Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are a significant energy consumer, yet there are several opportunities of implementing on-site power generation systems. Within the treatment process, the high flow rate of effluent is produced and discharged to a nearby water body by gravity. Thus, hydro turbines can be utilized to generate power in such application due to a difference in elevation and high flow rate. This paper presents a case study of introducing a hydro turbine in wastewater treatment plant in Wisconsin and evaluating the power output in addition to determining the energy savings. The wastewater treatment plant considered in this study has an effluent flow rate of 190 MGD (million gallons per day) and elevation difference of 3 meters (10 feet) between the final stage of treatment and the discharge point. Based on the aforementioned parameters; hubless rim-drive Kaplan type hydro turbine (RDT) is the optimal choice to be used in such application. The RDT is designed and optimized by using in-house code. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software is applied to evaluate the performance of the proposed model, and the system is simulated through HOMER software to validate the results generated by the CFD. The expected savings is estimated to be 1,564 MWh/year.
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Is there an explicit algorithm which establish a bijection between polynomials with finite variables and natural coefficients and natural numbers. Does anyone have one of these?Thanks.
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What do you mean by finite variables? Do you mean finitely many, like, $x_1 \dots x_n$? – Ben Millwood Sep 12 '12 at 10:08
Yes, thats what I mean exactly. – Hooman Sep 12 '12 at 10:11
Maybe powers of primes? (This won't actually work.) – wj32 Sep 12 '12 at 10:28
You ask for a bijection, which is possible but quite hard (especially if you ask an "explicit formula"). Answers so far involve algorithms (after all nobody even has an explicit formula for the $n$-th prime number) that produce an injection of polynomials into the natural numbers. If that suffices for you, you might want to edit your question so as to be less demanding. – Marc van Leeuwen Sep 12 '12 at 11:48
2 Answers 2
up vote 2 down vote accepted
Here is an algorithm that produces for each such polynomial $q(X_1,\ldots, X_r)$ a natural number in an injective and reversible way:
Let $p_1$, $p_2$, $\ldots$ be the primes in ascending order, and let ${\mathbb N}^*:=\bigcup_{n=0}^\infty {\mathbb N}^n$ be the set of words over the alphabet ${\mathbb N}$. An element of ${\mathbb N}^*$ is a finite tuple of natural numbers. The function $$\psi: \ {\mathbb N}^*\to {\mathbb N}\,\qquad (x_1,x_2,\ldots, x_n)\ \mapsto \ p_1^{x_1}\ p_2^{x_2}\cdot\ldots\cdot p_n^{x_n}$$ is injective, by the fundamental theorem of arithmetic.
A polynomial $q:=q(X_1,\ldots, X_r)$ is a finite sum of monomials of the form $$a\ X_1^{x_1}\ X_2^{x_2}\ \cdots\ X_r^{x_r}\, $$ where $a$ and the $x_i$ are natural numbers. It follows that such a monomial can be encoded into the number $y:=\psi(a,x_1,x_2,\ldots, x_r)$. Do this for every monomial occurring in $q$, and you get a list of natural numbers, which you better arrange in decreasing order. Let $(y_1,y_2,\ldots, y_N)$ be the list so obtained. Then $$\Psi(q):=\psi(y_1,\ldots, y_N)$$ is the final code-number assigned to the polynomial $q$.
As an exercice we compute the code-number of the polynomial $q(X,Y):=3 XY +2 Y^3$. One has $$3XY=3X^1Y^1\,\quad 2 Y^3=2 X^0Y^3\ ;$$ therefore these two monomials determine $$y=\psi(3,1,1)=2^3\cdot3^1\cdot 5^1=120, \quad y'=\psi(2,0,3)=2^2\cdot 3^0\cdot 5^3=500\.$$ As $500>120$ we obtain $$\eqalign{\Psi(q)=&\psi(500,120)=2^{500}\cdot 3^{120}=\cr &588231663803252819851242468885657\cr &737281191157147698980407385320166\cr &4929501083470168424157628631200921241\cr &1106855928867093446243479502053445791\cr &03336519115831609224583871650969534711\cr &779898967116298434135013195776\.\cr}$$
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For this question, I'm going to gloss over the question of whether or not $0\in\mathbb N$. There's a clear bijection between the two options in any case, so I'll only refer to positive integers and non-negative integers.
To understand how to do what you ask, it's probably easiest to understand how to encode finite sequences of non-negative integers as a positive integer, and then how to encode your polynomials as those.
The usual way of doing the former is in prime factorisations. Since prime factorisations are unique, if I have $a_1\dots a_n$ non-negative integers and $p_1 \dots p_n$ prime numbers, I can recover the $a_k$ from the prime factorisation of the positive integer $p_1^{a_1}p_2^{a_2}\dots p_n^{a_n}$.
With regards to the latter, you just need to pick an ordering of your terms and read off the coefficients. I might as well pretend you have infinitely many variables, and just all but finitely many have zero coefficients, but now there's some subtlety in how I order them so that I do eventually get to every one. I think what I'll do is call the variables $x_1, x_2 \dots$ and then define the combined degree of a term to be its degree plus the sum of the subscripts used in that term. That way, every term has finite combined degree, but crucially there are only finitely many terms of each combined degree, so if I just list the terms by increasing combined degree, any term will eventually be listed. Pedantically, I do also need to choose an ordering within each collection of terms of given combined degree, but that's not actually difficult - lexicographic order is as good as any. The listing would start $1, x_1, x_1^2, x_2, x_1^3, x_2^2, x_3, x_1^4, x_1x_2, x_2^3, x_3^2, x_4, \dots$
Under this correspondence, I encode $4 + 2x_3^2 + x_1x_2$ as the sequence $4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 2$ and hence as the integer $p_1^4p_9p_{11}^2=2^4\times23\times31^2=353648$.
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text: The social facilitation effect describes the change in the performance of the task under the influence of the presence of observers. The effect itself consists of two components: social facilitation in simple tasks and social inhibition in complex tasks. In the context of the dynamic development of new technologies, the question of the possible influence on human behavior by virtual characters gains importance. We attempted to critically describe and summarize current research on social facilitation in order to answer the question of whether it occurs in virtual environments. We found 13 relevant studies, 3 of which demonstrated social facilitation, 4 social inhibition and 1 demonstrated the whole effect. The conclusions drawn from the analysis are ambiguous. Firstly, we identified that 12 out of 13 analyzed studies failed to show the whole effect. Secondly, we encountered several shortcomings of the summarized research that further complicated its interpretation. The shortcomings: presence of the researcher, unclear usage of "agent" and "avatar", evaluation of activation, no pilot tests of observers and no description of how their characteristics are generated, among others, are discussed. Furthermore, we investigated the effect sizes and their variability. The average effect size for social facilitation was g = 0.18, CI [-0.28; 0.64] and for social inhibition g = -0.18, CI [-0.40; 0.04]. In social facilitation, a substantial level of heterogeneity was detected. Finally, we conclude that it is still too early to provide a definite answer to the question of whether social facilitation exists in Virtual Environments. We recommend limiting evaluation activation to the lowest possible level, conducting pilot tests prior to the experiment, avoiding the presence of the researcher in the experimental room and a clear distinction of "agent" and "avatar", as measures to achieve a better quality in future research.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
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Victorian Women on Farms Gathering Collection
Image: Patch - Victorian Women on Farms Gathering, Warragul 1999
Source: Museum Victoria
Since 1990, Victorian rural women have met at annual events, Women on Farms Gatherings, to share common interests, exchange information, celebrate their contribution to their farms and communities, and support and nurture each other.
Each Gathering is linked by a tradition of sharing memories, symbolic icons, women's stories, workshops, rituals, farm tours, good food and fun. The meaning, identity and action expressed through these collective activities are often 'life changing' for participants and foster a deep sense of community.
These gatherings emerged as part of the 'rural women's movement' in Australia. This movement sought to raise the profile, opportunities and voice of rural women. The Victorian Gatherings were soon replicated in other states around Australia, and fed into the organisation of the world's first 'Women in Agriculture' conference held in Melbourne in 1994.
The Women on Farms Gathering Collection dates from the first Gathering held at Warragul in 1990 and covers the first 20 years up to 2009. The Women on Farms Gathering Collection is a community project involving the active participation of rural Victorian women in collecting, interpreting and sharing their histories.
A cow pat, mallee root and motherboard, are some of the 'icons' in the collection and offer a colourful and symbolic insight into the stories and experiences of rural women. These icons have been chosen by the organisers of each Gathering to symbolise and celebrate the leadership, unity, diversity and resilience of rural women. The collection also includes two large banners (one of which is used and altered at each Gathering), videos, photographs, a memorial plaque, memorabilia and a large collection of oral histories.
The collection has state and national significance. It highlights the diversity of rural women's experiences, documents the contribution of women to their farms and communities, the changing nature of agriculture and contemporary issues affecting the future of Victorian rural communities. The contemporary and collaborative nature of the collection has created important community links across rural and regional Victoria and has directly influenced the development of associated collections and research, including: toxic waste campaign, 2009 Victorian bushfires, water security, climate change, drought, sustainable agriculture, gender and demographic change.
The active involvement of rural women in the development of this contemporary collection has fostered new and exciting possibilities for museum practice and the history making process:
"...we are creating living history. This Heritage Project with Museum Victoria is the first time that the museum has ever attempted something like this, and to my knowledge it is one of the few things in a museum that I have ever seen, which hasn't had to die to be recognised, and I find that very refreshing." Ann Jarvis (Inaugural member of the Women on Farms Heritage Group, Kergunyah)
"Collecting, documenting and displaying these stories through the community partnership between Women on Farms Gathering Heritage Group and Museum Victoria is groundbreaking. It is a model for how institutions may reshape their role to work collaboratively with communities to better interpret and represent their place in Australian life." Kerry Wilson, Member of the Women on Farms Heritage Group, Violet Town)
History of Victorian Women on Farms Gatherings
Victorian Women on Farms Gatherings - What is a Gathering?
Women on Farms Gathering - Memorial Plaque
The Women on Farms Gathering Heritage Agreement
Women on Farms Gathering - The Perpetual Banner and Patches
Australian Rural Women's Movement - Timeline
Bibliography - Australian Women on Farms
Rural Women Gather Across Australia
Poetry and Song - The Victorian Women on Farms Gatherings
1990 Warragul Gathering (Inaugural Gathering)
1991 Sea Lake WoFG
1992 Numurkah WoFG
1993 Tallangatta WoFG
1994 Glenormiston WoFG
1995 Swan Hill WoFG
1996 Ararat WoFG
1997 Bendigo WoFG
1998 Ouyen WoFG
1999 Warragul WoFG
2000 Yarra Valley (Healesville) WoFG
2001 North East (Beechworth) WoFG
2002 Macedon Ranges (Kyneton) WoFG
2003 Yarram WoFG
2004 Horsham WoFG
2005 Benalla WoFG
2006 Hamilton WoFG
2007 Shepparton WoFG
2008 Berriwillock WoFG
2009 Warragul WoFG
Items per page: 10 50 (showing 1 - 10) 172 items
White ceramic mug given to participants at the Glenormiston Women on Farms Gathering in 1994. It is an example of the creative presentation of issues affecting rural women at the Gathe...Images: 1
Mug given to each participant of the 2002 Macedon Ranges (Kyneton) Women on Farms Gathering in their Gathering Bag on registration. The mug is a very practical recurring ritual of the...Images: 1
Digital colour image of the Women on Farms Gathering banner, taken at the Horsham Women on Farms Gathering in 2004. The banner displays 15 patches (panels) that illustrate the Gathering...Images: 1
Royal blue scarf with yellow hand-painted wattle-like emblem on one end. This scarf was worn by the donor and by other members of the 2003 Yarram Women on Farms Gathering organising com...Images: 1
Blue polo neck shirt with logo. This shirt was worn by members of the 2003 Yarram Women on Farms Gathering organising committee. During the weekend all members of the committee wore blu...Images: 1
Silk scarf from the 2001 North East (Beechworth) Women on Farms Gathering. This scarf was worn by the North East (Beechworth) organising committee members as a form of identification. T...Images: 1
T-shirt from the 1993 Tallangatta Women on Farms Gathering. This green t-shirt was worn by members of the Tallangatta Women on Farms Gathering organising committee as a form of identifi...Images: 1
Calico vest worn by members of the 1998 Ouyen Women on Farms Gathering organising committee. During the weekend all members of the committee wore this vest so that they could be easily...Images: 1
Strong pink cotton hat with 2004 Horsham Women on Farms Gathering label applied to crown. This hat was contained within the 'Gathering pack' that was given to participants as they arriv...Images: 1
Green handmade badge created for the 1993 Tallangatta Women on Farms Gathering. Denise, Kylie & Yvette Kirk made these badges using a machine borrowed from the Tallangatta Hospital. Den...Images: 1

