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Microsoft Exchange 2010 PowerShell Cookbook
Book Description
This brilliant Cookbook is packed with step-by-step instructions on writing scripts for Exchange 2010. You'll be able to use the recipes straightaway and take your Microsoft Exchange management capabilities to another level.
 - Step-by-step instructions on how to write scripts for nearly every aspect of Exchange 2010 including the Client Access Server, Mailbox, and Transport server roles
 - Understand the core concepts of Windows PowerShell 2.0 that will allow you to write sophisticated scripts and one-liners used with the Exchange Management Shell
 - Learn how to write scripts and functions, schedule scripts to run automatically, and generate complex reports
 - Rapidly provision and modify recipients in bulk using simple commands
In Detail
Microsoft Exchange Server 2010 is a complex messaging system with many features. In order to ease the burden on IT administrations, Exchange 2010 supports a management architecture built on Windows PowerShell 2.0, called the Exchange Management Shell. Using this management architecture, administrators can gain more efficiency then ever by automating routing tasks through PowerShell scripts and one-liners that save time and eliminate errors.
This focused practical cookbook will show you how to manage and maintain your Microsoft Exchange Server 2010 environment with Windows PowerShell 2.0 and the Exchange Management Shell. It provides recipes for solving common scripting tasks and problems based on real-world scenarios.
The book is full of practical, immediately usable task-based recipes that will enable you to manage and maintain your Microsoft Exchange 2010 environment with Windows PowerShell 2.0 and the Exchange Management Shell. It starts with key PowerShell concepts that lay the foundation for the scripting examples used throughout the book. You will then move on to common Exchange Management Shell tasks, enabling you to get connected to servers, run reports, and automate tasks. The book then takes you on a deep dive into topics such as Managing Recipients, Managing Mailboxes, Distribution Groups and Address Lists, Mailbox and Public Folder Databases, Client Access Servers, Transport and High Availability, amongst others.
Table of Contents
 1. Microsoft Exchange 2010 PowerShell Cookbook
 1. Microsoft Exchange 2010 PowerShell Cookbook
 2. Credits
 3. About the Author
 4. About the Reviewers
 5. _URL_
 1. Support files, eBooks, discount offers and more
 1. Why subscribe?
 2. Free access for Packt account holders
 3. Instant updates on new Packt books
 6. Preface
 1. What this book covers
 2. What you need for this book
 3. Who this book is for
 4. Conventions
 5. Reader feedback
 6. Customer support
 7. Downloading the example code
 1. Errata
 2. Piracy
 3. Questions
 7. 1. PowerShell Key Concepts
 1. Introduction
 1. Performing some basic steps
 2. Understanding command syntax and parameters
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 4. See also
 3. Using the help system
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 1. Getting help with cmdlets and functions
 4. See also
 4. Understanding the pipeline
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 4. See also
 5. Working with variables and objects
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 1. Variable expansion in strings
 2. Strongly typed variables
 6. Formatting output
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more…
 4. See also
 7. Working with arrays and hash tables
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more…
 4. See also
 8. Looping through items
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more…
 4. See also
 9. Using flow control statements
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 4. See also
 10. Creating custom objects
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 1. Watch out for concurrent pipeline errors
 4. See also
 11. Creating PowerShell functions
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more…
 1. Taking it a step further
 4. See also
 12. Creating and running scripts
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more…
 1. Execution policy
 4. See also
 13. Setting up a profile
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more…
 4. See also
 8. 2. Exchange Management Shell Common Tasks
 1. Introduction
 1. Performing some basic steps
 2. Using command discovery through the Exchange Management Console
 1. Getting ready
 2. How to do it...
 3. How it works...
 4. There's more...
 5. See also
 3. Manually configuring remote PowerShell connections
 1. Getting ready
 2. How to do it...
 3. How it works...
 4. There's more...
 5. See also
 4. Transferring files through remote shell connections
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 4. See also
 5. Dealing with concurrent pipelines in remote PowerShell
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 4. See also
 6. Managing domains or an entire forest using recipient scope
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 7. Using explicit credentials with PowerShell cmdlets
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 8. Exporting reports to text and CSV files
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. T here's more...
 4. See also
 9. Sending SMTP e-mails through PowerShell
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 1. Sending messages with attachments
 2. Sending command output in the body of a message
 4. See also
 10. Scheduling scripts to run at a later time
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 4. See also
 11. Logging shell sessions to a transcript
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 4. See also
 12. Automating tasks with the scripting agent
 1. Getting ready
 2. How to do it...
 3. How it works...
 4. There's more...
 1. Using multiple cmdlets with the OnComplete API
 5. See also
 13. Scripting an Exchange server Installation
 1. Getting ready
 2. How to do it...
 3. How it works...
 4. There's more...
 5. See also
 9. 3. Managing Recipients
 1. Introduction
 1. Performing some basic steps
 2. Adding, modifying, and removing mailboxes
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 1. Setting active directory attributes
 4. See also
 3. Working with contacts
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 4. See also
 4. Managing distribution groups
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 4. See also
 5. Managing resource mailboxes
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 1. Converting mailboxes
 4. See also
 6. Creating recipients in bulk using a CSV file
 1. Getting ready
 2. How to do it...
 3. How it works...
 4. There's more...
 1. Taking it a step further
 5. See also
 7. Working with recipient filters
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more…
 1. Understanding variables in filters
 4. See also
 8. Adding and removing recipient e-mail addresses
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 4. See also
 9. Hiding recipients from address lists
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 4. See also
 10. Configuring recipient moderation
 1. How to do it...
 2. How it works...
 3. There's more...
 4. See also
 11. Configuring message delivery


category, you indicate the minimum log level to send. There are two examples: the first example targets the Functions version 2.x runtime (.NET Core) and the second example is for the version 1.x runtime.
Version 2.x
The v2.x runtime uses the .NET Core logging filter hierarchy.
{
 "logging": {
 "fileLoggingMode": "always",
 "logLevel": {
 "default": "Information",
 "Host.Results": "Error",
 "Function": "Error",
 "Host.Aggregator": "Trace"
 }
 }
}
Version 1.x
{
 "logger": {
 "categoryFilter": {
 "defaultLevel": "Information",
 "categoryLevels": {
 "Host.Results": "Error",
 "Function": "Error",
 "Host.Aggregator": "Trace"
 }
 }
 }
}
This example sets up the following rules:
 - For logs with category Host.Results or Function, send only Error level and above to Application Insights. Logs for Warning level and below are ignored.
 - For logs with category Host.Aggregator, send all logs to Application Insights. The Trace log level is the same as what some loggers call Verbose, but use Trace in the host.json file.
 - For all other logs, send only Information level and above to Application Insights.
The category value in host.json controls logging for all categories that begin with the same value. Host in host.json controls logging for Host.General, Host.Executor, Host.Results, and so on.
If host.json includes multiple categories that start with the same string, the longer ones are matched first. Suppose you want everything from the runtime except Host.Aggregator to log at Error level, but you want Host.Aggregator to log at the Information level:
Version 2.x
{
 "logging": {
 "fileLoggingMode": "always",
 "logLevel": {
 "default": "Information",
 "Host": "Error",
 "Function": "Error",
 "Host.Aggregator": "Information"
 }
 }
}
Version 1.x
{
 "logger": {
 "categoryFilter": {
 "defaultLevel": "Information",
 "categoryLevels": {
 "Host": "Error",
 "Function": "Error",
 "Host.Aggregator": "Information"
 }
 }
 }
}
To suppress all logs for a category, you can use log level None. No logs are written with that category and there's no log level above it.
The following sections describe the main categories of logs that the runtime creates.
Category Host.Results
These logs show as "requests" in Application Insights. They indicate success or failure of a function.
Requests chart
All of these logs are written at Information level. If you filter at Warning or above, you won't see any of this data.
Category Host.Aggregator
These logs provide counts and averages of function invocations over a configurable period of time. The default period is 30 seconds or 1,000 results, whichever comes first.
The logs are available in the customMetrics table in Application Insights. Examples are the number of runs, success rate, and duration.
customMetrics query
All of these logs are written at Information level. If you filter at Warning or above, you won't see any of this data.
Other categories
All logs for categories other than the ones already listed are available in the traces table in Application Insights.
traces query
All logs with categories that begin with Host are written by the Functions runtime. The "Function started" and "Function completed" logs have category Host.Executor. For successful runs, these logs are Information level. Exceptions are logged at Error level. The runtime also creates Warning level logs, for example: queue messages sent to the poison queue.
Logs written by your function code have category Function and can be any log level.
Configure the aggregator
As noted in the previous section, the runtime aggregates data about function executions over a period of time. The default period is 30 seconds or 1,000 runs, whichever comes first. You can configure this setting in the host.json file. Here's an example:
{
 "aggregator": {
 "batchSize": 1000,
 "flushTimeout": "00:00:30"
 }
}
Configure sampling
Application Insights has a sampling feature that can protect you from producing too much telemetry data on completed executions at times of peak load. When the rate of incoming executions exceeds a specified threshold, Application Insights starts to randomly ignore some of the incoming executions. The default setting for maximum number of executions per second is 20 (five in version 1.x). You can configure sampling in host.json. Here's an example:
Version 2.x
{
 "logging": {
 "applicationInsights": {
 "samplingSettings": {
 "isEnabled": true,
 "maxTelemetryItemsPerSecond" : 20
 }
 }
 }
}
Version 1.x
{
 "applicationInsights": {
 "sampling": {
 "isEnabled": true,
 "maxTelemetryItemsPerSecond" : 5
 }
 }
}
Note
Sampling is enabled by default. If you appear to be missing data, you might need to adjust the sampling settings to fit your particular monitoring scenario.
Write logs in C# functions
You can write logs in your function code that appear as traces in Application Insights.
ILogger
Use an ILogger parameter in your functions instead of a TraceWriter parameter. Logs created by using TraceWriter go to Application Insights, but ILogger lets you do structured logging.
With an ILogger object, you call Log<level> extension methods on ILogger to create logs. The following code writes Information logs with category "Function."
public static async Task<HttpResponseMessage> Run(HttpRequestMessage req, ILogger logger)
{
 logger.LogInformation("Request for item with key={itemKey}.", id);
Structured logging
The order of placeholders, not their names, determines which parameters are used in the log message. Suppose you have the following code:
string partitionKey = "partitionKey";
string rowKey = "rowKey";
logger.LogInformation("partitionKey={partitionKey}, rowKey={rowKey}", partitionKey, rowKey);
If you keep the same message string and reverse the order of the parameters, the resulting message text would have the values in the wrong places.
Placeholders are handled this way so that you can do structured logging. Application Insights stores the parameter name-value pairs and the message string. The result is that the message arguments become fields that you can query on.
If your logger method call looks like the previous example, you can query the field customDimensions.prop__rowKey. The prop__ prefix is added to ensure there are no collisions between fields the runtime adds and fields your function code adds.
You can also query on the original message string by referencing the field customDimensions.prop__{OriginalFormat}.
Here's a sample JSON representation of customDimensions data:
{
 customDimensions: {
 "prop__{OriginalFormat}":"C# Queue trigger function processed: {message}",
 "Category":"Function",
 "LogLevel":"Information",
 "prop__message":"c9519cbf-b1e6-4b9b-bf24-cb7d10b1bb89"
 }
}
Custom metrics logging
In C# script functions, you can use the LogMetric extension method on ILogger to create custom metrics in Application Insights. Here's a sample method call:
logger.LogMetric("TestMetric", 1234);
This code is an alternative to calling TrackMetric by using the Application Insights API for .NET.
Write logs in JavaScript functions
In Node.js functions, use context.log to write logs. Structured logging isn't enabled.
context.log('JavaScript HTTP trigger function processed a request.' + context.invocationId);
Custom metrics logging
When you're running on version 1.x of the Functions runtime, Node.js functions can use the context.log.metric method to create custom metrics in Application Insights. This method isn't currently supported in version 2.x. Here's a sample method call:
context.log.metric("TestMetric", 1234);
This code is an alternative to calling trackMetric by using the Node.js SDK for Application Insights.
Log custom telemetry in C# functions
You can use the Microsoft.ApplicationInsights NuGet package to send custom telemetry data to Application Insights. The following C# example uses the custom telemetry API. The example is for a .NET class library, but the Application Insights code is the same for C# script.
Version 2.x
The version 2.x runtime uses newer features in Application Insights to automatically correlate telemetry with the current operation. There's no need to manually set the operation Id, ParentId, or Name fields.
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using


