Forced abortion in North Korea
From Conservapedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Forced abortion in North Korea is common.
A report published in British newspaper The Times set forth how an explanation provided by a diplomat from the West, who had visited North Korea 19 times:
It's vital to recognize that 'juche' -- the dogma of self-reliance -- is not a theory but a cult and that [the dictator of North Korea named] Kim is worshipped as the leader of a religion. These Koreans genuinely believe they are a master race and that the peninsula will be united under the rule of the Kim dynasty.
The Times further explained:
Behind the facade of a Supreme People's Assembly, a presidium, a cabinet and the Korean Workers' Party, North Korea operates as a one-man military dictatorship founded on clan rule, blood ties and deification of the leader. Kim is falsely said to have been born on the sacred slopes of Mount Paektu. This is used to legitimize behavior by agents of the state which human rights activists believe will one day form the basis of indictments for crimes against humanity.
These "crimes against humanity" include racially motivated abortion and infanticide, particularly when the unborn or afterborn child has a parent with an ethnicity other than Korean.
About 200,000 North Koreans are imprisoned, and the women of childbearing age are repeatedly asked if they are pregnant. If so, then they are given injections to cause abortions. If the injections do not work or a women gives birth without the pregnancy being detected, then the women are required to kill their own infants.
A human rights investigator for the United States Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, David Hawk, called North Korean's practice "ethnic infanticide," in a report on 2003 based on testimony from eight women who had observed or been subjected to it.


text:
"The sutras, the shastras, and our teachings have such wealth on how to assist people and how to help them make their minds resilient and their emotions manageable.
We Buddhists already have our path—we have view, we have meditation, we have structure. But there are a lot of people who don't have any of this, and they might need some assistance in making their emotions manageable and their minds resilient."
— Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche
Khyentse Foundation Trisong Grants aim to identify and support organizations and individuals who are working to promote mental well-being and resilience in the world and to help Buddhist wisdom reach new audiences. This grant supports people or programs that are connected to Buddhist views, values, and practices. Unlike Khyentse Foundation Ashoka Grants, Trisong Grant projects do not need to be expressly Buddhist, but only based in Buddhist wisdom or practice. We welcome all forms of skillful means and encourage innovative and creative presentations and approaches. Applications may include art, music, theater, dance, performance, multimedia, mental health apps, or other creative ideas. Applications that use traditional healing methods, psychoanalysis, therapy, or related medical treatments are also welcome.
Applications for support may include projects related to depression and anxiety, substance abuse and addiction, prison outreach, end of life care or hospice, mental illness, and work in spiritual caregiving and pastoral counseling.
Applications are reviewed by a committee of mental health and resilience professionals.
The committee reviews applications quarterly, on January 1, April 1, July 1, and October 1, but you may apply at any time. Applicants will be notified of decisions within three months of the quarterly review dates.
Trisong Grant awards are generally in the $5,000 range, and occasionally more, depending on the scope and needs of the project.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text: Participatory budgeting is a method used by city governments to select public projects to fund based on residents' votes. Many cities use participatory budgeting at a district level. Typically, a budget is divided among districts proportionally to their population, and each district holds an election over local projects and then uses its budget to fund the projects most preferred by its voters. However, district-level participatory budgeting can yield poor social welfare because it does not necessarily fund projects supported across multiple districts. On the other hand, decision making that only takes global social welfare into account can be unfair to districts: A social-welfare-maximizing solution might not fund any of the projects preferred by a district, despite the fact that its constituents pay taxes to the city. Thus, we study how to fairly maximize social welfare in a participatory budgeting setting with a single city-wide election. We propose a notion of fairness that guarantees each district at least as much welfare as it would have received in a district-level election. We show that, although optimizing social welfare subject to this notion of fairness is NP-hard, we can efficiently construct a lottery over welfare-optimal outcomes that is fair in expectation. Moreover, we show that, when we are allowed to slightly relax fairness, we can efficiently compute a fair solution that is welfare-maximizing, but which may overspend the budget.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text: Gene expression differences between divergent lineages caused by modification of cis regulatory elements are thought to be important in evolution. We assayed genome-wide cis and trans regulatory differences between maize and its wild progenitor, teosinte, using deep RNA sequencing in F1 hybrid and parent inbred lines for three tissue types (ear, leaf and stem). Pervasive regulatory variation was observed with approximately 70% of ∼17,000 genes showing evidence of regulatory divergence between maize and teosinte. However, many fewer genes (1,079 genes) show consistent cis differences with all sampled maize and teosinte lines. For ∼70% of these 1,079 genes, the cis differences are specific to a single tissue. The number of genes with cis regulatory differences is greatest for ear tissue, which underwent a drastic transformation in form during domestication. As expected from the domestication bottleneck, maize possesses less cis regulatory variation than teosinte with this deficit greatest for genes showing maize-teosinte cis regulatory divergence, suggesting selection on cis regulatory differences during domestication. Consistent with selection on cis regulatory elements, genes with cis effects correlated strongly with genes under positive selection during maize domestication and improvement, while genes with trans regulatory effects did not. We observed a directional bias such that genes with cis differences showed higher expression of the maize allele more often than the teosinte allele, suggesting domestication favored up-regulation of gene expression. Finally, this work documents the cis and trans regulatory changes between maize and teosinte in over 17,000 genes for three tissues.


Glass Dictionary
The technique of forming an object by inflating a gather or gob of molten glass on the end of a blowpipe. Traditionally and in modern furnace working, the gaffer blows through the tube, slightly inflating the gob, which is then manipulated into the required form by swinging it, rolling it on a marver, or shaping it with tools or in a mold. It is then inflated to the desired size. In flameworking, one end of the glass tube is heated and closed immediately, after which the worker blows into the other end and manipulates the hot glass.
Alternate Spellings:


text:
Jordan Table of Contents
Figure 5. Population of the East Bank by Age and Sex, 1987
Source: Based on information from Jordan, Department of Statistics, Statistical Yearbook, 1987, Amman, 1988, 18.
Figure 6. United Nations Relief and Works Agency Camps in Jordan, 1989
Source: Based on information from United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, Jordan.
Official Jordanian statistics gave a 1987 population figure of 2,896,800 for the East Bank. A 1982 population of 2,399,300 thus indicated an annual growth rate of between 3.6 and 4 percent. United Nations statistics projected a peak in the annual growth rate at 4.11 percent in the period from 1990 to 1995, followed by a steady decline to 2.88 percent in 2020.
Rapid development in the provision of health care services during the 1970s and 1980s led to a decline in the crude death rate from 17 per 1,000 population in 1965 to 7 per 1,000 population by 1986 (see Health and Welfare, this ch.). During the same period, the infant mortality rate, a major indicator of a country's development and health status, dropped from 115 to 46 per 1,000 live births. In 1986 life expectancy at birth was sixty-five years (sixty-three for males and sixty-seven for females). The lowered death rate, a high birth rate, and lowered infant mortality rate combined to generate a major demographic problem in the late 1980s. At the end of the decade, more than half Jordan's population was below fifteen years of age (see fig. 5). This situation strained the country's already limited resources, and employment for the burgeoning group of young people became increasingly difficult to provide.
Accurate demographic figures were difficult to compile because of the substantial number of Jordanians residing and working abroad and the continuous flow of West bank Palestinians with Jordanian passports back and forth between the East and West banks. According to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, about 224,000 people were admitted to UNRWA refugee camps in the East Bank immediately after the June 1967 War. In 1986 UNRWA cited 826,128 registered refugees living on the East Bank, of whom about 205,000 were living in refugee camps.
The exact number of Palestinians living on the East Bank was unknown. Estimates usually ranged from 60 to 70 percent of the total population. Official government statistics did not distinguish between East Bank and West Bank Jordanians (see Palestinians, this ch.).
The government did not have an officially articulated population policy or birth control program. Rather, in 1979 it adopted a "child spacing program" that was designed to improve the health of mother and child, and not specifically to lower the fertility rate. This noninterventionist approach considered family planning to be one component of an integrated maternal-child health and primary health care program. Government clinics and private medical services delivered family planning services upon request and contraceptives were widely available at low cost. In 1987 there were 116 maternal-child health care centers--up from 93 in 1983-- providing prenatal and postnatal care and a wide range of birth control information.
Jordan's high population growth can be attributed primarily to high fertility rates. In 1986 the World Bank (see Glossary) calculated this rate as 6.0 births for each woman over the span of her reproductive years, one of the highest fertility rates in the region. This rate was projected to decline to 4.2 births by the year 2000. The fertility rate varied, however, between women residing in rural and urban areas and according to educational attainment. Educated women tended to marry at a slightly older age than uneducated women, and this delay contributed to a lower fertility rate. Urban women achieved lower fertility rates through modern methods of contraception, particularly the pill. Fertility rates were lowest in Amman, higher in smaller urban areas such as Irbid and Az Zarqa, and highest in rural areas. In rural areas modern contraceptive usage was lower, although breast-feeding, which serves to delay the return of fertility, was extended for a longer period than in the cities. World Bank data indicated that 27 percent of married women of child-bearing age were using contraception in the 1980s.
A woman was expected to have to bear five children, including at least two sons, in fairly rapid succession. Women gained status and security in their marital household by bearing children. According to a study conducted in the early 1980s by Jordanian anthropologists Seteney Shami and Lucine Taminian in a poor, squatter area in Amman, reproductive behavior was subject to several factors. If a woman had given birth to two or more sons, she might begin to space her pregnancies or stop bearing children for a while. Household structure--nuclear, extended, or multiple family--also appeared to be a crucial factor in determining fertility. The presence of other women in a household encouraged women to bear more children to improve their relative position in the household.
The overall population density for the East Bank in 1987 was established at about thirty persons per square kilometer. There was wide regional variation and the rate of urbanization was high. East of Al Mafraq, in an area encompassing almost two-thirds of the country, no towns had a population of more than 10,000. The bulk of Jordan's population was centered in the governorate of Amman and the smaller urban areas of Irbid, As Salt, and Az Zarqa. The 1987 population totals of the eight governorates ranged from 1,203,000 in Amman to 101,000 in the Maan Governorate. According to World Bank figures, about 70 percent of the population lived in urban areas. The nation's capital, Amman, accounted for more than onethird of the total population. Rapid urbanization appeared to be the result of a high fertility rate and rural-urban migration. If urbanization continued at the high annual rate of 4 to 5 percent, it was estimated that by the year 2000, nearly three-fourths of the population could be living in Amman, Az Zarqa, Irbid, As Salt, and Ar Ramtha.
The remainder of the population resided in villages scattered in an uneven pattern throughout Jordan. The nomadic and seminomadic population was very small, at most 2 to 3 percent of the population. The clearest concentrations of villages were in the fertile northwest corner and the Jordan Valley. Village size varied markedly from region to region. At one time, size related to the productive capacity of the surrounding farmland. Larger villages were located in the more fertile, generally irrigated regions where family members could reach their fields with relative ease. While village populations continued to grow, rural-urban migration drained off a steady stream of young men and sometimes whole families. Villages provided little employment for their residents, and agriculture as a way of life had declined precipitously since the 1950s.
Camps of nomadic and seminomadic beduins still existed in the late 1980s. Nomadic tribes were found mainly in the desert area east of a line from Al Mafraq to Maan. The area, about 400 kilometers long and 250 kilometers wide, is known as the badiya (pl., bawaadi, meaning desert or semidesert). Seminomadic beduins were located in the Al Ghawr and near Irbid. These seminomads descended to the Jordan Valley in the winter because of its warm climate and grazing ground for their herds. Traditionally, many of these seminomads also farmed plots of land in the valley. In the summer, they moved their herds up into the hills to avoid the intense heat.
The native inhabitants of the Jordan Valley are known as Al Ghawarna, or people of Al Ghawr. Prior to the June 1967 War, the valley was home to about 60,000 people engaged in agriculture and pastoralism. In 1971 the population had declined to 5,000 as a result of the June 1967 War and the 1970-71 conflict between the Palestinian guerrillas and the Jordanian armed forces (see The Guerrilla Crisis, ch. 1). By 1979, however, the population had reached 85,000 as a result of government development efforts designed to attract people to settle in this area.
Refugee camps emerged in the wake of the Arab-Israeli War of 1948. The original refugee settlements were tent camps, but in most places tents were replaced by rows of galvanized steel, aluminum, and asbestos shelters. There were initially five refugee camps-- Irbid, Az Zarqa, Amman New (Al Wahdat), Al Karamah (later dismantled), and Jabal al Hussein-- but six additional emergency camps were established for refugees from the June 1967 War--Al Hisn, Suf, Jarash, Baqah, Talbiyah, and Marka. Most of the camps were located near major cities in the northwest (see fig. 6).
Data as of December 1989
Jordan Table of Contents

