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Handpan Shell Forming Methods
The handpan art form has been developing exponentially quicker as more and more people are starting to explore building these types of drums. This is leading to novel building ideas being released to the public almost weekly. One topic of development has been basic shell forming. Whereas the steel pan has been traditionally hammered or "sank", the birth of the handpan arrived on deep drawn shells fabricated by Panart. Years later, Jim Dusin and Kyle Cox of Pantheon Steel developed a new forming process called "Rolling". While it is similar to traditional metal spinning (that some handpan builders have also used), there are fundamental differences in the Rotations Per Minute as well as how the shell is held and formed. In 2015, the deep drawn shell became increasingly popular after Shellopan lead a cooperative project to produce the shells and sell them to dozens of other builders. Now additional builders such as Ayasa also offer deep drawn shells. In 2016, Colin Foulke popularized another traditional metal forming process called hydro forming. Numerous more builders began using the method after Colin shared his Machinery Design. The only other method that we have heard of that we have not seen used is "Single Point Incremental Forming", which is referred to by Soren Maloney in at least one of his Academic Papers (note that the paper will immediately begin downloading to your computer when you click on the link).
At Saraz, we have explored a few of these methods. While we have mostly built fully hammer shaped instruments, we were one of the first builders beyond Pantheon Steel to explore the Rolled Shell. Here is a video of a Rolled Shell Saraz built in 2016.
Once Shellopan began offering deep drawn shells, we also explored some of those. The following video is a Saraz built on a Shellopan shell:
We have also explored a couple deep drawn shells from Isthmus Instruments. Here is a video of a Saraz built from one of those shells:
We have also built a Saraz from a Hydro Formed shell fabricated by Bill Roberts in Florida. The following video is of the only Saraz built on a Hydro Formed Shell.
Why Fully Hammer Shaped Saraz Handpans?
With so many potential building methods, we are sometimes asked "Why do we choose to continue focusing on fully hammer shaped shells?"
6 reasons why we focus on hammer shaped shells
1. Because we have a team to share the workload
While we have found that sinking shells is one of the easier skills to learn in the process of building a handpan drum, our method has required at least 20-30 shells to get good at sinking a shell smoothly and most importantly with an ideal stretch (with an experienced teacher). Figuring out on our own how to sink an ideal shell for our process and preferences took us at least 200-300 shells. While it is much easier using a pneumatic hammer than hammering a shell entirely by hand, it is still a physically intensive job, especially compared to pushing a button on a machine that does it for you. With a focus on shell independence and an appreciation for the tone and timbre of hammer sunk shells, Mark has rarely considered trying to entirely bypass sinking shells by hammer. His interest in using other materials has primarily come from a curiosity to learn more about the handpan building process and the nature of tuned steel by trying new methods. For this reason mainly, he developed a team of people to contribute to the workload necessary for building and developing the Saraz. In the 4 years that the Saraz has been in production, 7 people have been trained to sink shells. While the process evolved in different directions through the hard earned lessons of a couple people, Mark's father, Papa Steve, deserves most of the credit for developing the current shell sinking process at Saraz. It is important to realize that had Mark been building the Saraz alone for the last 4 years, it would not have evolved in the way it has and he would definitely not be using hammer shaped shells as the process would have been simply too brutal for him to do in addition to shaping dimples, forming ports, and tuning.
While we CAN sink shells as a team, there are other more important reasons that we CHOOSE to still focus on hammer sunk shells. The main reasons are because of the nature of the material as well as its tone and timbre.
2. Shell Thickness Profile
We have developed a process that leads toward a thickness profile which we prefer as well as note architecture based around this thickness profile. The center of a Saraz shell receives the least hammer strikes in order to keep it as thick as possible while most of the stretch is in a ring around the center note. This area is approximately between 5 inches/12 cm from the center point of the shell and 4 inches/ 10 cm from the rim. Near the rim on a hammered Saraz shell is the thickest while the next thickest place is the center of the shell.
Tuned steel notes are similar in many ways to tuned strings. Lower notes want thicker strings to vibrate appropriately while higher notes want thinner strings to vibrate appropriately. Consider the thickness of different guitar strings as an example. Panyard, one of the finest steel pan builders in the world, grinds down the thickness of every note on their instruments to their ideal thickness for this reason.
Relative to other forming methods, we have found that the center of our hammer shaped shells is a similar thickness to that of the rolled shells that Pantheon once sold, which were formed on the same thickness of metal (approximately 1.2 mm thick). The center of a Hammered Saraz shell is thicker however than the center of a 1 mm Shellopan deep drawn shell. The center of a hammered Saraz shells is also thicker than the hydro formed shells that we have seen formed from 1.2 mm thick steel. With the traditional layout of a handpan having the lowest note in the center, this is very important! Compare this to a traditional steel pan where the lowest notes are typically near the rim while the highest notes are in the center.
Our hammer sunk shells are also slightly thinner in the ring of primary stretch than a deep drawn shell and much thinner than some of same area on the hydro formed shells that we have seen, however our hammer sunk shells are thicker than the same areas on a rolled shell. Each of these deviations leads toward a desire for different ideal note size. For example, the note form that we use for E4 on a hammer shaped shell is one note larger than the note form that we use for E4 on a rolled shell. This is because thicker metal seems to inherently lead toward bigger notes while thinner metal inherently leads toward smaller notes. While there are some ways to compensate for this, we are speaking about generalized inherent nature. Because of the thickness profile, fully hammer shaped center notes on a Saraz tend to be stronger and stiffer than on a deep drawn Saraz, which are very easily bendable. The highest harmonic partials such as G#6 or A6 (the compound 5ths of C#5 and D5) are a bit easier to make sing on hammer shaped Saraz than on deep drawn Saraz while they are the easiest to make sing on a rolled shell Saraz. This is not to say that beautiful instruments can not be made on shells from other forming methods as multiple builders have achieved it on each forming method. It is only to explain how and why we have designed our architecture around the hammered shell method.
3. Tone and Timbre
Another reason that we prefer hammer shaped shells is because of the inherent nature of the tone and timbre. While much of this equation is enormously influenced by heat treating, metal alloy, and especially architecture, there are inherent qualities to the hammer sunk shell that appear somewhat universal. Particularly, hammered shells appear to have a nice and balanced degree of coupling or note activation, at least for our particular taste as players. It is very common for lower notes to activate higher notes. For example, a B3 might activate a B4 on the other side of the instrument because they share the same frequency (B4). Sometimes, a high note might also activate a lower note in the same way. Controlling the degree of this coupling is the only reason why we turn some notes more parallel to the rim (particularly notes that share the same frequencies as the center note). In comparison, there is much less coupling on a deep drawn Saraz or on the hydro formed instruments that we have seen.
We would never proclaim that either shell or quality is better or worse. It is simply a matter of preference and personal taste. Some players and builders prefer less activation while we prefer a bit more. There is a limit however to how much we prefer. When we were building predominantly rolled shell Saraz, our architecture and building process of the time lead to much greater coupling to a point that we sometimes did not prefer. While the Halo has developed in ways that tame this variable considerably resulting in a beautiful balanced instrument, there seems to be an inherent quality of strong coupling with the rolled forming process. We particularly found this to be true with bottom notes on rolled shells.
4. Note Isolation
Another interesting quality of comparison between forming methods is note isolation. While we prefer just the right amount of coupling, we also want the best note isolation possible between adjacent notes. While it is nice to have 10, 11, or even 12 notes on a top shell, it becomes increasingly more difficult to achieve excellent isolation with every instrument. This is what is most impressive in the instruments of builders that have achieved it! Of the forming processes that we have explored, we have found that the hammered shell has the most inherent isolation for our building methods and architecture. While of course great isolation can be achieved


text: In information technology, a repository (pronounced ree-PAHZ-ih-tor-i) is a central place in which an aggregation of data is kept and maintained in an organized way, usually in computer storage. The term is from the Latin repositorium, a vessel or chamber in which things can be placed, and it can mean a place where things are collected. Depending on how the term is used, a repository may be directly accessible to users or may be a place from which specific databases, files, or documents are obtained for further relocation or distribution in a network. A repository may be just the aggregation of data itself into some accessible place of storage or it may also imply some ability to selectively extract data. Related terms are data warehouse and data mining.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
This crater features sand dunes and sand sheets on its floor. What are sand sheets? Snow fall on Earth is a good example of sand sheets: when it snows, the ground gets blanketed with up to a few meters of snow. The snow mantles the ground and "mimics" the underlying topography. Sand sheets likewise mantle the ground as a relatively thin deposit.
This kind of environment has been monitored by HiRISE since 2007 to look for movement in the ripples covering the dunes and sheets. This is how scientists who study wind-blown sand can track the amount of sand moving through the area and possibly where the sand came from. Using the present environment is crucial to understanding the past: sand dunes, sheets, and ripples sometimes become preserved as sandstone and contain clues as to how they were deposited. [More at link]

