text: This paper reports a study investigating the relationship between Internet identification, Internet anxiety and Internet use. The participants were 446 students (319 females and 127 males) from two universities in the UK and one university in Australia. Measures of Internet identification and Internet anxiety were developed. The majority of participants were NOT anxious about using the Internet, although there were approximately 8% who showed evidence of Internet anxiety. There was a significant and negative relationship between Internet anxiety and Internet use. Those who were more anxious about using the Internet used the Internet less, although the magnitude of effect was small. There was a positive and significant relationship between Internet use and Internet identification. Those who scored high on the measure of Internet identification used the Internet more than those who did not. There was also a significant and negative relationship between Internet anxiety and Internet identification. Finally, males had a significantly higher Internet identification score than females. Implications of these findings are discussed. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


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Inventory plays an important role in identifying which server we will need to deploy the application using Ansible. As a best practice, it is always good to use a separate inventory for pre-production (i.e. test environments and production environment application server details). As a standard, we use it to maintain Staging and Production Ansible inventory for test and production servers respectively.
Group Variables (group_vars)
Group variables contain all environmental variables as well as common variables. This is the place where we can store all template variables for each environment. While running an Ansible playbook, we will specify a limit, and based on that, Ansible will use the appropriate group variables.
Host Variables (host_vars)
All the application servers' IP addresses are stored in host_vars. In the runtime based on the inventory and limit environments, Ansible will identify the application server details from host_vars.
Vault is a password-protected file where deployment engineers store all clear text passwords. Vault has the capability to use its own encryption to protect our passwords. These passwords might include a deployment user password, service account password, database password, and a web service password. We can use ansible-vault create or edit for creating and modifying a vault respectively.
The application deployment process always follows a set of sequential instructions. In Ansible, each instruction has been defined under a role by the software engineers. Each role consists of three components: tasks, templates and files.
Tasks mainly perform a set of operations, which completely align with the roles objective. In order to perform the tasks, external files are kept under the files directory, and templates are kept under the templates directory. All operations under a particular task are furnished in the main.yml file.
For each application, all the environments have some common files. Some attributes of those common files are different based on their environment. We use templates to handle different environments with minimal changes. For example, say we have a database connection string defined in a file and that file must be deployed in all environments, but the database name in each environment is different. In that situation, the deployment engineer would create a template and keep the database name as a variable, and that variable defined under each environment group_vars along with their proper database name.
Any type of file used by a task is kept under that task role directory. It may be any executable like.sh,.exe,.dat or a simple.txt file. An example of the basic structure of an Ansible project is illustrated in Figure 2:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Lot 473. A rare ormolu-mounted Longquan celadon vase, Yuan dynasty (_PHONE_); overall 49.5 cm. Estimate: 60,000 - 80,000 HKD. Lot sold: 75,600HKD. Courtesy Sotheby's.
Provenance: Collection of Alberto Pinto.
Christie's Paris, 12th-14th September 2017, lot 885.
Note: A larger vase of this type in the Palace Museum, Beijing, is illustrated in Longquan qingci [Longquan celadon], Beijing, 1966, pl. 41; and vases also with their mouths reduced, in the Topkapi Saray Museum, Istanbul, are published in Regina Krahl, Chinese Ceramics in the Topkapi Saray Museum, vol. 1, London, 1986, nos 204 and 205. Smaller and simpler examples have been found on a shipwreck off the coast of Sinan, South Korea, datable to approximately the third decade of the 14th century, and were included in the Special Exhibition of Cultural Relics Found Off Sinan Coast, National Museum of Korea, Seoul, 1977, cat. no. 23.
Sotheby's. CHINA / 5000 YEARS, Hong Kong, 26 May 2021

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Inside, greeted by staff, then up to the top floor where the control room is situated adjacent to a large display area, the floor of which features a satellite map detailing the path of the system's main tunnel.
The system is designed to prevent flooding of the basin during typhoons and heavy rain events by draining water from four rivers spread across the region. Each of the rivers has a 32 metre diameter, 60-70 metre deep underground shaft into which water can be diverted. These silos are joined 50 metres below the surface by a 6.4 kilometre long, 10 metre diameter tunnel that feeds the final shaft, which in turn connects to one end of the giant pressure control/surge tank. The tank acts as a buffer to regulate the flow of water so that it can be pumped into the Edo River 江戸川 at up to 200 cubic metres per second.


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A little-known historical resource, burial registers provide a glimpse into the lives and conditions in early Singapore.
On 11 January 1924, amidst pouring rain, grave diggers at Bidadari Christian Cemetery lowered the bodies of Cecilia Lee Yew Seah, Jeanne Yon Ah Soo, M. Lee Yon Rie and Jules Hoh Chin into their shared final resting place. As two nuns in their black habits from the Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus (CHIJ) stood silently witnessing the burial of the four infants, the oldest of whom had only been seven months old, the gravediggers started shovelling soil back into grave number 363 of the French Roman Catholic Pauper division. This was their only burial of the day and they were eager to get out of the rain. After all, infants from the convent orphanage seemed to die like flies. The nuns would come again tomorrow to deliver more baby corpses for burial.
The Bidadari Christian Cemetery. Burial registers offer a glimpse into the lives and conditions of early Singapore life. Courtesy of National Archives of Singapore.
Cecilia Lee Yew Seah, Jeanne Yon Ah Soo, M. Lee Yon Rie and Jules Hoh Chin were individuals of no particular significance in Singapore's history. They were, however, four of the 584 infants buried in Bidadari Christian Cemetery in 1924, a year in which the cemetery recorded a total of 960 interments. Together with death certificates, birth certificates, grave inscriptions and obituaries, burial registers are commonly used to trace genealogy. However, the use of burial registers in writing social history has gone largely undiscovered. The astonishingly high number of infant deaths and the circumstances under which they died are but one of the fascinating stories that can be derived from the burial registers.
Burial Registers in Singapore
Among the sources that can be used in the writing of Singapore history, burial registers are unique. Factual by nature, morbid in character, burial registers present seemingly dry and dusty data sets that have the potential to reveal fascinating patterns about society upon further investigation. Although burial registers are useful in tracing genealogical ancestry, they are vastly overlooked resources in the construction of Singapore's social history.
The burial register, alternatively called a burial or cemetery record, comprises a list of people buried in a particular cemetery, where certain information is recorded according to state-dictated categories. These categories include the following:
- division of the cemetery where the deceased is interred
- grave number
- rank or profession
- married or single
- date of death
- date of interment
- name of deceased
- place of residence
- cause of death
Used in tandem with other "traditional" resources such as state records and newspapers, such records of deceased individuals that collectively formed society has the ability to "resurrect Singapore life as lived" while opening new areas of research.
In the past, as in the present, the state kept the burial registers for administrative purposes to account for every burial that took place. The British government initiated this system of record-keeping with the establishment of one of the first few public cemeteries in Singapore, the Bukit Timah Road Old Christian Cemetery in 1865. Such records were part of the mechanics of colonialism, which saw the gradual extension of the British government into documentation procedures such as census taking, standardising languages and keeping administrative records. The right to govern was determined by the knowledge that society could be understood and represented as "a series of facts" that classified the local population. Over time, the colonial government compiled and reproduced huge bodies of information that legitimised their right to rule and became the definitive body of knowledge upon which policies were based.
The legacy of colonialism has made historical inquiries into the lives of the early forefathers of Singapore much easier. The National Archives of Singapore maintains burial records (see Table 1) of all public and state-governed cemeteries, the earliest from the Bukit Timah Road Old Christian Cemetery. After its closure in 1907, other municipal cemeteries such as Bukit Brown Chinese Cemetery and the Christian, Muslim and Hindu sections of Bidadari Cemetery were established. These records end in the 1970s, when all burial grounds in and around the city area were closed to conserve "scarce and valuable" land given "the needs and pace of national development". An alternative was offered in the state-owned cemetery at Choa Chu Kang, which was erected in 1944 and included Hindu, Chinese, Buddhist, Christian, and Muslim cemeteries by the 1970s. This is the sole surviving public cemetery in Singapore and is still in use today. Its records stop in 1978, given the "25-year international archival benchmark" blocking access to unclassified public archives within that timeframe.
Living and Dying in Singapore: The Convent Orphanage
Early 20th-century Singapore was not a pleasant place to live in. In the rural plantations, there were dangerous animals, unsafe working conditions and tropical diseases to contend with. Such diseases were exacerbated a hundredfold within the overcrowded municipal limits, within which 83 percent of the population resided on 13 percent of the land area of Singapore. Poor sanitation, combined with overcrowded housing facilities, caused the rampant spread of diseases that periodically cut huge swathes through the population.
Burial registers illuminate the state of health in society, and are useful for recreating a more tangible lived experience of the inhabitants of Singapore. Health was recognised to be of paramount importance. For the Asian plebeian classes, health was the most important asset they possessed – "a man who sold his strength for a living ought guard his body: his physique was everything". To the British colonial government, healthy labourers had greater economic value and "health services were established and operated precisely to maintain health in order to meet the labour needs of the economy". Despite its importance, health was easily threatened by the high incidence of disease and mortality that was in many ways shaped by the "inequalities, powerlessness and poverty produced by the structures of colonialism". Examining colonial records such as burial registers and exploring the stories behind some of these data sets provide great insight into British attitudes towards the inhabitants of Singapore. Burial registers thus draw attention to the state policies and institutions that shaped the health environment of colonised subjects, and contribute to the construction of a social canvas of the lives and deaths of ordinary people of that time.
List of Burial Registers. National Archives of Singapore.
At a glance, the methodical listing and statistical nature of the burial records "silence the undocumented, ordinary and unremarkable lives and deaths of the men, women and children of the colonies". However, through an analysis of the categories of "age", "gender", "cause of death" and "residence", patterns of morbidity and mortality begin to emerge. Health and illness are "socially embedded phenomena" within these patterns and they "reflect the singular circumstances of time and place", which helps in understanding society at a particular point in time. This proves particularly relevant when examining the Bidadari Christian Cemetery burial records of 1924, which reveals an astonishingly high infant mortality rate originating from the convent orphanage.
Though 1924 had the lowest infant death rate in a decade, infant deaths still accounted for 25 percent of the total number of deaths in that year, a clear indication of the deadly effect of the external environment upon infants (defined as a baby between zero to one year old). The burial registers of the Bidadari Christian Cemetery in 1924 recorded a startlingly high number of 584 infant deaths out of 960 interments. Of these 584 infants, more than 80 percent, or 480 infants, had resided in the CHIJ convent in their tragically short lives. Only through the burial registers (see Table 2) do the shocking numbers of infant deaths come to light, allowing for an unravelling of the mystery surrounding the huge numbers of infant deaths from the convent.
Bidadari Christian Cemetery Burial Register, 1924.
The large numbers of infant deaths did not originate from the convent itself, a mission school established in 1854 by the Charitable Sisters of the Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus to "educate girls of all classes". The infant deaths came from the convent orphanage, which had been established together with the school. Unwanted babies, wrapped in newspapers or rags, were usually abandoned at the side gate of the convent, known as the "Gate of Hope". The name of the gate turned out to be an irony as the majority of babies abandoned there perished. Prior to their deaths, the babies were baptised into the Roman Catholic faith and were given French Roman Catholic names. This would account for the disproportionately large numbers of Christian deaths in the census report of 1921 when the Christian population of Singapore comprised only five percent of the population.
The Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus was also home to an orphanage. Many parents who were unable to care for their newborns left them at the Gate of Hope to be taken in by the sisters of the orphanage. Courtesy of National Archives of Singapore.
On the assumption that names were an accurate reflection of racial identity, of the 480 infant deaths, the majority were Chinese (467), whose race could be inferred from Chinese names such as Gabrielle Wong Quek Soo, Joseph Loh Kum Hong and Therese Koo Tiong. The large numbers of Chinese infant abandonments at the convent could be due to a variety of factors, but were in all likelihood linked to cost and cultural beliefs. Chinese families who abandoned their child were usually too poor to afford funeral expenses, and it was a common belief that a death in the house would bring misfortune. By abandoning their child at the convent, parents still had a thread of hope that their child would survive or, at the very least, be given a proper funeral. This led to the disproportionately large numbers of abandoned babies at the convent.
Sisters and orphans at the Convent


