Where healthy people hang
What Is the Ice Hack Diet?
If you're looking for a way to lose weight or reach your health goals, you may have heard about the Ice Hack Diet. But what is it exactly, and how does it work? In this article, we'll cover the history, science, pros and cons, and tips for the Ice Hack Diet, as well as what to eat, recipes to try, success stories, and precautions to take.
The History of the Ice Hack Diet
The Ice Hack Diet was first popularized by Olympic athletes who wanted to improve their performance and recovery times. It involves taking cold showers or baths to activate brown adipose tissue (BAT), which burns calories and helps to strengthen the immune system. The idea is that by exposing yourself to cold temperatures, your body has to work harder to stay warm, which revs up your metabolism and helps to burn fat.
Since its inception, the Ice Hack Diet has gained popularity among fitness enthusiasts and health-conscious individuals. Many people have reported significant weight loss and improved overall health by incorporating cold exposure into their daily routine. However, it is important to note that this diet is not suitable for everyone, especially those with certain medical conditions or who are pregnant. As with any diet or exercise regimen, it is always best to consult with a healthcare professional before starting.
How Does the Ice Hack Diet Work?
The Ice Hack Diet is a type of cold thermogenesis, which involves exposing yourself to cold temperatures to boost your body's natural ability to burn fat and improve overall health. By taking cold showers or baths, you can activate BAT, which is a type of fat that burns calories to generate heat. This can help to increase your metabolic rate, burn fat, and improve insulin sensitivity, which can reduce your risk of obesity, diabetes, and other chronic health conditions.
In addition to activating BAT, the Ice Hack Diet also triggers the release of endorphins, which are natural painkillers that can improve your mood and reduce stress levels. This can lead to better mental health and a more positive outlook on life.
Furthermore, the Ice Hack Diet has been shown to improve immune function by increasing the production of white blood cells. This can help to protect your body against infections and diseases, and may even reduce the risk of cancer.
The Science Behind the Ice Hack Diet
The Ice Hack Diet is based on the principles of cold thermogenesis, which has been studied extensively in the medical and scientific community. Research has shown that exposure to cold temperatures can increase your metabolic rate by up to 30%, which can help you burn more calories throughout the day. Additionally, cold exposure can help to improve insulin sensitivity, reduce inflammation, and even improve mood and cognitive function.
Furthermore, the Ice Hack Diet incorporates intermittent fasting, which has been shown to have numerous health benefits. Intermittent fasting can improve blood sugar control, reduce inflammation, and even promote longevity. By combining cold thermogenesis with intermittent fasting, the Ice Hack Diet offers a unique and effective approach to weight loss and overall health.
Pros and Cons of the Ice Hack Diet
Like any diet or lifestyle change, the Ice Hack Diet has its pros and cons. Some of the benefits of the Ice Hack Diet include weight loss, improved insulin sensitivity, reduced inflammation, and improved immunity. However, some potential drawbacks include discomfort from cold exposure, the risk of hypothermia, and the potential for nutrient deficiencies or imbalances if the diet is not balanced.
Another potential benefit of the Ice Hack Diet is increased mental clarity and focus. Some proponents of the diet claim that exposure to cold temperatures can improve cognitive function and increase alertness. Additionally, the diet may help to improve overall mood and reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety.
On the other hand, some critics of the Ice Hack Diet argue that the potential risks outweigh the benefits. In addition to the risk of hypothermia, prolonged exposure to cold temperatures can also lead to frostbite and other cold-related injuries. Furthermore, the diet may not be sustainable or practical for everyone, particularly those who live in warmer climates or who have medical conditions that make them more sensitive to cold temperatures.
Who Should Try the Ice Hack Diet?
The Ice Hack Diet may be beneficial for those who are looking to lose weight, improve insulin sensitivity, reduce inflammation, or boost immunity. However, it is important to note that the diet may not be suitable for everyone, particularly those with pre-existing medical conditions or who are pregnant or breastfeeding. It is always important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new diet or exercise regimen.
Additionally, it is important to consider your individual dietary needs and preferences before starting the Ice Hack Diet. The diet involves consuming a high amount of protein and healthy fats, while limiting carbohydrates. If you have a medical condition that requires a specific diet, such as diabetes or celiac disease, it is important to work with a healthcare provider or registered dietitian to ensure that the Ice Hack Diet is safe and appropriate for you.
What Foods Can You Eat on the Ice Hack Diet?
The Ice Hack Diet focuses on nutrient-dense, whole foods that are rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Some examples of foods to eat on the Ice Hack Diet include lean protein sources such as chicken, turkey, fish, and tofu, along with plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables, healthy fats like avocado, nuts, and seeds, and complex carbohydrates like sweet potatoes, quinoa, and brown rice.
In addition to these foods, the Ice Hack Diet also encourages the consumption of probiotic-rich foods like yogurt, kefir, and sauerkraut to support gut health. It is also recommended to limit processed and refined foods, sugary drinks, and alcohol while following the Ice Hack Diet. By focusing on whole, nutrient-dense foods, the Ice Hack Diet can help improve energy levels, support weight loss, and promote overall health and wellness.
Recipes to Try on the Ice Hack Diet
If you're looking for some delicious and satisfying recipes to try on the Ice Hack Diet, here are a few ideas:
 - Grilled Chicken and Vegetable Kebobs
 - Salmon and Avocado Salad
 - Spicy Tofu Stir-Fry
 - Roasted sweet potato and carrot soup
But that's not all! Here are two more recipes that are perfect for the Ice Hack Diet:
 - Quinoa and Black Bean Salad
 - Grilled Portobello Mushroom Burgers
The Quinoa and Black Bean Salad is a great option for a quick and easy lunch. It's packed with protein and fiber, and the combination of quinoa and black beans will keep you feeling full and satisfied. The Grilled Portobello Mushroom Burgers are a delicious vegetarian option that's perfect for a summer barbecue. The meaty texture of the mushrooms makes them a great substitute for meat, and they're packed with flavor.
Success Stories from People Who Tried the Ice Hack Diet
Many people have reported success with the Ice Hack Diet, including improved energy levels, better athletic performance, and weight loss. However, it is important to remember that everyone's experience may be different, and what works for one person may not work for another.
One success story comes from John, who had been struggling with his weight for years. He had tried numerous diets and exercise programs, but nothing seemed to work. After trying the Ice Hack Diet, John was able to lose 20 pounds in just two months. He reported feeling more energized and motivated to continue his healthy habits.
Precautions to Take Before Starting the Ice Hack Diet
Before starting the Ice Hack Diet, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider to ensure that the diet is safe and appropriate for your individual needs. Additionally, it is important to start slowly and gradually increase your cold exposure over time to avoid discomfort or injury. It is also important to ensure that you are getting enough nutrients and calories to support your health and energy levels.
Another important precaution to take before starting the Ice Hack Diet is to be aware of any underlying medical conditions that may be affected by cold exposure. For example, individuals with Raynaud's disease or other circulation issues may be more sensitive to cold and should approach the diet with caution. It is also important to listen to your body and stop the diet if you experience any negative symptoms such as extreme shivering, numbness, or tingling.
Tips for Sticking to the Ice Hack Diet Plan
If you're interested in trying the Ice Hack Diet, here are a few tips to help you stick to the plan:
 - Start slowly and gradually increase your cold exposure over time
 - Focus on nutrient-dense whole foods
 - Stay hydrated with plenty of water and herbal teas
 - Find a support system, such as a friend or group, to help keep you accountable
 - Listen to your body and adjust the plan as needed to suit your individual needs and preferences.
Overall, the Ice Hack Diet is an interesting and potentially beneficial approach to weight loss and overall health. However, it is important to approach any new diet or lifestyle change with caution and to always prioritize your safety and well-being above all else.
It is also important to note that the Ice Hack Diet may not be suitable for everyone. People with certain medical conditions, such as Raynaud's disease or hypothyroidism, may be advised to avoid cold exposure. Additionally, pregnant women and children should not attempt this diet without consulting a healthcare professional.


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Video: See Stephen Hawking Perform With Orbital at Paralympics Opener
- 2:56 PM
Stephen Hawking appeared onstage with Orbital for a moving rendition of "Where Is It Going?" during the Paralympic Games opening ceremony Wednesday night in London.
"The Large Hadron Collider at CERN is the largest, most complex machine in the world, possibly the universe," Hawking says, as the British electronica duo's lush and poignant synthesized sounds soar behind him. "By smashing particles together at enormous energies, it re-creates conditions of the Big Bang. The recent discovery of what looks like the Higgs particle is a triumph of human endeavor and international collaboration. It will change our perception of the world, and has the potential to offer insights into a complete theory of everything."
The Olympic Stadium stage then transformed into a colorful vision of the Large Hadron Collider, with rows of people dressed as red particles rushing out of the center of the stage. (See the performance in the video above.)
Suddenly, the graceful, expansive "Where Is It Going?" morphed into the aggressive stomper "Spasticus Autisticus" by Ian Dury. The late singer, who became crippled after contracting polio at a young age, wrote the song in the early 1980s to protest what he perceived as patronizing treatment of the disabled; the song was subsequently banned by the BBC.
During the Paralympics opener Wednesday, the song came alive once again onstage. The live broadcast drew 11.2 million viewers, according to the BBC.
If the video of the performance doesn't make you shed a tear about the wonders of science and the triumphs of humankind, then, well, nothing will.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