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Get Lepidodendron essential facts below. View Videos or join the Lepidodendron discussion. Add Lepidodendron to your PopFlock.com topic list for future reference or share this resource on social media.
Temporal range: Early Carboniferous - Late Triassic
typically Carboniferous
~359.2-205 Ma
Lepidostrobus variabilis 2.jpg
The strobilus of Lepidodendron
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Lycophytes
Class: Lycopodiopsida
Order: +Lepidodendrales
Family: +Lepidodendraceae
Genus: +Lepidodendron
 - L. aculeatum Sternberg 1820
 - L. batovii Chachlov 1948
 - L. obovatum Sternberg 1820
 - L. whitehillianum Anderson & Anderson 1986
Lepidodendron is an extinct genus of primitive, vascular, tree-like plants, also known as scale trees, related to the quillworts and lycopsids (club mosses). They were part of the coal forest flora. They sometimes reached heights of 50 metres (160 feet),[1] and the trunks were often over 1 m (3.3 ft) in diameter. They thrived during the Carboniferous Period (about 359.2 ± 2.5 Mya (million years ago) and were found until the Late Triassic, about 205 Mya) before going extinct.[2] Sometimes erroneously called "giant club mosses", the genus was actually more closely related to modern quillworts than to modern club mosses.
The name Lepidodendron comes from the Greek lepis, scale, and? dendron, tree.
Description and biology
Artist's impression of Lepidodendron
Lepidodendron species were comparable in size to modern trees. The plants had tapering trunks as wide as 2 m (6.6 ft) at their base that rose to about 40 m (130 ft)[3] and even 50 m (160 ft),[1] arising from an underground system of horizontally spreading branches that were covered with many rootlets. Though the height of the trees make the plants similar to modern trees, the constant dichotomy of branches created a habit that contrasts with that of modern trees. At the ends of branches were oval-shaped cones that had a similar shape to modern cones of a spruce or fir.[4]
The stem of the trees had a unifacial vascular cambium, contrasting with the bifacial vascular cambium of modern trees. Though the bifacial cambium of modern trees produces both secondary phloem and xylem, the unifacial cambium of Lepidodendron trees produced only secondary xylem. As the trees aged, the wood produced by the unifacial cambium decreased towards the top of the plant such that terminal twigs resembled young Lepidodendron stems. Compared to modern trees, the stems and branches of the trees contained little wood with the majority of mature stems consisting of a massive cortical meristem. The nearly-uniform growth of this cortical tissue indicates no difference in growth during changing seasons, and the absence of dormant buds further indicates the lack of seasonality in Lepidodendron species.[5] The outermost cortex of oldest stems developed into the bark-like lycopodiopsid periderm.[6] The bark of the trees was somewhat similar to that of Picea species, as leaf scars formed peg-like projections that stretched and tore as the bark stretched. To resist the bending force of wind, Lepidodendron trees depended on their outer bark rather than their vascular tissues, as compared to modern trees that rely mostly on their central mass of wood.[4]
- The leaves of the trees were needle-like and were densely spiraled about young shoots, each possessing only a single vein. The leaves were similar to those of a fir in some species and similar to those of Pinus roxburghii in others, though in general the leaves of Lepidodendron species are indistinguishable from those of Sigillaria species. The decurrent leaves formed a cylindrical shell around branches. The leaves were only present on thin and young branches, indicating that, though the trees were evergreen, they did not retain their needles for as long as modern conifers. The leaf-cushions were fusiform and elongated, growing at most to a length of 8 cm (3.1 in) and a width of 2 cm (0.79 in). The middle of leaf-cushions were smooth, where leaf scars were created when an abscission layer cut a leaf from its base. Each leaf scar was composed of a central circular or triangular scar and two lateral scars that were smaller and oval-shaped. This central scar marks where the main vascular bundle of the leaf connected to the vascular system of the stem. This xylem bundle was composed only of primary trachea. The two outer scars mark the forked branches of a strand of vascular tissue that passed from the cortex of the stem into the leaf. This forked strand is sometimes referred to as the "parichnos". Surrounding this strand were parenchyma cells and occasionally thick-walled elements. Surrounding both conducting tissues was a broad sheath of transfusion tracheids. Below the leaf scar the leaf-cushion tapered to a basal position. In this tapering area, circular impressions with fine pits were present. These impressions were continuous with the parichnos scars near the top of the tapering portion. This is because the impressions are formed by aerenchyma tissue that developed in closely with the parichnos. Above the leaf scar was a deep triangular impression known as the "ligular pit" for its similarities to the ligule of Isoetes. In some leaf-cushions a second depression was present above the ligular pit. Though its purpose is unclear, it has been suggested that the depression may mark the position of a sporangium. As the branch of a Lepidodendron tree grew the leaf-cushion only grew to a certain extent, past which the leaf-cushion stretched. This stretching widened the groove that separated the leaf-cushions, creating a broad, flat channel.[4]
Hyphae are occasionally present in the tissues of Lepidodendron trees, indicating a susceptibility to fungal parasites.[4]
Different fossil genera have been described to name the various levels of decay in Lepidodendron bark fossils. The name Bergeria describes stems that have lost their epidermises, Aspidiariu is used when cushions have been removed by deep decay, and Knorria is used when the leaf cushions and the majority of cortical tissues has decayed, with a shallow "fluted" surface remaining. However, it has been suggested that these are more likely growth forms than preserved bark types, as entire fossilized trunks have been discovered with dissimilar forms; if decay is assumed to be constant throughout the trunk, then different forms indicate growth rather than levels of decay. It is likely that the trunk of Lepidodendron trees were subject to the growth forms Knorria, Aspidiaria, and Bergeria progressing up the trunk, respectively.[7]
Lepidodendron species had a life cycle of 10 to 15 years composed of a growth cycle, in which the trees grew to a predetermined height, and a subsequent reproductive cycle, in which the trees produced reproductive organs, after which the trees died, similar to the life cycle of a Mauna Kea silversword.[6]
Rather than reproduce with seeds, Lepidodendron trees reproduced with spores. The spores were stored in sporangia situated on fertile stems that grew on or near the main trunk. The fertile stems grew together in cone-like structures that clustered at the tips of branches.[8]
The lack of growth rings and of dormant buds indicate no seasonal growth patterns and modern plants with similar characteristics tend to grow in tropical conditions, but Lepidodendron species were distributed throughout subtropical conditions. The trees inhabited an extensive area compared to tropical flora of the same time period, with trees growing as far north as Spitsbergen and as far south as South America, in a latitudinal range of 120°.[5]
Decline and extinction
By the Mesozoic era, the giant lycopsids had died out and were replaced by conifers as well as smaller quillworts.[2] This may have been the result of competition from the emerging woody gymnosperms. Lepidodendron is one of the more common plant fossils found in Pennsylvanian-age (Late Carboniferous) rocks. They are closely related to other extinct lycopsid genera, Sigillaria and Lepidendropsis.
In popular culture
In the 19th century, due to the reptilian look of the diamond-shaped leaf scar pattern, petrified trunks of Lepidodendron were frequently exhibited at fairgrounds by amateurs as giant fossil lizards or snakes.[9] Inversely, the fossil of a temnospondyl amphibian collected in a Triassic formation in Tasmania was described in 1885 as the cone of an ancient plant, with affinities to this genus, as Lepidostrobus muelleri.[10][11]
See also
 1. ^ a b


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Friday July 31, 2015 0 comments
FORT COLLINS -- Colorado State University announced it has received a $12 million award from the National Science Foundation to help establish the Urban Water Innovation Network (UWIN).
A consortium of 14 academic institutions and other key partners across the nation is working to address challenges that threaten urban water systems in the U.S. and around the world.
UWIN's mission is to create technological, institutional and management solutions to help communities increase the resilience of their water systems and enhance their preparedness for responding to water emergencies.
Mazdk Arabi, associate professor of civil and environmental engineering at CSU, serves as UWIN's director. Other CSU faculty involved with UWIN include professors Sybil Sharvelle, Brina Bledsoe, Neil Grigg, Jorge Ramirez, Dan Baker, Scott Denning and LeRoy Poff.
UWIN aims to create a research network for integrated water systems and to cultivate champions of innovation for water-sensitive urban design and resilient cities, CSU said.
The network will establish six connected regional urban water sustainability hubs in densely populated regions to serve as innovation centers, helping communities transition to sustainable management of their water resources.
For more information, contact UWIN coordinator Meagan Smith at [email protected].

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
View homework help - chapter 24 discussion questions: from history 1-2 at boulder creek high school discussion questions: 1 what were the causes of the development. Chapter 24 study questions: for many years at a time, paul d had been known for a man moving around constantly never having anything holding him back or holding down. Acts bible study discussion questions chapter 25 acts 25:1-5 1 what did the jewish leaders "try out" on festus, the new governor why. Summary and analysis chapter 24 this concluding chapter serves to answer whatever questions the reader may have after the final scaffold scene. 83 how does hawthorne further develop the symbolic importance of the scaffold during dimmesdale's sermon - the scarlet letter starts burning which shows the. A quiz to help you with your chapter 24 (and 233) test.
Study 8 chapter 24 study questions (tkam) flashcards from cordell n on studyblue. To kill a mockingbird chapter-by-chapter questions you can follow it up with discussion chapter 12 mixing with strangers. Chapter 24 of to kill a mockingbird concerns events that happen after tom robinson's trial, but are still affected by the verdict this printable. Chapter 24 - the origin of species microevolution is the study of depending on the situation and the types of questions we are asking concept 242. Plot and discussion questions chapter 24 - 27 to kill a mockingbird directions: answer the following in complete sentences, using the question in the sentence.
Then you're ready to think about the questions a note on chapter numbers and editions: (see p 24 her first what does victor then begin to study who or. Seeing jesus on the way a bible study on luke 24:13-35 introduction the gospel of luke, and especially chapter 24, is about this. This activity has five multi-part discussion questions for chapter 24 of to kill a mockingbird the questions focus on hypocrisy, gender, and character development. Apush chapter 24 study guide - free download as word doc (doc / docx) or read online for free.
A summary of chapters 23–24 in nathaniel hawthorne's the scarlet letter learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene, or section of the scarlet letter and. Chapter 24-27 study questions 1 railroad expansion (pp 528-536) a the government gave away land bigger than the state of _____ to various railroad.
| author: dele oke acts chapter 24 - questions for discussion introduction the last five chapters of acts concentrate on paul's captivity and the efforts of the. The gospel of matthew chapter twenty-four this chapter records the beginning of mt 24:36-51 2) what questions were prompted want a free bible study. Quizlet provides ap world history chapter 24 activities, flashcards and games start learning today for free. Be sure you answer these thoroughly and thoughtfully for your own benefit due monday, december 13 questions chapter 24 1 let's do a little math, in the spirit of.
Ten studies in luke 10-24 for your discussion by deciding how much discussion time each group of questions is for all the stories in the chapter. Small group study guide chapter 23 chapter 23, jesus' ministry begins timeless truth: jesus: personal devotion questions chapter 24 created date. 1st - freedom of press, religion, assembly, speech, and petition 2nd -right to bear arms 3rd - no quartering of soldiers 4th - search and seizure.
(24) discussion question how does circumcision relate to water baptism (colossians 2: chapter 24 genesis 24 to listen as you read click the version. Answers to review questions 1 proxima centauri is about 43 light-years (41 trillion kilometers) away 2 the most basic method of determining stellar distances is. This article contains questions coinciding with the novel the kite runner by khaled hosseini the questions can be used for classroom discussion, as a study guide. Study questions 1 what theological concerns prompted martin luther's challenge of the authority of the catholic church what specific reforms did he advocate 2. Bible study questions on by david e pratte chapter, and verse) for 24 name the eleven apostles as listed in acts 1:13. Study questions for a lesson before dying = answer key (selected chapters only) chapter one: 1 what is the name of the defendant jefferson.
Galatians 1:11-24 ~ paul called by god ~ discussion questions 1 paul tells the galatians that when god called him to preach among the gentiles.


