text:
Battery packs: As strong as the weakest cell
Regular concentration checks on batteries guarantee a safety net in case of power outages. The intrinsically safe DMA 35 Ex performs density checks on battery cells in less than a minute!
Full power guaranteed
Many organizations such as transformer stations, power plants or hospitals require an emergency system. They are always equipped with a battery pack. In case of a power outage, the battery automatically takes over the voltage supply to keep essential functions alive, e.g. to notify the central station of the power failure, to activate the separator and to provide emergency lighting and fire alarms.
The battery pack consists of a large number of electrochemical battery cells, all connected in series. The electrolyte of the cells is usually sulfuric acid. Due to chemical reactions during discharge, the density of the electrolyte (or its specific gravity) decreases. The density of the battery acid gives information about the concentration of H2SO4 and the charging status of the battery. Depending on the result, the user knows whether the battery needs maintenance or needs to be exchanged. To detect and maintain the weakest cell(s) of the battery, a regular density check is mandatory. As a matter of fact, a battery pack is only as strong as its weakest cell.
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A Red Hat training course is available for JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Common Criteria Certification
4.4. Optimistic concurrency control
The only approach that is consistent with high concurrency and high scalability is optimistic concurrency control with versioning. Version checking uses version numbers, or timestamps, to detect conflicting updates (and to prevent lost updates). Hibernate provides for three possible approaches to writing application code that uses optimistic concurrency. The use cases we show are in the context of long application transactions but version checking also has the benefit of preventing lost updates in single database transactions.
4.4.1. Application version checking
In an implementation without much help from the persistence mechanism, each interaction with the database occurs in a new EntityManager and the developer is responsible for reloading all persistent instances from the database before manipulating them. This approach forces the application to carry out its own version checking to ensure application transaction isolation. This approach is the least efficient in terms of database access. It is the approach most similar to EJB2 entities:
// foo is an instance loaded by a previous entity manager
em = factory.createEntityManager();
EntityTransaction t = em.getTransaction();
t.begin();
int oldVersion = foo.getVersion();
Foo dbFoo = em.find( foo.getClass(), foo.getKey() ); // load the current state
if ( dbFoo.getVersion()!=foo.getVersion() )
 throw new StaleObjectStateException("Message", oldVersion);
dbFoo.setProperty("bar");
t.commit();
em.close();
The version property is mapped using @Version, and the entity manager will automatically increment it during flush if the entity is dirty.
Of course, if you are operating in a low-data-concurrency environment and don't require version checking, you may use this approach and just skip the version check. In that case, last commit wins will be the default strategy for your long application transactions. Keep in mind that this might confuse the users of the application, as they might experience lost updates without error messages or a chance to merge conflicting changes.
Clearly, manual version checking is only feasible in very trivial circumstances and not practical for most applications. Often not only single instances, but complete graphs of modified ojects have to be checked. Hibernate offers automatic version checking with either detached instances or an extended entity manager and persistence context as the design paradigm.


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text:
|KBS Forest and Fields|
Many of the upland environments on KBS lands are not managed and are thus in a process of ecological recovery from past disturbances. Hardwood forests of ca. 70 years age are abundant and occur in patches of variable size, typically dominated by oaks, maples, beech, and hickories.
Conifer plantations of more than 40 years age are also common. The Kellogg Experimental Forest contains some of the most thoroughly studied forest ecosystems in Michigan. Kay Gross can provide more information on local plant communities.
Nearby public lands - Yankee Springs State Recreation Area, Fort Custer State Recreation Area, Allegan State Game Area, and Barry State Game Area - are largely covered by forest and oak savanna and include the largest blocks of contiguous forest in southern Michigan. These areas also contain a wide variety of lakes and wetlands, including bottomland floodplain forest along the Kalamazoo River and Sphagnum peat bogs in isolated kettle holes.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
What is the connection between economic freedom and poverty?
Thirty years ago, the Wheaton Alumni magazine began a series of articles in which Wheaton faculty told about their thinking, their research, or their favorite books and people. Seth W. Norton is currently the Jean and E. Floyd Kvamme Professor of Political Economy and former Director of the Wheaton Center for Faith, Politics & Economics. Professor Norton has taught at Wheaton since 1995 and was featured in the Autumn 2010 issue.
Poverty rates are customarily measured as the proportion of a country whose income is beneath a low absolute level such as one or two dollars a day. Poverty can alternatively be measured in non-pecuniary terms, such as the percentage of the population that survives infancy, or the percentage of the population that has access to basic life-sustaining benefits like safe water.
Economic freedom exists where there are consistent institutions and policies in place to ensure a voluntary exchange coordinated by markets with free entry and freedom to compete, as well as a protection of persons and their property.
The last two decades have seen a promising decline in poverty levels. The average population living on $1 a day fell dramatically from 32 percent of the world's population in 1980 to 16.5 percent in 2004. Similarly, infant survival and life expectancy are on the rise.
While much of the non-industrialized world has flourished in this period, the good news has to be tempered with a grim exception–sub-Saharan Africa. Many of the non-industrialized nations of the world have become economically freer, while economic freedom in Africa has stagnated or even declined during the last quarter century. Understanding this exception requires exploring the connection between the world's poverty and economic freedom. Simply stated, for non-industrialized nations, economic freedom reduces poverty.
Countries that are not economically free have about 30 percent of their population living on $1 a day and nearly 60 percent living on $2 a day, while countries that are economically free have less than 8 percent living on $1 a day and 39 percent living on $2 a day. About 74 percent of the population has access to good water in countries that are not free, while almost 100 percent of the population has access to good water in most economically free countries.
The various measures of poverty all point in the same direction–more economic freedom means lower poverty rates. Some might question whether lower levels of poverty are in fact the cause of economic freedom, rather than the result of this freedom. This interpretation is plausible, but not likely. Further statistical analysis shows that increases in economic freedom lower poverty rates regardless of the measure of poverty, even after accounting for other factors such as geography and the levels of urbanization in a country.
Studying links between economic freedom and world poverty is fascinating yet depressing, given the ties between poverty and human suffering, frailty, and depravity. If so many people would benefit from free economies, why do we not observe more economic freedom around the world?
Dr. Seth W. Norton has made research contributions in the fields of government regulation, franchising, telecommunications, and world poverty. He studied the links between economic institutions and poverty; public policies toward business and the economy; as well as government regulation, property rights, and the role of culture in framing economic institutions. From 1996 to 2008, he was also head wrestling coach at Wheaton.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Develop a Document Field Extension - Bloomreach Experience - Open Source CMS
22-05-2020
Develop a Document Field Extension
Introduction
Goal
Develop a document field extension using the Open UI extension library.
Background
A Document Field Extension functions as a field in a document type. It appears in a document editing template just as any other field and can be used to set a String property in the document. The Bloomreach Experience Manager content editors provide the field caption and hint. The extension is shown in an iframe and provides the UI to set the String value.
The communication between the Bloomreach Experience Manager editor and the extension is done using the Open UI Extension client library.
API
Functions
 - ui.document.get()
 Returns a promise that resolves with information about the current document. The resolved object has the following properties:
 Property Description Example value
 id The UUID of the document handle node.
 displayName The display name of the document. "My Document"
 locale The locale of the document. "en"
 mode The mode of the editor that shows the extension. Either "view", "edit" or "compare". "view"
 urlName The URL name of the document. "my-document"
 variant.id The UUID of the document variant node.
 - ui.document.field.getValue()
 Returns a promise that resolves with the current string value of the field. It's up to the extension to interpret the string, e.g. parse it as JSON.
 - ui.document.field.setValue()
 Updates the string value of the field. Returns a promise that resolves when the value has been set. The string can contain at most 100K characters to avoid the storage of unreasonable amounts of data (e.g. when an extension gets compromised). Larger strings will be ignored and return a rejected promise.
 Note that validation of the set value is not reflected in the returned promise. A resolved promise just means the value reached the surrounding editor. Any client-side validation (e.g. the 'required' check) may still trigger the field to become invalid.
 - ui.document.field.getComparedValue()
 Only available when the "mode" of the document is "compare". Returns a promise that resolves with the string value of the field value to compare.
 - ui.document.field.setHeight()
 Sets the height of the iframe that surrounds the document field extension to the given number of pixels. Valid values are from 10 to 2000. When calling the function with the value 'auto', the iframe is set to the height of the iframe. This gives the option to show the iframe without scrollbars. When the size of the iframe content changes, the height of the iframe is automatically adjusted. When calling the function with the value 'initial', the iframe is set to the initial height from the extension configuration.
 - ui.document.open()
 Available since v14.2.1
 Opens a document by UUID in the content perspective.
 Returns a Promise that resolves when the document is opened.
 Property Description Example value
 id The UUID of the document handle node.
 "c580ac64-3874-4717-a6d9-e5ad72080abe"
 - ui.document.navigate()
 Available since v14.2.1
 Navigates a document path in the content perspective.
 Returns a Promise that resolves when the document is opened.
 Property Description Example value
 path The absolute JCR path of the document handle node.
 "/content/documents/myproject/content/sample-document"
Dialog
A Document Field Extension can open a dialog to interact with the user.
Code Example
For simplicity, this is a plain HTML/JavaScript example. Extensions can be developed using your JS framework and tools of choice, e.g. Angular, Vue, React, etc.
This "Hello World" example of a document field extension renders a button and sets the field value to "Hello Button" when the user clicks the button.
The HTML for the extension renders the button and loads the client library and the script for the extension:
index.html
<!doctype html>

