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unit: This unit supervises the generators power capability with respect to many limits such as rated stator current, rotor current limit, practical stability limit, minimum excitation, power factor, lead & lag domains…etc.
Generator power angle check unit: This unit provides the check for power angle as a stability index for operating generator.
Load shedding control unit: This unit determines the number of loads, the steps, and the duration of each step to apply a proper load shedding scheme.
The execution is based on the knowledge base contains six rules of the following form:
IF (A) THEN (B)
A: is the condition part of the rule.
B: is the action part of the rule.
Each Rule corresponds to a path in the decision tree in Fig(3) that provides an established technique for solving classification problems, which have a small number of categories stable versus unstable.
The set of rules are as follows:
Rule 1: IF the power angle of each generator in the system with respect to fixed reference in the system increases to a maximum value and then decreases THEN the system is considered as synchronously stable no load shedding.
Rule 2: IF the system is synchronously stable,
AND the final voltage profile of the system is acceptable.
AND the final loading of every branch in the system is acceptable.
THEN the final system condition is considered as acceptable.
AND the run can be terminated.
Rule 3: IF the system is synchronously stable,
AND the final voltage profile of the system is unacceptable due to violation of the voltage limit in one more of the system bus THEN load shedding is needed to correct the final voltage profile.
Rule 4: IF the system is synchronously stable,
AND the final loading profile of the system is unacceptable due to violation of the
loading limit in one or more of the system branches THEN load shedding is needed to correct the final loading profile.
Rule 5: IF the power angle of one or more generators in the system with respect to fixed reference in the system increases indefinitely THEN the system is considered as synchronously unstable.
Rule 6: IF the loading is higher than generation.
AND the system is synchronously unstable.
AND the power angle of certain generator (i) increases indefinitely.
THEN load shedding is performed as a control action.
The rules from (1) to (6) have to be repeated till a stable position is reached.
The interpreter tool that links between ETAP and Matlab Simulink is the UDM control blocks. The UDM control blocks are created using Matlab Simulink interface tool.
The components of the new expert system are shown in Fig.(4). The four major components of this system are the user interface, the simulation program, the rules for transient stability evaluation & for suggesting load shedding control actions and the interface between them. The operation logic is described in the flow chart Fig.(5).
3. The case study
The industrial power system investigated here is a typical natural gas processing plant onshore facility. The loads of the plant are supplied at two voltage levels. The ratings range from 1MVA motors down to fractions of horsepower rating loads. The power supply to the plant consists of three gas turbine driven generators each rated 4.24MW at 0.8 power factor.
Two gas turbines are continuously feeding the demand loads and the third one is in standby mode.
For clarification, the simplified single line diagram is shown in Fig.(6).
During severe conditions of the power generation system one turbine is carrying the total plant load which results in insufficient generation to meet loads, especially in Summer time where the turbine rating is de-rated due to high ambient temperature.
The condition in this abnormal operation, the second turbine will be able to share the load with the running turbine within one hour. After the duration is elapsed the plant must be shutdown in case the second turbine is failed to start. Automatic load shedding program preset to drop specific loads to steer the power system operation into safe margins.
The load shedding system shall be implemented in the substation switchgear by having initiation signal from turbine emergency system (voltage free contacts from each turbine to indicate turbine shutdown) to the substation supervisory system. The speed of communication is a dominating factor to achieve a rapid load shedding system within the overload capacity of the generator.
These hardwired signals are processed in the substation supervisory system which would operate the load shedding scheme the instant it detects that 2 of the 3 turbines are stopped (off) and the third is supplying the whole load. The status of the generator circuit breakers are used as a confirmation signal. The consumed power measurements on each generator circuit breaker monitored by the substation supervisory system shall be used to determine that the only running generator loading above 3.7MW.
The loads in switchgear panel tag item 240-ESI1-02 would be tripped through the already wired stop signals (inhibit to start for the load shedding duration) and a signal would be transmitted via fibre optic cable to trip the loads (inhibit to start for the load shedding duration) in panel 240-ESI1-02.
3.1. Input and general studies output
A load flow study had been done for the system under consideration. Table (1) shows the results of this study for normal operation of the system in which two turbines carry the demand loads.
As generation drop of one generator causes the system to no longer operate in safe margins and therefore loads have to be shed to remove the overload on the still operating turbine-generator.
The system parameters are shown in the following curves are depicted versus time
Fig.(7) speed response at generation drop.
Fig.(8) Generator electrical power demand.
Fig.(9) Generator terminal current.
Fig.(10) Generator exciter voltage.
Fig.(11) Generator exciter current.
In critical operating conditions the load shedding steps are used to remove the only running turbine overload. Item 3.2 indicates the results of applying load shedding steps. The generator thermal withstand curve indicates that the machine can sustain 3 times nameplate current for 10 seconds and overload capability is 120% for 5 seconds. Accordingly the amount of load shed at every stage should keep the generator overload less than 120%. After application as described in item 3.2, the system parameters after load shedding are shown in the following curves are depicted versus time:
Fig.(12) speed response at generation drop after load shedding.
Fig.(13) Generator electrical power demand after load shedding.
Fig.(14) Generator terminal current after load shedding.
Fig.(15) Generator exciter voltage after load shedding.
Fig.(16) Generator exciter current after load shedding
Fig.(7) shows that the generator speed drops 1465 rpm, then it rises and keeps steady at 1475 rpm (approximately keeps fixed at -1.6% drop from rated speed).
Fig.(8) shows that the generator electrical power demand rises to 4.5 MW to reflect generator overload capability to supply the system requirements after generation drop.
Fig.(9) shows that the generator terminal current rises to 950A to reflect generator overload capability to supply the system requirements after generation drop.
Fig.(10) shows that the generator exciter voltage rises to 3.25 p.u. representing the behaviour of the regulated exciter to accommodate the overload demand.
Fig.(11) shows that the generator exciter current rises to 3.25 p.u. representing the behaviour of the regulated exciter to accommodate the overload demand.
3.2. Application of knowledge base module
Applying this module, the plant conditions in each stage during generation drop and operation is investigated and printed out. By applying this module also, the module has selected the following load shedding steps so that the power system can operate in safe margins:
Step 1. Flash gas compressor rated 1400kW ( consumed power 1375kW) at 2 seconds,
Step 2. Condensate export pumps each is rated 360kW (consumed power 160kW each) at three seconds,
Step 3. Residential camp consumed active power of 280kW, and 470kW low voltage motor loads at 4 seconds.
The system new operating conditions after the execution of the load shedding 3 steps are shown in the following figures:
Fig.(12) shows that the generator speed rises up to 1500 RPM.
Fig.(13) shows that the generator electrical power demand falls to 3 MW after the three steps which is machine safe limits.
Fig.(14) shows that the generator terminal current falls to 640A to reflect generator overload capability to supply the system requirements after load shedding.
Fig.(15) shows that the generator exciter voltage drops to 2.4 p.u. representing the behaviour of exciter after load shedding.
Fig.(16) shows that the generator exciter current rises to 2.4 p.u. representing the behaviour of the exciter after load shedding.
In this chapter, a new expert system for load shedding in large industrial plant is developed and has been presented.
This expert system is better than the traditional stand alone under frequency relays that sense the frequency and trip under pre-defined values which are not responsive dynamically to the system, whereas the new expert system presented in this chapter is a rule based system for generation monitoring and load shedding which is flexible with the system dynamics. It has been developed in MATLAB software.
This system is supported by ETAP software package for power system analysis to act as comprehensive tool for power system operation monitoring in large industrial plant. The system is tested and the results obtained for a study system are presented to


