.
Modifiers: unix format
Next to the name, you can specify a format code. With (gnu) "gettext()", you often see this:
 printf gettext("approx pi: %.6f\n"), PI;
Locale::TextDomain has two ways:
 printf __"approx pi: %.6f\n", PI;
 print __x"approx pi: {approx}\n", approx => sprintf("%.6f", PI);
The first does not respect the wish to be able to reorder the arguments during translation (although there are ways to work around that) The second version is quite long. The content of the translation table differs between the examples.
With "Log::Report", above syntaxes do work, but you can also do:
 # with optional translations
 print __x"approx pi: {pi%.6f}\n", pi => PI;
The base for "__x()" is the printi() provided by this module. Internally, it will call "printi" to fill in parameters:
Another example:
 printi "{perms} {links%2d} {user%−8s} {size%10d} {fn}\n"
 , perms => '−rw−r−−r−−', links => 7, user =>'me'
 , size => 12345, fn => $filename;
An additional advantage is the fact that not all languages produce comparable length strings. Now, the translators can take care that the layout of tables is optimal. Above example in printp() syntax, shorter but less maintainable:
 printp "%s %2d %−8s 10d %s\n"
 , '−rw−r−−r−−', 7,'me', 12345, $filename;
Modifiers: unix format improvements
The POSIX "printf()" does not handle unicode strings. Perl does understand that the 's' modifier may need to insert utf8 so does not count bytes but characters. "printi()" does not use characters but "grapheme clusters" via Unicode::GCString. Now, also composed characters do work correctly.
Additionally, you can use the new 'S' conversion to count in columns. In fixed-width fonts, graphemes can have width 0, 1 or 2. For instance, Chinese characters have width 2. When printing in fixed-width, this 'S' is probably the better choice over 's'. When the field does not specify its width, then there is no performance penalty for using 'S'.
Modifiers: private modifiers
You may pass your own modifiers. A modifier consists of a selector and a CODE, which is called when the selector matches. The selector is either a string or a regular expression.
 # in Object Oriented syntax:
 my $f = String::Print−>new
 ( modifiers => [ qr/[XX]/ => \&money ]
 # in function syntax:
 use String::Print 'printi','sprinti'
 , modifiers => [ qr/[XX]/ => \&money ];
 # the implementation:
 sub money$$$$)
 { my ($formatter, $modif, $value, $args) = _USER_;
 $modif eq 'X'? sprintf("%.2f EUR", $value+0.0001)
 : $modif eq 'X'? sprintf("%.2f GBP", $value/1.16+0.0001)
 : 'ERROR';
Using printp() makes it a little shorter, but will become quite complex when there are more parameter in one string.
 printi "price: {pX}", p => $pi; # price: 3.14 EUR
 printi "price: {pX}", p => $pi; # price: 2.71 GBP
 printp "price: %{X}s", $pi; # price: 3.14 EUR
 printp "price: %{X}s", $pi; # price: 2.71 GBP
This is very useful in the translation context, where the translator can specify abstract formatting rules. As example, see the ( GNU ) gettext files, in the translation table for Dutch into English. The translator tells us which currency to use in the display.
 msgid "kostprijs: {pX}"
 msgstr "price: {pX}"
Another example. Now, we want to add timestamps. In this case, we decide for modifier names in "\w", so we need a blank to separate the parameter from the modifer.
 use POSIX qw/strftime/;
 use String::Print modifiers => [ qr/T|DT|D/ => \&_timestamp ];
 sub _timestamp($$$$)
 my $time_format
 = $modif eq 'T' ? '%T'
 : $modif eq 'D' ? '%F'
 : $modif eq 'DT'? '%FT%TZ'
 : 'ERROR';
 strftime $time_format, gmtime($value);
 printi "time: {t T}", t => $now; # time: 10:59:17
 printi "date: {t D }", t => $now; # date: 2013−04−13
 printi "both: {t DT}", t => $now; # both: 2013−04−13T10:59:17Z
 printp "time: %{T}s", $now; # time: 10:59:17
 printp "date: %{D}s", $now; # date: 2013−04−13
 printp "both: %{DT}s", $now; # both: 2013−04−13T10:59:17Z
Modifiers: stacking
You can add more than one modifier. The modifiers detect the extend of their own information (via a regular expression), and therefore the formatter understands where one ends and the next begins.
The modifiers are called in order:
 printi "price: {pX%9s}\n", p => $p; # price: XXX123.45
 printi ">{t T%10s}<", t => $now; # >XX12:59:17<
 printp "price: %9{X}s\n", $p; # price: XXX123.45
 printp ">%10{T}s<", $now; # >XX12:59:17<
Compared to other modules on CPAN
There are a quite a number of modules on CPAN which extend the functionality of "printf()". To name a few: String::Format <>, String::Errf , String::Formatter , Text::Sprintf::Named <>, Acme::StringFormat <>, Text::sprintf <>, Log::Sprintf <>, and String::Sprintf <>. They are all slightly different.
When the "String::Print" module was created, none of the modules mentioned above handled unicode correctly. Global configuration of serializers and modifiers is also usually not possible, sometimes provided per explicit function call. Only "String::Print" cleanly separates the roles of serializers, modifiers, and conversions.
"String::Print" is nicely integrated with Log::Report.
This module is part of String-Print distribution version 0.15, built on March 14, 2014. Website:−report/
Copyrights 2013−2014 by [Mark Overmeer]. For other contributors see ChangeLog.


text:
New Delhi, Delhi has recorded 121.7 mm of rainfall in October so far, the second highest in the month since 2007, according to India Meteorological Department data.
The city recorded 25.3 mm rainfall on Saturday, 74.3 mm on Sunday and 21.8 mm on Monday. The rainfall so far this month is around four times the normal rainfall of 28 mm and three times the precipitation recorded (41.6 mm) in August, which is the wettest month of the monsoon season.
The national capital received a record 122.5 mm of rainfall in October last year.
The city did not receive any rain in October 2020, 2018 and 2017 and logged 47.3 mm of rainfall in October 2019.
The ongoing rainfall is the second prolonged spell within three weeks.
The capital had logged a late spell of monsoon rains from September 21 to September 24 due to an interaction between a cyclonic circulation and a low-pressure system.
However, the current rains in Delhi are not monsoon showers, which receded from the city on September 29 after giving 516.9 mm rainfall against a normal of 653.6 mm, the IMD said.
The incessant rains, the result of an interaction between a western disturbance and a deep trough of easterly winds, also helped meet the yearly quota (774.4 mm) of precipitation.
Delhi has received 790 mm of rainfall so far this year.
The capital recorded 31 per cent surplus rain in September — 164.5 mm against a normal of 125.1 mm.
It received 286.3 mm of rainfall in July, 37 per cent more than normal, and just 24.5 mm of precipitation in June against an average of 74.1 mm. PTI

