text:
open the oven prematurely or obsessively to stick toothpicks in your cakes. Opening the door releases a lot of heat, and could cause problems.
36. Design icing: Toothpicks are also handy after the cake is out of the oven. The thin tip makes a nice "pencil" for sketching out designs and words on the cake before permanently applying your decorations in icing.
37. Differentiate foods: At a party or potluck, use differently colored or labeled toothpicks to mark foods with different ingredients or cooked to different levels. For example, you can mark wheat and gluten-free rolls, or meat and vegetarian dumplings, or rare, medium and well-done burgers.
38. Make food handles: Speaking of parties, make messy appetizers and desserts easier to handle with toothpicks. You can even class them up with tiny flowers, Martha Stewart-style.
39. Complete a martini: Toothpicks are also great for adding olives to martinis or fruit to tropical cocktails, or even a fancy way to put an orange or lemon slice in a beer.
40. Dress a ham: Add flavor and color to a baked ham by pinning pineapples and cherries to the ham with toothpicks. I know from personal experience that real toothpicks are a better option than makeshift splinters of firewood (I was once without toothpicks at a holiday family dinner and actually resorted to splinters of firewood).
41. Make a fruit bouquet: Use toothpicks and wooden skewers to make edible arrangements of fruit or other treats.
42. Hold a sandwich together: Restaurants don't spear club sandwiches with toothpicks just to provide a way to get bacon out of your teeth. They also serve a structural purpose in keeping sandwiches and burgers from falling apart. Serve neater sandwiches held together with toothpicks.
43. Hold together grilled vegetables: Push toothpicks horizontally through onion slices to keep them from falling apart on the grill. You can also use toothpicks to hold together stacks of vegetables and cheese for quickly melting the cheese on the grill. It's best to soak the toothpicks in water for 10 minutes before putting them on the grill.
44. Use when marinating: Stick a toothpick through garlic cloves or other items you plan to remove from a marinade. It's an easier, safer and more hygienic way to remove the garlic before serving.
45. Protect the stovetop: To keep pots from boiling over, create a little gap for escaping steam by sticking a toothpick under the lid.
46. Cook potatoes even faster: Microwaves make quick work of cooking potatoes, but you can cook spuds and other vegetables even faster by suspending them on little toothpick legs. The potato will cook more quickly and evenly on all sides, including the bottom.
47. Cook sausages: To cook sausages evenly and easily, pair them up with toothpicks. They will be easier to turn over, they won't roll around in the pan, and you only need to turn them once.
48. Make a dressing dripper: Free-flowing dressings can really heap the calories on an otherwise healthy salad. Instead of removing the entire foil seal on bottled dressing, poke smaller holes in the top with a toothpick, releasing a slower and healthier drip of dressing.
49. Make a sweet or spicy "snack": Flavored toothpicks are a good way to satisfy hunger cravings without adding calories. Cinnamon toothpicks and other flavors are widely available, or you can make your own with cinnamon oil.
50. Get food out of your teeth (maybe): As the name suggests, this is the primary use of a toothpick. However, some dentists warn against toothpicks, and prefer dental floss for removing material between teeth. But keep some toothpicks handy anyway for the other 49 uses.
Steve Graham is a Hometalk - _URL_ - writer. Read more articles like this one - _URL_ - or get help with your home projects on Hometalk.com.
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How do you write text over arrows in LaTeX?
Text over arrow is an important expression, which we constantly use chemistry or in different fields. Multiple packages and commands are present to print this expression into a latex document.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools,halloweenmath}
\begin{document}
 $$ \underleftarrow{abc} \; \underleftrightarrow{abcdr}\;\underrightarrow{abc} $$
 $$ \xleftarrow{chem} \; \xrightarrow{physi} $$
 % use of halloweenmath package
 $$ \underscriptleftarrow{abc}\; \underscriptleftrightarrow{abc}\; \underscriptrightarrow{abc} $$
\end{document}
Output :
Text over Arrow.
amsmath package has the same command as stix package. However, in this case there are some structural changes in the shape of the arrow.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{stix}
\begin{document}
 $$ \underleftarrow{pqr} \; \underleftrightarrow{pqr}\;\underrightarrow{pqr} $$
 $$ \underleftarrow{physics} \; \underleftrightarrow{math}\;\underrightarrow{chemistry} $$
\end{document}
Output :
Text over Arrow stix package.
You will see the use of \xrightarrow command for this expression in different latex books or online documents, which is available in the amsmath and mathtools package.
But, I think it's not a best practices.
Write text over double arrow in LaTeX
Notice the program below, where the \xLeftarrow and \xRightarrow commands are used for left and right double arrows.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\begin{document}
 $$ \xLeftarrow{use}\; \xLeftrightarrow{double} \xRightarrow{arrow} $$
 $$ \xLeftarrow{f(x)}\; \xLeftrightarrow{g(x)} \xRightarrow{f^1(x)} $$
 $$ A \xRightarrow{\Delta}\;B \xRightarrow{\Delta} C $$
 $$ \xLeftrightarrow{g^1(x)} $$
\end{document}
Output :
Text over double arrow.
However, the point is that you have used this command before, but latex is case sensitive so in both cases the spelling of the command is the same but the work will be different.
Write text over harpoons in LaTeX
There are structural differences between harpoon and common arrow. One side of the harpoon is like an arrow, and the opposite side is like a normal line.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\begin{document}
 $$ \xleftharpoondown{xyz} \;\xrightharpoondown{xyz} $$
 $$ \xleftharpoonup{zyx} \;\xrightharpoonup{zyx} $$
 $$ \xleftrightharpoons{xyz}\;\xrightleftharpoons{xyz} $$
\end{document}
Output :
Text over harpoon arrow.
Write text above and below arrow in LaTeX
If you want to use text at the above and below of an arrow at the same time, the chemarrow package is best practice. For example
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{chemarrow}
\begin{document}
 $$ A + B \; \autorightarrow{m}{h}\;C $$
 $$ D \; \autoleftarrow{a}{h}\;M + N $$
 $$ A + B \;\autorightleftharpoons{m}{h}\; C + D $$
\end{document}
Output :
Text above and below arrow.
You can add text under each arrow bypassing the text as an optional argument with each text over arrow command in the mathtools package.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\begin{document}
 $$ \xleftarrow[qrs]{pqr} \; \xrightarrow[qrs]{pqr} $$
 $$ \xhookleftarrow[pqr]{qrs} \; \xhookrightarrow[pqr]{qrs} $$
 $$ \xLeftarrow[pqr]{abc} \; \xRightarrow[pqr]{abc} $$
 $$ B + HNO_3\;\xrightarrow[\Delta]{H_2SO_4}\; H_3BO_3 + NO_2 $$
\end{document}
Output :
Text above and below arrow.
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Md Jidan Mondal
LaTeX expert with over 10 years of experience in document preparation and typesetting. Specializes in creating professional documents, reports, and presentations using LaTeX.
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Tuesday Jan 29, 2013
Defining Essbase Security using Metaread Filter
Defining security in multidimensional databases like Essbase is a subject that some administrators would rather prefer to get around. Anyway it's no rocket science and follows a clear logic, how read, write or no access should be applied to applications, databases or numbers in the database, by using filters, in order to achieve the respective settings for making data available to users – or even not available. But there is another, fourth setting available in Essbase filters, which some administrators are not yet aware of, or at least not aware of how to apply it correctly: the so called Metaread access setting. So let's have a look at this very useful option and shed some light on its efficient use.
Not only giving or denying access to the data and figures in an Essbase database is frequently required, but also in some cases blocking the user's ability to see members and hierarchy, in other words parts of the metadata. This is what the Metaread filter addresses. But Metaread in various ways is different from the other three filter options, None, Read and Write. First of all, as it does not apply to the data/numbers in the database like all the others, but to metadata, where it limits visibility of members and parts of the hierarchy. Also it doesn't know an AND logic, but only OR. And finally it overrides definitions made with Read or Write in the way, that even granted Read or Write data access on given members or member combinations cannot be executed, when Metaread definitions exclude these members from being seen at all by the user.
So how does it work in detail: Usually users can display all metadata, meaning they can see all members in the hierarchy, even if no Read or Write data access is given to them on these members. Metaread now adds another layer to existing filter definitions and enforces them by removing certain members or branches from the user's view. It only allows users to see the explicitly defined members and their ancestors in the hierarchy, where for the ancestors only the hierarchy/member names are visible, while for the declared members always at least read access for the respective data is granted. In the case that data Write access would be given at the same time for the members defined in Metaread, this access would be maintained as Write and not reduced to read-only. Siblings of the defined Metaread members are not visible at all. This is illustrated in the example below.
essbase screenshot
For all other cells not being specified in the Metaread filter, unless not defined differently in another filter, the minimum database access applies, first the one defined at the user access level, or with second priority the setting from the global database access level, like this would be also the case with the common filter definitions.
Of course, also for Metaread, overlapping definitions might occur, but here we have to watch out as they are again treated in a different way, like the following example referring to the hierarchy seen above shows:
essbase screenshot
This definition, unlike for None, Read or Write, would not grant data access to California and West. Instead it would allow data access only to California, but not to its parent West, for which only the hierarchy would be shown. In order to avoid these conflicting settings for Metaread, it is recommended to define all members from the same dimension in one single filter row, hence the correct way to define data access on both members would be:
essbase screenshot
So as you can see, Metaread is a bit special, but not that complicated to use. And it adds another helpful option to the common None, Read and Write settings in Essbase security filters.
Want to learn more?
Please drop me a note directly if you have any questions: _EMAIL_.
About the Author:
Angela Chandler
« November 2015


differently. In the case that p^n, where both are source-literal integers, check for overflow during lowering/compilation (where we would like to compute this as a constant anyway) and then emit a lowering/compile/interpreter error, like
julia> ff()=10^23
julia> @code_native ff()
ERROR: Invalid literal "10^23" due to overflow. Write either 'Int64(200376420520689664)' or 'Int128(100000000000000000000000)'
Also, for some reason the compiler does not understand that bitstype-integer powers are pure, e.g. ff()=5^17.
Of course a different way of suppressing this guard-rail would be (10+0)^23 or 10^(23+0), which are not lowered as literals.
#41
I've suggested in the past to have integer overflow checking in pow only, because it's a fairly expensive operation (compared to add/multiply) and the most common reason somebody may encounter this.
#42
Yes, if the parser captures both base and exponent, then the type can be different depending on the result, so 10^18 could be an Int64 and 10^23 could be an Int128, for example. This would not be type stable if done at run-time. (Edit: Maybe it would work at run-time, with some @pure magic and constant-folding?)


