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On Thursday, doctors warn the heat wave this week will likely send more people to the emergency room.
Temperatures are expected to climb to 107 degrees by the weekend.
Kaiser Roseville emergency room doctor Joseph Morris told KCRA 3 it's important for everyone to stay hydrated with water and not sugary drinks.
People are encouraged to take plenty of breaks in the shade.
Children and the elderly are most at risk for heat exhaustion.
Dr. Morris said if a person stops sweating, it's a sign they are in serious trouble, and their kidneys can fail.
Every year a handful of people die of heat exhaustion or heat stroke in the Sacramento area.
Doctors said even people in swimming pools need to stay hydrated by drinking water because water doesn't penetrate into the skin.
People experiencing heat exhaustion symptoms like cramping, nausea,and vomiting should call 911 immediately.


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Two of Hawthorne Fine Art's newest additions illustrate the experimental changes yet steadfast spirituality of Douglas Arthur Teed's oeuvre. Teed's career developed during important transitions from Hudson River School landscape painting, through Tonalism and Impressionism, and even touched on Symbolist and early twentieth century Modernist trends. Teed studied in both the United States and Europe, and traveled in northern Africa and India, experiencing both emerging artistic movements and "exotic" locations that contributed to his late-career Orientalist subjects. Maple Sugar (1883) demonstrates the artist's transition from finely detailed, carefully observed Hudson River School style to quickly rendered Barbizon-inspired Tonalism. Italian Landscape (1917) is a late work that revives Teed's earlier Tonalist paintings that were widely successful. Most importantly, both works capture Teed's intense Romanticism and reverence for nature. The range of Teed's oeuvre as it spanned the transition from Romanticism to Modernism makes the artist a remarkable figure in American landscape painting
Douglas Arthur Teed was born on February 21, 1860 in New Hartford, NY (near Utica) to Fidelia M. Rowe and Cyrus R. Teed. Growing up, Teed was surrounded by his father's spiritual fervor. Cyrus Teed developed a following in New York, and eventually left his family to found a religious sect in Florida called Koreshan Unity. Although Douglas Teed never converted to Koreshanity like his father, these ideas of spirituality were reflected in his mystical and sometimes mysterious works, especially later in his career. Douglas Teed generally had an idealistic perception of the world, and he believed in the spirituality found in God-created nature. The artist thought paintings should be more than aesthetically pleasing; they should create an allegory for this spirituality.
Teed began painting as a young boy, and opened his first studio at age 14. His work always focused on a Romantic depiction of nature, stemming from the Hudson River School tradition that was so prevalent in New York State. When his mother died, Teed went to live in Binghamton, New York, where he built a studio (1889). Teed's early technique living in upstate New York focused on delicate, faithful representations of nature based on the artist's own close observation of his subjects. However, Teed also spent time in the studio of George Inness, most likely in the early 1880s. Inness was a convert to the Barbizon movement that originated in France in and near Fontainebleau, and focused heavily on Swedenborgian spirituality as reflected in the peace and harmony of nature. HFA's Homeward Bound from 1865 is a striking example of Inness's early transition to Tonalism.
After working with George Inness and experiencing Inness's transition to American Barbizon painting, Teed painted Maple Sugar (1883). This charming image of a forest interior that nearly qualifies as genre painting captures Teed's close observation of nature in the texture of the tree bark and the hazy atmosphere of the snowy forest on a dreary winter day. However, the thick impasto that appears in the tree trunks and in the dash of white snow on the roof of the cabin reveals the influence of Inness's more rapid paint application in the Tonalist manner. Despite this move toward a Tonalist manner of painting, Teed still infuses this composition with his Romantic sensibility and reverence for nature. The monumental size of the trees dwarfs the figures and cabin, sheltering them in a cathedral-like embrace, while the subject of extracting resources from the environment alludes to a harmony between man and nature.
In 1890, Douglas Teed traveled to Italy for further study. The artist attempted classical depictions of the Roman Compagna, but also conveyed his Romantic sensibility through Tonalist depictions of the Italian landscape. While in Europe, Teed attended the Universal Expositions in both Paris (1891) and Munich (1892) where he would have viewed contemporary European paintings, and paintings by Americans living in Europe. After this, Teed eventually began incorporating Impressionist techniques into his manner of painting. One critic described Teed's paintings in 1905: "Mr. Teed's landscapes are said to recall the soft effects of Corot, though his style is so original that it would hardly be correct to speak of any other artist. His genre work is superb, and whether he finds inspiration in the warm tones of Southern Europe or the cooler tints of the more temperate zones, his work displays the same qualities of breadth and individuality."
In 1897, Teed married Ms. George E. C. Earle and moved to Hallstead, PA, where he built a studio (referred to by neighbors as "Teed's Castle") overlooking the Susquehanna River. Between 1907 and 1911 Douglas and George Teed visited Egypt, Morocco, India, and Algeria, where the artist developed his interest in Orientalism. Teed had already created Orientalist works based on reproductions of paintings by European Orientalists, but after this trip he began creating his own original Orientalist paintings. These paintings combine this Romantic and exotic perception of Africa and the Near East with Impressionist painting techniques, since Teed had never trained in the academic painting style.
For the remainder of his career, Teed continued to experiment with different painting styles, always infusing his subjects with a sense of mysticism. In 1917, the year Italian Landscape was painted, George Earl Teed died, resulting in Douglas Teed's relocation to Detroit. Despite his personal loss, Teed was financially successful in Detroit, selling his paintings for high prices to wealthy industrialists. His buyers preferred established art forms like Tonalism and Impressionism, manners in which Teed continued to work. Italian Landscape is an example of the Barbizon-inspired Italian landscapes Teed began painting after his trip to Italy in 1890, yet it is dated much later. Teed managed to balance experimental and highly mystical paintings with more widely accepted manners throughout the changing artistic movements in the early twentieth century. Italian Landscape, therefore, is a later example of Teed's devotion to a Romantic manner of painting that captured a divine sense of harmony in nature. In this image, the sun hangs low over the horizon line, bathing the landscape in a glowing light and silhouetting the distant Italian architecture. A lone figure stands in the middle ground taking in the scene while simultaneously becoming a part of nature to the painting's viewer.
Teed continued to paint subjects related to his foreign travels throughout his career, leading one writer to ask the artist if he found it difficult to remember the details. Teed responded, "On the contrary, I have a much better perspective now of what I saw there. Also, as the superfluous details leave my memory, the really important ones stand out all the more clearly." Interestingly, Thomas Cole (_PHONE_), the founder of the Hudson River School of landscape painting, made a similar argument almost a century earlier. Cole stated, "…I never succeed in painting scenes, however beautiful, immediately on returning from them. I must wait for time to draw a veil over the common details, the unessential parts, which shall leave the great features, whether the beautiful or the sublime dominant in the mind." These similar attitudes to the profound effects of nature and subject matter connect Douglas Teed's constantly developing style with the foundation of American Romanticism as put forward by Thomas Cole and the first generation of Hudson River School artists.
 Lucie Page Borden, "Distinguished Artist at Estero," The Flaming Sword (May 30, 1905): 14; Quoted in Pamela Beecher, Douglas Arthur Teed: An American Romantic, _PHONE_ (Elmira, NY: Arnot Art Museum, 1982), 28.
 Velmas Stevens Hitchcock, "Color, Clay and Crafty," Club Woman, Vol. 19 (September, 1926): 25; Quoted in Beecher, 31.
 Cole to Asher B. Durand, Catskill, 4 January 1838, NYSL; quoted in Noble, The Life and Works of Thomas Cole, 185.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Description - A Dream Play by August Strindberg
In Strindberg's A Dream Play, written in 1901, characters merge into each other, locations change in an instant and a locked door becomes an obsessively recurrent image. As Strindberg himself wrote in his Preface, he wanted -to imitate the disjointed yet seemingly logical shape of a dream. Everything can happen, everything is possible and probable. Time and place do not exist.- Caryl Churchill's spare and resonant new version was first staged at the National Theatre, London, in a production by Katie Mitchell, where A Dream Play was called -fresh, new and magical- (Telegraph). Caryl Churchill has written for the stage, television and radio. A renowned and prolific playwright, her plays include Cloud Nine, Top Girls, Far Away, Drunk Enough to Say I Love You?, Bliss, Love and Information, Mad Forest and A Number. In 2002, she received the Obie Lifetime Achievement Award and 2010, she was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame. August Strindberg (_PHONE_) was a novelist and playwright from Stockholm, Sweden. His plays include Miss Julie, The Father, To Damascus, A Dream Play, and The Pelican. In 1912 Strindberg's birthday was marked by a torchlight procession through Stockholm, where his radical journalism had earned him the title of 'people's writer.'
Buy A Dream Play by August Strindberg from Australia's Online Independent Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Format: Paperback / softback
(197mm x 130mm x 5mm)
Theatre Communications Group
Publisher: Theatre Communications Group
Country of Publication:
Other Editions - A Dream Play by August Strindberg
Book Reviews - A Dream Play by August Strindberg
Author Biography - August Strindberg
August Strindberg (_PHONE_) is best-known for his misogyny and as the author of Miss Julie (1889). His first success came as a novelist and autobiographer. His plays (and he wrote over sixty) were deeply controversial in their time and still are to some extent. They range form bold naturalism (e.g. The father, 1887) to an entralling expressionism (e.g. The Ghost Sonata, 1907). Caryl Churchill (1938-) is probably the most respected woman dramatist in the English-speaking world. She is the author of some twenty plays including Light Shining in Buckinghamshire, Cloud Nine, Top Girls, Serious Money, The Skriker, Blue Heart, Far Away and A Number, seen and admired all over the world.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Supreme court of the apostolic Signature
The court appeared at the 13th century, it then gathers the rapporteurs (called "chief clerks") charged to prepare the signature by the Pape of the petitions and the particular causes. Eugene III sets it up in stable office at the 15th century, then Pie X, within the framework of its reform of the canonical Droit at the beginning of the 20th century, in fact a court of last spring.
At present, its operation is governed by the apostolic Constitution Pastor no-claims bonus of 1988: the TSSA knows litigations of nullity (Cassation), recourse against the sentences of Rote and the conflicts of competence. It is one of the courts known as "of the apostolic Seat".
The TSSA consists of cardinal named by the Pape. It is directed by a prefect, assisted of a secretary and an under-secretary. Of 1999 with 2004, the prefect was the cardinal Mario Francesco Pompedda, former senior of the court of the Rote Roman; it is replaced since 2004 by the cardinal Agostino Vallini.
- Rote apostolic Roman
|Random links:||Surface of Brazil and its States | Kildare | Nicolas Prost | Gaggi | Renaud Verley | Explosif_nucléaire|