text:
The 400 g-ton centrifuge, designed by Wyle Laboratories and fabricated by Alabama Dynamics, began operation in 1988. It has an asymmetrical rotor arm with a swinging payload platform on one end and a fixed counterweight compartment on the other. The operating radius with the swing platform extended is 18 feet (5.49 m). It can accomodate a payload volume and mass of 4x4x3 ft (1.22x1.22x0.91 m) and 4000 lb (17.8 kN) respectively.
A 900 horse-power (671 kW) Direct Current (DC) drive system powers the centrifuge through a right-angle gearbox with a 6.4 to 1 gear reduction. The centrifuge is capable of accelerating a payload to a maximum of 200g in about 14 minutes. Four large pneumatically actuated disk brakes are used to stop the centrifuge in emergency situations. Other prominent features of the centrifuge include a cooling system along the centrifuge chamber wall, an active in flight balancing system, and a dedicated real-time control and monitoring system.
The data aquisition system for the 400 g-ton centrifuge includes a NI PXI data acquisition system combined with a 12-slot SCXI chassis, with modules suitable for signal conditioning for LVDTs, strain-gauge-type sensors, accelerometers, capacitance-type differential pressure transducers, high speed cameras. Motor control capabilities are also possible to operate brushed electric servomotors, solenoids, and electronic flow valves. Camera acquisition software can be used to track deformation of points or planes. The 400 g-ton centrifuge includes 3 hydraulic rotary union lines which can be used to supply pressurized fluid to the centrifuge platform.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
In today's Programming Praxis exercise, our goal is to find all the words in a dictionary that satisfy two different criteria. Let's get started, shall we?
First we have to find the words that have the five vowels in ascending order. To do this we simply check if the vowels in the words are equal to the five vowels in order.
ascVowels :: String -> Bool ascVowels = (== "aeiou"). filter ('elem' "aeiou")
The second game is to find all the six-letter words whose letters are ascending. All we need to check is check the length and whether the first letter of each pair of subsequent letters comes before the second one.
sixAsc :: Ord b => [b] -> Bool sixAsc s = length s == 6 && and (zipWith (<) s $ tail s)
All that's left to do is to load the dictionary and print the appropriate words:
main :: IO () main = do ws <- fmap lines $ readFile "354984si.ngl" mapM_ putStrLn $ filter ascVowels ws putStrLn "---" mapM_ putStrLn $ filter sixAsc ws

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
England or France (Normandy)
Lead-glazed earthenware, with carved slip decoration
Museum no. C._PHONE_
Most decorative tiles in medieval England had stamped designs filled with clay of contrasting colour. Here, however, a more refined design was produced by covering red earthenware with a light-coloured slip, which was cut away and incised.
The tile, probably from a church at Tring, Hertfordshire, is based on manuscript illustrations. It shows Christ resurrecting three children who had died while playing with him and visiting a well, scenes from his childhood described in the apocryphal gospels.


text:
Related topics: Grammar
indirect speech British English; indirect discourse American English also reported speech [uncountable] technical
a way of reporting what someone said without repeating their exact words. For example, in the sentence 'Julia said that she didn't want to go', the clause 'that she didn't want to go' is indirect speech. Her actual words were 'I don't want to go'.


Automic Workload Automation
 View Only
Variables in the Automation Engine
Jun 26, 2018 05:55 AM
This document describes variables in the Automation Engine. In the product and its documentation, the term variable is used somewhat ambiguously to refer to several very different things. So just to be clear, this document describes variables that take the form &VARIABLE# — the sort of variable that is used to store a temporary value in the context of an executing task. This document does not deal directly with VARA objects, which are something else entirely.
Variable types
There are several different variable types:
 - Script variables: Variables not defined in the Variables of an object, but set using the :SET, :RSET, or :PSET command. This includes also arrays defined using the :DEFINE script command. They may contain only text. These variable values cannot contain multiple lines. (Variables declared as arrays can contain multiple values.)
 - Object variables: Variables defined in the Variables of an object. They can contain multi-line text.
 - Prompt set variables: Variables defined in a Prompt Set of an object, or a :READ statement in the process tab. The type of data they can contain depends on the prompt set element type. Once a prompt set variable has been set, its value is read-only and can no longer be changed.
Script variables, object variables, and prompt set variables appear in purple in the JUI & AWI. E.g., &MyVariable#.
Read-only variables
There are two additional types of variable that are always read-only:
 - Custom attribute variables: Variables defined by custom attributes on the object. These values cannot be modified during task execution.
 - Predefined variables: Standard variables set by the Automation Engine and accessible to all tasks. Predefined variables fall into two categories:
 - System-level: These variables have the same value across the whole client or system, and do not depend on in which object they are accessed. Examples include &$SYSTEM#, &$CLIENT#, and &$PHYS_DATE_YYMMDD#.
 - Object-level: The values of these variables depend on the executable object which which they are accessed, and its current state. Examples include &$NAME#, &$RUNID#, and &HOST#.
In the JUI & AWI, custom attributes variables appear in purple, and predefined variables appear in blue.
Stetting variable values
Variables can be defined at different levels. The level at which a variable is defined determines where the values of these variables can be read. (The Inherit from parent option in workflows and schedules also affects variable inheritance.)
The values of object variables are set in the Variables tab of the corresponding object. These values can be overridden later using the :SET, :RSET, or :PSET command. The values of script variables are set using the same commands.
The level at which the variable value is set depends on the command used. In the example below, the command is run in the pre-process or process tab of UC0.JOB1. The diagram shows the level at which the variable value is set by each command.
hdg7lqj7rwo2.png
 - :SET — The variable is accessible only from the pre-process and process tab of UC0.JOB1.
 - :RSET — The variable is accessible from the whole job UC0.JOB1, including the post-process tab.
 - :PSET — The variable is accessible from the whole workflow UC0.WF1, including any other child tasks that run after UC0.JOB1 has completed (contingent upon inheritance settings).
With nested workflows — when a workflow is running as a child task in a parent workflow — the :PUBLISH scripting command can be used to set a variable at the level of the topmost workflow.
Order of precedence in variable setting
Variables are set in this order, first-to last:
1. In the executable object's Variables & Prompts tab
2. In the parent workflow, if the object is set to inherit variable values from its parent.
3. In the Variables & Prompts tab of the task Properties where the object appears in a workflow.
4. In the job's pre-process or process scripting tabs, via the :SET, :RSET, or :PSET commands.
Overriding variables in workflow task properties
The first time an executable object is added to a workflow, if that executable object has any variables defined in its Variables & Prompts tab, these are copied to the new task in the workflow, along with their values in the object. If these variables have different values set in the Variables & Prompts tab of the workflow (and the child object is set to inherit variable values from its parent), then whether the child task inherits the parent workflow's values or uses its own values depends on whether the value in the task properties has ever been modified. There is no way to see in the JUI or AWI whether the value has ever been modified. However, if you export the workflow to XML, you can see this information in the Mod attribute.
<VALUE state="2">
<Values>
<row ERTUsage="0" Mod="0" Name="&ENV#" Value="DEV"/>
<row ERTUsage="0" Mod="1" Name="&TYPE#" Value="LOCAL"/>
</Values>
<Mode>0</Mode>
</VALUE>
In this workflow task:
 - The &ENV# variable has never been modified in the task properties. It will inherit the value from the parent workflow.
 - The &TYPE# variable has been modified in the task properties. It will use the value set in the task properties.
Reading variable values
Variable values can be read directly in scripting statements by referring to the variable by name, with its leading ampersand.
:SET &var1# = "Hello, world."
:PRINT &var1#
This statement prints the current value of the variable &var1#.
U00020408 Hello, world.
It is not possible to read the value of a variable that has not been set.
:SET &var1# = "Hello, world."
:PRINT &var2#
Attempting to do this results in a syntax error.
U01001308 Variable '&var2#' has not yet been defined.
If you want to be able to avoid such errors, and read the value of a variable whether or not it has already been set, you can accomplish this by inserting a statement that sets the variable to its own current value.
:SET &var1# = "Hello, world."
:SET &var2# = &var2#
:PRINT &var2#
Because the &var2# variable has not been set to anything, this prints a blank U00020408 message:
U00020408
Blank space characters & variable comparison
The Automation Engine stores trailing (and leading) blanks in variable values. However, when performing string comparisons, the AE implicitly removes trailing (but not leading) blanks. For example, the strings "" and " " are treated as equivalent in string comparisons, as as well as the strings "x" and "x ". If you need to distinguish between two strings that differ only in their number of trailing blanks, you have two options:
 1. Get the length of the strings using the STR_LENGTH script function.
 2. Convert the strings to their ASCII hexadecimal equivalents using the HEX script function.
Variable name termination
In the Automation Engine documentation, virtually all variable names mentioned in examples are terminated with a hash symbol (#). E.g., &CLIENT# or &HOST#. Pre-defined variables for system and object attributes are also all terminated with a # symbol. E.g., &$SYSTEM# or &$RUNID#.
At Automic, and among customers too, it is standard practice to terminate AE variable names with a single # character. This is not a hard and fast requirement, but it is a recommended convention. Why? A basic limitation of the Automation Engine: variable names may not be sub-strings of other variable names.
This means that if you define the variable called &APP, you cannot also define a variable called &APP_ID. This is because the former is a substring of the latter. If you try to save an object wherein two such variables are defined, message U01001312 will appear:
U01001312 Variable name 'APP_ID' is not allowed. A variable with the name 'APP' already exists.
Terminating the variable names with a symbol such as # gets around this limitation. A termination character at the end of variable names ensures that the names do not overlap¹. E.g., &APP# is not a substring of &APP_ID#. If you do not terminate variable names, it's just more work to name ensure that names do not overlap. Terminating variable names makes scripting easier, because you do not have to work to prevent variable name overlaps; you must simply ensure name uniqueness.
Any character that is allowed in variable names² may be used as a termination character. It is merely convention to use the # character. For this convention to be most effective, you must follow two rules:
 - Use the same termination character consistently, in all variable names. Again, it is


