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Case Report: Alleged Plagiarism by a Thesis Guide
As a general rule, the author of a work owns the copyright in it. As such, a student would own the copyright in his or her research papers, thesis, dissertations etc., and any other person including a thesis guide, university, etc. would not be able to publish the works without the authorisation of the student, i.e., without obtaining a licence from the student. Even if such a licence were obtained, the student would have to be credited as the author of the work.
However, this legal position is not always honoured to the letter, and there may be grey areas, as this case shows.
High Court of Patna; Criminal Miscellaneous No. 31757 of 2000
Sutapa Bhattacharya obtained a PhD (from Bhagalpur University, Bihar) in 1988. Her thesis dealt with political mobilization and caste conflict in Bihar between 1967 and 1980, and her guide was Roma Mitra.
After obtaining her degree, Sutapa Bhattacharya permanently settled at Calcutta, West Bengal. Meanwhile, Roma Mitra, her PhD guide published a book entitled "Caste Polarisation and Politics" in 1992.
During a visit to Bhagalpur in April 2000, Sutapa Bhattacharya accessed the book apparently written by Roma Mitra, and determined that it was "virtually copied" from her PhD thesis. She then proceeded to file a criminal complaint against Roma Mitra (and the publisher of the book) for cheating and copyright infringement.
The Learned Judicial Magistrate, First Class, Bhagalpur took cognizance of the matter after conducting an inquiry. However, Roma Mitra approached the Patna High Court against the order of cognizance. The High Court set the order aside as it was barred by limitation. However, the Court stated that "it would not be appropriate to record any finding on the merit of the case" even though it acknowledged that there was "some substance in the argument" advanced by Roma Mitra's counsel.
When Roma Mitra approached the High Court, she made the following arguments (among others):
 1. Roma Mitra had not exactly copied from the thesis of Sutapa Bhattacharya. Further, "in a case of a guide and disciple, the allegation of copying from the thesis by the guide cannot be applicable unless it is a case of exact copying from the thesis".
 2. The thesis was prepared under the guidance of Roma Mitra who had allowed Sutapa Bhattacharya to access certain unpublished manuscripts [presumably, written by Roma Mitra herself] in order to prepare the concept of thesis.
 3. Sutapa Bhattacharya adopted the ideas, language and expression of Roma Mitra to some extent while conducting the research for her thesis and while writing it.
 4. Roma Mitra had published extensively on the Subject even prior to the preparation of thesis.
(This post is by Nandita Saikia and was first published at Indian Copyright.)


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Crystal Quest Water Softener and Tannin Whole House Water Filter System 48,000 Grain Capacity/1.5 Cu. Ft.
View our Comparison Chart of all Tannin Removal Whole House Systems
Crystal Quest® Tannin Water Filters are self-backwashing systems that automatically remove the tannins within the filter bed and washes them down the drain. This is accomplished with the microprocessor control valve that is mounted on top of the Crystal Quest® Tannin Water Filters. This valve is controlled by a meter that calculates the amount of water being used. Once the meter reaches x amount of gallons, it then initiates the backwash cycle that cleans the bed of filtration media and resets it for the next period of filtration.These systems connect to the main line of your home and filters all of the incoming water to it. It requires a nearby power outlet for the control valve. Low maintenance. Just add sodium or potassium pellets to the brine tank.
WATER TRAVELS THROUGH 4 STAGES OF FILTRATION
- Stage 1: Water flows through a 20" sediment cartridge that removes sediment, silt, sand and dirt.
- Stage 2: Water flows through a tannin-reducing mineral tank.
- Stage 3: Water flows through an ion exchange mineral tank and brine water conditioner.
- Stage 4: Water flows through a 20" solid carbon filter cartridge for removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs), insecticides, pesticides and industrial solvents.*
Additional Product Options:
- Leak Detector Valve
- UltraViolet: Specifically designed to meet the demanding microorganism control concern. These microorganisms can range from bacteria and viruses to algae and protozoa. A major advantage of UV treatment is that it is capable of disinfecting water faster than chlorine without cumbersome retention tanks and harmful chemicals to your drinking water.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Hasil cari dari kata atau frase: zest (0.01122 detik)
Found 3 items, similar to zest.
English → Indonesian (quick) Definition: zest animo, semangat
English → English (WordNet) Definition: zest zest n 1: vigorous and enthusiastic enjoyment [syn: gusto, relish, zestfulness] 2: a tart spiciness [syn: nip, piquance, piquancy, tang, tanginess] zest v : add herbs or spices to [syn: spice, spice up]
English → English (gcide) Definition: Zest Zest \Zest\, n. [F. zeste, probably fr. L. schistos split, cleft, divided, Gr.?, from? to split, cleave. Cf. Schism.] [1913 Webster] 1. A piece of orange or lemon peel, or the aromatic oil which may be squeezed from such peel, used to give flavor to liquor, etc. [1913 Webster] 2. Hence, something that gives or enhances a pleasant taste, or the taste itself; an appetizer; also, keen enjoyment; relish; gusto. [1913 Webster] Almighty Vanity! to thee they owe Their zest of pleasure, and their balm of woe. --Young. [1913 Webster] Liberality of disposition and conduct gives the highest zest and relish to social intercourse. --Gogan. [1913 Webster] 3. The woody, thick skin inclosing the kernel of a walnut. [Obs.] [1913 Webster] Zest \Zest\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Zested; p. pr. & vb. n. Zesting.] [1913 Webster] 1. To cut into thin slips, as the peel of an orange, lemon, etc.; to squeeze, as peel, over the surface of anything. [1913 Webster] 2. To give a relish or flavor to; to heighten the taste or relish of; as, to zest wine. --Gibber. [1913 Webster]
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Frye Art Museum
photo by Jill Berarducci
Winold Reiss: Native American Portraits
July 21- September 10, 2000
Native American portraits by German-born artist Winold Reiss (_PHONE_) graced the covers of collectible American railroad posters and calendars for decades. Hired by the Great Northern Railway to promote the West, Reiss was one of America's earliest painters to portray Native Americans in realistic, rather than stereotypical portraits. Dozens of these brilliantly colored and engaging portraits are on view at the Frye July 21 through Sept. 10, 2000.
Reiss dreamed of dedicating his artistic career to painting Native Americans. Born in Germany, Reiss studied under his father, the well-respected artist Fritz Reiss, and later he studied at the Munich Academy. After immigrating to the United States in 1913, he found outlets for his talent as a muralist and a decorative arts designer. He also became known for his meticulous portraits of other minority groups: Afro-, Asian-, and Mexican-Americans, both male and female. With few preconceptions, he detailed their character, often in lively costumes.
Winold spent a major part of his productive career living and painting among the Blackfeet Confederacy, in Montana. He contributed work to the railway for over 20 years, while continuing his portrait painting. He opened a school at Glacier National Park, Montana, and taught there and in New York for many years before his death in 1953. The Blackfeet Indians became his closest friends and at the end of his life, his ashes were scattered over the Blackfeet reservation in Montana. (left: Jim Blood, 1931, pastel and tempera on Whatman, 30 x 22 inches)
Over thirty of Reiss' finest Native American portraits will be displayed. Costumes worn by his subjects were often an important decorative element in his work, providing insight into the character and traditions of the ethnic group. The exhibition is organized by the Frye and drawn from the Reiss family, the Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railroad, and a number of private and public collections.
Read about Fritz Winold Reiss in the C. M. Russell Museum
Read more in Resource Library Magazine about the Frye Art Museum.
Please click on thumbnail images bordered by a red line to see enlargements.
For further biographical information please see America's Distinguished Artists, a national registry of historic artists.
This page was originally published in Resource Library Magazine. Please see Resource Library's Overview section for more information. rev. 3/18/11
Search Resource Library for thousands of articles and essays on American art.
Copyright 2011 Traditional Fine Arts Organization, Inc., an Arizona nonprofit corporation. All rights reserved.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
On the podcast this week is Hans Jørn Kolmos.
Hans has been the Chief Physician of Clinical Microbiology at Odense University Hospital and the University of Southern Denmark. He is a leading researcher in the healthcare-associated infection MRSA.
Dr. Marco Bo Hansen, Sani nudge Medical Director had the privilege to sit down with Hans as he shared career highlights spanning randomised controls in infection prevention.
Tune in to hear about the synergies between Infection Control nurses and Microbiologists, the efficacy of masks, and the impact of COVID-19 on other infectious diseases.
A few key takeaways:
Hans on COVID-19
· "There is an important lesson to take on from COVID-19 and that is, it really matters if you do hand hygiene or not. Do you remember to do it? Do you do it with the right technique? This will change the disease pattern in the future."
Hans on healthcare associated infections and primum non nocere – first, do no harm
· "Irrespective that you are busy, etcetera, the first rule for every medical doctor is do no harm."
· "Hospital acquired infections are a kind of harm that we put on patients… that is the issue of harm. It is important that we have this in mind all of the time. First rule. Do no harm."
If you work in infection prevention, this is a can't miss podcast!