text:
Posts tagged with "Awards"
Posted by Ms. A on 06/13/12
Did you know that audiobooks "count" as reading in our Summer Reading Program? That's because librarians know something you might not; Listening isn't cheating! There are great benefits to hearing stories read aloud. Audiobooks can help your child become a better reader.
- Hearing a book read aloud helps the story come alive. The narrators are very skilled with voices, sound effects, and dramatic emphasis. For example, actress Anne Hathaway narrates The Princess Diaries. An audiobook might be the perfect way to hook your reluctant reader into books.
- Your child might be able to listen to a story that is more complex than he can read on his own. This will help him develop listening and comprehension skills, as well as introduce him to new vocabulary words and help stretch his imagination.
- How many times does your child hear the word, "façade" in everyday conversation? If he sees it in a book, will he be able to pronounce it correctly? Listening to audiobooks helps with pronunciation. It also helps improve understanding. What does it mean when a character responds "ruefully?" An audiobook can express the meaning of this word.
- Audiobooks provide a model of fluent reading and engaging storytelling. Listening to a great story read aloud gives children an example of how to become a better reader and can motivate them to read more.
To choose a great audiobook for your child or for your family to listen to together, ask a librarian for suggestions or visit the American Library's Association's award page for audiobooks. Enjoy!
The Best Book is not always the Gold Medal Winner
Posted by Mizz J on 09/19/11
We all know that; and yet we want to read the one that won. This is especially true of the Newbery Award, but we should remember that several other books also make the cut into this inner circle. They are the Newbery Honor booksalso distinguished. They just didn't win the gold.
Why do I make a point of telling you this? Because the winner of the Newbery Award for 1953 was Secret of the Andes. Guess which title was only a Newbery Honor book? Charlotte's Web. Enough said.
Browse the list of Newbery Honor books which we own. You can also check our website for all the Newbery Award winners.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
We the Artists India Conducted you all to its unique "Petal Art" Workshop.
Petal art- also popularly known as Oshibana in Japan. Its an art of treasuring flowers in a most artistic way! We the Artists - featured Pune-based artist – Dr. Anagha Shinde, whose artwork has been recorded in India Book of Records and currently a member of Worldwide Pressed flower Guild. At the workshop participants learned how to press flowers and create art from pressed flowers, flower pressing methods and techniques along with some creative ideas for creating more beautiful pressed flower artwork were also taught. The artists shared her inherited pressed flowers expertise with the participants.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


DOI QR코드
DOI QR Code
Multi-Objective Short-Term Fixed Head Hydrothermal Scheduling Using Augmented Lagrange Hopfield Network
 - Nguyen, Thang Trung (Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University) ;
 - Vo, Dieu Ngoc (Dept. of Power Systems, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology)
 - Received : 2013.03.04
 - Accepted : 2014.07.24
 - Published : 2014.11.01
Abstract
This paper proposes an augmented Lagrange Hopfield network (ALHN) based method for solving multi-objective short term fixed head hydrothermal scheduling problem. The main objective of the problem is to minimize both total power generation cost and emissions of $NO_x$, $SO_2$, and $CO_2$ over a scheduling period of one day while satisfying power balance, hydraulic, and generator operating limits constraints. The ALHN method is a combination of augmented Lagrange relaxation and continuous Hopfield neural network where the augmented Lagrange function is directly used as the energy function of the network. For implementation of the ALHN based method for solving the problem, ALHN is implemented for obtaining non-dominated solutions and fuzzy set theory is applied for obtaining the best compromise solution. The proposed method has been tested on different systems with different analyses and the obtained results have been compared to those from other methods available in the literature. The result comparisons have indicated that the proposed method is very efficient for solving the problem with good optimal solution and fast computational time. Therefore, the proposed ALHN can be a very favorable method for solving the multi-objective short term fixed head hydrothermal scheduling problems.
1. Introduction
The short term hydro-thermal scheduling (HTS) problem is to determine power generation among the available thermal and hydro power plants so that the fuel cost of thermal units is minimized over a schedule time of a single day or a week while satisfying both hydraulic and electrical operational constraints such as the quantity of available water, limits on generation, and power balance [1]. However, the major amount electric power in power systems is produced by thermal plants using fossil fuel such as oil, coal, and natural gases [2]. In fact, the process of electricity generation from fossil fuel releases several contaminants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere [3]. Therefore, the HTS problem can be extended to minimize the gaseous emission as a result of the recent environmental requirements in addition to the minimization the fuel cost of thermal power plants, forming the multi-objective HTS problem. The multi-objective HTS problem is more complex than the HTS problem since it needs to find several obtained non-dominated solutions to determine the best compromise solution which leads to time consuming. Therefore, the solution methods for the multi-objective HTS have to be efficient and effective for obtaining optimal solutions.
In the past decades, several conventional methods have been used to solve the classical HTS problem neglecting environment aspects such as dynamic programming (DP) [4], network flow programming (NFP) [5], Lagrange relaxation (LR) [6], and Benders decomposition [7] methods. Among these methods, the DP and LR methods are more popular ones. However, the computational and dimensional requirements of the DP method increase drastically with large-scale system planning horizon which is not appropriate for dealing with large-scale problems. On the contrary, the LR method is more efficient and can deal with large-scale problems. However, the solution quality of the LR for optimization problems depends on its duality gap which results from the dual problem formulation and might oscillate, leading to divergence for some problems with operation limits and non-convexity of incremental heat rate curves of generators. The Benders decomposition method is usually used to reduce the dimension of the problem into subproblems which can be solved by DP, Newton's, or LR method. In addition to the conventional methods, several artificial intelligence based methods have been also implemented for solving the HTS problem such as simulated annealing (SA) [8], evolutionary programming (EP) [9], genetic algorithm (GA) [10], differential evolution (DE) [11], and particle swarm optimization (PSO) [12]. These methods can find a near optimum solution for a complex problem. However, these metaheuristic search methods are based on a population for searching an optimal solution, leading to time consuming for large-scale problems. More, these methods need to be run several times to obtain an optimal solution which is not appropriate for obtaining several non-dominated solution for a multi-objective optimization problem. Recently, neural networks have been implemented for solving optimization problem in hydrothermal systems such as two-phase neural network [13], combined Hopfield neural network and Lagrange function (HLN) [14], and combined augmented Lagrange function with Hopfield neural network [15-17]. The advantage of the neural networks is fast computation using parallel processing. Moreover, the Hopfield neural network based on the Lagrange function can also overcome other drawbacks of the conventional Hopfield network in finding optimal solutions for optimization problems such as easy implementation and global solution. Therefore, the neural networks are more appropriate for solving multi-objective optimization problems with several solutions determined for each problem.
In this paper, an augmented Lagrange Hopfield network (ALHN) based method is proposed for solving multiobjective short term fixed head HTS problem. The main objective of the problem is to minimize both total power generation cost and emissions of NOx, SO2, and CO2 over a scheduling period of one day while satisfying power balance, hydraulic, and generator operating limits constraints. The ALHN method is a combination of augmented Lagrange relaxation and continuous Hopfield neural network where the augmented Lagrange function is directly used as the energy function of the network. For implementation of the ALHN based method for solving the problem, ALHN is implemented for obtaining non-dominated solutions and fuzzy set theory is applied for obtaining the best compromise solution. The proposed method has been tested on different systems with different analyses and the obtained results have been compared to those from other methods available in the literature including λ-γ iteration method (LGM), existing PSO-based HTS (EPSO), and PSO based method (PM) in [3] and bacterial foraging algorithm (BFA) [2].
The organization of this paper is as follows. Section 2 addresses the multi-objective HTS problem formulation. The proposed ALHN based method is described in Section 3. Numerical results are presented in Section 4. Finally, the conclusion is given.

2. Problem Formulation
The main objective of the economic emission dispatch for the HTS problem is to minimize the total fuel cost and emissions of all thermal plants while satisfying all hydraulic, system, and unit constraints. Mathematically, the fixed-head short-term hydrothermal scheduling problem including N1 thermal plants and N2 hydro plants scheduled in M sub-intervals is formulated as follows:
where F1sk is fuel cost function; F2sk, F3sk and F4sk are emission function of NOx, SO2, and CO2 of sth thermal plant at kth sub-interval scheduling, respectively; wi (i = 1, …, 4) are weights corresponding to the objectives.
subject to:
Power balance constraints:
where Bij, B0i, and B00 are loss formula coefficients of transmission system
Water availability constraints:
Generator operating limits:

3. ALHN based Method for the Problem
3.1 ALHN for optimal solutions
For implementation of the proposed ALHN for finding optimal solution of the problem, the augmented Lagrange function is firstly formulated and then this function is used as the energy function of conventional Hopfield neural network. The model of ALHN is solved using gradient method.
The augmented Lagrange function L of the problem is formulated as follows:
where λk and γh are Lagrangian multipliers associated with power balance and water constraints, respectively; βk, βh are penalty factors associated with power balance and water constraints, respectively; and
The energy function E of the problem is described in terms of neurons as follows:
where Vλk and Vγh are the outputs of the multiplier neurons associated with power balance and water constraints, respectively; Vhk and Vsk are the outputs of continuous neurons hk, sk representing Phk, Phk, respectively.
The dynamics of the model for updating inputs of neurons are defined as follows:
where
where Bhj and Bsi are the loss coefficients related to hydro and thermal plants, respectively; Bsh and Bhs are the loss coefficients between thermal and hydro plants and Bsh=BhsT.
The algorithm for updating the inputs of neurons at step n is as follows:
where Uλk and Uγh are the inputs of the multiplier neurons; Usk and Uhk are the inputs of the neurons sk and hk, respectively; αλk and αγh are step sizes for updating the inputs of multiplier neurons; and αsk and αhk are step sizes for updating the inputs of continuous neurons.
The outputs of continuous neurons representing power output of units are calculated by a sigmoid function:
where σ is slope of sigmoid function that determines the shape of the sigmoid function [15].
The outputs of multiplier neurons are determined based on the transfer function as follows:
The proof of convergence for ALHN is given in [15].
3.1.1 Initialization
The algorithm


text:
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The Aqua Dragons backer carded kit allows children to use their own container, a clean jam jar or plastic tub for example,to grow Aqua Dragons at a pocket money price. This product can also be used as a refill kit for underwater world. Just add water and the Aqua Dragons miraculously hatch in only 2-3 days and can grow up to 2cm long. AQUA DRAGONS FAQ 1. Are they really alive? Yes, the Artemia salina (which is the scientific name for what we call Aqua Dragons) are live organisms and they need you to care for them. 2. What temperature should the water be? The ideal water temperature range for hatching is 21 to 27ºC. It is important that the water is at this temperature in order for your Aqua Dragons to hatch and during the first delicate week of life. 3. How many Aqua Dragons should hatch? A difficult question; it depends on the water, the temperature, the number of microscopic eggs that were in the packet, so could be between 10 and 50. 4. Do I have to change the water? No, the water has a special ph and salinity level that is established by the contents of the eggs sachet. So don't change the water! However the water does evaporate so you can fill up, slowly using room temperature bottled spring water in small quantities each time. Do not use tap water. 5. How do I oxygenate the water? We recommend that you shake the water before adding the eggs so that it is oxygenated well from the start then begin using the pipette to oxygenate the water. Squeeze and release the pipette to let air into the chamber. Put the pipette tip in the water and then squeeze again to blow the stored air into the water. Repeat this for 30 seconds every few days. 6. How often should I feed my Aqua Dragons? The amount you feed should correspond to the number of Aqua Dragons you hatch. If you have only a few Aqua Dragons, feed every 4-5 days. If you have a large hatch of 20+ Aqua Dragons feed every other day. 7. Do Aqua Dragons like sunlight? Yes they love it, just make sure you don't leave them in the direct sun where the water would overheat! 8. Do Aqua Dragons bite? No... actually they don't have a mouth; they eat through their wings which work like gills. 9. How long do Aqua Dragons live? Each Aqua Dragon can reach adult hood at one month and can live for up to 90 days, however if you care for them well you may see that they reproduce so you could have life in the tank for much longer. 10. How big do Aqua Dragons grow? Up to 20mm but this may take up to two months. 11. What do I do if one of the dragons dies? When an Aqua Dragon dies it will float down to the bottom of your habitat and slowly biodegrade. In effect they become part of the habitat so it is not necessary to remove them. 12. Initially I had lots of hatchlings but now I am left with just a few adults? Not all the Aqua Dragons that hatch will survive into adulthood, otherwise we'd be overrun! It's normal and natural for many to hatch and for only some to make it through to adulthood. 13. The water is dirty, what do I do? This is normally due to over-feeding. Stop feeding until the Aqua Dragons have had time to process all the food in the tank. It could take a week or so for the water to become clear again but the water won't become bad, because it is salty. 14. Can Aqua Dragons live in my regular fish aquarium? As they are small, regular fish will eat them, so do not introduce them into your home aquarium.
EU Warning: Not suitable for children under the age of 3 years due to small parts which could cause a choking hazard.
Supplier Contact Details: _EMAIL_ Supplier Phone: UK 01200 445113 ROI 0044 1200 445113

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
- Pitchers have been deceiving batters with tricks and cheats since baseball began.
- Typical cheating tactics include scuffing the ball and putting foreign substances on it.
- Current rules forbid tampering with the baseball at all.
When Tampa Bay Ray's relief pitcher Joel Peralta was ejected from a game last week because there was pine tar on his mitt, he joined a century-long list of Major League baseball pitchers who have done whatever they needed to do to get the upper hand.
From spitballs to scuffed balls, pitchers have been cheating as long as there have been rules.
Whether Peralta's technique actually gave him any edge, though, is up for debate. No one has ever studied the effects of pine tar on the flight of a baseball. And so far, nothing egregious has shown up in Peralta's pitching stats to suggest that his cheating techniques have given him a leg up.
Still, rules are rules, and they exist for a reason. Theoretically, putting any kind of foreign substance on a ball could make it move erratically, confusing and possibly even endangering batters.
"Not being allowed to doctor the ball seems like a sensible rule to me," said Alan Nathan, a physicist at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champagne, and an expert on the physics of baseball. "You can affect the trajectory of the baseball by doctoring it."
There are two main ways to fiddle with a ball, Nathan said. The first is to add lubrication to reduce friction between the ball and the pitcher's fingers. That, in turn, diminishes the throw's natural backspin, making the ball drop more quickly than a normal fastball would. This is what makes the spitball so infamous.
The second category of messing with a baseball is to roughen up its smooth surfaces. Whether scuffed with an emery board or gouged with a fingernail, compromised balls tend to break in the direction of the scratched side.
In the early days of baseball, pitchers were free to do whatever they wanted -- and they did, said Dave Baldwin, a retired Major League baseball pitcher and author of the baseball memoir "Snake Jazz." Tricks included putting licorice on the ball to make it darker and harder for batters to see, sticking pins in the ball, or smudging substances on one side to make the wobble or move strangely.
Then, in 1920, Yankees pitcher Carl Mays threw an extraordinarily hard submarine pitch, which rose from ground level, struck Cleveland Indians batter Ray Chapman in the head, and killed him. Chapman didn't react to the pitch at all. It appeared that he didn't even see it coming.
Chapman's death led to a swift and dramatic shift in the rules of baseball. Pitchers could no longer put foreign substances on the ball or their hands other than rosin, which is an approved powder that helps make sweaty hands less slippery. And when balls got dirty during play, umpires replaced them.
Instead of putting a halt to the cheating, though, the new rules only drove pitchers to get sneakier about their tricks. In the 1960s and 70s, when Baldwin was playing, pitchers used Vaseline to lubricate balls until K-Y Jelly came on the market and became the baseball-moistener of choice. The water-based lubricant evaporated during flight, making it almost impossible for umps to detect.
Other times, pitchers coated the ball with talcum powder, which was white and -- unlike baby powder -- odorless. The powder would fly off in flight, and it could make balls sink more quickly than expected. Pitchers might hide small bits of emery board on their belts or under their caps to sneak on a scuff mark or two. Even today, catchers may intentionally throw a ball that bounces right before a game begins, hoping the umpires won't notice.
Pitchers aren't the only ones who try to cheat, Baldwin added. Batters are notorious for putting cork or metal rods in their bats to change their weight or flexibility. And, because doctored bats are harder to detect than doctored balls, he suspects that batters cheat more often than pitchers do.
To work around the ever-watchful eyes of umpires and TV cameras, modern-day pitchers have turned instead to more innovative forms of pitching. Throws like the split-finger fastball -- which suddenly drops when it reaches the batter -- or the knuckleball, which spins less than a typical ball, are perfectly legal, but they can keep a batter guessing.
As for Peralta's pine-tar trick, the pitcher's motivation remains a mystery.
"Pine tar is very easy to detect," Baldwin said. "It just doesn't make any sense why any pitcher would try to use that."


