t created. If a matching deduplication string is found in an OpsItem that has a status of Resolved, then the system creates a new OpsItem.
 - If the system finds a matching deduplication string in an OpsItem, but the resources are different, then the system creates the new OpsItem.
Configuring Deduplication Strings
OpsCenter includes the following options for configuring deduplication strings.
 - Edit preconfigured deduplication strings: Each of the OpsItem default CloudWatch Events rules includes a preconfigured deduplication string. You can edit these deduplication strings in CloudWatch Events.
 - Manually specify deduplication strings: You can enter a deduplication string by using either the Deduplication string field in the console or the OperationalData parameter when you create a new OpsItem by using either the AWS CLI or AWS Tools for Windows PowerShell.
After the system creates an OpsItem, it populates the Deduplication string field, if a string was specified. Here's an example.
 Viewing an OpsItem deduplication entry in the AWS Management
 console
After you create an OpsItem, you can't edit or change the deduplication strings in that OpsItem.
This sections includes the following procedures for configuring deduplication strings.
Note
For information about entering deduplication strings when you manually create an OpsItem in the console, see Creating OpsItems Manually.
Editing a deduplication String in an OpsCenter Default CloudWatch Events Rule
Use the following procedure to specify a deduplication string for a CloudWatch Events rule that targets OpsCenter.
To edit a deduplication string in an OpsItem default CloudWatch Events rule
 1. Sign in to the AWS Management Console and open the CloudWatch console at _URL_
 2. In the navigation pane, choose Rules.
 3. Choose a rule, and then choose Actions, Edit.

 Choosing an OpsItem default CloudWatch Events rule in the
 console
 4. In the Targets section, expand the lower Input transformer field and locate the "operationalData": { "/aws/dedup" JSON entry and the deduplication strings that you want to edit.

 Editing a deduplication string in CloudWatch Events
 The deduplication string entry in CloudWatch Events rules uses the following JSON format.
 "operationalData": { "/aws/dedup": {"type": "SearchableString","value": "{\"dedupString\":\"Words the system should use to check for duplicate OpsItems\"}"}
 Here is an example.
 "operationalData": { "/aws/dedup": {"type": "SearchableString","value": "{\"dedupString\":\"SSMOpsCenter-EBS-volume-performance-issue\"}"}
 5. Edit the deduplications strings, and then choose Configure details to finish updating the rule.
Specifying a deduplication String by Using the AWS CLI
You can specify a deduplication string when you manually create a new OpsItem by using the AWS CLI. You enter the deduplication string by using the OperationalData parameter. The parameter syntax uses JSON, as shown here.
--operational-data '{"/aws/dedup":{"Value":"{\"dedupString\": \"Words the system should use to check for duplicate OpsItems\"}","Type":"SearchableString"}}'
Here is an example command that specifies a deduplication string of disk full.
Linux
aws ssm create-ops-item --title "EC2 instance disk full" --description "Log clean up may have failed which caused the disk to be full" --priority 1 --source ec2 --operational-data '{"/aws/dedup":{"Value":"{\"dedupString\": \"disk full\"}","Type":"SearchableString"}}' --tags "Key=EC2,Value=ProductionServers" --notifications Arn="arn:aws:sns:us-west-1:_PHONE_:TestUser"
Windows
aws ssm create-ops-item --title "EC2 instance disk full" --description "Log clean up may have failed which caused the disk to be full" --priority 1 --source EC2 --operational-data={\"/aws/dedup\":{\"Value\":\"{\\"""dedupString\\""":\\"""disk full\\"""}\",\"Type\":\"SearchableString\"}} --tags "Key=EC2,Value=ProductionServers" --notifications Arn="arn:aws:sns:us-west-1:_PHONE_:TestUser"


text:
When a new study is released with numbers on median (i.e., half-higher, half-lower) damage awards, the one thing you should realize it's not going to be capturing are "runaway" outcomes, which by definition are the outliers. If 98 lawsuits end in awards of $5,000 each, one ends in an award of $500,000, and one ends in an award of $50,000,000, then the median award among the 100 will be exactly $5,000, even though the mean, or average, will exceed $500,000. Those particular numbers are purely by way of example, but in all real-world instances I know of in which both measures are available, mean or average awards come out higher than median, and often very much higher (which has implications for the way cases settle before trial "in the shadow of" possible outcomes, as the vast majority do; these settlement flows of course do not show up in figures on trial awards). Median trial numbers are obviously badly flawed as a way of trying to assess such questions as whether the amount of money moving through the system is high or low, rising or falling.
To put it differently, could you please refrain next time from asserting that median numbers "debunk tales of runaway civil trial damages", when they quite plainly do no such thing?

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Create a README for your repo
VSTS | TFS 2018 | TFS 2017 | TFS 2015
Your Git repo should have a readme file so that viewers know what your code does and how they can get started using it. Your readme should speak to the following audiences:
 - Users that just want to run your code
 - Developers that want to build and test your code. Developers are also users.
 - Contributors that want to submit changes to your code. Contributors are both developers and users.
Write your readme in Markdown instead of plain text. Markdown makes it easy to format text, include images, and link as needed to additional documentation from your readme.
Here are some great readmes that use this format and speak to all three audiences, for reference and inspiration:
Create an intro
Start your readme off with a short explanation describing your project. Add a screenshot or animated GIF in your intro if your project has a user interface. If your code relies on or another application or library, make sure to state those dependencies in the intro or right below it. Apps and tools that run only on specific platforms should have the supported operating system versions noted in this section of the readme.
Help your users get started
Guide users through getting your code up and running on their own system in the next section of your readme. Stay focused on the essential steps to get started with your code. Link to the required versions of any prerequisite software so users can get to them easily. If you have complex setup steps, document those outside your readme and link to them.
Point out where to get the latest release of your code. A binary installer or instructions on using your code through packaging tools is best. If your project is a library or an interface to an API, put a code snippet showing basic usage and show sample output for the code in that snippet.
Provide build steps for developers
Use the next section of your readme to show developers how to build your code from a fresh clone of the repo and run any included tests. Give details about the tools needed to build the code and document the steps to configure them to get a clean build. Break out dense or complex build instructions into a separate page in your documentation and link to it if needed.
Provide the commands to run any test cases provided with the source code after the build is successful. Developers lean on these test cases to ensure that they don't break your code as they make changes. Good test cases also serve as samples developers can use to build their own test cases when adding new functionality.
Help users contribute
The last section of your readme helps users and developers get involved to report problems and suggest ideas to make your code better. Users should be linked to channels where they can open up bugs, request features, or get help using your code.
Developers need to know what rules they need to follow to contribute changes, such as coding/testing guidelines and pull request requirements. If you require a contributor agreement to accept pull requests or enforce a community code of conduct, this process should be linked to or documented in this section. State what license the code is released under and link to the full text of the license.


text:
Household Food and Nutrition Security Strategic Framework
Community Food Committees for urban health and nutrition
The Household Food and Nutrition Security Strategic Framework represented a dramatic departure from South African food security policy and programming, calling for explicitly transversal governance approaches to address food security through food system interventions. Not only was the approach within the document novel, but so was the approach to framework development. The strategic framework was extensively workshopped within government and beyond. The government then sought to develop an implementation strategy through a series of facilitated stakeholder engagements.
Impact and innovation
Impact on urban food policy governance / Innovation from private sector
- Jane Battersby Lennard

