text:
More and more employers are realizing the positive effects of flexible work arrangements on business outcomes and positive work attitude. Of course there are still some doubts and uncertainties about flexible work remaining to be addressed. Although within a wide selection of different forms of flexibility every company should be able to find a way to make the most out of flexible work. Not every form of work suits every company, so it is important to review your options before implementing a flexible work policy.
Whether it be through flexitime schedules, compressed work weeks, job sharing, remote work or part-time work, not only the companies and economies can profit and grow. We can all do our share in creating a healthier environment and employing happier and healthier employees.
Whole countries are beginning to recognize this. Some of them have already made it legal to request a flexible work arrangement.
Where in the world do employees have a legal right to request a flexible work arrangement?
France The Netherlands Germany The United Kingdom Belgium New Zealand Finland Australia USA (San Francisco, Vermont, New Hampshire and federal government employees)
The laws in each country are a bit different. What they all have in common is the employee's ability to request a flexible work arrangement from their employer without negative consequences.
How does employee apply for flexible work?
There are usually a few conditions for an employee to make the statutory application for a flexible work arrangement:
- employee needs to file a written application, stating what kind of flexible arrangement they propose, starting when, how the arrangement might affect business and how this could be dealt with,
- they have to be employed at the current company for at least a certain period of time,
- they can only file one application in a certain time frame, usually within one year.
In what case can employer refuse a request?
It should still be noted that in all cases, employers have the right to refuse any request for flexibility on business grounds, such as:
- there will be extra costs that will damage the business
- flexible arrangement will affect quality and performance
- the work can't be effectively reorganized among other staff
- the business won't be able to meet customer demand
- there's a lack of work during the proposed working times
However, the employer is obliged to review every request carefully and respond to it in writing in a certain period, usually no longer than in a month. In case the request is declined, the employer needs to state the reasons for their decision.
When both parties agree on the arrangement, an employer should write a statement of the agreed changes and accordingly change the employee's work contract. They should also set a start date for the new arrangement and set the length of a trial period, if they agreed on it.
Please refer to the work attendance policy of each of the countries to get exact information on requirements for a certain country.
Track your flexible work hours with All Hours. Try it out for free, all features included:
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text:
How Can True Inquiry Happen in K-16 Science Education?
In his analysis of current research on teaching through the use of inquiry in the science curriculum, the author explores student learning, students' misconceptions of the nature of science, and ideas for curricular support, as components of the challenge teachers must face when implementing an inquiry curriculum.
Nadelson, Louis S.. (2009). "How Can True Inquiry Happen in K-16 Science Education?". Science Educator, 18(1), 48-57.
This document is currently not available here.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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What is a parsnip? And why it's a must-have to your dishes!
Parsnips aren't part of the commonly used vegetable group, which is why you might find yourself wondering, "what's a parsnip?" once you come across this curious vegetable.
And while it isn't popular like its peers, such as carrots or turnips, a parsnip makes a great addition to both sweet and savory dishes.
This unique vegetable holds many benefits. It can also be used in many dishes, both cooked and uncooked. It also brings a warm, distinct flavor to all your recipes.
Here's what you need to know about parsnips and how you can use them.
What is a parsnip?
Originating from Eurasia, parsnips are similar to carrots. They are long-rooted vegetables that grow underground and feature a light, creamy color when ready to harvest.
Parsnips are widely available in fall through spring because these are the seasons when they are the freshest.
Though parsnips are often confused with carrots, there is one very distinct difference between them.
Parsnips have a pale, creamy, whitish color and come with a buttery taste that is different from carrots.
Although parsnips are considered biennial plants (which means they take up to two years to complete their growth cycle), they usually aren't edible if they are not harvested after their first year of growth.
What do parsnips taste like?
Parsnips don't only look like pale versions of carrots, but they also have a similar taste.
Like carrots, parsnips have an underlying sweetness to them. However, unlike carrots, parsnips have a tinge of spice and bitterness paired with their sweet flavor.
Because they grow underground, their flavor is also earthy but starchy, like potatoes.
Staying underground for so long comes with its own benefits: When parsnips mature underground during the winter frost, they tend to become sweeter and more buttery than they were before.
How to store parsnips
Luckily, parsnips aren't the kind of vegetable that goes bad if you don't use them immediately.
You can store parsnips for up to two to three weeks in your refrigerator. Remember to remove the tops off of the vegetable or they can dry out the parsnip over time.
You can place them in a loose, plastic bag before storing them in the fridge. On the other hand, if you're storing cooked parsnips, they can only last for around two to three days before going bad.
You can also freeze them for as long as ten months if you wash, scrub, cut them up into little cubes, and blanch them before placing them in a freezer bag.
How do you cook parsnips?
There are several ways to cook parsnips. You can boil, roast, or sautee them.
To find the best parsnips for your recipe, look for ones that are smaller and straighter. Big parsnips may be tempting, but they have a less dynamic taste and don't bring much flavor to your dishes. They're also harder to chew even after being cooked.
You can make sweet dishes with roasted parsnips, or an alternative to mashed potatoes with mashed parsnips instead.
You can prepare parsnip recipes in the oven, on the stove, in the microwave, and some recipes don't require cooking the parsnips at all.
Parsnips can also be served with stews, chilis, chicken, and beef. They can be added to salads as well or used as the primary serving (such as with parsnip rice).
Once you've selected your parsnips, scrub them with a vegetable brush and wash them.
Do you have to peel parsnips?
It's better not to peel parsnips. It's preferable to use a vegetable brush to scrub the outer layer of the parsnip before you use it for your recipe.
Is parsnip a root vegetable?
Is a parsnip a vegetable? Yes, parsnip is a root vegetable that grows underground. It can take up to two years for a parsnip to complete its full growth cycle, which is why it is only available for half the year at farmer's markets.
This is also the reason it has a starchy, earthy taste typical to underground vegetables such as potatoes.
The bottom line
Hopefully, the essential details surrounding parsnips have encouraged you to try parsnips out for yourself.
With their versatility and unique flavor, you won't regret your decision—whether you use them in sweet dishes or include them in your main course!
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Fruit Tree Installation and Care
Yes, you can grow organic, heirloom fruit trees in your garden in the San Francisco Bay Area! Get started with this workshop for fruit tree beginners in which you learn the basics of organic fruit tree care for apples, pears and plums. As we dive into the world of organic fruit trees and organic fruit tree care, you will learn everything you need to know to care for your tree for the first year: how to plant your tree, irrigate properly, fertilize with organic fertilizer, manage pests organically and winter prune (summer pruning is covered in a separate class).
This workshop will cover both 'pome' fruits and 'stone' fruits (apples, pears and plums) and will discuss varieties of apples, pears and plums best suited for San Francisco. While this class is intended for beginners, our instructor Matthew Sutton founder of Orchard Keepers: Ecological Tree Care will be available to answer any and all advanced-topic questions. Space is limited, register online.
- Event Phone:
- Event e-mail:
- Event URL:
- Wheelchair Accessibility:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


xeyes(1)
NAME
 xeyes - a follow the mouse X demo
SYNOPSIS
 xeyes [-option ...]
DESCRIPTION
 Xeyes watches what you do and reports to the Boss.
OPTIONS
 -fg foreground color
 choose a different color for the pupil of the eyes.
 -bg background color
 choose a different color for the background.
 -outline outline color
 choose a different color for the outline of the eyes.
 -center center color
 choose a different color for the center of the eyes.
 -backing { WhenMapped Always NotUseful }
 selects an appropriate level of backing store.
 -geometry geometry
 define the initial window geometry; see X(7).
 -display display
 specify the display to use; see X(7).
 -bd border color
 choose a different color for the window border.
 -bw border width
 choose a different width for the window border.
 -shape uses the SHAPE extension to shape the window. This is the
 default.
 +shape disables use of the SHAPE extension to shape the window.
 -render uses Xrender to draw anti-aliased eyes. This is the default if
 xeyes has been compiled with Xrender support.
 +render disables Xrender and draws traditional eyes.
 -distance
 uses an alternative mapping, as if the eyes were set back from
 the screen, thus following the mouse more precisely.
SEE ALSO
 X(7), X Toolkit documentation
 See X(7) for a full statement of rights and permissions.
AUTHOR
 Keith Packard, MIT X Consortium
 Copied from the NeWS version written (apparently) by Jeremy Huxtable as
 seen at SIGGRAPH '88
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manpages/CPANPLUS::Dist::MM.3pm.html
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We can't live, work or learn in freedom unless the software we use is free.


