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What does being a first-generation student mean?
A formal definition of a first-generation college student is a student whose parent(s) did not complete a four-year college or university degree. However, at Marquette, we understand that this definition may not fully account for the rich diversity of first-generation college students. For example, your parent(s) could have some college experience but did not earn a degree from a four-year college or university. Your grandparents, aunts/uncles and siblings could also have degrees, and you would still qualify as first generation. Some first-generation students come from low-income households. Some are students of color, children of immigrant parents and others are working-class white students.
Despite the different backgrounds of first-generation college students, there is much more that you all may have in common. First-generation college students are often highly motivated and eager to excel in a college setting, but you may also encounter the following challenges:
- You may feel the pressure to excel as the first in your family to make it to college.
- You may find it difficult to relate to your peers who do not share the experience of being a first-generation college student.
- You may have to learn the unspoken cultural norms and expectations of university life.
- You may have to constantly explain the demands and rigors of college life to your friends and family.
(Adapted from Loyola University Chicago)


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This woodland wildflower is somewhat unusual because its foliage has withered away by the time the flowers bloom. Both the foliage and flowers are attractive; the latter help to brighten the gloomy corners of woodlands during the summer. Wild Leek has the widest basal leaves (23½" across) of any Allium sp. in the state. A similar species, Allium burdickii (which is also called 'Wild Leek'), has basal leaves that are about 1-2" across. Other wild Allium spp. have leaves that are narrow and strap-like (less than ½" across). Wild Leek has about 25-50 flowers in each umbel, while Allium burdickii has 10-20 flowers in each umbel. Wild Leek has reddish leaf petioles and flowering stalks that are often reddish at the base, while the petioles and stalks of Allium burdickii are light green throughout. This latter species is restricted to wooded areas in NE Illinois and it is less common.
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source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
- Russia, Germany
- 80 min.
The main thing for a real writer and his readers is texts. A biography is a less significant thing. Most readers of Don Quixote do not know the biography of Cervantes and do not particularly need it. But sometimes the biography of a writer can become an explanation for the incident of a genius who turned out to be unnecessary or unidentified, unrecognized. This is precisely the case of Friedrich Gorenstein, the author of Andrey Rublev's monologues in Tarkovsky's film and the screenwriter of his own "Solaris", the author of the dialogues in Konchalovsky's film "The First Teacher" and co-author with him of the script for the film "Slave of Love". Andrei Tarkovsky and Benedikt Sarnov, Naum Korzhavin and Vyacheslav Ivanov have called and continue to call his books brilliant. Gorenstein has lived in Berlin for the last 20 years. Benedikt Sarnov, Andrey Konchalovsky, Mark Rozovsky, Leonid Kheifets, Vladimir Voinovich, Andrey Bitov, Boris Khazanov, Mikhail Levitin, Natalya Ivanova, Viktor Erofeev, Evgeny Popov and others remember and talk about Gorenstein on the screen. The film also includes archival video recordings of interviews with Gorenstein.
The Gorenstein Worlds educational project

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text: A rocket travels from earth to the moon (distance measured from the earth 384000km) at a speed v = 0.8c. (i) How long does it the trip take according to an observer on earth? Just used straightforward Newtonian mechanics, t = 384000*10^3/(0.8*3*10^8) = 1.6s. (ii) How long does the trip take according to the astronaut? Used the lorentz transformation, t' = \gamma (t - u/c^2 x) = (0.36)^(-1/2) * (1.6 - 0.8/c^2 * 384000*10^3) = 0.96s I believe this part is correct? Now the part I am stuck on is: (iii) What is the earth-moon distance measured by an astronaut on the rocket? Could someone please explain to me the principles behind the calculation? I am finding it difficult to get my head around SR! Many thanks, James.


Light Modifier Glossary
Start experimenting with strobes, and you'll quickly learn that there's a limit to what you can achieve with a bare flash. Without modifiers, you can't control many factors that determine how your photo will be lit. But if you aren't familiar with common modifiers and how they work, tips and tutorials on flash photography can sound like a lot of nonsense. Use this glossary of light modifier terms to increase your versatility with flash photography.
Beauty Dish
Day 171 – salad anyone? by Mathias
A beauty dish is a round, reflective dish around the strobe or other light source that directs the light toward a subject and creates circular catchlights in a model's eyes.
Street Strobist Backstage by Andres Nieto Porras
A diffuser is anything placed in front of a light source to soften the light. Often, it's a piece of fine screen mesh or translucent fabric that reduces the intensity of the light. Diffusers are commonly found as the innermost part of a 5-in-1 reflector disc.
See "Gobo".
Roscolux Gels by Omer Wazir
A gel, or color filter, is a colored piece of transparent film that's placed over a light source to change its color temperature. Gels are often used to balance out mixed lighting sources, for example, you might use them to color correct when shooting in a room that has both incandescent and fluorescent lights.
_IMG3851-Edit by OzAdr1an
Gobo stands for "go between". It is also called a flag. A gobo or flag is anything that goes between the light source and the subject to block some of the light. This kind of light modifier can help with eliminating unwanted reflections in glass or with keeping a backdrop from being lit by a flash.
7dcp3035969-4mm-grid-modeling-light by Wolfgang Lonien
A grid is a honeycomb or similar pattern that's placed over a light to direct the light without diffusing it. The grid creates a spotlight while keeping light from spilling onto other parts of the frame.
Setup by Derek Dysart
A reflector is a board or piece of material used to bounce light back onto a subject. Reflectors are usually, white, silver, or gold, though other colors exist. Commercial varieties exist, but you can also use foam board, a sheet, or any other reflective material as a reflector. A reflector is probably the most common light modifier used by photographers.
The term scrim is often used interchangeably with the word diffuser. Some photographers define it as a type of diffuser that is a piece of material placed in front of the light source with the purpose of softening the light.
Last minute adjustments by Gene
A snoot is a light modifier that is essentially a tube that lets the photographer use a strobe like a spotlight, narrowing the light's radius. It directs light to a small, specific area of the scene.
90/365: SOFTBOX! :: Setup by Andres Nieto Porras
A softbox is a tent-like device that accommodates a strobe. The light is directed through a diffusion material, and the inside of the softbox is often reflective. The main purpose of a softbox is to enlarge the size of the light and soften it.
Strobist by Vikram Vetrivel
R'adys / Swing Shoot Setup by chriscom
An umbrella, in photographic lighting, looks just the same as a typical umbrella used on a rainy day. Shoot through umbrellas, which are usually white, are placed in front of light sources to diffuse the light in a way that's similar to a softbox. Reflective umbrellas usually have a silver surface on their undersides. A strobe is pointed back toward the inside of the umbrella, and the light reflecting from the umbrella is bounced back onto the subject.
A bare flash can certainly create interesting images, but it does have its limits. With a few inexpensive purchases or DIY projects, you can expand the possibilities of flash photography. What are your favorite light modifiers, and how do you use them?
PhotographyVox Newsletter
Profile photo of Nicoal Price About Nicoal Price
Nicoal is a New England photographer with a penchant for learning. Her work ranges from nature-inspired portraiture to outdoor product photography. Visit for more info.
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text: Tarakan city is one of city that is growing in the province of North Kalimantan. In an effort to promote the development and economic development of the town of Tarakan, Juwata Airport is in airport that needs to be upgrade the capacity. The research on the water flow in drainage Juwata Airport is expected to determine the capacity of the drainage channel on. This research uses a rainfall data calculation method partial series and log normal distribution and the analyzed debit calculation where the calculation of the flow rate using the manning formula and then the calculation of input on HEC-RAS 4.1.0. Based on the calculation, obtained the discharge design 0.367 m3/s with a bottom width dimension of the channel plan (B) = 0.64 m: channel height (H) = 1.08 m with high water = 0.56 m while the existing channel bottom width (B) =1.04 m ; channel height (H)= 0.67 m with high water =0.721 m, which in these conditions is not able to accommodate the existing channel of the water discharge.


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A Method for Designing Monuments for River Culture: The Chilean Patagonia Sin Represas Environmental Movement as a Case Study
MetadataShow full item record
This thesis asks how nature becomes a part of identity. It looks to the Chilean Patagonia Sin Represas (Without Dams) movement which halted the building of several hydroelectric dams along the Baker River. Geographical scales are used as a way of showing how a localized infrastructure proposal became a national issue, inspiring protesting far away in the national capital. Design methods and siting strategy are directly derived from this scalar analysis. Abstraction speaks to general national experiences. Complimentary river monuments and rhetorical siting strategies come from different regional identities. The idea of paths and perception show how particular cultures form connections to local landscapes. The result are monuments inspired by each of the protest characters which are situated along the largest protest route in Santiago. These interventions not only give space to the former protestors, but also invite all Chileans to think of the importance of rivers.


