text:
The results will be openly shared.
- Microsoft made an anchor donation of $1 million to kick start the Puget Sound's COVID-19 response funds.
- Microsoft is offering a free version of Office 365 to all educational institutions. Microsoft's Teams enables remote education through a unified communication and collaboration platform. It combines chat, audio conferencing, video meetings, file storage, and it can help users—teachers, students and volunteers—stay connected. Office 365 A1 is a free offering that is available to all educational institutions, and more information is available here.
- Microsoft Teams enables remote work. It is a unified communication and collaboration platform that combines workplace chat, audio conferencing, video meetings, and file storage. To help organizations, the company is offering a range of free and premium options for Teams access.
- Microsoft has offered its Healthcare Bot service powered by Microsoft Azure to health care organizations on the frontlines of the COVID-19 response to help screen patients for potential infection and care. Read more about the COVID-19 assessment bot here.
- Microsoft has set up a Bing dashboard that tracks the spread of COVID-19 using data from several organizations, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the World Health Organization, and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.
- The Microsoft Education Team has created a new remote learning community for academic institutions and educators transitioning to distance learning. Microsoft Education representatives and community members are available to answer questions, offer best practices, and share advice on how to leverage Microsoft's software to keep students engaged in this challenging time.
- Microsoft is making Minecraft: Education Edition available free to teachers and students with Office 365 Education accounts to support remote learning during school closures.
- Microsoft joined the White House's COVID-19 High Performance Computing Consortium, which aims to provide COVID-19 researchers worldwide with access to the world's most powerful High Performance Computing (HPC) resources to significantly advance the pace of scientific discovery in the fight to stop the virus.
- Microsoft has released two Microsoft Power Platform solutions related to COVID-19: one to help manage communications across an organization, and an Emergency Response solution for healthcare providers to track their resources.
- The National Health Service in the United Kingdom will be able to use Microsoft Teams for free to quickly communicate with colleagues during the COVID-19 outbreak.
- Health care organizations in Europe and beyond are using Microsoft's AI-powered Healthcare Bot service to help screen people for potential coronavirus infection and treatment.
- Microsoft has mobilized its AI for Health initiative and committed $20 million to help researchers on the frontlines of COVID-19.
- Microsoft committed $35 million to double its Microsoft Azure credits, increase Windows benefits and add new pro bono services to help critical care and first response nonprofits in their efforts to combat COVID-19.
- Microsoft is making its AccountGuard threat notification service available at no cost to healthcare providers on the front lines as well as human rights and humanitarian organizations around the world.
- Microsoft has committed to the Open COVID Pledge and is making its patents available free of charge for use in efforts to end the COVID-19 pandemic and minimize the impact of the disease.
- Microsoft created seven privacy principles for governments, public health authorities, academics, employers, and industries to consider as we move forward to the next phase of tracking the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Microsoft and UNICEF expanded access to the Learning Passport, a global learning platform, to help children affected by COVID-19 continue their education at home.
- Microsoft launched the CoVIg-19 Plasma Bot, a self-screening tool to help healthy individuals who have recovered from COVID-19 sign up to donate plasma that will help researchers study potential treatments.
- Members of Microsoft's dining team have repackaged and repurposed campus lunches to help support students and families in the Redmond, Washington area.
- Nearly 2,000 Microsoft Store employees have pivoted to helping schools, communities, small businesses, and enterprises quickly pivot to working remotely.
- Starting in early May 2020, organizations with the Microsoft Office 365 A1, which is free for educational institutions, will have the ability to host and broadcast Teams live events for a limited time to host a virtual graduation, alumni summit, or any other live event.
- UnitedHealth Group and Microsoft joined forces to launch ProtectWell, a return-to-workplace protocol and app that incorporates CDC guidelines and the latest clinical research to limit the spread of COVID-19 by screening employees for symptoms and establishing guidelines to support the health and safety of the workforce and workplace. It will be offered free of charge to employers in the US.
Microsoft committed to helping 25 million people acquire new digital skills needed for the COVID-19 economy, noting that one of the keys to a genuinely inclusive recovery are programs to provide easier access to digital skills for people hardest hit by job losses, including those with lower incomes, women, and underrepresented minorities.
An experimental Microsoft data center submerged beneath the sea in Scotland's Orkney Islands is processing workloads for a global, distributed computing project to understand the viral proteins that cause COVID-19 and design therapeutics to stop them.
- The cloud identity management firm Okta launched Okta for Emergency Remote Work, which offers core Okta services for free to all new customers for at least six months. The services offered include Okta Single Sign-On (SSO)and Okta Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) to five apps for all users, as well as best practices guides, community access, and support and training.
- Okta for Good, Okta's social impact arm, has committed $500,000 in unrestricted response grants and matching funds to organizations in the Bay Area on the front lines of the COVID-19 crisis. Outside of the Bay Area, Okta for Good is leading giving campaigns to support food banks and critical services in Toronto, Bellevue, Washington DC, London, Paris, and Sydney.
- Okta, CrowdStrike, Netskope, and Proofpoint announced a partnership to help organizations implement an integrated, zero trust security strategy to protect remote working environments.
- Oracle has worked to develop and deploy a series of cloud applications that will gather the data necessary to enable health professionals to determine what drugs are effective in treating or preventing the COVID-19 virus.
- In addition to gathering data from COVID-19 clinical trials, Oracle has built and donated to the US government a COVID-19 Therapeutic Learning System that allows physicians and patients to record the effectiveness of promising COVID-19 drug therapies.
- Oracle is offering free access to online learning content and certifications for a broad array of users for Oracle Cloud Infrastructure and Oracle Autonomous Database until May 15, 2020.
- Oracle Cloud Infrastructure has released an updated NVIDIA GPU Cloud Machine Image to accelerate researchers' understanding of the COVID-19 virus.
- Oracle is partnering with Zoom Video Communications to help support its growth and evolving business needs as Zoom works provide an essential service to its customers.
- Oracle employees have launched virtual volunteering projects to support nonprofits and schools in their communities.
- Oracle is providing free access to Oracle Financial Statement Planning to all existing Oracle Planning Cloud customers to help customers adapt to changing market conditions with financial planning and scenario modeling tools.
- Pixologic has extended the trial period of its ZBrush software for schools, helping students who are distance learning access the software while off-campus. Pixologic has also compiled COVID-19 resources in its support base to help users find information on how to utilize its software remotely.
- PTC is making its Vuforia Chalk augmented reality (AR) remote support and collaboration technology available at no cost until June 30, 2020. Learn more about Chalk here.
- PTC University will provide unlimited access to eLearning courses for their customers during the COVID-19 crisis, with no user limits on eLearning access. PTC hopes these resources will allow disrupted employees to take advantage of unexpected downtime by upskilling their capabilities and returning to work with an advanced level of proficiency. Learn more about available resources at PTC University.
- PTC is making its Onshape SaaS CAD solution and associated learning resources freely available to high schools and universities offering collaborative virtual STEM and 3D CAD classes to students learning at home.
- Rockwell Automation is partnering with PTC to offer free access to Vuforia Chalk, a collaborative remote assistance tool.
- Rosetta Stone is providing free access to Rosetta Stone for Students and has created a resource center with distance learning tools for teachers, parents, and students.
- Salesforce is offering free access to Health Cloud for qualified emergency response teams, call centers, and care management teams for health systems affected by COVID-19.
- Tableau, a subsidiary of Salesforce, has developed a free COVID-19 Data Resource Hub to help organizations make data-driven decisions relating to the virus using resources compiled from the WHO, the CDC, and Johns Hopkins University.
- Salesforce is making Quip Starter—a collaborative document and spreadsheet tool that helps remote teams work together effectively—available for free to any Salesforce customer or non-profit organization through September 30, 2020. Learn more about Quip here.
- Salesforce has donated $3 million to UCSF's COVID-19 Response Fund, the CDC Foundation's Emergency Response Fund and San Francisco's Give2SF Fund, in addition to continuing to match employee donations to all eligible organizations. Salesforce also recently announced donations of $500,000 to the New York COVID-19 Emergency Fund, $250,000 to the Italian Red Cross, $166,000 to the Madrid Food Bank, $84,000 to the Barcelona Food Bank, $125,000 to the French Red Cross, $125,000 to Samusocial International, a French social service organization, $125,000 to the German Red Cross, and $125,000 to Tafel Deutschland e.V., the umbrella organization for Germany's food bank network.
- Salesforce has expanded


text:
|Time zone||Georgian Time (UTC+4)|
General information
According to the current administrative subdivision of Georgia, Mestia is located in the Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region (mkhare), some 128 km northeast of the regional capital of Zugdidi. Mestia and the adjoining 132 villages form Mestia District (raioni). Its area is 3,044 km²; population – 14,248 (2,600 in the town itself; 2002 Georgia census). The population is mostly Svans, a cultural and linguistic subgroup of the Georgians. In Mestia is Queen Tamar Airport since 2010 and the airport is operated by the state-owned company United Airports Georgia.
Historically and ethnographically, Mestia has always been regarded a chief community of Zemo, or Upper Svaneti province. It was formerly known as Seti (სეთი). Despite its small size, the townlet was an important centre of Georgian culture for centuries and contains a number of medieval monuments - churches and forts - included in a list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. In 1968, it was granted a status of a townlet (Georgian: daba).
Architecture and attractions
The townlet is dominated by stone defensive towers of a type seen in Ushguli ("Svan towers"). A typical Svan fortified dwelling consisted of a tower, an adjacent house (machub) and some other household structures encircled by a defensive wall.
Unique icons and manuscripts are kept in Mestia Historical-Ethnographic Museum. Mestia is also a center of mountaineer tourism and alpinism.
Twin towns
Born in Mestia
- Mikheil Khergiani (1932–1969), a mountain climber
- Subdivisions of Georgia
- List of World Heritage Sites in Asia and Australasia
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Mestia|
- (German) Frescos and icons from Svaneti

