as described in ipsec_set_policy(3).
 Each policy specifier is applied to all the following lines in inetd.conf
 until the next policy specifier. An empty policy specifier resets the
 IPsec policy.
 If an invalid IPsec policy specifier appears in inetd.conf, inetd will
 provide an error message via the syslog(3) interface and abort execution.
 UNIX Domain Sockets
 In addition to running services on IP sockets, inetd can also manage UNIX
 domain sockets. To do this you specify a protocol of ''unix'' and spec-
 ify the UNIX domain socket as the service-name. The service-type may be
 ''stream'' or ''dgram''. The specification of the socket must be an
 absolute path name, optionally prefixed by an owner and mode of the form
 :user:group:mode:. The specification:
 :news:daemon:220:/var/run/sock
 creates a socket owned by user ''news'' in group ''daemon'' with permis-
 sions allowing only that user and group to connect. The default owner is
 the user that inetd is running as. The default mode only allows the
 socket's owner to connect.
 WARNING: while creating a UNIX domain socket, inetd must change the own-
 ership and permissions on the socket. This can only be done securely if
 the directory in which the socket is created is writable only by root.
 Do NOT use inetd to create sockets in world writable directories such as
 /tmp; use /var/run or a similar directory instead.
 Internal services may be run on UNIX domain sockets, in the usual way.
 In this case the name of the internal service is determined using the
 last component of the socket's pathname. For example, specifying a
 socket named /var/run/chargen would invoke the ''chargen'' service when a
 connection is received on that socket.
FILES
 /etc/inetd.conf configuration file
 /etc/netconfig network configuration data base
 /etc/rpc translation of service names to RPC program numbers
 /etc/services translation of service names to port numbers
 /var/run/inetd.pid the pid of the currently running inetd
EXAMPLES
 Here are several example service entries for the various types of ser-
 vices:
 ftp stream tcp nowait root /usr/libexec/ftpd ftpd -l
 ntalk dgram udp wait root /usr/libexec/ntalkd ntalkd
 telnet stream tcp6 nowait root /usr/libexec/telnetd telnetd
 shell stream tcp46 nowait root /usr/libexec/rshd rshd
 tcpmux/+date stream tcp nowait guest /bin/date date
 tcpmux/phonebook stream tcp nowait guest /usr/local/bin/phonebook phonebook
 rstatd/1-3 dgram rpc/udp wait root /usr/libexec/rpc.rstatd rpc.rstatd
 /var/run/echo stream unix nowait root internal
 #@ ipsec ah/require
 chargen stream tcp nowait root internal
 #@
ERROR MESSAGES
 The inetd server logs error messages using syslog(3). Important error
 messages and their explanations are:
 service/protocol server failing (looping), service terminated.
 The number of requests for the specified service in the past minute
 exceeded the limit. The limit exists to prevent a broken program or a
 malicious user from swamping the system. This message may occur for sev-
 eral reasons:
 1. There are many hosts requesting the service within a short
 time period.
 2. A broken client program is requesting the service too fre-
 quently.
 3. A malicious user is running a program to invoke the service in
 a denial-of-service attack.
 4. The invoked service program has an error that causes clients
 to retry quickly.
 Use the -R rate option, as described above, to change the rate limit.
 Once the limit is reached, the service will be reenabled automatically in
 10 minutes.
 service/protocol: No such user user, service ignored
 service/protocol: getpwnam: user: No such user
 No entry for user exists in the passwd(5) database. The first message
 occurs when inetd (re)reads the configuration file. The second message
 occurs when the service is invoked.
 service: can't set uid uid
 service: can't set gid gid
 The user or group ID for the entry's user field is invalid.
 setsockopt(SO_PRIVSTATE): Operation not supported
 The inetd utility attempted to renounce the privileged state associated
 with a socket but was unable to.
 unknown rpc/udp or rpc/tcp
 No entry was found for either udp or tcp in the netconfig(5) database.
 unknown rpc/udp6 or rpc/tcp6
 No entry was found for either udp6 or tcp6 in the netconfig(5) database.
SEE ALSO
 ipsec_set_policy(3), hosts_access(5), hosts_options(5), login.conf(5),
 netconfig(5), passwd(5), rpc(5), services(5), comsat(8), fingerd(8),
 ftpd(8), rlogind(8), rpcbind(8), rshd(8), talkd(8), telnetd(8), tftpd(8)
 Michael C. St. Johns, Identification Protocol, RFC1413.
HISTORY
 The inetd utility appeared in 4.3BSD. TCPMUX is based on code and docu-
 mentation by Mark Lottor. Support for ONC RPC based services is modeled
 after that provided by SunOS 4.1. The IPsec hack was contributed by the
 KAME project in 1999. The FreeBSD TCP Wrappers support first appeared in
 FreeBSD 3.2.
FreeBSD 11.0 January 12, 2008 FreeBSD 11.0
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | IMPLEMENTATION NOTES | FILES | EXAMPLES | ERROR MESSAGES | SEE ALSO | HISTORY
Want to link to this manual page? Use this URL:
<_URL_
home | help


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Other titles in the Keepers of the Earth series:
Keepers of the Earth: Native American Stories and Environmental Activities for Children (Keepers of the Earth)by Michael J Caduto
Synopses & Reviews
The flagship book in the Keepers of the Earth series, this environmental classic teaches children respect and stewardship for the Earth and all living things. Joseph Bruchac's lyrical retellings set the stage for Michael Caduto's abundance of related activities.
Beginning with Native American stories, this invaluable and time-honored resource provides readers with an abundance of hands-on activities that will inspire children to understand and appreciate Native American cultures and the Earth.
Connects to social studies, science, environmental studies and other content areas.Uses a holistic approach suitable for all ages.Provides field-tested activities.Includes charts, illustrations and graphs to enhance the projects and concepts.
When the stories and activities in this book and its companion teacher's guide are followed carefully as children progress from kindergarten through the primary grades, roughly ages five through twelve years, they provide a complete program of study in the important concepts and topics of ecology and natural history. As the stories unfold and you help the children to bring the activities to life, a holistic, interdisciplinary approach to teaching about the Earth and Native American cultures begins. These stories and activities weave together lessons both directly and through metaphors and have been enjoyed by families as well as in camp settings, nature centers, environmental education programs, public and private schools, library story hours, and in both rural and urban settings.
About the Author
Joseph Bruchac, coauthor of The Keepers of the Earth series, is a nationally acclaimed Native American storyteller and writer who has authored more than 70 books of fiction, nonfiction, and poetry for adults and children. He lives in upstate New York.
What Our Readers Are Saying
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What is the address of Future Diagnostics Group in Joliet?
Our address is 254 Republic Avenue, Joliet, Illinois 60435
Where should I park?
Please use our North parking lot and park in the designated COVID testing spaces. Once you arrive, please call _PHONE_ extension 0 (zero) to check in. Please do NOT enter the building under any circumstances as your test will be conducted from your vehicle.
What is a rapid COVID-19 test?
A rapid COVID-19 test, also called an antigen test, detects proteins from the virus which causes COVID-19. This type of test is considered most accurate in those individuals who are experiencing symptoms of COVID-19. Rapid tests allow you to detect disease sooner, decrease spread faster and start contact tracing earlier.
How are specimens collected?
Specimens are collected using a nasal swab. A swab is inserted into each nostril, one side at a time, approximately one to two inches in depth. The swab is then rotated around the inside of each nostril to gather mucous.
Who should get a rapid test?
Individuals who have had close contact with another positive individual should be tested three to five days after exposure. Other individuals experiencing COVID-19 symptoms, first responders, healthcare workers, older adults or individuals with underlying health conditions could also benefit from this test.
How long will it take to get my results?
Results typically take about 15 minutes following your test, and you will receive a paper copy of your results that can be used as proof of testing.
How accurate are my rapid test results?
Positive results are usually highly accurate but negative results may need to be confirmed with a PCR test. Rapid tests being used by Future Diagnostics Group are most effective one to five days after symptoms start.
For additional information, please call us at _PHONE_.


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Terminal sedation vs voluntary assisted dying
Peter Beahan / 14 August 2020
Terminal sedation and voluntary assisted dying (VAD) are different approaches to the management of the approximately 5% of dying patients who experience overwhelming suffering. Terminal sedation is also known as palliative sedation.
Opponents of VAD often say that such dying patients can be provided with terminal sedation. However, we believe that terminal sedation can be an inferior option to VAD for patients who are able to choose between them. The differences are summarised in the table below.
Terminal SedationVoluntary Assisted Dying
Dying can be prolonged and uncertainDying is quick and certain
The decision is most often made by the doctorThe decision is made by the patient
Death is often experienced by loved ones as undignified and harrowingDeath is experienced with reverence, thankfulness, and a sense of release
The time of death is indeterminate; patients sometimes die alone, to the distress of familyThe time of death is chosen by the patient
Deep sedation may remove both consciousness and all semblance of personhoodConsciousness is preserved. Death is induced by fast acting and effective medication
Documentation may be cryptic, and clouded in secrecyDocumentation is regulated, transparent and subject to official scrutiny
Doctor accountability for process and outcome is not clearly definedDoctor accountability is fully and clearly defined
Legal protections for the doctor (criminal homicide), and the patient (abuse) are minimalThe doctor and the patient are well protected by the law
Access depends on the doctor's attitude, including religious beliefsAccess is legally available, provided the patient is eligible
Neither capacity to consent, nor consent itself, is necessary, even from the familyBoth capacity, and consent from the patient are required
No beneficial effect on
bereavement
Beneficial effect on bereavement compared with death from natural causes (Swarfe et al, 2003)
With terminal sedation, dying can take many days, and the time to death is unpredictable. The patient may linger in a semi-comatose state, dehydrated and deteriorating. This can be distressing to loved ones, who are not able to communicate with the dying person or help in any meaningful way. With VAD, the person has capacity and awareness, plus the ability to communicate and to initiate the process.
With terminal sedation, the decision to administer continuous sedative medication is often that of the doctor. The patient may not be able to indicate consent. With VAD, the dying person makes the decision while dignity and purpose are intact. This is both a rational and a mentally healthy choice, for those who take that option.
With terminal sedation, death can be a trial for all concerned. It can be remembered with guilt and horror. With VAD, the patient chooses the timing and the arrangements. Death is dignified and peaceful. It is often described as a 'good death' – a fitting end that complements and rounds off a person's life experiences and achievements (Reid, 2018).
With terminal sedation, sedative and analgesic medications are relied on to control the dying process and associated suffering. Even so, fluctuating levels of response mean that complete control of suffering cannot be guaranteed. With VAD, the dying process is brought to a conclusion by the administration of medication that is the same as, or similar to, that used for general anaesthesia. This can be self-administered by mouth, or given intravenously. The latter can be given by the doctor or arranged for self-activated administration by the patient. Communication channels remain open up to the last minutes of life. The most important loved ones are usually present or close by.
With terminal sedation, documentation may be incomplete and statistical information impossible to collect. There is no regulatory framework. With VAD, documentation is clear, frank and open to scrutiny.
Finally, there are some characteristics that terminal sedation and VAD have in common. In both, the primary aim of the doctor is the relief of suffering. In both, the patient is in the process of dying, and will inevitably die. In each case, the intent is the same, and the outcome (death) is the same (Lipuma, 2013).
VAD will not be acceptable to some dying people, nor will it be available to some others. Terminal sedation will continue to be a valuable intervention for such people if they experience refractory suffering. It can be well accepted, where there is accountability, and good communication and care directed toward family members (Bruinsma, 2015).
Dr Beahan is a retired anaesthetist from Perth. He is a member of Doctors for Assisted Dying Choice.
Dr Lugg is an Environmental Health Consultant from Perth. He is convenor of Doctors for Assisted Dying Choice (WA).
All the more reason.


