text:
IU School of Medicine visit to expand genetic research capability in Kenya
By Kevin Fryling
It's nearly 8,000 miles from Kenya to Indianapolis. That's a long distance to ship a regular package, let alone a delicate parcel that could contain the clue to helping someone survive one of the most difficult forms of breast cancer.
Yet that's just one of many challenges faced by four scientists from Kenya who traveled to the IU School of Medicine from Sept. 10 to 14 to learn about its advances in the field of specimen storage and biobanking. The visit is the first step in expanding the ability to collect, store, annotate and ship medical samples from volunteers at the AMPATH reference lab at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, the primary teaching hospital for Moi University. The university is a close partner of the IU School of Medicine in the IU-Kenya Program and AMPATH, or Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare.
"This was an immersion visit; there's a great deal to learn," said Thomas Inui, M.D., co-director of research for AMPATH, director of research for the IU Center for Global Health and executive committee member of the Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute. "They came to see our biorepository; to understand its standard operating policies and procedures; and to learn about the information systems that support biomaterials storage and sharing."
The visiting scientists included Nathan Buziba, M.B., Ch.B., director of the AMPATH reference lab and chair and senior lecturer of pathology at Moi University; Wilfred Emonyi, manager of the AMPATH reference lab; Kritika Patel, a pathologist and lecturer in immunology at Moi University; and Alice Mudogo, technician at the AMPATH reference lab.
"IU's been in this business for a long time, so we're coming here to learn how you do it," Dr. Buziba said. "Right now we're not as organized or as centralized in our sample storage and collection as we want to be. We want to get the right standard operating procedures in place so our samples as good as anyone else's – for a sample from Eldoret to be no different than a sample from IU."
Biorepositories contain samples such as bloodspots, biopsies and frozen materials such as plasma, all usable for DNA extraction. The need to increase the ability to collect and store these materials both at the IU School of Medicine and in Kenya – as well as exchange them – relates to larger shifts in biomedical research in Indiana and across the globe.
"This is the direction in which science is moving," Dr. Inui said. "Because of the burgeoning science of genomics and the powerful effects of genes and gene products on disease and diagnosis and treatment, the areas of personalized medicine and individual diagnostics are being seen more and more as the leading edge of science. Our partners in Kenya are part of the IU health science campus – and just as we don't fall behind the state of science, they don't either. However, we need to invest in training and resources to bring them up to our level of functioning."
In Eldoret, Dr. Emonyi said most research samples are maintained and controlled by the scientist using them in their work. This means material can "fall through the cracks" after it's no longer needed for a study.
"It's very researcher-controlled right now," Dr. Emonyi said. "We're even seeing cases where materials are left to break down after a project is complete. After they're done, what should be done with these things? That is the challenge."
One solution could be a shared-resource model such as the type used by the Indiana Biobank, which requires scientists and patients to agree that their contributions may be shared with other approved researchers as a prerequisite of using the facility.
In addition to the Indiana Biobank, the visiting scientists met with leadership from the Komen Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Cancer Center, the National Cell Repository for Alzheimer's Disease and the Indiana CTSI, which manages the Indiana CTSI Specimen Storage Facility. The CTSI facility is responsible for the Indiana Biobank, Komen Tissue Bank and NCRAD, as well as other biorepositories across campus. Other visits included meetings with James W. Smith, M.D., Nordschow Professor Emeritus of Laboratory Medicine and consultant to the AMPATH reference lab, and Barbara Van Der Pol, Ph.D., MPH, assistant professor of kinesiology at the IU School of Public Health-Bloomington and consultant to the AMPATH clinical lab. The AMPATH reference lab focuses on sample analysis for research purposes, whereas the clinical lab focuses on sample analysis for medical treatment.
"The Indiana CTSI Specimen Storage Facility may be one of the best examples of a well-functioning biorepository," Dr. Inui said. He noted that other groups contributing consultation and advice to the Kenyan Biobank initiative include AMPATH Consortium member University of Toronto and the Wellcome Trust, a British foundation that supports research facilities in sub-Saharan Africa.
Support for the establishment of a Kenyan Biobank will ultimately include funds from Susan G. Komen for the Cure, which provided $500,000 for the collection of breast tissue samples in Kenya. Collection is scheduled for summer 2013, with some samples remaining in Eldoret and others being shipped for storage in the Komen Tissue Bank.
The tissue samples collected could shed light on triple-negative breast cancer, one of the most difficult-to-treat forms of the disease. The condition, named for the hormone receptors involved in the disease, is the most common form of breast cancer in Kenya, despite its being distinctly uncommon in the United States. Moreover, Dr. Inui said the remarkable genetic diversity in Africa, due in part to the continent's status as the birthplace of humankind, makes it an ideal place to collect genetic information on cancer and other diseases.
Support for the establishment of the Kenyan Biobank also will include funds from the Strategic Research Initiative, a $150 million grant from the IU School of Medicine and IU Health; the Physician Scientist Initiative, a $60 million grant from Eli Lilly Endowment; and Moi University.
The Kenyan scientists' visit was supported in part by the IU Center for Global Health, which will also sponsor a future trip to Kenya by experts from the Indiana CTSI biorepository.
"Many threads were woven together for this particular visit," Dr. Inui said. "What comes out of it will be a true roadmap for the development of a biobank in Kenya."


The Correct spelling is: scarf
Common misspellings of the word scarf are:
How do you spell scarf?. It is not
 - n., pl. scarfs (skÃ¤rfs) or scarves (skÃ¤rvz).
 1. A long piece of cloth worn about the head, neck, or shoulders.
 2. A decorative cloth for covering the top of a piece of furniture; a runner.
 3. A sash indicating military rank.
 tr.v., scarfed, scarfÂ·ing, scarfs.
 1. To dress, cover, or decorate with or as if with a scarf.
 2. To wrap (an outer garment) around one like a scarf.
 [French dialectal escarpe, sash, sling, from Old North French, variant of Old French escherpe, pilgrim's bag hung from the neck, from Frankish *skirpja, small rush, from Latin scirpus, rush.]
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text: Acryfab was approached by the artist to make this sculpture on his behalf. The original idea was for the sculpture to be made from "Lego" blocks that had been scaled up by a factor of 30. Acryfab initially made several blocks, as pictured here, to see if the idea was possible. During this stage the artist was told that his sculpture was to be located on a hill side and had to be self supporting. This required a radical rethink of the design. The sculpture was designed around an aluminium frame. The aluminium frame gave the sculpture strength and allowed for it to be fixed into the ground. The frame was constructed from aluminium pipes that finished at the bottom of each foot. A sheet of acrylic was bolted onto both sides of the frame. This then meant that the sides could be glued directly to the acrylic. The ends of the sculpture were glued in place as blocks, lastly the circles were glued on top.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Submitted to: Watershed Management Conference Proceedings
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/25/2002
Publication Date: N/A
Technical Abstract: Movement of water across a watershed varies with season, year, and position within the watershed. The water balance of different positions throughout watersheds will require an understanding of the water use patterns of different cropping or land management systems. To implement the concepts of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) will require an understanding of the water balance across a watershed. Studies have been conducted on the year-around water balance of cropping systems in the subsurface drained areas of central Iowa since 1991. These measurements have been made on a range of different tillage systems in corn and soybean rotations in different soils within Walnut Creek watershed. Seasonal water use is dependent upon the precipitation, soil, and nutrient management of the crop. Variation of water use within a field varies with soil type. Development of water balance for these soils and crop rotations revealed that drainage patterns varied with the soils within the watershed. In the low organic matter soils drainage started earlier in the year and lost more water than higher organic matter soils. These findings have been incorporated into methods for assessing watershed water balance methods. Understanding these dynamics across a watershed allows the development of the potential best management practices to meet TMDL requirements.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Do You Wish There was No Halloween?
Costumes, candy and scary movies. Millions of people look forward to October and Halloween each year, yet there are some who just wish it had been created.
A new survey by Mumsnet reveals that 31% of parents would be happy if Halloween didn't exist. Other findings:
- 75% of parents observe Halloween because their children love it
- 31% of people say Halloween is too commercial
- 27% of parents dislike Halloween because of the pranks associated with it
- 26% of parents dislike Halloween because it can be scary to vulnerable people
- 45% of parents enjoy Halloween because of pumpkin carving
- 41% of parents like dressing up for Halloween
Which side are you on? Halloween or no Halloween?


