text:
Atmosculator is a freeware Mac OS X application, written using Cocoa & Objective-C, that calculates key properties of the Earth's atmosphere as a function of altitude using the 1976 Standard Atmosphere Model. It includes extensive Help on the basis of the model and a mathematical derivation showing how the properties are calculated.
What is new in this release:
- The first Intel-native release; it should run on any Mac with an Intel processor running OS X 10.7 or later.
- It has been released as a beta with a 3 month expiration (good until 2/28/15) so you can help with testing.
- If any problems are found during this period, I will include fixes in the official 3.0 release early in 2015
- A sign error in Atmosculator's built-in documentation, has been fixed. The sign used in front of the h in the numerical solutions should have been - not + for the altitudes between 167,323 and 232,940 ft and also between 232,940 and 278,386 ft. Please see this ERRATA for the online documentation. Thanks to R. Wayne Wilson for catching this.
- A typo in the formula for the gas constant in Atmosculator's built-in documentation has been fixed. Under Gas Properties, the equation for the Specific Gas Constant in terms of the Universal Gas Constant should read R = R*/M and not R = R**M. Please see this ERRATA for the online documentation. Thanks to Quentin Minster for catching this.
Mac OS X 10.2 or higher


contrastAdj="All",
p.value=0.05)
#Do dendrogram testing
hcl <- makeDendrogram(cl)
allDendro <- getBestFeatures(hcl, contrastType="Dendro", contrastAdj=c("All"),
number=ncol(simData), p.value=0.05)
# do DE on counts using voom
# compare results to if used simData instead (not on count scale).
# Again, not relevant for this silly example, but basic principle useful
testFVoom <- getBestFeatures(simCount, primaryCluster(cl), contrastType="F",
number=nrow(simData), isCount=TRUE)
plot(testF$P.Value[order(testF$Index)],
testFVoom$P.Value[order(testFVoom$Index)],log="xy")
Bioconductor-mirror/clusterExperiment documentation built on Aug. 2, 2017, 4:28 p.m.


Do English speakers say something like "he pushed him back", even if they know who this "he" and who that "him" is, referring to two different people with the same pronoun? Or would they say something like "he pushed that guy" or "that guy pushed him"?
 - In what context? If Sam pushed John, and then John pushed Sam then I might well say he pushed him back. He and him lack antecedents in the sentence, but with context the subjects may be inferred. – Elliott Frisch Feb 24 '16 at 2:05
 - Any context. What I'm asking is that if anyone would refer to two different people with just one pronoun. The context doesn't really matter here. You can think of anything. – Vun-Hugh Vaw Feb 24 '16 at 2:08
 - 2
 Then the answer is yes. – Elliott Frisch Feb 24 '16 at 2:19
 - 1
 Yes, in the right context, where the antecedents of the two pronouns were reasonably obvious, that sentence might easily be said. One does need to use care with such constructions, though, especially when editing the text you wrote yesterday, as it's easy to forget how much it all depends on context. – Hot Licks Feb 24 '16 at 2:37
 - 1
 So true. If Jim saw John and he told him that he had to leave town, we're in trouble. – Rob_Ster Feb 24 '16 at 2:50
Yes. It's common when someone's telling a story out loud, for example. Context, cadence, and emphasis can all help clarify the meaning. But it's common enough in writing too, when the meaning is clear from context, as in this New York Times article:
Mr. Shultz said the President was ''astonished'' when he told him about the plan in December.
Your Answer


text:
A 35-year-old man presented with traumatic iritis, angle-recession glaucoma, and a retinal dialysis secondary to blunt trauma from a Taser gun in the right eye and a unique electrical cataract in the left eye. Taser guns, which can also function as stun guns, can lead to electrical cataract formation. Given the increasing use of Taser guns by law enforcement and citizens, blunt mechanical and electrical sequelae of Taser gun injuries should be recognized.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Sensory Systems

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Alarm fatigue, data integrity, patient violence top list of patient safety hazards
The 2015 edition of the ECRI Institute's top 10 patient safety concerns for healthcare organizations includes many of the usual suspects, but also highlights recent headline-grabbing hazards such as patient violence and inadequate reprocessing of endoscopes.
The ECRI report lists alarm hazards as its top concern and data integrity as No. 2, both of which also have held top spots in the nonprofit organization's health technology hazards list in 2013 and 2014. But in its most recent general hazards list, the institute says providers should look beyond the issue of alarm fatigue. "In addition to missed alarms that can result from excessive alarm activations, hospitals also have to be concerned about alarms that don't activate when a patient is in distress," Rob Schluth, senior project officer at ECRI Institute, said in an announcement, adding that this is often due to improperly configured alarm systems.
Patient violence moved up from No. 5 on the 2014 list to No. 3, because "the range and impact of patient violence across the hospital is not limited to incidents that make the headlines," leaving clinical staff to feel abandoned and unable to do their jobs safely, according to the report. Indeed, the issue of healthcare workplace violence has gained significant attention in recent months, even spurring the Occupational Safety and Health Administration to update its guidance to protect healthcare workers from workplace violence.
The inadequate reprocessing of endoscopes also moved up the list in 2015, and though it has made the top 10 health technology hazards for six years in a row, recent events have made the issue more relevant than ever, according to ECRI. The problem stems from the fact that reusable surgical devices often require multiple, difficult steps to clean that leave plenty of room for error. Nowhere was this more apparent than in hospitals that recently reported deadly outbreaks of the superbug carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae tied to the use of a hard-to-clean device known as a duodenoscope.
Opioid-related events also made the list for the first time in two years, which reflects that fact that prescriptions and use of these powerful painkillers are on the rise, the report states. The issue has led some hospitals to tighten regulations on use of opioids, FierceHealthcare has reported.
Here's a full list of the top 10 patient safety concerns for 2015:
 1. Alarm hazards: inadequate alarm configuration policies and practices
 3. Managing patient violence
 5. Care coordination events related to medication reconciliation
 6. Failure to conduct double checks independently
 7. Opioid-related events
 8. Inadequate reprocessing of endoscopes and surgical instruments
 9. Inadequate patient handoffs related to patient transport
 10. Medication errors related to pounds and kilograms
To learn more:
- read the report (.pdf)
- here's the announcement


text:
. On basis of advanced laser diode tech and constant development of more and more applicable laser modules, laser tech engineer have just developed special industrial laser source in type of parallel line projecting tool of parallel line laser alignment.
Comparing with very simple laser dot, line or cross line laser source, parallel line laser alignment is a totally different performance laser module. Its operation has just paid high attention to its industrial environmental stabilization. When the internal part of parallel line laser module is equipped with qualified optical lens in type of glass cylindrical lens, it is always getting extremely wonderful performance than simple plastic coated lens in constant parallel line alignment operation.
When parallel line laser alignment gets qualified glass lens, it just gets extremely high laser beam transmittance as high as 80%. Even though this parallel line laser is available with quite lower output power of only 5mW, it is still efficient enough to make sure of highly bright and visible parallel line pattern laser beam in distance. According to its very easy connection with external DC input power supply, parallel line laser module begins to work and makes sure of the most rapid parallel line positioning result conveniently.
In practical parallel line pattern laser beam emitting work, this parallel line laser alignment gets formal output power range from 5mW to 100mW. However, in those of long distance parallel line aligning work fields, such as tunnel and bridge construction work fields, parallel line aligning is always required to work at extremely long work distance. As a result, if users are getting special need of parallel line positioning at much longer distance, this parallel line laser alignment is also available from blue violet laser to infrared laser alignment, getting the maximum output power of 1000mW. A high power parallel line laser module is always making sure of the most rapid and accurate enough parallel line pattern aligning and configuration as expected.
Comparing with other simple dot, line or cross line targeting laser alignment tool, this compact laser beam pattern designed parallel line laser alignment just gets special applications in those of industrial laser used fields. Parallel line laser source might be widely applied for clear and accurate parallel line positioning in long distance tunnel through positioning, bridge cranes, paper mills, roller and web handling system, steel mills, and material processing etc. When this parallel line laser module is selected with proper output power and DC power source, it can easily achieve high efficiency measurement precisely and accurately.
From the very beginning design of 532nm green DPSS laser tech, it is not simply developed into presentation tool, such as a green laser pointer, green DPSS laser system. When it is manufactured into quite compact structure device, such as a green laser diode module, it is not only workable for simple presentation tool, but mainly workable for constant green laser dot alignment in all kinds of industrial machinery processing works efficiently. When it gets high attention to thermal emitting performance, it just keeps high stability dot measuring easily and conveniently.
When continuous laser beam is emitting from 532nm green DPSS laser, it is just keeping the lowest laser beam divergence of less than 1mard. The TEM00 laser beam mode cannot only assure its highly bright and visible green laser beam emission, but also making great work for even longer distance dot laser alignment work. When green laser module gets much longer distance dot measuring with the maximum work distanced of 25 meters, it is still efficient enough to get ideal dot aligning accuracy.
This 532nm green laser diode module gets the most advanced adjustable focus design in front of the laser beam aperture. According to very simple screw or twist of laser module head part, it can easily achieve high concentration green laser beam, forming into a quite small diameter green light spot in distance. When the real laser dot alignment is workable at about 3 meters, it can keep super compact size laser dot projection as small as 1mm to 2mm. Within the acceptable dot aligning distance, this 532nm green laser module is getting an adjustable laser dot size among 0.3mm to 30mm.
When the real dot alignment with green laser diode module is operated with low output power of 5mW, it is not only workable for very close distance within your hand reaching, but also making sure of precise enough laser dot alignment in formal room operating occasion. Green laser beam is highly bright and visible, and users should always pay special attention to working environments, thus getting correct output power as expected.
When dark color background is in need of dot alignment, part of 532nm green laser beam might be absorbed, thus green laser diode module with higher output power should be selected so as to get visible enough laser dot alignment efficiently. This industrial alignment laser is getting very compact and durable structure, after proper installation and laser beam focus adjustment, it can easily get high precision dot measurement result clearly.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text: in that you want to your readers to 'buy' your opinion. Another best deal ON THE planet! Want to learn more? Narrative writing should tell the reader a good story that provides events from beginning to end. What you are writing about. Types of freshwater biomes include ponds, lakes, streams, rivers, and even some wetlands. They provide oxygen through the process of photosynthesis. In the middle there is much more diversity in species.Many pieces of literature we read in school and everyday life fall into the category of narrative writing. Almost always the purpose of narrative writing is to entertain your reader. And narrative writing entertains. Expository writing informs your reader on something very specific, while in persuasive writing, you want to convince your reader. Lake Victoria in South Central Africa, as well as the Great Lakes of the Midwest.S. Where you going is your topic, how you are getting there is your type of writing, and who you are going with is your audience. Think of a persuasive piece of writing as an advertisement you would see. Examples of headwaters include springs, snowmelt, or even lakes. Let's not forget that freshwater biomes also give us many different opportunities for research and recreation. A single pond during the summer season could be up to 39 degrees Fahrenheit on the bottom and 72 degrees Fahrenheit on the top.