 <title>Document Field Extension Example</title>

Value:

 <button id="setFieldValue">Set Field Value</button>

The script registers the extension, shows the field value, enables the button, and adds an event listener to the button to set the field value when the user clicks the button:
index.js
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', async () => {
 try {
 const ui = await UiExtension.register();
 const brDocument = await ui.document.get();
 const value = await ui.document.field.getValue();

 showFieldValue(value);
 initSetFieldValueButton(ui, brDocument.mode);

 } catch (error) {
 console.error('Failed to register extension:', error.message);
 console.error('- error code:', error.code);
 }
});
function initSetFieldValueButton(ui, mode) {
 const buttonElement = document.querySelector('#setFieldValue');
 if (mode !== 'edit') {
 buttonElement.style.display = 'none';
 return;
 }
 buttonElement.style.display = 'block';
 buttonElement.addEventListener('click', async () => {
 try {
 var value = 'Hello Button';
 ui.document.field.setValue(value);
 showFieldValue(value);
 } catch (error) {
 console.error('Error: ', error.code, error.message);
 }
 });
}
function showFieldValue(value) {
 document.querySelector('#fieldValue').innerHTML = value;
}

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text:
224 SSOs were reported in Oakland between Oct. 1, 2015 - Apr. 23, 2018
378,717 gallons of sewage-contaminated water was spilled
293,441 gallons reached creeks or the bay
About this data
Sanitary collection systems throughout California are required to report sanitary sewer overflows (SSOs) and spills to the State Water Resources Control Board's California Integrated Water Quality System Project (CIWQS). This data is then made available for public download under the 'Interactive SSO Report' section of CIWQS.
Data represented here is limited to spills reported by the City of Oakland.
Collection systems commonly report SSOs by calendar year, though data here is presented by water year. As defined by the United States Geological Survey (USGS), 'water year' is the 12-month period starting October 1 through September 30 of the following year. The water year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends. Thus, the year ending September 30, 2018 is called the '2018 water year'.
Sewer overflows typically occur during storms due to aging pipes or illegal connections that permit stormwater to enter the sanitary sewer and exceed the design capacity of the pipes which were generally designed only to carry sanitary waste. During dry years considerably fewer SSOs are recorded in comparison to wet years.
For questions contact Ian Wren at _EMAIL_.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
What would be the best way to cause the spriteimg jump. I want to have the sprite glide up and then back down when K_UP is pressed. What would be the best approach to this?
while running:
 spriteimg = plumberright
 screen.blit(spriteimg,(x1, y1))
 keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
 for event in pygame.event.get():
 if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
 running = False
 if keys[pygame.K_UP]:
 y1 -= 2
 elif keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
 x1 += 2
 elif keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
 x1 -= 2
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
up vote 4 down vote accepted
I suggest you model the movement of your character as a velocity vector. The keys accelerate in a certain direction. Gravity and friction (and collisions) bring the player to stop.
I found this here (it's not python but the ideas are the same), maybe it helps: _URL_
share|improve this answer
You could also save the sequence of jump movements as a list and iterate through the movements in the list. Not as flexible, but another option. – Joel Cornett Apr 1 '12 at 18:29
My cohort covered this during our tutorial at PyCon this year:
You'll want to start at 31:00 if you don't want to listen me to talk about game design :)
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
IJSRP, Volume 3, Issue 2, February 2013 Edition [ISSN 2250-3153]
Tanmoyee Bhattacharya, Dr. S.P Aggarwal, Dr. Vaibhav Garg
In the present study, Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) a macro-scale hydrological model was used to simulate the hydrology of Chambal river basin of India. This analysis was carried out to generate water balance components including runoff, evapotranspiration and baseflow at 0.25*0.25degree grid for the year 2000 and to estimate daily variation of runoff over entire basin. The effect of change of Land cover, slope and soil type on runoff also investigated in this study. Simulation of VIC model showed the annual runoff generation over the basin is 50%.


text:
Sensors are like good eyes. Detection is at the core of sorting. TOMRA's high-tech sensors are like eagle eyes; they see more and are thus able to detect and supply more information.
TOMRA SORTING AS A PIONEER IN SENSOR TECHNOLOGY!
As the global pioneer in sensor-based sorting, TOMRA's sorting technology continues to dynamically drive the development of increasingly better and newer sensors to further enhance our customer's process.
SEEING THE INVISIBLE
TOMRA's sensor technology provides the highest efficiency, precision and speed. Not even the smallest particle sizes fall through the detection grid, even though it works much faster than traditional sorting technologies.
TOMRA Sorting's sensor technologies ensure high speed processing of information such as material, shape, size, geometry, color, defect and damage characteristics, and location of objects.
TOMRA's sorting principle: a sorting solution tailored to your needs
To provide the right and precise sorting solution, we start working from the broad application, customize the mechanical and technological needs for your particular product, and then fine-tune the sorting machine with the needed core sorting components, including sensors, electronics, software, and ejection modules.
It's this balance of broad technological application and customized expertise that makes TOMRA the leader in sensor-based sorting.
Core sensor technologies by TOMRA
1. Advanced Foreign Material Detector™ (AFMD)
Specifically designed for the detection of defects and foreign materials that are difficult to identify because of similar structure or color characteristics. The AFMD module sorts on product specific features.
2. Biometric Signature Identification (BSI)
Designed to identify the characteristics of good products and defects, creating new sorting opportunities for nuts, dried fruit, and other food applications. Allows examining food products using light beyond the visible spectrum, into the near-infrared region. With TOMRA's BSI technology it is possible to identify certain chemical and molecular differences and changes on the surface and within the objects being inspected. This technology has been awarded with several awards including the 'Innovation Award' at the 2015 INC congress.
Recognizes materials based on color, biological characteristics and shape (length, width, diameter, area, and other). Their capabilities go beyond the visible spectrum and include infrared, ultraviolet and other spectra.
TOMRA has developed exclusive high resolution cameras with an adapted spectrum, ideal for optical food sorting. The cameras also include our industrial high quality lenses, with an advanced focusing system.
Recognizes aflatoxin in nuts such as peanuts, almonds, hazelnuts and dried fruit such as figs. The Detox™ laser sorter utilizes a special optical design that allows aflatoxin contamination to be detected and removed. This laser technique captures the extremely low intensity of light reflected by the fungus.
Fluo™ technology is used to sort out products which do not contain chlorophyll/solanine or differ in chlorophyll/solanine level from the good products that contain chlorophyll/solanine such as potatoes, peas, green beans, spinach, and other leafy products. The objects that do not contain chlorophyll (the defects) can be stones, plastics, glass, wood, metal, rotten spots et cetera.
6. Interactance spectroscopy
Utilizes Near-InfraRed (NIR) light and penetrates far into the meat before it is measured. It has become the preferred method for accurate laboratory measurement of fat in meat.
TOMRA's laser machines sort based on color, structure, and biological characteristics. Laser scanning detects contaminants even when the products and the defects have the same color.
8. Pulsed LED
Recognizes the subtlest color differences thanks to the combination of a number of different pulses inspecting objects in the RGB, IR and NIR spectrum. Benefits are numerous: calibration-free, stable, long life-time, high resolution, less heating …
9. Shortwave Infrared (SWIR)
SWIR enables sorting based on water content, by creating a contrast between water-based products and other materials. This technology is very effective for sorting fruits and vegetables.
10. Flex & Smart sort
The Smart Sort module helps the operator setting parameters by analyzing the incoming product. It automatically provides a program set up in a simple and timely manner. If necessary, the operator can adjust the program, to adapt the changing sorting criteria. By implementing the Smart Sort module, the sorting machine is used to its fullest capabilities.
Detects on density, irrespective of size, moisture or pollution level.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Chad Woodcock, Meagan Walsh, Nicol Kurstjens
Prefilled syringes (PFS) are one of thefastest growing classes of drug-delivery systems; inaddition to being convenient to use, they also mayhave the potential to reduce the risk of contamination.For intravitreal applications, the elimination of severalsteps during aseptic preparation may reduce the risk ofpotential iatrogenic eye infections that may result fromsuboptimal drug/device handling.
Methods: Characteristics, development process, andpotential benefits of ranibizumab PFS are described.
Results: The design features and functionality ofranibizumab PFS are as follows: 1) LUER lock closuresystem holding the needle tightly and enables needlechoice; 2) small syringe barrel (0.5 mL) with low voidvolume(fill volume: 0.165 mL); 3) unambiguous dosemark that facilitates high dose accuracy; 4) non-reactive borosilicate glass that provides storage stabil-ity; 5) non-retractable stopper to prevent inadvertentdrawing of non-sterile air and to minimize the poten-tial for sterility-related ocular adverse events; 6) spe-cially designed blister packaging that prevents thecontamination of sterile outer syringe surface. A baked'silicone' process is used for the development ofminimally-siliconized PFS. The barrel's inner surface isspray-coated with silicon oil-in-water emulsion andsubsequently heat fixed. There were no relevant dif-ferences observed in product stability betweenranibizumab vials and the PFS.
Conclusions: The ranibizumab PFS aims to improvephysician convenience and efficiency of ranibizumabadministration in clinical practice with the potential toreduce risk of eye infection and saving time forpatients and physicians. Real time clinical practice datawill help demonstrate the advantages of ranibizumabPFS.


