evaluations of containers under various loading conditions. Reflection considerations used for evaluating the safety of storage arrays of fissile material are not as well established. When evaluating arrays, it has become more common for analysts to use calculations to demonstrate the safety of the array configuration. In performing these calculations, the analyst has considerable freedom concerning the assumptions made for modeling the reflection of the array. Considerations are given for the physical layout of the array with little or no discussion (or demonstration) of what conditions are bounded by the assumed reflection conditions. For example, an array may be generically evaluated by placing it in a corner of a room in which the opposing walls are far away. Typically, it is believed that complete flooding of the room is incredible, so the array is evaluated for various levels of water mist interspersed among array containers. This paper discusses some assumptions that are made regarding storage array reflection
 4. Reflective optics
 CERN Document Server
 Korsch, Dietrich
 1991-01-01
 This is the first book dedicated exclusively to all-reflective imaging systems. It is a teaching tool as well as a practical design tool for anyone who specializes in optics, particularly for those interested in telescopes, infrared, and grazing-incidence systems. The first part of the book describes a unified geometric optical theory of all-reflective imaging systems (from near-normal to grazing incidence) developed from basic principles. The second part discusses correction methods and a multitude of closed-form solutions of well-corrected systems, supplemented with many conventional and unc
 5. X-ray diffraction patterns of single crystals implanted with high-energy light ions
 International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
 Wieteska, K.
 1998-01-01
 X-ray diffraction patterns of silicon and gallium arsenide single crystals implanted with high-energy protons and α-particles were studied. A various models of lattice parameter changes were analysed. The agreement between the simulation and experiment proves that the lattice parameter depth-distribution can be assumed to be proportional to vacancy distribution obtained by Monte-Carlo method and from the Biersack-Ziegler theory. Most of the X-ray experiments were performed using synchrotron source of X-ray radiation in particular in the case of back-reflection and transmission section topographic methods. The new method of direct determination of the implanted ion ranges was proposed using synchrotron radiation back-reflection section topography. A number of new interference phenomena was revealed and explained. These interferences are important in the applications of diffraction theory in studying of the real structure of implanted layers. (author)
 6. Study of wide band-gap crystal LiCaAlF6 by IR-reflection spectroscopy and ab initio calculations
 International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
 Novikova, N.N.; Klimin, S.A.; Mavrin, B.N.
 2017-01-01
 Polarized IR-reflection spectra and results of ab initio calculations of vibrational and electronic properties of LiCaAlF6 single crystal are presented. It is shown that the crystal band gap is direct. Experimental and theoretical parameters are obtained for dipole-active and all phonons, respectively, including silent modes. Experimental IR-reflection and Raman spectra are well described in the frame of results obtained by ab initio calculations. The peculiarities are discussed concerning the structure of electronic bands, the interatomic interactions, the character of lattice vibrations, and the phonon dispersion.
 7. Representation theory of lattice current algebras
 International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
 Alekseev, A.Yu.; Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule, Zurich; Faddeev, L.D.; Froehlich, L.D.; Schomerus, V.; Kyoto Univ.
 1996-04-01
 Lattice current algebras were introduced as a regularization of the left-and right moving degrees of freedom in the WZNW model. They provide examples of lattice theories with a local quantum symmetry U q (G). Their representation theory is studied in detail. In particular, we construct all irreducible representations along with a lattice analogue of the fusion product for representations of the lattice current algebra. It is shown that for an arbitrary number of lattice sites, the representation categories of the lattice current algebras agree with their continuum counterparts. (orig.)
 8. Lattice Boltzmann simulations of pressure-driven flows in microchannels using Navier–Maxwell slip boundary conditions
 KAUST Repository
 Reis, Tim; Dellar, Paul J.
 2012-01-01
 lattice Boltzmann formulations cannot capture Knudsen boundary layers, we replace the usual discrete analogs of the specular diffuse reflection conditions from continuous kinetic theory with a moment-based implementation of the first-order Navier
 9. Vortex lattice melting, pinning and kinetics
 International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
 Doniach, S.; Ryu, S.; Kapitulnik, A.
 1994-01-01
 The phenomenology of the high T c superconductors is discussed both at the level of the thermodynamics of melting of the Abrikosov flux lattice and in terms of the melting and kinetics of the flux lattice for a pinned system. The authors review results on 3D melting obtained by a Monte Carlo simulation approach in which the 2D open-quotes pancakeclose quotes vortices are treated as statistical variables. The authors discuss pinning in the context of the strong pinning regime in which the vortex density given in terms of the applied field B is small compared to that represented by an effective field B pin measuring the pinning center density. The authors introduce a new criterion for the unfreezing of a vortex glass on increase of magnetic field or temperature, in the strong pinning, small field unit. The authors model this limit in terms of a single flux line interacting with a columnar pin. This model is studied both analytically and by computer simulation. By applying a tilt potential, the authors study the kinetics of the vortex motion in an external current and show that the resulting current-voltage characteristic follows a basic vortex glass-like scaling relation in the vicinity of the depinning transition
 10. Computers for lattice field theories
 International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
 Iwasaki, Y.
 1994-01-01
 Parallel computers dedicated to lattice field theories are reviewed with emphasis on the three recent projects, the Teraflops project in the US, the CP-PACS project in Japan and the 0.5-Teraflops project in the US. Some new commercial parallel computers are also discussed. Recent development of semiconductor technologies is briefly surveyed in relation to possible approaches toward Teraflops computers. (orig.)
 11. Synthesis of spatially variant lattices.
 Science.gov (United States)
 Rumpf, Raymond C; Pazos, Javier
 2012-07-02
 It is often desired to functionally grade and/or spatially vary a periodic structure like a photonic crystal or metamaterial, yet no general method for doing this has been offered in the literature. A straightforward procedure is described here that allows many properties of the lattice to be spatially varied at the same time while producing a final lattice that is still smooth and continuous. Properties include unit cell orientation, lattice spacing, fill fraction, and more. This adds many degrees of freedom to a design such as spatially varying the orientation to exploit directional phenomena. The method is not a coordinate transformation technique so it can more easily produce complicated and arbitrary spatial variance. To demonstrate, the algorithm is used to synthesize a spatially variant self-collimating photonic crystal to flow a Gaussian beam around a 90° bend. The performance of the structure was confirmed through simulation and it showed virtually no scattering around the bend that would have arisen if the lattice had defects or discontinuities.
 12. From lattice gases to polymers
 NARCIS (Netherlands)
 Frenkel, D.
 1990-01-01
 The modification of a technique that was developed to study time correlations in lattice-gas cellular automata to facilitate the numerical simulation of chain molecules is described. As an example, the calculation of the excess chemical potential of an ideal polymer in a dense colloidal
 13. Flavor extrapolation in lattice QCD
 International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
 Duffy, W.C.
 1984-01-01
 Explicit calculation of the effect of virtual quark-antiquark pairs in lattice QCD has eluded researchers. To include their effect explicitly one must calculate the determinant of the fermion-fermion coupling matrix. Owing to the large number of sites in a continuum limit size lattice, direct evaluation of this term requires an unrealistic amount of computer time. The effect of the virtual pairs can be approximated by ignoring this term and adjusting lattice couplings to reproduce experimental results. This procedure is called the valence approximation since it ignores all but the minimal number of quarks needed to describe hadrons. In this work the effect of the quark-antiquark pairs has been incorporated in a theory with an effective negative number of quark flavors contributing to the closed loops. Various particle masses and decay constants have been calculated for this theory and for one with no virtual pairs. The author attempts to extrapolate results towards positive numbers of quark flavors. The results show approximate agreement with experimental measurements and demonstrate the smoothness of lattice expectations in the number of quark flavors
 14. Nuclear physics on the lattice?
 International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
 Koonin, S.E.
 1985-01-01
 The goal of the paper is to try to adapt lattice gauge theory to build in some biases in order for being applicable to nuclear physics. In so