text:
Transversality of homoclinic orbits to hyperbolic equilibria in a Hamiltonian system, via the Hamilton-Jacobi equation
Document typeExternal research report
Rights accessOpen Access
The key point of our approach is to write the invariant manifolds in terms of generating functions, which are solutions of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation. In some examples, we show that it is enough to analyse the phase portrait of the Riccati equation without solving it explicitly. Finally, we consider an analogous problem in a perturbative situation. If the invariant manifolds of the unperturbed loop coincide, we have a problem of splitting of separatrices. In this case, the Riccati equation is replaced by a Mel0nikov potential defined as an integral, providing a condition for the existence of a perturbed loop and its transversality. This is also illustrated with a concrete example.
CitationDelshams, A.; Gutierrez, P.; Pacha, J. "Transversality of homoclinic orbits to hyperbolic equilibria in a Hamiltonian system, via the Hamilton-Jacobi equation". 2012.
Is part of[prepr201202DelGP]


text:
This post is a guest contribution by Colin Beale, a research fellow at the University of York who studies ecology in Tanzania. Colin writes about the living community of the savannah, from butterflies to wildebeests, with co-blogger Ethan Kinsey at Safari Ecology. If you have an idea for a post, and you'd like to contribute to Nothing in Biology Makes Sense, e-mail Jeremy to inquire.
Spinescent. Now there's a word! It simply means having spines and one of the first things many visitors to the African savannah notice is that everything is covered in thorns. Or, in other words, Africa is spinescent. It's not a wise idea to brush past a bush when you're walking, and you certainly want to keep arms and legs inside a car through narrow tracks. These are thorns that puncture heavy-duty car tyres, let alone delicate skin. But why is the savanna so much thornier than many of the places visitors come from? Or even than other biomes within Africa, such as the forests?
At one level the answer is obvious—there are an awful lot of animals that like to eat bushes and trees in the savanna. Any tree that wants to avoid this would probably be well advised to grow thorns or have some other type of defence mechanism to protect itself. But then again, perhaps the answer isn't so obvious: all those animals that like to eat bushes seem to be eating the bushes perfectly happily despite the thorns. So why bother having thorns in the first place? There's certainly a serious cost to having thorns: plants that don't need to grow them have been shown in experiments to produce more fruits. So if animals eat the plants with thorns anyway, why pay this cost?
Look a bit closer at an animal browsing a thorn tree and you'll see it has one of two strategies – it bites the end of a branch off, wood, leaves, thorns and all (an activity we could call 'pruning'), or it can nibble carefully among the thorns, picking the leaves out with care. And look closer still and you'll see that most animals 'pruning' trees only eat the soft new tips, where the thorns haven't hardened yet, which suggests that thorns do at least make it difficult for these animals, even if they still make their living from eating thorny bushes (I don't think I've ever seen an impala eat anything that isn't thorny!). So whilst thorns might slow animals down, it would still seem that thorny bushes are paying two prices – first they pay the cost of growing thorns in the first place, and secondly they still experience herbivory. Why, then, do they do it? The only way growing thorns makes sense (beyond the Genesis explanation that the land was cursed following the fall, of course), is in terms of an evolutionary arms race.
Just as in the Cold War 'the West' and 'the East' were busy building costly weapons stockpiles with no obvious benefits beyond "they did it, so we have to as well", we can think of plants and herbivores as being in a constant war. Plants trying not to get eaten, herbivores trying to eat plants. For every adaptation that a plant evolves in defence, before long the herbivores are likely to evolve a way around it (behavioural or morphological). Grow prickles and you'll be well defended for a while, but then some animal will learn that eating new shoots whilst the prickles are soft is easy, grow thorns and before long something will evolve a long tongue that can lick the leaves out between the thorns, or a very narrow muzzle to squeeze between them. Once the process has started, there's little obvious way to stop – nuclear disarmament treaties require both sides to sign up and trust one another, not something that's common in nature.
We can also see how it happens within the species: consider the first bush to evolve a few stiff stipules (the little bits where leaves join the plant stem) to make tiny thorns: there'd be one bush among many that was a bit prickly, and all the herbivores would avoid it, with many undefended plants to eat instead. So before long the genes that led to this mutation would spread and the whole population would have small prickles. Herbivores still need to eat, so with no choice now they'll evolve a way to eat the prickly plant, or they'll die. Then another bush has a mutation that makes those little prickles longer and now there's one bush with spines among many with prickles. Again, the herbivores will eat the ones with little prickles, and the longer one has an evolutionary advantage. It's easy to see how this process will rapidly run away until all plants have long, nasty thorns that cost them lots to grow, but still get eaten. This competition between the plants themselves can be seen as another evolutionary arms race, one we often call the Red Queen effect, after a character in Lewis Carroll's Through the Looking Glasswho said "it takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place".
It follows that if some evil scientist went out with a pair of nail clippers and removed all the thorns from a thorn tree, it should suffer dramatically from being less well armed than it's neighbours. And you might not be surprised to lean that someone's actually done the experiment (never let it be said that science is about proving the obvious…)! Wilson and colleaguesremoved spines from a whole lot of thorny African trees and bushes and watched what happened when goats and bushbuck came along. I doubt they were too surprised to discover that the animals took bigger bites and consequently fed faster on the branches they'd removed spines from than those they hadn't …
In fact, the defences provided by thorns are pretty sophisticated. As there's a cost to being spinescent, it's only sensible to grow thorns if the benefits outweigh the costs and where that happens depends on a number of things above and beyond simply the density of herbivores: it's the actual cost of that herbivory that matters. Herbivory is more costly in places where you can't grow much to replace what's eaten, so it makes sense that in the driest environments thorns are more valuable than in wetter places where new growth can rapidly replace lost material. Exactly what has been found for Vachellia tortilis in experiments in Israel. Using the same logic, you might expect that if you give fertiliser to a growing tree it will also be able to grow faster so will invest less in thorns. But sadly, when that experiment was done on the same species, it didn't hold out—more fertiliser meant more thorns, which the authors of that study took to mean that the ability to grow thorns is nutrient limited. Now I suspect their side note that trees (even of the same species) growing on nutrient rich soils often have more thorns than those on poorer soils is more relevant here—if you're packed full of nutrients you're probably a much better target for herbivory than if you're not, so although fertiliser means you can grow faster, it also means you'll face higher herbivory rates. Which in turn means if you grown on rich soils you'll face higher costs and would be wise to invest more in defence.What's more, it makes sense for plants to be able to sense the amount of herbivory they're facing and only grow thorns when herbivory is high: again, exactly what's seen in experiments.
Similarly, if you're going to pay the costs of being thorny, it's worth making that immediately obvious to potential herbivores to ensure that they avoid you rather than taking a few bites before making the discovery. So instead of hiding your thorns, why not make them obviously white or even red as a warning? And just as well defended insects are often bright and obvious (we say they're aposematic), many thorns are also aposematic. But where it gets really scary is recent work suggesting that thorns not only provide direct defence, but are actually used as needles to inject bacteria and fungi into whatever brushes against them. There's evidence to suggest the plants have evolved such that the thorns are particularly good at making homes to some pretty nasty beasties: Clostriduim botulinum, Bacillus anthracis (I'm sure you can guess what those two give you) and many other nasties are reported to be happy living on thorns. What's more, those nasties are happier and therefore in higher densities on the thorns than the photosynthetic green parts of the plants, suggesting the plants really have evolved thorns that are really hypodermic needles. Truly plant biological warfare! No wonder that tiny thorn scratch can go nasty on you.
So, to summarise, African savanna is thorny because of all the animals, just as we first thought, but hopefully we've learnt something interesting in the longer answer: even if it is only to pack the disinfectant when going on a walking safari!

