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William Hayward Pickering
American engineer and physicist
William Hayward Pickering
American engineer and physicist
born
December 24, 1910
Wellington, New Zealand
died
March 15, 2004
La Cañada Flintridge, California
William Hayward Pickering, (born December 24, 1910, Wellington, New Zealand—died March 15, 2004, La Cañada Flintridge, California, U.S.) New Zealand-born American engineer, physicist, and head of the team that developed Explorer 1, the first U.S. satellite. He played a leading role in the development of the U.S. space program.
 - William Hayward Pickering (left) presenting U.S. Pres. Lyndon Johnson with Mariner 4 spacecraft photographs, 1964.
 William Hayward Pickering (left) presenting U.S. Pres. Lyndon Johnson with Mariner 4 spacecraft …
 NASA
Pickering attended Canterbury University in New Zealand before moving to the United States in 1929; he became a U.S. citizen in 1941. He studied at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena (B.S. 1932, M.S. 1933, Ph.D. 1936) and joined the staff of the institute in 1936. Working under the American physicist Robert A. Millikan, Pickering developed cosmic-radiation-detection gear for high-altitude balloon flights. In 1944 he became a section chief of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, where he developed the first telemetry system used in U.S. rockets. He was manager of the Corporal rocket project, which brought about important early advances in guidance and communication techniques.
In 1951 Pickering became chief of the division of guided-missile electronics, and three years later he was appointed director of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. He was in charge of the development of the Explorer 1 satellite and the modification of the Jupiter C launch vehicle. Among the laboratory's other important projects were the Ranger and Surveyor spacecraft for unmanned flights to the Moon, the Mariner spacecraft for survey flights to Venus and Mars, and numerous other unmanned probes into the solar system.
Pickering retired from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in 1976 and served for two years as director of the research institute of the University of Petroleum and Minerals in Saudi Arabia. He then returned to Pasadena to establish a private consulting practice. Pickering's numerous awards include an honorary knighthood (1976) from Queen Elizabeth II and the National Medal of Science (1975).
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Explorer I.
any of the largest series of unmanned U.S. spacecraft, consisting of 55 scientific satellites launched between 1958 and 1975. Explorer 1 (launched Jan. 31, 1958), the first space satellite orbited by the United States, discovered the innermost of the Van Allen radiation belts, two zones of charged...
Robert Andrews Millikan.
March 22, 1868 Morrison, Illinois, U.S. December 19, 1953 San Marino, California American physicist honoured with the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1923 for his study of the elementary electronic charge and the photoelectric effect.
New Zealand has a parliamentary form of government based on the British model. The head of government is the prime minister, generally the leader of the governing political party...
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William Hayward Pickering
American engineer and physicist
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Sarson Ka Saag
Sarson Da Saag (as it is known in Punjabi) or (Sarson Ka Saag, in Urdu) is a popular vegetarian dish from the Punjab region of South Asia. It is made from mustard greens (sarson) and spices such as ginger and garlic. It is often served with makki di roti.
Origins and history
The dish is regarded as the traditional way to prepare saag and is usually served with makki di roti. It can be topped with either Makkhan (unprocessed white butter or processed yellow butter) or more traditionally with ghee (clarified butter). Some spinach (called palak ) may be added to enhance colour and thicken the dish, though this may alter the flavor. Also added are some bathua, sarson greens, onion, tomato and all ground spice.
Mustard is a winter and spring delicacy, and its relative abundance in Punjab has made it one of the most popular dishes in those regions.


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...Disharmony between King Wenceslas and Archbishop Jan of Jenštein also hindered the application of effective remedies. By the late 14th century the reform movement was centred at Prague's Bethlehem Chapel, where preaching was done in Czech.
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model relationships, and it can result in a larger model size.
- Longer relationship filter propagation chains will need to be traversed, which will likely be less efficient than filters applied to a single table.
- The Fields pane presents more model tables to report authors, which can result in a less intuitive experience, especially when snowflake dimension tables contain just one or two columns.
- It's not possible to create a hierarchy that spans the tables.
When you choose to integrate into a single model table, you can also define a hierarchy that encompasses the highest and lowest grain of the dimension. Possibly, the storage of redundant denormalized data can result in increased model storage size, particularly for very large dimension tables.
Slowly changing dimensions
A slowly changing dimension (SCD) is one that appropriately manages change of dimension members over time. It applies when business entity values change over time, and in an ad hoc manner. A good example of a slowly changing dimension is a customer dimension, specifically its contact detail columns like email address and phone number. In contrast, some dimensions are considered to be rapidly changing when a dimension attribute changes often, like a stock's market price. The common design approach in these instances is to store rapidly changing attribute values in a fact table measure.
Star schema design theory refers to two common SCD types: Type 1 and Type 2. A dimension-type table could be Type 1 or Type 2, or support both types simultaneously for different columns.
Type 1 SCD
A Type 1 SCD always reflects the latest values, and when changes in source data are detected, the dimension table data is overwritten. This design approach is common for columns that store supplementary values, like the email address or phone number of a customer. When a customer email address or phone number changes, the dimension table updates the customer row with the new values. It's as if the customer always had this contact information.
A non-incremental refresh of a Power BI model dimension-type table achieves the result of a Type 1 SCD. It refreshes the table data to ensure the latest values are loaded.
Type 2 SCD
A Type 2 SCD supports versioning of dimension members. If the source system doesn't store versions, then it's usually the data warehouse load process that detects changes, and appropriately manages the change in a dimension table. In this case, the dimension table must use a surrogate key to provide a unique reference to a version of the dimension member. It also includes columns that define the date range validity of the version (for example, StartDate and EndDate) and possibly a flag column (for example, IsCurrent) to easily filter by current dimension members.
For example, Adventure Works assigns salespeople to a sales region. When a salesperson relocates region, a new version of the salesperson must be created to ensure that historical facts remain associated with the former region. To support accurate historic analysis of sales by salesperson, the dimension table must store versions of salespeople and their associated region(s). The table should also include start and end date values to define the time validity. Current versions may define an empty end date (or 12/31/9999), which indicates that the row is the current version. The table must also define a surrogate key because the business key (in this instance, employee ID) won't be unique.
It's important to understand that when the source data doesn't store versions, you must use an intermediate system (like a data warehouse) to detect and store changes. The table load process must preserve existing data and detect changes. When a change is detected, the table load process must expire the current version. It records these changes by updating the EndDate value and inserting a new version with the StartDate value commencing from the previous EndDate value. Also, related facts must use a time-based lookup to retrieve the dimension key value relevant to the fact date. A Power BI model using Power Query can't produce this result. It can, however, load data from a pre-loaded SCD Type 2 dimension table.
The Power BI model should support querying historical data for a member, regardless of change, and for a version of the member, which represents a particular state of the member in time. In the context of Adventure Works, this design enables you to query the salesperson regardless of assigned sales region, or for a particular version of the salesperson.
To achieve this requirement, the Power BI model dimension-type table must include a column for filtering the salesperson, and a different column for filtering a specific version of the salesperson. It's important that the version column provides a non-ambiguous description, like "Michael Blythe (12/15/2008-06/26/2019)" or "Michael Blythe (current)". It's also important to educate report authors and consumers about the basics of SCD Type 2, and how to achieve appropriate report designs by applying correct filters.
It's also a good design practice to include a hierarchy that allows visuals to drill down to the version level.
A role-playing dimension is a dimension that can filter related facts differently. For example, at Adventure Works, the date dimension table has three relationships to the reseller sales facts. The same dimension table can be used to filter the facts by order date, ship date, or delivery date.
In a data warehouse, the accepted design approach is to define a single date dimension table. At query time, the "role" of the date dimension is established by which fact column you use to join the tables. For example, when you analyze sales by order date, the table join relates to the reseller sales order date column.
In a Power BI model, this design can be imitated by creating multiple relationships between two tables. In the Adventure Works example, the date and reseller sales tables would have three relationships. While this design is possible, it's important to understand that there can only be one active relationship between two Power BI model tables. All remaining relationships must be set to inactive. Having a single active relationship means there is a default filter propagation from date to reseller sales. In this instance, the active relationship is set to the most common filter that is used by reports, which at Adventure Works is the order date relationship.
The only way to use an inactive relationship is to define a DAX expression that uses the USERELATIONSHIP function. In our example, the model developer must create measures to enable analysis of reseller sales by ship date and delivery date. This work can be tedious, especially when the reseller table defines many measures. It also creates Fields pane clutter, with an overabundance of measures. There are other limitations, too:
- When report authors rely on summarizing columns, rather than defining measures, they can't achieve summarization for the inactive relationships without writing a report-level measure. Report-level measures can only be defined when authoring reports in Power BI Desktop.
- With only one active relationship path between date and reseller sales, it's not possible to simultaneously filter reseller sales by different types of dates. For example, you can't produce a visual that plots order date sales by shipped sales.
To overcome these limitations, a common Power BI modeling technique is to create a dimension-type table for each role-playing instance. You typically create the additional dimension tables as calculated tables, using DAX. Using calculated tables, the model can contain a Date table, a Ship Date table and a Delivery Date table, each with a single and active relationship to their respective reseller sales table columns.
This design approach doesn't require you to define multiple measures for different date roles, and it allows simultaneous filtering by different date roles. A minor price to pay, however, with this design approach is that there will be duplication of the date dimension table resulting in an increased model storage size. As dimension-type tables typically store fewer rows relative to fact-type tables, it is rarely a concern.
Observe the following good design practices when you create model dimension-type tables for each role:
- Ensure that the column names are self-describing. While it's possible to have a Year column in all date tables (column names are unique within their table), it's not self-describing by default visual titles. Consider renaming columns in each dimension role table, so that the Ship Date table has a year column named Ship Year, etc.
- When relevant, ensure that table descriptions provide feedback to report authors (through Fields pane tooltips) about how filter propagation is configured. This clarity is important when the model contains a generically named table, like Date, which is used to filter many fact-type tables. In the case that this table has, for example, an active relationship to the reseller sales order date column, consider providing a table description like "Filters reseller sales by order date".
For more information, see Active vs inactive relationship guidance.
A junk dimension is useful when there are many dimensions, especially consisting of few attributes (perhaps one), and when these attributes have few values. Good candidates include order status columns, or customer demographic columns (gender, age group, etc.).
The design objective of a junk dimension is to consolidate many "small" dimensions into a single dimension to both reduce the model storage size and also reduce Fields pane clutter by surfacing fewer model tables.
A junk dimension table is typically the Cartesian product of all dimension attribute members, with a surrogate key column. The surrogate key provides a unique reference to each row in the table. You can build the dimension in a data warehouse, or by using Power Query to create a query that performs full outer query joins, then adds a surrogate key (index column).
You load this query to the model as a dimension-type table. You also need to merge this query with the fact query, so the index column is loaded to the model to support the creation of a "one-to

