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TransferJet Technology Tutorial
- TransferJet close proximity wireless transfer technology for simple connection and transfer of data.
TransferJet technology tutorial includes:• TransferJet basics • Physical layer • Connection layer, CNL • Protocol layer • Antenna / coupler
TransferJet is a form of close proximity wireless transfer technology.
TransferJet operates by touching (or bringing very close together) two enabled devices whereupon high speed exchange of data can be performed.
The concept of TransferJet consists of a touch-activated interface to enable high-speed wireless data transfer between two devices in a peer-to-peer mode.
The wireless interface means that there is no requirement for connectors, and this makes the interface easier to use and more reliable than wired connections.
TransferJet is a contactless high speed data exchange interface that uses wireless connectivity to provide high speed data exchanges between two devices.The specification states that it combines the speed of UWB with the ease of operation of NFC to deliver data throughput speeds of 560Mbps (375 Mbps actual throughput with error correction) by simply touching the two devices together.
The aim is that TransferJet can be used for file interchanges between mobile phones, cameras, camcorders, televisions, games consoles, computers, and any other electronic data device.
The aim is that all the data transfers can be made simply by touching devices together, although in some instances the selection of the required file or files to be transferred may be needed. In this way file transfers can be made simply, reliably and effectively.
To promote and standardise the concept for TransferJet, a Consortium was established in 2008 by a group of international companies. The aim of the TransferJet Consortium was to develop and promote the technology, products and services. It also developed the specification for the system as well as compliance testing, processes and tools for the technology.
The consortium is based in Japan where it was registered on 1st September 2011 and has a growing lsit of member companies.
TransferJet is a short range wireless technology that uses the near field effect for communications. It uses a direct sequence spread spectrum, DSSS, transmission modulated onto the carrier using Π/2 BPSK. The chip rate of 560cps means that the signal centred on 4.48 GHz is spread over a bandwidth of 560 MHz. This gives it a very low power spectral density of less than -70dBm/MHz which is more than adequate for the few centimetres range required.
The choice of spectrum and low power transmitted mean that unlicensed operation is possible in Japan, Europe, the US as well as many other regulatory domains.
TransferJet utilises a robust protocol which incorporates error detection and correction, packet acknowledgement, and packet resend. These reduce the effects of any interference that may be experienced to enable reliable communications of the data. The system also operates on a peer-to-peer, 1 to 1 network topology, making communications much more straightforward.
The low power not only means that regulatory issues are minimised, but it also helps to minimize power consumption. As a further measure, TransferJet devices can detect the presence of other similar devices that come within range. This means that transmissions are only made when another device is in range.
TransferJet Specification Summary
|TransfetJet Specification Summary|
|Transmission power||Below -70dBm / MHz|
|Transmission rate|| 560 Mbps before error correction
375 Mbps effective throughput
|Connection distance||Up to a few centimetres|
|Network topology||1 to 1|
|Antenna||Electric induction field coupler|
|RF modulation||Direct sequence spread spectrum with Π/2 BPSK|
|Carrier frequency||4.48 GHz centre frequency|
|Signal bandwidth||560 MHz|
.... | Next >>
Popular wireless tutorials.....
|• Wi-Fi 802.11||• Bluetooth||• 802.15.4||• SRDs|
|• NFC||• RFID||• WiMAX||• Zigbee|
|• IEEE 802.22 WRAN||• DECT||• TransferJet|


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Abelian Frattini subgroup implies centralizer is critical, Abelian and abelian automorphism group not implies locally cyclic, Abelian and ambivalent iff elementary abelian 2-group, Abelian automorphism group not implies abelian, Abelian implies every element is automorphic to its inverse, Abelian implies every subgroup is potentially characteristic, Abelian implies nilpotent, Abelian implies self-centralizing in holomorph, Abelian normal is not join-closed, Abelianness is 2-local, Abelianness is directed union-closed, Abelianness is quotient-closed, Abelianness is subgroup-closed, CA not implies nilpotent, Characteristic subgroup of abelian group not implies divisibility-closed, Characteristic subgroup of abelian group not implies local powering-invariant, Characteristic subgroup of uniquely p-divisible abelian group is uniquely p-divisible, Commuting fraction more than five-eighths implies abelian, Cube map is endomorphism iff abelian (if order is not a multiple of 3), Cyclic automorphism group implies abelian, Cyclic implies abelian, Dedekind not implies abelian, Exponent two implies abelian, Finite abelian and abelian automorphism group implies cyclic, Finite abelian implies same orbit sizes of conjugacy classes and irreducible representations under automorphism group, Full invariance is not direct power-closed, Fully invariant not implies abelian-potentially verbal in abelian group, Fully invariant subgroup of abelian group not implies divisibility-closed, Intermediately characteristic not implies isomorph-containing in abelian group, Nilpotent not implies abelian, Nonempty characteristic subsemigroup of abelian group implies subgroup, Quotients of elementarily equivalent abelian groups by multiples of n are elementarily equivalent, Rational and abelian implies elementary abelian 2-group, There exist abelian groups whose isomorphism classes of direct powers have any given period, Torsion subgroups of elementary equivalent abelian groups are elementarily equivalent, Verbal subgroup of abelian group not implies local powering-invariant


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DescriptionA one-day workshop with a networking evening dinner, funded by the BBSRC & National Research Network (NRN), to stimulate research in anthelmintic discovery within Wales. The aims of this workshop were to: •Bring together chemists, biologist and parasitologists based in Wales to initiate research collaborations in anthelmintic discovery •Build a new consortium for parasite drug discovery lead by researchers in Wales •Engage national and international animal & human health industry and stakeholders in parasite drug discovery and development. Hosted by IBERS Aberystwyth University with funds awarded by Ser Cymru Endeavour fund via the Life Sciences Research Network Wales.
|15 Sept 2014
|Aberystwyth, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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At Canopy, we are aware of the responsibility we have to reduce our impact on the environment.
1% for the Planet
Canopy Education is a member of 1% for the Planet, a global network of businesses committed to giving back to the environment. As a member of this network, we are committed to donating 1% of our annual sales to support environmental organisations that are working to create positive change.
"As a former Geography Teacher I believe that businesses have a responsibility to give back to the communities and environments in which they operate," said Andrew Caffrey, CEO of Canopy Education "By joining 1% for the Planet, we are taking a tangible step to make a positive impact on the environment, and we're proud to be part of a larger movement that is dedicated to creating a better future for all."
Just One Tree
At Canopy we want to create a Canopy of Trees, so we are working with Just One Tree. They plant trees in areas severely affected by deforestation to maximise the effect of reducing global warming. In the process, they help to provide agricultural education and sustainable incomes to local communities.


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System-in-Package (SiP) is a promising concept of system integration. Different semiconductor technologies, integrated passives, and other components can be integrated into a single package, without compromising the performance of separate functional blocks. However, the increase of packaging density increases the complexity of structures. Therefore, new processes and materials are needed to achieve high reliable SiP module pkg. So in this test, we tried VPES (vacuum printing encapsulation system) as underfill and encapsulation process of SiP module. The size of SiP module package is 4.84(L) times 6.15(W) times 1.32(H) mm. It contains an IC chip and several passive components such as crystals, filters, register, capacitor, etc. IC chip size is 3.5 mm SQ, thickness 0.45 mm, and the standoff height is almost 0.06 mm. In this test we compared VPES and conventional underfill and molding process. During the VPES process we used pressure cure system to reduce the internal void size. SAT (scanning acoustic transmitter), 3D optical microscope, and shadow moire analysis were done. And reliability test such as MRT and T/C was performed.


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Magnetic catalysis and quantum Hall ferromagnetism in weakly coupled graphene
- First Online:
- Cite this article as:
- Semenoff, G.W. & Zhou, F. J. High Energ. Phys. (2011) 2011: 37. doi:10.1007/JHEP07(2011)037
- 138 Downloads
We study the realization in a model of graphene of the phenomenon whereby the tendency of gauge-field mediated interactions to break chiral symmetry spontaneously is greatly enhanced in an external magnetic field. We prove that, in the weak coupling limit, and where the electron-electron interaction satisfies certain mild conditions, the ground state of charge neutral graphene in an external magnetic field is a quantum Hall ferromagnet which spontaneously breaks the emergent U(4) symmetry to U(2) × U(2). We argue that, due to a residual CP symmetry, the quantum Hall ferromagnet order parameter is given exactly by the leading order in perturbation theory. On the other hand, the chiral condensate which is the order parameter for chiral symmetry breaking generically obtains contributions at all orders. We compute the leading correction to the chiral condensate. We argue that the ensuing fermion spectrum resembles that of massive fermions with a vanishing U(4)-valued chemical potential. We discuss the realization of parity and charge conjugation symmetries and argue that, in the context of our model, the charge neutral quantum Hall state in graphene is a bulk insulator, with vanishing longitudinal conductivity due to a charge gap and Hall conductivity vanishing due to a residual discrete particle-hole symmetry.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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National Disability Employment Awareness Month
Congress, with the aim of helping disabled veterans, designated the first week of October as National Employ the Physically Handicapped Week in 1945. Seventeen years later, the word "physically" was removed from the phrase in order to recognize the needs and contributions of individuals with all types of disabilities. In the 1970s, a shift in disability public policy led to further emendation. For the first time, it was viewed as discriminatory to exclude or segregate people because of a disability, and activists were fighting strongly for legal revisions. As a result, the U.S. saw changes such as the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act in 1990 and the designation, by presidential proclamation, of a full month to increase public awareness of those with disabilities and appreciate the capabilities of the 30 million people in the U.S. of working-age who are disabled. Various programs throughout the month headed by The Office of Disability Employment Policy emphasize specific employment barriers that still need to be addressed and eliminated.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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You can easily see for yourself how the amino acids, trying to get as far away from the water as possible, formed into little spheres or bubbles. Just take a glass of water and put it on the table. Then slowly pour in some vegetable oil.
You'll see that the oil tries to get away from the water by making little globs or bubbles. If you let the glass alone for a little while, you'll soon see that the oil and water separate completely, with all of the oil sitting on top of the water, like a one-layer lipid membrane.
Another thing you can do to understand lipids better is to blow soap bubbles. Soap is also made out of lipids, and it forms membranes in spheres, just like the lipid membrane bubbles on early Earth. Or, get your hands greasy with oil and then wash them with soap.
The soap is made of lipid molecules, with a water-loving end and a water-hating end. The end that hates water sticks to the oil on your hands, and the end that loves water sticks to the water, and so the lipid molecules gradually carry the oil away from your hands and into the water. See how the soap also makes bubbles?
Bibliography and further reading about lipids and cells:


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Naomi's research focuses on the child's right to play and its implementation and incorporation within the national context.
Rather than having to end poverty to end slavery, can we end slavery to help end poverty? We are completing the first extended analysis of contemporary slavery's political economy. While there are studies analysing labour markets, systematic studies on the economic incentives of contemporary slavery are missing. Our work includes an analysis of the economic incentives for using slave labour, and an analysis of factors that determine the vulnerability of a person. This enables deeper investigations of markets for different types of enslaved labour. We are also demontrating how slavery impacts the economy and development of a country, and measuring the dividend that comes with liberation. Here we statistically model and measure the economic benefits of ending slavery. We aim to show the theoretical benefits of eradicating modern slavery on the wider economy, and provide a solid scientific basis for encouraging countries to prioritise antislavery efforts.
My thesis offers the first in-depth urban cultural analysis of the network of Puerto Rican community activism in Loisaida (part of the Lower East Side) from the 1960s to the 1990s. This community organized itself to fight against postwar urban deindustrialization, housing disinvestment, and gentrification, which negatively affected low-income areas. By recreating the urban history of sustainable activism in Loisaida and focusing on the initiatives and projects of key community organizations, I demonstrate how they sought ultimately to claim specific spaces: from housing and public spaces to educational and cultural centers. The adjective'sustainable' does not simply connote 'environmental' but rather highlights the role of the environment in a broader sense-built environment, educational environment, cultural environment-in shaping the quality of life of an urban neighborhood. Moreover, the methodologies and rhetoric of these groups frame their activism in distinctly human rights rhetoric: the right to education, the right to housing, the right to the city.


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Warm-Season Grasses Turn Brown in Fall
submitted by Don Janssen, Extension Educator
As we advance into fall, brown or straw-colored patches of grass often appear in lawns. In some cases, the entire lawn turns a straw color. One of the more common reasons for this is warm-season grasses.
Most grasses in Lancaster county lawns are cool-season species, which stay green for much of fall because they thrive in cool weather. Warm-season grasses turn brown with cooler weather in fall. Perennial species will go dormant and return to green very late next spring or early summer. Warm-season annuals die and must regrow from seed to appear next season.
Crabgrass, a warm-season annual, was common in lawns this year. As crabgrass turns brown in fall, it is dead, and the same plant will not return next season. Seeds on the soil surface must germinate next year for the problem to occur again. Preemergence herbicides (crabgrass preventers) can be used next season to help prevent the return of crabgrass in the lawn.
Zoysiagrass is a most common perennial warm-season grass in our area. During a hot summer zoysiagrass lawns are most likely the greenest on the block. Then with the return of cool weather in September, zoysiagrass starts turning yellow, then a straw color. Zoysiagrass is not dead, but it will not green up until significant warmth returns sometime next year.
An additional warm season grass that appears as straw-like patches in fall is nimblewill. Nimblewill will appear as patches of fine grass, usually in shade locations. These patches become very conspicuous in fall and next spring.
One control option for zoysiagrass or nimblewill is to dig it out, making sure to get all the creeping stems and roots. Another option is to apply the herbicide glyphosate (Roundup), but the grass needs to be green and growing to be killed. Probably the best time to do this would be next August, so the area can be reseeded afterwards.
University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension in Lancaster County is your on-line yard and garden educational resource. The information on this Web site is valid for residents of southeastern Nebraska. It may or may not apply in your area. If you live outside southeastern Nebraska, visit your local Extension office


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Students will learn about habitats in the Mediterranean and semi-arid climatic zones by looking at large plants and trees in the Flower Dome.
Email us at _EMAIL_ for more information.
Plant Diversity, Large Plants/Trees in the Flower Dome
English, Geography, Science
Flower Dome (indoor)
$250 per group (Excludes admission fees to Flower Dome and Cloud Forest)
Develop your students' global awareness while building up their academic skills.
SECONDARY SCHOOL PROGRAMMES
For a self-guided experience at the Gardens, consider our online resources available for download.
SEE ALL RESOURCES
Take home a piece of Gardens by the Bay through these publications that will appeal to all ages!
SEE ALL PUBLICATIONS


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SanDisk WORM secure memory card
July 17, 2008 When sensitive data is stored digitally, the trade-off is sometimes seen as extending the life-span of the record, while potentially losing the ability to detect alterations of the files. For example, errors that occur in electronic voting systems, (and there are oh so many of them), are near undetectable without a paper ballot record to check the results against. In order to bring both security and longevity to data storage, SanDisk has announced the SDTM WORM (Write Once Read Many) Card, a digital memory drive that preserves important data for up to 100 years, and prohibits alteration or deletion.
THE SD WORM is intended for storing files from police investigations, court testimony, electronic voting, cash registers, security cameras, black box flight recorders and other highly sensitive records. The cards are locked as soon as they are recorded, and can be read in any standard SD drive. 128-megabyte SD WORM cards are currently available, with the capacity expected to increase with time.
Once the integrity of the data is ensured, the advantages of digital storage are clear. Ink runs, paper rots, photographs fade, and audio/visual tape recordings can become tangled. SD WORM cards offer unified, small-scale storage of a large variety of media files. SanDisk is teaming with industry leaders to create a new generation of media devices that can record directly onto the SD WORM, creating a simple, practical data protection and storage system. SanDisk is also encouraging third-party resellers of SD WORM cards to develop security enhancements, including password protection and encryption. SanDisk is currently developing TrustedFlash, which securely stores sensitive digital data and applications on digital media.
Of course, while the SD WORM itself might keep data in an immaculate condition for a century, the question of whether we will be able to read it remains. The file protection system rests on the assumption that we will continue to build SD card compatibility into our computer systems well into the future – not necessarily a safe bet.


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Desalting by Crystallization: Detection of Attomole Biomolecules in Picoliter Buffers by Mass Spectrometry
- Gong, Xiaoyun, Xiong, Xingchuang, Wang, Song, Li, Yanyan, Zhang, Sichun, Fang, Xiang, Zhang, Xinrong
- Analytical chemistry 2015 v.87 no.19 pp. 9745-9751
- bioactive properties, buffers, crystallization, desorption, electric field, evaporation, ionization, mass spectrometry, peptides, proteins, quartz, salts, solvents
- Sensitive detection of biomolecules in small-volume samples by mass spectrometry is, in many cases, challenging because of the use of buffers to maintain the biological activities of proteins and cells. Here, we report a highly effective desalting method for picoliter samples. It was based on the spontaneous separation of biomolecules from salts during crystallization of the salts. After desalting, the biomolecules were deposited in the tip of the quartz pipet because of the evaporation of the solvent. Subsequent detection of the separated biomolecules was achieved using solvent assisted electric field induced desorption/ionization (SAEFIDI) coupled with mass spectrometry. It allowed for direct desorption/ionization of the biomolecules in situ from the tip of the pipet. The organic component in the assistant solvent inhibited the desorption/ionization of salts, thus assured successful detection of biomolecules. Proteins and peptides down to 50 amol were successfully detected using our method even if there were 3 × 10⁵ folds more amount of salts in the sample. The concentration and ion species of the salts had little influence on the detection results.


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The electrical properties of EuO1?x magnetic semiconductors were studied to determine the conduction mechanism. We considered the effect of oxygen vacancy concentration on the carrier concentration, the relaxation time and the electrical resistivity. These quantities were calculated as functions of temperature and external magnetic field and the results compared with experimental data for thin films of EuO with oxygen vacancies.
Influence of oxygen vacancy concentration on electrical resistivity in EuO1?x
Lubecka, M., Wegrzyn, A., & Temple, D. (1985). Influence of oxygen vacancy concentration on electrical resistivity in EuO1?x. Thin Solid Films, 131(1-2), 15-20. _URL_


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Last Updated: June 18, 2016
KompoZer Padding Tutorial shows you how to add padding to your website. This tutorial also shows you how to add a HTML paragraph tag to align the text.
Latest News: I have added another link to the menu below.
In this lesson you will learn how to add padding and set up a HTML tag. When you write online you normally assign the tag to paragraphs and you align the text in between.
KompoZer Padding Tutorial Steps
Step 1 ) The following image Css Stylesheets -> Box tab shows you to set up the Padding's options.
- Width = changed to 680px (This value had to be adjusted because of the following 5px padding.)
- padding-right: 5px;
- padding-left: 5px;
Step 1-1 ) The following image shows you the Style rule for _TAG_ id.
Step 2 ) Click on the CSS Editor icon to create a paragraph rule. The following image CSS Stylesheets shows you what you need to select to create a paragraph rule.
In this example I selected style applied to all elements of type. In the drop down menu I selected p (Paragraph) type.
Step 3 ) The following image CSS Stylesheet -> General shows you the new P element added with the CSS code. This element works in the same manner as an id.
What this means is as follow, from now on when ever you add a paragraph to your website it will be formatted according to the following CSS style.
P css style code:
Step 4 ) The following image illustrates the 5px padding added to the div tag. You can see the 5px gap between the border and the words.
Note: You can add this padding to all the other div tags by following the same instructions as above.
Step 5 ) The following image shows you the final results with padding and paragraphs aligned to the left. Notice how I added some dummy text for you to view the results. The template is starting to take shape.
Click on the following URL Right Sidebar Style to continue.


