text:
How-to: Migrate Accounts From One Server To Another (cPanel)
Hello. I am writing this tutorial because this is a solid method I have used in the past for easily migrating cPanel accounts from one server to another. Using this method, you can transfer accounts from an old server, to a new one, help customers from another host move to your host, etc. This method is very simple, and does not even require root access on one end of the migration. I have found the "Transfer Account from another Server" tool in WHM to not work so well, and break often, so I have used this method.
-cPanel on both servers
-WHM access on the new server (one that the accounts are being moved to)
-root access on the new server
Throughout the instructions I will refer to the server your are transfering the accounts from as the "old server", and the server to are transfering the accounts to as the "new server".
1. Log into WHM of your new server and create a new account called "restore", or anything you like for that matter. Remember the FTP address, username ('restore', in this example), and account password. We will need these for later.
2. Log into the cPanel account you are wanting to transfer on the old server.
3. Click on "Backup >> Generate/Download a Full Backup".
4. Once here, select the backup destination to be "Remote FTP Server".
5. Enter your email address for verification, follwed by all of the FTP account information for "restore", which we created on the new server.
–Remote Server: new server's address
–Remote User: restore
–Remote Password: restore's password
Then, click "Generate Backup". This may take some time to backup the files, depending on how large the account is. You should receive an email provided in the above info once it is complete.
6. Now, log into SSH on your new server.
7. Type in the following commands:
After running the list command above (ls), you should see the tar file of the account on the old server. This means that you have successfully sent the file via FTP to your new server.
8. Now move the tar file to your new server's /home directory with the following command:
mv tar_file_name /home
9. Now, log into WHM on your new server and navigate to "Backup >> Restore a Full Backup/cpmove file"
Once here, you should see the old account's username under "Possible cpmove archives found:".
If you do not, log back into SSH and be sure that the account's tar file has been moved into /home.
10. Type in the account name in the text field in WHM, which is proceeded by "Enter the username for the account you wish to restore:".
11. Click "Restore".
12. Repeate process for additional accounts.
That's all there is to it! I have found this way to work alot more sufficiently for moving accounts from one server to another. Hope you all enjoyed!


East Asia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see East Asia (disambiguation).
East Asia
Location of East Asia
States and territories
Capital cities
Major cities
Area[note 1]
 - Total 11,839,074 km2 (4,571,092 sq mi)
Population [note 2]
 - Total 1,601,709,712
 - Density 140/km2 (350/sq mi)
Time zone
 - UTC +7:00 (Western Mongolia)
 - UTC +8:00 (Rest of Mongolia, China, Taiwan, Macau and Hong Kong)
 - UTC +8:30 (North Korea)
 - UTC +9:00 (Japan and South Korea)
Languages and language families
East Asia
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese 东亚/东亚细亚
Traditional Chinese 東亞/東亞細亞
Vietnamese name
Vietnamese alphabet Đông Á
Korean name
Hangul 동아시아/동아세아/동아
Hanja 東아시아/東亞細亞/東亞
Mongolian name
Mongolian Зүүн Ази
ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠽᠢ
Japanese name
Kanji 東亜細亜（東アジア）/東亜
Kana ひがしアジア/とうあ
Kyūjitai 東亞細亞/東亞
Russian name
Russian Восточная Азия
Romanization Vostochnaja Azija
East Asia is the eastern subregion of the Asian continent, which can be defined in either geographical[1] or ethno-cultural[2] terms. Geographically and geopolitically, it covers about 12,000,000 km2 (4,600,000 sq mi), or about 28% of the Asian continent, about 15% bigger than the area of Europe.
More than 1.5 billion people, about 38% of the population of Asia and 22% or over one fifth of all the people in the world, live in East Asia. Although the coastal and rivery areas of the region form one of the world's most populated places, the population in Mongolia and Western China, both landlocked areas, is very sparsely distributed, with Mongolia having the lowest population density of a sovereign state. The overall population density of the region is 133 inhabitants per square kilometre (340/sq mi), about three times the world average of 45/km2 (120/sq mi).
Historically, societies in East Asia have been part of the Chinese cultural sphere, and East Asian vocabulary and scripts are often derived from Classical Chinese and Chinese script. Major religions include Buddhism (mostly Mahayana), Confucianism or Neo-Confucianism, Taoism, Chinese folk religion in China and Taiwan, Shinto in Japan, Shamanism and Christianity in Korea. Shamanism is also prevalent in Mongolia and other indigenous populations of northern East Asia.[3][4] The Chinese Calendar is the root from which many other East Asian calendars are derived.
Main article: History of East Asia
Chinese Dynasties dominated the region in matters of culture, trade, and exploration as well as militarily for a very long time. There are records of tributes sent overseas from the early kingdoms of Korea and Japan. There were also considerable levels of cultural and religious exchange between the Chinese and other regional Dynasties and Kingdoms.
As connections began to strengthen with the Western world, China's power began to diminish. Around the same time, Japan solidified itself as a nation state. Throughout WWII, Korea, Republic of China, northeastern and eastern part of China, and Vietnam all fell under Japanese control. Following Japan's defeat in the war, the Korean peninsula became independent, while Taiwan returned to be part of the Republic of China after the WWII.
United Nations Statistics Division[edit]
East Asia map of Köppen climate classification.
UNSD geoscheme for Asia based on statistic convenience rather than implying any assumption regarding political or other affiliation of countries or territories:[5]
 East Asia
The UNSD definition of East Asia is based on statistical convenience,[5] but also other common definitions of East Asia contain the entirety of China (including Hong Kong and Macau), Republic of China, Mongolia, Japan, North Korea and South Korea.[note 3][1][6]
Culturally, China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam are commonly seen as being encompassed by cultural East Asia (East Asian cultural sphere).[2][7][8][9]
Alternative definitions[edit]
There are mixed debates around the world whether these countries or regions should be considered in East Asia or not.
In business and economics, "East Asia" has sometimes been used to refer to a wide geographical area covering ten Southeast Asian countries in ASEAN, People's Republic of China, Taiwan, Japan and South Korea.[note 3] However, in this context, the term "Far East" is often more appropriate which covers ASEAN countries and the countries in East Asia. However, being a Eurocentric term, Far East describes the region's geographical position in relation to Europe rather than its location within Asia. Alternatively, the term "Asia Pacific Region" is often used in describing East Asia, Southeast Asia as well as Oceania.
Observers preferring a broader definition of "East Asia" often use the term Northeast Asia to refer to the greater China area, Taiwan, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan, with Southeast Asia covering the ten ASEAN countries. This usage, which is seen in economic and diplomatic discussions, is at odds with the historical meanings of both "East Asia" and "Northeast Asia".[10][11][12] The Council on Foreign Relations defines Northeast Asia as Japan and Korea.[13]
Territory and region data[edit]
Country or region Area km² Population Population density
per km²
HDI (2015) Capital
 China 9,640,011 1,373,000,000 138 0.727 Beijing
 Hong Kong 1,104 7,298,600 6,390 0.912 Hong Kong
 Japan 377,930 126,890,000 337 0.891 Tokyo
 Macau 30 642,900 18,662 0.892 Macau
 Mongolia 1,564,100 3,041,648 2 0.698 Ulaanbaatar
 North Korea 120,538 25,155,000 198 0.595 Pyongyang
 South Korea 100,210 51,482,816 500 0.898 Seoul
 Taiwan 36,188 23,468,748 639 0.884 Taipei
Main article: Economy of East Asia
The economy of East Asia is one of the most successful, developed and high-tech economies of the world, being home to some of the world's largest, most technologically advanced and most prosperous economies such as the industrialized developed countries of South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore and Japan. While the military and economic superpower of China is projected to soon become the largest economy in the world surpassing the United States of America. Major positive factors have ranged from favorable political-legal environments for industry and commerce, through abundant natural resources of various kinds, to plentiful supplies of relatively low-cost, skilled and adaptable labor.[citation needed]
In modern societies, a high level of structural differentiation, functional specialization, and autonomy of the economic system from government is a major contributor to industrial-commercial growth and prosperity. Currently in East Asia, trading systems are relatively open; and zero or low duties on imports of consumer and capital goods etc. have considerably helped stimulate cost-efficiency and change. Free and flexible labor and other markets are other important factors making for high levels of business-economic performance. East Asian populations have demonstrated highly positive work ethics. There are relatively large and fast-growing markets for consumer goods and services of all kinds.[citation needed]
Country or region GDP nominal
millions of USD (2015)[14]
GDP nominal per capita
USD (2015)[14][15]
millions of USD (2015)[14]
GDP PPP per capita
USD (2015)[14]
 China 11,384,763 8,280 19,509,983 14,189
 Hong Kong 307,790 42,096 414,481 56,689
 Japan 4,116,242 32,480 4,842,395 38,210
 Macau 51,753 91,376 80,744 142,599
 Mongolia 12,409 4,179 36,429 12,268
 North Korea 11,516 583 40,000 1,800
 South Korea 1,392,952 27,512 1,849,398 36,528
 Taiwan 518,816 22,082 1,113,792 47,407
The culture of East Asia has been influenced by the civilisation of China. East Asia, as well as Vietnam, share a Confucian ethical philosophy, Buddhism, political and legal structures, and historically a common writing system.[16] The relationship between China and East Asia has been compared to the historical influence of Greco-Roman civilisation on Europe.[16]
Major cities and towns[edit]
Main article: Cities of East Asia
Pass of the


