AWS CloudWatch can monitor metrics and generate alarms when they cross a certain threshold. Additionally, CloudWatch can take various actions when this occurs, such as alerting humans through email, SMS, or Slack messages. CloudWatch typically provides alerts by posting a message to an SNS (Amazon Simple Notification Service) topic, which would then dispatch the message via a variety of mediums, such as email, SMS, and Lambda functions. Additional actions that CloudWatch can take when an alarm goes off are typically auto-scaling events, such as scaling workloads out or back in.
This is the second article out of three investigating what AWS CloudWatch can offer us, this time focusing on alarms and alerts. Let's dive into more details.
Billing Alert
The most important tip of this article is that CloudWatch can alert you when your bill is likely to become too high. You should never run any workload on AWS without this alarm, as it is quite easy to forget resources spun up for testing purposes. To create such a billing alarm, you need to log in to the AWS console using either the root user or an IAM user who has permission to access the billing section of the console.
The first step is to enable billing alerts. Click on your user name in the top-right corner of the screen, then click on "My Billing Dashboard." In the left pane, select "Billing preferences," then enable "Receive Billing Alerts," and finally click on "Save preferences."
The second step is to actually create a billing alarm. Head over to the CloudWatch service. In the left pane, click on "Alarms," and then click on the "Create Alarm" button. Choose the "Billing, Total Estimated Charge" metric, and configure the alarm to go off when this metric is greater than a monthly amount you would like to be alerted; click "Next." Then select "Create a New SNS Topic," and enter a name for the SNS topic and your email address; click "Create topic." Click "Next," enter a name for the alarm, click "Next" again, and, finally, "Create Alarm." That's it!
How Are AWS CloudWatch Alarms Evaluated?
Evaluation Periods and DatapointsToAlarm
There are three settings that control when an alarm goes off:
 - Period is the length of time over which the underlying metric is evaluated. The alarm period does not need to match the underlying metric period, but it needs to be at least as long as the metric period. CloudWatch will essentially generate one alarm data point per alarm period, based on the value(s) of the underlying metric during that period.
 - Evaluation period is the number of alarm periods (or alarm data points) to take into account when determining whether the alarm is triggered or not.
 - DatapointsToAlarm is the number of alarm data points that must breach the threshold during the evaluation period for the alarm to go off.
For example, let's assume that the alarm period is the same as the underlying metric period, the evaluation period is five, and the DatapointsToAlarm is three. For any five consecutive alarm data points, the alarm will go into the ALARM state if at least three out of five data points breach the alarm threshold. If for a given set of five consecutive alarm data points, only two or less breach the threshold, the alarm will not be in the ALARM state.
These settings are quite useful to filter out normal spikes, like CPU. It's normal for the CPU to run very high for short periods of time because the OS is, for example, performing some maintenance tasks, and you probably wouldn't want to be alerted for such things.
What Happens When There Is Missing Data?
There are various reasons why the underlying metric might have missing data points during an evaluation period, including:
 - The service or EC2 instance is just starting and hasn't yet reported enough metrics.
 - The EC2 instance is rebooting and can't report the metric during the reboot time.
 - Some networking parameters (such as a security group or network access control list) have been modified, preventing the EC2 instance from connecting to CloudWatch.
 - There are some network glitches (typically if the metric is reported from outside AWS).
You can configure each alarm to consider missing data points as:
 - Breaching: The missing data point is assumed to breach the alarm threshold.
 - Not breaching: The missing data point is assumed to be within the alarm threshold.
 - Ignore: The alarm state is left untouched.
 - Missing: This data point will not be considered when evaluating the alarm.
Which option to choose depends on the underlying metric reports. For example, if your alarm is for CPU, RAM, or disk utilization, it's most probably safer to consider missing data as breaching, as it is likely that your EC2 instance is going through a rough time. Some metrics are reported only when errors occur (such as ThrottledRequests in Amazon DynamoDB), in which case missing data would be considered as not breaching.
Importantly, CloudWatch tries to use missing data points as little as possible, no matter how you configure the alarm to treat them. It does so by retrieving more data points than the evaluation period (this is an evaluation range) and tries to use as many valid data points as possible within the evaluation range.
High-Resolution Alarms
Alarms have a typical resolution of sixty seconds. If the underlying metric is a high-resolution one, you can use a high-resolution alarm with a resolution of ten or thirty seconds. Although they come at a higher cost, these could be useful if you need very swift action.
Advanced AWS CloudWatch Alarms Evaluation
Combining Metrics
CloudWatch can combine metrics using math. This will be explored in a subsequent article, but what is relevant here is that you can create alarms on the output of the math expression.
Anomaly Detection
AWS released a new service that generates alarms based on anomalous patterns in the underlying metric. In order to use this service, you simply create an alarm as usual and select "Anomaly detection" under "Conditions." Alternatively, when you display a metric in CloudWatch, select the "Graphed metrics" tab and click on the wave icon next to the metric name (see screenshot below).
Using anomaly detection, you can benefit from the years of experience that AWS has accumulated in monitoring a variety of workloads. It allows you to leverage machine learning in a very intuitive and user-friendly way. Anomaly detection uses machine learning and statistical analysis to determine the validity or "usual" range for a metric. It will then alert you whenever the metric goes out of range and is thus suspicious.
How to Alert a Human Being
CloudWatch can take a variety of actions when an alarm goes off, such as triggering an auto-scaling event or sending a message through a medium likely to attract the attention of a human. Typically, you would need to create an SNS topic and add subscriptions to that SNS topic. Each subscription represents a channel to which the alarm message will be forwarded. In the screenshot below, there are a number of subscriptions to the "Alarms" SNS topic. Any message sent to that SNS topic will be forwarded to all subscribers, whether by email, SMS, Lambda invocation, etc.
The next step is to link the alarm with the SNS topic. So when you create or edit the alarm, you just need to select the correct SNS topic. After that, every time the alarm goes off, CloudWatch will send a message to SNS, which will forward it to you via email, SMS, etc. You can even create a Lambda function that will post the message on a Slack channel.
AWS CloudWatch Alarms Cost Considerations
Don't Create a Loop!
This piece of advice is fairly obvious, and it is to avoid creating a loop. For example, you might have an alarm on a Lambda function that sends a message to Slack. This could go into an infinite loop where the Lambda triggers the alarm, which triggers the Lambda function, etc. This is a silly example, and such situations are unlikely to happen in real life, but this is still something to keep in mind. Obviously, such a loop is likely to cost you a lot of money!
Avoid Sending Too Many Text Messages
Pricing information for SNS can be found here. The free tier allows you to send 100 SMSes (to US phone numbers) and 1,000 emails per month. After that, you will have to pay per SMS, which is reasonably cheap for US numbers but can have significant costs for other countries.
If you're using Slack in your organization, a good way to minimize these costs is to post a message to a Slack channel instead.
Other Points
The pricing page for CloudWatch can be found here.
High-resolution alarms are about three times more expensive than regular alarms, so use them only if necessary. The costs for alarms and alerts are usually quite low, so you wouldn't need to worry about those unless you have a large amount of them.
Another point to consider with CloudWatch is that everything needs to be taken care of manually, and there is a chance to miss or misconfigure an alert.
CloudWatch vs. Competition
There is a large offering of additional monitoring software tools out there, both in the open-source community and from paid-for suppliers.
The open-source community has a number of very capable software solutions. Prometheus is well known and able to ingest and process metric data; its time-series database is very efficient. Prometheus works well in most workloads but doesn't scale very well for very large workloads. In contrast, CloudWatch has gigantic scaling capabilities built-in, so scale should never be a worry. In addition, Prometheus can only deal with metrics that are actually reported; if