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Explore the new frontier of animation with CSS
A flat illustration of spaceships, planets, satellites and comets, indicating the new frontier of CSS animation.
Modern browsers and design tools offer a lot in terms of creative power. Mobile devices have turned into pocket powerhouses with enough oomph to push all those Retina screen pixels without breaking a sweat. It should therefore come as no surprise that dynamic websites, which tap into all this power, are emerging on a daily basis. In fact, you would be hard-pressed to find a modern website that doesn't make use of CSS animation in some way, be it in the form of simple hover transitions or in full-blown pieces of art.
Good animation can bring otherwise static content to life while supporting the rest of the design and helping to express brand personality, and it can make for a more natural user experience because we're hardwired to respond to moving objects.
Why use CSS for animation?
Compared to script-driven animations, animations using CSS are easier to learn and can be used without having to know JavaScript. They can be made responsive as they can be modified through CSS media queries. Despite having a relatively simple syntax, we can create quite complex animations with it, especially with the help of CSS preprocessors.
Using CSS for animation consists of a style describing the animation and a _USER_ block that defines intermediate steps in an animation sequence. All aspects of the animation are controlled via a set of easily understandable properties: animation-name, animation-duration, animation-timing-function, animation-delay, animation-iteration-count, animation-direction, animation-fill-mode and animation-play-state. There is also the animation property, a shorthand syntax that combines all of the others.
This is what the CSS animation code looks like in its simplest form:
/* Animation description */
.slide-right {
animation: slide-right 0.5s ease-in-out 0.2s infinite alternate both;
/* Animation steps */
_USER_ slide-right {
 0% { transform: translateX(0); }
 100% { transform: translateX(100px); }
Using the same syntax, it is possible to animate SVG the same way as any other HTML element.
We will explore various aspects of CSS animation and how we can use it to enhance the overall user experience.
Functional animation
Animations can be applied to perform various functions in the interface. They can successfully guide users through a certain process, improve orientation and also provide visual feedback. Such animations play an extremely important role in designing a high-quality, brand-based user experience. Let's look at some examples of functional animation.
Page transitions
Clicking the website navigation links usually results in a sudden change in user interface. A page is requested, and when the browser receives a response from the server, a blank screen will flash briefly before the new page is shown. This interrupts the user's workflow and can be disorienting. Page transitions help minimise the distracting effect.
Instead of letting the browser handle this for us, we can intercept the request, load the new content asynchronously in the background, and then use CSS animation to create a smooth transition to another page when it is ready. This helps to promote a sense of continuity while keeping the context.
Loaders and progress bars
An important aspect of good interaction design is providing visual feedback. We should never leave users wondering what is happening or whether the result of an interaction has been successful or not.
When using page transitions, for example, we should let the user know not only that the page is being loaded but also that it will be displayed shortly. One way to achieve this would be to show an animated loader indicating that the operation is underway.
If it is possible to measure the duration, we could instead show a progress bar. This method provides useful information about how long it will take for the page to load completely.
Beyond loaders – skeleton screens
The alternative solution to loaders are skeleton screens, which can greatly improve perceived performance. A skeleton screen is a simplified graphic representation of the UI to be displayed while the content is loading in the background. The UI is divided into smaller blocks of skeleton images, which are then swapped with real content as soon as it is ready. We can use CSS animation to indicate that the content is loading as well as to ensure that the change appears gradually.
Micro-interactions are small tasks we perform almost automatically. Liking a tweet, adding an item to the shopping cart, sharing links – these are all micro-interactions. We can use CSS animation to provide visual cues and make the result of an action easily understandable. One example is making CTAs or various UI buttons appear tangible.
We can also use CSS animation to create a meaningful transition between states, for example, morphing a menu button from its original shape to an 'X' icon, hinting that the navigation can be closed by clicking the same button again. Such design is both pleasing as well as being informative.
Animation can also be used to direct users' attention by highlighting the changes in the UI, like adding a new item to the shopping cart.
Achieving 60fps
One thing to keep in mind when it comes to CSS animation is performance. It is important to keep the animations jank-free and run them as smoothly as possible. Otherwise instead of enhancing the entire experience, you very quickly risk ruining it. While there are no magical recipes for creating smooth animations besides testing frequently, there are a few principles you can follow to minimise the risk.
Hardware acceleration
Always aim to animate only hardware accelerated CSS properties. This should be easy to remember as there are only two: transform and opacity. The goal is for all changes to happen in the compositing layer, which is the cheapest from the browser's perspective.
Other properties when changed trigger either layout or repaint operations, which are more expensive. Avoid animating them if possible.
Transform properties can be used to scale, skew, rotate and move objects around. Using left, top, right and bottom properties to change an element's position is a common mistake. Animating these will cause the browser to recalculate the layout. Use transform: translateX() and transform: translateY() instead.
Choreograph your CSS
Don't animate too many elements all at once or you may end up with a slideshow instead of the animation. If you find yourself in a position where you need to animate lots of objects, coordinate their motion. Plan in advance what elements you will animate and how and when you will animate them.
Animation delays are super-useful in that regard. Well timed, they can also be used to create a neat staggered motion effect. Offsetting animation start times decreases the strain on the browser, as animations won't be starting at the same time. This is much easier with the help of CSS preprocessors or JavaScript, as they support loop functions.
Here is how to stagger an animation-delay property in SCSS:
.staggered { animation: slide.7s ease-out
both; }
_USER_ $i from 1 through 10 {
 .staggered:nth-child(#{$i}) {
 animation-delay: 0.05s * $i;
It may take a bit of experimenting in order to fully master the choreography but the effort will be rewarded with better performance.
Debugging CSS animation can be a daunting task, and having some help in that regard is essential. Both Chrome and Firefox developer tools enable you to see and tweak your keyframe animations, and slow them down, as well as track their performance. It is definitely worth getting familiar with these tools.
Control CSS animation with JavaScript
Sometimes you need more control over your animation, and this is where JavaScript comes in. There are some things that simply cannot be done in CSS alone. JS enables you to tap into different animation callback functions like animationstart, animationiteration and animationend.
Restarting animation
Although it sounds trivial, restarting the CSS animation on user input is at times surprisingly tricky. Simply removing the animation class from the element and re-adding it doesn't work. You need an extra step in-between and to trigger a reflow on the element. Here is how to do it:
const elem = document.querySelector('_TAG_-element');
const btnRestart = document.
const restartAnimation = event => {
 // This triggers reflow
 void element.offsetWidth;
btnRestart.addEventListener('click', restartAnimation, false);
As a last resort, removing the element from the DOM and adding it again will restart the animation as well.
Controlling play state
You can pause and resume the CSS animation with JS in a similar fashion:
const elem = document.
const btnPlay = document.
const btnPause = document.
const playAnimation = event => {
 event.preventDefault(); =
const pauseAnimation = event => {
 event.preventDefault(); = 'paused';
playAnimation, false);
pauseAnimation, false);
A look into the future
There are a few exciting standard CSS features outlined in the spec that are currently in the pipeline and partially implemented in some browsers already. Two of them are particularly interesting when looking from the CSS animation perspective: CSS Variables or more accurate CSS custom properties and the Motion Path module.
Animate with CSS custom properties
Although variables have been available in CSS pre-processors for some time now, one thing makes CSS custom properties far more flexible and extremely usable in animation scenarios.
You can certainly take advantage of the fact that you are able to manipulate them dynamically at run-time via the getProperty(), setPropertyValue() and removeProperty() JS methods.For example, your CSS code might look something like this:
_TAG_-obj {
 --xPos: 100px;
 animation: slide.4s ease-out both;
_USER_ slide {
to% { transform: translateX(var(--xPos)); }
You can then access the --xPos property in JS:
const elem = document.
// Read the property


text:
Bermejo (bərmāˈhō) [key], river, c.650 mi (1,050 km) long, rising in N central Argentina, flowing SE along the border with Bolivia and through N Argentina to Pilar, Paraguay. Through much of its course, it is the border between Argentina's Formosa and Chaco provinces. Most of the river is navigable by small craft.
More on Bermejo from Fact Monster:
See more Encyclopedia articles on: Latin American and Caribbean Physical Geography

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Category Archives: New Books
Anotacia Mikulas_MetaphernforschungThe edited volume Metaphor Research in Interdisciplinary and Interdiscursive Perspectives considers the metaphor as a phenomenon that constantly accompanies and forms our orientation in space, communication and thinking. Our reality is generated by and exists in metaphors. This process can be analyzed from various perspectives of the human sciences, depending on which we can find different answers to the question of how reality is constructed through communication. It is therefore meaningful to ask how metaphors (re)construct our thinking and behaving. The authors perceive the metaphor not primarily as a phenomenon of the language system, but rather as a unique interconnection between cognition and communication. This position is supported by the fact that the metaphor has been increasingly studied by using the instruments of cognitive studies and discourse analysis. Taking interdisciplinary approaches, the studies give unique answers to the question of how the metaphor operates in the field between cognition and communication, and to what extent it takes part in what we can call a coherent and cohesive picture of the world.
ROMAN MIKULÁŠ (ed.): Metaphernforschung in interdisziplinären und interdiskursiven Perspektiven. Paderborn: Brill /mentis, 2020. 457 pp. ISBN 978-3-95743-190-5
Postcolonial Europe? Essays on Post-Communist Literatures and Cultures
gafrik-post-europeThe collective monograph Postcolonial Europe? Essays on Post-Communist Literatures and Cultures analyzes post-1989 Central and Eastern Europe through the paradigm of postcoloniality. Based on the assumption that both Western and Soviet imperialism emerged from European modernity, the book is a contribution to the development of a global postcolonial discourse based on a more extensive and nuanced geohistorical comparativism. Together the studies map the rich terrain of contemporary East-Central European creative writing and visual art.


text:
Welcome to the Research Data Portal
The VistaMilk Research Data Portal integrates new and existing research data sources across the domains of Pasture, Animal and Food. Our aim is to develop the optimal structure for research data in Irish Dairy; delivering innovations to industry and farmers while protecting the security and privacy of research data.
Researchers should contact their site manager to request login details to access the Research Data Portal.
Latest from VistaMilk
- Molecular Communications Masterclass 22/09/2023Event: Molecular Communications Masterclass Organisers: Daniel Martins (WALTON-SETU), Hazel Peavoy (WALTON-SETU) and Gerry Mouzakitis VistaMilk (Tyndall) Speakers: Prof Adam Noel (University of Warwick), Prof Antoni Llopis-Lorente (Polytechnic University of Valencia), Dr Daniel Martins (WALTON-SETU) Date: 07/09/2023 Local: Tyndall National Institute Area of Research: Molecular Communications Event Recap: Molecular Communications is one of the research [...] […]Bob Stokes
- RISE OF THE BIONANOMACHINES: Irish Scientists Programme Bacteria to Gather Data on Animal Health 21/09/2023'Programmed' bacteria will travel through cows in biocompatible devices providing information on the health of the animal Potential for bacteria-to-bacteria communication, triggering in-situ treatment for health issues Interface between computer- and bio-science paves the way for a new generation of efficient, environmentally-friendly biological computers Pioneering molecular communication research by Irish scientists is 'programming' common bacteria […]Bob Stokes
- What does the Farm of the Future look like? Vistamilk Schools Poster Competition provides a few clues….. 03/08/2023Earlier this year and to coincide with the Moorepark Open Day, VistaMilk held a poster competition for primary schools on the topic of 'The Farm of the Future'. Eight schools took part and we were delighted to receive over 150 exceptional posters from pupils of varying ages from junior infants all the way up to […]VistaMilk Admin
- VistaMilk March Updates 11/07/2023The post VistaMilk March Updates appeared first on VistaMilk.VistaMilk Admin
- VistaMilk 2023 April – May Updates 11/07/2023The post VistaMilk 2023 April – May Updates appeared first on VistaMilk.VistaMilk Admin


text:
The word "batteries" uses 9 letters: A B E E I R S T T.
No direct anagrams for batteries found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after batteries (in bold), or to abeeirstt in any order:
h - breathiest
All words formed from batteries by changing one letter
Browse words starting with batteries by next letter