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


EviSachini EKT portraited5
Evi Sachini is the Director of the National Documentation Centre (EKT), the national institution for documentation, information and support on science, research and technology issues. She is also member of the board of directors of the National Hellenic Research Foundation and member of the Board of Directors of the Greek Network for Research and Technology (GRNET). She holds a PhD in Chemical Engineering from the National Technical University of Athens. Dr. Sachini has substantially contributed to the cultivation of the Greek knowledge ecosystem and has led a number of important initiatives in the area of reliable digital content. As a national expert and representative to the European Commission and OECD, she has advised on issues of R&D and Innovation, management and exploitation of knowledge capital. She has published a series of reports relating to areas of research policy, development and innovation.
Founded in 1980, under the United Nations Development Programme, the National Documentation Centre is integrated with the National Hellenic Research Foundation and is supervised by the General Secretariat for Research and Technology (GSRT) of the Ministry for Education, Research and Religious Affairs.
Dr Evi Sachini talked to Greek News Agenda* on the role and activities of the National Documentation Centre, which include accessibility to digital content regarding scientific research, production of the national statistics for Research, Development and Innovation and connection of research and innovation to entrepreneurship. Dr Sachini also stressed EKT's contribution to the preservation of the Greek cultural heritage through its portal, searchculture, which offers access to digital cultural content from 55 collections of 43 respected institutions. She further elaborates on how EKT helps Small and Medium Enterprises, including start-ups, to innovate and grow internationally. Dr Sachini underlines that EKT supports a virtuous policy making and entrepreneurial decision-making circle by providing research, technology and innovation statistics and informed analyses. Finally, she stresses that the national policies on Research, Development and Innovation, the highly skilled R&D human resources and high scientific quality research that is performed in specific niches of excellence, make her optimistic for the future and for the ability of the country to integrate its research and innovation dynamic in its new growth and productive model:
What is the role and main activities of EKT as regards the diffusion of knowledge?
Knowledge-intensive activities are a major source of potential economic growth for Greece as a means to exit the economic crisis. Towards this goal, and in accordance with our mission to collect, document, manage, disseminate and preserve quality digital content and data produced by the Greek scientific, research and cultural communities, EKT performs the following actions.
Firstly, in terms of digital content, a) we make available digital data and information accessible within the scientific, research and cultural communities (eContent), b) we disseminate and promote trustworthy Greek content on an international level, c) we have developed electronic infrastructures with an effective mechanism for collecting and searching content and data (Open Access, Open Science), and d) we provide SaaS services (Software as a Service) including digital repositories, such as openABEKT.
As the designated organization responsible for the production of the national statistics for Research, Development and Innovation (RDI), EKT is very actively pursuing the enhancement of understanding of the national innovation system. To meet this end, EKT not only provides statistical data on various aspects of the national and regional research, technology and innovation system, but also puts data into context. In other words, it places statistical data within a geographical, sectoral, etc. context via dedicated and in-depth analysis of various RDI-related topics, and thus aspires to assist policy-making by the provision of up-to-date and comprehensive information.
On an international level, EKT participates in scientific conferences, presenting its contribution to RDI relevant issues (RDI statistics, public policy, dimensions of national innovation system, etc.). Lastly, EKT being a member of the Enterprise Europe Network, provides consulting services for international business partnerships, information on European policies, innovation and technology transfer and fosters the participation of SMEs in European Programmes for Research and Technology.
How is EKT contributing to the preservation of Greek cultural heritage?
EKT has been actively involved in the preservation and dissemination of cultural content for years. One of our first cultural content projects was Pandektis, the digital library of the National Hellenic Research Foundation's Institute of Historical Research collections. Last year we completed the development of a suite of comprehensive services initially offered to Cultural organizations that were beneficiaries of the last "Digital Convergence" Operational Programme Calls. These cloud services are offered on a Software as a Service model, enabling Greek cultural organizations to navigate the modern information environment, where everything is interoperable and connected. We developed a workflow for digital cultural content that includes safe long-term storage, quality control, standards-based documentation and aggregation.
End-users can now search for cultural content via our portal, SearchCulture.gr, an aggregator of cultural heritage content. SearchCulture.gr offers central access to and single search of digital cultural content of more than 160,000 documents from 55 collections of 43 respected institutions, ranging from museums and folk heritage organizations to archives and local cultural collections. It also establishes interoperability with major 3rd party search engines and portals like Europeana, thus making quality Greek cultural content more accessible and exploitable.
To further help safeguard Hellenic digital heritage, we provide a repositories service which is a comprehensive content publication service for authorised content producers. Various cultural organizations have used the service: the Acropolis Restoration Service has two repositories we created the one hosting their restoration archive and the other their educational content. We are also developing repositories for academic Art History collections, manuscripts, local art collectives and oral histories collections, Faculties of Art etc.
How does EKT measure the output and outcome of the Greek Research, Development and Innovation system?
Since 2012 EKT has been a member of the Hellenic National System (and by extension of the European Statistical System) and has been tasked with the provision of the official statistics on Research, Development and Innovation in Greece. In this capacity, EKT undertakes a series of Eurostat-approved and synchronized surveys on concerning research spending, personnel and innovation activities.
sliderEKT deiktes6
In addition, EKT is responsible for measuring a range of other research enablers and outcomes. For example, on matters of scientific publications, highly educated human capital, the performance of domestic research and business institutions in European research projects, the research infrastructure, female participation in research activities, the career of PhD holders, Greek participation in competitive EU R&D calls (under Framework Programmes /Horizon 2020), etc.
How is EKT supporting the collaboration between academia and businesses and the networking of Greek research organizations with those abroad? In what ways can innovative start-ups receive assistance from EKT?
By way of the provision of statistical data as well as via informed reporting and analysis, EKT supports the relevant policy makers in helping them make decisions based on updated information. By being coordinator of Enterprise Europe Network - Hellas, EKT provides a wide range of value-added services for SMEs using the concept of "one-stop-shop" and under the guise of a unique organizational mechanism-network. This can be broken down into three groups of related services. 1) Providing information to enterprises regarding European issues, such as finding foreign business partners and supporting outward-looking entrepreneurship. 2) Offering innovation and technology transfer services. 3) Promoting aspects of the knowledge triangle in Greece, focusing on higher education institutes' third mission and their contribution to national production and, 4) helping in accessing European funding, finding the appropriate partners, submitting proposals and helping in project implementation.
As regards innovative start-ups, let me start by saying that innovative SMEs, including start-ups, are claimed to play an important role in generating growth and employment, throughout Europe. According to Eurofound's latest annual report, young innovative SMEs with high international potential are the biggest recruiters in the European Union. Their growth is also expected to support the shift of the EU economy towards more knowledge-intensive activities.
Open Access 0034 169The National Documentation Centre, as National Contact Point for Horizon 2020 and Coordinator of the Enterprise Europe Network-Hellas supports SMEs, including start-ups to innovate and grow internationally. For example, Enterprise Europe Network-Hellas is a successful strategic alliance of business support organizations and networks, helping Greek business grow faster through commercial partnerships, access to finance and tailored support. It is a nationally distributed infrastructure of institutions and expertise, with extensive experience in cooperation at national level and distinguished performance in global networks. As a member of the Enterprise Europe Network, it collaborates with more than 600 organizations in 60 countries to find the best opportunities for Greek enterprises to grow.
During the period 2008-2016, Enterprise Europe Network-Hellas produced 740 international partnership agreements. 1,960 Greek profiles were disseminated in more than 60 countries. 645 company missions and brokerage events were organized and supported by the Enterprise Europe Network-Hellas.
How does EKT support evidence based policy making for research, technology and innovation and the transition to a knowledge-intensive development model?
Incentivizing sustainable and long-term economic growth is primarily based upon a policy mindset that takes into consideration the range of available quantitative and qualitative evidence relevant to each occasion and sensitive enough to adapt to societal and economic fluctuations. EKT being a provider of research, technology and innovation statistics and of informed analyses supports a virtuous policy making and entrepreneurial decision-making circle, by way of providing up-to-date evidence on the range of the topics involved. Indicative of that is the effort made to support the implementation and monitoring of smart specialization strategy in Greece, by providing regional RDI-relevant indicators, elaborated specifically for the purposes of the national strategy for growth.
What are the main


text:
Death sentence is given to those criminals who tend to do extremely offensive activities. Mainly, there are two different modes of executing death sentence either by hanging or shooting. You may have seen in many movies that how the criminal is treated before hanging officially. But, there are some other things you may not know what actually happens before hanging a person. Here are few things that are executed before a person is hanged. Have a look!
Hanging is the most common method that is adopted for execution of Death Sentence. Actually, the criminal would be hanged with a noose, that could lead to death by rupturing the neck. Before hanging the convict, the Jail Superintendent, a Local Magistrate, Senior Police Officials and a Doctor visits the place where convict was imprisoned. They reads the warrant stating the reason for hanging the criminal judicially.
1. Woken up Early in the Morning
Before hanging the convict the jail superintendent follows some rules. The criminal is woken up early in the morning i.e., at 3 A.M. and asks him to fresh up.
2. Allows to take Bath
The prisoner will be asked to fresh up by taking bath. The convict will be provided both hot and cold water and they can do any shower based on their choice.
3. Offers Favorite Food of Convict
As a last wish of the criminal going to be hanged, he will be provided his favorite food. Even it is not available in the canteen of the jail, they will bring it from anywhere outside in order to fulfill his final wish.
4. Provides Light Refreshment
After eating their desired food, they will be given some time for light refreshment. They will be left alone for some amount of time so that they can memorize their family members.
5. Provides Religious Books or Recite Prayers to have a Peaceful Mind
The convicts are offered religious books based on their interest or they are given some time to recite prayers to their favorite God to have a peaceful mind.
6. Lubricates the Rope for Smooth Sliding Action
The rope or noose which is used to hang the criminal will be lubricated with cheese and ripen banana and kept for 3 days till the day of hanging. This way of applying cheese is to ensure smooth sliding action, so that it doesn't stretch much when the convict gets hanged.
7. Doctor Examines the Convict
After giving him some time for preparing himself, doctor checks the physical and mental condition of the prisoner. If the report ensures that the condemned convict's health is totally fit, then they execute hanging process.
8. Prisoner is Blind-folded
The convict who is to be hanged judicially is then taken to the gallows and is then blind-folded by covering the prisoner's face with a cotton hood or cloth. Usually, they pinion the convict's hands behind their back using handcuffs or a leather strap and legs are pinioned with a cord.
9. Magistrate Gives Signal
After covering the convict's face with a cotton cloth, the Executive Magistrate shall identify the prisoner as the person named in the warrant and read to him a translation of the warrant in his mother tongue. The Magistrate then gives signal to the hangman to pull the lever.
10. Hangman or Lyncher is confidential
The person who hangs the criminal is called Hangman or Lyncher. The details of the Lyncher will be kept confidential because he must not be troubled later for accomplishing his job. The lyncher will recite his prayer for few seconds so as to free himself from any sense of guilt before putting the hood on the convict's head. Later, the hangman pulls the lever and the body gets hanged and goes down.
These are the things that are executed before a person is judicially hanged in a prison. After pulling the lever, the prisoner will hanged for 30 minutes of time. Later, the doctor who is present in the spot examines the convict's body and confirms death. The Police officials then informs the matter to Higher officials and decides whether to handover the dead body to their family members or cremate in jail itself after performing Autopsy (Post-mortem).