text:
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
- n. The state or quality of being inconsistent.
- n. Something inconsistent: many inconsistencies in your proposal.
Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- n. The quality of being inconsistent; want of consistency or agreement between ideas or actions; contradictory relation of parts or particulars; intrinsic opposition in fact or in principle; incongruity; contrariety; discrepancy.
- n. A want of consistency in feeling, idea, or act; lack of agreement or uniformity in manifestation; incongruity.
- n. Synonyms Incoherency, irreconcilability, discrepancy, contradictoriness. See incompatible.
- n. The state of being inconsistent
- n. logic an incompatibility between two propositions that cannot both be true
GNU Webster's 1913
- n. The quality or state of being inconsistent; discordance in respect to sentiment or action; such contrariety between two things that both can not exist or be true together; disagreement; incompatibility.
- n. Absurdity in argument ore narration; incoherence or irreconcilability in the parts of a statement, argument, or narration; that which is inconsistent.
- n. Lack of stability or uniformity; unsteadiness; changeableness; variableness.
- n. the relation between propositions that cannot both be true at the same time
- n. the quality of being inconsistent and lacking a harmonious uniformity among things or parts
"I believe one of the traditional liberal defenses of the inconsistency is an argument about strong/weak group relations."
"Some French commentators criticized the president for what they called his inconsistency over China and human rights."
"Such inconsistency is interesting, though, and almost inevitable when one sees fit to defend the English language from "plagues", "attacks", and presumably imminent doom."
"This crazy vertebrae inconsistency is because the Two - and Three-toed sloths do not have a shared ancestor until you go back 40 MILLION YEARS."
"The only inconsistency is the glaring, gaping one between his actions and his campaign rhetoric."
"But his inconsistency is troublesome and he left Tuesday's game and is day-to-day with a lower-body injury."
"The inconsistency is between one of their positions and YOUR idea of what their other position should be."
"The inconsistency is minor and arguably unimportant in a novel this lighthearted, but it's still bothersome."
"' The inconsistency is the biggest disappointment. '"
"This inconsistency is true for other photos of labels on the website as well."
These user-created lists contain the word 'inconsistency'.
A complete Barron's Wordlist for GRE preparation. Your online flashcard replacement.
Use these and get promoted
Words only (I left out the expressions) from Geza Kerenyi's EN-HU interpreters' dictionary. Most of them pose some difficulty when interpreted between HU and EN in either or both directions.
Looking for tweets for inconsistency.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
July 27, 2010 > History: Union City's steamship "The Union"
History: Union City's steamship "The Union"
By Myrla Raymundo
Union City and Alvarado came into existence on a portion of the Rancho Portrero de los Cerritos, in the northwestern portion of Washington Township in what is today Alameda County. Union City, the first of the two to be settled, is located on the banks of Alameda Creek near a point known as the Devil's Elbow. It was in 1851 that Union City first sprang into being, founded by J. M. Horner.
J. M. Horner was also the builder of the first warehouse on the bank of the creek. This creek poured its waters into an extensive slough, which stretched far out toward the bay where a very tortuous channel was formed. In 1846, the creek was navigable for light craft as far up as Bell Ranch Bridge. In fact, until 1878, small vessels used this channel from as far as the sugar refinery, but when the channel was filled, the course of the water changed entirely.
Horner developed a plan for cutting a canal across the marshes to connect with the bay, making a continuation of Crandall Slough. By this means the water flow would have been directed into the canal, and thus the flooded marshes would have been reclaimed, the creek relieved of surplus water, and Union City, together with Alvarado, would now have been in direct communication by water with San Francisco, as they were in earlier days. In addition, hundreds of acres of marshland could have been reclaimed. Unfortunately, Mr. Horner's canal scheme never went beyond the ideas in his head, and Devil's Elbow, where the water had been dammed and frequently overflowed, eventually filled and is now a bed of sandy sediment.
Union City and Alvarado are nearly surrounded by marsh, and in the old days each year brought an overflow from the creek, which caused a few days of flooding. Going out of doors without rubber boots was anything but agreeable. The little town had the advantage of good lands, extensive warehouses, and with the steamer called "The Union," Union City rapidly developed rich agricultural surroundings to the east.
It is known that Union City received its name from the first steamer which traveled between it and San Francisco. This vessel, "The Union," had a novel history, having been originally constructed in New Jersey and brought in sections aboard ship around Cape Horn by Charles Minturn. When this steamer first entered service between Union City and San Francisco, it was owned by Horner and was placed on the route to carry produce to market. It had limited accommodations for chance passengers.
Mr. Horner had, in 1851, purchased an extensive tract of land, which included the original town site of Union City. From his own and other agricultural interests, a large amount of freight was carried from Union City to San Francisco. One year, history states that the sale of produce from Horner's acreage alone brought forth a revenue of $270,000.
Prior to the entry of the steamer "The Union," freight transportation had been confined to sailing vessels, many of which ran between Union City and San Francisco at regular intervals. "The Union" was a historic craft and her first owner, Charles Minturn, was the originator of the ferry between Oakland and San Francisco. Her first master was Capt. Olney, who afterward commanded the "Senator." Following Capt. Olney came Capt. Marston, who later lived at Centerville, where some of his descendants grew to manhood and womanhood. Next, "The Union" was commanded by Capt. Trefry, who for years guided her destiny. He was later a resident of Centerville, and for many years filled the office of constable.
Horner's little steamship "The Union" is no longer in existence. However, it will go down in history as the link between Union City and San Francisco. It will also be remembered as the source of the name of Union City today. Or is it?
Many people think the name came from the merger of the Decoto and Alvarado districts when the city was founded. When incorporated in 1959, many knew nothing about the ship.
So where did the name Union City come from-the steamer's name or the union of two towns? What do you think?


text:
UK Historic Environment Agencies launch Declaration for the Preservation of Digital Intellectual Record
An alliance of key agencies concerned with the UK's historic environment has launched their Declaration on Digital Preservation today at a ceremony at the Historic England offices on Tanner Row in York on International Digital Preservation Day.
The alliance, called the Bedern Group, comprises the Archaeology Data Service, Historic England, Historic Environment Scotland and The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historic Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW). Their combined digital collections represent a rich resource for research and education, creative, cultural and commercial activity within the historic environment.
Chairman of the Commissioners for RCAHMW, Dr Eurwyn Wiliam was delighted with the initiative, saying "by publishing this Declaration, the Bedern Group hopes to inspire many more individuals and organizations to help secure the legacy of their own important digital collections for future generations."
"Protecting the historic environment is not simply a concern with buildings, monuments and landscapes anymore," explains Alex Paterson, CEO of Historic Environment Scotland. "This Declaration encapsulates the commitment we must all make to preserve our digital heritage; so making it possible for this and future generations to enjoy, understand and manage the physical traces of the human past."
While new technologies create significant opportunities for our society and economy, these changes herald a time when heritage collections will be increasingly digital.
Duncan Wilson, CEO of Historic England agrees, saying: "The story of our past is not only locked up in surviving buildings and places, but in our archives and research. So making sure these records survive and are digitally accessible is a vital form of protection. This is a key part of our legacy to future generations."
A shifting technological landscape means that organizations like those of the Bedern Group will need to manage pressures of technological obsolescence, as well as being able to adapt to new scales, new complexities and new expectations.
"Digital preservation is an integral component in safeguarding our cultural heritage. This Declaration highlights the commitment of all the Bedern Group members to this aim," says Director of the Archaeology Data Service, Professor Julian Richards. "Digital data requires careful curation to ensure its stability and usability in the long-term, but properly preserved digital data has vast potential, particularly when openly available, to increase the public understanding of our shared heritage."
Helping them manage these pressures is the Digital Preservation Coalition (DPC), to which each of the Bedern Group organisations belongs. The DPC provides training, resources and support to help members deliver resilient long-term access to digital content and services; deriving enduring value from their digital collections. The Coalition also raises awareness of the attendant strategic, cultural and technological challenges and supports members through advocacy, workforce development, capacity-building and partnership.
The Bedern Declaration Launch is part of a wider programme of celebrations and community commitments to digital preservation which makes up International Digital Preservation Day (IDPD17) on 30th November. Organized by the DPC and supported by digital preservation networks around the world, IDPD17 draws together individuals and institutions from across the world to celebrate digital collections preserved, access maintained and understanding fostered by preserving digital materials.
Notes for Editors
- About the Bedern Group:
The Group was founded by the Archaeology Data Service, English Heritage (membership now through Historic England), The Royal Commission for Ancient and Historic Monuments of Scotland (now Historic Environment Scotland) and RCAHMW, who first met in the Bedern Hall, York in October 2011. The Bedern Group exists to provide a forum for organizations which have special interest in the long-term management of data specifically that of the historic environment. The meetings are facilitated and chaired by the Digital Preservation Coalition so that it is not led by any one agency.
- About the Bedern Group Members:
- Archaeology Data Service – The Archaeology Data Service (ADS) is a discipline specific repository hosted by the University of York with over 20 years of experience preserving digital archaeological data. The ADS supports research, learning and teaching with freely available, high quality and dependable digital resources. The ADS promotes good practice in the use of digital data in archaeology, it provides technical advice to the research community, and supports the deployment of digital technologies: _URL_
- Historic England – Historic England is the public body that looks after England's historic environment, championing historic places, helping people understand, value and care for them: _URL_
- Historic Environment Scotland – Historic Environment Scotland is the lead public body set up to investigate, care for and promote Scotland's historic environment: _URL_
- About RCHAMW – The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales has a leading national role in developing and promoting understanding of the archaeological, built and maritime heritage of Wales, as the originator, curator and supplier of authoritative information for individual, corporate and governmental decision makers, researchers, and the general public: _URL_
- About the Digital Preservation Coalition
The Digital Preservation Coalition (DPC) is a membership organization which enables members to deliver resilient long-term access to digital content and services, helping them to derive enduring value from digital collections and raising awareness of the attendant strategic, cultural and technological challenges they face. The DPC achieves its aims through advocacy, workforce development, capacity-building and partnership: _URL_
- About International Digital Preservation Day
International Digital Preservation Day is held on the last Thursday of every November. This year, the first ever International Digital Preservation Day on 30th November 2017 will draw together individuals and institutions from across the world to celebrate the collections preserved, the access maintained, and the understanding fostered by preserving digital materials. The aim of the day is to create greater awareness of digital preservation that will translate into a wider understanding which permeates all aspects of society – business, policy making, personal good practice. Organised by the DPC and supported by digital preservation networks around the world, International Digital Preservation Day will provide a window into the daily activities of those involved with or contemplating digital preservation. Data creators, curators and consumers from around the world are invited to share stories of their own 'digital preservation day.'
- Photos available from/after the launch event
Head of Communications & Advocacy
Tel: 01904 601952
Dr. William Kilbride,
Tel: 0141 _PHONE_

