Integrating with Labeling Using Webhooks
Motivation
A common usecase for Aquarium datasets is to identify problem labels and group them using issues, downloading a json or csv representation of an issue's elements, and then using scripting or a manual process to reformat the data to submit to a labeling service, whether an external vendor or an internal tool. By leveraging webhook configurations, the reformatting and submitting steps can be automated by a single handler. This allows an Aquarium user to directly send data to a labeling service directly from the UI without writing code each time.
The issue-exported event will POST the issue's elements to a webhook. A full schema can be found in the Event Schemas section of the general Webhooks page.
Schema with Example Map Keys
{
event: "issue-exported",
project: str,
issue: {
id: str,
elements: [{
dataset: str,
inference_set: str,
issue_name: str,
element_id: str,
element_type: "frame" | "crop",
frame_id: str,
frame_data: {
coordinate_frames: [{
coordinate_frame_id: str,
coordinate_frame_metadata: Optional[Dict],
coordinate_frame_type: str,
}],
custom_metrics: {
[custom_metric_type]: int[][] | float,
...
},
date_captured: str,
device_id: str,
geo_data: {
[coordinate_field]: float,
...
},
label_data: [{
attributes: {
confidence: float,
...
},
label: str,
label_coorindate_frame: str,
label_type: str,
linked_labels: str[],
uuid: str,
}, ...],
sensor_data: [{
coordinate_frame: str,
data_urls: {
image_url: str,
...
},
date_captured: str,
sensor_id: str,
sensor_metadata: Dict,
sensor_type: str,
}, ...],
task_id: str,
[user__metadata_field]: str,
},
}, ...]
}
}
Shaping the Webhook Payload To Send to Labeling
You can then use the elements in issue to create a new payload that is accepted by a labeling service; we've provided some sample code that serves a webhook endpoint and transforms an Aquarium payload to some common formats.
GraphQL
REST
GraphQL
server.py
from flask import Flask, request
import os
from python_graphql_client import GraphqlClient
AQ_WEBHOOK_SECRET = os.getenv("AQ_WEBHOOK_SECRET")
LABELING_API_KEY = os.getenv("LABELING_API_KEY")
LABELING_API_ENDPOINT = os.getenv("LABELING_API_ENDPOINT")
labeling_api_headers = {
# Replace with the proper API key header if any for your service
"Authorization": f"Bearer {LABELING_API_KEY}"
}
client = GraphqlClient(endpoint=LABELING_API_ENDPOINT, headers=labeling_api_headers)
# Replace with appropriate graphql mutation.
# In this example, the way to requeue a label is to remove it and mark as a template
relabel_mutation_fragment = """
mutation BulkDeleteLabels (
$projectId: ID!,
$makeTemplates: Boolean = true,
$labelIds: [ID!]) {
project (where: {id: $projectId}) {
bulkDeleteLabels (
where: {
id_in: $labelIds
},
makeTemplates: $makeTemplates,
waitForQueue: true
) {
count
}
}
}
"""
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route("/webhook", methods=["POST"])
def handle_webhook_payload():
# Optionally verify that the payload came from Aquarium
aq_secret = request.headers.get("x-aquarium-secret")
if aq_secret != AQ_WEBHOOK_SECRET:
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
payload_envelope = request.get_json()
if not payload_envelope:
msg = "no payload body received"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
if not isinstance(payload_envelope, dict) or not payload_envelope.get("event"):
msg = "invalid webhook payload format"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
event_type = payload_envelope["event"]
if event_type == "issue-exported":
if not payload_envelope.get("issue"):
msg = "webhook payload did not contain expected key: issue"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
_format_and_export_to_graphql_api(payload_envelope["project_name"], payload_envelope["issue"])
else:
msg = f"endpoint not setup to handle {event_type} events yet"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
return ("", 204)
def _format_and_export_to_graphql_api(project_name, issue):
label_ids = set()
for element in issue["elements"]:
if element["element_type"] == "crop":
label_ids.add(element["crop_data"]["uuid"])
else:
for label in element["frame_data"]["label_data"]:
label_ids.add(label["uuid"])
variables = {
"projectId": project_name,
"labelIds": list(label_ids)
}
client.execute(
query=relabel_mutation_fragment,
variables=variables,
)
if __name__ == "__main__":
PORT = int(os.getenv("PORT")) if os.getenv("PORT") else 8080
app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=PORT, debug=True)
REST
server.py
from flask import Flask, request
import os
import requests
AQ_WEBHOOK_SECRET = os.getenv("AQ_WEBHOOK_SECRET")
LABELING_API_KEY = os.getenv("LABELING_API_KEY")
LABELING_API_ENDPOINT = os.getenv("LABELING_API_ENDPOINT")
labeling_api_headers = {
# Substitute with the proper API key header if any for your service
"Authorization": f"Bearer {LABELING_API_KEY}"
}
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route("/webhook", methods=["POST"])
def handle_webhook_payload():
# Optionally verify that the payload came from Aquarium
aq_secret = request.headers.get("x-aquarium-secret")
if aq_secret != AQ_WEBHOOK_SECRET:
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
payload_envelope = request.get_json()
if not payload_envelope:
msg = "no payload body received"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
if not isinstance(payload_envelope, dict) or not payload_envelope.get("event"):
msg = "invalid webhook payload format"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
event_type = payload_envelope["event"]
if event_type == "issue-exported":
if not payload_envelope.get("issue"):
msg = "webhook payload did not contain expected key: issue"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
_format_and_export_to_rest_api(payload_envelope["project_name"], payload_envelope["issue"])
else:
msg = f"endpoint not setup to handle {event_type} events yet"
print(f"error: {msg}")
return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400
return ("", 204)
def _format_and_export_to_rest_api(project_name, issue):
relabel_frames = [


text: This paper investigates a performance analysis of wave excitation force prediction to extract wave power for a slider crank power take-off system (PTOS) based on auto regressive (AR) filters. To efficiently convert wave energy into electricity, the prediction of wave excitation forces to keep the generator and the wave excitation force in sync is important for maximum energy extraction. The study shows a prediction methodology of half period and zero crossings in the practical scenario of irregular ocean waves. The prediction has been tested for different wave periods and with different filter orders. The prediction results have been used in the PTOS simulation to analyze the energy extraction. It has been shown that the prediction accuracy in the wave half period between the truth data and the predicted data drives the WEC energy extraction efficiency. The amplitude of the wave force is not used and hence the prediction deviation in the wave force amplitude does not affect the PTOS energy extraction. Further analysis shows that the optimum energy can be extracted at 15th order filter with moderate prediction horizon length.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


when to rebuilt an engine
Automative
It can be a very stressful moment for car owners when an engine starts failure at the time of going to college, school or office. Because that is the time when you urgently need this. And it turns from stressful to sad when you are late to reach the destination and you come to know that you have to rebuild the engine.
To defend these kinds of situation you have to prepare yourself and your car engine. Read this article till the end and know what are the symptoms of engine overhaul and when to rebuild an engine. So you can rebuild before it totally gets damage and you will not face problems in the future.
Symptoms of Engine Overhaul
These symptoms you must keep in your mind that will help to indicate your engine requires a rebuilt process. You can know more here about the rebuilt engine.
Listen to The Sounds
If your car is creating some unusual noise you should not ignore this. A loud chanting sound that arises when you roll the automobile is never a good sign. This sound is often caused by collisions between the internal parts of the engine which will break soon.
Excessive Oil Consumption
Excessive consumption of oil is one of the most dangerous signs that you should not ignore. These problems are often linked to space between various engine parts because of worn engine parts. In these cases sometimes the engine starts emitting blue smoke.
Emitting of Excessive Smoke
Sometimes we don't pay attention to the tailpipes because they are in the back of the car. But you should investigate this. When you start the engine, ask your friend or family member to keep a sharp eye on you. And ask them later how this smoke was coming out. If they saw a cloud of dark black smoke or bluish smoke it might be a symptom of a faulty engine. In this case, you must rebuild your engine as soon as possible.
Excess Buring of Oil
Burning of oil is a symptom of internal damage to the parts or oil leakage. If your car producing lots of bluish smoke from the tailpipes, it might be a symptom of the burning of oil. And it's the only solution you know very well.
Look at your Valve
If you find compression loss and eliminated your head gaskets and pistons rings as the cause, turn your attention to the valve. Burnt exhaust valve or sticky valves will prevent a combustion chamber from fully sealing, causing a loss in compression. Remove your valve covers and check to see if the valves are fully closed using a caliper or detail indicator. If a fully closed valve leaks, it's properly burned.
Rebuilt If Compression Loss
If your vehicle is misfiring, you may suffer compression loss that will solely be repaired with the aid of rebuilding the engine. It happens due to worn out or broken timing belt or chain. To attempt the step you can use a compression tester.
Power Loss
Power loss is one of the most common and stressors sign for the car owners. No equipment needed to check this. You can fell it. If you feel your vehicle is not catching the speed like before, it could be is the power loss of the engine.
These are the symptoms that are trying to say and indicating, your engine is going to die soon. Before it damages the whole car, call the doctor for treatment. Mean call the mechanic for rebuilt the engine.
It was the topic, rebuild the engine when you see these symptoms. But most probably asked question is why rebuilt engine. While replacing is another good option.
Oil Sludge
If you notice oil sludge in your oil pan when you clean or replace the oil then you know your engine is not working properly. Oil or coolant sludge is not just nasty, but also a telltale sign that you will need an engine rebuild very soon. Sludge is wasted oil or coolant that is mixed in the oil causing it to thicken. Plus it can cause an issue that may make your engine not run very well.
Look at your Spark plug
Your spark plug says a lot of things about your engine performance.
The spark plug is a good way to tune your engine, adjust the air mixture, and check for detonation. And if the plug has a wet black deposit on the threated portion and plugs insulator, they may be telling you it's time to replace the worn-out piston rings or intake valve guide. In this instance, the wet deposits are caused by oil entering the combustion chamber.
Examine your Coolant
If you suspect a blown head gasket, examine your coolant.
If there is an unusual amount of coolant loss from your radiator, it's a sign that cylinder pressure is leaking into your cooling system. Carefully remove your radiator cap and look at the coolant surface with the radiator warmed up. If you see bubbles, that means cylinder pressure is leaking into your cooling system. If you detect gasoline or exhaust smell within the coolant, you probably have a blown head gasket on your hand. There are also combustion leak detection kits available to aid in realizing that hard to find blown head gasket.
Overheating problem
A car can overheat due to various reasons. Lack of coolant or the wrong coolant brand can cause the engine to heat up quickly. Also, a rushed radiator can lead to an overheating problem. An engine can also be overheated due to a fault in the gasket.
Why Rebuilt Engine
The first benefit of a rebuilt engine which is the favorite of almost all persons who are reading this. That is its low cost. Its price is lower than lower the new engine or remanufactured engine.
The second one is all components are inspected and cleaned, each part checked for a long period. You can know deeply about your engine.
And the third one is it is ecofriendly, rebuilding engine doesn't harm the environment like new.
If you want to know more about the rebuilt engine or want to rebuild click on red words.
Conclusion:
If you have any of these signs or even just one, it would be best to do an engine rebuild as soon as you can. Catching these issues early will be key in keeping your automobile running smoothly for a long time.
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text:
Relative susceptibility of cereals and pasture grasses to the yellow sugarcane aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae).
The survival and reproduction of Sipha flava on numerous cool- and warm-season grasses, legumes, and forbs was studied to establish the relative susceptibility of the host plants. S. flava survived on 21 of 21 warm-season grass species, 32 of 32 cool-season grass species, 3 of 19 legume species, and 1 of 4 species of forbs. However, final aphid means of some plant species were lower than the initial infestation. Based on aphid population development, Bromus mollis [Bromus hordeaceus], B. biebersteinii, B. marginatus, Agropyron dasystachyum [Elymus lanceolatus] and A. intermedium [E. hispidus] were the best hosts among the cool-season grasses. Echinochloa frumentacea, S. bicolor and Pennisetum orientale were the best warm-season grass hosts. Legumes and forbs were essentially non-hosts of the pest. In a separate but related test, the intrinsic rate of increase values (rm) of the aphid was determined on 8 species of grasses, Hordeum vulgare, Triticum aestivum, and S. bicolor. The rm values for the aphid were significantly higher on Bothriochloa caucasica, Dichanthium sp., S. bicolor and Digitaria ciliaris than on the other entries. Higher rm values were related to shorter prereproductive time, greater aphid fecundity, and increased longevity. The aphid had the lowest rm values on Sorghum halepense, Panicum virgatum and Andropogon gerardii.