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Quick Answer: What Is The Noun Form Of Poor?
What are the 3 types of poverty?
Who is poor man?
Can friendly be used as an adverb?
Some adjectives, such as friendly, lovely, timely, and masterly, already end in -ly and have no distinct adverb form. Use the adjective within an adverbial phrase: "It was done in a ____ way."
Is poverty a noun or verb?
noun. the state or condition of having little or no money, goods, or means of support; condition of being poor. deficiency of necessary or desirable ingredients, qualities, etc.: poverty of the soil.
Is poor a noun or adjective?
adjective, poor·er, poor·est. having little or no money, goods, or other means of support: a poor family living on welfare. … characterized by or showing poverty. deficient or lacking in something specified: a region poor in mineral deposits.
What is the abstract noun form of poor?
The abstract noun of poor is poverty or poorness.
Can poor be a noun?
Poor exists as a collective noun and has to be preceded by 'the'. The poor It doesn't have a plural 'poors'.
What is the verb form of poverty?
' Being poor is a state of being and not an action, so there is no verb form of poor. However, some compound expressions like "to become poor", "to become impoverished", "to make your way out of poverty" can be used to denote the action of becoming poor or the action of rising from poverty.
What is a adjective word list?
Is the word best an adjective?
best (adjective) best (adverb) best (noun) … second best (noun)
Is friendly a noun or verb?
adjective, friend·li·er, friend·li·est. characteristic of or befitting a friend; showing friendship: a friendly greeting.
What type of noun is poor?
Answer. The word 'poor' is a noun, a plural, uncountable noun; a word for people of little means in general. Example use: The government has many programs to help the poor. The noun form of the adjective 'poor' is 'poorness'.
What is the verb of friendly?
Is poverty a common noun?
As detailed above, 'poverty' is a noun. … Hopefully there's enough info above to help you understand the part of speech of poverty, and guess at its most common usage.
Is Poorish a word?
adjective. somewhat poor; rather poor.
Is Poorer a proper word?
The dictionary dictates poorer as the correct form, with some allowing both forms. According to Google Ngram Viewer poorer is more common in books by an immense factor of 100.
What is the noun form of friendly?
friendly. noun. plural friendlies. Definition of friendly (Entry 3 of 3)
What is the abstract noun of Attract?
AttractionAnswer. Attraction is the abstract noun for attract as it cannot be seen or touched.
What is the abstract noun of die?
List 13 – Forming Abstract NounsVerbAbstract NounAbstract Noundiedeathpermissiondodeedpleasureemployemploymentrefusalfreefreedomsale7 more rows
Is the word hungry an adjective?
adjective, hun·gri·er, hun·gri·est. having a desire, craving, or need for food; feeling hunger.
What is the abstract noun for true?
truthAnswer and Explanation: The abstract noun of true is truth. The abstract noun of true is formed by adding the suffix -th and dropping the e.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I need to cite a work from antiquity that has no known date, using natbib and author-year citations. The best suggestion I've found is to write the citation using "n.d." (no date) for the year of publication, but putting that into by bibtex file renders an ugly citation without periods:
(Author nd)
when what I'd like is:
(Author n.d.)
Wrapping it in curly braces ("{n.d.}") doesn't seem to help with the in-line citation (though it works in the bibliography).
How can I force BibTex to render the date in an in-line citation with punctuation?
Example.bib
 Author = {Aristotle},
 Booktitle = {Works of Aristotle},
 Title = {Categoriae},
 Year = {{n.d.}}}
Example LaTeX
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet \citep{aristotle}, consectetur adipiscing elit.
(Ugly, incorrect) output
Lorem ipsum dolor (Aristotle, nd) sit amet.
Aristotle (n.d.). Categoriae.
share|improve this question
It seems that apalike.bst strips everything from the contents of the year field except for the last up to four letters or digits. The culprit is the function calc.label; if the call to purify$ is removed, then n.d. is accepted (as it consists of four characters). – egreg Jul 19 '12 at 15:18
add comment
1 Answer
up vote 8 down vote accepted
The function calc.label in apalike.bst is responsible of this: it strips away all non alphanumeric characters and keeps the last up to four characters remaining.
If you copy apalike.bst to myapalike.bst and change the function defined in lines 896-912 to become
FUNCTION {calc.label}
{ type$ "book" =
 type$ "inbook" =
 { type$ "proceedings" =
 'editor.key.label % apalike ignores organization
 'author.key.label % for labeling and sorting
 ", " % these three lines are
 * % for apalike, which
 year field.or.null #-1 #4 substring$ % uses all four digits
 'label :=
then \bibliographystyle{myapalike} will accept year={n.d.} as you wish: it consists of four characters, after all!
The change consists simply in removing the string purify$. I can't say if this may have adverse effects on other entries; but, as long as you have only years or n.d., all should go well.
share|improve this answer
Ah, excellent. That feels like a bit of a hack, but it definitely gets the job done. Thanks! – Doches Jul 19 '12 at 19:30
_USER_ You should consider switching to biblatex. – egreg Jul 19 '12 at 19:42
I'm definitely getting that impression -- but I'm mid-thesis, and right now what I'm using is working. Mostly. And wrangling with LaTeX, while kind of fun in a what-the-fuck-debugging-time way, won't actually get this PhD written any faster... Next piece of LaTeX writing, though? Definitely. – Doches Jul 20 '12 at 11:52
add comment
Your Answer


Oracle 8i | Oracle 9i | Oracle 10g | Oracle 11g | Oracle 12c | Miscellaneous | PL/SQL | SQL | Oracle RAC | Oracle Apps | Linux
DBMS_SESSION : Managing Sessions From a Connection Pool in Oracle Databases
Amongst other things, the DBMS_SESSION package contains procedures to help manage sessions being used as part of a connection pool. Depending on the software managing the connection pool, some of these issues may already be handled.
Related articles.
Client Identifier (SET_IDENTIFIER and CLEAR_IDENTIFIER)
In many client-server applications it was common to allocate a different database user for each real user of the system. This made it simple to identify and audit the users at the database level. If applications used a single database user and managed security internally, this made identifying the real users of the system difficult. The issue was complicated further by multi-tier architectures that used connection pooling.
To counter this, Oracle 9iR1 introduced the SET_IDENTIFIER and CLEAR_IDENTIFIER procedures to allow the real user to be associated with a session, regardless of what database user was being used for the connection. The procedures amend the content of the CLIENT_IDENTIFIER column in the V$SESSION view. When a connection is taken from the connection pool the application should call the SET_IDENTIFIER procedure, passing the real user information as a parameter.
CONN test/test
EXEC DBMS_SESSION.set_identifier('tim_hall');
COLUMN username FORMAT A20
COLUMN client_identifier FORMAT A20
SELECT USER AS username, SYS_CONTEXT('userenv', 'client_identifier') AS client_identifier FROM dual;
USERNAME CLIENT_IDENTIFIER
-------------------- --------------------
TEST tim_hall
SQL>
The information is visible in the V$SESSION view when queried from privileged user in another session.
-- Start a new session, leaving the existing session running.
CONN / AS SYSDBA
COLUMN username FORMAT A20
COLUMN client_identifier FORMAT A20
SELECT username, client_identifier FROM v$session WHERE username = 'TEST';
USERNAME CLIENT_IDENTIFIER
-------------------- --------------------
TEST tim_hall
SQL>
Before the session is released back into the connection pool, the application should call the CLEAR_IDENTIFIER procedure.
-- Back in the original session.
EXEC DBMS_SESSION.clear_identifier;
SELECT USER AS username, SYS_CONTEXT('userenv', 'client_identifier') AS client_identifier FROM dual;
USERNAME CLIENT_IDENTIFIER
-------------------- --------------------
TEST
SQL>
The CLIENT_IDENTIFIER column of the V$SESSION view is blanked for the session.
-- Back in the privileged session.
SELECT username, client_identifier FROM v$session WHERE username = 'TEST';
USERNAME CLIENT_IDENTIFIER
-------------------- --------------------
TEST
SQL>
Later releases of Oracle included the CLIENT_IDENTIFIER information in the audit trail, SQL trace files and performance tuning tools, making it even more useful.
Contexts (CLEAR_CONTEXT and CLEAR_ALL_CONTEXT)
Contexts are namespaces used to store name-value pairs. Although contexts were available in Oracle 8i, the CLEAR_CONTEXT procedure was not introduced until 9iR1, while the CLEAR_ALL_CONTEXT procedure was introduced in 10gR1. If a session is being used as part of a connection pool and the state of its contexts are not reinitialized, this can lead to unexpected behavior.
CONN / AS SYSDBA
GRANT CREATE ANY CONTEXT TO test;
CONN test/test
-- Create the context.
CREATE OR REPLACE CONTEXT parameter_ctx USING context_api;
-- Create the package to manage the context.
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE context_api AS
 PROCEDURE set_parameter(p_name IN VARCHAR2,
 p_value IN VARCHAR2);
 PROCEDURE clear_context (p_name IN VARCHAR2);
 PROCEDURE clear_all_context;
END context_api;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY context_api IS
 PROCEDURE set_parameter (p_name IN VARCHAR2,
 p_value IN VARCHAR2) IS
 BEGIN
 DBMS_SESSION.set_context('parameter_ctx', p_name, p_value);
 END set_parameter;
 PROCEDURE clear_context (p_name IN VARCHAR2) IS
 BEGIN
 DBMS_SESSION.clear_context('parameter_ctx', attribute => p_name);
 END clear_context;
 PROCEDURE clear_all_context IS
 BEGIN
 DBMS_SESSION.clear_all_context('parameter_ctx');
 END clear_all_context;
END context_api;
/
-- Set two values in the context and check them.
EXEC context_api.set_parameter('variable1', 'one');
EXEC context_api.set_parameter('variable2', 'two');
COLUMN variable1 FORMAT A20
COLUMN variable2 FORMAT A20
SELECT SYS_CONTEXT('parameter_ctx', 'variable1') AS variable1,
 SYS_CONTEXT('parameter_ctx', 'variable2') AS variable2
FROM dual;
VARIABLE1 VARIABLE2
-------------------- --------------------
one two
SQL>
-- Clear one of the name-value pairs and retest.
EXEC context_api.clear_context('variable1');
SELECT SYS_CONTEXT('parameter_ctx', 'variable1') AS variable1,
 SYS_CONTEXT('parameter_ctx', 'variable2') AS variable2
FROM dual;
VARIABLE1 VARIABLE2
-------------------- --------------------
 two
SQL>
-- Clear all name-value pairs and retest.
EXEC context_api.clear_all_context;
SELECT SYS_CONTEXT('parameter_ctx', 'variable1') AS variable1,
 SYS_CONTEXT('parameter_ctx', 'variable2') AS variable2
FROM dual;
VARIABLE1 VARIABLE2
-------------------- --------------------
SQL>
Note. Calling CLEAR_CONTEXT with the ATTRIBUTE parameter set to NULL is similar to calling the CLEAR_ALL_CONTEXT procedure.
Packages (RESET_PACKAGE)
Sessions have the ability to alter package state by amending the values of package variables. If a session is being used as part of a connection pool and the state of its packages are not reinitialized, this can lead to unexpected behavior. To solve this, the RESET_PACKAGE procedure, available since Oracle 7, can be called to reinitialize all packages.
-- Create a package with a package variable and GET/SET methods.
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE p1 AS
 FUNCTION get_value RETURN NUMBER;
 PROCEDURE set_value (p_value IN NUMBER);
END p1;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY p1 AS
 g_number NUMBER := 1;
 FUNCTION get_value RETURN NUMBER AS
 BEGIN
 RETURN g_number;
 END get_value;
 PROCEDURE set_value (p_value IN NUMBER) AS
 BEGIN
 g_number := p_value;
 END set_value;
END p1;
/
-- Check the current value.
SELECT p1.get_value FROM dual;
 GET_VALUE
----------
 1
SQL>
-- Alter the value and retest.
EXEC p1.set_value(2);
SELECT p1.get_value FROM dual;
 GET_VALUE
----------
 2
SQL>
-- Reset the package state and retest.
EXEC DBMS_SESSION.reset_package;
SELECT p1.get_value FROM dual;
 GET_VALUE
----------
 1
SQL>
Memory (FREE_UNUSED_USER_MEMORY)
If a session performs operations that cause it to allocate a large amount of memory in the PGA or UGA, this memory will not be reclaimed until the session disconnects. For sessions in the connection pool this can present a problem unless they are managed properly. As the name suggests, the FREE_UNUSED_USER_MEMORY procedure, available since Oracle 7, frees up unused memory in the session.
CONN / AS SYSDBA
GRANT SELECT ON v_$mystat


text: People came from everywhere, and despite the gray sky and the rain, which served as a backdrop, the parade marched on. The streets were filled and embellished with colorful traditional costumes. The traditional gold costumes illuminated the way. They revived old traditional tunes accompanied by drums, accordions, and joyous marching bands. As the Thousand Pollera Parade proceeded through the city of Las Tablas, more women dressed in traditional pollera costumes, came out of doorways and from balconies, and joined this majestic parade. There were so many polleras, and it is believed that there were approximately 10,000 in all. The polleras —montunas, ocueñas, and gala— shined during the sunset. They were welcomed with admiration by hundreds of journalist cameras. The polleras danced for the sole recompense of rescuing the Panamanian folkloric tradition, which revived with the rain that an admiring sky poured on them.


