text: History can be studied at Buckingham as a Major. This means that you study two-thirds History and one-third Economics (or English Literature, Journalism or Politics). This is not a pick-and-mix degree; the minor subjects are designed to integrate with the History modules. The History Major is a new programme. It has been carefully designed and fine-tuned by Buckingham's team of experienced and high-calibre historians. The History Major offers outline and conceptual modules which concentrate on the period from 1800 to the present day – though we do study some earlier periods too. Students progress to study the history of history and to reflect on historical method. In the last part of the course we study historical documents and texts, and develop research and writing skills through a long essay and a dissertation. So the programme not only teaches history; it also teaches you to think historically and to research and write history. History is one of the five most popular subjects among UK university students, and with good reason. Having a historical perspective enables people to make sense of today's rapidly changing world. Employers like it, because history teaches you to think for yourself, to work under pressure, and to construct a coherent argument from the evidence. Historical research has never been more exciting than it is today, with the Internet making available so many treasures from the archives. The Economics modules examine decision-making in the context of a market economy, and the institutional supports for such an economy to operate effectively. They deal with cutting-edge issues, such as the problems of achieving macroeconomic and exchange-rate stability, and also issues from the wider economic field: the allocation of resources to health, and raising environmental quality, for example.


Microsoft Word
Microsoft Windows
Math and Arithmetic
Software and Applications (non-game)
Statistics
Windows XP
Microsoft Access
Computer Terminology
Microsoft PowerPoint
Office Applications
Database Programming
Algebra
Microsoft Corporation
Genetics
Computers
OpenOffice
The Difference Between
Business Accounting and Bookkeeping
Computer Programming
Microsoft Office
Microsoft Excel
Excel is a spreadsheet application developed and distributed by Microsoft Corporation for computers using the Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X operating systems. It features graphing tools, chart wizards, calculations, formatting options, and pivot tables.
Asked in Internet, Microsoft Excel
What is extension added to Excel files?
Excel 2003: .xls = Workbook .xla = VBA Add-in .xlb = Toolbar (where custom toolbar settings are stored) .xlc = Chart .xld = Dialog (from older versions of Excel) .xlk = Archive (Excel spreadsheet backup) .xll = DLL Add-in .xlm = Macro .xlt = Template .xlv = VBA Module .xlw = Workspace (collection of multiple Workbooks) Excel 2007: .xlsx = Workbook (XML format) .xlsm = Macro-enabled Workbook .xlsb = Excel Binary Workbook (instead of XML format) .xltm = Macre-enabled Template .xlam = Add-in (XML format) _URL_ ...
Asked in Software and Applications (non-game), Microsoft Excel
How do you insert a PDF file into an excel sheet?
You want to insert an OBJECT (select from file), then select PDF from the choices of what to insert. That is: Insert>>Object>>Select "Adobe Acrobat Document">> OK If you wanna convert PDF to Excel, then you'd better use enolsoft PDF to Excel with OCR converter. ...
Asked in Computer Terminology, Microsoft Excel
How do you add date stamp on excel?
Try this formula: =NOW() If you don't want the time, the formula is =TODAY() ...
Asked in Computer Programming, Microsoft Excel
How do you make a dot plot on Excel?
It's called an X-Y scatter plot. The procedure is different depending on which version you have. Basically, you highlight all of the cells containing, the data; click on 'Insert' then click the icon that looks like a 'dot plot' and it should have the word 'scatter' underneath it. ...
Asked in Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel
What does portrait orientation mean?
it means vertical allignment, document is more heigh then wide
Asked in Microsoft Excel
How do make an times table on Microsoft Excel?
Enter one set of numbers in a column and another set of numbers in a row at the top of that column, so that the numbers you want to multiply intersect at a column and row. EXAMPLE: In A2 enter 2. In B1 enter 3. In B2 enter =A2*B1 (observe the answer 6) TIP: If you want to be able to enter the formula only in the first intersecting cell of the row, then copy the formula to all the rest of the cells...
Asked in Microsoft Excel
What types of documents can be created in excel?
workbook files, also called spreadsheets
Asked in Microsoft Excel
Why is VLOOKUP function used moere often than other lookup functions?
Data is more commonly arranged in such a way that a VLookup is better able to extract the data. The same kinds of data are generally arranged to be grouped in columns and that is what VLookup is best for searching through. It searches through data vertically, or in other words through columns. ...
Asked in Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Excel
What does ctrl and home key do?
It will bring you to the start of a document.
Asked in Business and Industry, Business Accounting and Bookkeeping, Microsoft Excel
What are some ways to use Excel?
There are many uses for Excel. If you have novel ways to use Excel, please add your ideas here or on the discussion page. Here are some ideas: Set up a favorite friend list and enter the number of SMS messages you send them each month. The person at the end of the year that received the most messages is your favorite texting friend. Plan a vacation budget. Decide how much money you will spend for your vacation and set up a budget...
Asked in Microsoft Excel
What does the delete button do in excel?
It erases what is inside the cell.
Asked in Microsoft Excel
What the print set area command is use to?
If you want to print just a part of a spreadsheet and not the whole lot of it, you can select the part you want to print and set the Print Area. It is a very useful feature if you only want to print an important part from what is a large spreadsheet, like some totals or some columns. When you have finished, you can use the setting to clear the print area which will set the setting back to normal...
Asked in Statistics, Microsoft Excel
How do you calculate Spearman's rank using excel?
See video at related links for instructions.
Asked in Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, Typography
How is the font size in Word and Excel measured?
Microsoft Word measures fonts in points. A common example would be something like 10 or 12 point Arial or Times New Roman. Excel is similar. ...
Asked in Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel
How do you draw a partition in Microsoft Word?
You can do that with table, Insert - Table. Table can have visible or invisible borders, Design tab (appears when you insert or draw table) Table Styles section - Borders. ...
Asked in Math and Arithmetic, Microsoft Excel
What are Some of the ways to format numbers is to use?
Under the Home tab in 2007/2010 Excel you have Number. Clicking on the lower right selector arrow under that shows the various ways: Number (decimal places and + and - numbers) Currency (Including symbols besides US currency, decimal places and + and - notation style) Accounting Date (various forms) Time (How you want it notated and 12 or 24 hour clock) Percentage Fraction Scientific Special and Custom ...
Asked in Microsoft Excel
What is the formula in excel for counting base 8?
To convert from decimal to octal, use the function DEC2OCT. EXAMPLE: =DEC2OCT(58, 3) Converts decimal 58 to octal (072). ...
Asked in Microsoft Excel
How can I export from Excel to a Dymo Label Writer?
Ask this question again to specify which model of Dymo Label Writer you are using. Or, perhaps you can find what you need at the related links. ...
Asked in Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft PowerPoint
Where is the undo button located?
Since Office 2007 it is located in the top left corner of the page in the Quick Access toolbar. You can also use the Ctrl - Z shortcut key to undo things. ...
Asked in Microsoft Excel
What spreadsheet software do teachers use?
Teachers can use many different spreadsheet programs. Microsoft Excel is the most common one, so most would use that, but they could use any of the others available, such as Calc in Open Office or Lotus 1-2-3 etc. ...
Asked in Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, The Difference Between
Difference between paste and paste special?
In word programs, there is normal pasting which is normally done with images, text, etc, then there is special pasting which allows you to copy a section of text from word for example and past it into another word program as a picture eg. It just allows you to copy one type of information and paste it as another. ...
Asked in Microsoft Excel
What does the countblank function actually count?
Countblank function is a derivative of count function and it is doing a very simple task - countblank function counts the number of cells in the range with no data. Actually, if you'll add the results for count/a function and countblank function you'll get the total number of cells in the range (empty and not). ...


