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Every Boxing Day on the Isle of Man, communities come together across the island to dance and sing in the streets around "the king of all birds", the wren, who is paraded around on a decorative pole.
Hunt the Wren, as it is known on the island, has become one of the most popular yet more unusual Manx traditions in practice today.
The practice dates back to Pagan times and is thought to have descended from Celtic mythology and may have been influenced by Scandinavian Viking settlers during the 8th and 10th centuries.
Historically groups of boys dressed up in straw outfits, known as 'wren boys' would gather on St Stephen's Day (Boxing Day) to hunt a sacred wren bird. They would then tie the bird to the top of a decorative pole and visit different houses, singing to receive money or presents for their display. Those who were generous and gave money to the boys would receive a feather from the bird as a thank you, and the collected money was used to host a village dance later in January.
Today the Hunt the Wren tradition is still a popular part of the islands seasonal festivities, and many communities come together to dance and raise money for charity. A replica of a wren is used nowadays instead of harming any real birds, and ribbons which are used to decorate the pole are handed out as good luck instead of the bird feathers.
This unusual community tradition is so special on the Isle of Man that it has been celebrated on a brand new £2 coin and only a limited number of these coins will enter circulation on the island.
But it's not the first time that the Hunt the Wren tradition has been celebrated on a coin, it was also featured on a 50p coin 24 years ago in 1994.
So to celebrate this new festive coin release from the Isle of Man, what better reason is there to take a look back at some of the festive designs issued on Isle of Man coinage over the years.
Here are a few of our favourites which show off how exciting Isle of Man coinage can be…
Just yesterday, the UK Royal Mint issued the first ever Christmas themed 50p coin to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the publication of Raymond Briggs' much-loved festive tale The Snowman™. And it's safe to say the demand for the much anticipated coin has been overwhelming. It has been so popular in fact that the Silver Proof and Gold versions of the coin have already completely SOLD OUT.
But the Isle of Man have been way ahead of the UK and have already issued a few 50p coins over the years featuring the much-loved children's character the Snowman. Issued in 2003, the first coin to feature the Snowman and James, the hero of the story, holding hands and dancing had a tiny mintage of just 10,000. Although not many of these coins are available on the secondary market, if you did want to add one to your collection, you'd be looking at parting with a minimum of £200!
The same design was issued in 2008 although these coins were not struck for general circulation. Fast forward to 2014 and the coin features the Snowman and James hugging with a Christmas tree in the background. As we already know, this coin regularly sells for 80 times its face value on secondary market selling sites such as eBay.
The Isle of Man have issued a wide range of Christmas themed 50ps over the last 40 years and it's safe to say that any of these festive 50p coins would definitely be an envious addition to anyone's collection. The mintages for Isle of Man festive 50ps have never exceeded 30,000 most likely due to the island having a population of less than 85,000 so it's no wonder the coins are so sought-after.
Let us know your favourite design ever issued on a festive coin and whether you've been able to add it to your collection.
Own the first Festive £2 coin from the Isle of Man
If you're interested in coin collecting, our Change Checker web app is completely free to use and allows users to:
– Find and identify the coins in their pocket
– Collect and track the coins they have
– Swap their spare coins with other Change Checkers
Sign up today at: _URL_


text: This small head of a queen is thought to have been created in the early part of the reign of the Macedonian Greek Ptolemies and is believed to depict Arsinoe II (278–270 B.C.), sister/wife of Ptolemy II, one of a line of religiously and politically important Ptolemaic queens.Arsinoe II is shown in a style that is closely related to that of Dynasty 30, the last of the traditional Egyptian pharaonic dynasties. Indeed, the early Ptolemies made great efforts to show themselves as the inheritors of the pharaohs who had preceded them. At the same time, other motivations led to the creation of other types of royal images. Strongly Hellenistic images (2002.66), relate these rulers to the other Hellenistic kingdoms ruled by Alexander's successors around the Mediterranean. Other images depict the Ptolemaic rulers with mixed Egyptian and Hellenistic or particularly Ptolemaic elements (20.2.21).

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center has developed a device and method for blocking the flow of fluid from an open pipe. The device plugs, controls, and meters the flow of gases and liquids. Anchored with friction fittings, spikes, or explosively activated fasteners, the device is well-suited for harsh environments and high fluid velocities and pressures. With the addition of instrumentation, it can also be used as a variable-area flow metering valve that can be set based upon flow conditions. With robotic additions, it can be configured to crawl into a pipe and then anchor and activate itself to block or control fluid flow.
The device incorporates a metallic, variable-area, cone-shaped mechanism to restrict the cross-sectional area of a pipe to throttle and control gas and liquid flow. The pointed shape allows easy insertion into a flowing pipe with minimal resistance. The device is anchored within the pipe using compression, lead screws, or pyrotechnic mechanisms when activated remotely. Actuators are used to mechanically change the device shape, which stops or controls pipe flow; with appropriate robotics, activation can be performed remotely. With proper pipe framing, nearly 100% flow blockage is possible.
For the oil industry, the device can reduce the amount of escaping oil from a broken pipe while relief wells are drilled. The device can then be removed or used as a valve to measure the amount of flow from inside the pipe, much like a control valve. In the fluid handling industry, the device can be used with additional instrumentation as a variable-area flow meter that can be set based upon flow conditions to enhance flow metering accuracy, control pressure losses, or control flow in a closed-loop feedback.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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What is Nanofiber?
What is Nanofiber?
3 minute read
Nanofibers are incredibly small, synthetic fibers – each measuring one thousand times thinner than a human hair. Nanofibers form complex strength through spiderweb-like structures, which have an advantage over conventional or even natural fibers due to their extraordinarily large surface area and tiny pore size. This combination creates maximum air flow and particle capture – significantly more than other synthetic or natural filters, achieving greater efficiency down to PM0.3 microns.
This image helps us visualize the size of a nanofiber when compared to both hair and a speck of pollen:
Its small size provides an array of benefits when utilized in face mask technology – including advanced protection and better comfort.
Featuring a weaving design closely packed together so microscopically that we are unable to see them with the human eye, nanofibers craft a small pore size and high surface-to-volume ratio. This means the surface area and pores of a face mask with nanofiber technology will not allow cells to pass through to reach the wearer. Simply, due to the unique and tough threading of the nanofibers, everyday dangers such as pollution, viruses, bacteria and more will be unable to cross the threshold of the mask, thereby enhancing protection from the outside world. Not even water or liquid can penetrate the surface, which is why it is such an essential component of any truly effective face mask.
Additionally, this works two ways, as a mask is not only a protector of the individual wearing the mask, but it also serves to halt the spread of germs as well. When you're sick, you should have a mask on – especially if there are other people in your household or if you are traveling out to an appointment with a doctor. Nanofibers block larger cells from escaping the mask, which helps to ensure less spread of any unpleasant or harmful ailment to unsuspecting passersby or loved ones.
While many are aware of the advanced protection that nanofibers provide in face mask technology, what may come as a surprise is that this material is also significantly more comfortable than other fibers. The complexity of the microscopic hair-like design makes the mask lightweight and, therefore, extremely breathable. It's not simply a cloth over your face – it's a material that works with your body to trap cells out but allow air to flow in, so you don't feel cramped or suffocated. This also allows for better temperature regulation. More airflow means less of a "humid" feeling, as if the mask were a part of your face rather than your face feeling as if it's sweating into the mask. The light, soft and airy material of nanofibers ensures both short-term and long-term wear is much more comfortable.
Overall, nanofibers have revolutionized the way we keep people safe – with transformational applications in healthcare advancements such as tissue engineering, wound dressings, face masks and more.
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Definition - What does Polygon Mesh mean?
A polygon mesh is a collection of edges, faces and connecting points that is used to provide a polygon model for 3-D modeling and computer animation. Its geometric makeup can be stored in order to facilitate various kinds of simulation of three-dimensional renderings.
Techopedia explains Polygon Mesh
In a polygon mesh, each surface joins together through its boundaries and common edges. One example is a three-dimensional sphere made up of identical faces, like a soccer ball in which the faces themselves can be flat or curved. More complex polygon meshes render people, animals, and other complex shapes. Computer engineers use specific digital tools to build and store these models for animation.
The Digital Divide: A Technological Generation Gap
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source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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This article will show you:
- How to import Polar data into CoachMePlus.
You need this because:
- You want to learn how to import Polar data to a CoachMePlus user.
- You want to centralize all of your devices into a single platform.
- You want to save time and spend more time with your athletes by inputting all data into one system and generate reports instantaneously.
Importing Polar Data into CoachMePlus:
This article will demonstrate how to import your Polar data to the CoachMePlus system.
Here is a sample Polar spreadsheet:
The boxed area is where you will find the Unique Polar Identifier/Alias. The data contains the Athlete's Full Name and the dates of the information collected. To learn how to add an Polar user, click here.
Here is the required Polar date format for import into CoachMePlus:
Step One: On the homepage, click on Data Tools => Devices => Polar => Import on the menu on the lefthand side. For this example, we will import Polar Team 3 (Pro).
Step Two: You will be brought to a the Import Tool to start your import. Choose the file you would like to import by clicking on the Upload File button.
Step Three: Select the file you would like to import to the system. After you have selected the file, click Open.
Step Four: The file will appear on the page ready for you to save.
Step Five: You will then be brought to the Import Template page. Select Next.
Step Six: Confirm your athletes and select Import.
Step Seven: Your new session will now be imported into the system. A confirmation will appear for your import.


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Kine of Araw
The oxen that lived on the lands around the Sea of Rhûn were hardier and wilder than any others in Middle-earth. Legends claimed that they were descended from the cattle of the Huntsman of the Valar, Oromë himself, and so they were named the Kine of Araw (Araw being the Sindarin form of Oromë's name).
The Kine were famous as the quarry of Vorondil the Hunter, ancestor of the Ruling Stewards of Gondor. It was he who cut a horn from one of these beasts and fashioned a hunting-horn from it, which came to be carried by the eldest son of the Ruling Steward from Vorondil's time onward. The last heir to bear the horn was Boromir, who saw it broken in two in his battle with Orcs beneath Amon Hen.