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Things You'll Need
9/16-inch wood drill bit
5/8-inch masonry bit
2 by 8 pressure treated lumber
1/2-inch by 3-inch concrete anchors
Epoxy cement (optional)
1/2-inch diameter by 4-inch steel bolts
1/2-inch flat washers
2 by 8 joist hangers
Sometimes the design of a home's floor structure calls for attaching floor joists to a concrete block wall. The most common means of securing floor joists to a concrete wall is to install a ledger board that matches the joist size. The method used in typical 2 by 8 floor joist construction will insure proper support for the floor joists. The installation procedure can also be adapted to any floor joist size.
Determine the designated level of the top surface of the floor joists and mark that point on the vertical surface of the concrete block wall at both ends of the wall. Snap a chalk line between the marks to establish a guideline and check the line with a level. This guideline will define the top edge of the ledger board.
Video of the Day
Measure the horizontal length of the concrete block wall and cut 2 by 8 pressure-treated lumber to the length measured. The cut boards will be used for the ledger board(s). If your construction plans call for a different joist dimension, cut the appropriate corresponding lumber size for the ledger board(s).
Lay out anchor bolt locations on the ledger board(s). Hook the end of a measuring tape on the end of the ledger board(s) and place marks over the full length spaced 30-inches apart. For ledgers with multiple pieces, repeat the marking procedure for each board. Extend each of the marks across the width of the board(s) using a framing square.
Place a mark 3 inches in from the edge at every other line marked on your ledger board. This will mark the center points of the anchor holes along one edge of the ledger board(s).
Repeat Step 4 for the alternate marks at the opposite board edge to create a zig-zagged pattern for the anchor bolt positions.
Add an additional anchor bolt location 3 inches from each end of each ledger board and centered in the board's width.
Drill a 9/16-inch hole at each anchor bolt center point marked on the boards.
Position the ledger board(s) against the concrete block wall with the top edge aligned with the chalked guideline and mark each of the drilled anchor bolt holes on the wall. Insert a pencil into each hole to mark the wall surface, or you can insert a nail set and tap it with a hammer to place a mark in the concrete. When the anchor hole locations have been marked on the concrete wall, set the ledger board(s) aside.
Bore a horizontal hole in the concrete block wall at each anchor bolt location using a power drill mounted with a 5/8-inch masonry bit. Drill the hole depth to match the specific anchor length being used, typically about 2 1/2-inches deep. Blow or brush the concrete dust out of each hole as it is completed.
Insert a concrete anchor into each hole drilled in the concrete block wall.
Reposition the ledger board against the wall and align the top edge with the chalked guideline. Slide a flat washer onto a 1/2-inch by 4-inch steel bolt and insert a bolt into each anchor location. Tighten each bolt using an adjustable or socket wrench to secure the ledger to the concrete block wall.
Repeat Step 11 for additional ledger boards, if applicable.
Mark the floor joist layout along the installed ledger boards and extend the layout lines vertically using a framing square.
Install one joist hanger at each floor joist location and install the joists following standard framing practices.
Holding the ledger boards in place for marking the anchor bolt locations and installing the ledger boards is easier with assistance.
A layer of epoxy cement can be applied to the concrete anchors during installation to strengthen their attachment to the concrete block wall. Be careful not to allow the epoxy to get into the anchor threads and prevent proper bolt installation.
For applications where the floor joists run parallel to the concrete block wall, the floor joist that runs adjacent to the wall can be installed in the same manner as the ledger beam using concrete anchors. When this is the case, the floor joist against the block wall should be pressure-treated wood.
There are a wide range of concrete wall anchors available and many types that work well for attaching wood framing to block walls. It is recommended you consult your local building department for information on local code requirements regarding size and spacing before selecting the wall anchor to use for this project.
It is recommended that all wood that is installed in direct contact with concrete or other masonry be pressure-treated to resist mold and rotting.
Video of the Day


Skip to content
Wrong Sounding Stories: Paintings by Adam Mysock
Wrong Sounding Stories is a wacky show. Rounding out a season of history-based exhibits, Adam Mysock applies his own artistic equivalent of genetic engineering to some well-known history paintings reworked to feature Abraham Lincoln in a starring role. For instance, his remake of Emanuel Leutze's Washington Crossing the Delaware is very similar to the original, and his deft brushwork insinuates an "old master" touch, but yes, that's Lincoln's head on Washington's torso. And that vague glint in the distance is a motorcycle doing a wheelie. Some less famous originals may prove more amenable to this approach. Elihu Vedder's mystical 1863 painting, Questioner of the Sphinx, depicts a traveler from the past with his ear pressed to the Sphinx's lips as if awaiting an oracular revelation, only here he has Lincoln's head as mythic dancers cavort around a golden calf in the background. An accompanying Bible quote, "And there was a famine in the land and Abram went down into Egypt..." is typically zany, but not as much as his remake of Whistler's Mother with Lincoln dressed as Whistler's mom. While Mysock's nihilistic approach may be liberating in some ways, anything that suggests an attempt to fabricate history may inadvertently put him in the same boat with Rupert Murdoch, Fox News and the Tea Party despite his best philosophical intentions.
Written by D. Eric Bookhardt


text:
The Impact of the Chinese Exchange Policy on Foreign Trade
with the European Union
The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of the Chinese foreign exchange policy on foreign trade with the European Union. After describing the importance of the exchange rate in an open economy and some of the methodologies employed to calculate its equilibrium value, we examine whether the Chinese competitiveness is due to the existence of misalignment (undervaluation) of its exchange rate, or rather, to other sources of competitiveness. For this purpose, we use a Vector Error Correction (VEC) model to estimate a long-run exports equation. The empirical results indicate that over the past few years, Chinese exports have benefited from an 'unfair' competitive advantage resulting from the manipulation of its currency value.