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Since time immemorial, women have been subjecting themselves to crazy beauty practices to look beautiful and be more appealing. Today, we have different products easily available on the market. But in ancient times, people had to get creative. From changing the shape of one's feet to using highly poisonous materials on the face, we bring to you 10 such craziest ancient beauty practices.
1. In China, foot binding was considered a mark of beauty until the 20th-century. Tight binding was applied to the feet of girls at a young age to modify the shape of their feet to look like a lotus. This resulted in limited mobility for women, and some even had to suffer from lifelong disabilities.
Despite the immense pain, women in China kept alive the tradition of foot binding for many years. The concept was made famous by a 10th-century court dancer named Yao Niang. Her feet were bound into the shape of a new moon! The emperor was enchanted by her dancing on just her toe inside a six-foot golden lotus. Eventually, other ladies of the court started trying out the method, and it turned into a tradition. It became a symbol of one's status along with beauty and sexuality. Down the line, it became so embedded into the Chinese culture that a girl without feet binding had only negligible chances of getting married!
The process starts when the girls are between four to nine years in age. This is the time when the arch of the feet is not fully developed and is easier to bound. The preparation involves the foot being washed with warm, herbed water and animal blood. This was done to soften the feet. Next, the toenails are clipped as far as possible to avoid growth. The toes on each foot were curled under the foot by pressing with great force. This was done until the toes broke. Once the desired lotus shape of the feet was achieved, bandages were used to tightly hold the feet in shape. Eventually, with time, the feet became numb.
There were many health issues related to this process the most common being infections. Blood circulation to the toes was completely cut off because of the tight binding. This meant that any infection on the toes would never heal and ultimately lead to rotten flesh. Moreover, the mobility of the women with bound feet was restricted to a large extent. Some even had to suffer lifelong disability in lieu of the broken bones and terrible infections. (source)
2. The Greeks and Romans used crocodile excrement in their body-toning mud baths. It was also used in face masks, as it was believed to slow down aging.
The ancient Greeks and Romans used various animals and animal byproducts for medicinal and beautifying purposes. One common belief was that reptile excrement had the power to slow down the aging process. So, the Greeks and the Romans used to fill their bathtubs with a mixture of warm mud and crocodile feces. They would then sit there for hours hoping their skin to magically turn younger. Some of the wealthy people were also known to create face masks out of the excrement and mud mixture. The great Greek physician, Galen, noted that women who desired luxury preferred crocodile dung face masks to complete body baths. This was definitely one of the grossest beauty practices, but still, nobody was harmed while trying it out. (source)
3. In 1936, Isabella Gilbert invented the "Dimple Maker" so that dimples could be "made to order!" The device consisted of a spring with two tiny knobs that press into cheeks to create the dimples.
Who doesn't love dimples? There are so many people who wish they had dimples. If only there was a machine that could magically create dimples on our cheeks! In reality, there existed one such machine. Known as the "Dimple Maker," it was created by Isabella Gilbert in 1936. The machine came with just simple instructions: "Wear dimplers five minutes at a time, two or three times a day, while dressing, resting, reading, or writing. Look into the mirror and laugh. There will be a semblance of a line where you should always place the dimplers until your dimples are made."
The device consisted of a spring-like contraption with two rounded knobs. The knobs were to be placed where the dimples are desired. So, the knobs would just press the cheeks hard to create two depressions on both sides of the face. The doctors at the American Medical Association denounced the machine in 1947, as they believed that the prolonged use of the machine might lead to cancer. (source)
4. Tho-Radia, a French cosmetics brand, manufactured products that contained radioactive chemicals like thorium chloride and radium bromide. They were supposed to provide a "radiant" skin.
With the discovery of radium by Marie and Pierre Curie in 1898, the entire scientific community jumped on it. It was not long before radium came to be used in medical and commercial requirements. Beauty is one segment that accepted radium with open arms.
Many cosmetics companies started infusing radium into their products with the promise of a more "radiant" skin. In 1933, Alexis Moussali, a pharmacist, and Alfred Curie, a Parisian doctor, joined hands to launch a range of French radioactive beauty products. The product range was called "Tho-Radia" and included a cleansing milk, skin cream, powder, rouge, lipstick, and toothpaste. The products were marketed as a scientific method of beauty. Advertisements showed a highly-glowing face that can be achieved by using the products. Furthermore, each advertisement carried claims such as "Stimulates cellular vitality, activates circulation, firms skin, eliminates fats, stops enlarged pores forming, stops and cures boils, pimples, redness, pigmentation, protects from the elements, stops aging and gets rid of wrinkles, conserves the freshness and brightness of the complexion." (source)
5. Belladonna or deadly nightshade was used in eye-drops by women to dilate the pupils of the eyes to make them appear seductive.
Crave seductive eyes? Put a drop of deadly nightshade into your eyes! That's what ancient Italian women used to do!
The common name "belladonna" for the poisonous nightshade came from its use by women to look more appealing. Bella donna is Italian for "beautiful lady." Women used to prepare drops from the plant and apply it to their eyes. This would give a pupil dilating effect which was considered seductive at that time. The drops act as a muscarinic antagonist, which means that it works by blocking the receptors in the muscles of the eye which, in turn, constricts the pupil in size. It was quite dangerous, as prolonged use had the potential to lead to permanent blindness. (source)
6. Ancient dentists recommended Portuguese urine as perfect teeth whitening ingredient. Urine jars from Portugal were shipped because people thought that it was a more powerful cleansing agent than "home-grown" Roman urine.
The first people to invent toothpaste for oral hygiene were the Egyptians. The ancient toothpaste was nothing like the ones we use today. They were just a mixture of pumice, a very light and porous volcanic rock, and wine vinegar. Next in the oral hygiene race were the Romans. They did not have any fancy kinds of toothpaste but a totally organic solution to oral hygiene. It was urine.
Daily teeth care for the Romans involved using a local toothpaste where the main ingredient was human urine. Wealthy Romans were ready to pay enough money to get their hands on the famous teeth-whitening toothpaste. Also, the urine was imported from Portugal. It was believed that Portuguese urine had more efficiency when it came to whitening than Roman urine. Sounds bizarre, but it's true. Later, the Portugal urine also made its way to mouth washing liquids in the 18th century. With the collapse of the Roman Empire, their oral hygiene methods were lost.
If we look into the science behind it, the Romans were actually on to something. Urine contains ammonia which is a great cleansing agent. Our modern toothpaste and mouthwashes contain ammonia to provide the whitening effect. (source)
7. Beauty patches, also known as "stick-on beauty marks," were a cosmetic staple in the 1700s. The patches came in a variety of shapes and sizes, like stars, moons, hearts and even more intricate designs like a horse and carriage.
During the 18th century, beauty patches were all the rage. They were used to cover up pimples or blemishes on the skin. This was one of the earliest examples of the use of beauty techniques to convert facial flaws into fashion statements!
Smallpox occurrences in the 18th century were majorly responsible for the emergence of these beauty patches. Very few people survived the pox, but for those who survived, they were left with scars. Enter beauty patches to hide those scars. The first beauty patches were made from costly fabrics such as silk or velvet. They were then coated with an adhesive so that they could be stuck onto one's skin. They came in a variety of decorative shapes like crescents, circles, hearts, triangles, stars, etc.
Eventually, the beauty patches turned into a cosmetic staple. People started adorning them even though they had no blemishes or pimples to cover. According to the Pitt Rivers Museum, "Women pasted them on the face, neck, and breast, according to a newly emerging language of symbolism: a patch above the lip meant coquetry, on a forehead, grandeur, and at the corner of an eye, passion." (source)
8. By the late 1800s, some women would use a blue