text:
MONTIVIDIU (AFP) – Inspecting a thriving green field, Brazilian farmer Adriano Cruvinel is beaming: Using a fraction of the chemical products he used to, he is growing even more soy, thanks to natural pesticides.
Agricultural powerhouse Brazil may be the world leader in chemical pesticide use, but Cruvinel is part of a growing trend of farmers turning to natural products known as "biopesticides".
"Our soy is doing great," said the 36-year-old agricultural engineer, giving a tour of his 1,400-hectare farm in the central-western county of Montividiu, as combine harvesters work their way across a field.
"Thanks to the microorganisms we apply to the crop, it's a lot more resistant to pests and disease."
Brazil, the world's biggest exporter of soy, corn and cotton, is also the top consumer of chemical pesticides: nearly 720,000 metric tonnes in 2021, or one-fifth of global sales, according to the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization.
Seeking to improve his profits, in 2016 Cruvinel started transitioning toward so-called "regenerative" agriculture.
The technique seeks to restore the soil's biodiversity, replacing chemical fertilisers and pesticides with natural alternatives.
He still uses genetically modified soy, widespread in Brazil. But near those fields he built an ultra-modern laboratory and factory.
Inside, refrigerators conserve fungi and bacteria, some harvested from forestland on his farm.
He cultivates them en masse in vats, then uses them to treat his fields.
"Here, we imitate nature on a giant scale," said Cruvinel, who has replaced 76 per cent of the chemical pesticides he formerly used with natural products.
The approach is good for health and the environment, but also business: His production costs have fallen by 61 per cent, while his soy yields have risen by 13 per cent, he said.
Natural pesticides "could revolutionise Brazilian and global agriculture", said researcher Marcos Rodrigues de Faria at Embrapa, Brazil's public agricultural research agency. But "there's a long way to go", he added.
Brazil still relies heavily on chemical pesticides, known here as "agrotoxicos", or "agri-toxic" products.
Natural products grew from four per cent of total pesticide sales in Brazil in 2020 to nine per cent in 2022.
Their use has expanded four times faster in Brazil than internationally, said Amalia Borsari, of CropLife Brasil, an organisation representing the agricultural chemicals industry.
"There has been exponential growth," she said.
Geographer Larissa Bombardi, an expert on pesticide use in Brazil, calls the trend "interesting".
But she said it is not yet changing Brazil's dominant model of massive, land-intensive mono-crop agriculture, which leaves little room for small-scale producers or more environmentally friendly practices.
"The surface area of land under cultivation in Brazil increased by 29 per cent from 2010 to 2019, while pesticide use increased by 78 per cent," she said.
The agribusiness sector accounts for nearly a quarter of Latin America's biggest economy, making the pesticide debate politically charged.
After a long standoff with Congress, where agribusiness interests are a powerful force, President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva signed a bill into law in December softening regulations on agricultural chemicals.
The veteran leftist used his line-item veto to block some controversial aspects of the bill. But the final text significantly lowered the bar for regulatory approval of new pesticides, drawing scathing criticism from environmentalists.
Chemicals that can cause cancer and mutations or harm the environment are no longer automatically banned – only those found to represent an "unacceptable risk".
Bombardi calls the law a "tragedy" and "a gift to the agribusiness and agricultural chemicals industries".
The stakes go beyond Brazil.
The country's massive use of pesticides is one of the main objections voiced by opponents of a landmark trade deal between the European Union and South American bloc Mercosur, in which Brazil is the biggest player.


text:
To run newlead, you need to 1) Create a folder (e.g., C:\Newlead) and copy two folders: data bin from the unzipped distribution there. 2) define the NEWLEAD_ROOT environment variable as the location of the data folder, and add the location of the bin folder to the "Path". Environment Variable ==================== The instructions on how to add Environment Variables under Windows can be found by searching Google:
windows environment variables,for example: _URL_ To view or change environment variables: 1. Right-click My Computer, and then click Properties. 2. Click the Advanced tab. 3. Click Environment variables. 4. Click one the following options, for either a user or a system variable: * Click New to add a new variable name and value. * Click an existing variable, and then click Edit to change its name or value. * Click an existing variable, and then click Delete to remove it. For the example given in 1), the NEWLEAD_ROOT variable would be: NEWLEAD_ROOT=C:\Newlead\data Path ==== The %Path% is one of Window's Environment Variables. Instructions on how to change %Path% under Windows can be found by searching Google: windows path variable,for example, at: _URL_ _URL_ Essentially, %PATH% is one of windows environment variables, and if you follow instructions above for setting %NEWLEAD_ROOT%, just Edit the %PATH% variable, append the location of bin folder (e.g.: C:\Newlead\bin) using a semicolon (;) as a separator.


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I have heard that there is no limit on the growth of trees, but then why do some trees, such as boxelders and poplars, tend to live shorter than redwoods, for example? Some advertisements for improved lombardy poplars state that their trees have an extended life span, up to 75 years?
Although most plants can potentially reproduce sexually, there are some plants that effectively always reproduce by shedding off branches that when fall in the right conditions, grow into new 'clones' of the same tree, which the exact genetic material. In these cases, it is advantageous for the tree to be able to survive as long as possible. Plants that reproduce sexually by the cross of two different individuals have a recombined genetic material in every generation, and the survival of that plant with that new genome is usually shorter.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Find P. digitalis in sunny location to partial shade in moist areas, prairies or open woodlands. Its erect, 2-5 ft. stems are topped with stalked clusters of white, tubular, unevenly five-lobed flowers. Blooms between May and July. Foliage can be semi-evergreen in the South.
The tuft of hairs on the anthers may be important in pollination of Foxglove. The hairs rub against the backs of bees and other insect pollinators that visit the plant and cause the anthers to bend in such a way as to deposit pollen on the backs of the insects.


text:
In applications such as compilers and theorem provers, we often want to match a target term against multiple patterns (representing rewrite rules or axioms) simultaneously. Efficient matching of this kind is well studied in the theorem prover community, but much less so in the context of statically typed functional programming. Doing so is the topic of this talk and yields an interesting new viewpoint – one marrying up datatype-generic derivation of generalized tries with datatype-generic operations for using said tries as a term index data structure, providing efficient matching lookup of a query term against indexed patterns.
We start by reviewing Ralph Hinze's work "Generalizing generalized tries" as an introduction to both polytypic (or datatype-generic) programming in Haskell and generalized tries: Tries keyed by data types instead of strings of symbols. After studying examples for some concrete data types and their corresponding lookup function, we examine how Hinze manages to derive generalized tries for arbitrary first-order polymorphic datatypes.
After this review, we discuss how to extend the polytypic formulation to cope with syntax trees, that is, datatypes with variable occurrences and binding constructs. The challenge is in performing lookup modulo alpha-equivalence by doing de Bruijn numbering on the fly, as well as in encoding the binding constructs in the datatype-generic sums-of-products schema language.
Finally we go beyond one-to-one, exact lookups by storing (pattern,value) associations in our trie data structure, where each pattern may specify and mention a number of (first-order) unification variables. We use this trie as a term index, where a query with a given ground term against the index retrieves all (pattern,value) pairs of which the query term is a unification instance. Our unique achievement is that the query term is not copied during look up.
As expected, performance measurements indicate that our tries can significantly outperform ordered maps and hash maps for exact lookups of terms. We haven't yet put our matching triemap implementation to use in the Glasgow Haskell Compiler (GHC), but eventually plan to do so, replacing linear searches in the process.
We conclude by comparing our encoding of a term index to other Haskell libraries, as well as to discrimination trees, the encoding that is closest to our trie data structure in automated reasoning literature. We'll see that the dataype-generic encoding in Haskell admits (minor) safety guarantees compared to the untyped string representation of the term the discrimination tree operates on. The generic encoding also allows for bespoke data structures depending on the term sort.
Sat 22 JanDisplayed time zone: Eastern Time (US & Canada) change
13:30 - 14:45
Session 3WITS at Salon III
Chair(s): Jesper Cockx TU Delft, Richard A. Eisenberg Tweag
|Tries that matchRemote|
Sebastian Graf Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
|Gotta prove fast: building an ecosystem for effortless native compilation of tacticsRemote|
Sebastian Ullrich Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
|Benchmarking Binding (discussion)In-Person|
Stephanie Weirich University of Pennsylvania
|Fancy module systems (discussion)Remote|
Jesper Cockx TU Delft