text:
375th: Founding values current today
Festivities surrounding the 375th anniversary of Montreal's founding were officially launched on Wednesday, May 17 at Notre-Dame Basilica, with a solemn Mass presided by the Archbishop of Montreal, Most Rev. Christian Lépine.
This Mass was intended as a commemoration of the very first Mass celebrated in Ville-Marie, on May 17, 1642, presided by Father Vimont. On that day, "the Governor provided Sieur de Maisonneuve with possession of the Isle."¹
The highest civil, political, and religious authorities of Quebec and Canada were present, including the Prime Minister of Canada, Justin Trudeau, and his wife, the Premier of Quebec, Philippe Couillard, and the Mayor of Montreal, Denis Coderre. The Archbishop welcomed all four of them in front of the basilica, while church bells throughout the Archdiocese rang, announcing the joy of this anniversary.
Several First Nation chiefs were present. Ghislain Picard, Chief of the Assembly of First Nations of Quebec and Labrador, and Joe Norton, Grand Chief of Kahnawake, were greeted by all the dignitaries. Furthermore, the first reading (Sir 44:1.10-15), a deeply moving text, was proclaimed in Mohawk by none other than Christine Zachary Déom, Chief of Council in Kahnawake.
Denis Coderre delivered a poignant speech. "Montreal did not arise from a war or a conquest, but from the dream of spreading the word of God! The only ambition of all of these devout founders was to build a missionary city. (...) It is this spiritual dimension that we are celebrating today, on this day that is also dedicated to the fight against homophobia and transphobia, a city where we can be different, yet equal. We are all sons and daughters of immigrants!"
During his homily, Most Reverend Lépine recalled the spirit of adventure of Montreal's founders: Paul de Chomedey, sieur de Maisonneuve and Jeanne Mance. "Montreal was a community of communities, founded by adventurers driven by hope, who did not know if they would survive the elements, the winter cold, or the wars. Their faith in the crucified and risen Jesus Christ allowed them to trust entirely in God!"
"The founding values have stood the test of time and are still operative today. They have the ability to bring people together and create peace," he also said.
The music cannot go unmentioned. Pierre Grandmaison, official organist at the basilica, charmed the entire assembly with its own composition of the Mass, entitled Cantate Domino. The opening hymn, "Ce jour que fit le Seigneur" (Psalm 117), the Canticle of Isaiah (12), and the hymn Angus Dei were magnificent. Also, Jesuit Father Erik Oland sang the Veni Creator Spiritus hymn, and the entire assembly joined in spontaneously.
This celebration was a genuine prayer of thanksgiving.
Read the entire homily
View the Mass (vidéo)
Read Pope Francis's Message to all Montrealers
¹ Excerpt from The Jesuit Relations (1642), read during the Mass.
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text:
Satna Airport is located in Satna in Madhya Pradesh, India. The Satna Airport is the sixth busiest airport in Madhya Pradesh.Salem airport was constructed in April 1993 at a cost of Rs. 6 Crore, covering a sprawling 136 acres extensively donated by local traders and industrialists. A total of Rs. 49 lakh, including Rs. 30 lakh by Salem Steel Plant. Originally planned for Vayudoot services using small aircraft and conceived with a 1,350-metre runway, it was expanded by another 600 meters to accommodate bigger planes.
Satna is a city in the Satna District of Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is home for district's administrative headquarters.At nearby Bharhut are the remains of a 2nd-century BC Buddhist stupa, first discovered in 1873 by the archaeologist Alexander Cunningham; most of the finds from this site were sent to the Indian Museum.The chiefs of Rewash, descended from Baghel Rajputs (who were in turn descended from the Solanki), ruled over Gujrat from the tenth to the thirteenth century. Vyaghra Deo, brother of the ruler of Gujrat, is said to have made his way into northern India about the middle of the thirteenth century and obtained the fort of Marpha, 18 miles north-east of Kalinjar. of Bandhavgarh (now in the tehsil of the same name in Shahdoldistrict), which, until its destruction in 1597 by Akbar the Great, was the Baghel capital. In 1298, general prince Ulugh Khan, acting under order of his brother Sultan Alauddin Khalji, drove the last Baghel ruler of Gujrat out of his country. This is believed to have caused a considerable migration of the Baghels to Bandhavgarh
|Diplomacy||205 Indian embassies and consulates|
|Currency||Indian rupee (Rs. / INR)|
|Euro exchange rate||€1 = Rs.65.57
Rs.1 = €0.02
|USD exchange rate||US$1 = Rs.45.62
Rs.1 = US$0.02


text:
One in three students in the UK wears lucky underwear, according to a new survey by Bic pens. And while you might laugh their habits off, there's a reason that those rituals might actually work.
At Scientific American, researchers Francesca Gino and Michael Norton explain some of their research on rituals and behavior:
Rituals performed after experiencing losses – from loved ones to lotteries – do alleviate grief, and rituals performed before high-pressure tasks – like singing in public – do in fact reduce anxiety and increase people's confidence. What's more, rituals appear to benefit even people who claim not to believe that rituals work. While anthropologists have documented rituals across cultures, this earlier research has been primarily observational. Recently, a series of investigations by psychologists have revealed intriguing new results demonstrating that rituals can have a causal impact on people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
And there are studies to support this. If you give someone a "lucky golf ball," they golf better. If you tell someone you'll "cross your fingers for them," they'll do the task better. If you help a tennis player mentally train, they'll play better. People who use rituals to stop smoking or ward off bad luck truly believe they work. And just believing might be enough to at least take the pressure off and make people relax and succeed just a bit more.
There's even an argument that rituals are what bond us together, what make us human and what keep culture and society intact. Nature reports:
Rituals are a human universal — "the glue that holds social groups together", explains Harvey Whitehouse, who leads the team of anthropologists, psychologists, historians, economists and archaeologists from 12 universities in the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada. Rituals can vary enormously, from the recitation of prayers in church, to the sometimes violent and humiliating initiations of US college fraternity pledges, to the bleeding of a young man's penis with bamboo razors and pig incisors in purity rituals among the Ilahita Arapesh of New Guinea. But beneath that diversity, Whitehouse believes, rituals are always about building community — which arguably makes them central to understanding how civilization itself began.
Whitehouse is trying to catalogue the world's rituals. Here he is talking on the Nature Podcast about the project:
Scientists are still trying to understand which rituals we cling to, why, and what they might be doing to us. But for now, be proud of your lucky underwear.
More from Smithsonian.com:


_tier_0 field indicates the value of seq_tier[0] found in the Sequence Header OBU and SHALL be equal to the value of seq_tier[0] in the Sequence Header OBU.
The high_bitdepth field indicates the value of the high_bitdepth flag from the Sequence Header OBU.
The twelve_bit field indicates the value of the twelve_bit flag from the Sequence Header OBU. When twelve_bit is not present in the Sequence Header OBU the AV1CodecConfigurationRecord twelve_bit value SHALL be 0.
The monochrome field indicates the value of the mono_chrome flag from the Sequence Header OBU.
The chroma_subsampling_x field indicates the subsampling_x value from the Sequence Header OBU.
The chroma_subsampling_y field indicates the subsampling_y value from the Sequence Header OBU.
The chroma_sample_position field indicates the chroma_sample_position value from the Sequence Header OBU.
When not specified in the Sequence Header OBU, and not defined by the conditions specified in the [AV1] color_config, the values of chroma_subsampling_x, chroma_subsampling_y, and chroma_sample_position SHALL be 0.
The initial_presentation_delay_present field indicates the presence of the initial_presentation_delay_minus_one field.
The initial_presentation_delay_minus_one field indicates the number of samples (minus one) that need to be decoded prior to starting the presentation of the first sample associated with this sample entry in order to guarantee that each sample will be decoded prior to its presentation time under the constraints of the first level value indicated by seq_level_idx in the Sequence Header OBU (in the configOBUs field or in the associated samples). More precisely, the following procedure SHALL not return any error:
NOTE: With the above procedure, when smooth presentation can be guaranteed after decoding the first sample, initial_presentation_delay_minus_one is 0.
NOTE: Because the above procedure considers all OBUs in all samples associated with a sample entry, if these OBUS form multiple coded video sequences which would have different values of initial_presentation_delay_minus_one if considered separately, the sample entry would signal the larger value.
The difference between initial_presentation_delay_minus_one and initial_display_delay_minus_1 can be illustrated by considering the following example:
a b c d e f g h
where letters correspond to frames. Assume that initial_display_delay_minus_1 is 2, i.e. that once frame c has been decoded, all other frames in the bitstream can be presented on time. If those frames were grouped into temporal units and samples as follows:
[a] [b c d] [e] [f] [g] [h]
initial_presentation_delay_minus_one would be 1 because it takes presentation of 2 samples to ensure that c is decoded. But if the frames were grouped as follows:
[a] [b] [c] [d e f] [g] [h]
initial_presentation_delay_minus_one would be 2 because it takes presentation of 3 samples to ensure that c is decoded.
The configOBUs field contains zero or more OBUs. Any OBU may be present provided that the following procedures produce compliant AV1 bitstreams:
Additionally, the configOBUs field SHALL contain at most one Sequence Header OBU and if present, it SHALL be the first OBU.
NOTE: The configOBUs field is expected to contain only one Sequence Header OBU and zero or more Metadata OBUs when applicable to all the associated samples.
OBUs stored in the configOBUs field follow the open_bitstream_unit Low Overhead Bitstream Format syntax as specified in [AV1]. The flag obu_has_size_field SHALL be set to 1, indicating that the size of the OBU payload follows the header, and that it is coded using LEB128.
When a Sequence Header OBU is contained within the configOBUs of the AV1CodecConfigurationRecord, the values present in the Sequence Header OBU contained within configOBUs SHALL match the values of the AV1CodecConfigurationRecord.
The presentation times of AV1 samples are given by the ISOBMFF structures. The timing_info_present_flag in the Sequence Header OBU (in the configOBUs field or in the associated samples) SHOULD be set to 0. If set to 1, the timing_info structure of the Sequence Header OBU, the frame_presentation_time and buffer_removal_time fields of the Frame Header OBUs, if present, SHALL be ignored for the purpose of timed processing of the ISOBMFF file.
The sample entry SHOULD contain a colr box with a colour_type set to nclx. If a colr box with a colour_type set to nclx is present, the following applies: When configOBUs does not contain a Sequence Header OBU, a colr box with a colour_type set to nclx SHALL be present.
For sample entries corresponding to HDR content, the following applies:
NOTE: The MasteringDisplayColourVolumeBox mdcv and ContentLightLevelBox clli have identical syntax to the SMPTE2086MasteringDisplayMetadataBox SmDm and ContentLightLevelBox CoLL, except that they are of type Box and not FullBox. However, the semantics of the MasteringDisplayColourVolumeBox and SMPTE2086MasteringDisplayMetadataBox have important differences and SHOULD not be confused.
NOTE: In the MasteringDisplayColourVolumeBox mdcv, the representation and coding of some fields are different from the representation and coding of the corresponding fields in the Metadata OBU of type METADATA_TYPE_HDR_MDCV. Because of these differences, some values coded in the MasteringDisplayColourVolumeBox mdcv may not have the same precision in the Metadata OBU of type METADATA_TYPE_HDR_MDCV, and vice versa.
Additional boxes may be provided at the end of the VisualSampleEntry as permitted by ISOBMFF, that may represent redundant or similar information to the one provided in some OBUs contained in the AV1CodecConfigurationBox. If the box definition does not indicate that its information overrides the OBU information, in case of conflict, the OBU information SHOULD be considered authoritative.
2.4. AV1 Sample Format
For tracks using the AV1SampleEntry, an AV1 Sample has the following constraints:
NOTE: When extracting OBUs from an ISOBMFF file, and depending on the capabilities of the decoder processing these OBUs, ISOBMFF parsers MAY need to either: set the obu_has_size_field to 1 for some OBUs if not already set, add the size field in this case, and add Temporal Delimiter OBU; or use the length-delimited bitstream format as defined in Annex B of AV1. If encryption is used, similar operations MAY have to be done before or after decryption depending on the demuxer/decryptor/decoder architecture.
If an AV1 Sample is signaled as a sync sample (in the SyncSampleBox or by setting sample_is_non_sync_sample to 0), it SHALL be a Random Access Point as defined in [AV1], i.e. satisfy the following constraints:
NOTE: Within this definition, a sync sample may contain additional frames that are not Key Frames. The fact that none of them is the first frame in the temporal unit ensures that they are decodable.
NOTE: Other types of OBUs such as metadata OBUs could be present before the Sequence Header OBU.
Intra-only frames SHOULD be signaled using the sample_depends_on flag set to 2. Delayed Random Access Points SHOULD be signaled using sample groups and the AV1ForwardKeyFrameSampleGroupEntry. Switch Frames SHOULD be signaled using sample groups and the AV1SwitchFrameSampleGroupEntry.
Additionally, if a file contains multiple tracks that are alternative representations of the same content, in particular using Switch Frames, those tracks SHOULD be marked as belonging to the same alternate group and SHOULD use a track selection box with an appropriate attribute (e.g. bitr).
In tracks using the AV1SampleEntry, the ctts box and composition offsets in movie fragments SHALL NOT be used. Similarly, the is_leading flag, if used, SHALL be set to 0 or 2. When a temporal unit contains more than one frame, the sample corresponding to that temporal unit MAY be marked using the AV1MultiFrameSampleGroupEntry. Metadata OBUs may be carried in sample data. In this case, the AV1MetadataSampleGroupEntry SHOULD be used. If the metadata OBUs are static for the entire set of samples associated with a given sample description entry, they SHOULD also be in the OBU array in the sample description entry.
Unless explicitely stated, the grouping_type_parameter is not defined for the SampleToGroupBox with grouping types defined in this specification.
2.5. AV1 Forward Key Frame sample group entry
2.5


text:
As the sun sets on another weekend, our crews will soon be settling in for the night to prepare for another day of working on the Battle Complex tomorrow.
FIRE BAN REMAINS IN EFFECT
The Fire Ban and OHV Restriction remains in effect for the Peace River Forest Area and most of northern Alberta.
Existing fire permits are suspended until further notice.
- All open fires including campfires in campgrounds, backcountry and random camping areas and backyard fire pits.
- Charcoal briquettes, turkey fryers and tiki torches.
- Fireworks and exploding targets.
- The use of off-highway vehicles for recreational use on all public lands.
- Portable propane fire pits that are CSA approved or UL certified.
- Gas or propane stoves and barbecues that are CSA approved or UL certified and are designed for cooking or heating.
- Catalytic or infrared-style heaters.
- OHVs for industrial use, agricultural use, and traditional use by Indigenous peoples, as well as use on private lands.
The Fire Ban and Off-Highway Vehicle Restriction will remain in effect until conditions improve.
Many nearby municipalities have advisories, restrictions or firebans in place. Please check _URL_ for more information and to view a map of the fireban/OHV restriction boundaries.
Thank you for your continued co-operation.
WILDFIRE UPDATE (current as of 9 pm on June 23, 2019)
There have been 89 wildfires this fire season in the Peace River Forest Area, all but three of which have now been extinguished:
Battle Complex- PCX-001 (formerly PWF 052 and 054):
This lightning caused fire remains BEING HELD at 55,179 hectares in size in the Manning/Notikewin area.
Thanks to the hard work of firefighters, aircraft and heavy equipment, 75% of the fire perimeter is now considered to be contained. A combination of crews, heavy equipment and aerial resources continued to target and action the hot spots today and will do so tomorrow as well. There is limited fire behaviour potential for the next few days with the forecasted unsettled weather.
PWF 070 remains classified as under control at 251 hectares in size west of Keg River. The fire has been completely surrounded by dozer guard. Crews continue to patrol the fire.
PWF 076 is under control at 37 hectares in size in the Cliffdale area (33 kms east of St. Isidore and 27 kms south of Cadotte Lake). Firefighters and air support continue to work on this wildfire.
For updates on fires in the High Level Forest Area, please visit _URL_
For updates on fires in the Slave Lake Forest Area, please visit _URL_
For information on the wildfire situation across the province of Alberta, visit: wildfire.alberta.ca.
For your safety and the safety of the numerous firefighters working to contain these wildfires, please obey the access restrictions and stay out of the area.
For more information on evacuation alerts, visit Alberta Emergency Alert or download the free Alberta Emergency Alert app.
The Chinchaga Road continues to be closed to the public. It can be accessed by commercial traffic but there are danger trees along the route so those using the road must stop at the checkpoints, drive 50 km/hr and drive straight through the area affected by the fire. No stopping is permitted while traversing the fire area.
For information on road closures and other access related hazards, visit Alberta 511 or download the free Alberta 511 app.
Smoke may be drifting into the area for the foreseeable future. Anyone with health concerns should check with Alberta Health Services or call 811 for 24/7 health advice from Alberta Health Link. For a smoke forecast map, visit Wildfire Smoke Forecasts for Western Canada .
Smoke from wildfires in northern Alberta may also cause reduced visibility. Please turn your vehicle headlights from auto to on when driving. For further information on air quality, visit: _URL_
For your own safety and the safety of firefighters, please do not enter burned over areas, as the roots of burned trees are weakened and can fall without any wind. Firefighters may also still be working in the area and be unaware of your presence.
FIRE PERMITS SUSPENDED
All fire permits have been suspended, effective on May 16 at 6 pm. No fire permits will be issued until the fire danger conditions improve.
Please call the Peace River Forest Area office at _PHONE_ if you have any questions about fire permits.
DO YOUR PART TO PREVENT WILDFIRES
Please continue to respect the fire ban and quad restriction currently in effect.
You can protect your home from wildfire
Protecting your home from wildfire starts with simple actions. Whether you are doing regular yard maintenance or making large scale changes during renovations or landscaping, you can make choices that will help protect your home from wildfire.
Learn more at firesmartcanada.ca.
FOR MORE INFORMATION
- Bookmark the Peace River Wildfire Update and check for updates anytime or subscribe to have it emailed to you
- Download our app, available for Apple and Android devices.
- You can also find us on Facebook,Twitter, Youtube
- or visit _URL_
Wildfire Information Officer
Report Wildfires 310-FIRE (3743)


