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This paper presents the analysis of a voltage regulator for a 3-phase self-excited induction generator (SEIG) using a current controlled voltage source inverter (CC-VSI). The control scheme consists of two PI controllers and one hysteresis current controller, which are used to regulate the stator terminal voltage of the induction generator (IG). A mathematical model of a SEIG in synchronously rotating reference frame is used in order to simulate the performance of the generator with static VAr compensator. It has fast dynamic response for regulating the voltage when the SEIG subjected to a sudden application/removal of load. The voltage-regulating scheme is adaptive to changes in the load condition and hence it is possible to operate the SEIG at constant voltage from no load to full load. The proposed controller regulates the IG terminal voltage against varying rotor speed and changing load conditions. This scheme does not require computations and information regarding rotor speed for calculating the excitation current thereby minimizing the cost of the controller. Simulation results using Matlab / Simulink software show the satisfactory operation of an induction generator with the proposed control scheme.


Sisters improve chances of reproduction in Asian elephants
July 24, 2019
Researchers at the University of Turku found that the presence of a maternal sister was positively and significantly associated with annual female reproduction in a population of working elephants in Myanmar. In addition, an age-specific effect was found: young females were more sensitive to the presence of sisters and even more likely to reproduce when living near a sister.
- We studied Asian elephants working in the teak industry in Myanmar. The elephants are released to the forest for the evenings and nights and other holiday periods, when they can move around freely, eat and meet other elephants. Our study compared the annual reproductive rate of females living with and without maternal sisters. We found that young females, in particular, are more likely to reproduce in a given year when living near a maternal sister, and this effect was strongest when the sister was 0-5 years younger, says Emily Lynch, lead author of the study.
The authors claim that while the proximate mechanism driving enhanced reproduction may be related to improved health generated by sociality, such age-related benefits suggest other factors may be at play.
- Especially because the parenting experience may be crucial for successfully rearing offspring, young, inexperienced females are at a disadvantage and assistance from relatives may therefore be particularly valuable to young females.
Relationships among females have an important evolutionary basis
- Although there is widespread evidence that individuals prefer relatives over non-relatives as social partners, little is known about the potential benefits associated with living with kin in long-lived, social mammals, Lynch says.
Because elephants are highly social and matrilocal animals, meaning that females remain in their natal group with female relatives throughout their lifetime, it is likely that social relationships provide varying benefits across a female's lifetime.
- Sociality is known to improve both physical and mental health in humans, for example. This study shows that in elephants socialising with female relatives improves the changes of female reproduction. However, the motivation to nurture relationships with female relatives is age-dependent, which, in turn, results in a variety of fitness benefits. Overall, the study suggests that relationships among female kin are of evolutionary importance in long-lived social mammals, Lynch says.
These results build on previous work on this population, in which it was discovered that the presence of a maternal grandmother is associated with improved grand calf survival and increased reproductive output of the daughter, and this effect was particularly strong among young daughters.
- This study is particularly exciting because we were able to access information on elephant reproduction across several generations to effectively examine the evolutionary consequences of female social relationships with kin. Access to such longitudinal data on a long-lived, social mammal is rare and we are now able to have a better grasp of the importance of living with relatives in elephants, Lynch says.
Emily C. Lynch, Virpi Lummaa, Win Htut and Mirkka Lahdenperä: Evolutionary significance of maternal kinship in a long-lived mammal on the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences: The evolution of female-biased kinship in humans and other mammals.
More information: visiting researcher Emily Lynch (, University of Turku
University of Turku
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Lenexa, KS, March 3, 2020 - Kustom Signals, Inc. Vantage body-worn video camera can replace the standard wireless transmitter for Eyewitness HD in-car video. In this integrated system, Vantage cameras are associated with the in-car systems.
Features supported by this integration include:
- The Vantage body camera simultaneously records audio and video locally on the camera and transmits audio back real-time to the in-car system for recording with its video files. Never miss audio – if Vantage is out of range, it still records audio locally.
- Files from the two systems are automatically associated. These in-car associations allow synchronized playback of the files using the Eyewitness Data Vault file management system.
- The integration uses a local peer-to-peer network to allow bi-directional record activations. If the in-car system starts to record for any reason, it will activate a recording on up to two paired body cameras. Likewise, if a body camera is activated, it will start the in-car system recording – and start the second paired body camera recording (if present).
- Files from the body camera can be transferred wirelessly to the in-car system. They can also be transferred by docking the camera in the in-car docking station.
- Once Vantage files are transferred to the in-car system, they can be reviewed and tagged in the car, prior to being uploaded to the database.
- Once body camera files are transferred to the in-car system, they will transfer wirelessly to the database alongside the in-car files.
- Vantage in-car docking stations also support in-car charging.
Chris Abel, President of Kustom Signals, "This integration allows officers the opportunity to have fully integrated in-car and body-worn video protection with one less piece of equipment strapped to their uniform."
About Kustom Signals, Your No Risk Partner:
Established in 1965, Kustom Signals, Inc., an MPD Inc. company, designs and manufactures a complete line of speed enforcement, speed awareness and in-car and body-worn video systems for law enforcement agencies. For more information, visit _URL_.
About MPD, Inc.
MPD, Inc. was established in 1987 and is headquartered in Owensboro, KY. MPD's customers include U.S. and foreign military services and their contractors, avionics manufacturers, law enforcement organizations, industrial companies and commercial concerns. For more information, visit _URL_.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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To report on the evaluation of error of a face matching system consisting of a 3D sensor for obtaining the surface of the face, and a two‐stage matching algorithm that matches the sensed surface to a model surface.
Rigid mannikin face that was, otherwise, fairly realistic was obtained, and several sensing and matching experiments were performed. Pose position, lighting and face color were controlled.
The combined sensor‐matching system typically reported correct face surface matches with trimmed RMS error of 0.5 mm or less for a generous volume of parameters, including roll, pitch, yaw, position, lighting, and facecolor. Error accelerated beyond this "approximately frontal" set of parameters. Mannikin results are compared to results with thousands of cases of real faces. The sensor accuracy is not a limiting component of the system, but supports the application well.
The sensor supports the application well (except for the current cost). Equal error rates achieved appear to be practical for face verification.
No similar report is known for sensing faces.
Stockman, G., Payne, J., Sadler, J. and Colbry, D. (2006), "Error measurement and analysis for a 3D face surface matching system", Sensor Review, Vol. 26 No. 2, pp. 116-121. _URL_ as .RIS
Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2006, Emerald Group Publishing Limited


Can Cats Eat Sugar? What You Need To Know
(Last Updated On: June 13, 2020)
As humans, most of us love sugar. We tend to put it in everything from cookies to breads, or minimally in coffee or tea.
It's easy for humans to eat sugar, but as you dig into something sweet or add a little sugar to your cooking, you might be wondering if your cat can enjoy sugar as much as you do.
At the very least, you might want to know if it's detrimental for their health, which is why we're here to answer the question of whether cats can eat sugar.
Can Cats Eat Sugar?
As a cat owner, you might already know that your cat cannot simply eat the same food that you eat.
They simply cannot metabolize food like we do, which is why certain human foods make cats very sick. Sugar, thankfully, is not one of those foods, meaning that yes, cats can eat sugar.
It would be best to avoid it whenever possible though for the sake of your cat's long-term health.
Sugar is not actually poisonous to cats, so if yours happens to have some sweet cereal or a bit of something like syrup or frosting, you don't have to worry about rushing off to your vet.
It isn't great for the long-term health of your cat though, since it is still a junk food. In the end, you should minimize sugars in your cat's diet wherever possible.
Tasting Sugar
Believe it or not, cats actually cannot taste sugar anyway. They won't taste the sweetness that we enjoy, meaning that there's no real reason for you to give your cat sugar anyway.
This doesn't mean that your cat won't eat something sweet though. There may be another ingredient in the food that they're attracted to that implores them to take a bite.
For instance, think of chocolate. We all know that chocolate is dangerous to cats, not necessarily because of the sugar, but because of other ingredients.
Cats still eat it though which is why it's important to always keep it out of reach.
Existing Health Conditions
Like humans, cats can deal with diseases like diabetes. This would make sugar very detrimental to their health if they happen to have it.
They may not be able to taste the sugar, but that doesn't mean it won't be harmful. Especially in this case, your cat cannot have sugar at all for the sake of their health.
If your cat does happen to have diabetes, remember to give them their insulin shot after they've eaten. This type of treatment will prevent your cat from experiencing worse health problems like a damaged liver.
Only Good Sugars
You shouldn't give your cat sweet sugar that we use for baking, but like humans, cats do need certain types of sugars to function.
They need sugars from high-end, high-protein cat food rather than the ordinary table one.
Can cats eat marshmallow?
These are the types they can metabolize and use for cellular energy, although there still shouldn't be large amounts of sugar in your cat's food.
This is why the total sugar content of your cat's food should be less than one percent. Ultimately, if there is glucose and fructose in urine, then that means that your cat has too much in their diet.
Long-Term Issues
Ordinary table sugar is completely lacking in nutrition, providing calories without giving your cat what they need for their health.
Since adult cats only need a few hundred calories a day, the empty calories from sugar add up quickly, potentially leading to obesity and other health issues.
Obesity inhibits the ability of your cat to lead a happy life, since they're unable to enjoy exercise like they used to. This reduces the quality of their life and may lead to other health issues as well.
An obese cat is more likely to have conditions like osteoarthritis, insulin resistance, type two diabetes, and some cancers.
It can lead to diabetes in particular, while obesity increases the chances of a heart attack or stroke. If your cat is already obese, they certainly shouldn't be having any in their diet.
Oral Health
There have been conflicting opinions on whether sugar has negative results on your cat's oral health, but like humans, it's likely that too much sugar is able to damage your cat's oral health.
Giving your cat sugar may increase their chances of cavities, gingivitis, and other types of oral infections.
If bacteria then enters into the bloodstream, it can travel throughout your cat's body to infect their liver, kidneys, and heart.
Especially if you do not brush your cat's teeth on a daily basis, as many of us do not, you should try to protect your cat's teeth in other ways.
This includes giving your cat as little sugar as possible to avoid future problems.
Talk to Your Vet
If you think that your cat has had too much sugar, or you are unsure about your cat's diet, it's always best to chat with your vet.
They will be able to go over your cat's diet with you to keep them healthy long-term.
The occasional amount of sugar will not kill your cat, as it is not toxic or poisonous.
If your cat happens to like it, it's okay to just give them a little bit here and there. But it's important not to give them too much.
Even though it isn't toxic or poisonous, too much of it can lead to health problems in the future. This includes oral health problems, obesity, and diabetes.
In order to keep your cat healthy, it's best to give them as little as possible. Since they can't even taste it, it's likely that they won't mind nearly as much as some of us would!
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Scorpion Venom – $39,000,000 (N 7.7 Billion) per gallon
The Most Expensive Liquids In The World
Scorpions use their venom to kill or paralyze their prey, and as a defence against predators. Of the thousands of species of scorpion, only 25 have venom that is deadly to humans.
Why the high price? Well, this is simply because the protein in the venom can be used for the treatment of conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and multiple sclerosis.