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Featured Profile
Stan Brock
Remote Area Medical
Remembered by many as the co-star of the television series Wild Kingdom, Stan Brock grew up with the Wapishana Indians in the Central Amazon Basin. "We were 25-35 day's march to the nearest town with no health care," reports Stan, who eventually cut the trip to two hours by becoming a pilot.
Before founding Remote Area MedicalÂ® and coming to Knoxville, TN where he now lives, Stan Brock spent 15 years as general manager of the Rupununi Development Company Dadanawa Ranch (Guyana), the world's largest tropical cattle ranch (area 4,000 square miles, 40,000 cattle, 2,000 horses, 1,200 sheep); with extensive range management, beef marketing, and veterinary experience; was fluent in Portuguese, Spanish, and Wapishana.
Stan Brock has a rich background in exploration and discovery - he was a pioneer Amazon bush-pilot ; a noted authority on wildlife conservation and management; and an expert on rainforests and their inhabitants. He became a Research Associate of the Royal Ontario Museum, Department of Mammalogy and is the discoverer of the new species of bat now known to science as Vampyresa brockii, in the northern Amazon Basin.
Known to millions throughout the world as co-host and associate producer of NBC's Wild Kingdom, the most popular weekly wildlife series ever broadcast on American television. He was director, writer, and narrator of another television series Stan Brock's Expedition Danger, and starred in the motion pictures Forgotten Wilderness, Galyon, The Indestructable Man, and Escape from Angola. Brock is an Airline Transport Pilot with Flight Instructor certificates, a skilled writer on a variety of subjects; publishedauthor of five books in hard-cover and numerous articles in Reader's Digest and other publications, and a physical fitness
expert.; 1st Cho Dan Black Belt Tae Kwon Do Karate.
Recent Contributions by Stan Brock


The RenderTarget must be updated to reflect the new window size. Since this sample application is derived from the CppAppBase that I presented in a previous post there exist a resize method that can be overridden to to update the render target. ID2D1RenderTarget::Resize accepts a D2D1_SIZE_U struct and updates the render target size accordingly.
void D2D1AppWindow::OnResize(UINT width, UINT height)
 this->_size = D2D1_SIZE_U{ width, height };
 if (_pRenderTarget)
There is still an annoying behaviour. While the window is being resize the screen is blank. Part of the reason for this is that the rendering only occurs when there are no messages to process and resizing generates messages. One of the messages generated while resizing is a WM_PAINT message; this is telling the application to redraw itself. If we call OnRender() in response to a WM_PAINT message this will handle the screen updates while resizing. The AppWindow base class has an OnPaint() method that is called when a WM_PAINT message comes through. Overriding this method and adding a call to OnRender() results in a window that doesn't go blank when resizing.
void D2D1AppWindow::OnPaint()
Rendering a Shape List
One could write code to individually render each one of the primitives needed to make up a more complex scene. For applications with complex scenes doing this is especially undesirable. Instead a better solution is have the primitives that must be called encoded within a file. If a change needs to be made to a scene the change would be made with the file instead of in code.
For the next sample I"m going to move halfway to such a solution. I'm making a list of primitives to be rendered and am populating the list from code. With a bit more work the data could be externalized. I'm using the list to start rebuilding an interface. I was playing a video game on my Nintendo Switch. The game had a screen that displayed between levels that shows how well someone did. I thought the interface was both simple and æsthetically pleasing.
Creating something similar to this is my goal. It is composed of several rectangles, a few concentric circles, and text. Were the interface all the same type of geometry elements this could be defined with a simple list of attributes about the rectangles. Since there is more than one type of geometry the list elements must identify a geometry type. I've made a struct that has a field that identifies the shape type (Rectangle or Ellipse for now), identifies which of the colors in my 3 color palette that the item should be, and has the information for the shape itself. The rectangle data and ellipse data are in a union to minimize the amount of memory used for each item.
enum PaletteIndex {
 Primary = 0,
 Secondary = 1,
 Background = 2
enum ShapeType {
 ShapeType_Rectangle = 0,
 ShapeType_Ellipse = 1
struct ColoredShape
 static ColoredShape MakeEllipse(D2D1_ELLIPSE e, PaletteIndex p)
 ColoredShape c{ 0 };
 c.shapeType = ShapeType::ShapeType_Ellipse;
 c.ellipse = e;
 c.paletteIndex = p;
 return c;
 static ColoredShape MakeRectangle(D2D1_RECT_F r, PaletteIndex p)
 ColoredShape c{ 0 };
 c.shapeType = ShapeType::ShapeType_Rectangle;
 c.rect = r;
 c.paletteIndex = p;
 return c;
 union {
 D2D1_ELLIPSE ellipse;
 D2D1_RECT_F rect;
 ShapeType shapeType;
 PaletteIndex paletteIndex;
The factory methods make it easier to initialize instances of the value. I've got a vector that holds these structs. It is populated with the data for each rectangle and ellipse to be rendered. The items will be rendered in the same order that they show in the list. If two items overlap the latter of the items to be rendered will be on top.
void D2D1AppWindow::InitDeviceIndependentResources()
 _primaryColor = D2D1::ColorF(0.7843F, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
 _secondaryColor = D2D1::ColorF(0.09411, 0.09411, 0.08593, 1.0);
 _backgroundColor = D2D1::ColorF(0.91014, 0.847655, 0.75f, 1.0);
 _mySquare = { 20, 20, 30, 30 };
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeRectangle({0,0,456,104 }, Primary));
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeRectangle({ 0,128,456,550 }, Primary ));
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeRectangle({ 488,0,508,110 }, Secondary ));
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeRectangle({ 488,40,900,115 }, Secondary ));
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeRectangle({ 530,130,850,180 }, Secondary));
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeRectangle({ 690,130,850,180 }, Primary));
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeRectangle({ 530,190,850,240 }, Secondary));
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeRectangle({ 690,190,850,240 }, Primary));
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeRectangle({ 530,250,850,300 }, Secondary));
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeRectangle({ 690,250,850,300 }, Primary));
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeRectangle({ 0,350,600,450 }, Secondary ));
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeEllipse({ 570,400,60, 60 }, Secondary));
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeEllipse({ 570,400,57, 57 }, Background));
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeEllipse({ 570,400,55, 55 }, Secondary));
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeEllipse({ 570,400,52, 52 }, Background));
 _shapeList.push_back(ColoredShape::MakeRectangle({ 476,470,870, 550 }, Secondary));
In the OnRender() method this list is iterated and each element is drawn.
void D2D1AppWindow::OnRender()
 if (!_pRenderTarget)
 _pRenderTarget->FillRectangle(&_mySquare, _pPrimaryBrush.Get());
 _pRenderTarget->DrawRectangle(&_mySquare, _pSecondaryBrush.Get());
 for (auto current = _shapeList.begin(); current!= _shapeList.end(); ++current)
 ComPtr brush;
 switch (current->paletteIndex)
 case Primary: brush = _pPrimaryBrush; break;
 case Secondary: brush = _pSecondaryBrush; break;
 case Background: brush = _pBackgroundBrush; break;
 default: brush = _pPrimaryBrush;
 switch (current->shapeType)
 case ShapeType::ShapeType_Rectangle:_pRenderTarget->FillRectangle(¤t->rect, brush.Get()); break;
 case ShapeType::ShapeType_Ellipse:_pRenderTarget->FillEllipse(¤t->ellipse, brush.Get()); break;
 hr = _pRenderTarget->EndDraw();
 // The surface has been lost. We need to recreate our
 // device dependent resources.
Running the program gives me something that looks like it was inspired by the video game interface.
There are similarities, but there are also plenty of differences. Aside from the missing text in the video game interface the text is rotated slightly. With the way rectangles are defined now there's no apparent way to render a rectangle that isn't aligned with the X or Y axis. To move forward we need to know how we can apply transformations to the rendering and how to render text. I'll continue there in the next part of this series.
The complete source code for the program can be found on github.
Win32/C++ Application Base
Win32 is necessary for development in many current technologies. Some of my current projects utilize Win32/C++ applications. Many of them use a similar pattern for starting the application. Initializing the window that hosts these applications is not particularly interesting, but it is a foundation block for some of my applications that I will share in the future.
In Win32 UI programs there will be at least one function defined that is known as being of type WNDPROC. A WNDPROC is a callback function. It is the primary function through which Windows will communicate to an application various events. When a user moves their mouse over an application WNDPROC is called. When the user presses a key WNDPROC is called. When an application is being notified to render its UI again WNDPROC is called. The call signature for WNDPROC is shown below.
 _In_ HWND hwnd,
 _In_ UINT uMsg,
 _In_ WPARAM wParam,
 _In_ LPARAM lParam
The first argument in this function is a handle to the window that is the intended recipient of the message. An application could have more than one window. But an application with only one window will have the same value. The second argument is a numerical value that identifies the event or


