Learning Hybrid Recommender Models for Heterogeneous Semantic Data
Recommender algorithms are key technologies supporting users to deal with information overload. Recommender Systems (RS) aim at identifying relevant items a user is unaware of. The relevance of items depends on various criteria such as item properties, the relationship to other items, user preferences, and contexts. The aggregation of different criteria is the key in computing high-quality recommendations. We propose a novel approach for automatically learning parameters for recommendations based on semantic datasets (graphs). We outline how scaling models and noise reduction models allow us to consider individual dataset properties. We evaluated the proposed methods on a semantic movie data set. The evaluation shows that each semantic relationship set requires a separate recommender model. Combining such recommender models yields much higher precision. We show the recommender ensembles outperform recommenders based on aggregated semantic graphs (block matrix recommender).
author = {Andreas Lommatzsch and Benjamin Kille and Sahin Albayrak},
title = {Learning Hybrid Recommender Models for Heterogeneous Semantic Data},
booktitle = {Proc. of the 28th Symposium On Applied Computing, SAC 2013},
year = {2013},
series = {SAC '13},
pages = {275--276},
isbn = {978-1-4503-1656-9},
location = {Coimbra, Portugal},
publisher = {ACM},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
keywords = {Recommender Systems, Block Matrices, Ensembles, Semantic, Graphs},
Conference Paper
ACM SAC'13, March 18-22, 2013, Coimbra, Portugal


text:
Bogda Mountains, China
The Turpan Depression, nestled at the foot of the Bogda Mountains in northwestern China, is a strange mix of salt lakes and sand dunes. At the bottom of the basin is Aydingkol Lake, which appears blue in this Landsat 7 image from 1999. Once a permanent lake and now a salty swamp, the lake is 155 meters below sea level, making it the third lowest place on Earth's land surface after the Dead Sea and Africa's Lake Assal. A region of temperature extremes, the Turpan Depression extends over 50,000 square kilometers. The city of Turpan, located in the higher northern part of the depression, was an important trading center on the ancient Silk Road.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
How many people could the water in Mars' Utopia Planitia support?
As reported recently in Space.com (1), NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the University of Texas, Austin have determined underground water deposits in Mars' Utopia Planitia region larger in volume than Lake Superior (2,3). The deposit, located in the northern midlatitudes, contains 50-85% water ice and is covered by 1-10 m of regolith, shielding it from evaporation and ultimate loss to space. Researchers report an ice volume of 14,300 km3.
It is difficult to understate the importance of this discovery as a resource for human settlement. While ice has been discovered in numerous regions across the planet, most of it is buried along with frozen carbon dioxide at the poles, mixed with large amounts of regolith, or chemically bound to minerals such as calcium sulfate, making extraction difficult (4).
How many humans could such a resource support? One has to look beyond basic hydration and hygiene to include other uses for water in a self-sustaining settlement, including commercial and industrial operations as well as agriculture. While difficult to estimate because no large-scale plans have been fully developed for the Red Planet, we can look to water-constrained states such as California as examples. Raucher and Tchobanoglous (5) estimate that 1 billion gallons/day could meet all municipal needs (e.g., residential, commercial & industrial) to 8 million people in the Los Angeles region. This translates to 125 gallons/day/person, or 473 kg/day/person. However, agricultural use must also be included in any long-term settlement plans; California typically consumes 30 billion gallons/day for agriculture, with a state population of 33.5 million (6); consumption is therefore about 900 gallons/day/person. California is a net exporter of agricultural products, but it also imports nearly as much in terms of economic value (7), so we assume that California's agriculture approximates a self-sufficient system. While future agriculture on Mars would presumably be much more water-efficient than California's, we conservatively estimate 50% of this agricultural water demand, or 450 gallons/day/person, resulting in a total water need of 2,175 kg/day/person.
If this water is used only once and discarded, Utopia Planitia could sustain a million-person settlement for 18,000 years. But water can be treated and re-used; even on Earth with our abundant freshwater resources, we are already pushing up against natural supply limits, and are beginning to treat and re-use our water for agricultural, and sometimes municipal, purposes. State-of-the-art water treatment technology promises >98% water recycling using reverse osmosis plus any of a number of secondary treatment technologies (8). At 98% recovery, the Utopia resource could sustain a million-person settlement for nearly 1 million years. Even if the settlement population grew enormously—say to 1 billion people—the resource would still be adequate for 900 years, more than enough time to advance the technology to nearly 100% recovery, essentially sustaining it indefinitely.
One major activity that could permanently deplete water resources on Mars is the production of rocket propellant (H2/O2, CH4/O2 or anything else containing water as a feedstock) that is lost to space when used. Elon Musk's Interplanetary Transport System would require 1,950 tonnes of CH4/O2 propellant to transport 100 people from Earth orbit to the Mars surface (9), and another 1,950 tonnes to return the spacecraft to Earth (with far fewer people). I calculate that each flight requires about 1,100 tonnes of water (with the balance supplied by carbon dioxide, with some oxygen left over). Musk envisions a mature fleet of 1,000 ships flying to and from Mars every synodic period (2.14 years), which would require an additional 1.4 million kg/day of H2O. While large, it is only 1.4 kg/day/person – a small drain on the demands of the human settlement.
1. Wall, M. Huge Underground Ice Deposit on Mars Is Bigger Than New Mexico, Space.com, 22 November 2016. _URL_
2. NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Mars Ice Deposit Holds as Much Water as Lake Superior, Press release 2016-299, 22 November 2016. _URL_
3. C. M. Stuurman et al., SHARAD detection and characterization of subsurface water ice deposits in Utopia Planitia, Mars, Geophysical Research Letters (2016). DOI: 10.1002/2016GL070138.
4. Abbud-Madrid, A., D. W. Beaty, D. Boucher, B. Bussey, R. Davis, L. Gertsch, L. E. Hays, J. Kleinhenz, M. A. Meyer, M. Moats, R. P. Mueller, A. Paz, N. Suzuki, P. van Susante, C. Whetsel, E. A. Zbinden, Mars Water In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) Planning (M-WIP) Study, California Institute of Technology, 22 April 2016. _URL_
5. Raucher, B., G. Tchobanoglous, The Opportunities and Economics of Direct Potable Reuse, White paper 14-08, WaterReuse, 2014. _URL_
6. Klein, G., M. Krebs, V. Hall, T. O'Brien, B. B. Blevins, California's Water-Energy Relationship, California Energy Commission, CEC-_PHONE_-SF, November 2005. _URL_
7. Medina, J. Fast Facts on California's Agricultural Economy, Assembly Committee on Jobs, Economic Development, and the Economy, no date. _URL_
8. Afrasiabi, N., E. Shahbazali, RO brine treatment and disposal methods, Desalination and Water Treatment 35 (2011). DOI: 10.5004/dwt.2011.3128.
9. Musk E., Making Humans a Multiplanetary Species, Keynote talk, International Astronautical Congress, Guadalajara, Mexico, 26 September 2016. _URL_

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Dense clubmoss is a perennial evergreen, non-flowering herb that forms dense mats that rarely exceed 1-in. in height. Stems are compactly branched, leafy and lie along the soil surface. Leaves are simple and awn-tipped, are 1/10 of an inch. long and arranged in dense spirals along the stem.
Its roots are extremely fine, minutely branched and extend 1-2 in. into the soil. Despite their fineness, the extensive branching of dense clubmoss roots makes up as much as 85% of the plant's dry matter.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Objective: To examine interactive relations of blood pressure (BP) and age to MRI indices of subclinical cerebrovascular disease in middle-aged to older adults.
Methods: One hundred and thirteen stroke-free and dementia-free, community-dwelling adults (ages 54–81 years; 65% men; 91% white) engaged in (1) clinical assessment of resting SBP and DBP; (2) MRI rated for periventricular white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and deep WMH silent brain infarction (SBI) and brain atrophy (i.e. ventricular enlargement and sulcal widening ). Principal components analysis of the MRI ratings yielded a two-component solution – (1) periventricular and deep WMH SBI; and (2) ventricular enlargement, sulcal widening.
Results: Relations of SBP, DBP and pulse pressure (PP) (and their interactions with age) to each MRI component were examined in multiple regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, fasting plasma glucose and cholesterol, and antihypertensives. For component 1, results indicated significant interactions of SBP and PP with age (P < 0.05); higher levels of SBP and PP were associated with greater white matter disease and brain infarction at younger ages (≤68 years). Significant interactions of SBP and DBP with age were also noted for component 2 (P < 0.05); higher levels of BP were associated with greater brain atrophy at younger ages (≤63 years).
Conclusion: Higher BP and PP are associated with greater subclinical cerebrovascular disease most prominently in the 'young old'. Appropriate management of hypertension and arterial stiffening may be critical to the preservation of brain structure with ageing.