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Percy Pilcher
Percy Sinclair Pilcher (16 January 1866 – 2 October 1899) was a British inventor and pioneer aviator who was his country's foremost experimenter in unpowered flight at the end of the 19th Century. He was planning a flight with a motor-driven hang glider, but died in the crash of another glider before he could make the attempt.
Early life
Percy Pilcher was born in Bath in 1866, and served in the Royal Navy
Royal Navy
 for seven years from 1880. Thereafter he became an apprentice with the shipbuilders, Randolph, Elder and Company, of Govan in Glasgow.
In 1891 Pilcher began work as assistant lecturer at Glasgow University and took a growing interest in aviation. He built a hang glider called The Bat which he flew for the first time in 1895; the Bat had a double use of the triangle control frame (TCF) as both a piloting device as well as an airframe part that doubled in kinposting utility.
Later that year Pilcher met Otto Lilienthal
Otto Lilienthal
Otto Lilienthal was a German pioneer of human aviation who became known as the Glider King. He was the first person to make well-documented, repeated, successful gliding flights. He followed an experimental approach established earlier by Sir George Cayley...
, who was the leading expert in gliding in Germany. These discussions led to Pilcher building two more gliders, The Beetle and The Gull. Based on the work of his mentor Otto Lilienthal, in 1897 Pilcher built a glider called The Hawk with which he broke the world distance record when he flew 250 m (820 ft) at the grounds of Stanford Hall near Lutterworth
Lutterworth is a market town and civil parish in the Harborough district of Leicestershire, England. The town is located in southern Leicestershire, north of Rugby, in Warwickshire and south of Leicester. It had a population of 8,293 in the 2001 UK census....
 in Leicestershire, England.
Pilcher set his sights upon powered flight: he developed a triplane
A triplane is a fixed-wing aircraft equipped with three vertically-stacked wing planes. Tailplanes and canard foreplanes are not normally included in this count, although they may occasionally be.-Design principles:...
 that was to be powered by a 4 hp
 (3 kW) engine; however, construction of the triplane put him heavily into debt, and Pilcher needed sponsorship to complete his work.
Pilcher formed a company with Walter Gordon Wilson
Walter Gordon Wilson
Major Walter Gordon Wilson was an engineer and member of the British Royal Naval Air Service. He was credited by the 1919 Royal Commission on Awards to Inventors as the co-inventor of the tank, along with Sir William Tritton....
 (later to become a successful motor engineer and inventor of the first tanks).
On 30 September 1899, having completed his triplane, he had intended to demonstrate it to a group of onlookers and potential sponsors in a field near Stanford Hall. However, days before, the engine crankshaft had broken and, so as not to disappoint his guests, he decided to fly the Hawk instead. The weather was stormy and rainy, but by 4 pm Pilcher decided the weather was good enough to fly. Whilst flying, the tail snapped and Pilcher plunged 10 metres (30 ft) to the ground: he died two days later from his injuries with his triplane having never been publicly flown.
He is buried in Brompton Cemetery
Brompton Cemetery
Brompton Cemetery is located near Earl's Court in South West London, England. It is managed by The Royal Parks and is one of the Magnificent Seven...
, London.
A stone monument to him stands in the field near Stanford Hall at the point where he crashed, and a full-sized replica of his "The Hawk" glider is also displayed at Stanford Hall. The original Hawk has survived and is in the collections of National Museums Scotland.
Renewal of interest
Pilcher's plans were lost for many years, and his name was also long forgotten except by a few enthusiasts. When the centenary of the Wright brothers
Wright brothers
' flight approached, a new effort was made to find the lost work, and some correspondence was found in a private American collection. From this it was possible to discern the general direction of his plans and the basis of his design. Based on Lilienthal's work, Pilcher understood how to produce lift using winglike structures, but at this time a full mathematical description was years away, so many elements were still missing. In particular, Pilcher was stuck trying to design a wing that could lift the weight of an engine, the aircraft itself and the occupant – each increase in wing area increased the weight so much that yet more lift was required, requiring a larger wing – a seemingly vicious circle. Pilcher's breakthrough, thanks to correspondence with another pioneer, Octave Chanute
Octave Chanute
, was to stack smaller, lighter wings one atop the other in an arrangement we know today as the biplane or triplane. This allowed the wings to generate much more lift without a corresponding increase in weight.
In 2003, a research effort carried out at the School of Aeronautics at Cranfield University
Cranfield University
Cranfield University is a British postgraduate university based on two campuses, with a research-oriented focus. The main campus is at Cranfield, Bedfordshire and the second is the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom based at Shrivenham, Oxfordshire. The main campus is unique in the United...
, commissioned by the BBC2 television series "Horizon", has shown that Pilcher's design was more or less workable, and had he been able to develop his engine, it is possible he would have succeeded in being the first to fly a heavier-than-air powered aircraft with some degree of control. Cranfield built a replica of Pilcher's aircraft and added the Wright brothers' innovation of wing-warping as a safety backup for roll control. Pilcher's original design did not include aerodynamic controls such as ailerons or elevator. After a very short initial test, the craft achieved a sustained flight of 1 minute and 25 seconds, compared to 59 seconds for the Wright Brothers' best flight at Kitty Hawk. This was achieved under dead calm conditions as an additional safety measure, whereas the Wrights flew in a 25 mph+ wind to achieve enough airspeed on their early attempts.
External links


text:
Pet owners who are keen on buying mice are quite rightly to be confused whether to put more than one mouse in a cage or not. Some experts say that mice are social creatures so definitely need company, while some say that putting two mice or more into the same cage will lead to fighting and therefore sometimes injury or worse.
In this guide, we look at how to introduce two pet mice into the same cage safely as we believe that mice do prefer to have some sort of company in their cage. We look at the logistics and practicalities of putting mice of the same sex and mice of a different gender into the same cage as well as ways ultimately for the introduction to be as safe and trouble free as possible.
1. Introduce Them When They Are Very Young
One of the key ways of introducing mice into the same cage, not to mention the easiest, is to introduce them when they are as young as possible. It makes sense as they grow up used to each other, much like human children do with full knowledge of each other. It means they have a dynamic of their own set up before any other behavioral problems are learnt which can lead to fighting by mice when they are older and introduced to a cage with other inhabitants. If you introduce them in this way, it does not matter what genders you introduce – whether two males or two females.
2. Use A New Cage
This may sound like another obvious idea, but it is so easy to forget too. If you introduce two mice to each other, it will help your end goal so much if you do so in a new cage. That cage will act like neutral territory so that neither of them feel that their home is being invaded and that they have to protect where they live. If you do not want to buy a new cage, try introducing them in a high sided box first that is free from any smells that have come from a mouse marking his or her territory. In the interim, clean out the old cage as best you can to remove any smells that have been implanted there by the then resident mouse. This is particularly the case with male mice.
3. Use The Power Of Scent
Some mouse experts recommend using the smell of vanilla to help with introducing new mice to each other. The scientific reasoning is that this incredibly strong smell results in all mice smelling the same. From there, a mouse's instinct is that it is far easier to accept the other mouse as a friend. This is not a proven fool proof way of introducing mice to each other, but it has been recommended by enough people that it has worked enough times for it at least to be worth a shot at trying.
4. Choose Your Time Carefully
Like humans, there is a time of day where a person is more pliable than at others. With mice, this time is usually just before they go to sleep. Try introducing your two new pets at that point. You may have to watch them carefully first to ensure that you are confident of their sleep patterns. The idea behind this school of thought is that mice will naturally be calmer when tired as well as happier to snuggle up to each other for warmth before falling asleep. This is a bonding act that will bring them closer together so that they do not fight in future.
5. Introduce Them Little And Often
As with so many things in life, one of the best ways forward when introducing mice to each other, doing it little and often can reap rewards. This is a softly softly approach that may take longer but hopefully the short term pain will be the long term gain as your mice are more likely to grow used to each other over a period of time as opposed to being thrown in at the deep end. To make this approach as efficient as possible, set aside a time every day or every other day to introduce your mice to each other. Make that time longer and longer each time so that it then becomes possible to leave them living in the same cage together.
6. Let Them Have A Small Scrap
This may sound counterintuitive, but sometimes it can be a good idea to let your mice fight each other. In the animal kingdom, it is a way of letting them assert what the common hierarchy will be going forward which is necessary to almost every species out there. Just because they are mice does not mean that there will not be an alpha mouse in the cage that tends to rule the roost. To get to the stage where all inhabitants of a cage are happy with the hierarchy, they may well have to have a fight in the first instance. Just keep a close eye on them so that you can break it up if it gets too violent.
All these tips can be used in conjunction with one another to further aid the introduction of your pet mice to each other. In doing so, you should hopefully be far more successful than simply putting your two mice together in the same cage from the outset and hoping for the best. It is particularly important to watch your mice in the first 24 hours of introduction, if not the first week. Hopefully, by the end of that time, they should have at least reached an accord so that you can be happy in the knowledge that they won't harm each other.


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Disk I/O on AIX Hosts
Dear All,
We are facing a slowness on one of the applications during the stress testing. On the analysis, we found that the maximum contribution is from disk I/O.
How to interpret the disk I/O on the host?
What could be the reason behind a huge disk I/O?
Hello _USER_ ,
based on the screenshot it looks you are looking at method hotspots. There are two important points here for an interpretation of the results:
 - be sure to have a large sample of the relevant stack frames (it shows the number). If it's low (low is below 100), it's likely not very precise, but it depends on various conditions.
 - Disk IO typically means the application is using either disk operations or even some network operations that may be represented as disk io (I've seen such cases with jdbc drivers)
In other words - the code was waiting for input from a disk. You will need to look for the hotspots classes and methods in Method hotspots view to figure out what is really going on.
TEMPEST a.s., Slovakia, Dynatrace Master Partner
Hello _USER_
Thank you for your comments.
The following is one of the stress tests for a few minutes and below is the behavior of Disk I/O.
The following are the top hotspots.
Wherever is the high Disk I/O, there I see the following message in the PurePaths?
It's load test - it's fine you see purepaths errors and it's expected.
The hotspots are obvious, the code is getting file information (attributes/last modifications). You will need to browse the code to identify it. You will need to understand what the application should do and maybe the application is inefficiently doing some operations on filesystem. It's not possible to tell from the the screenshot you pasted, but definitely it's filesystem operations. It's for example possible there are just many files and the code is looping through them.
TEMPEST a.s., Slovakia, Dynatrace Master Partner
Hello _USER_
I shared the source code with the developers. How do you see the below-highligted method using enormous Disk I/O?
This is a screenshot from a single PurePath in Code-Level tab. Here it only shows "instrumentation points". Thus this is not visible here and you can only see the GAP.
You must look the calling code in the method hotspots. Either for this single PurePath or for a set of requests. If you have enough samples in the method hotspots, you can clearly see the stackframes and the class/method responsible for the issue.
TEMPEST a.s., Slovakia, Dynatrace Master Partner