Crucial Skills Logo The Official VitalSmarts Blog
Are Top Leaders Exempt from Using Crucial Conversations Skills?
Dear Joseph,
Double Standard
Dear Double Standard,
The results stunned us.
 - Five times more likely to be seen as diplomatic
 - Four times more likely to be seen as likeable
 - Three times more likely to be seen as knowledgeable
 - 140% more persuasive
 - 140% more likely to stay in dialogue with others
 - 180% more likely to maintain relationships with others
Joseph Grenny
The ideas expressd in this article are base on the skills and principles taught in Crucial Conversations. Learn more about Crucial Conversations
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12 thoughts on "Are Top Leaders Exempt from Using Crucial Conversations Skills?
 1. You say that Top Leaders must be bilingual in their communication skills. I challenge that it is goes further than this. I believe Top Leaders are quite multi-lingual, as they are extraordinarily capable of switching their tone and presentation to suit the moment. Most people can relate to their own responses to those around them based on who they are speaking with at a given moment. Whether it be a co-worker, family member, old friend, or young child, we often change to adjust to an appropriate communication style that works best at that particular moment. Welch and Trump, I sincerely believe, are much different one-on-one than they are at the head of boardroom,(or oval office). Where they may speak to crowd in a manner larger than life, their ability to scale back to dealing with individual professional or personal issues are likely what keeps them at the helm.
 1. In socialinguistics, this is often called code switching and Obama was pretty good at it, especially with respect to race.
 2. This is a very clear explanation of the communication dynamics we are seeing in the media and why this will not work in the workplace. Thank you, once again, for your brilliance and heart.
 3. Great article & vindicating after having accepted criticism for 'tentative' response in recent interview. Translation of communication style from one set of circumstances to another is nuanced & not as interchangeable as Lego blocks.
 4. Very insightful to point to the difference whether we strive for connection or memorability. Thank you for that perspective! Follow up question: are there other (equally effective) strategies to achieve memorability, besides instigating conflict and disagreements? Can you please share some of your thoughts around this?
 5. Why is the difference 'performance vs. raltionship' and not just 'relationship'?
 In your experiment – the people were in the role of co-worker, aka peer. They weren't in the role of boss or supervisor or VP or CEO, aka leader.
 I think this could explain the difference just as well.
 Or, it's possible your experiment, even with my comments, just doesn't address this issue at all….
 6. While this is insightful, I think it would be great to gain some intelligence on how politicians can most effectively engage their constituents, especially when they disagree with a position.
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text:
My Asiatic lilies that in previous years were pink, white, and yellow came up orange and black this year. What happened?
—Doug Sheehan, Ludlow, VT
This is frustrating, but not unusual, and you can't tell with complete certainty what happened to your lilies. The black-spotted orange lilies (as a child, I called them tiger lilies) are very robust. If there were any small bulbs, or even bulb scales, from orange and black ones mixed in with the pastel-flowering bulbs when you planted them, they may have grown and thrived while the more delicate bulbs diminished and eventually died out.
Little "bulbils," the seed-like miniature bulbs that often form along the stems of Asiatic lilies, should produce plants that are identical to those from which they came. But you can't count on real seeds from the plant's seed pods to "come true." So if you didn't deadhead your lily flowers faithfully before seed pods matured, it's likely they produced ripe seeds which reverted to the more common ancestral orange and black form. After falling to the ground, some may have grown, then bloomed orange and black after several years, eventually taking over your lily displays. They won't revert back to pink, white, or yellow again.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
- Prayer and Worship
- Beliefs and Teachings
- Issues and Action
- Catholic Giving
- About USCCB
A Summary of the Fairfield Study
Frank J. Rice, Claude A. Lanctot, and Consuelo Garcia-Devesa
This article reports on an international study from1977 of the statistical evaluation of the Sympto-Thermal Method. The study conducted was of fertile women from five different countries to determine menstrual cycle length and pregnancy rates. They tested women using STM as compared to those using contraceptives.
Further Evolution of the Sympto-Thermal Methods
This article describes the tested effectiveness of the Sympto-Thermal Method. It explains, in detail, how to chart a menstrual cycle with the different approaches to STM. In doing so, Dr. Roetzer examines the evolution of the Sympto-Thermal Method and the reliability gained in conception regulation.
Sympto-Thermal Methods of Natural Family Planning
With today's pedagogical techniques, almost 100% of fertile women can recognize their menstrual cycle based on mucus secretion thanks to the Sympto-Thermal Method. This article gives a brief overview of how this method works and what makes it effective.
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United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. This link is provided
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text:
Flash desolventizing defatted soybean meals washed with aqueous alcohols to yield a high-protein product
Rent the article at a discountRent now
* Final gross prices may vary according to local VAT.Get Access
A vapor-type desolventizer was developed previously at this laboratory to recover hexane and concentrated alcohols from soybean mares. The work reported in this paper extends the application of this unit to the recovery of dilute alcohols. Soybean protein meals washed with aqueous alcohols are debittered to yield a better flavored product with a significant increase in protein content. The protein of defatted meal was increased from about 50 to 70 or 75% by washing with methanol, ethanol, or isopropyl alcohol in a concentration range of 50–70%. System modifications and critical variables were investigated so as to minimize residual alcohol and to yield a free-flowing homogeneous product. Residual alcohol in the desolventized flakes was 0.25–1.0%. Facility of removal followed the order—methanol, isopropyl alcohol, and ethanol. Two-stage flash desolventization as well as the use of the more dilute alcohols resulted in lower residual alcohol content of the desolventized product. After a minimum value for residual alcohol in the flakes is reached, further removal is difficult. However, water continues to be removed so that the alcohol water ratio becomes higher with an increased vaporization force as with increased temperature. It is postulated that the alcohol is held by adsorption or hydrogen bonding. The desolventized products analyzed: protein 72–77%; Nitrogen Solubility Index 4–16; water absorption values 328–410%. The products were light-colored, granular, and free flowing. The soybean flakes extracted with methanol exhibited the best flavor.
- Backel, A. C., P. A. Belter, and A. K. Smith, Soybean Dig.,10, 17–18 (1949).
- Belter, P. A., O. L. Brekke, G. F. Walther, and A. K. Smith, JAOCS,31, 401–403 (1954). CrossRef
- Brekke, O. L., G. C. Mustakas, M. C. Raether, and E. L. Griffin,Ibid. 36, 256–260 (1959). CrossRef
- Mustakas, G. C., L. D. Kirk, and E. L. Griffin,Ibid. 38, 473–479 (1961).
- Black, L. T., L. D. Kirk, and G. C. Mustakas,Ibid. 38, 484–485 (1961).
- Smith, A. K., and S. J. Circle, Ind. Eng. Chem.30, 1414–1418 (1938). CrossRef
- Flash desolventizing defatted soybean meals washed with aqueous alcohols to yield a high-protein product
Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society
Volume 39, Issue 4 , pp 222-226
- Cover Date
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text:
Food security v energy security: land use conflict and the law
In NSW and Queensland contamination is more likely than in Western Australia, since the aquifers are very close to the coal seams being fracked. Therefore, it is necessary for the government regulating gas extraction to ensure that the well design and construction has multiple barriers to reduce the likelihood of such a contamination.
Contamination can also come from the produced water that is returned to the surface. A major challenge for governments is how this produced water, which contains fracking chemicals and compounds, is going to be treated and disposed of. It must be done in a manner that ensures it does not escape to enter surrounding water sources, such as streams, rivers and bores, thus contaminating water sources used for agriculture.
Call for an embargo
Finally, land access and conflict of land use is of major concern for farmers. This issue has been recognised by the Queensland government, which has declared a two-kilometre exclusion zone on mining activities near towns with more than 1000 people. Many farmers are calling for a similar embargo over prime agricultural areas.
Clearly there is a conflict in the use of the same area of land for agricultural purposes and the extraction of coal seam gas.
Farmers' concerns about water use and aquifer contamination are real.
Governments are attempting to manage these important land management and technical issues. Coal seam gas development is going to forge ahead, especially since it is providing many important jobs in the declining Australian economy.
Dr Tina Hunter is assistant professor of law at Bond University, and a member of the Legal Culture Research Group and the Research Group for Natural Resources, Environment and Development Law at the University of Bergen, Norway. Read more about FAQ Research writers here.
Page 2 of 2 | Previous page