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- A first improvement can be to simplify the assembler program to have a more performant program. The program already works but it could work faster if we delete some parts (this will make the program more difficult to understand for a third party but the display will be more fluent).
- It's possible to make a program without using the interrupts (it will be easier and faster).
- You could also build around the tower a wooden structure for example and fix it more harder (if you want to use it in a disco, for example) because the tower is rather fragile. You can also incorporated the microcontroller in this wooden structure to make it transportable.
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source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Have you ever had an onion pie? Apparently this type of recipe has been around for hundreds of years, although to our modern tastes it might seem a bit odd. From the 1767 cookbook, Primitive Cookery, comes an unusual onion pie recipe, which also includes apples and eggs. In fact, most of the recipes in the book are vegetarian and this was intended to cater to a poor demographic that wouldn't have always had access to meat.
Modern versions of this type of pie omit the apples and beat the eggs for an almost quiche result. But, back then sliced, boiled eggs were added, probably to give the impression of replacing meat and giving the eater something to bite into.
Back then the inclusion of fruit in a savory pie was no problem. Many recipes of the day, including mincemeat pies, contained sugar and/or fruit. Sometimes meat was even preserved in sweet sauces. However, today it seems a bit odd since we're used to a savory supper followed perhaps by a slice of apple pie or something else sweet. Have a look at how this pie would have been made back in the 1700s in the video below.SKM: below-content placeholder


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When you examine the playback devices after you start a computer that is running Windows Vista or Windows Server 2008, some audio devices are missing or display the "Not plugged in" status
You have a computer that is running Windows Vista or Windows Server 2008. You examine the playback devices on the Playback tab in the Sound dialog box after you start the computer. Then, you notice one or more of the following issues:
- Some audio devices are missing.
- The status of some audio devices is "Not plugged in."
- This problem typically occurs for HDMI devices that are set to be the default audio device.
- This problem may be resolved if you restart the computer.
For more information on this issue, including potential causes, workarounds, and resolutions, see: Microsoft KB Article KB974868.


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The spotted ratfish is a chimaera found in the north-eastern Pacific Ocean. Often seen by divers at night in the Pacific Northwest, this cartilaginous fish gets its characteristic name from a pointed rat-like tail. The ratfish lays leathery egg cases on the bottom of muddy or sandy areas, which are often mistaken by divers as something inanimate. While mainly a deep-water species, it occurs at shallower depths in the northern part of its range. The generic name, Hydrolagus, comes from the Greek words meaning water, and hare, The spotted ratfish is common in much of its range, not typically eaten by humans (the flesh is bland with an unpleasant aftertaste), and not commercially caught.
Image Size: 25.5"w X 14.5"h
This image is digitally printed on 1 5/8" thick FSC Birch wood panel with archival inks, and sealed with matte varnish and UV coating. (See detail below)


How do you wash an old knitted blanket?
Can you wash a knitted blanket?
Knitted and crocheted blankets often need to be washed by hand. Washing a knitted or crocheted blanket is sometimes a simple matter of tossing it in the washing machine and then allowing it to air dry. Other times, you need to hand wash the item.
How do you wash a large knitted blanket?
Here's what to do:
 1. soak your blanket in cold water mixed with wool wash for approximately 30 minutes. …
 2. if it's required by your wool wash, rinse.
 3. drain the water from your blanket or scarf by gently lifting it and letting the water run out of it. …
 4. spread out some towels and lie your chunky blanket or scarf flat on it.
How do you wash a wool knit blanket?
Regular wool must be washed by hand in cold water to avoid felting and shrinking. Superwash wool can be handor machine-washed on the gentle cycle in cold water. Cotton, linen, and ramie yarn can be washed in the washing machine on a gentle cycle using either cold or warm water.
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Can you wash a wool blanket in the washing machine?
Wash Heavily Soiled Wool Blankets by Placing Them in the Washer with Cold Water and a Wool-Safe Detergent. Place blankets in the washing machine and allow them to soak for 15 minutes in the detergent-and-water mixture. Set the washer to the gentle cycle and let it run for two minutes. … Allow the rinse cycle to complete.
How do you dry a knitted blanket?
Other yarns, such as cotton, linen, and acrylic, can be machine-washed in cold water on the gentle cycle.
How to Wash Hand-Knit Clothes and Blankets
Detergent Gentle or wool wash
Water Temperature Cold
Cycle Type Do not machine-wash
Drying Cycle Type Do not machine-dry
How do you wash blankets in the washing machine?
Cleaning Steps:
 1. Pour the appropriate amount of laundry detergent into the washing machine for your blanket load.
 2. Place the blanket in the washing machine.
 3. Wash on the gentle cycle using cold water.
 4. During the rinse cycle, add the appropriate amount of liquid fabric softener.
 5. Hang the blanket and allow it to air-dry.
How often should blankets be washed?
Blankets will need to be washed depending on how they are used. Blankets that see a lot of direct use and skin contact should be washed every two weeks. Blankets that do not can be washed every few months.
Why is my blanket shedding after washing?
The excess fabric softener residue can cause the blanket to shed more. If little balls have developed on your blanket, that is what is known as pilling. Use a fabric shaver to remove them. … Toss an old garment made of one of these fabrics into the dryer with the shedding blanket.
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How do you care for a knitted blanket?
If you're washing a knitted blanket made of plant fibre yarn such as cotton or linen, it's best to wash it in cold water and on a gentle cycle. In contrast, synthetic fibres such as acrylic can be washed as normal with your other items. Tumble-dry your knitted blanket.
Can wool blankets be washed and dried?
The General Rule for all pure wool blankets is to always wash in cold water and gently wring or roll. … Cold water and gentle washing will help retain the fiber and preserve condition if properly followed. Drying. Air Drying will provide the best results.
Will my wool blanket stop shedding?
No lukewarm or warm water; – WOOL(EN) option on washing machine must be selected; … – Washing your blanket will stop shedding and pilling.
Can I put my wool blanket in the dryer?
To dry wool blankets, it is best to hang them flat over a clothes line outside to support the weight of the wet blanket. … Avoid putting wool blankets in the dryer, as it can destroy the softness and shape of the wool blanket.
What happens if you wash wool in the washing machine?
What is the best detergent for wool?
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Are old wool blankets worth anything?
Wool blankets might have a high price tag, even at a thrift store if they are considered collectible. Hudson Bay blankets with their heavy fulled character and stripes are usually at the high end, along with Pendleton blankets.


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Image Credit: Eco Minded Solutions
Xeriscaping - Plant Zones
Xeriscaping - Plant Zones
This is post 4 of 7 in the series Xeriscaping Isn't Just For The Desert
This is post 4 of 7 in the series
Xeriscaping For Any Climate
LANDSCAPING | Carolyn Feinstein | June 09, 2020
June 09, 2020
So far you've planned your xeriscape, figured out how to amend the soil, and drawn up the drip system, but don't start tearing out the lawn quite yet. We need to go over the fourth principle of xeriscaping - Plant Zones.
This is more than just figuring out what will look pretty in any given area. There are three major concerns that must be considered and addressed when figuring out your plant zones:
Image Credit: Quesnel Cariboo Observer
Here is where you can put all of that irrigation and soil knowledge to good use. Each type of plant will have specific needs in terms of water absorption. As we discussed previously, native species will most likely need little to no additional water, while non-native will probably require supplementation above normal rainfall. For instance, Autumn Sage (a type of salvia) would be a great companion for red yucca in Texas, as they have similar water requirements, however, planting either of these next to a magnolia tree, which requires much greater quantities of water in the Texas heat, would cause the plants to droop or have a stunted growth from too much moisture (and shade, but we'll get into that next). That magnolia would be much happier with shade-loving plants that can benefit from the extra moisture, like hostas or ferns. The plant groupings will allow you to easily determine the different zones needed for your irrigation system ... a drip here, a bubbler there.
Image Credit: Woodlake Outdoor
Although you want to group plants with similar moisture needs, you also want to consider the sunlight requirements for each plant within that group. Too much or too little sunlight can kill your carefully chosen plants if they are not placed with light in mind. Looking at our previous example of the magnolia tree and hostas, these plants coexist successfully because the magnolia bears the brunt of the sunlight while the canopy of the tree provides partial shade to the hostas. If the hostas were to somehow overwhelm the height of the magnolia, the tree would suffer from lack of sunlight. When selecting plants for sunlight, consider the shade they can provide or receive from the surrounding plants. Grouping full-sun xeric plants works well when they have ample space between them to avoid shade from one to the next. Altering the height of your grouped plantings can layer the light exposure, like the magnolia and the hostas.
Another important factor for assessing sunlight is the shadows cast by the surrounding structures and existing trees. Your new house may look like full sun on plan, but the height of the exterior walls, or even sunlight shining through the windows to the opposite side of the house, can alter the amount of light exposure for your xeric plants. If you have planned expansive windows, consider the reflections and how that has the potential to burn your plants. One useful tool I like to use is a sun study. We provide these to clients to assess sun exposure on both the interior and exterior of their new home, any time of day, and any time of year. Moving around the house in 3D, we can see if the 2-story entryway will provide sufficient shade for ferns, or if the walls of the study are too high to provide sun to the Japanese Maple in the front yard.
Image Credit: Ecoscape Design
The last, but equally important factor to creating your plant zones is the wind. The Santa Anas can be majorly destructive to an otherwise well thought out xeriscape. Certain plants, like banana trees, palms, and elephant ears, need protection from strong winds, as this can tear apart the leaves and negatively affect the health of the plant. Planting wind-resistant xeric plants, like shrubs, sage, and native ornamental grasses (please check out the invasive nature of non-native ornamental grasses before you go that direction) can protect your more delicate plants and reduce the amount of clean up necessary after a storm.
Finding complimentary companion plants is the goal to any plant zoning plan. This might mean you have revisit the plant design you created earlier. Allow your plant zones to vary in color, size, and texture. Make sure you are not only creating a smart plan, but a beautiful one as well.