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Obesity is one of the most prevalent health problems in the United States. Current therapeutic strategies for the treatment of obesity are unsatisfactory. We hypothesized the use of colon electrical stimulation (CES) to treat obesity by inhibiting upper gastrointestinal motility. In this preliminary study, we aimed at studying the effects of CES on gastric emptying of solid, intestinal motility, and food intake in dogs. Six dogs, equipped with serosal colon electrodes and a jejunal cannula, were randomly assigned to receive sham-CES or CES during the assessment of: (i) gastric emptying of solids, (ii) postprandial intestinal motility, (iii) autonomic functions, and (iv) food intake. We found that (i) CES delayed gastric emptying of solids by 77%. Guanethidine partially blocked the inhibitory effect of CES on solid gastric emptying; (ii) CES significantly reduced intestinal contractility and the effect lasted throughout the recovery period; (iii) CES decreased vagal activity in both fasting and fed states, increased the sympathovagal balance and marginally increased sympathetic activity in the fasting state; (iv) CES resulted in a reduction of 61% in food intake. CES reduces food intake in healthy dogs and the anorexigenic effect may be attributed to its inhibitory effects on gastric emptying and intestinal motility, mediated via the autonomic mechanisms. Further studies are warranted to investigate the therapeutic potential of CES for obesity.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine (miscellaneous)
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
- Nutrition and Dietetics

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Pilot Projection Calculator Assumptions
This Calculator uses the following hiring pilot demand models.
The Calculator uses the 50% mark in Seniority as a conservative estimate for upgrade time at each individual airline. Obviously most places will probably see upgrades before this due to a percentage of FO's opting to remain FO's for QOL reasons.
The pay schedule for a particular model, estimates the number of time spent in each equipment type by taking into account the percent of the fleet each type represents. For example if MD90's represent 30% of the total fleet then a 11 year average upgrade could expect a little over 3 years as an FO in the MD90. The Capt upgrades apply a longer window to keep the model conservative, it assumes the average time at the mainline carrier will be 30 years before retirement.
The Regional Model unfortunately is only FO and CAPT Jet Rates, for simplicity purposes. RJ rates are assumed for all of the regional options, for now. For more complex airlines like Republic, the model applies a conservative scale to show progression through Republic's multi-type jets. The number of years each aircraft type receives is weighted by the percentage that particular fleet type represents in the total fleet.
Regional Wage is calculated by taking hourly wage multiplied by 80 hours a month. Mainline Wage is calculated by taking the hourly wage and retirement contribution percentage multiplied by 75 hours per month.
The right side of each wage column is a year over year accrual of wages from the start year till retirement. This year over year accrual applies your selected rate as an annual interest rate for each year. This would be your how you value your present money verse future money. For example 1,000 dollars in your pocket today, is more valuable than 1,000 dollars next year in your pocket. The 1000 dollars in your pocket today could be invested, or consumed.
This is a good article to explain the difference between present and future value of money.
To keep things simple no inflation is considered. Making this assumption assumes over the life of this model Professional Pilot compensation will match inflation.
As a reminder this model is just a rough estimate over the next 20 years, and just applys this estimate to pay. As with anything, compensation is only a small part of any career decision, the company culture, management team, and QOL are large factors.
Some things that might make this model obsolete.
 - Regional Consolidation, and Capacity Reduction ( This model assumes stagnant regional capacity)
 - Inflation
 - Mainline Consolidation
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Phylogenetic relationships of Xylella fastidiosa strains isolated from landscape ornamentals in southern California
Text - scientific article/review article
Description
Xylella fastidiosa is an insect-borne, xylem-limited pathogenic bacterium that has been associated with a rise in incidence of diseased landscape ornamentals in southern California. The objective of this study was to genetically characterize strains isolated from ornamental hosts to understand their distribution and identity. Strains of X. fastidiosa isolated from ornamentals were characterized using a multiprimer polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system. random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR. and sequence analysis of the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region (ISR). Based on RAPD-PCR and 16S-23S rDNA ISR, strains isolated from daylily. jacaranda, and magnolia clustered with members of X. fastidiosa subsp. sandyi and caused oleander leaf scorch but not Pierce's disease symptoms in glasshouse assays on oleander and grape, respectively. This demonstrated both that our groupings based on genetic characterization were valid and that strains of X. fastidiosa subsp. sandyi are present in hosts other than oleander. Strains isolated from Spanish broom, cherry, and one strain isolated from western redbud clustered with X. fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa members. Strains isolated from purple-leafed plum, olive, peach, plum, sweetgum, maidenhair tree, crape myrtle, and another western redbud strain clustered with members of X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex. All strains isolated from mulberry and one from heavenly bamboo formed a separate cluster that has not yet been defined as a subspecies.
License
no licence specified -
Organisms
 - Xylella fastidiosa


text: We present a unified fast scattering algorithm for dielectric random rough surfaces that asymptotically reduces to the perfect electric conductor (PEC) case when the loss tangent grows extremely large. The Coifman wavelets are employed to implement Galerkin's procedure in the method of moments (MoM). The Coiflets-based surface integral equations (IEs) consist of both the tangential and normal components of electromagnetic fields as unknowns. The inherited mathematical superiority, e.g., local multiresolution analysis and high regularity with Holder index 1.449 in smoothness, allows efficiently implementing both electric field IE and magnetic field IE. Due to the high-precision one-point quadrature, the Coiflets yield fast evaluations of the most off-diagonal entries, reducing the matrix fill effort from O(N2) to O(N). The orthogonality and Riesz basis of the Coiflets generate well-conditioned impedance matrix, with rapid convergence for the conjugate gradient solver. In addition, a semianalytical expression of the tapered-wave carried power is derived, which speeds up computations of the normalization factor of scattering coefficients. Numerical results demonstrate that the reduced PEC model does not suffer from ill-posed problems, namely, matrix condition numbers are kept small and solutions are stable under extremely large loss tangent, where normal components of $H$ -field and tangential $E$ -field have vanished. Compared with the previous publications and laboratory measurements, good agreement is observed.


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What is a SOUNDwalk? In a SOUNDwalk, the listening "audience" moves through a place and the environment "performs." The walking listener and the environment create a unique piece together that can only occur during the time of the walk. In a SOUNDwalk we take the time to hear the environment: we are its true ear witnesses. And like any musician, the environment offers us its sounds for our consideration.
NAISA commemorates World Listening Day and the birthday of R. Murray Schafer each year with SOUNDwalks.
No upcoming events programmed yet. Please check later for updates.


