does the above code look like? It looks like ordinary imperative synchronous code. Read this value, then read this value, then read this value. Except it's not synchronous, and it's not imperative. It's functional and asynchronous. We've taken our building blocks, and composed them into a piece of very readable code that makes it completely clear exactly what we are doing.
Now in case you're not 100% sure about the above syntax, the values to the left of the <- signs are the results of the iteratees to the right. These are able to be used anywhere in any subsequent lines, including in the end yield statement. Underscores are used to say we're not interested in the value, we're using this for the expect iteratee since that just returns Unit anyway. The statement after the yield is a map function, which gives us the opportunity to take all the intermediate values and turn them into a single result.
So now that we understand that, let's rewrite our quoted iteratee to support escaped quotes. After reading our quote, we want to peek at the next character. If it's a quote, then we want to append the value we just read, plus a quote to our cumulated value, and recursively invoke the quoted iteratee again. Otherwise, we've reached the end of the value.
def quoted(value: Seq[Char] = IndexedSeq[Char]()): Iteratee[Char, String] = for {
 _ <- expect('"')
 maybeValue <- takeWhile(_!= '"')
 _ <- expect('"')
 nextChar <- peek
 value <- nextChar match {
 case Some('"') => quoted(value ++ maybeValue :+ '"')
 case _ => Done[Char, String]((value ++ maybeValue).mkString)
} yield value
Now we need to write an iteratee that can parse either a quoted or unquoted value. We choose which one by peeking at the first character, and then accordingly returning the right iteratee.
def value = for {
 char <- peek
 value <- char match {
 case Some('"') => quoted()
 case None => Error[Char]("Premature end of input, expected a value", Input.EOF)
 case _ => unquoted
} yield value
Let's now parse an entire line, reading until the end of line character.
def values(state: Seq[String] = IndexedSeq[String]()): Iteratee[Char, Seq[String]] = for {
 _ <- dropSpaces
 value <- value
 _ <- dropSpaces
 nextChar <- takeOne
 values <- nextChar match {
 case Some('\n') | None => Done[Char, Seq[String]](state :+ value)
 case Some(',') => values(state :+ value)
 case Some(other) => Error("Expected comma, newline or EOF, but found " + other, Input.El(other))
} yield values
Now, in a similar way to how we parse the values, we could also parse each line of a CSV file until we reach EOF. But this time we're going to do something a little different. We've seen how we can sequence iteratees using flatMap, but there are further possibilities for composing iteratees. Another concept in iteratees is enumeratees. Enumeratees adapt a stream to be consumed by an iteratee. The simplest enumeratees simply map the input values of the stream to be something else. So, for example, here's an enumeratee that converts a stream of strings to a stream of ints:
def toInt: Enumeratee[String,Int] =[String](_.toInt)
One of the methods on Enumeratee is transform. We can use this method to apply an enumeratee to an iteratee:
val someIteratee: Iteratee[Int, X] =...
val adaptedIteratee: Iteratee[String, X] = toInt.transform(someIteratee)
This method is also aliased to an operator, &>>, and so this code below is equivalent to the code above:
val adaptedIteratee: Iteratee[String, X] = toInt &>> someIteratee
We can also make an enumeratee out of another iteratee, and this is exactly what we're going to do with our values iteratee. The Enumeratee.grouped method takes an iteratee and applies it to the stream over and over, the result of each application being an input to feed into the the iteratee that will be transformed. Let's have a look:
def csv = Enumeratee.grouped(values())
Now let's get a little bit more creative with enumeratees. Let's say that our CSV file is very big, so we don't want to load it into memory. Each line is a series of 3 integer columns, and we want to sum each column. So, let's define an enumeratee that converts each set of values to integers:
def toInts =[Seq[String]](
And another enumeratee to convert the sequence to a 3-tuple:
def toThreeTuple =[Seq[Int]](s => (s(0), s(1), s(2)))
And finally an iteratee to sum the them:
def sumThreeTuple(a: Int = 0, b: Int = 0, c: Int = 0): Iteratee[(Int, Int, Int), (Int, Int, Int)] = Cont {
 case Input.El((x, y, z)) => sumThreeTuple(a + x, b + y, c + z)
 case Input.Empty => sumThreeTuple(a, b, c)
 case in @ Input.EOF => Done((a, b, c), in)
Now to put them all together. There is another method on enumeratee called compose, which, you guessed it, let's you compose enumeratees. This has an alias operator, ><>. Let's use it:
Finally, if an iteratee consumes a stream, what produces a stream? The answer is an enumerator. An enumerator can be applied to an iteratee using its apply method, which is also aliased to >>>. This will leave the iteratee in a cont state, ready to receive more input. If however the enumerator contains the entirety of the stream, then the run method can be used instead which will send the iteratee an EOF once it's finished. This is aliased to |>>>.
The Play enumerator API makes it easy to create an enumerator by passing a sequence of inputs to the Enumerator companion objects apply method. So, we can create an enumerator of characters using the following code:
val csvFile = Enumerator(
And we can feed this into our iteratee like so:
val result = csvFile |>>> processCsvFile
And our result in this case will be a future that is eventually redeemed with (5, 7, 9).
Well, it's been a long journey, but hopefully if you're an imperative programmer, you not only understand iteratees, you understand the reasoning behind their design, and how easily they compose. I also hope you have a better understanding of both functional and asynchronous programming in general. The functional mindset is quite different to the imperative mindset, and I'm still getting my head around it, but particularly after seeing how nice and simple iteratees can be to work with (once you understand them), I'm becoming convinced that functional programming is the way to go.
If you are interested in downloading the code from this blog post, or if you want to see a more complex JSON parsing iteratee/enumeratee, checkout this GitHub project, which has a few examples, including parsing byte/character streams in array chunks, rather than one at a time.


Ryker Bailey in the US
 1. #78,570,546 Ryker Acuna
 2. #78,570,547 Ryker Alonzo
 3. #78,570,548 Ryker Andersen
 4. #78,570,549 Ryker Anderson
 5. #78,570,550 Ryker Bailey
 6. #78,570,551 Ryker Barrett
 7. #78,570,552 Ryker Benzley
 8. #78,570,553 Ryker Berns
 9. #78,570,554 Ryker Blair
person in the U.S. has this name View Ryker Bailey on Whitepages Raquote 8eaf5625ec32ed20c5da940ab047b4716c67167dcd9a0f5bb5d4f458b009bf3b
Meaning & Origins
The meaning of this name is unavailable
27,872nd in the U.S.
English: 1. status name for a steward or official, Middle English bail(l)i (Old French baillis, from Late Latin baiulivus, an adjectival derivative of baiulus 'attendant', 'carrier' 'porter'). 2. topographic name for someone who lived by the outer wall of a castle, Middle English bail(l)y, baile 'outer courtyard of a castle', from Old French bail(le) 'enclosure', a derivative of bailer 'to enclose', a word of unknown origin. This term became a place name in its own right, denoting a district beside a fortification or wall, as in the case of the Old Bailey in London, which formed part of the early medieval outer wall of the city. 3. habitational name from Bailey in Lancashire, named with Old English beg 'berry' + lēah 'woodland clearing'. 4. Anglicized form of French Bailly.
64th in the U.S.
Nicknames & variations
Top state populations