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Fodor's Expert Review Dryburgh Abbey
The final resting place of Sir Walter Scott and his wife, and the most peaceful and secluded of the Borders abbeys, the "gentle ruins" of Dryburgh Abbey sit on parkland in a loop of the Tweed. The abbey, founded in 1150, suffered from English raids until, like Melrose, it was abandoned in 1544. The style is transitional, a mingling of rounded Romanesque and pointed early English. The north transept, where the Haig and Scott families lie buried, is lofty and pillared, and once formed part of the abbey church.


text:
Yannis Orfanos and Sang Cho,big supporters of CBD Oil and researchers at the Zofnass Program, were invited by the Belmont Stormwater Working Group to present the Zofnass Information Toolon the Urban Water System of Chelsea MA (April 28, 2016). The Belmont Stormwater Working Group is a collaboration between the Belmont Citizens Forum and Sustainable Belmont.
The group aims to educate the Belmont citizens about stormwater issues, particularly about nature-based solutions to stormwater management issues. The presentation focused on how to visualize the water system of a community and to identify green infrastructure opportunities.
The beta Zofnass Information Tool can be accessed here.


text:
operating system recognizes different classes of logins. How you log in
to the system determines the login class to which you
belong. Based on your login class, as well as the time of day or day of
the week, the system manager controls your access to the system.
1.5.1 Interactive Logins
Interactive logins include the following login classes:
You log in from a terminal connected directly to the central
processor or from a terminal server that communicates directly with the
You log in to a terminal that uses a modem and a telephone line to
make a connection to the computer system. Depending on the terminal
that your system uses, you might need to execute a few additional steps
initially. Your site security administrator can give you the necessary
You log in to a node over the network by entering the DCL command
SET HOST. For example, to access the remote node HUBBUB, you enter the
If you have access to an account on node HUBBUB, you can log in to
that account from your local node. You have access to the facilities on
node HUBBUB, but you remain physically connected to your local node.
For additional information on remote sessions, see Section 1.12.2.
1.5.2 Noninteractive Logins
Noninteractive logins include the following:
- Network Logins
The system performs a network login when you initiate a network
task on a remote node, such as displaying the contents of a directory
or copying files stored in a directory on another node. Both your
current system and the remote system must be nodes in the same network.
In the file specification, you identify the target node and provide an
access control string, which includes your user name and password for
the remote node.
For example, a network login occurs when user
GREG, who has an account on remote node PARIS, enters the following
$ DIRECTORY PARIS"GREG 8G4FR93A"::WORK2:[PUBLIC]*.*;*
This command displays a listing of all the files in the public
directory on disk WORK2. It also reveals the password 8G4FR93A. A more
secure way to perform the same task would be to use a proxy account on
node PARIS. For an example of a proxy login, see
- Batch Logins
The system performs a batch login when a batch job that you
submitted runs. Authorization to build the job is
determined at the time the job is submitted. When the system prepares
to execute the job, the job controller creates a noninteractive process
that logs in to your account. No password is required when the job logs
1.6 Login Failures
Logins can fail for any number of reasons. One of your passwords might
have changed or your account might have expired. You might be
attempting to log in over the network or from a modem but be
unauthorized to do so. The following table summarizes common reasons
for login failure:
No response from the terminal
A defective terminal, a terminal that requires a system password, or a
terminal that is not powered on.
No response from any terminal
The system is down.
No response from the terminal when you enter the system password
The system password changed.
"User authorization failure"
A typing error in your user name or password.
The account or password expired.
"Not authorized to log in from this source"
Your particular class of login (local, dialup, remote, interactive,
batch, or network) is prohibited.
"Not authorized to log in at this time"
You do not have access to log in during this hour or this day of the
"User authorization failure" (and no known user failure occurred)
An apparent break-in has been attempted at the terminal using your user
name, and the system has temporarily disabled all logins at that
terminal by your user name.
The following sections describe the reasons for login failure in more
1.6.1 Terminals That Require System Passwords
You cannot log in if the terminal you attempt to use requires a system
password and you are unaware of the requirement. All attempts at
logging in fail until you enter the system password.
If you know the system password, perform the steps described in
Section 1.3.5. If your attempts fail, it is possible that the system
password has been changed. If you do not know the system password and
you suspect that this is the problem, try to log in at another terminal
or request the new system password.
1.6.2 Login Class Restrictions
If you attempt a class of login that is prohibited in your UAF record,
your login will fail. For example, your security administrator can
restrict you from logging in over the network. If you attempt a network
login, you receive a message telling you that you are not authorized to
log in from this source.
Your security administrator can restrict your logins to include or
exclude any of the following classes: local, remote, dialup, batch, or
1.6.3 Shift Restrictions
Another cause of login difficulty is failure to observe your shift
restrictions. A system manager or security administrator can control
access to the system based on the time of day or the day of the week.
These restrictions are imposed on classes of logins. The security
administrator can apply the same work-time restrictions to all classes
of logins or choose to place different restrictions on different login
If you attempt a login during a time prohibited for that login class,
your login fails. The system notifies you that you are not authorized
to log in at this time.
1.6.4 Batch Jobs During Shift Restrictions
When shift restrictions apply to batch jobs, jobs you submit that are
scheduled to run outside your permitted work times are not run. The
system does not automatically resubmit such jobs during your next
available permitted work time. Similarly, if you have initiated any
kind of job and attempt to run it beyond your permitted time periods,
the job controller aborts the uncompleted job when the end of your
allocated work shift is reached. This job termination behavior applies
to all jobs.
1.6.5 Failures During Dialup Logins
Your security administrator can control the number of opportunities you
are given to enter a correct password during a dialup login before the
connection is automatically broken.
If your login fails and you have attempts remaining, press the Enter
key and try again. You can do this until you succeed or reach the
limit. If the connection is lost, you can redial the access line and
The typical reason for limiting the number of dialup login failures is
to discourage unauthorized users attempting to learn passwords by trial
and error. They already have the advantage of anonymity because of the
dialup line. Of course, limiting the number of tries for each dialup
does not necessarily stop this kind of break-in attempt. It only
requires the perpetrator to redial and start another login.
1.6.6 Break-In Evasion Procedures
If anyone has made a number of failed attempts to log in at the same
terminal with your user name, the system can respond as though a
break-in attempt is in progress. That is, the system
concludes that someone is attempting to gain illegal access to the
system by using your user name.
At the discretion of your security administrator, break-in evasion
measures can be in effect for all users of the system. The security
administrator controls how many password attempts are allowed over what
period of time. Once break-in evasion tactics are triggered, you cannot
log in to the terminal---even with your correct password---during a
defined interval. Your security administrator can tell you how long you
must wait before reattempting the login, or you can move to another
terminal to attempt a login.
If you suspect that break-in evasion is preventing your login and you
have not personally experienced any login failures, contact your
security administrator immediately. Together, you should attempt
another login and check the message that reveals the number of login
failures since the last login to confirm or deny your suspicion of
break-in attempts. (If your system does not normally display the login
message, your security administrator can use the Authorize utility
(AUTHORIZE) to examine the data in your UAF record.) With prompt
action, your security administrator can locate someone attempting
logins at another terminal.
1.7 Changing Passwords
Changing passwords on a regular basis promotes system security. To
change your password, enter the DCL command SET PASSWORD.
The system manager can allow you to select a password on your own or
can require that you use the automatic password generator when you
change your password. If you select your own password, note that the
password must follow system restrictions on length and acceptability
(see Section 1.3.3).
There is no restriction on how many times you can change your password
in a given period of time.
The following example shows a password choice that is too short:
$ SET PASSWORD
%SET-F-INVPWDLEN, password length must be between 12 and 32
characters; password not changed