text:
Common prognostic factors of work disability among employees with a chronic somatic disease: a systematic review of cohort studies.
SourceScandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 35, 4, (2009), pp. 261-281
Article / Letter to editor
Display more detailsDisplay less details
Primary and Community Care
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health
SubjectNCEBP 7: Effective primary care and public health
OBJECTIVE: Based on prospective and retrospective disease cohort studies, the aim of this review was to determine common prognostic factors for work disability among employees with rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, and ischemic heart disease (IHD). METHODS: A systematic literature search in Medline (_PHONE_) and Embase (_PHONE_) was carried out to identify relevant cohort studies using a well-defined list of inclusion and quality criteria. RESULTS: We identified 43 relevant cohort studies with sufficient methodological quality (20 for rheumatoid arthritis, 3 for asthma and 20 for IHD). The common prognostic factors for work disability found in all the diseases were: perceived health complaints, limitation in daily physical activities caused by the disease (high versus low), heavy manual work, and female gender. The common positive prognostic factors for rheumatoid arthritis and IHD were age (high versus low) and sickness absence. The common negative factors for rheumatoid arthritis and IHD were education (high versus low) and ethnic origin (white versus non-white). CONCLUSIONS: As many prognostic factors for work disability are similar for employees with various chronic diseases, it is possible to detect high risk groups. This information supports the development and implementation of a general disability management intervention for employees suffering from a chronic disease to overcome health-related limitations at work.
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Use your RU credentials (u/z-number and password) tolog in with SURFconextto upload a file for processing by the repository team.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The Soil Moisture Suction Sand Unit "PAHS" has been designed to study and understand the water retentivity principles in terms
suction, the relationship between water retentivity and soil and the derivation of soil moisture characteristic curves.
The unit is large enough to permit the simultaneous evaluation of several samples and consists of a suction system and a soils
- Suction system: It consists of a water circuit that includes a water tank, a pump, a water jet pump and a pressure gauge (
The pump propels water from the water tank and circulates through the water jet pump, which sucks the water of the soils contai
- Soils container: It consists of a cylindrical tank filled with saturated sand (not supplied) that contains three soil samp
le retaining rings.
Inside of the sand the soil samples are placed as well as the humidity meters. A cover is provided to prevent evaporative water
during the practical exercises and several filters avoid sand transport to the water tank. The soils container includes a press
(manometer) and an air inlet (pressure inlet) to study of the effect of the atmospheric pressure.
Soil samples placed on the sand are subjected to suction. This suction is applied by means of the water jet pump and the water
order to maintain the suction, a volume water supply is required.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Deliver to ///banana. lives. torn: shifting human behaviour in the battle for the last mile
This session will explore how the battle for the last mile has changed (voice, autonomy, automated route planning, traffic data etc) with the advent of machines - with a spotlight on China as part of the talk. The personal story is a case study about our experience in what3words of shifting long-entrenched behaviour as the battle for the last mile hots up, looking at China, the West and emerging markets and how the trends towards voice and automation/machines are changing things we've taken for granted for so long. One particular bit of insight would be working with huge corporates as a tiny startup and the challenges/learnings there.
Key takeways include:
- An exploration into the challenges/pitfalls and learnings when large, old companies come up against new tech
- -Why there is a need for a shift in human behaviour: how things aren't always the way you'd expect (the importance of user data). And suggestions on how this can be done in an organisation
- some insight of China vs the West with relation to final mile and the risk of us getting left behind. What can we learn and how can we implement these changes to ensure our businesses in the West are able to innovate and survive?


text:
How Much Potential Energy Do Different Nuts Have?
It seems that at least once a year California has another energy crisis, and almost as often, someone wonders what will happen when California runs out of energy sources. Christopher Crews, knowing that all living things contain energy, set out to prove that different varieties of nuts have energy stores that can be released by burning.
I believe that burning different varieties of nuts will produce energy, and that peanuts will produce the most energy.
Amount of heat produced
- Number of nuts tested
- Amount of water
- Ten each whole, raw, unshelled nuts:
- 32-ounce coffee can
- Two 10-ounce soup cans
- Drill and bits
- Kitchen scale
- Fill large coffee can with water.
- Measure nut.
- Weigh water on kitchen scale.
- Measure and record starting water temperature.
- Drill hole through nut.
- Insert skewer through hole in nut.
- Heat nut with lighter and let the nut burn fully.
- Measure and record ending water temperature.
- Calculate BTU (starting temperature minus ending temperature divided by the weight of the water). BTU stands for British Thermal Unit, the energy necessary to raise the temperature of one pound of water by 1@dgsF. One BTU equals approximately 1,055 joules (or 1,055 watt-seconds).
- Repeat Steps 1 through 9 for each nut.
The average BTU for each type of nut is as follows:
Cashews 15.75 BTU
Almonds 13.76 BTU
Peanuts 10.77 BTU
The hypothesis was that burning different varieties of nuts would produce energy, with peanuts producing the most energy. That's partially correct because all the nuts produced energy. However, the hypothesis was incorrect because the cashews produced the most energy, and peanuts produced the least.
Warning is hereby given that not all Project Ideas are appropriate for all individuals or in all circumstances. Implementation of any Science Project Idea should be undertaken only in appropriate settings and with appropriate parental or other supervision. Reading and following the safety precautions of all materials used in a project is the sole responsibility of each individual. For further information, consult your state's handbook of Science Safety.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
We are on the verge of entering into a fresh new year. Undoubtedly, 2019 will bring new developments, trends and swags with it that will keep mobile app developers and designers on the toe. They will remain busy in exploring the unique ways of recuperating the user interface.
After analyzing the trends in 2018, it is pretty sure that impressing end users only with functionality is quite sturdy. Your mobile app must be aesthetically appealing, and your user interface must be intuitive enough to create a long-lasting impact on them. The look should be able to spell-bound them. Designers have already started working to improve the user interface for ultimate user experience.
Of course, the vital end result should be users' engagement level that goes deeper and more meaningful. And mobile app designers are ready for it.
Let us check out what are the top user interface trends that will remain in fashion in 2019 and will continue to yield a vibrant and consistent user experience.
This effect allows overlapping between fonts, colours, images, and illustrations. The outcome is that you get a startling user interface along with a sense of more space.
2. Engaging Animations:
Animations inspired by human psychology and motion designs will be in fad. Users will enjoy an impressive and engaging interface. Animations give life to user interface thus energizing the users.
3. 3D Interface:
3D graphics bring the touch of reality to the interface. Rendering and using 3D objects in the mobile app interface is in trend. 3D illustrations will offer a more profound understanding to the users in 2019.
4. Bold Colours:
Designers are nowadays using bright and dynamic colors to lift the mood of the users. Vibrant colors with strong gradients will continue to give a fantastic effect with depth and visual aesthetics.
5. Bizarre Designs:
Another design trend that will hot 2019 is the usage of surreal designs. By using unique geometrical patterns, designers will try to create an emotional impact on the users.
6. Voice-enabled UI:
In 2019 users will enjoy the voice-controlled interface that would have a voice sign and other voice controls. There will be more experiments on the voice user interface in 2019 by designers. This mobile app feature will be revolutionary in the world of UI design.
7. Button-less UI:
User interfaces without having the options of buttons will prevail in 2019. With an urge to impart an effortless user experience, designers are now pursuing to eliminate buttons from the screens. The users will counter features like drag and drop to perform the actions.
8. Experiment with Fonts:
In 2019, designers will focus on using variable fonts of different sizes and colors to create an organized, and appealing user interfaces artistically. Such fonts fit the space without compromising on the visual quality.
Why is it essential to embed these Upcoming UI Design Trends in 2019?
1. To get a competitive edge:
Latest UI designs will give you an advantage over the competitors as your app will be differentiated.
2. To attract potential users:
Mobile apps with visual appeals and smoother navigation are the first choice of users.
3. To provide a seamless experience:
State-of-the-art designs will help you to create a flawless experience for your mobile app users thereby allowing you to deliver enhanced value to the app users.
4. To get better app ratings:
Apps with a higher sense of aesthetics and design enjoy better ratings and favorable response in the mobile app marketplace.
5. To establish your brand:
This will help you to develop yourself as an innovative mobile app developer who invests in research and development
Our focus is on UI trends:
Sankalp Computer and Systems Pvt. Ltd. is a flourishing name in the mobile app industry. We truly believe that innovation can simplify the user experience and leaves a remarkable mark on their minds. We are committed to incorporate the latest trends and ideas in our user interface to create a captivating mobile app that can grasp the attention of users at first sight. Our designers are regularly working in this direction while exploring the creative ideas to make the user interface better than ever.
Like!! Thank you for publishing this awesome article.
Wow, superb blog format! How long have you ever been running a blog? you make running a blog glance easy. The whole look of your site is magnificent, as well as the content material!