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Name of Session:
Session A 12
The Environmental Health Specialists Network (EHS-Net): A Collaborative Forum for Investigating the Environmental Causes of Food and Waterborne Disease
Description of Session
The Environmental Health Specialists Network (EHS-Net) provides a collaborative forum similar to and compatible with FoodNet (NCZVED) to answer food and water-specific surveillance, epidemiologic, behavioral, and environmental health research questions and to identify emerging public health issues. EHS-Net originated from within FoodNet in 2000, with the original objective of systematically evaluating environmental factors (or "environmental antecedents") that contribute to the transmission of foodborne illnesses and outbreaks associated with restaurants. Since that time, EHS-Net has expanded to include a water component specifically aimed at improving detection, investigation, and reporting of waterborne disease outbreaks. By bringing together environmental health specialists, epidemiologists, and laboratorians at the local, state, and federal levels, EHS-Net provides the type of cross-disciplinary cooperation necessary to understand the complex issues related to the environmental causes of food and waterborne diseases.
This session will discuss in further detail the reasons why EHS-Net was developed as well as projects related to both food and waterborne disease that have been implemented in one or more of the nine EHS-Net partner states.
|Moderator: Carol Selman, _EMAIL_|
Presenter 1: Tim Jones
Title of Presentation: Environmental Causes of Foodborne Disease
Presenter 2: Sharon Roy, MD
Title of Presentation: The Missing Link in Waterborne Outbreak Investigations: Environmental Health Assessments
Presenter 3: David Nicholas, MPH
Title of Presentation: Implementing an Environmental Health Component into Food and Waterborne Disease Prevention Programs: The EHS-Net Experience in New York


Kyoto2.org
Tricks and tips for everyone
Other
How much does it cost to get a pinion bearing replaced?
How much does it cost to get a pinion bearing replaced?
Pinion Seal Replacement Cost – RepairPal Estimate. The average cost for pinion seal replacement is between $206 and $253. Labor costs are estimated between $180 and $228 while parts are priced at $26.
What happens when pinion bearing fails?
A whirring noise when a vehicle accelerates is the signature symptom of a pinion bearing that is bad or is about to go break. The whirring noise will come and go at various speeds. The more worn the pinion bearings are, the more pronounced the whirring sound becomes.
What does a worn pinion bearing sound like?
Clunking sound every few feet: Such a sound at fairly regular intervals could be a sign of a broke ring gear or pinion gear. Howl or whine while driving straight: That sort of sound may be an indication of a number of problems. A whine during deceleration may mean there is a bad or loose pinion bearing.
What does a pinion bearing do?
Front and Rear Pinion Bearings & Carrier Bearings Pinion bearings are designed to reduce friction in the direction of desirable movement, increasing efficiency. In drive differentials, pinion bearings help the smallest gears in the differential work smoothly.
Can a pinion bearing cause vibration?
The pinion gear rotates at driveshaft speed and can mimic a driveshaft speed-related vibration. Improper pinion bearing preload can cause what appears to be a pinion seal leak, but the seal is fine, the pinion gear is moving vertically, horizontally, or diagonally as is rotates.
How long will a bad pinion bearing last?
Now, if you are looking for a time frame, it can be ten days or ten years. The bearings with a low level of damage can run for ten years, whereas if the bearing has an extreme level of damage, it will not last for ten days.
Is it OK to drive with a bad pinion bearing?
It actually depends on how bad the bearing is. For a low level of damage, it will be 100 percent okay to drive the car, and you would be able to drive it in that condition for a long amount of time without worrying a bit. However, if the damage level is moderate, it will not be safe to drive the care for a long time.
Can you drive with bad differential bearings?
You can still drive your vehicle with a bad rear differential, but it can cause severe damage. The problem may increase to the point of stopping you in the middle of nowhere. And, if you are asking about driving with a total broken differential, no, don't do it unless you want to damage the entire drivetrain system.
How much does it cost to replace a pinion gear?
The Best in Auto Repair The average cost for rack and pinion replacement is between $347 and $437. Labor costs are estimated between $346 and $437 while parts are priced at $0. This range does not include taxes and fees, and does not factor in your specific vehicle or unique location.
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Redefining Success: The Importance of Character Development in Midwest Baseball
Welcome to Baseball Prospect Digest (BPD), your trusted source for unparalleled insights into the Midwest baseball scene. In this article, we highlight an often overlooked aspect of player development: character development. Join us as we delve into the importance of cultivating strong character traits in Midwest baseball players and how they contribute to their overall success both on and off the field.
The Foundations of Character Development
Baseball Prospect Digest (BPD) recognizes the significance of character development in molding well-rounded individuals. In this article, we explore the foundational character traits that play a crucial role in the overall development of Midwest baseball players.
We discuss the importance of integrity, work ethic, leadership, resilience, and sportsmanship. These traits not only shape players' behavior and actions during games but also lay the groundwork for success in their personal lives. By fostering these character traits, Midwest baseball programs can develop athletes who are equipped to excel in all aspects of their lives.
Building Strong Team Cultures
Baseball Prospect Digest (BPD) emphasizes the role of strong team cultures in character development. In this article, we delve into how Midwest baseball teams can create an environment that fosters character growth and cultivates a sense of unity, support, and camaraderie among players.
We discuss the significance of coaches as role models, setting expectations, and promoting a positive and inclusive atmosphere. A strong team culture not only enhances player performance but also nurtures character traits such as accountability, respect, and empathy. By building a positive team culture, Midwest baseball programs can create an environment that promotes character development and sets the stage for success both on and off the field.
Character and College Recruitment
Baseball Prospect Digest (BPD) explores the connection between character and college recruitment in Midwest baseball. In this article, we delve into how college recruiters increasingly value players with strong character traits, alongside exceptional athletic abilities.
We discuss how the character traits of Midwest baseball players, such as leadership, coachability, and perseverance, make them attractive to college programs. College recruiters understand the importance of recruiting athletes who not only possess the physical talents but also have the grit, work ethic, and values necessary to thrive at the collegiate level. By emphasizing character development, Midwest baseball players can enhance their college recruiting prospects and open doors to future opportunities.
Life Lessons Through Baseball
Baseball Prospect Digest (BPD) highlights the life lessons that can be learned through baseball. In this article, we delve into how Midwest baseball provides a platform for character development and teaches players valuable skills they can carry with them beyond the game.
We discuss how baseball teaches perseverance in the face of failure, teamwork, accountability, time management, and the ability to handle adversity with grace. The skills and values instilled through the game contribute to the personal and professional growth of Midwest baseball players, preparing them for success in any endeavor they pursue.
Baseball Prospect Digest: Shaping Well-rounded Athletes in Midwest Baseball
At Baseball Prospect Digest (BPD), we celebrate the importance of character development in Midwest baseball. Our mission is to provide unparalleled insights and resources that emphasize the holistic growth of players both on and off the field.
Stay tuned to BPD for more articles that focus on character development, share success stories from Midwest baseball programs that prioritize character, and offer guidance for coaches, parents, and players on fostering character traits. Let's continue to redefine success in Midwest baseball by nurturing character and developing well-rounded individuals.
Join us as we shape the future of Midwest baseball, and honor the dedicated individuals who contribute to the character development and success of players through their unwavering commitment to character growth!


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Difference between revisions of "Referencing AVI Files in MIRCdocuments"
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Revision as of 16:28, 26 January 2011
This article describes how to insert AVI, MPEG, or other video files into MIRCdocuments using the File Service and Author Service of the RSNA MIRC implementation. This article applies only to MIRC T36b or later. It has only been tested with Internet Explorer.
There are two steps in referencing an AVI file in a MIRCdocument:
- Store the file in your file cabinet.
- Reference the file in a paragraph.
To store the AVI file in your file cabinet:
- Log in on the query page.
- Select My Files in the My Stuff menu.
- In the left pane of the File Cabinet page, select a file folder in which to store the AVI file.
- In the File menu, select Upload file.
- The Add File window will then appear. Click the Browse button.
- A file chooser will then appear. Navigate to the video file, and click Open.
- The file chooser will disappear. Click Submit File on the Add File window.
- Note the full path to the file folder in which the video file is stored. This is shown at the right end of the menu bar.
To reference the AVI file in a MIRCdocument:
- Create a new MIRCdocument or edit an existing one in the Author Service.
- Select a section in which to insert the reference to the AVI file and click its tab.
- Insert a paragraph or click on the text box of an existing one.
- Enter text as shown in the box below, replacing path with the path to the folder, and movie.avi with the name of the video file in that folder.
- Click the Save button in the toolbar to save the document.
Here is a movie.
This will present a link to the AVI within the paragraph. When clicked, the user's AVI viewer will launch and display the AVI in a separate window.
For example, if the path to the folder is Personal/Files/Misc_Files and the video filename is video.mpeg, the text would be:
Here is a movie.
It is also possible to make the video play within the paragraph itself. To do so, use the following paragraph contents:
- Video files are supported only in paragraphs in normal section elements, not in image-section elements.
- In the example above, the AVI file is called movie.avi.
- You can also insert WMV files in the same way.
- The square brackets in the reference to the video file are required.
- After copying the file into the file cabinet when the document is saved, the Author Service removes the bracketed reference from the source and replaces it with the filename of the video file, possibly modified to replace spaces in the name with underscores.


