources for keeping live animals page and check with your local wildlife licensing agency.
- Cogger, H. G. 2000. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia. Reed New Holland, Sydney.
- Ehmann, H. 1992. Encyclopaedia of Australian Animals: Reptiles. Angus & Robertson. Pymble.
- Fyfe, G. 2008. Skinks, Family Scincidae. From Swan, M. (ed.) 2008. Keeping and Breeding Australian Lizards. Mike Swan Herp Books. Lilydale.
- Griffiths, K 2006. Frogs and Reptiles of the Sydney Region. Reed New Holland. Sydney.
- Jenkins, R. and Bartell, R. 1980. A Field Guide to Reptiles of the Australian High Country. Inkata Press. Melbourne.
Stow, A. J. 2004. Cunningham's skink. Nature Australia. Australian Museum
- Swan, M. 2008. Keeping and Breeding Australian Lizards. Mike Swan Herp. Books. Lilydale.
- Wilson, S. K. and Knowles, D.G. 1992. Australia's Reptiles, A Photographic reference to the Terrestrial Reptiles of Australia. Angus & Robertson. Pymble.
Chris Hosking, Interpretive Officer
Tags Egernia, cunninghami, Skink, Lizard, Cunningham's, Cunningham, Saura, Squamata, Live, Exhibits, Chris, Hosking, Keeping, Captive, Management, Husbandry, Reptilia, Reptiles, Herpetology, Australian, Museum,


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Dallas interactive laser billboards
What is laser advertising? Imagine projecting your company logo onto the Empire State building, or the Eiffel Tower in Paris, even Niagara falls. We present to you the cutting edge of digital marketing – a world of interactive billboards, hybrid video and laser projections, holographic messaging and robotic urban light installations.
No matter the location, any Dallas structure can be transformed into a broadcasting platform – a vehicle for building your brand. Why be confined to conventional forms of advertising? Almost anything can be published almost anywhere, with the content generated in real time. Utilizing high-powered RGB laser projectors, LED video walls and video projection, we create rich, interactive spaces. Humans can control, touch, and modulate the message, blurring the lines between entertainment, advertisement and education. Light, movement, thought, sound and imagination come together as one to engage your participants, astound your audience, and influence the masses.
Do you want to project your image onto a nearby mountain in Dallas? We can do it. Our lasers can draw a crisp image on something a mile away. We can transform your structure into a spectacle of light with laser and video projections. Epic Lasers has the tools, the creativity and the expertise to bring it to life: robotics, software design, motion graphics, 3D and more. Your next product launch may be a synchronized show of laser light in city centers across the globe. When your promotion must be absolutely amazing, we're the ones to call. When your brand is futuristic, cutting edge and unforgettable – that is Epic.


SAOImage DS9 Reference Manual
DS9 is the next version of the popular SAOtng display program. It is a Tk/Tcl application which utilizes the SAOtk widget set. It also incorporates the new X Public Access (XPA) mechanism to allow external processes to access and control its data, GUI functions, and algorithms. DS9 supports the direct display of FITS images and binary tables, multiple frame buffers, region cursor manipulation, many scale algorithms and colormaps, and easy communication with external analysis tasks. It is highly configurable and extensible to meet the evolving needs of the astronomical community.
DS9 supports advanced features such as multiple frame buffers, mosaic images, tiling, blinking, geometric markers, colormap manipulation, scaling, arbitrary zoom, rotation, pan, and a variety of coordinate systems (including Image, Physical, Detector, and WCS). DS9 also supports FTP and HTTP access. The GUI for DS9 is user configurable.
How It Works Backup and Restore File Formats
Mouse and Keyboard Coordinate Grids Preferences
Command Line Options Catalogs 3-D Frames
XPA Access Points Colorbar
Printing IRAF Support
Regions Analysis Binning


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Ancient Roman proverbs can certaintly be confusing, but they are certainly rich in meaning. Here are some of my favorite proverbs :
adversus solem ne loquitor literally means, "do not speak against the sun. It's used when someone is arguing or advocating something that is obviously and blatantly wrong. Since the sun is guaranteed to exist forever (assuming that a geologic catastrophe doesn't occur), the proverb is saying that one shouldn't argue against something that is so likely as the sun's existence.
ignis aurum probat literally means, "the fire tests the gold". When ancient Roman blacksmiths refined gold, they would do so in a hot fire. Therefore this phrase is used when someone's character is being "refined" by adversity.
aquila non capit muscas means the eagle does not catch flies. In ancient Rome, eagles were considered majestic animals. Conversely, flies were considered insignificant and a nuisance. Therefore this proverb was used to imply that people of high rank (the eagle) won't have the time or patience to deal with trifling matters (flies).
hic abundant leones means "here the lions abound". The lions are a metaphor for the unknown, like uncharted territory. When the Ancient Romans were first starting to conquer other nations, some of the territories on their maps were labeled with this phrase.
auribus teneo lupum literally means, "I grasp a wolf by the ears". It's supposed to convey a situation where you are damned if you do and damned if you don't. In other words, grabbing on to the wolf's ears or letting go could both end in disaster.
in cauda venenum which means, "poison in the tail" is a metaphor of a scorpion sting. This phrase is used when a situation starts without a hitch and becomes deadly in the end.
una hirundo non facit ver means, "one swallow does not make a summer". In Ancient Rome, swallows were considered good fortune. Therefore it means that one good outcome (or swallow) doesn't guarantee that a situation will be successful in every single instance.