Walters, Henry (1848 -1931)
Henry Walters was born in 1848, the son of William Thompson Walters, (_PHONE_), founder of the Atlantic Coast Line Company, and Ellen Harper. Henry graduated from Georgetown University in 1869, and from 1869 until 1872 did graduate work in the Lawrence Scientific School at Harvard University. In 1889 Walters moved to Wilmington, North Carolina, to serve as general manager of his father's railroad. Following his father's death in 1894, Henry Walters was elected president of the Atlantic Coast Line Company. He transferred the line's headquarters to New York. Under his leadership, the railroad experienced rapid growth until World War I. In 1902 Walters also took control of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad. In New York, Walters lived with Pembroke and Sarah Jones, friends whom he had met in Wilmington, North Carolina. Them was both deeply interested in art. Three years after Pembroke Jones' death in 1919, Walters married his widow Sarah Jones. They continued living in Manhattan. When his father died in 1894, Henry Walters was beneficiary of his father's collection, and greatly expanded the scope of acquisitions. He purchased the contents of the Palazzo Accoramboni in Rome for five million FF or $1,000,000, that contained over 1,700 pieces. In September 1900, Henry bought the three houses adjoining the property owned by his father in the Mount Vernon neighbourhood of Baltimore, in order to house and display the full collection. He had the site designed and adapted as a palazzo-style building, which opened to the public in 1909 as the Walters Art Gallery. Walters died in 1931, leaving the building and its contents to the mayor and city council of Baltimore "for the benefit of the public." The Walters Art Museum opened its doors for the first time as a public institution on 3 November, 1934. Walters also served on the executive committee of the Metropolitan Museum of Art from 1903. In 1913 he became second vice president, a position he retained for the rest of his life.
Stamp(s) Stamp Information
Title: Walters, Henry (1848 - 1931) (Stamp 1)
Dimensions (height x width): 10mm x 10mm
Monogram: H W


The students work at two facilities of the company - in Sosnovy Bor (69 people) and the Kaliningrad region (57 people).
Five brigades work in Kaliningrad: "Kariatida" (Rostov Region), "Prospect-15" (Republic of Chuvashia), "PSK-Master" (Nizhny Novgorod Region), "Tesla" (Republic of Tatarstan), "ShSO PGUAS" (Penza Region).
Most of the students were trained to be concrete workers and rebar fitters. Also, the session brigades include ten masons and seven carpenters. The students perform specialized types of work under the supervision of their team leaders.
As part of the employment at JSC CONCERN TITAN-2, the student construction brigades were briefed on occupational health and safety, electrical safety, working at heights, fire safety basics, they received special clothing and personal protective equipment. The company arranged three meals a day for the students. They live in a comfortable hostel and are transported to the facility by a company shuttle bus.
The winter practice shift of the student construction brigades will last until the end of February. The main task for this period is to fulfill all operational tasks set by the employer, strictly observing the labor safety rules.


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Embarking on the Lincolnshire Property Odyssey is not merely a journey through geographical landscapes; it's a venture into the diverse and dynamic realm of property investment. In this exploration, local estate agents stand as the guiding constellations, offering investors a map to navigate the intricate terrain of real estate opportunities. This odyssey is not just about acquiring properties; it's about understanding the nuances, discovering hidden gems, and forging a path towards successful investments.
Heritage Havens – Preserving the Cultural Fabric of Lincolnshire
Our journey commences amidst the heritage havens meticulously preserved by estate agents in Lincolnshire. Beyond the bricks and mortar, these custodians of culture ensure that investors are not just buying homes; they are becoming stewards of history. Each property unfolds as a chapter in the historical narrative, and estate agents play the role of storytellers, weaving tales of architectural grandeur and cultural significance.
Rural Retreats – Embracing Tranquility Beyond Urban Frontiers
Venturing into rural retreats, estate agents in Lincolnshire guide investors towards landscapes where tranquillity isn't just a luxury; it's an integral part of the lifestyle. These properties, nestled in the serene embrace of nature, offer a respite from the urban hustle. The descriptions provided by estate agents go beyond the traditional selling points, painting pictures of idyllic retreats where the pace of life harmonises with the gentle rhythms of the countryside.
Coastal Chronicles – Seaside Escapes and Investment Horizons
As we approach the coastal realms, estate agents unfold the coastal chronicles, revealing seaside escapes that transcend the conventional. Beyond the allure of sea views, these agents enlighten investors on the investment horizons associated with coastal properties. From the potential for holiday rentals to the unique charm that seaside living brings, estate agents unveil the multifaceted appeal of these coveted locations.
Urban Utopias – Navigating Lincolnshire's Urban Property Landscape
Estate agents pivot the odyssey towards urban utopias, unravelling the potential embedded within Lincolnshire's urban landscapes. Far from generic property descriptions, estate agents delve into the intricacies of city living. Whether it's the evolving cultural scene, burgeoning employment opportunities, or the pulse of the local community, estate agents offer investors a nuanced understanding of the urban fabric they are considering.
Future Visions – Anticipating Trends and Investment Prospects
In this section, estate agents don the hats of visionaries, offering glimpses into the future. Beyond the present-day features of properties, they illuminate investors on anticipated trends and investment prospects. From emerging development projects to the transformative impact of technological advancements, estate agents guide investors in making choices that resonate not just with the current market but align with the evolving landscape of Lincolnshire.
Section Conclusion: The Odyssey Unveiled – Estate Agents as Navigators of Property Investment
In conclusion, the Lincolnshire Property Odyssey is a revelation guided by estate agents who transcend the traditional roles of brokers. Each section of this odyssey exposes the multifaceted expertise of estate agents in Lincolnshire. They are not mere sellers of properties; they are navigators, cultural custodians, storytellers, and visionaries shaping the trajectory of property investment in Lincolnshire. The odyssey doesn't end with acquiring properties; it culminates in investing in a dynamic, evolving landscape where estate agents are the trusted companions on this journey of discovery and investment.
I am an accomplished tech writer with a passion for simplifying complex technology concepts. With a background in Tech, James has dedicated their career to making the intricacies of the digital world accessible to a broad audience.


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Nose ring, ornament inserted through different parts of the nose for personal adornment and used sometimes to signify social rank. Nose ornaments have been found especially among people in India, New Guinea, Polynesia, the pre-Columbian Americas, Australia, and parts of Africa.
Sometimes, the ala, or wing of the nose, and the septum are perforated. Often, only a small hole is made through the septum; but the hole can also be big enough for a finger to be passed through. Not only gold and jewels are worn in the nose: in New Guinea, especially among the Tuburi and the Solomon Islanders, the men wear great pointed sticks or the tusks of wild pig through holes in the nose.


