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Richard B. Goldschmidt
German-born American zoologist
Alternative Title: Richard Benedict Goldschmidt
Richard B. Goldschmidt
German-born American zoologist
Also known as
 - Richard Benedict Goldschmidt
born
April 12, 1878
Frankfurt am Main, Germany
died
April 24, 1958
Berkeley, California
Richard B. Goldschmidt, in full Richard Benedict Goldschmidt (born April 12, 1878, Frankfurt am Main, Germany—died April 24, 1958, Berkeley, California, U.S.) German-born American zoologist and geneticist, formulator of the theory that chromosome molecules are the more decisive factors in inheritance (rather than the qualities of the individual genes). His experimental work in genetics led to the recognition that genes control important factors in embryonic development and thus in evolution.
Goldschmidt interbred various geographical races of the gypsy moth Lymantria dispar. The moths that resulted from this cross showed that characters distinguishing local varieties were transmitted to the offspring and, therefore, could be explained in terms of Mendelian laws as being determined by genes. This was the first genetic explanation of geographic variety and of the role of genes in controlling the timing of events in embryonic development.
In crosses between certain strains of Lymantria, Goldschmidt discovered the occurrence of what he called intersexuality, in which some individuals experienced intermingling of male and female characteristics. From this, he developed his so-called time law of intersexuality, which stated that an intersex is an individual that begins development under the influence of one of the two sex factors but ends its development, after a turning point, under the influence of the opposite sex factor.
Later, Goldschmidt studied phenocopies of fruit flies. Phenocopy was a term he used to designate changes in the outward appearance of an organism caused by temperature shocks and other drastic changes in environmental factors. Goldschmidt was able to produce nonhereditary copies of almost all known mutations. This proved that genes were not the sole determiners of phenotypic character.
Goldschmidt suggested other genetic theories, including one stating that genes control enzymatic activity. Many of his theories were rejected by other scientists, but these theories were still instrumental in causing a major reevaluation of the concepts governing gene function. In addition, his views of chance variations that arose during embryonic development, which produced what he called "hopeful monsters," suggested that new evolutionary genetic combinations could arise prior to their actual utility in a given environment.
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Other mutationist theories were developed after de Vries's work, including German-born American geneticist Richard Goldschmidt's "hopeful monsters" theory and American paleontologists Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge's punctuated equilibrium theory. Those ideas not only remained faithful to the saltationist basis for new species formation but also championed de Vries's devotion...
Gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) larva, a nonnative species injurious to orchards and forests in North America.
lepidopteran that is a serious pest of both deciduous and evergreen trees.
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Richard B. Goldschmidt
German-born American zoologist
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Urban explorer Moses Gates recounts 10 years of urban adventuring in Hidden Cities: Travels to the Secret Corners of the World's Great Metropolises. The memoir follows Gates' journey into urban exploration, from his start in the subways of New York City to his expeditions in the catacombs of Paris and beyond. The book is available on Amazon.
Gates is a new breed of adventurer for the 21st century. He thrives on the thrill of seeing what others do not see, let alone even know exists. It all began quite innocuously. After moving to New York City and pursuing graduate studies in Urban Planning, he began unearthing hidden facets of the city—abandoned structures, disused subway stops, incredible rooftop views that belonged to cordoned-off buildings. At first it was about satiating a nagging curiosity; yet the more he experienced and saw, the more his thirst for adventure grew, eventually leading him abroad. In this memoir of his experiences, Gates details his travels through underground canals, sewers, subways, and crypts, in metropolises spanning four continents.
via John Law

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


mso-spacerun: yes;">  Quake's MD2 file format is an example of vertex animation – another problem with vertex animation is that it is difficult to apply multiple simultaneous animations to a mesh being animated in this fashion.  Since the animation data is a complete snapshot of the mesh each animation stomps all over the previous one that was applied; now, there are solutions to this that modify vertex animation so that you are using 'relative vertex animation' data and you can combine and blend somewhat (and save art content file space by discarding unchanging vertices on a given keyframe) but ultimately as your models scale up in complexity, vertices, and polygons this approach has diminishing returns.  Vertex animation is still a very important approach to the non real-time rendering world; however, in the real-time arena it is rarely seen except for extremely complicated situations and sometimes for facial animation or lip synching.

Skeletal animation is a hybrid of the previous two methods.  The mesh representing the object is not manipulated by interpolating between two complete sets of vertex data (as is the case in vertex animation) but instead by moving treating the vertices of the mesh as if they were the 'skin' of the mesh and moving the skin to fit over a skeleton.  The skeleton is like the hierarchical object animation from the old days except that the skeleton, just like the skeleton in your body, is a hierarchy of 'bones' (sometimes referred to as 'joints') and even though you animate the skeleton, you never actually bother to draw it.  This is because we only want to animate the skeleton because we're going to force the skin to go along with it.  Half-Life is an early example of a game that used skeletal animation.  Why don't we simply animate the skin this way?  For all the reasons why we just explained that vertex animation is no longer in favor in the real-time world.  By only storing the rotation and translation (potentially other factors as well) data for each bone for a keyframe of animation we save tons of space in our art content files, and we gain the ability to simply combine animations and blend between them.  We gain performance advantages over complicated relative vertex animation systems when the model's topology scales (more polygons, more vertices), and we gain the ability to add FK/IK capabilities into our system that would be virtually impossible with vertex animation (any system I can imagine to support this via vertex animation would ultimately require you emulating a skeletal system.)

So, now that I have explained the reasoning why I, and many others, use skeletal animation, let's start explaining how it works.

The good news is that skeletal animation is actually VERY simple.  The bad news is that it usually either partially explained or people use different terms for differing things.  I will do my best to explain it as simply and yet thoroughly as possible.  The other bad news is because the world is an imperfect place, obtaining an example of skeletal animation data you can use can be difficult because you're just now learning how it is supposed to work so it can be difficult to discern why art content produced by your artist doesn't seem to work (is it you?  Is it the artist?  Is it his/her exporter?  Et cetera.)

Luckily, I will provide you with an example COLLADA XML file (*.dae) that has a walk animation included.  We will use the COLLADA format because there are moderately usable exporters for all the major art pipeline tools (Maya/Max/XSi) and your art guy/gal will most likely have experience with one of those tools.

So, ultimately, when this series of posts is over, you'll be able to import a COLLADA XML file, pull out the mesh geometry, pull out the skeleton, and pull out the animation data, then play it back in your application.
Hanshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06122998924087203555noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3327384015096906984.post-45964250867491690262011-03-06T09:26:00.000-08:002011-03-06T09:26:41.269-08:00Windows 7 64-bit and Samsung Kies MiniI was shocked to find out that AT&T and Samsung had finally provided a Froyo (Android 2.2) update for the Captivate Galaxy S phone.  All I had to do was download Samsung's Kies Mini firmware updating application (the version available was actually an AT&T modified stripped down version) and setup my phone correctly, backup critical data and press 'Upgrade.'

Of course, it never works out that way in the real world but I must admit that even a jaded and cynical software engineer like myself was disgusted and disappointed when every single time I connected my Captivate to my computer with Kies running, the Kies application would identify the phone and then promptly crash.

I Googled, Googled some more, tried compatibility settings, running as Administrator, I even tried using a Windows XP virtual machine in case it was a 32-bit issue - sadly Virtual PC 2007 (what I use on Windows 7) doesn't pass USB to a VM.

In any case, I was getting more and more frustrated and was ready to quit when I ran across an obscure tiny little message on some news server somewhere where a guy mentions - "Oh, yeah, and if you have IE9 installed on your machine, take it off."

Well, I just happened to have an IE9 release candidate installed.  How that crashed Kies escapes me since you'd have to be a pretty crap software engineer to have not tested your Windows only application, which you are releasing to MILLIONS of people to use, against IE6, IE7, IE8, and IE9 - but hey, Samsung are weird that way.  They make some wonderful things and somehow drop the ball on the really trivially simple things.