text:
Information about SET-BC Services for
Families of Children with Disabilities
Families of Children with Disabilities
What is assistive technology (AT)?
Assistive technologies are tools (devices, software or hardware) that can help students with special needs to achieve their educational goals. These tools may be as simple as a wireless mouse or as complex as a refreshable Braille display.
How do BC schools provide AT for students with special needs?
BC school districts provide a wide range of educational programs and supports for students with special needs. Most students who require AT as part of their individual educational plans receive this support within their own districts. Districts may request additional AT services for some students through Special Education Technology – British Columbia (SET-BC).
What is SET-BC?
SET-BC is a Ministry of Education program that works in partnership with all BC school districts, including Group 1 and 2 independent schools. SET-BC lends assistive technologies to districts for students' use and provides consultation, training, resources, and support for the educational use of these technologies.
Which students are eligible to receive services from SET-BC?
SET-BC helps districts to provide AT services for students whose access to the curriculum is restricted primarily due to the following disabilities:
- physical disabilities
- autism spectrum disorders
- moderate to profound intellectual disabilities
- dependent handicaps
- visual impairments
Each year, SETBC provides new technology solutions for approximately 800 students across the province. While services are equitably distributed to districts, their requests for SET-BC support are limited by available funding. Districts have screening processes to determine which students will be put forward to SET-BC, and which students will be supported within-district.
Who do I ask about SET-BC services for my child?
You can contact your child's school team to discuss his or her educational program and need for assistive technology. You can also contact the SET-BC District Partner for your district, who coordinates SET-BC services and helps identify students who require AT services.
What happens when my child is selected for SET-BC service?
SET-BC asks school teams to complete Request for Service forms for students who are selected for service. The teams, including students and parents, meet with SET-BC consultants to develop Collaborative Action Plans, which identify strategies and technologies that best meet students' educational goals. Following these meetings, SET-BC consultants arrange for the provision of technology, as well as any training or classroom resources that are needed.
What if my child has a technology assessment by a health / community agency?
These assessments or reports on students' strengths and needs can be helpful when identifying technology solutions. They should be discussed during the Collaborative Action Plan meeting to ensure that the recommendations support students' educational goals.
What types of technology does SET-BC provide?
SET-BC provides desktop and laptop computers, with specialized software for reading, writing and communication. SET-BC also provides speech generating devices, Braille and low-vision devices and alternate access peripherals. School districts supply appropriate educational, productivity and virus protection software, and also arrange access to printers, school networks and the Internet as required.
How will my child learn to use technology?
School teams can take part in a wide range of SET-BC workshops and presentations. Team members learn technology skills and strategies and acquire resources that will help them support student use of technology in the classroom. Students learn to use their AT as part of their ongoing educational program, with instruction and support from school team members.
SET-BC also provides online access to training and resources at _URL_. Our website contains useful audio presentations, software demonstrations, student videos, and tutorials, as well as collections of adapted curriculum resources.
Can SET-BC technology be used at home?
SET-BC loans technology to BC school districts for individual students, therefore district policies on appropriate technology use apply to SET-BC loans. District and school administrators make decisions about the use of technology at home or in the community. If students take their technology home, parents are asked to sign loan forms acknowledging responsibility for the equipment.
Who provides technical support for SET-BC technologies?
School teams, students and families who need technical support or repair for equipment on loan from SET-BC can contact the SET-BC Support Desk. Phone _PHONE_ or _PHONE_ in the Vancouver area, or send email to _EMAIL_.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


The Brillo Pad Algae

 FHL Marine Botany :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Taxonomy | Habitat | Morphology | Life History | Ecology | Fairy Rings

Life History

Endocladia muricata has an isomorphic life history, meaning that the gametophyte and sporophyte have the same morphology. In the intertidal, the tetrasporophyte phase is found more often than the gametophyte phase (1). The reason for the numerical difference between life history phases is unknown. It was hypothesized that the phases may have different physiological responses to heat and desiccation stresses. However, testing of this hypothesis has revealed that the different life history phases are similar responses to environmental stresses(2).

In the field, reproductive Endocladia can be identified by the yellow tips which contain cystocarps. The dark bulges in the branches contain cystocarps. The transparent, yellow bulges are pericarps that have released their zygote. Photo taken on a dissecting microscope 0.8X.

Cross-section of a cystocarp within its pericarp. The dark red area is the cystocarp and the yellow area is the pericarp. Photo taken on a compound microscope at 40X.

 References
1) Woodward, D.L. 1988. Unbalanced gametophyte: sporophyte ratios in populations of the intertidal red alga Endocladia muricata in central California. Ph.D. Thesis, University of California, Los Angeles, 179pp.
2) Britting, S.A. and D.J. Chapman. 1993. Physiological comparison of the isomorphic life-history phases of the high intertidal alga Endocladia muricata (Rhodophyta). Journal of Phycology 29: 739-745.


text:
What is the difference? With VHDs, it is a classification of virtual drive. The other two types have already been covered and now it is time to briefly cover what makes the difference VHD disk interesting.
Why does it exist? Perhaps the most obvious answer is that it could save space. The difference disk is actually linked to a parent disk. The parent disk represents a read-only copy of a VM. Technically it does not need to be a full copy but let's assume that it is to make it easy. Once the parent and child (difference disk) are bound, the parent VHD is no longer allowed to change. The child VHD has pointers to the parent VHD by using various name markers (relative/absolute, UNICODE/UTF-8). The link is not guaranteed and obviously it is possible for an admin/user to break the connection. It would be an easy mistake to make. The difference file could be moved to another system which has no access to the parent file.
What lives in the child disk? Only the written changes are kept in the virtual disk. Also, the changes are marked on a sector bitmap which shows which sectors are coming from the child and which ones are coming from the parent. From the operating system point of view, this is transparent. However, the VM player is responsible for splitting up the requests between the two virtual disks (parent and child). This also means that the two disks need to be opened when the VM is running.
The sector bitmap is actually at the front of the blocks in the VHD. In a dynamic disk, the sector bitmap shows which sectors have been written. For a difference disk, it shows the ownership of the sectors between child and parent.
I have been playing with difference disks over the last couple of weeks and now understand the nature of how this fits together. One key point is that this is happening at the sector level which would make it very hard to figure out which files had changed.
An annoying aspect of the sector bitmap is that it does not align with clusters. Because the first volume sector happens at 0x3F, the first eight sector cluster happens from 0x3F to 0×46. So, cluster zero maps to bits in three different bytes of the sector bitmap. Life would have been a bit easier if the clusters aligned with the sector bitmap bytes. Nevermind, this is really only annoying for people trying to correspond volume clusters to low-level sectors.
It is worth noting that the difference VHD disk has no intelligence about what is being written. In other words, it is highly likely that data written which happens to be the same as before will still trigger usage in the difference disk. Also of interest is that all VHD disks have no sense of what has been freed. This means that even if written data is freed by the file system, it will still be retained in the VHD. And finally, all data is treated equally so this means that even if the data is not worth keeping (temporary content) the VHD will do its best to hold onto it blindly. It appears that the pagefile fails into this category.
The greatest value of the difference disk would come from a template model. An admin could create a dynamic VHD disk for the work environment and then use the difference disk to create user copies. The benefit would be space savings and potentially faster transfer for remote use (assuming the template is already there). The missing piece is being able to update the template and have it take affect on the user difference disks. By the current definitions/standards, this will not work. The simple reason why is that it would be nearly impossible to merge the two together based on blocks changing on both the child and the parent. Since the VHD format has no knowledge of files and directories, it has no way of knowing what to merge.
The difference disk seems similar to linked clone technology. However, linked clone uses versioning which allows for the parent to move forward. Unfortunately, even linked clones have no knowledge of how to merge with an updated parent.


text:
AISTATS*2012 Call for Breaking News Abstracts
Fifeteenth International Conference on
April 21-23, 2012, La Palma, Canary Islands
This is the fifeteenth conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS*2012), an interdisciplinary gathering of researchers at the intersection of computer science, artificial intelligence, statistics, and related areas.
The Conference Programme will include invited talks, peer-reviewed contributed talks and posters. These contributed talks and posters, for which the submission date is October 14th, 2011, will be published as full papers. However, in addition, as at the last European AISTATS, some time at the conference will be set aside for "breaking news" posters submitted on the basis of a one-page abstract. These posters may report on ongoing or unpublished projects, projects already published elsewhere, partially developed ideas, negative results etc., and are meant as informal fora to encourage discussion. Abstracts should summarize and highlight why the projects will be of interest to the AISTATS community. The review process of these abstracts will be very light-touch but presentation of these at the Conference will NOT lead to publication in the Proceedings.
Since its inception in 1985, the primary goal of this conference has been to broaden research at the interface between artificial intelligence and statistics. Abstracts on all aspects of this interface are strongly encouraged, including but not limited to:
Solicited topics include, but are not limited to:
- Models and estimation (graphical models, causality, Gaussian processes, approximate inference, kernel methods, nonparametric models, statistical and computational learning theory, manifolds and embedding, sparsity and compressed sensing, ...)
- Classification, regression, density estimation, unsupervised and semi-supervised learning, clustering, topic models, ...
- Structured prediction, relational learning, logic and probability
- Reinforcement learning, planning, control
- Game theory, no-regret learning, multi-agent systems
- Algorithms and architectures for high-performance computation in AI and statistics
- Software for and applications of AI and statistics
Submission Requirements for Breaking News Abstracts:
Electronic submission of one-page double-column abstracts is required. Formatting and submission information can be found on the AI and Statistics Conference page. Submissions will be considered if they are received by 23:59, Friday February 10th, 2012, Universal Time (Greenwich Mean Time).
Abstracts will be lightly reviewed. Acceptance notifications will be emailed by February 24th. These will be presented as posters at the conference but will not be published.
- Bernhard Schökopf, Max Planck Institute, Tübingen, Germany
Local Arrangements Chair
- Fernando Perez Cruz, University Carlos III, Madrid, Spain