text:
Determinants of Smallholder teff Producer Farmers Market Participation in Merhabete District, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
International Journal of Agricultural Economics
Volume 4, Issue 4, July 2019, Pages: 135-143
Received: Jan. 18, 2019;
Accepted: Apr. 25, 2019;
Published: Jun. 13, 2019
Views 656 Downloads 261
Nigus Gurmis Belayneh, Department of Agricultural Economics, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan, Ethiopia
Bosena Tegegne, Department of Agricultural Economics, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
Alelign Ademe, Department of Agricultural Economics, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
Teff production contributes significantly to the economy in terms of cash income and food security, especially for the smallholder teff producers in rural areas of Ethiopia. This study examined Smallholder Teff producer Farmers Market Participation in Merhabete district with the objectives of identifying factors influencing teff market participation and intensity of participation. Cross sectional data was used for the study. A two stage sampling procedure was used to draw 150 sample producers from four teff producer kebeles and semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Secondary data sources were also used for the study. Double hurdle model was used to identify factors influencing market participation decision and intensity of participation in teff market. The result of the first hurdle confirmed that participation decision was positively affected by frequency of extension contact, land allocated for teff, productivity of teff and teff production experience; whereas family size, and non-farm income influenced teff market participation decision negatively. The second hurdle indicated that intensity of teff market participation positively and significantly affected by land allocated for teff, productivity of teff, teff production experience and numbers of equine owned. The study indicated government and other stakeholders need to strengthen market oriented teff production, agricultural input or service delivery, increasing frequency of extension contacts, land intensification, family planning, and involvement in facilitating transportation services.
Nigus Gurmis Belayneh,
Determinants of Smallholder teff Producer Farmers Market Participation in Merhabete District, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, International Journal of Agricultural Economics.
Vol. 4, No. 4,
2019, pp. 135-143.
CS A (Central Statistical Agency). (2017). Agricultural sample survey report on Area and production of major Crops (private peasant holdings, meher season 2016 / 2017); Addis Ababa Ethiopia, the FDRE statistical bulletin, Volume I.
GAIN (Global Agricultural Information Network). (2014). Ethiopia grain and food manual report, Number ET1401.
CSA (Central Statistical Agency). (2015). Agricultural sample survey report on Area and production of major Crops (private peasant holdings, meher season 2014 / 2015; Addis Ababa Ethiopia, the FDRE statistical bulletin, Volume I.
Rashid, S. (2010). Variation in staple food prices: Causes, consequence, and policy options. Maputo, Mozambique, 25-26 January 2010 under the African Agricultural Marketing Project (AAMP).
Vavilov, N. I. (1951). The origin, variation, immunity and breeding of cultivated plants. Translated from the Russian by k. starrchester. Ronald press. New York. 37-38.
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). (2015). Analysis of price incentives for teff in Ethiopia. Technical notes series, MAFAP, by Assefa B. Demeke M., Lanos B, and Rome.
ATA (Agricultural Transformation Agency). (2013). Strengthening the teff value chain in Ethiopia. Ethiopian Agricultural Transformation Agency.
Demeke, M. and Di Marcantonio, F. (2013). Analysis of incentives and disincentives for sorghum in Ethiopia. Technical notes series, MAFAP, FAO. Rome.
Food, M. A., Policies, A., and FAO, M. (2013). Analysis of incentives and disincentives for teff in Ethiopia draft version.
Efa Gobena, Degye Goshu, Tinsae Demisie and Tadesse Kenea. (2016). Determinants of market participation and intensity of marketed surplus of teff producers in Bacho and Dawo districts of Oromia State, Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 5(2): 20–32.
Minten, B. Seneshaw Tamru, Ermias Engida and Tadesse Kuma. (2013). Ethiopia's value chains on the Move: The case of teff. Ethiopian strategies support program working paper52.
Yihenew Zewdie, Amdissa Teshome and Kassahun Berhanu. (2013). Drivers' of success for CAADP implementation Ethiopia, case study.
Komarek, A. (2010). Determinants of banana market commercialization in Western Uganda. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5 (9): 775-784.
Cragg, J. (1971). Some statistical models for limited dependent variables with application to the demand for durable goods, Econometrica 39(1): 829-844.
Newman, C., M. Henchion, and A. Matthews. (2001). Infrequency of purchase and double-hurdle model of Irish households' meat expenditure." European review of Agricultural Economics, 28(4): 393-412.
Wooldridge, J. (2002). Econometric analysis of cross-section and panel data. Massachusetts: The MIT press.
Gani, B. S., and Adeoti, A. I. (2011). Analysis of Market Participation and Rural Poverty among Farmers in Northern Part of Taraba State, Nigeria, 2(1), 23–36.
Martey, E., Ramatu, M. A., and John, K. M. K. (2012). Commercialization of smallholder agriculture in Ghana. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 7(14):2131-2141.
Geremew Kefyalew. (2012). Analysis of smallholder farmer's participation in production and marketing of export potential crops: the case of sesame in Diga district, east Wollega Zone of Oromia regional state. MSc Thesis, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Astewel Takele. (2009). Analysis of rice profitability and marketing chain: the case of Fogera woreda, South Gonder zone, Amhara national regional state. MSc Thesis Alemaya University, Alemaya, Ethiopia.
Adenegan K. O., A. Adepoju and L. O. E. Nwauwa. (2012). Determinants of market participation of maize farmers in rural Osun state of Nigeria. International Journal of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, 5(1):28-39.
Beza Erko. (2014). Maize and faba bean value chains: the case of Bako Tibe and Gobu Seyo districts in central western Ethiopia. MSc Thesis, Haramaya University, Haramay, Ethiopia.
Agete Jerena. (2014). Analysis of factors influencing participation of smallholder farmers in red bean marketing in Halaba special district, Ethiopia. MSc Thesis, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Haymanot Asfaw. (2014). Durum wheat value chain analysis: the case of Gololcha district of Bale zone. MSc Thesis, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia.
Mebrahatom Medhane. 2014). Determinants of commercialization of teff and its factor productivity outcome: the case of Tahtay Qoraro woreda, northwest zone of Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. MSc Thesis, Haramaya University Haramaya, Ethiopia.
Girma Alemu. (2015). Market performance and determinants of marketed surplus of teff, in the case of Bacho woreda in south west shewa zone, Oromia national regional state. MSc Thesis, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia.
Azebe Bekele and Tadele Melaku. (2017). Determinants of smallholder farmers in teff market supply in Ambo district, West Shewa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. International Journal of advanced research in management and social sciences, 6(2): 133–140.
Dagmawit Giref. (2016). Maize value chain analysis in south Achefer and Jabitehnan districts of ANRS. MSc Thesis, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia.
Heckman, J. J. (1979). Sample selection bias as a specification error, econometrics, 47(5): 153-161.


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KDL Recommends For Kids > PLAY-GROW-READ! - Books for Early Literacy > Katie L. Talks: Books that Invite Participation
Shout! Shout It Out!
Title: Shout! Shout It Out!
Author: Denise Fleming
CONCEPT E FLEMING
Mouse invites the reader to shout out what he or she knows as they review numbers, letters, and easy words.
Kids are often told to sit still and be quiet. But Denise Fleming encourages them to shout, shout it out! By taking basic learning concepts like numbers, letters, and colors and putting them on display, she asks kids to shout out what they know—and her readers will be happy to oblige.
With bold colors and her unique handmade paper art, Denise Fleming makes learning into a game. Long-time fans and sharp-eyed newcomers will be happy to see that Mouse returns on every page, shouting along with the crowd!


Sunday, March 23, 2014
Auto - Vectorization with little help from GCC!
This tutorial helps the programmers to benefit the progress of the auto-vectorization algorithms that are implemented in modern compilers, such as gcc. Before you start playing with the vectorization of your code i assume that you don't have any bottleneck in you code (like dynamic memory allocation etc) in the critical path. In this tutorial we will use the gcc 4.4.1, but the same steps can be applied to newer or older versions.
First of all there are two issues with auto vectorization: 1) gcc must know the architecture (eg what SIMD instructions are available) 2) The data structures must by properly aligned in memory
The first step is to find the architecture of your processor and point it to gcc using the flags -mtune=... / -march=... you specify the architecture. For example, my laptop is core2Duo so i put -march=core2. You can find more more information hereThe next problem we must solve is knowledge of memory alignment. You can help the compiler by allocating everything with alignment at least 16 bytes For example:
1) Initialized static arrays :
static const uint8_t key_perm[0x40] __attribute__(( aligned(16) )) = { 0x12,... };
2) Try to use even space allocate in stack to be aliment (warning: there is a bug with some gcc versions and when running the gcc on cygwin for windows).
3) For the dynamic allocation you should use: memalign (or posix_memalign ) instead of malloc.
For steps 1 and 2 note that recent versions of gcc automatically align the arrays in the memory.
For example:
$ cat test.c
#define N 200000
int a[N] __attribute__(( aligned(16) ));
int b[N] __attribute__(( aligned(16) ));
int c[N] __attribute__(( aligned(16) ));
double f2(){
 int i;
 for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
 a[i] = b[i] + c[i];
 }
$ gcc -O3 -ftree-vectorize -march=core2 -ftree-vectorizer-verbose=1 -c ./test.c
./test.c:8: note: LOOP VECTORIZED../test.c:6: note: vectorized 1 loops in function.
The verbose flag should give some info of what vectorized and what not. Even if the arrays are declared in stack, gcc is able to vectorize the loop. Checking the size of the object file we have:
$ size test.o text data bss dec hex filename 94 0 0 94 5e test.o
94 Bytes of text, not so bad. Now lets make the example more complicated. Note that i use gcc-4.4, the behavior of older versions may be different.
double f2(int *a, int *b, int *c, int N){
 int i;
 for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
 a[i] = b[i] + c[i];
}
Compiler must solve two issues in the above example: first the number of iterations is unknown and second the pointers a,b, and may be to point on the same memory location. Dependency analysis on pointer is also called alias analysis. Compiling the example we are getting this:
$ gcc -O3 -ftree-vectorize -march=core2 -ftree-vectorizer-verbose=3 -c ./test.c
./test.c:6: note: vect_model_load_cost: unaligned supported by hardware.
./test.c:6: note: vect_model_load_cost: inside_cost = 2, outside_cost = 0 .
./test.c:6: note: vect_model_load_cost: unaligned supported by hardware.
./test.c:6: note: vect_model_load_cost: inside_cost = 2, outside_cost = 0 .
./test.c:6: note: vect_model_simple_cost: inside_cost = 1, outside_cost = 0 .
./test.c:6: note: vect_model_store_cost: inside_cost = 1, outside_cost = 0 .
./test.c:6: note: cost model: Adding cost of checks for loop versioning to treat misalignment.
./test.c:6: note: cost model: Adding cost of checks for loop versioning aliasing.
./test.c:6: note: cost model: epilogue peel iters set to vf/2 because loop iterations are unknown .
./test.c:6: note: Cost model analysis:
Vector inside of loop cost: 6
Vector outside of loop cost: 20
Scalar iteration cost: 4
Scalar outside cost: 1
prologue iterations: 0
epilogue iterations: 2
Calculated minimum iters for profitability: 7
./test.c:6: note: Profitability threshold = 6
./test.c:6: note: Vectorization may not be profitable.
./test.c:6: note: created 2 versioning for alias checks.
./test.c:6: note: LOOP VECTORIZED.
./test.c:3: note: vectorized 1 loops in function.
$ size test.o text data bss dec hex filename 262 0 0 262 106 test.o
As a result, we must have at least 7 iterations and gcc inserts runtime calls. We can help the situation by using the keyword restrict that is part of C99 standard. More information about gcc and restrict keyword you can find here and here. For example for the same loop you must change to:
double f2(int * restrict a, int * restrict b, int *restrict c, int N)
And the compile:
$ gcc -O3 -ftree-vectorize -march=core2 -ftree-vectorizer-verbose=3 -std=c99 -c ./test.c
./test.c:11: note: vect_model_load_cost: unaligned supported by hardware.
./test.c:11: note: vect_model_load_cost: inside_cost = 2, outside_cost = 0 .
./test.c:11: note: vect_model_load_cost: unaligned supported by hardware.
./test.c:11: note: vect_model_load_cost: inside_cost = 2, outside_cost = 0 .
./test.c:11: note: vect_model_simple_cost: inside_cost = 1, outside_cost = 0 .
./test.c:11: note: vect_model_store_cost: inside_cost = 1, outside_cost = 0 .
./test.c:11: note: cost model: prologue peel iters set to vf/2.
./test.c:11: note: cost model: epilogue peel iters set to vf/2 because peeling for alignment is unknown .
./test.c:11: note: Cost model analysis:
Vector inside of loop cost: 6
Vector outside of loop cost: 24
Scalar iteration cost: 4
Scalar outside cost: 7
prologue iterations: 2
epilogue iterations: 2
Calculated minimum iters for profitability: 5
./test.c:11: note: Profitability threshold = 4
./test.c:11: note: Vectorization may not be profitable.
./test.c:11: note: LOOP VECTORIZED.
./test.c:6: note: vectorized 1 loops in function.
We are able to decrease the minimum profitability to 5 iterations by disabling the aliasing analysis.
Hard stuff (next level):
1) Eliminate branches in your code: good for vectorization but the impact in x86 is low - branch predictors are working good. You can use build in unlikely to set hints about branches. For manual branch elimination you can try:_URL_
2) Write some SIMD assembly directly ( look here and here <_URL_ Of course the manuals of intel is also a good start (many pages... but there are good :)).
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Published in: 2014
Appalachian Trail Conservancy, Green Mountain Club, USDA Forest Service, National Park Service, USA
Appalachian Trail Conservancy
Elisabeth von Muench
Location of library entry
This document is about low-temperature slow composting toilets (called her moldering privy) in remote hiking areas in the US.
The ATC Backcountry Sanitation Manual
addresses the management of human waste
in the backcountry. Proper management
of human waste protects hikers, the
environment, and trail maintainers.
Resolving problems of backcountry sanitation
is a continuous challenge for AppalachianTrail
(A.T.) clubs and land managers. This manual
was created in the belief that all remote
recreation areas will benefit from an expanded
discussion of backcountry sanitation. The
Appalachian Trail Conservancy (ATC) hopes
it will offer a step up for those who operate
composting systems, as well as for those Trail
clubs and land managers who have reached a
crossroads in backcountry sanitation decisions.
This manual introduces a new, simpler, and
often safer method of composting human waste
in the backcountry—the moldering privy. It
is a design that saves money and—even more
importantly—labor. Whether volunteer or paid,
labor has always been in short supply on the A.T.
The moldering privy is suitable for the majority
of sites that need better waste management than
pit privies or cat-holes, and it is cheaper and
easier to implement than other alternatives.
The approaches recommended here are distilled
from the experiences of several hundred
people operating composting toilets and other
systems that have successfully resolved human
waste problems at backcountry sites along
the A.T. Primary emphasis has been placed
on composting systems, because they have
been the most successful in the majority of
backcountry situations. However, other systems
receive some attention, especially to provide
comparisons with composting systems.
The Green Mountain Club and the Appalachian
Mountain Club began using composting
systems in the late 1970s, and their systems
have undergone continual evolution and
improvement. Several other A.T. clubs and
land managers have used different composting
systems with varying success.
Appalachian Trail Conservancy (2014). Backcountry Sanitation Manual, 2nd Edition. Appalachian Trail Conservancy, Green Mountain Club, USDA Forest Service, National Park Service, USA
Composting, vermicomposting (solid waste), composting toilets English North America Practitioners Rural
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Most Active Stories
Shots - Health Blog
Thu September 27, 2012
When Doctors Tell Patients They Shouldn't Drive
Originally published on Fri September 28, 2012 2:49 pm
In Ontario, doctors get paid $36.25 each time they warn patients who might be unfit to drive and report them to the provincial transportation department.
Which conditions might pose hazards behind the wheel? There's a checklist on the Ontario report form that offers some of the more common conditions, including alcohol dependence, seizures, dementia and uncontrolled narcolepsy.
So does telling people they're not fit to drive help prevent accidents? It looks plausible, according to results of a study in the latest New England Journal of Medicine.
Researchers at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre found a 45 percent drop in the annual rate of accidents for patients after doctors warned them. The accident rate fell to about 2.73 accidents annually per 1,000 patients from 4.76 annually during a three-year period before the warnings.
There was a downside. The researchers found a significant uptick in treatment for depression in emergency rooms for patients after the warnings. Patients' visits to the doctors who warned them also fell off, suggesting the warning hurt the therapeutic relationship.
The researchers were able to match medical and driving records and follow the patients for years. But the researchers didn't arrange for doctors to randomly give some people warnings and others none. That meant the researchers can't absolutely prove the warnings were responsible for the drop in accidents.
Still, the study concludes that "the reduction in risk was immediate, substantial, and sustained...." And the observed decline in accidents was hard to explain otherwise. "Together, these data suggest that warning patients who are medically unfit to drive may reduce the risk of road crashes," they wrote.
Payment of doctors to warn and report unfit drivers increases the likelihood that will happen. But the study suggests the warnings were linked to a real increase in depression and harm to the doctor–patient relationship, the researchers concluded, while still not reducing driving risks to the same level as the population at large.