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LEARNZ kaiārahi Jamie invites teachers to explore Matariki in the classroom.
In 2022, Matariki will become a national holiday in Aotearoa for the first time. This is an interesting and exciting time to engage ākonga in learning about place and time in Aotearoa through te ao Māori. Matariki offers a unique context for learning and teaching kaitiakitanga and whakawhanaungatanga through shared learning experiences. This is also an opportunity to explore ideas and engage whānau and community in project-based learning. Matariki covers all learning areas, curriculum strands, and levels. Have fun sharing cultural understandings based on the stories and science of stars.
Tātai Arorangi is the astronomical knowledge that traditionally informed many aspects of daily life. This knowledge provides educators with insights and understandings about the world and universe around us and the impact that changes in seasons can have on people.
Select the soundbite below to listen to Dr Rangi Matamua share some of his astronomical knowledge about the creation of the universe. You can see this knowledge reflected in a wharenui, like the inside of Te Rau Karamu marae (pictured below).
Image: Inside the wharenui–Te Rau Karamu Marae by LEARNZ.
Astronomy and beyond
Many stars and constellations have different names, spelling, or pronunciation based on local iwi interpretation. Planets and moon phases also have different names based on seasons and relative position to the horizon. Local understanding is an important part of the story-telling.
Image: Dr Rangi Matamua measuring the position of the Matariki star cluster ©Living by the Stars
Select the soundbite to listen to Dr Rangi Matamua describes the connection between stars and our environment.
Matariki disappears with the sun in the early evening of May (Haratua) during the Tangaroa phase of the moon, which marks the end of the Māori year.
The specific day that becomes a Matariki holiday is calculated using the maramataka (the Māori lunar stellar calendar). It will be the closest Friday to the first new moon after Matariki rises.
The time of celebration takes place during the last quarter of the waning moon before the dark moon (whiro) followed by the new moon in Pipiri (June/July). The time of celebration takes place between Tangaroa and Mutuwhenua which is the most productive period of the lunar phase.
Generations have looked up and observed celestial patterns and cycles and noticed corresponding activity on earth over seasons and lifetimes. Matariki learning has the potential to engage curious students with ancient, useful wisdom. Engaging students in star gazing can include iwi, community and whānau. This can include activities which launch local events, partnerships and local media stories.
Image: Matariki at dawn, ©Living by the Stars
Select the soundbite to listen to Dr Rangi Matamua explain how and why Māori lunar calendar systems are different all around Aotearoa.
Individual stars within the Matariki constellation can be observed, with a sharp eye or telescope.
When Tipuānuku is bright the gardens will produce good crops, and if it is dull and hazy the garden will not be as good as the previous year.
Pōhutukawa and Hiwa-i-te-rangi
Pōhutakawa and Hiwa-i-te-rangi are significant for non-environmental reasons. When Pōhutakawa is bright and clear, there will be fewer deaths within the community. When Hiwa-i-te-rangi is bright during Matariki, wishes are more likely to come true.
The appearance of each star can determine a combination of possibilities. The ability to compare star appearances takes a lifetime.
The study of Matariki can become a cross-curriculum programme of learning which covers social sciences, te reo, mātauranga Māori, English, maths, art, and science. It provides an opportunity for project-based learning and individual or group research projects.
Matariki is also a good time to consider seasonal energy peaks and troughs for optimising student learning. Winter is a time of low energy and a good time for reflection and discussion. Build unit and lesson plans to reflect seasonal energy which is consistent with environmental practises and lunar phases.
Recognising our susceptibility to seasonal and lunar energy fluxes is a good starting point in developing reflective ako – teaching and learning practises – in the classroom. You may need a calendar that includes lunar phases to track lunar cycles and corresponding emotional and physical energy. Low or high energy days can be understood as part of a mitigation strategy. Ākonga can reflect on their own peaks and troughs in the same way.
Select the soundbite to listen to Dr Rangi Matamua explain how Te Māramataka can impact us and student learning.
The following activities can be developed or incorporated into lesson plans and units. There are additional resources on Te Kete Ipurangi (TKI).
Observe and record
Plan an early morning expedition to view Matariki (using LEOTC guidelines). Include iwi, hapū and whānau partnership and discussions.
Create a seasonal diary, recording observations during the day and night. Encourage ākonga to notice changes in plants, animals, weather, people, including their own energy, mood, feelings, appetite, and activities. This could be a written, pictorial, or video blog.
Describe and measure seasonal changes in weather, plant growth, beach cast seaweed, animal activity, changes in backyard and community gardens.
Compare and contrast lunar and solar calendars. Identify the lunar phase each day and observe daily changes as a way of understanding lunar stellar cycles.
Plan, create and share a meal together
Create karakia, waiata, haka, song, story, play, poem, art of any kind about Matariki
Make a two or three-dimensional representation of Matariki using natural materials like flax, seaweed, seeds, and branches.
Mātauranga Māori stories and science including creation legends and how the stories of Matariki relate; Te Kore, Te Pō, and Te Ao Mārama.
Local stories and stories about Matariki from other cultures including origin stories and whakapapa from the cultures of your ākonga
Different ways of measuring time, including lunar stellar calendars
Birthdays on other planets e.g Earth years compared to Mars years – age 10 on Earth = age 18 on Mars
Other constellations – stories and science
Māori creation pūrākau to understand the science in the metaphors.
Join Professor Rangi Matamua as he shares with us extensive knowledge around Māori astronomy and how we can all Live by The Stars.
Matariki Te Whetū o te Tau | Dr Rangi Matamua and Living by the Stars & CORE Education
Learn about Matariki with Dr Rangi Matamua from Living by the Stars. This online seminar was broadcast on 29 June 2021 by CORE Education
Living by the stars - Facebook page includes video updates
Waiata and lyrics
Instructional Series: search Matariki
English medium literacy instructional series showcasing Matariki resources and activities.
New Zealand History, Matariki
Matariki information and teaching activities.
NZ curriculum online - Matariki
General information about Matariki.
Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand
A story about Matariki.
Te Papa Tongarewa, Matariki: Te Tau Hou Māori
A collection of resources about the Māori New Year and the maramataka.


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- A PS3
- USB Keyboard
- USB Mouse
- Ethernet Cable
- A Windows Xp Install CD
- Computer with Internet (semi-fast because you need to download a 700mb iSO file)
- CD or DVD Burner
- CD or DVD
Is a different distro already installed? If so then skip Step 2 of preparing your PS3 Part 1.
Prepare your PS3 Part 1:
1. Plug your PS3 into your tv, plug in the power cable, plug in your keyboard, mouse, and plug in your ethernet cable
2. Turn on your PS3 Scroll Left, Go to Settings > System Settings > Format Utility > Format HDD (This deletes all savedata on your PS3 backup your data before hand with the backup utility if you don't want to lose your saves).
Now select Either Option it doesn't matter I recommend only giving 10gb to Linux and keeping the rest for the PS3's side.
Obtain your Linux Disk:
1. Download your favorite version of Ubuntu I recommend Xubuntu 7.04 Feisty.
2 Burn the iSO to a disc: either a CD or DVD, using a program such as IMGBurn, Nero, Clone CD, etc.
Preparing your PS3 Part 2:
1. Put in your Newly burned Linux CD/DVD in the PS3
2. Scroll Left go to Settings > System Settings > Install Other OS, it will search and install otheros.bld off the disk
3. Scroll Left go to Settings > System Settings > Default System, Select Other OS, select otheros, and press x to reboot
Important Note: Your console now won't boot to that XMB you're aware of, it will load kboot instead, if you want to load the XMB again just hold down the power button when you turn it on and it will change the default system to the XMB.
1. Press enter at kboot
2. Wait for it to load the live distribution of Xubuntu (About 5 minutes)
3. Click the install shortcut on the Desktop
4. Follow all the prompts, when the window exceeds your tv screen, hold alt and left click to slide the window around.
5. Remember your username and password, it's real simple just follow all the prompts, it should take about 30-40 mins.
Here's the install prompts:
1. Select English, click forward.
2. Select the city with the time zone you want, click forward.
3. Select your Language (English), and Keyboard (US English).
4. I recommend to Select Guided Use Entire Disk, click forward.
5. It'll complain, hit continue (don't worry it'll work).
6. Hit forward, you shouldn't have any accounts to import.
7. Enter your Name, Login Name, Password, and what Network Name you want your PS3 to be.
Note: DO NOT FORGET YOUR LOGIN OR PASSWORD, or you will have to reinstall Linux, click forward.
8. Click forward to accept all your settings you provided, it will now start self installing.
9. Go find something to do for at least 30 minutes.. I think mine took 45 minutes to do this step.
10. When finished it will pop up a window, just click restart now.
When it reboots take out the cd, press enter at kboot, wait, then login at the login screen with your username and password. (If it didn't reboot right and it just displays a flashing underscore, just take the CD out, and flip the power switch in the back off then on, and it should load kboot).
Freeing Up Some RAM:
1. Click Application> System> Services, type your password in.
2. Uncheck everything but Cpu Frequency Manager, Graphical Login Manager, Hotkeys Management, and System Communications Bus.
3. Consider Installing Fluxbox (Only if you feel OK with the risk of having to reinstall linux).
Changing Screen Size:
This step is not needed if you have just a regular non hdtv as there won't be other screen options available.
1. Discover what type of TV you have, is it a lcd, a plasma, crt, old tube, and become aware of different screen sizes available. Mine is a 32" LCD Flat Screen, supporting at highest 720p.
2. Open Terminal (Applications > System > Accessories > Terminal).
3. Type sudo apt-get install ps3pf-utils which will install the ps3videomode command.
4. Now type ps3videomode -v which will provide all options for the command.
5. Now you want to discover which video modes work, just start guessing. Personally I use ps3videomode -v 3, if you try an option and it garbles your text press the up arrow delete the number and type 1 and press enter. This should bring it back to the way it was if not press enter, and type ps3videomode -v 1.
6. Keep trying your options, if an option garbles your text it probably works but you just need to change it in the kboot.conf file before linux boots. If it displays just a black screen it's probably a bad mode, try another.
7. Now to assign our video mode at startup do the following.
8. type sudo su, you should now be root be careful in this mode as you can screw some stuff up and have to reinstall.
9. type nano /etc/kboot.conf which opens the kboot in a text editor. Add ps3fb:mode:xx at the end of each quote, it should look like the following... Remember to change the xx to whatever video mode you decided upon:
11. Now Press Control-X, y, save as kboot.conf by pressing enter
12. Now type sudo reboot
1. Open Terminal (System> Accessories)
2. type sudo apt-get install qemu and press y
Installing Windows XP:
1. Create a folder on your desktop labeled Windows or whatever
2. Open the folder, right click in the blank space, and click open terminal here
Create HDD Image for Qemu:
1. In terminal type qemu-img create xp.img 2G which creates a 2gb hdd for use in qemu.
Create Windows Xp Install Disk with Nlite:
1. Google around for a good guide for making a decent Nlite iSO with minimal system requirements. My disk is down to about 95mb in size, but it can go much further lower in size, this is just with some of the minor crap removed.
Moving your finished Nlite iSO to your PS3:
1. When finished copy the iSO to your PS3 either by usb stick, ipod, burning the iso file to a disk (not the iSO), or whatever means you have.
2. When done put it in the Windows folder you made on the desktop, this should be the same folder as xp.img
3. Rename it to something simple such as xpinstallcd.iso
1. Open the Windows Folder, right click, click open terminal here
2. type qemu -cdrom xpinstallcd.iso -hda xp.img -m 64M -boot d
Note the 64 is the amount of ram you would like to reserve for Qemu, remember you're running Linux already and more isn't always better.
3. A new window should open running a virtual machine (emulation) of a X86 Processor which can Run XP.
4. After XP is installed all you need to do to run XP is to type qemu -hda xp.img -m 64M
Transfering Files to XP:
1. Make an iSO of the files with a tool such as PoweriSO, MagiciSO, etc
2. Copy the file to your ps3 put it in your Windows folder on your desktop, and mount it as a CD-ROM. Here's what the command may look like: qemu -cdrom files.iso -hda xp.img -m 64M