results revealed that compression strength of PGS/PCL/Gel and PGS/PCL/Gel HA3 wt % composites are higher than other scaffolds. On the contrary, the compression strength of PGS/PCL/Gel/HA 5% samples in the wet state shows a remarkable decrease (p-value ≤ 0.05) compared to PGS/PCL/Gel/HA 3% scaffolds, which can be attributed to the higher swelling in the scaffolds with 5% HA.
Fig. 5
figure 5
Mechanical properties A Compression strength, B Elongation at break of the scaffold; at dry (left) and wet (right) conditions; The values are expressed as means (± SEM; n = 3), (*p < 0.05), (** p < 0.01)
Table 3 Calculated modulus of fabricated scaffolds
No significant changes (p-value > 0.05) were observed in compression strength between PGS, PGS/PCL, and PGS/PCL/Gel samples in dry condition, however as shown in Fig. 5A in wet state, the compression strength of PGS/PCL/Gel scaffolds showed a significant decrease (p-value ≤ 0.05) compared with PGS, and PGS/PCL samples. Additionally, there is considerable difference (p ≤ 0.05) between PGS/PCL/Gel, PGS/PCL/Gel/HA 3%, and PGS/PCL/Gel/HA 5% samples, in the wet state.
As shown in Fig. 5B, the addition of PCL to PGS is associated with a significant decrease (p-value ≤ 0.01) in elongation in the dry state, due to the toughness of the PCL, while the addition of gelatin increases elongation (p-value ≤ 0.05). Meanwhile, by introducing HA nanoparticles, the elongation represents a significant increase (p-value ≤ 0.01), which shows a higher value than the elongation of pure PGS sample by the increase of HA percentage. However, in the wet state, the elongation of the samples in PGS, PGS/PCL, PGS/PCL/Gel, and PGS/PCL/Gel/HA 3%/ scaffolds is not significantly different (p-value > 0.05), while with the increase of HA nanoparticles to 5%, a sharp decrease in elongation is observed (p-value ≤ 0.01).
Cell viability and proliferation
To determine the effect of nanocomposite scaffolds on cytocompatibility and cell proliferation, the optical absorbance of ADSCs at 570 nm has been evaluated at the time intervals of 1, 7, and 14 days. According to MTT results, shown in Fig. 6, after 24 h, the engineered scaffolds in PGS/PCL group had inhibitory effects on cell proliferation. After that, on day 7, a significant increase in cell proliferation was observed in the PGS/PCL/Gel and PGS/PCL/Gel/HA 5% groups compared to the control samples (PGS scaffolds). Finally, after 14 days of treatment, all groups except PGS/PCL/Gel/HA 5% showed higher cell proliferation, especially in the presence of 3% HA. Based on these results, PGS-PCL-Gel and PGS-PCL-Gel-HA 3% scaffolds can support more cell survival and proliferation in vitro over time.
Fig. 6
figure 6
In vitro evaluation of human mesenchymal stem cells survival and proliferation on 1, 3, and 14 days after cell seeding. The statistically significant analysis paired t-test compared to control cells. *p < 0.05, and **p < 0.01
Cell attachment
The cell attachment and behavior of PGS, PGS/PCL, PGS/PCL/Gel, and PGS/PCL/Gel/HA (3 and 5%) scaffolds three days after cell seeding have shown in Fig. 7, revealing the interaction of cells with scaffolds as well as cell attachment and spreading of them inside the pores. Since hydrophilicity and functional groups at the scaffold surface are the major factors in cell adhesion [51, 52], more cell-scaffold interaction can be observed at PGS/PCL/Gel/HA 3%( g, h) and PGS/PCL/Gel/HA 5%,( i, j) due to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with polar groups. In addition, PGS/PCL/Gel scaffolds (e, f) have a very similar trend in this property, due to the hydrophilicity of Gelatin. These findings are confirmed by contact angle analysis in "Hydrophilicity behavior of scaffolds" section.
Fig. 7
figure 7
Scanning electron microscopy images of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded on the scaffolds 3 days after cell seeding (a&b) PGS, (c&d) PGS/PCL, (e&f) PGS/PCL/Gel, (g&h) PGS/PCL/Gel/HA 3%, (i&j) PGS/PCL/Gel/HA 5%
Cell differentiation
To evaluate the chondroconductive capability of the scaffolds, mRNA levels of Aggrecan, Sox9, Collagen II,as well as Osteocalcin were investigated after 21 days of cell seeding and results are depicted in Fig. 8.
Fig. 8
figure 8
Gene expression profile of chondrogenic markers A Aggrecan, B Sox9, and C Col2 D Osteocalcin on PGS and PGS/PCL/Gel, PGS/PCL/Gel/HA 3 & 5%; the results are averages of three independent experiments,* p-value ≤ 0.05
The increase of Aggrecan expression as a marker of chondrogenic differentiation was observed after 21 days of seeding for scaffolds with 3 and 5 wt% of HA nanoparticles as compared to PGS and PGS/PCL/Gel samples (P < 0.05) (Fig. 8A).
The results showed an increase in the Sox9 gene expression level for samples with 3 and 5 wt% of HA nanoparticles as compared to PGS and PGS/PCL/Gel scaffolds revealing mineralization effect of nHA (P < 0.05) (Fig. 8B). As a result, mRNA analysis revealed significant cartilage-related gene expression for samples containing HA, which was consistent with other studies [18,19,20, 53], indicating the chondroconductive properties of HA. In addition, normalized data in Fig. 8C show the highest increase in Col2 expression in PGS/PCL/Gel/HA 3% and 5% scaffolds compared to other groups (P < 0.05), indicating the role of nHA in chondrogenic differentiation. The mRNA expression of Sox9 was also in accordance with the results observed for Aggrecan and Col2 genes. As shown in Fig. 8D,the result of gene expression for Osteocalcin as a bone-related gene showed down-regulation (P > 0.05).
Discussion
Poly (glycerol sebacate) (PGS), due to good mechanical properties, high plasticity, easy processing, and good biocompatibility [54] has been used as tissue engineering scaffolds for many applications [55, 56]. In particular, PGS has shown promising results in nerve, cartilage, skin, bone, and cardiac tissue engineering. However, the low mechanical strength, almost poor hydrophilicity, and fast degradation of PGS via a surface erosion mechanism need to investigate methods to improve its properties. To overcome these issues, blending PGS with other polymers or fillers can result in a material with significant mechanical stability, hydrophilicity, and desired degradability rate [57,58,59].
For example, creating copolymers with PCL can result in a material with both the strength and elasticity of PCL, while changing the degradation time slightly to fit the scaffold needs [5]. Rostamian et al. indicated that PGS-co-PCL scaffolds possess promising applications for soft tissue engineering, due to adjusting the general features of PGS [37]. In another study by Gaharwar et al., nanocomposites of PGS and CNTs demonstrated that covalent crosslinks between CNTs and PGS considerably enhanced the mechanical properties of PGS [60]. Aghajan et al. prepared a PGS-based nanocomposite scaffold of gelatin, graphene oxide, and clay nanoparticles through in situ polymerization [45]. Furthermore, in a study by Chen et al., the incorporation of halloysite nanotubes into PGS could modify the physical properties of PGS and provide proper conformation and stable mechanical behavior, as well as reduce its degradation rate [61]. Zhao et al. reported that the addition of silica glass particles


Proposal: make Glib::Property much more flexible
Hello,
Currently Glib::Properties are limited by being required to be direct data members of the containing class object. Unfortunately, this makes impossible to use Glib::Property in most exported C++ APIs as additions or removals of Glib::Property members break the ABI. The issue could be solved by using the PIMPL idiom, but as of now this is not possible.
The direct data member requirement arises from the way property ids are used to map to property wrappers. At the moment we depend on the layout of objects of some type always having the same layout, which is guaranteed by the C++ standard. This allows us to define the property id as the offset of the property wrapper sub-object from the start of the parent object.
I propose to depend on a different invariant that would greatly increase the flexibility of Glib::Property and would allow to use them as members of PIMPL structs. C++ standard guarantees that all sub-objects of the given class are always initialized in the same order. We can employ this to define the property id as the number of already (re)installed properties during the construction of the current object. The addresses of the property wrappers could be stored in a separate, per object array. The property id could be used to retrieve the address of the property wrapper from that array.
We actually use this approach already for properties that are overridden by interfaces (see commit ce20003fd in glibmm). In this email I propose to use the same mechanics for non-overridden properties too.
This way the direct data member limitation would be lessened to only requiring the user to always construct the same number of properties in the same order, which wouldn't be an issue in almost all cases. In particular, the PIMPL idiom could be used for properties too.
If there's consensus among glibmm developers that this is a reasonable improvement, I volunteer to implement a patch and test it extensively.
All the best,
Povilas
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text:
Joy of Teaching
Opportunities for learning exist everywhere. The Joy of Learning is an sttempt at school, showing some ways in which these opportunities can be made use of. We believe that learning can be more fun. both for the student and the teacher, when based on real experiences.
The joy of Learning is fundamental to our philosophy of preschool education where the xpeerience of learning is carried out in a relaxed and fun-filled atmosphere.
Learning takes place in a full-filled and relaxed atmosphere. The activities like bird feeding, role play, nature walk help children understand environment better and they give gheir share in saving the environment. Children learn from their teachers and in turn, children's activities encourage teachers to further explore.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
About Alexander Logie du Toit
Alexander Logie du Toit FRS (14 March 1878 – 25 February 1948) was a South African geologist - an early supporter of Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift.
the most important geologist in the history of South Africa. A field geologist with observational and synthetic powers of the highest rank, early in the twentieth century he embarked upon a twenty year study of the geology of South Africa which produced a series of important books and articles over the later portion of that period. Securing a grant from the Carnegie Institution of Washington in 1923, he spent five months in South America familiarizing himself with the geology of Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil, and comparing this to the units in South Africa; this led the publication of his A Geological Comparison of South America with South Africa in 1927, and the even more celebrated Our Wandering Continents; An Hypothesis of Continental Drifting in 1937. Du Toit had some success in convincing Old World geologists of the possibility of continental drifting but rather less with American observers; it was not until the plate tectonics revolution of the 1960s that the quality of his vision was first fully universally acknowledged.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


RFC (Request for Comments)
The Request For Comments (RFC) are a collection of documents about various topics of the Internet, containing protocol specifications and alike.
It is important to understand that not all RFC documents are protocol specifications; the main categories are: Informational, Proposed Standard, Draft Standard, Standard, Experimental, Best Current Practice and For Your Information. RFC documents may also extend or update a given other RFC document, or make it obsolete. There are even April 1st jokes, which can easily be recognized by the date of publication and the often odd title and abstract.
You will find all RFC documents at the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) RFC repository. An useful address is The RFC Editor where you can search for specific keywords in order to find relevant RFC documents (and even Internet Drafts, which are drafted potential RFC documents).
RFC's are typically referenced by their number, so you might see something like "the TCP RFC 793" or only "RFC 793" in a document.
Assigned numbers
Various official assignments of protocol numbers and other properties can be found at the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)'s Protocol Numbers and Assignment Services page. This information used to be maintained in the Assigned Numbers RFC. but the last of those was RFC 1700, which is now outdated.
RFC 1166 has an out-of-date list of IP address ranges. To find out to whom an IP address belongs, you can use various "WHOIS" services:
Famous RFC examples
The following will list some famous RFC's related to the common InternetProtocolFamily:
You will find more RFC references at the specific protocol pages.
RFC (last edited 2008-04-12 17:50:16 by localhost)