Make WordPress Core
Opened 10 years ago
Last modified 5 years ago
#31283 new enhancement
Setting poster image for videos inside a video playlist is not very intuitive
Reported by: fab1en's profile Fab1en Owned by:
Milestone: Priority: normal
Severity: normal Version: 4.2
Component: Media Keywords: needs-patch
Focuses: ui, javascript Cc:
Description
This is somehow a follow-up to #27891.
When you create a video playlist, it's very hard to understand how to change the poster images of the videos.
Here is the workflow :
 1. Upload some videos
 2. Create a new article and insert one single video
 3. Edit the inserted video to open the media modal again, and select a poster image for your video
 4. Nice !
 5. Create another article and insert a video playlist
 6. When you choose video, the one that was inserted in the previous article is shown with the poster image instead of the default video icon : very nice !
 7. For other videos, there is no way to select a poster image, neither during initial playlist creation, nor after having inserted the playlist :-(
 8. To select a poster image, you have to go back to the main Media menu, find the right video and edit its details, and then set the featured image (that you guessed it was the same as the poster image)
I see at least three ways to improve that workflow.
 1. In the "Edit video playlist" modal, add a "Select poster image" menu, similar to the one that exists in the "Video details" modal for the video shortcode.
 2. When browsing videos in the media modal, add a link to set the poster image, in the same manner that the "Edit image" link works for images
 3. When browsing videos in the main Medias menu, add a link to set the poster image, in the same manner that the "Edit image" link works for images
 4. Bonus : change "Featured Image" title to "Poster image" in the video attachment post edition page
 5. Big Bonus : when browsing videos in the main Medias menu, add a button "take a screenshot and set as poster" when a video is shown. This will load the video into a canvas, generate an image from this canvas, send the image to the server and set it as poster !
Change History (1)
#1 @wonderboymusic
10 years ago
 - Focuses javascript added
 - Keywords needs-patch added
 - Milestone changed from Awaiting Review to Future Release
I may pick this up
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Look around computers everywhere: TCL offering computer basics class
Flickr user jeffkarpala
Computers are prevalent fixtures in our surroundings. They are found in schools, libraries, hospitals, offices, stores, private homes and government agencies.Yet, there are individuals for whom computers continue to remain a mystery.
"Not everyone has access to a computer, or finds it necessary," says Kathy Deringer a computer instructor with the Continuing Education division at the Technical College of the Lowcountry (TCL). "Yet, they do realize the importance of sending emails, attaching photos, paying bills, researching family history, and connecting via social networking."
Beth Mazur a blog author with AARP attributes the lack of participation by seniors in online endeavors not to access but to other factors such as a fear of learning or a difficulty in handling computers. Given those hurdles what continues to draw seniors to the internet? Ms. Deringer indicates it's the "sharing" component of the internet that appeals to the over 50 segment of the population. "It is the easiest and least expensive way to keep in contact with friends and family globally, and to simply feel connected from the comfort of your own home. Many don't drive, or have transportation, so what better way to stay in touch with the world than from a computer."
TCL will offer a computer basics course that provides an introduction to understanding the mechanisms of the common computer. The course will include an overview of general computer terminology and provide general instruction to understanding Microsoft Windows, email messaging, managing computer files, and storing digital photographs.
Ms. Deringer believes that students no matter their age or skill level will walk away from this class feeling confident in their computer knowledge and eager to try things on their own without becoming overwhelmed or intimidated by the process of engaging a computer.
Computer Basics: An Introduction to the Machine is a Life Enrichment offering at TCL and offered several times during the fall. The cost to attend this seminar is $49 per person.
 - New River Campus: 6:00 – 9:00 p.m. on Thursday, October 13
 - Beaufort Campus: 9:30 a.m. – 12:30 p.m. on Saturday, September 10 and Saturday, November 12.
 To register for any Life Enrichment offering call _PHONE_.
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What to do in the 11th arrondissement?
- Edith Piaf Museum
The Museum is in the 11th arrondissement in Edith Piaf's own apartment. Bernard Marchois, a big fan of Edith Piaf, was still a young student when he first met her in 1958. He sometimes attended Edith's rehearsals at 67 Boulevard Lannes. In 1967, he set up the association "The Friends of Edith Piaf", and ten years later opened a private museum dedicated to his idol. Many objects belonging to Edith Piaf are kept here (one of her famous black dresses, the cuddly toys given to her by her last husband, her size 34 stage shoes…).
Visits are free but reservation is obligatory on 01 43 55 52 72.
- Place de la Bastille
The Place de la Bastille is a Paris square, symbolising the French Revolution. In 1794, the guillotine was set up there, and 73 people were guillotined. The July Column was erected in 1835 by Louis Philippe to commemorate the 1830 Revolution. There are many sights and monuments around the square (Bastille Opera, Bastille metro station, where you can see remains of the Bastille prison).
- The hidden passageways of Rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine
Rue du Faubourg Saint Antoine is one of the oldest streets in Paris. It connects Place de la Bastille to Place de la Nation. Here, for example, you will find a large number of passageways: Cours de l'Etoile d'Or, Cour des Shadocks or Passage du Chantier. Until the 20th century, many carpenters and furniture-makers set up their workshops in these little hidden passageways. They were not far away from the Port de l'Arsenal (the last port in Paris).
Looking for an apartment near the Place de la Bastille ?
Where to eat in the 11th arrondissement of Paris?
- Aux 3 passages
At the heart of the 11th arrondissement, you will find a typical Parisian corner bistrot. Here you can enjoy fresh, seasonal French cuisine (from poached eggs to snails). Prices are reasonable. If you are looking for a friendly and intimate atmosphere, you will find a warm welcome in this restaurant.
- "Qui plume la lune"
If you are looking for a warm and romantic setting, then you should seek out this gastronomic French restaurant. You will find a wide range of 100% organic produce: local products from the Paris region and different wines ranging from the great classics to natural wines.
50, rue Amelot 75011 Paris
Looking for an apartment in the 11th arrondissement ?
- "La Chemise"
Chic, simple, relaxed. These are the best words to describe the atmosphere in this restaurant. It is situated near the Place de la République and provides a very cosy setting. The menu is updated every six weeks, keeping pace with the seasons.
Where to have a drink ?
- "Le Rhum Marin"
If you want to find a bar with a big selection of rum punches, this bar is for you. For those who don't like rum, you can also order a nice bottle of wine together with a plate of cheeses and charcuterie.
92, rue Saint Maur 75011 Paris
- "L'Entrée des artistes"
In this cocktail and wine bar, a fine time is guaranteed. The cocktail menu is chic and original. You will also find French wines served with some nice dishes if you start to get hungry
8, rue de Crussol 75011 Paris
- "Le Perchoir"
Paris is not New York so the rooftops are rare. But we have found you one in the 11th arrondissement. A very nice, discreet bar that can also be a restaurant. You will get a great view of the capital. If you'd like to eat something, don't forget to reserve beforehand (reservation obligatory).
14, rue du Crespin du Gast 75011 Paris
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text:
Cyber Terrorism: Political and Economic Implications
Cyber Terrorism: Political and Economic Implications is a cyber terrorism brief that outlines many of the recent terrorist activities, political objectives, and their use of cyberspace. Much of this book is dedicated to illustrating the use of the global information infrastructure by terrorists for the communication and coordination of distributed terrorist cells, the gathering of target intelligence, and the use of cyber criminal activities as a force multiplier for both physical attacks and infrastructure destabilization. This book identifies the underlying technologies of the global information infrastructure as a means for presenting how critical this emerging domain has become. It then discusses the current attack methods and lays out a series of scenarios for key industry sectors. Lastly, Cyber Terrorism: Political and Economic Implications puts forward prevention and response policies for reducing cyber terrorism activities in the context of traditional information security objectives.
What people are saying - Write a review
Review: Cyber Terrorism: Political and Economic ImplicationsUser Review - Davin - Goodreads
The book was well written and discusses the ideals of terrorism in a cyber generation. It did not talk over what a normal person should be able to understand. The concepts are presented clearly. I was... Read full review


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The popcorn, or trinity stitch as it is called in the United States, is also known as the bramble or blackberry stitch in England, and the spider stitch in Italy. No matter what name you give to this stitch, this slightly raised pattern adds texture to a piece. This particular pattern includes both knit and purl stitches and allows the piece to remain soft and flexible while increasing the visual appeal.
Knit this pattern for any number of stitches that is a multiple of four. Practice with some worsted weight yarn and a larger set of needles before beginning a project that requires you to use the popcorn stitch.
Purl the first row. This will be the right side of the piece. Second row: knit one, purl one, knit one into the next stitch, purl three together; repeat from. Purl the third row. Fourth row: purl three together, knit one, purl one, knit one into the next stitch; repeat from.
Begin your project once you are comfortable with the stitch. Ensure that your tension is even and the "bumps" are nearly identical in size.


text:
Hyperspectral imaging is an emerging non-invasive method for the optical characterization of human skin, allowing detailed surface measurement over a large area. By providing the spectral reflectance in each pixel, it enables not only color simulation under various lighting conditions, but also the estimation of skin structure and composition. These parameters, which can be correlated to a person's health, are deduced from the spectral reflectance in each pixel thanks to optical models inversion. Such techniques are already available in 2D images for flat skin areas, but extending them to 3D is crucial to address large scale and complex shapes as in the human face. The requirements for accurate acquisition are a short acquisition time for in vivo applications and uniform lighting conditions to avoid shadowing. The proposed method combines wide field hyperspectral imaging and 3D surface acquisition, using a single camera, with an acquisition time of less than 5 seconds. Complete color consistency can be achieved by computationally correcting irradiance non-uniformities using 3D shape information.
Lou Gevaux, Cyprien Adnet, Pierre Séroul, Raphael Clerc, Alain Trémeau, Jean Luc Perrot, Mathieu Hébert, "Three-dimensional hyperspectral imaging: a new method for human face acquisition" in Proc. IS&T Int'l. Symp. on Electronic Imaging: Material Appearance, 2018, pp 152-1 - 152-10, _URL_


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John Glen Wardrop
John Glen Wardrop (c. 1920 - c. 1989) was an English transport analyst who developed Wardrop's first and second principles of equilibrium.
The concepts are related to the idea of Nash equilibrium in game theory developed separately. However, in transportation networks, there are many players, making the analysis more difficult than in games with small numbers of players.[dubious ]
In studies about traffic assignment, network equilibrium models are commonly used for the prediction of traffic patterns in transportation networks that are subject to congestion. The idea of traffic equilibrium originated as early as 1924, with Frank Knight.
In 1952, Wardrop stated two principles that formalize this notion of equilibrium and introduced the alternative behavior postulate of the minimization of the total travel costs.
Wardrop's first principle of route choice, which is identical to the notion postulated by Knight, became accepted as a sound and simple behavioral principle to describe the spreading of trips over alternate routes due to congested conditions.
Wardrop's first principle states: The journey times in all routes actually used are equal and less than those which would be experienced by a single vehicle on any unused route. Each user non-cooperatively seeks to minimize his cost of transportation. The traffic flows that satisfy this principle are usually referred to as "user equilibrium" (UE) flows, since each user chooses the route that is the best. Specifically, a user-optimized equilibrium is reached when no user may lower his transportation cost through unilateral action.
A variant on this is the stochastic user equilibrium (SUE), wherein no driver can unilaterally change routes to improve his/her perceived travel times.
Wardrop's second principle states: At equilibrium the average journey time is minimum. This implies that each user behaves cooperatively in choosing his own route to ensure the most efficient use of the whole system.[clarification needed] Traffic flows satisfying Wardrop's second principle are generally deemed "system optimal" (SO). Economists argue this can be achieved with marginal cost road pricing.
The first mathematical model of network equilibrium was formulated by Beckmann, McGuire and Winsten in 1956.
- Wardrop, J. G.; Whitehead, J. I. (1952). "Correspondence. Some Theoretical Aspects of Road Traffic Research". ICE Proceedings: Engineering Divisions 1 (5): 767. doi:10.1680/ipeds.1952.11362.
- Obituary, John Glen Wardrop Transportation 16 pp. 1-2 (1989)
|This biography of a British economist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