Alex Haley's Queen Forums
CBS (Mini-Series 1993)
What caused Queen's mental breakdown?
 - Avatar of boom-moo
 [1]Nov 8, 2008
 - member since: 02/05/07
 - level: 75
 - rank: Rowdy Roddy Piper
 - posts: 135,688
 The reason for Queen's nervous breakdown is not clearly stated in the miniseries. Critics usually claim that she had a fear of fire, which could actually make sense.
 1- Once the war was over, the Yankee captain ordered for the Jackson's cotton to be burnt, putting at end to their way of life. It was the beginning of the end for Queen, since she had no place in the plantation anymore.
 2-Then she witnessed a fire when she was first on her own and sought the help of a group of free slaves, who mocked her. Fate made her be hidden when the Ku Klux Klan members arrived and burned them all.
 3-Later on, when Davis was lynched, he was also burnt and Queen found his body.
 4-Finally, her gown caught fire when her sons were to live the family house.
 However, I think that there is much more to it than a simple fear of fire:the most important thing about those fires is their causes and consequences.
 1-She was asked away of the only home and the only way of life she had ever known, of the place where she belonged, of the family that was her own. In her own words: This was my home. My growin up, my life, my dreams and my nightmares. However, she wasn't loved, she didn't fit. Her mixed race condition got in the way, she was deprived of an identity, she didn't fit.
 2- When she was free and on her own, she found out that the free slaves didn't recognize her as their own either, she wasn't wanted or allowed to stay, to join them, to seek for and give protection, to identify as a group. She wasn't comprehended. Her mixed race condition got in the way. She didn't fit. They fed her like an animal which ultimately saved her life.
 3- Her first love was lynched because of the colour of his skin, and her child was endangered in the process. Mr. and Mrs. Benson didn't consider her an equal and used her to get to Davis. Her mixed race condition got in the way for her to fight to keep her child. She didn't fit.
 4- Despite finally having found a place she could call a home, her sons wanted to leave the house. She was ok with Simon leaving so he could carry on studying and better himself, but she wasn't ready to let Abner go, she didn't want him to go through what she had to: starvation, fear, abuse and whatnot. In her words: He going for a purpose, for a reason. What are you gonna do? End up on the street like half of the nig-gers that go up north? Abner, you my first born, and I love you. But you ain't got no idea of what is like out there.
 In sum, the departure of Abner and the accidental little fire, reminded her of all those other fires (and their causes and consequences) in her life. Causes that were never forgotten: I know I got a few demons in me, and I suppose they won't ever go away, but I ain't dangerous to nobody, except me..Consequences that made her grieve to the point of almost losing her mind. The constant struggle to find her place in the world, to fit, to be loved.
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text:
This Housing LIN report explores the potential for almshouses to play a greater role in offering housing for vulnerable older people. Almshouse charities face challenges and opportunities in delivering specialist accommodation and improvements to existing housing.
The paper gives examples of successful developments, and governance and management initiatives that have helped transform almshouse provision to meet housing need and complement local strategies for housing, care and support. Set out in three parts, it explains:
- the distinctive characteristics of almshouses and what they can offer locally
- how progressive almshouses are adapting to enable them to off appropriate housing in the 21st century, and
- develops exciting ideas for the future of the almshouse movement


text: Men and women 150 years ago grappled with information overload by making scrapbooks—ancient ancestors of Facebook and blogging. Both African American and women's rights scrapbook-makers documented their experiences in the public realm and experimented with ways to present them. In this lecture, Ellen Gruber Garvey reveals a previously unexplored layer of American popular culture, where activists collected and constructed new narratives by creating unwritten histories in books they "wrote" with scissors and paste. Ellen Gruber Garvey is professor of English at New Jersey City University. Co-sponsored by the Barnard English department and the Consortium for Critical Interdisciplinary Studies.


text:
Choosing the right server rails is essential for proper installation and accessibility. However, selecting rack rails can be confusing if you're not sure where to start. To ensure that you select the correct rail kit, this comprehensive guide will help you understand what a server rail is, how to differentiate the types of rails, and key factors to consider for your business.
What is a Server Rack Rail?
Server rack rails are essentially metal brackets or frames used to the mount and secure server within a 19" server rack or cabinet. They ensure that you can organize, access, and secure your servers. Because server rails provide stability and support, it allows for efficient installation, maintenance, and management of your systems.
Without rack rails, your servers would become prone to consequences such as equipment damage, overheating issues, and disorganization. Overall, rack rails are a crucial component to have because they can optimize server performance, improve airflow, and simplify server management.
The Different Types of Server Rails
Additionally, rack rails are specifically designed for the rack or equipment that you are using, so you can choose a rail kit that will best suit your needs. Two rails are typically required to mount your equipment, so every rail kit will come in pairs. These rails are made from steel or aluminum, featuring robust construction. Before you select a rail kit, it's important to understand the difference between the different types and their uses.
Sliding Rails / Telescoping
Sliding rails, or telescoping rails allow you to easily access your servers. As the name implies, sliding rails feature a sliding mechanism that allows you to fully extend a server out of the rack, similar to opening a desk drawer. With slide rails, you can service your equipment without disconnecting all the cables. For those environments with limited space or those who need to immediately service their equipment, sliding rails are ideal in comparison to fixed rails.
Fixed Rails / Static Rails
Fixed rails, or static rails, are typically for servers that do not require frequent maintenance or access. They are a long L-shaped bracket that supports the edge of your equipment. However, these rails firmly fix the server to the rack in a set position, so they are not flexible when it comes to server positioning. To perform maintenance, you need to fully remove the server and equipment from the server rack.
Fixed rail kits do provide a cost-effective solution since they are generally less expensive. For large data centers or businesses that require a large amount of rack rails, fixed rails provide a significant amount of savings and secure mounting solution compared to sliding rail kits.
If you want to avoid the ongoing expense of repurchasing rails kits, then universal rails are the solution. Our universal rails are designed as an alternative for the standard issued OEM rails by HP, IBM, Dell, and other leading OEM server manufacturers. These rack mount rails are a fixed rail type, providing a flexible solution for incompatible rack rails within 19" server racks.
Furthermore, the universal rails are not limited to 19" racks. Depending on your needs, you can attach them to server racks that are wider or narrower. We offer 1U, 2U, or 3U universal rails that can support a variety of server racks, including those with square, round, and threaded holes.
What is Rack Mounting Depth?
When installing rack rails, you need to understand the mounting depth of your rack. Rack mount depth is commonly confused with the overall rack depth including the door. However, the mounting depth is actually the dimension from the front mounting post to the back mounting post. It refers to the area in which your rack allows you to install rails or shelves.
Most server racks have adjustable mounting posts, so you can only determine the accurate depth by measuring it. This ensures that your server rails will fit inside the rack.
The OEM standard depths include: Dell (28 7/8″), HP (29 1/8″), and IBM (28 1/2″). As a result, the common depth is now approximately 29″ since this is close to all OEM standards. Any depth greater than 29" provides extra support for cable management and additional accessories.
How To Select The Right Server Rails
Selecting the right server rack rails for your business is essential for ensuring proper installation and accessibility. Key factors to consider when making your decision include: server size and configuration, accessibility, weight capacity, available rack space, cable management, and installation ease.
Server Size and Configuration
First, you need to determine the size and configuration of your server to ensure that the rails you select will properly accommodate them. This means knowing the mountable width, depth and height of your server. Once you know those measurements, you need to make sure that your server is compatible with the mounting height, width, and depth size of your server rack. To read more about server rack sizes, check out our Server Rack Buying Guide.
Second, it is important to consider how often you will access your servers for maintenance or upgrades. If you plan to frequently access your servers, then sliding rails are a convenient choice since it allows for easy removal.
Third, you need to check the weight capacity of the server rails. This will ensure that they can support the weight of your servers. If you have larger servers or equipment, then rails that will support heavier servers are beneficial.
Fourth, you need to evaluate the available rack space in your server room. If the rack space is limited, then you should select sliding rails that allow for compact server positioning.
Fifth, a cable management arm can improve your experience when using sliding rails. While cable management is commonly discussed in the IT industry, cable management arms are easily forgotten, even though they are essential for quick deployment. For a clutter free workspace, a cable management arm will organize data and power cables to optimize the available area. To read more about the benefits of using a cable management arm, check out our blog here.
Lastly, installing and setting up server rails is a crucial step in ensuring proper server management. While some server rails require additional tools for installation, other rails are tool-less. You need to consider your server rail preference and the level of convenience you require for the installation process.
How To Rack a Server
When installing a server, there are 4 key steps to lowering risk of damaging components and ensuring stability.
1. Mount the server in the rack – Once your depth is adjusted, you will be able to mount your rails. Depending on the rack hole type and mounting mechanism of the equipment, instructions will vary. For your reference, here are instructions on mounting threaded, universal rails, and square hole with cage nut variants.
2. Install the inner rail into the server via shoulder screws (for server specific rails) – Rack rails that are specifically designed to work with servers such as Dell or HP will have shoulder screws. These shoulder screws stick out of the sides of servers and look similar to small knobs. They attach to the j slot of the server rail to lock it in place and make it so that metal is not on the top or bottom of the server.
3. Slide the server into the rack – If you are using a server specific rail, you need to match the inner rails on your server up with the outer rails mounted on the rack and slide it in. For universal rails, you would not have installed anything to your server chassis and will be able to slide it onto the rail.
4. Install the thumb screw if using a compatible server – Universal rails come with support for thumb screws. This locks the server into the middle hole of a rack unit. Not all server chassis support thumb screws, but it's a good idea to install the thumb screws if your server supports it.
Server Rail Kit Compatibility
RackSolutions offers a large selection of server rack rails as an alternative or replacement to OEM rail kits. We have multiple sliding or fixed rack rail kits available for Dell, HP, and IBM/Lenovo. Many of our sliding rail kits also include an integrated cable management arm. Before selecting a server rail, you need to identify your server model.
Identifying Dell Server Model
Dell PowerEdge servers with common design components are grouped into generations. The server naming of models can provide insight to the generation, class of system, form factor or CPU socket count. To learn more about the Dell PowerEdge Server Naming Convention, check out our Dell Product Guide. You can also refer to Dell Support for more information on identifying your server's model number.
Identifying HP Server Model
If you have an HP server model, the product number is located on the server itself or on the warranty card. HPE PartSurfer is another way to find fast and easy access to service parts information as well. By using PartSurfer, you will be able to:
- Search for part information by product number, serial number, model name, or part number
- Identify all HPE products that use/reference a specific part number
- Filter your search results by part keyword or category
- Display product exploded view diagrams and part photographs
- Generate on-screen and printable reports
If you don't know the product number, then you can enter the product's service tag. To learn more about identifying your HP Server Model, check out our HP Product Guide.
IBM / Lenovo Server Model
For those with IBM and Lenovo servers, you can identify the IBM server serial number by referring to the machine identification and serial number labels on the back or bottom of the machine. You can also refer to IBM Support for more information on identifying your server's model number.
RackSolutions Specs and Rack Compatibility
To learn more about the specific server specifications for your server, our rail guides provide information on compatible mounting equipment. Each rail guide includes direct links to mounting products that are compatible with your servers and information about dimensional limitations. Mounting products include slide rails, universal rails, standard