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The E3 Renewable Energy Capacity Planning model (RECAP) assesses generation resource adequacy for a power system based on loss-of-load probability analysis. We developed RECAP in 2011 to meet system reliability planning needs under high renewable penetration, and have used it to help many utilities in a variety of situations. It is a publicly available tool.
- We applied RECAP to calculate reliability metrics such as loss-of-load probability, loss-of-load expectation, expected unserved energy, and effective load-carrying capability (ELCC) on behalf of both the California ISO and the Western Electric Coordinating Council to support their reliability assurance missions.
- For Oregon's Portland General Electric (PGE), a utility with 3,600 MW peak demand, we calculated a planning reserve margin (PRM) that meets a 1-day-in-10-year generation reliability standard. We used the 15.3 percent PRM to determine capacity needs in PGE's 2016 integrated resource plan. E3 also determined the effective load-carrying capability (ELCC) for PGE's existing fleet of wind resources and for combinations of new wind and solar resources under consideration.
- We used RECAP to calculate the ELCC of new and existing renewable resources as well as demand response programs for the Sacramento Municipal Utilities District. The results of our studies are used in the district's integrated resource planning process to help estimate the need for new capacity resources.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Have you been worried about the decline in the number of honey bees, but unsure what you can do about it as a concerned inhabitant of planet Earth? Colleen Guertin Parenteau, who has a master of science degree in Ecological Teaching and Learning from Lesley College, will explain how to plant a pollinator garden during a Meetinghouse Series talk at the Unitarian Church of Marblehead at 28 Mugford St. on Sunday, May 7, from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m.
Parenteau, who teaches science and health at the Tower School, will speak about the relationship between native plants and critically endangered bumblebees and butterflies. With over 20 years of experience as a naturalist, garden educator and classroom teacher, Parenteau is passionate about the importance of creating residential pollinator corridors to enhance a community's resilience to climate change.
Parenteau will discuss ways to create home gardens that will effectively attract bees and butterflies by featuring native plants endemic to the Northern Coastal Zone. These include plants that are pollinator-friendly nectar sources, pollen sources and host plants for butterflies, such as lavender, salvia and milkweed.
This Meetinghouse Series is sponsored by the U-U-Church of Marblehead and Sustainable Marblehead. Admission is free. Donations gratefully accepted.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Federal guidelines suggest communities determine why drivers are running red lights, instead of first installing red light cameras.
PINELLAS COUNTY, Florida - Acknowledging it had a safety problem at the intersection of Belcher Road and Gulf-to-Bay Boulevard, the City of Clearwater chose to install red light cameras instead of other recommended safety countermeasures, as federal guidelines suggest.
Now, following the May death of 70-year-old retired police officer and crossing guard Douglas Carey, the city and state will make some of those improvements. They include better signage, repainting lines, additional school bus stops and a flashing yellow light - all of which can contribute to intersection safety.
But federal guidelines implore communities to try countermeasures before they resort to cameras, including an engineering study "to determine the factors contributing to red-light running and to identify appropriate countermeasures that could be implemented to reduce the number of crashes resulting from red-light violations. Once identified, the appropriate effective countermeasures (engineering, education, and enforcement) should be considered in addressing the crash problem."
Clearwater officials said they did not believe any studies or specific intersection improvements were made prior to the 2011 decision to add red light cameras at two intersections. Florida Department of Transportation officials say they had not studied the intersection either.
But the rush to install cameras is certainly not limited to Clearwater. The Florida Legislature's nonpartisan Office of Program Policy Analysis & Government Accountability (OPPAGA),released a report that indicated the problem is widespread:
"Although national and state transportation organizations strongly recommend the use of countermeasures, OPPAGA's survey results indicate that most (56%) respondents did not implement countermeasures prior to installing red light cameras."
INFOGRAPHIC: Cities not following red light camera laws on reporting
TIMELINE: 10 News' short yellows investigation
MAP: Short yellow lights in your neighborhood
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Robert Sanderson MullikenArticle Free Pass
Robert Sanderson Mulliken, (born June 7, 1896, Newburyport, Mass., U.S.—died Oct. 31, 1986, Arlington, Va.), American chemist and physicist who received the 1966 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for "fundamental work concerning chemical bonds and the electronic structure of molecules."
A graduate of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Mulliken worked, during World War I and for a few years afterward, in government chemical research. He then studied under the physicist Robert A. Millikan at the University of Chicago, receiving his Ph.D. in 1921. He taught at New York University (1926–28) and then joined the faculty of the University of Chicago (1928–85).
Mulliken began working on his theory of molecular structure in the 1920s. He theoretically systematized the electron states of molecules in terms of molecular orbitals. Departing from the idea that electron orbitals for atoms are static and that atoms combine like building blocks to form molecules, he proposed that, when molecules are formed, the atoms' original electron configurations are changed into an overall molecular configuration. Further extending his theory, he developed (1952) a quantum-mechanical theory of the behaviour of electron orbitals as different atoms merge to form molecules.
During World War II Mulliken worked on the Plutonium Project, part of the development of the atomic bomb, at the University of Chicago. In 1955 he served as scientific attaché at the U.S. embassy in London.
What made you want to look up "Robert Sanderson Mulliken"? Please share what surprised you most...

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This section explains the possible methods to handle removable media, and optionally fixed media.
Handling Synchronous Connection and Disconnection
The synchronous approach to media connection and disconnection handling is simple: presume that the media exists, is connected, and relies on returned errors (most likely an IO error) to detect disconnections. This approach is more naturally fitted for fixed media, but can be used for removable media as well. Consider an application where a USB key is guaranteed to remain physically connected, for instance. In this context, it would make sense to use the synchronous approach even though the USB device is fundamentally a removable media.
Handling Asynchronous Connection and Disconnection
The asynchronous notification is available when FS_STORAGE_CFG_MEDIA_POLL_TASK_EN is set to DEF_ENABLED in fs_storage_cfg.h.
In order to receive the notifications, all you need to do is register two callbacks, one for connection and one for disconnection, using the FSStorage_ConfigureMediaConnCallback() API. Upon media connection or disconnection, the Media Poll task will call the corresponding application callback and pass the media handle as an argument. Listing - Media Connection / Disconnection Motification Mechanism Usage shows a minimal example of the notification mechanism where the user-provided callbacks merely print a message on the standard output each time a connection or disconnection event occurs. In a real-world context, the callback would typically post another task responsible for the actual event handling.
#define APP_FS_CFG_MAX_MEDIA_NAME_LEN 20u

void MyConnCb (FS_MEDIA_HANDLE media_handle)
{
 RTOS_ERR err;
 CPU_CHAR name[APP_FS_CFG_MAX_MEDIA_NAME_LEN + 1u]; /* +1 for null character terminating string. */

 FSMedia_NameGet(media_handle, name, sizeof(name), &err);
 if (err.Code == RTOS_ERR_NONE) {
 printf("Media '%s' connected!\r\n", name);
 }
}
void MyDisconnCb (FS_MEDIA_HANDLE media_handle) (1)
{
 RTOS_ERR err;
 CPU_CHAR name[APP_FS_CFG_MAX_MEDIA_NAME_LEN + 1u]; /* +1 for null character terminating string. */

 FSMedia_NameGet(media_handle, name, sizeof(name), &err);
 if (err.Code == RTOS_ERR_NONE) {
 printf("Media '%s' disconnected!\r\n", name);
 }
}
/* ... */
RTOS_ERR err;
FSStorage_ConfigureMediaConnCallback(MyConnCb, MyDisconnCb);
FSStorage_Init(&err)
if (err.Code != RTOS_ERR_NONE) {
 /* An error occurred. Error handling should be added here. */
}
/* From this point on, if a removable media is inserted or removed,
 a corresponding message will be printed on the standard output. */
Listing - Media Connection / Disconnection Motification Mechanism Usage
(1) In the disconnection callback, you could signal a task of your application that a removable media has been disconnected. If this task closes an opened volume with FSVol_Close(), you could get an error returned indicating an I/O error (RTOS_ERR_IO). In that case, the error should be considered as a normal situation. Indeed if the FAT journaling module is enabled via the configuration FS_FAT_CFG_JOURNAL_EN, when you close the volume, the File System stack deletes the journal file. Since the removable media (SCSI or SD) has been disconnected, the delete access on the physical media fails and an I/O error is returned.
Figure - Media Poll Task summarizes the usage of the Media Poll task for the asynchronous media detection.
Micrium OS FS Media Poll Task
Figure - Media Poll Task
(1) The Media Poll task interrogates periodically each opened block device to know if a connection or disconnection has occurred.
(2) If a connection or disconnection has been detected, the Media Poll task will call the appropriate application callback. In general, the connection callback will notify a user task about the media connection. For fixed media, the user application is notified only once about the connection. The fixed media disconnection cannot happen of course.
(3) The SCSI media driver has the ability to notify the application about a device presence without using the Media Poll task's help. Refer to the section Detection Regarless of Media Poll Task Presence for more details.
SCSI Removable Media
Detection Regarless of Media Poll Task Presence
As explained in the section Media, which describes the media's physical nature, SD card and SCSI media types are considered to be removable media. Yet there is a difference between an SD card and a SCSI device: their persistence. From the File System perspective, an SD card is said to be persistent, as opposed to a SCSI device, which is non-persistent. This difference makes it possible for the SCSI storage driver to be independent from the Media Poll task presence. That is, regardless of the Media Poll task configuration (#define FS_STORAGE_CFG_MEDIA_POLL_TASK_EN in fs_storage_cfg.h), the user callbacks will always be called upon SCSI device connection or disconnection. If you want to perform file accesses on a SCSI device, you must rely on the application connection callbacks called by File System. On the other hand, if the Media Poll task is disabled, an SD card will not be detected asynchronously. You can still detect an SD card synchronously if the SD card is always inserted in the SD slot.
Automatic Media Naming
As described in the section Media, a media name is assigned by you to NAND, NOR, RAM disk and SD so that they are registered in the Platform Manager and known from Micrium OS File System for properly configuring them. SCSI devices are a bit different because the media name is internally assigned by the SCSI media driver upon the device's connection. While you have full control on the media name for NAND, NOR, RAM disk and SD, the SCSI media name follows this format:
"scsiXXYY" where XX is a unique ID assigned to the connected SCSI device and YY is the logical unit number (a SCSI device is composed of one to N logical units).
When your application connection callback is called upon the SCSI device connection's detection, you have access to the SCSI media handle as shown in Listing - Media Connection / Disconnection Motification Mechanism Usage. If this media handle is passed to the function FSMedia_NameGet(), you will get for example the SCSI device with the name "scsi0001".
Micrium OS USB Host's Hub Task
The SCSI media driver works with Micrium OS USB Host to transport the SCSI commands over USB to memory sticks and memory card readers. Micrium OS USB Host has an internal task called the hub task responsible for all the hub-related events such as device connection, disconnection, etc. When a SCSI device connects to an embedded USB host, the USB Host hub task calls a connection callback provided by the SCSI media driver. Then this SCSI media driver's callback calls your application connection callback. This situation occurs only if the Media Poll task is disabled (#define FS_STORAGE_CFG_MEDIA_POLL_TASK_EN set to DEF_DISABLED in fs_storage_cfg.h). Within your application callback, you could call any functions that perform a file operation such as FSFile_Open(), FSFile_Rd(), etc. When calling these type of functions, several media read/write accesses can be done by the SCSI media driver passing through the different layers of Micrium OS USB Host stack. At this point, all the functions call stack is done within the USB Host hub task's context. For that specific case, the hub task must have a stack size large enough to accommodate worst case scenario of call stack. The default hub task's stack size is 768 elements as indicated in Table - Micrium OS Internal tasks. This stack size value should be sufficient for most typical cases. In general, your application connection callback would typically post another task responsible for the actual connection event handling. This other task would perform any file operations and would avoid any hub task's overflow issue.
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Ever wonder where the American culinary classic meatloaf really came from? Would you believe the dish can be traced back for centuries? The meatloaf has European origins; meatloaf of minced meat was mentioned in the famous Roman cookery collection Apicius as early as the 5th century.
Patties or "loaves" of minced meat, mixed with a variety of ingredients, are part of many culinary histories. Germans hid boiled eggs inside meatloaf, the Romans enjoyed theirs made with wine-soaked bread, spices, and pine nuts, Medieval Europe served it mixed with fruit, nuts and seasonings. Sometimes it was served hot, or wrapped in ham, or served cold with sauces, or was found jiggling in layers of gelatin. From the beginning, meatloaf showed us how much potential we have for the re-invention of food.
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text: Copper Conductive Tape has a conductive acrylic adhesive for grounding and RFI/EMI (radio-frequency interference/electromagnetic interference) shielding applications. Also known as EMI shielding tape, it provides a very low rate of electrical resistance for good conductivity. These long-lasting tapes can eliminate the need for screws and mechanical fasteners – while providing for contact grounding and EMI Shielding in the bond line gap/slit. Single sided conductive copper tapes for SEM / FIB applications. Indispensable for making ground contacts between the sample surface and SEM stub or SEM sample holder. The tape is made with soft copper foil which is easily molded to follow the shape of the sample. Highly electrically conductive tape with conductive pressure sensitive acrylic adhesive. Resistance through adhesive < 1 Ohm and this tape has a high initial tack to provide good conductivity. Double sided conductive copper tape has a layer of conductive acrylic adhesive on both sides. Highly electrically conductive with a resistance through the adhesive < 1 Ohm. This double sided conductive copper tape has the same specifications as the 3M 1182 tape. Ideal for mounting samples directly on sample stubs whilst establishing a grounding path. Either to mount large samples on stubs or for smaller samples directly on the tape. Non-conductive samples surfaces should be coated to obtain best imaging results. Can be used for long term applications. Much better conductivity than carbon tape and carbon tabs. The soft copper tape can be easily cut to the required size.