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Ahmed Hassan Zewail is an Egyptian scientist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1999 – the first of his race to win such accolade in the field of Science. He is known to be the Father of femtochemistry because of his marvelous works in the area of Physical Chemistry. Zewail is a Physics professor, the Linus Pauling Chair Professor in Chemistry and the Physical Biology Centre director for the UST or the Ultrafast Science and Technology at the prestigious school of California Institute of Technology. Ahmed Zewail is a true living legacy of Science, technology, and innovation that he made his tools into helping Egypt progress as a society in any generation.
Personal Life and Education
Ahmed Zewail came to life in Damanhour, Egypt on the 26th of February, 1946. He was raised in Alexandria by his parents, his father being a mechanic who assembled motorcycles and bicycles and later won a spot in the government local service. His parents were happily married for 50 years, until Hassan, his father died on the 22nd of October, 1992.
Zewail spent educating himself at the University of Alexandria by getting his Bachelor's and Master's degree before moving to the United Sates to finish his Doctorate (PhD) degree under his mentor, Robin Hochstrasser at the University of Pennsylvania. He did not move from Egypt to the United States alone because he had with him his wife whom he met while studying at the University of Alexandria. Ahmed then completed his PhD at the University of Pennsylvania and they had their first born child. Together with his advisor, Charles B. Harris at the University of California, Berkeley, Zewail was able to complete a post-doctoral fellowship.
After Zewail had some post doctorate activities and works at the University of California, Berkeley, he was granted a position as a faculty at Caltech in the year 1976, where he devoted his time and effort, since, and by the year 1990, he was chosen and awarded the first ever Linus Pauling Chair Professor in Chemical Physics. It was in 1982 that Ahmed Zewail was vested and became a naturalized resident of the United States.
Contributions to Science
Ahmed Zewail's main work has been a pioneer and a leader on femtochemistry – an area of physical chemistry that studies the chemical reactions happening in just a matter of femtoseconds. With the use of a rapid technique of ultrafast laser (which consists of ultrashort laser flashes), it allows the chemical reactions' descriptions on a very short span of time – too short to analyze the transition states in several chemical reactions.
His work was based and initially turned out into something with the question, how rapid did the energy inside a large molecule such as the naphthalene, restructure among the entire atomic motions? They had to create an apparatus containing a vacuum chamber for those molecules exuding from the collimated beam source at a supersonic speed. The real challenge would boil down to building an ultrafast laser to be utilized alongside the molecular beam.
The team desired to witness the different processes from birth to death of every molecule. In this particular experiment, the anthracene molecule was isolated. It was through this experiment that Zewail and his team identified the specific movements of molecules and the importance of coherence in each phase of the molecular system. It was proven that the movement of each molecule is coherent, because if not, it would not have been observed in the first place.
The outcome of Zewail team's experiment showed the importance of consistency and its existence in multifaceted molecular systems. The result of consistency and coherence was important through the movement of the molecules. Even before, molecular coherence had never been observed not because of the deficiency in coherence, but due to the deficiency in proper probes. In the experiments on anthracene, energy and time resolutions were initiated and correlated.
While Zewail was continuing his studies on the redistributions of vibrational energy, he began new studies and works on more brief time resolutions for molecules showcasing diverse rational motions and chemical processes.
It was in the year 1999 that Zewail received a Nobel Prize – on which he became third to have won as an Egyptian national but first in the field of Science. He received many different awards and recognitions from his works and experiments. His accolades were awarded by renowned bodies of institutions and he even ended up receiving the Grand Collar of the Nile, which is Egypt's highest honor.
Zewail's dedication to Science has led to political work. Like his father, he entered working for the government. He used Science as his driving force and platform to saving Egypt and saving the world. During the 4th of July, 2009 speech held at Cairo University, the president of the United States Barack Obama announced to the public the new program on Science Envoy as part of the fresh start between the people from the United States and the Muslims all over the world. And on January the following year, Bruce Alberts, Elias Zerhouni, and Ahmed Zewail became the first ever Science emissaries to Islam. They were tasked to visit countries with Muslims as the majority population beginning from the corners of North Africa to the boundaries of Southeast Asia.
Because of his accolades and great achievements in Science and even in political aspects, he was rumored to run for the presidential election of Egypt in 2011 but he justified himself by telling everybody that he had no political agenda or ambitions. All he wanted was to serve Egypt using Science as his armor and frankly voiced out that he strongly chose to die as a scientist and nothing else.
And then the highlight of his undying academic career came – Ahmed Zewail has been nominated and will partake in the PCAST or the Presidential Council of Advisors in Science and Technology presented and created by President Barack Obama. This is an advisory group of the country's pioneer and leading engineers and scientists to make relatively significant pieces of advice for the President and Vice President and put together guidelines in the areas of Science, technology, and invention or innovation.


PRTools
A Matlab toolbox for pattern recognition Imported pages from 37Steps
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<< Good recognition is non-metric: true or false?
Post - Tuesday, June 17th, 2014 a
>>
If the relations between the objects to be recognized are non-metric, there seems to be something wrong. However, Walter Scheirer and his co-authors claim in the August issue of Pattern Recognition that "Good recognition is non-metric", [1]: Is this statement true or false? See also one of the webpages of Walter Scheirer.
Readers of this blog will recognize that the issue of non-metric relation2, or non-Euclidean relations in general, is a frequently returning topic. We found that experts tend to design distance functions between objects in their field of interest that cannot be understood as Euclidean distances between points in a vector space. Moreover, we found that in some applications the non-Euclidean aspect of the data is informative: removing of correcting it deteriorates the recognition performance. See our papers [2] and [3] and the posts of 14 Jan 2013, 21 Jan 2013 and 4 March 2013
metricThe case made in "Good recognition is non-metric", however, is stronger in several ways. First, the title and the paper deal with nonmetricity: distances between three objects disobey the triangle inequality. In spatial terms, the shortest path between two points is not a straight line, but is found by a detour over a third point. In designing distance measures, people usually try to avoid this, which is usually easy. The result may still be non-Euclidean. For a discussion on the difference between non-metric and non-Euclidean, see a previous post.
Second, the title of the paper suggests that nonmetricity is a condition for a good recognition scheme: if it is good it is non-metric, so if it is metric it is not good. We found, on the contrary, that the vast majority of the publicly available distance based datasets are metric, but are often non-Euclidean, which is weaker, and sometimes even just Euclidean. We never got the idea that recognition based on metric distances is necessarily sub-optimal.
The third issue by which the paper makes a stronger point than our studies is that it is not based on given dissimilarities, but on full recognition systems. It presents a meta-study on published procedures and recognition results and inspects the recognition algorithms with respect to possible non-metric relations. In many multi-class problems tackled by pairwise recognition schemes non-metric relations appeared to arise.
3_covariancesWe also pointed to this possibility, but never performed a careful study of the literature on this issue. The above picture illustrates how non-metric data may arise in a multi-class problems with different covariance matrices, but assuming equal covariances in a pairwise approach. The left and the middle class compared by the blue averaged covariance, as well as the middle and right class compared by the green covariance have a small distance compared to the much larger distance between the left and right class using the red covariance. The three distances are in fact measured in three different spaces defined by the three pairwise comparisons.
True or false?
Is the provocative statement made by the title true or false? Human recognition starts in a chaotic world in which all objects are judged as completely different. At some moment we see an object that strikes us because of its similarity with a previous one. What is next? Do we use this basis to enlarge the set, using the similar attributes as the main features? Or do we wait for another pair that construct its own basis?
Any group of objects that is considered as a set of similar ones, constructs a context for judging new observations. Different groups generate different contexts. Every object lives thereby in a set of different spaces, depending om the object or class it is compared with. This is the cause of non-Euclidean relations, not necessarily non-metric. The only way to circumvent this is to create a universal context. However, as Walter Scheirer points out, pairwise comparison of classes usually gives better results than a one-against-rest approach in a single context. It depends on the application and the chosen measures whether the non-Euclidean data will include some non-metric examples. This may happen, but it is not a must.
Allowing non-metric relations carries a risk, as the property of compactness might be lost: if all my friends have a common friend who appears to be my enemy, I have a problem. So some type of neighborhood property should be preserved when we allow non-metric relations. This is a point for further investigation.
Conclusion
The title of the paper points into an interesting direction, but seems to be exaggerating. We definitely agree that a good recognition of real world objects may need the use of non-Euclidean relations. These are not necessarily non-metric. There are reasons to avoid nonmetricity. In many approaches, however, this will not harm.
References
 1. W.J. Scheirer, M.J. Wilber, M. Eckmann, T.E. Boult: Good recognition is non-metric. Pattern Recognition 47(8), 2014, 2721-2731 (2014)
 2. R.P.W. Duin, E. Pekalska, and M. Loog, Non-Euclidean Dissimilarities: Causes, Embedding and Informativeness, in: M. Pelillo (eds.), Similarity-Based Pattern Analysis and Recognition, Advances in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Springer, 2013, 13-44.
 3. R.P.W. Duin, Non- Euclidean Problems in Pattern Recognition Related to Human Expert Knowledge, in: J. Filipe, J. Cordeiro (eds.), Enterprise Information Systems, Revised Selected Papers ICEIS 2010, LNBIP, vol. 73, Springer, 2011, 15-28.


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Why incorporate data into communications?
Special Olympics has many stories that illustrate its impact, but objective data can be used to strengthen these stories. In many cases, this data can make the difference between a nice story and a winning proposal. More and more donors and partners, for example, want evidence that their investment in Special Olympics is truly making a difference. Research data gives them that evidence. The same is true for a media pitch. Journalism is a competitive environment. Reporters have many organizations providing them with information, and use of data can be an effective hook that makes a Special Olympics story stand out from others.
Check out the program research toolkit on this site.


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Last summer, staff at the Arbor Day Farm greenhouse reached out to a select group of members for their help with our hazelnut project.
The Foundation and its Hybrid Hazelnut Consortium partners – Rutgers University, Oregon State University and the University of Nebraska-Lincoln – have worked since 2008 to develop disease-resistant hybrid hazelnuts that will thrive in a variety of soils and climates.
For years, we have been collecting hybrid hazelnuts from participating members, in hopes of getting closer to that so-called "super hazelnut."
The results have been fascinating. Hazelnuts we've gotten back here in Nebraska have been brown, almost black, some even reddish, and of varying sizes. All are healthy and critical to our continued research. Read more about it at the Lied Lodge & Arbor Day Farm Blog.
The benefits of hazelnuts as a perennial woody crop are profound. The leafy bushes are ideal for absorbing carbon dioxide through much of the year. The plants are drought and flood resistant, thus able to be maintained without heavy labor. And, protein-rich nuts provide a healthy source of nutrition for the planet's expanding population. One day, they could help feed healthy nations.
It's happening right here at Arbor Day Farm in Nebraska City – and in the yards of our members across the country.
Photos courtesy of Arbor Day Farm.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Introduction
Welcome! Introduction to what is pointNG and how does it work.
pointNG is a javascript plugin that enables developers to build location-based websites with maximum privacy. It's a piece of code that you can insert to your website and use our functions to create location-based services without the need to worry about privacy-related risks.
Unlike traditional geocoding services, pointNG does not send GPS-coordinate data to external services. It achieves this by using machine learning directly in the browser without sending coordinate-data away to servers.
The features
After installing pointNG to your website, you can use pointNG's functions to identify your website visitor's location. If the visitor accepts the location permission prompt, pointNG will use it's machine learning to securely predict the user's location based on the user's GPS-coordinates. If the visitor does not permit the use of GPS-location, by default, pointNG will use the browser's time zone as a fallback to estimate the user's location.
pointNG let's you define the level you wish to detect GPS-location by using the "level" parameter.
If you wish to give the power to your users to determine the level of identification, pointNG has a user control panel that you can integrate as a widget to your website.
Below is an example installation with all the available parameters configured:
<script src="_URL_
<script>
const pointng = new PointNG({
level: 'country',
api_key: 'YOUR-API-KEY-HERE',
currentWidgetPosition: 'right',
privacyPolicyLink: 'YOUR-PRIVACY-POLICY-URL'
});
pointng.getLocation().then(function(prediction) {
console.log(pointng.prediction)
})
</script>
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In ancient Greece, a mutation arose that resulted in some sheep with Golden Fleece compared to the regular white fleece. However, it was discovered that true-breeding golden-fleeced sheep were impossible to obtain.
- What does it mean by true breeding? (2 marks)
- What is required for a line to become true breeding? (2 marks)
- Propose a genetic reason (hypothesis) why true-breeding golden fleeced sheep may not be possible. Include in your answer symbols to indicate how the phenotypes are related to genotypes. (4 marks)
- What phenotypic ratio would you expect in the progeny if you crossed two sheep both having golden fleece, using your hypothesis? (4 marks)


