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Can benzaldehydes be made via Fries rearrangement?
(Rated as: excellent)
Yes, they can. It took me a damn long time to find some sort of reliable article supporting my "dreams"...
What is the Fries rearrangement? - Esters of phenols on heating with anhydrous AlCl3 (a typical Lewis acid) undergo rearrangement to give phenolic ketones. A typical example is rearrangement of phenyl acetate to give mixture of o- and p-hydroxy acetophenone. [...] The mechanism of Fries reaction is not certain. There is evidence for an intermolecular mechanism, but recently it has been shown that the rearrangement is at least partly intramolecular. It would appear that the mechanism is best regarded as a combination of the two mechanisms occuring simultaneously. [...] An example is the synthesis of 2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylacetophenone in 80% yield. A synthetically useful example of this process is the preparation of 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone from hydroquinone diacetate in good yield. 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone can not be prepared by Friedel-Crafts acetylation of hydroquinone. (taken from: Organic Reaction Mechanisms. VK Ahluwalia, RK Parashar. Alpha Science, Pangbourne Engeland, 2002)
- K Fries, G Fink. Berichte 41 (1908) 4271
- K Fries, W Platendorf. Berichte 43 (1910) 212
- AH Bhat. Chem Rev 27 (1940) 429
Can aromatic aldehydes be prepared from aryl formates via the Fries rearrangement? - The original article has been published in Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, so I guess yet again it is a small number of elite bees who can have a taste of some really nice chemistry *cough* *cough*
Original article: G Ziegler, E Haug, W Frey, W Kantlehner. Orthoamide, LVII. Lassen sich aromatische Aldehyde nach Fries aus Arylformiaten herstellen? Z Naturforsch 56b (2001) _PHONE_
Abstract: The aromatic hydroxyaldehydes 3a-3g, 5a-5f, 8, 10 can be prepared by the action of BCl3, BBr3 or trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, on the aryl formates 1a-1f, 4a-e, 7, 9 via Fries rearrangement. BBr3 is more effective than BCl3. The activating ability of BBr3 can be improved by addition of FeCl3. Rearrangements which are induced by trifluoromethanesulfonic acid can give rise to the formations of regioisomers, which might be different from the products formed when the reaction is performed with Lewis acids. The yields of the aldehydes are lowered by subsequent condensation reactions. This view was confirmed by the isolation of a condensation product, which was characterized as a dibenzo[a,j]xanthene derivative 6 by crystal structure analysis. For the Fries rearrangement of formyl groups a new mechanism is proposed. 2-Hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde 5c can be obtained in good yield from formic acid, BBr3, and 2-naphtol.
Translated Capita Selecta: [...] The usual Lewis acids that have been applied in the Fries rearrangement are AlCl3, FeCl3, BF3, SnCl4, TiCl4 and ZnCl2. Since recently, trifluoromethanesulfonic derivatives of rare metals have found an application as well. However, we were very surprised when we didn't find any reported use of BCl3 nor BBr3 as Fries catalyst.
In a first setup, 3,5-dimethoxy-O-formyl phenol (1a) has been reacted with BCl3 (1:1.2) using DCE as solvent. Temperatures varied between 5 and 20°. Benzaldehyde 3a was isolated in 94% yield.
3-methoxy-O-formyl phenol (1b) has been reacted with BCl3 in a similar way, although the corresponding benzaldehyde 3b could only be isolated in 27% yield. Using BBr3 instead increased the yield to 59%. Also using BBr3, we could obtain benzaldehyde 3d from 1c in 72% yield.
3a - 2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxybenzaldehyde: to 7.28 g (0.040 mol) 1a in 20 mL DCE, 50 mL 1 M BCl3 (in DCE) is dropped while cooled in an ice bath. The ice bath is removed and the mixture allowed to react for an additional 2 hours at RT. The mixture is hydrolyzed with 100 mL water and filtered. The organic phase is isolated, washed with 20 mL water and dried over Na2SO4. The solvent is removed at 12 Torr and the residue is recrystallized from water/IPA (1:4). Yield: 94%, mp 69°.
3b - 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (via BBr3): To a solution of 4.62 g (0.030 mol) 1b in 25 mL DCE, 7.50 g (0.030 mol) BBr3 in 5 mL DCE is added dropwise at a temperature between -10° and 0°. After having stirred for three hours, the mixture is stirred for another 20 hours at 20° to pour it in 500 mL water (containing some ice and 8.4 g NaHCO3). An additional 5 mL DCE is added and the mixture acidified with a small amount HOAc. The organic phase is isolated, and the aqueous phase extracted with 50 mL DCE. The unified organic fractions are washed with water and stripped from solvent under vacuum. The target compound is obtained via steam distillation, filtered off and dried. Yield: 59%, mp: 43°.
3d - 2-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde: To 1.82 g (0.010 mol) 1c in 20 mL DCE, a solution of 1.1 mL BBr3 in 5 mL DCE (at -14°) is added dropwise. When the addition is completed, the temperature is allowed to rise to 15° during the next 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture is hydrolyzed by pouring it into a solution of 0.1 mol NaHCO3 in 200 mL water. The organic phase was isolated and the aqueous phase treated twice with 50 mL DCE. The unified DCE fractions are washed with 50 mL water and dried over Na2SO4. After distillation of the solvent, 1.30 g of 3d can be retrieved. It is spectroscopically pure (1H-NMR) and can be recrystallized from water/MeOH (1:8). Yield: 72%, mp: 104°


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Scope of Non-crop Biomass — Main Cropping System Experiment (MCSE)
Summary of sampling effort represented in the Non-crop Biomass table, by Treatment, Replicate, Station, etc.
This datatable is part of the Annual Net Primary Production on the Main Cropping System Experiment dataset. Aboveground annual net primary production (ANPP) has been measured on the LTER main site since 1990 and on the successional and forested sites since 1993. ANPP is measured at peak biomass for a given treatment. In some systems with multiple harvests or complex communities that have peaks occurring at different times of the year, measurements are taken at multiple times per year. Additional ANPP measurements are made where appropriate using leaf litter traps, estimates of diameter from tree basal diameter and for the poplar treatment occasional destructive harvests. See the ANPP protocol for descriptions of the sampling and measurement methods for each of the treatments.
|Experiment:||Main Cropping System Experiment (MCSE)|
|Data available from:||January 1990 to January 2012|
|Campaign||a major multi-year research activity with a descreet purpose|
|Treatment||main experimental treatment|
|Replicate||replicate block, nested within treatment|
|Station||replicate station, nested within block|
|Observations||The number of observations carried out on this experimental unit|