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 - Text Compare multiple files with different file names
 I have 2 folders each with 70 pdf files, but different file names. I suspect that the content of the PDF is the same. For example in Folder A there is a file names 0013 Receipt and in Folder B 0013 Import. I figured out how to text compare one-to-one and they are the same for the first few files I reviewed one-to-one.
 Is there a way to simultaneously select all 70 files in each folder for text compare?
 Please keep in mind I have little to no experience in BC and no scripting knowledge.
 Thanks.
 - #2
 Hello,
 Yes, if the files are aligned and have equal names, but No if the file names are all different and marked as orphans (unaligned). How did you perform the Text Compare on the "first few files"? Manually selected two orphan files with different names, right clicked, and Quick Compare?
 We do have an Align With command which can align files of different names manually. We also have a Pro feature called Alignment Overrides that can create a rule to align different names that match the rule. For example, if all of your files are Number Receipt and Number Import, we could define something similar to * Receipt = * Import to align them. If the names vary greatly or randomly, this might not work.
 If you could post or email us a full screen screenshot of your current Folder Compare showing several of the files you want to align, I can help provide more specific information. If you email us privately at _EMAIL_, please also include a link back to this forum thread in the email, for our reference.
 Aaron P Scooter Software
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 - #3
 Thanks for the quick response and the info. I will play with "Align With." I selected Text Compare from the dashboard and manually selected each file. Unfortunately, I'm unable to share my screenshot unless I change the file names. There is more variety in the files name, I generalized the file names for the example I used.
 Again, thanks. BTW I've only had BC for a few weeks and have found it useful and easy to use from the start. I have a desktop label maker that is more complicated.
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 - #4
 In case you wanted to try the Folder Compare's Session Settings, Misc tab: new Alignment Override, you can use this KB article to trial Pro mode for free:
 _URL_
 Aaron P Scooter Software
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text:
To avoid spoilage characters and hours of work on starter cultures in the cold days ahead, it is important to acknowledge sluggish ferments early and act quickly with the appropriate rescue yeast.
Fermichamp has the specific ability to metabolise fructose (the dominant sugar found in most stuck ferments) in high alcohol conditions. Early intervention on ferments that are slowing and at risk of becoming stuck can produce results with very little negative impact and save extra effort if intervention is left too late.
Fermichamp is a great solution for problem fermentations. Designed to metabolize fructose in high alcohol conditions (up to 17%), it is the ideal yeast for problem fermentations.
Fermichamp restarts stuck fermentations and allows complete sugar consumption providing slow, steady kinetics after restarting. It produces 16.5 g sugar for 1% alcohol under optimum temperature range of 15 to 30 °C. Fermichamp is resistant to free SO2 up to 50 mg/L.
One of the other great benefits of using Fermichamp is that it preserves the specific characteristics of the must when restarting fermentation, without producing secondary aromas. Fermichamp is available in 500 g packs.
Detoxifying must and wine
The removal of fatty acids and pesticide residues is another important step that can assist in remediating stuck ferments. In the event of sudden onset stuck fermentation or problem musts it may be advantageous to include a yeast hull product such as Extraferm.
This ferment product has the ability to remove toxic compounds and improve fermentation conditions, thus improving yeast performance, as well as mouth feel.
Extraferm improves fermentation conditions and performance through its alcohol tolerance and viability to allow complete fermentation, as well as removing toxic compounds from must and wine such as fatty acids and pesticides. It also aids the removal of compounds toxic for human consumption such as ochratoxin A.
Extraferm 1kg and 10kg come in gas proof laminated bags to prevent product contamination during storage.
Copyright© 2012 Vintessential Laboratories. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the permission in writing from the copyright owner.


text:
Sufficient statistics for ABC
The issue of picking quasi-sufficient statistics in ABC algorithms is quite important and Joyce and Marjoram have published (last August, sorry I'm late!) a proposal in Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology that is addressing this issue, at least to the extend that the inclusion of a new statistics within the set of summary statistics can be assessed in terms of likelihood ratio. There are difficulties with the method, first and foremost that the construction of the statistics is not discussed, while the method is not independent from parameterisation, and also that the order in which the statistics are considered is determinant for their inclusion/exclusion. A regularisation of the method proposed at the end of the paper is to use a forward-backward selection mechanism. This does not address another issue, namely the impact of the correlation between the summary statistics. Note at last that the method still depends on an approximation factor that needs to be determined by the statistician/experimenter running the algorithm.


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Speech to Song illusion
Memory for Musical Tones
Pitch of Speech in Tone Language
Speech to Song illusion
The Speech-to-Song Illusion was discovered by Diana Deutsch in 1995, when she was fine-tuning the opening spoken commentary on her CD 'Musical Illusions and Paradoxes'. She had the phrase 'Sometimes behave so strangely' on a loop, and noticed that after a number of repetitions, the phrase sounded as though sung rather than spoken. Later she included this illusion in her CD 'Phantom words and other curiosities', accompanied by the following commentary:
In our final demonstration, speech is made to be heard as song, and this is achieved without transforming the sounds in any way, or by adding any musical context, but simply by repeating a phrase several times over. The demonstration is based on a sentence at the beginning of the CD Musical Illusions and Paradoxes. When you listen to this sentence in the usual way, it appears to be spoken normally - as indeed it is. However, when you play the phrase that is embedded in it:'sometimes behave so strangely' over and over again, a curious thing happens. At some point, instead of appearing to be spoken, the words appear to be sung, rather as in the figure below.
Here is the full sentence followed by the phrase played repeatedly:
And here is the phrase as it is generally heard after it has been played repeatedly:
Now here again is the exact same sentence as you just heard. You will probably find that it begins by sounding as speech, just as before. But when you come to the phrase that had been repeated, it suddenly appears to burst into song.
The effect was investigated in detail by Deutsch, Lapidis, and Henthorn (2008), and Deutsch, Henthorn and Lapidis (2011).
In our first experiment we tested three matched groups of subjects, and presented each group with a different condition. The subjects all listened to the full sentence and then to ten presentations of the phrase. During each pause between presentations they judged on a five-point scale whether they heard the phrase as exactly like speech, like speech, like either speech or song, like song, or exactly like song.
In all conditions, the first and last presentations were identical, and we examined the effects of two manipulations of the intervening presentations on the subjects' judgments. In the first condition, the intervening presentations were exactly as the original. In the second, they were transposed slightly, so that the pitches differed but the pitch relationships were preserved. In the third, the intervening presentations were not transposed, but the syllables were presented in jumbled orderings.
The above graph compares the effects of having the intervening repetitions exactly as the original, as compared with being transposed slightly. As can be seen, when the repetitions were exact, perception moved solidly from speech to song. However, when the repetitions were transposed slightly, although ratings moved slightly towards song, they remained solidly in the speech region.
The above graph shows the effect of having the intervening repetitions consist of the same syllables in jumbled orderings, again compared with having the repetitions exactly as the original. We can see that here there was no transformation from speech to song. So it seems that, in order for this transformation to occur, the phrase needs to be repeated exactly, without transposition, and without changing the ordering of the syllables.
So we can then ask: What do the subjects actually hear when they say that they are hearing song? To find out, we recruited 11 female subjects who had had experience with singing in choirs or choruses, and tested each subject in isolation from the others. We had them listen to the full sentence and then to the phrase repeated ten times, and asked them to reproduce the phrase exactly as they had heard it.
Here are the reproductions of six of the subjects played in sequence. As is evident, although the phrase was spoken, the subjects reproduced it as song.
And here are the reproductions of all 11 subjects, digitally mixed together so that they are played as a chorus. (A small amount of reverberation has been added, but otherwise the sounds are exactly as they were recorded.)
But one might then wonder whether these subjects could have heard the phrase as sung the first time they heard it. So we recruited another set of 11 subjects on the same basis, and also tested them in isolation from each other. This time we played them the full sentence followed by the phrase presented only once, and asked them to reproduce the phrase exactly as they heard it. Here are the reproductions of six of these subjects played in sequence.
And here are the reproductions of all 11 subjects, again digitally mixed together so that they are played as a chorus. This confirms our finding from the rating experiment that when the phrase is heard only once, it is perceived as speech rather than song.
To make sure that these subjects were able repeat the pitches after a single hearing, we then had them listen only once to the phrase as sung rather than spoken, and again asked them to repeat back exactly what they had heard. Here are the reproductions of the same six subjects that you just heard, and you can see that they had no problem reproducing the sung melody.
The red line in the above graph shows the average pitch of each syllable, averaged over the 11 subjects who repeated back the spoken phrase after having heard it 10 times. The blue line shows the average pitch of each syllable, averaged over the other set of 11 subjects, who repeated back the same spoken phrase after having heard it only once. As can be seen, the reproductions of the two groups were very different.
The red line in the above graph again shows the average pitch of each syllable in the spoken phrase, averaged over the 11 subjects who repeated it back after having heard it 10 times. The green line shows the average pitch of each syllable, averaged over the other set of 11 subjects, who repeated back the sung phrase when it had been presented only once. Notice that there is a remarkable correspondence between these two plots, showing that the subjects' perceptions of the sung phrase were very similar to those of the subjects who had instead heard the spoken phrase repeated 10 times, and quite different from their own perceptions of the spoken phrase when they had heard it only once.
To conclude, this illusion is in line with what philosophers and musicians have been arguing for centuries, that strong linkages must exist between speech and music. We still need to determine the neural processes that are responsible for this striking perceptual transformation. However, the present experiments show that for a phrase to be heard as spoken or as sung, it does not need to have a set of physical properties that are unique to speech, or a different set of physical properties that are unique to song. Rather, we must conclude that, assuming the neural circuitries underlying speech and song are at some point distinct and separate, they can accept the same input, but process the information in different ways so as to produce different outputs. As a further point, this illusion demonstrates a striking example of very rapid and highly specific perceptual reorganization, so showing an extreme form of short term neural plasticity in the auditory system.
This illusion has been featured in numerous radio broadcasts, notably the WNYC Radio Lab interview(NPR)with Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich.
It has also been featured in several videos. For example, the video below features the illusion being experienced by the fifth graders of Atwater School, Shorewood, Wisconsin. Video created by their music teacher Walt Boyer, posted with permission.
Psychology Home Page | Diana Deutsch's Psychology Web Page


