geocoded results, so you can more easily decide where and how to center a map on the places you geocode. Here's a quick example:
 irb> res = Geokit::Geocoders::GoogleGeocoder.geocode('140 Market St, San Francisco, CA')
 irb> pp res.suggested_bounds
 _USER_=#,
 _USER_=#>
In addition, you can use viewport or country code biasing to make sure the geocoders prefers results within a specific area. Say we wanted to geocode the city of Toledo in Spain. A normal geocoding query would look like this:
 irb> res = Geokit::Geocoders::GoogleGeocoder.geocode('Toledo')
 irb> res.full_address
 => "Toledo, OH, USA"
Not exactly what we were looking for. We know that Toledo is in Spain, so we can tell the Google Geocoder to prefer results from Spain first, and then wander the Toledos of the world. To do that, we have to pass Italy's ccTLD (country code top-level domain) to the :bias option of the geocode method. You can find a comprehensive list of all ccTLDs here:
 irb> res = Geokit::Geocoders::GoogleGeocoder.geocode('Toledo', :bias => 'es')
 irb> res.full_address
 => "Toledo, Toledo, Spain"
Alternatively, we can specify the geocoding bias as a bounding box object. Say we wanted to geocode the Winnetka district in Los Angeles.
 irb> res = Geokit::Geocoders::GoogleGeocoder.geocode('Winnetka')
 irb> res.full_address
 => "Winnetka, IL, USA"
Not it. What we can do is tell the geocoder to return results only from in and around LA.
 irb> la_bounds = Geokit::Geocoders::GoogleGeocoder.geocode('Los Angeles').suggested_bounds
 irb> res = Geokit::Geocoders::GoogleGeocoder.geocode('Winnetka', :bias => la_bounds)
 irb> res.full_address
 => "Winnetka, California, USA"
The Multigeocoder
Multi Geocoder - provides failover for the physical location geocoders, and also IP address geocoders. Its configured by setting Geokit::Geocoders::provider_order, and Geokit::Geocoders::ip_provider_order. You should call the Multi-Geocoder with its :geocode method, supplying one address parameter which is either a real street address, or an ip address. For example:
 Geokit::Geocoders::MultiGeocoder.geocode("900 Sycamore Drive")
Some geocoding services will return multple results if the there isn't one clear result. Geoloc can capture multiple results through its "all" method. Currently only the Google geocoder supports multiple results:
 irb> geo=Geokit::Geocoders::GoogleGeocoder.geocode("900 Sycamore Drive")
 irb> geo.full_address
 => "900 Sycamore Dr, Arkadelphia, AR 71923, USA"
 irb> geo.all.size
 irb> geo.all.each { |e| puts e.full_address }
 900 Sycamore Dr, Arkadelphia, AR 71923, USA
 900 Sycamore Dr, Burkburnett, TX 76354, USA
 900 Sycamore Dr, TN 38361, USA
geo.all is just an array of additional Geolocs, so do what you want with it. If you call.all on a geoloc that doesn't have any additional results, you will get an array of one.
mappable.rb contains the Mappable module, which provides basic distance calculation methods, i.e., calculating the distance between two points.
LatLng is a simple container for latitude and longitude, but it's made more powerful by mixing in the above-mentioned Mappable module -- therefore, you can calculate easily the distance between two LatLng ojbects with distance = first.distance_to(other)
geocoders.rb contains all the geocoder implemenations. All the gercoders inherit from a common base (class Geocoder) and implement the private method do_geocode.
If you would like to write your own geocoders, you can do so by requiring 'geokit' or 'geokit/geocoders.rb' in a new file and subclassing the base class (which is class "Geocoder"). You must then also require such external file back in your main geokit configuration.
 require "geokit"
 module Geokit
 module Geocoders
 # and use :my to specify this geocoder in your list of geocoders.
 class MyGeocoder < Geocoder
 # Use via: Geokit::Geocoders::MyGeocoder.key = 'MY KEY'
 config :key
 def self.do_geocode(address, options = {})
 # Main geocoding method
 def self.parse_json(json)
 # Helper method to parse http response. See geokit/geocoders.rb.


The UniVec Database
UniVec is a database that can be used to quickly identify segments within nucleic acid sequences which may be of vector origin (vector contamination). Screening using UniVec is efficient because a large number of redundant subsequences have been eliminated to create a database that contains only one copy of every unique sequence segment from a large number of vectors.
In addition to vector sequences, UniVec also contains sequences for those adapters, linkers, and primers commonly used in the process of cloning cDNA or genomic DNA. This enables contamination with these oligonucleotide sequences to be found during the vector screen.
UniVec can be obtained from the NCBI FTP directory:
Eliminating the Redundancy from Vector Sequences
Many vectors have the same backbone or share common functional cassettes. Consequently, databases with the full sequence for each vector contain multiple copies of such elements. A single copy of each unique element is sufficient to allow that sequence to be recognized as vector contamination. The size of a database designed for screening can therefore be greatly reduced by eliminating the redundant copies of any sequence (see statistics for the current UniVec build).
The UniVec database is built by sequentially processing each input sequence. The input sequence is first compared to all the sequences already in the database. The location of any segment identical to database sequences is recorded. This information is used to extract only those segments of the input sequence that contain novel sequence. These novel elements are then added to the database. This cycle is repeated for each sequence that is to be represented in the finished database.
Benefits of a Non-Redundant Database for Screening
Elimination of redundant sequence segments reduces UniVec to less than 20% of the size of an equivalent database containing the full sequences for the same set of vectors. This has two major benefits for screening:
 - The computation time required to screen a query sequence is reduced significantly.
 - Analysis of the results is facilitated because redundant hits to multiple copies of the same sequence are largely eliminated.
Most vectors are circular, but their sequences are represented in linear form by opening the sequence at one particular location (the circular junction). Because programs such as BLAST are unable to extend a match across the end/beginning of the linear sequence, contamination with a segment of vector that spans the circular junction may be missed, or its full extent and strength may be underestimated. To circumvent this limitation, a copy of the first 49 bases of the sequence for a circular vector is appended to the end of the sequence before it is processed for addition to UniVec. This "pseudo-circularization" allows matches that span the circular junction to be identified correctly.
Vectors Represented in the UniVec Database
UniVec contains the unique segments, as well as a single copy of each of the shared segments, from all the vector, adapter, linker, and primer sequences that were used to build the database. The sequences used to build the current version of UniVec are listed in the current UniVec representation list.
Screening a query sequence against UniVec will result in the detection of significant contamination with any sequence from the current UniVec representation list. Contamination with vectors not on this list can also be detected if the vector is similar to one of the represented vectors, although in such cases the full extent of the contamination may not be reported.
UniVec will be periodically updated with additional vector sequences.
Send suggestions for additional sequences to include in UniVec to the NCBI Service Desk ( Please give a brief description of the vector or oligonucleotide, indicate where the sequence can be obtained, and provide references to a detailed description if available. Vectors and oligonucleotides that are commonly used for cloning and/or amplification will be given the highest priority for inclusion in future versions of UniVec.
Sources of the Sequences in UniVec
Most of the sequences in UniVec were derived from GenBank entries. In these cases, the parent sequence and annotation (when available) can be obtained from Entrez Nucleotide using the GenBank Accession number.version from the UniVec definition line.
The sequences for some commercial vectors, linkers, adapters, and primers that are not available in GenBank were obtained from company Web sites or product literature. UniVec entries derived from such non-GenBank sequences have a definition line containing an identifier of the form NGBxxxxx.x. The most up-to-date versions of these non-GenBank sequences, and in many cases annotations, can be obtained from the Web site of the company concerned.
Limitations of the UniVec Database
UniVec was built so that every unique sequence of 50 (or fewer) contiguous bases from the input sequences is represented in the database. Longer stretches of sequence are not necessarily represented as one contiguous piece in UniVec. This particular construction places certain limitations on the use of the database and on the interpretation of results from a search against the database.
Searches using UniVec will not indicate the identity of the vector having the strongest match to the query sequence. The full extent of the match to any individual vector will not be apparent because the sequence for most vectors in UniVec is not present as one contiguous piece. The most likely source(s) of vector contamination can be deduced from the cloning history of the sequenced DNA (more details are available in Interpretation of VecScreen Results). If it is necessary to identify the vector that has the best match to the query sequence, a BLAST search should be made using a database that contains a contiguous sequence for each vector, such as the artificial sequences subset of NCBI's nr/nt database.
UniVec should not be used for a search in which the criteria for a significant hit require an alignment of more than 50 bases.
Support Center
Last updated: 2016-07-15T12:17:08-04:00


text:
Computer Program Detail Page
written by Wolfgang Christian
The Two State Nuclear Decay model simulates the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei into other nuclei. In this model, the resultant nuclei are stable and there are no intermediate decay states. Although the decay of a radioactive nucleus (radionuclide) is spontaneous and the time of its decay cannot be predicted, the probability of its decay k is constant and is usually known. The model displays a radioactive sample with N nuclides. Radioactive nuclides are color-coded red and decayed nuclides are color-coded blue. Users can set the number of nuclides N, the decay constant k, and the time interval between measurements before the simulation is run. The simulation counts the number of decay events and stops when there are no radionuclides remaining.
The Two State Nuclear Decay model was developed using the Easy Java Simulations (Ejs) modeling tool. It is distributed as a ready-to-run (compiled) Java archive. Double clicking the ejs_nuclear_TwoStateNuclearDecay.jar file will run the program if Java is installed.
Please note that this resource requires at least version 1.5 of Java.
View the source code document attached to this resource
ComPADRE is beta testing Citation Styles!
Disclaimer: ComPADRE offers citation styles as a guide only. We cannot offer interpretations about citations as this is an automated procedure. Please refer to the style manuals in the Citation Source Information area for clarifications.
Citation Source Information
The APA Style presented is based on information from APA Style.org: Electronic References.
The Chicago Style presented is based on information from Examples of Chicago-Style Documentation.
The MLA Style presented is based on information from the MLA FAQ.
Two State Nuclear Decay Model:
Is Based On Easy Java Simulations Modeling and Authoring Tool
The Easy Java Simulations Modeling and Authoring Tool is needed to explore the computational model used in the Two State Nuclear Decay Model.relation by Wolfgang Christian
Is the Basis For Three State Nuclear Decay Model
Know of another related resource? Login to relate this resource to it.
Is Based On