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The breeding industry plays an important role in modern agriculture, however, the odor of breeding farms has become a serious problem. The odor in farms mainly comes from harmful gases such as ammonia and sulfide produced by the decomposition of animal manure and urine. This not only affects the quality of life of residents near the farms, but also causes pollution to the environment. Therefore, how to effectively deodorize has become an important task for farm management.
Nantong Yueneng recommends a mainstream deodorization solution: install a deodorizing cooling pad behind the fan wall. The fan discharges harmful gases in the poultry house into the deodorizing cooling pad wall. Through filtration, flow and chemical reaction, deodorization is achieved. Stinky purpose.
This deodorization system uses the spray method and the deodorization wall composed of deodorization filters (plastic cooling pad) has stable flame retardancy, anti-clogging, anti-corrosion, long service life and safety. The unique design of the filter (plastic cooling pad) ensures that its specific surface is large. When the odor passes through, the liquid phase is used to absorb the gas phase. The odor fully contacts the water spread through the filter, and is chemically decomposed after being dissolved in the water. Achieve the purpose of deodorizing and reducing ammonia. The deodorization system is easy to operate, has low operation and maintenance costs, and has a low failure rate.
The working principle of ventilation and deodorization method is:
The deodorization system is installed behind the exhaust outlet of the exhaust fan on the side wall of the pig house. When the system operates, the water in the pool/sink is sent into the spray pipe through the water pump. The water is sprayed out through the nozzle along the exhaust direction of the fan to form water mist. Through the deodorizing layer composed of the deodorizing filter, the pig house odor discharged by the fan passes horizontally through the deodorizing layer. The odor comes into contact with the evenly distributed water in it for gas-liquid mixing. Part of the odor in the odor is ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and The dust is dissolved or washed by water, and the odor of the pig house is purified and discharged through the exhaust port of the deodorization system; the odor-treated water flows back to the pool/sink under the action of gravity, and is pumped out by the water pump to continue the above process, form a cycle.
At the same time, improving breeding management and environmental conditions is also the key to effectively reducing odor generation. Deodorization of breeding farms is an important task to ensure the sustainable development of the breeding industry and improve the living environment. Through the efforts of deodorizing farms, we can contribute to the sustainable development of the breeding industry and environmental protection.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Tuesday, July 21, 2009
Using SelfPopulatingCache in Ehcache
Often you can notice that Ehcache is used mostly like a tool that implements highly configurable maps. Sometimes developers configure time-to-live properties, or make use of disk-store functionality, but you can rarely meet someone who has cache population/eviction process that makes sense.
In the perfect world I would expect cache to be a universal pool. I request a value for a key and would like to get it whenever it is possible and as fast as possible with just one line of code. But in reality I usually can see huge cache population code on the application startup, daemon threads that update caches in eternal loop and numerous "ifs" around cache.get() calls.
In my strive to the perfect world I've discovered a SelfPopulatingCache class in Ehcache. In this article I will describe how using SelfPopulatingCache class one can implement a cache with self creating objects with optional auto-updating. In some way this example is an implementation of ideas mentioned in Ehcache documentation.
What you will see down here:
 - A Reader that fetches an object from cache 5 times every 0.5 seconds.
 - Behind scenes cache will create a new object if there is no such object is there in cache for a key requested.
 - A daemon thread will trigger cache refresh every 2 seconds.
The most important class in this example is ExampleCacheProvider.
What it does is creating simple Ehcache (original cache) and wrapping it with SelfPopulatingCache (selfPopulatingCache). We can use this class the same way as CacheManager, so one can consider extending CacheManager, but to keep it simple here we'll stick to this kind of cache source.
While wrapping we specify updatingFactory, which can be set to one of two options: ExampleCacheEntryFactory (line 19) and ExampleUpdatingCacheEntryFactory(line 21). For the purposes of this example the choice between this two options is done based on the "com.blogspot.mikler.java.cache.factory" system property value. The difference between this two is that ExampleCacheEntryFactory implements CacheEntryFactory interface, while ExampleUpdatingCacheEntryFactory extends ExampleCacheEntryFactory and implements UpdatingCacheEntryFactory. The difference between using each of this options is explained later on. Meanwhile here is the code of both classes.
ExampleUpdatingCacheEntryFactory :
As you can see in this example as cache element's key string used, while StringBuffer is used as a value. In createEntry() method in ExampleCacheEntryFactory StringBuffer is created with leading random number. While in updateEntryValue() method of ExampleUpdatingCacheEntryFactory existing StringBuffer length is appended to the buffer itself.
And finally, here goes our Reader main class. It fetches our wrapped cache, get's value for "foo" key from it and stores it into final local variable fooOriginalBuffer, that is never changed late in Reader's code. Then it starts doing 5 iterations of getting value for "foo" key from cache, displaying debug info and stats, and sleeping for one second. The code is simple as this.
Let's run it with both updatingFactory options.
Output of running the Reader with ExampleCacheEntryFactory (-Dcom.blogspot.mikler.java.cache.factory=create)
And here how the output looks like while running Reader with ExampleUpdatingCacheEntryFactory as updatingFactory (-Dcom.blogspot.mikler.java.cache.factory=update)
As you can see the output is quite different and here are some conclusions we come to from analyzing it:
 - No NullPointerException is occurs while trying to get object from cache that is not there. It is being created in both cases.
 - If updatingFactory is instance of CacheEntryFactory (ExampleCacheEntryFactory in our case) when cache.refresh() is called each object in cache is being recreated.
 - Also when updatingFactory is instance of CacheEntryFactory final fooOriginalBuffer variable is not updated.
 - Meanwhile in case when updatingFactory is instance of CacheEntryFactory (UpdatingCacheEntryFactory in our case) when cache.refresh() is called each object in cache gets updated instead of being recreated.
 - And final fooOriginalBuffer variable value is updated as well. (Actually this variable itself is passed to updateEntryValue() method of ExampleUpdatingCacheEntryFactory)
Besides the above conclusion, one can notice that using SelfPopulatingCache reduces scattering and tangling (see my "WTF is AOP article").
As usually, you can get source code for this post by running
svn co _URL_ SelfUpdatingEhCache
Leslie Lim said...
Silvia Jacinto said...


text:
The IDLgrTessellator class is a helper class that converts a simple concave polygon (or a simple polygon with holes) into a number of simple convex polygons (general triangles). A polygon is simple if it includes no duplicate vertices, if the edges intersect only at vertices, and exactly two edges meet at any vertex.
Tessellation is useful because the IDLgrPolygon object accepts only convex polygons. Using the IDLgrTessellator object, you can convert a concave polygon into a group of convex polygons.
The IDLgrTessellator::Init method takes no arguments. Use the following statement to create a tessellator object:
myTess = OBJ_NEW('IDLgrTessellator')
See IDLgrTessellator for details on creating tessellator objects.
The procedure file
obj_tess.pro, located in the
examples/visual subdirectory of the IDL distribution, provides an example of the use of the IDLgrTessellator object. To run the example, enter OBJ_TESS at the IDL prompt. The procedure creates a concave polygon, attempts to draw it, and then tessellates the polygon and re-draws. Finally, the procedure demonstrates adding a hole to a polygon. (You will be prompted to press Return after each step is displayed.) You can also inspect the source code in the
obj_tess.pro file for hints on using the tessellator object.


text:
Train your pooches to find their own treats with this interactive toy that rewards them for sniffing out where the treats are. When they slide the right plastic slider open, they are rewarded for being such clever boys and girls. Interactive toys are excellent to challenge them and for problem solving. After rough and tumble in the yard, do a few brain training exercises with them. Mix up different brain training toys to keep it stimulating and interesting.
* Brain training toys * Interactive dogs toy * Rewards dogs with treats * Keep your pooches stimulated * Problem solving for dogs * Size: 22x12cm


text:
The double satellite GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) is a project for exact determination of earth's gravitation field in a low orbit. On account of their correlated orbit, they got the nickname "Tom" and "Jerry". The two EADS Astrium-built satellites, each weighing just 480kg, were launched on 17 March 2002 by a Rockot launcher for a five-year mission. They are orbiting in tandem, flying at about 220km apart, but the exact distance between them is altered by the influence of the Earth's gravity. A microwave connection between the two satellites enables this fluctuating distance between them to be constantly determined to within a few thousandths of a millimeter, thereby'mapping' the Earth's gravitational field with unprecedented accuracy. It has been possible to detect minor gravitational changes, which result from revolving magma in the interior of the earth or from melting glaciers or shifting ocean currents, for the first time. The Grace satellites are the follow-on to the Champ mission, which was launched in 2000. They are based on EADS Astrium's Flexbus concept, enabling the satellites to be built very quickly at extremely low cost.
© EADS 2010


. This means that the coordinates of these atoms along the other two directions are null. The coordinate of a given atom along the x-direction is generated by multiplying the lattice index for the lattice size. The following piece of code shows how to implement the algorithm using for-loops. The variable x-axis is the lattice space in Angstrom units and nx is the number of lattice points along the x-direction.
xaxis = 3.0; /* this value can be given in input */
nx = 5;
xx[0] = 0;
for (i=1;i<=nx;i++) {
 xx[i] = i*xaxis;
}
We can extend the method for a 2 D lattice using a nested for-loop as in this code snippet:
xaxis = 3.;
yaxis = 3.;
nx=5;
ny=5;
xx[0] = 0.;
yy[0] = 0.;
for (i=0;i<nx;i++) {
 xx[i] = i*xaxis;
 for (j=0;j<ny;j++) {
 yy[j] = j*yaxis;
 }
}
Now putting together what we have learned from the last tutorial, we can write a code that generates the coordinates of a squared two-dimensional lattice and save them in xyz format. The code is reported in the appendix. The coordination in xyz format (filename out.xyz) can be visualized them using the program RasMol. If you run from the command line type RasMol –xyz 2dlattice.xyz.
With nx=10, and ny=1 you should get the 1D-dimensional lattice that is visualized with RasMol (background white, space fill) will look like the following picture
With nx=10, and ny=10 you should get the 2D-dimensional lattice that is visualized with RasMol (background white, ball&stick) will look like the following picture
EXERCISE 1. Extend the 2D lattice program to calculate coordinates of atoms in a 3D lattice for a given number of lattice points along the three axes (nx, ny, nz) and for a given lattice sizes (xaxis, yaxis, zaxis). You may want also to add the possibility to input these parameters from the keyboard to make the program more user-friendly.
APPENDIX
TABLE I: LENNARD-JONES PARAMETERS FOR NOBLE GASES
Gas\sigma/nm(\epsilon/k)/K
Ar0._PHONE_.2
Kr0._PHONE_.4
Xe0._PHONE_.4
Table I: Note the units express the final energies in kJ/mol and the distance in nanometers
PROGRAM I: Two dimensional cubic lattice generator
/*
 PROGRAM NAME : 2D reticulum generator
DESCRIPTION : the program generate one or two dimensional
lattices having nx,ny alternating atoms in the x
and y direction, respectively. The atoms are separated
ati equal distances xsize,ysize
number of atoms in each dimension to be set
AUTHOR : Danilo Roccatano
DATE : BREMEN, 2007
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main() {
 char sym1[]="Na";
 char sym2[]="Cl";
 char csym[3];
 float xaxis,yaxis;
 int nx,ny;
 int nn,n,nsel;
 float xx[10];
 float yy[10];
 float zz;
 /*
 * Initialize variables
 */
 xaxis=2.82;
 yaxis=2.82;
 nx=5;
 ny=5;
 zz=0.0;
 /*Opening output file*/
 FILE *fout;
 if (!(fout=fopen("2dlattice.xyz","w"))){
 printf ("Error opening file %s\n", "2dlattice.xyz");
 }
 /*Writing output header*/
 n=nx*ny;
 fprintf(fout,"%i\n",n);
 fprintf(fout,"%i %s%s-atoms in two dimensional rectangular lattice\n",n,sym1,sym2);
 nn=0;
 /*Computing and writing the lattice coordinates*/
 for(int i=0;i<nx;i++){
 xx[i]=i*xaxis;
 for(int j=0;j<ny;j++){
 yy[j]=j*yaxis;
 nn+=1;
 if (nn%2) strcpy(csym, sym1);
 else strcpy(csym,sym2);
 fprintf(fout,"%2s %8.3f %8.3f %8.3f %5d\n", csym, xx[i], yy[j], zz,nn);
 }
 }
 printf("Generated a rectangular lattice of %i %s%s-atoms. \n",n,sym1,sym2);
 fclose(fout);
}
AN EXAMPLE OF SOLUTION FOR THE PART 2
This is an example of the solution to the exercises for the last practical. The program read the parameters from the file "ljparam.dat" containing the following data.
LJ parameters
 3
 Atom_name sigma(A) epsilon(K)
 Ar 3.336000 141.200000
 Kr 3.575000 191.400000
 Xe 3.924000 257.400000
The program asks to choose two atoms types, then it calculates the combined parameters and asks for the maximum value of distance to calculate the value of the potential and the force. The values are stored in the file "Results.out", and they can be plotted with xmagrace (see the graph at the end).
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
int main() {
 char line[160],title[160];
 char aty[10];
 char yn[2];
 int k=1;
 int ia1,ia2;
 int np; // number of parametes in the library
 float V,s,s1,s2,e,e1,e2,F;
 float x,rmin,xmin,xmax,xinc;
 float C6,C12;
 float s6,ix6,ix;
 float sig[10];
 float eps[10];
 float kb=8.3145e-3; /*Boltzmann constant*Avogadro Number */
 FILE *fd;
 FILE *fout;
 /*
 * READ LJ PARAMETERS FROM A LIBRARY FILE
 */
 printf("\nREADING THE LJ PARAMETER FILE \n");
 if (!(fd=fopen("ljparam.dat","r"))){
 printf("\nError opening file %s\n", "ljparam.dat");
 }
 fgets (title, 80, fd);
 fgets (line, 80, fd);
 sscanf (line,"%d",&np);
 fgets (line, 80, fd);
 printf (" %s \n",line);
 while (fgets (line, 80, fd) != NULL){
 if (line[0] != '\n' && strlen(line) > 10) {
 sscanf (line,"%s%f%f",&aty[2*k],&sig[k],&eps[k]);
 printf ("%i %s %8.3f %8.3f\n",k, &aty[2*k],sig[k],eps[k]);
 k++;
 }
 }
 fclose(fd);
 /*
 * OPEN THE OUTPUT FILE
 */
 if (!(fout=fopen("Results.out","w"))){
 printf ("Error opening file %s\n", "Results.out");
 }
 /*Input for the atom types*/
 printf("\n");
 printf("Enter the atomtype for particle 1: ");
 scanf("%i",&ia1);
 printf("Enter the atomtype for particle 2: ");
 scanf("%i",&ia2);
 printf("\n");
 /*Berthelot-Lorenz mixing, etc.*/
 s=0.5*(sig[ia1]+sig[ia2])/10.;
 e=kb*sqrt(eps[ia1]*eps[ia2]);
 s6=pow(s,6);
 C6=4*e