The First Man by Albert Camus
$ 12.00
The First Man by Albert Camus is a 325-page hardcover published by Alfred A. Knopf, New York, stated sixth printing of October 1995. Both the dust jacket and half-cloth hardcover book are in very good condition, with no flaws.
Book Summary
Just published in France last year--thirty-four years after the handwritten manuscript was discovered in the car wreckage when Camus was killed--this autobiographical novel has received extraordinary acclaim ("shattering," Le Monde called it; "a voice that pierces the heart," wrote Francoise Giroud).
The First Man is a radiant, deeply moving novel of childhood. Camus intended it as the opening book of a projected epic--his War and Peace--but in its storytelling magic and its evocative power, it has a satisfying completeness on its own, covering, as it does, the years of Camus's childhood in Algeria. As he recaptures memories of growing up fatherless with a deaf-mute mother and an illiterate, tyrannical grandmother, Camus renders the poverty of a working-class neighborhood transcended by all the sensuous pleasures that nourish this boy's young life--the escapes to the beach and to the soccer fields with his schoolmates, the joyous hunting expeditions in the backcountry with his uncle and his cronies, the sounds and smells of the streets and docks of Belcourt, the delights of the sun and the sea, and his overwhelming love for his silent mother. Throughout there is the undercurrent of a frustrating search for a father and the awareness of the escalating tension between Algeria and France. But with the miraculous intervention of a wise schoolteacher, the future suddenly opens up.
Because these pages were never honed and edited by Camus--the handwritten manuscript was simply transcribed by his daughter--there is a raw energy to the writing. Feelings and images are poured onto the page with an intensity that makes this story of a childhood more spontaneous, more lyrical, more moving than anything Camus published in his lifetime.
ISBN: 0-679-43937-4


text: Acute myeloid leukaemia samples analysed using conventional methylation-sensitive high resolution melting. Methylation-sensitive high resolution melting can distinguish homogeneous from heterogeneous DNA methylation as each show characteristic melting profiles. The methylated DNA control is indicated by a solid black line (M ctrl), and the unmethylated whole genome amplification control by a broken grey line (UM ctrl). Six acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) samples are indicated by unbroken coloured lines. (a) shows the normalised melting curves. (b) shows the negative first derivative (or Tm) curves. It can be clearly seen that apart from sample 4278 which is unmethylated, none of the other five AML samples resemble the controls. In the Tm plots, these AML samples show broad melting regions which would be expected as a consequence of extensive heteroduplex formation. They begin melting before the unmethylated control, with three samples (3224, 9164, 730-06) continuing to melt in the region indicative of methylation. It should be noted that the methylated DNA control is not fully methylated and contains a typical left-shifted tail (see text).


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john_sall
Staff
Joined:
May 27, 2014
Why statistics is essential
Note: John Sall, co-founder and Executive VP of SAS, discussed why statistics matters on the occasion of the International Year of Statistics in 2013. SAS was a participant in Statistics2013. Sall is the chief architect of JMP.
How is statistics essential to everyday life?
toothpaste2.jpegMost people don't realize how essential statistics is. Daily life is surrounded by the products of statistics.
You brush your teeth. The fluoride in the toothpaste was studied by scientists using statistical methods to carefully assure the safety and effectiveness of the ingredient and the proper concentration. The toothpaste was formulated through a series of designed experiments that determined the optimal formulation through statistical modeling. The toothpaste production was monitored by statistical process control to ensure quality and consistency, and to reduce variability.
The attributes of the product were studied in consumer trials using statistical methods. The pricing, packaging and marketing were determined through studies that used statistical methods to determine the best marketing decisions. Even the location of the toothpaste on the supermarket shelf was the result of statistically based studies. The advertising was monitored using statistical methods. Your purchase transaction became data that was analyzed statistically. The credit card used for the purchase was scrutinized by a statistical model to make sure that it wasn't fraudulent.
So statistics is important to the whole process of not just toothpaste, but every product we consume, every service we use, every activity we choose. Yet we don't need to be aware of it, since it is just an embedded part of the process. Statistics is useful everywhere you look.
Why now? What's new about statistics?
Statistics is an emergent discipline that has rapidly adapted to current challenges.
In today's era of big data -- where the computer and network are everywhere and everything can be measured -- you need statistics to make that data useful.
To learn how a process behaves, you need to conduct experiments. And now we have ways of designing those experiments so that you learn the most from a limited number of experimental runs.
To estimate the models, you need tools to refine and validate the models, and the state of the art has much improved for this in the last few years.
Also we have much better tools to use the models to optimize processes and make them robust with respect to variation.
Statistical software -- like JMP -- becomes the interface to harness statistical methods. Statistics is not easy, and using the computer can be a challenge. So we view our job as making the experience, the workflow, of analyzing data as easy, as comfortable and as powerful as possible.
Do we really trust statistics? Different statistics say different things.
Statistics must be used responsibly. You need good data, and enough of it. Controlled experimental data is best. Selection and confounding biases can easily corrupt the analysis if you don't pay attention to the process that created the data. When you go about doing statistics yourself, you need to learn the problems that can happen. You need to think through the analysis carefully.
Some of us learn statistics as part of our education. Some of us learn on the job. Some of us still have a lot to learn.
The International Year of Statistics 2013 is the occasion to remind us of the value of:
 - Statistical methods.
 - Learning how to use them responsibly.
 - Statistical software as the tools of analysis.
 - Using statistical professionals to help us out when needed.
What is the purpose of the International Year of Statistics?
The purpose of the International Year of Statistics is to focus awareness of the importance of statistical methods in our world. Statistics has played an increasingly important role in science, in industry, in health and in business.
For the past few decades, people have increasingly learned to collect and use data, perform designed experiments, to use evidence instead of intuition to make decisions.
With the computer and network revolutions, data is now easy to collect and store. And with modern software, it is comparatively easy to analyze, even when you have a lot of data.
3 Comments
Community Member
Mike Clayton wrote:
We really need to help the major media understand the risks of using averages, and using correlations as inferences for causal factors, and the danger of badly designed graphs which are agenda-driven. Perhaps something like "The Associated Press Stylebook and Libel Manual" might be supplemented with some basic standards on labeling of graphs, choice of scaling, and guides to fact-checking statistical "evidence."
Google Correlate was taken down, but showed them what they wanted to see, how many people use statistics like a drunk uses a lamp-post, for support rather than illumination. Economist Magazine comments on their interactive graphs are informative online, while the print magazine version has no such sanity checks (or insane remarks). Search engines for media might be able to find misleading graphs and score them for followup. No easy answers, but with most median simply reporting on global sources which have agenda-driven-graphs, we are in danger of becoming numb....or incensed by misleading illustrations.
Statistical thinking now days is driven more by graphs than hypothesis testing, And confidence interval lines are almost unknown in media graphs. Is there an answer to this problem in interactive graphics? "Show confidence" options? Fuzzy lines? Mandatory disclaimers? Drugs are not the only dangerous ingredients in today's world. Long ago, when response surface 3D plots became common, Motorola animated some of those plots to show the surfaces in motion clarifying the range of variability in the model.. HTML5 may allow more animated graphics to illustrate uncertainty. Any thought on these issues for 2013?
Community Member
Helpful Online Statistics Resources – InsideOutStatistics wrote:
[…] _URL_ […]
Staff
Happy Mathematics and Statistics Awareness Month! _URL_


text:
Definition of electrically
adv. - In the manner of electricity, or by means of it; thrillingly. 2
The word "electrically" uses 12 letters: A C C E E I L L L R T Y.
No direct anagrams for electrically found in this word list.
Adding one letter to electrically does not form any other word in this word list.Words within electrically not shown as it has more than seven letters.
All words formed from electrically by changing one letter
Browse words starting with electrically by next letter


text:
Reliability - Synergi Electric
Aids in the simulation and analysis of power distribution system reliability
Reliability is a comprehensive software modelling package that aids in the simulation and analysis of power distribution system reliability. With Synergi Reliability software you can efficiently study worst performing feeders, evaluate the impact of mitigation methods and prioritize distribution automation equipment.
What you get
- Calculated reliability metrics
- Root cause analysis
- Extensive reporting and thematic mapping of results
- Wizard-based data loading capability
- Economic impact analysis
Key benefits of the Reliability software module
Reliability metrics are basic to the long-term health of a utility, providing a reflection of quality of service. The Reliability module performs all calculations on a standard Synergi Electric model. This allows it to employ other powerful and proven Synergi Electric analytical features.
With Synergi Electric, your reliability metrics are generated with consideration of power flow, voltage support, and overall efficiency. The by-phase Synergi load-flow engine ensures that reliability pick-up options adhere to the available capacity around the outage areas. The switching model used for reliability studies is the same used in load-flow, contingency and protection studies.