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Each year, we do a School Garden Survey of teachers and principals to check in with our schools and determine if we are meeting their needs, and how we can do better. The results shown are from 149 teachers and administrators at 11 Maui County DOE schools.
Differences in the Program This Year
Grow Some Good introduced new curriculum this year with approximately 16 lessons per grade level that are mapped to Next Generation Science Standards. It was designed to be used as appropriate, not necessarily in order, and it provided a great framework for garden coordinators to use to align garden lessons with classroom learning.
Key Findings from the 2019 School Garden Survey
This annual School Garden Survey report shows that we had some gains in many areas, and there are still pockets where teachers and schools want more from Grow Some Good and our partner, Maui School Garden Network.
With regard to attributes that teachers observed among students, 88% of teachers reported seeing an increased interest in eating fruits and vegetables; up from 84% last year; 58% of teachers reported seeing an improved attitude towards school; up from 53% last year.
With regard to garden benefits in academics, we continue to excel in the areas of science, and health and nutrition, with 98% of teachers saying the garden benefits students in these areas. 79% of teachers said the garden benefits lessons in math, up from 56% last year; 87% of teachers said the garden benefits lessons in English/language arts, up from 69% last year; and 85% of teachers said the garden benefits lessons in Hawaiian Studies, up from 61% last year
Following is a report on the percentage of teachers who indicated on the School Garden Survey that they saw a benefit or change in students in the described areas.
Attributes Observed of School Garden Participants
|87%||Increased environmental attitude/attitudes|
|49%||Increased community spirit and interest in volunteerism|
|52%||Improved social skills/behaviors|
|88%||Increased interest in eating fruits and vegetables|
|29%||Improved motor skills|
|58%||Improved attitude towards school|
Comments about observed attributes:
- The garden has been a great space to encourage mindfulness. It provides a silent spot for students to sit and observe the garden, and has been a huge benefit for students who need to learn how to self-regulate.
- Their ability to work cooperatively has improved as well as more awareness of things/people around them. They are less egocentric after working in the garden.
- Students work together to solve problems. I think they make more connections between nature and their academics.
- Increased interest in agricultural careers.
- Students are smiling and engaging with each other in a more positive, different way.
Student Behavior Benefits:
|94%||Students are learning new gardening skills|
|61%||Students are more focused in classroom activities after being |
in the garden
|35%||Students/parents are starting home gardens as result of school |
|39%||Students have better attendance on garden class days|
|73%||Students have improved attitudes with respect for others, and |
demonstrate caring and nurturing behaviors
Comments about observed benefits:
- Garden class gets my students outside with a purpose. Also, many live in condos so they may not have experience with growing food or caring for nature. The garden coordinator and the outdoor classroom were exciting and the students learned about life cycles. Later in the year we were able to gather, care for and observe the life cycle of 11 butterflies! The kids were so excited. The garden coordinator got the students, even my picky eaters, to try new foods!
- Students are learning to try new things as well as gaining a respect for nature and how things are grown.
- Students LOVE garden class; learning how to be gardeners and appreciate nature more!
- I have noticed that students know more about plants, gardening, etc when reading stories about such topics.
- They have more respect for where their food comes from and a better understanding of Hawaiian culture in relation to specific foods in Hawaii.
- Students are introduced to healthy foods they have never had before.
- I love having the garden not only because of the beauty it brings to our campus, but the learning is tremendous!
- Students make a connection that outdoors in the garden is another learning environment… not just inside the classroom.
- Kids enjoy the hands-on aspect and they learn how to synergize with each other.
- Students discover that trying new things (even when muddy or 'yucky' or buggy) isn't as scary as they originally thought. Now students are more interested in giving things a try whereas before – they were very hesitant.
- They (students) are kinder to bugs, because they know they help the plants.
Core Curriculum Benefits
|Health and Nutrition||69%||27%||3%||98%|
Comments about Core Curriculum
- Target a couple science standards for each grade level.
- Perhaps assign some take home papers or readings to extend the learning and work on addressing ELA CCSS.
- Students would enjoy having more tasting sessions.
- Gardening can be related to nearly all core curriculum classes in varied presentation aspects.
- Encourage more core teachers to get involved.
- The collaboration and communication time with certain grade levels will help with the execution of lessons and garden integration with the curriculum and place/project-based learning.
- Implement more math and reading or writing into the garden.
- Having time for the students to visit the garden to do other content area skills. Writing stories and connecting math to the garden.
- Keep building lessons that support NGSS.
To the best of your knowledge and observation, which of the following non-core subjects are taught in the garden?
- 93% Health and Nutrition
- 86% Environmental Studies
- 77% General Learner Outcomes (GLO)
- 71% Agricultural Studies
- 61% Home Ec/Cooking
- 55% Service Learning / Community Service
- 52% Art
- 20% Physical Education
- 12% Special Education
General Comments to the School Garden Survey
- We are very happy with GSG & MSGN in our school. Thank you very much.
- I'm not sure (how to improve), this program is fantastic! Keep up the great work!
- I've only been once (to the garden) and from that one time, I've realized how beneficial it is for the students. I would like to design lessons around it to connect it with my content.
- Every time a student goes to garden, they bring veggies or cooked food back. They really enjoy eating and sharing the food with their teachers (even their core teachers).
- Our teachers' involvement with the garden and value for the 'aina has greatly increased in the last few years. Our teachers are starting their own beds with their students and prioritizing project and placed based learning through doing in the garden.
- My students are all eager to participate in garden. We go at the end of the day, and my students perk right up. They are engaged in the content and ready to dive into the dirt, even the ones who said they don't like getting dirty!
- We need to have our garden coordinator continue his/her work in the garden and deliver the relevant and important lessons to our students.
- Our garden time is the highlight of our week.
- It would be nice if students could go out to the garden more often.
- Could we allot more time per class? Or could we include discussion/lesson time in the classroom, so they are more prepared for the hands-on experience?
- Create a small activity book (on recycled paper).
- Provide a regular lawn maintenance person
- Provide extension activities to classroom teachers.
- We are very happy with GSG & MSGN in our school. Thank you very much.
- Introduce local produce. Helping to minimize food waste from the cafeteria is a concern for me. Students often don't eat much of what is served.
- Help us to build more gardens at our school :).
- Provide PD for how teachers can utilize the garden outside of their dedicated garden class time.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Avaya Interactive Response
Reference Number: AA-01093 Views: 3741 0 Rating/ Voters