text: Multimodal learning analytics (MMLA), which has become increasingly popular, can help provide an accurate understanding of learning processes. However, it is still unclear how multimodal data is integrated into MMLA. By following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, this paper systematically surveys 346 articles on MMLA published during the past three years. For this purpose, we first present a conceptual model for reviewing these articles from three dimensions: data types, learning indicators, and data fusion. Based on this model, we then answer the following questions: 1. What types of data and learning indicators are used in MMLA, together with their relationships; and 2. What are the classifications of the data fusion methods in MMLA. Finally, we point out the key stages in data fusion and the future research direction in MMLA. Our main findings from this review are (a) The data in MMLA are classified into digital data, physical data, physiological data, psychometric data, and environment data; (b) The learning indicators are behavior, cognition, emotion, collaboration, and engagement; (c) The relationships between multimodal data and learning indicators are one-to-one, one-to-any, and many-to-one. The complex relationships between multimodal data and learning indicators are the key for data fusion; (d) The main data fusion methods in MMLA are many-to-one, many-to-many and multiple validations among multimodal data; and (e) Multimodal data fusion can be characterized by the multimodality of data, multi-dimension of indicators, and diversity of methods.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Ultrasonic bath frequency is very important. Before we know the difference between ultrasonic bath frequencies, we should know what the corresponding frequencies mean.
Ultrasonic bath frequency
28KHz refers to the number of vibration per minute, which is 28,000
40KHz is the number of vibration per minute, which is 40,000
In the field of ultrasonic cleaning, the most common frequency one is 40 KHz, one is 28 KHz. Generally, the larger the bubble generated by the low-frequency acoustic wave, the stronger the cleaning force will be. And the more suitable for cleaning the surface, the high frequency sound waves generated by the bubbles are relatively smaller. But there are a lot more bubbles, will be more suitable for the cleaning of high precision products.
Ultrasonic bath frequency with 28KHz is often used to clean large, heavy parts or high density material workpiece.
Ultrasonic bath with 40KHz is usually used to clean smaller, more sophisticated parts, or to remove tiny particles.
At present, the household ultrasonic cleaner, as well as the commercial ultrasonic cleaner used more than 40KHz or 42KHz frequency. Because the machine is relatively small, and considering a cleaning range, 40KHz has much larger cleaning range han 28KHz.
For more information, please contact us freely at _EMAIL_ or visit our website at DK SONIC.


Paying attention to the corners and edges of a photograph can relieve distracting visual tension. Visual tension can be good or bad. The tension I'm referring to is the nagging and irresistible pull on your eyeball away from the subject to undesirable and distracting features. Not invariably, but often, these reside in the corners and edges. This response is hardwired and not learned, so we all experience it.
Here are some on-location tricks I use to mitigate visual tension:
 1. I use a tripod. It slows me down and allows me to really look, from corner to corner.
 2. I use a Hoodman loupe to carefully inspect the scene on the camera's LCD screen.
 3. If I see a distraction, I consider moving the object (for instance, trash or a dead branch) or moving my tripod.
 4. If using a zoom lens, I consider framing it differently.
At times, I either didn't notice the distraction or couldn't avoid it. This is where I implement plan B in post-processing:
 1. I consider deleting the image.
 2. I might crop the image to eliminate the distraction.
 3. I try to mitigate it with either a bright or a dark vignette.
 4. Alternatively, I may try a healing or cloning brush in Lightroom or use the spot healing content aware tool in Photoshop to eliminate it.
 5. I remind myself that the world and my photographs can't and shouldn't be perfect and consider which distractions stay or go.
 6. These actions are done nondestructively and I always have the original RAW file if I've gone too far.
 7. Finally, I revisit the original and processed images at a later time to make sure it was the photograph and not me that was the problem.
Golden Pavilion — Kinkaku-ji, in Kyoto
Not everything in the periphery is detrimental and some features can be compositional assets. The image below includes branches from unseen trees. They help frame the image and put the viewer into the scene. These branches are not dominant and do not draw unwanted attention. The leaves towards the bottom right are only partially seen and have no compositional or contextual purpose and distract.
I could have cropped the leaves out but chose instead to use the Content-Aware Spot Healing Brush tool in Photoshop. Total time invested is less than 15 seconds.
To summarize, check your edges carefully. In general, peripheral elements should be either fully in (included with intent) or possibly, completely eliminated, if they pull the eye away from the main subject or action. Knowing a few Lightroom or Photoshop techniques come in handy to eliminate unwanted distractions when they are unavoidable.


text: The Eagle Ford shale play is located in South Texas. It is approximately 50 miles wide and 400 miles long, running from the US-Mexico border north of Laredo extending for hundred miles to just north of Houston. It is located directly below the Austin Chalk. The formation is best known for producing variable amounts of dry gas, wet gas, NGLs, condensate and oil. The average thickness of the Eagle Ford shale is about 475 feet and it produces from various depths between 4,000 and 14,000 feet.