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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You are reading the article Learn How To Use Mirror In Inkscape? updated in September 2023 on the website Nhunghuounewzealand.com. We hope that the information we have shared is helpful to you. If you find the content interesting and meaningful, please share it with your friends and continue to follow and support us for the latest updates. Suggested October 2023 Learn How To Use Mirror In Inkscape?Introduction to Inkscape mirror
Inkscape Mirror is a very useful feature during creating illustrations in Inkscape. It helps us for making symmetrical objects very easily, and for that, we just have to create one side of the object, and then by using mirror features, we can create another side in seconds. You can remove the source object if you don't want that part anymore. There is no specific tool named with Mirror, but we can mirror objects in several ways, and today we will discuss all those ways for having a good understanding of mirroring objects for different types of purposes. So let us start our discussion.How to use Mirror in Inkscape?
We do a mirror of objects in this software for different types of purposes, and it also makes complex designs easy as well as saves our time. Before start discussing this topic, I will create a simple design by using the Bezier tool. You can also press B as short cut key for this tool.
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I have drawn this pot-like shape with this tool for explaining this topic. This is the half shape of the pot, and I want the same shape on the left side of it so that there will be symmtery from both sides of this pot. We can do this with the Bezier tool also, but there is the chance that we can't get the same curve on the other side same as the curve of the first side of this pot, and it will take time to match both sides exactly that is why we go with mirroring of this half part of the object.
Now you can drag it in the opposite direction of the source object by holding the Ctrl button of the key, and it will snap to the endpoint of the source object.
It is not necessary to make a copy of the source object if you don't want the source object as it is in its previous place. For example, you can select a source object and again choose the Flip Horizontal option.
And it will flip horizontally in it a place that means you will get its mirror shape in the same place.
Same as a flipping object along the horizontal line, you can also flip it along a vertical line, and for that, select your desired object and choose the e Flip Vertical option from the same object menu.
And you will get mirrored shape of the chosen object in the same place along the vertical line.
So we have to select only one object first. So I will place the left part aside and then select the right part only. Now you can see Add path effect button becomes active here.
You can see it makes a mirror of our selected object.
There are some parameters in this box with which you can play around for having different types of changes in the mirrored object. The first one is Mode, and there are some options in Mode. If you choose the 'Horizontal Page center' option from the list.
Then it will arrange both source and mirrored objects horizontally along with the document page.
If you go with 'Vertical Page center', then it will arrange them on the vertical axis of the document page, and it will be at an equal distance from the center of the page.
If you don't want the source object after mirroring it, then you can enable the 'Discard original path' option of the Mirror symmetry tab.
And it will remove source objects like this.
If you enable the Fuse Paths option from the Mirror symmetry dialog box, then it will remove the mirror line between both source and mirrored objects.
If you want, you can change the start point of the mirror line by changing the value of the x or y-axis on the 'Mirror Line start' option of this dialog box, and it will change like this.
You can do the same for the endpoint of the mirror line from the 'Mirror Line end' option.
There are many more options in this mirror effect with which you can play for having a different result.Conclusion
Now, after this article, you have two ways to do a mirror any object for different purposes in Inkscape. I will suggest you make variations in every parameter of the Mirror symmetry effect for having more commands on mirroring of the object, and once you have the command, you can create many complex shapes very easily.Recommended Articles
This is a guide to the Inkscape mirror. Here we discuss the two ways to do a mirror any object for different purposes in Inkscape. You may also have a look at the following articles to learn more –
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Degree symbol
The degree symbol or degree sign, °, is a typographical symbol that is used, among other things, to represent degrees of arc (e.g. in geographic coordinate systems), hours (in the medical field), degrees of temperature, alcohol proof, or diminished quality in musical harmony.[1] The symbol consists of a small raised circle, historically a zero glyph.
Degree symbol
In UnicodeU+00B0 ° DEGREE SIGN (HTML ° · °)
Different from
The first known recorded modern use of the degree symbol in mathematics is from 1657[2] where the usage seems to show that the symbol is a small raised zero, to match the prime symbol notation of sexagesimal subdivisions of degree such as minute , second , and third , which originate as small raised Roman numerals.[citation needed]
In the case of degrees of angular arc, the degree symbol follows the number without any intervening space, e.g. 30°. The addition of minute and second of arc follows the degree units, with intervening spaces (optionally, non-breaking space) between the sexagesimal degree subdivisions but no spaces between the numbers and units, for example 30° 12′ 5″.
In the case of degrees of temperature, three scientific and engineering standards bodies (the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, the International Organization for Standardization and the U.S. Government Printing Office) prescribe printing temperatures with a space between the number and the degree symbol, e.g. 10 °C.[3][4] However, in many works with professional typesetting, including scientific works published by the University of Chicago Press or Oxford University Press, the degree symbol is printed with no spaces between the number, the symbol, and the Latin letters "C" or "F" representing Celsius or Fahrenheit, respectively, e.g. 10°C.[5][6] This is also the practice of the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, which operates the National Center for Atmospheric Research.[7]
Use of the degree symbol to refer to temperatures measured in kelvins (symbol: K) was abolished in 1967 by the 13th General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM). Therefore, the triple point of water, for instance, is written simply as 273.16 K. The name of the SI unit of temperature is now "kelvin", in lower case, and no longer "degrees Kelvin".
In photography, the symbol is used to denote logarithmic film speed grades. In this usage, it follows the number without spacing as in 21° DIN, 5° ASA or ISO 100/21°.
The degree symbol is included in Unicode as U+00B0 ° DEGREE SIGN (HTML ° · °).
For use with Chinese characters there are also code points for U+2103 DEGREE CELSIUS (HTML ℃) and U+2109 DEGREE FAHRENHEIT (HTML ℉).
The degree sign was missing from the basic 7-bit ASCII set of 1963, but in 1987 the ISO/IEC 8859 standard introduced it at position 0xB0 (176 decimal) in all variants except Part 5 (Cyrillic), 6 (Arabic), 7 (Greek) and 11 (Thai). In 1991 the Unicode standard incorporated all of the ISO/IEC 8859 code points, including the degree sign (at U+00B0)..
The Windows Code Page 1252 was also an extension of ISO/IEC 8859-1 (Part 1 or Latin-1) standard, so it had the degree sign at the same code point, 0xB0. The code point in the older DOS Code Page 437 was 0xF8 (248 decimal); therefore, the Alt code used to enter the symbol directly from the keyboard is Alt+248.
The degree symbol can be used in Arduino[8] LCD program by using the code line: lcd.print((char)223); =
Other characters with similar appearance but different meanings include:
Keyboard entryEdit
Some computer keyboard layouts, such as the QWERTY layout as used in Italy, the QWERTZ layout as used in Germany, Austria and Switzerland, and the AZERTY layout as used in France and Belgium, have the degree symbol available directly on a key. But the common keyboard layouts in English-speaking countries do not include the degree sign, which then has to be input some other way. The method of inputting depends on the operating system being used.
On the Colemak keyboard layout (Windows/Mac), one can press AltGr+\ followed by D to insert a degree sign. On Linux, one can press AltGr+K twice to insert a degree sign.
Desktop OSEdit
With Microsoft Windows, there are several ways to make the degree symbol:
 - One can type Alt+248 or Alt+0176
 Note: "0176" is different from "176"; Alt+176 produces the light shade (░) character.
 Note: The NumLock must be set first; on full size keyboards, the numeric keypad must be used; on laptops without a numerical keypad, the virtual numeric keypad must be used (often requiring that the Fn key be held down as the numeric sequence is typed).
 - The Character Map tool also may be used to obtain a graphical menu of symbols.
 - The US-International English keyboard layout creates the degree symbol with AltGr+⇧ Shift+;
In the classic Mac OS and macOS operating systems, the degree symbol can be entered by typing Opt+⇧ Shift+8. One can also use the Mac OS character palette,[9] which is available in many programs by selecting Special Characters from the Edit Menu, or from the 'Input Menu' (flag) icon on the menu bar (enabled in the International section of the System Preferences).[10][dead link]
In Linux operating systems such as Ubuntu, this symbol may be entered via the Compose key followed by o, o. Some keyboard layouts display this symbol upon pressing AltGr+⇧ Shift+0 (once or twice, depending on specific keyboard layout), and, in programs created by GTK+, one can enter Unicode characters in any text entry field by first pressing Ctrl+Shift+U+Unicode code point, regardless of keyboard layout. For the degree symbol, this is done by entering Ctrl+⇧ Shift+U B0 (where the last key is the number zero) followed by a space.
For Chrome OS, use the Unicode entry method Ctrl+⇧ Shift+U then 00B0 then space or return; with the UK extended layout, use AltGr+⇧ Shift+0.
Mobile OSEdit
In iOS, the degree symbol is accessed by pressing and holding 0 and dragging a finger to the degree symbol. This procedure is the same as entering diacritics on other characters.
In Android, switch to numbers?123 then symbols =\<. The degrees symbol is found on the second row.
In Microsoft Office and similar programs, there is often also an Insert menu with an Insert Symbol or Symbol command that brings up a graphical palette of symbols to insert, including the degree symbol. As with the CharMap app, the table is arranged in unicode order. An easier way is to use Alt+176 or B0 then Alt+X.
In LaTeX, the packages gensymb and textcomp provide the commands degree and \textdegree, respectively. In the absence of these packages one can write the degree symbol as ^{\circ} in math mode. In other words, it is written as the empty circle glyph circ as a superscript.
In AutoCAD it is available as a shortcut string %%d.
See alsoEdit
 1. ^ "Chord Symbols". Retrieved 2013-12-16.
 2. ^ Cajori, Florian (1993) [_PHONE_], A History of Mathematical Notations, Dover Publications, ISBN 0-486-67766-4 |page=216
 3. ^ The International System of Units (PDF) (8th ed.), Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, 2006
 4. ^ Style Manual (PDF) (30th ed.), United States Government Printing Office, 2008
 5. ^ 9.16 Abbreviations and symbols, Chicago Manual of Style (15th ed.), University of Chicago, 2010
 6. ^ 10.52 Miscellaneous technical abbreviations, Chicago Manual of Style (15th ed.), University of Chicago, 2010
 7. ^ UCAR, UCAR Communications Style Guide, retrieved 2007-09-01
 8. ^
 9. ^ "How to use emoji, accents and symbols on your Mac". January 29, 2020. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
 10. ^ "(unknown title)".
External linksEdit


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App Stacking Tutorial
"App Stacking Tutorial" by Matt Glastonbury, accomplished Mobile Photographer, providing great tutorials and App reviews. Matt is an independent blogger who acts as a Contributing Editor to Ink361. (Add Matt on Google Plus)
In this tutorial we are going over some more advanced post-processing by using multiple apps to create different results, and blending them together. This process is called App Stacking. App Stacking is referring to stacking, or layering, the results from many apps, into one final image. Step 1: Selected my original photo Step 2: Opened the photo in Cross Process app, using Basic settings. Step 3: Used ImageBlender to blend the original with the Cross Processed image in Step 2, because Cross Process created too much contrast, but still a lovely film effect. By blending with the original you can control the amount of Cross Processing applied. Step 4: Opened Over app, and overlaid my written message. Over app is great for lovely text and stylised messages. Step 5: Using VSCOcam app, I enhanced the shadows, and exposure, to improve the mid-tones, tint, and give the image more of a film appearance. Step 6: The final result of using ImageBlender to blend images from steps 5 and 6. Once again I lessened the results from other apps by blending before and after images. This really gives you more control over how extreme your edits are. Concluding.. App stacking is a never-ending post-processing that can be a lot if fun. You can experiment with any number of different apps that give you different results and effects. The recipes are endless, and the results can be fascinating. Give it a try.


Daniel Roy Greenfeld
Daniel Roy Greenfeld
About | Books
Python dictionary vs JavaScript object: Dynamic Keys
One of the things I noticed a long time ago with JavaScript is that when you create objects you can define keys outside of strings:
> var o = {city: "San Francisco"}
 Object
In JavaScript, this is valid. In Python, you'll get a NameError:
>>> o = {city: "San Francisco"}
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'city' is not defined
Normally this isn't too big of an issue, except when you want to use JavaScript to create object keys based off of values in a variable. Which means that while this code works fine in Python...
>>> region_name = 'state'
>>> o = {region_name: "Californa", "city": "San Francisco"}
>>> o["state"]
'Californa'
...it fails in JavaScript:
> var region_name = 'state'
 "state"
> var o = {region_name: "Californa", "city": "San Francisco"}
 Object
> o["state"]
 undefined
> o["region_name"]
 "Californa"
What this means is that if you want to define object keys dynamically in JavaScript, you need to add an extra line(s) of code:
> var region_name = "state""
 "state"
> var o = {"city": "San Francisco"}
 Object
> o[region_name] = "California" // Add dynamic key here
 "California"
> o["state"]
 "California"
Summary
 - Python is consistent in how it deals with named objects. If you haven't named something, Python throws the NameError.
 - JavaScript seems to send out an undefined unless you are defining an object.
Tags: python javascript


