Regular backgroundProfessionally made DVDs, such as Hollywood movies, often incorporate audio and video on the menu screens. Most consumer DVD-authoring apps will let you do the same. For example, your menu can play a song, display a short scene looping in the background, and even play video clips inside the menu buttons that link to the video file itself.
Faded background
Production Notes
 - The audio and video used in multimedia menus require space on your DVD. If your project consists of a lot of data, such as large video files, you may have to compress your video so everything will fit on the disc.
 - If your video is over 80 minutes or so, adding lots of audio and video menus will require you to compress your project more than recommended. The result could be a noticeable degradation in quality.
 - When adding background audio to a DVD menu, keep the duration over a minute. Shorter clips are more repetitive and can quickly become annoying.
 - When inserting a video background, make sure it doesn't obscure other menu elements. If the background is busy or full of colors, you may have to fade or brighten the video clip slightly to ensure that buttons and other menu text are easy to see.
 - Like the special effects you can add to your videos, menu animations can be very irritating when overused. Don't use these effects just because you can. And when you do include animations, make sure the effect is aesthetically pleasing and matches the tone of the underlying video.


How To Fix iPhone XR Rear Camera Not Working Faulty
Basic Fix Ideas On Motherboard
The rear camera faulty fix of the iPhone 8 and its successors is easier than its previous iPhones. Because since the iPhone 8, all iPhones apply multi-pin integrated chips instead of power supply connectors with 4 pins. Generally speaking, for iPhone 8, and the following iPhones, there are mainly two causes for the rear camera not working faulty on the motherboard:
 1. I2C bus
Flashlight and rear camera share the same I2C bus. Under such circumstances, when one part has been damaged or not working or the I2C bus itself has been faulty, it will cause the other parts not working. Therefore, when flashlight has been faulty, it will lead to rear camera fail to work, vice versa.
 1. Camera Connector
There is an interrupt signal on the camera connector. The signal is connected to the CPU and the camera cannot work without it, so the camera connector also needs to be checked：corrosive power supply parts, pseudo-soldering chips, or broken circuits connected to CPU.
That being so, we can fix an iPhone rear camera faulty according to its performance. Such as, if the rear camera cannot work, and the flashlight work normally, then it is the CPU signal faulty instead of the I2C bus.
Case Study: Fix An iPhone XR Rear Camera Not Working
Now we will give a demonstration of an iPhone XR and you will learn the fix methods and steps.
Step 1: Check The Performance
First of all, let's check its performance. It is quite easy, just check the flashlight. It turns out the flashlight is normal, so it is the camera connector faulty if the rear camera itself is OK.
Step 2: Replace Rear Camera
Before moving to the motherboard fix, we still need to check the rear camera. After all, replacing a rear camera is much easier than fixing the parts on the camera connector.
Hence we disconnect the screen ( How? Please check here: iPhone XR screen replacement guide), remove the battery connector, and take down the rear camera. Then install a new rear camera. After that, we test again, however, the rear camera still won't work, so it is indeed the camera connector faulty.
Step 3: Measure Camera Connector
Two steps for measuring camera connector:
 1. Measure the diode readings of the pins on the rear camera connector, if the values are abnormal, we then check the related circuits. However, all the values are normal, so we move to the next step.
 1. Measure the voltage of the connector. Check out the circuit diagram: the related parts include pin2, pin10, pin12, pin14, pin20, pin26. Hence we only need to test these pins. It is not easy since all the power supply voltages of the rear camera are instantaneous values except for 1.8V camera power supply, so we need to test many times to find out the truth. After a series of testing, it turns out that the pin20 has no voltage.
Step 4: Analyze The Abnormal Voltage
Check out the circuit diagram: pin26 and pin20 have the same voltage 2.85V, so we connect their circuits to make pin20 function again. Check again, the pin26 is connected to C3909, while pin20 is connected to C3994. Here comes the solution, we could jump a copper line from C3909 to C3994 to fix the pin20.
Step 5: Jump Copper Line
Now let's jump copper line to connect C3909 to C3994, do it as follows:
 - Take down the motherboard and fix it on a PCB holder
 - Heat up C3909 to C3994 to remove the adhesive so that they can be connected
 - Apply solder flux and melt the solder wire on C3909 with a soldering iron, so that it can be coated with tin
 - Next, weld a copper wire on C3909
 - Then melt the solder wire on C3994 for tin coating and weld the other side of copper wire on it
It is not easy, better to have an advanced welding tool: hot air gun desoldering station.
Now the pin20 no voltage issue has been fixed, the rear camera not working issue should have been fixed. We install the phone and test again. Needless to say, the phone rear camera works perfectly.
You can find the detailed demonstration here:
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This article is more than 1 year old
Spammers embrace email authentication
Junk mail tsunami continues unabated
Spammers have adopted a new standard for email authentication much faster than legitimate emailers, according to a study from security appliance firm CipherTrust published this week
More spam than legitimate email is currently sent using Sender Policy Framework, a recently introduced email authentication protocol. According to CipherTrust's research, 34 per cent more spam is passing SPF checks than legitimate email because spammers are actively registering their SPF records.
It doesn't make a lot of sense to make filtering decisions based purely on the fact that the sender is authenticated, so the approach was never going to be a cure-all as we've noted before.
As long as spammers comply with the protocol by not spoofing the sender address, their messages will not be stopped by SPF, which CipherTrust has supported since February 2004. CipherTrust's research among users of its own IronMail message security appliance this summer found that a spam message is three times more likely to pass an SPF check than it is to fail it.
CipherTrust concludes that email authentication protocols like SPF alone are not effective in identifying spam even though they might be useful in curtailing spoofing and phishing attacks. So email authentication protocols aren't a complete waste of time - just ineffective when it comes to holding back the junk mail tsunami. It still advises users to adopt email authentication as part of their fraud and spam prevention arsenal.
Email authentication is in the news after vendors clubbed together to support Sender ID Framework, a protocol which resulted from the merger of SPF and Caller ID, an email authentication protocol proposed by Microsoft. CipherTrust said it would support this unified protocol when it becomes available. ®

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Hey everyone, welcome to my recipe site, if you're looking for Simple Salad with chicken and garlic toast recipe, look no further! We provide you only the perfect Simple Salad with chicken and garlic toast recipe here. We also have wide variety of recipes to try.
Before you jump to Simple Salad with chicken and garlic toast recipe, you may want to read this short interesting healthy tips about Stamina Enhancing Treats.
Ingesting healthy foods can make all the difference in the way you feel. Increasing our daily allowance of sensible foods while lowering the intake of unhealthy kinds plays a part in a more healthy feeling. A piece of pizza doesn't make you feel as healthy as consuming a fresh green salad. Selecting healthier food choices can be tough if it is snack time. Shopping for snack foods can be a struggle because you have countless options. There's nothing like one of these brilliant healthy foods if you want an energy-boosting treat.
Just about the most popular snacks is yogurt. Eating natural yogurt in place of a nutritious larger lunch isn't a good idea. As a treat, however, yogurt is one of the greatest things you can reach for. Along with calcium, it really is a good supply of necessary protein and vitamin B. Easily digestible, yogurt can actually help your gastrointestinal system work properly depending upon the culture used to make it. Easy hint: pick unsweetened yogurt and include walnuts or flaxseeds. It's an excellent approach to take pleasure in a flavorful snack without having too much sugar.
A large selection of quick health snacks is easily accessible. Being healthier doesnt have to be a battle-if you let it, it can be quite uncomplicated.
We hope you got benefit from reading it, now let's go back to simple salad with chicken and garlic toast recipe. You can have simple salad with chicken and garlic toast using 11 ingredients and 4 steps. Here is how you cook that.
The ingredients needed to make Simple Salad with chicken and garlic toast:
- Provide 1 of whole chicken split.
- Prepare 2 cup of mixed lettuce.
- Use 1/2 cup of green bell and yellow onion.
- Get 1 1/2 cup of cherry tomatoes.
- Use 1/2 of loaf French loaf.
- Provide 1/2 stick of butter.
- Use 1 of garlic salt.
- Prepare 1 of seasoning salt.
- Take 6 slice of provolone cheese.
- Get 1 of Italian, or ranch dressing.
- Provide 1 of oil for frying.
Steps to make Simple Salad with chicken and garlic toast:
- Clean and season chicken with seasoning salt, black pepper and garlic salt..
- Heat oil and flour chicken and, fry then make salad mix well and add dressing..
- Slice bread then, mix butter and garlic salt and spread on bread then, put in oven and bake till golden brown take out and, set aside.
If you find this Simple Salad with chicken and garlic toast recipe valuable please share it to your good friends or family, thank you and good luck.


Sciweavers
VW
2000
Springer
Text-to-Audiovisual Speech Synthesizer
13 years 9 months ago
Text-to-Audiovisual Speech Synthesizer
This paper describes a text-to-audiovisual speech synthesizer system incorporating the head and eye movements. The face is modeled using a set of images of a human subject. Visemes, that are a set of lip images of the phonemes, are extracted from a recorded video. A smooth transition between visemes is achieved by morphing along the correspondence between the visemes obtained by optical flows. This paper also describes methods for introducing nonverbal mechanisms in visual speech communication such as eye blinks and head nods. For eye movements, a simple mask based approach is used. View morphing is used to generate the head movement. A complete audiovisual sequence is constructed by concatenating the viseme transitions and synchronizing the visual stream with the audio stream. An effort has been made to integrate all these features into a single system, which takes text, head and eye movement parameters and produces the audiovisual stream.
Udit Kumar Goyal, Ashish Kapoor, Prem Kalra
Added 26 Aug 2010
Updated 26 Aug 2010
Type Conference
Year 2000
Where VW
Authors Udit Kumar Goyal, Ashish Kapoor, Prem Kalra
Comments (0)


text:
Selling sustainability to our clients
We asked our LCGD tutors and lecturers how they get the buy in for a sustainable design from clients? How can we make sustainable solutions desirable that they accept and that get the acceptance of the neighbours?
It starts with us as designers as well. How can we convince ourselves of ecological approaches? Here are some ideas –
1. A good design narrative and particularly planting design narrative will push us to create better sustainable landscapes, If we concentrate on the narrative and not the time it takes and the money it costs we are more likely to create rich, engaging plantings that fulfil everyone's needs and are not just a regurgitation of what went before. It allows us to have time and to think about deeper things like decomposition layers.
2. If we are able to assess our own work then we might be encouraged to develop our design skills towards a sustainable approach over time. It's a continuous learning environment and you can continuously take steps in the right direction.
3. Sell by using terms such as nature or ecology to clients.
4. Rebuilding – the most sustainable house is the one you don't pull down. In a garden the most sustainable garden is the one where you maintain and build upon the layers of planting you already have.
5. Talk to your clients about where materials are sourced from, understand more than just the financial cost and show them how you can make a difference.