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Green Monster at Fenway Part 2 Solving the problem to determine the minimum velocity to hit a ball with to clear the Green Monster
Green Monster at Fenway Part 2
⇐ Use this menu to view and help create subtitles for this video in many different languages. You'll probably want to hide YouTube's captions if using these subtitles.
- When we left off, we were trying to figure out: what did the magnitude of our initial velocity
- need to be for the ball to clear the Green Monster at Fenway park, assuming that the batter hits it at a 45 degree angle,
- and he hits it one meter above home plate, and the Green Monster is 96 meters away and it's 11.3 meters high.
- So, the x-component of the displacement when it's at 96 meters, the y-component of the displacement has
- to be 10.3 meters. Not the 11.3. Because it's already
- starting at one meter high, it just has to get 10.3 more, it just needs to be 10.3 meters higher.
- And we set up the problem, we set up our formula we derived in multiple videos
- on displacement as a function of time and inital velocity
- and our acceleration, and now we're ready to go because we have all of the ingredients.
- So let's apply it. And what's really neat is, we'll essentially be able to do
- both the horizontal and the vertical components at the same time now that we've expressed all of
- our vectors in engineering notation, as a combination of scaled multiples of i and j vectors.
- So, our displacement as a function of time, our displacement as a function of time,
- I'll just write it all in green, is going to be equal to v sub i times t.
- Well, v sub i is all of this business right over here. v sub i is all of this business.
- And if you multiply a vector times a scalar, and t is a scalar, it's just a number,
- you just multiply each, you just scale each of its components by that much.
- So this is going to be equal to square root of 2, lemme, lemme make it...
- So, this part, maybe I should, so this part right over here, this part right over here,
- is going to be square root of 2 over 2 times the magnitude of our initial velocity, times time times
- i, so I'm just multiplying this times time. So both of these terms have to be multiplied times time.
- Both of these component vectors.
- Plus square root of 2 over 2, time v sub i, times time, because we're multiplying it
- by this time right over here, times j.
- So that is v sub i times t over there. Maybe I'll make the t in yellow just so you see
- that this t, I've just distributed this t onto both terms on the, on our initial velocity vector.
- So, this thing expands onto all of this business over here. I'll underline it in the same way.
- It expands into all that stuff over there, and then over here we're scaling the acceleration
- vector, we're essentially multiplying it by t squared over 2. So we multiply every term here
- by t squared over 2. Well, there really isn't an i term, we can just ignore it, so all we have is this
- j term. And we multiply it by t squared over 2. So all of this over here is this vector
- times t squared over 2. So if I multiply this by t squared over 2, I get the divided by 2 part,
- 9.8 divided by 2 is -4.9 and then t squared j.
- So this part right over here gives us this right here. I just multiplied
- t squared over 2 times -9.8 to get the magnitude right over here, and it's going,
- it's in the vertical direction, although this negative tells us that we're going down in the vertical
- direction. Now remember, remember, we need to get, we need to figure out, we need to figure out what
- this velocity needs to be. So we have to have some constraints here because we have
- 2 unknowns here. We have a t and we have a v, but luckily we can set up 2 equations.
- Because we said that our necessary displacement, when we just tip the top of the wall,
- has to be, so I call that the necessary displacement.
- So the displacement necessary has to be 96 in the horizontal direction,
- 96 meters in the horizontal direction, 96 meters in the horizontal direction,
- and 10.3 meters in the vertical direction. So, plus 10.3 meters in the vertical direction.
- So how can we set up 2 equations here? So what's the, what's the horizontal component
- of all of this business up here? Well, the horizontal component of all of this is
- what's multipied by the i vector. I can even write, make it orange right over there.
- So that needs to be equal to this right over here, and what's the vertical component?
- Well, the vertical component is all the stuff that's multiplied by the j vector.
- And actually, we can group them, we could factor out a j vector, I guess is one way to think about it.
- And all of that needs to be equal to this! Needs to be this over here. And so that essentially gives
- us 2 equations and 2 unknowns, and allows us to solve for the necessary v to clear the Green Monster.
- So let's try that out. So this first equation, we get, right over here, square root of 2 over 2,
- times our initial velocity times time, needs to be equal to 96, right? The magnitude
- here has to be equal to the same magnitude here. And then if we talk about all of the j components,
- we could factor out all of the j components, we could factor out a j here, so all of this stuff
- is multiplied by j, all of this stuff is multiplied by j, I essentially just factored it out,
- so this is the magnitude in the vertical direction, and that needs to be equal to 10.3.
- So our second, our second equation with two unknowns is square root of 2 over 2, times the magnitude
- of our initial velocity, times time, minus 4.9 t squared, needs to be equal to 10.3.
- And our goal here is to solve for v sub i. To solve for the magnitude of our initial velocity.
- Well what we could do here is solve for t here, in terms of v sub i,
- the substitute back in here, then solve for that v, that, that necessary initial velocity, or the
- magnitude of it. So, to solve for t here, pretty straight forward, you just divide both sides
- by square root of 2 over 2 v sub i, square root of 3 v sub i, these guys over here cancel out,
- and you get t is equal to 96 over all of this business, which is the same thing as saying
- t is equal to, t is equal to, dividing by square root of 2 over 2 is the same thing as multiplying by
- 2 over the square root of 2, which is really just the square root of 2. So let me just do that.
- This right over here, I'll write it over here, so 96 over the square root of 2 over 2, is equal to
- 96 times 2 over the square root of 2. And 2 divided by the square root of two is just
- the square root of 2. So this simplifies to 96 square roots of 2. 96 square roots of 2 over our initial
- velocity. And now we can take this, and we can substitute it back into this other constraint,
- where every time we see a t, and then we'll have one equation with one unknown.
- We will get, we will get square root of two...I'll do that in blue.
- We will get square root of 2 over 2 times the magnitude of our initial velocity time time.
- We just figured out that time is all of this business over here, so it's times
- 96 times the square root of 2 over v sub i, minus 4.9, times t squared. Minus 4.9 times t squared.
- Well what's t squared? T squared is the same thing as this thing squared, so it's minus 4.9
- times 96 squared, times square root of 2 squared, so that's just 2, all of that over v sub i squared.
- Did I do that right? Yeah, if I square this I get 96 squared, times square root of 2 squared,
- which is just 2, over v sub i squared, and then that, it needs to be equal to, that needs to be equal
- to 10.3. And now we just need to solve for v sub i. It might look daunting, but it's not going to be
- as bad, if we just keep, if we keep our heads down and we focus on the