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ScrumBrawl is a board game where players control fantastic creatures vying for supremacy within the Arena, scoring goals by maneuvering various types of enchanted orbs into portals set within the Arena or fighting other creatures to the death to prevent them from reaching the portals. The 100-card deck contains fifty creatures with different characteristics that determine how the creature interacts with the orbs (throw accuracy, catching ability, and throwing range), how fast a creature can move, and how effective it is in battle. Many creatures also have unique magic abilities that can be used to manipulate gameplay.
When players summon creatures, corresponding creature tokens (miniature cards that stand erect in cardstands) enter the 20x20 square gameboard, known as the Arena, where the orb and portal tokens await the contestants. In a four-player game, players may compete in teams of two. Goals are scored by creatures that maneuver an orb token onto a portal token by picking up, carrying, handing off, and throwing the orb with their creature tokens.
Enchantment cards can be played on creatures to grant them enhanced stats or new abilities as well as make them hardier in combat. Event cards, such a Lightning Storms or Fumbles can change the flow the game in seconds forcing players to constantly rethink their strategies for scoring or engaging in combat.
2-4 players. 60 minute playing time.
Publisher: VicTim Games


Realization of electrical signal monitoring of metal surface modification by means of low-temperature plasma treatment
Boris Brzhozovskii1 , Elena Zinina2 , Vladimir Martynov3 , Aleksandr Sussky4
1, 2, 3, 4Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IMASH RAN), Moscow, Russia
3Corresponding author
Vibroengineering PROCEDIA, Vol. 32, 2020, p. 135-140. _URL_
Received 17 March 2020; accepted 2 April 2020; published 29 June 2020
Copyright © 2020 Boris Brzhozovskii, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Creative Commons License
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Abstract.
The paper shows good prospects of modifying the working surfaces of metal products by low-temperature plasma treatment. We suggest a treatment monitoring method based on the recording of signals that arise in the electrical circuit of the processing unit and present the results of this approach realization. The study substantiates the expediency, assesses possibility, and shows the efficiency of controlling the low-temperature plasma modification based on the correction of its operating parameters according to monitoring data.
Realization of electrical signal monitoring of metal surface modification by means of low-temperature plasma treatment
Highlights
 - Modification of the working surfaces of metal products by means of low-temperature plasma contributes to the formation of their unique strength and corrosion properties.
 - The efficiency of the modification process is increased by implementing its monitoring according to the electrical signal parameters.
 - Correction of the operational parameter values according to monitoring data ensures the modification process stabilization and makes it possible to control its progress.
 - When solving the control problem, it is not the control signal power that is important but its semantic content.
Keywords: metal product, work surface, modification, low-temperature plasma processing, monitoring, electrical signal, control.
1. Introduction
Modification of the working surfaces of metal products for various purposes is one of the promising research directions for increasing their reliability in terms of durability. There are various modification methods (heat treatment, coating, treatment with concentrated electron and photon fluxes, treatment with concentrated ion beams, plasma treatment) that allow modifying the properties of the surface layer to varying degrees and contributing to its hardness increase to varying degrees.
It is known [1] that the best results correspond to a situation in which the modification provides nanostructuring of the surface layer; then its hardness achieves a maximum value. However, the listed methods do not ensure the surface layer nanostructuring, since their main mechanisms of changing its properties are diffusion incorporation and alloying. Besides, the methods have high energy consumption and product exposure time that can lead to a change in their dimensional and geometric parameters, and with their help it is impossible to modify the working surfaces of complex and precision products.
One of the directions of modification is the exposure of the product surface to a low-temperature plasma of a combined discharge according to the method developed by the authors of the article. The exposure is performed in a processing unit (Fig. 1(a)) built for the method implementation and is based on the formation of a plasma cloud directly around the product when electrostatic and microwave electromagnetic fields are applied to it in a process gas medium at a pressure of 300 Pa [2]. An electrostatic field forms a stream of charged plasma particles generated during the ionization of atoms and molecules in a gas due to the electromagnetic field, to the product surface. This contributes to the release of the amount of heat sufficient for melting a thin surface layer, and leads to significant structural and phase changes. As a result, a composite structure is formed in the surface layer, consisting of 30-200 nm particles (nanoclusters) and particles < 10 nm (amorphous bond between clusters), which gives the surface layer unique properties that provide [3]:
– 1.4-2.9-fold improvement of roughness;
– increased wear resistance, 2.35-3.13-fold on average, with a maximum of up to 5.0-fold increase;
– strength improvement by microhardness parameter: 1.5-fold average increase; 2-fold maximum increase;
– 1.5-2.9-fold increase in corrosion resistance in a neutral solution; in acidic solution: 6.0-fold average increase, up to 12-fold maximum.
Modification time is no more than 10-15 minutes, the parameters of the initial dimensional and geometric product accuracy remain unchanged. In this case, most of the energy is spent on the process, unlike other plasma methods where most of the energy is spent on creating plasma, maintaining the its generation conditions and delivery of active particles with energy to the product, followed by scanning them on the surface.
The studies performed showed that the effectiveness of modification depends on how much its operating parameters – the magnetron anode current (Ia) and displacement potential (U) – retain their efficiency under the changing properties of the product surface layer. In this regard, studies have been carried out on the rationale for monitoring the process according to the parameters of the signals arising in the electrical circuit of the processing unit [4-6]. The research results served as the basis for solving the problem of monitoring and evaluating the possibility of controlling the process of low temperature plasma modification in order to increase its efficiency.
Fig. 1. a) Processing unit and b) elements of the feedback channel implemented in it according to the electric signal parameters: 1 – resistor sensor, 2 – analog-to-digital converter
 a) Processing unit and b) elements of the feedback channel implemented in it according to the electric signal parameters: 1 – resistor sensor, 2 – analog-to-digital converter
a)
 a) Processing unit and b) elements of the feedback channel implemented in it according to the electric signal parameters: 1 – resistor sensor, 2 – analog-to-digital converter
b)
2. Approaches and results
The problem was solved in three stages. At the first stage, a feedback channel was formed (Fig. 1(b)), which enabled recording and transmitting electrical signals to the processing unit control system (Fig. 1(a)). For the quantitative assessment of the processed signals, the Hurst statistics (H) [5, 7] was used, which is the slope angle of the log regression line of the averaged values of signal swings (R) normalized to the standard deviation (S), as the differences between the maximum (Xmax) and the minimum (Xmin) deviations of the signal from the average value (Fig. 2(a)) accumulated over a fixed time interval t, and which reflects the effect of each averaged indicator (i.e. actually the structure of the signal) on the direction and the degree of its change (Fig. 2(b)). The reliability of Hurst statistics calculation depends on the length of the electrical signal and its sampling frequency.
At the second stage, a monitoring algorithm and its software were developed using the Microsoft .NET Framework version 4.5. Data is obtained using RSH Software Development Kit version 2.1.
The algorithm consists of the following steps:
1) data input for monitoring: the duration in the number of points n of recording an electrical signal with frequency fd; signal recording frequency tp; the product processing time T at the given values of Ia and U; number of points m, starting from which the significance of the trend change of Hurst statistics H is assessed; table value of Student t-criterion tα,m-2; Ch parameter used to form arrays of obtained values H;
2) signal registration during product processing;
3) statistics H calculation; formation of an array of calculated values;
4) if the volume of the array is greater than or equal to m, then the construction of the linear regression equation and the estimation of its angular coefficient significance using Student's tcriterion [4], otherwise, the transition to checking the condition for the end of processing time;
5) if the angular coefficient is insignificant, then checking the condition for the end of processing time;
6) if the angular coefficient is significant, then checking its sign;
7) if the sign is positive, then notification on the need to correct the operating parameters values with the subsequent return to signal registration;
8) if the sign is negative, then the formation of a new array for storing the values of Hurst statistics and checking the condition for the end of processing time;
9) if the processing time has not ended, then the signal registration continues;
10) end of work.
Fig. 2. a) Initial data and b) calculation pattern of Hurst statistics: points represent the values of normalized accumulated ranges R/S calculated according to cumulative curves a), the right line is the regression line
 a) Initial data and b) calculation pattern of Hurst statistics: points represent the values of normalized accumulated ranges R/S calculated according to cumulative curves a), the right line is the regression line
a)
 a) Initial data and b) calculation pattern of Hurst statistics: points represent the values of normalized accumulated ranges R/S calculated according to cumulative curves a), the right line is the regression line
b)
The results of the algorithm testing and analyzing electrical signals recorded on the processing unit during experiments with a RX-10 alloy sample on various combinations of Ia and U values showed (Table 1) that they do not have a characteristic scale, i.e. are fractal (Fig. 3), and characterize the behavior of the process of exposure to low-temperature plasma on the surface as chaotic, especially if