text:
A sewage pipe is the most expensive item in the sewage system.
The cost of the pipe, which is the only one in the water system, is almost twice as much as the cost of any other item in it, and that includes everything from sewer lines to water treatment plants.
So far, more than $1 billion in capital costs have been spent on sewer pipes, compared with $7 billion for the entire water system.
But that is a very small fraction of the total cost of a sewer system.
So the question is: Why do so many pipes cost so much?
The answer is simple.
The pipes are expensive because they are designed to operate only when water is being discharged.
Water is pumped into the system from a sewer, which then passes through a pipe and into the sewer pipe, where it is pumped back into the water supply.
That water is then sent to the power plants, which discharge the water into the sea.
The system can use about 5.7 million litres of water per day, according to the Australian Energy Market Operator.
So if the system used only 1,000 litres per day of water, the cost would be $2.8 billion.
This means the pipe costs $2,800 per litre, or about 1.7 times the cost.
The costs are rising faster than the supply of water.
The average annual cost of supplying water to the state's wastewater system, according a report by the Australian Water Utilities Association, is $1.4 billion.
It is estimated that by 2030 the cost to the WA Government of maintaining a water system at peak demand will increase by about 70 per cent, to $1,750 per year.
The report estimated the annual cost for the system to be $1 million per year and that, in 2050, the system would cost $2 million per annum.
That is more than double the cost per litrel that is being charged to the Government.
Water and sewer bills are increasing at a rate that is not sustainable, says Dr Chris Brown, director of the Water and Wastewater Institute at Monash University.
"You're going to need to make some changes to the way we do things to ensure we are meeting our water needs in the long term," he said.
The average cost per year for a new sewer pipe is $6,600. "
The longer you wait for that water to come in, the more money you'll lose in the longer term."
The average cost per year for a new sewer pipe is $6,600.
That does not include any capital costs, such as piping and fixtures, that are added as a by-product of the construction process.
This can add $5,000 to the average cost of an existing sewer pipe.
That adds up to about $10,000 per year to the cost, or $1 for every $100 litres of wastewater pumped out of the system.
In total, there is about $200 million in capital investment required every year to maintain the system in its current state, and $800 million in annual interest costs.
If all of that was paid back, it would cost WA taxpayers about $2 billion.
But it will not be.
That money is needed to pay for the pipes, which are a huge investment in terms of money, energy, and manpower.
So there are two parts to this equation.
First, the sewer system is expensive.
The water that enters the system is pumped from the septic system into the basin, and then into the treatment plants that process the wastewater.
It takes a lot of water to process the sewage, so the cost is high.
Second, the pipes themselves are also expensive.
They have to be designed to work when water comes in from a sewage pipe.
The first part of that equation is simple: pipes need to be able to function when the water is not being discharged, but it is also complicated because the water needs to be pumped into and out of those pipes.
That process of pumping water is called "sewage."
Water from septic systems must be diverted into a treatment plant, which uses a process called "treatment" to remove the wastewater from the system before it can be sent to power plants for treatment.
The process takes about two weeks.
This is how the system works.
A treatment plant sends a stream of wastewater to a treatment pond.
Water from the treatment pond is pumped to the treatment plant.
The treatment plant then sends a pipe that carries the wastewater back to the seaport.
When the treatment process is complete, the water from the treated wastewater is pumped out the treatment ponds.
The wastewater is sent back to treatment plants to be treated.
The entire system works by pumping the wastewater into a system.
This process is called sewage treatment.
It requires pumping water from an aquifer, which collects and cleans the wastewater before it is sent


) ) [slot]
Zooms in 2 times.
Referenced by MosaicZoomTool(), and mouseButtonRelease().
void Isis::MosaicZoomTool::zoomManual ( ) [slot]
This method zooms by the value input in the line edit next to the zoom tools.
This method is called when the double spin box value has been changed. First we figure out what we need to scale the graphics view in order to achive the user's desired screen resolution.
References x.
Referenced by getToolBarWidget().
void Isis::MosaicZoomTool::zoomOut2X ( QPointF center = QPointF() ) [slot]
Zoom out 2 times.
Referenced by MosaicZoomTool(), and mouseButtonRelease().
The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:


The Engineering News Formula, and Its Treatment in Early Vulcan Literature
It didn't take long for designers and builders of civil works to realise that the Sanders Formula had significant limitations. The obvious solution at the time (and later when other formulas were found to have feet of clay) was to produce new dynamic formulae. In the twenty years after the end of the Civil War, the main competitor to Sanders was the Trautwine Formula. Although it had variations, the basic format was the following:
The Trautwines were one of the most prominent families in American civil engineering, and the formula was put forth by the junior John C. Trautwine. There were two major steps forward from Sanders in the formula's structure:
 1. The cube root of the drop height was used. Sanders had assumed that the penetration of the pile was directly proportional to the energy output of the hammer. Trautwine's formula penalised hammers with long strokes and light ram weights.
 2. Trautwine added an additive constant to the denominator, which prevented the pile load capacity from going to infinity with zero. This solved the most immediate weakness of Sander's Formula from a use standpoint.
However, the 29 December 1888 edition of Engineering News would change everything. Arthur Mellen Wellington, another prominent American civil engineer, published a formula that would dominate pile dynamics (in the US, at least) for the next eighty years, the Engineering News Formula. Although it has many variations (some published in the original article) its basic form was and is as follows:
where
 - L = safe load
 - F = "constant determined from experience"
 - w = ram weight
 - h = drop height of ram (assumes single acting hammer)
 - s = penetration of pile per blow
 - c = "some constant in addition to s"
In 1893 Wellington put together a compendium of articles on the origin and his subsequent defence of the EN formula. Some of the content of this from the standpoint of using the formula were summarised in Vulcan's product literature, as shown below. Following are some observations about the formula and how it came into being:
 - The Engineering News formula was largely an empirically developed formula. Although later engineers would show that it could be developed from Newtonian impact mechanics, there is no indication that Wellington did so at the time. The factors used (except, obviously, for the weight, drop height, and pile set) were also empirical.
 - Wellington's main objective with the EN formula was to displace the Trautwine formula; in fact, the original article was in response to a letter from John C. Trautwine Jr.
 - Wellington adopted Trautwine's addition of the additive constant in the denominator. Wellington attrributed this to the inertia of the pile during impact.
 - The EN Formula, as with Sanders, assumed that the penetration of the pile was linearly proportional to the rated striking energy of the hammer, be it drop or steam operated. This was important to Wellington, and he touted it as a major advantage over Trautwine's cube root of the stroke (and thus the energy.) Unfortunately Wellington's insistence of this overlooks the fact that, for the same energy, the impulse of the impact decreases with a longer stroke and a lighter ram, which changes the character of the blow. (This issue appears again and again in pile driving, as can be seen here.) It's intersting to note that the Gates Formula, the formula currently favoured by the FHWA, uses the square root of the energy.
 - As formulated by Wellington, the EN Formula has a factor of safety of six. Although useage of the term wasn't as precise then as now, the intent of the factor of safety was to produce a load that could be used an applied load of the structure the pile supported. More current usage further reduces the result of the EN Formula by another factor of safety, but that wasn't the original concept.
 - Wellington used many "job site examples" to buttress his contention that the EN Formula was an improvement over Trautwine and the other formulas in use at the time. His presentation strikes us as vague and unscientific, but that observation should be tempered by a few considerations:
 - Soil mechanics was still very much in its infancy in this "pre-Terzaghi" era. There were no methods of estimating the pile capacity based on soil properties, which would have been a good check on all of the dynamic formulae. Phenomenon such as soil freeze and relaxation were not well quantified, either.
 - Wellington (and everyone else) set forth a good deal of load testing data. There were, at time time, no accepted standards for either conducting load tests or interpreting the data, and would not be for some time (the Davisson Criterion, for example, would not come into being until the 1970's.) Comparing load testing data was very much an "apples and oranges" proposition; load tests were conducted with an eye on the specific job, not on a standard test procedure.
 - There was no way to instrument the piles during driving, and would not be until Glanville et. al. in the 1930's.
Wellington was an energetic and supremely self-confident evangelist of his formula. In one particularly enthusiastic passage, he characterises some of his fellow engineers in New Testament terms:
In so very uncertain a matter it is wrong in principle to start from high ultimates which are certainly unsafe as a unit, and allow foolish men to deceive themselves with the notion that they are being cautious when they divide it by three or. four, when they are really running great risks. The carnal mind longs for this comforting assurance, but the true formula for piledriving is one which is certainly safe in any kind of uniform material, leaving the engineer to realize that he is running risks (which yet may be justified and reduced by caution), if in special cases he goes beyond it.
This notwithstanding, Wellington was a realist about the value of this or any other formula, and set forth conditions under which it could be relied upon (see below.) Wellington himself stated that "…piledriving and pile loading must forever remain an empirical art, defying close analysis by formula," which should give pause to anyone blindly using the EN Formula (it's not a good idea for any other geotechnical engineering design method, subsequent advances notwithstanding.)
Wellington's vigourous promotion of his formula doubtless contributed to its early and widespread acceptance (a course that was repeated by George Goble in the 1970's with the wave equation based methods.) But how well does the EN Formula actuall predict pile capacity?
Part of the answer, of course, depends upon one's definition of "pile capacity," which, as we have seen, wasn't as well standardised in Wellington's day as ours. Beyond that, studies have varied in their results. Some have reported reasonable agreement with the wave equation, while others have characterised the EN Formula as unreliable from a statistical standpoint. As long as the majority of driven piles were wood (relatively short) and geotechnical design remained a conservatively practiced art, the weaknesses of the EN and other dynamic formulae could be overlooked. But as both the technology of driven piles and the desire for greater precision and economy progressed, the shortcomings of the EN Formula became more apparent.
Vulcan and the Engineering News Formula
Although Vulcan's "heavy ram and low striking velocity" philosophy of steam hammer design would favour a formula such as Trautwine's or Gates' over the EN, nevertheless Vulcan included extensive information on the formula in its literature for most of the twentieth century. It's interesting to note that the "Warrington-Vulcan" single-acting hammer line came into existence around the time the EN was set forth, and Wellington used different constants for steam hammers. The narrative below appeared, with small modifications, from 1906 to 1931 (this particular one is taken from the 1914 catalogue.)
Safe Bearing Load for Piles
Numerous formulas have been devised for the bearing power of piles, but their several results have been conflicting and have frequently failed when tested by practice. Engineers, therefore, use them with caution.
It is held by Hering and others that, in order to be reliable, a formula should involve the set of the pile under the last blow: and, furthermore, this blow shold be given after an interval of rest.
For the convenience of our customers we give below the formula devised by the late A.M. Wellington, and originally known as the "Engineering News" formula. It is reproduced from the treatise on "Piles and Pile Driving," published by the Engineering New Publishing Co., of New York.
The formula may be expressed in the form of a rule, as follows:
For Drop Hammers
To find the safe load, in pounds, multiply twice the weight of the hammer in pounds by its fall in feet and divide by the set, in inches, under the last blow, plus one inch.
Concerning this constand, 1 inch, Wellington wrote in reference to Steam Hammers:
" * * * The constant 1 (in the formula for Drop Hammers) * * * which represents the extra initial resistance of getting the pile into motion again, should not be over 1/10 as great, if so much." Therefore,
For Steam Hammers
take the weight of striking parts, in pounds, instead of hammer, in rule above, and in the divisor use 1/10 instead of 1 inch.
The assumed factor of safety is 6.
The formula is to be applied subject to the following limiting conditions:
The