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The interfacial reaction between calcium-bentonite zinc ion was studied by a radioisotopic tracer method. Both the quantity of zinc ions incorporated into the solid and the quantity of calcium ions leaving the solid were determined. A comparison of the two quantities and the Langmuir representation obtained suggest that other processes can occur besides ion exchange. These processes were separated; ion exchange and adsorption isotherms were constructed, and the isotherm parameters determined. The real ion exchange process was evaluated on the basis of the law of mass action as well. The equilibrium constant of the process and the surface activity coefficients of calcium and zinc ions were determined. The variation of the surface activity coefficient as a function of surface concentration is explained by supposing exchange sites of different binding energy.
ASJC Scopus subject areas


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Motility is a biological term which refers to the ability to move spontaneously and actively, consuming energy in the process. Most animals are motile but the term applies to single-celled and simple multicellular organisms, as well as to some mechanisms of fluid flow in multicellular organs, in addition to animal locomotion. Motile marine animals are commonly called free-swimming.
The opposite of motility is sessility.
Motility may also refer to an organism's ability to move food through its digestive tract, i.e., peristaltics (gut motility, intestinal motility, etc.).[1]
Movements can be:
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Centre des Realtions Franco-Britannique © Atelier Philéas 2017
The UK's historical ties with France are undeniably dream of and complex, with both wars being waged and alliances formed between the two boondocks from as early as the 14th century right up until today.
As the UK's impending split up from the European Union edges closer, and French president Emmanuel Macron take to bes poaching big banks from London's financial centre, it seems close to a fitting time to reflect on our often temperamental relationship with our strictest neighbour across the Channel.
The Centre for Franco-British Relations is a newly announced museum instrumenting the history of relations between the two countries, which will be located in Ouistreham on France's Normandy Sail.
Due to open in 2019, the museum will be a collaborative effort between London-based consultancy Casson Mann and Parisian architectural work Atelier Philéas.
The two companies have been chosen following a choosing process that saw more than 130 submissions and three finalists. Their charming concept envisions the centre as an "architectural periscope" looking at Franco-British relatives, says Casson Mann, with a permanent exhibition space that command tell the story of common themes, events, individuals and ideas that must shaped their relationship throughout history.
Located on Ouistreham's Sword Margin, the building will be on the site where a large number of sea battles entertained place between the two countries during the Hundred Years' War and where the D-Day piers occurred during World War Two, while thousands of UK holidaymakers still superseded through the port today.
"Bridge between France and the UK"
The museum order feature a permanent, immersive exhibition space, a landscaped roof district and a panoramic view of the channel that connects the two countries.
The permanent demo space will be divided up roughly chronologically and filled with seals from history that are involved in the narrative. One side will look for the channel while the other will have its back towards it, sacrifice the French and British version of events respectively.
"We also intend to be a itsy-bitsy bit mischievous with the tensions between them," says Casson Mann overseer Gary Shelley, "For example, by using humour to look at what each rural area historically thinks of the other."
Casson Mann co-founder and creative head Roger Mann, says: "As individuals and a studio, Europe, and France in picky detail, is part of our heritage and success and we celebrate the symbolic and practical importance of this new heart."
"A new bridge between France and the UK, we hope that the exhibition will inspire exploration and discovery of how history, culture and trade are all interlinked, leading to deeper agreement of how the cross-over between important figures, events, locations and ideas entertain and continue to shape our relationship," Mann adds.
The Centre for Franco-British Relationships will open to the public from November 2019.
Centre des Realtions Franco-Britannique © Atelier Philéas 2017Nucleus des Realtions Franco-Britannique © Casson Mann 2017Centre des Realtions Franco-Britannique © Casson Mann 2017


pathophysiological changes
Describe some of the more common pathophysiological changes and abnormal findings associated with musculoskeletal, metabolic, and multisystem health dysfunctions. Explain what symptoms are associated with the findings and how these affect patient function

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Pathophysiological Changes
Muscle-skeletal system is associated with different changes more so in old age. Among the abnormal findings related to muscle-skeletal health, dysfunction includes misalignment and irregular posture when the appendicular and axial skeleton is examined.
(370 words)
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Use the Modify Rule dialog box to modify existing rules in the Custom Updates Publishing Tool. The dialog box is opened from the Expression Builder in the Create Update Wizard or Modify Update Wizard by double-clicking the rule in the list.
This dialog box contains the following elements:
Create Basic rule
Specifies to use the basic rule category, which is used for prerequisite, applicability, or installed verification depending on the rule type. There are over 20 rule types available for basic rules. For more information, see Basic Rules.
Create MSI rule
Specifies to use the MSI (Windows Installer) rule category, which is used most often for prerequisite verification because Windows Installer-based updates auto-populate applicability and installed rules for verification. Windows Installer rules check for a specific software update, product, component, or feature. For more information, see MSI Rules.
Use existing rule
Specifies to use a previously created rule. The properties for the rule can be modified, if required.
Rule Type
Specifies the type of rule for the specified category. There are over 20 rule types for basic rules and several more for Windows Installer rules. For more information about each rule type, see Custom Updates Publishing Tool Rule Types.
Not rule
Specifies to create the rule with the NOT operator. When the Inventory Tool for Custom Updates evaluates a Not rule, the logical result is reversed. Therefore, a rule that would normally return TRUE now returns FALSE and vice versa. For more information, see Not Rules.
Properties
Specifies the properties for the selected rule type. The required field indicator displays for the properties that must be configured.
Save your rule as
Specifies to save the rule with the configured name. Saved rules can be used when creating new updates by selecting the Use existing rule option.
OK
Saves the changes and exits the dialog box.
Cancel
Exits the dialog box without saving any changes.
See Also


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|Height (meters)||Distance (km)||Height(feet)||Distance (miles)|
The first three items might be useful in limiting a search if you see your rocket come down. Of course these results assume a smooth Earth, i.e. no hills, valleys, or obstructions. The fourth altitude is around where jet airliners cruise. The sixth is around the highest Shuttle orbit. The last item is a limiting case showing that as you get very far away you apporach seeing half of the planet. The mean radius of the earth is around 6,365 km or 3,955 miles. At a height of one million kilometers, the distance to the horizon is approximately that height plus the Earth's radius.


genus Loligo
Also found in: Thesaurus.
ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:
Noun1.genus Loligo - squids
mollusk genus - a genus of mollusks
Decapoda, order Decapoda - squids and cuttlefishes
loligo - somewhat flattened cylindrical squid
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The number of chromatic components described for the genus Loligo is large and complex.
Finally, and perhaps most i mportant, squid of the genus Loligo (and other genera that contain "giant" axons) inhabit a wide variety of thermal environments.


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The Dutch Weed Burger
The transition from an animal protein based to a more vegetable protein based diet is crucial to ensure the availability of sufficient food in the future in a sustainable way. The Dutch Weed Burger addressed this challenge by developing a 100 percent plant-powered hamburger, inspired by the combination of seaweed and algae with plants as the new superfoods. Researchers from Wageningen University have estimated that large-scale cultivation of sea weed can help solve the global food supply problem in a sustainable way. Its cultivation requires neither fresh water nor agricultural land and can help reduce acidification of the oceans.


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Potassium channels support anion secretion in porcine vas deferens epithelial cells
Epithelial cells lining the vas deferens modify the luminal contents to which sperm are exposed in response to neuroendocrine, autocrine and lumicrine transmitters. The role and identity of vas deferens epithelial potassium channels that provide the correct luminal environment for sperm maturation and delivery have not yet been determined. Cultures of vas deferens epithelial cells isolated from adult pigs were employed to investigate contributions of
selected ion channels to net flux. A two-pore potassium channel, TASK-2, was identified on the apical membrane of cultured primary porcine vas deferens epithelial cells (1°PVD). Bupivacaine,
a known TASK-2 inhibitor, when added to the apical bathing solution, inhibited forskolinstimulated short circuit current, Isc, in a concentration dependent manner with a maximum inhibition of 72 ± 6% and an IC50 of 7.4 ± 2.2 µM. Apical exposure of 1°PVD cells to quinidine, lidocaine, and clofilium (other known TASK-2 blockers) inhibited forskolin-stimulated Isc in a
concentration dependent manner. Fitting a modified Michalis-Menten function to the data revealed IC50 values of 274 µM, 531 µM, and 925 µM, respectively. Riluzole, a two-pore potassium channel activator, stimulated bupivacaine-sensitive Isc, further confirming the contribution of TASK-2 to net ion flux. Western blotting demonstrated the presence of TASK-2
immunoreactivity in 1°PVD cell lysates, while immunocytochemistry demonstrated apical localization of the targeted epitope in virtually all cells lining native porcine vas deferens. These results suggest that TASK-2 likely plays a role in vas deferens epithelial ion transport that may
account for the reportedly high concentration of potassium in the male reproductive duct lumen.
TASK-2 likely contributes to male fertility as an integral member of the regulated transport processes that account for the luminal environment to which sperm are exposed.
School:Kansas State University
School Location:USA - Kansas
Source Type:Master's Thesis
Keywords:vas deferens epithelia task 2 kcnk5 porcine potassium channels male reproductive tract biology animal physiology 0433 veterinary science 0778 biophysics general 0786
Date of Publication:01/01/2009