text:
the World's Fastest Bicycle
Mr Lachlan Thompson FIEAust.
Research Leader Sports Technology, Department of Aerospace
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
Australian track cyclists won impressive victories at the
1995, '96 and '97 World Track Championships and the 15th Commonwealth
Games. The Australian team used with stunning effect a unique
carbon fibre monocoque bicycle designed and built by a project
team from the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT
University) and the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS). Developed
in consultation with Charlie Walsh, the national track cycling
coach, this new bicycle, the 'AIS/RMIT Superbike', has allowed
the Australian riders like Shane Kelly to set new records.
Continued development has resulted in over twelve World Championship
titles and four world records. Including the World record
for the kilometre Individual Time Trial set by Shane Kelly
development and application of new wind tunnel testing techniques
have resulted in a fifteen per cent reduction in power over
the traditional diamond frame. Extensive use of a water tunnel
and wind tunnel have enabled the team to optimise the frame
profile for minimum aerodynamic interference from the rider's
leg motion. Structural design loads were derived from track
testing with strain gauged frames. Finite element analysis
techniques were validated through extensive material testing.
Throughout the development program extensive use was made
of validated performance simulation. The simulation provided
evaluation of stiffness, aerodynamics and weight. These simulations
enabled rapid assessment of concepts. Track testing with power
meters and strain gauged frames were used to refine design
data and wind tunnel test techniques.
order to produce the resulting bicycle new manufacturing techniques
had to be developed. Unlike most equipment used by elite athletes
the AIS/RMIT 'Superbike' has been designed for low cost, high
volume manufacture. The hollow frame is moulded as a single
unit in a one shot process suitable for automation. The frame
was designed to accept standard group sets and wheels. The
AIS and RMIT University has lodged patents on the unique features
of the manufacturing process. Bicycle Technologies Pty Ltd
(Australia) has commenced commercial manufacture of track
and road variants. The New Zealand National Track Cycling
Team has selected the 'Superbike' for the 1997 and 1999 seasons.
It is anticipated that the technology will enable a new manufacturing
industry to be developed in Australia.
engineering development has resulted in the project winning
an Engineering Excellence Award from the Institution of Engineers
Australia, two Innovation Awards and the 1995 Velo News Award
for "Best Technical Development for 1995 in Road or Track".
This paper discuses the engineering techniques, research and
project management required to create the Australian Superbike.
stunning ride by Chris Boardman on the Lotus Bicycle(1)
in the Barcelona Olympics heralded a dramatic change in Olympic
track cycling. The UCI's rule change opened the door for the
monocoque bicycle to show its potential. Unlike the much later
Lotus Sport, Boardman's bicycle was a one-off with highly
specialised components. His ride did however set the stage
for a new era in competitive cycling
Chris Boardman rode to Olympic Gold the RMIT and AIS project
team set out to build a 'Superbike'. The RMIT-AIS team sought
a design that optimises weight, stiffness and aerodynamics
while conforming to the rules of the Union Cyclist Internationale
(UCI). The University was at the time seeking a suitable project
to demonstrate new low cost advanced composite manufacturing
techniques. The project team included engineers, technicians
and students from RMIT Aerospace Engineering, the AIS and
RMIT Industrial Design.
Olympic track cycling coach Charlie Walsh defined the initial
design criteria with the project team in late 1992. The resulting
bicycle must use a conventional group set of standard(3,6)
cranks, bearings, brakes, wheels, forks, handlebars, seat,
etc. Further criteria imposed by RMIT was that the design
must equal or exceed the structural stiffness of a steel bicycle
while offering lower aerodynamic drag and weight without compromising
reliability. It was also desirable for commercial purposes
that the resulting design be suitable for low cost, high volume
deg. ±0.05 deg.
deg. ±0.05 deg.
bracket shell height
mm ±1.0 below rear axle
of plane twist
tolerances(6) used in developing the 'Superbike'
this project the needs of the end user were paramount to the
success of the end product. Competition bicycles are made
to the rider's individual specific requirements. The client
specifications were defined and completely fulfilled. These
specifications included critical geometry as shown below and
certain subjective characteristics as ride and comfort. Stiffness,
strength, reliability and use of standard components were
systems engineering approach was adopted for the project.
A requirement analysis was undertaken to establish the
design criteria and project milestones. The project
plan and budget were developed using the findings of
this analysis. Riding position and frame geometry defined
by the AIS were checked against a current AIS Olympic
steel frame. This same frame was later used to define
minimum stiffness criteria.
1: Gary Neiwand test rides the strain-gauged prototype
design could take place a mathematical performance model was
written and validated. The mathematical model was validated
against actual track performances using the SRM dynamometer
crank system. This permitted an extensive analysis of each
component in the bicycle system including the rider. The results
of this investigation showed that the frame and front fork
handle bars to be priority components for research. The requirement
analysis also identified that aerodynamic testing techniques
were not giving repeatable results of sufficient accuracy.
Development of improved wind tunnel techniques was considered
a high priority.
in design was maintained throughout the project by maintaining
design files and technical reports on each task. Coupon testing
provided material properties for the Finite Element Models(4)
(FEM). Laboratory tests were used to prove structural details
before progressing to track testing.
track and wind tunnel testing was used to validate design
changes. Each phase of the project has required critical evaluation
by both the design team and the national track cycling team.
Decisions were made at project or task meetings to ensure
prompt reporting of results and effective implementation of
prototype was required to undergo structural testing for stiffness
followed by a general inspection. Modal analysis is being
developed as a tool for non-destructive inspection and quality
control. This technique of vibration analysis(2)
will provide a cost effective "finger print" technique
for production quality control.
In order to minimise aerodynamic drag new and innovative wind
tunnel testing techniques were developed. This included the
use of artificial legs to accurately study the airflow over
the bicycle. With this unique rig the aerodynamics of the
complete system could be represented.
investigations showed that the rider's legs dramatically influenced
the flow pattern(6) and resulting drag.
To obtain accurate and repeatable wind tunnel results with
live athletes was extremely difficult. The sensitive wind
tunnel balance required precise knowledge of the centre of
mass in order to apply corrections for induced forces due
to moment couples. In the development of the 'Superbike' the
rider was replaced with a pair of lightweight Styrofoam®
legs. A similar lightweight torso, head and arms could also
be fitted. The rear wheel was driven by an electric motor
beneath the wind tunnel floor. A simple belt drive under the
floor also drove the front wheel. By having the motor and
drive system part of the bicycle accurate and repeatable drag
measurement was possible.
May 1993 the project team arrived at a basic conceptual design
for a carbon fibre monocoque bicycle. A prototype of this
design was built for initial testing. Wind tunnel testing
was carried out to refine the aerodynamic shape. The instrumented
prototype was evaluated on the track by world champion sprint
cyclist Gary Neiwand. This testing allowed the engineers to
determine handling characteristics and the loads encountered
during competition. The data obtained was used to optimise
prototypes for testing and competition has resulted
in the 'Superbike' meeting or exceeding all of the design
criteria. Independent tests on the 1994 variant by Dr.
Neil Craig of the South Australian Institute(6)
of Sport at the Adelaide Superdrome showed the 'Superbike'
to require 5% less power than the then current steel
AIS Olympic tubular frame.
improvement was made possible by designing a new wind
tunnel balance. The use of a 'hover board' bicycle mounting
eliminated balance interactions. This technique allowed
further refinement and development of the 'Superbike.
2: Moving artificial legs simulates the disturbed airflow
around the bicycle.
performance(6) improvement of RMIT-AIS 'Superbike'.
XVth Commonwealth Games
carbon fibre blade forks and wing handlebars World Championships
integrated fork-handlebars World Championships Manchester
The requirement study showed that a one-size monocoque shell
could be developed to suit a wide range of rider size. One
single size of the 'Superbike' can accommodate riders from
1600 mm to 1900 mm in height.
'Superbike' is unique in that it has been designed from the
outset to be of a shape and structure that can be easily and
cheaply produced in high volume(3).
This manufacturing feature, a 'one size fits all concept',
removes the necessity for multiple and expensive tooling.
The use of a complete