text:
A German woman working as an astronaut: That shouldn't be anything special. But Suzanna Randall will actually be the first German woman to fly to the International Space Station (ISS). In today's Germany, there are still sectors that are disproportionately dominated by men. Space travel is one of them. In 2023, astrophysicist Suzanna Randall plans to become the first German woman to join the rotating crew of the ISS. Her path to this point in her career hasn't been easy. To date, Germany has only sent male astronauts to serve on the ISS. Thanks to a private initiative called "Die Astronautin" ("The Female Astronaut"), the dream of sending the first German woman into space is about to become a reality. Suzanna Randall, who beat out competition from 400 other applicants, has been undergoing the rigorous astronaut training program since 2018.
Related article - Rally: Passion-Led Investing
Destined for space - Germany's first female astronaut | DW Documentary

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
This is an old revision of HeritageWrittle from 2010-01-04 09:46:18.
Writtle has been a favoured place to live since the Stone Age some 6000 years ago. Since then there are many signs that Bronze Age and Iron Age people lived in the Parish. The Romans also lived in Writtle, as seen in the artefacts, roads and buildings that they left behind, and are just being rediscovered by Heritage Writtle.
Writtle was a large town of over a thousand in the Doomsday book of 1086, whilst Chelmsford the nearby County Town, was a mere 20 souls. The site of a royal hunting lodge in King John's reign can be seen in the Writtle College grounds, along with a tithe barn built about 1500. Robert the Bruce, King of Scotland was probably born in the Village. Judging by the number of large timber framed houses in the Parish, Writtle was an important, wealthy place in the Medieval & Tudor periods. Latterly Writtle's claim to fame is that Marconi started the first regular radio broadcasts from a small hut in Writtle in 1922, with the call sign 2MT (two-emma-toc).
Heritage Writtle is an enthusiastic group with 30 members who come from nearly as many different disciplines. They are delving into Writtle's past, through the archived records and by excavation in cooperation with local landowners and the Essex County Council and Chelmsford Borough Council specialists.
Details of Heritage Writtle's activities can be seen on its website _URL_.
|WrittleOx.jpg||12.37 KB||1/04/2010 9:27 am|
|WrittleBird.jpg||7.8 KB||1/04/2010 9:27 am|
|WrittleBird1.jpg||5.15 KB||1/04/2010 9:36 am|
|WrittleCannon.jpg||7.73 KB||1/04/2010 9:27 am|
|WrittleCannon1.jpg||5.26 KB||1/04/2010 9:36 am|
|WrittleOx1.jpg||8.49 KB||1/04/2010 9:37 am|
| CBA, St Mary's House, 66 Bootham, York YO30 7BZ.
tel: +(44) (0)1904 671417 | fax: +(44) (0)1904 671384 | email:


circe / circe-fs2
Streaming JSON parsing and decoding with fs2
Version Matrix
Build Coverage status Gitter Maven Central
This project provides support for using fs2 for streaming JSON parsing and decoding with circe, a Scala library for encoding and decoding JSON to Scala types.
Circe-fs2 provides different pipes to parse your streams of JSONs depending on whether your stream is:
 - a \n-separated stream of JSON values or value stream:
{ "repo": "circe-fs2", "stars": 14 }
{ "repo": "circe-config", "stars": 5 }
 - or a JSON array:
The appropriate pipe for the job also depends on your input stream value type (i.e. String, Byte or Segment[Byte]).
The following table sums up every pipe available as a function of the input stream value type as well as the JSON structure:
String Byte Segment[Byte]
Value stream stringStreamParser byteStreamParser byteStreamParserS
Array stringArrayParser byteArrayParser byteArrayParserS
As an example, let's say we have a stream of strings representing a JSON array, we'll pick the stringArrayParser pipe which converts a stream of String to a stream of Json, Circe's representation of JSONs:
import io.circe.fs2._
val stringStream: Stream[IO, String] =...
val parsedStream: Stream[IO, Json] = stringStream.through(stringArrayParser)
Circe-fs2 also comes with a decoder pipe which, given a Decoder[A], produces a Stream[F[_], Json] => Stream[F[_], A] pipe.
For example, using Circe's fully automatic derivation:
case class Foo(a: Int, b: String)
val parsedStream: Stream[IO, Json] =...
val decodedStream: Stream[IO, Foo] = parsedStream.through(decoder[IO, Foo])
Contributors and participation


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My Last Duchess
My Last Duchess
by Robert Browning
My Last Duchess Theme of Art and Culture
"My Last Duchess" is a piece of art about a piece of (fictional) art – a poem about a pretend painting. The speaker of the poem, the Duke of Ferrara, is a connoisseur and collector of objets d'art, or art objects, which he displays privately in order to impress people. In this poem, art and culture become tools for demonstrating social status – and ways to reduce unstable elements, like the Duchess herself, to things that can be physically controlled.
Questions About Art and Culture
 1. Why does the Duke have a private art gallery? To whom do you think he usually shows the objects in his collection?
 2. Why is there a curtain over the portrait of the "last Duchess"? (Hint: can the portrait be moved?)
 3. Why is it so important that the portrait of the Duchess is full-length and extremely lifelike? How does the replacement of the real Duchess with her portrait work? What does the Duke gain by this replacement? What does he lose?
 4. How does the bronze statue of Neptune taming a seahorse relate to the portrait of the Duchess? Why does the Duke make a point of showing this second object to the Count's servant?
Chew on This
Even though the Duke is a collector of art objects, he doesn't really appreciate them; he only cares about the way they increase his status and demonstrate his power.
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text:
Utilizing the high stability of calcium and rare-earth hydrides, CaFeAsF1-xHx (x = 0.0-1.0) and SmFeAsO1-xH x (x = 0.0-0.47) have been synthesized using high pressure to form hydrogen-substituted 1111-type iron-arsenide superconductors. Neutron diffraction and density functional calculations have demonstrated that the hydrogens are incorporated as H- ions occupying F- sites in the blocking layer of CaFeAsF. The resulting CaFeAsF1-xH x is nonsuperconducting, whereas, SmFeAsO1-xHx is a superconductor, with an optimal Tc = 55 K at x ∼ 0.2. It was found that up to 40% of the O2- ions can be replaced by H - ions, with electrons being supplied into the FeAs layer to maintain neutrality (O2- = H- + e-). When x exceeded 0.2, Tc was reduced corresponding to an electron overdoped region.
|期刊||Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics|
|出版狀態||Published - 2011 7月 15|
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes


text:
Where do donations go for ChildLivesMatter.org
Got some good questions from a woman the other day, so here are the answers.
Where does the donations go if given?
To DarkDox to produce films working with victims of underage sexual abuse to tell their stories uncensored as they want them to be told for direct download via DarkDox.com to be distributed worldwide. We also print DVDs, flyers, stickers, posters, and more for nationwide protests and marches that are starting this weekend. We want to be a resource of information, support, community, education, and awareness while the mainstream media, Hollywood, and government officials are complicit and banning, blocking, character assassinating, gangstalking, threatening, and murdering us.
How is the money used to help children directly?
More than half of DarkDox worldwide are SRA survivors who are now parents. We work with local, state, and federal agencies to arrest those trafficking in children, and child pornography while exposing the grooming going on that has infiltrated the LGBTQIAPPK movement, the mainstream media, Hollywood, and the U.S. Government.
How can we as parents become involved in this movement?
Wrote this today.
Are all crimes considered in this movement?
Our scope is going after those who solicit sex with minors, traffic in children and/or child pornography, and vilifying the norming of MAPs (Minor Attracted Persons), pedophiles, hebephiles, and all the new words they are planning on coming up with.
Learn more at ChildLivesMatter.org