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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A dose of fetish. Good friends. An incomparable muse.
State of Emergency
Manqué (adjective). having failed, missed, or fallen short, especially because of circumstances or a defect of character; unsuccessful; unfulfilled or frustrated (usually used post positively).
Use at least 10 of the words to create a story or poem
The words can appear in an alternate form
Use the words in any order that you like.
Tag: Mindlovemisery's Menagerie and Wordle
Ping or leave your link in the comments below


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Mammoth Lakes' Beginnings: The Historic Knight Water Wheel
Jul 14, 2021
Like many western mountain towns, the first Europeans to settle in the Mammoth Lakes area were drawn by wealth locked deep within the expansive landscape. Gold was discovered in the vicinity of Old Mammoth in 1877 and thousands of men rapidly flocked to the region in the hopes of striking it rich. Today, evidence of these industrious pioneers remains throughout Old Mammoth and no object is able to tell the story of Mammoth's early history better than the historic Knight water wheel.
The photogenic Knight water wheel, located along Old Mammoth Road, is a preserved remnant of Mammoth Lakes' industrial beginnings. Now positioned in the quaking aspen adjacent to the paved bike path, this cast iron water wheel has a row of spoon-shaped buckets (Pelton-style) and was a technological marvel in its time. This innovative turbine design allowed late 19th-century industry to generate more power with less water. Previous water wheel designs were inefficient, cumbersome, and required sources providing high volumes of water.
The History of Mammoth's Knight Water Wheel
Due to the design's practicality, Mammoth's Knight water wheel has a very unique history. The wheel was originally manufactured by the Knight Foundry, located in Sutter Creek, California, in the mid-1870's and was hauled from the Mojave area to the Mammoth Lakes Basin by mule and oxen team.
The water wheel was in operation by 1878, when General George S. Dodge consolidated several mining claims into the Mammoth Mining Company and constructed a large 20 stamp mill. The massive mill, located in the former mining camp of Mill City, required a significant source of energy to process the gold and silver ore extracted from the depths of Red Mountain.
In order to power the mill, the Knight wheel was fed by water sourced at Twin Lakes and carried by almost two miles of covered ditch skirting Panorama Dome. This engineering marvel saw little use, as the Mammoth Mining Co. went bankrupt in 1880 and was later sold at Sheriff's auction. Remnants of the 20 stamp mill structure stood until 1929 when it was completely destroyed by fire.
A second boom of mining activity occurred in the Old Mammoth area throughout the late 1890's and in￼ 1898, Bishop physician, Dr. Guy Doyle had the water wheel shipped uphill from Mill City to Old Mammoth. The wheel was immediately put to use driving a new 10 stamp mill with water channeled in wooden sluices from near the outlet of Lake Mary. This investment did not pay off as the mining district quickly went bust and the mill closed shortly after construction.
In 1902, the heavy wheel was transported by timber sled and mule team from Old Mammoth to its present location near Mammoth Creek. This site is the location of the former Wildasinn Hotel and Mammoth Camp Lodge and the water wheel was utilized to generate electricity for the blossoming mountain resort throughout the 1920's. One of the hotel's original log cabins remains today nestled in the trees behind the water wheel.
Exploring the Past in Old Mammoth
Aside from the Knight water wheel, evidence of Mammoth's turn of the century industrial complex is present at Mill City, near the top of Old Mammoth Road. A short hiking trail beginning at the old stone pump house leads to the former Mammoth Mining Co. mill site. Other than old building foundations, the only remaining remnant of the massive mill is the twenty-foot diameter cast iron flywheel and its stone and masonry base.
Topographically above the mill site and paralleling the Panorama Dome hiking trail, the entire course of the hand-dug ditch used to carry water from Twin Lakes is well preserved. The small wooden bridge near the southeast end of the Panorama Dome trail spans the original mill feeder channel used to supply gravity charged water to the Knight wheel.
These historic remains can be appreciated throughout the year by foot or by snowshoe and for a trail map and information on the conditions around Old Mammoth, contact the local U.S. Forest Service office at the Mammoth Lakes Welcome Center. For additional information, the public library in Mammoth Lakes has a great collection of historical references describing past life in Old Mammoth.


Quick Answer: What Does Code Purple Mean In Hospital?
What is code gold in a hospital?
- Code GoldBomb Threat.
- Code Gray-Patient AMA..
What does code blue mean police?
What is a code 100?
A message announced over a hospital's public address system warning of. (1) A bomb threat. (2) A mass casualty, likely to exceed 20 people.
What does falling star mean in a hospital?
"We adopted a yellow falling star to symbolize patients who are considered "high risk" for falls. A poster with falling stars is placed at the head of the bed of these patients so that all members of the health-care team are aware of the risk.
What does code yellow mean in a hospital?
internal emergencyAlso found in: Idioms. A message announced over a hospital's public address system alerting the staff and the need to prepare for: (1) A pending emergency or external disaster—e.g., multitrauma, major effects of storm, etc. (2) An internal emergency.
What is code purple in a nursing home?
Code Pink / Code Purple– Missing Child. Code Pink denotes a missing child in health care facilities. However, Code Purple may be used in conjunction with Code Pink to provide additional direction and information regarding an abduction.
What does Code Pink mean in a hospital?
What does Code Green in hospital mean?
In 1997, KKH established a protocol named < Code Green > for extremely urgent Caesarean section ("crash" CS).
What does Code Purple in ER mean?
What is Code Bravo at hospital?
What is code zero in a hospital?
When a patients Code is absent or aborted, the patient left to die. … Code 0 is used for DNR, although you rarely hear it said – hospitals often use colors, numbers and codes of their own for different situations.
What is a Code 3 ambulance?
What do the codes mean in the hospital?
What is code orange in a hospital?
A Code Orange is used to respond safely and effectively to a disaster external to the hospital that is likely to increase the capacity and use of hospital resources. … Mass casualty incidents external to the hospital.
What is Code Purple in school?
Code Purple: Bomb/Chemical or Biological Threat.
What is a code white at a hospital?
What is a code purple at Walmart?
What is Code Purple in labor and delivery?
a. A Code Purple must be activated for any obstetrical emergency (e.g., obstetrical hemorrhage, emergency delivery section, Eclamptic seizure) to activate an emergency for additional personnel.


Bursting Discs, Burst Indication, Static Mixers, Heat Exchanger.
Heat capacity – The relationship between the heat supplied to a body and the temperature rise resulting thereof is called the heat capacity C of the body:
C = d Q / d T
The unit of the heat capacity is J/K.
The specific heat capacity c [J/m*K; J/m²*K; J/kg*K; …], often abbreviated to specific heat or also inaccurately referred to as heat capacity, is a thermodynamic chemical property. It measures the capacity of a material to store thermal energy.
To design a heat exchanger, the specific heat capacities both of the medium to be tempered and the tempering medium is of decisive importance as this allows, amongst others, to calculate the corresponding volume flows.
Heat exchanger – The transfer of thermal energy from one material flow to another takes place in a suitable appliance, the heat exchanger.
STRIKO heat exchangers are specially designed to temper viscous to highly viscous media – reliably and smoothly up to a viscosity range of 500,000 mPas. This is made possible thanks to the S-Helical technology patented by STRIKO, by means of which the medium to be tempered is kept in constant motion and rearranged from the centre of the tube to the tube wall and back, a procedure which prevents fouling and improves efficiency.
Holder (inlet and outlet part) – The use of bursting discs in bursting disc holders ensures the reliable functioning of the bursting discs. In the holder, the metallic sealing gasket between the bursting disc and the holder inlet part is established – either by using the screws of the flange connection (standard holder) or by the four high-strength screws integrated into the pre-loaded holder. The holders are usually designed in common high-grade steels like 1.4571 or in special materials like Hastelloy®. For graphite bursting discs, holders made of graphite, special materials or even stainless steel with PTFE-coating are used.