Long story shorter, uninstalled IE9, ran Kies Mini, phone showed up, chose 'Upgrade', a few minutes later I'm running flash on my Android phone.Hanshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06122998924087203555noreply@blogger


Wait, what?
Armored Glove Comes Equipped With Stun Gun, Video Camera
The BodyGuard, designed by cameraman David Brown, is an armored glove equipped with a high voltage stun gun, laser pointer for aiming, video camera and flashlight. Brown developed the concept for the BodyGuard — which is designed to prevent violent situations rather than end them — one night in 2004 when he and a few of his friends were discussing a recent mountain lion that attacked some cyclists, leaving one dead and the other maimed.
When using a knife, gun, or other handheld weapon, Brown felt the item could be easily dropped, thus leaving the wielder unable to protect his or herself. So, he came up with the glove concept because he felt it would be more difficult to lose the weapon, but also because using one's own hand was much more instinctual than using a foreign object.
The glove weighs less than three pounds, is made of breathable material and has a hard, protective shell that extends up the arm. The stun is generated by four electrodes on the wrist-area of the glove, prepped by a pull pin, and is activated by a button on the palm, with similar buttons activating the laser pointer, flashlight and video camera.
Brown developed the prototype for the BodyGuard in 48 hours, by using a medical arm brace as a base, attaching a stun gun and a fire-alarm button from Home Depot. It took Brown seven years and thirty prototypes to finish his final demo model. Though the BodyGuard seems like a neat futuristic piece of weaponry, one wonders exactly how effective it'll be when facing criminals with ranged weapons.
(via Popular Science)
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Use this method to return the XML Ribbon customization code to Microsoft Office. Then add programming procedures that give the custom Office Fluent Ribbon its functionality.
Hiding Tabs on the Office Fluent Ribbon
In the following procedure, you create a custom tab containing a custom group and toggle button that will hide or display the built-in View tab on the Ribbon in Office Excel 2007.
Creating the Add-In Solution
There are nine steps to create the project.
To create the add-in solution adding custom buttons to the Office Fluent Ribbon
 1. Start Visual Studio 2005.
 2. On the File menu, point to New, and then click Project.
 3. In the New Project dialog box, in the Project Types pane, expand Other Project Types, click Extensibility, and then select Shared Add-in.
 4. In the Name box, type RibbonDemo and then click OK to create the project.
 5. On the first page of the Shared Add-in Wizard, click Next.
 6. On the Select a Programming Language page, select either Visual C# or Visual Basic, and then click Next.
 7. On the Select an Application Host page, clear all of the selections except Microsoft Excel, and then click Next.
 8. On the Enter a Name and Description page, optionally, type a name for the project and a description, and then click Next.
 9. On the Choose Add-in Options page, select I would like my Add-in to load when the host application loads, click Next, and then click Finish.
Visual Studio creates a solution that contains two projects: the add-in itself and a Setup project. The Setup project enables you to install the add-in on other users' computers, and it makes it easier for you, at design time, to install and uninstall the add-in.
Adding References to the Project
To interact with Excel 2007 and the Office Fluent Ribbon object model, add a reference to the Microsoft Office Core type library.
To add a reference to the project
 1. In Solution Explorer, expand the References folder.
 If you do not see the References folder, on the Project menu, click Show All Files.
 2. Delete the Microsoft.Office.Core reference.
 3. Right-click the References folder and then click Add Reference.
 4. Click the COM tab, select Microsoft Office 12.0 Object Library, and then click OK.
 NoteNote
 A reference to the Excel 2007 object library was automatically created when you initially created the project and specified the host application.
 5. At the top of the open code file, add the following statements to the project.
 Imports Microsoft.Office.Core
 Imports Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel

 using Microsoft.Office.Core;
 using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;

 6. Insert the following code to create a reference to the Ribbon:
 Public Sub OnLoad(ByVal ribbon As IRibbonUI)
 myRibbon = ribbon
 End Sub

 public void OnLoad(IRibbonUI ribbon){ myRibbon = ribbon; }

Creating the Office Fluent Ribbon Customization XML File
Create the file that adds the components and sets the property for those components.
To create the Office Fluent Ribbon customization XML file
 1. On the Project menu, click Add New Item.
 2. In the Add New Item dialog box, select XML File. Name the new file Ribbon.xml, and then click Add.
 3. In the new XML file, add the XML markup in the section titled "Adding Controls with XML".
Adding the XML File as an Embedded Resource
For best results, use the XML file as a resource within the project's resource file.
To add the XML file as an embedded resource
 1. In Solution Explorer, select Ribbon.xml.
 2. In the Properties window, select the Build Action property, and then select Embedded Resource in the list of options.
 3. On the Project menu, click RibbonDemo Properties.
 4. Click the Resources tab.
 5. From Solution Explorer, drag Ribbon.xml onto the Resources design surface.
 This action creates a file-based resource. From now on, the Ribbon.xml file is automatically stored as an application resource, and you can retrieve this content by using Visual Basic or Visual C# language features.
 6. Close the Resources window. When prompted, click Yes to save the resources.
Accessing the Host Application and Working with the Ribbon
You need to create an instance of Office Excel 2007 and add the Office Fluent Ribbon interface.
To access the host applications and work with the Office Fluent Ribbon
 1. In Solution Explorer, right-click Connect.cs or Connect.vb, and then click View Code.
 2. Find the existing declaration for the applicationObject variable, and modify it so that it refers to an Excel.Application object. That is, modify the declaration so that it looks like the following code.
 Private applicationObject As Excel.Application

 private Excel.Application applicationObject;

 3. Modify the existing first line of the OnConnection method to create an instance of the Excel.Application object.
 applicationObject = DirectCast(application, Excel.Application)

 applicationObject =(Excel.Application)application;

 4. In Visual Basic, modify the line of code near the top of the class that starts with Implements, adding support for implementing the IRibbonExtensibility namespace. Visual Basic inserts the GetCustomUI procedure automatically.
 Implements Extensibility.IDTExtensibility2, IRibbonExtensibility

 5. If coding in C#, at the end of the public class Connect : statement, add a comma and then type the following interface name.
 IRibbonExtensibility

 6. Continuing in C#, right-click the interface you just added, click Implement Interface, and then click Implement Interface Explicitly. This adds a stub for the only IRibbonExtensibility interface member: GetCustomUI.
 7. Modify the GetCustomUI method so that it looks like the following code.
 Public Function GetCustomUI(ByVal RibbonID As String) As String _
 Implements Microsoft.Office.Core.IRibbonExtensibility.GetCustomUI
 Return My.Resources.Ribbon
 End Function

 string IRibbonExtensibility.GetCustomUI(string RibbonID)
 {
 Return Properties.Resources.Ribbon;
 }

 8. Add the variable declarations and procedures in the section "Assigning Functionality to the Office Fluent Ribbon Components" according to the programming language.
Testing the Project
Now you are ready to run the project.
To test the project
 1. On the File menu, click Save All.
 2. Exit Excel 2007 if it is running.
 3. On the Build menu, click Build Solution.
 4. In Solution Explorer, right-click RibbonDemoSetup, and then click Build.
 5. Right-click RibbonDemoInSetup, and then click Install.
 The RibbonDemo Setup Wizard appears.
 6. Click Next on each of the pages, and then click Close on the last screen.
 7. Start Excel.
 The Hide Built-In Tab Demo tab appears. You also see the Group Demo group containing the toggle button. You also see that the toggle button is not depressed and that the View tab is visible.
 Figure 1. The initial state of the toggleButton and View tab
 Initial state of the toggle button
 8. Click the toggle button.
 Notice that the View tab is now hidden.
 Figure 2. Click the toggleButton to hide the View tab
 Click the toggle button to hide the view tab
 9. Exit Excel.
 10. In Visual Studio, in Solution Explorer, right-click RibbonDemoSetup, and then click Uninstall.
See It
Hiding Tabs on the Office Fluent Ribbon
Watch the Video
Length: 5:10 | Size: 3.10 MB | Type: WMV
Explore It
There are a number of resources on customizing the Office Fluent user interface.
Anzeigen:
© 2015 Microsoft


text:
Survey strategies to quantify and optimize detecting probability of a CO2 seep in a varying marine environment
Peer reviewed, Journal article
MetadataVis full innførsel
Designing a marine monitoring program that detects CO2 leaks from subsea geological storage projects is challenging. The high variability of the environment may camouflage the anticipated anisotropic signal from a leak and there are a number of leak scenarios. Marine operations are also costly constraining the availability of measurements. A method based on heterogeneous leak scenarios and anisotropic predictions of chemical footprint under varying current conditions is presented. Through a cost function optimal placement of sensors can be given both for fixed installations and series of measurements during surveys. Ten fixed installations with an optimal layout is better than twenty placed successively at the locations with highest leakage probability. Hence, optimal localizations of installations offers cost reduction without compromising precision of a monitoring program, e.g. quantifying and reduce probabilities of false alarm under control. An optimal cruise plan for surveys, minimizing transit time and operational costs, can be achieved.


text:
What does DUDE mean in Internet?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand DUDE in the field in general and in the Internet terminology in particular.
Digger Underground Distribution Exchange
Find a translation for DUDE in other languages:
Select another language:
What does DUDE mean?
- fellow, dude, buster(noun)
- an informal form of address for a man