CPU Case fan: What is Positive, Neutral, and Negative Pressure?
The Cooling system in your PC depends on a lot of configurations. Such as Case configurations, Fan layout, and the Type of Pressure inside the case. Out of these, the most important is the Pressure because it can change the effects you can have on your PC.
So here we are going to talk about the Positive Pressure, Neutral Pressure, and Negative Pressure and what it does means for your Cooling System?
The very first you get when you are trying to build a PC is the Case or Cabinet or Chassis or whatever you call it. The case serves multiple purposes:
1. It houses all of your other computer parts.
2. It creates a cooling environment.
So by creating a cooling environment, the case gives you full control over the AirFlow.
Do you know? The Radiator and Processor is not the only component which is needed to be, but there are a lot of other elements which requires the AirFlow for the Transfer of heat.
The Question Arises here is how does the system get heats up?
It because of the Radiation, where the heat from the components gets radiated into the Atmosphere which is needed to remove from your Case.
What is Positive, Neutral, and Negative Pressure?
Positive Pressure
Positive Pressure means you have more intake of air than the air which exhausts. Or in Simple Words, you have more air entering the case than the air which is going out. Now when there is more air in the Cooling environment, how does it get out? The air moves out via the vents in the bottom of the vents on the back and top, vents where you have the slots or other holes in your Case and so on. Positive pressure only removes specks of dust from the system when the vents you have contains a dust filter.
Neutral Pressure
As you guys might have already guessed, Neutral Pressure means you have the Same amount of Air intake and the same amount of Air exhaust. This effect neither creates Positive Pressure nor Negative pressure as the Air which is entering the case is the same as the Air which goes out of the fact.
Negative Pressure
In the case of Negative Pressure, More amount of Air gets exhausted than the Air intake. So when you remove more air out than the Air which comes in the case, the air vents in your case becomes intake and comes in through the same vents, gaps, and holes just like Positive Pressure. Why? Because it has to draw air from somewhere in other to exhaust it.
Why do we care about these things?
There are specific reasons like:
1. Temperature Control
2. Dust Control
If you can manage more cool air entering the case, then you will have the much better cooling environment. Dust Control is also an important thing one should care about when it comes to Positive and Negative pressure.
Creating a positive pressure has certain advantages, it provides a much better cooling environment, and it keeps your vents as out-take and helps you reduce dusts in your computer because that's where most of the sand enters your cooling environment.
You can have Positive pressure in your case by having a CPU Case fan with Higher RPM (Rotation per minute) in the front than the back. So you have more Air in and less air Out.
On the other hand, Negative pressure makes the system pulls more air from the side and creates more restrictions it also sucks in more dust in and might block the fans and decrease the cooling ability of your system.
So Positive Pressure is something you should go for because neutral pressure is tough to achieve these days.
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Climax Strate-Line Automatic Packer. Complete with all necessary controls, drives, and other features as listed below:
BOTTLE CONVEYOR (and related components)
- Plastic, mat-top conveyor — THREE belts wide.
- FIVE (5) stainless steel, adjustable lane guides for packing up to FOUR lanes wide. The bottles will flow into the lanes and form up the pack pattern.
- Tongue Extension — The middle belt of the chain will be extended beyond the basic frame of the conveyor (36 inch "tongue extension"). The infeed conveyor can butt along side this tongue; this will allow for a smooth side transfer of the containers rather than forcing them across a dead plate.
- The space between each lane guide is established by a system of quick-adjust lane spacers that are hung across the lane guide support crowns. The space is basically determined by the bottle diameter or width; the number of sets required is outlined in the CHANGE PARTS section of this proposal.
- A system of flags (one flag for each lane) with a sensor eye will determine when all bottles are in position and the pack pattern has been formed. The flags and the eye will be adjustable to accommodate all pack patterns required by the customer.
- 1 HP variable-speed motor to direct the lift arm thru the smooth action of the cam-plate; this ultimately controls the cup plate (see CHANGE PARTS) throughout the packing operation. After the bottles are in the correct pack pattern, the cup plate will be lowered to pick up the bottles and carry them smoothly to be placed softly down into the case. A grid basket with plastic fingers (CHANGE PARTS) will help to ensure the bottles go into the correct cells in the case.
-.5 HP fixed-speed motor drive for the bottle conveyor.
CASE CONVEYOR (and related components)
- Continuous feed conveyor to smoothly transport the cases. It includes a mechanism with a pop-up stop to position the case in the correct location for packing. It can be adjusted for a wide variety of sizes of cases (or trays). After the case has been packed, the case will be conveyed to the end of the case conveyor and handed off to the discharge conveyor.
- Adjustable case guide rails with Valu Guide hand ratchet adjustments.
-.5 HP fixed-speed motor drive for case conveyor
- In order to detect the presence of filled cases that have stopped downstream from the Climax packer, a sensor is provided that should be installed on the discharge case conveyor. If cases start to back up and the sensor is blocked, a signal will be sent back to the packer. The packer's operation will be held up until the sensor is no longer blocked.
ELECTRICALS & CONTROLS
- NEMA 12 electrical package — wired for 460 or 230 VAC, 60 HZ, 3 PH. Exact voltage needs to be confirmed when the Purchase Order is issued.
- PLC Controls — Allen-Bradley is the standard for Climax, but others may be substituted if requested by the customer. (assuming it will not jeopardize the operation of the equipment).
- A-B PanelView 400 Operator Station mounted alongside the bottle conveyor of the packer; an additional E-Stop will be located on the other side of the equipment.
- Mechanical lockout on the electrical cabinet
- Strong and robust carbon steel construction with a two-part stainless steel epoxy paint primer and finish coat is standard for Climax equipment. Stainless steel or other painted finishes are available as options.
- Permanently lubricated and sealed bearings where available; clustered lubrication fittings where available on other bearings that require lubrication
- Safety guards framed off the cam-plate housing and conveyor frames – built with expanded metal to cover over the area where the cup plate travels. The cam-plate housing will have expanded metal plates on the sides, and doors on the front for when access to the main drive is necessary.
- This Climax equipment is designed to be as TOOL-LESS in operation as is possible. Hand cranks, twist knobs, hand ratchets, and twist-lock handles have been implemented wherever they are feasible without jeopardizing the integrity or operation of the equipment.
- An operation and maintenance manual included.
- Start up and training is INCLUDED; TWO days have been assumed in the plant.
- Twelve (12) month parts warranty included
- Polycarbonate guards


Take the 2-minute tour ×
If I am trying to say "That problem that belongs to someone else," then what is the correct word to use in this sentence:
That is someone else's problem.
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Just a FYI, the spell checker that is missing the word is the one included with Firefox 6.0. – Scott Chamberlain Aug 31 '11 at 16:19
Putt knot yore tryst inn spill chequers. – Lunivore Aug 31 '11 at 16:30
4 Answers 4
up vote 11 down vote accepted
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As an impecunious teenager, I always used to say my preferred cigarette brand was SE. By far the cheapest! – FumbleFingers Aug 31 '11 at 17:29
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share|improve this answer
To say or write else's, or elses etc. is improper English. No matter how you look at it. However it is obviously considered to be accepted. Much like the word 'ain't'. Else's or elses' would be an equivalent'slang' usage of the word else. Rather than to say, "That is someone elses". The proper usage of the word would have to be phrased, "That belongs to someone else". No matter how accepted its usage is, no matter how many people know exactly what you mean when you use the slang form 'elses' or 'else's', it's simply incorrect. This is actually taught in grade school, say about 6th grade level. Of course I'm thirty now, so it could be being taught at an early grade. You can verify there is no such usage of the word else, other than as it is the word, else. Check with a New Websters Dictionary if you're ever in doubt. Most dictionary websites have plenty of broadly accepted slang words or slang usage of words. Websters dictionary is online as well. Here is the link _URL_
Simply visit that site and type 'else' in the search. If you understand what the word 'else' actually means, you'll find that it is one of those words that is very commonly miss-used, even without making it plural.
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Also, check out this question on the Saxon genitive and the top answer to it by an actual linguist. Thanks. – RegDwigнt Aug 20 '12 at 18:49
protected by RegDwigнt Aug 20 '12 at 18:50
Would you like to answer one of these unanswered questions instead?


Moving Alps with Mountain Leaders
Find your guide!
Where to find my mountain leader :
Access to the list filtered by country
What is a Mountain Leader?
The mountain leader is a graduate professional who leads a group (or alone) in the mountains. Unlike the mountain guide, the mountain leader evolves outside the techniques and tools specific to mountaineering. His field of intervention is the discovery of the mountain with different supports of progression. The mountain guide is a naturalist generalist and is primarily discovering the natural mountain environments, heritage and human.
Mountain leaders are organizers and hikers.
The professional activity covers three specific, identifiable but complementary functions: the guiding and management functions of the security of the practitioners; an educative and pedagogic action is also important and underlying in all of their activities (improvement of the physical and technical capacities of the practitioners); mediation for the discovery of the mountain environment in all its aspects (natural, heritage, human). Mediation and interpretation have for object the discovery, the understanding and the appropriation of the mountain environment.
To exercise this mediation action, the mountain guides have the choice between several supports: hiking, snowshoeing and, for some professionals, pack animals, mountain biking (additional qualification) or canyoning (AQA unique to this day issued in 1995).
Why touring in the Alps with a Mountain leader?
It's amazing! With a good knowing of his territory, he will be able to make you enjoy your time in an alp area in security. If you want to learn more about a specific topic, you will find a specialist for your tour.
Contact us and update information
External Links :


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Medium Merkaba measures 2 inches square and is polished.
- It is a mineral whose deposits are only found in Karelia Russia
- A natural antioxidant that can enhance human immunity against many serious diseases
- Sorbent for purifying water and air from many organic and inorganic compounds
- Support a wide range of trace elements and of biologically active substances intensifying biological processes in humans and animals
- Material, actively interacting with electromagnetic fields of different nature (man-made high-frequency, solar, geopathogenic, biological) and neutralizing their negative impact
Aids in ensuring human health
And what is a Merkaba?
From ancient mysticism the word literally means "a thing to ride in" Ezekiel wrote of it and his vision consists of a chariot made of many heavenly beings driven by the "Likeness of a Man." The base structure of the chariot is composed of four beings. These beings are called the "living creatures". There is quite a bit more to the story but you get the idea.