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Here is another example of how teachers are creating "playful" spaces for authentic writing experiences in their classrooms.
Children's Writing Shapes their Play Narratives
Three young girls brought some writing materials to the tables (along the wall) in the corner of the classroom. They each set up a "work station" at the table and began to stock their stations with wooden blocks. As they did this, they also wrote some names/letters/lines/shapes on their papers. One girl announced that the blocks were "medicine" and soon these stations became "pharmacies" and the blocks were pretend medicine that they had to organize. They gathered the medicine (blocks), they took notes, and talked about doctors and patients.
With this type of writing-play scenario …
We noticed teachers:
- provide writing materials for children in the classroom
- remain observers of the children's play
We observed students:
- bring writing materials to the play area
- write independently as they talk and play with peers
- integrate writing into their play
- shape their play around the writing


Java Start Parameters
You can use this dialogue box to enter optional start parameters for the Java runtime environment (JRE). The settings that you specify in this dialogue box are valid for any JRE that you start.
To access this command...
Choose - LibreOffice - Advanced.
Java Start parameter
Enter a start parameter for a JRE as you would on a command line. Click Assign to add the parameter to the list of available start parameters.
Note Icon
Do not use escape characters or quotes in path names.
For example, to point the system property "myprop" to a folder, enter the following parameter:
-Dmyprop=c:\program files\java
To enable debugging in a JRE, enter the following parameters:
-Xdebug
-Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,address=8000
Note Icon
These changes take effect after you restart LibreOffice.
Assigned start parameters
Lists the assigned JRE start parameters. To remove a start parameter, select the parameter, and then click Remove.
Add
Adds the current JRE start parameter to the list.
Edit
Opens a dialogue box where the selected JRE start parameter can be edited.
Remove
Deletes the selected JRE start parameter.
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Nursing Division Services
Public Health Nurses complete epidemiological investigations on all reportable communicable diseases in an effort to control and prevent the spread of disease. Reporting communicable diseases to the Health Department is mandated by Indiana Code 410 IAC.
A list of reportable diseases (revised 12/2008) can be found at:
Reportable Disease List
Health Care Providers should print this form for reporting communicable diseases and fax completed form to our office at: _PHONE_.
Confidential Report of Communicable Diseases
Lead Poisoning Prevention
The Indiana State Department of Health (ISDH) has determined that all children under the age of seven years who reside in St. Joseph County are at a high risk of lead poisoning. Public Health Nurses provide case management services to children (under the age of seven years) with elevated blood lead levels and their families. These case management services are implemented in an effort to reduce the effects of lead poisoning.
The Health Department provides certificates to any resident of St. Joseph County under the age of seven for a blood lead screening. These screenings are performed on site in the Immunization Clinics and at the South Bend Medical Foundation (SBMF) at no charge to the parent/guardian of the child.
Health Care Provider must report elevated lead levels to the Health Department by faxing a completed reporting form to _PHONE_.
For more information about lead in the environment, click here.


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PDP-12 Restoration at the RICM (tony duell)
djg at pdp8online.com
Sat Oct 17 09:10:29 CDT 2015
On Tue, Oct 13, 2015 at 08:32:49PM -0400, Michael Thompson wrote:
> > What exactly do you mean by 'glitches'? Are these on a TTL level signal,
> > an analogue
> > output of the read amplifer, or what?
> You can see the logic analyzer trace of many of the TC12 signals here.
> The labels at the far left of the image include the backplane slot and pin
> number for the probe location. The signals were TTL level by the time the
> logic analyzer saw them.
Have you hooked up a digital scope to the read amplifier and seen if the
analog waveform has problems when the glitches occur? Seeing both the analog
and the digital output would help see where the signal is going wrong.
The other is if you have enough memory and channels in your test equipment
you can trigger off a signal indicating that the block number was missed
then look back to see how the block number was wrong. If you have it a
trigger out from the logic analizer can trigger a digital scope to capture
at the same time to see the head amplifier signal.
More information about the cctalk


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Weaving a Mayan Hammock–Video Overview
- Materials Needed
- The Netting Needle
- The Loom
- Loading the Loom
- Loading the Netting Needle
- The Edge "Crochet"
- The Triple Weave
- The Clew
The Mayan hammock is arguably the most comfortable gathered-end hammock available anywhere, and is notable for being the descendent of the original hammock discovered by Columbus on his voyages to the West Indies. The Mayan hammock is woven using a fairly tight "triple weave" that creates a lattice when pulled apart.
Mayan hammocks tend to be heavy, due to the quantity of string used to create the netting, so this style of hammock is more suitable for sleeping indoors than lightweight backpacking. Much depends on the type and quantity of string used and what size hammock you weave.
I found that the Mayan weaving style is not terribly difficult, but it does take patience and a little time. Once you get the weaving pattern down, expect to spend a few weeks to complete the weaving, depending on how much time per day you can devote to weaving and how big you want the bed.
- Lacing — Knotworkn (via Internet Archive)
- Single Line Simple Reverse Coxcombing
- YouTube — Mayan Hammock Weaving – How Hammocks Are Made
- YouTube — The Mayas of Belize – Belize Culture – (traditional Mayan weaving and source material from the Agave plant; great video!)
- Instructables — "Instant Hammock," steps 5–9
- Amazon — Hammock: How to Make Your Own and Lie in It
- Amazon — Hammock Making Techniques
- Amazon — The Ashley Book of Knots (ABOK)
- > 2,000 yards (~1,860 m) of #18 twisted cotton or nylon string for a hammock bed approximately 72 × 50 in (183 × 127 cm). Nylon is more mildew resistant, but cotton will be more comfortable. The clew or end strings, are each half the length of the hammock, effectively doubling the overall length of the hammock.
- Netting needle/shuttle (8 × 1.25 × 0.1875 in / 20 × 3.175 × 0.5 cm)
- 3 @ 1 × 3 × 8 (horizontal beams, wedges)
- 2 @ 2 × 3 × 8 (vertical posts)
The Netting Needle
A netting needle ("lanzadera" or shuttle) is used to load a quantity of string and work it through the warp to create the weave. A netting needle differs from a traditional loom shuttle in that the one end is pointed or tapered, making it easier to poke the shuttle through the weave. These needles are traditionally used for making fishing nets and are still used today to make Mayan hammocks.
You can make your own needle or purchase one.
A basic loom measures 6 ft (1.8 m) tall by 6.5 ft (2 m) wide when assembled and consists of two vertical posts or poles and two horizontal beams. Most looms are adjustable via notches in the horizontal beams and holes in the vertical posts so the weaver can make slightly longer hammock beds. These horizontal supports are secured with a wedge so the hammock body can be removed (slid upward) off the frame when the weaving is complete.
You can make a basic, inexpensive frame out of PVC pipe or lumber. To make a traditional stand, you'll need to cut and assemble the wood poles and beams, including wedges, to make the stand sturdy and long-lasting.
Loading the Loom
Once the loom is built and in place it is time to load the loom with the "warp" string. Begin by tying the warp string to the top of one vertical post and then wrap it around the second post until you wind a sufficient number of strings between the two posts. The number of warp strings depends on the color patterns you intend to weave. You can easily add more warp string as you go along, allowing for color variations on the project, even alternating between the warp and weft strands.
Loading the Netting Needle
A netting needle can handle only so much string before it's full, so having a few on hand is a good idea if you want to keep weaving without interruption. Hitch the end of the string (ABOK #1602) around the needle and then begin to wrap around the bottom of the netting needle and back to the top where you wrap the needle again. Repeat this back-and-forth process until the shuttle is full (see shuttle image above).
The Edge "Crochet"
A few sources refer to the edge as "crochet," which it might be, but it's nothing more than a series of overhand knots (ABOK #46) evenly spaced along the edge. This is the first task in the weaving process.
- There should be a minimum of 21 knots, making 20 spaced sections.
- The knots should be spaced between 3 and 4 inches (8 and 10 cm) apart.
- There should be a minimum of 4 rows of interlaced knot rows and as many as 8 or 10.
This edging sets the spacing for the weaving along with providing a tight edge to maintain the hammock shape.
Subsequent rows: Loop around a knot then go up, capturing a new warp line, then back around to the first line and knot.
The Triple Weave
- The weaving pattern is "under two, over and around one."
- There should be 2 weaves on each of the 20 spaced sections, creating 40 weaves across the hammock body.
As you work along the warp, keep the weft string tight to ensure the lattice isn't loose when you're done. When you reach the end, go around the pole and hitch the weft and warp strings you were just working on and then continue the pattern.
NOTE: Never end a string in the middle of the hammock. If you run out of string, tie it off on the pole and begin a new string. Do not tie knots or leave loose strands in the middle of the hammock.
High-quality Mayan hammocks have at least 40 rows of weft that is woven through the warp, leaving a tightly-woven net that flexes and supports the occupant unlike any other hammock available.
This video (above) actually does a great job in showing the mechanics of making the clew.
The clew is a modern sailor term for the nettles or string that attaches to the ends of the hammock and provides a loop or ring as the attachment point.
- The nettles should be half the length of the hammock, effectively doubling the overall size of the hammock (for example, a hammock body 2 m (6.5 ft) long, the nettles should be 1 m (3.25 ft) long each).
- The nettles should all be the same length.
Traditionally, the nettles are made from a single, continuous strand of #18 twisted nylon string that is looped around 6 sections from the hammock body. The nettles are middled to create a bight. This bight is tied and then cockscombed to protect the nettles.
The two remaining ends are tied on to themselves using a French Spiral Hitch/Whipping (ABOK #3450).
Alternatively, you can tie a Shouldered Sword Mat (ABOK #3819) with the two remaining ends to create a navy-style clew.