What is Extreme Energy?
Extreme Energy (sometimes written Xtreme Energy) is a term used to describe a group of energy extraction methods that have emerged in recent years as the availability of fossil fuel resources has become more constrained. As more usual methods of extracting fossil fuels fail to provide the amounts of energy that civilisation demands governments and corporations are taking increasingly extreme measures to feed these demands. Examples of these extreme methods include Tar Sands, Mountain Top Removal, Deep Water Drilling, Coal Bed Methane and Shale Gas. Other non-fossil fuel energy extraction methods such as agrofuels and a new generation of nuclear power stations, whose introduction is also being driven by the same pressures, are also sometimes considered part of the extreme energy sector.
For more information read this blog post >>


Would you like to know about Prince William's home? Watch the film and find out. Then learn some words and grammar for describing your own home.
Task 1 - places and homes
Task 2 - rooms and places in the palace
Task 3 - understanding the film
Write about your home using 'There is / There are'. If you go to a college, ask your teacher to look at your writing.


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Aristide Maillol, Torso of the Monument to Blanqui, 1905
From the Tate Gallery:
This sculpture derives from a full-length statue made as a memorial for the French socialist Louis-Auguste Blanqui. Because Blanqui spent much of his life imprisoned for his revolutionary activities, the complete monument showed a woman in chains. Maillol later reworked the figure to make this torso. In this fragmentary form it echoes the classical heritage of Greek art, and by extension the qualities of purity, energy and democratic freedom associated with ancient Athens and with Blanqui's struggle.


text:
Face authentication allows users to unlock their device simply by looking at the front of their device. Android 10 adds support for a new face authentication stack that can securely process camera frames, preserving security and privacy during face authentication on supported hardware. Android 10 also provides an easy way for security compliant implementations to enable application integration for transactions, such as online banking or other services.
The BiometricPrompt API includes all biometric authentication including, face, finger, and iris. The Face HAL interacts with the following components.
FaceManager is a private interface that maintains a
FaceService. It's used by Keyguard to
access face authentication with a custom UI. Apps don't
have access to FaceManager and must use
This is the framework implementation that manages access to the face authentication hardware. It contains basic enrollment and authentication state machines as well as various other helpers (for example, enumeration). Because of stability and security concerns, no vendor code is permitted to run in this process. All vendor code is accessed through the Face 1.0 HIDL interface.
This is a Linux executable that implements the Face 1.0 HIDL interface used
FaceService. It registers itself as IBiometricsFace@1.0 so that
can find it.
To implement the Face HIDL, you must implement all the methods of
in a vendor-specific library.
Error messages are sent by a callback and return the state machine to the
idle state after they're sent. Most messages have a
corresponding user-facing string to inform the user of the error, but not all
errors have this user-facing string. For more information on error messages, see
All error messages represent a terminal state, meaning the framework assumes that the
HAL returns to an idle state after sending an error message.
Acquisition messages are delivered during enrollment or authentication and
are meant to guide the user toward a successful enrollment or authentication.
Each ordinal has
an associated message from the
file. Vendor-specific messages can be added as long as the corresponding help
strings are provided. Acquisition messages aren't terminal states in and of
themselves; the HAL is expected to send as many of these as necessary to
complete the current enrollment or authentication. If an acquisition message
results in a terminal state where no progress can be made, then the HAL should
follow the acquisition messages with an error message, for example, where the
image is too dark and stays too dark for progress to be made. In this case, it's
reasonable to send
UNABLE_TO_PROCESS after several attempts have been made
but no further progress can be made.
For devices to comply with the strong biometric requirements for Android 10, they must have secure hardware to ensure the integrity of face data and the ultimate authentication comparison. The Android Compatibility Definition Document (CDD) outlines the level of security required and the acceptable spoof acceptance rate (SAR) required. A trusted execution environment (TEE) is required for secure processing and recognition. Additionally, secure camera hardware is required to prevent injection attacks on face authentication. For example, the associated memory pages for image data could be privileged and marked read-only so only the camera hardware can update them. Ideally, no process should have access except TEE and the hardware.
Because face authentication hardware varies considerably, it's necessary to
develop hardware-specific drivers to enable face authentication, depending on
specific device architecture. As such, there is no reference
The following methods are all asynchronous and must immediately return to the framework. Failing to do so results in a slow system and potential Watchdog resets. It's recommended to have a message queue with multiple threads to avoid blocking the caller. All GET requests should cache information where possible so the caller is blocked for a minimal amount of time.
FaceService to plumb all messages back to itself.
|Sets the active user, which all subsequent HAL operations are applied. Authentication is always for this user until this method is called again.
|Finishes the secure transaction by invalidating the challenge generated
|Enrolls a user's face.
|Cancels the current operation (for example, enroll, authenticate,
remove, or enumerate) and returns
faced to the idle state.
|Enumerates all face templates associated with the active user.
|Removes a face template or all face templates associated with the active user.
|Authenticates the active user.
|This method should only be used when the HAL is in the authenticating or
standby state. Using this method when the HAL is not in one of these
this method while the HAL is already authenticating may extend the
amount of time the system looks for a face.
|When too many faces are rejected,
faced is required to enter a lockout
LOCKOUT_PERMANENT). When it
does, it's required to send the remaining time to the framework so it can
display it for the user. As with
setFeature(), this method requires an
active hardware authentication token (HAT) to securely reset the internal state. Resets lockout
only for the current user.
The three remaining methods are all synchronous and should block for the minimal amount of time to avoid stalling the framework.
|Generates a unique and cryptographically secure random token used to indicate the start of a secure transaction.
|Enables or disables a feature for the current user. For security reasons, this requires a HAT from checking the user's pin/pattern/password against the above challenge
|Retrieves the current enablement state of the feature, as dictated by
the default or a call to
setFeature() above. If the face ID is invalid, the
implementation must return
|Returns an identifier associated with the current face set. This identifier must change whenever a face is added
The framework expects
faced to follow the state diagram below.


text:
Dany, Eka Parasetia, and R, Ritaningsih, and P, Purwanto (2012) PENGAMBILAN ZAT WARNA ALAMI DARI KAYU NANGKA. JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI, 1 (1). pp. 502-507.
|PDF - Published Version|
Official URL: _URL_
Textile dyes are divided into two, namely natural dyes and synthetic dyes. Natural dyes derived from animals and plants while the synthesis of dyes can be produced from these chemicals. Jackfruit plants is one type of plant that can be utilized as a source of natural dyes for textiles by the wood extract. Manufacture of dyes from the jackfruit wood performed by the method of continue extractionoe with a soxhlet. Extraction results in the ratio 1: 15 that is the longer the extraction time the higher the yield obtained. The optimum time for extraction is 5 hours with a yield of 2.62% obtained for wood powder and shavings in 1:31% for water content in the material 10%. While on the water content of 50% results in a material obtained by extraction of 2.08% for wood powder and 1.08% for the shavings. In the ratio 1: 10 gained 1.68% yield for wood powder and shavings to 0.94% for water content in the material 10%. While on the water content of 50% results in a material is 1.43% to 0.89% sawdust and shavings for. A very influential variable is the size of material and moisture content in the material. In the extraction of dyes, solvents with a ratio of 1:15, the water content of 10% and the size of 100 mesh material produced the greatest yield of 2.62% obtained by linear regression is Y = 1.328 + 0256 x with a percent error of 0.16%. In the test fabric made with two methods ie with loundrymeter method for washing and methods crockmeter for the desecration. Results of analysis of the fabric that has been colored later in the match with a grayscale and stainning scale.
|Uncontrolled Keywords:||Natural Dyes, Jackfruit, Extraction.|
|Subjects:||T Technology > TP Chemical technology|
|Divisions:||Faculty of Engineering > Department of Chemical Engineering|
Faculty of Engineering > Department of Chemical Engineering
|Deposited By:||teknik kimia|
|Deposited On:||08 Nov 2012 10:00|
|Last Modified:||08 Nov 2012 10:00|
Repository Staff Only: item control page