What To Do With Water Beads - 21 Ideas For Fun Sensory Play!
Child holding water beads before beginning sensory play
Water beads or Orbeez have become popular as a sensory toy for children. For those who are wondering 'What are Orbeez?' we take a closer look at this play material and list 21 fun activities for kids to do with these beads...
The non-edible balls are made of just two ingredients: Water and a water-absorbing polymer, and they were originally used by florists and gardeners to control the water levels and water absorption of plants and flowers. These beads are environmentally safe and non-toxic, and they are often delivered to the buyer dehydrated, so they look very, very small. However, add water and they will begin to grow and expand to the size of a marble, becoming slippery, squishy and bouncy - perfect for sensory play!
Kidadl answers what to do with water beads like these
How And When To Dispose Of Water Beads
Water beads can be purchased from many garden centres and florists, or there are several places online to buy water beads. Water beads will last for a couple of years if unused, but once you have added water, they tend to attract mould after a couple of weeks. If this happens, dispose of them immediately. To dispose of water beads simply crumble them up and add them to any potted plants you have, or to your compost or potting soil.
Do not dispose of them down the sink as they may clog the drain or continue to expand in the pipes - for this reason, they are not suitable in the bath.
It is worth knowing that smaller beads, around half an inch in diameter, last longer as they are more durable, whereas the larger ones absorb more water, getting heavier and more likely to fall apart.
Are Water Beads Reusable?
Water beads can be reused several times before they are disposed of, and there are a couple of different ways to store them. Either leave them on a tray to dehydrate, then, once completely dry they can be stored in a bag. Or, whilst still full of water you can store your water marbles in a Ziploc bag, a plastic container or a clear bottle (which make great sensory bottles for kids to play with).
What Happens If Your Child Ingests Water Beads?
Water beads are recommended for children aged 5+.
Although kids love playing with water beads and they are considered non-toxic, parents are advised to closely supervise their kids whilst they play with them as they can pose a choking hazard. They can also cause gastrointestinal issues if swallowed (especially in large numbers). Because they are small and colourful, kids are often tempted to put the beads in their mouths, so it is worth being extra cautious during playtime with these.
21 Fun Sensory Play Ideas
1. The first sensory experience with water beads for kids is to watch them grow and expand in the water. This requires a little patience, but kids are fascinated to see the small, hard balls become large, soft and squishy - and you can set up the container leaving it to one side, returning regularly over a couple of hours.
2. Shining light through the water beads makes them glow, so why not create an amazing and easy sensory experience for your kids by taping the beads to a window? Place the beads into a clear Ziploc bag and seal it. Next, use strong tape to stick the bag on a window that is accessible to your child or onto a patio door. As the daylight shines through the colourful beads they will glow and sparkle! This is a great sensory play set up, as kids can safely push the beads around in the bag.
3. Create a sensory bin for your children by mixing shaving cream and water beads in a container, and letting them discover the different textures and feelings. You can also mix water beads with mud in a container, then let the kids get messy - this one is best for a sunny day in the garden.
4. To engage another of the five senses, why not add a few drops of your favourite essential oil into the water bead mix? Adding scents that have a calming or relaxing effect may turn this activity into a moment of quiet play.
5. Develop your child's fine motor skills by getting them to feed water beads into a balloon. Once the balloon has a few handfuls of beads inside, simply top up with water and knot the end before putting in the freezer. Once fully frozen, cut the balloon away, and place the frozen water bead balls into their sensory bin, or a container with water and see what happens when the ice starts to melt away...
Clear water beads ready to play with
6. Water bead sensory painting is another great activity. Simply put some paints into pots or onto paper plates, lay some paper into a plastic tray and put some water beads into a container. Kids can use tools like tweezers or tongs, or they can use their hands for a more sensory play activity, moving the paint-covered water beads by tipping and turning the plastic tray, and watching as a painting appears on the paper at the bottom.
7. If your children enjoy making slime, then they will love water bead slime! Just add them into the slime mixture and get playing.
8. Why not use the beads as counters? The fun texture is sure to make maths more interesting for your young ones.
9. Try adding glow sticks to your container and let your kids play with water beads as they change colours and begin to glow.
10. Mix glass marbles with the water beads - this is a great way to explore the different textures, densities and properties of the two materials.
11. Make sensory bottles using dehydrated beads, simply adding water and food colouring and watching as the beads grow. Start with a small number of beads, as they often expand more than you'd imagine, and watch as the mixture changes, bubbles and becomes full of bright, colourful beads.
12. Make a sensory bin that is perfect for a hot summer's day. Combine different sizes and shapes of ice cubes with lots of water beads and let the kids explore. You could even freeze coconut water, or add herbs, like mint, into the ice cubes to engage their sense of smell.
13. If you're ready to dispose of your water beads, kids will have fun getting involved with this sensory game: Simply lay the beads on a sheet of plastic or a bin bag, and let them hammer the beads, crushing them with a child-friendly wooden mallet, or trying to squeeze and squash them until they break.
Ideas For Older Children
14. Try to thread the water beads onto a wooden skewer or metal kebab sticks without breaking them. Children who are comfortable using a needle and thread can also try to string beads together, designing different patterns and combining colours.
15. Make water bead seed-beds, by filling a jar with beads and placing a seed, such as a pumpkin seed or a bean, just under the surface. Place the jar in a sunny spot on the windowsill and wait to see if the seed will sprout and grow.
16. Make a stress ball by filling a drinking bottle with water beads, then placing a balloon over the bottle top and turning upside down so that the beads move from the bottle into the balloon. Simply tie the balloon off, and kids can get playing with the stress ball.
Ideas For Children with SEN
17. In a darkened room, shine a torch through the container of coloured beads. This looks beautiful and often has a calming effect on children.
18. Try separating the coloured beads into different buckets for a quick and easy sensory activity.
19. Fill a container with water beads, and lay out a selection of tools and toys, such as a bucket and spade, different sized spoons, salad servers, an ice cream scoop, a sieve or colander.
Potential Hazards
Water beads have the potential to cause serious damage if swallowed, particularly as they could continue to expand in the airways or along the gastrointestinal tract. Several children have required hospital treatment to remove water beads that they had swallowed.
As a rule, children under three should not play with any toy that has any part small enough to fit into a 35mm film canister - and so, water beads are not recommended for children under the age of 5.
For these reasons, water beads need to be treated with caution. However, if you would like to try them but are feeling concerned about the potential hazards, why not try making the safe, edible version? Simply cook tapioca pearls with water and gel food colouring - in a ratio of 10:1 water to tapioca pearls!
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text:
The moth-like European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) is one of the most heavily studied insects you never heard of. First identified in Boston in 1917, the European corn borer came to the United States as it hitched a ride on corn from Hungary and Italy. Since then, it established itself as a pest in the eastern United States and Canada. Colored yellow and tan, the European corn borer has a wingspan of about an inch. Its larvae like to feed on the leaves of different crops, especially corn.
The cost of controlling the corn borer and the damage it causes is roughly $1 billion a year. Scientists mostly want to know how to stop or manage the bug's spread. They look at the bug's mating habits and diet, as well as how it spreads. Some of their research focuses on using genetically modified corn that produces an insecticidal protein from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis. That protein protects the plants from the insect [sources: Penn State, Bessin].

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


There are only finitely many inequalities in \(\phi (y)\), so by a case distinction over all inequalities containing y satisfiability can be preserved:
$$\begin{aligned} \exists y. \phi (y) \equiv \phi (-\infty ) \vee \bigvee \limits _{a_{iy} y + a_i^T x \le b_i \text { in } \phi (y) \text { with } a_{iy} < 0} \phi \left( -\frac{b_i}{a_{iy}} + \frac{a_i^T x}{a_{iy}} \right) . \end{aligned}$$
This case distinction is the source of the worst-case doubly exponential complexity of the procedure in case of quantifier alternations. At the same time, there are also instances that we can resolve without case distinctions. For instance, if the formula \(\phi (y)\) implies an equality \(h_y \cdot y + h^T x = g\) where \(h_{y} \ne 0\), then we already know one guaranteed definition for the strictest lower bound of y:
$$\begin{aligned} \frac{g}{h_{y}} - \frac{h^T x}{h_{y}} . \end{aligned}$$
A quantifier-free formula that is equivalent to the original one is simply:
$$\begin{aligned} \exists y. \phi (y) \equiv \phi \left( \frac{g}{h_{y}} - \frac{h^T x}{h_{y}} \right) . \end{aligned}$$
This technique is well-known and integrated in many QE implementations [12, 23, 30]. Even so, we are unaware of any implementation that makes use of non-explicit equalities for this purpose. This is where our methods that find implicit equalities come into play. Our methods are applicable because QE procedures typically keep \(\phi \) in a disjunctive form and the respective disjuncts contain often only conjuncts of inequalities. This allows us to efficiently search for an equality.
For future research, we plan to implement the methods around the equality basis and investigate their performance for the above mentioned applications. Moreover, we want to work out even more applications for the linear cube transformation.
Notes
 1. If we combine the equality basis with a diophantine equation handler [16], then we even receive a substitution \(\sigma '\) that eliminates the equalities in such a way that we can reconstruct an integer solution from them. The result is a new system of inequalities that implies no equalities and has an integer solution if and only if \(A x \le b\) has one.
 2. Actually, the literals we assert are full inequalities \(a_i^T x \le b_i\). Due to slacking, the left side of those constraints is abstracted to a slack variable s such that \(s = a_i^T x\). The definition of the slack variable \(s = a_i^T x\) is directly stored in the simplex solver and only a bound \(s \le b_i\) remains as the literal for the SMT solver.
References
 1. Barrett C, Conway C, Deters M, Hadarean L, Jovanović D, King T, Reynolds A, Tinelli C (2011) CVC4. In: CAV, LNCS, vol 6806, pp 171–177
 2. Beale EML (1954) An alternative method for linear programming, vol 50, issue 4, pp 513–523
 3. Bjørner N (1999) Integrating decision procedures for temporal verification. Ph.D. thesis, Stanford, CA, USA
 4. Bobot F, Conchon S, Contejean E, Iguernelala M, Mahboubi A, Mebsout A, Melquiond G (2012) A simplex-based extension of Fourier–Motzkin for solving linear integer arithmetic. In: IJCAR 2012, LNCS, vol 7364, pp 67–81
 5. Boyd S, Vandenberghe L (2004) Convex optimization. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
 Book MATH Google Scholar
 6. Bromberger M, Sturm T, Weidenbach C (2015) Linear integer arithmetic revisited. In: CADE-25, LNCS, vol 9195, pp 623–637
 7. Bromberger M, Weidenbach C (2016) Computing a complete basis for equalities implied by a system of LRA constraints. In: SMT 2016, pp 15–30
 8. Bromberger M, Weidenbach C (2016) Fast cube tests for lia constraint solving. In: IJCAR 2016, LNCS, vol 9706
 9. Bruttomesso R, Cimatti A, Franzen A, Griggio A, Sebastiani R (2009) Delayed theory combination vs. Nelson–Oppen for satisfiability modulo theories: a comparative analysis. AMAI 55(1):63–99
 MathSciNet MATH Google Scholar
 10. Cimatti A, Griggio A, Schaafsma B, Sebastiani R (2013) The MathSAT5 SMT Solver. In: TACAS, LNCS, vol 7795
 11. Dillig I, Dillig T, Aiken A (2009) Cuts from proofs: a complete and practical technique for solving linear inequalities over integers. In: CAV, LNCS, vol 5643, pp 233–247
 12. Dolzmann A, Sturm T, Weispfenning V (1999) Real quantifier elimination in practice. In: Algorithmic algebra and number theory. Springer, pp 221–247
 13. Dutertre B (2014) Yices 2.2. In: CAV 2014, LNCS, vol 8559
 14. Dutertre B, de Moura, L (2006) A fast linear-arithmetic solver for DPLL(T). In: CAV, LNCS, vol. 4144, pp. 81–94 (2006). Extended version: Integrating simplex with DPLL(T). Technical report, CSL, SRI International
 15. Faure G, Nieuwenhuis R, Oliveras A, Rodríguez-Carbonell E (2008) Sat modulo the theory of linear arithmetic: exact, inexact and commercial solvers. In: SAT 2008, LNCS, vol 4996, pp 77–90
 16. Griggio A (2012) A practical approach to satisfiability modulo linear integer arithmetic. JSAT 8(1/2):1–27
 MathSciNet MATH Google Scholar
 17. Hillier FS (1969) Efficient heuristic procedures for integer linear programming with an interior. Oper Res 17(4):600–637
 MathSciNet Article MATH Google Scholar
 18. Jovanović D, de Moura L (2013) Cutting to the chase. JAR 51(1):79–108
 MathSciNet Article MATH Google Scholar
 19. Jünger M, Liebling TM, Naddef D, Nemhauser GL, Pulleyblank WR, Reinelt G, Rinaldi G, Wolsey LA (eds) (2010) 50 years of integer programming 1958–2008
 20. Kannan R, Lovász L (1986) Covering minima and lattice point free convex bodies. FSTTCS, LNCS, vol 241, pp 193–213
 21. Karmarkar N (1984) A new polynomial-time algorithm for linear programming. Combinatorica 4(4):373–396
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 22. Lemke CE (1954) The dual method of solving the linear programming problem. Nav Res Logist Quart 1(1):36–47
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 23. Loos R, Weispfenning V (1993) Applying linear quantifier elimination. Comput J 36(5):450–462
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 24. de Moura L, Bjørner N (2008) Z3: an efficient SMT solver. In: Tools and algorithms for the construction and analysis of systems, LNCS, vol 4963, pp 337–340
 25. Papadimitriou CH (1981) On the complexity of integer programming. J ACM 28(4):765–768
 MathSciNet Article MATH Google Scholar
 26. Pugh W (1991) The omega test: a fast and practical integer programming algorithm for dependence analysis. In: Supercomputing 1991, Supercomputing '91. ACM, pp 4–13
 27. Refalo P (1998) Approaches to the incremental detection of implicit equalities with the revised simplex method. In: PLILP 1998, LNC