Adapter
The Adapter is a junction box to expand the 25-pin connector on the Controller to multiple signal sources.
It also contains the RF receiver and some signal conditioning. It includes these:
1. The pigtail from the Controller′s 25-pin connector is wired to an Interconnect Board. This contains the following:
 * Resistors to common for most analog inputs because their sources are op-amps which are not rail-to-rail.
 * A circuit for the line monitoring function which converts a wide range of AC and DC inputs to an acceptable logic input to the processor in the Controller.
 * A triple filter and 4:1 attenuator for the Auxiliary DC measuring input.
 * Headers for each input source, plus a spare.
2. A pigtail with a 5.5 x 2.1 plug providing 4.7 V to the Driveway Patrol Receiver. It is connected to a circuit board which not only contains the regulator but also detects the current surge when it sounds an alarm. This produces an open-collector logic output. Since this device sounds 3 beeps, multiple event messages result.
3. The RF receiver is another circuit board. Its design is similar to the Flower Receiver, but adds a comparator to buffer the high-impedance interrupt output.
Here are photographs
Here are the circuit diagrams


text:
Castles of the World Inside And Out
When we were little I'm sure all of us imagined how it would be like to be part of royalty. Little girls would imagine themselves as princesses in big castles just waiting for their night in shining armor. After that, they all lived happily ever after in their huge castle. Well here's a collection of weird, funny and interesting facts about some of the biggest, most luxurious and extravagant castles in the world.
1. The Chateau of Chambord
The property contains the castle itself, the village and the park and is situated in the department of Loire-et-Cher, central France (Loire Valley). For many years, this castle was a retreat for the French Kings, especially the fierce Louis XIV.
Interesting facts about the castle of Chambord:
- This castle is one of the most famous manor houses on the planet. It was built by King Francois I in order for him to be close all the time to his mistress Comtesse de Thoury.
- The Chambord Chateau is the largest castle found throughout the Loire Valley and it was used as hunting domain.
- It has an impressive number of roms, chimneys, fireplaces: 440 rooms, 365 fireplaces, to be more exact.
- The most interesting facts about the Chateu of Chambord are the double helix staircase (just one of the 84 staircases).
Take a look at some beautiful pictures for the castle's interior:
A king-size bed, the deer show the hunting motif.
2. Neuschwanstein Castle
The picture speaks for itself, this castle is probably the most charming one of all, despite it's controversial origins.
Interesting facts about Neuschwanstein Castle:
- The name Neuschwanstein actually means: New Swan Stone, inspired by Wagner's Swan Knight. Many of te castle's rooms are inspired by Wagner's operas, yet Wagner never visited the castle because of his early death.
- It was built for King Ludwig II and was designed for only one person, the king, yet in some days it is visited by a large number of people, up to 6000/day.
- This castle insipred Walt Disney's Sleeping Beauty castle in Disneyland.
- The woodwork in the bedroom alone lasted more than 4 years to complete and was made by 14carpenters.
- There's no Throne Room in the castle, because King Ludwig II died before it was completed.
- The designer of the castle, Christian Jank was only a theatrical designer, not a real architect.
Even though there are no cameras allowed, Neuschwanstein Castle is one of the most photographed castles in the world. Take a look at some inside pictures.
The Palace of Versailles is one of the most extravagant buildings in the world.
Intresting facts about Versailles:
- The entire domain is bigger than the island of Manhattan and larger than Paris.
- The costs of construcing the palace rise up to 2 billion dollars, based on existing records.
- The palace was so luxurious and opulent that even the stables built for the kings 2000 horses had fireplaces.
- It's Hall Of Mirrors has 17 large chandeliers and another 26 smaller ones made out of solid silver.
- The Chapel took over 28 years to complete because of Louis's demands of total perfection.
- The queen's dormitory is one of the largest rooms because she had to give birth in public.
The gates of Versailles were designed to look like the Gates of Heaven.
4. Chateau de Chenonceau
Interesting facts about the castle of Chenonceau:
- It's also referred to as The Castle of Ladies, due to the implication of feminine figures in it's design.
- The castle we know today was built in 1513 by Charles XVIII of France, he used his wife's extremely good taste in design to make this castle one of the beautifulest castles in France.
- In 1547, Diane de Poitiers who was King Francis I's mistress who contributed with the exquisite gardens.
- Catherine de' Medici forced the mistress out of the palace and brought her own conmtribution to the palace: splendid gardens.
- Louise de Lorraine-Vaudémont lost her mind while living in the castle due to her husband's assassination.
Next time you visit France, make sure you see the Chateau de Chenonceau, because it's one of the most visited palaces in France.
Intresting facts about Linderhof:
- Linderhof was built by King Ludwig II (1845 – 1886), one of Bavaria's most eccentric kings. The palace is one of the king's smallest palaces, even tho it's spectaculaty large.
- It has 10 types of marble in it.
- The staircase is a smaller replica of the famous Ambassador's staircase from, Versailles, it being the inspiration source for the entire castle.
- The position o the bed and the balustrade give the impression of an altar built in the king's honor.
Find more amazing stuff on our sister website CoolWeirdo
If you enjoyed this article please share it.


: 01-22-2014
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Riboflavin (RF), the primary redox active component of flavin, is involved in many redox processes in biogeochemical systems. Despite of its wide distribution and important roles in environmental remediation, its redox behaviors and reaction mechanisms in hydrophobic sites remain unclear yet. In this study, spectroelectrochemical analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculation were integrated to explore the redox behaviors of RF in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which was used to create a hydrophobic environment. Specifically, cyclic voltafluorometry (CVF) and derivative cyclic voltafluorometry (DCVF) were employed to track the RF concentration changing profiles. It was found that the reduction contained a series of proton-coupled electron transfers dependent of potential driving force. In addition to the electron transfer-chemical reaction-electron transfer process, a disproportionation (DISP1) process was also identified to be involved in the reduction. The redox potential and free energy of each step obtained from the DFT calculations further confirmed the mechanisms proposed based on the experimental results. The combination of experimental and theoretical approaches yields a deep insight into the characteristics of RF in environmental remediation and better understanding about the proton-coupled electron transfer mechanisms.
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Optimizing municipal wastewater treatment plants using an improved multi-objective optimization method.
Bioresour. Technol.
PUBLISHED: 01-20-2014
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An improved multi-objective optimization (MOO) model was established and used for simultaneously optimizing the treatment cost and multiple effluent quality indexes (including effluent COD, NH4(+)-N, NO3(-)-N) of a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Compared with previous models that were mainly based on the use of fixed decision factors and did not taken into account the treatment cost, this model introduces a relationship model based on back propagation algorithm to determine the set of decision factors according to the expected optimization targets. Thus, a more flexible and precise optimization of the treatment process was allowed. Moreover, a MOO of conflicting objectives (i.e., treatment cost and effluent quality) was achieved. Applying this method, an optimal balance between operating cost and effluent quality of a WWTP can be found. This model may offer a useful tool for optimized design and control of practical WWTPs.
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Cultivation of aerobic granules for polyhydroxybutyrate production from wastewater.
Bioresour. Technol.
PUBLISHED: 01-19-2014
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Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)-rich aerobic granule was cultivated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) under nitrogen deficient conditions by adapting a two-step strategy. In the first step the PHB-storage ability of activated sludge was enhanced by keeping both oxygen and ammonia at a low level. In the second step granular sludge was cultivated through adjusting sludge settling time. The matured PHB-rich granular sludge with a PHB content of 40 ± 4.6% and a high settling ability was successfully obtained. The analysis on sludge surface properties showed that the surface charge, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content and the sludge hydrophobicity all increased significantly, while the surface energy of sludge decreased to a relatively steady state accompanied with the growth of granular sludge. This study demonstrates that the metabolism of intracellular storages induced microbial production of EPS, which favored the formation of aerobic granules.
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Selenite reduction by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 is mediated by fumarate reductase in periplasm.
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In situ reduction of selenite to elemental selenium (Se(0)), by microorganisms in sediments and soils is an important process and greatly affects the environmental distribution and the biological effects of selenium. However, the mechanism behind such a biological process remains unrevealed yet. Here we use Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, a widely-distributed dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium with a powerful and diverse respiration capability, to evaluate the involvement of anaerobic respiration system in the microbial selenite reduction. With mutants analysis, we identify fumarate reductase FccA as the terminal reductase of selenite in periplasm. Moreover, we find that such a reduction is dependent on central respiration c-type cytochrome CymA. In contrast, nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, and the Mtr electron transfer pathway do not work as selenite reductases. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized role of anaerobic respiration reductases of S. oneidensis MR-1 in selenite reduction and geochemical cycles of selenium in sediments and soils.
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Experimental and theoretical demonstrations for the mechanism behind enhanced microbial electron transfer by CNT network.
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Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) share the principle of the microbially catalyzed anodic substrate oxidation. Creating an electrode interface to promote extracellular electron transfer from microbes to electrode and understanding such mechanisms are crucial for engineering BESs. In this study, significantly promoted electron transfer and a 10-times increase in current generation in a BES were achieved by the utilization of carbon nanotube (CNT) network, compared with carbon paper. The mechanisms for the enhanced current generation with the CNT network were elucidated with both experimental approach and molecular dynamic simulations. The fabricated CNT network was found to be able to substantially enhance the interaction between the c-type cytochromes and solid electron acceptor, indicating that the direct electron transfer from outer-membrane decaheme c-type cytochromes to electrode might occur. The results obtained in this study will benefit for the optimized design of new materials to target the outer membrane proteins for enhanced electron exchanges.
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Development of an energy-saving anaerobic hybrid membrane bioreactors for 2-chlorophenol-contained wastewater treatment.
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A novel energy-saving anaerobic hybrid membrane bioreactor (AnHMBR) with mesh filter, which takes advantage of anaerobic membrane bioreactor and fixed-bed biofilm reactor, is developed for low-strength 2-chlorophenol (2-CP)-contained wastewater treatment. In this system, the anaerobic membrane bioreactor is stuffed with granular activated carbon to construct an anaerobic hybrid fixed-bed biofilm membrane bioreactor. The effluent turbidity from the AnHMBR system was low during most of the operation period, and the chemical oxygen demand and 2-CP removal efficiencies averaged 82.3% and 92.6%, respectively. Furthermore, a low membrane fouling rate was achieved during the operation. During the AnHMBR operation, the only energy consumption was for feed pump. And a low energy demand of 0.0045-0.0063kWhm(-3) was estimated under the current operation conditions. All these results demonstrated that this novel AnHMBR is a sustainable technology for treating 2-CP-contained wastewater.
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Novel electrochemical sensing platform based on magnetic field-induced self-assembly of Fe3O4@Polyaniline nanoparticles for clinical detection of creatinine.
Biosens Bioelectron
PUBLISHED: 01-03-2014
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A novel electrochemical sensing platform based on magnetic field-induced self-assembly of Fe3O4@Polyaniline nanoparticles (Fe3O4@PANI NPs) has been for the first time fabricated for the sensitive detection of creatinine in biological fluids. The template molecule, creatinine, was self-assembled on the surface of Fe3O4@PANI NPs together with the functional monomer aniline by the formation of N-H hydrogen bonds. After pre-assembled, through the magnetic-induction of the magnetic glassy carbon electrode (MGCE), the ordered structure of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were established by the electropolymerization and assembled on the surface of MGCE with the help of magnetic fields by a simple one-step approach. The structural controllability of the MIPs film established by magnetic field-induced self-assembly was further studied. The stable and hydrophilic Fe3O4@PANI can not only provide available functionalized sites with which the template molecule creatinine can form hydrogen bond by the abundant amino groups in PANI matrix, but also afford a promoting pathway for electron transfer. The as-prepared molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor (MIES) shows good stability and reproducibility for the determination of creatinine with the detection limit reached 0.35 nmol L(-1) (S/N=3). In addition, the highly sensitive and selective MIES has been successfully used for the clinical determination of creatinine in human plasma and urine samples. The average recoveries were 90.8-104.9% with RSD lower than 2.7%.
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COMPOUNDING: New Process Creates Diamond-Like Pellets
Special temperature control makes smooth pellets that "shine like diamonds."
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Maag Automatik (U.S. office in Charlotte, N.C.) has developed what it calls a revolutionary process for pelletizing engineering polymers underwater. Called Optimized Temperature Pelletizing (OTP), the process generates pellets that reportedly shine like diamonds with no voids, dents, or other defects.
The process produces spherical pellets on the supplier's Sphero underwater pelletizing system. Pellets of this shape are said generate less wear during conveying processes than other pellet geometries. Less wear equals less dust formation, which results in less effort for dust removal or cleaning, says Maag.
In the process, pellets are cut and cooled first in pressurized, overheated water (above 100 C/212 F). The pellets are then separated from overheated water and transferred to the second cooling circuit (less than 95 C/203 F).
After subsequent cooling, the pressure is released and the pellets are separated by Maag's Centro dryer from the process water. Once dry, the pellets are ready for subsequent processing or packing. The closed loops reportedly result in operating conditions without any air emissions or product contamination.
Based on the higher temperature level in the isolated first cooling process, that energy could easily be used for heating purposes or transformed into electrical power suitable for consumption by system components like pumps and motors.