Evaluate log base 0.01 of 4
Math
The change of base rule can be used if and are greater than and not equal to , and is greater than .
Substitute in values for the variables in the change of base formula, using .
The result can be shown in multiple forms.
Exact Form:
Decimal Form:
Evaluate log base 0.01 of 4
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text:
Exercise-25: Chopping wood
- Assume a sitting position with feet flat on the floor and knees fully bent and separated.
- Clasp the hands over the head with arms straight.
- Make chopping motions as if using an axe to chop wood.
- Inhale while raising the arms above the head.
- Exhale while bringing both arms dow.
- Repeat 10-20 times.
- Initially if squatting is difficult perform the asana from a standing position.
An ideal exercise for the chest and for exercising the sacral and vaginal muscles prior to child birth.


text:
On faculty development of STEM inclusive teaching practices
Faculty development of inclusive teaching practices has become more common in response to significant differences in STEM student retention between underrepresented minorities in the USA and students from other ethnic groups. Approaches to solve this have shifted from focusing on student deficits to changing campus culture, including the mindsets of instructors who teach STEM courses. In this article, I argue that based on the literature informing the conceptual frameworks used for faculty development in inclusive teaching, faculty developers should reframe the message of their workshops to focus participants more on the scope of the journey, and shift the direction of overall efforts some to redevelop pedagogical training at the graduate and postdoc levels. Informed by historical as well as recent theories on the role of higher education to society, I highlight the areas of the literature that can effectively inform our current approaches to inclusion. I also briefly review the reasons why this approach is needed, and include suggestions for new faculty development approaches for long-term sustainable change in STEM inclusive education at the postsecondary level.


text:
Comical caricatures of performers were especially popular in Szechwan Province during the Eastern Han dynasty (A.D. 25-220). Used as tomb figurines, they provided entertainment in the afterlife, and an entire troupe might be interred with the deceased. Drummers like the one represented here specialized in a kind of storytelling that was part spoken, part sung. This one sings merrily, his brow wrinkled in laughter. His heavy body suggests he may be a dwarf. Performers of similar build appear on Han tomb tiles decorated with scenes of juggling and sword balancing.
Although ceramic Han tomb figures were mass-produced, this type is surely one of the most engaging and expressive examples of Han dynasty figural art.


text:
THE TECHNIQUE : SERAPE
The serape is a universally recognized symbol of Mexico - colorful and versatile, this beautiful textile has a rich history and tradition that continues today. Originally, serapes were intended as an inexpensive piece of outerwear, worn over the shoulders as a poncho or shawl. Serapes originated with the Chichimec people of Coahuila, in northeastern Mexico. Serapes are still made in that region today, but have made their way into modern Mexican culture and history.
The word "serape" refers to the traditional striped weave of the blanket, which is woven into the soft cotton on a hand loom. The vibrant colors are a result of hand-dying each fiber before weaving them together. The largest stripe is the primary color, and is complemented with smaller stripes throughout the weave. The vibrant colors and beautiful weaving reflect traditional Mexican techniques and the rich history that accompanies them.
Camaxtli is comprised of 13 artisans in San Bernardino Contla in Tlaxcala, Mexico. They masterfully weave beautiful serapes using traditional techniques and designs that originate from the community of Saltillo. Camaxtli helps these artisans find an outlet for their product and reach a broader audience. By making the serapes, the artisans are able to earn an income and preserve a cultural heritage that connects them to their roots.


Yemen: Homeless families in Taiz
0 13
Many of the displaced people in the city of Taiz western Yemen, are recently homeless in bitter situations, as a result of the destruction of their homes by the ongoing civil war in Yemen in the absence of appeals to claim securing housing for them.
During the recent times a lot of displaced families started to take the streets of Taiz western Yemen as homes for them after the destruction of their homes due to the ongoing civil war in the country.
In this corner of Jamal street in Taiz governorate, western Yemen, Um Riham lives with her two daughters on cartons, so the street tells a story of the homelessness in Taiz by asking people about their daily bread, and their two daughters.
Many of the displaced heade to build a cattege of cartons and cloth to shield them from the summer's heat and the winter's cold, hoping to stabilize their lives.
It is worth to mention that the civil war in Yemen has caused the displacement of hundreds of families as a result of the destruction of homes and buildings.
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text:
Definition of domed
a. - Furnished with a dome; shaped like a dome.
The word "domed" uses 5 letters: D D E M O.
No direct anagrams for domed found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after domed (in bold), or to ddemo in any order:
e - demode demoed g - dodgem l - molded o - doomed
Shorter words found within domed:
de demo do doe dom dome ed eddo em me med mo mod mode od odd ode oe om
List shorter words within domed, sorted by length
Words formed from any letters in domed, plus an optional blank or existing letter
List all words starting with domed, words containing domed or words ending with domed
All words formed from domed by changing one letter
Other words with the same letter pairs: do om me ed
Browse words starting with domed by next letter
Previous word in list: dome
Next word in list: domelike
Some random words: geanticline


predicate succeeds when '?Sets' is the list of disjoint sets on the +UnionFind structure.
Example
Kruskal's algorithm is a minimum-spanning-tree algorithm which finds an edge of the least possible weight that connects any two trees in the forest. It is a greedy algorithm in graph theory as it finds a minimum spanning tree for a connected weighted graph adding increasing cost arcs at each step.
:- use_module(library(union_find_assoc)).
kruskal(g(Vertices-Edges), g(Vertices-Tree)) :-
 union_find_assoc(UF, Vertices),
 keysort(Edges, Sorted),
 kruskal(UF, Sorted, Tree).
kruskal(_, [], []).
kruskal(UF0, [Edge|Edges], [Edge|Tree]) :-
 Edge = _-(V1, V2),
 find_assoc(UF0, V1, R1, UF1),
 find_assoc(UF1, V2, R2, UF2),
 R1 \== R2, !,
 union_assoc(UF2, V1, V2, UF3),
 kruskal(UF3, Edges, Tree).
kruskal(UF, [_|Edges], Tree) :-
 kruskal(UF, Edges, Tree).
!Kruskal's algorithm
?- kruskal(g([a,b,c,d,e,f,g]-[7-(a,b), 5-(a,d), 8-(b,c), 7-(b,e), 9-(b,d), 5-(c,e), 15-(d,e), 6-(d,f), 8-(e,f), 9-(e,g), 11-(f,g)]), Tree).
% Tree = g([a,b,c,d,e,f,g]-[5-(a,d),5-(c,e),6-(d,f),7-(a,b),7-(b,e),9-(e,g)]).
License
Source code is released under the terms of the BSD 3-Clause License.
Contents of pack "union_find"
Pack contains 5 files holding a total of 18.3K bytes.


text: Irregular Pyramids are defined as a stack of successively reduced graphs. Each vertex of a reduced graph is associated to a set of vertices in the base level graph named its receptive field. If the initial graph is deduced from a planar sampling grid its reduced versions are planar and each receptive field is a region of the initial grid. Combinatorial Pyramids are defined as a stack of successively reduced combinatorial maps. Combinatorial maps are based on half edges named darts and the receptive field of a dart is a sequence of darts in the base level combinatorial map. We present in this paper preliminary results showing how to define regions from the receptive fields of the darts.