The LumenVox speech recognition software is compatible with the Avaya Interactive Response platform (for other platforms, including Voice Portal, see Working with Platforms). This is done via the MRCPv1 connection, so before you begin you will need to have the following installed:

 - A working Avaya IR platform that already has speech recognition enabled — you may refer to our more complete Avaya IR/LumenVox Application Notes for more information on this.
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 - The LumenVox MRCPv1 Server (see our installation instructions)
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 - The LumenVox Speech Engine and License Server. These may run on the same machine as the MRCPv1 Server or different machines. (See our installation and licensing instructions for Windows or Linux.)
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To configure Avaya, you will use the Web-based administration tools and choose the Administration setting under the Speech and DPR Administrator menu choice:

 1. Click the Assign New Recognition Type button.
 2.
 3. Set the Engine type to mrcp-ibm
 4.
 5. Fill in the settings as appropriate. Ensure that the IP Address points to the IP address of your MRCPv1 Server.
 6.
 7. Make sure that the Server Name is the MRCPv1 Server's IP address, with /media/recognizer on the end of it. So if your MRCPv1 Server were on a machine with the IP address of 10.0.0.1, your Server Name would be 10.0.0.1/media/recognizer
 8.
 9. Once the server is configured, you will need to assign services and applications to it as you would any other ASR server in Avaya. Again, for detailed instructions on this, refer to the Avaya IR/LumenVox Application Notes.

Once you have configured your Avaya IR machine to point to the MRCPv1 Server, you will need to make two changes to the LumenVox MRCP configuration file:

 1. The mrcp_server_ip must be set to the actual IP address, not the loopback. You cannot use 127.0.0.1 for this and must put in the actual IP address of the machine hosting the MRCPv1 Server.
 2.
 3. The resource_string must be set to media/recognizer and not left at the default recognizer.
 4.
 5. Optional: if your Speech Engine is running on a different server from the MRCPv1 Server, you must change sre_ip to the IP address of that machine.
 6.


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Michelle Grabowski, UMN Extension Educator
Canna Yellow Streak Virus (CaYSV) causes yellow to brown streaks along leaf veins of infected plants. Severely infected plants may have poor growth and reduced or no flowers.
Although many viruses are transmitted from plant to plant by an insect vector, there is no known vector for CaYSV other than humans. Cannas are propagated by splitting the rhizome of one plant, and growing the pieces into many new plants. If the original plant is infected with the CaYSV, all new plants arising from that plant will also carry the virus. Once infected with CaYSV, a canna is infected for life. The only effective control is to throw out infect rhizomes and start over with healthy virus free plant material.


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Introduction: Dialysis treatment prior to transplantation may contribute to premature mortality and graft loss in kidney-transplanted patients. In this prevalent cohort study (TransQol-HU Study), we analyzed the association between pre-transplant dialysis duration versus mortality and death-censored graft loss in kidney-transplanted patients. Methods: Data from 926 kidney-transplanted patients followed at a single outpatient transplant center were analyzed. Socio-demographic parameters, laboratory data, medical history, donor characteristics and information on co-morbidities were collected at baseline. Data on 5-year outcome (graft loss, mortality) were collected. Results: In multivariate analyses, pre-transplant dialysis duration was an independent risk factor for mortality (HRfor each month increase = 1.011; 95% CI: 1.005-1.016) and also for death-censored graft loss (HR for each month increase = 1.008; 95% CI: 1.001-1.015) after adjustment for several co-variables. In the multivariate model, patients with less than 1 year (HR = 0.498; 95% CI: 0.302-0.820; P = 0.006) and 1-3 years (HR = 0.577; 95% CI: 0.371-0.899; P = 0.015) of pre-transplant dialysis had significantly better survival after transplantation compared to those with more than 3 years on dialysis. Conclusions: These findings add further strength to existing evidence about the significant association between longer pre-transplant dialysis duration and poor outcome in kidney-transplanted patients.
ASJC Scopus subject areas