text:
A new exhibition celebrating Plymouth's civil engineering heritage has opened on the University of Plymouth campus.
The Lighthouses, Bridges and Breakwaters exhibition in the Sherwell Centre hopes to inspire future engineers by highlighting the city's groundbreaking engineering works – both historic and modern.
It features information panels exploring the original construction of the iconic Smeaton's Tower Lighthouse, Tamar Bridge and Plymouth Breakwater, as well as modern changes like the innovative 2002 bridge widening.
It also shines a light on modern research currently being undertaken at the University of Plymouth's COAST Lab, which uses computer modelling to predict wave patterns.
Professor Deborah Greaves, head of the university's school of engineering, said the exhibit was "an opportunity to inspire current and prospective students, and our many thousands of graduates, and to demonstrate what an education in engineering can enable them to achieve".
The exhibition marks the 200th anniversary of the founding of the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) and coincides with the 2018 Year of Engineering.
It is also part of Plymouth Museum's Museum on Tour programme, getting exhibits out and about while the Museum and Art Gallery building is being redeveloped.
Cllr Glenn Jordan, Plymouth cabinet member for culture, said: "This is an important anniversary to commemorate and an exciting time to find out about all the things that will help shape our city and world in the future."
The exhibition runs till March 17. Opening hours are 9am to 6.30pm Monday to Saturday and entry is free. Information on related events can be found at _URL_
With 2018 the Year of Engineering, Plymouth has a whole history of iconic engineering innovation to shout about.
Royal Albert Bridge
When the decision was made to take the West Country railway extension along the coast in the mid-1800's the question was: how to get it over the Tamar River?
An early idea focussed on using the Torpoint Chain Ferry to take the railway across the river. However, this was soon replaced by Isambard Kingdom Brunel's plans for a unique, bow arch self-supporting viaduct at Saltash.
The construction project, which opened in 1859, was a huge success and is still in use today.
Plymouth and Saltash gained another crossing when the Tamar Bridge was built between 1959 and 1961. It was originally designed to handle 20,000 road crossings a day, but by the nineties usage was twice that.
Something needed to be done, but building a new bridge would be time consuming and expensive, and closing the existing bridge to strengthen it would cause major disruption for diverted traffic.
The award-winning solution, carried out between 1999 and 2001, was to add additional lanes to the outside of the bridge so that traffic could continue to cross whilst work was carried out. Once strengthening had been completed, the additional lanes were left for permanent use.
This iconic Plymouth tower was originally built in 1759 as one of four lighthouses marking the dangerous Eddystone Reef out at sea.
It was named after its designer John Smeaton, one of the leading civil engineers of the time, and its inwardly-curved profile gave it extra strength.
But by 1884 the tower was under threat from the eroding and insecure reef beneath it. The decision was made to move it inland, and it remains one of Plymouth's best known landmarks.
In the early 1800's pressure grew to provide Plymouth's naval vessels with a safe base near to their dockyard. The natural harbour was just too dangerous to anchor in.
Work began on the breakwater in 1811-12. Options that would have attached the breakwater to land were rejected in favour of an 'unattached' design that retained the historic shipping routes into Plymouth.
Much of the breakwater sits below the surface, and the angled arms calm the water. The result benefits both naval and maritime ships
Plymouth's links to engineering innovation are not only in the past.
Plymouth University's COAST Lab uses computer modelling to predict wave patterns, as well as researching how renewable wave energy technology can be built into breakwater designs.


text:
Learning about larceny: experience can bias bumble bees to rob nectar
AffiliationUniv Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol
MetadataShow full item record
CitationBarker, J.L., Dornhaus, A., Bronstein, J.L. et al. Behav Ecol Sociobiol (2018) 72: 68. _URL_
Rights© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018
Collection InformationThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at _EMAIL_.
AbstractHow do nectar-feeding animals choose among alternative flower-handling tactics? Such decisions have consequences not only for animal fitness (via food intake) but for plant fitness as well: many animals can choose to "rob" nectar through holes chewed in the base of a flower instead of "legitimately" collecting it through the flower's opening, thus failing to contact pollen. Although variation within a species in these nectar-foraging tactics is well documented, it is largely unknown why some individuals specialize (at least in the short term) on robbing, others on legitimate visitation, and others switch between these behaviors. We investigated whether the tendency to rob nectar through previously-made holes (secondary robbing) is influenced by prior foraging experience. In a laboratory experiment, we trained groups of bumble bees (Bombus impatiens) either to visit artificial flowers legitimately or to secondary-rob; a third group received no training. On subsequent visits to flowers, all bees had the opportunity to use either foraging tactic. We found that experience did affect bees' tendency to secondary-rob: trained bees were more likely to adopt the tactic they had previously experienced. Untrained bees initially sampled both tactics, but over time preferred to secondary-rob. Experience also increased bees' success at gaining nectar from flowers, but only when visiting flowers legitimately (the less preferred tactic). Overall, these findings highlight the importance of experience in animals' choices of alternative handling tactics while foraging and help explain long-standing observations of variation in nectar-robbing behavior among individuals of the same population. Significance statement Animals that can adopt alternative behaviors frequently use only one of them. A widespread but little understood example of this is nectar feeding, in which foragers can choose between "legitimately" collecting nectar through a flower's opening or "robbing" nectar via holes chewed through a flower's base. We showed in a laboratory experiment that prior foraging experience can bias bumble bees' choices to rob nectar from pre-existing holes (i.e., to "secondary"-rob). Initial exposure to flowers that could only be robbed or only be legitimately visited increased bees' tendency to subsequently adopt that behavior at the expense of sampling the alternative behavior, even when other bees seemed to prefer the alternative. These results help explain field observations that bees often specialize on a single nectar-collecting behavior and that there is individual variation in which behavior is adopted, contributing to our understanding of nectar robbing from the animals' perspective.
Note12 month embargo; published online: 29 March 2018
VersionFinal accepted manuscript
SponsorsNational Institutes of Health [5K12GM000708-13]; National Science Foundation [DEB-_PHONE_, DEB-_PHONE_, IOS-_PHONE_, IOS-_PHONE_]; Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies-Marie Curie COFUND Fellowship


text:
Supply Chain Frauds and 3 Ways to Fix it
Business runs on the Complex Networks of Business Operations, Resources and resource Partner networks, the opportunities for fraud, waste, and abuse have multiplied. Companies have to look into their system to scrutinize as well as fix the gaps identified.
In an article published by, David Landsman, Marcus Puschke, Lilliana Grbic, and Stephanie Overby the Supply Chain Frauds were assessed, based on that,
Supply chain fraud – Most common can be listed as follows:
- Falsified labor
- Inflated bills or expense accounts
- Bribery and corruption
- Phantom vendor accounts or invoices
- Bid rigging
- Grey markets (counterfeit or knockoff products)
- Failure to meet specifications (resulting in substandard or dangerous goods)
- Unauthorized disbursements
The below infographic details, how companies can address with 3 steps approach.
Detailed Q&A can be Read Here:


text:
Syntax: GetAsText ( data )
dataAny field or expression that returns a number, date, time, timestamp, or container.
Data type returned: Text
Description: GetAsText() returns the text equivalent of data in any other data type. You can then manipulate the data as you would any other text string.
When applied to a container field that stores a reference to an object, GetAsText() returns the path to the container data. If the container data is embedded in the database, GetAsText() returns a question mark.
One frequent use of GetAsText() is to get the path and filename information for container data stored as a reference. You can then parse the path information and build links to other objects in the same location.
In most cases, you do not need to explicitly coerce number, date, and time data into text before performing text operations on the data. Text functions operate on numbers, dates, and times as if they were text strings, even if you don't wrap the data with GetAsText().
GetAsText (Get (CurrentDate))
Might return 3/8/2004.
: FileMaker Specifications
FileMaker 8 Product Line
Specifications and Storage Limits
Field Types and Import/Export Formats
: Calculation Functions
Working with Calculations Primer
: Custom Functions
Custom Functions Primer
Useful Custom Functions
: Script Steps
Script Step Reference
: Quick Reference
FileMaker Error Codes
FileMaker Keyboard Shortcuts
FileMaker Network Ports
FileMaker Server Command Line Reference
FileMaker XML Reference
: Other Resources
Where to Go for More Information


text:
Apple Snow. Light yet rich, this dessert was popular during Elizabethan times. Apple Snow is a mouthwatering concoction of apples, sugar, egg whites and cream.
Bread and Butter Pudding. A useful winter standby, using everyday ingredients – a great way of using up bread which is a few days old. Slices of buttered bread are layered in a dish, each layer sprinkled with currents or sultanas. The bread is covered with an egg, milk and sugar mix and baked in the oven.
Bread Pudding. A recipe meant for stale bread. The first stage of making is to soak the bread in water – this can be done overnight. Equal quantities of dried fruit, suet and sugar are added to the soaked bread, together with spices such as cloves and cinnamon. Milk and eggs are added and the mixture is baked. Bread pudding is cut into square portions when out of the oven. It can be eaten hot or cold, with cream, custard or ice cream.
Crumble. Fruit crumbles – seasonal fruits mixed with sugar and topped with a crumbly topping – send an inviting smell through a house whilst they are cooking. English classics include apple crumble, apple and blackberry crumble and rhubarb crumble. The crumble topping is made from flour, sugar and butter – part of the fun of making a crumble is rubbing in the butter by hand. Variations on the topping include mixing oats with the flour and adding cinnamon to the topping for apple crumble.
Eton Mess. A dessert traditionally offered to Etonians (those attending the exclusive Eton College) on 4 June. Mashed strawberries, crushed meringues and cream are mixed together to create Eton Mess; try serving this pudding in glasses, decorated with whole or halved strawberries.
Queen of Puddings. A pudding fit for a queen – Queen of Puddings is said to have been created in Buckingham Palace for Queen Victoria. The pudding's foundation is custard and breadcrumbs which are spread with a layer of jam and topped with meringue.
Rice Pudding. You may have come across A A Milne's poem Rice Pudding. What is the matter with Mary Jane? She's perfectly well, and she hasn't a pain, And it's lovely rice pudding for dinner again. Many connoisseurs of rice pudding (key ingredients milk, rice and sugar) particularly enjoy the skin that forms on top during baking. A variation on this dish is Macaroni Pudding – cooked macaroni is used in place of rice.
Summer Pudding. A light, refreshing pudding requiring minimal cooking which makes best use of whatever summer fruits are available. A pudding basin is lined with bread slices, which overlap and are trimmed as necessary to create even cover. Fruits for the pudding – these can be any combination of soft fruits such as blackcurrants, blackberries, gooseberries (in moderation), raspberries or redcurrants – are briefly cooked with sugar. Cooked fruit is placed in the bread casing, and the mixture is then topped with more bread. A saucer or weight is placed on top of the pudding whilst it is left for several hours or overnight in the fridge. The resulting pudding will have infused the fruit juices, changing the colour of the bread.