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Studying the sediment that accumulates in a stream is an important aspect in the study of water quality and resources. With respect to water quality, the main issue is the turbidity of the water. Increased losses of natural landscape increase the erosion process in turn raising the turbidity of the water and reducing the light that can penetrate to the water reducing the growth of aquatic life. With respect to water resources, sediment accumulates in the river ways, harbors, and in dams reducing the effectiveness of these resources. This study focused on determining the amount of sediment that is outputted at the outlet of a watershed in the form of sediment yield in units of Tonne per square kilometer.
The objective of this study was to determine and produce a map that detailed the sediment yield in Tonne per square kilometer for the subbasins within the Los Olmos Creek watershed given a hypothetical frequency storm event. Two frequency storm events were applied and compared and the final outcome would be sediment yield per storm event.
Miller, Rockford, Jungseok Ho, and Chu-Lin Cheng. 2017. "Watershed Modeling and Sediment Yield Prediction of the Los Olmos Creek Watershed in South Texas." Journal of Earth Sciences & Environmental Studies 1 (3): 95–108. _URL_
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Journal of Earth Sciences & Environmental Studies


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Today we took our Skype date outside! We skyped with Ms. Stroet's
class in Abbotsford again to compare the growth of our potatoes.
Because we had different spring breaks, the potatoes planted by the
other class have been growing for one week longer than ours, so we had
to compare them!
We noticed that their plants seem to be a bit fuller than ours, and our plants also seem to be a few centimetres shorter.
After finishing our Skype date because the other class was standing in
the rain, we took another closer look at the potatoes, and discovered a
wiggly worm living in the soil of one of the plants. We had a closer look at it and then put it back in the soil because we know that worms are good for the soil!
It was a nice change to take our learning outside! After we got back
into our classroom, we talked about the things that we noticed on our
potatoes. For example, did you know that the stems have little hairs on
them? We had a few ideas about why the potatoes had hairs - to help
the potatoes grow, to bring food to the potatoes, or to protect the
plants. We also noticed that the stems are turning purple. Do you have
any ideas why that might be happening?


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Biodiversity in the eastern Mediterranean Sea could take a deadly hit if drillers rush in on recently discovered gas-rich fields, the World Wildlife Fund warned Wednesday.
The international environmental organization warned that gas drilling in the area shared by Turkey, Israel and Egypt could ravage the sea's ecosystem, which would take at least a millennium to regrow.
Gas drillers have been eager to capitalize on the recently discovered Leviathan gas field, a deepwater area off the Israeli coast that may hold as much as 16 trillion cubic feet of gas, AFP reports.
The West Nile Delta gas field, another potentially lucrative region for drillers, was discovered earlier this year. That field is located off the coast of Alexandria, Egypt.
But the eastern Mediterranean is home to rare species that are millennia old, including deep-sea sponges and cold water corals. Sergi Tudela, head of WWF's Mediterranean Fisheries Program, says this makes them particularly vulnerable.
Tudela said that once the sea is tapped for gas, "it can take a millennium or more before the unique micro-ecosystem grows again, so the most fragile and valuable species and under-sea areas must be left untouched by gas development," according to AFP.
WWF appealed to the European Union and a number of Mediterranean countries to prohibit deep-sea drilling and industrial development in the areas.


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Explain Werner's theory of coordinate compounds with suitable examples?
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Last updated date: 20th Jun 2024
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Answer
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Hint: Coordinate compounds are those compounds that remain in solid-state even when dissolved in a liquid. In such compounds, central metal atoms or ions are connected with other ions or molecules (called ligands) with coordinate bonds.
Complete step by step answer:
We know coordinate compounds are the compounds that remain in solid-state even when dissolved. Werner was the first one to explain the coordinate theory. Postulates of his theory rewritten below:
1. In coordination compounds, the central metal atom possesses two types of valency: primary valency and secondary valency. Primary valency represents oxidation state (charge) and secondary valency represents coordinate number (molecules to which central metal atom is linked). For example in ${K_4}\left[ {Fe{{\left( {CN} \right)}_6}} \right]$ central atom is iron. It is linked with $6$ $CN$ molecules which represent its secondary valency i.e. secondary valency of iron is$6$. As each $CN$molecule possess $ - 1$ charge, on whole coordinate sphere charge is $ - 4$ (each potassium atom has charge of $ - 1$ and as a whole compound is neutral so there will be $ - 4$charge on anionic part) so charge on iron will be $ + 2$, which represents primary valency of iron.
2. Every metal atom has a fixed number of secondary valencies. This means the coordination number of the central atom is fixed as it will make bonds according to the number of electrons in the outermost shell.
3. Each central metal atom tends to satisfy its both valency primary as well as secondary. Primary valency is defined as a charge which will be satisfied by negative ions only as in the above example $CN$ has a negative charge. But secondary valency can be satisfied by both negative ions and neutral molecules. As neutral molecules have lone pairs to donate.
4. As secondary valency is always directed towards the centre the coordinate complex has definite geometry. For example: in the complex written above, the secondary valency of the atom is $6$ which will be arranged in octahedral geometry around the central atom. Similarly, if a complex will have $4$ secondary valency ligands will be arranged in either tetrahedral or square planar geometry.
So, this is the explanation of Werner's theory.
Note:
Werner's theory has some limitations as well which are as follows:
He was unable to explain why only certain elements make coordinate compounds.
Why bonds are directional in nature.
Why coordination compounds possess magnetic and optical properties.


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The James Instruments Porosiscope, is used to determine air and water permeability in concrete both at and below the surface.
- Measure air and water permeability
- Permeability on concrete surface and within the concrete
- Porosity in sealants and surface mortars can be checked
- Non-destructive (only a small plugged hole is required)


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A drug delivery ion pump constructed from organic electronic components also works in plants. Researchers from the Laboratory of Organic Electronics at Linköping University and from the Umeå Plant Science Centre have used such an ion pump to control the root growth of a small flowering plant, the thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana).
In the spring of 2015, researchers from the Laboratory of Organic Electronics at Linköping University presented a microfabricated ion pump with the ability to pump in the correct dose of a naturally occurring pain-relief agent exactly where it was needed. This was a first step towards effective treatment of such conditions as chronic pain. In the autumn of the same year, the researchers presented results showing how they had caused roses to absorb a water-soluble conducting polymer, enabling them to create a fully operational transistor in the rose stem. The term "flower power" suddenly took on a whole new meaning.
"Around 10 years ago, we started considering applying our ion pump drug delivery devices to plants. It wasn't until several years later that we teamed up with Professor Markus Grebe and colleagues at the Umeå Plant Science Centre and finally discovered that the ion pump could be of great use to plant biologists, says Daniel Simon, Associate Professor and head of the organic bioelectronics research area in the Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University.
Assistant Professor David Poxson, Laboratory of Organic Electronics, teamed up with the group's chief chemist, Assistant Professor Roger Gabrielsson, to develop new ion pump materials capable of transporting and delivering powerful plant signalling compounds such as the hormone auxin.
Dr. Poxson then worked closely with biologists at the Umeå Plant Science Centre to investigate highly-resolved delivery of auxin to the roots of living thale cress, Arabidopsis thaliana. This plant is to plant biologists what the fruit fly Drosophila is to researchers working in animal research: a major model organism.
The result: Electronically-controlled gradients of plant hormone were taken up by the roots. Dr. Poxson and co-author Dr. Michal Karady followed the internal auxin response with the help of fluorescent reporter proteins that change their fluorescence intensity in the presence of auxin. They observed that the internal auxin response and even the roots' growth rate could be controlled by the ion pump delivery of auxin.