text:
Wife Beating – men batter women for trivial reasons
Vandana, a middle class house wife is a little late in coming home from the market. An enraged husband beats her up, giving her a black eye. Like all wife beaters, he needs only a flimsy excuse to physically abuse his wife. It could be because she has not cooked the vegetables properly, or has misplaced something in the house. When he is dissatisfied with her behaviour, he simply uses his fist to 'discipline' her! What is frightening is that many victims of wife battering have sustained serious injuries, sometimes even resulting in their death.
This is what we hear about in the documentary film Char Diwari ( Behind closed doors), directed by Gulshan Kripalani and Rinki Bhattacharya which was screened at Max Mueller Bhavan in Calcutta. It explodes several myths about wife battering.
Myths such as:
- Wife battering exists only in poverty stricken homes
- Wife batterers are usually drunkards or are mentally deranged in some way.
- Something is seriously wrong with the wife's behavior and the husband is driven to beating her.
The film is exposes how wives in middle class and affluent homes are beaten up by educated men from liberal backgrounds. It also explores the isolation and terror of women trapped in violent marriages and the social response to domestic violence. Most important, the film tells us the story of four courageous women who decided to put a stop to the violence and start life afresh.
Yet, the question that haunts the viewer is: why didn't the women fight back earlier? Why did they wait for so many years to leave their husbands?
As Luku Sanyal, news reader and daughter of a well known Bengali film actor, talks about her experience, the sense of shame and bewilderment is overpowering. 'I was so utterly unprepared for what happened,' she says about her violent marriage.
The shock and fear that battered women go through makes it difficult for them to leave. Also, they are emotionally and financially dependent on their husbands, which prevents them from seeking outside help.
Society often implies that the woman is not trying hard enough to make the marriage work, or that she is doing something wrong, that she deserves a beating.
Flavia Agnes, another battered woman and a mother of two children, explains how her husband used to dictate to her what to do…what to wear, what to eat, when to go out. He also demanded an account of every penny she spent, and tried to prevent her from making any outside contacts. Women like Flavia, in their lonely battle of nursing their grief, often become isolated from neighbours and friends.
There are thousands of women who go through what these women did and this mental and physical cruelty is on the rise. However, only few cases are reported, and those that are reported are just the tip of the ice berg. Women avoid going to the police as they want to protect their husbands.
Lata, a domestic featured in the film, says, 'He is my husband and I thought, why should I be the one to bring trouble to him?' She also hoped against hope that tone day the beatings would stop. They never did. Ultimately it was the concern for her child that made her leave. Even then, it was only after making contact with a woman's organization that she could pluck up enough courage to make a clean break. Today Lata is settled and happy. She and her daughter live with a kind employer. To her joy, her child now attends school, something that he husband was against.
Flavia's story is even more amazing. Her husband did not give her any money and she decided to earn a little from tuitions. Even this was disapproved off, and she was often beaten in front of her students. Defying her husband, she went to the university and got herself a lawyer's degree. Today, she is a lawyer and lives independently and helps battered women fight for their rights.
Finally, it is the economic independence which can give a woman the self confidence to fight back. Rinki Bhattacharya, daughter of the legendary film maker Bimal Roy and one of the co – directors of the film, is herself the victim of wife battering. She admits that the most difficult problem after her divorce was an economic one. Rinki recalls:
I had to sell all my jewellery and work day and night to support myself and the children.
She did it, but for most battered women the economic problems can be insurmountable. For them, a woman's welfare organization can be the only ray of hope. It's a place not only to get some economic help, but also learn a vocation. Rinki runs an organization called 'Help' in Mumbai which provides counseling and aid to victims of domestic violence.
All the women featured in the documentary Char Diwari are those who have been aided by "Help".
Though there are films like Char Diwari, they do not receive sufficient publicity. For instance, Char Diwari was aired only twice on DD 2, and that too at an odd time.
Such films not only increase our awareness of this problem but also because these stories of hope reach out to victims and help them cope with their anguish and give them strength to fight back.
(The article re-produced above was written by me and has appeared in The Telegraph, Calcutta. The graph however is sourced from the Times Of India and the statistics are current, 2006.)
(The following is a letter written by me which was published in the Times of India, Bangalore)
Sir – in her middle " a Woman of Style", Ms Nergis Dalal has quoted Ms Vijaylakshmi Pandit as saying 'cooking, looking after the children, running the house, that is nothing…' I was shocked to say the least. My respect for the ex–ambassador has touched rock bottom. I am surprised that a reputed paper like yours publishes such sexist views.
I need hardly add that being a mother and housekeeper is a full time job, demanding more energy, initiative and organising skills than any office job. Besides, caring for and nurturing the family is an essential need in any society and one wishes that people would give this occupation the respect it deserves.
Two reputed organisations have carried out studies on this subject.
1. The WHO global study called The Women's Health and Domestic Violence Against Women study is based on interviews with more than 24,000 women in 10 countries – Brazil, Japan, Ethiopia, Peru, Samoa, Bangladesh, Namibia, Tanzania, Serbia and Montenegro.
- One in six women worldwide suffers domestic violence.
- Women suffer broken bones, bruises, burns, cracked skulls, dislocated jaws, rape and ofcourse – terror.
- Domestic violence remains largely hidden as many women suffer silently.
- Physically or sexually-abused women were more likely to suffer longer-term health problems, including depression.
- Often, the woman herself believes that the man is justified in beating her.
2. The second study by Oxfam (an UK based charity) says that the problem is South Asia is much worse. As many as one in every two women faces domestic violence.
Oxfam has also drawn up a profile of the wife-beater:
- All wife beaters believe in male domination. These men have certain rules and regulations that women should follow, and if the women don't follow them, they are subjected to violence and/or verbal abuse.
- Another type of man hits out in a fit of anger or in an alcoholic stupor when he doesn't get what he wants from the woman, or because she does not give him 'respect'. These type of men often repent temporarily.
- There is an even more dangerous kind of wife-beater. He does not believe in any moral or social conventions. He believes that the woman is his property and that he can do anything he likes with her. He will gratify any of his perverted, violent and sexual desires without any regard for the woman's safety.
Related Reading: India's pathetic sex-ratio
Why Indians want sons
How the media portrays women
Do women really fast for the men?
Cooking is not considered an activity that is respected
Single mothers face an uphill task
Is India far better than the United States when it comes to political empowerment of women?


text:
203 of 212 people found the following review helpful
This review is from: Musicophilia: Tales of Music and the Brain (Hardcover)
Musicophilia is an absolutely phenomenal book, and will be of interest to anyone fascinated by music, mysteries of the mind, and the human condition. Sacks covers 29 different topics, ranging from synesthesia, to musical hallucinations, to savants, and beyond. In each chapter, he introduces the topic through cases (his own and famous ones in the literature--neurological and classic fictional literature, that is!), always maintaining a deep engagement with the humanity of the subjects: what is it like for these individuals? how do they describe their talent or illness or condition? Sacks also speculates on the possible neurological bases for these fascinating scenarios. This is a real page-turner, beautifully and clearly written, and it will give readers a new respect for the special place of music in our psychology, as well as a deeper understanding of the range of what it is to be human. 20 stars!

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
soME questions for YOU
We are starting a new paradigm, Artificial Intelligence, and human thinking is the difference.
Emotional answers are the difference.
Your answers are the difference.
YOU are the difference.
Would you like to answer one of these questions?
YOU + AI = augmented intelligence
YOU x AI = new powers
YOU – AI = you >> [emotional thinking]
AI – YOU = a possible possibility
YOU : AI = delegate
AI : YOU = alienation
I will post more questions on this blog.


As you may remember, two years ago in Eastern Iowa we experienced a long cold snap with sub-zero temperatures. Fast forward to 2021 and the sub-zero temperatures have returned. As a reminder, follow these steps below for the best heating practices during sub-zero temps.
 1. Please raise the temperature in your home 2 to 4 degrees above your normal setting.
 3. If you have a furnace; replace the filter.
 4. Keep garage doors closed.
 5. Limit opening exterior doors.
 7. Close all curtains and blinds to help hold the heat in and stop drafts. Seal all leaking windows and doors.
 8. If you have a 90%+ furnace and boiler: You must keep the intake and exhaust clear of ice and snow. During these cold temperatures, ice can build up. A 90%+ furnace and boiler have 2 white PVC pipes; (Click the Link to learn more) an exhaust pipe and an intake pipe that are generally on the side or back of your home. In some instances, they are on your roof, do NOT go on your roof to clear the pipe. Make sure to clear the snow off of your Gas Regulator as well.
If you are still experiencing problems with your heating system, "Call the Guys You Can Trust" at Colony Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning. We are available 24/7 for Emergency Services. 364-HEAT (4328).


text:
Come in, the water's just fine! Okay, you won't be hearing any alligators saying that, but as these amazing images show, these restricted reptiles are taking the cold snap in their stride – even if their swampy home has transformed into a glittering prison of ice.
Like snorkelers who picked a particularly bad time to take a dip, these alligators at Shallotte River Swamp Park in North Carolina are trapped in frozen waters – and in these hostile, icy conditions, an ancient survival mechanism is kicking in.
Ordinarily, these alligators would be spending their time sun-bathing or resting along the bottom of their swamp, but in a video captured by staff at the Swamp Park, we can see the animals adopting a very different pose on account of the punishing cold spell currently blasting the US.
What they're doing is called brumation, which is similar to hibernation, and involves the reptiles' metabolism slowing down dramatically and going into a lethargic state, in response to very cold temperatures.
Usually, these alligators would brumate at the bottom of their swamp, coming up at least once a day for air. These are not usual times, however.
In the aftermath of a bomb cyclone, it looks like the alligators are adopting a different survival strategy, positioning themselves – or at least their snouts – at the surface of their frozen swamp, giving them ready access to air while the bitter winter persists.
"It's an interesting behaviour because it's opposite of what most crocodilians do," retired ecologist James Perran Ross explained to Live Science.
"The normal response of most other crocs when it gets really cold is to come out of the water and try to bask to get warm again."
That might not be an option here, though – because of bomb cyclone weirdness generally, and the colder-than-usual air temperatures the US is currently weathering as a result, which could be dangerous to unsheltered alligators.
"They can sense temperature changes and will stick their noses out of the water to breathe," the Swamp Park's general manager, George Howard, told HuffPost.
"In that state, they are still alive, still moving, but very lethargic."
It's an incredibly cool (ahem) survival trick, but it's not something alligators can pull off indefinitely.
Alligators can live in water temperatures as low as 4 degrees Celsius (40 degrees Fahrenheit), but in icy conditions like this, Howard reckons the reptiles would only survive for about a week.
Luckily for all concerned, the ice you're seeing here ended up thawing a few days later, meaning this frosty crew can look forward to many warmer times ahead.
"It's 65 degrees [Fahrenheit] here today and the waters have melted," Howard said on Tuesday.
"They're out and doing their happy dance."


text: The overarching aim of this study was to examine and explore the barriers to resettlement for foreign national women living in the community in the UK, and to shed light on the complex ways in which non-citizen immigration status shapes the lived reality of resettlement for this group. In recent years, there has been an increased focus by the UK government on the deportation of 'foreign national criminals' on completion of their sentence, an emphasis that has geared foreign national women's pathways through the CJS strongly towards the possibility of deportation, over rehabilitation and resettlement. Yet, many foreign national women are released into the community post sentence – indeed, 260 women in 2017 (Ministry of Justice 2019), in addition to women serving community sentences. By interviewing women in open, semi-structured conversations, my aim was to identify and gain much needed insight into the challenges they face, giving space for women to voice the struggles – often painfully sustained and unyielding – that shape their daily lives in the community and render rehabilitative goals impossible. By interviewing practitioners, I aimed to identify the barriers they come up against in providing support and to ask how these could be addressed. Ultimately, the research makes recommendations for urgently needed improvements to current provision for this group.