Article
Experimental and Theoretical Charge Density Distribution in a Host Guest System: Synthetic Terephthaloyl Receptor Complexed to Adipic Acid
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry A (Impact Factor: 2.69). 04/2012; 116(23):5618-28. DOI: 10.1021/jp210803m
Source: PubMed
ABSTRACT
The experimental charge density distributions in a host-guest complex have been determined. The host, 1,4-bis[[(6-methylpyrid-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]benzene (1) and guest, adipic acid (2). The molecular geometries of 1 and 2 are controlled by the presence in the complex of intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions and the presence in the host 1 of intramolecular hydrogen bonding motifs. This system therefore serves as an excellent model for studying noncovalent interactions and their effects on structure and electron density, and the transferability of electron distribution properties between closely related molecules. For the complex, high resolution X-ray diffraction data created the basis for a charge density refinement using a pseudoatomic multipolar expansion (Hansen-Coppens formalism) against extensive low-temperature (T = 100 K) single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and compared with a selection of theoretical DFT calculations on the same complex. The molecules crystallize in the noncentrosymmetric space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) with two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. A topological analysis of the resulting density distribution using the atoms in molecules methodology is presented along with multipole populations, showing that the host and guest structures are relatively unaltered by the geometry changes on complexation. Three separate refinement protocols were adopted to determine the effects of the inclusion of calculated hydrogen atom anisotropic displacement parameters on hydrogen bond strengths. For the isotropic model, the total hydrogen bond energy differs from the DFT calculated value by ca. 70 kJ mol(-1), whereas the inclusion of higher multipole expansion levels on anisotropic hydrogen atoms this difference is reduced to ca. 20 kJ mol(-l), highlighting the usefulness of this protocol when describing H-bond energetics.
1 Follower
 ·
9 Reads
 - [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
 ABSTRACT: The first systematic electronic resolution study of a series of urea-based anion receptor complexes is presented. The hydrogen bonding in these multi-component systems was fully characterised using Bader's Quantum Theory of Atoms In Molecules (QTAIM) with the strength of the various N-Hanion hydrogen bonds quantified and the individual contributions of different intermolecular forces to the overall receptor: anion interaction derived by comparison of the charge densities in the related complexes. The strength of the N-Hanion hydrogen bonds was correlated to the basicity of the anion and related to the structure of the receptors. The geometric criteria used to identify hydrogen bonding interactions in standard resolution X-ray diffraction studies were shown to be valid for stronger interactions. However, these geometric criteria are less reliable and lead to assumptions that are not necessarily upheld when applied to weaker intermolecular interactions. The presence of these could only be confirmed by charge density studies. The effect that changes to the receptor substitution pattern have on the entire supramolecular system is illustrated by the differences in the electrostatic potential distributions and atomic charges across the series. The application of systematic high resolution studies to rationalise a variety of host-guest systems has been demonstrated.
 No preview · Article · Apr 2014 · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
 - Source
 [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
 ABSTRACT: The charge density distribution in 2,2'-Dihydroxy-1,1'-naphthalazine (Pigment Yellow 101; P.Y.101) has been determined using high-resolution X-ray diffraction and multipole refinement, along with density functional theory calculations. Topological analysis of the resulting densities highlights the localisation of single/double bonds in the central C=N-N=C moiety of the molecule in its ground state. The density in the N—N is examined in detail, where we show that very small differences between experiment and theory are amplified by use of the Laplacian of the density. Quantification of hydrogen bonds highlights the importance of the intramolecular N—H…O interaction, known to be vital for retention of fluorescence in the solid state, relative to the many but weak intermolecular contacts located. However, a popular method for deriving H-bond strengths from density data appears to struggle with the intramolecular N—H…O interaction. We also show that theoretical estimation of anisotropic displacements for hydrogen atoms brings little benefit overall, and degrades agreement with experiment for one intra-molecular contact.
 Full-text · Article · Jan 2015 · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics


text:
A window well is the excavated area outside of your basement window that is similar to a trench, and consists of a steel metal sheet that acts as a retaining wall against the surrounding dirt to help drain water away. All basement window wells must be built below grade and require proper drainage installed to prevent water leaking inside your basement. Unfortunately, mistakes are made and some people do experience water damage to their basement caused by improper installation of their window well.
When a basement window is the source of water damage, the next step is to contact a window well repair professional to assess the area and determine the cause for well failure. Common problems include a homeowner installing a new or enlarging an existing window well and not excavating down to the weeping tile for proper drainage, or the well was not properly attached to the wall of the home. When a window well is not properly attached, the ground beneath the well shifts from Edmonton's freezing temperatures which can lift the well and cause soil and debris to plug the drain pipe.
To solidify window well repair, hire a team who has the equipment to properly excavate down to the weeping tile and the ability to pack down soil firm to prevent ground shift issues throughout each season. Window well waterproofing is done once the area is properly excavated, the well is properly fastened to the wall, and gravel is laid down at the footing above the weeping tile and at the base of the window to allow water to slowly flow to the storm drain.
The team at Abarent Construction ltd. has over 20 years of experience in window well repair and window well upgrading. Get in touch with us if your window well is causing a concern. We can discuss your concerns and let you know about your options. We serve BC and Alberta and have offices in Edmonton and Vancouver.
Access to the site was a challenge. Material to be removed and replaced had to be loaded into wheelbarrows and pushed uphill and down. It was an arduous undertaking and the men on the job worked very hard. The work ethic and discipline of the crew was impressive. As well, we were very pleased with the workmanship and clean-up following completion of the project.★ ★ ★ ★ ★
Owen and Linda De Bathe
(After a record-breaking rainfall in July 2012 and days before we were leaving on vacation, we returned home and) found that our basement was flooded...The Abarent team had done what I thought was impossible. They installed the weeping tile in two days over the long weekend and on a very tight deadline. Their crew was very professional and know what they were doing... Two days before our vacation, the project was complete and we were able to leave and enjoy our family vacation without worrying about flooding.★ ★ ★ ★ ★
I would like to take this opportunity to thank you for a job well done. After this past weekend's deluge, our basement was left completely dry.★ ★ ★ ★ ★
Aileen & Wayne Dembicki
(We) were very pleased with the services that your company provided to Woodvale Colony Park, and especially appreciated your efforts in helping us understand and resolve the problem. We would not hesitate in recommending your company for future work.★ ★ ★ ★ ★
Woodvale Colony Park and Estate Management
COMMITTED TO A GREAT CLIENT EXPERIENCE SINCE 1989