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Short essay on transportation
Home / Archives: means of transport essay Search for: Categories 3 Rs; Academic resources; Accreditation; ADHD; Administration; Adolescence & Life Skills. Very Short Essay on Transport and Communication Transfer of commodities or people from one place to another place is known as transport the things through. Professional Academic Help Starting at $799 per pageOrder is too expensive? Split your payment apart - Short essay on water transportation.
Read this essay on Air Transportation Come browse our large digital warehouse of free sample essays Get the knowledge you need in order to pass your classes and more. Free sample essay on Public Transport System in India India has a wide network of public transport system It is well-developed, connecting different parts of the. Transport or transportation is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another Short-haul transport is dominated by the automobile and.
Short essay on transportation
Transport of transportation is the movement of goods and people from one location to another Transportation plays a major role in the economy, which. Public Transportation there are many kinds of commuters on public transportation: there are bus commuters, train commuters, and plain commuters The first. Air transportation refers to the conveyance of people, mail and other material from one geographical area to another by using but not limited to aircraft.
Land transport or land transportation, also referred to as ground transport or ground transportation, is the transport or movement of people, animals, and. Professional Academic Help Starting at $799 per pageOrder is too expensive? Split your payment apart - Short essay on water transportation. Transportation essay Word Count: 1207; Approx Pages: 5; Short Story; Sociology; Transportation engineering has numerous types of these organizations. Subject: If i were a millionaire/My biggest dream Usage: Children's Essay/short Speech–3 Minutes Mode: Easy,Medium By: Sharath Prasad, International School. Essay on Public Transport in India cycle rickshaws and taxis for transportation Mumbai Short Essay on Poverty and Crime.
Free Sample IELTS Essay 5 - people must first be convinced of the benefits of public transportation Good Luck IELTS HOME 1 IELTS BASICS. Transportation is movement of people and based transportation systems that allowed only short G-L Free Essays M-Q Free Essays R-Z Essay Topics. Short Essay from AS _PHONE_ at Johns Hopkins Critique on Transportation Grant Problems with Grant Distribution in Programs under. I like traveling and transportation especially Port Canaveral Transportation and service MEANS OF TRANSPORT ESSAY (1) PREPOSITIONS. Transportation Essay and Research Paper Writing Help Transportation plays a vital role in today's world and has a deep impact on almost all spheres of human.
2 09 05'20 A short history of transportation john louis An Animated History of Transportation - Duration: 2:34 The Atlantic 67,079. " These are places short essay on means of transport for kids within a short essay on means of transport for kids complex system (a corporation, an economy, a.
Essay on Transportation Writing Help In our ever-shrinking world transportation plays a vital role for almost every branch of human activity ranging from business. I agree with the way to solve this problem by encourage people to use public transportation instead Task 2: Public Transport and Cars pretty short on.


Astronaut and Moon Squishy Ball
Stretch, squeeze and play with your Astronaut and Moon Squishy Ball
Place the Astronauts in the holes in your moon ball to resemble walking on the moon.
The moon ball stretches, squeezes and the Astronauts are also stretchy.
1 Stretchy moon ball and 2 astronaut figurine included
6cm Moon & 4.5cm Astronauts
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Engage the senses with squeezable, stress relieving, tension and pressure relief tools.


text:
Since the beginning of the 1990s, agricultural researcher numbers have gradually fallen in Mali, but agricultural spending has remained stable, mainly as a result of the continuously adequate levels of donor funding.
During 1991–2001, IER was strongly dependent on two donor projects: PNRA—funded by World Bank loans, counterpart funding from the Government of Mali and IER itself, as well as various foreign donors—and PAPIER—funded by the Dutch government. These projects have brought important institutional changes to IER and have considerably improved the quality of its research programs. PNRA was immediately followed by another World Bank project: PASAOP. This project is currently in its first phase (of three), and despite its unsound start, the project's principal objectives are expected to be reached, and the second and third phases of the project are likely to be implemented, securing stable funding for IER and LCV in the years to come.
During 1991–2001, Malian agricultural research was characterized by a significant improvement of the education levels of researchers and efficient operation in regional and international partnerships. Mali outperformed its neighbors in many key indicator areas. The country also distinguishes itself from many African countries in having an extremely centralized agricultural research system. One single agency (IER) is responsible for 85 percent of the country's total agricultural
researchers and expenditures.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
These two metrics are not the same. The first metric is
$$ds^2 = dr^2 + r^2 d\Omega^2$$
while the second metric is
$$ds^2 = r_0^2 d\Omega^2$$
where $r_0$ is a constant, the radius of the sphere. These are different quantities; the spaces involved don't even have the same number of dimensions. The Riemann curvature of the former metric is zero, while the curvature of the latter is not.
You're correct to conclude that the first metric should have zero curvature, since it's related to Cartesian coordinates by a coordinate change and the curvature is a tensor. But this doesn't say anything about the second metric.
You might think the second case should be the same, because the sphere can be embedded into flat space. The geometrical difference is that vectors on the sphere must lie tangent to the sphere. That means that parallel transport on the sphere is not the same as parallel transport in the embedding space, since in the former case, we have to project the vector back down to the sphere after every step.


text:
What Do Starlings Eat?
The primary food of starlings is insects and other invertebrates, such as flies, beetles, grasshoppers, spiders, earthworms, caterpillars, snails, millipedes and insect larvae. They also eat fruits, berries, seeds, grains and other plant matter. Additionally, when dumpsters and trash bins are left open, they feed on garbage.
In the late 19th century, European starlings were let loose into Central Park in New York by Shakespeare enthusiasts intent on introducing all of the animals mentioned in his works. They quickly multiplied and spread across North and Central America. As of 2014, there are about 150 million starlings in the United States. They are social birds and are commonly seen foraging in flocks on lawns, pastures, farms, golf courses and other open areas. They nest in any open cavity they can find, including buildings, utility poles and trees.
Many people consider starlings to be an invasive species because they compete with native birds for habitat, scatter garbage while foraging and leave deposits of droppings beneath nesting areas. In some cities and towns, large roosts of starlings also create considerable noise. The American Humane Society recommends that, rather than kill intrusive starlings, homeowners should close off cavities that could provide possible nesting sites and keep rubbish containers tightly sealed.


Criteria for Selection - Outstanding Student Award
Depth, scope, and quality of contributions in each of the following:
 1. Demonstrated commitment to leadership in physical therapy.
 2. Demonstrated talents in writing, research, and community activities that promote sports physical therapy.
 3. Academic excellence as evidenced by grade point average as reported by the student.
 4. Section volunteerism and participation.


text:
Comprehensive risk assessment of groundwater drawdown induced subsidence
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2019
We present a method for risk assessment of groundwater drawdown induced land subsidence when planning for sub-surface infrastructure. Since groundwater drawdown and related subsidence can occur at large distances from the points of inflow, the large spatial extent often implies heterogeneous geological conditions that cannot be described in complete detail. This calls for estimation of uncertainties in all components of the cause-effect chain with probabilistic methods. In this study, we couple four probabilistic methods into a comprehensive model for economic risk quantification: a geostatistical soil-stratification model, an inverse calibrated groundwater model, an elasto-plastic subsidence model, and a model describing the resulting damages and costs on individual buildings and constructions. Groundwater head measurements, hydraulic tests, statistical analyses of stratification and soil properties and an inventory of buildings are inputs to the models. In the coupled method, different design alternatives for risk reduction measures are evaluated. Integration of probabilities and damage costs result in an economic risk estimate for each alternative. Compared with the risk for a reference alternative, the best prior alternative is identified as the alternative with the highest expected net benefit. The results include spatial probabilistic risk estimates for each alternative where areas with significant risk are distinguished from low-risk areas. The efficiency and usefulness of this modelling approach as a tool for communication to stakeholders, decision support for prioritization of risk reducing measures, and identification of the need for further investigations and monitoring are demonstrated with a case study of a planned railway tunnel in Varberg, Sweden.