School History
In late 2008, Heather Fish began discussing the idea of founding a new martial arts school within her community of friends and martial artists. The founding members came together to create and support a new community where individual martial artists could not only train together, but actively support each other as they grew as a martial artists and as people.
Polaris Fellowship incorporated as a Michigan Nonprofit in 2009.
Polaris is named for the North Star. This symbolizes that as we study and learn together, we develop the tools which allow us to better find our individual paths. Polaris is deeply rooted in fellowship and the school actively works to build a supportive martial arts community for its members.
The school's symbol, the pole star, was designed by Scott Wilhelm.


If you've ever been worried about who is reading your chats, Signal is the app for you. Combining two existing iOS apps, TextSecure and RedPhone, into one secure picture and text app. iOS users of either software will soon find updates which changes their app over to the new Signal application. How good is Signal and it's predecessors? So good that this is the encrypted chat app of choice for Edward Snowden. He touted the app on his still new Twitter account, joking that the FBI already knew he was using it.
Signal allows users to send and receive images and texts, as well as make secured calls. All communication is highly encrypted, preventing internet service providers or other snoopers from reading or listening in. Wildly popular on iOS, it's exciting to see this software make the jump to Android. In addition to the security it offers, Signal is another great way for both iPhone and Android users to communicate across platform to each other.
If having Edward Snowden's endorsement isn't enough for you, Signal has ample evidence of their security. The largest is TextSecure was recently used heavily by WhatsApp to secure their text conversations. If you're still not convinced, Signla is actually an open source project. Open Whisper Systems, the developer behind Signal, has made the code freely available online for people so see, or break. There's still no sign of the desktop application which was promised. Also missing are apps for the Windows Phone and BlackBerry ecosystems, but given market share saturation, this isn't uncommon.


Maintain Security Roles
Setting up Security in Liberty is extremely important. Unrestricted access to all elements of the software gives employees the ability to view sensitive customer data, the ability to alter settings that impact financial transactions, and the ability to make large-scale changes that may be not only undesirable, but difficult to undo. Setting up security properly protects both your customers and your entire organization. The robust security system in Liberty allows for you control access to information, features, and settings.
By assigning security roles to the different areas of Liberty, you can then set up users in the Maintain Users (Setup > Security > Maintain Users) dialog and assign each user an appropriate security role. Security roles and user accounts let you give some employees full access, while giving others restricted access. For example, you could restrict certain users to only have the ability to add new accounts and new items to Liberty.
You can set the security roles to any components in the Maintain Security Actions dialog area. When you have finished setting the security roles, set up user accounts.
How Security Roles Work
Users in the Liberty software are assigned roles. These different roles will define what they have access to within the software. Liberty also has actions. Each action is assigned a role. If an employee is part of a role, that is also assigned to an specific action, then that employee can do that action.
Example: Employees John and Nancy both work for the store. John's duties include stocking shelves, taking in inventory brought in by consignors, and organizing the warehouse. His role is a Stocker. Nancy helps customers cash out their good, and pays consignors for items that have sold. Nancy's role is a Cashier. A customer comes to the counter and wants to use a coupon for a purchase. The action of using Coupons at the Point Of Sale has been assigned the role of Cashiers. Nancy would be able to apply the coupon to the sale because she is a Cashier, however John would not since he is a Stocker, and the action of applying coupons is restricted to Cashiers.
Creating Security Roles
1.Select Setup > Security > Maintain Security Roles.
The Maintain Security Roles dialog box will open.
2.Click the Add button to create a new role.
3.When the new role dialog box opens, enter the name of the new role.
4.If you want this role to be active, then leave the Active check box checked, and click the OK button when done.
The new role will be added to the list.
How To Edit An Existing Role
1.To edit a role you can click the edit button, or double click the role to open the details of that role.
2.When the details box opens you can either change the name of the role or make it inactive.
3.Press the OK button when done.

Note: It is not necessary to create any sort of "Everyone" role for actions that should be accessible to any authenticated user. Any Security Actions that aren't associated with one or more Roles will automatically be accessible to everyone.
Related Topics
Security Overview
Maintain Users
Change Password For A User
Maintain Security Options
Maintain Security Actions


Union councils of Pakistan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 (Redirected from Union Councils of Pakistan)
Jump to: navigation, search
A sherwan or union council in Pakistan is an elected local government body consisting of 21 councillors, and headed by a nazim (which is equivalent to a mayor) and a naib nazim (deputy). Union councils are the fifth tier of government in Pakistan and are often known as village councils in rural areas, the territory represented by a village council usually comprises a large village and surrounding areas, often including nearby small villages. The term "union council" may be used for localities that are part of cities.


Sign up ×
Is there a way to determine a government bill's or bond's maturity date by looking at its CUSIP?
For example, the CUSIP for US T-Bills with a maturity of 12/1/11 is 9127953V1. As you probably know, the first six characters of a CUSIP represent the item in question (e.g. US TBills); the last digit is an error correction code; the seventh and eighth characters are specific to the maturity. So in this case, "3V" maps to 12/1/11.
Do you know the algorithm that's used to map the two digit code to a maturity? I can obtain the maturity by hand using the internet or Bloomberg but would prefer to have an algorithm if possible. Any ideas?
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
CUSIP and ISIN codes are issued in the US by CUSIP Global Services, run by S&P. While the data structure follows a certain logic, there is no way to extract relevant security information from the number. You generally have to rely on a data vendor for specific data such as the maturity date for a bond.
In the case of US Treasuries, however, the Treasury Direct website provides a database of relevant information for every security, including maturity date and CUSIP. The database covers security issued since 1980.
Also note that a variety of CUSIPs can be assigned to Treasury securities before their auction date and are later transferred to a "permanent" CUSIP. For example, a standard bond will go to three auctions before reaching its full size. For ease of use bonds will be issued a temporary CUSIP before auction to differentiate the auctioned bonds from the rest of the issue.
share|improve this answer
CUSIP Global Services gives the following explanation regarding fixed incomes:
The issue identifier assigned to an issuer's fixed income securities may consist of two alphabetic characters (AA etc.), one alphabetic character followed by one digit (A2 etc.), or one digit followed by one alphabetic character (2A etc.), assigned in that order. A separate issue identifier is assigned to each rate and/or maturity for each issue of bonds—thus a serial bond having 40 different maturities is assigned 40 separate issue identifiers—but general obligations of a municipality having the same issue date, rate and maturity are normally assigned the same identifier regardless of purpose. The alphabetic letter "I" and numeric "1" as well as the alphabetic "O" and numeric zero are not used in the assignment of issue identifiers to fixed income securities.
There is no algorithm, unfortunately. The Treasury simply purchases CUSIP numbers from Global Services. There's no guarantee that the code will even be an increment from the previous issue.
So you are stuck with looking up codes from a data vendor.
share|improve this answer
I discovered that the information is freely available from a major vendor's web site. You enter a CUSIP in a search box and it returns a ton of info (including maturity). I ended up writing a program to do an "HTML scrape" from that site and wrapped it in a nice little API. Of course, if the vendor ever changes the layout of their site I'll have some re-coding to do... but it's the best solution I could find for now. – Chad Decker Feb 5 '13 at 18:43
_USER_ Glad to hear you found a solution. I had to send multiple emails to the Treasury to get an answer from them. – chrisaycock Feb 5 '13 at 19:19
Your Answer


text:
Ball Python Morphs
This is just a short introduction into the history of ball python morphs and morph
game in general. Over time I plan to add more and more information into this category as far as
breeding information goes and really try to break things down into great detail, but for now this is
just a basic intro into the history of the ball python morph game. I specifically left out a lot of detail
regarding individual breeders and such.
First you may be wondering what exactly is a
python morph? Well, allow me to attempt to answer
that question without getting too technical. The
word "morph" is more or less a slang term that
originated from the biology term polymorphism.
Legitimate polymorphism is the occurrence of a
mutated gene(s) that are responsible for creating different phenotypes through color and even
patterns in a particular species that differentiate it from the normal wild type animal. Putting is as
simply as possible, all morphs are basically genetic mutants. Science is still not 100% sure
why genes mutate but we can make an educated guess that it related to adaptability and survival.
These genetic mutants are extremely rare in the wild because most of the time their phenotype like
albino for example puts the animal at a huge disadvantage due to the inability to camouflage properly
and seek out prey. With that, most reptile morphs don't survive long in the wild. Keeping all of
this in mind, you can easy see how a ball python that's different and extremely rare can quickly
generate interest to private keepers and breeders. That's pretty much where the whole ball python
morph craze started with a single albino that was caught in Africa and sold to an American breeder
who bred the animal and introduced it to the reptile market.
Ball python breeders took notice of the these cool little albinos and how much interest they were
generating within the hobby and the ball python morph fever started to take hold. Other morphs like
the pastel jungle and ghost ball python came onto the scene and all of a sudden ball pythons went
from a not so interesting and possibly even boring animal, to all the rave. With the explosion of
interest the prices were also exploding, base
morphs were being sold hand over fist for 25k and
up. Early ball python investors/breeders where
making hundreds of thousands of dollars. People
were quitting their jobs and getting 2nd mortgages
on their houses to pursue the ball python craze.
What started with just a couple morphs being
imported into the United States quickly turned into
several different color and pattern mutations that are inherited in a variety of different ways. Today
we have anywhere from 50-100 different genetic ball python morphs on the market.
Well, as many of you know most bubbles end up popping at some point and that popping point
started in 2005 and continued with ball python morph prices falling year after year until late 2009
when the market began to stabilize. That stabilization was most likely caused by the huge increase in
new breeders into the hobby buying and selling on a huge scale. Fast forward to 2012 and we have a
very stable ball python market that appears to be doing very well despite the current state of the
There you have it, a quick over view of the last 10-12 years and how they evolved into the current
state we're at today.