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The deposition of organic molecules on gold nanoantennas is reported through chemisorption for sensing in the midinfrared (mid-IR) spectral range. The specific nanostructures are gold asymmetric-split ring resonators (A-SRRs) based on circular-geometry with two different 'arc' lengths. The plasmonic resonant coupling technique was used to match the vibrational responses of the targeted molecules for their enhanced detection. Gold nanostructures are functionalised through chemisorption of octadecanethiol (ODT) in ethanol solution. The molecular vibrational responses were measured using a microscope coupled Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The experimental findings are closely supported using FDTD simulation. The modified nanoantennas surfaces are capable of supporting wide range of organic-sensing applications.
Jharna Paul, Scott G. McMeekin, Richard M. De La Rue, and Nigel P. Johnson, "Deposition of organic molecules on gold nanoantennas for sensing," Proc. SPIE 10227, Metamaterials XI, 102270Z (Presented at SPIE Optics + Optoelectronics: April 27, 2017; Published: 16 May 2017); _URL_
Conference Presentations are recordings of oral presentations given at SPIE conferences and published as part of the conference proceedings. They include the speaker's narration along with a video recording of the presentation slides and animations. Many conference presentations also include full-text papers. Search and browse our growing collection of more than 14,000 conference presentations, including many plenary and keynote presentations.
Study of self-shadowing effect as a simple means to realize nanostructured thin films and layers with special attentions to birefringent obliquely deposited thin films and photo-luminescent porous silicon


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OnionSIP: Preserving Privacy in SIP with Onion Routing
Alexandros Fakis (University of the Aegean, Greece)
Georgios Karopoulos (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece)
Georgios Kambourakis (Engineering, University of the Aegean, Greece)
Abstract: While more and more users turn to IP-based communication technologies, privacy and anonymity remain largely open issues. One of the most prominent VoIP protocols for multimedia session management is SIP which, despite its popularity, suffers from security and privacy aws. As SIP messages are sent in plain text, user data are exposed to intermediate proxies and eavesdroppers. As a result, information about users participating in a call can leak from header data, which cannot be omitted since they are needed for the correct routing of SIP messages to their final destination. Even more, traffic analysis attacks can be mounted with data stemming from lower layers. To redress this kind of problems, privacy can be achieved either by the construction of a lower level tunnel (via the use of SSL or IPsec protocols) or by employing a customtailored solution. However, SSL and IPsec are known for leading to undesirable, non affordable delays, and thus the need for a SIP-oriented solution is preferable. In the context of this article, we evaluate three alternative solutions to encounter the above issues. More specifically, we use two well-known anonymity networks, Tor and I2P, for secluding both caller's and callee's actions by securing SIP messages content. As a third solution, we present our proposal for preserving privacy in SIP signaling, by using an onion-routing approach, where selected sensitive fields of SIP messages are encrypted using either asymmetric or symmetric encryption. We compare these three alternatives in terms of performance, mentioning the pros and cons that come up with each proposal. Our work also presents the reasons why other existing anonymity networks fail to be considered as appropriate for preserving anonymity in SIP.
Keywords: I2P, Tor, anonymity, privacy, session initiation protocol
Categories: H.4.3, H.5.1


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Analysis of the detection method of electrostatic performance of anti-static work clothes: Anti-static work clothes are widely used in industries that require high static electricity. Static electricity generally does not cause great harm to the human body, but static electricity is more harmful to precision industries. The research of anti-static clothing affects the safety of this type of industry. This article will focus on how textile companies use anti-static test
ers to detect and test anti-static clothing. Operation instructions 1. Test preparation The test is required to be carried out in an atmosphere with a relative humidity of 30% to 40% and a temperature of 20±2°C. After pre-drying the sample at a temperature of 50°C for 30 minutes, adjust the humidity balance under the test atmosphere 5 hours. Plug in the power socket, turn on the power switch of the host, and turn the high-voltage adjustment knob to make the high-voltage display display 10KV. Turn on the power switch of the control box and press the 'Clear' button to make the attenuation voltage on the display meter of the electrostatic meter display zero. The preset pressurization time is 30 seconds on the 'pressurization time' timer. 2. The anti-static clothing testing instrument is suitable for measuring the electrostatic properties of various types of fabrics such as fibers and yarns or various plate-shaped products. The main body of the instrument is composed of a corona discharge device and a probe detector. Use a given high-voltage electric field to discharge the fabric for a fixed time to induce static electricity on the fabric, so as to detect the amount of static electricity, the half-life of static voltage attenuation, and the amount of static electricity remaining to show the static charge performance of the tested fabric. 3. Anti-static work clothes tester, roller friction machine, friction charge tester 4. Anti-static work clothes tester is used to evaluate the electrostatic characteristics of fabrics charged in the form of friction under laboratory conditions. Anti-static work clothes testing equipment
is a necessary instrument for 'Special Labor Protection Equipment Safety Certification' (LA Certification) and 'Special Labor Protection Equipment Production License' 5. Anti-static work clothes testing equipment (Faraday tube method) Anti-static work clothes testing equipment In the laboratory conditions, the electrostatic characteristics of the fabrics after being charged in the form of friction were evaluated. This instrument is a necessary instrument for 'Special Labor Protection Equipment Safety Certification' (LA Certification) and 'Special Labor Protection Equipment Production License'. The anti-static work clothes testing equipment currently supplied has provided inspection services for hundreds of domestic special protective clothing companies such as Shanghai Garment Group, Shida Tools (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shantou Aoshan Clothing, Jiangsu Hubao Group, etc.; and Sinosteel Wuhan Environmental Protection Research Institute Co., Ltd., Taizhou Fiber Inspection Institute, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Work Safety Research Institute and dozens of testing institutions cooperated to assist them in completing their qualification review. With the increase in sales and more professional Ru0026D and production, anti-static work clothes testing equipment not only has reliable data and stable quality, but also has become the most cost-effective personal protection testing equipment in China. More about anti-static tester: _URL_
GESTER International Co.,Limited guarantees to providing quality products and services.
GESTER International Co.,Limited is committed to supplying the consumer and our customers with the finest, high-quality products and to leading the industry in textile testing equipment tensile tester manufacturers
GESTER clearly and succinctly expresses what our company is all about. Strong brands cut through the noise to grab the audience and immediately shed light on the character of the product or service.