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You know the feeling; you've just finished ten miles walking across gruelling but breathtaking countryside and you're feeling rather pleased with yourself after having conquered that seemingly never-ending summit and finally having arrived safely back at your base-camp. Perhaps you may be sat with a sandwich and a well earned glass of beer in front of a traditional country pub's log fire, exchanging stories with locals and fellow walkers. And then, once the adrenalin wears off and you get your breath back, you begin to ask yourself the question: why do my legs and feet hurt after walking.
The initial euphoria of your hiking success dissipates as you begin to feel the inevitable aches and tightening sensations on your leg muscles. They begin to realise that you're no longer giving them the strenuous work-out you had been doing and start to contract quickly.
As the muscles relax and contract, often the build up of lactic acid that is formed when heavy exercise is undertaken, can lead to cramps, especially in those whose muscles become fatigued more quickly.
Feet can also hurt after walking because of several factors including cramp. However, one of the most common ways that feet hurt after walking is down to the dreaded blister - the walker's curse. Blisters form where there is additional friction on the skin which has been caused by repeated motion and sometimes exacerbated by ill-fitting socks and walking shoes. Blisters are actually nature's way of protecting the area that has been damaged, by providing a last ditch attempt at providing a 'pillow' of fluid beneath the skin to protect the body underneath it. However, they can be very painful if, after they've formed the person needs to continue walking and worst of all if the blister bursts.
When a blister bursts (this can be because the blister's owner has deliberately burst it or because continuous wear from further walking friction has caused it) the protective bubble disappears, and whilst blisters can be uncomfortable by making walking or wearing footwear more difficult, bursting them is many times more painful and can lead to the area becoming infected.
So, the question 'why do my legs and feet hurt after walking' could be due to these two most common reasons. However, with a little rest and some proper warming-down exercises, cramp can be avoided to some extent and if they do appear, they can pass relatively quickly. Rest and a good hot shower will often be all a walker needs to help warm up the muscles, prevent cramps and give those blisters a break by taking the weight of their legs.


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Those in Toronto or the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), who have bought a home and secured a home loan are able to take out a second mortgage for a number of reasons through private lenders. Lenders will expect monthly payments with interest. The average interest rates on a second mortgage in Toronto and the GTA can expect to pay are 10%-18%. Lenders may provide a full value loan, however most loans are frequently 80%-85%. There are a number of reasons Toronto residents may be wish to secure a second mortgage.
Some reasons you might benefit from a second mortgage
- To acquire funds to renovate or remodel your home.
- To attend to more urgent debts, such as auto loans or credit lines with high interest rates.
- To pay for your child's educational expenses.
- To invest in stocks or another investment.
Second mortgages in Toronto should be handled with care, but if you have determined that a second mortgage is a solution you wish to pursue, you will need to be savvy about your approach and do a lot of research to avoid exploitation and get the most out of their second mortgage.
There are some important points and tips you should take into consideration.
- Second mortgages are considered a high risk loan, which means slightly higher interest rates.
- You should have a good credit score to ensure paying the lowest interest rates.
- Second mortgages are usually provided by private lenders and small financial institutions.
- Second mortgages tend to be interest only.
- One year terms are typical for private lenders in Toronto, but at the end of the year you may be able to renew the loan.
It is highly recommended to have a lawyer to help you negotiate your second mortgage. This could cost up to $2000 in legal fees. However, this representation is imperative and any trustworthy institutions will require it.
In an application for your second mortgage, lenders are looking for a few things in candidates for a loan.
- Equity, or the money you have readily available in savings, investments or otherwise reserved.
- The information provided by your credit history and your current credit score.
- Debt and how your debt compares to your monthly income.
- What your income is currently, and whether large gaps in employment are frequent over the course of your employment history.
Essentially, reliable borrower history as well as an unquestionable ability to pay off the loans are the primary factors to be considered when you're asking yourself if a second mortgage is for you. Once you have taken all of this information into consideration, you should be ready to proceed in seeking a second mortgage.


Laughlin's nu=1/3 wave function
[- Laughlin wave function -]
[Picture stolen from Tom Duff, Bell Labs picture gallery]
The full Laughlin wave function is a many-electron state and therefore impossible to visualise in three dimensions. What is shown here is the probability density for one electron to be found at a certain position, in a situation where all the other electrons (the balls) are frozen in place in a regular lattice.
The arrows through the electrons indicate magnetic flux. When the filling fraction is exactly 1/3, there are presicely three magnetic flux quanta per electron in the sample. The picture is not correct, since an electron actually monopolises two flux quanta, not three, to become a composite fermion. The third flux should be smeared out.
Back.


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Surge in penetration of carbon fiber component in the automotive industry, rise in demand for high-performance carbon fiber in the aerospace & defense, and government regulation for emission control have boosted the growth of the global carbon fiber market. The market across North America held the lion's share in 2017, contributing to more than one-third of the market.
According to the report, the global carbon fiber market was pegged at $2.76 billion in 2017, and is projected to reach $5.99 billion by 2025, registering a CAGR of 11.7% from 2018 to 2025.
Surge in penetration of carbon fiber component in the automotive industry, rise in demand for high-performance carbon fiber in the aerospace & defense, and government regulation for emission control have boosted the growth of the global carbon fiber market. However, high price of carbon fiber and long product cycle and unavailability of carbon fibers hamper the market. On the contrary, increase in application of carbon fiber in wind turbines and rise in use carbon fiber in the medical industry are expected to create lucrative opportunities for the market players in the coming years.
Download Free PDF Sample Report (Including COVID-19 effect Analysis) @ _URL_
Covid-19 scenario: The global carbon fiber market is greatly affected by the Covid-19 outbreak.
- Due to lockdown in several countries, the manufacturing of automotive is temporarily suspended.
- However, the political instability in the Asia-Pacific region is expected to increase the demand for carbon fibers from the defense industry.
The global carbon fiber market is divided on the basis of raw material, type, end-use industry, and geography. Based on raw material, the market is classified into PAN-based carbon fiber, pitch-based & rayon-based carbon fiber. The pan-based carbon fiber held the largest share in 2017, accounting for around 90% of the market. Moreover, the segment is expected to register 11.8% during the forecast period.
Schedule a FREE Consultation Call with Our Analysts/Industry Experts to Find Solution for Your Business @ _URL_
On the basis of type, the market is divided into continuous, long, and short. The continuous carbon fiber segment is projected to manifest the highest CAGR through 2025. Based on form, the market is divided into composite and non-composite. The composite segment held the largest share in 2017, contributing to more than 95% of the market.
On the basis of end-use industry, the market is categorized into aerospace & defense, sports/leisure, wind turbines, molding & compounds, automotive, pressure vessels, civil engineering, marine, pultrusion misc., misc. consumer, sailing/yacht building, and others. The aerospace & defense segment held the largest share in 2017, and is expected to register the highest CAGR of 10.5% during the forecast period.
The global carbon fiber market is analyzed across several regions such as North America, Asia-Pacific, Europe, and LAMEA. The market across North America held the lion's share in 2017, contributing to more than one-third of the market. On the other hand, the market across Europe region held the second-largest share in 2017.
The global carbon fiber market report includes an in-depth analysis of the market players such as Toho Tenax Co., Zoltek Companies, Inc., Crosby Composites, Formosa Plastics, TenCate, Plasan Carbon Composites, Mitsubishi Plastics, AKSA, Gurit and GKN.
Interested in Procuring this Report? Visit Here: _URL_
Allied Market Research (AMR) is a full-service market research and business -consulting wing of Allied Analytics LLP based in Portland, Oregon. Allied Market Research provides global enterprises as well as medium and small businesses with unmatched quality of "Market Research Reports" and "Business Intelligence Solutions." AMR has a targeted view to provide business insights and consulting to assist its clients to make strategic business decisions and achieve sustainable growth in their respective market domain.
We are in professional corporate relations with various companies and this helps us in digging out market data that helps us generate accurate research data tables and confirms utmost accuracy in our market forecasting. Each and every data presented in the reports published by us is extracted through primary interviews with top officials from leading companies of domain concerned. Our secondary data procurement methodology includes deep online and offline research and discussion with knowledgeable professionals and analysts in the industry.


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BMW invests €200 million on its "Battery Cell Competence Centre"
A new initiative dedicated to battery cell technology researchby Sagar, on
You know things are actually getting serious when stalwarts like the BMW are putting their money and testing out electricity to power their future machines.
The new "Battery Cell Competence Centre" coming up in Munich, the brand's headquarters, is BMW's vision and commitment to developing the next generation of energy systems that will be powered by advanced battery cell technology.
So far, the history of EVs' has not been a fairy-tale story. But with BMW, the vast amount of experience, skill and financial resources could allow for some real development into producing better battery performance, lifespan, safety, charging, and also cut down on costs, which has been one of the major issues current energy storage solutions are tipping over.
The battery cell, being the heart of any electric storage unit, is the key component that will determine the performance, energy content, charging capabilities and lifespan of the battery. And hence BMW justifies its 200 million euros investment into this significant entity that will eventually determine the performance of an electrified vehicle.
The center will foster battery research and prototyping that will include testing different materials and compositions under varied conditions like temperatures and pressures. Specialist departments will study on cell design and cell technology to facilitate compact structures that can carry maximum capacities.
BMW is already developing its 5th generation electric drivetrain systems for its vehicles that will integrate electric motor, transmission and power electronics in a single electric-drive component. Expect this to power electric-vehicles by the year 2021.
Although these innovations will cater BMW's automobile models like the i-series, BMW Motorrad will also avail these concepts for they already have the C Evolution electric scooter paving the way for the two-wheeled counterparts.
BMW is not some run off the mill company making electric transportation. It has a rich 101 years that made savvy business taking some of the boldest decision after foreseeing the company's future.
This, I believe, is one of them.