text:
Collective violence, violent form of collective behaviour engaged in by large numbers of people responding to a common stimulus. Collective violence can be placed on a continuum, with one extreme involving the spontaneous behaviour of people who react to situations they perceive as uncertain, threatening, or extremely attractive. Riots and random youth gang fights are examples of spontaneous collective violence. At the other extreme are the organized forms of collective violence. These include coups, rebellions, revolutions, terrorism, and war.
Defining collective violence
Criminologists divide violence into two major types: individual violence and collective violence. Individual (or personal) violence is injurious force directed by one person against others. It includes making physical attacks and destroying another's property. In contrast, collective violence consists of a number of persons directing injurious force against others. Acts of collective violence do not spring from madness, perversion, or intentional criminality; they spring from everyday life and mundane issues, and the people who commit these acts are normal people who become convinced that the time has come to take matters into their own hands.
Generally speaking, collective violence can be divided into three categories:
- Situational collective violence is unplanned and spontaneous. Something in the immediate situational environment triggers a group to violent action. For example, in a barroom brawl, one group of patrons interprets messages sent by another group as a form of disrespect and feels it necessary to retaliate physically.
- Organized collective violence is planned violent behaviour. It is also unauthorized or unofficial and lacks government approval. Lynching is an example of organized collective violence.
- Institutional collective violence is carried out under the direction of legally constituted officials. Examples include a country fighting a war, a state's national guard putting down a riot, or a SWAT team attacking a barricaded suspect.
Within the context of collective behaviour, situational collective violence can be understood as spontaneous behaviour, and organized collective violence and institutional collective violence can be combined into the category of organized collective behaviour.
Examples of collective violence
Compared with conventional, everyday behaviour, collective behaviour is less inhibited, more spontaneous, more open to change, less structured, less stable, and generally shorter lived. One by-product of mass action can be collective violence. The specific forms of collective violence are described below.
The most elementary form of collective violence is referred to as "social unrest." The significance of social unrest is that it represents a breakdown of established routines and behaviours and substitutes a preparation for new collective action. Social unrest is not a new phenomenon; it is most likely a characteristic of urban society. Often, tensions exist in any given social environment. These tensions may be a result of racial, ethnic, or religious discrimination and prejudice that are operant in society. People become frustrated when they realize there is unequal access to the desired social goals (success, wealth, health, sense of self-fulfillment, and the like). There are instances when people will engage in various methods of adaptation. In extreme cases, riots may occur.
When groups of people become dissatisfied and frustrated with existing economic and political institutions, there may come a point when the breakdown of law and order is preferred to their preservation. During the chaos of a riot, many emergent forms of behaviour occur that might not occur otherwise. Acts of violence take on new meaning; they are now viewed as legitimate by the performers and the active witnesses.
Test Your Knowledge
Youths have formed groups, usually within their own age cohorts, from the beginning of human history. Some groups engage in what would be described as "normal" or socially acceptable behaviours. Other groups, however, may engage in behaviours that are harmful or even criminal. Youth gangs have existed since at least the 17th and 18th centuries in Europe. Descriptions of youth gangs in England during this period note that gangs committed various forms of theft and robbery, along with extortion and rape. Gangs found great amusement in breaking windows, demolishing taverns, and assaulting the watch.
In the United States, youth gangs have existed since at least the Revolutionary era. As the number of youth gangs slowly increased in American cities, certain characteristics remained constant. Gangs were typically organized along ethnic or racial lines, and the time spent in a gang was generally restricted to one's youth, as former gang members moved into the mainstream blue-collar workforce. Gang violence was more likely to occur because of some chance meeting of rivals; however, some fights were organized as a form of either retaliation or intimidation.
Beginning in the 1980s, gangs in the United States took on a new focus. They were far more violent than in the past, as the primary motive of "turf protection" was replaced with the goal of attaining wealth through control of the illegal drug market. Drug money fueled an urban arms race, and gun violence in American urban centres such as Los Angeles and Chicago became endemic. With the shift of the U.S. economic structure from blue-collar industry to white-collar service professions, the traditional exit path from gang life evaporated. Former youth gang members were now in their 20s and 30s and still participating in gangs. The foundation of youth gangs had transformed from the relatively unstructured, spontaneous group, engaged in random, relatively short-lived forms of violence, to a more organized and structured criminal enterprise.
Coups, rebellions, and revolutions
Some violent collective behaviour is designed to change or overthrow governments. A coup d'état is the forcible removal of a head of government by the society's own armed forces or internal security personnel. In a coup, the military takes action to overthrow the government with little or no involvement by the civilian population. Antagonistic relations between ethnic groups and rivalries within the military and civilian government are typical causes of coups.
A rebellion involves large-scale violence directed against the state by its own civilian population. Rebellions try to change the government or some of its policies but not the society itself. Intense government repression seems to deter rebellion, whereas mild repression tends to stimulate it. Thus, mild repression serves to outrage citizens but leaves them with the resources to organize resistance.
Revolutions can sweep away the old order. Unlike coups and rebellions, revolutions can cause radical changes in the institutions of government and bring about basic changes in society as a whole. The French Revolution destroyed the ancien régime and advanced ideas of social and political equality. The Russian Revolution of 1917 ended the Russian monarchy, introduced communism, and established the Soviet Union. Revolutions often involve collective acts of violence that are deemed justifiable by those who participate in such historic events.
No other concept conjures images of collective violence more clearly than war. A war is a lethal conflict in which one group seeks to impose its will on others through the use of armed aggression and force. Nations go to war for a variety of reasons, including the desire to seize territory and resources, the desire for domination, revenge for past wrongs, preservation of a balance of power, and misperceptions about an adversary's intentions and strength. Wars have been used to solve disputes throughout all of recorded history and remain a prominent feature of relations between nations. War is an example of institutionally organized collective violence. The military often has an organized plan of attack, but spontaneous and unforeseen battles are a by-product of the so-called fog of war.
Terrorism is a form of warfare in which a social movement that opposes the state directs violence toward civilians rather than the military or the police. Terrorist actions include bombing, assassination, kidnapping, hijacking, arson, torture, and mass murder. Terrorists tend to adopt the position that their political or ideological objectives justify the means they employ to achieve them, even if innocent people are harmed.


function of SWNT concentration in the clay suspension.
Figure 1. Optical microscopy images of a clay suspension: (a) before and (b) after hydration; Inset: photograph of the clay suspension after hydration; (c) Optical microscopy image of 800 mg/L single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) dispersed in a 1.12% w/v clay suspension; Inset: photograph of the SWNT dispersion; (d) UV-visible absorption spectra of 400 mg/L (line 1), 600 mg/L (line 2), 800 mg/L (line 3) and 1,000 mg/L (line 4) SWNT dispersed in a 1.12% w/v clay suspension; Inset: UV-vis absorbance at 747 nm as a function of SWNT concentration in the clay suspension.
Nanomaterials 01 00003f1
Figure 2. Rheological studies: (a) Shear stress as a function of shear rate for clay–carbon nanotube (CNT) (diamonds), clay–CNT–chitosan (triangles) and chitosan (squares); (b) thixotropic behavior test, viscosity as a function of time for clay–CNT (blue line), clay–CNT–chitosan (green line) and chitosan (red line). Shear rates in intervals 1, 2 and 3 are 0.01 s−1, 1000 s−1 and 0.01 s−1, respectively; Inset: photographs of clay–CNT suspension (1) and clay–CNT–chitosan (2) after being left undisturbed for one day; (c) Oscillatory amplitude sweep for clay–CNT (diamonds), clay–CNT–chitosan (triangles) and chitosan (squares). Filled and open symbols indicate storage (G′) and loss (G″) modulus, respectively; (d) Loss factor (tan δ = G″/G′) as a function of strain for clay–CNT (diamonds), clay–CNT–chitosan (triangles) and chitosan (squares).
Figure 2. Rheological studies: (a) Shear stress as a function of shear rate for clay–carbon nanotube (CNT) (diamonds), clay–CNT–chitosan (triangles) and chitosan (squares); (b) thixotropic behavior test, viscosity as a function of time for clay–CNT (blue line), clay–CNT–chitosan (green line) and chitosan (red line). Shear rates in intervals 1, 2 and 3 are 0.01 s−1, 1000 s−1 and 0.01 s−1, respectively; Inset: photographs of clay–CNT suspension (1) and clay–CNT–chitosan (2) after being left undisturbed for one day; (c) Oscillatory amplitude sweep for clay–CNT (diamonds), clay–CNT–chitosan (triangles) and chitosan (squares). Filled and open symbols indicate storage (G′) and loss (G″) modulus, respectively; (d) Loss factor (tan δ = G″/G′) as a function of strain for clay–CNT (diamonds), clay–CNT–chitosan (triangles) and chitosan (squares).
Nanomaterials 01 00003f2
Figure 3. (a) Photograph of a typical free standing film (nanotube mass fraction = 0.067) prepared by evaporative casting of a clay–CNT composite dispersion; Inset: scanning electron microscopy image; (b) Resistance versus sample length for films prepared by evaporative casting (squares) and vacuum filtration (buckypaper, circles) under controlled ambient conditions (21 °C, 45% RH). The straight lines are fits to Equation (2); (c) IV characteristics of a typical film prepared by evaporative casting before, and after exposure to humid atmosphere (21 °C, 90% RH) for 15 hours; (d) Current response to a square wave potential (±1 V) of a typical film prepared by evaporative casting before and after exposure to humid atmosphere (21 °C, 90% RH) for 15 hours. The circled areas highlight the non-linear behavior of the current response of the film after exposure to humid atmosphere.
Figure 3. (a) Photograph of a typical free standing film (nanotube mass fraction = 0.067) prepared by evaporative casting of a clay–CNT composite dispersion; Inset: scanning electron microscopy image; (b) Resistance versus sample length for films prepared by evaporative casting (squares) and vacuum filtration (buckypaper, circles) under controlled ambient conditions (21 °C, 45% RH). The straight lines are fits to Equation (2); (c) IV characteristics of a typical film prepared by evaporative casting before, and after exposure to humid atmosphere (21 °C, 90% RH) for 15 hours; (d) Current response to a square wave potential (±1 V) of a typical film prepared by evaporative casting before and after exposure to humid atmosphere (21 °C, 90% RH) for 15 hours. The circled areas highlight the non-linear behavior of the current response of the film after exposure to humid atmosphere.
Nanomaterials 01 00003f3
Figure 4. (a) Photograph of a typical free standing film (nanotube mass fraction = 0.028) prepared by evaporative casting of a clay-CNT-chitosan composite dispersion; Inset: scanning electron microscopy image; (b) Stress–strain curves for typical clay–CNT–chitosan fibers and typical free standing film (nanotube mass fraction = 0.028) prepared by evaporative casting of a clay–CNT–chitosan composite dispersion; (c) Typical film resistance as a function of time during exposure to humid atmosphere (21 °C, 90% RH) for 150 minutes; Inset: current response of the film to a triangular wave potential of during exposure to humid atmosphere; (d) Video images showing the actuatory response of a typical film when exposed to water vapor. Numbers indicate the time lapsed with respect to the first image.
Figure 4. (a) Photograph of a typical free standing film (nanotube mass fraction = 0.028) prepared by evaporative casting of a clay-CNT-chitosan composite dispersion; Inset: scanning electron microscopy image; (b) Stress–strain curves for typical clay–CNT–chitosan fibers and typical free standing film (nanotube mass fraction = 0.028) prepared by evaporative casting of a clay–CNT–chitosan composite dispersion; (c) Typical film resistance as a function of time during exposure to humid atmosphere (21 °C, 90% RH) for 150 minutes; Inset: current response of the film to a triangular wave potential of during exposure to humid atmosphere; (d) Video images showing the actuatory response of a typical film when exposed to water vapor. Numbers indicate the time lapsed with respect to the first image.
Nanomaterials 01 00003f4
Figure 5. (a) Photograph of a typical clay–CNT–chitosan fiber; (b, c) Scanning electron microscopy images of the fiber's surface morphology; (d) Typical fiber resistance as a function of time during exposure to humid atmosphere (21 °C, 90% RH) for 270 minutes.
Figure 5. (a) Photograph of a typical clay–CNT–chitosan fiber; (b, c) Scanning electron microscopy images of the fiber's surface morphology; (d) Typical fiber resistance as a function of time during exposure to humid atmosphere (21 °C, 90% RH) for 270 minutes.
Nanomaterials 01 00003f5
Table 1. Summary of rheology analysis of typical clay–CNT dispersion, clay–CNT–chitosan dispersion and chitosan solution. Bingham yield point (τB) and Bingham flow coefficient (ηB) values were obtained using the Bingham model, over shear rate range 1–100 s−1 (Figure 2a). ηref and ηhigh are the apparent viscosity values at the end of the reference interval (shear rate = 0.01 s−1) and high-shear (shear rate = 1000 s−1) intervals during the thixotropic behavior test (Figure 2b). η30, η60, η120, and η180 indicate the apparent viscosity during the regeneration interval (shear rate = 0.01 s−1) at 30, 60, 120 and 180 s, respectively. Values in square brackets indicate percentage values. τmax and γmax, refer to the maximum shear stress and shear strain of the linear viscoelastic region observed in the amplitude sweep profiles (Figure 2c).
Table 1. Summary of rheology analysis of typical clay–CNT dispersion, clay–CNT–chitosan dispersion and chitosan solution. Bingham yield point (τB) and Bingham flow coefficient (ηB) values were obtained using the Bingham model, over shear rate range 1–100 s−1 (Figure 2a). η