text:
Effect of Hydraulic Properties of Backfill and Geocomposite Drainage Materials on Seepage Response in Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls
This research aims to investigate the effect of water retention characteristic of the soil and drainage material (geocomposite) on seepage responses in mechanical stabilized earth walls by using geocomposite as drainage system. A set of experiments on physical models was conducted such that the data set obtained from the tests were used to calibrate the numerical models. The well calibrated numerical models were then used to perform parametric study. The studied parameters were van Genuchten parameters (ga, gn, Sres, Ssat) and coefficient of permeability (k) of the relevant materials. Results from the parametric study show that the water retention characteristic of the soil outside the reinforced zone plays no role to the hydraulic response of the soil inside the reinforced zone. However, the coefficient of permeability of the soil outside the reinforced zone plays important role to the level of the phreatic surface inside the reinforced zone. Hence, the coefficient of permeability of the soil outside the reinforced zone must be taken into account when designing drainage system.
mechanical stabilized earth wall; geocomposite, drainage system; numerical modeling
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text:
Thomas ArcherArticle Free Pass
Thomas Archer, (born c. 1668—died May 23, 1743, Whitehall, London, Eng.), British architect and practitioner of what was, for England, an extraordinarily extravagant Baroque style, marked by lavish curves, large scale, and bold detail.
Archer, the son of a Warwickshire squire, was educated at Trinity College, Oxford, and then spent four years abroad. After receiving several lucrative royal appointments, he bought the manor of Hale, Hampshire, in 1715 and rebuilt the house and church.
Archer's dynamic work borrowed much from the 17th-century Italian architects Gian Lorenzo Bernini and Francesco Borromini. Although he was not as original as some of the prominent English architects of his time, he was considered important. Most of his designs were executed from 1705 to 1715, including the north front of Chatsworth House (c. 1705) in Derbyshire, Heythrop House (1707–10) in Oxfordshire, a garden pavilion at Wrest Park (1709–11) in Bedfordshire, Roehampton House (c. 1712) in Surrey (now in Wandsworth, London), and the churches of St. Philip (c. 1710–15) in Birmingham, St. Paul (1712–30) in Deptford, and St. John (1713–28) in Westminster. The last two resulted from his appointment in 1711 as a commissioner for the building of 50 new churches.
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Goulburn RiverArticle Free Pass
Goulburn River, river that, together with the Campaspe and Loddon rivers, drains most of central Victoria, Australia. Rising on Mount Singleton in the Eastern Highlands northeast of Melbourne in Fraser National Park, the Goulburn flows generally north for 352 miles (563 km) through the Eildon, Goulburn, and Waranga reservoirs and Lake Nagambie to join the Murray River 7 miles (11 km) northeast of Echuca. The principal settlements in its valley are Seymour and Shepparton. The river, crossed by the explorers Hamilton Hume and William Hovell in 1824, was named for a British under secretary of state for the colonies. Pastoralism was the dominant land use in the region until succeeded by wheat farming in the 1870s. Irrigation, introduced in the 1880s, allows fruit and vegetable farming, dairying, and sheep raising to be practiced in the area. Irrigation, however, has also caused a rise in water tables consisting of saline groundwater, and, as a result, the increased salinity of the soil has become a problem.
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Coercive sexual strategies
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
93 Scopus citations
This study examines the use of coercive sexual strategies by men and the outcomes of these behaviors for women. Using a sample of 541 college undergraduates, data were gathered from men on their use of three types of coercive sexual strategies and from women on their experiences with these same forms of behaviors. For women, there is a positive association between being sexually active, having sexually permissive attitudes, drinking alcohol and being a victim of certain types of sexual coercive strategies. For men, sexually permissive attitudes and attitudes toward rape are found to be significant predictors of their use of verbal coercion. Furthermore, being a fraternity member is associated with the use of verbal coercion and physical force and being a sorority member is associated with being a victim of alcohol/drug coercion and physical force. Reports from both men and women give a more comprehensive interpretation of the specific mechanisms through which different coercive strategies are played out.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)47-61
Number of pages15
JournalViolence and Victims
Issue number1
StatePublished - 1998
Externally publishedYes
ASJC Scopus subject areas
 - Pathology and Forensic Medicine
 - Health(social science)
 - Law
Dive into the research topics of 'Coercive sexual strategies'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Cite this


Designing Interior Environments that Support Human Health
Course number
GBCI: _PHONE_
Read article here: Designing Interior Environments that Support Human Health
Purpose of Article
The article looks at how designers can create interior environments that promote human health, wellbeing and productivity
of the occupants. The article talks the reader through the various aspects of interior design that impact human health
and wellbeing, and introduces strategies that can help achieve a healthier indoor environment.
Learning Objectives
1. Understand the impact the design of an interior environment can have on its occupants in terms of health, wellbeing
and productivity.
2. Understand how human health and wellbeing is now an important and essential aspect of holistic sustainable design.
3. Understand the connection between environmentally-focused design strategies commonly seen in green building
rating systems, and human health-focused interior design strategies.
4. Differentiate the various interior design strategies that can positively impact different aspects of human
health and wellbeing.
Quiz by: Alison Walker


text:
2015 Volume 28 Issue 3 Pages 124-130
A new formulation of the St. Venant momentum equation, the local inertial equation, was developed recently at the University of Bristol for stable and fast flood inundation modelling. The local inertial term of the momentum equation, which is neglected in the diffusive wave approximation, is additionally considered in the local inertial equation. Herein we demonstrate the manner in which flood inundation simulations can be stabilized by adding the local inertial term using mathematical stability analysis and numerical simulations. Mathematical stability analysis suggests the following two characteristics of the local inertial equation as important for computational efficiency: 1) time evolution of flood inundation is solvable explicitly using semi-implicit approximation of the discharge term in the Manning's roughness equation; and 2) the type of the governing partial differential equations changes from a parabolic system to a hyperbolic system by adding the local inertial term to the diffusive wave equation. Both mathematical analysis and numerical simulations revealed that the local inertial equation is more computationally efficient than the diffusive wave equation, especially in cases of high- resolution inundation flood modelling in very flat regions.


It is a situation that a guy on the ground asking another one who is climbing on a bed staircase with this sentence.
And he replied with this one.
おお よかろうしっかり手｛て｝足｛あし｝をおさえておけっ。
おけ is the imperative form for おく. You can ignore the っ at the end as it carries no meaning, only to show an abrupt end of the sentence.
The second sentence mean:
Oh, hold (his/her) arms and legs tightly!
Your Answer


NAME Markup::Unified - A simple, unified interface for Textile, Markdown and BBCode. VERSION Version 0.03 SYNOPSIS use Markup::Unified; my $o = Markup::Unified->new(); my $text = 'h1. A heading'; $o->format($text, 'textile'); print $o->formatted; # produces "
A heading
" print $o->unformatted; # produces "h1. A heading" # you can also just say: print $o; # same as "print $o->formatted;" DESCRIPTION This module provides a simple, unified interface for the Text::Textile, Text::Markdown and HTML::BBCode markup languages modules. This module is primarily meant to provide a simple way for application developers to deal with texts that use different markup languages, for example, a message board where users have the ability to post with their preferred markup language. Please note that this module expects your texts to be UTF-8. In order for this module to be useful at any way, at least one of the three parsing modules (Text::Textile, Text::Markdown or HTML::BBCode) must be installed. None of these are required, but if you try to parse a text formatted in any of these markup languages without the respective module being installed on your system, then the text will be returned unformatted, and no errors will be raised. METHODS new() Creates a new, empty instance of Markup::Unified. format( $text, $markup_lang ) Formats the provided text with the provided markup language. $markup_lang must be one of 'bbcode', 'textile' or'markdown' (case insensitive); otherwise the text will remain unprocessed (which is also true if the appropriate markup module is not installed on your system). formatted() Returns the formatted text of the object, with whatever markup language it was set. This module also provides the ability to print the formatted version of an object without calling "formatted()" explicitly, so you can just use "print $obj". unformatted() Returns the unformatted text of the object. truncate([ $length_str, $ellipsis ]) NOTE: This feature requires the presence of the HTML::Truncate module. If it is not installed, this method will simply return the output of the formatted() method without raising any errors. This method returns the formatted text of the object, truncated according to the provided length string. This string should be a number followed by one of the characters 'c' or '%'. For example, "$length_str = '250c'" will return 250 characters from the object's text. "$length_str = '10%'" will return 10% of the object's text (characterwise). If a length string is not provided, the text will be truncated to 250 characters by default. This is useful when you wish to display just a sample of the text, such as in a list of blog posts, where every listing displays a portion of the post's text with a "Read More" link to the full text in the end. If an $ellipsis is provided, it will be used as the text that will be appended to the truncated HTML (i.e. "Read More"). Read HTML::Truncate's documentation for more info. Defaults to … (HTML entity for the '...' ellipsis character). supports( $markup_lang ) Returns a true value if the requested markup language is supported by this module (which basically means the appropriate module is installed and loaded). $markup_lang must be one of 'textile', 'bbcode' or'markdown' (case insensitive). Returns a false value if the requested language is not supported. INTERNAL METHODS _bbcode( $text ) Formats $text with HTML::BBCode. _textile( $text ) Formats $text with Text::Textile. _markdown( $text ) Formats $text with Text::Markdown. AUTHOR Ido Perlmuter, "" BUGS Please report any bugs or feature requests to "bug-markup-unified at", or through the web interface at. I will be notified, and then you'll automatically be notified of progress on your bug as I make changes. SUPPORT You can find documentation for this module with the perldoc command. perldoc Markup::Unified You can also look for information at: * RT: CPAN's request tracker * AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation * CPAN Ratings * Search CPAN SEE ALSO Text::Textile, Text::Markdown, HTML::BBCode, HTML::Truncate, DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::Markup::Unified COPYRIGHT & LICENSE Copyright 2009-2010 Ido Perlmuter. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either: the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; or the Artistic License. See for more information.