be rendered using dashed lines.
Default value: 0 (border rendered using straight lines)
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xAxisNameBorderDashLen : Number [+]
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Range: In pixels
xAxisNameBorderDashGap : Number [+]
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}
y-Axis Name Cosmetics
To configure the font cosmetics of y-axis name (title), you can use the following attributes.
chart : {
yAxisNameFont : String [+]
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Range: Font Name
yAxisNameFontColor : Color [+]
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Sets the border around the y-axis (primary / secondary) text
Range: Hex Color Code
yAxisNameAlpha : Number [+]
Sets the y-axis (primary / secondary) alpha including font and background
Range: 0 - 100
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Sets the y-axis (primary / secondary) border padding
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Sets the y-axis (primary / secondary) border thickness
Range: In Pixels
yAxisNameBorderDashed : Boolean [+]
Whether the border around the y-axis name should be rendered using dashed lines.
Default value: 0 (border rendered using straight lines)
Range: 0/1
yAxisNameBorderDashLen : Number [+]
Sets the length of each dash when the border around the y-axis name is rendered using dashed lines.
Range: In pixels
yAxisNameBorderDashGap : Number [+]
Sets the gap between two consecutive dashes when the border around the y-axis name is rendered using dashed lines.
Range: In pixels
}
Chart Cosmetics
The following attributes let you configure chart cosmetics like background color, background alpha, canvas color & alpha etc.
chart : {
bgColor : Color [+]
This attribute sets the background color for the chart. You can set any hex color code as the value of this attribute. To specify a gradient as background color, separate the hex color codes of each color in the gradient using comma. Example: #FF5904, #FFFFFF.
Range: Hex Color Code
bgAlpha : Number [+]
Sets the alpha (transparency) for the background. If you've opted for gradient background, you need to set a list of alpha(s) separated by comma.
Range: 0 - 100
bgRatio : Number [+]
If you've opted for a gradient background, this attribute lets you set the ratio of each color constituent.
Range: 0 - 100
bgAngle : Number [+]
Sets the angle of the background color, in case of a gradient.
Range: 0-360
bgImage : String [+]
To place any image (JPG/PNG/GIF) as background of the chart, enter the (path and) name of the background image. It should be in the same domain as the chart.
bgImageAlpha : Number [+]
This attribute specifies the opacity for the loaded background image.
Range: 0 - 100
bgImageDisplayMode : String [+] 3.2.2
Helps you specify the mode in which the background image is to be displayed. Stretch - expands the image to fit the entire chart area, without maintaining original image constraints. Tile - the image is repeated as a pattern on the entire chart area. Fit - fits the image proportionately on the chart area. Fill -proportionately fills the entire chart area with the image. Center - the image is positioned at the center of the chart area. None - Default mode.
Range: stretch, tile, fit, fill, center, none
bgImageVAlign : String [+] 3.2.2
Helps you to vertically align the background image.
Range: top, middle, bottom
bgImageHAlign : String [+] 3.2.2
Helps you to horizontally align the background image.
Range: left, middle, right
bgImageScale : Number [+] 3.2.2
Helps you magnify the background image.This attribute will only work when the attribute bgImageDisplayMode is set to none, center, or tile.
Range: 0-300
canvasBgColor : Color [+]
This attribute sets the background color for the chart canvas. You can set any hex color code as the value of this attribute. To specify a gradient as canvas background color, separate the hex color codes of each color in the gradient using comma. Example: #FF5904, #FFFFFF.
Range: Hex Color Code
canvasBgAlpha : Number [+]
This attribute sets the background transparency for the chart canvas. For gradient, separate the alpha value using comma. Example: 15, 50.
Range: 0 - 100
canvasBgRatio : Numbers separated by comma [+]
When a gradient is used to set the color of the canvas background, this attribute sets the ratio of the colors. Example : If the value of the canvasBgColor attribute is set as #FF5904, #FFFFFF, canvasBgRatio can be used to specify their ratio in the background.
Range: 0 - 100
canvasBgAngle : Number [+]
Helps you specify canvas background angle in case of gradient.
Range: 0-360
showcanvasborder : Boolean [+]
This attribute if set to _1_, shows a border around the canvas of the chart.
Default value: 0
Range: 0/1
canvasBorderColor : Color [+]
Lets you specify canvas border color.
Range: Hex Color Code
canvasBorderThickness : Number [+]
Lets you specify canvas border thickness.
Range: 0-5
canvasBorderAlpha : Number [+]
Lets you control transparency of canvas border.
Range: 0 - 100
showBorder : Boolean [+]
Whether to show a border around the chart or not.
Range: 0/1
borderColor : Color [+]
Border color of the chart.
Range: Hex Color Code
borderThickness : Number [+]
Border thickness of the chart.
Range: In Pixels
borderAlpha : Number [+]
Border alpha of the chart.
Range: 0 - 100
drawFullAreaBorder : Boolean [+]
When set to 0, instead of drawing a border for the entire chart canvas, this attribute will draw line on the canvas only to connect the data-points.
Default Value: 1
Range: 0/1
showVLineLabelBorder : Boolean [+]
If you've opted to show a label for any of your vLines in the chart, you can collectively configure whether to show border for all such labels using this attribute. If you want to show label border for just a particular vLine, you can over-ride this value by specifying border configuration for that specific vLine.
Range: 0/1
rotateVLineLabels : Boolean [+]
This attribute lets you set whether the vline labels will show up as rotated labels on the chart.
Default value: 0
Range: 0/1
logoURL : String [+]
You can load an external logo (JPEG/PNG) to your chart, this attribute lets you specify the URL. Due to cross domain security restrictions it is advised to use a logo from the same domain name as your charts.
Range: URL
logoLeftMargin : Number [+]
This attribute helps you set the amount of empty space that you want to put on the left side of your logo image. Nothing is rendered in this space.
Range: In Pixels
logoTopMargin : Number [+]
This attribute helps you set the amount of empty space that you want to put on top of your logo image. Nothing is rendered in this space.
Range: In Pixels
logoPosition : String [+]
Where to position the logo on the chart: TL - Top-left TR - Top-right BR -


text:
2. Revision of the Catholic Letters
The Editio Critica Maior sets new standards in providing source material relevant to the history of the text and in analysing it systematically. Therefore, the versions and the quotations from patristic literature are cited in the present edition according to the second edition of the ECM of the Catholic Letters. The selection of Greek manuscripts cited in the present edition comprises the witnesses that are most important for reconstructing the text.
Compared to the 27th edition, the text differs at altogether 34 passages, for example:
|Jak 2,3||ἢ κάθου ἐκεῖ||ἐκεῖ ἢ κάθου|
|1 Pt 4,16||μέρει||ὀνόματι|
|2 Pt 2,11||παρὰ κυρίῳ||παρὰ κυρίου|
|2 Pt 2,18||ὄντως||ὀλίγως|
|Jd 5||ἅπαξ πάντα ὅτι Ἰησοῦς||πάντα ὅτι [ὁ] κύριος ἅπαξ|
The reconstructed text of the Catholic Letters reflects the second edition of the ECM in one further respect. Passages for which the editors had to leave open the decision as to which of the variants is the initial text are specially marked. The second edition of the ECM has a split guiding line at these passages. In the new Nestle-Aland the reading text remains unchanged in such cases, but the sign ♦ precedes the reference mark in the text and the citation of the variant seen as equal to it in the apparatus. As a consequence square brackets, which could in any case be used only for possible additions, have become obsolete in the Catholic Letters.
Defining the Consistently Cited Witnesses for the Catholic Letters
The ECM text of the Catholic Letters was established by means of the Coherence-Based Genealogical Method (in what follows "coherence method"). One essential concept of this method is that of "potential ancestor". One of two textual witnesses may be classified as potential ancestor of the other, if it more often supports a variant from which the variant of the other witness can be derived. Some witnesses have many, others have a few or only one potential ancestor. The percentages of agreement between witnesses compared are used to arrange the potential ancestors of a witness in a ranking order, according to their degree of relationship. The method can also be applied to a comparison with the reconstructed initial text. Hence we can say for which manuscript texts the initial text A has the highest rank among their potential ancestors. This is the case, apart from a couple of highly fragmented papyri and majuscules, for altogether 18 majuscels and minuscules. Their text is more closely related to A than to anymanuscript text. In addition, there are a few other consistently cited witnesses, partially only for individual writings. In addition, all the papyri containing the thext of the Catholic Letters were included.


text:
The People HR modules enable you to monitor events in your People HR account.
Getting Started with People HR
- A People HR account
- API license activated in your People HR account
In order to use People HR with Integromat, it is necessary to have a People HR account. If you do not have one, you can create a People HR free trial account at _URL_
Connecting People HR to Integromat
To connect your People HR account to Integromat you need to generate an API Key in your People HR account.
1. Log in to your People HR account.
2. Go to Settings > API.
3. Click the PLUS (+) button to generate a new API Key.
4. Enter the name for the API Key and select applications you want to access using the API Key, then click Save.
5. Click the copy icon () to copy the generated API key.
6. Go to Integromat and open the People HR module's Create a connection dialog.
7. Enter the API Key you have copied in step 5 to the respective field, enter your People HR login credentials, and click the Continue button to establish the connection.
The connection has been established. You can proceed with setting up the module.
Triggers when an action is performed in your People HR account.
The webhook URL needs to be generated in Integromat and then added to People HR API settings.
1. Add the Watch Events module to your Integromat scenario.
2. Generate and copy the webhook URL.
3. Log in to your People HR account.
4. Go to Settings > API.
5. Paste the webhook URL you have copied in step 2 above to the Webhook URL field.
Now, every time the action is performed, the Watch Events module in your Integromat scenario is triggered.


text:
Session 4: counselling and confidentiality in the review of this document: dr nenette motus, dr sajith gunaratne, ms jaqueline weekers and ms valerie hagger. Termination of counseling the termination stage is the final stage of counseling, but is just as important as the initial phase of counseling. Closing a person centred counselling session it is timely to re-evaluate this theory which formed many of us as counsellors and to look with new eyes at.
Performance coaching, counseling and leadership performance coaching, counseling and leadership principles 3 individual gives during a coaching session. Connecting with clients what is the first thing the therapist says after the initial this first session is not the session to ask what is it you hope to. Counselling as process and activity within the counselling session the first session/initial stage. New client's initial intake form its video recording capability allows students to easily evaluate what occurred during a client session.
An initial assessment will be carried out during the personalised counselling session for your long term we can evaluate your choice of schools and categorize. Start studying counseling marines learn vocabulary, planned and agreed upon session occurs at initial counseling review and evaluate performance 2. Taste of a first counselling session (created specifically) birmingham counselling & psychotherapy centre web-site: wwwcounselling-directcouk this video. The counseling process coun 540 applies as a whole (1st to last session) from an initial look at case info,. The counseling process the professional counselor the initial session evaluate, and alter as needed.
An initial counseling session approximately 30 days after the start of the senior/junior relationship a follow-on session. First counselling session carl rogers – locus of evaluation definition in therapy, in the initial phases,. Professional learning and the reflective practitioner able to consider and evaluate an aspect of your work how a particular teaching session went.
Counselling case study, critique of counsellor processes were employed within a counselling session with posed an initial challenge for the therapist as. Study focus 2 theoretical integration their own integrative style over time "but the initial training should a video of a counselling session. It's the ability to evaluate which tell us what a client can expect to experience in an initial counselling session with you in an initial counselling. Counseling program practicum & internship each counseling session or recording that you the pre-service counselor realizes that she or he is in the initial.
The best way to make initial contact with a psychologist is by you should have a new understanding of your if you don't think a session went well,. Important in the initial stages effects on the client in the counselling session as with all professions it is important to evaluate your performance as a. Beginning therapy: a primer the initial interview, newer therapists may feel taking notes helps them remember the content of the therapy session, and this is.
277 form 61: self-assessment of counseling performance skills purposes: to provide the trainee with an opportunity to review levels of competency in the per. Task: conduct an individual counseling session for a substance abusing individual number: _PHONE_ effective date: 2003-jan. How should we evaluate research on counselling and the the per-session with cbt as the benchmark treatment that will yield initial results.
Many people are simultaneously fearful and fascinated by the prospect of undergoing counselling or psychotherapy session what happens in a counselling session. 1 introducing counselling and therapy approaches i invite you on an intellectual, practical and personal journey through six of the most interesting and important approaches to contemporary counselling. Genetic counseling is the the genetic counselor can evaluate the intake and follow-up phases occur outside of the actual counseling session the initial.