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docs
Telemetry
docs-agent-telemetry
The Consul agent collects various runtime metrics about the performance of different libraries and subsystems. These metrics are aggregated on a ten second interval and are retained for one minute.
Telemetry
The Consul agent collects various runtime metrics about the performance of different libraries and subsystems. These metrics are aggregated on a ten second interval and are retained for one minute.
To view this data, you must send a signal to the Consul process: on Unix, this is USR1 while on Windows it is BREAK. Once Consul receives the signal, it will dump the current telemetry information to the agent's stderr.
This telemetry information can be used for debugging or otherwise getting a better view of what Consul is doing.
Additionally, if the telemetry configuration options are provided, the telemetry information will be streamed to a statsite or statsd server where it can be aggregated and flushed to Graphite or any other metrics store. This information can also be viewed with the metrics endpoint in JSON format or using Prometheus format.
Below is sample output of a telemetry dump:
[2014-01-29 10:56:50 -0800 PST][G] 'consul-agent.runtime.num_goroutines': 19.000
[2014-01-29 10:56:50 -0800 PST][G] 'consul-agent.runtime.alloc_bytes': 755960.000
[2014-01-29 10:56:50 -0800 PST][G] 'consul-agent.runtime.malloc_count': 7550.000
[2014-01-29 10:56:50 -0800 PST][G] 'consul-agent.runtime.free_count': 4387.000
[2014-01-29 10:56:50 -0800 PST][G] 'consul-agent.runtime.heap_objects': 3163.000
[2014-01-29 10:56:50 -0800 PST][G] 'consul-agent.runtime.total_gc_pause_ns': _PHONE_.000
[2014-01-29 10:56:50 -0800 PST][G] 'consul-agent.runtime.total_gc_runs': 4.000
[2014-01-29 10:56:50 -0800 PST][C] 'consul-agent.agent.ipc.accept': Count: 5 Sum: 5.000
[2014-01-29 10:56:50 -0800 PST][C] 'consul-agent.agent.ipc.command': Count: 10 Sum: 10.000
[2014-01-29 10:56:50 -0800 PST][C] 'consul-agent.serf.events': Count: 5 Sum: 5.000
[2014-01-29 10:56:50 -0800 PST][C] 'consul-agent.serf.events.foo': Count: 4 Sum: 4.000
[2014-01-29 10:56:50 -0800 PST][C] 'consul-agent.serf.events.baz': Count: 1 Sum: 1.000
[2014-01-29 10:56:50 -0800 PST][S] 'consul-agent.memberlist.gossip': Count: 50 Min: 0.007 Mean: 0.020 Max: 0.041 Stddev: 0.007 Sum: 0.989
[2014-01-29 10:56:50 -0800 PST][S] 'consul-agent.serf.queue.Intent': Count: 10 Sum: 0.000
[2014-01-29 10:56:50 -0800 PST][S] 'consul-agent.serf.queue.Event': Count: 10 Min: 0.000 Mean: 2.500 Max: 5.000 Stddev: 2.121 Sum: 25.000
Key Metrics
These are some metrics emitted that can help you understand the health of your cluster at a glance. For a full list of metrics emitted by Consul, see Metrics Reference
Transaction timing
Metric Name Description
consul.kvs.apply This measures the time it takes to complete an update to the KV store.
consul.txn.apply This measures the time spent applying a transaction operation.
consul.raft.apply This counts the number of Raft transactions occurring over the interval.
consul.raft.commitTime This measures the time it takes to commit a new entry to the Raft log on the leader.
Why they're important: Taken together, these metrics indicate how long it takes to complete write operations in various parts of the Consul cluster. Generally these should all be fairly consistent and no more than a few milliseconds. Sudden changes in any of the timing values could be due to unexpected load on the Consul servers, or due to problems on the servers themselves.
What to look for: Deviations (in any of these metrics) of more than 50% from baseline over the previous hour.
Leadership changes
Metric Name Description
consul.raft.leader.lastContact Measures the time since the leader was last able to contact the follower nodes when checking its leader lease.
consul.raft.state.candidate This increments whenever a Consul server starts an election.
consul.raft.state.leader This increments whenever a Consul server becomes a leader.
Why they're important: Normally, your Consul cluster should have a stable leader. If there are frequent elections or leadership changes, it would likely indicate network issues between the Consul servers, or that the Consul servers themselves are unable to keep up with the load.
What to look for: For a healthy cluster, you're looking for a lastContact lower than 200ms, leader > 0 and candidate == 0. Deviations from this might indicate flapping leadership.
Autopilot
Metric Name Description
consul.autopilot.healthy This tracks the overall health of the local server cluster. If all servers are considered healthy by Autopilot, this will be set to 1. If any are unhealthy, this will be 0.
Why it's important: Obviously, you want your cluster to be healthy.
What to look for: Alert if healthy is 0.
Memory usage
Metric Name Description
consul.runtime.alloc_bytes This measures the number of bytes allocated by the Consul process.
consul.runtime.sys_bytes This is the total number of bytes of memory obtained from the OS.
Why they're important: Consul keeps all of its data in memory. If Consul consumes all available memory, it will crash.
What to look for: If consul.runtime.sys_bytes exceeds 90% of total avaliable system memory.
Garbage collection
Metric Name Description
consul.runtime.total_gc_pause_ns Number of nanoseconds consumed by stop-the-world garbage collection (GC) pauses since Consul started.
Why it's important: GC pause is a "stop-the-world" event, meaning that all runtime threads are blocked until GC completes. Normally these pauses last only a few nanoseconds. But if memory usage is high, the Go runtime may GC so frequently that it starts to slow down Consul.
What to look for: Warning if total_gc_pause_ns exceeds 2 seconds/minute, critical if it exceeds 5 seconds/minute.
NOTE: total_gc_pause_ns is a cumulative counter, so in order to calculate rates (such as GC/minute), you will need to apply a function such as InfluxDB's non_negative_difference().
Network activity - RPC Count
Metric Name Description
consul.client.rpc Increments whenever a Consul agent in client mode makes an RPC request to a Consul server
consul.client.rpc.exceeded Increments whenever a Consul agent in client mode makes an RPC request to a Consul server gets rate limited by that agent's limits configuration.
consul.client.rpc.failed Increments whenever a Consul agent in client mode makes an RPC request to a Consul server and fails.
Why they're important: These measurements indicate the current load created from a Consul agent, including when the load becomes high enough to be rate limited. A high RPC count, especially from consul.client.rpcexceeded meaning that the requests are being rate-limited, could imply a misconfigured Consul agent.
What to look for: Sudden large changes to the consul.client.rpc metrics (greater than 50% deviation from baseline). consul.client.rpc.exceeded or consul.client.rpc.failed count > 0, as it implies that an agent is being rate-limited or fails to make an RPC request to a Consul server
When telemetry is being streamed to an external metrics store, the interval is defined to be that store's flush interval. Otherwise, the interval can be assumed to be 10 seconds when retrieving metrics from the built-in store using the above described signals.
Metrics Reference
This is a full list of metrics emitted