Work with composite state shapes in UML statechart diagrams
Add a history indicator to a state region
 1. In a statechart diagram, create a state region by dragging a Composite State shape onto the drawing page.
 2. Double-click the new statechart drawing page icon in the tree view to navigate to the drawing page that represents the composite state.
In the diagram that represents the composite state or state region, drag a Shallow History or Deep History shape onto the drawing page.
 - Use Transition shapes to indicate the transitions that come from outside the state region. Glue the endpoints of the Transition shapes with arrowheads to connection points Connection point image - blue X on the history indicator shape. Double-click the Transition shapes to add transition strings.
 - Use a Transition shape to indicate the outgoing transition from the history indicator shape. Glue the Transition shape endpoint without an arrowhead to a connection point Connection point image - blue X on the history indicator shape. Glue the Transition shape endpoint with an arrowhead to the destination state shape.
Create a composite or nested state in a statechart diagram
 1. In a statechart diagram, drag a CompositeState shape onto the drawing page.
The composite state icon appears in the tree view and a new statechart drawing page appears that represents the composite state.
 1. Double-click the new statechart drawing page icon in the tree view to navigate to the drawing page that represents the composite state.
 2. Drag State, Transition, Shallow or Deep History indicators, and other shapes onto the drawing page to represent concurrent, mutually exclusive, or nested substates within the composite state.
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text:
The 3-cent blue Byrd Antarctic Expedition souvenir sheet (Scott number 735) is imperforate, consists of six stamps, and bears plate number 21184. The Post Office Department issued it in 1934. It was produced by flat plate printing in ungummed panes of twenty-five souvenir sheets consisting of six imperforate stamps. These panes were cut into single souvenir sheets for sale at the National Stamp Exhibition in New York City on February 10-19, 1934. Stamps in these panes were of the same design and dark blue color as the sheet stamp originally issued in 1933 for use on mail from Byrd's base, Little America in the Antarctic.
Postmaster General James Farley provided uncut press sheets to selected friends and family, thus creating potentially scarce combinations of gutter pairs and blocks.
Due to the complaints of stamp collectors, the POD later issued a special printing of uncut panes, commonly called 'Farley's Follies', for sale to the public. The Scott catalog company assigned number 768 to these reprinted souvenir sheets. However, this caused serious problems for stamp collectors who could not determine the difference between Scott catalog numbers 735 and 768.
Barbara A. Hansen wrote in the Bureau Specialist: "Since the original issues automatically had their gutters destroyed when the panes were separated, it was impossible to form gutter blocks and gutter pairs. . .until after the reprints of 1935 were released. This constitutes the only major difference between the two listings." She continued, "It is absurd to call anything. . .768. . .unless it shows a full gutter."
Stamp identification aside, the notable aspect of this piece is that it bears the autograph of Admiral Richard E. Byrd, the organizer and leader of Antarctic Expedition II. This autographed souvenir sheet is from the collection of Malcolm MacGregor, who compiled a voluminous collection of autographed stamps from around the world, coupling philately with philography or the collection of autographs. He bequeathed his collection, consisting of thirty-three volumes of autographed stamps and covers, to the Smithsonian Institution Division of Philately, which took possession from his estate on January 27, 1984.
National Postal Museum


text:
During 2016, the company decided to change the logo that represents it, maintaining the bound with its history and tradition, the elements that mostly characterize it. This is how the new version of the logo took inspiration from the former one in the shape that recalls the key product of the De Molli s.p.a, the hinge. Inside this geometric shape, the initials of De Molli Giancarlo Industrie can be recognized, thanks to the presence of the letters D and G, which, solid and thick, communicate the rationality and reliability but also openness towards the surrounding environment.
These are in contrast with the letter M, which, soft, constitutes the breaking element that communicates speed and suggests that the heart of the company is made up by the people that compose it. The letter I, solid as a column, shows stability and the bound of the company with its history and growth in the years. Finally, the addition of the gear that reminds the mechanical base of the company, and which, underlined by the color red magenta, recalls the incandescent iron.


text:
We have reported that low-dose aclarubicin (ACR) therapy is effective in some patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Here, we demonstrate that a low concentration of ACR induces the in vitro differentiation of leukemic progenitor cells from patients with MDS. ACR (0.1 ng/ml) significantly increased the number of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-dependent colonies from circulating blast cells in vitro in six out of seven MDS patients with refractory anemia with excess of blast in transformation or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, but not in all four patients with primary acute myelogenous leukemia. In these MDS patients, the effect of ACR gradually disappeared along with the progression of MDS. Interestingly, the majority of G-CSF/ACR-dependent colonies consisted of rather differentiated myeloid cells such as myelocytes and metamyelocytes, whereas colonies formed by G-CSF alone were composed mainly of immature blastic cells. The number of G-CSF-responding progenitors significantly increased during a 24-48 h incubation with ACR alone. The circulating blasts in MDS patients expressed G-CSF receptors at unchanged levels before and after the incubation with ACR. It is suggested that ACR might increase clonogenic progenitor responsiveness to G-CSF in MDS, probably through modulating downstream signaling cascades associated with G-CSF receptors, and induce these progenitors to differentiate in response to G-CSF. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Cancer Research


B::Op_private(3perl) Perl Programmers Reference Guide B::Op_private(3perl)
B::Op_private - OP op_private flag definitions
use B::Op_private;
# flag details for bit 7 of OP_AELEM's op_private:
my $name = $B::Op_private::bits{aelem}{7}; # OPpLVAL_INTRO
my $value = $B::Op_private::defines{$name}; # 128
my $label = $B::Op_private::labels{$name}; # LVINTRO
# the bit field at bits 5..6 of OP_AELEM's op_private:
my $bf = $B::Op_private::bits{aelem}{6};
my $mask = $bf->{bitmask}; # etc
This module provides four global hashes:
%B::Op_private::bits
%B::Op_private::defines
%B::Op_private::labels
%B::Op_private::ops_using
which contain information about the per-op meanings of the bits in the op_private field.
This is indexed by op name and then bit number (0..7). For single bit flags, it returns the name of the define (if any) for that bit:
$B::Op_private::bits{aelem}{7} eq 'OPpLVAL_INTRO';
For bit fields, it returns a hash ref containing details about the field. The same reference will be returned for all bit positions that make up the bit field; so for example these both return the same hash ref:
$bitfield = $B::Op_private::bits{aelem}{5};
$bitfield = $B::Op_private::bits{aelem}{6};
The general format of this hash ref is
{
 # The bit range and mask; these are always present.
 bitmin => 5,
 bitmax => 6,
 bitmask => 0x60,
 # (The remaining keys are optional)
 # The names of any defines that were requested:
 mask_def => 'OPpFOO_MASK',
 baseshift_def => 'OPpFOO_SHIFT',
 bitcount_def => 'OPpFOO_BITS',
 # If present, Concise etc will display the value with a 'FOO='
 # prefix. If it equals '-', then Concise will treat the bit
 # field as raw bits and not try to interpret it.
 label => 'FOO',
 # If present, specifies the names of some defines and the
 # display labels that are used to assign meaning to particu-
 # lar integer values within the bit field; e.g. 3 is dis-
 # played as 'C'.
 enum => [ qw(
 1 OPpFOO_A A
 2 OPpFOO_B B
 3 OPpFOO_C C
 )],
};
This gives the value of every "OPp" define, e.g.
$B::Op_private::defines{OPpLVAL_INTRO} == 128;
This gives the short display label for each define, as used by "B::Concise" and "perl -Dx", e.g.
$B::Op_private::labels{OPpLVAL_INTRO} eq 'LVINTRO';
If the label equals '-', then Concise will treat the bit as a raw bit and not try to display it symbolically.
For each define, this gives a reference to an array of op names that use the flag.
@ops_using_lvintro = @{ $B::Op_private::ops_using{OPp_LVAL_INTRO} };
2022-12-12 perl v5.36.0


text:
Title: Scientific Discourse
Subtitle: Multiliteracy in the Classroom
Publisher: Continuum International Publishing Group Ltd
Author: David Ian Hanauer, Indiana University of Pennsylvania
Hardback: ISBN: _PHONE_ Pages: 256 Price: U.K. £ 75.00
This book examines the nature of scientific inquiry in the primary school classroom to show how this interacts with early literacy. Through an examination of the texts used and produced by pupils studying science the author shows how what is at work in this context of scientific discourse is actually multiliteracy. The teacher aids the pupils' learning using different forms of literacy spread across the spoken word, written text, visual text and physical action. The result of this diverse approach is a growth not only in scientific knowledge, but basic literacy.
The book provides a theoretical introduction to developmental literacy theory, current positions of science education and advanced theories of multiliteracy and genre theory. The new theory of scientific discourse presented in this book will be of interest to researchers of applied linguistics, discourse analysis and education.