not moving only the energy is moving through the water.
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text:
How to Neutralise Mother Tongue Influence (MTI) while speaking English?
Hello English learners & Overseas Aspirants!
I have a very interesting and relatable topic to discuss today: How to neutralise mother tongue influence (MTI) while speaking English? It is interesting because most of us are unaware of the fact that at times we speak English like Punjabi, Gujarati, Telugu or Bengali. We usually blame dialects for this, especially when we hear the words like 'see' instead of 'she', 'phonts' instead of 'fonts', 'veener' instead of 'winner', 'iskool' instead of school, 'understandabul' instead of 'understandable.'
After becoming aware of mistakes which we make while using English with interference of sounds from the mother tongue, we happen to lose our confidence when speaking English in public which may result into embarrassment or hatred for English language. Don't you worry as this is not a serious problem and it can be overcome with the right practice.
How to Neutralise Mother Tongue Influence (MTI) while Speaking English?
Mother tongue influence (MTI) means the impact of the usage of our mother tongue on the second language; for example, English. In other words, we can figure out the ethnicity/nationality of someone with the way he/she uses the dialects that interferes with English speaking. This is very common in India.
The fact that impressive English speaking is key to good communication skills cannot be denied, and with grammar and vocabulary, pronunciation too is given equal weightage worldwide. However, the evidence of mother tongue influence is obvious, so this manifests in the form of incorrect pronunciation.
Why do People Face MTI Problem?
The biggest reason for MTI problem is the lack of importance given to pronunciation in most of Indian schools because the number of dialects in India is too high; hence, it is very difficult to pick each one for research and neutralise it. So, it is considered a serious challenge faced by English teachers across India.
What can be done to Overcome Mother Tongue Influence?
It might sound like a pipedream to practice and master the sounds of consonants and vowels (phonetics); however, it is not so. Here are some ways to get rid of mother-tongue influence while using English.
- Well, reading the Oxford dictionary is highly recommended to know the pronunciation of each word as the words are also spelled phonetically; e.g.: cuisine /kwɪˈziːn/.
- Practicing tongue-twisters may also help in improving the pronunciation particularly of homophonic words, and to learn differentiate between the sound of consonants like 's-sound', 'f-sound', etc.
- Start watching English news on Star World, CNN, BBC if you haven't started yet. Honestly speaking, I find this option quite boring, so I prefer watching English series from Netflix because I find it recreational and interesting.
Undoubtedly, watching English news would be a great help as you would also improve your fluency by imitating the newsreader.
- Usage of Artificial intelligence eg: SIRI, google assistant for detection of the words. You may have to keep pronouncing the same word until Siri or google assistant detects it and bingo! There you go!
- Read aloud in English for 15-20 minutes daily and record your voice. I prefer to read aloud from the newspaper or magazines. Research has proven the fact that it takes at least three months to develop strong mouth muscles to speak a new language.
So, use all the tips to prevent the interference of regional language while using English. Feel free to reach out to me. All the best!
The students who are appearing for PTE at Aspire Square tend to get an extra practice of the question types of Speaking module such as Read aloud, repeat sentences, re-tell lectures and describe image with accurate pronunciation and intonation; thus, making us PTE Coaching Centre in Ahmedabad, Surat and Vadodara.
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text:
Abstract by Brittni Newbold
Physics and Astronomy
Magnetic Ordering of Magnetite (Fe3O4) Nanoparticle Assemblies
Magnetite nanoparticles have great potential for use in medical and other applications, so understanding their properties is crucial. The goal of this project is to determine how the magnetic ordering in magnetite nanoparticle assemblies changes as a function of nanoparticle size, temperature and external magnetic field. Samples of these nanoparticle assemblies were put through x-ray resonant magnetic scattering which produced scattering images that provide information about the magnetic ordering of the particles. These images were reduced to one-dimensional scattering profiles. By fitting these scattering profiles with a model, we are determining the specific magnetic orderings present in the assemblies and their associated weights. The results of the fits for high temperature show little antiferromagnetic contribution for smaller particles and a small peak in the antiferromagnetic contribution for larger particles as the field value approaches zero.


text:
International Year 2008
The United Nations (UN) dedicates an entire calendar year to focus on particular topics or themes. Many countries actively participate in promoting these years.
timeanddate.com has list of "International Year" events allocated to an entire calendar year for 2008. Global organizations, such as the United Nations (UN), organized these events to raise public awareness on major global issues and to encourage international action.
The events for 2008 include:
- The International Year of Languages.
- The International Year of Planet Earth.
- The International Year of the Potato.
- The International Year of Sanitation.
Many countries worldwide celebrated these events.


text:
IN MATH: 1. 1/100; 1 ÷ 10 ÷ 10; (1/10)²; a tenth of a tenth. EX. A cent is one hundredth of a dollar. Five cents is 5 hundredths of a dollar. How many hundredths are there in 2 dollars? 2. n. the place two places to the right of the decimal in a decimal number. EX. What digit is in the hundredths place in 754.12369?
IN ENGLISH: 1. as defined above.
APPLICATION: (see list 10)
1. How many hundredths of a dollar are there in 2 dollars?
2. What digit is in the hundredths place in 754.12369?
This is a page from the dictionary MATH SPOKEN HERE!, published in 1995 by MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS, inc., ISBN: 0-_PHONE_-5-1. You are hereby granted permission to make ONE printed copy of this page and its picture(s) for your PERSONAL and not-for-profit use.


next up previous
Next: 5 Control Flow Up: CLANGER : an interpreted Previous: 3 Method Invocation
4 Function Definition
One can define functions in CLANGER. A function definition looks like this:
def myFunction[ arg1, arg2, arg3 ]
 returns [ res1, res2, res3 ]
 { ... }
This statement defines a new function with three formal parameters called arg1, arg2 and arg3, and which executes the code inside the curly brackets in an environment almost identical to the caller's except with the actual arguments bound to the names of the formal parameters. The function itself is an Nemesis interface of type ClangerFunction and is inserted into the name space when it is defined. Thus it can be passed around and manipulated in much the same way as anything else.
A function thus defined can be invoked in a similar way to a MIDDL\ method invocation, for example:
[ res1, res2, res3 ] <- myFunction[ arg1, arg2, arg3 ];
The body of the function is just plain CLANGER code. The function must return by using the return statement:
return [ 1, 4, "Hello" ];
The return statement must include the right number of return values. As with normal assignment, the types of values returned will be deduced at run time.
It should be noted that invoking a function call in CLANGER is simply a matter of creating a suitable name space and passing it to the ClangerFunction interface. The name space (in effect the scope for the function) can trivially be constructed by creating a new Context for the variables, and then creating a union of it and the current root. This operation is sufficiently lightweight to allow functions to be used as syntactic sugar for commonly-used invocations.
A possible future extension would allow the user to define complete implementations of MIDDL interfaces, rather than isolated functions not belonging to any interface. While aesthetically appealing, it is unclear how useful this facility would be.
T. Roscoe


The island is part of the Bronx, although it's reached by a bridge from Queens. Bought by New York City in 1884 from the Ryker family, which had farmed it from the seventeenth century, the island in 1932 became home to a prison meant to replace one on Blackwell's (now Roosevelt) Island in the East River. Gradually enlarged to over four times its original size, Riker's Island today houses fifteen thousand prisoners in eleven jails, and a hospital. It is still, in small part, farmland: with the assistance of the New York Horticultural Society, inmates have been growing vegetables since the '80s.
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@article { author = {Khoshkalam Soleimandarabi, Sayedeh Fatemeh and rostami, Raheleh and Nezhadnaderi, Mehdi}, title = {Application of Nanoscience in Self-cleaning Properties of Concrete Facade for Development of Sustainable Environment}, journal = {Anthropogenic Pollution Journal}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {15-23}, year = {2020}, publisher = {ISLAMIC AZAD UNIVERSITY, ARDABIL BRANCH}, issn = {2588-4646}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.22034/ap.2020._PHONE_}, abstract = {Using mineral admixtures in cement composites as a way to improve their mechanical and sustainable environmental properties is a common practice in concrete technology. Among them nano-silica effectively influences the composite's early and long-term properties. In this study, the effect of different percentages of TiO2 (0, 2.5 and 5 %) on self-cleaning properties and water absorption of cement composites containing nano-silica were investigated. according to the use of different cementitious material (nano-silica) and TiO2 in mix proportions, to obtain mixtures with a desirable workability, superplasticizer was added in different volume percentages.Better size distribution and pore refinement lead to a denser cement matrix with low porosity which in turn considerably lower the water absorption of the cement composites. the maximum final water absorption according to ASTM C497 is 9% for method A and 8.5% for method B. Comparsions of water absorption tests as a result of adding of TiO2 and nano-silica in concrete show that the maximum final water absorption is 4.9% in N1 design mixture and the minimum final water absorption is 4.3% in N2 design mixture.The incorporation of TiO2 has positively affected the results for nano-silica containing specimens. A decrease of 6.5% and 11.1% between N1 and N3 respectively shows the positive effect of TiO2 on decrease of water absorption. The results show that TiO2 along with nanosilica has great potential for improving the environmental and self- cleaning properties of concrete facades of buildings in cities exposed to high levels of cleanliness.}, keywords = {Prefabricated facade,Sustainable Environment,Self- Cleaning,Titanium dioxide,Nano-silica,water absorption}, url = {_URL_ eprint = {_URL_ }


text:
First Olympic Appearance: 1896 (men); 2000 (women)
by John Gettings and Mark Zurlo
It's impossible to put an exact date on the first weightlifting competition, but to give you an idea, ancient Chinese texts and Greek statues commonly depict the feat. Not much about the sport has changed since then. The winner is still the man—and finally the woman—to lift the most weight.
Women's weightlifting made its first Olympic appearance in 2000. Both men and women must complete two different lifts in this event. In a "snatch lift", the barbell is pulled from the platform to above the head in one continuous motion. In a "clean-and-jerk" the lift is done in two motions. First, the bar is pulled up to the shoulders as the lifter goes into a squat and follows that with a burst into an upright position. Once there, with the bar resting on their chest, the lifter must extend his/her arms and raise the bar above their head and wait for the referee's signal.
The maximum weights the lifter is able to successfully lift using both techniques are added together to determine the winner.
If you want to keep track of how much each competitor is lifting it's easy because the plates at either end of the bar are color coded according to their weight: Red 25 kg/55 lbs; Blue 20 kg/44 lbs; Yellow 15 kg/33 lbs; Green 10 kg/22 lbs; White 5 kg/11 lbs; Black 2.5 kg/5.5 lbs; Silver 1.25 kg/2.75 lbs; Record Disks.25 kg/.55 lbs. And don't forget the bar-the men's bar weighs 44 pounds and the women's bar weighs 33 pounds.
Men compete in eight weight classes, and the women seven. The maximum weights for each of those classes were new in 2000, therefore, each gold medallist automatically established a new Olympic record in their weight class.
The weightlifting competition at the Beijing Games will feature 170 men and 90 women and will be held at the 5,400-seat Beijing University Gymnasium.
Information Please® Database, © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.