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A localization method based on an enhanced particle filter incorporating tournament selection and Nelder-Mead simplex search (NM-EPF) for autonomous mobile robots navigating in a soccer robot game field is proposed in this paper. To analyze the environment, an omnidirectional vision device is mounted on top of the robot. Through detecting the white boundary lines relative to the robot in the game field, weighting for each particle representing the robot's pose can be iteratively updated via the proposed NM-EPF algorithm. Thanks to the hybridization effect of the NM-EPF, particles converge to the actual position of the robot in a responsive way while tackling uncertainties. Simulation and experiment results have confirmed that the proposed NM-EPF has better localization performance in the soccer robot game field in comparison to the conventional particle filter.
|頁（從 - 到）||3725-3737|
|期刊||International Journal of Innovative Computing, Information and Control|
|出版狀態||已發佈 - 2011 7月|
ASJC Scopus subject areas


text:
BETTER TOUCH BETTER BUSINESS
Contact Sales at GOLDEN BAKE.
How to Incorporate Different Flavors and Ingredients with Your Biscuit Making Machine
Biscuits have always been a delightful treat for people of all ages. Whether enjoyed with morning coffee or as a snack during tea time, they can instantly elevate your mood. However, using a biscuit making machine opens up a whole new world of possibilities. Apart from traditional biscuit flavors, you can experiment with various ingredients to create unique and personalized biscuits. In this article, we will explore different flavors and ingredients that can be incorporated into your biscuit making machine, allowing you to unleash your creativity and delight your taste buds.
Subsection 1: Spice up your biscuit game with herbs and spices
Herbs and spices add depth and complexity to your biscuit flavors, transforming them into unique creations. By incorporating ingredients like rosemary, thyme, cinnamon, nutmeg, or ginger into your biscuit dough, you can create biscuits with a distinct twist. These herbs and spices not only enhance the taste but also provide additional health benefits. Experiment with different combinations to satisfy your personal preferences and discover new favorite flavors.
Subsection 2: Sweet-tooth indulgence with chocolate and fruits
For those with a sweet tooth, incorporating chocolates and fruits in your biscuit making machine is a great way to satisfy cravings. By adding chocolate chips, cocoa powder, or even melted chocolate into your biscuit dough, you can create delectable chocolate biscuits that are sure to please. Similarly, including dried fruits like cranberries, raisins, or apricots can provide bursts of natural sweetness and delightful textures. The combinations are endless, and you can even mix and match to create your own signature biscuit recipes.
Subsection 3: Take a savory turn with cheese and herbs
If you prefer savory flavors, consider incorporating cheese and herbs into your biscuit making machine. By adding grated cheese such as cheddar, Parmesan, or Gruyere, you can create cheesy biscuits that can be enjoyed on their own or paired with savory dips. Additionally, herbs like basil, oregano, or dill can add a fresh and aromatic element to your biscuits, elevating their taste and making them a perfect accompaniment to soups or salads. These savory biscuits are ideal for gatherings or as a delicious snack during cozy evenings.
Subsection 4: Gluten-free options for dietary preferences
Many individuals have dietary restrictions, including gluten intolerance. Owning a biscuit making machine allows you to cater to such dietary preferences. By using alternative flours like almond flour, coconut flour, or rice flour, you can create gluten-free biscuits that are equally delicious. Experiment with different ratios and combinations to find the perfect texture and flavor. Gluten-free biscuits not only provide a wider range of options but also ensure inclusivity, allowing everyone to enjoy your homemade treats.
Subsection 5: Exploring unconventional flavors and ingredients
The world of biscuits is not limited to conventional flavors and ingredients. With your biscuit making machine, you can explore unconventional combinations and push the boundaries of traditional recipes. Incorporating ingredients like bacon, chili flakes, matcha powder, or even rose water can create innovative flavor profiles that surprise and delight your taste buds. Don't be afraid to experiment and let your imagination run wild!
Owning a biscuit making machine opens up a realm of creative possibilities. By incorporating different flavors and ingredients, you can personalize your biscuits and cater to various taste preferences. Whether you prefer sweet or savory, traditional or unconventional, the options are limitless. Experiment with different herbs, spices, chocolates, fruits, cheeses, and flours to create unique biscuit combinations that will leave a lasting impression. So, grab your biscuit making machine, choose your desired flavors, and get ready to embark on a delightful biscuit-making adventure!


text:
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The University of Chicago Pres Chicago , 1977.
21 cm, 314 str.
meki povez, latinica
POLOVNA KNJIGA / USED COPY\ A stone bridge from the 16th century, an endowment of Mehmed-pasha Sokolovic, like a mute witness remembers the seeming harmony of different cultures, religions and peoples whereas deep antagonism exists between them. The difference between two civilisations, Eastern and Western, is the most obvious. In the period from its construction until its partial distruction at the beginning of the 20th century, the bridge was the only permanent and unchangeable spot from which all tensions and agitations that provoked conflicts between people, cultures, religions and empires of that time reflected off.\ That is the very fact that Ivo Andric used to create a fantastic four-hundred-years-long narrative arc of almost crystal clear literary style and thus made the bridge a part of our own lives.


a value different from 3

 - To access nested fields, nest them in further input objects:
 query BulgarianCompanies {
 company (where: {country: {gn_countryCode: {EQ: "BG"}}}) {
 id name
 country {id name gn_countryCode}
 }
 }

The following table shows which comparisons are applicable to which scalar types:
Datatypes Comparisons
iri EQ NEQ IN NIN RE NRE IRE NIRE
string EQ NEQ IN NIN LT GT LTE GTE RE NRE IRE NIRE
unsignedByte unsignedShort unsignedLong unsignedInt integer positiveInteger nonPositiveInteger negativeInteger nonNegativeInteger positiveFloat nonPositiveFloat negativeFloat nonNegativeFloat double decimal EQ NEQ IN NIN LT GT LTE GTE
date time dateTime year yearMonth EQ NEQ IN NIN LT GT LTE GTE
boolean EQ NEQ IN NIN LT GT LTE GTE
To compare literals and union datatypes (literal, langString, stringOrLangString, dateOrYearOrMonth) you need to access their value subfield. You can then use all comparison operators.
Note
When filtering by dateTime, the following formats will be accepted:
(where: {dateTimeRegular: {GT: "2016-06-23T09:07:20"}})
(where: {dateTimeRegular: {GT: "2016-06-23T09:07:20Z"}})
The following would not be accepted:
(where:dateTimeRegular:{GT: "2016-06-23T09:07:20.000"}})
Logical Connectives
You can use the following logical connectives:
 - AND (conjunction) is implicit between clauses in the same input object
 - To compare two fields of the same object, just put them together in the same dict. E.g., search for people by birth date and name (Note: commas are optional in GraphQL):
 {person (where: {birthDate: {EQ:"2010-01-01"}, name: {IRE:"smith"}}) {name}}

 - To apply two comparisons to one field (e.g., a range check), just put them together in the same dict. E.g., search for people born between 2010 and 2015 (exclusive). Note: this compares birthDate directly, so it assumes a declaration like birthDate: {range: date} (and not a literal):
 {person (where: {birthDate: {GTE:"2010-01-01", LT:"2015-01-01"}}) {name}}

 - AND is an explicit conjunction. You will need to use it in two cases:
 1. To check two different instances of the same field. For example, look for people who have siblings born on two different dates:
 {person (where: {AND: [{sibling: {birthDate: {EQ:"2010-01-01"}}},
 {sibling: {birthDate: {EQ:"2015-01-01"}}}]}) {
 name
 sibling {name birthDate}}}

 - You cannot write this query using IN because that would look for one sibling born on any of the dates:
 {person (where: {sibling: {birthDate: {IN: ["2010-01-01","2015-01-01"}}}]) {
 name
 sibling {name birthDate}}}

 - However, if the sibling field being checked has multiple values or can match several times, such a check could still match a single node. The example query below will match a person with a single sibling named "John-Jane":
 {person (where: {AND: [{sibling: {name: {IRE: "john"}}},
 {sibling: {name: {IRE: "jane"}}}]}) {
 name
 sibling {name}}}

 2. To make two comparisons on one field using the same operator. (Note: this is only needed for the string operators RE IRE NRE NIRE.)
 - Imagine you need to check for two words, "cheese" and "ham", in any order. If you use AND at the outer level, there is no guarantee the same "title" value will be used:
 {article: (where: {AND: [{title: {IRE: "cheese"}},
 {title: {IRE: "ham"}}]}) {
 title}}

 - So it is better to make the conjunction at the operator level:
 {article: (where: {title: {AND: [{IRE: "cheese"},
 {IRE: "ham"}]}}) {
 title}}

 - You could also do it with a single more expensive regex:
 {article: (where: {title: {IRE: "cheese.*ham|ham.*cheese"}}) {
 title}}

 - OR takes an array of clauses and applies a disjunction.
 - For example, look for people named "john" (first name) or "smith" (last name):
 {person (where: {OR: [{firstName: {IRE: "john"}},
 {lastName: {IRE: "smith"}}]}) {
 firstName lastName}}

 - If you need to check for one of several values in the same field, it is easier to use RE with | (for text comparison) or IN (for fixed values). For example, look for "smith" or "jones" in last name:
 {person (where: {lastName: {IRE: "smith|jones"}}) {
 lastName}}

 - Look for a person born on one of two dates:
 {person (where: {birthDate: {IN: ["2010-01-01","2015-01-01"]}}) {
 name birthDate}}}

 - You can use OR at the operator level if you need a disjunction of two comparisons on the same field. This query looks for articles with rating (a decimal number) outside the range 1..3:
 {article (where: {rating: {OR: [{LT:1} {GT:3}]}}) {
 title rating}}

 - NOT negates a clause. Most of the time you will not need it because you can use negation at the operator level. But you may need it for some complicated tests.
 - EXISTS is implicit when checking fields and sub-fields (one value is enough to satisfy the condition).
 - ALL is applicable to multi-valued fields and checks that all values satisfy the condition. For example, find people all of whose siblings are young babies (as of 2019):
 {person (where: {ALL: {sibling: {birthDate: {GTE: "2019-01-01"}}}}) {
 name
 sibling {name birthDate}}}

 - Note that a person without any siblings will also be returned by the above query (a vacuous truth), so you may want to add an existence check:
 {person (where: {ALL: {sibling: {birthDate: {GTE: "2019-01-01"}}}
 sibling: {birthDate: {GTE: "2019-01-01"}}}) {
 name
 sibling {name birthDate}}}

 - For such cases you can use the ALL_EXISTS shortcut. It is applicable to multi-valued fields and checks both ALL and EXISTS. The example query below finds people who have young baby siblings, and only such siblings:
 {person (where: {ALL_EXISTS: {sibling: {birthDate: {GTE: "2019-01-01"}}}}) {
 name
 sibling {name birthDate}}}

Please note that ALL is expensive since it involves a SPARQL condition FILTER NOT EXISTS. We have implemented query optimizations that use the GraphDB cardinality statistics (similar to what is printed in the Explain Plan) to convert such clause to DISTINCT or MINUS in appropriate cases.
ALL_EXISTS is even more expensive since it combines a FILTER NOT EXISTS with FILTER EXISTS
Where Inputs
The definition of the where "formal grammar" is in the form of Input Objects added to the generated GraphQL schema. By using these definitions, your query development environment (GraphiQL, GraphQL Playground or similar) should provide efficient assistance for writing where queries.
Here is an example from Ontotext's Star Wars API demo service:
../_images/graphiql-swapi-where.png
The GraphiQL UI guides you with autocompletion to easily enter a query like this one:
{
 starship(where: {cargoCapacity: {LT:100}}) {
 id
 name
 cargoCapacity
 }
}
For every GraphQL object type (including Literal) we generate two input objects.
 - <Type>_Where is used in contexts where the type appears in a single-value field.
 - <Type>_Where_Multi is used in contexts where the type appears in a mutli-value field. The difference is that this one has the connectives ALL and ALL_EXISTS.
 - You can use