Electrolysis is not only an effective means to deal with high-concentration organic wastewater, but also an effective and low-cost method to deal with high-concentration ammonia nitrogen. to convert ammonia to nitrogen. Through the electrode reaction, during the electrolysis process, two processes of air flotation and flocculation are realized to remove organic matter and decolorize.
Electrolysis treatment of printing and dyeing ink organic wastewater is divided into direct electrolysis and indirect electrolysis.
1. Direct electrolysis
Generally, diaphragm electrolytic cells (constant current, given cell pressure) and non-diaphragm electrolytic cells (constant potential, steady current) are used. There is no fundamental difference between these two modes, but a potentiostat is used to control the anode potential. Degrading and decolorizing the organic wastewater of printing and dyeing ink in the mode can better avoid the side reaction caused by the increase of the tank pressure, resulting in the reduction of the current efficiency and other problems.
Electrocatalytic Titanium Electrode for Electrolysis Industrial Wastewater
2. Indirect electrolysis
The indirect electrolytic oxidative decolorization of organic wastewater from printing and dyeing ink is to use the strong oxidant produced by electrolysis to oxidize the dye. In the chloride-containing medium, the formation of CIO- by the anode chlorine evolution, or the electrolysis of oxidation dye molecules, is a common form of indirect electro-oxidation of organic wastewater from printing and dyeing inks.
3. Mechanism of Electrolysis Treatment of Organic Wastewater from Printing and Dyeing Ink
The added electrolyte is generally NaCl, which helps to decolorize wastewater and remove COD. The reason is that when the NaCl solution is electrolyzed, a chlorine release reaction occurs on the anode, and Cl2 is a strong oxidant. Cl2, Na+ and O2 further generate NaClO, which has stronger oxidizing properties. Both Cl2 and NaClO are strong oxidizing agents that can oxidize dye molecules, breaking long bonds and discoloring them. In addition, after adding NaCl, the electrolysis of H2O is accelerated, and the bubbles formed by H2 continuously generated at the cathode move upward with branched flocs, which accelerates the flotation and flocculation of organic matter. Electrolysis has better treatment effect on dye wastewater.
4. Titanium anode for treatment of organic wastewater from printing and dyeing ink by electrolysis
In the process of treating organic wastewater by electrolysis, the electrode not only plays the role of conveying current, but also catalyzes the oxidative degradation of organic matter. Therefore, the choice of electrode material directly affects the degradation efficiency of this organic matter. The general anode uses a titanium-based PbO2 anode or a titanium-coated titanium electrode.
The titanium anodes produced by HS metal for the treatment of organic wastewater from printing and dyeing inks by electrolysis are stable in size, and the distance between electrodes does not change during the electrolysis process. The DC power consumption can be reduced by 10-20%, and the titanium substrate can be reused, saving costs, saving energy and reducing consumption.
Ruthenium Iridium Tantalum Coated Anode Plate Processing
Some parameters of electrocatalytic titanium electrode for electrolysis treatment of industrial wastewater:
1. Product shape: commonly used mesh, plate, cylinder, can also be customized according to customer needs
2. Coating system: ruthenium series, iridium series, platinum series and their mixed oxides
3. Current density: 100—600a/sqm
4. Electrode type: oxygen evolution type, chlorine evolution type, chlorine evolution oxygen evolution type


text:
Wild blonde capuchin [monkeys] have invented a new and tool-conserving method to fish for termites, researchers have just discovered.
The technique, reported in the latest Royal Society Biology Letters, has never been documented before for primates, including humans. In fact, people who recently tried out the new five-step termite fishing method found that it worked better than anything else at retrieving the nutritious, yet pesky, insects, which some human cultures eat too.
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Cryptanalysis Exercises
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Cryptanalysis Exercises
More-than-slightly contrived exercises in cryptanalysis with bioinformatics equivalents.
Aimed at an introductory-level class in probability & information theory for compbio.
Information content of a sequence
 - Blog.NumbersStations -- artificial voices reading numbers over shortwave radio, containing coded spy messages from Cuba -- does it get any better?
Data compression
See Data Compression Exercise.
Broken telephone tree
See Broken Telephone Tree.
Compositional analysis
 - Single-character, di-character analysis
 - Embed a signal in noise. Detect by compositional analysis
 - More cunning embedding: try and match the letter frequencies. Countermeasure: use adjacency freqs
 - Bring Bayesian scoring schemes into it somehow...
 - This is a generative model-based approach, following the classic 1949 paper of Claude Shannon: Wikipedia:Communication_Theory_of_Secrecy_Systems
 - General idea, illustrated for a Wikipedia:transposition_cipher:
 - Train an order-N HMM on English (see "compositional analysis" above)
 - Create an MCMC sampler over cipherkeys
 - Let K=cipherkey, C=ciphertext, T=plaintext=T(K,C)
 - You are then sampling from P(T,K)=P(C)*P(T(K,C)) where P(C) = 1/26! which disappears from Hastings ratio
 - Options for guessing the key:
 - Simplest is just to do full MCMC and take the mode
 - Can also do a simulated annealing version (gradually lower the temperature)
 - Lots of cheap & cheerful cryptanalysis can be done this way
 - No direct bioinformatics analogy (I think), but there ARE lots of MCMC algorithms in sequence analysis, so...
Pairwise sequence comparison
 - Pairwise homology detection: try to match plaintext with ciphertext encrypted using a running key cipher with a tabula recta
 - Both key and plaintext have a known frequency distribution (English), effectively yielding a substitution matrix
 - Variation: try to match two ciphertexts encrypted from the same plaintext with different running keys
 - Empirical demonstration: separation of signal and noise score distributions
 - In some cryptanalytic scenarios, evidence of homology may be all you need (can then apply rubber hose cryptanalysis)
 - Another pairwise homology example (better analogy, but not cryptanalysis per se - more like signals/traffic analysis): try to find the pair (or N/2 pairs) of matching transmissions in N noisily-intercepted transmissions
 - the source of randomness here is imperfect eavesdropping by Eve (e.g. line noise), rather than some cipher that can be treated as pseudo-random
 - for example, could have a "substitution matrix for Morse code": dot vs dash errors are like nucleotide substitutions
 - can introduce indels in similar ways
 - can make noise dependent on "length" of wire and thereby attempt to reconstruct topology of enemy network (c.f. phylogeny)... this may be stretching things a bit far, though...
 - Local alignment (ungapped): padded version of pairwise homology detection
Bayesian decision theory
Would be nice to have an example where you use posterior probabilities to maximize your expected reward (i.e. decision theory, specifically expected utility).
Perhaps an example involving industrial espionage?
Historical codes & ciphers; resources
 - Admiralty Secret Cypher S.P. 02105. British Cypher No. 5. (1943) "Recyphering is obligatory when using this cypher."
 - It's interesting how they abandoned the 5-letter alphabetic codewords for the 4-digit numerics, e.g. 9968 instead of ZUROF (meaning: "agitators"). Could this be because the consonant-vowel-consonant-vowel-consonant pattern of the 5-letter words was a giveaway that some sort of code was in use?
Some crypto blogs
Pages on Biowiki
 - Teaching.InformationBiology for general links between biology & information theory.
 - Teaching.RelativeEntropy for some waffle about D(p||q) and data compression
 - Teaching.BrokenTelephoneTree
 - Teaching.EditDistance
Required message lengths
Some perl code to figure out how long X and Y need to be before we can reliably deduce that they are related (plaintext & ciphertext) using a running key cipher with a tabula recta & assuming English plaintext & key, vs a null hypothesis that X is English and Y is perfectly random.
The formulae for the mean & SD of the score are \mu_q = \langle S_{ij} \rangle_q and \sigma_q = \langle S^2_{ij} \rangle_q - \mu^2 where S_{ij} = \log_2 \frac{q_{ij}}{p_{ij}} is the log-odds substitution matrix. (Note that the mean score equals the Kullback-Leibler divergence (relative entropy): \mu_q = D(q||p). Thus the expected score for related symbols is positive.)
On the other hand, if X and Y are in fact unrelated, then their symbols are drawn from p rather than q, so the mean score per symbol is \mu_p and the sd of this is \sigma_p. (Note that \mu_p = -D(p||q) and so the average score for unrelated symbols is negative.)
The mean difference in score between a "hit" (of length L) and a random sequence-pair (also of length L) is (\mu_q-\mu_p) L and the s.d. of this difference is \sqrt{L(\sigma_p^2+\sigma_q^2)}. So a message length of L \sim 4 (\sigma_p^2+\sigma_q^2) / (\mu_q-\mu_p)^2 is required for clear signal-noise separation.
Now let's compute p_{ij} and q_{ij}. Let i-j be cyclic subtraction (modulo the alphabet size A) and let b_i be the background distribution. Then q_{ij} = b_i b_{i-j} and p_{ij} = b_i/A.
curl | grep TR | perl -pe's/<\S+>//g' >lfreqs
cat lfreqs | perl -e 'while(<>){_USER_=split;if(_USER_==4){$t+=$p{$f[0]}=$f[1]}}
 _USER_=sort keys%p;for$a(_USER_){$p{$a}/=$t}$re=0;for$i(0..@a-1){for$j(0..@a-1){
 $d=$j-$i;$d+=_USER_ if$d<0;($ai,$aj,$ad)=map($a[$_],$i,$j,$d);
Result: about 10 characters are required.
This next one treats the case when X and Y are both ciphertexts of the same plaintext, encrypted using different running keys.
Plaintext and both keys are English. Null hypothesis: X and Y both random. So q_{ij} = \sum_k b_k b_{i-k} b_{j-k} and p_{ij} = 1/A^2.
 {$q=0;for$k(0..@a-1){$di=$i-$k;$di+=_USER_ if$di<0;$dj=$j-$k;$dj+=_USER_ if$dj<0;
Result: about 66 chars are required. Note that the only difference between these code snippets is the calculation of p and q. The code to compute L from these is identical in both cases.
-- Ian Holmes - 14 Dec 2006