text:
How to hang a ceiling light
Bring light and life into a room with a new ceiling light fixture. With so many different designs available, it's easy to make the switch. All it takes is a little electrical know-how. Before we start, please read the important safety warning below:
WARNING: ELECTRICITY IS DANGEROUS
If in any doubt, or where required by the law, consult a competent, registered electrician. All products must be installed in accordance with local building regulations.
Where to put ceiling lights
Light is one of the key aspects of interior design. Whether you are seeking ambient lighting to create an atmosphere or radiant brightness that reaches to the farthest corner of the room, careful consideration of the type and position of your ceiling light is essential.
Before you begin any DIY work, therefore, you should give some thought to the outcome you wish to achieve with your new ceiling light. Often, the obvious answer is the best: a centrally located ceiling light that spreads uniform illumination across the entire room. However, you should bear in mind the following key factors before settling on the precise position.
- The size of the room
- The height of the ceiling
- The natural light entering the room
- How the room will be used.
Some rooms are trickier than others. Where to put ceiling lights in a bedroom, for instance, is becoming increasingly important as modern bedrooms are often multi-functional environments that can be used for working, reading, exercising and applying make up as well as sleeping.
How high to hang a ceiling light
Once you have decided where to position your ceiling light, you need to think about how low it's going to hang (presuming it's a pendant style lamp, of course). Here, the size of your light is important. A low-hanging light may look odd if it is particularly large but fine if it is smaller. It chiefly depends on the height of the ceiling and the size of the room. A large room with a high ceiling, for example, would suit ceiling lights that are larger and hang lower.
As well as ambience and aesthetics, you also need to consider overhead clearance. There should be at least 30cm gap between the bottom of the light and the top of anyone's head. Similarly, if you are positioning the light over a table, you need to consider the size of the table and the location of the people that will be sitting at the table before you decide on the light's height. Nobody wants to be dazzled while they eat their meal, for example, or knock their head every time they reach for the salt.
Remove the old light fitting
Ceiling fixtures come in many styles. Typically, they involve a base screwed firmly to the ceiling and a cover that unscrews from the base. To access the fitting and carry out the task at hand, make sure you have a secure place to stand that allows you to reach the fitting and any tools you need without danger of losing balance.
1. Isolate the electrics
Before you begin dismantling the ceiling light, you need to isolate the electrics. When you switch the light off at the switch there is still live electricity in the ceiling rose or light fitting. It is essential, therefore, to fully isolate the area in which you will be working. To do this, switch off the fuse in your consumer unit that controls the circuit and remove the fuse itself, just to be sure. If you are in any doubt which fuse to switch off, turn off the main switch on the consumer unit to cut the power to the whole house. Test by turning the light 'on' at the light switch. If it is properly isolated, the switch should not have any effect and the light will remain off.
2. Open the light fitting
Now that there is no danger of electric shock, you can open the ceiling light fitting. The most common light fitting consists of a ceiling rose with a pendant lamp hanging down from it. There are many different types of fitting, and some may involve more work than others. This article focuses on removing a standard ceiling rose and replacing it with a similar fitting.
Open the existing ceiling rose by unscrewing the cover. Inside you will see a number of cables and wires. If you have a ceiling light with three wires, it means you have a single cable coming from a junction box above the ceiling. In this case, you are simply dealing with the cable that takes the live and neutral wires to the lamp holder (see wiring diagram below). Common among modern houses in the UK is the loop system.
A loop wiring system involves electric cabling running from the consumer unit to several light fittings, one after another, usually covering neighbouring rooms or an entire floor of the building. This provides power to all the light fittings on the loop. Each individual lamp can then be illuminated via its own switch, which directs the current through the bulb.
3. Identify the wires
Inside a ceiling rose using the loop system, you will see three cables:
- One cable entering from the loop circuit
- One cable exiting from the loop circuit
- One cable going to the switch.
Each cable will contain three wires – live, neutral and earth – which can be identified by the following colours:
- Live - brown (old colour, red)
- Neutral - blue (old colour, black)
- Earth - green and yellow stripes.
As the switch cable completes a live circuit flowing through the bulb, both its live and neutral are live. For this reason, the neutral wire in the switch cable should be tagged with brown sleeving to mark it out as being live.
In a typical arrangement, the wires will be grouped into three terminal blocks – 'neutral', live' and 'loop' – as shown in the 'How to wire a ceiling light diagram' below.
How to wire a ceiling light diagram
- A= entering loop cable
- B = exiting loop cable
- C = switch cable
- Left terminal block = 'live'
- Middle terminal block = 'loop'
- Right terminal block = 'neutral'
As can be seen in the wiring diagram:
- The two loop circuit neutral wires connect to the 'neutral' terminal block
- The two loop circuit live wires connect to the 'loop' terminal block
- The switch cable live wire connects to the 'loop' terminal block
- The switch cable neutral wire connects to the 'live' terminal block
The lamp itself completes the system:
- The live wire connects to the 'live' terminal block
- The neutral wire connects to the 'neutral' terminal block
All earth wires are connected to a common earth terminal.
Label the wires with masking tape, so you can clearly identify which are part of the loop circuit and which relate to the switch. Remember, the switch cable can be identified by the neutral wire which should be tagged with brown sleeving to identify it as being live. If the it is not identified like this, now is a good time to tag it. Then disconnect each wire from its terminal block.
How to label the wires
Finally, unscrew the ceiling rose base from the ceiling and carefully remove it, leaving just the wires poking out from the ceiling.
Connect the new light fitting
Your new light fitting will have a fixing bracket of some sort that needs to be firmly attached to the ceiling. Take care to locate the fixing bracket exactly where you want it, taking into account the desired direction of the light fitting if it is a strip of spotlights.
If you are wondering how you wire a ceiling light switch, there's no need to worry about that unless you are rewiring the whole room. Whether your light fitting involves a pull-cord switch, a motion detection switch or two-way switches, the switch simply interrupts the live feed to the light, and can remain as it was before, even with a new fitting.
1. How to hang a new ceiling light in the same place as the old one
The light should come with instructions to help you identify where each wire needs to connect. It will incorporate terminal blocks that correspond to those from the previous fitting. Simply reconnect each wire to its appropriate terminal as described earlier in the 'How to wire a ceiling light diagram'. Ensure the wires are tightly secured in the terminals then fix the light fitting to the bracket, taking care not to trap any wires as you do so.
2. How to hang a new ceiling light in a different place to the old one
If you are going to position you new light fitting elsewhere on the ceiling, you will need to access the ceiling void above the site of the old light fitting. Carefully pull the cables through into the void. If the new position is close by and there is enough slack in the wires, you may be able to simply feed the cables back through a newly drilled hole. If the new position if further away, a junction box will be required to replicate the connections of the original ceiling rose.
A new cable can then be attached with one end connected to the junction box as if it is the live and neutral from the lamp holder and the other end being fed through a newly drilled hole where you wish the light to be positioned. Simply connect this end to the live and neutral wires of your ceiling light. Take care not to trap any wires as you fix the light fitting to the bracket.
3. How to hang a ceiling fan where a light was
If your new fitting is an electric fan or a combined fan and light, there will be a fixing bracket to be attached to the ceiling plus an additional support brace to fit in the ceiling void above to completely secure the fan when it moves. The fan motor can then be wired up following the same procedure as that for a straightforward ceiling light.
Enjoy your new ceiling light!
Installing a new ceiling light is a quick way to create a new look and achieve new possibilities in a room. And doing it yourself makes the transformation very cost