text:
The 260-year-old institution, established by the Church of England during America's Colonial era, marks the city's birthplace along the Savannah River.
St. Paul's first building was constructed in 1750 at the site of Fort Augusta, a British military outpost.
The present-day building, a Georgian colonial design by renowned Augusta architect H.T.E. Wendell, was completed in 1919, replacing the building lost in the great fire of 1916.
St. Paul's historic graveyard is a must-see for many visitors. Sixty-five tombstones date back to 1783.
Remains of well-known people resting in St. Paul's churchyard include Georgia Gov. George Matthews, who held office in the 18th century; William Few, who signed the U.S. Constitution; and inventor William Longstreet, who developed a steamboat engine nine years before Robert Fulton's Hudson River experiments in New York.


The Great Federic Crusade
Bird... Did we start a war?
 The Merinos Crest, as it is called in the Federation, is often regarded as one of the worst things that could happen in modern days regarding the interspecific relations between Birdkind and Humans. Even though it is often considered as a single war, the Federic Crusade could be more accurately described as a more or less uninterrupted series of conflicts, sometimes only related to one another by the ideologies opposing each other: the human suprematists, often related to extremist forms of the City Anima Cult; and the transentient egalitarians, who fight for the right and recognition of Perrots and other sentient species everywhere.
Historical Significance
 - Over a case of a stolen relic, the Soul Observer of Beyforth, an army obeying to the Merinos Anima Cult attacks the Federation by itself. It promptly gets crushed by the federated forces.
 - This defeat represents a casus belli for a lot ofAnima Churches in the Temperate Band. Cities dominated by the Anima Cult either join forces to directly attack the Federation, or supply the Anima armies with food and weapons.
 - The all-out attack of the Bird federation causes a lot of tensions between bird and human communities in cities. A large schism occurs between Anima Cults that reject the sentience of Perrots and start enslaving them, and Anima Cults that don't. In some areas, bird rights that had been fought for are completely forsaken.
 It was a small trip for a bird, but a giant leap backward for Birdkind.
 - Merinos has become a land of urban warfare. Terror groups led by both birds and Anima cultists are fighting for the districts, the Merring delta watch is in shambles.
 - Over the years, the power balance shifts in favor of the egalitarians. Although it is weakened by the war effort, the Federation manages to survive its continuous assaults. At the same time, numerous local conflicts start in regions populated with defenders of the Anima attackers. Human supremacist groups are forced to spend most of their resources to deal with the local skirmishes. In both the Sheherp plains and the Middish Plains, birds start to organize themselves into independent groups. Joined forces of City and Tribal Birds use guerilla warfare to spread out their oponent armies.
 - 5555 AR represents a tipping point for the war. While it hadn't taken side in the war, the Moving Town of Irr starts to openly defend the Egalitarians. Now supplied with metal weapons, groups of perrots in the Sheherp and Middish plains organize a massive bird exodus toward allied city-states, and form nations that are absolutely capable to directly hold against the opposing religious powers. What is more, several smaller nations are tired of the war, and follow suit to Irr to help the federation.
 - In 5556 AR, a consortium of belligerents from diverse Anima cults gather with representatives of the Great Bird Alliance, and sign a treaty of peace. Once again, Birdkind is recognized as sentient by the Anima cults everywhere, and the Perrot territories on the Temperate Band are declared independent. The Soul Observer is given back to the Anima Cult of Merinos. Anima leaders that still defend human supremacy are arrested, and executed.
 - Conflict Type
 Start Date
 Ending Date
 Conflict Result
 Military and ideologic victory of the Federation
 Anima cultists:
 - 10,000 warrior-monks
 - ~50,000 conscripted soldiers from Merinos and Sheherp city-states
 Light Temple:
 - 16,000 warrior-monks
 Merinian terrorist groups:
 - ~7,000-10,000 guerilleros armed by the Merinos Common Cult and other religious groups.
 Other forces:
 - ~10,000-30,000 mercenaries
 - >50,000 guerilla troops
 Federic armies:
 - 5,500 highly trained professionnal soldiers
 - ~80,000 conscripted Perrot soldiers from the cities and surrounding farms
 Merinian terror groups:
 - ~5,000 guerilleros, Human and Perrots
 Independant guerilla armies:
 - At least 100,000 people, Perrots and Humans.
 Moving town of Irr:
 - No soldiers, but a massive supply of modern arms, armors, and vehicles.
 - ~6,000 Anima warrior monks
 - ~12,500 Guardians of the Circle warrior-monks
 - ~5,000 mercenary troops
 - >100,000 civilians and guerilleros
 - 26,000 Federic soldiers perished
 - 20,000 Federic civilians
 - >50,000 independant fighters
 - >65,000 other civilians
 Destruction of the Federation, increased control on intelligent birds in as much city-states as possible.
 Self-defense, recognition of bird rights all across the Cylinder
 Cover image: by Pouaseuille
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text:
ProNitro® – DLF's super-efficient new pelleted N seed coating
The development of fertiliser seed coatings is a DLF speciality. In our new ProNitro® seed coating, we have given each seed its own 'packed lunch' of nitrogen.
7. 10. 2015
In ProNitro® 15,0 we have added a mixture of slow and fast-release nitrogen plus pelleting material to each batch of seeds. For every 100kg of uncoated seed, the coatings add an extra 54kg in weight of which 10% is nitrogen (15% in the coating).
Adding nitrogen directly to the seed can be as much as four times more efficient than broadcast fertilisation. The nitrogen feeds the seed, not the weed in the ground, and seedling roots do not have to go searching for their nitrogen, the number-one fertiliser for fast establishment.
In Europe-wide trials, ProNitro® seed coating proved to be efficient and cost-effective:
- Saves time and money because sowing and fertilisation are a single operation.
- Better seed-to-soil contact because seeds are heavier.
- Faster and denser growth – up to 30% more plants in DLF trials.
- Fewer weeds during establishment – ProNitro® gives sown seed a competitive advantage.
- Highly efficient use of nitrogen with reduced risk of leaching to ground water and surroundings.
- Increased forage yields.
- Better wear tolerance in turf – up to 30% longer roots in DLF trials.
Tests also showed that the surface treatment does not affect the ability of the seed to flow easily. Dust was also eliminated.
ProNitro® is a unique product with a wide range of uses:
- Sod/turf production: faster establishment means faster production and less Poa annua in end product.
- Forage maintenance: safer overseeding of grassland with faster establishment of new plants in old swards.
- Golf greens and football pitches: easier establishment in low-fertility, sandy soils.
- Lawns: easier sowing of weightier seeds followed by speedier establishment and greening up.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Naming Graphics Image Files
The following discussion applies to the destinations where ODS graphs are created as individual image files (for example, HTML, and LISTING). The names of graphics image files are determined by a base filename, an index counter, and an extension. By default, the base filename is the ODS graph name (see the section Determining Graph Names and Labels). There is an index counter for each base filename. The extension indicates the image file type. The first time a graph object with a given base filename is created, the filename consists only of the base filename and the extension. If a graph with the same base filename is created multiple times, then an index counter is appended to the base filename to avoid overwriting previously created images.
To illustrate, consider the following statements:
proc kde data=bivnormal;
 ods select ContourPlot SurfacePlot;
 bivar x y / plots=contour surface;
run;
If you run this step at the beginning of a SAS session, the two graphics image files created are ContourPlot.png and SurfacePlot.png. If you immediately rerun these statements, then ODS creates the same graphs in different image files named ContourPlot1.png and SurfacePlot1.png. The next time, the image files are named ContourPlot2.png and SurfacePlot2.png. The index starts at zero, and one is added each time the same name is used. Note, however, that when the index is at zero, 0 is not added to the filename.
Resetting the Index Counter
You can specify the RESET=INDEX option in the ODS GRAPHICS statement to reset the index counter. This is useful when you need to have predictable names. It is particularly useful when you are running a SAS program multiple times in the same session. The following statement resets the index:
ods graphics on / reset=index;
The index counter is reinitialized at the beginning of your SAS session or if you specify the RESET=INDEX option in the ODS GRAPHICS statement. Graphics image files with the same name are overwritten.
Specifying Base Filenames
You can specify a base filename for all your graphics image files with the IMAGENAME= option in the ODS GRAPHICS statement as follows:
ods graphics on / imagename="MyName";
You can also specify the RESET=INDEX option as follows:
ods graphics on / reset=index imagename="MyName";
The IMAGENAME= option overrides the default base filename. With the preceding statement, the graphics image files are named MyName, MyName1, MyName2, and so on.
Specifying Image File Types
You can specify the image file type for the LISTING, HTML, or LATEX destinations with the OUTPUTFMT= option in the ODS GRAPHICS statement as follows:
ods graphics on / outputfmts=gif;
For more information, see the section ODS GRAPHICS Statement.
Naming Graphics Image Files with Multiple Destinations
Since the index counter depends only on the base filename, if you specify multiple ODS destinations for your output, then the index counter is increased independently of the destination. For example, the following statements create image files named ContourPlot.png and SurfacePlot.png that correspond to the LISTING destination, and ContourPlot1.png and SurfacePlot1.png that correspond to the HTML destination:
ods listing;
ods html;
ods graphics on / reset;
proc kde data=bivnormal;
 ods select ContourPlot SurfacePlot;
 bivar x y / plots=contour surface;
run;
ods _all_ close;
ods listing;
When you specify one of the destinations in the PRINTER family or the RTF destination, your ODS graphs are embedded in the document, so the index counter is not affected. For example, the following statements create image files ContourPlot.png and SurfacePlot.png for the LISTING destinations, but no image files for the RTF destination:
ods listing;
ods rtf;
ods graphics on / reset;
proc kde data=bivnormal;
 ods select ContourPlot SurfacePlot;
 bivar x y / plots=contour surface;
run;
ods _all_ close;