text:
This children's book about the night the Titanic sunk is an evocative new spin on the disaster.
The sinking of the Titanic is probably the world's most famous maritime disaster, and 2012 not only marks 100 years since the ship hit the iceberg, but also 100 years of books, journals, films and television programmes discussing every inch of the ship from every possible angle. The challenge for any author wishing to contribute to this ever expanding library of works is to add something new and engage an audience that inevitably already knows how the story ends.
Keeping broadly within the confines of documented events Allan Wolf's novel, written in verse, gives a fictional voice to many of those people who were on board the ship based on the available historical evidence. From millionaires and socialites to refugees and immigrants, from the captain of the ship to the stoker in the boiler room, Wolf engages us with the individual stories that could all too easily be lost in the icy waters of the Atlantic.
There will be many books published on the Titanic this year, but whilst some will appeal solely to the Titanic devotee, The Watch That Ends the Night is an intelligent account for older children, but deserves to be enjoyed by a far wider audience. Not only do the different voices combine to provide a rich picture of life on the ship, and of the time, but the extensive back material will provide plenty of further information for those who discover the continuing appeal of the Titanic.


oracle odbc connection string example
Oracle RAC Progress
Instead of a dialog box, some applications might require a connection string that specifies, using particular attributes, how a driver connects to a data source.. IBM Integration ODBC Database Extender encapsulates for example after an Oracle instance The connection string takes the form
OLE DB, ODBC, and Oracle Connection Pooling For example, the following connection string disables OLE DB session pooling and automatic transaction enlistment. The Oracle ODBC Driver translates ODBC SQL syntax into syntax that If the following keyword is specified in the connection string, the Oracle ODBC Driver does not
Simba Oracle ODBC Driver 1.2.4 Installation and Configuration Guide. The following is an example of a connection string for a connection that uses a DSN: DSN= Simba Oracle ODBC Driver 1.2.4 Installation and Configuration Guide. The following is an example of a connection string for a connection that uses a DSN: DSN=
odbc how to make a connection string for oracle that
Connection string problem Oracle Community. connection string format and the microsoft odbc driver for oracle supports the connection string format of for example, a connection string that connects to, an example of a connection string using integrated security is shown in the following snippet: driver={microsoft odbc for oracle};server=myoracledb;).
oracle odbc connection string example
Connect to a remote ODBC database source without a DSN. connection_string. contains the oracle instance to connect to. it can be an в» easy connect string, example #3 oci_connect() with an explicit character set, an example of a connection string using integrated security is shown in the following snippet: driver={microsoft odbc for oracle};server=myoracledb;).
OLE DB ODBC and Oracle Connection Pooling
oracle odbc connection string example
The Oracle ODBC Driver translates ODBC SQL syntax into syntax that If the following keyword is specified in the connection string, the Oracle ODBC Driver does not ODBC from C Tutorial Part 1 Returned Connection String; Full Connection Example; The ODBC connection string contains a series of attributes names and values
ODBC Tutorial on Oracle RAC. you want to connect in the connection string. For example, for ODBC Oracle drivers support connection failover and client 9/05/2011В В· The connection is just a string so you want to use concatenate operators to build the string... cn.Open "driver={Microsoft ODBC for Oracle};" & _ "server


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users, e.g., blue group) perform tasks and how the interface assists them in performing those tasks. The sequence and duration of eye movements provides valuable information into how the user is using the information on the screen to make decisions. The sequence or pattern of eye movements is an indication of the strategy that the user is employing. The duration of eye movements is an indication of the user showing attention to that particular item of detail. This knowledge of strategy and attention is important to constructing a model of user behavior, i.e., how the blue group accomplishes their tasks.
This level of task analysis is at the lowest level of detail which thus generates a lot of data. One of the potential problems with this large amount of time-oriented data is keeping the various data files properly registered. This time registration problem is compensated by, at the start and at the end, having the user perform a unique task that can be identified in all of the data files. An example of this unique task would be looking at the lower left part of the screen while pressing the "w" key for a period of five seconds.
The various data files to be discussed are key press, eye movement, video, audio, screen display, and screen display objects. The "key press" file needs to capture which keys were pressed, when they were pressed, and mouse movements. The mouse movements would only record location (the X and Y location) when the mouse is clicked or double clicked.
The "eye movement" file needs to capture the location and duration of eye fixations. These eye fixations have a minimum duration threshold of 50 milliseconds so that simple eye movements from one location to another are not included in the file.
The "video" file needs to capture the hand movements, screen display changes, notes taken by the user, and user facial expressions. This video would allow for 20 millisecond frame increments. The file format is the normal videotape format with time stamps.
The "audio" file needs to capture the voice, speech, and sound from the user, customer, computer, and other devices. The file format is the normal audiotape format with time stamps.
The "screen display" file needs to capture the image that was displayed on the screen for the user to observe. The screen image is only recorded when the image changes. The screen capture file will be in the normal format.
The "screen display objects" file needs to capture the location of the various objects that comprise the screen display.
Exemplary data file formats for key press, eye movement, screen display, and screen display objects are shown in
The output from the describing the behaviors activity (CPM-GOMS task analysis) is a PERT chart as shown in
Modeling User Behavior
When the users' behaviors are well understood within a given user group, a user model can be constructed. There are two types or levels of models: qualitative and quantitative. Both of these model types are useful to the system interface design team and accomplish different objectives.
The qualitative models are statements of how users within a specific user group behave in certain situations or performing certain functions. For example, a qualitative statement for a user may be "This type of user has a great desire to navigate within the system quickly and is capable and willing to memorize short-cut keys in order to jump from screen to screen quickly." These qualitative models make a contribution to the design team by allowing design team participants to specifically represent each of the various user groups in the design process. As the various design decisions are addressed, these insights are extremely valuable, so that the various user group needs are not lost in the development process.
The quantitative models also represent the behavior of a specific user group, but in a manner that has greater detail and with greater precision. The quantitative models are more formal and incorporate the capability to make numerical performance predictions unlike the qualitative models. These models make use of programming languages, which are well suited for such representation. Items such as arrival patterns, resources allocations, task duration times are also included and combined with the flow of incoming work. These quantitative models are developed only to the degree of detail necessary to adequately represent the user groups for the design team during the system development process.
The process of building a model has some fairly well defined steps. These steps can be generalized as follows:
The process of describing behaviors was discussed previously. These behavioral descriptions are in the form of modified CPM-GOMS flow diagrams. These flow diagrams are analyzed by identifying common elements that exist in many of the task descriptions.
A subjective judgment is made to determine how to combine or suggest that a set of behavioral descriptions are sufficiently similar to construct the same user model. This aspect of analysis requires a large base of experience. This experience is both beneficial and worthwhile. Satisfying this subjective question of the existence and location of a set of behavioral descriptions that are sufficiently similar in nature has tremendous challenges, but is critically important. One of the major considerations in this effort is deciding the relative consistency within each user group. Or, put another way, how tightly consistent should the behavioral descriptions be within a given user group.
The greater the consistency within a user group, the greater validation of the model. At the extreme, having a large inconsistent user group is the situation that is common today where the user is viewed as one perspective. This large, inconsistent user group is not desireable, but rather a smaller, consistent set of behaviors within a group is desired. The model that is then generated can be relatively tight. However, if a given group or category is allowed to be loosely grouped or loosely defined by including a broad set of behavioral characteristics, then the set of behavioral descriptions will be correspondingly broad and the model that is generated will be relatively loose.
The actual construction of the user models from the descriptions is fairly straightforward for the external task actions, but can be challenging for the internal mental task actions.
In order to maximize the relationship between the model and the behavioral description, the model layout is similar to the description layout. The behavioral description has four categories of Service Representative Verbal, Service Representative Motor, Service Representative Cognitive, and Customer. These four categories will be mapped to the model construction also. The format of the model construction is shown in
The flow of the user model in
After the service representative asks what the customer wants, the customer replies, "Cust. Talks", that they wish to disconnect their service. Again, the TRIA function denotes the length of time that this action by the customer requires. Upon hearing the customer's request, the service representative makes a mental decision, "SR Decides", as to what operational function will accomplish the customer's request. The first item of information to begin the disconnect function is the customer's name (and phone number), so the service representative requests, "SR Talks", that information. The customer replies, "Cust. Talks", with the requested information and, as the customer is talking, the service representative begins to enter, "SR Types", the information into the system.
When the customer is finished providing their name (and phone number) and the service representative is finished entering the information into the system, the service representative moves their mouse, "SR Mouses", to the "disconnect" button on their screen and clicks the mouse button. The remaining tasks to complete the disconnect function are not illustrated.
In this example, the user model is a series of action boxes, which, by their sequence and delay time, represent how a user will interact with a customer who wishes to disconnect their service. It is important to note that this flow illustrates how one group of users would handle this type of call. A different user group who has a reference of shortcut or "hot" keys rather than using the mouse would have a different user model. In particular, rather than the extreme right box of "SR Mouses", their user model would have a box of "SR Keys". The significance of this difference is that the time duration for a "SR Keys" action is shorter than the time duration for a "SR-Mouses" action.
The benefits of a user model become clearer with this example. The system or interface designers can anticipate how different user groups would interact with the various screens, how long each user group would require to process each of the various screens, and can identify potential improvements so that the screens are better suited to the characteristics of the different user groups.
The user models that will be initially constructed will be verified and validated to a certain extent. The models can be improved dramatically by using a refining stage after the initial models are constructed. The initial models will appear to be valid to, possibly, a degree that may be acceptable. However, it is important to note that the model's validity, for almost all models, will be improved by using the procedure discussed later. It is extremely useful to encourage the user model designers to enhance the validity for a potentially small price (in terms of time and effort).
One purpose of constructing a user model is to have the ability to predict user behaviors in the future. There are two primary purposes of a user model that is predictive in nature. The first purpose being in the design phase of system development. It is of great value for the interface designer to be able to understand the user behavior for a given design; The designer can better evaluate various alternative designs and their impact on user performance. The second purpose focuses on operational performance. In most cases, the impact of a new system design on overall business process cannot be predicted. Of course, operations management is very concerned with the impact of a new, or re-designed, system on overall performance. In fact, most system development projects are justified on improving overall performance. It is important that the design of these new systems support the improvement of performance metrics.
Defining the metrics used to analyze the outcomes of the user model is critical, because these simulation outcomes will assist in evaluating the various interface designs. These interface designs