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Echo combination to reduce temperature measurement errors in the presence of fat
Rieke V, Butts Pauly K
Lipids create errors in temperature estimation with the proton resonant frequency (PRF) shift method. Fat suppression is commonly used in tissues with lipid content, but increases imaging time and is difficult at low field strengths. In this study, we investigate a method to substantially reduce these errors by refocusing several gradient echoes and combining the corresponding temperature maps. This echo combination technique eliminates the need for fat suppression in tissues such as the liver.


text:
[Chronic venous pathology: presentation of a new international classification].Clin Ter. 1997 Nov; 148(11):521-6.CT
The Authors present a new classification of chronic venous pathology. The first presentation was in Maui during the Congress of the North American Society of Phlebology and the second in London, during the last World Congress of International Union of Phlebology. The aim is to standardize the clinical and instrumental data to propose a common classification to all physicians. Etiological, anatomical, physiopathological and clinical findings were considered.


text:
Steven Vance recently forwarded me a question about why CTA's rails have been sparking. Unlike MAX trains which get power from an overhead wire system, their trains get power through a third rail system. However, arcing in both kinds of power systems during winter weather is typically caused by ice. Ice building up on the wire (or third rail as the case may be) acts as an electrical insulator, preventing the carbon shoe from making contact with the wire where the ice accumulates. This interruption in the flow of the current from the wire to the pantograph is visible as arcing.
Here's a video of a MAX train pulling into & out of a platform where there was some ice on the catenary, and you can easily see the effect that it has:
To help clear ice from the overhead wire & prevent it from accumulating, a few of the Type 1s (107-112) are equipped with ice cutters which are put into use for major freezing rain/ice events. I don't have a picture of any of them in use (though I'm willing to accept donations!), but they look like a second pantograph and function by heating/scraping ice from the overhead wire. Unlike the pantographs, ice cutters only draw current to heat the elements and not to provide power to the train, so they won't arc the same way the pantographs do in ice. Their function is strictly to clear ice from the wire.
If you'd ever seen one of these cars and wondered why it has two pantographs, wonder no more! It doesn't – one pantograph, one ice cutter.
View from above; the ice cutter is the one closer to the coupled end, the pantograph is the one in contact with the wire closer to the vantage point. Bonus cameo appearance by car 235


text: The Great Divide, a memorial erected to Sir James Hector in Yoho National Park in British Columbia, is featured in this image from the NY Times Canadian Archive, taken in August, year unknown. Hector, a geologist from Scotland, was part of the Palliser Expedition that explored the Canadian Rockies in search of new routes for the national railway. Legend has it Hector was kicked by a horse during the expedition and presumed dead. A monument was constructed prematurely in his honour to mark his grave. Ever heard of Kicking Horse Pass? That's how it got its name.


text:
There are climbing plants that can tolerate and grow in clay soil.
Growing plants in clay soil is a challenge. Clay soil is slow to drain and dense. That makes it hard for plant roots to grow.
Choosing plants that can tolerate clay soil is one way to work around the clay soil challenge. Some plants are native to regions where clay soil predominates; they have an advantage over other plants.
Amending the soil with organic matter such as aged compost and manure is a good way to gain an upper hand on clay soil. Spread organic matter across planting beds at least twice a year.
When setting new plants into clay soil, dig a hole twice as wide and deep as the plant's rootball and mix organic matter with the native soil as you backfill at planting time.
Here's a list of climbing plants that will grow in clay soil.
Climbing Plants that Tolerate Clay Soil
|A-H Common Name||Botanical Name||Zones|
|Boston Ivy||Parthenocissus tricuspidata||4-9|
|Climbing Hydrangea||Hydrangea anomala subsp. petiolaris||4-8|
|Crimson Glory Vine||Vitis coignetiae||6-9|
|Dutchman's Pipe||Aristolochia macrophylla||4-8|
|Euonymus Vine||Euonymus fortunei 'Silver Queen'||4-9|
|Five-Flavor Berry||Schisandra chinensis||4-7|
|Golden Hop Vine||Humulus lupulus 'Aureus'||5-10|
|L-Z Common Name||Botanical Name||Zones|
|Hop Vine||Humulus lupulus||5-10|
|Honeysuckle||Lonicera (some spp.)||4-9|
|Kiftsgate Rose||Rose filipes||4-9|
|Passionflower Vine||Passiflora spp.||6-9|
|Silk Tassel Bush||Garrya elliptica||7-10|
|Sweet Pea||Lathyrus latifolius||5-9|
|Trumpet Creeper||Campsis spp.||5-9|
|Trumpet Vine||Distictus spp.||4-8|
Also of interest:


When exactly can a home doctor help?
As a home doctor service, there are many reasons why patients book a doctor ranging from physical injuries to illnesses. Though, a common occurrence we have noticed is patients wondering whether or not they do require a home doctor or if they should simply wait until the following day.
To help, we have put together a list of common reasons you can book a home doctor.