Major United Nations Enforcement Bodies
last updated 28 May 2013
There are several UN bodies that are concerned with the enforcement of women's human rights, through both complaint and reporting mechanisms. Additionally, other enforcement bodies monitor human rights broadly, but will address women's rights when applicable. The major UN enforcement bodies and the mechanisms available under each one are summarized below. More information is available by clicking on the specific body or mechanism.
Procedurally, many of the committees will not consider complaints if they have been submitted under another mechanism. The term "multiple applications" refers to complaints based on the same facts that have been submitted to several mechanisms at close to the same time. NGOs and advocates should consider all available options for redress, both domestic and international, before submitting a complaint.
Unlike the complaint mechanisms, NGOs are not limited in the number of UN bodies to which they can submit reports. In fact, NGOs should submit relevant information to any and all Special Rapporteurs, working groups, or committees that are reviewing a specific country or rights violation.
United Nations Body
Individual Complaint
NGO Reporting Mechanisms
Complaint Procedure (for patterns of gross and reliably attested violations)
Optional Protocol on Communications (had not entered into force as of June 2013)
Article 77 (had not entered into force as of June 2013)


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Flagship Pioneering Combines Creativity, Expertise, & More
Researchers believe that there is some relationship between R&D funding, the production of scientific knowledge, and the effects of this knowledge on socioeconomic outcomes.
High-throughput and impactful discoveries require a group of excellent scientific minds and the support of funding. Over the years, it has been observed that funding for scientific discoveries has shaped the kind of ideas or hypotheses proposed by scientists. Funders and investors of science look for projects that are relevant and life-changing for society.
Among the many players in venture capital firms, one of the most popular is Flagship Pioneering.
Flagship Pioneering is an American life science venture capital company located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and founded in 2000 by Noubar Afeyan, Ph.D. He is also the current chief executive officer (CEO) of the company.
Other key players and executives of the venture include Lovisa Afezelius (origination partner), Christopher Austin (CEO-partner), Robert Berendes (Executive partner), Stephen Berenson (Managing partner), David Berry (General partner), and Ara Darzi (Chairman, Preemptive Medicine And Health Security Initiative).
The Flagship lab and team work towards conceiving, resourcing, and building life science companies that invent breakthrough technologies to transform healthcare and sustainability. This article brings you all the information about Flagship Pioneering, its funded companies, and how it works to bring revolutionary solutions to life science and biotech entrepreneurs.
Flagship Pioneering Companies
Flagship Ventures works on eight major principles to create, resource, and build the next generation of life science companies to bring innovative scientific technologies and solve life-threatening health problems.
Flagship Pioneering was actually one of the investors behind the COVID-19 vaccine manufacturer, Moderna. It also recently raised a $3.4 billion capital pool. In an interview with Forbes, it's said that Flagship is likely to create some 20 to 25 new companies during the lifecycle of this capital pool.
Flagship's eight principles include:
- Pioneer through harnessing science and entrepreneurialism to envision alternative futures by developing evolutionary methodology.
- Believe in achieving pioneering by communicating and replicating an idea through a team.
- Attract, develop, and retain top scientific, entrepreneurial, and managerial talents in the world.
- Form top-class companies by combining innovative capacity, entrepreneurial leadership, and professional capital management in a single enterprise.
- Take responsibility for their long-term success by providing them with the full resources of their ecosystem.
- Conceive solutions far beyond what is current in the present market and continuously innovating what people seek.
- Found businesses that own patented platforms, enabling years of products across multiple areas.
- Create world-class innovative and valuable life science companies to deliver exceptional returns to their capital partners.
These eight principles led to the foundation of startups and other new companies that are extraordinary in their efforts to bring innovative solutions for healthcare challenges. The list of such companies are given below:
- Axcella Health
- CiBO Technologies
- Codiak Biosciences
- Cygnal Therapeutics
- Denali Therapeutics
- EcoSense Lighting
- Evelo Biosciences
- Foghorn Therapeutics
- Generate Biomedicines
- Inari Agriculture
- Incredible Foods
- Indigo Agriculture
- Invaio Sciences
- Inzen Therapeutics
- Kaleido Biosciences
- KSQ Therapeutics
- Midori Health
- Omega Therapeutics
- Repertoire Immune Medicines
- Ring Therapeutics
- Rubius Therapeutics
- Sana Biotechnology
- Senda Biosciences
- Seres Therapeutics
- Seventh Sense Biosystems
- Sigilon Therapeutics
- Syros Pharmaceuticals
- Tessera Therapeutics
How Does Flagship Pioneering Work?
In Flagship Pioneering's words:
"Pioneering is being the first to create valuable ideas by directing scientific innovation and entrepreneurship at unknown spaces, far beyond the adjacencies that incumbents pursue."
The company believes pioneering is a process that can be taught, learned, and replicated. They work as a team to create a hypothesis and direct it to a transformational outcome. The whole process involves four phases:
- In this phase, Flagship labs explore the possibility of "what ifs?". The entrepreneurial scientists let the hypothesis evolve until a possible breakthrough hypothesis is created through variation and selection.
- This is done by collaborating with external experts who also determine the strength and weaknesses of these concepts. The company calls the process "explorations". Typically, 80-100 of the imaginative inquiries are explored per year.
- The promising hypothesis or explorations from the previous phase proceed to this stage. These explorations become prototype companies or "ProtoCos" and are assigned a number (FL1, FL2, FL3,…FLn) according to their places in the series of Flagship Lab ventures.
- In this phase, the ProtoCos from the previous stage are tested and discontinued if they can't validate their science in labs. Flagship Pioneering has called the process of conception, iteration, and launch of a new company around a distinct breakthrough, "origination". The company creates 8-10 ProtoCos every year.
- In this phase, a ProtoCo becomes NewCo if it converts the question of "What ifs…" to "It turns out…". The NewCo is given a name and significant capital commitment from Flagship to develop proprietary platforms for breakthroughs and innovations.
- The NewCo then recruits a board of directors, CEO, and leadership team. Flagship Pioneering forms 6-8 NewCos on a yearly basis.
- Once the NewCo is developed, it becomes a growth company called a "GrowthCo". Then, its leaders attract outside investors, forges partnerships, and builds a business that creates extraordinary future value.
- These companies often operate as public companies. Since 2013, twenty of Flagship Pioneering's GrowthCo have completed initial public offerings (IPO).
Image: An illustration of four consecutive phases of Flagship's process for Pioneering.
Source: Flagship Pioneering
If your lab needs high-quality lab equipment but doesn't have the budget to purchase outright, consider leasing through Excedr. We can help you get the lab equipment you need at an affordable rate.
Excedr Helps Labs Procure the Cutting-Edge Equipment They Need
Flagship Pioneering is a venture capital company and a team of pioneering scientists and professionals investing in life sciences and biotech companies. It uses its custom-designed pioneering processes—explorations, ProtoCo, NewCo, and GrowthCo—to build companies that transform human health and sustainability.
Making breakthroughs not only requires a team of talented and knowledge-building people on scientific ground, but it also requires a continuous flow of funds.
To earn funding from different agencies and institutes is meticulous work. It affects labs' studies and can even delay research.
If you are backed by a venture capital company or are currently looking to secure funding from one, an excellent way to extend your cash runway or make your company more of an attractive investment to a prospective investor is to lease your lab equipment through Excedr.
We are a founderand investor-friendly resource that pairs well with venture-backed life science companies or those seeking outside investment in order to operate and grow.
We can help you procure all your required laboratory and analytical equipment through leasing, saving you money for other critical areas of business while keeping depreciating assets off of your balance sheet.
Talk to one of our representatives today to learn more about our custom leasing solutions!


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In the realm of fitness and wellness, creating an environment that motivates and energizes individuals is paramount to achieving optimal results. One often-overlooked aspect of this equation is the role that lighting plays in the gymnasium setting. Traditional fluorescent or incandescent lighting may not provide the ideal conditions for workouts, both aesthetically and functionally. Enter LED lighting – a revolutionary solution that not only brightens up gym spaces but also enhances the overall fitness experience.
The Power of Illumination:
LED lighting has rapidly become the preferred choice for gymnasiums, replacing conventional lighting systems for several compelling reasons. The primary advantage lies in the quality of illumination provided by LEDs. These lights emit a bright, clear light that closely mimics natural sunlight. This not only contributes to a more visually appealing gym atmosphere but also has significant implications for the effectiveness of workouts.
Better Visibility, Safer Workouts:
One of the key benefits of LED lighting in gymnasiums is improved visibility. Adequate lighting is crucial for ensuring the safety of gym-goers during their workouts. With LEDs, shadows are minimized, and every corner of the gym is illuminated, reducing the risk of accidents or injuries. Whether lifting weights, performing yoga, or engaging in high-intensity interval training, having a well-lit environment ensures that individuals can focus on their exercises without concerns about visibility issues.
Beyond the aesthetic and safety advantages, LED lighting is also a sustainable and energy-efficient choice. Compared to traditional lighting options, LEDs consume significantly less energy, translating to lower utility bills for gym owners. The long lifespan of LED lights further reduces maintenance costs, providing a cost-effective and environmentally friendly lighting solution for gymnasiums and check out this website.
Customization for Varied Workouts:
LED lighting systems offer a level of customization that goes beyond traditional lighting. Gymnasiums can install dynamic lighting setups that adapt to different workout scenarios. For instance, during a yoga class, the lights can be set to a calming and soothing tone, promoting relaxation. In contrast, for high-intensity workouts, the lights can be adjusted to a brighter and more invigorating setting, boosting energy levels and motivation among gym attendees.
Mood Enhancement and Motivation:
Lighting has a profound impact on mood, and gymnasiums are no exception. The harsh, artificial lighting of traditional systems can create a sterile and unwelcoming environment. In contrast, LED lights with their natural color rendering abilities create a warm and inviting atmosphere. This not only contributes to a more enjoyable workout experience but also enhances motivation, encouraging individuals to push them further.
In the quest for better fitness results, every element of the gym environment matters and lighting is no exception. LED lighting has emerged as a transformative solution for gymnasiums, providing a perfect blend of functionality, energy efficiency, and aesthetic appeal. By investing in quality LED lighting systems, gym owners can create an environment that not only enhances safety and visibility but also motivates individuals to achieve their fitness goals. Brighter workouts are indeed leading to better results, thanks to the magic of LED lighting in gymnasiums.