text:
From Bicycle South's e-newsletter:
It's Official! 3 Foot Safe Passing Bill Became The Law On July 1st!
Georgia Bikes! and other bicycle advocacy groups were successful this past Georgia Legislative Sesson in getting a Safe Passing Law that requires motorists to maintain at least 3 feet of distance when passing cyclists. Previously, drivers were only required to keep "a safe distance."
Visit the Georgia Bikes! website for more information, but here is a summary of what the Better Bicycling Bill (HB 101) covers:
- Motor vehicles must provide at least three feet of safe passing distance when overtaking a bicyclist
- Cyclists may move to the center of the lane, i.e. take the lane, when surface obstructions, hazards or debris make traveling to the right unsafe
- Cyclists must travel in the direction of traffic while using a designated bicycle lane*
- Bicyclists have the right of way in a designated bicycle lane
- Designated bicycle lanes must be built according to recognized national design standards
* While the new law only specifies that cyclists in bike lanes must travel in the same direction as traffic, bicycles, as vehicles, must abide by all normal vehicular laws. Wrong way travel in any traffic lane is unlawful and unsafe.
The following image illustrates the kind of elbow room the new law protects:
|Photo courtesy of the GA Bikes! website|


text:
The Effect Of Potassium Permanganate On Betung Bamboo (Dendrocalamus Asper) Epoxy Fiber Compositesusing Hand Lay Up Method
Keywords:Composite, Betung Bamboo, KMnO4, Epoxy Resin, Tensile Properties
The application of natural fiber composites in the modern world is often overlooked due to the rise of new synthetic fibers. The BetungBamboo is one type of natural fiber that has been used for many generations in the Indonesian archipelago. The fiber can be used to produce composites, however the choice of matrix and fiber treatment has an effect on determining the strength properties of the composite. In this study using epoxy resin as a matrix and Betung Bamboo fiber as a filler. Permanganate treatment of Betung bamboo fiber was conducted using KMnO4 solution. With variations in KMnO4 concentrations of 3%, 5%, and 7% for 15 minutes of immersion. The fabrication was carried out by hand lay-up method with silicone rubber molds. Tensile tests are then carried out to determine the tensile strength of the composite. Digital microscopy was observed to see the fracture pattern of the composite. The initial hypothesis of this study was the treatment of KMnO4 solution which aims to improve the interfacial properties of strength and resistance of Betung bamboo fiber and matrix, so that the mechanical properties of the composite are stronger. The highest tensile strength was at 5% KMnO4 content of 33.55 MPa and the lowest was at the specimen without KMnO4 content of 28.06 MPa. The highest strain was on specimens without KMnO4 content with 2.645% and the lowest on 7% KMnO4 content with 1.513%. The highest elastic modulus value was at 7% KMnO4 content of 20.84 MPa and the lowest was for specimens without KMnO4 content of 10.6 MPa. In the tensile test specimen without KMnO4 content, there are pullout fracture patterns, and in the tensile test specimen with 5% KMnO4 content there are indications of overload fracture pattern.
How to Cite
Copyright (c) 2023 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ENGINEERING AND APPLIED TECHNOLOGY (IJEAT)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


Sunday, May 24, 2015
Understanding AngularJS Isolated Scope
In Angular, directives can have an isolate scope that creates an inner scope that is separated from the outer scope. There are a variety of options for mapping the outer scope to the inner scope, and this can often be a source of confusion. Recently, I've noticed a ton of up-votes for my answer to the Stackoverlow question: Differences among = & @ in Angular directive scope?
I created a simple jsFiddle to answer the question. The HTML markup looks like this:
 Outer bar: {{bar}}
 Status: {{status}}

The code behind it:
app.controller("myController", function ($scope) {
 $scope.status = 'Ready.';
 $scope.a = 1;
 $scope.b = 2;
 $ = 'This is bar.';
 $scope.update = function (parm1, parm2) {
 $scope.status = parm1 + ": " + parm2;
 }; }); app.directive("myDirective", function () {
 return {
 restrict: 'E',
 scope: {
 foo: '=',
 literal: '@',
 literalBehavior: '_USER_',
 behavior: '&',
 call: '&'
 template: 'Inner bar: {{foo}}' +
 'Inner literal: {{literal}}' +
 'Literal Behavior: {{literalBehavior}}' +
 'Result of behavior(): {{result}}',
 link: function (scope) {
 = + " (modified by directive).";
 scope.result = scope.behavior();
 { val: 99 });
 }; });
With the following result:
To break down what is happening, I offer the following explanation that I hope will help to clarify how isolate scope works. Please note that although for the sake of illustration I'm using $scope, this works equally well with the controller as approach that I recommend.
if your directive looks like this:
Then you have these possibilities for scope:
{ target: '=' }
This will bind (directive) to $ (outer scope). This is because = is for two-way binding and when you don't specify anything, it automatically matches the name on the inner scope to the name of the attribute on the directive. Changes to will update $
{ bar: '=target' }
This will bind to $ This is because again we specify two-way binding, but tell the directive that what is in the attribute "target" should appear on the inner scope as "bar". Changes to will update $
{ target: '@' }
This will set to "foo" because @ means "take it literally." Changes to won't propagate outside of your directive.
{ bar: '_USER_' }
This will set to "foo" because @ takes it's value from the target attribute. Changes to won't propagate outside of your directive.
Now let's talk behaviors. Let's assume your outer scope has this:
$ = function(parm1, parm2) {
 console.log(parm1 + ": " + parm2); }
There are several ways you can access this. If your HTML is:
{ target: '=' }
Will allow you to call,2) from your directive.
Same thing,
{ bar: '=target' }
Allows you to call,2) from your directive.
The more common way is to establish this as a behavior. Technically, ampersand evaluates an expression in the context of the parent. That's important. So I could have:
And if the parent scope has $scope.a = 1 and $scope.b = 2, then on my directive:
{ target: '&' }
I can call and the result will be 3. This is important - the binding is exposed as a function to the inner scope but the directive can bind to an expression.
A more common way to do this is:

Then you can use:
{ target: '&' }
And call from the directive:{ val1: 1, val2: 2 });
This takes the object you passed, maps the properties to parameters in the evaluated expression and then calls the behavior, this case calling $,2);
You could also do this:
This locks in the first parameter to the literal 1, and from the directive:
{ bar: '&target' }
Which would call $,5);
As you can see, scope isolation is a very powerful mechanism. When used correctly it enables you to reuse a directive and protect the parent scope from side effects, while allowing you to pass important attributes and bindings as necessary. Understanding this will be a tremendous benefit for you when authoring custom directives.
As always, your thoughts and feedback are appreciated!
1 comment:


Construction Specs In Google Docs?
In the digital age, the right word processor can significantly impact professional sectors like architecture and construction. Two giants in this domain are Microsoft Word and Google Docs. While both offer robust features, they have distinct differences, particularly when handling intricate documents such as construction specifications.
Why Issues Arise when Transitioning Between Word and Google Docs
 1. Different Software Foundations: Microsoft Word and Google Docs are built on different software architectures, leading to inconsistencies when moving documents between the two.
 2. Advanced Features and Compatibility: Word boasts a plethora of advanced features, some of which may not be represented correctly or at all in Google Docs.
 3. Styles and Themes: Word's sophisticated system for styles and themes might be oversimplified when imported to Google Docs, causing a lack of uniformity.
 4. Embedded Objects: Elements like Excel tables from Word might not transition smoothly into Google Docs.
 5. Fonts: Google Docs might substitute specific fonts from Word that it doesn't support, altering the document's appearance.
 6. Pagination and Layout: Layout settings can shift, affecting the document's structure.
 7. Document Properties: Metadata and tracked changes could be lost or altered during the transition.
Challenges for Construction Professionals
For those dealing with hundreds of construction specifications:
 - Consistency is Key: Construction specs must be clear and uniform. Inconsistencies can lead to costly misunderstandings.
 - Time Constraints: Correcting these errors manually for numerous documents is time-consuming.
 - Potential for Errors: Misformatting can result in grave construction mistakes, leading to both time and RFI/Change Orders.
Comparing File Formats
 1. .doc vs. .docx: Microsoft transitioned from the .doc to the .docx format in 2007, with the latter offering better compatibility with modern software, efficient file sizes, and richer formatting features.
 2. Other Formats: While the .odt format (used by LibreOffice Writer) has features akin to .docx, it's not as universally accepted. The .rtf (Rich Text Format) also doesn't measure up to .docx in terms of compatibility, efficiency, and richness.
The Significance of Styles and Formatting in Construction
Beyond mere aesthetics, styles and formatting are essential in construction spes. They ensure:
 - Professionalism: Uniform formatting enhances the document's professional appeal.
 - Efficiency: Using styles can save time and reduce errors.
 - Flexibility: Styles enable swift and comprehensive changes, avoiding the hassle of manual tweaks.
Final Thoughts
When it comes to drafting construction specifications, Microsoft Word and its .docx format stand unparalleled. The choice is more than just about aesthetics; it's about ensuring clarity, precision, and compatibility. For industry professionals, while modern tools like Google Docs offer excellent collaborative features, Microsoft Word remains the unmatched tool for their intricate documentation needs. There's no 100% replacement for Microsoft Word.


text:
Have you ever stopped to wonder about the avocado's bizarrely large seed? How on earth this most scrumptious of plants could ever have propagated itself in the wild when swallowing such a seed could mean extreme discomfort when passing it or even death by choking?
Unlike many other plants we eat that humans have genetically manipulated over the years to make larger, more nutritious, and more delicious (such as corn and strawberries), today's avocados are pretty much the same as their ancient ancestors. But it turns out that the animals that helped the avocado spread its massive seeds no longer exists.
To learn more, check out this post on Brainpickings that reviews Connie Barlow's 2002 book The Ghosts of Evolution: Nonsensical Fruit, Missing Partners, and Other Ecological Anachronisms and includes the following It's Okay to Be Smart video about stinky ginko seeds and avocados:
Without an animal around that can eat avocados without fear of choking or asphyxiation, the avocado only remains because humans find it so goddamn delicious. In honor of our ancestors that decided this fruit was worth preserving, below are directions for how I usually make guacamole. Enjoy!
2 ripe avocados
1-2 cloves garlic, depending on size (and love of garlic)
1 bunch cilantro
Fresh ground black pepper
1. Slice open the avocados long ways, twist apart, remove the seed, halve the halves, and turn the quarters inside out to remove the avocado flesh into a bowl. Here's a video of how I do it (and yes, I do drop the pit on the floor):
2. Smash the garlic clove with the flat of your knife, finely mince, and add to the bowl.
3. Halve the lime, and (depending on how juicy your lime is) squeeze the juice into the bowl. (Start with just one half; you can always add more later.)
4. Using a fork, mash the avocado chunks against the side of the bowl to your desired level of smoothness or chunkiness, mixing in with the garlic and lime as you do.
5. Slice open the jalapeno, remove seeds and membranes, finely dice, and add to the bowl.
6. Chop a handful of cilantro off of the bunch, finely chop, and add to the bowl.
7. Mixing everything together, then taste. Add more lime if it needs to be brighter. Add salt and pepper to taste.
Featured image from the Brainpickings article. Guacamole photo by me.


text:
Christian Authors Network and CBA Partner
for Literacy Mission Outreach at ICRS 2015
O'Fallon, IL— The Christian Authors Network and the Christian Booksellers Association will co-host two literacy events for 500 inner city, at risk children (ages preschool through high school) of the Orlando Children's Church prior to ICRS 2015 in Orlando, Florida. The events include author-child literacy activities and distribution of books, magazines, and reading related items.
OCC Children Meet CAN Authors
On Saturday, June 27th, Christian Authors Network children's authors will visit the Orlando Children's Church. Five hundred children will participate in literacy activities with a Christian focus. Eddie Jones (The Caden Chronicles), Carol McAdams Moore (Dare U 2 Open This Book and Just Sayin'), and Karen Whiting (Nature Girl and The One Year Devotions for Active Boys) will talk to large groups about writing and exploring God's Word through books. Katrina Cassel (Promises for God's Princesses), Diane Stortz (Words to Dream On), and Rebecca White (Nature Girl) with work with break out groups of children to explore crafts, songs, devotions and rhymes in books. No child will leave the event empty handed.
550 Literacy Bags for Children
Each of the 500 children at the Orlando Children's Church event will receive a bag containing a book by a Christian author, Christian magazines for children, and various literacy-related items. Fifty children from the church signing at the ICRS Worship Him event will also receive a bag.
OCC Children to Sing at Worship Him
Prior to singing at Worship Him on Sunday evening, children from the Orlando Church will enjoy a hot dog supper (courtesy of the CBA), hear devotions by children's authors Crystal Bowman and Dandi Daley Mackall, and receive a unique literacy bag from CAN.
The Orlando Children's Church ministers to children by sharing a clear gospel message and by feeding, clothing and teaching them life lessons and principles. Reaching children starting at the age of 4 up to 12th grade, the Orlando Children's church has seen tens of thousands of children move through their ranks, with thousands coming to Christ over the years.
Peter O'Driscoll, Orlando Children's Church founder, comments, "Children are the living messages that we send to a time and to a place that often we will never see. Let's send there as Christians with a heart full of love and Spirit of Christ."
"What's different about Christian authors? We're in literal ministry. We, at the Christian Authors Network, are bonded together in marketing. But our first priority is to minister to those the Lord brings into our sphere of influence. I'm honored to be part of something so much bigger than a marketing group."—Angela Breidenbach, CAN president
The Christian Authors Network, a marketing cooperative, was founded in 2005 and currently serves retailers and librarians nationally with professional, traditionally published experts through online, in person, and print resources.


text:
Trzebienie / woj. wielkopolskie / Poland
The post mill is the earliest type of European windmill. The defining feature is that the whole body of the mill that houses the machinery is mounted on a single vertical post, around which it can be turned to bring the sails into the wind. The earliest post mills in England are thought to have been built in the 12th century. The earliest working post mill in England still used today is to be found at Outwood in Surrey. It was built in 1665. The earliest remaining example of a non-operational mill can be found in Great Gransden in Cambridgeshire, built in 1612. Their design and usage peaked in the 18th and 19th centuries and then declined after the introduction of high-speed steam-driven milling machinery. Many still exist today, primarily to be found in Northern Europe and Great Britain. The term peg mill or peg and post mill (in which the "post" was the tailpole used to turn the mill into the wind) was used in north west England, and stob mill in north east England, to describe mills of this type.
Copyright © 2015 GregKmk