text:
Photography Posing Tips for Photographing Men, Women, and Groups
Remember the time you photographed your model? You set up the photograph, make sure your background is appropriate, the light's great and you click the shutter. And then you look at the back of your camera and your subject looks heavy. You look at it on the computer and it is still not flattering. "How did that happen?" you wonder.
Posing is important. It is a way to capture your subject at their most flattering while making the image interesting.
Model Posing Tips: The posing rules differ between men and women and, most of the time, you never want to use male poses on women or female poses on men. However, if there is a specific reason to cross over the poses, it can create an interesting photograph.
So here's a few additional Posing Tips:
- Ask your subject to bring their chin down, otherwise the neck will command the attention of the photograph. Most often people will unconsciously lift their chin when being photographed. If you ask them to bring it down a little, they will usually respond that they are afraid of double chins. To remedy the double chin fear, have them push out their chin (I call it "turtle neck") and that will take care of the double chin.
- Posing Tips For women:
- Photograph her from an angle. Unless you have a very tiny woman, no woman looks her best when her shoulders and hips straight on to the camera. Pose a woman with her hips at the camera and then turn her shoulders and face back toward the camera.
- On a woman, if it bends, bend it. A Women look more feminine if you bend her elbows, wrists, curl the fingers a little (maybe even grasp her collar or necklace with her thumb and pointer finger), have her shift her weight on to one leg and then bend a knee.
- Ask your subject to tilt her head a bit, and again, drop her chin.
- Avoid photographing crotches, underarms, and up noses.
- If you are photographing a heavier woman, find them a prop that is flattering, for example, have them cuddle a cute pillow.
- Posing Tips For Men:
- Keep them square to the camera. Men look better with broad shoulders.
- Have him make a fist with his hand and put his thumbs in his pocket or have him cross his arms with his hands on his forearms and thumbs tucked under the arm (think Aladdin).
- Keep their weight evenly distributed on both legs.
- Remember to have him drop his chin a bit.
- For groups, try to arrange your subjects so they form a pyramid (either with the high point at the top or an inverted pyramid). Make sure you can see all the faces and if you can separate your subjects heads vertically by at least 3 inches, so the heads are at different heights. For example, pose Dad and then pose Mom so that her eyes are level with Dad's mouth. It is always fun to have them cuddle in tight together if they are family.
One Last Posing Tip: Learn Classic Posing
The last of my tips would be that not all poses look the same on all people. Don't be afraid of trying different poses and props until you find something that works. And don't be afraid to learn classic posing. When you photograph using the classic rules of photography, your images are timeless. Once you master the classics, it is easy to add your own flair for images that are popular and that are still well photographed.
Don Blair is the granddaddy of posing. His book, "Body Parts" is considered one of the best books ever written on posing and provides lots of great tips. If you would like some classic posing tips I suggest his book.


Advantages of Afforestation?
Afforestation is the process of planting of trees for the purpose of creating woodland or forest. In the context of the common agricultural policy, the term refers to measures co-financed by the European Union to encourage new woodland development with a view to its beneficial effects for the environment.
1 Additional Answer Answer for: what is the definition of afforestation
[uh-fawr-ist, uh-for-]
Q&A Related to "Advantages of Afforestation?"
afforest: establish a forest on previously unforested land
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Afforestable is the adjective form of afforestation, which means to turn fallow land into a forest. Any land with the capacity to be converted into a forest is...
Afforest means to establish a forest on previously unforested land. Example of a sentence with the word afforest is: 'We are going to afforest the area that was...
Afforestment is defined as the act of establishing a forest on a land that has never been forested before. Many governments and non-governments organisations encourage...


kids encyclopedia robot
Silverleaf oak facts for kids
Kids Encyclopedia Facts
Quick facts for kids
Silverleaf oak
Quercus hypoleucoides - Flickr - aspidoscelis (1).jpg
Conservation status
Scientific classification
Quercus hypoleucoides range map 1.png
Natural range of Quercus hypoleucoides
 - Quercus confertifolia Torr.
 - Quercus hypoleuca Engelm.
Quercus hypoleucoides, the silverleaf oak or the whiteleaf oak is a North American species of trees or shrubs in the beech family. It grows in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
Quercus hypoleucoides, though usually seen as a shrub, can be found to be a full-sized tree, 30 feet (9 meters) tall in areas where it receives sufficient water. Quercus hypoleucoides can be distinguished from other oaks by its lanceolate leaves which are dark green on top but silver white on the lower surface.
 - Leaves: Are alternate, evergreen, simple, and narrowly oblong to lanceolate. They are usually 2 to 4 inches (5–10 cm) long, with edges revolute. Occasionally there are a few shallow teeth, a narrow pointed tip, and a leathery texture. They are usually a shiny yellow-green on top and white or silvery on the bottom.
 - Fruits: Oblong acorn that is 1/2 to 3/4 inch long. The cap is scaly bowl-shaped and covers 1/3 of the nut which ripens in 1 (or 2 seasons), maturing in early fall.
 - Flowers: Quercus hypoleucoides is a monoecious plant and therefore both male and female flowers grow on the same plant. This is opposed to dioecious plants where male flowers and female flowers grow on separate trees. The male flowers form long drooping catkins that are yellow-green in color. The female flowers have very small spikes in leaf axils that appear with the leaves.
 - Form: Though usually found as a shrub, given enough moisture it can become a medium-sized tree that reaches up to 60 feet (18 meters) tall with a spreading round crown.
Fire ecology
Quercus hypoleucoides is a vigorous post-fire resprouter and will form a multi-stem shrub in areas of repeated fire.
Quercus hypoleucoides resprouting following fire
Quercus hypoleucoides resprouting following fire
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Silverleaf oak Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.