text:
In this post I want to write about a discussion paper that I have been working on in collaboration with Lucho Osorio, facilitator of the Market Facilitation Initiative (MaFI), which is an initiative of the SEEP Network (more about MaFI, more about SEEP). The paper can be found here on Slideshare.
The paper tries to answer the question What do we need to do differently if we want to make development – and specifically economic development – more effective and inclusive? The basic assumption is that if we facilitate the market systems to change from within rather than through a number of direct and distorting interventions, we have better and more sustainable results. Therefore, the title of the paper reads:
The MaFI-festo: Boosting development effectiveness through facilitation of inclusive markets and private sector engagement.
The paper is based on an extensive online discussion in the LinkedIn group of MaFI as well as a number of face-to-face meetings. Although not explicit, the basic principles of complexity theory had a strong influence on the discussions and consequently on the contents of the paper.
The MaFI-festo will build the basis of a 2012 MaFI-initiative called 'the MaFI-festo dialogues'. The goal of the dialogues is to "build a process of trust, dialogue and collaboration between inclusive market facilitators and donors to improve or change the principles, rules and procedures of international aid (or international cooperation)."
The six section of the MaFI-festo discussion paper represent the basic fields of action within the the process.
1 Guiding principles. Collaboration, engagement and practicality are the basic aspects underpinning the design and implementation of the MaFI-festo. In the process we want to include donors, practitioners and other key stakeholders in a process that is guided by trust, dialogue and mutual understanding.
2 Changing the way we work. This section spells out the basic principles of how to improve ones work in project implementation, i.e., 'focus on root causes, not symptoms', 'focus on resilience and adaptability of the system', 'invest more in field-based, pre-design phase', and 'test and promote co-volutionary experimentation'.
3 Flexibility and accountability: the ultimate balancing act. Taking into account both the need for flexibility when working in complex systems and the need for accountability to the donors and further up parliaments and tax-payers, but also towards receiving countries.
4 Building capacity: speeding up the paradigm shift. This section promotes both the establishment of capacity building systems instead of individual training courses as well as the need for the recognition of capacity building as development strategy instead of 'overhead' costs.
5 Building up the evidence: what and how we measure. This section advocates for a monitoring system that focuses on structural and deeper, systemic change instead of single universal indicators such as increased income.
6 Activities. This section lines out a number of activities that can be started based on the MaFI-festo discussion paper.
For me, the MaFI-festo incorporates an important move towards a development system that is more conscious of the system it works in and tries to work with the system instead of against the system. It also communicates the realization that this represents a paradigm shift and will need a lot of common efforts of the many actors of the development system itself to be realized.
It is my interest to further contribute to this process in the hope that I can contribute to positive change that leads to an improved way of how we interact with the people in developing countries.


The shape optimization of the upper plenum of a pebble bed modular reactor (PBMR)-type gas-cooled nuclear reactor has been performed by using three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) analysis and a multiobjective optimization procedure. A multiobjective genetic algorithm is used for multiobjective optimization. Two objective functions related to the uniformity of the flow distribution at the core inlet and pressure drop through the upper plenum are employed. Three geometric design variables, namely, the ratio of the thickness of the slot to the diameter of the rising channels, the ratio of the height of the upper plenum to the diameter of the rising channels, and the ratio of the height of the slot at the inlet to that at the outlet, are used for the optimization. Latin hypercube sampling is used to determine the experimental points. The response surface approximation model is used to approximate the Pareto-optimal front with three-dimensional RANS analysis using the shear stress transport turbulence model. Seven optimal shapes have been obtained using k-means clustering. From an analysis of two typical optimal designs, it is found that both of the objective functions have been improved remarkably in comparison with the reference design.


Validate Field = Field1 from outbound message
How to build a Segment/Field rule validating that a message received field has the same value as a field from the previous sent message
In this example, we'll validate values for PID.3.1 in the received message is equal to PID.3.1 in the previous sent message.
 1. In the inbound HL7 task, select the Validation tab
 2. Select the Segment/Field Validation tab
 3. Add the rule: PID.3.1 is = _USER_("Scenario\Action\Send HL7 Message","PID.3.1″) where refers to the PID.3.1 value of the message defined in the previous task (Send HL7 Message)
You can download the rule file for use in Caristix Workgroup or Test software.
Download the rule file (Field = Field1 from outbound msg.cxf)
Learn more about how to import validation rules into an inbound HL7 task.


text:
The Effectiveness of Radio Direction Finding for EVA Navigation in Situations of Low Visibility
MDRS Crew 186 Journalist
Determining one's position is a fundamental problem encountered in engineering. On Earth it is possible to use the constellation of GPS satellites to accurately pinpoint your position relative to a location where you would like to go. This capability does not currently exist on Mars, nor will it be likely to exist when humans first set foot on the planet. The difficulty of localizing an astronaut's position relative to a location of interest is amplified in conditions of low visibility such as night or an unexpected dust storm. The resulting disorientation could greatly imperil any astronaut caught unprepared in such circumstances.
The purpose of this research was to explore how a disoriented astronaut might use radio signals to guide them to a target while on EVA. The core concept is to have the astronaut carry a radio antenna whose sensitivity is directional. Meanwhile, a navigation beacon at the target broadcasts a radio signal in all directions. If the astronaut is unable to locate their query by traditional means they can use the directional radio to determine the direction of the transmitting beacon, and therefore the direction they must walk to reach it.
Figure 1: Searching for the direction of maximum signal.
Prior to the mission I assembled a 3-element handheld Yagi antenna from schematics researched on the Internet. The particular design uses foldable elements made from steel tape measure and originated with Joe Leggio for use in amateur radio foxhunts [Leggio, 1993]. This design is lightweight and easy to stow due to the foldable elements. A coaxial cable with an SMA adapter allows the antenna to be plugged into virtually any portable ham radio.
The transmitter beacon is a commercial handheld ham radio with no special modifications. I created an audio file of a Morse signal toning the phrase, "This is the MDRS amateur navigation beacon crew 186", and broadcast this signal from the beacon by connecting an iPod playing the audio file to the radio with an aux cable. In each test of the navigation experiment the radio beacon was located at the habitat and the Morse signal was broadcast at regular intervals by having a crewmember simply hold down the transmit button. A crewmember on EVA would then attempt to use the Yagi antenna to locate the direction of maximum signal and thereby the bearing to the habitat. The beacon was transmitted on the low power setting of the beacon radio (approximately 2.5 Watts) at a frequency of 146.565 MHz.
The Yagi antenna was used to aid EVA navigation on a total of four EVA's, two of which were dedicated exclusively to testing its effectiveness. On the first two tests I followed a road on the outward trek and then attempted to follow the navigation signal along a straight line back to the habitat. This took me through unfamiliar terrain but did not adequately represent conditions of low visibility. On the later two tests I gave the antenna to a crewmember unfamiliar with amateur radio and covered the upper two thirds of their helmet with a cardboard visor. This restricted their vision to approximately 5 meters and prevented them from using landmarks to help them locate the habitat. Supporting members of the EVA then led the "lost astronaut" volunteer at least 2 kilometers from the habitat and monitored their safety as they attempted to return to the habitat using the radio alone.
Figure 2: Preparing the lost astronaut before EVA.
The first two tests of the navigation antenna were useful for understanding its performance. The accuracy of the antenna in locating the direction to the beacon generally improves with distance. This is because close to the beacon the signal is strong enough to saturate the receiver even along its insensitive axis. The beacon signal therefore appears to originate from all directions. At greater distances the beacon signal is weak and careful pointing of the antenna may be required to receive it at all. At a distance of 4 kilometers the accuracy of the antenna in determining the bearing to the habitat appeared to be better than 10 degrees. This was reduced to over 90 degrees when within a kilometer of the habitat and worse still when even nearer.
During the tests I found that the poor accuracy of the antenna near the transmitter could be mitigated in the following way. The antenna is least sensitive to incoming signal along a direction parallel to the receiving elements. By searching instead for the direction of minimum signal I could deduce that the beacon was located at a right angle to my current pointing direction. This provided acceptable accuracy at sub-kilometer distances.
On the tests with the cardboard visor limiting the astronaut's vision the difficulty of navigating by natural senses alone was professed by the arcing paths participants took prior to and in between broadcasts of the navigation beacon. In fact, on the final test the mock "lost astronaut" walked a complete circle with a radius less than 100 m in between two broadcasts of the beacon. To limit the drift of the astronaut's path it was necessary to decrease the intervals between the beacon transmissions to a nearly continuous broadcast. In both tests with the cardboard visor the astronaut was able successfully navigate to within 500 meters of the habitat despite limited knowledge of their initial position and orientation.
I also note that the surrounding terrain did not appear to have a significant detrimental affect of the performance of the antenna, but this has been difficult to quantify.
Figure 3: Scanning to find the bearing to the hab.
The navigation experiments of MDRS Crew 186 suggest that a handheld directional antenna is a simple and effective means of EVA navigation in low visibility conditions. However, the current set up has several limitations which are noted below.
The current means of searching for the direction of maximum signal provides only the direct bearing to the transmitter beacon. As was found in several of the tests, following a direct path to the beacon is not always possible due to intervening terrain. The user is then on their own to determine an appropriate detour and this may act to further their disorientation. Additional information may be required beyond that provided by a directional antenna in order to navigate successfully.
At distances close to the transmitter the technique of searching for a direction at right angles to the directions of minimum signal proved satisfactory in our experiments. However, because there are always two such directions the astronaut is at risk of following a path directly away from the beacon instead of towards it. This is possible when receiving along the sensitive axis of the antenna as well, but is less likely because the signal strength received by the back lobe of the antenna is generally much weaker compared to the front. Instead of searching for the direction of minimum signal, a better solution would be to attach an attenuator between the antenna and receiver so that the astronaut can reduce the received signal when close to the beacon.
Finally, the rapid drift of participants from their initial heading in between broadcasts of the beacon suggests that either the navigation beacon should be broadcast continuously or astronauts should have some way of preserving their orientation while walking. The later option is desirable because terrain, weather, or the need to handle equipment may temporarily prevent the signal from being received. On Earth an obvious solution is to mark the desired bearing on a compass and follow it accordingly, but this will not work on Mars due to the lack of a global magnetic field.
Figure 4: Finding the habitat using its radio beacon.
Leggios, J. (1993), Tape Measure Beam Optimized for Radio Direction Finding, _URL_
I would like to thank Geoffrey Andrews, Jennifer Pouplin, and Cesare Guariniello at Purdue University for their assistance fabricating and testing the Yagi antenna prior to the mission.