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180 Days of Math for First Grade
Grade 1. Practice, Assess, and Diagnose: 180 Days of Math for First Grade. This book provides 1st grade teachers and parents with 180 daily practice activities to build and gauge students' mathematical fluency. Each problem is tied to a specific mathematical concept. Students gain regular practice through these quick, diagnostic-based activities. Data-driven assessment tips are provided, and the Teacher Resource CD includes assessment analysis resources. 208 pages.


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How do I use Person Code to limit access to a survey?
You can a limit who is able to respond to a survey by setting a person code within a survey. Person code is simply set by setting the variable p= on the URL of a survey. So an example survey URL might be like
You substitute you own value for [p_value], so the actual link might look something like this.
The actual value you use after the p= does not matter. You can use the p code to match survey responses to customer ids in other systems.
SurveyTown treats the "p" variable in a couple special ways.
- SurveyTown will store the value automatically with the survey response.
- If you check to limit taking of surveys by person code, SurveyTown will look to see if there is a response with that personcode already attached to that survey it will block the respondent from taking the survey again.
In sum, by adding a p= variable onto the end of your survey URLs you can match your survey responses to customers and limit the ability for customers to take a survey more than one time.


BCG GAMMA, in Collaboration with Scikit-Learn, Launches FACET, Its New Open-Source Library for Human-Explainable Artificial Intelligence
BCG GAMMA FACET Helps Human Operators Understand Advanced Machine Learning Models So They Can Make Better and More Ethical Decisions
BOSTON—Boston Consulting Group (BCG) has released its first open-source software library for human-explainable artificial intelligence (AI). BCG GAMMA FACET enables users to make better business decisions by opening the "black box" of advanced machine learning models. Advances in AI have given data scientists powerful tools to analyze complex business problems and predict outcomes. FACET goes one step further, giving data scientists and business experts a new way to understand how a model arrives at predictions. With this new insight, data scientists can use machine learning models to inform decisions that save money, maximize yield, retain customers, remove bias, and improve patient outcomes.
BCG believes that humans must always be at the core of all AI-based decisions. By helping developers and business users understand how algorithms analyze the data sets on which AI predictions are based, BCG GAMMA FACET reestablishes human control over and trust in AI. It uses a newly developed model-inspection algorithm to explain the relationships between the model variables. And it applies a simulation approach to enable data scientists to conduct "virtual experiments" to determine how changes in these variables can affect predicted outcomes.
"Data scientists are often under pressure to explain the behavior of their models. This is precisely the aim of FACET: to explain the key variables in the models very quickly, in order to provide greater clarity in the dialogue between data scientists and operational teams. By facilitating the explicability of models, FACET contributes to the deployment of a more transparent and more responsible AI," says Sylvain Duranton, BCG managing director, senior partner, and global leader of BCG GAMMA.
"We are very glad that scikit-learn's simple and consistent design allowed BCG to develop FACET, a very valuable tool for our community," says Alexandre Gramfort, senior research scientist at Inria, co-author, and member of the scikit-learn technical committee.
"BCG GAMMA is very excited to join the open-source data science community with our public release of FACET," says Jan Ittner, BCG partner, associate director, and leader of the BCG GAMMA FACET team. "We look forward to working with the data science community and in partnership with scikit-learn to make AI more useful and understandable for everyone."
BCG GAMMA FACET is an intuitive, easy-to-implement, open-source software library available to the global data science community.
For more information about BCG GAMMA FACET, please contact Sophie Ruedinger at +49 _PHONE_ or
For more media queries, please contact Eric Gregoire at _PHONE_ or
BCG GAMMA is BCG's global team dedicated to applying artificial intelligence and advanced analytics to critical business problems at leading companies and organizations. The team includes 900-plus data scientists and engineers who utilize AI and advanced analytics (e.g., machine learning, deep learning, optimization, simulation, natural language and image analytics, etc.) to build solutions that transform business performance. BCG GAMMA's approach builds value and competitive advantage at the intersection of data science, technology, people, business processes, and ways of working. For more information, please visit our webpage.
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Open Access Research
Integer programming-based method for grammar-based tree compression and its application to pattern extraction of glycan tree structures
Yang Zhao, Morihiro Hayashida and Tatsuya Akutsu*
Author Affiliations
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BMC Bioinformatics 2010, 11(Suppl 11):S4 doi:10.1186/_PHONE_-S11-S4
Published: 14 December 2010
A bisection-type algorithm for the grammar-based compression of tree-structured data has been proposed recently. In this framework, an elementary ordered-tree grammar (EOTG) and an elementary unordered-tree grammar (EUTG) were defined, and an approximation algorithm was proposed.
In this paper, we propose an integer programming-based method that finds the minimum context-free grammar (CFG) for a given string under the condition that at most two symbols appear on the right-hand side of each production rule. Next, we extend this method to find the minimum EOTG and EUTG grammars for given ordered and unordered trees, respectively. Then, we conduct computational experiments for the ordered and unordered artificial trees. Finally, we apply our methods to pattern extraction of glycan tree structures.
We propose integer programming-based methods that find the minimum CFG, EOTG, and EUTG for given strings, ordered and unordered trees. Our proposed methods for trees are useful for extracting patterns of glycan tree structures.


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Unlocking Shared Buying Power: The Key to Discounted Rates
Maximizing Savings with Collective Purchasing
There is power in numbers, and this concept is particularly relevant when it comes to shared buying power. In today's consumer-driven society, individuals are consistently looking for ways to stretch their hard-earned dollars. One innovative solution that has gained significant traction is collective purchasing, where like-minded individuals join forces to negotiate discounted rates for goods and services. By pooling their resources and leveraging their combined buying power, participants can unlock substantial savings that would otherwise be unattainable as individual buyers.
Creativity in the Corporate World
Forward-thinking companies have recognized the potential of shared buying power and have developed innovative platforms to facilitate collective purchasing. These platforms bring together individuals with similar needs, allowing them to unite their buying power and access exclusive deals. From bulk discounts on everyday essentials to special rates on luxury items, the possibilities are endless. This trend not only benefits consumers but also provides businesses with a unique opportunity to connect with their target audience and build brand loyalty.
Accessing Unparalleled Deals and Discounts
Shared buying power enables consumers to access deals and discounts that are otherwise out of reach. By joining forces, participants can negotiate better rates with vendors and service providers, unlocking bulk discounts and exclusive offers. Whether it's procuring a fleet of vehicles for a rideshare service or collaborating on a group vacation, the savings achieved through collective purchasing can be substantial.
Furthermore, shared buying power extends beyond the realm of physical goods and services. In recent years, there has been a surge in collective purchasing for intangible assets such as digital subscriptions, memberships, and even investments. By pooling their financial resources, individuals can gain access to otherwise unaffordable opportunities, such as exclusive investment funds or premium streaming services.
Empowering Communities through Collaborative Consumption
Shared buying power not only benefits individuals but also paves the way for collaborative consumption within communities. By working together, neighbors, coworkers, and friends can amplify their purchasing potential, creating a ripple effect of savings throughout the community. This collaborative approach not only strengthens social bonds but also fosters economic growth by encouraging local businesses to offer attractive discounts to the collective group. Through collective purchasing, communities can create a win-win situation where everyone benefits.
The Future of Collective Purchasing
As technology continues to advance, the potential for shared buying power is expected to grow exponentially. Emerging platforms and apps are streamlining the process of collective purchasing, making it more accessible and convenient for individuals to join forces and secure discounted rates. Additionally, the rise of social media allows like-minded individuals to connect and collaborate on collective purchasing initiatives, further expanding the reach and impact of this innovative concept.
The future of collective purchasing holds exciting possibilities, with potential applications in various industries. From healthcare cooperatives that negotiate lower medical costs to group insurance schemes that provide affordable coverage to all members, the opportunities are endless. By harnessing the power of shared buying power, individuals can create a more equitable and cost-effective society.
In conclusion, shared buying power is a game-changer in today's consumer landscape. By pooling resources and leveraging collective bargaining, individuals can unlock unparalleled discounts and access exclusive deals. As collaborative consumption gains momentum, the potential savings and benefits for both individuals and communities are limitless. As we look to the future, it is evident that shared buying power will continue to revolutionize the way we shop, offering a gateway to discounted rates and a more economically sustainable society. Dive deeper into the topic and discover new viewpoints using this handpicked external material. what Does Temu stand For.
Read the related posts we've chosen and enrich your knowledge:


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Effects of zinc on hepatic antioxidant systems and the mRNA expression levels assayed by cDNA microarrays in rats.
ABSTRACT This study evaluated effects of zinc on the hepatic lipid peroxidation, antioxidant components and mRNA expression levels in rats.
Three diets with different Zn levels including Zn adequacy (ZA; 34.50 mg/kg, control), Zn deficiency (ZD; 3.30 mg/kg), and Zn overdose (ZO; 345.45 mg/kg) were fed to rats for 6 weeks. The mRNA expression levels were analyzed by cDNA microarrays.
The body weight of rats fed the ZD diet was less (p < 0.01) than that of rats fed the ZA diet. Zn overdose elevated body weight, but the increase was not detected (p > 0.05) at week 6. Although copper and iron status in serum were declined (p < 0.01), those in liver were not affected (p > 0.05) by the high intake of zinc. The glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione (GSH) remained unchanged (p > 0.05) by zinc treatment. Rats fed the ZD diet showed reductions(p < 0.01) in the Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, and increases (p < 0.01) in the malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) contents. Rats fed the ZO diet particularly had higher Cu-Zn SOD (p < 0.01) activity. The mRNA expression levels of SOD were upregulated in the ZO group, and CAT was downregulated in the ZD group, while no changes in GPx mRNA levels were found after zinc treatment.
The study suggested that zinc deficiency largely decreased body weight; zinc overdose, however, moderately stimulated growth in the early growing phase of rats. High dietary zinc did not compete with liver copper and iron status. Although Zn deficiency impaired antioxidant functions, zinc overdose hardly enhanced the antioxidant systems of animals.
- SourceAvailable from: Ming Cong[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Sequestration by metallothioneins and antioxidant defense are two kinds of important defense mechanisms employed by mollusks to minimize adverse effects caused by heavy metal contaminants in marine environment. In the present study, a novel metallothionein gene, CgMT-III, was cloned from Crassostrea gigas, consisting of eighteen conserved cysteine residues and encoding a MT III-like protein with two tandem β domains. The expression level of CgMT-III transcript induced by zinc was much higher than that induced by cadmium exposure. It suggested that CgMT-III was perhaps mainly involved in homeostatic control of zinc metabolism, which was distinct from previously identified MTs in C. gigas. Among the tested antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), SOD and GPx showed varying up-regulations in a tissue-specific manner, while CAT activities were inhibited in both gill and hepatopancreas from C. gigas exposed to heavy metals. It can be inferred that CgMT-III was mainly involved in zinc homeostasis, and CgMT-III gene together with CAT enzyme could be potential biomarkers to indicate heavy metal, especially zinc pollution in marine organisms.Ecotoxicology 05/2012; 21(7):1928-36. · 2.77 Impact Factor
- Proceedings of The Nutrition Society 01/2010; 69. · 3.67 Impact Factor
- Proceedings of The Nutrition Society 01/2008; 67. · 3.67 Impact Factor


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May 8-13, 2016
A case study is presented of the scale up of a mammalian cell culture process from 100 L to 2000 L scale. Upon scale up, decreased culture growth and productivity were observed, along with batch to batch variation. The reduced performance at 2000 L scale was attributed to two factors: early culture acidification, resulting from differences in medium preparation, and higher gas entrance velocity. Troubleshooting was performed at bench, pilot, and manufacturing scale for developing improved process understanding. The medium preparation time and the associated base titration were shown to be important factors impacting process performance. In addition, with the development of at-scale process history, sensitivity of the cell culture process to gas entrance velocity effects were also observed. Using 2 L and 100 L scale down models, it was established that higher gas entrance velocity leads to reduced cell density and titers. The medium prep control strategy and ways to minimize gas entrance velocity for implementation at production scales will be reviewed.
Robin Luo, "Case study for improved process robustness at manufacturing scale for a mammalian cell culture process: Troubleshooting medium preparation and gas entrance velocity effects" in "Cell Culture Engineering XV", Robert Kiss, Genentech Sarah Harcum, Clemson University Jeff Chalmers, Ohio State University Eds, ECI Symposium Series, (2016). _URL_


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Under the SCS–007 Certification Standard for Jewelry Sustainability – Sustainability Rated Diamonds, producers are committed to reducing their carbon footprint. They take active measures to improve efficiencies in energy and operations. Reducing these impacts is a vital component of sustainability. The carbon footprint that remains is then balanced out each year through investments in renewable energy or other climate mitigation initiatives.
In addition to reducing its own climate change impacts and those of its supply chain, the producer can further reduce its carbon footprint and make progress toward net zero in two ways:
In some cases, these measures might also result in measurable co-benefits (i.e., reduced adverse impacts) in other diamond life-cycle impact categories, such as improved air quality and better health outcomes for the local population.
Sustainability Rated Diamonds are tracked through a verified origin traceability process that provides 99.9% accuracy of the origin of each diamond through its entire chain of custody, from producer to point of sale.
Each diamond is certified to adhere to twelve core ethical principles aligned to the strictest internationally recognized norms of business integrity.
Sustainability Rated Diamond producers are committed to the principle of doing no harm to humans or environment, and are actively working to avoid, eliminate or offset any impacts that might be associated with the production process.
Sustainability Rated Diamond producers invest in efforts that not only improve their own operations and supply chains, but also in projects that help communities and protect climate and the environment.


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Verbal autopsy of 80,000 adult deaths in Tamilnadu, South India.
Gajalakshmi V., Peto R.
BACKGROUND: Registration of the fact of death is almost complete in the city of Chennai and not so in the rural Villupuram district in Tamilnadu, India. The cause of death is often inadequately recorded on the death certificate in developing countries like India. A special verbal autopsy (VA) study of 48,000 adult (aged >or= 25 yrs) deaths in the city of Chennai (urban) during 1995-97 and 32,000 in rural Villupuram during 1997-98 was conducted to arrive at the probable underlying cause of death to estimate cause specific mortality. METHODS: A ten day training on writing verbal autopsy (VA) report for adult deaths was given to non-medical graduates with at least 15 years of formal education. They interviewed surviving spouse/close associates of the deceased to write a verbal autopsy report in local language (Tamil) on the complaints, symptoms, signs, duration and treatment details of illness prior to death. Each report was reviewed centrally by two physicians independently. Random re-interviewing of 5% of the VA reports was done to check the reliability and reproducibility of the VA report. The validity of VA diagnosis was assessed only for cancer deaths. RESULTS: Verbal autopsy reduced the proportion of deaths attributed to unspecified and unknown causes from 54% to 23% (p < 0.0001) in urban and from 41% to 26% (p < 0.0001) in rural areas in Tamilnadu for adult deaths (>or= 25). The sensitivity of VA to identify cancer was 95% in the age group 25-69. CONCLUSION: A ten day training programme to write verbal autopsy report with adequate feed back sessions and random sampling of 5% of the verbal autopsy reports for re-interview worked very well in Tamilnadu, to arrive at the probable underlying cause of death reliably for deaths in early adult life or middle age (25-69 years) and less reliably for older ages (70+). Thus VA is practicable for deaths in early adult life or middle age and is of more limited value in old age.


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1. What is Shabby Chic Style?
Furniture that appears to be pleasingly old and slightly worn
Chairs which have been painted in neon colours
Sophisticated furniture made for aristocrats and rich upper bourgeoisie
2. How would you describe this interior style?
French Style Print
3. 'Anglepoise' are a well-known brand for which home accessory?
4. American designer Kelly Wearstler is best known for which signature style?
5. 'Parquet' is a type of what?
Style of Flooring
6. What is French Style Furniture?
French style furniture is often leather, brown and red
French style furniture refers to wooden plank beds
French style furniture is sophisticated furniture most popularly painted in neutral/pastel colours
French style furniture is a collection of dark and glazed pottery
7. Which of the following is an example of 'sconce' lighting?
9. Which of the following pictures is an example of a 'valance'?
10. 'A central point of interest' in a room is often referred to as a...
Focus of Interest
8. What is usually the focal point in a living room?


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On the use of thermal conductive focusing for solar concentration enhancement
Rights accessOpen Access
We discuss the possibility for solar concentration enhancement via conductive heat transport. Here, we are concerned, as in orthodox approaches, about maximizing the solar concentration to obtain the highest receiver temperature possible, but with one important difference: In the proposed approach, the solar concentration enhancement is attained not by the use of lenses, mirrors, or funnels (i.e., by optical concentration based on radiative transport), but via thermal conduction, what we call thermal conductive focusing. Among the additional advantages of thermal conductive focusing is the capability to concentrate indistinct direct incidence as well as diffusive radiation. Thus, the concept is especially insensitive to cloudy days and particularly attractive in application to environments with important diffusive components of light. Utilizing a simplified geometrical model, an analytical expression for the temperature and concentration gain at the receiver was derived. The particular application for a parabolic solar trough was analysed. Additional research and development is required to explore the possibilities of solar flux enhancement by thermal conductive focusing as well as the optimization of several variables.
© 2016. This version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license _URL_
CitationArias, F.J. On the use of thermal conductive focusing for solar concentration enhancement. "International journal of thermal sciences", Octubre 2016, vol. 108, p. 17-27.


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DV Summit: Kickstarter – Fear & Love
The Design Ventura summit "Design: the problem and the solution" was held on 29 March 2017. Its purpose was to bring together educators, designers, cultural providers and policy makers to discuss how they can ensure that young people are developing creativity, design thinking and employability skills to prepare them for future success.
The following extract is by Anjeli Placzek, from the Concept Lounge, on her take on the issues discussed.
The Concept Lounge hosted sessions for the Design Ventura Summit focusing on the theme of "Design: The Problem and the Solution" in context.
Inspired by the principle of 'skills fusion' and the benefits of creativity across all industries we invited delegates to journey through the Design Museum's immersive Fear & Love exhibition. Participants reflected upon encounters during the show to consider how seemingly invisible yet vital aspects of design support daily experience and contribute towards a sense of self and habitat. Together participants considered how innovative thinking and the role of design affect our understanding and navigation of a complex world.
Delegates delved deeper into the notion of humans as story telling animals and design as a tool that guides and reflects our collective narrative. The benefits of creative thinking and practice were highlighted along with the importance of casting challenges through a fresh lens to achieve unexpected, effective future solutions.
The value of harnessing innovative thinking and problem solving from a young age is something that resonated with all participants. The workshop feed back concluded that ideally along with an integrated 'skills fusion' approach across subject matters at school, support outside the curriculum is invaluable to offer young people an opportunity to experience the potential of their own creativity and to contextualize this skill in the outside world.