text:
Are you having trouble turning on your back windshield wipers? Don't worry, you're not alone! Many people have this issue and it's actually quite simple to fix. In this tutorial, we'll walk you through the simple steps you need to take to turn on your back windshield wipers. By following these instructions, you'll be able to get your wipers working in no time!
Step 1: Identify the Wiper Control Switch
The first step in turning on your back windshield wipers is to identify the wiper control switch. This switch is usually located on the dashboard, near the driver's side door. It's usually a toggle switch or a knob that you can turn to turn on and off the wipers. Once you've identified the switch, you can move on to the next step.
Step 2: Turn the Wiper Control Switch On
Now that you've identified the wiper control switch, you can turn it on. Depending on the type of switch you have, you may have to turn it to the "on" position or press it down. Once the switch is on, the wipers should turn on automatically.
Step 3: Adjust the Speed of the Wipers
Now that the wipers are on, you may want to adjust the speed. To do this, simply turn the wiper control switch in either direction. The farther you turn the switch, the faster the wipers will go. Keep turning the switch until you find the speed that's right for you.
Step 4: Turn the Wiper Control Switch Off
When you're done using the wipers, you can turn the wiper control switch off. Depending on the type of switch you have, you may have to turn it to the "off" position or press it down. Once the switch is off, the wipers should turn off automatically.
If your wipers aren't working at all, make sure the wiper blades are in good condition and that they're properly connected to the wiper arm. If the blades are worn or damaged, replace them. If the blades are connected properly but still aren't working, check the wiper motor to make sure it's working properly.
Turning on the back windshield wipers is a simple process that anyone can do. All you need to do is identify the wiper control switch, turn it on, adjust the speed, and turn it off when you're done. With these easy steps, you can get your wipers working in no time!


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NFPA 99 - standard Isolated Power System testing
Isolated Power System is a company dedicated to providing annual inspection and recertification services for hospital isolated power systems, including line isolation monitors. The company ensures that healthcare facilities have the documentation required to maintain compliance with NFPA 99 and the Environment of Care standards for Joint Commission accreditation.
Hospital isolated power systems are designed to provide electrical safety to patients and healthcare personnel in a healthcare setting. These systems utilize an isolated power supply to reduce the risk of electrical shock to patients and healthcare personnel. Line isolation monitors are used to detect faults in the isolated power system and ensure that hazardous current does not reach the patient or healthcare personnel. The use of isolated power systems and line isolation monitors is essential in ensuring that patients and healthcare personnel are safe during medical procedures.
The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to promoting fire safety in the United States. NFPA 99 is the code for Health Care Facilities, and it outlines the requirements for electrical safety in healthcare facilities. Compliance with NFPA 99 is essential in ensuring that healthcare facilities meet the highest standards of electrical safety.
Isolated Power System performs thorough inspections of isolated power systems and line isolation monitors, including testing for the accuracy of hazard current measurements and ensuring that ground fault alarms trip at 5 milliamps, or within specifications. The company's inspection process is designed to ensure that healthcare facilities meet the standards outlined in NFPA 99 and the Environment of Care standards for Joint Commission accreditation.
Isolated power systems were initially used as an electrical safety measure during the years of flammable anesthetic agents. However, their use in the healthcare environment is making a big comeback due to the increased demand for electrical safety. Isolated Power System is well-equipped to provide healthcare facilities with the necessary services to ensure the safety of patients and healthcare personnel.
Isolated Power System is able to replace inoperative line isolation monitors and provide retrofitting when necessary. The company's team of highly trained biomedical equipment maintenance technicians and field service engineers can provide biomedical equipment maintenance services for all medical equipment devices used in a healthcare setting. This ensures that all medical equipment devices are functioning correctly, minimizing downtime, and reducing repair costs.
Isolated Power System is a company dedicated to providing high-quality annual inspection and recertification services for hospital isolated power systems, including line isolation monitors. The company ensures that healthcare facilities meet the highest standards of electrical safety, including compliance with NFPA 99 and the Environment of Care standards for Joint Commission accreditation. Isolated Power System's thorough inspection process ensures that all isolated power systems and line isolation monitors are functioning correctly, and the company's ability to replace inoperative line isolation monitors and provide biomedical equipment maintenance services makes it a valuable partner to healthcare facilities.
Call us at _PHONE_ for more information
"Every year, we trust Isolated Power System to perform the annual inspection and re-certification of our isolated power systems, including line isolation monitors. Their level of expertise and professionalism are unmatched."
- Michael Webb, Hospital Electrician
"Isolated Power System is always there when we have a question about isolated power systems and/or line isolation monitors. They provided us with new line isolation monitor installation services several years ago, and these systems are still serving us well."
- Debra Harrison M.D.
"I like the way Isolated Power system is always ready to come in and perform services after hours and/or on the weekends. Their technicians are the most knowledgeable in the area of hospital isolated power systems and line isolation monitors."
- James Perry R.N.


Lesson 5 – Weather Logger
Booting up the Raspberry Pi
 1. Let's get started and boot up the Raspberry Pi.
 2. Grab a good quality USB cable and a USB power adaptor (2.5A).
 3. Plug one end of the USB cable into the plug and the other microUSB end into the Raspberry Pi.
 4. This should now power up the Raspberry Pi.
 5. Once the Raspberry Pi has booted up, please ensure that it is able to connect it to the network so that you can access it over VNC.
 6. If you are using a local monitor connected to the Raspberry Pi, you are all sorted.
 7. Else get connected to the Raspberry Pi using VNC.
 1. Our next tutorial is called, "Weather Logger".
 2. As part of this tutorial we will log weather data i.e. temperature, humidity, pressure, etc. and then display all of the data as a graph.
 3. Click on the following link to access the tutorial – Weather Logger
 4. Clicking on the each of the links above opens them up in a new window
 1. This development track is based on the Rasbperry Pi and the add-on Sense HAT board.
 2. You will need access to both the Raspberry Pi 3 including the Sense HAT board to be able to work on these tutorials.
 3. If you haven't purchased one yet please head over to Raspberry Pi.org and purchase one now.
 4. Depending on where you live you might also be able to pick up the Raspberry Pi and Sense HAT at your local electronics hobby store.
 5. You can read more about the Raspberry Pi here – RaspberryPi.org.


AirplaneOn average, in-flight medical emergencies occur about 15 times per day. When asked by flight crews to help in a medical emergency, providers have fairly extensive legal protection, and in some cases have a legal obligation to help [1]. In the U.S., all 50 states have some form of a "good Samaritan" law, which provides legal protection to medical providers who perform their services in response to medical emergencies outside the hospital. While these laws typically apply broadly to most out of hospital emergencies, in 1998 Congress specifically passed the Aviation Medical Assistance Act (AMAA) which offers legal protection to providers, who give assistance in the case of an in-flight emergency [2].
1. You should help if asked.
From an ethical standpoint, providers have an obligation to provide assistance when possible. In terms of in-flight emergencies, two conditions need to be met in order for the provider to be considered a volunteer under the AMAA.
 - The flight crew must ask for assistance. Responding to an overhead page of "Is there a doctor on board" meets this qualification. Providers who respond to an emergency without being asked to do so by the airline are covered under the AMAA, but are not typically protected by the airline.
 - The flight crew must make an effort to determine if the provider is a "medically qualified individual." The AMAA defines "medically qualified individuals" as anyone who is licensed or otherwise qualified to provide assistance including physicians, nurses, physician's assistants, and paramedics. The flight crew is asked to make a good-faith effort to verify credentials, which can include asking for proof of licensure. Airline policy will dictate what type of proof is required. Providing this documentation does not mean that you are acting in a formal medical capacity and does not compromise legal protections that are provided for volunteer responders [3].
2. You may be required to help.
The AMAA covers airlines that are registered in the U.S. Airlines registered in other countries may have broader coverage for providers. For example, airlines registered in the European Union and Australia go beyond providing protection and include a legal obligation for physicians to respond to in-flight emergencies. Generally the laws from an airline's home country apply while in flight.
3. You are protected if you help.
Typical medical malpractice cases refer to the concept of simple negligence, which means that a provider's actions departed from good and accepted medical practice. This is typically known as a deviation from a particular standard of care. The AMAA offers broad legal coverage to providers that respond to in-flight emergencies and protects them from instances of simple negligence. When responding to in-flight emergencies, providers are not held to any particular standards and are simply expected to avoid gross negligence and willful misconduct which refers to a "conscious voluntary act or omission in reckless disregard of a legal duty and of the consequences to another party." [4]
For example, if you are asked to perform a vaginal birth delivery on a flight to Hawaii, you are expected to make your best attempt to treat the patient, but you are not held to the same standard that you would be if the same situation occurred in your Emergency Department.
4. You can be thanked for your services.
In general, providers should not ask for financial compensation or submit a bill for their services; however, accepting a gift such as an upgraded seat in business class or even a voucher for a free flight should not compromise their legal protection.
5. You don't determine the ultimate disposition.
Most airlines partner with a health care agency that provides on-line medical assistance. When responding to an in-flight emergency, providers should work in conjunction with the airlines medical team. Decisions such as the need to divert the plane are complex as they involve logistics, which includes weather, fuel supply, and availability of a suitable landing area. A recent study of about 15,000 in-flight emergencies found that the aircraft was diverted in only 7% of the cases. In the event of a critically ill patient, providers should provide their best medical opinion in terms of need for immediate care, but ultimately the decision to divert the plane lies with the pilot and the airline [5].
Bottom Line
As the rate of air travel increases, emergency medical providers are increasingly likely to encounter an in-flight emergency. Providers have extensive legal protection when helping with these cases and should not hesitate to offer assistance when they are able.
 1. Stewart PH, Agin WS, Douglas SP. What does the law say to Good Samaritans?: A review of Good Samaritan statutes in 50 states and on US airlines. Chest. 2013;143 (6): 1774-83. PMID 23732588
 2. Aviation Medical Assistance Act of 1998, Pub. L. 105-170, Apr.24, 1998, 112 stat. 47, Sec. 5. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Administration, 1998.
 3. Dachs RJ, Elias JM. What you need to know when called upon to be a Good Samaritan. Fam Pract Manag. 2008;15 (4): 37-40. PMID _PHONE_
 4. Gardner BA. Black's Law Dictionary. 9th Ed. Wellington, NZ: Thompson Reuters; 2009:1084, _PHONE_.
 5. Peterson DC, Martin-gill C, Guyette FX et-al. Outcomes of medical emergencies on commercial airline flights. N. Engl. J. Med. 2013;368 (22): 2075-83. PMID 23718164
This post belong's to Dr. Matthew DeLaney's series on Everyday Risk in Emergency Medicine (EREM).
Matthew DeLaney, MD
Matthew DeLaney, MD
Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine
Assistant Medical Director
University of Alabama at Birmingham