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text:
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) gels were formed in y-butyrolactone; the critical polymer concentration for gel formation was 4.5 g per 100 cm 3. Gelation was caused by liquid-liquid phase separation, even if solid-liquid phase separation by crystallization occurred in the late stage of gelation, as shown by the formation of transparent gel, a relatively small enthalpy of gel formation and the existence of two types of crystal structures. In the dried gel films many spherulites connected by tie molecules were observed by scanning electron microscopy; the existence of such tie molecules is likely to make the formation of the gel films possible.
Посилання на статтю:
Thermoreversible gelation of poly(vinylidene fluoride) in -butyrolactone solution / Jae Whan Cho* and Ha Yool Song and Sang Yong Kim // Polymer. – 1993. – Vol 34. – P. _PHONE_.


text:
As a record of pupil achievements
at KS2 Passport provides tangible
information to KS3 teachers to build
upon that success. A choice of investigations
and structured follow-up helps you
plan the elusive smoother transition.
Many primary and secondary schools
currently organise transition events
for pupils. Passport offers
a standard framework to make this
process easier for teachers.
Passport could also be used
as a stand alone activity in Year
6, to help pupils focus on their investigative
skills. Trial schools have found this
useful for post-SATs resources.
Passport is presented as a
colour or black and white pdf file
to print out which pupils write on.
pdf file contains an A5 twelve page
pupil booklet. The six pages should
be printed back to back.
additional sheet of visa stamps
can be printed onto sticky labels
or cut and pasted by pupils into
Page 1 - Cover
A designed cover for pupils.
Page 2 - Personal details
Name, school, class
Page 3 - Personal data
A record of personal features e.g.
height and eye colour in Year 6 and
Year 7. This gives an opportunity
to introduce variation in QCA Unit
7D, as some features change whilst
others remain the same.
A section on Good health. Pupils record
their vaccinations as they would in
a normal passport. This could be linked
to work on micro-organisms.
Page 4 - About yourself
Pupils think about the relevance
of science to their everyday lives.
When first asked to name a scientist
in their family many pupils will find
it difficult to give an answer. Pupils
think about different jobs that friends
and family do and begin to appreciate
where the science fits in.
Page 5 - My scientific skills
You choose your own criteria for
awarding 'Visas' to pupils as rewards
Practical visas. Pupils record their
skills so they can see their progression
through KS2 and 3. They learn to use
different equipment with a higher
degree of accuracy.
Page 6 - Apparatus visa
Pupils tick off pieces of apparatus
as they become competent with them.
Some can to be completed in Year 7
to show pupils their progression.
Page 7 - Vocabulary visa
Pupils keep a record of scientific
terms during Year 6 to take into Year
Pages 8-11 - Investigations visa
A choice of three investigations
to begin at KS2 and complete at KS3.
These pages are left blank for pupils
to record their investigations.
Page 12 - Where you have been
Pupils record web sites they use
for research during Year 6. They record
science visits with an official stamp
from the science centre.
The three investigation topics have
been chosen for their clear continuity
in content between the two key stages.
The Year 6 activities dovetail easily
with Year 7 units that can be covered
in September, and alternative activities
have been produced for children who
have not completed Passport
in Year 6. Choose from:
Looking at habitats and adaptations.
This activity is fun for the summer
term. The amount of fieldwork required
is flexible and options for different
habitats mean that school geography
is not a barrier. Communication, group
work and literacy are highlighted
at different points in the activity.
Uses easily resourced and much-loved
jelly dissolving to build investigative
practical skills, including predictions,
analysis and evaluation.
Focusing on their faces, pupils collect
variation data that draws them into
the world of the Ancient Greek 'Golden
ratio'. Numeracy is highlighted by
pupils calculating simple ratios.
Many primary schools trialled Passport
last term with some using their own
different investigations. We are eager
for feedback as to whether you would
find a generic writing frame useful
for the investigations. If so, what
sort of sections should be included?
Let us know by email to:


text:
How to draw Po from Kung Fu Panda. Learn to draw cartoon, Kung Fu Panda Po. From step by step drawing and video tutorial. Learn how to draw Manga, Anime, and comics. Drawing and sketching anime technique for manga, cartoon and comics. Draw and Sketch Cartoon character, Kung Fu Panda in action pose. Learn from Step by step and video tutorial. The process shows drawing and sketching video series of comic book characters that will help you gain knowledge of its cartoon anatomy and dynamics in the positioning of the figure and the details.
Po Ping or Po is the main protagonist of the Kung Fu Panda series. He is the adoptive son of Mr. Ping and one of Master Shifu's students at the Jade Palace. Po is also the prophesied Dragon Warrior, as well as the warrior of black and white. Po's dreams become reality when he joins the world of Kung Fu and studies alongside his idols, the legendary Furious Five (Tigress, Crane, Mantis, Viper and Monkey) under the leadership of their guru, Master Sifu.
Here is a drawing of Po from Kung Fu Panda.
Watch the drawing video tutorial how to draw Po from Kung Fu Panda
Here is an easy geometry break down of the character to understand the drawing.
Below are step by step drawing Po to go along with the video lesson with detail instruction.


_id2 is specified.
-local_mac_addr
Specifies the starting MAC address. You can use this argument when -encapsulation is set to ETHERNETII, THERNETII_LLC_SNAP, or ETHERNETII_VC_MUX. The values must be in MAC address format.
-local_mac_addr_step
Specifies the increment for the MAC address. The default value is 00:00:00:00:00:01. You can use this argument when -encapsulation is set to ETHERNETII, ETHERNETII_LLC_SNAP, or ETHERNETII_VC_MUX.
-local_mac_addr_repeat
Specifies the number of times a MAC address is to be repeated before the step is applied to the MAC address. The default value is 0. You can use this argument when -encapsulation is set to ETHERNETII, ETHERNETII_LLC_SNAP, or ETHERNETII_VC_MUX.
-local_ip_addr
Specifies the starting IPv4 address. The values must be in IPv4 format. This argument is available when -transport_type is set to ipv4.
-local_ip_addr_step
Specifies the IPv4 address step for increment. The values must be in IPv4 format. The default value is 0.0.0.1. This argument is available when -transport_type is set to ipv4.
-local_ip_addr_repeat
Specifies the number of times an IPv4 address is to be repeated before the step specified by the -local_ip_addr_step argument is applied to the MAC address specified by -local_ip_addr. The default value is 0. This argument is available when -transport_type is set to ipv4.
-local_ip_prefix_len
Spirent Extension (for Spirent HLTAPI only).
Specifies the prefix length on the emulated device. Possible values range from 0 to 32. The default value is 24. This argument is available when -transport_type is set to ipv4.
-local_ipv6_addr
Spirent Extension (for Spirent HLTAPI only).
Specifies the starting IPv6 address. The values must be in IPv6 format. This argument is available when -transport_type is set to ipv6.
-local_ipv6_addr_step
Spirent Extension (for Spirent HLTAPI only).
address step for increment. The values must be in IPv6. This argument is available when -transport_type is set to ipv6.
-local_ipv6_addr_repeat
Spirent Extension (for Spirent HLTAPI only).
Specifies the number of times an IPv6 address is to be repeated before the step specified by the -local_ipv6_addr_step argument is applied to the MAC address specified by -local_ipv6_addr. The default value is 0. This argument is available when -transport_type is set to ipv6.
-local_ipv6_prefix_len
Spirent Extension (for Spirent HLTAPI only).
Specifies the IPv6 prefix length on the emulated device. Possible values range from 0 to 128. The default value is 64.This argument is available when -transport_type is set to ipv6.
-remote_ip_addr
Specifies the IPv4 address of the SUT. The values must be in IPv4 format. This argument is available when -transport_type is set to ipv4.
-remote_ip_addr_step
Specifies the increment step for the SUT IPv4 address. The values must be in IPv4 format. The default is 0.0.0.0. This argument is available when -transport_type is set to ipv4.
-remote_ipv6_addr
Spirent Extension (for Spirent HLTAPI only).
Specifies the IPv6 address of the SUT. The values must be in IPv6 format. This argument is available when -transport_type is set to ipv6.
-remote_ipv6_addr_step
Spirent Extension (for Spirent HLTAPI only).
Specifies the increment step for the SUT IPv6 address. The values must be in IPv6 format. This argument is available when -transport_type is set to ipv6.
-ptp_session_mode
Defines the type of the destination address. Possible values are describe below:
multicast - Sends multicast PTP messages to learnt or configured
 devices. This is the default.
unicast - Sends unicast PTP messages to configured devices.
Note
The unicast is not supported by Spirent HLTAPI.
-ipv4_priority
Specifies the service class of the Type of Service (TOS) field in an IPv4 header. You can configure different arguments when you choose different options for this argument. Possible values are:
tos - Type of service. TOS specifies a preference for how the
 datagram would be handled. This is the default.
diff-serv - Differentiated services (DiffServ).
 Differentiated Services classify and manage network traffic
 and provide quality of service (QoS) guarantees on IP
 networks.
-ip_tos_field
Configures the IPv4 header's TOS bits. The values must be in hexadecimal format. Possible values range from 0x0 to 0xFF. The default value is 0x0. This argument is available when -ipv4_priority is set to tos. .. note:: When -tos_** and -ip_tos_field are configured at the same time, the priority of -ip_tos_field is higher.
-tos_precedence
Configures the precedence of the IPv4 TOS field. It is an independent measurement of the datagram importance. Possible values are routine, priority, immediate, flash, flash-override, critic-ecp, internet-control, network-control, and internet-control. This argument is available when -ipv4_priority is set to tos. The default is internet-control.
-tos_delay
Configures the delay of the IPv4 TOS field. This field indicates the importance of the prompt delivery for the datagram delivery. This argument is available when you specify -ipv4_priority tos. Possible values are described below:
normal - The importance of the prompt delivery is normal.
 This is the default.
low - The importance of the prompt delivery is low.
-tos_throughput
Configures the throughput of the IPv4 TOS field. This argument is available when you specify -ipv4_priority tos. This field indicates the importance of the high data rate for this datagram. Possible values are described below:
normal - The importance of high data rate is normal.
 This is the default.
high - The importance of high data rate is high.
-tos_reliability
Configures the reliability of the IPv4 TOS field. This field indicates the importance of a higher level effort to ensure delivery for this datagram. This argument is available when you specify -ipv4_priority tos. Possible values are described below:
normal - The importance of reliability is normal. This is the
 default.
high - The importance of reliability is high.
-tos_monetary_cost
Configures the monetary cost of the IPv4 TOS field. This argument is available when you specify -ipv4_priority tos. Possible values are described below:
normal - The importance is normal. This is the default.
minimize - The importance is minimum.
-tos_unused
Unused bits in the IPv4 TOS. This argument is available when you specify -ipv4_priority tos. The values must be in hexadecimal format. Possible values range from 0x0 to 0xF. The default value is 0x0.
-diff_default
Defines the default value of the DiffServ bits. Possible values range from 0 to 255. This argument is available when you specify -ipv4_priority diff-serv. The values must be integers. When you specify the -diff_default argument and the -diff_* arguments at the same time, the -diff_* arguments will be ignored.
-diff_class
Defines the diff-serviceclass type. Possible values range from 0 (class 0) to 7 (class 7). This argument is available when you specify -ipv4_priority diff-serv. This argument will be ignored when you specify -diff_assured_forwarding or -diff_explicit_forwarding.
-diff_assured_forwarding
Defines the diff-service assured forwarding that gives the assurance of delivery under different conditions. Possible values are:
class1-low-drop, class1-medium-drop, class1-high-drop,
class2-low-drop, class2-medium-drop, class2-high-drop,
class3-low-drop, class3-medium-drop, class3-high-drop,
class4-low-drop, class4-medium-drop, and class4-high-drop.
The assured forwarding defines the drop rate of three levels: low, medium, and high. "high drop"