text:
The steps below will guide you through making an electronic installment payment in CM/ECF.
- Log into CM/ECF and select Bankruptcy > Miscellaneous/Other.
- Enter the case number.
Verify the case number and debtors' name(s). From the list of available events click on the appropriate title to select it:
- Installment Payment to be paid by attorney (Chapter 11)
- Installment Payment to be paid by attorney (Chapter 13)
- Installment Payment to be paid by attorney (Chapter 7)
Select the Party screen:
- Select the debtor(s).
Fee: $ screen:
- Enter the amount of the fee you are paying with this installment.
- Refer to the "Order Granting Application To Pay Filing Fees In Installments".
Docket Text: Final Text screen:
- Verify the text is correct prior to clicking the next button.
A dialog box "Summary of current charges" appears.
- Click the Pay Now button to proceed with the Electronic Payment.
- Click the Continue Filing button to make the payment after other documents have been filed.


text:
A group practice is a group of doctors, dentists, nurse practitioners (NPs), physician assistants (PAs), and possibly other healthcare providers who practice together. Group practice providers share their individual knowledge, skills and resources to provide specialized and coordinated care to patients.
A group practice may be a small group of providers that share a physical space, often located in a clinic, hospital department, or medical or dental office. Group practices may also be large and include hundreds of providers as part of an organized system of care, such as a large health plan or hospital system.
Patients benefit by the medical knowledge of all specialists in a group practice. Group practices may specialize in an area of care (e.g., cardiac care) and include various specialists (e.g., cardiologist and cardiac surgeon). Together, these specialists provide comprehensive and efficient care to patients with simple to complex conditions. For example, a critically ill patient with advanced kidney disease can benefit from the expertise of a provider practice that includes specialists in nephrology and critical care medicine.
Many group practices design care strategies to anticipate patient needs, prevent complications, maintain optimal health and function, and improve quality of care. To help in this goal, group practices frequently include other specialized healthcare professionals. This can include a counselor, dental hygienist, diabetes educator, dietician-nutritionist, and specialized registered nurses (RNs). For example, an orthopedic or sports medicine practice may include physical therapists and athletic trainers as part of the practice.
Teamwork across specialties in a group practice is coordinated through the use of electronic health records; dedicated care managers (or care coordinators); evidence-based, recommended care guidelines; and systematic monitoring of quality and efficiency.


text:
APPLICATIONS OF TECHNOLOGY:
- In-the-field cryogenic microscopy sample preparation
- Microbial ecology
- Cryo-TEM laboratories
- Extremophile sampling
- Works in remote locations and extreme environments
- Simple operation
- Affordable alternative for labs lacking cryo-plunging equipment
A Berkeley Lab team led by Luis R. Comolli has developed the Portable Cryo-Plunger, a lightweight, portable flash-freezing apparatus that can safely preserve biological samples in the field for subsequent analysis using cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), an approach to study near-intact bacteria, viruses, and protein structures if they are flash frozen in vitreous (non-crystalline) ice. The Portable Cryo-Plunger has successfully prepared cryo-TEM samples in real time, enabling the study of microbial communities that have never been cultured in a laboratory setting.
As demonstrated in one configuration of the device, weighing 4 kg and standing 71-cm tall, the Portable Cryo-Plunger can be transported on foot to a sampling site (see image below). Mounted on a tripod, it can be set up in difficult terrain, such as the interior of a mine or the shores of a salt lake. The Portable Cryo-Plunger is designed to fit in its base, a medium density foam cylinder Dewar containing a liquid nitrogen bath, surrounding a liquid ethane or propane cup where the flash freezing (~-188 °C) takes place. A droplet of sample is applied to a standard cryo-TEM grid, and the grid is placed at the plunger tip. At the top of the plunger is a spring-loaded handle that is used to drive the sample tip quickly into the flash-freezing cup.
The use of Cryo-TEM has been limited because most specimens must be flash frozen in a lab, and by the time they reach the lab from remote field locations, they can be seriously degraded. Freezing eliminates damage caused by traditional fixation and dehydration of specimens, affording more realistic and detailed views of bacteria, including images of delicate extracellular structures whose surfaces are exposed to the environment.
Since the Cryo-Plunger costs less than a tenth of the price of commercially available cryo-TEM flash freezing devices, it can be used in laboratories that do not have the resources to acquire automated equipment. The device also can foster collaborations between cryo-TEM labs and field researchers who previously lacked access to cryo-TEM microscopy.
The Cryo-Plunger is designed for ease of operation in the field. This version, set up on a tripod, weighs only 4 kg.
DEVELOPMENT STATUS: Fully functional field-tested prototype.
STATUS: Patent pending. Available for licensing or collaborative research.
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
Comolli, L.R., Duarte, R., Baum, D., Luef, B., Downing, K.H., Larson, D.M., Csencsits, R., Banfield, J.F. "A portable cryo-plunger for on-site intact cryogenic microscopy sample preparation in natural environment," Microscopy Research and Technique, December 30, 2011.
REFERENCE NUMBER: IB-3145


text:
This test is the same as Class II except that compressibility factors are applied along with changes in "k" value from suction to discharge.
In Class II and III tests, the test speed and test pressures and temperatures are often greatly different than the specified values. The ASME code includes tables showing the allowable deviations for volume reduction, Q/N, machine Mach number, and machine Reynolds number for Class II and III tests. Similarly, permissible departure from specified conditions for Class I tests are listed including pressure, temperatures, specific gravity of the gas, speed, and capacity. See Figure 600-1.
Class II tests are seldom used for compressors in the petroleum industry. Class III tests are the most common. Test gases for Class III tests include carbon dioxide, nitrogen, Refrigerant 12 or 22, and mixtures of helium and nitrogen. Generally, it is preferred to run the test with a pure unmixed gas. With a mixture of helium and nitrogen, it is sometimes difficult to maintain a constant gas composition for the duration of the test. If makeup is required in the loop during the test, it is not easy to add the correct proportions of the two gases. In such cases, it may be advisable to require the compressor vendor buy an adequate quantity of certified pre-mixed gas from a specialty gas manufacturer.
Some Class III tests are run with a sub-atmospheric suction to reduce power requirements during the test. This procedure invites air leakage into the loop which will upset the gas composition. Therefore, flange tightness should be carefully checked prior to test startup.
Figure 600-1 shows some typical test gases used for various specified gases in Class III closed-loop tests. In general, the heavier test gases are used for heavy specified gases. Helium/nitrogen mixtures are used for hydrogen-rich gases such as ammonia synthesis and refinery recycle gases.
Note that the equivalent speed, capacity-speed ratio, and volume ratio, at which a Class III test is run, are generally compromises between the various departures allowed by the PTC-10 code (see Figure 600-2). CMP-MS-1876 requires that the test speed has a safe margin from the rotor's critical speed.
The subject of Reynold's Number corrections of the results usually comes up when the performance test agenda is being developed by the vendor and purchaser. The corrections suggested by ASME PTC-10 have been proven to be very misleading, and are inclined to favor the vendor. Depending on conditions, the ASME corrections could allow a specious improvement in efficiency of 6% or more. Most purchasers have disallowed any correction, and some vendors voluntarily decline to make corrections. In some special cases, 50% of the corrections would be allowed.
The effects of flow in different regimes of Reynolds Number is well known, and some correction should logically be applied. The problem is in developing suitable correlations of the complex flow path in the compressor.
In the early 1980's, a group of eight major compressor manufacturers in the United States and Europe got together under the auspices of the International Compressor and Allied Machinery Committee (ICAAMC) to develop a new correction method. Test data were pooled, and good correlations between measurements and predictions were established. The ICAAMC method includes the friction factor concept that is used in the analysis of flow in piping. The method has been proposed to ASME for possible adoption in the next revision of the PTC-10 Code. It has already been used successfully on several compressors. The ICAAMC method should be considered for cases where the ratio of Reynolds Numbers for test and specified conditions are in the range of 0.01 to 100.
Modified closed-loop Class I tests have been run on high-pressure machines with discharge pressures ranging from about 3000 to over 9000 psi. Such machines are used for injection of natural gas into an oil field formation. For these tests, the test gas is formulated by blending several hydrocarbon gases and other gases to closely approximate the composition of the actual gas. The test is run at full pressure and full load. Sometimes the main objective of such a test is to determine mechanical behavior at high-pressure levels, and aerodynamic performance may be of secondary importance. A Class III test is usually run in addition to the modified Class I test. The full pressure test along with the Class III test will provide good data for predicting gas properties.
Performance tests are ordinarily specified for all machines in critical service where the process flow and pressure is crucial, or where the service is troublesome and unpredictable such as gas injection. If some components of the machine are unavoidably unproven, the machine should have a performance test. The performance test will often shake out mechanical problems.
The performance test is generally good insurance for machines in tough duty, since it is far less expensive and time consuming to modify a machine at the factory than at the jobsite.
When it is decided that a performance test is required, merely specifying an ASME test is seldom sufficient to obtain the desired results. The objective of the tests should be stated in order that the vendor and purchaser can work out an appropriate test procedure. In this regard, consultation with a mechanical specialist is strongly