Anime addicts' guide - What does Otaku mean?
Have you heard of the expression otaku? Do you know its true meaning? How did this term come about? In this article we will do a deep analysis on the word otaku and the people who earned this nickname both in the West and in Japan. We will also see the influence of the community otaku in Japan and the West.
The word otaku [オタク] is a Japanese term used to refer to people who are addicted to something. Over time this word began to be used frequently to refer to fans of anime, manga, novels and games. Prepare to immerse yourself in the true meaning of otaku, to help we leave a summary below:
The meaning of the word Otaku
Originally the word otaku (お宅) was a respectful treatment (sonkeigo) used in the second person, to refer to your home, house, person or family. This word has also been used to refer to husband and organizations.
 - Example: I'll call you at home tomorrow (Ashita otaku ni ukagaimasu [明日お宅に伺います]);
The ideogram of the original word is taku [宅] which literally means home. Over time this word began to be used in a negative way to refer to people who live at home watching anime, playing games, surfing the internet, etc.
otaku One of the main Japanese alternatives is the words Geek and Nerd, but more derogatory. In the dictionary, he is described as a person who has a deep interest in certain hobbies, but lacks knowledge and sociability in other fields.
Otaku can also be used as a suffix for people who like a particular hobby for example tetsudou-otaku [鉄道オタク] which means something like a train addict or mekaotaku [メカオタク] which means addicted to Meka.
Otaku - what is it? What true meaning?
The Origin of the Word Otaku
In the 1980s Akio Nakamori and other prominent authors started using the honorific otaku to refer to criminals and serial killers, anime addicts, hentais and things like that. And since the Japanese are superstitious, they stopped using that word on a daily basis, thus becoming a bad word.
Over time this word started to be used to refer to people with obsessions for something. Not only anime and manga, but anything, cars, football, games, computers, etc.
Suppose someone likes football, they have team t-shirts, they idolize the team, they are present in every game, they put football as the first place in life. It can be called otaku.
In Japan it is possible to find thousands of people addicted to anime and games, which are considered otaku, and they take this lifestyle seriously, making cosplays, spending money on products, living a normal and fun life, doing what they like.
Otaku - what is it? What true meaning?
Why are Otakus excluded from society?
In 1989, the murder of a young woman in the Saitama region was sensationalized, as the criminal was a video collector, every case was enlarged, distorted and publicized in the media, putting the name otaku as a dangerous person who commits crimes.
The negative campaign was done in style. Even today, people play otaku because of the media's influence in that incident. Of course, this is not the only reason that otaku are despised in both Japan and the West.
The media blames the otaku for the fall of Japan birth. Japanese TV often claims that otaku do not want real relationships, and are quite antisocial and hikikomori.
Another criticism against otakus is the huge consumption of erotic content in comics, games and animations, where you can find tentacles, lolis, etc. Yes, I have found several articles on Brazilian websites that talk about this subject. Japan is one of the countries that most consumes material of this type, and more than half are animations.
Westerners also often blame anime and games for a variety of problems in Japan and the western Otaku community. Few realize that the problem is not in animations and games but in addiction.
A person can be addicted to anything like movies, series and books. Otaku itself is used to refer to any type of person addicted to something like cars, toys, trains, computers, etc.
Otaku - what is it? What true meaning?
Why is this thought wrong?
The problem is that not all Otaku are antisocial, they tend to be related, live a normal life, work and have other dreams. The fact that a person is addicted to something was not necessarily to be bad.
In Brazil many are addicted to something, some live in the gym, others live drinking, many choose different priorities in their life and have fun with what they like. The fact that a person likes something does not determine his behavior.
Japanese are shy and antisocial by nature, the country's culture puts a lot of pressure on society to follow strict rules. Many end up becoming not just otakus but hikikomori NEETs who are isolated young people who live trapped indoors.
Otaku - what is it? What true meaning?
Otaku in the West
In the West, the word does not have the same connotation as Japan. Here it is usually used only to identify people who like anime. Otaku in Brazil also use the expression otome to refer to women who are anime fans, but it is worth remembering that otaku is not a masculine word, but unisex.
The amount of otakus outside of Japan is increasing a lot. The western population is neither prepared nor used to these types of people who call themselves otaku, they do not understand why they dress up and like this type of animation. Something understandable, since even today comic fans are branded as nerds, and criticized for dressing up.
Otaku - what is it? What true meaning?
The otaku are criticized in the West for the prejudice of thinking that animations are children's or children's. They do not know the depth of a story written by Japanese and do not realize that animation is just an art style like manga.
Others think that anime are crazy, full of powers, macumba, bitching, clichés, etc. They forget that there are genres and that anime are created on top of Japanese culture, made for Japanese people who think and lead a different lifestyle from Westerners. Western Otaku also admire and enjoy Japanese culture.
Otaku - what is it? What true meaning?
What does being an Otaku involve?
For a person to become an Otaku, just addict something and put it as a priority in your life. It is clear that in both the West and Japan the term Otaku started to be used for people who have similar tastes. Otaku 99% will probably like at least 5 things from the list below:
 - Anime - Japanese animations;
 - Sleeves - Japanese Comics;
 - Light Novels - Romance books;
 - Visual Novels - Relationship games, romance and conversations;
 - RPGs - Role-playing games;
 - Cosplay - Character fantasy;
 - Japanese music - Mainly from animes;
 - OST - anime background music;
 - Action Figures - Action figures of the characters;
 - Games - All types of games in general;
 - Japan - Otaku foreigners appreciate Japanese culture;
 - Series - Otaku also watches series;
 - Computers - Most live on computers;
 - Maid Café - Maids coffee;
 - Cosplay Coffee - Themed cafes;
 - Cats - It is rare that someone does not like cats, some even dress up;
 - Moe - Cute stuff, cute anime and characters;
 - Cute things - Cuddly toys, caps, character toys;
 - Weapons and accessories - shuriken, Katana and etc;
 - Eroge - erotic games and visual novels;
 - Hentai / Yaoi / Yuri (erotic animations);
 - Doramas - Japanese dramas / series / novels;
 - Dakimakura - Printed body pillows;
 - Itasha - Cars with prints;
 - Cards - Collect anime cards;
 - Nico Nico - YouTube of otaku;
 - Akihabara - The otaku center in Japan;
 - Waifu - Most Otakus have a waifu;
This list even shows some things that are considered questionable. The point we want to make is that, watching anime doesn't make you an otaku. There are crazy otakus, and they have problems, but it is a subject that must be understood and respected.
Otaku - what is it? What true meaning?
Knowing the otaku life
I recommend some animations and sleeves, which depict the life of a otaku or something related, I'll leave a list here:
 - Pray no Imōto ga Konna ni Kawaii Wake ga Nai
 - Shirobako
 - Renai Shimasen ka? (Mango)
 - Genshiken
 - Seitokai no Ichizon
 - Steins; Gate
 - Danna ga Nani wo Itteiru ka Wakaranai Ken
 - Suzumiya Haruhi no Yuutsu
Watching the anime or manga mentioned above, you can understand a little more about the life of an otaku, and how it can be interesting. Of course there are crazy and hobby-obsessed people like in the video below. Be careful not to become one of those.
What do I think


text:
Nanjing harsle machine tool co.,ltd
Swing Beam Shears
Swing Beam Shears
Hydraulic swing beam shearing machine is a perfect choice with its modern design, durable heavy body and precise cutting quality.
② Safety Fence
③ Foot Switch
④ Schneider Electric Components
⑤ Open Door Power off Switch
- The streamlined welded machine structure achieves high rigidity; the machine is designed by ANSYS software which can ensure the reliability and precision of the shearing machine.
- The motors for backgauge are controlled by inverter, which can achieve high positioning accuracy 0.05mm of the backgauge by changing the frequency and voltage of motor.
- Top blade with four cutting edges and bottom blade with four cutting edges (6CrW2Si).
- X axis(Backgauge) and cutting time can be programmed by E21S system controller, which can store up to 40 groups of programs.
- Cutting angle can be adjusted by CNC controller, Blade gap can be motorized controlled.
- Hydraulic overload can be protected by overflow valve, knife rack returns by Nitrogen cylinders.
- Foot switch with emergency button can stop the machine immediately when accident happens.
- Adjusting knife gap between upper and bottom blades can achieve better cutting performance.
- Backgauge(X axis ) movement control
- Control AC motor or inverter
- Intelligent and unilateral positioning
- Work-piece counting function
- Double programmable digital output
- 40 programs stored, 25 steps per program
- One key back-up/restore of parameters
- Unit for mm/inch
- Language for Chinese/English
- Cutting angle adjustment
HIWIN BALL SCREW
Adjust backgauge up and down.
German famous brand motor improves the lifespan of the machine and keeps the machine working in low noise environment.
World famous brand REXROTH, Sub-brand of BOSCH, which is the professional hydraulic valve supplier.
EMB TUBING CONNECTOR
Good-looking structure and reduce the possibility of oil leakage.
SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC COMPONENTS
High quality electric parts can perform well even the electricity is not stable and customers can easily get the replacement anywhere in the word.
The motors for backgauge stroke are controlled by inverter, which can achive high positioning accuracy of the backguage.
BLADE CLEARANCE ADJUSTMENT
Adjust the cutting blades gap by motor according the cutting thickness of the metal sheet can get better cutting performance.
YASKAWA SERVO MOTOR (Optional)
From world famous brand YASKAWA are machine controllers contributing to the creation of value-added machinery and enhanced information utilization, and servo motors crucial to so many machines. Yaskawa's advanced mechatronics equipment and rich expertise in motion technology makes a real contribution to improved speed and precision in industry worldwide.
Roller ball is instACalled on the arm with ruler can reduce the abrasion and feeder the manchine easily and accurately.