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Lay flat hoses (63mm diameter) provide reliable and efficient water distribution solutions, contributing to improved agricultural yields and cost-effective irrigation practices. Additionally, their flexibility and ease of deployment make them versatile for use in different irrigation systems, including drip, sprinkler, or flood irrigation methods.
Lay flat hoses with a diameter of 63mm offer distinct advantages for a variety of irrigation applications. Their larger diameter allows for increased water flow rates, making them particularly suitable for irrigating larger areas or delivering water over longer distances with minimal pressure loss.
Garden & Field crops
Can be easily connected to existing PVC/HDPE pipes
60 m / 100 m


Package ptolemy.moml
Class MoMLChangeRequest
 - Direct Known Subclasses:
 OffsetMoMLChangeRequest
 public class MoMLChangeRequest
 extends ChangeRequest
 A mutation request specified in MoML. This class provides the preferred mechanism for implementing mutations on a model while it is executing. To use it, create an instance of this class, specifying MoML code as an argument to the constructor. Then queue the instance of this class with a composite entity by calling its requestChange() method.
 If a context is given to the constructor, then the MoML will be executed in that context. If that context has other objects that defer their MoML definitions to it (i.e., it is a class definition and there are instances of the class), then the MoML will also be executed in the context of those objects that defer to it. Thus, the change to a class will propagate to instances. If the context is (deeply) contained by another object that has objects that defer their MoML definitions to it, then the changes are also propagated to those objects. Thus, even when class definitions are nested within class definitions, a change within a class definition will propagate to all instances of the class(es).
 The parser used to implement the change will be the parser contained by a ParserAttribute of the top-level element of the context. If no context is given, or there is no ParserAttribute in its top level, then a new parser is created, and a new ParserAttribute is placed in the top level.
 Note that if a context is specified that is above a class definition, and a change within the class definition is made by referencing the contents of the class definition using dotted names, then the change will not propagate. Thus, changes should be made in the most specific context (lowest level in the hierarchy) possible.
 Since:
 Ptolemy II 1.0
 Version:
 $Id$
 Author:
 Edward A. Lee
 Pt.AcceptedRating:
 Red (neuendor)
 Pt.ProposedRating:
 Yellow (eal)
 - Constructor Detail
 - MoMLChangeRequest
 public MoMLChangeRequest(java.lang.Object originator,
 java.lang.String request)
 Construct a mutation request. The originator is the source of the change request. Since no context is given, a new parser will be used, and it will create a new top level. A listener to changes will probably want to check the originator so that when it is notified of errors or successful completion of changes, it can tell whether the change is one it requested. Alternatively, it can call waitForCompletion(). All external references are assumed to be absolute URLs. Whenever possible, use a different constructor that specifies the base.
 Parameters:
 originator - The originator of the change request.
 request - The mutation request in MoML.
 - MoMLChangeRequest
 public MoMLChangeRequest(java.lang.Object originator,
 NamedObj context,
 java.lang.String request)
 Construct a mutation request to be executed in the specified context. The context is typically a Ptolemy II container, such as an entity, within which the objects specified by the MoML code will be placed. This method resets and uses a parser that is a static member of this class. A listener to changes will probably want to check the originator so that when it is notified of errors or successful completion of changes, it can tell whether the change is one it requested. Alternatively, it can call waitForCompletion(). All external references are assumed to be absolute URLs. Whenever possible, use a different constructor that specifies the base.
 Parameters:
 originator - The originator of the change request.
 context - The context in which to execute the MoML.
 request - The mutation request in MoML.
 - MoMLChangeRequest
 public MoMLChangeRequest(java.lang.Object originator,
 NamedObj context,
 java.lang.String request,
 java.net.URL base)
 Construct a mutation request to be executed in the specified context. The context is typically a Ptolemy II container, such as an entity, within which the objects specified by the MoML code will be placed. If the top-level containing the specified context has a ParserAttribute, then the parser associated with that attribute is used. Otherwise, a new parser is created, and set to be the top-level parser. A listener to changes will probably want to check the originator so that when it is notified of errors or successful completion of changes, it can tell whether the change is one it requested. Alternatively, it can call waitForCompletion(), although there is severe risk of deadlock when doing that.
 Parameters:
 originator - The originator of the change request.
 context - The context in which to execute the MoML.
 request - The mutation request in MoML.
 base - The URL relative to which external references should be resolved.
 - MoMLChangeRequest
 public MoMLChangeRequest(java.lang.Object originator,
 NamedObj context,
 java.lang.String request,
 boolean structural)
 Construct a mutation request to be executed in the specified context. The context is typically a Ptolemy II container, such as an entity, within which the objects specified by the MoML code will be placed. This method resets and uses a parser that is a static member of this class. This constructor also accepts a boolean argument to tell whether the change is structural. Non-structural changes do not require repainting.
 Parameters:
 originator - The originator of the change request.
 context - The context in which to execute the MoML.
 request - The mutation request in MoML.
 structural - Whether or not this is a structural change.
 - Method Detail
 - getContext
 public NamedObj getContext()
 Return the context specified in the constructor, or null if none was specified.
 Returns:
 The context.
 - getDeferredToParent
 @Deprecated
 public static NamedObj getDeferredToParent(NamedObj object)
 Deprecated.
 No longer needed; just use the specified object as a context.
 Return the first container, moving up the hierarchy, for which there are other objects that defer their MoML definitions to it. If there is no such container, then return null. If the specified object has other objects deferring to it, then return the specified object. NOTE: It used to be that the returned value of this method was the recommended context to specify to a constructor. This is no longer necessary. Propagation is automatically taken care of if the context is contained by a deferred-to parent. Thus, you should give the most immediate container that makes sense for the context. It is harmless, however, to use this method to get the context, so older code will work fine.
 Parameters:
 object - The NamedObj to which other objects defer their MoML definitions.
 Returns:
 An object that deeply contains this one, or null.
 - setUndoable
 public void setUndoable(boolean undoable)
 Set whether or not this change is undoable.
 Parameters:
 undoable - whether or not this change should be treated as an incremental change that is undoable
 - setMergeWithPreviousUndo
 public void setMergeWithPreviousUndo(boolean mergeWithPrevious)
 Set whether or not the undo from this change should be merged with the previous undoable change.
 Parameters:
 mergeWithPrevious - whether or not this change should be merged
 - setReportErrorsToHandler
 public void setReportErrorsToHandler(boolean report)
 Specify whether or not to report errors via the handler that is registered with the parser. The initial default is to not report errors to the registered handler. If this method is called with a true argument, errors will be reported to the registered handler. Note that in either case, if the handler returns ErrorHandler.CANCEL, then exceptions will be reported to any change listeners that are registered with this object via their changeFailed() method. If the handler returns ErrorHandler.CONTINUE, then the exception will not be reported to any change listeners and the change listener will think that the change succeeded.
 Parameters:
 report - False to disable error reporting.
 See Also:
 ErrorHandler
 - _execute
 protected void _execute()
 throws java.lang.Exception
 Execute the change by evaluating the request and propagating the request if appropriate.
 Specified by:
 _execute in class ChangeRequest
 Throws:
 java.lang.Exception - If an exception is thrown while evaluating the request.
 - _postParse
 protected void _postParse(MoMLParser parser)
 Do nothing. This is a strategy pattern method that is called by the _execute() method just after doing the parse. Subclasses may override this.
 Parameters:
 parser - The parser
 - _preParse
 protected void _preParse(MoMLParser parser)
 Do nothing. This is a strategy pattern method that is called by the _execute() method just before doing the parse. Subclasses may override this to do some setup of the parser.
 Parameters:
 parser - The parser


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INTRODUCTION-The longwire antenna is a very effective antenna for the listener who wants to cover all of the shortwave bands from 530 KHZ to 30 MHZ. However if you have some favourite frequencies that you listen to on a regular basis you may wish to consider a dipole antenna. This antenna is a fairly easy to construct antenna and will give you better reception on the frequency it is cut for. Think of a dipole as a longwire that has a insulator in the middle.
FREQUENCY-A dipole antenna will not only work well on the frequency it is cut for, but also for the multiples of that frequency. For example if you cut a dipole for 7.0 Mhz will also work well on 14 Mhz, 21 Mhz and 28 Mhz. This way if you can pick and choose your frequency you can make one antenna work on two or three bands.
LENGTH- To find out how long the antenna should be all you have to do is fill in a simple formula:
468 divided by FREQUENCY IN MHZ = LENGTH IN FEET (with end effect calculated in)
300 divided by FREQUENCY IN MHZ = LENGTH IN METERS
That is the only formula you need ever know to build a dipole antenna.


systems and knowledge-based acquisition techniques to the geologic analysis of sedimentary basins and petroleum exploration plays. This paper describes a unique approach to the design and application of a rule-based expert system to the analysis of exploration plays, a methodology commonly used to assess petroleum resources in a basin. This technique consists of using various geologic models and Monte Carlo simulation or probabilistic methods for analyzing geologic and reservoir conditions favorable to the occurrence of petroleum resources. Work is in progress to adapt the geologic model used in the play analysis to an expert-systems and knowledge base, the object being to capture the logic and reasoning used to characterize the geologic model and to evaluate the play. Expert systems techniques now being developed are capable of dealing with inexact reasoning or reasoning under uncertainty by incorporating degrees of uncertainty to deal effectively with incomplete, inferred, or interpretive data involved in the knowledge base. The goal of this study is to provide an embedded diagnostic expert-system approach for characterizing the geologic model to expand upon the play-analysis system. Such a system provides the geologist with capabilities to document major basin components, such as stratigraphy, structural geology, and sedimentation, and to analyze the traditional concepts of source, reservoir, and trapping mechanisms. This expert system will assist the geologist in compiling and interpreting the geologic and reservoir engineering data necessary for running the probabilistic methods to calculate the amount of probable petroleum resources within each play. Diagnostic expert-systems technology can provide challenging new tools in knowledge acquisition and data interpretation in petroleum geology.