Are Anxiety Pens Safe for 13-Year Olds?
are anxiety pens safe for 13-Year Olds
Are anxiety pens safe for 13-year olds? Learn about potential risks, benefits, and factors to consider when choosing an anxiety pen for your child.
In today's fast-paced world, anxiety is a common experience that affects people of all ages. Adolescence, in particular, can be a challenging time filled with academic pressures, social changes, and personal growth.
With the increasing recognition of anxiety disorders among teenagers, various interventions have emerged to help alleviate symptoms. One such intervention is the use of anxiety pens.
This article will explore the safety considerations surrounding anxiety pens for 13-year olds, examining their benefits, limitations, and expert recommendations.
Understanding Anxiety in Adolescents
Before delving into anxiety pens, it's essential to understand anxiety disorders in adolescents. According to studies, anxiety disorders affect approximately 25% of teenagers.
Adolescents experiencing anxiety may exhibit excessive worry, restlessness, difficulty concentrating, and changes in sleep and appetite.
These symptoms can significantly impact their daily lives, including their academic performance, relationships, and overall well-being.
What is an Anxiety Pen?
Anxiety pens, also known as anxiety relief pens or stress pens, are portable devices designed to provide quick relief from anxiety symptoms.
They often employ techniques such as acupressure, aromatherapy, or light therapy to stimulate relaxation and a sense of calm.
These pens are typically small, discreet, and easy to use, making them appealing to teenagers who may prefer a non-pharmacological option for managing their anxiety.
Are Anxiety Pens Safe for 13-Year Olds?
Anxiety pens or fidget are typically designed to provide a calming effect and help individuals manage anxiety or stress. While they are generally considered safe for use, it is essential to consider a few factors when deciding whether they are suitable for a 13-year old.
Product Quality
 - Ensure that a reputable manufacturer makes the anxiety pen you choose and complies with safety standards.
 - Look for pens free from harmful substances like lead or toxic materials.
Individual Sensitivity
 - Everyone, including teenagers, may respond differently to anxiety-relieving tools.
 - Some may find the pens helpful in managing anxiety and improving focus, while others may not experience significant benefits.
 - It is best to gauge your child's preferences and sensitivities when introducing such devices.
Alternative Approaches
 - Anxiety pens can be just one tool among many for managing anxiety.
 - Encourage your child to explore coping strategies such as deep breathing exercises, mindfulness techniques, physical activity, or talking to a trusted adult or mental health professional.
Duration of Use
 - It's generally recommended to use anxiety pens for short durations rather than relying on them constantly.
 - Using them excessively may create a dependency and hinder the development of other coping mechanisms.
Supervision and Communication
 - If your child expresses interest in using an anxiety pen, it's an excellent opportunity to discuss their feelings, concerns, and stressors.
 - Encourage open communication and monitor their overall well-being.
It's crucial to note that while anxiety pens can provide temporary relief, they are not a substitute for professional help if your child's anxiety significantly impacts their daily life.
If you have concerns about your child's anxiety, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare provider or mental health professional for appropriate guidance and support.
Safety Considerations for 13-Year Olds
When considering the safety of anxiety pens for 13-year olds, two key factors come into play.
 - Physical safety
 - Potential side effects
Physically, anxiety pens are generally safe for teenagers, as they do not involve ingesting substances or any invasive procedures. However, parents and guardians must ensure that their child understands the proper use of the pen and any associated safety guidelines.
In terms of potential side effects, anxiety pens are considered low-risk. The mechanisms they employ, such as gentle pressure on acupressure points or inhaling soothing scents, are generally well-tolerated by most individuals.
However, it's crucial to note that everyone's body chemistry and sensitivity may differ. While rare, some individuals may experience mild reactions such as skin irritation or headaches. It is advisable to discontinue use if any adverse reactions occur and consult a healthcare professional for guidance.
The long-term effects of anxiety pens on adolescents are not yet extensively studied. As a precautionary measure, it is recommended to use anxiety pens as a complementary approach rather than the sole treatment method. Seeking professional advice from a healthcare provider can help determine the suitability and appropriateness of anxiety pens for an individual's specific needs.
Benefits of Anxiety Pens for Teenagers
Anxiety pens can offer several benefits for teenagers struggling with anxiety:
Managing Anxiety Symptoms
 - Anxiety pens provide a quick and accessible tool to help manage anxiety symptoms on the go.
 - The gentle pressure, soothing scents, or calming lights can help promote relaxation and reduce feelings of anxiety.
Improving Overall Well-being
 - Anxiety pens can improve overall well-being by offering a moment of calm and relaxation.
 - They can help teenagers regulate their emotions, reduce stress levels, and enhance their ability to cope with daily challenges.
Enhancing Academic Performance
 - Anxiety can significantly impact academic performance.
 - Anxiety pens may assist in reducing stress before exams, presentations, or other high-pressure situations, allowing teenagers to focus better and perform to their potential.
Risks and Limitations of Anxiety Pens
While anxiety pens can be beneficial, it's essential to be aware of the potential risks and limitations.
Dependency and Reliance
 - Relying solely on anxiety pens without addressing underlying issues or developing coping strategies may lead to dependence.
 - Teenagers need to explore a comprehensive approach to managing anxiety, which may include therapy, self-care practices, and lifestyle modifications.
Effectiveness Compared to Other Treatments
 - Anxiety pens may be less effective than evidence-based treatments, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).
 - CBT provides valuable tools and strategies to address the root causes of anxiety and develop long-term coping skills.
Suitability for Long-term Use
 - The long-term use of anxiety pens has not been extensively studied.
 - It is essential to consider their role as part of a broader treatment plan and periodically assess their effectiveness in managing anxiety symptoms.
Expert Recommendations for 13-Year Olds
Experts recommend the following considerations for parents and guardians of 13-year-olds.
Consulting with a Healthcare Professional
 - It is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional, such as a pediatrician or mental health specialist, to evaluate the appropriateness of anxiety pens for a teenager.
 - They can provide personalized guidance based on the teenager's needs and circumstances.
Exploring Non-Pharmacological Options
 - Anxiety pens can be one tool among many in a comprehensive approach to managing anxiety.
 - Exploring non-pharmacological options such as therapy, mindfulness exercises, physical activity, and relaxation techniques can complement the use of anxiety pens.
Incorporating as Part of a Comprehensive Approach
 - Anxiety pens should not be seen as a standalone solution but as one aspect of a holistic approach to managing anxiety.
 - Integrating anxiety pens into a comprehensive plan that includes therapy, self-care practices, and support from parents and educators can yield better outcomes.
Parental Involvement and Support
For teenagers using anxiety pens, parental involvement and support are crucial.
Open Communication and Understanding
 - Parents should maintain open lines of communication with their teenager, fostering an environment where the teenager feels comfortable discussing their anxiety and experiences.
 - It helps parents gain insight into their child's needs and concerns.
Monitoring Usage and Effectiveness
 - Parents can monitor the frequency and duration of their teenager's anxiety pen usage, observing any changes in symptoms or overall well-being.
 - Regular communication with the teenager and their healthcare provider can help determine the effectiveness of the anxiety pen and make adjustments to the treatment plan if necessary.
Collaborating with Healthcare Providers
 - Collaborating with healthcare providers, such as pediatricians or mental health professionals, is essential in ensuring the teenager's well-being.
 - Parents can actively discuss treatment options, express concerns or observations, and work together to create a comprehensive plan that addresses the teenager's needs.
Alternatives to Anxiety Pens
While anxiety pens can be a helpful tool, it's essential to explore other alternatives for managing anxiety in 13-year-olds.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
 - CBT is a widely recognized and evidence-based treatment for anxiety disorders in teenagers.
 - It focuses on identifying and modifying negative thought patterns and behaviors associated with anxiety, equipping teenagers with coping skills that can have long-lasting effects.
Relaxation Techniques and Mindfulness
 - Teaching teenager's relaxation techniques such as deep breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation, or mindfulness meditation can help them manage anxiety naturally and sustainably.
 - These practices promote a sense of calm and self-awareness.
Lifestyle Modifications
 - Certain lifestyle modifications can contribute to reducing anxiety levels.
 - Encouraging regular physical activity, ensuring adequate sleep, promoting a healthy diet, and fostering a supportive social environment can all play a role in managing anxiety symptoms.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are there any potential risks or side effects associated with using anxiety pens for 13-year olds?
While anxiety pens are generally safe, it's important to note that individual responses may vary. Some children may find them helpful, while others may not experience significant benefits. However, there are typically no serious risks or side effects associated with using anxiety pens. It's essential to monitor your child's usage and ensure they are not overly dependent on the pen as their sole coping mechanism.
Can anxiety pens be used in schools or classrooms for 13-year olds?
Many schools and classrooms allow anxiety pens, often considered harmless tools that can help promote focus and reduce stress. However, it's always a good idea to check with your child's school or teacher regarding their policies on fidget tools. Some schools may have specific guidelines or restrictions, so adhering to those rules is crucial.
How do


Kea 2.5.8
isc::dhcp::D2ClientError Class Reference
An exception that is thrown if an error occurs while configuring the D2 DHCP DDNS client. More...
#include <d2_client_cfg.h>
+ Inheritance diagram for isc::dhcp::D2ClientError:
Public Member Functions
 D2ClientError (const char *file, size_t line, const char *what)
 constructor

- Public Member Functions inherited from isc::Exception
virtual const char * what () const throw ()
 Returns a C-style character string of the cause of the exception.

virtual const char * what (bool verbose) const throw ()
 Returns a C-style character string of the cause of exception.

const std::string & getMessage () const
 Gets a string describing the cause of the exception.

const char * getFile () const
 Gets the file name where the exception was thrown.

size_t getLine () const
 Gets the line number of the file where the exception was thrown.

 Exception (const char *file, size_t line, const char *what)
 Constructor for a given type for exceptions with file name and file line number.

 Exception (const char *file, size_t line, const std::string &what)
 Constructor for a given type for exceptions with file name and file line number.

virtual ~Exception () throw ()
 The destructor.