been used as a skin graft for a number of indications. We conducted this study to evaluate the feasibility of utilising the preputial skin for the management of post-burn contractures of fingers in uncircumcised male children. Materials and Methods: Preputial skin was used for the coverage of released contractures of fingers in 12 patients aged 2-6 years. The aetiology of burns was "Kangri" burn in eight patients and scalding in four patients. Six patients had contracture in two fingers, four patients in one finger, and two patients had contractures in three fingers. Results: None of the patients had graft loss, and all the wounds healed within 2 weeks. All patients had complete release of contractures without any recurrence. Hyperpigmentation of the grafts was observed over a period of time, which was well accepted by the parents. Conclusions: Preputial skin can be used successfully for male children with mild-to-moderate contractures of 2-3 fingers for restoration of the hand function, minimal donor site morbidity. PMID:21713163
 10. [The mallet finger in children and adolescents].
 PubMed
 Schmidt, B; Weinberg, A; Friedrich, H
 2008-06-01
 The "mallet finger" in childhood and adolescence differs from the "mallet finger" in adults because of an open or gradually closing epiphysial plate. Thus, our results of conservative and operative treatment were evaluated particularly in consideration of an open growth plate. We analysed retrospectively the data of all patients who suffered a lesion at the extensor tendon insertion between 1996 and 2005 and were treated at our hospital. The coding was done according to age, sex, localisation, typing by Doyle, therapy and functional outcome. The typing by Doyle was extended through dividing type IV A into A1 (=Aitken I) and A2 (=Aitken II). Depending on extension deficits, the results were evaluated as very good (0 degrees ), medium (<15 degrees) and bad (>15 degrees). 76 patients, 45 boys and 31 girls aged 1 to 17 years (average age: 11.3) were studied. In consideration of the modified typing by Doyle, following distribution arose: type I (n=16), type II (n=14), type III (n=0), type IV A1 (n=17), type IV A2 (n=6), type IV B (n=21) and type IV C (n=2). A total of 50 patients was treated conservatively. Out of 26 operatively treated patients, 4 could be classified as type I, 12 as type II, 1 as type IV A1, 2 as type IV A2, 5 as type IV B, and 2 as type IV C. In 81.5 % of all patients no functional extension deficit was seen at the end of treatment; in patients treated conservatively, the percentage rate was 94 %. 6 patients, who were treated primarily operatively, showed poor functional outcome. 2 of these developed a suture track infection, in 2 cases chondral and osseous damage in the joint existed additionally, in one patient there was a comminuted fracture and in one patient a technical operative problem. Even in adolescence, conservative treatment of types I, IV A1 and A2, as well as IV B injuries is promising. A prerequisite is a consequent splint treatment and strict regular lateral X-ray control of the fracture fragment. At the beginning of treatment, we
 11. Long-finger pollicization for macrodactyly of the thumb and index finger.
 PubMed
 Donohue, Kenneth W; Zlotolow, Dan A; Kozin, Scott H
 2014-01-01
 Pollicization of the long finger is rarely performed, and previously described for treating traumatic thumb and index finger loss. Because the long finger lacks the independence of motion and muscular attachments of the index finger, pollicization of the long finger requires modifications of the technique. We present the case of a 3-year-old girl with progressive macrodactyly of the thumb and index finger associated with a lipofibromatous hamartoma of the median nerve. The involved digits were severely enlarged, stiff, and nonfunctional. The child was treated with first and second ray resection followed by long-finger pollicization. Surgical pearls and pitfalls are discussed. PMID:24919138
 12. From viscous fingering to bulk elastic fingering in soft materials
 NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
 Saintyves, Baudouin; Biggins, John; Wei, Zhiyan; Mora, Serge; Dauchot, Olivier; Mahadevan, L.; Bouchaud, Elisabeth
 2014-03-01
 Systematic experiments have been performed in purely elastic polyacrylamide gels in Hele-Shaw cells. We have shown that a bulk fingering instability arises in the highly deformable confined elastomers. It shares some similarities with the famous Saffman-Taylor instability, but a systematic study shows that surface tension is not relevant. This instability is sub-critical, with a clear hysteretic behavior. Our experimental observations have been compared very favorably to theoretical and finite element simulations results. In particular, the instability wavelength and the critical front advance have been shown to be proportional to the distance between the two glass plates constituting the cell. We have also shown that in Maxwell viscoelastic fluids, one crosses over continuously from a viscous to an elastic fingering instability.
 13. Mechanical model of a single tendon finger
 NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
 Rossi, Cesare; Savino, Sergio
 2013-10-01
 The mechanical model of a single tendon three phalanxes finger is presented. By means of the model both kinematic and dynamical behavior of the finger itself can be studied. This finger is a part of a more complex mechanical system that consists in a four finger grasping device for robots or in a five finger human hand prosthesis. A first prototype has been realized in our department in order to verify the real behavior of the model. Some results of both kinematic and dynamical behavior are presented.
 14. Impact of Finger Type in Fingerprint Authentication
 NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
 Gafurov, Davrondzhon; Bours, Patrick; Yang, Bian; Busch, Christoph
 Nowadays fingerprint verification system is the most widespread and accepted biometric technology that explores various features of the human fingers for this purpose. In general, every normal person has 10 fingers with different size. Although it is claimed that recognition performance with little fingers can be less accurate compared to other finger types, to our best knowledge, this has not been investigated yet. This paper presents our study on the topic of influence of the finger type into fingerprint recognition performance. For analysis we employ two fingerprint verification software packages (one public and one commercial). We conduct test on GUC100 multi sensor fingerprint database which contains fingerprint images of all 10 fingers from 100 subjects. Our analysis indeed confirms that performance with small fingers is less accurate than performance with the others fingers of the hand. It also appears that best performance is being obtained with thumb or index fingers. For example, performance deterioration from the best finger (i.e. index or thumb) to the worst fingers (i.e. small ones) can be in the range of 184%-1352%.
 15. Does finger sense predict addition performance?
 PubMed
 Newman, Sharlene D
 2016-05-01
 The impact of fingers on numerical and mathematical cognition has received a great deal of attention recently. However, the precise role that fingers play in numerical cognition is unknown. The current study explores the relationship between finger sense, arithmetic and general cognitive ability. Seventy-six children between the ages of 5 and 12 participated in the study. The results of stepwise multiple regression analyses demonstrated that while general cognitive ability including language processing was a predictor of addition performance, finger sense was not. The impact of age on the relationship between finger sense, and addition was further examined. The participants were separated into two groups based on age. The results showed that finger gnosia score impacted addition performance in the older group but not the younger group. These results appear to support the hypothesis that fingers provide a scaffold for calculation and that if that scaffold is not properly built, it has continued differential consequences to mathematical cognition. PMID:26993292
 16. Surgical Repair with External Fixation of Epiphyseal Fractures of the Proximal Phalanges of Three Fingers: A Case Report.
 PubMed
 Morisawa, Yasushi; Takayama, Shinichiro; Sato, Kazuki
 2015-10-01
 A 13-year-old girl sustained epiphyseal fractures of the proximal phalanges of the left index, middle, and ring fingers. Though manual reduction of the 3 fingers was possible, it was difficult to maintain the reduction due to severe instability of the middle and ring fingers, and closed reduction with external fixation was performed. At 4 years post-injury, the patient had no impairment of daily activities. The use of external fixation (1) causes no injury to the epiphyseal cartilage, (2) enables accurate reduction and maintenance of reduction, (3) is technically easier than pinning, (4) enables earlier range of motion (ROM) exercises of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of the externally fixated and other fingers, and (5) allows repeated


text:
Chemistry--unit 9: electrons in atoms test review 39 _____the speed of light is a constant that can be obtained by dividing the frequency of light by its wavelength. Another phase commonly encountered in the study of chemistry is the atoms will share valence electrons in such a way as to light, kinetic energy) is. From a general summary to chapter summaries to explanations of famous quotes, the sparknotes atomic structure study guide has everything you need to ace quizzes. Chemistry study notes - electrons and light essay by thekingandqueen chemistry study notes - electrons and light (2009 more chemistry essays. Chemistry chapter 5 notes 51 – light and quantized o spectroscopy is the study of the interaction of matter chemistry chapter 5 outline and notes - glenco.
Homework help - post homework questions, assignments & papers get answers from premium tutors 24/7. Chemistry: atom and electrons valence electrons essay chemistry notes – 2013 – text book chapter 6 periodic table: a table of the chemical elements arranged in. Providing study notes biology and chemistry tips and notes for english which of the following ions has the same number of electrons as a krypton atom.
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Study planner past papers for teachers home a level and ib chemistry light and electrons light and electrons light and electrons energy levels. Student study guide for 8th grade chemistry light given off electrons have a negative charge and have a mass of 1/1840 that of a neutron or proton. Introduction to waves why don't the electrons simply fall into the nucleus and waves which you will learn more about in general chemistry light waves are.