Dr. Zach LaBoube
//you're reading...
HCG Diet Blog
HCG injections or Compounded HCG Sub-lingual Tablets?
Why is it that most people associate pharmaceutical grade HCG with injections only?
Cynthia before and after hcgdiet 300x300 300x300 HCG injections or Compounded HCG Sub lingual Tablets?
HCG Diet Success
There are probably several answers to that question. First, anyone that has read Dr. Simeon's manuscript, Pounds and Inches; A New Approach to Obesity, has learned that Dr. Simeon used only HCG injections when treating his patients. Another reason could be that the Homeopathic HCG drops, which are widespread on the internet, have somewhat confused the marketplace so HCG injections have become a way to differentiate the prescription HCG product from the homeopathic HCG product. However, injections are not the only delivery system of HCG, or any bio-identical hormone, for that matter. Hormones are very large molecules. Because of their size, they're not readily absorbed through the GI, so they're typically injected subcutaneously. Although injections are the most efficient mechanism for delivery, HCG can be absorbed through the oral cavity using a sublingual tablet that dissolves under the tongue, as well. HCG injections are prescribed in dosages ranging from 175 units to 250 units and close to 100% of that dosage is then absorbed into your system. With the sublingual HCG tablets, studies have shown absorption rates ranging from 45-60%. As a result, pharmacies simply double the dosage of the tablets to accommodate for what is being lost. Simply put, the typical dosage of the HCG sublingual table is 500 units, while the typical dosage of an HCG injection is 200 units, however the amount actually consumed is about equal. So, the big question is do the tablets work? The answer is a definitive YES! Sometimes even more so as is evidence from an email from a patient of one of our practitioners (see below). If you would like to consult with one of our practitioners regarding the sublingual tablets call _PHONE_.
Injections vs tabs HCG injections or Compounded HCG Sub lingual Tablets?
HCG Injections vs HCG Sublingual Tabs
Additional benefits to the sublingual HCG tablets are listed below…
 1. The shelf-life of the HCG tablets is 12 months, compared to 60 days for the HCG injections.
 2. The HCG tablets do not need to be refrigerated.
 3. HCG tablets are easier to travel with.
 4. HCG tablets are safer as there in no risk of infection.
 5. You don't have to stick yourself everyday.

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Read this article to learn about the nine advantages of canal lining.
1. Canal lining controls seepage:
The seepage losses in unlined canal system may amount to 40% of the discharge. Obviously if all the seepage losses could be prevented then it is possible to irrigate 40 more hectares per every 60 hectares now under irrigation. It is needless to say that this additional command is free of cost so far as cost of the water is concerned.
2. Canal linings increase capacity of canals:
When the canal is lined the bed and sides and rendered smooth. Obviously resistance to flow is less and consequently velocity of water is more. The general formula for velocity of flow in channels V = C√RS makes it more clear. Value of C in the Chezy formula is given by Kutter's formula.
From the study of formula it is clear that C is inversely proportional to N (coefficient of rugosity). Obviously when N is small the value C will be more. For unlined canal average value of N is 0.0225 whereas for concrete lined canal N is 0.014. As a result higher velocities are maintained in lined canals. Thus water discharging capacity of the canal is also increased.
3. Canal lining is an important anti-water-logging measure:
When canals are lined excessive seepage is prevented and in turn it prevents addition of water to the underground reservoir. Thus it avoids deterioration of cultivable land by water-logging.
4. Canal linings improve command:
Lining makes it possible to maintain high velocity in the canal. Generally lined canals are designed with normal value of silt factor (f= 1.2) and maximum permissible velocity (from 1.8 m/sec to 2 5 m/sec). For these values of f and V steepest practicable longitudinal slope may be adopted. Even then this slope will be flatter than the slope of unlined canal.
Thus this flat slope raises the FSL in general and brings the high patches of land under command which have not been irrigated before. Another advantage of maintaining high velocities can be recognized from the fact that lined canals require smaller sections to convey same amount of water as that carried by unlined canals.
5. Canal linings increase available head for power generation:
When the power canals are lined the slope adopted is very flat. Then it prevents loss of head due to excess slope. As a result available head at power house is increased.
6. Canal linings make the canal section stable:
When the sides and the bed of a canal are protected with sufficiently strong material a canal may be said to be m permanent regime. It protects the canal section against the forces which may try to change the regime conditions.
7. Canal linings prevent bank erosion and breaches:
For unlined canals occurrence of breaches and bank erosion are problems of much concern. But in lined canals they Crete no problems as the sides are protected.
8. Canal linings assure economical water distribution:
When canals and field channels are lined the water available may be distributed easily and economically to the cultivators as planned. Experience has shown that lining and constructing permanent turnouts may reduce labour requirement for water distribution by about 50 percent.
9. Canal linings reduce maintenance costs:
As weed growth is totally prevented in lined canals a major portion of this class of maintenance is eliminated. Since the canal is lined erosion of bed and sides is totally checked. Moreover velocity is so designed that silting does not occur. This eliminates considerably the annual maintenance expenditure necessary in unlined canals for removal of silt.
The lining is generally designed to resist the water pressure behind the lining. Backfill is also sufficiently compacted to avoid settlement. Thus maintenance required for minor repairs is also substantially reduced. Experience has shown that maintenance cost of a lined canal is about 25 per cent that of a similar unlined canal.


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How much storage pressure in hydrogenation station
At present, the process flow mainly adopted in domestic hydrogenation stations is based on the storage and transportation of high-pressure gaseous hydrogen, which is mainly supplied by the station's long tube trailer. Process flow of high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and hydrogenation station for long tube trailer hydrogen supply.
The long tube trailer will transport 20MPa compressed hydrogen from the hydrogen production unit to the fixed station, and the hydrogen will be unloaded to the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank in the station through the compressor in the hydrogenation station. When the vehicle is hydrogenated, the hydrogen output from the long tube trailer or hydrogen storage tank will be filled into the on-board hydrogen storage bottle of the fuel cell vehicle through the hydrogenation machine.
hydrogen refueling station
At present, there are two pressure grades of vehicle hydrogen storage bottles widely used in the world: 35MPa and 70MPa. The highest design pressure level of hydrogenation station also needs to match the pressure level of on-board hydrogen storage of refueling vehicles. In addition to using long tube trailers as 20MPa mobile hydrogen storage facilities, the highest fixed hydrogen storage pressure in hydrogenation station of 35MPa hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is generally 45MPa. The highest fixed hydrogen storage pressure in the hydrogenation station of 70MPa hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is generally 90MPa.


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My question is about game loop design in opengl.
I believe that game loop can be spited in 3 main steps
- accept input - it may come from users click on the screen or system alert, or anything else.
- do logic
- update view
To make it simple let's just focus on step 2 and 3.
I think that it will be wrong to run them in parallel order or to mix them in to one step. I give you an example.
Lats say you are creating a war game, and you need to draw 100 soldiers fighting on the screen, the logic will be to update their position, to update the background area, and then you need to draw the result. You can't start drawing one soldier before updated the position of another soldier.
So according this simple steps, it is clear that step 2 and 3 need to be synchronized some how, and step 2 must be done before step 3.
Now tell me how it is possible to run game loop on more then one thread, and more then one process? Does opnegl use multiCore? How?
Edit: one way to use multithreading is to precalculate the game logic, or in another words using Vectors. But there are two big disadvantages in vectors that make them almost unrecommend to use.
- Some times you wan't to change your vector, so there were lots of calculation that you did and you are not going to use them
- in most of the cases you are trying to reach 60+ FPS witch mean 16 milliseconds for game-loop, switching threads requires some kind of synchronization, any synchronization is bad for performance, from what I saw, even a simple Handler.post() in android(just adding task to queue to run it on other thread) may take up to 3 milliseconds(18% from your frame rate time), so unless your calculation take longer then that, don't do it! For now I did not found anything taking so much time.