text:
Department of Integrative Studies
Divine Mercy University's (DMU) Department of Integrative Studies (DIS) promotes creative reflection, conferences, and publications that develop an integrated theoretical understanding of the human person, family, and society. It seeks to apply this vision of the person to research, formation, and practice in the fields of psychology, counseling, and mental health. From within the context of a multidisciplinary dialogue with contemporary scholarship, its projects seek to renew the Christian intellectual tradition and remain faithful to the rich teaching of the Catholic Church.
The Department of Integrative Studies' faculty is comprised of philosophers, theologians, psychologists, psychotherapists, and counselors.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The swirl diffuser of the VD series consists of a cylindrical swirl element with a room-sided closed surface and a round outlet diffuser. The connection to the ventilation system can be done directly or via connection box. The model's VD-2D swirl diffuser is especially well suited for the usage in rooms with high humidity. By using a special plenum box with an integrated opposing swirl-element of the VD series, additional ventilation of the intermediate ceiling area can be achieved.
FUNCTION AND EFFECT
The internal cylindrical swirl element in connection with the outflow diffuser creates an exceptionally stable and flat horizontal swirl flow. This flow occurs independently of the way it is mounted (flush to ceiling or freely suspended). As a result of the induction effect, air velocity and temperature differences between supply air and room air are reduced rapidly.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Do you want to learn how to clean your rabbits' feet?
Rabbits are known for their impeccable grooming habits. However, there are certain areas, such as their feet, that they may struggle to keep clean on their own. This can lead to several health problems, including sore hocks and infections.
In this article, we'll let you know how to effectively clean your rabbit's feet and the importance of doing so regularly.
Why Clean a Rabbit's Feet?
Cleaning a rabbit's feet is essential to their overall health and well-being.
Their feet can become soiled with urine, feces, or other types of dirt, which can lead to bacterial infections if left uncleaned.
Moreover, excessive moisture or dirt can cause sore hocks, a painful condition where the fur on the bottom of a rabbit's feet wears away, leading to raw, exposed skin.
By regularly cleaning your rabbit's feet, you can help prevent these issues and keep your bunny healthy.
Before you start cleaning your rabbit's feet, ensure you have the following tools:
- A soft cloth or baby wipes (fragrance-free)
- Warm water
- Towel for drying
- Antiseptic cream or powder (consult your vet for suitable options)
- A comfortable, non-slip surface to work on
How To Clean Rabbits Feet?
Here are the step-by-step guides to follow:
Step 1: Prepare the Cleaning Area
Start by laying out a comfortable, non-slip surface where you can work on cleaning your rabbit's feet.
This could be a table with a towel or mat on top.
Having a non-slip surface would prevent the rabbit from slipping and injuring itself during the cleaning process.
Step 2: Secure the Rabbit
Hold your rabbit gently but firmly to avoid any sudden movements. Make sure to support its hindquarters and keep it calm by stroking it gently.
Step 3: Inspect the Feet
Before cleaning, inspect your rabbit's feet for any signs of injury, sores, or abnormalities. If you notice anything unusual, consult your vet before proceeding with the cleaning.
Step 4: Clean the Feet with a Damp Cloth
Dip a soft cloth or use a baby wipe to gently clean the rabbit's feet. Be sure to clean between the toes and around the nails, where dirt can accumulate.
Avoid using any harsh chemicals or soap as these can irritate the skin.
Step 5: Dry the Feet
After cleaning, you should thoroughly dry your rabbit's feet.
Any lingering moisture can provide a breeding ground for bacteria and lead to infections or sore hocks. Use a soft towel to pat the feet dry gently.
Step 6: Apply Antiseptic Cream or Powder
Once the feet are dry, you can apply a small amount of antiseptic cream or powder.
This can help to prevent any potential infections. Always consult with your vet about suitable products for your rabbit.
Prevention is always better than cure. Here are some ways to prevent your rabbit's feet from getting dirty:
1. Regular Grooming
Regular grooming can help keep your rabbit clean and minimize the risk of soiled feet.
This includes brushing its fur to remove loose hair and checking its feet regularly for dirt or injuries.
2. Avoid Wet or Dirty Ground
Rabbits should not be kept on wet or dirty surfaces as these can lead to soiled feet and related health problems.
Make sure your rabbit's living area is dry and clean at all times.
3. Provide a Clean Living Environment
A clean living environment is crucial for your rabbit's overall health.
This includes regularly cleaning their hutch or cage, replacing bedding frequently, and ensuring they have access to clean food and water.
Cleaning Other Areas
Cleaning your rabbit's feet is important, But maintaining their overall cleanliness is much more important.
This includes brushing their fur regularly to remove loose hair, checking their ears for any signs of mites or infection, and monitoring their eyes for any discharge or redness.
Additionally, rabbits' teeth continuously grow throughout their lives, so you should provide them with plenty of hay and chew toys to prevent their teeth from overgrowing.
Occasionally, dental check-ups might be necessary to ensure their teeth are in good shape.
Here are some frequently asked questions.
Why Are My Bunnies Feet So Dirty?
A rabbit's feet can get dirty due to various reasons such as unclean cages, muddy outdoor play, or health issues like diarrhea.
If the cage isn't cleaned regularly, feces and urine can build up, leading to dirty feet. Also, if your rabbit spends time outdoors, it can track in dirt or mud.
Can I Use Baby Wipes On Rabbits Feet?
Yes, you can use baby wipes to clean your rabbit's feet, but make sure they are unscented and alcohol-free.
Don't force your rabbit if they are uncomfortable, and ensure they are completely dry afterward to avoid chilling.
Do Rabbits Clean Their Own Feet?
Rabbits are generally clean animals and will groom themselves, including their feet. However, sometimes they may need assistance, especially if they've stepped on something, particularly dirty or sticky.
How To Clean Rabbits Feet With Vinegar?
For more thorough cleaning, you can use a diluted solution of white vinegar and water (1:1 ratio).
Dip a soft cloth into the solution, then gently wipe your rabbit's feet.
Be careful not to let the solution get into any open wounds or scratches. Also, make sure to dry your rabbit's feet thoroughly afterward.
How To Clean Rabbits Feet At Home?
Aside from using baby wipes or a vinegar solution, you can also use warm water and a soft cloth to clean your rabbit's feet.
Always be gentle, and make sure to thoroughly dry your rabbit's feet after cleaning them.
How To Clean Rabbits Feet For Show?
For show rabbits, you should keep their feet and fur clean and well-groomed.
There's not much difference from what we have outlined above for non-show rabbits.
Cleaning your rabbit's feet is a simple but important part of their care routine.
It not only helps to prevent health issues but also provides an opportunity for you to check for any potential problems.
With the right tools and a gentle touch, you can ensure your rabbit stays healthy and clean.
We hope this article helped you know how to clean rabbits' feet. If you have any further questions, comment below and we will answer them.


text:
Asia in Iberian Converso Literature
What does Asia represent to Iberian Christian writers of Jewish descent in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries? How do Iberian conversos represent their identities through their writings on Asia? How do the depictions of different Asian people come into play in these authors¿ notion of personal identities and nationhood? This course examines how early modern Iberian authors of Jewish heritage imagined and represented Asia in their writings, how their representation of the non-European world dialogues with contemporary events in the Iberian Peninsular, and the significance of their notions of Asians. Upon the successful completion of the course, students will full fill Gen Ed requirements (WB and LA) and gain a better understanding of Iberian converso culture in a transoceanic and multicultural frame, in addition to acquiring a good knowledge of early modern European notions of Asia.
Students may also register for this course under ASIA 71.001.


Static Field Modeling of a Halbach Rotor
Model ID: 14369
This model presents the static field modeling of an outward flux focusing magnetic rotor using permanent magnets. This magnetic rotor is also often called a Halbach rotor. The use of permanent magnets in rotatory devices such as motors, generators and magnetic gears is increasing. The accurate modeling of a permanent magnets fields is important. This model illustrates how to calculate the magnetic field of a 3D rotor by modeling only a single pole of the rotor using the symmetry feature.
Download
请先登录您的 COMSOL Access 帐户，然后下载文件。*


text:
George O'Connor, Journey into Mohawk Country
Sometimes while doing research for Journey into Mohawk Country I was frustrated to find that there was simply no information that existed on a topic. A case in point was the subject of Mohawk armor.
In the journals of Harmen van den Bogaert that serve as the text for Mohawk Country, there is a major episode where the three Dutch explorers are witness to a mock battle between two groups of the Mohawk, some of whom wear the aforementioned armor. This armor, made of woven twigs and cords, was discarded by the Iroquois as a group soon after their initial encounters with Europeans (as it was unfortunately not bulletproof) and, to the best of my knowledge, no examples survive.
Furthermore, no picture or drawing of Mohawk armor exists, only a few written descriptions. The closest I could find to a depiction of Mohawk armor were two rather poorly drawn early seventeenth century woodcuts of Huron armor (my sketch of one of them accompanies this text). The Huron were the Mohawk's neighbors (and longtime enemies) to the north, and shared many similar customs, as well as a similar language. Lacking any other source to go on, I drew the Mohawk warriors wearing Huronesque armor. Maybe it's close to what they actually wore, maybe it's not. It goes to show how quickly things changed for the Native Americans after first contact. No one thought to record what their armor looked like and then it was gone forever.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
At first glance, the Suyo Long cucumber may look rather unconventional compared to the average cuke. Regardless, this long, prickly, tasty fruit deserves a spot in your fridge or home garden.
Keep reading to learn all about these delicious cucumbers, including what they taste like and how to grow them!
History of the Suyo Long Cucumber
While the first cucumbers were found in India roughly 3,000 years ago, Suyo Long arrived a few hundred years later. This heirloom cucumber is believed to have originated in China around 100 BC.
Naturally, the Chinese would use Suyo Long and other native varieties in medicine, due to their many health benefits. Today, the cucumber is used in the same way but also throughout Sichuan and Taiwanese cuisine.
Over the years, they have become especially popular throughout home gardens, as they are relatively easy to grow. Suyo Long is not only heat tolerant but also resistant to downy mildew and other common diseases.
Characteristics of Suyo Long Cucumbers
The Suyo Long cucumber has an appearance unlike that of any other cucumber. At full maturity, it typically measures 10"–16" long but may grow up to 18" in some gardens. The cucumber is known for its distinct C-shaped or S-shaped curve and often draws comparisons to the painted serpent cucumber.
As for the cucumber's color, Suyo Long is primarily dark green throughout. There may be shades of light green or white around the fruit's ribs or towards the ends.
The Suyo Long cucumber is a burpless variety, so it has no trace of acidity or bitterness. Its flavor is mild and even slightly sweet.
While somewhat tender, Suyo Long still possesses the crispness and satisfying snap that you might expect from a cucumber. Its thin, bumpy, and ribbed skin is covered with small prickles that can be removed by hand.
About the Suyo Long Cucumber
Suyo Long cucumbers are slicers, meaning they are best used for raw eating, salads, and sandwiches. While you can pickle them, they are not traditional pickling cucumbers. Due to their length, you will likely need to chop them before jarring them.
Because these cucumbers have a relatively short shelf life, you should aim to use them shortly after they are picked. They will last roughly one to two weeks in the refrigerator before spoiling.
Suyo Long cucumbers are packed with various nutrients. In addition to vitamins A, B, and C, these fruits contain calcium, manganese, magnesium, and zinc. Especially rich in antioxidants, they are often used to promote healthy skin. They can even be applied topically for inflammatory purposes.
The cucumber is also a popular low-calorie snack for those who are wanting to lose weight. As is it high in both fiber and water, it can help regulate digestion and hydrate the body.
While these cucumbers are mostly used for fresh eating, salads, and chilled soups, you can also add them to certain hot recipes.
Suyo Long is especially popular throughout Sichuan, Japanese, Taiwanese, and Korean cuisine. Work them into a stir-fry or feature them in the sweet-and-sour cucumber side!
If you want to grow your own Suyo Long cucumbers, there are a few things to consider before you start.
First, these cucumbers are warm-weather fruits and are best grown in USDA zones 4–12. For the best results, wait until the last frost has passed and once temperatures are consistently 70 degrees or higher. This will typically occur around mid-April or early May.
When preparing your garden bed, keep in mind that Suyo Long cucumbers are heavy feeders that require rich, fertile soil. Use both compost and an organic fertilizer throughout the area.
Since Suyo Long is a vining plant, consider providing a trellis for it to climb. Doing this will not only conserve space in your garden but it may also yield straighter fruit.
Once you are ready to sow, space groups of three or four seeds roughly two to three feet apart. Cover them with approximately ½" of fertile soil and offer one inch of water per week. While Suyo Long requires six hours of full sunlight per day, partially shading the area when temperatures are especially high.
Seeds will typically germinate between five and seven days, as long as soil temperatures remain above 60 degrees. Your cucumbers will reach maturity in approximately 60–70 days—as early as July and as late as September.
Cucumbers perform best when they are planted outdoors. If you need to begin production early, however, plant your seeds indoors no more than 3–4 weeks out from transplanting. This will allow you to move the seedlings before their roots take hold, preventing shock to the root system.
Plant a few seeds per cell and keep temperatures in the 60–80 degree range. When moving your Suyo Long plants outdoors, use compost and fertilizer liberally. Gradually increase exposure to sunlight, and water consistently to prevent any deformities.
Suyo Long cucumbers reach maturity around July and August, and sometimes up until mid-September. They are usually ready to pick once they measure 10"–12" long or once their skin has become ribbed.
Keep in mind that Suyo Long cucumbers need to be harvested quickly once they have ripened. If they are left on the vine and turn a shade of yellow, the plant may stop producing fruit entirely.
Where to Buy Suyo Long Cucumbers
Because most supermarkets are stocked with American and European varieties, Suyo Long may not be available at your local grocery. If you can't spot Suyo Long at a nearby farmers market, you may need to grow your own.
Fortunately, seeds are easy to find and purchase online. True Leaf Market sells Suyo Long cucumber seeds!
Wrapping Up Suyo Long Cucumbers
Ready to try Suyo Long cucumbers in your next salad or chilled soup? If you plan to grow them in your home garden, these sweet, burpless cucumbers are worth the wait.
Ready to continue discovering these funky fresh vegetables? Then learn more about cucumbers by checking out my planting guides, recipe tips, brand suggestions, and more!