Recovering Slowly
Improving financial position of discoms augurs well for renewables
Given the significant role of discoms in the power sector, their finances have an impact on power producers as well, particularly in the renewable energy sector where project margins and returns on investment are largely dependent on the offtaker. Discom finances are influenced by a host of factors and have a considerable impact on power generation, scheduling and forecasting as well as on the disbursement of subsidies for renewable power generators.
Factors affecting discoms
The electricity generated in India comes largely from thermal power plants. Therefore, coal prices and policies have a significant impact on discom finances. Most of the coal-based power projects implemented after 2008 have experienced considerable capital cost escalation owing to delays in execution. Delays in land acquisition and clearances from the government, the depreciation of the rupee against the dollar for projects using imported boiler, turbine and generator equipment, and challenges in securing funding are some of the key issues leading to cost overruns. In May 2016, Coal India Limited (CIL) revised the pithead run-of-the-mine prices of all grades of non-coking coal, which led to a 14-18 per cent increase in coal prices, thus increasing the cost of generation by 9-10 paise per kWh.
Further, the Ministry of Railways rationalised the freight rates for coal transportation, revising them upwards for distances between 200 km and 700 km, and downwards for distances greater than 700 km. In addition, the Railway Board levied a coal terminal surcharge of Rs 55 per metric tonne at both the loading and unloading points for distances beyond 100 km.
These factors have led to an increase in the levellised tariff of thermal power from Rs 2.50 per kWh in 2006 to Rs 4.20 per kWh in 2016. Thus, discoms are now reluctant to invite bids and sign long-term power purchase agreements (PPAs) at the higher tariffs offered by developers. As a result, 26 GW of recently commissioned and under-construction capacity in the private independent power producer (IPP) segment does not have long-term PPAs.
Another significant issue plaguing discom finances is the high level of aggregate technical and commercial (AT&C) losses. The AT&C loss levels of discoms vary widely across states, with significantly higher losses (more than 25 per cent) in states such as Bihar, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. Given that many discoms in these states are following the Ujwal Discom Assurance Yojana (UDAY) guidelines, these losses are expected to reduce in the near future.
Together, these issues are affecting retail tariffs, which have been increasing steadily over the past three to four years. However, the rate of average tariff hike has declined from 14 per cent in 2012-13 to 7 per cent in 2013-14. Tariffs increased by 9 per cent in 2014-15 before falling again to 4 per cent in 2015-16 and 2016-17. During 2017-18, based on the tariff orders issued so far in 18 states, the average tariff hike continues to remain modest at about 4 per cent. Moreover, despite the rise in tariffs, the gap between the average cost of supply and the average tariff realised per unit for discoms persists across most of the states, resulting in the discoms running at a net operational loss. This can be seen from the fact that the discoms had a total accumulated book loss of Rs 4.1 trillion as of March 2015.
Discoms and solar power
The tariffs for power generated from solar photovoltaic plants have been declining consistently. In the Bhadla tender in 2017, the tariff fell from Rs 12 per kWh in 2011 to Rs 2.44 per kWh. This makes solar power cheaper than wind power (average tariff of Rs 4.80 per kWh) and thermal power (average tariff of Rs 3.40 per kWh). The trend is expected to continue in the upcoming tenders as well. However, given the low market share of solar compared to thermal power, the reduction in solar power tariffs may be offset by rising thermal power tariffs, thus straining the finances of discoms.
Impact of UDAY
UDAY scheme was launched by the government to improve the financial health of the discoms. Its key objectives are to enhance the operating and financial performance of the utilities by enabling tariff competence and reducing AT&C losses. The governments of 27 states and union territories (UTs), accounting for about 97 per cent of the overall debt of the distribution utilities as of September 2015, have signed MoUs with the Ministry of Power for the implementation of the scheme for achieving an operational and financial turnaround of their distribution utilities. The scheme is expected to result in a cumulative benefit of Rs 1,520.77 billion for all discoms.
Under the scheme, bonds worth Rs 2.32 trillion have been issued by the states and discoms towards refinancing the discoms' debt, improving the liquidity profile of the discoms. This represents 86 per cent of the total bonds to be issued as per the MoUs signed. The bonds issued so far constitute state bonds of Rs 2.09 trillion towards discom debt takeover and discom bonds of Rs 240 billion towards the leftover debt. As against the overall debt to be taken over by the state governments in 15 states as part of UDAY, only about Rs 990 billion has been taken over as equity or grant, while the remaining has been extended as state government loans to the discoms and will be subsequently converted to equity or grants over the next three to four years.
However, UDAY is facing some challenges in reducing discom debt. One of the biggest challenges is the high AT&C loss levels (of 28-61 per cent) for discoms in Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. The ability of the discoms in these states to reduce their losses to the stipulated levels in a timely manner is critical to their financial well-being.
Nevertheless, discoms have, in recent years, enjoyed a favourable coal supply situation. These supply-side tailwinds can be attributed to increased government focus on providing faster clearances, and better cooperation amongst states in acquiring land for ongoing mining projects. In addition, the new coal allocation policy to improve the supply of domestic coal to IPPs has also worked in favour of the discoms.
Under the new policy, IPPs with existing PPAs will be awarded coal linkages through an auction process at a discount on the quoted tariff. In this context, aggressive bidding to secure coal linkages may lead to a risk of under-recovery in variable costs. For IPPs without PPAs, linkages will be made available through the auction route with the bid parameter at a premium over the CIL-notified price. The policy has also included a provision to allocate domestic coal to projects based on imported coal through the auction route.
These factors are expected to standardise coal allocation and ensure a reliable supply of coal for IPPs. This, in turn, is expected to have a positive impact on discom finances by allowing power producers to optimise their production costs and passing on the benefits to the discoms.
Future prospects
The concrete steps taken by the central and state governments towards improving discom finances are expected to have a positive impact. Although the discoms are currently facing significant financial challenges, they have also been showing improvements in their financial and operational performance. Moreover, with a reduced interest burden owing to the state governments taking over a significant portion of the discom debt, the discoms have increased investments in the distribution network, which will help them reduce their AT&C losses. n
Based on a presentation by Sabyasachi Majumdar, Senior Vice-President and Head, Power Sector Ratings, ICRA Limited
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"Love Hormone" Oxytocin May Help Children with Autism
The hormone has the ability to boost activity in the brain area linked to social behavior and could thus lead to more effective treatment
Oxytocin is a hormone produced in the brain, and is thought to be involved in various aspects of social interaction, such as emotional bonding, trust and love.
Previous studies had found lower blood levels of the hormone in children with autism than in typically developing children, and it had been suggested that oxytocin treatments could help children with autism overcome their difficulties with social interactions.
However, studies that examined the behavioral effects of administrating oxytocin yielded negative or weak results. In those studies, researchers gave the hormone to adults and children with autism for days and weeks, and found only modest improvements, or no change at all, in participants' social behavior.
Similarly, in the new study, when children received oxytocin, they didn't perform any better in identifying mental states based on their assessment of a person's eyes. But the greater activity in the brain's social regions after they received the hormone suggests that it may improve the effectiveness of behavioral treatments.
"There's a window where the brain increases its efficiency in processing, and we can utilize that window to teach kids on the autism spectrum in behavioral treatment," Gordon told LiveScience.
It remains unclear how the hormone affects the brain and leads to better social processing. One possibility is that oxytocin makes social stimuli more rewarding to children with autism, the researchers said. It is also possible that the hormone makes the information pertaining to humans stand out from the background information consisting of objects and, in turn, helps social information to become salient to people with autism, the researchers said.
Email Bahar Gholipour or follow her _USER_. Original article on LiveScience.
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This is for a Windows environment.
Either in a workgroup or domain environment, why don't all computers show up in Netview or Network (via Explorer)? Assuming all computers are online and pingable, what determines whether a computer shows up in Net View result? In some networks I see all devices and some only a few. Thanks.
 - this is very broad as written. SMB hosts announce their presence and offerings, so for one reason or other, the box you are using has not received announcements from the missing devices. This might be because of interstitial routers, SMB and NTLM and NetBIOS version differences, firewalling, switch congestion, broadcast traffic handling policies, power-save policies, etc. – Frank Thomas Nov 6 '17 at 5:47
1
Not every computers can be seen. Only those that enable Network Discovery will appear in Explorer
network discovery
╔═══════════╤═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║ Discovery │ Description ║
║ State │ ║
╠═══════════╪═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
║ On │ This state allows your computer to see other network computers ║
║ │ and devices and allows people on other network computers ║
║ │ to see your computer. This makes it easier to share files and printers. ║
╟───────────┼───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ Off │ This state prevents your computer from seeing other network computers ║
║ │ and devices and prevents people on other network computers ║
║ │ from seeing your computer. ║
╟───────────┼───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ Custom │ This is a mixed state in which some settings related to network discovery ║
║ │ are enabled, but not all of them. For example, network discovery could be ║
║ │ turned on, but you or your system administrator might have changed ║
║ │ firewall settings that affect network discovery. ║
╚═══════════╧═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
How to Turn On or Off Network Discovery in Windows 10
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text:
Author(s): H. Tabari; P. Hosseinzadehtalaei; P. Willems; S. Saeed; E. Brisson; N. Van Lipzig
Keywords: No keywords
Abstract: The design statistics for water infrastructures are typically derived from rainfall intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves which compound frequency and intensity aspects of rainfall events for different durations. Current IDF curves are constructed based on historical time series, with an underlying temporal stationarity assumption for the probability distribution of extreme values. However, climate change casts doubt on the validity of this assumption due to ongoing and projected changes in the intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall. In this study, IDF curves for historical periods obtained from the convection permitting CCLM model with spatial and temporal resolutions of 2.8 km and 15 minutes and an ensemble of climate models (CMIP5) are validated based on observations-based curves. After this validation, future climate IDF relationships are obtained based on a quantile perturbation approach. It is concluded that the sub-hourly precipitation intensities at 15 and30 minutes in the IDF curves derived from the CCLM 2.8 km model underestimate the observed extreme rainfall intensities. For the daily intensities, less deviation is observed for both the CCLM and the CMIP5 GCM runs. Future climate projections show potentially strong changes in extreme rainfall intensities, making the historical climate based IDF design standards unsuitable for the future extreme events.