What is the cost of owning a cat? Information for beginners
Cats make amazing pets for everyone, but what is the cost of owning a cat? By recognizing it, many pet owners can offer their cats the best possible care.
How much does it cost to have a cat?
Having a cat at home is one of the most rewarding experiences for every household. But the cost of owning a cat should be an important thing to consider. It's highly variable as it comes to cat ownership. The cost matters a lot because it affects straight the quality and kind of pet care that your cat might receive. For some people, their love for cats is the biggest concern instead of the cost.
However, knowing that cats costing a great deal would help all cat owners find the best plan to get well-prepared. That helps them offer the essential care for their pets.
==> Can cats see ghosts? Let's find out this mysterious question.
==> How To Give Cool Cat Names To Your Pets?
What is the cost of owning a cat?
The average cost of owning a cat is around $809 per year. Since every cat can live from 9 to 15 years. As a result, you will need to spend a lifetime cost of $7,646 to $12,500. In reality, a few cat breeds probably end up costing you about $33.408! Bear in mind that most feline buddies tend to live for 18 years. Therefore, before getting a cat, it's best to consider the costs of raising them for that period.
cost of owning a cat
For details, we'd like to list out the average expenses of owning a cat:
Cost of buying a cat
If you intend to buy a domestic cat from a well-known breeder or a reliable rescue home, it would be from $70 to $208. You could spend more than that, with the price of over $1392 on Maine Coon, Russian Blue, and Norwegian Forest cats. Besides, several families are finding their beloved furry friends on the streets. And guess what? Both adoption cost and vaccination cost possibly go up.
For older cats, the cost of cat adoption would be as low as $50 only. Besides, it depends on where you adopt the animal from. What if you've just adopted from a shelter? Then go to save as much as $200, following the claim of a doctor of vet medicine in Manhattan, Kansas. In case you're a vet, then it's possible for you earn a discount on adoption fees.
Cost of caring for a cat
Now it comes to how much do your cats cost to take care of? It depends on. So one of the best ways to save more on vet costs would be to maintain your cat as healthy as possible in the first place. What's else? Never think of skipping any vet visit and always get updated with vaccines. As you know, every emergency clinic service is quite expensive, so make frequent visits to the vet center would keep them strong.
Along with that, all cat owners can check pet insurance. Doing that will help them set aside for unwanted illnesses for that long. Those plans cost around $10 – $40 and will cover different needs. In short, the cost of a cat's healthcare varies from one pet to another. It bases on some particular elements, such as genetic predispositions, breed, and whether your cat is an indoor or outdoor one.
Cost of feeding a cat
=> Keeping Track Your Budget With The Best Cheap Cat Food
cost of owning a cat
Your cat needs its food to gain all the essential nutrients they require. Thus, costs vary remarkably by brand, the size of the cat, and its lifestyle. A cat adult needs to consume 2 pouches of wet food and 20 g of dry food every day.
Note that feeding a cat usually costs you less than feeding a dog. But the food bill remains a crucial part not to be missed here. Each year, you can expect to spend from $140 to $278 based on what type of cat food you're purchasing. Only decent food for cats is good for the pet's health though it might cost more than expected. Also, ensure to check the ingredients to ensure you're owning a higher content of meat.
In case you don't know, it's best to control the cost of preparing cat raw food. To do that, make sure to get from reliable or well-known suppliers. You can easily save some dollars at the supermarkets when doing so. Let's get raw meat in bulk, and don't forget to use more discount offers if possible. Go for affordable cuts of meat.
Cost of cat toys and bed
=> Best Cheap Cat Beds in 2021: Reviews and Buying Guide
There are so many extra costs as it comes to owning a cat. Not only does your cat need the essential things, like a bed, there are also more important things like litter trays. And it might cost you around $278 per year to cover those expenses. Must-have items you cannot ignore to keep a healthy lifestyle for your cat are scratching posts. Well, it still depends on you and your cat.
However, to help maintain your furniture from getting damaged or scratched up, getting them toys is a great idea. Some people would spend $25 only a year on cat toys, and they also have the feather toy. Instead of it, let your cat enjoy its great time with an empty box or an empty bag. For its more fun, how about chasing your feline friend around the house?
cost of owning a cat
Cost of cat insurance
It's the same as when you need health insurance, your kitty also needs health insurance. Most pet insurance costs vary depending on the cat breed and the insurer. A cat owner is likely to spend $252 per year. Like I said, to keep the costs down, let's keep your cat as healthy as you can right from the day of its birth or adoption.
Premium tends to increase much once the pet turns 6 or 7. Next, you probably struggle to get insurance as they turn to 8 or 9. We recommend you to earn a one-year policy in the early times. Before choosing any policy, consider the maximum payout every year and the reimbursement rate.
Cost of cat vaccinations
As a cat owner, you might like to keep your pet vaccinated to fight against rabies and other respiratory illnesses. It costs about $80 on vaccinations for kitties in their early years. Afterwards, the costs decreases to $50 per year to keep a healthy cat for you. Try to search more information on the internet for low-cost health clinics that offer pet vaccinations.
If you're adopting it, the adoption center would inform you about these clinics. To help protect your kittens, they need two sets of vaccinations for startup. At nine weeks old, your pet must have the first set while the second set should get done at their three months old. Those sets help them enhance the immune system.
Cost of cat grooming
cost of owning a cat
=> Shrinking From Cat Shedding Hair With The Best Cat Self Groomers
Every domestic cat needs frequent brushing to prevent mats from sticking to its coat. Grooming criteria would depend on the breed of your cat, and its coat. The average cost of cat grooming is around $50 with pet owners who have to spend from $30 to $70. A few other facilities might charge you for a package while others provide you with a basic bath only.
Keep in mind that frequent grooming will help lower cat hair allergens in the house, so make it easier for your cat to groom by itself. Once cats do it themselves, their tongues can draw fur in. Long-haired cats need more grooming, and pet owners always want to take them to get groomed professionally. The longer your cat's hair, the more difficult the task of grooming and the higher the price.
Cost of getting a cat neutered
For those who encounter a box of kitties, or let a stray cat enter your house, then you're responsible for getting it neutered and vaccinated. Such a surgery costs $300 in a total. There's another option for you to take your kitten to a lower-cost clinic. This gets run by nonprofits and every surgery gets carried out by licensed vets.
The cost of neutering increases up if you want your vet to microchip the pet in the surgery. Your vet can insert a little microchip under the skin of your cat. When your cat is lost, this microchip can get scanned, and then your pet is claimed to get back to you. The cost of inserting this chip is around $14, and this cost might vary.
Final words
In general, you probably get the answer to the question "what is the cost of owning a cat?". The average cost of a cat varies based on the breed of cat, age, and your lifestyle. For the basics, it costs in a minimum of $405 for the initial year, and about $340 for every year after. By knowing these costs, you and other pet owners no longer get surprised at how much it costs to have a cat per year.
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identifier is the constant LD_RTCP (TBD). SSRC: 32 bits SSRC is the synchronization source identifier for the sender of this packet. Backward Message Payload: variable The syntax and semantics of the backward messages are usually defined in each standard. For example, the backward message of NEWPRED is defined in ISO/IEC 14496-2 [2] and ITU-T H.263 [3]. All messages are byte aligned. Normally one backward message is mapped onto one LD-RTCP packet, and several messages with same BMT could be continuously mapped onto one LD-RTCP packet. One message SHALL NOT be fragmented into different LD-RTCP packets. Fukunaga/Kimata [page 4] Low delay RTCP format for backward messages July 2000 If the syntax and semantics of some tools are not defined in any standard, the special payload format will be defined here. 5. References 1. Bradner, S., "The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3," BCP 9, RFC 2026, October 1996. 2. ISO/IEC 14496-2:1999/Amd.1:2000, "Information technology - Coding of audio-visual objects - Part2: Visual", July 2000. 3. ITU-T Recommendation H.263, "Video Coding for Low Bit Rate Communication," January 1998. 4. Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997 5. Schulzrinne, H., Casner, S., Frederick, R. and V. Jacobson, "RTP: A Transport Protocol for real-time applications", RFC 1889, January 1996. 6. Author's Addresses Shigeru Fukunaga Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. 1-2-27 Shiromi, Chuo-ku, Osaka _PHONE_ Japan. Email: _EMAIL_ Hideaki Kimata Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation 1-1, Hikari-no-oka, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa _PHONE_ Japan. Email: _EMAIL_.jp Fukunaga/Kimata [page 5]


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Sometimes, we want to display loading image or animation or text when fire every ajax request. In not for only one ajax request, but if you want to load image on every ajax request then you can do that using bellow example.
I use ajaxStart() and ajaxComplete() function for show image until All POST or GET Ajax request. this both function will execute one each $.ajax request.
If you are very fresher in jquery and you don't know how to work post ajax request then bellow example can help you. i gave you the example of POST ajax request with json, you can also easily modify this example. you also fire GET ajax request using this example. bellow example is a pretty simple to undestand how to work $.ajax method. so let's see bellow example and try to undestand.
JQuery Ajax Demo


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pISSN : 1598-706X / eISSN : 2288-8381
한국주조공학회지 (11권3호 245-253)
A Study on the Thermal Stresses Analysis of the Flat Mould
평평한 금형(金型)의 열응력(熱應力)에 관한 연구(硏究)
Soo -Hong Min*, Bon -Kwon Koo**. Ok -Sam Kim*
*In Ha University, **Seoul National University Of Science & Technolocy
It is known that the analysis of thermal stresses is substantially important in optimal design of casting mould. In this paper unsteady state thermal stresses generated in ingot and mould during the solidification process are analyzed by the two dimensional thermal elasto-plastic analysis. Distribution of temperature and stress of the mould is calculated using the finite element method and compared with experimental result. The significant results obtained in this study are as follows. At the early stage of the casting process, abrupt temperature change was shown in the vicinity of the inner surface of the mould. The largest temperature gradient is occurred at the corner of the mould. In the thermal stress analysis, compressible stress occurred in the inside wall of the mould where as tensile stress on outside wall. Smaller thermal stress is observed at the rounded corner. It is also observed that the shown is influenced by the thickness of the wall. A fairly good coincidence is found between analytical and experimental results, showing that the proposed analytical methodology is reliable.