text:
A Nativity scene is a simple reminder of "God's tender love" and "helps us to relive the history of what took place in Bethlehem", Pope Francis said in a letter on the meaning and importance of setting up Christmas cribs.
Pope Francis has written an Apostolic Letter on the meaning and importance of the nativity scene. He signed the Letter during his visit on Sunday afternoon to the Italian town of Greccio.
Greccio is the mountain village where Saint Francis of Assisi created the first crib scene in 1223 to commemorate the birth of Jesus. Pope Francis returned to the town on Sunday to deliver his Apostolic Letter entitled, "Admirabile signum".


teotomy techniques have been developed to correct the deformity caused by slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) and compared by their clinical outcomes. The aim of the presented study was to compare an intertrochanteric uniplanar flexion osteotomy with a multiplanar osteotomy by their ability to improve postoperative range of motion as measured by simulation of computed tomographic data in patients with SCFE. METHODS: We examined 19 patients with moderate or severe SCFE as classified based on slippage angle. A computer program for the simulation of movement and osteotomy developed in our laboratory was used for study execution. According to a 3-dimensional reconstruction of the computed tomographic data, the physiological range was determined by flexion, abduction, and internal rotation. The multiplanar osteotomy was compared with the uniplanar flexion osteotomy. Both intertrochanteric osteotomy techniques were simulated, and the improvements of the movement range were assessed and compared. RESULTS: The mean slipping and thus correction angles measured were 25 degrees (range, 8-46 degrees) inferior and 54 degrees (range, 32-78 degrees) posterior. After the simulation of multiplanar osteotomy, the virtually measured ranges of motion as determined by bone-to-bone contact were 61 degrees for flexion, 57 degrees for abduction, and 66 degrees for internal rotation. The simulation of the uniplanar flexion osteotomy achieved a flexion of 63 degrees, an abduction of 36 degrees, and an internal rotation of 54 degrees. CONCLUSIONS: Apart from abduction, the improvement in the range of motion by a uniplanar flexion osteotomy is comparable with that of the multiplanar osteotomy. However, the improvement in flexion for the simulation of both techniques is not satisfactory with regard to the requirements of normal everyday life, in contrast to abduction and internal rotation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, Retrospective comparative study.}, keywords = {Adolescent, Child, Computer Simulation, Epiphyses, Slipped, Female, Femur, Humans, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Male, Osteotomy, Range of Motion, Articular, Recovery of Function, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Tomography, X-Ray Computed}, issn = {_PHONE_}, doi = {10.1097/BPO.0b013e3181a539da}, author = {Mamisch, Tallal Charles and Kim, Young-Jo and Richolt, Jens and Zilkens, Christoph and Kikinis, Ron and Millis, Michael and Kordelle, Jens} } @article {968006, title = {Regional white matter atrophy--based classification of multiple sclerosis in cross-sectional and longitudinal data}, journal = {AJNR Am J Neuroradiol}, volume = {30}, number = {9}, year = {2009}, month = {2009 Oct}, pages = {1731-9}, abstract = {BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The different clinical subtypes of multiple sclerosis (MS) may reflect underlying differences in affected neuroanatomic regions. Our aim was to analyze the effectiveness of jointly using the inferior subolivary medulla oblongata volume (MOV) and the cross-sectional area of the corpus callosum in distinguishing patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), and primary-progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed a cross-sectional dataset of 64 patients (30 RRMS, 14 SPMS, 20 PPMS) and a separate longitudinal dataset of 25 patients (114 MR imaging examinations). Twelve patients in the longitudinal dataset had converted from RRMS to SPMS. For all images, the MOV and corpus callosum were delineated manually and the corpus callosum was parcellated into 5 segments. Patients from the cross-sectional dataset were classified as RRMS, SPMS, or PPMS by using a decision tree algorithm with the following input features: brain parenchymal fraction, age, disease duration, MOV, total corpus callosum area and areas of 5 segments of the corpus callosum. To test the robustness of the classification technique, we applied the results derived from the cross-sectional analysis to the longitudinal dataset. RESULTS: MOV and central corpus callosum segment area were the 2 features retained by the decision tree. Patients with MOV >0.94 cm(3) were classified as having RRMS. Patients with progressive MS were further subclassified as having SPMS if the central corpus callosum segment area was , keywords = {Anatomy, Cross-Sectional, Atrophy, Brain, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Sclerosis, Nerve Fibers, Myelinated}, issn = {1936-959X}, doi = {10.3174/ajnr.A1659}, author = {Sampat, M P and Berger, A M and Healy, B C and Hildenbrand, P and Vass, J and Meier, D S and Chitnis, T and Weiner, H. L. and Bakshi, R. and Guttmann, C R G} } @article {967836, title = {Relationship Between White Matter Integrity, Attention, and Memory in Schizophrenia: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study}, journal = {Brain Imaging Behav}, volume = {3}, number = {2}, year = {2009}, month = {2009 Jun 01}, pages = {191-201}, abstract = {Attention and memory deficits are among the most prominent cognitive disturbances observed in schizophrenia. It has been suggested that a disruption in anatomical connectivity between areas involved in attentional control might be responsible for these abnormalities. We used Diffusion Tensor Tractography and Color Stroop/Negative Priming(NP) paradigm to investigate integrity of Cingulum Bundle(CB), the main white matter tract interconnecting these regions, and its relationship with executive functions in patients with schizophrenia and matched controls. The Fractional Anisotropy(FA), was calculated along the CB pathways, and correlated with reaction times for each Stroop item, and both Stroop, and NP effects. Patients with schizophrenia demonstrated decreased CB integrity and diminished NP effect, compared with controls, but both groups showed Stroop effect. For patients only, reaction times for every item, as well as for Stroop effect, correlated with left CB FA. These findings suggest that CB integrity disruptions might compromise the executive processes in schizophrenia.}, issn = {_PHONE_}, doi = {10.1007/s11682-_PHONE_-8}, author = {Kubicki, Marek and Niznikiewicz, Margaret and Connor, Elizabeth and Ungar, Lida and Nestor, Paul and Bouix, Sylvain and Dreusicke, Mark and Kikinis, Ron and McCarley, Robert and Shenton, Martha} } @article {968321, title = {Resolving crossings in the corticospinal tract by two-tensor streamline tractography: Method and clinical assessment using fMRI}, journal = {Neuroimage}, volume = {47 Suppl 2}, year = {2009}, month = {2009 Aug}, pages = {T98-106}, abstract = {An inherent drawback of the traditional diffusion tensor model is its limited ability to provide detailed information about multidirectional fiber architecture within a voxel. This leads to erroneous fiber tractography results in locations where fiber bundles cross each other. This may lead to the inability to visualize clinically important tracts such as the lateral projections of the corticospinal tract. In this report, we present a deterministic two-tensor eXtended Streamline Tractography (XST) technique, which successfully traces through regions of crossing fibers. We evaluated the method on simulated and in vivo human brain data, comparing the results with the traditional single-tensor and with a probabilistic tractography technique. By tracing the corticospinal tract and correlating with fMRI-determined motor cortex in both healthy subjects and patients with brain tumors, we demonstrate that two-tensor deterministic streamline tractography can accurately identify fiber bundles consistent with anatomy and previously not detected by conventional single-tensor tractography. When compared to the dense connectivity maps generated by probabilistic tractography, the method is computationally efficient and generates discrete geometric pathways that are simple to visualize and clinically useful. Detection of crossing white matter pathways can improve neurosurgical visualization of functionally relevant white matter areas.}, keywords = {Algorithms, Brain Neoplasms, Computer Simulation, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Theoretical, Motor Cortex, Probability, Pyramidal Tracts}, issn = {_PHONE_}, doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.06.034}, author = {Qazi, Arish A and Radmanesh, Alireza and O{\textquoteright}Donnell, Lauren and Kindlmann, Gordon and Peled, Sharon and Whalen, Stephen and Westin, Carl


text:
Boeing showcased its research with what it's calling the "Lightest. Metal. Ever." in a recent video. While it might be airy enough to sit on top of dandelion fluff without crushing it, the company says its " record-breaking lightness" packs a strong punch.
The microlattice metal being studied by Boeing's innovation arm is something it hopes could be used on planes and cars someday.
"The entire structure was basically 99.99 percent air," said Sophia Yang with HRL Laboratories, which is in a joint venture with Boeing.
Yang explained that the metal — "one of the strongest and lightest materials known to science," Boeing wrote — is similar to bone in its structure.
"In your bone structures, the outside of your bone is very rigid, but on the inside, it's actually mostly hollow," she said.
The microlattice design was introduced a few years ago, but Boeing and HRL are looking into how it could be applied to structures now.
"In the future, the material can help Boeing to save a lot of weight to make airplanes more fuel efficient," Yang said.
Watch this video from Boeing to learn more:
HRL Laboratories announced another possible application for the microlattice metal last year, that being inside football helmets as padding. HRL's company Architected Materials, Inc., and the University of California, Los Angeles, were awarded a $500,000 grant to test the material in helmets.