text:
Honor for and remembrance of Old Willow is perpetuated by the Mount Nittany Conservancy, sharing stories and memories of this beautiful tree and symbol of both Penn State's past and our hope for the future. As Penn State's first and most historic symbol, it forever holds a special place of significance in the life of this community, and particularly in understanding student life and traditions of Penn State's first century and more.
Old Willow, a Penn State Heritage Tree
Spencer McCullough, a Ben Novak Fellow, created this short film in 2017 on Penn State's Heritage Trees and Groves program, of which Old Willow is a part:
Professor I. Thornton Osmond's 1923 Letter
Old Willow, Monarch of the Campus
Ben Novak's "Old Willow, Monarch of the Campus", a mid-1990s remembrance of Old Willow as Penn State's first symbol and oldest student tradition, sparked a remembrance of Old Willow and the recognition of Old Willow's fourth generation near Old Main on Pattee Mall:
Katey and Ross Lehman's 1966 Remembrance
The following originally appeared in the Centre Daily Times, in Katey and Ross Lehman's "Open House" column.
Many persons pass by the "Old Willow" on the mall of the University campus without giving it a second glance… yet this tree is a signal of Penn State spirit to many alumni.
This was illustrated by Penn State's Class of 1921, which held its 45th reunion here last weekend and also paid tribute to the "Old Willow" at its banquet. The class distributed some literature about the history of the tree, and here's a good opportunity to acquaint you with some of the background.
The "Old Willow" was planted in 1858 or 1859, but there are various claims as to who planted it.
One story reports that Professor William G. Waring, the first superintendent of farm and grounds, was responsible. He "laid out the grounds, planted the first orchards, gave the first landscape touches of ornament and plan to the campus."
Another claim is that Lemuel Osman, a young man who worked for the Farm School in the building of the west wing of Old Main, planted it. According to this version, "Old Willow" was an offshoot of trees that grew at Centre Furnace, and Mr. Osman "brought a sprig that transversed the main road." Some witnesses vouched for its authenticity.
One more interesting story—and as plausible—is that the "Old Willow" was an off-shoot from one at the villa of the poet, Pope, at Twickenham. "It is affirmed that it was brought over by Dr. Evan Pugh, Penn State's first president, when he returned from a six-year sojourn on the Continent and in England." Dr. Pugh did bring materials for the Farmers' High School, and it seems natural that he should wish to transplant a "bit of England" on our pioneer campus… and Professor Waring, quite naturally, could have planted and nurtured the infant tree.
In support of this tradition, Professor I. Thornton Osmond, who retired and moved to Carlisle, wrote a letter to Dr. John Martin Thomas, president of the University in 1923. He wrote, in part: "When I went to State College in 1879, I was told that Dr. Evan Pugh brought a scion from a willow tree on the poet Pope's grounds at Twickenham, which became the beautiful young tree then about 20 years old. I am quite sure that Prof. C. Alfred Smith was one of those who told me this. He graduated in the first class, and was Dr. Pugh's assistant for a time."
The "Old Willow," by this time, had become a thing of beauty to all on campus. As the historian, Dr. Erwin W. Runkle, said, "Let tradition continue to weave kindly strains about the origin of 'Old Willow,' no one who saw it and loved it in its prime will ever forget its beauty and majesty."
On August 21, 1923, a storm hit the campus and "Old Willow" fell. Fortunately, in anticipation of such an event, a shoot from the tree had been planted beside "Old Willow"… and on Alumni Day, June 12, 1921, this new "Old Willow" had been dedicated.
"Old Willow" has been the recipient of boundless sentiment, campus rites, of many poems of praise, and of endless pictures. "The La Vies of 1916 on, contain splendid reproductions, both real and artistic—showing that even in its declining years, it wore the garb of beauty, and continued to hold a genuine place in the hearts of Penn State men as our oldest natural tradition."
It still does, as demonstrated by the Class of 1921 last weekend. And the new "Old Willow," now 54 years old, graces the mall where (according to the Penn State Alumni News in 1923) "today it bids fair to rival in beauty and affection its progenitor."
This is only a sparse recount of the "Old Willow"… but there's one final and new note [sic] at the Class of 1921 banquet, cuttings from the "Old Willow" were distributed to class members, and the tradition of the old tree may spring up in the backyards of alumni throughout the state and nation.
If Pope's words are forgotten, his slip of a willow will not be.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
ITS Tool allows you to translate your XML documents with PO files, using rules from theto determine what to translate and how to separate it into PO file messages.
PO files are the standard translation format for GNU and other Unix-like systems. They present translatable information as discrete messages, allowing each message to be translated independently. In contrast to whole-page translation, translating with a message-based format like PO means you can easily track changes to the source document down to the paragraph. When new strings are added or existing strings are modified, you only need to update the corresponding messages.
ITS Tool is designed to make XML documents translatable through PO files by applying standard ITS rules, as well as extension rules specific to ITS Tool. ITS also provides an industry standard way for authors to override translation information in their documents, such as whether a particular element should be translated.
Colophon: ITS Tool is free and open source software under the GPL 3. You can modify it and redistribute it all you want, provided all changes are under the GPL. The ITS files that ship with ITS Tool may be modified and redistributed without restriction. ITS Tool is developed primarily by Shaun McCance. Email Shaun at.


text:
KalimantanArticle Free Pass
Kalimantan, southern three-quarters of the island of Borneo that is politically part of Indonesia. Indonesians, however, use the word as a geographic term for the entire island. The origin of the name Kalimantan is obscure. In Sarawak the term Kelamantan refers to the sago-eating peoples of northern Borneo. Indonesian Kalimantan is divided into four propinsi-propinsi (provinces): Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Selatan, and Kalimantan Timur.
The history of Indonesian Borneo is closely linked to that of India, and there is considerable evidence of Indian cultural influences. Inscriptions in Sanskrit that date from the late 5th century have been found there, as well as an early Buddha figure. Numbers of other Buddhist and Hindu images that date from the 7th to the 11th century and that show Javanese influence have also been found in eastern Borneo. The Śrivijaya empire of Sumatra was, in fact, the predominant power in southern and western Borneo from the 7th century until the Majapahit empire of eastern Java conquered the area in the 14th century. With the arrival of Islām in the 16th century, a number of separate Muslim states were formed. In the first half of the 17th century, the Dutch extended their influence in Borneo by a series of trade and fortification agreements with individual states and also by intervening in internal disputes. British involvement in the affairs of the sultanate of Brunei and the British acquisition of territory eventually led the Dutch to adopt a more active policy of expansion. By 1863 they had established colonial rule, though sporadic resistance continued until 1905. The island was occupied by the Japanese during World War II. With news of Japanese surrender came a strong Indonesian independence movement, and, though the Dutch at first attempted to retain control, Kalimantan became a part of the Republic of Indonesia in 1949–50.
What made you want to look up "Kalimantan"? Please share what surprised you most...


lwIP 2.0.2
Lightweight IP stack
Core locking and MPU
Macros
#define LWIP_MPU_COMPATIBLE 0

#define LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING 1

#define LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING_INPUT 0

#define SYS_LIGHTWEIGHT_PROT 1

Detailed Description
Macro Definition Documentation
◆ LWIP_MPU_COMPATIBLE
#define LWIP_MPU_COMPATIBLE 0
LWIP_MPU_COMPATIBLE: enables special memory management mechanism which makes lwip able to work on MPU (Memory Protection Unit) system by not passing stack-pointers to other threads (this decreases performance as memory is allocated from pools instead of keeping it on the stack)
◆ LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING
#define LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING 1
LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING Creates a global mutex that is held during TCPIP thread operations. Can be locked by client code to perform lwIP operations without changing into TCPIP thread using callbacks. See LOCK_TCPIP_CORE() and UNLOCK_TCPIP_CORE(). Your system should provide mutexes supporting priority inversion to use this.
◆ LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING_INPUT
#define LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING_INPUT 0
LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING_INPUT: when LWIP_TCPIP_CORE_LOCKING is enabled, this lets tcpip_input() grab the mutex for input packets as well, instead of allocating a message and passing it to tcpip_thread.
ATTENTION: this does not work when tcpip_input() is called from interrupt context!
◆ SYS_LIGHTWEIGHT_PROT
#define SYS_LIGHTWEIGHT_PROT 1
SYS_LIGHTWEIGHT_PROT==1: enable inter-task protection (and task-vs-interrupt protection) for certain critical regions during buffer allocation, deallocation and memory allocation and deallocation. ATTENTION: This is required when using lwIP from more than one context! If you disable this, you must be sure what you are doing!