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Mysterious booming sounds are occasionally heard on the North Carolina coast, often powerful enough to rattle windows and doors. They cannot be explained by thunderstorms or any manmade sources — their source is a mystery.
Such dins are not unique to North Carolina or the modern age. People living near Seneca Lake in upstate New York have long known of similar booming sounds, which they called "Seneca guns." In coastal Belgium, they are known as "mistpouffers," or fog belches; in the Ganges delta and the Bay of Bengal, "Bansal guns;" in the Italian Apennines, "brontidi," or thunder-like; and by the Harami people of Shikoku, Japan, "yan."
"What's going on is an interesting challenge, whatever it might be," said seismologist David Hill, scientist emeritus at the U.S. Geological Survey office in Menlo Park, Calif.
Long list of explanations
A host of plausible explanations may now exist for these enigmas, including earthquakes, rock bursts, mud volcanoes, explosive venting of gas, storm-driven waves, tsunamis, meteors, distant thunder and so-called booming sands.
"It seems there is quite a range of processes in nature that might be responsible," Hill told OurAmazingPlanet.
"Earwitnesses" described sounds like booming cannons or falling stones accompanying small to moderate earthquakes in England from 1880 to 1916. In 1975, U.S. Geological Survey researchers managed to record both acoustic and seismic signals of an earthquake swarm in California, finding that three earthquakes with magnitudes ranging from 2.0 to 2.8 produced sounds that began within 0.02 seconds of the arrival of seismic waves at the scientists' station. Similar results were seen with quakes in the French Pyrenees in 2004.
All in all, audible sounds from earthquakes might be perceived even when shaking is not, Hill suggested. For instance, while earthquakes are rare in coastal North Carolina, they are relatively common in the Charleston area of South Carolina, the site of the 1886 magnitude 7.6 Charleston quake, and the area that Seneca Lake is located within do host low-level earthquake activity. Locals could be hearing an earthquake that is too small for them to feel.
Also, rock bursts, where long-buried rock can suddenly release stress, often because of mining removing confining material above it, can essentially be seen as a type of small, near-surface earthquake. Scientists have reported feeling perceptible jolts and hearing sharp booming sounds from such bursts, Hill said.
Giant waves might also be responsible for the mystery sounds, Hill suggested. Scientists have found that booming sounds are apparently familiar to big-wave surfers during extreme waves. In addition, after the catastrophic 2004 magnitude 9.1 Sumatra earthquake and tsunami, multiple witnesses said they heard loud, offshore booming sounds closely accompanying two or three of the largest waves that struck the coast at any given site.
"I was surprised to learn about the possibility that tsunamis produce these kinds of sounds," Hill said. "I don't think anyone understands that process."
Hill suggests the sounds heard off the coasts of North Carolina, Belgium and the Bay of Bengal might be large waves caused by distant storms that break well offshore, beyond outer banks or barrier beaches. Such waves might also disrupt offshore methane hydrate deposits, leading to explosive venting of high-pressure gas trapped deep within the Earth.
Booming sands and seismometers
Another possibility is meteors. Meteors can generate sonic booms and explode dramatically as they plummet from space. Given how long it can take a shockwave to reach the Earth's surface from the upper atmosphere, visible signs of the meteor can vanish before its sonic boom is heard, especially during the daytime, Hill noted.
Under the right circumstances, even sand dunes can generate a variety of sounds, including whispering, humming, whistling and squeaking. Booming sands, comparable to rumbling thunder, can be heard to distances of 6 miles (10 kilometers) and for as long as 15 minutes, are possible as well. They generally appear limited to large sand dunes in arid climates with steep faces pointing away from the wind, and seem to require loosely packed, very smooth, almost spherical sand grains.
"In the eastern desert in Egypt, the Bedouins have a long history of hearing booms and avoiding that area — after installing seismometers there, researchers were able to go back and see these sounds seem correlated with small earthquakes that caused booming sands," Hill said.
In the future, after potential artificial sources of mysterious booming sounds are ruled out, such as military exercises and quarry blasts, seismic networks could quickly reveal if earthquakes or volcanoes were responsible. For instance, the USArray, a mobile network of seismometers, is currently moving east across the United States and "it might help resolve the issue of what the sounds on the North Carolina coast are," Hill said.
Hill detailed this research in the September-October issue of the journal Seismological Research Letters.
This article was changed to reflect the correct location of Seneca Lake.


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OBJECTIVE: It is an ongoing debate whether tympanoplasty should be performed in the pediatric age group. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the anatomical and functional outcomes of type I cartilage tympanoplasty in children and adults.
MATERIALS and METHODS: The file records of patients who underwent type 1 cartilage tympanoplasty were retrospectively reviewed. In total, 133 patients who underwent type 1 tympanoplasty for chronic otitis media were included. Tragal cartilage grafts were used in all patients. The patients were divided into two groups: pediatric (age≤16 years, n=54) and adult (age>18 years, n=79) groups. The graft success rates and hearing results between the two groups were compared.
RESULTS: The graft success rate was 90.2% (120/133) in the study group. At the end of the 24-month follow-up, the graft was intact in 48 of the 54 (88.9%) patients in the pediatric group and 72 of the 79 patients in the adult group (91.1%) (p=0.769). The functional success rate (postoperative air–bone gap<20 dB) obtained in the study group was 90.2% (120/133). The functional success rate was 88.9% (48/54) in the pediatric group and 91.1% (72/79) in the adult group (p=0.255).
CONCLUSION: The graft success rates and hearing results obtained with cartilage grafts are similar in children and adults. Therefore, cartilage grafts may be safely used in pediatric patients, similar to their use in adults.


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The bridge connecting the Monumenti peninsula and the island of Sv. Katarina (St. Catherine's island) is 233.95 m long. It consists of 21 spans, ranging from 6.95 m to 8.10 in length; total width of 4.50 m. The bridge reconstruction consisted of the construction of new piles, 50 cm in diameter, and a new hidden horizontal reinforced concrete structure within the dimensions of the existing bridge, including the complete fixing of the original reinforced concrete structure. New bridge deck has been made, 6.0 m wide, formed of a 5-m wide carriageway and the protective kerbstones from both sides of the bridge. During the performance of works, the access to the structure was difficult for the simple reason the structure was directly above the sea level and most reconstruction works had to be performed from pontoons.
Monumenti – sv. Katarina bridge


Here's What You Can Substitute For Corn Syrup
High-fructose corn syrup is often maligned by nutritionists, but regular old corn syrup is a classic ingredient in recipes like pecan pie, homemade candy, and other sweet treats. So, what's one to do if they go to do their once-a-year holiday baking, only to discover that they're out of corn syrup? Luckily, there are a few substitutions you can use.
Corn syrup is used for a couple of different reasons in recipes. For one, it's sweet, so it adds a sugary flavor to your food. For two, it's an invert sugar (via David Lebovitz). This means that, when used in conjunction with regular sugar, it helps prevent crystallization, something you want to avoid when making smooth caramels and gooey pecan pies. So, what can you substitute for corn syrup when you run out?
The best corn syrup substitutes
The easiest corn syrup substitute, and one that's made with pantry staples, is made by dissolving 1 1/4 cups of granulated sugar in 1/4 cup hot water, to make a substitute for one cup of corn syrup (via MyRecipes).
That will give you the viscosity and sweetness you need to replicate corn syrup in most baked good recipes, but it won't help prevent sugar crystallization, so it's best to use something else in candy and caramel recipes.
You can use brown rice syrup or golden syrup, both invert sugars, as a corn syrup substitute when making caramels and candies (via Epicurious). Both have their own flavor profile — brown rice syrup tastes slightly nutty and toasted, while golden syrup has a buttery flavor — but those flavors work well in caramel-type applications.
If you don't need to worry about sugar crystallization, you can try using agave nectar, honey, or cane syrup in your recipe. They have the same ooey-gooey texture as corn syrup, and are about the same level of sweetness.
The next time you run out of corn syrup, don't panic. Chances are you have a corn syrup substitute already waiting in your pantry.