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Have you ever pondered the color of snails? These captivating beings exhibit a broad spectrum of colors, encompassing vibrant and bold tones to demure and earthy hues. Familiarizing yourself with the distinct colors of snails can aid in the identification of various species and enhance your appreciation of these distinct creatures.
Snails are distinctive creatures, particularly known for their distinct shells, which can flaunt a plethora of colors and patterns. Some snail shells are adorned with solid colors while others exhibit stripes, spots, or intricate designs. Shell colors may also evolve over time, subject to factors such as diet, environment, and genetics. In addition to their shells, snail bodies embrace a range of colors from understated yellows and pinks to resonant browns and greens.
Whether you're a nature enthusiast or inquisitive about your surroundings, studying the colors of snails can be both intriguing and enlightening. Spanning from land snails to sea creatures, these remarkable beings display a rainbow of colors and patterns for discovery. So, the next time you sight a snail in your garden or during a nature walk, take some time to appreciate the beauty of its distinctive colors.
- Snails exhibit a broad range of colors and patterns, evident in both their shells and bodies.
- Understanding the coloration of snails enhances identification of diverse species and appreciation of their unique beauty.
- Snails, spanning from land to sea and freshwater species, exhibit a broad array of colors across different regions.
Discussing the Basics: Understanding Snail Coloration
The coloration of snails – a captivating facet of their biology – has drawn the attention of scientists and hobbyists alike. In this section, we delve into the basics of snail coloration – investigating the influence of genetics and the environment on shell color, discerning how color variations can serve camouflage and protection purposes, and more.
Introduction to the Biology of Snail Coloration
Often associated with their unique and stunning shells, snails exhibit an array of colors and patterns. The majority of snail species' shells primarily consist of calcium carbonate, giving them their signature hardness and durability. Shell colors, although largely genetically determined, can be influenced by external factors like diet, body temperature, and sunlight exposure.
Role of Genetics and Environmental Factors in Snail Shell Color
The coloration of a snail's shell is an intricate interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Genetics are responsible for the production of pigments including melanin and carotenoids which impart the shell's color. Meanwhile, factors like diet, temperature, and sunlight exposure may affect the genetic expression, resulting in variations of shell coloration among individual snails and across different populations.
How Color Variations Can Provide Camouflage and Protection from Predators
Color variations among snail shells can garner significant camouflage and protection from predators. Snails dwelling in environments with an abundance of brown vegetation may develop brown shells, facilitating assimilation with their surroundings to elude predator spotting. Similarly, snails residing in bright, open spaces may evolve brightly colored shells, making them conspicuous to potential predators and dissuading attacks.
Snail coloration, a complex yet riveting aspect of their biology, is a balance of genetic and environmental elements. Unveiling the role of these factors in determining shell coloration offers a deeper understanding and appreciation for the beauty and diversity of these extraordinary creatures.
The Wide Range of Land Snails
Distinctively known for the variety of colors and patterns on their shells, land snails abound in numerous species, each carrying its unique characteristic. This section takes an intimate look at some of the most vivid and peculiar snail species.
Peculiar Hues of the Grove Snail (Cepaea nemoralis) and Patterns of the Roman Snail
A popular land snail species in Europe, the grove snail (Cepaea nemoralis) boasts shells in an array of colors, including brown, pink, and yellow. Interestingly, shell coloration isn't a random manifestation. There exists a genetic rationale for shell color, with proportions of color morph variations within a population. Moreover, the shiny morphs demonstrate higher survival rates under extreme temperatures, while the duller morphs offer better camouflage against predators.
Contrarily, the Roman snail (Helix pomatia) – another popular European species – typically carries a brown shell with a light brown band encircling the outer layer. However, rare instances include snails with an entirely white shell, which are highly sought-after by collectors and protected in certain regions.
In-Depth Look at the Striped Purple Coloration of the Giant African Land Snail
Regarded as an invasive species, the giant African land snail (Achatina fulica) has unfortunately become a pest across the globe. Nonetheless, it's hard to deny that their striped purple shells are incredibly beautiful and striking. Presumed to serve as a warning signal to predators about their toxicity, these stripes imbue the snails with a vibrant and eye-catching appearance.
Discover the Vibrant Shells of the Cuban Land Snail (Polymita picta), Considered the World's Most Colorful Land Snail
With their shells painted in a plethora of bright colors – pink, orange, and green – the Cuban land snail (Polymita picta) takes the title of the world's most colorful land snail. Prized by collectors, these snails are under protection in their natural habitat. In fact, Cuban artist Daniel Ramos Gonzalez utilizes these snail shells to create beautiful pieces of jewelry.
Land snails, presenting a broad spectrum of colors and patterns, are fascinating creatures to study. Each species carries its unique characteristics, which make them extremely interesting, whether you're intrigued by the genetic basis of shell color or the bright coloration of the Cuban land snail; there's always something new to learn about these remarkable creatures.
Exploring the Depths: Colors of Sea Snails
From the distinctive Tyrian purple of the Murex snail to the remarkable hues exhibited by species of cowries, sea snails come in a variety of colors and patterns, fascinating marine biologists and beach explorers alike.
Discussion on the Tyrian Purple Produced by the Marine Snail, Murex
Famed for producing a distinctive purple dye, the Murex snail's secretion revolutionized the textile industry in ancient times. Known as Tyrian purple, this dye was favored for coloring the robes of royalty and denoted wealth and status. This color is secreted by a gland within the snail's body, which releases a mucous-like fluid that becomes purple upon contact with air and sunlight.
Diversity of Shell Colors Among Common Sea Snails Like the Conus
While Murex is renowned for its purple dye, various other sea snails demonstrate distinct shell colors and patterns. For instance, the Conus snail exhibits a range of shell hues – brown, yellow, and white – often accompanied by intricate patterns. Certain species of Conus snails are also known for producing a venom lethal to humans.
The Stunning Patterns and Hues of the Many Species of Cowries
Known for their unmistakable shell patterns and colors, cowries have been utilized as currency, jewelry, and even music instruments over centuries. The Cowrie's shells can exhibit a range of textures and colors from pale white to deep brown or black. Some species also boast intricate patterns and designs on their shells, making them a choice subject for collectors and artists.
Sea snails present a diverse array of colors and patterns. Whether it be the distinctive purple of the Murex snail or the elaborate designs of the Cowrie, these vibrant creatures are bound to grab your attention, whether you're a marine biologist or a casual oceanside explorer.
Diverse Tones of Freshwater Snails
Endowed with a vast range of colors – from light yellow and pink to gray or brown – freshwater snails may carry unique and vibrant hues due to factors such as breeding, environmental influences, and adaptive camouflage. This section explores some of the more popular freshwater snail species and their distinctive colors.
Discussion on the Unique Colors of Apple Snails (Pomacea diffusa) and Their Adaptive Camouflage
Commonly known as Pomacea diffusa, Apple snails are popular freshwater creatures kept as pets. While the natural color of these snails is typically brown, pet-bred snails may exhibit an array of colors, including pink, purple, green, red, and blue. A unique adaptive camouflage mechanism within these snails enables them to alter their shell color to align with their environment, making them less visible to predators.
Looking at the Visible Stripes and Patterns of Pond Snails
Another popular freshwater snail species, the pond snail sports light brown or yellow shells, while some species may carry visible stripes and patterns. Spiral stripes and purple stripes are the most common patterns found on Pond snails – assumed to result from genetic mutations and environmental factors.
Discuss the Light Striped Purple Coloration of the Infamous Mystery Snails
Also known as Pomacea bridgesii, the mystery snail is a popular freshwater aquarium breed. Renowned for unique and vibrant colors which include light striped purple coloration. This coloration is attributed to a genetic mutation that causes the snail to produce less melanin, resulting in a lighter shell color. Requiring calcium for maintaining healthy shells and preventing calcium deficiency, mystery snails are popular among observers using a citizen science approach to monitor calcium levels in aquatic environments.
To sum it up, freshwater snails exhibit a diverse range of colors – influenced by breeding, environmental factors, and adaptive camouflage. Understanding the color variations of freshwater snails fosters identification of different species and maintains their overall wellbeing.
Colors of Snails Across Different Regions
Snails embody a variety of colors and patterns, with shells that can exhibit genetic, diet, and environmental influences such as sunlight. Brought to light are the vast differences in shell colors of different snail species across a variety of regions.
Comparison of North American Species Shell Color to Snails from South America
North America hosts snails like the Garden Snail (Cornu aspersum) and the Milk Snail (Otala lactea) that are common finds. The Garden Snail carries a predominant brown to dark brown shell, while the Milk Snail sports a light brown to yellowish-


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==== History Timeline ====
Emphasis for this timeline is on events that affected migration, records, or record-keeping. Unless otherwise mentioned, the events below were taken from the Desha County page on the website, [_URL_ The Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture]. <ref>Charlotte Tillar Schexnayder, ''The Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture,'' (_URL_ : accessed January 13, 2016), "Desha County."</ref>
*1838 December 12 - Created by legislative act , Desha County was detached from Arkansas and Chicot counties.
*_PHONE_ - During the war, county records were moved by wagon to Richland Township and later to Clarksville, Texas. Some records were never recovered.
*1927 - Desha County's greatest tragedy came in the spring of 1927, when a flood inundated 478,000 acres after levee breaks occurred on the Arkansas and Mississippi rivers. Many of the county's 26,684 citizens were forced to flee to hill counties or to live on second floors, in tent cities, and in boxcars on the levee.
*_PHONE_ - The Drought of 1930–31 and the Great Depression, with unemployment over thirty percent, added to economic woes.
*_PHONE_ - The population of Desha County peaked in 1940 at just over 27,000. By 2010, it had dropped to 13,000.
=== History ===


Squish Box: Discovery at Home Toddler Time
What you need:
 - A large box
 - Pillows
 - A heavy blanket or comforter
 - A calm corner or quiet place to put the box
 - Optional: materials for decoration
 1. Find a box large enough for your toddler to fit comfortably inside with blankets and pillows.
 2. Turn the box upside down and cut a cubby hole to go in or out, or leave the box rightside up, with an open top.
 3. Let your toddler choose and arrange the necessary treasures that will "live" inside the squish box.
 4. Write the name of your toddler on the outside of the squishbox where it is large and visible.
 5. Let your toddler hang out in the box!
Ways to expand the activity:
 - The box can stay open at the top or it can be enlarged and covered to become a castle, fort, space rocket or a ship. The project can become a family affair as everyone teams up to help plan, create, build, and test the space.
 - Name your peace palace or hangout space. Everyone will want to visit!
 - Decorate the outside (or the inside!) of the squish box with Rip and Tear Toddler Art or markers
What do they learn?
 - Self regulation. This quiet space was personally designed and outfitted by and for your toddler. Let it become their go-to place for calming or quiet.
 - A squish box is a mini sensory room that can calm or stimulate depending on the need and body position.
Proprioceptive input or sensory processing. This is our body's ability to sense where we are in space. Our muscles and joints do the work and connect that awareness to our brain. This affects our self awareness, emotional safety and security.


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Care For Creation
For celebrating Creationtide mindfully in an age of environmental emergency, resources from the Iona Community's Common Concern Network on the Environment.
A collection of short stories told by vivid voices, charting the changing cycles and seasons of the year, and reflecting the liturgical patterns of the church and all the weathers of our hearts.
A new, smaller-format edition of Ewan Mathers' beautiful photographs depicting in detail the carvings of the restored cloisters of Iona Abbey, with text reflecting on the meaning of each design and information about the flora and fauna of the Isle of Iona and beyond, which most of the carvings represent. This use of symbols from the natural world reflects the close links of the early Celtic Christians with the land around them.
A book about the original Pearls of Life bracelet. There is a now a new version of the Pearls (available from Verbum Sweden at: _URL_ where one of the beads is a different colour, but most of this book is still relevant.
A book of reflections reaffirming the fundamental connection between belief in God and commitment to and awareness of God's world, and calling us to recommit ourselves to the way of love in our uncertain times.
Liturgies, meditations, reflections, prayers, poems etc that have been tried and tested with local congregations, often at ecumenical worship events. They celebrate the One who came to earth to live a fully human life, who understands what it is to be human. Material for Advent, Christmas, Epiphany, Lent, Holy Week, Easter, Pentecost and more.