text:
This study explores the synergistic integration of natural fruit-derived dyes, extracted from diverse fruits, including raspberry and pomegranate, within the framework of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC). Concurrently, it employs an innovative approach involving the electro-spraying technique to deposit titanium oxide, optimizing its interface within the solar cell structure.
The investigation delves into the extraction and characterization of light-absorbing dyes from raspberry, pomegranate, and similar fruits, highlighting their suitability for photovoltaic applications. These natural dyes are then seamlessly integrated into the DSSC architecture, replacing conventional synthetic dyes, aiming to enhance light absorption and electron transfer.
Furthermore, the study introduces the application of electro-sprayed titanium oxide as a critical component in the photoactive layer. This technique allows precise deposition of titanium oxide, facilitating improved surface morphology and charge transport properties within the solar cell structure.


Pentadecagon Explained
Regular pentadecagon
A regular pentadecagon is represented by Schläfli symbol.
A regular pentadecagon has interior angles of 156°, and with a side length a, has an area given by
\sqrt{7+2\sqrt{5}+2\sqrt{15+6\sqrt{5}}}a2\\ &=
\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{15}+ \sqrt{2}\sqrt{5+\sqrt{5}}\right)\\ &\simeq17.6424a2. \end{align}
A regular triangle, decagon, and pentadecagon can completely fill a plane vertex.
As 15 = 3 × 5, a product of distinct Fermat primes, a regular pentadecagon is constructible using compass and straightedge: The following constructions of regular pentadecagons with given circumcircle are similar to the illustration of the proposition XVI in Book IV of Euclid's Elements.[1]
Compare the construction according Euclid in this image: Pentadecagon
In the construction for given circumcircle:
is a side of equilateral triangle and
is a side of a regular pentagon.[2] The point
divides the radius
in golden ratio:
} = \frac = \frac = \Phi \approx 1.618 \text
Compared with the first animation (with green lines) are in the following two images the two circular arcs (for angles 36° and 24°) rotated 90° counterclockwise shown. They do not use the segment
, but rather they use segment
as radius
for the second circular arc (angle 36°).
A compass and straightedge construction for a given side length. The construction is nearly equal to that of the pentagon at a given side, then also the presentation is succeed by extension one side and it generates a segment, here
which is divided according to the golden ratio:
Side length
\begin{align} R&=a
\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{5}+2\sqrt{15+6\sqrt{5}}}a\\ &=
a2.40486 ⋅ a \end{align}
The regular pentadecagon has Dih15 dihedral symmetry, order 30, represented by 15 lines of reflection. Dih15 has 3 dihedral subgroups: Dih5, Dih3, and Dih1. And four more cyclic symmetries: Z15, Z5, Z3, and Z1, with Zn representing π/n radian rotational symmetry.
On the pentadecagon, there are 8 distinct symmetries. John Conway labels these symmetries with a letter and order of the symmetry follows the letter.[3] He gives r30 for the full reflective symmetry, Dih15. He gives d (diagonal) with reflection lines through vertices, p with reflection lines through edges (perpendicular), and for the odd-sided pentadecagon i with mirror lines through both vertices and edges, and g for cyclic symmetry. a1 labels no symmetry.
These lower symmetries allows degrees of freedoms in defining irregular pentadecagons. Only the g15 subgroup has no degrees of freedom but can seen as directed edges.
There are three regular star polygons:,,, constructed from the same 15 vertices of a regular pentadecagon, but connected by skipping every second, fourth, or seventh vertex respectively.
There are also three regular star figures:,,, the first being a compound of three pentagons, the second a compound of five equilateral triangles, and the third a compound of three pentagrams.
The compound figure can be loosely seen as the two-dimensional equivalent of the 3D compound of five tetrahedra.
Deeper truncations of the regular pentadecagon and pentadecagrams can produce isogonal (vertex-transitive) intermediate star polygon forms with equal spaced vertices and two edge lengths.[4]
Petrie polygons
The regular pentadecagon is the Petrie polygon for some higher-dimensional polytopes, projected in a skew orthogonal projection:
It is also the Petrie polygon for the great 120-cell and grand stellated 120-cell.
See also
Notes and References
 1. Book: Dunham, William. 1991. Journey through Genius - The Great Theorems of Mathematics. Penguin. 2015-11-12. 65. the University of Kentucky College of Arts & Sciences Mathematics.
 2. Book: Kepler, Johannes, translated and initiated by MAX CASPAR 1939. WELT-HARMONIK. 2015-12-07. 44. Google Books. de. Retrieved on June 5, 2017
 3. [John H. Conway]


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Step 2: Teach Lesson
Start by asking the student: "Do you like insects?" "What is your favorite insect?" Write on board a list of a few insects and how
many legs the insect has.
Today, we are going to learn how to take "data" and put it into a bar graph.
Using data from the introduction, show the students how you would put that information into a bar graph. Introduce the parts of the
bar graph: title and measurements
Show students how to draw the lines on the graph paper. Input "Name of Insect and number of legs" data
Have the student create their own bar graph with the bag of plastic insects: give the students graph paper and tell them they will now
assemble their own bar graph, they will have to collect the data by using the bugs in their bags, then fill in their graph with the data
they collect. (Examples of data collected: same type of insect, number of legs, eyes, wings, size, etc.)
What did you learn today? What did you like about today's activity? How can we make it better next time?
Step 3: Complete the worksheet attached below.
Worksheet for extra practice with answer key
Step 4: Review. Start the next lesson with the game or activity attached below for review so the student can demonstrate
understanding of this lesson before moving forward.
Insect Tally (offline) worksheetIntroducing tally marks in a bar graph


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Place lights and Volumetric
Let's put a projector Light
Right click>Lights>Projector Light>Spot Light.
This light type and the directional light are currently the only ones able to generate a shadow map and therefor to cast shadows.
If you expand this newly created light, you'll see that this "spot light" preset will simply create a projector light projection a white uniform with a radial mask to create the Illusion of a round light. Note that you can put anything inside a projector light (Images / videos / compositions) and create some very nice stuff with it.
Now place the Light and set it up like on the screenshot below. As you see vertical/ horizontal frustum is there to set up the angle of view of the projector (as in a camera), in simpler terms: it's width and eight
Place Point Lights
Right click>Lights>Point Light.
Place and set up the Point lights as showed below.
Just a hint : as "Fall off" and some other settings are the same on every lights, configure the first light and then Ctrl+D or Ctrl+drag and Drop in the tree to duplicate them.
And before the next step, let's turn Off the volumetric parameter of theses Point lights so when we'll activate them only the Projector Light will generate a volumetric light. To do so, go into the Point light Advenced parameters and....turn int off :
As you may see, every color parameters (Diffuse / Specular / Diffuse) can be set up independently. Currently we set up the light to have a diffuse light intensity of 0 but we could as well simply had dis-activated the diffuse color.
And now, just add a volumetric Special Layer Right click>Special Layers>Volumetric Light.
And set it up like that :
Brightness is quite an obvious parameter and Quality will drive the number of volumetric samples this effect will use.
Once created, this special layer will generate volumetric from every Lights on which this option is turned on (by default it is on every Light). This layer is placed after the geometries because Smode had tom compute them for the depth buffer to be accurate when it's Volumetric light turn. Try to put this layer after or before the geometries in the tree to understand what it does.


From Misunderstanding to Understanding 3
Misunderstanding causes a lot of problems. Misunderstanding causes relationship breakdowns. Misunderstanding the Bible would produce followers with strange behaviors. Similarly, when human beings misunderstand God, the outcome would be distorted beliefs and actions.
By and large, Jonah's actions are indications of his misunderstanding of God. One of the misunderstandings is God's salvation plan for the Gentiles.


text: Superconducting microresonators are powerful tools for measuring electron paramagnetic resonance in very small sample volumes. By keeping the thickness of the superconductor below a penetration depth, and aligning the DC magnetic field in the plane of the superconductor, high fields (much larger than the critical field) are possible. With transmission-line geometry resonators (typically coplanar waveguide structures) the mode volume can be a few microns in two dimensions, while of order a wavelength in the third dimension. By utilizing unique properties of superconductors, such as large kinetic inductance, the length of the resonators can be substantially reduced, and planar lumped-element structures can be smaller still. Here we will discuss transmission-line structures which employ "mirrors" consisting of a periodically modulated impedance transmission line. Coplanar waveguide based structures of this variety have a continuous center conductor, allowing DC and low-frequency driving signals, as well as the microwaves for the EPR. A DC current can be used to electrically tune a resonator, using kinetic inductance, though here we will discuss ENDOR experiments in which the RF current is driven through the center conductor. We demonstrate this ENDOR microresonator using phosphorus and arsenic donors in isotopically enriched silicon. Surprisingly, the nuclear spin transitions can also be driven by a resonant electric field (no current) applied to the center pin. For Si:P the effect appears to be mediated by the hyperfine interaction between the donor electron and the nuclear spin. In the case of Si:As, however, the nuclear spins are being driven directly through the nuclear quadrupole interaction. These appear to be the first observations of quadrupolar nuclear electric resonance in a nonpolar crystal.