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LayoutView.ExpandCard(Int32) Method
Expands the specified card.
Namespace: DevExpress.XtraGrid.Views.Layout
Assembly: DevExpress.XtraGrid.v22.2.dll
NuGet Package: DevExpress.Win.Grid
Declaration
public void ExpandCard(
 int rowHandle
)
Parameters
Name Type Description
rowHandle Int32
An integer value that identifies the card by its handle.
Remarks
The ExpandCard method raises the LayoutView.CardExpanding event. This event allows you to prevent the card from being expanded. If a card has been expanded the LayoutView.CardExpanded event is raised.
The rowHandle parameter represents the visual position of a specific card. See the Rows topic to learn more.
Note
Detail pattern Views do not contain data and they are never displayed within XtraGrid. So, the ExpandCard member must not be invoked for these Views. The ExpandCard member can only be used with Views that display real data within the Grid Control. Use the following methods to access these Views with which an end user interacts at runtime.
See Also


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example, stored correlation information. For instance, when the transaction processor is programmed with data including an order number for a transaction, parties to the transaction can be linked as a function of the order number. When a transaction event includes transaction-identifying information (e.g., an order number), the transaction processor uses the link between the transaction-identifying information and the parties to the transaction to determine profile characteristics to use in processing the transaction event. With this approach, the information for the transaction event does not necessarily need to include party-identifying information. For example, when a transaction event such as a payment, invoicing, shipping and/or receiving event is recorded, information for the recorded event may simply include transaction-identifying information such as an order number. The transaction processor then uses the transaction-identifying information to determine which parties are related to the transaction event.
Once the involved parties are identified, timing characteristics of the transaction event as indicated by the information recorded therewith are processed in accordance with one or more of the parties' preference information. For instance, where a particular party to a transaction wishes to be notified of a transaction event and indicates so in that party's preference information, the receipt of event information at the transaction processor is followed by notification of the event to the party. Depending up on the preference(s) of the parties to the particular transaction, other processing functions involving the transaction event and timing characteristics thereof are also carried out at the transaction processor.
Where two related transaction events having timing characteristics are reported, the transaction processor can further be implemented for calculating the time between the events and reporting that time to a party to the transaction. For instance, when a transaction event is recorded, information regarding the transaction event that is sufficient to identify at least one party to the transaction event and the time of the event is generated and made available (i.e., sent) to a transaction processor. When another transaction event is recorded, similar information regarding the transaction event is also made available to the transaction processor.
Using the party identification and timing information from each transaction event together with profile characteristic information for at least one of the parties, the transaction processor identifies a relationship between the transaction events. For instance, when profile information for one (or both) parties indicates that the two transaction events are related (e.g., both transaction events reference a common order number), the transaction processor identifies this relationship. The timing information for each transaction event is compared and a relative time between the transaction events is calculated. The calculated time can be stored at the transaction processor, at a database accessible by the transaction processor and/or sent immediately to one or more parties to the transaction.
The calculated relative time between transaction events is then available for a variety of processing purposes, as directed by the profile information or otherwise. For instance, where one of the parties to the transaction is interested in tracking the timing between two events (with this interest being reflected in that party's profile information), the transaction processor notifies the party of the calculated relative time. This approach is applicable to the tracking of timing between a multitude of transaction events, such as between an invoice issuance event and payment event therefor, between a credit approval event and an associated payment event or between the initiation of a shipping event and a delivery event therefor.
The transaction events to which various ones of the example embodiments and implementations discussed herein can be tracked for separate entities and/or a single entity, with the transaction events being internal to a particular organization. For example, transaction events between business entities such as the sale of goods and the corresponding shipping, payment and reconciliation events related to the sale of goods can be tracked using this approach. In the instance where reconciliation of a transaction dispute is effected, the time from the reconciliation event can be tracked in connection with the timing of a payment event, thus giving the elapsed time from reconciliation to payment. Tracking elapsed reconciliation/payment time can be useful, for example, in providing customers with information from which to compare funds transfer speed and accordingly track business expenses. Example internal transaction events that can be tracked include similar events for transactions between separate divisions or locations within an entity, such as the shipping of a replacement part from a storage warehouse to the location at which the replacement part is to be implemented.
In addition, transactions often involve both internal and external events and as such, the transaction processor can be implemented for tracking both. For example, when a buyer orders an item from a seller, the seller often has to pull the item from a warehouse stocking location and transport that item to a location where it can be shipped to the buyer (e.g., a shipping dock). When more than one item is ordered, each item may not necessarily be in a similar location. In this instance, all of the ordered items may first have to be transported to a packing location, where the items are packed and subsequently transported to a shipping dock for shipment as a unit to the buyer. These and other transaction events (and the corresponding timing therebetween) are readily tracked by the transaction processor, and with the ability to track both internal and external events, integrated with larger-scale timing characteristics involving a multitude of transaction events.
In another implementation, the transaction processor is programmed to grant selective access to data storage characteristics related thereto. The selective access may involve a password or other security measure to limit access to a particular data storage location. For instance, where a timing-related characteristic for a particular transaction is identified and stored at a database used by the transaction processor, access to the stored data by parties to the transaction is selectively provided as a function of a security authorization level associated with the party attempting access. In this regard, access to such information may be selectively limited to parties to the transaction event or to the transaction to which the event applies. Authorization may simply mean that the party attempting access must be an identified party to the transaction, or involve more complex security measures such as password or encryption type measures. This ability to selectively limit access to the information is particularly useful where a transaction includes multiple parties, for example as with a buyer, seller and carrier; the shipment of goods may be the responsibility of the seller and carrier, but the buyer may be granted access to the information. This ability to access the information may be helpful to facilitate the buyer's ability to understand when a shipment may arrive. From the seller's perspective, the ability to access the timing information of the shipment is useful for evaluating both its internal ability to provide goods in a timely manner and also to evaluate the carrier's ability to make a delivery in a timely manner. From the carrier's perspective, it can track its own performance in delivering goods, and also track the performance of individuals involved in the physical shipping of the goods such as a trucker.
According to another example embodiment, the above-discussed approaches to the tracking of timing-related characteristics for a particular transaction are used for wide scale tracking of timing performance for a plurality of business entities, with access to the timing performance being controlled by the transaction processor. For example, when parties involved in the shipment of goods need to evaluate the performance of different carriers in order to select a carrier, the tracked timing information for each carrier can be used to make the evaluation. In this regard, shippers having access to transaction timing information via the transaction processor can generate reports for use in comparing the delivery performance of carriers. These reports may include (or be cross-referenced with) shipping costs for each carrier, such that a selection of a particular carrier for a transaction can be made as a function of both performance and cost.
In another implementation, access to information used by the transaction processor in processing transaction event information is also selectively provided to parties to the transaction. This information to which access is permitted may include, for example, profile information for parties to a transaction. In some instances, access to the information is also accompanied with the ability to make changes to the profile information, such changes being implemented for controlling the manner in which the transaction processor manipulates or otherwise processes transaction event data. For example, when a particular party to a transaction wishes to be automatically informed of a the timing of a shipping transaction event (e.g., receipt of goods), that party can set its profile information so that the transaction processor will automatically notify the party of such a shipping transaction event. In the example instance where the shipment of goods is involved, when a shipping transaction event identifying the party is received by the transaction processor, the transaction processor uses the set profile information to determine that timing characteristics of the shipping transaction event should be reported to the party. Additional instructions for processing the timing characteristics can similarly be set by users by modifying profile information used by the transaction processor.
Turning now to the figures,
One or more of the approaches discussed above to transaction management can be readily implemented with the system 100. In one implementation, each of the users 120-N store user profile information at the database 112 for use in managing and/or processing transaction information. Access to the database 112 is controlled by the central transaction node 110 for both storing user profile information, editing the information and viewing other transaction related information, including information proprietary to other users. When the central transaction node 110 receives transaction information, it uses the stored user profile information and/or other programming at the database 112 for processing the transaction information.
The management of transactions is controlled in a variety of manners by the central transaction node 110, depending upon the parties (users) involved in the transaction as well as specific characteristics of the transaction. For instance, when a transaction event occurring at user block 120 is reported to the central transaction node 110, the central transaction node uses the transaction information as well as the source of the information to determine a manner in which to process the transaction event. The central transaction node 110 may identify the sending user 120 using, for example, a code or other indicator in data communicated to the central transaction node by the user 120 in connection with the transaction information, with the indicator being embedded in the