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Starfinder Ship Combat Cheat Sheet by
Cheat sheet for the roles in Starfinder combat
Combat Phases
1. Engineering Phase (Captain, Engineer)
2. Helm Phase (Captain, Pilot, Science Officer)
3. Gunnery Phase (Captain, Gunner)
The Science Officer can act before or after the pilot in the Helm Phase (2).
Captain Actions
Demand (Intimidate)
Grant a +4 bonus to one specific check by succeeding. You must use this action before the associated check is rolled, and you can grant this bonus to an individual character only once per combat. You cannot make demands of yourself
Encourage (Diplomacy DC 15 OR Same Skill at DC10)
Can encourage another member of the crew to give her a bonus to her action. This works like aid another (see page 133), granting a +2 bonus to the check required by a crew action.
Taunt (Push [Comms], Bluff or Intimidate)
Select an enemy vessel and phase and roll Bluff or Intimidate; if successful, each enemy character acting during the selected phase takes a –2 penalty to all checks for 1d4 rounds; the penalty increases to –4 if the enemy's check is made as part of a push action. Cannot target the same enemy twice in combat.
Orders (Level 6, Push, 1RP)
Can grant an additional action to one member of the crew by spending 1 Resolve Point and succeeding at a related skill check at the above DC. Computers for science officer, Engineering for engineer, gunnery (see page 320) for gunner, and Piloting for pilot. Target gains another action if successful, but cannot take the same action twice. You cannot give yourself orders
Moving Speech (Level 12, Diplomacy DC20 + 1.5xTier, 1RP)
Use your action to give a moving speech to the crew during one phase of combat. For the remainder of that phase, your allies can roll twice and take the better result when performing crew actions.
Captain DC's are all 15 + 1.5xStarship Tier unless otherwise noted
Engineer Actions
Divert (Engineering, DC10 + 1.5xTier)
Make engineering check to divert power. If engines, speed increases by 2 this round. If science, science officers get +2 to checks this round. If weapons, damage rolls of 1 become 2. If shields, restore an amount of Shield Points equal to 5% of the PCU rating of the starship's power core (see page 296), up to the shields' maximum value. Evenly distribute the restored Shield Points to all four quadrants (putting any excess Shield Points in the forward quadrant).
Hold it Together (Engineering, DC15 + 1.5xTier)
Select one system; that system is treated as if its critical damage condition were two steps less severe for the rest of the round (wrecked becomes glitching, and a malfunctioning or glitching system functions as if it had taken no critical damage). This check isn't modified by penalties from critical damage to the power core.
Patch (Engineering, DC Varies)
Patch a system to reduce the effects of a critical damage condition. The number of actions and the DC of the Engineering check required to patch a system depend on how badly the system is damaged. The number of actions required can be reduced by 1 (to a minimum of 1 action) by increasing the DC by 5. Glitching: 1 action, DC 10 + 1.5xTier. Malfunctioning: 2 actions, DC15 + 1.5xTier. Wrecked: 3 actions, DC20 + 1.5xTier
Overpower (6 ranks Engineering, Push, DC15 + 1.5xTier, 1RP)
If successful, this functions as the divert action, but you can send extra power to any three systems listed in that action. This action and the divert action can't be taken in the same round.
Quick Fix (12 ranks Engineering, DC20 + 1.5xTier, 1RP)
If successful, remove the critical damage condition from one system for 1 hour (allowing it to function as if it had taken no critical damage), after which time it must be repaired as normal.
Science Officer Actions
Balance (Computers, DC10 + 1.5xTier)
Can shift Shield Points (SP) from the shield in one quadrant another quadrant, including to depleted shields (after rebalancing, every shield must have at least 10% of the total current SP). Alternatively, you can add up the SP from all the remaining shields and evenly distribute them to all four quadrants, putting any excess SP in the forward quadrant.
Scan (Computers, DC5 + 1.5xTarget's Tier + Countermeasures)
If you succeed at this check, you learn the first unknown piece of information on the following list. For every 5 by which you exceed the check, you learn another unknown piece of information. Subsequent checks reveal new pieces of information, continuing down this list.
1. Basic Information: Living crew complement and ship classification, size, speed, and maneuverability.
2. Defenses: AC, TL, total and current Hull Points, total and current Shield Points in each quadrant, and core PCU value.
3. Weapon: Information about one weapon, including its firing arc and the damage it deals, starting with the weapon that uses the most PCU. Repeat this entry until all the starship's weapons are revealed.
4. Load: Information about how the starship's expansion bays are allocated and any cargo the starship might be carrying.
5. Other: Any remaining ship statistics.
Target System (Computers, Push, DC5 + 1.5xTarget's Tier + Countermeasures)
If you succeed, choose one system (core, engines, life support, sensors, or weapons). The next attack made by your starship that hits the enemy ship scores a critical hit on a natural roll of 19 or 20. If that attack deals critical damage, it affects the chosen system. For any further critical damage resulting from the attack, determine which system is affected randomly as normal. Your starship's sensors can target only one system on a specific enemy starship at a time, though this action can be used to concurrently target systems on multiple starships.
Lock On (Computers 6 ranks, Push, DC5 + 1.5xTarget's Tier + Countermeasures, 1RP)
If you succeed, your starship's gunners gain a +2 bonus to gunnery checks against the target for the rest of the round. This action can be taken only once per round.
Improve Countermeasures (Computers 12 ranks, DC5 + 1.5xTarget's Tier + Countermeasures, 1RP)
If you're successful, gunners aboard the target starship roll twice and take the worse result for gunnery checks during this round (including checks for tracking weapons).
Pilot Actions
No skill check, regular movement
Maneuver (DC15 + 1.5xTier)
Move up to speed, reduce distance between turns by 1 (minimum 0).
Stunt (DC Varies)
Back off (Piloting DC10 + 1.5xTier) Move half speed backwards without turns. If fail, move back 1 hex only. Fail by 5 or more, no movement and -4 to AC and TL.
Barrel Roll (Piloting DC10 +1.5xTier, Large max size) Move half speed and facings inverted 1 round. Fail, no roll. Fail by 5 or more, no roll, -4 AC and TL.
Evade (Piloting DC10 + 1.5xTier) Move speed, +2 AC and TL. Fail, no bonus. Fail by 5 or more, still move but -2 AC and TL.
Flip and Burn (Piloting DC15 + 1.5xTier) Move half speed and turn 180°. Fail, no rotation.
Flyby (Piloting DC15 + 1.5xTier) Move normal, can move through enemy w/o provoking. During gunnery phase, choose one arc of ship to fire at enemy and treat as close range. If fail, gunnery phase is normal and movement provokes.
Slide (Piloting DC10 + 1.5xTier) Move up to speed in forward-port or forward-starboard direction w/o changing facing. Fail, move forward half speed w/o turns.
Turn in Place (


text:
Blockchain Enabled Intelligent Security M2M Framework for Law Enforcement
Artificial Intelligence is the next best asset in Law Enforcement applications. This disruptive technology can bridge many gaps that currently exist, i.e. the effectiveness in decision making in order to promote active and proactive policing. Despite how powerful AI can be, it cannot sustain a holistic system by itself. Combining Artificial Intelligence with Blockchain technology and a versatile M2M framework, a powerful tool can be created. BEISF idea promotes the concept of Smart & Safe Cities by utilizing all of the above technologies to bring a cutting-edge solution to support crime-fighting.
BEISF will be a flexible platform which integrates data from various sources (sensors, drones, security cameras, etc.) and feeds them to an AI mainframe. The AI mainframe will be responsible to educe safe conclusions and return them to its operator. Such conclusions may include a more effective LEA (Law Enforcement Agency) unit allocation, the course of a protest march, the estimated escape route of a running criminal, etc. Blockchain plays another major role in this platform, by ensuring the safety of the system's data transfer and messaging mechanism, making it safe from any potentially harmful interference. Thus, the system is self-protected by any potential abuse for malicious purposes.


Cerbera Odollam a.k.a
Suicide Tree
Plant Toxin
Reported by: Ruedas, Laurence N. and Teñido, Christene Q.
Cerbera Odollam
Cerbera Odollam
Kingdom: Plantae
Class: Eudicots
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Genus: Cerbera
Species: C. odollam
Common Names: Pong
Pong Tree
Status: Vulnerable
Cerbera odollam commonly known as
the Suicide tree, Pong-pong,
and Othalanga, is a species of tree native
to India and other parts of Southern Asia.
It grows preferentially in coastal salt
swamps and in marshy areas.
It grows wild along the coast in many parts
of Kerala, India and has been grown as a
hedge between home compounds.
Cerbera odollam tree is known by a
number of vernacular names depending
on the region.
 othalanga maram in the Malayalam
language used in Kerala, India
 kattu arali in the adjacent state of
 famentana, kisopo, samanta or tangena in
 pong-pong, buta-buta,bintaro or nyan in
Southeast Asia.
The kernels of C.odollam contain cerberin,
a potent alkaloid toxin
The poison blocks the calcium ion
channels in heart muscle, causing
disruption of the heart beat. This is most
often fatal.
Cerberin is difficult to detect in autopsies
and its taste can be masked with
strong spices.
CerberinC32H48O9
Cerberin is a cardiac glycoside, a
substance that blocks electric impulses in
the body (including the beating of the
 It is found in the leaves and the fruits of
plants in the genus Cerbera.
Cerbera Manghas
Cerbera Tanghin
Within an hour:
retching, nausea, vomiting and abdominal
pain occur
After few hours:
- patient becomes weak and drowsy and may
lapse into coma
- Bradycardia arrhythmia is the most obvious
Management consists of the elimination of
unabsorbed poison by stomach wash,
purgatives, bowel wash and correction of
bradyarrhythmias by intravenous atropine
(0.5 mg).
In severe cases, the drug has to be
repeated even at 15 minutes intervals or it
has to be administered as a continuous
drip. When bradycardia is not corrected by
atropine, the patient may require cardiac
Cerbera Odollam
~Making the History~
In 2004, a team led by
Yvan Gaillard of the
Laboratory of
Analytical Toxicology
in La Voulte-surRhône, France
documented more than
500 cases of fatal
Cerbera poisoning
between 1989 and
1999 in the south-west
Indian state
of Kerala alone.
The seeds also have a
long history as a
poison in Madagascar.
The poison was
responsible for the
death of 2% of the
population (3000
people per year,
50,000 per generation)
of the central province
of Madagascar.
Article Source:;id=_PHONE_


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Pertaining to the fibula or to the part of the leg containing it, the outside (lateral aspect) of the lower leg (that is, what anatomical terminology calls the leg, from knee to foot). from 19th c.
Referring to the region of the perineum.
"His bicycle seat produced a great deal of perineal discomfort."
"Many mothers find the use of perineal massage eases their childbirth."