When purchasing a home with an auxiliary dwelling unit i.e.: a basement apartment or in-law suite or area in the home or garage that contains kitchen and bathroom facilities that are intended to be exclusive to the unit, as the home buyer it is imperative that you obtain a Fire Retrofit Certificate to ensure that the area meets safety and fire codes if the area in question is to be used futuristically as rental income or is to be occupied by family members.
Strict laws have been put in place to ensure human safety and if the area is to be occupied as a self contained unit now or potentially in the future or offered in re-sale as having an auxiliary dwelling unit, certain criteria must be met.
To meet this criteria a Fire Retrofit should be carried out and this is preformed by the local Fire Department and in general cover the following areas of fire safety:
1. Containment: Contain fires within units and from other areas.
2. Means of Escape: Require two exits per floor though variations may apply.
3. Alarms: Smoke alarms, require a minimum of one per floor. Carbon monoxide alarms, require a minimum of one per unit.
4. Fire Suppression: Require one fire extinguisher per floor with sprinklers optional.
5. Electrical Safety Compliance: Two unit buildings shall be subject to inspection by the Electrical Safety Authority.
Your trained Royal LePage Sales Representative will assist you with the complicated process of ensuring all the requirements needed for the purchase of this type of property are met and that you are protected now and in the future.


text:
AI Takes the Mic: Wimbledon Introduces AI Commentary
The prestigious Wimbledon tennis tournament kicked off on Monday, but this year, there's a new champion stealing the spotlight: artificial intelligence.
AI is revolutionizing the broadcast coverage with its debut as a commentator.
The All England Lawn Tennis Club has unveiled an AI-powered commentary feature for Wimbledon, available on the tournament's app and website. In order to produce real-time commentary, IBM's AI platform called Watson analyses player positioning, shot types, and ball tracking data, takes center stage.
The All England Club and IBM iX experts collaborated to train the AI model with the language of tennis, producing an interesting and educational narration with a wide range of vocabulary and sentence patterns.
Viewers will be able to toggle the AI commentary on or off in the post-match highlights on Wimbledon.com and the Wimbledon app.
For those who prefer the natural sounds of the game, such as the racket hitting the ball and the cheers from the crowd, the option to turn off the AI commentary is available.
This isn't the first time AI has taken on a role in sports commentary. In April, The US Masters golf event incorporated AI commentary giving it a novel touch.
Additionally, Wimbledon has introduced a new AI draw analysis feature. Each player's route to the singles draw final is determined by a statistic that is calculated by this AI-powered tool.
By considering factors like potential opponents and player positions, fans gain valuable insights beyond traditional player rankings.
With AI at its side, Wimbledon is embracing innovation and providing tennis enthusiasts with an enhanced viewing experience filled with both technological advancements and exciting surprises in the tournament's draws.


text:
wireless bridges reliable?
Yes, wireless bridges can be highly reliable, especially when choosing reputable brands and considering factors like range and antenna strength.
How do I bridge wirelessly?
Bridging wirelessly involves connecting two separate networks or devices over a wireless connection. Most wireless bridges come with straightforward setup processes, often involving pairing and configuration through a web interface.
Which is better, wireless bridge, or repeater?
The choice between a wireless bridge and a repeater depends on your specific needs. Bridges are ideal for connecting two separate networks wirelessly, while repeaters extend the range of an existing network.


Treaty of Nymphaeum (1214)
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Treaty of Nymphaeum
The Latin Empire and the other Byzantine successor states. The Asian border reflects the provisions of the Treaty of Nymphaeum.
Signed December 1214
Location Nymphaeum
Signatories Empire of Nicaea
Latin Empire
The Treaty of Nymphaeum (Greek: Συνθήκη του Νυμφαίου) was a peace treaty signed in December of 1214 between the Nicaean Empire, successor state of the Byzantine Empire, and the Latin Empire, which was established in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade of 1204.
Following the Fourth Crusade, Baldwin IX of Flanders was elected emperor of the Latin Empire and was recognized to have not only a portion of Constantinople (the remainder was given to the Venetians), but also the north-west region of Asia Minor,[1] although recognition of sovereignty did not mean actual control of the territory. It was up to the emperor to exercise that control, by force of arms if necessary. Following the Fourth Crusade, Baldwin was occupied with events in Thrace and was later taken prisoner by the Bulgarians in the Battle of Adrianople in April 1205.[2] Asia Minor was ignored by the Latins for the time being, thus giving a breathing space for Theodore Lascaris, who had declared himself emperor and was based at Nicaea, to consolidate his power and focus his attention on the Sultanate of Rûm during this time.
Baldwin's brother, Henry, took over the Latin Empire and started operations against the Nicaean Empire at the end of 1206, but these were only minor engagements until Henry focused his attention in 1211.[3] On October 15 of that year, Henry won a major victory at the Rhyndacus River and pushed forward onto Pergamum and Nymphaeum, but guerrilla warfare on Theodore's part limited Henry's further advances.[3] Due to both sides being exhausted, the Treaty of Nymphaeum was signed between the two emperors, halting the Latin advance into Asia Minor. The Latin holdings were confined to the north-western part of Anatolia, comprising the coasts of Bithynia and most of Mysia.
Although both sides would continue to fight for years to come, there were some important consequences of this peace agreement. First, the peace treaty effectively recognized both parties, as neither one was strong enough to destroy the other. The second consequence of the treaty was that David Komnenos, who had been a vassal of Henry and who had been carrying out his own war against Nicaea with the support of the Latin Empire, now effectively lost that support. Theodore was thus able to annex all of David's lands west of Sinope in late 1214, gaining access to the Black Sea. The third consequence was that Theodore was now free to wage war against the Seljuqs without the distraction of the Latins for the time being. Nicaea was able to consolidate their eastern frontier for the remainder of the century. Hostilities broke out again in 1224, and a crushing Nicaean victory at the Second Battle of Poemanenum reduced Latin territories in Asia effectively only to the Nicomedian peninsula. This treaty allowed the Nicaeans to go on the offensive in Europe years later, culminating in the reconquest of Constantinople in 1261.[4]
 1. ^ Ostrogorsky 1969, p. 425.
 2. ^ Ostrogorsky 1969, p. 427.
 3. ^ a b Ostrogorsky 1969, pp. 429–430.
 4. ^ Ostrogorsky 1969, p. 431.


text:
To immerse in and scrutinise the submarine depths are activities that can be fully attained in the waters of La Paz. The Sea of Cortes offers a series of places suitable for the practice of these sport activities at this Mexican city.
The following places are recommendable for submersions:
- Espiritu Santo: it is a huge island of 83 square kilometres, and its serene beaches are occasionally visited by numerous seals, whilst seabirds such as seagulls, pelicans, frigates and cormorants nest on its rocky formations and in the cracks of their surfaces.
This beautiful island was discovered by Hernan Cortes in 1535, during one of his many journeys along the California Peninsula. In those times the place was inhabited by the Pericúes, a pre Hispanic people that remained in the zone until the first third of the XVIII century.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Taiwanese researchers have stumbled onto something truly magical. When gold nanoparticles were introduced into Bacopa caroliniana plants they caused the chlorophyll to produce reddish light. Bye-bye street lights? But wait, there's more:
While lit, the glowing trees consumed more carbon from the atmosphere than normal (i.e. the luminescence causes the cells to undergo photosynthesis).
PopSci calls this a "triple threat," in that the trees could cut energy costs, reduce global warming and keep streets safely lit at night. I'm more than inclined to agree. [RSC Publishing via Inhabitat via PopSci, Image: Flickr]


1. Given to speculation; contemplative. The mind of man being by nature speculative. (hooker)
2. Involving, or formed by, speculation; ideal; theoretical; not established by demonstration.
3. Of or pertaining to vision; also, prying; inquisitive; curious.
4. Of or pertaining to speculation in land, goods, shares, etc.; as, a speculative dealer or enterprise. The speculative merchant exercises no one regular, established, or well-known branch of business. (A. Smith) Speculatively, Speculativeness.
Origin: Cf. F. Speculatif, L. Speculativus.
Retrieved from "_URL_
First | Previous (Specular image) | Next (Speculum) | Last


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Howe is a surname from the Old Norse haugr meaning hill, knoll, or mound and may refer to: *Andrew Howe, Italian athlete. *Albion P. Howe, American Union Army general during the American Civil War. *Clarence Decatur Howe prominent Canadian politician. *Daniel Walker Howe (born 1937), American historian *Dylan Howe (born 1969), Jazz drummer *Eddie Howe, Former English footballer for, and current manager of, AFC Bournemouth. *Elias Howe (_PHONE_), inventor of the sewing machine *E. W. Howe, US novelist *Geoffrey Howe (born 1926), British politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer under Margaret Thatcher *George Howe (_PHONE_), British general in French and Indian War *Gordie Howe (born 1928), ice hockey player *Greg Howe, musician *Irving Howe (_PHONE_) American literary and social critic *Jackie Howe (1861–1920) Australian sheep shearer *James Wong Howe (_PHONE_) Chinese-born American cinematographer *Joseph Howe (_PHONE_), Nova Scotia politician *John Howe (_PHONE_), English Puritan theologian *John Howe (born 1957), Canadian illustrator *Julia Ward Howe (_PHONE_), US reformer *Les Howe (_PHONE_), baseball player *Linda Moulton Howe (born 1942), American investigative journalist and documentary producer-writer-director-editor *Louis McHenry Howe (_PHONE_), political advisor to President Franklin D. Roosevelt *Michael Howe (_PHONE_), Australian bushranger *Michael Howe (died 2002), British cognitive psychologist *Mike Howe, musician *Neil Howe, Generationalist *Paul Tony Howe (born 1968), British swimmer *Richard Howe (_PHONE_), British admiral in American revolution *Samuel Gridley Howe (_PHONE_), abolitionist & educator *Steve Howe (_PHONE_), baseball player *Steve Howe, musician *Timothy O. Howe (_PHONE_), American politician *Tina Howe (born 1937), American playwright *Virgil Howe, musician *William Howe (_PHONE_) British general in American revolution
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Year: 1991 Source: American Journal of Psychiatry, v.148, no.6, (June 1991), p.775-779 SIEC No: _PHONE_
Compared the proportion of blood relatives who had had psychiatric hospitalizations, had committed suicide, or had self-reported mental illness to the proportion of spouses with the same manifestations. The proportion of blood relatives significantly exceeded that of spouses. Since heterozygous carriers of the Wolfram syndrome gene are 50-fold more common among the blood relatives than spouses, this is evidence that heterozygous carriers are predisposed to significant psychiatric illness.