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- Earth Work • Soil Stabilization • Erosion Control • Lot Clearing
Earth Excavating specializes in site preparation and underground utilities. From driveways to digging for foundations, waterlines and septic systems, with the experience to get the job done right.
- • Underground Utilities
- • Water Lines
- • Sewer Lines
- • Septic Systems Design and Install
- • Conventional and Alternative Septic Systems
- • Site Prep
- • Foundation Excavation
- • Land Clearing
- • Driveways
- • Backhoe Service
- • Fill Materials
- • Crushed Rock
- • Drain Field Monitoring and Maintenance
Whether your project is large, complex and comprehensive, or something small and simple, we can help you complete a project that will stand the test of time.


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The Johnson Controls A25CP-1C Air Temperature Control; ROD & Tube; 25/215F; MANUAL RESet; SPDT; CONSEALED SCALE; FM APPROVED; HIGH LIMIT
A25 warm air limit controls "lockout" on a temperature increase to the control set point. Manual reset is required to reclose the electrical circuit. The controls are normally located in return air, supply air or plenum and are designed to shut down fans, burners or operate dampers, when the temperature of the air becomes higher than the control setting. A typical application is to stop air conditioning or ventilating fans in the event of excessive return air temperature, as from a fire. The use of these controls with the standard stop setting of 125°F (52°C) conforms to NFPA No. 90A-1981. A25 controls may be used as a high limit control in the supply air duct or plenum where a "lockout" type control is desired or required by local code. Factory Mutual approved models have a concealed setting with a visible scale. (See Fig. 1.)
- Trip-free reset lever. Contacts cannot be blocked in a closed position.
- Pilot duty electrical rating for up to 600 volts allows direct control of high voltage motor starters, etc. Fig. 1 — A25 Manual Reset Limit C
- Enclosed, dust protected switch. SPDT models have an auxiliary contact for operation of a warning light or audible alarm of the same voltage as the control circuit.
- Rod and tube sensing element gives maximum response, allows high maximum element temperature and reduces the probability of dirt build-up on the element.
- Adjustable duct mounting flange allows for duct insulation and/or various element insertion depths into the airstream.
- Wide temperature range allows use of control on many applications. Variable high limit stop may be job set by installer where 125°F (52°C) limit is not required.


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An Industrial Long Shaft Pump is a centrifugal pump designed to handle large volumes of water or other fluids from a sump or pit.
An Industrial Long Shaft Sump Pump is a centrifugal pump designed to handle large volumes of water or other fluids from a sump or pit. These pumps are commonly used in industrial settings such as mining, construction, and wastewater treatment plants, where large amounts of water must be moved quickly and efficiently.
The long shaft design of these pumps allows them to reach the bottom of deep sumps or pits, where they can effectively pump out water or other liquids. They are above the sump or pit, with a long vertical shaft connecting the motor to the pump impeller at the bottom.
Industrial Long Shaft Sump Pumps are available in various materials, including cast iron, stainless steel, and high-density polyethylene, to suit different applications and environments. In addition, depending on the application's specific requirements, they are available in various sizes and flow rates.
Industrial Long Shaft Sump Pump provides an effective and reliable solution for handling large volumes of water or other fluids in industrial settings, where efficient and reliable pumping is critical to operations.
Applications of Long Shaft Sump Pump
A long-shaft sump pump comes with a long vertical shaft that connects the motor at the top of the pump to the impeller at the bottom. Here are some common uses of long-shaft sump pumps:
Deep Sump Application:
Deep sump applications are characterized by sumps or pits that have a significant depth, making it challenging for standard submersible pumps to operate effectively. In such scenarios, long-shaft sump pumps are a practical and reliable solution. These pumps are designed with a long vertical shaft that extends from the top of the pump to the bottom of the sump, allowing them to reach deep into the sump and pump out the water more efficiently.
Deep sump applications can be found in various settings, including industrial plants, mining operations, construction sites, and flood control. For example, pumps may collect wastewater, runoff, or chemical spills in industrial plants. These sumps may have a considerable depth and require efficient pumps to remove the liquids.
In mining operations, sumps are used to collect water that accumulates in underground mines, which can pose a safety risk to workers. Long shaft sump pumps pump out the water, keeping the mine dry and safe for workers.
In construction sites, excavations and foundations may require dewatering to prevent water damage. Long shaft sump pumps pump out the water from deep sumps and keep the area dry.
A long shaft sump pump is also used in flood control applications to pump water from deep sumps, basements, and underground parking lots. These pumps are critical in preventing flood damage and maintaining safety in flood-prone areas.
Long shaft sump pumps find extensive use in various industrial applications that require the efficient pumping of corrosive liquids, slurries, or wastewater. In addition, these pumps are ideal for handling challenging fluids that may damage standard submersible pumps.
In industrial plants, long-shaft sump pumps pump out wastewater, runoff, and chemical spills from deep sumps. These pumps are designed to handle corrosive fluids and slurries commonly found in industrial plants, including acids, alkalis, and solvents.
Long-shaft sump pumps pump out highly corrosive chemicals and acids from storage tanks, mixing vessels, and sumps in chemical processing plants. These pumps are made of materials that can withstand the corrosive fluids they handle, such as high-grade stainless steel and special alloys. In addition, they are designed with features that minimize wear and tear and prevent corrosion, such as protective coatings, specialized seals, and heavy-duty bearings.
Long shaft sump pumps are also used in the mining industry to pump out acidic water and slurry from mining pits and processing plants. These pumps are built to handle harsh mining environments and can operate reliably in challenging conditions. In addition, they are designed to withstand the corrosive fluids and abrasive materials commonly found in mining operations.
Long-shaft sump pumps pump wastewater from deep sumps and basins in power generation plants. These pumps are designed to handle the high temperatures and pressures commonly found in power generation plants and can operate reliably in these demanding environments.
A long-shaft sump pump is an essential tool in various industrial applications that require efficient pumping of corrosive liquids, slurries, or wastewater. In addition, their long vertical shaft allows them to reach deep into the sump, making them an ideal choice for industrial applications that require specialized pumping equipment.
Long shaft sump pumps are also widely used in wastewater treatment plants to pump out wastewater from deep sumps, lift stations, and collection systems. These pumps are essential in the treatment process, as they are critical in moving wastewater through the treatment system.
Wastewater treatment plants rely on a long shaft sump pump to transfer wastewater from one stage of the treatment process to the next. These pumps pump out wastewater from primary clarifiers, aeration tanks, and secondary clarifiers. They also transfer sludge from the digester to the drying bed.
Industrial pumps, such as long-shaft pumps, are designed to handle the high solids content and abrasive materials commonly found in wastewater treatment plants. They are built to withstand the corrosive fluids and harsh chemicals used in treatment. They are also designed with features that minimize wear and tear and prevent corrosion, such as protective coatings, specialized seals, and heavy-duty bearings.
In addition to their reliability and durability, long-shaft sump pumps are also designed to be energy-efficient and essential in wastewater treatment plants that consume significant energy. These pumps are designed to operate optimally, minimizing energy consumption and reducing the plant's operating costs.
Long shaft sump pumps are an integral part of the wastewater treatment process. They are essential in moving wastewater through the treatment system and are designed to handle the high solids content, abrasive materials, and corrosive fluids commonly found in wastewater treatment plants. In addition, these pumps are reliable, durable, and energy-efficient, making them ideal for demanding wastewater treatment requirements.
Agriculture and Irrigation
Long shaft sump pumps are commonly used in agriculture and irrigation to extract water from deep wells and aquifers. These pumps are designed with long shafts that allow them to reach water sources several meters below ground level.
One of the primary advantages of using long-shaft sump pumps in agriculture and irrigation is their ability to deliver water to crops in areas where water sources are limited or inaccessible. These pumps are particularly useful in dry regions with scarce and reliable rainfall.
Long shaft sump pumps are also effective in preventing soil erosion by delivering water directly to the roots of crops. This helps to ensure that crops receive sufficient moisture to thrive and reduces the risk of soil runoff and erosion.
These pumps are relatively easy to install and maintain, making them popular among farmers and irrigation professionals. They are also cost-effective, particularly in areas with relatively low electricity or fuel costs.
However, using long-shaft sump pumps in agriculture and irrigation can also have drawbacks. For example, excessive pumping can lead to the depletion of groundwater resources, which can have negative environmental and social impacts. In addition, improper installation or maintenance of long-shaft sump pumps can lead to mechanical failure or reduced efficiency.
Using long-shaft sump pumps responsibly and sustainably is essential, considering the needs of both farmers and the environment. This can be achieved by properly maintaining and managing irrigation systems and adopting practices promoting soil health and conservation.
Long Shaft Pumps as a Key Solution for Industrial Pumping Needs
The long shaft sump pump efficiently removes water from basements, crawl spaces, and other low-lying areas. Its design allows it to reach greater depths than traditional sump pumps, making it ideal for larger spaces or areas with high water tables. The long shaft also reduces the need for frequent maintenance and repairs since it is less susceptible to damage from debris or sediment. Additionally, its energy-efficient operation can save homeowners money on electricity bills in the long run. Overall, the long shaft sump pump is a reliable and cost-effective solution for keeping homes dry and protected from water damage.
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Have you been pricked?Created by:
As healthcare professionals, we will always be at risk of neddles stick or shraps injury whilst at work. Have you had a personal experience wth needle stick? Pleases do share.
The following guidance has been taken from an NHS website and this is just a simple reminder on how we deal with such incident, if ever it happens.
"If you pierce or puncture your skin with a used needle, follow this first aid advice immediately:
- encourage the wound to bleed, ideally by holding it under running water
- wash the wound using running water and plenty of soap
- don't scrub the wound while you're washing it
- don't suck the wound
- dry the wound and cover it with a waterproof plaster or dressing
You should also seek urgent medical advice:
- go to the nearest accident and emergency (A&E) department, or
- contact your employer's Occupational Health service, if you injure yourself at work"


