text:
Alexey Bakhirkin, Josh Berdine, and Nir Piterman
We propose a novel approach for computing weakest liberal safe preconditions of programs. The standard approaches, which call for either under-approximation of a greatest fixed point, or complementation of a least fixed point, are often difficult to apply successfully. Our approach relies on a different decomposition of the weakest precondition of loops. We exchange the greatest fixed point for the computation of a least fixed point above a recurrent set, instead of the bottom element. Convergence is achieved using over-approximation, while in order to maintain soundness we use an under-approximating logical subtraction operation. Unlike general complementation, subtraction more easily allows for increased precision in case its arguments are related. The approach is not restricted to a specific abstract domain and we use it to analyze programs using the abstract domains of intervals and of 3-valued structures.
© Microsoft Research


The spectral theorem 1: Matrices (with NumPy)
This post will again not contain anything very advanced, but try to explain a relatively advanced concept by breaking it down into the ideas that led to its formulation. Once again, the star is that wonderful thing, linear algebra. I have gone from really disliking it upon first encounter (as a naive undergrad), to having immense appreciation for the way in which it can illustrate fundamental mathematical concepts. Here, I will first present some computations that could lead to the formulation of the spectral theorem in the finite dimensional case, and in the next installment I will consider instances of the generalisation. This is similar to how I would approach any new mathematical concept, which is first to reduce it to something I have a decent understanding of, before trying to understand it in any generality.
One version of the spectral theorem can be stated as follows:
Theorem. Suppose A is a compact self-adjoint operator on a Hilbert space H. Then there is an orthonormal basis of H which consists of eigenvectors of A, and for which each eigenvalue is real.
Recall that a compact operator is a linear operator such that the image of any bounded subset has compact closure. To get a good idea of the Spectral Theorem, we must first get an idea of what a compact self-adjoint operator would be in a finite dimensional setting. For the moment, let us only consider real matrices. Since the adjoint of a matrix is its conjugate transpose, in this case we consider only symmetric matrices. The question of compactness is trivial in this case. Our Hilbert space will just be \mathbf{R}^n with the usual inner (dot) product. In this case, the spectral theorem states that we should be able to find an orthonormal basis of \mathbf{R}^n consisting of eigenvectors of our matrix T, with corresponding real eigenvalues. Let us consider some simple cases.
A = \begin{bmatrix} 3 & 2 & 1 \\ 2 & 2 & 3 \\ 1 & 3 & 5 \end{bmatrix}.
Since I don't feel like working this out by hand, I'll use some Python:
import numpy as np
A = np.array([[3,2,1],[2,2,3],[1,3,5]])
a = np.linalg.eig(A)
This gives us the following output:
(array([ 7.66203005, 2.67899221, -0.34102227]),
 array([[-0._PHONE_, -0.83831649, 0.38072882],
 [-0.53490509, -0._PHONE_, -0.83482681],
 [-0.74940344, 0.52941923, 0.39763018]])
Note that the eigenvectors are given as the columns of the array. Now, it would not be too much to expect that the eigenvectors will give us a basis for \mathbf{R}^3. It would be a stretch to expect these to be orthonormal, however. We can test this out quickly:
b = [[1][i],a[1][j]) for i in range(3) for j in range(3)]
(If you look at the code, you'll see that I actually took the dot product of the rows, not the columns. Why would this have the same result?)
[0.9999999999999998, -5.551115123125783e-17, 2.7755575615628914e-16, -5.551115123125783e-17, 0.9999999999999998, -4.440892098500626e-16, 2.7755575615628914e-16, -4.440892098500626e-16, 1.0000000000000004]
Those values are awfully close to either 0 or 1, and we can suspect that a precise calculation will probably give us those exact answers. But was this just luck, or would it work on any matrix? Let's generate a random 4 by 4 matrix, which we multiply by its transpose to make it symmetric (where else do we see this product being used to generate Hermitian operators?):
B = np.random.rand(4,4)
BB = np.matmul(B, B.transpose())
bb = np.linalg.eig(BB)
c = [[1][i],bb[1][j]) for i in range(3) for j in range(3)]
[1.0000000000000007, -8.881784197001252e-16, 5.689893001203927e-16, -8.881784197001252e-16, 1.000000000000001, 1.6653345369377348e-16, 5.689893001203927e-16, 1.6653345369377348e-16, 0.9999999999999989]
Once again, we get entries that are practically 0 or 1, and it seems as if NumPy actually gives us the vectors in the desired form. You can get exact results using symbolic computation, for instance using SymPy:
import sympy as sym
A = sym.Matrix([[3,2,1],[2,2,3],[1,3,5]])
This takes surprisingly long however, and doesn't tell us much we don't know. We can now formulate a possible finite dimensional version of the spectral theorem:
Conjecture 1. The eigenvectors of a symmetric n \times n real matrix A form an orthonormal basis of \mathbf{R}^n.
Let us first check this in the case where the matrix has full rank, and we have n linearly independent eigenvectors. Suppose that \vec{v}_1, \vec{v}_2, \dots,\vec{v}_n are linearly independent eigenvectors of A with eigenvalues \lambda_1, \lambda_2, \dots,\lambda_n. For i \neq j:
(A\vec{v}_i)\cdot (A\vec{v}_j) = (A\vec{v}_i)^T (A\vec{v}_j) = \vec{v}_i A^T A \vec{v}_j = \lambda_j^2 \vec{v}_i^T \vec{v}_j
(A\vec{v}_j)\cdot (A\vec{v}_i) = (A\vec{v}_j)^T (A\vec{v}_i) = \vec{v}_j A^T A \vec{v}_i = \lambda_i^2 \vec{v}_j^T \vec{v}_i.
Since the dot product is commutative, we must have either that \lambda_i^2 = \lambda_j^2 or \vec{v}_i \cdot \vec{v}_j = 0. The latter part is clearly what we desire, but what if \lambda_i^2 = \lambda_j^2? If we take a look at the wording of the Spectral Theorem, we can see that it does not state that any set of eigenvectors form a basis, but that there is a basis which consists of eigenvectors. So if we have, say, that A\vec{v}_1 = \lambda \vec{v}_1 and A\vec{v}_2 = \lambda \vec{v}_2, we can form a new vector \vec{w} as follows:
\vec{w} = \vec{v}_2 - \frac{\vec{v}_2\cdot \vec{v}_2}{\| \vec{v}_1\|^2}\vec{v}_1.
This new vector is also an eigenvector with eigenvalue \lambda:
A\vec{w} = \lambda \vec{v}_2 - \frac{\vec{v}_1 \cdot \vec{v}_2}{| \vec{v}_1 \|^2}A\vec{v}_1 = \lambda \vec{w}.
Furthermore, \vec{w} will be orthogonal to \vec{v}_1. To get orthonormality, we just normalise \vec{w}. (If there are more than two vectors with the same eigenvalue, we just continue applying the Gram-Schmidt process.) We have therefore used the eigenvectors \vec{v}_1 and \vec{v}_2 with the same eigenvalue to find two orthonormal vectors (\vec{v}_1 and \vec{w}/\|\vec{w}\|) with the same eigenvalue as before.
We can see that we must now replace Conjecture 1 with one that is more in line with the statement of the Spectral Theorem:
Conjecture 2. Given a real n\times n symmetric matrix A, there is a basis of \mathbf{R}^n consisting of eigenvectors of A.
Now, where could this conjecture go wrong? In the above examples, we had nice, non-zero eigenvalues. So let us consider a matrix in which the columns are linearly dependent, and which has an eigenvalue of 0 with multiplicity 2:
A = np.array([[


_USER_{NBERw11097, title = "Urban Growth and Housing Supply", author = "Edward L. Glaeser and Joseph Gyourko and Raven E. Saks", institution = "National Bureau of Economic Research", type = "Working Paper", series = "Working Paper Series", number = "11097", year = "2005", month = "January", URL = "_URL_ abstract = {Cities are physical structures, but the modern literature on urban economic development rarely acknowledges that fact. The elasticity of housing supply helps determine the extent to which increases in productivity will create bigger cities or just higher paid workers and more expensive homes. In this paper, we present a simple model that provides a framework for doing empirical work that integrates the heterogeneity of housing supply into urban development. Empirical analysis yields results consistent with the implications of the model that differences in the nature of house supply across space are not only responsible for higher housing prices, but also affect how cities respond to increases in productivity.}, }