Información Legal: Kansas
State Gun Laws
21 de junio de 2021
What is a felony?
Throughout these gun law pages, we will refer to gun laws that make it illegal for someone convicted of a felony to have a gun. Kansas defines a felony as crimes that are:
 - punishable by death;
 - punishable by imprisonment in any state correctional institution; or
 - defined as a felony by law.1
1 Kan. Stat. § 21-5102(a)
I am a victim of domestic violence and the abuser has a gun. Is this legal?
Kansas state law says that it is illegal for the following people to own or possess a firearm:
 - a person who is addicted to, and illegally using, drugs;
 - a person who is/was mentally ill or an alcohol or drug abuser and subject to involuntary commitment for care and treatment;
 - someone under age 18, unless the barrel of the gun is at least 12 inches long;
 - someone who is a fugitive from justice, which means that the person knows that there is a warrant issued for him/her for committing a felony;
 - an immigrant who is not authorized to be in the United States;
 - someone who, within the past five years, has been convicted of a misdemeanor for a domestic violence offense in Kansas or a similar misdemeanor crime in another state;
 - someone who has a current protection order against him/her (a "respondent") that meets the following three conditions:
 1. It was issued after a hearing and the respondent received notice of the hearing beforehand and had the opportunity to participate in the hearing;
 2. It restrains the respondent from doing any of the following:
 - harassing, stalking, or threatening an intimate partner, the intimate partner's child, or the respondent's child; or
 - engaging in other conduct that would place an intimate partner in reasonable fear of bodily injury to himself/herself or his/her child; and
 3. The protection order:
 - includes a finding by the judge that the respondent represents a "credible threat" to the physical safety of the intimate partner or his/her child; or
 - has terms in it that clearly prohibit the use, attempted use, or threatened use of physical force against the intimate partner or his/her child that would reasonably be expected to cause bodily injury;1
 - a person who has been convicted of a "person felony," which are various drug crimes listed in sections K.S.A. § 21-36a01 through 21-36a17 of the law, or convicted of any violation of the Uniform Controlled Substances Act prior to July 1, 2009;
 - someone who was a "juvenile offender" of:
 1. an act which comes under:
 - the "person felony" crimes;
 - Uniform Controlled Substances Act prior to July 1, 2009; or
 - certain other felonies listed in K.S.A § 21-6304; and
 2. was in possession of a firearm when s/he committed the crime; or
 - someone who was convicted of certain felonies within the past five or ten years; or
 - has been released from imprisonment for a felony.2
1 Kan. Stat. § 21-6301(a)(10), (a)(13), (a)(14)-(18), (m)(2)
2 Kan. Stat. § 21-6304(a)


Framework:
Addon API
Core Addon API
This is the core addon API. This is how to get the addon API:
addons.getChannel()
Get an instance to the channel where you can communicate with the manager and the preview. You can find this in both the addon register code and in your addon's wrapper component (where used inside a story).
It has a NodeJS EventEmitter compatible API. So, you can use it to emit events and listen for events.
addons.register()
This method allows you to register an addon and get the storybook API. You can do this only in the Manager App. See how we can use this:
Now you'll get an instance to our StorybookAPI. See the api docs for Storybook API regarding using that.
addons.add()
This method allows you to add a panel to Storybook. (Storybook's Action Logger is a panel). You can do this only in the Manager App. See how you can use this method:
The render function is called with active and key.
When the panel is in focus in the UI, the active will be true.
As you can see, you can set any React Component as the panel. Currently, it's one line of text. But you can do anything you want. You should specify the panel title. It could be a plain text.
makeDecorator API
The makeDecorator API can be used to create decorators in the style of the official addons. Use it like so:
The options to makeDecorator are:
 - name: The name of the export (e.g. withFoo)
 - parameterName: The name of the parameter your addon uses. This should be unique.
 - skipIfNoParametersOrOptions: Don't run your decorator if the user hasn't set options (via .addDecorator(withFoo(options)))) or parameters (.add('story', () => <Story/>, { foo: 'param' }), or .addParameters({ foo: 'param' })).
 - allowDeprecatedUsage: support the deprecated "wrapper" usage (.add('story', () => withFoo(options)(() => <Story/>))).
 - wrapper: your decorator function. Takes the storyFn, context, and both the options and parameters (as defined in skipIfNoParametersOrOptions above).
Note if the parameters to a story include { foo: { disable: true } } (where foo is the parameterName of your addon), your decorator will not be called.
Storybook hooks
Writing addons can be simplified a lot by using these Storybook hooks:
useStorybookState
Allows full access to the entire storybook state. Your component will re-render whenever the storybook state changes.
If you use this, remember your component wil be re-rendered a lot, and you may need to optimize for that using React.memo or useMemo or PureComponent.
useStorybookApi
Allows full access to the storybook API.
Detail on the storybook api are further down.
useChannel
Allows for both setting subscriptions to events and getting the emitter for emitting custom event unto the channel.
The messages can be listened for on both the iframe and the manager side.
useAddonState
Extremely useful for addons that need to persist some state.
Storybook may unmount your addon component, and so keeping local state, might not work really well.
Also some addons consist of multiple parts, some part being in a panel, some in the toolbar etc.
With this hook they can all get access to the same bit of state which is persisted even if the components are unmounted.
useParameter
This hook gets you the current story's parameter.
If the parameter isn't set, the default value (second argument) is returned instead.
Storybook API
Storybook API allows you to access different functionalities of Storybook UI. You can move an instance to the Storybook API when you register an addon.
Let's have a look at API methods.
api.selectStory()
With this method, you can select a story via an API. This method accepts two parameters.
 1. story kind name
 2. story name (optional)
Let's say you've got a story like this:
This is how you can select the above story:
api.selectInCurrentKind()
Same as selectStory, but accepts a story inside current kind as the only parameter:
api.setQueryParams()
This method allows you to set query string parameters. You can use that as temporary storage for addons. Here's how you set query params.
If you need to remove a query param, use null for that. For an example, let's say we need to remove bbc query param. This is how we do it:
api.getQueryParam()
This method allows you to get a query param set by above API setQueryParams. For example, let's say we need to get the bbc query param. Then this how we do it:
api.getUrlState(overrideParams)
This method allows you to get application url state with some changed params. For example, if you want to get a link to a particular story:
api.on(eventName, fn)
This method allows you to register a handler function which will be called whenever the user navigates between stories.


text:
Fowl usually refers to birds belonging to one of two biological orders, namely the gamefowl or landfowl (Galliformes) and the waterfowl (Anseriformes). It happens that birds in these groups are good to eat, and often hunted by gun. So the word 'fowl' may be used for a gamebird.
Studies of anatomical and molecular similarities suggest these two groups are close evolutionary relatives. Together, they form the fowl clade, the Galloanserae. This clade is also supported by morphological and DNA sequence data, as well as retrotransposon data.
- Sibley C, Ahlquist J. & Monroe B. 1988. A classification of the living birds of the world based on DNA-DNA hybridization studies. Auk 105: 409-423.
- Chubb A. 2004. New nuclear evidence for the oldest divergence among neognath birds: the phylogenetic utility of ZENK(i). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 140-151
- Kriegs et al. 2007. Waves of genomic hitchhikers shed light on the evolution of gamebirds (Aves: Galliformes). BMC Evolutionary Biology 7: 190 (Fulltext). Archived 1 February 2010 at WebCite