Plant Nuclei Enrichment and Debris Removal with the WOLF Cell Sorter
Plant Nuclei Enrichment and Debris Removal with the WOLF Cell Sorter
Plant research has led to novel discoveries in health, agriculture and the environment. Flow sorting plant cells (protoplasts) can be challenging due to their fragility and large size. In addition, some downstream applications such as single-cell sequencing have cell size limitations. In instances where researchers are interested in examining the plant genome, flow sorting of plant nuclei instead of protoplasts can be a simple solution. However, obtaining and using a suspension of single plant nuclei via tissue homogenization can also provide challenges due to the large amount of irrelevant debris present in the homogenates. Cell sorters can be a valuable tool in preparation of samples of nuclei, by removing contaminating debris. However, traditional cell sorters that operate at high sample pressures have the potential to damage nuclei, particularly nuclei of species having large genomes or that are extensively endoreduplicated. The WOLF Cell Sorter uses a gentle sorting mechanism (< 2 psi) that can effectively remove debris from a target population without causing shear stress. Here, we demonstrate how the WOLF Cell Sorter can be used to remove debris and enrich for nuclei from plant tissue.
Leaf tissues from Roma tomato and Green Bell Pepper plants were processed into nuclear suspensions using a rapid chopping method (Galbraith, et al., 1983). Tissues were chopped in cold chopping buffer (PBS + 0.1% Triton-X-100) using a double-edged razor blade for around 1 minute. The homogenates were then filtered through a 20 µm Cell-Trics® filter to remove large debris and prevent clogging. A 10 mg/mL solution of DNAse-free RNAse A (2.5 µL/0.5 mL) was then added to the nuclear suspension and incubated on ice for 10 min. An aliquot of the sample was transferred into a new tube, stained with propidium iodide (PI) Ready FlowTM Reagent (ThermoFisher Scientific), and incubated for 15 mins at room temperature. The unstained control and the PI-stained sample were analyzed for PI fluorescence on the WOLF, using a FL2-H/FL3-H density plot (Figure 1) with a low FSC threshold of 10,000 to identify and eliminate signals from small debris. Nuclei were identified as PI-FL2+/PI-FL3+. 3000-5000 nuclei were sorted for each sample. Nuclei enrichment was then analyzed on the WOLF after sorting. To confirm that the nuclei were still intact after sorting, a sample was centrifuged at 300g for 5 minutes and then examined by microscopy.
Plant nuclei were identified using an unstained sample and FL2/FL3 parameters on the WOLF. Within the PI+ nuclei gate, a histogram plot with the PI-FL2 parameter shows discrete peaks of nuclei with different PI intensities (Figure 1). These peaks represent different discrete amounts of nuclear DNA content, corresponding to nuclei at different stages of the cell division cycle and therefore having different C-values, 2C and 4C in this case (Galbraith et al 1983, Galbraith 2009). Plant debris from tomato and green bell peppers were considerably reduced post-sort, with an average 3-fold decrease (Figure 2A). Interestingly, even using an unconventional PBS-based chopping buffer, the plant leaf nuclei also appeared intact and undamaged during analysis and following post-sorting (Figure 2B).
Enriching for plant nuclei can be challenging due to their fragility and the significant amount of debris present in the nuclei suspension. The chopping method (Galbraith, et al., 1983) is a rapid and gentle way to release nuclei from plant tissues with minimal damage; however, there is still plant debris left in the homogenate. Results from these experiments show that the WOLF Cell Sorter can serve as a robust clean-up step to remove debris and enrich for nuclei. In addition to sorting for all nuclei in the sample, the WOLF was also sensitive enough to detect different DNA content C-values within the population of nuclei. This allows sorting for nuclei with different DNA content for downstream cell cycle studies. In conclusion, without sacrificing the quality of nuclei, the WOLF Cell Sorter is an effective and gentle way to remove debris from plant nuclei samples.
Galbraith DW, Harkins KR, Maddox JM, Ayres NM, Sharma DP, and Firoozabady E (1983). Rapid flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle in intact plant tissues. Science 220(4601):_PHONE_. doi:10.1126/science._PHONE_.1049
Galbraith DW (2009). Simultaneous flow cytometric quantification of plant nuclear DNA contents over the full range of described angiosperm 2C values. Cytometry Part A 75(8):692–698. doi:10.1002/cyto.a.20760
Galbraith DW, Janda J, and Lambert GM (2010). Multiparametric analysis, sorting, and transcriptional profiling of plant protoplasts and nuclei according to cell type. In: Hawley T., Hawley R. (eds) Flow Cytometry Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology (Methods and Protocols) 699:407–429. Humana Press. doi:10.1007/978-1-61737-950-5_20
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During the session of the Section 2 "Traffic Safety", the Head of Road Equipment Department reported about the development of the first Guidelines for measuring the indicators of quality characteristics of traffic signs that was submitted for the review (MP В.2.3-37641918-902: 201Х): The Guidelines include the following:
- Measurement of chromaticity coordinates of retroreflective film;
- Determination of nominal light resistance of retroreflective film;
- Determination of the color of the body and the reverse side of traffic signs;
- Test of protective cover of the body of traffic signs;
- Determination of static resistance to liquids;
- Contrast of image elements of traffic signs;
- Requirements for resistance to climatic factors;
- Requirements for the adhesion strength of the glue layer of retroreflective film with the base of traffic sign;
- Composition and the scope of works performed during quality control of traffic signs;
- Requirements for safety and environmental protection, etc.
These Guidelines are applicable during quality control of traffic signs with the use of retroreflective film intended for informing the road users and for traffic modes and tests of materials thatare used for their manufacture.
For any questions about MP В.2.3-37641918-902: 201Х contact the Head of the Road Equipment Department Yurii Gostev , tel. +38 044 201 08 75, e-mail: _EMAIL_


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Give to OBFS
Field stations are places where scientists, educators, and students have access to ecosystems dedicated to scientific study along with state-of-the-art research facilities, classrooms and exhibits. Collectively, field stations host thousands of individual scientists and represent a major investment in scientific infrastructure, from land and laboratories to DNA sequencers, sensors, and personnel.
Biological field stations are grappling with many of the same issues as their local communities. Therefore, it is imperative to have leadership that can create a direct bridge between science and the decision makers who are enabled to address these challenges. The Organization of Biological Field Stations (OBFS) brings assets from our nation's field stations, as well as from field stations around the world, together to solve our most pressing environmental issues.
Your donations to OBFS will help us:
- Develop research, management, and educational collaborations that target our most significant environmental challenges and engage under-represented groups; and
- Engage in national and international conversations to communicate scientific findings to policy makers and raise awareness of the value of these sentinel sites and their application to national, international, and regional issues.
Thank you for your generosity!


Curtis' Botany Magazine
The Botanical Magazine or Flower-Garden Displayed, is an illustrated publication which began in 1787. The longest running botanical magazine, it is widely referred to by the subsequent name Curtis's Botanical Magazine. Each of the issues contains a description, in formal yet accessible language, and is renowned for featuring the work of two centuries of botanical illustrators. Many plants received their first publication on the pages, and the description given was enhanced by the keenly detailed illustrations. The first issue, published on 1 February 1787 was begun by William Curtis, as both an illustrated gardening and botanical journal. Curtis was an apothecary and botanist who held a position at Kew Gardens, who had published the highly praised (but poorly sold) Flora Londinensis a few years before. The publication familiarized its readers with ornamental and exotic plants, which it presented in octavo format. Artists who had previously given over their flower paintings to an affluent audience, now saw their work published in a format accessible by a wider one. The illustrations were initially hand-colored prints, taken from copper engravings and intended to complement the text. Identification by a general reader was given in exploded details, some of which were given as a section. This was accompanied by a page or two of text describing the plants properties, history, growth characteristics, and some common names for the species.
The first volume's illustrations were mostly by Sydenham Edwards. A dispute with the editors saw his departure to start the rival The Botanical Register. The credit for the first plate (Iris persica) goes to James Sowerby, as did a dozen of Edwards contributions. The first thirty volumes used copper engraving to provide the plates, the hand coloring of these was performed by up to thirty people. An issue might have a circulation of 3000 copies, with 3 plates in each. (Wikipedia)


1. Forum
 2. >
 3. Topic: Duolingo
 4. >
 5. Is French the longest tree?
Is French the longest tree?
It seems like French is the longest tree. All of my other ones are shorter.
May 17, 2017
I think Norwegian is the longest, followed by German.
I think the Italian tree is actually longer if we're talking about the number of lessons. I started both tress at about the same time and I've only done one brand new lesson per day in each language. At that pace it has taken about a year to get through the courses. I already finished the French tree about a month ago. I only have two lessons left in my Italian tree and will be done by tomorrow.
So, I think the Italian tree is longer than the French tree right now. I don't know if any other language trees are longer.
I'm guessing you're talking about the number of skills taught rather than words or lessons?
French: 78
Spanish: 61
Danish: 70
English: (Unsure) - What language are you learning from by the way?
Esperanto: 44
Swedish: 66
Irish: 64
So you were right. Out of the ones you're doing French is the longest. And while Esperanto was the shortest tree created so far, that record has now been broken by Japanese with 40 skills.
Found it out using this: _URL_
Hope that was useful.
I'm learning English from French.
The Ukrainian tree is fairly short, but I believe Esperanto is the shortest.
Esperanto (tomorrow Japanese) has the least skills but Turkish (tomorrow Japanese) has the least lessons.
Is there a discussion with the number of skills and lessons each course has (including ones for non-english speakers possibly)?
Thanks! Do you know any that show the number of words taught by each course?
German is the longest in lessons, but in words, Norwegian is the longest. (I think)