text:
The Black Sea Fleet's 318th Independent Composite Aviation Regiment has begun receiving Ka-31P AEW&C helicopters. The Ka-31P AEW&C can track foreign ships and aircraft from long distances, and laze targets for Kalibr, Oniks, and Tsikon missiles.
The Black Sea Fleet received the latest Ka-31P machines are deployed in the Crimea. Their equipment not only sees targets at a distance of hundreds of kilometers, but also provides a high-definition radar picture. The helo will be able to track NATO ships in the Black Sea. And most importantly – the helicopter is capable of aiming hypersonic missiles at the target.
The Ka-31P was originally designed to detect surface and air targets, including U.S. Harpoon missiles. It is also able to automatically transmit data on air and surface conditions to ground control posts, ships, and air defense control systems.
The new helo has target designation capability for Russian anti-ship missiles as well. In real-time, it can drive to the Kalibr and Onyx missiles. Recently, hypersonic Zircons have been added to this arsenal. Aiming with a helicopter of early warning radar (AWACS) increases the likelihood of an accurate hit of missiles and increases the lethality of their salvo.
The machine has a maximum take-off mass of 12.5 tons and a cruising flight speed of 220 km / h. The operational range of the helicopter is 700 km.


text:
Back to Matrikkelland records
Norwegian farms - some background information
by John Follesdal
As you search for your ancestors in various Norwegian records, you will soon find yourself focusing on specific farming communities in the rural areas of Norway. The reason for this is quite simple: Norway's population has historically lived in rural areas. One historian has estimated that in 1801 approximately 80 - 90% of the Norwegian population lived in rural areas. While the percentage of farmers decreased over the following decades, farmers still constituted 75% of Norway's population in 1865. Thus, even if you find that your ancestors who immigrated to the U.S. lived in a city when they left Norway, chances are pretty good that their parents or grandparents lived on a farm.
Fortunately, researching Norwegian ancestors in farming communities is fairly easy: almost all rural communities in Norway have published a bygdebok. (See my article on bygdebøker). These books contain a treasure trove of genealogy information and are fairly easy to use even if you do not speak Norwegian. Once you have read my article on bygdebøker, you should be able to read the portions of a bygdebok that pertain to your family without too much difficulty as long as you have a good Norwegian-English dictionary. (I would recommend Einar Haugen's dictionary, probably the best Norwegian-English dictionary currently available. You can purchase this from your local bookstore or through the Ancestors from Norway bookstore. You can also print out a copy of my Norwegian-English dictionary to use as a supplement to Einar Haugen's dictionary). Unfortunately there are some words in bygdebooks, probate records and other sources that dictionary definitions fail to explain adequately: landskyld, matrikkel, jorddrotte, leilending, husmann, and strandsitter are some examples. I have therefore decided to include this article on my web site in order to provide a more in depth discussion of these words.
The leilending (tenant farmer)
In the middle ages almost all Norwegian farm land was owned by the king, the church, and a few wealthy land owners. The church, for example, received considerable real estate as gifts in return for agreeing to provide a requiem mass in the memory of the donor. In an article on the medieval history of Nordnes (near Bergen), Helen Ravnanger provides an example of such church ownership:
As far as we can determine, the Munkeliv monastery was the wealthiest monastery in Norway in the high middle ages. Torward the latter part of the 1100's the monastery owned 97 farms in the western part of Norway. During the middle ages its land holdings increased such that in 1427 the monastery owned 330 farms, most of these in the western part of Norway. By European standards this was a relatively small holding, one could say almost poor, but by Norwegian standards it was a substantial land holding. Most of the income from these farms ended up in Bergen [where the monastery was located]..
The income that Helen Ravnanger discusses in her article was called landskyld. It originated in the late Viking ages to the early Middle ages and referred to the yearly payment that a leilending (a tenant farmer) would pay to the jorddrotte (a land owner who leased out his land to tenant farmers). The word leilending is made up of two words: the verb leie (to rent) and the noun land (land). The word jorddrotte, i.e., the landlord, is made up of the two nouns jord (soil) and drotte (king or chieftain). The term landskyld is also made up of two nouns: land (land) and skyld (a fee). In bygdebøker and other sources the word landskyld is often abbreviated as landsk. while the word leilending is often abbreviated L. (Note: the abbreviation l. (lower case l), on the other hand, is frequently used to refer to the old measurement laup).
The landskyld was payable in goods that the tenant farmer produced on the farm, i.e., cow hides, butter, fish, etc., and historians believe that the landskyld was originally set at 1/6th of the gross annual production of the farm. (It is important to keep in mind that the landskyld was based on the productivity of a farm and not directly on the size of the farm. It is generally not possible to calculate the size of a farm simply by using the landskyld). Historians have not been able to establish with certainty the exact date that the landskyld system first came into use, but they do know that the system was mentioned in King Magnus Lagabøte's law from1274.
Originally farms would be leased out under the landskyld system for one year at a time. Later on the term of the leases increased to three years. This did not mean that a tenant farmer would have to move every three years: it simply meant that the landlord had the right to take the farm back at the end of the lease term. In addition to the yearly landskyld a tenant farmer also had to pay a fee for førstebygsel ved brukerskifte (an additional fee each time a new tenant farmer took over a farm), and a tredjeårstake (a fee for renewing the lease every three years).
By using my Norwegian-English dictionary you should now be able to figure out what the following sentence from a bygdebok means: Landskylda var i 1626 1 l. 21/2 pd. smør og 1 sau..
The concentration of land ownership in Norway did not last long. In the century following the Black Death, the landskyld decreased sharply due to market forces and both the king and the church began to sell their land holdings to maintain their income. As one bygdebok author has noted:
Then came the Black Death in 1350. Perhaps 2/3 of the population in Norway died. Later on, in the 1300's and 1400's there were other plagues, so the population didn't really recover. But the farms lay there, abandoned. Most probably, those who survived moved onto the best farms in the center of their communities..... The result of this was that the land owners had to decrease the landskyld in order to rent out the farms. It has been established that the landskyld in Gudbrandsdalen in 1430 had decreased to a point where it was only 17% of the old landskyld, and that it decreased even further down to 13% around the year 1500. It remained at that level until the 1600's. This decrease in income to the landowners, the nobility, and the church, is perhaps the most important explanation as to why Norway was almost a province under Denmark for such a long time period - there was no economic base for a separate Norwegian governmental system..
By 1660 the king and the church had sold off a great deal of its land holdings, and in southern Norway, for example, almost a fifth of the land was owned by individual farmers. Helen Ravnanger explains that a key economic reason for these land sales was the Black Death: "The crises in the late middle ages led all landowners to suffer a dramatic decrease in the income they received from leasing out their land. Despite its wealth, the Munkeliv monastery also experienced such problems, which says something about what other monasteries and landowners must have experienced. Like other landowners, the Munkeliv monastery experienced a sharp decrease in its income due to the drastic decreases in the population and in productivity that the Black Death brought about.". Thus, a nationwide survey of land ownership conducted in 1661 revealed the following ownership structure of land in Norway :
||Percent of land owned:
| King (krongods) and the church (kirkegods)
| Nobility (adelsgods)
| Farmers (bondegods) (where the owner farmed his own farm)
| Absentee owners of farms (borgergods / bondegods) (where the owner, who was either a farmer or a businessman, rented out his farm to a leilending)
In his book on Norwegian history, Knut Mykland writes that this survey revealed an important fact about land ownership in Norway:
The ownership structure differed, however, in the various parts of the country. In the mountain communities in eastern Norway and in Agder, except for Lista, most of the farmland was owned by the farmers themselves - 62% of all the land in the mountain areas, and 57% of all the land in Agder was cultivated by farmers who owned the land, and most of the remaining land in these areas was owned by farmers who leased the land out to leilendinger. The opposite situation existed in the outer parts of western Norway, Trøndelag and northern Norway. In the outer parts of western Norway only 6% of the farms were owned by the farmers who operated their own farms. In Trøndelag it was 5%, and in northern Norway it was only 4%. In these areas the vast majority of land was owned by the king or the church.....
From 1661 to 1721 more and more farmers purchased their own farms, and in a study on this issue, another Norwegian historian, Ståle Dyrvik, has also noted that the percentage of such ownership varied widely from region to region. Commenting on the findings of this


text:
Izleti NP Brijuni
The sightseeing tour includes: a ride by tourist train, visit to the remains of the Roman villa rustica from the I century B.C. in the bay of Verige, and the safari park which breeds the following animals: zebra, Somali sheep, zebu (the holy east Indian humped ox), dromedary, llama and elephant.
The tour also includes visits to the archaeological museum located in the Citadel building from the XVI century and the Church of St. Germain with permanent exhibition of copies of frescoes and Glagolitic writings from Istra..
The sightseeing of the island of Veliki Brijun is organized under un expert guidance in Croatian,
Italian, Germain, Russian and English
You are kindly requested to book the excursion to Brijuni on the following phone numbers: +385 (0) 52 525883, 525882, or e-mail: _EMAIL_, several days before you plan your trip.
Dogs are allowed on the island Veliki Brijun on the condition that the following rules are respected:
- dogs have to be on the leash all the time,
- dogs are not allowed in the touristic train,
- dogs are not allowed in areas such as museums, exhibitions, churches, shops and restaurants,
- dogs are not allowed in the „Safari park" area (an enclosure where both indigenous and exotic animals are kept).
The sightseeing program for the island of St. Jerolim consists of the possibility to accept individual and group visits with all-day stay and sunbathing. The shallow-draft vessels are allowed to anchor and sail between the islands paying the fee. The private and public vessels that transport the visitors on the island of St. Jerolim are allowed to anchor without previous announcement paying the fee directly on the island to the authorized person from the Public Institution.
The sightseeing tour for the visitors includes the all – day stay and sunbathing. The shallow-draft vessels are allowed to anchor on the island without previous announcement and no fee is paid.