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Diabetes indicators in Australia
The new web-based report, Diabetes indicators in Australia, shows the prevalence of diabetes in the Australian population increased from 1.5% to 4.1% over the 20 years to 2007-08.
Diabetes can lead to serious complications, such as cardiovascular disease and end-stage kidney disease as well as loss of vision, limb amputation and even death.
'While increasing numbers of Australians are developing the disease, there is some good news in relation to diabetes complications,' said AIHW spokesperson Lisa McGlynn.
Diabetes-related deaths dropped by 18% between 1997 and 2007 and hospitalisations for lower limb amputations among people with diabetes fell between 2001 and 2007–08, from 4.8 to 4.1 per 1,000 people with diabetes.
'This may be a result of better diabetes management,' Ms McGlynn said.
'However, the increasing number of Australians with diabetes is still a cause for concern, as is the number of Australians with modifiable risk factors for diabetes.'
'We can help manage diabetes risk by, among other things, maintaining a healthy weight, getting enough exercise and eating the right amounts of fruit and vegetables.'
In 2007–08, 61% of Australian adults were overweight or obese, compared to 57% in 1995.
The rate of Australian adults who did not get enough exercise has increased from 69% to 72% between 2001 and 2007–08.
And, in 2007–08, more than 90% of Australian adults did not eat enough vegetables and 50% did not eat enough fruit.
Indigenous Australians have an increased risk of developing diabetes.
The rate of diabetes among Indigenous Australians was more than 3 times that of non-Indigenous Australians, and Indigenous Australians had higher rates of diabetes-related deaths than the general population—46 per 100,000 among Indigenous Australians in 2006 compared to 33 per 100,000 among all Australians in the same year.
Diabetes indicators in Australiais available at _URL_ The AIHW has also released a new diabetes dashboard, providing easily accessible and navigable facts and figures on diabetes, available at _URL_
The AIHW is a major national agency set up by the Australian Government to provide reliable, regular and relevant information and statistics on Australia's health and welfare.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


A parametrization of matrix conjugacy orbit sets as unions of affine planes Peteris Dauguis Department of Mathematics Daugavpils University Daugavpils Paredes 1 Latvia Abstract. The problem of finding a canonical form of complex matrices up to conjugacy with the set of canonical matrices being a union of affine planes in the matrix space is considered. A solution of the problem is given producing a new canonical form for matrices over algebraically closed fields. Key words. Jordan form, rational form, eigenvalue, Weyr characteristic, affine plane. MSC 15A21.


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Submitted by Sally Trowbridge on 14 May, 2012 - 13:00
After struggling to break the ice, the next obstacle is to keep the conversation going beyond the initial conversation. For this reason, this lesson aims to provide students with a bank of around 15 questions that they would feel comfortable asking in a conversation with a new acquaintance. They will also learn more general techniques involving different types of questions and the skill of turn-taking. Finally, they will practise all the skills from the lesson in a role-play game.
Topic: Socialising and keeping conversations going
Romesh Gunesekera was born in Sri Lanka, and has been living and writing in London since the 1970s. His writing is frequently elegiac and wistful, casting reflective eyes at 'the spoiled paradise' of his original home.


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A look back at research in 2022: From health care to tech to social justice
December 19, 2022
In 2022, McMaster's students and researchers once again showed why the university has a global reputation as a centre of excellence for innovation and creativity — consistently rated one the most research-intensive universities in Canada and ranked 37th in the world for the global impact of that research.
From pandemic solutions to using drones that will rapidly deliver cancer treatments, here's a look back at some of the best-read stories about McMaster research from the past year.
An international team of scientists analyzed centuries-old DNA from victims and survivors of the Black Death pandemic and learned that the genes that protected people from the bubonic plague 700 years ago are now associated with a higher risk of autoimmune diseases, such as Crohn's and rheumatoid arthritis.
McMaster evolutionary geneticist Hendrik Poinar and his colleagues at the University of Chicago, the Pasteur Institute and other organizations identified key genetic differences that determined who lived and who died of the Black Death, and how those aspects of our immune systems have continued to evolve since then.
(Poinar's lab also led an international team that used fragments extracted from the gallstone of a 16th century mummy to identify and reconstruct the first ancient genome of E. coli.)
Building on decades of research on an inhaled tuberculosis vaccine, a team of experts at Canada's Global Nexus for Pandemics and Biological Threats is developing a second-generation COVID-19 vaccine that will offer a better defence against the current pandemic and future coronavirus outbreaks.
The new vaccine, designed to protect against future variants of concern, is inhaled through the mouth to deliver the vaccine directly to the respiratory system. The inhaled-vaccine technology, currently in human clinical trials, could be used to fight off other respiratory infections, including the common cold, flu and tuberculosis.
Turns out, the secret to getting people dancing is to pump that bass — even if they can't hear it. Researchers at McMaster's cutting-edge LIVELab used advanced monitoring technology at a live concert and found that any time they introduced inaudible low-frequency bass, people danced 12 per cent more than they otherwise did.
McMaster physicists used red blood cells to safely carry potent antibiotics through the body to selectively attack dangerous bacteria without affecting nearby healthy cells. This mechanism is especially useful for delivering resistance-proof antibiotics, currently used only as a last resort because they are so potent, as their side effects can include permanent kidney damage.
Communication studies and media arts professor Selina Mudavanhu is using digital storytelling techniques to help train and mentor a new generation of scholars in Africa. In a second project, she is engaging Black senior undergraduate students — recruited through the Black Student Success Centre — to reflect on their intersectional experiences of studying at McMaster and of living in Canada in bodies racialized as Black.
Child malnutrition and childhood food insecurity are very real problems even in developed countries like Canada. Nutritional anthropologist Tina Moffat makes a case for instituting better — and more pragmatic — policies at every level of government and taking collective action to make sure our children don't go hungry.
Surgeon and innovator Mehran Anvari is at the forefront of a project that uses space-age tech — the same kind as NASA — to detect breast cancer through remote, robot-assisted biopsies and diagnostics. His work promises to make timely diagnosis and treatment accessible to rural, remote and currently underserved populations.
Staying active is not only good for our bodies, but also our brains: Exercise can improve memory and cognition, help ward off dementia and ease depression. So what's stopping us from working up a sweat? Kinesiologist (and triathlete) Jennifer Heisz and other experts weigh in.
Think Amazon drone delivery, but with life-saving treatment.
McMaster researchers are part of a pilot project that will deliver medical isotopes from the McMaster Nuclear Reactor to hospital — by drone. Medical isotopes, used to diagnose or treat cancer, have short life spans before they become unusable. Using drones to avoid traffic jams and other ground-route delays promises to be a game-changer.
Despite what we all learned as children, planting large numbers of trees is not the black-and-white climate solution we might think. It's important to take into account the species of tree, the location and its impact on the delicate local ecological balance, as well as the climate. At the McMaster carbon sink forest, a living lab for research, education and the community, scientists hope to create a blueprint for change.
Engineering researcher Zahra Motamed and her team have developed a non-invasive monitoring and diagnostic framework to help individualize and improve treatment for patients with cardiovascular disease. It could open the door to new wearable devices that would allow care providers to easily monitor patients, accurately predict how treatments will work and better plan for customized future treatment.
McMaster researchers have developed a method — dubbed Crowdfeeding — to reduce hunger in Canada and reduce fresh food waste at the same time. Working with retailers and food suppliers, as well as transportation partners and community organizations, they are exploring ways to streamline processes in the food rescue ecosystem — and effectively deliver fresh food to those in need.
McMaster researchers invented a self-cleaning plastic wrap that protects against both bacteria and viruses, now moving toward scaled-up production for the marketplace. RepelWrap's ability to shed both bacteria and viruses boosts its potential usefulness for interrupting the transmission of infections on high-touch surfaces such as door handles and railings.
Smart watches, smart fridges, smart homes. Navigating an increasingly digital world can be a struggle for older adults, often overlooked when product designers create new technologies. Milena Head and other researchers at the McMaster Digital Transformation Research Centre are studying how older adults and other marginalized groups of people interact with digital tech, and developing ways to make these technologies more inclusive, accessible and easier to use.
Microbiologist and infectious disease expert Lori Burrows makes a compelling case for changing the way novel antibiotics are approved, procured and accessed in Canada, to provide more treatment options to combat the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance.
A remarkable $32 million gift from philanthropists Marnix and Mary Heersink this year builds on McMaster's long history of innovation: At the new Marnix E. Heersink School of Biomedical Innovation and Entrepreneurship, McMaster will educate the next generation of entrepreneurial health innovators. And students and researchers at the Mary Heersink Centre for Global Health will create new solutions to emerging threats to global health, such as pandemics and the climate crisis.


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Increase Your Productivity with Text Expander or Phrase Express
Increasing productivity by reducing repetition just makes sense right? So why do so many of still keep doing the same things over? Chances are we don't allow ourselves enough time to sit back and analyse the way we work. Let alone research and learn to use the tools to improve how we work. So I'm going to make it a little easier for you and introduce you to two different software application that will help speed up your regular email correspondence.
Do you find yourself typing the same correspondence answering those FAQ again and again? Then using a software that allows you to paste the snippet of text with shortcodes would be of real benefit to you, not only saving you time, brain power, making silly mistakes. Using snippet software will increase your consistency and productivity.
5 fast ideas for using snippets with email
1. Order confirmations with fill in the blank areas
2. Answer Frequently Asked Questions
4. Response to customer complaints
5. Reach out emails to potential partners – guest blogging posts etc
The top two snippet software creators I have found are 'Text Expander' and 'Phrase Express' I have included videos below which demonstrate how easy it is to set up and get going.
There are a few things that are worth considering before you invest your time and money in a snippet editor as it is important to choose a software that is robust and is well established. In the past, there have been many text expander software which has been abandoned because of conflicts with the latest operating systems. If your investing time into putting your content into a system it's worth checking out the software, the company and not least the support.
Some Important points to answer when deciding on which software to use.
- Frequency of software updates
- How easy is it to add phrases?
- How easy is it to edit phrases?
- Can you undo your changes?
- Can you test the macro you created without leaving the interface?
- How easy is it to move through all your different software and is it compatible with what you use?
- What support is on offer?
- How long has the software been around, is it a market leader or a new kid on the block?
TIP* Email support and see if and when they reply to you and how helpful is their reply.
PhraseExpress is simple pretty simple to use, with 'canned response' and rich snippets work well there are also lots of other features such as auto complete insert boilerplate templates automate repetitive tasks with macro automation and is crossed platform compatible.
You can trial Phrase Express here
TextExpander has been around for a long time now and it's maturity shows with it's easy to use interface. Text Expander was a little easier than Phrase Express and once you have all your snippets uploaded into the software it will stay in the background shadowing you as you jump from application to application.
Trial Text Expander here
So if you can look back through your emails and see a catalogue of similar emails in your sent box then give one or both of these software options a try it will save you hours of wasted time!