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So, exactly what do foxes eat? Although foxes are often categorized as being carnivores, in actuality, they are omnivores and consume an extremely diverse diet.
A fox may prey on something as small as an insect to something as large as a red-crowned crane. Primarily they feed on invertebrates like mollusks, insects, crayfish and earthworms however, they also love fruit with their favorite being apples, plums and blackberries. Foxes are also happy to consume a variety of vertebrate such as rabbits, voles, mice, eggs, birds, reptiles, amphibians as well as fish and have even been known to attack deer fawns.
When asking the question, "What do foxes eat?" it is important to know that they are scavengers and opportunists. They will feed on about anything they can find and when they make their way into urban areas they will eat your garbage and the food from outside pet bowls.
Foxes generally like to hunt for their food alone. Their hearing sense is incredibly powerful allowing them to find mammals hidden in very thick and tall grass. When they do locate their potential food source, they jump very high into the air and pounce upon the hiding prey. Foxes also love to stalk animals like rabbits, hiding and waiting until they get close and then lunging suddenly to initiate the chase.
These animals are extremely possessive with their food and never share unless it is a dog fox feeding with a vixen during a period of courtship or a vixen who happens to be feeding her beloved cubs.
Foxes have an odd stomach size in regards to the total size of their body and are only capable of eating about half the food they should be able to, in relation to their body weight. When a fox has more food than it can eat, it will hide the food in holes dug beneath the earth's surface similar to a dog burying a bone. They will dig these holes in a scattered fashion throughout their claimed territory rather than hiding it all in one spot. This is to prevent their entire food supply from being stolen in the event another animal locates their secret stash.
Foxes are primarily crepuscular, meaning they are most active, especially in regards to hunting, at dusk and dawn. However, if they live in an area with a lot of human interference from lights and such, they become nocturnal.
They claim their territory and work alone in the summer but often pair up in the winter and several dens are built throughout their area. Their primary den is for shelter in the winter, birthing and raising their young. The smaller dens created are used for food storage and shelter in case of emergency. The smaller dens are often connected to the main den with a series of small tunnels.
In the winter foxes fall into a monogamous relationship and work together to raise their pups. Young pups are mature around 10 months and disperse promptly as soon as they are ready.
Foxes communicate with vocalization and body language. They have a very large vocal range and can often sound like a human screaming. Additionally, they will also use scent for communication, using feces and urine to mark the boundary of their territory.
Foxes are usually loved or hated by humans. They carry an abundance of disease and therefore become an enemy to farmers. The biggest threat to foxes is the fur industry. Luckily there are countries like Hong Kong that protect the species to prevent extinction.


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Researchers reveal violent deaths of medieval dead at Stirling Castle
26 May 2011
New exhibition will bring visitors face to face with knight and lady excavated from lost royal chapel.
Scientific research has revealed that at least five of the medieval people whose skeletons were discovered at Stirling Castle suffered brutally violent deaths.
The discovery offers an extraordinarily rare insight into medieval warfare.
One man, aged 26-35, endured some 44 skull fractures from repeated blows with a blunt object, and up to 60 more across the rest of his body.
The skeletons were buried beneath a lost 12th-century royal chapel which was excavated as part of Historic Scotland's project to refurbish the castle's 16th century palace, which stands nearby.
Historic Scotland has created 3D facial reconstructions of two of the people – visitors to the grand opening of the palace will be able to see them for the first time on 4 and 5 June.
They will be on display as part of a new exhibition of the castle's history in the Queen Anne Casemates overlooked by the palace block.
Radio carbon dates indicate that the people probably died in a series of incidents between the 13th century and around 1450.
Some, or all, may have been killed in sieges, skirmishes or battles round Stirling during the Wars of Independence,
Richard Strachan, Historic Scotland's Senior Archaeologist, said: "The skeletons were a remarkable find and provided an incredibly rare opportunity to learn more about life and death in medieval Scotland.
"The new research has brought some quite incredible results.
"It was unusual for people to be buried under the floor of a royal chapel and we suspected that they must have been pretty important people who died during periods of emergency – perhaps during the many sieges which took place.
"The fact that five of the skeletons suffered broken bones, consistent with beatings or battle trauma, suggests this could be what happened."
The research builds on the findings of earlier investigations into two of the skeletons, the results of which were featured last year on BBC2's History Cold Case series.
These attracted worldwide headlines, with one of the skeletons being identified as a knight – perhaps Sir John de Stricheley who died in 1341 – and the other probably belonging to a high-born lady, whose skull had twice been pierced by a weapon.
Both of these skeletons were among the nine sent to the University of Bradford for further investigations.
The 3D models are of the knight and the lady's faces.
The model of the lady was created by the Bradford University team and the one of the knight was made at the University of Dundee.
Bradford used a traditional clay modelling approach, while the one from Dundee was created using the latest digital scanning and replication techniques and painted by a medical artist.
Professor Caroline Wilkinson, at the Centre for Anatomy and Human Identification, University of Dundee, said: "This 3D facial model depicts a strong muscular man with a healed wound across his forehead and rugged features.
"This reconstruction was produced using anatomical standards and the latest digital 3D technology, and allows us to come face to face with this medieval knight."
The Bradford experts say the lady had 10 fractures to the right side of her skull, resulting from two heavy blows.
Neat, square holes through the top of her skull suggest she may then have fallen and been killed with a weapon such as a war hammer.
Dr Jo Buckberry, biological anthropology lecturer and experimental officer at the University of Bradford's Biological Anthropology Research Centre, said: "What we discovered from this research is enormously exciting and has far-reaching implications for our understanding of medieval warfare.
"At least five of these people had their bones broken with blunt and heavy objects, such as clubs, which is very different from soldiers that have been studied who died in open battle and were killed with swords or halberds."
One set of remains, known as Skeleton 190, were from a young man of 16-20, showed signs of a stab wound in the chest.
Yet the major damage came when he was struck on the base of his skull, on the jaw, the collarbone and ribs.
The stabbing points to death by violence, rather than an accidental fall from the castle walls.
Stirling Castle changed hands several times in the Wars of Independence, sometimes being held by the Scots, sometimes by the English and their Scots allies.
It is not certain where the deceased were from, or who they were fighting for, though tests so far are consistent with at least some of them being from the Stirling or Edinburgh area.
To be buried beneath the floor of a royal chapel was very unusual and suggests that these were people of considerable importance.
Bodies would normally be buried in a kirkyard, which suggests that the people were killed at times when it was too dangerous to venture beyond the castle walls.
The new exhibition
- The facial reconstructions will be on display in the Queen Anne Casemates exhibition, which tells the story of the castle from the earliest times to the 19th century. One room in the exhibition will be devoted to the Stirling skeletons, and the facial reconstructions will be key exhibits.
- Other important exhibition themes will include the story of the castle under siege, the Renaissance royal palace of James V, and the castle's later years as an army base. The exhibition will feature a series of interactive displays and has been designed to explore the castle's past in a way that is engaging and family-friendly.
- The new-look exhibition is part of a wider £12 million project to offer an even better visitor experience. The centrepiece is the return of six apartments in the royal palace to how they may have looked in the mid-16th century.
Matthew Shelley 07786 704299
Ellen Drummond-Ferroni 07801 820757
Nicola McCrae 01786 431325
Lesley Brown 0131 _PHONE_
Free to use pictures
A selection of free to use pictures are available showing Dr Buckberry with the skeletons, the skeletons being excavated and the new facial reconstructions. Log on using the details below then search using the word 'Stirling'.
Notes for editors:
For all the latest on the palace project, and everything else that happening at Stirling Castle, visit our website at _URL_ and sign up for our free e-newsletter.
- Stirling Castle is at the top of Stirling Old Town off the M9 at junction 9 or 10. Call 01786 450000
- Historic Scotland has 345 historic properties and sites in its care. These include some of the leading tourism attractions in the country, including Edinburgh, Stirling, and Urquhart Castles, Fort George, Linlithgow Palace, the Border Abbeys, and Skara Brae. For further details visit: _URL_
- Historic Scotland's Mission is to safeguard Scotland's historic environment and to promote its understanding and enjoyment.
- Historic Scotland around the web: _URL_ _URL_ _URL_ and _URL_