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Written in expressive verse, We Pray invites children and their parents to explore some of the unique aspects of Orthodox Christian prayer life. Through reflections on topics like icons, the Jesus Prayer, and the liturgy, children are invited to see the beauty in our way of praying and understand better the purpose of Orthodox prayer.
Therese Johnson Borchard Whitney, who has just moved to Chicago, is apprehensive about her first day in fifth grade in a new school. When she opens her Emerald Bible to the story of Jonah and the Whale, she is transported there, with Jonah, as she learns a lesson about runn…
In this volume of this biblical time-travel series, soccer star Whitney becomes an elitist on the field and is whisked back to the Tower of Babel to see the results of pride. Ages 8-12. THERESE BORCHARD (More from this Author)
Whitney, along with her friends, makes fun of a computer nerd who is always well prepared for class. Later, in reading her Emerald Bible, she is transported to the story of Noah and the Ark, where she stows away. She learns that everyone made fun of Noah, too, but that he was the only one [...]
Whitney and some friends pull a prank on the "teacher's pet" because they are jealous of her. Through her Emerald Bible Whitney is transported to the story of Joseph and his brothers, where she learns that nothing good comes from jealousy, and that different people have different talents and gifts. Ages 8-12.


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Not one, not two, but three female addax calves have been born at Brookfield Zoo within the last two months, and one more is expected by the end of the summer. The most recent was born this past Saturday, July 9. The other two were born on May 30 and June 1. All are doing well and can be seen with their mothers—Martha, Sara, and Mali—on exhibit in their outdoor habitat on the north side of the zoo.
The three births are a welcomed addition to the North American zoo population because the species is critically endangered in its native Africa. Brookfield Zoo has exhibited addax since 1935 and in 1941 was the first zoo in North America to have an addax birth. Since the arrival of the first breeding pair, there have been 140 addax births at Brookfield Zoo.
"We are thrilled about the addax births at Brookfield Zoo and being able to share the significance and importance of these new additions with our guests," said Amy Roberts, curator of mammals for the Chicago Zoological Society. "What is really exciting is that there is the possibility that one of the calves or their descendants may one day be introduced to the wild as part of a collaborative program."
The pairing of the three new moms with Winston, who is the sire of all three calves, was based on a recommendation by the Association of Zoo and Aquariums' Addax Species Survival Plan (SSP). The Chicago Zoological Society, which manages the zoo, has been an active participant in the Addax SSP since its inception in 1989. An SSP is a cooperative population management and conservation program for the species in North American zoos. The program manages the breeding of addax in zoos to maintain a healthy, self-sustaining population that is both genetically diverse and demographically stable. Currently, there are 159 addax in 18 accredited North American zoos.
Once widespread across North Africa, the addax has been largely driven to extinction in the wild by over-hunting since the mid-1800s as well as civil unrest. Additionally, although highly adapted to
hyper-arid conditions, addax are nonetheless impacted by long periods of severe drought. The current addax population is restricted to a narrow band of desert between eastern Niger and western Chad. Researchers estimate there to be less than 300 individuals remaining in the wild, with the last major population of around 200 in the Tin Toumma desert of eastern Niger.
However, there is hope for the species thanks to an international collaborative effort involving zoos in North America and Europe, the Tunisian government, and the Convention on Migratory Species. Brookfield Zoo is one of more than 40 zoos worldwide that has provided support for the reintroduction of zoo-born addax into fenced reserves in Tunisia.
Current efforts are focusing on securing the remaining wild populations in Niger and Chad, increasing scientific management of captive populations in Africa and elsewhere, and reintroducing individual animals to suitable, secure, and protected areas in former range states.
Addax have some of the most impressive horns of all antelope, which is one of the main reasons they have been over-hunted. In older individuals, they can spiral almost three turns and extend nearly three feet. They are one of a group of species called "horse-like antelope," which are unusual in that the females have horns as long as those of the males.
The species lives in one of the most inhospitable habitats in the world, and they are the most desert-adapted antelope. Their feet are extra-large and spread out, perfect for staying on top of loose sand. Their legs are shorter than most antelope, giving them a low center of gravity and keeping them steady—even when the sand shifts under foot. They get nearly all the moisture they need from the sap of vegetation and from dew, going almost their entire lives without drinking water at all. When vegetation is not available, they can live off the water stored in their body fat. They are nomadic, with no fixed territory, following the rains that produce the plants on which they depend.
They have a relatively heavy body with a sandy-white coat in the summer that turns grayish-brown in the winter. White markings can be found on their legs and belly, with a black tuft of hair on their forehead, under the horns.


PHP 7.1.18 Released
SplPriorityQueue::compare
(PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, PHP 7)
SplPriorityQueue::compareCompare priorities in order to place elements correctly in the heap while sifting up
说明
public int SplPriorityQueue::compare ( mixed $priority1 , mixed $priority2 )
Compare priority1 with priority2.
参数
priority1
The priority of the first node being compared.
priority2
The priority of the second node being compared.
返回值
Result of the comparison, positive integer if priority1 is greater than priority2, 0 if they are equal, negative integer otherwise.
Note:
Multiple elements with the same priority will get dequeued in no particular order.
add a note add a note
User Contributed Notes 1 note
up
12
Anonymous
8 years ago
At this time, the documentation sais "Note: Multiple elements with the same priority will get dequeued in no particular order."
If you need elements of equal priority to maintain insertion order, you can use something like:
<?php
class StablePriorityQueue extends SplPriorityQueue {
 protected
$serial = PHP_INT_MAX;
 public function
insert($value, $priority) {

parent::insert($value, array($priority, $this->serial--));
 }
}
?>
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text:
New Study Evaluates Drug-Related Harm Among Hospitalized Children Category: Child Health News
A study published in the April 2008 issue of Pediatrics found that a new "trigger tool" dramatically increased the detection of adverse drug events in hospital settings. With this tool, the authors found 11.1 adverse drug events per 100 admissions, a much higher rate than previous studies found.
Twelve children's hospitals, convened through the Child Health Corporation of America (CHCA), worked to adapt the Institute for Healthcare Improvement's Adverse Drug Event (ADE) Trigger Tool for adults to more appropriately and accurately detect adverse drug events in pediatric hospital settings. The new Pediatric Adverse Drug Events (ADE) Trigger Tool can be found on CHCA's site.
Experts from the National Initiative for Children's Healthcare Quality (NICHQ) provided both improvement and safety expertise in support of a CHCA collaborative improvement program to reduce the frequency of these events in pediatric hospitals.
Eliminating harm from pediatric care is one part of the bold agenda that NICHQ is leading to improve children's healthcare. Dr. Homer commented on the release of the study:
NBC - Medicine mix-ups put kids at risk (Article and Video)
Please note: Although stated incorrectly by some media reports, neither NICHQ nor Dr. Homer created the pediatric tool nor conducted the study. We applaud the efforts of the investigators and the leadership of CHCA in creating this pediatric tool. NICHQ endorses the widespread use of this tool to detect these events as part of a comprehensive pediatric safety program.


Brendan Enrick
Daily Software Development
Try Writing Try Methods
When I say "Try Methods", I am of course referring to the common prefix "Try" on a method, which implies that the method is going to attempt to do what you're asking by using an output parameter for the operation and using the return value to indicate whether the attempt succeeded.
The common ones that people see in the.NET Framework are the TryParse methods, which attempt to parse something and if it can't be parse, they assign the default value to the output parameter and return false. If the succeed, the parsed value will be placed in the output parameter and the return value will be true. If the code failed, the convention is to use the type's default value to assign to the output parameter. This lets you write code like this:
int someNumber;
int.TryParse(userInput, out someNumber);
// use the number entered or the default 0
int result = 1 + someNumber;
This is also great when you're going to be checking whether the method succeeded. In fact, you can use the try method directly in the if block, which usually makes things nice and clean. Here is an example of using them like that:
int someNumber;
if (int.TryParse(userInput, out someNumber))
 // Do something with someNumber
 // Invalid input: handle this case accordingly
Yes, you know all of this and have seen it before, however, are you writing these types of methods yourself or is your only experience with them the standard TryParse ones?
What I am trying to emphasize here is that you need to write your own Try methods in your code. You will thank yourself later.
Everyone can see the obvious benefit of not having to check for the default value to see if it the method worked. You also don't have to have ugly Try-Catch logic in your code. You get an if statement instead.
The real benefit of a writing a Try method has nothing to do with what I've already said. The most important benefit, in my opinion, is that you have a return value from it that isn't the value you are using for your logic. By having this return value for its success, you have to decide on how to handle the case where it failed.
There are important cases that might be forgotten, but having a return value means that I need to handle the return value. When I have it, I need to decide what to do with it. There may be a message I need to display to a user. There may be logging I need to do. I might be able to ignore that case. What is important, however, is that I thought about how to handle it. I had the chance to make sure that I handled the case correctly.
Create your own "Try" methods. I recommend looking into creating your own "TryParse", "TryGet", TryDelete", and anything else that has a chance of failure that you may want to handle.
Parameter Order Should Be Consistent
I was looking at a piece of code recently and noticed that someone was checking for a null parameter and throwing an ArgumentException, so I figured since ArgumentNullException inherits from ArgumentException I would just replace it with the more specific exception. Little did I know that Microsoft has a wee little bit of a problem with consistency on these.
With ArgumentExceptions it is important to have a message as well as specify which parameter is causing the trouble, so there are 2 string parameters in the ArgumentException constructor. What you might not know if you haven't switched one to the other is that they changed the order of those parameters. What I mean is that you call them like this.
throw new ArgumentException("The Message", "paramName");
throw new ArgumentNullException("paramName", "The Message");
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("paramName", "The Message");
How can they possibly switch those?!?! If I am not mistaken the lower two exceptions actually inherit from the first one, so it is quite surprising that the ordering was not maintained in the second two. I need to keep an eye out for other such inconsistencies while I am working. They obviously can't easily fix it now, because too much code depends on the current ordering. I try to maintain consistence parameter ordering, but I am also not working on a framework.
.NET 3.5 is Open Source
Some very surprising news has come from Scott Guthrie in a recent blog post he has made. Visual Studio 2008 and.NET 3.5 will be shipping with the source for the base class libraries. As with a lot of the recent technology coming from Microsoft, the source code is open and not hidden away.
In the past, tools like Reflector have allowed developers to see what is going on within those libraries. These tools will no longer be as necessary. This source code is being released under the Microsoft Reference License (MS-RL). It seems Microsoft has started a new trend for itself in releasing its source code.
Debugging will now become much much easier with this code being open source. In the past developers have not been able to step into any of the base class libraries. Now that the source is open for everyone to see, people are able to go in and step through this code. This should make debugging much easier and better.
I think this is great that Microsoft is releasing more source code to the general public.
Happy coding.