; Exact Aligner - (c) 2009 Dr. Volker Tries ; _EMAIL_ ; ; v. 0.1_alpha 2009/10/01 ; ; ; This is the Exact Aligner TinySCHEME script for GIMP ; for overlaying two pictures by clicking on the same ; 2 points in each picture. ; ; How to use this tool: ; ; -1) Copy the script into the script folder of Gimp ; In my installation it is in ; D:\Programme\GIMP-2.0\share\gimp\2.0\scripts ; 0) Now start GIMP (you have to start GIMP AFTER you copied the script! ; 1) Open 2 pictures. ; 2) In one picture do "select all" (CTRL-a) and copy (CTRL-c). ; 3) Click on the other picture an paste the copied picture ; as a new layer (CTRL-v) into it. ; 4) Close the first picture. We don't need it any more. Otherwise it only will disturb our script. ; 5) Set transparency of the layer to 50% (slide bar in the upper part ; of the layer manager). If you don't see the layer manager, just press CTRL-l. ; 6) Select the path tool in the tool box. ; 7) Now first click 2 points in the first picture (background layer) ; and then the same two points in the second picture (second layer) ; You should see both pictures in a transparent way. You have to stroke the 4 point ; consecutively to form one single path! Point 1 and 2 show the alignment marks for ; picture 1 and point 3 and 4 are the alignment marks for picture 2. ; Point 3 will be schifted to point 1 and point 4 to point 2. ; Furthermore a derotation and a rescaleing is done if necessery. ; 8) We are almost done! Now choos the script from the menu bar ; under "/Tries Tools/Exact Aligner". That's it. ; ; ; ; If you encounter error messages, you ; - probably didn't close the first picture or ; - haven't choosen the 4 reference points ; before calling the script. ; ; ***** IMPORTANT ******* ; ; This script is supposed to be very buggy! ; two days ago I didn't know about this TinyScheme stuff and today the ; script works fine for me. ; If you have any recommendations or even bug reports, please contact me ; under my email address shown above. ; In the meantime enjoy this script! ; ; * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ; ; This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify ; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by ; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or ; (at your option) any later version. ; ; This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, ; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of ; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the ; GNU General Public License for more details. ; ; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License ; along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software ; Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; (define (script-fu-exact-overlay ) ; this is the code... (let* ( ; define our local variables. We need the "*" after let to have TinySCHEME ; declare the variables exactly this order. ; here is the first images object in the program... (theImageID1 (aref (cadr (gimp-image-list)) 0)) ;here is the first vectors object from the first images object... (theVectorID1 (car (gimp-image-get-active-vectors theImageID1))) ;here is the first strokes object in the first vectors object... (theStrokeID1 (aref (cadr (gimp-vectors-get-strokes theVectorID1)) 0)) ; First lets find out the points of the polygon you just created with the path tool in GIMP. ; The first 2 points (first pair) are the reference points in picture of layer1, ; the second pair are the same points, but now in picture of layer2 ;define point1... (theP1_x (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 0)) (theP1_y (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 1)) ;define point2... (theP2_x (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 6)) (theP2_y (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 7)) ;define point3... (theP3_x (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 12)) (theP3_y (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 13)) ;define point4... (theP4_x (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 18)) (theP4_y (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 19)) ; Now let's do some simple math to get ; - rotation angle (camera was rotated between two shots) ; - displacement (for translation or offset. e.g., by pointing the camera to a different center of image) ; - rescaling (in case the the viewing angle ; has changed from picture 1 to picture 2., e.g., by choosing another focal leth or chaning the distance to the photographic object) ; Dx1, Dx2, Dy1, Dy2... (theDx1 (- theP2_x theP1_x)) (theDy1 (- theP2_y theP1_y)) (theDx2 (- theP4_x theP3_x)) (theDy2 (- theP4_y theP3_y)) ; the angle between the two lines. i.e., the angle layer2 must be clockwise rotatet ; in order to overlap with layer1... (theAngle (- (atan (/ theDy1 theDx1) ) (atan (/ theDy2 theDx2)))) ;the scale factors layer2 must be mulitplied by in order to fit onto layer1 ; this is simply the ratio of the two line lenths from the path we created with the 4 points ; For distinct x and y scale factors we need to have another point. ; But I don't need this so I didn't implement it yet. (theScaleX (/ (sqrt (+ (* theDx1 theDx1) (* theDy1 theDy1))) (sqrt (+ (* theDx2 theDx2) (* theDy2 theDy2))) ) ) (theScaleY (/ theDy1 theDy2)) ; we need more then 2 points to calculate seperate scale factors for x and y axis if we also want de-rotation!!! (set! theScaleY (theScaleX)) ; this is for convenience and future use!! ; the last info we need is the active drawable of the image (theActiveDrawableID (car (gimp-image-get-active-drawable theImageID1))) ) ; end of variable definition -------------------------------- ; now we can make the transformation: (gimp-context-push) ; --------- TRANSFORMATION ---------------------- ; we do the transformation in one function call...... (gimp-drawable-transform-2d theActiveDrawableID theP3_x theP3_y theScaleX theScaleX theAngle theP1_x theP1_y 0 0 TRUE 1 1) (gimp-displays-flush) (gimp-context-pop) ) ; end of local declaration ) ;Now we want to register this stuff... (script-fu-register "script-fu-exact-overlay" _"/Tries-Tools/Exact Aligner" "Exact projection of 2 images in 2 layers" "Dr. Volker Tries" "(c) 2009, Dr. Volker Tries - _EMAIL_" "Sep 30, 2009" "" )


text:
Implementing Automation for Cisco Data Center Solutions (CPLL-DCAUI-V1)
The Implementing Automation for Cisco Data Center Solutions (DCAUI) v1.0 course teaches you how to implement Cisco Data Center automated solutions including programming concepts, orchestration, and automation tools.
Through a combination of lessons and hands-on practice, you will manage the tools and learn the benefits of programmability and automation in the Cisco-powered data center. You will examine Cisco Application Centric Infrastructure (Cisco ACI®), software-defined networking (SDN) for data center and cloud networks, Cisco Nexus® (Cisco NX-OS) platforms for device-centric automation, and Cisco Unified Computing System (Cisco UCS®) for data center compute.
This course helps you prepare for the Automating Cisco Data Center Solutions (300-635 DCAUTO) certification exam.
Associated Certifications: CCNP Data Center, Cisco Certified DevNet Professional
Associated Exam: 300-635 DCAUTO
After taking this course, you should be able to:
- Leverage the tools and APIs to automate Cisco ACI powered data centers.
- Demonstrate workflows (configuration, verification, healthchecking, monitoring) using Python, Ansible, and Postman.
- Leverage the various models and APIs of the Cisco Nexus OS platform to perform day 0 operations, improve troubleshooting methodologies with custom tools, augment the CLI using scripts, and integrate various workflows using Ansible and Python.
- Describe the paradigm shift of Model Driven Telemetry and understand the building blocks of a working solution.
- Describe the Cisco Data Center compute solutions can be managed and automated using API centric tooling, by using the Python SDK, PowerTool, and Ansible modules to implement various workflows on Cisco UCS, Cisco IMC, Cisco UCS Manager, Cisco UCS Director, and Cisco Intersight.
This course is designed for network and software engineers who hold the following job roles:
- Network engineer
- Systems engineer
- Wireless engineer
- Consulting systems engineer
- Technical solutions architect
- Network administrator
- Wireless design engineer
- Network manager
- Site reliability engineer
- Deployment engineer
- Sales engineer
- Account manager
Before taking this course, you should have the following knowledge and skills:
- Basic programming language concepts
- Basic understanding of virtualization and VMware
- Ability to use Linux and command line interface (CLI) tools, such as Secure Shell (SSH) and bash
- CCNP-level data center knowledge
- Foundational understanding of Cisco ACI
The following Cisco courses can help you gain the knowledge you need to prepare for this course:
- Implementing and Administering Cisco Solutions (CCNA)
- Introducing Automation for Cisco Solutions (CSAU)
- Implementing and Operating Cisco Data Center Core Technologies (DCCOR)
- Programming Use Cases for Cisco Digital Network Architecture (DNAPUC)
- Introducing Cisco Network Programmability (NPICNP)