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The Monaco Assessment
In 2010, parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) adopted the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020. Its vision: "By 2050, biodiversity is valued, conserved, restored and wisely used, maintaining ecosystem services, sustaining a healthy planet and delivering benefits essential for all people." To realise this vision 20 targets within five strategic goals were agreed to. They form the basis of a global agreement to address biodiversity loss. In consequence, much of the world's biodiversity is the subject of global action, or at the least intended action, for its conservation.
By contrast, the Antarctic region is largely an international space governed predominantly through the Antarctic Treaty System. Environmental matters are the main concern of its Committee for Environmental Protection (CEP) and the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR). While environmental conservation is a key concern within the Antarctic Treaty System, how strategic initiatives in the region align with those identified through the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 has not been ascertained.
To this end, a meeting of biodiversity and Antarctic experts, entitled 'Antarctica and the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020: The Monaco Assessment', was convened for three days in Monaco, with the support of the Monaco government, the Centre Scientifique de Monaco, SCAR, and Monash University.
The central purpose of the meeting was to examine the extent to which conservation of the biodiversity of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean is realizing the set of ambitions agreed for the world as part of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020. The meeting also aimed to provide guidance for action that can effectively help deliver further conservation successes for Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. An additional goal was to identify key areas for work and indicators to help guide that work.
One of its first outcomes is a statement by the participants, on Antarctic and Southern Ocean conservation in the context of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, based on an expert elicitation process, and entitled The Monaco Assessment. It is provided here in full.
Further outcomes and products of Antarctica and the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020: The Monaco Assessment will be made available over the next several months.


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SUNDRY-II is an environment-friendly desiccant using natural materials. Using natural materials of calcium chloride and cereal scouring. In addition, it can absorb more than six times compared to silica gel.
Since no gelling agents are used, SUNDRAY-II is resolved into nature after use, thus SUNDRY-II gives little burden to the environment. SUNDRY-II recycles cereal scouring, which is a waste product from beer brewing, to gel the absorbed moisture for reducing the impact to the environment. This technology was approved by a Feasibility Study Program of Japan Small and Medium Enterprise Corporation as a 'recycled natural material applied desiccant with low environmental burden,
For further information contact: <_EMAIL_


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Kings into Gods
Vittorio Cotesta, Università degli Studi Roma Tre
One might be surprised, astonished or indignant seeing men and women prostrating themselves in front of other men and other women. Or one might feel it is right to bow down before God, Allah, the saints, the Holy Virgin or the gods. Kings into Gods: How Prostration Shaped Eurasian Civilizations investigates the reasons why men prostrate themselves before deities or before powerful men. Through an in-depth historical and cultural analysis, this book highlights the connection between rituality and royalty within the Eurasian civilizations. The narrative and iconic documentation gathered and analyzed concerns the Greek and Roman world, the Mongolian civilization during the Middle Ages, the Hindu and Chinese civilizations, the Islamic civilization in India in the fourteenth century, the Mughal civilization and European civilization in the late Middle Ages. The different forms of the rituals in the courts of kings and emperors are tightly connected with the concept of royalty. The prostration is an act of humiliation of defeated enemies, a means to establish a abysmal distance between powerful elite and the people, a way of creating hierarchies within the elite itself.


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THE Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University's human movement science (HMS) department is spearheading a project aimed at promoting and encouraging an interest in physical education and active lifestyles for pupils at disadvantaged schools.
The department's PasSport to Health project, which was developed by lecturer Dr Cheryl Walter, is gaining momentum and is set to benefit both final-year HMS students as well as the schools the project adopts.
She said the project was initially developed to assist third-year students specialising in recreation and sports management to put their theoretical work into practice.
"What I have them do is write a proposal and obtain funding to assist a school. They then research the needs of that particular school in relation to promoting physical activity and finally they design an intervention to assist the school."
Three schools were adopted this year – St James High School in Schauderville, Nkululeko High School in KwaNobuhle and Woolhope High School in Malabar.
"For example, after researching the needs at Woolhope, we discovered that despite their huge open fields, the majority of pupils did not play any sport and most of them were not physically active, especially the girls," Walter said.
With R10000 raised from approaching various sponsors, the students bought a music centre, built an outdoor circuit and purchased various gym equipment.
"We will start a fitness club for the girls in the new year where they will do aerobics and taebo. Girls tend to enjoy the non-competitive activities more. We will also conduct workshops and get our biokinetics honours students to measure the pupils and compare their weight in relation to their height.
"Through this we will encourage the kids to be healthy and active again. Education is not complete without physical education."
Walter, a former pupil at Woolhope, said since the introduction of outcomes-based education, physical education had been phased out of disadvantaged schools and replaced with life orientation.
She said many disadvantaged schools did not prioritise physical education due to a lack of manpower and facilities.
"The World Health Organisation recommends that children should have at least 60 minutes of physical activity every day. Obesity is increasing and so is the risk of chronic illnesses at a younger age. Children are too interested in computer games, television and cellphones these days," Walter said.
Woolhope's sports coordinator, Dhanasagren Moodley, said the school's athletics tournaments had dwindled as most children were bused in from the townships and could not stay after school for practice sessions.
He said sport was optional and the majority of pupils did not take part.
Deputy principal Richard Jaran said the school hoped this would be the first step towards reintroducing physical education at the school.
"We have produced real sports stars in the past such as rugby player Mzwandile Stick and Haroon Lorgat who was [chief executive] at the International Cricket Council."


text:
All jobs from Lunds universitet - Filter job results
Thesis: Performance of liquid scintillation counting to measure radioactivity in water
The goal of this thesis work will be to determine the performance of different scintillation cocktails on two different LSC instruments at Lund University.
Simulation of measurements of radioactive releasesby the European Spallation Source (ESS)
The goal of this Master thesis work will be to use simulation tools to predict how gamma-ray measurements would look if the ESS (large neutron research facility in Lund) would release radioactive contamination in the environment.
Development of methods for the analysis of on the Swedish coast
Our goal is to measure 99Tc in marine bioindicators (seaweed). You will develop a method to chemically extract and separate traces of 99Tc in samples and measure it by liquid scintillation counting in our laboratory in Malmö.
Master thesis project on large language models for applications in microscopy and medicine
Recently, LLMs have demonstrated spectacular capabilities. We are looking for a computer science or engineering student eager to explore and develop LLM applications related to microscopy and medical experiments
Visualise tissue samples in more colors than meets the eye - A precision medicine project
We are looking for MSc students interested in programming of fluidics, cutting-edge tissue diagnostics, and spatial-omics technologies to help us make disease diagnostics and prognostics more powerful and precise!


text:
Offering Faculty &
Home for Life Design ®
& the Safe Harbor Provision Guidelines
The HIPAA safe harbor method is a method of de-identification of protected health information. De-identification is the removal of specific information about a client that can be used alone or in combination with other information to identify that client.
What is HIPAA Safe Harbor De-Identification?
Home for Life Design follows the Safe Harbor Provision Guidelines
HIPAA safe harbor de-identification is the process of the removal of specified identifiers of the patient, and of the patient's relatives, household members, and employers.
The requirements of the HIPAA safe harbor de-identification process become fully satisfied if, and only if, after the removal of the specific identifiers, the covered entity has no actual knowledge that the remaining information could be used to identify the patient.
Once protected health information has been de-identified, it is no longer considered to be PHI; as such, there are no longer restrictions on its use or disclosure. By definition, de-identified health information neither identifies nor provides a reasonable basis to identify a patient.