Sprains
It is very common for patients to injure themselves during a work or school day and then need to call for an after-hours doctor at night. A usual reason for this will be because of a sprain. If you think you may be suffering from a sprain, you can look for the below signs and if you are experiencing them, book a doctor. These include:

· Tenderness when you touch the area;
· Bruising;
· Swelling;
· Pain;
· Being unable to move the affected area.

Although some patients tend to think their injury is only minor and therefore medical attention is not needed, you should always consult with a doctor to exclude the possibility of serious injury – particularly those which may need advanced treatment.

If the injury is minor, a home doctor will be able to advise the correct treatment including rest, ice or heat, anti-inflammatory medication, or pain-relieving medication. Following this, if the injury is worse, the doctor may refer you to an emergency department where further assessment will be needed.
Another common physical injury our home doctors have come across is pain, such as hip, back and neck. If you are in intense pain, consult with a doctor immediately. Other signs you should see a doctor include:

· Being unable to walk more than a few steps without experiencing pain;
· Being unable to move the affected area without experiencing pain;
· Feeling numbness near the affected area.

Skin infections
Another very common reason our home doctors are called is for skin infections. These can include:

· School sores: This infection is quite common with children and is highly contagious, therefore requiring immediate medical attention. If you notice symptoms such as red and itchy skin or blisters (particularly around the mouth or nose) – contact a doctor as soon as possible. From here, a doctor will be able to advise the correct treatment from ointments or creams to prescription antibiotics.

· Hives: This skin rash is usually caused by allergic reaction, with triggers including medicines, food, or irritants. Hives can be identified with symptoms such as red and itchy welts appearing in varied sizes and shapes. Once examined, a doctor will advise the patient with the correct treatment such as over the counter or prescribed antihistamines.

· Cellulitis: This skin bacterial infection is typically identified as it usually occurs on the lower legs and will look red or swollen and the affected area will be tender to touch. Cellulitis is caused when bacteria enter the skin and spread to tissue underneath. You should seek medical attention immediately if you believe you may have cellulitis, particularly as it is common in older people. A doctor can then prescribe the correct treatment, typically antibiotics.


text:
There are dozens of vines that can perfectly adorn the sides of buildings and fences.
Depending where you plant your vines, they will grow through your shrubs and trees, enhancing them as well. Look for vine varieties that offer something interesting during more than one season. For example: beautiful flowers in spring, full foliage in summer, vibrant color in the fall, and attractive bark or twisting branches in winter.
When it comes time to choose your plants, you will want to consider the different types of vines available. There are 4 main types of vines that grow and secure themselves to fences in various ways. You will want to think about the materials they will attach to (chain link fence, vinyl fencing, a split rail fence, a traditional wood fence, etc.) and choose your plants accordingly.
The 4 types of vine are:
- Clinging vines. These vines have specialized growths, like little suction cups. These grow along the stems and will hook onto any surface they touch. That is why clinging vines like ivy will attach to brick walls. These will hold to most surfaces, but be careful, they can sometimes damage the material beneath the vine.
- Sprawling vines. These vines are often vigorous, spreading plants. In order for them to climb, they need to be tied to a trellis or support built onto the fence. A climbing rose is a good example of a sprawling vine that can be beautiful with some upkeep.
- Twining vines (wrapping). Some, like star jasmine, wrap around anything that falls in their way. The plant will send out branches that twine or wrap completely around a chainlink fence or trellis. These have a sturdy hold and can be harder to remove intact
- Twining vines (tendril). Grapes vines are a good example of twining vines with tendrils. They have small, twining tendrils at the base of their leaves. The tendrils grow and stretch until they find something solid within their reach to grab and wrap around.
Once you have decided on the perfect type of vine for your fence, the sky's the limit. Think about what will make your fence the most beautiful. Is it a combination of colors, or a vine that will transform your fence into a beautiful monochromatic statement? At Clarksville Fencing, we love all types of fences and know that each can be beautiful in their own way. For more information and to get a quote on a new fence for your home, garden, or yard: contact us at Clarksville Fencing today!


the Thing to split his time between a newly reformed Avengers and the Fantastic Four, and Grimm spent a tense time as Angrir, Breaker of Souls, when he became possessed by a mystical hammer during a world-wide battle between Earth's heroes and the insidious Serpent.
Once cleared of being accused of murdering Alicia Masters' step-father the Puppet Master, the Thing joined the underground resistance movement against Captain America's Hydra regime and briefly joined both the outer space Guardians of the Galaxy and the earthbound S.H.I.E.L.D. When Doctor Doom took advantage of the destruction of the multiverse and built a patchwork Battleworld of his own, Grimm found himself a living wall called the Shield on the strange planet and later aided Reed Richards' victory over the god-like Doom.
With Doom's former power, Richards reconstituted the prime universe, but chose to remain behind the scenes with Sue Richards and their children to rebuild other realities. Grimm and Johnny Storm searched for them through multiple universes with a device built by Mr. Fantastic called the Multisect, and were finally reunited with them to once more inaugurate a bold new era of the Fantastic Four.
Последние новости
Superman vs Black Adam
Кто кого? Кавилл против Джонсона
Черный Адам
Актер Элдис Ходж сыграет Человека-ястреба
Тоби Магуайр в третьем фильме о человеке пауке