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


When you do something avidly, you do it with enthusiasm and interest. You'll listen avidly to your grandfather's stories if he makes them vivid and enthralling.
People who participate avidly in a club or group are seriously involved, and if you avidly follow college basketball, you're a huge fan and watch as many games as you can. Doing things avidly means really throwing yourself into the spirit of things. Avidly comes from its related adjective, avid, or "having enthusiasm for something," from the Latin avidus, "longing, desirous, or greedy," from the root avere, "to desire eagerly."
Definitions of avidly
 1. adverb
 in an avid manner
 "whatever the flavor or color of your local paper, do remember that these are read avidly for local information"
Word Family


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Finland's climate policy encompasses many different actors and levels. At international level, negotiations are conducted within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), where Finland negotiates in the capacity of an EU Member State. At national level, the preparation of Finland's climate policy is divided among various ministries, while decision-making power rests with the Government and Parliament.
Division of labour between ministries
The Ministry for Foreign Affairs is responsible for duties vested in foreign service and participates in international climate negotiations in this role.
The issues for which the Ministry for Foreign Affairs is responsible include the following:
- international financing for climate affairs
- adaptation issues in developing countries
- improving the preparedness of developing countries to take action
- preventing deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries (REDD+)
- clean development mechanism (CDM)
- assessment of the impact of climate change on foreign policy
- trade policy
- contractual issues.
The Ministry for Foreign Affairs serves as the Finnish national authority for the clean development mechanism and monitors the implementation of CDM projects.
The Ministry of the Environment bears the main responsibility for the preparation and coordination of Finnish stands in climate issues. This is done in cooperation with other ministries.
The Ministry of Employment and the Economy is responsible for the preparation of Finnish national climate targets and for emissions trading in the EU.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and the Ministry of Transport and Communications are responsible for climate affairs in their own administrative sectors.
- Ministry of the Environment: Climate change
- Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry: Finland's National Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change
- Ministry of Employment and the Economy: National Climate and Energy Strategy
- Government Foresight Report on Long-term Climate and Energy Policy: Towards a Low-carbon Finland
Content administrator Unit for International Environment Policy


, it was chosen for 4-mm nozzle with regard to the maximum combustion pressure for different initial pressures and ignition location from the nozzle. Maximum loads were observed for time delays from 80 to 160 ms depending on the ignition location, so a delay of 120 ms was chosen for all tests of the second (main) series.
 - MV: It was found the flush-back concentration of 11% for hydrogen jet-ignition at ambient temperature hydrogen release. Was it found now for cryogenic test?
 KM: Previously it was found within the icefuel project. After video data processing, we also hope to get such a threshold for cryogenic jet as well.
 - CD: What is the location for pressure sensor P1?
 FA: The location is 50 cm from the nozzle and 110 cm below the jet axis (slide 53)
WJ: What is the distance from the nozzle to the explosion?
KN: The distance to ignition point is 62.5 cm, nozzle size is 4 mm, initial pressure is 200 bar, initial temperature 293K.
KM: We have analysed the high speed movie. As we found the local flame velocity was changing from 130 to 270 m/s in radial direction and from 160 to 310 in axial (co-flow) direction. The shock wave was produced by strong deflagration process. The shock wave velocity was varied from 500 to 380 m/s depending on distance to the centre of explosion. Our rough evaluation gives that the energy of explosion corresponds to 0.5-1.5 g of hydrogen compared to the amount of hydrogen 3.7 corresponding to the volume of burnable cloud.


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Drying of liquid foods is a very complicated simultaneous heat and mass transfer process, in which the water diffusion plays a crucial role. The water diffusion coefficient that decreases sharply with decreasing water content must be known in order to predict the drying process. Methods for determining such water diffusivities have been developed on the basis of the regular regime concept. We have developed a very simple method for determining the water diffusivity from the regular regime isothermal drying curves, and applied to various sugar or carbohydrate solutions. The drying behavior of single droplets or slab-shaped samples of sugar solutions were numerically calculated by a drying model with the concentration-dependent water diffusion coefficient determined. Good agreements between experimental and calculated results were obtained. Enzyme inactivation rate constants were measured experimentally over a wide range of sugar concentrations. By using these data the inactivation behavior of enzymes in sugar solutions were simulated. The enzyme was stabilized during drying because the inactivation rate decreases very sharply with decreasing water contents. The numerical calculations simulated the experimental data well.
Enhancing effects of heat transfer rate and thermal efficiency of superheated steam treatment (SHS) combined with far infrared heating (FIH) were compared with those of superheated steam treatment only by using a semi-practical compact apparatus fabricated in this study. Heat transfer rate was calculated from the constant drying rate of samples wetted enough with water. The samples were treated at three superheated steam temperatures (120, 150, and 200°C) or at those temperatures combined with four far infrared heater temperatures (250, 300, 350 and 400°C) . When only 1/5 of SHS heat flow was supplied in addition to the FIH heater, the heat transfer rate was increased 2 times or more compared with that for SHS only. Thermal efficiencies for the SHS heating process + 400°C FIH were about 2-4 times larger than those for SHS only, depending on the superheated steam temperature. When a low temperature (about 120°C) with a small amount of steam was combined with high temperature FIH (about 400°C), a highly enhanced effect on both heat transfer rate and thermal efficiency was obtained. Furthermore, the SHS + FIH process greatly reduced the heating up time of the apparatus and the heat flow to maintain a constant temperature in the heating chamber.
Rice is a major economic crop in Iran, where it is usually dried using a batch-type dryer until the final moisture content (FMC) reaches below 9%. The influence of low FMC (about 9%) produced by four drying temperatures (30, 40, 50, and 60°C) on the physical properties, milling, and cooking qualities of short grain aromatic rice were investigated. The obtained data were also compared with standard FMC (about 12%) treatments which were dried in a batch type dryer. The experimental result showed that for low FMC samples, head rice yield (HRY) was increased by 4% at drying temperatures of 30°C and 40°C but was reduced by about 20% at 60°C in comparison with control samples (25°C, 60% RH) . The water uptake ratio (WUR) and volume expansion ratio (VER) were decreased significantly as the drying temperatures were increased. We can conclude that low FMC (9%) could produce higher HRY, if the drying temperature is 40°C or less. In addition, high drying temperatures (50°C and 60°C) caused increases in the number of fissured kernels, energy consumption and decreases in HRY, WUR, and VER. Maintaining the HRY and keeping a cooking quality at maximum level are the main task for the optimization of drying process. It was occurred at drying temperature less than 40°C with a low FMC for aromatic rice. Therefore, a drying temperature of more than 40°C would result in deterioration of quality of japonica type aromatic rice, followed by low FMC.
A theoretical analysis was given for the kinetics of an observable in general first-order reaction process (R→P) . It was assumed that reaction degree x≡ [P] / ( [R] + [P] ) obeyed a first-order reaction rate equation and that the observable o of sample during reaction was related with reaction degree through the mixing rule of a power-law type oν= (1-x) oνR+xoνP where oR and oP represent the values of observable, being proper to the reactant and the product respectively (oR<oP) . It was demonstrated for ν<1 that an observable-time curve could possess an inflection point at o*= (1-ν) 1/νoP with the maximum growth rate do/dt= (1-ν) 1/ν-1oPK1. These results coincide in the ν→0 limit with those obtained for a logarithmic (ln o) mixing rule.
Knowledge of survival behaviors of microorganisms on solid surfaces is important to assess and control the risk of cross contamination for food being processed on the surface. Here we report the survival behavior of Escherichia coli left on polypropylene coupons with or without nutritious soil subjected to drying at room temperature. When E. coli cells were left on the coupons with 0.85% saline solution, decrease in the viable cell number was observed in two stages, each of which followed the first order kinetics. The specific death rate was 0.21 h-1 initially and reduced to 0.11 h-1 after the water content reached 3.9 g-water/g-solid. When E. coli cells were left with Luria-Bertani broth, as a model soil, of different water contents, the viable cell number did not show a distinct decrease until the water content reached 3-4 g-water/g-solid. After the water content went down below the threshold, the specific death rate was roughly 0.1 h-1 though deviation was large especially at the final stage of drying. E. coli survived on the surface even after 2 days, and coexistence of nutrients enhanced the final level of viable cells.