text:
Ethical Travel in China
With tourism growing at such a rapid rate, it is imperative that travelers take steps to maximize the positive influences of their trip on the economy, culture, and environment of their destination. This article provides suggestions for the ethical traveler and offers examples from my own experiences of living in China.
1. Learn about China. Before your trip read up on China's history, politics, and economy. This will help you to understand what you see in China, and will also minimize culture shock after arrival. It is respectful to be aware of topics that are sensitive in China; some Chinese are offended and embarrassed by conversation about Tibet, Taiwan, and religious cults. It is also important to learn a few words and phrases in Mandarin to aid communication. This will be a good way to make friends, and the Chinese respect and admire travelers who can speak the language—even a few sentences can make a big impression. Learning English is popular in China, and many people are eager to introduce themselves in order to practice their oral English skills. Offer to help and be patient; realize that people may be nervous when talking to foreigners.
2. Contribute to the local economy. China is bustling with both national and multinational companies that provide useful goods for visitors. However, think carefully about who benefits from the money you spend. In order to contribute to the local economy stay in local guesthouses, eat in local restaurants, shop at local markets, consume local goods, and buy handcrafted products. Most attractions, such as museums, charge an entrance fee. Consider giving money to free attractions if a donation box is available.
3. Fair Bargaining. Haggling over the price of goods is both common, and expected; indeed, Chinese shoppers and traders often enjoy the process. While you shouldn't shy away from bargaining, do it fairly. Find out the realistic prices of goods and don't worry if you are slightly overcharged. A small amount of reminbi—especially for local market stallholders—can go a long way. Also be aware that some shops, especially supermarkets, do not allow bargaining and instead quote real prices.
4. Contribute positively to the local environment. Consider the effect tourism has on your destination, and make a plan to minimize your impact. For example, switch off electrical and gas appliances when not in use, and take a shower rather than a bath. Make an effort to visit attractions that directly contribute to the preservation of the earth's resources, such as nature reserves, animal sanctuaries, and activities organized by local charities.
5. Respect Chinese customs and culture. It is important to understand and respect the customs, culture, and religious beliefs of different groups within China. Many irritations and complaints reported by foreigners can be explained by lack of knowledge. Some behavior considered antisocial and rude in the West is considered normal in China. Examples include spitting in buses, restaurants, and at home; speaking loudly; intense curiosity with foreigners, including staring; different table manners; and asking personal questions.
6. Choose an ethical travel agent. It is worthwhile finding out more about ethical travel, which is now a growing industry. Use travel agents and tour operators with established ethical policies. You could go one step further and plan your trip around a program that offers responsible alternatives to conventional holidays, such as volunteering. Examples include community development and education; teaching English to disadvantaged children; caring for orphans or the disabled; building homes and communities; wildlife conservation; staying at eco-friendly hostels; and visiting locations that use tourism to replace activities such as forest logging.
7. Promote China. In the West some people develop biased assumptions about China that are based on unrepresentative information sources such as media reports. Your trip will show you otherwise. The country's rich cultural diversity, unique history, exuberant festivals, hospitality, and mouth-watering cuisine will leave you craving more. For some, China becomes a life-long passion. So when you return, tell people about the realities of the country and encourage them to visit and see for themselves. The more people who visit, the more who will benefit from the cultural delights that China offers.
For More Info
Travelers have a growing number of responsible travel options that enable closer interaction with local cultures and environments. The online travel agent ResponsibleTravel.com lists ethical travel programs in China and other countries; and the Northwest Yunnan Ecotourism Association (_URL_) promotes ecotourism opportunities in China's northwest Yunnan region.
Why not stay in the Wenhai Ecolodge, a community-owned scenic mountain ecolodge in Yunnan province in southwest China? This mountain retreat has sustainable energy systems and directly benefits local people, because they manage the lodge. Book through _URL_ or through _URL_. Or, contact Wenhai Ecolodge directly at _EMAIL_ or _EMAIL_; Manager Cun 011-86-_PHONE_ (English), 011-86-_PHONE_ (Chinese only).
What about trying something more adventurous, such as being involved in giant panda conservation in the Qinling Mountains or working in the museum of the Terracotta Warriors (considered by many to be the eighth wonder of the world)? Learn more about participating in Giant panda conservation at _URL_ Or, contact: Foping National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau, No.12 Huangjiawang Rd., Foping County, 723400 Shaanxi Province, P.R. China; _EMAIL_, tel. 011-86-_PHONE_ / _PHONE_.
Looking for gap year ideas? Projects Abroad (_URL_) arranges placements in the areas of teaching, community care, conservation, animal care, business, journalism, and medicine in China and 20 other countries. The projects allow direct involvement in local communities and look great on your CV.


text:
Colonel Tommy Tomorrow is a young space-faring adventurer from the future.
Tommy operated as a space patrol officer in a organization known as the Planeteers and received orders from a superior known only as "Commander". Captain Brent Wood was Tommy's co-pilot and the duo shared many adventures.
Tommy is the man who might have been Kamandi if the Great Disaster had occurred. He became a orphan after the death of his grandfather Buddy Blank. Tommy was found by General Horatio Tomorrow in the bunker named Command D, and sent to a domed orphanage in an asteroid. The lad's intelligence and talent with science impressed the general, who adopted him (other sources establish that Tommy was adopted by a scientist and his wife). Tommy graduated with honors in Spaceport (the Planeteers Academy) and soon rose up to rank of colonel. Tommy is single.
- Hand-to-Hand Combat (Basic)
- Gadgetry: He was a inventor since his infancy.
- Singing: He had a short but successful career as a singer, but he gave up due his work with the Planeteers.
- Mimicry: He can imitate the voice of other people.
- Ring-Radio: It permits Radio Communication and shoot out a small atomic flame.
- Personal Diary: This device records videos and can be used as a projector.
- Darkness Flash: Generates a darkness field.
- Fluoroscopic Spectacles: It permits to the wielder to see invisible force-beams.
- Space Ace: Tommy Tomorrow patrolled the reaches of outer space in his personal space craft the Space Ace.
- Jet Pack
- Ray-Gun: able to melt bullets before they reach the wielder.
- Atomic Grenade
- This version of Tommy Tomorrow, including all history and corresponding appearances, was erased from existence following the collapse of the original Multiverse in the 1985–86 Crisis on Infinite Earths limited series. Even though versions of the character may have since appeared, this information does not apply to those versions.
- Tommy Tomorrow was regularly featured in back-up stories in Action Comics.
- Crisis on Infinite Earths: Absolute Edition established that some of Tommy Tomorrow's adventures happened on Earth-54 given they happened in the 20th century while the later stories were set in the 21st century. Beginning with Action Comics #149, Thomas Tomorrow's adventures were set in 2050. Eventually this was revealed as an Earth-One alternate future counterpart to Kamandi.
- Tommy Tomorrow is also known as the Ace of Space and Space Convict X-146-93.
- 148 Appearances of Thomas Tomorrow (Earth-One)
- 2 Images featuring Thomas Tomorrow (Earth-One)
- 4 Quotations by or about Thomas Tomorrow (Earth-One)
- Character Gallery: Thomas Tomorrow (Earth-One)


text:
A ground-breaking study has found that one in five samples of Australian honey is fake, including boutique expensive brands.
The study, conducted at Macquarie University by a team of scientists, tested five raw honey samples and 95 local and global-branded honey, of which 27 percent were found to be adulterated.
More than half of the 100 global sourced samples found that honey from Asia, mainly China, had been mixed with other non-honey substances.
However, of the 38 Australian honey samples that were tested from supermarkets, 18 percent identified adulteration.
According to The Age, Victoria, Queensland, NSW and Tasmania are the four states implicated.
The results state that of all the Australian honey samples that were found to be adulterated, 23 percent belonged to Tasmania, one out of two were found from NSW, 29 percent of Victoria's honey was found to be fake and a third of the six samples from Queensland were not pure honey.
The samples from South Australia and Western Australia found pure honey.
The high-security government lab that tested the honey, the National Measurement Institute, is also used to test drugs by Border Force. The scientific team, led by Professor Mark Taylor and PhD student Xiaoteng Zhou, also highlighted issues with mis-labelling of geographic regions.
In regards to imported honey, the findings were released just weeks after a joint investigation by Fairfax and the ABC's 7:30.
"Blended honey of unknown origin has been known to contain antibiotics, toxins, irradiated pollen or even alkaloids with the potential to cause organ damage," the study said.
The findings are expected to put pressure on authorities to begin testing local honey.
Peter McDonald, the chairman of the Australia Honey Bee Industry Council (AHBIC), said authorities have not tested local honey.
"It is up to the individual companies that actually buy the honey to then test," McDonald said.
"I am fully confident that the Australian honey bee industry is clean and green and we have the best product in the world."


