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This world is emerging with new technologies day by day. We cannot deny that keeping oneself updated about new technological advancements and trends has become crucial in this era. This blog is going to discuss everything that you need to know about 6G Technology.
- What is 6G Technology?
- What are 6 Pillars of 6G?
- A Brief Comparison: 5G vs 6G
- Challenges faced by 6G Technology
- What are the Common Applications and Use Cases of 6G
- Latest News about 6G Technology
What is 6G Technology?
6G technology is the upcoming sixth generation of mobile system standards for wireless communications technologies. This technology is expected to be released and developed by 2030. A great advancement of 6G is that it will support virtual, augmented reality, holography, and advanced AI application.
6G is designed to be faster than 5G and supports ubiquitous instant communication, pervasive intelligence, and the Internet of things. Terahertz and millimeter waves are expected to be used in 6G networks. AI is also expected to be integrated into 6G networks. AI integration will optimize 6G architectures, protocols, and operations. High security, secrecy, and privacy will be the key features of 6G.
Now let's dive into the 6 pillars of 6G that play a huge role in the development of 6G technology:
What are 6 Pillars of 6G?
The 6 pillars of 6G technology are managed by the Bharat 6G Project. What's more exciting about 6G is that It is designed to extend beyond communications and enable everything to be sensed, connected, and intelligent. These pillars include
- Native AI
- Network Sensing
- Extreme Connectivity
- Integrated NTN:
- Affordability and inclusivity
6G technology will be a distributed neural network. Additionally. this neural network connects the physical, cyber, and biological worlds. 6G technology will be able to facilitate large improvements in imaging, sensing, wireless connectivity, cognition, and artificial intelligence.
1. Native Artificial Intelligence (AI):
The first pillar of 6G is Native AI, which refers to the use of AI techniques to enable autonomous decision-making at the network edge, without the need for human intervention. Networks will feature AI algorithms that can learn and adapt in real-time. This will make the network more efficient, responsive, and intelligent. This will also enable new use cases such as real-time navigation and immersive experiences.
2. Networked Sensing:
The second pillar of 6G is Networked Sensing, which refers to the integration of sensors into the network infrastructure itself. This will enable the network to sense and respond to changes in the environment, such as weather and traffic congestion. By using the data gathered by these sensors, the network can optimize its performance, improve efficiency, and enhance the user experience.
3. Extreme Connectivity:
The third pillar of 6G is Extreme Connectivity, which refers to the ability of the network to connect everything and everyone. 6G will be using a range of different wireless technologies such as terahertz and visible light communication. This will enable high-speed, low-latency communication between devices, making it possible to transfer large amounts of data quickly and efficiently.
4. Integrated NTN:
The fourth pillar of 6G is Integrated NTN, which refers to the integration of different types of networks, such as cellular, Wi–Fi, and satellite, into a single unified network. This will enable seamless connectivity across different geographic locations. Hence 6G will make it possible to support a wide range of use cases, from smart cities to connected vehicles.
The fifth pillar of 6G is Trustworthiness, which refers to the ability of the network to be secure, reliable, and resilient. This will be achieved through the use of advanced encryption techniques, blockchain-based security systems, and other technologies. This will make ensure the integrity and confidentiality of data transmitted over the network.
The sixth and final pillar of 6G is Sustainability, which refers to the ability of the network to be energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. The network will use a range of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, to power the infrastructure. This will make 6G networks more sustainable and environmentally responsible compared to previous generations of wireless networks.
A Brief Comparison: 5G vs 6G
5G and 6G are different generations of wireless communication technology, each offering advancements over the previous generation. Here are some key differences between 5G and the potential features expected in 6G:
|5G Speed||6G Speed|
|5G technology provides faster data speeds compared to its predecessors, reaching peak download speeds of several gigabits per second.||6G is expected to be even faster, potentially offering terabit-per-second download speeds, enabling unprecedented data transfer rates.|
|5G Capacity||6G Capacity|
|5G significantly improves network capacity, allowing more devices to connect simultaneously and handle high data traffic.||6G aims to further enhance capacity, accommodating a massive number of devices, including Internet of Things (IoT) devices.|
|5G Latency||6G Latency|
|5G introduces ultra-low latency, reducing the delay between sending and receiving data to a few milliseconds.||6G is expected to further minimize latency to the sub-millisecond range, enabling near-real-time communication.|
|5G Connectivity||6G Connectivity|
|5G expands coverage to remote areas and improves connectivity in challenging environments.||6G is anticipated to provide ubiquitous connectivity, including coverage in remote regions, enabling seamless global communication.|
5. Emerging Technologies
|While 5G enables new technologies like augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR).||6G aims to fully unleash its potential. 6G is expected to support advanced AI applications, holographic communications, and new human-machine interaction paradigms.|
It's important to note that the features and capabilities of 6G are still being researched and defined. 6G technology is in the early stages of development. Commercial deployment of 6G is likely to occur in 2030, and the specifics will evolve as research and standardization efforts progress.
Challenges faced by 6G Technology:
The challenges of 6G networks can vary, but some of the common ones include:
- Spectrum availability: With more devices and applications requiring access to wireless networks, the need for more spectrum is becoming increasingly important. However, finding new frequency bands for use in 6G networks can be a challenge.
- Energy efficiency: As the number of devices connected to the network increases, so does the overall energy consumption of the network. Improving energy efficiency and reducing the carbon footprint of 6G networks will be a major challenge.
- Network architecture design: With more complex use cases and applications, the network architecture design for 6G networks will need to be flexible and scalable
- Security: Ensuring the security and privacy of data transmitted over 6G networks will be a significant challenge. New security measures, protocols, and architectures will prevent unauthorized access.
- Standardization: As with previous generations of wireless networks, standardization will be crucial for ensuring interoperability.
- Localization of services: 6G networks will require more accurate and precise location data for applications such as autonomous vehicles and augmented reality. Developing technologies and protocols that enable accurate localization will be an important challenge.
Overall, the challenges of 6G networks reflect the increasing complexity and demands of modern applications and use cases. Addressing these challenges will require collaboration across multiple disciplines and the development of new technologies and standards.
What are the Common Applications and Use Cases of 6G?
6G wireless networks will support a wide range of applications and use cases, bringing significant improvements to various industries and sectors. Some of the key applications and requirements for 6G wireless networks include:
- Internet of Everything (IoE): 6G networks will be able to support the massive connectivity required for the IoE. It will enable seamless communication between devices and systems.
- Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR): 6G networks will provide the high bandwidth and low latency required for immersive VR/AR experiences.
- Autonomous vehicles: 6G networks could support the high-speed and low-latency communication required for autonomous vehicles to communicate with each other.
- Smart cities: 6G networks could support connected sensors and devices in smart cities. This will enable efficient and sustainable management of resources.
- Advanced healthcare: 6G networks could support remote healthcare services, personalized medicine, and real-time monitoring of vital signs and health status.
- Environmental monitoring: 6G networks could support sensors and devices for environmental monitoring. This will enable the real-time monitoring of air quality, weather, and other environmental factors.
Overall, 6G networks will improve connectivity and enable a wide range of new applications and use cases that will transform various industries.
Latest News about 6G Technology?
Here are some recent news articles and updates related to 6G:
- Telco executives predict that 6G will launch in 2030, even as 5G adoption remains low. [Source: CNBC]
- The latest issue of the ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies features research on innovative network solutions for future generations of wireless networks, including 6G. [Source: ITU Hub]
- Nokia showcased two of Bell Labs' latest research projects that aim to leverage the potential of 6G networks. Future 6G networks will act as a form of 'radar', sensing objects 3. [Source: Nokia]
- LG has successfully tested 6G wireless data transmission technology that could see wireless internet speeds of up to 100 times faster than 5G and aims to launch a 6G smartphone by 2023. [Source: Tom's Hardware]