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To improve drinking water supply in the regions in accordance with the "State Program on Socio-Economic Development of the Regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan" the "Azersu" OJSC carries out important projects. The construction of the Shamkirchay water treatment plant, designed for safe and durable drinking water supply in the western part of our republic, has been completed and the facility will be put into operation in the coming months.
The formation of the Shamkirchay reservoir at the expense of internal sources is of strategic importance for the country's water security. The potential stock of the reservoir with a total capacity of 165 million cubic meters is of great importance in terms of sustainable drinking water supply. The natural purification of water collected here facilitates water treatment. Taking into account all this, by the order of "Azersu" OJSC a water treatment plant with a capacity of 140 thousand cubic meters or 1.6 cubic meters per second was constructed near the water reservoir. Three reservoirs with storage capacity of 2500 cubic meters each, a management room, a chlorinating unit, an electric substation have been constructed in the complex and a spare generator is installed in the area. Currently, installation of processing equipment is underway.
The water supply will be carried out at the expense of the irrigation channel separated from the Shamkirchay reservoir and carrier lines have already been built to remove the water from the canal. The water removed from the sand will be transferred to the reservoirs after being cleaned. The quantity and pressure of the water entering and leaving the reservoirs, the volume of water in the storage, the working regime and condition of the valves, as well as the level of muddiness and the amount of residual chlorine will be regulated online. All these processes will be controlled by the SCADA system.
After the Shamkirchay water treatment plant is put into operation, this source will provide 1141 liters drinking water to Ganja, 187 liters to Shamkir, 85 liters to Samukh and 50 liters to the villages per second. A 27.5 km water pipeline was constructed to provide water supply to Ganja from Shamkirchay water treatment plant, which provided output to Samukh and some villages of the region, as well as some villages of Goygol district to improve water supply. At the same time, a 16.5-kilometer transmission main was built from the plant to Shamkir city and was merged into the city network.
The largest drinking water treatment plant built in the regions is expected to be commissioned in the coming months. The new facility, constructed on the basis of modern technology, will provide quality and uninterrupted drinking water for over 300,000 people in Ganja, Shamkir, Samukh and surrounding villages.
Within the framework of the drinking water projects implementd during the last 10 years, 39 new drinking water sources have been created with over 1.6 million cubic meters of productivity per day.


Industrial revolution
 - Eli Whitney
 Eli Whitney
 Eli Whitney was born on december 8th in westbro Massachusets and died on January 8th 1825.
 - invented to cotton gin
 invented to cotton gin
 What cause him to invent the cotton gin was to sell cotton faster and clen it faster. the invention impacted america by being able to clean sell and produce cotton.
 - Cotton gin today
 Cotton gin today
 today to cotton gin is not used by people now its a machine and still does the same thing, and probally less dangerous.


Development impact framework
Why and how we use a development impact framework to measure the impact of our innovative finance tools.
An elderly person's hands counting money
Why we measure impact
Our development impact framework ensures we target our capital at partnerships that will deliver positive impact. The framework is based on four principles:
 1. Balancing rigour and pragmatism, making careful, evidence-based assumptions where required.
 2. Focusing on the direct outcomes resulting from our involvement, rather than the impacts that follow.
 3. Focusing on our contribution to the change, rather than attribution, as we always work in partnerships.
 4. Accompanying quantitative data with qualitative evidence.
We assess whether MedAccess' innovative finance tools will lead to increased health benefits sooner than would have otherwise been the case, by looking at three indicators.
Our development impact indicators
A heart with a heart rate line through it
Lives changed
Key questions:
 - How many additional people will gain access to the product?
 - How much difference could it make to them?
A graphic of a bank note
Money saved
Key questions:
 - How much would our guarantee reduce the price of the product?
 - What does this mean in total dollars saved?
A series of circles showing connections
Markets shaped
Key questions:
 - What impact would our guarantee have on the broader market for a product?
How we measure impact
We estimate the impact of each opportunity against all three indicators by comparing the expected outcomes against a counterfactual situation, where we are not involved. This ensures we only capture the additional impact generated by a MedAccess guarantee.
Before making a decision, we use the framework to identify and prioritise high impact opportunities, to ensure we deploy our capital in the most valuable way. All opportunities must meet a minimum development impact threshold to be considered.
Once we enter into an agreement with our partners, we use the framework to estimate the impact we have. We use these findings to support the implementation of existing agreements and to guide our future strategy by considering how we can identify more impactful opportunities.


text:
- Toothpick or large, blunt needle
- Clear gloss enamel or nail polish
- Have your child roll small pieces of playdough into balls to make beads.
- Pierce each bead with a toothpick or large blunt needle and allow to dry for several days.
- Check holes after a day to see if they need repunching.
- When dry, coat with clear gloss enamel or nail polish to bring out the color.
- Thread beads onto a string and knot the ends together to create a necklace or bracelet.
More on: Activities for Preschoolers
Copyright © 1998 by Patricia Kuffner. Excerpted from The Preschooler's Busy Book with permission of its publisher, Meadowbrook Press.
To order this book visit Meadowbrook Press.


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2008 年 52 巻 p. 181-186
Flood event has obvious and long-lasting impacts on channel morphologies, posing high risks of damage and/or failure of river restoration projects. This study evaluates the impacts of flood event on the channel morphologies around typical river restoration structures and provides possible management alternatives for a real restoration project. Both laboratorial experiments and numerical simulations have been carried out. The experiments are based on a large-scale physical model, being able to resolve local flow patterns and morphological variations with a high accuracy. The numerical model is formulated on unstructured meshes, allowing the exact representation of complex geometries and boundaries. It is shown that the numerical results are reasonably consistent with those of the experimental measurements. The numerical model might make a powerful tool and the results of this study would be of excellent references for future engineering designs and post-project assessments in the river restoration.