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Friday, August 06, 2004
What Is Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)
Synchronous Optical NETwork (SONET) is the North American transmission standard for transporting information over Fiber Optic Transmission Systems. SONET represents a fundamental change from asynchronous technology in the process of planning and designing fiber networks. It provides a standard, optical interface for the interconnectivity and interoperability of network transmission equipment. Essentially, SONET adds thousands of additional traffic lanes to the information highway for voice, data, video, and imaging traffic.
posted by Dietrich Bonhoeffer at 6:29 AM


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This paper studies the problem of high-precision positioning of laser beams by using a robust Fractional-Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative (FOPID) controller. The control problem addressed in laser beams aims to maintain the position of the laser beam on a Position Sensing Device (PSD) despite the effects of noise and active disturbances. The FOPID controller is well known for its simplicity with better tuning flexibility along with robustness to noise and output disturbance rejections. Thus, a control strategy based on FOPID to achieve the control objectives has been proposed. The FOPID gains and differentiation orders are optimally tuned in order to fulfill the robustness design specifications by solving a nonlinear optimization problem. A comparison to the conventional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) and robust PID is also provided from simulation and experiment set-up. Due to sensor noise, practical PID controllers that filter the position signal before taking the derivative have been also proposed. Experimental results show that the requirements are totally met for the laser beam platform to be stabilized.
|Original language||English (US)|
|Title of host publication||2017 IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications (CCTA)|
|Publisher||Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)|
|Number of pages||7|
|State||Published - Oct 24 2017|


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Tuesday, June 26, 2012
Running in the woods twice as good as running in a gym for mental health
The study showed that the positive effect on people's mental health was 50 per cent more than they might expect from going to the gym. The researchers at Glasgow University found that being around trees and grass lowered brain stress levels.
The study, led by Prof Richard Mitchell, polled nearly 2000 physically active people. In an interview, Prof Mitchell said he was "surprised" by the scale of the results, adding: "There was around a 50 per cent improvement in people's mental health if they were physically active in the natural environment, compared to those who weren't. These aren't serious mental health issues, more struggles in general life, things like mild depression, not being able to sleep, high stress levels or just feelings of not being able to cope. It seems that woodland and forest seem to have the biggest effect on helping to lower mental health problems. That makes sense with what we thought we knew. That is, the brain likes to be in the natural environment and it reacts to being there by turning down our stress response.
Being in areas that have lots of trees and grassy areas help to calm us down, and obviously a forest has this. I wasn't surprised by the findings that exercise in natural environments is good for your mental health, but I was surprised by just how much better it is for your mental health to exercise in a green place like a forest, than in other places like the gym. The message to doctors, planners and policy makers is that these places need protecting and promoting."
He added that taking a decision to exercise in a natural environment once a week could be enough to gain some benefit, and any additional use could have a bigger effect.
Posted by John Desmond at Tuesday, June 26, 2012


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A colleague recently asked me for some input on leading a team's first retrospective:
I am leading a team's first retrospective soon. From my initial research, it seems many of the participants are "scared to death" (mainly because they do not know what to expect). There is also speculation that it will be a challenge to get those same people to speak up. Any suggestions?
One thing that I've found to be helpful in making everyone feel comfortable to talk is doing an icebreaker activity in which everyone speaks. For a team that was new to me and was having its first retrospective, I started with a simple "emotion check-in" (on a post-it, write a word or phrase about how you're feeling right now). Instead of having them read their own, I had them put them in a hat, pass the hat back around and pull out someone else's, and read it. That gave them a chance to speak without any real pressure. Studies have shown that when someone speaks once, he or she is more likely to speak again.


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Fourteen of the world's leading space agencies published their agreed vision for globally co-ordinated space exploration in a document called The Global Exploration Strategy: The Framework for Co-ordination.
The document outlines the rationale for society to explore space, defines the current focus and process of space exploration, the current interest in returning to the Moon and exploring Mars, and proposes a framework for the future co-ordination of global space exploration.
Science and Innovation Minister Malcolm Wicks said: 'This document marks the start of a new era of space exploration. Since the launch of Sputnik in 1957, we have learnt much about how to explore space and have experienced the benefits of scientific discoveries in our everyday lives. Innovations such as exploiting space for global communications, weather forecasting and helping emergency services have all flowed from the first half-century of space exploration.
'During this century we are sure to see some fantastic voyages of discovery as robots and humans venture further into our Solar System. What they learn will excite and inspire new generations to get involved in science and create new technology that could benefit the whole economy.
'The Framework for Co-ordination sets out a common vision for a new era of international collaboration. I welcome the fact that the
The British National Space Centre, which co-ordinates


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Vladimir Pavlovic and Thomas S. Huang
The surge of interest in multimedia and multimodal interfaces has prompted the need for novel estimation, prediction, and classification techniques for data from different but coupled modalities. Unimodal techniques ported to this domain have only exhibited limited success. We propose a new framework for feature estimation, prediction, and classification based on multimodal knowledge-constrained hidden Markov models (HMMs). The classical role of HMMs as statistical classifiers is enhanced by their new role as multimodal feature predictors. Moreover, by fusing the multimodal formulation with higher level knowledge we allow the influence of such knowledge to be reflected in feature prediction and tracking as well as in feature classification.


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This form enables a Ministry Unit to calculate their operational carbon footprint for an average month.
The Sustainability Fieldworker will follow up and send you a report/summary of your Ministry Unit's operational carbon footprint - along with some ideas and resources for reducing/offsetting church carbon footprint and creating a Ministry Unit Climate Action Plan.
Before starting this form, please check that you have all the information required about the Ministry Unit's operations - where relevant:
- Energy usage: electricity bills (ideally from the last 12 months); gas bills (ideally from the last 12 months); LPG bottles used per month; other fuels used per month
- Waste production: noticing composting/recycling habits, average amount of rubbish put out each month - how many bags/bins and what size
- Staff or volunteer travel (only include what is reimbursed by the Ministry Unit operations): air travel undertaken by staff/volunteers in the last 12 months; Kms traveled by Ministry Unit staff/volunteers in the last month AND type of vehicle used
- Any offsetting that the church currently does of their carbon footprint (tree planting/purchasing carbon credits)
Optionally - you may wish to explore how church attendees arrived at church on a particular Sunday to receive an estimated Sunday travel carbon footprint figure. Data for this can be collected through a survey (show of hands, or anonymous) or counting cars in the car park on Sunday and multiplying by an estimating distance traveled.
Questions to explore:
1. How many petrol/diesel vehicles were used to transport church attendees to church on Sunday? (count drivers/vehicles)
2. For those who drove using a petrol/diesel car - how far did they drive to get to church from home? (less than 5km, 5-10km, 10-20km, further than 20kms)
3. How many people use public transport, carpool, or drive an EV?
4. How many church attendees arrived at church via active transport? (walking, cycling, etc.)
The information provided here is collected by the Auckland Diocesan Sustainability Fieldworker and uses the free Toitū household carbon footprint calculator to arrive at a figure - _URL_
This information will not be made publicly available without the permission of the Ministry Unit.
To contact the Diocesan Sustainability Fieldworker, email Cathy Bi-Riley at _EMAIL_


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Portuguese Pronunciation Tool - Phonetic Transcription Translator (Beta Version)
First time here?
Watch a tutorial "How to convert text to phonetic transcription and listen to audio recordings of words"
Watch a tutorial "How to create custom word lists"
Greetings from the developer Timur
Find out how to activate your brain and learn faster (4 min.)
Phonetic transcription can help you improve your Portuguese pronunciation
Portuguese pronunciation may present some difficulties to people starting to learn Portuguese. The pronunciation rules in the Portuguese language are pretty complicated. There are a lot of Portuguese letters that can be pronounced in different ways.
This online translator allows you to convert Portuguese text to phonetic transcription using International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) symbols.
This tool will serve as a Portuguese pronunciation guide. It will help you save time during your first steps in Portuguese, while you are still learning the pronunciation rules. If you use the phonetic transcription regularly in combination with Portuguese audio and video recordings, your pronunciation and listening skills in the Portuguese language will improve.
This phonetic translator supports both European and Brazilian Portuguese.
Highlighting of high-frequency Portuguese words
If you click Advanced options, you will see a special option that allows you to highlight high-frequency Portuguese words. The words from different frequency intervals will be highlighted in the following colors:
If you want to make the frequency analysis of your text and obtain the detailed statistics, please use Portuguese word frequency counter.
Check our Portuguese phonetic subtitle converter and obtain something like this:


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about the project
As development of the Mouse River Enhanced Flood Protection Project continues, the International Souris River Board is also working to review operational plans to determine if changes can be made to alleviate the potential of future flooding risks. The International Souris River Board monitors the apportionment of waters at the two US/Canadian border crossings.
A periodic review of the operating plan is required under the 1989 agreement. However, due to unprecedented flooding in the Souris River basin in 2011, basin residents have asked that additional flood protection measures be evaluated beyond what is currently provided under the 1989 agreement.
Check here for more information regarding the International Souris River Board and their activities.