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My life in the workhouse
1 January 2009Add to My Folder
Rated 4/5 from 41 ratings (Write a review)
A recount of a child's life in a typical Victorian workhouse, complete with a virtual tour. Children can click on hot spots to reveal labels, captions and further information and to hear sound effects.
Leaflet 1 and Leaflet 2 offer extracts from Berlie Doherty's novel and play Street Child, featuring a London workhouse. This on-screen resource can be used before or after the group reading sessions to explore the fact behind the fiction. It includes a virtual tour of a workhouse. Children can click on hot spots to reveal labels, captions and further information and to hear sound effects.
- What do the children know about workhouses? What do they expect to find in the text? What are their feelings about workhouses?
- Discuss how to navigate the text and what to click on first.
- Read the text together or read it in pairs/as a group/independently.
- Challenge the children to find specific information and to explain how they found it. Was the resource easy to use? How has the writer brought the information to life?
- Compare a daily workhouse routine with the school timetable.
- Compare the text with that in Leaflet 1 (from Street Child by Berlie Doherty). How does the purpose and language of each text differ?
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What combination of keys do I press to produce the command symbol (⌘) on Mac OS X?
(I copied the above symbol from _URL_
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If you like to add it to your non Unicode HTML-sources, you can use the following HTML-Command: ⌘ . fenon.de/… – R_User Nov 26 '13 at 20:11
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If you're just looking for the Unicode versions of Mac OS X keys, you can use this site to copy and paste them from the text box.
More generally, Mac OS X provides a pane to insert special characters. You'll typically find it under Edit -> Special Characters in any program that takes text input. The Command key symbol can be found under Symbols -> Technical Symbols. To insert the character, select it and click "Insert".
alt text
If you're really hardcore and are looking for a way to type the character by entering the Unicode hex code, this is possible:
 1. Go into System Preferences -> Language & Text -> Input Sources and check "Unicode Hex Input"
2. From the input source selector in the menu bar, select "Unicode Hex Input"
alt text
3. To enter a Unicode character, hold down option and type the 4-digit hex code for the character and it will be inserted. In this case, it would be option+2318.
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That's useful, thanks. But there's no way to type the character using the keyboard? – Daryl Spitzer Nov 16 '10 at 0:02
2
@Daryl There is, but it's a little complicated. I've edited my answer to include it. – Kyle Cronin Nov 16 '10 at 0:27
4
Wow, I was sure that would be some option-key way to type a . But there isn't! I just looked through every possible variation of the keyboard viewer and it's just... not... there! – Josh Dec 20 '10 at 23:55
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starting with Lion, to see the Technical Symbols in the Special Characters window you'll need to click into Settings to "Customize List..." and add it to your view. – rymo Jan 2 '13 at 19:03
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With the document open, place the cursor where you want the symbol, Open the Character Viewer as described above. Type "Place of Interest" in the character viewer search field. It shows up on at the bottom of the window. Double click it and it shows up where you placed your cursor. Save it to your favorites in the Character Viewer window to make it easier to find next time. This under OS 10.9.1 "Mavericks"
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If you have TextExpander, one can also make a snippet for it, ala Dr. Drang.
Abbreviation for typing ⌘
He also has a Keyboard Library with snippets for a host of keyboard symbols available.
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I also found it hard to find a straight answer for this, so I just went into System Preferences > Language & Text > Text and created a use symbol and text substitution option where when I type (cmd) it replaces it with the command symbol.
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"Turf-ism" can be defined as non-cooperation or conflict between organizations with seemingly common goals or interests. Whether over resources, recognition, or control, turf struggles can threaten coalition vitality. Traditionally, coalition leaders' response to turf struggles has been to ask coalition membership to "leave their hats at the door". However, The Tension of Turf: Making it Work for the Coalition takes a different approach to addressing turf issues.
Turf struggle implies the existence of valuable turf. Especially in the social work and public health arenas, groups have a deep belief in what they do, and they connect that with their core identity. While this passion may lead to turf battles, it is also the reason the group is willing to work with other organizations towards a larger goal. Rather than suppressing struggles, and thereby diminishing the importance of turf, coalition leaders must find ways to incorporate that passion into the overall collaborative effort. The Tension of Turf was developed as a tool to help practitioners working within coalitions to identify, address, and manage turf issues.
Successful coalitions learn to anticipate and validate turf issues as part of solidifying partnerships and gathering their full strength. Tension of Turf offers practical support for skillfully managing the dynamic tension that commonly arises when people collaborate. It helps coalitions derive authentic, constructive power from their varying perspectives, skills, and mandates.
Tension of Turf is the companion tool to our coalition-building guide, Developing Effective Coalitions: An Eight Step Guide.


Sex Advice
6 Ways To Use Heat To Banish Painful Sex and Make Pleasure…Hotter
Gabrielle Kassel
Photo: Getty Images/Jena Ardell
Hot. *Fire emoji*. Smokin'. Heat-conjuring words are often called upon to describe good sex, but what if actual heat had a pain-diminishing and pleasure-improving place in the bedroom? According to sex educators, it absolutely can: For vulva-owners who struggle with dyspareunia, or painful sex, heat can prove especially helpful strategy for claiming some real-deal pleasure.
"Heat can ramp up sexual pleasure because it ramps up circulation, which helps prep vaginal tissues and genital nerves for heightened sensation and pleasure," says somatic sex expert, Kiana Reeves sex and community educator with pleasure-product company Foria.
Vulva-owners with tight, aka hypertonic, pelvic floor muscles or vaginismus (painful contractions of the vaginal floor muscles), "may find that heat application helps the muscles soften, instead of keeping the body from fighting penetration," says Reeves. In many cases, she adds, heat application can be the difference between ouch and oooh.
Keep reading for 6 ways you can use heat as a painful sex remedy.
1. Hold a heating pad to your lower abdomen and pubic mound
Cramps—whether from a period or penetrative sex—are essentially aggressive muscle contractions and overactive muscles at work, says Reeves, who adds that the heat can help quell the associated pain. "For vulva-owners who experience cramping after penetration, placing a heating pad on their lower abdomen before, during and/or after can help," says Reeves.
2. Keep it classic with oral sex
Fun fact: Cunnilingus is a free, heat-producing act that can help minimize painful sex. "The heat a partner's mouth creates against your vulva during oral sex is actually enough in some cases to help the pelvic floor muscles relax," says Reeves. It can be called upon to prep the body for penetration or as the main sexual event.
3. Use a stainless steel or glass wand
Both these materials are great for temperature play because they hold heat (and coldness) well. "Warm your wand up under warm water, or let it sit in a bowl of warm water," says sex educator and sex-toy reviewer Indigo Wolfe. When you're ready to use it, press it against the back of your hand or inner lip to test the temperature and, from there, start slow.
"Use it or have your partner use it against your thighs, then pubic mound, then labia," says Wolfe. If you want to explore penetration, wait until your labia are engorged and are firm to the touch, because both are signs of arousal, says Reeves. And for some shopping inspiration, consider the nJoy Eleven, $400 or nJoy Pure Wand, $130.
4. Take a bath
"The warm water will help all your muscles, head-to-toe, relax," says Wolfe. "You even might try making the water a little warmer than you can normally handle to make your non-genital erogenous zones even more sensitive to touch," they say. (Just be mindful not to burn yourself.)
5. Explore vaginal steaming
Reeves says a number of the vulva-owners she's worked with who have hypotonic (or tight) pelvic-floor muscles have found vaginal steaming to be pain-relieving. "Think about the way shower steam relaxes your trap muscles after a longggg day of typing. Vaginal steaming is like that," she says, but just for, you know, your vagina, because the heat brings blood flow to tissues, which trains the muscles to relax.
6. Try CBD lube
While heat-use should never replace lube, Reeves says heat can support the body's natural lubrication process. "The heat draws blood flow to the vaginal tissues, which is part of the arousal response that tells the body to become lubricated," she says.
And while CBD lube is not a warming product itself, it may function similarly to heat application. "The primary benefits of using CBD lube are the same as the primary benefits of heat application: muscle relaxation and circulation promotion," says Reeves. For folks who are wary about (literally) turning up the heat on their vulva, CBD lube is a great alternative, she says. Just keep in mind that many CBD lubes (like Foria's Awaken, $48 and Privy Peach Intimate Oil, $45) are oil-based, meaning, they're not condom-compatible.
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Measuring Labor Markets in Canada and the United States
September 15, 2011
Labor markets are one of the most important components of an economy. They are the mechanism through which we allocate one of our most valuable and productive resources: human work, effort, creativity and ingenuity. Labor markets match human skills, supplied by individuals seeking to earn a living, with the demand for labor by firms, governments and households, says the Fraser Institute.
"Measuring Labor Markets in Canada and the United States: 2011 Edition" is the seventh installment in the Fraser Institute's ongoing research to assess the performance of labor markets and explain why results differ among jurisdictions. Indicators of labor performance such as job creation, unemployment and productivity are used to assess Canadian provincial and U.S. state labor market performance.
- Alberta topped the list of Canadian provinces and U.S. states for labor market performance over the last five years.
- The U.S. states in the West and the Midwest dominated the top of the rankings: three states from the West -- Alaska, Utah and Wyoming -- and two from the Midwest -- North Dakota and South Dakota -- were among the top
- Michigan scored the lowest of any jurisdiction.
- The lowest-ranked Canadian province was Prince Edward Island, occupying the 36th position.
- Regionally, the western Canadian provinces out-performed the other provinces.
Within the United States, the Western states performed well: three of which were among the top 10. On the other hand, four of the Midwestern states (Missouri, Ohio, Indiana and Michigan) were among the bottom 12 jurisdictions (three states were tied for the 49th place), as were six Southern states (Florida, Georgia, West Virginia, South Carolina, Alabama and Mississippi), one state from the Northeast region (Rhode Island) and one state from the West (California).
Source: Amela Karabegović, Alex Gainer and Niels Veldhuis, "Measuring Labor Markets in Canada and the United States," Fraser Institute, September 2011.
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In East End Road facing Squires Lane stands the mansion known as the
Finchley Manor House. The grandson of Sir Thomas Allen built the stately
house in 1723.
The Allen family had held the manor for about a century before the
Georgian house was erected. It then remained in their possession until the
early 19th century. After 1830 the buildings were used as a Catholic
School. They now form part of the Sternberg Educational and Cultural
To the rear of the property can be seen the remains of a moat. This was
part of the earlier manor of Bibsworth. This manor is thought to have been
the residence of Michael Tovey, who was Mayor of London from 1247-8. By
1418 the manor had passed to Edward Bibsworth from whom it obtained its
name. It was the largest manor in the parish and included fishponds that
can still be seen on the north side of East End Road.
Search the London archaeological Archive and Research Centre catalogues