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For an institution to thrive and build a name for itself, it needs to be more than just a centre for knowledge transmission. How an institute transfers knowledge to its students is what defines the pedigree of an institute. While some may encourage rote learning, others might emphasise on the process of knowledge acquisition and adopt a more hands-on, reflective and experiential learning process. It is these institutes that make a name for themselves among the student community and are sought after by students. Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies is one such institute.
Benefits of Experiential Learning
Experiential learning is a more hands-on process of learning that emphasises on practical application of concepts, theories and problem solving techniques rather than learning by rote. It is clearly a superior method, for it involves a conscious reflection on the part of students. For management students, this method is indispensable as it prepares them for the competitive world after they graduate.
Experiential Learning at Manav Rachna
Manav Rachna offers a curriculum designed to foster experiential learning in students. The emphasis is on creating and honing analytical skills and focusing upon the practical and applied aspects of theoretical knowledge. Students learn through experiential methods like live field projects, workshops, action research, simulations, prototyping, role-playing scenarios, socio-drama/psychodrama, dance, meditation, case studies, seminars, industry interface, guest lectures and mentoring. All these activities accelerate learning and develop critical thinking and effective decision-making in students. The two years that they spend in campus becomes a meaningful process to transform them into effective professionals rather than being a means to get marks and a degree on the resume.
Unique pedagogy at Manav Rachna
The pedagogy followed at Manav Rachna focuses on skill development through a four tier mentoring program (peers/industry/faculty/alumni), academic affiliations, international student exchange programs, corporate social responsibility, extensive life skills classes and so on. This, along with being one of the first institutes in Delhi NCR to establish a Human Lab, highlights the institute's thrust towards experiential learning and giving students a meaningful experience.
A major part of students' training in the institute comprises interacting with society to understand and solve problems. To pursue entrepreneurship that is meaningful and beneficial to the society, the institute engages students in initiatives such as Ek Muthi Daan, adoption of Mohna village, incorporation of a skill and health development centre at Mohna village. Students of management also undergo a month long orientation program 'Udaan' to welcome them into the new phase through skill training and development workshops.
Manav Rachna promises students a rewarding experience throughout their course. Students enter as unpolished gems and are transformed into confident professionals, ready to enter the industry with gusto.
For students who are aspiring to join MRIIRS, Apply Here
Stay informed, Stay ahead and stay inspired with MBA Rendezvous


How to Measure Consumer Perception?
You can measure consumer perception by doing a study. You can use surveys to gather information about what the consumer perceived. You could also conduct interviews and write down your findings.
Q&A Related to "How to Measure Consumer Perception?"
1. Perform market research on your company's products. When measuring customer perceptions, the first step a company should take is to identify what customers are actually buying
what is the meaning of consumer perception.
Consumer behavior is one of the topics that marketers uses to better understand the
MUNEESA, HERE IS SOME USEFUL MATERIAL. REGARDS LEO LINGHAM ======================================== 4) Devise an attitude questionnaire to find out the consumer attitude towards
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My initial perception of family and consumer science is that it has such a broad range of topics that it gives little depth of knowledge to students in a typical...
By tapping into consumer perceptions, a product can be marketed in such a way as to create a fantasy scenario. The individual often sees themselves, and the world...


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While the history of Caesar is well documented, on this site and other sources, his contribution as an author is of immense historical value. Caesar meticulously tracked his own campaigns in Gaul and in the Civil War, not only for the historical record, but as propaganda against his political enemies. With his deeds in writing, and available for the populace, the Senate found it impossible to attack Caesar's popularity with the common people.
Aside from an account of his campaign, "The Conquest of Gaul" is one of the few primary source pieces of literature regarding the tribes and customs of Gallic Celts. The Civil War provides additional in-depth, though biased, analysis of this turbulent time in Roman history.
Bellum Gallicum (Gallic Wars, or Conquest of Gaul)
Bellum Civile (The Civil War)