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Erratic patterns of freeze damage in older walnut orchards and typical damage in young orchards over the past two fall seasons is being linked to rapid declines and swings in temperatures.
Stanislaus County Orchard Systems Advisor Kari Arnold explained in the county's recent fruit and nut production newsletter that while green walnut tissue is highly susceptible to freeze damage, dormant walnut tissues can normally handle temperatures in the low 20s. However, she said, some orchards experienced temperature swings from 60 degrees F to -28 degrees F within short periods of time, causing damage in older orchards and in young orchards.
A slow decline in temperatures over time is needed by walnut trees to convert complex carbohydrates to simple sugars during the fall in preparation for freezing temperatures. Rapid temperature swings, Arnold said, is why it is believed the erratic damage patterns in older orchards occurs.
Brown necrotic tissues in walnuts are evidence of freeze damage when there are no signs of fungal pathogens. Dead branches are apparent at leaf-out.
Reducing new growth in the fall promotes the hardening off process in the trees that begins as daytime temperatures decline. Arnold said there is limited field-based research on freeze mitigation, but orchard observations suggest that cutting back on irrigation in September and ending nitrogen applications in August slows growth and promotes hardening off in mature trees.
In young orchards, irrigation should cease in September to set the terminal bud and harden off the trees. Irrigation can begin later if no rain has fallen to prevent stress. Having the orchard soil moist in November should keep the ground warmer and allows for heat storage on warm days. Hydrated trees are less susceptible to freeze damage.
UCCE Farm Advisor Elizabeth Fichtner noted in a Tulare County newsletter that research studies conducted by UCCE Specialist Bruce Lampinen showed that painting tree trunks and shoots with diluted white interior latex paint after leaf fall will reduce the extent of temperature fluctuations at the plant surface, particularly on the southwest side of the tree.
Studies conducted by Wilbur Reil, farm advisor emeritus, demonstrated that application of the paint after a freeze event can still mitigate the damage.


Three-Phase Distribution or Transmission Lines
Electrical power lines that carry electric energy from one point to another in an electric power system, using three power lines, to transmit three different electrical signals. The phases, or electrical signals, required for most large rotating machines which are used in many manufacturing processes and for many commercial/large wind turbines. The U.S. Department of Labor: Occupational Safety & Health Administration has a great online guide illustrating generation, transmission, and distribution equipment in an easy to understand format:
The amount of electric power drawn at a specific time from an electric system, or the total power drawn from the system. Peak load is the amount of power drawn at the time of highest electrical demand. Or a device or aggregation of devices that are connected to an electrical system that consume electrical power.
Dual Line Feed
A dual line is a second, redundant transmission line connecting a turbine to the grid that allows your project to generate power even if the first line is taken out of service.
Windustry Newsletter - Winter 2000/2001
August 3, 2000 - 2:57pm -- Anonymous
Winter 2000/2001 Newsletter
Cultivating a U.S. Wind Energy Vision
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April 24, 2020
Clojure Goodness: Counting Frequency Of Items In A Collection
If we want to know how often an item is part of a collection we can use the frequencies function. This function returns a map where each entry has the item as key and the number of times it appears in the list as value.
In the following example Clojure code we use the frequencies function:
(ns mrhaki.core.frequencies
 (:require [clojure.test :refer [are is]]))
(def sample "Clojure is cool!")
(is (= {\space 2 \! 1 \C 1 \c 1 \e 1 \i 1 \j 1 \l 2 \o 3 \r 1 \s 1 \u 1}
 (frequencies sample))
 "Frequency of each character in sample")
(def list ["Clojure" "Groovy" "Cool" "Goodness"])
(is (= {\C 2 \G 2}
 (frequencies (map first list)))
 "Two words start with C and two with G")
(def numbers '(29 31 42 12 8 73 46))
(defn even-or-odd
 "Return string even when number is even,
 otherwise return string odd."
 [n]
 (if (even? n)
 "even"
 "odd"))
(is (= {"odd" 3 "even" 4}
 (frequencies (map even-or-odd numbers)))
 "list numbers has 3 odd and 4 even numbers")
(def user {:user "mrhaki" :city "Tilburg" :age 46})
(is (= {java.lang.String 2 java.lang.Long 1}
 (frequencies (map type (vals user))))
 "user map has two values of type String and 1 of type Long")
Written with Clojure 1.10.1.