text:
DASOL, the third cubesat of the Korea Astronautical Institute's Toyosat, has not been heard from for four days.
According to the Ministry of Science and ICT and the Korea Astronautical Institute on the 29th, there are still no signals from DASOL, the third of four Toyosat satellites, and JAC, a cubesat developed by Judstack. It seems to have gotten off the bus, but there is no way to tell if it has reached its destination. In response, a unique frequency has been shared on the SatNogs site, where a network of ground stations around the world can check for signal reception. People from around the world have been searching for Dasol and JAC.
Plans to launch Soyuz-2 in 2022 postponed
The third launch of the Nuri last year was supposed to carry the
The winners of the Toyosat Name It!메이저놀이터
Toyosat was originally scheduled to be launched aboard Russia's Soyuz-2 space launch vehicle in 2022, but the launch was postponed indefinitely due to the spread of COVID-19 and the Russian-Ukrainian war. However, on October 7 last year, the Space Launch System Project Promotion Committee decided to launch Toyosat on the third launch of the Nuri. In addition, Cheonmunyeon launched the 'Put Your Name on Toyosat' event in early 2020 to develop Toyosat. The winners of the event, who applied to have their names engraved on four of the satellites, were also saddened by Dasol's disappearance.
In the video of the launch of Nuri on the 25th, there are questions about whether Dasol was properly ejected from Nuri, and in the video of the launch of Nuri on the 25th, you can see the broadcast of Toyosat 2, "CubeSat 5 separation confirmation," at 14 minutes and 51 seconds after the launch of Nuri, and the broadcast of "CubeSat 7 separation confirmation" at 15 minutes and 35 seconds after 40 seconds. There is no announcement that Dasol has been injected. There were no cameras in the direction of the launch, so it was not possible to confirm that it was actually launched. While the Next Generation Small Satellite 2 transmits electrical signals as well as camera images when it is injected, the cube satellites are not electrically connected to Nuri and only receive information about the opening and closing of the injection tube, so it is possible that Dasol's injection tube entrance was opened but not injected. This is the same situation as getting off the bus and not being able to get your clothes or bags off.
In a briefing after the launch on the 25th, Choi Jong-hwan, head of the Korea Advanced Launch Vehicle Complex at the Korea Aerospace Exploration Agency, said, "In certain injection tubes, data of strange quality has accumulated," adding, "It will take time to receive and analyze all the telemetry data."
Weak signals and long attitude control times
No problem with more than one flight.
Since cube satellites are literally tiny, unlike medium and large satellites, the signals they send for communication are often weak and attitude control takes time. In the second launch of Nuri in June last year, Miman, a cube satellite developed by Yonsei University, succeeded in communicating 48 days after launch. According to the Astronomical Society of Korea, it was planned to conduct the world's first formation flight observation using four Toyosats, but it is possible to conduct a formation flight with only three satellites without Dassault. Although it is possible to fly in formation with as few as two satellites, the observation quality is better when all four satellites are present, so they plan to continue to try to communicate with Dassault.
Meanwhile, as the second generation of small satellites has been successfully placed into an orbit at an altitude of 550 kilometers and is preparing for its mission, there is growing interest in the satellites that will go into space on the fourth through sixth launches of the Nuri program. The fourth launch, scheduled for 2025, will carry a next-generation medium-sized satellite developed by the private Korean Aerospace Industries (KAI) to verify space science technologies such as cell culture experiments and measurements of space plasma and magnetic fields in space. The fifth launch in 2026 and the sixth launch in 2027 will also carry ultra-small satellites developed by private companies.