set is cubical if it can be written as a finite union of elementary cubes. For example, one may consider pixels as elementary cubes. More precisely, let be a pixel of a 2D binary image. We view as an elementary cube. Binary images are unions of cubes of types, and hence, binary images are cubical. By way of notation we define the set. Now that we have a basic topological framework, we seek to provide a complementary algebraic framework. For this, we fix a ring and cubical set. We define the -th chain module over, denoted to be the formal span of its elementary cubes of dimension. In other words, by defining, where is the number of non-degenerate intervals in, we see
Note that since is finite, this defines an -module for each. Each element of a chain module is called a chain. The support of a chain is simply the elementary cubes with nonzero coefficients. Naturally then, we would like some way to connect these chain modules over all dimensions. To do this, we need the algebraic boundary map,. We define this map in pieces. For any interval, and for every degenerate interval. Now that we understand the map for intervals, we define for elementary cubes:
where if we have
and in the case is degenerate, we obtain. A fundamental proposition of boundary maps is the following.
Proposition 1.
[24] For any elementary cube, one has.
In fact, this operator extends naturally to a linear operator on the chain modules. In particular, given a chain [24] we see
Thus we see = 0. Notice also a single application of reduces the embedding dimension by at least 1. This means now is a map from the -chain module to the -chain module. Thus given a cubical set we can construct the chain complex which is the collection of all -chain modules along with their boundary maps along with the zero space. To avoid notation overload, we will write for when the context is clear. We can realize a chain complex as the following sequence
Now we call the kernel,, of the -th boundary map to be the -cycles or just cycles and the image to be the -boundary or just boundary. Notice that because we have is a normal additive subgroup of. Hence we define the homology group of to be
This gives rise to the mantra: "homology equals cycles mod the boundaries." We call the rank (or order) of the -th homology group the -th Betti number and write. Intuitively, the -th Betti number tells us how many -dimensional holes our underlying space has. The -th level Betti number counts the number of connected components, the first level Betti number counts the number of "circles" we have and the second level Betti number counts the number of "air pockets" or "spheres" the space has and so on.
4.3 Persistent Homology
At this point, we see the formal definition of Betti number and how to count them for a given set. The main application in this paper is to analyze texture images. However, we cannot directly compute or define the homology of a grayscale or color image, since grayscale or color images are functions rather than sets. This naturally leads to the development of the persistent homology.To study the shapes of functions, one common way is to consider sublevel sets (4.1) [20, 21]. There is a parameter that one may have to make the choice of. In general, selecting a parameter (such as in (4.1)) can be a difficult task. Persistent homology removes the need for choice and considers many parameter values at once, thereby creating a robust theory.
Figure 2: A grayscale image from Outex and a filtration representing the image
We need to be careful about the way we consider many threshold values. Suppose represents a cubical set and let represent the corresponding cubical complex. We define a function and require that whenever, we have. Such a function is called a filtering function. Let be a finite increasing sequence of real numbers where. Then a filtration of is the corresponding sequence. An image has a natural filtration associated to it by considering the sequence. We create a filtering function for by the function.
Suppose that we have a filtration of a cubical complex,
The inclusion induces homomorphism between the homology groups so that for each we have
where each is a homomorphism. We say a homology class is born at if we have and. We say dies at if and one of the following hold:
 - is trivial; or
 - if is born at and is born at and.
In the last condition we employ the elder rule, which allows us to uniquely define the death of a class. This rule says in the choice between two classes, we choose to keep the "oldest" class. We can guarantee that every homology class for some has a birth time. We cannot guarantee that each class has a death time. For such classes, we assign the "death time" as. This procedure allows us to define a unique set of points for each homology class where is the birth time of the class and is its death time. We will define the persistence diagram, but first let us recall the concept of a multi-set. A multi-set is a set along with a multiplicity function, we denote a multi-set by the tuple. Suppose we have a filtering function of a cubical set. A persistence diagram is a multi-set where consists of all unique birth-death pairs along with the diagonal and assigns the multiplicity of the birth-death pairs and for each diagonal element. An example of a diagram can be found in Figure 3(c)-(d). We will often denote by when the context is obvious. Figure 3 shows an example of persistence diagrams of a grayscale image. Although Figure 3(a) is a grayscale image, visual inspection suggests that there are "white" pieces and "black" holes. Its persistence diagrams as shown in Figure 3(c)-(d) confirms the intuition. There are () points that are away from the diagonal line in (), and that suggests they persist for a long period of thresholds. Hence, they are likely the robust features.
We would like to know that this summary of our data is stable in some sense. For us, this means that if we perturb the original points by a small amount, we want the diagrams to different by a small amount. This so-called stability theorem is the cornerstone of persistent homology. A natural question arises: how can one measure the difference of persistence diagrams?
To answer this question we turn our attention to the Wasserstein p-metric for, which we define as follows. Given two diagrams and
for and
The Wasserstein -metric is also known as bottleneck distance. The Wasserstein distance searches over all possible pairings to find an optimal one. It should be noted that an optimal pairing is not necessarily unique. Given the necessity of the bijections, it now becomes apparent, why we need the diagonal to have infinite multiplicity. Otherwise, a pairing would not be possible. This brings us to the popular stability theorem that states that the bottleneck distance is 1-Lipschitz with respect to the -norm on the filtering functions. That is to say if is a cubical set then
The proof of which first appeared in [12]. We end this section with a note that cubical homology and sublevel sets are just one example of many processes by which persistence diagrams arise. In the following section, we will present persistence curves, which rely on persistence diagrams and not the process by which they were created.
(a) Original image.
(b) Binary image thresholded at.
(c).
(d).
Figure 3: A toy example of persistence diagrams of a grayscale image. (a)By visual inspection, one expects the Betti numbers are. (b) Binary image is obtained from thresholding the at. Betti number of this binary image are. (c)-(d) Persistence diagrams of. The rectangular boxes enclosed by the pink dotted and solid line are the fundamental boxes defined in (1). and.
5 Persistence Curves and Stability
This section contains the main idea to construct the persistence curves. The essential idea is the Fundamental Lemma of Persistent Homology [17] which is derived from the elder rule. This lemma states that given a filtering function on a space, one has the following calculation for the corresponding -dimensional diagram,
where represents the counting measure. Figure 3(c)-(d) shows an example of (1). In particular, the rectangular boxes in (c)-(d) enclosed by the dotted line represents the set for, respectively. It is straightforward to observe that and, which are the Betti numbers of Figure 3(b) by visual inspection. However, (1) does not fully utilize the information of the set. Thus we seek to generalize (1) in the following way. Let represent the set of all persistence diagrams. let represent the set of all functions so that for all. Let represent the set of statistics or operators on multi-sets; more precisely, any is a map that takes a multi-set into a scalar. Finally let represent the set of functions on.
Definition 1.
We define a map where
The function is called a persistence curve on with respect to and.
To better understand persistence curves, we begin by discussing examples.
Example 1.
Let if and otherwise. Let be the summation operator,. By Definition 1, we have
Furthermore, if are the -dimensional diagrams associated to a given filtration. Using the Fundamental Lemma of Persistent Homology, we may define the Euler Characteristic of the space corresponding to a threshold is the alternating sum of the space's Betti numbers


The matrices of malevolent ideologies: Blacks and Jews
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
2 Scopus citations
This essay aims to shed some light on the perennial tensions between Blacks and Jews in the United States. Beginning with a brief account of both racism and anti-semitism, I argue that both groups have embraced, if only unwittingly, negative stereotypes concerning the other. I then suggest an innocent confusion that came about during the Civil Rights movement. Finally, I stress the fact that each group must recognize that its suffering, however egregious, does not thereby give it such substantial insight regarding the suffering of the other group that each can understand the other without listening to the other.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)107-134
Number of pages28
JournalSocial Identities
Issue number1
StatePublished - Feb 1996
ASJC Scopus subject areas
 - Sociology and Political Science
Dive into the research topics of 'The matrices of malevolent ideologies: Blacks and Jews'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
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IntelliJ IDEA 2017.2 Help
Extract Method Object
The Extract Method Object refactoring moves method into a new class, converting all the local variables to its fields, allowing you to decompose the method into other methods on the same object. It is an alternative to the Extract Method, and can be used when you have multiple return values in an extracted method.
Example
BeforeAfter
class Account { int gamma (int val1, ...) { //some computations return c-2*a; } }
class Account { int gamma (int val1, ...) { Calculations calculations = new Calculations(val1, ...).invoke(); int c = calculations.getC(); int a = calculations.getA(); return c-2*a; } private class Calculations { private int val1; ... private int a; private int c; public Calculations(int val1, ...) { this.val1 = val1; ... } public int getA() {return a;} public int getC() {return c;} public Calculations invoke() { ...//computations return this; } } }
To extract a method object, follow these steps
 1. In the editor, select the method code block to be extracted into the object.
 2. On the main menu, or from the context menu of the selection, choose Refactor | Extract | Method Object.
 3. Select whether you want to create inner class, or anonymous class.
 4. If you want to create an inner class, you need to specify the name for the class and the visibility scope. You can also make the class static, if needed.
 5. If you want to create an anonymous class, you should specify method's name.
 6. In the Parameters area select the variables that will be used as a parameters.
 7. Review Signature Preview and click OK.
Last modified: 29 November 2017
See Also