Detailed Description
An exception that is thrown if an error occurs while configuring the D2 DHCP DDNS client.
Definition at line 34 of file d2_client_cfg.h.
Constructor & Destructor Documentation
◆ D2ClientError()
isc::dhcp::D2ClientError::D2ClientError ( const char * file,
size_t line,
const char * what
)
inline
constructor
Parameters
filename of the file, where exception occurred
lineline of the file, where exception occurred
whattext description of the issue that caused exception
Definition at line 42 of file d2_client_cfg.h.
The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:


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Current Opening Details: FT Nights/Wkends, PT Days/Wkends. Join Coffey Health System, a $26 million, 36 bed acute care hospital with an integrated system which includes: rural health clinics, assisted living facility, long-term care, home health and rehabilitation/wellness services and the county EMS.
Job duties of Med-Surg RN Position:
- Identifies patient care requirements by establishing personal rapport with potential and actual patients and other persons in a position to understand care requirements. • Establishes a compassionate environment by providing emotional, psychological, and spiritual support to patients, friends, and families. • Promotes patient's independence by establishing patient care goals; teaching patient, friends, and family to understand condition, medications, and self-care skills; answering questions. • Assures quality of care by adhering to therapeutic standards; measuring health outcomes against patient care goals and standards; making or recommending necessary adjustments; following hospital and nursing division's philosophies and standards of care set by state board of nursing, state nurse practice act, and other governing agency regulations. • Documents patient care services by charting in patient and department records. • Maintains continuity among nursing teams by documenting and communicating actions, irregularities, and continuing needs. • Maintains patient confidence and protects operations by keeping information confidential. • Ensures operation of equipment by completing preventive maintenance requirements; following manufacturer's instructions; troubleshooting malfunctions; calling for repairs; maintaining equipment inventories; evaluating new equipment and techniques.
Current Kansas Registered Nurse License, Current CPR certification, Current Kansas Driver's license.
Additional Salary Information: Based on experience.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Definition of Phytolaccaceae
1. Noun. Chiefly tropical herbaceous plants (including shrubs and trees) with racemose flowers: genera Phytolacca, Agdestis, Ercilla, Rivina, Trichostigma.
Generic synonyms: Caryophylloid Dicot Family
Group relationships: Caryophyllales, Chenopodiales, Order Caryophyllales, Order-chenopodiales
Member holonyms: Genus Phytolacca, Phytolacca, Agdestis, Genus Agdestis, Ercilla, Genus Ercilla, Genus Rivina, Rivina, Genus Trichostigma, Trichostigma
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Phytolaccaceae Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Phytolaccaceae
Literary usage of Phytolaccaceae
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada and the British by Nathaniel Lord Britton, Addison Brown (1913)
"phytolaccaceae Lindl. Nat. Syst. Ed. 2, 213. 1836. POKEWEED FAMILY. Herbs (some tropical species shrubs or trees) with alternate entire mostly exstipulate..."
2. Systematic Anatomy of the Dicotyledons: A Handbook for Laboratories of Pure by Hans Solereder (1908)
"3, t. iii, 1887, p. 238 and pi. i. —Volkens, in Natürl. Pflanzenfam., iii. Teil, Abt. ia, 1893, p. 135. phytolaccaceae...."
3. Scientific and Applied Pharmacognosy: Intended for the Use of Students in by Henry Kraemer (1915)
"phytolaccaceae), a perennial herb (Fig. 85) indigenous to eastern North America, and naturalized in the West Indies and southern Europe...."
4. Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal, Exhibiting a View of the Progressive by Robert Jameson, Sir William Jardine, Henry D Rogers (1838)
"Carpels 1 or 3 or 5 or more (some phytolaccaceae), free from the calyx (exc. some Chenopodiaceae), more or less connate with each other (exc. some..."
Other Resources Relating to: Phytolaccaceae

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Female Famers Learn Improved Raisin Drying Techniques
Women are a crucial but typically unrecognized and underserved force in Afghanistan's economy. While farming is generally a male-dominated area, women are involved in virtually all farming activities through their work in households, stables and gardens. The Roots of Peace CHAMP program in Afghanistan works with female farmers to empower them with the knowledge and skills necessary to improve the quality of their orchards and crops. One such program is that of raising drying. Traditionally in Afghansitan, grapes are dried on bare ground or sometimes on mats under the sun, turning their color brown. Shade drying, a method taught by the Roots of Peace CHAMP program, helps retain the raisins' fresh green color, which are highly sought in the market. As raisin drying is a task often accomplished by women, ROP has made this a special priority in its women's training courses. During September, CHAMP trained 305 female farmers and grape producers in Parwan and Kabul provinces. The training covered basic food safety and drying methods so that farmers can improve the quality of their raisin product and earn a higher price for them.
One such method uses a mixture of potassium, paraffin oil and water to reduce drying time from 4-5 weeks to 8-14 days. As raisins dry, there is a rapid rise in sugar concentration which inhibits the action of enzymes, resulting in the color darkening to brown. Grapes treated with the potassium carbonate mixture maintain a low sugar concentration throughout the drying process, helping the grapes retain their green color. As a result, farmers and their families are able to sell their raisins for a higher price in the international market and continue to improve their incomes and quality of life.


text:
The ground-breaking Explorer programme takes our existing or aspiring team leaders on a 10 month journey of exploring how they can achieve results through other people.
It is built on 3 core beliefs:
- Self awareness is a pre-requisite for self development
- Real life is the best classroom
- We need others to help us reflect and learn lessons from real life
Delegates learn the fundamentals of self-management and working through others and develop an understanding of how to identify and implement business improvement initiatives.
They gain unique insights from our board of directors who share their life lessons and advice in our series of Masterclasses.
Explorers also embark on the 'Newcross Experience' – which we keep firmly under wraps until the day to take them out of their comfort zones.


text:
Georgia Penitentiary at Milledgeville
Georgia was one of the first southern states to build a penitentiary to confine criminals. In 1803, when the city of Milledgeville was chosen to replace Louisville as the capital of Georgia, a square of sixteen acres was set aside for a penitentiary. Governor John Milledge asked the 1804 legislature to establish a penitentiary system "with the view of softening the rigors of our penal code."
A legislative committee was set up in 1810 to revise Georgia's penal code and to set up a penitentiary. Construction on the facility began in 1812 and was completed in December 1816. Both the architect and the contractor resided in Milledgeville. The edifice included a wing for male prisoners, prison workshops, and the principal keeper or warden's house. The penitentiary occupied only a small portion of the square because two academies and the county courthouse shared the site as well. The first prisoner was received in March 1817.
During the early nineteenth century Georgians came to believe that criminals could be reformed if they were confined in a penitentiary. It was believed that criminals should be removed from all association with society so that they would be able to contemplate their actions and repent. People believed that while a troublemaker might have scoffed at the traditional idea of branding or whipping as punishment, "the prospect of confinement in the penitentiary... would put fear in his heart." Georgia followed the examples of early penal reform in Pennsylvania as a model.
The penitentiary was governed by a board of inspectors. The board, composed of nine men who were appointed each year by the General Assembly, was responsible for appointing a principal keeper, a turnkey, and one deputy for every ten convicts. The turnkey was in charge of locking and unlocking doors when inmates were put in and out of cells. Two members of the board were required to visit the penitentiary twice a week. Food for the inmates consisted of bread, Indian meal, and a daily ration of meat such as pork. No liquor was allowed.
Officials promised that the penitentiary would "perform miracles in the rehabilitation of lawbreakers."
Throughout the history of the institution there were relatively few female prisoners. Original legislation for the penitentiary called for a separate wing for women. Although many of the principal keepers urged legislators to appropriate funds for this purpose, the state never made provisions for females. The few women incarcerated there were housed in one room on the second floor near the kitchen. They typically did sewing and similar work.
Many different types of prisoners were confined in the penitentiary. In 1831 two northern missionaries named Samuel Worcester and Elizur Butler served two years of hard labor in the penitentiary. An 1830 law forbade any white person except those specially licensed by the governor to reside among the Cherokees. When Worcester and Butler refused to leave the territory, they were arrested and sent to the penitentiary in Milledgeville. In 1832 Worcester and Butler appealed their case, Worcester v. Georgia, to the U.S. Supreme Court. Their main objective was not to obtain their release but to win a declaration from the court that Georgia's jurisdiction over the Cherokee land was unconstitutional. The court did indeed rule that Georgia's 1830 act was a violation of the Constitution and that the Cherokee were an independent and sovereign nation. Nonetheless, U.S. president Andrew Jackson refused to enforce the court's decision, and Worcester and Butler remained in the penitentiary. Governor Wilson Lumpkin released them a year later.
The penitentiary attracted a great deal of attention and excitement after its construction. Many people saw the new penitentiary as "the harbinger of order and peace" and expected a tremendous change in the behavior and attitudes of the convicts. Not all of Georgia's leading citizens, however, were supporters of the penitentiary, and throughout its existence there were numerous attempts to abolish it. Some local citizens thought the penitentiary was located too close to the governor's mansion and local businesses. Others were convinced that the penitentiary would not succeed in reforming criminals and thought the state should impose harsher penalties. One Milledgeville resident referred to the penitentiary as "both a curse and an eyesore," and another called it a "festering sore in the center of town."
During the Civil War (_PHONE_) the penitentiary was used as an armory. Prisoners began manufacturing rifles, bayonets, and other armaments to supply the Confederate armies. With General William T. Sherman approaching Milledgeville in 1864 on the infamous March to the Sea, Governor Joseph E. Brown pardoned almost all of the prisoners with the stipulation that they help defend the city of Milledgeville from invading Union troops. Many of the prisoners deserted within the week. At some point during the Union occupation of Milledgeville, the penitentiary caught fire, but it is not clear whether Sherman or the remaining prisoners set the fire.
After the Civil War the state attempted to rebuild the damaged penitentiary, and prisoners were once again held there. By this time a large majority of the prison population was black. Provisional Governor Thomas Ruger initiated the convict lease system in May 1868, leasing 100 prisoners to work on the Georgia and Alabama Railroad. By 1869 almost the entire population of the penitentiary had been transferred to Grant, Alexander, and Company to work on the Macon and Brunswick Railroad. The railroad company rather than the state was then responsible for feeding and clothing the convicts. A major reason that Georgia began using the convict lease system was that it was becoming too costly to maintain a penitentiary.
The original penitentiary buildings began to decay from disuse in the 1870s and fell into such disrepair that the acre was cleared for the potential development of commercial enterprises. The square is now home to Georgia College and State University.
Barry L. Brown and Gordon R. Elwell, Crossroads of Conflict: A Guide to Civil War Sites in Georgia (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2010).
James C. Bonner, "The Georgia Penitentiary at Milledgeville, _PHONE_," Georgia Historical Quarterly 55 (fall 1971): 303-28.
Mary Patricia Walden, "History of the Georgia Penitentiary at Milledgeville, _PHONE_" (master's thesis, Georgia State University, 1974).
Nicole Mitchell, Georgia College and State University
A project of the Georgia Humanities Council, in partnership with the University of Georgia Press, the University System of Georgia/GALILEO, and the Office of the Governor.