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Perovskite is a calcium titanium oxide mineral with a chemical composition of CaTiO3. It is named after the Russian mineralogist Lev Perovski (1792–1856). Perovskite is a brown to black mineral with a metallic luster and a vitreous to pearly luster. Perovskite occurs in igneous and metamorphic rocks and in sedimentary rocks as an alteration product of ilmenite. It is an important ore of titanium and a major source of refractory materials.
Some of the emerging trends in the field of perovskite materials include the development of novel synthesis methods, the exploration of new compositions, and the study of their optoelectronic properties.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Opened 11 years ago
Last modified 11 years ago
#6231 new enhancement
Solving a system of equations ignores multiplicities
Reported by: SimonKing Owned by:
Priority: major Milestone: sage-wishlist
Component: symbolics Keywords: multiplicities system of equations
Cc: Merged in:
Authors: Reviewers:
Report Upstream: Work issues:
Branch: Commit:
Dependencies: Stopgaps:
Description (last modified by SimonKing)
A follow-up from _URL_ but different from #6228:
sage: solve((x^2-1)^3==0, x, multiplicities=True)
([x == -1, x == 1], [3, 3])
sage: solve(((x^2-1)^3==0,(x^2-1)^3==0), x, multiplicities=True)
[[x == 1], [x == -1]]
So, at least in this example, we get the correct multiplicities for a single equation, but we don't get any multiplicity when the same equation together with a copy of itself forms a system of equations.
Note that maxima does not seem to help here:
sage: maxima.eval('solve([(x^2-1)^3,(x^2-1)^3],x)')
'[[x=1],[x=-1]]'
sage: maxima.get('multiplicities')
'[]'
What format should the multiplicities be provided in?
 - When one solves a single equation with a single variable, the solutions are given by a simple list. Accordingly, the multiplicities are given as a simple list.
 - When a system of equations in a single variable is given, the solutions are given by a list of lists. So, should the multiplicities be given by a list of lists?
Change History (1)
comment:1 Changed 11 years ago by SimonKing
 - Description modified (diff)
 - Milestone changed from sage-4.0.2 to sage-wishlist
Note: See TracTickets for help on using tickets.


text:
What is MAG
The Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG) is a Council of Governments (COG) that serves as the regional agency for the metropolitan Phoenix area. MAG is the designated Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) for regional planning in the Maricopa region. MAG provides regional planning and policy decisions in areas of transportation, air quality, water quality, and human services. When MAG was formed in 1967, local elected officials recognized the need for long range planning and policy development on a regional scale. They realized that many issues such as transportation and air quality affected residents beyond the borders of their individual jurisdictions. MAG was founded in the spirit of cooperation. MAG members believe that by uniting, they can solve common problems, take an active role in long range regional issues and address concerns that affect all of the communities.
Purpose of MAG
The MAG By-Laws contain an underlying concept for the organization:
"The Maricopa Association of Governments is based on the principle that cities, towns, counties, and Indian Communities, which are closest to the people, should exercise the basic initiative and leadership and should have the primary responsibility for addressing those local problems and needs which require action on an area-wide or regional basis."
The Articles of Incorporation for MAG state that the association was formed to do the following:
- Provide a forum for discussion and study of regional problems of mutual interest to the governments in the region.
- Ensure, through cooperation and the pooling of common resources, maximum efficiency and economy in governmental operations, which will provide every citizen with the utmost value for every dollar.
- Identify and comprehensively plan for the solution of regional problems requiring multi-city, town and county cooperation.
- Facilitate agreements among the governmental units for specific projects or other interrelated developmental actions or for the adoption of common policies with respect to problems that are common to its members.
- Attain the greatest degree of intergovernmental cooperation possible in order to prepare for future growth and development of the region.
In the greater Maricopa County, local government cooperation in the early 1960's resulted in the implementation of the multi-city sewage treatment plant at 91st Avenue. This regional activity occurred prior to federal and state initiatives and incentives for regional planning and cooperation. In 1962, changes in federal policy required more local and state involvement. As a result of changes in the Federal Aid Highway Act, cooperative transportation planning occurred with the creation of the Valley Area Traffic and Transportation Study (VATTS). As part of the federal government decentralization initiatives, federal regions were established to bring federal programs closer to the people and incorporate greater review of federal programs through the Intergovernmental Cooperation Act.
Because of these changing federal policies requiring more local planning and review, and due to the demonstrated success of previous regional efforts, the local governments in Maricopa County formed MAG in 1967 as a nonprofit corporation to act as the vehicle to address areas of common regional interest. At the first meeting of MAG, the consensus of the Regional Council was that the areas of water, air pollution and solid waste disposal were of primary concern. It was also agreed that there was a need for the standardization of building materials and for public works specifications. In addition, the transportation planning efforts begun with VATTS were incorporated into the scope of MAG's work. Several key events in the early history of MAG are outlined below:
- Regional cooperation was encouraged by success of multi-city sewage system in the early 1960s.
- The 1962 Federal Aid Highway Act required regional transportation planning, which resulted in the formation of the Valley Area Traffic and Transportation Area Study (VATTS) on March 12, 1965.
- The 1965 Federal Housing Act Amendments and 1966 Metropolitan Development Act provided legal and financial impetus for a full-fledged regional agency.
- MAG was formed in 1967 by concurrent resolutions from its member agencies to foster regional cooperation and to address regional problems.
- VATTS was incorporated into MAG in 1967.
- Executive Order 70-2 established six Planning Districts in Arizona in 1970.
- MAG designated as the Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) by the governor in 1973.
- MAG designated as the Water Quality Planning Agency by the governor in 1975.
- MAG designated as the Lead Air Quality Planning Agency by the governor in 1978.
- MAG designated as the Solid Waste Planning Agency in 1979.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Once the mince pies have lost their appeal and the turkey is gone the one thing left to remind you of a good Christmas is your real tree. But what to do with it once the festive period is over and the needles are starting to drop? Have no fear as you can recycle your Christmas tree at Ogden Water. Each year Calderdale Countryside Services receive thousands of trees, some that have their roots cut off and others potted. No matter what the state of your tree they can use it.
Trees can be left outside the visitor centre/classroom and then a hardy bunch of volunteers work the trees, removing branches down one side and placing the cut trees into a brash layer surrounding the reservoir. This thick layer adds a dash of colour during January, but has a number of other advantages. The layer prevents anyone from accessing the water – helping to keep people safe while still enjoying the site. It also creates a habitat that is used by birds, mammals insects and plants to breed, grow and develop over the coming year.
Any trees that are donated with roots on are planted around the estate in areas that would benefit from wind protection or in need of thickening up with firs & pines. Trees can be dropped off until the end of January and there are a number of days planned for people to help put the trees out around the reservoir, for more details please email _EMAIL_


text:
Rainier III, Prince of Monaco Biography
(Prince of Monaco from 1949 to 2005)
Birthday: May 31, 1923 (Gemini)
Born In: Monaco
Prince Rainier III, also known as Rainier Louis Henri Maxence Bertrand Grimaldi was the ruler of Monaco for nearly 56 years. He was one of the longest reigning monarchs in European history. Prince Rainier Grimaldi was born in Monte Carlo, Monaco and his parents got divorced when he was a child. He stayed with his mother who was the only child of Louis II of Monaco and the sole successor to the Monegasque throne. After studying in the finest schools of England and Switzerland, he went on to complete his graduation from France and also served during the World War II, fighting against the Nazi occupation. Subsequently, his mother renounced her right to become the princess and after his grandfather's death, he was crowned as His Serene Highness Rainier III, Sovereign Prince of Monaco. After ascending the throne, he worked assiduously and launched initiatives to revive the economy of Monaco which had been weakened since the World War II. He was also responsible for implementing reforms in Monaco's constitution and expanding its economy. Later, he became internationally known due to his fairy-tale marriage with the American movie star, Grace Kelly. But, after Kelly's tragic death in an automobile accident, he buried himself in his work and led a solitary life, refusing to marry again. After fighting a long illness in his old age, he died at the age of 81, and was buried next to his late wife.


Engineering is a way to create!
Learn electronics with your children by building a talking stuffed bear
Allow them to learn that they can. "Everything around you that you call life was made up by people that were no smarter than you…" –Steve Jobs
Togetherbear can be your first electronics project. Start arduino exploration with your children! Discover the absolute basics of how electronics tick together with your child while following a fun children's book storyline. We introduce soldering, programming and putting it all together in an entertaining hand's on Arduino project; all while creating a lasting memory and a keepsake in the form of a talking stuffed animal for you and your child.
Take wires and screws and create the toy you would have bought in the store. Then give it your own voice and keep the knowledge.