text:
< Browse to Previous Essay | Browse to Next Essay >
Chief Seattle's Speech
HistoryLink.org Essay 1427
: Printer-Friendly Format
In addition to his namesake city, Chief Seattle (178?-1866) is best remembered for a speech given, according to pioneer Dr. Henry Smith, on the occasion of an 1854 visit to Seattle of Isaac Stevens (_PHONE_). Stevens was governor and Commissioner of Indian Affairs of Washington Territory. He visited in January and again in March 1854. Chief Seattle's speech went unnoted in the written record until October 29, 1887, when the Seattle Sunday Star published a text reconstructed from admittedly incomplete notes by Dr. Smith.
Smith rendered his memory of Chief Seattle's speech in the rather ornate (to modern ears) English of Victorian oratory. Chief Seattle would have given the speech in the Lushootseed language, which then would have been translated into Chinook Indian trade language, and then into English. Smith's text is a necessarily filtered version of the speech and was certainly embellished by him.
Smith's reconstruction lacks corroboration in the written record, but it is far from implausible. Seattle was well respected among his own people and settlers as a powerful and eloquent orator in his native tongue. It is likely that he was present to meet Governor Stevens in January 1854. Stevens' assistant George Gibbs noted his presence during the March 11, 1854 meeting. Also, there are several accounts in pioneer records of Chief Seattle giving speeches to large crowds.
Frederick James Grant included Smith's text in his 1891 History of Seattle, Washington and Clarence B. Bagley reprinted a slightly altered version in his 1929 History of King County, Washington (Vol. I, pp. 114-116). Most significantly, Bagley appended a new close without explanation or attribution: "Dead -- I say? There is no death. Only a change of worlds."
Bagley's version was reprinted in Roberta Frye Watt's 1931 memoir, Four Wagons West. That same year, John M. Rich used the Bagley text in a popular pamphlet, Chief Seattle's Unanswered Challenge. The speech was revived in the 1960s, notably in articles by William Arrowsmith and Ted Perry (who introduced entirely new material), and these fabricated versions became something of a manifesto for human rights and environmental activists. The evolution of Henry Smith's text is analyzed in detail by Albert Furtwangler in Answering Chief Seattle, published in 1997.
The words themselves remain a powerful, bittersweet plea for respect of Native American rights and environmental values. The version below duplicates Dr. Smith's text as published by the Seattle Sunday Star on October 29, 1887, and as reprinted in Grant's 1891 History of Seattle, Washington. Furtwangler has merged the two texts since the sole copy of the extant newspaper version is damaged. (It now resides in Special Collections at the University of Washington Library.) The speech, along with Henry Smith's account of it, is reproduced here with all original punctuation and spelling.
Henry Smith's Account of Chief Seattle's Speech
"When Governor Stevens first arrived in Seattle and told the natives he had been appointed commissioner of Indian affairs for Washington Territory, they gave him a demonstrative reception in front of Dr. Maynard's office, near the waterfront on Main street. The Bay swarmed with canoes and the shore was lined with a living mass of swaying, writhing, dusky humanity, until old Chief Seattle's trumpet-toned voice rolled over the immense multitude like the startling reveille of a bass drum, when silence became as instantaneous and perfect as that which follows a clap of thunder from a clear sky.
"The governor was then introduced to the native multitude by Dr. Maynard, and at once commenced in a conversational, plain and straightforward style, an explanation of his mission among them, which is too well understood to require recapitulation.
"When he sat down, Chief Seattle arose with all the dignity of a senator who carries the responsibilities of a great nation on his shoulders. Placing one hand on the governor's head, and slowly pointing heavenward with the index finger of the other, he commenced his memorable address in solemn and impressive tones."
[Note: Native Americans believed that Washington was still alive and that King George was the ruler of England.]
Chief Seattle's Speech
"Yonder sky that has wept tears of compassion on our fathers for centuries untold, and which, to us, looks eternal, may change. Today it is fair, tomorrow it may be overcast with clouds. My words are like the stars that never set. What Seattle says, the great chief, Washington … can rely upon, with as much certainty as our pale-face brothers can rely upon the return of the seasons.
"The son [a reference to Terr. Gov. Stevens] of the White Chief says his father sends us greetings of friendship and good will. This is kind, for we know he has little need of our friendship in return, because his people are many. They are like the grass that covers the vast prairies, while my people are few, and resemble the scattering trees of a storm-swept plain.
"The great, and I presume also good, white chief sends us word that he wants to buy our lands but is willing to allow us to reserve enough to live on comfortably. This indeed appears generous, for the red man no longer has rights that he need respect, and the offer may be wise, also, for we are no longer in need of a great country.
There Was A Time
"When our people covered the whole land, as the waves of a wind-ruffled sea cover its shell-paved floor. But that time has long since passed away with the greatness of tribes now almost forgotten. I will not mourn over our untimely decay, nor reproach my pale-face brothers for hastening it, for we, too, may have been somewhat to blame.
"When our young men grow angry at some real or imaginary wrong, and disfigure their faces with black paint, their hearts, also, are disfigured and turn black, and then their cruelty is relentless and knows no bounds, and our old men are not able to restrain them.
"But let us hope that hostilities between the red-man and his pale-face brothers may never return. We would have everything to lose and nothing to gain.
"True it is, that revenge, with our young braves, is considered gain, even at the cost of their own lives, but old men who stay at home in times of war, and old women, who have sons to lose, know better.
"Our great father Washington, for I presume he is now our father, as well as yours, since George [a reference to King George III, i.e., Great Britain] has moved his boundaries to the north; our great and good father, I say, sends us word by his son, who, no doubt, is a great chief among his people, that if we do as he desires, he will protect us. His brave armies will be to us a bristling wall of strength, and his great ships of war will fill our harbors so that our ancient enemies far to the northward, the Simsiams [Tsimshian] and Hydas [Haidas], will no longer frighten our women and old men. Then he will be our father and we will be his children.
But Can This Ever Be?
"Your God loves your people and hates mine; he folds his strong arms lovingly around the white man and leads him as a father leads his infant son, but he has forsaken his red children; he makes your people wax strong every day, and soon they will fill the land; while my people are ebbing away like a fast-receding tide, that will never flow again. The white man's God cannot love his red children or he would protect them. They seem to be orphans who can look nowhere for help. How then can we become brothers? How can your father become our father and bring us prosperity and awaken in us dreams of returning greatness?
"Your God seems to us to be partial. He came to the white man. We never saw Him; never even heard His voice; He gave the white man laws but He had no word for His red children whose teeming millions filled this vast continent as the stars fill the firmament. No, we are two distinct races and must remain ever so. There is little in common between us. The ashes of our ancestors are sacred and their final restingplace is hallowed ground, while you wander away from the tombs of your fathers seemingly without regret.
"Your religion was written on tables of stone by the iron finger of an angry God, lest you might forget it. The red man could never remember nor comprehend it.
"Our religion is the traditions of our ancestors, the dreams of our old men, given them by the great Spirit, and the visions of our sachems, and is written in the hearts of our people.
"Your dead cease to love you and the homes of their nativity as soon as they pass the portals of the tomb. They wander far off beyond the stars, are soon forgotten, and never return. Our dead never forget the beautiful world that gave them being. They still love its winding rivers, its great mountains and its sequestered vales, and they ever yearn in tenderest affection over the lonely hearted living and often return to visit and comfort them.
"Day and night cannot dwell together. The red man has ever fled the approach of the white man, as the changing mists on the mountain side flee before the

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text: FISHSHOT is a documentary project about loneliness, emotional isolation, and sentimental repression in Finnish society. These problems go further when the people start drinking to fight against them. The excessive consumption of alcohol is present in more than half cases of suicide, homicide and gender violence. A problem rooted in Finnish society that causes, directly or indirectly, a huge number of deaths among the population. The consequences hurt a country well known for its high-quality life, surrounded by idyllic landscapes, cold and darkness.


[Nameplate] A Few Clouds ~ 93°F
Feels like: 103°F
Sunday, Aug. 2, 2015
Game and Fish discusses doe limit
Thursday, August 14, 2003
There seems to be some confusion over the number of does that may be taken during the upcoming deer season in Arkansas. A few hunters are asking about the implications of the one-doe limit in regard to special Arkansas Game and Fish Commission wildlife management area hunts.
The statewide doe bag limit is one. Even though a WMA and a Deer Zone are separate zones and may have different harvest restrictions, hunters cannot kill more than one doe combined, AGFC Wildlife Assistant Chief Doyle Shook said. "If you have already killed a doe by archery before a WMA hunt or before the zone doe-quota permit is valid, you cannot kill a doe during the WMA permit hunt, nor can you use the zone doe-quota permit."
Here's an example for hunters: If a hunter has killed a doe with a bow on Oct. 1 and he has a zone doe-quota permit for Deer Zone 11 or a WMA permit such as the one used at Fort Chaffee (which allows a hunter to take a doe or either sex), he is not allowed to take another doe because he has killed a doe during the archery season. No more than one doe can be taken in an individual's bag limit.
Another example: If a hunter kills a doe by a zone doe-quota permit and has a permit for a later either-sex WMA hunt, the hunter will have to buck-only hunt because he has filled his doe bag limit.
Statewide, the season bag limit is three deer. A season bag limit may contain two legal bucks and one doe. Hunters must obey zone and WMA restrictions and may hunt in different zones and WMAs as long as the statewide season bag limit is not exceeded.
In zones 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10 or 11, the bag limit is the same (two legal bucks and one doe) but before taking a doe a hunter must have a zone doe-quota permit. Zone doe-quota permits are not valid on WMAs that lie within the boundaries of zones 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10 or 11. The bag limit for archery is the same as the statewide limit. A zone doe-quota permit is not required to take a doe unless a hunter is in zones 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10 or 11 when a firearms deer season is open.
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text:
process. Further, we suggest that the dependence of the activity of PGN cells on the rate of calcium removal can be one of the key factors determining individual cell response to elimination of cortical input.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10827-_PHONE_-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Lateral geniculate nucleus; Perigeniculate nucleus; Cortical feedback; Calcium; Modeling


Ash Content ASTM D2584, D5630, ISO 3451
Ash Content analysis of plastics ASTM D2584, ASTM D5630, ISO 3451
An Ash test is used to determine if a material is filled. The test will identify the total filler content. It cannot identify individual percentages in multi-filled materials without additional test procedures being performed. An ash test cannot be used to determine the percent carbon fiber or percent carbon black since carbon burns off during the Ash test.
An Ash test involves taking a known amount of sample, placing the weighed sample into a dried / pre-weighed porcelain crucible, burning away the polymer in an air atmosphere at temperatures above 500°C, and weighing the crucible after it is has been cooled to room temperature in a desiccator. Ash residue remaining in the crucible is considered filler unless the residue is less than 1%. Residues of less than 1% are typically the result of additives that did not burn off.
The Ash test result is expressed as % ash. A magnified optical examination of the ash residue is performed to determine if the ash is glass, mineral, or a combination of both. The total ash content equals the weight of the ash divided by the weight of the original sample multiplied by 100%.
Specimen size:
Six grams of sample is typically used, which represents three crucibles each containing two grams of sample. Smaller sample weights can be tested but accuracy diminishes with smaller sample sizes.
Typically the average of 3 crucibles is reported.
Further Analysis:
Identification of Filler
Smaller sample sizes:
TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis) is an alternative method to determine filler content with smaller samples sizes.
Need help or have a question? _PHONE_
Need help or have a question?
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Wilton UK:
+44 1642 435 788
+31 88 _PHONE_
+65 6805 4800
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text:
Vivonics has developed an array of sensors and devices to measure and monitor key vital signs both for patients and for healthy individuals
Creating new physiological monitoring systems requires not only the knowledge of multiple engineering disciplines, including electrical, software, and materials; but it also requires an acute understanding of the underlying physiology. Vivonics is ideally poised to make a positive impact in this field due to our diverse and knowledgeable staff.
Vivonics has developed several novel systems for noninvasive sensing and physiological monitoring. Of particular note, we have developed methods and systems for measuring parameters that previously could only be measured with invasive sensors, and we have created unobtrusive sensing systems that not only monitor multiple physiological signals at once, but assemble and analyze the available information, presenting useful parameters to the caregivers in a simple and robust display.
Wearable patch for monitoring physiological data of combat casualities
Novel Catheter Guidance System for RF Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias
Detecting physiological signals during military training
Measuring intracranial pressure in the field
Portable measurement of VEP to support brain health evaluation.
The AIX monitors vascular tone to help paint a picture of patient health.
The hydrocephalus shunt flowmeter is the first fully implantable device that can accurately measure the draining rate of cerebrospinal fluid