1 out of 1 rated this helpful - Rate this topic
Handling Events Programmatically
The SSIS runtime provides a collection of events that occur before, during, and after the validation and execution of a package. These events can be captured in two ways. The first method is by implementing the IDTSEvents interface in a class, and supplying the class as a parameter to the Execute and Validate methods of the package. The second method is by creating DtsEventHandler objects, which can contain other SSIS objects, such as tasks and loops, that are executed when an event in IDTSEvents occurs. This section describes these two methods and provides code examples to demonstrate their use.
Developers who build and execute packages programmatically can receive event notifications during the validation and execution process using the IDTSEvents interface. This is done by creating a class that implements the IDTSEvents interface and providing this class as a parameter to the Validate and Execute methods of a package. The methods of the class are then called by the run-time engine when the events occur.
The DefaultEvents class is a class that already implements the IDTSEvents interface; therefore, another alternative to implementing IDTSEvents directly is to derive from DefaultEvents and override the specific events that you want to respond to. You then provide your class as a parameter to the Validate and Execute methods of the Package to receive event callbacks.
The following code sample demonstrates a class that derives from DefaultEvents, and overrides the OnPreExecute method. The class is then provided as aparameter to the Validate and Execute methods of the package.
using System;
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Runtime;
namespace Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Samples
{
 class Program
 {
 static void Main(string[] args)
 {
 Package p = new Package();
 MyEventsClass eventsClass = new MyEventsClass();
 p.Validate(null, null, eventsClass, null);
 p.Execute(null, null, eventsClass, null, null);
 Console.Read();
 }
 }
 class MyEventsClass : DefaultEvents
 {
 public override void OnPreExecute(Executable exec, ref bool fireAgain)
 {
 // TODO: Add custom code to handle the event.
 Console.WriteLine("The PreExecute event of the " +
 exec.ToString() + " has been raised.");
 }
 }
}
The run-time engine provides a robust, highly flexible event handling and notification system through the DtsEventHandler object. These objects let you design whole workflows within the event handler, which execute only when the event that the event handler belongs to occurs. The DtsEventHandler object is a container that is executed when the corresponding event on its parent object fires. This architecture lets you create isolated workflows that are executed in response to events that occur on a container. Because DtsEventHandler objects are synchronous, execution does not resume until the event handlers that are attached to the event have returned.
The following code demonstrates how to create a DtsEventHandler object. The code adds a FileSystemTask to the Executables collection of the package, and then creates a DtsEventHandler object for the OnError event of the task. A FileSystemTask is added to the event handler, which is executed when the OnError event occurs for the first FileSystemTask. This example assumes that you have a file that is named C:\Windows\Temp\DemoFile.txt for testing. The first time that you run the sample, if copies the file successfully and the event handler is not called. The second time you run the sample, the first FileSystemTask fails to copy the file (because the value of OverwriteDestinationFile is false), the event handler is called, the second FileSystemTask deletes the source file, and the package reports failure because of the error that occurred.
using System;
using System.IO;
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Runtime;
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Tasks.FileSystemTask;
namespace Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Samples
{
 class Program
 {
 static void Main(string[] args)
 {
 string f = "DemoFile.txt";
 Executable e;
 TaskHost th;
 FileSystemTask fst;
 Package p = new Package();
 p.Variables.Add("sourceFile", true, String.Empty,
 @"C:\Windows\Temp\" + f);
 p.Variables.Add("destinationFile", true, String.Empty,
 Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), f));
 // Create a first File System task and add it to the package.
 // This task tries to copy a file from one folder to another.
 e = p.Executables.Add("STOCK:FileSystemTask");
 th = e as TaskHost;
 th.Name = "FileSystemTask1";
 fst = th.InnerObject as FileSystemTask;
 fst.Operation = DTSFileSystemOperation.CopyFile;
 fst.OverwriteDestinationFile = false;
 fst.Source = "sourceFile";
 fst.IsSourcePathVariable = true;
 fst.Destination = "destinationFile";
 fst.IsDestinationPathVariable = true;
 // Add an event handler for the FileSystemTask's OnError event.
 DtsEventHandler ehOnError = (DtsEventHandler)th.EventHandlers.Add("OnError");
 // Create a second File System task and add it to the event handler.
 // This task deletes the source file if the event handler is called.
 e = ehOnError.Executables.Add("STOCK:FileSystemTask");
 th = e as TaskHost;
 th.Name = "FileSystemTask2";
 fst = th.InnerObject as FileSystemTask;
 fst.Operation = DTSFileSystemOperation.DeleteFile;
 fst.Source = "sourceFile";
 fst.IsSourcePathVariable = true;
 DTSExecResult vr = p.Validate(null, null, null, null);
 Console.WriteLine("ValidationResult = " + vr.ToString());
 if (vr == DTSExecResult.Success)
 {
 DTSExecResult er = p.Execute(null, null, null, null, null);
 Console.WriteLine("ExecutionResult = " + er.ToString());
 if (er == DTSExecResult.Failure)
 if (!File.Exists(@"C:\Windows\Temp\" + f))
 Console.WriteLine("Source file has been deleted by the event handler.");
 }
 Console.Read();
 }
 }
}
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Ted Pedersen > WordNet-Similarity > WordNet::Similarity::GlossFinder
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Module Version: 2.04 Source
WordNet::Similarity::GlossFinder - module to implement gloss finding methods for WordNet::Similarity measures of semantic relatedness (specifically, lesk and vector)
 use WordNet::QueryData;
 my $wn = WordNet::QueryData->new;
 defined $wn or die "Construction of WordNet::QueryData failed";
 use WordNet::Similarity::GlossFinder;
 my $obj = WordNet::Similarity::GlossFinder->new ($wn);
 my ($err, $errString) = $obj->getError ();
 $err and die $errString;
 my $wps1 = 'england#n#1';
 my $wps2 = 'winston_churchill#n#1';
 # get the glosses of these two synsets, since we are not using a
 # configuation file to specify relations, we will only get the
 # immediate glosses of the two wps entries. The default weight and
 # relation appear in $weight and $relation - these can be modified
 # via a configuration file.
 my ($wps1gloss, $wps2gloss, $weight, $relation ) = $obj -> getSuperGlosses ($wps1, $wps2);
 print "$wps1gloss->[0]\n";
 print "$wps2gloss->[0]\n";
 print "$weight->[0]\n";
 print "$relation->[0]\n";
This class is derived from (i.e., is a sub-class of) WordNet::Similarity. Two of the measures of similarity, provided in this package, viz. WordNet::Similarity::lesk and WordNet::Similarity::vector deal with WordNet glosses. This module provides methods for easy access to the required glosses.
This module inherits all the methods of WordNet::Similarity. Additionally, the following methods are also defined.
Public methods
Specifies the parts of speech that measures derived from this module support (namely, nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs).
parameters: none
returns: true
Overrides method of same name in WordNet::Similarity. Prints module-specific configuration options to the trace string (if tracing is on). GlossFinder supports module specific options: relation, stop and stem.
Parameters: none
Returns: nothing
Overrides the configure method in WordNet::Similarity. This method loads various data files, such as the stop words and relations.
Parameters: $file -- path of the configuration file.
Returns: nothing
$self->getSuperGlosses($wps1, $wps2)
This method returns a list of large blocks of concatenated glosses (super-gloss) for each specified synset. A super-gloss is the block of text formed by concatenating the glosses of a synset with glosses of synsets related to it in WordNet. "Related" synsets are identified by specific relations specified in the "relations" file. If no relations file was specified in the configuration, only the gloss of that synset is returned.
Parameters: wps1 and wps2 -- two synsets.
Returns: List of superglosses for both synsets (2-D array).
Private Methods
This method loads relations from a relation file.
Parameters: none
Returns: nothing
Many of the methods in this module can work with either offsets or wps strings internally. There are several interesting consequences of each mode.
 1. An offset is not a unique identifier for a synset, but neither is a wps string. An offset only indicates a byte offset in one of the WordNet data files (data.noun, data.verb, etc. on Unix-like systems). An offset along with a part of speech, however, does uniquely identify a synset.
 A word#pos#sense string, on the other hand, is the opposite extreme. A word#pos#sense string is an identifier for a unique word sense. A synset can have several word senses in it (i.e., a synset is a set of word senses that are synonymous). The synset {beer_mug#n#1, stein#n#1} has two word senses. The wps strings 'beer_mug#n#1' and'stein#n#1' can both be used to refer to the synset. For simplicity, we usually just use the first wps string when referring to the synset. N.B., the wps representation was developed by WordNet::QueryData.
 2. Early versions of WordNet::Similarity::* used offsets internally for finding paths, hypernym trees, subsumers, etc. The module WordNet::QueryData that is used by Similarity, however, accepts only wps strings as input to its querySense method, which is used to find hypernyms. We have found that it is more efficient (faster) to use wps strings internally.
 Ted Pedersen, University of Minnesota Duluth
 tpederse at d.umn.edu
 Siddharth Patwardhan, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
 sidd at cs.utah.edu
WordNet::Similarity(3) WordNet::Similarity::vector(3) WordNet::Similarity::lesk(3)
Copyright (c) 2005, Ted Pedersen and Siddharth Patwardhan
 The Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
 Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
syntax highlighting:


text:
Photochemical processing is an important way to transform terrestrial dissolved organic matter (DOM) but was rarely investigated by ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry. We performed an irradiation experiment with water from a shaded forest stream flowing into a lit reservoir. Bacterial activity explained only 1% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) decline in a combined bacterial and photodegradation approach. Photodegradation decreased the DOC concentration by 30%, the specific ultraviolet (UV) absorption by 40%–50%, and fluorescence intensity by 80% during six days. The humification index (HIX) decreased whereas the fluorescence index (FI) did not change. Two humic-like components identified by parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) of excitation–emission matrices followed the decrease of fluorescent DOM. Changes of relative peak intensities of Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectroscopy (FT-ICR MS) elemental formula components as a function of cumulated radiation were evaluated both by Spearman's rank correlation and linear regression. The FT-ICR MS intensity changes indicate that high aromatic material was photochemically converted into smaller non-fluorescent molecules or degraded by the release of CO2
. This study shows the molecular change of terrestrial DOM before the preparation of drinking water from reservoirs.
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Although we've long enjoyed the "spring gold" dusting of these flowers across rocky landscapes in the early spring, (more…)
Early spring Columbia Gorge hikers are treated to several varieties of lomatium, commonly known as desert parsley (more…)
This member of the parsley family is distinguishable from Gray's Lovage and Cow Parsnip by its hearty stalks, saw-toothed leaves, and propensity for wetness. This one seemed to be thriving in the misty spray of Upper Latourell Falls.
Elizabeth Horn, in Wildflowers 1 The Cascades, writes of the many ways Native Americans ate and used this member of the parsley family:


text:
- 2 min read
Circular economy can cut vehicle emissions by 75% by 2030
In order to address global warming, the adoption of circular economy practices combined with accelerated electrification in the automotive industry has the potential to reduce carbon emissions by up to 75 per cent by 2030, a new Accenture-World Economic Forum (WEF) report said on Tuesday.
The move can also help cut non-circular resource consumption by up to 80 per cent per mile by 2030.
According to an Accenture analysis, mobility demand in terms of both passenger miles and predicted vehicle stock is expected to increase 70 per cent globally in the next decade.
The automotive industry can prepare for this demand, while also decarbonising to contribute to limiting global warming to less than 1.5 degree Celsius, by achieving circularity through the lens of energy, water, waste, materials, vehicle lifetime and use.
"Circular cars will be a key building block to serve the growing mobility demand, while, at the same time, reducing resource consumption and carbon emissions to a level that is truly sustainable," said Axel Schmidt, a senior managing director at Accenture who leads its Automotive industry group globally.
"While many vehicle manufacturers have already set net-zero goals toward carbon neutrality, the roadmap for automotive circularity must be a core element of this transformation and ambition."
The circular car is now on its way to becoming a core component of the automotive future.
"Companies across the industry must consider how technology and business levers can maximize the resource value of the car, minimize life-cycle emissions and unlock new opportunities along the value chain," said Christoph Wolff, global head of mobility and member of the executive committee at the WEF.
The primary barriers to circularity in the automotive industry are related to customers and use patterns, business models, production methods and technology, and regulatory hurdles.
"The automotive industry along with the mobility sector will have to profoundly change if it is to provide for the forecasted 2.5x fold increase in road transport demand by 2050 at net-zero carbon emissions", said Thomas Deloison, director of mobility, World Business Council for Sustainable Development.