-electron systems. For example, the dielectric function, instrumental in the calculation of spectroscopic quantities (e.g. EELS) and the screened interaction needed in ''GW'', is related to the polarization matrix through :math:'{\varepsilon(\mathbf{k},\omega)=1-P(\mathbf{k},\omega)v(\mathbf{k})}', here given in matrix notation. The corresponding explicit formula for matrix elements of ''P'' in the mixed product basis is
:math:'{P_{\mu\nu}(\mathbf{k},\omega)=2\sum_{\mathbf{q}}^{\mathrm{BZ}}\sum_{n}^{\mathrm{occ}}\sum_{n'}^{\mathrm{unocc}}\langle M_{\mathbf{k}\mu} \phi_{\mathbf{q}n} | \phi_{\mathbf{k+q}n'} \rangle\langle \phi_{\mathbf{k+q}n'} | \phi_{\mathbf{q}n} M_{\mathbf{k}\nu} \rangle \cdot\left(\frac{1}{\omega+\epsilon_{\mathbf{q}n}-\epsilon_{\mathbf{q}+\mathbf{k}n'}+i\eta}-\frac{1}{\omega-\epsilon_{\mathbf{q}n}+\epsilon_{\mathbf{q}+\mathbf{k}n'}-i\eta}\right) =\int_{-\infty}^\infty \frac{S_{\mu\nu}(\mathbf{k},\omega')}{\omega-\omega'+i\eta\mathrm{sgn}(\omega')}d\omega'\,.}' [[_TAG_:P]]
We have implicitly defined the spectral function ''S'' in the last equation, an explicit expression for which is basically given by the formula in the middle with the :math:'{1/(\omega...)}' replaced by :math:'{\delta(\omega...)}'. (Technically, the :math:'{M_{\mathbf{k}\mu}(\mathbf{r})}' form the eigenbasis of the Coulomb matrix, so they are linear combinations of the mixed product basis functions.)
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of the instability also tends to zero while the growth rate varies as 𝑞2𝑦. We have studied the effect of magnetic field on long wavelength instabilities. We have observed that Eckhaus instability and Zigzag instability regions increases when 𝑄 increases (see Figure 4).
Figure 4: Numerically computed secondary instability regions of Eckhaus instability (E), Zigzag instability (Z), and stable regions (S) are plotted in (𝜆2/𝜆1,𝛿𝑞𝑠)-plane for 𝑄=2000, 𝐷𝑎=1500, Λ=0.85, 𝜙=0.9, 𝑀=0.9, Pr1=1, and Pr2=2. As |𝛿𝑞𝑠| increases then the secondary instability regions increases.
4.3. Heat Transport by Convection
The maximum of steady amplitude 𝐴 is denoted by |𝐴max| which is given as||𝐴max||=𝜖2𝜆2𝜆31/2.(81) Equation (81) is obtained from (64) with tanh(𝑋/Λ1)=1. We use |𝐴max| to calculate Nusselt number Nu. To discuss the heat transfer near the neutral region, we express it through the Nusselt number is defined as Nu=𝐻𝑑/𝜅Δ𝑇, which is the ratio of the heat transported across any layer to the heat which would be transported by conduction alone. Here 𝐻 is the rate of heat transfer per unit area and is defined as𝐻=𝜕𝑇total𝜕𝑧𝑧=0.(82) In (82), angular brackets correspond to a horizontal average. The Nusselt number Nu can be calculated in terms of amplitude 𝐴 and is given as𝜖Nu=1+2𝛿2sc||𝐴max||2.(83) From (83), we get conduction for 𝑅𝑅sc and convection for 𝑅>𝑅sc. Since the amplitude equation is valid for 𝜆3>0, which is possible for 𝑅>𝑅sc (supercritical pitchfork bifurcation), thus we get Nu>1 for 𝑅>𝑅sc. We get convection for Nu>1 and conduction for Nu1. In stationary convection Nu increases implies that heat conducted by steady mode increases. In the problem of double diffusive convection in porous medium with magnetic field, Nu depends on Pr1,Pr2,Λ,𝑀,𝜙,𝐷𝑎, and 𝑄. We have computed Nu for different values of 𝑄, for some fixed values of other parameters and observed that Nu increases as 𝑄 decreases (see Figures 5(a) and 5(b)). This implies that magnetic field inhibits the heat transport. The parameters Pr1, Pr2, Λ, 𝑀, 𝜙, and 𝐷𝑎 show the same result as 𝑄 shows on Nu.
Figure 5: Graph (a) is plotted for 𝑄=1000 and graph (b) is plotted for 𝑄=3000 for the fixed values of 𝐷𝑎=1500, Λ=0.85, 𝜙=0.9, Pr2=1, Pr1=2, and 𝑀=0.9. in (Nu,𝑅/𝑅sc)-plane. In graphs (a) and (b), as 𝑅/𝑅sc increases then Nu increases.
5. Oscillatory Convection at the Supercritical Hopf Bifurcation
The existence of a threshold (critical value of Rayleigh number for the onset of oscillatory convection 𝑅=𝑅oc) and a cellular structure (critical wave number 𝑞=𝑞oc) are main characteristics of the oscillatory convection. In this section we treat the region near the onset of oscillatory convection. Here the axis of cylindrical rolls is taken as 𝑦-axis, so that 𝑦-dependence disappears from equation 𝑤=𝒩. The 𝑧-dependence contained entirely in sine and cosine functions which ensure that the free-free boundary conditions are satisfied. The purpose of this section is to derive coupled one-dimensional nonlinear time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau type equations near the onset of oscillatory convection at supercritical Hopf bifurcation. We introduce 𝜖 as𝜖2=𝑅𝑜𝑅oc𝑅oc1.(84) We assume that𝑤0=𝐴1𝐿𝑒𝑖(𝑞oc𝑥+𝜔oc𝑡)+𝐴1𝑅𝑒𝑖(𝑞oc𝑥𝜔oc𝑡)+c.c.sin𝜋𝑧(85) is a solution to linearized equation 𝑤=0, which satisfies free-free boundary conditions. Here 𝐴1𝐿 denotes the amplitude of left travelling wave of the roll and 𝐴1𝑅 denotes the amplitude of right travelling wave of the roll, which depends on slow space and time variables [23]𝑋=𝜖𝑥,𝜏=𝜖𝑡,𝑇=𝜖2𝑡,(86) and assume that 𝐴1𝐿=𝐴1𝐿(𝑋,𝜏,𝑇), 𝐴1𝑅=𝐴1𝑅(𝑋,𝜏,𝑇). The differential operators can be expressed as𝜕𝜕𝜕𝑥𝜕𝜕𝑥+𝜖,𝜕𝜕𝑋𝜕𝜕𝑡𝜕𝜕𝑡+𝜖𝜕𝜏+𝜖2𝜕.𝜕𝑇(87) The solution of basic equations can be sought as power series in 𝜖,𝑓=𝜖𝑓0+𝜖2𝑓1+𝜖3𝑓2+,(88) where 𝑓=𝑓(𝑢,𝑣,𝑤,𝜃,𝐻𝑥,𝐻𝑦,𝐻𝑧) with the first approximation given by eigenvector of the linearized problem:𝑢0=𝑖𝜋𝑞oc𝐴1𝐿𝑒𝑖(𝑞oc𝑥+𝜔oc𝑡)+𝐴1𝑅𝑒𝑖(𝑞oc𝑥𝜔oc𝑡)𝑣c.c.cos𝜋𝑧,0𝐻=0,𝑦0𝜃=0,0=1𝑀1𝑒1𝐴1𝐿𝑒𝑖(𝑞oc𝑥+𝜔oc𝑡)+1𝑒1𝐴1𝑅𝑒𝑖(𝑞oc𝑥𝜔oc𝑡)𝐻+c.c.×sin𝜋𝑧,𝑥0=𝑖𝜋2𝑞oc1𝑒2𝐴1𝐿𝑒𝑖(𝑞oc𝑥+𝜔oc𝑡)+1𝑒2𝐴1𝑅𝑒𝑖(𝑞oc𝑥𝜔oc𝑡)𝐻c.c.×sin𝜋𝑧,𝑧01=𝜋𝑒2𝐴1𝐿𝑒𝑖(𝑞oc𝑥+𝜔oc𝑡)+1𝑒2𝐴1𝑅𝑒𝑖(𝑞oc𝑥𝜔oc𝑡)+c.c.×cos𝜋𝑧.(89) where 𝛿2oc=(𝜋2+𝑞2oc), 𝑒1=(𝛿2oc+𝑖𝜔oc), and 𝑒2=(𝑀𝛿2oc+𝑖𝜔oc𝜙Pr2/Pr1), here 𝑒1 and 𝑒2 are complex conjugate of 𝑒1 and 𝑒2.
We expand the linear operator and nonlinear term 𝒩 as the following power series=0+𝜖1+𝜖22+,𝒩=𝜖2𝒩0+𝜖3𝒩1+,(90) substituting (87) and (88) into 𝑤


Drakozoon was a blob-like creature that lived in the oceans during the Silurian Period, some 425 million years ago. It was known from only a single fossil - until researchers sliced and diced their specimen to create this 3D model.
Drakozoon was a tiny, simple organism, only about 3 millimeters long. Shaped like a cone, it probably had a "hood" that it could pull over the rest of its body as protection against predators. It had a leathery skin and tiny tentacles that it used to catch little organic particles in the ocean water. That's an awful lot to know about an organism for which only a single, recently discovered fossil exists, and it's all thanks to the 3D imaging work done by researchers at Imperial College London.
As Professor Mark Sutton explains:
In order to create the 3D model, they had to sacrifice the original fossil. They cut it into 200 individual pieces, then scanned every side of these pieces to create the model. Beyond figuring out what Drakozoon looked like and how it behaved, the model also revealed eight ridges on either side of its body, a genetic remnant of a time when it had a segmented body structure. This supports the current theory that segmented creatures are a common ancestor for all life on Earth.
[Biology Letters]