text:
Tired of Flat Soda? Use This Trick to Keep Two-Liter Bottles of Soda Fizzy Longer
A flat soda tastes awful. It's almost as bad as drinking a room temperature milkshake. Of course, you can always opt to buy single-serving cans or 20 ounce bottles, but that's always going to be more expensive than 2-liters.
The problem with 2-liter bottles of coke is that they get flat fast. For those of you with tons of money to blow, you could just get the Fizz Keeper cap, which adds pressure to carbonated drinks by pumping air inside that helps keep the dissolved gas from leaking out.
If you're the DIY type, you could always make your own version with a tire valve and use a tire inflater.
Even then, you run into the problem of having your friends laugh at you every time you pull out your Coke or Pepsi (or whatever). So, while opting for a product like that would probably work, the science behind it works with far inferior and cheaper methods.
The cooler it is, the better it will keep. Basically, in order to keep a dissolved gas in a solution longer, that solution must be as cold as possible. That's why cold soda is so much harder to chug when it's cool.
ASAP. As soon as you open up your soda bottle, pour your drinks and put the cap back on immediately, screwing it on as tightly as you can.
It may not be the prettiet method, but it definitely does the trick. After you pour some soda (maybe around 60 percent) out of the bottle you can squeeze the bottle to remove as much excess air as you can.
Now, why does this help you ask?
It's all about Henry's Law, which states that, "At a constant temperature, the amount of a given gas that dissolves in a given type and volume of liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas in equilibrium with that liquid."
Yeah, totally makes sense right?
Pretty much, when you first buy a bottle of soda, the space above the liquid is almost pure carbon dioxide (CO2). So when you twist it, that hissing sound is the CO2 coming out. Now, if you leave a bottle half-full of soda sitting around, the CO2 will seep out much faster because of the lower amount of pressure and the larger amount of space above the liquid (soda).
So, by crushing the bottle, you in turn decrease the space above the solution and increase the amount of pressure inside the container.
Interesting fact: PepsiCo introduced the first two-liter bottle of soda in 1970.
This may be the most obvious thing to say, but expired soda just doesn't taste as good as the fresh stuff. Carbon dioxide and air can actually diffuse through the plastic, so no matter how tight your screw that cap on, there's always going to be some gas leakage.
Do you know of any other methods to keep your sodas from going flat? Let us know in the comments.


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Implementation of Sharpened Cosine Distance as an alternative for 2D convolution.
import tensorflow as tf
class CosSimConv2D(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
def __init__(self, units=32):
super(CosSimConv2D, self).__init__()
self.units = units
self.kernel_size = 3
def build(self, input_shape):
self.in_shape = input_shape
self.flat_size = self.in_shape[1] * self.in_shape[2]
self.channels = self.in_shape[3]
self.w = self.add_weight(
shape=(1, self.channels * tf.square(self.kernel_size), self.units),
initializer="glorot_uniform",
trainable=True,
)
self.b = self.add_weight(
shape=(self.units,), initializer="zeros", trainable=True)
self.p = self.add_weight(
shape=(self.units,), initializer='ones', trainable=True)
self.q = self.add_weight(
shape=(1,), initializer='zeros', trainable=True)
def l2_normal(self, x, axis=None, epsilon=1e-12):
square_sum = tf.reduce_sum(tf.square(x), axis, keepdims=True)
x_inv_norm = tf.sqrt(tf.maximum(square_sum, epsilon))
return x_inv_norm
def stack3x3(self, image):
stack = tf.stack(
[
tf.pad(image[:, :-1, :-1, :], tf.constant([[0,0], [1,0], [1,0], [0,0]])), # top row
tf.pad(image[:, :-1, :, :], tf.constant([[0,0], [1,0], [0,0], [0,0]])),
tf.pad(image[:, :-1, 1:, :], tf.constant([[0,0], [1,0], [0,1], [0,0]])),
tf.pad(image[:, :, :-1, :], tf.constant([[0,0], [0,0], [1,0], [0,0]])), # middle row
image,
tf.pad(image[:, :, 1:, :], tf.constant([[0,0], [0,0], [0,1], [0,0]])),
tf.pad(image[:, 1:, :-1, :], tf.constant([[0,0], [0,1], [1,0], [0,0]])), # bottom row
tf.pad(image[:, 1:, :, :], tf.constant([[0,0], [0,1], [0,0], [0,0]])),
tf.pad(image[:, 1:, 1:, :], tf.constant([[0,0], [0,1], [0,1], [0,0]]))
], axis=3)
return stack
def call(self, inputs, training=None):
x = self.stack3x3(inputs)
x = tf.reshape(x, (-1, self.flat_size, self.channels * tf.square(self.kernel_size)))
q = tf.square(self.q)
x_norm = self.l2_normal(x, axis=2) + q
w_norm = self.l2_normal(self.w, axis=1) + q
sign = tf.sign(tf.matmul(x, self.w))
x = tf.matmul(x / x_norm, self.w / w_norm)
x = tf.abs(x) + 1e-12
x = tf.pow(x, tf.square(self.p))
x = sign * x + self.b
x = tf.reshape(x, (-1, self.in_shape[1], self.in_shape[2], self.units))
return x
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Moses Michael Hayes
A Brittle and Torn Manuscript: Conservation of an early Scottish Rite Patent
Hays patent before conservation by NEDCC_CROPPED In selecting an item for conservation this spring, I chose a Scottish Rite patent from Henry Andrew Francken (_PHONE_) to Moses Michael Hays (_PHONE_). The document was in poor condition. Up until the mid-19th century, paper was generally made from linen and rags, materials which contribute to their physical integrity and longevity. The later nineteenth-century practice of adding cheaper wood pulp in the paper-making practice is what contributes to the type of brittle paper that we usually attribute to many late 19th-century newspapers, books, and other documents. (For more on this topic, and other factors that contribute toward paper deteriorating, check out the Library of Congress's helpful page on the subject). Despite being from a period when we might expect paper to be strong, the Hays patent was very brittle because the iron gall ink had burned through the document in several places. In addition, there were many tears and breaks along the folds of the manuscript and the upper left portion of the manuscript was detached (see photo at left).
In anticipation of the upcoming 200th anniversary (_PHONE_) of the birth of the Supreme Council, Northern Masonic Jurisdiction, Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite, I selected this document for conservation. This is a very early and important Scottish Rite patent, a manuscript copy in Hays' handwriting, and dated 1768. The location of Francken's original patent to Hays is unknown. On December 6, 1768, Francken appointed Hays to be a Deputy Inspector General for the West Indies and North America. This appointment and patent gave Hays the authority to confer the degrees of the Order of the Royal Secret upon selected Master Masons. The twenty-five degrees of the Order of the Royal Secret (often called the Rite of Perfection) was a precursor to the Scottish Rite, which was officially formed in 1801. Hays, born to a Dutch family in New York, lived in New York City at the time that Francken deputized him. A year later, in 1769, Hays was made the first Master of the newly formed King David's Lodge, a lodge whose namesake reflects the Jewish faith of its first officers (the silversmith Myer Myers was Senior Warden, and Isaac Moses was Junior Warden). Hays later relocated to Newport Rhode Island and then Boston. Hays served as Grand Master Massachusetts Grand Lodge from 1788-92.
Hays patent after
conservation by NEDCC_CROPPEDThe document was taken to the Northeast Document Conservation Center (NEDCC) in Andover, Massachusetts, which specializes in preservation and conservation of paper-based objects. Here, their trained professionals cleaned the document using dry cleaning techniques to reduce surface soil. Then, the document was immersed in a filtered water and alcohol bath to clean the paper and reduce acidity. After this, the item was alkalized (or deacidified) with a calcium hydroxide solution. The document was later backed with Japanese paper and wheat starch paste to mend tears and fill in losses to provide overall support. Lastly, it was humidified again and dried flat between blotters under light pressure.
When the document was completely dry, it was encapsulated in a polyester film (Melinex) to protect against dirt, handling, and atmospheric pollution (see photo at right). This important manuscript can now be viewed and studied in preparation for the 200th anniversary of the Supreme Council.
New to the Collection: Ladle by Myer Myers
2006_014T2 Paul Revere's (_PHONE_) work as a silversmith is celebrated, yet he was not the only accomplished craftsman in 18th-century America. A silver ladle made by New York silversmith Myer Myers (_PHONE_), now in the National Heritage Museum collection, demonstrates equal skill.
The ladle, engraved with initials "TBS" on the handle, dates to the _PHONE_ period. Ladles like this were used to serve both hot and cold liquids; while this piece was probably owned and used in a private household, it is possible that Myers made similar pieces for Masonic lodges where members shared punch.
Jewish silversmith Myer Myers served his apprenticeship in New York City and opened his own shop around 1750. The city experienced prosperity during the pre-Revolutionary decades and had no shortage of well-to-do patrons who could afford fine silver. Myers was extremely productive and found unique ways to build his business. He was the first New York silversmith to use a surname mark, which provided name recognition when his silver was used by its purchasers. He was also the first New York silversmith to form a partnership with another silversmith, an innovative business strategy at the time. During the Revolution, Myers actively supported the American patriots, but did not fight in the War himself. He moved his family to Norwalk, Connecticut to keep them out of harm's way and continued his silversmithing business there to support himself, his wife and his thirteen children.
Myers became a Mason in New York in the 1760s, and was a member of King David's Lodge. Through his sister's marriage, Myers was brother-in-law to Moses Michael Hays, who served as Grand Master of the Massachusetts (Independent) Grand Lodge from 1788 to 1792.
David L. Barquist, Myer Myers: Jewish Silversmith in Colonial New York. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001.
Ladle, _PHONE_, Myer Myers (_PHONE_), New York City, National Heritage Museum, gift of Ira and Samuel Seskin in memory of Joel A. and Celia S. Seskin, 2006.014. Photograph by David Bohl.