text:
Storytelling, being the interactive art of melding actions, culture and words, is a core element of the performing arts. Whether it is a comedy, tragedy, song, or dance, actors guide audiences through discovering narratives with their performance. This year, Spokane Civic Theatre Academy's focus is to offer safe and inclusive opportunities to question what it means to be a storyteller – exploring a variety of methods and styles via classes, productions and workshops.
Fairy tales – we all know them but not necessarily the ingredients to create them. Winter classes delve into the many fascinating facets of fairy tales as a unique and enduring storytelling format – such as magic, mythical conflict, humor, and character tropes.
Winter classes are six weeks and run January 31 – March 10, 2022.
Financial assistance available for all classes, productions and workshops.
Refunds accepted until January 24
January 25 – February 1, dropped classes will receive future class credit


s. At one-minute intervals,
gently stir the water samples with their straws. Observe the temperatures.
7. After sufficient heating has occurred, record the time elapsed and the final temperatures
of each sample.
8. Calculate the heat developed from:
Heat = mass (g) x specific heat x temperature difference (°C)
H = mc∆T
Water has a specific heat of 4.2 J/g°C
Determine power:
Power = Energy (heat)/time
(Time must be measured in seconds.)
9. Plot a graph of power vs. resistance and graphically determine the relationship.
Resistance
Ω)
(Ω
36 – Appendix 3: Electricity
Mass of
Water
(g)
Time
(s)
Temperature (°C)
Ti
Tf
∆T
Heat
(J)
Power
(W)
SENIOR 4 PHYSICS • Appendices
Part 2: Power and Current
Apparatus
- 6V battery
- heating coils of identical resistance
- resistance coil
- patch cords
- ammeter
- thermometer
- watch (or digital thermometer and LabPro)
- 100 mL graduated cylinder
- Styrofoam™ cups and lids
A
Procedure
1. Prior to the experiment, allow about one litre of water to reach room temperature.
2. Pour exactly 100 mL of water into each Styrofoam™ cup. Place the heating coil and
thermometer arrangement into the water and obtain an initial temperature reading to the
nearest 0.1° C.
3. Prepare the circuit to deliver current to the heating coil and resistance coil in parallel. Be
sure to connect the ammeter in series with the heating coil only.
4. Connect the D cell and begin recording time, current, and temperature readings every
minute. Gently stir the water for a few seconds prior to reading the thermometer. Collect
data until a temperature rise of at least a few degrees is noticed. Record in the data table.
Appendix 3: Electricity – 37
Appendices • SENIOR 4 PHYSICS
5. Use a fresh sample of water and another heating coil. Adjust the resistance coil to a
different value so a different current will pass through the heating coil. Repeat Step 4
above. Perform several different trials, using very different currents in identical heating
coils.
6. Calculate the heat developed from:
Heat = mass (g) x specific x temperature heat difference (°C)
H = mc∆T
Water has a specific heat of 4.2 J/g °C
7. Determine power:
Power = Energy (heat)/time (Time must be measured in seconds.)
8. Plot a graph of power vs current. Perform graphical manipulations as required to
determine the relationship between power and current.
Data Table: Power and Current
Current
(A)
Mass
(g)
Temperature (°C)
Ti
38 – Appendix 3: Electricity
Tf
∆T
Heat
(J)
Time
(s)
Power
(W)
SENIOR 4 PHYSICS • Appendices
Appendix 3.3: Kirchoff's Contribution
By experimentation Ohm found that in an electric circuit
a
,
R
I=
where a is a constant of proportionality. Later, Joule demonstrated that P = I 2R. Both
experiments are examples of scientific laws developed inductively from observations of the
behaviour of electric circuits. Additionally, both experiments are concerned with charges in
motion. Kirchoff started with the energy considerations of static charges and showed the
following.
Electric Potential
Electric potential is the electric potential energy per unit charge.
V=
Ee
Q
Therefore, Ee = QV
We also know that the work done moving a charge in a field is the change in energy.
W = ∆Ee
Therefore, the change in energy between points a and b
Eb – Ea = QVb – QVa
or
∆Ee = QVb – QVa
∆Ee = Q(Vb – Va)
∆Ee = Q∆V
where ∆V is called Electric Potential Difference (voltage). Since we only deal with
changes in energy, this is the most important term. Now, if we divide both sides of the
equation by time
∆Ee Q
= ∆V
t
t
P = I ∆V
That is, the power delivered (dissipated) in a circuit is the current times the voltage. (In
terms of charged particles, why does this make sense?) Recall Joule,
P = I 2R
Therefore, I 2 R = I∆V, and
I=
∆V
R
Appendix 3: Electricity – 39
Appendices • SENIOR 4 PHYSICS
Thus, Kirchoff demonstrated that if the constant in Ohm's Law was voltage, that everything
we knew about in terms of static and dynamic electricity fit together in a coherent
theoretical and practical system (in other words, it is a good theory).
Determine the resistance, current, voltage, and power for series, parallel, and
combined networks.
Circuit analysis would begin with simple series and simple parallel circuits. The following is
an example of the analysis of a combined network or complex circuit.
In the circuit below, determine the current, the voltage drop, and the power consumed by
each resistor.
2W
1W
20 W
3W
30 V
6W
4W
7W
The circuit is neither a simple series nor a simple parallel connection of resistors. It contains
both groupings, so it is an example of a complex circuit.
Generally, it is necessary to determine the total or equivalent resistance of the circuit before
other electrical quantities can be calculated. In such a complex circuit, it is necessary to
identify the resistors that are in series with each other and those that are in parallel with each
other. These groups of resistors can be added together to reduce the number of resistors in
the circuit. This process continues until the circuit is reduced to a single resistor.
Usually, begin by looking at resistors furthest from the source. In this case, the 2 Ω and 6 Ω
resistor are in series and may be combined to a single value of 8 Ω. At the same time, 20 Ω
and 4 Ω may be combined to give 24 Ω.
40 – Appendix 3: Electricity
SENIOR 4 PHYSICS • Appendices
8W
24 W
2W
1W
20 W
3W
30 V
6W
4W
7W
1W
24 W
30 V
3W
8W
7W
This results in three resistors of 24 Ω, 3 Ω, and 8 Ω in parallel. Combining these in parallel:
1
1
1
1
1 1 1 1
8
3 12
= +
+
=
+ + =
+ +
=
RT R1 R2 R3 24 3 8 24 24 24 24
∴ RT =
24
=2Ω
12
Appendix 3: Electricity – 41
Appendices • SENIOR 4 PHYSICS
2W
1W
24 W
30 V
3W
8W
7W
1W
The circuit now consists of three resistors in
series. The total resistance for the entire circuit is
RT = 1 + 2 + 7 = 10 Ω.
2W
30 V
7W
30 V
42 – Appendix 3: Electricity
10 W
This is often called the equivalent resistance, and
this simple circuit, consisting of a single source
and a single resistor, is known as the equivalent
circuit.
The equivalent resistance of 10 Ω draws the
same amount of current from the power supply
as the original complex network.
SENIOR 4 PHYSICS • Appendices
To complete the analysis, we work backwards to the original circuit, applying Kirchoff's
laws:
- Kirchoff's Current Law: The sum of currents entering a junction must equal the sum of
currents leaving that junction.
- Kirchoff's Voltage Law: The sum of potential drops around a circuit must equal the sum
of potential rises around the circuit.
Once the total resistance is calculated, find the total current that leaves and returns to the
V 30 V
.
source I = =
R 10 Ω
This is called the main line of the circuit since it has the total current in it. It is helpful to
draw this in the circuit.
2W
1W
20 W
3W
6V
30 V
6W
4W
7W
This total current passes through the 1 Ω and 7 Ω resistors. This results in a voltage drop
across each of them.
Vdrop = IR = (3 A) (1 Ω) = 3 V and
Vdrop = (3 A)(7 Ω) = 21 V
The voltage drop left for the remainder of the circuit is 30 V – 24 V = 6 V.
This 6 V appears across the three parallel branches so the current in each branch can be
determined. Since voltages across parallel resistances are the same:
V
6V
=
= 0.25 A
R 24 Ω
V 6V
I= =
=2 A
R 3Ω
V 6V
I= =
= 0.75 A
R 8Ω
I=
Appendix 3: Electricity – 43
Appendices • SENIOR 4 PHYSICS
The voltage drop across the 20 Ω and 4 Ω resistors may be calculated.
Vdrop = IR = (0.25 A)(20 Ω) = 5 V across the 20 Ω resistor
The voltage drop across the 4 Ω resistor can be found the same way or by using Kirchoff's
Voltage Law. Since 6 V appears across both resistors and the 20 Ω resistor has a drop of 5 V
across it, then the 4 Ω resistor has a drop of 6 V – 5 V = 1 V.
A similar method can be used to find the voltage drops across the 2 Ω and 6 Ω resistors. For
the 2 Ω resistor: Vdrop = IR = (0.75 A)(2 Ω) = 1.5 V. The voltage drop across the 6 Ω
resistor is 6 V – 1.5 V = 4.5 V.
Use Watt's Law or its two variations to find the power consumed by each resistor:
For the 1 Ω and 7 Ω series resistors in the main


How to split a string while ignoring the case of the delimiter?
I need to split a string let's say "asdf aA asdfget aa uoiu AA" split using "aa" ignoring the case. to
"asdf "
"asdfget "
"uoiu "
Answers
There's no easy way to accomplish this using string.Split. (Well, except for specifying all the permutations of the split string for each char lower/upper case in an array - not very elegant I think you'll agree.)
However, Regex.Split should do the job quite nicely.
Example:
var parts = Regex.Split(input, "aa", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
If you don't care about case, then the simplest thing to do is force the string to all uppercase or lowercase before using split.
stringbits = datastring.ToLower().Split("aa")
If you care about case for the interesting bits of the string but not the separators then I would use String.Replace to force all the separators to a specific case (upper or lower, doesn't matter) and then call String.Split using the matching case for the separator.
strinbits = datastring.Replace("aA", "aa").Replace("AA", "aa").Split("aa")
In your algorithm, you can use the String.IndexOf method and pass in OrdinalIgnoreCase as the StringComparison parameter.
My answer isn't as good as Noldorin's, but I'll leave it so people can see the alternative method. This isn't as good for simple splits, but it is more flexible if you need to do more complex parsing.
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
string data = "asdf aA asdfget aa uoiu AA";
string aaRegex = "(.+?)[aA]{2}";
MatchCollection mc = Regex.Matches(data, aaRegex);
foreach(Match m in mc)
{
 Console.WriteLine(m.Value);
}
It's not the pretties version but also works:
"asdf aA asdfget aa uoiu AA".Split(new[] { "aa", "AA", "aA", "Aa" }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
 public static List<string> _Split(this string input,string[] splt)
 {
 List<string> _Result=new List<string>();
 foreach(string _splt in splt)
 {
 if (splt.Count() == 1)
 {
 _Result.AddRange(Regex.Split(input, _splt, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase).ToList());
 }
 else
 {
 List<string> NewStr = Regex.Split(input, _splt, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase).ToList();
 foreach(string _NewStr in NewStr)
 {
 List<string> NewSplt = splt.ToList();
 NewSplt.Remove(_splt);
 return _Split(_NewStr, NewSplt.ToArray());
 }
 }
 }
 return _Result;
 }
then use this function as bellow
public frmThematicConversation()
{
 InitializeComponent();
 string str = "a b c d e f g h a b c f a d c b f";
 string[] splt = { "a", "b" };
 List<string> _result = str._Split(splt);
}
Dim arr As String() = Strings.Split("asdf aA asdfget aa uoiu AA",
 "aa" ,, CompareMethod.Text)
CompareMethod.Text ignores case.
Need Your Help
Forecasting time series data
r time-series xts
I've done some research and I am stuck in finding the solution. I have a time series data, very basic data frame, let's call it x:
Why does 2>&1 need to come before a | (pipe) but after a "> myfile" (redirect to file)?
bash shell pipe stdout pipeline
When combining stderr with stdout, why does 2>&1 need to come before a | (pipe) but after a > myfile (redirect to file)?