Residents of the mountain town of Monteleone di Spoleto held a noisy protest in front of the Italian Culture Ministry in Rome yesterday, calling for the return of an Etruscan chariot that's a centerpiece of the newly opened Greek and Roman galleries at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. The 2,600-year-old chariot was discovered in Monteleone in 1902 and sold to the Met the next year. Monteleone officials now say it was illegally whisked out of the country. Some 200 people -- about a third of the town's population -- blew whistles and waved placards demanding that the Italian state, which does not support their claim, join their cause. The Met says that because the chariot (detail, right) was bought more than a century ago, the statute of limitations has expired. Nando Durastanti, Monteleone's mayor, who led the delegation, said the Met had ''closed itself off'' to requests to negotiate the artifact's return. ''Mind you, they've been very busy with the opening of the galleries,'' he said by telephone. ''They probably have other things on their minds than our chariot.'' ELISABETTA POVOLEDO


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CD47 aka the "don't eat me" signal has recently been claimed to be expressed on all tumor cells. This doesn't seem to corroborate with other cell-biology experiments. On what other cells is CD47 expressed?
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
up vote 2 down vote accepted
I don't know how extensive. Let's run a simple data query and find out: Go to GEO at NCBI. In the "Gene profiles" window, type CD47, and hit enter to launch the query. At the top of the resulting page, use the link labeled "Limits" to restrict the 7000+ results to human by entering the term "human" in the "DataSet organism" window. So, there are 3700+ results. Look through them to get an idea of which cell types and under which conditions CD47 is expressed.
Let's try a second method. Go to the BioGPS portal. Enter CD47 in the appropriate window and run the query. From the results, select the row with ID # 961 as this represents the human gene CD47. The resulting gene expression/activity chart for Hs (human) will show you in more general terms where CD47 is expressed.
share|improve this answer
I can't give a comprehensive answer to this, but the CD proteins are found on white blood cells of various types. If you think about it its impossible that a surface protein could be only observed on cancer cells as cancer is a cell line which is a reproductive dead end. You can see on the geneatlas box on the lower right side of the page - its gene is expressed, at least to a small amount, on nearly every major tissue type.
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 ...
2. When connection.join() and then room.leave() are called too fast. it is possible to send join command to the server while it still handles previous leave command for this user
Symptoms: when connection.join() is called right after room.leave(), client may receive a message
Room already has user with such login
Solution: use at least 1 second interval between room.leave() and connection.join() subsequent calls


Tour Fenghuang Ancient Town
Located in the southwest of Hunan province, at the foot of a mountain and along the banks of Tuojiang River, Fenghuang is an ancient town with long history. The town is named after the mountain shaping like a flying phoenix behind the town. With quite a long history, the town is particularly well-preserved with many distinctive architectural remains of Ming and Qing styles. There are well-preserved ancient residential buildings with the history over 200 years, ancient lanes and alleys, as well as ancient town walls in the Fenghuang Ancient Town. Besides, the town harbors many unique ethnic languages, customs and folk arts.
What to See in Fenghuang Ancient Town
Tuojiang River
The Tuojiang River is the largest river within Fenghuang County. It is the mother river for the ancient town Fenghuang. It would make you feel like traveling in a scroll painting to get on the local boat, enjoying the folk songs sung by the helmsman, watch the unique stilted houses of Tujia Nationality all along the river bank.
The ancient town
The town is with long history. You can feel its history in every corner of the town. The city wall along the south bank of the Tuojiang River is built with mauve stones and sands, presenting an elegant and marvelous style. Tow ancient towers with distinct Qing Dynasty style sit at the east and north part of the city wall respectively.
Gate Towers
There are four ancient city gates in the town, protecting the town from ancient times.
Museums, Temples and Former Residences of Celebrities
You can find many mesuems, temples and formaer residences of celebrities in the ancient city. They are all free tickets.
Hongqiao Bridge
With a classic designing of three arches, the bridge is also called Wind and Rain Bridge.
 Fenghuang Old Town
Things to do in Fenghuang Ancient Town
Tasting ginger candy
The ginger candy is a well-known local snack in Fenghuang. The procedure of it is all man-made, with a history of more than 100 years.
Trying local dish
One of the most famous local dishes is the Xuepaya, a dish made by sticky rice, duck blood and duck meat.
Rafting on the Tuojiang River
There are many local style buildings (they call Diaojiaolou, a kind of stilted building of Miao, Buyi, Dong and Tujia minorities) along banks of the Tuojiang River. Some of these building are with the history of more than 100 years. You can take a closer look at the real life of local people and culture of the ancient town by rafting on the Tuojiang River.
Fenghuang Old Town
Weather of Fenghuang Ancient Town
Fenghuang has a subtropical monsoon humid climate featured distinct four seasons, sufficient rainfall and abundant sunshine. With an average temperature of 16 Celsius degrees, it is a place that suitable for travel in all seasons. In spring, the weather is quite fine with a temperature of about 20 Celsius degree. The plants turn to green and the beautiful Tuojiang River is often under the mist and fog in the early morning. In autumn, the temperature decrease to cool from the hot summer and at the same time, all tasty wild fruits are ripe and sold in the streets. In winter, if it snows, the whitening Fenghuang is of great charming.
 Fenghuang Ancient City Dragon Boat Race
How to Get Fenghuang
By air
There is no airport in Fenghuang now. However, you can take flights to the three airports near Fenghuang, and then take bus to Fenghuang Ancient Town. These airports are: Zhangjiajie Hehua International Airport, Changsha Huanghua International Airport and Tongren Fenghuang Airport.
By train
There is no train station in Fenghuang. You have to transit through the nearby cities of Jishou, Huaihua or Tongren in Guizhou. Jishou is the closest and it seems that most travelers arrived by train from Changsha, Zhangjiajie or Nanning.
By bus
Fenghuang is directly connected by bus to most cities of Hunan province including Changsha (mostly from Changsha West Bus Station), Changde, Wulingyuan (Wulingyuan Bus Station is in Wulingyuan District of Zhangjiajie), Zhangjiajie (Zhangjiajie Central Bus Station is in Yongding District), Huaihua and Jishou. Jishou is the main town near Fenghuang, just taking 45 minutes of driving to arrive at Fenghuang Ancient Town.
Fenghuang Old Town
Travel Tips
1. Coins can not be used in the ancient town so please bring paper money. All the shops, restaurants, inns and hotels accecpt Alipay and Wechatpay.
2. Don't accept the free services or gifts like the joss sticks and candles burning at a temple as you will finally pay a lot for it.
3. Take care for the butter-tonsiled drivers, service suppliers and never trust on cheap tickets or the so-called perfect extra itineraries.
4. Never open your umbrella while visiting the local peoples' houses and don't step on the door sills.
5. Take a coat, umbrella or raincoat when you visit Fenghuang as it often rains and there is still wind at night due to the location and climate in Fenghuang.
Fenghuang night view
Sample Fenghuang Tours
6-day Fascinating Zhangjiajie & Fenghuang Tour
9-day Shanghai Zhangjiajie Fenghuang Tour
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Miguel Bruns Alonso, a student from the Netherlands' Delft University of Technology, has conceived a prototype pen that can measure and reduce the level of the user's stress.
The anti-stress pen features motion sensors and built-in electromagnets that react to the person's nervous system and detect stress. The pen was able to reduce the rate of heart fall by an average of five percent in an experiment performed on various persons.
Miguel Bruns Alonso's anti-stress pen is truly an important accessory in the busy modern world.


A study relating to an authorised medicinal product conducted with the aim of identifying, characterising or quantifying a safety hazard, confirming the safety profile of the medicinal product or measuring the effectiveness of risk management measures (Decree-Law No. 128/2013 of September 5).
A post-authorisation safety study (PASS) can be performed by a marketing authorization holder (MAH) voluntarily or by imposition of the competent authority.
INFARMED, I.P. taking into account the European Commission's guidelines, may force the MAH to conduct a PASS study in the following cases:
1) If there are doubts to the authorized medicinal product risks;
2) If the knowledge about the disease or the clinical methodology indicate that previous efficacy evaluations might have to be revised significantly (D.L.128/ 2013 of September 5, article 26-A).


text:
DH Key exchange
2. R1 sends its public key over to R2. R2 did the same.
3. R1 uses R2's public key and its own private key and calculate a shared-secret key with DH algorithm. R2 did the same. The end result is both R1 and R2 produce identical secret key.


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anno mundiArticle Free Pass
anno mundi, ( Latin: "in the year of the world") abbreviation Am, the year dating from the year of creation in Jewish chronology, based on rabbinic calculations. Since the 9th century ad, various dates between 3762 and 3758 bc have been advanced by Jewish scholars as the time of creation, but the exact date of Oct. 7, 3761 bc, is now generally accepted in Judaism. However, critical dates that underlie the calculations are uncertain. Rabbis used the genealogy in Genesis to calculate the date of the creation and then added to their calculations the time that had elapsed since the time of Genesis. Despite the uncertainties, many Jews use this dating system as a sign of attachment to tradition.
What made you want to look up "anno mundi"? Please share what surprised you most...