text:
JERRY McBRIDE/Durango Herald
DELTA – In a climate-controlled warehouse here, Colorado Parks and Wildlife, much like a squirrel storing acorns for hard times, is putting away seeds of native plants and grasses for forest restoration and wildlife habitat improvement.
"We have three mixes here, maybe 15 species in all, that are going to Grand Junction for aerial reseeding in the area burned by the Pine Ridge Fire last summer," Jim Garner, a habitat biologist, said last week while moving pallets of seed bags with a forklift onto a truck.
The seed mixes, concocted for what will best fit steep slopes, harsh soil and general burn conditions, are among the estimated 140,000 pounds of seed that will be dropped on the Pine Ridge burn area.
The recently opened 9,000-square-foot seed repository, built at a cost of $1.2 million, is on a mesa in the Escalante Wildlife Area about six miles west of Delta.
The seed warehouse is an effort to be proactive instead of reactive, Garner said.
"We used to buy seed when we needed it," Garner said. "But we were subject to the market price."
As the size, intensity and frequency of wildfires across the West grew, forest officials began to look to the long-range future, Garner said. It was clear that stocking up on seeds would avoid scrambling when they were needed for reseeding, he said.
Reseeding helps hold off the invasion of non-native species of plants, Garner said. Increased recreation and energy exploration can transport non-natives on vehicles.
The state agency collects seeds or acquires them from collectors and companies, then sends them to nurseries where they can be produced in great number in greenhouses and outdoors, Garner said.
The majority of the seeds stocked in the warehouse will be preferred native species, but some non-natives are being produced because of cost, Garner said.
"Squirrel tail costs $10 to $15 a pound, but crested wheat is cheap, $2 to $3 a pound," Garner said. "Aspen fleabane and sulfur flowered buckwheat are $80 a pound."
Use of expensive seeds has to be evaluated in the light of project goals and how critical the situation is, he said.
The warehouse eventually will store about 50 to 70 species of grass and flower seeds, among them sagebrush, mountain brome, dusty penstemon, basin wildrye, Sandberg bluegrass, Oregon daisy, western yarrow and sulphur buckwheat.
The American dragon head is a native, but it's aggressive so it has to be used judiciously so as to maintain plant diversity, Garner said.
Warehouse stock will include seeds for the U.S. Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management as well as parks and wildlife projects, Garner said.
Temperature is important for storing seeds, Garner said. Seeds have been known to remain viable for 25 to 30 years at room temperature, but it's not a sure thing, he said.
Fans at balcony level will keep the temperature in the ground-floor storage area in the high 70s or low 80s in the summer when the temperature outside is blistering, Garner said.
A small cooler is reserved for more finicky seeds, Garner said. Sagebrush seed in a natural setting, for example, lasts a year, but, in the freezer, the seed can be viable for five years.
In the cooler, the operative rule is to maintain the combination of temperature and relative humidity less than 100, Garner said. The temperature is kept in the low 40s and the relative humidity at 32 percent, well below the target.
On a more expansive scale, the U.S. Department of Agriculture has a National Center for Genetic Resource Preservation at Colorado State University in Fort Collins.
Plant scientists and researchers globally have turned to the bank after natural disasters and in their search for plants with properties that increase their ability to meet medicinal, nutritional and climatic demands.
The Delta warehouse has no ties to the federal program, Garner said.
The 140,000 pounds of seed will be spread on almost 14,000 fire-scorched acres north of Grand Junction, said David Boyd, spokesman for the Bureau of Land Management in northwest Colorado.
"The reseeding is expected to take five days of flying," Boyd said. "We want to do it while there is snow on the ground."
The cost of seed and airplanes is $1 million, Boyd said.
"We want to get native seeds down to stabilize the soil before invasive species get started," Boyd said. "Cheat grass is a concern because it's not good for livestock or wildlife and it tends to dry quickly, which perpetuates the fire cycle."
Reseeding with seeds from the same area is preferable because the same species can have slight differences depending on latitude. Sagebrush in Colorado and Idaho could differ slightly, Joe Lewandowski, a spokesman for Colorado Park and Wildlife in Durango, said.
The idea for the seed warehouse germinated as a result of the Uncompahgre Plateau Project, a native plant program of Colorado Parks and Wildlife, federal and state agencies and utility companies.
Since 2002, the partners have harvested seeds from 1.2 million acres of timberland west of Montrose and sent them to growers.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Mixing methods : creative collaboration in mobile moviemaking
View fulltext online
Citation:Wagner, Daniel. (2017). Mixing Methods: Creative Collaboration in Mobile Moviemaking. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 3 (2), pp.84-96.
Permanent link to Research Bank record:_URL_
This article is a reflection on creative collaboration and synergy, using a tertiary course in mobile moviemaking to explore ways in which collaborative projects involving people from different creative disciplines can generate creative outcomes that surpass – in both innovative value and aesthetic depth – creative outcomes that might be generated by the individual disciplines on their own. The article will reflect on the processes and outcomes of a collaborative class project within this course, with specific reference to the differences in ideation and making methods used by creators in different disciplines and media. By unpacking the differences between their two creative fields, participants from two different disciplines (Film and Contemporary dance) were able to define common ground through which to conduct a creative collaboration. This paper will contextualise their process, and will suggest a method by which future participants in interdisciplinary creative collaborations may reframe their perceptions of their own diverging disciplinary approaches in order to utilise these differences as strong points upon which to build and solidify their mutual efforts.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The Proper Match between Work Task, Work Tools, and Your Body
The proper match between work task, work tools and the human body is called ergonomics. Information gained from this science applies to the design of office equipment and environments. The study of workplace performance and problems has also produced many tips that can be used to help prevent pain and injury at jobs.
An occupational or physical therapist specially trained in ergonomics can help evaluate and provide recommendations to reduce job stress. The assessment can be done on one specific job task.


text:
Original African-American Cemetery
N 37° 46.332 W 079° 26.572
17S E 637138 N _PHONE_
Quick Description: Historical marker noting the location of Lexington's original African-American cemetery.
Location: Virginia, United States
Date Posted: 9/13/2008 11:04:09 PM
Waymark Code: WM4P1P
Actual cemetery location was near the intersection of Washington & Lewis Streets. Marker is on the US 11 bypass. Marker text is as follows:
Near the intersection of Washington and Lewis Streets stood the original burial ground for Lexington's substantial free black community and slaves dating to the early 1800s. The majority of the original burials were in unmarked graves and no records were maintained of these burials. The Town of Lexington obtained ownership of the cemetery in 1876 and closed it in 1880 and the persons buried there were purportedly moved to Evergreen Cemetery, although there is little information to document the extent of reburials. In 1946 the Town of Lexington subdivided the old cemetery and houses were built over the burial ground.


text:
Home » Education » What Works for Special-Needs Learners Series
Teaching Reading Comprehension to Students with Learning Difficulties
Janette K. Klingner, Sharon Vaughn, and Alison Boardman
A Choice Outstanding Academic Title
A highly practical resource for the classroom, this book offers clear, research-based recommendations for helping students at all grade levels understand and learn from what they read. Explaining the skills and strategies that good readers use to comprehend text, the authors show how to support struggling students in developing these skills. They present a variety of effective assessment procedures, ways to enhance vocabulary instruction and teach students about different text structures, and instructional practices that promote comprehension before, during, and after reading. Special features include discussion questions in every chapter and reproducible instructional materials and lesson plans.
This title is part of the What Works for Special-Needs Learners Series, edited by Karen R. Harris and Steve Graham.


text:
The task of the RPA Process is the technical activity in the field of galvanic production. High professionalism of employees allowed us to gain a reputation of a reliable partner with domestic enterprises.
An integrated approach and complete solution of technological problems of any degree of complexity in the field of electroplating. RPA Process carries out the development of projects, the manufacture and supply of equipment for the preparation of the surface of metals before applying both galvanic and paint coatings.
The ventilation, wastewater treatment and ventilation emissions systems developed by the company allow fulfilling almost any regional environmental standards, including senselessly strict ones. The company also has vast experience in creating completely drainless galvanic plants.
Specialists of the enterprise RPA Process are ready to perform the following work:
- Design and manufacture of galvanic equipment with any degree of automation for the tasks of the customer.
- Selection, manufacture and supply of individual items of equipment – electroplating baths, rectifiers, galvanic filters, chemical pumps (pneumatic, centrifugal), metering pumps and systems for the preparation of solutions.
- Production of galvanic baths and other containers for customers from modern chemically resistant polymer and structural materials (PP, PVC or PVDF, depending on the solution used).
- The development of ventilation systems made of plastic, the manufacture of plastic ducts and the supply of flexible ducts.
- Carrying out installation and commissioning works, after-sales service of supplied galvanic lines, supply of spare parts; supply of polypropylene pipes and fittings, sheet plastics.
- Technical re-equipment of galvanic lines and sections of domestic and foreign production.
- Design and manufacture of treatment facilities for industrial wastewater.
- Installation and commissioning of wastewater treatment systems.