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Hello Newman - How to Build a CI/CD Pipeline that Executes API Tests
Hello Newman
Executing automated tests in a CI/CD pipeline can be made simple and easy when using containers. After an image is built and can be started and tested to decide if it is a viable candidate to push to the registry. In this article we will walk through a demo of a GitLab CI/CD pipeline. We will build a simple express REST API application based on a Node image and then execute and verify automated tests against the api by running the application in docker-compose. Automated tests are written in javascript and will be executed in the PostMan CLI tool called Newman. Verifying that the running container can pass automated tests as early in the pipeline as possible is a very good thing. Let's take a look at how to accomplish this.
Prerequisites
Building the Application
We need to start with an example application. For this exercise we will be making a API that returns members of boy-bands. It will be a node app using Express to keep it simple. Create a file named index.js that contains the following code:
var express = require("express");
var app = express();
app.listen(3000, () => {
 console.log("Server running on port 3000");
});
app.get("/newkids", (req, res, next) => {
 res.json(["Donnie","Joey","Jordan","Jonathan","Danny","David"]);
});
app.get("/nsync", (req, res, next) => {
 res.status(501);
 res.send("Not Implemented");
});
app.get("/health", (req, res, next) => {
 res.json("Active");
});
Also make a file named "package.json" that contains the following code:
{
 "name": "ci-node",
 "version": "1.0.0",
 "main": "index.js",
 "dependencies": {
 "express": "^4.17.1"
 }
}
We are going to package the application as a Docker image so we need a Dockerfile. If you need an intro to Docker to better follow along you can get started here. Create a file named "Dockerfile" that contains the following code:
FROM node:13.1.0
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm install
COPY . .
EXPOSE 3000
CMD [ "node", "index.js" ]
You can now build the application locally with the following command:
docker build -t ci-demo .
To verify that the application works you can execute the following command:
docker run -d -p 3000:3000 ci-demo:latest
The application is now available at http://localhost:3000. The following commands should work and return the proper results or status codes:
Writing and executing automated API tests
There are many frameworks available that will execute automated tests against a REST API. For the purposes of this demonstration we are going to use Postman. Most people are familiar with Postman, or have used it in the past, to test an API manually. Postman also has the capability of creating, editing and executing automated tests against the same API. The tests are written in Javascript and can be imported and exported in JSON format. More information and tutorials are available on the Postman Learning Center.
Create a new directory named api-tests. Within the api-tests directory create a file named "ci-demo.postman_collection.json" that contains the following JSON:
{
 "variables": [],
 "info": {
 "name": "ci-demo",
 "_postman_id": "eaba83b1-65f2-e995-adcf-e07477fe67dd",
 "description": "",
 "schema": "_URL_
 },
 "item": [
 {
 "name": "Check Health",
 "event": [
 {
 "listen": "test",
 "script": {
 "type": "text/javascript",
 "exec": [
 "tests[\"Body matches string\"] = responseBody.has(\"Active\");",
 "tests[\"Status code is 200\"] = responseCode.code === 200;"
 ]
 }
 }
 ],
 "request": {
 "url": "http://{{host_name}}:{{host_port}}/health",
 "method": "GET",
 "header": [],
 "body": {},
 "description": ""
 },
 "response": []
 },
 {
 "name": "Check Not Implemented",
 "event": [
 {
 "listen": "test",
 "script": {
 "type": "text/javascript",
 "exec": [
 "tests[\"Body matches string\"] = responseBody.has(\"Not Implemented\");",
 "tests[\"Status code is 501\"] = responseCode.code === 501;"
 ]
 }
 }
 ],
 "request": {
 "url": "http://{{host_name}}:{{host_port}}/nsync",
 "method": "GET",
 "header": [],
 "body": {},
 "description": ""
 },
 "response": []
 },
 {
 "name": "Check New Kids",
 "event": [
 {
 "listen": "test",
 "script": {
 "type": "text/javascript",
 "exec": [
 "tests[\"Status code is 200\"] = responseCode.code === 200;",
 "",
 "var jsonData = JSON.parse(responseBody);",
 "tests[\"Make sure Donnie is in the list\"] = jsonData[0] === \"Donnie\";",
 "tests[\"Make sure Mark is not in the list\"] = !responseBody.has(\"Mark\");"
 ]
 }
 }
 ],
 "request": {
 "url": "http://{{host_name}}:{{host_port}}/newkids",
 "method": "GET",
 "header": [],
 "body": {},
 "description": ""
 },
 "response": []
 }
 ]
}
Also in the api-tests directory create a file named "ci.postman_environment.json" that contains the following JSON:
{
 "id": "6a67c87a-36b4-126c-2696-b6256e7be90b",
 "name": "ci",
 "values": [
 {
 "enabled": true,
 "key": "host_name",
 "value": "app",
 "type": "text"
 },
 {
 "enabled": true,
 "key": "host_port",
 "value": "3000",
 "type": "text"
 }
 ]
}
The next thing we are going to do is import our tests into the Postman application. To do this we will create a new Collection while importing it by clicking on the "Import" button in the top left. You can either drag and drop the file or click in the window and select your "ci-demo.postman-collection.json" file. Your screen should now look like this:
Alt Text
Click the "Import" button and you should see your collection on the left side of the screen.
Expanding the collection and selecting one of the tests should allow you to then select the "Tests" tab and should look like this:
Alt Text
You can see that this particular test is verifying that a GET call to /newkids should return a 200 response code and the body returned should contain the value of "Donnie". It is also verifying that the body returned should not contain the value of "Mark". These are just very simple examples but there are many more to explore by clicking on the "SNIPPETS" in the right side or by writing your own.
You may have noticed that the URL we are testing has some variables in it. The URL in our tests is actually "http://host_name:host_port". This is because Postman allows for variables to be defined for a particular environment and you can change between them in the top right of the screen. This is important for using this in CI because later when these tests are executed in docker-compose the hostname is going to be a different value than when you execute these tests locally.
The next thing we need to do to allow our tests


text:
Wave is defined as the oscillation of water surface. Crest is the highest part of the wave while trough is the lowest part of a wave. Wavelength is defined as the distance between two continuous crests or troughs. It is represented by 'L'.
As depth increases the orbit that water follow decreases and diminishes at a depth of about half of the wavelength. It is given by 'L/2' and is known as wave base. 30 m (meter), 5 m, 45 m and 6.2 m cannot be the measure of the wave base, in the given case.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
People also ask
How far is Atsugi from the base?
What is Kanagawa Prefecture famous for?
How many aircraft carriers are in Atsugi?
What happened to the Atsugi pilots?
- Base name
- Base issues
- Protests and complaints
- Friendship festival
Naval Air Facility Atsugi is a naval air base located in the cities of Yamato and Ayase in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. It is the largest United States Navy air base in the Pacific Ocean and houses the squadrons of Carrier Air Wing Five, which deploys with the aircraft carrier USS Ronald Reagan. During 2017 and 2018 the fixed-wing aircraft of CVW-5 are relocating to Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni in western Japan. CVW-5 shares the base with the Headquarters Fleet Air Force and Fleet Air Wing 4
The Imperial Japanese Navy constructed the base in 1938 to house the 302nd Kokutai, one of the Navy's most formidable fighter squadrons during World War II. Aircraft based at Atsugi shot down more than 300 American bombers during the firebombings of 1945. After Japan's surrender, many of Atsugi's pilots refused to follow Hirohito's order to lay down their arms, and took to the skies to drop leaflets on Tokyo and Yokohama urging locals to resist the Americans. Eventually, these pilots gave up and
Atsugi is named after the nearby city of Atsugi despite not actually being in Atsugi. The name was chosen because Atsugi was the only large town in the area as of 1950, and the three farming villages surrounding the base at that time—Yamato Village, Ayase Village and Shibuya Village—shared names with better-known areas elsewhere in Japan. Yamato is an alternative name for the Nara region, Ayase is generally associated with the area around Ayase Station in northeast Tokyo, and Shibuya is ...
NAF Atsugi and the people stationed there gained notoriety in the 1990s due to their proximity to the Jinkanpo Atsugi Incinerator, which blew toxic and cancerous emissions over the high-rise buildings in its immediate vicinity. The incinerator's owners, arrested and jailed for ch
Since 1976 there have been a number of lawsuits with local residents sued the Japanese government over noise from the base, and in October 2002 the Yokohama district court ruled that the government should pay 2.75 billion yen in compensation. Both the plaintiffs and the governmen
In addition to the lawsuits over noise there have been a number of protests regarding the base. In July 1988 20,000 people made a human chain around the base to protest noisy night landings at the base. In 2005 Yamato city officials protested noisy night landings from F/A-18 Hornet training. In 2007 the Japanese Communist Party protested F-16 and F/A-18 exercises at the base and asked that they be stopped. In 2013 the JCP also protested after a USN MH-60S Seahawk helicopter from Atsugi crashed i
During Spring Atsugi holds an open day. Non-Japanese visitors may be turned away from the gates for security reasons. Prospective attendees who are neither Japanese or American should bring identification and also consult the Third Country National list to see if they require special approval to enter the base. There was an "Atsugi WINGS" air show held until the year 2000, featuring the "diamond of diamonds" display by formations of US Navy aircraft. This was last held in the year 2000. There we
Pages in category "Atsugi, Kanagawa" The following 5 pages are in this category, out of 5 total. This list may not reflect recent changes ().
Atsugi (jap. 厚木市, -shi) ist eine Stadt in der Präfektur Kanagawa in Japan. Innerhalb Japans ist Atsugi vor allem als Vorort der Metropole Tokio - Yokohama bekannt und wird auch in Zusammenhang mit der US-amerikanischen Marinebasis in NAF Atsugi gebracht.
Atsugi (厚木市, Atsugi-shi?) est une ville située dans la préfecture de Kanagawa, au Japon.
Atsugi (厚木市 -shi) é uma cidade japonesa localizada na província de Kanagawa. Em 2003 a cidade tinha uma população estimada em 221 226 habitantes e uma densidade populacional de 2 357,73 h/km².
- 93,83 km²
- 2 357,73 hab./km²
Atsugi Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera. Questa voce sull'argomento centri abitati della prefettura di Kanagawa è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia.
- related to: atsugi kanagawa wikipedia wiki
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African-American History
Who was Askia?
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Answered 2010-02-22 22:13:43
Askia the great:A king of the Songhai empireborn in 1442, died in 1538, full name: Muhammad Ture. From: Soninke
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How did askia the askia the great?
about 35 years
Was askia Muhammad a ruler?
Yes, Askia Muhammad was a ruler.
When was Askia Jones born?
Askia Jones was born in 1971.
When did Askia Daoud die?
Askia Daoud died in 1582.
When did Askia Musa die?
Askia Musa died in 1531.
When did Askia Ishaq I die?
Askia Ishaq I died in 1549.
When was Askia Mohammad I born?
Askia Mohammad I was born in 1443.
When did Askia Mohammad I die?
Askia Mohammad I died in 1538.
Who was the greatest emperor of songhai?
Askia the Great, ie. Askia Mohammed.
Who was the great leader of the Songhai empire?
Askia the Great, ie. Askia Mohammed.
When did Askia Mohammad Benkan die?
Askia Mohammad Benkan died in 1559.
When was Askia M. Touré born?
Askia M. Touré was born in 1938.
When was Regina Askia-Williams born?
Regina Askia-Williams was born in 1967.
Who expands the songhai civilization into a major power?
Askia Mohammed, AKA Askia the Great.
What economic achevements did Askia Toure have?
Why did Muhammad Ture become known as Askia the Great?
Muhammad Ture chose the title askia, a title of high military rank. Eventually, he became known as Askia the Great.
How did askia Muhammad gain control of songhai?
Askia Muhammad gain his power and respect to get control of songbai
What does askia mean or stand for?
askia means the great leader or warrior. It was the name given to a african king
Why did Askia the Great overthrow Sunni Baru?
Askia The Great overthrew Sunni Baru Because he was not a muslim
What did mansa musa and askia the great have in common?
Mansa Musa and Askia the great both believed that education was important.
Why was Askia Muhammad an important ruler?
Askia Muhammad was an imp ruler because of the achievements he madeex: the spread of Islam
Who is sunni baru?
Askia The Great
Was Mansa Musa Songhais greatest ruler?
No. He was a ruler of Mali, not Songhai. Askia the Great (Askia Mohammed) was the greatest ruler of Songhai.
When did askia the great die?
Askia Mohammed I died in 1538 after falling off his horse and drowning in a river. Oddly the river was at its lowest level because it was not rainy season. He was buried in a Step Pyramid at Gao. He is fondly remembered as Askia the Great.
What did Askia Mohammad do to strengthen his country?
Askia Mohammed the Great encouraged literacy and learning. In the Songhai Empire, there were the best scholars that made Islamic books that are still used today. Askia also spread Islam all over Africa.
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text:
Best Practices for Surgical Wound Care After Common Plastic Surgery Procedures
As the number of plastic surgery procedures continues to rise, it is important for clinicians to understand best practices for post-operative care to prevent wound dehiscence, surgical site infection, abnormal scarring, fluid buildup, and other incision site complications. Selecting appropriate wound dressings and securements can help avert complications and lead to optimal outcomes for patients.
This informative white paper, sponsored by Hy-Tape medical adhesive, describes several popular plastic surgery procedures, their possible post-operative wound complications, and post-operative protocols to prevent these complications. Versatile Hy-Tape medical adhesive is appropriate to use on skin around surgical wounds. It minimizes scarring, keeps dressings and drains securely in place, and is safe for fragile skin.
This useful and well-referenced guide is a practical resource for wound care professionals whose patients undergo plastic surgery procedures.
This white paper covers the following subjects:
This paper is written for wound care clinicians and purchasing directors with an interest in product solutions. This paper was developed by an independent third party.
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Antarctic terns have to co-exist in a limited space with their major nest predator, the skuas. We conducted artificial nest experiments to evaluate the roles of parental activity, nest location and nest and egg crypsis in this simple predator–prey system. Predation on artificial (inactive) nests was higher in traditional nesting sites than in sites previously not occupied by terns, which suggests that skuas memorized past tern breeding sites. Predation on artificial nests in inactive colonies was higher than in active (defended) colonies. Parental defense reduced predation in colonies to the level observed in artificial nests placed away from colonies. This suggests that communal defense can balance the costs of attracting predators to active colonies. Within colonies, predation was marginally higher on experimental eggs put in real nests than on bare ground. Although it seems that the presence of a nest is costly in terms of increased predation, reductions in nest size might be constrained by the need for protective nest structures and/or balanced by opposing selection on nest size. Predation did not differ markedly between artificial (quail) and real tern eggs. A simultaneous prey choice experiment showed that the observed predation rates reflected egg/nest detectability, rather than discrimination of egg types. In summary, nesting terns probably cannot avoid being detected, and they cannot defend their nest by attending them. Yet, by temporarily leaving the nest, they can defend it through communal predator mobbing, and at the same time, they can benefit from crypsis of unattended nest and eggs.