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Chemoenzymatic synthesis of glycopeptides bearing rare N-glycan sequences with or without bisecting GlcNAc†
N-Linked glycopeptides have highly diverse structures in nature. Herein, we describe the first synthesis of rare multi-antennary N-glycan bearing glycan chains on 6-OH of both α1,6- and α1,3-linked mannose arms. To expedite divergent generation of N-glycan structures, four orthogonal protective groups were installed at the branching points on the core tetrasaccharide, which could be removed individually without affecting one another. In addition, the synthetic route is flexible, allowing a bisecting glucosamine moiety to be introduced at a late stage of the synthesis, further expanding the diversity of sequences that could be achieved. The bisecting glucosamine unit significantly reduced the glycosylation yields of adjacent mannoses, which was attributed to steric hindrance imposed by the glucosamine based on molecular modelling analysis. The N-glycans were then transformed to oxazoline donors and ligated with a glycopeptide acceptor from haptoglobin promoted by the wild type Arthrobacter endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (Endo-A). Endo-A exhibited interesting substrate preferences depending on donor sizes, which was rationalized through molecular dynamics studies. This is the first time that a glycopeptide bearing a bisecting N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc), the rare N-glycan branch, and two LewisX trisaccharide antennae was synthesized, enabling access to this class of complex glycopeptide structures.
- This article is part of the themed collection: 2018 Chemical Science HOT Article Collection

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Gilbar, Roy TI - Communicating genetic information in the family: the familial relationship as the forgotten factor AID - 10.1136/jme.2006.017467 DP - 2007 Jul 01 TA - Journal of Medical Ethics PG - 390--393 VI - 33 IP - 7 4099 - 4100 - SO - J Med Ethics2007 Jul 01; 33 AB - Communicating genetic information to family members has been the subject of an extensive debate recently in bioethics and law. In this context, the extent of the relatives' right to know and not to know is examined. The mainstream in the bioethical literature adopts a liberal perception of patient autonomy and offers a utilitarian mechanism for solving familial tensions over genetic information. This reflects a patient-centred approach in which disclosure without consent is justified only to prevent serious harm or death to others. Based on a legal and bioethical analysis on the one hand, and an examination of empirical studies on the other, this paper advocates the adoption of a relational perception of autonomy, which, in the context of genetics, takes into account the effect that any decision—whether to disclose or not to disclose—will have on the familial relationship and the dynamics of the particular family. Adding this factor to the criteria usually advocated by lawyers and ethicists will facilitate reaching a sensitive decision, which recognises the various interests of family members beyond the risk to physical health. Taking this factor into account will require a process of deliberation both between doctors and patients, and in the family. It will also require a relaxation of medical confidentiality, as the family rather than the patient is gradually perceived as the unit of care. Moreover, adopting such a relational approach will accord with current views of doctors and patients who base their decision primarily on the nature of the familial relationship.


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Using Python I want to be able to draw text at different angles using PIL.
For example, imagine you were drawing the number around the face of a clock. The number 3 would appear as expected whereas 12 would we drawn rotated counter-clockwise 90 degrees.
Therefore, I need to be able to draw many different strings at many different angles.
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3 Answers 3
up vote 18 down vote accepted
Draw text into a temporary blank image, rotate that, then paste that onto the original image. You could wrap up the steps in a function. Good luck figuring out the exact coordinates to use - my cold-fogged brain isn't up to it right now.
This demo writes yellow text on a slant over an image:
# Demo to add rotated text to an image using PIL
import Image
import ImageFont, ImageDraw, ImageOps
f = ImageFont.load_default()
txt=Image.new('L', (500,50))
d = ImageDraw.Draw(txt)
d.text( (0, 0), "Someplace Near Boulder", font=f, fill=255)
w=txt.rotate(17.5, expand=1)
im.paste( ImageOps.colorize(w, (0,0,0), (255,255,84)), (242,60), w)
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It's also usefull to know our text's size in pixels before we create an Image object. I used such code when drawing graphs. Then I got no problems e.g. with alignment of data labels (the image is exactly as big as the text).
img_main = Image.new("RGB", (200, 200))
font = ImageFont.load_default()
# Text to be rotated...
rotate_text = u'This text should be rotated.'
# Image for text to be rotated
img_txt = Image.new('L', font.getsize(rotate_text))
draw_txt = ImageDraw.Draw(img_txt)
draw_txt.text((0,0), rotate_text, font=font, fill=255)
t = img_value_axis.rotate(90, expand=1)
The rest of joining the two images together is already described on this page. When you rotate by an "unregular" angle, you have to improve this code a little bit. It actually works for 90, 180, 270...
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I'm not saying this is going to be easy, or that this solution will necessarily be perfect for you, but look at the documentation here:
and especially pay attention to the Image, ImageDraw, and ImageFont modules.
Here's an example to help you out:
import Image
im = Image.new("RGB", (100, 100))
import ImageDraw
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(im)
draw.text((50, 50), "hey")
To do what you really want you may need to make a bunch of separate correctly rotated text images and then compose them all together with some more fancy manipulation. And after all that it still may not look great. I'm not sure how antialiasing and such is handled for instance, but it might not be good. Good luck, and if anyone has an easier way, I'd be interested to know as well.
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Your Answer


Devil's curve
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Devil's curve for a = 0.8 and b = 1.
Devil's curve with a ranging from 0 to 1 and b = 1 (with the curve colour going from blue to red).
In geometry, a Devil's curve is a curve defined in the Cartesian plane by an equation of the form
y^2 (y^2 - a^2) = x^2 (x^2 - b^2).
Devil's curves were studied heavily by Gabriel Cramer.
The name comes from the shape its central lemniscate takes when graphed. The shape is named after the juggling game diabolo, which involves two sticks, a string, and a spinning prop in the likeness of the lemniscate. The confusion is the result of the Italian word diavolo meaning 'devil'.[1]
External links[edit]


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the results, and communicate to other teams. As the results demonstrate, the physical representation of the system modeled with SimMechanics produced a high-fidelity representation of the original BACT system. Plunge and pitch frequencies, as well as the flutter prediction, closely matched experimental results. Rapidly moving from an open-loop analysis to the design of a closed-loop regulatory system demonstrated the practicality of this approach.
The models and examples used in this article are available for download.


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Posted by James Briggs on January 19, 2003
In Reply to: The 'v' sign posted by alan on January 19, 2003
: Perhaps the most common British
phrase, even if it is not spoken but indicated by raising two spread fingers
in a similar fashion and meaning two the American 'one finger salute'.
: It is said to have originated during the Napoleonic wars when Napoleon so frustrated with the devastating effect the British archers were having in battle that he promised that any captured British archer would have his two firing fingers chopped off, in defiance the British archers stood on a hill and raised two fingers in the direction of the enemy soldiers and shouted F**k off thus connecting the word and the sign.
Although he certain origin is unknown, a highly likely basis takes us back to the Hundred Years' War between England and France in the 14th and 15th centuries - much earlier than Napoleon, by which time archers were virtually redundant! Captured 'English' archers who, it seems, were actually mainly Welsh, had the first two fingers of their right hand cut off so that they couldn't take part in future battles. As a defiant riposte, after felling a French soldier with an arrow, an archer would raise his two fingers, just to show that he was still in the game. The battle where this first happened was likely to have been Crécy in 1346.