1994 Gmc Sonoma 2.2 Firing Order
1994 Gmc Sonoma 2.2 Firing OrderYou could have noticed that your car or truck is firing order. This is due to the motors fire in a specific the order. Shape 4 demonstrates the firing order for your BMW S65, which abilities the 2012 M3 E90. Body 5 illustrates the firing series of each cylinder. Each and every cylinder fires following the after that 1 right after it provides reached 720/8=90°. Here's the actual way it is completed. Follow these steps to make sure your car performing efficiently. 1994 Gmc Sonoma 2.2 Firing Order.
1-2-3-4
It isn't always the situation, though in certain engines there is a firing order of 1-2-3-4 that may be employed. Different companies use various firing requests. In some instances firing purchases are absolutely unimportant. It's all depending on your generator manufacturer. There are, nonetheless, some versions to the rule. Discover more about these situations. Remember that firing orders placed have a showing! Below are a few of the most often happening circumstances.
Firing Order I Need A Diagram Of The Firing Order Of A 1991 2 8L
Power cerebral vascular accidents, the longest of all the four strokes generates a range of tension. The thermal and mechanical tensions developed by an effective cerebrovascular event could affect an generator. It is crucial to ensure that these 2 kinds of stress don't take place throughout the exact cylinder. In multi-cylinder motors the firing buy is really important. Before the other and the engine won't function effectively, in the event that one engine fires first.
As an example the first tube must be fired before the second one, given that firing the next one right after the first could result in abnormal vibration as well as heat. The next cylinder would be to stick to the firstone, since it will be able to begin the energy cerebrovascular event subsequent 180 degrees of crankshaft change. 4. Your fourth one is able to go. Then a after that. Your order for which you fireplace is vital on the engine's sleek performance. The pattern of pistons will determine exactly how much energy every single piston makes.
1-8-4-3-6-5-7-2
There are a variety of firing buy options available for level-airplane cranks. The cylinders to complete opposite aspects of the main cylinder are fired within the same get these folks were changed. The firing order is popularized by Cosworth. The Cosworth 2.4-liter V8 engine was renowned for its capability to get to 22,000 rpm on Method 1. Formula 1 keep track of. The firing sequence Cosworth utilized was really a variance of 1-5-2-6-4-7-3. It had been used by Kaase and later on utilized to create Solution One. The firing sequence Cosworth used was revised from the late nineties to make up the higher torsional vibrations of their motor.
Whats The Firing Order For A 1994 GMC Sonoma
The first firing order is utilized on conventional American V8 motors, typically. The first V8 motors, for example the ones from Olds V8 and Buick Nailhead used this firing order. Cadillac and Ford used three firing orders placed in 1960s to the LS motors. While they're less preferred at present, the firing sequence was preferred on specific types. The firing pattern for the Chevy 350 is 1-8-4-3-6-7-2.
The firing get is vital to the engine's power productivity, generator audio, and vibrations. The firing order is vital for the design of the crankshaft as well as its functionality. The numbering of cylinders is generally elevated from top to rear of any engine nevertheless it isn't always the scenario. In V8 engines an order of firing will likely be based on crankshaft's place and the cylinders. As an illustration this is basically the scenario that variety 57, and 7 cylinders can be found at the back in the engine block.
1-3-4-2
There are 2 techniques the 1-3-4-2 Firing Buy might be used, such as to begin each and every tube with the series of strokes. The other option is regular 1-3-4-2. This is actually the get wherein the cylinders begin firing in a race engine. The 2nd way is the reverse. The contrary on this layout is definitely the lender-to banking institution combustion cycle which induces a large volume in motor shake. Although it's almost never used Godbold has read about 2 or 3 NASCAR squads who definitely have tried out this method.
Chevrolet S 10 Questions What Is The Firing Order For The 87 2 8 S10
When making an motor when building an engine, it is very important to contemplate the firing sequence for each tube. Within an V-design motor the cylinders A1-B1 are living about the outboard part. Cylinders R1 and L1 might be on the right and left banking companies and the remaining banking institution, respectively. Two-tube motors operate in a purchase order that is a lot like the V-shape motor and have the ability to be fired in the same series or in a pattern.
The firing get from the a number of-cylinder engine is 3-4-2. Although the six-cylinder generator has distinct firing orders placed. The No. 1 tube is fired each and every 120 degrees of crankshaft rotation The the cylinders no. 2 and 3 flame each 180 diplomas. If you are changing a 1-3-4-2 Fire Order, you'll likely end up removing the benefits that were inherent in the design.
Gallery of 1994 Gmc Sonoma 2.2 Firing Order
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The CERN Science Gateway, a new educational and outreach facility of about 7000 m2, will be a unique attraction in the heart of Europe, bringing visitors up close to the science and innovation at CERN. Thanks to authentic and inspiring content, visitors will experience the wider context of scientific research, in the place where science is happening.
The main purpose of Science Gateway is to inspire a diverse audience, to instil in them curiosity for science, and to help them make sense of the science that shapes their lives. In particular, it intends to engage younger students to the pursuit of scientific studies. CERN has joined forces with education leaders to develop, for school children and teachers, a novel way of learning and teaching science.
The Science Gateway will enable interaction with the science and the people working at CERN, the discoveries, the research projects, the innovation, and the peaceful collaboration across nations that makes it all possible.
Finally, Science Gateway will reach out to build ties across CERN member and Associate Member States, and beyond, sharing content and encouraging co-creation with other museums, science centres and education networks.
Private funding is crucial for the completion of Science Gateway, which will be co-developed in close collaboration with donors to reflect a shared vision and common values. The CERN & Society Foundation has launched the capital campaign for the Science Gateway. In-kind contributions of components and services for the building by companies are also being sought.


text: The electrochemical characterization of sulfadiazine-cysteine (SD-CYS) adduct formation was performed in phosphate buffer (pH 7) on the basis of voltammetric current and peak potential measurements. Due to the association of cysteine with sulfadiazine, the reduction peak currents of mercuric and mercurous cysteine thiolates decreased and their peak potentials simultaneously shifted to less negative potentials. By using the current changes of mercurous cysteine thiolate, it was determined that cysteine and sulfadiazine are associated with a 1:1 stoichiometry with a conditional association constant of 1.99 x10(4) M-1. In addition to experimental studies, a computational approach was carried out to study the geometrical parameters, electron densities, and UV-Vis absorption spectra of sulfadiazine and SD-CYS adduct in water. Calculated (B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level) and experimental UV-Vis absorption spectra of the compounds were found to be in good agreement in water. The computational study suggests that cysteine bound to the C(5) on the pyrimidine ring via SH-group nucleophilic attack. Computational results reveal that sulfadiazine and its derivatives effectively bind cysteine and may lead to new molecules/drugs to target cysteine.


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For 21 years Ars Cameralis Festival has brought music, artistic, theatrical and literary events to Upper Silesia. The goal of the Festival's visual identity in 2012 was to emphasize the diversity of the programme by delivering a clear and bold statement. All the more so in November, when the weather is rather unfriendly, and the streets in the cities where the Festival is taking place are dirty, grey, featureless, gloomy and half asleep.
The main idea for the visual identity was to direct messages at various groups of recipients – fans of various arts. With this aim, colour-coding was used and a set of pictograms / symbols was designed to represent each of the arts:
1. Ars: music was marked with a heart and the colour red. The heart means rhythm, life, sincerity.
2. Ars: fine art is a peacock's feather (symbolizing beauty, but also vanity) and the colour turquoise.
3. Ars: literature is represented by a bunch of grapes, evoking poetry, on a purple background.
4. Ars: theatre is denoted by fire (transgression, change, energy) and the colour orange.
The four main graphic motifs are depicted in a linear and synthetic way. The form of the signs was to relate to the language of visual information systems on one hand, and high art on the other. A tangle of thick lines creates an ornament, out of which each symbol emerges. The ornament was used as a whole or in parts (e.g. on catalogue covers). The symbols function independently as a series of posters or they are joint together to form a more complex illustration used in printed materials referring to the entire festival (in this case the colour black is used).
Visual identity of the Festival in the previous editions gave primacy to creative freedom of the author, which in some cases meant that the message was not clear to all the recipients. The identity of the 21st edition was first and foremost user-oriented, tailored to the needs and expectations of recipients.
The catalogue submitted to the competition is made up of five brochures connected by a rubber x-band in one of the selected colours. The four brochures are devoted to each of the arts; the fifth, black one, is an introduction to the festival. The catalogues were printed on uncoated paper in duotone: silver and corresponding Pantone and have between 16 and 48 pages. Additionally, a series of posters, billboards, bus shelter advertisements, flyers, video spot, banners, access passes and other elements were designed.


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largestSum
Language/Type: C++ recursion backtracking
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Write a recursive function named largestSum that accepts a reference to a vector of integers V and an integer limit N as parameters and uses backtracking to find the largest sum that can be generated by adding elements of V that does not exceed N. For example, if you are given the vector {7, 30, 8, 22, 6, 1, 14} and the limit of 19, the largest sum that can be generated that does not exceed is 16, achieved by adding 7, 8, and 1. If the vector is empty, or if the limit is not a positive integer, or all of V's values exceed the limit, return 0. Assume that all values in the vector are non-negative.
Each index's element in the vector can be added to the sum only once, but the same number value might occur more than once in the vector, in which case each occurrence might be added to the sum. For example, if the vector is {6, 2, 1} you may use up to one 6 in the sum, but if the vector is {6, 2, 6, 1} you may use up to two sixes.
For the most part you do not need to worry about efficiency, but your code should not perform exactly the same unnecessary deep exploration multiple times. You should also avoid making copies of data structures extremely high numbers of times by always passing them by reference.
The vector passed to your function must be back to its original state at the end of the call. Either do not modify it, or if you modify it, fully undo your modifications before the function returns.
Constraints: Do not declare any global variables. You can use any data structures you like, and your code can contain loops, but the overall algorithm must be recursive and must use backtracking. You are allowed to define other "helper" functions if you like; they are subject to these same constraints.
Function: Write a C++ function as described, not a complete program.
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What does ieee 1394 mean?
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word ieee 1394.
Freebase
 1. IEEE 1394
 The IEEE 1394 interface is a serial bus interface standard for high-speed communications and isochronous real-time data transfer. It was developed in the late 1980s and early 1990s by Apple, who called it FireWire. The 1394 interface is comparable to USB, and often those two technologies are considered together, though USB has more market share. Apple first included FireWire in some of its 1999 models, and most Apple computers since the year 2000 have included FireWire ports, though, as of 2013, nothing beyond the 800 version. The interface is also known by the brand i.LINK, and Lynx. IEEE 1394 replaced parallel SCSI in many applications, because of lower implementation costs and a simplified, more adaptable cabling system. The 1394 standard also defines a backplane interface, though this is not as widely used. IEEE 1394 is the High-Definition Audio-Video Network Alliance standard connection interface for A/V component communication and control. FireWire is also available in wireless, fiber optic, and coaxial versions using the isochronous protocols.
Numerology
 1. Chaldean Numerology
 The numerical value of ieee 1394 in Chaldean Numerology is: 7
 2. Pythagorean Numerology
 The numerical value of ieee 1394 in Pythagorean Numerology is: 6
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There's a little black spot on the sun today
"I absolutely love Sven's illustrations,
they are a wonderful interpretation of my lyrics."
When Malo, was three years old he developed a serious illness. He traveled with his father back and forth to the hospital for treatment. On one such journey, legendary musician Sting's song »King of Pain« came on the radio. Moved by the music, Malo found the words he needed to help him describe the pain, isolation, and fear he was feeling.
Sven Völker is Malo's father. He translated the lines of the song into images. Concentrating on geometric shapes with sharp distinct edges and color, Völker has created a highly evocative interpretation of Sting's poetic words. He puts them together in a variety of ways and combinations to create a range of impressive and color-intense images that visualize the pain.
How does one explain pain?
Originally destined for Malo's bedroom walls, these bright images have become a picture book of intense emotions transforming Sting's words into a captivating children's book. »There's a Little Black Spot on the Sun Today« deals with the abstract subject of pain in a remarkable way, exploring all it's facets.
Picture Book
"Ebenso minimalistische wie faszinierende Bilder"
Deutschlandradio Kultur
"Ein wunderschönes, vieltöniges Kinderbuch"
Stuttgarter Zeitung