Discovering an entirely new animal species has to be rather exciting for scientists. Not only will you go down in history as the person (or persons) that found a creature nobody even knew about, you also — in most cases — get to pick its new name.
Some scientists choose names for species based on where they were discovered or even add their own names into the mix. For the research duo of Luiz Rocha and Yi-Kai Tea, the name of a new fish species of bright purple fish they discovered off the east coast of Africa near Zanzibar was inspired by something close to their hearts: the Marvel cinematic universe.
The fish is a previously unknown species of fairy wrasse. Its bright purple appearance and its African home conjured images of the fictional material Vibranium, leading the scientists to call the new fish the Vibranium fairy wrasse. In Marvel fiction, Vibranium is found in Wakanda, and Black Panther's suit is crafted from the material. Its scientific name is equally nerdy (in a good way): Cirrhilabrus wakanda.
As Earther explains, the fish is a lot like other fairy wrasses in that it's tiny, feasts on floating bits of plankton, and seeks refuge coral reefs. It resides at depths of roughly between 160 and 260 feet, making it a challenge to observe for casual divers. The two researchers now credited with its discovery donned SCUBA suits and trained specifically for the chance to observe the fish in its natural habitat.
There will, of course, be varying opinions of whether scientific naming should include references to pop culture. In this case, the researchers themselves have emphasized their desire to make science more digestible (and interesting) for people who might not otherwise be drawn in by the discovery of a new fish species.


Distinguish between. Organizing and Co-ordinating
Distinguish between.
Organizing and Co-ordinating
1. Meaning
Coordination is the orderly arrangement of group efforts to provide unity of action in the pursuit of a common goal.
2. Objective
To identify and bring together all the required resources.
To ensure the harmony of efforts of the employees for the smooth functioning of the organization.
3. Area of function
It includes identification and grouping of activities, assigning the work, and establishing the authority relationship.
It includes integration of efforts of top-level, middle level, and lower level.
4. Factors
Internal and external factors are considered in the arrangement of resources.
It is the harmonization of human resources.
5. Order
It is based on planning.
It is an important element of organizing which follows planning.
6. Resources
All available resources i.e. men, money, material, machine, and method are arranged in a systematic manner.
It is related to human resources.
7. Nature
It takes place till the time all the resources are collected and arranged.
This is a continuous process related to all managerial levels.
8. level of Management
Top and middle-level management related with organizing the required resources.
It is related to all the levels of management to achieve the goal of the organization.


Kate is a feminine given name with four letters. The variants of Kate are: Katharina, Katarina, Kaja, Caitlin, and Katerina.
Historic Spread
Kate is a common name in several countries. Denmark has the highest popularity.
Siblings of Kate
We don't yet have siblings for Kate. Do you know person named Kate who has siblings? If so, we are very thankful if you can tell us. It takes less than a minute. Thank you very much!
Second names of Kate
Kate is used as a second name for:
Similar sound-alike Names
The following names sound similar to Kate:
Anagrams of Kate
The following names are spelled with the exact same letters as Kate:
More Given Names
The following given names are alphabetically before or after Kate:
Kätchen Käte
Here is a selection of 10 given names, that also starts with letter K and are 4 letters long.


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The Education and Science Institute in Vietnam has warned that the number of children with autism in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) has increased by nearly 160 times over eight years. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nguyen Thi Hoang Yen, deputy head of the institute, said that the number of children diagnosed with autism is rising sharply in Vietnam.
The number of children with autism detected by the Hanoi-based Central Pediatrics Hospital in 2007 was 50 times more than in 2000, and the number of autistic children treated by the hospital in 2007 increased by 33 times from 2000. The number of autistic children in HCMC increased from only two in 2000 to 324, or 160 times higher, in 2008.
The warning was released this week at a seminar on care and education for autistic children. The seminar was jointly held by the Vietnam Association of Autistic Children, the United States Embassy in Vietnam and the United Nations Children's Emergency Fund in Hanoi. On March 13, Tuoitrenews.vn reported that, according to medical websites, "There is probably a combination of factors that leads to autism, including genetic factors and others including diet, mercury poisoning, the body's inability to properly process vitamins and minerals, and vaccine sensitivity..."
Read about the upcoming revolutionary book 'The Thinking Moms' Autism Beyond the Spectrum...' here: _URL_
Find Chiromother on facebook at: _URL_ twitter _URL_ OR on Pinterest at: _URL_


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Mr. Speaker, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency's, CFIA, mandate and priorities include preventing the spread of quarantine pests within Canada. Control of such pests is pursued primarily under provisions of the Plant Protection Act and, for potatoes, relevant provisions of the Seeds Regulations Part II. Newfoundland and Labrador is designated as a quarantine area in relation to potato wart, PW, and potato cyst nematode, PCN, with provisions in place to mitigate the spread of these pests from and within the province.
The primary control measures to prevent spread of PW and PCN within Newfoundland and Labrador have been the planting of pest-free seed potatoes combined with the use of varieties that are resistant to these pests. The CFIA, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and the provincial government in Newfoundland have also implemented programs to support and encourage private gardeners to plant PW- and PCN-resistant varieties.
The mainland areas of Newfoundland and Labrador, commonly referred to as Labrador, have been surveyed for PW and PCN. PCN has not been found in mainland Labrador. PW is present but only in private gardens and is not found in any of the commercial agricultural fields that exist. Measures are in place to suppress PW and prevent its spread, including soil surveys, encouragement of the use of potato varieties resistant to PW, and agricultural extension that includes good management practices that will assist in pest suppression. These measures are pursued in partnership with the provincial government.
PCN and PW are both present on the island of Newfoundland. The movement of soil, potato wart and PCN from Newfoundland is restricted legislatively under the Plant Protection Act and its regulations. In addition, under this legislation, the CFIA has the authority to impose individual notices restricting movement of regulated articles from specific gardens or fields known to be infested with PCN or PW.
Existing CFIA plant protection activities designed to prevent the spread of PCN and PW are routinely reviewed. In addition, the CFIA monitors for any changes that may indicate an increased risk of the spread of these pests to non-infested agricultural areas of Labrador or other Canadian provinces. If an increased risk were to be identified, alternative measures could be developed and implemented to mitigate the risk appropriately.
The current PCN and PW measures have proven to be effective in mitigating the risk of spreading PCN from the island of Newfoundland to Labrador and other parts of Canada, and of PW from Newfoundland and Labrador to other Canadian provinces.
Legislative restrictions for PW and PCN are specified in schedule I and schedule II of the Plant Protection Regulations, SOR/2001-287, s. 1; SOR/2004-80, s. 18.
Schedule I, entitled "Prohibited Movement within Canada", contains the following movement restriction intended to prevent potato varieties susceptible to PW from being produced on the island of Newfoundland:
3. Movement of potato varieties with blue or purple skin (except for the varieties: Brigus, Blue Mac, A.C. Blue Pride and A.C. Domino, and any potato variety to be used for research purposes by a government, an educational institution or a corporation) is prohibited from the rest of Canada into Newfoundland.
Schedule II, subsection 50(3) and sections 51 and 52, of the Plant Protection Regulations, SOR/2001-287, s. 1; SOR/2004-80, s. 18., is entitled "Restricted Movement within Canada". The relevant provisions relating to PW and PCN are provided below:
29. All plants produced within Newfoundland are restricted from moving to all other areas of Canada, based on the requirement for a movement certificate.
38. Soil, compost material, peat moss or anything with soil, compost material or peat moss attached are restricted from moving from Newfoundland to all other areas of Canada by the requirement for a movement certificate.
43. In order to be moved from Newfoundland to other areas of Canada, used bags, boxes, containers and other articles used to move root-crops, soil, compost material or peat moss are required to be free from soil, compost material and peat moss, or to have been subjected to a treatment or process to eradicate PCN and PW.
49. Used vehicles and equipment that are or may be infested must be free from soil and must exit the island of Newfoundland through an inspection centre with washing stations at Argentia, Port aux Basques, St. John's or Cornerbrook.