I have one longer string, longString, and a set $S$ of shorter strings {ss1,ss2,ss3,...}. I'd like to print out longString but where the positions of the shorter strings are indicated in some nice way. For example, perhaps we could color the characters in the longer string with a specific specified color for each shorter string. I.e. where would would have an array like {{ss1,'Red'},{ss2,'Green'},{ss3,'Blue'},...} and would then color words appearing in longString Red if the word is ss1, Blue if the word is ss2, and so forth. The idea would be to shade Brown / etc. overlap regions if they occur.
Is this possible?
One can use StringPosition to return the first and last character position for a set of substrings or words appearing in a larger string, for example:
StringPosition["TheBrownFox", {"Brown","Fox"}]
out: {{4, 8}, {9, 11}}
Now, one of the more interesting parts of this question, IMO, is how we handle overlaps between substrings / words (i.e. ss1, ss2, ss3, etc.). For example, if we add the nonsense word "wnFo" to the previous example, we have overlapping words:
testString = TheBrownFox;
StringPosition[testString, {"Brown","Fox","wnFo"}]
out: {{4, 8}, {7, 10}, {9, 11}}
So we need to do a kind of "surgery" on the output list for StringPosition s.t. there is never a situation where we have {..., {integerOne, intTwo}, {intThree, intFour},...} where it is NOT the case that intOne < intTwo < intThree < intFour.
Update: Please see Kuba's very slick answer to my question concerning how one might do this: Identifying and isolating sections of overlap in a set of integer intervals
I am inspired by this example _URL_ where words of a certain length are highlighted and bolded.
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ related: How to change the color of specified digits in a number? $\endgroup$ – Kuba Apr 1 '14 at 8:30
 - $\begingroup$ Second that link - very slick methods presented in Kuba's answer. $\endgroup$ – ciao Apr 1 '14 at 8:32
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ Yeah, I'm going through it now! $\endgroup$ – Bob2Alice Apr 1 '14 at 8:34
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ I really like your mark function - is there a good way to kind of map it over a large number of instances in the format given by StringPosition? What happens if there is a collision where two words specifying different colors overlap? $\endgroup$ – Bob2Alice Apr 1 '14 at 8:37
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ As I think the handling of overlaps is the demanding part of your question I'd suggest to make an example with overlaps to provide a good test case for that... $\endgroup$ – Albert Retey Apr 1 '14 at 8:45
Using the code for mark, from linked question:
f[string_, cases_] := Module[{pos, agg, res},
 pos = StringPosition[string, cases];
 agg = {Switch[#[[ 1, 2]], 1, Blue, 2, Brown, _, Red],
 #[[ ;;, {1}]]
 } & /@ GatherBy[Tally@Flatten[Range @@@ pos], Last];
 mark[string, agg]
f["TheBrownFox", {"TheBrown", "BrownFox"}]
f["TheBrownFox", {"The", "Fox"}]
f["TheBrownFox", {"The", "eBrownF", "eBrownFox"}]
enter image description here
Detecting overlaps is based on my code from Identifying sections of overlaps in a set of integer intervals
 - $\begingroup$ Shouldn't this already handle any situation where there is an overlap between two or more of the substrings? $\endgroup$ – Bob2Alice Apr 1 '14 at 10:07
 - $\begingroup$ I see, so you were talking about assigning a different color if we have somwething like: f["TheBrownFox", {"The", "eBrownF", "eBrownFox"}] $\endgroup$ – Bob2Alice Apr 1 '14 at 10:11
 - $\begingroup$ That's really great. I also noticed that you can take the coloration specification, like Blue and write {Large,Blue} or {Bold, Blue}, which is quite nice. $\endgroup$ – Bob2Alice Apr 1 '14 at 10:17
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ p.s. It is good to hold on with an accpet a day or two. Accept may discorage others, and there could be better ideas :) Yes, it's nice ;P $\endgroup$ – Kuba Apr 1 '14 at 10:18
 - $\begingroup$ Ok, I'm reluctantly unaccept, lol. If you wouldn't mind, could you add a brief descriptor for your algorithm for detecting the overlap? I'd just like to make sure I understand. $\endgroup$ – Bob2Alice Apr 1 '14 at 10:21
Here is another way to achieve what you want. It is neither very elegant nor very efficient, but should do what I think you try to achieve:
highlight[text_String, rules_List] :=
 Module[{positions, overlap = Underlined},
 positions = SortBy[
 Flatten[Thread[StringPosition[text, #1] -> #2] & @@@ rules, 1],
 positions = positions //. {
 {h___, {s1_, e1_} -> c1_, {s2_, e2_} -> c2_, t___} /;
 s2 <= e1 :> {
 {s1, Min[e1, s2] - 1} -> c1,
 {Min[e1, s2], Max[e1, s2]} -> overlap,
 If[e2 >= Max[e1, s2]+1, {Max[e1, s2]+1, e2} -> c2,Unevaluated[Sequence[]]],
 ToString[Style[StringTake[text, #1], #2], StandardForm] & @@@ positions,
 positions[[All, 1]]
 "The brown, brown fox with overlapping matches...",
 {"brown" -> Brown, "fox" -> Red, "app" -> Gray, "lap" -> Orange, "erlapp" -> Green}
The "difficult" part with the overlapping strings I tried to solve with a potentially inefficient pattern matching construct in a ReplaceRepeated (//.). Overlaps are unerlined in the above code but you could of course change that. If efficiency does matter or my approach turns out too be to naive you could try to combine my function with a smarter way to handle these overlaps...
Your Answer


text:
The 179,755-acre Kalmiopsis Wilderness, located in southwestern Oregon in the rugged Klamath/Siskiyou Mountains, is the third largest wilderness in the state. A portion of the current Kalmiopsis was originally protected by the U.S. Forest Service in the 1940s and subsequently was included in areas protected by the Wilderness Act of 1964.
Ranging in elevation from stream canyons barely 500 feet above sea level to its highest point—Pearsoll Peak, at 5,098 feet—Kalmiopsis is named for one of the unique plant species endemic to the area, the ancient heath plant Kalmiopsis leachiana. The delicate shrub produces five-petaled flowers that vary from pink to rose in hue and bloom through the transition from spring to summer.
Gold drew miners to the rivers and streams coursing out of these hills during the nineteenth century, and some small claims continue to be worked. The ultramafic soils in the eastern half of the Kalmiopsis region contain heavy metals such as chromium, magnesium, and nickel and are toxic to many plant species. These valuable ores were mined extensively during the middle decades of the twentieth century, prior to the designation of the area as wilderness. Some of the trails that now thread through the area overlay the beds of old mining roads, particularly in the Emily Cabin area. The rugged and remote Kalmiopsis offers visitors outstanding opportunities to experience solitude, but some areas fall shy of being pristine because of the region's history of resource extraction.
The Kalmiopsis Wilderness contains a singular level of rare endemic plants that only grow in niche environments. Some of this botanical variety can be traced to particular soil types. Many plants and shrubs in the area were named by botanist T.J. Howell, including Howell's mariposa lily, Howell's saxifrage, and Howell's manzanita. The Brewer spruce, identifiable by its distinctive drooping limbs, is a native to the Klamath Mountains in the Kalmiopsis. Fen and seep habitats feature a native variation on the fly-catching pitcher plant: Darlingtonia californica. The upper reaches of the Rough and Ready Creek Watershed—outside of the Kalmiopsis Wilderness but adjacent to its southeastern boundary—contain the greatest number of endemic species found anywhere in the state.
The Kalmiopsis and surrounding Klamath-Siskiyou Mountains support the broadest array of vertebrate species in Oregon. Black bear, elk, coyote, gray fox, cougar, black-tailed deer, and smaller mammals and rodents are relatively abundant throughout the region. The Siskiyou chipmunk makes its home in the area and nowhere else. Other species in the wilderness include the spotted owl, quail, grouse, pileated woodpecker, rattlesnake, and scarlet kingsnake.
Three Wild and Scenic rivers flow from or through the Kalmiopsis Wilderness: the North Fork of the Smith River; the Chetco River, in the southern range of the wilderness; and, bisecting the north lobe of the area, the fabled whitewater stretch of the Illinois River Canyon. These clear, swift streams represent some of the least disturbed salmon habitat in Oregon.
Another distinctive feature of the Kalmiopsis Wilderness are two small glacial cirque lakes that are a remnant of the ice age. The most accessible of these is Babyfoot Lake, a short hike from a trailhead on the eastern boundary of the wilderness. Another, Vulcan Lake, is a short trek from the western, coastward boundary of the wilderness.
The half-million acre Biscuit Fire in the summer of 2002 swept though the Kalmiopsis Wilderness and surrounding Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest, burning vast stretches of its old-growth forests and charring some of the better known areas in the wilderness, including the slopes surrounding Babyfoot Lake. The changes this fire wrought on large expanses of unlogged forests have attracted the attention of ecologists and botanists eager to determine the impact of fire on the plant life and to evaluate whether these plants and animals would prosper or suffer while the ecosystem regenerated.Written by:William Cornett
"Kalmiopsis Wilderness." Wilderness.net. _URL_
Atzet, Tom, Diane E. White, Lisa A. McCrimmon, Patricia A. Martinez, Paula Reid Fong, and Vince D. Randall. "Field Guide to Forested Plant Associations of Southwestern Oregon," Technical Paper R6-NR-ECOL-TP-17-96. Portland, Ore.: U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region, Sep. 1996. _URL_
Wallace, David Rains. The Klamath Knot. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1983.
Wuerthner, George. Oregon's Wilderness Areas: The Complete Guide. Boulder, Colo.: Westcliffe Publishing, 2002.


text:
There are a lot of different planets in space and each of the planet unique and different whit each other. To build a unique planet, we need a procedural generation algorithm to generate a unique planet. procedural generation algorithm is a technique to generate automatically a complex content .
The example of the game that uses procedural generation is no man's sky . The game gives user ability to explore unlimited planets in space. This project tries to replicate the system and give user ability to build their own solar system.
2. Implementation Specifics
- Build a sphere from triangle mesh
- Control planet size and color
- Using random noise to build terrain in planet
- Different shader color in different height terrain and ocean
- Biomes setup based on different altitude in planet
- Add ocean depth shader
- Build different multiple planet
- make the planet rotate and has orbit
- Add procedural generation for moon and asteroid
- Unity (Integration and build the system)
3. What final system will look like
In the end, the system will produce a solar system with unique planet and the number decided by the user. Also, the user can add asteroid and satellite to the planet
4. Potential challenges
- Different color in different altitude will be a huge challenge in this project, especially to measure the altitude.
 Emilien, A. Berhardt, Adrien. Peytavie, A. (2012). Procedural Generation of Villages on Arbitrary Terrains. Springer.