text: A sacroiliac injection is an injection of a steroid or other medication into a sacroiliac joint. The sacroiliac joints are located on either side of the sacrum or tailbone. These joints connect the tailbone to the pelvis. The steroid injected reduces the inflammation and swelling of tissue in and around the joint space. This may in turn reduce pain, and other symptoms caused by inflammation or irritation of the joint and surrounding structures.

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Cooperative Distributed Energy Scheduling in Microgrids
Chapter
Part of the Power Systems book series (POWSYS)
Abstract
This chapter introduces a multi-time scale model predictive control (MPC) approach which is stochastically applied in the cooperative distributed energy scheduling problem of the microgrids (MG). The cooperative distributed approach is preferred, since a centralized one is not applicable in a competitive power market environment because it requires all the data of all the MGs, which is impractical. In this chapter, in order to deal with the variability and uncertainties associated with output power of the renewable energy resources (RES) and load demand, stochastic MPC is applied in distributed energy scheduling problem of MGs. Additionally, considering multi-time scale approach in the stochastic MPC is capable of simultaneously having vast vision for the optimization time horizon and precise resolution for the problem variables. Herein, each MG with a different set of sources is able to transact power with the electricity market and the neighboring MGs. The numerical study demonstrates that cooperation of the MGs in the distributed energy scheduling problem is beneficial, and also the multi-time scale MPC is advantageous compared to the single-time scale MPC in both non-cooperative and cooperative distributed energy scheduling problems.
Keywords
Cooperative distributed energy scheduling Microgrids Multi-time scale approach Stochastic model predictive control (MPC) Renewables
References
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 F. Valencia, J. Collado, D. Sáez, L. G. Marín, Robust energy management system for a microgrid based on a fuzzy prediction interval model. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid. _URL_
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Copyright information
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018
Authors and Affiliations
 1. 1.The Holcombe Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringClemson UniversityClemsonUSA
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the region between the labels, and perform a paste.
A final operation in cut and paste editing is the edit->clear operation. If a region is highlighted or in/out points exist, the affected region is cleared by edit->clear. But if the insertion point is over an edit boundary and the edits on each side of the edit boundary are the same resource, the edits are combined into one edit comprised by the resource. The start of this one edit is the start of the first edit and the end of this one edit is the end of the second edit. This either results in the edit expanding or shrinking.
With some edits on the timeline it's possible to do trimming. By trimming you shrink or grow the edit boundaries by dragging them. In either drag and drop mode or cut and paste mode, move the cursor over an edit boundary until it changes shape. The cursor will either be an expand left or an expand right. If the cursor is an expand left, the dragging operation affects the beginning of the edit. If the cursor is an expand right, the dragging operation affects the end of the edit.
When you click on an edit boundary to start dragging, the mouse button number determines which dragging behavior is going to be followed. 3 possible behaviors are bound to mouse buttons in the interface preferences. See INTERFACE.
The effect of each drag operation not only depends on the behavior button but whether the beginning or end of the edit is being dragged. When you release the mouse button, the trimming operation is performed.
In a Drag all following edits operation, the beginning of the edit either cuts data from the edit if you move it forward or pastes new data from before the edit if you move it backward. The end of the edit pastes data into the edit if you move it forward or cuts data from the end of the edit if you move it backward. All the edits thereafter shift. Finally, if you drag the end of the edit past the start of the edit, the edit is deleted.
In a Drag only one edit operation, the behavior is the same when you drag the beginning or end of an edit. The only difference is none of the other edits in the track shift. Instead, anything adjacent to the current edit expands or shrinks to fill gaps left by the drag operation.
In a Drag source only operation, nothing is cut or pasted. If you move the beginning or end of the edit forward, the source reference in the edit shifts forward. If you move the beginning or end of the edit backward, the source reference shifts backward. Where the edit appears in the timeline remains the same but the source shifts.
For all file formats besides still images, the extent of the trimming operation is clamped to the source file length. Attempting to drag the start of the edit beyond the start of the source clamps it to the source start.
In all trimming operations, all edits which start on the same position as the cursor when the drag operation begins are affected. Unarm tracks to prevent edits from getting affected.
Next: , Previous: EDITING, Up: Top
It would be sufficient to perform all changes to the timeline using editing operations, but this isn't very extensible. Certain timeline changes should produce a different effect in the output without involving a unique procedure to apply each change. This is why we have effects.
Effects fall into three categories, and each effect in a category is applied using the same procedure.
Some of the effects don't process data but synthesize data. In the case of a synthesis effect, you'll want to select a region of the track so the dragging operation pastes it without deleting it.
When dragging more than one effect onto a track, you'll see the effects layering from top to bottom, on the bottom of the track. When the track is played back, effects are processed from top to bottom. The output of the top effect becomes the input of the bottom effect and so on and so forth.
In addition to dragging from the resource window, there are 2 other methods of applying them:
When an effect exists under a track, it most often needs to be configured. Go to the effect and right click on it to bring up the effect popup. In the effect popup is a show option. The show option causes the GUI for the effect to appear under the cursor. Most effects have GUI's but some don't. If the effect doesn't have a GUI, nothing pops up when the show option is selected. When you tweek parameters in the effect GUI, the parameters normally effect the entire duration of the effect.
The two other effect types supported by the Attach Effect dialog are recycled effects. In order to use a recycled effect, three requiremenets must be met:
In the case of a shared effect, these conditions must be true. In the case of a shared track, there merely must be another track on the timeline of the same type as the track you're applying an effect to. If you right clicked on a video track to attach an effect, there won't be anything in the shared tracks column if no other video track exists. If you right clicked on an audio track there won't be anything in the shared track column if no other audio track exists.
Shared effects and shared tracks allow very unique things to be done. In the case of a shared effect, the shared effect is treated like a copy of the original effect except in the shared effect the GUI can't be brought up. All configuration of the shared effect is determined by the GUI of the original effect and only the GUI of the original effect can be brought up.
In addition, once the shared track has processed the output of the original track like a realtime effect, the shared track mixes itself into the output with it's settings for pan, mode, and projector. Thus, two tracks are mixing the same data on the output. Most of the time you don't want the shared track to mix the same data as the original track on the output. You want it to stop right before the mixing stage and give the data back to the original track. Do this by enabling the mutepatch_up.png mute toggle next to each track for whom you don't want to mix on the output.
Many operations exist for manipulating effects once they are in the timeline. Because mixing effects and media is such complex business, the methods used in editing effects aren't as concise as cutting and pasting. Some of the editing happens by dragging in/out points, some of the editing happens through popup menus, and some of it happens by dragging effects.
The three editing behaviors of track trimming apply to effect trimming and they are bound to the mouse buttons that you set in interface preferences. See INTERFACE. When you perform a trim edit on an effect, the effect boundary is moved by dragging on it. Unlike track editing, the effect has no source length. You can extend the end of an effect as much as desired without being limited.
Also unlike track editing, the starting position of the drag operation doesn't bind the edit decision to media. The media the effect is bound to doesn't follow effect edits. Other effects; however, do follow editing decisions made on an effect. If you drag the end of an effect which is lined up to effects on other tracks, the effects on the other tracks will be edited while the media stays the same.
In some cases you'll want a trimming operation to change only one row of effects. This can be achieved by first positioning the insertion point on the start or end of the effect. Then press shift while beginning the trimming operation. This causes the operation to change only one row of effects.
When you're moving effects up or down, be aware that if they're shared as shared effects, any references will be pointing to a different effect after the move operation.
Finally, there's dragging of effects. Dragging effects works just like dragging edits. You must select the arrow.png arrow to enter drag and drop mode before dragging effects. The effects snap to media boundaries, effect boundaries, and tracks. Be aware if you drag a reference to a shared effect, the reference will usually point to the wrong effect afterwards.
The rendered effects are not listed in the resource window but instead are accessed through the Audio->Render effect and Video->Render effect menu options. Each of these menu options brings up a dialog for the rendered effect. Rendered effects apply to only one type of track, either audio or video. If no tracks of the type exist, an error pops up.
A region of the timeline to apply the effect to must be defined before selecting Render effect.... If no in/out points and no highlighted region exists, the entire region after the insertion point is treated as the affected region. Otherwise, the region between the in/out points or the highlighted region is the affected region.
Secondly, the tracks to apply the rendered affect to need to be armed. All other tracks are ignored.
Finally, the rendered affect processes certain track attributes when it reads its input data but not others. Transitions in the affected track are applied. Nudge is not and effects are not. This allows the new data to be pasted into the existing position without changing the nudge value.
In the render effect dialog is a list of all the realtime and all the rendered effects. The difference here is that the realtime effects are rendered to disk and not applied under the track. Highlight an effect in the list to designate it as the one being performed.
Define a file to render the effect to in the Select a file to render to box. The magnify.png magnifying glass allows file selection from a list.
Select a file format which can handle the track type. The wrench.png wrench allows configuration specific to the file format.
Finally there is an insertion strategy just like in the render dialog. It should be noted that even though the effect applies only to audio or video, the insertion strategy applies to all tracks just like a clipboard operation.