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The number of houses that can be served by a water pipe varies directly as the square of the diameter of the pipe. A water pipe that has a 10-centimeter can supply 40 houses.
a) How many houses can be served by a water pipe that has a 40-centimeter diameter?
b) What size of water pipe is needed for a new subdivision of 1960 houses?
a) A water pipe that has a 40-centimeter diameter can supply 640 houses.
b) A water pipe that a 70 –centimeter diameter can supply 1960 houses.


Asymmetry of the neutrino mean free path in hot neutron matter under strong magnetic fields
Not scheduled
15m
HOTEL CAP ROIG
HOTEL CAP ROIG
Platja d'Aro, Girona, Spain
Speaker
Dr Isaac Vidana (INFN, Sezione di Catania)
Description
The neutrino mean free path in neutron matter under a strong magnetic field is evaluated for the inelastic scattering reaction and studied as a function of the neutron matter density in the range $0.05 \leq \rho \leq 0.4$ fm$^{-3}$ for several temperatures up to 30 MeV and magnetic field strengths B=0 G, $10^{18}$ G and $2.5\times 10^{18}$ G. Polarized neutron matter is described within the non--relativistic Brueckner--Hartree--Fock (BHF) approach using the Argonne V18 nucleon-nucleon potential supplemented with the Urbana IX three-nucleon force. Explicit expressions of the cross section per unit volume for the scattering of a neutrino with a spin up or spin down neutron are derived from the Fermi Golden rule. Our results show that the mean free path depends strongly on the angle of the incoming neutrino, leading to an asymmetry in this quantity. This asymmetry depends on the magnetic field intensity and on the density, but it is rather independent of the temperature. For a density of $0.16$ fm$^{-3}$ at a temperature T$=30$MeV, the asymmetry in the mean free path is found to be of $\sim 15\%$ for B=$10^{18}$G and $\sim 38\%$ for B=$2.5 \times 10^{18}$G.
Primary author
Dr Isaac Vidana (INFN, Sezione di Catania)
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So says Dr. Jorge Parada, medical director of the infection prevention and control program at Loyola University Health System. Parada cautioned that as soon as something touches an unclean surface, it picks up dirt and bacteria.
"A dropped item is immediately contaminated and can't really be sanitized," said Parada in a health system news release. The amount of bacteria and what type of microbes are involved depend on the object that is dropped and where it falls, he added.
Rising off contaminated items with water may not clean them entirely, but it could significantly reduce the amount of bacteria on it, Parada noted.
"Maybe the dropped item only picks up 1,000 bacteria, but typically the inoculum, or amount of bacteria that is needed for most people to actually get infected, is 10,000 bacteria — well, then the odds are that no harm will occur," he said.
That's not the case for items that are "cleaned" by licking them off or putting them in the mouth.
"That is double-dipping," Parada explained. "You are exposing yourself to bacteria and you are adding your own bacteria to that which contaminated the dropped item. No one is spared anything with this move."


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Calculating Fuel Tank Capacity
If you're curious about your fuel tank capacity, here is a simple formula to determine the size of your gas tank in gallons.
Simply multiply the length, width, and height (L x W x H) of the gas tank, then divide the total by 231. 231 is the number of cubic inches in one gallon of gasoline.
There are other formulas used for cylindrical tank volumes, however, we use this formula because most Jeep gas tanks are rectangular.
One thing to note when calculating fuel tank capacity is that some tanks can hold more volume than advertised, but you should only fill it to the specified limit when you purchased the item.
For Example, a Cherokee XJ tank measuring 33 inches long, 20 inches wide, and 13 inches high will result in a 37-gallon capacity. However, you may see it advertised as a 20-gallon tank. It may also be because the tank has a pan and internal vent within, occupying space that would otherwise be occupied by gas. When determining your Jeep tank volume, you should slowly fill the tank to avoid overfilling.
Refer to our fuel system diagrams to ensure you're getting the right tank and accessories for your restoration project.


Easiest Steps To Build A Face Filter App With Flutter and Deep AR
Face filter1.png Hello everyone, I'm excited to be sharing this article with you all.
At the end of this article, you will learn how to build a Face Filter App from scratch using Flutter and Deep AR.
So let start.
What is DeepAR?
DeepAR is a web platform that provides an SDK for Snapchat kind of 3D face filters, face lenses, and effects for any iOS, Android, Unity, or HTML5 app. The platform makes use of a technology called Augmented Reality (AR).
So what is Augmented Reality (AR)? Augmented Reality is a new technological system that allows introducing virtual contents and information onto the physical world as if they're actually there with you.
In other to build a Face Filter App from scratch using Flutter and Deep AR, you need to follow these simple steps below:
Step 1: Creating a new Flutter project.
You can create a flutter application using Visual Studio, IntelliJ, or Android studio.
After successfully creating a flutter project, Open "pubspec.yaml", and install the camera_deep_ar and path package.
 camera_deep_ar: ^0.0.1
Step 2: Create a Deep AR account.
Log on to _URL_ to create an account,
At the top right corner of the site click on "Sign Up", to create an account but if you have an account with Deep AR, click on "Log in".
1_0ujfcgCZNRC-9S2ZW9T8Og.png To "Sign Up" Deep AR only requires you to enter your email address and password.
1_0ujfcgCZNRC-9S2ZW9T8Og.png Once you have provided the necessary details required, Deep AR will send a link to the email address you provided while signing up.
1_bqi6oHADGEv_uQXYT0BzWw.png Click on the link sent to your email address and log into your Deep AR account.
1_bqi6oHADGEv_uQXYT0BzWw.png On successfully Log in, your Deep AR logged-in page will look like this image below.
Step 3: Creating a new Deep AR project.
To create a new Deep AR project, click on the + icon.
Note: For the sake of this tutorial, the number of monthly active users will be 10 which is Free.
When done, click on the "Get Started" button to navigate to the next screen.
1_bqi6oHADGEv_uQXYT0BzWw.png Next, we are going to name our Deep AR project "Flutter_with_DeepAR", click on the "I agree to terms and conditions" option, and click on "Create Project" to complete the project creation process.
Congratulations, you have successfully created your very first Deep AR project.
Step 4: Adding Deep AR to your android app.
Click on the "Add android app" button
On the App name field, enter "flutter_with_deepar", while the App ID will be "com.promise.flutter_deepar".
Note: To get the App ID for your Flutter project, goto android >> app >> build.gradle and copy the applicationId.
android {
 defaultConfig {
 applicationId "com.example.myapp"
 minSdkVersion 15
 targetSdkVersion 24
 versionCode 1
 versionName "1.0"
1_bqi6oHADGEv_uQXYT0BzWw.png Click on "Create app" to complete the Deep AR configuration for the android app.
1_bqi6oHADGEv_uQXYT0BzWw.png Note: Your Android App key should be kept private.
Step 5: Modifying your Flutter project.
Add this rule to your proguard-rules.pro file, to do so goto android >> app >> and create a new file, the name should be proguard-rules.pro, add these rules to your created proguard-rules.pro file
-keepclassmembers class ai.deepar.ar.DeepAR { *; }
-dontwarn android.**
-keep class io.flutter.app.** { *; }
-keep class io.flutter.plugin.** { *; }
-keep class io.flutter.util.** { *; }
-keep class io.flutter.view.** { *; }
-keep class io.flutter.** { *; }
-keep class io.flutter.plugins.** { *; }
Modify your build.gradle file, do that goto android >> app >> build.gradle file
defaultConfig {
 applicationId "com.promise.flutter_deepar"
 // MinSdkVersion should be set to 19 or above
 minSdkVersion 19
 targetSdkVersion 29
 versionCode flutterVersionCode.toInteger()
 versionName flutterVersionName
buildTypes {
 release {
 signingConfig signingConfigs.debug
 // add the proguard-rules.pro to your build.gradle file
Note: The minSdkVersion for android should be 19 and above while for iOS it's 10 and above.
Open the AndroidManifest.xml file and add the following permissions.

 android:required="true" />

Finally, Open your main.dart file and add this code below:
Test run your app using a physical device or an emulator.
Face filter 3.png Congratulation, you have built your first Face Filter App with Flutter and Deep AR.
If you found this article helpful and educating, please hit the clap button 👏 as many times as you can to show your support!
To get my latest updates and happenings from the world of Flutter, and mobile app development, follow me on Twitter, Facebook, Linkedin, and Github.
My name is Promise Amadi. I am a writer and Flutter Developer. I work with startups across the globe to build mobile solutions using Flutter. I'm open to collaboration on Flutter-based projects. Send an e-mail to.
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BAR 38:02, Mar/Apr 2012
Tales from Tombstones
Amid the desolate, rocky wasteland of Biblical Zoar, Konstantinos Politis and others have discovered hundreds of remarkable tombstones that preserve detailed portraits of life—and death—among the Christians and Jews who once dwelled there. The often brightly colored and intricately decorated stones are a treasure trove of information about these two communities during the fourth to sixth centuries C.E. when Zoar (then known as Zoara or Zoora) was the seat of a major Christian bishopric and also home to a significant Jewish population.
In the accompanying article, two scholars expert in interpreting the epitaphs and iconography of these burial markers—Professor Steven Fine of Yeshiva University in New York and Kalliope I. Kritikakou-Nikolaropoulou of the National Hellenic Research Foundation in Athens, Greece—provide separate discussions of the Jewish and Christian tombstones of Zoar. Each examines the host of names, occupations and religious titles found within the communities, as well as the unique symbols and dating formulas that both groups used for their eternal memorials to the dead.