TideLog Posts Tagged "sensor"
As I mentioned in THIS PREVIOUS POST, the electronic accelerator pedal position sensor on Volvo's B7R coach, B7RLE low entry city bus version and their B9TL double decker can go faulty. This will result in the Engine ECU reducing the engine speed to safe mode, or limp home mode. The sensor is actually a big potentiometer that is adjusted. The more you press the pedal, the resistance increases, so the engine ECU knows how much to increase engine speed, and as you'll know from those radios and other goods that use pots for volume controls, they go bad after so long, and start to become intermittent.
The pedal potentiometer is connected to the Vehicle ECU (VECU). The VECU converts the resistance value from the potentiometer into a percentage value, and sends it to the Engine ECU, which in turn adjusts the engine speed by increasing air and fuel intake amongst other things, while sending data to the Transmission ECU (TECU) about the engine speed so it can adjust gears, or operate the retarder (engine brake) etc. As I mentioned in the other post, the accelerator pedal potentiometer is connected to the VECU via two hard-drawn signals, one digital (IVS) and one analogue. The analogue signal is generated by the pedal's potentiometer and the digital by an engine idling switch. If a fault occurs in the potentiometer, the digital signal takes over only allowing the bus to reach a certain speed, so that the vehicle can be moved (known as Limp-home). The digital (IVS) signal enters via a port in the VECU, which in turn is connected to the body contact block (BB1:1).
Here I'll show you how to replace the potentiometer, as I did it a few days ago on my favourite B7RLE of Rikku's fleet! The CHECK light came on with the "Check diagnostics for Engine ECU at next stop" message, it wasn't accelerating smoothly. The turbo gauge wasn't moving either, it all felt like the engine was in a deep sleep and didn't want to move the bus!
As I discussed in my last article about the sensor, both pedal sensor and turbo failure can generate the same symptoms, causing limp home mode (Rikku calls it sleepy snail mode!) with the CHECK light and "Check Diagnostics for Engine ECU" message in the info panel. Thereby make sure you fully investigate all possible causes by reading ECU fault codes using VCADS Pro, and checking wiring.
Once you have verified the fault, and determined the pedal sensor is definitely at fault, it's time to replace the sensor.
1. Remove the drivers seat. This isn't ultimately necessary, but I found it made more workroom than just adjusting the seat as far back as its rails would allow. The removal of the seat depends on the seat itself, as different B7R's and B7RLE's have different seats, depending on the body and option configuration. If you're not sure how to remove it, just make it go back as far as possible.
2. Make sure the engine is switched fully off, and that the ignition switch is in position 0. Disconnect the bus electrical system.
3. Locate the pedals (duh!), don't forget that the right pedal is the accelerator pedal, the one we need! Remove the floor mat, or move it aside:
4. Remove the 3 bolts holding the pedal assembly to the bus floor, placing them safely aside, below is the location of the fixing bolts:
5. Move the accelerator pedal to the side and remove the cable clamp (1). Remove the connector (2). Remove the accelerator pedal sensor potentiometer screws (3) as numbered and shown below. Remove the sensor.
You shouldn't need to remove the second cable mounting clamp with screw seen in the image, unless the sensor supply cable needs to be replaced. This runs under the bus chassis up to the Vehicle ECU, and is joined in various places depending on the bus, wiring and body, as the signals go from the VECU to the EECU and TECU.
6. Fit the new sensor, and mount it, making sure it fits back exactly in the same position as the old one, with the wiring connector facing downwards. Refit the pedal with the 3 bolts, and perform a hand test. Press the pedal with your hand and make sure it is smooth. Refit the floor carpet, and driver's seat, if you completely removed it for workspace. If not simply slide it back into driving position and make sure the seat adjustment rails lock in place when the adjustment lever is released.
7. Switch the bus electrical system back on, start the engine, and perform a rev test with the gearbox in Park or Neutral (the B7R coach is manual, the B7RLE city bus version is often auto), pressing and releasing the pedal. Watch your revs and listen to the engine. If the CHECK light illuminates and/or any Check Diagnostics messages appear in the infodisplay, perform testing on other areas. There could be signal loss between control units and wiring.
8. Perform the VCADS-test: 27102–3 Accelerator pedal, test with your diagnostic PC connected to the electrical system of the bus.
9. If the standstill rev test and VCADS tests were successful, take the bus for a test drive, varying your pressure on the pedal. When I'm on a test track I like to thrust the pedal up and down to make sure the system and engine reacts, being gentle then rough, but DO NOT do this on public roads!
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Invest in real estate on your own terms with secured or unsecured mortgage notes
If you don't want to be burdened with maintenance costs or rental vacancies, you can invest in mortgage notes in your self-directed IRA. You can also be a real estate lender with your IRA funds and help others purchase new properties. You set the terms of the loan, including time frames and interest rates. The payments will go to your retirement account.
There are two types of notes:
 1. Secured notes, deeds of trust, and mortgage notes are basically the same thing, depending on the state that you reside in.
 2. Unsecured notes are not backed by collateral and thus often pose a higher risk than a secured note. Because of this increased risk, unsecured notes are generally structured at a higher interest rate.
What are Secured Notes?
A Real Estate Note is secured by real property. The documents required by a self-directed IRA administrator for notes secured by real estate vary by the type of note you are requesting:
 - If you are issuing a new note or seller carry back note, simply submit a copy of the original note, deed of trust or mortgage, and a copy of the lender's title report.
 - If you are buying an existing note, you will need to submit a copy of the original note, recorded deed of trust or mortgage, title policy, deed of trust or mortgage assignment, note endorsement, and note purchase agreement, if applicable.
 - If a borrower cannot pay the balance on a note, the property can be sold to satisfy the debt.
What are Deeds of Trust?
Trust deeds, deeds of trust, and mortgage notes are basically the same thing, depending on the state that you reside in. In a trust deed, the investor loans money to a borrower using real estate as collateral. The loan is secured with a Trust Deed, which is recorded in county land records against the collateral. The terms of the loan are detailed in the Promissory Note.
You will want to define the type of real estate you feel comfortable lending against. Working with a local real estate broker who specializes in trust deed investments is a good start. Perform your due diligence by asking for references, requesting a schedule of loans that have funded, and confirm the status of the broker's license.
It is advisable to order a third-party appraisal or valuation of the property you intend to invest in. You will want to verify that the value of the collateral is sufficient to return the principal on your loan. Additionally, obtain a Title Policy from a reputable title insurer that insures your trust deed on the property. Lastly, verify that the borrower has property insurance on the property and request verification that it names you as a "Mortgagee." Seek legal and financial advice from trusted representatives.
What are Unsecured Secured Notes (Promissory Notes)?
A promissory note is a legal agreement between a buyer and a lender. The note contains the promise to repay a loan, along with the terms for the repayment. The note is not recorded in county land records. The lender holds the promissory note. When the note is paid off, the note is marked paid in full and returned to the borrower.
How do I invest with Mortgage Notes?
Sellers looking to offer financing to potential buyers can have a real estate note created for the transaction. It is important to have your note drawn up by a real estate attorney and that you understand the terms of the note:
1. Open and fund your self-directed IRA.
2. Find an individual or entity interested in borrowing money from your IRA. The loan must be secured by real estate.
3. Complete and submit a Real Estate Note Buy Direction Letter to your self-directed IRA administrator to request funds. You must include supporting documents. The documents required are based on the type of note (Secured Note):
 1. Issuing new note or seller carry back note.
 2. Buying an existing note.
If you are partnering your IRA with personal funds, both you and your IRA are the lenders. In this case, you need to add the percentages of ownership interest to title.
For example, The Trust Group, Inc. FBO John Smith Account #12345, [Percentage of ownership] % undivided interest.
4. When you have submitted the required documents, your self-directed IRA administrator will process the investment and remit funds to the borrower or to the entity responsible for closing the transaction. Normal processing takes approximately three business days with funding happening on the fourth business day, unless corrections are required. A special handling fee applies to expedited processing requests.
5. Assignment of Deed of Trust: The Deed of Trust or mortgage is owned by your self-directed IRA.
6. Send all documents related to the promissory notes to your self-directed IRA administrator for record keeping. They must receive all documents signed by all parties for IRS audit purposes.
Your self-directed IRA administrator must sign investment documents on behalf of your IRA. You will note "read and approved" with your signature and date each page of the investment documents. If the borrower is an entity, they must see the entity formation documents to verify that the transaction is not prohibited under IRC 4975.
After the investment is completed, all payments made according to the terms of the note must be submitted to your self-directed IRA administrator using a Deposit Coupon form.
For specific account questions, please contact self-directed IRA administrator.
Disclaimer: Before you invest in this business sector using your IRA, it is best to consult with your investment, legal and tax advisor. DREI,LLC does not endorse or recommend any of these investments. Proper due diligence by you the IRA holder is recommended before entering into any transaction.
© 2010 by Davis Real Estate Investments, DREI LLC