text:
Some frog species, such as Kassina maculata (red-legged running frog), use an asynchronous walking/running gait as their primary locomotor mode. Prior comparative anatomy work has suggested that lateral rotation of the pelvis improves walking performance by increasing hindlimb stride length; however, this hypothesis has never been tested. Using non-invasive methods, experimental high-speed video data collected from eight animals were used to create two three-dimensional kinematic models. These models, each fixed to alternative local anatomical reference frames, were used to investigate the hypothesis that lateral rotation of the mobile ilio-sacral joint in the anuran pelvis plays a propulsive role in walking locomotion by increasing hindlimb stride length. All frogs used a walking gait (duty factor greater than 0.5) despite travelling over a range of speeds (0.04–0.23 m s−1). The hindlimb joint motions throughout a single stride were temporally synchronized with lateral rotation of the pelvis. The pelvis itself, on average, underwent an angular excursion of 12.71° (±4.39°) with respect to the body midline during lateral rotation. However, comparison between our two kinematic models demonstrated that lateral rotation of the pelvis only increases the cranio-caudal excursion of the hindlimb modestly. Thus, we propose that pelvic lateral rotation is not a stride length augmenting mechanism in K. maculata.
|Date made available||1 Jan 2019|


Malachite. Malachite is a Copper Carbonate Hydroxide and it is a semiprecious stone. The origin of the name goes to the ancient Greek word "malakos" or "soft." The color varies from light green to deep green and very rarely to greenish black. Several shades may appear in the pattern of a single stone.
In ancient Egypt, malachite was a symbol of the beginning and continuation of life. This is why the gem has been considered a guard-amulet since ancient times. It is a protector of children and childhood, it relieves nightmares, and it helps aid relaxation.


What causes the pink stain on bathroom fixtures?
Add your answer...
1 Answer
The reddish-pink stain or residue that is frequently found around bathroom sinks, shower stalls, and pets' water bowls, is not by the water supply but by naturally occurring airborne bacteria that produce a reddish pigment. There are numerous bacteria in the environment that find their way onto bathroom and kitchen fixtures. Most do not cause disease. These bacteria are found in soil, food, and on animals, and they may become airborne because of construction or wind. It is not uncommon to find the pinkish film appearing after new construction or remodeling activities.
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Painting weka classes
Mainly to Ignacio (hola!), but perhaps others can make further suggestions.
In the Weka segmentation, the default brush size to define the classes samples is 1 pixel thick. I seem to remember that this was the only size supported when the plugin came out.
Has this been improved? Is there a way of painting the classes with a larger brush?
I am asking because it is painfullly slow and tedious to cover a large area that otherwise could be painted with a thicker brush and a few strokes. Or perhaps use polygons to define those areas?
Thanks!
Yes! You can use any of the available selection tools, including a thicker brush:
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In my experience, it is not necessary to cover large areas for training, and it might even slow down the process: to train a classifier, the features of the calculated feature stack are taken into account for each labeled pixel. Neighboring pixels often carry very similar information, and therefore adding pixels close to other already labeled pixels does not increase the quality of the classifier very much (and it blows up your data.arff file in case you want to save the labeled data).
It is often more helpful to only add very few more pixels in areas where the classifier doesn't perform so well yet (where the uncertainty of the classifier is high). By using freehand lines, you keep the sample size small but still make sure to include the pixels representative of their class.
That said, if you still like to label/select arbitrary areas, I can very much recommend using the selection brush tool. Double-click on the tool button to set the brush size, then draw on the image. For modifying the selection, start brushing outside the selection to remove pixels, or inside the selection to add pixels.
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Thanks for the prompt reply, guys, very happy to hear that it supports other selection tools and the selection brush tool is a good idea too (I keep forgetting about this!
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How do i fix unreconciled layers in autocad?
What are unreconciled new layers in AutoCAD?
Unreconciled layers are layers that have been added to the drawing or to attached xrefs since the layer list was last evaluated. To reconcile a layer in the drawing you have to manually select it and mark it as reconciled.
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What are unreconciled layers?
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Lock and Unlock All Layers
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What are AutoCAD layers?
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How do I unlock a layer in CAD?
By Selecting an Object
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How do I see layer properties in AutoCAD?
Click Home tab Layers panel Layer Properties.14 мая 2019 г.
How do I manage layers in AutoCAD?
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 2. Click the Layer tab.
 3. Select the layer, and click the Visible field.
Special Project


da nono is a popular fresh cow milk drink, especially in northern Nigeria, the Fura is made of cooked then pounded millet or sorghum with a little cow's milk.
 3. Palm wine is a liquid tapped from a palm tree which may be distilled into ogogoro.
 4. Zobo is a drink made of roselle juice (the Yorubas call the white variety Isapa). It is red in color.
 5. Soya bean milk is a drink made from soaked, ground, and sieved soya bean seeds.
Above are the various types and varieties of food available in Nigeria though that's not all because there are several hundreds of varieties not mentioned in this article. Take time out and pick any of the dishes above, prepare or buy it from the restaurant and enjoy yourself with a good locally prepared Nigerian dish. Not just dish alone you delve for the locally made drinks too if you feel soda or wine does not go well with you.
Tags: Types Of Food In Nigeria


Balanced circulants
Given interer $k \geq 1$ and $m \geq 1$, let us introduce a graph $G(k,m) = (V,E)$ with circular symmetry as follows: $V = {\bf Z}_n = \{0,1,...,n-1\}$, where $n = 4km$, and $(i,j) \in E$ iff
\begin{displaymath}i-j + 4mt = +1 \;\; or \, -1 \;\; (mod \; n)\end{displaymath}
for some integer $t$. E.g. if $k=5, m=2$ then $n = 40$ and $(i,j) \in E$ iff $i - j (mod \; 40) \in \{7,9; 15,17; 23,25; 31,33; 39,1\}.$
It is not difficult to check that $G(k,m)$ is balanced, i.e. it has no odd cycles, nor $(4i+2)$-holes. In fact, it may only contain holes of length 4 and $4m$. Moreover, every $(4i+2)$-cycle has at least two chords. Hence, $G(k,m) - e$ is still balanced for any edge $e$, in agreement with Conjecture 2 from the section "Balanced Graphs". Conjecture 1 of the same section also holds for $G(k,m)$. Indeed, if $k > 1$ then $S = \{0; 4mi+1, 4mi-1 \; \vert \; i = 1, \ldots,k\}$ is a star cutset: 0 is an isolated vertex in $\bar{G}[S]$, while $4mj$ is an isolated vertex in $G[V \setminus S]$ for every $j = 1, \ldots, k;$ and if $k=1$ then $G(k,m)$ is $4m$-cycle, that is a basic graph
CONJECTURE. Every non-empty balanced circulant is isomorphic to a $G(k,m)$.
Contributed by Diogo Andrade, Endre Boros, and Vladimir Gurvich
Back to the main index for Perfect Graphs.


text: This study develops a new inverse analysis technique for estimating damage patterns in notched composite laminates using an embedded fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor. The damage pattern near the notch was investigated by using a layer-wise finite-element model with cohesive elements for cracks and delamination. The reflection spectrum of the FBG sensor was simulated from the strain distribution obtained along the gage length. We approximated the typical damage pattern (splits, transverse cracks, and delamination) near the notch using some variables; these were then estimated through mathematical programming by minimizing the differences of spectrum shapes between the inputs (e.g. experiments) and the estimations. This damage identification procedure was applied to numerical examples, i.e. simulation results, for a notched CFRP cross-ply laminate. The damage patterns estimated from the calculated reflection spectra were almost identical to those obtained by the simulation. Finally, we estimated the damage pattern of a notched laminate from a measured reflection spectrum of an embedded FBG sensor and demonstrated the capability of the developed identification procedure for practical applications.