29
I did some profiling on my application and one of the results turned out that about 18% of memory on the heap is used by objects of type Double. It turns out these objects are the values in Maps, where I cannot use the primitive type.
My reasoning is that the primitive type of double consumes less memory than it's object Double. Is there a way to have a map like data structure, that would accept any type as key and a primitive double as values?
Main operations would be:
 - insertion (probably only once)
 - Lookup (contains by key)
 - Retrieval (by key)
 - Iteration
Typical maps that I have are:
 - HashMap<T, HashMap<NodeData<T>, Double>> graph
 - HashMap<Point2D, Boolean> onSea (though not a double value)
 - ConcurrentHashMap<Point2D, HashMap<Point2D, Double>>
All used with Java 8.
Addendum
I am mainly not interested in frameworks that have a solution to these type of maps, but on what has to be considered when addressing these issues. If you want, what are the concepts/ideas/approaches behind any such framework. Or the solution may be also on another level, where the maps are replaced with objects following a certain pattern like @Ilmari Karonen pointed out in his answer.
10
 - How many entries do you have in the map? Jan 18, 2017 at 17:59
 - I use multiple maps with Double as values. The largest map however seems to contain more than 32'000 elements.
 – hotzst
 Jan 18, 2017 at 18:01
 - Which implementation do you use? Have you considered using another one?
 – ppasler
 Jan 18, 2017 at 18:19
 - 4
 "that about 18% is used by objects of type" 18% of total memory? Of heap memory? Of processing time? Numbers without context are meaningless.
 – jpmc26
 Jan 18, 2017 at 22:42
 - 1
 @jpmc26: It's about memory on the heap. Clarified the question.
 – hotzst
 Jan 19, 2017 at 5:39
5 Answers 5
18
Others have already suggested several third-party implementations of primitive-valued maps. For completeness, I'd like to mention some ways to get rid of the maps entirely that you might want to consider. These solutions won't always be possible, but when they are, they will usually be both faster and more memory-efficient than any map can be.
Alternative 1: Use plain old arrays.
A simple double[] array may not be as sexy as a fancy map, but very little can beat it in compactness and speed of access.
Of course, arrays come with a bunch of limitations: their size is fixed (although you can always create a new array and copy the old one's content into it) and their keys can only be small positive integers which, for efficiency, should be reasonably dense (i.e. the total number of used keys should be a reasonably large fraction of the highest key value). But if that happens to be the case for your keys, or if you can arrange for it to be the case, arrays of primitive values can be very efficient.
In particular, if you can assign a unique small integer ID to each key object, then you can use that ID as an index into an array. Similarly, if you're already storing your objects in an array (e.g. as part of some more complex data structure) and looking them up by index, then you can simply use the same index to look up any additional metadata values in another array.
You could even dispense with the ID uniqueness requirement, if you implemented some kind of a collision handling mechanism, but at that point you're well on your way towards implementing your own hash table. In some cases that might actually make sense, but usually at that point it's probably easier to use an existing third-party implementation.
Alternative 2: Customize your objects.
Instead of maintaining a map from key objects into primitive values, why not just make those values into properties of the objects themselves? This is, after all, what object-oriented programming is all about — grouping related data into meaningful objects.
For example, instead of maintaining a HashMap<Point2D, Boolean> onSea, why not just give your points a boolean onSea property? Of course, you'll need to define your own custom point class for this, but there's no reason why you can't make it extend the standard Point2D class if you want, so that you can pass your custom points into any method that expects a Point2D.
Again, this approach may not always work directly, e.g. if you need to work with classes that you cannot modify (but see below), or if the values you want to store are associated with more than one object (as in your ConcurrentHashMap<Point2D, HashMap<Point2D, Double>>).
However, for the latter case, you may still be able to solve the problem by suitably redesigning your data representation. For example, instead of representing a weighted graph as a Map<Node, Map<Node, Double>>, you can define an Edge class like:
class Edge {
 Node a, b;
 double weight;
}
and then add an Edge[] (or Vector<Edge>) property to each node that contains any edges connected to that node.
Alternative 3: Combine multiple maps into one.
If you have multiple maps with the same keys, and cannot just turn the values into new properties of the key objects as suggested above, consider grouping them into a single metadata class and creating a single map from the keys into objects of that class. For example, instead of a Map<Item, Double> accessFrequency and a Map<Item, Long> creationTime, consider defining a single metadata class like:
class ItemMetadata {
 double accessFrequency;
 long creationTime;
}
and having a single Map<Item, ItemMetadata> to store all the metadata values. This is more memory-efficient than having multiple maps, and may also save time by avoiding redundant map lookups.
In some cases, for convenience, you may also wish to include in each metadata object a reference to its corresponding main object, so that you can access both through a single reference to the metadata object. Which naturally segues into...
Alternative 4: Use a decorator.
As a combination of the previous two alternatives, if you cannot directly add extra metadata properties into the key objects, consider instead wrapping them with decorators that can hold the extra values. Thus, for example, instead of directly creating your own point class with extra properties, you could simply do something like:
class PointWrapper {
 Point2D point;
 boolean onSea;
 // ...
}
If you like, you can even turn this wrapper into a full-blown decorator by implementing method forwarding, but even just a simple "dumb" wrapper may be sufficient for many purposes.
This approach is most useful if you can then arrange to store and work with just the wrappers, so that you never need to look up the wrapper corresponding to an unwrapped object. Of course, if you do need to do that occasionally (e.g. because you're only receiving the unwrapped objects from other code), then you can do that with a single Map<Point2D, PointWrapper>, but then you're effectively back at the previous alternative.
1
 - Thank you. This was originally the kind of answer I was looking for. The decorator approach looks very promising at least in some cases where the base object is just a reference. In such cases customizeable objects would add additional memory overhead.
 – hotzst
 Jan 19, 2017 at 10:04
16
Eclipse Collections has object and primitive maps and has Mutable and Immutable versions for both.
MutableObjectDoubleMap<String> doubleMap = ObjectDoubleMaps.mutable.empty();
doubleMap.put("1", 1.0d);
doubleMap.put("2", 2.0d);
MutableObjectBooleanMap<String> booleanMap = ObjectBooleanMaps.mutable.empty();
booleanMap.put("ok", true);
ImmutableObjectDoubleMap<String> immutableMap = doubleMap.toImmutable();
Assert.assertEquals(doubleMap, immutableMap);
A MutableMap can be used as a factory for an ImmutableMap in Eclipse Collections by calling toImmutable as I have done in the example above. Both mutable and immutable maps share a common parent interface, which in the case of the MutableObjectDoubleMap and ImmutableObjectDoubleMap above, is named ObjectDoubleMap.
Eclipse Collections also has synchronized and unmodifiable versions for all mutable containers in the library. The following code will give you a synchronized view wrapped around the primitive maps.
MutableObjectDoubleMap<String> doubleMap =
 ObjectDoubleMaps.mutable.<String>empty().asSynchronized();
doubleMap.put("1", 1.0d);
doubleMap.put("2", 2