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I've been doing some reading on the Strategy Pattern, and have a question. I have implemented a very basic Console Application below to explain what I'm asking.
I have read that having 'switch' statements is a red flag when implementing the strategy pattern. However, I can't seem to get away from having a switch statement in this example. Am I missing something? I was able to remove the logic from the Pencil, but my Main has a switch statement in it now. I understand that I could easily create a new TriangleDrawer class, and wouldn't have to open the Pencil class, which is good. However, I would need to open Main so that it would know which type of IDrawer to pass to the Pencil. Is this just what needs to be done if I'm relying on the user for input? If there's a way to do this without the switch statement, I'd love to see it!
class Program
{
 public class Pencil
 {
 private IDraw drawer;
 public Pencil(IDraw iDrawer)
 {
 drawer = iDrawer;
 }
 public void Draw()
 {
 drawer.Draw();
 }
 }
 public interface IDraw
 {
 void Draw();
 }
 public class CircleDrawer : IDraw
 {
 public void Draw()
 {
 Console.Write("()\n");
 }
 }
 public class SquareDrawer : IDraw
 {
 public void Draw()
 {
 Console.WriteLine("[]\n");
 }
 }
 static void Main(string[] args)
 {
 Console.WriteLine("What would you like to draw? 1:Circle or 2:Sqaure");
 int input;
 if (int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out input))
 {
 Pencil pencil = null;
 switch (input)
 {
 case 1:
 pencil = new Pencil(new CircleDrawer());
 break;
 case 2:
 pencil = new Pencil(new SquareDrawer());
 break;
 default:
 return;
 }
 pencil.Draw();
 Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit...");
 Console.ReadKey();
 }
 }
}
Implemented Solution shown below (Thanks to all who responded!) This solution got me to the point where the only thing I need to do to use a new IDraw object is to create it.
public class Pencil
 {
 private IDraw drawer;
 public Pencil(IDraw iDrawer)
 {
 drawer = iDrawer;
 }
 public void Draw()
 {
 drawer.Draw();
 }
 }
 public interface IDraw
 {
 int ID { get; }
 void Draw();
 }
 public class CircleDrawer : IDraw
 {
 public void Draw()
 {
 Console.Write("()\n");
 }
 public int ID
 {
 get { return 1; }
 }
 }
 public class SquareDrawer : IDraw
 {
 public void Draw()
 {
 Console.WriteLine("[]\n");
 }
 public int ID
 {
 get { return 2; }
 }
 }
 public static class DrawingBuilderFactor
 {
 private static List<IDraw> drawers = new List<IDraw>();
 public static IDraw GetDrawer(int drawerId)
 {
 if (drawers.Count == 0)
 {
 drawers = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()
 .GetTypes()
 .Where(type => typeof(IDraw).IsAssignableFrom(type) && type.IsClass)
 .Select(type => Activator.CreateInstance(type))
 .Cast<IDraw>()
 .ToList();
 }
 return drawers.Where(drawer => drawer.ID == drawerId).FirstOrDefault();
 }
 }
 static void Main(string[] args)
 {
 int input = 1;
 while (input != 0)
 {
 Console.WriteLine("What would you like to draw? 1:Circle or 2:Sqaure");
 if (int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out input))
 {
 Pencil pencil = null;
 IDraw drawer = DrawingBuilderFactor.GetDrawer(input);
 pencil = new Pencil(drawer);
 pencil.Draw();
 }
 }
 }
share|improve this question
1
Switch statement that can cause open/closed principle to be violated later is bad. Strategy pattern helps separating the switch statement away from the place you want to keep it closed, but you still have to deal with choosing strategy/implementation some where either it is switch statement, if/else/if, or using LINQ Where (which is my favorite :-) By the way, strategy pattern also helps unit testing by allowing you to mock strategy implementation easily too. – kimsk Jan 23 '13 at 6:35
up vote 29 down vote accepted
Strategy isn't a magic anti-switch solution. What it does do is give modularise your code so that instead of a a big switch and business logic all mixed up in a maintenance nightmare
 - your business logic is isolated and open for extension
 - you have options as for how you create your concrete classes (see Factory patterns for example)
 - your infrastructure code (your main) can be very clean, free of both
For example - if you took the switch in your main method and created a class which accepted the command line argument and returned an instance of IDraw (i.e. it encapsulates that switch) your main is clean again and your switch is in a class whose sole purpose is to implement that choice.
share|improve this answer
6
+1 - I always feel like Strategy and Factory go hand in hand. – NG. Sep 30 '10 at 19:44

Thanks for helping me understand what the Strategy Pattern is/isn't. I have edited my post to show how I ended up implementing this. – JSprang Oct 1 '10 at 20:46
I don't think your switch here in your demo app is actually part of the strategy pattern itself, it is just being used to exercise the two different strategies you have defined.
The "switches being a red flag" warning refers to having switches inside the strategy; for example, if you defined a strategy "GenericDrawer", and had it determine if the user wanted a SquareDrawer or CircleDrawer internally using a switch against a parameter value, you would not be getting the benefit of the strategy pattern.
share|improve this answer
The following is an over engineered solution to your problem solely for the sake of avoiding if/switch statements.
CircleFactory: IDrawFactory
{
 string Key { get; }
 IDraw Create();
}
TriangleFactory: IDrawFactory
{
 string Key { get; }
 IDraw Create();
}
DrawFactory
{
 List<IDrawFactory> Factories { get; }
 IDraw Create(string key)
 {
 var factory = Factories.FirstOrDefault(f=>f.Key.Equals(key));
 if (factory == null)
 throw new ArgumentException();
 return factory.Create();
 }
}
void Main()
{
 DrawFactory factory = new DrawFactory();
 factory.Create("circle");
}
share|improve this answer
1
+1 for giving me an example of a Factory! I have edited my post to show how I ended up implementing this. – JSprang Oct 1 '10 at 20:47
You can also get rid of if with help of a dictionary
Dictionary<string, Func<IDraw> factory> drawFactories = new Dictionary<string, Func<IDraw> factory>() { {"circle", f=> new CircleDraw()}, {"square", f=> new SquareDraw()}}();
Func<IDraw> factory;
drawFactories.TryGetValue("circle", out factory);
IDraw draw = factory();
share|improve this answer
May be this link here will help explaining when and how to use strategy pattern. _URL_
share|improve this answer
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text:
INNOVACIÓN EN AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR: APLICACIÓN A SISTEMAS DE PRODUCCIÓN GANADERO LECHERO EN LA SIERRA NORTE DEL ECUADOR.
Requelme, Narcisa De Jesus
MetadataShow full item record
Family Farming is one of the most important productive sectors that contribute to peasant vocation in many countries because this area is essential to discussion and reflections on technological and innovation as a factors and mechanisms to improve their production and economic levels, and environmental and social implications. The aim of the research was to identify innovations in dairy production cattle systems classifying by type to relate to social issues and sustainability of the AF. A research strategy was developed with an online survey on professionals 3 agro-climatic regions and 5 workshops with focus groups in 4 cantons of the province of Pichincha. 14 types arise to analyze innovations, as a result the typology TPcI identified, the Process Innovation which through various activities together, improve productivity and quality rates, and Adaptation Inovation that are incorporated to reduce costs. Factors such as the farmer's behavior to assume changes, the level of knowledge, access to technical information and economic resources in these AF systems, determined the level of adoption by type of innovation identified.
- CIDIP 2016 (Cartagena)


How It Began
In 1903, a young Joseph Dager immigrated from Lebanon via Ellis Island to Ohio. Ultimately settling in Utica, OH in 1914, he began making ice cream in the basement of a confectionary in three flavors: chocolate, vanilla and strawberry.
After just two years, the company produced 200 gallons of ice cream a month and the creamy, velvety texture of the ice cream inspired the name: Velvet Ice Cream.
A Family Affair
Velvet Ice Cream quickly turned into a thriving family business when Joseph's sons Ed and Charles built a manufacturing plant and began selling ice cream to local grocery stores and restaurants in the 1930's. When city ordinances hindered their ability to distribute their product, Charles helped to change those ordinances which opened up distribution allowing for expansion.
In 1950, third generation brothers, Joe and Mike Dager began to learn the business from the ground up. After the death of Joseph and Charles, they were named co-vice presidents as sophomores in college and high school.
By the mid 1970's, Joe and Mike officially took over leadership of Velvet Ice Cream. They focused on expanding distribution and creating a destination for people to enjoy and visit the manufacturing facility during the summer.
After thirty years of leadership, Joe passed the torch to the fourth generation, his daughters Luconda and Joanne Dager. He is still very much a part of the heart and soul of Velvet Ice Cream as he serves as Chairman of the Board.
A Place for Everyone
An old grist mill became the permanent home to Velvet Ice Cream in 1960. The mill soon became Ye Olde Mill which housed a turn of the century ice cream parlor that opened in 1970. A devasting fire destroyed the building in the late 1980's but was reopened a year later. Every summer since, the traditions of Velvet Ice Cream are shared with over 150,000 visitors to Ye Olde Mill, Ohio's only ice cream museum, ice cream parlor and restaurant.
A Century of Tradition
Velvet Ice Cream continues to honor the legacy of the family business by making ice cream in small batches, not in mass production, and using essentially the same recipe that Joseph Dager used in 1914.
Today, Velvet Ice Cream produces and distributes more than five million gallons of ice cream every year with distribution centers located across the Midwest region: Bucyrus, Chillicothe, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Ft. Wayne, Indianapolis, Louisville and Marietta.
Velvet Ice Cream is truly an original!
Velvet TimelinE