Wyn Enterprise User Guide
Wyn Enterprise: Connect to IBM DB2 iSeries/AS400
To create a IBM DB2 iSeries/AS400 data source in Wyn Enterprise, follow these steps.
 1. On the Resource Portal, navigate to Create (+) > Create Data Source.
 2. Select DB2 iSeries/AS400 in the data source list on the left or in the icon view on the right.
 3. Fill in the database configuration information for the selected data source.
Field Description
Name* The name for the data source that you want to specify.
Server* A server name or address.
Port * A port number, the default is 446.
User* A user name to connect to the IBM DB2 iSeries/AS400 database.
Password* A password of the IBM DB2 iSeries/AS400 user.
Database* Enter the server IBM DB2 iSeries/AS400 instance name.
Use Configuration String (Advanced) Use this option to connect to the data provider through a connection string. The format for the connection string is:jdbc:as400://myServerAddress:mySeverPort/myDatabase;user=myUser;password=myPassword;
Use Table/Field Name Mapping If you check this option, you can either import a CSV file or manually enter the display names for the required tables or fields in the Mapping dialog. In case of the RDBMS databases, you can also import the name mapping information from another database. For more information on mapping table and column names, visit this topic.
* Required fields
 1. Verify the DB2 connection by clicking Test Connection. If the data source is available, and the credentials are correct, you receive a notification on successful connection.
 2. Click Create after the connection is successful.
 You can view the added data source in the Categories tab of the Resource Portal.


The level 9 spell imprisonment states that
But the spell does not state if this creature can be injured or killed during this state.
Does this mean if a wizard decides to imprison a creature, another creature can kill or whittle away at the imprisoned creature?
By RAW - yes, but it depends on the form of imprisonment
Firstly, rules-as-written describe the spell Imprisonment fundamentally as a restraint, not something that grants immunity to damage or death:
Given the context of the forms of imprisonment (burial, chaining, hedge prison, etc.) it's clear that the purpose of removing the requirement to eat, breathe and age is to keep the prisoner alive in the context of the prison itself. This doesn't necessarily mean the prisoner can't be harmed by other means. (Just like a "regular" prisoner, who is sustained by the infrastructure of the prison, can still be beaten up or killed by the wardens or fellow inmates).
Form of Imprisonment
That being said, the ability to actually access the prisoner in order to do them harm depends heavily on which form of the Imprisonment spell you choose to use:
Slumber and Chaining keep the prisoner easily accessible, and within the reach of a convenient beating/smackdown. These are essentially souped up versions of Sleep and Hold Person.
Burial, Hedged Prison and Minimus Containment specify quite explicitly that it is near-impossible to physically access the prisoner (perhaps not without a Wish spell and some generous DM-ruling).
 - \$\begingroup\$ Could the hedged prison in & of itself be damaging to the creature(s) so imprisoned? (a water creature being imprisoned in a demiplane of fire, lacking an air supply, drains the level of those contained therein, etc). In terms of the minimus containment, would the gem be able to be used for another purpose (casting a spell, which would consume the gem in the process). Also, the terms of the imprisonment breaking could be creative, such that the moment it ended, it would spell death for the creature so contained (lava, deep underwater, far above the clouds & have them drop to their death!) \$\endgroup\$ – Jesse Cohoon Aug 7 '16 at 18:37
 - \$\begingroup\$ _USER_ That is a different question (possibly two or three different questions) from the question here, which is about whether others can physically attack an imprisoned creatures. Since those are different questions, the answer shouldn't be expected to or prodded to answer them. You should ask them as a separate question(s). \$\endgroup\$ – SevenSidedDie Aug 8 '16 at 16:37
Your Answer


text:
RCAST Scientists Demo Method to Use Quantum Entanglement to Detect Magnetic Excitation
(SciTechDaily) Scientists from the Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) at The University of Tokyo demonstrated a method for coupling a magnetic sphere with a sensor via the strange power of quantum entanglement. They showed that the existence of even a single magnetic excitation in the sphere could be detected with a one-shot measurement. This work represents a major advancement toward quantum systems that can interact with magnetic materials.
In the experiments conducted at RCAST, a millimeter-sized sphere of yttrium iron garnet was placed in the same resonant cavity as a superconducting Josephson junction qubit, which acted as the sensor. Because of the coupling of the sphere to resonant cavity, and, in turn, between the cavity to the qubit, the qubit could only be excited by an electromagnetic pulse if no magnetic excitations were present in the sphere. Reading the state of the qubit then reveals the state of the sphere.
"By using single-shot detection instead of averaging, we were able to make our device both highly sensitive and very fast," Professor Yasunobu Nakamura explains. "This research could open the way for sensors powerful enough to help with the search for theoretical dark-matter particles called axions."


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What is an RPM?
an RPM defined
RPM is an abbreviation for Revolutions Per Minute. In the automotive industry the term RPM is used when referring to a motor vehicle's engine speed. The tachometer is an instrument that is able to measure the speed of rotation of the internal combustion engine's crankshaft at a given moment. The rate of rotation of an internal combustion engine's crankshaft varies on how much power is required from the combustion process. Therefore RPM is the amount of revolutions the crankshaft in an internal combustion engine experiences in 1 minute.
The faster the engine's crankshaft rotates, the higher the RPM will be. And generally speaking, the faster the crankshaft rotates, the closer you'll get be to an engines maximum torque and horsepower output.
Technology and engine design is improving all the time. As a result, the internal combustion engines are becoming – not only more powerful – but the engine crankshafts are able to rotate/spin at higher speeds more smoothly and safely. Eight thousand rpm is a limit becoming common place for a number of engine designs to spin their crankshaft freely up to. It might just be a matter of time before passenger cars will run freely to 10 000 rpm and beyond – territory currently reserved for racing cars. We hope that helps answer the question 'What is What is an RPM?'!
Back to Car Glossary


text:
Reinhard Mohn Prize 2011
Recife, Brazil: Participatory budgeting guides school and city development
In Recife, Brazil, members of the public have been getting involved since 2001 to help determine how their city develops. Out of a population of 1.6 million people, more than 100,000 adults and young people join local forums or make themselves heard via Internet each year to determine policymaking goals, suggest new programs and monitor implementation of municipal activities.
The city also organizes forums on specific issues that allow residents to set priorities in 15 different policymaking areas such as culture, education, and senior and youth services. Every other year, moreover, school students join in to make suggestions for improving their educational experience and to help turn their ideas into reality.
Throughout the year, city employees and volunteers in each of the city's neighborhoods encourage people to get involved. Recife's residents elect delegates, for example, who monitor participatory processes from start to finish and who even help determine the city's budget.
Since the city's participatory budgeting system was established in 2001, almost 5,000 projects have been selected by ordinary citizens, with a majority of the committed funds going to poorer neighborhoods. According to statements made by Recife's residents, the situation has improved markedly thanks to the participatory measures, particularly for disadvantaged groups.


text:
Haynes, Roger (1995) Infrared fibres in astronomical instrumentation. Doctoral thesis, Durham University.
For several years multi-object spectroscopy systems have been available for carrying out survey work in the visible region, but until very recently there has not been a system for the near infrared region. This thesis describes the design, manufacture and commissioning of the first multi-object fibre system for near infrared spectroscopy. SMIRFS (Spectroscopic Multi-object Infrared Fibre System) is a prototype system that has been designed at the Department of Physics in Durham to couple the Cassegrain focus of the United Kingdom InfraRed Telescope (UKIRT) to a cooled long slit infrared spectrograph (CGS4). Two different fibre bundles are available, each containing 14 fibres. One bundle is made from zirconium fluoride fibres, for K band spectroscopy and the second bundle is made from silica fibres, for J and H band spectroscopy. During the design process of SMIRFS a number of issues were addressed. These included; the characteristics of infrared fibres, in particular their throughput and FRD, atmospheric features in the near infra-red and suitable sky subtraction techniques, fibre preparation and evaluation, the use of microlenses for coupling slow focal ratio beams with fibres, and the thermal emissions from the warm material of the instrument. These, along with the design, manufacture and testing of the SMIRFS are described in detail, including the fibre evaluation results and estimates for throughput, instrument thermal background derived from the commissioning run data. Finally, there is a brief discussion on the development of infrared fibre system for astronomy.
|Item Type:||Thesis (Doctoral)|
|Award:||Doctor of Philosophy|
|Copyright:||Copyright of this thesis is held by the author|
|Deposited On:||24 Oct 2012 15:11|


text:
Seasonal and diurnal variations in moisture, heat and CO2 fluxes over a typical steppe prairie in Inner Mongolia, China
Abstract. In order to examine energy partitioning and CO2 exchange over a steppe prairie in Inner Mongolia, China, fluxes of moisture, heat and CO2 in the surface layer from June 2007 through June 2008 were calculated using the eddy covariance method. The study site was homogenous and approximately 1500 m×1500 m in size. Seasonal and diurnal variations in radiation components, energy components and CO2 fluxes are examined. Results show that all four radiation components changed seasonally, resulting in a seasonal variation in net radiation. The radiation components also changed diurnally. Winter surface albedo was higher than summer surface albedo because during winter the snow-covered surface increased the surface albedo. The seasonal variations in both sensible heat and CO2 fluxes were stronger than those of latent heat and soil heat fluxes. Sensible heat flux was the main consumer of available energy for the entire experimental period. The energy imbalance problem was encountered and the causes are analyzed.


text:
Station Database of the Environmental Agency
You want to know where in your environment the air quality is being measured? You know a measuring station and you are interested in the measuring program?
You will find those data in the station database. The employees of the network carriers of the federal states and of the Environmental Agency provide the data of all air measuring stations in Germany.
By the assortment in the navigation list you find the stations of the federal states or of your home town.
Over the advanced search, you can quickly find the measuring program of single stations. There you can also search specifically which air pollutant is being measured where and since when.


text:
Proc. IEEE MILCOM 2010 conference
This paper considers iterative decoding of two-level superposition codes used in cooperative broadcasting over wireless networks. The coding scheme consists of two low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes combined using Plotkin's |u|u + v|-construction and provides two levels of error protection. Coding for cooperative broadcasting differs from conventional single-source broadcast coding. Instead of binary addition of subcode codewords performed by a single-source encoder, in superposition coding two modulated subcode sequences, produced by two coordinated and independent sources, are combined at the antenna of the receiver. Expressions are derived for the bit metrics, or log-likelihood ratio values, used by an iterative decoder for two-level superposition coding schemes based on BPSK, QPSK and 4-PAM modulated sequences. It is shown that conventional equal-energy 4-PAM constellations do not work well with two-level superposition coding. A solution is proposed in which 4-PAM constellations of different levels of average energy are used.
Robert H. Morelos-Zaragoza. "On Iterative Decoding of Two-Level Superposition Codes for Cooperative Broadcasting Based on QPSK and 4-PAM Constellations" Proc. IEEE MILCOM 2010 conference (2010): 1-5.