Is there a reasonably efficient algorithm for the following task?
Input: a point $x \in \mathbb{R}^d$; a convex polytope $\mathcal{C} \subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$
Find: a point $y \in \mathcal{C}$ that is as close to $x$ as possible
Assume that $\mathcal{C}$ is specified by a collection of linear inequalities, that the dimension $d$ is fairly high, and "close" is measured using $L_2$ distance, i.e., we want to minimize $||x-y||_2$. is there an efficient algorithm for this problem?
I can see how to solve this in polynomial time using linear programming if "close" were measured using $L_1$ or $L_\infty$ distance, but I'm more interested in the $L_2$ distance metric. I keep thinking there might be some algorithm based on identifying the set of inequalities that are violated by $x$ and then doing something, but I can't quite put together a working algorithm.
I found the following paper which describes an algorithm (exponential-time in the worst case but often efficient, like the simplex method):
Philip Wolfe. Finding the Nearest Point in a Polytope. Mathematical Programming, vol 11, 1976, pp.128--149.
However, that paper requires $\mathcal{C}$ to be presented as a list of vertices rather than a list of inequalities, so it can't be used for my problem. (Converting from inequalities to a set of vertices will cause an exponential blowup; typically the number of vertices is exponential in the number of inequalities.)
A quadratic program is an optimization problem where the goal is to minimize $y^T Q y + c^T y$ subject to $A y \leq b$. If $Q$ is positive definite, then this is a convex quadratic program and we can solve this problem in polynomial time using several methods, one being the ellipsoid method (originally due to Kozlov, Tarasov and Khachiyan [1]).
We can write $\|y - x\|_2^2$ as $y^Ty - 2x^Ty + x^Tx$. Thus an equivalent problem is $$ \min_y\ (y^Ty - 2x^Ty) \text{ such that } A y\leq b. $$ This is a convex quadratic program, since in this case $Q$ is the identity matrix, which is positive definite.
[1] The polynomial solvability of quadratic programming, USSR Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics, 20(5):223–228, 1980; Science Direct
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, the app can receive raw push notifications from WNS in real time and show them on the lock screen as either a badge update or a notification. When a raw push notification is delivered to a lock screen app, the app can run code in response to the notification. WNS use can be more power efficient than using network triggers available to Windows Store apps written in C++/XAML and apps using the .NET Framework 4.5 in C#, VB.NET, or managed C++ on Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2.
WNS offers a number of benefits:
 - WNS offers the most power-efficient mechanism for delivering real-time notifications to lock screen apps.
 - WNS simplifies the developer model for your app. In most scenarios, developers do not have to write any background tasks, because the operating system renders the tiles or toast. In a small subset of scenarios, if your app must run a background task, it needs to register the raw push notification and the background task to run.
 - No persistent socket connection needs to be maintained between the client app and a remote server because Windows maintains the connection to WNS. As a result, the overhead of sending keep-alive messages is not required.
 - A single WNS connection between the client and the cloud service can support all apps on the local computer, which translates to potential battery life efficiency for the client.
 - The operational cost may be reduced for the service on the server side because there is no need to maintain many parked TCP socket connections between the client and the remote service.
 - Your app does not have to reside in memory at all times, because it can be terminated and still have WNS update the tile, raise a toast, or trigger a background task to run upon receipt of an incoming raw push notification.
 - Background tasks that use raw push notifications can be written in JavaScript, C++/XAML, and using the .NET Framework 4.5 in C#, VB.NET, or managed C++ on Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2.
The network trigger feature using ControlChannelTrigger is not available in JavaScript.
Note ControlChannelTrigger is not supported on Windows Phone
Background networking that uses network triggers can only be written in C++/XAML, and using the .NET Framework 4.5 in C#, VB.NET, or managed C++ on Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012. For more information, see How to stay connected in the background.
WNS also has some limitations that may affect some apps. WNS is not available to a local computer that is connected to a private home or work network that blocks public Internet access. WNS can also be blocked by some network firewalls even when Internet access is available. There are some other drawbacks using WNS that may need to be considered. Specifically, notifications are delivered on a best-effort basis and there is no guarantee of delivery. The maximum size of the payload in a raw push notification is 5 kilobytes.
Given the advantages, we recommend that developers who build VoIP, IM, or email apps consider using WNS notifications for lock screen apps, but consider alternatives if they do not meet your requirements.
There is no need to build a lock screen app if you simply want to have a live tile update or raise a toast using WNS. A lock screen app is required while using WNS only when the app requires a raw push notification to trigger a background task to run.
Using time triggers or system event triggers in Windows Runtime apps
Lock screen apps can be configured to run code periodically using a time trigger with a minimum interval of 15 minutes. One example is needing to poll for new e-mail messages, possibly when an app is connected to a POP3 or IMAP email server.
Lock screen apps can also use a system event trigger to run code when the user logs on to the local computer (system trigger for session start). One example is signing in the user in to an instant message service when they start a user session, so instant messages can be received.
In this topic, we focus on building lock screen apps using raw push notifications with WNS or the network trigger feature. For more information on using a timer, see How to run a background task on a timer. For more information on background tasks, see Supporting your app with background tasks.
Background task and sandboxing
The lifetime of a background task is determined by the function that implements the background task. To ensure that background tasks do not adversely affect battery life, Windows enforces a limit in terms of CPU and network I/O resources an app can use during background tasks. Each app gets a quota of these resources on a periodic basis, and exhausting this quota suspends your app's background task. An app must be resilient to being suspended due to sandboxing.
For more information, see Supporting your app with background tasks.
Further steps
For more information on how to create a lock screen app to receive background network notifications that use raw push notifications, see How to create a lock screen app that uses background raw push notifications .
For more information on the process of registering a push notification channel and send it to your server, register a background task to activate from a raw push notification, and send a raw push notification to the channel and activate the background task, see How to use WNS to deliver raw push notifications to a lock screen app.
For more information on how to write a background task to receive background network notifications that use raw push notifications, see How to write a background task for raw push notifications.
For more information on guidelines and checklists for using raw push notifications, see Guidelines and checklist for raw notifications.
Related topics
Other resources
Adding support for networking
Background Networking
Badge overview
Guidelines and checklist for raw notifications
How to authenticate with the Windows Push Notification Service (WNS)
How to use WNS to deliver raw push notifications to a lock screen app
How to write a background task for raw push notifications
Lock screen overview
Push notification overview
How to create a lock screen app that uses background raw push notifications
How to stay connected in the background
Supporting your app with background tasks
Tile and tile notification overview
Toast notification overview
Transferring data in the background
Troubleshooting and debugging network connections
Reference
ControlChannelTrigger
HttpClient
HttpClientHandler
IXMLHTTPRequest2
MessageWebSocket
StreamSocket
StreamWebSocket
System.Net.Http
Windows.ApplicationModel.Background
Windows.Networking.BackgroundTransfer
Windows.Networking.PushNotifications
Windows.Networking.Sockets
Samples
Background task sample
Lock screen apps sample
Push and periodic notifications client-side sample
Raw notifications sample