text:
Kindergarten is when schooling typically starts for young children; however, new students could benefit from getting a head start. By providing children with an early education and necessary skills, they will surely have a bright future. The V.P.K. program in Weston, FL, is that head start. A program that gives children an opportunity to enhance pre-reading, pre-math, language, and social skills, those who participate are more likely to be successful in the following years of school. Making the adjustment to going to school can be a challenge for some and the V.P.K. program makes learning fun and will ease the transition to kindergarten, first grade, and beyond that much smoother.
V.P.K. in Weston goes one step further. Taking learning beyond books, the qualified teachers in the program guide children and help the development of strong character traits such as respect, honesty, responsibility, self-control, tolerance, kindness, and citizenship. Bringing together a traditional education as well as life skills, this program gives your child a well-rounded education that will ensure many successful years of school.
The Voluntary Prekindergarten Education Program – V.P.K is a free pre-kindergarten program for four and five-year-olds who reside in Florida. Children must be four years old on or before September 1. Parents can enroll children in this free program or wait until the following year when their child is five.
There are two V.P.K. programs available:
- The school-year program includes 540 hours of instructional time and begins in August.
- The summer program consists of 300 instructional hours and begins in June.
Starting school, being in a new environment, and interacting with other children can be scary if they are shy or haven't gained confidence in themselves. This program offers high literacy standards, developmentally appropriate curriculum, and manageable classroom sizes so that each student gets the attention, guidance, and support they need to be strong readers and excited students.


Getting Better Service Speed Up Your Admin Password Reset Procedure
Speed Up Your Admin Password Reset Procedure
Speed Up Your Admin Password Reset Procedure post thumbnail image
In today's electronic digital group, security passwords are viewed as the first collection of shield in terms of acquiring your account. Specially in relation to Active Directory (AD), which is truly a key authorization procedure employed by firms to authenticate and authorize their consumers, it is important to make certain that passwords are powerful and secure. Regrettably, the desire to reset protection passwords may appear anytime on profile of diverse elements, and AD Password Reset goes to save your day. In this particular article, we will be discussing everything related to AD Password Reset.
1. Precisely what is AD Password Reset?
ad password reset is actually a treatment for shifting/resetting the password from the user's AD account. It might be needed as soon as the user forgets the password, or even the account is certain to get shut on profile of multiple incorrect login endeavors. This process permits the user to reset the password alone without the engagement for any administrator or helpdesk employees.
2. Exactly how does AD Password Reset Task?
Each time a user initiates the AD Password Reset method, the appliance creates a message or SMS possessing a distinctive website website link or tip towards the detailed email address or cellular quantity of the user. The user can authenticate themselves using this method rule then reset their password.
3. Rewards associated with AD Password Reset
AD Password Reset significantly lessens the operate weight within the helpdesk staff members by permitting customers to reset their password alone. This, therefore, will save you time as well as improves efficiency. Furthermore, it raises the safety of the organization's system if you make particular end users reset their safety security passwords routinely, staying away from not permitted entry to fine important information.
4. AD Password Reset Best Practices
-Promote users to make complex passwords that are not easily guessable
-Make certain that the password reset procedure is protected and this the reset weblink or personal computer program code is moved towards the appropriate recent current email address or mobile phone quantity
-Enforce multiple-factor authorization to further improve safety
-Frequently conduct protection comprehending practicing for all shoppers
5. The right way to Apply AD Password Reset
Various options are for sale to transaction to implement AD Password Reset. Selecting the correct solution is determined by aspects like the dimensions of the organization, the quantity of end users, protection needs, and so on. A typical option is personal-guidance password reset software program which gives a secure, programmed, and user-pleasant password reset process.
Verdict:
Active Directory Password Reset is important for creating certain the security of your organization's group, and implementing it is very important make it possible for people to reset their security passwords alone. Companies should abide by absolute best methods to make certain that the procedure is safe, as well as the execution of personal-service password reset software package is advised to acquire automation, straightforward providing, and improved safety. By using AD Password Reset, organizations can boost efficiency, decrease helpdesk workload, and increase the protection because of their neighborhood.
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3D Decoupage Fantasy Fairies
3D cutting is one of the most popular techniques for making cards. 3D images can be combined with a lot of other technniques and materials which creates endless possibilities. Even if you would work with the same images, the creations will never be the same.
The Fantasy Fairys are various 3D elves to use for cards and other decorations. The drawings are not only beautiful but also very fine and detailed. It is a true art to cut them precisely. You can, of course, skip small details if these are too difficult to work with.
1. What you need:
- 3D pictures
- (mini) foamcubes
- 2-sided adhesive tape
- craft knife
2. Cut out all the sizes of one 3D decoupage picture.
3. Lay down the images in the correct order (large to small) and stick the largest image on a card or object with 2-sided adhesive tape.
4. Take the next largest size. Apply one or a few pieces of 3D foam on the back of this picture, remove the protective layers from the foam and stick this image accurately on top of the previous one.
5. Continue in this fashion until the smallest pieces have been glued on.
Decorate the card with different layers of coloured or printed papers and finish it with for example various peel-off stickers.


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Quota costs, billing, and limits usage is billed by org memory quota.
The cost is $130 per GB of memory reserved per month, with no limit except the quota you set.
You set your memory quota in advance. This helps you control the maximum amount that your team will spend, and helps us avoid over-provisioning resources that won't be used.
(Sandboxes offer resource usage for free, but it is capped at 1 GB of RAM.)
Quotas are associated with and billed to a project IAA number or equivalent billing tag. Quotas are billed by the amount of memory reserved and tallied monthly.
What quotas limit
Quotas provide a not-to-exceed reservation of memory, which you set at the amount appropriate to your usage. In the underlying technical system, quotas also limit number of application routes and service instances, but you can request an expansion of those limits at any time.
Quotas limit the following resources:
If a new application push would exceed your organization's quota, the request will fail with status code 400 and a message that describes the limit that would be exceeded.
Creating app APPLICATION in org ORG / space SPACE as USER… FAILED Server error, status code: 400, error code: 100007, message: You have exceeded the instance memory limit for your organization's quota.
In this situation you have three options:
 1. Delete existing resources with cf delete, delete-service, delete-route or similar.
 2. Reconfigure individual existing application quotas and redeploy.
 3. Request a quota change by asking support. You can request an increase in number of routes or service instances with no cost impact. Increasing memory quota changes your costs (as described above).


10 Replies Latest reply on Jan 26, 2017 12:20 PM by philmodjunk
 Move Text with Merge Fields from one place to another?
 steveald
 XPOST - I have to create many layouts in our main database using static formatted text mixed with merge fields. Attached is an example of what three sections (or paragraphs) of this text might look like. The dollar amounts are merge fields which display data that is calculated based on selections made elsewhere within each record. I use merge fields to make the surrounding text move based on how many characters are in the merge field data.

 Normally, I create each layout knowing exactly which sections I want to appear on that page. If there needs to be a handful of combinations of sections, I just create a layout for each one. But I now have a situation where any number of sections (usually between 1 and 8) will need to appear on a page. And there are 32 sections to select from - each with merge field data unique to the record they are found in. Obviously, creating one layout for each possible combination of sections is not realistic.