Reflex Logo
Intro
Gallery
Hosting
Components
New
Learn
Components
API Reference
Onboarding
Components
/
Rendering-iterables
You will often want to display multiple similar components from a collection of data. The rx.foreach component takes an iterable (list, tuple or dict) and a function that renders each item in the list. This is useful for dynamically rendering a list of items defined in a state.
In this first simple example we iterate through a list of colors and render the name of the color and use this color as the background for that rx.box. As we can see we have a function colored_box that we pass to the rx.foreach component. This function renders each item from the list that we have defined as a state var color.
red
green
blue
yellow
orange
purple
class IterState(rx.State):
 color: list[str] = [
 "red",
 "green",
 "blue",
 "yellow",
 "orange",
 "purple",
 ]
def colored_box(color: str):
 return rx.box(rx.text(color), background_color=color)
def simple_foreach():
 return rx.grid(
 rx.foreach(IterState.color, colored_box),
 columns="6",
 )
The function can also take an index as a second argument, meaning that we can enumerate through data as shown in the example below.
0
1
2
3
4
5
class IterIndexState(rx.State):
 color: list[str] = [
 "red",
 "green",
 "blue",
 "yellow",
 "orange",
 "purple",
 ]
def enumerate_foreach():
 return rx.grid(
 rx.foreach(
 IterIndexState.color,
 lambda color, index: rx.box(
 rx.text(index), bg=color
 ),
 ),
 columns="6",
 )
We can iterate through a dict data structure using a foreach. When the dict is passed through to the function that renders each item, it is presented as a list of key-value pairs [("sky", "blue"), ("balloon", "red"), ("grass", "green")].
sky
balloon
grass
class SimpleDictIterState(rx.State):
 color_chart: dict[str, str] = {
 "sky": "blue",
 "balloon": "red",
 "grass": "green",
 }
def display_color(color: list):
 # color is presented as a list key-value pairs [("sky", "blue"), ("balloon", "red"), ("grass", "green")]
 return rx.box(
 rx.text(color[0]), bg=color[1], padding_x="1.5em"
 )
def dict_foreach():
 return rx.grid(
 rx.foreach(
 SimpleDictIterState.color_chart,
 display_color,
 ),
 columns="3",
 )
rx.foreach can be used with nested state vars. Here we use nested foreach components to render the nested state vars. The rx.foreach(project["technologies"], get_badge) inside of the project_item function, renders the dict values which are of type list. The rx.box(rx.foreach(NestedStateFE.projects, project_item)) inside of the projects_example function renders each dict inside of the overall state var projects.
Next.jsPrismaTailwindGoogle CloudDockerMySQL
PythonFlaskGoogle CloudDocker
class NestedStateFE(rx.State):
 projects: list[dict[str, list]] = [
 {
 "technologies": [
 "Next.js",
 "Prisma",
 "Tailwind",
 "Google Cloud",
 "Docker",
 "MySQL",
 ]
 },
 {
 "technologies": [
 "Python",
 "Flask",
 "Google Cloud",
 "Docker",
 ]
 },
 ]
def get_badge(technology: str) -> rx.Component:
 return rx.badge(
 technology, variant="soft", color_scheme="green"
 )
def project_item(project: dict) -> rx.Component:
 return rx.box(
 rx.hstack(
 rx.foreach(project["technologies"], get_badge)
 ),
 )
def projects_example() -> rx.Component:
 return rx.box(
 rx.foreach(NestedStateFE.projects, project_item)
 )
If you want an example where not all of the values in the dict are the same type then check out the example on var operations using foreach .
Here is a further example of how to use foreach with a nested data structure.
purple
red
blue
orange
yellow
red
green
blue
yellow
class NestedDictIterState(rx.State):
 color_chart: dict[str, list[str]] = {
 "purple": ["red", "blue"],
 "orange": ["yellow", "red"],
 "green": ["blue", "yellow"],
 }
def display_colors(color: list[str, list[str]]):
 return rx.vstack(
 rx.text(color[0], color=color[0]),
 rx.hstack(
 rx.foreach(
 color[1],
 lambda x: rx.box(
 rx.text(x, color="black"), bg=x
 ),
 )
 ),
 )
def nested_dict_foreach():
 return rx.grid(
 rx.foreach(
 NestedDictIterState.color_chart,
 display_colors,
 ),
 columns="3",
 )
We can also use foreach with the cond component.
In this example we define the function render_item. This function takes in an item, uses the cond to check if the item is_packed. If it is packed it returns the item_name with a next to it, and if not then it just returns the item_name. We use the foreach to iterate over all of the items in the to_do_list using the render_item function.
Sammy's Packing List
 - Space suit ✔
 - Helmet ✔
 - Back Pack
class ToDoListItem(rx.Base):
 item_name: str
 is_packed: bool
class ForeachCondState(rx.State):
 to_do_list: list[ToDoListItem] = [
 ToDoListItem(
 item_name="Space suit", is_packed=True
 ),
 ToDoListItem(item_name="Helmet", is_packed=True),
 ToDoListItem(
 item_name="Back Pack", is_packed=False
 ),
 ]
def render_item(item: [str, bool]):
 return rx.cond(
 item.is_packed,
 rx.list.item(item.item_name + " ✔"),
 rx.list.item(item.item_name),
 )
def packing_list():
 return rx.vstack(
 rx.text("Sammy's Packing List"),
 rx.list(
 rx.foreach(
 ForeachCondState.to_do_list, render_item
 )
 ),
 )
← Conditional RenderingLibrary →
Did you find this useful?


text:
The Ticknall site is a woodland block to the south of Ticknall village and is part of the National Trust Calke Abbey site
The woodland hides the remains of a 8ha SSSI and industrial archaeology site, the remnants of the limestone mining and processing that was started in the 1400's when it was found that when limestone was spread on grassland it produced more growth. That site gained greater importance in later centuries with the use of limestone to produce lime mortar on site by burning in in pit and kilns.
Of interest to us in terms of bats is a number of structures remaining on site that provide potential for hibernation along with the natural stone stores and small caves where bats are sometimes found. In 2015 8 Schwegler boxes were added to the site following a donation from a National Trust volunteer.
10 members found their way to meet me on site at 10am and for most it was their first visit to the site so following a welcome and intro to the site, I ran through the risk assessment with them then also added that with the very mild spell of weather we were in not to have high expectations of finding many (or any!) bats.
We made our way through the site to the west side, to the 160m tunnel that crosses under the Calke Abbey Parkland. Diligent searching by all eventually produced a single brown long eared bat in a crevice, low down on the wall. The bat was easily identified as it had its ears up and was obviously not in any kind of torpor and all had a good view of it. There were also 9 Peacock butterflies and 8 Herald moths hibernating on the tunnel wall
The kilns and powder store didn't reveal any bats this time but the highlight (for me) is the scramble down to be able to look around one of the features called a 'dripping well'. This underground cavern is where the best limestone was tunnelled out rather than the whole depth of the face being excavated. This has created a magical space with the ceiling made up of a layer of large fossil shells and the addition of the water body completes the picture. Despite searching again no bats were seen but a count of a further 35 Herald moths was made.
Thanks to all that attended
Bill Cove, Chair.


Thank you again, and we'll miss you
The Importance of Translating Military Jargon Into Civilian Language
AUTHOR: Darlene Zambruski
POSTED: September 9, 2009 at 6:12 am
There is a big difference between, "Provide mission critical technical services to the battalion for the tracking of all cargo material in a combat zone" and "Direct IT services to support a 150-person operation, tracking all cargo materials in a demanding work environment."
Military Jargon is Often Incomprehensible to Civilians
Job responsibilities in the military can easily translate to corporate positions; you just need to overcome the language barrier and jargon. The process of translating military jargon into civilian language is essentially the same as translating a resume from Spanish into English…it is a different language. For example, common words in military resumes include command, battalion/soldiers, and mission. These can translate into civilian terminology as supervised, team, and organizational goal. Hiring managers may not understand the significance of your experience when they read resumes with military jargon stating leadership of defensive techniques, combat readiness, weapons storage or combat zone operations.
In order to increase your marketability for a civilian job, break down your experiences and re-word the content to match the language of your target position.
Translate the Jargon for Your New Audience
The first step is to break down job duties into individual tasks to identify key strengths. To accomplish this task, read job postings, company job descriptions, and industry resumes located on job boards and industry association websites to match your experiences to civilian jobs. A great resource is the U.S. Department of Labor's Occupational Outlook Handbook located online at: This site provides overviews of job positions with detailed information on the nature of the work, language used, and education needed. The second step is to go through your experience and transition your resume using civilian language found in the job postings and company descriptions. Some responsibilities could relate to equipment maintenance, international relations, budget management, team training and leadership, personnel management, and logistics management.
Accomplishments are critical to the resume whether they are for the military or corporate/civilian positions. Be sure to highlight your accomplishments in the resume and quantify the results based on impact to the organization.
In the end, one easy way to test your resume is to have a non-military person review the resume and let you know the verbiage or wording they do not understand.