How to Combine Two Words in English
Have you heard people say that they are taking a staycation in English?
Do you hear a lot of these combined words used and wonder what they really are?
We're looking at what a portmanteau is, how it is used in conversation, and what makes this sort of thing up.
This may actually be a beneficial lesson even for natives, as this is a newer concept and nobody really knows the true definition of this aspect of English.
Lindsay was looking into doing an episode about the word "staycation" and when researching for the episode, she learned about this entirely new concept that will be helpful for you to learn about today.
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Understanding A New Concept In English
There may be some terms or phrases that are new to you, particularly when it comes to English usage.
When you break down what category these fall into or how this all works, this can take a bit of background and experience.
For example, you probably haven't heard of the term "portmanteau" in English—though you may be using these in your conversations all the time.
Do you know what a portmanteau is?
This is a big word that even natives may not necessarily know the definition of, though these can be a very frequent part of conversation.
From the dictionary a portmanteau is "a word blending the sounds and combining the meanings of two others, for example motel (from 'motor' and 'hotel') or brunch (from 'breakfast' and 'lunch').
What's funny is that they list the following example–"podcast is a portmanteau, a made-up word coined from a combination of the words iPod and broadcast."
We have used so many of these before on the show, and even in real life when we are talking to somebody about a wide array of different subjects.
Think of things that you hear or say each day like "sitcom" or even "hangry."
So you hear these and likely even use them in your conversations, but you probably never knew that there was an actual name for them.
We've used them on the show and so you have heard them as a regular part of English speaking, but likely never really thought about what they were.
We've even done an episode on blends, but now we have an actual name for this.
In general, some portmanteaus are very obvious and well known, but some may surprise you.
We will do some obvious ones today, and then we can do a follow up in the future.
This is just how common this aspect of conversation has become, and so you want to be sure that you understand them and how they work.
So today we will share some fun ones, as well as some that you may not have heard because there are more than you may realize.
You also want to remember that these are not compound words, rather they are short words that make up a new word.
We may have done some of these words before, but we wanted to touch on them in this way because it's such a fun part of English speaking.
Real Life Examples
Have you heard these used in conversation?
Now that you know that the actual definition of a portmanteau, you want to see what some of the more common ones are.
You want to be sure to listen for them, and then start to use them because they are here to stay and add a fun twist to your conversations.
We are also putting conversational questions within each example because these can be helpful to think through.
 - Staycation: This is basically a stay vacation, so it means that you are staying at home for your vacation. You may have time off and you are spending it at home. You may be getting things done around your home, or you may even be visiting local attractions around your hometown. Have you ever had a staycation? Do you like this idea? Within 2020 and the pandemic, people took staycations because it was safest and easiest.
 - Mocktail: This is a mock cocktail, and these are often intended for kids, teenagers, or just those that don't drink when dining at restaurants. This allows you to feel like you're drinking a fancy drink, but without the alcohol. When you were growing up, did you ever have mocktails? Think of things like fancy strawberry daiquiris or pina coladas. They may almost feel like smoothies, though they have evolved quite a bit in recent years.
 - Netiquette: This is all about internet and etiquette, and so you combine the two. This has become a big issue in recent years with so many people online and actively using social media. In a way, you may feel that netiquette has become more important than regular etiquette? What is an important piece of netiquette? Do you follow all of these rules when you are online? This is a very timely and important one because it's something that applies to all of us.
 - Edutainment: This is education and entertainmentthat's exactly what we are here at AEE! It's all about learning something new with the education, but also being entertained in this environment. It's the perfect combination as it has benefits but also keeps you entertained. It's good here at AEE because you can enjoy what you are learning. It's great for kids too so that it holds their attention. Why do you think edutainment has become so popular?
 - Combining dog names: You hear this more and more such as with puggle which is a Pug and a Beagle. A dog breed that has gained in popularity is a labradoodle, which is a Labrador retriever and a Toy Poodle. We could do an entire follow up just on the newer dog breeds alone, but you get the idea here. Do you find puggles, labradoodles, or other combined dog breeds to be very cute?
So are some of these words popular and widely used?
Are these words informal or formal in your conversations?
It really depends on the context and who you are talking to, because you can have formal or informal portmanteaus.
Roleplay To Help
In this roleplay, Lindsay and Michelle are talking about a future vacation.
Lindsay: "So where should we go? Or should we just take a staycation and explore our area?"
Michelle: "What are we gonna do? Drink mocktails in my backyard?"
Lindsay: "Eh, I see your point. Oh man, look at this email. My friend has terrible netiquette."
Michelle: "Wow. Eh, don't worry about it. Should we watch some edutainment? I want to learn more about bees."
Lindsay: "Sure!"
This form of language is extremely common, and so it's important to understand it so you can use it in conversation.
Though this isn't something that you would likely learn in a textbook, it's a very helpful aspect of taking your English speaking up a notch.
Does this sort of thing happen in your native language?
This can be an interesting thing to not only understand, but also to talk about.
It can help you to understand other cultures, and it can lead to some great connections too.
Listen for examples, and then be sure to try these out in your conversations today!
We'll get back to you as soon as we can.
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The Choose Function, the Alternative to the IF or Vlookup
The Choose function is categorized in the latest versions of Excel as a Lookup and Reference formula, it returns a value from a set list of arguments based on a given position.
The function looks as follows:
=Choose(Index_num, Value1, Value2, Value3,…Value 254)
The Index_num is the number of the position in the list that you want found
Value1 to Value 254 is the list of values you want looked up. In Excel 2003, it would allow only up to 29 arguments.
For example:
=Choose(B3,"Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday","Sunday") would give you a result of Monday
In the example below, you can see it can also be used as an alternative to the IF Statement or the Vlookup:
Here we are looking to find the grade based on the students GPA
E5 is telling the formula what position to look for, in this case E5 has the Number 1 in it. Therefore the choose function will pull the first entry in this list, Grade A ($B$5)
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Hoard up Meaning in Bengali
English: Hoard up
Synonym of Hoard up:
Antonym of Hoard up:
Hoard up Meaning in Bengali:
"Hoard up" Meaning in Hindi:
Word Type: Unknown / অজানা / अज्ञात
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Bengalimeaning.com | Google Translator
Find the Hoard up Meaning in Bengali
, See the defination of this word "Hoard up"
. You may understand "Hoard up meaning in Bengali" from defination at English to Bangla online dictionary.
a supply or accumulation that is hidden or carefully guarded for preservation, future use, etc.: a vast hoard of silver.
to accumulate for preservation, future use, etc., in a hidden or carefully guarded place: to hoard food during a shortage.
to accumulate money, food, or the like, in a hidden or carefully guarded place for preservation, future use, etc.
an accumulated store hidden away for future use
a cache of ancient coins, treasure, etc


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Naua is a cursive or connective syllabic alphabet invented by Carl
Buck and used to write Kala, a conlang also invented by Carl Buck.
Naua is the primary script for Kala and is adapted from Ajan,
which was originally created around 2002 and inspired by Nüshu.
- Type of writing system: quasi-featural as the shapes of the consonants and vowel diacritics are meant to relay phonetic information. For instance, all sounds pronounced with the lips ("labial" sounds) have some element in common.
- Direction of writing: vertically in columns running left to right.
- Number of symbols: 14 consonant syllables and 9 basic diacritics that can be combined in numerous ways.
- "Naua" means 'rope; to tie' in Kala and refers to the appearance of the script and its resemblance to a rope, or thread.
Where ~ appears, it indicates free variation between phonemes.
Naua brush strokes and direction
Naua writing method
- The graphemes for pa and ka.
- Combining these renders pak.
- Adding a koli, or "tail" renders paka.
- Diacritic marks for /e/ and /o/ render peko /ˈpeː.ko/.
- Marks the labialization of /p/; /ˈpʷaː.ki/
- Shows the palatalization of /k/ and demonstrates two diacritics on one glyph; /ˈpaː.kʲo/, pakyo.
- The nasalization mark is shown on the ka syllable to render /ˈpun.ka/ or /ˈpuŋ.ka/, punka.
- The nasalization mark is shown on the initial glyph and demonstrates two diacritics on one glyph; /ˈᵐpoː.ka/, mpoka.
The conventional link between glyphs does not always occur. There are eight constructions which use the koli to link glyphs that do not fit together in the standard way. When writing a word that begins with a vowel glyph that is followed by a na or nya, a koli is used instead of the zero consonant symbol. This is the only occasion that a koli will be marked with a vowel diacritic.
Higher numbers in Naua
Sample text in Naua
kua tlana tsiya ma'a katsi ma kueli itlo nasa kam tlitsi ma toya yoha ma kanku ma'a tsaku te takun ketahe
all human free with dignity and rights equal born 3PL reasoning and conscience possess and 3PL. RECP with idea of brotherhood behave.NEC
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards
one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
(Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights)
Useful phrases in Kala
If you have any questions about Naua, you can contact Carl at: cfbuckjr[at]gmail[dot]com
Writing systems by Carl Buck
Other writing systems invented by visitors to this site
Learn Chinese Characters with the Omniglot Chinese app


Monthly utilities
just wondering how much do you guys pay a month for water and electricity? for single person and let's say during summer time with AC on half of the time
Both water and electricity are charged on a bimonthly basis. Water is cheap: around $200 every 2 months. Electricity can vary greatly between summer and winter due to the AC. In winter it's never more than $2000, where as the summer bill can push $3000.
2000 in winter and 3000 in summer those are every 2 months?
Yes, so it works out to be $1000 and $1500 per month in winter and summer, respectively.