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CERCA provides services to address the broad range of evaluation needs an agency or organization may encounter. After extensive experience and collaborations with social service and public health agencies across the public and private sectors, CERCA has developed a standardized format to uniformly present and assess the evaluation needs of most organizations. The categories included in this standardized format emerged from the variety of needs that CERCA has addressed with past clientele. The categories for program evaluation needs that CERCA addresses are as follows:
- Design Needs Evaluation design encompasses those elements required for any focused or comprehensive evaluation plan. Consideration of evaluation design needs addresses those decisions necessary to be considered when planning and conducting an evaluation. Design needs refer to such requirements as the development of logic models which illustrate theoretical relationships between program inputs, activities, outputs, and objectives, the development of measurement instruments (e.g., surveys & interview protocols), developing research questions, and determining evaluation methodology and analyses. More specifically, design needs also address programmatic functions such as developing evaluation plans, contract development, and strategic planning.
- Monitoring Needs Monitoring is an essential component of any evaluation practice. Monitoring represents the on-going activity of tracking program progress against planned objectives and goals. Effective monitoring systems, however simple or sophisticated, facilitate regular oversight of program implementation and provide data to determine if progress is being made toward achieving objectives. Monitoring needs refer to those systems and practices that must be maintained or developed to track the implementation and/or progress of programs and their components. These same tasks related to monitoring also apply to programmatic needs to track contract deliverables.
- Reporting Needs Reporting needs refer to those requirements that an organization may have in response to state and federal authorities to report on progress towards achieving objectives. Examples include: Interim and Annual reports to the CDC, reports to state legislative and executive branches, and reports to private foundations.
- Technical Assistance & Consultation In order to ensure the appropriate and accurate implementation of programs and respective monitoring and evaluation systems, the expertise of evaluation researchers may occasionally be required by organizations and program staff. Technical assistance and consultation refer to any need a program may have that requires the expertise of program evaluators to do such things as reviewing, editing, advising, planning, facilitating, training, or strategizing on evaluation-related activities.
- Implementation & Management Implementation needs refer to any needs a program may have for evaluation researchers to actually conduct an evaluation study or components of a study. Implementation practices include, but are not limited to data collection, quantitative and qualitative analysis, and report writing. Evaluation management needs refer to any oversight of external evaluation contracts required by program staff, with specific focus on the timely submission of contract deliverables.
- Dissemination In order to contribute to bodies of knowledge regarding best, promising, and emerging practices to promote health and address chronic diseases, in addition to increasing the public profile of an agency or organization by highlighting successes and challenges, the expertise of evaluation researchers may need to be utilized by program staff. Dissemination occurs in a variety of formats such as in conference presentations and posters, journal articles, published reports, and participation/representation in professional organizations, workgroups, committees, etc.


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Admin Guide: Features
The features tab contains a list of product features that are used to enhance the virtual office experience. Add features like announcements, office games, workspace chat, and employee profiles.
Enable the Announcement feature to allow your workspace members to make video or text announcements. The announcements can be targeted to specific Floors or the entire workspace.
The word game is similar to common word jumble games where participants will be presented with a set of random letters and work together to submit as many words as possible to fill the board.
By turning on Word games, members of your workspace can access them in any room in a Standard floor under the 3-dot menu. This allows for group participation at the start of a meeting.
The jigsaw puzzle is an interactive game where colleagues work together to place image pieces in the right spot until the whole image comes together. Users can increase the difficulty level and rotate to a new image.
To enable the Jigsaw puzzle, toggle the feature on. This feature will be available in any room on a Standard floor under the 3-dot menu, and allows your team to work together to solve the puzzle.
By default, Workspace chat is turned on. This allows your workspace members to communicate with everyone in the workspace. The Workspace chat feature includes:
- Everyone chat, which reaches everyone within the workspace.
- Floor chat, which will target everyone present on that current floor.
- Room chat, which is the chat thread that is specific to each room.
- These can be erased after each thread by editing under the Settings tab.
- Direct messages, which are private between two members.
Turning on profiles is a great way for other members to identify each other. As an administrator, you have the ability to edit the profile fields and the icons associated with each topic.
- Each field you label will become a free form answer to be filled out by your workspace members when they first arrive in the workspace.
- You can add a field by clicking "Add a profile field."
- You can remove a field by hovering over the field, and clicking the "x"
- You can edit the icon by clicking the icon to change and using the options available.
- Users can update their profile at any time while in the workspace by selecting "Edit Profile" after clicking on their avatar in the top right corner on their screen.


Almaz - Meaning of Almaz
What does Almaz mean?
[ syll. al-maz, alm-az ] The baby girl name Almaz is pronounced as AELMaaZ †. Almaz is mainly used in Ethiopian and it is of African-Ethiopia origin. The name Almaz means diamond.
See also the related categories, diamond and ethiopia.
Baby names that sound like Almaz include Almaas, Almas (Arabic and Turkish), Allma, Alma (English, German, Hebrew, Italian, and Spanish), Almah, Almha (Irish), Almog (Hebrew), Ahlama, Alanah (English), Alanice (English), Alanis (English and Irish), Alannis (English), Alannys, Alanya, Alanza, Alawna (English), Alhenah, Alimah, Allena (English), and Alleynah.
Meaning of Almaz
Baby Name Explorer for Almaz
Almaz Popularity Charts
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red:girl name
italics:unisex name
bold:primary name


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Technical Information Bulletin
EASTMAN EKTRACHROME films are color reversal films which require KODAK VNF-1 processing chemistry. The VNF-1 process consists of a ten-step sequence with both B&W and color development, as well as a critical coupler stabilizer bath. This process chemistry is necessary to achieve the correct color balance and image quality for the films.
A significant concern exists for the short and long term dye stability of EASTMAN EKTACHROME films when processed through a KODAK ECN-2 process. Normal VNF-1 processing requires stabilization of the magenta dye. The ECN-2 process provides only a surfactant in the final rinse. If stabilization is not provided, the product suffers magenta dye fade in a relatively short time. Long term dye stability information on EASTMAN EKTACHROME films processed in an ECN-2 process does not exist.
Kodak does not have specific processing data for the EASTMAN EKTACHROME films processed through an ECN-2 process. However, seasoning effects from EASTMAN EKTACHROME films could adversely affect the performance of the ECN-2 chemistry. This could result in potential speed loss (decreased developer activity) as well as curve shape distortion due to color balance differences. The amount of change depends on the quantity of color reversal film processed at any one time.
Based upon the information above and a lack of understanding regarding long term seasoning effects and dye stability, Kodak does not recommend using EASTMAN EKTACHROME films processed through ECN-2 chemistry. If this combination is pursued, create a master positive as soon as possible after processing the film, for archival purposes.
Kodak, ECN, and Ektachrome are trademarks of Eastman Kodak Company.
Technical Information Bulletins provide information of limited or specific application. Responsibility for judging the applicability of the information for a specific use rests with the end user.


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Predicting plasmid persistence in microbial communities by coarse-grained modeling.
Plasmids are a major type of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that mediate horizontal gene transfer. The stable maintenance of plasmids plays a critical role in the functions and survival for microbial populations. However, predicting and controlling plasmid persistence and abundance in complex microbial communities remain challenging. Computationally, this challenge arises from the combinatorial explosion associated with the conventional modeling framework. Recently, a plasmid-centric framework (PCF) has been developed to overcome this computational bottleneck. This framework enables the derivation of a simple metric, the persistence potential, to predict plasmid persistence and abundance. Here, we discuss how PCF can be extended to account for plasmid interactions. We also discuss how such model-guided predictions of plasmid fates can benefit from the development of new experimental tools and data-driven computational methods.
Wang, T; Weiss, A; Ha, Y; You, L
Volume / Issue
Start / End Page
Pubmed Central ID
Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)