Schools, healthcare and housing: are we becoming overcrowded?
The potential overcrowding of public services and social infrastructure like schools, healthcare and housing has always been a major political and public concern and continues to be so. If demand rises and supply does not, people will find access to services more difficult, leading to longer waiting times, less space, or worsening overall service. To find out if Britain is becoming overcrowded we try to answer the following questions: are school classes really getting larger? Are waiting times for elective care and emergency services in the NHS becoming longer? Is the housing stock getting more or less crowded?
You can find the answers to these questions in our report: CSI 6: Overcrowding


Bunny-shaped folded napkins dress up Easter dining tables
 - Fri Apr 2nd, 2010 9:58am
 - Life
We know it's Easter already and you've probably set your table, but here's a last-minute napkin-folding exercise to fluff up your settings. If you need photos to follow, go to _URL_ and search for "napkin folding."
Step 1: Take a solid-colored square napkin, and starch it for optimal workability. Thinner napkins work better.
Step 2: Fold the napkin up in half.
Step 3: Fold up in half again, to form a long rectangle.
Step 4: Fold the right and left sides down to meet in the center, forming a point at one end.
Step 5: Fold the opposite corners up.
Step 7: Gently turn your napkin over.
Step 8: Fold the bottom point up, so that it is roughly 1 inch above the center of the napkin.
Step 9: Carefully, turn the napkin over again.
Step 10: Roll the left side over, slightly past the center of the napkin.
Step 11: Fold the right side over, tucking the end into the pocket you created on the left side, holding your napkin together.
Step 12: Turn the napkin upright, separating the bottom to form a base. Fluff your bunny's ears.
Herald news services


text:
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Mass Storage System
The mass storage system at Fermilab has three major components:
- Enstore, the principal mass storage component; Enstore provides access to data on tape or other storage media both local to a user's machine and over networks.
- A namespace (implemented by PNFS), which presents the storage media library contents as though the data files existed in a hierarchical UNIX file system.
- dCache, a data file caching system; dCache is implemented as a front-end to Enstore.
1.1 About Enstore
Enstore is the mass storage system implemented at Fermilab as the primary data store for large data sets. Its design was inspired by the mass storage architecture at DESY, and it originates from discussions with the DESY designers. Enstore is designed to provide high fault tolerance and availability sufficient for the RunII data acquisition needs, as well as easy administration and monitoring. It uses a client-server architecture which provides a generic interface for users and allows for hardware and software components that can be replaced and/or expanded.
Enstore has two major kinds of software components:
- the Enstore servers, which are software modules that have specific functions, e.g., maintain database of data files, maintain database of storage volumes, maintain configuration, look for error conditions and sound alarms, communicate user requests down the chain to the tape robots, and so on. See Chapter 8: Overview of the Enstore Servers.
- encp, a program for copying files directly to and from the mass storage system. See Chapter 6: Copying Files with Encp
Enstore can be used directly only from on-site machines. Off-site users are restricted to accessing Enstore via dCache, and in fact on-site users are encouraged to go through dCache as well.
Enstore supports both automated and manual storage media libraries. It allows for a larger number of storage volumes than slots. It also allows for simultaneous access to multiple volumes through automated media libraries. There is no preset upper limit to the size of a data file in the enstore system; the actual size is limited by the physical resources. The lower limit on the file size is zero. The upper limit on the number of files that can be stored on a single volume is about 5000.
Enstore allows users to search and list contents of media volumes as easily as they search native file systems. The stored files appear to the user as though they exist in a mounted UNIX directory. The mounted directory is actually a distributed virtual file system in PNFS namespace containing metadata for each stored file. Enstore eliminates the need to know volume names or other details about the actual file storage.
Users typically access Enstore via the dCache caching system. The protocols supported by dCache include dccp, gridftp (globus-url-copy), kerberized ftp and weakly-authenticated ftp (these are described in Chapter 5: Using the dCache to Copy Files to/from Enstore). On-site users may bypass dCache and use the encp program, the Enstore copy command roughly modeled on UNIX's cp, to copy files directly to and from storage media.
There are several installed Enstore systems at Fermilab. Currently these include CDFEN for CDF RunII, D0EN for D0 RunII, and STKEN for all other Fermilab users. Web-based monitoring for the Enstore systems is available at _URL_ Currently, all storage libraries are tape libraries. The Computing Division operates and maintains the tape robots, slots, and other tape equipment, but for the present, experiments provide and manage their own volumes.
1.2 PNFS Namespace
PNFS is a virtual file system package that implements the Enstore namespace. It was written at DESY. PNFS is mounted like NFS, but it is a virtual file system only. It maintains file grouping and structure information via a set of tags in each directory. The encp program communicates this information between PNFS and the Enstore servers when it uploads or downloads a data file.
PNFS can only be mounted on machines that are physically at the lab1. When a user copies a data file from disk to the Enstore system, he or she specifies its destination in terms of a PNFS directory. The data file gets copied to a storage volume (selected according to the tags of the specified PNFS directory) and a corresponding metadata entry is created in the PNFS directory. This entry takes the name given in the encp command line or in the protocol-specific dCache command. It contains metadata about the data file, including information about the file transfer, the data storage volume on which the data file resides, the file's location on the volume, and so on.
To browse file entries in the Enstore system, on-site users can mount their experiment's PNFS storage area on their own computers, and interact with it using standard non-I/O UNIX operating system utilities (see section 4.1 UNIX Commands You can Use in PNFS Space). Normal UNIX permissions and administered export points are used for preventing unauthorized access to the name space.
The dCache was originally designed as a front-end for a set of Hierarchical Storage Managers (HSMs), namely Enstore, EuroGate and DESY's OSM. (It has since been further developed and can be implemented stand-alone. We do not address the stand-alone functionality in this manual.) When used as a front-end to an HSM, dCache can be viewed as an intermediate "relay station" between client applications and the HSM (Enstore, in our case). Client systems communicate with dCache via any of a number of protocols, listed in 1.3.3 Protocols for Communicating with dCache. DCache communicates with Enstore (in a manner transparent to the user) via a high-speed ethernet connection. The dCache decouples the potentially slow network transfer (to and from client machines) from the fast storage media I/O in order to keep Enstore from bogging down.
Data files uploaded to the dCache from a user's machine are stored on highly reliable RAID disks pending transfer to Enstore. Files already written to storage media that get downloaded to the dCache from Enstore are stored on ordinary disks.
The dCache is installed at Fermilab on a server machine on which the /pnfs root area is mounted. Since PNFS namespace can only be mounted on machines in the fnal.gov domain, off-site users may only access Enstore via the dCache. On-site users are strongly encouraged to go through the dCache as well. We discuss dCache in more depth in Chapter 5: Using the dCache to Copy Files to/from Enstore.
Read more general information about the dCache at the DESY site: _URL_.
The principal advantages of using the dCache are:
- Optimized usage of existing tape drives due to transfer rate adaption.
- Possible usage of slower and cheaper drive technology without overall performance reduction.
- Optimized usage of the robot systems by coordinated read and write requests.
- Better usage of network bandwidth by exploring the best location for the data.
- No explicit staging required to access the data.
- Ability to do posix-like IO reads and writes to data files instead of transferring entire files.
- Working ROOT interfaces.
- Tapeless data methods, raw data to reconstruction to analysis to users.
- Written to tape as 'by-product'; no tape delays.
- Pnfs does not have to be mounted for access to the data.
- Same access to storage system, on and off site. Strong authentication, both gss and gsi to the data. Native and ftp access to the data.
- The access methods for data would be uniform, independent of data's media location.
- Even without the back-end HSM (e.g., Enstore), the dCache system could be seen as a huge data store with a unique namespace and standardized access methods. Care will be taken that valuable data resides on safe disks as long as no HSM copy exists. Back-end storage to the HSM can be done regularly (policy based) or by manual intervention only.
- A joint DESY-FNAL effort makes the use of manpower more efficient and guarantees continued support and maintenance of the developed software.
1.3.3 Protocols for Communicating with dCache
Whenever an application needs to talk to the dCache, it has to choose an appropriate door into the system. There are a number of different dCache doors through which users/applications can send requests to Enstore. Doors are protocol converters from the dCache point of view, and they are responsible for strong authentication, as necessary. One door may be for Kerberized ftp read/write access, another for dcap (dCache native C API), gridftp, weakly authenticated ftp read-only access, and so on. Each experiment determines which door(s) its experimenters may use, and communicates this information to the Enstore administrators who manage the doors' configurations. Most doors are for native transfers, and are local. See Chapter 5: Using the dCache to Copy Files to/from Enstore for more information.


Skip to content
HTTPS clone URL
Subversion checkout URL
You can clone with HTTPS or Subversion.
Download ZIP
Newer
Older
100644 133 lines (132 sloc) 9.645 kb
83567d0 @stoive directory restructure
authored
1 <document>
2 <lesson number="10" title="File I/O" author="Steven Thurlow" style="../../stylesheet.css">
3 <content>
4

5
Last lesson we learnt how to load external code into our program. Without any introduction (like what I usually have), let's delve into file input and output with normal text files, and later the saving and restoring of instances of classes. (Wow, our lingo power has improved greatly!)

6

7

8
To open a text file you use, well, the open() function. Seems sensible. You pass certain parameters to open() to tell it in which way the file should be opened - 'r' for read only, 'w' for writing only (if there is an old file, it will be written over), 'a' for appending (adding things on to the end of the file) and 'r+' for both reading and writing. But less talk, lets open a file for reading (you can do this in your python idle mode). Open a normal text file. We will then print out what we read inside the file:

9
10 <l>openfile = open('pathtofile', 'r')</l>
11 <l>openfile.read()</l>
12
13
That was interesting. You'll notice a lot of '\n' symbols. These represent newlines (where you pressed enter to start a new line). The text is completely unformatted, but if you were to pass the output of <tt>openfile.read()</tt> to print (by typing <tt>print openfile.read()</tt>) it would be nicely formatted.

14

15

16
Did you try typing in <tt>print openfile.read()</tt>? Did it fail? It likely did, and reason is because the 'cursor' has changed it's place. Cursor? What cursor? Well, a cursor that you really cannot see, but still a cursor. This invisible cursor tells the read function (and many other I/O functions) where to start from. To set where the cursor is, you use the seek() function. It is used in the form <tt>seek(offset, whence)</tt>.

17
whence is optional, and determines where to seek from. If whence is 0, the bytes/letters are counted from the beginning. If it is 1, the bytes are counted from the current cursor position. If it is 2, then the bytes are counted from the end of the file. If nothing is put there, 0 is assumed.

18
offset decribes how far from whence that the cursor moves. for example:

19 <unorderedList>
20 <entry><tt>openfile.seek(45,0)</tt> would move the cursor to 45 bytes/letters after the beginning of the file.</entry>
21 <entry><tt>openfile.seek(10,1)</tt> would move the cursor to 10 bytes/letters after the current cursor position.</entry>
22 <entry><tt>openfile.seek(-77,2)</tt> would move the cursor to 77 bytes/letters before the end of the file (notice the - before the 77)</entry>
23 </unorderedList>
24
Try it out now. Use <tt>openfile.seek()</tt> to go to any spot in the file and then try typing print <tt>openfile.read()</tt>. It will print from the spot you seeked to. But realise that <tt>openfile.read()</tt> moves the cursor to the end of the file - you will have to seek again.

25

26

27
There are many other functions that help you with dealing with files. They have many uses that empower you to do more, and make the things you can do easier. Let's have a look at <tt>tell()</tt>, <tt>readline()</tt>, <tt>readlines()</tt>, <tt>write()</tt> and <tt>close()</tt>.