] args) {
ArrayList<URI> nodes = new ArrayList<URI>();
// Add one or more nodes of your cluster (exchange the IP with yours)
nodes.add(URI.create("http://127.0.0.1:8091/pools"));
// Try to connect to the client
CouchbaseClient client = null;
try {
client = new CouchbaseClient(nodes, "default", "");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Error connecting to Couchbase: " + e.getMessage());
System.exit(1);
}
// Set your first document with a key of "hello" and a value of "couchbase!"
int timeout = 0; // 0 means store forever
client.set("hello", timeout, "couchbase!");
// Return the result and cast it to string
String result = (String)client.get("hello");
System.out.println(result);
// Shutdown the client
client.shutdown();
}
}
While this code should be very easy to grasp, there is a lot going on worth a little more discussion:
1.Connecting: the CouchbaseClient accepts a List of URIs that point to nodes in the Cluster. While passing in only one
URI is fine, it is strongly recommended to add two or three (of course if your cluster has more than one node). It is
important to understand that this list does not have to contain all nodes in the cluster - you just need to provide a few
so that during the initial bootstrap phase the Client is able to connect to the server. After this has happened, the Client
automatically fetches the cluster configuration and keeps it up to date, even when the cluster topology changes. This
means that you don't need to change your application config at all when you need to resize your cluster. Also keep in
mind to use a URI exactly like http://[YOUR-NODE]:8091/pools (and not just the IP-Address for example) -
this is sometimes called the bootstrap URI.
The next two arguments are for the bucket and the password. The bucket is the container for all your documents.
Inside a bucket, a key - the identifier for a document - must be unique. In production environments, it is recommended
to use a password on a bucket (this can be configured during bucket creation), but when you are just starting out using
the default bucket without a password is fine. Note that the beer-sample bucket also doesn't have a password, so
just change the bucket name and you're set.
2.Set and get: these two operations are one of the most fundamental ones. You can use set to create or override a
document inside your bucket and get to read it back afterwards. There are lots of arguments and variations, but if you
just use them as shown in the previous example will get you pretty far. Note that the get operation doesn't care what
you read out of the bucket, so you need to cast it into the format you want (in our case we did store a string, so it makes
sense to convert it back later).
Getting Started
4
3.Disconnecting: at the end of the program (or when you shutdown your server instance), you should use the shutdown
method to prevent the loss of data. If used without arguments, it will wait until all outstanding operations have been fin-
ished (but no new ones will be accepted). You can also call it with a maximum waiting time which makes sense if you
(potentially) don't want to wait forever.
By default, the logger is configured to log from INFO upwards. This means that by default, a decent amount of helpful in-
formation is logged automatically. In our example above, the logs look like this:
2012-12-03 18:57:45.777 INFO com.couchbase.client.CouchbaseConnection: Added {QA sa=/127.0.0.1:11210, #Rops=0, #Wops=0, #iq=0, topRop=null, topWop=null, toWrite=0, interested=0} to connect queue
2012-12-03 18:57:45.788 INFO com.couchbase.client.CouchbaseConnection: Connection state changed for sun.nio.ch.SelectionKeyImpl@76f8968f
2012-12-03 18:57:45.807 INFO com.couchbase.client.ViewConnection: Added localhost to connect queue
2012-12-03 18:57:45.808 INFO com.couchbase.client.CouchbaseClient: viewmode property isn't defined. Setting viewmode to production mode
couchbase!
2012-12-03 18:57:45.925 INFO com.couchbase.client.CouchbaseConnection: Shut down Couchbase client
2012-12-03 18:57:45.929 INFO com.couchbase.client.ViewConnection: Node localhost has no ops in the queue
2012-12-03 18:57:45.929 INFO com.couchbase.client.ViewNode: I/O reactor terminated for localhost
You can see to which nodes the client connects (hopefully every node in the cluster), which viewmode is used (more on
that later) and other helpful output. These logs provide vital information when a issue needs to be debugged (be it through
the community forums or through paid Couchbase Support).
1.3. Working with Documents
A document in Couchbase Server consists of a unique key, a value and us stored in a bucket. A document can be
anything, but it is recommended to use the JSON format. JSON is very convenient for storing structured data with little
overhead, and is also used inside the View engine. This means that if you want to get most out of Couchbase Server 2.0,
use JSON.
The Java SDK doesn't come with a JSON library bundled and leaves it up to you to choose your favorite one. If you are
not sure which one to use, the GSON library is a very good choice (and it's what we'll use in later examples). You can
download it directly (and include it in your CLASSPATH) or get it through Maven.
The following chapter introduces the basic operations that you can use as the fundamental building blocks of your applica-
tion.
1.3.1. Creating and Updating Documents
Couchbase Server provides a set of commands to store documents. The commands are very similar to each other and dif-
fer only in their meaning on the server-side. These are:
 set: Stores a document in Couchbase Server (identified by its unique key) and overrides the previous document (if
there was one).
 add: Adds a document in Couchbase Server (identified by its unique key) and fails if there is already a document with
the same key stored.
 replace: Replaces a document in Couchbase Server (identified by its unique key) and fails if there is no document
with the given key already in place.
The SDK provides overloaded methods for these operations, but to start out here are the simplest forms:
String key = "mykey";
int timeout = 0;
String doc = "something";
OperationFuture<Boolean> setResult = client.set(key, timeout, doc);
OperationFuture<Boolean> addResult = client.add(key, timeout, doc);
OperationFuture<Boolean> replaceResult = client.replace(key, timeout, doc);
Couchbase Server takes performance very seriously, so all these operations are non-blocking (asynchronous). They return
immediately and are handled in a different thread behind the scenes. If you want to explicitly wait until the operation has
Getting Started
5
finished, you can use the get() method on the returned future. If you do so, your calling thread will wait until the opera-
tion has been fulfilled by the server and is marked as done. If something goes wrong, the return value of the future will be
false and you can use the future.getStatus().getMessage() method to see why it failed.
The second param on all these mutation operations is a timeout. When set to 0, the document will be stored forever (or
until deleted manually). If set to (for example) 10, the document will be deleted automatically after 10 seconds. If you
want to use Couchbase Server as a session store, this comes in very handy (amongst lots of other use cases).
1.3.2. Reading Documents
With Couchbase Server 2.0, you have two ways of fetching your documents: either by the unique key through the get
method, or through Views. Since Views are more complex, let's tackle get first:
Object get = client.get("mykey");
Since Couchbase doesn't really know what you've stored as a document, you get a Object back. If you store JSON docu-
ments, the actual document will be a String, so you can safely convert it to a string:
String json = (String) client.get


big as all outdoors
Temple of Olympian Zeus
Though just fifteen columns of the original 104 are still standing, what remains of the Temple of Olympian Zeus is magnificent. Its scale is colossal, and when finally completed by the Roman Emperor Hadrian after 600 years of stop-and-start construction, the marble temple stood as the largest in both Greece and Rome. (During the years of Athenian democracy, the temple was left unfinished because the Greeks of that period thought it anti-democratic to build on such a scale. Aristotle cited the temple as an example of how tyrannies engaged the populace in great works for the state and left them no time, energy or means to rebel.) Size notwithstanding, there is a grace to the design: elegant in their symmetry, the fifty-five foot-tall columns are capped by ornate Corinthian capitals which seem to open up towards the heavens like flower buds A 16th column blew over in 1852 and is still lying where it fell like so many dominoes, giving me the feeling that it's much impressive as a romantic ruin than it ever could have been as a temple.
Temple of Olympian Zeus - fallen column
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text:
JAMES, D. M., CARRE, M. J. and HAAKE, S. J. (2005). Predicting the playing character of cricket pitches. Sports engineering, 8 (4), 193-207.Full text not available from this repository.
A cricket pitch is a prepared strip of compacted soil and closely mown turf onto which the bowler projects the ball. The surface is of fundamental importance to the game and groundstaff seek to ensure that the ball rebound is of sufficient pace, bounce and consistency to promote skill in both the batsman and bowler. The scientific understanding of the factors that influence the playing quality of a pitch is incomplete and groundstaff often rely on experience and 'rules of thumb'. A major programme of research was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of a range of pitch measurement apparatus that are perceived to provide indications of playing character. Over three seasons, 18 fieldwork visits were completed at 11 different first-class county grounds. Pitches were tested at the end of each match and direct assessments of pace, bounce and consistency were achieved by employing an artificial bowler and high speed video arrangement. Measurements of surface friction, hardness and restitution were also recorded. It was found that no single pitch measurement was able to provide a reliable indication of pace or bounce, but, when the measurements were combined in a simple Newtonian model, good predictions of pace were achieved. The study revealed a simple method by which groundstaff can predict pace during crucial stages in pitch preparation. However, the study also showed that bounce is affected by levels of pitch deformation and that development of impact models and bespoke measurement tools is needed to reliably predict variation in bounce.
|Uncontrolled Keywords:||dynamics, friction, impact, pitch, restitution|
|Research Institute, Centre or Group:||Centre for Sports Engineering Research|
|Depositing User:||Ann Betterton|
|Date Deposited:||05 Dec 2008|
|Last Modified:||30 Jul 2010 16:13|
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text:
Characteristic not implies fully invariant in finite abelian group
This article gives the statement and possibly, proof, of a non-implication relation between two subgroup properties, when the big group is a finite abelian group. That is, it states that in a finite abelian group, every subgroup satisfying the first subgroup property (i.e., characteristic subgroup) need not satisfy the second subgroup property (i.e., fully invariant subgroup)
View all subgroup property non-implications | View all subgroup property implications
- Characteristic equals fully invariant in odd-order abelian group
- Characteristic not implies fully invariant in finitely generated abelian group
- Characteristic equals verbal in free abelian group
Let be the direct sum of the infinite cyclic group and the cyclic group of order two:
Let be the cyclic subgroup of generated by.
The subgroup is characteristic
Thus, we have:
Clearly, any automorphism of sends to itself, sends to itself, and sends to itself. Thus, any automorphism of sends to itself. Thus, any automorphism of sends to itself. Note that comprises precisely those elements of that have the second coordinate equal to : in particular,, so the subgroup generated by equals. Thus, any automorphism of preserves.
The subgroup is not fully invariant
Consider the map:
This map is an endomorphism of, but the image of under this map is, which is not an element of. Thus, is not fully invariant in.


text:
Camille Pissarro and Caribbean Light
Camille Pissarro is not only considered the grandfather of Impressionism, but is also a forerunner of Post-Impressionists such as Van Gogh, Cezanne, Seurat and Gauguin. Starting life on St Thomas, in what is now the American Virgin Islands, perhaps inspired the painter's distinctive and pioneering use of light.
Pissarro was the son of a Hispanic Jew and a local Creole woman and spent his childhood marginalized from the white elite of St Thomas' society because of this mixed race background - his family were also frowned upon due to his father marrying his brother's widow. Subsequently the children were schooled in the local black school on the island. These humble beginnings may have contributed to his lifelong fascination with the common peasant people and agricultural scenes which would feature highly in his paintings.
Equally the trade winds, azure sea and bright sun of the Caribbean, like Gauguin with the Pacific, seem to have impacted the artist's disposition and fuelled his artistic leanings. Unlike other contemporaries, even within the Impressionist Movement, Pissarro painted outside for the duration of each piece of work, often completing works in just one sitting.
Though he would abandon Impressionism briefly in favour of the more exact style of pointillism ofSeuratand Signac he returned to it and all his life was devoted to embodying his immediate sensations in his painting. His commitment to capturing the subtle nuances of the natural world, which had previously been depicted in a grandiose and unrealistically ordered manner, caused early critics to be outraged.
It was also on St Thomas where Pissarro met his mentor Fritz Melbye – a Dutch painter who became both his teacher and his good friend. Despite his father wanting him to pursue a more stable career, encouragement from Melbye led him to the decision to become a painter professionally. The pair then moved to Caracas in Venezuela where Pissarro painted incessantly and indiscriminately, capturing everything he came across for two years, developing his style and individuality.