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Homology and Analogy Essay: Animal Form and Function Essay Sample
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Homology and Analogy Essay: Animal Form and Function Essay Sample
Similarities of physiology and behaviour due to homology – share common ancestor with that trait or analogy – not due to common ancestor but common due to convergent evoution.
Improvement suggestions: the behavioural homology of crocodiles and birds may be flawed. Also the analogy between fish and mammals could be wrong as the post-anal tail of quadrupedal mammals and fish is a common trait.
Homology and Analogy Essay
Animal Form and Function
Homology and Analogy
Many species share similarities in their structural apperance and behaviour but this can be due to different reasons. A characteristic or behaviour is said to be homologous if it is shared by two or more species and was present in their common ancestor. Homologous features arise from adaptive radiation whereby many species derive from a single or few ancestor species to adapt to different environmental conditions and modes of life. By descent with modification species adapt to new environments by modifying existing charcteristics. Homologous structures are often specialized in different organisms, for example the pentadactyl limbs of tetrapods contain the same basic structure but the bones have been adapted to each organisms way of life.
This is demonstrated by the elongated digits of bats to support their wings, and the the grasping hand of a monkey adapted for climbing. Charateristics or behaviours that are similar in two or more species but not present in their common ancestor are said to be analogous. Analogous features arise through convergent evolution as they have developed separatley in unrelated taxonomic groups as a result of a similar way of life, for example the wings of birds and insects as they do not share a common ancestor with wings. The theory of evolution suggests we would expect a higher number of shared homolgies for closely related species, and decreasing number as the species become less related (Campbell & Reece, 2005; Purves et al., 2001;
Examples of Morphological Analogy and Homology
Fish and Mammals
An example of homology between fish and mammals is the presence of a jaw, providing the ability to bite and chew, which assist in food capture and aid digestion. The Humpback anglerfish, and the Lion both possess specialised jaws, both groups are descended from a common ancestor that had a jaw, and so this trait is described as homologous (Purves et al. 2001;
An example of analogy between fish and mammals is the presence of a flattened tail for propulsion in water. The tails are described as analogous as the whales have evolved from terrestrial quadrupedal mammals and adapted their tails from the hindlimbs of their ancestors. The hind limbs were gradually lost as their skeletons adapted back to life in water. As the evidence suggests whales have evolved from land animals this explains why in mammals such as the Orca the tail flukes are horizontal and move ventrally (up and down), and in fish for example Black Sea Bass, the caudal fin (tail) is vertical and moves laterally (from side to side). The tails are structurally different but have the same fuction of propulsion and so are analogous (de Sarre, 1994; _URL_
Insects and Birds
A homologous feature of birds and insects is that they both possess circulatory systems. As animals evolved from small unicellular organisms into larger multicellular organisms diffusion between the cells and environment alone was not enough to provide nutrients to all the cells in the body, and so animals had to develop circulatory systems to move nutrients, hormones and metabolic wastes around the body. In insects, e.g. Large Marsh Grasshopper, this is an open ciculatory system where the blood or haemolymph bathes all the internal tissues and organs. Insects do not transport oxygen via their circulatory system but have a separate tracheal system to supply oxygen to the cells. In birds, e.g. Bee Hummingbird a closed circulation system transports the blood around the body via arteries, capillaries and veins by the pumping action of the heart. The first animals with circulatory systems probably had a simple open-circualtion which later developed into a more specialised closed-circulation system, and so although the systems are different in structure and the way they achieve circulation, they have evolved from the same original system (Campbell & Reece, 2005; Purves et al., 2001).
The wings of birds e.g. Bald Eagle and insects such as the Green Darner Dragonfly are analogous as they are both used for flight but have evolved separately and the two groups do not share a common ancestor with wings or a structure that gave rise to both types of wing. The structure of insect wings which are extensions of the body wall, differs greatly from that of bird wings which are modified skeletal forelimbs. The support for insect wings are veins whereas for birds the support structures are the bones. Although insects and birds share a remote common ancestor, the wings of the two groups evolved separatley after their ancestral groups had split (Purves et al., 2001; _URL_
Birds and Mammals
The pentadactyl limb is a homologous trait of birds and mammals. The bones in the wings of a bird e.g. Great Tit, and the bones in the legs of a mammal e.g. Arctic Wolf are derived from the common tetrapod (four-legged) ancestor, although during the course of evolution these structures have been modified greatly to adapt to their different habitats and way of life. The limbs both retain the five digit structure at some stage in their development (birds lose two of these during development). In the bird the digits support their wings and in wolves the digits are shortened to allow fast running. As there is no functional or environmental reason why these limbs should all have five digits, however, these bones are seen in transitional fossils of the extinct Eusthenopteron, which lived about 350 million years ago. Birds and mammals both inherited their pentadactyl limb from this common ancestor (Purves et al., 2001;
Feathers and fur, which are both used for insulation by endotherms but differ in their origins are an analogous trait of birds e.g. Spotted Owl, and mammals e.g. House Mouse. As the Aves and Mammalia groups are quite evolutionarily distant these features are analogous – have similar function due to similar environmental pressures
Macropod Marsupials and Lagomorphs
The Macropod Marsupials e.g. Tammar Wallaby and Lagomorphs, e.g. Eastern Cottontail rabbit are both of the class Mammalia and so share many homologous characteristics such as the presence of fur for insulation. Some of the earliest mammals had fur or hair and this successful adaptive trait was passed to their many descendants. As both groups share a common ancestor with fur, fur can be said to be homologous between the two groups.
An example of analogy between Macropod marsupials such as the Red Kangaroo and Lagomorpha such as the Antelope Jackrabbit is that both groups possess large, powerful hind limbs. These are both used for speed and manoeuvrability and therefore have a similar function. However, Macropod marsupials are Marsupialia and Lagomorpha are Eutherians also known as placental mammals, marsupial and placental mammals are very different, and diverged from each other a long time ago on the evolutionary tree. They are therefore unlikely to have a common ancestor with this trait. Instead the trait has arisen through convergent evolution, due to the similar environmental selection pressures on the separate groups
Primates and Xenarthrans
Primates e.g. the Pied Tamarin and Xenarthrans such as the Giant Anteater, are both Vertebrates and so both have a spinal column, enclosed in and protected by the vertebral column. They inherited this feature from a common ancestral vertebrate of the pre-Cambrian era. The spinal cords of the two groups are therefore a homologous morphological trait as the groups share a common ancestor with this trait (_URL_ _URL_
Primates such as the Orangutan and Xenarthrans such as the Maned Three-toed Sloth both have elongated front limbs and specialised hands and feet adapted for their life in the trees. Primates have adapted fingers and opposable thumbs to aid gripping and climbing, this is important as infants cling to the fur of their mother and must have strong front limbs. Sloth's have claws instead of fingers to aid hanging and swinging, and infants also hang to the mothers' fur so strong limbs are needed. The claws and fingers provide same function but are structurally different. This feature is analogous as the two groups do not share a common ancestor with it, but have evolved them separately, through convergent evolution, due to similar environmental conditions
Homology and analogy can also be seen in behavioural traits. Behavioural homology can be described as the similarity of behaviour between two or more species due to a common ancestor with that behaviour. For example the nesting behaviour of birds such as the European Robin, and crocodiles e.g. Saltwater Cro

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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A SAW touch screen uses a solid glass display as the touch sensor. Across the surface of the
glass, two surface acoustic sound waves are transmitted – one for vertical detection and the other
for horizontal detection. Each sound wave spreads across the screen by bouncing off reflector
arrays along the edges of the display, and is detected by two receivers for each axis. The time
at which the sound waves arrive at each receiver is known because the velocity of the acoustic
wave through the glass is known and the size of the display is fixed. When the user touches the
glass surface of the display, some of the energy of the acoustic wave is absorbed by the water
content of the user's finger. The controller measures the time at which the received amplitude
dips to determine the X and Y coordinates of the touch location. In addition to the X and Y
coordinates, SAW technology can also provide Z axis (depth) information. The harder the user
presses, the more energy the finger will absorb.
Not EXACTLY what you need? We specialize in custom and semi-custom display solutions. Contact us about creating something that fits your exact specifications.
At Phoenix Display, we design and manufacture standard, semi-custom and full custom LCD display modules for OEMs. Contact us today and let our engineering team evaluate your situation, then quickly and accurately provide a quote for your display needs.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Weighted Average Credit Rating
DEFINITION of 'Weighted Average Credit Rating'
The weighted average of all the bond credit ratings in a bond fund. The measure gives investors an idea of how risky a fund's bonds are overall. The lower the weighted average credit rating, the riskier the bond fund. The weighted average credit rating is expressed as a regular letter rating (AAA, BBB, CCC).
BREAKING DOWN 'Weighted Average Credit Rating'
To arrive at the weighted average credit rating, the calculation starts with dividing the value of each bond in the fund by the total value of the fund. This gives the individual bond weights. The weight of a bond in the fund determines how much that bond influences the weighted average credit rating. For example, if a bond fund has 95% AAA government bonds and 5% junk bonds, the bond fund would still have a weighted average credit rating of AAA.
 1. Japan Credit Rating Agency - JCR
 One of the key credit rating agencies in Japan. JCR provides...
 2. Junk Bond
 3. Investment Grade
 4. Bond Rating
 5. Credit Risk
 6. Bond Fund
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With its bright pink flowers, the Chilean bellflower or copihue is an easily identifiable plant that is native to its namesake country. As the Chilean national flower, it's also an important symbol of the country's identity and culture.
1. The Chilean bellflower is the only species of the lapageria
Otherwise known as lapageria rosea, the Chilean bellflower is the only species from the genus lapageria.
2. It grows in areas of Valdivian temperate rainforests
Found predominantly in coastal parts of Southern Chile, Valdivian temperate rainforests are characterized by dense understories of bamboo and ferns and trees such as rauli and roble (two types of beech) or in different areas, pehuén and alerce (two species of evergreen conifer) dominating the forest canopy.
The Chilean bellflower is a pioneer species that colonizes disturbed areas of Valdivian temperate rainforests and thrives in damp areas of plentiful vegetation where temperatures range between 45˚F (7˚C) and 62˚F (16.5˚C).
3. Despite once growing widely, the Chilean bellflower is now rare
As a result of poorly controlled logging practices whereby native species are replaced by fast-growing pines and eucalyptus, much of the Valdivian temperate rainforest has been lost. As the main environment in which the Chilean bellflower grows, this has led to this once abundant plant becoming a rare and endangered species.
Although it used to be sold in rural markets, it is now much more difficult to find in Chile.
4. It's the Chilean national flower and a strong symbol of Chilean identity
In 1977, the Chilean bellflower was declared the national flower of Chile, a ruling that made it illegal for people to pick the plant in an effort to prevent it from extinction.
During the Chilean independence festivities held on September 18 and 19 each year, bars and ramadas (makeshift tents erected to hold the celebrations) are decorated with plastic Chilean bellflowers as a representation of Chilean identity and national pride.
It is an evergreen climbing plant
The Chilean bellflower is a climber that can reach up to 33ft (10m) and climbs up shrubs and trees. Its leaves are evergreen, grow in a pendant shape and have a waxy texture.
6. It blooms magnificent, bell-shaped flowers
Named after the shape of its blooms, the Chilean bellflower grows stunning 3in. (7.5cm) flowers made up of six tepals that are deep pink or red in color on the outside and have white speckling on the inside. In the wild, they are pollinated by hummingbirds.
7. It has a long flowering season
Beginning in the summer, the Chilean bellflower maintains its blooms until the fall.
8. But it takes plenty of time to flower
It can take up to ten years for the first blooms to grow on a Chilean bellflower
9. The name copihue has its origins in the indigenous Mapuche language
Copihue comes from the word "kopiwe" or "to be mouth down" and is the name given to the plant by the indigenous Mapuche people of Chile.
10. It now grows in other parts of the world
William Lobb, a plant collector from the UK sailed to Chile in the 1840s and took seeds from the Chilean bellflower back to his country. The plant was introduced into Kew Gardens as well as into gardens in France, where it still grows to this day.