B]. It is [U][B]Constant Power[/B][/U]. What Power?. Who knows, depends on how strong the sun is. In our AC charger example it was up to 160 watts to supply 10 amps @ 16 volts. So when we set it to 14.4 volts and in Bulk it was a constant 144 watts @ 10 amps. So say you have a 160 watt panel and a 10 amp controller. In Bulk at a few brief seconds around noon it was 10 amps for a second. What is it 30 minute after noon?. Something less than 10 amps. If it is hazy maybe 5 amps. All your controller can do is transfer the maximum available power at the time. It cannot do any more than that. So that makes it Constant Power, not CC. This is what makes a 3 Stage Solar Charger useless in the practical sense. You have to change strategy to Maximum Smoke 1 stage charger. You set the voltage to Bulk = Absorb = Float. Throw away your battery Owners Manual and it voltage set points. They are useless. Instead you use your Battery Hydrometer to set the voltage. To learn how read this thread.


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The isolated terrain of the Caucasus mountains and the strategic value outsiders have placed on the areas settled by Chechens has contributed much to the Chechen community ethos and helped shape its fiercely independent national character. Chechen society has traditionally been egalitarian and organized around many autonomous local clans, called teips.
Origins of the word Chechen
The term "Chechen" first occurs in Arabic sources from the 8th century. According to popular tradition, the Russian term "Chechen" comes from the name of the village of Chechen-Aul.The word "Chechen", however, occurs in Russian sources as early as 1692 and the Russians probably derived it from the Kabardian "Shashan".


The recent news about the 737 has drawn attention to aging aircraft concerns. We decided to get a perspective of the active 737 fleet. We were surprised to just how big a role this aircraft plays.
Over one-third of active single-aisle aircraft (at year end 2017) were 737s. The next most popular model, the A320, has a fleet size 43% smaller.
The following table shows how few of the 737s were parked. With under 5% parked, the 737 was in high demand, and met the definition of "workhorse".
What else do we know about this fleet? Certain regions are deploying older aircraft. But in the three largest markets, the fleet was under 15 years old.
Next looking at the active fleet by year we can see how the fleet is mostly from the 2000-era onwards. Over 80% of the active fleet is therefore under 20 years old and 60% of the fleet is under ten years old.
Focusing now on the versions of the 737, the majority of the active fleet is the NG. Notice the NG fleet averaged under 11 years of age.
Given the fleet size and the flight hours accumulated, the performance and safety record of the 737 is remarkable. It is rare that the 737 performs an emergency landing because something on the aircraft failed. Wikipedia has this list of 737 "accidents and incidents" and it lists only 12 NG aircraft events.
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Get North Carolina educators up and moving with an icebreaker that guarantees 100% participation and reinforces important background information about NC WiseOwl. NC students can use the resources in WiseOwl for gathering, evaluating, and using information for research, project learning, solving problems and making informed decisions.
Shuffle and distribute one card per person. Play
music while everyone walks (or dances) around the room, trading
cards quickly. When the music stops, pair up with the person on
the last trade. Partners take turns asking questions from the cards, and then exchanging answers, ideas, and strategies until the music begins for the next round of trading.
File Size: 93.93kb
If you don't see the file open immediately, look for its name in the bottom of the window. Your personal browser settings determine how the download is displayed and downloaded.


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2009 Edition Part 9 Figure 9C-9. Shared Lane Marking
Figure 9C-9. Shared Lane Marking
This figure illustrates an example of a lane marked for bicycle shared use.
The figure shows a vertical symbol of a bicycle with a white "v" shaped marking inside a second "v" shape above the symbol. The points of the "v" shaped markings face up. The distance from the top of the topmost "v" shaped marking to the bottom of the bicycle symbol is shown as a dimension of 112 inches. The overall length of the symbol is shown as a dimension of 72 inches. The overall width of the symbol is shown as a dimension of 40 inches.


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Contemplative psychotherapy for individuals, couples, and groups in New York City.
According to the Asian News Network, China's oldest temple aims to position itself as a major Buddhist hub. Built in 68 CE, the White Horse (Baima) Temple, in Luoyang, in China's Henan province, has a colorful history. The ANN reports:
According to legend, the Eastern Han Emperor Yongping (reign: AD 57-75) dreamed of a golden figure with a halo, which his advisers assumed was the Buddha, in India. Emissaries were sent abroad to learn more about Buddhism and they returned years later with two Indian monks on white horses, bearing sutras and statues....
In light of its history, Baima aims to become a leading center of Buddhism in Asia and has an Indian Buddhist shrine made entirely of Indian materials, a gift from the Indian government that was completed last year. Nearby, a Thai Buddhist shrine, built in 1992, is being expanded.
The temple has been rebuilt, and little remains of the original. Also, the original temple lacked air-conditioning, but that has been remedied.
You can read the ANN report here.
Image © China Daily


text: Abstract:This study presents a numerical investigation of the flow field in a screw pump designed to circulate biological fluid such as blood. A simplified channel flow model is used to allow analysis using a Cartesian set of coordinates. Finite analytic (FA) numerical simulation of the flow field inside the channel was performed to study the influence of Reynolds number and pressure gradient on velocity distribution and shear stresses across the channel cross-section. Simulation results were used to predict flow rates, circulatory flow and the shear stresses, which are known to be related to the level of red blood cell damage (hemolysis) caused by the pump. The study shows that high shear levels are confined to small regions within the channel cross-section, but the circulatory nature of the flow causes an increased percentage of blood elements to pass through the high shear regions, and increases the likelihood of cell damage.