The Altaic
The Northern Elves
They are extraordinarily tall, and their skin is pale. Their hair is blonde or red and often long. Their features are bold. Their bodies are large and muscular. Their beards are often unkept but thick. They are the most reclusive of the elves and the least numerous, and their collection of lore is little, but they are strong. Most of their people live in Illum, a city made of ice and crystal, glazed with frost, twinkling in the sunlight like a beacon of fire.
They are sundered from a greater people called the Altresdolhn. The other part became the northern High Elves, or the Caládolhn. So the Altaic Elves look exactly as they once did, although they still have the tapered ears you see with all the other Yeqitari.
Parent ethnicities
Cover image: by Jelke Ludolphij
Sub-race: Altaic
Ability Score Increase +1 Con
Size Medium
Speed 30ft
Weapon Training: You have proficiency with the longsword, shortsword, shortbow, and longbow.
Tribes of the Altaic: You have proficiency with Light armor.
Homesteads on Ice Floats: You are resistant to Cold damage.
Languages. Languages. You can speak, read, and write Elvish (Local Dialect: Altaic), and one language of your choice. Altaic is a thick, heavy language with many rolled 'r's and a rhythm to its sentences.
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text:
ADVANCED, GAS-TO-LIQUIDS (GTL) TECHNOLOGY, SYNTHETIC HYDRAULIC FLUID
As the hydraulic oil moves under pressure through the lines, valves, and other hydraulic system components, energy can be lost. Shell Tellus S4 VE fluid can reduce the energy losses from hydraulic pumps by up to 21% compared with a mineral-oil-based fluid.
Modern hydraulic systems with smaller reservoirs and sumps are susceptible to fluid aeration. Air in the fluid can lead to undesirable consequences such as reduced efficiency and responsiveness, and increased susceptibility to cavitation and other harmful system malfunctions, which can cause unplanned downtime and increased maintenance costs.
Shell Tellus S4 VE 46 – Brochure


text:
- One of the flasks holds an oily liquid approximating to coffee while the other holds almost-boiling water that might nearly brew a half-strength cup of extra-weak tea.
- With a few gurgling noises created from his throat, and, evidently, some mucus, he filled the glass to a quarter inch below the brim with the liquid in the flask.
- He uncorked it, and poured the clear liquid into the flask.
- Levengood tested the metal fragment for the presence of hydrogen by putting a sample in a flask with a weak solution of acetic acid.
- The GA solution was dried in a rotor evaporator and then incubated under vacuum overnight in a reagent flask.
- They put methane, ammonia and carbon dioxide in a flask with some water, sparked some electricity through it, and after a week they got a brown sludge which contained amino acids.
- At the summit, while taking celebratory sips of whiskey from my Kansas City Chiefs flask, we were approached by an athletic couple from Colorado.
- Cleo had wandered to the sofa and was pulling a flask from her small silver shoulder purse.
- Between the folds of the bottom towel in the linen closet, he retrieved a silver flask and took several greedy swallows.
- The Tuscan origins of this fiaschetteria (where wine in straw flasks was sold) are honoured in a range of Chianina steak dishes and in a wine list which is strong on Chiantis and Brunellos.
- When there's no more wine in the flask at my table my friends are happy to drink my water.
- One parcel, wrapped in cloth, contained bread, cheese, and a small flask of wine.
- He got up at six, packed his car with hot-water bottle, shovel, flask and blanket, and took three hours to drive 12 miles.
- This time the modern-day Lady workers were enjoying a string concert and a glass or two of wine (though I suspect some people smuggled in flasks of rosehip tea).
- At 8.45 I shall make flasks of strong, black coffee and also have chilled mineral water on hand in case of dehydration.
- We have even found a hot flask of coffee there, so the person certainly wasn't far away.
- Sitting alone on the stage with only his trademark flask of tea and his pipe for company, the old boy positively exudes optimism.
- And behind any club at night you will find gangs of sophisticated and gorgeous thirty-somethings swigging guiltily from an illicit flask of vodka.
Middle English (in the sense 'cask'): from medieval Latin flasca. From the mid 16th century the word denoted a case of horn, leather, or metal for carrying gunpowder. The sense 'glass container' (late 17th century) was influenced by Italian fiasco, from medieval Latin flasco. Compare with flagon.
fiasco from mid 19th century:
A fiasco is a ridiculous or humiliating failure. The word was borrowed from Italian in the 19th century. In that language it meant originally 'a bottle', but the phrase far fiasco, literally 'make a bottle', was used in the theatre to mean 'fail in a performance'. In medieval English a flask (Middle English) was a cask or skin for holding liquor. The word came from medieval Latin flasca (along with LME flagon) but the 17th-century sense 'glass container' was influenced by Italian fiasco.
Words that rhyme with flaskask, bask, cask, Krasnoyarsk, mask, masque, task
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
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total data security and access control. Then the data is pumped into spreadsheets where there is no longer an control over what happens to the data and who accessed and changes it.
 This is known as the "Fragile Last Mile of Information."
 See the "The Fragile Last Mile of BI: Spreadsheet Risk & Fraud Analysis" blog at
 _URL_
 to gain a more in-depth insight to this issue.
 22. Have any notable solutions come about in the years since this article was written?
 I'm simply wanting to open an esisting excel template in CF 7, replace specific cell data with CF variable content, name the new file, and save it.
 We would even consider purchasing a solution if the cost was reasonable enough. Thanks.
 23. There is always JExcelAPI… pretty easy to use with CFMX.
 I've blogged about how to create XLS files with it, I think, at
 _URL_
 You'll need createObject() access and the jar in the classpath or a java loader to use this technique.
 24. As Richard mentioned, we can export data as xml spreadsheet if we have to write on multiple workbooks. Check out the below code sample:
 Step:1
 ———
 I am writing a query to retrieve data which is to be imported on an excel file
 <!— For sheet no: 1 —>
 <CFQUERY name="ReportData" datasource="#SystemDS#">
 SELECT *
 FROM

 </CFQUERY>
 <!— For sheet no:2 —>
 <CFQUERY name="ReportData1" datasource="#SystemDS#">
 SELECT *
 FROM

 </CFQUERY>
 Step :2
 ———-
 Now write the below code:
 <cfxml variable="xmlDataDump"> (define your own variable name)
 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 <?mso-application progid="Excel.Sheet"?>
 <Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
 xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
 xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"
 xmlns:dt="uuid:C2F41010-65B3-11d1-A29F-00AA00C14882"
 xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
 xmlns:html="_URL_

 </Styles>
 <Worksheet ss:Name="ReportData">

 <Column ss:Width="66"/>
 <Column ss:Width="70.5"/>
 <Column ss:Width="192"/>
 <Column ss:Index="5" ss:Width="71.25"/>
 <Column ss:Width="192"/>
 <Row ss:AutoFitHeight="0" ss:Height="15.75">
 <Cell ss:MergeAcross="6" ss:StyleID="m16276522"><Data ss:Type="String">Title</Data></Cell>
 </Row>
 <Row ss:AutoFitHeight="0">
 <Cell ss:MergeAcross="5" ss:StyleID="m16276552"></Cell>
 </Row>
 <!— Define your own code here. Loop thru your query and display data in rows —>
 <CFOUTPUT query="Reportdata">
 <Row ss:Height="54.75">
 <Cell ss:StyleID="s55"><Data ss:Type="String">#column1#</Data></Cell>
 <Cell ss:StyleID="s55"><Data ss:Type="String"><CFIF Abbreviation NEQ ">#XMLFormat(column2)#<CFELSE>#XMLFormat(column3)#</CFIF></Data></Cell>
 <Cell ss:StyleID="s55"><Data ss:Type="String">#XMLFormat(Background)#</Data></Cell>
 </Row>
 </CFOUTPUT>
 </Worksheet>
 <Worksheet ss:Name="ReportData2">
 <!— Repeat code using second query —>
 </Worksheet>
 </cfxml>
 <cfset xml = ToString(xmlDataDump)>
 <cffile action="write" nameconflict="overwrite" file="#getDirectoryFromPath(ExpandPath("../../"))#WriteableFolderDeploymentReportsService Introduction Project Deployment Weekly Report.xls" output="#xml#">
 Hope it may help !
 Cheers,
 Dhanya
Leave a Reply to Dhanya Cancel reply


text:
Drought easing after heavy rain, says minister
Two-month dry spell at an end, according to Chalermchai
published : 26 Jul 2019 at 14:50
writer: Online Reporters
The crisis in many drought-hit provinces is likely to ease after widespread rain across several regions ended a two-month dry spell and boosted reservoir levels, Agriculture and Cooperatives Minister Chalermchai Sri-on said on Friday.
Addressing concerns about water shortages on the second day of the government's policy debate in parliament, Mr Chalermchai said two of the country's main reservoirs -- the Sirikit and Bhumibol dams -- are filling up and have received 40 million cubic metres of water.
He said most rain-making operations have been successful and should temporarily alleviate the drought in several provinces in the northern, northeastern and central regions.
As part of long-term water-management measures, the Royal Irrigation Department will survey all reservoirs and other water sources and build monkey cheeks (kaem ling) water-retention areas for the dry season, he said.
The minister said more water-catchment areas near the Sirikit and Bhumibol dams are deemed necessary to help drought-hit farmers.
Senator Gen Danai Meechuwate agreed that the country needs more water-catchment areas, and suggested dredging canals and rivers to increase their storage capacity.
Authorities reported that water levels in several dams increased yesterday after widespread rainfall.
The Lam Pao dam in Kalasin received 2.79 million cubic metres of water after heavy rain and this was considered sufficient for household consumption for now, though the water situation for agricultural purposes would have to be closely assessed.
The Meteorological Department forecast is for more rain for the North, the Northeast, the Central Plains and the eastern region next week.


text:
NPN classification of Boolean functions is a powerful technique used in many logic synthesis and technology mapping tools in FPGA design flows. Computing the canonical form of a function is the most common approach of Boolean function classification. In this paper, a novel algorithm for computing NPN canonical form is proposed. By exploiting symmetries under different phase assignments and higher-order symmetries of Boolean functions, the search space of NPN canonical form computation is pruned and the runtime is dramatically reduced. The algorithm can be adjusted to be a slow exact algorithm or a fast heuristic algorithm with lower quality. For exact classification, the proposed algorithm achieves a 30× speedup compared to a state-of-the-art algorithm. For heuristic classification, the proposed algorithm has similar performance as the state-of-the-art algorithm with a possibility to trade runtime for quality.
X. Zhou, L. Wang, P. Zhao, and A. Mishchenko, "Fast adjustable NPN classification using generalized symmetries", Proc. FPL'18, 2018. doi: 10.1109/FPL.2018.00008