If both parents names are on your birth certificate and they are not married, can you carry both their surnames putting your father's first and mother's surname last on your ID card?
If you are applying for your first National ID card and your parents were unmarried at the time of your birth you can have both their surnames placed on your card as your surname, provided that you can show proof that either;
(1) you have used the name throughout your school life by way of a letter from the school or examination certificate (s) or
(2) show other form of ID such as a Passport.
However if you already are in possession of a valid National ID card under either parents surname but you wish to now carry both surnames on your ID, a Protocol of Deed or Deed Poll is required.
Posted in


text:
Significant loss of marine life on renowned conservation site
The National Marine Aquarium has confirmed that the Scylla Reef - an artificial reef close to Whitsand Bay, Cornwall - has suffered significant damage and loss of marine life.
What could be an illegal fishing net was found caught on the reef by a team of professional divers yesterday (12 January), who began the process of removing the net and helping to free a number of marine animals which remained tangled.
However, marine experts' worst fears were confirmed when various species, including numerous crabs and fish were found trapped in the net, alongside a cormorant which had perished after becoming stuck.
It is thought that the 100m fishing net may have been illegally set close to the reef by unlicensed fishermen, before drifting onto the renowned conservation site, destroying a large section of the reef.
Home to more than 250 species of marine life - many of which have not been found on other dive sights around the UK - the reef had recently been nominated as a marine protected area.
Dead Cormorant (Photo by Rich Stevenson at Diving and Marine Solutions)
The Plymouth-based National Marine Aquarium, which has been involved with managing the reef since it was first sunk in 2004, is concerned that some of these uncommon species have now been destroyed, and may take many years to return.
Dr David Gibson, Managing Director at the National Marine Aquarium, said: "We are horrified by the extent of the damage which has been caused on the reef, and by the lack of care and attention as a result of irresponsible fishing practices.
"It has taken eight years to establish such a diverse community of marine life on the reef, something that is likely to take just as long - if not longer - to recover and return."
The National Marine Aquarium has advised against any dives over the reef, until further information is available.
Keep up with all the latest diving news and reviews by following Sport Diver on Facebook.


text:
A global community of nature enthusiasts
photographing and learning about wildlife
Marmota caligata cascandensis
Found this one basking on a rock, which gave me an opportunity for some close ups. Basking is common for them in the morning and as the day warms up they will move to their den or go foraging. Pic 4 shows some of the rocky terrain they live in. Pic 5 shows another one checking for scents in the air. They also communicate using scent, both by defecation, and by marking rocks or plants using scent glands on their cheeks.
Spotted along the Skyline trail above Paradise at Mount Rainier around 7500 ft.


1
In scheme when defined
(define f (lambda (a b c d) d))
(define l (list 'a 'b 'c 'd))
Why it does not do argument destructuring? I mean arguments should evaluate first, why destructuring is not part of that?
(f . l)
What are reasons that this expression is not equal with following?
(apply f l)
 - Edited to make it clearer, according suggestions in comments
 - 3
 Are you asking why scheme doesn't do argument destructuring, or why it doesn't allow the syntax which looks like a dotted pair to apply functions? – Alan Shutko Sep 3 '14 at 18:01
 - Why it does not do argument destructuring? I mean arguments should evaluate first, why destructuring is not part of that? Sorry for ambiguity. – stralep Sep 3 '14 at 18:10
 - 1
 You should edit the question to make it more clear rather than reply to the comment – Daenyth Sep 3 '14 at 19:12
5
The main reason is, (f . l) can only work if l is an identifier (or some other atomic literal), and not if it's a more complicated expression. Consider a function for calculating the sum-of-squares:
(define (sum-of-squares . nums)
 (apply + (map square nums)))
Here, you cannot rewrite the (apply + (map square nums)) into (+ . (map square nums)), because that is equivalent (at read-time, way before evaluation happens) to (+ map square nums). And map, square, and nums are not numbers. ;-)
Therefore, implementations have to supply an apply procedure. And once you do, there's no real point to supporting a dotted procedure-application expression that only works some of the time, when apply works correctly all the time.
(Many thanks to Brian Mastenbrook for explaining this to me years ago, back when I had a similar question myself.)
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text:
Three of the members of the Smithereens met in Carteret High School.
- The city of Rahway was originally known as Spanktown. According to legend, the name was derived from one of the prominent settlers being known for publicly chastising his wife.
- The Battle of Spanktown took place on February 23, 1777, when American forces under General Maxwell fought and defeated a British brigade. The American casualties were reported as 3 dead and 12 wounded, compared to 500 British dead.
- A mint in Rahway was the first in the country to print coins bearing the inscription E. Pluribus Unum.
LATEST SUGGESTIONS FOR EXIT 12
IMAGE GALLERY PHOTOS FOR EXIT 12
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can be run against any database registered in the recovery catalog, if the RMAN client is connected to the recovery catalog and a target database.
Note that to work with stored scripts, even global ones, you must be connected to both a recovery catalog and a target instance.
Creating Stored Scripts: CREATE SCRIPT
Make sure RMAN is connected to the right target database and the recovery catalog. Then run the CREATE SCRIPT command, as shown in this example:
CREATE SCRIPT full_backup
{
 BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;
 DELETE OBSOLETE;
}
Examine the output. If no errors are displayed, then the script was successfully created and stored in the recovery catalog.
For a global script, the syntax is similar:
CREATE GLOBAL SCRIPT global_full_backup
{
 BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;
 DELETE OBSOLETE;
}
You can also provide a COMMENT with descriptive information:
CREATE GLOBAL SCRIPT global_full_backup
COMMENT 'use only with ARCHIVELOG mode databases'
{
 BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;
 DELETE OBSOLETE;
}
Finally, you can create a local or global script, reading its contents from a text file:
CREATE SCRIPT full_backup FROM FILE 'my_script_file.txt';
The file must begin with a { character, contain a series of commands valid within a RUN block, and end with a } character. Otherwise, a syntax error is signalled, just as if the commands were entered at the keyboard.
Running Stored Scripts: EXECUTE SCRIPT
To run a stored script, connect to the target database and recovery catalog, and use EXECUTE SCRIPT. EXECUTE SCRIPT requires a RUN block, as shown:
RUN { EXECUTE SCRIPT full_backup; }
This command invokes a local script if one is with the name specified. If no local script is found, but there is a global script with the name specified, RMAN will execute the global script. You can also use EXECUTE GLOBAL SCRIPT to control which script is invoked if a local and a global script have the same name. Assuming there is no local script called global_full_backup, the following two commands have the same effect:
RUN { EXECUTE GLOBAL SCRIPT global_full_backup; }
RUN { EXECUTE SCRIPT global_full_backup; }
Executing a global script only affects the connected target database; to run a global script across multiple databases, you must connect the RMAN client to each one separately and execute the script.
Your script will use the automatic channels configured at the time you execute the script. Use ALLOCATE CHANNEL commands in the script if you need to override the configured channels. Note that, because of the RUN block, if an RMAN command in the script fails, subsequent RMAN commands in the script will not execute.
See Also:
Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Reference for EXECUTE SCRIPT command syntax
Displaying a Stored Script: PRINT SCRIPT
The PRINT SCRIPT command displays a stored script or writes it out to a file. With RMAN connected to the target database and recovery catalog, use the PRINT SCRIPT command as shown here:
PRINT SCRIPT full_backup;
To send the contents of a script to a file, use this form of the command:
PRINT SCRIPT full_backup TO FILE 'my_script_file.txt';
For global scripts, the analogous syntax would be:
PRINT GLOBAL SCRIPT global_full_backup;
and
PRINT GLOBAL SCRIPT global_full_backup TO FILE 'my_script_file.txt';
See Also:
Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Reference for PRINT SCRIPT command syntax
Listing Stored Scripts: LIST SCRIPT NAMES
Use the LIST SCRIPT NAMES command to display the names of scripts defined in the recovery catalog. This command displays the names of all stored scripts, both global and local, that can be executed for the currently connected target database:
LIST SCRIPT NAMES;
If RMAN is not connected to a target database when the LIST SCRIPT NAMES command is run, then RMAN will respond with an error.
To view only global script names, use this form of the command:
LIST GLOBAL SCRIPT NAMES;
To view the names of all scripts stored in the current recovery catalog, including global scripts and local scripts for all target databases registered in the recovery catalog, use this form of the command:
LIST ALL SCRIPT NAMES;
The output will indicate for each script listed which target database the script is defined for (or whether a script is global).
Note:
LIST GLOBAL SCRIPT NAMES and LIST ALL SCRIPT NAMES are the only commands that work when RMAN is connected to a recovery catalog without connecting to a target instance.
See Also:
Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Reference for LIST SCRIPT NAMES command syntax and output format.
Updating Stored Scripts: REPLACE SCRIPT
To update stored scripts, connect to the target database and recovery catalog and use the REPLACE SCRIPT command. If the script does not already exist, then RMAN creates it.
This command updates stored script full_backup with new contents:
REPLACE SCRIPT full_backup
{
 BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;
}
Global scripts can be updated using the REPLACE GLOBAL SCRIPT command when connected to a recovery catalog, as follows:
REPLACE GLOBAL SCRIPT global_full_backup
COMMENT 'A script for full backup to be used with any database'
{
 BACKUP AS BACKUPSET DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;
}
As with CREATE SCRIPT, you can update a local or global stored script from a text file, with this form of the command:
REPLACE GLOBAL SCRIPT global_full_backup FROM FILE 'my_script_file.txt';
See Also:
Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Reference for REPLACE SCRIPT command syntax
Deleting Stored Scripts: DELETE SCRIPT
To delete a stored script from the recovery catalog, connect to the catalog and a target database, and use the DELETE SCRIPT command:
DELETE SCRIPT 'full_backup';
To delete a global stored script, use DELETE GLOBAL SCRIPT:
DELETE GLOBAL SCRIPT 'global_full_backup';
If you use DELETE SCRIPT without GLOBAL, and there is no stored script for the target database with the specified name, RMAN will look for a global stored script by the specified name and delete the global script if it exists. So, if you were to enter the command
DELETE SCRIPT 'global_full_backup';
RMAN would look for a script 'global_full_backup' defined for the connected target database, and if it did not find one, it would search the global scripts for a script called 'global_full_backup' and delete that script.
See Also:
Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Reference for DELETE SCRIPT command syntax
Starting the RMAN Client and Running a Stored Script
To run the RMAN client and start a stored script in the recovery catalog on startup, use the SCRIPT argument when starting the RMAN client.
% rman TARGET SYS/oracle@trgt CATALOG rman/cat@catdb SCRIPT 'full_backup';
You must connect to a recovery catalog (which contains the stored script) and target database (to which the script will apply) when starting the RMAN client.
See Also:
Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Reference for full RMAN client command line syntax
Restrictions on Stored Script Names
There are some issues to be aware of about how RMAN resolves script names, especially when a local and global script share the same name.
 - RMAN permits but generally does not require that you use quotes around the name of a stored script. However, if the name begins with a digit or if the name is an RMAN reserved word, you will have to put quotes around the name to use it as a stored script name. Consider avoiding stored script names that begin with characters other than A-Z or that are the same as RMAN reserved words.
 See Also:
 Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Reference
 - When starting the RMAN client with a SCRIPT argument on the command line, if local and global scripts are defined with the same name, then RMAN will always execute the local script.
 - For the EXECUTE SCRIPT, DELETE SCRIPT and PRINT SCRIPT commands, if the script name passed as an argument is not the name of a script defined for the connected target instance, RMAN will look for a global script by the same name to execute, delete or print. For example, if the a stored script global_full_backup is in the recovery catalog as a global script, but no local stored script global_full_backup is defined for the target database, the following command will delete the global script:
 DELETE SCRIPT global_full_backup;