Not for the first time and undoubtedly not for the last, the Orthodox Church of Ethiopia is claiming it has the original Ark of the Covenant spoken of in the Bible, and made famous all over again by Indiana Jones. What is new about all this is that the Patriarch of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church says he will be unveiling it for all the world to see soon and very soon. Here is a link to the story
I must confess that I am more than just a tad skeptical that this ark has anything to do with the original ark of the covenant. Why not? Well, lets start with the fact that according to Orthodox tradition the ark was brought to Ethiopia by Menilik I who was supposedly Solomon's son which he had with the Queen of Sheba (who knew?). This claim is not based in any ancient sources known to date prior to the time of Jesus. What the Bible says is that Solomon's son was Rehoboam, and no sexual dalliance, never mind marriage to the Queen of Sheba is mentioned in the Bible. 1 Kngs 10.13 refers to Solomon giving the Queen various goods, in a reciprocity exchange meant to cement a positive relationship between the two peoples. When Solomon is said to have had sexual relationships with foreign women, the text is quite explicit and names the countries from which they came ( 1 Kngs. 11.1ff.) Neither the Queen of Sheba, nor anyone else from Sheba is mentioned.
But besides this fact, there is no good reason whatsoever why any son of Solomon would cart the ark off to Ethiopia. Judea was not under attack by any of the neighboring super powers such as Egypt during the reign of the son of Solomon and the Temple had of course been built in Jerusalem in part to house the ark of the covenant in the first place. Furthermore, the evidence as far as it goes suggests that Sheba (or Saba) was the country known as Yemen on the east side of the Red Sea, not Ethiopia which is on the west side of that sea, though this matter is debated, and some think Saba included territory on both sides of the sea.
Here below you will find a picture of the little shrine in Ethiopia where the ark is now housed.
Stay tuned for more 'revelations', but as my granny once said— "Don't be so open minded that your brains fall out".
More from Beliefnet and our partners


Every bill begins with a brief statement, known as the caption, that describes what the bill proposes to do. This statement can quickly tell an agency if it could be affected by the bill, but should not be used to automatically rule out analyzing the bill.
Two basic forms of captions are used by the Legislature; a brief, often one-line, caption that gives an outline of what the bill proposes, and a full caption that contains all the provisions in the bill and identifies the laws it will amend, change or repeal. Bills with a short caption may have to be read in their entirety in order to determine the possible impacts on an agency. A determination of agency impact can more easily be made from a full caption which presents more information. For example, if an agency is covered by Articles 6.01 through 6.19 of a code and the full caption shows the bill amends Art. 6.17, you will immediately know the bill will have an impact on the agency.
SECTIONS and Sections
Bills are divided into SECTIONS. However, bills also refer to Sections (Sec.) which are parts of the law. Knowing the difference can help to avoid confusion. A SECTION (always capitalized) is part of the bill while a Section, with only the first letter capitalized, is a part of the law the bill would enact or change. A SECTION contains a description of what the Sec. is going to do. SECTIONS are numbered sequentially (SECTION 1, SECTION 2, etc.) Words that might appear after the heading "SECTION 1." could include; "is adopted to read as follows", "is amended to read as follows", "to repeal", etc. In every case, the phrase following the heading of SECTION is an introduction that tells you what the Sec. that follows does. In analyzing a bill, it is important to have an understanding of the difference between Sec. 2 of SECTION 1 and SECTION 2. SECTIONS are part of the bill while Secs. are part of the law itself. The word SECTION and the instructions that follow will not be printed in the law books, but the Sec. and the words that follow it will.
Bills may also be divided into ARTICLES with SECTIONS and Sec. included. This format is usually used on bills that cover more than one subject.
Line and Page
Bills drafted by the Legislative Council are formatted to number every line and every page of the bill. The first page of a bill generally has 24 numbered lines. This system can be used to identify portions of a bill which may present problems or are of special interest rather than trying to refer to a SECTION number. For example, if the problem area is cited as being lines 12 through 20 on page 6 of the bill, there will be no question about which provision is being cited.
This can be helpful when analyzing amendments. If a bill is being amended by replacing or striking the language on line "x" of page "y", you only have to know how to use a line and page citation to quickly determine the impact of the amendment on the bill by placing the change in the proper place. Be aware that committee reports used on the Senate floor are printed in a single-spaced format while all other versions in both chambers are printed in a double-spaced format. Unless you have the single-spaced format, you may still have to refer to the SECTION or Section of the bill to be sure that you have correctly identified a part of the bill.
Editing Features
To make proposed changes in existing law stand out from the rest of the bill, the Legislature uses underlining, bracketing and striking-through.
Underlining, Bracketing and Strike-Through
New language or words being added to a bill are underlined. For example, adding the words "in alternate years" to a sentence that reads "A tax of two dollars per person shall be collected." would result in:
A tax of two dollars per person shall be collected in alternate years.
To remove words or language from a bill, the Legislature uses a system that calls for placing the language to be removed inside brackets and striking-through the individual words. If they wanted to change the phrase "A tax of two dollars per person and three dollars per family shall be collected in alternate years" so as to remove the tax on families, the bill would read:
A tax of two dollars per person [and three dollars per family] shall be collected in alternate years.
If they want the the wording to reflect a tax change from $2 per person to $3 per person, they will use both underlining and bracketing/striking as follows:
A tax of three [two] dollars per person shall be collected in alternative years.
All of these changes together would result in a sentence that looked like this:
A tax of three [two] dollars per person [and three dollars per family] shall be collected in alternate years.
Underlining can be used to add an entirely new provision to a law. Similarly, bracketing and striking-through can be used to remove a complete section from the law and either replace it with a new provision or repeal it entirely.
Other Ways to Show Changes
Underlining, bracketing and striking-through make it possible to quickly see changes to bills. However, if the entire bill or SECTION is being created or repealed, it may simply say the law is "amended by adding Section (a number) to read as follows:" or "is being amended by repealing Section #." In these instances no underlining or strike-through is used.


text:
Summary of Tim Stonor's talk at the World Cities Summit, Singapore, 3rd June 2014
From cities of movement to places of transaction – a new mobility focus for city leaders, planners and everyday users
Key responsibilities for cities
1. Imagining the future of cities and mobility.
2. Designing integrated, people-focused planning to sustain cities.
3. Measuring the social, economic and environmental value created by the movement, interaction and transaction of people.
The fundamental purpose of cities
Cities are for transaction: economic and social transaction. People come to cities to trade. It is why we have cities – they are intensifications of opportunities to trade. The public realm of the city – its network of streets and spaces – is where much of this trade occurs: a "transaction machine" which, like any machine, is more or less efficient depending on how it is engineered. Continue reading From cities of movement to places of transaction


Degrees
Degrees( value )
Degrees( value )
Degrees( value )
Degrees( value )
degrees( value )
Degrees( value )
Description
The Degrees function converts a specified number from radians to degrees. The value argument is an angle measured in radians, which is converted to an approximate angle measured in degrees.
Parameters
Argument Type Definition and Requirements
value
A number representing an angle in radians that should be converted to degrees.
Returns
A number which is the given angle measured in degrees.
Examples
The following query takes 0.5 radians and converts it to degrees:
Value result = await client.Query(
 Degrees(0.5)
);
Console.WriteLine(result);
DoubleV(28.64788975654116)
result, err := client.Query(
 f.Degrees(0.5))
if err != nil {
 fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, err)
} else {
 fmt.Println(result)
}
28.64788975654116
System.out.println(
 client.query(
 Degrees(Value(0.5))
 ).get());
28.64788975654116
client.query(
 q.Degrees(0.5)
)
.then((ret) => console.log(ret))
.catch((err) => console.error('Error: %s', err))
28.64788975654116
result = client.query(
 q.degrees(0.5)
)
print(result)
28.64788975654116
println(Await.result(
 client.query(
 Degrees(0.5)
 ),
 5.seconds
))
28.64788975654116
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text:
- How do I know if my TV is a smart TV?
- What makes a smart TV different from a regular TV?
- How can I turn my old TV into a smart TV?
- What are the disadvantages of a smart TV?
- Do smart TVs have hidden cameras?
- What is the best device to make my TV a Smart TV?
- Can I make my TV a Smart TV?
- Is Netflix free on a smart TV?
- How do I make my TV a Smart TV UK?
- How can I stream to my TV that is not a smart TV?
- Do I need a streaming device if I have a smart TV?
How do I know if my TV is a smart TV?
The easiest way to know if you have a smart TV is to check your remote and menu options for an Apps section.
See if it has apps like Amazon Prime Video, Netflix or Hulu.
Also, see if there is a menu section for network connections such as WiFi or an Ethernet port on the back of the TV..
What makes a smart TV different from a regular TV?
The main difference is that a smart TV can access WiFi and run the apps just like a smartphone where your normal TV can't. A smart TV can access the internet which is the main source of media content like YouTube, Netflix, etc.
How can I turn my old TV into a smart TV?
Note that your old TV needs to have an HDMI port to connect to any smart Android TV boxes. Alternatively, you can also use any HDMI to AV/RCA converter in case your old TV doesn't have an HDMI port. Also, you would need Wi-Fi connectivity at your home.
What are the disadvantages of a smart TV?
Cons of Smart TvsThreat of Cyber attack: Yes it can be hacked. Hackers can easily theft your passwords, confidential data because, you linked your laptops, smart phone to this. … Risk of Crash or Hang like computer: Smart TVs will hang or crash just like your computers. … Loss of Privacy: Yes.More items…•
Do smart TVs have hidden cameras?
Some smart TV's have cameras built into them that uses facial recognition to determine who's watching. Then the TV can automatically put the set on what that person likes to watch. But the FBI says that technology can be used to let hackers watch you through a camera on the television.
What is the best device to make my TV a Smart TV?
Best streamer of 2020: Roku, Apple TV 4K, Fire Stick, Chromecast with Google TV and more comparedBest streamer overall. Roku Streaming Stick Plus. … Chromecast with Google TV. Second-best streamer overall. … Best for Apple fans. Apple TV 4K. … Best budget streamer. Amazon Fire TV Stick Lite. … Best for convenience, wired streaming.
Can I make my TV a Smart TV?
You'll therefore have to make sure you have either a free USB port or a wall socket for the adapter. … These plug into the HDMI port on your TV and add Miracast support, letting you directly mirror the screen on your Android smartphone or cast the screen from a number of apps, including Netflix and VLC Media Player.
Is Netflix free on a smart TV?
If you have a smart TV from LG, Samsung, Sony, Panasonic, Philips, Sharp or Toshiba it is very likely that there will be an Netflix app available on the set's respective app store. … The app will be free to download and install on your connected TV but you will need a subscription.
How do I make my TV a Smart TV UK?
How to connect a smart device to your TVYou will need a spare HDMI slot (or two) on your TV. … Next you'll need a power socket to plug the stick or box into. … Plus you need to have an internet connection. … Once connected you will need to follow the instructions to set up (they're all pretty easy to set up).
How can I stream to my TV that is not a smart TV?
There are lots of different media players available, and here are some of the most popular ones.Amazon Fire TV. The Amazon Fire TV Stick plugs into the back of your TV and lets you download apps like Netflix, BBC iPlayer and Amazon Video. … Google Chromecast. … Apple TV. … Now TV. … Roku. … Games consoles. … PC and Mac.
Do I need a streaming device if I have a smart TV?
As earlier mentioned, a Smart TV has pretty much all of the functionalities of a media streaming device; so ideally, you do not need an extra media streaming device when you have a smart TV.