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Ronald Mcknight Dam is an earth dam built on the Yadkin River-Tr and is located in High Rock, North Carolina. It was built in 1985 for the purpose of irrigation.
The dam is privately owned by Ronald C. Mcknight. It is also known as Ron Mcknight Pond.
Ronald Mcknight Dam is privately owned by Ronald C. Mcknight.
|Dam length||320 feet|
|Structural height||25 feet|
|Hydraulic height||22 feet|
|Max discharge||116 cubic feet per second|
|Max storage||61 acre feet|
|Normal storage||41 acre feet|
|Surface area||5 acres|
|Drainage area||0 square miles|
Length of the dam is defined as the length along the top of the dam. This also includes the spillway, powerplant, navigation lock, fish pass, etc., where these form part of the length of the dam. If detached from the dam, these structures should not be included.
Structural height of the dam is defined as the vertical distance from the lowest point of the excavated foundation to the top of the dam. Top of dam refers to the parapet wall and not the crest.
Hydraulic height of the dam is defined as the vertical difference between the maximum design water level and the lowest point in the original streambed.
Number of cubic feet per second the spillway is capable of discharging when the reservoir is at its maximum designed water surface elevation.
Surface area, in acres, of the impoundment at its normal retention level.
Drainage area of the dam, in square miles, which is defined as the area that drains to a particular point (in this case, the dam) on a river or stream.
Dams assigned the low hazard potential classification are those where failure or misoperation results in no probable loss of human life and low economic and/or environ-mental losses. Losses are principally limited to the ownerâs property.
|Also known as||Ron Mcknight Pond|
|NID ID (National ID)||NC02251|


sten Nitrogen Catalyst for Its Catalytic Strength
With the continuous strengthening of human environmental awareness, the quality of living environment has aroused widespread concern.
All countries have formulated strict standards for the quality indicators of sulfur, nitrogen and other harmful substances in petroleum products. The clean production process and green products have become the mainstream trend in the development of petroleum refining and chemical production. In recent years, the transition metal nitrides hydrotreating catalyst has become a hot topic in the field of new catalysts because of its excellent deep hydrodesulfurization, denitrification activity and selectivity.
Some scholars believe that the current research on oil desulfurization catalyst is too focused on the cobalt molybdenum series earlier, and has excellent mechanical and thermal stability and anti poisoning characteristics of nickel tungsten catalysts study less, but in fact, the nickel tungsten nitrogen catalyst has more potential applications.
nickel tungsten nitrogen catalyst image
By using temperature programmed reduction technology and r-Al2O3 as carrier, the nickel tungsten hydrofining catalyst NiWN/r-Al2O3 with different metal loading was prepared by impregnation method, and its hydrodesulfurization test was carried out.
 The size of the desulfurization activity level and surface acidity of catalyst was correspondence, namely catalyst surface acidity high desulfurization activity of catalyst, desulfurization activity of small low surface acidity. The surface acidity of catalysts, in addition to direct hydrogenolysis and hydrogenation desulfurization desulfurization, isomerization and cracking degree of strengthening, for deep desulfurization, and high desulfurization activity. The test found in NiWN/r-Al2O3 than the surface of the product is 149.5, surface acidity was 0.205, in the process of cracking gasoline showed good catalytic performance, surface acidity of benzothiophene on two is enough to produce catalytic desulfurization effect, the desulfurization rate is only about 91.2%. In this regard, scholars believe that nickel tungsten nitrogen catalyst can be used for catalytic desulfurization of oil, but there is still room for improvement and improvement.
If you have any inquiry of tungsten, please feel free to contact us:
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Fax: +86 _PHONE_
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Lithium Ion Battery Used Nano Tungstic Acid Price on SEPT.16, 2022
Basic Trading Condition Product Name Lithium Ion Battery Used Nano Tungstic Acid Details Purity:99.90% Particle Size: 30~50nm Quantity:1,000...


Home » News » World
Love stories of Indian soldiers, who fought World War I to appear in film
Wednesday, 9 July 2014 - 11:32am IST | Place: New Delhi | Agency: PTI
 - dna Research & Archives
Heartwarming stories, including romantic ones, about Indian soldiers who fought in the First World War as part of the British Army, culled from archives and personal testimonies, feature in a new documentary.
The upcoming feature-length film "Mademoiselle France Pleure" (Miss France is in tears) attempts to piece together the lesser known fact about the 1.4 million Indian soldiers and civilian workers who came to France and Belgium to defend France's freedom against invasion.
"The soldiers faced various hardships, casualties and diseases in the war. The feature-length documentary attempts to show their specific situations within the British Army and hospitals," says Vijay Singh, an Indian filmmaker and novelist based in Paris.
Singh, who has shot critically acclaimed feature films like "Jaya Ganga" and "One Dollar Curry" in the past was here recently to announce the project and firm up plans to shoot in countries including India, France, Austria and Belgium.
"Everybody remembers India's freedom struggle, but very few or in fact nobody would remember the contribution made by Indian soldiers during the World War I about the role played by Indian soldiers during the World War I," says Singh.
The filmmaker attempts to show various tragicomic situations faced by the French and the British while feeding Indian soldiers according to their strict religious beliefs and the hospitality of French hostesses, which won the hearts of Indian soldiers during their convalescence in French barns.
With the initiative of the French government and embassy, Singh, says he has been successful in gathering testimonies from the archives and descendents, in France, India, Belgium and UK of the brave soldiers out of which 10,000 did not even return home.
There are accounts of the soldiers who fell in love with French women during their stay in France and had children with them.
"In one such camp when the Indian soldiers were going to the battlefield, the French women carried placards which read - "Miss France in Tears", says Singh explaining the title of his documentary.
Singh's film also features a 71-year-old woman whose grandfather was an Indian. The woman's narrative is among the numerous interviews, which make up the documentary. A part of the feature film was shot in Chamba, Uttarakhand where the "Gabbar Singh Negi Mela" is still held every year on April 21, for the past 94 years with assistance from the Chatwal Regiment of the Indian Army.
The filmmaker has interviewed people who recount that the French were spellbound when they saw the Sikh soldiers combing their hair or tying their turbans and the spectacle of Indian soldiers having a bath in between two trains or even the khaki shorts they donned.
"What astonished the French was the huge cavalry and cattle that the Indian regiment had arrived with. Special costumes that were nothing but long leggings arranged for the Gorkhas made them look like minions," Singh says.
The upcoming documentary is set to include a high profile ceremony of the Neuve Chapelle Battle Memorial (a memorial which has been set up to pay tribute to the Indian soldiers in France) in 2015.
"It would be a ceremony to commemorate 100 years of the World War I. The event would be marked by a parade and different events to commemorate the historic day (July 14) when World War 1 began" Singh says.
The soldiers wrote about their experiences in around 600 letters when they were in hospitals, records of which are maintained in the Haryana Academy of Art and Culture. "Soldiers used to send one rupee from their monthly salary to the academy, which went towards education of students," says the filmmaker. Singh says he researched for the past three years for the film, which is set to be made in various languages and would be produced by France Television.
"Not many pictures have been available of the Indian soldiers except the ones from the hospitals where King George V had gone to visit them," Singh says. Singh has used rare film footage, photographs, portraits, Indian war songs, sound recordings, interviews with the descendants of the soldiers.
"This is a remarkable example of what India and France can do together. The history of both the countries is not known in detail and this documentary will promote the relationship between both the countries," says an official from the French Embassy, where Singh showed some photographs from his upcoming film at an event recently.
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The Gardar Province of south Greenland is defined by the products of alkaline igneous magmatism during the Mesoproterozoic. The most laterally extensive Gardar intrusions are a series of giant dyke complexes best exposed on the Tuttutooq archipelago. We present new field observations and a geological map of north-east Tuttutooq island that provide fresh insights into the temporal evolution of the Younger giant dyke complex and two associated ultramafic lamprophyres. Our data demonstrate that distinctive crystallisation regimes occurred in different sectors of the dyke complex, leading to the formation of marginal gabbros and ovoid pod-like domains displaying lamination, modal layering and/or more evolved differentiates. We infer that at least two pulses of magma contributed to the formation of the Younger giant dyke complex. In addition, the relative ages of two ultramafic lamprophyre diatremes are constrained and attributed to two distinct phases of rifting in the Gardar Province.
|Number of pages
|Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin
|Published - 16 Jun 2021
- Gardar Province
- Magma chamber
- Rift magmatism
- Younger giant dyke complex
FingerprintDive into the research topics of 'New insights from field observations of the Younger giant dyke complex and mafic lamprophyres of the gardar province on Tuttutooq island, South Greenland'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Koopmans, L. (Contributor), Mendeley Data, 5 Jan 2022
Supplementary files for: New insights from field observations of the Younger giant dyke complex and mafic lamprophyres of the Gardar Province on Tuttutooq island, South Greenland
Koopmans, L. (Creator) & Koopmans, L. (Creator), GEUS Dataverse, 2022


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Word of the Week--"Fjord"
Definition--a long narrow steep-sided inlet of the sea between two steep slopes, e.g. in Norway, Greenland or Alaska, formed by the flooding of a previously glaciated valley.
Discussion--If you look up words that start with the letters "fj" in the allwords dictionary, you won't find much. (And if you believed my elementary school teachers, you shouldn't find anything.) Few Scandinavian words have migrated to English or the Romance languages, and "fj" is a decidedly Scandinavian consonant construction.
I love the sound of the term fjord and have dubbed it my favorite "fj" word. It is a lonely term in our language, just as a fjord is generally a lonely place. Deep water surrounded by cliffs can have an oppressive feel, but I suspect they are just the place for quiet contemplation.
Etymology--Not surprisingly, Fjord has Scandinavian roots. It is Norwegian, from the Old Norse fjr.
The languages below show all show the same roots.
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Record
Definition - What does Record mean?
In relational databases, a record is a group of related data held within the same structure. More specifically, a record is a grouping of fields within a table that reference one particular object. The term record is frequently used synonymously with row.
For example, a customer record may include items, such as first name, physical address, email address, date of birth and gender.
A record is also known as a tuple.
Techopedia explains Record
Tables contain columns and rows that, to simplify, are similar in structure to Microsoft Excel. Relational tables have a very similar but more complex structure, as each table column represents a certain table property.
Let's say there is a table named CUSTOMER_MASTER, which stores basic customer data. It might contain a CUSTOMER_SURNAME column, which is used to store customer surnames. This column may have certain parameters, e.g., each surname must be 30 characters or less and only comprised of alphabetical characters. Thus, each customer surname added to the CUSTOMER_MASTER table must meet these parameters.
However, each complete customer row or record also includes other items, such as first name, physical address, email address, date of birth and gender, etc. Each item is categorized into its designated corresponding column. Thus, each customer row or record is one horizontal line of data that holds a collection of items.
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Ambato · Population
Question: What is the population of Ambato? Answer: Ambato, Ecuador (Administrative unit: Tungurahua) - last known population is ≈ 165 200 (year 2010). This was 1.106% of total Ecuador population. If population growth rate would be same as in period 2001-2010 (+0.78%/year), Ambato population in 2021 would be: 179 829*.
Population history [1]
Annual population change
[_PHONE_] +3.21 %/year
[_PHONE_] +3.21 %/year
[_PHONE_] +2.68 %/year
[_PHONE_] +1.98 %/year
[2001-2010] +0.78 %/year
GPS coordinates: -1.254, -78.623
Local time in Ambato: 11:46 Sunday GMT-5.
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Ambato on city and population density map
Sources, Notices
1962c, 1974c, 1982c, 1990c, 2001c, 2010c. Legend: e-estimate, c-census, o-other,..
* Unofficial, calculated population.
[1] Sources
El Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos del Ecuador In Spanish
INEC, Resultados de Búsqueda Population files (Spanish)
List of cities in Ecuador (DE) Ret. 2018-04-27
- Hammond world atlas 1976, 1998 (Census 1962, 1974)