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Australia's power comes in many forms – hydro, coal, solar, wind and diesel generation. All of which have oils to keep our energy turning over smoothly.
My power generation equipment creates oily water – what do I do with it?
Bunded oily water is easily treated with an Ultraspin Oily Water Separator System
A typical power generation site or sub station will have a bank of generators and transformers that needs maintenance in situ, creating sources of oily wastewater.
Whatever the source of power, there will be bunded oily water.
At Ultraspin, we have the ability to help you design a system of oily water separation using our unique separators for environmental compliance that will:
- Be a system that copes with variable input flow
- Require little or no maintenance
- Require no operator supervision
- Be more cost effective compared to the life cycle of plate packs
- Comply with local discharge standards
- Be easily installed in new systems or retrofitted
With the Ultraspin Oil Separator, your wastewater will be cleaned quickly and efficiently.
How does the Ultraspin Oil Separator remove the oils?
Oily water is pumped into a precisely engineered tapered pipe, creating a vortex generating 1,000 times the force of gravity. Under such force the heavier water is pushed to the outer edge of the vortex and discharged from the the smaller end while the lighter oil moves to the centre of the vortex and dispelled from the broader end.
It has no moving parts, rarely needs cleaning, works much faster than gravity, and is powerful enough to treat even 15 micron oil droplets!
Find out more about Ultraspin separators
There is one thing you must know before choosing an oily water separator: what size oil droplets do you have?
It is a fundamental question, as it will determine what micron rating you require and therefore which separator type will be suitable for your application.
Need more information on oil droplet size?
Contract Power, Power generation
Christmas Creek and Cloudbreak, WA
The Christmas Creek and Cloudbreak mine sites in the Pilbara are owned and operated by Fortescue Metals Group, processing around 60 million tonnes of iron ore on site per year.
The remote locations require substantial power for processing and FMG commissioned Contract Power Group to install the necessary diesel generators. The Christmas Creek site generates 58MW while Cloudbreak produces 30MW.
To provide high standards of OH&S, the generator buildings must be kept clean requiring regular wash downs to remove oils and grime that may have accumulated from maintenance activities or minor oil spills. Consequently, Contract Power installed a channel behind the generators to collect the oily water to facilitate treatment.
In both sites, Ultraspin worked with Contract Power to supply an oily water separator designed to cope with 3.5m3/hr and oil loads that can vary substantially from very little to near 100% if a spill occurs. The output discharge needs to be less than 15mg/L TPH in order to meet the mine site environmental license.
The two sites are a feather in the cap for Contract Power, but the water treatment system is a credit to the Ultraspin solution.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
When trying to solve the Schrödinger equation for hydrogen, one usually splits up the wave function into two parts:
$\psi(r,\phi,\theta)= R(r)Y_{l,m}(\phi,\theta)$
I understand that the radial part usually has a singularity for the 1s state at $r=0$ and this is why you remove it by writing:
$R(r) = \frac{U(r)}{r}$
But what is the physical meaning of $R(r=0) = \infty$. Wouldn't this mean that the electron cloud is only at the centre of the atomic nucleolus?
Thanks in advance!
share|improve this question
5 Answers 5
The infinitesimal probability for the electron to be in the volume $dV$ around a point $(r,\theta,\phi)\leftrightarrow (x,y,z)$ is given by $$ dP = dV\cdot |\psi(x,y,z)|^2 = dV\cdot |R(r)|^2\cdot |Y_{lm}(\theta,\phi)|^2 =\dots$$ as you can see if you substitute your Ansatz for the wave function. However, the infinitesimal volume $dV=dx\cdot dy\cdot dz$ may be rewritten in terms of differentials of the spherical coordinates as $$ dV = dr\cdot r^2 \cdot d\Omega = dr\cdot r^2 \cdot \sin\theta\cdot d\theta\cdot d\phi $$ where the small solid angle $d\Omega$ was rewritten in terms of the spherical coordinates. You see that for dimensional reasons (or because the surface of a sphere scales like $r^2$), there is an extra factor of $r^2$ in $dV$ and therefore also in $dP$ which suppresses the probability. There is simply not enough volume for small values of $r$.
So $|R(r)|^2$ may still go like $1/r^2$ for small $r$ and in that case, $dV$ will be proportional to $dr$ times a function that is finite for $r\to 0$. Such $dP$ may be integrated and there's no divergence at all near $r=0$.
That's why one should allow the wave function to go like $1/r$ near $r=0$ which is the true counterpart of one-dimensional wave function's being finite near a point. However, Nature doesn't use this particular loophole because the wave function $\psi$ for small $r$ actually scales like $r^l$ where $l$ is the orbital quantum number and the wave function actually never diverges even though it could.
share|improve this answer
The physical observable is not the wavefunction, but its integral over a finite area. In spherical coordinates, this is:
$P({\vec x})=\int dr\, d\theta\, d\phi r^{2}\sin\theta \psi^{*}\psi$
This integrand is manifestly finite at $r=0$, even if $R(r)$ has a $\frac{1}{r}$ divergance.
share|improve this answer
Dear _USER_, you were a minute faster but shorter ;-). I think that $\sin^2\theta$ should be just $\sin\theta$. – Luboš Motl Apr 26 '12 at 16:32
Indeed! I'm so used to writing the metric that I forgot the square root. – Jerry Schirmer Apr 26 '12 at 17:16
Good way to phrase the priorities. ;-) – Luboš Motl Apr 26 '12 at 18:09
For a hydrogen-like atom in 3 spatial dimensions, the rewriting of the radial part
is not performed to keep the $u(r)$ part regular, as OP suggests, but usually because the 3D radial equation in terms of the $u$ function has the same form as a 1D Schrödinger equation.
Imagine that the radial wave function goes as a power
$$R(r) ~\sim ~ r^{p} \qquad {\rm for} \qquad r~\to~ 0, \qquad p~\in~\mathbb{R}.$$
On general grounds, one can impose the following list of consistency conditions, listed with the weakest condition first and the strongest condition last.
 1. Normalizability of the wave function $$\infty~>~\langle\psi|\psi\rangle~=~\int d^3r~|\psi(\vec{r})|^2 ~\propto~ \int_0^{\infty} r^{2}dr~|R(r)|^2.$$ Integrability at $r=0$ yields that the power $p>-\frac{3}{2}$. In other words, this normalizability condition does not by itself imply that $R(r)$ or $u(r)$ should be regular at $r=0$, which is also the conclusion of many of the other answers.
 2. The expectation value of the potential energy $V$ should be bounded from below, $$-\infty~<~\langle\psi| V|\psi\rangle~=~\int d^3r~V(r)|\psi(\vec{r})|^2~\propto~-\int_0^{\infty} rdr~|R(r)|^2. $$ Integrability at $r=0$ yields that the power $p>-1$. In other words, $u(r)$ should be regular for $r\to 0$.
 3. The kinetic energy operator (or equivalently, the Laplacian $\Delta$) should behave self-adjointly for two wave functions $\psi_1(\vec{r})$ and $\psi_2(\vec{r})$, $$\langle\psi_1| \Delta\psi_2\rangle~=~-\langle\vec{\nabla}\psi_1| \cdot\vec{\nabla}\psi_2\rangle,$$ without picking up pathological contributions at $r=0$. A detailed analysis shows that the powers of the radial parts of $\psi_1(\vec{r})$ and $\psi_2(\vec{r})$ should satisfy $p>-\frac{1}{2}$.
In comparison, the actual bound state solutions have non-negative $p=\ell\in \mathbb{N}_0$, and therefore satisfy these three conditions.
share|improve this answer
In addition to the simply geometric constraints that Jerry and Lubos talk about, the derivation used to illustrate the problem almost always assumes that the proton is a point particle which is a pretty good approximation but not strictly true. Working the problem again with a realistic proton charge density function (roughly constant inside a radius of about 1 fm) would be another way to remove the singularity.
Mind you, you this argument does not hold true for the positronium so you still need the geometric constraint.
share|improve this answer
Re:positronium: wouldn't sub-Compton-wavelength renormalization of the Coulomb law soften the singularity? – Slaviks Apr 26 '12 at 19:28
_USER_: I'm a little on thin ice here, but I think that renormalization does solve the problem, but that's in the context of QFT, while this question seem to be phrased in the language of introductory QM. – dmckee Apr 26 '12 at 19:53
Sure, I was just entertaining the concept :) There is no singularity in the w.f., worrying in about the radial part is just staring at a singularity if the coordinate system, imho. – Slaviks Apr 26 '12 at 19:56
For Hydrogen, $R(r)$ does not diverge, as $U(r)$ vanishes as fast as (or faster than) $r$ as $r\rightarrow 0$. In fact, it's only for the $s$ orbitals that the wavefunction is non zero at $r=0$. But as pointed out before, a non-zero radial wavefunction does not mean a non-zero probability of finding the electron at the center.
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onian. a serious disease that affects the lungs and makes it difficult to breathe
carriagen. a large vehicle with four wheels that is pulled by a horse and that carries people
drawingn. a picture, image, etc., that is made by making lines on a surface with a pencil, pen, marker, chalk, but usually not with paint
leafn. one of the flat and typically green parts of a plant that grow from a stem or twig
laddern. a device used for climbing that has two long pieces of wood, metal, or rope with a series of steps or rungs between them
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PhD Scientific Days 2024
Budapest, 9-10 July 2024
Mental Health Sciences I.
Virtual Reality Based Preparation for MRI Examinations in Children.
Author(s)
Sándor Erdős MD1
1: Semmelweis University Pediatric Centre Tűzoltó Street Department
Text of the abstract
Virtual reality-based preparation for MRI examinations in children
Dr. Sándor Erdős
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often stressful for children as they must lie still in an unfamiliar, narrow machine for a long period of time. As a result, achieving high-quality images often requires general anesthesia, which comes with associated risks and can be costly due to the need for specialized staff and equipment. Previous studies have shown that educating children about the procedure can reduce anxiety levels and the need for anesthesia. Virtual reality (VR) technology introduced in such preparations could open up new possibilities, providing an immersive environment that creates a sense of presence.
Our research aims to reduce the number of children requiring anesthesia and measure psychological variables (fear, distress, awareness, mood) for MRI examinations using a VR experience designed to prepare them for the procedure.
In our randomized controlled trial, children aged 4-18 scheduled for MRI examinations under general anesthesia are randomized into three conditions: VR experience, informational booklet, and passive control. During the VR experience, the examination room is presented playfully, followed by an experience based on acceptance and commitment therapy. In the educational booklet condition, children are presented with a brochure. The passive control group receives standard care. Before the intervention and before and after the examination, we measure children's and parents' levels of fear, distress, mood, and awareness using visual analog scales. Furthermore, we record the duration of anesthesia and the drugs and dosages used.
The data collection phase of the study began on November 2, 2023. So far, we have screened 267 children, of which 71 were deemed eligible, and 55 agreed to participate in the study. Initial experiences suggest that VR technology has been positively received by children, their parents, and healthcare staff, with no significant adverse effects observed.
Based on our results, VR-based preparation could become part of everyday healthcare practice, reducing the need for general anesthesia and associated healthcare risks and costs.
The research is supported by the New National Excellence Program (UNKP-23-3-II-SE-86), the Ministry of Culture and Innovation, and the National Research, Development, and Innovation Office.


text:
What is Persistence?
Persistence is just taking today's weather and forecasting that tomorrow's weather will be exactly the same. This is considered an unskilled forecast because it doesn't take any special training to make. You can forecast the weather yourself this way! Just take today's high temperature, low temperature, and precipitation and say that tomorrow, and the next day, and the next, will be exactly the same.
If you see that the Persistence forecast has a higher accuracy percentage than the skilled forecasts, then you will know that they are not doing their job! The Persistence forecast should always be less accurate than the weather professionals.