 So, I thought it would be nice to be able to create a layout where I could drag each required section to it's own place on the layout. Drag and drop between container fields won't work because we are talking about text with merge fields containing data that needs to change based on selections made elsewhere. And I think manually moving text between fields could too easily open up the possibility of errors.

 If it helps, the merge fields (and possibly even the static text) could also be displayed as Edit boxes or something else.

 Thoughts?

 58754416d3af0_ScreenShot2017-01-10at3_26_08PM.jpg.7763bdb4046540ff1d3e342d929cc86e.jpg
 - 1. Re: Move Text with Merge Fields from one place to another?
 philmodjunk
 I have to create many layouts in our main database using static formatted text mixed with merge fields.
 This is your first mistake. While this works and can produce very nice layouts, every time a user wants to change the text, it takes a developer to correct. This is then what I call a "brittle" layout as user driven changes will break the layout and require a developer to "fix".

 I suggest that you replace that layout text with A text field and a calculation field. The contents of the text field would resemble your current block of merge text. The calculation field uses the substitute function to replace the merge field markers with data from your database. This merges the data just like your merge text, but now the basic message can be edited by a user that is not necessarily skilled as a FileMaker developer.

 For your particular problem, the above approach allows you to put such text into records and you can mix and match which records are referenced on a layout in order to allow you to mix and match blocks of text with merged data.
 - 2. Re: Move Text with Merge Fields from one place to another?
 steveald
 Thanks for the reply. Let's see if I understand your suggestions as they apply to my circumstances. I'll try to be as succinct as possible while still providing sufficient detail. I realize my current process isn't the most efficient, but I haven't found a better method that does all I need. Hopefully, I learn a new process from this.
 One important detail is how we use records. Each record in our database represents a single client. Every client can potentially need a document printed from any of the layouts I create. Which means the details seen on the same layouts in each record will likely be different from every other record based on the selections made for that client.

 Thanks to strict government filing regulations, I have to be very careful about the text that gets placed on these layouts to be printed. So, I leave as little control to my end-users as possible. They don't have access to Layout Mode and they don't need to be able to enter any text on their own.

 For most layouts, my end-users can make selections on other screens via radio buttons or drop-down menus which result in specific data appearing in merge fields on layouts which are otherwise static text. A script-driven button takes them to the appropriate layout. They can then print the layout confident that what it says is correct and compliant. That is because, usually, the subject of the layout is one product. Where variations apply, a few unique layouts are created and the script-driven button controls which layout the end-user sees.

 A more complicated scenario I dealt with involved a dozen products, broken down into two groups - any combination of which would need to appear on a layout. So, I created layouts for each possible combination - 1 from the first group and 1 from the second group through 6 from each group. And I put calculation fields like I think you're suggesting on each layout based on those combinations. One calculation field would look to see if the first product in one group should be shown. If so, the calculation was done and the text for the first product would appear in the field. If not, it checked the next product. Calculation fields were created for the product header, body and dollar values in each case since the text formatting for each differed.

 My current scenario involves 3 dozen products which can be shown in any combination and any quantity. Obviously, the above method could be done, but the amount of work involved would be huge. Hence this topic.

 Does that help you better understand specifically what I need?
 - 3. Re: Move Text with Merge Fields from one place to another?
 philmodjunk
 While you may not be able to allow users to edit this text. Using a table with a record for each block of merge text using this type of Text field plus calculation field using Substitute setup will still enable your to do the Mix and Match that you have requested.
 - 4. Re: Move Text with Merge Fields from one place to another?
 siplus
 I immagine:

 - a table of sections having 32 records as per your post;
 - a table of lettertypes which lists the sections to be taken and in which order;
 - a table of letters having just one big text block.

 Each section record contains the text, with placeholders at key positions.

 When you create a new letter of type "B" for a patient, you see that you need blocks 12, 4, 7 and 1 in this order so you fetch them, replace placeholders of type <<patientFullName>> existing in the sections' text with patient/current data and nicely add them to the big text block together with a "¶¶" at the end.

 On the print layout you have a calculation defined as BigTextBlockCalc, = big text block. You can also set tabs for it. Being a calc it can't be modified.

 You only have 1 visible layout in the Letters database and a popover on the patient layout, listing all available letter types in a portal. When you pick one, a new letter for that specific patient will be generated in the letters table. Quite simple.
 - 5. Re: Move Text with Merge Fields from one place to another?
 steveald
 Wow. I'll look over both of your suggestions and see if I can figure out what I need to do. Thanks to both of you.
 - 6. Re: Move Text with Merge Fields from one place to another?
 philmodjunk
 siplus is expanding on the same idea. Not only can you set tab stops on the big block of text field, you can set indents to format the text as well. These are all settings that you can investigate in the Inspector's Appearance tab in the "Paragraph" and "tabs" sections.
 - 7. Re: Move Text with Merge Fields from one place to another?
 steveald
 I'm not finding this anywhere. Does the Substitute function allow the use of a wildcard so that whatever happens to be in the field gets replaced by the replaceString?
 - 8. Re: Move Text with Merge Fields from one place to another?
 siplus
 sure.

 Substitute(.....

 Substitute(

 Substitute (sectiontext; <<FirstName>>; Patient::FirstName); // <-- the first substitute

 <<LastName>>; Patient::LastName)

 ...)
 - 9. Re: Move Text with Merge Fields from one place to another?
 steveald
 I was thinking something along the lines of:

 Case (
 Product 1 > 0 ; Substitute ( Field 1 ; "*" ; "This is the description for Product 1" ) ;
 Product 2 > 0 ; Substitute ( Field 1 ; "*" ; "This is the description for Product 2" ) ;
 Product 3 > 0 ; Substitute ( Field 1 ; "*" ; "This is the description for Product 3" ) ;
 Product 4 > 0 ; Substitute ( Field 1 ; "*" ; "This is the description for Product 4" ) ;
 "" )

 If a User first selects Product 1, then Field 1 would populate with the first line. But, what if, later on, they deselect Product 1 and select Product 4. Somehow the calculation would need to know it should replace whatever is in the field at the time with the new text for Product 4. I assumed that might call for a wildcard.

 Would the Replace function be a better choice in this case?
 - 10. Re: Move Text with Merge Fields from one place to another?
 philmodjunk
 Substitute ( textField ; [ "<<placeholder1>>"


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Abstract 3251: Acute Changes in Bio-reactance Based Non Invasive Cardiac Output Measurements Following Biventricular Pacing Predict Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling at 3 months: A Novel Tool to Guide CRT?
Introduction Non invasive cardiac output monitoring (NICOM) based on bio-reactance is a reliable, portable method for hemodynamic assessment and offers the potential to aid the assessment and the treatment of patients with heart failure. The purpose of our study was to assess to what extent acute changes in NICOM measurements are related to LV reverse remodeling following cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).
Methods In forty-two heart failure patients (age 69 +/− 9 yrs, EF 23 +/− 7%, QRS 154 +/− 12ms, NYHA III/IV- 21/3) acute CO recordings were made using NICOM within 7 days of the implantation and echocardiographic optimization of CRT. NICOM measurements were made by placing four electrodes on the skin surface of each patient's chest allowing beat to beat assessment of CO at baseline (CRT OFF) and during optimized biventricular pacing (CRT ON). All patients underwent echocardiography prior to CRT and after 3 months and response was defined as a >15% reduction in left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV).
Results Response to CRT was seen in 24/42 (57%) patients. There was a significant difference in CO readings within 7 days during CRT ON between responders and non responders (6.23 +/− 1.21 vs 5.19 +/− 0.96 L/min, p<0.01). The mean increase in acute CO between baseline and CRT ON amongst all patients was 36 +/− 33% with significant differences between responders and non responders (54 +/− 35 vs 16 +/− 14%, p<0.01). There was a good correlation between the extent of LVESV reduction at 3 months and the acute change in CO from baseline to CRT ON within 7 days of implant (r=0.47, p<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that a cut off of 20% improvement in CO acutely (AUC 0.91) could predict LV reverse remodeling at 3 months with a sensitivity of 86% (95% CI: 57–98%) and a specificity of 100% (95% CI: 82–100%).
Conclusion: NICOM is a simple method for assessing CO non-invasively and an acute improvement in NICOM recordings following CRT can accurately predict LV reverse remodeling at 3 months. NICOM is safe, reliable and portable and this validation study suggests potential use in the optimization of CRT devices and in the guidance of lead placement at the time of implant. Both these areas deserve further evaluation with NICOM.


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A new study has shown that putting the water-use-efficient and turbo-charged photosynthesis from plants such as agave into woody biomass plants can hedge against high temperatures and low moisture. It can also enable growers to plant dedicated energy crops on marginal land.
A team of researchers including John Cushman, a biochemistry professor at the University of Nevada, Reno; Xiaohan Yang at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); James Hartwell at the University of Liverpool, UK; and Anne Borland at Newcastle University, UK and ORNL are exploring the genetic mechanisms of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) and drought tolerance in desert-adapted plants as a way to improve drought resistance for biofuel crops.
The study is part of a five-year, multi-institutional $14.3 million U.D. Department of Energy (DOE) grant, "Engineering CAM Photosynthetic Machinery into Bioenergy Crops for Biofuels Production in Marginal Environments." The funds are through the DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Genomic Science: Biosystems Design to Enable Next-Generation Biofuels.
The team will develop novel technologies to redesign bioenergy crops to grow on economically marginal agricultural lands and produce yields of biomass that can readily be converted to biofuels. The development of water-use efficient, fast-growing trees such as poplar for such sites will also help reduce competition with food crops for usable farmland according to the research team.
"With climate change predictions for a 7 degree Fahrenheit (3.8 degree C) increase in temperature and a decrease in reliable precipitation patterns by 2080 for much of America's breadbasket, and with a greater need for sources of biofuels for transportation, these biodesign approaches to enhancing biomass production become very important," Cushman, director of the project, said.
The ultimate goal of the project is to significantly improve an energy crop's drought resistance by enabling the crop to adapt to hotter, drier climates. The metabolic mechanisms in species that normally perform photosynthesis during the day (known as C3 photosynthesis) will be altered so the plants can take up carbon dioxide at night, when the potential for water loss is lower. This specialized mechanism of nocturnal photosynthesis is known as CAM.
The pores on plant leaf surfaces open and close at certain times of the day to allow water and carbon dioxide to be exchanged. With CAM, the exchange happens mostly at night, when it is cooler and more humid, and then C3 photosynthesis occurs during the day in a more water-wise manner. CAM species can grow and thrive with about 8 to 16 inches of precipitation a year, far less than the 20 to 40 inches per year required for current biofuel feedstocks.
"In order to identify the optimal 'parts-list' for introducing CAM-like properties into other plants, we will undertake groundbreaking research on a diverse range of plants that use CAM, with the goal of identifying the key genes and proteins required to make this photosynthetic adaptation work efficiently," said James Hartwell, University of Liverpool. The first potential biofuel feedstock studied will be poplar trees.
Should the team achieve success, they hope to use the technology in food crops enabling food to be grown in drier and warmer temperatures. This will address growing concerns about how to feed a growing population in a world where water is predicted to become more scarce.