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Most of the time, Frigidaire dishwasher lights blinking is not a major problem and can be diagnosed easily. Different lights indicate different causes, and once they are solved, you can start using your dishwasher again. Since the Frigidaire dishwasher blinking lights indicate different causes than other dishwashers, you should know the exact reason behind it. Therefore, knowing the correct cause is important since that is the only way to eliminate the Frigidaire dishwasher blinking lights. Consider the following factors to troubleshoot the Frigidaire dishwasher lights blinking issues.
Perform a Basic Reset
- 1 Perform a Basic Reset
- 2 Start/ Resume Keypad
- 3 Clean Keypad
- 4 Hi-Temp Wash or Hi-Temp Rinse Keypad
- 5 Heating Element
- 6 Check Frigidaire Dishwasher's Error Codes
- 7 Drain Pump
- 8 Touchpad and Control Panel
- 9 Frequently Asked Questions
- 10 Conclusion
Before you get into detail about troubleshooting your dishwasher, you should perform a basic reset:
- Switch off the dishwasher and unplug it from power, or turn off the circuit breaker.
- Wait for about five minutes and restore the power to the appliance by turning on the switch.
- Restart the dishwasher, select a new cycle and check whether the problem is solved.
Start/ Resume Keypad
A special sensor in the Frigidaire dishwasher detects whether the door is closed properly or not. So, it is necessary to close the door properly and latch it before a cycle is started. If not, the Start/ Resume light will flash. If you see this light flashing, you should open the door and shut it again to ensure it is latched properly. Then press the Start button to start the cycle, and this should have solved the problem.
The notification of cleaned dishwashers is indicated by illuminating the "Clean" keypad. But if this sign is flashing on the keypad, it indicates a problem with the temperature of the water. To test the water temperature:
- Turn on your home hot water sink connected with the dishwasher.
- Using a thermometer, check whether the temperature of water is around 120 ˚F.
- If the water has a temperature below 120 ˚F, turn on your home heater to ensure the water temperature to be around 120 ˚F. You can turn on your dishwasher to check whether the problem is fixed.
But if you cannot change the water temperature and if the problem remains, you would need to call a plumber for help.
Hi-Temp Wash or Hi-Temp Rinse Keypad
These options, named "Hi-Temp Wash" and "Hi-Temp Rinse" in a Frigidaire dishwasher, warm water for a cycle until the water reaches a specific temperature. If the "Hi-Temp Wash" or "Hi-Temp Rinse" button flashes during the water warming time, it indicates that the cycle has been paused. The buttons would stop flashing after the water reaches a certain temperature, and the cycle will be resumed.
Water is heated to a specifically selected temperature by the heating element. If water fails to reach the proper temperature within a pre-defined time, a light indicator on the control panel will flash. This indicates that something has gone wrong with the heating elements. Check the continuity of the heating element using a multimeter, and if the heating element does not indicate any continuity, then the heating element must have been burned out. Since these coils are not repairable, you would have to replace them to solve the problem.
Check Frigidaire Dishwasher's Error Codes
If your dishwasher is blinking even though the display window is working, you should check the display window for error codes. Then, refer to the user manual and consult the wiring diagram and tech sheet for more information. Follow the instructions indicated there as it is the best solution for your dishwasher.
The function of the drain pump is to remove used water out through the drain hose. If the drain pump is defective, it would not be able to drain out water. Your appliance indicates this as you can see the Frigidaire dishwasher lights blinking. Check the continuity of the drain motor using a multimeter to determine whether it is defective or not. As the drain motor is not repairable, you would have to replace the drain pump if it is found to be faulty.
Touchpad and Control Panel
If there are any issues with the touchpad or the control panel, you should first confirm that the display is working. If it is working, try pressing the touchpad buttons and check whether they respond. If you observe that some buttons don't respond correctly, the entire touchpad and control panel can be at fault. After confirmation, you would need to replace these components. Sometimes the touchpads are sold separately from the control panel by certain manufacturers. Other manufacturers would need you to buy the touchpad and control panel together. If you cannot replace the touchpad separately, then replace both the touchpad and control panel.
Frequently Asked Questions
If your dishwasher has continuously blinking Start, Wash, or Clean lights, it would indicate that there are electrical or water flow problems. Some issues can be solved simply by resetting, while others would need more troubleshooting.
What is indicated if the Option LED is flashing on the Frigidaire dishwasher?
Flashing LEDs in Hi-Temp Wash and No Heat Dry/ Power Dry Off indicates a power failure. Press Start/ Cancel and select the desired options and cycle again.
Why is Status LED flashing?
The Status LEDs will flash when the door is opened, and you should close the door to get rid of this.
As you have gained an overall idea about the Frigidaire dishwasher lights blinking, you can troubleshoot your dishwasher easily. If you need more clarification on the blinking indications, you can refer to your user manual, as it would give you a specific solution for your dishwasher model. You would also find it useful to know the reasons why your Frigidaire dishwasher won't start and how to troubleshoot them.
If you are thinking of purchasing a new dishwasher, avoid these Worst Dishwasher Brands and choose from the recommended models indicated in the guide.


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Become a Dental Assistant in Missouri - MO
In Missouri, there are three designations of dental assistants: dental assistants, dental assistants with "expanded functions" designation, and DANB certified dental assistants (CDAs). All levels of assistants help dentists and hygienists with exams and procedures, assistants with "expanded functions" and certifications can perform additional duties and work with less supervision.
How to Become a Dental Assistant in Missouri
Dental assistants can be trained on-the-job, however there are several options that allow additional responsibility in a dental practice and all require additional training and (in the case of CDAs) certification. There is no radiology requirement for assistants in Missouri—assistants can take and process x-rays.
To Become an Assistant with "Expanded Functions":
- Take and pass a state-approved dental assisting basic skills exam.
- Complete a state-approved expanded functions training course.
- Pass a competency exam and provide proof of competency to the Missouri Dental Board.


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The airport, formerly named Shuangguisi Airport, opened in capacity as an auxiliary military airfield in 1938 during the Second Sino-Japanese War/World War II. At the time, it possessed only earth surface for small biplanes to take off and touch down, where the Republic of China Air Force Polikarpov I-15 fighters of the 5th Pursuit Group were based for aerial defense of the Chengdu area against Imperial Japanese bomber raids; this following the Chinese retreat from Wuhan to Chongqing as the new provisional capital in aftermath of the Battle of Wuhan against the Imperial Japanese onslaught. Civilian targets were indiscriminately bombed, and ace fighter pilot of the Chinese Air Force Major Wong Sun-shui and Lieutenant Lin Heng (younger brother of renown architect and poet Lin Huiyin) flying in their I-15 fighter planes were both killed near Shuangliu air base as a result of battling against the world's best fighter aircraft of the time, the A6M "Zero" (Reisen) fighter, in defense of Chengdu on 14 March 1941.
During World War II, the airport was known as Shwangliu (Shuangliu) Airfield and was later used by the United States Army Air Forces Fourteenth Air Force as part of the China Defensive Campaign (1942–1945). It was used as a fighter base by the 33d Fighter Group, which flew P-47 Thunderbolt fighter-bombers from the airport in 1944 to support Chinese ground forces, and also by reconnaissance units that operated camera-equipped P-38 Lightnings that located Japanese forces and provided intelligence to the fighter-bombers. The Americans closed their facilities at Shwangliu Airfield at the end of August 1945.
On December 12, 1956, the Shuangguisi Airport was put under civil aviation, which was then formally listed as a civil aviation airport and renamed Chengdu Shuangliu Airport. In 1957, the flights of Chengdu civil aviation were shifted to Shuangliu Airport from Guanghan Airport. The flight courses from Chengdu were thus opened to various cities within China including Beijing, Taiyuan, Xi'an, Chongqing, Kunming, Guiyang]], Nanchong, etc. The airport went through several earlier expansions in 1959, 1967, 1983 and 1991 respectively.
- Maurer, Maurer. Air Force Combat Units Of World War II. Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama: Office of Air Force History, 1983. ISBN 0-89201-092-4
- USAFHRA document search - Shwangliu
- Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Category:Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport.|
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).|