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Home > Reviews & Submissions
Reviews & Submissions
Once an intervention has been accepted for review, the developer and NREPP staff work together to identify the outcomes and materials that will be used in the review. A review generally takes several months to complete, from the initial scheduling of the kick-off call to the completion of an NREPP intervention summary. The three stages of the review process are summarized below.
- When NREPP is ready to commence the review of an accepted intervention, NREPP staff contact the developer to schedule a kick-off call. This call should include the developer and any other individuals who are closely familiar with the intervention and can provide information related to research and dissemination. These individuals will serve as NREPP's contacts for the remainder of the review process.
- During the kick-off call, developers:
- Meet the NREPP staff who will be involved in the review
- Learn about the NREPP review process and rating criteria
- Work with the NREPP staff to identify additional materials needed for review
- Have an opportunity to ask questions/gain clarification on any part of the NREPP review process
- NREPP staff identify the reviewers who will participate in the review.
- NREPP staff send review packets to two pairs of reviewers. One pair of reviewers focuses on Quality of Research, while the other pair looks at Readiness for Dissemination.
- Each of the reviewers independently reviews the materials provided and calculates ratings using the predefined Quality of Research and Readiness for Dissemination review criteria.
- The reviewers submit their ratings to NREPP.
- If their ratings differ by a significant margin, NREPP staff may hold a consensus conference to discuss and resolve the differences.
- NREPP staff compile the ratings and descriptive information into an intervention summary that is shared with the developer.
- Once the developer approves the intervention summary, SAMHSA reviews the summary and publishes it on the NREPP Web site.


let V be non empty set ; :: thesis: for a, b being Object of (Ens V)
for f being Morphism of a,b st Hom (a,b) <> {} & f is epi & ex A being Element of V ex x1, x2 being set st
( x1 in A & x2 in A & x1 <> x2 ) holds
@ f is surjective
let a, b be Object of (Ens V); :: thesis: for f being Morphism of a,b st Hom (a,b) <> {} & f is epi & ex A being Element of V ex x1, x2 being set st
( x1 in A & x2 in A & x1 <> x2 ) holds
@ f is surjective
let f be Morphism of a,b; :: thesis: ( Hom (a,b) <> {} & f is epi & ex A being Element of V ex x1, x2 being set st
( x1 in A & x2 in A & x1 <> x2 ) implies @ f is surjective )
assume A1: Hom (a,b) <> {} ; :: thesis: ( not f is epi or for A being Element of V
for x1, x2 being set holds
( not x1 in A or not x2 in A or not x1 <> x2 ) or @ f is surjective )
assume A2: f is epi ; :: thesis: ( for A being Element of V
for x1, x2 being set holds
( not x1 in A or not x2 in A or not x1 <> x2 ) or @ f is surjective )
given B being Element of V, x1, x2 being set such that A3: x1 in B and
A4: x2 in B and
A5: x1 <> x2 ; :: thesis: @ f is surjective
A6: cod (@ f) c= rng ((@ f) '2)
proof
set A = cod (@ f);
reconsider g1 = (cod (@ f)) --> x1 as Function of (cod (@ f)),B by A3, FUNCOP_1:45;
let x be object ; :: according to TARSKI:def 3 :: thesis: ( not x in cod (@ f) or x in rng ((@ f) '2) )
assume that
A7: x in cod (@ f) and
A8: not x in rng ((@ f) '2) ; :: thesis: contradiction
set h = {x} --> x2;
set g2 = g1 +* ({x} --> x2);
A9: dom ({x} --> x2) = {x} by FUNCOP_1:13;
A10: rng ({x} --> x2) = {x2} by FUNCOP_1:8;
rng g1 = {x1} by A7, FUNCOP_1:8;
then rng (g1 +* ({x} --> x2)) c= {x1} \/ {x2} by A10, FUNCT_4:17;
then A11: rng (g1 +* ({x} --> x2)) c= {x1,x2} by ENUMSET1:1;
{x1,x2} c= B by A3, A4, ZFMISC_1:32;
then A12: rng (g1 +* ({x} --> x2)) c= B by A11;
dom g1 = cod (@ f) by FUNCOP_1:13;
then dom (g1 +* ({x} --> x2)) = (cod (@ f)) \/ {x} by A9, FUNCT_4:def 1
.= cod (@ f) by A7, ZFMISC_1:40 ;
then reconsider g2 = g1 +* ({x} --> x2) as Function of (cod (@ f)),B by A3, A12, FUNCT_2:def 1, RELSET_1:4;
A13: cod f = cod (@ f) by Def10;
A14: x in {x} by TARSKI:def 1;
then ({x} --> x2) . x = x2 by FUNCOP_1:7;
then A15: g2 . x = x2 by A14, A9, FUNCT_4:13;
A16: g1 . x = x1 by A7, FUNCOP_1:7;
reconsider m1 = [[(cod (@ f)),B],g1], m2 = [[(cod (@ f)),B],g2] as Element of Maps V by A3, Th5;
set f1 = @ m1;
set f2 = @ m2;
set h1 = ((@ (@ m1)) '2) * ((@ f) '2);
set h2 = ((@ (@ m2)) '2) * ((@ f) '2);
set f1f = (@ (@ m1)) * (@ f);
set f2f = (@ (@ m2)) * (@ f);
A17: dom m1 = cod (@ f) ;
then A18: ( ((@ (@ m1)) * (@ f)) '2 = ((@ (@ m1)) '2) * ((@ f) '2) & dom ((@ (@ m1)) * (@ f)) = dom (@ f) ) by Th12;
A19: dom m2 = cod (@ f) ;
then A20: ( ((@ (@ m2)) * (@ f)) '2 = ((@ (@ m2)) '2) * ((@ f) '2) & dom ((@ (@ m2)) * (@ f)) = dom (@ f) ) by Th12;
cod (@ (@ m2)) = B ;
then A21: cod (@ m2) = B by Def10;
dom (@ (@ m2)) = cod (@ f) ;
then A22: dom (@ m2) = cod (@ f) by Def9;
then A23: (@ m2) (*) f = (@ (@ m2)) * (@ f) by A13, Th27;
now :: thesis: ( dom (((@ (@ m1)) '2) * ((@ f) '2)) = dom (@ f) & dom (((@ (@ m2)) '2) * ((@ f) '2)) = dom (@ f) & ( for z being object st z in dom (@ f) holds
(((@ (@ m1)) '2) * ((@ f) '2)) . z = (((@ (@ m2)) '2) * ((@ f) '2)) . z ) )
thus A24: ( dom (((@ (@ m1)) '2) * ((@ f) '2)) = dom (@ f) & dom (((@ (@ m2)) '2) * ((@ f) '2)) = dom (@ f) ) by A18, A20, Lm3; :: thesis: for z being object st z in dom (@ f) holds
(((@ (@ m1)) '2) * ((@ f) '2)) . z = (((@ (@ m2)) '2) * ((@ f) '2)) . z
let z be object ; :: thesis: ( z in dom (@ f) implies (((@ (@ m1)) '2) * ((@ f) '2)) . z = (((@ (@ m2)) '2) * ((@ f) '2)) . z )
set y = ((@ f) '2) . z;
assume A25: z in dom (@ f) ; :: thesis: (((@ (@ m1)) '2) * ((@ f) '2)) . z = (((@ (@ m2)) '2) * ((@ f) '2)) . z
then z in dom ((@ f) '2) by Lm3;
then ((@ f) '2) . z in rng ((@ f) '2) by FUNCT_1:def 3;
then A26: not ((@ f) '2) . z in {x} by A8, TARSKI:def 1;
( (((@ (@ m1)) '2) * ((@ f) '2)) . z = g1 . (((@ f) '2) . z


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Figure out what all the latin means. Many muscles have either the attachments and/or functions in the name, which can help you figure out the rest of them.
If you've got a series of muscles in a row (like in the forearm, for example) figure out a way to remember what order they're in, so if you're asked to identify one of them, you can go through the order and see where it fits.
Think about the action to help figure out the attachment sites (if it's going to abduct, it's got to pull on the bone THIS way, so it's got to attach here) or vice versa.
Ask for easy ways to remember particular muscles ("So X muscle is the one with the really long, thin tendon, right?" "All the flexors are on this side of the arm, right?" and so on).
And yes, study a lot.
For me personally, it is easier for me to learn the muscles if I try to connect their action with where they're located in relation to other structures rather than making flashcards and memorizing the info for each muscle by itself. But if flashcards and memorization work for you, go for it. It just doesn't do me a darn bit of good.


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A Unique Dual-Mode Muffler
The techniques harmonizing the contradiction which consists of exhaust noise reduction and engine power increase, have been required for the exhaust muffler. This techniques rapidly improved by means of the clarification due to the acoustic theories and the flow analyses. Recently, according to the passenger car tendency toward high grade and high performance, demands for low noise and high power exhaust systems are increasing year by year. The "Dual Mode Muffler" system (abbreviated, below, DMM) mounted on Nissan Cedric, Grolia and Cima series, installed in 1987, is achieved the consistent of the quietness and the engine power performance. This system is the first control type exhaust system for the 4 wheel car. On previous paper, the analyses of acoustic characteristics on DMM were mainly shown. The analyses of exhaust pressure characteristics are also an important theory along with the acoustic in the development of the exhaust system.


Peace and purity: why sitting in the aircraft blue
Boarding can be quite a stressful event. Since you are very busy, you may not notice things like the color scheme of the cabin. This writes the Reader's Digest.
Спокойствие и чистота: почему сиденья в самолете синего цвета
Photo: Depositphotos
Next time, sitting in the plane, you will probably notice that all the seats blue. Of course, there are exceptions to this — for example, red Virgin Atlantic seat and a green seat on Aer Lingus, but in General the seats on the plane usually blue. So why is it so?
Blue easy to keep clean
Between flights typically don't have much time to clean the aircraft, so in the interests of the company to choose colors and fabrics that can withstand heavy traffic. According to Rishi Kapoor, the founder and CEO of Nanak Flight, a seat aircraft blue as stains on them less visible and clean them easier.
Blue — a calming color
Even if passengers do not experience obvious fear of flying, the whole process can cause anxiety even the most seasoned travelers. To counteract this, many airlines choose blue seat, because this color is soothing.
"Despite the fact that traveling by plane is statistically the safest way to travel, many passengers are still afraid to fly, says Kapoor. — This may seem a minor detail, but it helps to make the flight better."
Boeing said about the psychological factor used in the selection of colors during the design of the aircraft, noting that the color blue is associated with calmness. In addition, Boeing chooses the models for the walls of the cabin on the basis of those forms which occur in nature, because "these designs help to create a relaxing environment, such as outdoors," — said in a statement, the Virginia Tripp, the designer of Teague, studying the psychology of color.
It makes you feel better
In airplanes, usually two temperature mode: extremely cold (due to blasting air conditioning) or hot and stuffy. Airlines are struggling to keep cool in the plane and blue seats also play a role.
"Color can also influence the person's perception of humidity, temperature and flavor," explained Tripp. Not only that, the color blue makes people feel better, it also creates the impression of clean and fresh air.
Blue as part of the branding
Sarah Ratner, an expert from NerdWallet, says that in some cases the choice of blue for the seats the airline is just part of the company brand.
"Carriers typically use blue and red in their logos as a tribute to the United States, and the blue seats are a continuation of that," she explains. John Frigo, an expert on digital marketing, says that the color blue inspires confidence is a very important aspect of branding — so many dentists, banks and financial companies use blue color in your logo or color scheme.
Color Psychology, web site which explains the meaning of different colors, confirms this, noting that the blue color helps to instill a sense of trust, reliability and confidence. In addition, a study conducted in 2011 in the journal of the Academy of marketing Sciences showed that the blue color is also associated with competence — which is incredibly important for airlines, given that we give their lives in their hands every time we fly.
So next time when you go by plane, look at the seat — most likely, they will be blue, and ideally, they will do their job, and you will feel calm.