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infused with essential oils or natural scents like lavender or chamomile.
How to Use Heated Eye Masks
Using heated eye masks is simple and straightforward. Follow these steps to make the most of your relaxation experience:
1. Start by carefully reading the manufacturer's instructions for your specific heated eye mask.
2. If you have an electrically heated eye mask, ensure it is fully charged or the batteries are inserted correctly. If you have a microwavable mask, heat it according to the provided instructions.
3. Gently place the mask over your closed eyes, ensuring it covers the entire eye area.
4. Relax in a comfortable position and enjoy the soothing warmth for the recommended duration, usually around 10 to 20 minutes.
5. After use, remove the mask and store it in a clean and dry place.
Precautions and Safety Tips
While heated eye masks are generally safe to use, it's important to keep the following precautions in mind:
1. Follow the manufacturer's instructions regarding heating duration and temperature to avoid overheating or burning.
2. Check the mask's temperature before applying it to your eyes to ensure it's comfortable and not too hot.
3. Do not use heated eye masks if you have an eye infection, injury, or any other eye-related condition without consulting a healthcare professional.
4. Avoid falling asleep while wearing a heated eye mask to prevent any potential hazards.
Heated eye masks have revolutionized the way we relax and care for our eyes. With their gentle warmth and therapeutic benefits, these masks provide a much-needed respite from our busy lives. Whether you're seeking relief from eye strain, relaxation after a long day, or a better night's sleep, heated eye masks can be your go-to solution. Remember to choose the right mask for your needs, follow the usage guidelines, and prioritize safety. So, give your eyes the relaxation they deserve and indulge in the soothing warmth of heated eye masks.
Heated Eye Masks FAQs
Q. Can heated eye masks help with migraines or headaches?
A. Heated eye masks may provide temporary relief for headaches or migraines associated with eye strain or tension. However, if you suffer from chronic migraines or severe headaches, it's best to consult a healthcare professional for appropriate treatment.
Q. How often can I use a heated eye mask?
A. You can use a heated eye mask as often as needed. However, it's recommended to limit usage to once or twice a day for around 10 to 20 minutes each time.
Q. Can I wash a heated eye mask?
A. This depends on the specific heated eye mask. Some masks come with removable and washable covers, while others may require spot cleaning. Refer to the manufacturer's instructions for proper cleaning methods.
Q. Can heated eye masks be used with contact lenses?
A. It's generally safe to use heated eye masks while wearing contact lenses. However, to ensure comfort and prevent any potential damage to the lenses, it's advisable to consult your eye care professional for personalized guidance.


How Service in the California Legislature Ends
The most common way that a term in the Legislature ends is that that the term ends and the officeholder leaves office. But there are a handful of other options:
There have been about 255 resignations since 1849, most recently in January 2015.
83 California Legislators have died in office, most recently in 2010.
Contested Seat
A seat is "contested" when one candidate is sworn into office and another candidate makes a claim that they were the actual winner. This happened most frequently when it took a while to get to Sacramento and candidates had to leave before the final vote tally arrived. When the second candidate won in the final count, they would present the evidence of their victory to that house of the legislature and a committee would determine who had actually won. Seven legislators lost their seats by having their elections contested; the most recent was in 1981.
Seat Declared Vacant
For many years, California law said that officerholders were required to remain within their jurisdiction during their term of service. Leaving the state during the term of your office (which current legislators now do regularly) meant surrendering your right to hold that office. Although it happened several times in statewide offices, this only happened once in the Legislature. In 1853, Assemblyman Horace W. Carpentier left the state and his seat was declared vacant. Don't worry, it wasn't too big a political setback; he soon became Oakland's first mayor.
The Recall
The recall was introduced in California in 1911, since then four legislators have lost their seats in recall elections. Two immediately after the introduction of the recall (1913 and 1914) and twice in 1995.
Removal from Office
Removal from office has only happened once, in 1995, when Dick Mountjoy was reelected to the Assembly at the same time he was elected to the State Senate in a special election. A majority of the membership in the Assembly determined that the Senate election took precedence, and Mountjoy was removed from office as an Assemblyman. (Added 3/30: After reviewing official sources, it looks like Mountjoy was not removed from office, but was instead "disqualified" from assuming office in the 1995-96 Session). Always important to remember that unlike the State Senate, the Assembly does have a period every two years when there are zero members in office.
Expulsion occurs when a house of the Legislature determines that a member has so significantly violated the public trust that they are unfit to remain in office. There have only been five expulsions in state history, most recently in 1905 when four State Senators were found guilty of having accepted bribes. In 2014, Senators Knight, Anderson, and Vidak introduced SR 29, to expel Rod Wright from the State Senate. Coincidentally, if SR 29 had passed, Wright would have been the second Senator Wright to be expelled from the Senate (Eli Wright was one of the four expelled in 1905).
Speak Your Mind


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RESPECT: The Changing Role of Women in the Music Industry
This paper examined trends in the depiction and presence of women in popular music and how the two are interrelated. In order to perform this analysis, the top five songs according to the Billboard Hot 100 charts from every year for the past fifty years (_PHONE_) were chosen. These 255 songs were coded for various indicators, which show how depictions of women have changed over time and how these depictions differ by gender of the vocalist. Through analysis, we found that the presence of women in the Billboard Hot 100 is experiencing an overall uphill trend, and with it the presence of positive messages in female artists' music. However, negative messages are also increasing, especially in the lyrics of male artists and mixed-gender groups. Also, sexual lyrics have increased through time.


PlateSpin Orchestrate 2.0 VM Client Guide and Reference
This guide introduces the PlateSpin® Orchestrate VM Client, including its basic administration environment, which is accessed through an Eclipse* rich client platform. The guide provides an introductory overview of the VM Client, and explains how to install, monitor, and manage VMs.
The guide is organized as follows:
This book is for data center VM operators. It assumes that users of the product have the following background:
Additional Documentation
In addition to this VM Client Guide and Reference, PlateSpin Orchestrate 2.0.2 includes the following additional guides that contain valuable information about the product:
Documentation Updates
For the most recent version of this guide, visit the PlateSpin Orchestrate 2.0.2 documentation Web site.
Documentation Conventions
When a single pathname can be written with a backslash for some platforms or a forward slash for other platforms, the pathname is presented with a backslash. Users of platforms that require a forward slash, such as Linux, should use forward slashes as required by your software.