Skip to main content
Using the IoT Dashboard App
Using the steps described here, you can develop an app that allows you to get sensor data over MQTT, plot the data in POI details dialogs and show the ones that have exceeded an adjustable threshold. Default POIs can be used alongside custom sensor POIs.
This example has three separate modules that operate individually: The frontend, MQTT broker and the backend.
The frontend is built using the NavVis IVION API. The backend uses Node.js and simulates the sensors. Both modules are written with TypeScript. MQTT broker is a Docker container with RabbitMQ MQTT Broker installed.
To use the IoT Dashboard App, download the sample app.
Backend
The backend is a simple Node.js app that simulates the sensors.
TemperatureSensor and PressureSensor classes represents a sensor instance. They generate pseudo-realistic sensory data that is generated within a range. When the data is generated, it is published to the corresponding MQTT topic. (/iot/temperature/{sensor_id} or iot/pressure/{sensor_id}).
The backend application also exposes several endpoints. /temperature/{sensor_id} lists a temperature sensor's historical data. /pressure/{sensor_id} lists a pressure sensor's historical data.
The sensor ids can be listed using /temperature/ or /pressure/ endpoints.
You can run the backend using the following commands in the iot-dashboard-backend folder:
npm install
npm start
Setting up MQTT Broker
MQTT Broker is a standard Docker container with RabbitMQ MQTT broker installed.
Follow these steps to set up MQTT Broker:
Note: The broker needs to be configured to support MQTT over WebSockets. Make sure ports 1883 and 15675 are accessible.
 1. Create the container:
 sudo docker run --hostname navvis-rabbitmq --name navvis-rabbitmq -p 5672:5672 -p 15672:15672 -p 1883:1883 -p 15675:15675 -td rabbitmq:3
 2. Enter the container terminal:
 sudo docker exec -it navvis-rabbitmq bash
 3. Enable required plugins:
 rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
 rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_web_mqtt
 4. Exit the container terminal:
 exit
 5. Create a new file named rabbitmq.conf.
 loopback_users.guest = false
 listeners.tcp.default = 5672
 management.tcp.port = 15672
 mqtt.listeners.tcp.default = 1883
 ## Default MQTT with TLS port is 8883
 # mqtt.listeners.ssl.default = 8883
 # anonymous connections, if allowed, will use the default
 # credentials specified here
 mqtt.allow_anonymous = true
 mqtt.default_user = guest
 mqtt.default_pass = guest
 mqtt.vhost = /
 mqtt.exchange = amq.topic
 # 24 hours by default
 mqtt.subscription_ttl = 86400000
 mqtt.prefetch = 10
 6. Replace the config file in the container with the new config file:
 sudo docker cp rabbitmq.conf navvis-rabbitmq:/etc/rabbitmq/
Frontend
The frontend module is responsible for getting sensor data via MQTT, plotting the data in POI details dialogs and showing the ones that have exceeded an adjustable threshold.
POIs that exceed a certain threshold will enter alert mode. Their icon will change and they will be displayed in the site menu dashboard.
This is accomplished by defining new POI groups and types. In this case Temperature is the POI group and Temperature Normal and Temperature Alert are the types that belong to the group.
POIs that have a sensor attached to them switch to the Alert POI type when the sensor exceeds a certain threshold value. They will return back to the Normal POI type when the sensor no longer exceeds the threshold.
Default POIs can be used alongside custom sensor POIs.
What the frontend does can be summarized as follows:
 1. Find all nearby POIs that have a sensor attached to them.
 2. Subscribe to the MQTT topics of the nearby POIs.
 3. Update the POIs according to the incoming data.
 4. Periodically update the site menu dashboard with POIs that have exceeded their threshold values.
The app contains reusable components. The three main components are: PoiChart, PoiConfigurationSidebarMenuDashboard. It also has several helper services: PoiHelperServiceSensorDataHelperServiceToggleablePoiService and CommunicationService.
Running the Frontend
Follow these steps to run the frontend:
While NavVis IVION is working in the background go to the iot-dashboard-app folder and run:
npm install
npm run serve
Components
The app has three main components (PoiChartPoiConfigurationSidebarMenuDashboard) and an abstract parent class PoiDialogModule.
PoiChart
PoiChart is a class that contains all the functions that are needed to create and append a chart to a POI dialog. It extends the parent class PoiDialogModule.
Its main function drawChart receives three parameters.
// ./src/js/components/poi-chart/PoiChart.ts
...
public drawChart(chartData: FormattedSensorDatum[], threshold: number, yDomain: number[]): void
...
 - chartData is the historical data of the current POI. It is listed by the backend using /temperature/{sensor_id} or /pressure/{sensor_id} endpoints and formatted using SensorDataHelperService.
 - threshold is a number that is used to draw the threshold line in the chart.
 - yDomain is the range for which the chart will be drawn. For example, if the yDomain is [10,100] the chart will have a minimum value of 10 and a maximum value of 100 on the y-axis.
The example below shows how to use PoiChart.
// ./src/js/index.ts
...
this.poiChart.drawChart(this.historicalData, this.threshold, this.SENSOR_TYPES[type].range);
...
PoiConfiguration
PoiConfiguration is a class that appends a configuration panel with various input fields to the POI dialog. It extends the parent class PoiDialogModule.
Its main function addToDialog receives one parameter.
// ./src/js/components/poi-configuration/PoiConfiguration.ts
...
public addToDialog(configs: Configuration): InputBoxesDictionary
...
configs is the configuration template that is used to define the input fields.
// ./src/js/components/poi-configuration/PoiConfiguration.ts
...
export type Configuration = {
[key: string]: {
label: string,
type: ConfigsType,
min?: number,
max?: number,
options?: HTMLOptionElement[],
value: number
};
}
...
The addToDialog function returns a dictionary of HTMLElement representing the input field boxes. The key of each entry corresponds to the key of the Configuration object.
The example below shows how to use PoiConfiguration.
// ./src/js/index.ts
...
const configs: Configuration = {};
configs["threshold"] = {
label: "Threshold",
type: ConfigsType.SLIDER,
min: this.SENSOR_TYPES[poiGroup].range[0],
max: this.SENSOR_TYPES[poiGroup].range[1],
value: customData.threshold || this.SENSOR_TYPES[poiGroup].threshold
};
configs["sensorId"] = {
label: "Sensor ID",
type: ConfigsType.DROPDOWN,
options: options,
value: customData.sensorId || 0
};
const inputBoxes = this.poiConfiguration.addToDialog(configs);
...
SidebarMenuDashboard
SidebarMenuDashboard is a class that contains all the functions needed to create a site menu sensor dashboard.
Note: Learn more about adding custom menu items to the site menu here.
Its main function refreshItems receives one parameter.
// ./src/js/components/sidebar-menu-dashboard/SidebarMenuDashboard.ts
...
public refreshItems(pois: PoiInterface[]): void
...
pois is the PoiInterface array that will be shown in the site menu.
// ./src/js/index.ts
...
const poisOnAlert: PoiI


text:
- Rising Mist-Snake River
- Michael Coleman
- Depicts tipis (tepees) with mountains in background.
Note: Certain artworks from this collection feature artistic practices and/or content and subject matter that depict American Indians as stereotypes and inaccurate characterizations, which necessitate curatorial analysis and thoughtful interpretation.
- J.O. Barber Family Trust
- Credit line:
- J.O. Barber Family Trust, California Polytechnic University
The images associated with the objects on this website are protected under United States copyright laws. We are pleased to share these materials as an educational resource for the public for non-commercial, educational and personal use only, or for fair use as defined by law.
- Object Identifier (Accession #):
- No Subject Heading


text:
Large-scale genomics unveil polygenic architecture of human cortical surface area
MetadataShow full item record
Little is known about how genetic variation contributes to neuroanatomical variability, and whether particular genomic regions comprising genes or evolutionarily conserved elements are enriched for effects that influence brain morphology. Here, we examine brain imaging and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) data from ~2,700 individuals. We show that a substantial proportion of variation in cortical surface area is explained by additive effects of SNPs dispersed throughout the genome, with a larger heritable effect for visual and auditory sensory and insular cortices (h2~0.45). Genome-wide SNPs collectively account for, on average, about half of twin heritability across cortical regions (N=466 twins). We find enriched genetic effects in or near genes. We also observe that SNPs in evolutionarily more conserved regions contributed significantly to the heritability of cortical surface area, particularly, for medial and temporal cortical regions. SNPs in less conserved regions contributed more to occipital and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices.
CitationNature Communications 2015, 6:7549
PublisherNature Publishing Group
Copyright 2015 The Authors


Going off of Vigil's thread, I have some ponderings of my own when it comes to getting childre to a magical school.
We know Hogwarts children take the train, and in GoF, we saw Beauxbatons with flying carriages and Durmstrang with their ship. Granted, we don't know if these are the ways they bring their students to their schools at the beginning of the year, but it does offer some insight.
What are some other ways that other wizarding schools around the world could transport their students to and from the academies?


Windows Programming
.NET 1.1+
Mouse Clipping
Specialised applications can require that the mouse pointer is limited to a fixed portion of the screen, known as a clipping rectangle. This region can be determined and controlled by reading and setting a property of a standard.NET class.
Clipping Rectangles
Under normal circumstance the mouse pointer can be moved freely within the rectangle defined by the screen. This area is the clipping rectangle. You can change the boundaries of the rectangle to restrict the pointer movement. This is useful for specialised applications where the user should not click items outside of the rectangle.
Changing the mouse clipping rectangle should be done with care. Although the clipping is removed by switching between applications or by showing the Windows Start menu, adding clipping can be frustrating for novice users. Those who are unaware of keyboard controls may decide to power down their system unnecessarily to remove the clipping.
Getting the Clipping Rectangle
You can retrieve the current clipping rectangle boundaries using the Clip property of the Cursor class. This static property returns a Rectangle structure containing the position and size of the clipping region. The Cursor class is found in the System.Windows.Forms namespace and Rectangle is in System.Drawing, so add the following using directives:
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;
The code below shows the current clipping rectangle in a message box:
Setting the Clipping Rectangle
The Clip property may be used to constrain the mouse pointer within a specified rectangle. If the mouse pointer is not within the rectangle and the application changing the Clip property is active, the pointer will be moved to a valid position. The following sample code restricts the pointer to a 101 pixel square at the top left corner of the screen:
Cursor.Clip = new Rectangle(0, 0, 100, 100);
A common way to limit the pointer is to use the boundaries of a Windows control. First you convert the client rectangle of the control to screen co-ordinates and then apply them to the Clip property. The code below limits the mouse pointer to the boundaries of a panel control named, "MyPanel".
Cursor.Clip = MyPanel.RectangleToScreen(MyPanel.ClientRectangle);
Clearing the Clipping Rectangle
When you no longer require the clipping you should remove it. To do so, set the Clip property value to Rectangle.Empty, as follows:
Cursor.Clip = Rectangle.Empty;
20 December 2010


text:
This bone was found in May 2012 and reported through the Fishing Protocol by Dave Robinson on the Betty Peerley. The vessel was using static gear and the bone was found in the Wight sea area.
This bone was correctly identified by the finders as a mammoth bone. Lorrain Higbee, zooarchaeologist for Wessex Archaeology confirmed this identification. This bone is the proximal end of the femur or upper rear limb bone. Proximal refers to the end in closest proximity to the core of the body (antonym: distal) and this bone would originally have had a ball joint articulating to the pelvis of the animal. This example has been damaged during its time underwater and shows characteristic rounded edges caused by water action.


text:
Applying Efficient MapReduce Testing to Create Robust Big Data Systems
In the era of Big data, MapReduce, a programming model to perform large-scale data processing, has become widespread across various industries such as healthcare, banking, and retail. Applications of MapReduce in such industries include machine learning data analysis, data syncs, and asynchronous task execution. Because MapReduces handle enormous data, errors in their execution can potentially corrupt an organization's entire data system. Therefore, it is crucial for computer scientists and IT professionals to establish good testing techniques to catch these errors in advance. In this talk, we will highlight three major categories of bugs that plague MapReduces. In order to avoid these bugs and produce robust data systems, we will discuss four important testing strategies: counter-based testing, QA environment testing, hermetic environment testing, and AB testing. The presentation will conclude with an in-depth analysis of the AB testing method and its strength in detecting all three types of MapReduce bugs.