text:
Zn doped MAPbBr3 single crystal with advanced structural and optical stability achieved by strain compensation
Mechanistic understanding of the perovskite degradation is one of the most urgent issues to push perovskite devices toward commercial applications. Surface coverings will lower the electrical injection and light extraction efficiency of perovskite. Therefore, structural modification of Zn doped perovskite has been proposed herein. Of particular interest is the direct observation of lattice structure at the atomic resolution through the cryo-TEM that the Zn doping will induce local lattice strain due to smaller ionic radius. Under light illumination, the photostriction will compensate the local lattice strain, which leads to structural stability as evidence suggests no phase transition in temperature ranges. In addition, MPZB also shows less than 3% decrease in PL intensity after 60 days. It is because the Zn doping induced a lowest defect density in MPZB SC (density of trap-state ntrp = 6.33×108 cm-3), which has been confirmed by the high performance of photodetector. Such strain compensation is expected to fundamentally improve the stability of photoelectric devices.
- This article is part of the themed collection: 2020 Nanoscale HOT Article Collection


text:
Wal-Mart Stores aim to reduce plastic
Effort could eliminate plastic waste
equivalent to 9 billion plastic bags
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. committed to
reduce its global plastic shopping
bag waste by an average of 33 percent
per store by 2013. This is expected
to eliminate more than 135 million
pounds of plastic waste globally.
To help reach this goal, Wal-Mart
will reduce the number of bags given
out by its stores, encourage the
use of reusable bags and give customers
the ability to continue recycling
plastic shopping bags.
Wal-Mart's comprehensive bag reduction
strategy is being developed in partnership
with Environmental Defense Fund (EDF).
It is estimated that roughly 60 to
80 percent of all marine debris is
plastic. Reducing plastic shopping
bag waste could also help reduce
government expenditures. For example,
the state of California spends approximately
$25 million per year to discard plastic
bags into landfills.
As part of the goal to reduce plastic
bag waste, Wal-Mart stores in Mexico
and the United States are introducing
new, more affordable reusable bags.
In early September, Wal-Mart de Mexico
introduced reusable bags at one-third
the cost of its current bags. In
the United States, Wal-Mart began
offering reusable bags in October
for $.50 each.
Wal-Mart's commitment to reduce plastic
bag waste globally by 33 percent
includes a 25 percent reduction from
United States stores and a 50 percent
reduction from international operations.


Tolkien Gateway
Neekerbreekers were large and loud insects related to crickets. They dwelt in the Midgewater Marshes and squeaked all through the night, calling "neek-breek, breek-neek". Sam Gamgee gave them the name 'Neekerbreekers'.[1]
[edit] Etymology
Neekerbreekers were named so because of their sound, perhaps like that of a cricket.[2]
[edit] External links


text:
online, and it has a variety of movies related to How To Train Your Dragon genre.
- Amazon Prime: Amazon Prime is another streaming website where you can watch movies related to How To Train Your Dragon genre.
- Hulu: For those who have a Hulu subscription, it's an excellent place to watch movies online as it includes How To Train Your Dragon Genre.
- Disney+: Disney+ is the ultimate destination for all kinds of animated movies; you can find movies that are similar to How To Train Your Dragon and enjoy them with your family.
In case you aren't a subscriber to any of the above mentioned, you can also rent or buy movies like How To Train Your Dragon on platforms like Google Play and iTunes. It's essential to have an idea regarding the streaming sites where you can watch these movies if you want to enjoy them to the fullest.
Apart from the streaming platforms mentioned above, you can also find movies like How To Train Your Dragon on regular cable TV channels. These channels might have a schedule for playing animated movies where you can find some of these movies.
In 2011, a group of doctoral students from the University of Pennsylvania conducted a study and found out that watching movies like How To Train Your Dragon can help enhance children's cognitive and social skills. Hence, it's not just about entertainment, but it also helps children in their development process.
Streaming services are like dragons, there are so many to choose from but only a few will truly captivate you.
People can enjoy movies and TV shows through various digital platforms. There are so many options – from classic films to up-to-date TV shows. These are some of the popular streaming platforms:
- Amazon Prime Video offers exclusive series and well-known movies.
- Netflix has an extensive range of award-winning content, including original movies and series.
- Disney+ has Disney-owned properties such as Marvel Studios, Lucasfilm, and animated classics.
- HBO Max has a huge selection of HBO-created films and TV shows. Plus syndicated programming and new productions.
- Hulu has current-season TV shows, all-time classics, and original productions.
- Apple TV+ has Apple originals programs starring actors like Jason Momoa and Jennifer Anniston.
It's important to note that not all services provide the same content. So viewers must choose the option that suits them best.
DVD and Blu-ray releases
Physical media is the place to be for the newest home entertainment. It's commonly known as "home video" or "video." Here's what you should know:
- New DVD and Blu-ray releases arrive on Tuesdays.
- Walmart, Target, Best Buy and specialty stores such as FYE and Barnes & Noble carry these products.
- Older titles may be cheaper, but only in a used version.
- Blu-ray discs are usually higher quality than DVDs.
- Limited edition or collector's items may have extra features or packaging.
Physical media is a great way to build a movie collection. So keep an eye out for the latest DVD and Blu-ray releases for the newest blockbusters or rare gems.
Movie theaters for upcoming releases
Brand-new flicks have arrived! But the million-dollar question is– where to watch 'em? Knowing the ideal spot can make movie-watching even better. Here are 3 clues to help you find the perfect place:
- Gigantic cinemas usually show the popular blockbusters.
- Theaters specializing in indie and foreign films are out there.
- Museums and galleries often host one-of-a-kind screenings.
P.S: Cinemas may focus on certain genres or topics. Double-check their schedule to make sure you don't miss out on your favorite flick!
Analyzing five movies such as 'How To Train Your Dragon' shows us that animated films can be both inspiring and captivating. They offer thrilling adventures, relatable characters and lessons. Each movie has its own plotline, but they share certain elements like storytelling and character development.
One such movie is 'The Incredibles'. It is about a family of superheroes who each have unique powers. The film deals with the themes of individuality, teamwork, and embracing one's uniqueness. Another great movie is 'Kubo And The Two Strings'. It looks into ancient Japanese folklore and follows the journey of a boy in search of his father's magical armor.
'Howl's Moving Castle' is another must-watch from director Hayao Miyazaki's Studio Ghibli. This magical tale teaches us that appearances can be deceiving when Sophie, an 18-year-old girl, is transformed into an old woman after meeting the powerful wizard Howl. Lastly, 'Ratatouille' follows the story of Remy, a young rat who dreams of becoming a chef and showcases his cooking skills to reach his goal.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What are some movies similar to "How to Train Your Dragon"?
Some movies similar to "How to Train Your Dragon" include "The Secret Life of Pets," "Kung Fu Panda," "Tangled," "Moana," and "Big Hero 6."
2. What is the storyline of "How to Train Your Dragon?"
"How to Train Your Dragon" is a story about a young Viking named Hiccup who befriends a dragon that he was supposed to kill and ends up learning the true nature of dragons while trying to stop a war between his people and the dragons.
3. Are these movies appropriate for children?
Yes, these movies are generally considered to be appropriate for children, but some parental guidance may be suggested depending on the age of the child.
4. What makes these movies similar to "How to Train Your Dragon"?
These movies share similarities with "How to Train Your Dragon" in terms of a main character finding an unlikely friend, embarking on a journey, and ultimately learning important life lessons.
5. How do these movies differ from "How to Train Your Dragon"?
These movies differ from "How to Train Your Dragon" in terms of the specific plot and characters, but they share similar themes and storytelling techniques.
6. Are there any sequels to "How to Train Your Dragon"?
Yes, "How to Train Your Dragon 2" and "How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World" are both sequels to the original movie.


Gigahenries to Stathenries Conversion
Enter the electrical inductance in gigahenries below to get the value converted to stathenries.
SWAP UNITS
Results in Stathenries:
Loading content.
1 GH = 0.001113 stH
How to Convert Gigahenries to Stathenries
To convert a gigahenry measurement to a stathenry measurement, multiply the electrical inductance by the conversion ratio.
Since one gigahenry is equal to 0.001113 stathenries, you can use this simple formula to convert:
stathenries = gigahenries × 0.001113
The electrical inductance in stathenries is equal to the gigahenries multiplied by 0.001113.
For example, here's how to convert 500 gigahenries to stathenries using the formula above.
500 GH = (500 × 0.001113) = 0.556325 stH
Gigahenries and stathenries are both units used to measure electrical inductance. Keep reading to learn more about each unit of measure.
Gigahenries
One gigahenry is equal to 1,000,000,000 henries, which are the inductance of a conductor with one volt of electromotive force when the current is increased by one ampere per second.
The gigahenry is a multiple of the henry, which is the SI derived unit for electrical inductance. In the metric system, "giga" is the prefix for 109. Gigahenries can be abbreviated as GH; for example, 1 gigahenry can be written as 1 GH.
Stathenries
One stathenry is equal to the inductance of a conductor in which there is one statvolt of electromotive force when the current through the conductor is increased by one statampere per second. One stathenry is equal to 898,755,200,000 henries.
The stathenry is a centimeter-gram-second (CGS) electrostatic unit of electrical inductance. A stathenry is sometimes also referred to as an ESU. Stathenries can be abbreviated as stH; for example, 1 stathenry can be written as 1 stH.
Gigahenry to Stathenry Conversion Table
Gigahenry measurements converted to stathenries
Gigahenries Stathenries
1 GH 0.001113 stH
2 GH 0.002225 stH
3 GH 0.003338 stH
4 GH 0.004451 stH
5 GH 0.005563 stH
6 GH 0.006676 stH
7 GH 0.007789 stH
8 GH 0.008901 stH
9 GH 0.010014 stH
10 GH 0.011127 stH
20 GH 0.022253 stH
30 GH 0.03338 stH
40 GH 0.044506 stH
50 GH 0.055633 stH
60 GH 0.066759 stH
70 GH 0.077886 stH
80 GH 0.089012 stH
90 GH 0.100139 stH
100 GH 0.111265 stH
200 GH 0.22253 stH
300 GH 0.333795 stH
400 GH 0.44506 stH
500 GH 0.556325 stH
600 GH 0.66759 stH
700 GH 0.778855 stH
800 GH 0.89012 stH
900 GH 1.0014 stH
1,000 GH 1.1127 stH
More Gigahenry & Stathenry Conversions