Map of CanadaCITE has Sections that provide localized services to members. With your ITE membership, you are automatically a member of a District (CITE) and an associated Section, depending on where you live. The number of activities in each Section varies according to the Section leadership, and distribution of its members. Some Sections have a large geographic area yet a small number of members spread over that large area, whereas conversely, other Sections have a large membership confined within a relatively small geographic area.
For those Sections with a large membership, the option exists to form Chapters in order to better meet the specific needs of members within their area. However, the formation of these Chapters is only possible if enough members are prepared to take on the leadership role.
Another type of Chapter that also exists within the structure of ITE is specific to student members, and is usually tied to an educational institution such as a university. Again, there must be enough students prepared to take on the leadership roles required to operate a Student Chapter, and there must also be a member of faculty prepared to step into the role of Student Advisor.
Both forms of Chapters are responsible directly to the Section where they are geographically located.


text:
Recorded via Zoom
On this month's CU on the Air, host Ken McConnellogue talks with Dr. Chip Benight, a psychology professor at the University of Colorado Colorado Springs. Dr. Benight researches the human adaptation from trauma. His work is focused on recovery from natural disasters including things like the coronavirus pandemic as well as manmade disasters, accident trauma, violence, bereavement and more.
- The roles of the Trauma Health and Hazard Center, the National Institute for Human Resilience and GRIT.
- Trauma Health and Hazard Center is focused on adaptation and understanding the human capacity for self-regulation following a major traumatic event.
- The UCCS National Institute for Human Resilience and the $8 million matching gift from Lyda Hill Philanthropies.
- Revamping the model to focus on strength and empowerment.
- What really does resilience mean?
- Factors that enable people to rebound from crises such as the coronavirus.
- GRIT: the greater resilience intervention teams.
- Training community volunteers to assist individuals struggling in light of the coronavirus.
- Who is taking the training? Everyone from medical support staff to teachers to pharmacists.
- Reaching out to help people to retarget what they do have control over.
- Focusing on things such as eating well, sleeping, taking care of themselves, physically being connected to their loved ones, etc.
- GRIT coaches are trained in providing resources to the population.
- GRIT resources are aimed at groups like first responders or mental health professionals, medical providers.
- What to look for to determine if someone you care about is struggling.
- What the long-term effects could be in many different aspects.
- The compassion and sadness surrounding people working on the front lines of COVID-19.
- How Dr. Benight became involved with resilience research.


text:
Intraarticular injection of native hyaluronan (HA) or a cross-linked derivative are commonly utilized in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Unlike from native hyaluronan, the crosslinked HA derivative is a gel containing also other chemical entities. This study compares the local tolerability of these different preparations in normal rabbit knees, in order to provide further information on their biological effects.
Mendeley saves you time finding and organizing research
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text:
The network interface to a LON device is always defined as a set of datapoints. A LON device can define any set of datapoints, but a LON device can provide more information about its datapoints by organizing the datapoints into blocks where the definition of a block is specified by a profile. Hundreds of standard profiles are defined, and you can define your own profile if a standard profile is not suitable. To view standard profiles and define your own profiles, download and install the IzoT Resource Editor.
Based on earlier instruction, you should have the folder smartserver-iot, which is a clone of the
izot/smartserver-iot public Github repository (see this page Setting Up Your Development Environment). In this folder, find the file
./apps/Example Support Files/ApolloDev.zip.
After you have installed the IzoT Resource Editor, extract the contents of the ApolloDev.zip file to this folder
c:\Users\Public\Documents\LonWorks\types\Echelon\ApolloDev. There are four files in the ApolloDev archive that define user types, configuration properties, and functional profiles used for exercises is this documentation. These resources build on the standard LonMark types.
The SmartServer uses the program ID to select the correct definitions for a resource. For this example, the manufacture ID is the ID for Dialog.
Adding and Existing Resource File Set to the Resource Catalog
- Launch the IzoT Resource Editor. You will see a tree view of resources that are installed on your computer. If you followed the instructions in the first paragraph above, you should have the files of the ApolloDev resources on your computer, but you still need to add them to the resource catalog.
- Select Ldrf.Cat at the root of the tree and right click to select Add Folder.
- Navigate to the folder where you unzipped the ApolloDev resources.
- The result of this action adds the resources for this example to the resource catalog. Notice how the resources are scoped to the Manufacturer Dialog, and are more finely scoped at level 4 category for generic controllers. IAP has well defined rules for selecting different parts of the 16 hex byte-encoded fields of the resource file program ID. In this example, the resource file scope 4 program ID mask is 90 00 01 06 00 00 00 00. When a LON device XIF file is created with the first 5 hex bytes encoded to match 90 00 01 06 00, the interface can call out user defined resources in this resource file. If you right-click and select Properties, you can see the details of the program ID assigned to this resource file set as shown here.
- The power of IAP resource definitions comes from the definition of standard types to allow devices created from different manufactures to directly share data without ambiguity related to units and resolution. As a rule, standard types use SI units on the wire. For example, in building automation comfort control applications, there are a number of standard types: device temperature (SNVT_temp_p), pressure, (SNVT_press_p), flow (SNVT_flow), and HVAC equipment specialized complex types like SNVT_hvac_status, which include multiple related values in a single data unit. As of this writing, there are 225 standard types already defined by IAP. You can view the standard types in the IzoT Resource Editor.
- Standard Network Variable Types (SNVTs) are bricks in in the foundation of interoperability. SNVT types are used to define Standard Configuration Properties (SCPTs), which have more precise meaning. For instance, a discharge air controller may be configured to have more than one set point for duct static pressure, and the individual SCPTs provide clarity. SNVTs and SCPTs are collected together under interoperable units of functionality called standard profiles. A standard profile describes required and optional network variable inputs, outputs, and SCPTs used to configure operation of the profile. IAP has defined over 156 standard profiles as of this writing. If your goal is to create a VAV controller to interoperate with other devices, you would start development by considering the SFPTsccVAV profile.
- For this example, we have created a user profile in the ApolloDev resource file set called UFPTDspSPcontroller as shown in the following screenshot. You can review the details using the IzoT Resource Editor.
In this section you have installed the IzoT Resource Editor, and added an existing resource files set (ApolloDev.zip) to the LonMark Device Resource catalog. At this point, a device XIF file that references these resources can be installed and managed with tools based on IzoT Net Server such as IzoT CT. The IzoT Net Server software includes libraries that are Windows specific to handle parsing the type information. In the next section we will see how to use the IzoT Resource Editor to modify resources and to generate reports that make these resources available for other operating platforms, specifically the SmartServer IoT.
Go to Editing Resources.


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Written by Roger Ruiz
Community Relations Specialist
The South Texas Blood & Tissue Center celebrates Black History Month in February by shedding light on Charles Drew, who is considered the inventor of blood banking.
During Dr. Drew's residency at Columbia University's Presbyterian Hospital in the 1940′s, Drew developed a technique for the long term preservation of blood plasma. By separating the liquid part of blood (plasma) from the whole blood (the part containing the red blood cells) and refrigerating them separately, he could combine them up to a week later for transfusion.
STBTC still uses Dr. Drew's method of separation to break each unit of blood donated into several components, helping as many as three patients with a donation from one donor. A patients like Chris Pinkerton who suffers from Sickle Cell Anemia and needs blood transfusions often benefits from blood donors.
With the advanced research and technology, red blood cells now have a shelf life of 42 days and plasma can be frozen and stored for a year. To donate blood and save a life visit our website at _URL_


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State University of New York
The Bioinspired Ray for Extreme Environments and Zonal Exploration (BREEZE) combines inflatable structures with bioinspired propulsion to create a versatile flier for exploration of Venusian atmosphere. BREEZE will navigate the atmosphere at altitudes between 50-60 km, riding zonal winds and overcoming the meridional winds to circumnavigate the planet every 4-6 days. BREEZE's scientific payload of a nephelometer, anemometer, magnetometer, a mass spectrometer, THEMIS, synthetic aperture RADAR, and visible light camera will enable controllable selection of dispersed or repeated location sample collection for atmospheric and geographic studies. These studies include tracking weather patterns, determining atmospheric constituents, mapping Venusian magnetic field, and creating detailed surface scans. BREEZE will maintain near continuous communication with Earth by relaying information through its orbiting module. The science enabled by BREEZE makes it the ideal approach for the Venus Climate Mission presented in the 2013-2022 Decadal Survey.
To achieve mission objectives, BREEZE transforms aspects of previously proposed Venus fliers and more into a unique concept. Unlike fixed-wing fliers, the inflatable nature of BREEZE enables low-risk traversal and sample collection on the night side of Venus, while also being compactable. BREEZE's propulsion and buoyancy control via volume reduction provides a 3D navigation capability, unlike balloon concepts whose flight paths are determined by wind direction. The bioinspired propulsion is achieved through oscillatory wing morphing, offering precise control and allowing for multiple flybys over the same location that can facilitate temporal atmospheric sampling. Using wing morphing for propulsion and control, all actuators will be located internally, shielded from the corrosive atmosphere. Inspired by the musculoskeletal system of a manta ray, BREEZE's morphing wing articulation is distributed across many small electric actuators, effectively reducing the chance of total system failure. The same actuators can be used for active volume reduction that enables buoyancy control with no added mass. To precisely determine attitude and position, BREEZE will use a combination of a star tracker, accelerometer, and gyroscope.
Phase I enabled preliminary computational studies on the structure, aerodynamics, stability, and inflation of BREEZE, elevating the concept from TRL1 to TRL2. Proposed Phase II tasks will advance BREEZE to TRL4 by proving its feasibility and including scaled model and component experiments. The first test would be an assessment of the wing range of motion and flapping velocity using advanced motion capture techniques, including digital image correlation and multi-camera triangulation to capture the 3D location of the entire wing surface. Results from this test will be used to determine the maneuvering capability of BREEZE as a precursor to wind tunnel trials. Physical trials will be conducted to capture aerodynamic forces and moments allowing for calibration and validation of CFD results and substantiating the propulsion and control capabilities of the system. The final test will be assessing BREEZE's active buoyancy control through volume reduction. This will be done on a scale model of BREEZE that replicates the compression mechanism of the full-scale concept.
Besides Venus, BREEZE can be deployed on other celestial bodies with adequate range of atmospheric densities such as Titan and Earth. This is a major advantage for BREEZE as it can be easily tested in Earth's atmosphere, lowering associated risks. The control methodologies developed will be applied to ray-inspired airships and robots designed to navigate air as well as liquid environments, respectively. Ultimately, the robustness of the baseline concept and technologies developed will make BREEZE a low-cost/low-risk endeavor that offers to fulfill NASA's objectives of planetary exploration.