Latin is one of the oldest languages that currently, is spoken by only a few. The language has its origin in Rome and only people who have affiliations to the region speak it. Nevertheless, it is a branch of languages that are classified as Indo-European.
There are major difference between Latin and English. This is regardless if the former is written or spoken. Nevertheless, this is experienced on the aspect of case marking and the order of words. The case marking is an aspect of morpheme that establishes the function of a word, sentence or phrase.
Case marking
As per the definition, a case is a morph syntactic relation to phrases that have nouns. As such, the purpose of the case is to identify the purpose of the noun phrase in the grammar. Nevertheless, the noun phrase can either be grammatically related to the other aspects of the sentence as either a noun or a subject.
The main difference between Latin and English with case marking mainly originates from the flexibility of the sentences. The sentence arrangement in Latin is very versatile. As such, the arrangement of a Latin sentence does not necessarily have to begin with a noun, which is to be followed by a verb.
To begin with, there is the accusative case in Latin. In this aspect, the nouns which are accusative in nature usually precedes verbs as well as objects. This is usually a case that usually meets the needs of various prepositions. Some of these examples include the subject and nominative aspect such as nurus est (wall is) and subject/nominative. An example of the latter is
construunt murum build wall
In another instance, a case may be represented as nominative. Nevertheless, it is an aspect that is used in marking a subject or noun on one of the copula sides. Such an example is
brutus construit Brutus builds
murus Est …is a wall…
The aspect of English sentences of rigidity in which the verb follows the subject does not permit the use of cases and case marking
Word order
There is a difference in the order of words in the two languages: English and Latin. This is mainly concerned with the type of words that are placed at either the beginning, the middle or at the end. Considering that Latin is an inflected language, the arrangement of words is not as important as its ending. This arrangement determines the role that each word will play in the sentence. In essence, the Latin language is very flexible. In comparison, the English language arrangement is that of the subject-verb-object. There is no flexibility in this arrangement.
As with the language, Latin can be written in a subject-verb-object arrangement. However, the most common is the arrangement that follows subject-object-verb. Other arrangements of the word arrangement of the Latin sentence are object-verb-subject, object-verb, verb-subject-object, and verb—object-subject.
As such, the (subject-verb –object) arrangement of the Latin as well as English sentences will be as follows:
 1. Senator aspexit structorem -The senator looked at the carpenter: Emphasis is on the carpenter
On the other hand, the subject-object arrangement of a sentence will be as follows:
 1. Crater senatoris Senator's bowl: Emphasis is on the bowl
Thirdly, to write the sentence in the order of object-subject-verb, a sentence will be as follows:
 1. Structor senatorem aspexit carpenter looked at the senator-Emphasis on the senator
Fourthly, to write the sentence in the order of verb-object-subject, it will be as follows:
 1. aspexit structor Senatoremlooking at the carpenter was the senatorin this case, the carpenter is the object while the senator is the subject. Nevertheless, emphasis is on the senator
As with the order of object-verb-subject, the sentence will be as follows;
 1. Senator aspexit structorem -The senator looked at the carpenter: in this case, the carpenter is the subject and emphasis is on him/her. As such, the senator is the object
In the above words arrangement, the emphasis is the senator and the carpenter. This is according to Latin arrangements whereby the first and last sentences are the most important. Nevertheless, this depends on the word to be emphasized and is very important in translation, as opposed to writing.


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Exchange Basics
Fee vs. Leasehold Land
 1. Under Section 1031(a), the word "like-kind" refers to the nature or character of the property and not to its grade or quality. One kind or class of property may not be exchanged under Section 1031 for property of a different kind or class.
 2. For example, the receipt of fee ownership in property in consideration for the execution of a long-term lease is not an exchange of property, but is instead the execution of a lease accompanied by the receipt of advance rental income.
 3. Similarly, the transfer of property and cash for the construction of a new plant on a taxpayer's land was held to represent the payment of consideration for the purchase of new property and not an exchange of like-kind property.
 4. In Revenue Ruling 72-601, the father and son were both farm owners. The son conveyed a life estate in his farm to his father, while reserving a remainder interest for himself. The father conveyed a remainder interest in his farm to his son, reserving a life estate for himself. The IRS ruled that the son merely transferred the right to use his farm for a period of years and received in return the equivalent of rental income and not property qualifying under Section 1031. The father transferred a remainder interest in return for a leasehold of less than 30 years' duration, when measured against his life expectancy. The leasehold was thus not like-kind property, and the transaction was taxable. If the father's life expectancy had equaled or exceeded 30 years, the father's transfer might have qualified, but not the son's.
 5. Similar results should be expected in exchanges involving what is essentially a right to receive income represented by contracts, patents, copyrights, etc.
 6. A transaction structured to be a sale of the taxpayer's property followed by a leaseback of the same property may be construed as an exchange of a fee absolute estate for a leasehold estate. The IRS has argued for exchange treatment in this context to prevent a taxpayer from recognizing a loss on the "sale" transaction.
 7. An exchange of real property for personal property does not qualify because the nature or character of the property is not of like-kind. The fact that property is improved or unimproved relates only to its grade or quality and not to its kind or class. A leasehold of a fee with 30 years or more to run and real estate in fee are of "like-kind."
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Reading, Desire, and the Eucharist in Early Modern Religious Poetry
The courtly love tradition had a great influence on the themes of religious poetry—just as an absent beloved could be longed for passionately, so too could a distant God be the subject of desire. But when authors began to perceive God as immanently available, did the nature and interpretation of devotional verse change? Ryan Netzley argues that early modern religious lyrics presented both desire and reading as free, loving activities, rather than as endless struggles or dramatic quests.
Reading, Desire, and the Eucharist analyzes the work of prominent early modern writers—including John Milton, Richard Crashaw, John Donne, and George Herbert—whose religious poetry presented parallels between sacramental desire and the act of understanding written texts. Netzley finds that by directing devotees to crave spiritual rather than worldly goods, these poets questioned ideas not only of what people should desire, but also how they should engage in the act of yearning. Challenging fundamental assumptions of literary criticism, Reading, Desire, and the Eucharist shows how poetry can encourage love for its own sake, rather than in the hopes of salvation.
- World Rights
- Page Count: 304 pages
- Dimensions: 6.3in x 0.9in x 9.4in
Author InformationRyan Netzley is an assistant professor in the Department of English at Southern Illinois University, Carbondale.
Table of contents
Introduction: Desiring Sacraments and Reading Real Presencein Seventeenth-Century Religious Poetry
- Take and Taste, Take and Read: Desiring, Reading, and Taking Presence in George Herbert's The Temple
- Reading Indistinction: Desire, Indistinguishability, and Metonymic Reading in Richard Crashaw's Religious Lyrics
- Loving Fear: Affirmative Anxiety in John Donne's Divine Poems
- Desiring What Has Already Happened: Reading Prolepsis and Immanence in John Milton's Early Poems and Paradise Regained
Conclusion: Reading Is Love
Subjects and Courses