text:
Overview of action
Action 3.3, Queensland Cycling Action Plan 2017–2019
Investigate technology solutions to reduce crash risk for vulnerable road users, including cyclists.
The Department of Transport and Main Roads is delivering the Cooperative and Automated Vehicle Initiative (CAVI) to help prepare for the arrival of new vehicle technologies with safety, mobility and environmental benefits on Queensland roads. One component of CAVI is the vulnerable road user pilot which is looking at how new technology applications can benefit vulnerable road user safety including bicycle riders.
In conjunction with the iMove vulnerable road user working committee for Queensland, we conducted a series of workshops with stakeholders to explore technology solutions to reduce the risk of accidents for vulnerable road users such as bicycle riders. Nine projects were shortlisted during this process and they participated in a pitch day in April 2019.
As a result of this process, we entered into a project agreement with iMove and the Queensland University of Technology (QUT). The project, to be delivered by QUT, aims to develop a proof of concept system to share critical safety data between vehicles and vulnerable road users. The system is intended to improve driver awareness so they can avoid collisions with people riding bikes that may be visually obscured or overlooked.
If the proof of concept project is successful, our intent is to progress with a future project to test the system with road users and explore incentives that would attract people to use the system.
The QUT project is expected to be complete in March 2021. We are continuing to work with iMove on opportunities for future research and projects that will assist in improving safety of road users.
Department of Transport and Main Roads


text:
Why Recycled Water Could Be Vital for Conflict Zones
"How can recycled water be vital for conflict zones?"
In conflict zones, water can be hard to find. Either infrastructure has been damaged or rationing has been instituted or both. However, if there is local and portable water recycling technology, then water can be supplied and lives saved. This is Why Recycled Water Could Be Vital for Conflict Zones.


The Fresh Loaf
News & Information for Amateur Bakers and Artisan Bread Enthusiasts
How to calculate the percentage of protein in #50 of grain?
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curvesarein's picture
I have seen organic companies that say 14% protein content, others 12%, but how do you figure that? I currently found an organic wheat with no pesticide use or genetically altered, but it says 6 grams of protein for 1/4 cup.
mrfrost's picture
Different types of wheat have different protein levels, usually. Hard red spring wheat is usually said to have the highest protein. There are several types of wheat, red, white, hard, soft, spring, winter; all with varying protein levels.
So you have to know the wheat. Take flourgirl, for instance. She grows her own wheat, so she knows her hard red spring wheat(for example) should have a certain protein level. Even so, the accurate, precise levels have to be determined by taking samples of each crop, and having it scientifically tested.
Hope this is what you are asking. If you are speaking of reading a product nutrition label to determine a precise protein %, you usually can't.
BakerBen's picture
You know one of the two things to calculate Protein % - there are 6 grams of protein in 1/4 cup of this organic flour. If you knew the exact weight of a 1/4 cup of this flour in grams then you could calculate the Protein % for this particular flour. It would be
Protein % = (6g * 100) / (number of grams in 1/4 cup flour)
for example, if a cup of this flour weighed 120 grams then 1/4 cup = 30 g and the formula would yield
Protein % = (6g * 100) / 30g
 = 600g / 30g
 = 20 %
This is the math for this one EXAMPLE.
We know the flour most likely does not have a Protein % = 20 %, so what do you really need to know:
- again what does 1/4 cup of this flour weigh in grams, and
- what is the EXACT - or at least a much more precise - number of grams of protein in 1/4 cup of this flour (e.g. protein in grams to 4 decimal places).
hope this helps.
Chuck's picture
What you really care about is the gluten content. It's quite often true that nearly all the protein in wheat is the two components of gluten ...but not exactly and not always. My personal suggestion is to always ask about "gluten", but be willing to accept "protein" numbers instead if that's all you can get.
The federally mandated "nutrition label" usually will not work, because it's "serving size" is too small so the gluten differences you care about get lost in the roundoff errors. The law apparently wasn't really intended for flour, and isn't very useful to home bakers; it's nice that you can always find that "nutrition label", but in fact it isn't worth very much to you.
Hopefully the miller knows the gluten content (to the nearest tenth of a percent) and will tell you when asked. Otherwise your options are to i) ask other customers (less likely with a local miller) or ii) have a lab analyse it (expensive) or iii) ask the miller for the results of their lab analysis (but they'll probably just tell you to shove it if you're not a large quantity customer like a bakery) or iv) figure out some way to measure the gluten yourself at home (messy, troublesome, and not very accurate).
An alternative is to just buy it anyway, and take it home and see how long it takes for a dough to feel like a rubber ball - you'll figure it out pretty quickly.
Beware that you want a particular value, not just "more is better". It's fairly easy to get too much gluten, which makes great bagels and pizza dough but will probably result in bread that's too "chewy".
Chuck's picture
it says 6 grams of protein for 1/4 cup
This sounds to me like the equivalent of a "nutrition label", so inexact as to be pretty much useless. A "cup" can be anywhere from 105 to 150 grams. And the amount of "protein" can be anywhere from 5.5 to 6.5, all of which will be legitimately rounded off to 6.
Depending on which values I choose, protein content could be anywhere from 14% to 21%. That's a huge difference when only about 1% separates the typically available King Arthur "All Purpose" and "Bread" flour lines.
In any case (unless a very significant portion of this "protein" is not gluten), this flour seems to me to have much too high a gluten content to make decent bread by itself. It would need to be mixed with some other flour with a much lower gluten content. What does the miller advise? What do other customers do?
curvesarein's picture
curvesarein has organic wheat kernal,- hard red wheat with 1/4 cup (46 grams) with 6 grams peotein, Hubby says you take the 6 grams and divide by 46 which gives you 13%. Does this make sense?
INGREDIENTS: Organic Hard Red Wheat Berries.
Nutrition Facts
Serving Size: 1/4 cup (46 g)
Servings per Container: About 493 (50 lb. size)
Servings per Container: About 246 (25 lb. size)
Servings per Container: About 49 (5 lb. size)
Nutrient Amount %DV
Calories 150
Calories from Fat 5
Total Fat 0.5 g 1%
Trans Fat -- g
Sodium 0 mg 0%
Total Carbohydrate 33 g 11%
Dietary Fiber 6 g 24%
Protein 6 g
Iron 10%
Chuck's picture
take the 6 grams and divide by 6 which gives you 13%. Does this make sense?
Sorta. It's misstated. And I still disagree.
It should be 46 divided by 6 (not 6 divided by 6).
And I still think the serving size is small enough to allow the "rounding error" to make this number not all that useful. Since the reported "6 grams" could really have been anything from "5.5 grams" to "6.5 grams" before rounding, even with your more exact definition of what "1/4 cup" is (i.e. 46 grams), my calculations give a protein content range of 11.9% - 14.1% ...and that's a fairly big difference.
 I'm talking wheat kernal, not flour,
 I may be courting a "stoopid award" here, but: I personally suspect it may not make much difference. If the kernels have that much protein, and you have to grind them into flour to make bread, then the flour is likely to have about that much protein too.
 (Of course if you have some way to closely control the grind and produce either "white flour" or "whole wheat flour", the resulting gluten content may be significantly different from the kernels you started with.)
 curvesarein's picture
 Weigh 1/4 cup of the wheat.
 Divide 6g by the weight in grams of 1/4 cup of wheat and multiply by 100.
 The result will be the percentage of protein in the wheat.
 Chuck's picture
 Here the math is correct, but failing to allow for "rounding error" puts it in the context of misleading at best.
 (In my experience, Yahoo Answers is quite often off the reservation:-)
 curvesarein's picture
 I guess I will play ignorant like I did in the 80's when I bought wheat from the mormons. I asked no questions and just bought and baked. So the real criteria is if when I grind it and make bread what the bread come out like! :) I always hated math and failed algebra. That was a typo, I corrected a few minutes later on the 46 grams.
 flourgirl51's picture
 When farmers sell their grain to the mill they have the option for it to be tested for protein levels. The higher the protein level, the more that they get for their grain if they choose to get it tested. After the wheat is sold to the mills, many times the low protein and high protein wheats are blended together to make a medium level flour as it is not easy to get a high protein crop and low protein wheat is more prevalent.
 We grow our own certified organic wheat and have the protein tested in each load of wheat that we grow. There are many variables in obtaining high protein wheat such as the variety of wheat grown, growing conditions and the amount of nitrogen in the soil as that is key to getting a good crop of high protein wheat.
 We are also a certified seed dealer and our wheat is tested by State labs for various things including protein levels and we have been fortunate to have good protein levels so far.
 There are other variables as to how your bread will turn out. Every baker treats the handling of the dough differently. People that don't measure the temp. of their liquids when using yeast can easily kill the yeast if the liquids are too warm. If the salt comes in direct contact with the yeast that can also


text:
In 1959, C.P. Snow raised a âtwo culturesâ challenge - a persistent split between sciences and the humanities, later between engineering and the humanities, in our society, educational system and intellectual life. And to some extent, the author believes, the Element Process Safety Culture
was intended by CCPS to face a similar challenge. The author argues, however, that CCPS, industry and companies should go further to pursue RBPS Core Value & Process Safety Cultural Communication(PSCC), both of which would function together as an ethical dimension in context of which messaging and communication between leadership and process safety professionals could be dramatically improved. In another words, âtraditionalâ messaging and communication activities between leadership and professionals could be, and shall be, broadened to a constitutional (and epistemological) map (roadmap) of PSCC & engineering practice, within which some new essential categories of engineering practice would be identified probably the first time in mankindâs engineering history and found relevant to the future evolving of Code of Ethics of AIChE.
The authorâs conclusion: CCPS, industry & companies should initiate a public debate on the constitutional map of PSCC & engineering practice; and, epistemologically, chemical engineers should play a leading role in the debate, in pursuing the roadmap to bridging engineering to the humanities, and in putting more trust in mankindâs âvalues and beliefsâ (i.e. in God) rather than solely in instrumental rationality.