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Transit speed can be one of the most critical factors in determining a rider's public transit experience.
Riding in a bus traveling at walking speed is a major frustration that can be all too common, but flying past private vehicle traffic in a bus-only lane can make a passenger feel like the king or queen of their commute.
With a surge of federal infrastructure funding and new technology, planners today have a unique opportunity to improve transit speeds and, as a result, the overall usefulness of the transit systems. In this post, we'll talk about how planners can use accurate speed data to introduce a performance improvement cycle to make the most efficient and impactful investments in their systems.
Ridership has long been the top line metric for public transit agencies. But lately, chasing pre-pandemic ridership has felt like a misleading barometer to quantify public transit's value.
In the public transit industry, we all recognize that we're providing communities with an essential service: equitable, reliable, and clean transportation. In my previous role as a planner with the Chicago Transit Authority, I saw firsthand the vitality and economic opportunity that transit can bring to a city. Through the pandemic, travel patterns have changed in communities across the country, and the public transit industry needs to find new metrics to measure our value beyond just ridership.
Instead of just counting the number of riders, we can measure how transit systems improve access to opportunity. Over the past several years, the focus in the industry has begun shifting from how many people are utilizing the service? to what can riders use the public transit system to do? In an earlier post on this blog, we had a conversation on different ways agencies can quantify this impact, from the number of jobs accessible through the system to access to other destinations such as museums and sporting events.
Of course, one of the key factors in expanding access to opportunities with transit is the actual speed of a transit service. Faster travel times naturally allow riders to reach more destinations in a set amount of time, broadening the number of job opportunities or amenities that become accessible. Faster speeds can also reduce the resources required to provide the same level of service, leading to situations where agencies can reinvest savings into more frequent or expanded service.
Arriving full circle, rising speed lifts all boats. According to one UK agency's analysis, a 10 percent increase in average speed systemwide equated to roughly a 10 percent increase in ridership. Even as we seek out alternative metrics to measure the impact of transit, we can recognize the importance of attracting new riders. Faster speeds can fuel performance improvements that bring new riders to the system, sparking an upward swell instead of the dreaded downward spiral.
Transit planners are uniquely positioned to move the needle on transit outcomes through their contributions to improving bus speeds. Of course, you can't improve what you can't measure, and for projects aimed at improving transit speeds, that means evaluating historical speed data. These types of analyses allow planners to identify problem areas, target investments where they're needed most, and ensure implemented projects are meeting goals. Accurate, actionable insights about bus speeds can fuel this performance feedback cycle and pave the way for future projects.
PLAN > BUILD
Recent federal infrastructure funding offers a generational opportunity to plan and build new bus priority projects, and transit planners are often responsible for selling their solutions to stakeholders within their agencies, local government, and their broader communities. Without compelling data, it can be difficult to secure buy-in for projects that would improve transit speeds, whether a major BRT corridor or more modest, targeted improvement at the most congested intersections. Looking at detailed speed data allows planners to identify the most impactful locations for improvements and empowers them to move beyond anecdotes and towards fact-based analyses in their conversations with traffic engineers, elected officials, and the public.
EVALUATE > IMPROVE > CELEBRATE (THEN RINSE AND REPEAT)
Once a project has been implemented, speed data becomes just as critical to evaluate its impacts on performance. Without accurate, easy-to-access speed data, planners are unable to identify areas that may need further attention. Most importantly, they won't be able to celebrate any wins with external stakeholders.
In one example of this process in action, I recently worked with a large transit agency to evaluate the effectiveness of a recent transit signal priority (TSP) project along a major bus corridor. Their staff used Swiftly's Speed Map product to look at speed variability at TSP intersections and ultimately found an overall improvement, but up to 12 hours of latent daily delay. Using Swiftly's Speed Map data, planners then identified the worst performing TSP intersections to prioritize further analysis and targeted tweaks to the TSP settings and other transit-priority infrastructure at these intersections. Through this process, they are now able to focus their scarce time and resources on the most problematic intersections, potentially leading to further running time savings and opening up the option to increase service with their current resources. This type of analysis will continue to provide this team value as traffic patterns shift and subsequent transit-priority projects are planned and implemented.
Historically, planners have faced obstacles to conducting comprehensive speed analysis.
For one, planners haven't always had access to accurate and easy to use data. Speed data from legacy tools may need to be synthesized from raw data or manipulated manually in spreadsheets. This forces planners to become data scientists and makes it difficult or too time-intensive to do even the simplest analyses.
Second, there is a dearth of guidance for transit planners on how to use speed data. Much of the existing research and best practices for speed analyses are based on traffic engineering principles for roadway performance and private auto throughput.
Swiftly is addressing both of these challenges with new capabilities for Speed Map.
New metrics within Speed Map allow planners to evaluate the distribution of speeds in a given period with visualizations of the slowest speed (10th percentile), fastest speed (90th percentile), free-flow speed (85th percentile), and variability (ratio of median speed to the 85th percentile speed). These metrics help planners get a more robust window into the rider experience that goes beyond just a simple average.
Let's take a few examples:
All of these examples have real impacts on the passenger experience that may not be evident from looking at overall average speed. Previously, these analyses would take hours of work in spreadsheets or other tools with less intuitive data visualization. The new metrics in Speed Map will allow planners to incorporate best practices into their work in just a few clicks, enabling more rigorous evaluation to improve transit outcomes.
The true impact of speed data can sometimes be measured when it's placed alongside other datasets. Many transit data tools can make accessing data difficult, time consuming, or even impossible. Swiftly offers unlimited licenses and logins from anywhere with an internet connection, and now Speed Map users can easily download data through a CSV export.
CSV exports will include all relevant route, time, and location data as well as several additional speed metrics, allowing agency staff to analyze speed data in Excel, PowerBI, GIS tools, and traffic modeling tools. For example, planners can combine speed and ridership data to understand how many people are impacted by a slow bus at a specific intersection. Further analysis can include multiplying lost time in congestion by the number of passengers and an average value of time to summarize lost productivity due to slow buses. This type of analysis can be incredibly powerful when making the case for transit-priority improvements to external stakeholders.
Transit systems are vital to their communities, and we have the data to show it. As transit planners, we need to put this data front and center when we advocate for community buy-in for our proposed solutions. Similarly, we need to tout the tangible improvements from completed projects before we go back to the well for future support.
These new data sources are designed to help transit planners overcome the barriers to effective speed analysis and speak the language of traffic engineers, helping to advocate for, plan, build, and evaluate the most successful projects possible.
This article was originally published by Swiftly.
Use the form opposite to get in touch with Swiftly directly to discuss any requirements you might have.


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|Sightings||since 20th century|
|Weight/Lenght/Height||300 kg/5.5 m/2.1 m|
|Location||Southwestern Texas, USA|
The Mountain Boomer is a small sized (by dinosaur standards) bipedal dinosaur evolved from a Thescelosaurus-like ornithopod.
Female Mountain Boomers are generally 6 to 7 feet tall while smaller males are usually 3 to 5 feet high. The males have a more vivid coloration than the females. The Mountain Boomer are found everywhere ... but tend to nest in the more remote mountain regions where they sleep lives in caves or burrows. Its is extremely fast, swift and agile, easily being able to outrun a human or other predator. Additionally, it has a tremendous leap. The creatures are shy and reclusive, fleeing as defence. They have a strange wolf-like howl.


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Biostimulation with PRP in Valencia
What sets us apart from many clinics that offer this treatment of PRP biostimulation in Valencia is the way in which we process the blood samples, as there are few approved centrifuges in our country for this treatment, and it is very important that the whole process is carried out in the presence of the patient, as better results are achieved if there is little time between the blood collection and the application of the plasma.
The main advantages of this treatment is that as they are autologous (the patient's own material) they do not produce allergies or rejection. Therefore, as it is completely natural, it has no contraindications for anyone, and although the results can be seen in young people, it is from the age of 50 onwards when the effects on solar lesions and the effects of the passage of time are most evident.
PRP biostimulation is achieved by
Without disrupting your life


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But getting kids to choose fruit over the myriad other sweet temptations can be tricky. Here's a sneaky way to make an apple fun, and keep it fresh in a lunch box to boot!
Apples turn brown when they are cut because the enzymes and iron phenols in the fruit oxidize when exposed to air, basically causing the surface of the fruit to "rust." It's a protective mechanism against pests and pathogens, but doesn't really change the taste of the fruit. It's not very pleasing however, and while immersing the fruit (potatoes, bananas and pears, to name a few, are also prone to this "enzymatic bruising") in water or lemon will retard the effect, they can also make the fruit less pleasant to eat.
Try this at home!
|take a clean apple|
|make a cut straight across, next to the core|
|make the same cut|
|on each side|
|of the apple|
|the pieces will look like this|
|gather them back up to reform the apple|
|secure with a rubber band|
Voila! No oxidation!


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Norwegian Cancer Society
The Norwegian Cancer Society (NCS) is a voluntary, non-profit civil society organisation which works for cancer prevention and control in Norway and internationally. It contributes to targeted efforts in cancer information, prevention, advocacy, research, care, and international cooperation.
The Norwegian Cancer Society's main objectives are to ensure that:
- fewer people develop cancer
- more people survive cancer
- people affected by cancer have the best quality of life
The activities of the Norwegian Cancer Society are funded thanks to the generous contributions of its members, bequests, and allocations form the national lottery funds".


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A novel drug to prevent diabetes onset with potential to reverse the symptoms of metabolic disorder is being developed by a team of scientists. The team has developed soluble epoxide hydrolase or sEH inhibitor that prevent diabetes onset and reverse diabetes symptoms in obese mice. The study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The ongoing study is being conducted by Dr. Bruce Hammock at the University of California and Dr. Joan Claria at the University of Barlecona. In experimental studies, the enzyme inhibitor molecule significantly reduced inflammatory pain, inflammation and neuropathic pain symptoms.
According to Dr. Bruce, the study demonstrated the efficacy of new drug molecule in reduction of diabetes symptoms in experimental animals. The drug acts by stabilizing metabolites of omega-3 fatty acids, DHA and contribute to therapeutic effects, particularly in individuals with higher circulatory levels of omega-3 fatty acids.
Previous studies conducted by the team have shown that the drug reversed or reduced diabetes-associated complications such diabetic pain, hypertension, renal failures and arteriosclerosis.
In future medicine, sEH inhibitor is a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent obesity-related co-morbidities including diabetes, the author noted.
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Specifies how a user starts cell editing in the DataGridView control.
Assembly: System.Windows.Forms (in System.Windows.Forms.dll)
|Editing begins when the cell receives focus. This mode is useful when pressing the TAB key to enter values across a row, or when pressing the ENTER key to enter values down a column.|
|Editing begins when any alphanumeric key is pressed while the cell has focus.|
|Editing begins when any alphanumeric key or F2 is pressed while the cell has focus.|
|Editing begins when F2 is pressed while the cell has focus. This mode places the selection point at the end of the cell contents.|
|Editing begins only when the BeginEdit method is called.|
The following code example illustrates the use of this type. For more information, see How to: Specify the Edit Mode for the Windows Forms DataGridView Control.