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Editor's Note: After reading Helpful Products, Dangerous Toxins by Fatima Ramirez, reader Adriana Garcia wrote in to commend Fatima for her article. She suggested Fatima watch Bag It, a documentary about the impact of plastics on the environment, marine animals and human health. The following is Fatima's review of Bag It.
FATIMA RAMIREZ/Coachella Unincorporated
With a perfect blend of humor and eye-opening truth, Jeb Berrier sets out to discover the path a plastic bag takes once it's disposed. The documentary Bag It goes on to explore the awe-stricken moment Berrier experiences while purchasing a peach yogurt and carrying it home in a single plastic bag which he eventually throws away.
Such revelation proves to have an impact on Berrier, a self-proclaimed "average guy [who is] not what you consider a tree hugger." He begins to realize that not only plastic bags, but also plastic itself, is the most produced material and is essentially everywhere.
Berrier's normal-guy appeal serves to flawlessly entertain the audience while explaining hard-hitting facts and the repercussions of a plastic world. The film goes onto exploring the many aspects of plastic, from its manufacturing and distribution to its disposal and the many misconceptions that unknowingly come with it.
Read more at Coachella Unincorporated


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Landslides in Kenya: The need to set up early warning systems
University of Nairobi, Faculty of Science, Chiromo Campus, Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya.
: +254-2-449-233, Fax: +254-2-449-539
Landslides in Kenya have been on the increase in the recent past. This has both social and economic impacts, namely loss of life, agricultural land and crops as well as destruction of the infrastructure. The most vulnerable areas have been the following districts: Muranga, Kirinyaga, Nyeri, Meru, Kisii and Mombasa Island. These are areas with annual rainfall of over 1200 mm and steep slopes. Landslides are triggered by rapid saturation of the soil which in turn reduces cohesion, surface tension and friction. The recent El Niño rains (October 1997 to February 1998) have exacerbated the landslide hazards, thus calling for an urgent need to set up early warning systems in Kenya.
The paper discusses these phenomena and recommends systematic study and setting up of a monitoring system in the landslide prone areas in order to send early warnings of the impending disaster. Modern techniques such as the analysis of satellite imagery could be useful tools for investigation and monitoring of landslide hazards.


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Russia: Over 3 years, insurance companies paid almost 7 billion rubles to farmers in 50 regions for crop loss alone
Dried Common Pea
Innovation & Technology
Canola Seed & Rapeseed
Published Dec 6, 2023
The agricultural insurance system in Russia has compensated farmers for the loss of agricultural crops totaling almost 7.0 billion rubles in less than three years. The highest volume of insurance compensation was received by farmers in the Stavropol Territory, Samara Region, and regions in the Central Black Earth Region. Winter wheat, sunflower for grain, and corn for grain were the most compensated crops, with payments totaling billions of rubles.
Disclaimer: The above summary was generated by a state-of-the-art LLM model and is intended for informational purposes only. It is recommended that readers refer to the original article for more context.
"Agricultural insurers compensated losses to farmers from the loss of crops of 33 types of crops; in total, payments were made by 14 insurance companies," noted NIA President Korney Bizhdov. – In the structure of payments, the largest part falls on winter wheat - its loss is compensated in the amount of 2.25 billion rubles. The second most unprofitable crop is sunflower for grain; its loss was compensated to farmers in the amount of 1.8 billion rubles; in third position is corn for grain, 996 million rubles were paid. Losses of spring wheat were compensated by agricultural insurers in the amount of 309 million rubles, spring barley - 290 million rubles, peas - 217 million rubles, fodder beets - 175 million rubles, flax - 157 million rubles, soybeans - 149 million rubles, sugar beets - 124 million rubles. This payment structure is determined primarily by the preferences of farmers for insuring certain crops and the peculiarities of the implementation of agroclimatic risks - these ...


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Monday, May 30, 2016
Create a SQL Connection Stringusing text file
 1. On the computer that requires the connection string, create a new file with a file extension of .udl.
 1. To perform this task, you will have to be viewing file extensions. If you are unsure how to do that, seeHow To: View File Name Extensions.
 2. Create a new text file and then rename the three letter file extension .txt to .udl.
 - For example, if you create a file named ConnectionString.txt, just rename it to ConnectionString.udl.
 - The rest of these steps will assume that the file is actually named ConnectionString.udl. If you created another file name with a .udl file extension, that is fine, just substitute the appropriate name as needed in the following instructions.
 2. Right-click ConnectionString.udl that you just created and then click Properties.
 3. On the Connection tab, fill out the connection properties according to the server, authentication type, and database name that you need. This is typically something you would already know, but if you do not, you may have to contact the database administrator or go look at the database connection properties yourself. If you need help with that, check out the Server Management How To Pages .
 4. Click Test Connection. Hopefully it will succeed. If not, check the credentials, authentication type, and any firewalls (How to: Configure a Windows Firewall for Database Engine Access ) between servers.
 5. Click OK.
 6. Open the url file and inside you will find the connection string. For example, Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;Integrated Security=SSPI;Persist Security Info=False;InitialCatalog=FIMCertificateManagement;Data Source=FIMDC1 (as shown in the following figure).
 7. Remove Provider portion of the string. Using the example above, the connection string for the application would be: Integrated Security=SSPI;Persist Security Info=False;InitialCatalog=FIMCertificateManagement;Data Source=FIMDC1
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Mediterranean common dolphin sightings in Israel
The Mediterranean subpopulation of common dolphins Delphinus delphis, is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Redlist. As recently as 50 years ago, in the Mediterranean waters of Israel, short-beaked common dolphins were thought to be more common than bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus; a conclusion that was based mainly on stranding records. Today, common dolphin strandings are very rare in Israel reflecting their regional decline. However, encouraging news is that over the last few years, there have been repeated sightings of large groups (for the region i.e. 10-80 individuals) of short-beaked common dolphins in Israeli waters. The recent sightings occurred in the southern part of the region, and some were within the waters of the Gaza strip. Purse-seining in Gaza waters has declined substantially since Israel imposed a naval blockade and common dolphins may have responded to a resultant increase in prey abundance. It is hoped that cooperative research and conservation efforts will one day lead to the recognition of this region as one deserving of special conservation measures for common dolphins (and other cetaceans).
 Bodenheimer, F.S. 1960. Animal and man in bible lands. Collection de Travaux de l'Académie Internationale d'Histoire des Sciences, No 10. E.J. Brill, Leiden


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Loads an object of class Simulation. Note that dir gives the directory where the Simulation object is stored. Thus, if the working directory is different from the working directory when the Simulation object was created, then dir will be different from the one passed to new_simulation.
Usage
load_simulation(name, dir = ".")
Arguments
name
a short name identifier. Must be alphanumeric.
dir
directory that contains "files" directory for this simulation
Examples
sim <- new_simulation(name = "normal-example",
 label = "Normal Mean Estimation",
 dir = tempdir())
rm(sim)
sim <- load_simulation("normal-example", dir = tempdir())


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Numerical Simulation of the coupling efficiency for the light emitting from a commercially available ball-lens capped TO-can laser diode into a single-mode fiber (SMF) is reported. The alignment sensitivity of the coupling efficiency for this laser-to-lens-to-fiber optical configuration is investigated in detail. The result is useful for defining the design tolerances and assembly specifications of economic SMF pigtailed To-can laser diode packages. An optical simulation software package is used to compute the laser-to-lens-to-fiber coupling efficiency. By adjusting the nominal system parameters of the given optical configuration, the maximum coupling efficiency calculated from the best fitted simulation result being equal to 17.3% is obtained, which very well agrees with experimental result of ∼16%. However, it is a bit lower than that of previously reported. It is noticed that in the presence of the ball lens, the axial alignment sensitivity on the coupling efficiency is much relieved as compared to the butt-coupling configuration. However, the lateral alignment sensitivity is still very stringent. An experimental measurement is done on this optical system The alignment sensitivities of the coupling efficiency on both directions are obtained. The results are compared with that from the simulation. A very good fit of the data onto simulated curve can be obtained by adjusting some of the critical system parameters.


Nominalization Explained
In linguistics, nominalization or nominalisation is the use of a word which is not a noun (e.g., a verb, an adjective or an adverb) as a noun, or as the head of a noun phrase, with or without morphological transformation. The term refers, for instance, to the process of producing a noun from another part of speech by adding a derivational affix (e.g., the noun legalization from the verb legalize).[1]
Some languages simply allow verbs to be used as nouns without inflectional difference (conversion or zero derivation), while others require some form of morphological transformation. English has cases of both.
Nominalization is a natural part of language, but some instances of it are more noticeable than others. Writing advice sometimes focuses on avoiding overuse of nominalization.
In various languages
Two types of nominalization are found in English. One type requires the addition of a derivational suffix to create a noun. In other cases, English uses the same word as a noun without any additional morphology. This second process is referred to as zero-derivation.
With derivational morphology
This is a process by which a grammatical expression is turned into a noun phrase. For example, in the sentence "Combine the two chemicals," combine acts as a verb. This can be turned into a noun via the addition of -ation, as in "The experiment involved the combination of the two chemicals."
Examples of nouns formed from adjectives:
Examples of nouns formed from verbs:
An especially common case of verbs being used as nouns is the addition of the suffix -ing, known in English as a gerund.
With zero-derivation
Some verbs and adjectives in English can be used directly as nouns without the addition of a derivational suffix. Some examples include:
In addition to true zero-derivation, English also has a number of words which, depending on subtle changes in pronunciation, are either nouns or verbs. One such type, which is rather pervasive, is the change in stress placement from the final syllable of the word to the first syllable (see Initial-stress-derived noun).
An additional case is seen with the verb use, which has a different pronunciation when used as a noun.
In some circumstances, adjectives can have nominal use, as in the poor to mean poor people in general. See nominalized adjective.
Other Indo-European languages
Many Indo-European languages have separate inflectional morphology for nouns, verbs, and adjectives, but often this is no impediment to nominalization, as the root or stem of the adjective is readily stripped of its adjectival inflections and bedecked with nominal inflections—sometimes even with dedicated nominalizing suffixes. For example, Latin has a number of nominalization suffixes, and some of these suffixes have been borrowed into English, either directly or through Romance languages. Other examples can be seen in German—such as the subtle inflectional differences between deutsch (adj) and Deutsch (noun) across genders, numbers, and cases—although which lexical category came first may be moot. Spanish and Portuguese, whose o/os/a/as inflections commonly mark both adjectives and nouns, shows a very permeable boundary as many roots straddle the lexical categories of adjective and noun (with little or no inflectional difference).
In all varieties of Chinese, particles are used to nominalize verbs and adjectives. In Mandarin, the most common is 的 de, which is attached to both verbs and adjectives. For example, 吃 chī (to eat) becomes 吃的 chīde (that which is eaten). Cantonese uses 嘅 ge in the same capacity, while Minnan uses ê.
Two other particles, found throughout the Chinese varieties, are used to explicitly indicate the nominalized noun as being either the agent or patient of the verb being nominalized. 所 (suǒ in Mandarin) is attached before the verb to indicate patient, e.g. 吃 (to eat) becomes 所吃 (that which is eaten), and 者 (zhě in Mandarin) are attached after the verb to indicate agent, e.g. 吃 (to eat) becomes 吃者 (he who eats). Both particles date from Classical Chinese and retain limited productivity in modern Chinese varieties.
There are also many words with zero-derivation. For instance, 教育 jiàoyù is both verb (to educate) and noun (education). Other cases include 变化 biànhuà (v. to change; n. change), 保护 bǎohù (v. to protect; n. protection), 恐惧 kǒngjù (v. to fear; n. fear; adj. fearful), etc.
In Vietnamese, nominalization is often implicit with zero derivation, but in formal contexts or where there is a potential for ambiguity, a word can be nominalized by prepending a classifier. Vietnamese: {{wt|vi|sự|Sự and Vietnamese: {{wt|vi|tính are the most general classifiers used to nominalize verbs and adjectives, respectively. Other nominalizing classifiers include Vietnamese: {{wt|vi|đồ, Vietnamese: {{wt|vi|điều, and Vietnamese: {{wt|vi|việc.
Nominalization is a pervasive process across Tibeto-Burman languages. In Bodic languages nominalization serves a variety of functions, including the formation of complement clauses and relative clauses.[2]
Japanese grammar makes frequent use of nominalization (instead of relative pronouns) via several particles such as の no, もの mono and こと koto.
In Hawaiian, the particle ʻana is used to nominalize. For example, "hele ʻana" is Hawaiian for "coming." Hence, "his coming" is "kona hele ʻana."
Zero-derivation in other languages
A few languages allow finite clauses to be nominalized without morphological transformation. For instance in Eastern Shina (Gultari) the finite clause [mo buje-m] 'I will go' can appear as the nominalized object of the postposition [-jo] 'from' with no modification in form:
See also
Notes and References
 1. Kolln, M. 1998, Rhetorical Grammar: Grammatical Choices, Rhetorical Effects, p.63
 2. De Lancey. Scott. 2002. Relativization and Nominalization in Bodic. Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: Special Session on Tibeto-Burman and Southeast Asian Linguistics. 55–72.