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The Monocacy Basin Stream Monitoring Project (MBSMP) is a water quality monitoring and watershed education program that emphasizes the study of the Monocacy watershed. The project provides public outreach opportunities that teach science and problem-solving skills, increase awareness of environmental problems and encourage communication among students and other citizens who live in different locations within the watershed.
The MBSMP works with teachers to incorporate water quality monitoring as part of their environmental curriculum, using the concepts of aquatic science while relying on skills in mathematics and computer science. This interdisciplinary approach provides practical integration of classroom subjects that often motivate students to solve real-world problems. Project participants also include adult volunteer monitors who collect crucial stream health data and work within their respective watersheds to protect stream habitat and health. The data is regularly updated on the official MBSMP Web site and shared with groups throughout the watershed.
Educational objectives of the MBSMP:
- Learn the field and laboratory skills needed to measure physical and chemical attributes of water quality.
- Use macroinvertebrates as bio-indicators of water quality.
- Analyze collected data and formulate possible explanations for specific results.
- Examine ecological and social factors that influence water quality.
- Develop skills in group problem solving and action taking.
- Utilize the appropriate technology to affect change.
- Provide local, state and federal water quality groups with monitoring data and collaborate to protect and improve water quality.
- Stream survey: participants identify the characteristics of the river at each testing site such as depth, width, plant life, slope and condition of the stream bank, composition of the streambed and possible pollution sources (areas of runoff, pipes, etc.).
- Chemical sampling: participants measure and report such parameters as pH, nitrates and total suspended solids.
- Aquatic macroinvertebrate sampling: participants identify and study the characteristics of aquatic macroinvertebrates (insects, snails, clams and worms) living in the watershed and learn about the physical forces that influence them. Hands-on opportunities exist to collect organisms and calculate the relationship between the composition of the aquatic community and water quality by using indicator organisms and diversity indexes.
- Computer Networking: students compile their data on a single World Wide Web page and communicate with each other on issues of water quality, pollution solutions, stewardship and social action.


Have you ever been confused about whether to use "I" or "me" when referring to yourself? Read below and be confused no more!
Are you the subject or the object?
Subject or object?
Use "I" if you are the subject of the sentence
Use "me" if you are the object of the sentence
To put it simply, are you the person doing the action (subject) or are you the person being acted upon (object)? Look at the verb of the sentence and see who is performing the verb.
I said "hello" to Hugo.
I am the person doing the action (i.e. performing the verb'said'), therefore
I am the subject of the sentence.
Hugo said "hello" to me.
The verb'said' is acting upon me, hence I am the object of the sentence.
Similarly, for third person pronouns:
Subject Object
she her
he him
it it
they them
Compound Subject and Object
The rule does not change when you have multiple subjects and objects - i.e. when there is more than one noun or pronoun.
Subject: Nick and I need to have a chat to Craig about his mustache.
Object: Craig chatted to Nick and me about his mustache.
Sometimes compound subjects and objects hide the incorrect usage as the sentence may sound correct due to it being the first of the multiple nouns or pronouns. See the examples below:
 1. Craig chatted to I. (incorrect)
 2. Craig chatted to Nick. (correct)
 3. Craig chatted to Nick and I. (incorrect)
You can easily recognize that sentence 1 is awkward. However, because sentence 2 is correct, it makes sentence 3 sound like it may be correct despite you being the object of the sentence.
Tip: take out other nouns or pronouns (i.e. only keep "I" or "me") to check whether you are using the correct nouns/pronouns.
e.g. "I went to the shops" (c.f. "me went to the shops") is correct, hence "Nick and I went to the shops" is correct.
As it is polite to refer to yourself last in a group (i.e. "Hugo, Craig and me" rather than "me, Hugo and Craig" - manners maketh man!), people often confuse the usage of "I" and "me" when it is being used as a compound object.
e.g. "Hugo and me had lunch at midday" sounds awkward as "Me had lunch at midday" is incorrect, and this error can be picked up more easily than above example of "Craig chatted to Nick and I".
Therefore, it is important that you bundle the nouns or pronouns together and see whether it is being used as a subject or the object of the sentence.
To whom it may concern
The rules apply just the same for "who" and "whom".
Subject or Object
Who -> Subject
Whom -> Object
A: It was Hugo who won the 400m race. (Hugo is the subject)
B: It was Hugo whom the 400m race nearly killed. (Hugo is the object)
In A, Hugo is the one that won the 400m race. Whereas in B, it is the 400m race that nearly killed Hugo - Hugo is now the object of the sentence.
Prepositions and "be" words
If it follows a preposition (see examples below!), then you use the object form. Whereas if it follows one of the "be" words, then you traditionally use the subject form (though it may sound a bit old fashioned - e.g. "It is I").
Note: Though "I" is the correct term after a "be" word, in modern usage, no one will bat an eyelid if you use "me" - e.g. "it was me"
to on in by
for through up down
over under in front of behind
past across from near
after before along around
"be" words
be am are is
are was were being
You will first have to go through me.
This letter was intended for her.
Do you know near whom Craig is sitting at Nick's wedding?
I really thought it was I.
Genevieve is lifting more than him in the gym.
A final word
The most important thing is to look at the verb of the sentence and who is performing that verb. Once you have that sorted, then you can use correct pronouns all the time!


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Constraint map for landfill site selection in Akure Metropolis, Southwestern Nigeria
An integration of remote sensing, soil type, geological, geoelectrical, hydrogeological and geotechnical data was carried out in a GIS environment with a view to developing a constraint map for the location of landfill (waste disposal) site(s) in Akure, Metropolis.. Geomorphological features identified from satellite images include residual hills, pediments, pediplain and etchplain . The slope (gradient) map displays surface gradients of 0 - 2.5o along river channels while areas with moderate and high relief have surface gradients of 2.5 - 6.35o and 6.35 - 29.53o respectively. Satellite-imagery-delineated lineaments predominantly trend NNW-SSE, ENE-WSW and NNE-SSW with subsidiary NW-SE and W-E trends that are typical of the Basement Complex region of Nigeria. The engineering geotechnical results show that charnockite-derived soils are very clayey and silty in nature (with % clay content > 18%) with low permeability, and are therefore more suitable for waste disposal (landfill) site than the sandy and gravely (with low % clay content < 7%) granite and migmatite gneiss-derived soils. VESderived topsoil and weathered layer are characterized by relatively low layer resistivity values (< 100 ohm-m) over basic charnockitic rocks. The synthesis of the above results enables the classification of the Akure metropolis into three landfill suitability zones – unsuitable (28.6%); moderately suitable (40.4%), and suitable (13%) for waste disposal (landfill) sitting.
Keywords: GIS, Remote Sensing, Geoelectric, Geotechnical, Constrain Map, Landfill Site.


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I am modeling a nonlinear material using bilinear.
It is a plastic material where stress is dropping after yield point and modulus given in the specification is secant modulus NOT tangent modulus (initial best straight line).
I wanted to know for the ANSYS bilinear input below:
Modulus: Should I use tangent modulus or secant modulus (usually use this for linear properties)
Yield Strength: Should I use the stress point at the end of best straight line or yield point (usually use it for linear properties)
Tangent modulus: Should the tangent modulus be calculated based on engineering stress/strain or true stress/strain?


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IHC History: Part 1
The history of IHC starts in the wheat fields of Virginia during the 1830s on the farm of Robert McCormick. Farming at that time was hard work using only the power and sweat of the farm workers aided by horses. One of the most backbreaking and important jobs was reaping the standing grain, a job done in the hottest part of the year. A mechanized reaper was the dream of many a farmer and many experiments were underway both in the US and Europe.
The farmer working as a reaper used a scythe with a cradle to cut the wheat and lay it in bundles. A binder followed the reaper and tied the bundles into shocks with twists of wheat. A good scythe-man could cut 2-3 acres per day.
Between 1810 and 1830 Robert McCormick experimented with mechanical harvesting of wheat and demonstrated a working version in 1831. Cyrus McCormick (b.1809) continued his father's experiments and eventually developed a working model of a practical reaper. The mechanical reaper had several important components.
Straight reciprocating knife to cut the standing wheat.
Fingers to guide the wheat stalk to the knife.
Reel to pull the wheat stalk against the knife.
Platform to catch the falling wheat.
Single main power wheel.
Cutting to one side of the draft.
Divider bar to separate cut and standing grain.
In 1931 a reproduction of the first reaper was built by the International Harvester Company to celebrate the century of the reaper. One is on display at the Ardenwood Farms Museum is occasionally loaned to other tractor shows. If you have a chance to see this remarkable machine, do so.
It took a while for the mechanical reaper to be accepted by farmers of the day and the first machines were not sold until 1840 and full production started in 1846. Meanwhile other inventors were working on the mechanical reaper and many public trials were held between competing designs. One inventor in particular was Obed Hussey whose machines faced off the McCormick machines in several field trials. Both machines had strengths and weaknesses and both introduced refinements to the design of reapers. For many years the origins of the reaper were in dispute and countless hours of court testimony has done little to clear the air.
In the late 1840s, Cyrus moved his reaper company to Chicago to be near the center of US farming then moving into the plains of Illinois and Iowa. Chicago also provided ready access to ship transportation to support a growing export business. With Cyrus running the business and his brother Leander directing manufacturing operations, the company continued to grow.
Eventually in 1879 the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company was formed to manufacture and sell agriculture machinery. Over the years many improvements were added to the reaper and other types of agricultural machinery were added to the company line as mechanical farming gained popularity. By the turn of the century man and horse power were aided by mechanical farm implements from plowing to harvesting. Grain harvesting became completely mechanized.
As the McCormick company grew so did its needs for capital and as mechanical farming grew, the marketplace became ever more competitive. One of the biggest competitors was Deering Harvester company. Deering manufactured much of the same equipment as McCormick and beat McCormick to many improvements. In 1902 under the direction of J.P. Morgan & Company the two companies merged with several others to form the International Harvester Company.
IHC History Part 2
To contact us:
PO BOX 1471
Folsom, CA 95630


text:
In Jogjakarta, Indonesia, students made a video about why young people should show respect to their peers, adults, and elders as part of Asia Society's Creative Voices of Islam project. They were assisted by two youth media organizations: Appalshop (US) and Kampung Halaman (Indonesia).
This video was made by students at Public High Schools 1, 3, and 8 in Jogjakarta, Indonesia to share with students in Asia Society's International Studies Schools Network in Charlotte, North Carolina and Mathis, Texas. After you watch the video, read what the students thought and post your own comments!
Responses to "Respect"
Creative Voices of Islam is a three-year initiative implemented by Asia Society with support from the Doris Duke Foundation for Islamic Art. The goal of this initiative is to foster an increased understanding of the diversity of experience and voices within the multicultural societies of contemporary United States and Asia. The initiative includes a series of exhibitions, cultural events, and public programs at Asia Society's headquarters in New York City, as well as a youth media exchange between high schools in the U.S. and Muslim countries in Asia.