nextmv Docs
Using Dash
Using Dash
Let's do something a little more practical to clarify some of these abstract concepts. Most introductions to discrete event simulation begin with an example of a single-server queue, so we start there as well.
Problem Definition
In this system, we have a line of customers waiting to be served and a single server to handle their requests. The server handles one request at a time in the order they arrive. Think of it like a line at the bank or grocery store.
Simulation is a way of investigating and understanding the properties of complex systems that are otherwise hard to model. Before we build our simulation, we should consider what it is we want to learn about this queuing system. That is, why are we simulating it?
Chances are, if we operate such a system, we are interested in knowing how long our customers have to wait in line before being served. This is defined as the time from entering the queue to the time entering service. We can think of this "wait time" as our key performance indicator for the queue.
Input Data
Now let's create some input data for our simulation. Imagine we have some historical information about our customers, including their unique customer numbers, the number of minutes after opening our queue for business that they arrive, and the number of minutes it takes to service them.
In our system, all these attributes can be defined as part of a customer record, so we can define our input as nothing more than a series of customers.
[
{ "Number": 0, "Arrival": 0, "Service": 3 },
{ "Number": 1, "Arrival": 1, "Service": 10 },
{ "Number": 2, "Arrival": 1, "Service": 7 },
{ "Number": 3, "Arrival": 7, "Service": 2 },
{ "Number": 4, "Arrival": 9, "Service": 3 },
{ "Number": 5, "Arrival": 13, "Service": 4 },
{ "Number": 6, "Arrival": 14, "Service": 6 },
{ "Number": 7, "Arrival": 15, "Service": 8 },
{ "Number": 8, "Arrival": 15, "Service": 3 },
{ "Number": 9, "Arrival": 19, "Service": 2 }
]
We see that customer 0 arrives exactly at the start of our operating period and takes 3 minutes to service. Customers 1 and 2 arrive a minute after customer 0, and will therefore have to wait in line.
Customer 0's wait time should be 0, since they are serviced immediately upon entering the queue. Customer 1 has to wait 2 minutes, while customer 2 will have to wait 12. The simulation takes care of all the bookkeeping required to compute these values for us.
Customers
Just like Hop, Dash operates directly on JSON data using Go structures. We define a customer.go file containing a customer type. It has the same fields shown in our input JSON. The customer type also has access to the event and measure ledgers of the simulation, which it uses to publish and subscribe to events, and to record measurements of wait time. Finally, the customer has a couple pointer fields called arrivalTime and serviceTime for maintaining its internal state.
Customer Types
package main
import (
"time"
"_URL_-io/dash/sim/ledger"
)
type customer struct {
Number int
Arrival int
Service int
events ledger.Ledger
measures ledger.Ledger
arrivalTime *time.Time
serviceTime *time.Time
}
Actors in Dash communicate through events. These events are published and subscribed to using an event ledger. An event can be anything, so long as it can be stored and converted to JSON.
There are two events that pertain to customers: times they arrive and enter the queue and times they start being served. We call these events arrival and service. If we wanted, we could define them as custom types with exactly the fields pertaining to them, but for expediency we simply alias our customer type instead.
type arrival customer
type service customer
We also define a measure type for recording the amount of time a customer waits in the queue. Measures are published to a ledger just like events, and follow the same rules. For our purposes we only care about how long customers wait, not who has to wait, so we define a waitSeconds as a simple integer.
type waitSeconds int
Customer Run Method
Dash works by maintaining a set of active actors in its simulation. When we construct a new simulation, we add actors to it with an initial time to "run" them. Dash adds them to its pool of actors, and calls their Run methods at the specified times.
All actors must implement Run. This method takes in the current time, updates the actor's state, and returns the next time to run them along with a boolean indicator of whether not there is anything left for them to do.
Our customer's Run method is shown below. It has three sections. In the first, the customer tests to see if they have entered service. If so, they publish a measurement of their wait time in the queue, and tell Dash that they don't have anything left to do.
The second section contains logic for a customer arrival. If a customer hasn't recorded its arrival time yet, it does so and publishes an arrival event. Finally, in the third section the customer waits in the queue.
func (c *customer) Run(now time.Time) (time.Time, bool) {
// 1. Customer has entered service.
if c.serviceTime != nil {
wait := c.serviceTime.Sub(*c.arrivalTime) / time.Second
c.measures.Publish(waitSeconds(wait))
return time.Time{}, false
}
// 2. Customer arrives.
if c.arrivalTime == nil {
c.arrivalTime = &now
c.events.Publish(arrival(*c))
}
// 3. Customer waits in the queue.
return now.Add(time.Minute), true
}
Customer Events & Measures
Since our customer type publishes measurements of its wait time, it must implement Dash's Measurer interface. This means defining a method named MeasureTo so Dash can tell it where to publish measurements.
func (c *customer) MeasureTo(measures ledger.Ledger) {
c.measures = measures
}
Similarly, the customer communicates its arrivals to other actors through events. To do so, it must implement the Publisher interface. This requires a PublishTo method.
func (c *customer) PublishTo(events ledger.Ledger) {
c.events = events
}
Our customer publishes arrival events and responds to service events. In order to update its state based on events published by other actors in the simulation, the customer implements the Subscriber interface through SubscribeTo. Note that SubscribeTo receives a ledger.Subscriber type, which lets us associate a handler with an event type.
func (c *customer) SubscribeTo(subscriber ledger.Subscriber) {
subscriber.Subscribe(c.service)
}
func (c *customer) service(now time.Time, event service) {
if event.Number == c.Number {
c.serviceTime = &now
}
}
We can create as many handlers as we want for a subscriber. These handlers are updated before each call to the actor's Run method. This means that when Dash selects a customer actor to run, it first processes all events published to the event ledger since the last time it ran. Thus our customer's state is kept up to date.
Server
Our server implementation has many of the same components as the customer. The server does not have any data in the input JSON, so define the server type in server.go as merely a queue of arrival events to process and an event ledger to publish to.
package main
import (
"time"
"_URL_-io/dash/sim/ledger"
)
type server struct {
queue []arrival
events ledger.Ledger
}
The server's Run method is simple. If the server has a nonempty queue of customer arrivals to serve, it starts the first one and publishes their service time. The server is then busy until they are done servicing that customer. Otherwise, the server waits for something to do.
func (s *server) Run(now time.Time) (time.Time, bool) {
if len(s.queue) > 0 {
c := s.queue[0]
s.queue = s.queue[1:]
s.events.Publish(service(c))
return now.Add(time.Duration(c.Service) * time.Minute), true
}
return now.Add(time.Minute), true
}
A server publishes service events just like a customer publishes arrival events.
func (s *server) PublishTo(events ledger.Ledger) {
s.events = events
}
Finally, a server subscribes to arrival events. Whenever it encounters one, it adds that arrival to its queue.
func (s *server) SubscribeTo(subscriber ledger.Subscriber) {
subscriber.Subscribe(s.enqueue)
}
func (s *server) enqueue(now time.Time, event arrival) {
s.queue = append(s.queue, event)
}
Runner
Just like in Hop, we create a Dash runner to


What is the Facilities Inventory?
A uniform coding structure to identify physical facilities' building and room records. It includes data fields for space type, condition, size, how it is used, and program department codes.
What does E&G stand for?
Education & General. This is assignable space used to carry out institutional missions of instruction, research, and support.
What is considered an auxiliary building?
Income-generating structures and space such as dormitories, cafeterias, student union buildings, stadiums, athletic facilities, housing or boarding facilities used by a fraternity, sorority, or private club, and alumni center used solely for those purposes. Auxiliary space is not supported by state appropriations.
What defines a building?
The THECB defines a building as a roofed structure with at least two walls for permanent or temporary shelter for persons, animals, plants, equipment, or supplies. It is attached to a foundation, roofed, serviced by a utility (exclusive of lighting), and is a source of maintenance and repair activities.
What does NASF stand for?
Net Assignable Square Feet. This is the sum of floor space within interior walls of rooms that is assigned to, or available for assignment to, occupants for use. NASF is determined by room type and room use data fields.
What is the difference between "student capacity" and "maximum occupancy" of a room?
Student capacity is the number of students allowed for a given instructional space based on the nature of the instruction, structural configuration of the room, and layout of the furnishings. This is set by the department chair(s) in conjunction with the college dean and approved by the Provost's Office. Maximum occupancy is the number of people allowed in a given space based on the NFPA Life Safety Code taking in to account square footage, seating type, number of exits, the direction of door swings, door construction, and door hardware among other factors. Maximum occupancy is set by space management and approved by the Office of Risk Managment. Student capacity is always lower than the maximum occupancy of the room to allow for instructors. The maximum occupancy number is posted in the rooms. Student capacity levels can change where the fire code limit usually does not.
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Keywords
Literature review, Perception of stressors, Stress, Stress in the intensive care unit

Authors
 1. Abuatiq, Alham MSN, RN, CCNS
 2. Burkard, Joseph DNSc, CRNA
 3. Jo Clark, Mary PhD, RN
Abstract
The purpose of this article was to provide a historical review and analysis of the research literature focusing on patients', nurses', and health care providers' perceptions of stressors in the critical care setting. A narrative historical literature review method was used. The inclusion criteria include English-language studies of stressors as perceived by patients and health care providers from 1984 to 2011. Several studies investigated perceptions of stressors using the Environmental Stressors Questionnaire and the findings did not show any significant changes of stress perception over time since 1989 until the present. There is a need to further investigate stress perceptions in the health care setting using a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach to provide a more precise description of stressors and stress perceptions in the critical care setting.


text:
This example demonstrates how to share resources between appointments to create multi-resource appointments. To assign any appointment to several resources, open the Edit Appointment form and select the required resources in the drop-down list.
Note: Resource sharing is not enabled by default. To use this feature you should set the ResourceSharing property to true. Make sure that your data table structure is appropriate for resource sharing, since the mapped ResourceID field will hold xml string data.