How To Do safer downloads (Updated 2021-06-24)
Hello,
 - OpenMandriva Lx version:
 ALL
 - Desktop environment (KDE, LXQT…):
 ALL
 - Description of the issue (screenshots if relevant):
 Downloads get interrupted sometimes. Especially frustrating for larger downloads like ISO files.
 - Relevant informations (hardware involved, software version, logs or output…):
In Konsole first cd to the directory where you want to download an ISO file then choose one of the following commands:
$ aria2c -c -m 0 _URL_
$ wget -d -c --tries=0 --read-timeout=30 _URL_
$ curl -L -C - _URL_
This post expands on the curl command and exlains the options in the command string.
Normally you would download as user not as root.
$ curl -L -C - _URL_
Here is what the options mean :
Option What It Does
-L Some URLs redirect to some other sites. This option tells cURL to obtain the file from that redirected location.
-C – This option is for telling cURL to resume download and the dash ("-") that follows it is to automatically detect the size of the file to continue downloading.
1 Like
This post expands on the aria2c command and exlains the options in the command string.
Normally you would download as user not as root.
$ aria2c -c -m 0 _URL_
Here is the explanation of each options used in the above command :
Option What It Does
-c Tells aria2c to resume downloads
-m 0 This option will make aria2c retry downloads for unlimited times. Some servers tend to break connection after some time. But, this option makes aria2c to auto retry when such things happen.
1 Like
This post expands on the wget command and exlains the options in the command string.
Normally you would download as user not as root.
$ wget -d -c --tries=0 --read-timeout=30 _URL_
And here is the explanation of the options used :
Option What It Does
-d Tells wGet to Download the File
-c Tells wGet to resume download
–tries=0 Tells wGet to retry connections unlimitedly when it is interrupted.
–read-timeout=30 If no response is received in 30 seconds, exit and establish a new connection
Have fun downloading
2 Likes
Thread updated and simplified 2021-09-19.


Weight Loss Tips from Pilates Rockhampton
Weight Loss Tips from Pilates Rockhampton
Everyone agrees cardio exercise is an excellent way to burn calories and improve your physical and mental health. Furthermore, resistance or weight training is especially important to tone muscle to keep your metabolism high. Distinctively, Pilates Rockhampton Reformers Classes gives you a great combination of both cardio and resistance training. Additional weight loss tips include:
1. Drink Water, Especially Before Meals
Studies have also suggested drinking water before meals helped you eat fewer calories and lose up to 44% more weight.
2. Use Smaller Plates / Portion Control
Trick the mind into eating fewer calories with less on the plate!
3. Make the effort to have healthy, on the go snacks available for the week
A little effort and planning can prevent the guilt that comes after an unhealthy splurge.
4. Brush Your Teeth After Dinner
Less likely to be tempted to have a late-night snack.
5. Eat Spicy Foods
Spicy foods like can boost metabolism and reduce your appetite slightly.
6. Avoid Sugary Drinks
Studies show that liquid sugar calories may be the single most fattening aspect of the modern day diet.
7. Eat Balanced
Carbs, protein, fibre, fruits and vegetable all play a part.
8. Sleep Well
9. Don't Diet, Be Healthy Instead!
Finally, surround yourself with people and activities that keep you motivated and happy. Add Pilates Rockhampton to your "To Do" list today!


text:
Johannes Gutenberg famously invented the printing press in order to print the Bible and make the word of God more widely accessible. Since then, Christians have often been quick adopters of new technology and so it's somewhat surprising that there hasn't been a podcast that reads the entire Bible to you. Into that Bible shaped hole comes The Bible Recap hosted by Tara-Leigh Cobble, a daily podcast that aims to read through the entire Bible in a year and since its first episode on January 1 has reached over 2 million downloads.
The podcast is an extension of D-Group, a nationwide community-focused Christian discipleship group with dozens of locations all across the U.S. and scattered across four other continents as well. Tara-Leigh founded the group ten years ago in someone's living room out of a desire to read the Bible more and to have others come alongside her and hold her accountable in her passionate pursuit of joy in knowing who God is.
D-Group has always encouraged daily Bible reading for its members, but Tara-Leigh discovered that a lot of them weren't connecting with the text or its overall meta-narrative. Her idea to solve this problem was to teach through the Bible day by day following the story chronologically so it can be more plainly seen how it fits together. She reasoned that daily devotionals take things out of context and "you get a bite-sized chunk that makes you feel good about yourself, but you don't have any idea what the verses were saying in their original context."
D-Group and the Bible Recap follow a one-year chronological reading plan on the Bible app that is available in many languages. Tara-Leigh says its a great way for people around the world to do the same Bible reading plan, no matter what language they speak, or what version they read, as long as they have a smartphone or a computer. They even have a printable version for older people and for those without access to technology so they can see in advance what they're going to read.
The response to the podcast has far surpassed her modest expectations and is now much bigger than D-Group in size and influence. Tara-Leigh has heard that entire churches and Christian schools are doing it together, homeschool parents are reading it to their kids, husbands and wives are following along and "just all kinds of cool connections that we didn't anticipate" she says.
Tara-Leigh says she was very surprised that there wasn't another podcast already doing this. She found some that do similar things like recapping a Bible story or teaching on a theme from scripture and she's happy to link to those other podcasts in the show notes, but no one was doing a daily Bible reading podcast. After discovering the exhausting workload involved she says can begin to see why. She says that the seven minutes a day of the average episode translates to about five to six hours of work for her and the ten person team every day. That time is not only writing, recording, editing and producing but research as well. To prepare she usually reads the days passage in different versions of the bible like the ESV and Matthew Henry commentaries as well looking through Greek and Hebrew resources when she comes to a section she can't understand. One website that she's found particularly helpful is called the Blue Letter Bible because its easily searchable and it'll even pronounce words for you.
The show doesn't merely talk through the Bible like an audio book, Tara-Leigh tries to examine the passage in context and from it what we can learn of the nature of God. She calls it a "God shot".
I wanted this to be different from a lot of daily Bible reading plans that always end with an application of how you should apply the lessons you've learned. They're usually something about what does it tell you about your life and how you should live. I just feel like that's a broken lens through which to view scripture. The primary role of Scripture is to show me who God is, and if I behold God then my life will naturally begin to conform around what I learned about him.
She says that a lot of Christians are trying to live their life by a to-do list or a moral code of a God they don't even know or love and that's why she ends each episode with the God Shot of the passage. "What did you learn about God?", she wants to know. "What does he love? What does he hate? Why does he do what he does? What does he say about himself in this text?" Her goal is for listeners to stop looking for themselves and start looking for him.
Originally the team wanted to call this the "God filter" using Instagram terminology but she says that the God filter would be what you're seeing through, not what you're seeing. She wanted the listeners to think about the content of the thing that they're looking at and not at the filter they're putting over it. She says that "God shot" jumped out at her as the picture of God that you took that day and what you saw about God's character. She's been greatly encouraged by the response to it, because they're saying things like, "I've never looked for God in scripture. I've always looked for what I'm supposed to do."
I think it's so in our culture, the whole idea of us accomplishing great things, and us living our dreams, and all that is, can be really debilitating. It puts too much focus on such a small story. God's story is so much bigger than any individual human, and I think it puts a lot of weight on me if I'm trying to live some great life or live my dreams. That is such a small thing to focus on right? When you find out it's not about you it frees you to fail or frees you to succeed without becoming prideful and arrogant.
One of her daily challenges is trying to assume what people's questions and frustrations might be and so she has to put herself into the mind of a first time Bible reader and what would they want her to address. To figure this out she starts by seeking the Lord for wisdom and direction and still she doesn't always hit the mark which is why she does a reflection and correction episode at the end of every month to recap what they've talked about and to go over or correct anything she's missed or misspoken on.
As every serious Bible student knows, there are a lot of passages that don't seem to make a lot of sense to our understanding, like when the Ark of the Covenant was being transported by laypeople and not priests, and one of them touches it and falls down dead. The Bible Recap doesn't shy away from discussing those passages and Tara-Leigh says she doesn't want it to be like a "Well God is good so let's just accept it" kind of thing. She takes the time to talk through with the listener how harsh it might sound and uses her God shot to zoom out and tries to engage with the troubling section as best as she can. "I want to honor the fact that there's tension," she says.
"I can't wait to see how you handle the book of Revelation," I tell her.
"Me too!" she says with a laugh.
New episodes of The Bible Recap are available daily and will finish recapping the Bible on December 31 and repeat after that with bonus content TBD


text:
Which of the following is a circuit in the ground amplifier section?
a. Battery charger (NiCad).
b. Paddle pick-up filter.
d. Memory addressing.
You want to completely bypass the battery as soon as the defibrillator is plugged into
the ac outlet. Where are the circuits located that control this function?
b. Battery charger (NiCad).
Floating power supply.
d. AC power supply.
Which of the following is a function of the magnetic deflection circuit?
a. Error amplifiers and circuits deliver a push-pull pulse width modulated signal to
the power field.
b. Applies the full negative bias to grid one of the CRT which cuts off its beam
Runs the monitor and chart recorder totally independent from the battery.
d. R231 can control the deflection signal amplitude.