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"Yo soy Guatemalteco". Postmemory and identity of students in Quetzaltenango, Guatemala.
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This thesis is about students of the public university of Guatemala in one of its campuses in the second largest city of the country, Quetzaltenango. Guatemala suffered a 36-year long civil war, during which a genocide was committed upon the indigenous people of the country. The civil war left its mark on the society of Guatemala, concluding its memory. Guatemala is currently in an era of commemoration, however an institutionalized forgetfulness is implemented by the government. The students of San Carlos university are affected by memory of earlier generations and cultural memory, only how? In this thesis I state that the student have "postmemory": memory of the second or third generations about events, that were so traumatic so that the (in this case) students find it necessary to constitute memory in their own right. The main question within this research is "how does the postmemory of the civil war affect the identity of students of San Carlos university in Quetzaltenango, Guatemala?" In answering this question I will link postmemory to identity and furthermore politics.


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How do I create a menu/brochure for a salon with 3 columns, where the price will be next to the description but right-aligned?
I think there has to be be a better way than hitting the Space bar to get it to the right!
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3 Answers 3
up vote 2 down vote accepted
If you've got tabular data (which it sounds like you do), using a table is perfectly appropriate.
The other way is with tabs. Show the ruler by hitting command-R (if it's not already visible). You should see triangles denoting the margins of the page. Click anywhere in the ruler to create a tab stop. Create some more. By default, tab stops are left-aligning, but if you double-click on an existing tab stop you cycle through center-aligning, right-aligning, and decimal-aligning (useful for lining up numbers like $100.10 and $100.).
Once you've got your tabs, start entering some text, with tabs where appropriate. If you want to adjust the tab stops, make sure to select the text it applies to first.
If you want to get really smart, once you've got everything set up exactly the way you like, you'll create a style. Hit command-shift-T to show the styles drawer (if it's not already visible), and click the + at the bottom of the drawer. Create a new paragraph style and call it whatever you want. Then you can apply it consistently to new text in the document.
Using columns to do this is possible but awkward. Using spaces is a bad idea because the text will never line up right—plus it's a PITA.
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The way I usually handle this sort of problem is to put all of the information in a 3 column table but hide all of the cell borders. This gives plenty of control over the formatting of each of the columns.
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Creating a 3 column was already done. But I'm having problem with putting the price on each column to the right of the description. Probably using table is the way to go. Thanks. – Saxman Jul 20 '11 at 17:36
I missed this before, but if you've already got a column for the numbers, you can just make the whole column right-aligned. Select the column, and then in the menubar select Format:Text:Align Right – Adam Rice Aug 19 '11 at 14:16
Well to use a table is one option but there are some more elegant solutions which are built right into the Pages.
In the "Template Chooser" you can find many 3 column layouts which you could in principle take and modify and finish with that.
Or you could do it all by yourself here is how: You open a blank page (preferably in landscape mode) and open the inspector. In the Layout tab you can create as many columns as you wish. This can also be done with a toolbar icon which is usually not present by default and create equally spaced 2, 3 and 4 columns.
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text:
Also in NHS Grampian Health and Care Framework: Health Services Fit For the Future:
Background to the Health and Care Framework
NHS Grampian aims to ensure that care is provided at the right time, by the right person and in the right place which is high quality, effective, efficient, sustainable and affordable.
- Helping people to maintain good health, and protect against and prevent ill-health.
- Care being available closer to people's homes and away from specialist hospitals where possible.
- Care being delivered by staff with the appropriate level of skills, training and experience across a range of professions.
- Radical changes and difficult choices will need to be made.
In order to ensure our services and staff are all focussed and working to the same objectives, NHS Grampian produces the Grampian Health Plan.
As part of the development of the Grampian Health Plan for 2010-13, staff, the public and partners told us that:
- They supported NHS Grampian's aims, values and priorities.
- They want more detail about what this will mean in practice.
- The way services are currently provided is unlikely to be sustainable in the future because of the many challenges ahead.
NHS Grampian is facing a number of challenges. The main challenges include:
- A growing elderly population who are more likely to have more than one long term condition.
- New technology and treatments which will continue to be developed.
- The global financial situation which will mean there is less money available than in previous years.
- High expectations about what should be delivered.
- The requirement to deliver national policy and targets.
Why do we need a Health and Care Framework?
The purpose of the Health and Care Framework is to provide greater detail and direction, based on the strategy set out in the Grampian Health Plan 2010-13.
What will the Health and Care Framework look like?
The Health and Care Framework will have three main parts which will:
- Describe how health and care in the future will be safe, effective and sustainable, which meets future population needs and is delivered within available resources - the Health and Care Model.
- Set out detailed plans to deliver the agreed model.
- Guide services and the organisation in allocating resources and making decisions based on the model of care.
What difference will it make?
- Services will collectively focus on the key priorities for health and care.
- We will be clearer about where we need to focus our resources such as staff, property and equipment.
- We will set out clear improvement areas (outcomes) which will focus on health and healthcare needs, evidence of effectiveness and available resources.
- We will better manage current and future challenges.
- Care will be delivered at the right time, by the right person and in the right place.
When will the Health and Care Framework be developed?
The proposed Health and Care Model and an update on the resource allocation and decision making framework will be submitted to the Grampian NHS Board in April 2011.
Following approval by the Board, we will develop and consult on an action plan to support the implementation of the agreed model. The final action plan will then be submitted to the Board for approval in October 2011.
How will it be developed?
We understand that it is important to develop the Health and Care Framework jointly with staff, members of the public and our partners.
A number of existing groups have been identified to inform the development of the different parts of the Health and Care Framework. These groups involve staff, the public and partner organisations.
In addition, a number of pathfinder projects have been identified. The pathfinders
have been chosen as part of the Health and Care Framework to look at different services and communities in detail, and to identify the health and care needs for these specific groups, for example, older people, children and young families, and local communities.
All of the information from the pathfinders will be collated with all of the other feedback in order to build the Health and Care Framework.
How can I get involved?
There are a number of ways in which you can get involved:
- Become involved in one of the pathfinder projects
- Join the virtual forum, where we will e-mail questions and documents to get your views.
- Give your views via the formal consultation process.
We will also keep staff, members of the public and partners informed and up-to-date on developments by:
- Distributing newsletters at key stages.
- Placing regular updates on this website.
If you would like to be involved, please e-mail _EMAIL_ or call 01224 558584.


text:
Although the city's name has always been pronounced Kolkata or Kôlikata in Bengali, the anglicised form Calcutta was the official name until 2001, when it was changed to Kolkata in order to match Bengali pronunciation.
Is Calcutta now called Mumbai?
Mumbai (Marathi: मुंबई), from Bombay, renamed in 1995. Kochi (Malayalam: കൊച്ചി), from Cochin, respelled in 1996. Chennai (Tamil: சென்னை), from Madras, renamed in 1996. Kolkata (Bengali: কলকাতা), from Calcutta, respelled in 2001.
Why did Bombay change its name?
The city's official name change, to Mumbai from Bombay happened when regional political party Shiv Sena came into power in 1995. The Shiv Sena saw Bombay as a legacy of British colonialism and wanted the city's name to reflect its Maratha heritage, hence renaming it to pay tribute to the goddess Mumbadevi.
How did Kolkata get its name?
The city's former name, Calcutta, is an Anglicized version of the Bengali name Kalikata. … According to some, Kalikata is derived from the Bengali word Kalikshetra, meaning "Ground of (the goddess) Kali." Some say the city's name derives from the location of its original settlement on the bank of a canal (khal).
Why was Bombay changed to Mumbai?
When the right-wing Hindu nationalist party Shiv Sena came to power they ordered the name change. This was because Bombay was associated with the British Raj or Empire – and it was viewed it has a unwanted legacy of the colonial period.
Is Kolkata a dead city?
In 1985, prime minister Rajiv Gandhi dubbed Kolkata a "dying city" in light of its socio-political woes. … The city is also experiencing marked growth in its manufacturing base.
Is Kolkata a poor city?
Calcutta is unique among Indian cities. Not for its poverty and destitution, although it has become world famous for that. It is unique because alone of all the cities in the vast Indian sub-continent it has an underground railway. There is only one line about 10 miles long with 16 stations.
Which is the dirtiest city in the India?
Top ten dirtiest cities in Indian in 2020
- East Delhi.
- North Delhi.
Who named Mumbai?
The name Mumbai is derived from Mumbā or Mahā-Ambā—the name of the patron goddess (kuladevata) Mumbadevi of the native Koli community— and ā'ī meaning "mother" in the Marathi language, which is the mother tongue of the Koli people and the official language of Maharashtra.
Is Kolkata bigger than Delhi?
The 2001 Indian Census placed the Delhi urban agglomeration (UA) population of 12.9 million third behind the Greater Mumbai UA (16.4 million) and the Kolkata UA (13.2 million). … There are 384 UAs in India.
Is Kolkata safe?
Kolkata, the 'cultural capital of India' has been announced as the safest city for women in the country. The latest data of the National Crime Record Board (NCRB) reveals that Kolkata has topped the list of 19 Indian cities considered safe for women. This is good news for all and especially for solo women travellers.
Who is the king of Mumbai?
King Bhimdev founded his kingdom in the region in the late 13th century and established his capital in Mahikawati (present day Mahim). He belonged to either the Yadava dynasty of Devagiri in Maharashtra or the Anahilavada dynasty of Gujarat.
What is the 5 name of India?
India is known by many names – Jambudweepa, Al-Hind, Hindustan, Tenjiku, Aryavarta, and Bharat.
What is India's full name?
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia.
|Republic of India Bhārat Gaṇarājya (see other local names)|