Reaction between copper and silver nitrate by sdfwerte
VIEWS: 135 PAGES: 3
 Reaction between copper and
 silver nitrate
copper + silver nitrate → copper(II) nitrate + silver
 Cu + 2AgNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag
Identify the particles represented on the
handout. Annotate the diagrams to explain
what is happening.
 Before
 For simplicity the water particles (molecules) are not shown
 Silver particles moving in the
 silver nitrate solution
Nitrate particles moving in the
 silver nitrate solution
 Copper particles (atoms)
 in solid copper
 After
 For simplicity the water particles (molecules) are not shown
 Some copper particles have
 dissolved and are moving in the
solution (now copper nitrate solution)
 Nitrate particles have not changed
 and remain in the solution
 Silver particles (atoms) have been
 displaced from solution and now
 form a crystal of solid silver

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text:
Contact InformationTel: _PHONE_
About Print Management
In an effort to help the conservation of printing resources, the Community College of Rhode Island has established a print quota system.
The benefits are:
- Raising awareness of the environmental effect of wasted paper and toner
- Encouraging CCRI students to use electronic methods for sharing and viewing documents
- Focusing on our campus printing through more efficient printing devices
- Follow-you printing: print jobs released through page counters on enabled printers will provide:
- Security: print jobs are released by the user who submitted the job, at the time and place of their choice
- Flexibility: able to collect the print from any enabled location, avoid bottlenecks, use the most appropriate printer
- Environmental benefits: prints not released (collected) can be deleted from the print server automatically. These are called "avoided prints", and can be used as carbon offsets. Reduces paper and toner wastage
- User awareness: notification of print costs and other options can be displayed on user workstations. Increases consciousness of the costs associated with printing and can help'steer' users towards better practice
- Quota management: able to apply monitoring and quoting on a per user basis. Access to reporting tools for business areas
- Financial: reductions in paper, toner and power usage and therefore costs through the application of follow-you printing, quota management and user education
How this system works:
- The print quotas will go into effect on January 24, 2011.
- Each student will have a print quota of 1000 pages for each semester.
- Each student's print quota is reset each term so there will be no carryover from one term to the next.
- Each time a student prints to a printer, a Cost Preview dialog box will appear that states the amount of pages their quota will be charged and their current quota balance.Their options will be to Accept or Delete the print job.
- If a student exhausts the page quota, more pages can be purchased with cash at the Pay stations for $.05 per page
This page developed and maintained by Information Technology. Send comments and suggestions to.


text:
Reptiles and Amphibians
The common five-lined skink is Missouri's most common skink. Adults are olive or tan with lengthwise stripes. It is often called the blue-tailed skink for the coloration of juveniles.
About Reptiles and Amphibians in Missouri
Missouri's herptiles comprise 43 amphibians and 75 reptiles. Amphibians, including salamanders, toads, and frogs, are vertebrate animals that spend at least part of their life cycle in water. They usually have moist skin, lack scales or claws, and are ectothermal (cold-blooded), so they do not produce their own body heat the way birds and mammals do. Reptiles, including turtles, lizards, and snakes, are also vertebrates, and most are ectothermal, but unlike amphibians, reptiles have dry skin with scales, the ones with legs have claws, and they do not have to live part of their lives in water.


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Depression Treatment Goals
Depression treatment goals of the doctor and patient. Why, for some patients, a complete remission from depression is a difficult treatment goal to meet.
Remission from depression is the goal of depression treatment, and perhaps more importantly, people who find a depression treatment that completely relieves their depression symptoms are less likely to have a depression relapse in the future.
A Doctor's View of Remission From Depression
Depression is a self-reported illness, meaning most depression symptoms are judged by the effected person. Based on the patient's responses to a series of questions, the doctor is able to assign the illness a score. They may or may not share this information with the patient. The patient is considered to be in remission from the illness when the score drops below a certain level.
A Patient's View of Remission From Depression
In practice though, remission is different for each person. It is generally considered to be a return to your "usual, normal self" - as you were before the illness. Patients note a variety of factors in this assessment, but of most importance is often:
 - Optimism
 - Self-confidence
 - Return to a normal level of functioning
 - A general sense of well-being
 - Absence of symptoms of depression
APA Reference
Tracy, N. (2022, January 4). Depression Treatment Goals, HealthyPlace. Retrieved on 2022, May 23 from _URL_
Last Updated: January 11, 2022
Medically reviewed by Harry Croft, MD
More Info


text:
Solar survey of the library site
Thorsten Chlupp of Reina Alaska has conducted a survey of the solar gain to be had at the librarybuilding site. The survey was submitted to the JTEL Board of Directors September 1, 2011. For the complete report, download the PDF below.
Summary and notes from the report:
This solar study was conducted with a Solmetric SunEye 210 at three independent site visits during different times in the afternoon and at different location on the lot to determine the annual solar gain. This is essential information we need for the passive and active design of the building and the solar system. The SunEye 210 is an integrated Shade Analysis Tool for solar site assessment. It includes a fisheye camera and a dedicated on-board processor and GPS system to perform digital image processing and analysis to compute shading and solar access percentages. It includes an electronic compass and inclinometer enabled to measure roof pitch and azimuth.
A proper site survey reveals the actual path of the sun across the sky during the entire year. Especially in our far north latitude and the resulting drastic change throughout the year of the suns angle on the horizon makes it important to take the various angles into close consideration in the design and placement of windows and solar panels.
The results on the actual building should be better due to the fact that the collectors will be mounted several feet higher than where the current measurements were taken. This will help to clear shading from the lower tiered trees which will shade the building some. However the window gains from the south will be lower and provide less solar input into the building in the darkest months – December and January are simply grim in Fairbanks.
My overall conclusion is that the site is definitely feasible for the proposed building and its renewable energy systems. It is not ideal, but has no major obstacles in the sun path.
Key to terms and abbreviations used in the study:
- Solar Access: The annual and seasonal solar access is shown in the Results panel. The seasonal month ranges, May-Oct and Nov-Apr, represent the common peak and off-peak rate seasons. Your local utility may use a different set of months.
- Solar Resource: Tilt Orientation Factor (TOF) and Total Solar Resource Fraction (TSRF) are used to compare the actual site characteristics to the optimal characteristics at that site. TOF and TSRF can only be displayed when the NREL – TMY3 weather model is selected (US only).
- Windowed Access: Calculates solar access only within a window of time in months and time of day. The user specifies the months and time window and solar access is calculated only for that window. Note that the insolation both with and without shading is windowed, so if there is no shading within the defined window, then the Windowed Access would be 100%, even if there is shading outside the window.


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Enjoy this step-by-step guide on how to make a flax egg which you can use in your vegan baking for cakes, tarts, muffins and more!
- 1 tablespoon flaxseed powder/meal
- 2½ tablespoons water (or plant-based milk)
- In a small bowl, add the flaxseed meal.
- Pour in the water or the liquid you're using.
- Stir for about 10-15 seconds or until the flaxseed meal completely incorporates with the liquid.
- Let it sit for 10 minutes, it will turn into a gel-like consistency.
- It's now ready for use in your recipe!
- Diet: Vegan


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Presentation on theme: "Welcome to Access Online for State of Iowa Cardholders."— Presentation transcript:
Welcome to Access Online for State of Iowa Cardholders
Basic Information 2 What is Access Online? US Banks secure, online account management system Why is it used? To monitor and allocate transactions, print statements and allow Agency management to generate reports and increase processing efficiency How is it accessed? _URL_ (direct link to Welcome to Access Online Page)Welcome to Access Online
Using Access Online Register Online Monitor Transactions Allocate Transactions View Statements Update Personal Information Receive Statement Notifications 3
Online Registration 4 A Pcard or Travel Card must be received and activated before an online account and user profile can be created. At the login screen, enter Iowa in the Organization Short Name Select Register Online for instructions. To receive monthly statement notices, enter your State of Iowa email address
Online Registration 6 Enter the information required by the red asterisks Select Register This Account
Online Registration 7 Accept the Licensing Agreement terms Declining will end the registration process
8 Select a User ID, 7-12 alpha/numeric characters Password must be 8-20 alpha/numeric characters Confirm new password Select a question and put in a response. Complete the contact information fields (they must match the information provided when creating the account; when in doubt, ask!) Click the continue button to finish the process. Tips! Every 60 days Access Online will prompt you to change your password. You cannot reuse a password for 12 months. Online Registration
9 Monitor Transactions Authorized Charges and Declined Transactions Monitoring Authorized Charges helps detect and prevent inappropriate charges before they post to your account. From the Home screen, select Account Information.
10 Monitor Transactions Authorized Charges and Declined Transactions From Account Information, select Cardholder Account Profile to view Account Authorizations and Declined Transactions.
11 Transaction Management Link to Transaction List Select Transaction Management Then Transaction List Monitor Transactions Card Account Summary with Transaction List Once charges have posted, you can view the account summary and transaction list and allocate expenses. Account activity must be monitored weekly and transactions allocated regularly in Access Online to reduce risk and facilitate process efficiency.
12 Monitor Transactions Card Account Summary with Transaction List
13 Account activity must be monitored weekly and transactions allocated regularly in Access Online to reduce risk and increase efficiency. From the left-hand navigation, select Transaction Management. Allocate Transactions
14 Select Transaction List to enter your Account information and view transactions. Allocate Transactions
15 Select Open to see the current billing cycle transactions or select previous billing cycles in the drop down menu. Allocate Transactions To allocate or reallocate accounting codes, select the Transaction Date from the Transaction List.
16 Select the Allocations tab to view default allocations, change codes or distribute transactions and Save Allocations. Allocate Transactions
17 The banking cycle typically closes on the 20 th of the month (unless a weekend or holiday). Statements will be available the morning following the cycle close (usually the 21 st ). Receipts and statements must be reconciled by Cardholders and submitted to the Agency Pcard Coordinator within (5) business days after the billing cycle closing date. Agency Pcard Coordinators have up to (10) business days after the billing cycle closing date to verify documentation, confirm or reallocate Cardholder transactions and submit to Accounts Payable. View Statements
18 Account Information View Statements Select the Account Information link on the left hand navigation
19 Cardholder Statements Select the Cardholder Account Statement to view Statement View Statements
20 View Statement Select the billing cycle date from the drop- down list Select the View Statement link View Statements
Select the Disk Icon in the toolbar in Adobe Acrobat to save a copy of your statement and attach to your email. 22
Update Personal Information 23 To update your information Select the link for My personal Information in the left hand navigation Contact Information: The email notification function sends you an email when your statement is available in Access Online Contact Information
Update Personal Information 24 Email Notification Link Select the Email Notification Link
Receive Statement Notifications 25 Verify or type your email address Select Enable from the Status dropdown menu and select Save Enable
The next time you log in… 26 Type your Organization short name (Iowa), User ID and Password. Select Login or just press Enter. You will be prompted to change your password the first time you log in after registration.
Troubleshooting Contacts 27 If you are having difficulties with Access Online, contact: Your Agency Pcard Coordinator OR Access Online Help Desk at _PHONE_ For Pcard resources, bookmark the Pcard web pagePcard web page