text:
How Asphalt can be Used for Solar Power
Research has shown that asphalt can be used to harness solar energy. In this scheme, the asphalt works as a solar panel by absorbing heat from the sun. The many miles of asphalt roads that we have can be used as solar panels. To harness electricity from the asphalt, metal pipes are run under the asphalt that carry water. The water absorbs the heat from the asphalt and is used in one of two ways. The heated water can be carried to buildings to supply hot water. The heated water can also produce electricity by being passed through a thermoelectric generator. Asphalt solar energy is in the early stages of development. Two small asphalt solar energy systems have been successfully used in the Netherlands to generate energy.
Harnessing Asphalt Energy
The Worcester Polytechnic Institute is experimenting with new ways to improve upon using asphalt to harness solar energy. Combining additives with the asphalt to increase the amount of heat absorbed by the asphalt could increase solar energy production. Finding optimum materials to use for metal piping that transfers the water could result in the solar energy being used more efficiently.
Cost of Asphalt Solar Energy
The cost of building the asphalt solar energy system would be minimized by building the system in stages. As roads went under construction for normal repairs, as they usually do approximately every ten years, they would be converted to the asphalt solar energy system. Since all of the roads would not be done at the same time, the expense would be spread over a period of time. Spreading the costs over a period of time would make the system more financially feasible to construct.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Apshalt solar Power
Asphalt energy is simply solar energy. Solar energy is a clean and renewable source of energy that does not emit pollution. The benefit of using asphalt over solar panels is that the asphalt is already in place and land does not have to be devoted to solar panel placement.
A potential drawback is the use of water in the system. Water is a valuable resource and if the system were to use fresh water, it could place a strain on the water supply. Potable water would not have to be used to pass the water through a thermoelectric generator. The use of nonpotable water would not cause a strain on the water supply. Potable water would have to be used with the system if it were to be used to create hot water for homes and businesses. Would the system use two different sources of water? Potable water to create hot water and nonpotable water to create electricity? Solutions to water usage need to be considered and explored.


text:
Indigenous Sustainable Food Systems
Bachelor of Arts and Science Degree
Status: In Development
This unique degree is being designed to equip students with the knowledge and skills needed to contribute to food sovereignty, community growth, economic development and ecological restoration at First Nations, Métis and Inuit communities across Canada. The degree will incorporate experiential learning on the land with teachings that revolve around the traditional Haudenosaunee* food systems cycle. This Indigenous education opportunity will provide students with the knowledge and skills needed to help communities across Canada. Seed care and seed saving, sustainable horticulture, foraging wild foods and medicines, soil health and sustainability, and traditional fishing and hunting principles will be components of the learning experience.
FNTI has built a greenhouse that has been specifically conceived to support the new stand-alone degree program. Greenhouses can be used to address critical issues affecting Indigenous communities, such as climate change, food security and relationships to environment, food and diet. Agricultural, horticultural, arboriculture crops grown in the greenhouse will help expose students to a wide variety of ideas, opportunities and tastes. This additional element of Indigenous education will begin to enhance their relationship to food, their environment and the Earth.
Are you interested? Keep informed with the most up to date information by filling out our interest form.
*Haudenosaunee is an Indigenous term for 'People of the Longhouse' who are known as the Iroquois Confederacy by the French, and the League of Five Nations by the English. The confederacy is properly called the Haudenosaunee Confederacy.


Quick Answer: How Long Will It Take To Learn Dutch?
Do Dutch have accents?
But you're right, most Dutch people do have an American-Dutch accent.
The second reason is that most people think, that if you speak a foreign language with an accent, it sounds more real..
Why is Dutch difficult?
Dutch is hard to pronounce Consonants like ch, sch, ng and nk are unfamiliar in most languages and because you can combine nouns in Dutch, you end up with words like: Slechtstschrijvend ("worst-writing") and angstschreeuw (cry of fear). Very difficult to pronounce. And it's not just the consonants.
Can you learn Dutch in 3 months?
If you studied with Rosetta Stone approximately 2 hours a day, you would be able to speak basic Dutch in less than 3 months, that's for sure!
How easy is it to learn Dutch?
Dutch is probably the easiest language to learn for English speakers as it positions itself somewhere between German and English. … het, but it doesn't have all the grammatical cases like German. However, de and het are quite possibly the hardest part to learn, as you have to memorise which article each noun takes.
Why are Dutch so tall?
Then there's the Dutch diet: people in the Netherlands have a voracious appetite for dairy, and studies suggest this has contributed to their increased height. "Calcium builds bone and growth is dependent on having a good supply of that," Barrett explained.
Why is Dutch easy?
Dutch is from the same family as English and German English students frequently say to me that Dutch is the easiest language to learn. It makes sense because Dutch is part of the Germanic branch of the Indo-European family of languages, just like English.
Is Dutch easier than Spanish?
Because both languages have so many similarities, it becomes relevantly easy to be proficient in Dutch. Spanish, on the other hand, follows a smooth pronunciation. … Spanish wins in pronunciation but has complex verb conjugations and grammar which makes it significantly more complicated than Dutch.
What is a good salary in the Netherlands?
Average income in the Netherlands According to the Centraal Planbureau (CPB), in 2020 the median gross income for a person working in the Netherlands is 36.500 euros annually or 2.816 euros gross per month.
What is a typical Dutch lunch?
A typical Dutch lunch consists of an individual portion of cold meals, such as sandwiches filled with slices of meat and Dutch cheese or sweet assortments, accompanied by milk or juice. … Some people prefer hot meals for lunch, such as broodje kroket or rookworst with toast, and maybe some instant cup-a-soup.
Why are the Dutch so clean?
Folk wisdom holds that people stopped bathing after the fall of the Roman Empire. Thus, it is commonly held that all of Europe was, until recently, quite smelly indeed. Some have argued that this, somehow, reflected Dutch Calvinism. …
How close are German and Dutch?
The lexical similarity between German and Dutch is roughly as similar as that between Spanish and Italian. While German and Dutch are quite similar in terms of vocabulary, they do differ significantly grammatically. This is because Dutch has evolved to have a 'simpler' grammar structure for a learner.
Why is Germany called Deutschland?
The word 'Deutschland' derives from an old High German word meaning 'of the people'. Deutschland originally meant "people's land". Its how germans reffered to their own country.
Is German or Dutch easier to learn?
German conjugation is also harder to master because it retained the use of the subjunctive mood whereas it's almost never used in Dutch. For those reasons, Dutch is, without a shadow of a doubt, easier to learn than German, for anyone. Dutch is like simplified German. Besides that, Dutch is the closest to English.
Is Dutch a dying language?
No, Dutch is not a dying language. … As long as a language is widely spoken and has official status, it's alive and well, even if it has a small number of speakers. It's not because most Dutchmen are fluent in English, that they will give up their native tongue.
Is Dutch harder than German?
The difficulty of any language is all relative and depends on your mother tongue. Dutch is extremely close to English and it lacks many of the grammatical complexities that German has. If you are a native English speaker, Dutch would definitely be easier than German. so it is much easier than german.
Which language is closest to German?
The German language is most similar to other languages within the West Germanic language branch, including Afrikaans, Dutch, English, the Frisian languages, Low German/Low Saxon, Luxembourgish, Scots, and Yiddish.
Is Dutch older than English?
Relation to the Germanic languages group Within the Indo-European language tree, Dutch is grouped within the Germanic languages, which means it shares a common ancestor with languages such as English, German, and Scandinavian languages. … gradually split off from Proto-Germanic, beginning around the Early Middle Ages.
Why is Dutch so similar to English?
The Dutch language is part of the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family, just like English. This means that the two languages share the same roots and have similar characteristics, making it easier for Dutch people learning English.
Is it worth learning Dutch?
So, it is absolutely possible to survive in the Netherlands without speaking Dutch. But if you do not want to feel like a tourist, you should try to learn. And of course, you might feel awkward if a group of Dutch people are speaking English just because of you! … So, it is worth putting some effort in learning Dutch!
What is a Dutch breakfast?
Dutch breakfast can vary. Most common are bread slices with sweet or savoury spreads, as well as muesli and yogurt. Dairies such as cheeses, milk and eggs often play a role in the first meal of the day in the Netherlands.
What is the hardest language to learn?