text:
In heating, plumbing and solar energy systems, vent valves and dirt separators from Taconova can be used to automatically vent trapped air from the system components and pipes even in inaccessible areas. The reliable TacoVent vent valves remove unwanted air from heating systems. This increases the efficiency and reduces costs. Taconova valves remove dirt from heating systems automatically and therefore increase their effectiveness. Moreover, the heating components are protected against damage from dirt deposits.
The proven automatic TacoVent ventilators reliably remove unwanted air from heating systems. They increase efficiency and subsequently reduce energy consumption and operating costs. Regardless of whether radiators or systems are ventilated, whether horizontally or vertically installed, Taconova provides the ideal solution.


text:
Realistic computer sound, specifically tuned for each listener, could get a little closer using a new, free public database of acoustic measurements developed by researchers at the University of California, Davis (UCD)
'We've captured the critical information needed to reproduce actual sounds as each listener perceives them,' said Ralph Algazi, who led the research team at the UC Davis Centre for Image Processing and Integrated Computing (CIPIC).
Spatially realistic sound reproduction would reportedly help the development of wearable, voice-controlled computers and virtual reality environments for exploring data, Algazi said.
According to UCD, between leaving their source and reaching our ears, sound waves collect changes as they bounce off surfaces such as walls, bodies and ears. These changes, and the small differences between sounds at each ear, let us hear in three dimensions and give us information as to where the sound is coming from.
These changes are captured by the head-related transfer function (HRTF), which vary from person to person depending on factors such as the size and shape of the ears. Knowing HRTFs, researchers can design personalised software or hardware to reproduce spatially accurate and realistic computer-generated sound.
UC Davis researchers Algazi, Richard Duda and Dennis Thompson surrounded subjects with a ring of speakers and placed microphones in their ears. By playing a test signal and comparing it to the recording, they could work out unique HRTFs for sounds from 2,500 different locations arriving at the ears of 43 different people, plus a dummy with different ear sizes.
The team are making their data available to other researchers over the internet and on a CD.
The project was funded by a grant from the National Science Foundation, with sponsorship from Aureal Semiconductor, Creative Advanced Technology Centre, Hewlett-Packard, Interval Research Corporation and the Digital Media Innovation (DiMI) program of the University of California.


Your weekend plans. Delivered.
108 things every Cubs fan should know
One question for each year since Cubs won the World Series.
Friendly confines
1. What was the original name of the ballpark at Clark and Addison streets?
It was called Weeghman Park when it was built in 1914. The park was named after Charlie Weeghman, who built it for his team, the Chicago Federals of the short-lived Federal League. When the Federal League folded in 1916, the National League's Cubs moved in.
2. How many Chicago parks have the Cubs called home?
Six: The 23rd Street Grounds on 23rd and State Streets (1876-77), Lakefront Park south of Randolph Street between Michigan Avenue and the Illinois Central Railroad tracks (_PHONE_), West Side Park at Congress and Throop Streets (_PHONE_), South Side Park at 35th and Wentworth Streets (_PHONE_), West Side Grounds at Polk and Wolcott Streets (_PHONE_) and Wrigley Field -- also known as Weeghman Park and Cubs Park -- from 1916 to today.
3. What's the name of the Cubs' home ballpark for spring training?
Sloan Park in Mesa, Ariz.
4. On what island did the Cubs once hold their spring training sessions?
From 1921 to 1951 -- with just a short break during World War II -- the Cubs trained on Catalina Island off the coast of Los Angeles. Owner William Wrigley Jr. favored the island as a vacation getaway and a real-estate investment.
5. Who planted the ivy on the outfield wall at Wrigley?
Former Cubs front-office assistant Bill Veeck (who later owned the White Sox) planted the ivy in 1937, the same year the bleachers and scoreboard were built.
6. What happens if a ball lands in the ivy and gets stuck there?
The batter is awarded a ground-rule double.
7. What took so long for the Cubs to install lights at Wrigley?
Former owner P.K. Wrigley planned to install lights for the 1942 season but instead donated the fixtures to a shipyard for the war effort on the day after Pearl Harbor was attacked.
8. So when was the first night game?
That would be Aug. 8, 1988. But that game wound up getting rained out, so the first official game was the following night, when the Cubs beat the Mets 6-4.
9. What does that 'W' flag mean?
After a Cubs victory, the "W" flag (for "Win") is raised atop the centerfield scoreboard.
10. There's a flag on the roof of Wrigley that says "Hack 191." What does that mean?
It commemorates Hack Wilson's 191 runs batted in during the 1930 season, a major-league record that still stands.
11. What about those other flags?
The "66 Sammy" flag and the "20 KW" flag commemorate Sammy Sosa's 66 home runs and Kerry Wood's 20-strikeout game in 1998, respectively. There are also flags honoring other Cubs greats, including the "8 Hawk" flag for Andre Dawson, the Cubs outfielder who wore No. 8 and was nicknamed Hawk, and the "17 Grace" flag for popular first baseman Mark Grace.
12. Why do the foul poles at Wrigley have "Hey Hey" on them?
"Hey Hey" was the homerun call of Hall of Fame Cubs broadcaster Jack Brickhouse.
13. What was Wrigley's largest crowd?
On July 27, 1930, 51,556 fans attended. But it was Ladies Day, so only 19,748 admissions were paid.
14. How did they fit 51,556 people into Wrigley?
They let fans stand on the field of play -- along the warning track of the outfield. Hits going into the crowd were declared ground-rule doubles.
15. How many All-Star Games have been played at Wrigley Field?
Three: 1947, 1962 and 1990. The National League lost all three.
16. The Cubs drew 3.23 million fans this season, close to the team record of 3.25 million in 2007. What are some low points in attendance?
On Sept. 24, 1943, the Cubs drew 314 fans, who sat through nearly five innings of freezing drizzle before the game was called as a Cubs victory. In the early '60s, attendance was so low that the Cubs closed the upper deck for weekday games.
17. There's a sign on one of the rooftops beyond right field reading "EAMUS CATULI!" and then another sign with letters and numbers. What do those signs mean?
"Eamus catuli" is an imperfect Latin translation of "Go Cubs." The other sign starts with "AC," which means "anno catuli" -- Cubs time. The first numbers indicate years since the Cubs won a division title (that gets reset to 00 now). The next numbers indicate years since the Cubs last won a National League pennant (71); and the final numbers indicate years since the Cubs have won a World Series title (108). If the Cubs win the 2016 World Series, the sign will read "AC000000" on Opening Day in 2017.
18. Why aren't there seats in the lower portion of the center-field bleachers at Wrigley?
The section is kept empty to provide a better visual background for hitters.
19. Why is there a wire basket in front of the bleachers?
It was installed in 1970 to keep fans from falling or jumping onto the field. It also prevented them from draping coats and jackets over the wall -- a practice that used to inspire Cubs public address announcer Pat Pieper to playfully declare: "Will the bleacher fans please remove their clothes?"
20. What should you do if you catch an opponent's home run ball in the bleachers?
Throw it back onto the field, or ask security for an escort out of the park.
Honor roll
21. How many Cubs have won the Cy Young Award as the top pitcher in the National League?
Five: Fergie Jenkins (1971), Bruce Sutter (1979), Rick Sutcliffe (1984), Greg Maddux (1992) and Jake Arrieta (2015).
22. How many Cubs have won the National League Rookie of the Year Award?
Six: Billy Williams (1961), Ken Hubbs (1962), Jerome Walton (1989), Kerry Wood (1998), Geovany Soto (2008) and Kris Bryant (2015).
23. What former Cubs rookie of the year died in a plane crash at 22?
Second baseman Ken Hubbs was killed when the private plane he was piloting crashed in Utah in February 1964. Hubbs was NL Rookie of the Year in 1962 and was the first rookie to win a Gold Glove.
24. Who is the only Cub to win back-to-back Most Valuable Player Awards?
Ernie Banks -- a.k.a. "Mr. Cub" -- won in 1958 and 1959.
25. Who is the last Cub to win the MVP award?
Sammy Sosa in 1998.
26. How many Cubs uniform numbers have been retired?
So far, only five: No. 14 for Ernie Banks, No. 10 for Ron Santo, No. 26 for Billy Williams, No. 23 for Ryne Sandberg and No. 31 for Fergie Jenkins and Greg Maddux. Flags honoring those players fly from the foul poles at Wrigley.
27. How many Cubs teams have reached the postseason?
Counting this year, it's 18. They've appeared in 10 World Series (1906, 1907, 1908, 1910, 1918, 1929, 1932, 1935, 1938 and 1945) but won only two (1907 and 1908). They have qualified for the National League playoffs eight times (1984, 1989, 1998, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2015 and 2016).
28. What was the original nickname of Chicago's National League team?
The club was known as the White Stockings from 1876 to 1894. They also had several other nicknames before settling on "Cubs" in the early 1900s.
29. What Cubs pitcher was nicknamed "The Vulture"?
Phil Regan, who was the top reliever on the 1969 Cubs.
30. What Cubs pitcher was nicknamed "Twiggy"?
The slightly built Chuck Hartenstein, who pitched for the Cubs in the late 1960s.
31. By what nickname does Cubs manager Joe Maddon refer to his RV?
Cousin Eddie.
Musical interlude
32. What is the name of the Cubs song written by Pearl Jam's Eddie Vedder?
"All the Way."
33. Who sings that "Go, Cubs, Go" song?
Late Chicago songwriter and folk singer Steve Goodman.
34. What other Cubs-themed song did Goodman write and perform in 1983?
"A Dying Cub Fan's Last Request."
35. When a die-hard Cubs fan dies, can the fan get his or her ashes scattered at Wrigley Field?
No. Even Goodman didn't get that honor, according to "Steve Goodman: Facing the Music" by Clay Eals.