text:
Cicode commands extend the control element of a CitectSCADA control and monitoring system. You use commands to control your CitectSCADA system and therefore the processes in your plant.
Each command has a mechanism to activate it. Commands can be issued manually, through an operator typing a key sequence, or by clicking on a button (or object) on a graphics page. You can also configure commands to execute automatically:
To define a Cicode command, you enter a statement (or group of statements) in the command field (Input category) for an object.
Each statement in a command usually performs a single task, such as setting a variable to a value, calculating a value, displaying a message on the screen, or running a report. For information on using variables, see the section titled Using Variables.
If you want to evaluate a condition, like checking the state of your plant rather than perform an action or command upon your plant, use an expression instead. See the section titled Using Cicode Expressions.
Using Cicode Programming Standards


text:
Almond butter is a great alternative to peanut butter, but it does often come at a higher price.
If you have a dangerous allergy to peanuts, you may have an interest in buying almond butter.
The average price of almond butter is between $5 and $30 depending on the size and store from which you buy it.
With the average price of peanut butter being around $3, you may wonder why almond butter is more expensive.
Here are 10 reasons almond butter is so expensive.
Why Is Almond Butter So Expensive? (Top 10 Reasons)
1. Almond Growers Are Experiencing A Drought
One of the reasons that almond butter is expensive is because of the drought that's affecting California.
California is the country's top producer of almonds.
In fact, it produces 80% of the world's almonds.
The climate is ideal for almond trees.
However, California is also a state experiencing severe problems with the weather.
In particular, the state is experiencing a drought.
A drought occurs when there's little rainfall.
Besides nourishing the surface of the earth, rain also helps replenish wells and groundwater.
When it doesn't rain for a long time, then everyone relies on groundwater for their water needs.
Unfortunately, this isn't a source that replenishes on its own.
Water must come from somewhere.
It follows the water cycle and weather patterns.
The problem is it hasn't rained consistently for some time.
The amount of rain California and other states have received isn't enough to replenish groundwater sources.
As a result, most crops are withering.
Without water, they die.
Even those that do manage to survive on minimal water don't produce as many or as healthy almonds.
This makes producing things like almond butter and almond milk more difficult.
To give their almond trees the best chance of survival, farmers have to bring in water from outside sources.
While California sits beside the ocean, saltwater isn't what they're after.
Some researchers have managed to turn saltwater into freshwater, but since that's only an early technology, it's still quite expensive.
Instead, the farmers rely on buying and transporting freshwater from other sellers.
This is costly since almond trees require a lot of water to survive and bloom.
To make up for their costs, growers have to sell their almonds at higher prices.
Manufacturers then take on extra costs by buying those almonds at higher prices.
In turn, they sell their almond butter at a higher price which the consumer buys.
Almond butter is expensive because of the drought plaguing California.
2. California Wildfires
Besides earthquakes, one of the natural occurrences that California has a reputation for is wildfires.
Whether they're manmade or occur naturally, wildfires are a serious danger to almond orchards.
It's not necessarily because wildfires consume almond trees either.
While some farmers have lost trees to the fires, the problem really comes from the smoke.
Fires eventually die out, but the smoke remains for a long time.
It hovers in the air until the wind eventually pushes it elsewhere.
Smoke can also spread several miles away from the source of the fire.
Even if an almond orchard isn't close to the wildfire, there's a chance that the smoke can still reach it.
Smoke is the real problem for almond orchards because it impacts the tree's ability to photosynthesize.
It acts like a cover screen which impacts the sun's ability to pierce through it and give plants the UV rays that they need for energy.
Almonds also rely on the sun to dry them out.
While they're on the tree and when they fall onto the ground, almonds usually dry under the sun.
Workers then gather the almonds once they've reached peak humidity levels.
When almonds can't rely on the sun to dry them, then they never reach those ideal levels.
This means that the almond never fully reaches its true potential.
That can impact the quality of the final product.
Farmers have tried to implement their own strategies and tools to help almonds dry before sending them off, but there's only so much that they can do.
It's usually down to the manufacturers who have to use expensive drying technologies to get the almonds at the right humidity.
This adds cost to the product's manufacture which means its price is higher.
Almond butter is expensive because of the smoke caused by California wildfires.
3. Limited Climate Options For Growth
While growing almond trees isn't too difficult, you do need to have the right climate for them.
Almonds grow best in climates with hot weather and low humidity.
Even the lightest of frosts can keep the tree from blossoming and creating almonds.
Because of that, there are only a few ideal places where growing almonds is ideal.
California is one of them.
So are the Middle Eastern and North African regions of the world.
Both these areas have high enough temperatures with low humidity.
It's difficult to grow almonds in tropical climates, for example, because those places also often have high humidity.
This makes it difficult for the almonds to dry out.
Since there are only a few regions in the world that can grow almonds well, it means that there's already a limited supply that farmers can produce.
If almond trees could grow anywhere, then there'd be more farms and more almonds.
Due to their restrictive requirements, there can only ever be a few farmers of almond orchards.
With only a few farms, it means there are only a few almonds that go to several manufacturers.
Some make almond milk and other products of it.
Some make almond butter.
Since the demand for almonds is high, but the supply isn't, it makes the prices of almonds increase.
As a result, consumers end up paying more for almond-related products like almond butter.
Almond butter is expensive because of the lack of areas in the world that can grow almond trees well.
4. Pest Removal Costs
Almond trees are subject to pests.
Like all plants, pests feed on the plants and either destroy them or leave them diminished.
Farmers have to take expensive measures to ensure that their almond trees remain pest-free while still being safe for human consumption.
Those who sell organic almonds have to do so in a more expensive way since they have to use natural means to repel pests.
Almond trees have lots of threats to them.
Some of the most common include:
- Spider mites
- Fire ants
- Tent caterpillars
- Stink bugs
Fire ants, in particular, tend to do a lot of damage to almond trees.
They'll crawl up the tree and start to drill into the almond.
Then the ants will take the almond apart and bring it back to their colony.
They'll also take back the leaves and buds of the almond tree.
If they eat the buds, then no almonds will grow.
Tent caterpillars are another common threat to almond trees.
Although they don't eat the almonds themselves, they do eat the leaves of the tree.
This becomes a problem because it increases the chances of the tree becoming ill.
If the tree becomes ill, then there's a chance that it won't sprout almonds.
It may even die.
To avoid this, farmers use expensive means to rid their orchards of pests.
Since it adds to the cost of producing almonds, farmers then write off those expenses by selling them at higher prices.
If the pests were especially destructive that year, then farmers might have a slightly higher price than normal on their almonds.
Manufacturers then sell their almond products at higher prices to offset their own costs.
Consumers end up having to pay the highest price.
Almond butter is expensive because of the cost associated with pest control for almond trees.
5. High Property Costs And Taxes
Due to the limited land which can grow almonds, the land that is suitable for growing almond trees is very expensive.
This is very different from peanut butter, for example, which can grow almost anywhere.
The land to grow peanuts is cheap.
Since there are only a few rare areas where almond trees grow well, that land then becomes very valuable.
This impacts the price of almond butter because farmers have to pay more to use that land.
In most cases, farmers have to take out a loan to buy the land.
New farmers, especially, rarely have cash on hand that allows them to purchase the land outright.
As a result, they have to pay back their loans like a mortgage.
That cuts into their profits, especially if they needed to take out a large loan to cover the cost of the land.
Besides paying back the loan, they're also hit with property taxes.
Since the land has a high value on it, their property taxes are also going to be quite high.
While farmers might eventually pay off their mortgage and loan, they'll always have to pay property taxes.
That takes a cut of their profits.
If the property continues to increase in value, then the amount that they owe also increases.
This impacts almond butter prices because the farmers have to sell at a high enough price to afford to pay for the land.
Manufacturers then need to sell at a high price because they bought the almonds at a high price.
The consumer buys the final product, almond butter, at an expensive price.
Almond butter is expensive because the land costs farmers a lot of money to use.
6. Almond Trees Take Three Years to Produce
While growing almond trees in the right climate isn't too difficult, it does take a long time for the tree to actually produce the nuts.
A new tree takes three years before it starts to yield almonds worth selling.
That means that farmers are basically in the hole for three years.
That's on top of land costs, water costs, pest control costs, and other expenses


the target web servers and the target database server. The final topic in this tutorial, Configuring Permissions for Team Build Deployment, describes how to identify and configure the permissions required for automated deployment from a Team Build server.
Further Reading
For more information on creating build definitions, see Create a Basic Build Definition and Define Your Build Process. For more guidance on queuing builds, see Queue a Build.
Author Information
Jason Lee
Jason Lee – Jason Lee is a principal technologist with Content Master where he has been working with Microsoft products and technologies, especially SharePoint and ASP.NET, for several years. Jason holds a PhD in computing and is currently MCPD and MCTS certified.