The application can also share the same database with other applicationsby using a ContentProvider.WP7 does not feature SQLite. You can use a third-party library to get thatfunctionality in WP7.To know more about incorporating SQLite in WP7, visit:  _URL_  _URL_ 80
 - 81. Windows Phone 7 Guide for Android Application DevelopersManaging Content across ApplicationsIn Android, ContentProviders store and retrieve data and make the data accessibleto all applications. In Android, you can share data only through ContentProviders.However, Android does not provide a common data storage area that all Androidapplications can access.Android provides you two ways to make the application data public by usingContentProviders:  You can create your own ContentProvider. This is the ContentProvider subclass.  You can add the data to an existing provider. For this, you need a ContentProvider that controls similar data and the permission to write to it.To know more about ContentProviders, visit:_URL_ WP7 execution model isolates every application in its own sandbox for bothrunning the application and for storing data. Applications cannot access informationfrom the common information stores, such as the contacts list. Applications alsocannot directly invoke other applications, such as the phone or messagingapplications. To enable applications to perform these common tasks, WP7 offers aset of APIs called Launchers and Choosers. They allow applications to indirectlyaccess the various features of a phone.Launchers and ChoosersThe Launcher and Chooser APIs call the distinct built-in applications that replacethe currently running application.Android has functionality similar to Launchers and Choosers. In Android, you usethe Intent filter and the Intent API to launch any built-in or installed applications toreturn the data you need or to perform a task.To know more about the Intent filters, visit:  _URL_ Launcher is an API that starts built-in applications in WP7. Your application cancomplete the tasks through these built-in applications for which no data is returnedback to your application. Let‟s take the example of PhoneCallTask. Your applicationcan provide the PhoneCallTask Launcher with a phone number and display a nameto access the phone. When the phone displays the built-in application, the user canchoose whether to initiate the call by using the supplied parameters. When the usercloses the built-in application, your application is activated again. But the built-inapplication does not return any data that result from the user‟s actions. 81
 - 82. Windows Phone 7 Guide for Android Application DevelopersChoosersA Chooser is an API that launches the built-in applications in WP7. Your applicationcan complete various tasks by using these built-in applications for which yourapplication needs data in return.For example, consider the PhotoChooserTask. Your application can use thePhotoChooserTask Chooser to show the built-in Photo Chooser application. The usercan either select a photo or close the Photo Chooser. Now, WP7 activates yourapplication and supplies the result of the Chooser. The result indicates whether theuser completes the task. If the user completes the task, the result includes an I/Ostream that contains the image data of the photo.After the Photo Chooser application is launched, the user can press the Start buttonon the phone and select another application. In this case, WP7 does not reactivateyour application and does not return the results generated by Chooser. Yourapplication should handle this ambiguity properly.Comparing Intent API with Launchers and Choosers APIThis table compares the Intent API of Android with Launchers and Choosers APIs ofWP7. This section compares the mechanism of handling cross application data andperforming tasks based on data I/O in WP7 and Android platforms.Function Android Windows Phone 7Camera Intent intent = new CameraCaptureTask Intent("android.media.action. IMAGE_CAPTURE"); startActivityForResult(intent, cameraCaptureTask = new 0); CameraCaptureTask(); cameraCaptureTask.Completed += new EventHandler<PhotoResult> (cameraCaptureTask_Complete d); cameraCaptureTask.Show();Email Intent emailIntent = new EmailAddressChooserTask,chooser and Intent(android.content.Intent.ACT EmailComposeTask, ION_SEND);composer EmailResult, SaveEmailAddressTask emailIntent .setType("plain/text"); EmailComposeTask emailIntent emailComposeTask = new .putExtra(android.content.Intent. EmailComposeTask(); EXTRA_EMAIL, new String[]{"_EMAIL_"} emailComposeTask.To = 82
 - 83. Windows Phone 7 Guide for Android Application DevelopersFunction Android Windows Phone 7 ); "_EMAIL_"; emailIntent emailComposeTask.Body = .putExtra(android.content.Intent. "Email message body"; EXTRA_SUBJECT, mySubject); emailComposeTask.Cc = emailIntent "_EMAIL_"; .putExtra(android.content.Intent. emailComposeTask.Subject = EXTRA_TEXT, myBodyText); "Email subject"; startActivity(emailintent); emailComposeTask.Show();Market Intent market_intent = new Intent MarketplaceHubTask, MarketplaceDetailTask, (Intent.ACTION_VIEW, MarketplaceReviewTask, Uri.parse("market://search? q=pname:com.google.somepackage") MarketplaceSearchTask ) startActivity(market_intet); MarketplaceSearchTask marketplaceSearchTask = new MarketplaceSearchTask(); marketplaceSearchTask. SearchTerms = "accelerometer xna"; marketplaceSearchTask.Show( );Media player Intent i = new MediaPlayerLauncher Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); Uri u = Uri.parse(xpath); i.setData(u); MediaPlayerLauncher startActivity(i); mediaPlayerLauncher = new MediaPlayerLauncher(); mediaPlayerLauncher.Media = new Uri("MyVideo.wmv", UriKind.Relative); mediaPlayerLauncher.Location = MediaLocationType.Data; mediaPlayerLauncher.Controls = MediaPlaybackControls.Pause | MediaPlaybackControls.Stop; mediaPlayerLauncher.Show();Phone call String url = "tel:_PHONE_"; PhoneCallTask Intent call_intent = new Intent 83
 - 84. Windows Phone 7 Guide for Android Application DevelopersFunction Android Windows Phone 7 (Intent.ACTION_CALL, Uri.parse(url)); PhoneCallTask phoneCallTask startActivity(call_intent); = new PhoneCallTask(); phoneCallTask.PhoneNumber = number; phoneCallTask.DisplayName = name; phoneCallTask.Show();Address book In Android you can access PhoneNumberChooserTask, anything that is stored in the PhoneNumberResult, address book. For example, name, SavePhoneNumberTask address, and number. phoneNumberChooserTask = new Intent intent = new PhoneNumberChooserTask(); Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, People.CONTENT_URI); phoneNumberChooser Task.Completed += new startActivityForResult(intent, EventHandler<PhoneNumberResu 1); lt> (phoneNumberChooserTask_Comp leted); phoneNumberChooserTask .show();Photo Intent i = new PhotoChooserTask,chooser Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT) PhotoResult ; i.setType("image/*"); photoChooserTask = new PhotoChooserTask(); startActivityForResult(i,4); photoChooserTask.Completed += new EventHandler<PhotoResult> (photoChooserTask_Completed) ; photoChooserTask.Show();Web search Intent search = new SearchTask Intent(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH); search.putExtra(SearchManager.QUE Task searchTask = new 84
 - 85. Windows Phone 7 Guide for Android Application DevelopersFunction Android Windows Phone 7 RY, "android"); SearchTask(); searchTask.SearchQuery = startActivity(search); txtInput.Text; searchTask.Show();}SMS Intent sendIntent = new SmsComposeTask Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); sendIntent.putExtra("sms_body", SmsMessage SMSComposer = new "The SMS text"); SmsMessage("123456789","This send


Take the 2-minute tour ×
At my workplace, I work on multiple projects, usually at the same time. GTD seems to suggest defining contexts by what resources are available, e.g. _USER_. But if I'm at my desk, there's typically a large list of next actions available to me, spanning all projects.
It feels like I need to multiply all my contexts (_USER_, _USER_,...) by each project. Is that right? Or do I just need to prioritise my next action list according to the priority of each project?
share|improve this question
4 Answers 4
No, projects are not contexts.
A Context is defined by resources required to do actions that are in that context. For an example outdated by most people's current technology, you can't make phone calls on your _USER_ context list unless you are somewhere with a telephone. A more subtle resource is time - you may choose to define one context for tasks that will take more than 30 minutes, and another for tasks that are under 30 minutes, and another for 5 minute tasks, for example.
You may choose to define your contexts in ways that make sense to you. An _USER_ context may make sense if you have to separate out spreadsheet work from other tasks. Or it may be that a simple _USER_ is all you need, knowing that you have a computer with all the software you need and a telephone all available at once to you.
There are a couple of GTD implementation traps you may be falling into. One is that you do not need to have all of your tasks for every project in your next action lists by context. You only need one action per project, the very next action that produces a deliverable. Think of it as a bookmark that tells you where to resume work on that project.
Another possible trap is thinking you have to work down a context list before you move to a different context. You don't - with each task you complete, you make a choice about what to do next. That may be the next task on the context list, or it may be the next task for the project you are working on (even though it isn't on a context list!), or it may be changing contexts to work off a different list, or it may be something else entirely. You get to choose, GTD helps you lay out information so the choice is clear and you can make an informed choice.
The priority question is another trap, one that comes up over and over again in GTD discussions. You can't prioritize your list ahead of time, because things change too quickly. What was an A this morning might be a D this afternoon, or the other way around. You do need to understand your priorities so that when you make a choice, they inform that decision. Having an A priority on your list that takes 2 hours isn't important right now if you have 15 minutes available, and a C priority is the only thing that fits in that amount of time. But if you have 30 minutes available and a 20 minute C and two 15 minute Bs with a status meeting on the B project this afternoon, now you can make an informed decision about what to do with that time. Maybe you need a 10 minute coffee break, so you should do the C and take a break. Or you don't, so you knock off the two Bs and have something to report at the status meeting.
It's all about making smart decisions from moment to moment. GTDs contexts can help you do that by limiting the number of actions you have to look at to just the ones that could be done right now with what resources you have available. What contexts are useful is something you have to discover for yourself. Some people do quite well with _USER_, _USER_, and _USER_, others use a lot more detail.
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My answer is no as well, but with a my own interpretation of what projects and contexts mean to me.
A project is any work that takes more that one action to complete.
A context is a situation or place where things can get done.
 - It can be a specific place: like your car or the local dry cleaner store where you have to pick up your suit.
 - It can be a kind of a place: like a grocery store, anywhere you can pick up spinach and toothpaste. It doesn't matter if its Lucky's, Ralph's, Vons etc
 - It can be a place where resources are located: like any PC with Excel on it.
 - It can be a place as a state of mind: like when you are thinking about someday maybe or five years down the road or your mind is on money matters. This is not quite horizons of focus where all you are concerned about is scope but more like the place where your mind is at.
 - a place in the company of a particular person or persons:like when you see your spouse or your wife or a meeting with your reporting managers.
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When struggling with a definitions for a word, the word acts as a rule, and your are trying to find instances or examples that you can apply it to (concrete objects for your class, for programmers out there)
In general, a context provides additional information ('meta information') that helps bring meaning to existing information. I.e. A task of 'Slap Forehead' does not seem sensible. Add the context of _USER_, and how to perform this task, why it is being performed, and oher nuances are now evident. This is a absurd example to show the arbitrary nature of a context. Here you'll see that the context provides explanation of a task that could be performed in multiple contexts. The same task of 'Slap Forehead' would be performed differently in the context of _USER_ (i hope)
Luckily, for most us, we don't find ourselves or plan for contexts like _USER_, but more like _USER_, _USER_, _USER_ etc.
For me, if I have a task for a context (e.g 'Clear all emails' in a context of _USER_, but then I find that I have a personal and a work email, I may need to change the way I think about the context. Maybe I put the tasks in a folder called 'Organisation', and context for _USER_, _USER_, _USER_, etc.
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You're correct that GTD defines contexts by what resources are available and this works well I find for home tasks or for people who work in a variety of physical contexts. But for most of us who sit at a desk all day, everything would be just _USER_ or _USER_.
In fact, the old style contexts like _USER_ or _USER_ are meaningless to me even when I am out of the office because - with my iPhone in hand and various cloud services - I always have those contexts available. (so there is no need to write them into the system).
So in that case it makes sense to define your own contexts. I have seen a variety of methods used including some of the good suggestions in the first two responses.
My own setups - I have used contexts (in a previous job) to map to "people" - ie the person I had delegated work to or the boss I was awaiting authorisation from or the client contact I needed to be present.
This is similar to David Allen's idea of _USER_-person-name where you can use a context to collect up all the items you need to discuss with someone when you next meet with them. (Searching on that context gives you the agenda for the meeting).
You asked if you need to multiply all of your contexts by each project. Essentially yes, but I would also say that you can allow yourself to not assign a context in some cases. eg if your work is all of a similar context and there are no constraining factors.
Perhaps it helps make sense of contexts if we talk about constraints rather than resources - So maybe you need to think - what are the constraining factors in getting your work done?
Some people travel a lot and so they need a context like _USER_ or _USER_ for those things that they could do while travelling.
(It's interesting to note that in those cases you might want to put multiple contexts to one action because a phone call might be capable of being made on a long car journey (using hands free setup!) or in the office from your desk. Several of the GTD apps allow this multiple context tagging.
Another suggestion for contexts is "level of mental energy available". So you could have tasks like filing, simple calls, form-filling, for days when you feel a bit tired and not creative/effective say. These might be context = _USER_. And then have _USER_ for your up-days when you are full of energy ready to tackle big tasks or difficult meetings :)
Priorities - I would definitely not use priorities in the contexts slot. In fact, I have heard David Allen speak against the use of priorities altogether - as if he does not favour the old fashioned A B C 123 style of to do list.
Personally I quite like prioritising so when I have a lot on, I take a handful of next actions for the day and prioritise them on a separate day-list so I can get focused and not be distracted by the entire next actions list. But that is strictly a disposable - for today only - kind of priority.
Recently I've changed job and as a result moved from using Outlook tasks for GTD, to experimenting with cloud services and I think I have settled on Nozbe.com
One of the posts above mentioned "time required" as a context - this is a great idea but one of the things I like