Master in Integrative Clinical Psychology
The goal of Integrative Psychotherapy is to facilitate wholeness so that the quality of the person's being and action in the intrapsychic, interpersonal, and sociopolitical space is maximized, taking into account the personal boundaries of each individual and the external forces of the environment in which Lives.
The Master in Integrative Clinical Psychology with Christian emphasis is a course that applies disciplines of the mind and spirit so that the most important principles, whether human or divine, are applied in a clinical and spiritual view.
This course uses an innovative methodology that encourages the development of the therapist's individual capacities so that he can apply his talent in his professional field.
The Master's aims are:
1. Provide conditions for the development of the research within the characteristics of the Program, in order to meet the demand of the Region by qualified professionals;
2. To prepare professionals of Integrative Psychology and related areas for the production of scientific knowledge in their areas of professional activity;
3. To prepare teachers, researchers and professionals interested in the phenomenon Psychological and religious in contemporary society.
There are 72 study and research credits
 Click on the PDF file to access the courses
Criteria for applying:
1.To have Bachelor's degree
2.Fill in the proposed Charter
3. Send Updated Curriculum
4. Choose the Search Line
5. Produce the Pre Project
Duration: 2 years
72 Credits
Conclusion Documents:
1. Certificate
2. Comprehensive Report
2. Notary Public
3. Apostille
4. List of Disciplines (Ementario)
To apply, please send an email to:
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BBC News
Launch consoleBBC News in video and audio
Last Updated: Tuesday, 8 January 2008, 17:13 GMT
Community in carbon neutral bid
A wind turbine
The community already has a hydro-electric scheme
People living in a Brecon Beacons village are being urged to take part in a survey which aims to make their community carbon neutral.
Residents and business owners in Talybont-on-Usk near Brecon are being asked to provide information about how much energy they use.
Volunteer surveyors plan to measure the amount of carbon dioxide produced.
Talybont-on-Usk Energy, a company promoting renewable sources of power in the village, is behind the idea.
In 2006, the not-for-profit firm helped set up a community hydro-electric scheme to supply the national grid with power.
Now it is aiming to make the village carbon neutral.
In order to achieve this it will have to save the same amount of carbon emissions as it produces.
The saving can be made by using green or renewable energy sources, becoming more energy efficient and by planting trees.
Fuel bills
Alice Goldstone, who co-ordinates the project for Talybont-on-Usk Energy, said: "This project is an important early stage in helping to make the community carbon neutral.
"A group of volunteer carbon footprint surveyors, who live in the area, have already been trained and more training for more volunteers will take place later in January.
"To make those being surveyed feel more comfortable with the process all the volunteer surveyors are from the local area.
"Community carbon foot printing is not about judging how much energy an individual is using.
"We simply want to find out what the carbon footprint of the entire community is so that Talybont-on-Usk Energy is in a better position to continue to help make the community carbon neutral," she added.
Carbon neutral new schools plan
18 Dec 07 | Education
Villages to merge into 'eco-town'
03 Oct 07 | Edinburgh, East and Fife
Village water power scheme launch
12 Apr 06 | Mid Wales
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text:
No worries is an Australian English expression, meaning "do not worry about that", "that's alright", or "sure thing". It is similar to the English no problem. The phrase is widely used in Australian speech and represents a feeling of friendliness, good humour, optimism and "mateship" in Australian culture. The phrase has been referred to as the national motto of Australia.
The phrase has influenced a similar phrase used in the Tok Pisin language in Papua New Guinea. No worries utilization migrated to New Zealand after origination in Australia. Its usage became more pervasive to British English after increased usage in Australian soap operas that aired on television in the United Kingdom. Linguistics experts are uncertain how the phrase became utilized in American English; theories include use by Steve Irwin on the television program The Crocodile Hunter and usage by the United States media during the 2000 Sydney Olympics. It has also gained usage in Canadian English.
"No worries" is an Australian English expression, meaning "do not worry about that", or "that's all right". It can also mean "sure thing" and "you're welcome". Other colloquial Australian terms which mean the same thing include "she'll be right". The expression has been compared to the American English equivalent "no problem". In their book Australian Language & Culture: No Worries!, authors Vanessa Battersby, Paul Smitz and Barry Blake note: "No worries is a popular Australian response akin to 'no problems', 'that's OK' or'sure thing'."
Cultural origins
Early documentation dates the phrase back to 1966. According to author of When Cultures Collide: Leading Across Cultures, Richard D. Lewis, the phrase is a form of expression of the laissez-faire attitude in Australian culture. Anna Wierzbicka comments that the expression illustrates important parts of Australian culture, including: "amiability, friendliness, an expectation of shared attitudes (a proneness to easy'mateship'), jocular toughness, good humour, and, above all, casual optimism". She concludes that along with "good on you", the expressions reflect the "national character" and "prevailing ethos" of Australia. Though initially utilized in Australia, the phrase migrated to New Zealand as well.
Wierzbicka writes in her book Cross-cultural Pragmatics that the expression "permeates Australian speech", "serves a wide range of illocutionary forces" and displays a "casual optimism". In her 1992 book Semantics, Culture, and Cognition, Wierzbicka classifies the phrase as "among the most characteristic Australian expressions", along with "good on you".
The term can also be used in the context of an apology. The phrase "no wucking furries" has the same meaning in Australia; as a spoonerism of "no fucking worries", and is contracted to the phrases "no wuckers" and "no wucks". The phrase has been used widely in British English since the late 1980s, a development partly attributed to the success of Australian soap operas like Neighbours in the United Kingdom.
"No worries" was referred to as "the national motto" of Australia in 1978, and in their 2006 work, Diving the World, Beth and Shaun Tierney call "no worries, mate" the national motto of the country. Writing in The New York Times Book Review, Annette Kobak calls the expression a "ritual incantation" which has "particular charm". The phrase "no waris" in the Papua New Guinea language Tok Pisin is derived from the Australian English term.
According to The Sunday Mail a 2004 newspaper report notes that "no worries" has begun to be used in American English. Writing in a 2004 article for The Advertiser, Samela Harris comments: "The Americans have no idea of the etymology of 'no worries'. So, while they may cheerily adopt our 'no worries' mantra, 'no worries' will never catch on as an attitude." According to Tom Dalzell, author of two books on slang usage in the United States, linguistics experts are not certain how the expression became popular in that country. Usage of the term by Steve Irwin on The Crocodile Hunter, as well as attempts by members of the American press to imitate the expression during the 2000 Sydney Olympics, have been put forth as theories explaining the pervasiveness of the expression in the United States. Linguistics professor Kate Burridge writes in her 2004 book Weeds In the Garden Of Words that expressions including "no worries", "absolutely", and "bottom line" have become less prevalent in favor of newer sayings. The phrase has had some usage in Canadian English.
See also
- Australian English vocabulary
- Don't worry
- Hakuna matata
- Macquarie Dictionary
- No problem
- She'll be right
- Sure thing
- Partridge, Dalzell & Victor 2006, p. 1390
- Stuart-Hamilton 2007, p. 161
- Angelo & Butler 1998, p. 22
- Tierney & Tierney 2006, p. 32
- Nolan & Hinkelman 1996, p. 274
- Morrison, Conaway & Borden 1994, p. 9
- Battersby, Smitz & Blake 2007, p. 33
- Hoffmann 2009, p. 120
- Lewis 2005, p. 209
- Wierzbicka 1992, p. 388
- Moon 1998, p. 271
- Cryer 2006, p. 139
- Hoffmann 2009, pp. 119–121
- Wierzbicka 1991, p. 56
- Bowe & Martin 2007, p. 56
- Goddard 2006, p. 72
- "No worries infiltrates British English". National Nine News (news.ninemsn.com.au). Archived from the original on 11 Jul 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2011.
- New York Times staff 2001, p. 1499
- Romaine 1991, p. 148
- Biber & Finegan 1994, p. 63
- Whiting, Frances (25 July 2004). "It's, like, out of control". The Sunday Mail. p. 018.
- Harris, Samela (20 May 2004). "No worries, mate, she'll be right, and have a nice day". The Advertiser. p. 020.
- McKenna, Michael (22 January 2003). "Crikey, strine takes over". The Courier-Mail (Queensland Newspapers). p. 3.
- McGarry, Helen (12 September 2004). "Language – Books Extra". The Sun Herald. p. 72.
- Molloy, Matt (10 September 2009). "No medals, no worries". The Beacon (_URL_). Retrieved 21 February 2010.
- Keller, Mike; Gregg Keizer (18 February 2009). "No WiFi? No worries – transform your iPhone into a wireless modem". itbusiness.ca (ITworldcanada.com). Retrieved 21 February 2010.
- Angelo, Denise; Butler, Sue (1998), Australian Phrasebook: Language Survival Kit, Lonely Planet, p. 22, ISBN 0-86442-576-7
- Battersby, Vanessa; Smitz, Paul; Blake, Barry (2007), Australian Language & Culture: No Worries!, Lonely Planet, p. 33, ISBN 1-74059-099-6
- Biber, Douglas; Finegan, Edward (1994), Sociolinguistic Perspectives on Register, Oxford University Press US, p. 63, ISBN 0-19-508364-4
- Bowe, Heather Joan; Martin, Kylie (2007), Communication Across Cultures: Mutual Understanding in a Global World, Cambridge University Press, p. 56, ISBN 0-521-69557-0
- Cryer, Max (2006), The Godzone Dictionary: Of Favourite New Zealand Words and Phrases, Titirangi, Auckland, New Zealand: Exisle Publishing Limited, ISBN _PHONE_
- Goddard, Cliff (2006), Ethnopragmatics: Understanding Discourse in Cultural Context, Mouton de Gruyter, ISBN 3-11-018874-0
- Hoffmann, Thomas; Lucia Siebers (2009), World Englishes – Problems, Properties and Prospects, Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins Publishing Company, pp. 119–121, ISBN _PHONE_
- Lewis, Richard D. (2005), When Cultures Collide: Leading Across Cultures, Nicholas Brealey Publishing, p. 209, ISBN 1-904838-02-2
- New York Times staff (2001), The New York Times Book Reviews 2000, Taylor & Francis, p. 1499, ISBN 1-57958-058-0
- Moon, Rosamund (1998), Fixed Expressions and Idioms in English: A Corpus-Based Approach, Oxford University Press, p. 271, ISBN 978-0-19-823614-6
- Morrison, Terri; Conaway, Wayne A.; B