RGB is an image encoding scheme with three data bands, one for each visible, primary color - red, green, and blue. It is based on the additive color model of the same name. Each band contains cell values which are a measure of that color's contribution to the image. Only by combining all three bands can you get a 'true color' image. Note that some formats allow for a fourth 'alpha' band used to specify areas of transparency. The actual number of colors depends on the precision with which the values are stored - see color depth.
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Plant Creation Wizard
The Plant Creation Wizard can be used to create a new plant
using the appearance of the currently selected plant. This is useful for when
you wish to use an existing plant as a starting point for your own
Note: Due to their complexity, you cannot
currently create custom variations of UltraRes Plants®.
To create a custom plant:
Add the plant that you would like to use to your landscape design. For
instructions, see Adding a Plant.
Modify the color and brightness of the plant as needed. Either adjust the Color and Brightness of the plant, or
edit it using the Realtime
Ensure that the plant is selected.
Click Tools and Plant Creation Wizard.
Click the Next button.
Click the Set File Name button, enter the desired Common Name for
the new plant, and then click the Next button.
Enter the desired information for your plant and then click the Next
button. This information is optional, but it is recommended to accurately enter
the Mature age and Mature height as they affect how the plant is
sized when it is added to your landscape design.
Click the Finish button to complete the wizard.
Your new plant will appear in the Custom category of
the plant library.
you wish to import a 3D plant in 3ds or skp format, use the Model Import Wizard.
Variations of 3D plants can also be added using the Model Creation Wizard.
import a picture of a plant, use the Picture
Custom plants are saved to the following directory:
\Users\user\Documents\Realtime Landscaping Plus version\Custom
is your Windows user name, version is the software version number, and
type is "plant" for 3D plant models, and "plant_picture" for 2D plant
Model Import Wizard
Model Creation Wizard


Jeremy A.
asked • 06/18/21
Please Read Question Below!
A toy cannon uses a spring to project a 5.27-g soft rubber ball. The spring is originally compressed by 4.95 cm and has a force constant of 7.99 N/m. When the cannon is fired, the ball moves 16.0 cm through the horizontal barrel of the cannon, and the barrel exerts a constant friction force of 0.0322 N on the ball.
(a) With what speed does the projectile leave the barrel of the cannon?
(b) At what point does the ball have maximum speed?
_________cm (from its original position)
(c) What is this maximum speed?
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Holt County, Missouri
From Ancestry.com Wiki
|This article is a stub. Help us to expand it by contributing your knowledge. For county page guidelines, visit U.S. County Page Content Suggestions.|
Holt is a county in Missouri. It was formed in 1841 (as Nodaway; renamed 1841) from the following county/ies: Platte Purchase. Holt began keeping birth records in 1883–89, marriage records in 1841, and death records in 1883–89. It began keeping land records in 1841, probate records in 1837, and court records in 1841. For more information, contact the county at 102 W. Nodaway Oregon 64473. On the attached map, Holt is located at B1. Courthouse burned 1965; state census of 1876.
For information about the state of Missouri see Missouri Family History Research.


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Jeanie Johnston Tall Ship & Famine Museum
The Story of a proud Irish Emigrant ShipA step aboard the Jeanie Johnston is a step towards understanding the daunting experience of the millions of people who crossed the Atlantic in tall ships, seeking survival and hope in the "New World" of North America.
This ship is an accurate replica of the original Jeanie Johnston, which sailed between Tralee in Co. Kerry and North America between 1847 and 1855. During that time it carried 2,500 people on the seven week journey – and despite the hardships and risks, no lives were lost on any of its trips.
The replica gives a vivid sense of the challenges faced by emigrants as they fled from poverty and famine and were thrown together with strangers in cramped conditions, braving a 3,000 mile voyage buffeted by gales and harsh seas.
The ship is is docked at Custom House Quay in Dublin's city centre and is OPEN FOR VISITORS with guided tours being conducted daily.
A tour of the re-created Jeanie Johnston enables visitors to see what it was like on board a wooden tall ship during the Famine era. It conveys a deep sense of history and is a memorable experience for all who come on board.


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|When the plants have rooted into the slab and the first side branches
have begun to develop, you change the lamp over to the flowering scheme.
e.g. 12 hours of darkness per day.
You can now give them frequent watering periods.
One watering period every two hours, when the light is on, is optimal.
Ensure you provide for enough drainage water. This must be approx. 15%
of the total water per watering period. This is easy enough to check by
every now and then measuring the drain water of one tray in a measuring
jug. (from one watering period)


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Playgroup and domestic pre-school bathrooms don't have to be boring, institutional places for children. Swiss bathroom
has gone back to its childhood with designer Andreas Dimitriadis to lovingly create FloraKids, a bathroom for children that is fun, safe and happy-making. By literally going down on their knees to discover what an average bathroom must look like to a child, they discovered an intimidating adult-only zone, where the basins are out of reach and the toilet is an edifice of terrifying proportions.
FloraKids makes the bathroom a fun
place to be, where using the toilet is easy and washing hands is a game. The FloraKids basin lies at the heart of the concept, with its beautifully simple flower shape. Its four rounded corners provide ample space for four children to wash their hands or brush their teeth. Basins can be wall-mounted at a variety of heights to suit all ages, and can be fitted with matching brightly coloured cloud-shaped shelves for beakers and toothbrushes.
Learning to use the toilet is a big developmental stage for all children, so Laufen
has deliberately created the most attractive, comfortable WC possible. At 35cm sitting height, the wall-mounted pan is easily accessible even for the smallest child, and features a smooth, rounded shape. The ergonomically designed seat appeals to children of all ages, featuring a subtle back support and a small inside diameter to make potty-training a doddle – there's no need to worry about falling in here! Flexible built-in 'ears' on the sides of the seat give children something extra to hold on to, making them feel super-safe and comfortable. At the front on the inside of the seat a raised area reduces splashing, and all seats are made from easy-to-clean Duraplast.
To make an attractive and bold style statement in the bathroom
, there are two mirror
designs, a large flower and a segmented caterpillar. The caterpillar can be fitted so that the mirrors are arranged at varying heights, making them suitable for children of all heights, and creating a quirky, recognisable caterpillar shape on the wall.
With its bold colours, fun shapes and ergonomic design, FloraKids is the ideal solution for anyone wishing to create a bathroom that's fun and easy for children of all ages to use.
For stockist information call 01530 510007 or visit _URL_