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2-way humidity control works by continually responding and adjusting to the outside temperature and climate by either adding or removing humidity as needed to maintain a predetermined level of relative humidity (RH) inside of packages and containers. Maintaining an ideal and constant relative humidity means your product won't lose or gain any moisture. Instead, it'll be maintained at its ideal moisture level throughout its intended shelf-life and/or usage-life. Furthermore, it'll never encounter any moisture fluctuations along the way.
Accuracy to (+/-) 1% by responding to temperature & climate changes
The Humidipak is different than all other technologies. Any product or material placed into a container with a Humidipak inside will be kept at the desired humidity level, +/- 1%. If the humidity in the chamber falls below the desired level, water-vapor will pass into the chamber to restore the humidity. Also, if the humidity is greater than the desired level, the Humidipak will absorb enough of the excess moisture to restore the desired humidity.
Patent-protected technology
Humidipak's 2-way humidity control technology has been awarded several broad-based patents, both U.S. and International, in the field of non-electronic control of relative humidity within enclosed containers and packages. The patented technology is referred to as Humidipak.
Natural, safe and environmentally friendly
The foundation of the technology is based on a property well known to physical chemists. It combines the formulation of a saturated solution of a soluble substance designed to maintain a specific level of relative humidity. The product consists of a gelled, saturated solution that is filled into a pouch (or other form) with very high water-vapor transmission permeability but does not allow liquid-water to pass through or leak into the container.
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Similarly, the counter is initialized to zero just once when the companion object is created.
We specify that whenever we create a new object of type Customer, we increment the companion object's createdInstanceCount variable by one, then copy its new value in the customer object's instance variable number.
The Customer class and its companion object are "friends" and have access to each other's private members.
As noted, companion objects are singleton objects. More generally, we can say that all of Scala's singleton objects are either:
 1. companion objects, which share a name with a class defined in the same file; or
 2. standalone objects, which have no class as a companion but serve some other purpose in the program.
Nearly all the singleton objects that you've seen in O1 so far have been standalone objects.
For an additional example of a companion object, take a look at StarCoords.scala in the Stars module.
Methods in a companion object
You can define methods on a companion object just as you can define methods on any singleton. Just to illustrate the point, let's add a method to our companion object:
object Customer:
 private var createdInstanceCount = 0
 def printCount() =
 println("So far, " + this.createdInstanceCount + " customer objects have been created.")
end Customer
Now we can write Customer.printCount() to print out the report.
The type of a companion
As noted, a companion object isn't an instance of the class whose companion it is and doesn't have the data type defined by that class.
Like other singleton objects (Chapter 2.3), each companion object has its own data type that isn't shared by any other object. The REPL session below illustrates the difference between the types of Customer instances and the Customer companion object.
Customer("Eugenia Enkeli")res3: Customer = #1 Eugenia Enkeli
Customer("Teija Tonkeli")res4: Customer = #2 Teija Tonkeli
Customerres5: Customer.type = Customer$@185ea23
Customer is the type of all the instances of class Customer.
Customer.type is the type of class Customer's companion object (and no other object).
static?
To readers who have previously programmed in Java or related languages: the variables and methods that are defined as static in those languages are often defined in singleton objects (and companion objects especially) in Scala. In Scala, you have no need for (and the language does not provide) a static modifier.
Uses for companion objects
An instance counter for a class is a classic introductory example that serves to clarify the basic concept of a companion object. Here are a couple of other uses for companion objects that are more common in practice:
 1. Constants: a companion object is a nice place for storing constants. Many constants pertain to a class in general and are not instance-specific. For example, the StarCoords companion object defines the constants MinValue and MaxValue that represent the edges of the coordinate system (-1.0 and +1.0).
 2. Auxiliary functions: Sometimes, you'll want to define a function that's associated with a class but isn't a method on the class's instances. In such cases, you can write the function as a method on the class's companion object. The companion object will then serve as a convenient place for keeping auxiliary functions that are related to the class. Those functions may be public or — if intended to be used by the class alone — private.
It's never absolutely necessary to define a companion object, in the sense that one couldn't make a program work without one. But for the above use cases, companions provide a nice, clean solution. Many classes in the Scala API have a companion object.
Bonus Material
The remaining topics in this chapter aren't important for O1 or indeed for learning to program in general, but they are occasionally useful when programming in Scala.
Using a singleton object as a package
Scala lets us import methods — and variables, too — from an object. Let's try it:
object toolkit:
 def sumOfThree(a: Int, b: Int, c: Int) = a + b + c
 val Greeting = "Ave!"// defined object toolkit
import toolkit.*
That imports the contents of the toolkit singleton. With that done, we can access those methods and variables without mentioning the object's name, as shown below.
sumOfThree(100,10,1)res6: Int = 111
Greetingres7: String = Ave!
Now the sumOfThree call, for example, doesn't look like we're calling a singleton object's method. We invoke sumOfThree as if no target object was involved at all.
Every now and then, you may find it convenient to define such a "package-like" singleton object, which is meant to be imported from and which contains an assortment of methods that are more or less related to each other and .
println, readLine, and "package-like" objects in the Scala API
The familiar println function is actually a method on a singleton object named Predef. This one particular object has an elevated status in Scala: its methods can be called in any Scala program without an import and without an explicit reference to the object.
As for readLine, you learned to use it in Chapter 2.7 by first importing scala.io.StdIn.*. As you did that, you essentially used a singleton object named StdIn as a "package-like object".
importing just about anywhere
In the ebook's examples, we have generally placed any import statements at the top of the Scala file. This is a common practice.
Scala also lets you import locally within a particular class or object or even an individual method:
import myPackage1.*
class X:
 import myPackage2.*
 def myMethodA =
 // Here, you can use myPackage1 and myPackage2.
 def myMethodB =
 import myPackage3.*
 // Here, you can use myPackage1, myPackage2, and myPackage3.
end X
class Y:
 // Here, you can use myPackage1 only.
end Y
Such local imports sometimes make code easier to read.
importing from an instance
As noted above, you can use a singleton object like a package and import its methods. As a matter of fact, you can even do the same to an instance of a class, if you're so minded.
class Human(val name: String):
 val isMortal = true
 def greeting = "Hi, I'm " + this.name// defined class Human
val soccy = Human("Socrates")soccy: Human = Human@1bd0b5e
import soccy.*greetingres8: String = Hi, I'm Socrates
The last command issued above is actually a shorthand for soccy.greeting.
In most cases importing from instances like this is liable to make your code harder to read.
Object creation in Scala and the new keyword
This box contains some further details concerning how instantiation works behind the scenes in Scala. Feel free to skip this box entirely, but you could take a look in case you happen to be interested in this topic or if you happen to know the new keyword from some other language and are wondering about whether you need it in Scala, too.
In some other programming languages, the new keyword is routinely used for creating objects. For example, if we had a class Animal, we'd instantiate it like so:
new Animal("llama")
But in Scala, we're used to writing this shorter command instead:
Animal("llama")
As it happens, the first command with new also works in Scala, and new is one of Scala's reserved words. The meaning of the word is to instantiate a class to produce a new object. However, we don't (almost ever) need to write new in our Scala code. Why not?
Behind the scenes, Scala works as follows. Let's say you've written this code:
class Animal(val species: String)
That defines a class for you, but what it also does, implicitly, is define a companion object for the class and an apply method on that companion object. That companion looks like this:
object Animal:
 def apply(species: String) = new Animal(species)
The generated object has an apply method that corresponds to the class's constructor parameters. Internally, the apply method instantiates the class using the new keyword.
That auto-generated companion object does not show up in the code you write but exists just the same. If it didn't exist, we'd need to write new Animal(...) to instantiate class Animal. The companion and its apply method mean that Animal.apply(...) and Animal(...) work equally well. The latter is the simplest and most common way to instantiate a class. (That holds from Scala's version 3 onwards. In older language versions, it was much more common to type new.) Some more information: Universal Apply Methods.
One further detail: Such an auto-generated apply method has one more word in front of def. That word, inline, isn't strictly necessary here but it does improve the code's runtime efficiency. An inlined method doesn't get allocated a frame on the call


A Note on Fibonacci Sequences of Random Variables
Authors
 - Ismihan Bayramoğlu Izmir University of Economics
DOI:
_URL_
Keywords:
Random variable, Distribution function, Probability density function, Sequence of random variables
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to introduce and investigate the newrandom sequence in the form{X0, X1, Xn = Xn−2 +Xn−1, n = 2, 3, ..˙} , referred to as Fibonacci Sequence of Random Variables (FSRV). The initial random variables X0 and X1 are assumed to be absolutely continuous with joint probability density function (pdf) fX0,X1 . The FSRV is completely determined by X0 and X1 and the members of Fibonacci sequence F ≡ {0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, ...}. We examine the distributional and limit properties of the random sequence Xn, n = 0, 1, 2, ... .
References
L. E. DICKSON (1966). History of the Theory of Numbers. Chelsea Publishing Company, New York.
W. FELLER (1971). An Introduction to Probability Theory and Its Applications. John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, London, Sydney.
B. GNEDENKO (1978). The Theory of Probability. Mir Publishers, Moscow.
S. ROSS (2016). A First Course in Probability. Prentice-Hall Inc, New Jersey.
A. SKOROKHOD (2005). Basic Principles and Applications of Probability Theory. Springer, Berlin.
Downloads
Published
2022-07-12
How to Cite
Bayramoğlu, I. (2022). A Note on Fibonacci Sequences of Random Variables. Statistica, 82(1), 41–55. _URL_
Issue
Section
Articles