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Step 5 She then added some geometric shapes into the composition to contrast with the sketched elements. Stephen could use these additional shapes as starting points for his own illustrations. At this stage, Andriana looked at the image as it stood and, after a few tweaks to the composition, she passed it over to Stephen to start experimenting.
Her fellow artist wasted no time putting his own mark on the work.Stephen roughly established a way of working having collaborated on a few illustrations before (one of them would find a nice photo and add some graphical elements before passing it to the next person). Stephen opened up the file and saw the imagery, the strange pose of the model and the sketches – and loved it.
Step 6 "Everything in the piece was great, but I just wasn't too happy with the composition, the positioning of the main focal point," says Stephen.
He moved things round until they seemed right, and making adjustments to the composition after a few quick emails with Andriana. Stephen ended up duplicating the model for more impact.
Step 7 Stephen started with his usual technique for approaching a piece of work – stared at it for about half a day until something suddenly sparked in his brain. He decided to amputate the leg, firstly masking off the section in Photoshop, and then saving a low-resolution version to take in to Adobe Illustrator. "Cutting off limbs is all the rage," he quips.


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This is the second in a two-part series
One-room schoolhouses of the 19th and early 20th centuries were often named after prominent families living in the neighborhood. Typical of the practice, the Bodge School was one of the earliest stand-alone schoolhouses in Windham. It was located along the southwest stretch of present-day Highland Cliff Road near Alwebber Road.
|Uncovering schoolhouse history|
Town records indicate Bodge School was probably closed in 1927 but fail to reveal when it was built. In her 1999 book "Memories of Windham", historian Kay Soldier wrote that by 1798 there were eight school districts serving the settled neighborhoods of Windham, and "By 1814 there were 14 districts (serving) a growing community and its continued concern about education." From this, we can perhaps conclude that Bodge School (a.k.a. District #9 school) began in the very early 1800s.
One researcher, however, has recently placed the build as early as 1792.
In one way, according to Windham resident Gary Plummer and his sister Becky (Plummer) Delaware, Bodge School still exists (The Windham Eagle, November 1, 2019 – "The recycling of a Windham one-room schoolhouse"). As explained in part one of this series, Gary and Becky's father, Bill Plummer, paid $100 for the abandoned schoolhouse in 1934. He disassembled it and used the materials to build a home for his family (wife Helen and children Duane, Gary and Becky) on route 202 near Newhall Road.
Furniture from the Bodge School was recently donated to the Windham Historical Society by another Windham family, and this sparked in Gary and Becky a renewed interest in the old Bodge schoolhouse. Both began researching.
From old maps, Plummer pinpointed the old school's location: the intersection of Highland Cliff Road and the (old) Dole Road.
Explained Plummer, "The Dole Road (now discontinued) connected River Road and Highland Cliff Road (and ran) parallel to Alwebber Road. The school served the Bodge neighborhood which encompassed the area on Highland Cliff between Montgomery Road and Canada Hill."
Plummer also learned that the many Bodge families in the early years were farmers, cabinet makers,
and a minister. "Thomas Bodge, Jr. was a teacher and regarded
as 'a fine mathematician.'"
|Items found at the schoolhouse site that include square cut nails|
Indian head penny, hammer head and more.
The first Bodge, John, came here in 1742 and married Rebecca Chute, daughter of Windham's (New Marblehead) first settler, Thomas Chute. They had seven children. Many of the Bodge family members are buried in the Chase Cemetery on Highland Cliff Road.
From old town reports and other sources, Becky Delaware came up with information that gives us a more intimate look into the history of Bodge School:
From the town report (TR), 1887 – a school official reported, "school houses should become the property of the town…so schools are more equal. Truancy laws should be put in effect. $3.80 spent per pupil for 701 pupils in Windham."
From TR, 1903 – "Bodge teacher Mildred Brown was paid $5.00 per week for spring term and $6.00 per week for winter and fall terms (length of service varied among terms). Three and a quarter cords of hard wood supplied at $4.96 a cord. Outhouses…are a disgrace."
From TR, 1917, "Bodge School in good repair."
From TR, 1924, "Bodge had interior paint, paper and whiting."
From TR, 1925, "Miss Brown left Bodge School. Effie Goodick taught for a salary of $720.00.
Enrollment (1923-24) = 17 – Average attendance = 8.7."
From TR, 1926, the superintendent recorded "Bodge (and several other schools) need to be improved…to meet state standards…They are very old, low, small buildings, poorly lighted and poorly located with no playgrounds (and) too few pupils in each grade to provide competition that would create best work."
By the 1950s, Windham operated only six schools. They were J.A. Andrew (which served the needs of the former Bodge neighborhood), Newhall School, Friends School, Field-Allen School, Arlington School and a high school.
A few of the old one-room schoolhouses are still around, reconstructed and renovated into homes. Or in the case of the Plummer family, a home recycled from an old schoolhouse.
Also, on the grounds of the Windham Historical Society's Village Green at Windham Center sits a replica of a Windham one-room schoolhouse where present-day elementary school classes are invited to dress like "the olden days" and experience a school day much like that of the 19th century, including the use of quill pens, McGuffey Readers and good old-fashioned practice in ciphering (math skills).
All this, just so the memory doesn't fade… too much.


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UltraScan VIS Spectrophotometer
The UltraScan VIS colour measurement spectrophotometer detects opaque, transparent, and translucent solids and liquids across the entire CIE recommended spectral range of 360–780 nm. It may be used in the lab and in production to examine raw materials, evaluate finished products, and develop colour analysis procedures.
- Measures reflectance, transmittance and haze
- Wavelength range 360 nm – 780 nm
- 10 nm optical resolution and reporting interval
- Two reflectance measurement areas
- Exceptional inter-instrument agreement
- Automated UV calibration and control
- Large transmission compartment open on three sides
- Includes EasyMatch QC software
Guaranteed Measurement Accuracy
The UltraScan VIS accurately detects reflected and transmitted colour, as well as transmission haze, and follows CIE, ASTM, and USP colour measuring criteria. UltraScan VIS employs a diffuse/8° geometry with automatic inclusion/exclusion of specular components. The employment of a robust CIE-conforming sphere instrument (TTRAN Total Transmission mode) for transmission measurement successfully eliminates the effects of small scattering commonly encountered in clear samples.
You may be confident that discrepancies between measurements are attributable to product colour changes, not instrument variability, because to its remarkable inter-instrument agreement and long-term stability. Materials that are on the edge of acceptable tolerances will not be rejected.


Skip to definition.
Verb: vex veks
 1. Cause annoyance in; disturb, especially by minor irritations
 "Mosquitoes buzzing in my ear really vexes me";
 - annoy, rag, get to, bother, get at, irritate, rile, nark [Brit], nettle, gravel [US], chafe, devil
 2. Disturb the peace of mind of; afflict with mental agitation or distress
 "I cannot sleep--my daughter's health is vexing me";
 - worry
 3. Change the arrangement or position of
 - agitate, disturb, commove, shake up, stir up, raise up
 4. Subject to prolonged examination, discussion, or deliberation
 "vex the subject of the death penalty"
 5. Be confusing or perplexing to; cause to be unable to think clearly
 "a vexing problem";
 - confuse, throw, fox, befuddle, fuddle, bedevil, confound, discombobulate, perplex, stick, get, puzzle, mystify, baffle, beat, pose, bewilder, flummox, stupefy, nonplus, gravel, dumbfound
Derived forms: vexes, vexed, vexing
Type of: be, cark, debate, deliberate, disorder, displace, displease, disquiet, distract, move, perturb, trouble, unhinge
Encyclopedia: Vex, Switzerland


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The Citrus Management Committee (CGC) has criticised the failure by the Spanish government for failing to ensure that the country plays a more active role in monitoring EU imports.
The European Commission recently named five centres as European Reference Laboratories (EURLs), responsible for carrying out analyses on imports of fruits and vegetables from third countries for the presence of pests and diseases.
The EURLs will be located in France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Slovenia and Italy.
The CGC, which represents the interests of some of Spain's biggest citrus exporters, issued a statement on Friday saying: "Despite the evident strategic importance of such centres, the Ministry of Agriculture did not put forward a single Spanish candidate…ensuring that this vital role has been left largely to centres in non-producing member states who are instead large fruit and vegetable importers".
The committee's president, Manuel Arrufat, said the "passivity" shown by the Spanish government in failing to apply for entities such as IVIA, the world-renowned Valencian Institute of Agricultural Research, demonstrated the "irrelevance of Spain in the field of plant health".
The CGC contends that making importing countries like the Netherlands responsible for monitoring imports for the presence of serious pathogens like HLB an citrus canker goes against the interests of Spain and other major EU producers.
"We can hardly defend ourselves against the entry of foreign pests if it is the EURLs of countries whose business is to import who are responsible for instructing EU inspectors and the rest of the laboratories on how to diagnose and interpret symptoms in fruit samples or determine what analytical methods should be used," Arrufat continued.
The CGC is also unhappy about being left out of IVIA's Agri-Food Advisory Council, a new consultation body consisting of key players in the agri-food chain including professional associations, unions, cooperatives, universities, research centres and food distributors, whose role is to shape Spain's future fresh produce strategy.
"CGC members channel around 70 per cent of Spanish citrus exports and are big producers in their own rights, so they could provide valuable information on pests and diseases, as well as on citrus varieties and their behaviour in the various links of the supply chain," Arrufat said.
He said this differed widely to the approach taken by other leading citrus producing countries like the US, South Africa and Israel, where private companies are involved in national research programmes and have played a key role in the development of new varieties and boosting the profitability of their respective industries.
The committee said its inclusion in the council would bring greater agility to the sector, helping to attract external financing and talent from outside the sector.