Reptilian Sibling Rivalry
Do you ever fight with your siblings? Unless you're regularly biting, head-butting, and threatening each other all night long, things could probably be worse. The authors of a new PLOS ONE study investigate how well crocodilians get along with each other as youngsters.
Researchers observed seven species of hatchling and juvenile captive-raised crocodilians in Darwin, Australia and Chennai, India. The animals were divided into small groups and then introduced into new mixed water and land enclosures. The scientists counted, classified, and analyzed instances of aggressive interactions, postures and behavior among the animals. Because crocodilians are at their most active in the evenings and during the night (and at their most amiable during the day), the authors analyzed footage from 4pm until 8am the next morning.
Siblings aren't always so bad: juvenile Siamese crocodiles socializing
Siblings aren't always so bad: juvenile Siamese crocodiles socializing
Some but not all of the awesome aggressive behaviors the authors observed during the study included:
 - Biting: "Jaws closed shut on an opponent." Bites range from light mouthing to prolonged bites.
 - Head pushing: "Head is pushed into an opponent."
 - Inflated posture: The crocodilian extends upward on its legs and arches its back downward to appear large and dominant. Other species also modify their posture in a similar fashion when challenged—two classic examples are cats and puffer fish.
 - Tail wagging: Crocodilians (like cats and many other animals) wag their tails as a way to signal and respond to aggression. They also sometimes tail wag as a windup to increase the force of a bite or a side head strike.
 - Side head strikes: One individual thrusts his or her head sideways into another's.
Based on the observed behaviors, the authors classified the seven species according to levels of aggression. The authors suggest that the significant overall differences in relative temperament likely arise from each species' unique ecological environment and adaptations. Some species, like the American alligator, the gharial (native to India), and the freshwater crocodile, were highly tolerant of one another and had relatively few aggressive interactions. When these species did display aggressive behavior, the vast majority of aggressive incidents appeared to be accidental and low-intensity. Other more aggressive species, like the saltwater crocodile and the New Guinea crocodile, displayed pronounced dominance patterns and had a higher incidence of deliberate, intense aggression. These species used direct challenges like biting to establish dominance, and submissive behaviors such as raising the head into the air to yield. Bites and head pushes were the most common forms of aggressive contact across all the species, although many behaviors were species-specific. For example, slender-snouted crocodilians tended to avoid aggressive interactions and the most potentially damaging behaviors, perhaps due to a relatively higher risk of injury.
The researchers suggest that aggressive behavior in young crocodilians could be a survival strategy to help them learn social queues and minimize their chances of being injured in social settings. The extent of the hatchling's aggression may affect how long it takes them to abandon their initial family groups. Babies will spend anywhere from a few weeks to a few years with siblings and a small number of adults, until (like so many humans) they leave their families and strike out on their own "due to a growing intolerance of each other."
The authors indicate that this research may have implications for effectively rearing multiple species in captivity and may also inform the planning, management, and success of effective reintroduction and conservation programs worldwide.
Related Content:
Determinants of Habitat Selection by Hatchling Australian Freshwater Crocodiles
Citation: Brien ML, Lang JW, Webb GJ, Stevenson C, Christian KA (2013) The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly: Agonistic Behaviour in Juvenile Crocodilians. PLoS ONE 8(12): e80872. doi:10.1371/journal.pone._PHONE_
Images: Siamese crocodiles picture by chem7, other pictures taken from Figure 1 of the published paper.


text:
Total Available: 5 (of 8)
3rd - 9th
This six-lesson "Caretakers All" program covers animal care, recycling, environmental independence, soil, water and plant conservation, among other topics. Cattle ranchers in Deschutes County helped fund this education program to teach third and fourth grade students on principles of good environmental caretaking, according to the Oregon Beef Council.
This item does not need to be returned.


text: In this article, Henry Thomson argues that institutions and socio-economic structures interact to generate agricultural policy outcomes. Because authoritarian governments are less responsive to electoral incentives and thus to the interests of the rural population, they implement urban-biased policies that decrease returns to farmers compared to democracies, on average. However, higher levels of agricultural support occur under autocracy when landholding inequality creates a small, powerful landed elite. Income inequality generates redistributive pressure under democracy and hampers food consumers' ability to mobilize against authoritarian regimes, also leading to relatively high levels of support for agriculture among autocracies. When urban interests are powerful, autocracies provide lower levels of agricultural support than do democracies, which also implies lower food prices. I estimate cross-national panel regressions for fifty-six countries between 1960 and 2010, finding significant variation in policy outcomes across democracies and dictatorships which confirms these theoretical predictions.


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I notice that we recently passed the 40th anniversary of the invention of the mobile phone. The telephone is now ubiquitous but you might be surprised at how quickly it arrived in Brisbane after its invention. Alexander Graham Bell demonstrated the first practical telephone in 1876 and published details in the Scientific American on 6 October 1877. The first experiments with telephones in Queensland were conducted at the Brisbane GPO on 26 January 1878 by W. J. Cracknell, Superintendant of Telegraphs. Cracknell was able to set up a demonstration of the telephones at the Exhibition in August of that year along with some other startling scientific exhibits as reported in the minutes of the National Association published in the Brisbane Courier.
That to Mr. W. J. Cracknell, Superintendent of Telegraphs, your committee are indebted for the promise of several highly interesting scientific exhibits at next month's exhibition, all of which are comparatively unknown in Queensland, viz.:
1. The electric light, to be displayed every evening.
2. Explosion of torpedoes in the creek running through Bowen Park, by means of electricity.
3.Telephones fitted up in the main building, and in the park, by which visitors may, at distant points from each other, converse through the medium of these wonderful instruments.
These early telephones could only be used for communication between two fixed points but January 1878 saw the opening of the first commercial telephone exchange which allowed multiple telephone users to be connected and made the instrument truly practical. Brisbane's first telephone exchange was set up at the GPO linking several Government offices in October 1880 and by 1881 there were 36 telephones connected including several private ones. By 1883 a continuous 24 hour service was being provided and 175 telephones were connected. The first country telephone exchange in Australia was opened in Maryborough in 1882 with 32 subscribers.
The first telephone exchanges employed message boys to operate the equipment, however, the boys quickly earned a reputation as inefficient, unruly and impertinent, and in an effort to improve customer service these first operators were replaced by women specifically employed for the job. In 1889 positions were advertised for thirteen telephone exchange switch-board assistants, at a salary of 10 shillings per week, 1671 young women applied. Mrs Dick was appointed as Supervisor.
Mrs William Heddle Dick, First Lady Superintendent of the First Telephone Exchange in the Colony of Queensland
Alterations were made to the building to allow for the employment of female operators, who worked from 8 am to 6 pm, the night shift being deemed unsuitable for female employment. An article published in The Queenslander and attributed to 'Delphia' provides a detailed description of the working environment of these early telephonists.
Group of the first female telephonists in Brisbane, Queensland started in June 1899
The new switchboard on the Telephone Exchange is now in working order; and the female operators are shaping to their novel experience in a manner that augurs well for their future utility, and for the increased convenience of the public service. Mrs. Dick, the lady superintendent, assisted by a monitress, has twelve operators under her charge. Perhaps a more capable-looking assemblage of young women could hardly be found In Brisbane; had the qualification been appearance only, instead of capability, they could well have stood the test. It is somewhat surprising, considering the small amount of salary offered, that such a refined and superior class of workers should have tendered their services, especially when. It is found that some of them come from a distance, as far as Ipswich even, and have to deduct travelling expenses from their earnings. They, no doubt, look upon the appointment as a beginning of better things, and anticipate future promotions in the Government service. It must also be borne in mind that, although they, have passed the necessary education tests, they are ignorant of the telephone duties, until patiently inducted into the method, under the personal supervision of Mr. Hesketh.
The girls enter their offices through a private door on the right hand of the Post Office lane, near Elizabeth-street. After ascending, two flights of narrow stairs, we find the lavatories on the right hand, with necessary fittings, and a comfortable little sitting-room on the left. Around the walls, convenient lockers are fitted up, a separate one, with lock and key, for each operator ; the open doors show a good arrangement for hanging hats and cloaks, and shelves for cups, lunch, books, &c.; outside, they look like wardrobes of polished Maryborough pine. One or two cane lounges, plenty of comfort-able chairs, a large table, and writing secretaire form part of the comfortable furnishings. In one corner a small gas stove is fitted, and a large kettle supplies hot water for the acceptable cup of tea at lunch time. The pretty light tint chosen for the wall colouring gives a brightness to the room and in every way possible in so small a space has the comfort of the girls when off duty been considered. Mrs. Dick is ever on the alert to see that the girls are relieved of duty for a time, when they feel the nervous strain too much, or when the incessant vibration tells upon their endurance. That there will be cause for watchfulness and anxiety in this respect a visit to the switchboard room will show. Such a babel of confused and subdued voices, in the strident, "are you-there" tone. The operators sit in chairs constructed upon pedestals to move slightly from side to side, so as to quickly operate upon the numbers from right to left. Each operator has 100 connections under her charge. To watch the incessant manipulation of the plugs, one would imagine that every telephone-owner spent a good part of his time with a transmitter at his mouth. Ten in the morning is the busiest hour, between 12 and 2 the switching slackens, and increase afterwards up to 4 o'clock.
Interior of Brisbane Central Telephone Exchange, Brisbane, Queensland, 1903
Each operator wears a leather band over the head, with a receiver pressed to the left ear and transmitter near the mouth. The indicators, at the top of the switchboard, rise and fall, showing the number which wants to be switched on. Below are the round holes, bearing the numbers of the telephones—one set called the questioning jacks, the other set the answering jacks. These are connected by plugs, and the connection is made as rapidly as possible. The work to a certain extent is mechanical, but needs the utmost smartness and dexterity, and will prove a trying test to nervous organisations. Being apparently such mechanical work, one is inclined to question the relevancy of such examination posers as the following, which appear on the papers submitted to the applicants as examination tests :—"State what you know of the Brisbane River under the following heads :—Source, course, affluents, outfall, basin, and watersheds." "Where in Queensland are sugar, wheat, coffee, arrowroot, and cocoa-nuts grown? Where are gold, copper, tin, opals, and pearlshell found?" "The side of a square paddock is 440 yards long. How many palings, each 4 In. wide, will be used in fencing the paddock?" Other arithmetic questions about papering walls, bags of marbles, thousands of oranges, barrels of ale, and boxes of matches, but not one question about modern science, the discovery and development of telephony, or reference to the life of Edison, or the principles of acoustics and the transmission of sound.
The operators look very business-like and comely in their uniforms of dark-blue serge and neat white collars and cuffs. The lady superintendent and monitress wear black. The hours are not heavy—altogether about eight hours a day, with relieving operators to take charge at intervals of rest. At present there are boys employed on the switchboard, as well as the girls, but Mr. Hessketh hopes to replace them in time by the women, and is very sanguine of good results.
Inside the Brisbane Central Telephone Exchange, ca. 1927
The work of the exchange operators continued in much the same fashion until the Brisbane exchange was switched over to an automatic exchange in 1929. Trunk operators were still required for interstate and international calls until a new type of automated exchange, the Crossbar system, allowed the introduction of Subscriber Trunk Dialling in the 1960s. The first Crossbar exchange in Australia was installed at Toowoomba in 1960. In 1963 a new eight story telephone exchange was planned for construction in Elizabeth Street, Brisbane.
Model of the new telephone exchange to be built on Elizabeth Street, Brisbane, 1963
The John Oxley Library holds several titles on the development of telephone exchanges. The Palace of winged words : the development of telephone exchanges in Australia published by Telecom Australia in 1980 and Resistance on the line : a history of Australian Telephonists and their Trade Unions, _PHONE_ by Jeff Rickertt.
Simon Miller – Library Technician, State Library of Queensland