string.
"data-json"
This event is generated to log a pre-formatted JSON string containing structured data.
{
 "event":"data_json",
 ...
 "repo":1, # optional
 "t_abs":0.015905,
 "t_rel":0.015905,
 "nesting":1,
 "category":"process",
 "key":"windows/ancestry",
 "value":["bash.exe","bash.exe"]
}
Example trace2 api usage
Here is a hypothetical usage of the Trace2 API showing the intended usage (without worrying about the actual Git details).
Initialization
Initialization happens in main(). Behind the scenes, an atexit and signal handler are registered.
int main(int argc, const char **argv)
{
 int exit_code;
 trace2_initialize();
 trace2_cmd_start(argv);
 exit_code = cmd_main(argc, argv);
 trace2_cmd_exit(exit_code);
 return exit_code;
}
Command Details
After the basics are established, additional command information can be sent to Trace2 as it is discovered.
int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv)
{
 trace2_cmd_name("checkout");
 trace2_cmd_mode("branch");
 trace2_def_repo(the_repository);
 // emit "def_param" messages for "interesting" config settings.
 trace2_cmd_list_config();
 if (do_something())
 trace2_cmd_error("Path '%s': cannot do something", path);
 return 0;
}
Child Processes
Wrap code spawning child processes.
void run_child(...)
{
 int child_exit_code;
 struct child_process cmd = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 ...
 cmd.trace2_child_class = "editor";
 trace2_child_start(&cmd);
 child_exit_code = spawn_child_and_wait_for_it();
 trace2_child_exit(&cmd, child_exit_code);
}
For example, the following fetch command spawned ssh, index-pack, rev-list, and gc. This example also shows that fetch took 5.199 seconds and of that 4.932 was in ssh.
$ export GIT_TRACE2_BRIEF=1
$ export GIT_TRACE2=~/log.normal
$ git fetch origin
...
$ cat ~/log.normal
version 2.20.1.vfs.1.1.47.g534dbe1ad1
start git fetch origin
worktree /Users/jeffhost/work/gfw
cmd_name fetch (fetch)
child_start[0] ssh [email protected] ...
child_start[1] git index-pack ...
... (Trace2 events from child processes omitted)
child_exit[1] pid:14707 code:0 elapsed:0.076353
child_exit[0] pid:14706 code:0 elapsed:4.931869
child_start[2] git rev-list ...
... (Trace2 events from child process omitted)
child_exit[2] pid:14708 code:0 elapsed:0.110605
child_start[3] git gc --auto
... (Trace2 events from child process omitted)
child_exit[3] pid:14709 code:0 elapsed:0.006240
exit elapsed:5.198503 code:0
atexit elapsed:5.198541 code:0
When a git process is a (direct or indirect) child of another git process, it inherits Trace2 context information. This allows the child to print the command hierarchy. This example shows gc as child[3] of fetch. When the gc process reports its name as "gc", it also reports the hierarchy as "fetch/gc". (In this example, trace2 messages from the child process is indented for clarity.)
$ export GIT_TRACE2_BRIEF=1
$ export GIT_TRACE2=~/log.normal
$ git fetch origin
...
$ cat ~/log.normal
version 2.20.1.160.g5676107ecd.dirty
start git fetch official
worktree /Users/jeffhost/work/gfw
cmd_name fetch (fetch)
...
child_start[3] git gc --auto
 version 2.20.1.160.g5676107ecd.dirty
 start /Users/jeffhost/work/gfw/git gc --auto
 worktree /Users/jeffhost/work/gfw
 cmd_name gc (fetch/gc)
 exit elapsed:0.001959 code:0
 atexit elapsed:0.001997 code:0
child_exit[3] pid:20303 code:0 elapsed:0.007564
exit elapsed:3.868938 code:0
atexit elapsed:3.868970 code:0
Regions
Regions can be use to time an interesting section of code.
void wt_status_collect(struct wt_status *s)
{
 trace2_region_enter("status", "worktrees", s->repo);
 wt_status_collect_changes_worktree(s);
 trace2_region_leave("status", "worktrees", s->repo);
 trace2_region_enter("status", "index", s->repo);
 wt_status_collect_changes_index(s);
 trace2_region_leave("status", "index", s->repo);
 trace2_region_enter("status", "untracked", s->repo);
 wt_status_collect_untracked(s);
 trace2_region_leave("status", "untracked", s->repo);
}
void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
{
 trace2_region_enter("status", "print", s->repo);
 switch (s->status_format) {
 ...
 }
 trace2_region_leave("status", "print", s->repo);
}
In this example, scanning for untracked files ran from +0.012568 to +0.027149 (since the process started) and took 0.014581 seconds.
$ export GIT_TRACE2_PERF_BRIEF=1
$ export GIT_TRACE2_PERF=~/log.perf
$ git status
...
$ cat ~/log.perf
d0 | main | version | | | | | 2.20.1.160.g5676107ecd.dirty
d0 | main | start | | 0.001173 | | | git status
d0 | main | def_repo | r1 | | | | worktree:/Users/jeffhost/work/gfw
d0 | main | cmd_name | | | | | status (status)
...
d0 | main | region_enter | r1 | 0.010988 | | status | label:worktrees
d0 | main | region_leave | r1 | 0.011236 | 0.000248 | status | label:worktrees
d0 | main | region_enter | r1 | 0.011260 | | status | label:index
d0 | main | region_leave | r1 | 0.012542 | 0.001282 | status | label:index
d0 | main | region_enter | r1 | 0.012568 | | status | label:untracked
d0 | main | region_leave | r1 | 0.027149 | 0.014581 | status | label:untracked
d0 | main | region_enter | r1 | 0.027411 | | status | label:print
d0 | main | region_leave | r1 | 0.028741 | 0.001330 | status | label:print
d0 | main | exit | | 0.028778 | | | code:0
d0 | main | atexit | | 0.028809 | | | code:0
Regions may be nested. This causes messages to be indented in the PERF target, for example. Elapsed times are relative to the start of


text:
Using message id headers to determine if an email has been forged
According to the RFCs for email, RFC 822 and RFC 2822, every email should have a message id field that: "provides a unique message identifier that refers to a particular version of a particular message. The uniqueness of the message identifier is guaranteed by the host that generates it.... This message identifier is intended to be machine readable and not necessarily meaningful to humans. A message identifier pertains to exactly one instantiation of a particular message; subsequent revisions to the message each receive new message identifiers."
The message id headers can prove useful when trying to determine if a email is authentic. Although they can't always prove that message is authentic, they can often show that a message has been forged.
Repeated Message ID
In this case, the forger, when creating a fake email, reuses the headers belonging to an earlier message. The examiner need only compare the Message-ID from the email in question to all of the other email messages in the world. Ok, probably not all of the other email messages out there. Usually just the messages on the systems in question are good enough. But finding the same message id on the "smoking gun" email and an old guacamole recipe can be used as evidence that a message was forged.
Impossible Message ID
This case is more subtle, but can be used quite effectively. Although the RFC states that the message id should be globally unique, it says nothing about how it should be constructed. Most email programs have their own format for generating the message id. For example, Apple Mail uses a Universally Unique Identifier and the sender's domain. Thunderbird, on the other hand, uses a combination of the time the message was sent, a salt, and the sender's domain.
Sample Apple Mail Message ID:
Sample Thunderbird Message ID:
If a message was purportedly sent by a certain email program but does not have a message id created by that program, it has obviously been forged. It would be like a round cookie-cutter making square holes; it just can't happen. Thus, if somebody claims that they received an authentic email, look at the message-id and the format of the headers. If the message id does not match the format for that program, the message has been forged!


text:
Which White Wine Grapes Grow Best in Virginia?
If you're starting a vineyard in Virginia and want to produce white wine, some varietals do better in the soil and weather conditions than others. (If you want to produce red wine, we can help with that too! Check out our guide to the best varieties to grow for red wine here.) A lot of new vineyard owners prefer to grow white wine grapes in Virginia because certain varieties produce fruit very soon after first being planted. Red wine grape varieties, on the other hand, can take a couple extra years to produce fruit at their full capacity. Additionally, white certain white wine grapes in Virginia are resistant to disease and fungus, so your harvest will be safe even if something wipes out red wine varieties. Read on for our recommendations on white wine grape varietals to grow in Virginia.
Virginia White Wine Grapes: The Winner
If you're looking to make white wine, Chardonnay is one of the best growing white wine grapes in Virginia.
Of the two white wine grapes that grow well in Virginia, most farmers tend to stick with Chardonnay because of the name recognition. Chardonnay grapes were first grown in Burgundy, a well-known wine region in France. The grapes nonetheless love Virginia's altitude and soil conditions. Keep in mind that Chardonnay grapes produce more than just Chardonnay. If you want a more versatile grape to use in multiple varieties, definitely consider planting Chardonnay. Farmers use Virginia Chardonnay grapes in Chablis, Montrachet, and Poully-Fuiss wine to name a few. Wine-makers use Chardonnay so widely because they can create either a crisp mineral wine or a fruity white. These grapes are also incredibly hardy, so they could be a good choice if it's your first time growing wine grapes.
Virginia White Wine Grapes: The Runner-Up
While not as well-known as Chardonnay, Cayuga White is one of the best wine grapes in Virginia.
Cayuga White is the other, lesser-known variety of white wine grapes that does well in Virginia. While less known than Chardonnay, Cayuga White flourishes in Virginia and can be another great choice for a new farmer. These grapes a re a cross between Schuyler grapes and Seyval Blanc grapes. These grapes grow very quickly, and many new farmers choose them because they produce fruit after only two years. Cayuga White is flexible like Chardonnay grapes, too. These grapes usually make a semisweet and fruity wine, but if you want a drier wine, just age the grapes in oak barrels. Like Chardonnay, these grapes are disease resistant.
If you're interested in starting a vineyard in Virginia, there are many incredibly properties that are ripe with potential.
If you have more questions about starting a vineyard, read some of our advice about how to get started here. Curious about how well Virginia wine-makers are doing? Check our some market statistics here. If you want to make red wine, check out of post on the best red wine varietals for Virginia here.


A word in a text is defined as the longest sequence of letters, where every character that is not a letter is considered a word boundary.
Assignment
Write a function word_split that takes the location of a text file (str). The function must return a list containing the sequence of words from the given text file.
Example
In the following interactive session we assume the text file data.en.txt1 to be located in the current directory.
>>> word_split('data.en.txt')
['Broadcast', 'by', 'the', 'BBC', 'between', 'and', 'Monty', 'Python', 's', 'Flying', 'Circus', 'was', 'conceived', 'written', 'and', 'performed', 'by', 'its', 'members', 'Graham', 'Chapman', 'John', 'Cleese', 'Terry', 'Gilliam', 'Eric', 'Idle', 'Terry', 'Jones', 'and', 'Michael', 'Palin']


In this instance, this template will automatically be used as an item template, and you don't have to specify the itemTemplate option.
However, in some cases you may need to have several custom item templates defined within the widget's container and apply each of them in different scenarios. In this instance, use one of the following ways of setting the required template to the itemTemplate option.
 - Assign a string representing the name of the required template.
 - Assign a function that returns the name of the template as a result of a certain logic.
When you have several collection widgets, you may need to define a common template for them. For this purpose, factor out a template into a separate element, as demonstrated below.
HTML