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© 2014 Microsoft


text: The photoelectric response of pure silica glasses excited by excimer lasers has been studied. The samples were made under various conditions. Photoelectric polarization of samples due to the Dember effect has been registered. The signal was recorded under the conditions of a space charge limited current. The space charge resulting from the capture of electrons and holes creates a static electric field that prevents diffusion of released charge carriers. The current registration in the external circuit stops, despite the continuation of photoexcitation. This effect was used as a fact of measuring the photocurrent in the sample volume instead of the parasitic current that is not associated with the sample. The screen has been chosen to prevent the influence of a spurious signal. It has been found that charge carriers are released when excited in the spectral absorption range of localized states of silica. Based on the Dember effect, the sign of the photoelectric response shows the type of charge carriers – an electron or a hole is mobile. Thus, a sample containing aluminum without alkali ions gives a negative signal, which indicates the diffusion of electrons at 290 K, since aluminum is an effective hole trap. An oxygen-deficient sample at 290 K provides a positive signal indicating the diffusion of holes, because the center of oxygen deficiency is an effective electron trap. This sample at 100 K provides a negative signal due to the effective self-trapping of holes.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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- Does it hurt when dogs get stuck together?
- How do you know if mating is successful?
- How many days will a female dog let a male mount her?
- Why do female cats cry when mating?
- How long do dogs have to stay stuck to Get Pregnant?
- How long after dogs mate do they get pregnant?
- How many eggs does a female dog release?
- How long does it take for two dogs to get unstuck?
- Do dogs bleed the whole time they are in heat?
- Why can't dogs separate after mating?
- Will my dog get pregnant the first time she mates?
- Do dogs get pregnant every time they tie?
- How many times should dogs tie when breeding?
- Is there a morning after pill for dogs?
- How long do dogs stay stuck together?
- How do you get 2 dogs unstuck?
Does it hurt when dogs get stuck together?
While female dogs sometimes will start crying, whimpering, or even growling or barking, it's important to realize that this process is totally natural.
Unfortunately, separating them is not part of the natural process and can actually hurt both dogs and cause them unnecessary stress..
How do you know if mating is successful?
Allowing the male and female to have more than one mating session over a few days will ensure more chance of a successful mating. A sign of a successful mating is when the male and female readily accept each other and become "tied together".
How many days will a female dog let a male mount her?
From what I have read online, successful dog breeders let the male mount the female across a 3-day period. This will typically be on days 9, 11, and 13 of the cycle. Breeders will often separate the male and female once the mounting has occurred, to ensure a gap between the matings.
Why do female cats cry when mating?
Cats scream when they mate because of painful scratching from a male cat's barbed reproductive organs. Male cats may also yell in response to the female cat's noises. The noise is a natural reaction to stimulation critical for ovulation and getting pregnant.
How long do dogs have to stay stuck to Get Pregnant?
This phase typically lasts about 15 minutes, although it can last anywhere from a few minutes to up to an hour, during which time the male and female remain "tied" or "locked". Physically separating them can result in injury to either the male or female dog's genitalia.
How long after dogs mate do they get pregnant?
Pregnancy, also called the gestation period, normally ranges from 58 to 65 days with an average of 63 days. With a planned breeding, the date of mating should be carefully recorded. If there are two matings, make a note of the exact dates and expect birth to occur between 63 and 65 days later.
How many eggs does a female dog release?
The female dog must-have releases six eggs from the ovaries. Each of these six eggs gets fertilised and becomes zygotes.
How long does it take for two dogs to get unstuck?
Some dogs go through the whole process completely calm and manage to get unstuck already after 5-15 minutes. Others, especially if it's their first time mating, may take longer.
Do dogs bleed the whole time they are in heat?
Heat usually lasts between 2-4 weeks. Early in the cycle, a female dog may not be receptive to male dogs, although some are receptive through the entire cycle. It can be shorter or longer and you'll know the cycle is over when all her vulva returns to its normal size and there's no more bleeding or discharge.
Why can't dogs separate after mating?
Dogs get stuck during mating because of a process called a copulatory tie. … The male dog has an organ called the bulbus glandis, which is responsible for keeping him tied up with the female. The dog breeding tie basically keeps the semen secured inside the female dog.
Will my dog get pregnant the first time she mates?
A whopping 40% of female dogs will fall pregnant after just one mating session! That incredibly high number means you are at considerable risk of having a litter of unwanted puppies if you are not careful. Thankfully, there are still a number of relatively safe means to preventing pregnancy after mating.
Do dogs get pregnant every time they tie?
It is important to note that pregnancy can occur without a tie. Once tied the male dog will often step over the female or be turned by handlers into a position so that the animals are back to back.
How many times should dogs tie when breeding?
Answer: Once may be enough. However, to ensure that all of the eggs released by your Lab are fertilized, I always let my dogs mate every two days while the female will stand to be bred. Usually, it is 3 or 4 times.
Is there a morning after pill for dogs?
Mifepristone (RU486): This well-known drug acts as a progesterone antagonist. Small clinical trials have demonstrated that his drug is very effective in terminating canine pregnancy after 25-30 days of gestation, and without apparent adverse effects.
How long do dogs stay stuck together?
A tie is a natural phenomenon of dog breeding in which the bulbus glandis of the male's penis swells inside the bitch's vagina. The dogs are virtually locked together for 15-20 minutes (two to 30 minutes is also normal), during which time ejaculation has taken place.
How do you get 2 dogs unstuck?
What to do when the dogs get stuck and how to get dogs unstuck? Simply put, leave them be. It's a natural process, and it needs time. But if you notice that the dogs are tied for too long and that it's really too painful for them, stay calm and pet the female dog gently on the head.


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Healthy Choices Labelling in Scandinavia
Lisa Maria Garnweidner, Akershus/NorwayThe "keyhole" label has existed in Sweden since 1989. Its purpose is to make it easier to choose healthy food choices – as well as to stimulate the food industry to make healthy choices more available. Foods eligible to carry the keyhole symbol must fulfil certain conditions. These conditions cover criteria for fat quality, the maximum amounts of fat, salt and sugars, together with the minimum amount of dietary fibre and whole grain – in 25 different food groups.
Now that this system has been in operation for 20 years in Sweden, the health authorities in Denmark and Norway have agreed to use the keyhole label as a joint healthy choices label. The scientific nutritional background for the establishment of the conditions is provided by the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations. The criteria and food groups are under further regular development. Consumer research indicates that the popularity and recognition of the label is increasing in all three countries.
Simultaneously, the assortment of keyhole-labelled products is expanding. The successful implementation of the label alone is probably insufficient to prevent the onset of obesity and the risk of diet-related non-communicable diseases in the whole population. However, in combination with different national approaches, the implementation of the label can contribute to improved nutrition behaviour and knowledge.
Keywords: healthy choices label, nutritional value labelling, keyhole-label, consumer behaviour
Sie finden den Artikel in deutscher Sprache in Ernährungs Umschau 03/11 ab Seite 128.


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Views of stakeholders on career guidance services provided to pupils with hearing impairment at Nsonta secondary school in Kasama district of Zambia
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The study investigated the views of stakeholders on career guidance services provided to pupils with hearing impairment at Nsonta Secondary school in Kasama district of Zambia. The study was guided by the following study objectives: to establish views of stakeholders on how career guidance was being provided to pupils with hearing impairment at Nsonta secondary school, to assess teachers' ability to communicate in sign language during career guidance activities at Nsonta secondary school; to explore views of stakeholders on content of career guidance provided to pupils with hearing impairment at the study school, and to document views of stakeholders on the relevance of career guidance services provided to pupils with hearing impairment at Nsonta Secondary School. The study was qualitative in nature and used a case study design. Interview guides were used on a sample of 25 pupils with hearing impairment two career guidance teachers and six subject teachers. The sample was selected using purposive sampling techniques while analysis of data was done thematically. The study revealed that: career guidance services were mostly provided through one to one approach, in groups and industrial education visits. It was also confident that career guidance teachers dealing with pupils, were knowledgeable of sign language. Hence, communicated effectively with pupils with hearing impairment regarding information on career guidance. Among the content of the information shared were: comprehensive sexuality, time management, choosing a career, knowing one's ability, studying techniques and choosing right friends. In terms of relevance, learners with hearing impairment had conflicting views. While the majority of the pupils considered the guidance service they received from the guidance teacher as relevant, however, the study expressed concerns such as failure among other pupils to comprehend some of the topics and limitations in use of sign language by some teachers. The study recommended that, teachers have adequate knowledge and skills in sign language through Continuing Professional Development (CPDs) programs to communicate well with pupils with hearing impairment and for them to benefit from the career guidance services being currently provided in the study school.
The University of Zambia
- Education


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Harold is an Old English name, meaning "heroic leader", same as the title herald. Diminutives of Harold are Harry and Hal.*Several kings of Denmark, England and Norway were named Harald or Harold*Harold (d. 1168), child martyr and saint*Harold Arroyo, Puerto Rican boxer*Harold Bloom, American literary critic*Harold Craxton (1885–1971), British composer and pianist*Harold Faltermeyer (b. 1952 as Harold Faltermeier), German musician*Harold Ford, Jr. (D) U.S. Congressman, candidate for U.S. Senate*Harold Holt, Australian Prime Minister*Harold Houser, American admiral and 35th Governor of American Samoa*Harold La Borde, Trinidadian circumnavigator*Harold Lloyd, American film actor*Harold Macmillan, British Prime Minister *Harold Norse, American poet*Harold Perrineau, American actor*Harold Pinter (1930–2008), British playwright*Harold Wellman (_PHONE_), New Zealand geologist *Harold Wilson, British Prime Minister


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The graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat in a European country between 1979 and 2004. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparison where relevant.
The presented information obtained from the line graph is about the consumption of fish and some various sorts of meat in a European country for 25 years from 1979 to 2004. In general, there are some upward and downward trends unveiled throughout the figure noticed.
On the basis of the provided figure, it can be illustrated that the consumption of fish was evident almost 65 grams per person per week at the very first year of the picture. Then there was a slight decrease of that falling from about 65 grams in 1979 to nearly 50 grams in 1982 which consequently went down nominally 50 grams to nearby 45 grams.
On the other hand, chicken increasing slowly from almost 140 grams to about 170 grams and beef decreasing slightly from nearly 220 grams to approximately 175 grams in 1985 were legible around 140 grams and 220 grams in 1979. Then chicken rose with some fluctuations rising from 170 grams in 1981 to 250 grams in 2004 whereas beef went down with some oscillation falling from 175 grams to 110 grams between 1981 and 2004.
Interestingly, the similar trend was found regarding lamb as like as beef. In comparison with beef, which constituted approximately twice as much as Lamb in 1983.
To recapitulate, it can be said that while the European's people kept almost unchanged the use of fish, they increased too much in terms of chicken over time.


text:
During much of the Revolutionary War, New Windsor served as the major depot for the Continental Army and Army Medical Dept., the majority of Town residents supported the war efforts and its leaders.
In October 1782, the troops began to arrive and set up tents, while they began building their huts. This encampment or cantonment covered 1600 acres and quartered 6000-8000 men, women and children from New York, New Jersey, New Hampshire, Massachusetts and Maryland. Here this army built a log city of over 700 huts for the soldiers and many other out buildings, guardhouses, blacksmith shops, stable, kitchens and a hospital. In addition, a long building called the "Temple" was constructed. It was proposed by Rev. Israel Evans, Chaplain to the Army, that a structure be built for workshop services; hence, this structure was built.
In order to reward the fidelity and faithfulness of three soldiers, Gen.Washington ordered the establishment of an honor, the Badge of Merit be bestowed on them. Today, this honor is known as the Purple Heart.
In an effort to preserve this encampment, the Town of New Windsor acquired a 167 plus acre tract consisting of much of the former hut sites. Since 1936, the Town of New Windsor and the membership of the National Temple Hill Association have strived to ensure the preservation of this- the final winter encampment.