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When it comes to your business and keeping it running smoothly year-round, printing problems silently wreak havoc. Imagine the frustration of unexpected color inconsistencies or the high costs of digital printing draining your budget. These pressing issues hinder productivity and tarnish your brand image, leaving your business in a bind.
Now what if you could discover seamless, cost-effective, and reliable printing processes, enhancing your business's growth? There are certain steps you can take today to eradicate these problems. But before we explore the comprehensive solutions to these problems, let's take a look at some of the most common printing issues your business may face.
The Most Pressing Printing Problems
Digital Printing Issues
- Color Inconsistencies: The world of digital printing is not devoid of its own set of challenges. One of the most prominent printing problems in this realm is color inconsistencies. The vibrancy and accuracy of colors are paramount in ensuring the effectiveness of printed materials, and any deviation can lead to a lack of communication and a diluted brand image.
- High Costs: Another significant concern is the exorbitant costs associated with digital printing. These costs can swiftly escalate, putting a substantial strain on the financial resources of a business, and potentially leading to budgetary constraints that affect other areas of operation.
In-House Printer Woes
- Maintenance Challenges: In-house printers, while seemingly convenient, bring forth their own array of printing issues. Maintenance challenges can be a constant headache, with businesses often finding themselves ill-equipped to handle the technical difficulties that arise, leading to downtime and inefficiency.
- Limited Capabilities: Additionally, in-house printers typically have limited capabilities, unable to produce a wide range of print materials, and often lacking in quality and precision. This limitation can stifle the creativity and effectiveness of printed materials, leaving businesses at a disadvantage.
The Ultimate Solution: Partnering with a Commercial Printing Partner
Expertise and Experience
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Current Affairs MCQ 18th MAY 2021
Current Affairs For 18th MAY 2021
01. Who among the following has been appointed as the
UN Humanitarian chief?
a) Martin Griffiths
b) John Holmes
c) Kenzo Oshima
d) Stephen O'Brien
Answer: a.
Explanation: Veteran British diplomat Martin Griffiths has been appointed as the new Chief at the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), for a period of five years.
- He will replace Mark Lowcock, a Briton who has served as undersecretary-general for humanitarian affairs and emergency relief coordinator for four years.
- He is currently serving as the United Nations Special Envoy for Yemen.
- United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) aims to strengthen the international response to complex emergencies and natural disasters.
02. Government of which of the following state constituted high power advisory committee on COVID-19?
a) Rajasthan
b) Odisha
c) Kerala
d) Madhya Pradesh
Answer: b.
Explanation: Odisha government has constituted a high power advisory committee on COVID-19.
- The committee, comprising of eminent doctors and scientists will aid and advise the state
government on vaccination, infrastructure expansion and combat readiness for future covid waves.
- The state government has also floated a global tender to procure 3.8 crore doses of vaccines for universal vaccination against COVID-19.
03. India and which of the following country agreed to work towards increasing COVID-19 vaccine availability and saving lives?
a) United States
b) Russia
c) New Zealand
d) Singapore
Answer: a.
Explanation: Commerce and Industry Minister, Piyush Goyal held a virtual meeting with US Trade Representative Ambassador Katherine Tai.
- Both the ministers discussed measures to enhance COVID-19 vaccine production.
- The meeting focused on increasing vaccine availability in an inclusive and equitable manner to combat the
global pandemic caused by Covid-19.
- The proposal of India on waiver of certain Trade-Related aspects of Intellectual Property Rights provisions to increase global vaccine production were also discussed.
- Both sides agreed to work towards the common resolve of increasing vaccine availability and saving lives.
04. Paris city council has put forward plan to drastically reduce car traffic in centre of French capital by which year?
a) 2025
b) 2022
c) 2030
d) 2050
Answer: b.
Explanation: A plan to drastically reduce car traffic in the centre of the French capital Paris by 2022 has been put forward by the city council.
- The scheme would ban through traffic in four central districts, giving priority instead to cyclists, pedestrians,
and public transport.
- Low-traffic zones will result in a less polluted, greener, more peaceful and safer city.
- Residents and businesses would still be allowed to drive in the central area, but through traffic would be
- The scheme followed the example of other cities such as Madrid, Nantes, and Rome.
05. Which among the following country successfully landed its rover Zhu Rong on Mars?
a) Russia
b) United Arab Emirates
c) China
d) Japan
Answer: c.
Explanation: China has successfully landed its rover Zhu Rong on Mars. It successfully landed in the Utopia Plain in southern part of Mars on after seven months of space travel and three months in orbit.
- Zhu Rong is part of China's first spacecraft for Mars, Tianwen-1, which was launched in July 2020 with
three parts – orbiter, lander and rover.
06. Sunil Jain, who passed away at the age of 58 years, was a well-known for the which of the following profession?
a) Social activist
b) Journalist
c) Politician
d) Director
Answer: b.
Explanation: Eminent journalist and Managing Editor of Financial Express, Sunil Jain passed away due to Covid- 19 related complications.
- He was the son of former Times of India Editor Girilal Jain.
- He was an alumni of the Delhi School Economics and Hindu College.
- He started his journalism career with India Today as a business editor after a brief tenure at FICCI as an export policy expert.
- He also worked with Business Standard for eight years, before returning to the Express Group with The Financial Express in 2010.
07. National Gallery of Modern Art (NGMA), located in which State/UT will start month long online summer workshopNAIMISHA 2021?
a) Chandigarh
b) Goa
c) New-Delhi
d) Uttar Pradesh
Answer: c.
Explanation: National Gallery of Modern Art (NGMA) is the premier art gallery under Ministry of Culture, Government of India.
- The main museum at Jaipur House in New Delhi was established on 29 March 1954 by the Government of India.
- It will start a month long online summer workshopNAIMISHA 2021.
- This unique art fiesta will provide a platform to create and engage with the arts.
- The workshops have been designed on painting, sculpture, print making and videography and puppeteering and other related arts.
08. Which among the following state observes its 'Statehood Day' on
May 16?
a) Assam
b) Himachal Pradesh
c) Rajasthan
d) Sikkim
Explanation: Sikkim is located in the northeastern part of the country, in the eastern Himalayas and is one of the
smallest states in India.
- Sikkim Foundation Day is observed in India every year to commemorate the day when it became part of the Indian Union.
- On 16 May 1975, Sikkimone of India's Seven Sister states, officially became a part of the country abolishing the long rule of monarchy.
- Sikkim was made a part of India under the 35th Constitutional Amendment Act.
09. Who among the following chaired the review meeting to assess preparedness of States and UTs to deal with Cyclone Tauktae?
a) Piyush Goyal
b) Narendra Modi
c) Amit Shah
d) Rajnath Singh
Answer: c.
Explanation: Union Home Minister Amit Shah chaired a review meeting with the Chief Ministers of Gujarat, Maharashtra & Administrator of Daman & Diu and Dadra Nagar Haveli.
- The meeting aimed to assess preparedness of States, UTs and Central Ministries and
Agencies concerned to deal with the situation arising out of Cyclone Tauktae.
- He reviewed the preparedness of all the health facilities especially adequate power
backup arrangements in all COVID hospitals in the areas likely to be impacted by the
10. Who among the following has been appointed as the nominee director on board of Bank of India?
a) Kalpana Morparia
b) Shikha Sharma
c) Narayanan Vaghul
d) Vandita Kaul
Answer: d.
Explanation: Government has appointed Vandita Kaul, additional secretary in the Finance Ministry, as the nominee director on board of Bank of India.
- Bank said it has received the communication from the Finance Ministry about her nomination on May 13, 2021.
- Bank of India has a total of eight members on its board, including the MD and CEO Atanu Kumar Das, its four executive directors, one nominee director each from the government and the RBI and one shareholder director.


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It consists merely in an application of those "rules of the road" which are practically on the road so little attended to.
The Denison Bridge, a three-span wrought iron bridge, is an early metal truss bridge built in 1870. Its advanced design was a major engineering achievement at the time and represents the maximum achievable by truss spans. The bridge is associated with three important colonial engineers: William Christopher Bennett (Commissioner and Engineer for Roads), Gustavus Alphonse Morrell (Assistant Engineer and designer) and Peter Nicol Russell (P N Russell & Co). The bridge is a prominent local landmark which has played an important role in the history of Bathurst and the Central West. It was the fifth oldest metal truss bridge in Australia until recently but is still the second oldest in NSW (after Gundagai 1867).
Denison Bridge was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 1 August 2003 having satisfied the following criteria.
The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales.
Denison Bridge is of state significance as the fifth oldest metal truss bridge in Australia until recently and the second oldest in NSW (after Gundagai 1867). Further, the bridge is a significant technical accomplishment in the management of compressive and tension forces in metal truss members. Its design and innovative solution to the pressures of compression and tension is of historical significance in demonstrating the development of engineering and truss bridge technology.
Completed in 1870, it replaces an earlier bridge that was opened in 1856 and destroyed in 1867. The present bridge is a metal truss bridge and is currently the fourth oldest existing Australian metal trusses, following Hawthorn (1861), Gundagai Road Bridge (1867) and Redesdale (1868).
It is the oldest Pratt type truss bridge in NSW and the oldest of four colonial bridges in Bathurst. Its fabrication and erection are important as it used substantial amounts of materials and skills already available in the colony with subsequent economic benefits to the government. It is significant for being in almost continual use throughout its 120-year history as a road bridge which contributed significantly to the social stability and growth of Bathurst, making possible the continuous flow of people and goods between Sydney and the western districts of New South Wales.
The place has a strong or special association with a person, or group of persons, of importance of cultural or natural history of New South Wales's history.
The Denison Bridge is of state significance for its associations with three important colonial engineers: the government engineers W. C. Bennett and G. A Morell; and P N Russell, who formed P. N. Russell and Co and was a major benefactor of the University of Sydney.
The Denison Bridge is also significant for its association, through its name, with Sir William Denison, Governor of New South Wales _PHONE_.
The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales.
The Denison Bridge is of state significance for its technical sophistication and innovation. The structure incorporates an innovative and practical solution to the problem of lateral buckling of the compression top chords of each truss, which was years ahead of the theoretical solution and is of historical significance in demonstrating the development of engineering and truss bridge technology. This solution allowed the length of the bridge to approach the structural limit of truss bridge technology. The clean, open arrangement of members and joints made for easy maintenance which contributed greatly to its long service life.
Spanning the Macquarie River and Morse and Berry Parks, the Denison Bridge is locally significant as a prominent engineering landmark and enjoys a picturesque setting.
The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.
The Denison Bridge has local significance as an engineering landmark. This significance is demonstrated by its inclusion in the Bathurst Heritage Study, the Register of the National Trust, an Historic Engineering Marker plaque from Engineers Australia (formerly IE Aust) in 1994 and the Register of the National Estate.
The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
The Denison Bridge is of state significance as an engineering achievement. Through the distribution of its ironwork the fabric displays the types of forces, compression and tension generated in the members of trusses.
It is unlikely to display any archaeological significance in relation to previous occupation due to the riverine environment and unlikely to display any archaeological potential in relation to the earlier bridge.
The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
The Denison Bridge is rare. It is of state significance as the fifth oldest early metal truss bridge in colonial Australia, and second oldest in NSW after Gundagai (built 1867).
The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural or natural places/environments in New South Wales.
The Denison Bridge is one of a number of early metal truss bridges in colonial Australia and is representative of its type. It is, however, the second oldest in New South Wales (after Gundagai) and is technologically innovative. This bridge was the first American type Pratt truss in NSW.
Denison Bridge Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.