Individuals with Parkinson's disease may fall repeatedly and are at greater risk of injuries from falls. Being able to identify people with Parkinson's disease who are at risk of becoming repeat fallers before they actually are, will help to reduce falls and related injuries.
Measuring brain waves is an important way to assess brain function. It is thought that individuals with Parkinson's disease may have altered brain function that puts them at risk for falling repeatedly. Finding differences in brain wave patterns between Parkinson's disease fallers and non-fallers is expected to help us identify individuals with Parkinson's at risk of becoming repeat fallers.
Who is eligible
Participants will need to:
1) Have a confirmed diagnosis of Parkinson's
2) Be able to at a minimum stand and step-in-place for a few minutes
3) Be willing to wear a leg band with a stepping-in-place sensor on their leg and a head cap with conductive gel that measures their brain waves.
Participants will not be eligible if:
1) They have a neurologic condition other than idiopathic PD
2) Are wheelchair bound
3) Have dementia
4) Have symptomatic postural hypotension
5) Have a significant cardiovascular or musculoskeletal disorder limiting standing/stepping or balance.
What's required
We will first collect basic demographic, medical/fall history, and clinical information. You will also be required to complete a simple stepping-in-place task. This will include stepping-in-place combined with a mental task for dual-task assessment. You will also be asked to wear a leg band and sensor on your leg just above the knee to measure your steps, and a head cap connected to a light backpack that will measure your brain wave activity while performing the stepping-in-place tasks.
University of Calgary & Hotchkiss Brain Institute
Most Recent Projects


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Fire Safety for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing
Double Your Chances of Surviving a Home Fire
Smoke alarms save countless lives every year. Most people who die in home fires are not in the room where the fire starts. Working smoke alarms alert people to fire and give them time to escape in a situation where minutes can mean the difference between surviving and not surviving.
However, there are 28 million deaf and hard of hearing Americans who are unable to rely on this life-saving warning sound to alert them of fire and people who are deaf or hard of hearing face a high risk for fire and fire-related injury.
One of the most significant advances designed to address the fire safety needs of the deaf and hard of hearing community is the audible smoke alarm. These specialized alarms are available to Montgomery County residents. The Montgomery County Fire and Rescue Service and the United States Fire Administration (USFA) have teamed up to provide the following important information:
Why are Deaf and Hard of Hearing Persons at Risk?
- Decreased hearing may limit a person's ability to take quick action and escape during a fire emergency.
- Depending on physical limitations, many of the actions an individual can take to protect themselves from the dangers of fire may require help from caretaker, neighbor or outside source.
Install and Maintain Smoke Alarms
Deaf and hard of hearing persons cannot rely on the traditional audible smoke alarm, but can rely on visual alarms equipped with strobe lights.
- Please fill out the application provided or contact your local fire department for information about obtaining a flashing or vibrating smoke alarm.
- Install a flashing or vibrating smoke alarm on every level of your home. Test all smoke alarms monthly and change the batteries at least once a year. Your chances of surviving a home fire are far greater if you have the initial warning from a smoke alarm.
Don't Isolate Yourself
- Be sure to inform family members, the building manager, or a neighbor of your fire safety plan and practice it with them.
- The Montgomery County Fire and Rescue Service can assist you! We offer free home evaluations, assistance developing an escape plan and help with smoke alarm placement and installation.
Plan Your Escape
- Practice escape plans every month.
- Practice escaping from every room in the home. The best plans have two ways to get out of each room.
- Make sure that windows are not stuck, screens can be taken out quickly and that security bars can be properly opened.
In Case of Fire
- When a fire occurs, do not waste any time saving property.
- If you must escape through smoke, remember to crawl low, under the smoke and keep your mouth covered.
- Never open doors that are hot to the touch.
- Designate a meeting place outside the building and take attendance.
- Once out, stay out! Remember to escape first, then notify the fire department using the 9-1-1 system or proper local emergency number in your area.


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 (Redirected from Laticauda schistorhynchus)
Jump to: navigation, search
Sea Snake Niue.jpg
Laticauda schystorhyncha in Niue
Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Hydrophiidae
Genus: Laticauda
Species: L. schistorhynchus
Binomial name
Laticauda schistorhynchus
(Schneider, 1799)
The katuali or flat-tail sea snake (Laticauda schistorhynchus) is a sea snake, related to the sea krait, found only in the waters of the Pacific Island nation of Niue. It grows up to 1 metre in length, and is highly venomous, making it one of the most dangerous creatures on the planet. It has a fin-like tail, helping it to swim better.[2][3]


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Practicing darts while lucid dreaming can improve your game... but only if you're focused.
Seriously, Science?By Seriously ScienceJanuary 30, 2017 5:00 PM
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Image: Flickr/Shannon KringenLike most sports, the more darts you throw, the better you get at hitting the target. But do you *have* to be physically throwing the dart, or is just mentally throwing the dart sufficient? As confusing as that question might be, it's what these scientists studied by having participants throw darts while lucid dreaming, and testing whether these "practice sessions" made them better at darts in real life. And it worked! But (obviously) only if the dreamers weren't distracted while "practicing". Finally, a cheap way to practice for my next speed eating contest!Improvement of darts performance following lucid dream practice depends on the number of distractions while rehearsing within the dream - a sleep laboratory pilot study. "In a lucid dream, the dreamer is aware of the dream state and can deliberately practice motor skills. Two field studies indicated that lucid dream practice can improve waking performance in simple motor tasks. The present pilot study investigated the effect of lucid dream practice in a controlled sleep laboratory setting, using a pre-post design with dart throwing in the evening and morning. The experimental group practiced darts in lucid dreams. Because some participants were distracted during lucid dream practice, the group was divided into lucid dreamers with few (n = 4) and many distractions (n = 5). Change of performance was compared to a physical practice group (n = 9) and a control group (n = 9), showing a significant interaction (P =.013, η2 =.368). Only the lucid dreamers with few distractions improved (18%) significantly over time (P =.005, d = 3.84). Even though these results have to be considered preliminary, the present study indicates that lucid dream practice can be an effective tool in sports practice if lucid dreamers find ways to minimise distractions during lucid dream practice. Moreover, the study emphasises the necessity to investigate lucid dream practice experiences on a qualitative level." Related content: What do Republicans dream about? (Hint: it's not sex.)Are people who dream about murder more likely to kill someone in real life?Want to control your dreams? Shock your brain to induce lucid dreaming!
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text:
Wearables That Work:
Getting It Right The FIrst Time
Overcome reliability issues with tailored design and testing
Wearable electronics are extremely popular, but their marginal performance is causing consumers to question device functionality and reliability.
Wearables That Work: Getting it Right the First Time discusses the design obstacles presented by the unique wearable use environment, and how to overcome them with:
- Material and component selection
- Protection options
- Tailored test plan development and implementation


text:
What is wraparound?
Wraparound is an approach with demonstrated effectiveness for children and youth with complex behavioral health challenges. It is a planning and support process where a team develops and implements an individualized plan of care. A team is chosen by the family and includes individuals who are relevant to the well-being of the child or youth, such as family members, service providers, teachers, a FAST Forward coordinator, and representatives from school, church, or community agencies, such as mental health providers.
For more information, click on the attachment listed below.


text:
Slam Shut Devices
Slam Shut Regulators are safety devices that are designed to shut off the gas flow when pressure exceeds or falls below predefined levels. These devices ensure that when extreme pressure conditions occur in the gas system that flow will be stopped instantly.
Overpressure and underpressure closure devices protect downstream operations and equipment should the outlet pressure of the main regulator exceed the set point. It also assures that when gas pressure drops below the set point for maintaining pilot light or critical flow, gas flow is shut down. BelGAS slam shut regulators require a manual reset, ensuring the regulator will not be in operation again until it is safe to do so.
They are ideal for gas applications that require overpressure shutoff, underpressure shutoff, tight accuracy, and quick response speed. BelGAS' versions also offer high shock and vibration resistance. Depending on the unit, some of our devices can be used as standalone units or they can be used in conjunction with other regulators. BelGAS offers products suitable for overpressure protection/underpressure protection in several applications including: residential, light commercial, industrial, farm tap, etc.
How does a slam shut valve work? When unexpected pressure conditions occur in the gas system, these devices immediately stop the gas flow. This allows for peace of mind in knowing that BelGAS offers such protection in case of an overpressure or underpressure event. They are the best choice for implementing an additional level of safety in the gas system.


pieldegallina-piel-gallina-hombre
What is it and why do I have goosebumps?
Yesterday I went to see a movie at the cinema, and I spent the whole time with my hair on end! And, to be honest, I have to admit that this is not the first time this has happened to me... (Especially on cold days or in specific situations). But why do I have goosebumps?
What is goosebumps?
Even if you think that you get goosebumps for no reason , the truth is that it is a physiological matter ; that is, an involuntary reaction that all mammals with hair generally have . During this situation, the erector villus muscles (which are inside the hair follicles ) contract in our body .
This reaction occurs in connection with the sympathetic nervous system ; that is, the person in charge of the heart rate , the secretion of some glands and the size of the pupils , for example. In this way, our epidermis undergoes a change in its appearance, since the hair pores expand , causing the hair to stand on end .
In addition, getting goosebumps can also be a response to the release of adrenaline . Did you really think it was a coincidence that your hair stood on end in situations of cold , stress or fear ? Absolutely not! This type of stimuli causes an increase in heart rate and blood pressure (in addition to the fact that the mental capacity to respond becomes much more agile ). On the other hand, we can also notice tremors or sweating in our hands... Am I the only one this usually happens to?
Where do goosebumps usually appear?
The most frequent places where humans suffer this involuntary reaction are the forearms , neck , neck , legs and face . Also, as a curiosity ( in case you are interested) I have to tell you that goosebumps do not usually occur on the hairy surface of the genitals , hands or feet .
What is goosebumps used for?
According to experts, piloerection (as it is scientifically known) has a double function that comes from our ancestors:
 - Protect us from the cold: contracting the erector villus muscles creates a layer of air around our body that helps maintain body temperature . However, in the case of humans it is not fully effective , since we do not have enough body hair to protect us from low temperatures considerably.
 - Respond to intense emotions: the body is wise, so in dangerous situations or that cause us fear, it is on alert (just in case). In the past , the hair standing on end was a response from the body to " intimidate " the opponent (the factor that causes us these strong emotions). However, and although cats continue to carry out this reaction to intimidate today , it is currently not an effective defense method in the case of humans... What's more, currently goosebumps spread associate more with fear , don't you think?