text:
Textile fibres are estimated to be the single largest contributor of greenhouse gas emissions in the fashion industry. Spinnova is at the forefront of helping brands significantly reduce their emissions and has now verified its climate impact with an expert assessment with the help of an external climate business consultancy. Their assessment shows that Spinnova's carbon footprint is 1.28 kg CO2e/kg fibre which is 72% lower compared to conventional cotton (4.6 kgCO2e/kg fibre).
The only by-product of Spinnova's first commercial factory is carbon neutral surplus heat, which will be reused in a local district heating network, reducing 3.2 kg CO2e/kg of emissions that would otherwise be produced in generating district heat. Taking this into account, Spinnova's production actually saves more CO2 emissions than it emits. The emission savings of Spinnova's annual production correspond to driving almost 14 million kilometres, or 350 times around the globe.
"The results confirm what we have expected: that SPINNOVA® is an extremely climate positive textile fibre. It supports our brand partners' exceptionally sustainable products, achieving their carbon neutrality targets and a winning competitive advantage for both them and Spinnova", comments Spinnova's Chief Technology Officer and co-founder Juha Salmela.
When replacing conventional cotton with SPINNOVA®, fashion brands can save 6.5 kg CO2e/kg of fibre produced. This positive climate impact is called the carbon handprint, and it compares the climate impact of two products intended for the same use. In this case, SPINNOVA® fibre produced at the first commercial factory in Jyväskylä was compared to the average climate impact of conventional cotton production from cradle-to-gate – so from farming the raw material, wood or cotton, to the end of the fibre production process. The calculation methodology has been developed by the Finnish Technical Research Centre VTT and LUT University.
"The carbon handprint methodology was developed to holistically evaluate and communicate positive climate impacts of solutions tackling climate change. Spinnova is setting an example with their impressive result and transparent reporting", says Sari Siitonen, CEO and founder of climate business consultancy Clonet, who calculated Spinnova's carbon handprint.
Low-emission technology and surplus heat as main drivers of positive climate impact
Spinnova's low-emission technology includes use of CO2-free energy and smart energy systems. The factory only uses wind power and heat recovered from its own process as its energy sources. The surplus energy recovered from Spinnova's process with heat pumps is recycled into the local district heating network, reducing the local energy provider Alva's emissions by replacing energy sources such as peat. The heat pump facility recovering and reusing energy from Spinnova's process is being built by energy systems supplier Calefa. Valmet, the supplier of fibre drying technology for the factory, has also been involved in planning and supplying technology for the energy solutions.
Because we use wind power, the carbon footprint of Spinnova's process is already very small, but we've wanted to push our technology even further. The energy solutions we have developed together with our partners further improve this process from both a sustainability and efficiency viewpoint. We are very proud of this and our climate impact overall, Salmela adds.
Important milestone on Spinnova's commercialisation journey
The calculations are based on the emissions of Spinnova's technology and production process used at the company's first commercial-scale factory in Jyväskylä, expected to be completed at the end of this year. The calculations are based on known quantities and, as the factory is not yet operational, some assumptions. The opening of the factory is a major milestone on Spinnova's commercialisation journey and important part of Spinnova and its joint venture partner Suzano's scaling target of producing one million tonnes of SPINNOVA® fibre annually within the next 10-12 years.
By scaling its fibre production using low-emission technology, Spinnova helps its brand partners to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in their value chains. The other key environmental benefits of SPINNOVA® include minimal water use, zero microplastics, biodegradability, and that no harmful chemicals are used in the manufacturing process.
Carbon handprint calculation
The carbon handprint calculations were made according to the carbon handprint methodology developed by the Finnish Technical Research Centre VTT and LUT University, and they are based on the ISO 14067:2018 standard. Clonet made the calculation on their OpenCO2.net platform with widely used methodologies and emissions databases.


text:
After a decade of legal battles, a ski resort in Northern Arizona recently became the first in the world to make artificial snow totally out of sewage effluent. On Dec. 24, Arizona Snowbowl fired up its snow guns for the first time, and to everyone's surprise, the snow that blasted onto the mountain was yellow.
The discolored snow has sharpened an already fraught conflict.
Snowbowl's manager, J. R. Murray, said the problem was caused by rusty residue in the new snow-making equipment that carries the wastewater from neighboring Flagstaff, where it is piped directly from the town's sewage treatment plant.
But Taylor McKinnon of the Center for Biological Diversity, a conservation group, says something seems fishy. "I question whether that explanation is based on tests of the water or conjecture," he said. "Something's awry, and the onus is on the Forest Service and ADEQ to protect the public and determine the cause." (ADEQ is the acronym for the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality.)
As I have reported, environmentalists and Native American groups have long opposed the ski area's snow-making plan, arguing that the wastewater snow poses risks to public health and the ecology of a mountain considered sacred by 13 American Indian tribes.
Mike Fulton, water quality division director of the state Department of Environmental Quality, said the agency was "looking hard" into several complaints it had received claiming that the presence of the manufactured snow on the slopes violated state laws on the use of reclaimed water, which prohibit ingesting it. Critics argue, among other things, that wastewater snow is being tracked into eating areas and that children are playing in it and touching their faces with it.
The water used for making snow at the ski area is not drinking water. Studies have found that it contains hormones, pharmaceuticals, antibiotics and other chemicals. There is much debate about whether these chemicals are harmful in small amounts.
Regardless, the discolored snow has meant Snowbowl has to contend with a heightened ick factor. Kaelan Monroe, 11, said he went skiing on New Year's Day and that the conditions were "kind of disgusting."
"The snow is crusty and icy and doesn't look very clean," he said. But that won't keep him from Snowbowl, where he has skied since age 3, he said. "I'm not too worried about face-planting in the snow and getting sick," said Kaelan, who describes himself as a proficient skier.
Arizona Snowbowl operates on public land under a special-use permit issued by the Forest Service. In 2005, the agency approved the ski area's upgrade plans, including artificial snow-making, after conducting a long environmental impact study.
That study "did not predict that the snow would be yellow," Mr. McKinnon said.
He said the yellow snow and "a growing list of unforeseen impacts," including new scientific research that indicates harmful chemicals in the wastewater, have rendered the 2005 study obsolete. "Snowbowl would be smart to update the study before they're forced to do so in court," Mr. McKinnon said.
Mr. Murray counters that the excitement over the yellow snow is "a lot to do about a small issue."
"No one here even cares except for those that oppose us," he said.
However, a worker hired just before Christmas for making snow said that his impression had been that the management was concerned about the image problem posed by the yellow snow. The worker, Grayson Lookner, said part of his job had been to drain the snow guns when they were not in use and he was told to drag them into the woods so the ski trails would not turn yellow.
He said he worked there only eight days and then resigned because the work was quite hard and he felt a growing unease. "I didn't feel right about blowing" the effluent "all over a sacred mountain," he said. Snowbowl confirmed that Mr. Lookner was employed by the resort from Dec. 20 to 28.
With climate change and prolonged drought in arid places like the Southwest, the use of reclaimed water is gaining importance as a conservation tool. Snowbowl officials portray the resort as on the cutting-edge of creative water recycling. Opponents argue that economic interests are driving a federal wastewater policy that puts commerce ahead of ecology.
Snowbowl officials have said that, because of reduced snowfall, the resort needs to make snow to stay in business. And so far snow-making has been a boon for the resort, it says. "The skiing is great! The pipes are now cleansed," Mr. Murray said in an e-mail.
State environmental officials say they have sent an inspector to Snowbowl and expect to complete an investigation next week. And Mr. Fulton said the agency had already worked with Snowbowl to construct barriers around the ski lifts to prevent overspray from entering the adjacent forest, where endangered plants grow in the fragile alpine tundra.
Potential harm to that that habitat was the focus of a lawsuit that was recently settled out of court.
To date, the discolored snow has not been tested.


text:
Jerusalem: Israel's defence manufacturing company Israel Aerospace Industry (IAI) has developed an autonomous system that can identify, locate and destroy improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and mines.
The system integrates a combination of multiple sensors which detects IEDs hidden in a 'complex areas', that could be helpful in saving soldiers' life,reports The Jerusalem Post.
IAI's Robotic Systems Division general manager Meir Shabtai said "The completion of the development of the autonomous IED detection system... and its delivery to operational trails is another significant quantum leap in the field of unmanned vehicles".
"The system provides a full end-to-end, effective, threatened-routes clearing solution, operations which have been done heretofore by troops, with significant danger to their lives," he added.
The robotic system enables faster, more efficient execution of missions without risk to human life. It combines a number of different detection devices capable of finding explosives on and under surfaces, and the engineering capabilities for neutralizing them. The system can be operated in any terrain and has a precision system that generates a real image of the area for its operator.
The system is part of the SAHAR IED detection family, which includes a number of robotic platforms that can locate hidden or buried explosives before clearing them. Each system includes the robotic platform, a control system and detection payloads. It will be installed on a robotic platform.
IAI begun testing of its Counter Improvised Explosive Device and Mine Suite (CIMS) mobile system last year.The CIMS can be operated day or night and in any weather conditions and environment. A large, rectangular multi-sensor system is placed directly in front of armored vehicles, allowing it to search and destroy IEDs.
According to IAI, CIMS has a 270-degree visual radius. When an IED or mine is identified, the system alerts soldiers with warning sounds and indicators displayed on a screen. The system also includes a firing position from where troops can shoot at the explosive device to destroy it without having to leave the safety of their vehicle.(UNI)


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Last Updated: Thursday, 9 August 2007, 12:35 GMT 13:35 UK
Furniture puts on chameleon show
By Mark Ward
Technology correspondent, BBC News website, San Diego
Interactive table and chairs
Sensors are embedded in the furniture
An interactive table-and-chairs set that can change colour has been developed by Japanese researchers.
The colours of the stools then change to match the colour of whatever has been placed on the sensitive table-top.
The stools' sensors work out the weight of anyone sitting on them - heavier people are treated to darker shades.
Pulsing colours
The circular table acts as the central control point for the four stools. Sensors sit beneath a glass plate on the top of the table and scan any object placed on it.
The sensors bounce red, green and blue light off the objects and record which hues are reflected.
An Apple Mac buried in the table then sends wireless messages to the four stools, which project light through their translucent shells to match, as closely as possible, the colour of the object on the table top.
Interactive table and chairs
Heavier people are treated to darker coloured chairs
The colours are also made to pulse lighter and darker at about the same tempo of human breathing in a bid to make the stools seem more life-like.
Placing many objects on the table-top makes the system mix and merge colours to match the shades seen in the collection of artefacts.
The designers suggest that people can change the colour of the chairs to match their mood.
Dreamed up by Shinya Matsuyama and colleagues from the Studio Mongoose design company in Japan, the Fuwapica furniture draws on the country's ancient notions that gods inhabit all manmade objects, be they chopsticks, dishes or tables.
The designers say that instead of furniture being inert and silent, it should be given a chance to interact with the people that use it.
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The study of both pilgrimage and monasticism in late-antique Egypt has long included a notion of sacred geography—of making a land holy. This paper extends this idea to how language about travel and geography shapes particular texts about late-antique monasticism in Egypt for which such topics have been overlooked. Symbolic geography infuses the landscape not simply with holiness but with particular roles in defining a people in relationship to that land. Drawing on the idea that pilgrimage includes travelling to and among the monks for the purpose of instruction, these texts traditionally regarded as "monastic" can be reread as "pilgrimage" texts infused with this symbolic geography. In doing so, it becomes apparent that Egypt as a land is made sacred not simply by the presence of holy monks sanctifying the desert but by the acts of pilgrimage to these men. The accounts of John Cassian and Palladius create the very status of Egypt that they assert is the rationale for their journey.