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Why is argon used in titanium extraction?
Traces of oxygen or nitrogen in the titanium tend to make the metal brittle. The reduction has to be carried out in an inert argon atmosphere rather than in air. Titanium is made by a batch process. The titanium is then separated from the waste products, and an entirely new reaction is set up in the same reactor.
Why can Titanium be extracted using carbon?
Titanium cannot be extracted by reducing the ore using carbon as a cheap reducing agent, like with iron. The problem is that titanium forms a carbide, TiC, if it is heated with carbon, so you don't get the pure metal that you need. The presence of the carbide makes the metal very brittle.
How does Titanium react with oxygen?
Titanium readily reacts with oxygen at 1,200 °C (2,190 °F) in air, and at 610 °C (1,130 °F) in pure oxygen, forming titanium dioxide. It is, however, slow to react with water and air at ambient temperatures because it forms a passive oxide coating that protects the bulk metal from further oxidation.
How do you make titanium from titanium dioxide?
To extract titanium from it's ore, you need to convert the ore (titanium dioxide) to the tetrachloride (TiCl4). This is done by heating the ore, with a mixture of chlorine gas and carbon to produce a liquid with a melting point of -24C.
What is the correct chemical name for titanium dioxide?
Can titanium dioxide kill you?
Scientists can't prove titanium dioxide is dangerous and they can't prove it's safe — but this common food whitener is almost impossible to avoid, and manufacturers aren't required to list it as an ingredient.
What is wrong with titanium dioxide?
The Health Concern When inhaled, titanium dioxide is considered possibly carcinogenic to humans. This means that in products that contain powdered titanium dioxide like loose powders, pressed powders, eyeshadows, and blushes in which the makeup is in powder form, titanium dioxide can be inhaled.
Is there another name for titanium dioxide?
Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium(IV) oxide or titania, is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium. It is used as a pigment under the names titanium white, Pigment White 6 (PW6), or CI 77891. It is typically extracted from ilmenite, rutile and anatase.
Is titanium dioxide cancerous?
The World Health Organisation's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has determined that titanium dioxide is a "possible carcinogen for humans". In 2017 the French Government's scientific assessment found that titanium dioxide is a carcinogen when it is inhaled.
Is titanium dioxide safe in vitamins?
Dangerous Ingredient #5: Titanium Dioxide Titanium dioxide is yet another one of the nasty and dangerous ingredients in your vitamins or supplements; it is used as a colorant (it's also used in many cosmetics).
Is titanium dioxide considered natural?
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a naturally occurring mineral that is mined from the earth, processed and refined, and added to a variety of foods, as well as other consumer products. White in color, it is used to enhance the color and sheen of certain foods and is also key for food safety applications.
Is there titanium dioxide in milk?
with the Dairy Research Institute, "Titanium dioxide is not added to whole fluid milk period." Sam Jones-Ellard, public affairs specialist at USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) confirms, "Titanium dioxide is definitely not allowed in organic production."
Is titanium dioxide safe to use on skin?
What about topical application? Titanium Dioxide is considered safe once it's on our skin. Even Titanium Dioxide nano-particles aren't able to penetrate deep into the skin, when they're coated with materials like Silica, Alumina, and Dimethicone³.
What products have titanium in them?
Titanium dioxide is used as a white pigment in a variety of foodstuffs including candy, coffee creamer, baking and cake decorations, and white sauces. It is added in the form of food additive E171.
What does titanium dioxide do for your skin?
Titanium dioxide works as a UV filtering ingredient in sunscreen – it helps protect a person's skin by blocking absorption of the sun's ultraviolet light that can cause sunburn and is also linked to skin cancer. Learn more about titanium dioxide and sunscreen.
Which is better titanium dioxide or zinc oxide?
Compared to zinc oxide, titanium dioxide is as effective at blocking UVB rays, but it's somewhat less effective for short UVA rays (UVA II), and almost completely ineffective against long UVA rays (UVA I). In short, titanium dioxide is inferior to zinc oxide for broad-spectrum coverage.
Is Titanium good for the body?
Safe in the body Titanium is considered the most biocompatible metal – not harmful or toxic to living tissue – due to its resistance to corrosion from bodily fluids. This ability to withstand the harsh bodily environment is a result of the protective oxide film that forms naturally in the presence of oxygen.
Is it safe to eat titanium dioxide?
To date, titanium dioxide is considered safe for consumption. Most research concludes that the amount consumed from food is so low that it poses no risk to human health ( 1, 3, 6, 14).
Is titanium dioxide banned in Europe?
European Parliament calls on European Commission to remove titanium dioxide from the EU list of permitted food additives. France banned sales of food products containing titanium dioxide on January 1, 2020.
Is titanium dioxide safe in lipstick?
Natural lipsticks are safer The most common minerals found in natural lipsticks are titanium dioxide and zinc oxide (for color and SPF protection), and iron oxide, mica, and silica (for color, shine, and texture). They are not considered dangerous so long as they have not been micronized.
What is titanium dioxide made out of?
Titanium dioxide – also known as titanium (IV) oxide or titania – is the naturally occurring compound created when titanium reacts with the oxygen in the air. As an oxide, titanium is found in minerals in the earth's crust. It also found with other elements, including calcium and iron.
How titanium dioxide works as a photocatalyst?
Titanium dioxide, in thin film and nanoparticle form has potential for use in energy production: as a photocatalyst, it can break water into hydrogen and oxygen. With the hydrogen collected, it could be used as a fuel. The efficiency of this process can be greatly improved by doping the oxide with carbon.
How do you extract titanium dioxide?
TiO2 is produced from either ilmenite, rutile or titanium slag. Titanium pigment is extracted by using either sulphuric acid (sulphate process) or chlorine (chloride route). The sulphate process employs simpler technology than the chloride route and can use lower grade, cheaper ores.
Does Titanium get rusty?
In vacuum-like environments, where oxygen is limited, titanium will corrode and rust quickly. Pure titanium that is completely rust and corrosive resistant, however, is rare and hard to find and produce.
How long will Titanium last?
What is the current price of titanium?
Can the body reject titanium?
These metals ions bind to proteins in the body. For those who react, the body's immune system will attack this new protein/metal structure. This may start an immune reaction. The MELISA test a scientifically-proven test which can objectively test for the presence of titanium hypersensitivity and measure its severity.
Is Titanium more valuable than gold?
Titanium is usually cheaper than white gold. However, because of its hardness, titanium is not as easy to work with. In such cases, the additional labor costs may make the price of a titanium ring comparable to that of a white gold one (or even higher).
How much is a kg of titanium?
1 Kg Titanium Price
|Titanium Grade 1 Price (per kg)||Origin||Price in USD (per kg)|
|UK / Europe||Japanese||$28|


I was recently in a conversation where someone tried to convince someone else that piles were bad, and papers should always be filed. Somehow, this person thought being a Piler or a Filer, the Filer is the only "right" choice. I stepped in, protecting the honor of the Piler. You see, piling isn't necessarily a bad thing. People can be pilers. But understanding a bit about the piling can be helpful.
In Defense of The Piler
Are you a Piler?
 - Pilers typically will gather items in a "this is for later" or "this is for a particular purpose" on surfaces.
 - Pilers tend to be more visual in their learning style or their sensitivities. They're more likely to be the person who thinks "out of sight, out of mind" and likes to have visual cues to remind them what is important.
 - Pilers can also be visual in the sense that they know what a piece of paper looks like or have an experiential memory of where an item is, and filing systems don't provide them with the same breadcrumbs to find or identify an important paper.
 - Pilers will often have an internal or external trigger to remind them that the pile needs to be conquered and addressed. While it doesn't always make the top of the priority list, they will often allow for items to build up to a certain threshold and then they know it's time to do deal with it.
 - Pilers can often recognize that, if left too long, eventually almost everything in a pile can be tossed.
Is Being a Piler Working For You Or Against You?
Maybe you're reading this and saying, "YES! I'm a Piler! Somebody gets me!!! WHOO-HOO!"
Well… don't rejoice just yet… I want you to consider your piles and your styles:
1) Are your piles *meaningful*? Is each pile its own category based on content and it's clear just by looking at it what is in it?
2) Are the piles representative of papers in different statuses — to do, to file, just can't deal with yet, have to give to someone else, etc.? In this case, the piles are meant to generate action. So, how is that going for you? Are there particular actions you're good at vs. avoiding?
3) Are the piles just stopgaps for tidying or cleaning up? Are they completely random in content, but just more based on "where was this before it was in the pile" or "When did this come in the house or office and I just gathered it"? This is the least helpful pile if identifying important items or next steps is something you struggle with.
4) Are the existence of your piles a frequent source of conflict, stress, or delays in action with real ramifications, like late fees because you lost sight of bills, missed social obligations, the birthday card you found that you bought but didn't send out last month, or feedback from your boss or colleagues that the condition of your office is a problem?
5) What are your habits related to building, processing, or eliminating piles? Workflow and habits can be excellent with some pilers when there is a system to the piles.
What do you think? What can you learn about your own piling style from these questions?
Three Ways to Make Piles Work For You
Ultimately, the system that will work for you is one that works WITH your tendencies, with your strengths, and acknowledges what you're just not going to be inclined to do naturally. But you can build better skills around pile creation and pile management to make being a piler a strength, and not a weakness.
1) Build your "Deal With Me" system. Set a regular time and a place to grab a pile and move it to somewhere where you can sort it, narrow it down, and move each piece of paper forward to whatever destiny is in store for it — keep and file, action, recycle, shred, etc. While you're it, locate and address the old piles. Many pilers have old piles, and they've just moved on to creating new ones, and quite frankly, have become blind to the old ones, because they just haven't had to visit them in a while. The older the pile, the less likely they need to still exist, but diving in to determine if there is lost treasure or something important you needed to take action can help you resuscitate the pile long enough to harvest the most important parts and then let the rest go.
2) Reduce what gets put on the pile in the first place: Consider the Two-Minute Rule from David Allen's Getting Things Done methodology: If you can address a to-do in 2 minutes or less, do it right away. Putting it on a pile instantly diminishes the probability that the action it needs will even get taken. This is helpful for sorting mail or papers that come home from school; instead of the instinct of "I'll do this later", consider sorting and setting 5 minutes for "Instant Action" to resolve to-dos and not let something end up on the pile at all.
3) If you live with other people, recognize that your system may not jive with theirs, and conflict can come up. Part of making piles work for you is to make sure they're not a source of conflict with others; you'll spend more time and energy fighting about the piles than processing them! Consider where they live, how tall they get, and whether someone else's ability to get things done is impacted by your pile. This could mean they couldn't find something that they needed, and only you knew where it was and how to navigate the pile. It could mean the pile is just in a place that is physically inconvenient to other things getting done, for instance, in the middle of the kitchen counter when someone else is trying to cook, or on the desk when someone else is trying to do homework or pay bills. Determine whether your locations or your process need to shift in order to promote harmony and productivity for all! I'm a piler and took me years to figure out how to have a piling style while living with other people (hard fail in college and in my 20's by the way). My piles were instantly subject to my clutter blindness, so I stopped seeing things, stopped realizing I had things to do, and every roommate wanted to kill me, I'm sure. (Apologies to all I've lived with, including Handy Boy, for taking so long to figure out how to stay on top of this and make it work!)
I'm a piler and I embrace it. It's taken me years to understand myself, my strengths, and what I just had to stop kidding myself over. In my 20's it was late payments and having piles out of control literally cost me money each month. When I worked in the corporate world, I had to navigate between projects simultaneously, and each one was its own pile, and when I was lucky, I had a handle on what I was supposed to be doing next.
It was only once I stopped to think about how piles could work FOR me and the systems and habits I could put in place for myself did I breakthrough and stop feeling like a failure, drowning in no-longer-relevant paper. If you're a piler and looking to become a PROUD and SUCCESSFUL Piler, not one who is drowning and failing, try out these tips. And when you're in a spot where you can say that you can get your hands on everything you need in 15 seconds or less, without creating havoc on the rest of the world to do so, you should proudly wear that Piler Patch!