What are the different effects of different compression spring machines?
Update:25 Apr 2021
The compression spring machine can be loved or applied […]
The compression spring machine can be loved or applied by everyone. It must be because of its advantages. Because of its advantages at all levels, it is all relatively good. Let me inform everyone below.
Metal wires can be produced and processed into different products according to the compression spring machine, such as springs, artworks, and uniquely shaped products. The expansion of market demand has clearly put forward a large number of regulations on the appearance and type of products. Traditional Camshaft compression spring machines (that is, eight-jaw machines, or all-round machines) have long been unable to meet the requirements of customers. Therefore, in the basic development trend of camshaft compression spring machines, camshaft compression spring machines have been developed.
What is the difference between the two? Camshaft compression spring machine, with 8 engine camshafts on the control panel during work, and the 8 engine camshafts are driven by an AC servo motor. Then the camshaft of the engine camshaft driver rotates, and the camshaft then pushes the working guide rail to slide. Block movement. Because the 8 engine camshafts are separately moving, it is necessary to arrange the camshafts according to the product, so that the guide rail sliders in each work will perform the posture. Although it is not easy to create another posture on the steel wire, the whole process of work All the camshafts in the machine are always rotating. If the adjustment staff is negligent and the camshafts are not arranged, there will be a chance of knife collision.
The eight engine camshafts on the camshaft-free compression spring machine are all controlled by separate AC servo motors, so they can independently control the movement of each engine camshaft. The engine camshaft immediately drives the guide rail slider, and the master is adjusting the whole In the process, the angle of view of the camshaft is not arranged, only the computer system and the relative programming can be understood, thus greatly reducing the difficulty coefficient in the whole process of adjustment. Moreover, because it is operated independently, the 8 engine camshafts do not need to be moved separately, which also greatly reduces the power engineering cost. At the functional level, the camshaftless compression spring machine can consider the production and manufacture of more complicated metal material laser cutting processing.


What is RECOVER?
RECOVER (Real World Clinical Outcomes with Novel Modulator Therapy Combinations in People with CF) is a new research study that aims to look at the 'real world' impact of the new triple combination modulator (TCM), Kaftrio, in people with CF.
Why do we need to do this study?
Although clinical trials have proven that triple combination therapy is very effective for specific groups of people with CF, clinical trials are very controlled and highly monitored studies. Often things can be different in the everyday life, so it is really important to look at this also to prove that new medicines are effective. In addition, clinical trials look at a limited number of aspects of health outcomes, but in real world studies we have an opportunity to look at a wider array of outcomes that are important to people with CF.
Why is this study important?
New medications such as Kaftrio involve a significant investment on behalf of the state, and it is really important to be able to prove that the treatment is beneficial and value for money. Real world studies like RECOVER help to gather this information. Nowadays there are lots of new expensive therapies for rare diseases, all competing for limited health budgets. Providing high quality evidence for CF treatments will help us to maximise the likelihood of these treatments being funded now and into the future for people with CF.
What does RECOVER involve?
RECOVER will collect information both on routine outcomes already collected as part of standard care, such as lung function, infections, nutrition etc. but also novel and uncommonly used outcome measures. We will employ detailed measures of lung health such as lung clearance index (LCI), CT scans, exhaled nitric oxide and sputum inflammation. Abdominal complaints are common in CF – we will measure abdominal symptoms, bowel inflammation, pancreatic status and markers of liver disease. We want to also examine how people with CF remember to take TCM, and all other CF medicines after TCM has been started. Other aspects of RECOVER include looking at nasal inflammation, quality of life and how different genes might affect how different people respond to these new therapies.
Where is RECOVER taking place?
RECOVER is a truly international study. Funding for RECOVER comes predominantly from the US CF Foundation, with co-funding from CF Ireland and the UK CF Trust. The clinical sites for RECOVER are in Ireland and the UK (adult and paediatric), and we are working with collaborators across the UK and Ireland, Canada, Germany and the Netherlands. RECOVER does not have any relationship with Vertex Pharmaceuticals, the manufacturer of the TCM medication.
Who is involved?
RECOVER involves a team of leading CF specialists, scientists, data experts and representatives of people with CF. The team is lead by Paul McNally (Dublin) and Jane Davies (London), both pediatricians looking after people with CF. The team includes consultants in each of the clinical sites
Where do I get more information?
You can get more information about RECOVER by asking your CF nurse or consultant. The research team at your centre and one of the CF consultants are involved in the study and have more information. There are information leaflets for adults, parents of children, adolescents and young children.
Additionally, for further information and/or queries please contact us at _EMAIL_


Shelf Life of
How Long Does Salmon Last?
How Long Does Salmon Last?
Salmon Shelf Life
How long does salmon last? The shelf life of salmon depends on a variety of factors, such as the sell by date the preparation method and how the salmon was stored. Because of its abundance, mild flavor, appealing color, proven health benefits and concentration of protein, salmon is a great main dish choice. Salmon contains omega-3 fatty acids (also known as the good cholesterol) which are proven to lower the risk of heart disease and help with numerous other health problems. Salmon is the #3 best seller in the U.S. in the seafood category, topped only by shrimp (#1) and tuna (#2) for ten years running.
So, how long does salmon last? When properly stored, the shelf life of salmon past its sell by date is approximately …
Pantry Fridge Freezer
Past Printed Date Past Printed Date Past Printed Date
Fresh Salmon lasts for 1-2 Days 6-9 Months
Smoked Salmon lasts for 1-2 Weeks* 5-7 Days 6-9 Months
Canned Salmon lasts for 6-8 Months 6-8 Months 9-12 Months**
Cooked Salmon lasts for 5-6 Days 6-9 Months
Frozen Salmon lasts for 4-5 Days 6-9 Months
Of course, salmon lasts for a shorter period of time if it is not stored properly. But remember, salmon, like a lot of other proteins, usually has a sell by date and not a use by date or expiration date. Because of this distinction, you may safely use foods even after the sell by date has lapsed if they have been stored properly.
How to tell if salmon is bad, rotten or spoiled?
Practicing proper hygiene and food safety discipline will help prevent food borne illness. Although not a perfect test, your senses are usually the most reliable instruments to tell if your salmon has gone bad. Some common traits of bad salmon are a slimy, milky flesh (a thick, slippery coating) and a fishy smell. Although this is tricky because it is smelly and slimy by nature, these traits become more pronounced when salmon has gone bad and just opening the package of spoiled fish should alert your nose right away that something is wrong.
How to store salmon to extend its shelf life?
Proper food storage is the key to extending the expiration date of salmon. You can help salmon keep fresh longer by storing it in your refrigerator immediately after use. Once prepared, salmon should be stored in a tightly closed container to keep out moisture and other contaminants and returned to the fridge.
*Smoked salmon should only be kept in the pantry if it was purchased on the grocery shelf, if purchased in the refrigerator section it should be placed in the fridge at home. But once opened, both options must be placed in the fridge in a tightly sealed container.
**If freezing or refrigerating canned salmon, transfer the salmon to a freezer safe container first. Never freeze cans. They can be refrigerated only if they are unopened.
For a long-term option, you can freeze your salmon while preserving its taste if you use a freezer safe container. If you purchased your salmon frozen, be sure to keep it frozen until the day or day before you are going to use it.
Always defrost salmon in the refrigerator or still wrapped and submerged in a large bowl of cold water if you want to use it sooner.
How long is salmon good for when prepared in a dish?
How long does salmon last? That depends. How long does rice last? In general, foods lasts only as long as the quickest expiring ingredient in the dish. To find out how long those other ingredients are good for, please visit the Dairy, Drinks, Fruits, Grains, Proteins, Vegetables and Other sections of Eat By Date or search below!
Search the Shelf Life Guide!
What are our shelf life resources?
Our content for how long does salmon last incorporates research from multiple resources, including the United States Department of Agriculture and the United States Food & Drug Administration. In addition, we scoured the web for informative articles and reports related to food safety, food storage and the shelf life of salmon.
*An important note about expiration dates …
So, how long will food last? Let's find out!


text:
If you've detected, or been notified that requests to your site are resulting in an error you can utilize the Traffic Analytics dashboard when investigating.
Note: Always adjust the Dashboard Date – Time range depending on the timeframe you are investigating. By default the dashboard will always show the "last 1 hour".
From the Analytics Dashboard:
1. Locate the Response Codes category filter
2. Filter the 500 errors by clicking on 5xx:
You should now see all 5xx errors that were generated.
Common 5xx Server Errors
Below is a list of 5xx errors that you can see within the Yottaa portal. These errors are response codes generated by Yottaa and will display a Yottaa error page.
500 Internal Server Error:
Catch all error that reports unexpected conditions that prevented the request to be fulfilled.
503 Service Unavailable (Application Timeout):
Occurs when the server is unable to handle the current request. This can be due to scheduled maintenance or temporary overload.
504 Gateway Time-out:
Yottaa server was unable to receive a timely response from origin. This results in a network timeout.
Below is a list of other common 5xx errors that you may encounter. It is important to note that these errors will not generate a Yottaa error page, and will be handled client side, or logged via origin logs.
501 Not Implemented:
Occurs when the server does not recognize the request, or is unable to fulfill the request.
502 Bad Gateway:
The server is acting as a gateway or proxy, and received an invalid response from the inbound server while attempting to fulfill a request.
508 Loop Detected:
The server detected an infinite loop while processing the request
3. Use the graph to identify 5xx occurrences:
When did this occur?
Is this still an active concern?
4. Identify the impact of these response codes:
Who is affected?
Is it isolated?
5. Identify the URLs that are requested that result in the error:
What is affected?
What is calling the affected URL?
6. Identify the source of the error using the "Served From" Category filter:
Where is the response code served?
Note: Match up, or filter, by either Yottaa or the origin to get a view of what content is responded with an error from each environment.
7. Diagnosing these types of issues may take a collaborative effort involving Yottaa support. However investigating logs on the origin server may give the best results of what response is sent to Yottaa during the time of incident.