Study mode:Full-time Languages: English Duration:48 months
Local:$ 12.4k / program Foreign:$ 21.3k / program
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Ph.D. programs include:
* Accounting
* Accounting Information Systems
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* Finance
* Information Technology
* International Business
* Marketing Science
* Operations Research
* Organization Management
* Science, Technology, and Management
* Supply Chain Management
* Stochastic Calculus for Finance
* Entrepreneurship
* Marketing Models
* Info Systems Security
* Accounting Research
* Qualitative Methods
* Electronic Commerce
* Advanced Econometrics
* GMAT or GRE General
* All applicants are required to write a personal statement of 300-500 words detailing academic, career, and personal objectives, which will be read by professors in the appropriate field. The essay should explain why you wish to enroll at Rutgers, describe your qualifications, and identify special interest areas of study.
English Language Requirements
IELTS band: 6.5 TOEFL paper-based test score : 550
Full-time students are eligible to apply for a financial-assistance package which is renewable for a total of four years.
The four-year package consists of a teaching assistantship together with an offer of part-time summer employment paying at least $4,200 each summer.
Teaching assistantships carry tuition remission and generous health benefits. We also provide some support (usually very limited) for student research, as well as some opportunities to compete for additional scholarship funds.
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1 killed, 4 hurt as elephants run amok in Mysore
One person was killed and four injured when a wild elephant ran amok in the city this morning damaging vehicles and shops.
It all began when people woke up to noises of animals only to find a herd of wild jumbos enter the Bannimantapa area.
Three elephants, including a female, entered the city running amok and causing damage to shops and vehicles parked on the roadside.
A male elephant, which entered a shopping complex, killed 55-year-old Renuka Prasad, working as a security guard before rushing out.
Ater running a few kilometers through the city roads, one of the elephants entered the Sayaji Rao Road and, later, the Maharani's College.
However, the college was yet to open its gates. It moved towards the Deputy Commissioner Office when forest officials tried to tranquilise the elephant. However, the shots missed the animal.
Later, the wild elephant went to JSS Women's College compound where forest officials tried hard to control it.
Eyewitness accounts said the herd was first sighted by people on the outskirts of the city on the Mysore-Bangalore highway.
Later, entering Bannimantap. a male elephant ran amok in the streets damaging property and vehicles and killing a bullock.
The damage would be assessed only after driving the pachyderms back to the forest areas.
Forest officials were trailing the elephants in a bid to drive them into forests and also tranquilising them.
The police officials have advised people to stay away from the path of the elephants.


text:
The project supports United Water Supply Company of Georgia (UWSCG) in the process of rehabilitation of water supply and sanitation network in Khashuri, Shida Kartli to deliver uninterrupted water supply and wastewater services to more than 44,000 people living in Khashuri and nearby villages.
The project works with UWSCG to:
– Rehabilitate water production, transport and storage facilities
– Reconstruct and extend water distribution network
– Reconstruct and extend sewer network
– Provide international expert support to UWSCG.
To improve delivery of water supply and sanitation services in the city of Khashuri, Shida Kartli region.
– Improved health & sanitary conditions for 44,000 people in Khashuri area;
– Improved hygiene conditions, reduced incidence of waterborne diseases, reducing outside pollution;
– Improved natural environment, including water resources and biodiversity;
– Improved water supply and sewage system governance;
– Experience gained in Khashuri disseminated across the UWSCG service area.
Agence Française de Développement
Connectivity, energy efficiency, environment and climate change
Region: Shida Kartli
€7 550 000


text:
University Of Maine Releases New Report On Maine's Climate Future [POLL]
A new report from the University of Maine's Climate Change Institute says that our state's climate will change as much in the next 35 years as it has in the last 100.
In the next thirty five years, the climate changes in Maine will include:
- An increase of 3 degrees in the average temperature.
- A growing season that will extend two weeks longer.
- A sea level rise of about six-tenths of a foot.
When it comes to global warming, the report states, "Recent consequences include: a record number of reported Lyme disease cases; a white pine needle disease epidemic; erosion of beaches, farmland and roads; and a Gulf of Maine heat wave in 2012 that resulted in a glut of lobsters on the market and an ensuing price crash."
The report paints a grim picture for the future of our state's climate: "Even if a coordinated response succeeds in eliminating excess greenhouse gas emissions by later in this century, something that appears highly unlikely today, climate change will continue because the elevated levels of carbon dioxide can persist in the atmosphere for thousands of years."
The report goes on to say that there is a "broadening awareness that the changing climate is unfolding around us now, not just in the future, and that citizens are called on to adapt to these changes and prepare for the future."
The grim reality of what is happening to the Earth's atmosphere does not diminish the need for change, and we can all do our part!


text:
UVM and Champlain College have a lot of power in shaping our community, in both positive and negative ways. We often hear about how 40% of UVM's students living off campus increases non-students' housing costs, and I've written about how as two of the city's largest landlords with a captured client base, their exorbitant room and board costs likely distort rents citywide. There's a third way that UVM and Champlain College contribute to Burlington's gentrification, and that's their admissions processes which are highly geared towards very wealthy families.
Thanks to the New York Times we can see a snapshot of UVM and Champlain College students' economic backgrounds and how they compare to Burlington's residents in 2016. Both schools have high rates of students from very wealthy backgrounds and low rates of students from very poor backgrounds, particularly when compared to Burlington residents. The median college student family is nearly 3 times as wealthy as the median Burlington family.
According to their data, not only are more than half of UVM and Champlain students from the top 20% wealthiest families, but only 4%-6% of students came from the bottom 20%. College students in Burlington are wealthy at 3 times the rate that Burlington residents are, while Burlington residents have 5-8 times higher rates of poverty than college students in Burlington.
These schools function less like educational institutions striving towards equity and more like businesses trying to maximize profits and growth. That's the reason students and faculty are fighting against the administrations' cuts to programs that aren't 'making money'.
More students come from families making $2.2 million a year than families making under $22,800 a year. A full 8,000 students come from families wealthier than 82% of all Burlington households.
NYTimes data shows that the trend of students coming from families much wealthier than Burlington residents has been consistent or increasing for decades. While UVM has become slightly less accessible since the early 2000s, Champlain College has catered towards significantly wealthier students and is their student body is now comparable to UVM's.
How does an admissions process that caters to wealthy students effect low and moderate income Burlington residents? How does this process hurt low-income college students? How is such a model sustainable, and how do we keep Burlington from becoming an elite town for wealthy students and the business community that caters to them? Lastly, who is holding UVM and Champlain responsible for their role in hastening gentrification and making life harder for Burlington's low income residents including low-income college students?


text:
Cloudy Day Sunny Day
February 3, 2012 7:35 AM Subscribe
What is the sunniest day of the year? and how is that determined?
Of course this varies by location. For me, right now, that's Portland Oregon, but next month these architects I work with might consider a building in a different location.
posted by Prince_of_Cups to science & nature (3 answers total)
I am asked, given TMY3 data (here's a list of the relevant data in the TMY3 set
), how to determine the sunniest days and most overcast days in the typical meteorological year data set.
Are "sunniest day" (or "least overcast day") and "most overcast day" defined in meteorology? or are they bogus data deployed by evening news weatherpeople to fill air time?
Is there an accepted means to determine the record day for least and most overcast, taking into account direct/diffuse normal/horizontal illuminance and hourly sky cover?
Bonus question: can anyone recommend a good textbook introduction to meteorology that provides an understanding of the definitions and statistics used in the field?


text:
Port Phillip's long-term bushfire risk regional planning target is 85 per cent.
The figure below shows the Port Phillip region's bushfire risk profile for 1980–2021 and projected changes in bushfire risk until 2024. It shows bushfire risk in the Port Phillip region:
- was 85 per cent in 2020–21, down 2 percentage points from a projected level of 87 per cent (if there were no major bushfires or fuel management)
- was the same as at the end of 2019–20
- is projected to fall to 78 per cent by 2024 if we implement the entire Joint Fuel Management Program and there are no major bushfires, noting it would continue to increase to 87 per cent without any fuel management activity or major bushfires. Implementing the entire program would keep bushfire risk levels below the long-term Port Phillip region planning target of 85 per cent.
Since 2009, bushfire risk has gradually increased in Port Philip due to the re-accumulation of fuels in wet, mountainous, forested areas, which are typically too damp for planned burning. Additionally, some high-risk settlements in the region adjoin dense forest and therefore cannot be safely treated with planned burning. These factors highlight the importance of mechanical and other non-burn fuel treatments - including mowing, slashing, mulching, and using herbicides - and enhanced preparedness and community education to achieve risk reduction targets.
Priority areas for planned burning include north of the Dandenong Ranges, the forests to Melbourne's east, and areas in and around Melbourne's water catchments. Other key activities include the continued construction and maintenance of strategic fuel break networks through Melbourne's water catchments and mechanical fuel treatment in the forest interface to the east of Melbourne.
Bushfire risk profile, Port Phillip Region, 1980–2024
The figure below shows the tolerable fire interval (TFI) status of vegetation on public land in the Port Phillip region since 1980. It shows that in 2020–21:
- about 48 per cent of the vegetation was below minimum TFI, 1 percentage point less than in 2019–20
- the proportion of vegetation within TFI remained the same at 38 per cent
- the proportion of vegetation above maximum TFI remained the same, at 1 per cent.
In 2020–21, less than 1 per cent of the vegetation burnt by bushfire or planned burning was below minimum TFI, the result of careful planning to minimise the potential impacts of planned burns on vegetation below minimum TFI.
TFI status of vegetation on public land, Port Phillip region, 1980–2021
The figure below shows the growth stage structure (GSS) status of vegetation on public land in the Port Phillip region since 1980. It shows that in 2020–21:
- about 13 per cent of the vegetation was in the juvenile growth stage, 6 percentage points less than 2019–20
- about 23 per cent of the vegetation was in the adolescent growth stage, an increase of 3 percentage points from 2019-20
- the proportion of vegetation in the mature growth stage remained the same at 38 per cent
- there was no significant change in the proportions in the old growth stage (which remained low, at 2 per cent) and with no fire history (which remained at 12 per cent).
Threatened species, such as Leadbeater's Possum and Smoky Mouse, rely on vegetation in the mature and old growth stages for habitat, particularly for features such as hollow-bearing trees and coarse woody debris. It will take a long time for the landscape to recover to these growth stages, as some vegetation communities can take up to 50 years or more to reach maturity.
The area of vegetation with no recorded fire history on public land has gradually declined over the last decade. The TFI status and GSS cannot be determined in areas with no fire history.
GSS status of vegetation on public land, Port Phillip region, 1980–2021
Fuel management delivery
Generally favourable weather conditions in Port Phillip Region during 2020-21 enabled both the Yarra and Metropolitan fire districts good opportunities to deliver their planned burning programs. Table 1 summarises the region's fuel management activities in 2020–21.
Table 1: Fuel management activities, Port Phillip region, 2020–21
No. of treatments
Area treated by planned burning:
Area treated by non-burn fuel treatments:
Total area treated to reduce bushfire risk
During 2020-21 we undertook 40 ecological and fuel reduction burns in the Port Phillip region, with a total of 2,878 hectares treated. There was an additional 61.8 hectares of timber harvesting area regenerated, and windrow/heaps treated, bringing the total treated to 2,941 hectares. We also completed about 1,367 hectares of mechanical fuel treatment. Yarra fire district was able to complete all its spring planned burns. Metro fire district delivered its biggest program in years, resulting in double the number of hectares treated this year compared to the five-year rolling average. Across the region, we delivered 14 of 25 priority burns. We could not complete the remaining 11 including six regeneration burns as conditions were unsuitable. We invested over 3,400 work-days undertaking planned burning delivery in 2020-21.
Port Philip region staff continued to work through the various stakeholder engagement challenges associated with ongoing COVID restrictions, which limited both face-to-face and onsite meetings.
Staff also continued to work closely with other land management agencies including Parks Victoria and the Country Fire Authority to help develop the Joint Fuel Management Program and deliver the fuel management program.
An interesting and useful collaboration occurred between Port Philip and Fire Rescue Victoria (FRV) this year. FRV, along with their remotely piloted aircraft system, attended a FFMVic grasslands burn in early 2021. The FRV system captured thermal and video footage for FFMVic and Parks Victoria future use and was an opportunity for pilots to build skills with the drones, which had only recently become operational.
Page last updated: 23/12/21