28
<tt>tell()</tt> returns where the cursor is in the file. It has no parameters, just type it in (like what the example below will show). This is infinitely useful, for knowing what you are refering to, where it is, and simple control of the cursor. To use it, type <tt>fileobjectname.tell()</tt> - where <tt>fileobjectname</tt> is the name of the file object you created when you opened the file (in <tt>openfile = open('pathtofile', 'r')</tt> the file object name is <tt>openfile</tt>).

29
<tt>readline()</tt> reads from where the cursor is till the end of the line. Remember that the end of the line isn't the edge of your screen - the line ends when you press enter to create a new line. This is useful for things like reading a log of events, or going through something progressively to process it. There are no parameters you have to pass to readline(), though you can optionally tell it the maximum number of bytes/letters to read by putting a number in the brackets. Use it with <tt>fileobjectname.readline()</tt>.

30
<tt>readlines()</tt> is much like <tt>readline()</tt>, however <tt>readlines()</tt> reads all the lines from the cursor onwards, and returns a list, with each list element holding a line of code. Use it with <tt>fileobjectname.readlines()</tt>. For example, if you had the text file:

31
32 <l>Line 1</l>
33 <l></l>
34 <l>Line 3</l>
35 <l>Line 4</l>
36 <l></l>
37 <l>Line 6</l>
38
39
then the returned list from <tt>readlines()</tt> would be:

40

41 <row>
42 <column title="Index" width="20%" />
43 <column title="Value" width="80%" />
44 </row>
45 <row>
46 <cell>0</cell><cell>'Line 1'</cell>
47 </row>
48 <row>
49 <cell>1</cell><cell>''</cell>
50 </row>
51 <row>
52 <cell>2</cell><cell>'Line 3'</cell>
53 </row>
54 <row>
55 <cell>3</cell><cell>'Line 4'</cell>
56 </row>
57 <row>
58 <cell>4</cell><cell>''</cell>
59 </row>
60 <row>
61 <cell>5</cell><cell>'Line 6'</cell>
62 </row>
63

64
The <tt>write()</tt> function, writes to the file. How did you guess??? It writes from where the cursor is, and overwrites text in front of it - like in MS Word, where you press 'insert' and it writes over the top of old text. To utilise this most purposeful function, put a string between the brackets to write e.g. <tt>fileobjectname.write(


text:
At some point you may have been asked to sign a contract that has a signature block similar to the one below:
XYZ Subcontractor, LLC:
John Doe, President
Print Name and Title
It's such a small detail that most likely no one asked why it says "(Seal)" next to the signature. However, the addition of that single word can significantly affect the contract.
First, a bit of history. In the 19th Century, companies signing a contract would press their seal into wax on the contract document. The purpose was to prove the handwritten signature wasn't forged. If later there was a dispute, the court only had to compare the seal in the wax to the company's seal to see if they matched. The practice of using a wax seal was so formal that contracts signed in that manner were considered more solemn than the average unsealed contract, and therefore could be enforced for longer periods of time. Over the years, at least in Maryland, the purpose of placing a company's seal on contracts changed from forgery protection to proof that the person signing the contract had authority to bind the company.
Jump forward to modern day, the remnants of contracts under seal still linger. In Maryland, the general statute of limitations to enforce a contract is 3 years. This means that from the time a person knows or should know that the contract has been breached, he has three years to sue. But the statute of limitations extends to a vast 12 years if the contract is "under seal."
So does placing "(Seal)" next to the signature blocks on a contract actually make a contract enforceable for a longer period of time? The answer depends on which state's laws govern the contract. In Maryland and Virginia, adding that single word does not itself extend the enforcement period. If "(Seal)" appears next to the signatures, the court will look to whether the parties knowingly intended for the contract to be subject to the longer limitations period. See, Rouse-Teachers Properties, Inc. v. Maryland Cas. Co., 358 Md. 575 (2000); School Board of Fairfax County v. M.L. Whitlow, Inc., 223 Va. 157 (1982).
The trap is that modern contracts frequently have choice of law provisions. Many contracts choose Delaware as the law governing the contract. Unlike Maryland and Virginia, under Delaware law, merely placing the word "(Seal)" next to the signature blocks may convert the contract into a contract under seal and extend the limitations period from 3 years to 20 years. Whittington v. Dragon Group, LLC, 991 A.2d 1 (2009). A contract signed and performed in Maryland, but with a Delaware choice of law, could become enforceable for 20 years by the addition of that one word.
Although the likelihood of litigation 20 years later is minor, between 3-6 years later is not and that one word may have destroyed an otherwise successful statute of limitations defense. Additionally, litigation after extended periods of time also presents the practical problem that knowledgeable employees and documents may be long gone.
Next time you sign a contract, look for "(Seal)" in the signature block. You may want to strike it before signing.


text:
This article summarizes the different pepper varieties, how to use them, and useful substitutions. Pepper is a mainstay of adding flavor during many forms of cooking, including barbecue and grilling, so this is stuff you really will benefit from knowing.
The best analogy I can think of for the world of spices is the Marvel Comics Universe — it's vast and complicated, they seem to add new names to the roster constantly, and it's the rare individual that knows them all.
Well, to extend the metaphor, maybe to the breaking point, pepper is the Iron Man of spices. It's one of the most familiar names, and it shows up in basically everything.
But even Iron Man has many different versions — and so do peppercorns.
Let's get to know the variety of peppercorns available to the discerning chef or griller and when to use each. We'll look at where each comes from, their flavor, and their relative costs. Plus, we'll share what to do when you're missing a peppercorn from your recipe and need a substitute.
All set? Peppercorns, assemble!
Contents (Jump to Topic)
- 1 Why is This Information Useful?
- 2 Pepper Vs Peppercorn
- 3 Peppercorn Varieties
- 4 Pepper We Recommend Every Chef to Stock and Why
- 5 Pepper Substitutions
- 6 Peppers That are NOT from Peppercorns — Paprika and Cayenne
- 7 Final Thoughts
Why is This Information Useful?
Pepper is one of the most used ingredients when it comes to BBQ rubs, particularly pairing well with beef and steak, but is also used as a seasoning for many other foods too.
We have an article on how to make your own rubs, and a list of some of the best BBQ dry rubs for different types of meat, and you will see in these that the use of pepper is prominent. So it pays to know and understand the different types of pepper available, so you know where they fit into flavor profiles, and what substitutions you can make if need be.
Pepper Vs Peppercorn
Confused about the difference between these two things? Let's clear that up right now: pepper is what you get when you grind up peppercorns into a powder.
So what's a peppercorn?
Believe it or not, it's a dried drupe (a fruit similar to a berry). That's right, fruit harvested from vines in the Piperaceae family, native to India and grown all over Southeast Asia, are cooked and sun-dried until they're shrivelled and hard.
There are just five principal varieties of peppercorns from which to choose. Let's look at each one and learn where they come from, what they taste like, and how to use them, plus their cost relative to one another.
Origin: Unripened fruit, cooked, cleaned, and dried.
Flavor and Uses: The most famous and popular of all peppercorns, black pepper is what you'll find in every kitchen and on every restaurant table — at fancy places, a server might come to your table with a pepper mill to grind fresh black pepper onto your meal. It has an earthy, mildly spicy flavor that adds moderate bite to just about anything. Along with salt, black pepper is a common base for dry rubs or seasoning blends.
Relative Cost: Inexpensive — it's the world's most popular spice, and that keeps costs down.
Origin: Dried seeds from unripened fruit soaked until the skin comes off.
Flavor and Uses: It might look like salt, but white peppercorns taste very much like their black counterparts, though with less aroma. Some find it spicier than black pepper, though some claim it's milder. White pepper is found in Thai, Chinese, and Portuguese cuisine and works well in anything where black pepper would stand out too much visually, like salads or cream sauces.
Relative Cost: Differs, depending on the variety, but typically more expensive than black, especially in North America, where it is rarely seen. Some types are very pricey.
Origin: Unripened fruit, air— or freeze-dried to preserve the natural green color.
Flavor and Uses: The minimal processing allows green peppercorns to retain a fruitier flavor than either black or white, with a fresh and mildly spicy taste. Green peppercorns are common in French food, especially when pickled, and in peppercorn sauces. They're excellent for steak au poivre and on pork chops. Being so mild, they're worth experimenting with on fish and chicken, too.
Relative Cost: Rare and difficult to process, green peppercorns are quite expensive compared to other black and most white peppercorns.
Origin: Fully ripened fruit and left in the natural state. Most are brined, but some are freeze-dried to hold the flavor without losing the color.
Flavor and Uses: They're too delicate to put in a grinder, so the best way to use your red peppercorns is to crush them with a mortar and pestle or a rolling pin. Use the resulting paste in marinades and sauces for seafood or in Southeast Asian dishes.
Relative Cost: Similar in cost to white peppercorns. Some varieties, like Kampot, are very rare and among the most expensive peppercorns in the world.
Origin: Peruvian or Brazilian pepper trees
Flavor and Uses: Though they look similar, true pink peppercorns (as in not just faded red ones) are not related to the rest of the gang. They have a black pepper-like flavor but with far less bite and a lot of fruitiness. Pink peppercorns are lightly flavored, so try them in salad dressings or on fish. They are also excellent for mixing into homemade hamburger patties.
Relative Cost: They aren't always easy to find, but pink peppercorns are not terribly expensive; they tend to be somewhere between white and green peppercorns for price.
Sichuan Peppercorns / Szechuan Peppercorns
Origin: Chinese Prickly Ash seed husks
Flavor and Uses: Another "false" peppercorn, these little demons add fire to recipes and may even make your mouth feel numb. There's a surprising citrus note, however, and they're a mainstay in delicious dishes like Bang Bang Chicken and Sichuan Beef.
Relative Cost: Any Asian supermarket will carry Sichuan peppercorns, and some grocers will have them in the international aisle. As with most spices, there are varieties that are rare and expensive. On average, though, Sichuan peppercorns are similar in price to black peppercorns.
Pepper We Recommend Every Chef to Stock and Why
Would it be fun to have a supply of every pepper on hand? Sure! But, if you want to just have the basics on hand, here are the pepper varieties you should always keep in your kitchen.
There's something sophisticated about grinding your own black pepper. It's a great way to get the optimum flavor and total control over quantity and coarseness of the grind. Salt and black pepper are the barest of necessities, and it's a rare meal from the barbecue or the oven that doesn't use black pepper.
Yes, I said they're not "true" peppercorns. But, they are delicious and versatile. They aren't so expensive as some of the more exotic peppercorns on our list, and they add mild but excellent flavor to your salads, lighter dishes, and sauces. Have the black for a punch and the pink for a gentler approach.
If you're really into French or Southeast Asian cuisine, these are a must-have. Practically anything you put on a grill will benefit from the fruity-but-spicy taste of this unique peppercorn.
We've all been there: you reach into the cupboard to grab the next ingredient in a recipe — and it's gone! What can you use in place of the pepper you need when you're caught short? Here are some suggestions.
Ground Black Pepper for Black Peppercorns
Grinding your own peppercorns delivers superior heat and flavor to using ground table pepper. That's partly because it's fresher and partly because the larger surface area of individual pieces of coarsely ground pepper delivers a bigger hit of flavor to your taste buds. But, in a pinch, plain old ground pepper is better than nothing.
When a recipe calls for 1 teaspoon peppercorns, substitute for 1 1/2 teaspoons of ground pepper.
You can also substitute at a ratio of about 1/8 tsp of black pepper per 8 peppercorns in a recipe. (Thanks to The Spruce Eats for doing the math for us!)
Incidentally, you can grind 8 peppercorns into a teaspoon of coarse pepper. And, naturally, if you need fine pepper, you can grind coarse pepper with a blender, food processor, coffee grinder, or pestle and mortar.
White Peppercorns for Black Peppercorns
These two have the most similar flavor profiles of the four true peppercorns. The white can be milder than the black, so you may need to add a bit more. This substitution works in reverse, too; you can use a smaller portion of black peppercorns to fill in for white. Just be aware that the black specks will be visible in light-colored recipes.
Cayenne Pepper for Black Peppercorns
As you'll learn in the next section, cayenne is not derived from a peppercorn. However, the mild heat it imparts to food is a reasonable approximation of what black peppercorns can do.