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During these two weeks the expedition route takes us through the wildest parts of Georgia visiting its beautiful highlands - Tusheti and Khevsureti - the parts of the Main Caucasus Ridge. The trip starts with a excursion in the capital of Georgia Tbilisi. After driving along a fantastic mountain road to the village Shenako, passing deep gorges with white-waterfalls, we start the trek by walking along the Pirikita Alazani Gorge River with its forested slopes. On the way we will enjoy exploring medieval villages and ancient monuments. We cross the Atsunta Pass (3430 m) into the Khevsureti - a lost wilderness where traditions have remained the same for centuries. Walking through the Andaki gorge we will end our trek in the medieval village-citadel Shatili and then return to Tbilisi.
Georgia is situated on the historic and geographic threshold between Europe and Asia. The capital of Georgia is Tbilisi. The country itself is not very big with the population of 5.5 million people and occupies the area of 69,500 square km. The highest mountains are Shkhara (5068 m) and Kazbek (5047 m). See Mt. Kazbek climb. Georgia is a country of great beauty and diversity. The Europe's highest mountain chain - Caucasus, extending from the Black Sea to the Caspian Sea, separates Georgia from Russia. Spectacular landscapes range from the Black Sea subtropics to snowy peaks and from thick forests to semi-deserts. The main part of Georgia is located on the south side of the Greater Caucasus range resulting in a sunny and warm climate.
This is primarily camping trip with some nights in hotels and locals' houses. The majority of walking is on good mountain paths. The hardest and the longest day (8-9 hours walking) of the trek is the day when we cross Atsunta Pass. Here the path gets narrow and sometimes almost disappears. Crossing Atsunta Pass involves walking on quite steep slopes. Some parts of the route lie on narrow, rough mountain tracks. Most of the streams we cross by bridges, but there are few small streams to be crossed without bridges. An average day involves about 5-6 hours walk. The trek is suitable for any normally fit and healthy person used to trekking. The total trek is 11 days walking. Horses will carry the all the luggage allowing us to walk only with a day-pack.
Depending on the group size we use a bus or minibus. On the part in the vicinity of Shenako village (about 100 km) we require a 4WD vehicle since the track is steep and rough. Mountain weather is variable. In the valleys day temperatures may rise over 20°C. At the highest campsites, nights will be cooler and frosts are likely. An extra fleece jacket is recommended for the evenings after the sunsets. Rain and summer storms and snowfall on the passes could be encountered any time. On the other hand, in towns, afternoon temperatures often rise above 30°C. Horses will carry all communal equipment and most of your main luggage; a strong, soft bag is easier than a framed rucksack for the horses to carry.
Good waterproofs and warm clothes are necessary. A ski stick can be useful throughout the trek so we recommend that you take one. A telescopic one is particularly good. Major items are good, waterproof walking boots and a three-season sleeping bag and mat. A 35 liter rucksack should be adequate. If you are already a hiker or backpacker you will probably have much of the clothing and the equipment required. You will not need to take all of your belongings on the trek; some of the items that you do not need on trek can be left in Tbilisi. A detailed equipment list will be sent with confirmation of booking. No vaccinations are required to entry Georgia. We will apply for a group visa and will send the appropriate forms on receipt of your booking form.
Day 1: Arrive in Tbilisi. You will be met at the airport and transfer to the hotel in the city center.
Day 2: Drive to the town Telavi in Kakheti province. On the way visit David Gareji Monastery and walk up to Udabno Monastery. These contain ancient frescos and fine cave architecture. Accommodation at a beautifully designed guesthouse. Possible Excursion to "Batonistsikhe" - the former residence of Kakhetian tsars. Hotel. Dinner.
Day 3: Depart for Tusheti (the mountain road being steep and rough). Along the way we pass wonderful scenery and dense pine forests. We cross the Main Caucasian Ridge over Abano Pass, 2930 m, and stop for a lunch below the pass. Continue down to the mountainous Tusheti and the Village Shenako (6-7 hrs drive from Telavi) where we stay at a village house.
Day 4: We will start our trek passing the village Diklo - the last inhabited point in the gorge. From the village along a narrow path we cross a pass and descend to the Pirikita Alazani Gorge. Passing the village Chigo located on a steep slope, have a lunch and continue trekking along the Pirikita Alazani gorge to the village of Dartlo. The two sides of the gorge have very different vegetation. The slopes on the right side of the gorge are grassy and on the left hand are covered by the rich pine tree forests. Our camp is on the bank of the river, 1850 m, 6-7 hrs walking. The village there with ancient towers makes a wonderful view. Relax before the dinner.
Day 5: We walk up the Pirikita Alazani Gorge to the village Parsma, along a wide path through alpine meadows along the river. 5hrs. We pass old and uninhabited villages with guard towers. In summer shepherds use some houses. Stopover to view the most preserved towers and lunch in the village Chisho. The village Parsma is the one of the last inhabited points in this part of the gorge with a few families living here. Overnight in the chalet at 1960 m.
Day 6: Continuing up the Pirikita Alazani, the path becomes narrower. We lunch at shepherds hut before the gorge gets narrow and heading towards the Atsunta Pass up grassy slopes. Camp at 2400 m. There is a wonderful view of the mountains.
Day 7: We ascend the Atsunta Pass 3430 m. At first the path (very narrow) lies over gentle grassy slopes but then becomes steeper and stony over steep slopes. Lunch before the steep slopes begin. In spring some streams wash the path after intensive snow melting. While descending the slope becomes gentler and covered by bigger stones, 7hrs walk. After a short stop we descend to the campsite, 1 - 1.5 hrs, at 2700 m in an alpine meadow.
Day 8: Descending to the Andaki Gorge, over grassy slopes covered with the thickets of the Caucasian Rhododendron, to the river Andaki. Our campsite is near the confluence of the rivers Andaki and Chanchakhi, 4 - 5 hrs, 1800 m. It is possible to visit Ardoti, the first Khevsureti's village on our way. Old and ruined houses stand close to the new ones of the same design built by the young people who came back to their father's land. There are the ruins of the only orthodox church in Khevsureti.
Day 9: Today we do a side trip to explore the Chanchakhi Gorge, through which the Chanchakhi River swiftly flows with many rapids and waterfalls, then walk to a settlement at Lower Khakhabo. After stopping to meet the local people, we continue to the settlement at Upper Khakhabo, a mysterious medieval village that is one of the most inaccessible villages in Georgia. Its old tower-type houses were built from the local rocks and are very picturesque. After lunch we return to camp.
Day 10: Descending to the Andaki gorge from Ardoti to Mutso, 2 hrs walk. Opposite to the village there is a fortress, once used by all the neighboring villages for defense. A short detour to view the fortress before having lunch by the river. Walking down the gorge. After 3-4 hrs we get to the village Shatili. Camp at the village at 1375 m. Includes: (D).
Day 11: Shatili village-fortress dates back to the 10th - 12th centuries. In the Middle Ages all the neighboring villages were using it to defend themselves. Short visit the Shatili fortress. Drive to Tbilisi, crossing the Datvis Jvari Pass, 2676 m. and following the deep Aragvi gorge join the Georgian Military Highway. We follow this to Mtskheta, the ancient capital of Georgia, where we visit 6th century Jvari Monastery and Svetitskhoveli Cathedral (11th century). Return to our hotel in Tbilisi.
Day 12: Morning city tour in Tbilisi with visits to the Old Town, Narikala citadel. Free afternoon. In the evening farewell dinner tasting delishes Georgian cuisine and wine. Overnight Hotel.
Day 13. Breakfast. Drive to the airport for the return flight home. Trip ends.
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Europe Georgia Outdoor: Land Rambler Hiking & Trekking Cultural Journey
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Does white wine have sulfites?
by | Recent Studies
Riesling label contains sulfites
Even white wine has sulfites
Unless the wine was treated with hydrogen peroxide (and thus ruined), the quick answer is yes.
All wines have sulfite in them. In fact, white wine usually has more sulfites than red wine. Sulfites are created naturally during the fermentation process. After a wine has fermented it usually contains somewhere between 2 and 10 parts per million (ppm).
White wines are typically sweeter than red wines. To stop the wine from fermenting the residual sugars, potassium metabisulfite is added to the wine to halt the fermentation. This is why white wines typically have more sulfites than red wines
Most wines have additional sulfite added to protect the wine. It doesn't matter which country the wine is from, almost all wines have sulfites around 80 ppm. Only the United States and Australia are required to note that sulfites were added.
Here's a bottle of Asti, and yes it contains sulfites
Wine is a food product, and without sulfites wine would not last long. Organic wines without sulfite added have this problem, and do not last long on the shelves. Sulfites act as a preservative to protect the wine from molds, oxidation, and spoiling.
There is no scientific link between sulfites and headaches, although many blame sulfites to cause red wine headaches (RWH).
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text:
Origin: Ger < dial. form of rücken, the back (see ridge) + sack < OHG sac (see sack)
See rucksack in American Heritage Dictionary 4
Origin: : dialectal Ruck, back (from Middle High German rück, ruck, from Old High German hrukki; see sker-2 in Indo-European roots)
Origin: + Sack, sack (from Middle High German sac, from Old High German, from Latin saccus; see sack1).
Learn more about rucksack