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a stronger urge to eat, mate, and avoid danger. The variables are computed as follows:
where t = time
5 Intention Generator
Figure 5 illustrates the intention generator.
The first check is to see if there is immediate danger of a collision. If an object comes into the collision sensitivity region (a bounding volume around the fish) then the intention I is to avoid a collision. A "timid" fish would have a large sensitivity region whereas a "brave" fish would have a small region.
If there is no collision danger then the neighborhood is searched for predators.. The fear state variable, F, and the most dangerous predator M for which Fm >= Fi, is computed. If the total fear F > fo ( a threshold value 0.1 <= fo <= 0.5) then evasive action must be taken. If the most dangerous predator is not too dangerous (Fm < f1 with f1 > f0) and the fish schools then the school intention is generated, else the escape intention is generated.
If fear is below the threshold then hunger and libido variables are computed. If the larger of the two is greater than some threshold r, (0.0 < r < 0.5) then either the eat or mate intentions are generated.
If there is no action from the above tests then the ambient light and temperature are determined from the perception system. If the fish is content with these values then the intention to wander is generated, else to leave is generated.
After an intention is generated then the fish invokes the perceptual focus mechanism. This focuses on just the external information needed to carry out the generated intention. For example, if the intention is escape, then the positions of obstacles and the most dangerous predator are located and these determine the motion. For example, if the predator is to the left, the constraint don't turn left is generated.
Real fish have a persistence of action. To simulate persistence in action, a single item short term memory is used. For example, if the fish has the intention of eat, and a collision danger is generated, then the current intention is stored and retrieved after the obstacle has been avoided.
The focuser can be parameterized by threshold values to vary the fish character. For example, assume the intention is to eat, and the current target prey distance is lc and the distance to another prey is ln (example a new fish swims into view). Then if lc - ln > threshold the fish will go after the new prey. By varying the threshold from 0.0 to a large number, the predator fish can be very persistent or easily distracted.
5.1 Behavior Routines
After an intention is generated it passes control, and the data from the perception focuser, to a behavior routine. The fish has eight behavior routines: avoiding-static-obstacle, avoiding-fish, eating-food, mating, leaving, wandering-about, escaping, and schooling. The behavior routines then choose the appropriate MC and pass it the right parameters. Look at each of these routines.
avoiding-static-obstacle, avoiding-fish: These operate similarly. Given the relative obstacle position an appropriate MC, e.g. turn-left, is chosen, and the control parameters are computed, subject to other constraints. The avoiding-fish routine treats the other fish as a bounding box moving in a certain direction. Adjusting the size of the bounding box can usually avoid collisions.
eating-food: tests the distance, d, of the food from the fish's mouth. If d >= threshold then a subroutine chasing-target, is invoked. When d < threshold then the subroutine suck-in is invoked. This simulates a vacuum force that is exerted on the target and other nearby objects. This force is added to the other external forces on the nodes. This is how many fish actually eat.
mating: invokes four subroutines
wandering-about: This routine invokes the swim-MC and sends random angles to the turn-MCs.
leaving: This is similar to wandering-about except that the fish moves without turning.
escaping: The fish choose the best MC depending upon the relative position and orientation of the predator
6 Artificial Fish Types
There are currently three types: predators, prey, and pacifists.
Predators do not prey on other predators so they do no predator detection. Also they do not school, escape, or mate (F = L = 0). All they do is avoid collisions and, if hungry, go after prey. A predator chases prey, k, if the cost Ck = dk(1 + B1Sk + B2Ek/pi) is less than some threshold. dk = distance between the mouth of the predator and the center of the prey's body. Sk = 1 if the prey is in a school, else Sk = 0. Ek is the required turning angle. Current values of the parameters are B1 = 0.5 and B2 = 0.2.
Prey fish do not mate. Their main activities are eating and forming schools. The school routine uses rules similar to the Reynolds paper as shown by the set of rules below (collision avoidance is already handled so these look for velocity matching and flock-centering):
test: >= 2 neighbors within one body length to the front?
if the answer = no then find the closest schoolmate in front and speed up towards it
else, if the answer = yes then
test: >= 2 neighbors within one body length to the sides?
if the answer = no then find the closest schoolmate to the sides and turn to it
else, if the answer = yes then
test: swim in generally same direction as the neighbors?
if the answer = no then match velocity with neighbors
else, if the answer = yes then just swim along.
In pacifists, escape and school are deactivated and mate is activated. There is a diversity of fish mating habits but there are three main behaviors:
Nuzzling - the male approaches the female from underneath and nudges her abdomen until she is ready to spawn
Spawning ascent - the female swims rapidly towards the surface pursued by the male and releases gametes at the peak of the ascent.
Courtship dancing - there are two common types:
Looping - the male swims up and down in a loop above and in front of the female
Circling - the male and female circle, as if chasing each other's tail
The author's implemented a mating behavior that does the following sequence of behaviors: looping, circling, spawning ascent, and nuzzling. The male selects a female on the following criteria: a female of the same species is more attractive than a female of a different species (from biology this would have to be so) and closer females are more attractive than ones further away.
Once fish i has selected mate j, it sends a signal to j. There are then three possibilities:
j's intention is not to mate - then i approaches j and follows it around using chasing-target with the center of j's body as the target
j's intention is to mate, but not with i - if i is a male then it performs a looping behavior in front of j. If j is impressed then the courtship sequence continues, else i discontinues looping and looks for another partner. If i is female then it just looks for another partner.
If j intends to mate with i then the courtship sequence begins.
The courtship sequence is as follows:
Looping - the female hovers and bobs her head (by motor control of the pectoral fins) while the male invokes chasing-target at a point in front of the females head (which bobs up and down). The male counts the number of times his mouth reaches the vicinity of the moving point and when a threshold is reached begins the next stage.
Circling - both fish invoke chasing-target on each other's tail.
the spawning ascending routine begins after the female has done a fixed number of turns. The male invokes chasing-target to follow the female.
The female stops and the male does the nuzzling routine for a set number of steps.
After the looping routine the female may be attracted to a larger male fish than the original. At the nuzzling stage, if the male comes in at a wrong angle, the avoiding-fish routine may be invoked, so it turns away and tries again. Also, to allow the fish to approach closely, the sensitivity region is set very small.
7 Conclusion and Computation Costs
They were able to produce 4 wireframe frames per second with 10 fish, 15 food particles and 5 static obstacles on an SGI Indigo2 (with the R4400 cpu - probably 100 mhz).
Life in Computer Graphics
HyperGraph Home page.


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The Importance of a Home Library
In today's fast-paced world, we often find ourselves too busy to take a break and relax. However, having a home library can provide a peaceful escape from the stresses of everyday life. It not only adds value to your home but also helps to create a comfortable and personalized space.
Creating a Home Library on a Budget
Many people assume that creating a home library is an expensive undertaking, but that's not necessarily the case. With a little bit of creativity and resourcefulness, you can create a beautiful and functional home library that is within your budget.
1. Utilize Your Existing Space
You don't need a lot of space to create a home library. You can transform an unused corner of your living room or bedroom into a cozy reading nook. Use a bookshelf or a series of floating shelves to display your favorite books.
2. Shop Secondhand
Don't overlook the potential of secondhand stores and garage sales for finding affordable books and furniture. You can find great deals on used books, bookshelves, chairs, and tables that will fit your budget.
3. DIY Bookshelves
Building your own bookshelves is a great way to save money and add a personal touch to your home library. You can find many DIY tutorials online that show you how to build bookshelves using inexpensive materials like plywood and cinder blocks.
4. Mix and Match
Mixing and matching different styles of furniture can create a unique and eclectic home library. You can combine a modern bookshelf with a vintage armchair or a rustic coffee table with a contemporary reading lamp.
5. Add Personal Touches
Add personal touches to your home library by displaying family photos, artwork, or other decorative items. You can also incorporate plants or flowers to bring a touch of nature into your space.
Tips for Maintaining Your Home Library
Once you've created your home library, it's important to keep it organized and well-maintained. Here are a few tips:
1. Regularly Dust and Clean
Dust your books and shelves regularly to keep them clean and free from dirt and debris. Use a soft cloth or a feather duster to avoid damaging your books.
2. Organize Your Books
Organize your books by genre, author, or color to make it easier to find what you're looking for. You can also use bookends and labels to keep your shelves neat and tidy.
3. Keep Your Space Comfortable
Make sure your home library is a comfortable place to spend time. Add cushions, throws, and pillows to your chairs and sofas. You can also add a rug to create a cozy atmosphere.
4. Use Proper Lighting
Proper lighting is essential for a home library. Use a mix of natural and artificial light to create a comfortable and inviting space. You can use table lamps, floor lamps, or even string lights to add a warm glow to your space.
Creating a home library doesn't have to be an expensive undertaking. With a little bit of creativity and resourcefulness, you can create a beautiful and functional space that you'll love spending time in. Whether you're an avid reader or just looking for a peaceful escape, a home library is the perfect addition to any home.


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World Map / Rwanda Map / Rwanda Independence Day
Rwanda Independence Day
1.When is the Independence Day of Rwanda celebrated?
Rwanda, located in eastern Africa, won its independence from Belgium on July 1, 1962. Since then this day has been observed as its Independence Day in the nation.
2. How is the Independence Day celebrated
The Independence Day is a national holiday in Rwanda. This year Rwanda will celebrate the golden jubilee of its independence as it completes 50 years of its independence on July 1st. While there are many activities planned to mark this special day, Rwanda will be hosting programs of national awareness including the international conference with the theme, Governance and Democracy: an African Perspective, and a health outreach program for poor and destitute, which is being conducted by the Rwanda Defence Forces.
 3. Why is the Independence Day Significant?
Rwanda saw the first European presence, when German Count Von Goetzen visited the country in 1894. However, it was not until 1897 that Germans began establishing their control over Rwanda, and the Kingdom of Burundi to the South. The colony later came to be known as Ruanda-Urundi.
For many years the Germans ruled the country indirectly through the Tutsi King (Tutsi was the elite class consisting mostly of aristocracy). The other major ethnic group was Hutu, who were the working class, primarily farmers.
Like other imperial powers first the Germans, and then the Belgians, who occupied the region around 1916, stirred the ethnic and social differences between the two groups. These differences eventually triggered the ethnic violence in 1959, which led to ouster of Tutsi monarchy in what is present-day Rwanda.
In 1961, in a referendum supervised by the United Nation, Party of the Hutu Emancipation Movement (PARMEHUTU) won an overwhelming majority. The party came to form an interim government, and was granted internal autonomy in January 1962.
Rwanda soon won its complete independence on July 1, 1962 through UN resolution that ended the trusteeship of Belgium (at the end of World War II Ruanda-Urundi had become a United Nation trust territory under Belgian administrative authority at the end of Second World War).
4.What does the national flag represent?
The present flag of Rwanda, which was adopted in 2001, replaces the flag that was adopted in 1961 just before its independence in 1962. The old flag was replaced because of its association with the genocide of 1994.
The new flag comprises of three horizontal bands: topmost is blue, middle is yellow, and lowermost is green. While green and yellow are of equal width, the blue strip is of double size of those two. On top right corner is the sun emitting 24 rays. It is symbolic of unity, new hope and light that clears ignorance and spreads enlightenment.
The blue strip signifies contentment and peace, the yellow symbolizes economic growth, and the green denotes prosperity and progress as the country moves forward.
5.Who wrote the national anthem of Rwanda?
The national anthem of Rwanda, 'Rwanda Nziza', which was adopted in 2001, replaced Rwanda Rwacu, the earlier national anthem which was adopted in 1962. The lyrics of present anthem have been written by Faustin Murigo, and its music was composed by Jean-Bosco Hashakaiman.
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If the sqlite3_vtab_nochange(X) routine is called within the xColumn method of a virtual table, then it might return true if the column is being fetched as part of an UPDATE operation during which the column value will not change. The virtual table implementation can use this hint as permission to substitute a return value that is less expensive to compute and that the corresponding xUpdate method understands as a "no-change" value.
If the xColumn method calls sqlite3_vtab_nochange() and finds that the column is not changed by the UPDATE statement, then the xColumn method can optionally return without setting a result, without calling any of the sqlite3_result_xxxxx() interfaces. In that case, sqlite3_value_nochange(X) will return true for the same column in the xUpdate method.
The sqlite3_vtab_nochange() routine is an optimization. Virtual table implementations should continue to give a correct answer even if the sqlite3_vtab_nochange() interface were to always return false. In the current implementation, the sqlite3_vtab_nochange() interface does always returns false for the enhanced UPDATE FROM statement.
See also lists of Objects, Constants, and Functions.