text:
- Strongly Support means you believe: Too few Americans have adequate health insurance. The government should make funds available for more complete coverage, or should expand existing government-run coverage to all citizens. A single-payer system would solve most healthcare problems.
- Support means you believe: The government should provide coverage or subsidize health insurance for at-risk groups such as children and the elderly. Society benefits when more people are covered. Universal health insurance is a good goal, although some market methods can work as well as government systems.
- Oppose means you believe: While more thorough health coverage is a noble
idea, further health coverage should be promoted through non-government means.
- Strongly Oppose means you believe: Nationalized health care would entail a government takeover of a large portion of the economy and undue intrusions into our personal medical histories.
Remove the federal government from the health care industry.
This question is looking for your views on how large a role the federal government should play in the health care industry. However you answer the above question would be similar to your response to these statements:
How do you decide between "Support" and "Strongly Support" when you agree with both the descriptions above? (Or between "Oppose" and "Strongly Oppose").
The strong positions are generally based on matters of PRINCIPLES where the regular support and oppose positions are based on PRACTICAL matters.
If you answer "No Opinion," this question is not counted in the VoteMatch answers for any candidate.
If you give a general answer of Support vs. Oppose, VoteMatch can more accurately match a candidate with your stand.
Don't worry so much about getting the strength of your answer exactly refined, or to think too hard about the exact wording of the question -- like candidates!
- Single-payer universal coverage
- Insure the millions of uninsured Americans
- Require coverage of all children
- Supported Obama's "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act" (PPACA)
- Strongly Support means you believe in the principle of single-payer government-run healthcare.
- Support means you believe in practical progress toward universal health coverage.
- Oppose means you believe in practical progress towards healthcare availability via the free market.
- Strongly Oppose means you believe in the principle that government should not be involved with providing healthcare.
HMOs & MANAGED CARE
- 'ObamaCare' refers to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) of 2010, which reformed healthcare insurance with the goal of near-universal coverage.
- Critics refer to ObamaCare as socialized medicine -- which could mean the government runs the healthcare system, as in the United Kingdom, but more accurately in the United States means that the federal government mandates individual health coverage.
- Individual Mandate: The crux of the opposition to ObamaCare is whether the federal government can mandate that individuals purchase health insurance -- that will be tested in a Supreme Court case late in 2012.
- 'RomneyCare' refers to the Massachusetts state version of mandated healthcare initiated under Gov. Mitt Romney -- its principal difference being a STATE mandate instead of a FEDERAL mandate.
- Opponents of ObamaCare suggest replacing it with the following list of reforms: cross-state purchasing; tort reform; Health Savings Accounts; small business pooling; and transparency for better patient choice.
- Tort Reform refers to changing the rules about civil litigation, typically to cap damage awards. In a political context, it usually applies to medical malpractice lawsuits, but in a legal context, it also applies to personal injury and product liability lawsuits. The term "tort" means "at fault;" when a doctor is found at fault, a jury can currently award unlimited damages. Awards in the millions of dollars put upward pressure on malpractice insurance rates; hence many conservatives favor tort reform as a means to reduce healthcare costs. Proposed solutions include capping lawsuit compensation or restricting "frivolous lawsuits." Trial lawyers--the recipients of legal fees from tort awards--heavily favor Democratic candidates, so Republicans would like to limit their legal fees.
- The Supreme Court decided the case "National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius" on June 28, 2012, on the constitutionality of ObamaCare's individual mandate. Justices Roberts and Kennedy were very skeptical that the mandate was justified under the "commerce clause." But the government's lawyer made a strong case for the government's taxing power—that argument eventually won the day—because the mandate would be administered by the Internal Revenue Service, paid on your Form 1040 on April 15th. The president had argued that the mandate was not a tax; the court decided it was.
PATIENT'S BILL OF RIGHTS
- Prior to ObamaCare, comprehensive national health care reform had died in Congress in 1994 (after a report by a commission run by Hillary Clinton, hence the moniker "HillaryCare").
- 16% of Americans (42 million people) have no health insurance (and hence must pay for health services in full, or receive hospital charity).
- 14% of Americans receive some form of public health care or health insurance (70% have private health insurance).
- 20% of Americans are members of Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs).
Congress and the Presidential candidates are debating a 'Patient's Bill of Rights' which would establish rules of dealing with HMO managed care. The buzzwords in this debate are:
MEDICAID / MEDICARE
- External Appeal: Patients cannot currently appeal an HMO's decision to deny coverage, even if the HMO doctor agrees with the patient. The 'Bill of Rights' would establish some form of expert appeal board external to the HMO.
- Medical Necessity: At issue is whether the doctor or the HMO management determines what is necessary. Determination of 'necessity' may become subject to expert review as well, or it may become measured against established standards of 'generally accepted practices.'
- Legal Liability: Patients would be granted the right to sue HMOs for medical costs and damages, which is not a right under current law. Generally, liberals supoprt the right to sue HMOs while conservatives do not. This is the primary distinction between Republican and Democrat versions of Patient Bill of Rights proposals.
- Scope of Coverage: Some states regulate HMOs in ways similar to those described here; a 'Bill of Rights' could apply to them, to all HMOs, or to all patients.
- Prevention: Advocating prevention implies support for removing government from health care, or opposition to more federal health care funding or national insurance.
- Consumer Choice: Advocating consumer choice or reduction in healthcare bureaucracy implies support for removing government from health care, or opposition to national insurance.
- Medicare and Medicaid background is covered in the Social Security section (but quotations are cross-referenced here).
- The Supreme Court ruled unanimously in June 1997 that there is no constitutional right to euthanasia, but that states can allow euthanasia without federal intervention.
- 'Euthanasia' means 'good death' in the context of terminal illness. Buzzwords:
- Passive Euthanasia: Hastening death by withdrawing life support.
- Active Euthanasia: Causing death in response to a request from that person.
The best-known examples are by Dr. Jack Kevorkian, who was found guilty of 2nd degree murder in March 1999.
- Physician Assisted Suicide: A physician supplies information and/or the means of committing suicide so that a patient can easily terminate their own life.
- Involuntary Euthanasia: A synonym for murder; used by anti-euthanasia activists.
- Right to Die: Establishing suicide as a civil right; used by pro-euthanasia activists.
- The state of Oregon passed a Death With Dignity law, which was active until the federal Department of Justice reversed its enforcement policy in November 2001.
- In Nov. 1998, 46 states settled the cases they had filed against the tobacco companies.
(The other 4 states had previously settled, on similar terms)
- Now, the state legislatures are debating the best use of the settlement funds, which totals $246 billion to be paid over the next 25 years
($5 to $9 billion per year starting in April, 2000).


Playback pattern sequences, C/C++ Programming
This task involves creating a new class(es) that will allow the system to playback pattern sequences using the Neo Freerunner hardware. The first thing to note is that the vibrator is treated similarly to how the phone views LEDs, meaning that the intensity of the vibration is determined by a number from 0 to 255 (brightness). Hardware on the Neo Freerunner can be read or written to by accessing special system files. The 'files' to access this hardware can be found in (these are easy-access symlinks):
/sys/class/leds/
In this directory you will find several special files that can manipulate its physical functionality (Linux: Device Files). An example of how to "Pulse" the Neo vibrator can be found inside the function SetVibrateNow within open source file:
/devel/qt-extended-4.4.2/devices/neo/src/plugins/phonevendors/neo/vendor_neo.cpp
The sample pattern files provided use the format of specifying the strength (0-255) and duration (milliseconds) of a single 'note' on each line of the file. For example, a file with:
150,1000
0,500
This means that the hardware should activate at a strength of 150 for 1sec, followed by nothing for 0.5secs. In the case of the LEDs, as there are three LEDs - the pattern file will be formatted as follows:
1,0,1,255,1000
1,0,0,255,500
1,1,1,0,1000 or 0,0,0,x,1000 (x can be anything)
1,1,0,255,1000
This means that, blue and red leds activate for 1sec, blue remains on for 0.5sec, no activity for 1sec, followed by purple (blue/orange) led for 1 second.
This module should only exist in PhoneBookDialog and can only be accessed by other classes using signal and slot connections made in PhoneBookDialog.
Posted Date: 2/22/2013 6:14:20 AM | Location : United States
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text:
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
|Statistics||SHARE CORE MendeleyBASE||
|Visualizar otros formatos: MARC | Dublin Core | RDF | ORE | MODS | METS | DIDL|
Leaf blade and petiole analysis for nutrient diagnosis in Vitis viniferaL. cv. Garnacha tinta
|Authors:||Benito Bermejo, Ana ; Romero, Izaskun; Domínguez, Natalia; García-Escudero, E. ; Martín Rueda, Ignacio|
|Publisher:||John Wiley & Sons|
|Citation:||Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 19(2): 285-298 (2013)|
|Abstract:||[Backgrounds and Aims] Leaf blade and petiole of the grapevine at different sampling times are normally employed for nutritional diagnosis. Both tissues were studied to determine their reliability for diagnosis at different stages of development and, also, the period of time, around the phenological stage of a reference, in which an analysis could be compared with this reference.|
[Methods and Results] Blades and petioles of Garnacha tinta grapevine were collected throughout the growing season for analysis of ten essential elements. In general, petioles showed greater variability between replicates for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, manganese and zinc, while iron, copper and boron presented greater variability in blades. Differences between consecutive sampling times suggested that references for complete cap-fall will be valid only until fruitset. Furthermore, petiole references at any time within veraison are valid at least until the beginning of ripening, while blade references for veraison are valid from the end of berry development until the advanced ripening stage for most nutrients.
[Conclusions] Diagnosis of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, manganese and zinc is preferable in the blade at complete cap-fall, fruitset and veraison, while the petiole is a better choice for iron and boron at both complete cap-fall and fruitset, and for boron at veraison. Calcium and magnesium at flowering or veraison, and iron at veraison, showed similar reliability for both tissues. Significance of the Study: This study contributes to identification of improved sampling strategies that improve the accuracy of grapevine nutrient diagnosis based on tissue analysis. © 2013 Australian Society of Viticulture and Oenology Inc.
|Publisher version (URL):||_URL_
|Appears in Collections:||(ICVV) Artículos|