So, from now on, when you experience this involuntary body reaction , don't panic, because it's completely normal! In any case, if you don't want it to develop, try to avoid situations that cause fear , danger or cold stimuli ...
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text: Polysilicon field emitters were micromachined on current limiting polysilicon resistors. Field emission data of the diode structures revealed a significant difference between phosphorous doped and intrinsic polysilicon tips, or surface emitters. Phosphorus doped polysilicon tip and surface emitters emit at similar fields, regardless of the degree of their sharpness. Similarly, intrinsic polysilicon tip and surface emitters emit at similar applied fields, regardless of the degree of their sharpness. This behavior is attributed to the surface morphology of the polysilicon after oxidation and plasma etch. Materials analysis suggest the formation of sharp ridges, possibly along the grain boundaries, on the emission surfaces that contributes to similar magnitude of field enhancement from the nano-scale structures on both the surface and sharp tip emitters.


Isotropic radiator
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Animated diagram of waves from an isotropic radiator (red dot). As they travel away from the source, the waves decrease in amplitude by the inverse of distance and in power by the inverse square of distance , shown by the declining contrast of the wavefronts. This diagram only shows the waves in one plane through the source; an isotropic source actually radiates in all three dimensions.
Even, circular waves radiating from a bell in all directions, reaching an ear.
A depiction of an isotropic radiator of sound, published in Popular Science Monthly in 1878. Note how the rings are even and of the same width all the way around each circle, though they fade as they move away from the source.
An isotropic radiator is a theoretical point source of electromagnetic or sound waves which radiates the same intensity of radiation in all directions. It has no preferred direction of radiation. It radiates uniformly in all directions over a sphere centred on the source. Isotropic radiators are used as reference radiators with which other sources are compared, for example in determining the gain of antennas. A coherent isotropic radiator of electromagnetic waves is theoretically impossible, but incoherent radiators can be built. An isotropic sound radiator is possible because sound is a longitudinal wave.
Whether a radiator is isotropic is independent of whether it obeys Lambert's law. As radiators, a spherical black body is both, a flat black body is Lambertian but not isotropic, a flat chrome sheet is neither, and by symmetry the Sun is isotropic, but not Lambertian on account of limb darkening.
The term isotropic radiation refers to radiation which has the same intensity in all directions, thus an isotropic radiator does not radiate isotropic radiation.
Physics[edit]
In physics, an isotropic radiator is a point radiation or sound source. At a distance, the sun is an isotropic radiator of electromagnetic radiation.
Antenna theory[edit]
In antenna theory, an isotropic antenna is a hypothetical antenna radiating the same intensity of radio waves in all directions. It thus is said to have a directivity of 0 dBi (dB relative to isotropic) in all directions.
In reality, a coherent isotropic radiator of linear polarization can be shown to be impossible. Its radiation field could not be consistent with the Helmholtz wave equation (derived from Maxwell's equations) in all directions simultaneously. Consider a large sphere surrounding the hypothetical point source, so that at that radius the wave over a reasonable area is essentially planar. The electric (and magnetic) field of a plane wave in free space is always perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave. So the electric field would have to be tangent to the surface of the sphere everywhere, and continuous along that surface. However the hairy ball theorem shows that a continuous vector field tangent to the surface of a sphere must fall to zero at one or more points on the sphere, which is inconsistent with the assumption of an isotropic radiator with linear polarization.
Incoherent isotropic radiators are possible and do not violate Maxwell's equations.[citation needed] Acoustic isotropic radiators are possible because sound waves in a gas or liquid are longitudinal waves and not transverse waves.
Even though an isotropic antenna cannot exist in practice, it is used as a base of comparison to calculate the directivity of actual antennas. Antenna gain , which is equal to the antenna's directivity multiplied by the antenna efficiency, is defined as the ratio of the intensity (power per unit area) of the radio power received at a given distance from the antenna (in the direction of maximum radiation) to the intensity received from a perfect lossless isotropic antenna at the same distance. This is called isotropic gain
Gain is often expressed in logarithmic units called decibels (dB). When gain is calculated with respect to an isotropic antenna, these are called decibels isotropic (dBi)
The gain of any perfectly efficient antenna averaged over all directions is unity, or 0 dBi.
Isotropic receiver[edit]
In EMF measurements applications, an isotropic receiver (also called isotropic antenna) is a calibrated radio receiver with an antenna which approximates an isotropic reception pattern; that is, it has close to equal sensitivity to radio waves from any direction. It is used as a field measurement instrument to measure electromagnetic sources and calibrate antennas. The isotropic receiving antenna is usually approximated by three orthogonal antennas or sensing devices with a radiation pattern of the omnidirectional type , such as short dipoles or small loop antennas.
The parameter used to define accuracy in the measurements is called isotropic deviation.
Derivation of isotropic antenna aperture[edit]
Imagine two cavities in thermal equilibrium. A lossless antenna in one cavity is connected to a matched impedance inside the second cavity. Using the Rayleigh-Jeans approximation
the power received by the antenna over a narrow frequency band is
Since the cavities are in thermal equilibrium, this equals the Nyquist spectral power of the resistor
in that same frequency band, thus
Being isotropic, Ae is constant in every direction, thus
[1]
Optics[edit]
In optics, an isotropic radiator is a point source of light. The sun approximates an isotropic radiator of light. Certain munitions such as flares and chaff have isotropic radiator properties.
Sound[edit]
An isotropic radiator is a theoretical perfect speaker exhibiting equal sound volume in all directions.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
 1. ^ Antenna Fundamentals. _URL_ Accessed April 2, 2016.
External links[edit]


text:
Dr Simon Alexander is an Atmospheric Scientist with an interest in Southern Ocean and Antarctic clouds, Polar ozone processes and Atmospheric gravity waves.
Southern Ocean and Antarctic clouds – Dr Alexander will soon be involved in the deployment of a suite of instruments to Macquarie Island and Davis to characterise clouds and surface radiation from hourly to seasonal timescales. Weather and climate models are challenged by uncertainties and biases in the simulation of Southern Ocean clouds due to poor physical understanding of cloud processes, phases and feedbacks. These uncertainties result in year-round warm sea surface temperature biases which are mainly due to too little modelled cloud.
Polar ozone processes – Dr Alexander was a Co-author of the World Meteorological Organisation Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014.
Atmospheric gravity waves – Dr Alexander aims to help determine the sources and characteristics of small-scale atmospheric gravity waves in the high southern latitudes to provide constraints for improving their representation in forecasting and climate models.
Characterisation of Southern Ocean and Antarctic clouds and associated model evaluation studies will lead to improved weather forecasting and climate projections and should decrease the current Southern Ocean sea surface temperature biases found in models.