Five Creepy Spiders Worksheet – Listen, Do, & Color
Can you run like a cat or crawl like a spider? Read the sentence to your students and have them do the action. Then, have students find the picture that matches the action and color it. Finally, listen to the song "Five Creepy Spiders" and follow along.
Contains 1 Page
Difficulty: Level 2
Related Songs


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Rudolf Valenta
Rudolf Valenta
Position: Professor
T +43 1 40400-51080
Further Information
Allergy and Immunology
Research interests
 1. Investigation of the evolution of allergen-specific immune responses in childhood
 2. Development and clinical evaluation of therapeutic allergy vaccines
 3. Development of allergen-specific strategies for preventive vaccination and tolerance induction for allergy
 4. Development of IgE-targeting strategies for allergy therapy
 5. Investigation of respiratory virus-induced exacerbations of asthma, COPD and ACOS
 6. Development of diagnostic tests and immunotherapy strategies for celiac disease
 7. Development of a rhinovirus vaccine for asthma prevention
 8. Development of a therapeutic HIV vaccine
 9. Development of preventive and therapeutic vaccines for hepatitis B infections
 10. Diagnostics and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2
SFB programm "Towards prevention and therapy of allergy"
PhD-Program Molecular, Cellular and Clinical Allergology


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Help us make ponds for endangered freshwater plants and animals!
Help us make ponds for endangered freshwater plants and animals. So far we have created over 1000 ponds with a grant from Biffa Award. Please help us continue our workand donate to support the creation of new clean water ponds for wildlfie.
What is the Million Ponds Project?
The Million Ponds Project will create an extensive network of new ponds across the UK. Ultimately the aim is to reverse a century of pond loss, ensuring that once again the UK has over one million countryside ponds.
A critical element of the project is that these new ponds will have clean water. This is important because most countryside ponds are now badly damaged by pollution, and evidence shows that pond wildlife is declining across the UK. Making clean new ponds is one of the simplest and most effective ways to protect freshwater wildlife.
The Milliond Ponds Project is a collaboration of partners, including major landowners and land managers, led and coordinated by Pond Conservation.
Find more information on why clean water ponds are important, and how to make them in the Pond Creation Toolkit.
The first phase of the Million Ponds Project
Phase 1 of the Million Ponds Project ran from 2008 to 2012. During that time the project:
- funded new ponds and pond complexes for threatened freshwater plants and animals
- provided technical and on the ground support for pond creation
- engaged with and trained a wide range of stakeholders
- published best practice information in the extensive Pond Creation Toolkit, including the BAP species map.
- raised the profile of ponds with policy makers and the media
With the financial support from Biffa Award, the project team worked with landowners and managers to create over 1000 ponds for around half of the 105 rare and declining pond species that are a national priority for conservation action under the UK Government's Biodiversity Action Plan.
You can see the achievements of Phase I of the Million ponds Project by dowloading the Year 4 report here of if you would like a printed copy posted to you please contact the Pond Conservation office.
Phass II of the Million Ponds Project
In September 2012 Pond Conservation and Biffa Award hosted an evening at the House of lords to celebrate the success of Phase I of the project and to launch Phase II - continuing this partnership initiative to create clean water ponds in the landscape.
Read more about Phase II here.
Help and advice
We have provided help and advice for pond creation here.
Everybody can join in and contribute to the Million Ponds Project: register the ponds you've created here.
Make a donation
You can help create ponds for rare and threatened pond plants and animals by donating to the Million Ponds Project. The funds raised will be used to match fund practical pond creation projects - so help freshwater wildlife by donating to the Million Ponds Project here.
If you have any enquiries about the Million Ponds Project or any other aspect of the conservation of ponds, email _EMAIL_

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text: An integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer made of electro-optic (EO) polymers with a dimension of 3×1.2 cm was fabricated as a wideband rf receive antenna. When an electric field is applied to the interferometer arm(s) made of EO material, a phase delay is generated that results in a net imbalance in the interferometer, and thus a change in the output intensity. This output intensity change, which contains electric field strength and temporal profile information, is then read by a photodetector and processed. This antenna was tested in a µ-strip traveling wave electromagnetic cell at frequencies from 100 MHz to 1.04 GHz. The test results show the antenna had a good linear response over a 70-dB power range. The lowest possible measured Emin was about 4 mV/m (or 2.1 pW/cm2) at 1-kHz resolution bandwidth with a laser power of 0.4 mW (–4 dBm) measured after the sensor. The measured E-field signal increases with increasing laser power, which indicates that significant sensitivity improvement can be easily obtained by lowering passive losses. The antenna sensitivity can be further improved by lowering the device insertion loss, optimizing the photodetector and detection circuitry, and using EO polymers with higher EO coefficients.


text:
Situations that make us try to restart the Apple Watch :
- Hang the apple due to wrong operation during software update
- A lot of lag after a long time of use
- Do not install new software from iPhone
When you have the above situations, try restarting the Apple Watch in the following 2 ways:
Method 1: Turn off restart ( Restart Apple Watch )
- Press and hold down the Side button until the start screen appears again
- Slide the Power Off bar (Power Off) to turn off Apple Watch
- After Apple Watch has turned off, press and hold the button next to the hip again until the apple logo appears. Apple Watch will be restarted after these operations
- Note: This process cannot be performed if the Apple Watch is being placed on the charging dock.
Method 2: Forced start ( Force restart Apple Watch )
Apple recommends that users only apply this method as a last resort when Apple Watch hangs an apple or doesn't have any feedback. Do the following:
- Press and hold silent while two Digital Crown buttons and Side button at least 10 seconds.
- After seeing Apple Watch appear apple logo, release both buttons at the same time. Apple Watch will restart.
- Note: Do not conduct Force restart if Apple Watch is in the process of updating the software.
Do not hang / lag while copying photos and music from iPhone to Apple Watch:
- Split the number of pictures that you want to copy into Apple Watch, do not copy too much then Apple Watch will easily hang.
- Copy specific music playlist one by one.
- When suspended, stop the copying process and restart Apple Watch as instructed above.
In order not to hang apples during the software update process, you should note the following:
- The Apple Watch battery is over 50% and it is being placed on the charging dock with the charger (Be careful not to touch it to drop it from the charging dock, the Apple Watch will easily hang or restart, very time consuming).
- iPhone needs to be near Apple Watch during the download and installation process (You pay attention while charging don't hold the iPhone around and lose connection with Apple Watch, this is very easy to cause installation error later).
Basically, the Apple Watch works very stable and rarely hangs / lag / slow. However, when you do, you should try to restart each step as before applying other measures.


text:
Case Study - The Challenge: Saving Energy at a Sewage Lift Station Through Pump System Modifications
|Technology:||Booster Pump, Energy-Efficient Motor|
- Project Overview
- Project Team
- Project Implementation - The Systems Approach
- The Old System
- Alternatives Considered
- The New System
- Lessons Learned
The City of Milford wanted a way to save energy at the Welches Point sewage lift station. By adding a small booster pump to the sewage pumping system, the city reduced the station's annual energy consumption by 36,096 kWh which resulted in annual savings of $2,960. This Motor Challenge Showcase Demonstration project resulted in the City of Milford reducing energy consumption by over 15 percent at their Welches Point pump station. With a total implementation cost of $16,000, the project yielded a simple payback of 5.4 years. The lessons learned from this project will be applied to other sewage stations throughout the city.
The City of Milford, located just south of New Haven, Connecticut, operates 37 sewage stations that serve more than 48,000 people. More than 7 million gallons of raw sewage is transported each year to one of two city sewage treatment plants.
A medium-sized sewage station built in 1963, the Welches Point pump station handles approximately 750 million gallons of raw sewage per year and consumes an estimated 240,000 kWh of electricity annually. It is one of many stations located throughout the City of Milford delivering sewage to the local treatment plants. The system operates with three identical 75-hp pumps which are vertically mounted 40 feet below ground level. The pumps are driven by motors positioned directly above each pump at ground level. Each pump is equipped with a 35-foot floating line shaft that pumps raw sewage to a common header which gradually steps up to ground level. From the common header, the sewage flows through the gravity feed header (shared by several sewage stations) to the main treatment plant. To evaluate the system's efficiency, an analysis of volume flow, operating times, and energy use of the pumps was performed by the Showcase Demonstration team.
|Showcase Team Leader:||Art Berube|
|Company Energy Philosophy:||Changes in energy conservation must take place without any detrimental effects on system reliability. Conservation and reliability go hand in hand in the wastewater field.|
In addition to the sewage engineers employed by the City of Milford, the Showcase Demonstration project team included several consultants from ITT Flygt Corporation, the manufacturer of the new pump used in the project, and United Illuminating Company (the local electric utility) which provided electric metering services.
To determine whether or not energy savings could be realized at the lift station, team engineers developed a test plan based upon the systems approach. The systems approach is a way to increase the efficiency of an electric motor system by shifting the focus away from the individual elements and functions to total system performance. After performing an analysis of the overall performance of the station's pumping system, the project team concluded that reducing pump capacity could achieve significant energy savings.
The old system was designed to operate with only one pump under normal conditions. One of the pumps begins operating when the water level reaches a set high-water level and remains on until the water drops to a designated low-water level. During periods with very heavy inflow rates, two pumps operate simultaneously. A third pump functions as a back-up pump, operating if another pump is damaged or in repair. Each pump rarely operates for more than 15 minutes during each cycle.
The sewage station was designed to handle peak inflow of 3,000 gallons per minute (gpm). The average inflow rate of sewage is 1,700 gpm. Average flow rates from the station to the local treatment plant were estimated at 3,350 gpm during normal conditions and 4,250 gpm when two pumps operate. Each year, the old system consumed approximately 212,064 kWh of electricity to handle 752 million gallons of sewage. Overall system efficiency was rated at 73 percent. To increase the efficiency level of the system, alternatives were considered based on the volume flow rates of the system.
Why Adding a Small Booster Pump Saved Energy
Sewage lift stations are simple sump systems. Water enters into the sump, and when it reaches a predetermined level, the pump turns on and empties the reservoir. A larger pump will generally use more energy than a smaller one because it will operate at a higher outflow rate. The higher outflow rate increases friction losses in the piping, which results in more energy being consumed to pump each gallon of water. Adding the small booster pump to the Milford Station allowed the system to operate at greatly reduced outflow rates during normal conditions, reducing energy consumption significantly.
Several alternatives to improve sewage station efficiency were considered. All centered around finding a way to pump the water out of the sump more slowly, which would reduce dynamic head loss, friction in the piping system, and energy consumption. To reduce the outflow rate, engineers considered installing variable frequency drives (VFDs) on each of the pumps to allow for variable speed control. VFDs can save energy in applications involving fast or frequent changes in flow rates. Because the sump acted as a buffer in this application, the outflow rate did not need to be changed frequently, so VFDs were not the answer. Also, VFDs are not generally recommended for systems with large static heads, like this one. Other options explored involved trimming the impeller or replacing the original pumps. After analyzing the tests performed on the original pumping units, the team concluded that the best solution would be to install a smaller pump to operate at lower outflow rates for longer running periods.
The new system includes a smaller 4" x 8" pump that replaced one of the original three pumps. The smaller pump is driven by a 35-hp motor. This pump operates for longer periods, one to two hours on average, but at a lower outflow rate. The lower outflow rate results in reduced friction in the piping system, which reduces energy consumption. The original two pumps will no longer operate under normal conditions, but will run during periods with heavy inflow rates.
|Energy and Cost Savings|
|Project Implementation Costs||$16,000|
|Annual Energy Cost Savings||$2,960|
|Simple Payback (years)||5.4|
|Annual Energy Savings (kWh)||36,096|
|Total Annual Emissions Reductions|
|Carbon Equivalent||12,404 lbs|
The optimized system delivers sewage to the main treatment plant at an average flow rate of 1,930 gpm under normal conditions. Energy consumption after installing the smaller pump is estimated to be 175,968 kWh per year resulting in a reduction of more than 37,000 kWh each year. Compared to the old system, the new system reduces annual energy use by more than 15 percent, equivalent to $2,960 in annual energy savings. With a total project implementation cost of $16,000, the City of Milford will realize a simple payback of 5.4 years.
In addition to the energy savings achieved, other direct benefits from modifying the system include increased equipment life and reduced equipment downtime and repair. Frequent starting and stopping of the pumps contributes significantly to wear-and-tear of the equipment and increases the associated maintenance required. With the new system, less stress is placed on equipment.
In modifying the sewage station, the City of Milford not only saved energy, it also learned several important lessons that can be applied to other city energy efficiency projects: (1) New energy saving opportunities may be discovered when using a total systems performance methodology. By utilizing this methodology, the City of Milford found an innovative solution to reduce energy use; (2) Additional energy savings may be achieved by adjusting pumps to allow for variable flow rate application. In this project, stepping of pumps led to a significant increase in overall operational efficiency; (3) Replacing the original motors with energy-efficient motors also helps to reduce energy consumption.