List Box
This is the most basic object on the screen. It contains a list of all the possible values of a specific field. In a list box you often make selections, and look at logical connections and implications.
A list box may also contain a cyclic or drill-down group. If a drill-down group is used, selecting a single value in the list box will cause the list box to drill down and switch to the next underlying field in the group. Drilling back up can be accomplished by clicking the drill-up icon in the list box caption.
If a cyclic group is assigned to a list box it can be made to show the next field in the group by clicking on the cycle icon that appears in the list box caption. It is also possible to go directly to any field in the group by using the Cycle-> option on the list box object menu.
List Box: Object Menu
The object menu can be opened as a context menu by right-clicking on a sheet object, or by clicking the icon in the object caption (if shown).
The commands in the menu may vary depending on whether WebView is used from inside QlikView or opening the document in a web browser. The menu contains the following commands:
Properties...
Opens the Properties dialog for the active sheet object.
Notes
Allows creating and sharing notes about the current object.
See: Notes and Comments
Search Opens the text search box.
Fuzzy Search Opens the text search in fuzzy search mode.
Select Possible
All non-excluded values in the sheet object are selected.
Select Excluded
All excluded values in the sheet object are selected.
Select All
All values in the sheet object are selected.
Clear
Clears all the current selections in the active sheet object. Clicking on the icon in the object caption (if shown) produces the same result.
Clear Other Fields
Clears the selections in all the other sheet objects, while maintaining the ones in the currently active sheet object.
Lock
Locks the selected value(s) in the active sheet object. (Unavailable if no selections have been made).
Unlock
Unlocks the locked value(s) in the active sheet object. (Appears instead of Lock if selections have been locked).
Copy
Copies the selected sheet object(s) to the clipboard. This function only copies sheet objects, not data or images.
Print...
Opens the selected sheet object(s) in tabular format in another browser window. Clicking on the icon in the object caption (if shown) produces the same result.
Send to Excel
Exports possible (including selected) values to Microsoft Excel, which is automatically launched if not already running. The exported values will appear as one column in a new Excel worksheet. For this functionality to work Microsoft Excel 97 or later must be installed on the computer. Clicking on the icon in the object caption (if shown) produces the same result.
Export...
Opens the Save as dialog where path, file name and (table) file type for the exported data content can be specified.
Delete
Removes the selected object from the sheet.
List Box Properties
The Properties dialog is opened by selecting Properties from the Object menu. If the Properties command is dimmed, you probably do not have the privileges necessary to perform property changes.
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KNOWLEDGE BASE
Creating a Map Based on Zip/Postal Codes
Published: 30 Jan 2013
Last Modified Date: 08 Jan 2019
Question
How to create a map based on revenue by zip or postal code.
Environment
Tableau Desktop
Answer
The below examples use the Superstore sample data which contains a dimension called Postal Code and a measure called Profit.
 1. In the Data window, double-click Postal Code to create the map.
 2. Drag Profit to Size on the Marks card.
 3. Drag Profit to Color on the Marks card.
 4. Format color and font as desired.
To create a map, please use the steps below:
 1. Double-click the Postal Code dimension from the Data window to create the map.
 2. On the Marks Card, from the drop-down list of views, select Map.
 3. Drag Profit to Color on the Marks card.
 4. Format color and font as desired.
Additional Information
To view these steps in action, see the video below.
Note: the video has no sound.
Discuss this article... Feedback Forum
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Texas 80-Meter Wind Map and Wind Resource Potential
The U.S. Department of Energy's Wind Program and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) published an 80-meter (m) height wind resource map for Texas. This map is a key piece of understanding the state's wind resource potential from a development, policy, and a jobs and economic development impact perspective.
About the 80-Meter Texas Wind Resource Map
The wind resource map shows the predicted mean annual wind speeds at an 80-m height, presented at a spatial resolution of about 2 kilometers that is interpolated to a finer scale for display. Areas with annual average wind speeds around 6.5 meters per second and greater at 80-m height are generally considered to have a resource suitable for wind development. Utility-scale, land-based wind turbines are typically installed between 80 and 100 m high.
Texas Wind Resource Potential
The chart to the right shows the wind resource potential above a given gross capacity factor at both 80-m and 100-m heights for Texas.
NREL estimated the windy land area and wind energy potential in various capacity factor ranges for each state using AWS Truepower's gross capacity factor data. The table lists the estimates of windy land area with a gross capacity of 30% and greater at an 80-m height and the wind energy potential from development of the "available" windy land area after exclusions.
"Installed capacity" refers to the potential megawatts of rated capacity that could be installed on the available windy land area, and "annual generation" refers to the estimated annual wind energy generation in gigawatt-hours that could be produced from the installed capacity. NREL reduced the wind potential estimates by excluding areas unlikely to be developed, such as wilderness areas, parks, urban areas, and water features (see Wind Resource Exclusion Table for more detail). Additional wind potential tables are included for various capacity factor ranges.
These maps and wind potential estimates resulted from a collaborative project between NREL and AWS Truepower. This is the first comprehensive update of the wind energy potential by state since 1993. NREL has worked with AWS Truepower for almost a decade on updating wind resource maps for 36 states and producing validated maps for 50-meter heights. The U.S. Department of Energy's Wind Powering America initiative supported the mapping efforts.
Note: Wind resource at a micro level can vary significantly; therefore, you should get a professional evaluation of your specific area of interest.


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Influence of magnetic impurities on the heat capacity of nuclear spins
- 26 Downloads
It is found that over a wide range of temperatures and magnetic fields even a small concentration of magnetic impurities in a sample leads to a T−1 temperature dependence of the nuclear heat capacity. This effect is due to nuclear spin polarization by the magnetic impurities. The parameter that controls the theory turns out not to be the impurity concentration nimp but instead the quantity nimpμ e /μ n , where μ e and μ n are the magnetic moments of an electron and a nucleus, respectively. The ratio of μ e and μ n is of order of 103.
PACS numbers65.40.+g 75.40.Cx 75.30.Hx 75.25.+z
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Laryngeal Cleft
Every child has a breathing tube starting at the nose and mouth and extending into the lungs. He or she also has a feeding tube just behind the breathing tube that brings food and liquid to the stomach. If there is a connection at the very top of these two tubes, we call this a laryngeal cleft. If the connection is in the middle of these two tubes, we call this a fistula.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Laryngeal clefts begin at the very top of the two tubes. Imagine a zipper unzipping, and you can understand how deep clefts can be. If the zipper unzips only to the level of the vocal cords, then it is a type 1 cleft. If the zipper unzips all the way down so there is a connection all the way down the two pipes, this is a type 4 cleft.
Type 2,3, and 4 clefts require surgical repair so that the child does not continue to aspirate (a condition in which food or liquid is trapped in the lungs) and develop chronic lung problems. Some children with type 1 clefts eventually outgrow them, so if they can managed on thickened feeds and are not getting pneumonia, often we wait until they are 2 or 3 before making a decision whether or not to operate.
laryngeal cleft classification
The image above shows a popularized grading system for classifying the degree of severity of laryngeal cleft.
laryngeal cleft
Laryngeal Cleft: This photograph represents a child with laryngeal cleft before surgery.
post op
Postoperative Laryngeal Cleft: This photograph represents a child with laryngeal cleft after surgical repair.
For more information about laryngeal cleft, please speak with your child's physician.


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This is one of the great lordly houses of Pompeii. The vast garden (63x32 meters) is distinguished by two long canals (euripi) in the shape of a "T". It is presumed that, on the occasion of rituals linked to the cult of Isis, their waters overflowed in artificial inundations that submerged the garden with its plants, in imitation of the annual flooding of the Nile.
Numerous sculptures, some of them displayed here, decorated the two arms of the euripus.
On both sides of the longitudinal canal that flowed through the garden secluded behind high walls were found holes for the stakes that supported the pergolas, creating shady paths. Furrows show where almond, quince and pomegranate trees once grew, planted in parallel rows running through the garden.


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SCADA application on a diversion dam
Ruiz, Victor, author
Begovich, Ofelia, author
Villagrana, Eliseo, author
Bernabe, Valetín, author
Romero, Ernesto, author
Ramirez, Javier, author
U.S. Committee on Irrigation and Drainage, publisher
This paper describes a flow control regulator application in a diversion dam at the Irrigation District 097, "Lázaro Cardenas", Michoacan, Mexico. A Hydropower Company has started to produce electricity during high demand peak hours releasing the daily volume for irrigation in few hours. Downstream of the storage dam, a Diversion dam stores the water released for power and delivers the water as the irrigation district requires under controlled conditions. Because of these changes in operations at the diversion dam a SCADA systems was installed. The measurement and operation equipment integrated for this application consisted in a SCADAPack, the Probe ultrasonic level sensor, gate position sensor and Horizontal Doppler Current Profiler Channel Master as flow meter. The SCADAPacks at the flow meter and diversion dam were connected by low cost radios called Maxstream. To improve the reliability of the systems redundant equipment was installed on gate position, upstream level sensor. For flow measurement reliability the gate equation, calibrated with the H-ADCP data, was used. As a first step a set of rules were introduced to adjust the gate opening to keep the flow at the head of the main canal constant as the level on the diversion dam change. Since the end of 2006 the system is being transferred from a manual system to an automated system.
Presented at SCADA and related technologies for irrigation district modernization, II: a USCID water management conference held on June 6-9, 2007 in Denver, Colorado.