Hulk (ship type)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 (Redirected from Receiving ship)
Jump to: navigation, search
For the early European coastal craft, see Hulk (medieval ship type).
Not to be confused with scow or barge.
A hulk moored in Toulon harbour.
More recently, ships have been hulked when they become obsolete or when they become uneconomical to operate.
Sheer hulk[edit]
Sheer hulk at Sheerness Dockyard positioned to make a lift
A sheer hulk (or shear hulk) was used in shipbuilding and repair as a floating crane in the days of sailing ships, primarily to place the lower masts of a ship under construction or repair. Booms known as sheers were attached to the base of a hulk's lower masts or beam, supported from the top of those masts. Blocks & tackle were then used in such tasks as placing or removing the lower masts of vessel under construction or repair.
These lower masts were the largest and most massive single timbers aboard a ship, and erecting them without the assistance of either a sheer hulk or land-based masting sheer was extremely difficult.
Accommodation hulk[edit]
Main article: Barracks ship
French ship Mars, barracks for marines
Receiving hulk[edit]
A receiving ship is a ship that is used in harbor to house newly recruited sailors before they are assigned to a ship's crew.[1]
Receiving ships often served as floating hospitals as many were assigned in locations without shore-based station hospitals. Often the afloat surgeon would take up station on the receiving ship.[citation needed]
Prison hulk[edit]
Main article: Prison ship
Powder hulk[edit]
Salvage pontoon[edit]
Floating storage and offloading units[edit]
Coal hulks[edit]
Service as a coal hulk was usually, but not always, a ship's last.
Other services[edit]
Her front line days over, HMS Temeraire served as a prison hulk, receiving ship, victualing depot, and finally a guard ship before being paid off and sold to the breakers.
A vessel's hulking may not be its final use. Scuttling as a blockship, breakwater, artificial reef, or recreational dive site may await. Some are repurposed, for example as a gambling ship; others are restored and put to new uses, such as a museum ship. Some even return revitalized to sea.
One vessel rescued from this ignominious end was the barque Polly Woodside, now a museum ship in Melbourne, Australia. Another is the James Craig, rescued from Recherche Bay in Tasmania, now restored and regularly sailing from Sydney, Australia.
See also[edit]
 3. ^ Brown, Henry Collins (1919). "The Clipper Ships of Old New York". Valentine's Manual of Old New York (New York: Valentine's Manual) 3: 94–95. Retrieved May 2, 2010.
 4. ^ Information on the wreck "Johanna Smith" Check |url= scheme (help). California Wreck Divers. Retrieved 2010-02-27.


text:
The use of fiber optic cable in water and wastewater applications has become increasingly popular in recent years. One of the most commonly used types of fiber optic cable in these applications is All-Dielectric Self-Supporting (ADSS) cable. ADSS fiber optic cable is ideal for use in environments with high levels of moisture, such as those found in water and wastewater treatment facilities.
However, installing ADSS fiber optic cable in these environments can present several challenges. One of the biggest challenges is ensuring that the cable is properly protected from moisture and water intrusion. Water and wastewater treatment facilities are often wet and humid environments, which can cause the cable to become damaged and lead to signal loss. Additionally, the cable must be able to withstand the mechanical stresses of installation, such as tension and bending.
To address these challenges, there are several solutions available. One solution is to use a water-blocking gel in the cable construction to provide additional moisture protection. Another solution is to use a cable with a higher tensile strength to withstand the mechanical stresses of installation. Additionally, proper cable routing and support can help to minimize the risk of damage to the cable during installation.
When selecting ADSS fiber optic cable for water and wastewater applications, it's important to work with a manufacturer or supplier that has experience in these types of installations. They can provide guidance on selecting the right cable for your specific application and can help to ensure that the cable is properly installed and protected. By taking these steps, you can ensure that your fiber optic cable installation is reliable and provides the high-speed communication that your facility needs.
Post time: Apr-18-2023


Take the 2-minute tour ×
aman (Strong's H539) and batach (Strong's H982) are both used in the OT to imply some level of trust in God.
And he believed (aman:H539) in the LORD; and he counted it to him for righteousness. (Genesis 15:6)
He trusted (batach:H982) in the LORD God of Israel; so that after him was none like him among all the kings of Judah, nor [any] that were before him. (2 Kings 18:5)
What do we learn from their different usages? Does it imply that believing in God is different than trusting in God? Which one is closer to the NT concept of faith?
share|improve this question
+1: I don't know enough about Hebrew to answer this question, but I'd probably start by seeing how LXX translated those words into Greek. – Jon Ericson Nov 8 '11 at 0:02
1 Answer 1
up vote 5 down vote accepted
What does aman mean when it doesn't mean "faith/belief"?
But Moses' hands were heavy; and they took a stone and put it under him, and he sat thereon. And Aaron and Hur held up his hands, the one on the one side and the other on the other side; and his hands were steady (emunah, אמונה) until the going down of the sun.
-Exodus 17:12, KJV
The root used here is aman. In general, the word aman means to make something steady by literally securing it in a physical sense.
What does batach mean when it doesn't mean "faith/belief"?
When batach is used as an adjective it means physical security and protection from attack:
Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people that [were] therein, how they dwelt careless, after the manner of the Zidonians, quiet and secure (la'vetach, לבטח); and [there was] no magistrate in the land, that might put [them] to shame in [any] thing; and they [were] far from the Zidonians, and had no business with [any] man.
-Judges 18:7, KJV
When batach is used as a verb, a person is actively boteach in something else. In this case the root word batach means to have faith that the something else will provide physical security from attack:
And he shall besiege thee in all thy gates until thy high and fortified walls come down wherein thou trusted, (boteach בטח) throughout all thy land; and he shall besiege thee in all thy gates throughout all thy land which the LORD thy God hath given thee.
-Deut. 28:52, KJV
-Judges 9:26
The dual nature of "faith/belief"
Aman and batach are both used in the Bible to mean "faith/belief," but the "faith/belief" which derives from the word aman is different from the "faith/belief" which derives from the word batach.
There are two participants in the act of belief – the believer and the precept or idea or being or concept which is believed in. The act of belief can be characterized by how it affects the precept which is being believed in and by how it affects the agent who is doing the believing.
If I choose to be ma'amin (from the root word aman) in the Pythagorean theorem or in God, I am privately casting a vote of confidence in that precept and defining myself among a community of people who support and uphold that notion. In saying I am boteach (from the root batach) in God, I convey that I am afforded security in that belief. (It wouldn't make sense for me to say I am boteach in the Pythagorean theorem.)
Clarification about the meaning of batach (in response to JonEricson's question):
share|improve this answer
If your life depended on knowing the relationship of the length the hypotenuse to the sides of a right triangle (because of the structural integrity of the platform you are standing on or some such), might you have boteach in the Pythagorean theorem? (I think I understand, but I want to verify.) – Jon Ericson Nov 8 '11 at 18:08
_USER_, not really. I explain why in the "clarification" section I added. – Amichai Nov 8 '11 at 18:36
Thank you for helping me understand. – Jon Ericson Nov 8 '11 at 18:40
Your Answer


Figure 2: Relationship between the nervous system and the muscular system. (1) CNTF is released from the peripheral nerves and is one of the vital trophic factors for both the motor neuron and the myocytes. This growth factor is abundantly synthesized by Schwann cells. (2) MGF is locally released from the muscles and mainly activates satellite cells proliferation. (3) Some trophic factors (TrkB and myogenin) are innervation dependent. (4) Electrical impulse pattern modulates the muscle contractile properties and fiber-type profile.


text:
What are advantages of nano touch blackboards?
Nano blackboard, also known as smart blackboard, is a new type of electronic blackboard that can directly replace traditional blackboards as an intelligent teaching multimedia display device.
Nano blackboard, also known as smart blackboard, is a new type of electronic blackboard that can directly replace traditional blackboards as an intelligent teaching multimedia display device. Nano touch screen blackboard is a high-tech interactive teaching product that integrates various functional devices such as blackboards, touch LCD screens, computers, audio systems, projectors, whiteboards, and more.
In terms of functionality, it covers touch interaction, multimedia teaching, and chalk writing, using world leading nanotouch technology to seamlessly connect traditional teaching blackboards with intelligent electronic blackboards through touch. When writing with chalk, it is also possible to synchronize and interact with teaching content, transforming the traditional teaching blackboard into a perceptible interactive blackboard. It is a revolutionary intelligent interactive teaching device that subverts traditional teaching modes!
The surface of the nano touch screen blackboard is designed with AG nano tempered glass, which has super strong explosion-proof, waterproof, anti drop, impact resistance, and wear resistance. A pure flat surface with rounded corners design makes it safer and more reliable. And the surface is coated with a nano coating that prevents light reflection, which can defend against glare and prevent the formation of reflective images on the blackboard surface. Certified by international authoritative institutions, its blue light filtering effect can reach 95%, maintaining rich and full colors without color deviation, preventing visual fatigue, and effectively protecting vision.
Equipped with a built-in light sensing chip, the nano blackboard screen can automatically adjust the brightness of the screen according to changes in environmental light, which is energy-saving and eye friendly. Intelligent technology endows nano blackboards with support for multiple writing methods, including ordinary chalk, dust-free chalk, water-based liquid pen, whiteboard pen, capacitive pen, and finger touch to achieve writing. This continues the interactive teaching method in the classroom and preserves the traditional teaching habits of blackboard writing.


text:
evive has an inbuilt piezo buzzer, which is an electronic device commonly used to produce sound or tone. The piezo buzzer is connected to digital pin 46 of Arduino Mega and is controlled via PWM.
Piezo buzzer is based on the inverse principle of piezoelectricity discovered in 1880 by Jacques and Pierre Curie. It is the phenomena of generating electricity when mechanical pressure is applied to certain materials. The vice versa is also true. Such materials are called piezoelectric materials. Piezo-ceramic is a class of manmade material, which poses piezoelectric effect and is widely used to make a disc, the heart of piezo buzzer. When subjected to an alternating electric field they stretch or compress, in accordance with the frequency of the signal thereby producing sound.
How to Control Piezo Buzzer in Arduino IDE
To generate the electric signal from evive to control evive, we use tone() function. It generates a square wave of the specific frequency with a 50% duty cycle on digital pin 46. A duration can be specified, otherwise, the wave continues until a call to noTone(). Only one tone can be generated at a time. If a tone is already playing on a different pin, the call to tone() will have no effect. If the tone is playing on the same pin, the call will set its frequency.
The frequency range is from 31 Hz to 65535 Hz.
tone(pin, frequency, duration)
- pin: the pin on which to generate the tone
- frequency: the frequency of the tone in hertz - unsigned int
- duration: the duration of the tone in milliseconds (optional) - unsigned long
To illustrate the use of piezo buzzer please see the following code:
How to Control Piezo Buzzer in Scratch
Play tone block is used to play sound on evive buzzer. When it is executed it plays the tone of specified frequency/note for a specific duration/beat. The note and the beat can be selected from the drop down menu. Also the user can input the specific frequency and duration (in milliseconds).
There is an inbuilt buzzer in evive connected to digital pin 46. By default, this pin is selected.
This block can be used in Arduino Mode as well as in Scratch Mode.
Playing tone using keyboard pins in Scratch mode.
Introduction You must have played Air Hockey! Pay few $$dollars$$ to the gaming zone and just start scoring goals to beat your friends. Isn't it


text:
This puzzle is split into multiple layers representing the different layers in the human body. Children will understand and appreciate the complexity of the human body.
- Each layer has 7 puzzle pieces. include 5 layers.
- Promotes a deeper understanding of biology and human bodies. This wooden figure is a fantastic learning aid, also challenges logic and sequencing skills
- Focuses on a different system that exists within the human body (skeletal, respiratory, digestive, muscular, and integumentary/skin)
- Child safe material and the layer size are designed for the toddlers easily to grab and storage. Wooden product is inevitably uneven in color.
- Warning: small parts are included.
Style: Figure Statue
Package Size:11.5*5.6*0.8 inch.
Recommended age : 3 years old & up
Approved ASTM and CE testing. Made of 100% Real Wood, Non-Toxic, Environment-friendly, Safe for Kids. Meets all specifications of European (EN-71) and American (ASTM) Toy Safety Standards.