In the sphere of advancements in medical science and research, the Human body simulation test phantom serves a pivotal function. This advanced apparatus aims to replicate the complex composition of the human body for trialing purposes, guaranteeing that healthcare practitioners can thoroughly study and comprehend diverse medical predicaments. For the successful creation of an efficient and dependable human body simulation test phantom, several fundamental elements must be attended to. This discourse elucidates these necessities, underscoring their importance and examining how they facilitate the evolution of this indispensable instrument.
1. Authentic Physical Representation
Human body simulation test phantom
Primarily, the demand for a human body simulation test phantom encompasses an authentic physical depiction. To materialize this, the ensuing considerations are essential:
Anatomical Precision: The phantom ought to meticulously simulate the intricate networks of the human body, encompassing bone systems, muscle groups, metabolic systems, and circulatory channels. This guarantees that experimental environments mirror true-to-life circumstances precisely.
Fabrication Materials: The selection of raw materials for phantom construction is paramount. These ought to echo the texture and compactness of human tissues, offering a palpable and genuine tactile sensation.
Personalization: The phantom should permit customization to accommodate diverse physiques, morphologies, and health statuses, validating its utility across a broad spectrum of medicine uses.
2. Operational Capabilities
Human body simulation test phantom
The functional potentialities of the human body simulation test phantom are imperative for realistic experimentation. These encompass:
Inner Organ Functionality: The phantom should simulate the operations of vital internal organs like the heart, respiratory system, and liver, enabling the testing of medical devices and practices that necessitate organ engagement.
Blood Circulation Simulation: An accurate depiction of bloodflow is integral for scrutinizing medical equipment and interventions involving blood transfer.
Sensory Integration: The phantom ought to incorporate sensors to monitor physiological indicators such as pulse frequency, blood pressure, and core body temperature, generating real-time data for evaluation.
3. Reliability and Longevity
Human body simulation test phantom
The durability and maintainability of a human body simulation test phantom are cardinal for assuring its sustained functionality. This entails:
Resilient Fabrication: The phantom should be constructed to endure multiple uses without compromising its precision or functionality.
Maintainance Prerequisites: The device should necessitate minimal upkeep, with explicit guidelines and replacement components promptly accessible.
User-friendly Design: The phantom should be engineered for simplicity of utilization, enabling healthcare practitioners to execute trials comfortably and efficiently.
4. Budgetary Viability
The expenditure related to a human body simulation test phantom is a Considerable determinant in its implementation and extensive application. Thus, the ensuing factors should be taken into account to negate expenses:
Accessible Cost: The phantom should retort to competitive pricing, facilitating access among hospitals and research centers.
Long Lifespan: The device's extended lifespan diminishes the necessity for recurrent replacements, thus curbing costs.
Adaptability: The phantom should be designed to accommodate future technological breakthroughs without necessitating a comprehensive redesign.
By addressing these prerequisites, the evolution of the human body simulation test phantom can be substantially augmented. The outcome is a more precise, reliable, and adaptable instrument that can catalyze the progression of medicinal science and research. In summary, the human body simulation test phantom represents a significant asset in medicine, and by concentrating on these pivotal necessities, we can secure its enduring triumph and efficacy.
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Table of Contents :
Top Suggestions Characteristic Dialogue Worksheet :
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Writing Dialogue Worksheets
Writing Dialogue Worksheets Related Ela Standard W 4 3 B Answer Keys Here When We Are Writing About A Conversation This Exchange Is Referred To As Dialogue The Conversation Can Between Just Two People Or A Whole Crowd Theater Roots Itself Entirely In Dialogue The Actual Speech In Written Form Is Encased In Quotation Marks These Marks Let The Reader Know That These Were Words Were SpokenDialogue Completion Exercises Worksheets Ket Pet Ielts
More Dialogue Exercises 1 Dialogue Completion Exercise 1 2 2 Esl Conversation Exercise 3 Dialogue Examples 4 Conversation Completion 5 English Dialogue Practice 6 Esl Dialogue Worksheet 7 Esl Dialogue Completion Also See Everyday Dialogue Examples English Levels For These Exercises Ilsc Level B4 I1 Canadian Language Benchmark 4 5 Common European Framework A2 B1Dialogue Sheets A New Tool For Retrospectives
A Dialogue Sheet Is Sheet Of Paper Eight Times Bigger Than A Regular A4 Or Letter Sized Sheet Over The Last Year Agile And Traditional Teams Have Taken To Using These Sheets For RetrospectivesCharacterization Lesson Ereading Worksheets
Ccss Ela Literacy Rl 8 3 Analyze How Particular Lines Of Dialogue Or Incidents In A Story Or Drama Propel The Action Reveal Aspects Of A Character Or Provoke A Decision Ccss Ela Literacy Rl 9 10 3 Analyze How Complex Characters E G Those With Multiple Or Conflicting Motivations Develop Over The Course Of A Text Interact With Other Characters And Advance The Plot Or Develop The
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Characteristic Dialogue Worksheet. The worksheet is an assortment of 4 intriguing pursuits that will enhance your kid's knowledge and abilities. The worksheets are offered in developmentally appropriate versions for kids of different ages. Adding and subtracting integers worksheets in many ranges including a number of choices for parentheses use.
You can begin with the uppercase cursives and after that move forward with the lowercase cursives. Handwriting for kids will also be rather simple to develop in such a fashion. If you're an adult and wish to increase your handwriting, it can be accomplished. As a result, in the event that you really wish to enhance handwriting of your kid, hurry to explore the advantages of an intelligent learning tool now!
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The use of grids The use of grids is vital in earning your child learn to Improve handwriting. Also, bear in mind that maybe your very first try at brainstorming may not bring anything relevant, but don't stop trying. Once you are able to work, you might be surprised how much you get done. Take into consideration how you feel about yourself. Getting able to modify the tracking helps fit more letters in a little space or spread out letters if they're too tight. Perhaps you must enlist the aid of another man to encourage or help you keep focused.
Characteristic Dialogue Worksheet. Try to remember, you always have to care for your child with amazing care, compassion and affection to be able to help him learn. You may also ask your kid's teacher for extra worksheets. Your son or daughter is not going to just learn a different sort of font but in addition learn how to write elegantly because cursive writing is quite beautiful to check out. As a result, if a kid is already suffering from ADHD his handwriting will definitely be affected. Accordingly, to be able to accomplish this, if children are taught to form different shapes in a suitable fashion, it is going to enable them to compose the letters in a really smooth and easy method. Although it can be cute every time a youngster says he runned on the playground, students want to understand how to use past tense so as to speak and write correctly. Let say, you would like to boost your son's or daughter's handwriting, it is but obvious that you want to give your son or daughter plenty of practice, as they say, practice makes perfect.
Without phonics skills, it's almost impossible, especially for kids, to learn how to read new words. Techniques to Handle Attention Issues It is extremely essential that should you discover your kid is inattentive to his learning especially when it has to do with reading and writing issues you must begin working on various ways and to improve it. Use a student's name in every sentence so there's a single sentence for each kid. Because he or she learns at his own rate, there is some variability in the age when a child is ready to learn to read. Teaching your kid to form the alphabets is quite a complicated practice.