Quick Answer: How Do Bikers Greet Each Other?
How do bikers say hello?
Titles for this greeting include "Biker wave", "Motorcyclist wave", "Motorcycle wave" or just "The Wave." The greeting made can include a number of gestures including a nod, a pointed finger, palm-out V sign, or an actual raised-hand wave..
Why bikers wave to each other?
The biker wave is as old as motorcycles. Apparently it was started in 1904 when Harley-Davidson partners Arthur Davidson and William Harley passed each other and waved. It was noted by a passerby and believed to be etiquette among riders. … I'm not talking about motorcycle rider hand signals that indicate hazards etc.
Why do bikers kiss on the lips?
The Angels differentiated themselves from society by kissing each other on the mouth as a greeting and an opportunity to shock passers-by. The bikers' kisses became immortalized in Hunter S.
Why do bikers hate trikes?
There are some notable downsides to Harley's trikes, of course. The most obvious one is the handling. Unlike Can-Am's Spider or Polaris' Slingshot, the two wheels are at the rear of the bike. This severely hampers handling in the traditional sense, as the third wheel renders leaning impossible.
Why do bikers say old lady?
Ol' Lady: Some say Old Lady and others argue about using the 'd' on the end of old. However you choose to pronounce it – – when a biker decides he likes a woman well enough to keep her as his personal property, he takes her as his Ol' Lady. The term Ol' Lady is a term of endearment, not one of disrespect.
What does the peace sign mean to bikers?
A fist with the index and middle fingers extended but spread apart – A peace sign meaning "peace on the road." Thumb and index finger making a circle other three fingers extended – The "OK" sign saying, "I'm okay, you're okay." Can also be a question asking if the other rider is okay.
What is a 2% biker?
What should you not say to a biker?
20 Things to NEVER Say When Dating a BikerYour garage really needed a makeover! … It's like you have another woman out in the garage. … You'll never get ME on that death machine! … You know, I think you love that motorcycle more than you love me. … You spent HOW MUCH on new pipes for your motorcycle?More items…
Why do bikers wave down low?
The Biker Wave is a way for motorcyclists to acknowledge each other as they pass each other on the road. It is very similar to how Jeep owners have their own wave as they pass each other on the road. It really is just a simple way of saying hello to someone who has the same passion as you, when it comes to two wheels.
What does FTW mean for bikers?
For The WindSo, the Hell's Angels are the 81, Forajidos the 6, etc. FTW: usually it would mean "For The Wind", but in the MC culture are "Fuck the World" initials, symbol of biker's absolute rebellion.
What does a 1% tattoo mean?
What do bikers call their girlfriends?
Why do bikers carry hammers?
The ball peen hammer being carried by bikers has been synonymous with Hell's Angels for a very long time, because it used to be an unassuming and very affective weapon for them to use for self protection in a fight. Most people in the biker community still associate the ball peen hammer with HA.
Why do bikers wear rings?
Some wear for sentimental reasons or vanity, and there is some who wear as a symbol of status. There are also others who believe in wearing certain rings will have benefits such as magic talismans, protection from evil spirits and amulets. … These are the reasons one should wear biker rings.
What does it mean when bikers point two fingers down?
This is a way of expressing respect towards the other motorcyclist. It's our way of saying, "Hello! Keep the rubber side down, keep both wheels on the ground". It signifies that the rider is wishing the fellow rider to stay safe and ride safe.
What does a 3% patch mean?
3 Piece Patch Meaning The 3 piece patch is normally used to identify the club as a traditional motorcycle club, shortened as MC. This type of patch is used to signify that the club is not sanctioned by the American Motorcycle Association, but necessarily not a 1% club.
What does 13 mean to bikers?
What does 81 mean to bikers?
MC stands for Motorcycle Club. All members of HAMC World ride motorcycles. 81 is a metonym. It stands for the 8th letter of the alphabet which is an H, and the 1st letter of the alphabet which is an A, HA = Hells Angels.


text:
Students Find Healthy Food Choices at School
Students get a crash course on the importance of healthy eating.
Middle school students are learning about healthy eating – one bite at a time.
This week, students at Bloomfield Middle School learned how they can incorporate healthier eating habits into their lives. The school's food provider Chartwells sponsored its Chefs 2 Schools program where guest chefs adopt a local school district and make occasional visits throughout the year and talk about healthy eating choices.
On Tuesday, Chef Douglas Kulp hosted a sampling table event where students from Bloomfield Middle School tasted a variety of healthy menu choices, such as vegetarian chili, wheat berry salad and blood oranges.
"We are thrilled to present our kids with the opportunity to learn how to prepare healthy food choices through Chartwells' Chefs 2 Schools program," said Chartwells Director of Dining Services for Bloomfield Public Schools Leslie Torres.
"Together with Chartwells, we hope that our ongoing partnership will help students understand the need for healthy habits and most importantly, the benefits of being healthy."
The Chefs 2 Schools program is aimed at at creating a focus on healthy meals and helping to educate students about sound eating habits and healthy food preparation.


1992-02-01
LDV Measurements of Intake Port Flow in a Two-Stroke Engine with and without Combustion 920424
To better understand the complex scavenging process in ported two-stroke engines, velocity measurements were taken at the exit of an intake port of a motoring and firing single-cylinder propane-fueled two-stroke engine by Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV). The radial velocity component was measured at the center of one port at engine speeds of 600, 900, and 1200 rpm. Cylinder pressure was also recorded for both motoring and firing cycles. When plotted versus crankangle, it was observed that the intake flow ensemble-averaged mean velocities have a characteristic two-end-peak profile with peaks occurring just after the piston exposes or is about to block the measurement volume. The two peaks occurred at approximately the same crankangle in both the motoring and firing engines. At 600 rpm the two velocity end peaks in the fired engine are larger than the corresponding motored values by a factor of 1.73 to 2.26. The root mean square (rms) of velocity fluctuations are approximately equal for the motoring and firing engines within 20 degrees both sides of Bottom Dead Center (BDC). During the rest of the measurement period the firing rms values are greater. At 900 rpm the first peak in the fired engine is larger in magnitude by a factor of about 1.4 with the second peak being less than the corresponding motored engine values. The rms of velocity fluctuations is larger for the most part in the fired engine. At 1200 rpm the ensemble-averaged mean velocities for the two cases are similar in shape with the magnitude being larger for the fired engine in the first half of the intake process. The rms of velocity fluctuations is higher when fired. A backflow into the intake was observed at 600 rpm which decreased in strength and shifted in crankangle at 900 rpm. At 1200 rpm no backflow was observed.
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Date of Conferral
Romantic relationship satisfaction relates to better overall health, and identifying factors that affect relationship satisfaction could lead to better understanding of romantic relationships. This study examined the correlation between benevolent sexism, a subtle form of sexism resembling chivalry and relationship satisfaction; gender, age, ethnicity, religious beliefs, education, and length of time were also considered as moderators. The ambivalent sexism theory, which posits that sexism is ambivalent and ranges from hostile to benevolent sexism was the theoretical framework guiding this study. Previous research indicated benevolent sexism may predict relationship satisfaction. However, there remained an important gap in the literature; the demographic variables above had not been considered as moderators in those analyses. Thus, the purpose of this non-experimental study using data collected from a U.S. sample of adults who had been in romantic relationships for at least 1 year was to determine if such links existed. Correlation and regression analyses revealed that benevolent sexism, measured by the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory did not predict relationship satisfaction, measured by the Relationship Assessment Scale, and none of the demographic variables served as moderators. Results were trending toward significance though, suggesting that benevolent sexism might influence women's relationship satisfaction. Further research using longitudinal, mixed-method studies of dyads is recommended to gain a clearer understanding of this phenomenon. Findings would make important contributions to existing literature and enhance social change by providing professionals and individuals with awareness of how benevolent sexist attitudes may affect relationship satisfaction.