text:
The long-awaited online training program Smart Driver for Forestry Trucks is finally live, and you can watch it from the convenience of your home.
Reducing fuel consumption and operating costs are two constant challenges for forest truck drivers. For years, drivers working in forestry operations have been asking for guidelines and efficient driving techniques that save fuel and ensure safety and environmental sustainability.
This is exactly why the Office of Energy Efficiency of Natural Resources Canada and FPInnovations designed this interactive training program. The program provides the needed guidelines and techniques and presents all the economic, environmental and safety benefits of professional driving.
The training program includes videos and quizzes, and includes these five modules:
- Smart driver in the forest industry
- Principles of defensive driving
- Effective driving
- Choice of truck components
- Basic maintenance knowledge
Who is this training intend for?
- Professional drivers
- Fleet owners
To register, go to, _URL_ and enter this key name: drive-smarter.


text:
Karen Thomas and Adonika Jayne
Geometry, Mystery and Pluralism
July 2 – July 18
Thursday July 2 at 7pm
Regular Gallery Hours: Fridays and Saturdays 3-7pm
An exploration of Contemporary Printmaking re-thinking the conventional and pushing the boundaries of the traditional mediums of woodcut, linocut, etching, mezzotint, and silk screening in exploring compositional harmony, multiples, emotional resonance, and scale as expressive elements. Marked by a refusal to sacrifice creative expression in a medium that demands technical attention to detail, Geometry, Mystery and Pluralism further explores how innovation and pluralism is integrated through printmaking into multi-disciplined practices of contemporary artists.
About the artists:
Through her explorations in geometric forms, Adonika Jayne seeks to create a sense of tranquility in a world she views as chaotic. The repetitive nature of printmaking and the ability to produce multiples, for Jayne, is a ritualistic experience. As an expression of spirituality, the image and the process are of equal importance. She is inspired by the simplistic beauty of geometry and works to reinterpret the pre-existing space and forms created by patterns and shapes. This is expressed both two dimensionally and through installation work.
Karen Thomas explores the figurative incorporating elements of the abstract in an interdisciplinary approach of painting, collage and printmaking. Through recent explorations in printmaking, ephemeral qualities are explored in a seemingly unyielding medium and printmaking has become a new voice and passion for creative expression.
The Confluence Series at the SOVA Gallery
is a DIY community exhibition series which offers a space for local artists working in any medium to exhibit their artwork throughout the summer months.


Skip to main content
A basic Salesforce.com REST API client with tweaks.
Project description
_URL_ Documentation Status
Simple Salesforce is a basic Salesforce.com REST API client built for Python 2.6, 2.7, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, and 3.6. The goal is to provide a very low-level interface to the REST Resource and APEX API, returning a dictionary of the API JSON response.
You can find out more regarding the format of the results in the Official Salesforce.com REST API Documentation
Examples
There are two ways to gain access to Salesforce
The first is to simply pass the domain of your Salesforce instance and an access token straight to Salesforce()
For example:
from simple_salesforce import Salesforce
sf = Salesforce(instance='na1.salesforce.com', session_id='')
If you have the full URL of your instance (perhaps including the schema, as is included in the OAuth2 request process), you can pass that in instead using instance_url:
from simple_salesforce import Salesforce
sf = Salesforce(instance_url='_URL_', session_id='')
There are also two means of authentication, one that uses username, password and security token and the other that uses IP filtering, username, password and organizationId
To login using the security token method, simply include the Salesforce method and pass in your Salesforce username, password and token (this is usually provided when you change your password):
from simple_salesforce import Salesforce
sf = Salesforce(username='_EMAIL_', password='password', security_token='token')
To login using IP-whitelist Organization ID method, simply use your Salesforce username, password and organizationId:
from simple_salesforce import Salesforce
sf = Salesforce(password='password', username='_EMAIL_', organizationId='OrgId')
If you'd like to enter a sandbox, simply add domain='test' to your Salesforce() call.
For example:
from simple_salesforce import Salesforce
sf = Salesforce(username='_EMAIL_', password='password', security_token='token', domain='test')
Note that specifying if you want to use a domain is only necessary if you are using the built-in username/password/security token authentication and is used exclusively during the authentication step.
If you'd like to keep track where your API calls are coming from, simply add client_id='My App' to your Salesforce() call.
from simple_salesforce import Salesforce
sf = Salesforce(username='_EMAIL_', password='password', security_token='token', client_id='My App', domain='test')
If you view the API calls in your Salesforce instance by Client Id it will be prefixed with RestForce/, for example RestForce/My App.
When instantiating a Salesforce object, it's also possible to include an instance of requests.Session. This is to allow for specialized session handling not otherwise exposed by simple_salesforce.
For example:
from simple_salesforce import Salesforce
import requests
session = requests.Session()
# manipulate the session instance (optional)
sf = Salesforce(
 username='_EMAIL_', password='password', organizationId='OrgId',
 session=session)
Record Management
To create a new 'Contact' in Salesforce:
sf.Contact.create({'LastName':'Smith','Email':'_EMAIL_'})
This will return a dictionary such as {u'errors': [], u'id': u'003e0000003GuNXAA0', u'success': True}
To get a dictionary with all the information regarding that record, use:
contact = sf.Contact.get('003e0000003GuNXAA0')
To get a dictionary with all the information regarding that record, using a custom field that was defined as External ID:
contact = sf.Contact.get_by_custom_id('My_Custom_ID__c', '22')
To change that contact's last name from 'Smith' to 'Jones' and add a first name of 'John' use:
sf.Contact.update('003e0000003GuNXAA0',{'LastName': 'Jones', 'FirstName': 'John'})
To delete the contact:
sf.Contact.delete('003e0000003GuNXAA0')
To retrieve a list of Contact records deleted over the past 10 days (datetimes are required to be in UTC):
import pytz
import datetime
end = datetime.datetime.now(pytz.UTC) # we need to use UTC as salesforce API requires this!
sf.Contact.deleted(end - datetime.timedelta(days=10), end)
To retrieve a list of Contact records updated over the past 10 days (datetimes are required to be in UTC):
import pytz
import datetime
end = datetime.datetime.now(pytz.UTC) # we need to use UTC as salesforce API requires this
sf.Contact.updated(end - datetime.timedelta(days=10), end)
Note that Update, Delete and Upsert actions return the associated Salesforce HTTP Status Code
Use the same format to create any record, including 'Account', 'Opportunity', and 'Lead'. Make sure to have all the required fields for any entry. The Salesforce API has all objects found under 'Reference -> Standard Objects' and the required fields can be found there.
Queries
It's also possible to write select queries in Salesforce Object Query Language (SOQL) and search queries in Salesforce Object Search Language (SOSL).
SOQL queries are done via:
sf.query("SELECT Id, Email FROM Contact WHERE LastName = 'Jones'")
If, due to an especially large result, Salesforce adds a nextRecordsUrl to your query result, such as "nextRecordsUrl" : "/services/data/v26.0/query/01gD0000002HU6KIAW-2000", you can pull the additional results with either the ID or the full URL (if using the full URL, you must pass 'True' as your second argument)
sf.query_more("01gD0000002HU6KIAW-2000")
sf.query_more("/services/data/v26.0/query/01gD0000002HU6KIAW-2000", True)
As a convenience, to retrieve all of the results in a single local method call use
sf.query_all("SELECT Id, Email FROM Contact WHERE LastName = 'Jones'")
SOSL queries are done via:
sf.search("FIND {Jones}")
There is also 'Quick Search', which inserts your query inside the {} in the SOSL syntax. Be careful, there is no escaping!
sf.quick_search("Jones")
Search and Quick Search return None if there are no records, otherwise they return a dictionary of search results.
More details about syntax is available on the Salesforce Query Language Documentation Developer Website
Other Options
To insert or update (upsert) a record using an external ID, use:
sf.Contact.upsert('customExtIdField__c/11999',{'LastName': 'Smith','Email': '_EMAIL_'})
To retrieve basic metadata use:
sf.Contact.metadata()
To retrieve a description of the object, use:
sf.Contact.describe()
To retrieve a description of the record layout of an object by its record layout unique id, use:
sf.Contact.describe_layout('39wmxcw9r23r492')
To retrieve a list of top level description of instance metadata, user:
sf.describe()
for x in sf.describe()["sobjects"]:
 print x["label"]
Using Bulk
You can use this library to access Bulk API functions.
Create new records:
data = [{'LastName':'Smith','Email':'_EMAIL_'}, {'LastName':'Jones','Email':'_EMAIL_'}]
sf.bulk.Contact.insert(data)
Update existing records:
data = [{'Id': '0000000000AAAAA', 'Email': '_EMAIL_'}, {'Id': '0000000000BBBBB', 'Email': '_EMAIL_'}]
sf.bulk.Contact.update(data)
Upsert records:
data = [{'Id': '0000000000AAAAA', 'Email': '_EMAIL_'}, {'Id': '', 'Email': '_EMAIL_'}]
sf.bulk.Contact.upsert