text:
NFL and other sports leagues tackle climate challenges
Sports leagues are stepping up to the plate as advocates for sustainability efforts, including reducing carbon emissions and solid waste at their facilities. As noted by the National Journal (more at link):
Representatives from five of America's major sports leagues hit the Hill on Thursday to discuss the work they're doing to reduce their greenhouse-gas emissions. The National Football League is measuring the greenhouse-gas effects of the Super Bowl this year, and last year it conducted solid-waste management and recycling at all major Super Bowl facilities. Major League Baseball stadiums have adopted solar panels. And the National Basketball Association has come out in support of Environmental Protection Agency standards to reduce carbon pollution from electric power plants.
Trackback from your site.


text:
Observation and Theory of Exchange Interaction of Biradicals Across Hydrogen Bonds
Per Hedegård, Ivano E. Castelli, Jan Rossmeisl, and Yongfeng Wang
Manuscript in preparation
We combine experiments, Valence Bond Theory and Density Functional Theory to investigate the exchange coupling in the retinoic acid molecule. This molecule shows a Kondo resonance on Au(111) and a new mechanism for the activation of the molecule has been proposed.
Activation and Deactivation Process
The script plots the energy as a function of the position of the hydrogen atom during the activation and deactivation process.
The script plots the spin configuration of two biradicals.Download script


text:
To be "stuck in ___" means that something is in a place and isn't coming out very easily. A person can be "stuck in" a room:
The door wouldn't open, and I was stuck in the bathroom for 20 minutes.
In this example:
Hey, um, you've got something stuck in your teeth.
...the speaker says "stuck in your teeth". Obviously, the food isn't inside of the actual teeth. Instead, this sentence means that the food is in between some of her teeth and isn't coming out.
Some other common places where things get stuck include:
I was stuck in traffic for over an hour.
There's something stuck in my throat.
Our car got stuck in the mud.


text:
On a beautiful, cloudy day atop Grandfather Mountain in 1974, an excited and anxious John Harris surveyed the launch, conditions and landing for the very first hang glider launch off of the site.
Since his courageous feat, countless people have flown off of Grandfather Mountain, and his efforts to continue to promote and encourage others to partake in Hang Gliding have not gone unnoticed.
Free flight has been an ongoing passion in Harris' life, including his business and his infectious way of inspiring others to soar and reach new heights.
Since his first time seeing the image of a hang glider in a newspaper, to the purchase of a hang glider and offering lessons on the dunes at Jockey's Ridge State Park in 1974, Harris has been nothing short of a pioneer in sharing free fight and the history behind Francis Rogallo and Gertrude Rogallo in their mission and success of creating the flexible wing.
Their somewhat simple invention opened many doors for progress within flight, including kiting, parachutes, hang gliders and so much more. Backed by his knowledge and experience at NASA and Harris' endless pursuit of free flight, the group were destined to meet, become friends and share their passion to the masses.
Rogallo and Harris shared many experiences on the dunes of Jockey's Ridge together and flights and reunions at Grandfather Mountain.
Hugh Morton, the former caretaker of Grandfather Mountain and the person who Harris sought permission from in order to fly off the mountain, continued to fuel the hang gliding passion with his legendary videos, endless support of the hang gliding community and ever-constant friendship.
Eventually, a launch site was created for Grandfather Mountain where experienced hang gliding pilots followed the footsteps of John Harris for some of the most spectacular views while riding exciting thermals around the mountain.
Although hang gliding off of Grandfather Mountain is no longer offered, on July 21, about 40 hang gliding pilots, their families and free flight supporters joined together to honor the courageous and continuous efforts of John Harris from that first flight off of Grandfather.
A boulder dedication, combined with story telling, Hugh Morton hang gliding videos, as well as a luncheon and dinner took place in honor of John Harris and hang gliding. The launch site where Harris took those first steps off of the mountain to launch is now dedicated as "The Flight of Dreams."
When asked about this accomplishment, Harris said, "It was truly one of the most memorable experiences of my life. The excitement, thrill and feeling of success upon landing was indescribable. Free flight is truly something for everyone to experience."
To learn more about hang gliding and free flight, and to book hang gliding lessons, visit kittyhawk.com.


text:
Trumpworld Lost on Space?
It broke free from its moorings after colliding with reality
The unidentified flying object moving away from Earth has been identified as Trumpworld. Since it became untethered from reality several years ago, Trumpworld has been streaking away from the planet and will soon reach escape velocity.
Astronomers estimate that if it maintains its current trajectory Trumpworld will reach Mars around 2030, where it will either go into orbit around the Red Planet and eventually crash and burn or veer off into space. If it follows the latter course, the James Webb Space Telescope will track Trumpworld's progress in deep space.
Meanwhile, you can still see Trumpworld's flight from sanity on social media. It is positioned just to the right of the Pink Elephant galaxy. Look for the brain-dead object surrounded by hot air and toxic gases.