Understanding Constants In An Experiment
Understand what are constants in an experiment, why they are important, characteristics of constant and how to use constants in experiments.
Constants In An Experiment
The term 'constant' is used to refer to a particular quantity which is not intended to alter or change.
What are Constants?
Amongst the other fields, constants are also used in during various situations of an experiment. Such constants which are implemented in experiments are referred to as experimental constants.
Like other constants, experimental constants are also measurable. However, they cannot be changed in the due course of the experiment or in-between them.
There are various values which are considered as constants during experiments.
Constituents of natural forces such as the speed of light or the atomic weight of gold are considered as experimental constants.
Additionally, there are various properties which are considered to be experimental constants. The prime example of this is the boiling point of water.
The boiling point of water depends may alter depending on the altitude and the decrease in acceleration due to gravity.
However, experiments involving water in a single location consider its boiling point as constants.
The Need for Constants
There are various reasons why we need to implement constants within our experiments. However, they all stem out from the same characteristic, that is duplication of results or consistency in results.
Whenever we perform any experiment, we do so carefully ensuring that the process can be duplicated again as required.
If we involved a plethora of variables it would that we would receive a ton of variable results as well. This would completely defeat the purpose of experimenting.
Factors Considered as Constant in an Experiment
When we are on a lookout for constants, we essentially look for such factors which are considered to be similar in all states or conditions.
Irrespective of the time or the nature of this aforementioned factor, it will never change its state.
This stems out from the fact that a constant never changes its state in the duration of an experiment.
Understanding a constant becomes easier when one contrasts the constant factor with a mathematical constant.
In the field of mathematics, a constant refers to a particular factor which has a fixed numerical value.
In the same way, a constant in an experiment does not change its state and is universally equal all-around.
The only situation in which a mathematical constant and an experimental constant differ is that a mathematical constant does not involve any physical measurement.
Examples of Constants in Experiments
When you consider the factors used for determining an experimental constant, there are various constants that you might come across.
A few good examples of experimental constants include:
 - The acceleration due to gravity
 - Gravitational constant
 - Avogadro's constant
 - The Gas constant
 - Boltzmann's constant
 - The Stefan-Boltzmann constant
 - Elementary charge
 - Electron rest mass
 - Proton rest mass
 - Unified atomic mass unit
 - Solar constant, and much more.
Apart from these constants, there are various other factors which are also considered as constants like Planck's constant, the permittivity of free space, etc.
In essence, if you want to determine whether or not a particular factor is considered as a constant, you might want to think about such factors which contain a form of measurement that is universal.
Constants In A Scientific Method
The term scientific method refers to an approach seeking a particular form of knowledge involving the formulation of a hypothesis or testing for proving its validity.
More often than not, scientific methods require intense experimentation for proving their validity. And such experiments often involve constants.
You might ask the purpose of constants in scientific methods. Here's why we need them.
Whenever you need to perform experiments, you need to test through various factors which often involve a lot of measurable change.
These changes occur due to the presence of the dependent variable. As a result, the changes occurring allude to the dependent variable.
To understand such changes, the experimenters often introduce an independent variable for creating changes in the dependent variables.
However, there should always be only a single independent variable in such experiments.
Even other factors such as the presence of other variables are included in the form of controlled variables. And this is known as a constant in a scientific method.
Controls or Controlled Variables
Now, when you encounter the term 'variable', you might refer to such factors which are constantly found to be changing during an experiment. And you are right as well.
For the definition of a variable, states that any factor, trait, or condition which is found to exist in different amounts or types is a variable.
As a result, it would be correct to not refer to them as constants, right? Well, not exactly.
There are various situations in which variables are considered as constants. There are certain experiments in which a person performing the experiments considers certain variables in a constant state.
Such variables are referred to as controlled variables. As a result of this, the experimenter can attain more clarity in isolating the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variables.
Moreover, by considering certain variables as constants, experimenters are also able to achieve constants results whenever they experiment.
The Prime Example of Controlled Variables
In the due course of an experiment, there are various variables which an experimenter considers to be constant.
The prime example of such controlled variables is the boiling point of water.
As aforementioned in the introductory paragraph, the boiling point of water variably changes when factors such as altitude and the acceleration due to gravity are involved in the experiment.
In spite of this, the temperature is considered constant as it allows the experimenter to derive constant results for a particular location or space.
Other Examples of Controlled Variables
Apart from the boiling point of water, there are various other examples which beautifully explain the concept of controlled variables within experiments.
A few of these include:
 - The amount of fertilizer which a plant uses for the crop outgrowth.
 - The type of soil is used for planting a particular type of plant.
 - The amount of time which is spent by children in trying to learn a new concept.
 - The amount of sunlight which a plant uses for its growth.
In spite of these examples, there are cases in which you might feel confused regarding controlled variables.
In simple terms, a controlled variable is referred to as determiners which greatly influence the result.
Usually, experimenters are more focused on understanding whether or not control variables have any significant effects on results.
With the help of control variables, they can do the same while achieving the desired results or outcomes in a particular experiment.
The Control Group
The term 'control group' essentially refers to a particular standard used for making comparisons in a particular experiment.
Whenever an experimenter stages an experiment, he or she designs it, particularly to include a control group and one or more experimental groups.
In an ideal sense, both the experimental groups and the control groups are similar.
However, the dissimilarity arises between these groups when the experimental group is subjected to various treatments which are believed to affect the outcome of the treatment.
Conversely, the control group isn't subjected to any form of treatment or intervention which could affect the outcomes arising from the treatment.
The Need For A Control Group
When you think about the involvement of a control group within the confinements of an experiment, you might think about the need which gives birth to such a need.
The primary reason why we need a control group is for the experimenters to easily be able to conclude a particular study.
It is only with the help of a control group that experimenters can determine whether or not a particular experiment can have a significant effect on the experimental group that can be recorded.
Moreover, the inclusion of a constant group within an experiment also ensures that the possibilities of making errors during the derivation of results are vastly minimized.
The Differences Between Constants and Controls
People often get confused with the different concepts that are involved with constants and controlled variables.
This is not only because they both begin with the same alphabet and that they sound the same, but it is also due to the similarity in their definitions.
However, you can be assured that these concepts don't define the same things.
When we talk about constants, we essentially talk about the factors that are non-varying.
These factors are universally fixed and defined so that they are unable to start any changes that occur at the time of the results.
However, the purpose of control or a controlled variable isn't the same.
Unlike a constant, a control or controlled variable is set aside to ignore the occurrence of any changes in the result that rise from the independent variable.
This ensures that the experimenter can view the experiment from an objective point of view.
When experimenters implement an experimental method, they do so understandingly which variables are controls and which of them are constants.
It is only by differentiating the controls and the constants that they can understand the changes occurring in the dependent variable.
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Samovars are a cultural symbol in Russia, as getting together and drinking tea around these ornate devices is part of Russian tradition. References to samovars are indeed commonly found both in Russian literature, like in Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment, and Russian art, like in Malevich's painting "Samovar".
A big samovar in Moscow's Red Square during Christmas Season
But what is a samovar? The word literally means "self-boiler", which is a direct hint at its function: to heat water, usually for tea.
How does it work? The largest part holds the water, which gets heated through a vertical pipe inside the body of the samovar and is then released through a spout. Originally, samovars functioned with wood or charcoal, while the modern ones use electricity. They are normally made of some type of metal (iron, copper, tin, even silver) and go from plain to heavily decorated kinds.
While the origins of the samovar are unclear and some claim it as a Russian invention, it was most likely imported from Persia around the 18th century and quickly gained popularity among the heavily tea-drinking population, which soon began to decorate it and transform it into an element of interior decor.
A curious fact is that people in Russia actually believed that the samovar has a soul, and it was common to say "самовар поёт", "the samovar is singing", which was based on the peculiar sounds produced by the body of the device as the water is boiled inside it.
Samovars are actually so typical in Russia that even trains have one at the end of every carriage. On trans-siberian trains, the samovar is actually some sort of social gathering place, where passengers meet to make tea, coffee or instant meals. Also, when traveling for days on a train, the samovar can be a real life-saver, both as a means to kill the time and meet people, and as a way to actually feed yourself or enjoy a hot drink in the morning. Well at least that's how we survived!
The samovar on the carriage of a Russian train
"You see, you are made for each other! […] You'll come to it in the end! […] There's an attraction here—here you have the end of the world, an anchorage, a quiet haven, the navel of the earth, the three fishes that are the foundation of the world, the essence of pancakes, of savory fish-pies, of the evening samovar, of soft sighs and warm shawls, and hot stoves to sleep on—as snug as though you were dead, and yet you're alive—the advantages of both at once!" – Fyodor Dostoevsky, Crime and Punishment, part III, chapter 1.
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text:
Interested in teaching Jewish Peoplehood basics?
An amazing resource for teaching Jewish Peoplehood.
Our friends at the The Center for Jewish Peoplehood Education worked with us to create this collection of anamated shorts for teaching Jewish peoplehood basics. The videos cover some of the core issues Jewish people wrestle with today including:
- Mutual Responsibility
- Collective Belonging
- Universalism vs. Particularism
- Israel through the Peoplehood lens
- Judaism as a Civilization
- The Challenge of Pluralism and Diversity to Jewish Peoplehood
Please watch these animated shorts and use them in the classroom to inspire thought, conversation and debate.
To download the free educational resources, curriculum, classroom plans and teaching tools that corespond to each of these animated videos, please visit _URL_


Variable MN11 : Weight at birth
Type: Continuous
Format: numeric
Width: 6
Decimal(s): 3
Range: 0-9.999
Valid case(s): 1773 (1708.3)
Invalid: 12946 (12849.5)
Minimum: 0
Maximum: 10
File: wm
Source of information
The eligible woman selected for interview
Value Category Cases Weighted
9.998 DK 1 1 100.0%
9.999 Missing 0 0 0.0%
Literal question
How much did (name) weigh?
Record weight from health card, if available.
Interviewer instructions
Ask the woman to show you her (or the child's) health card, if available. Record the birthweight in kilograms. If the weight is 'From card' or is recorded on another written document (such as a vaccination card, antenatal card or birth certificate), circle '1' and record the weight in the corresponding space. If the birthweight is reported by the mother, but no card or document is available, circle '2' for 'From recall' and record the weight in the corresponding space. Fill in the weight only once. Use zeros to fill in all digits if necessary. For example, if the woman tells you that the baby was 3.5 kilograms at birth; enter the information as '3.500'. Always record the birthweight from the card when possible.
If there is no card, and the mother cannot remember the exact weight, record her best estimate. Only circle '99998' for 'DK' if she absolutely cannot remember even the approximate weight.