What is GTIN, MPN, UPC, EAN, and ISBN on eBay? - Sellbrite
There are a lot of different acronyms involved in listing an item for sale on eBay, many of which you may not know. From MPNs and UPCs to ISBNs and EANs, keeping track of them can seem complicated, but their purpose is to simplify the eBay buying and selling process.
These product identifiers are a series of numerical or alphanumerical digits that signify specific items, creating a universal system that allows products to be identified. These various codes make it easy for shoppers to find items both on eBay and through search engines like Google, and they can boost your listings' visibility.
So what is MPN on eBay? And what about all those other acronyms? And how can they help your eBay sales? Let's take a look at what each of these identifiers means and how they can help you improve your eBay listings and make sales.
What is GTIN?
"GTIN" stands for global trade item number, an identifier assigned to any product by GS1, a not-for-profit organization that develops international standards for business communication.
These unique numbers help identify which products in one database correspond with products in another database across international borders and organizational boundaries, and they're issued to manufacturers and retailers for a fee. They were created to establish a single standard for product identification, and they incorporate other product identifiers, including UPC, EAN, MPN, and ISBN, which are all types of GTINs.
What is MPN?
"MPN" stands for manufacturer part number and is a series of numbers and/or letters that a manufacturer assigns to individual products.
MPNs help buyers find specific parts, and they identify which companies made those parts. They're more common in industries that make interchangeable parts, like the automobile, machinery, hardware, and computer industries.
For example, let's say an eBay shopper is looking for a specific hard drive.
search ebay by MPN
They can search for the item's MPN, such as "WL4000GSA6472E," as illustrated above.
ebay hard drives for sale
The shopper will then get a variety of search results, such as in the example above, that display only items with that exact MPN.
What is UPC?
"UPC" stands for universal product code, and it consists of a 12-digit numeric code and a corresponding machine-readable barcode that can be assigned to any product.
These are common in the United States and Canada and are primarily used for tracking inventory and scanning items at the point of sale. A unique UPC can identify a product by brand, name, item, color, and other factors.
What is EAN?
"EAN" stands for European article number, and it's essentially the European version of a UPC. These 13-digit codes are also known as international article numbers.
If your eBay listings are available to international buyers, including an EAN as a product identifier is essential.
What is ISBN?
"ISBN" stands for international standard book number, a 13-digit product identifier exclusively for books.
They're used primarily by publishers, booksellers, and libraries, but are commonly employed by Internet retailers to identify titles. Each variation of a book title — including the edition, the language, and the book format, such as print, audio, or e-book — has a unique ISBN.
What About SKUs?
"SKU" stands for stock-keeping unit, and it is a type of product identifier. However, SKUs are created by individual businesses for internal use and aren't actually standard codes.
eBay does have a "custom label (SKU)" field for sellers to enter SKUs, which allows you to include these internal identifiers to help you track inventory, ship orders, and ensure your listings are correct, but they won't be visible to buyers.
How Should eBay Sellers Use Product Identifiers?
When listing an item for sale on eBay, you'll always be prompted to enter product identifiers, such as the UPC or ISBN, for example, as illustrated below.
ebay product identifiers field
The purpose of these identifiers is to allow for product-based shopping and to make it easy for consumers to find the specific product they're interested in.
While eBay doesn't require product identifiers for product category — such as certain collectibles — they are essential for most eBay product categories. You can view the full list of qualifying and required categories here.
What are the Benefits of Product Identifiers on eBay?
As mentioned previously, using product identifiers in eBay listings simplifies the product-based shopping process for eBay users by allowing them to quickly and easily identify items. But there are several other benefits to including these codes in your listings:
 - They make creating listings easier by matching items with products already in eBay's catalog. For example, if you're selling a box set of Harry Potter paperback books and enter the ISBN "9781408856772," eBay can easily identify the product from previous listings and fill in a lot of essential information for you, as illustrated in the screenshot below.
harry potter boxset for sale on eBay
 - They make pricing more accurate.
 - They improve placement and visibility in search results on both eBay and in search engines.
 - They enable eBay to alert you when your listings are below the item's trending price.
 - They make your listings eligible for inclusion in eBay promotions.
Check out this article for tips for increasing your sales from successful eBay sellers.
Include 'Item Specifics'
Not every item you list for sale on eBay will necessarily have a specific product identifier, such as an MPN, a UPC, or an EAN. For example, event tickets and certain collectibles will typically lack this information, but you can still list these items for sale on eBay.
But you can still include what eBay calls "item specifics" in your listings, like the brand name and the physical details of what you're selling, such as size, make, model, and color. This information makes it easy for buyers to find your listings through search and determine whether your item is the one they're looking for.


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The screen has a unique position in the design and application of traditional Chinese cultural elements. It is applied to both commercial places and office sites, which can add an atmosphere of unique flavor. With the development of the times, the production materials and styles of screens have also changed; stainless steel electroplating screen, glass screen, imitation gauze glass screen, solid wood screen, medium fiber board carving screen, advertising cloth screen, etc.
The screen of the material is also comprehensively considering cost expenditure. The use of screens in high -end jewelry stores is becoming more and more extensive, which not only embellish the overall store environment, but also sets off the characteristics of the jewelry display cabinet or jade display cabinet. Jewelry showcase wood carving screen is the representative of traditional Chinese culture.
In the history of thousands of years, it has played an important role. The wooden screen is simple and thick, and the carving content is a pattern related to Chinese cultural elements. The stainless steel electroplating screen is the highest -end fashion, which can replace wooden screens, and the biggest feature is to increase the three -dimensional sense of the screen.
The quality is strong in high -end jewelry stores. With the use of traditional cultural elements in jewelry stores with traditional cultural elements, the screen is also loved by designers. The clever application enhances the overall layering, modern sense and cultural connotation.
Let 's enjoy the application drawings of several screens in jewelry stores, and experience its help of jewelry showcases, emerald display cabinets and gold display cabinets. .
jewelry showcase manufacturers
museum showcases manufacturers


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Note: If you are using Excel to edit GenePattern files, be sure to save the file as a tab-delimited text file and supply the correct file extension. You can specify the file name in quotes to prevent Excel from appending.txt to the file name. Also, note that Excel's auto-formatting can introduce errors in gene names, as described in Zeeberg, et al (2004).
ODF File Format
The Ouput Description Format (ODF) is similar to the RES or GCT file formats for datasets. The main difference is in the header. The body of data still contains the expression level values for each gene in each sample. Thus the main data block (after the header lines) is a matrix of values. The columns are defined by a name and optionally a description. The rows have a name (name of the gene for instance) and a description (description of the gene). The columns contain the expression values for each gene in a sample. If the first gene in the data block is a particular Tyrosine Kinase then each of the samples contained in each of the columns will have expressions values for that particular Tyrosine Kinase in the first row.
Note: This ODF format is specific to GenePattern. It is not an Open Document Format (ODF) for Office Applications as defined by the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS).
ODF Header for Datasets
The following example shows the header lines of an ODF file. The first five lines are required.The line numbers are shown for easy reference, they should not be included in your file.
1. ODF 1.0
3. Model= Dataset
4. DataLines= 3
5. COLUMN_TYPES: String String float float float *
6. COLUMN_DESCRIPTIONS: Sample from DFCI Sample from UK Sample from Children's
7. COLUMN_NAMES: Name Description Sample 1 Biopsy_2 Biopsy_4
Lines 1 and 2 are required first and second lines. They must both be present in the header and be the first and second lines. They signify that this is an ODF formatted file (of type 1.0) and indicate the number of header lines that follow before the main data block (in this case 7 more). Line 3, required to be somewhere in the header of an ODF file, defines this ODF file as containing Dataset data. Line 4 is required somewhere in the header file. It indicates the number of data rows present in the data block. Line 5 is required somewhere in the header file for any ODF file that has a main data block. It defines the type of data in each column. Line 6 is a tab-delimited list of descriptions for each column. Line 7 is a tab-delimited list of names for the columns. Line 8 defines which column will have the row names, and Line 9 defines which column will contain the row descriptions.
Note: Following are a few notes about the ODF Header:
The first element of each header line will be a key word. The keyword defines/describes what kind of meta data will be found on the rest of that line.
A remark is a human readable comment that is skipped by the parser. This line starts with the "#" character and can contain any type of text since it is not parsed. Note that remarks are not counted as header lines and the user can insert them "by hand".
The number of data lines can be quite large. For example, the U133A chip measures the expression values for about 20,000 human genes. A Dataset created from several samples using the U133A gene chip could have a large value for the DataLines tag.
The COLUMN_NAMES:, COLUMN_DESCRIPTIONS:, and COLUMN_TYPES: lists must have the same number of elements. Also the number of elements must be equal to the number of columns in the main data block.
The COLUMN_NAMES:, and COLUMN_DESCRIPTIONS: could be empty, that is simply contain the proper number of tabs but no text.
Main Data Block
The following example shows the first few lines of the main data block:
1000_at X60188 HSERK1 Human ERK1 mRNA 145.3 240.37823 158.66888
1001_at X60957 HSTIEMR Human tie mRNA 20.5 31.139397 14.053186
1002_f_at X65962 HSCP450 H.sapiens mRNA -9.6 118.06088 -8.287777
The main data block must be consistent with the header. The first COLUMN_NAMES element is "Name". This label is associated with the first column (values: 1000_at, 1001_at, and 1002_f_at). The second column's label is "Description" which is associated with the second column of the main data block. The next three columns are floating point numbers that represent the gene expression values for each of the samples.
Note: The first two columns are just text data, and next three columns only contain floating point values. This is consistent with the "String, String, float, float, float" elements in the COLUMN_TYPES: list.