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FASHION COMPUTING - Design Techniques and CAD
by Sandra Burke
Fashion Computing has become an essential component of the fashion designer's portfolio of skills. This is the first book to comprehensively explain how to use fashion computing software to produce fashion designs and develop those skills. Through visuals and easy steps, you will learn the creative fashion computing design techniques used in the fashion industry internationally.
Specific computer software includes: Photoshop, Illustrator, CorelDRAW, Freehand, PowerPoint, Gerber and Lectra Systems.
Target Market: Universities, Fashion Schools, Degree, Certificate and short courses, general readership.
Support Material: An INSTRUCTOR'S GUIDE in the form of POWERPOINT SLIDES is available on request. Please click HERE or go to the INSTRUCTOR COPY page to complete the request form.
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1: Getting Started
Chapter 2: Fashion Computing Toolkit
Chapter 3: Computer Basics
Chapter 4: Drawing Techniques
Chapter 5: Flats and Specs Women
Chapter 6: Menswear
Chapter 7: Childrenswear
Chapter 8: Scanning and Digital Photography
Chapter 9: Photoshop Essential Tools
Chapter 10: Photoshop Colour and Effects
Chapter 11: Design Presentations
Chapter 12: Digital Portfolio
Appendix 1: CAD
Appendix 2: Fashion Internet
Case Studies / Interviews
Further Reading, Glossary, Index
The latest computer technology is having a huge impact on the way fashion designs are being created. Powerful graphics software offers the fashion designer creative tools and techniques to digitally produce their fashion designs, together with the capability to communicate internationally with the fashion industry electronically. Consequently, this digital revolution has developed a growing market for enterprising fashion designers and fashion illustrators with creative computing skills.
Graphics software, which includes drawing, image editing, page layout and web design, offers a multitude of tools and techniques. The fashion designer can use these programs to sketch a simple technical line drawing of a basic tank top or a highly detailed jacket, create the most amazing fashion illustrations, and develop dynamic presentations and page layouts for print and screen.
The computer is a powerful tool, an extension of your hand, and an aid to your creativity and visualisation. Graphic software adds another perspective to your work with a wide range of techniques for creative design development and presentation. Combining hand drawings and digitised visuals adds even more scope for innovation and personal style.
The aim of this book:
Fashion Computing - Design Techniques and CAD introduces you to the computer-aided fashion drawing and fashion design skills required by the fashion industry worldwide. Through visuals and easy steps, it explains how to use the most popular graphics software used in the fashion business. It demonstrates fashion drawing, fashion design and fashion presentation techniques and explains how to develop digital communications using powerful computerised tools. Fashion Computing will clearly demonstrate how your computer skills can be applied to the world of fashion and the fashion design process.
The fashion computing umbrella:
Fashion Computing - Design Techniques and CAD will take you through the following computing techniques:
- Create specification/technical sheets for samples and production
- Create fashion illustrations and fabrics
- Create fashion presentations - mood/concept/theme, fabric, colour, design, illustration, trend forecasting etc.
- Design promotional material for websites, marketing and branding, business cards and logos
To make the most of this book you should have some basic fashion drawing and computing skills.
How to use this book :
The chapters have been set out in a logical learning sequence to guide you through the computerised fashion design and presentation techniques, together with self-explanatory worked examples.
Chapter 2: Computer Tool Kit - discusses the 'tools of the trade', the hardware and software packages used in the fashion industry.
Chapter 3: Computer Basics - discusses basic theory and terminology of computer graphics providing a useful reference as you work through the chapters.
Chapter 4: Drawing Techniques - demonstrates the techniques fashion designers use to draw flats using graphics drawing software, particularly Illustrator (Adobe), CorelDRAW.
Chapter 5: Flats and Specs Women - demonstrates how to draw flats for womenswear by applying the key fashion drawing techniques covered in the previous chapter.
Chapter 6: Menswear - demonstrates how to draw flats for menswear by applying the key fashion drawing techniques covered in the previous chapters.
Chapter 7: Childrenswear - demonstrates how to draw flats for childrenswear by applying the key fashion drawing techniques covered in the previous chapters.
Chapter 8: Scanning and Digital Photography - explains how fashion designers scan and digitise images as part of the fashion design process.
Chapter 9: Photoshop Essential Tools - demonstrates how to use the essential image editing techniques, tools and commands to edit and enhance fashion designs and fashion illustrations.
Chapter 10: Photoshop Colour and Effects - demonstrates how to use the key image editing techniques for working with colour and pattern, and how to develop creative effects.
Chapter 11: Design Presentations - demonstrates how to use Photoshop to create professional fashion design presentations.
Chapter 12: Digital Design Portfolio - discusses how to develop a digital design portfolio using PowerPoint which can be used for 'live' presentations, saved on disc and published to the World Wide Web.
Appendix 1: Fashion and CAD - discusses the CAD giants of the apparel and textile industry - Gerber and Lectra.
Appendix 2: Fashion Internet - lists useful fashion websites on the World Wide Web.
Further Reading, Glossary and Index: Computer generated images from fashion designers and fashion illustrators around the world have been included to inspire you and to demonstrate fashion computing techniques.
Fashion Computing offers you the skills and techniques to catch the wave of the latest technology. This will be your competitive advantage in a constantly developing and exciting market place - the World of Fashion!
BUY NOW ORDER


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Publish in core platform
Target audienceDigital skills for ICT professionals and other digital experts.
Digital technology / specialisationCybersecurity
Digital skill levelAdvanced
Geographic Scope - CountryEuropean Union
Industry - Field of Education and TrainingSecurity services not further defined
Type of initiative
Methodology (Long text)
Skills resource type
Target groupPersons in tertiary education (EQF 6)
Root-me is a platform for individuals looking to develop their expertise in hacking and computer security. It provides a realistic environment for users to test and enhance their hacking skills. The goal is to fully compromise a host to gain root access.
Root-me also places significant emphasis on community involvement. Users are encouraged to contribute and share insights, fostering an environment of collective learning. Moreover, the platform keeps users abreast of the latest tools and resources, ensuring they stay well-equipped for their hacking endeavours.
Root-me offers a wide range of challenges in different categories. These include exploiting script vulnerabilities, understanding application weaknesses, cracking binaries, breaking encryption algorithms, forensic analysis, network investigation, programming automation, realistic scenarios, steganography, and web technologies.
These challenges provide a comprehensive platform for users to develop their expertise in computer security and hacking.
Capture The Flag
Users can find a wide range of Capture The Flag (CTF) challenges on Root-me to improve their skills in various areas, such as scripting, cryptography, network programming, forensics, and more. The platform also offers a community where users can contribute and access information about new tools.
The objective is to fully compromise or "root" the vulnerable host within an internet network. Players engage by selecting a virtual environment and the game initiates once all players are prepared, with a minimum of one player required. The target environment is accessible at ctf0X.root-me.org, with 'X' representing the room number. The game concludes either when a participant successfully uses the validation flag or when the maximum "woot time" limit is reached.


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*** EVENTS IN BRIEF *** 1. 1-30 June – Go Wild – Do Something out doors every day in June. 2. Churches Count on Nature Week 5-12 June 3. Eco-Explorers Walk Fri 4 June 10am 4. Friday Evening: 7.30pm – YNU-Zoom-Chat Meeting 5. Sat 5 June – Open day for visitors at Sharow Churchyard, Ripon […]
Bainbridge, 20 April 2021
Schools whose catchment includes part of the National Park are being offered a free full or half day of curriculum-based learning in the great outdoors this summer term.
Teachers are invited to contact the Authority's learning and engagement team to arrange a 'Learn, Love, Explore' experience.
Subjects could include geography and science fieldwork, farm visits, creative arts sessions, interpretive walks, or outdoor survival skills such as navigation and bushcraft.
Staff from the National Park Authority's ranger and wildlife teams, as well as Dales Volunteers, will be brought in to work on the programme, led by the Authority's Education Officer, Rebecca Swift.
Education officer Rebecca Swift studies leaves with pupils from Cracoe and Rylstone Primary School in Grass Wood in November 2020
Schools can make contact by emailing _EMAIL_ or calling 01756 751628. Funds will be made available to schools to contribute to transport costs.
Member Champion for Promoting Understanding, Kevin Frea, who is a Lancaster City Councillor, said: "There are 60 primary, secondary or special schools whose catchment includes part of the National Park and I really hope teachers at these schools will consider getting in touch with us. We would really like to help them get their pupils outside and learning about the natural environment.
"We have been busy preparing resources for outdoor classes and are ready to offer a variety of learning opportunities. Although we haven't been able to offer this sort of service for some years, we've gained plenty of experience of working with young people through events such as the Dark Skies Festival and the Young Ranger groups – so teachers can be assured that their pupils will receive a high quality learning experience."
The National Park Authority has begun to produce an e-newsletter, once per term, for teachers. The newsletter includes information about opportunities for schools to get out in the National Park with the Authority's education team and other organisations. It also provides information about teacher networking sessions and details of new and exciting projects to increase young people's nature connectedness.
An 'enormous' amount of restoration work is taking place at the most damaged blanket bog peatland in the National Park. Coir logs and dumpy bags of brash on Fleet Moss Thousands of tonnes of coir, brash and stone have been brought this spring to Fleet Moss, Oughtershaw and Bleaberry – an area of moorland […]
A major engineering project is taking place near the summit of the famous flat-capped Yorkshire mountain, Ingleborough, in an effort to conserve important habitat for plants such as early purple orchid and bird's eye primrose. The enduring popularity of the Three Peaks walking route has led to a 1.6 kilometre (one mile) stretch of path through Sulber […]


This document is an example of a voluntary agreement that helps develop policies for your organization or group. It is the most important foundation on which all the other building blocks of volunteering are based. Your policy will clearly explain to all employees, volunteers and service users why volunteers are involved. Typically, in an agreement reached by an organization: this guide shows that volunteering offers considerable benefits and offers a solid investment to funders. It also stresses the importance of planning, budgeting and measurement to ensure the success of voluntary activities. A role description is essentially a document that describes what a volunteer will do, what it must be to play the role, and what the volunteer will get out of it. Organizations should be aware of the risk of an accidental employment contract with volunteers. However, this risk can be minimized by the best practices described below: voluntary agreements can be used to demonstrate both an organization's commitment to its volunteers and what it expects from its volunteers. They serve as a reference for volunteers and remind the organization that it must meet the standards of good practice it has established. A volunteer contract clearly indicates what the volunteer can expect from the organization and what the organization expects from volunteers.
It usually sits next to a role description and volunteer policy. An initiation is a way to introduce a new volunteer into your organization. This helps them feel team members and helps you make sure they have all the information they need to have a great experience. Understanding the needs of all their volunteers and ensuring that they feel valued and respected increases the likelihood that volunteers will choose long periods of time. NcVO released a Time Well Spent report based on a national survey of more than 10,000 people on the volunteer experience: a volunteer agreement should be used to explain what a volunteer can expect from an organization or group and outline your commitment to volunteers. It should be a mutual exchange of information, which specifies how both parties can benefit from the experience of volunteering. Pdf: Announce or download the volunteer agreement (PDF). If there is no procedure to deal with problems, if they do occur, it is easy for small things to get out of control. It is important to protect everyone if you have instructions to have what is acceptable. This guide will help you understand what we mean by "Impact," what you need to think about before you start using the methods you can use and the resources that can help you measure the effects.


Skip to definition.
Noun: positivism 'pó-zu-ti,vi-zum
 1. The form of empiricism that bases all knowledge on perceptual experience (not on intuition or revelation)
 - logical positivism
 - positivity, positiveness
Derived forms: positivisms
Type of: empiricism, empiricist philosophy, phenomenalism, quality, sensationalism
Encyclopedia: Positivism