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The Hoh Rainforest, located in Olympic National Park in Washington state, USA, is a biodiverse wonderland that is home to a wide variety of plant and animal species. It is one of the few remaining temperate rainforests in the world and receives an average of 12 to 14 feet of rain each year, making it a lush and thriving ecosystem. The Hoh Rainforest is important for several reasons. First and foremost, it is a critical habitat for many species, including the endangered northern spotted owl, as well as salmon and steelhead trout that spawn in the nearby Hoh River. The forest also provides important ecological services, such as carbon sequestration and oxygen production, and helps to regulate the local climate.
Additionally, the Hoh Rainforest is an important cultural site for the Quileute Tribe, who have lived in the area for thousands of years and rely on the forest for subsistence and cultural practices. The forest is also a popular destination for tourists and outdoor enthusiasts, providing opportunities for hiking, camping, and wildlife viewing. This article explores the wonders of the Hoh Rainforest, highlighting what makes it stand out from other rainforests around the world.
History of the Hoh Rainforest
The Hoh Rainforest has a rich and complex history that spans thousands of years. The area has been inhabited by Native American tribes, including the Quileute, for at least 2,000 years, who have relied on the forest for subsistence and cultural practices. In the late 1700s, European explorers began to arrive in the area, and in the mid-1800s, American settlers began to establish homesteads in the region. The settlers cleared large swaths of forest for agriculture and logging, which had a significant impact on the ecosystem and the Native American way of life. In the early 1900s, the United States government recognized the need to preserve some of the remaining old-growth forests in the Pacific Northwest, including the Hoh Rainforest. In 1938, the area was designated a national monument, and in 1981, it became part of Olympic National Park.
Today, the Hoh Rainforest is a protected area that is carefully managed to balance the needs of conservation, recreation, and cultural preservation. The forest remains an important site for the Quileute Tribe, who continue to rely on its resources for traditional practices, and it attracts visitors from around the world who come to experience its unique beauty and biodiversity.
Biodiversity of the Hoh Rainforest
The Hoh Rainforest is known for its remarkable biodiversity, with a wide range of plant and animal species that call this lush and thriving ecosystem home.
Flora of the Hoh Rainforest
The forest is characterized by towering trees, including Sitka spruce, western hemlock, and Douglas fir, as well as a variety of ferns, mosses, and lichens that thrive in damp and humid environments. The forest floor is also covered in a thick layer of decaying organic material, which provides important nutrients for the plants and fungi that grow there.
Fauna of the Hoh Rainforest
The forest is home to a diverse array of animal species, including several that are rare or endangered. Mammals that can be found in the forest include black bears, elk, cougars, and several species of rodents, while bird species include northern spotted owls, marbled murrelets, and several species of woodpeckers. The Hoh River that runs through the forest also provides important habitat for salmon and steelhead trout, which migrate upstream to spawn.
Endangered Species in the Hoh Rainforest
Several species that are considered endangered or threatened can be found in the Hoh Rainforest, including the northern spotted owl, which is highly dependent on the old-growth forest for nesting and foraging, as well as the marbled murrelet, a seabird that nests in old-growth trees near the coast. Other endangered or threatened species that can be found in the forest include bull trout, Chinook salmon, and steelhead trout.
Geography and Climate of the Hoh Rainforest
The Hoh Rainforest is located on the Olympic Peninsula in western Washington state, USA. It is situated within Olympic National Park and covers an area of approximately 24 square miles (62 square kilometers). The forest is part of the larger Olympic Mountains, which run along the western edge of the Olympic Peninsula and rise to elevations of over 7,000 feet (2,134 meters). The Hoh Rainforest is located in the foothills of the mountains, at an elevation of around 500 feet (152 meters) above sea level.
The climate of the Hoh Rainforest is characterized by abundant precipitation and relatively mild temperatures. The forest receives an average of 140 to 170 inches (355 to 432 cm) of rain per year, with the majority falling between October and May. Summers are typically cool and wet, while winters are mild with occasional snowfall. The Hoh River runs through the forest, providing an important source of freshwater and habitat for fish and other aquatic species. The river flows westward from the mountains and empties into the Pacific Ocean near the town of La Push.
The Hoh Rainforest is surrounded by a diverse array of ecosystems, including subalpine meadows, alpine tundra, and coastal beaches. The forest is also located near several other protected areas, including Olympic National Forest, Olympic Wilderness, and the Pacific Coast.
Did you know?
Studies have shown that spending time in forests and other natural environments can have a positive impact on psychological health. Here are some of the ways that forest experiences can benefit mental well-being:
- Reduced stress and anxiety: Spending time in a forest environment has been shown to reduce levels of the stress hormone cortisol, as well as lower symptoms of anxiety and depression. Exposure to natural sounds and sights, such as birdsong and greenery, can have a calming effect on the mind and body.
- Improved cognitive function: Forest experiences have been linked to improved attention, memory, and creativity. Some researchers suggest that exposure to natural environments may help to "recharge" the brain and improve mental clarity and focus.
- Enhanced mood and well-being: Being in a forest can also boost feelings of happiness, relaxation, and overall well-being. The natural beauty of forests can inspire awe and wonder, and the sense of being connected to nature can provide a sense of perspective and meaning.
- Increased physical activity: Visiting a forest may also encourage physical activity, such as hiking or walking, which has been linked to numerous physical and mental health benefits. Regular physical activity can improve cardiovascular health, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and improve mood and self-esteem.
Unique Features of the Hoh Rainforest
The Hoh Rainforest has several unique features that make it stand out from other rainforests around the world. One of the most notable features is the presence of old-growth forest, which contains some of the largest and oldest trees in the world. These trees can be over 1,000 years old and provide important habitat for a variety of plant and animal species.
Another unique feature of the Hoh Rainforest is its diverse range of microclimates. The forest contains several distinct areas, each with its own unique plant and animal life. For example, the Hall of Mosses is a section of the forest that is characterized by its dense growth of mosses and ferns. This area is home to several species of birds and is a popular destination for hikers.
Threats to the Hoh Rainforest
The Hoh Rainforest is facing a range of threats, both natural and human-made, that are putting its unique ecosystem at risk. Some of the most significant threats to the forest include:
Climate change: The Hoh Rainforest, like other ecosystems around the world, is being impacted by climate change. According to the National Park Service, the average temperature in the park has increased by 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit (0.8 degrees Celsius) since 1895, and glaciers in the Olympic Mountains have lost more than 80% of their mass since 1900. These changes are expected to have significant impacts on the forest, including changes in precipitation patterns and the potential loss of important plant and animal species.
Invasive species: The Hoh Rainforest is threatened by a variety of invasive species, including non-native plants like English ivy and Himalayan blackberry, as well as animals like feral pigs and non-native trout species. These invasive species can outcompete native species for resources and disrupt the balance of the ecosystem.
Timber harvesting: While logging is no longer allowed in the Hoh Rainforest itself, nearby areas of Olympic National Forest are still actively logged. According to the National Park Service, over 80% of the original old-growth forests in the Pacific Northwest have been lost to logging, which has significant impacts on the biodiversity and health of the forest.
Air pollution: The Hoh Rainforest is impacted by air pollution from sources like power plants, factories, and vehicles. This pollution can cause acid rain, which damages trees and other plants, and can also have negative impacts on human health.
Human impact: The Hoh Rainforest is a popular tourist destination, and human visitation can have negative impacts on the forest. These impacts include damage to trails, littering, and disturbance of wildlife. The National Park Service works to manage visitor impacts and promote responsible use of the forest.
The Hoh Rainforest is a unique and amazing natural wonder that is home to some of the most diverse and lush forests in the world. Its rich history, unique geography and climate, diverse flora and fauna, and preservation efforts make it stand out from other rainforests around the world. Visitors to the Hoh Rainforest can explore its beauty through various activities, while also appreciating the importance of preserving this remarkable ecosystem for future generations.
FUND THE PLANET is on a mission to protect and conserve the Amazon rainforest and its natural ecosystems. We provide a trackable and sustainable environmental solution that enables people from around the world to adopt and protect endangered rainforests. You can play a part in preventing the collapse of the Amazon Forest and the fight against climate change by owning


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Technical details of the SandMaster
Keeps the sand bed clean when in operation.
Fouling monitoring & automatic control
The level sensor in the inlet distribution compartment monitors the fouling of the sand filter. This level sensor first adjusts the auger speed of the sand washer. When it reaches its maximum speed it will proceed by closing the intake valve, enabling the sand washers to catch up with sand cleaning.
After the auger speed and water level have dropped to their minimum levels, the water intake is resumed.
Even sand distribution
Sand washers travel horizontally over the sand bed ensuring even distribution of the sand over the sand bed.


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Was Orangeman Edward De Cobain jailed for a crime he didn't commit?
Was a Belfast MP who was given 12 months hard labour for acts of gross indecency framed? A BBC Radio Ulster documentary has chronicled the controversial life of Edward De Cobain. BBC NI's Political Reporter Stephen Walker has been following a story of power, sex and ultimately disgrace...
The new Public Records Office in Belfast's Titanic Quarter houses some fascinating documents.
The archived boxes of papers and files are a treasure trove for journalists, historians and anyone interested in researching the past.
It is home to many secrets.
Last month producer Robin Sheeran and I spent hours in the reading rooms going through court reports and witness statements from one of the most scandalous trials of the 1890s.
We were interested in the case of Edward Samuel Wesley De Cobain, a former MP and Orangeman who was found guilty of committing acts of gross indecency.
De Cobain was a colourful figure who had taken on the political establishment and surprisingly won the East Belfast parliamentary seat as an Independent Conservative in 1885.
A street preacher and a Orange Order Grand Master he often made anti-Catholic statements which meant he attracted headlines and enemies in equal measure.
He antagonised the Royal Irish Constabulary in 1886 when he criticised their handling of the Belfast riots. He also came into conflict with the city's industrialists when he promoted workers rights a stance that put him at odds with Sir Edward Harland who was Belfast's biggest employer.
In 1891 the East Belfast MP's life changed forever when the police issued a warrant for his arrest.
He was charged with committing acts of gross indecency with men at his Ormeau Road home and in a city centre office.
A senior police officer travelled to England to interview the politician, but he could not be found. The parliamentarian had escaped to France and Spain and eventually went to the United States of America where he became a street preacher in Brooklyn.
De Cobain finally returned home after two years of exile. By that stage, he had been thrown out of the Orange Order and had been expelled from the House of Commons.
The case came to court and on St Patrick's Day in 1893 his trial began. The former MP claimed he had been the victim of blackmail and his barrister alleged that the charges were as a result of a conspiracy.
The court heard how the MP had allegedly kissed a number of men and touched them inappropriately. The twelve man jury took just 40 minutes to return a guilty verdict. De Cobain was sentenced to twelve months imprisonment with hard labour.
Over a century on, a reappraisal of the case against Edward De Cobain has raised questions over his conviction.
Documents seen by the BBC contain allegations that some individuals were encouraged to make statements against the former MP and one individual was allegedly offered £500.
We contacted Phil De Cobain who is a businessman in North Yorkshire. He is Edward's great-great nephew and insists his ancestor could have been the victim of a conspiracy.
He said that "would be the view of the family".
He added that there was an "awful lot of contributory evidence to suggest that maybe he was framed".
Historian Nicola Morris who has researched De Cobain's life said the disgraced politician was convinced his enemies had conspired against him.
She told the BBC that many people would have been pleased to see him in prison.
She reveals in the documentary that "it is not beyond the realms of possibility that there was a set up".
Following his conviction in 1893 Edward De Cobain's public life was over and after he was released from prison he lived away from the gaze of publicity until his death in Bangor in 1908.
During his political career he was seen by many observers as a new kind of MP. He was backed by the Orange Order and supported working class unionism.
He had many roles aside from being a politician and was a firebrand, a street preacher and an agitator who was not frightened to take on the establishment.
Academics are divided on his contribution to Irish politics. Historian Eamon Phoenix says De Cobain had ability and amongst Conservatives and Unionists was "a potential leader".
Author and gay rights campaigner Jeff Dudgeon said De Cobain was "an outrageous hypocrite" who achieved little politically.
Nicola Morris said the high point of De Cobains career was his election victory in 1885 and he is famous for being convicted rather than for his political views.
However you judge Edward De Cobain, his life was certainly marked by power, scandal and disgrace. It is an intriguing episode from our Victorian past that has largely been forgotten and a fascinating story hidden in the archives that is worth re-telling.
"A very Victorian sex scandal". BBC Radio Ulster, Sunday 18 September 13:30.