Using BIN/CUE Files
One of our most important areas. Learn to use this site, improve your download speeds, convert to DVD and much more.
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NiKEUS
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Using BIN/CUE Files
Post by NiKEUS »
How to use bin/cue files:
What are they
Bin files are image files of the CDs you are trying to get. They are created from various programs. Cue files are basically something that tells burning software like Nero where and how to burn these files. They aren't always needed but they do make things easier.
Note: You do not need to burn bin files to use them. READ ON for more information
How to burn them
The following steps are written by dead frog
Here's what you do (using Nero, using "Frogland" as example).
-DownloadCDmage _URL_
and check the bin for errors first. If it finds some it will attempt to correct, but the chance of burning a copy with errors is now higher.
-Open the .cue with notepad and make sure the filename on line 1 matches the filename you're trying to burn. If you want to reduce the chance of 'line 1' errors, change the filename (and the one in the cue) to something like frogland.bin, instead of one with redundant info like frogland.ripped.by.frogga.sharereactor.(FTC).share_or_be_disconnected.bin
 - - Do the filenames match now?
 - Are you sure?
 - Put cue and bin in the same directory
 - Start Nero, select "Burn Image" from the 'file' menu (or Recorder, Burn Image in newer versions of Nero)
 - Find the directory with the cue (and bin) in it.
 - Click on da cue
 - Change your burning options (simulation, etc) and click write
 - It burns. You're done!
A quick way to do bin/cue files is to skip to step 5. If it doesn't work then it means that the cue file is incorrect or you don't have the bin file in the same folder as the cue file.
From this point you can just fix the cue file by opening it notepad(read furthur down) or you can try burning the bin file in Nero with the same "burn image" command. Select the bin file and burn it as "data mode 2". I like using the cue file so I don't use the second option all too much.
If you only have the .bin and are missing the .cue
Try MakeCue _URL_
it'll allow you to create a .cue for the type of .bin file you're dealing with.
Another tutorial:
Rymke found this other helpful _URL_ ... h_nero.cfm
NiKEUS
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Post by NiKEUS »
No CD burner? Lack of disks? Want to test before burning? Too lazy to burn that disk? Daemon tools may have the answer.
Mounting an image:
Right-click on the Daemon-Tools trayicon
Select Virtual CD/DVD-ROM
Select Device [?:]
Click Mount
Browse and select the image you wish to mount
Click OK or double-click on the file to mount
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unmounting an image:
Right-click on the Daemon-Tools trayicon
Select Virtual CD/DVD-ROM
Select Device [?:]
Click Unmount
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Enabling Protection Emulations:
Right-click on the Daemon-Tools trayicon
Select Emulation
Click on the desired emulation to enable
Note: You can find more information about CD Protections by clicking here
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fast Dump:
Daemon-Tools' "fastdump" feature is used to speed up the image creation of Safedisc 1 & 2 protected CDs and is also the first step to create a backup of a Safedisc 2 protected CD.
Enable safedisc emulation
Install the game you want to backup
Start the game, and wait until the safedisc check is over (you usually see a splash screen while it is safedisc checking)
Exit the program and do NOT remove the CD
Run your burning program (a list of suitable burning programs can be found here)
Start image creation or copying
You might see a list of errors for up to 20 seconds, which is normal
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Command Line Switces
-lock
used to lock the DLL operation to be sure no unauthorized program can load daemon.dll and use its functions. Used mainly in autostart (if 'Autolock' option is enabled), but can be used in command line too. Unlocking can be done from Virtual DAEMON manager or other GUI that is currently running. Note that locking has no effect on DAEMON Manager itself or other programs which have been 'authorized' by us to use the DLL.
-noicon
this option is used to prevent Daemon-Tools from creating a taskbar icon. It has no effect if DAEMON manager is already running or you specified another command (except 'lock') in the command line! DAEMON manager automatically exits after command is executed and does not create taskbar icon.
-mount
allows mounting images from command line (or shortcut).
Syntax is: -mount <n>,<path>
where 'n' means DVD-ROM device number ('0' - '3' allowed) and 'path' is the full path to the image file.
Example: daemon.exe -mount 0,"c:\My Images\nameofimage.cue".
Do not forget to set the path in quotes if it contains spaces!
-unmount
allows unmounting images from command line.
Syntax is: -unmount <n>
where 'n' means DVD-ROM device number ('0' - '3' allowed)
-safedisc ?
allows turning Safedisc emulation on/off from command line.
'-safedisc on' enables emulation, '-safedisc off' disables it
-securom ?
allows turning Securom emulation on/off from command line.
'-securom on' enables emulation, '-securom off' disables it
-laserlok ?
allows turning Laserlock emulation on/off from command line.
'-laserlok on' enables emulation, '-laserlok off' disables it.
-rmps ?
allows turning RMPS emulation on/off from command line.
'-rmps on' enables emulation, '-rmps off' disables it.
Wassup
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Posts: 18
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Location: Amalthea
Post by Wassup »
If you are looking for a media player that will play .bin files try vlc
VLC (initially VideoLAN Client) is a highly portable multimedia player for various audio and video formats (MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, DivX, mp3, ogg, ...) as well as DVDs, VCDs, and various streaming protocols. It can also be used as a server to stream in unicast or multicast in IPv4 or IPv6 on a high-bandwidth network.
_URL_
A very useful program to have.
ZiN
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Been thanked: 31 times
Post by ZiN »
You can also extract the contents of bin files using WinISO.
WinISO.v5.3 LasH.exe [1.32 Mb]
n7of9
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Post by n7of9 »
checked and updated :thumbs
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Return to "Tutorials"


CardSlap is a website for making flashcards. You can put images or text on either side of a flashcard, you can sort them into decks, and you can mark them as memorized. If you need to resize them, you can do that too.
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text:
History of King's Highway 49 (#2):
King's Highway 49 is a minor collector highway which once connected Picton and Prince Edward County with Highway 401 east of Belleville. Only one short section of this highway now remains near Deseronto, because the highway was almost completely downloaded in 1998. Despite the downloading, Highway 49 still forms an important highway link between Prince Edward County and the mainland. Only two other bridges link to Prince Edward County. The other two bridges are located on Highway 62 near Belleville and Highway 33 south of Trenton.
Highway 49 was first established in 1966, when a new highway link was established between Prince Edward County and the mainland. The discontinuous southern section of Highway 41 from Picton to Coles Wharf was renumbered as Highway 49. With the completion of the Quinte Skyway on September 6, 1967, a direct connection between Picton and Highway 401 was put into service. The route of Highway 49 did not change until 1998, when most sections of the highway were lost to downloading. The Ontario Government retained ownership of the Quinte Skyway and the section of Highway 49 lying within the Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory near Deseronto. The rest of the highway was downloaded, and is now known as Prince Edward Road 49 and Hastings Road 15. Highway 49 is now only 6.1 km long, and no longer connects to any other provincial highways.
Highway 49 traverses a predominantly rural portion of Eastern Ontario. The only major towns located along the original highway are Picton and Deseronto. Services are available in most communities along the highway. Most sections of Highway 49 are two lanes, but passing lanes appear occasionally along the highway. There are no tolls for vehicles using the Quinte Skyway. The speed limit on Highway 49 is 80 km/h (50 mph), unless posted otherwise. Please visit the Highway 49 Mileage Chart page for a list of mileage reference points along Highway 49.
Additional Information About King's Highway 49:
Learn More About King's Highway 49 (My Upcoming Publications)