text: "Jacob's Room" was the third novel by Virginia Woolf, it was published in October 1922. This story has a philosophical viewpoint. The life of Jacob Flanders was displayed in a row of episodes – his childhood, adolescence and youth. The sea coast where the little boy was playing, his mother's care who was bend above his bed, his student days in Cambridge, independent life in London, his first love and the trip to France and Greece. In the end – the empty room, dusty things. Chasing memories of the death of Jacob in the war. And outside the life goes on. The passage of time is infinite… Read it till the end to know the whole story.


text:
The post of Large Floor Standing Mirror was published on October 27, 2017 at 5:42 pm. It is published at the Floor category. Large Floor Standing Mirror is tagged with Large Floor Standing Mirror, Large, Floor, Standing, Mirror..
Largelarge (lärj),USA pronunciation adj., larg•er, larg•est, n., adv.
- of more than average size, quantity, degree, etc.;
exceeding that which is common to a kind or class;
great: a large house; in large measure; to a large extent.
- on a great scale: a large producer of kitchen equipment.
- of great scope or range;
- grand or pompous: a man given tolarge, bombastic talk.
- (of a map, model, etc.) representing the features of the original with features of its own that are relatively large so that great detail may be shown.
important: He's very large in financial circles.
- unrestrained in the use of language;
- unrestrained in behavior or manner;
- free (def. 33).
- the longest note in mensural notation.
- at large:
- free from restraint or confinement;
at liberty: The murderer is still at large.
- to a considerable extent;
at length: to treat a subject at large.
- as a whole;
in general: the country at large.
- Also, at-large. representing the whole of a state, district, or body rather than one division or part of it: a delegate at large.
- in large, on a large scale;
from a broad point of view: a problem seen in large.Also, in the large.
- with the wind free or abaft the beam so that all sails draw fully.
Floorfloor (flôr, flōr),USA pronunciation n.
- that part of a room, hallway, or the like, that forms its lower enclosing surface and upon which one walks.
- a continuous, supporting surface extending horizontally throughout a building, having a number of rooms, apartments, or the like, and constituting one level or stage in the structure;
- a level, supporting surface in any structure: the elevator floor.
- one of two or more layers of material composing a floor: rough floor; finish floor.
- a platform or prepared level area for a particular use: a threshing floor.
- the bottom of any more or less hollow place: the floor of a tunnel.
- a more or less flat extent of surface: the floor of the ocean.
- the part of a legislative chamber, meeting room, etc., where the members sit, and from which they speak.
- the right of one member to speak from such a place in preference to other members: The senator from Alaska has the floor.
- the area of a floor, as in a factory or retail store, where items are actually made or sold, as opposed to offices, supply areas, etc.: There are only two salesclerks on the floor.
- the main part of a stock or commodity exchange or the like, as distinguished from the galleries, platform, etc.
- the bottom, base, or minimum charged, demanded, or paid: The government avoided establishing a price or wage floor.
- an underlying stratum, as of ore, usually flat.
- the bottom of a hull.
- any of a number of deep, transverse framing members at the bottom of a steel or iron hull, generally interrupted by and joined to any vertical keel or keelsons.
- the lowermost member of a frame in a wooden vessel.
- mop or wipe the floor with, [Informal.]to overwhelm completely;
defeat: He expected to mop the floor with his opponents.
- take the floor, to arise to address a meeting.
- to cover or furnish with a floor.
- to bring down to the floor or ground;
knock down: He floored his opponent with one blow.
- to overwhelm;
- to confound or puzzle;
nonplus: I was floored by the problem.
- Also, floorboard. to push (a foot-operated accelerator pedal) all the way down to the floor of a vehicle, for maximum speed or power.
Standingstand•ing (stan′ding),USA pronunciation n.
- rank or status, esp. with respect to social, economic, or personal position, reputation, etc.: He had little standing in the community.
- good position, reputation, or credit: He is a merchant of standing in the community.
- length of existence, continuance, residence, membership, experience, etc.: a friend of long standing.
- standings, a list of teams or contestants arranged according to their past records: According to the standings, the White Sox are leading the division by three games.
- the act of a person or thing that stands.
- a place where a person or thing stands.
- the right to initiate or participate in a legal action: having standing as a friend of the court.
- having an erect or upright position: a standing lamp.
- performed in or from an erect position: a standing jump.
not flowing or stagnant, as water;
- continuing without cessation or change;
lasting or permanent.
- continuing in operation, force, use, etc.: a standing rule.
- customary or habitual;
generally understood: We have a standing bridge game every Friday night.
- kept for use in subsequent printings: standing type.
- out of use;
idle: a standing engine.
- noting any of various objects or assemblages of objects fixed in place or position, unless moved for adjustment or repairs: standing bowsprit.
- [Knots.]noting the part of a rope that is in use and terminates in a knot or the like.
Mirrormir•ror (mir′ər),USA pronunciation n.
- a reflecting surface, originally of polished metal but now usually of glass with a silvery, metallic, or amalgam backing.
- such a surface set into a frame, attached to a handle, etc., for use in viewing oneself or as an ornament.
- any reflecting surface, as the surface of calm water under certain lighting conditions.
- a surface that is either plane, concave, or convex and that reflects rays of light.
- something that gives a minutely faithful representation, image, or idea of something else: Gershwin's music was a mirror of its time.
- a pattern for imitation;
exemplar: a man who was the mirror of fashion.
- a glass, crystal, or the like, used by magicians, diviners, etc.
- with mirrors, by or as if by magic.
- to reflect in or as if in a mirror.
- to reflect as a mirror does.
- to mimic or imitate (something) accurately.
- to be or give a faithful representation, image, or idea of: Her views on politics mirror mine completely.
- (of a canon or fugue) capable of being played in retrograde or in inversion, as though read in a mirror placed beside or below the music.
Large Floor Standing Mirror have 6 images including Contemporary Palm Floor Standing Mirror, Mirror Large Floor Mirrors With A Hanger And Womens Clothing Large Floor Mirrors For The Impressive Idea Easel For. Stands. Ornate. Very Standing., Large Decorative Standing Floor Mirrors | Decorative Full Length., Extra Large, Radius Corner Mirror With Large Potted Cactus Via One Hundred Layer Cake /, 17 Best Ideas About Floor Standing Mirror On Pinterest | Large Standing Mirror, Mirrors And Bedroom Mirrors, Omg! I Need The Chair And The Mirror. Below are the pictures:
Large Floor Standing Mirror is being combined with regularity that is growing. A growing number of homeowners realize that they could use skill within their restroom. There are many different choices to pick from. It is just of thinning your final decision to just one choice a matter. Large Floor Standing Mirrors that is classic are often square or round.
Components that are normal contain pottery or stainlesssteel. Which standard components are superior, for authentic ornamental you can choose materials like cement or marble. The texture's quality is very beautiful and provides the bathroom and genuine episode.
You'll be able to and really should favor a Large Floor Standing Mirror that is uneven if you like blooms. This design resembles an ornamental bowl that is bright that is beautiful with blossoms adoring the bowl's very best side. It is fitted effortlessly underneath the desk and seems quite beautiful.
For anything a little unique you'll be able to select a seriously ranked Large Floor Standing Mirror. One end of the raise is barely an inch heavy, whilst the suggestion of the square could be the normal level for the drain. You need to possess a larger counter room to support this type however it is stunning to all and observe sorts of enjoyment showing off for your buddies. You can even find different styles for example block. Some features while others have a dish that resembles a semicircle, a pan that's precisely the same degree through the jar. Both designs are just a matter of identifying which will continue to work best-in your bathroom.
Another funky that is modern style but also is actually a leaf-. When displayed alongside this style seems really lovely. Dual leaf leaves almost resemble grapes that collapsed beautifully in your toilet stand.
This is possibly only a drain for that room, if you have a guest toilet that really needs a more elegant feel. With a great number of unique variations that you could pick, there should be function that fits you when creating a determination. But again, nobody says that bathroom remodeling that is prosperous will undoubtedly be a straightforward job.


text:
Chris Impey is a University Distinguished professor at the University of Arizona and Deputy Head of the Astronomy Department. His research interests include observational cosmology, quasars, and distant galaxies. He has written 160 research papers and two astronomy textbooks. He has won eleven teaching awards, and has served as a National Science Foundation Distinguished Teaching Scholar, a Phi Beta Kappa Visiting Scholar, and the Carnegie Council's Arizona Professor of the Year. He is a former Vice President of the American Astronomical Society and a Fellow of the AAAS. He has published six popular science books, with two more in preparation, and one novel.
More info here.