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Faced with humanitarian crises such as those occurring in Syria and Mali today, and in Libya in 2011, the response of the international community has not been consistent and raises many questions, both as to its adequacy, and to its legal foundation. The failure of the international community to adequately respond to the severe humanitarian crises of the early 1990s, especially in Rwanda and in the former Yugoslavia, has led to the formulation of the "responsibility to protect" (RtoP), which expands the pre-existing notion of humanitarian intervention. Focusing on the humanitarian intervention in Libya in 2011, this paper examines the question whether the RtoP doctrine can be considered as a principle of international law, and to what extent it has evolved into a norm of customary international law as a result of state practice and opinio juris. It argues that to date, the RtoP, inspite of its political and moral underpinnings has not reached this status, and that in legal terms, the Libyan intervention cannot be considered as a genuine implementation of this principle. This paper recognizes the potential evolution of this principle consistently with the dynamic nature of international law, and suggests a methodological approach to assessing the prospect for a a progressive development and consolidation of the principles of humanitarian intervention and RtoP as legal norms, based on a set of criteria, including necessity and proportionality of a forcible intervention, and of the coherence and consistency necessary for the consolidation of international practice into a legal norm.
Paper produced within the framework of the IAI project Transworld.
1. International Legal Context and Conceptual Evolution of the Responsibility to Protect
1.1. The International Legal Context
1.2. Conceptual Evolution of the Responsibility to Protect
2. The 2011 Intervention in Libya
2.1. Developments Leading to the Adoption of SC Resolution 1973
2.2. Resolution 1973 and the Responsibility to Protect
2.3. Resolution 1973 as Evidence of State Practice on Humanitarian Intervention
3. Assessing the Evolution of Customary Law on Humanitarian Intervention


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Lesson Plans and Worksheets
Browse by Subject
Torque Teacher Resources
Find teacher approved Torque educational resource ideas and activities
Seventh graders determine the center of gravity of an object. They get card stock objects to balance on pencil eraser and a meter stick to balance with same # of weighted string(s) on each side. They get meter stick to balance with 2 weighted strings on 1 side and 1 weighted string on the other.


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Stand-alone TypeScript version of three.js math
This module is a rewrite of the following three.js math classes in TypeScript:
- Matrix (interface)
- Vector (interface)
The classes in TSDoc format are available here.
This module is a fork of three-math-ts with the following improvements:
- Reintroduced the Plane class and Plane related methods on classes such as Ray and Triangle.
- Removed deprecated api.
- Tsdoc provided for all classes.
- Test suite with over 430 unit tests ported from three.js.
The decision to fork and extend the three.math repo was motivated by the desire to improve the usability of these cool math classes and the unresponsiveness of the repo owner to respond to an initial set of improvement PRs. An objective of this module's author is to eventually merge into three-math-ts should its author become active and open to contributions.


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Engage with STEM
STEM (short for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) related skills are more important than ever in our increasingly tech-oriented world. Bolton Public Library's STEM items for adults can increase engagement in science, technology, engineering and math, while also fostering special interests and hobbies. Stop by the Main Circulation desk to borrow any item for 3 weeks. Items must be returned in person during the Bolton Public Library's operating hours and cannot be shipped to surrounding libraries. Please note, all of the items listed here can only be borrowed by cardholders aged 18+.
Less bulky than a telescope, our Astronomy Backpack comes with everything an amateur astronomer needs to explore the night sky from any location.
Click here to reserve a Astronomy Backpack


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The park's very name signifies the important role water plays in Branch Brook Park.
Or you might say there's water all about Branch Brook Park.
A tributary of the First River, the Branch Brook meanders aboveground through much
of the north-south length of the park, occasionally collecting into larger bodies
of water, most prominently the grand Branch Brook Lake in the Southern and Middle
Divisions. Then there's also Clark's Pond in the Middle Division and the Northern
Division's gems -- the Midwood, Edgewood, Meadow, and Upper Pools.
There's the Second River that flows the length of the extension in its elaborate
channelized bed, a 1930's hydro-engineering decision. Hydrologist (water expert)
or history buff you probably didn't know that even the park's name is informed by
the area's waterways. The park's namesake, the Branch Brook, drains into the First
River, which then flows underground into the Passaic River below the Clay Street
View the Cultural Landscape Report, Volume 3: Hydrology, Infrastructure and Historic
Fabric | Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3.


Farm, sell & earn on CropBytes like in the real world.
CropBytes Game Economy Explained.
CropBytes - crypto economy explained
CropBytes is a farming simulation game with a virtual economy. Players use real cryptocurrencies for money in the CropBytes economy.
Economic activities like producing, buying & selling help the economy grow. Every asset in the game is essential to the economy, they have real value and are tangled with economic activities.
The game replicates the real world by being volatile & transitional. Players create economic trends & by playing out their strategies in the game.
Image for post
"CropBytes is a real-life simulation in a virtual world that uses cryptocurrency"
Here is an example of how it works:
The animals who consume 'Corn Feed' are more in numbers. They collectively require 1000 Corn Feed' a day, while daily 'Carrot Feed' required in the economy is 300.
Carrot Crops' take 5 days to grow, while 'Corn Crops' take 1 day. Only one crop can grow at a time on a piece of 'Crop Land'.
Players are free to produce crops and fruits of their choice. To grow their business, players will ideally grow crops that have higher demand. Though its hard to say what other farmers are growing.
Let's consider a situation where 'Carrot Feed' has a higher demand in the market, What will happen?
 - The price of 'Carrot Feed' will rise.
 - Players will stop growing corn and grow carrots instead.
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80–90% of players are growing carrot crops now. Players with multiple lands are growing both.
The demand for 'Corn Feed' will be the same as before, but supply will not be adequate & cause the price to rise.
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This cycle is present in the real world, It is recreated in the CropBytes economy all by itself!
CropBytes is the most advanced simulation game with carefully crafted economics to give life like experiences in the virtual world, and tangible profits in the real world.
As more players join, the economy grows, activity increases, and so does the real-world value of the game. Enabling players to make more profits for time and money invested in the game.
The future of gaming is here.
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The Santa Cruz Sandhills contain populations of several plant species which are located far from the species primary distribution. Several plant species in the Sandhills are more commonly found in the coastal beach and strand communities, which are 7-10 miles or more from Sandhills habitat. There is no doubt that their adaptations to sandy soil allow these species to inhabit the Sandhills.
But what about the Sandhills populations of plants primarily found within the inland mountains of California, including the Sierra Nevada and Cascade ranges? Ponderosa pine and pussy paws are typically found well-inland and at elevations exceeding 3,000 feet, whereas Sandhills populations occur at elevations between 300 and 1500 feet within just a few miles of the ocean.
Unique morphological characteristics of disjunct Sandhills populations suggest that some may be on separate evolutionary trajectories due to the unique environmental conditions of the Sandhills and their geographic isolation from other populations. Over long time periods, these disjunct populations may become new species endemic to the Sandhills.


text:
Summer in Idaho means camps for kids.
If you are 10 to 12 years old and want to learn outdoor skills, become certified in hunter education and experience a wide variety of other fun, outdoor activities, consider attending the Youth Conservation Camp, August 12 -16, at Trinity Pines Camp and Conference Center in Cascade.
Campers participate in hands-on learning activities in firearm safety and shooting, wildlife conservation and identification, orienteering and challenge courses, fishing techniques, archery fundamentals, introduction to trapping, float the Payette River, and much more in an attractive outdoor setting.
Registration is first come first serve to the first 30 youth. Cost per camper is $255.00, which includes food, lodging and equipment for the week.
To learn more or to register, visit the Idaho Conservation Officer Association website at _URL_, or contact your nearest Idaho Fish and Game office.
Idaho's Youth Conservation Camp is unique because it is sponsored and directed by the Idaho Conservation Officer's Association and Idaho Department of Fish and Game – the same people who manage Idaho's fish and wildlife. Conservation officers and biologists direct the camp and lead the classroom and field learning activities.
The overall goal is to help young people learn about and cultivate a respect for Idaho's natural resources and the people who work to protect, preserve, and perpetuate those resources.
Logo courtesy Idaho Department of Fish and Game