text:
Definitions of solitary:
- noun: confinement of a prisoner in isolation from other prisoners
Example: "He was held in solitary"
- noun: one who lives in solitude
- adjective: enjoyed or performed alone
Example: "Took a solitary walk"
- adjective: separated from or unfrequented by others; remote or secluded
Example: "A solitary retreat"
- adjective: of plants and animals; not growing or living in groups or colonies
Example: "Solitary bees"
- adjective: characterized by or preferring solitude in mode of life
Example: "A man of a solitary disposition"
- adjective: lacking companions or companionship
Example: "A solitary traveler"
Search for solitary at other dictionaries: OneLook, Answers.com, Merriam-Webster
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Sunday, April 15, 2007
Automating Excel with Ruby: Defining a Range and Inserting Data
As I previously mentioned, calling the Value method on an Excel Range object returns an array of arrays of values. Here's a quick way to get a 2-dimensional array of all values from a worksheet...
data = worksheet.UsedRange.Value
But, as I failed to mention in that article, you can also insert a 2-dimensional array into a Range of cells:
worksheet.Range("A2:G7").Value = data
If you have a lot of data to insert, this will be much faster than inputting the data cell-by-cell. But it is important that the range of cells be the same size (number of rows, number of columns) as your 2d array.
Your Array: Number of Rows
Assuming you have data, a 2-dimensional array, you can determine the number of rows by calling data.size:
rows = data.size
Your Array: Number of Columns
You can determine the number of columns by calling size on one of the data array's rows:
cols = data[0].size
Defining Your Worksheet Range
But to use the Range method, you need to define the column letters (ie, "A2:G7"). You probably already know that you want your starting point to be cell A1 or A2. But how do you programmatically determine the final column letter for an array that is 104 columns wide?
Each cell (or row, or column) object has an Address method that returns its location in letter-number format, so...
worksheet.Cells(5, 3).Address
...returns "$C$5", and we can use that string in our upcoming Range definition. So if you have a range that is 30 columns wide by 100 rows in length, which we want to insert into a Range, starting at cell A1:
first = worksheet.Cells(1,1).Address # => "$A$1"
last = worksheet.Cells(100,30).Address # => "$AD$100"
worksheet.Range("#{first}:#{last}").Value = data
If your worksheet has a header row and you will be inserting your data after that, bump up the row value by 1:
first = worksheet.Cells(2,1).Address # => "$A$2"
last = worksheet.Cells(101,30).Address # => "$AD$101"
I hope that some of you find this useful. My thanks goes to Charlie for suggesting the topic.
Mikey126 said...
Alternatively, you could use the handy Range.Resize() method, which would give you something like
...which is nice. I suppose one could fold everything into
target.Resize(data.size, data[0].size).Value = data
And thanks for reminding me that I could do more Excel automation with Ruby - I've been working in VBA for so long that I often forget.
dsf said...
how can i insert a row to excel doc?
1 test row
title2 < i want insert a row here
2 test row
i inspect many methods of the range and worksheet,but i can't work out,
please help me
David Mullet said...
In response to your question, I have posted a new article about inserting and deleting rows and columns.
dsf said...
thx a lot
Topher Fangio said...
Hello. You have some great articles here and I really appreciate you taking the time to post the information to help us out.
I have a quick question. I really would like to use this method to extract the data out of my excel files but unfortunately, it appears that it will only let me extract the value rather than the text.
I tried "data = worksheet.UsedRange.Text" but that doesn't seem to work. I also tried a few alternatives. Do you have any idea if this is possible and how so? Right now I am using the.each and it is taking forever (about 5 seconds per file...).
Thanks much and have a great day!
David Mullet said...
Thank you very much, Topher!
Microsoft's docs claim that the Range object has a read-only Text property. And the methos does exist, but always returns nil in my testing.
As you mentioned, iterating over rows and cells to access the Text value can be painfully slow.
I don't have much to offer on this, unfortunately. If the issue is formatting, there are possible methods for determining the format of the data (ie, decimal versus currency, versus percentage). You could, for example, query the NumberFormat property for each column:
for column in worksheet.UsedRange.Columns
formats << column.NumberFormat
Then use worksheet.UsedRange.Value to get your 2-d array quickly, and use the array or hash of column formats to format your data upon output.
Hope that helps!
~viper~ said...
I had a 1-dimensional array with 100 string elements, and attempted at first to copy what you had written
sheet.Range("A2:A101").Value = array
Your example was of a 2-dimensional array, and, for some reason, all those cells were filled with only the first element in the array. If, however, I first do something like
array[0]= [array[0],'test']
then somehow a pseudo-2d array is created, and the above command works. I had attempted it by chance, and I do not understand why this hack works
David Mullet said...
The Range.Value= method expects a 2-dimensional array -- an array of arrays -- even if the Range object spans only a single column. So, as you discovered, you must take your data array into the Second Dimension, so to speak.
Another method for doing that is:
ws.Range("A1:A500").Value = data.collect!{|x| [*x]}
collect! iterates over an array. [*x] converts an object (x) to an array. It's the replacement for the soon-to-be-obsolete to_a method.
WQP said...
How would one go about drawing borders on a range? It's the one thing I haven't quite been able to figure out. So say I want a box around A2:B4 or whatever...the closest I've come is to have the thing draw the complete grid for a given range and I need to be more selective than that!
WQP said...
Well it figures as soon as I ask I figure it out. This code would draw a box around the range F2:H7
sheet.Range("F2:F7").Borders(1).Linestyle=1 sheet.Range("H2:H7").Borders(2).Linestyle=1
sheet.Range("F2:H2").Borders(3).Linestyle=1 sheet.Range("F7:H7").Borders(4).Linestyle=1


text:
It depends on the state. You are likley to receive compensation benefits if you are unable to work as a result of your workplace injury. 66 2/3% of your average weekly wage (AWW) is generally the wage benefits granted.
Paid to employees with severe workplace injuries that prohibit the employee from working again, either temporarily or permanently.
The benefits an injured worker receives depends on three things:
1. The state the injured employee lives
2. Whether the injured worker can return to work
3. Workplace injury severity


Growing with Indeed: From Engineer to Leader
How do engineering leaders bootstrap themselves in their first leadership role? How do they grow their skills and develop a style over time? Most don't do it all on their own. They take advantage of...
Senior Engineering leaders share their best career advice.
Formal headshot of authorLast May, Indeed Engineering VP Jack Humphrey spoke about his approach to developing a leadership style.
"There are many ways to lead, and your leadership journey is your own," he says.
In this talk, Jack provides insight into his own guiding principles for being a useful leader.
He also shares the techniques he has used to understand himself as a leader and chart his own path.
Following Jack's talk, senior leaders at Indeed joined him for a panel discussion. They talked about how they got to where they are in their career, what challenges they've encountered, and how they've developed their own leadership styles.
Learn more about Indeed's technology and Engineering culture at the Indeed Engineering blog.
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text:
Familiarity plays an important role in face processing. The importance of familiarity is increased when facial form cues are degraded, so that a person must rely primarily on movement (dynamic) information to identify someone. It is, however, unclear which dynamic cues are used for face recognition of both familiar and unfamiliar faces. Furthermore, little work has been done on dynamic self-face recognition, and none has focused on the type of movement that facilitates this process. The current study used motion capture cameras to record and isolate facial movements in order to test recognition of self, familiar and unfamiliar faces. Participants completed a 2AFC same/different face-matching task involving point-light displays of natural motion (i.e. both rigid and non-rigid motion), rigid motion only (e.g. nodding/shaking), non-rigid motion only (e.g. mouth/eyebrow motion) and still images to determine whether differences in familiarity resulted in the use of different movement cues. The manner (style) in which someone is speaking may also impact on whether they can be easily identified from dynamic cues. Consequently, speech style was either matched or mismatched between video clips. We found that matching performance was more accurate overall when speech style was matched than mismatched. Familiar face matching appears to use rigid, non-rigid and natural movement cues equally, but unfamiliar and self-face matching are more accurate for rigid than natural motion when speech style differs between clips. These results are discussed in relation to previous research on dynamic face recognition, and possible implications for current face processing models.
Copyright 2009 by the Australasian Society for Cognitive Science. Publisher version archived with the permission of the Editor, ASCS09 : Proceedings of the 9th Conference of the Australasian Society for Cognitive Science. This copy is available for individual, non-commercial use. Permission to reprint/republish this version for other uses must be obtained from the publisher.