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A trip to Strofylia will have you in the midst of a magnificent forest of 100 to 200 year old pine trees.
How about a reeeeallly old forest? Yes, a petrified Forest in Greece. This is one of the UNESCO Global Geoparks since 2004. There is no larger other than the Petrified Forest National Park in Arizona, USA. So here you can spend your time looking at the 20 million year old fossilized remains of tree trunks. You'll find these in the western villages of Eressos and Antissa in western Lesbos. Actually, the entire island of Lesbos has been incorporated as a Geopark since 2012.
How about experiencing the most important wetlands of Europe? Find the richest fish producing waters in Greece between the Acheloos and Evinos rivers. Here you will be able to see the second largest lagoon in the Mediterranean.
Visit the bird's paradise of Vistonida. Two hundred and sixty species of birds ave been observed there so it is a wondrous place for photographers and bird watchers.
And of course for you mountaineer types there is My Olympus not only the mythical home of the 12 Greek Gods, but it was the very first area to be named a National Park . Now it is a UNESCO 'Biosphere Reserve". It's also one of the most magnificent bird areas.
Can you imagine 13 underground lakes situated on many levels over a total area of 1,980 meters? Well, think exploring the Lake Cave in Kalavrita-Peloponneses which is definitely one of the world's most unique natural wonders. You'll see stalactites, stalagmites and ornate walls..


text:
Introduction to Redis
Redis is a key-value database that has very nice features which every computer scientist love it.
Why I love Redis?
- Redis give the data structure like all computer scientist learn in the school such as Set, sorted set, List, and Hash. So you don't need to think in SQL anymore.
- Redis is very fast it can gives you the performance about 50,000 to 100,000 operation per second in basic basic computers (2GHz CPU with 2GB RAM).
- you can install Redis in 2 minutes. (Linux and Windows)
- It's written in ANSI-C so you can easily pick the source code (Yes, it's open source!) and modify the code if you want.
- There are native clients for almost every language (include Python, Ruby and PHP) and Yes, you don't need Thrift.
- You can setup master-slave replication of Redis in 2 minutes.
- Redis has great community lead by Salvatore Sanfilippo. (also check Redis Google group)
- Redis is great for large scale web programming without need of MySQL. (Check Retwis )
- Redis is very easy to learn.
Where should I start the basic?
- First download the source code from Github or Google code.
- Second compile the source code (basically just type./make)
- Download and install your language client if you prefer to work with Redis from your language here is list all language.
- Run Redis server — $./redis-server — (Redis use port # 6379 by default)
- Run Redis client – $./redis-cli – and enter follow commands to see "Hello World!"
1- > set foo bar
2- > get foo
3- > lpush myList world!
4- > lpush myList Hello
5- > lpop myList
6- > lpop myList
In line 1, we set the key name "foo" to the value "bar"
In line 2, we get the value for the key name "foo" so the return value is "bar"
In line 3, we (left) push the value "world!" to the list "myList"
In line 4, we (left) push the value "Hello" to the list "myList"
In line 5, we (left) pop the value from "myList" and the return value is "Hello"
In line 6, we (left) pop the value from "myList" and the return value is "world!"
Now, you get the idea how Redis works, so lets do one real project in Python and Redis.
Can I see Redis in real project?
Yes, In this project I want to design a program that get the RSS from source, then parse the RSS and send the title of each news to Twitter.
What you need to do before start to code?
2- Twitter python library (included in package)
Next: Enter the following code in your favorite text editor and save the file.
import redis,twitter import yahoo.yql def getandset(): ''' Get the weather condition for WOID=_PHONE_ and save in the database''' q = yahoo.yql.YQLQuery().execute('select * from rss where url="_URL_ temp = q["query"]["results"]["item"]["condition"]["temp"] text = q["query"]["results"]["item"]["condition"]["text"] date = q["query"]["results"]["item"]["condition"]["date"] _TAG_ high = q["query"]["results"]["item"]["forecast"]['high'] low = q["query"]["results"]["item"]["forecast"]['low'] r = redis.Redis('localhost') r.set('weather:current:temp', temp) r.set('weather:current:cond', text.lower()) r.set('weather:tomorrow:high', high) r.set('weather:tomorrow:low', low) def post(): API = twitter.Api(username = "YOUR TWITTER USERNAME", password = 'YOUR TWITTER PASSWORD') r = redis.Redis('localhost') temp = r.get('weather:current:temp') cond = r.get('weather:current:cond') tom_high = r.get('weather:tomorrow:high') tom_low = r.get('weather:tomorrow:low') if (temp or cond or tom_high or tom_low): tweet = 'Currently %s F and %s at %s. Tomorrow: high %s F, low: %s F' name = 'West Lafayette' tweet = tweet % (temp, cond, name, tom_high, tom_low) print tweet print "Posting...." API.PostUpdate(tweet) print "Done!" if __name__ == '__main__': getandset() post()


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Impacts of water resource planning on regional water consumption pattern: A case study in Dunhuang Oasis, China
Water resourcesare critical for the existence and development of oases in endorheic basins. Thus, to enable sustainable development, it is fundamentally important to understand how to allocate and use these resourcesin a reasonable way. We therefore simulated and analyzed changes in water consumption pattern within the Dunhuang Oasis of China under three scenarios using a system dynamic model that corresponds to different water consumption pattern. This was done to assess the impacts of regional water resource planning (comprehensive planning of the rational use of water resource and protection of ecosystem services in the Dunhuang Basin) on water consumption patternwithin the Dunhuang Oasis. The first of these, Scenario 1, is a baseline in which the status quo is maintained, while Scenario 2 incorporates the comprehensive effects of agricultural water-saving irrigation measures with an inter-basin water diversion project, and Scenario 3 focuses on ecological rehabilitation. In the baseline Scenario 1, the total water consumption within the Dunhuang Oasis increased progressively while agricultural water consumption remained extremely high and threatened overall ecological security. In contrast, Scenario 2 would decrease agricultural water consumptionby almost 5.30×107m3 following the implementation of water-saving practices. The additional water allocated from aninter-basin water diversion project would play an important role in alleviating ecological strain on the oasis. Finally, in Scenario 3, the total irrigated land must be decreased to 20.6×103 hm2 by 2025assuming that water supply for ecosystem restoration would be at least 50% of the total consumption.Although water resource planning plays a very important role in alleviating theecological water crisis within the oasis, it is necessary to consider the suitable scale of oasiswith regard to current water consumption pattern.
water resources planning; water consumption pattern; system dynamics model; ecological rehabilitation; Dunhuang Oasis
ZHANG, Xifeng; JIN, Xin; BAI, Xiao; JIANG, Yanbin; and HE, Chansheng
"Impacts of water resource planning on regional water consumption pattern: A case study in Dunhuang Oasis, China,"
Journal of Arid Land: Vol. 11
, Article 7.
Available at: _URL_


Why Cleveland Guardians? Roots of baseball team's new name found in bridge by ballpark
Craig Webb
Akron Beacon Journal
One of the Guardians on the Hope Memorial Bridge leading to Progressive Field in Cleveland.
Forget the Marvel Universe crew of misfit space travelers.
The Guardians of Cleveland who are now the face of the Cleveland baseball club are deeply rooted in the city's history.
It's a mere coincidence that these Guardians keep a watchful eye over the team who now claims them as a mascot as they stand guard atop the nearby Hope Memorial Bridge.
Stone carvers pose on a pylon of the Lorain-Carnegie Bridge, later renamed the Hope Memorial Bridge, circa 1931.
Cleveland baseball:Guardians will be Cleveland's new baseball team name
Social reactions:The Cleveland Guardians are here, but not every fan online loves it
When the bridge was completed in 1932, the ball club wasn't playing at the corner Carnegie and Ontario. Back then, the team's home was old League Park, well east of the Cuyahoga River.
Originally named the Lorain-Carnegie Bridge, the talk of constructing a second span over the river began around the turn of the century.
It stretches nearly a mile long and was designed to carry both cars and street cars at the time, although a lower level for vehicles was never completed.
The father of the bridge's later namesake — the late comedian Bob Hope, who grew up in Cleveland — was a stone mason and helped build the span to connect the city's East and West sides.
But — like the ball club — this is no ordinary, boring bridge.
The engineering firm of Wilbur J. Watson & Associates, along with consulting architect Frank Walker, strayed from the norm of the time by curving the lower edges of the trusses and adding the famed Guardians, giving it a Modernist architectural vibe.
The design included four massive stone pylons with eight Art Deco-style stone figures dubbed the Guardians of Traffic that separated it from other spans of the era.
One of the Guardians on the Hope Memorial Bridge leading to Progressive Field.
The mammoth stone-faced statues sculpted by Henry Hering, whose signature work can also be found at Cleveland's famed Severance Hall, each hold a different vehicle.
There's a hay wagon, a covered wagon, a stage coach, a passenger car, a dump truck, a concrete mixer and a pair of two other trucks.
The intent of the architect was to celebrate the progression of transportation from the simple hay wagon to the then modern automobile and truck.
John Grabowski, chief historian for the Western Reserve Historical Society and a history professor at Case Western Reserve University, said researchers recently looked into the mystery trucks on two of the pillars and found that one is an exact replica of a 1930s-era electric truck.
The bridge's Guardians have been a popular symbol for the city and artists alike over the years and now the ball club as one of the statue's standing guard over the bridge's east end is just a very long Daniel Johnson Jr. throw away from right field.
Grabowski, who also is an editor of "The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History/Dictionary of Cleveland Biography," said the bridge was really a "grand structure" when it opened and celebrated Cleveland's position as one of the nation's largest cities at the time and its role as a commerce and transportation hub.
It came after the completion of the Union Terminal and the city's iconic theater district on the eve of the Great Depression.
"It has truly become iconic," he said. "The statues have become as close to a symbol of the city Cleveland as anything next to the Terminal Tower."
More on the Cleveland Guardians name change
Craig Webb, who was partial to the Cleveland Spiders (Webb, get it?), can be reached at _EMAIL_.


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Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions (kg per day)
Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
1998 study by Hemamala Hettige, Muthukumara Mani, and David Wheeler, "Industrial Pollution in Economic Development: Kuznets Revisited" (available at _URL_ The data were updated by the World Bank's Development Research Group using the same methodology as the initial study.