'Show Us Who You Are'
The Role of Social Media in Creating Personal Identity
Many people in the world use social media as a public personal diary. Individuals narrate their lives, reveal personal details, promote themselves and even talk to themselves. Anyone can be a public raconteur. Some even become viral raconteurs. In the session, we will reflect on the different types of narratives that are used in the world of social media and how people play with their own identities.


text:
Hubble Transits Across the Sun with Venus
In the middle of the Venus transit, the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) also transited the Sun taking approximately 0.9 seconds to complete its transit. The nine tiny circled features in this photo are HST. These images were taken by amateur solar photographer Thierry Legault from Queensland in north-east Australia. His Nikon D4 was working at 10 fps on a Takahashi FSQ-106ED telescope when it recorded these 9 images of HST. The Venus transit is shown at the bottom of the Sun due to this image coming from a telescope which flips images viewed. Image courtesy of Thierry Lagault.


. curl_setopt_array( ) sets multiple options for a cURL session. Specify the
PHP | 119
active cURL handle and the array of options, and the function will return a Boolean
to indicate success. If any single option fails, the remainder of the array will be
ignored and the function will return false.
Example: curl_setopt_array($cURL, $cURL_options)
curl_exec(cURL_handle)
The meat of this suite of functions is curl_exec( ), which actually executes the
session as it is currently configured. If the CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER option has not
been set to true, this function will output whatever it finds at the other end of its
request and return a Boolean to indicate success. Otherwise, curl_exec( ) returns
the contents to save in a string.
Example: $twitter_data = curl_exec($cURL);
curl_getinfo(cURL_handle,information_name)
Each request has a meta-information channel that describes the session that was
just executed. curl_getinfo( ) gets that information and either returns it as an
associative array containing all the available data or, if you include a specific variable name, returns just that variable's value. The meta-information includes url,
content_type, http_code, filetime, total_time, size_download, speed_download,
and download_content_length.
Example: $status = curl_getinfo($cURL, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);
curl_close(cURL_handle)
When you're finished, use curl_close( ) to end the session and free up all of the
application resources that were devoted to the HTTP request.
Example: curl_close($cURL);
If your server does not support cURL, there are other ways to get
remote content. The file_get_contents( ) function explained in
the section "File Management" on page 109 of this chapter is an
option, provided PHP has been configured to turn on
allow_url_fopen. A more complex option is fsockopen( ), which
should work everywhere.
Debugging
Let's face it: programming involves a lot of trial and error. The first draft of an application rarely works perfectly, and the more code it contains, the more potential there
is for problems that will need to be investigated and fixed. The process of debugging
an application is greatly helped by good documentation and the ability to see what is
happening at the points where problems are occurring.
Programming languages, including PHP, include ways for you to annotate your code
without it affecting the processing that is done. Comments do come with a little extra
overhead since there is more text to deal with, but the benefits greatly outweigh the
120 | Chapter 3: Web Programming Basics
trivial cost of including them. PHP comments work in a similar way to those in PHP
or Perl—text that follows a special marker is interpreted as nonexecutable content and
ignored when the program runs.
Comments are meant to serve as reminders for the programmer and to communicate
to other programmers what is happening at various points in the code. Unlike with
HTML, where anyone can look at the source behind the rendered page, the only people
who will see PHP comments are programmers with an interest in and access to the
script files.
There are two kinds of PHP comments. The first type is the single-line comment. By
prefacing text with a double-slash character combination (//), you signal that the text
between the comment character and the end of the line should be ignored during
execution. For example:
// This is good for line-by-line annotation
The hash character (#) will work, too.
I've always preferred hashes, because there is less to type and because
they stand out visually in a way the slashes do not. However, most
modern text editors with PHP libraries will be able to understand what
comments are and display them in a different color (typically light gray)
to separate them from the rest of the code.
PHP also supports a way to comment out multiple lines of text: it looks for the character
combination /* to indicate the start of a comment block and the combination */ to
signal the end of the block. Anything PHP encounters between these two markers,
including line breaks, is considered a comment and is ignored during execution. For
example:
/*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*/
Use Comments
Liberal use of comments can only help a programmer make
sense of code, particularly as time passes and the
reasons for using a particular function fade from memory.
Except for the first and last lines to open and close the
comment, the asterisks on the left are optional and are
included merely for aesthetic purposes.
Comments help a programmer remember or understand what a section of code does
and maybe why certain programming decisions were made, but they don't do anything
to help fix problems in the code when they arise. To do that, you need a way to peer
into the inner workings of the application, from the server's perspective. Outputting
variable values at different points in the program is a simple technique for debugging
in PHP, to see what is changing and where.
PHP | 121
The echo( ) construct is one way to output data: when it's executed, the variables that
come after it are evaluated and displayed in the terminal or browser for all to see. For
example:
$debug = 1;
if ($debug) { echo $div_info; }
You probably don't want a bunch of debugging text to show up in a production site,
but for early coding and in development servers, being able to see values change is
worthwhile. I sometimes build a debugging switch into the code that allows me to
change one value high in the code that will tell all of my debugging output to display.
There is another command—print( )—that does the same thing. "What's the difference between echo( ) and print( )?" is a common question about PHP. The quick answer is, "Not much. Use what you want." However, there are some subtle differences
that can affect your coding decisions. First, echo( ) is a little faster, since it doesn't return
any value (print( ) will return a Boolean to indicate success, which might be important
for logic flow). The other important difference is that echo( ) can accept multiple parameters, so you can concatenate strings together with commas. For print( ), only one
string is allowed as a parameter.
For arrays, output becomes a little more complicated; all of the keys and values run
together, making it very difficult to read. Fortunately, PHP has a special function for
investigating array contents, called print_r( ), that will display the contents of an array
in a way formatted to be readable by humans. Similarly, the var_dump( ) function will
iterate through arrays and objects, displaying all of the information they contain and
indenting to show how the content structure is nested:
print_r ($array);
var_dump ($array);
Finally, there is the exit( ) command, discussed earlier in the section "Controlling the
Flow of Logic" on page 106. If your application does a lot of things, such as writing to
a database or changing saved states that you might later need to revert, a well-placed
exit( ) will save you some headaches by killing the application at the desired point.
Just remember to remove it after you figure out a solution to the coding problem!
MySQL
There are a number of reasons it may become necessary to store data outside of your
application in order to support what it does. We do this when we want to pre-populate
web forms with saved information, and when we want to show only a part of a larger
data set. The raw information is stored in a database. A database can take many forms,
including a simple text file where you write the information you want to retrieve later.
The dominant form of database, however, is the relational database management system (RDBMS).
122 | Chapter 3: Web Programming Basics
MySQL is one widely distributed relational database system that is commonly installed
on web hosting servers for your use. You may be limited to creating a certain number
of databases. If so, don't worry; in this book we'll only use one.
The Structured Query Language (SQL) has been around in some form
for almost four decades. One of the criticisms of the language is that
different servers have slightly different syntax variations, so SQL statements that run well in Microsoft SQL won't necessarily work in MySQL.
This book deals specifically with MySQL syntax.
MySQL databases can be very powerful. The interaction with a typical web application,
though, boils down to a handful of statements for the following tasks: creating tables,
selecting data, inserting new data, updating existing data, and deleting data you no
longer want.
Creating a New Table
When you first create a database, there is no there there. It is just an empty shell; you
could use PHP to connect to it, but that's it. To make it a useful place to store and filter
data, you must first create a structure to contain the data.
The CREATE TABLE statement accomplishes this by describing the fields each row, or
tuple, of data can store. Each field is assigned a name and a data type, plus other information about its size, default value, and whether it can accept NULL


text:
These three MAP events are associated with different flow regimes: stable statification with blocked flow during IOP8, and unstable or potentially unstable conditions with flow over during IOP2a and IOP3.
In response to these different flow regimes, the numerical simulations exhibit a contrasted behaviour in the microphysical structure of the clouds. In the case of IOP8, cloud tops hardly reach the height of 5 km and the prominant microphysical processes are typical of stratiform clouds: coalescence below the freezing level, and vapor deposition above. In the case of IOP2a and IOP3, the cloud systems are much deeper and the contribution of ice microphysics is more important and more active. In both cases the dominant microphysical process above the freezing level is clearly the riming but only the case of IOP2a produces a thick layer of graupel and provides the conditions for the generation of hail in a significant amount. These results are in close agreement with the observations of the polarimetric radar S-Pol.