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Exploring the Value of the PXB's VMCB Multichannel Function
The PXB is a robust tool that can be applied in a massive range of test scenarios from battery cycling and eAxle testing, to DC-DC power supply testing. The quality of the PXB along with its range of functions makes it an indispensable tool in lab environments for prototyping and initial product testing. This utility is further extended by its multichannel function, also known as virtual multichannel bus (VMCB), in which multiple PXBs can be connected and remotely controlled to scale testing to multiple devices under test (DUT). The VMCB function allows up to eight units to be connected to a PC; these eight units sharing a domain can be integrated into an even larger network to further multiply facility testing and make efficient use of plant space. This article discusses the difference between the VMCB function and multichannel power supplies, the benefits of the PXB in various test environments, and the specific benefits/uses of the multichannel channel function.
Multichannel Power Supplies vs. the PXB's Multichannel Function
A multichannel power supply integrates multiple isolated power outputs (e.g., +12V, -12V, +5V, +3.3V) to drive electronic testing from a single AC input. Often applied in test and measurement use cases, these systems primarily provide multiple power-isolated channels in a small space. These power supplies specialize in testing complex DUTs that require multiple supplies to different circuitry and possibly at varying sequences (i.e., analog, digital, etc.). Multichannel power supplies are good options to supply common voltage rails in PCBs — different from the PXB's VMCB function.
With the multichannel function, a single source controls multiple programmable PXB power supplies. This capability elevates the PXB bidirectional power supplies' utility, enhancing its value in the test engineer's repertoire.
The Utility of the PXB in Various Tests
The PXB is a bidirectional programmable DC power supply with regenerative capabilities. The bidirectionality allows the device to function as both a source and a sink (Figure 1), performing the functions of both the power supply and electronic load in battery cycling (charging/discharging) testing, DC-DC converter burn-in testing, or testing the regenerative functions of motors (e.g., eAxles). The on-site regenerative capability returns power to the local grid; when the PXB functions as an electronic load (sink), instead of dissipating the excess power as heat, it redirects the power to the local power grid. On a small scale, this capability saves a test lab a marginal amount of power. However, in scaled operations for a larger test facility, the power recycled can be substantial over time. This dynamic is further improved by lowering or even eliminating the HVAC costs that come with cooling off the radiative heat. The PXB can also simulate the internal resistance of a battery, fuel cell, or solar cell, making it a useful tool for testing automotive components such as eAxles or solar inverters.
The PXB' additional benefits include performing complex waveform profiles with relative ease via the PXB's built-in web server. A total of 30 programs can be created and linked for up to 10,000 steps (with all programs combined) to automate and remotely monitor tests. An internal data logger also records all measured data for further analysis. Overall, the PXB is well-suited for automated tests for DUTs that are typically challenging to test or are subject to a high level of regulation. These tests grow even more challenging when attempting to scale them up — automated testing can be difficult with many different complex sequences run over an array of test equipment. The multichannel function directly addresses this potential scale-up obstacle.
Figure 1. The various functions the PXB can perform and applicable tests that might benefit.
What is the Multichannel Function (VMCB)?
The VMCB function of the PXB allows users to connect one computer with up to eight units to construct a virtual multichannel power supply system, a function that:
- Reduces the number of communication ports and,
- Controls the multiple units of PXB together.
This function allows multiple DUTs to be connected concurrently for prototyping or product test scenarios, synchronizing multiple tests on different DUTs. To use this multichannel function, users can connect a PC to the PXB via a switching hub or a broadband router as shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2. To use the multichannel function, the PXB can be connected to a switching hub/broadband router, which is, in turn, connected to a PC.
The series VMCB function allows the PXB to be used efficiently for remote control and monitoring with 1-to-N and as well as N-to-M in large-scale networks (Figure 3). The LAN interface is LXI compliant, allowing users to control and monitor the PXB from a browser on a PC, smartphone, or tablet. The power supplies can also be managed from a different building. This function greatly scales the reach of production testing, controlling all automated tests from a single device.
Figure 3: The virtual group (with the same domain number) can be part of a larger-scale N-to-M network, extending the number of PXB tests that can be performed simultaneously on DUTs.
Commands can be sent from the PC to control the PXB by setting the following functions (Figure 4):
VMCB enable: Enabling virtual multichannel bus (VMCB) function (System → VMCB → Edit).
Master/slave unit: Setting up the master and slave units on the PCB connected to multichannel. The PXB unit set at the VMCB slave units are controlled by the VMCB master unit.
Domain number: PXB units that have the same domain number can be controlled as one VMCB network.
Channel: Channel numbers are used to identify each VMCB slave unit when they are controlled from the PC using commands.
Figure 4. The VMCB window can be accessed under "System" on the PXB to enable the multichannel function.
Benefits and Uses of the Multichannel Function
Synchronizing many PXBs to perform mass testing comes with benefits including:
- Simplifying control
- Ease of installation (fewer communication ports are used)
- Efficient use of plant space (PXB can replace multiple equipment)
- Lowering the barriers for setting up a production test facility (i.e., designing a test for a single PXB is easily scaled)
The multichannel setup ensures that test designers are using fewer communications ports to synchronize testing. This simplifies control and eliminates the challenge of setting up unique test benches. Instead, a single test setup can be programmed and executed across multiple PXBs at a distant location, accelerating the process from the ideation phase, design, and installation. The PXB performing multiple functions (Figure 1) allows designers to save valuable floor space.
Quality testing, or end-of-line testing in manufacturing facilities can benefit from the VMCB function as these tests are often simple functions performed repeatedly at speed. This ability potentially accelerates research and development (R&D) testing in which multiple DUTs can be tested simultaneously to quickly assess the behavior of different prototypes. The PXB can test the battery by easily performing charge and discharge cycles, and it mimics the behavior of a battery making the possible DUTs range from inverters to motors, and converters. These DUTs are prolific and are often used in highly regulated fields such as automotive, aerospace and defense, military, and medical industries, forcing components to pass stringent tests to be within compliance.
Massive testing labs for batteries can include thousands of cycling channels and hundreds of environmental chambers (Figure 5). These labs require a centralized method of control across devices to synchronize, thus simplifying testing. The PXB assists with the process of scaling up testing with minimal complexity, lowering the barriers for testing multiple DUTs.
Figure 5. The Idaho National Laboratory's (INL) battery testing lab. Source: Wikimedia Commons
The PXB programmable power supply performs a slew of functions that make it a useful tool in an engineer's test bench. However, scaling tests up for multiple DUTs can be a significant barrier to introducing test equipment from the lab environment to the production environment. The PXB's multichannel (VMCB) function ensures the PXB can maintain its utility in larger-scale tests by controlling multiple PXBs via a single PC. The LXI compliant interface ensures users can control and monitor PXBs from a browser on a PC, smartphone, or tablet at a different location. This way, testing remains simple and relatively easy to set up.