4810000000000003'\ Second,
 150213.20944801893'}\)], "Output"]
}, Open ]],
Cell["\<\
HoldAllComplete cuts down the time a bit, but Plus@@ still much \
slower. Let's examine what happens with Trace:\
\>", "Text"],
Cell[CellGroupData[{
Cell[BoxData[
 \(Trace[Plus @@ HoldAllComplete[1, 2, 3]]\)], "Input"],
Cell[BoxData[
 FormBox[
 RowBox[{"{",
 RowBox[{
 TagBox[\(Plus @@ HoldAllComplete[1, 2, 3]\),
 HoldForm], ",",
 TagBox[\(1 + 2 + 3\),
 HoldForm], ",",
 TagBox["6",
 HoldForm]}], "}"}], TraditionalForm]], "Output"]
}, Open ]],
Cell["\<\
Perhaps the time is taken forming the text expression \"1+2+3\". I \
suppose that the built-in function Tr dispenses with this step.\
\>", "Text"]
},
FrontEndVersion->"4.1 for Microsoft Windows",
ScreenRectangle->{{0, 1280}, {0, 979}},
WindowSize->{829, 740},
WindowMargins->{{0, Automatic}, {Automatic, 0}}
]
Tom
 - Prev by Date: Getting stylized text with a palette button
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Workshop: Local Sources
[Collected Material Dwelling #002], Monterrey, México 2005
Plastic bottles are discarded all over the city of Monterrey and constitute an unused material. [Collecting System] was set up and now gathers bottles. Some were used to construct [Collected Material Dwelling #002].
The economy in the area, where [Collecting System] is set up, is based on self-employment and from collecting unused materials. These materials could be used for building temporary dwellings. The bottles also have an economic value and can be sold.
[Collected Material Dwelling #002] is set up in a peripheral zone of the city on occupied land. This land is now in the process of being brought under new regulations.
People gathered to collect bottles made out of the plastic type PET. The PET plastic is common used in production of bottles for soft drinks. These bottles are not included in the deposit system, as glass bottles are.
Laws in México for ownership to land has some "holes", which is being used as substitute for getting ownership to land. After occupation of land for five to ten years, ownership can be proclaimed.
In many areas private companies have taken over the formal -and mainly the informal urban planning and decides the aesthetics in new neighborhoods. Leaving a percentage of space for common areas, for examples roads for connecting to the surroundings.
The economy is lead by concrete, glass, and steel, which is related to the local sources. The use of these materials is resulting in a major changing of the landscape.
People gathered in a workshop to prepare the leftover materials for construction. Material was classified by shape and size. Calculations were made to determine technical issues like width, resistance, and for the best additional methods to be used to make a low-cost construction. This part of the process was informed by the collected experience of different people. Some of them joined the workshop.
Material is classified by shape, and size afterwards calculations will helps to determinate technical issues like width, resistance, etc., and for the best method to be used in a construction. For instance, small bottles make more resistance structures using a method like sew them together making a net with steel wire. Big bottles are better to make filled with sifted sand or water to make it more stable wall, it result a material similar to concrete in strength and resistance, but in a low cost and according to use a collecting system.
Plastic bottles are sewed together into construction units. It has wires in both a vertical and a horizontal direction. This makes the bottles fixed in eight positions and more stable.
Three different methods for give stability/strength to the construction:
1. Bottles with water thigh with steel wire.
2. Bottles filled with compressed sand, gives strength similar to concrete, are more stable also helps for thermal aim.
3. Bottles and concrete, wrap with a steel net, walls can be covered with concrete and obtain a look like a regular house. This also can be useful for seal off the rain and thermal aim.
4. Drawing of a prototype for a 6 sizes construction.
The construction units are stacked on top of each other and tighten to the pillars. Each side can easily be replaced for redesigning the inner space. More modules can be added for expansion. The construction is six-sided to give it the possibility to expand in many directions.
Woven strings of bottles - construction units - are stacked on top of each other and tighten to the pillars.
The dwelling has six sides. Each side can easily be replaced for redesigning the inner space. More modules can be added for expansion.
By using the [Collecting System] the material cost of the dwelling represent approximately ten times less value in relation to an ordinary dwelling made out of concrete.
The construction is covered with concrete. The main reason is to use the local aesthetic for permanent dwellings as camouflage to secure the dwelling for damage and demolition.
[Learning Poster #003 > Collected Material Dwelling]
Archive: [Unused Materials], Monterrey, México 2004
[PET-Bottle Dwelling with Water Collecting Roof, Drawing]
[Collected Material Dwelling, #003], US 2005


text:
Date of Award
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Jaynt Kale - Chair
This paper examines the impact of CEO turnover from an internal capital allocation perspective. We test whether new CEOs make different divisional investment decisions than their predecessors, and if yes, how would this difference affect firm performance. We find that segment investments respond to factors, such as segment investment opportunity, segment cash flow, and other segments' cash flows, differently after CEO turnover. Evidence also indicates that new CEOs adjust the segments' previous over-investment /under-investment status to match industry average investment level, and they adjust the relative investment preference among divisions. These findings support the argument that different CEOs have their own set of skills and incentives, which directly affect their internal capital allocation decisions after they take over the office. We also examine the affiliation relationship between certain divisions and new CEOs, and find that new CEOs do not make capital allocation in favor their affiliated divisions. Furthermore, the analyses on firm-level internal capital allocation sensitivity do not support the literature about positive relationship between firm performance and the "Q-sensitivity". But, our analyses do find a positive and robust relationship between changes in firm performance and changes in the "cash flow-sensitivity". This suggests that new CEOs making internal capital allocation in favor of their "cash cow" segments are more likely to improve firm performance after CEO turnover.
Li, Qian, "CEO Turnover and Divisional Investment." Dissertation, Georgia State University, 2005.


text:
The community garden at St. John Vianney Catholic Church in Sedona was begun as a small "Three Sisters Garden" in 2009. Gardens for Humanity met with a group of parishioners at the end of summer with the goal of starting the garden project on Sedona "Mitzvah (Good Deed) Day, " an afternoon of community service to be held November 15. St. John Vianney was known for some beautiful floral gardens, but they wanted to start a vegetable garden.
On Mitzvah Day over thirty volunteers from the community divided into five teams, made a pathway to the garden site, laid water pipe, hauled fill dirt, created a garden border with stones and layered the dirt with leaves to create a "lasagna" bed that would overwinter to create soil for late spring planting.
From this beginning the garden was fenced, the bed turned and on the following April 24 the garden dedicated with a blessing by Fr. JC and a reading of the words of St. Francis. Each season since the "Three Sisters" (Corn, squash, beans) were planted the garden expanded and grew with new fence, beds and many gardeners. There are now more than twenty garden plots in the garden and four composting bins. This garden is a learning garden for many and has become an integral part of the St. John Vianney community.


Product Information
The power of a learning supply chain
The power of a learning supply chain
The shift to ecommerce and faster, cheaper delivery has meant exponential growth in orders and shipments. The added complexity in the supply chain is now too much for humans to make optimized decisions. Machine learning can take these vast amounts of data and turn them into improved, end-to-end operations.
Read to find out the answers to:
 - What does artificial intelligence and machine learning really mean?
 - How do the machines learn?
 - How do you build learning machines to solve a supply chain problem?
 - Why are learning machines such a big opportunity for the supply chain?
Deliver On Your Promise to Customers


Skip to content
Manage Lightrun Java agent tags
Tagging enables you to group agents together by using a meaningful name, typically based on common functionality. For example, you can use tags to identify the location and purpose of each agent: Database servers, Staging, and so forth. Additionally, you can apply to each agent multiple tags in any combination.
By applying multiple tags, you can bind actions to an agent before the agent has been launched, and you can apply actions to applications across different sectors. Once an action is bound to a tag, it is implicitly added to all of the agents that possess that tag.
Example
 - Define a tag in the metadata file named "Integration".
 - Add that tag to relevant agents where you're running your application for integration testing.
 - Set integration tests to execute with the Integration tag, in order to debug an integration test failure.
 - List actions by the Integration tag from the CLI with java -jar lightrunc.jar list-actions tag:Integration.
 The output lists all of your agents that inserted actions for integration testing.
Out-of-the-box, agents have a single Production tag. You can:
To create and add a tag to an agent
 1. From the relevant server where the agent is installed, go to the agent.metadata.json file and open it.
 2. Insert tag names within the tags object (which should be nested in the registration object).
 {
 "registration": {
 "tags": [
 {
 "name": "Tag1"
 },
 {
 "name": "Tag2"
 },
 {
 "name": "Tag3"
 }
 ]
 }
 }

 For example, the following JSON applies the tags Production, Main, and East US to the relevant agent.
 {
 "registration": {
 "displayName": "<DISPLAY_NAME>",
 "tags": [
 {
 "name": "Production"
 },
 {
 "name": "Main"
 },
 {
 "name": "East US"
 }
 ]
 }
 }

 Alternatively, tags can be applied using a command line argument as part of the command you use to run the agent with your application.
 Multiple tags can be specified by separating them with commas. For example, you can set them like this:
 java -Dlightrun.registration.tags=myTag1,myTag2,myOtherTag

 3. Save the changes and close the file.
 4. Restart the application.
 Important
 Changes to this file aren't detected until the application is restarted.
To view all tag details from the Management Portal
Log in to your Lightrun account and navigate to Entities->Tags.
The Tags screen loads, appearing similar to the example below.
Manage tags
The details displayed in the Tags screen are as follows:
Column Description
Name The tag name
Actions A list of actions currently attached to this tag.
Agents A list of agents with which this tag has been associated.
To view tags from the CLI
 1. Install the Lightrun CLI tool
 2. Run the command java -jar lightrunc.jar list-tags:
 List agents
Info
See the CLI reference for more information.
Last update: May 20, 2024