Does Banana Have Lactose?
No, a banana does not have lactose. Lactose is a sugar that is only in milk. Specifically, lactose is only in the milk of mammals such as goats, cows, and sheep. Since a banana does not contain mammal milk, it does not contain lactose. You are okay to eat a banana without the potential side effects of lactose.
However, if you mix dairy with bananas, you will be consuming a certain level of lactose. Here are some foods with both bananas and dairy that you should avoid if you wish to refrain from eating dairy:
 - Ice Cream with Bananas
 - Banana Pudding
 - Banana Cake
 - Banana Milk
 - Banana Smoothie
 - Banana Bread
 - Banana Muffins
 - Banana Cream Pie
 - Banana Cake
 - Banana Yogurt
The above list is clearly not exhaustive but it should give you an idea of the types of foods to look out for that have dairy. Of course, any of the above foods can be made with dairy alternatives such as almond milk to eliminate lactose.
Banana Side Effects
While bananas do not have lactose, they can create similar symptoms in people who have trouble digesting lactose. Here are the primary reasons why bananas might cause abdominal pains or related issues.
Unripe bananas are often cited as a culprit for abdominal pain because of their high level of resistant starch that can be challenging for the body to digest. In fact, resistant starch cannot be digested in the small intestine. Simply eating ripe bananas or cooking them often eliminates abdominal pain in people.
Another reason that bananas may cause abdominal pain is from their fiber. According to USDA FoodData Central, a large banana has about 3.5 grams of fiber. While Americans generally consume too little fiber, a diet that is excessive in it can result in gas, bloating, cramps, nausea, and more. According to the Mayo Clinic, women should consume between 21 to 25 grams of fiber per day and men should consume 30 to 38 grams per day. If you are exceeding these amounts or aren't used to it in your diet, fiber may be the reason you experience lactose intolerance-like symptoms when eating bananas.
Fructose intolerance is another reason that certain people may suffer from stomach aches due to bananas. Fructose is one of the natural sugars found in fruits and vegetables. Some people have difficulty digesting fructose which can result in various gastrointestinal issues such as bloating, nausea, cramps, and diarrhea. Generally, fructose is not an issue for most people who consume bananas since the levels of it are low in this fruit. However, people who are sensitive to fructose and eat multiple bananas or other fruit a day may experience issues. Fruits that do have a higher level of fructose are dried figs, dried apricots, mangoes, grapes, raisins, pears, and watermelon.
Final Thoughts
You should not be concerned about bananas having lactose. However, in some circumstances, bananas may cause symptoms similar to those that are experienced by people that have difficulty digesting lactose. Be sure to monitor your banana intake and note how you feel if you suspect that bananas are causing digestive issues. Consider eliminating bananas from your diet if you experience problems after eating them. It is advisable for you to seek professional medical advice if your problems linger.
Corleone, J. (2017, September 30). Why Do Bananas Give Me Stomach Cramps? Healthy Living.
Palsdottir, H. (2016, September 25). Green Bananas: Good or Bad? Healthline.


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Planning the database
After you have determined your data requirements, think about ways to structure the database that will optimally convey stored information to your users. You can decide how you want to structure your database before you begin conceptualizing your page layouts, or while you develop the application interface itself. Your individual workflow needs will determine exactly how and when you create your database.
You may want to sketch the database out on paper before you begin creating it. The first step is to choose the tables in the database. A database table contains collections of related entities, such as persons, objects, or events, and divides this information into horizontal rows and vertical columns. In database terminology, each table column represents a field, and each table row represents a record.
Once you have decided on the number and types of tables that will make up your database, choose the columns for each table. Columns describe the properties of each entity or record in the table. For example, you might have a database table called CONTACTS that contains the names and addresses of a group of people. The CONTACTS table might contain columns for each person's name, street, city, state, zip code, and phone number. Each horizontal row in the CONTACTS table would represent a single record for an individual, much like a trading card contains information about a particular person.
In general, it is good practice to make sure that each of your tables has a primary key column—a column that contains values unique to each row in the table. This allows you to select an exact row when searching the database. Most primary key columns consist of ID numbers, but you can use other kinds of primary keys such as government form numbers or product serial numbers.
For more information, see Dreamweaver Help (Help > Using Dreamweaver > Appendixes > Beginner's Guide to Databases).
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text:
Stapelia scitula L.C. Leach
Starfish Flower, Small Starfish Flower, Mini Starfish Flower
Ceropegia paniculata subsp. scitula, Gonostemon scitulus, Stapelia paniculata subsp. scitula
Stapelia scitula, also known as Stapelia paniculata subsp. scitula, is a small succulent plant with slender 4-angled light green stems that grow up to 3 inches (7.5 cm) tall and up to 0.2 inches (0.5 cm) thick. Throughout the year, it is adorned with proportionately small star-shaped magenta or dark chestnut-brown flowers with or without yellowish bands and densely covered with purple or maroon hairs.
The flowers are up to 1 inch (2.5 cm) across. Fruits are paired spindle-shaped capsules (follicles) with tightly packed seeds inside.
USDA hardiness zone 10a to 11b: from 30 °F (−1.1 °C) to 50 °F (+10 °C).
How to Grow and Care
Several species are fairly easy to grow. Others, often those with slightly hairy stems and the more unusual flowers, are more challenging and require careful watering (with some fertilizer) during the growing season and complete withdrawal of water during the winter months. A minimum winter temperature of 10°C (50°F) is acceptable, providing plants are kept absolutely dry. A heated growing bench or incubator may help delicate plants to get through the colder months. However, many species live under shrubs in their habitat and prefer light shade rather than full sun.
A gritty compost is essential, and clay pots are advisable for the more delicate species. Some growers prefer mineral-only compost to minimize the chance of a fungal attack on the roots. A layer of grit on the compost's surface prevents moisture from accumulating around the base of the stems.
Keeping Stapelias and their roots free of pests such as mealybugs is the real key to success, as fungal attack often occurs due to damage to stems by insects.
See more at How to Grow and Care for Stapelia.
Stapelia scitula is native to South Africa (Western Cape).
- Back to genus Stapelia
- Succupedia: Browse succulents by Scientific Name, Common Name, Genus, Family, USDA Hardiness Zone, Origin, or cacti by Genus
Click on a photo to see a larger version.