@192.168.0.1
In the example above, messages are forwarded via UDP to the machine 192.168.0.1, the destination port defaults to 514. Messages will not be compressed.
Note that IPv6 addresses contain colons. So if an IPv6 address is specified in the hostname part, rsyslogd could not detect where the IP address ends and where the port starts. There is a syntax extension to support this: put square brackets around the address (e.g. "[2001::1]"). Square brackets also work with real host names and IPv4 addresses, too.
A valid sample to send messages to the IPv6 host 2001::1 at port 515 is as follows:
*.* @[2001::1]:515
This works with TCP, too.
Note to sysklogd users: sysklogd does not support RFC 3164 format, which is the default forwarding template in rsyslog. As such, you will experience duplicate hostnames if rsyslog is the sender and sysklogd is the receiver. The fix is simple: you need to use a different template. Use that one:
$template sysklogd,"<%PRI%>%TIMESTAMP% %syslogtag%%msg%\""
*.* @192.168.0.1;sysklogd
List of Users
Usually critical messages are also directed to "root'' on that machine. You can specify a list of users that shall get the message by simply writing ":omusrmsg: followed by the login name. For example, the send messages to root, use ":omusrmsg:root". You may specify more than one user by separating them with commas (",''). Do not repeat the ":omusrmsg:" prefix in this case. For example, to send data to users root and rger, use ":omusrmsg:root,rger" (do not use ":omusrmsg:root,:omusrmsg:rger", this is invalid). If they're logged in they get the message.
Everyone logged on
Emergency messages often go to all users currently online to notify them that something strange is happening with the system. To specify this wall(1)-feature use an asterisk as the user message destination(":omusrmsg:*'').
Call Plugin
This is a generic way to call an output plugin. The plugin must support this functionality. Actual parameters depend on the module, so see the module's doc on what to supply. The general syntax is as follows:
:modname:params;template
Currently, the ommysql database output module supports this syntax (in addition to the ">" syntax it traditionally supported). For ommysql, the module name is "ommysql" and the params are the traditional ones. The ;template part is not module specific, it is generic rsyslog functionality available to all modules.
As an example, the ommysql module may be called as follows:
:ommysql:dbhost,dbname,dbuser,dbpassword;dbtemplate
For details, please see the "Database Table" section of this documentation.
Note: as of this writing, the ":modname:" part is hardcoded into the module. So the name to use is not necessarily the name the module's plugin file is called.
Database Table
This allows logging of the message to a database table. Currently, only MySQL databases are supported. However, other database drivers will most probably be developed as plugins. By default, a MonitorWare-compatible schema is required for this to work. You can create that schema with the createDB.SQL file that came with the rsyslog package. You can also use any other schema of your liking - you just need to define a proper template and assign this template to the action. The database writer is called by specifying a greater-then sign (">") in front of the database connect information. Immediately after that sign the database host name must be given, a comma, the database name, another comma, the database user, a comma and then the user's password. If a specific template is to be used, a semicolon followed by the template name can follow the connect information. This is as follows: >dbhost,dbname,dbuser,dbpassword;dbtemplate
Important: to use the database functionality, the MySQL output module must be loaded in the config file BEFORE the first database table action is used. This is done by placing the
$ModLoad ommysql
directive some place above the first use of the database write (we recommend doing at the beginning of the config file).
Discard / Stop
If the discard action is carried out, the received message is immediately discarded. No further processing of it occurs. Discard has primarily been added to filter out messages before carrying on any further processing. For obvious reasons, the results of "discard" are depending on where in the configuration file it is being used. Please note that once a message has been discarded there is no way to retrieve it in later configuration file lines.
Discard can be highly effective if you want to filter out some annoying messages that otherwise would fill your log files. To do that, place the discard actions early in your log files. This often plays well with property-based filters, giving you great freedom in specifying what you do not want.
Discard is just the word "stop" with no further parameters:
stop
For example,
*.* stop
discards everything (ok, you can achieve the same by not running rsyslogd at all…).
Note that in legacy configuration the tilde character "~" can also be used instead of the word "stop".
Output Channel
Binds an output channel definition (see there for details) to this action. Output channel actions must start with a $-sign, e.g. if you would like to bind your output channel definition "mychannel" to the action, use "$mychannel". Output channels support template definitions like all all other actions.
Shell Execute
NOTE: This action is only supported for backwards compatibility. For new configs, use omprog instead. It provides a more solid and secure solution with higher performance.
This executes a program in a subshell. The program is passed the template-generated message as the only command line parameter. Rsyslog waits until the program terminates and only then continues to run.
^program-to-execute;template
The program-to-execute can be any valid executable. It receives the template string as a single parameter (argv[1]).
WARNING: The Shell Execute action was added to serve an urgent need. While it is considered reasonable save when used with some thinking, its implications must be considered. The current implementation uses a system() call to execute the command. This is not the best way to do it (and will hopefully changed in further releases). Also, proper escaping of special characters is done to prevent command injection. However, attackers always find smart ways to circumvent escaping, so we can not say if the escaping applied will really safe you from all hassles. Lastly, rsyslog will wait until the shell command terminates. Thus, a program error in it (e.g. an infinite loop) can actually disable rsyslog. Even without that, during the programs run-time no messages are processed by rsyslog. As the IP stacks buffers are quickly overflowed, this bears an increased risk of message loss. You must be aware of these implications. Even though they are severe, there are several cases where the "shell execute" action is very useful. This is the reason why we have included it in its current form. To mitigate its risks, always a) test your program thoroughly, b) make sure its runtime is as short as possible (if it requires a longer run-time, you might want to spawn your own sub-shell asynchronously), c) apply proper firewalling so that only known senders can send syslog messages to rsyslog. Point c) is especially important: if rsyslog is accepting message from any hosts, chances are much higher that an attacker might try to exploit the "shell execute" action.
Template Name
Every ACTION can be followed by a template name. If so, that template is used for message formatting. If no name is given, a hard-coded default template is used for the action. There can only be one template name for each given action. The default template is specific to each action. For a description of what a template is and what you can do with it, see the template documentation.
See also
Help with configuring/using Rsyslog:
 - Mailing list - best route for general questions
 - GitHub: rsyslog source project - detailed questions, reporting issues that are believed to be bugs with Rsyslog
 - Stack Exchange (View, Ask) - experimental support from rsyslog community
See also
Contributing to Rsyslog:
Copyright 2008-2020 Rainer Gerhards (Großrinderfeld), and Others.
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UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. -- Student researchers in the Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences received nearly half of the 2016 grants recently awarded to graduate students by the Northeast Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) program, organized by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Penn State students earned an unprecedented 13 of the 27 regional SARE grants, collectively receiving $193,000 for research projects relating to sustainable agriculture in disciplines including entomology, animal science, rural sociology, horticulture, ecology and agronomy.
"Sustainability is a strategic focus across many of the initiatives coordinated by our college's faculty and student researchers," said Gary Thompson, College of Agricultural Sciences associate dean for research and graduate education. "Their studies are contributing science-based solutions that promote the sustainability of agricultural production, environmental resources and successful rural communities. We're proud that so many of our graduate students have earned this recognition and support from SARE for their research efforts."
An initiative of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, the SARE program provides competitive grants to research projects that address issues with impacts on the long-term sustainability and economic viability of U.S. agriculture. The program's Northeast territory includes Pennsylvania, 11 other states and the District of Columbia. Graduate-student SARE grants are awarded to timely research topics with potential outcomes that will benefit members of the agricultural community, including farmers and agricultural education providers.
"Penn State's strong performance in the 2016 Northeast SARE graduate grant competition testifies to the initiative and hard work of both graduate students and faculty across our college," said Clare Hinrichs, professor of rural sociology and a member of the Northeast SARE Administrative Council. "It should also be seen as evidence of Penn State's leadership, innovation and impact, both in the Northeast region and nationally, in sustainable agriculture and food-systems research, training and outreach."
Penn State's 2016 SARE graduate grant recipients received individual awards ranging from approximately $14,000 to $15,000 to apply to the following research studies:
- Understanding the epidemiology of pathogens within bee communities in Pennsylvania -- Briana Ezray, entomology graduate student, advised by Heather Hines.
- Do cover crops stabilize wine grape productivity in a variable climate? -- Suzanne Fleishman, horticulture graduate student, advised by Michela Centinari.
- Evaluating brown mid‐rib dwarf pearl millet as a forage for lactating dairy cows -- Michael Harper, animal science graduate student, advised by Alexander Hristov.
- Interseeded cover crops: Evaluating nitrogen retention services provided by plant‐microbe relationships -- Sarah Isbell, ecology graduate student, advised by Jason Kaye.
- A root‐centric view in root‐microbe interactions in apple replant disease -- Emily Lavely, horticulture graduate student, advised by Richard Marini.
- Renewable alternative bedding for commercial broiler chicken production -- Amy Mayer, animal science graduate student, advised by Paul Patterson.
- Macroarthropod decomposers in field crops: Influence on residue breakdown and response to prophylactic insecticides -- Kirsten Pearsons, entomology graduate student, advised by John Tooker.
- Undercover agent: Uncovering the effects of cover crops on a beneficial soil fungus -- Puneet Randhawa, entomology graduate student, advised by Mary Barbercheck.
- Impacts of cover crops and tillage on predator‐prey interactions within organic cropping systems -- Karly Regan, entomology graduate student, advised by Mary Barbercheck.
- Plant probiotics? Understanding how soil health practices influence plant‐insect interactions -- Elizabeth Rowan, entomology graduate student, advised by John Tooker.
- Effects of yield regulation practices on grapevine productivity, health, and economic sustainability -- Maria Smith, horticulture graduate student, advised by Michela Centinari.
- Targeting sustainable soil management practices using crop modeling in soybean systems -- Giovani Stefani Faé, agronomy graduate student, advised by Gregory Roth.
- Assessing the impact of energy‐related landowner coalitions on the sustainability of Pennsylvania farming communities -- Grace Wildermuth, rural sociology graduate student, advised by Kathryn Brasier.