Windows Console (cmd) Tips
 - Tips
 - Tools
As a developer or an administrator, you often use the Windows Console. Before Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016, it was a pain. The main burden was the 80 columns limitation. But Microsoft has finally decided to make some improvements. The major improvement is the console now support more than 80 columns and common shortcuts such asCtrl+C and Ctrl+V. Here's are some tips to help you using the console.
Quickly open a cmd from the explorer
You often want to open a console in a specific directory. Instead of using the cd command, you can open it from the explorer. Simply enter cmd in the search bar and press enter. You can focus the search bar by pressing CTRL+L.
Open Windows Console
Of course, you can replace cmd by powershell, pwsh (PowerShell Core) or wt (Windows Terminal) 😉
Change the transparency (Ctrl+Shift+Mouse wheel)
You can change the transparency of the console using Ctrl+Shift+Mouse wheel orCtrl+Shift++ and Ctrl+Shift+-. This allows to view the window behind.
Full Screen (F11)
If you are only using the console, such as on Windows Server Core, you can show the console in full screen using F11 or Alt+Enter. This will make your Windows looks like Linux 😃
Windows Console fullscreen
Commands history (F7)
It's nice to avoid typing a command twice. The console keeps an history of all the executed commands, so you can reuse them latter. Navigating using up and down is not so useful as you don't always know which is the previous command. The console has an awesome UI for showing previous commands 😃 You can show it using F7
Windows Console history
Find text (Ctrl+F)
Sometimes you need to search in the output of a command. Of course you can read the whole output and find what you are looking for. But, if the output is very long, you'll spend long minutes. As in many applications, you can find text using Ctrl+F.
Windows Console find
Copy the output of a command to the clipboard
You can use the clip command to redirect the command output from the command line to the Windows clipboard:
echo toto | clip
You can also copy the content of a file to the clipboard:
clip < file.txt
Pipe commands between Windows and Linux
dir | wsl grep ts
wsl ls | find /i "ts"
Follow me:
Enjoy this blog?Buy Me A CoffeeDonate with PayPal
Leave a reply


text: The SDN controller serves as a sort of operating system (OS) for the network. All communications between applications and devices have to go through the controller. The OpenFlow protocol connects controller software to network devices so that server software can tell switches where to send packets. The controller uses the OpenFlow protocol to configure network devices and choose the best path for application traffic. Because the network control plane is implemented in software, rather than the firmware of hardware devices, network traffic can be managed more dynamically and at a much more granular level.


Skip Navigation
Consistent and Inconsistent Linear Systems
Systems with parallel or intersecting lines
Atoms Practice
Practice Consistent and Inconsistent Linear Systems
Practice Now
Who Done It?
Have you ever wondered how police use eyewitness statements to solve crimes? After interviewing several witnesses, it might at first seem impossible to find out "whodunit," but if investigators think of the collection of statements as a system of equations, they can start to put together the pieces of the puzzle.
Why It Matters
If one witness says the bad guy has black hair and is a man, while another one insists the criminal is female and blond, their statements are inconsistent. Based on these two statements, no conviction can be made. If two eyewitnesses both say that the criminal is an elderly gentleman with gray hair, a conviction still can't be made. That's because these are dependent statements.
To make a conviction, an officer of the law needs two independent statements that are consistent with each other. For instance, "The bank robber was middle-aged man with a red beard," and "The man who held up the bank was had a tattoo on his left arm." This same principle applies to system of equations: whether the equations are consistent, inconsistent, dependent, or independent will determine the number of solutions.
Take a look at what happens when inconsistent statements are given in court:
Explore More
Watch the video below to learn more about how forensic scientists use witness testimony to solve crimes.
Image Attributions
Please wait...
Please wait...
Original text


text:
Fourth International Conference on Advances in Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering - ACSEE 2016
Author(s) : JUSTUS NGALA AGUMBA, NAZEEM ANSARY, OLANREWAJU ABDUL BALOGUN
Economic diversification is a key policy goal for the Government of South Africa. SMEs offer a feasible option towards the actualization of this goal. The expansion of construction SMEs in South Africa, however is constrained by lack of access to bank credit. This constrained access to credit is argued in the literature to be due to the credit rationing behavior of banks emanating from asymmetric information in credit markets. Constrained access to credit stifles the growth potential of this vibrant sector which is increasingly generating employment opportunities especially for young enterprises. Department of Trade and Industry (DTI, 2007). This study therefore investigated the factors that influence the credit rationing behavior of banks towards SMEs. A deductive methodological approach was used to examine this problem. The structured survey questionnaire was administered to 179 construction small and medium organizations to elicit relevant data about their credit rationing. Binary logistic regression was applied to determine the influence of demographic variables on credit rationing. The statistical package for social science version 22 was used.The study findings suggest that the experience of SMEs reduces their probability of being credit rationed by banks. From the bank perspective the experience of SMEs is determined from their ability to keep proper financial statements, the performance of their bank accounts with the banks, and their ability to make profits. This calls for capacity building of SMEs in areas of business management (including financial record keeping) if they are to be rated as credit worthy borrowers by the banks. From the SMEs perspective, there is need for banks to improve their efficiency in terms of reduction of loan processing time and cost of borrowing (i.e. interest rate). This will improve access to bank credit by the construction SMEs and promote their growth thereby stimulating economic diversification, employment creation opportunities, and poverty reduction in line with South African Vision 2020.


text:
The Pigeon Problem
The new aircraft from mission ATLAS2 it's composed by a compacted structure shaped like a cilinder. This makes up a better isolation and a makes up a abetter aerodinamic system.
The entire aircraft can be divided in 2 sections: the top section containing the neck of the balloon, the deflation system during flight and the parachute, the second section contains the instruments and it's completely isolated from the external atmoshpere.
Let's analyze an emergency scenario: during the first phase of the flight a bird could cause an explosion of the balloon where the craft could impact without the parachute, since it's expelled at an attained altitude (14km).
It's necessary to elaborate a system that will not use electronic instruments (they could malfunction) and the mechanical solutions that could enter in a specific scenario and not during a regular flight.
To avoid the problem we decided to position a small parachute inside of the module. When the pigeon causes the explosion of the balloon, the secondary parachute (exposed in the atmosphere) it will blow up and will activate the block trigger of the explosion system of the primary parachute for the rientry of the module.
The elaborated system will allow a secured rientry even if there is going to be an explosion of the balloon due to different structure problems.


Cabin fever
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Cabin fever (disambiguation).
Cabin fever is an idiomatic term, first recorded in 1838,[1] for a claustrophobic reaction that takes place when a person or group is isolated and/or shut in a small space, with nothing to do for an extended period. Cabin fever describes the extreme irritability and restlessness a person may feel in these situations.[2]
A person may experience cabin fever in a situation such as being in a simple country vacation cottage. When experiencing cabin fever, a person may tend to sleep, have distrust of anyone they are with, and an urge to go outside even in the rain, snow, dark or hail. The phrase is also used humorously to indicate simple boredom from being home alone.[3]
Therapy[edit]
One therapy for cabin fever may be as simple as getting out and interacting with nature. Research has demonstrated that even brief interactions with nature can promote improved cognitive functioning and overall well-being.[4]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
 1. ^ "Google Ngram Viewer". Retrieved 2015-01-08.
 2. ^ "Cabin fever". Merriam Webster. Retrieved 2012-04-07.
 3. ^ Ron Alexander (2004-02-03). "Reports From the Bunkers, by Some Survivors; Homebound and Happy". New York Times.
 4. ^ Berman, Marc G.; John Jonides; Stephen Kaplan (2008-02-18). "The Cognitive Benefits of Interacting With Nature". Psychological Science 19 (12): 1207–1212. doi:10.1111/j._PHONE_.2008.02225.x.


Introduction to the Microsoft StreamInsight 1.2 release
Summary
This article introduces the Microsoft StreamInsight 1.2 release. You can download and then install this release by using Microsoft Update.
More Information
The Microsoft StreamInsight installation program installs the following components on your computer:
 - The software development kit (SDK) for developing StreamInsight applications and adapters.
 - The StreamInsight Event Flow Debugger for monitoring, for diagnosing, and for debugging StreamInsight applications.
 - The runtime libraries for StreamInsight.
The highlights of the 1.2 release are discussed in the following Microsoft StreamInsight blog:
References
The Microsoft StreamInsight documentation provides detailed information about the product. The documentation is updated periodically. To view the latest version online, visit the following Microsoft webpage:
The Microsoft StreamInsight samples provide hands-on Microsoft Visual Studio projects that explain the key concepts of Microsoft StreamInsight in running code. You can download the samples from CodePlex:
Refer to the Microsoft StreamInsight blog for late-breaking information:
For additional pointers to other documentation, visit the following SQL Server webpage:
The StreamInsight portal that is associated with Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 is available at the following Microsoft webpage:


text:
The cost-effective QickXO oscillators are housed in a 7.0x5.0mm SMD ceramic package and run on a choice of 1.8V, 2.5V or 3.3V supply voltages. The oscillators are available in the frequency range from 15MHz to 2100MHz with a wide selection of popular signal outputs including LVCMOS (up to 250MHz), LVPECL, LVDS and CML. HCSL differential outputs are also available for frequencies up to 700MHz. Within the frequency range, four output frequencies can be preset, which can be switched between using two logical control levels. The maximum frequency selection time is 2.5ms. This makes the HC_JF series ideal for multiprocessor boards where multiple frequencies are required for different processors. Instead of four different oscillators that need to be tuned to each other, the four frequencies can all be synchronized by a single clock unit.
QuickXO oscillators also offer frequency stability of ±25, ±50 or ±100ppm over the commercial temperature range of -10 to +70°C, industrial temperature range of -40 to +85°C and a low phase jitter of 150fs maximum, making them ideal for high frequency applications. The QuickXO-Oscillators are available in distribution from WDI AG.
More information: _URL_