text:
- class cee.ug.CommunicationPerformanceData()
Performance data related to the communication between client and server.
The amount of data in this transaction. This is applicable for ReqDataPieces.
As there are very little sever processing time on ReqDataPieces, the bandwidth between client and server can be estimated by dataSizeBytes/roundTripTimeMS, especially for larger data batches. The server will request all data pieces in one call, so there is no round-trip time for each data piece.
Round-trip time in milliseconds. This includes server processing time and data transfer time
Optional time spent on the server. Applicable for UpdateServerVisualization and GetStepConfig topic.
For the UpdateServerVisualization and GetStepConfig topic, a measure of the latency between client and server could be estimated by looking at (roundTripTimeMS - serverElapsedTimeMS).
The type of action the performance data relates to.
Possible values: - 'UpdateServerVisualization': Update the server with the current setting. This will prepare everything on the server side and send back the needed data pieces, but not the data itself.
'ReqStepConfig': Used when having an animation. The server is already updated with regards to the display model, so GetStepConfig will query the data pieces needed the selected time step.
'ReqDataPieces': Stream ready to send data pieces from the server to the client. The data payload of the 3D Progressive object streaming


text:
The 12th meeting of the ministers of Agriculture of the member States of the International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies (CIHEAM) will be held in Morocco in the spring of 2022, announced a joint statement by the ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Rural Development, Water and Forests and CIHEAM. This announcement was made at the 147th meeting of the Board of Directors of CIHEAM held Thursday by video conference from Rabat under the chairmanship of the secretary general of the Department of Agriculture, Mohamed Sadiki in his capacity as president of the Center, said the same source. The 12th meeting of ministers of Agriculture of CIHEAM member States will coincide with the celebration of 60 years of the Center, the statement added. Established in 1962, the International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies is a Mediterranean intergovernmental organization composed of 13 Member States, namely Albania, Algeria, Egypt, France, Greece, Italy, Lebanon, Malta, Morocco, Portugal, Spain, Tunisia and Turkey. As a key player in multilateral cooperation in the fields of sustainable agriculture and fisheries, food systems, coastal and rural development, its missions revolve around four main objectives, mainly the protection of the planet, food and nutrition security, inclusive development and prevention of crises.
- HM the King, Commander of the Faithful, Chairs Religious Evening to Commemorate Eid Al-Mawlid Annabaoui
- HM the King, Commander of the Faithful, to Chair Religious Evening Wednesday to Commemorate Eid Al-Mawlid Annabaoui
- Morocco To Host AFCON-2025
- Morocco Condemns Terrorist Act Targeting Positions of Bahraini Forces Participating in 'Decisive Storm and Restore Hope' Operation on Southern Border of Saudi Arabia – Foreign Ministry –
- Autonomy Initiative, The 'One and Only' Solution to Regional Dispute over Moroccan Sahara – Hilale –


text:
Published in Proceedings of the USCID Workshop on Modernization of Irrigation Water Delivery Systems: Scottsdale, AZ, October 17, 1999. 14 pages. Publisher website: United States Committee on Irrigation and Drainage.
Modernization differs from rehabilitation, which simply returns a deteriorated project or structures to their original new state. Rehabilitation by itself typically only perpetuates the vicious cycle of rehabilitation, deterioration, rehabilitation, etc.
A modern irrigation design is the result of a thought process that selects the configuration and the physical components in light of a well-defined and realistic operation plan that is based on the service concept. A modern irrigation design is not defined by specific hardware components and control logic. Advanced concepts of hydraulic engineering, irrigation engineering, agronomy, and social science should be used to arrive at the most simple and workable solution (Plusquellec et al., 1994).
Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering


expected to be popular in X.400 addresses.) To support BSMTP on UNIX, a conforming host should arrange that mail to the user "b-smtp" is interpreted as Batch SMTP commands. (We use b-smtp instead of bsmtp because bsmtp might conflict with a login name.) Since many mail systems treat lines consisting of a single period as an "end of file" flag, and since SMTP uses the period as a required end of file flag, and to strip off headers, we put an extra "#" at the beginning of each BSMTP line. On a sendmail system, an easy way to implement this is to include the alias b-smtp: "|egrep '^#' | sed 's/^#//' | /usr/lib/sendmail -bs" which will feed the commands to an SMTP interpreter. A better solution would appropriately check for errors and send back an error message to the sender. Horton [Page 4]
RFC 976 February 1986 UUCP Mail Interchange Format Standard An example BSMTP message from seismo.CSS.GOV to cbosgd.ATT.COM is shown here. This sample is the file shipped over the UUCP link for in put to the command "rmail b-smtp". Note that the RFC- 822 message is between the DATA line and the period line. The envelope information is passed in the MAIL FROM and RCPT TO lines. The name of the sending system is in the HELO line. The actual envelope information (above the # lines) is ignored and need not be present. From foo!bar Sun Jan 12 23:59:00 1986 remote from seismo Date: Tue, 18 Feb 86 13:07:36 EST From: _EMAIL_ Message-Id: <_PHONE_.AA10228@mark@ucbvax.Berkeley.EDU> To: _EMAIL_ #HELO seismo.CSS.GOV #MAIL FROM:<_EMAIL_> #RCPT TO:<_EMAIL_> #DATA #Date: Tue, 18 Feb 86 13:07:36 EST #From: _EMAIL_ #Message-Id: <_PHONE_.AA10228@mark@ucbvax.Berkeley.EDU> #To: _EMAIL_ # #This is a sample message. #. #QUIT
2.4 Envelope
The standard input of the command should begin with a single line From domain!user date remote from system followed immediately by the RFC-822 format headers and body of the message. It is possible that there will be additional From_ lines preceding this line - these lines may be added, one line for each system the message passes through. It is also possible that the "system" fields will be stacked into a single line, with many !'s in the "user" string. The ">" character may precede the "From". In general, this is the "envelope" information, and should follow the same conventions that previous UUCP mail has followed. The primary difference is that, when the system names are stacked up, if previously the result would have been a!b!c!mysys!me, the new result will be a!b!c!mysys!domain!me, where domain will contain at least one period, and "mysys" is often the 6 letter UUCP name for the same Horton [Page 5]
RFC 976 February 1986 UUCP Mail Interchange Format Standard system named by "domain". If the "domain!" is redundant, it may be omitted from the envelope, either in the source path or in the destination address. The receiving system may discard extra "From_" lines if it folds the information into a a single From_ line. It passes the path!domain!user along as the "envelope" information containing the address of the sender of the message, and possibly preserves the forwarding date and system in a newly generated header line, such as Received or Sent-By. (Adding Received using this information is discouraged, since the line appears to have been added on a different system than the one actually adding it. That other system may have actually included a Received line too! The Sent-By line is similar to Received, but the date need not be converted into RFC-822 format, and the line is not claimed to have been added by the system whose name is mentioned.) If the receiving system passes the message along to another system, it will add a "From_" line to the front, giving the same user@domain address for the sender, and its own name for the system. If the receiving system stores the message in a local mailbox, it is recommended that a single "From_" line be generated at the front of the message, keeping the date (in the same format, since certain mail reading programs are sensitive to this format), and not using the "remote from system" syntax. Note - if an intermediate system adds text such as "system!" to the front of a "user@domain" syntax address, either in the envelope or the body, this is a violation of this standard and of RFC-822.
2.5 Routing
In order to properly route mail, it is sometimes necessary to know what software a destination or intermediate machine is running, or what conventions it follows. We have tried to minimize the amount of this information that is necessary, but the support of subdomains may require that different methods are used in different situations. For purposes of predicting the behavior of other hosts, we divide hosts into three classes. These classes are: Class 1 old-style UUCP ! routing only. We assume that the host understands local user names: rmail user Horton [Page 6]
RFC 976 February 1986 UUCP Mail Interchange Format Standard and bang paths rmail host1!host2!user but we assume nothing more about the host. If we have no information about a host, we can treat it as class 1 with no problems, since we make no assumptions about how it will handle hybrid addresses. Class 2 Old style UUCP ! routing, and 4.2BSD style domain parsing. We assume the capabilities of class 1, plus the ability to understand rmail user@domain if the "domain" is one outside the UUCP zone which the host knows about. Class 2 hosts do not necessarily understand domain!user or have routers. Hosts in non- UUCP RFC-920 domains are considered class 2, even though they may not understand host!user. Class 3 All class 1 and 2 features are present. In addition, class 3 hosts must be able to route UUCP mail for hosts that are not immediately adjacent and also understand the syntax rmail domain!user as described above. All gateways into UUCP must be class 3. This document describes what class 3 hosts must be able to process. Classes 1 and 2 already exist, and will continue to exist for a long time, but are viewed as "older systems" that may eventually be upgraded to class 3 status.
3. Algorithm
The algorithm for delivering a message to an address "user@domain" over UUCP links can be summarized as follows: a. If the address is actually of the form @domain1:user@domain2, the "domain" used for the remainder should be "domain1" instead of "domain2", and the bang form reads domain1!domain2!user. Horton [Page 7]
RFC 976 February 1986 UUCP Mail Interchange Format Standard b. Determine d: the most specific part of "domain" that is recognized locally. This part will be a suffix of "domain". This can be done by scanning through a table with entries that go from specific to general, comparing entries with "domain" to see if the entries are at the tail of "domain". For example, with the address "_EMAIL_", if the local host recognizes "uucp" and "att.com", d would be "att.com". The final entry in the table will be the null string, matching any completely unrecognized domain. c. Look in the found table entry for g: the name of the "gateway", and for r: a UUCP !-style route to reach g. G is not necessarily directly connected to the local host, but should be viewed as a gateway into the d domain. (The values of g and r for a given d may be different on different hosts, although g will often be the same.) d. Look at the beginning of r to find the "next hop" host n. N will always be directly connected to the local host. e. Determine, if possible, the class of g and n. f. Create an appropriate destination string s to be interpreted by n. (See below.) g. Pass the message off to n with destination information s. In an environment with other types of networks that do not use UUCP ! parsing, the table will probably contain additional information, such as which type of link to use. The path information may be replaced in other environments by information specific to the network. The first entries in the table mentioned in part (b) are normally very specific, and allow well known routes to be constructed directly instead of routing through the domain tree. The domain tree should be reserved for cases where no better information is available, or where traffic is very light, or where the default route is the best available. If