Commenced in January 2007
Frequency: Monthly
Edition: International
Paper Count: 1
cultural historical activity theory Related Abstracts
1 Pedagogical Variation with Computers in Mathematics Classrooms: A Cultural Historical Activity Theory Analysis
Authors: Joanne Hardman
South Africa's crisis in mathematics attainment is well documented. To meet the need to develop students' mathematical performance in schools the government has launched various initiatives using computers to impact on mathematical attainment. While it is clear that computers can change pedagogical practices, there is a dearth of qualitative studies indicating exactly how pedagogy is transformed with Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) in a teaching activity. Consequently, this paper addresses the following question: how, along which dimensions in an activity, does pedagogy alter with the use of computer drill and practice software in four disadvantaged grade 6 mathematics classrooms in the Western Cape province of South Africa? The paper draws on Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) to develop a view of pedagogy as socially situated. Four ideal pedagogical types are identified: Reinforcement pedagogy, which has the reinforcement of specialised knowledge as its object; Collaborative pedagogy, which has the development of metacognitive engagement with specialised knowledge as its object; Directive pedagogy, which has the development of technical task skills as its object, and finally, Defensive pedagogy, which has student regulation as its object. Face-to-face lessons were characterised as predominantly Reinforcement and Collaborative pedagogy and most computer lessons were characterised as mainly either Defensive or Directive.
Keywords: computers, Mathematics, pedagogy, cultural historical activity theory
Procedia PDF Downloads 132


ASCL.net
Astrophysics Source Code Library
Making codes discoverable since 1999
ASCL Code Record
[ascl:1304.021] PyNeb: Analysis of emission lines
PyNeb (previously PyNebular) is an update and expansion of the IRAF package NEBULAR; rewritten in Python, it is designed to be more user-friendly and powerful, increasing the speed, easiness of use, and graphic visualization of emission lines analysis. In PyNeb, the atom is represented as an n-level atom. For given density and temperature, PyNeb solves the equilibrium equations and determines the level populations. PyNeb can compute physical conditions from suitable diagnostic line ratios and level populations, critical densities and line emissivities, and can compute and display emissivity grids as a function of Te and Ne. It can also deredden line intensities, read and manage observational data, and plot and compare atomic data from different publications, and compute ionic abundances from line intensities and physical conditions and elemental abundances from ionic abundances and icfs.
Code site:
_URL_
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Described in:
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Bibcode:
2013ascl.soft04021L
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text:
The Nano-Observer's design will enable the instrument to be adapted for future developments, and additional modules can be created for more advanced analysis on the same sample.
There are three environments AFM modes : EZ TEMP, Environmental control and EZ Liquids AFM
The temperature control (EZ Temps from CSI) provides precise temperature and imaging during temperature modifications. It is suitable with standard AFM modes. A heating sample stage is offered to analyze phase changes on materials, polymers, or biological samples.
- Ambiant to 200°C
- Compatible with : Oscillating/contact modes, Environmental control, Liquids
- Applications : Polymers, Biology, Materials…
EZ Liquids AFM - A liquid cell and tip holder are available for imaging in solution or force spectroscopy.
- Oscillating and contact mode
- Applications: Material science and biology
Environmental control - The Nano-Observer is built to provide environmental control (humidity, gases, etc.) to enhance user's electrical measurements or shield the sample from oxidation.
- Stable measurement for electrical characterization
- Prevents contamination
- ResiScope, KFM, CAFM
- Applications: Electrical measurement
Environmental Control AFM Microscope Nano Observer CSInstruments


text:
Registering for Newsela allows you to create classes, assign articles, and track your students' progress.
- Go to _URL_.
- Click SIGN UP.
- Choose I'm an Educator.
- Click No you aren't a faculty member at a K-12 school.
- Choose one of the following options for creating your Newsela account:
Option 1: Sign up with Newsela.
a. Enter your first and last name, email address, and a password.
b. Click Get Started.
Option 2: Sign up with Google.
a. Click Sign up with Google.
b. Log in to your Google account if you aren't already logged in.
c. Click Allow on the Google authentication page.
- Choose Homeschool Teacher under What's your role?.
- Choose a country under Where are you from?.
- Enter your zip code.
- Click Finish.
- Verify your email address to begin using Newsela. To change your email address or if you need another verification email, use the links on the verification page.


text:
- 1 How long does Parmesan last in fridge?
- 2 How long does grated Parmesan cheese last after expiration?
- 3 How do you know if Parmigiano Reggiano is bad?
- 4 How do you store Parmesan cheese after opening?
- 5 Does Parmesan go bad in the fridge?
- 6 Is mold on parmesan cheese harmful?
- 7 What does bad Parmesan cheese smell like?
- 8 How long does grated cheese last in the fridge?
- 9 Why is Parmigiano Reggiano so expensive?
- 10 What happens if you don't Refrigerate grated Parmesan cheese?
- 11 What does mold look like on Parmesan cheese?
- 12 Can you store Parmesan cheese at room temperature?
- 13 Can I store Parmesan cheese in the freezer?
- 14 How long does a wedge of Parmesan cheese last?
How long does Parmesan last in fridge?
Hard Cheeses Some of our favorite cheeses in this category include Parmesan, Asiago, Romano and cheddar. When stored properly in the fridge, an unopened package can last between two and four months. An opened package of Parmesan or block of cheddar, however, is good for about six weeks in the fridge.
How long does grated Parmesan cheese last after expiration?
An open package usually retains the best quality for up to two months when stored in the fridge. Grated Parmesan degrades faster, but it will be edible at least a week after the expiry date printed on the label. However, you should consume open refrigerated shredded or grated cheese within seven days.
How do you know if Parmigiano Reggiano is bad?
Parmigiano – Reggiano cheese that is going bad typically will develop a very hard texture, will darken in color, will develop a strong smell and mold may appear; see instructions above for how to handle mold on a chunk of Parmigiano – Reggiano cheese.
How do you store Parmesan cheese after opening?
To keep Parmesan fresh, proper storage is necessary: It should be wrapped tightly in plastic wrap and kept in the refrigerator. Cheese that has been exposed to air may start to turn white, or the rind may start to thicken.
Does Parmesan go bad in the fridge?
Unopened, the parmesan should last about 7 to 9 months. When it comes to shredded or grated parmesan that's sold refrigerated, it should have a "use-by" date too. Since the product is shredded, its quality degrades faster. Thus it should keep for about a week past that date, and that's it.
Is mold on parmesan cheese harmful?
Advertisement. Mold generally can't penetrate far into hard and semisoft cheeses, such as cheddar, colby, Parmesan and Swiss. So you can cut away the moldy part and eat the rest of the cheese. These molds are safe for healthy adults to eat.
What does bad Parmesan cheese smell like?
That distinctive pukey smell you allude to is the whiff of butyric acid, a short-chain fatty acid naturally ocurring in plant and animal fats. It's found in vomit, and it's found in parmesan cheese (it's found elsewhere, too, but let's not digress).
How long does grated cheese last in the fridge?
Properly stored, an opened package of shredded cheddar cheese will last for about 5 to 7 days in the refrigerator. Once the package is opened, consume or freeze the shredded cheddar cheese within the time shown for refrigeration, even if the "Best By," "Best if Used By," or "Use By" date has not yet been reached.
Why is Parmigiano Reggiano so expensive?
It all comes back to specific bacteria. These good bacteria only grow in this area of the world, making it physically impossible to create this cheese in its true form anywhere else. There are only 329 dairies in the world that can make this cheese, which helps add to the price.
What happens if you don't Refrigerate grated Parmesan cheese?
Wait a moment and try again. Does grated Parmesan cheese go bad if you don't refrigerate it after opening? Yes, grated Parmesan cheese, whether grated yourself or the pre- grated, store bought products, will degrade more quickly in several ways if left at room temperature rather than stored in the fridge.
What does mold look like on Parmesan cheese?
Small specks of surface mold may develop (blue or green typically), but they're harmless—easily scraped off with no ill effect to the cheese underneath. You may notice, especially in Swiss and Parm types aged over one year, white specks or crystallized patches.
Can you store Parmesan cheese at room temperature?
Can Parmesan Parmigiano Reggiano be stored outside the refrigerator? For a few days yes, you can keep it even at room temperature, but keep in mind that the fridge is always the best choice.
Can I store Parmesan cheese in the freezer?
3 Answers. Yes, you can freeze parmesan cheese. Even without freezing, Parmesan is very durable since the low water and high salt content prevents mould from growing.
How long does a wedge of Parmesan cheese last?
a wedge of Parmesan cheese is generally aged 9-12 months by the time you bought it. If you keep the cheese dry and tightly wrapped it will last easily for another 6 months or more in your fridge. If air or moisture gets to the cheese it will mold pretty quickly.


The lab does research in a variety of settings
In the greenhouse
greenhouse grassesWe run some experiments in the greenhouse because it is easy to control conditions of an experiment in there. We can be sure each plant gets exactly the amount of water and nutrients we want it to, and we know all the plants live in nearly the same temperature and sunlight, and we can keep out most bugs and animals that might interfere with our results.
In the field
field plots We run some experiments in the field because the conditions in the field are more like what the plants would experience in real life. In the field it is more difficult to control some variables, sometimes it takes a lot of hard work, like putting a barrier in the ground to keep pests out.
In the lab
Angela infecting plants
In the lab we make experimental observations. We measure mass of the leaves and roots, measure the concentration of nutrients in the plants, and we run tests that detect the presence of the virus by detecting its RNA or proteins.
magnified aphid We also do a lot of work to keep our aphids healthy, keep our stock of infected plants healthy and to take care of all the equipment we need to do our research.