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HP OpenVMS Systems Documentation
OpenVMS Debugger Manual
4.2.2 ASCII String Types
When displaying an ASCII string value, the debugger encloses it within quotation marks (") or apostrophes ('), depending on the language syntax. For example:
To deposit a string value (including a single character) into a string variable, you must enclose the value in quotation marks (") or apostrophes ('). For example:
If the string has more ASCII characters (1 byte each) than can fit into the location denoted by the address expression, the debugger truncates the extra characters from the right and issues the following message:
If the string has fewer characters, the debugger pads the remaining
characters to the right of the string by inserting ASCII space
You can examine an entire array aggregate, a single indexed element, or a slice (a range of elements). However, you can deposit into only one element at a time. The following examples show typical operations with arrays.
The following command displays the values of all the elements of the array variable ARRX, a one-dimensional array of integers:
The following command displays the value of element 4 of array ARRX (depending on the language, parentheses or brackets are used to denote indexed elements):
The following command displays the values of all the elements in a slice of ARRX. This slice consists of the range of elements from element 2 to element 5:
You can deposit a value to only a single array element at a time (you cannot deposit to an array slice or an entire array aggregate with a single DEPOSIT command). For example, the following command deposits the value 53 into element 2 of ARRX:
The following command displays the values of all the elements of array REAL_ARRAY, a two-dimensional array of real numbers (three per dimension):
The debugger issues a diagnostic message if you try to deposit to an index value that is out of bounds. For example:
In the previous example, the deposit operation was executed because the diagnostic message is of I level. This means that the value of some array element adjacent to (1,3), possibly (2,1) might have been affected by the out-of-bounds deposit operation.
To deposit the same value to several components of an array, you can use a looping command such as FOR or REPEAT. For example, assign the value RED to elements 1 to 4 of the array COLOR_ARRAY:
You can examine an entire record aggregate, a single record component, or several components. However, you can deposit into only one component at a time. The following examples show typical operations with records.
The following command displays the values of all the components of the record variable PART:
The following command displays the value of component IN_STOCK of record PART (general syntax):
The following command displays the value of the same record component using COBOL syntax (the language must be set to COBOL):
The following command displays the values of two components of record PART:
The following command deposits a value into record component IN_STOCK:
4.2.5 Pointer (Access) Types
You can examine the entity designated (pointed to) by a pointer variable and deposit a value into that entity. You can also examine a pointer variable.
For example, the following Pascal code declares a pointer variable A that designates a value of type real:
The following command displays the value of the entity designated by the pointer variable A:
In the following example, the value 3.9 is deposited into the entity designated by A:
When you specify the name of a pointer variable with the EXAMINE command, the debugger displays the memory address of the object it designates. For example:
The debugger recognizes address expressions that are associated with instructions. This enables you to examine and deposit instructions using the same basic techniques as with variables.
When debugging at the instruction level, you might find it convenient to first enter the following command. It sets the default step mode to stepping by instruction:
There are other step modes that enable you to execute the program to specific kinds of instructions. You can also set breakpoints to interrupt execution at these instructions.
If you specify an address expression that is associated with an instruction in an EXAMINE command (for example, a line number), the debugger displays the first instruction at that location. You can then use the period (.), Return key, and circumflex (^) to display the current, next, and previous instruction (logical entity), as described in Section 4.1.8.
For example, on Alpha processors:
Line numbers, routine names, and labels are symbolic address expressions that are associated with instructions. In addition, instructions might be stored in various other memory addresses and in certain registers during the execution of your program.
The program counter (PC) is the register that contains the address of the next instruction to be executed by your program. The command EXAMINE.%PC displays that instruction. The period (.), when used directly in front of an address expression, denotes the contents of operator---that is, the contents of the location designated by the address expression. Note the following distinction:
On VAX processors, you can use the /OPERANDS qualifier to control the amount of information displayed when you enter the EXAMINE.%PC command:
On VAX processors, use the /OPERANDS qualifier only when examining the current PC instruction. The information might not be reliable if you specify other locations. The command SET MODE [NO]OPERANDS enables you to control the default behavior of the EXAMINE.%PC command.
As shown in the previous examples, the debugger knows whether an address expression is associated with an instruction. If it is, the EXAMINE command displays that instruction (you do not need to use the /INSTRUCTION qualifier). You use the /INSTRUCTION qualifier to display the contents of an arbitrary program location as an instruction---that is, the command EXAMINE/INSTRUCTION causes the debugger to interpret and format the contents of any program location as an instruction (see Section 4.5.2).
When you examine consecutive instructions in a MACRO-32 program, the debugger might misinterpret data as instructions if storage for the data is allocated in the middle of a stream of instructions. The following example shows this problem. It shows some MACRO-32 code with two longwords of data storage allocated directly after the BRB instruction at line 7 (line numbers have been added to the example for clarity).
The following EXAMINE command displays the instruction at the start of line 6:
The following EXAMINE command correctly interprets and displays the logical successor entity as an instruction at line 7:
However, the following three EXAMINE commands incorrectly interpret the three logical successors as instructions:
4.3.2 Depositing Instructions (VAX Only)
On VAX processors, you can deposit instructions as well as examine them. Use the following DEPOSIT command syntax:
You must enclose language-expression (an assembly-language instruction) in either quotation marks or apostrophes. The /INSTRUCTION qualifier indicates that the delimited string is an instruction and not an ASCII string. Or, if you plan to deposit several instructions, you can first enter the SET TYPE/OVERRIDE INSTRUCTION command (see Section 4.5.2). You then do not need to use the /INSTRUCTION qualifier on the DEPOSIT command.
Instructions occupy different numbers of bytes depending on their operands. When depositing instructions of arbitrary lengths into successive memory locations, use the logical successor operator (Return key) to establish the next unoccupied location where an instruction can be deposited. The following example shows the technique:
When you replace an instruction, be sure that the new instruction, including operands, is the same length in bytes as the old instruction. If the new instruction is longer, you cannot deposit it without overwriting, which will destroy the next instruction. If the new instruction occupies fewer bytes of memory than the old one, you must deposit NOP instructions (instructions that cause no operation) in bytes of memory left unoccupied after the replacement. The debugger does not warn you if an instruction you are depositing will overwrite a subsequent instruction, nor does it remind you to fill in vacant bytes of memory with NOPs.
The following example shows how to replace an instruction with an instruction of equal length:
4.4 Examining and Depositing into Registers
The VAX architecture provides 16 general registers and 18 vector registers, some of which are used for temporary address and data storage. Table 4-1 identifies the debugger built-in symbols that refer to VAX registers.
On VAX processors:
On Alpha processors, the Alpha architecture provides 32 general (integer) registers and 32 floating-point registers, some of which are used for temporary address and data storage. Table 4-2 identifies the debugger built-in symbols that refer to Alpha registers.
On Alpha processors:
The following examples show how to examine and deposit into registers:
On VAX processors, the processor status longword (PSL) is a register whose value represents a number of processor state variables. The first 16 bits of the PSL (referred to separately as the processor status word, or PSW) contain unprivileged information about the current processor state. The values of these bits can be controlled by a user program. The latter 16 bits of the PSL, bits 16 to 31, contain privileged information and cannot be altered by a user-mode program.
The following example shows how to examine the contents of the PSL:
See the VAX Architecture Handbook for complete information about the PSL, including the values of the various bits.
You can also display the information in the PSL in other formats. For example:
The command EXAMINE/PSL displays the value at any location in PSL format. This is useful for examining saved PSLs on the call


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Model independent peak fitting and uncertainty assignment for high-precision time-of-flight mass spectrometry
A procedure is introduced to extract the time-of-flight probability density distribution for ions of one type using an accumulated ion peak as a template for use in the fitting of time-of-flight peaks of co-accumulated ions. We demonstrate the use of logarithmic splines and discuss the statistical criteria for the selection of the spline smoothing parameter to obtain a smooth function for approximating such an ion peak. Furthermore, a "Bootstrap" method is proposed to determine the uncertainty of the fitted time-of-flight values, which is calculated using the extracted peak shape via a repeated statistical experiment. The developed procedure is validated against time-of-flight data obtained in a previously reported experiment. It is shown that atomic masses derived from our newly proposed methodology are in good agreement with those from the 2016 Atomic Mass Evaluation and the values determined using an analytically defined function (exponential-Gaussian hybrid), approximately matching the observed peak shape. In contrast to the previously used approach, our newly proposed methodology is a much more flexible, robust, and universal method for peak shape approximation, which can be applied to any peak shape.


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Unique drainage event at Suicide Basin causes minor flooding in Juneau
As smoke from distant wildfires clouds the skies above Southeast Alaska, Juneau residents have a much closer hazard on their minds. Warm weather sped up water collection in Suicide Basin, a glacier-dammed lake adjoining Mendenhall Glacier that has generated outburst floods regularly over the last decade. On Sunday, July 7th, the basin water level reached a point where it began to overtop the Mendenhall Glacier ice dam, flowing along the side of the glacier towards Mendenhall Lake. Almost one week later, on July 13th, the basin began draining beneath the glacier. At Mendenhall Lake, the water level rose to 8.62 feet (just under minor flood stage) and peaked just after 8 P.M. – earlier and lower than predicted.
Every summer since 2011, the glacier-dammed lake in Suicide Basin above Juneau has unleashed one or more floods into the valley below – sometimes in perfectly dry weather. The largest outburst flood event to date occurred in July 2016. Over 16,000 cubic feet per second of water flowed through the Mendenhall River. That's nearly the level of discharge of the Colorado River through the Grand Canyon and nearly ten times greater than the average water flow of the Mendenhall River in summer.
The summer of 2018 was the first observed occurrence of water flowing over the ice dam. The overtopping was a precursor of the start of a lake release beneath the glacier, which began less than a day later. This year, overtopping lasted for almost a week. Water in the basin dropped slowly initially, due to erosion generated by the water overtopping the ice dam. On Saturday morning, July 13th, the basin finally began to drain subglacially. While the first day of drainage followed a familiar pattern with rapidly rising outflow, drainage slowed down during the second day, far before Suicide Basin was empty. Consequently, the water level at Mendenhall Lake rose only to about three feet above normal levels. Following one and a half days of slow drainage, drainage accelerated again, causing a second, lower peak at Mendenhall Lake.
"We had a unique event this year – different from what we have seen in the past. First, we had overflow that lasted for almost a week. Then we had this early slow down of drainage, followed by another acceleration and a second peak at Mendenhall Lake. This two-peak scenario was not among the likely scenarios, considering that none of the previous events had two peaks, " says University of Alaska Southeast Research Assistant Professor of Environmental Science Christian Kienholz. "It was great to monitor this event closely. Each season of observation in the basin improves our ability to predict the timing and magnitude of flooding," Kienholz continued.
Christian Kienholz has spearheaded the monitoring efforts in Suicide Basin. He is mapping the topography of the ice dam and basin down to mere centimeters of accuracy using drones. This imagery, combined with water level sensors, timelapse cameras, and frequent visits to the basin, is vastly improving our understanding of how Suicide Basin stores water and generates outburst floods.
"We need to be able to make accurate predictions about the timing and the magnitude of the flood. To do this, we need to understand the ice dynamics in the basin," says UAS Professor of Environmental Science Eran Hood.
Understanding the ice dynamics in Suicide Basin is not an easy task, as it can change dramatically from year to year. Factors like the thickness of ice in the dam, the channel through which the water flows once the outburst flood begins, and the amount of water collected in the basin, interact to determine if, when, and how quickly a flood will occur. Flooding levels also depend greatly on the pre-existing level of water in the Mendenhall River when the outburst flood begins. Coordinated monitoring helps demystify the processes that control the filling and drainage of the basin and give advance warning to residents.
Emergency Program Manager for the City and Borough of Juneau Tom Mattice works closely with Kienholz, Hood, and other agency partners to ensure that residents receive an advanced warning for flood events. "The Suicide Basin program has been a great showing of partnerships in the region of Southeast Alaska. We've been incredibly fortunate to be working with our partners. With the National Weather Service, USGS, and the University, we've been able to develop real-time monitoring programs, with mitigation actions taken by the public," says Mattice.
For UAS undergraduate intern Skye Hart, the work in Suicide Basin has also provided a chance to use skills she acquired in an environmental drone monitoring class taught by Kienholz this spring. Hart is assisting with drone monitoring in the basin, using her knowledge in a real-world challenge impacting her community.
In a complementary effort, a graduate student from the University of Alaska Fairbanks, Dina Abdel-Fattah, has gathered feedback on the informational needs of stakeholders, city officials, local residents, and tour operators in Juneau regarding these flood events. Her work has guided the creation of communication tools and response efforts for future flood events and has helped to further understanding of how scientific information regarding these events is best communicated, understood, and used by a large and diverse audience.
A new website was created to provide near-real-time updates on the water level in the basin and at Mendenhall Lake and River. The monitoring is made possible by joint efforts of the City and Borough of Juneau, the National Weather Service, USGS, the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, University of Alaska Southeast, and the Alaska Climate Adaptation Science Center.
This article was originally published on the Alaska Climate Adaptation Science Center website.