Home » Health Conditions » Viral Infections » Other Viruses
What Are the Most Dangerous Types of Bacterial Infections?
There are a plethora of types of bacterial infections such as bacterial infections vaginal and bacterial skin infections, but the most dangerous types of bacterial infections have to be the ones that are or are becoming resistant to antibiotics.
Types Of Bacterial Infections
Why are resistant bacterial infections on the rise anyways? There are two main reasons that are closely related. One of the reasons is mutation, evolvement and adaptation of bacteria that happen faster than other species. Their life spans are short and because of this they are able to make the evolutionary changes to resist antibiotics. For example, the types of bacterial infections that are resistant to penicillin alter the structure of their cell membrane so penicillin (which works by going into the cell membrane and destroying the bacteria) is rendered useless. Another reason that more resistant types of bacterial infections are showing up is overusing of antibacterial products. We have hand sanitizers and antibacterial soap and in addition, doctors tend to over prescribe antibiotics instead of allowing our bodies to fight off the infection naturally. While antibiotics are useful, our bodies do have natural defense mechanisms against most bacterial infections and the use of antibiotics is not always necessary.
Staphylococcus aureus is a common bacterium that is responsible for the most common types of bacterial infection. It is often contracted in hospitals and has been in the news lately as becoming one of the most antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria, called MRSA.
In order to fix this problem we need to create better and more efficient antibiotics, learn more about infection control and prescribe antibiotics only when necessary to avoid rapid mutation of common bacteria.


MouseLeave Event
UIElement.MouseLeave Event
Occurs when the mouse (or the stylus) leaves the bounding area of a UIElement.
Namespace: System.Windows
Assembly: System.Windows (in System.Windows.dll)
public event MouseEventHandler MouseLeave
The MouseLeave event is raised in response to the mouse (or the stylus) leaving the object's bounding area.
You can define multiple MouseLeave events for objects in XAML content. However, if a child object and its parent object both define a MouseLeave event, the parent object's MouseLeave event occurs before the child object's MouseLeave event. This is not a case of a bubbling event; it indicates only that the mouse (or the stylus) has entered both objects, potentially at different times depending on the object layout and composition of the visual tree.
Unlike the MouseEnter event, the MouseLeave event does not provide the mouse (or the stylus) position in event data, because the position of the mouse pointer relative to the object is unknown when it is out of bounds. Because it is always null, you generally should not use the event data from your MouseLeave event handler, although you may still be interested in the sender parameter.
MouseLeave and OnMouseLeave
Controls that inherit MouseLeave can provide handling for the event that acts as handler for all instances, by overriding the OnMouseLeave method. OnMouseLeave can be useful either for setting visual state, or for public or internal state properties. For instance, Slider implements OnMouseLeave in order to check the Thumb element's value for IsDragging (which cancels a particular behavior mode), and also to set visual state. For more information, see OnMouseLeave.
Supported in: 5, 4, 3
Silverlight for Windows Phone
Supported in: Windows Phone OS 7.1, Windows Phone OS 7.0
Community Additions
© 2015 Microsoft


why is it called kidnapping for adults
What is the best way to fold a fitted sheet? In any case, the etymology appears to be inconclusive. This thread is archived. Source: Definition of "kidnap" on wiktionary.org. Vote on the post to say if you agree or disagree. Close. the broader sense that it has today. How do you Find Free eBooks On-line to Download? Kidnapping for ransom is the first thought that comes to mind when one considers abduction and kidnapping but in reality many charges of kidnapping relate to child custody disputes in which a parent removes a child from the custody of the other parent and/or the jurisdiction of the court. This thread is archived. I was kidnapped when I was 10. The material on this site can not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with prior written permission of Multiply. But I still think that adults can be "kidnapped" as well, though the legal term I think is often abduction. save. Sort by. Section 359 of the Indian Penal Code deals with what is 'Kidnapping'. Why don't libraries smell like bookstores? By using our Services or clicking I agree, you agree to our use of cookies. Close. 1)For money 2)For revenge 3)For proving a point 4)For sport 5)Egoistic-Jingostic complex 6)Mental disorder 7)For maybe some physical torture. Sort by. Why are adults "kidnapped" and not "mannapped"? I smell discrimination. In earlier times kidnapping meant carrying a person away to another country for involuntary servitude. Every adult I know wants to nap, so that sounds like something extremely positive. They knew my mother's full name and the names of everyone in my family. I was 11 when I was kidnapped. save hide report. best. The verb kidnap is recorded Around 1850, the word started being applied to adults as well...for some reason. kidnapping definition: 1. an occasion when someone is kidnapped 2. an occasion when someone is kidnapped. Originally, "kidnap" specifically referred to nabbing a kid. Kidnapping is a very serious charge that brings significant penalties. Some synonyms of kidnap are abduct, or take hostage. 50% Upvoted. Section 360 of the Code says that when a person is conveyed beyond the limits of India without that per… I was kidnapped for the sex trade for 4 months. share. Sort by. those who perpetrate this crime. Kidnapping of children is usually by one parent against the wishes of a parent or guardian. 75% Upvoted. But it's important to remember that most kids pass through childhood safely. It seems beyond reason. Guest Sun Dec 30, 2007 2:23 pm GMT <
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text:
The interprocedural parallelization analysis described in the previous sections is implemented as part of the Stanford SUIF compiler. This section provides an empirical evaluation of the results of the parallelization analysis on a collection of benchmark programs.
Previous evaluations of interprocedural parallelization systems have provided static measurements of the number of additional loops parallelized as a result of interprocedural analysis [13,14,18,24]. We have compared our results with the most recent of these empirical studies, which examines the SPEC89 and PERFECT benchmark suites . When considering only those loops containing calls for this set of 16 programs, the SUIF system is able to parallelize greater than five times more of these loops . The key difference between the two systems is that SUIF contains full interprocedural array analysis, including array privatization and reduction recognition (see Section 5).
Static loop counts, however, are not good indicators of whether parallelization will be successful. Specifically, parallelizing just one outermost loop can have a profound impact on a program's performance. Dynamic measurements provide much more insight into whether a program may benefit from parallelization. Thus, in addition to static measurements on the benchmark suites, we also present a series of results gathered from executing the programs on a parallel machine. We present overall speedup results, as well as other measurements on some of the factors that determine the speedup. We also provide results that identify the contributions of the analysis components of our system, focusing on the advanced array analyses.