text:
Rice Coordinated Agricultural Project(RiceCAP)
RiceCAP is the abbreviated name for the Rice Coordinated Agricultural Project. The University of Arkansas is the lead institution on this $5 million dollar, 4-year grant from the NIFA National Research Initiative (NRI) competitive grants program. Rice is an important crop for both the United States and the world, and Arkansas produces approximately half of the rice grown in the United States.
The grant title is "A Coordinated Research, Education, and Extension Project for the Application of Genomic Discoveries to Improve Rice in the United States." The project will initiate and coordinate research on rice at several institutions in different states. More importantly, it will combine research, education and extension to:
- develop new technology for rice production,
- educate the next generation of scientists in use of this technology for plant breeding, and
- through extension efforts, will educate the farmers and consumers of the value of using genomic information to improve agricultural crops.
The rice genome was completely sequenced recently and is being analyzed using genomic tools and resources. The RiceCAP will use the genomic sequence, tools, and resources to solve problems in rice production and improvement that can not easily be solved by traditional plant breeding. The research goals of the RiceCAP are to identify genes and markers for traits important for milling yield (the amount of processed rice on which a farmer makes income) and for resistance to sheath blight disease. Traditional plant breeding has not made much progress on improving milling yield or resistance to sheath blight disease. Thus, the RiceCAP provides an exciting opportunity for developing new genomic and molecular biotechnology tools for more efficient and effective rice cultivars which, in turn, can lead to improved economics of rice production.
Back to Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics Home Page


text:
Defined benefit plan sponsors face a tremendous amount of uncertainty. With financial market volatility and liabilities essentially marked-to-market, understanding short-term risks and long-term trends under countless scenarios is invaluable.
Plan sponsors need to understand the impact of variations in asset returns, discount rates, contribution patterns, investment strategies, and plan design so that they can be prepared for potential effects on plan funded status, accounting costs, and contribution requirements. Understanding and planning for future possibilities is a must. That is why many sponsors are turning to Milliman's FutureCost.
FutureCost is an interactive model that provides shortand long-term projections of key financial metrics, helping decision makers prepare for what could be right around the corner as well as for what could lie further down the road. The results are easy to produce and review, with both graphical and numerical outputs generated.
Whether looking at a few deterministic projections to illustrate the sensitivity to changes in asset or liability measures of contributions requirements or accounting results, or doing a full stochastic model with thousands of scenarios to assist in the implementation of a liability-driven investment strategy, FutureCost can help sponsors make important decisions, keeping their eyes open to the potential outcomes.
To see an example of data generated by FutureCost, play the video above or click here.


text:
The victimisation rate is defined as the total number of victims of a crime in a given population expressed as a percentage of that population.
A victim may be a person or a household reporting at least one of the crimes surveyed. Victims were counted once only for each type of crime, regardless of the number of incidents of that type.
These statistics are derived from information collected in the ABS Multipurpose Household Survey.
The Survey covered only selected types of personal and household crimes. Personal crimes included physical assault, threatened assault, robbery and sexual assault. Household crimes included break-ins, attempted break-ins, motor vehicle theft, theft from a motor vehicle, malicious property damage and other theft.
Information collected in the Survey was 'as reported' by respondents and hence may differ from that which might be obtained from other sources or via other methodologies.
These documents will be presented in a new window.
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.


Total Pageviews
Saturday, January 14, 2012
Knowing Liferay's URL Parameters
The sole reason for the evolution of DNS was making easy to remember URL, and it served its purpose very well. But sometimes we see a lot of things appended with that URL which is called Parameters. The URL and Parameters are separated by '?', multiple parameters are separated by '&' and parameters exists in key value pair distinguished by '='.
The point that drags my attention is - if we can use Hidden parameters in request object and it serves purpose very well, then why it is needed to use Visible parameters? The answer is - when request is not directly coming back to page.
Following is the very general URL form of Liferay, lets understand it.
I hope no need to explain the part before '?'
This is the portlet ID of the portlet. This portlet ID is unique and that identifies portlet. It sometimes contains _INSTANCE_ that tells that portlet instance can be made.
This parameter identifies the action of the portlet, means it identifies which method will be invoked - render() or processAction. 0 depicts render whereas 1 depicts processAction. Previously It was known as p_p_action in LR 5 and before. We have also seen struts_action parameter that tells the struts action path which was just served.
This parameter explains the window state of the portlet, which can be maximixed, minimized and exclusive.
Tells id of the page layout on which that instance of portlet is added.
Tells the column number in which the portlet is added.
Tells the total number of portlets in the current layout (page).
These values are handled by FriendlyURLMapper class which includes only those parameters which have some values, others are removed form the URL.


text:
Estimated Snow Parameters for Vehicle Mobility Modeling in Korea, Germany and Interior Alaska.
COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
Pagination or Media Count:
Snow is a crucial factor affecting the U.S. Armys operations in cold regions. Values for snow depth and snow density are needed for vehicle mobility studies, but unfortunately the available historical records of these parameters tend to be relatively sparse. This report deals with the estimation of snow density and snow depth from readily available parameters such as air temperature and wind speed. As a basis for further study, the authors have summarized previous work in three areas of particular interest to the U.S. Armys vehicle mobility programs Korea, Germany and Alaska. Empirical models are presented for estimating snow parameters in these regions. AN
- Snow, Ice and Permafrost
- Surface Transportation and Equipment


text:
Arrives in 3-7 Business Days
This edited volume develops a theoretical framework for validating tests of second language ability. The chapter authors show how an understanding and analysis of the framework and its components can assist test developers to operationalise their tests more effectively, especially in relation to the key criteria that differentiate one proficiency level from another. The book provides an up-to-date review of the relevant literature on assessing speaking, an accessible and systematic description of the different proficiency levels in second language speaking and a comprehensive and coherent basis for validating tests of speaking. It will be of considerable interest to examination boards who wish to validate their own speaking tests in a systematic and coherent manner, as well as to academic researchers and graduate students in the field of language assessment more generally.
MORE FROM THIS COLLECTION


We raised some issues with the SAP migration tools during a replatforming project including Unicode conversion from SUN/Oracle to Windows SQL Server.
Our migration went well and all the log files from the technical migration reported no error, but during the application testing the customer claimed some missing data in a couple of tables.
What happened:
These tables were splitted in at least four parts from the R3TA tool and exported and imported without any errors. After a detailed investigation, we found that some of the packages a empty:
0 rows exported and 0 rows imported.
A cross check inside the source SAP system with the select patterns out of the WHR files showed the missing entries. The select statement with the select criteria out of the HWR files executed directly on Oracle using sqlplus resulted with 0 rows again.
After tracing the selection of SE16 with ST05, we found the issue:
The WHERE condition inside SE16 was like
 - SELECT COUNT(*) from "/BIC/ADC_CNT200" WHERE "CRM_OHGUID" <= '4909283A9B121CF6E10000000A31EA29' AND "CRM_ITMGUI" ='';
 Result: 238656 rows
The WHERE clause with the conditions of the WHR files was:
 Result: 0 rows
The difference is the blank in the second condition! So the error is caused by the '' in the where condition created by the R3TA tool.
After changing the WHR file and re-export/re-import the table, we got the same row count on both sides.
Now the customer raised the concern about the consistency of the migrated data. Therefore we checked the row count for all tables on the source and the target system and compared these values with the information recorded in the *.toc (export) and *.log files (import) to be sure we didn't lost any data on the way from Oracle to SQL.
Thereby we found two additional strange phenomena:
 1. The cluster table REGUC had app. 18.000 additional rows on the target side, but from the application point of view it was consistent.
 1. The row count information from the *.toc and *.log files was not consistent with the row count in the source and target DB
To 1.: The phenomena with REGUC was raised by the data-growth during the UNICODE conversion. The table is a table cluster resp. A physical cluster table with a VARDATA field containing compressed raw data. The content of the VARDATA field is extracted and converted during the migration/Unicode conversion. The length of the field (3.800 bytes) doesn't change - however after the Unicode conversion some data doesn't fit in one record only so you have more records on the target. So a continuation record is created and the table has more records after the migration. This could be verified with the following select statement, which needs to show the same values on the source and target:
 - Select count(*) from REGUC where PAGENO=0;
 (table records without continuation records)
To 2.: For some transparent tables (e.g. PA0000 in the HCM system) we had the same row count information in the *.toc (export) and *.log (import) files. Both files showed 145.189 rows, but a select count(*) on the source and target DB showed 142.615.
We reported all the issues to SAP. The issue with the R3TA is already corrected in version 7.20 and higher and will be back-ported to earlier versions (7.0x and 7.1x), too. The issue with the inconsistent row count is still under investigation from SAP. I will update the blog, if we get an response from SAP
Lessons learned:
Don't trust the log files of the SAP migration tools, you have to verify the consistency of the databases by additional checks.


text: Aseptic loosening attributed to cement fracture and the subsequent disruption of fixation interfaces remains a major long-term failure mode of cemented arthroplasty. Knowledge of the fracture strength of bone cement, especially in fatigue, is an important indicator of cement integrity and the potential for fixation failure. In current practice, orthopaedic surgeons may choose to utilize antibiotics in bone cement for prophylaxis or treatment of a known infection. However, the antibiotics, bone cements and mixing methodologies employed lead to variability in the quality of the end product. During 2003, several orthopaedic manufacturers received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 510[k] clearance for their pre-packaged antibiotic-loaded bone cement for use in the second stage of a two-stage revision situation where the initial infection has been cleared. This availability provides a more uniform cement mix with known mechanical and elution characteristics at the 0.5 to 1.0g level of antibiotic per 40g of polymer powder. This study evaluated the influence of antibiotic inclusion on the porosity, strength and fatigue life of Surgical Simplex P bone cement when employing both vacuum and hand mixing technologies.