text:
employee of Madame
Walker's empire, Majorie Joyner, invented a permanent wave machine.
This device, patented in 1928, curled or "permed" women's hair for a relatively
lengthy period of time. The wave machine was popular among women white
and black allowing for longer-lasting wavy hair styles. Marjorie Joyner
went on to become a prominent figure in Walker's industry, though Majorie
Joyner never profited directly from her invention, for it was the assigned
property of the Walker Company.
Marjorie Joyner was born in 1896
in the rural Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia and moved to Chicago to study
cosmetology. Madam Walker was a Chicago business women who had come to
fame as the beauty product supplier to hollywood star Josephine Baker.
Marjorie Stewart Joyner invented her wave machine as a solution to the
hair problems of African American women, however, she never profited form
her invention. Madame Walker owned the rights.
Marjorie Joyner became thee Director
of Madame Walker's beauty schools. Together with Mary Bethune Mcleod, Majorie
Joyner founded the United Beauty School Owners and Teachers Association
Marjorie Joyner also volunteered
for several charities that helped house, educate, and find work for African
Americans during the Great Depression.
Related Innovations Madame
Walker Madame Walker was a St. Louis washerwoman
turned entrepreneur, who in 1905 invented a method to soften and smooth
black women's hair. Joyner worked for Walker's company.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Female terrorists are a rare phenomenon. Less than ten terrorist organizations throughout the world have women members. These terrorist groups are either Marxist (atheist) or Jihadist in their ideologies. Sexual Jihad: The Role of Islam in Female Terrorism ascertains, "What is the role of Islam in female terrorism?" It explores the roles of women in eight jihadist case studies including: Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigade, Boko Haram, the Chechen Separatists, HAMAS, Hezbollah, ISIS, the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood, and Al Qaeda. Primary sources and secondary sources are used, including research conducted on Palestinian women in Israeli prisons who have been convicted of terrorism. It is argued that are three roles for women in Jihadist terrorism: the disposable, the domestic, and the secretary. The theory posited in this book is that the roles of women in terrorist groups are similar to their cultural/religious roles in society.
Chapter 1: The Roles of Women in Islam, the Quran, and the
Chapter 2: Some Thoughts on Female Jihadist Motivation and Radicalization
Chapter 3: The Domestics
Chapter 4: The Secretaries
Chapter 5: The Disposables (Mujahidat)
Chapter 6: The Women of Cohar: Convicted Jihadist Terrorists in an Israeli Prison
Chapter 7: Female Home-Grown and Emigrant Terrorism in the United States
Christine Sixta Rinehart is associate professor of political science at the University of South Carolina, Palmetto College.


problem is when Outlook starts asking for the user credentials, even if the correct password is specified. It looks like this: after starting Outlook it successfully connects to the on-premises Exchange server (or Office 365 mailbox), the user sees a list of folders in the mailbox and new emails in the Inbox. But after a few minutes of normal work, a window appears for entering the user name and password. The user enters the password and presses OK, but the window with the prompt to enter the credentials appears again. By clicking the "Cancel" button, the user can continue to work with Outlook, but after a while the window asking for the password pops up again (sometimes the user account may be locked at the same time). The problem occurs in different versions of Outlook (2019/2016/365) and Windows (there was a problem in both Windows 7/8.1 and Windows 10).
Outlook 2016 keeps asking for a password
Most admins in this case try to recreate the mail profile, reinstall Office – but this usually does not help. Outlook periodicity still requires the user to enter a password.
Let's look into several ways that can help you to remove the annoying password request window in Outlook. First of all, of course, you need to make sure that the user enters the correct password, and didn't forget it.
Also, try to connect to your mailbox through the web interface (OWA) and log in. Perhaps the problem is that the user password has expired (the password has expired according to the domain password policy settings) and must be changed.
Clear Saved Outlook Credentials
Check if you have Outlook saved passwords stored in the Windows Credential Manager, try to delete them all. To do this, go to Control Panel\All Control Panel Items\User Accounts\Manage your credential -> Windows Credentials. Find the saved passwords for Outlook/Office in the Generic Credentials list and remove them.
clear outlook saved credentials
To directly access Credential Manager, run the command:
rundll32.exe keymgr.dll,KRShowKeyMgr
saved passwords in the Credential Manager
Disable "Always Prompt for Credentials" Option in Outlook
Open your Outlook Account Settings (File -> Account Settings -> Account Settings), double click on your Exchange account. Go to More settings -> select Security tab. Clear the checkbox Always prompt for credentials in the User identification section.
If you have an Office 365 mailbox connected, this tab should have an additional "Logon network security" field. Make sure that "Anonymous Authentication" is not selected.
Always prompt for credentials
Outlook Anywhere and NTLM authentication
If your Outlook is configured to access the Exchange mailbox using Outlook Anywhere (MAPI over HTTP), verify that NTLM authentication is used. At the same time, you need to check the authentication type used for the IIS site on the Exchange server.
If the computer with a problem Outlook is not joined to the Active Directory domain, then on the contrary, you should try to switch from NTLM authentication to Basic.
Outlook: Disable Office 365 Autodiscover
Somewhere in the fall of 2016, an update was released for Outlook 2016 that enabled a mandatory check of the Office 365 cloud connection point. You can verify this by using the Fiddler or TCPView tools and track the attempts to connect to the autodiscover-s.outlook.com and outlook.office365.com servers.
To disable this check, go to the registry key HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software \Microsoft\Office\16.0\Outlook\AutoDiscover and create new DWORD parameter named ExcludeExplicitO365Endpoint and value 1. Restart Outlook.
The ExcludeExplicitO365Endpoint registry parameter is applicable to Outlook 2016 version 16.0.6741.2017 and newer (this parameter is additional to the list of parameters that determine the types of Autodiscover processes when Outlook starts.
You can make changes to the registry with the following command:
reg add HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Office\x.0\Outlook\AutoDiscover /t REG_DWORD /v ExcludeExplicitO365Endpoint /d 1
Or, using the PowerShell cmdlet Set-ItemProperty:
Set-ItemProperty -Path "HKCU:\Software\Microsoft\Office\16.0\Outlook\AutoDiscover" -Name 'ExcludeExplicitO365Endpoint' -Value 1 -Type DWORD –Force
Change Office 365 User Authentication Method
If your mailbox has been migrated from on-premises Exchange to Office 365 or you have two mailboxes connected in Outlook (one from the on-premises Exchange, the second from Office 365) and you use an RPC connection, in this case Outlook doesn't use Modern Authentication (also used for MFA). In this case, your credentials are sent to Office 356 instead of token. To force Outlook to use modern authentication for RPC connections, you need to add the AlwaysUseMSOAuthForAutoDiscover DWORD parameter with the value 1 to the registry key HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Exchange.
Set-ItemProperty -Path " HKCU:\Software\Microsoft\Exchange" -Name 'AlwaysUseMSOAuthForAutoDiscover' -Value 1 -Type DWORD -Force The registry settings can be deployed to domain computers using a GPO.
Ensure that a Modern Authentication is enabled for your Office 365 account in the Office 365 Admin Center (Settings -> Services & add-ins).
enable office 365 modern authentication
If on the contrary you want to completely disable Modern Authentication in Outlook 2016/2019/365 (this authentication method should be disabled in the Admin Center), you need to configure the following registry settings: This method should help to fix problems with constantly requested credentials in Outlook 2016/2019 with Office 365 mailbox connected.
Set-ItemProperty -Path "HKCU:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Office\16.0\Common\Identity" -Name EnableAdal -Value 0 -Type DWORD –Force
Set-ItemProperty -Path "HKCU:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Office\16.0\Common\Identity" -Name DisableADALatopWAMOverride -Value 1 -Type DWORD –Force
Set-ItemProperty -Path "HKCU:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Office\16.0\Common\Identity" -Name DisableAADWAM -Value 1 -Type DWORD –Force
Recreate Your Outlook Profile
If all of these methods above did not help you get rid of the problem, try to delete and recreate your Outlook profile. You can create a new Outlook profile using the Mail icon in the Control Panel or using the outlook.exe /manageprofiles command.
re-create outlook profile using mail app
If the Mail app icon is missing in Control Panel, it can be restored this way.
Temporary Disable Your Anti-virus and Firewall Protection
Perhaps the Exchange connection problem is caused by your anti-virus or firewall software. Try to temporarily disable it and check whether Outlook continues to prompts a password.
Poor Network Connection to Exchange Server
A poor and unstable network connection to the Exchange server and/or domain controller can also be a source of periodic password requests in Outlook. You can test the network performance using the iperf tool.
Also check the computer time, it should differ from the time on the domain controller for no more than 5 minutes. If more, check the NTP time synchronization scheme in your domain.
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Using Visual Studio Code Instead of PowerShell ISE _URL_ _URL_ Wed, 16 Sep 2020 14:00:00 +0000 _URL_ Most administrators use the PowerShell ISE (Integrated Scripting Environment) to build their PowerShell scripts. But by now Microsoft has almost stopped developing PowerShell ISE and recommends using a more powerful, convenient, flexible and free tool instead — Visual Studio Code (VS Code). In this post, we'll cover how to install, configure and use Visual Studio Code instead of PowerShell ISE to run your PowerShell commands as well as to develop and test complex PowerShell scripts.
VS Code is a cross-platform development environment with a lot of extensions you can use to create a code almost on any programming language. VS Code has the integrated Git support and a vast number of features to work with your code and debug it.
You can download VSCode for free following this link: _URL_ Download the VSCodeSetup-x64 installation file (about 53MB) and run it.
VSCode installation does not cause any problems. However, it is recommended to add paths to Visual Studio Code to the environment variable PATH during the installation.
install visual studio code
After starting Visual Studio Code, you will have to install a special free extension that supports PowerShell language — ms-vscode.PowerShell (_URL_
This extension gives you advanced options to work with your PowerShell code: syntax-highlighting, snippets, automatic command hinting (IntelliSense), integrated help and cmdlet browser, interactive script debugging, etc.
You can install the extension from the Extension menu in the left sidebar. Search by powershell key and install the PowerShell extension: Develop PowerShell scripts in Visual Studio Code.
install powershell extension for visual studio code
If you are working in an isolated environment, you can install the extension from a VS