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wikiHow to Create a Sound Recording on Windows 8
Three Methods:Accessing the Sound RecordingUsing the Sound Recorder App Using the Sound Recorder Program Community Q&A
Creating a sound recording in Windows 8 is easy. You can record sound using both the sound recording application and sound recording program. Windows 8.1 users can also follow these methods.
1
Accessing the Sound Recording
 1. 1
 Press the "Start" button. You can find it in the task bar, on the bottom left corner of your screen. You can also find it on the bottom-left of your keyboard. It looks like a white window.
 - If your device has a touchscreen, position your finger on the far right side of the screen and swipe left quickly. Click on the "Start" icon. It is towards the middle of the list and looks like a blue window. It has the word "Start" just beneath it.
 2. 2
 Search for "Sound Recorder." You can simply start typing the words. This will bring up a list of applications and programs that match the query.
 - You can also right-click on a blank area on your screen, select "All Apps" and scroll towards the end of the list until you find "Sound Recorder."[1]
 - If you use Windows 8.1, you can also move your pointer towards the bottom of the screen and click on the icon that looks like an arrow inside a circle. Scroll towards the end of the list until you find "Sound Recorder."[2]
 3. 3
 Select the application you want to use. You may notice two different sound recorder applications, especially if you are using Windows 8.1: one that has a grey icon and one that has an orange icon.
 - The orange icon is the app. To learn how to use it, click here.
 - The grey icon is the program. To learn how to use it, click here.
2
Using the Sound Recorder App
 1. 1
 Select the orange Sound Recorder icon. This will bring up an application. It looks like a solid-colored screen, with a circle in the middle of it. Inside the circle is a picture of a microphone. Under the circle is a bunch of 0's.
 2. 2
 Allow microphone access, if necessary. If this is your first time using the app, the app may ask you for permission to access your mic. Click "yes" or "okay."
 - If this is not your first time, and you see a notice saying that the app doesn't have access to your mic, you will need to change that. Swipe from the right to the left side of your screen, and select "Settings" from the menu. Select "Permissions" from the side menu that pops up. Turn the microphone option on; the bar should turn blue.[3]
 3. 3
 Tap the circle to start recording. You can start talking, singing, playing music, or doing whatever else you need to make noise for the recording.
 4. 4
 Tap the pause button to pause the recording. You can continue the recording by clicking the button again.
 5. 5
 Click "Stop" to end and save the recording. If you have made recordings before, you will also see a list of your other recordings. Keep in mind that the recordings made in this app are saved directly in the app. If you get rid of the app, you will lose those recordings as well.
3
Using the Sound Recorder Program
 1. 1
 Select the grey Sound Recorder Icon. This will take you back to your desktop screen. You will see a narrow rectangle pop-up on your screen, with a flashing green bar, and a red dot that says "Start Recording."
 2. 2
 Click on the red dot to start recording. As you begin recording, you may notice the slider changing colors from green to yellow to red. These indicate the volume of your recording. Green is a good volume and yellow means that your recording might be too loud and you should speak softer. Red means that you are speaking too loudly. You'd want to stay in the green or yellow area.
 - Recordings that are too loud may sound staticky.
 3. 3
 Click "Stop Recording" when you are done. This will not only stop the recording, but give you a chance to save it.
 4. 4
 Save the file. When you hit "Stop Recording," you will get a pop-up that asks you to select a location in which to save the file. You will also get to name your recording. Name your file first, then select the folder in which you want to save your file. Click "Save."
Community Q&A
Search
Add New Question
 - Can I save this as something other than a WMA file?
 wikiHow Contributor
 When you save the file, use the "Save As Type" dropdown to select an alternate file type. If no alternate file type is available, there are websites online that you can use to convert the file to a new format.
 - How do I mix multiple recordings to play simultaneously?
 wikiHow Contributor
 A great free program I use is Audacity. Just Google it; it's very easy and extremely user friendly!
 - How can I record to a different file format apart from WMA?
 wikiHow Contributor
 Download Audacity. You can save music files in WAV and MP3.
Ask a Question
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Submit
 Warnings
 - Most webcams and mics should be "plug and play," but some might require you to download drivers first before they will work.
 Article Info
 Categories: Windows 8
 In other languages:
 Português: Criar uma Gravação de Som no Windows 8, Русский: сделать звукозапись на Windows 8
 Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 34,441 times.
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Authors of section
Authors
Scott Bartlett, Michael Ehrenfeld, Gerson Mast, Adrian Sugar
Executive Editor
Ed Ellis III
General Editor
Daniel Buchbinder
Open all credits
BSSO (Obwegeser)
1. Introduction
The Obwegeser osteotomy is a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy of the ramus, which divides the mandible into two smaller condyle bearing segments and a large segment consisting of the mandibular body including the teeth and chin
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
This is a universal procedure that can be employed for all mandibular movements.
To illustrate the procedure, we will here show the correction of mandibular prognathism.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
The obvious problem of this procedure is the close proximity of the osteotomy lines and the neurovascular canal. Care should be taken not to damage the inferior alveolar nerve during this procedure.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
2. Planning
For a detailed description of how to plan orthognathic surgery, please click here.
Planning of orthognathic surgery
3. Approach
For this procedure the transoral approach to the mandibular angle is used.
Planning of orthognathic surgery
4. Osteotomy
Corticotomies
The procedure starts with three corticotomies.
The first cut is made through the lingual cortex a few mm above the mandibular foramen parallel to the occlusion. The corticotomy is extended from the anterior to the posterior borders of the ramus.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
The second corticotomy is made through the buccal cortex, again parallel to the occlusion at the level of the alveolar crest. The corticotomy is extended from the anterior to the posterior borders of the ramus.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
The third corticotomy connects the first two osteotomy lines along the anterior border of the ascending ramus.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
The sagittal split
The final split is completed with a thin osteotome, splitting the entire ascending ramus from the anterior to the posterior border of the ramus.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
5. Mobilization/positioning
A special bone spreader can be used to mobilize the segments.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
After the bilateral split is completed the large tooth bearing segment can be moved three dimensionally.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
Some movements, such as superior positioning of the tooth bearing segment, will require removal of bone to allow for a good alignment of the respective segments.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
Positioning of the tooth bearing segment
Mandibulo-maxillary fixation is performed to position the tooth bearing segment to the desired relationship with the maxilla. A prefabricated surgical splint (or wafer) may be used to facilitate this.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
Positioning of condyle bearing segment
Care must be taken to maintain the normal fossa-condyle relation (see upper insert) and to avoid condylar displacement (see lower insert). Usually this is achieved by manual positioning of the condyle bearing segment superiorly into the glenoid fossa.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
An alternate method of positioning the condyle bearing segment is to use a condyle positioning device.
After outlining the osteotomy lines, the patient is placed into MMF using a centric relation bite wafer. Plates are adapted to span between the ascending ramus and the maxilla or zygomatic bone bilaterally, taking care to avoid the planned osteotomy sites.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
Positioning plates and MMF are then removed and the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy is performed.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
After placing the patient into the desired final occlusion, the positioning plates are re-attached to position the condyles into their preoperative position within the glenoid fossa. An alternative to this is intraoperative position control with navigation.
Finally the osteosynthesis is performed and the condylar positioning device removed.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
Some movements, such as superior positioning of the tooth bearing segment, will require removal of bone to allow for a good alignment of the respective segments.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
6. Internal fixation
Internal fixation is usually performed with positioning screws, plates or combinations. Screw placement is usually performed with either transbuccal instrumentation or angulated drills and screwdrivers.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
Bone supported devices
Screws
A minimum of two and preferably three bicortical position screws are placed between the buccal and lingual cortices.
Care should be taken to avoid damaging the inferior alveolar nerve.
Two possible patterns of screw placement are demonstrated.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
Plates
A plate can be applied across the segments on the lateral aspect of the mandible using monocortical screws. A minimum of two screws on each side of the osteotomy is necessary.
Avoid placing the plate and screws in close proximity to the alveolar canal in order to avoid damage to the inferior alveolar nerve.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
Plate screw combination
Combinations of a single plate and a positioning screw (anti rotation screw) are also possible. This improves stability against rotational forces.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
7. Release of MMF and position control
After completion of osteosynthesis on both sides, the MMF is released and the resulting occlusion is checked against the pre-planned position. The splint may be fixed to the maxillary teeth with a few thin wires and left in place during the healing phase to allow for neuromuscular adaption and position control.
Orthognathic Surgery: BSSO - Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (Obwegeser)
8. Aftercare following orthognatic surgery with occlusal change
If MMF screws or Temporary Anchoring Devices (TADs) are used intraoperatively, they are removed at the end of surgery if not further needed for elastic traction. If a final splint was used, it may be fixed to the orthodontic devices (brackets) of the upper jaw to assure the planned occlusion and to serve as guidance for the neuromuscular adaption during functional training for about 2 weeks postoperatively.
To reduce swelling, the application of ice-packs or cooling devices during the early post-operative phase is advice. Intravenous steroids should also be continued for a short period postoperatively for the same purpose.
Antibiotic prophylaxis is continued for 1-5 days depending on the nature, complexity, and duration of the surgical procedure.
Especially in two-jaw surgery, the airway control is of major importance. An individual decision has to be taken if the patient can be extubated or should remain intubated until it is clear that safe airway can be established.
Early post-operative x-rays are obtained to verify correct segment position. Additional postoperative imaging is performed as needed.
Regular follow up examinations to monitor healing and the postoperative occlusion are required. If an occlusal problem is present in the early postoperative phase, the surgeon must determine its etiology. If the malocclusion is secondary to surgical edema or muscle detachment/disorders, training elastics may be beneficial. The elastics are only used for guidance, because active motion of the mandible is desirable. Patients should be instructed how to place and remove the elastics using a hand mirror. If the malocclusion is secondary to a bone problem due to inadequate fragment positioning, displaced or failed hardware, or condylar displacement during surgery, elastic training will be


text:
The Meteorological Department said that the country was affected by a rainy situation that began Sunday morning, with full intensity gradually increasing with the proliferation of low and medium clouds.
The weather forecast observer at the Met department, Abdulaziz Al-Qarawi, told Kuwait News Agency (KUNA) he expects the weather to be warm during the day and cool at night next Tuesday and Wednesday, with chances of rain coming again next Thursday evening.
Due to the instability of the weather, the General Fire Force called for caution and the Public Relations and Media Department said in a statement called on everyone to call emergency phone No. 112 when necessary for assistance.
For its part, the Department of Public Relations and Security Media at the Ministry of Interior provided a number of tips under the title "For Safe Driving During the Rain", in which it called for slowing down to avoid skidding, using the warning signal only in the event of a complete stop, moving away from places where water is collected, and adhering to the middle lane. When driving in case of water gathering on the shoulders of the road.
Meanwhile, the fourth day of the holy month, the country witnessed cloudy to partly cloudy weather with a noticeable drop in temperature, sporadic rain, sometimes thundery, and an opportunity for dust.
The post Met predicts rain for next Thursday evening, warm during day and cool at night appeared first on TimesKuwait.