Different types of parallel and perspective projection, Computer Graphics
Q. Describe different types of parallel and perspective projection used in computer graphics.
 OR
Explain projection, type of projection, view plane vanishing point in detail.
 OR
Write short note on parallel projection.
 OR
Describe different types of parallel projections used in computer graphics.
Ans. Projection: Once world coordinate descriptions of the objects in a scene are converted to viewing coordinate, we can project the three- dimensional object onto the two- dimensional view plane. There are two basic projections methods- parallel and Perspective projection. (i) Parallel projection: In a parallel projection, parallel lines in the world coordinate scene project into parallel lines on the two dimensional display plane. This technique is used in engineering and architectural drawings to represent an object with a set of views that maintain relative proportions of the object. By selecting different viewing positions, we can project visible points on the object onto the display plane to obtain different - dimensional views of the object. When the projection is perpendicular to the view plane, we have an orthographic parallel projection. Three basic types of orthographic parallel projections are: (a) Top view( plan view): The projection of the object as seen from the top. (b) side view (side elevation): The projection of the object on a display plane as seen from a side of the object. The display plane is always on the side just opposite to the viewing position. (c) Front view (front elevation) The projection of the object as seen from the front side of the object. Orthographic projection are those that display more than one face of an object which can also be drawn. Such views are called 'axonometric' orthographic projection. The most commonly used axonometric projection is the Isometric projection. An isometric projection can be generated by aligning the projection plane so that it intersects each coordinate axis in which the object is defined (called the principal axis) at the same distance from the origin. Oblique projection: An oblique projection is obtained by projection points along parallel lines that are not perpendicular to the projection plane. The oblique projection vector is specified with two angles a and o. Common choices for angle o are 300 and 450 which display a combination view of the front, side and top of an object. Commonly used values for a are those which tan a = 1 and tan a = 2. For the first case, a = 450 and the views obtained are called Cavalier projection. All lines perpendicular to the projection plane are projection with no change in length. When the projection angle a is chosen so that tan a = 2, the resulting view is called a cabinet projection. For this angle (=63.40), lines perpendicular to the viewing surface are projection at one- half their length. Cabinet projection appears more realistic then cavalier projection because of the reduction in the length of perpendiculars. (ii) Perspective projection: To obtain a perspective projection of a three- dimensional object, we transform points along projection lines that meet at the projection reference point. Suppose we set the projection reference point at position Z prp along the Z v axis, and we place the view plane the view plane at Z v p,. We can write equations describing coordinate position along this perspective projection line in parametric from as x' = x- x u y' = y- y u z' = z- (z- z prp)u parameter u takes values from 0 to 1, and coordinate position (x', y', z') represents any point along the projection line. When u=0, we are at position P= (x, y, z). At the other end of the line, u=1 and we have the projection reference point coordinate (0, 0, z prp). On the view plane, z'=zvp and we can solve the z' equation of parameter u at this position along the projection line: u = 0, we are at position P = (x, y, z). At the other end of the line, u = 1 and we have the projection reference point coordinates (0, 0, z ). On the view plane z = z and we can solve the z equation of parameter u at this position along the projection line: View Plane A view plane, or projection plane is the set up perpendicular to the viewing zy axis. The view plane as the film plane in a camera that has been positioned and oriented for a particular shot of the scene. World coordinate positions in the scene are transformed to viewing coordinates. Then viewing coordinates are projected on to the view plane.
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Acoustic water bottom investigation with a remotely operated watercraft survey system
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Abstract
This paper describes a remotely operated investigation system developed by combining a modern leisure-use fish finder and an unmanned watercraft to survey water bottom topography and other data related to bottom materials. Current leisure-use fish finders have strong depth sounding capabilities and can provide precise sonar images and bathymetric information. Because these sonar instruments are lightweight and small, they can be used on unmanned small watercraft. With the developed system, an operator can direct the heading of an unmanned watercraft and monitor a PC display showing real-time positioning information through the use of onboard equipment and long-distance communication devices. Here, we explain how the system was developed and demonstrate the use of the system in an area of submerged woods in a lake. The system is low cost, easy to use, and mobile. It should be useful in surveying areas that have heretofore been hard to investigate, including remote, small, and shallow lakes, for example, volcanic and glacial lakes.
Introduction
Acoustic investigation by sonar is a basic scientific method that has been used to measure depth and investigate geological conditions under water. However, using this method has historically been costly and required researchers to have special training. Acoustic methods have also been used for commercial and leisure fishing, whether to find fish and fish beds or to prevent ships and boats from grounding. The performance of leisure-use fish finders has improved considerably recently. They provide high-quality depth measurements and high-resolution sonar images. In addition, the data are recordable with simultaneous positional information, so a wide range of scientific data can be collected at a relatively low cost; moreover, the equipment can be used on small boats because of their small size and light weight. Thus, these modern fish finders have been used in a variety of research fields, including marine engineering (Uchida et al. 2008; Tabusa et al. 2013), glaciology (Sugiyama et al. 2015), marine biology (Heyman et al. 2007), and archeology and geology (Yamasaki and Kamai 2015).
Because leisure-use fish finders are light and small, they have been used in trials on remote-controlled watercraft (e.g., Tedesco and Steiner 2011; Purdie et al. 2016). The surveys using them can perform acoustic investigations of small areas, including small lakes, ponds, and other areas unsuitable for normal manned vessels. Previous studies using remote-controlled watercraft and leisure-use fish finders mainly focused on measuring depth to produce bathymetric maps. By combining the use of a modern high-performance fish finder, which provides information on bottom materials and topographic details, and a remote-controlled watercraft, more detailed and broad-based analyses can be conducted in small water areas. In addition, these types of remote control systems can be developed by using recently developed, inexpensive commercial electronic devices. In this study, we developed a low-cost remote control system and evaluated its use on a remote-controlled watercraft equipped with a high-performance fish finder.
The developed watercraft is easy to produce, so we expect it could be used in a wide array of earth science fields. In this paper, we present a method of producing the system, a procedure for using it, and a case study of its use.
Methods/Experimental
Sonar systems
We used fish finders to provide sonar images, depth data, and synchronized positioning information via GNSS (global navigation satellite system). Sonar images differ depending on acoustic sources; 50 to 200 kHz acoustic sources have usually been used in traditional fish finders. Although these frequencies emphasize fish finding, shapes are indefinite in the sonar images. Some GNSS fish finders, however, provide not only traditional sonar images (Fig. 1a) but also side-scan images or high-resolution sonar images with higher frequency acoustic sources, for example, 455 kHz (Fig. 1b). Side-scan imaging is a technology that can be used to survey wide areas and that can produce images of shape and dimensions (Fig. 1c). In this study, we looked for a sonar system that would transmit acoustic beams on two different frequencies as well as provide traditional acoustic images, high-resolution sonar images, and side-scan images simultaneously. We adopted two low-cost systems that consisted of the following components: a combination of a HDS®-5 Gen 2, StructureScan® HD scanner (Lowrance Electronics, US), and a B60-12° transducer (Airmar Technology Corp., US) or a combination of the HDS®-7 Gen 2 touch scanner (Lowrance Electronics) and a P319 transducer (Airmar Technology Corp.). StructureScan® HD scanner is a machine of side-scan and high-resolution sonar to use with HDS®-5 Gen 2. HDS®-7 Gen 2 touch is a sonar machine that has functions of normal, high-resolution and side-scan sonars. The performance of both systems was quite similar, but the B60-12° transducer includes a function such that the acoustic beam is always shot straight down regardless of whether the vessel is rolling or not.
Fig. 1
figure1
Sonar images obtained by a a 200 kHz acoustic source (P391 transducer, Airmar), b 455 kHz acoustic source (StructureScan® HD, Lowrance), and c 455 kHz side-scan (StructureScan® HD, Lowrance) for the same track. The red arrows indicate the submerged trees; X and Y on a and b are the same objects. Brighter images suggest stronger acoustic reflection. c Side-scan image shows the areal distribution of acoustic reflections on the lake floor; prominent materials on the floor are bright and their shadows are dark. Thus, the shape of materials on the floor is identifiable; for example, submerged trees (yellow arrows) have long shadows
The frequency of the acoustic source is related to the sounding limit at a given power level. For example, lower frequencies reach a greater depth, but the resolution of the sonar image worsens at lower frequencies (Fig. 1a, b). With the combination of the HDS®-5 Gen 2, StructureScan® HD scanner, and B60-12° transducer, we could detect objects at a depth of less than about 150 m with a 200 kHz acoustic source, but we obtained 455 kHz high-resolution images only at depths of less than about 80 m. Side-scan imaging by StructureScan® HD with a 455 kHz acoustic source is effective at depths of less than 60 m and widths narrower than 100 m.
Acoustic beams are transmitted and received through transducers, and there are many types of transducers in terms of both power and acoustic frequency. An acoustic beam has a radiation angle, and the width of the scanned area at the bottom surface depends on depth. For example, if the radiation angle is 12°, the area of scanning is a circle 6 m in diameter at a depth of 30 m, but it is 21 m in diameter at 100 m. Because sonar systems measure distance from the closest point to the transducer, the detected depth is not always the true depth at the position of transducer. Thus, the radiation angle of transducer, depth range, and irregularity of topography should be considered in effective surveys.
We confirmed the accuracy of the previously noted fish finders by using a hand lead. The depths measured by the two systems were 0.2 m deeper than the true depth for a depth of 32.0 m and a water temperature of 8.2 °C. However, we measured depth accuracy only under this one condition for each system. Therefore, the accuracy of each system still needs to be examined under a greater variety of conditions because acoustic velocity varies with water temperature and density.
Remote-controlled vessel
The developed remote-controlled vessels were equipped with the sonar system, GNSS receivers and a heading sensor, and an electric motor system (Fig. 2). Positioning and heading information were transmitted to the vessel from the operator on land, who could remotely control the heading and speed of the watercraft while monitoring its real-time position and path on a PC display. The concept of the overall system is based on Tabusa et al. (2013), but the developed system is simpler. Tabusa et al. (2013) developed a completely automated system in which watercraft pass through a number of GPS way points. For surveying shallow water areas and hazardous water areas, however, a semi-automated system such as ours can be more effective. For example, there are generally many obstructions in small water areas, and small watercrafts are easily affected by wavy and windy conditions, so having an operator remotely direct the heading of the vessel allows for more flexibility in avoiding obstructions. This flexibility allows the operator to select a safer or more easily navigable route when the watercraft is affected by obstacles, waves, or wind.
Fig. 2
figure2
The concepts behind the remote-controlled watercraft survey system. The watercraft has four systems: motor (blue), sonar (red), GNSS receiver and heading sensor (green), and transceiver (black). The positioning and heading information are transmitted to a PC on land, and the operator can watch the trace and real-time position on a PC display and transmit a signal to a radio controller to operate the craft
We used 12 V electric motors (Model 50700-120, Haswing, China), weighing about 15 kg, on the remote-controlled watercraft. Although each electric motor had a wireless controller, the communication distance of the controller was less than 50 m