text:
traffic condition.
 Abstraction of Traffic Conditions In one example, the system 10 employs multi-level abstraction of traffic conditions of a road segment that ranges from numerical traffic data such as speed (e.g., "Current speed on road segment is 70 km/hour") to linguistic natural language traffic descriptors (e.g., "Traffic condition on the road segment is very slow"). A Fuzzy Logic Engine 42 (see Fig. 2) may be used to produce linguistic traffic descriptors from speed range measurements.
 The Fuzzy Engine 42 allows the user to discourse with the onboard device 14 inquire about the traffic conditions. For example, the user can ask questions such as traffic conditions on current road on which the vehicle is being driven. The system 10 will scan the road and report using natural language traffic conditions at high level (e.g.
"traffic is slow," or "somehow slow," or "very slow," or "smooth on a road segment"). The user can ask questions to the onboard device 14 (e.g., "Tell me traffic conditions on east bound," "Tell me traffic conditions on north bound," etc.). The onboard device 14 can take the name of a road uttered via voice by the user to a segment on the road or the whole road. For example, the system can determine based on vehicle location the interpretation of east bound relative to the vehicle location. That is, the system 10 can use the location and/or direction of vehicle 12 movement to determine relevant segment of the road that the user is interested in. The user can ask the system to provide more detailed information (e.g. by asking "How slow?"). Where the system 10 provides a current speed range on the segment (e.g., "Traffic is moving with speed between 40 to 50 km an hour"), the user can ask a question in response (e.g. "How bad is traffic on the segment?). The system 10 can answer with a speed range and possible a duration for which that speed range has been experienced by other users. The system can also say speed is starting to pick up. The user can set an alert flag, such that the system 10 will monitor traffic on the trip path and report emerging deteriorating/improving traffic conditions.
 Based on the computed traffic assessment for a given user, the system composes a sequence of report to the user.
 If the system determines that the traffic conditions are normal then a "normal condition" alert is sent to the user. No more alerts are sent until the traffic condition state has changed. The amount of change to trigger a report subsequent to the first "normal condition" is computed based on the persisting nature traffic flow variation. For example a traffic flow change in a small 100 meters segment on the road is ignored unless it persists in way such that its extends on the path to cover more 500 meters. Only then the system will send an alert to the user to inform him/her that traffic starts to worsen on his/her entered path. The system will use street/road names and land marks to localize the traffic alert to the user.
For example, the system will send an alert such as "very slow traffic on HW 401, between Exit x and Exit y". It can also say "very slow traffic on King street just after Fairway Shopping Mall, Or exit into to Fairway shopping mall".
 The system uses a fuzzy engine to translate traffic conditions data to linguistic traffic conditions indicators. Furthermore, the system uses an Artificial Neural Network to map current and historical traffic patterns to predicted traffic conditions along the path. These predictions can be used by the system to be more proactive in its alert announcement and traffic condition persistence profiling which is used to compute an alert threshold.
 Multi-agent software architecture A multi-agent software architecture may be used to implement the system where by each user is assigned a software agent, such as in the mobile device 22 (alternatively, on the onboard device 14 or even on the server 16). The agent is the one that monitors on behalf of the user the traffic conditions that could potentially affect his/her trip time. The agent also performs the alert regime above. Furthermore, user can choose to enlist in a group of commuters, for example, daily Toronto-Waterloo commuters, weekly Waterloo-Toronto commuters, etc. The agents assigned to these users cooperate to exchange information about traffic and incidents. An agent that discovers a traffic incident such as an accident or congestion will broadcast information about the incident to agents in the group according to the rules set by the user to the broadcasting agent (e.g., inform agents within a certain range of the incident, agents of commuters who are approaching the incident, agents of commuters who happen to be in a certain geographical area, and/or agent who have reported travel paths that are affected by the incident).
The recipient agent uses a set of rules personalized by the user to decide whether to inform its user or not (e.g. only if a certain number of agents reported the incident, only if its user is in the car, only if its user enabled the agent-to-agent traffic information exchange.) In this manner, the system could be run solely on the mobile devices 22, with little or no collection or analysis of data by the server 16.
 User agents fuse information to compute statistical information on travel time for traveled paths. These statistics include, but not limited to, max travel time, min travel time, average travel time, probability of max time, probability of min travel time, variance. Agents are given weights based on how many paths they have processed. An agent that has monitored a road segment or travel path more frequently is given more weigh in the calculation that an agent who monitored the road segment or travel path less frequent.
 Driver-centric information system The server 16 also uses the information from the onboard device 14 to compute the following, which can be viewed by the user on display 20, or on a computer, tablet or smart phone accessing a website hosted on the server 16.
a. Travelled routes (travelled is a path between the start of a trip and the end of a trip). For example, Figure 4 is an example table that can be displayed to the user showing the number of times each route was travelled, where each route is identified by an origin and a destination. A route number or identifier is assigned to each route, because a different route may have been taken between the same origin and destination. The number of trips on the route refers to a specific route between that origin and destination. An alternative route to frequent destinations may be suggested, as in Figure 6.
b. Correlate idle time with traffic light and stop sign location to estimate average traffic light timing and average waiting time on a stop sign.
c. Rank routes in frequency of travel by the user. (Figure 4). Rank destinations in frequency by the user. (Figure 5) d. For routes between similar or identical start and end points compute ranking on travel time, and idle time, average speed. (Figure 4).
e. Center a map of the area around the present location of the vehicle, and plot routes from the location of the vehicle to frequent destinations, along with current traffic conditions of each route. This is shown in Figure 7, where routes to three frequent destinations (for example), with the thickness of each line corresponding to traffic levels (in the commercial embodiment, colors would be used to indicate traffic levels, such as red or green, instead of line thickness.
f. Center a map of the area around the present location of the vehicle and plot a color coded traffic map to show traffic condition in the vicinity of the car.
g. Based on the location of the vehicle display weather forecast information for the area around the location of the vehicle.
h. Search for weather related alerts and traffic related alerts for the area where the vehicle is located and display them on the map.
i. For each frequent route compute safety index based on routes' accident history, number of lanes, weather conditions at the time, and time of the day.
j. For each frequently travelled route show average speed, idle time, travel time, number of traffic lights and stop signs, longest wait stop sign, and longest wait traffic light.
k. Compute alternative routes to the frequently travelled routes if other routes exist that will the user travel time, idle time, fuel, etc.
Determine events of interest on routes and present to the user so that he/she can avoid them if they are unwanted (construction, accidents, weather hazards, strikes, etc), or consider them if they are attractive (for example, promotions, discount events, cheaper gas, or scenic).
The routing algorithm will use the data for the routes of the user in recommending better routes and new routes.
The server 16 combines the above information from a number of users (onboard devices 14) to compute a map of travelled routes and populate the map with stop signs and traffic lights.
The server 16 populates the routes on the map with speed data (average speed, speed inflection point). This allows a user to open the map to view routes.
The user can query timing of a stop sign or a traffic light. The user can create a path and compute total travel time and average speed, and expected waiting time due to stops and traffic lights on the path. The server 16 can estimate frequency of use per route during time slots of the day based on information from all users of the route. For users who have similar frequent travel routes allow exchange of route tips that can help another user save time, fuel, reduce idle time and increase safety. The server 16 uses this amalgamated information to enable computing routing recommendations of users.
The user will be presented


text:
Venafi Trust Protection Platforms (TPP) has the ability to work as a SCEP server. This feature is referred to as Network Device Enrollment (NDE). This article describes the steps to setup and configure TPP and SSCEP a command line SCEP client to work together.
Configure NDE on TPP side in WebAdmin:
1. Create Password object to use for SCEP requests
2. Go to Platform Tree to configure NDE settings
3. Select Engine or root of Platform tree and go to "Network Device Enrollemnt" > Settings
4. Configure settings:
Enable "SCEP Reply Delay"
Default Challenge Password = Password for requests to use
Default Certificate Container = Where to create cert objects
Default Certificate Authority = What CA Template to use
RA Certificate = Certificate used for Registration Authority (cert that was issued by CA we are going to use)
5. Save settings and restart IIS
Use SSCEP to test NDE
1. Unzip SSCEP (found here: _URL_
2. Generate a certificate request providing a Common Name and the Challenge Password when prompted by openssl:
openssl.exe req -config scep.cnf -new -key priv.key -out test.csr
3. Retrieve the CA and RA certificates from your SECP/NDES:
sscep.exe getca -u _URL_ -c ca.crt
4. Enroll a new certificate and make sure to specify the correct RA (-c flag)
sscep.exe enroll -u _URL_ -k priv.key -r test.csr -l test.crt -c ca.crt-0
5. If things work, certficate is stored in test.crt
What to look at when things aren't working?
1. Check the Engine object logs in Platform tree for "Network Device Enrolment" errors
2. Check to see if the Certificate object got created
- Did creating and retrieving the cert take too long?
- Was there an issue during cert enrolment?
3. Check that the RA Cert is correct
4. Check that CA Template has root/intermediate certs configured
5. Check SCEP server url and that it is http
6. Double check that challenge password in CSR is correct:
openssl req -in test.csr -noout -text
7. Check that the vedscep URL (_URL_ works with a browser. It should return "Bad Request"
Other scep related resources:
SSCEP source code - _URL_
NDES/SCEP Windows Test Tool - _URL_


text:
Tourism is among the largest global market forces driving both environmental and sociocultural change, and indigenous peoples residing in biodiverse regions are particularly vulnerable to this change. As indigenous people engage with global markets, questions arise regarding how different forms of tourism privilege particular indigenous knowledge, and how local communities proactively leverage their knowledge to improve the social and environmental outcomes of tourism. The aim of this ethnographic case study in the region around Misahuallí, Ecuador is to provide a thick description of the tourism-related social, cultural, and environmental changes being faced by this indigenous community, itself a microcosm of the challenges being faced by indigenous communities across the globe. Common pool resource theory and the concepts of subtractability and non-excludability are invoked to analyze the ways that tourism influences the management of traditional cultural knowledge, and alternatively, how this knowledge influences the ways that tourism manifests in the local community. This novel application of traditional ecological knowledge and common pool resource theory to tourism research provides a critical link between these theories, and it extends existing analyses of tourism's influence on common pool environmental resources to common pool cultural resources, in this case, traditional knowledge in Kichwa communities.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Geography, Planning and Development
- Cultural Studies
- Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management
- Nature and Landscape Conservation


text:
Flow meters play a pivotal role in enhancing efficiency and optimizing industrial processes in the UAE. In this article, we will explore real-life case studies from different industries in the UAE to demonstrate how flow meters have contributed to significant improvements.
Oil and Gas Sector:
In the oil and gas industry, flow meter accurate flow measurements are crucial for custody transfer and production monitoring. Implementing advanced Coriolis flow meters helped a UAE-based oil refinery to achieve precise measurements, reducing financial discrepancies during custody transfer. The real-time data provided by the flow meters also enabled the refinery to optimize its production processes, leading to improved productivity and cost savings.
In the UAE's arid climate, water management is of paramount importance. A water distribution company implemented electromagnetic flow meters across its pipeline network to monitor water flow and detect leaks promptly. By identifying and repairing leaks early on, the company significantly reduced water loss and conserved valuablezresources, benefiting both the business and the environment.
A chemical manufacturing plant in the UAE utilized turbine flow meters to measure the flow rate of various raw materials accurately. The flow meters allowed precise dosing of ingredients, leading to consistent product quality and reduced material waste. This optimization of resources translated into increased profitability for the company.
Food and Beverage Industry:
A beverage production facility in the UAE integrated ultrasonic flow meters into its processing lines. The flow meters provided real-time data on liquid flow rates, enabling better control over blending processes and ensuring consistent product taste and quality. The company reported improved customer satisfaction and reduced batch rejections as a result.
The case studies above highlight the transformative impact of flow meters on different industries in the UAE. By providing accurate and real-time flow measurements, flow meters contribute to process optimization, resource management, cost savings, and enhanced productivity. Integrating flow meters into industrial processes is a strategic investment that pays dividends in terms of efficiency and competitiveness for businesses in the UAE.