A cube ( each side of the cube has length 15 mm. ) of germaniumpasses a current of 25 mA when 9 mV is applied between two of itsparallel faces. Assuming that the charge carriers are electronsthat have a mobility of 0.39 m2 V-1s-1, calculate the density of the carriers.
Expert Answer
Get this answer with Chegg Study


text:
Income tax: The deductibility for Queensland school employees of the cost of obtaining a suitability notice for working with children
Please note that the PDF version is the authorised version of this ruling.
FOI status:may be releasedFOI number: I _PHONE_
|What this Class Ruling is about
|Date of effect
|Detailed contents list
|The number, subject heading, and the What this Class Ruling is about (including Tax law(s), Class of persons and Qualifications sections), Date of effect, Arrangement and Ruling parts of this document are a 'public ruling' in terms of Part IVAAA of the Taxation Administration Act 1953. CR 2001/1 explains Class Rulings and Taxation Rulings TR 92/1 and TR 97/16 together explain when a Ruling is a public ruling and how it is binding on the Commissioner.
What this Class Ruling is about
1. This Ruling sets out the Commissioner's opinion on the way in which the 'tax law(s)' identified below apply to the defined class of persons, who take part in the arrangement to which this Ruling relates.
Class of persons
3. The class of persons to whom this Ruling applies are paid employees (other than registered teachers) of a Queensland school who are newly appointed to a permanent, temporary or casual position on or after 1 May 2001 and who are in 'regulated employment' and required to undergo a suitability check under the Commission for Children and Young People Act 2000 (the CCYP Act). It also applies to existing employees of a Queensland school who undergo the suitability check (also known as the 'working with children' check).
- work carried out inside a boarding facility at a school (but not work carried out by a registered teacher),
- work at a school if the usual functions of the employment include, or are likely to include, providing services that are directed mainly towards children, or conducting activities that mainly involve children, but does not include work carried out by a registered teacher;
- work which involves counselling or support services where the usual functions of the employment include providing counselling or support where the employee is physically present with the child while no-one else is present or the employee is not physically present with the child (e.g., providing advice over the telephone).
5. Examples of this class of school employees include people engaged as administrative officers, registrars, janitors, community education counsellors, teacher aides, scientific assistants, cleaners and school-employed trainees.
7. The class of persons defined in this Ruling may rely on its contents provided the arrangement described below at paragraphs 11 to 14 is carried out in accordance with the details of the arrangement provided in this Ruling.
- this Ruling has no binding effect on the Commissioner because the arrangement entered into is not the arrangement on which the Commissioner has ruled, and
- this Ruling may be withdrawn or modified.
9. A Class Ruling may only be reproduced in its entirety. Extracts may not be reproduced. Because each Class Ruling is subject to copyright, except for any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 no Class Ruling may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the Commonwealth. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be sent to:
Legislative Services, AusInfo
GPO Box 1920
CANBERRA ACT 2601.
Date of effect
11. The CCYP Act came into effect on 1 May 2001. Under the Act an employer who proposes to start employing, or continue employing, another person in regulated employment may apply for a suitability notice for the employee stating whether the employee is a suitable person for child-related employment.
13. Once the principal of a school in Queensland has selected the 'preferred applicant' for an advertised vacancy, the principal (as employer) and the 'preferred applicant' (as prospective employee) complete the appropriate sections of the Application by employer for suitability notice of a prospective paid employee form. The principal lodges the form with the Commission for Children and Young People with the required fee. The fee is to be paid by the preferred applicant.
14. The Act provides a discretion for employers to apply for a suitability notice for existing employees where the employer knows or reasonably suspects that a current employee has a criminal history that may make them unsuitable for child-related employment. This application is also accompanied by an application fee, the cost borne by the employee.
- where the employee is an existing employee of a school and is required to obtain a suitability notice in order to continue to derive assessable income in that position
- where a new employee of a school has recently derived assessable income from being continuously employed within the field of child-related employment.
16. Where a suitability notice is required to be renewed the cost of the renewal is deductible to the employee where the employee is currently employed in a permanent, temporary or casual position at a school and requires a suitability notice to be renewed to continue in that employment.
18. The basic tests for deductibility of work-related expenses are in section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997. This states that you can deduct any loss or outgoing to the extent that is incurred in gaining or producing your assessable income. However, you cannot deduct a loss or outgoing if it is of a capital or private or domestic nature.
19. A number of significant court decisions have determined that, for an expense to satisfy the tests in section 8-1, it must have the essential character of an outgoing incurred in gaining assessable income (Lunney v FC of T; Hayley v FC of T (1958) 100 CLR 478; ALR 225; 11 ATD 404) and there must be a nexus between the outgoing and the assessable income so that the outgoing is incidental and relevant to the gaining of assessable income (Ronpibon Tin NL v FC of T (1949) 78 CLR 47; 8 ATD 431).
20. Obtaining a suitability notice under the Act is a requirement for a person to commence child-related employment or, in some cases, to continue such employment in Queensland. For existing employees who are required to obtain the notice and who already have paid employment at a school, either in a temporary, casual or permanent position, the expense is necessary to secure the continuity of the existing income stream. The necessary nexus between the outgoing and the income is therefore established and the cost of obtaining the notice is deductible.
21. For new employees of a particular school who have held previous positions in the field of child-related employment with other employers, the necessary nexus is established if it can be considered that they have been continuously employed in the field of child-related employment and it is necessary for them to obtain the suitability notice to secure the continuity of this income stream. This is a question of fact to be determined for each employee. The existence of a position involving child-related employment with another employer and the period of time since assessable income was last derived from such a position will be taken into account to determine whether any breaks in employment sever the nexus between the outgoing and assessable income.
22. New employees who need to obtain the notice as a prerequisite to starting work in the field of child-related employment incur the expense at a point too soon to be regarded as obtaining assessable income (FC of T v Maddalena 71 ATC 4161; (1971) 2 ATR 541). In these cases, the expense is not deductible. This view is supported by Taxation Ruling TR 98/6 which, in relation to a similar issue, states:
'In nearly all States and Territories, employers require real estate employees to obtain a police clearance certificate when entering the industry. A deduction is not allowable for the cost of obtaining the police clearance certificates. Although the police clearance certificate may be necessary for employment into the industry, the expense if an outgoing that precedes the earnings of assessable income'.
24. A suitability notice is required to be renewed at least every 2 years. The cost of obtaining the renewal of the notice is deductible provided the employee can be said to be continuously employed in the child-related employment industry at the time of renewal. The expense is necessary to preserve the existing income stream.
Example 1: new employee previously employed in child-related employment field
25. Fred derives most of his income in the child-related employment field. For a number of years he has worked at a number of schools as a groundsperson, employed under a series of temporary contracts. His last contract ended in March 2001 and he is offered another contract at a different school in May 2001. In order for Fred to start this new contract the principal of the school is now required to apply for a suitability notice for Fred. Fred pays the application fee.
26. The cost of the notice is deductible to Fred. Although he is a 'new' employee at this particular school it is considered that he is continuously employed in the child-related employment field and the expense is necessary to secure the continuity of this income stream.
Example 2: new employee previously employed in child-related employment
27. Dominique was once employed as a cleaner in a school. However, for some time she has worked in a variety of jobs, none of which involved child-related employment. In June 2001 she is offered another position as a cleaner with a new school and the principal of the school applies for a suitability notice for her. Dominique pays the application fee.
28. Dominique is not entitled to a deduction. Although she has previously been employed in the field of child-related employment the time elapsed since her last position and the fact that she has since had several jobs in other fields of employment severs the nexus between the outgoing and assessable income. The notice is required to allow her to re


text:
It's a Great Time for Music Lessons!
Did you know that some of the musicians in the LPAI member organizations offer music lessons?
Now is a great time to start or build your or your child's musicianship through lessons. We've put together a directory for you, made up LPAI musicians who offer lessons.
Click here: Lessons, to visit our directory, and take the first steps towards lessons today!
The Longmont Performing Arts Initiative is a group of nonprofit organizations involved with the promotion and support of the performing arts. We believe in the need for a strong performing arts presence that provides entertainment and service to the community. By creating, collaborating, and communicating, we intend to bring a unified voice in support of all performing arts in the greater Longmont community.
Learn more about our members in the introductory articles about each group, published on our About page.


text:
Cross of Sacrifice
The Cross of Sacrifice instantly identifies a Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) war cemetery.
It is a tall, carefully proportioned, sand or limestone Latin cross usually standing on an octagonal base with a downward pointing bronze sword attached to its face. Together, the sword and cross embody the military and spiritual nature of the cemetery. The Cross was intended to represent the faith of the majority of the dead it overlooked.
A Cross of Sacrifice is a feature in all war cemeteries with 50 or more burials . Depending upon the size of the cemetery, it can range in height from 4.5 to 9 metres. It is always precisely positioned so as to enhance the overall design of the cemetery and provide a point of focus.
Sir Reginald Blomfield designed the Cross of Sacrifice. Blomfield was one of the first principal architects for CWGC, and fought in WW1.
|View of the Cross of Sacrifice and cemetery from Villers-Bretonneux Memorial, Villers-Bretonneux Military Cemetery, France
||The Cross of Sacrifice at Perth War Cemetery
||Catafalque party on duty at the Cross of Sacrifice at the unveiling of the Yokohama War Cemetery|