text:
Argemone albiflora ssp. texana
Bluestem pricklypoppy, White pricklypoppy
Papaveraceae (Poppy Family)
Marcus, Joseph A.
This is an extremely prickly annual
usually growing 1 1/2-2 ft., but sometimes reaching 5 ft. in height. Subtended by leaf-like, spiny bracts, the white blooms are 4-6 in. across with fragile, crinkled petals and numerous yellow or red stamens. White prickly poppyís blue-green leaves are lobed, spiny, and covered with a whitish bloom.
Image Gallery: 12 photo(s) available
Plant CharacteristicsDuration: Annual Habit: Herb Root Type: Tap Leaf Complexity: Simple Breeding System:
Flowers Bisexual Flower:
Fruit: Size Class:
Bloom InformationBloom Color: White
Bloom Time: Mar, Apr, May, Jun
, TX Native Distribution:
Most of TX
into OK; naturalized elsewhere Native Habitat:
Hills; pastures; disturbed areas
Growing ConditionsWater Use:
Low Light Requirement:
Sun Soil Moisture:
Dry Soil Description:
Sandy or gravelly soils. Conditions Comments:
White prickly poppy is not competitive with perennials. It blooms only in spring and should be pulled out by June. This is an extremely prickly annual
or biennial. White prickly poppys blue-green leaves are lobed, spiny, and covered with a whitish bloom.
BenefitWarning: Seeds and other plant parts can be toxic if ingested. Sensitivity to a toxin varies with a personís age, weight, physical condition, and individual susceptibility. Children are most vulnerable because of their curiosity and small size. Toxicity can vary in a plant according to season, the plantís different parts, and its stage of growth; and plants can absorb toxic substances, such as herbicides, pesticides, and pollutants from the water, air, and soil.
Conspicuous Flowers: yes


text:
Manufacturing Productivity: Effects of Service Sector Innovations and Institutions
A major international transmission channel of productivity increases is trade in intermediate products and services. This paper analyses international rent spillovers at the industry level and for the first time investigates effects from the service sector in this international framework. The World Input-Output Database (WIOD) allows us to improve over the traditional approach of using trade in intermediates in the estimation of international spillovers by making use of input-output linkages between industries in different countries. Our results using this novel approach confirm the productivity effects from international manufacturing spillovers found in recent literature. As regards services, which provide a substantial component of the manufacturing sectors' inputs, our results indicate significant positive productivity effects from innovations in this sector. Furthermore, we control for the effect of domestic institutions on productivity. A high quality of contract enforcement and property rights protection is found to foster firm development and increase productivity in the country. Last but not least educational institutions in the reporter country are an important determinant of productivity developments.
Keywords: productivity, research and development, services, spillovers, institutions
JEL classification: F14, F43, O31, O43
Countries covered: Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, USA, Australia, Great Britain
Research Areas: International Trade, Competitiveness and FDI


text:
Here we go again : a case study on re-entering a foreign market
Journal article, Peer reviewed
MetadataShow full item record
- Scientific articles
Original versionBritish Journal of Management Volume 32, Issue 2 April 2021 Pages 416-434 10.1111/_PHONE_.12407
Globalization has motivated firms to expand into foreign markets, but internationalization is inherently dynamic. Many firms have exited foreign markets for various reasons, but some later decide to re‐enter those same markets. Based on a case study of a Brazilian multinational's activities in Mexico, this study contributes to the literature on re‐entry decisions of multinational enterprises and their outcomes, focusing on the roles of institutional voids and the experiences of decision‐makers during such processes. The findings suggest that companies learn from their mistakes and reconsider how they approach re‐entry and the resources that may need to be mobilized. However, the learning process is not straightforward as it is clouded by international knowledge myopia. This study highlights how multiple actors and considerations influence re‐entry events.


Master Detail Example#
The Master Detail Example shows how to present data from different data sources in the same application. The album titles, and the corresponding artists and release dates, are kept in a database, while each album's tracks are stored in an XML file.
The example also shows how to add as well as remove data from both the database and the associated XML file using the API provided by the Qt SQL and Qt XML modules, respectively.
../_images/masterdetail-example.png
Example project @ code.qt.io


text:
New sensors to monitor storm surge on bridges
A University of Florida team is starting to gather real-time data on the impact of waves and rising water on bridges during hurricanes. Unlike studies that rely on tests in wave laboratories, this research will use data transmitted directly from bridges during actual storms. With support from the National Science Foundation, civil engineering Professor Jennifer Bridge and her students are investigating how best to provide early warning to communities when a bridge is in danger of failing due to storm damage.
Provided by National Science Foundation
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. subballast for railway construction in uae,gabbro quarries uae,marine rocks uae,stone crushers uae,gabbro mining amp quarrying,concrete aggregate uae,asphalt aggregates uae,dba crusher uae,darwish crusher uae,sbd crusher uae,abu dhabi ...
The bulk density and void percentage of aggregate can be evaluated using standard test methods of applicable codes such as ASTM C 29C29M-17a, IS 2386 Part 3 1963, or BS 812-21995. The procedure provided in this article is based on the specification of ASTM standard
Jun 11, 2013 Reference data sheet 2. Blast Furnace Slag Aggregates Properties . encompasses materials such as sand, gravel and crushed stone, which includes fine and coarse b Fine aggregate nominal size of less than 5 mm c Heavyweight aggregate particle density on a dry basis of greater than or equal to More detailed
The size of aggregate bigger than 4.75 mm is considered as coarse aggregates and less as fine aggregate or sand. The nominal sizes of coarse aggregate are 10 mm, 20 mm, etc. The shape of the particle depends on strength and abrasion resistance of the parent rock and the amount of wear to which it has been subjected.
public buildings were built using concrete incorporating an anorthositic gabbro coarse aggregate containing sulfide minerals. A large number of those concrete structures developed serious deterioration within 3 to 5 years after their construction, which triggered, in many cases, their demolitionreplacement. To
21 rows Particle Density. 10. 2.72. 2.66. 2.64 . Apparent Mgm3. S. S. Dry Basis. O. D Basis. 210. 150 min . KN. BS 812Part111. Ten percent 10 Fine Value. 11. 27. 30 ASTM C131-2008. Los Angeles Abrasion. 12. 1.1. 15. 15 ASTM C88-2005. SOUNDNESS. Loss by Magnesium Sulfate. 13. 18. 30 BSEN 933part3. Flakiness index. 14. 17. 35 Elongation index. 15. Not Applied. Not Applied. Min70 ASTM
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Noun: Othman I
 1. The conqueror of Turkey who founded the Ottoman Empire and the Ottoman dynasty that ruled Turkey after the 13th century; conquered most of Asia Minor and assumed the title of emir in 1299 (_PHONE_)
 - Osman I
Type of: ameer, amir, emeer, emir
Encyclopedia: Othman I


text:
Air Force Awards Helicon Phase I SBIR Contract to Demonstrate Feasibility of Novel Materials for Advanced Solid Propellants
Helicon Chemical Company has received an SBIR Phase I contract from the Air Force to demonstrate reactive composite materials that will provide breakthrough change in the performance of solid propellants for Air Force missile propulsion systems. This effort was proposed in response to an SBIR topic seeking technologies supporting development of novel weapons capabilities for the Air Force.
Helicon will demonstrate propellants in which currently used propellant ingredients are replaced by in situ grown aluminum nanocomposite materials. Using a novel, scalable in situ nanoparticle growth process, Helicon produces high-energy reactive composites with near-molecular-level intermixing of the aluminum fuel and polymer binder. In situ nanocomposites are safe to handle, insensitive, compatible with energetic ingredients, and impervious to moisture. Helicon's nanocomposite materials provide the increased performance required to meet Air Force goals without negative impacts to safety and using current energetic materials processing technology.
Helicon Chemical Company was founded to commercialize recent advances in composite materials manufacturing technology. Helicon is developing and demonstrating prototype nanostructured materials for aerospace propulsion systems, munitions, and environmental applications for our government and commercial customers.
For more information, contact:
Dr. David Reid
President and CEO
Phone: _PHONE_


text:
SLC Adult Resources - Summer 2020
Use this kit of visuals to add interest, excitement, and increase understanding of your lesson. Includes printed maps, charts, art, and colorful photography. The CD provides these resources digitally as well, in addition to PowerPointå¨ presentations for each lesson and reproducible student pages. Order one per class.
PowerPointå¨ is a trademark registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office by Microsoft Corporation. Used by permission.
Standard Lesson Quarterlyå¨ is a richly resourced adult curriculum based on the International Sunday School Lessons (ISSL)/Uniform Series. Reliable Scripture exposition, culturally relevant examples, and timely discussion questions engage students and give the Bible lesson meaning in their everyday lives. Using the KJV or NIVå¨ as a basis for study, students survey the Bible in a six year cycle.
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