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CAMBODIAN PALM-LEAF MANUSCRIPTS: Procedures for Conservation
The manuscripts have been largely stabilized by casing and boxing, with an insect repellant inserted in the box. The manuscripts that have been microfilmed are relatively dust-free. Most of the manuscripts appear to be written by incision, and have a strong image. Some are insect-damaged and broken, particularly at the ends.
The following procedures are designed to clean soiled surfaces, strengthen the image, support damaged areas, impart flexibility, and reduce further insect damage.
1. Fumigation. It is important that, as each group of manuscripts is set aside for conservation treatment, they be removed from their boxes and placed in an airtight container for fumigation. To ensure that each cased manuscript is returned to the correct box, the cases and first leaves of each manuscript should be marked in soft pencil with the box number.
The container (a plastic garbage container with lid, for example) should have an appropriate quantity of para-dichlorobenzene covering the base. The manuscripts in their cases may then be stood on end, supported above the level of the para-dichlorobenzene by bricks or stones, but not jammed in too tightly. The lid should be sealed, and the manuscripts left for no less than one week.
By employing more than one "fumigator," it should be possible to arrive at a workable schedule, coordinating fumigation exposure to conservation treatment time.
2. Cleaning. The manuscripts should be removed from the fumigator and the protective cases one at a time. The leaves should be numbered discreetly in the lower right corner with a soft pencil, and the covers and strings carefully removed.
All the leaves should be lightly dusted with a soft dry brush to remove dust and insect parts. If manuscript fragments are loose, they should be set aside in a polyester envelope bearing the leaf number for future attachment.
After the bench surface has been cleaned, a sheet of polyester film is laid onto it, and a stable container of warm (preferably distilled) water and a lint-free cloth (preferably cheese cloth) prepared. The manuscript should be checked to ensure that the writing is incised and not surface-written (a magnifying glass and a raking light are helpful).
The cloth is dampened, and a small area tested to ascertain the stability of the image. If stable, the leaf is carefully cleaned on both sides, and placed between sheets of blotting paper to dry. The polyester film is wiped, and the next leaf cleaned, until all have been treated.
3. Repair and Support. If the manuscript is damaged (by insects or splits, etc.) it must be repaired at this point. A stable adhesive that does not readily mold is a mixture of methylcellulose and Elvace 1864 polyvinylacetate. This is made as follows:
Place one cup (8 ounces, 1/2 pint, 225 ml.) of water (preferably distilled) in a sealable container.
Sprinkle into the water 1 1/2 teaspoons (7.5 ml.) of methylcellulose and stir until completely blended. After approximately one hour, the solution will attain a jelly-like consistency.
Place 1/2 cup (4 ounces, 100 ml.) of water in a container, such as a paper cup or glass.
Mix into it one teaspoon of full strength PVA, and stir vigorously until completely diluted.
Gradually add diluted PVA to the methylcellulose, stirring until fully integrated. It is best to use only about two thirds of the dilute PVA initially, adding the rest if necessary after which it will be the consistency of thick cream.
Allow the mix to stand for one half hour before use. When not in use, keep the lid sealed and, if possible, refrigerate. A small amount of para-dichlorobenzene or thymol may be wrapped in a square of cheesecloth and taped to the inside of the lid to reduce surface molding.
A piece of Tengujo tissue is torn or water-cut to cover the damaged area, and laid onto a small square of polyester film. The tissue is carefully pasted, the tissue laid into place on the palm leaf, and gently rubbed down through the film with a bone folder. The film is removed, and the repair allowed to dry.
If a significant portion of the palm leaf is missing, a piece of Kitakata paper is carefully torn or water-cut to match the missing area, and tipped into place. It is then supported on both sides by the tissue in the manner noted above. Loose fragments are similarly secured in place in this fashion.
An effective variation of this repair technique is the use of tissue coated with a dry fish gelatin solution. With this technique, the tissue is laid dry over the dampened surface of the damaged palm leaf, and pressed into place with a damp cloth until firmly set. The advantage of this method is that repairs dry quickly, adhesive does not have to be prepared, and adhesion is very strong.
4. Oiling. The oiling of the palm leaf imparts a smooth surface and slight increase in flexibility. If the oil is insect-repellant, the leaf has added protection.
The leaf is laid onto polyester film or glass, and a thin coat of cedarwood oil applied to the entire surface on both sides of the leaf. It will be noted that tissue repairs are not released by the oil, but they blend further into the leaf surface.
Each leaf should be air-dried in a constant air current to avoid molding. A useful method is to secure the leaves to a line by a peg or spring clip.
When dry, the surface should be lightly polished with a soft dry cloth, the manuscript restrung, recased, and reboxed. It is important that the case and box be clean and the insect repellant in place before reshelving.
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/K for dry air and 840 J/kg/K for CO2. 840 is smaller than 1000. But it really does not matter since the 16% difference in Cp times the 400 ppmv CO2 in air means that CO2 changes Cp by 0.0064% and changes the dry adiabatic lapse rate by 0.0006 K/km. Insignificant.
 "The wet adiabatic lapse rate is 1/2 the dry"
 Wrong. The wet adiabatic lapse rate depends on temperature. A reasonable average is about 2/3 the dry.
 "proving water vapor is a negative feedback"
 Right! Sort of. Even a watch with a dead battery is right twice a day. There are two water vapor feedbacks. One is due to IR absorption and is positive; the other is due to lapse rate changes and is negative. Combined they are positive. You can find the numbers in IPCC AR5. Or, for the combined effect, in the article above.
 - Wrong wrong wrong:
 "The models falsely assume radiative forcing controls the lapse rate."
 That is false. S. Manabe and R.F. Strickler, J. Atmos. Sci., vol. 21, 361-385, (1964).
 Wrong. Manabe falsely assumed a fixed lapse rate of -6.5K/km based on an average of observations. This results in exaggerated warming in models. This false assumption and at least 10 other false assumptions in that paper are totally debunked in my post on Kimoto's papers.
 "The lapse rate equation
 dT/dh = -g/Cp"
 "No, that is the dry adiabatic lapse rate equation."
 Of course that is indeed the dry adiabatic lapse rate equation, which can be expanded to derive the wet adiabatic lapse rate equation!
 "is dependent upon gravity (g) and heat capacity at constant pressure Cp"
 "Wrong. Cp in that equation is specific heat, not heat capacity. Check your units."
 TOTALLY wrong:
 _URL_
 "GHGs cause increased Cp"
 Cp is 1000 J /kg/K for dry air and 840 J/kg/K for CO2. 840 is smaller than 1000. But it really does not matter since the 16% difference in Cp times the 400 ppmv CO2 in air means that CO2 changes Cp by 0.0064% and changes the dry adiabatic lapse rate by 0.0006 K/km. Insignificant.
 Sure it is indeed negligible. The important thing is that it shows the SIGN of the effect is increased CO2 is -, not +.
 "The wet adiabatic lapse rate is 1/2 the dry"
 "Wrong. The wet adiabatic lapse rate depends on temperature. A reasonable average is about 2/3 the dry."
 Wrong again. The average moist adiabatic LR is ~5K/km, the dry is 9.8K/km, almost exactly double as I said.
 "proving water vapor is a negative feedback"
 Right! Sort of. Even a watch with a dead battery is right twice a day. There are two water vapor feedbacks. One is due to IR absorption and is positive; the other is due to lapse rate changes and is negative. Combined they are positive. You can find the numbers in IPCC AR5. Or, for the combined effect, in the article above.
 Agreed the lapse rate is a negative feedback. The alleged positive feedback from WV back radiation is a myth, has a "BB" peak emitting temperature of ~217K, which is colder than any part of the atmosphere. I've already explained a million times why radiation from a colder BB cannot be thermalized by a warmer BB.
 - "You can find the numbers in IPCC AR5."
 Oh my sweet lord. The IPCC in an appeal to authority. Wow in high heels.
 ( I can not spell stilts or I would have used that rather than high heels.)
 - Mike M – Yes, Water cycle and water vapour feedback are different things. Without a water cycle, an ocean temperature increase would result in an extra bit of evaporation and hence more water vapour in the atmosphere as per C-C. This would happen just once. But with a water cycle, there's a continuous process of evaporation condensation and precipitation, so more evaporation at the ocean surface is continually needed to maintain the balance. It's this water cycle that cools. It does it in much the same way that a refrigerator works : evaporation takes energy from the surface and condensation then releases it into the atmosphere from whence it dissipates, some of it going out into space. That's why the water cycle is important, and why the models overestimate water vapour feedback if they underestimate the water cycle. NB. This is quite independent of the other issues re clouds.
 - Sorry, first sentence I should have said something like "Water cycle feedback and water vapour feedback are different components of the total water vapour feedback". And, second-last sentence, "why the models overestimate total water vapour feedback if they underestimate the water cycle". Too many concepts, too few terms.
 - Mike M writes "If I tell you that every month I spend all of my take home pay, but no more, and that the average balance in my checking account is $10,000. What is my take home pay? You can't tell."
 This is the wrong analogy because when water vapour condenses up in the atmosphere, it releases the latent heat it took up there. And from there the energy radiates both up and down but the point is that its closer to getting away from the earth…so an increased water cycle should have a cooling effect at the surface.
 16. Is it possible that doubling of co2 will not effect global temerature at all? Have the observed feedbacks for the lasr 30 years or so given any indication that the added co2 is driving temperature at all? Even if the global temps rise 2 f what will be the hard evidence that this is caused by co2 emissions? The temp hasn't risen as much as they expected and has been flat for many years. So if the temps trend down enough in coming years and they can't even fudge that trend, what then? It must be stressful being a pro agw climate scientist.
 - To answer these questions, Charlie, one would need to know what would have happened if everything else were the same, but CO2 had not changed at all.
 Since we will never know this, it is clear, at this point and to me, that no one can say what if any effect increasing CO2 would or could have had over the past 65 years.
 Looking at the past history of the planet and, specifically, at long term reconstructions of the temp and CO2 history of the atmosphere, one must conclude that CO2 and temp are independent variables. Over shorter time spans, including that represented in the ice core data, they are correlated, but this may be a result of how much CO2 is held in the oceans as the water temps varies, since temps reverse direction regardless of what CO2 is doing.
 - The best 'control experiment' for this is that the temperatures rose similarly from _PHONE_. If the control experiment shows the same effect as the live experiment, then chances are the postulate is wrong.
 Although in any case we are trying to measure a quantity, 1.2C, which is way below the noise floor of the system, of 10-30C daily variation and even larger seasonal variations. It is just as likely that CO2 does have a small effect, but that is swamped by other factors.
 - "I think this is a much better solution to the 'problem'"
 Yeah, just ditch the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
 - Stephen Wilde,
 "At that point kinetic energy (KE or heat) matches potential energy (PE which is not heat) in any molecules present."
 Perhaps I misunderstood, but this sounds like the claim that at thermodynamic equilibrium the temperature varies with height. That violates the Second Law. The adiabatic lapse rate applies under conditions where the disequilibrium is sufficient to produce strong convective mixing.
 Note that I am distinguishing between thermodynamic equilibrium and steady state.
 - Mike,
 An atmosphere held within a gravity field around a sphere which must have uneven surface heating cannot become isothermal even without any radiative capability at all
 There will always be convective overturning and a decline in temperature with height due to the pressure and density gradient with height.
 There is no breach of any of the Laws of Thermodynamics.
 - If the planet is unevenly heated, the atmosphere will indeed not be isothermal. But there will likely be temperature inversions. There will almost certainly not be uniform adherence to the adiabatic lapse rate.
 An atmosphere at thermodynamic equilibrium will be isothermal.
 17. "So – if CO2 raises the temperature by 1.2 degrees, then water vapour and related changes will raise the temperature a further 0.7 degrees (1.9 – 1.2), and clouds will change in a way that raises temperature another 1.3 degrees (3.2 – 1.9)."
 There is a fundamental problem here, in that ANY temperature rise of 1.2C, regardless of cause, will give rise to water vapour and


zbMATH — the first resource for mathematics
Contact-line dynamics of a diffuse fluid interface. (English) Zbl 0984.76084
From the summary: An investigation is made into the moving contact line dynamics of a Cahn-Hilliard-van der Waals (CHW) diffuse mean-field interface. The interface separates two incompressible viscous fluids and can evolve either through convection or through diffusion driven by chemical potential gradients. The purpose of this paper is to show how the CHW moving contact line compares to the classical sharp interface contact line. It therefore discusses the asymptotics of the CHW contact line velocity and chemical potential fields as the interface thickness \(\varepsilon\) and the mobility \(\kappa\) both go to zero. The CHW and classical velocity fields have the same outer behaviour but can have very different inner behaviours and physics. In the CHW model, wall-liquid bonds are broken by chemical potential gradients instead of by shear, and change of material at the wall is accomplished by diffusion rather than by convection. The result is, mathematically at least, that the CHW moving contact line can exist even with no-slip conditions for the velocity.
76R50 Diffusion
76D99 Incompressible viscous fluids
76M45 Asymptotic methods, singular perturbations applied to problems in fluid mechanics
82B24 Interface problems; diffusion-limited aggregation arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics
Full Text: DOI


text:
I was brushing up on some basic vocabulary. Asked what the Japanese equivalent of "the means (of doing something)", I would use 方法. However, they've used 手段. As far as I can tell, these are (fairly) synonymous. Is there a difference? Are there places/phrases where you would use one but not the other?
I have always got by taking 方法 as method or "way of doing" and 手段 as "a means": As Tokyo Nagoya says, there is some overlap but if you know when to use method and means in English then try to do the same in Japanese.
(Hint: I think 方法 is the easiest to adopt. You could leave 手段 until after you have heard it used more.)


text:
Due to inclement weather conditions, Charles County Public Schools (CCPS) will operate on a Virtual Instruction, Code V tomorrow, Friday, Feb. 19, 2021. The following applies to students during a Virtual Instruction, Code V.
- Virtual instruction starts on time for all students.
- Learning support centers and internet cafes at schools are closed. This includes those students who are bused to internet cafes for technology access.
- All CCPS meal service is canceled. This includes both curbside meal distribution sites and the mobile meals program.
- Some students may be assigned asynchronous lessons from teachers.
- Students who do not have access to virtual instruction on a Code V day: parents must submit an absence note to the school for an excused absence. Students will have 72 hours to access recorded instruction and allowed to make up assignments.


text:
Potash - a crucial nutrient for flowering and fruiting
Nitrogen, Calcium, Magnesium - to stimulate natural development and growth
And also included are micronutrients (nutrients plants need less of) and trace elements (elements that the plants need in tiny quantities).
All the nutrients, micronutrients and trace elements are in a balanced ratio so that every nutrient is provided to the plant in the right balance relative to the others.
250ml bottle powder nutrient refills - for your Hydropod 20 & 40 cuttings. Makes 250ml of of nutrient A and 250ml of nutrient B.
2.5 litres of Powdered Nutrient - for your Hydropod 120 cuttings. Makes 5 litres of concentrated nutrients (2.5 litres of nutrient A and 2.5 litres nutrient B).