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Heating System Failure Kills Family: How NYers Can Fight Back
This winter has brought with it record cold temperatures nationwide, and forecasts predict that we'll continue to experience this bitter cold at least for the next several weeks. During cold spells, it is common for heating systems to fail or malfunction, sometimes with devastating consequences.
Recently, a family of four, including two young children, were found dead in an Arizona Cabin. Officials found a "significant failure" in the heating system, which resulted in a carbon monoxide leak. The findings at the scene were consistent with carbon monoxide overtaking the home and poisoning the family while they slept.
This tragic occurrence highlights the need for a well-maintained heating system and precautions such as carbon monoxide detectors. If you rent your living space (as most New Yorkers do), you must rely on your landlord to perform maintenance and repairs. However, there is an upside – as a tenant you have the right to safe and habitable housing, and if your landlord violates these rights they can be held liable.
So, what exactly are the obligations of your landlord, and how can you fight back as a tenant if your landlord fails to meet them?
Tenants' Rights to Habitable Housing
As a tenant, you have a right to safe and habitable housing. Your landlord is obligated to provide a safe living space, and to perform urgent repairs to ensure safety and habitability (such as heater repairs) within 24 hours. Further, if tenants are injured as a result to dangerous housing conditions, landlords may be held liable for the injury.
Where is this covered in the law?
Implied Warranty of Habitability
In New York, landlords are required to keep rental properties habitable under a doctrine known as the implied warranty of habitability. This means that by renting the property to you, your landlord has promised you a habitable living space.
In order to meet the implied warranty of habitability, your landlord must:
- Keep structural elements of the property well-maintained
- Maintain common areas such as stairwells and hallways
- Supply hot and cold water
- Keep electrical, plumbing, sewage, heaters, air-conditioners, and elevators working safely
- Exterminate infestations of rodents and insects
- Provide garbage receptacles and arrange for garage pickup
- Manage known environmental hazards such as lead paint and asbestos. This includes disclosing their presence to tenants and keeping the building in good repair such that they do not pose a substantial danger.
- Include at least one carbon monoxide and one smoke detector, and provide written information about how to test and maintain them.Heating RequirementsAccording to New York law, landlords are required to provide heating to their tenants. Heat must be provided between October 1st and May 31st.
During the day (between 6AM and 10PM), if the outside temperature is below 55 degrees, the inside temperature must be at least 68 degrees.
At night (between 10PM and 6AM) the inside temperature must be at least 62 degrees, regardless of the outside temperature.
What to Do if You Don't Have Heat
If you don't have heat that meets the above standards, your landlord is required to provide it. However, it is best to initiate this process by first asking your landlord to turn up the heat.
The following steps are recommended if you don't have heat:
- Contact your landlord to let them know that your apartment is cold. If possible, it's best to have a specific temperature reading ready when you call — this lets your landlord know that they aren't meeting minimum standards, so the situation is urgent.
- If your landlord does not honor or respond to your request, call 311 to reach the Department of Housing Preservation and Development (HPD). The HPD will send an officer to your building to measure the temperature, and cite your landlord with a violation. If your landlord still fails to act, the HPD will send a contractor to fix the heater.
- If you are left without heat for a few days and have made your landlord aware of the situation, it is reasonable to ask your landlord for a break on your rent. Negotiate a rent abatement for the following month and get the agreement in writing.
The Importance of Heater Safety
The extreme cold temperatures we're currently experiencing are definitely putting heating systems to the test. Failures and malfunctions such as the tragic story mentioned above are more likely to occur under these conditions. You can keep your family safe by making sure that certain safety standards are met.
A heating system should be serviced annually, ideally before the cold hits. If you're not sure if your landlord has maintained the heating system properly, give him or her a call to ask about heater maintenance. A good landlord would rather hear about potential problems before there is an emergency.
To detect carbon monoxide leaks, your apartment should have at least one working carbon monoxide detector. Your landlord can also help you to locate and test carbon monoxide detectors. If your apartment does not have a carbon monoxide detector, ask the landlord to install one, or if you can install one yourself ask to be reimbursed for the cost.
Heater malfunctions are also a common cause of fires, so now would also be a time to make sure that your apartment has at least one working smoke detector. Note that the above conditions apply to smoke detectors as well.
This website contains "Attorney Advertising." It is designed for general information only and should not be construed to be formal legal advice. Prior results cannot and do not guarantee a similar outcome. Please contact us by telephone or email. Be advised that using any method of communication to contact us does not create an attorney – client relationship. In order for this office to represent you, we must enter into a written retainer agreement. Simply contacting us does not create an attorney-client relationship. Please do not send any confidential information to this office until after a signed retainer has been entered into by you and this office.


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March winds and April showers bring forth May flowers and June bugs.
We've all heard this bit of weather lore before, most likely it's shortened version:
April showers bring May flowers.
But what is it about April that gives it a reputation for wet, showery weather?
If there's one season that would seemingly win the title of "rainiest," it's spring. In Northern Hemisphere spring, there are a number of goings-on in the atmosphere that increases our chance of rain. The jet stream—a ribbon of high-speed winds flowing miles overhead—migrates from its winter position over Mexico to its summer home over the southern border of Canada. This steers storm systems across the United States. The season's more intense sunlight also contributes to storminess. The more heat there is in the atmosphere, the more opportunity there is for convection to spark rain and thunderstorms.
However, you might be surprised to learn that, according to NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information, June—not April—is the wettest month in the United States. (Based on the long-term average (_PHONE_), June typically sees 3.15 inches of precipitation, whereas April ranks as 5th wettest at 2.52 inches.) However, since April is the first full month of astronomical spring (a season most of us associate with trees and flowers) and is also the rainiest month up to that point, the "April showers" reputation likely stuck.
Do April Showers Really Bring May Flowers?
It's true: rains in April, the month that kicks off the growing season, provide spring-flowering plants with the nutrients needed to thrive in the months ahead.
And while scientists have proven that spring's warming temperatures are also a key ingredient, recent studies of fruit trees, including flowering peaches and apricots, have shown that blossoms aren't as fussy about temperature as are leaf buds. So, when it comes to flowering alone, it seems this centuries-old saying gets it right!
Wondering what the remainder of spring will be like in your neck of the woods? Check our long-range forecast here!
Tiffany Means is a freelance writer and a degreed meteorologist. She specializes in weather forecasting and enjoys making the subject of weather (and the science behind it) more relatable. She currently resides in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina.


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yet2 is supporting NASA in their search for strain sensor technologies and tech providers that can measure large strains and associated load data of parachute canopies during the period of deployment (while the parachute is actively being used during a jump/landing). NASA is seeking a variety of strain sensing and measurement technologies that (1) could be applied to soft/flexible fabric substrates, (2) can measure elongation of 10-40% (ideally more), and (3) do not interfere with the function and performance of the parachute. Only solutions that are commercially available or that could be supplied in the next several months are in-scope for this search.
Strain sensors must have the following characteristics:
- Capable of measuring strains up to 10% – 40% elongation
- Compatible with lightweight flexible / soft / woven / fabric substrates
- A small form factor (< 6×6 inches; smaller is preferred)
Additional Considerations and Future Capabilities include:
- Capable of measuring strain rates from 20%/s to greater than 100%/s.
- Does not induce stiffness or stress in the test substrate
- Accounts for temperature (and remains operational) in range between -90°F to 120°F
- Survive / operate in vacuum (but do not necessarily need to be flight/space rated)
- Minimal hysteresis and drift
- Sample rates up to 1 kHz
- Commercial "Off-the-Shelf" sensors preferred
- Sensors may be single-use or reusable
Know of a Relevant Technology and Company?
If you would like to submit an innovative technology and associated company to be considered by our client, NASA, for partnership, please contact Alex Roberts (_EMAIL_).
Related Tech Needs