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iscussion 2: On Olive Senior's "The Pain Tree" and Ana Menéndez's "Her Mother's House"
 Your initial post is due by midnight (11:59 PM) on Thursday. You must write at least 400 words on Olive Senior's "The Pain Tree" and Ana Menéndez's "Her Mother's House" (in other words, at least 200 words for each story).
 Instead of relying on plot summary you will support your interpretation by using and analyzing textual evidence. When you quote the story make sure you cite the page number: for instance, after the quotation put the page number in parenthesis (60). Avoid writing out "on page 60". When you quote a passage from the story make sure you introduce the context and that you are analyzing the meaning of what you quoted.
I encourage your own formulations, but address the following prompts (you can address them in any order and be sure to write at least three or more paragraphs):
 1. In the short stories, you are going to encounter protagonists attempting to reconnect and remember (as in "putting together again") their Caribbean "home" spaces. How have their perceptions of their Caribbean homelands been shaped by their parents? What new perceptions do they gain and how does this transform their view of themselves and their history?
 2. Victor Shklovsky argues that ostranenie ("making strange" in Russian, and also translated as estrangement/defamiliarization) is the essence of literature. Where in the two stories do we encounter descriptions of estranged perception? Analyze the significance of these moments in the stories. Be sure to consult and cite Shkovsky's essay (especially his definition of ostranenie on page 80) to support your analysis.
 3. For our annotation assignment, we learned how to notice patterns and overlooked meanings that helped us understand "Sonny's Blues" more fully. In "The Pain Tree" and "Her Mother's House" what patterns, connections or implied meanings did you notice structuring the stories?
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Religious heritage
Ako vam se sviđa ova objava, podijelite ju sa svojim prijateljima
Franciscan monastery and Saint Philip and Jacob Church
Franciscan Museum
The faith lies deep within the very essence of a Croat. It is his purpose, refuge, strength, his stronghold and hope. It is everything to him.
It has always been that way, so Vukovar makes no exception. Ever since they came to the area, the Franciscans remained a constant, those who had always been there for the people, never letting them down.
They were the strength and consolation in the hard times and a dear friend in the good times, a friend people always shared their joy and success with.
The witness of the bond and the proof of the dedication and spirituality is the rich religious heritage of the town of Vukovar, which constantly grows and is enriched by new elements.
The recently opened Franciscan Museum Vukovar is especially attractive and impressive. It stands witness to the Vukovar's rich cultural heritage, reminding the visitors of the centuries-long Franciscan engagement in Vukovar, encompassing not only religious matters, but also science, culture and history. In addition, the museum will not allow numerous people who had been preserving and renewing Vukovar's cultural heritage to be forgotten. This includes friar Marko Kurolt who should be given credit for taking a great number of artistic works, especially books, away from Vukovar and storing them at Franciscan monastery in Zemun in December 1991, from where the heritage was returned to Vukovar in 2001 and made available to the visitors of the museum after the restoration.
After the renewal of the Franciscan complex featuring the museum with several floors, the visitors can now visit the treasury of valuable artistic heritage, the old masters' picture gallery and the library of rare books. They can also visit the church, the crypt, the bell tower and the cloister, the new library and the reading room, as well as other attractions such as the wine cellar and the gift shop, including the open area with the St Boniface pastoral centre and a belvedere overlooking the Danube.
Franciscan monastery Vukovar
Samostanska 5, 32000 Vukovar
Tel: 00385 32 441 3
In addition to St Philip and Jacob Church and the Franciscan monastery, there are following Roman Catholic churches in Vukovar:
Queen of Martyrs Church, Ul. Vlahe Bukovca 46, 32000, Vukovar
Church of Our Lady of Fatima, Lička ul. 23A, 32000 Vukovar
Church of St Joseph the Worker, The Parish Office: Lička ul. 23A, 32000 Vukovar
Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Help of Christians in Sotin
Numerous religious communities are active in Vukovar, with their religious buildings being true treasuries of valuables, but each of them also providing protection and the so much needed peace.
Visit them!
Orthodox churches:
Church of St Nicholas, Ulica Europske unije 48, 32000 Vukovar
Church of St Stephen of Dečani, Ul. Vile Velebita 162, 32000 Vukovar
Chapel of St Paraskeva (Petka) of Good Water, Adica 1, 32000 Vukovar
Orthodox Church of Christ the King, Tri ruže 33, 32000 Vukovar
Christian Adventist Church, 204. Vukovarske brigade 22, 32000 Vukovar
The Evangelical Pentecostal Church in Croatia, Trg Drvena pijaca 2, 32000 Vukovar
The Baptist Church of Vukovar, 204. Vukovarske brigade 74, 32000 Vukovar
Hrvatska turistička zajednica
Ministarstvo turizma RH
Grad Vukovar
Hrvatska gospodarska komora
Turistička zajednica Vukovarsko-srijemske županije


TMT Libraries
Sharjah, UAE
ANARCHITECT was commissioned to design a public library as part of an initiative between the Government of Sharjah and Knowledge without Borders in support of '2016 - Year of Reading', aimed to make reading and books more approachable within a cultural and new contextual condition within the Emirate.
The practice created two mirroring library TMT structures (Thermally modified timber), one containing Philosophical and the other Psychological literature that would engage in a physical dialogue with one another in multiple configurations around an unexpected piece of nature (tree, or shrub) occurring in the urban realm.
We developed subtle differences between each library in a way that one of the structures would be oriented towards the courtyard, darker, and suitable for introspection of one's own mind and emotions, and the other would be more open and transparent, letting its readers observe the surroundings and responding and embracing the natural sunlight.
Client: Sharjah Investment & Development Authority (Shurooq)
Project Status: Design delivered for Construction
Area: 250 sqm


text:
the importance of the energy storage technologies, they permit restoring the balance and reducing the drawbacks of intermittence of the renewable energies. This paper discusses the modeling and the cost-effectiveness of an isobaric adiabatic compressed air energy storage (IA-CAES) system. The proposed system is a combination among a compressed air energy storage (CAES) system with pumped hydro storage system and thermal energy storage system. The aim of this combination is to overcome the disadvantages of the conventional CAES system such as the losses due to the storage pressure variation, the loss of the compression heat and the use of fossil fuel sources. A steady state model is developed to perform an energy and exergy analyses of the IA-CAES system and calculate the distribution of the exergy losses in the latter system. A sensitivity analysis is also carried out to estimate the effects of some key parameters on the system's efficiency, such as the pinch of the heat exchangers, the isentropic efficiency of the rotating machinery and the pressure losses. The conducted sensitivity analysis is a local analysis since the sensibility of each parameter changes with the variation of the other parameters. Therefore, an exergoeconomic study is achieved as well as a cost optimization in order to reduce the electricity cost produced during the production phase. The optimizer used is OmOptim which is a genetic algorithms based optimizer.
Series-Parallel Systems Reliability Optimization Using Genetic Algorithm and Statistical Analysis
The main objective of this paper is to optimize series-parallel system reliability using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and statistical analysis; considering system reliability constraints which involve the redundant numbers of selected components, total cost, and total weight. To perform this work, firstly the mathematical model which maximizes system reliability subject to maximum system cost and maximum system weight constraints is presented; secondly, a statistical analysis is used to optimize GA parameters, and thirdly GA is used to optimize series-parallel systems reliability. The objective is to determine the strategy choosing the redundancy level for each subsystem to maximize the overall system reliability subject to total cost and total weight constraints. Finally, the series-parallel system case study reliability optimization results are showed, and comparisons with the other previous results are presented to demonstrate the performance of our GA.
Experimental Analysis of Tuned Liquid Damper (TLD) with Embossments Subject to Random Excitation
Tuned liquid damper is one the passive structural control ways which has been used since mid-1980 decade for seismic control in civil engineering. This system is made of one or many tanks filled with fluid, mostly water that installed on top of the high raised structure and used to prevent structure vibration. In this article we will show how to make seismic table contain TLD system and analysis the result of using this system in our structure. Results imply that when frequency ratio approaches 1 this system can perform its best in both dissipate energy and increasing structural damping. And also results of these serial experiments are proved compatible with Hunzer linear theory behaviour.
Power Flow and Modal Analysis of a Power System Including Unified Power Flow Controller
The Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) technology is a new advanced solution that increases the reliability and provides more flexibility, controllability, and stability of a power system. The Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC), as the most versatile FACTS device for regulating power flow, is able to control respectively transmission line real power, reactive power, and node voltage. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of the UPFC on the load flow, the power losses, and the voltage stability using NEPLAN software modules, Newton-Raphson load flow is used for the power flow analysis and the modal analysis is used for the study of the voltage stability. The simulation was carried out on the IEEE 14-bus test system.
Time-Frequency Modelling and Analysis of Faulty Rotor
In this paper, de Laval rotor system has been characterized by a hinge model and its transient response numerically treated for a dynamic solution. The effect of the ensuing non-linear disturbances namely rub and breathing crack is numerically simulated. Subsequently, three analysis methods: Orbit Analysis, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Wavelet Transform (WT) are employed to extract features of the vibration signal of the faulty system. An analysis of the system response orbits clearly indicates the perturbations due to the rotor-to-stator contact. The sensitivities of WT to the variation in system speed have been investigated by Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT). The analysis reveals that features of crack, rubs and unbalance in vibration response can be useful for condition monitoring. WT reveals its ability to detect non-linear signal, and obtained results provide a useful tool method for detecting machinery faults.
Sliding Mode Control of a Bus Suspension System
The vibrations, caused by the irregularities of the road surface, are to be suppressed via suspension systems. In this paper, sliding mode control for a half bus model with air suspension system is presented. The bus is modelled as five degrees of freedom (DoF) system. The mathematical model of the half bus is developed using Lagrange Equations. For time domain analysis, the bus model is assumed to travel at certain speed over the bump road. The numerical results of the analysis indicate that the sliding mode controllers can be effectively used to suppress the vibrations and to improve the ride comfort of the busses.
Performance Analysis of Multichannel OCDMA-FSO Network under Different Pervasive Conditions
To meet the growing need of high data rate and bandwidth, various efforts has been made nowadays for the efficient communication systems. Optical Code Division Multiple Access over Free space optics communication system seems an effective role for providing transmission at high data rate with low bit error rate and low amount of multiple access interference. This paper demonstrates the OCDMA over FSO communication system up to the range of 7000 m at a data rate of 5 Gbps. Initially, the 8 user OCDMA-FSO system is simulated and pseudo orthogonal codes are used for encoding. Also, the simulative analysis of various performance parameters like power and core effective area that are having an effect on the Bit error rate (BER) of the system is carried out. The simulative analysis reveals that the length of the transmission is limited by the multi-access interference (MAI) effect which arises when the number of users increases in the system.
Application of Modal Analysis for Commissioning of a Ball Screw System
Ball screws are an important component in machine tools. In mechatronic systems and machine tools, a ball screw has to work usually at a high speed. Otherwise the axial compliance of the ball screw, in combination with the inertia of the slide, the motor, the coupling and the screw, will cause an oscillation resonance, which limits the systems bandwidth and consequently influences performance of the motion controller. In this paper, the modal analysis method by measuring and analysing the vibrating parameters of the ball screw system to determine the dynamic characteristic of existing structures is used. On the one hand, the results of this study were obtained by the theoretical analysis and the modal testing of a ball screw system test station with the help of an impact hammer, respectively using excitation by motor. The experimental study showed oscillating forms of the ball screw for each frequency and obtained eigenfrequencies of the ball screw system. On the other hand, in this research a simulation with the help of the numerical modal analysis in order to analyse the oscillation and to find the eigenfrequencies of the ball screw system is used. Furthermore, the model order reduction by modal reduction and also according to Guyan is carried out. On the basis of these results a secure and also rapid commissioning of the control loops with regard to operating in their optimal function is targeted.
Experimental Analysis of Tuned Liquid Damper (TLD) for High Raised Structures
Tuned liquid damper is one the passive structural control ways which has been used since mid-1980 decade for seismic control in civil engineering. This system is made of one or many tanks filled with fluid, mostly water that installed on top of the high raised structure and used to prevent structure vibration. In this article, we will show how to make seismic table contain TLD system and analysis the result of using this system in our structure. Results imply that when frequency ratio approaches 1 this system can perform its best in both dissipate energy and increasing structural damping. And also results of these serial experiments are proved compatible with Hunzer linear theory behaviour.
Comparative Exergy Analysis of Vapor Compression Refrigeration System Using Alternative Refrigerants
In present paper, the performance of various alternative refrigerants is compared to find the substitute of R22, the widely used hydrochlorofluorocarbon refrigerant in developing countries. These include the environmentally friendly hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants such as R134A, R410A, R407C and M20. In the present study, a steady state thermodynamic model (includes both first and second law analysis) which simulates the working of an actual vapor-compression system is developed. The model predicts the performance of system with alternative refrigerants. Considering the recent trends of replacement of ozone depleting refrigerants and improvement in system efficiency, R407C is found to be potential candidate to replace R22 refrigerant in the present study.
An Analysis and Design of Mobile Payment System Based on NFC Technology
This research provides the comparative study of different mobile payment system and proposes an efficient solution of mobile payment system. The research involves discovering how the mobile payment methods can be used and implemented keeping user and system interaction under consideration. The implementation of Nielsen'