Iran Politics Club
Meaning of Faravahar
Website For Thinking Iranians
Back to index Meaning of Faravahar,
Derafsh Kaviani and Persian Colors
Meaning of Faravahar, Derafsh Kaviani and Persian Colors
Ahreeman X
May 12, 2007
I wrote this document a long ago, when we started the IPC, but recently, I have revised and updated it.
Derafsh Kaviani (The Mythical History)
The mythical history of Iran and Shahnameh by Ferdowsi takes Derafsh Kaviani back to the ancient times of Kianian Era. Kaveh the Ironsmith torn his leather shirt and put it on a spear-top, risen it in the sky and this is how Derafsh Kaviani started its existence. Kaveh became the symbol of revolutionaries and started a revolt against the Tazi (Arab) King Zahak, who occupied Iran. This rebellion expanded to a full blown revolution and ended up in Fereydoun (The Iranian King) of Kiani Dynasty to eliminate Zahak and for Iranians to once more rule Iran. Of course some historians report that Ferdowsi's Shahnameh is inspired by actual history. Some believe that Zahak represents Astiak (Azhidahak) the Median King and Fereydoun is actually Cyrus The Great, starter of the Achaemenid Dynasty. The problem with this theory is that Meds were Persian (Iranian) and not Arabs!
Then there is the theory that Kaveh was actually based on "Yaqub Leis Saffarid" the liberator of Iran who kicked the Arab Caliph (supposedly Zahak) out of Iran and revived the Iranian rule of Saffarids (Fereydoun's Kiani Dynasty's rule).
Theories are many, but even thought Shahnameh is inspired by true history, yet it is not the actual history of Iran. Shahnameh is a great epical book but it is far from actual history. Kiani Dynasty could have been a dynasty in Pre-Median Iran or it could be Saffarids; however, either way, the details do not match the actual history. It seems like Ferdowsi mixed and matched various eras of the Persian History to create Shahnameh. Great epic, yet not actual history indeed.
Derafsh Kaviani (The Actual History)
According to the historical evidence, so far we can date the Derafsh Kaviani all the way back to the Pre-Avesta Era (850 BC - 728 BC) and The Kingdom Era (728 BC - 559 BC).
For more information, review:
Pictorial History of Iranian Flags
The Derafsh at those times, was in its primitive form. Later on it had evolved to its Sassanid form.
The Original Derafsh Kaviani
Derafsh Kaviani (The Sassanid Era)
The Sassanid Derafsh Kaviani (224 AD - 651 AD) was supposedly originated from the torn leather shirt of Kaveh; therefore, it was made of leather.
The Sassanid Version of Derafsh Kaviani
The Derafsh had evolved to 7 meter long and 5 meter wide and each Sassanid Shahanshah used to add a few more precious stones to the Derfsh. As we see, the Derafsh was reported to have been made from the Panther Skin. Derafsh was a square piece of valuable and fine crafted Panther Skin Leather placed on a spear. The tip of the spear was clearly visible on top of the banner. The pattern on the banner was a large star with a central circle and four pieces of diamond, oval or paisley shaped wings on four sides of the central circle. On top of this large star was also placed another small star represented by another circle (Ferdowsi states it as "Akhtar Kaviani"). Four sides of this banner was designed with precious shreds of gold and silver thread fabrics and silk. At the bottom of the banner there were four roots in form of sashes. These sashes were made of precious fabrics such as silk, satin and other shiny textile material, each containing various numbers of precious stones along the body and end-piece of it. These sashes were in yellow, purple, red and white fabrics. There were jewels all over the banner stitched in the leather. These jewels were of large size pieces and extremely valuable. These pieces were consisting of diamonds, emeralds, rubies, turquoise, onyx, amethyst, and other precious stones. Each Shahanshah of Sassanid used to ad more jewels and patterns to the Derafsh.
Pattern of Derafsh Kaviani
Derafsh was often carried and risen in battles by Commander in Chief of the Persian Forces and mainly Arteshbod (General) Rostam Farokhzad.
After the Arab victory and establishment of the first AIOG (Arabo-Islamic Occupational Government), Arabo-Muslim had captured the Derafsh. Omar the Arab Caliph was simply amazed by the glory and value of this banner. Omar wanted to keep the Derafsh intact; however, Ali, Amir al Mo'menin (the 4th Caliph of Rashedin and the 1st Shiite Imam) who was at the time, in charge of the loots and logistics of the Mesopotamian region (Khashtarah or State of Ctesiphone), strictly ordered the Arabs to snatch and rip all the valuable stones off the Derafsh and then to further insult Iranians, Ali ordered his troops to burn the Derafsh Kaviani. By burning Derafsh Kaviyani, Ali in fact destroyed centuries of Persian Tradition, Culture and History. Ali despised Iranians.
Nowdays, we hear all kinds of garbage from Shiite Mullahs and Iranian Seyeds, Half-Breeds and Iranian Muslim (Persian Traitors), that Ali loved Iranians and Ali was the protector of Iranians! They say Ali was flawless, innocent and clean from the guilt! They put the blames for all the Arab war atrocities on Omar! In reality, Omar was an angel compare to Ali! The fact was that Ali slaughtered Iranians by thousands and he even personally beheaded a great number of Persians via his famous double edged scimitar (Shamshir-e Zolfaqar) himself! Burning the Derafsh and tearing the Mighty and Gigantic Baharestan Carpet in to hundreds of pieces and shipping them back to Arabia was only the tip of the iceberg amongst the War Crimes of this animal named Ali ibn al Abi Talib (Alayh al Salam) or so called the first Shiite Imam!
Iranian Shiite Muslim who worship this Arab Beast, are either ignorant to history or are simply Persian Traitors betraying their own culture by their Arab Worship!
Derafsh Kaviani (Colors)
The Central Star and the upper star were of color gold. The banner itself was also a goldish yellow color with black spots because it was made of the panther skin. The spear was a gold spear. Stones and jewels all around the banner were of various colors depending on the stone type. On the spear top were often a golden eagle placed as the symbol of the Persian Imperial Power. The sashes hanging from the banner were in yellow, purple, red and white fabrics.
Yellow = Light, wisdom, Sun, Heat
Purple = The official color of the Imperial Immortal Guards and Sassanid courthouse
Red = Persian Bravery, Blood and sacrifice
White = Peace and prosperity
Throughout the history, Derafsh Kaviyani was off and on the official banner of the Persian Empire. Derafsh Kaviani was a symbol of Persian Resistance to tyranny and a national symbol.
Persian Colors
What are the representation and meaning of the new Persian colors of Green, White, and Red of the Persian Flag?
I researched about the true tone of each color Green, White, and Red and then examined and experimented with 25 different shades of Green, 3 White, and 6 Red with html web design official colors, using the html color codes. Finally I got them right, the way they suppose to be in the original three-color flag of Iran. Here are the actual shades of the Persian Tricolor:
A Historical Flashback
Here's some background history of the flag and the history of how we ended up with the present colors.
According to Persian mythology, Kaveh was a ironsmith or a blacksmith and led a rebellion to overthrow Zahak [Azhidahak (Dragon) in ancient persian] who had reigned on Iranveyj for 1000 years. Kaveh put an end to a millennium of Zaratostrian Religion. Each millennium corresponds to a stage in the never-ending fight between Ahreeman (Ancient God of Evil) and Ahuramazda (Ancient God of Good). Although Kaveh was the winner, he was not of celestial origin, so his role in the history finishes here and Iranveyj was ruled by another king.
During his movement, Kaveh used a piece of blacksmith leather as his flag. This flag is not used nowadays but is a well-known flag in Iran and is a sign of nationalism. It is called Derafsh-e Kaviani, which means "the flag of Kaveh".
Ferdowsi, the great Persian Poet, Father of Persian Language had a crucial role in this