To set the common template as a collection item template, assign one of the following values to the itemTemplate option.
 - Assign a jQuery object representing the template's container
 - Assign a DOM Node representing the template's container
 - Assign a function that returns the jQuery object or a DOM Node representing the template's container
You can use a custom template engine. For this purpose, call the DevExpress.ui.setTemplateEngine(name) method passing the name of one of the supported template engine. You can see a demo where a custom template engine is used: Data Grid - Row Underscore Template.
orientation
Specifies whether the menu has horizontal or vertical orientation.
Type: String
Default Value: 'horizontal'
Accepted Values: 'horizontal'|'vertical'
Show Example:
jQuery
rtlEnabled
Specifies whether or not the current component supports a right-to-left representation.
Type: Boolean
Default Value: false
If you need to switch the display of this DevExtreme component to right-to-left, enable a specifically designed configuration option - rtlEnabled. When this option is set to true, the text flows from right to left, and the layout the component's elements is reversed. To switch the entire application/site to a right-to-left representation, use the static DevExpress.rtlEnabled field.
Show Example:
jQuery
selectedItem
Holds an object representing the currently selected menu item.
Type: Object
Default Value: false
Show Example:
jQuery
showFirstSubmenuMode
Specifies by which user interaction the first-level submenu is shown.
Type: String
Default Value: 'onclick'
Accepted Values: 'onhover'|'onHoverStay'|'onclick'
To set an event for displaying the secondary-level submenus, use the showSubmenuMode option.
Show Example:
jQuery
showPopupMode
Deprecated
Use the showFirstSubmenuMode option instead.
Specifies by which user interaction submenus are shown.
Type: String
Default Value: 'onclick'
Accepted Values: 'onhover'|'onHoverStay'|'onclick'
showSubmenuMode
Specifies by which user interaction secondary-level submenus are shown.
Type: String
Default Value: 'auto'
Accepted Values: 'onhover'|'onHoverStay'|'onclick' | 'auto'
By default, the secondary-level submenus of the dxMenu widget are displayed on the same event as the first-level submenu. To set another event for displaying secondary-level submenus, use the showSubmenuMode option. Alternatively, you can change the event on which the first-level submenu is displayed. For this purpose, use the showFirstSubmenuMode option.
Show Example:
jQuery
submenuDirection
Specifies the direction at which the submenus are displayed.
Type: String
Default Value: 'auto'
Accepted Values: 'auto'|'rightOrBottom'|'leftOrTop'
By default, the first submenu is displayed so that it is visible totally, based on the menu location on the page. Use the submenuDirection option to display the first submenu at the bottom or at the top of a root item when the widget's orientation is horizontal, and to the left or to the right when orientation is vertical.
submenuHiddenAction
An action performed when a submenu is hidden.
Type: String|function(e)
Function parameters:
e: Object
Provides function parameters.
Object structure:
component: Object
Provides access to the widget instance.
element: jQuery
An HTML element of the widget.
model: Object
Provides access to the data that is available for binding against the element.
rootItem: jQuery
Returns an HTML element representing the widget item that is root for those items for which the current submenu is shown.
Default Value: false
Assign a function to perform a custom action when a submenu is hidden.
Alternatively, you can assign a URL to which the browser will navigate when a submenu is hidden.
Show Example:
jQuery
submenuHidingAction
An action performed before a submenu is hidden.
Type: String|function(e)
Function parameters:
e: Object
Provides function parameters.
Object structure:
component: Object
Provides access to the widget instance.
element: jQuery
An HTML element of the widget.
model: Object
Provides access to the data that is available for binding against the element.
rootItem: jQuery
Returns an HTML element representing the widget item that is root for those items for which the current submenu is shown.
cancel: Boolean
Indicates whether to cancel hiding the submenu.
Default Value: false
Assign a function to perform a custom action before a submenu is hidden.
Alternatively, you can assign a URL to which the browser will navigate before a submenu is hidden.
Show Example:
jQuery
submenuShowingAction
An action performed when a submenu is shown.
Type: String|function(e)
Function parameters:
e: Object
Provides function parameters.
Object structure:
component: Object
Provides access to the widget instance.
element: jQuery
An HTML element of the widget.
model: Object
Provides access to the data that is available for binding against the element.
rootItem: jQuery
Returns an HTML element representing the widget item that is root for those items for which the current submenu is shown.
Default Value: false
Assign a function to perform a custom action when a submenu is shown.
Alternatively, you can assign a URL to which the browser will navigate when a submenu is shown.
Show Example:
jQuery
submenuShownAction
An action performed before a submenu is shown.
Type: String|function(e)
Function parameters:
e: Object
Provides function parameters.
Object structure:
component: Object
Provides access to the widget instance.
element: jQuery
An HTML element of the widget.
model: Object
Provides access to the data that is available for binding against the element.
rootItem: jQuery
Returns an HTML element representing the widget item that is root for those items for which the current submenu is shown.
Default Value: false
Assign a function to perform a custom action before a submenu is shown.
Alternatively, you can assign a URL to which the browser will navigate before a submenu is shown.
Show Example:
jQuery
visible
A Boolean value specifying whether or not the widget is visible.
Type: Boolean
Default Value: true
Show Example:
jQuery
width
Specifies the width of the widget.
Type: Number|String|function
Return Value: Number|String
The widget width.
Default Value: undefined
The option can hold a value of the following types.
 - numeric
 The widget width in pixels.
 - string
 A CSS measurement of the widget width (e.g., "55px", "80%", "auto" and "inherit").
 - function
 The function returning the widget width. For example, see the following code.
 JavaScript
 width: function () {
 return baseWidth - 10 + "%";
 }


Flickerstrings is a new experimental work created by the developer of FIG and Jump on Mushrooms: The Game. In it, players are required to draw an object to use as a playable character, starting from the brown box and ending when the maximum line length is reached. Once drawn, the shape can be moved around using the cursor keys. This shape turns into an immovable platform when the player attempts to draw another shape from the brown box.
The length of each string is limited, but you can cancel any mistakes by right clicking before the shape is drawn. You can also press the space key to restart a level at any time.
There are a total of twelve stages included in this version.


text:
With development of the modern electronic and mechanical devices, cooling requirement has become a serious challenge. Innovative heat transfer enhancement methods are generally accompanied by undesirable increase of pressure drop and consequently a pumping power penalty. The current study aims to present a novel and easy method to manufacture a mini heat sink using porous fins and magnetite nanofluid (Fe3O4/water) as the coolant for simultaneous heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop reduction.
A three-dimensional numerical study is carried out to evaluate the thermal and hydrodynamic performance of the mini heat sink at different volume fractions, porosities and Reynolds numbers, using finite volume method. The solver specifications for discretization of the domain involve the SIMPLE, second-order upwind and second order for pressure, momentum and energy, respectively.
Results show that porous fins have a favorable effect on both heat transfer and pressure drop compared to solid fins. Creation of a virtual velocity slip on the channel-fin interfaces similar to the micro scale conditions and the flow permeation into the porous fins are the main mechanisms of pressure drop reduction. On the other hand, the heat transfer enhancement is attributed to the increase of the solid-fluid contact area and the improvement of the flow mixing because of the flow permeation into the porous fins. An optimal porosity for maximum convective heat transfer enhancement is obtained as a function of Reynolds number. However, taking both pressure drop and heat transfer effects into account, the overall heat sink performance is shown to be improved at high of Reynolds numbers, volume fractions and fin porosities.
Thermal radiation and gravity effects are ignored, and thermal equilibrium is assumed between solid and fluid phases.
A maximum of 32 per cent increase of convective heat transfer is achieved along with a maximum of 33 per cent reduction in the pressure drop using porous fins and ferrofluid in heat sink.
Bezaatpour, M. and Goharkhah, M. (2019), "A novel heat sink design for simultaneous heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop reduction utilizing porous fins and magnetite ferrofluid", International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, Vol. 29 No. 9, pp. 3128-3147. _URL_
Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited


Thursday, February 5, 2009
String or binary data would be truncated
There are many times where a query may result to the following error:
String or binary data would be truncated.
The statement has been terminated.
We will go through a simple example for explaining this behavior.
Consider the following table:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Products](
[id] [int] NOT NULL,
[code] [varchar](10) NULL,
[description] [varchar](100) NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_Products] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[id] ASC
)) ON [PRIMARY]
In our scenario, we will use the Products table which as the name implies, it stores information about products.
The table has three columns:
 - id of type int which is also the primary key
 - code of type varchar with size 10
 - description of type varchar with size 100
Let's try to insert some records:
insert into Products(id,code,description)
values (1,'00000-1234','Product A')
We can see that the above insert statement was executed successfully:
select * from Products
Result:
id | code | description
---------------------------
1 |00000-1234 | Product A
Now let's try to insert another record:
insert into Products(id,code,description)
values (2,'00000-34567','Product B')
In this case, the above insert statement returns an error:
Msg 8152, Level 16, State 14, Line 1
String or binary data would be truncated.
The statement has been terminated.
The above error occurs because the size of the code value (11) in the insert statement exceeds the allowed size (10).
If we take a look at the table's definition, we can see that the size of the code column is 10.
Though the size of the value (00000-34567) in the insert statement is 11 characters. In such cases SQL Server returns the abovementioned error.
If we also try to insert multiple records (i.e. by using row constructors) and there is even one record which contains a value that exceeds the allowed size defined for the specific field in the table, then the whole statement fails:
insert into Products(id,code,description)
values (1,'00000-1234','Product A'),(2,'00000-34567','Product B'),(3,'00000-3456','Product C')
Error Message:
Msg 8152, Level 16, State 14, Line 1
String or binary data would be truncated.
The statement has been terminated.
Now let's try something else:
insert into Products(id,code,description)
values (2,cast('00000-34567' as varchar(10)),'Product B')
Within the above statement the 11-characters code value was converted to varchar(10) and the insert statement was executed successfully.
Though if we see the records in the Products table we can see that the last character (7) was not included.
select * from Products
Result:
id | code | description
---------------------------
1 | 00000-1234 | Product A
2 | 00000-3456 | Product B
As we can see, there are two approaches handling this issue: either filter your data correctly (with respect to the size of characters for the columns in the table's definition) before trying to insert them into the table, or use a SQL Server function (i.e. cast, convert, substring, etc.) in order to automatically remove the redundant characters. The choice is yours!
Of course, you can always use larger column sizes I guess! :)
--
My latest projects:
DBA Security Advisor: Secure your SQL Server instances against security risks.
In-Memory OLTP Simulator: Easily benchmark SQL Server's In-Memory OLTP Engine against your custom workload.
Artemiou SQL Books: Download my latest free books on SQL Server.
Artemiou Data Tools: See my latest software project.
Artemakis Artemiou [MVP]
Author & Editor
Has laoreet percipitur ad. Vide interesset in mei, no his legimus verterem. Et nostrum imperdiet appellantur usu, mnesarchum referrentur id vim.
1 comments:
Ameenulla said...
i am getting the same problem.i am dumping data from one table to another(insert in to table 1 select * from table2) , here my requirement is insert the valid record and discard the invalid record whose lenth is exceeding .