Build a Low Cost Wheeled Robot Toy
Introduction: Build a Low Cost Wheeled Robot Toy
About: Just a hobbyist...
In this instructable, lets make a simple low cost wheeled robot toy that you can make for yourself or your kids. I can guarantee you, your kids will remember it for life that you made a toy for them. Toy will look something like attached image and you will drive it through a controller with two switches.
Let's get started.
To make a wheeled robot, you are going to need following parts.
 1. A chassis or body to hold everything together.
 - We will use cardboard for this purpose, this will also help us in keeping the cost low.
 2. Wheels and motor to drive them, this includes balance or castor wheels(it is third wheel that provide balance to the robot).
 3. A motor driver to interface motors with rest of the electronics safely.
 4. Batteries and power regulators.
 - We will use 6 AA battery cells to power this toy and we will need a cell holder.
Step 1: Video
Take a look at quick fun video for the view of complete process.
Step 2: First Create the Body
The body holds the robot together, it is fundamental to the decision of how robot is made. We will be using cardboard as the body/chassis of toy as it is cheap and easily available.
Here are little steps to create body for the toy-
 1. Cut a cardboard to the dimension of 11 cm by 13 cm, you can use simple paper cutter or a scissor.
 2. If not already done purchase 2 plastic gear DC motor using link in the supplies.
 3. Use any adhesive like hot glue or Fevicol to adhere plastic gear motors to the cardboard, paste them towards the edges of one side with motor axis pointing outside as shown in attached image or video in previous step.
 4. Use adhesive to paste castor wheel at the center of tow motors at the opposite end, as shown in the attached image.
 5. Attach wheels to the shaft of motors, shafts are tapered on side for wheels to fit properly.
That's it, this should make one strong cheap body for the toy.
Step 3: Power for the Toy
Robot needs power for the motors to function. DC motor i.e. Direct Current motor gets actuated once a constant voltage is applied between its terminals. If the terminals are reversed, motor reverses its direction.
We will use 6 AA battery cells to power up this toy, get yourself a 6 AA battery cell holder with a DC jack and place 6 AA cells in it. You should get a voltage of around 9 volt across this battery holder.
Step 4: Power on the Body
Follow below mentioned steps to attach battery pack to the body of the toy.
 1. Paste double sided tape on the back of battery pack.
 2. Peal off the cover on double sided tape and paste the battery pack towards the motor end of the toy.
 3. Cut a small cardboard of the size of battery pack.
 4. Paste double sided tape on one side of the small cardboard.
 5. Peal off the cover on double sided tape and paste the cardboard on top of the battery pack.
Step 5: Motor Controller
Motor controller allows us to control the motor i.e. it helps us stop and move the motor. There are many DC motor control modules available in market. They tend to have two channels to control 2 motors. Cheap ones tend to be based on L293D chips. We will be using an L293D based break out module for this purpose and attach a female barrel jack. Attached images contain the schematic and implementation of the same using a breadboard and the driver module. You will need few male to female jumper wires to implement the circuitry.
Once the circuit is implemented, Use a double sided tape to adhere driver module on top of the battery pack. Put a double sided tape under small bread board too.
Step 6: Connect Motors to the Driver
Motor driver will have contact points for connecting to motors, normally they are in the form of screw terminal. Connect motor to the driver module and secure them using a screw driver.
Step 7: Remote for the Toy (part 1/2)
To drive around the toy car we need a remote. For this toy car we will design a wired remote. Follow below mentioned steps to create parts of the remote.
 1. Get 4 wires of at-least 1 meter in length.
 2. Peal off their ends using a wire stripper.
 3. Attach them to a Single Pole Single Throw switch.
 4. Use solder to secure the connections.
Step 8: Remote for the Toy (part 2/2)
Once the switch is connected to long wires.
 1. Cut out a piece of cardboard to look like a house with 2 windows of the size of switch.:)
 2. Pass switch wires through these holes.
 3. Fix switches in the holes.
Once done connect switch to the bread board according to the attached schematic and power up the toy by connecting battery pack to the motor driver.
Step 9: Thats It
Your toy is ready, play with it and let me know how was the experience.
let me know if you have any doubts.
Thanks for reading and happy making.
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Commune Agro-ecosystems in Cambodia, a Guidance Manual
Commune Agroecosystems Analysis (CAEA) is a participatory analysis methodology used by the Department of Agricultural Extension to identify and prioritize agricultural development needs at the commune level. This manual provides a step-by-step procedure to implement CAEA
- Access: Open Access;
- Item Link: Source URL
- Citation: Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE), Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF), Cambodia and CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and food (CPWF). 2012. Commune Agroecosystem Analysis in Cambodia: A Guidance Manual. Phnom Penh, Cambodia: Ministry of Agriculture, forestry and fisheries, Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE); Colombo, Sri Lanka: CGIAR Challenge program on Water and food (CPWF). 118p.
- Tags: Mekong, Cambodia,


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The world's scientific community has declared there are just 12 years left to prevent 1.5 degrees warming and that warming beyond 1.5 degrees could result in ecological collapse.
Vet Sustain recognises that the world is experiencing a climate crisis requiring an urgent and rapid global response, together with a fundamental and sustained shift in our behaviours at a personal and societal level. We need systemic, concerted action to save ourselves, our animals and the diverse wild plant and animal species that are in decline as a result of human activity. Veterinary professionals are uniquely placed, with our multidisciplinary skill sets, to contribute to the solutions that are required to tackle the climate crisis.
Vet Sustain believes that the global veterinary profession should declare a climate emergency – will you join us?
"We can do more. Veterinary professionals occupy an extraordinary niche at the human-animal-environment interface that we can leverage to drive progress."
Laura Higham, Vet Sustain Founder & Coordinator


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Claudia Lückert
Dr. Ruojun Huang (Universität Münster): Coagulation under environmental noise, and its consequence
Wednesday, 23.11.2022 14:15 im Raum M5
Mathematik und Informatik
Environmental noise in a continuum interacting particle system is a space-dependent noise acting simultaneously on all particles. In a joint work with Franco Flandoli, we prove that a system of locally interacting diffusions carrying discrete masses, subject to an environmental noise and undergoing mass coagulation, converges to a system of Stochastic Partial Differential Equations, with Smoluchowski-type nonlinearity. It opens the door to showing diffusion enhancement and ultimately coagulation enhancement under such a noise. Our study is motivated by the question whether a turbulent velocity field in the atmosphere accelerates rain droplets merging and favors rain. Our original model is too crude for this purpose and in subsequent work with Flandoli and Andrea Papini, we propose a modified model that includes also velocity variable, leading to a kinetic-type PDE. Numerically we demonstrate that, in our context, the more intense is the noise, the faster masses coagulate.
Angelegt am 02.11.2022 von Claudia Lückert
Geändert am 04.11.2022 von Claudia Lückert
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Kolloquium der angewandten Mathematik


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If you purchase this product you will earn 149 Points!
Euthanasia has been hotly debated over the years because it forms part of a complex of ethical issues relating to the end of human life, all of which are worthy of attention. This book provides an exposition of the position of the National Council of Churches of Singapore (NCCS) on euthanasia. It serves as a primer for pastors, church leaders and Christians who wish to understand the Christian response to this important issue.
Part One defines euthanasia, analyses the different types of euthanasia and gives a brief history of euthanasia. Part Two presents the NCCS' case against euthanasia. Finally, in Part Three, the possible impact that legalised euthanasia may have on our society is examined.
ISBN 13: _PHONE_-0
ISBN 10: _PHONE_-1
181 by 118mm