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What does EXEC mean in Housing?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand EXEC in the Community field in general and in the Housing terminology in particular.
Find a translation for EXEC in other languages:
Select another language:
What does EXEC mean?
- White House, EXEC(noun)
- the chief executive department of the United States government


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Table Of Contents
Noise Generator (Periodic Random) (G Dataflow)
Last Modified: January 12, 2018
Generates a waveform containing periodic random noise (PRN).
You can use periodic random noise to compute the frequency response of a linear system in one time record instead of averaging the frequency response over several time records, as you must for nonperiodic random noise sources.
connector_pane_image
datatype_icon
reset
A Boolean that controls the reseeding of the noise sample generator after the first call of the node.
True Accepts a new seed and begins producing noise samples based on seed.
False Maintains the initial internal seed state and resumes producing noise samples as a continuation of the previous noise sequence.
Default: False
datatype_icon
spectral amplitude
Magnitude of the frequency domain components of the output signal.
Default: 1
datatype_icon
seed
Number that this node uses to initialize the noise generator.
This node initializes the noise generator using seed if reset is True or if this is the first call of the node.
seed is greater than 0 Generates noise samples based on the seed value.
seed is less than or equal to 0 For the first call, this node generates a random seed value and produces noise samples based on that seed value. For subsequent calls to the node, if seed remains less than or equal to 0, the node maintains the initial internal seed state and produces noise samples as a continuation of the initial noise sequence.
Default: -1
datatype_icon
error in
Error conditions that occur before this node runs.
The node responds to this input according to standard error behavior.
Standard Error Behavior
Many nodes provide an error in input and an error out output so that the node can respond to and communicate errors that occur while code is running. The value of error in specifies whether an error occurred before the node runs. Most nodes respond to values of error in in a standard, predictable way.
error in does not contain an error error in contains an error
If no error occurred before the node runs, the node begins execution normally.
If no error occurs while the node runs, it returns no error. If an error does occur while the node runs, it returns that error information as error out.
If an error occurred before the node runs, the node does not execute. Instead, it returns the error in value as error out.
Default: No error
datatype_icon
sample rate
Sample rate in samples per second.
This input is available only if you configure this node to return a waveform.
Default: 1000
datatype_icon
samples
Number of samples in the signal.
samples must be greater than 0. Otherwise, this node returns an error.
This input is available when you configure this node to return a waveform or an array of double-precision, floating-point numbers.
Default: 1000
datatype_icon
t0
Timestamp of the output signal. If this input is unwired, this node uses the current time as the timestamp of the output signal.
This input is available only if you configure this node to return a waveform.
datatype_icon
periodic random noise
The periodic random noise pattern.
This output can return the following data types:
 - Waveform
 - Double-precision, floating-point number
 - 1D array of double-precision, floating-point numbers
Understanding the Output Array
The output periodic random noise contains all frequencies that can be represented with an integral number of cycles in the requested number of samples. Each frequency-domain component has a magnitude of spectral amplitude and random phase.
Another way of thinking of periodic random noise is that it is a summation of sinusoidal signals with the same amplitudes but with random phases. The unit of spectral amplitude is the same as periodic random noise and is a linear measure of amplitude.
The following values bound the periodic random noise:
spectralamplitude * ( samples 2 1 )
if samples is even
spectralamplitude * samples 1 2
if samples is odd
datatype_icon
error out
Error information.
The node produces this output according to standard error behavior.
Standard Error Behavior
Many nodes provide an error in input and an error out output so that the node can respond to and communicate errors that occur while code is running. The value of error in specifies whether an error occurred before the node runs. Most nodes respond to values of error in in a standard, predictable way.
error in does not contain an error error in contains an error
If no error occurred before the node runs, the node begins execution normally.
If no error occurs while the node runs, it returns no error. If an error does occur while the node runs, it returns that error information as error out.
If an error occurred before the node runs, the node does not execute. Instead, it returns the error in value as error out.
Windowing the Periodic Random Noise
Periodic random noise contains only integral-cycle sinusoids, which means the noise is self-windowing and does not contains spectral leakage. As a result, you do not need to window periodic random noise before performing spectral analysis.
Where This Node Can Run:
Desktop OS: Windows
FPGA: Not supported
Web Server: Not supported in VIs that run in a web application
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Strain identifier
BacDive ID: 19
Type strain: Yes
Species: Acetobacter oeni
Strain Designation: B13
Variant: Isotype of BacDive ID 132838
Culture col. no.: DSM 23926, CECT 5830, LMG 21952
Strain history: <- CECT <- E. Velázquez <- L. R. Silva, Depart. Microbiol. y Gen., Univ. Salamanca, Spain
« Browse strain by BacDive ID »
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Acetobacter oeni B13 is an obligate aerobe, mesophilic, gram-negative bacterium that forms circular colonies and was isolated from spoiled red wine.
 1. colony-forming
 2. gram-negative
 3. motile
 4. rod-shaped
 5. mesophilic
 6. obligate aerobe
 7. 16S sequence
 8. Bacteria
 9. genome sequence
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Actions
Actions are a series of predefined steps that you can use to automate jobs or processes that need to be performed often. For example, you can create an action that automatically kills any application running for more than a particular period of time.
note
 - Only an Admin or Data Steward type of user can create, edit, and run an action.
 - Actions can change the status of your cluster. Hence, actions should be used and configured with caution.
Click Actions > Actions from the left navigation bar to view the list of actions. The Actions page is displayed.
The following table describes the properties of an action.
Property NameDescriptionExample
NameSpecifies the name of the action that was provided while creating the action.Kill_Long_Running_Apps
Last StatusSpecifies whether the very last execution of the action had succeeded or failed.Succeeded
StepsSpecifies the number of steps used during creation of the action.3
Last ExecutionSpecifies the date and time for when the action was last executed.2020-07-28T04:35:11.828Z
ScheduledSpecifies true or false value depending on whether the execution was scheduled or not.True
Cron EntrySpecifies the cron value entered for scheduling the action.035*?**
EnabledSpecifies true or false value depending on the whether the action was enabled or not.True
Creating an Action
 1. Click the Create Connection button from the Actions page. The Create Actions page is displayed.
 2. Specify a name for the action.
 3. Specify a description for the action.
 4. Select the Enabled checkbox to enable the action.
 5. Select the Scheduled checkbox to schedule the action. The Cron Entry input box is display. Specify a Cron Entry.
 6. Specify a value in seconds for the initial delay of the action.
 7. Specify a value in seconds for the intervals between steps.
 8. Drag and drop steps from the right pane.
 9. Click the Save button to save your action.
Steps that can be configured
The below table explains the different steps that can be used to configure actions.
Step nameDescription
PlaybookExecutorExecutes a playbook available. It finds the hosts from the hostTag and executes the playbooks in those hosts.
MapInputExecutorMaps the inputs according to a passed configuration. For example, if a Step outputs a value in key 'A' and the next step needs the same value in key 'B' then this step should be a intermediate step with configuration to map key 'A' -> 'B'. The values are not touched. If a key is not found then that mapping is ignored.
ApplicationKillExecutorThis executor can kill YARN application using YARN REST apis. If a list of application ids are sent to the executor, then it iterates over the list and kills each one of them.
IdentityExecutorDo nothing executor. Passes the inputs to the output.
EmailExecutorUses the templates to create the content of the mail and then sends the mail out.
FetchMapperCountForYarnAppExecutorThis is a composite executor which uses the MongoExecutor and fetches the running applications where the mappers are greater that specified count passed as input.
FetchYarnAppExecutorThis is a composite executor which uses the MongoExecutor and ExtractFromInputExecutor to fetch the long running yarn application ids from the database. As the output it returns the list of application_ids which has been started before some time(taken as input) and is still running.
RandIntExecutorRandom Integer generator. It generates an random positive integer between 0 and a specified value(exclusive). It checks the config first for the upperBound value and the checks the input. Value passed in the input takes the precedence.
TimeInMillisExecutorGets the current time in milliseconds. Adds the offset if provided. Sets The value to the output key. It passes other inputs to the output.
PrintExecutorPrints a message passed on to this executor.
ExtractFromInputExecutorSometimes outputs from a executor is a deeply nested structure. While the next Executor may not understand the deep structure as its input. So, this executor should be placed in the middle and should be configured to extract values from the deep nested structure and attach those values to top-level keys.
This executor uses _URL_ for the extraction of the values. Refer to get a guide on how to configure the extraction logic. Example of the configs:
{
"mappings":
{
"$.store.book[0].title": "first_title",
"$.store.book[0].author": "first_author"
}
}
SlackExecutorUses the templates to create the content of the message and then post the message to slack group.
WaitExecutorReads 'delay' from the config to get the number of seconds to wait before returning. It passes the context that is passed to it as input.
HivePartitionMergeExecutorThis executor executes a hive statement to merge partitions.
Execute Actions
Click Execute in the Actions page to execute an action immediately. To view the execution status, click View Executions. For more information on viewing executions, click view action executions.
Edit Actions
From the actions panel list, click the name of an action you want to edit. The action is displayed in the Actions page. Make your changes and click Save.
Delete Actions
From the Actions list, click from the end of an action row and select Delete to delete the action.