Nano-SAW devices for RFID and sensing applications: study of lithium niobate behavior
The key element of a SAW device is the piezoelectric material that allows conversion between electrical and mechanical energy. Lithium niobate is an appealing material as it could potentially provide high efficient SAW devices. This material is strongly anisotropic, thus, all the properties of the material are dependent of the orientation on the plane of the device and on the chosen piezoelectric layer cut. An analytical model is built to predict how the electromechanical coupling varies depending on cut and device on plane orientation.
Advisor(s):
Villanueva, Guillermo
Year:
2015
Laboratories:
 Record created 2016-08-26, last modified 2018-03-17
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Dunstable Fire Department S.A.F.E. Educator Evaluation Form
Please fill this form out. Any Feedback is welcome!
Dunstable Fire Department
S.A.F.E. Educator Evaluation Form
Your response to the questions below will aid us in serving you better. Please use the rating levels below and assign numbers 1 through 4 next to the question
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1. Were the instructors comprehensive in his/her course coverage?
3. Did the instructors treat the students with respect?
5. Did they communicate clearly?
7. Did they utilize the entire allotted lecture time?
2. Did the instuctors seem to have an understanding of the course when teaching it?
4. Did they make the students feel like they could ask questions?
6. Did they assign HW that was relevant to the course material?
8. Was the instructor enthusiastic about teaching the course?
9. I would recommend this instuctor to other classes.
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Murrumba Homestead Grounds facts for kids
Quick facts for kidsMurrumba Homestead Grounds
Murrumba Homestead Grounds
|Location||38 Armstrong Street, Petrie, Moreton Bay Region, Queensland, Australia|
|Official name: Murrumba Homestead Grounds (former)|
|Type||state heritage (landscape, built, archaeological)|
|Designated||16 February 2009|
|Significant components||trees of social, historic or special significance, trees/plantings|
|Lua error in Module:Location_map at line 420: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).|
The Murrumba Homestead Grounds, established by Tom Petrie in the 1860s, are situated at Petrie (earlier North Pine) on a low rise known locally as Murrumba Hill, and currently within the grounds of Our Lady of the Way Primary School and Parish Church. Murrumba Homestead was demolished in the early 1950s, but many early plantings associated with the occupation of this site by Tom Petrie and his family, survive – principally Bunya (Araucaria bidwillii), Hoop (Araucaria cunninghamii) and Kauri (Agathis robusta) pines and a large Weeping fig (Ficus benjamina) at the crest of the rise. These constitute one of the most extensive early (mid-nineteenth century) private garden plantings in Queensland.
The Murrumba run was established in late 1859 by Thomas Petrie (1831–1910), third son of Andrew Petrie – the first non-convict, non-military European settler in Queensland, who arrived at the Moreton Bay penal colony with his family in 1837 when Tom was six years old. As a child, Tom was allowed to mix freely with children of the local Turrbal people and learned their customs and languages, making many friends among them. He travelled widely with the Turrbal, and in the mid-1840s attended a triennial Bunya festival in the Blackall Range. His ability to converse with Aboriginal people made Tom extremely well known in Brisbane, where he was sought out by explorers (including Ludwig Leichhardt), local business men, government bureaucrats and Queensland governors alike, for his knowledge of the area and its indigenous inhabitants and to assist in locating commercially exploitable timbers and in marking roads.
Tom did not follow his father and older brother John Petrie into the construction business, but chose a life on the land. In 1857 he married Elizabeth Campbell, sister of Brisbane timber and hardware merchant James Campbell. Looking for good grazing land in the vicinity of Brisbane, Petrie sought advice on a suitable area from his friend Dalaipi, a distinguished elder of the North Pine clan. Dalaipi recommended land at the mouth of the Pine River and promised to protect Petrie, his household and his cattle. The assistance offered to Petrie was a mark of the regard in which he was held by Aboriginal people and made it possible for him to live in a place generally considered unsafe for European settlers. Several violent incidents had occurred in the district, including spearings of Europeans and Aboriginal deaths at the hands of the Native Police.
The area recommended by Dalaipi had been taken up in the 1840s by Captain Griffin as the Redbank section of the Whiteside pastoral run. Mrs Jane Griffin was willing to sell Petrie the lease to ten square-mile sections, reputedly because the frontier violence made it impossible for her to work the land effectively. The area she ceded to Petrie extended from Sideling Creek in the west to Redcliffe Point in the east, and was bounded on the south by the North Pine and Pine rivers. Petrie named his run Murrumba, meaning "a good place". Most of the land was open woodland of gum, ironbark, oak and bloodwood – the product of centuries of regular firing by Aborigines – with vine scrub restricted to small pockets in low-lying areas. With the help of a small group of Dalaipi's people Petrie cleared two acres and built a hut and stockyard near Yebri Creek, below Murrumba Hill.
From 1860 Tom Petrie became heavily involved in the timber industry. Since the 1840s his family had exploited the Hoop pine (Araucaria cunninghamii) that gave the Pine River its name, and at Murrumba Creek a rafting ground was established, where pines cut from the Pine River district were rafted to Brisbane via Sandgate. In 1860, with the assistance of Aboriginal friends, Tom Petrie accompanied Brisbane sawmill proprietor William Pettigrew to Tin Can Bay, the Mary River and Fraser Island in search of commercially exploitable timbers, paving the way for the exploitation of the giant Kauri pine (Agathis robusta). Petrie also explored the North Coast between the Blackall Range and the sea, looking for stands of valuable red cedar (Toona australis) and reporting on the commercial value of other indigenous timbers. Working with William Pettigrew and employing Aboriginal labour, he extracted considerable quantities of cedar and hardwoods from the Maroochy area to build up capital to develop Murrumba. The Bunya pine (Araucaria bidwillii) of the Blackall Ranges he did not exploit, even after the new Queensland colonial government in 1860 rescinded New South Wales Governor George Gipps' 1842 legislation prohibiting the issuing of occupation or timber licenses on Bunya lands in the North Coast district as far as the Maroochy River and west to the Great Dividing Range. Like his father Andrew, who had been instrumental in the declaration of this reserve, Tom Petrie understood that the Bunya pines and the ranges in which they were found were sacred to Aboriginal people.
To facilitate his timber operations Tom Petrie marked out several early northern roads, including a track between the Pine River and Bald Hills and a trail from Murrumba to Maroochydore, which later became the Gympie Road. He also blazed a track from North Pine to Humpybong (Redcliffe).
Petrie held the ten square miles (6,400 acres) Murrumba leasehold for less than three years. Early in 1861 the government survey office identified an area of 28,000 acres (11,000 ha) bounded on the south by the North Pine and Pine rivers, to the east by Moreton Bay (Redcliffe Point), and to the north by Deception Bay, as potential farming land. This was proclaimed on 31 May 1862 as the Redcliffe Agricultural Reserve. The square-mile pastoral leases over this area – including Murrumba – were withdrawn and the land re-surveyed as small farm allotments available for purchase or rent-purchase. To secure his improvements on Murrumba, at the first sale of Redcliffe Agricultural Reserve land held in Brisbane in July 1862 Petrie purchased portion 23 (70 acres (28 ha) – the homestead block) and leased the adjacent portions 24 (40 acres (16 ha)), 25 (43 acres (17 ha)), 29 (62 acres (25 ha)) and 30 (49 acres (20 ha)), to which eventually the family obtained title. Each of these parcels fronted Yebri Creek to the north. The track to Humpybong (Redcliffe) and later to Gympie passed through portion 23.
By 1864 Petrie had constructed a more substantial timber homestead at the top of the broad hill above his original slab hut – likely reflecting his recently acquired security of tenure. An 1863 report on agricultural reserves noted that portion 23 contained a house and was cultivated and fenced.
At Murrumba, Tom and Elizabeth Petrie raised a family of six daughters and three sons. Tom's interest in and love of trees – whether for commercial, aesthetic, food or healing potential – was expressed in the numerous trees he planted at Murrumba, including Hoop, Kauri and Bunya pines. The Bunyas are thought to have come from the Maroochy area as seedlings, and the Hoops from Fraser Island as seeds. In a photograph dated c. 1914/1915, showing the second North Pine River Railway Bridge under construction, four Bunya pines lining the entrance drive to Murrumba (off Gympie Road) are landmarks on the horizon. At this period the trees retained their distinctive conical shape. In a photograph dated c. 1940, taken from the cemetery at Lawnton looking across the North Pine River Railway Bridge toward Petrie, the Bunya pines lining the entrance drive to Murrumba (off Anzac Avenue) remain noticeable on the horizon, but with the more rounded domes of very mature trees. Petrie is also thought to have planted macadamias at Murrumba in 1865. A grove of hoop pine behind the house reputedly was planted at the suggestion of Dalaipi (the present plantation appears to be re-growth from earlier plantings). The place became noted for its gardens with fruit trees (including an olive grove), flowers and vegetables.
Tom Petrie's occupation of Murrumba was the catalyst for further non-indigenous settlement of the North Pine district, which in the early years he facilitated by conciliating between new settlers and local Aboriginal people. In 1869 Cobb & Co opened a coach route from Brisbane to Gympie via the route Tom had helped mark out, and a staging post was established temporarily at Murrumba Homestead until Tom erected a hostelry on portion 29 (by 1870). This was later licensed as the North Pine Hotel. In the 1880s Petrie took advantage of the construction of the North Coast Railway through his property to subdivide part of portions 29 and 30 as the North Pine Township Terminus Estate, with 134 building allotments first offered for sale in April 1886. This became


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Different Factors Responsible for the Varying Cost of Building a Seawall
There can be two different reasons due to which the cost of building a seawall will vary. They are firstly the soil condition. The second one is accessibility of the jobsite. After engineers and contractors review the jobsite, they must also probe about the soil for determining the density.
Based on the soil density, the engineers and contractors will decide about the material option for the seawall and also equipment that is required, which may have different cost. In fact, if the soil is hard then much larger equipment may be required, and the cost may also rise.
As far as jobsite accessibility is concerned, the contractor needs to decide whether he can install the sea wall from land or they need to install it from water. In case they will install only from the water, then there is no sufficient space for equipment in between the property lines or behind the wall.
Few marine contractors may decide at least 30 to 40% more installing a bulkhead or seawall from the water. In case, the contractors install from waterside then they will have a barge and drive the barge on the jobsite to determine how they can transport various material, etc. Number of details has to be worked out for installing any sea wall from water, which can add cost.
However, mostly the vinyl bulkhead material, steel-reinforced concrete wall is installed from land side by using smaller equipment that may incur little lower costs. With better material, you can get much stronger and thicker concrete seawall as compared to any precast concrete panels.
The total cost will depend upon the closeness of any swimming pool and any landscaping, docks, wall condition, drains, exposed wall height and many more. Also, the price may vary from one state to other state.
There are few surveyed costs obtained from various seawall contractors during May/June 2016. Few seawall contractors had quoted $650 to $2,000 per foot based on the waterway depth and the seawall location. Few other engineering and other services had quoted the price as $2,000 to $5,000 per job.
The cost may vary with the condition and type of the seawall. This cost range has been obtained from Southern Florida region. If you look at other areas of the US, the price range may be slightly more or can be less too. Most of the residential bulkhead or sea walls for salt water that are properly built may cost in around $500 to $1,200/ linear foot.


Palletizing Builder with an actual robot
Modified on Wed, 02 Mar 2022 at 12:43 PM
Please refer to the Palletizing Builder in simulation for setting up a Palletizing Builder project.
Palletizing Builder allows you to transfer the calculated pallet positions directly to the robot controller. This requires you to have the WORK coordinate input into the controller which indicates the pallet's origin relative to the robot arm. Once your project is setup and analyzed, you can click the Export to robot controller button. For transferring the data to the robot controller, you can select the top option and input the controller's IP address.
Click Next to select the options for calculating the pallet positions. This menu is similar to the menu for communicating this data to Wincaps III.
Clicking Start will calculate points and perform the motion range check and search pallet position if these options are selected. If the calculations are successful, the software will transfer the positions and any calculated WORK coordinates to the controller. You can create a program to move the robot to the positions generated for the pallet.
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Effects of acute heat exposure on respiratory metabolism and blood glucose in freshwater fishes, Prochilodus scrofa (curimbatá) and Cyprinus carpio (carp) acclimatized to tropical winter
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part A: Physiology, v. 80, n. 3, p. 287-289, 1985.
1. 1. Routine oxygen consumption and blood glucose were determined from freshwater fishes, Prochilodus scrofa and Cyprinus carpio, exposed at high temperatures for 1 hr. 2. 2. Prochilodus scrofa had a significantly higher rate of oxygen consumption at 30°C than at 25°C, and carp higher at 25°C than at 30°C. 3. 3. Blood glucose was significantly higher for Cyprinus carpio than for Prochilodus scrofa at 25 and 30°C; however, after exposure to these temperatures for 1 hr blood glucose did not change significantly for both species. 4. 4. The results suggest that these interspecific variations may be linked to the differences between native and foreign fishes and their way of life. © 1985.