text:
tactile sensor experiments: feedback and modulating electrical flow
This experiment uses a stroke sensor pad made from conductive thread and nonconductive thread, conductive fabric, and neoprene. The sensor acts as a variable to control the rhythm and pattern of the led sequence. The rhythmic pattern can be seen as an electrical flow, that is then manipulated by touching the sensor.
This experiment uses a plush tactile sensor that is made from conductive fabric, foam, and neoprene. This allows for a pliable sense of touch. The sensor then triggers a vibration motor and a mini LED.
Using an FSR sensor, which detects physical pressure by squeezing and weight, to control an LED. The harder the pressure sent to the sensor, the brighter the LED appears. The experiment was done with five users to see how they interacted with the touch sensor.
Data received from input device (FSR sensor):


text:
Commonly available airless spray equipment systems can be powered by a variety of means and are offered in a wide range of sizes and performance capabilities.
- Hand held cordless electric airless spray guns battery powered.
- Hand held electric airless spray guns mains powered.
- Hydraulic diaphragm mains electric or petrol powered airless spray pump equipment.
- Mains electric powered reciprocating piston airless spray pump equipment.
- Petrol engine powered reciprocating piston airless spray equipment with electric clutches.
- Hydraulic powered airless piston pumps using either electric motors or petrol powered motors to provide hydraulic power.
- Pneumatic compressed air driven reciprocating airless piston pump equipment.
Airless spray systems in any of the above categories atomise fluid or liquid including paints and coatings by forcing the fluid through a small nozzle or orifice at high pressure. As the liquid passes through the small nozzle or airless spray tip at high pressure the liquid is atomised into a fine spray. The effect is similar to restricting the flow of water from a standard garden hose by placing your finger over the end of the hose and restricting the flow of water until the water becomes a spray of water.
Never place fingers or any other body part near any outlet on an airless spray unit as the extremely high pressure can cause serious injury.
- Cordless Airless
- Diaphragm Airless
- Electric Airless
- Hand Held Airless Sprayer
- Hydraulic Airless
- Petrol Airless
- Piston Airless
- Pneumatic Airless


Advertisement
Convergence of Solutions of Some Allen-Cahn Equations to Brakke's Mean Curvature Flow
 - Gui-Chun Jiang
 - Chang-Jian Wang
 - Gao-Feng ZhengEmail author
Article
Abstract
The convergence of solutions of the parabolic Allen-Cahn equation with potential \(K\) and a transport term \(u\) to a generalized Brakke's mean curvature flow is established. More precisely, we show that a sequence of Radon measures, associated to the solutions to the parabolic Allen-Cahn equation, converges to a weight measure of an integral varifold. Moreover, the limiting varifold evolves by a vector which is the sum of the mean curvature vector and the normal part of \(u-{\nabla K}/{2K}\) in weak sense.
Keywords
Integral varifolds Mean curvature vector Parabolic Allen-Cahn equations Potential
Mathematics Subject Classification
35K58 53C44 28A75
Notes
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to the referees for their helpful comments and suggestions that improve the presentation of this paper.
References
 1. 1.
 Bethuel, F., Orlandi, G., Smets, D.: Convergence of the parabolic Ginzburg-Landau equation to motion by mean curvature. Ann. of Math. (2) 163, 37–163 (2006) MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
 2. 2.
 Brakke, K.A.: The Motion of a Surface by Its Mean Curvature. Mathematical Notes, vol. 20. Princeton University Press, Princeton (1978) zbMATHGoogle Scholar
 3. 3.
 Bronsard, L., Kohn, R.V.: Motion by mean curvature as the singular limit of Ginzburg-Landau dynamics. J. Differential Equations 90, 211–237 (1991) MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
 4. 4.
 Chen, X.: Generation and propagation of interfaces for reaction-diffusion equations. J. Differential Equations 96, 116–141 (1992) MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
 5. 5.
 Evans, L.C., Soner, H.M., Souganidis, P.E.: Phase transitions and generalized motion by mean curvature. Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 45, 1097–1123 (1992) MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
 6. 6.
 Ilmanen, T.: Convergence of the Allen-Cahn equation to brakke's motion by mean curvature. J. Differential Geom. 38, 417–461 (1993) MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
 7. 7.
 Katsoulakis, M., Kossioris, G.T., Reitich, F.: Generalized motion by mean curvature with Neumann conditions and the Allen-Cahn model for phase transitions. J. Geom. Anal. 5, 255–279 (1995) MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
 8. 8.
 Mizuno, M., Tonegawa, Y.: Convergence of the Allen-Cahn equation with Neumann boundary conditions. SIAM J. Math. Anal. 47(3), 1906–1932 (2015) MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
 9. 9.
 Qi, Y., Zheng, G.-F.: Convergence of solutions of the weighted Allen-Cahn equations to Brakke type flow. Calc. Var. Partial Differ. Equ. 55 133 (2018) MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
 10. 10.
 Sato, N.: A simple proof of convergence of the Allen-Cahn equation to brakke's motion by mean curvature. Indiana Univ. Math. J. 57, 1743–1751 (2008) MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
 11. 11.
 Soner, H.M.: Convergence of the phase-field equations to the mullins-sekerka problem with kinetic undercooling. Arch. Rational Mech. Anal. 131, 139–197 (1995) MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
 12. 12.
 Soner, H.M.: Ginzburg-Landau equation and motion by mean curvature. I. Convergence. J. Geom. Anal. 7, 437–475 (1997) MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
 13. 13.
 Soner, H.M.: Ginzburg-Landau equation and motion by mean curvature. II. Development of the initial interface. J. Geom. Anal. 7, 477–491 (1997) MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
 14. 14.
 Stahl, A.: Convergence of solutions to the mean curvature flow with a Neumann boundary condition. Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations 4, 421–441 (1996) MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
 15. 15.
 Takasao, K.: Convergence of the allen-cahn equation with neumann boundary condition on non-convex domains (2017). arXiv:1710.00526
 16. 16.
 Takasao, K., Tonegawa, Y.: Existence and regularity of mean curvature flow with transport term in higher dimensions. Math. Ann. 364, 857–935 (2016) MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
 17. 17.
 Tonegawa, Y.: Integrality of varifolds in the singular limit of reaction-diffusion equations. Hiroshima Math. J. 33, 323–341 (2003) MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
Copyright information
© Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Authors and Affiliations
 - Gui-Chun Jiang
 - 1
 - Chang-Jian Wang
 - 1
 - Gao-Feng Zheng
 - 1
 Email author
 1. 1.School of Mathematics and StatisticsCentral China Normal UniversityWuhanP.R. China
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How to Get Fresh Smelling Towels
24th Nov 2014
How to Get Fresh Smelling Towels
Ever wonder how come clean towels eventually end up smelling...well, not so fresh? If towels are clean, they should smell clean, right? Most times, it is our water being quite hard, mixed with the fragrances of detergents and fabric softeners, that build-up eventually takes a toll on those towels, resulting in foul-smelling, clean linen straight out of the dryer.
The solution? A simple, cheap DIY that just requires baking soda and vinegar.
1. Place your linen in the washing machine.
2. Instead of laundry detergent, put in a generous amount of baking soda (about 1/4 of a small box of baking soda.)
3. In the rinse cycle compartment, use white distiller vinegar (apple cider vinegar is a good alternative to use) instead of fabric softener.
4. Wash with hot water.
5. After the rinse cycle, put the freshly washed towels into the dryer. Out come clean and fresh towels without any hints of vinegar.
The result is fresh smelling towels, but they won't have the smelly residues that the fragrances of the detergents, fabric softener and hard-water create. This method also works for those towels that have been stored in a linen closet for a long time.
Bonus side (laundry) tip - baking soda works wonders on set-in oil stains too.
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To explore 'being' verbs
In this lesson, children will be given a definition of 'being' verbs. First, they will identify the forms of the verb 'to be' in sentences. Then, they will look at plural and singular forms of the verb 'to be'. After that, they will look at past/present tense forms of the verb 'to be' and finally, they will complete a task where they need to choose the correct verb for each sentence.
Play video
 - Click "Close Video"
 - Click "Next" to view the activity
Lesson Complete
You've now completed today's lesson - well done!