text:
Faulconbridge, James R. (2006) Stretching tacit knowledge beyond a local fix? Global spaces of learning in advertising professional service firms. Journal of Economic Geography, 6 (4). pp. 517-540. ISSN _PHONE_
The â��knowledge economyâ�� is now widely debated and economic geographers have made a significant contribution to understanding of the influences upon the production and dissemination of tacit knowledge within and between firms. However, the continued association of tacit knowledge with practices rooted at the local scale and suggestions of territorially sticky knowledges has proven controversial. Through examination of empirical material exploring the stretching of learning in advertising professional service firms, the paper argues that we need to recognise the use of two different epistemologies of organizational knowledge leverage - â��knowledge transferâ�� in the form of best practice and â��the social production of new knowledgeâ�� - and their complementary yet differentiated roles in organizations and differing spatial reaches. This highlights the existence of multiple geographies of tacit knowledge and the need to be more subtle in our arguments about its geographies. In particular, the paper reveals that tacit knowledge can have global geographies when knowledge management practices focus on reproducing rather than transferring knowledge across space.
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text:
Your Lexus has tons of moving parts. Its original belts and hoses help move nearly every one of them. Hoses take care of the job with liquid pressure. A couple good examples are your radiator hoses and heater core hoses. The first carries coolant between your radiator and engine. The second forces hot coolant through your AC and heating systems, helping warm your cabin. Other examples include fuel hoses and brake hoses. The former are mainstays of older Lexus vehicles; they connect your engine and gas tank. The latter sends brake fluid through your brake lines to your brake calipers, making them press your brake pads to create the friction that slows and stops your wheels and tires. Belts, on the other hand, move parts mechanically. They do the job for everything that starts, steers, heats, and cools your vehicle. Your crankshaft is one of the most important parts they help move. Your serpentine and drive belts, however, move parts in systems like your alternator and power steering, whereas your timing belt or timing chain spins your engine's camshaft, pumping both engine valves and pistons. Many other belts and hoses do a lot more right off the Lexus factory line. Signs of problems with them, however, are many. They range from visible looseness and damage, chittering or squealing noises, and fluid leaks to battery and interior lighting issues, engine misfires and overheats, and general systems failures. The result of bad belts and hoses is inferior vehicle performance, if not complete disablement. Luckily, you can order both belts and hoses right from Lexus, via our auto parts counter. They'll be genuine, too just the right fit for your car or SUV. Buy today and take care of your next DIY project in short order.
No results found for "belt, hose". Here are some helpful search tips:
- Search by a part name. Example: water pump.
- Be less specific. Example: brake instead of ceramic brake.
- Remove information such as make, year or model.
- Can't find the part you are looking for? Contact us and we'll find it for you!


text:
A modem that resides outside the computer, and that attaches to the computer's serial port by cable.
A modem that resides in a self-contained box outside the computer system.
A modem that attaches to the computer externally, usually through a serial port, and has its own power supply. An external modem operates no differently than an internal modem, although it can be shut off without turning off the entire computer.
a hardware device, that is attached to the serial port of the computer using a serial port cable
a modem in a small desktop chassis that uses a cable to connect to a serial COM port or USB port on the back of your computer
a modem that is not built into your computer, but which you can plug into your computer and your phone line to access the Internet
a small box that connects to the PC through a serial I/O port
modem that is plugged into one of the serial ports on a computer. External modems often have lights on them showing current activity. Because they are external, they also have to have their own power source and power switch. Due to the case, power supply, and cable that an external modem requires, the price is usually more than an internal modem, though only by about $20. External modems do not have UART chips built into them.
A modem that is separate from the unit with which it operates.
n. A stand-alone modem that is connected via cable to a computer's serial port. See also internal modem.


text:
Kallman Creates Publications
Unison treble or SA, piano. Duration: 2'00"
(Sam Nelson; Our Children, Our World concert, Daniel Kallman conducting)
This piece was written for the North Cambridge Family Opera, and performed at the 2015 Cambridge Science Festival in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The lyrics, written by Christine Kallman, are below. Here are some other songs that we have written for the Cambridge Science Festival: Sky Dance, The Einstein-Rosen Bridge Strut, Earthrise, Emmy Noether, and Schrödinger's Cat.
Earth's Sweet Song
When Earth is in balance, it's like a sweet song
with millions of creatures all singing along.
The sun without fail sends its bright warming light;
our air holds enough heat to keep it just right.
So Earth is in balance from morning till night,
and all of us join in the song.
For too many years now we've burned fossil fuels,
upsetting the balance and changing the rules.
The heat that is trapped by too much CO2
is warming the planet much more than we knew.
Now there's so much to do.
Someday in the future our children will cry:
"Why didn't you listen? Why didn't you try to take care of the atmosphere? Why?
Tell me why didn't you try
back when Earth was in balance, just like a sweet song,
when millions of creatures were singing along?"
Copyright 2015, Christine Kallman, All Rights Reserved


text:
SplitterContainer control with a fixed panel is resized due to the DPI setting, the
SplitterDistance value is not changed. This may result in the fixed panel appearing either too small or too large, depending on whether the DPI setting was increased or decreased.
For example, a Form with
AutoScaleMode set to
ScaleMode.DPI, and a
FixedPanel set to
SplitterDistance set to 140 appears as follows at it's native DPI (100%):
This is how it appears when run at a higher DPI (125%):
All the controls were resized, but
SplitterDistance was left unchanged at 140.
Note that this is only a problem when
SplitterContainer.FixedPanel is set to
Panel2. If it was set to
SplitterDistance would be adjusted to match the resizing.
The solution to adjust
SplitterDistance during the
Form.Shown event handler. The resizing does not work properly if performed in the constructor or the
Form.Load event handler.
Using the code
Include the following code snippet in your Form-derived class:
private SizeF scale = new SizeF(1.0f, 1.0f);
protected override void ScaleControl(SizeF factor, BoundsSpecified specified)
scale = new SizeF(scale.Width * factor.Width, scale.Height * factor.Height);
private void Fix(Control c)
foreach (Control child in c.Controls)
if (child is SplitContainer)
SplitContainer sp = (SplitContainer)child;
private void Fix(SplitContainer sp)
float sc = (sp.Orientation == Orientation.Vertical)? scale.Width : scale.Height;
if (sp.FixedPanel == FixedPanel.Panel1)
sp.SplitterDistance = (int)Math.Round((float)sp.SplitterDistance * sc);
else if (sp.FixedPanel == FixedPanel.Panel2)
int cs = (sp.Orientation == Orientation.Vertical)? sp.Panel2.ClientSize.Width :sp.Panel2.ClientSize.Height;
int newcs = (int)((float)cs * sc);
sp.SplitterDistance -= (newcs - cs);
Remember to call
Fix(this) from the Form's
Shown event handler. For Example:
private void Form1_Shown(object sender, EventArgs e)
Points of Interest
I am puzzled as to why the SplitterDistance values must be adjusted during the
event handler, and not during
Form.Load or the constructor. If anyone can explain this, please leave a comment.
- June 14, 2014 - First release.


text:
BLE connections use a server client model. The server contains the data of interest, while the client connects to the server to read the data. Commonly, a Bluetooth peripheral device acts as a server, while a Bluetooth central device acts as a client. Servers can contain many services, with each service containing a some set of data. Clients can send requests to read or write some data and can also subscribe to notifications so that the server can send data updates to a client.
In this example, a basic battery service is set up on the Ameba Bluetooth stack. A mobile phone is used to connect the the Ameba peripheral device and read the battery data.
Ensure that the following Bluetooth apps are installed on your mobile phone. These apps will show you the raw data sent by Ameba and allow you to interact with the data.
The recommended application is nRF connect, and is available at the links below:
LightBlue is an alternative application that can also be used, but has less features:
Download Arduino IDE, install Ameba RTL8722DM board.
Open the example, "Files" -> "Examples" -> "AmebaBLE" -> "BLEBatteryService"
Upload the code into board
Upload the code and press the reset button on Ameba once the upload is finished.
On your mobile phone, open the Bluetooth app and scan for the Bluetooth signal broadcast by Ameba, it should appear as a device named "AMEBA_BLE_DEV".
Connect to the Ameba Bluetooth device, and a list of available services should appear. Click on the battery service to expand it, and you can see the battery level data value. The arrows highlighted in the box on the right are used to read data and subscribe to notifications. Click on the single arrow to read the battery level value, and a 90% value will appear.
Click on the triple arrow to subscribe to updates on the battery level value, and the battery value will start updating by itself.
The serial monitor will show the sketch increasing the battery level every second. When you click on either of the arrows, the sketch running on the Ameba will be notified, and will print out the action taken.