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There is another exercise where I am given a non-linear system of ODEs and a question that confuses me:
Consider $$x'=x(y+1)\\ \text{ and }\\ y'=xy+2.$$
"Determine stationary points of the system, and linearize the system at the stationary points, determine the geometric type of the linearizations and the stability."
The only stationary point is $(x=2,y=-1)$. For the stability, I wrote $$f(x)=x(y+1),\\ g(y)=xy+2,$$ then differentiated: $$f'(x)=y+1,\\ g'(y)=x.$$ At $(-1,2)$, these values are $0$ and $2$. For $f$, I wrote that we cannot use linear terms in the expansion and hence would have to consider $f''$ and so on. For $g$, since it's greater than zero, the point is not linearly stable in $y$-direction.
But what is meant by "determine the geometric type of the linearizations"? What are types of linearizations? What am I missing here?
all the best,
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For the stability you should evaluate the Jacobi matrix (see my comment here). The geometric type of linearization is determined by the eigenvalues of this matrix. You can start learning these matters, e.g., here.
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Polar Explorers Died of Starvation
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Andrew McAlister
(mcalista) - F
Polar Explorers Died of Starvation on 07/05/2012 23:13:11 MDT Print View
A Slow Trek Towards Starvation: Scott's Polar Tragedy Revisited
ScienceDaily (June 29, 2012) — On the centenary of Scott's ill-fated Terra Nova expedition to the South Pole, a study to be presented at the Society for Experimental Biology meeting on July 1 has shown that Scott's men starved to death because they were consuming far too few calories to fuel their daily exertion.
The researchers, environmental physiologist Dr Lewis Halsey of the University of Roehampton and polar explorer and physician Dr Mike Stroud, examined the voyage in light of today's knowledge of nutrition and how our bodies respond to extreme exercise, cold, and high altitude. They determined that their rations, which consisted of biscuits, pemmican, butter, sugar, chocolate, cereals and raisins, and were supplemented by pony meat at the start of the expedition, were inadequate.
Dr Lewis Halsey said, "There has been much speculation about what Scott died of. Almost certainly his death was due to chronic and extreme emaciation."
While consuming around 4,400 kcal/day, the men probably burnt nearly 7,000 kcal/day hauling their supplies on sledges across the ice and snow (based on data from Stroud's Antarctic crossing). For comparison, elite cyclists covering 4,900 km over 6 days use around 6,500 kcal/day. So Scott and his men were exhibiting daily activity levels considerably higher than most Olympic athletes in full training, but without consuming the enormous amount of food required to fuel such exertion.
In addition to the calorie deficit, the rations were too high in protein and low in fat to be optimal. Rations with more fat provide more energy for the same weight, which is a critical consideration when supplies must be carried. Although Scott made his rations more fat-rich than other polar rations had been, with 24% fat and 29% protein, today's adventurers eat up to 57% fat with 8% protein.
According to the study, other factors also worked against Scott's team. For instance, vitamins were not yet known about and there was some confusion at the time about which foods would prevent scurvy. While it is not clear whether the men developed scurvy, they probably did not consume enough vitamin C. On the other hand, the team did have a form of cocaine on hand, to help them keep going when they had run out of food.
a b
Scurvy on 07/05/2012 23:48:42 MDT Print View
"They determined that their rations... consisted of biscuits, pemmican, butter, sugar, chocolate, cereals and raisins, and.. pony meat"
Complex Carbohydrate(Biscuits), Fat and Protein(Pemmican), Fat(Butter), simple carbohydrate(sugar), fat and simple carbohydrate (Chocolate), complex carbohydrate(cereal) and some protein with simple carbohydrate(raisins), fat and protein (pony meat).
Yeah.. don't see any Vitamin C anywhere in that diet.. but plenty of go power.
Erik Danielsen
(er1kksen) - F
Locale: The Western Door
No? on 07/06/2012 09:30:03 MDT Print View
Pemmican does contain a useful amount of vitamin C in the raw muscle meat, and many pemmicans are made with the inclusion of berries. Between those and the raisins I don't see why they'd necessarily have to have suffered scurvy. A potential contributing factor, sure, but extreme calorie deficit and possibly the effects of a potent stimulant drug sound like just as significant factors.
Edited by er1kksen on 07/06/2012 09:33:18 MDT.
Gary Dunckel
(Zia-Grill-Guy) - MLife
Locale: Boulder
Other factors on 07/06/2012 09:45:53 MDT Print View
Remember that the weather was uncommonly cold for that time of the year (maybe 20* F colder than usual, down to ~-40* F), with horrific windy conditions. Also, the 2 teams that headed back down before Scott took their alloted stove fuel from the depots. But there wasn't enough fuel remaining for Scott, possibly due to evaporation inside the partially filled containers. The extremely cold and windy conditions, along with the necessity of eating cold meals, no doubt contributed to the inability of Scott's team to maintain a reasonable level of fitness.
Jeremy and Angela
(requiem) - F
Locale: Northern California
Re: Scurvy on 07/06/2012 13:21:26 MDT Print View
There was some incidence, but from a quick perusal it doesn't seem to have been a significant issue. Keep in mind that this was a century after Trafalgar, when the Royal Navy first started issuing lemons, so they may have had some citrus at basecamp. Fresh pony meat also would have helped to a small extent.
The Scott expedition seems to be a good example of how small changes can add up to create a crisis. For example, the doomed team was only 11 miles short of the next supply depot, which had been placed 30 miles North of its planned location. Lt. Evans, sent back with a bad case of scurvy, apparently was unable to relay Scott's order for more dogs to be sent south to meet the party. (So in a way scurvy did help create a significant issue.) The wiki article gives the impression that many aspects (ski/binding design, pony selection) may not have been given sufficient attention in contrast to Amundsen's group, but I'd prefer to read more direct sources on the subject before sharing that conclusion. I think that had things gone only slightly differently (not taking an extra man on the final push, placing supplies where originally planned, had the dogs been sent South, etc.), they likely would have made it out.
Madeline T
(madscot13) - F
vitamin C on 07/17/2012 20:44:15 MDT Print View
Paul McLaughlin
(paul) - MLife
Re: Polar Explorers Died of Starvation on 07/17/2012 22:48:24 MDT Print View
A fairly recent book on the expedition shows through research on weather conditions that the weather was significantly worse than average that year, slowing their progress sunstantially, so much so that in an average year they almost certainly would have made it back alive - despite what we now know to be inadequate rations
Mary D
(hikinggranny) - MLife
Polar Explorers Died of Starvation on 07/18/2012 01:11:37 MDT Print View
Dehydration and cooking both destroy Vitamin C, so it's not all that surprising that they got scurvy.
Laurie Ann March
(Laurie_Ann) - F
Locale: Ontario, Canada
Re: Polar Explorers Died of Starvation on 07/18/2012 07:22:33 MDT Print View
This is all very interesting. I think I'm going to have to buy a book or do some Google research and read more about the expedition.
Mary I did want to address the Vitamin C comment. While cooking and dehydration can destroy some Vitamin C, it doesn't destroy all of it if the time is limited. In 20 minutes of cooking you'll lose half the C and that's why in modern day we recommend the shorter cooking time for fruits and veggies and the reduced amount of water. Dehydration if done at 135°F or lower with modern dehydrators won't destroy all of the C but there will be a reduction. Same with Vitamin A. But back in the early 1900's we didn't know what we know today about everything from vitamin loss to glycemic index.
From what I gather from this discussion - and please correct me if I am mistaken... they were running out of fuel. With the extreme temps that would mean they wouldn't be able to thaw things like the pemmican to where it could be masticated or cook the frozen meat. Perhaps it was the fuel issue that was the biggest contributor?
Edited by Laurie_Ann on 07/18/2012 07:23:39 MDT.


text:
Bentley begins EV powertrain study; aims fully electric car by 2026
Bentley has launched a three-year research study in a bid to transform electric vehicle powertrains, utilising a fully integrated, free from rare-earth magnet e-axle that supports electric vehicle architectures. The carmaker says this reinforces its ambition to lead sustainable luxury mobility and introduce the first fully electric Bentley by 2026.
The study is titled OCTOPUS, which stands for Optimised Components, Test and simulatiOn, toolkits for Powertrains which integrate Ultra high-speed motor Solutions. The research follows an initial 18-month investigation that Bentley says delivered a technological breakthrough in electric drive systems for high-performance vehicles.
Also Read : Bentley Bentayga Speed, world's 'fastest SUV', teased ahead of global debut
The carmaker says that the resulting electric drive system exceeded the latest permanent magnet motor performance while simultaneously removing the need for both rare-earth magnets and copper windings, delivering a package both cost effective and recyclable at its end of life.
Also check these Cars
OCTOPUS will take this motor, power electronics and packaging transmission design, adding next generation materials, manufacturing processes, simulation and test cycles to deliver a full e-axle powertrain with unique levels of integration and revolutionary performance characteristics suitable for real world application by 2026. "We have a clear roadmap to offer a hybrid option for every model by 2023, starting with the Bentayga Hybrid, and our next goal moves towards a fully electric Bentley by 2026," says Stefan Fischer, Director of Powertrain Engineering at Bentley.