text: The project covers a demonstration of the Wavepiston wave energy concept. Numerical tools for estimation of structural design loads and absorbed power for the concept were developed, together with a tool to model the motion of the complete string structure. A 1:2 scale installation was designed, built and installed in the North Sea. With several iterations made on the detailed design during the tests conducted at sea, the reliability and power performance of the concept were improved considerably. The power output from the installation confirmed the predictions of the numerical tools. A business analysis was carried out using the numerical tools and wave data for reference sites selected according to the large attention from potential customers to the concept. The business analysis supports a viable market launch plan for Wavepiston.


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Abstract: This research investigates how cues describing the authors of user-generated online science articles in blogs, and indications about whether the articles are 1-sided or 2-sided, affect others' decision about which content to read. It extended the elaboration likelihood model (ELM; Petty & Cacioppo, 1986), to predict whether better-quality arguments and individuals' need for cognition affected their content selections. In 2 experiments, 121 parents were asked to search for information on a blog concerning the effects of violent media. Results showed a general preference for texts composed by users with greater expertise and for 2-sided messages. Need for cognition magnified the effect of message sidedness, suggesting that the ELM is relevant for blogs and the selection of user-generated science stories.
Link: click here


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Uncertainties in cloud feedback remain stubbornly significant in global climate models, disrupting the credibility of climate projections. This study examined the impacts of the prognostic treatment of precipitation on cloud feedback using the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate version 6 (MIROC6). In a prognostic precipitation scheme, precipitating hydrometers are explicitly predicted, allowing a more sophisticated representation of their microphysical and radiative effects than that of traditional diagnostic schemes. The introduction of the prognostic scheme in MIROC6 increases cloud feedback associated with the elevated altitude of clouds in warming climates. Moreover, the equilibrium climate sensitivity increases by about 20%. Because associated high-level clouds are better represented in the prognostic scheme, climate projections with larger altitude feedback are considered more credible. Additional analyses of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project models suggests that their altitude cloud feedback would be higher if their underestimation of high-level clouds were mitigated.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)


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female polar bear © Peter Prokosch, GRID-Arendal
San José / Bonn, 14 April 2014 - CMS held a workshop of national representatives and experts in Guácimo, Costa Rica from 9-11 April in the light of new information published on climate change.
The workshop coincided with the release of the latest Assessment Report (AR5) of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which also warns about the impacts of climate change on many plant and animal species.
"The workshop has confirmed that climate change is one of the most important threats to migratory species and the ecosystems on which they depend", said Professor Colin Galbraith, CMS Scientific Councillor for Climate Change, who chaired the meeting. "Participants have stressed the need for urgent international actions to address the complex threats from climate change. It is encouraging to see delegates from around the world working together to outline a Programme of Work for countries in the CMS to combat the effects of climate change on migratory animals.
The purpose of the workshop was to prepare a CMS Programme of Work on Climate Change and Migratory Species, in line with Resolution 10.19 of the Conference of the Parties. The workshop provided an opportunity for participants to share their opinions, experiences and the best practices to address the impact of climate change on migratory species. As a result of the workshop, Parties will be in a better position to develop national guidelines on the required measures to assist migratory species in adapting to climate change.
The Programme builds upon the discussions and the draft resolution adopted during the Technical Workshop on the Impact of Climate Change on Migratory Species, held in Tour du Valat, France, in 2011. The topics include the interpretation of the Convention text in the light of climate change, species assessments and monitoring, species population management, habitat management, ecological networks' tertiary effects, and the coordination between countries and all other stakeholders.
One of the key items is to increase our understanding of the impact climate change is having on migratory species and the habitats on which they depend. As such, the Programme urges Parties to develop and implement monitoring regimes in order to assess the susceptibility of these species to such disturbances, and to prepare targeted action plans for those species considered to be most vulnerable to climate change. At the same time, the Programme urges Parties to implement actions at the ecosystem level to improve the resilience of migratory species and their habitats to climate change. Moreover, the Programme further encourages parties to explore the interlinkages that exists between conservation, climate change mitigation and adaptation measures, to reduce the additional impacts on migratory species resulting from changes in human behaviour due to environmental change. Finally, it also strives to strengthen the synergies amongst and within Parties, and the coordination of the UNEP/CMS Secretariat with other MEAs, in order to implement a harmonized response to climate change at all levels.
Participants had also the opportunity to discuss a draft resolution on climate change to be submitted to COP11. The main objective of this resolution will be to adopt the Programme and to highlight the key priorities in which Parties should concentrate to mitigate impacts of climate change on migratory species. During a field visit after the workshop they could also assess the severe impacts of climate change in the coastal ecosystems of Cahuita National Park on the Caribbean side of Costa Rica.
The results of the workshop will be presented to CMS COP11, which will be held in Quito, Ecuador, 4 – 9 November 2014.
Last updated on 08 May 2014


Attempts to convert a DictAtom into a Dictionary of strings, resolving any references as necessary.

Syntax

[C#]
virtual Dictionary<string, string> ToStringDictionary(Atom atom)
[Visual Basic]
Overridable Function ToStringDictionary(atom As Atom) As Dictionary<string, string>

Params

Name Description
atom The DictAtom from which to obtain the values.
return The dictionary.

Notes

Attempts to convert a DictAtom into a Dictionary of strings, resolving any references as necessary.
If the atom does not resolve to an DictAtom, then the return value will be null.
Any entries which could not be coverted to the correct type will be null.

Example

None.


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In the cities and countryside section of Busy Teacher, there are 78 FREE worksheets to choose from
. They range from very simple word searches to detailed activities related to these topics. This activity
, for example, was created for Russian ESL learners but can serve as a model for you to create a similar activity more appropriate for your students. Some nice details on this worksheet include the translations of important words, the colorful images, and the fact that after completing this exercise, students should be able to create a similar article about the town they live in. You could do this as a class, in groups, or individually depending on your students and class size. Take a look at other worksheets to find something your students will enjoy.
It is good to talk about different places, compare them, and be able to describe them to people. Students will enjoy sharing their views of certain locations and some will certainly feel very strongly about cities while others will prefer the countryside. This division could set you up for a debate about the positive and negative characteristics of each. Despite your personal opinion, try to remain neutral and simply facilitate the discussion. This is just one way to incorporate this topic into your lessons.


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It looks like some fish are (sort of) warm-blooded. From How Hot Tuna (and Some Sharks) Stay Warm:
Scientists now have direct evidence that the north Pacific salmon shark maintains its red muscle (RM) at 68-86 degrees Fahrenheit (F), much warmer than the 47 F water in which it lives. The elevated muscle temperature presumably helps the salmon shark survive the cold waters of the north Pacific and take advantage of the abundant food supply there. The heat also appears to factor into the fish's impressive swimming ability.
Salmon sharks are lamnids, a group of sharks that also includes the mako and great white. Numerous studies have shown that lamnid sharks and tunas share many anatomical and physiological specializations that endow them with their impressive swimming power and speed. In contrast to other fish where the RM is near the skin, the RM of these sharks and tunas is near the backbone. Even though the ancestors of bony tuna and cartilaginous sharks diverged more than 400 million years ago, selection pressure for high-performance swimming in each group seems to have occurred independently about 50 million years ago.
Throughout its life, a salmon shark never stops swimming because it will sink. The body heat generated from continuous swimming elevates the RM temperature, which in turn, warms the surrounding white muscle and allows the shark to survive the frigid waters of the north Pacific. If a shark stops swimming, it could die from cold exposure.