Observer dependence of entanglement in nonrelativistic quantum mechanics<bold> </bold>
Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
Data
2019-12-23
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Coorientador
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Título da Revista
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Título de Volume
Editor
Amer Physical Soc
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Artigo
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Resumo
It was recently shown that, in general, the von Neumann spin entropy of fermionic particles is not invariant under Lorentz boosts. We show that an analogous result can be recovered (at the lowest order of v(2)/c(2)) using plain nonrelativistic quantum mechanics provided one uses that energy weighs: E = mc(2). This should (i) help to moderate the skepticism on the observer dependence of the spin entropy of fermionic particles, (ii) emphasize the soft relativistic nature of this result, and (iii) show that this is a particular case of a more general class of systems, since our calculation only assumes a nonrelativistic particle endowed with an internal degree of freedom.<bold> </bold>
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Physical Review A. College Pk: Amer Physical Soc, v. 100, n. 6, 5 p., 2019.
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text:
One of the most tradition-based organizations in the country, the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), is getting into the innovation act. Today it announced, in partnership with product developer Edison Nation®, the BSA Innovation Challenge. This represents yet another opportunity for our children to put their imagination and creativity to work—and be rewarded for the fruits of their labor.
The goal of the Innovation Challenge is "to inspire young minds to submit creative, new product ideas," the press release notes. These products may serve any goal, from household repair to animal care to learning in, or out of, school. Young people between the ages of 7 and 21 are eligible to participate.
"By partnering with the Boy Scouts of America for this Innovation Challenge, we are able to tap the talent and imagination of tomorrow's leaders," says Edison Nation® CEO Louis Foreman.
The list of prizes should certainly spur American kids to get involved. Edison Nation® has pledged up to $1 million to turn the selected submissions into real products. The young innovators will be entitled to lifetime royalties, and the designation of "inventor" on any patents—not to mention that they'll get to appear on the TV series Everyday Edisons.
Click here to learn more about the Innovation Challenge. The deadline for entries is May 7, and there's a $25 fee to send in a concept ($10 for Boy Scouts).
The competition's broad submission guidelines will likely lead to all kinds of imaginative, unexpected ideas—which is just what such an initiative should do.
*There is a Creative Commons license attached to this image.
Filed under: Link Tagged: | imagination, innovation, creativity, invention, Boy Scouts of America, Edison Nation, Boy Scouts of America Innovation Challenge, Louis Foreman, Everyday Edisons, young inventors, young innovators


Java11 introduced isEmpty method java.util.Optional package.
Optional is a container object that contains values or null.
It checks if an object does not exist and returns true.
Before java11, We have a isPresent() method in Optional Class
isPresent() is used to check an object that exists in Container and return true.
This only checks for Object that exists in Optional.
If you want to check object does not exist, you have to use a negative condition such as!Optional.isPresent in conditional statements. This is not readable and complex to understand. For example, To check string contains a null value, we have to write the below program.
package java11;
import java.util.Optional;
public class OptionalIsEmptyTest {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 String name= "john";
 String department= null;
 System.out.println(Optional.ofNullable(name).isPresent()); // true
 System.out.println(Optional.ofNullable(department).isPresent()); //false
 System.out.println(Optional.ofNullable(name).isEmpty()); //false
 System.out.println(Optional.ofNullable(department).isEmpty()); //true
 // Check for department is null
 if(!Optional.ofNullable(department).isPresent()){
 System.out.println("Department is null");
 }
 // Check for name is not null
 if(Optional.ofNullable(name).isPresent()){
 System.out.println("Name is not null");
 }
 }
}
Output:
true
false
Department is null
Name is not null
For negative conditions, you have to use isPresent with operator !.
The isEmpty method is the opposite of the isPresent method in java11.
Java11 Optional isEmpty method
isEmpty method returns true if the value is null, else returns true.
Syntax:
 public boolean isEmpty()
Here is a complete code example for the Optional isEmpty method
package java11;
import java.util.Optional;
public class OptionalIsEmptyTest {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 String name= "john";
 String department= null;
 System.out.println(Optional.ofNullable(name).isPresent()); // true
 System.out.println(Optional.ofNullable(department).isPresent()); //false
 System.out.println(Optional.ofNullable(name).isEmpty()); //false
 System.out.println(Optional.ofNullable(department).isEmpty()); //true
 // Check for department is null
 if(Optional.ofNullable(department).isEmpty()){
 System.out.println("Department is null");
 }
 // Check for name is not null
 if(!Optional.ofNullable(name).isEmpty()){
 System.out.println("Name is not null");
 }
 }
}


text:
Digital technology has transformed textile printing in many aspects. It improved the overall process of printing textiles. Due to this reason, many businesses are now considering it.
Traditional textile printing has many cons. It produces a lot of waste, gives rise to water pollution, and consumes a lot of energy. Digital textile printing is the opposite of it. There is less consumption of energy and less production of waste, leading to a decrease in pollution. You can find multiple digital textile printing machine suppliers in the market to choose the best one. You need to look at the features before deciding on one for your business.
Before shifting to digital textile printing, you must comprehend everything about it.
What Are The Things To Know About Digital Textile Printing?
Digital textile printing is a type of printing that is done with the help of digital printers. The fabric gets through the printer and comes out with the printed design. While the fabric is inside and gets steamed, cleaned, and dried automatically. That is how businesses can increase the speed of printing textiles.
Getting familiar with this type of printing is valuable if you want to incorporate it into your business. Here are some things you should understand about it-
No Need For Samples
Traditional textile printing involves the use of samples before moving to the final process. The expenses of buying sample fabrics add up to the overall cost making it more expensive.
Digital textile printing doesn't require samples. You can directly begin the procedure after setting up everything in the system. So the overall cost automatically decreases.
Quick And Efficient Printing
Traditional textile printing is much quicker and more efficient. You can print various intricate designs with less effort using digital printers. That is how you can get finished textiles within a short period. Businesses can improve their production with these machines.
The old method of printing takes many hours. It is also limited to a few designs, as intricate ones are not always successful.
Print Trendy Designs
Now, people love to wear trendy clothes. So, businesses need to change their printing methods to provide trendy clothes. Digital textile printing machines are perfect for printing trendy designs frequently. It also reduces the need to maintain textile stock. You can quickly get various textiles printed with new and trendy designs and supply them to the market.
Traditional printing needs a lot of water and electricity usage. The energy consumption is high because of this. Digital printing is better than this as it helps conserve water and electricity. Energy conservation is thus possible with the help of traditional printing machines.
Digital textile printing is the future of the textile industry. The reasons to incorporate instead of traditional printing are numerous. It saves energy, reduces sample expenses, saves time and effort, and successfully prints diverse designs. All this makes it a more effective and efficient form of printing.


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Dexter Filkins joins Dorothy Wickenden to discuss how the West misreads militant Islam.
Onward and Upward with the Arts
The Myth of Whiteness in Classical Sculpture
Scholars have known for centuries that Greek and Roman marble figures were routinely covered in bright paint. Why does the myth of their whiteness persist?


Wat is a Repository?
All the data you enter on Dragon1, is stored in the Architecture Repository. Within Dragon1, the Architecture Repository is a web application that allows you to administer data entities.
The Architecture Repository organizes data logically by using the concept of Cabinets, Dossiers and Folder. Within the Architecture Repository you can create any number of Cabinets. A Cabinet is a containter in which you can store any number of Dossiers. Within a Dossier you can use any number of Folders to organize your data entities in a much more granular manner.
You can add metadata to the data entities which you administer, such as standard images but also your own attributes with or without default values for those attributes.
By relating the rich data entities to each other you form a model. You are able to create views (filters) on the models. Models can be used to link to visualizations and/or templates in the Visual Designer (another web application within Dragon1).
Usage of Cabinets, Dossiers and Folders
In order to enter data you have to create a Cabinet. Often this Cabinet will have the the name of your company, program or project. Within the Cabinet you need to create Dossiers, often important topics within your organization, program or project (such as products, processes, changes or solutions). From there one you create Folders within the Dossiers (Often Folders will have names of the types of the Dossier name.
Maintain and keep your data consistent
The Architecture Repository is the application to keep your data consistent. All information you otherwise would have written down in documents can be maintained and kept consistent with the Architecture Repository.


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Exo Terra Heat Wave Rainforest Small РТ-2022 20 x 20 cm
The Rainforest substrate heater simulates a heated forest floor of tropical areas. The sun is often blocked by trees and clear skies are alternated by cloudy conditions in tropical areas or rainforests. Heavy rainfall keeps the soil often moist what results in a high air humidity, especially when the sun breaks through the clouds and heats up the moist soil. Because of the climatological conditions, the soil or substrate never heat up to the extreme like in desert environments. The power of the Heat Wave Rainforest substrate heater is designed to create these conditions in the terrarium.
- Ideal for humid or rainforest terrariums
- For under tank or tank wall mounting
- Conductive heat source for reptiles, arachnids and amphibians
- Helps in thermoregulating - important for metabolism, digestion, appetite and activity
- Safe, even heat distribution