Webhooks
This article explains how to configure and use Syskit Point's webhooks.
Webhooks are push notifications sent by Syskit Point in the form of HTTP requests to a registered webhook endpoint when an event occurs.
To successfully enable webhooks in Syskit Point, you need to perform the following steps:
 - Register endpoint to which Syskit Point will send notifications.
 - Obtain the signature key and secure your endpoint.
 - It is recommended for your webhook handler to verify that the webhook requests are generated by Syskit Point.
Note that you must set up an HTTP endpoint function that can accept webhook requests with a POST method.
Registering a Webhook Endpoint with Syskit Point API
Please note! The application used to access the webhooks endpoint needs to have the Point.Admin app role.
To register a webhook endpoint via the Syskit Point API, you need to use the following POST request:
POST {{baseURL}}/v1.0/webhooks/endpoints
Headers
NameValue
Content-Type
application/json
Authorization
Bearer <token>
Body
NameTypeDescription
endpoint
string
Webhook endpoint URL
types
array
Types of notifications
{
 "endpoint": "_URL_
 "types": [
 "*"
 ]
}
You can subscribe to all event types using the * symbol, as shown in the example.
Types
Syskit Point can send the following types of events:
TypeDescription
ProvisioningStarted
Triggered when the Provisioning process starts
ProvisioningCompleted
Triggered when the Provisioning process completes.
ProvisioningFailed
Triggered when the Provisioning process fails.
Below, you can find examples for all types:
{
 "ProvisioningStarted":
 {
 name = "name",
 type = "teams",
 requestedOn = "datetime",
 requesterId = "guid"
 }
}
Response
Successful registration of the webhook endpoint results in response status 200.
{
 Null
}
Webhook Events
Syskit Point sends a POST request to the registered webhook endpoint URL. The event object has the following body structure:
{
 "type": "type",
 "content": {serializedContent},
 "meta": {
 "timeStamp": "timestamp",
 "idempotencyKey": "key"
 }
}
Each webhook event also sends two headers:
 - Signature: Contains the message signature created using the hashing algorithm provided in the Algorithm header using a signature key.
 - Algorithm: The hashing algorithm used to create the message signature.
Signature Validation
To verify the notification was sent by Syskit Point:
 - Get the signature key via Syskit Point API
 - Create a signature using the key to compare with the signature in the received event object
To get the signature key, send the following GET request.
GET {{baseURL}}/v1.0/options
Response
Successful request results in response status 200 and provides the Signature Authentication Key.
{
 "webhooksSignatureAuthenticationKey": "158b08cc-6a06-49f2-a724-2bc514fdcf1e"
}
Create Signature
Below is the code example you can use to create the signature, which can then be compared with the one received in the event object to verify it was sent from Syskit Point.
private static string generateSignature(string content, string authKey)
{
 var keyBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(authKey);
 var payloadBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(content);
 using var hmac = new HMACSHA256(keyBytes);
 var hashBytes = hmac.ComputeHash(payloadBytes);
 return Convert.ToBase64String(hashBytes);
}
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Should you turn off your router at night?
Should you turn off your router at night?
Most broadband internet users often leave their internet-connected even when they're not factitively using it, like at night or when they're away from home. Is this a good or a bad thing? Should you turn off WiFi at night? The answer to that depends on your specific situation and how you use your internet.
There are several studies and observations that cite the disadvantages and health risks of leaving your router running overnight. But by turning it off, you forego several advantages, and might even limit the usefulness of your router to your home.
Should I leave my wifi router on all the time? Perhaps let's start by looking at the possible reasons why many people leave their router running overnight, and if those pros outweigh the benefits of turning it off.
Why Most People Don't Power Down their Routers at night
 - Communication reliability –After power cycling, network connections may fail to re-establish. That is especially common with broadband modems. Broadband modems generally should be powered on first, then other devices later. The waiting routine can be rather a nuisance to some people.
 - Hardware reliability –power-cycling a computer or another device on your network can shorten its working life, so they prefer leaving them running all through.
 - Convenience –shutting down most modems and routers using the manufacturer's recommended procedure often takes take time, and this can quickly turn into an inconvenience if you have to do it daily.
 - Remote access –if other programs need to access your network remotely, shutting it down means that your system cannot be accessed.
 - Smart home devices and security –if you have a smart home, you probably need to keep your router running at all times. Turning the router off at night means shutting down the connectivity to most of the smart home devices (like security cameras and alarm systems), which can potentially compromise your security.
There're probably other reasons why you keep your router running overnight. However, experts and health-conscious advocates point out far deeper downsides and risks of keeping your router running at all times.
Should I leave my wifi router on all the time?
Reasons To Turn Off WiFi At Night
Save Electricity
The energy bill is one of those bills that just keep growing year after year as more devices get added to the grid. Turning on your router and other electronic devices while you're not using them is draining a significant amount of electricity. That also means you're paying extra bucks at the end of the month towards electricity. Turning off the router at night is a right call if you're determined to keep your monthly bills to the minimum.
Reduce Electromagnetic Radiation
Wi-Fi is one of the largest sources of EMF radiation in most homes. The Wi-Fi in your home keeps devices connected using Radio Frequency EMF. While this radio frequency is incredibly useful at keeping your devices connected, it also poses health risks in large doses.
While you cannot completely prevent exposure to Radio Frequency waves, you can keep it to the minimum. And one of the absolute best ways to dramatically reduce your exposure is to turn off wifi at night.
For many homes, turning off your router or disabling the Wi-Fi doesn't really affect much because you're sleeping. You will still be connected to the outside world via your phone.
How Dangerous Is "Wi-Fi Radiation"?
By "Wi-Fi Radiation", I mean the radiofrequency radiation, which is a type of Electromagnetic Frequency radiation (EMF) your Wi-Fi uses. You can easily measure the radiofrequency radiation using an EMF meter. Radiofrequency radiation is the same type that your cell phones use to communicate with nearby cell towers.
It's also the same type of EMF radiation that causes a lot of damage to our bodies and brains from the use of routers, cellphones, and other wireless devices. I don't want to delve too deep into this, but here is a quick summary of how the "Wi-Fi Radiation" affects our health and lifestyle;
WiFi signal danger
Wi-Fi Radiation Affects Our Sleep
Wi-Fi Radiation is the biggest reason most experts cite when advising homeowners to switch off the Wi-Fi at night. One extensive study carried out at the University Of Melbourne in 2013 revealed that EMF radiation affects the quality of sleep. That is the same reason why you shouldn't sleep with your phone nearby.
The researchers noted that our bodies perceive EMD radiation in the same way they perceive light. So if the body sense EMF radiation, it slows down the production of the pineal gland (the gland responsible for regulating our sleep)
With the inability to get enough sleep, your body is exposed to all manner of opportunistic health issues such as reduced ability to fight disease, grow muscle, repair damage, and expel toxins. There is endless literature on the consequences of sleep deprivation, and EMF dramatically reduces your chances of getting a healthy dose of sleep every day.
Increased Risk of Certain Cancers
There have been numerous studies on brain tumors and the increased use of cell phones and other wireless devices. Excessive exposure to electromagnetic waves increases the risk of certain types of tumors. Researchers and health experts are particularly concerned about the effect of EMF radiation on children. For this reason, countries like England, Sweden, and France are reducing wireless internet from schools and instead opting for wired internet.
People who spend most of their time with equipment that emit magnetic radiation frequently commonly suffer from chronic headaches, insomnia, and much more. Developing simple habits such as disabling your Wi-Fi at night and not sleeping with your phone next to you can significantly reduce your chances of developing related health complications.
Surge protection
Unplugging your router and other network devices prevents damage by power surges. While you might have surge protectors to take care of this, inexpensive surge units might not always protect your devices against major surges. That is particularly important if you live in an area prone to frequent lightning.
Increased security
Powering off a device when you're not using it improves network security. When network devices are offline, hackers cannot target those devices and reduces your chances of being hacked by nearly 40 percent. Other security measures such as firewalls help and are necessary, but not bulletproof.
Should I Turn Off WiFi at Night?
At this point, I am sure you generally agree that turning off your router at night offers more benefits and is good for your health. As discussed, turning off or disabling Wi-Fi can go a long way in reducing your radiation exposure. You have three simple options of making sure your router remains switched off at night;
Use a Mechanical Outlet Timer.
This option is effective and inexpensive. Usually, when things are going a little slow, your ISP tells you to 'power cycle' the router. That simply means switching it off, waiting for about 30 seconds, and switching it on again. You can do the same each night, automatically, using a mechanical outlet timer.
You can purchase a simple mechanical outlet timer on Amazon. Set the timer to disconnect the router automatically from say 10.00 pm and reconnect it at 5:00 am when you wake up. Another option is to turn off your router manually every night –but you're are more likely to forget doing so.
Set a Timer on Your Router
Most routers come with functionality that allows you to schedule when your router turns off and on. All you need is to log into the router software via your browser and navigate to the scheduler in the settings section.
If you have children in the house who never seem to get off the internet, this is an excellent way to regular internet access. With the mechanical timer, they could just unplug the timer and plug the router back in. However, the inbuilt router scheduler allows you to set a password to login to the router itself, making sure they don't disrupt the schedule.
Different routers and computers work differently, so we may not be able to go deep into details on how to do this. If you haven't figured it out yet, consult the router's user manual or the manufacturer's online guides.
Cable your Network
If you take your health serious enough, this option shouldn't be too much out of your way. The aim here is to set an ethernet network and hardwire as many devices in your home as possible and only reserve Wi-Fi for phones and other mobile devices.
You will essentially need to purchase some ethernet cable which is long enough to connect your router to all your computers. The standard option is to run an ethernet cable from the router for each device. But the easiest and most economical way is to use an ethernet cable divider.
An ethernet cable divider comes with multiple outlet ethernet ports and one input port. The divider allows you to connect multiple computers to a single ethernet cable running from the router. If you have no idea how to hook all these up, you should probably consult a professional network installer.
EMF Protection
If you cannot power down your WiFi at night another option is to use an EMF protection device. There are a number of items available that can help protect you from EMFs. Here are a few options. Click the link to see Amazon Pricing.
WiFi neutralizer
eLink EMF Neutralizer – Pendant Protection Device
eLink EMF Neutralizer – Whole House Plug Protection Device
The Bottom Line
Should you turn off WiFi at night? Most probably, yes. That is not only for your health but also for the ultimate performance and durability of your Wi-Fi devices. The only exception could be if you have a smart home or home security system that heavily relies on the availability of the internet.
Other helpful articles that will help you learn more about routers and streaming media
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History of the Flag
The black swan has been associated with Western Australia from the earliest times. Vlamingh, who explored the Swan River in 1697, gave it the name on account of the number of swans found upon it, and for a number of years after the foundation of the settlement, it was generally referred to as the Swan River Colony.
It is not surprising, therefore, that the Black Swan should come to be accepted as the emblem of the State, though no record can be found of any early official pronouncement on the subject.
It was in use in the eighteen thirties, only a few years after the establishment of the Colony. It appears on Bank notes, issued in the early thirties on account of shortage of specie, and on the "Swan River Guardian" newspaper, first published in 1836; the Royal Arms, with the Swan below, appears at the head of the first issue of the Western Australian Government Gazette of 20th February, 1836.
A design showing the Black Swan was selected for the first Western Australian postage stamps, issued in 1854.
This same device was used on the Ordinances of Western Australia in 1858, and appears on reprints of earlier Acts which were made in that year.
On 17th August, 1869, an Order in Council was issued authorising the Governors of Colonies to fly the Union Flag with the Arms or Badge of the Colony in the centre.
A circular from the Secretary of State notified the Governors of this fact, and Frederick A. Weld, Governor of Western Australia, in a despatch dated 3rd January, 1870 submitted a sketch of the badge which it was proposed to adopt-ie, a black swan on a yellow background. He stated with regard to it "This Colony at its commencement was usually known as the Swan River Settlement, and the Black Swan is represented upon its seal, and has always been considered as its special badge, or cognizance."
The use of this badge was confirmed by a later Governor, William C. F. Robinson, in a despatch dated 27th November 1875.
The use of the badge of Western Australia (on the Blue Ensign) began some time prior to 1870, following the Admiralty Letter of 16th January 1866 prescribing the use of a defaced Blue Ensign by vessels belonging to or permanently in the service of Colonial Governments.
In September, 1912 when the Royal Warrant was issued granting Armorial Ensign and Supporters to the Commonwealth of Australia, the Black Swan was used as the emblem of Western Australia.