text:
The 2023 Bimota DB was a motorcycle manufactured by Bimota in Rimini, Italy. The First impression of Bimota DB 2023 is good. The Bimota DB is an awesome bike. The quality and attention to detail that has been given to make the DB are very impressive. The Bimota DB 2023 is as successful as Bimota's first Ducati-powered bike, it will go a long way to restoring health after the 500 Vdue disasters. DB stands for Ducati Bimota, i.e the first Bimota powered by a Ducati engine compared to, for example, the SB3 – Suzuki, Bimota, the third design.
2023 Bimota DB Design
The shape 2023 Bimota DB was unusually organic with a High profile, narrowing into a square headlight enclosed in a bezel inspired by a Ferrari Daytona's nose. The body seemed to flow from the headlight directly to the seat, closing the steering head and creating a straight line that gave the Mantra its unusual proportions. The 16-liter fuel tank was split into wings that flanked the frame, ostensibly to lower the center of gravity and provide more space for the long-distance downstream inlets raised from the 900SS while retaining a low silhouette. The electrical system was powered by a pair of 12-volt batteries wired in parallel, mounted above the front cylinder behind the oil cooler with the intake channel passing between them, as Bimota considered a single battery to be inadequate for application and two smaller units would be made easier to pack in design.
The 2023 Bimota DB was a curious signature of Bimota to run two 6-volt batteries in series to power a 12-volt system, so the Bimota DB seemed to update the strange practice. A small glove compartment was incorporated into the back of the tank in front of the seat. The clips were mounted on top of the top triple in four-inch lifts to give the required upright seating position. At the top of the cabin was an ostentatious burlwood wood control panel with an analog speedometer and tachometer surrounded by carbon fiber bowling pins. Despite the presence of only two cylinders, Lakic thought it appropriate to install four exhaust drums. A swoopy belly pan and a body-colored rear hitch completed the abbreviated bodywork, which was not wholly bare or closed, providing an insight into the mechanical operation of the machine while maintaining some protection from the wind.
2023 Bimota DB Reliability
The Bimota DB is a phenomenal handling machine and is a bit more agile and has faster steering than the Ducati 1098. It's a fickle beast to set up and is unlikely to be perfect for you from the box as the suspension needs care. Configuration to suit the weight and driving style of the rider. Once the fully adjustable ExtremeTech 2v4 rear shock absorber and 43mm Marzocchi Corse RAC forks are ready. The Bimota DB models came with Continental tires, which had no front feel or rear grip but are now equipped with Pirelli Super Corsa, which are excellent. Brembo Monobloc clamps would stop a high-speed train with sixpence, but it's hard to use all its power, as it's almost impossible to hold on with severe braking. The tank is too narrow to lock it with your knees, so you'll need to use all your strength to stop with your arms, which can cause fatigue to the rider.
2023 Bimota DB Suspension
The front suspension was courtesy of the conventional 43 mm Paoli fork with Bimota signature, combined with a length-adjustable Paoli shock absorber at the rear. The geometry of the chassis was virtually the same as that of the DB2 with a steel grille despite being a completely new design wheelbase of 54 inches, a 24-degree rake, and 3.6 inches of travel. The 17-inch three-spoke Marchesini alloy wheels were shared with the Ducati 900SS, which contributed to the design. The brakes everywhere were, with four-piston axial mounting P4 clamps biting 320mm floating cast iron Brembo discs at the front and a caliper of two pistons with 230 mm rotor at the rear.
2023 Bimota DB Engine
The engine selected for the Bimota DB was an unmodified air-cooled 904 cc Ducati SOHC twin that would have powered the contemporary 900SS, the same unit that had been widely used in the DB2. With the Bimota costume, the 92x68mm evergreen twin was powered by a pair of 38mm Mikuni carburetors with its own airbox design. This configuration produced 86 hp and 66 lb/ft of torque on the crankshaft usually in the 70 hp range measured on the wheel, which was so close to the same numbers that Ducati claimed for the 900SS. Anyone who complained about the powertrain should have directed their anger at Ducati, not Bimota. Or whoever was in charge of specifying the carburetor installed in the factory.
A good move because the air-cooled 904 cc is an excellent engine and fits the Bimota DB perfectly. The best thing about DS is that it has enough time to be fun. Enough noise and vibration to have character. But it's still soft enough to be one really good road bike engine. It's not the fastest by far, but Ducati has focused on giving 904 a wide torque dispersion as well as a very smooth gearbox. In first gear, the instantaneous stroke is enough to lift the front wheel without trying and at all times there is always enough thrust. Unfortunately, the clutch is heavy. But DB is unlikely ever to be used as a passenger, it's not really a problem.


text:
Eugene Pintard Bicknell
Eugene Pintard Bicknell was born at Riverdale-on-Hudson on September 23, 1859, the sixth son of Joseph Inglis Bicknell and Maria Theresa Pierrepont. He never went to college but was well-educated which was evident in his writing. Mr. Bicknell went into business at an early age, connecting himself with the financial firm of John Munroe & Co., where he eventually became a partner. On October 9, 1901 Eugene married Edith Babcock at Riverdale and together they had two daughters, Eleanor Franklin and Edith Evelyn. The same year as their marriage, they moved their home to Long Island where for a number of years Mr. Bicknell served as Vestryman of Trinity Church, Hewlett, and delegate to the Diocesan Convention.
Mr. Bicknell was interested in natural history from an early age. He was one of the few ornithologists of his time who used his field glass more than his gun and kept daily records of every species he observed. His thorough documentations of observed species were kept in his Riverdale diaries, though he also maintained a collection of local birds which were later presented to the Vassar Institute in Poughkeepsie, N.Y. During the spring and fall migration period, Mr. Bicknell would send a daily postcard to Dr. A.K. Fisher who lived about twenty miles north. In 1878, at the age of 18, Mr. Bicknell published his first technical paper, "Evidences of the Carolinian Fauna in the Lower Hudson Valley", appearing in the Bulletin of the Nuttall Ornithological Club. The same year he was one of ten naturalists to organize the Linnaean Society of New York where he also served as president from 1879 to 1887. In 1882 this society published his "Review of the Summer Birds of Part of the Catskill Mountains." It was at that time he discovered Bicknell's Thrush, described by Ridgway in the 'Proceedings of the United States National Museum.'
Mr. Bicknell was the youngest founder of the American Ornithologists' Union and was elected temporary secretary of the first meeting. He was also appointed to the committees on Migration of Birds and on The European House Sparrow. The second year he was appointed a member of the original committee of Bird Protection and in 1885 became secretary of that committee.
Throughout Mr. Bicknell's life, he spent more and more time devoted to the study of botany which he focused on primarily after 1895. In 1880, Mr. Bicknell was elected a member of the Torrey Botanical Club and began contributing to the Club's bulletin the same year. In 1896, he became a member of the newly organized New York Botanical Garden and also the Philadelphia Botanical Club. Later, his extensive collections of plants along with his botanical books were presented to the New York Botanical Garden by Mrs. Bicknell.
Over his lifetime, Mr. Eugene Bicknell published contributions amounted to 26 titles and installments to ornithology and natural history and 74 on botanical subjects. Mr. Bicknell was known as a modest man who rarely attended scientific meetings or mingled with fellow naturalists. Though reserved, he maintained a kind disposition and was known to help younger students. Mr. Euegene Bicknell passed away on February 9, 1925.
To learn more about Eugene Pintard Bicknell, please visit: _URL_