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< Parks & Lakes
| || |
One of the hallmarks of the Minneapolis Park System is its lakes, ponds, wetlands and creeks. From the famous Lake Harriet to the little-known Black Ash Seep in Minnehaha Park, our water resources are a precious resource.
For over 125 years the MPRB has maintained the area's scenic and recreational bodies of water, which has earned it the national reputation for sound conservation and ecological practice that leads the way to a healthy environment.
The MPRB system includes 16 lakes, which are defined as water bodies whose maximum depth at low water exceeds 6.6 feet (2m) depth and develops layers of different temperature for at least part of the open-water season.
|Lake of the Isles
The MPRB system contains many wetlands, which are defined as a permanently saturated or flooded basin shallower than 6.6 feet (2m) depth at low water and that have historic or hydrologic significance to the MPRB.
High Profile Wetlands:
Other Wetland areas:
- Diamond Lake
- Webber Pond, Webber Park
- Wirth Park wetlands
- Wetland complex from the Eloise Butler Wildflower Garden to Glenwood Ave.
- Wetland complex north side of Highway 55/Wirth Lake
- Quaking Bog, Wirth Park
- Eloise Butler Wildflower Garden wetland
- Black Ash Seep, Minnehaha Park
- Roberts Bird Sanctuary wetland
- Shingle Creek Area
- East of creek, west of Humboldt, north of 49th Ave. N
- Both sides of Shingle Creek, just south of 49th Ave. N
- Wirth Park Area
- North of Golden Valley Road, north of Theodore Wirth Park, west of the intersection of Golden Valley Road and Theodore Wirth Parkway.
- Small wetland ponds and wetlands inside and at the east edge of Wirth Park, just west/northwest of Anwatin School.
- Wirth Golf Course ponds and wetlands.
- Ponds on Columbia Golf Course
- Between 58th St. E and 60th St. E, and north of Highway
- Wetland complex towards the Hwy. 62 side
- Bassett's Creek - From Theodore Wirth Parkway to Morgan Ave. N.
- Minnehaha Creek – Across South Minneapolis from Lake Minnetonka/Gray's Bay in Minnetonka to Minnehaha Park where it empties into the Mississippi River (22 miles)
- Shingle Creek – North Minneapolis from Shingle Creek in Brooklyn Park to the Mississippi River (12 miles)


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Five Brookhaven Lab Scientists recognized for their outstanding contributions
The American Physical Society (APS), the world's largest physics organization, has elected five scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory as 2017 APS fellows. With more than 53,000 members from academia, government, and industry, APS seeks to advance and share physics knowledge through research journals, scientific meetings, and activities in education, outreach, and advocacy. Each year, a very small percentage of APS members are elevated to the status of fellow through a peer nomination process. Fellows are recognized for their exceptional contributions to physics, including in research, applications, leadership and service, and education.
The 2017 APS fellows representing Brookhaven Lab are Anatoly Frenkel, Morgan May, Rachid Nouicer, Eric Stach, and Peter Steinberg.
Anatoly Frenkel, APS Division of Materials Physics
"For seminal contributions to in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, transformative development of structural characterization methods for nanoparticles, and their pioneering applications to a broad range of functional nanomaterials in materials physics and catalysis science."
Anatoly Frenkel holds a joint appointment as a senior chemist in Brookhaven Lab's Chemistry Division—where he serves as principal investigator of the Structure and Dynamics of Applied Nanomaterials Group—and tenured professor in Stony Brook University's Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department. Frenkel's research focuses on the application of synchrotron-based x-ray methods to characterize materials and study how their structures and properties relate.
Image: Anatoly Frenkel


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Stairway to Heaven Songwriting
Zero in on the lyrics for deeper meaning.
Robert Plant has a lot going on in his lyrics. Curiously, few of the verses rhyme. Plant uses assonance—rhyming of vowel sounds—and a bit of true rhyme, first rarely but then with increasing frequency as he reaches the big finale of the song. A good example of assonance appears in the first stanza: "When she gets there she knows / If the stores are all closed," where both "knows" and "closed" have long "o" sounds. Coming to the third stanza without making any other use of assonance or rhyme, Plant gives us:
And it's whispered that soon
If we all call the tune
Then the piper will lead us to reason
And a new day will dawn
For those who stand long
Here "soon" and "tune" obviously rhyme, and "long" is pronounced as "lawn" to rhyme with "dawn." The use of rhyme here mirrors the kind of voice that Plant is putting on. It's more assertive and the poetry of using rhyme makes these lines seem absolute or truthful.
In Plant's final verse, following Jimmy Page's majestic guitar solo, everything is made to rhyme or have assonance. The ends of the first lines—"road" and "souls"—get their final consonants slurred to emphasize the assonant vowels, and the same happens to "gold" when it is rhymed with "show" and "know." You might think the next lines, "And if you listen very hard / The tune will come to you at last" can't possibly rhyme or have assonance, but Plant pronounces "last" with a weaker "a" as in the British pronunciation of "class" and "pass" in order to create assonance. And finally Plant wails out the ending consonance of "When all is one and one is all / To be a rock and not to roll." Live, Plant sometimes makes "all" and "roll" rhyme completely. Again, the increased use of rhyme and assonance swell with the song as it reaches this point of prophetic rock n' roll truth and emotion.
Another thing worth noting: "Stairway to Heaven" is full of Romantic figures of nature, enchanting beings, and big philosophical ideas like "reason" and "the west." These features, found in every verse, evoking the pastoral and mystical, are vague enough to be universally evocative and they're wrapped in a semblance of narrative (the narrative of the lady trying to buy a stairway to heaven) just enough to be engaging. There is never a clear picture of what exactly is going on, but Plant's lyrics bring together enough "metaphysical" material to appear to have deeper meaning while still resisting absolute interpretation. This parallels the band and cover art of Led Zeppelin IV; Led Zeppelin was notoriously camera-shy, for being the biggest band in the world, and IV's cover—an over-papered wall with picture of a hermit with sticks on his back—was utterly impenetrable in terms of meaning. This creates an occultist, mystical fascination for those who want it. Even if the words have no absolute meaning; they allow for endless debate and wonder.
Next Page: Influences
Previous Page: Meaning


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Clemson Area Astronomers of Senceca, South Carolina, Photo: Ram White
The Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP) announced the winners of its 2011 awards for excellence in astronomy education. Many of our club members have won awards, and this year two Night Sky Network members won again!
The Las Cumbres Amateur Outreach Award, honoring outstanding educational outreach by an amateur astronomer to K-12 children and the public, goes to Lonnie Puterbaugh of Brentwood, Tennessee. Lonnie turned a minivan into a mobile display center and observatory called The Astronomy Channel. He travels hundreds of miles to share The Astronomy Chanel with astronomy clubs and organizations, and also presents locally. His van has a variety of electronic gear that lets him entertain and inform the public about astronomy even if clouds prevent sky observing. His programs include music, video and electronic images of celestial objects. Lonnie is active with two Night Sky Network clubs: Barnard-Seyfert Astronomical Society of Tennessee, and Von Braun Astronomical Society of Alabama.
The Thomas J. Brennan Award for excellence in astronomy teaching at the high school level is awarded to Mark S. Reed of Jackson High School in Jackson, Michigan. Reed has taught astronomy there for 23 years, and also teaches at Jackson's Lumen Christi High School. Among his accomplishments is the revitalization of the high school's Peter F. Hurst Planetarium, of which he became director in 1992 and which he uses extensively in his innovative teaching. He has assisted in the retrofit of the Jackson County Intermediate School District's Camp McGregor Observatory, where he is a lead teacher helping local high school students learn about CCD imaging. Mark is a member of the Amateur Astronomers of Jackson, Michigan. Read more about the 2011 ASP Annual Award Winners.


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Informations and abstract
Keywords: Shoah, Italy, Second World War, Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler, Righteous, Informants.
The article illustrates the genesis and development of the first episode of Shoah in Italy, which took place in the Novarese and Verbano provinces in the days following the Armistice. In particular, the dynamics and reasons that led the German soldiers to perpetrate the massacres on Lake Maggiore are analyzed. Important details on the lives of the victims are also highlighted, determining the developments of certain arrests. Above all, it has been ascertained that the number of victims is higher than that known to date. After a brief presentation of the historical and geographical context, the descriptions of the dynamics of each massacre and the presentation of the judicial process which involved part of the perpetrators of the aforementioned massacres follow.


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Malleable grasping forceps for manipulation and cauterization. New handle design allows for better control and less tip movement. Insulated shaft permits cauterization.The Daniel Endoscopic Forehead instruments have been developed for multiple endoscopic procedures.
- New innovative thumb-actuated ring handles provide greater tactile feedback with less unwanted tip movement than traditional ringhandle instruments.
- Shafts are malleable and insulated making the instrument more versatile for multiple applications.
- Multiple instrument tips allow for a greater range of procedure techniques.


Dyadic (DYAI) | TiiCKER
The rich history of Dyadic represents a microcosm of how modern biotechnology is revolutionizing science, medicine, agriculture, and engineering to improve how we feed, fuel, and heal the world.
For Dyadic, the journey can be described as going from "Jeans to Genes": pioneering the use of pumice stones to stonewash blue jeans in the early 1980s, shifting along with the industry to enzymes in the middle of the decade, then beginning a new journey with the discovery of a filamentous fungal strain, nicknamed C1, suitable for producing cellulase and other enzymes in the early 1990s. Over the next two decades, Dyadic has built the knowledge, expertise, molecular tools, and technology needed to create and commercialize one of the world's premiere gene expression systems, the C1 Technology Platform. During C1's development, we identified two serendipitous mutations: the first changed the morphology of our organism, resulting in high productivity and better growth conditions; the second created our C1 White StrainTM, which allows for the production of purer enzymes and other proteins at high productivity.
Secondary 1
Secondary 1Secondary 2Secondary 3
Visit Dyadic
Spotlight Brands
Spotlight Brands


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Maps, transcriptions, photos and information for cemeteries in every county in Texas.
Also known as Willow Hole Cemetery, Zulch Community Cemetery
12 mi. N. of Madisonville. Located at 12910 FM 1372, North Zulch--about eight miles S of Highway 21 down FM 39 to FM 1372 and left on FM 1372 to the cemetery.
Willowhole Cemetery. This community was settled in the 1850s and named for a nearby spring-fed hollow. The cemetery served as a community graveyard for the town, which until the early 1900s contained businesses, schools, and churches. The first recorded burial here was that of Mary J. Burts in 1866. A cemetery association was founded in 1917 about the time annual July 4th picnics began. In 1977 a fund for perpetual maintenance was established. Among the more than 2600 people buried here are pioneers of the area and their descendants and veterans of conflicts from the Civil War to Vietnam. - Historical Marker Text. Marker erected 1994.
Photos from the Texas Tombstone Project
Willowhole Cemetery Transcription from the Madison County TXGenWeb site
Photos from the Madison County TXGenWeb site
Some Willowhole markers Transcription from the Madison County TXGenWeb site
Willowhole Cemetery Graves from findagrave