Advertisement
Forensic Toxicology
, 26:23 | Cite as
Determination of fluoride in human whole blood and urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
 - Shigetoshi Kage
 - Keiko Kudo
 - Naoki Nishida
 - Hideaki Ikeda
 - Naofumi Yoshioka
 - Noriaki IkedaEmail author
Short Communication
Abstract
We developed a simple and sensitive method for determination of fluoride in human whole blood and urine using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Fluoride was alkylated with pentafluorobenzyl bromide in a mixture of acetone and phosphate buffer (pH 6.8). The derivative obtained was analyzed by GC-MS in the positive-ion electron-impact mode. The lower limit of detection for the compound was 0.5 mg/l for both matrices. The calibration curve for fluoride was linear over the concentration range of 1–100 mg/l. The precision and accuracy of the method were evaluated, and relative standard deviation was within 10%. Using this method, levels of fluoride in whole blood and urine were determined in a case of poisoning caused by hydrofluoric acid exposure.
Keywords
Fluoride Hydrofluoric acid Gas poisoning GC-MS Pentafluorobenzyl Whole blood
References
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 Mayer TG, Gross PL (1985) Fatal systemic fluorosis due to hydrofluoric acid burns. Ann Emerg Med 14:149–153PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
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 McIvor ME (1987) Delayed fatal hyperkalemia in a patient with acute fluoride intoxication. Ann Emerg Med 16:1165–1167PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
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 Muriale L, Lee E, Genovese J, Trend S (1996) Fatality due to acute fluoride poisoning following dermal contact with hydrofluoric acid in a palynology laboratory. Ann Occup Hyg 40:705–710PubMedGoogle Scholar
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 Kono K, Watanabe T, Dote T, Usuda K, Nishiura H, Tagawa T, Tominaga M, Higuchi Y, Onnda M (2000) Successful treatments of lung injury and skin burn due to hydrofluoric acid exposure. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 73(Suppl):S93–S97PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
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 Takase I, Kono K, Tamura A, Nishino H, Dote T, Suzuki K (2004) Fatality due to acute fluoride poisoning in the workplace. Legal Med 6:197–200PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
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 Stremski ES, Grande GA, Ling LJ (1992) Survival following hydrofluoric acid ingestion. Ann Emerg Med 21:1396–1399PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
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 Bost RO, Springfield A (1995) Fatal hydrofluoric acid ingestion: a suicide case report. J Anal Toxicol 19:535–536PubMedGoogle Scholar
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 Cordero SC, Goodhue WW, Splichal EM, Kalasinsky VF (2004) A fatality due to ingestion of hydrofluoric acid. J Anal Toxicol 28:211–213PubMedGoogle Scholar
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 Arnow PM, Bland LA, Garcia-Houchins S, Fridkin S, Fellner SK (1994) An outbreak of fatal fluoride intoxication in a longterm hemodialysis unit. Ann Intern Med 121:339–344PubMedGoogle Scholar
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 Vogt RL, Witherell L, LaRue D, Klaucke DN (1982) Acute fluoride poisoning associated with an on-site fluoridator in a Vermont elementary school. Am J Public Health 72:1168–1169PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
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 Gessner BD, Beller M, Middaugh JP, Whitford GM (1994) Acute fluoride poisoning from a public water system. N Engl J Med 330:95–99PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
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 Poklis A, Mackell MA (1989) Disposition of fluoride in a fatal case of unsuspected sodium fluoride poisoning. Forensic Sci Int 41:55–59PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
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 Monsour PA, Kruger BJ, Petrie AF, McNee JL (1984) Acute fluoride poisoning after ingestion of sodium fluoride tablets. Med J Aust 141:503–505PubMedGoogle Scholar
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 Whitford GM (1992) Acute and chronic fluoride toxicity. J Dent Res 71:1249–1254PubMedGoogle Scholar
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 Hui D-M, Minami M (2000) Monitoring of fluorine in urine samples of patients involved in the Tokyo sarin disaster, in connection with the detection of other decomposition products of sarin and the by-products generated during sarin synthesis. Clin Chim Acta 302:171–188PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
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 Hall RJ (1963) The spectrophotometric determination of submicrogram amounts of fluorine in biological specimens. Analyst 88:76–83CrossRefGoogle Scholar
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 Speaker JH (1976) Determination of fluoride by specific ion electrode and report of a fatal case of fluoride poisoning. J Forensic Sci 21:121–126PubMedGoogle Scholar
 18. 18.
 Nedeljković M, Antonijević B, Matović V (1991) Simplified sample preparation for fluoride determination in biological materials. Analyst 116:477–478PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
 19. 19.
 Small H, Stevens TS, Bauman WC (1975) Novel ion exchange chromatographic method using conductimetric detection. Anal Chem 47:1801–1809CrossRefGoogle Scholar
 20. 20.
 Belisle J, Hagen DF (1978) Method for the determination of the total fluorine content of whole blood, serum/plasma, and other biological samples. Anal Biochem 87:545–555PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
 21. 21.
 Wildman BJ, Jackson PE, Jones WR, Alden PG (1991) Analysis of anion constituents of urine by inorganic capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr 546:459–466PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
 22. 22.
 Ferslew KE, Hagardorn AN, Robert TA (2001) Capillary ion electrophoresis of endogenous anions and anionic adulterants in human urine. J Forensic Sci 46:615–626PubMedGoogle Scholar
 23. 23.
 Kage S, Kudo K, Ikeda H, Ikeda N (2004) Simultaneous determination of formate and acetate in whole blood and urine from humans using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 805:113–117CrossRefGoogle Scholar
 24. 24.
 Kage S, Kudo K, Ikeda H, Tsujita A, Ikeda N (2005) Determination of bromide in whole blood and urine from humans using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 817:335–339CrossRefGoogle Scholar
 25. 25.
 Sakayanagi M, Yamada Y, Sakabe C, Watanabe K, Harigaya Y (2006) Identification of inorganic anions by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Forensic Sci Int 157:134–143PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Copyright information
© Japanese Association of Forensic Toxicology 2008
Authors and Affiliations
 - Shigetoshi Kage
 - 1
 - Keiko Kudo
 - 2
 - Naoki Nishida
 - 3
 - Hideaki Ikeda
 - 1
 - Naofumi Yoshioka
 - 4
 - Noriaki Ikeda
 - 2
 Email author
 1. 1.Forensic Science LaboratoryFukuoka Prefectural Police HeadquartersFukuokaJapan
 2. 2.Department of Forensic Pathology and Sciences, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityHigashi-ku, FukuokaJapan
 3. 3.Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ToyamaToyamaJapan
 4. 4.Division of Forensic Sciences, Department of Social MedicineAkita University School of MedicineAkitaJapan
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text:
or sell your data even if it wanted to.
3. Protection locked-in for emails
ProtonMail works on zero access encryption that even denies the company to view/access your mail in any form. Zero access not only encrypts all the messages in the inbox, but this extends to all the emails sent from non ProtonMail users as well. This makes it much more secure than email, so, even if, on a rare moment, somehow, ProtonMail is inﬁltrated by the attackers and they attempt to steal your data, then they won't be able to do so.
This can be attributed to the fact that ProtonMail stores only encrypted emails. Thus even ProtonMail can't decrypt them. Thus, a strong layer of zero access encryption protects your data against any damaging breaches.
4. No eye on your logging activities or tracking your address
At Google, ample records are kept, allowing them to track your every action done. This involves tracking your IP address, keeping an eye on your searches, emails opened by you, or the websites you visit. Whereas, at ProtonMail, no such records are being tracked or monitored, not even the IP address.
5. Strong authentication
At ProtonMail, secure remote passwords are used to ensure the protection of its user's credentials. This makes the system resilient to any forced attacks by any foreign element to obtain credentials despite having control over the victim's network.
Both Google and ProtonMail make use of two-factor authentication (2FA) that adds on an additional layer of security, which requires a unique code to be entered into on each login. But ProtonMail goes a step ahead of Google by only using 2FA methods and completely discarding the weaker methods like 2FA over SMS.
Both Gmail and ProtonMail are very much similar to each other. From feature sets to compatibility with every device, both email service providers can fulfill businesses' desires. Gmail may be an expensive option, but it is worth making this investment because of the large storage. It further comes with a great range of different apps.
The only factor that works in favor of ProtonMail is its data security policy and techniques used. There is no doubt in the effectiveness of this privacy measure. So, you can go ProtonMail only if you are concerned about your data security. If it doesn't matter a lot, then you can go for Gmail without any hassle.
Gmail is the perfect choice for businesses and organizations and ensures to provide the best experience while using the app.


\: mol\: H_2}\)
 Key Takeaway
 - The balanced chemical reaction can be used to determine molar relationships between substances.
 8.5: Mole-Mole Relationships in Chemical Reactions is shared under a CC BY license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts.
 - Was this article helpful?


text:
Intravenously administered cyclic [8-3H]AMP to rats was quickly eliminated from the circulation. After 2 min 93% of the administered radioactivity disappeared from the plasma, and most of it was recovered in the kidney, liver and muscles. The label in the tissues was recovered mainly in the form of nucleotides, ATP, ADP, AMP and IMP. In vitro contact of cyclic AMP with perfused liver, isolated liver cells and adipose tissue resulted in a rapid breakdown of the nucleotide, presumably on the outer surface of the cells. The degradation products have been identified mainly as adenosine and inosine. Incubation of adipose tissue and isolated liver cells with [3H]AMP also resulted in the breakdown of the nucleotide in the medium. The rate of AMP degradation by these tissues was faster than that for cyclic AMP degradation. The data suggest that cyclic AMP is readily metabolized on the outer surface of cells to products which may be converted within the cells to nucleotides. These findings seem of importance for the quantitative assessments of cellular cyclic AMP outflow during hormonal stimulation. © 1976.
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text:
How to create Geofence and Beacon Segments in Mobiconnect
Go to the "Segments" feature in Mobiconnect
Click the "New" button
Select what type of Segment you wish to create.
- Choose Geofence: If you are creating something that has a location feature using Geofencing.
- Choose Beacon: If you have a Beacon and using a Segment to attach a message to that Beacon segment.
- Choose Other: If you are creating a general segment for use across other features such as tasks, docs etc.
If you select "Beacon" then you need to have a Beacon entered into the portal using the "Beacons" feature, when creating any content you can then select that 'Beacon' segment to push messages to. Example: Let's say you have created a "Beacon" segment and have a mobile app with Beacons integrated. You then create a message such as a push notification, reward offer, content alert or a marketing message within the platform and have selected the "Beacon" segment you created. So, when anyone comes in close proximity of that beacon will get that message. This is used in many applications where location is important. See some of our examples here: _URL_