Bucklin voting
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Bucklin voting is a class of voting systems that can be used for single-member and multi-member districts. It is named after its original promoter, James W. Bucklin of Grand Junction, Colorado, and is also known as the Grand Junction system. As in Majority Judgment, the Bucklin winner will be one of the candidates with the highest median ranking or rating.
Voting process[edit]
Bucklin rules varied, but here is a typical example:
Voters are allowed rank preference ballots (first, second, third, etc.).
First choice votes are first counted. If one candidate has a majority, that candidate wins. Otherwise the second choices are added to the first choices. Again, if a candidate with a majority vote is found, the winner is the candidate with the most votes accumulated. Lower rankings are added as needed.
A majority is determined based on the number of valid ballots. Since, after the first round, there may be more votes cast than voters, it is possible for more than one candidate to have majority support.
Variants and relationships to other systems[edit]
The term Bucklin Voting refers to the process of counting all votes on all ballots that are above some threshold, and then adjusting that threshold down until a majority is reached. In some variants which have been used, equal ranking was allowed at some or all ranks. Some variants had a predetermined number of ranks available (usually 2 or 3), while others had unlimited ranks. There were also variants were akin to Borda voting in that lower-ranked votes counted for less.
The Bucklin procedure is one way to ensure that the winning candidate will be among those with the highest median rating. Another system with this property is Majority Judgment. Although Majority Judgment does not use the Bucklin procedure, it can be considered as a Bucklin system with a rated ballot, that is, one which allows equal or skipped rankings.[according to whom?]
Bucklin applied to multiwinner elections[edit]
Bucklin was used for multiwinner elections.[citation needed] For multi-member districts, voters marked as many first choices as there are seats to be filled. Voters marked the same number of second and further choices. In some localities, the voter was required to mark a full set of first choices for his or her ballot to be valid. However, allowing voters to cast three simultaneous votes for three seats could allow an organized 51% to win all three seats in the first round, so this system does not give proportional representation.
History and usage[edit]
The method was proposed by Condorcet in 1793.[1] It was re-invented under its current name and used in many political elections in the United States in the early 20th century, as were other experimental election methods during the progressive era. In two states, it was found to violate the state constitution and overturned; in the remainder of states using it, it was repealed. In Minnesota, it was ruled unconstitutional, in a decision that disallowed votes for multiple candidates, in opposition to some voters' single expressed preference,[2] and in a variant used in Oklahoma, the particular application required voters in multi-candidate elections to rank more than one candidate, or the vote would not be counted; and the preferential primary was therefore found unconstitutional. The canvassing method itself was not rejected in Oklahoma.[3]
Satisfied and failed criteria[edit]
Bucklin voting satisfies the majority criterion, the mutual majority criterion and the monotonicity criterion.[4]
Bucklin voting without equal rankings allowed fails the Condorcet criterion, independence of clones criterion,[5] later-no-harm, participation, consistency, reversal symmetry, the Condorcet loser criterion and the independence of irrelevant alternatives criterion.
If equal and skipped rankings are allowed, Bucklin passes or fails the same criteria as Majority Judgment.
Example application[edit]
The candidates for the capital are:
 - Knoxville, with 17% of the voters
 - Chattanooga, with 15% of the voters
The preferences of the voters would be divided like this:
42% of voters
(close to Memphis)
26% of voters
(close to Nashville)
15% of voters
(close to Chattanooga)
17% of voters
(close to Knoxville)
 1. Memphis
 2. Nashville
 3. Chattanooga
 4. Knoxville
 1. Nashville
 2. Chattanooga
 3. Knoxville
 4. Memphis
 1. Chattanooga
 2. Knoxville
 3. Nashville
 4. Memphis
 1. Knoxville
 2. Chattanooga
 3. Nashville
 4. Memphis
City Round 1 Round 2
Memphis 42 42
Nashville 26 68
Chattanooga 15 58
Knoxville 17 32
The first round has no majority winner. Therefore the second rank votes are added. This moves Nashville and Chattanooga above 50%, so a winner can be determined. Since Nashville is supported by a higher majority (68% versus 58%), Nashville is the winner.
Voter strategy[edit]
Voters supporting a strong candidate have an incentive to bullet vote (offer only one first-rank vote), in hopes that other voters will add enough votes to help their candidate win. This strategy is most secure if the supported candidate appears likely to gain many second-rank votes.
In the above example, Memphis voters have the most first-place votes and might not offer a second preference in hopes of winning, but the strategy fails, unless other voters also bullet vote, because they are not a second-place choice of competitors.
If all Memphis voters bullet vote, Chattanooga voters could cause their city to win by all bullet voting. However, if all Nashville voters also do the same, Memphis would win on the fourth and final round. In that case, Knoxville voters could do nothing to change the outcome.
In this particular example (but not always), bullet voting benefits one group of voters only if another group or groups do it as well. The example shows that, depending upon who does it, bullet voting may distort the outcome and could be counterproductive for some voters who do it (here, those from Chattanooga and Nashville).
To prevent bullet voting, voters could be required to rank all candidates on the ballot. This would provide the voter with a disincentive to bullet vote, as the vote would not be counted unless all candidates are ranked.
See also[edit]
 1. ^ Principles and problems of government, Haines and Hanes, 1921
 2. ^ Brown v. Smallwood, 130 Minn. 492, 153 N. W. 953
 3. ^ Dove v. Oglesby, 114 Okla. 144, 244 p. 798
 4. ^ Collective decisions and voting: the potential for public choice, Nicolaus Tideman, 2006, p. 204
 5. ^ Tideman, 2006, ibid


Comic book artists putting in hidden meanings in comics
Recently, X-Men Gold #1 was criticized for how it had hidden religious, political meanings in the art. The artist responsible was fired because of it. This article would examine other comic book artists who faced a similar situation and the consequences of their actions.
 Want to write about Comics or other art forms?
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text:
The soldermask needs to be adjusted to compensate for possible misalignments of the soldermask. We use an automated system to detect whether a soldermask opening has already been adjusted or not.
Every process has imprecisions to a certain degree, this also applies to the soldermask of PCBs. A misalignment of the soldermask might cover up parts of a pad, resulting in less space to mount a component. A soldermask opening around a Pad compensates for some misregistration. The opening is typically 20~125µm larger per side than the copper pad, the value depends on the component. Reputable component manufacturers will often provide an example landpattern with a recommended soldermask opening.
Some designs may not have adjusted soldermask openings, to provide an optimal PCB we use an automated system to adjust the opening. In this paragraph, we explain how the system works and what its capabilities are.
Our System assumes that optimized soldermask openings are larger than the copper pad. Square, Rectangular and Round openings can be optimized, irregular shapes will be left as is.
When a design is uploaded, our system will create a test opening/area which is 10 µm smaller than the soldermask openings in the design. The system will now create test points along the outline of the test opening/area and probe if the test shape touches copper. If all test points touch copper, we assume the opening was not optimized. We will then enlarge the original opening by 20µm.
If some points do not touch copper, we assume the soldermask opening was already adjusted.
Gerber files do not contain any information about pads, so we can only detect whether copper is present or not. This means that the automatic system cannot correctly detect Pads placed in copper fills, as a result, they will not be adjusted. We do not categorize this as problematic, as small pads where a soldermask misalignment might be suboptimal are typically not connected to copper planes.


The work is following the woodland management plan produced by the Friends of Littleheath together with The London Borough of Croydon, and supported by the Forestry Commission.The work is not funded by Croydon Council so is unaffected by their current financial situation. The work commenced Monday 8th February 2021.
What is a Ride?
Rides are open, sunny corridors through the woodland, where taller trees have been removed to allow more light in, helping a wider variety of wildlife to flourish. At the edge of the path grow short, small plants such as grasses, herbs and flowers, which butterflies will thrive on. This short vegetation gives way to the shrubby growth like bramble, and then further from the path edge there are small trees that graduate into full woodland with taller, more mature trees and a shadier understory. They often form a link between open areas or glades thus creating a wildlife corridor. According to the Forestry Commission, the greatest benefit is gained when the width of the ride is equal to or greater than the height of the adjacent canopy trees. It is unlikely that the rides in Littleheath Woods will attain that width, especially Fields Path, as only one side will be cleared but nevertheless there will still be great benefits.
Where will the Rides be created?
The Council's Forestry Advisor proposed that two Rides be created in Littleheath Woods. One along Fields Path which links Clears Croft to Fallen Oak Field and the other on a section of the Vanguard Way running from the bottom of Fields Path towards the Croham Valley entrance. Contractors have taken down a selection of canopy trees along the eastern edge of Fields Path with a few good specimens left to provide a wind breaks or "buffers". Sadly, many of the large trees here were not in good health – there are some very old Silver Birches, which are not particularly long lived trees, a few unhealthy oaks and some ash which suffered from Ash Die Back. The second Ride Project ( Vanguard Way towards Croham Valley entrance) will be a separate, future, project.
Why are Rides Important?
Establishing woodland edge habitats, which are sunnier and warmer than the woodland proper, creates a high level of species diversity. The Forestry Commission estimates that a greater number of species inhabit the first 10 metres of any woodland edge or ride edge than inhabit the remainder of the woodland. Although Littleheath Woods contains two fields and therefore, it would seem, plenty of "woodland edge", mostly the tall, canopy trees grow around the boundaries, thus negating the benefit of the edge habitat. Edge habitats benefit many species, particularly rare and declining woodland butterflies such as the small pearl-bordered fritillary and the white admiral. The latter, a classic woodland species in the UK has recently suffered a decline in numbers. These big butterflies can be seen from late June until early August, flying up and down ride edges under the dappled light. The Butterfly Conservation Society also lists skippers, black hairstreaks, fritillaries and purple emperors as particular beneficiaries of rides. The herb layer supports a larger invertebrate population generally with subsequent benefit to birds and small mammals.
What Maintenance is Required?
The Friends have commenced a tidy up, along Fields Path, of the felled small branches and brash, creating habitat piles where appropriate. The felled trees will be uplifted to a stack when the ground conditions improve ready for being taken offsite for recycling.
No one can fail to notice the extensive bramble ground cover in Littleheath Woods and, whilst bramble does have great benefits in terms of shelter, nesting sites and food supply to a variety of species, it is possible to have too much of a good thing! Bramble does tend to be invasive and smothering, so in order to maintain a good "herb" layer at the Ride edge, the bramble will be cut once a year. The Friends group will regularly remove anything of any size that emerges in the herb layer as well as coppicing the hazel on a rotational basis.
Additional Contractor Work
CCF (Continuous Cover Forestry) is a process whereby groups of very old, failing and/or diseased trees are removed to open up the canopy and allow light in for new saplings to be planted and grow up as replacements. The section of the Vanguard Way which goes uphill from Fallen Oak Field to Foxearth Path is surrounded mainly by very old sweet chestnut trees. The plan over future years is to remove a number of these in sections replant with a sessile oak, scots pine, hornbeam and rowan. Whilst on site, the contractors made a start on this process by opening up two sites which will be planted up next year.