a reference or undef if it does not exist. The C<$variable_name> must contain a leading sigil. =item B<< $metapackage->get_or_add_package_symbol($variable_name) >> Given a variable name, this method returns the variable as a reference. If it does not exist, a default value will be generated if possible. The C<$variable_name> must contain a leading sigil. =item B<< $metapackage->has_package_symbol($variable_name) >> Returns true if there is a package variable defined for C<$variable_name>. The C<$variable_name> must contain a leading sigil. =item B<< $metapackage->remove_package_symbol($variable_name) >> This will remove the package variable specified C<$variable_name>. The C<$variable_name> must contain a leading sigil. =item B<< $metapackage->remove_package_glob($glob_name) >> Given the name of a glob, this will remove that glob from the package's symbol table. Glob names do not include a sigil. Removing the glob removes all variables and subroutines with the specified name. =item B<< $metapackage->list_all_package_symbols($type_filter) >> This will list all the glob names associated with the current package. These names do not have leading sigils. You can provide an optional type filter, which should be one of 'SCALAR', 'ARRAY', 'HASH', or 'CODE'. =item B<< $metapackage->get_all_package_symbols($type_filter) >> This works much like C, but it returns a hash reference. The keys are glob names and the values are references to the value for that name. =item B<< Class::MOP::Package->meta >> This will return a L instance for this class. =back =head1 AUTHOR Stevan Little =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE This software is copyright (c) 2011 by Infinity Interactive, Inc.. This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself. =cut __END__


text:
Low Temperature Chiller Power Installation Requirements
The operation of the low temperature chiller must usually be used under the premise of the power cord, and the chiller can obtain a more efficient cooling function under the premise of the power supply to meet the requirements. What are the power installation requirements for chillers?
1. The power supply of the low temperature chiller is used for three-phase 4-wire, the power line is connected to the power line, the neutral line, and the ground line.
2. The unit uses the perforation on the main power cord electric control box to connect to the post in the box to ensure the connection is tight.
3. Power distribution request: main power supply voltage: extra voltage ±10%
4. The low temperature chiller has current overload protection, high pressure pressure protection compressor discharge end, motor coating overheat protection, waterproof protection, coolant protection, maintenance, and control circuit advancement.
5. Shake the main power supply voltage to the predetermined scale, disable the initial water mixer, otherwise the operation will not work properly, and the damage caused is not within the scope of the company's maintenance.
6. Water flow switch, water pump, coolant tower motor, etc. If necessary, the unit control circuit can be installed accurately when necessary.
Since the main function of the low-temperature chiller is to cool and create a low-temperature environment, and the operation of the chiller must be carried out under the premise of connecting the power cord, the chiller has high power installation requirements, and it is necessary to keep the wire connection stable.
We are a professional manufacturer of temperature control equipment, supporting customized services, please consult us for details!
Temperature Control Range: -150°C to +50°C
Dynamic Temperature Control Systems
Temperature Control Range: -120°C to +350°C
Temperature Control Range: -40°C to +100°C
Temperature Control Range: -85°C to +250°C
Temperature Control Range: -150°C to -10°C


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Issue | Canada engages in a new approach to resolve specific claims made by First Nations.
Synopsis | The Specific Claims Tribunal Act established an administrative tribunal with the authority to make binding decisions on claims and to award monetary compensation up to $150 million per claim. Claims over $150 million will be dealt with through a specially mandated Cabinet process.
Timing | Under the Specific Claims Tribunal Act, certain claims will be eligible for filing with the Specific Claims Tribunal as of 16 October 2011.
Federal policy divides Aboriginal land claims into two broad categories: specific claims and comprehensive claims. Specific claims arise from the alleged non-fulfillment of historic treaties between First Nations and the Crown, or improper administration of First Nations lands and other assets by the Crown. Comprehensive claims are based on the assertion of continuing Aboriginal rights and title that have not been dealt with by treaty or other legal means. This overview focuses on the specific claims process.
Between April 2010 and April 2011, 18 specific claims were settled at a total value of approximately $666 million. The monetary value of the claims settled in this period ranged from $134,283 to $231.4 million. As of 5 April 2011, 503 specific claims remain in the federal inventory of claims under assessment or in negotiations.1
Over the past several years, the federal specific claims process has been the subject of legal and policy reform initiatives intended to reduce the backlog of outstanding claims. In response to a 2006 report of the Standing Senate Committee on Aboriginal Peoples, which highlighted the need for reforms to the specific claims process in several areas, the federal government launched Specific Claims: Justice at Last – Canada's Specific Claims Action Plan in June 2007. The reforms proposed in the action plan included an independent tribunal to make binding decisions on claims that cannot be resolved by negotiations, dedicated funding for specific claims settlements, and practical measures to improve the processing of both small and large claims.2
|Location of Specific Claims Under Assessment or in Negotiations (as of 5 April 2011)|
|Source: Figure prepared by the Library of Parliament using data obtained from Indian and Northern Affairs Canada.|
The Specific Claims Tribunal Act was introduced in the House of Commons on 27 November 2007 and came into force on 16 October 2008. The Act creates the Specific Claims Tribunal, an administrative tribunal composed of Superior Court judges with authority to make binding decisions on claims and to award monetary compensation up to a maximum of $150 million per claim.
The Act stipulates that a First Nation may file a claim with the tribunal if the claim has been previously filed with the minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, and if:
In effect, the Specific Claims Tribunal Act introduces three-year timelines for the assessment and negotiation of specific claims. As a result of these timelines, certain cases will become eligible for filing with the tribunal as of 16 October 2011.
With this deadline in view, the Specific Claims Tribunal is currently preparing for the commencement of operations. Between November 2009 and November 2010, several Superior Court judges were appointed to the tribunal, and Justice Harry Slade was appointed as its chairperson. Draft Rules of Practice and Procedure were made public in June 2010 and are currently under review by the Department of Justice. The tribunal's first annual report, dated 30 September 2010, provides a synopsis of work undertaken to that date and of anticipated activities through the current and following fiscal years.3
The introduction of the Specific Claims Tribunal Act in November 2007 was accompanied by the signing of a political agreement between the Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development and the National Chief of the Assembly of First Nations. The political agreement provides for additional discussion on improvements in the resolution of specific claims not directly addressed in the legislation, including matters related to claims that exceed the monetary cap of $150 million. The development of a Cabinet process to address claims over $150 million is ongoing.
© Library of Parliament 2011


To help medieval knights tell friend from foe, they emblazoned their symbols on themselves, but these symbols needed to be clear. As a result when you're creating heraldric arms, you need to follow the Rule of Tincture - and it's a handy rule for your PowerPoint too.
The colors you use in heraldry are divided into two classes: metals and colors. In the basic heraldric system there are two metals: white (silver) and yellow (gold). Everything else is a color. The rule of tincture says that you cannot put a metal on a metal, or a color on a color. Applying that now, it means that if you have a blue (color) square, any text you put on it should be a metal (white or yellow).
As I've stated it above, the rule is simplified for heraldry, let alone slides. But I've found it a useful guideline to keep my slides easy to read.


Connect to your data
To be effective as a data science tool, RapidMiner Studio has to first connect to your data.
 - If the data is in a file on your computer, RapidMiner Studio has to read the file format.
 - If the data is in a database, RapidMiner Studio has to connect to that database, and know the language of that database (SQL / NoSQL).
 - If the data is in the cloud, RapidMiner Studio has to connect to the cloud service and know its API.
 - If the data is imported from or exported to another software tool, for example Python or Tableau, RapidMiner Studio has to know about that tool.
 - If the connection is via a proxy or a self-signed SSL certificate, RapidMiner Studio has to navigate that hurdle.
The good news is that RapidMiner Studio supports a wide range of file formats, databases, cloud services, and other software tools, either natively or via extensions.
Connection Objects
The concept of a connection object was introduced in RapidMiner Studio 9.3.
You can convert your legacy connections into connection objects.
When the connection to your data occurs over a network, you must first create a connection object. A connection object enables the connection to a database, cloud, or email service. All connection objects are stored in a repository, in the Connection Folder Icon Connections subfolder.
From now on, we'll simply call them connections, remembering however that they have similarities to other objects in the repository. You can, for example, drag a database connection into the Process Panel to Retrieve it, before connecting the output to the Read Database Operator.
To create a connection, right-click on the Connection Folder Icon Connections folder, and select Create Connection Icon Create Connection. The Create connection dialog opens, and you can configure your connection. If you're connecting to an SQL database:
 1. Choose the Connection Type (DB Connection Icon Database), Repository (where the connection will be stored) and Connection Name.
 2. Press Create Connection Icon Create and the Edit Connection dialog opens.
 3. Under the Setup tab, select the Database System and fill in User, Password, Host, Port, and (optionally) the Database name.
 4. Press Test Connection Icon Test connection. Once it's working, Save IconSave the connection. The connection will appear in the Connection Folder Icon Connections subfolder of the repository you selected in step (1).
You can view the connection details at any time by double-clicking on the connection in the Repository Panel, or by right-clicking on the connection and choosing Open Icon Open or Open Icon Edit.
Injected parameters: sharing connections
Connection objects can be shared.
Suppose that a group of users has access to the same database, and they collaborate on RapidMiner Server. Can they share the database connection, without sharing their usernames and passwords? The answer is yes!
The solution is to build the connection as a template, where all the common parameters are pre-filled, and all the parameters unique to each user are injected. The values of the injected parameters are not stored in the connection object, but retrieved from an external source every time the connection is used. Possible external sources include macros and secure storage on RapidMiner Server.
To create a connection in a RapidMiner Server repository, or to copy a connection to a RapidMiner Server repository, a user has to belong to the connection manager group. See Sharing and permissions.
In outline, assuming the database credentials will be securely stored on RapidMiner Server, the whole process of using a connection template might proceed as follows. We'll call the user with the connection manager role the admin.
 1. Within RapidMiner Studio, the admin creates a connection in a RapidMiner Server repository. While it's possible to create a connection in a local repository, that connection will only provide macros as an injection source.
 2. While editing the connection, the admin presses the button Inject Parameters Icon Set injected parameters and selects the parameters whose values will be left blank until later (e.g. User and Password). The admin must also choose RapidMiner Server as the source of the injected values.
 3. To set the injected values, a user must connect to the web interface of RapidMiner Server. Either click the link displayed in the Edit connection dialog
 or connect directly to the web interface, then navigate to Repository > Connections, and identify the connection by name. A warning says: This connection has missing values. The user clicks the link, fills in his or her own username and password, and presses the button Save in RapidMiner Server, where the credentials are securely saved. Step (3) needs to be repeated by each individual user.
For more details, read the RapidMiner Server documentation Create connections and Usage and injection.
Macros as a source of injected parameters
Within RapidMiner Studio, using values from process macros for your connection settings is immediately possible. When editing a connection, press Inject Parameters Icon Set injected parameters and choose which parameters should get values from macros. The macro name then needs to match the parameter key to be able to inject that value. The parameter key can be found in the information next to the parameter.
Configuration for the macro source is optional. Without configuring a prefix, the macro name has to match the parameter key. If the prefix for the configuration is given, the macro name has to match the prefix followed by an underscore (_), ending with the parameter key. For the prefix myprefix the parameter key user would require the macro name
The macro that should be used will be shown when setting injection, as well as in the view and edit dialogs themselves.
Use this for your macro to properly inject it into the connection.
Placeholders can be used inside any configuration parameter's value to reference other parameters. It is possible to concatenate placeholders and free text. Nesting of placeholders is not supported.
Since the syntax for placeholders is the same as for macros, it is important to make the context clear:
 - The context for macros is processes.
 - The context for placeholders is connections.
A placeholder can access parameter values from the current tab as well as from any other tab. To find out the key of a field you want to reference via placeholder in a different field, look at the information tooltip of the original field. The Full key is what you're looking for:
To use this placeholder in another field, simply reference the full key in the other field by surrounding it with a percentage sign (%) and curly brackets ({}), like this:
If a placeholder cannot be resolved, it is simply replaced with an empty string, but still counts as an injected value and will not fail the process execution.
The JDBC based database connections use this mechanism to create the URL from the parameters.
Without parameter information the URL consists of several placeholders and a double colon. By setting the parameters these values are replaced.
Use the placeholder system exactly like this to configure dynamic parameter values.