text:
Anatomical study of the superficial temporal branches of the auriculotemporal nerve: Application to surgery and other invasive treatments to the temporal region.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg
Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cadaver; Female; Humans; Male; Mandibular Nerve; Temporal Lobe; Temporomandibular Joint; Trigeminal Nerve
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The auriculotemporal nerve (ATN) is one of the branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, which gives rise to many branches to the retromandibular and temporal regions. Of these, the superficial temporal branch can occasionally be the cause of migraine headaches and auriculotemporal neuralgia. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the anatomy of the superficial temporal branch, which has never been described in detail.
METHODS: A total of 14 sides of cadaveric heads were used for this study. The number of superficial temporal branch was counted, and the horizontal and vertical distances from the middle of the tragus to the branching point were measured.
RESULTS: Three of 14 sides had two main trunks, and 11 sides had one main trunk. Each of the duplicated ATN had already branches into two main trunks as they left the retromandibular space. The number of superficial temporal branches ranged from two to seven. The vertical and horizontal distances from the middle of the tragus to the branching point of the superficial temporal branch ranged from 6.19 to 25.65 mm and from 3.45 to 11.88 mm, respectively. The communicating branches occasionally formed a loop or so-called "ansa," and a double ansa was identified in one case.
CONCLUSIONS: These data can provide surgeons a better view of the course of these distant branches, so that skin incisions can be better planned.
Neurosciences (Brain & Spine)
Iwanaga, Joe; Watanabe, Koichi; Saga, Tsuyoshi; Fisahn, Christian; Oskouian, Rod J; and Tubbs, R Shane, "Anatomical study of the superficial temporal branches of the auriculotemporal nerve: Application to surgery and other invasive treatments to the temporal region." (2017). Articles, Abstracts, and Reports. 2456.


November 18: Nathaniel Palmer Discovers Antarctica
Born in Stonington, Connecticut in 1799, Nathaniel Brown Palmer, like so many other young men from Stonington, first set sail at an early age, working as a teenage deckhand on American ships running through the British naval blockade during the War of 1812. After the war, Palmer joined scores of Connecticut sailors who sought their fortunes by hunting seals for the lucrative and recently-established China trade, taking command of his first ship, the Galina, at the tender age of 19.
By the second decade of the 19th century, however, global seal populations were already experiencing a sharp decline from over-hunting, forcing sailors like Palmer to venture further and further southward into uncharted waters. During the fall of 1820, the 21-year-old Palmer was exploring the seas south of Cape Horn a captain of the small, seal-hunting sloop Hero when, on November 18, he spotted a land mass that had yet to be recorded on any known map. That land, which the young captain modestly named "Palmer Land," was the northernmost tip of the continent of Antarctica, known today as the Antarctic Peninsula.
In 1988, the U.S. Postal Service recognized Palmer's discovery of Antarctica with a stamp.
While Palmer's claim of being the first person to discover Antarctica is disputed — two other sea captains, one from Russia and one from England, claimed to have spotted the continent slightly earlier than the date given in Palmer's ship's log — he is credited with being the first American to do so. After his seal-hunting adventures drew to a close, Palmer returned to Stonington to become one of the port town's leading citizens and a renowned shipbuilder. His Victorian mansion in Stonington was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1994, and is seasonally open to the public as a house museum operated by the Stonington Historical Society. Unlike his Russian and English competitors, Palmer's namesake "Palmer Land" remains on modern maps of Antarctica. In 1968, a new United States research station built on the peninsula was named Palmer Station in the Stonington captain's honor, ensuring that his legacy of exploration and seafaring lives on to the present day.
Further Reading
Nathaniel Palmer Discovers Antarctica,"
Erik Ofgang, "Did a Captain from Stonington Discover Antarctica?Connecticut Magazine
Captain Nathaniel B. Palmer House Museum website, Stonington Historical Society


text: A cushion is a soft bag of some ornamental material, stuffed with wool, hair, feathers, or even paper torn into fragments. It may be used for sitting or kneeling upon, or to soften the hardness or angularity of a chair or couch. Cushions can be used temporarily outside, to soften a hard ground. They can be placed on sunloungers and used to prevent annoyances from moist grass and biting insects. The cushion is a very ancient article of furniture; the inventories of the contents ofpalaces and great houses in the early Middle ages constantly made mention of them. Cushions were then often of great size, covered with leather, and firm enough to serve as a seat, but the steady tendency of all furniture has been to grow smaller with time. Cushions were, indeed, used as seats at all events in Franceand Spain at a very much later period, and in Saint-Simon's time we find that in the Spanish court they were still regarded as a peculiarly honourable substitute for a chair. In France, the right to kneel upon a cushion in church behind the king was jealously guarded and strictly regulated, as we learn again from Saint-Simon. This type of cushion was called a carreau, or square. When seats were rude and hard, cushions may have been a necessity; they are now one of the minor luxuries of life.


Chanting Nam Myoho Renge Kyo
Nichiren (1222-82) established the chanting of Nam-myoho-renge-kyo as the way to awaken one's Buddha nature and tap into the deepest level of our existence, where our own lives and that of the universe are one. He first taught the invocation of the phrase to a small group at Seicho-ji temple in Awa province, Japan, on April 28, 1253.
Nam derives from the Sanskrit word namu , meaning "to devote oneself." Nichiren established the practice of chantingNam-myoho-renge-kyo as a means to enable all people to put their lives in harmony or rhythm with the Buddhist law, or Dharma. In the original Sanskrit, namu indicates the elements of action and attitude, and refers therefore to the correct action one needs to take and the attitude one needs to develop in order to attain Buddhahood in this lifetime.
The lotus flower grows and blooms in a muddy pond, and yet remains pristine and free from any defilement,symbolising the emergence of Buddhahood from within the life of an ordinary person in the midst of the struggles of day-to-day existence.
Kyo literally means sutra, the voice or teaching of a Buddha. In this sense, it also means sound, rhythm or vibration. In a broad sense kyo conveys the concept that all things in the universe are a manifestation of the Mystic Law.
SGI President Daisaku Ikeda on chanting daimoku:
"Being human, it's quite natural for our minds to wander, for all sorts of thoughts and memories to surface. [...] There is no set form or pattern for how we should pray. Buddhism emphasises being natural. Therefore, simply chant earnestly without pretence or artifice, just as you are. In time, as your faith develops, you'll naturally find it easier to focus your mind when you chant.
"It's natural for prayers to centre on your own desires and dreams. [...] By chanting very naturally, without affectation or reservation, for what you seek most of all you'll gradually come to develop a higher and more expansive life-condition. Of course, it's perfectly fine as well to chant with the resolve to become a bigger-hearted person or for the welfare of your friends and for kosen-rufu - the happiness and flourishing of all humankind."


This laboaratory undertake the cases of sexual offences for the age verification, to study the vaginal smear, hair and clothings of the victim and accused. The histopathological investigation helps in final diagnosis in the matters of forensic interest such as antemortem and postmortem burns, age of injuries, electrical burns, firearm injuries and lesions. The tissues preserved by the autopsy surgeon for such purposes are examined in this institute to express a logical scientific conclusion.
This institute is pioneer in investigation of rape cases where most of the silent eye witness of the rape like dust, mud, water, vegetables, flora of the spot have been successfully linked with the spot,victim and accused.
This laboratory is equipped with the cooling centrifuge, rotary microtom, deep freezer and microscopes.
Nearly 800 cases are being examined every year.


text:
In my opinion there is confusion around the architect positions. I have seen some strange position titles with the word "architect" in them. The way I like to explain the whole concept is by comparing organization architects to building architects. The building architect's main focus is the design and integrity of a building whereas the organization architect's main focus is the design and integrity of the whole operation. There are 3 architectural levels as follows:
1. Building Architect – The role of a building architect is to understand the strategic goals and objectives of the building and create a design working within the city's policies and standards. This is true wether the design is a renovation, addition or a new build. The end result is a blue print.
A building architect is not an electrician nor plumber and does not get into the wiring nor plumbing details but does have an appreciation of the trades and can highlight certain requirements. Once the main blue print is created an electrician will take a copy and start over laying their designs, and a plumber will do the same thing.
2. Discipline Architects – Electricians and plumbers are examples of disciplines. The role of an electrician for example is to understand the building codes that apply to electrical, add their design to the blue print, have the implementation inspected to ensure compliancy and coordinate with experts related to specialty electrical systems.
For example the head electrician will direct staff to drill the holes and pull the wires implementing the design, schedule an inspector to ensure compliancy and coordinate with a home theatre specialist.
An electrician is not an expert in all of the different electrical systems. They will reach out to solution experts in this case the home theatre specialist to detail the designs for a home theatre system. The electrician will coordinate among all of the electrical system experts.
3. Solution Architects – The home theatre specialist is an example of a solution architect. They know their system inside and out, their sole focus is that one system.
Going back to the organization architects you will notice a similar pattern.
1. Enterprise Architect – The role of the enterprise architect is to understand the strategic goals and objectives of the organization and create a design. The end result is a "TO BE Architecture" or Future Operating Model. For more details around the role and responsibilities of an EA refer to my previous post.
2. Discipline Architects – The discipline architects focus on designs and standards within their area of discipline. Their role is to work with the EA to understand the TO BE Architecture (similar to the blue print) and to over lay the details of their discipline. They will create standards (similar to the building codes in the example above) to ensure consistency, reviews (similar to inspections in the example above) to ensure compliance and create measures and tools as a way to monitor the day to day operations ensuring strategic goals continue to be met. Looking at each discipline independently:
- The business architect is all about the user/customer/client experience, and efficient business processes. The tools and measures center around KPIs (Key Progress Indicators). The business process manager and business analyst are examples of roles that would use the measures and tools to ensure day to day operations continue to meet the goals.
- The data and information architects as their name states focus on data and information. The difference between the two is the data architect usually focuses more within the database and the information architect deals with the bigger picture of enterprise content of which data is just one part. This discipline works very closely with the business architect. They must understand how information relates to the business, and how it is used within the processes so they can create standards around how to find, store, use, share and secure the data and information.
- The integration and application architects focus on software. The difference between the two is the integration architect usually focuses more with the in's and out's of the different systems and how they communicate with each other. The application architect deals with the bigger picture and focuses on the systems and functions including integration. This discipline works with the business and information architects to understand how the functions relate to the business processes. They create standards ensuring applications are decommissioned to avoid duplication, upgrades happen to avoid unsupported software, and functions are efficient and shared across systems to avoid duplications and inconsistency.
- The technical and infrastructure architects focus on hardware. They create standards related to the network, servers, and routers as a few examples.
- The security architect works closely with each of the other 4 disciplines adding the security components and standards. They also create measures and tools to assist with risk assessments and security breaches.
3. The solution architects – The solution architects are focused on individual areas or systems within an organization. Each of the 5 disciplines have a number of solution architects to help detail out the specific pieces within their domain. They are responsible for the designs, standards and measures related to their system.
In summary an architect does not implement nor run the day to day business, they create:
- designs so everyone knows what they are working towards,
- standards and guidelines to ensure consistency across the organization during implementation,
- reviews to ensure compliancy and
- measures and tools to ensure production is meeting the organizations goals and objectives.
The difference between the Enterprise Architect and Solution Architect is the area of focus and the level of detail.