Simple Ways To Know If Your Fridge Is Low On Freon
Technicians who work on central air conditioners and heat pumps use manifold gauges to find the Freon pressure and indirectly the evaporator and condenser temperatures by connecting to access fittings on the unit. These gauges have hoses of various lengths and when they are removed from the access fittings some Freon is retained in the hoses. This is not a problem with systems that contain pounds of Freon since the amount retained in the gauge manifold hoses is a small percentage of the correct charge.
Household refrigerators and freezers usually do not have access fittings. This is not necessarily a bad thing. Some refrigerators work with as little as eight ounces of R-134. Connecting gauge manifold hoses to the high-side of the system could leave a large percentage of the charge in the hose when it is disconnected. To connect to the system and read Freon pressure one must use a piercing-valve, which clamps on the refrigerant tubing and punctures a hole to allow pressure readings. These valves must be left in place afterwards and provide a place for refrigerant to leak if they are not clamped tightly or if the seals deteriorate over time.
I only install piercing-valves on a refrigerator or freezer as a last resort. Despite the common belief that almost every refrigerator problem is due to the lack of Freon that is just not the case. Most refrigerator malfunctions are caused by the failure of electrical components. An insufficient Freon charge is one of the last things I consider when troubleshooting a refrigerator that does not cool. FREON LEAKS OUT; IT DOES NOT WEAR OUT. It is unlikely that your refrigerator will suddenly start leaking just sitting in your kitchen UNLESS it is manual defrost and you recently removed the ice from the freezer compartment by using a knife, screwdriver, chisel, or pry bar and punctured the aluminum evaporator coil or an incompetent service person installed piercing-valves that are leaking.
Conditions which may seem like lack of Freon but are not:
Evaporator fan not running which ices up the evaporator and raises freezer and fresh-food compartment temperature.
Condenser fan not running which raises temperature of freezer and fresh food compartment.
Dirty condenser which raises temperature of freezer and fresh food compartment.
Defrost problems (if automatic defrost) which ices up evaporator raising temperature in freezer and fresh food compartment.
Old compressor with worn valves that raises evaporator pressure and temperature.
Worn door seals that allow hot air to leak into the freezer or fresh food compartment (Note: Some Haier refrigerator doors won't seal even when new.)
Clogged filter dryer or capillary tube which keeps the Freon from circulating properly.
All the above conditions make the compressor run continuously or almost continuously, but so does a lack of Freon. The compressor runs continuously because the refrigerator cannot reach the set-point on the cold-control. Keep in mind that if you set your cold control to mid-range and it can't cool to that setting, turning it to max (which asks it to make the temperature even colder) does absolutely nothing.
The fastest and easiest way to find out if the unit has Freon is to turn it off and listen. When a compressor pumps Freon the evaporator pressure decreases and the condenser pressure increases (thus we have a high and low side of the system). When the compressor stops running the refrigerant pressures in the system slowly equalizes through the capillary tube. This can take several minutes. Turn the cold control to the off position and put your ear to the side of the unit. If you hear hissing and gurgling noises the unit has some Freon, which is equalizing through the capillary tube (it may not be a correct charge). If you hear nothing, the unit contains little or no Freon or has a clogged filter-dryer or cap tube OR the compressor is running but not pumping (worn or broken valve). None of these conditions are as likely as having a defective fan, dirty condenser, or defrost problem.
If you hear the hissing and gurgling of Freon, but the unit won't freeze ice or the ice cream is soft, unplug the refrigerator and remove the cover from the evaporator. The evaporator is in the freezer compartment near the evaporator fan. Each model is different so spend a few minutes to figure out how to expose the evaporator. Some GE and Magic Chef models place the evaporator in the bottom of the freezer compartment which makes repairing the defrost system difficult. On an upright freezer the evaporator may be tubes that are part of the shelves so nothing needs to be removed. Chest freezers have the evaporator beneath the inner lining and usually cannot be exposed.
If you remove the panel covering the evaporator and find a big block of ice, you either have a defrost problem or the evaporator fan wasn't running. Sometimes a defrost problem will form so much ice that the fan can't run. Thaw the evaporator and see if the fan will run before condemning it.
If the evaporator is not encased in ice arrange the cover so that the unit can be restarted. This may be difficult if the fan is attached to the panel. The capillary tube is a small copper tube entering the evaporator. The suction line at the evaporator outlet will be much bigger.
refrig_evap
Liquid refrigerant (freon) entering the evaporator begins to boil into a gas because of the sudden drop in pressure created by the compressor. This change of state absorbs heat. The temperature inside the evaporator coil may be -20 degrees F. This will condense and freeze moisture in the air in contact with the coil (which is why we have to defrost). If there is freon boiling inside the evaporator this frosting will occur within minutes. So if we run the unit with the cover off the evaporator and no frost forms we can know that there really is no freon or the the system is clogged. If the unit runs for several minutes with the door closed and the freon charge is correct, the frosting should form all along the length of the evaporator.
Other signs of the presence of freon is heat in the condenser. If the unit has been running for several minutes and the condenser is cold, there is either little or no freon or the system is clogged or the compressor is not pumping.
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101 Comments
Filed under appliance, diagnose and repair, refrigerator repair
101 responses to "Simple Ways To Know If Your Fridge Is Low On Freon
 1. Another technique I have used is to feel the line on the high side. It should be so hot as to be uncomfortable to touch. This sometimes helps as looking at the evaporator takes more time to get to it, but it also is more accurate in determining if the charge is sufficient.
 2. Alex See
 This is really great information. I do have a problem with the fridge since I decided to defrost it. If there is a puncture in the evaporator coil, is it possible to repair it? DIY?
 3. godner
 hi,im n pookwane,the seems to be no where i can learn the refrigeration cource.i the anything you can do for me pleae.i want ton know this!
 4. phil
 Recently have bee smelling strong gaseous odor near fridge area. Burns eyes and smells like nail polish remover. Could it be freon leaking from refridgerator?
 - fridgeman
 Freon has a slight odor, but it does not smell like nail polish remover. Refrigerators contain less then a pound of freon, most less than a half-pound. It isn't likely that an odor would be detected unless the full charge vented.
 5. Mikee
 Thanks for all your great info. I have determined that the refrigerant is low in my under counter fridge, and not one of the other problems. I have all the manifolds and piercing valves. My question is, is it best to add refrigerant to the high side or the low side? (On a car it is the low side, but that's a different set of operating conditions.) Sorry if you have covered this elsewhere.
 6. We moved here 17 months ago & took our fridge with us. It was working fine till about 4 months ago. Then I started getting water in the bottom of my fridge under the two veggie drawers & inside of them ruining my veggies ! I also noticed there was ice built up in the freezer. It's self defrosting. Also got water on top of other foods on the shelves. Now it just doesn't seem to get cold enough. I defrosted the whole thing 2 wks. ago real good. We even took the bottom thing out of the freezer. There was ice built up under it, too. I make my owm ice cubes with trays. Did it last night, & it's still not completely frozen. Is it out of freon? And it still leaks water in there. Had to put a meatloaf pan on the bottom shelf to catch most of the water.
 Thank you
 Mary Sanchez
 - fridgeman
 I would check that the drain line from the evapor


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Breaking myths around farming, towards sustainability
Wall Pepper: A new method in Pepper cultivation.
Wall pepper is a method of cultivating pepper as a mono-crop in a compact area.
Every crop in the plantation has its own characteristics in terms of its water needs, nutrient levels, shade patterns and requires different cultivation techniques.
Though a mixed crop system is a good concept, maintenance becomes a challenge. The cohabitation of the crops gets disturbed as the least tolerant crops get destroyed and the stronger one becomes sustainable and becomes the mono-crop in the long run.
Usually, pepper vines are planted to the shade trees which act as supporting standards and can grow up to 40 feet tall. As the vines grow taller, harvesting becomes difficult and also the quality of the peppercorn will be compromised as the farmers tend to harvest in one lot.
To overcome these challenges, we explored a method of growing pepper at a lesser height. The upward-growing apical tip also called "terminal shoot" is chosen for this method. Typically, the vines grow during the monsoon season and the tender tips harden during spring. We cut the top which has 5 to 8 nodes and then turn them into further cuttings with 1 to 2 nodes each and plant them in a growing bag. It is then raised as done in the regular pepper nursery pots in which the best-rooted plants are selected and transferred to the ground. Gliricidia sticks or poles can be used as supporting standards. This method is already being followed successfully in a few plantations in Kodagu. We call it "Crops from Scraps" as we use discarded plant parts or material for cultivation.
Pepper plants raised through the conventional method are unsuitable for wall pepper cultivation. Wall Pepper can also be called a hedgerow method of cultivation as it requires less spacing between the plants as compared to the conventional method.
The advantages of this method are as follows:
Starts yielding from the first year of planting.
Harvesting can be done as and when corns are matured.
Pruning can be done when plants grow old and get crowded. It is successfully trialed out.
Mrs. Saraswathi Aiyappa with her 5-year-old wall pepper garden at School Estate, Ammathi, Kodagu district, Karnataka.
One-year-old terminal shoot plant in the nursery.


Activist, Environmental and Social Justice Organizations
Honor the Earth
The Honor the Earth Campaign creates awareness and support for Indigenous environmental issues and leverages needed financial and political resources for the survival of sustainable Indigenous communities. The campaign will develop these resources by utilizing music, the arts, media, and Indigenous wisdom to ask people to recognize our joint dependency on the Earth.


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Jo-Anne Duggan Prize
Guidelines for Creative Work and Exegesis entries
A creative work represents any independent, imaginative and unique creative product that may stem from a range of disciplines or a multi-disciplinary framework within the fine arts and visual communications. Creative works may reflect a particular interpretation or argument through their aesthetic quality, or exhibit pure visual effects, or both. Examples of creative works therefore can include: a painting, drawing or sketch; a sculpture; a short story; a poem; any kind of photomedia; a short film; a creative performance. The creative work for submission in the Jo-Anne Duggan Prize may also incorporate more than one artistic genre.
The exegesis is an essay of c.2000-3000 words, which supports the creative work. It should describe the purpose of the creative work and locate it within its historical and/or cultural contexts. It should identify the theories and the artistic practice that you have used in creating the work.
The following points should be taken into account when you prepare it:
- Introduction: introduce the creative work and the conceptual framework which supports an understanding of it; outline where the work sits within its wider artistic, cultural and/or historical contexts, as well as what theoretical and practice-led works have informed the process and end product; also identify the purpose of the creative work, which may focus on your interpretive intentions or the work's actual function; outline the points that will unfold in the discussion of the exegesis.
- Body: developing a discussion over several paragraphs, the body of your essay should address the following points, ensuring internal consistency between paragraphs: the historical and/or cultural contexts; the contemporary theories and practice that underpin the creative work; the process engaged with for the production of the work; the significance – your interpretation and/or the function – of the work. Further relevant points may of course be discussed.
- Conclusion: sum up the discussion points and the overall purpose of the creative work, including any theoretical or philosophical points, if relevant.
- Bibliography: a full list of the works you have cited.