Filesystem
Intro
D7AP specifies a structured filesystem containing a set of obligatory system files and optional user files. The system files contain all the configuration and status of the stack itself. The user files, which are not defined by the spec, can be used for example for your specific sensor data. The application using the D7AP stack interacts with the filesystem of the local node and with the filesystem of remote nodes, transparently. A file in the D7AP filesystem has associated properties like storage class (e.g. volatile, permanent) and permissions.
Implementation
The D7AP filesystem implementation in OSS-7 can be found in (stack/modules/d7ap/d7ap_fs.c). For storing the system files it depends on a blockdevice_t which is an abstraction used to read and write blocks of memory. At the moment there are 2 concrete implementations of the blockdevice API: blockdevice_driver_stm32_eeprom which uses the embedded EEPROM of the STM32L MCU, and blockdevice_driver_ram which uses a buffer in RAM (and hence is volatile).
Currently the blockdevice stores the headers and contents of the systemfiles only, the user files (if any) are stored in RAM for now. We are not using a real filesystem like LittleFS for now, and do not implement features like wear levelling.
The data contained in the filesystem is defined in C arrays in stack/modules/d7ap/d7ap_fs_data.c. This data ends up in RAM, unless the platform defines a PLATFORM_FS_SYSTEMFILES_IN_SEPARATE_LINKER_SECTION cmake variable. This way, the filesystem data will end up in a separate linker sections (.d7ap_fs_systemfiles) which can then be moved by modyfing the linker script. This method is used on stm32l based platforms to move the filesystem to the region of the embedded EEPROM (see for example in the linker script stack/framework/hal/platforms/B_L072Z_LRWAN1/STM32L072XZ.ld). When a sperate linker section is used the buildsystem will make sure to remove this section from the resulting <appname>-app.hex and add it to <appname>-eeprom-fs.hex, while <appname>-full.hex will contain everything. Different make targets will be created as well, for instance make flash-modem will flash the complete application + EEPROM section, while make flash-modem-app and make flash-modem-eeprom-fs allow you to flash only the application or the EEPROM respectively.
The platform should define the blockdevice to use by defining a static blockdevice_t* d7a_systemfiles_blockdevice in it's platform.h (see for instance stack/framework/hal/platforms/B_L072Z_LRWAN1/inc/platform.h).
The data in the systemfiles contained in d7ap_fs_data.c is not hardcoded, instead it is generated. For this we use pyd7a, which provides an API to generate the files, together with cog. Cog is a code generation tool which allows to run the python code embedded in comments in d7ap_fs_data.c and generate output, which is used to fill the C arrays. If wanted, the filesystem data can be updated by running PYTHONPATH="<path to pyd7a>" python2 -m cogapp -c -r stack/modules/d7ap/d7ap_fs_data.c (after installing pyd7a).
The value of the systemfiles in d7ap_fs_data.c is provided as a default. If you want to override it for your application you can do it out-of-tree to keep the source in sync with upstream. To do so, set the MODULE_D7AP_USE_DEFAULT_SYSTEMFILES cmake variable to false and define fs_systemfiles and fs_systemfiles_file_offsets in your application code (which can be out-of-tree). The easiest way is to copy d7ap_fs_data.c to your application directory, strip everything besides the fs_systemfiles and fs_systemfiles_file_offsets definitions, adapt file contents where needed and add it to the APP_BUILD sources in the app's CMakeLists.txt.
Future work
 - Allow to store user files in non volatile memory
 - Enable RAM caching of some files which change frequently, with periodic flushing to permanent memory
 - Enable using real filesystem implementations underneath of d7ap_fs
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text:
Tlyus QAE345 A genetically modified subspecies of the Kazarii were planted here.
Varhnan VEB402 See also Star Systems within the Galaxipedia. Galactic Distances, Examples of
Solar system LAA643 is 67029 lightyears away from XAF283. Civilisations using conventional spaceship engines will need much more than 67029 years to travel from XAF283 to LAA643. Civilisations using Faster Than Light technology (FTL) will need less time, depending on the amount of available energy:
FTL1: 67029 years FTL2: 8378 years FTL3: 2482 years FTL4: 1047 years FTL5: 536 years FTL6: 310 years FTL7: 195 years FTL8: 130 years FTL9: 91 years


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Kids Brush Lettering Calligraphy Kit Gift Box
A wonderfully unique craft kit to inspire your kids.
This beautiful gift box will inspire any youngster to put down their phones and pick up a pen and get crafty.
Everything they need is included in this pretty gift box. This set includes the latest calligraphy must have; a brush pen- and this one has a brush at both ends! This means it can write big or small lettering with the flip of the pen.
Create colourful lettering using the smaller brush included, and pretty background washes with the larger brush. A paint palette and a bottle of ink gives you lots of colour options. With lessons, an alphabet to follow and a practice pad, your children will have huge fun getting creative with brush calligraphy.
The set includes a selection of cards, envelopes, and templates to work over.
Unique brush lesson plans are included, to help budding young calligraphers create beautiful letterforms. Any child can learn the art of calligraphy with the simple step by step guide.
In a nutshell
What is it?
This is a stay at home calligraphy experience gift box. The beautiful gift box of calligraphy tools and resources will be delivered by post to the recipient.
How long will it take?
Spend as long as you want enjoying your calligraphy experience kit.
What you need to know
This kids calligraphy gift box comprises a starter kit of brush calligraphy tools to begin your calligraphy journey.
How much will it cost?
The Kids Brush Lettering Calligraphy Kit Gift Box costs £34 including postage and packing to mainland UK (excluding highlands and islands).
Please allow 3 to 4 days for gift box delivery. Postage and packing to mainland UK (excluding highlands and islands).


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How to use Rood-screen in a sentence
The church is cruciform and the altar stands beneath the eastern lantern arch, a fine rood screen separating off the choir, which was devoted to monastic use, while the nave was kept for the parishioners, in consequence of a dispute between the vicar and the monastery in 1499.
Previous to the dissolution, a rood-screen bearing a gigantic rood, the object of many pilgrimages, stood to the west of the tower.
The choir extended westwards for three bays beyond the tower and terminated in a stone rood-screen.
The cruciform church of St Saviour is of the 14th and, 5th centuries, and contains a graceful rood-screen of the 16th century, an ancient stone pulpit and interesting monuments.
The church of St Gery (18th century) contains, among other works of art, a marble rood-screen of Renaissance workmanship. The Place d'Armes, a large square in the centre of the town, is bordered on the north by a handsome hotel de ville built in 1634 and rebuilt in the 19th century.Advertisement
Band of carved vine leaf cornice from the medieval rood screen set along the sill of the window.
Behind the rood screen dado is Suffolk's most complete set of return stalls.
It features a richly carved oak rood screen and a minstrel's gallery above.
The 15th century rood screen is painted with figures.
The interior, with its oak rood screen dividing the nave from the choir, is in perfect taste.Advertisement
Parker's drawing of the rood screen reveals its sophistication.
The rood screen is also 14th century and a colorful tapestry hangs on the west wall.
Parker 's drawing of the rood screen reveals its sophistication.


text:
UKLA is delighted to announce shortlists for the prestigious UKLA/ Wiley Research in Literacy Education Award 2019.
The Award is given annually for papers published in each of UKLA's journals – Literacy and Journal of Research in Reading (JRR) – judged to be exemplary in terms of criteria applied in both journals. Literacy and JRR are peer-reviewed journals with international reputations for excellence. The panel chair is Dr. Wayne Tennent.
UKLA congratulates all the shortlisted authors.
The winning authors will be announced at the UKLA 55th International Conference in Sheffield July 12-14 and invited to present a joint seminar at the conference.
Shortlist Literacy 2019
- Joy Alexander and Ruth Jarman, The pleasures of reading non-fiction Vol 52:2
- Amelia Hempel-Jorgensen, Teresa Cremin, Diane Harris and Liz Chamberlain, Pedagogy for reading for pleasure in low socio-economic primary schools" beyond 'pedagogy of poverty'? Vol 52:2
- Bobbie Kabuto, Family narratives of biliteracy vol 52:3
- Kimberly Lenters and Alec Whitford, Failing with grace: kids, Improv and embodied literacies vol 52:3
- Helen Victoria Smith, Cooking the books: what counts as literacy for young children in a public library? Vol 52:1
Shortlist JRR 2019
- Kaefer, T. The role of topic‐related background knowledge in visual attention to illustration and children's word learning during shared book reading Vol 41:3
- Liu, P., & Lu, Q. The effects of spaces on word segmentation in Chinese reading: Evidence from eye movements Vol 41:2
- Messer, D., & Nash, G. An evaluation of the effectiveness of a computer‐assisted reading intervention Vol 41:1
- Nouwens, S., Groen, M. A., Kleemans, T., and Verhoeven, L. The role of semantic retrieval in children's reading comprehension development in the upper primary grades. Vol 41:3
- Okkinga, M., van Steensel, R., van Gelderen, A. J. S., and Sleegers, P. J. C. Effects of reciprocal teaching on reading comprehension of low‐achieving adolescents. The importance of specific teacher skills. Vol 41:1
- Torppa, M., Eklund, K., Sulkunen, S., Niemi, P., and Ahonen, T. Why do boys and girls perform differently on PISA Reading in Finland? The effects of reading fluency, achievement behaviour, leisure reading and homework activity. Vol 41:1
The Literacy shortlists were selected by a working party led by Jill McClay and Clare Dowdall (out-going editors); the JRR shortlists by Jessie Ricketts and Nenagh Kemp(editors) in consultation with JRR associate editors.
Notes for Editors
The Award is given annually for papers published in each of UKLA's journals – Literacy and Journal of Research in Reading (JRR) – judged to be exemplary in terms of criteria applied in both journals.
Specifically, the award is given to a text which fulfils many of the following criteria:
- Relevance to readership – taking account of an international readership
- Accessibility to a knowledgeable readership
- Original content which contributes significantly to existing knowledge or the development of new knowledge, policy or strategy
- Clear theoretical position
- Methodologically sound research processes /design appropriate to the theoretical standpoint
- Sound level of critical analysis
- Relevant and appropriate citation base


48. Blood Quantum
People should be classified as native belonging to a certain tribe, race, ethnic group, clan, etc., if they meet the requirement that they have at least a 1/4 blood quantum measurement. If there is a tie, such as 1/4 part x and 1/4 part y, then culture and lifestyle adoption, especially while as a young person under the age of 20, should be the deciding factor. However, even if a person is 1/4 part x, 1/4 part y and 1/2 part z, that person would have the right to choose among any of the three possibilities for their identity.
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