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The object model and relational model are different schemas and as such compromises have to happen. NHibernate makes a very good job in hiding those compromises in most cases, but when it comes to inverse management you the developer need to take a stand on what compromise is the right one for your solution. Now you know your options, choose wisely.
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closed as off-topic by RegDwigнt Jun 27 '13 at 19:38
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It is another way to say "commit to" or "take a position on." I'm not sure on this, but it probably comes by a battlefield analogy, where it can be important for symbolic reasons for one side to hold some particular piece of ground in the face of adversity. For example, in the United States, the famous Martin Luther King Jr. might be described as having "taken a stand" on civil rights issues, because he protested bigotry and segregation despite being at risk for his life and being jailed for his activism.
Pictures make the best examples: A caption for this famous painting of Delacroix's might describe her, Lady Liberty, as "taking a stand" for liberty, the revolution, and France. You can see how the meaning of the phrase derives from its imagery; note the Lady's body language.
...the developer needs to take a stand on what compromise is the right one for your solution.
In the sentence you gave here, the usage is not quite so dramatic as in the above; an adequate replacement would be "make a firm choice" or "take a firm commitment to" whatever solution your text is talking about. The key, in all the various meanings I've given, is the importance of the adjective "firm"; taking a stand, now matter dramatic you want to be, is the opposite of its antonyms "noncommital," "wavering," or "wishy-washy."
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Commitment is a big part of it, but there is a nuance. I would say it is possible for someone to commit to something privately without taking a stand. To "take a stand on" something usually entails a public commitment. It also entails a firm commitment (as you suggested), meaning that the person will effectively maintain or defend his position in an argument over the issue at hand. – Matthew Burr Mar 2 '11 at 7:07
I had a rather more prosaic example come to mind :) – Benjol Mar 2 '11 at 13:19


text:
What is blank verse in Shakespearean drama (especially in regards to A Midsummer Night's Dream)?
2 Answers | Add Yours
Since you specifically asked about the use of blank verse in A Midsummer Night's Dream, I have moved this question.
Essentially there are three worlds in the play: the world of the court, the world of the workers, and the world of fairy land. In both in the court and fairyland, blank verse is spoken while Bottom and his mates speak prose.
Since both the court and fairy land are formal worlds, the language is formal. Bottom and his mates are workers. They speak prose to show there are of a lower class. It also shows that these men are friends and they speak an informal language. Even when Titiana speaks verse to him, Bottom speaks in prose.
Shakespeare often used prose to show lower class characters against the higher class ones. This is not always the case. For example the play Much Ado About Nothing is about 60% prose.
As stated by cldbentley, blank verse is a rhythm. From the time it was first used by Christopher Marlowe, it became the standard for Elizabethan theatre. (It is easier to memorize and most closely resembles everyday English speech rhythms.)
Shakespeare used blank verse a great deal throughout his writings. Blank verse is a form of poetry containing lines that do not rhyme. Although they are unrhymed, these lines do consist of iambic pentameter, which is five stressed beat in every line with every other syllable being stressed. Often, it is easier to really notice the stressing of syllables when they are read aloud than when they are read silently.
In Shakespeare's plays, characters who spoke iambic pentameter were usually important. Minor or insignificant characters often did not speak in verse at all.
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text:
Adding the Lookup_array for the MATCH Function
This step covers adding the Lookup_array argument for the nested MATCH function.
The Lookup_array is the range of cells that the MATCH function will search to find the Lookup_value argument added in the previous step of the tutorial.
In this example, we want the MATCH function to search cells D5 to G5 for a match to the name of the month that will be entered into cell E2.
These steps are to be entered after the comma entered in the previous step on the Col_index_num line in the VLOOKUP function dialog box.
- If necessary, click on the Col_index_num line after the comma to place the insertion point at the end of the current entry.
- Drag select cells D5 to G5 in the worksheet to enter these cell references as the range the function is to search.
- Press the F4 key on the keyboard to change this range into absolute cell references. Doing so will make it possible to copy the completed lookup formula to other locations in the worksheet in the last step of the tutorial
- Type a comma ", " after the cell reference E3 to complete the entry of the MATCH function's Lookup_array argument.


text:
The US Air Force Research Laboratory's Sensors Directorate (AFRL/RY) has developed and tested an interleaved delta sigma DAC that can synthesize frequencies from near DC (0 Hz) to near the sampling frequency (fs) by switching among low-, band-, and high-pass noise transfer functions. The technology overcomes inherent trade-offs between bandwidth and maximum output frequency without sacrificing the benefits of an all-digital architecture.
The Air Force's technology is suited for highly integrated silicon systems-on-chip and offers considerable benefits to compound semiconductor applications, including lower part counts that reduce complexity, weight, size, and power requirements, in addition to simplifying digital adjustment and calibration. AFRL/RY's delta sigma DAC enables the potential for multi-standard (e.g. communications and radar) devices through on-the-fly reconfiguration of power and transmission requirements.
- Spectrally Agile: Switching amongst low-, band-, and high-pass noise transfer functions improves bandwidth over a broader RF spectrum range
- Higher I/Q Accuracy: Wholly digital up-conversion increases in-phase/quadrature modulation precision
- Reduced Design Complexity: Enables lower parts count devices with reduced weight/size and decreased calibration requirements
- US Patent 9,065,472 is available for license and commercialization
- Potential for collaboration with US Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors Directorate researchers


Mithril
mount(root, component)
Description
Activates a component, enabling it to autoredraw on user events
var state = {
 count: 0,
 inc: function() {state.count++}
}
var Counter = {
 view: function() {
 return m("div", {onclick: state.inc}, state.count)
 }
}
m.mount(document.body, Counter)
To pass arguments when mounting a component use:
m.mount(element, {view: function () {return m(Component, attrs)}})
Signature
m.mount(element, Component)
Argument Type Required Description
element Element Yes A DOM element that will be the parent node to the subtree
Component Component|null Yes The component to be rendered. null unmounts the tree and cleans up internal state.
returns Returns nothing
How to read signatures
How it works
m.mount(element, Component), when called renders the component into the element and subscribe the (element, Component) pair to the redraw subsystem. That tree will be re-rendered when manual or automatic redraws are triggered.
On redraw, the new vDOM tree is compared (or "diffed") with the old one, and the existing DOM tree is modified only where needed to reflect the changes. Unchanged DOM nodes are not touched at all.
Replace a component
Running mount(element, OtherComponent) where element is a current mount point replaces the component previously mounted with OtherComponent.
Unmount
Using m.mount(element, null) on an element with a previously mounted component unmounts it and cleans up Mithril.js internal state. This can be useful to prevent memory leaks when removing the root node manually from the DOM.
Headless mounts
In certain more advanced situations, you may want to subscribe and listen for redraws without rendering anything to the screen. This can be done using a headless mount, created by simply invoking m.mount with an element that's not added to the live DOM tree and putting all your useful logic in the component you're mounting with. You still need a view in your component, just it doesn't have to return anything useful and it can just return a junk value like null or undefined.
var elem = document.createElement("div")
// Subscribe
m.mount(elem, {
 oncreate: function() {
 // once added
 },
 onupdate: function() {
 // on each redraw
 },
 onremove: function() {
 // clean up whatever you need
 },
 // Necessary boilerplate
 view: function () {},
})
// Unsubscribe
m.mount(elem, null)
There's no need to worry about other mount roots. Multiple roots are supported and they won't step on each other. You can even do the above in a component when integrating with another framework, and it won't be a problem.
Performance considerations
It may seem wasteful to generate a vnode tree on every redraw, but as it turns out, creating and comparing JavaScript data structures is surprisingly cheap compared to reading and modifying the DOM.
Touching the DOM can be extremely expensive for a couple of reasons. Alternating reads and writes can adversely affect performance by causing several browser repaints to occur in quick succession, whereas comparing virtual dom trees allows writes to be batched into a single repaint. Also, the performance characteristics of various DOM operations vary between implementations and can be difficult to learn and optimize for all browsers. For example, in some implementations, reading childNodes.length has a complexity of O(n); in some, reading parentNode causes a repaint, etc.
In contrast, traversing a JavaScript data structure has a much more predictable and sane performance profile, and in addition, a vnode tree is implemented in such a way that enables modern JavaScript engines to apply aggressive optimizations such as hidden classes for even better performance.
Differences from m.render
A component rendered via m.mount automatically redraws in response to view events, m.redraw() calls or m.request() calls. Vnodes rendered via m.render() do not.
m.mount() is suitable for application developers integrating Mithril.js widgets into existing codebases where routing is handled by another library or framework, while still enjoying Mithril.js' auto-redrawing facilities.
m.render() is suitable for library authors who wish to manually control rendering (e.g. when hooking to a third party router, or using third party data-layer libraries like Redux).
License: MIT. © Leo Horie.