text:
Group Making a Lasting and Positive Impact on Community
Students from Fort Hill High School's Ecology Club and environmental science classes, in cooperation with students from Washington Middle School, recently participated in native tree plantings as part of Cumberland's Urban Tree Canopy Initiative. These plantings were part of an on-going partnership between the Cumberland Shade Tree Commission and Fort Hill High School.
On Wednesday, October 14, 2009, members of Fort Hill's Ecology Club partnered with students from Washington Middle School to plant 60 trees on the Washington Middle School campus. The following week on October 21, 2009, students from Mac Sloan's environmental science classes planted ten trees on the Fort Hill campus. The final tree planting was held on Tuesday, November 10, 2009, at Constitution Park, where members of the Ecology Club once again helped to plant fifteen trees.
All of these plantings were part of the Cumberland Shade Tree Commission's goal to plant city properties and cooperating landowners with native trees. The environmental benefits of planting native trees are numerous. These trees can increase the habitat for local wildlife, reduce storm water runoff, and reduce the "heat island" experienced by urban areas during the summer.
This project involved collaboration between the Allegany County Board of Education, Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Rocky Gap State Park, Chesapeake Bay Trust, George's Creek Watershed Association, and the City of Cumberland, and illustrated how a small group of environmentally conscious citizens can help make a lasting and positive impact on the community in which they reside.
The tree plantings would not have been possible without the tireless dedication of City of Cumberland employee, Paul Eriksson; Becky Wilson, Department of Natural Resources; Sarah Milbourne, Rocky Gap State Park; and Fort Hill Ecology Club members Ryan Warnick, Michael Crabtree, Crystal Phillips, Danny Beard, Tyler Cage, Jacob Davis, Breanna Creamer, Brady Barnhardt, and Corey Thomas.


text:
City Directories and History: On Chappell's Cabin Branch Plantation at Hopkins stands the oldest house in Lower Richland. It was built by Major Hicks Chappell (_PHONE_) at the time of his marriage to Elizabeth Threewits in 1781. Here he lived until his death in 1846. The plantation was originally given the name of the branch on which it was located and later it had the name of its owner added to distinguish it from other plantations on Cabin Branch that had the same name. The house is interesting from the standpoint of its structure as well as from the history of the early Chappell family. The simple two-story frame house built on the style of those of early Virginia, consisted of two shed rooms on the front, which were the library and dining room. The parlor was a spacious room behind the shed rooms. Bedrooms were on the second floor and an attic was above. The kitchen, typical of the period, was in the yard.
Major Hicks Chappell entered the army as a boy of eighteen as a private, fighting with Generals Sumter and Marion. At the close of the Revolution he was awarded the rank of major. John Joel Chappell (b. 1782), the oldest son of Major Hides Chappell, was a distinguished citizen of his time. He was an officer in the War of 1812, a lawyer, a statesman, serving from March 4, 1813, to March 3, 1817, as Congressman from the Second District. One child born to this couple died in infancy and several years later the mother also passed away. Both are buried in the First Baptist Church yard in Columbia. On January 3, 1833, his daughter Eugenia married Andrew Pickens Calhoun (_PHONE_), the son of John C. Calhoun (1782- 1850), the ceremony taking place in the parlor of Chappell's Cabin Branch. This interesting home, remodeled in recent years, has additional rooms and a wide porch across the front of the house.
(Information from: Names in South Carolina by C.H. Neuffer, Published by the S.C. Dept. of English, USC)
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text: INFINITUM is an immersive art – architectural installation presented at the Sharjah Art Museum on the occasion of the Islamic Arts Festival 2019/20, 22nd Edition. Arches are typical in Mosques' design. […] Islamic Arches buildings are typically constructed of stone, wood being rarer in the original Middle Eastern homelands of the Umayyads. The rows of Columns and Arches give a visual impression of limitless space, as a metaphor of the progress for human civilization, maximizing spiritual symbolism and visual appeal – progressing towards an ideal civilization. It refers to centuries of human civilization and the creation of prospective in social spaces and the openness to open possibilities of human life.


text: Platinum hot-film sensors, whose typical size is 500nm wide x 10μm long x 40nm thick, are developed for investigating micro and nanoscale thermal events. This paper reports four kinds of applications with measurement principle, sensitivity analysis, and test results. Thermal conductivity of individual nanowire, represented by carbon nanotube, has been measured by bridging the specimen between the sensor and a heat sink. Here a new device is newly developed, which enables us to measure quantitatively both intrinsic thermal conductivity of the specimen and thermal contact resistance between the specimen and a target material. Focused beam-induced deposition is also measured by comparing the thermal conductance of deposited sensor and pristine one. Flow sensor is another application and we investigate the performance of carbon nanotube (CNT) fins deposited on the sensor by using dielectrophoresis technique to enhance the flow signal. The applicability of this sensor for measuring the thermal conductivity of fluid of very limited volume (femto-liter order) is also analytically studied.


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Oracle's Cloud Resource Model API
In a move designed to help highlight the company's claim to a commitment to open standards, Oracle has announced the Oracle Cloud Resource Model Application Programming Interface (Oracle Cloud API) for managing cloud computing infrastructures.
The company claims that this news represents a delivery on its commitment to providing complete, open, and integrated cloud computing offerings. The Oracle Cloud Elemental Resource Model API is a subset of the Oracle Cloud API and has been presented to the Distributed Management Task Force (DMTF), the industry organization tasked with developing standards for systems management in enterprise IT deployments. If approved, the Oracle Cloud API may be further considered in DMTF's proposed Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Cloud API standard.
"Enterprises are continuing to look to cloud computing to extend the value of their IT investments and better service users," said Sushil Kumar, vice president, Oracle. "With the Oracle Cloud API, Oracle is further enabling customers and partners to build and manage cloud environments — based on an open, application-aware IaaS platform — to improve service levels and the overall end-user experience."
Oracle says that its Oracle Cloud API specification is available on the Oracle Technology Network and that this technology encompasses the common elements that make up a cloud by specifying machines, storage volumes and networks. The specification submitted to the DMTF describes how a machine can be provisioned from an image; how a volume can be attached to a machine; and how a machine can connect to a network.
"DMTF is committed to enabling interoperable management of IT systems worldwide by bringing the IT industry together to collaborate on the development, validation and promotion of systems management standards," said Mike Baskey, DMTF chairman. "As the use of cloud environments accelerates, the industry needs to consolidate on a set of accepted standards. Contributions like the Oracle Cloud Elemental Model subset of the API will help speed development and adoption of cloud-related standards."
By leveraging virtualization, clustering, and dynamic provisioning across all layers of the stack, the company claims that the Oracle Cloud API will help ensure that users can manage their cloud-based resources to achieve flexibility and a high utilization ratio across the IT stack.
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text:
The very first mp3 player to appear was Winplay3 in 1995. However the history of the mp3 player is best understood by analyzing the history of the technology itself.
Origin of Mp3 Technology
Mp3 stands for MPEG 1 Audio Layer 3. It was developed in 1991 by the Motion Pictures Experts Group to be part of the MPEG format. There were actually several groups involved in its creation.
However it is the German company Fraunhofer-Gesellshaft that releases the license for the music technology. Those credited with creating the mp3 technology are Bernd Kurten, Karl-Heinz Brandenburg, Bernhard Grill, Thomas Sporer, and Ernst Eberlein.
The technology was born out of the need to make high quality music but with high compression. The history of the mp3 player and mp3s evolved out of necessity.
Before mp3 came along, music files were stored in mostly WAV formats. This sound quality was high but the files were huge. A WAV consisting of a few seconds of sound would be several megabytes in size.
The project actually developed in Germany in 1987 with the initial aim to find new ways to compress musical data. It was in 1989 when the Fraunhofer group got the patent for the technology. Three years later, mp3 was assimilated into the MPEG technology. A year the standard was implemented.
A Brief History of the Mp3 Player
The Fraunhofer Company also tried making mp3 players but they were not successful. It was in 1997 when the AMP MP3 Playback Engine player came out. This was invented by Tomislav Uzelac who was working at the Advanced Multimedia Products Company. The player was not sold commercially.
However a few months later, students Dmitry Boldyrev and Justin Frankel transported the AMP technology into Windows. The result was a small, free mp3 player called Winamp. Its ease of use made it very popular. Soon Windows Media Player began supporting mp3 as well.
As mp3 became very popular, companies started making portable players. These devices would change the history of the mp3 player. One of the first was MPMan, released in 1998 by SaeHan Information Systems in South Korea. This was followed by the Rio PMP300. In 1999 Compaq created the PJB 100, which could store over 1,200 songs.
Around October 2001, Apple introduced its iPod. It had 5 GB of disk space. It was smaller than the other players and had an easy to use interface. The gadget would prove enormously popular among computer users.
It has become something of a standard. Subsequent releases of the iPod (and its rivals) would allow it to play other music files and video as well.
Around 2003 mp3 players and cell phones were combined for the first time. It was also around the time that artists started selling music as mp3 downloads. Eventually this would start a trend that continues to this day.
The history of the mp3 player is an exciting one and it continues to evolve. The technology is advancing, improving the quality of the sound even more.


text:
An agricultural producer is an individual, group, or organization involved in the production of agricultural goods, such as crops, livestock, dairy products, and other food items. Agricultural producers are responsible for planting, cultivating, harvesting, and raising animals to produce food, fiber, and other essential products for consumption or further processing. They play a vital role in ensuring food security and maintaining the agricultural industry.
Agricultural producers can range from small-scale, family-owned farms to large commercial farms and agribusinesses. They use various techniques and approaches, including traditional farming methods, organic agriculture, and modern, technologically advanced practices, to increase efficiency and productivity while addressing environmental and sustainability concerns.
Example of an Agricultural Producer
Here is an example of an agricultural producer:
Smith Family Farm is a small-scale, family-owned agricultural producer located in rural Iowa, United States. The Smiths have been farming for generations, and their farm comprises 200 acres of land. They grow corn, soybeans, and wheat, along with raising a small number of dairy cows and chickens for eggs.
The Smith Family Farm uses a mix of traditional and modern farming practices, such as crop rotation and integrated pest management, to ensure healthy crop yields and sustainable farming. They sell their products to local markets, restaurants, and community-supported agriculture (CSA) programs, contributing to the local economy and providing fresh, healthy food options to their community.


text:
CLAIM Krabbeplas / Bureau Venhuizen
Childeren help making compost in a cubic meter sized crate, learning the right way of stacking layers of earth, organic waste and garden waste. A top layer of soil is added.
By tying strings to the sides of the crate, compartments are made. A range of seeds are sown into these compartments and then watered. After only a couple of weeks various kinds of cabbage, lettuce and flowers are ready for the picking. The cubic meter culture crate shows that one cubic meter of good quality soil is enough to supply a person with vegetables.


text:
Why do alphas differ among industries?
Follow Math Help Forum on Facebook and Google+
Originally Posted by fancyface Why do alphas differ among industries? Because hypothesis testing is part of a decision process, and costs, and
benefits vary from case to case, so in the real world the error rates used
in hypothesis testing vary from problem to problem according to the cost
of wrong decisions
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