PokéBase - Pokémon Q&A
0 votes
I'm guessing Alakazam or Metagross.
Just curious. XD
The one that has eaten all our Gummis in EOS.
5 Answers
8 votes
Best answer
Pokedex Entry
>Alakazam's brain continually grows, infinitely multiplying brain cells. This amazing brain gives this Pokémon an astoundingly high IQ of 5,000. It has a thorough memory of everything that has occurred in the world.
Once again, Pokedex Entry.
Now, the question is:
Which one has higher IQ? Which one is cleverer? Which one is smarter?
To answer this, we need to know what IQ means in terms of a supercomputer. How much IQ does a supercomputer have?
enter image description here
According to this website,
>One of the world's smartest computers took an intelligence test and scored as well as a four-year-old human being.
>The computer basically can name the dots, but can't connect them.
From here on, it seems simpler. Basically, Metagross can solve equations, but not necessarily understand them, or know them. On the other hand, Alakazam has the ability to know and remember everything in the world. Implying that not only does it know the equation that Metagross solves within seconds, but also why, and the answer, kind of before hand. Also, the Dex entry talks of infinite brain-cell generating capabilities, that, in my opinion, out-trumps Metagross without a doubt.
Also, Metagross can only analyze, meaning it would probably fail the Turing test (keep in mind, however, it does use this in battles, so it is question of whether it is acting them out as simulations, or as actual strategies. If they are merely simulations, then it is not AI, but given that it acts based on the simulations, it may be AI). Now, Alakazam, as we know, has Intelligence of its own, and acts based on strategies it creates, as opposed to Metagross, instead of creating simulations, and discarding those that aren't beneficial.
tl;dr: Metagross solves stuff, Alakazam already knows the answer.
Alakazam Wins.
enter image description here
Had to upload this genius from RareCandyTreatment :3
selected by
Alakazam: Solved a 5 x 5 rubik's cube in 78 seconds
All hail alakazam
You're awesome, Infinity.
But doesn't Uxie technically have the highest IQ? Seeing as it is the embodiment of Knowledge.
I could actually disagree for good reasons here, but then we would end up with rocket science and "why einstein was wrong" arguments xD
Thanks a bunch Infinity(cool name).
How kind of you to say that, Astro! :3 (No seriously, you made my day!)
Well, about Uxie, it IS legendary Pokemon created SPECIFICALLY to represent Knowledge itself. If you think of it as an embodiment, or a rather, spirit, or entity, designed to keep things in check, as opposed to a Pokemon then indeed, Uxie can't be compared to either of the above Pokemon in terms of IQ.
And, Luke, no problem at all, man! I had fun thinking about the answer to this, and digging up stuff that I hadn't known previously either! It was a great question, one that forced me to think about super-computers and other stuff that Alan Turing was good at. As for the name, glad that you like it. It is, to be honest, a kind of a play on my actual name (or rather, its translation). + It sounds cool af. :3
That comic is still as fun :)
if it can recall everything since it was born, why can't it recall the move role play if it learned it before?
0 votes
I would go for Metagross because (Not only I like it) It has FOUR brains. Take that Alakazam. Alakazam's brain only grows but it doesn't have 4.
So say 1000 IQ for each brain he would only be 4000 IQ.
But then Alakazam had has 5000 so it could be him.
So I rekon overall... Alakazam wins
edited by
I know it is confusing so just read the BOLD writing.
0 votes
As far as I know, Alakazam is the only Pokemon that has had their IQ stated. Alakazam's IQ is also probably the highest because it's IQ is said to be around/over 5,000. We also know Metagross is very smart because it's Pokedex entries say that it's four brains are able to calculate difficult problems faster than a supercomputer. It doesn't tell Metagross's exact IQ but it tells that it is very smart.
Pokemon that also (probably) have a high IQ (Maybe the highest)
Lapras: Some of Lapras's Pokedex entries state that it is highly intelligent and it can understand human speech.
>Its high intelligence enables it to understand human speech. It likes to ferry people on its back.
Uxie: Uxie is the being of knowledge, it is most likely very smart.
Arceus: Arceus is the god of Pokemon, God knows everything.
Mew: The ancestor of all Pokemon must be very smart.
Beldum & Metang: The pre-evolutions of Metagross, Metagross is smart so Metang & Beldum are most likely smart.
Abra & Kadabra: Same thing with Beldum & Metang, they are the pre evolutions of Alakazam
Slowking: Look at dex entries. (Thanks Astro!!)
Hope I helped!
and knowledge.
edited by
Isn't Slowking hyperintelligent as well?
I knew I was onto something with slowbro!!!
Ancestor of all pokemon must be smart? Say that to microbes
0 votes
Metagross Ruby entry: METAGROSS has four brains in total. Combined, the four brains can breeze through difficult calculations faster than a supercomputer. This POKéMON can float in the air by tucking in its four legs
>Alakazam Red and Blue entry: Its brain can outperform a supercomputer. Its intelligence quotient is said to be 5,000.
Ok so both outperform a Super computer. Intelligent, huh? The highest IQ in the world is 154. So 5000 is a lot. If each Metang's iq was 500, it couldn't beat Alakazam.
So there, Alakazam, way to go.
But there is no proof for alakazam to have the highest IQ as it is the only Pokemon to have their IQ stated.
0 votes
Actually unlike everyone else I have to disagree completely with everone.
Either Uxie or Arceus.
Arceus because its the god of Pokemon and so knows everything and is 'all knowing'
Uxie is the Pokemon of wisdom and so technically theoretically has the highest IQ.
I said that they might
Seems probable.
but they can still only know 4 moves and can't use potions by themselves...
Thats only in the game so it would be fair. If they could do that, everyone would be using them! Maybe they could, but perhaps they have battling laws for that or something. The games are just pieces of coding.
What sapphire said, all Pokemon can learn only 4 moves, if any Pokemon could learn more than 4 moves would give it an unfair advantage (beside maybe magikarp where it would do absolutely NOTHING)
The Christian God is all knowing but Pokemon theology seems to be a bit different. It probably more closely models eastern religions where gods are more limited to roles or represent a universal energy or something like that. In Pokemon theology arceus may be God and still not all knowing. Uxie still stands out though. But wisdom and intelligence can be argued as not the same.
To quote Dexter Jettster her, "You'd think you Jedi Knights would know the difference between knowledge and… wisdom. Heh heh heh."


162, today +7
India Himachal Pradesh MehatpurBasdehra Published June 12, 2021 ID #645
What are the health benefits of Swarna Prashana (Suvarna Prashana)?
The health benefits of Swarna Prashana (Suvarna Prashana) are explained in an ancient classic textbook called "Kashyapa Samhita." According to Ayurvedic texts Swarna Prashana (Suvarna Prashana) shows following benefits. 1. Boosts Immune system
2. Enhances Memory
3. Improves Digestion
Swarna Prashana accelerates the process of digestion and hence improves the absorption of essential nutrients from food. Many children often suffer from gastric discomfort and reduced appetite. Swarna Prashana improves appetite and thus promotes healthy body growth.
4. Nourishes the skin
Good skin is a sign of good health. Swarna Prashana expels the unwanted toxins from the body causing total body de-toxification. It also improves the blood circulation which further results in improved skin texture and imparts glow to the skin.
5. Reduces mental agitation
6. Improves hearing and vision
Swarna Prashana is known to improve the sense of hearing and vision.
7. Improves overall physical and mental health
Swarna Prashana improves the blood circulation in the body and also stimulates the nervous system, thereby leading to overall good physical and Mental Health. What Does Swarna Prashana (Suvarna Prashana) Contain?
Swarna Prashana (Suvarna Prashana) is a unique combination of Swarna bhasma (gold ash) mixed with honey and ghee that is fortified with arka, an herbal extracts like vacha, brahmi, shankupushpi, etc.
How Does It Work?
Swarna Prashana (Suvarna Prashana) contains gold as the main ingredient. It is made into Suvarna bhasma through a special process because gold cannot be consumed in its metallic form. Gold is known to boost Immunity as well as enhance memory.
Another important ingredient present in Swarna Prashana (Suvarna Prashana) is the honey. Honey is prepared by collection of pollen grains. Since pollen grains are known to cause allergic reactions, consumption of honey in very low doses is believed to gradually prepare the body to fight against other allergens. Honey is also known to act against inflammation and improve digestion.
Ghee or Ghrita which is the third important component of Swarna Prashana (Suvarna Prashana), acts as an effective medium in which herbal medications can be prepared. Ghee or Ghrita shows unique properties of acquiring the medicinal values of herbs added to it.
Who Should Have Swarna Prashana (Suvarna Prashana)?
Swarna Prashna can be given to anyone aged 0 to 16 years. It can be taken daily for a period of 30 days or can be taken specifically on the pushya nakshatra.
When to take:
1. On an empty stomach preferably in the morning
2. Do not have food at least for 30 minutes after consumption of swarnaprashan
Importance of Pushya Nakshatra For Swarna Prashna
It is recommended that Swarna Prashna should be taken on pushya nakshatra. Pushya refers to nourishment and pushya nakshatra is one of the most auspicious of the 27 nakshatras. The symbol of pushya nakshtra is the cow udder. If observed on the pushya nakshatra, the stars in the sky appear in an arrangement that that creates cow udder. Cow udder is associated with nourishment and so the Swarna Prashna is taken on pushya nakshatra to get optimum nourishment and benefits. Swarna Prashna can be consumed on a
 Name: elinna joness
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The Sink Thing
The Sink Thing is a short film that combines both stop motion and cel animation about the mysterious creature known as the Fatberg, which was born from an unfortunate incident. The short film aims to raise awareness and educate the public to not dispose liquid food waste by pouring it down the sink. The film is still to be completed, but here are selected works from our work in progress!
Fatberg is a buildup of FOGs (fat, oil, and grease) and non-biodegradable matter that end up down the drain and eventually block up the sewage system. This causes multiple problems from household spillage, environmental damage, to diseases. While most people know not to flush trash down the toilet and pour liquid kitchen waste down the sink, we all still do it anyway. What can we do about it?
For this brief, students pair up into a group of 4-5. Each group must find a way to tackle an issue from a list of topics and come up with a design solution that is built up from research. Students must then do a proposal presentation and pitch their solutions based on findings. The following term, students begin making collaterals based on respective proposals, aiming for a minimum viable product. Finally, the MVPs are then presented to a panel.
storyboard sketch.jpg
Raw stop motion footage done in a verrry tight budget. We used a mix of puppeting with fishing line and blue tac to secure the props onto surfaces.
Rough cel animations over stop motion footage. We use facial libraries to help make the animation process quicker.
Team T.R.A.S.H.
Style frames
Stop motion animation
Cel animation
After Effects cleanup
Logo design
Juvensco - Technical director
Vania Chandrawidjaja - Art director
William Kusuma - Animation director
Tallen Borucki - Graphic designer


text:
This procedure determines the angle at which a bottle will tip and fall once the center of gravity has been overcome on tilting.
A tilt test device is fitted with the appropriate surface. The test device is then tipped until a test bottle breaks the plane of contact because the center of gravity of the bottle has been overcome. The angle at which this tipping occurs is considered the tilt angle. Typically, twelve bottles are tested and the average tilt angle is determined for the set of bottles.