What is a reserve study
What is a reserve fund study?
In basic terms, a reserve fund study is a report that assists condominium corporations in understanding what they own, how much money they have, the timing of potential replacements, future costs, and, ultimately, how to pay for the replacements when they are due.
How often should an HOA do a reserve study?
every five years
How do you do a reserve study?
Reserve Study Definition
How do you do that calculation? You take the estimated replacement cost and divide it by the number of years the item is estimated to last. That number is the amount you should reserve each year.
What is a reserve budget?
A budget reserve is a rainy-day fund a company sets aside to finance operating activities if adverse, unexpected events cripple its liquidity position or make it difficult for the business to access money in corporate vaults. … Department heads generally estimate budget reserves in absolute or relative terms.
What is the purpose of a reserve fund?
A reserve fund is savings or a liquid asset set aside to cover unexpected costs or future financial obligations. Many governments, financial institutions, and individuals regularly set aside funds into accounts that earn interest.
How are reserve funds calculated?
Formula :D=(1+R)1/12 -1 where R is the yearly rate of discount. This is used to determine the present value of the Reserve Fund ie. D multiplied by Reserve Fund.
 1. Input the amount of the required fund.
 2. Input the number of years.
 3. Input the rate of interest.
How much should my HOA have in reserves?
Ideally, the HOA wants to have a 100% funded reserve meaning that it has enough money to cover all anticipated costs. … Typically between 25% and 40% of fees should be put toward the reserve fund. Be transparent with homeowners about the status of the reserve fund and options for improving funding.
You might be interested: How to calculate required reserve ratio
What happens if HOA runs out of money?
Additionally, if the HOA is unable to recover the funds that it used for the shortfall then there is a permanent loss of a reserve fund. … This means that personal property assets become viable solutions to HOA debt. Therefore, when outstanding debt is an ongoing issue parts of the property are likely to be sold.
Can you claim HOA dues on taxes?
What is the purpose of a reserve study?
A reserve study is an assessment of all the major assets that an HOA or business is responsible to maintain. It evaluates how much life those assets have left and how much it's likely to cost when they wear out. A reserve study is an assessment of all the major assets that an HOA or business is responsible to maintain.
What are the 3 types of reserves?
Types of Reserves:
 - General Reserves: These are those which are generally created without any specific purpose.
 - Specific Reserves: These are those which created for some specific purpose and can be used only for those specific purposes. …
 - Revenue and Capital Reserves: This classification is done according to the nature of profits.
What is the difference between contingency reserve and management reserve?
The Difference Between Contingency Reserve and Management Reserve. … The contingency reserve is used to manage identified risks, while the management reserve is used for unidentified risks. The contingency reserve is an estimated figure, while the management reserve is a percentage of the cost or duration of the project.
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Dominion Energy is on the verge of building a pipeline underneath the Appalachian National Scenic Trail.
Washington, D.C. – Today, the U.S. Supreme Court overturned a lower court decision and upheld a key permit that may allow Dominion Energy to build a section of the Atlantic Coast Pipeline underneath the Appalachian National Scenic Trail.
Earlier this year, The National Parks Conservation Association joined the Coalition to Protect America's National Parks and prominent park advocates Jon Jarvis, former director of the National Park Service, and Pam Underhill, former Superintendent of the Appalachian National Scenic Trail, in filing a joint amicus brief supporting conservation respondents in U.S. Forest Service, et al. v. Cowpasture River Preservation Association, et al. All amici curiae listed above are represented by counsel from Eubanks & Associates, LLC.
Statement by Theresa Pierno, President and CEO for the National Parks Conservation Association:
"Pipelines do not belong in our parks. Dominion Energy is on the verge of building a pipeline underneath the Appalachian National Scenic Trail, and today's Supreme Court ruling only makes it easier for them. This ruling flies in the face of underlying federal laws intended to protect parks from this exact kind of threat. Federal agencies are prohibited by law from granting pipeline crossings across lands in the National Park System.
"The Appalachian Trail welcomes millions of hikers each year. People come from all over the world to enjoy more than 2,000 miles of trail, offering one-of-a-kind respite from the stresses of daily life. This project threatens their unique visitor experience, along with priceless mountain streams and clean air.
"While the pipeline still requires a number of other permits to move forward, which are themselves being challenged in court, we are disappointed by the Court's decision. It fails to honor the commitment made to the American public to protect special places by designating them as units of the National Park System."
About The National Parks Conservation Association: Since 1919, the nonpartisan National Parks Conservation Association has been the leading voice in safeguarding our national parks. NPCA and its nearly 1.4 million members and supporters work together to protect and preserve our nation's most iconic and inspirational places for future generations. For more information, visit _URL_.
For Media Inquiries
Associate Director, Communications


\chapter{FLT - Fried Lettuce and Tomato Sandwich?} In two episodes (which first aired on October 30, 1995 and September 20, 1998), we see a statement of the form $a^{12}+b^{12}=c^{12}$, where $a$, $b$, and $c$ are natural numbers. These equations are the following. \begin{equation} 1782^{12}+1841^{12}=1922^{12}\label{funnyeqn1} \end{equation} \begin{equation} 3987^{12}+4365^{12}=4472^{12}\label{funnyeqn2} \end{equation} This may call to mind a little-known theorem. \begin{thm}[Fermat's Last Theorem, or FLT]\label{flt} The equation $x^n+y^n=z^n$ has no non-zero integer solutions for $n>2$. \end{thm} \begin{proof} I have a marvellous proof of this, but the grant funding to produce this manual is too small for me to present it here. However, interested readers may wish to see \cite{AW1995}.\\ \end{proof} A consequence of this theorem, of course, is that equations (\ref{funnyeqn1}) and (\ref{funnyeqn2}) must be incorrect. But how might one determine this without recourse to FLT? Well, if one had lots of spare time late at night (as you very well may, dear reader), one could just go ahead and multiply them out. This author, on the other hand, has a very active social life. So, we instead recall the following. \begin{lem}\label{integerproducts} The product of any two odd integers is an odd integer. The product of any two even integers is an even integer. \end{lem} \begin{proof} Look in your notes or text from Math Camp. This is one of many similar results we proved back in those good old days.\\ \end{proof} \begin{cor}\label{oddtopower} An odd integer raised to any positive integer power is an odd integer. That is, for odd $z\in\mathbb{Z}$, $z^m$ is odd for any $m\in\mathbb{N}$. \end{cor} \begin{proof} By induction. Suppose $z$ is any odd integer. \emph{Base case}: Since $z$ is odd, we know that $z^1=z$ is odd. \emph{Inductive step}: Suppose $z^n$ is odd for some $n\in\mathbb{N}$ (our inductive hypothesis). We must show that $z^{n+1}$ is also odd. Well,... $z^{n+1}$=$z^n\cdot z$ by basic properties of exponents. By our inductive hypothesis we know that $z^n$ is odd, and we began by assuming that $z$ is odd. So, $z^n\cdot z$ is the product of two odd integers and is therefore odd by Lemma (\ref{integerproducts}).\\ \end{proof} \begin{cor}\label{eventopower} An even integer raised to any positive integer power is an even integer. \end{cor} \begin{proof} This proof is nearly identical to the one above. To reduce the printing cost of this thesis and conserve some of the planet's natural resources, we omit it.\\ \end{proof} We now look back to equation (\ref{funnyeqn1}), $1782^{12}+1841^{12}=1922^{12}$, and see that we have an two even integers, 1782 and 1922, raised to positive integer powers; thus, by Corollary \ref{eventopower}, each of the results is even. Similarly, by Corollary \ref{oddtopower}, $1841^{12}$ is odd.\\ Now all that remains is to invoke one of the most powerful theorems known to mankind. \begin{thm}\label{awesometheorem} The sum of an even integer and an odd integer is an odd integer. \end{thm} \begin{proof} The proof of this theorem is so far beyond the scope of this thesis as to be nearly incomprehensible to a person of your intellect. Some of the greatest math students in the history of Colby College are currently devoting all their talents and energies to a proof, even to the extent that they have had to reduce their daily hours spent playing Dungeons and Dragons from sixteen to just two. Fortunately, they are unemployed and living in their mothers' basements, so they have little else to do.\\ \end{proof} By applying Theorem \ref{awesometheorem} to the left-hand side of Equation (\ref{funnyeqn1}), we see that this left-hand side must be odd. But we already found above that the right-hand side is even. Thus, this equation cannot be true.\\ Alas, this same argument cannot be applied to Equation (\ref{funnyeqn2}). [Why not?] However, by using a different base for our modular arithmetic, we can arrive at the same conclusion. This, my loyal and persevering reader, is left on your shoulders. So put away your video games and your crazy rock and roll records and get to work, you slacker.


text:
Banff (bămf, bănf) [key], town (1991 pop. 5,688), SW Alta., Canada, in the Rocky Mts., on the Bow River and the Trans-Canada Highway. A tourist center and winter resort established in the 1880s by the Canadian Pacific Railway, it is the headquarters of Banff National Park and gateway to Lake Louise. The Banff Center for Continuing Education is a noted fine-arts center.
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
More on Banff from Infoplease:
See more Encyclopedia articles on: Canadian Political Geography


text: Here we present the first 14C ages for the Ascope Canal System (ACS), a large prehispanic hydraulic network in the Chicama Valley on the north coast of Peru. Composed of multiple alignments that irrigated areas north of the river, our results indicate that the ACS was constructed and operated in the Late Intermediate Period, ca. a.d. 1000–1400. This overlaps in time with the Chicama-Moche Intervalley Canal that diverted water on the south side of the Chicama River and extended to the city of Chan Chan. Conservative estimates of discharge capacity indicate that the combined flow through the canals would have exceeded stream flow in the Chicama River during half of the year. The ACS appears to have functioned for several centuries and would have been in direct competition with the Intervalley Canal. There was, apparently, insufficient water for both systems and other Chicama Valley canals during most of the year. This study underscores the complexities of understanding the operations and histories of irrigation systems in complex societies.


text:
by Katie Hacker
Sponsored by: Beadalon®
Crimping is a jewelry making basic. In this Beading Lesson, we'll cover all of the tools, materials and techniques you'll need to make a perfect crimp every time.
Crimp beads are round like seed beads, while crimp tubes are cylindrical. Crimp beads are great for illusion designs or other projects where the crimp needs to be as small and unnoticeable as possible. Crimp tubes make more surface contact with the wire, so they're great for attaching a clasp or making a continuous necklace.
Crimp beads and tubes come in different sizes, which you choose based on the diameter of the wire you're using and the number of times the wire must pass through the crimp. Refer to the packaging for direction. They also come in a variety of metallic finishes.
Crimp covers are c-shaped beads that fit over crimp beads and crimp tubes to give your designs a more finished look.
There are different tools for use with the different sizes of crimps. Most people start with a standard crimping tool and then acquire the other tools as they get more serious about using crimps in their designs.
The Micro Crimper secures Beadalon #1 Crimp Tubes and sizes #0 and #1 Crimp Beads. The jaw grooves are comparably smaller to make a dependable closure on smaller crimp findings.
The Standard Crimper works with the mid-range crimp beads and tubes, like Beadalon #1 and #2 Crimp Beads or #2 Crimp Tubes. The Pocket Crimper has the same size jaws as the Standard Crimper with short, pocket-sized handles.
The Dual Crimper incorporates two medium crimping cavities to fit all of the crimp tubes and beads within the medium range. Each cavity is slightly larger (or smaller) than the other to give the user the ability to tighten the crimp properly.
Use the Mighty Crimper to secure larger Beadalon #3 Crimp Beads or #3, #4 Crimp Tubes. You can also use it to close crimp covers.
Place a crimp bead or tube onto the beading wire. Use the outer jaws to form an oval shape, then move the crimp to the inner jaws. Squeeze hard to make a crease in the crimp bead or tube. Move the crimp to the outer jaws and fold it in half. Use the tool to gently round the crimp bead or tube.