text:
What is a Pseudolite?
A pseudolite (or pseudo-satellite) is any device that performs a specific task that would otherwise require a satellite. So, for example, a dedicated transmitter might be deployed to extend the reach of a GNSS to areas where the satellite signals are either blocked or jammed, and there has been considerable success with deployment of pseudolites to extend GPS coverage indoors. These are relatively simple devices that only transmit the coarse acquisition code.
Pseudolites are also used to simulate future GNSS satellites in a real-world environment as well as for robotic guidance in space exploration.
A single-channel GNSS simulator (or signal generator) can be used as a pseudolite, particularly in the research and development arena. However, care needs to be taken when operating powerful transmitters within GNSS bands. Clearly, highly sensitive GNSS receivers designed to capture minute signals from distant satellites will not react well to high-power transmissions on their receiving frequencies.
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If Disney Ran Your Life
How Business Advising and Foster Parenting are similar
Disney Creativity Keynote Speakers
Worth a second, closer, look.
How Business Advising and Foster Parenting are similar.
Your love and affection for both are deep and real.
You work like everything matters.
And yet.
And yet there's a reality that's hard to shake off.
It is someone else's company.
It is someone else's child.
You care so much, and yet you must surrender to the reality that you do not have final say on any outcomes.
PS. Fostering and adopting are distinctly different. You can adopt a child you've been fostering, but the assumption in this example is that that never happens.
- • • • •
By jeff noel


text:
PDHPE. Mime, Circus, Non-verbal language, body cues and emotions.
While Dennis Clare often speaks throughout the show, his loveable characters are mainly mute and their world is a world of imagination where the unexpected is the norm. This is a world in which giant, but incredibly mobile slinkies are inhabited by silent, yet sociable characters. The intentions, wants and moods of these gregarious creations are totally understood by the audience and thus their intriguing stories are told. Single eyes, some huge, others small, appear and make their opinions known with nothing more than a tilt, sudden move or a long, still stare.
Other characters possess adorable traits like, slinky arms or giant arms with a two metre reach. There is a hat whose best friend is a ring and both appear to have a mind of their own. Add to this world some miming classics like the agile walking stick, masks, incredible balancing and juggling and you have the totally entertaining fifty minutes that is Mime-O-Rama.
This welcoming world of mime allows students to interpret the language for themselves; to open up their imagination and realize there is so much more to communicating than just the language we speak.
Your students will be talking about Mime-O-Rama long after the show has finished.
Mime-O-Rama was FANTASTIC!!! We have had some wonderful incursions from School Performance Tours but this was the standout. Immersive, engaging and interactive - even the 'hardest to reach' students were on the edge of their seats.
16th March 2022. Jennie Irving. Andale School Kew. Vic.
The performance by Dennis Clare "Mime-O-Rama" was exceptional. Dennis was able to engage all the Andale students and keep them engaged for the entire performance (a feat not often achieved with our students!)
Lynne Medici. Andale School. Kew. Vic.
Price: $5.50 per student (GST incl.).
Suitable: Preps, K to Year 7.
Minimum Audience Size: 130 students.
Times: Show: 50 minutes duration. Set up: 20 minutes. Pack up: 10 minutes.
Requires: an indoor performing area 4m deep x 5m wide.


Utililty classes and functions
There are number of functions and classes that might be useful for working with data outside the Hoggorm package. They are provided here for convenience.
Functions in hoggorm.statTools module
The hoggorm.statTools module provides some functions that can be useful when working with multivariate data sets.
hoggorm.statTools.center(arr, axis=0)
This function centers an array column-wise or row-wise.
Parameters:arrX (numpy array) – A numpy array containing the data
Returns:Mean centered data.
Return type:numpy array
Examples
>>> import hoggorm as ho
>>> # Column centering of array
>>> centData = ho.center(data, axis=0)
>>> # Row centering of array
>>> centData = ho.center(data, axis=1)
hoggorm.statTools.matrixRank(arr, tol=1e-08)
Computes the rank of an array/matrix, i.e. number of linearly independent variables. This is not the same as numpy.rank() which only returns the number of ways (2-way, 3-way, etc) an array/matrix has.
Parameters:arrX (numpy array) – A numpy array containing the data
Returns:Rank of matrix.
Return type:scalar
Examples
>>> import hoggorm as ho
>>>
>>> # Get the rank of the data
>>> ho.matrixRank(myData)
>>> 8
hoggorm.statTools.ortho(arr1, arr2)
This function orthogonalises arr1 with respect to arr2. The function then returns orthogonalised array arr1_orth.
Parameters:
 - arr1 (numpy array) – A numpy array containing some data
 - arr2 (numpy array) – A numpy array containing some data
Returns:
A numpy array holding orthogonalised numpy array arr1.
Return type:
numpy array
Examples
some examples
hoggorm.statTools.standardise(arr, mode=0)
This function standardises the input array either column-wise (mode = 0) or row-wise (mode = 1).
Parameters:
 - arrX (numpy array) – A numpy array containing the data
 - selection (int) – An integer indicating whether standardisation should happen column wise or row wise.
Returns:
Standardised data.
Return type:
numpy array
Examples
>>> import hoggorm as ho
>>> # Standardise array column-wise
>>> standData = ho.standardise(data, mode=0)
>>> # Standardise array row-wise
>>> standData = ho.standarise(data, mode=1)
Cross validation classes in hoggorm.cross_val module
Hoggorm classes PCA, PLSR and PCR use a number classes for computation of the models which are found in the hoggorm.cross_val module.
The cross validation classes in this module are used inside the multivariate statistical methods and may be called upon using the cvType input parameter for these methods. They are not intended to be used outside the multivariate statistical methods, even though it is possible. They are shown here to illustrate how the different cross validation options work.
The code in this module is based on the cross_val.py module from scikt-learn 0.4. It is adapted to work with hoggorm.
Authors:
Alexandre Gramfort <_EMAIL_>
Gael Varoquaux <_EMAIL_>
License: BSD Style.
class hoggorm.cross_val.KFold(n, k)
K-Folds cross validation iterator: Provides train/test indexes to split data in train test sets
__init__(n, k)
K-Folds cross validation iterator: Provides train/test indexes to split data in train test sets
Parameters:
 - n (int) – Total number of elements
 - k (int) – number of folds
Examples
>>> import hoggorm as ho
>>> X = [[1, 2], [3, 4], [1, 2], [3, 4]]
>>> y = [1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> kf = ho.KFold(4, k=2)
>>> for train_index, test_index in kf:
... print "TRAIN:", train_index, "TEST:", test_index
... X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = cross_val.split(train_index, test_index, X, y)
TRAIN: [False False True True] TEST: [ True True False False]
TRAIN: [ True True False False] TEST: [False False True True]
Notes
All the folds have size trunc(n/k), the last one has the complementary
class hoggorm.cross_val.LeaveOneLabelOut(labels)
Leave-One-Label_Out cross-validation iterator: Provides train/test indexes to split data in train test sets
__init__(labels)
Leave-One-Label_Out cross validation: Provides train/test indexes to split data in train test sets
Parameters:labels (list) – List of labels
Examples
>>> import hoggorm as ho
>>> X = [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6], [7, 8]]
>>> y = [1, 2, 1, 2]
>>> labels = [1, 1, 2, 2]
>>> lolo = ho.LeaveOneLabelOut(labels)
>>> for train_index, test_index in lol:
... print "TRAIN:", train_index, "TEST:", test_index
... X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = cross_val.split(train_index, test_index, X, y)
... print X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test
TRAIN: [False False True True] TEST: [ True True False False]
[[5 6]
[7 8]] [[1 2]
[3 4]] [1 2] [1 2]
TRAIN: [ True True False False] TEST: [False False True True]
[[1 2]
[3 4]] [[5 6]
[7 8]] [1 2] [1 2]
class hoggorm.cross_val.LeaveOneOut(n)
Leave-One-Out cross validation iterator: Provides train/test indexes to split data in train test sets
__init__(n)
Leave-One-Out cross validation iterator: Provides train/test indexes to split data in train test sets
Parameters:n (int) – Total number of elements
Examples
>>> import hoggorm as ho
>>> X = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
>>> y = [1, 2]
>>> loo = ho.LeaveOneOut(2)
>>> for train_index, test_index in loo:
... print "TRAIN:", train_index, "TEST:", test_index
... X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = cross_val.split(train_index, test_index, X, y)
... print X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test
TRAIN: [False True] TEST: [ True False]
[[3 4]] [[1 2]] [2] [1]
TRAIN: [ True False] TEST: [False True]
[[1 2]] [[3 4]] [1] [2]
class hoggorm.cross_val.LeavePOut(n, p)
Leave-P-Out cross validation iterator: Provides train/test indexes to split data in train test sets
__init__(n, p)
Leave-P-Out cross validation iterator: Provides train/test indexes to split data in train test sets
Parameters:
 - n (int) – Total number of elements
 - p (int) – Size test sets
Examples
>>> import hoggorm as ho
>>> X = [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6], [7, 8]]
>>> y = [1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> lpo = ho.LeavePOut(4, 2)
>>> for train_index, test_index in lpo:
... print "TRAIN:", train_index, "TEST:", test_index
... X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = cross_val.split(train_index, test_index, X, y)
TRAIN: [False False True True] TEST: [ True True False False]
TRAIN: [False True False True] TEST: [ True False True False]
TRAIN:


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MSSQLSERVER_4186
Product Name
SQL Server
Product Version
10.0
Product Build Number

Event ID
4186
Event Source
MSSQLSERVER
Component
SQLEngine
Symbolic Name

Message Text
Column '%ls.%.*ls' cannot be referenced in the OUTPUT clause because the column definition contains a subquery or references a function that performs user or system data access. A function is assumed by default to perform data access if it is not schemabound. Consider removing the subquery or function from the column definition or removing the column from the OUTPUT clause.
To prevent nondeterministic behavior, the OUTPUT clause cannot reference a column from a view or inline table-valued function when that column is defined by one of the following methods:
 - A subquery.
 - A user-defined function that performs user or system data access, or is assumed to perform such access.
 - A computed column that contains a user-defined function that performs user or system data access in its definition.
Examples
View Column Defined by a Subquery
The following example creates a view that uses a subquery in the select list to define the column State. An UPDATE statement then references the State column in the OUTPUT clause.
USE AdventureWorks;
GO
CREATE VIEW dbo.V1
AS
 SELECT City,
-- subquery to return the State name
 (SELECT Name FROM Person.StateProvince AS sp
 WHERE sp.StateProvinceID = a.StateProvinceID) AS State
 FROM Person.Address AS a;
GO
--Reference the State column in the OUTPUT clause of an UPDATE statement
UPDATE dbo.V1
SET City = City + 'Test'
OUTPUT deleted.City, deleted.State, inserted.City, inserted.State
WHERE State = 'Texas';
GO
View Column Defined by a Function
The following example creates a view that uses the data accessing, scalar function dbo.ufnGetStock in the select list to define the column CurrentInventory. An UPDATE statement then references the CurrentInventory column in the OUTPUT clause.
USE AdventureWorks;
GO
CREATE VIEW Production.ReorderLevels
AS
 SELECT ProductID, ProductModelID, ReorderPoint,
 dbo.ufnGetStock(ProductID) AS CurrentInventory
 FROM Production.Product;
UPDATE Production.ReorderLevels
SET ReorderPoint += CurrentInventory
OUTPUT deleted.ReorderPoint, deleted.CurrentInventory,
 inserted.ReorderPoint, inserted.CurrentInventory
WHERE ProductModelID BETWEEN 75 and 80;
Error 4186 can be corrected in one of the following ways:
 - Use joins instead of subqueries to define the column in the view or function. For example, you can rewrite the view dbo.V1 as follows.
 USE AdventureWorks;
 GO
 CREATE VIEW dbo.V1
 AS
 SELECT City, State
 FROM Person.Address AS a
 JOIN Person.StateProvince AS sp
 ON sp.StateProvinceID = a.StateProvinceID;

 - Examine the definition of the user-defined function. If the function does not perform user or system data access, alter the function to include the WITH SCHEMABINDING clause.
 - Remove the column from the OUTPUT clause.
Community Additions
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Show:
© 2014 Microsoft


Paper Title:
Deformation Banding and the Role of Transition Bands between α-Fibre Components on Recrystallization in Low Carbon Steels Studied by EBSD
 Abstract
In extra-low carbon steels, the generation of specific nucleation sites in the deformed microstructure determines the formation of an optimum recrystallization texture. In particular, during the cold rolling of the steel sheets, transition bands are generated in order to accommodate the different deformation paths followed by the deformation bands (DB-s) within the grains. -fibre grains (ND-fibre grains) are, in general terms, more fragmented than -fibre grains (RD-fibre grains). Consequently, the higher orientation gradients and stored energy levels of the -fibre grains determine the ND-fibre annealing texture. Nevertheless, during recrystallization of the ELC steel, nucleation in different type of transition bands (TB-s) between α-fibre components has also been observed in the present work. From a previous crystallographic classification of transition bands done by the authors, the effect of the lattice curvature, either by gradual or sharp orientation gradients, is studied during early recrystallisation stages. Specifically, the crystallographic characteristics of recrystallized nuclei formed at transition bands generated between α-fibre components are analyzed using electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD). This technique enables the orientation of deformation bands, the misorientation across them, the orientation of the new recrystallized grains and the misorientation of those grains with the adjacent matrix grains to be determined. Recrystallization of components different to α at the expense of α components has also been found.
 Info
Periodical
Materials Science Forum (Volumes 539-543)
Main Theme
Edited by
T. Chandra, K. Tsuzaki, M. Militzer , C. Ravindran
Pages
4173-4178
DOI
10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF._PHONE_
Citation
M. Díaz-Fuentes, A. Iza-Mendia, I. Gutiérrez, "Deformation Banding and the Role of Transition Bands between α-Fibre Components on Recrystallization in Low Carbon Steels Studied by EBSD", Materials Science Forum, Vols. 539-543, pp. 4173-4178, 2007
Online since
March 2007
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$35.00
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Abstract:The idea that a single subgrain is sufficient to produce a single recrystallised grain is the simplest explanation for the recrystallisation...
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678


text:
Welcome to the definitive guide on barbell tattoos, where creativity meets strength in ink. Whether you're a fitness enthusiast, a bodybuilding aficionado, or someone seeking a unique and symbolic tattoo, the barbell tattoo offers a blend of aesthetic appeal and personal significance. In this article, we'll explore everything you need to know about barbell tattoos, including design ideas, placement options, and the deeper meanings behind this enduring symbol of strength and resilience.
Understanding Barbell Tattoos: A Symbol of Strength and Resilience
Embark on a journey through the symbolism and significance of barbell tattoos. Discover how this iconic image represents not only physical strength but also mental fortitude and determination. Dive into the origins of the barbell as a symbol of power and endurance, tracing its evolution from the gym to the realm of body art.
Exploring Barbell Tattoo Designs
Unleash your creativity with a plethora of barbell tattoo design ideas. From minimalist black ink designs to elaborate, colorful compositions, there's a style to suit every preference. Explore variations such as tribal-inspired motifs, geometric patterns, and realistic renderings, each offering a unique interpretation of the classic barbell icon.
Finding the Perfect Placement
Navigate the nuances of tattoo placement to ensure your barbell tattoo shines in the spotlight. Explore popular placement options, from the traditional bicep and forearm to more unconventional areas like the ribcage, back, or thigh. Consider factors such as visibility, pain tolerance, and lifestyle when choosing the ideal location for your barbell tattoo.
Barbell Tattoo FAQs
What does a barbell tattoo symbolize? A barbell tattoo symbolizes strength, resilience, and determination. It serves as a reminder of one's commitment to personal growth and physical fitness.
Are there any cultural or historical meanings associated with barbell tattoos? While the barbell itself has a rich history rooted in strength training and athleticism, the tattoo interpretation often varies based on individual experiences and beliefs.
Can a barbell tattoo be personalized? Absolutely! Many people choose to personalize their barbell tattoos with additional elements such as motivational quotes, dates, or symbolic imagery that holds personal significance.
Do barbell tattoos have any specific placement requirements? Barbell tattoos can be placed virtually anywhere on the body, depending on personal preference and aesthetics. Popular locations include the bicep, forearm, chest, and back.
What factors should I consider before getting a barbell tattoo? Before getting a barbell tattoo, consider factors such as design, placement, size, and potential pain levels. It's essential to choose a reputable tattoo artist and communicate your vision clearly.
How do I ensure my barbell tattoo ages well over time? To ensure longevity and vibrancy, proper aftercare is crucial. Follow your tattoo artist's instructions for cleaning and moisturizing the tattooed area, and avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight to prevent fading.
In conclusion, the barbell tattoo stands as a timeless symbol of strength, resilience, and personal growth. Whether you're a seasoned athlete or simply admire the ethos of strength training, a barbell tattoo serves as a powerful reminder of your journey and accomplishments. With endless design possibilities and placement options, your barbell tattoo is limited only by your imagination.


+1 vote
in Chemistry by (128k points)
edited by
What is smog? How is classical smog different from photochemical smog?
1 Answer
+2 votes
by (64.3k points)
selected by
Best answer
Smog is a kind of air pollution. It is the blend of smoke and fog. There are two kinds of smog:
a) Classical smog
b) Photochemical smog
The two smogs can be differentiated as follows:
Classical smogPhotochemical smog
OccurrenceIt occurs in a cool, humid climate.It occurs in a dry, sunny climate.
ComponentsSmoke, fog and ulphurdioxide.PAN, acrolein, ozone, formaldehyde, nitric oxide.
NatureIt is reducing in natureIt is oxidizing in nature.


text:
Dog agility is a dog sport in which a handler directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off-leash with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles.
Consequently the handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler.
In its simplest form, an agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, or rubber. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed.
Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.