input geometry is in lat/lon order, you can use ST_FlipCoordinates to swap X and Y.
Lon/Lat Order in the source and target CRS
Sedona will make sure the source and target CRS to be in lon/lat order. If the source CRS or target CRS is in lat/lon order, these CRS will be swapped to lon/lat order.
CRS code
The CRS code is the code of the CRS in the official EPSG database (_URL_ in the format of EPSG:XXXX. A community tool EPSG.io can help you quick identify a CRS code. For example, the code of WGS84 is EPSG:4326.
WKT format
You can also use OGC WKT v1 format to specify the source CRS and target CRS. An example OGC WKT v1 CRS of EPGS:3857 is as follows:
PROJCS["WGS 84 / Pseudo-Mercator",
 GEOGCS["WGS 84",
 DATUM["WGS_1984",
 SPHEROID["WGS 84",_PHONE_,298.257223563,
 AUTHORITY["EPSG","7030"]],
 AUTHORITY["EPSG","6326"]],
 PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
 AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]],
 UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433,
 AUTHORITY["EPSG","9122"]],
 AUTHORITY["EPSG","4326"]],
 PROJECTION["Mercator_1SP"],
 PARAMETER["central_meridian",0],
 PARAMETER["scale_factor",1],
 PARAMETER["false_easting",0],
 PARAMETER["false_northing",0],
 UNIT["metre",1,
 AUTHORITY["EPSG","9001"]],
 AXIS["Easting",EAST],
 AXIS["Northing",NORTH],
 EXTENSION["PROJ4","+proj=merc +a=_PHONE_ +b=_PHONE_ +lat_ts=0 +lon_0=0 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +k=1 +units=m +nadgrids=@null +wktext +no_defs"],
 AUTHORITY["EPSG","3857"]]
Note
By default, this function uses lon/lat order since v1.5.0. Before, it used lat/lon order.
Note
By default, ST_Transform follows the lenient mode which tries to fix issues by itself. You can append a boolean value at the end to enable the strict mode. In strict mode, ST_Transform will throw an error if it finds any issue.
Format:
ST_Transform (A: Geometry, SourceCRS: String, TargetCRS: String, lenientMode: Boolean)
ST_Transform (A: Geometry, SourceCRS: String, TargetCRS: String)
ST_Transform (A: Geometry, TargetCRS: String)
Since: v1.2.0
Spark SQL Example:
SELECT ST_AsText(ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromText('POLYGON((170 50,170 72,-130 72,-130 50,170 50))'),'EPSG:4326', 'EPSG:32649'))
SELECT ST_AsText(ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromText('POLYGON((170 50,170 72,-130 72,-130 50,170 50))'),'EPSG:4326', 'EPSG:32649', false))
Output:
POLYGON ((_PHONE_.980342899 _PHONE_.336766362, _PHONE_.516721856 _PHONE_.912528664, _PHONE_._PHONE_ -_PHONE_.50985159, _PHONE_.924514083 -_PHONE_.21488129, _PHONE_.980342899 _PHONE_.336766362))
ST_Translate
Introduction: Returns the input geometry with its X, Y and Z coordinates (if present in the geometry) translated by deltaX, deltaY and deltaZ (if specified)
If the geometry is 2D, and a deltaZ parameter is specified, no change is done to the Z coordinate of the geometry and the resultant geometry is also 2D.
If the geometry is empty, no change is done to it. If the given geometry contains sub-geometries (GEOMETRY COLLECTION, MULTI POLYGON/LINE/POINT), all underlying geometries are individually translated.
Format:
ST_Translate(geometry: Geometry, deltaX: Double, deltaY: Double, deltaZ: Double)
Since: v1.4.1
Spark SQL Example:
SELECT ST_Translate(ST_GeomFromText('GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(MULTIPOLYGON(((3 2,3 3,4 3,4 2,3 2)),((3 4,5 6,5 7,3 4))), POINT(1 1 1), LINESTRING EMPTY)'), 2, 2, 3)
Output:
GEOMETRYCOLLECTION (MULTIPOLYGON (((5 4, 5 5, 6 5, 6 4, 5 4)), ((5 6, 7 8, 7 9, 5 6))), POINT (3 3), LINESTRING EMPTY)
Spark SQL Example:
SELECT ST_Translate(ST_GeomFromText('POINT(-71.01 42.37)'),1,2)
Output:
POINT (-70.01 44.37)
ST_Union
Introduction: Return the union of geometry A and B
Format: ST_Union (A: Geometry, B: Geometry)
Since: v1.2.0
Spark SQL Example:
SELECT ST_Union(ST_GeomFromWKT('POLYGON ((-3 -3, 3 -3, 3 3, -3 3, -3 -3))'), ST_GeomFromWKT('POLYGON ((1 -2, 5 0, 1 2, 1 -2))'))
Output:
POLYGON ((3 -1, 3 -3, -3 -3, -3 3, 3 3, 3 1, 5 0, 3 -1))
ST_VoronoiPolygons
Introduction: Returns a two-dimensional Voronoi diagram from the vertices of the supplied geometry. The result is a GeometryCollection of Polygons that covers an envelope larger than the extent of the input vertices. Returns null if input geometry is null. Returns an empty geometry collection if the input geometry contains only one vertex. Returns an empty geometry collection if the extend_to envelope has zero area.
Format: ST_VoronoiPolygons(g1: Geometry, tolerance: Double, extend_to: Geometry)
Optional parameters:
tolerance : The distance within which vertices will be considered equivalent. Robustness of the algorithm can be improved by supplying a nonzero tolerance distance. (default = 0.0)
extend_to : If a geometry is supplied as the "extend_to" parameter, the diagram will be extended to cover the envelope of the "extend_to" geometry, unless that envelope is smaller than the default envelope (default = NULL. By default, we extend the bounding box of the diagram by the max between bounding box's height and bounding box's width).
Since: v1.5.0
Spark SQL Example:
SELECT st_astext(ST_VoronoiPolygons(ST_GeomFromText('MULTIPOINT ((0 0), (1 1))')));
Output:
GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((-1 2,2 -1,-1 -1,-1 2)),POLYGON((-1 2,2 2,2 -1,-1 2)))
ST_X
Introduction: Returns X Coordinate of given Point null otherwise.
Format: ST_X(pointA: Point)
Since: v1.0.0
Spark SQL Example:
SELECT ST_X(ST_POINT(0.0 25.0))
Output:
0.0
ST_XMax
Introduction: Returns the maximum X coordinate of a geometry
Format: ST_XMax (A: Geometry)
Since: v1.2.1
Spark SQL Example:
SELECT ST_XMax(ST_GeomFromText('POLYGON ((-1 -11, 0 10, 1 11, 2 12, -1 -11))'))
Output:
2
ST_XMin
Introduction: Returns the minimum X coordinate of a geometry
Format: ST_XMin (A: Geometry)
Since: v1.2.1
Spark SQL Example:
SELECT ST_XMin(ST_GeomFromText('POLYGON ((-1 -11, 0 10, 1 11, 2 12, -1 -11))'))
Output:


text:
The Formulation of New Concrete from Sand Dune of the Western Erg of Algeria
The southern Algeria is known for its huge sand dunes that cover part of its territory (Sahara). This sand has features that allow a glimpse of a recovery in the construction field in the form of Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC).
This type of concrete using a large amount of silica fume, ultra fine addition that gives very high performance but is also relatively rare and expensive. Replacing it with another addition to equivalent properties,such as metakaolin, can also be considered. The objective of this study is to both enhance the sand dunes of Erg south west western Algeria but also reduce manufacturing costs of Ultra High Performance Concrete to incorporating metakaolin to instead of silica fume. Performances to determine mechanical performance are instantaneous, compression and bending. Initially, we characterized the Algerian sand dune. Then, we have to find a formulation of UHPC, adequate in terms of implementation and to replace silica fume by metakaolin. Finally, we studied the actual value of the sand dune. Concrete obtained have very high mechanical performance, up to a compressive strength of 250 MPa, a tensile strength of 45 MPa by bending with the method of heat treatment. This study shows that the enhancement of dune sand studied is quite possible in UHPC, and in particular UHPC bundles and the replacement of silica fume by metakaolin do not alter the properties of these concretes.
Keywords - Ultra High Performance Concrete in, sand dune, formulations, silica fume, metakaolin, strength.


text:
This video knitting tutorial will help you learn how to start a row with a yarn over. This technique is sometimes used in lace patterns to create an eyelet at the beginning of a row. It can be a little confusing but really is pretty simple.
To start a row with a yarn over, just move the yarn in front of the needle before you knit if doing a knit stitch, or move your needle in front of the yarn before you purl if doing a purl stitch.
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Grange in Borrowdale
Grange in Borrowdale
Grange is a lovely village at the head of Borrowdale, popular as a centre for walking and outdoor activities. Nearby is the natural feature known as the Bowder Stone, a huge boulder tipped up on one end.
Grange, more often called 'Grange in Borrowdale', is at the entrance to the 'Jaws of Borrowdale', where the valley narrows, bounded on either side by Castle Crag and Grange Fell. The village is entered over a picturesque double-arched bridge, built in 1675.
The origins of Grange go back to at least the early medieval period. In 1209 Alice de Rumelli sold estates here to the monks of Furness Abbey. The monks cleared the land and established an outlying farm, or grange, in the valley.
The monk's grange gave its name to the hamlet that grew up at the northern end of the valley. The monks harvested oats, barley, and rye, and produced charcoal, but their main focus was wool. They established trade routes, leading packhorses east and south over the surrounding fells.
Most of the picturesque cluster of cottages are built of grey local stone, but one building stands out from the rest for its whitewashed walls. This is the parish church, dedicated to the Holy Trinity and built in 1861 by Miss Margaret Heathcote so that villagers did not have to make the long trek up the valley to the parish church.
Miss Heathcote was notoriously hard to please, and went through 7 curates in just 11 years! There is also a small Methodist church, built nearby in 1878.
Though it seems small and remote, Grange has royal connections. In 1910 Princess Louise, sister of King Edward VII, wanted to create a suitable memorial to her brother on his death. She bought Grange Fell and erected a memorial stone to the king on top of the fell.
Princess Louise also officially presided at the opening ceremony for Brandlehow Wood. one of the first properties purchased by the National Trust. Another very local celebrity was author Hugh Walpole, who lived at Brackenburn, just a mile from Grange, between 1924 and 1941.
Like so much of the Lake District, Grange is a centre for walking. At almost any time of year the village is crammed with walkers, and in the summer it can be very difficult to drive through the narrow lanes through the village. Parking is very much a haphazard business, especially on sunny summer days.
But with those caveats, it's worth repeating just what a fantastically scenic area this is; the village is absurdly pretty, in an area that writer Alfred Wainwright called one of the prettiest square miles in Cumbria. And he's right.
Because the village is so popular as a walking centre there are a wide variety of bed and breakfasts and self-catering options, and the Lodore Hotel is just a short distance away on the main road from Keswick.


text:
Why is sugar solution a mixture?
Water is a solvent and sugar is the solute. When sugar is added to water, a solution is formed as the sugar crystals dissolve. The sugar particles are still there in solution, however, they are evenly mixed. They have not changed into something different. A mixture is when two or more different substances are mixed but not chemically combined. However, a mixture can be separated again by physical means. Evaporation is one easy method to separate the sugar from the water. If one boils this solution, only the water will evaporate out of the mixture at 100 degrees Celsius. The water will change to gas and the solid sugar will remain behind. Eventually, the sugar will recrystallize when the particles cool.