text:
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:Volltext verfügbar? / Dokumentlieferung
|Title:||Prediction of Synergistic Toxicity of Binary Mixtures to Vibrio fischeri Based on Biomolecular Interaction Networks|
|Title:||Chemical research in toxicology|
|Year of Publication:||2018|
|Publikation type:||Journal Article|
|Abstract:||The paradigm of chemical safety assessment is shifting from 'chemical management focusing on single chemicals' to 'product management extending to mixtures and articles'. However, because of the enormous combinatorial complexity, testing the toxicity of all conceivable mixture products is currently not feasible. There exist only few models that allow predicting the synergistic toxicity potentially caused by toxicological interactions among components. In this study, we present a novel approach to qualitatively predict the synergistic toxicity of binary mixtures to Vibrio fischeri. On the basis of information derived from protein-chemical and protein-protein interaction networks, we trained machine learning models for classifying chemical mixtures to have synergistic or nonsynergistic toxicity with accuracies and an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) up to 0.73. The numbers of shared targets and their neighborhood were found to be the most important features for classifying chemicals into synergistic and nonsynergistic groups.|
|DOI of the first publication:||10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00164|
|URL of the first publication:||_URL_
|Link to this record:||hdl:20.500.11880/28889|
|Date of registration:||20-Mar-2020|
|Faculty:||NT - Naturwissenschaftlich- Technische Fakultät|
|Department:||NT - Biowissenschaften|
|Professorship:||NT - Prof. Dr. Volkhard Helms|
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Jesus emerged in the sky: Rome Italy
Thousand of Europeans observed glowing and bright shine of Jesus emerging clouds out of the sky in Rome Italy. Moment strengthened the faith of Jesus in their Hearts like never before. many Europeans cried and put the list of wishes, desires, and problems to Jesus and asked for forgiveness. Many people claimed this as unicorn moment in their life and believed them as extremely lucky souls. They hoped Jesus noted there demands and wishes and they expect their life would be better in the future.
Roughly it happened 4 decades back in France Europe that time and people who witnessed had same reaction. They believe the generation who got a chance to witness this moment or in any other way considered as special people. This time in Italy hundreds of witnesses claims to have a better future after Jesus assure them to be blessed.
jesus 22.jpg
Dramatic pictures have emerged showing what looks like a glowing image of Jesus above an Italian town as sunlight broke through the clouds. Alfredo Lo Brutto, from Agropoli, Italy, captured the figure bursting through grey skies above the sea while at his home. The shape created by the spectacular light show, at sunset on Friday, seemed to resemble the renowned Christ the Redeemer statue in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Ethiopia - a Tourist Paradise
Ethiopia - a Tourist Paradise
Ethiopian culture is many-sided, reflecting the ethnic diversity of the country; with over 80 different ethnic groups priding themselves in their own individual language, culture and tradition
The Hammar are a tribal people in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region of Ethiopia. They live in Hamer Bena woreda (or district), a fertile part of the Omo River valley. They are largely pastoralists, so their culture places a high value on cattle. Cow jumping, this rite of passage for men coming of age must be done before a man is permitted to marry.
The man-to-be must "jump the cattle" four times to be successful and only castrated male cattle and cows may be used to jump over. This test is performed while naked (except for a few cords bound across the chest) as a symbol of the childhood he is about to leave behind him. On completion of this test, the young man joins the ranks of the maza - other men who have recently passed the same test and who spend the next few months of their lives supervising these events in villages throughout the Hamar territory. Unlike the Minoan bull-leaping, the cattle are held still by the maza, so the physical risk is limited.
Women commonly end up as the heads of families because they marry men who are much older than themselves while they are young. When her husband dies, she is left in control of the family's affairs and livestock. She is also in control of his younger brother's and their livestock if their parents are dead. Widows may not re-marry. One Hamar woman who had long since left the village and begun life in a larger town spoke out against the (whipping) practice as unfit for an educated person.
The ceremonies end with several days of feasting, including the typical jumping dances, accompanied by as much sorghum beer as the cow-jumper's family can provide to the visitors.
Mursi is the name of a closely related sedentary pastoral Nubian people whose language is over 80% cognate with Suri. They are located next to the Suri in the center of the Omo Region and the lowlands southwest of Jinka in Ethiopia. The Mursi do not regard themselves as Surma, despite the cultural and linguistic similarities. They have a macho culture, with an obsession for stick fighting called donga bringing great prestige to men - it is especially important when seeking a bride - and they are very competitive, at the risk of serious injury and occasional death. The males are often shaved bald, and frequently wear little or no clothes, even during stick fights.
Mursi Woman,
At a young age, to beautify themselves for marriage, most women have their bottom teeth removed and their bottom lips pierced, then stretched, so as to allow insertion of a clay lip plate. Some women have stretched their lips so as to allow plates up to five inches in diameter. With exposure to other cultures, however, a growing number of girls now refrain from this practice. The tribe's children are sometimes painted with white clay paint, which may be dotted on the face or body. Village life is largely communal, sharing the produce of the cattle (milk and blood, as do the Maasai ). Though their chief (styled komaro ) wears the fur crown of a pagan priest-king, he is merely the most respected elder and can be removed. Few are familiar with Amharic, the official language of Ethiopia, and their literacy level is very low.
The Amhara women wear dresses that are tight-bodied and full skirted. The dresses are bright white with colored embroidery and woven borders. Although originally most of the border designs were based on the varied design of the Ethiopian cross, These days you can see an array of fine-looking designs.
The Muslims of Harar wear colorful dress. The men often dress in red, purple or black. The women of Harar part their hair in the middle and make large buns behind their ears. Harari women have been known for their basketwork for centuries and still weave intricate creations from coloured fibers and grasses. Harar is also famous for the work of its silversmiths.
The Afar, most of whom occupy one of the most unfriendly desert or semi-desert areas in the world, have long been regarded as a fierce and warlike people. They are certainly proud and individualistic, and somehow manage to eke a living out of the challenging wilderness in which many of them live. The majority of the Afar are semi-nomadic pastoralists, but a minority have settled, notably those in the Aussa oasis. Almost all are Muslims, and are organized into confederacies of tribes, and clans. The nomads live in small, isolated groups with the camel as their beast of burden, and keep sheep, goats, and cattle.
The Anuak people are found in the Gambella region. The indigenous Anuak people are mainly fishermen in this region, and the crops they do grow, such as sorghum, does not reach its full potential because of the extremely basic methods employed. There are few large villages, as people prefer instead to group
The Oromo people comprise the largest ethnic group of approximately thirty million, they offer their products for sale in open markets. They produce the more familiar grains and vegetables of established agriculture. Coffee, one of the world's favorite beverages, is believed to have been 'born' in this region
The lowland Somali wear long, often brightly coloured cotton wraps, while some of the cattle-herders in the lake district have clothing made of skins.
The cornerstone of Konso culture, is highly specialized and successful agricultural economy that, through terracing buttressed with stone, enable them to extract a productive living from the none-too-fertile hills and valleys that surround them.
The women of Tigray wear dozens of plaits (shuruba) tightly braided to the head and fuzzing out at the shoulders. Young children often hav e their heads shaved, except for a tuft or a small tail of plaits, which are left so that if God calls them 'He will have a handle by which to lift them up to Heaven'.
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hbQT - GC - Qt Object Destruction
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In this section I will try to explain the foundations of hbQT, its variables life-cycle, Harbour GC interaction and Qt's own destruction mechanism.

As you all know, we are struggling to balance the Harbour GC behavior and Qt's object destruction, which, at times involves the same pointer. We have not been able to locate how GC should know when a pointer has been released by Qt. This has been all the more difficult because of the fact that Qt does not respect its own documentation where it states that if "new" and "delete" operators are overloaded by the application, the calls to obtain and free the pointers will be routed to application defined operators instead of Qt's own.

Strange fact is this that, "new" operator is always routed to Harbour's but "delete" operators behavior is inconsistent. Few objects are passes back to application's "delete" whereas most are not. I will try to explain hereunder how the things are moving inside these two nodes.

Let's start with a bare minimum example:

REQUEST HB_QT

STATIC s_events
STATIC s_slots

PROCEDURE Main()
 Local qApp, qWnd, qLabel, qBtn

 qApp := QApplication():new()

 s_events := QT_EVENTS_NEW()
 s_slots := QT_SLOTS_NEW()

 qWnd := QMainWindow():new()
 qWnd:setWindowTitle( "Harbour-Qt GC Diagram" )
 qWnd:resize( 900, 500 )

 qLabel := QLabel():new( qWnd )
 qLabel:setText( "Harbour" )
 qLabel:move( 100, 100 )
 qLabel:resize( 100, 50 )
 qLabel:show()

 qBtn := QPushButton():new( qWnd )
 qBtn:setText( "Message Box" )
 qBtn:move( 10, 10 )
 qBtn:resize( 100, 30 )
 Qt_Slots_Connect( s_slots, qBtn, "clicked()", ;
 {|| MyMessageBox( qWnd ) } )

 qWnd:Show()

 qApp:exec()

 Qt_Slots_DisConnect( s_slots, qBtn, "clicked()" )

 RETURN

FUNCTION MyMessageBox( qWnd )
 LOCAL qMB

 qMB := QMessageBox():new( qWnd )
 qMB:setInformativeText( "Harbour" )
 qMB:setWindowTitle( "Harbour-QT" )
 qMB:exec()

 RETURN NIL

In this example I will concentrate on function MyMessageBox() which when invoked by clicking on push button should produce a GPF on many systems with astonishingly different behavior with different C compilers and Qt's releases. If some event happens in a predictable way, it is subject to resolution sooner or later, but what if same is experienced by somebody and just passes away some others.

A thousand dollar question is - why GPF will appear for this very innocent code?
Simply because local variable oMB will go out of scope and GC will try to release its resources.
It seems funny but the fact is it happens like this only.

To trace down the flow of pointer's life cycle, this code must be compiled with -nohbcppmm hbMK2 flag and including cppmmstub.cpp outlined below. Also place some trace calls in "delete" group of functions to check if any of them is reached anytime.

Function new( size_t nSize ) is always reached with every type of Qt object, but delete( void * ptr ) is reached by some of the Qt objects but even those inconsistently depending upon the program flow.

If an application is linked with -nohbcppmm then probbaly no GPF will be produced at all. In such case if a lot of objects will be created assigned to local variables, those will never be get released and memory usage will keep up growing.

/* cppstub.cpp */

#include "hbapi.h"

const char * __hbmk2_hbcppmm( void )
{
 return "HBCPPMM";
}

void operator delete[]( void * ptr )
{
 if( ptr )
 {
 hb_xfree( ptr );
 }
}

void operator delete[]( void * ptr, size_t )
{
 if( ptr )
 {
 hb_xfree( ptr );
 }
}

void operator delete( void * ptr )
{
 if( ptr )
 {
 hb_xfree( ptr );
 }
}

void operator delete( void * ptr, size_t nSize )
{
 if( ptr )
 {
 hb_xfree( ptr );
 }
}

void * operator new( size_t nSize )
{
 if( nSize == 0 )
 {
 nSize = 1;
 }
 return hb_xgrab( nSize );
}

qMB := QMessageBox():new( qWnd )

void * hbqt_gcAllocate_QMessageBox( void * pObj, bool bNew )
{
 QGC_POINTER_QMessageBox * p = ( QGC_POINTER_QMessageBox * ) hb_gcAllocate( sizeof( QGC_POINTER_QMessageBox ), hbqt_gcFuncs() );

 p->ph = pObj;
 p->bNew = bNew;
 p->func = hbqt_gcRelease_QMessageBox;

 if( bNew )
 {
 new( & p->pq ) QPointer< QMessageBox >( ( QMessageBox * ) pObj );
 }
 return p;
}

HB_FUNC( QT_QMESSAGEBOX )
{
 void * pObj = NULL;

 pObj = ( QMessageBox* ) new QMessageBox() ; /* This call is routed to our overloaded function - operator new( size_t nSize ) */

 hb_retptrGC( hbqt_gcAllocate_QMessageBox( pObj, true ) );
}

pPtr instance variable of qMB is now populated with GC collectible pointer.
When the function will terminate, either pressing "X" on messagebox or clicking "Ok" button, GC will try to free oMB:pPtr and following function will be called:

QT_G_FUNC( hbqt_gcRelease_QMessageBox )
{
 QGC_POINTER_QMessageBox * p = ( QGC_POINTER_QMessageBox * ) Cargo;

 if( p && p->bNew )
 {
 if( p->ph && p->pq )
 {
 const QMetaObject * m = ( ( QObject * ) p->ph )->metaObject();
 if( ( QString ) m->className() != ( QString ) "QObject" )
 {
 HB_TRACE( HB_TR_DEBUG, ( "YES_rel_QMessageBox /.\\ ph=%p pq=%p", p->ph, (void *)(p->pq) ) );

 delete ( ( QMessageBox * ) p->ph ); /* We will always reach here and then will appear GPF */
 /* because p->ph gets released by QT which is validated by p->pq becoming NULL */
 /* but p->ph retains the value as is and hence GC tries to free it again which infact is already released */
 /* Please note that all our checks to prevent it are intact to have a valid pointer but still... */

 /* Infact, at this point Qt's own delete() operator is called ( and must be called ) as delete ( ( QMessageBox * ) ptr ) it would been defined in Qt headers */

 HB_TRACE( HB_TR_DEBUG, ( "YES_rel_QMessageBox \\./ ph=%p pq=%p", p->ph, (void *)(p->pq) ) ); // This is never reached
 p->ph = NULL;
 }
 }
 }
}

This is simplest of the examples to trap GPF and its course and it does not use any of the other so-called "hacks" in hbQT implementation.
Probably, Przemek can look into this deeply and can traceout the issue. If we do it here we will be very near the real issue. This will produce GPF on OS


are as follows:
 - As features in a geodatabase
 - As elements in a graphics layer
 - As proprietary data structure
The best choice depends on where in the drawing order your events need to draw, whether you want to use standard rendering objects, and whether or not you need to support a proprietary data format.
In all cases, the standard invalidation model of drawing should be used. That is, create an object that draws (layer, graphic element, or event handler), plug it into your map, and call IActiveView.PartialRefresh when you want it to draw.
Animation support
IViewRefresh makes it easy to quickly refresh the display to show live objects. Clients should use AnimationRefresh rather than PartialRefresh to invalidate their custom drawing object. For example, you can store live features using a layer with its own display cache. Animation is accomplished by moving features, invalidating the layer (with AnimationRefresh), and allowing redraw to occur naturally. When AnimationRefresh is used instead of PartialRefresh, the following optimizations and tradeoffs are enabled:
 - Text anti-aliasing is temporarily disabled. This prevents labels from being redrawn each time the animation layer is invalidated. Anti-aliased text uses the background as part of its rendering so typically, when anything below it changes, the text must draw from scratch.
 - Transparent layers above the animation layer are not automatically invalidated with the animation layer. This speeds up the redraw with the following limitation: Features in the animation layer will no longer show through the transparent layer above it.
 - All drawing is directed to the recording cache HDC rather than the window. This causes drawing to occur behind the scenes. When drawing is complete, the window is updated once from the completed recording cache. The result is less flashing.
To avoid excessive central processing unit (CPU) consumption during rapid drawing, you can make a call to UpdateWindow between invalidating old location and invalidating new location.
For additional information, see the following topics:
The display objects define a generic IDraw interface, which makes it easy to draw to any display. As long as you use IDraw or IDisplay to implement your drawing code, it doesn't matter what kind of device you're drawing to. A drawing sequence starts with StartDrawing and ends with FinishDrawing. For example, create a routine that builds one polygon in the center of the screen and draws it. The shape is drawn using the default symbol.
Adding display caching
Some drawing sequences can take a while to complete. A simple way to optimize your application is to enable display caching. This refers to the ScreenDisplay's ability to record your drawing sequence into a bitmap, then use the bitmap to refresh the picture box's window whenever the Paint method is called. The cache is used until your data changes and you call IScreenDisplay.Invalidate to indicate that the cache is invalid. There are two kinds of caches: recording caches and user-allocated caches. Use recording to implement a display cache in the sample application's Paint method.
Pan, zoom, and rotate
A powerful feature of the display objects is the ability to zoom in and out on your drawing. It's easy to implement tools that let you zoom in and out or pan. Scrolling is handled automatically. To zoom in and out on your drawing, simply set your display's visible extent. For example, add a command button to the form and place the code (which zooms the screen by a fixed amount) in the Click event of the button.
Printing is similar to drawing to the screen. Since you don't cache or scroll when drawing to the printer, SimpleDisplay can be used. Create a SimpleDisplay object and initialize its transform by copying the ScreenDisplay's transform. Set the printer transformation's device frame to the pixel bounds of the printer page. Finally, draw from scratch using SimpleDisplay and the printer's HDC.
Output to a metafile
There's little difference between creating a metafile and printing. If you specify zero (0) as the Bounds parameter to CreateEnhMetaFile, MyDraw can be used. Substitute hMetafileDC for hPrinterDC. To specify a bounds to CreateEnhMetaFile (in HIMETRIC units), set the display transformation's device frame to the pixel version of the same rectangle.
Print to a frame
Some projects require that output be directed to a sub-rectangle of the output device. It's easy to handle this by setting the display transformation's device frame to a pixel bounds that is less than the full device extent.
Advanced drawing effects, such as color transparency, can be accomplished using display filters. Filters work with a display cache to allow a rasterized version of a drawing to be manipulated. When a filter is specified to the display, the display creates an internal filter cache that is used with the recording cache to provide raster info to the filter. Output is routed to the filter cache until the filter is cleared. At that point, the display calls IDisplayFilter.Apply. Apply receives the current background bitmap (recording cache), the drawing cache (containing the drawing that occurred since the filter was specified), and the destination HDC. The transparency filter performs alpha blending on these bitmaps and draws them to the destination HDC to achieve color transparency. New filters can be created to realize other effects.
For additional information, see Display events.
For further information see:
How to add display caching
Sample: Triangle graphic element
Dynamic display
The ArcGIS Display subsystem manages map display and refresh. Intensive map rendering and unsynchronized display refresh can lead to CPU overload. CPU overload can delay or even prevent display refresh and user interaction with the display. The dynamic display technology moves graphics-intensive rendering from the CPU to the graphics hardware and significantly improves performance.
The following table gives a brief description of the dynamic display interfaces in the Display library:
DynamicDisplay provides the mechanism to draw different geographical geometries on the map in addition to providing access to DynamicGlyphFactory.
DynamicDrawScreen is used to draw geometries on the map using screen coordinates. DynamicDrawScreen use is similar to DynamicDisplay, where you first set the symbol's properties using DynamicSymbolProperties, then use DynamicDrawScreen to draw the geometry.
DynamicGlyphFactory is used to manage DynamicGlyphs. With DynamicGlyphFactory, you can get, create, and delete DynamicGlyphs. This means that you can use either standard ArcObjects symbols (such as character marker symbols, text symbols, image symbols, and so on) or external resources (such as icons and bitmaps). In addition, DynamicGlyphs can be created from dynamic glyph groups, which are actually a mosaic image of several glyphs where each glyph is mapped to a specific location in the mosaic. Using DynamicGlyphs from a glyphs group results in better drawing performance since there is only one OpenGL texture created for an entire group. The dynamic display includes an internal default glyphs group; however, you can use your own glyphs groups and load and unload them using DynamicGlyphFactory.
DynamicSymbolProperties allows you to set various properties of the active symbol, such as color, scale, heading, and glyph. The idea behind DynamicDisplay is that at any given time, it has an active symbol for points, lines, and text. With DynamicSymbolProperties, you can control this symbol before drawing it to the map.
To draw marker symbols with labels (or attributes) surrounding them, use IDynamicCompoundMarker2, which allows you to draw both the marker symbol and its attributes at the same call. It provides the option to draw from 1 to 10 attributes around the marker symbol and allows you to control the offset from the marker to the text.
A dynamic glyph handles the resource needed to be rendered by the DynamicSymbol. This can be a resource for a line, marker, or text. DynamicGlyphs are managed by DynamicGlyphFactory.
The IDynamicMap interface is used to control DynamicDisplay. The interface is used to enable and disable DynamicDisplay and to control global properties of the dynamic map.
DynamicMap can be enabled using the IDynamicMap interface, which is implemented by the Map class. Use IDynamicMap to enable or disable the dynamic display. When enabled, the dynamic display creates an OpenGL rendering context to draw the basic map layers, as well as the dynamic layers that are drawn on top of the base layers.
For information on switching between dynamic and standard map modes, see the section Using the dynamic display to enable the dynamic map in the topic Best practices for using dynamic display.
Color is used in many places in ArcGIS applications - in feature and graphics symbols, as properties set in renderers, as the background for ArcMap or ArcCatalog windows, and as properties of a raster image. The type of color model used in each of these circumstances varies. For example, a window background is defined in terms of a red, green, blue (RGB) color because display monitors are based on the RGB model. A map made ready for offset-press publication would have cyan, magenta, yellow, and black (CMYK) colors to match the printer's inks.
The color objects are shown in the following diagram:
Color can be represented using a number of different models, which often reflect the ways in which colors can be created in the real world.
The RGB color model is based on the primary colors of light - red, green, and blue. When red, green, and blue rays of light coincide, white light is created. The RGB color model is termed additive, as adding the components together creates light. By displaying pixels of red, green, and blue light, your computer monitor can portray hundreds, thousands, even millions of different colors. To define a color as an RGB value, you give a separate value to the