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i m using a jqgrid on asp.net mvc... i have a specific requirement....The data in the grid is list of values that are to be set on each row... and each row has a Date column... While displaying the grid, i want a different row color on sunday and saturday.. while the rest of the rows are white.. How to achieve this in jquery jqgrid?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
up vote 2 down vote accepted
You can "bring colors" in your grid with respect of setCell method of jqGrid (see this answer as an example) or jQuery.addClass, jQuery.css (see this and this). You should do this after the grid contain is loaded, for example, inside of your loadComplete event handler.
If you want set background-color style on the cell you should understand one small problem. The class 'ui-widget-content' used for every grid row already defines the background-color per background style (!!! not per background-color). So to have effects you should make changes of the background-color style in one from the following ways: 1) just use background: yellow instead of background-color: yellow (see this). 2) remove 'ui-widget-content' class with jQuery.removeClass('ui-widget-content') (see this); 3) change style of the row more explicit like $("#"+rowid)[0].style.backgroundColor = "yellow" (see this as an example). Choose the ways which you prefer.
share|improve this answer

@Rakesh: You don't commented this answer. Is this want you want? You can use for example custom formatting (see trirand.com/jqgridwiki/doku.php?id=wiki:custom_formatter) to place the color in the date column. For example see a simple code in stackoverflow.com/questions/_PHONE_/… additionally to more complex stackoverflow.com/questions/_PHONE_/… – Oleg Nov 15 '10 at 12:34

hi, sorry for late reply.. i just now figured out how to do this.. here is what i did.. by using grid complete. gridComplete: function () {var ids = $("#list").getDataIDs(); for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {var cell = $("#list").getCell(ids[i], "WeekDay"); if (cell == "Sunday" || cell == "Saturday") { $(this).jqGrid('setRowData', ids[i], false, { background: '#086da1' }); // $("#" + ids)[i].style.backgroundColor = "yellow";}}} but one thing i noticed is that i was not able to achieve result with style.background.. the javascript was throwing some error..u can see the commented line – Rakesh Nov 16 '10 at 14:33
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Acronymfinder
What does HDPT stand for?
HDPT stands for High Density Polyethylene
This definition appears very rarely and is found in the following Acronym Finder categories:
 - Science, medicine, engineering, etc.
See other meanings of HDPT
Samples in periodicals archive:
has created new packaging for its Clean Ones High Density Polyethylene Gloves, intended to generate use during the summer picnic season.
In particular, the use of single-site catalysts is expanding in the production of polypropylene and high density polyethylene, although the bulk of demand will remain in LLDPE.


text:
As I'm trying to read through Readwithtajweed, I am confused about the meaning of harakat / count, in regards to Madd.
What is 1 (or 2,3, etc.) count? I've read that it is equivalent to seconds (1 count = 1 second). Are count durations relative to the speed with which I read, like beat/rhythm in music?


text:
Emissions Development Tools
These air emission inventory tools are used to develop the National Emissions Inventory (NEI). The PM Augmentation Tool is software developed by EPA to help ensure complete PM inventories by correcting inconsistencies in submitted data and filling gaps where possible. WebFIRE is EPA's online emissions factor repository, retrieval, and development tool. The SCC Tool is a searchable data base of the source classification codes that are used to characterize emissions in the NEI.


text:
Fifty Dangerous Thing (You Should Let Your Children Do) is the first book from the people who created Tinkering School. With projects, activities, experiences, and skills ranging from "Superglue Your Fingers Together" to "Play with Fire," along with 48 other great ideas, the book is a manifesto for kids and parents alike to reclaim childhood.
Easy to follow instructions, fun facts, and challenging undertakings that will engage and inspire whole households. Why Fifty Dangerous Things? First off, Five Dangerous Things just weren't enough (although the audience at TED thought it was a good starting point). More importantly, there are many "dangerous" things that are interesting, eye-opening, enlightening or just plain fun! And while there are aspects of danger in virtually everything we do, the trick is to learn how mastery actually minimizes danger.
Most of us learn how to walk without toppling over at a very young age, so that walking is no longer dangerous. Next we learn to negotiate stairs. Why stop there? Why not practice and become proficient at walking on the roof or walking on a tightrope? These are just a few of the Fifty Dangerous Things that we invite you to try. Take a peek and step into a world of danger and discovery. 130 pages


text:
The Hebrew words in question are עזר כנגדו (ezer kenegdo).
The Hebrew root עזר means "help" and the word kenegdo comes from the root word נגד (neged). Neged in the OT always means "opposite" or "across from" and negdo means across from him. In Exodus 19:2, Israel encamp neged hahar, opposite to Mount Sinai.
The form kenegedo doesn't appear anywhere else in the Old Testament but is often used by the Sages of the Talmud to mean "corresponding to." In his "The Art of Biblical Narrative," Robert Alter offers the translation "a sustainer beside him" and the more literal translation: "an aid opposite him."
Here is some of Alter's discussion of this passage:
"It is not good for man to be alone. I shall
make him a sustainer beside him (2:18)." [Following this verse] there occurs a peculiar
interruption. We have been conditioned by the previous version of
cosmogony to expect an immediate act of creation to flow from the
divine utterance that is introduced by the formula, "And God said."
Here, however, we must wait two verses for the promised creation of a
helpmate while we follow the process of the first human's giving names
to all living creatures. These verses (Gen. 2:19-20) are marked, as a
formal seal of their integration in the story, by an envelope
structure, being immediately preceded by the thematically crucial
phrase 'ezer kenegdo (literally, "an aid opposite him"), and
concluding with the same phrase...
Eve has been promised. She is then withheld for two carefully framed
verses while God allows the human creature to perform his unique
function of bestower of names on things. There is an implicit irony in
this order of narrated events. Man is superior to all other living
creatures because only he can invent language, only he has the level
of consciousness that makes him capable of linguistic ordering. But
this very consciousness makes him aware of his solitude in contrast to
the rest of the zoological kingdom...
His whole exposition is extremely beautiful and enlightening and I highly recommend reading it. Available on google books here.


text: Crystals are a piece of quartz, most are hexagons though some are irregular. The crystals are found on ruins throughout the cultures. They range in width and length. Some of the crystals have been worked by abrasion. The following example has an encircling groove at one end, and possibly worn as a pendant. Most crystals were not worked and were simply carried in pouches.