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Social theory for Computer Science Education
A half-day tutorial-style workshop co-located with ICER 2017
When: Wednesday, August 16, from 13:00-17:00
Organizer: Elizabeth Patitsas (patitsas at cs.toronto.edu)
The goal of this tutorial-style workshop is to provide an introduction to sociological theory for a CS education audience. The workshop will provide an overview of major contemporary social theories and schools of thought (e.g. conflict theories, symbolic interactionism, structuralism, poststructuralism).
These theories are widely used in the education research world, and a typical PhD in education involves at least one course on social theory. If you came to CS education research via CS rather than via education, you may find this particularly useful for appreciating and harnessing the wider education literature. No prior background in sociology or anthropology is expected.
Part of the curriculum for the tutorial will be determined by the interests of the participants (as described in their application form). Example topics that we may discuss:
- What is culture and how can we measure it? (e.g. if you make a change to how you teach and you think your classroom culture has been affected, and wish to study it)
- Which groups in society benefit from a computer science education and how do they benefit?
- How does the structure of computer science education affect who gets a CS education, and how can we improve diversity in our classrooms?
- How do CS departments work as organizations/institutions? Tech companies? Other institutions, such as the ACM?
- How do groups in CS (e.g. teachers, security experts) form and maintain their boundaries, and how people gain entry to these groups
- How CS education is affected by — and may amplify — the digital divide
We'll alternate between lessons and group activities. A few major social theories will be introduced, then participants will practice applying the theories to CS education questions. The lesson-then-activity format will repeat itself a few times.
Participants will be expected to do some readings before the workshop, which they will discuss and apply in group activities. Each participant will be expected to read one seminal work of social theory, and a collection of brief excerpts/summaries of a variety of other foundational works. The reading list will be shared with the participants upon notification of acceptance to the tutorial.
To cover the cost of the workshop, there is a fee of 20$USD for each participant.
To participate, apply by June 16, 11:59pm, anywhere in the world (UTC-12) to: _URL_
Participants will be notified of participation by June 24.


Monday, April 30, 2012
Mother's Day Badge
Ready to make an easy mother's Day badge with crepe paper?
It only takes about 2 minutes and your kids will have fun making them.
One 42" piece of crepe paper
One 5" piece of crepe paper cut as shown below
One paper circle
Glue Dots®
Marker or pen
Step 1. Start at the end of the 42" crepe paper strip and begin folding small pleats. They should be slightly angled so they fan out as shown below. Make sure to hold the folds tight so they don't come undone. This will form into a circle.
Step 2. While still pinching the pleats in place use your free hand to place a few Glue Dots® (or 1 Large Glue Dot®) in the center of the crepe paper circle.
Step 3. Firmly press your paper circle on the Glue Dots®.
Step 4. Using Glue Dots® attach the 5" crepe paper strip to the back of the badge and attach.
Step 5. Personalize the badge with a marker or pen.
1 comment:
 1. I am going to have my girls make these for their grandmas.
Thank you for commenting! I read each and every comment.


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If you have not received an invitation link, please drop us an email via _EMAIL_. Before you do, please check your junk mail and make sure the email address is correct. If the email address is incorrect, please let us know so we can update and resend link.
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Pub. date: 2009 | Online Pub. Date: January 26, 2009 | DOI: 10.4135/9781412964623 | Print ISBN: 9781412936361 | Online ISBN: 9781412964623| Publisher:SAGE Publications, Inc.About this encyclopedia
Molefi Kete Asante
Ananse is the name given to an Akan character who has become famous throughout Africa because of his insight, intelligence, and wisdom. One finds the names Ananse, Aunt Nancy, Anancy, Hapanzi, and Nanzi used for Ananse as well. He is one of the most important figures in the pantheon of cultural icons among West Africans. In actuality, Ananse is the functional aspect of the almighty creator Nyame and therefore may be seen to carry out the will of Nyame on Earth. He is able to perform many duties that are often attributed to Nyame. Thus, Ananse can cause rain to come, flowers to blossom, and maize to grow; he can prevent disasters from occurring to the villagers. Along with his wife, Aso, Ananse can change form and may be depicted as a human, although his normal form is a spider. According to the Asante people, who are part of the...


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Monday, March 24, 2008
Kolomoki Mounds - Ancient Civilization of South Georgia
Kolomoki Mounds State Park in Early County, Georgia (near Blakely), preserves one of the most impressive archaeological sites in North America.
Mound A (the main "Temple Mound," seen here) is one of the tallest and largest Native American earthworks in North America. The park also preserves a number of other prehistoric mounds, one of which has been excavated and enclosed in a museum to give visitors a chance to learn more about the unique Kolomoki culture.
At the time the mound group was occupied (before 1,000 A.D.), Kolomoki may have been the largest Native American civilization north of Mexico. The mounds were constructed to form a giant astronomical observatory for use in determining the longest and shortest days of the year.
If you would like to learn more about Kolomoki, please visit our section on the mounds at _URL_


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A Brief History of
Kinds Of Industrial Doors
Commercial doors are utilized to divide different parts of a business framework such as departments or shops. They are also utilized to develop airways between different locations in the building. The choice of product for this type of door relies on the nature of use as well as the anticipated environment. It is usually made from timber, composite, aluminum and often steel. These doors differ in their rates and top quality depending upon the manufacturer. Steel doors are utilized in most business structures since they are really strong. They can also hold up against all-natural calamities such as quakes and floods. Wood is likewise prominent however it requires normal maintenance and also can not be installed very quickly. Composite doors are coming to be a lot more prominent since they need little upkeep and also they are likewise energy effective. They are available in different types of styles and also shades and they are commonly offered as inserts for existing doors. Aluminium doors are the most affordable amongst the types of doors and also they have the least variety of style and technical attributes. The standard needs for these sorts of doors consist of toughness, safety and security as well as adaptability. Along with being inexpensive, they are also extremely durable as well as climate resistant. This implies that they can be reliable even in situation of extreme climate conditions. Plastic doors are thought about to be one of the most stylish of all the business kinds of doors. They are very easy to keep, but they do not supply the very same amount of safety as various other kinds of doors. The most common materials for these doors include aluminium, steel and also fiberglass. Plastic is additionally acquiring appeal, however it can obtain costly due to the fact that it is fairly rare. These doors are available as single doors, double doors and also shatterproof glass. For industrial buildings, vinyl is generally utilized. It has the benefit of being incredibly difficult and also they do not damage quickly. They are also simple to install and also maintain. They can be found in various shades, dimensions and also structures. Steel doors are additionally used for this objective in commercial buildings since they are very strong and sturdy. For residential structures, there is a wide variety of various choices for door kinds. They include ones that are created to handle pressure and ones that have automated securing systems. A few of the most common products for these types consist of light weight aluminum, stainless steel and fiberglass. Along with being budget-friendly, they additionally need a lot of maintenance. Nonetheless, they are perfect for use in homes as well as business structures.


Applicable plans
Sprout Blossom Garden Estate Forest
The emails that you send to your prospects might have via appear in the from address when they receive it. If you want to hide this in your emails, it is highly recommended that you add DKIM records to your domain. The addition of DKIM records helps in delivering the emails properly and also ensures that the email tracking feature on Freshsales works with better accuracy.
Different mailboxes require different configuration steps to be followed.
To add and verify your email domain in Freshsales,
 1. Go to Admin Settings > Domain Verification > Click the Add domain button
 1. In the ADD DOMAIN box that appears, type in the name of your domain, and click Add.
 1. In the Domain list section where your newly created domain appears, click the View DNS record button.
 1. The CNAME records along with their host name and value appear.
 2. Go to your domain registrar's website. You can find your DNS provider using Whois service
 3. Login to the domain control panel.
 4. Open your DNS configuration settings.
 5. Find the page for updating your domain's DNS records. You can find it under DNS records, DNS Zone file, Advanced DNS or something similar.
 6. Add the following records.
 1. Once the records are added, in Freshsales, click Verify to verify the DNS records.
 1. Once a DNS record is verified, you will receive a success message and the status of the record will change from 'Not verified' to 'Verified'.
Note: If there are more than one verified domains, click on the Set as default button to assign a particular domain as the default domain.
 1. Once all the records are verified your domain will have the status as 'Verified' in the domain list view.
 1. Only when all your domains are verified will you be able to add a new domain.
 2. All emails are sent from Freshsales' native email service.
 3. If you have already verified your domain via your DNS provider, you will have to re-verify your DKIM records with Freshsales, as we have upgraded our email service for better email deliverability and anti-spam checks.
 4. To add a new domain, you can either edit and verify the existing domains or delete existing domains and add them again.