Consider using some naming convention to avoid mistakes due to confusion between global stored scripts and local stored scripts.
See Also:
Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Reference for the list of RMAN reserved words.
Backing Up and Recovering the Recovery Catalog
Include the recovery catalog database in your backup and recovery strategy. If you do not back up the recovery catalog and a disk failure occurs that destroys the recovery catalog database, then you may lose the metadata in the catalog. Without the recovery catalog contents, recovery of your other databases is likely to be more difficult.
Backing Up the Recovery Catalog
Here are some general guidelines you should follow when developing a strategy for backing up the recovery catalog.
Back Up the Recovery Catalog Often
The recovery catalog database is a database like any other, and is also a key part of your backup and recovery strategy. Protect the recovery catalog as you would protect any other part of your database, by backing it up. The backup strategy for your recovery catalog database should be part of your overall backup and recovery strategy.
Back up the recovery catalog with the same frequency that you back up the target database. For example, if you make a weekly whole database backup of the target database, then back up the recovery catalog immediately after all target database backups, in order to protect the record of the whole database backup. This backup can help you in a disaster recovery scenario. Even if you have to restore the recovery catalog database using a control file autobackup, you can then use the full record of backups in your restored recovery catalog


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NASA Sniffs Out Western Snowpack
sierra snowpack
A 3D color composite image of California's Mt. Lyell from NASA's Airborne Snow Observatory depicting snow depth. (Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech)
Every winter, water managers in the West plunge metal tubes into high mountain snow, tracking its depth in order to predict how much water thirsty residents, farmers and power companies will get after the spring thaw.
The sampling system leaves large room for error, scientists admit. So, this year, in California and Colorado, the snowpack tests went high-tech. NASA gauged the snowpack with a plane-mounted device, called the Airborne Snow Observatory, which created detailed maps of snow depth and predicted melt.
The observatory relies on lidar, a scanning laser tool, to measure the snow's surface. Researchers then compare the data with previously measured topography of bare rock, in order to get the snow's depth. A spectrometer senses albedo, the amount of sunlight the snow reflects, to figure out how fast it will melt.
"The Airborne Snow Observatory is providing California water managers the first near-real-time, comprehensive determination of basinwide snow water equivalent," Frank Gehrke, mission co-investigator and chief of the California Cooperative Snow Surveys Program for the California Department of Water Resources, said in a NASA statement. "Integrated into models, these data will enhance the state's reservoir operations, permitting more efficient flood control, water-supply management and hydroelectric power generation."
This was the first year of a three-year demonstration mission for the device, which is mounted on a Twin Otter aircraft. This year, the plane flew weekly over California's Tuolumne River Basin watershed, which provides the primary water supply for San Francisco. In Colorado, scientists surveyed the Upper Colorado River watershed, which provides water for much of the western United States and parts of Mexico.


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Enhancing infrared extinction and absorption in a monolayer graphene sheet by harvesting the electric dipolar mode of split ring resonators
Optical extinction and absorption enhancement in the infrared range of a monolayer graphene sheet by patterning split ring resonators (SRRs) is studied. It is found that the electric mode is stronger in enhancing infrared extinction and absorption compared to the magnetic mode and other higher-order modes. We improve the infrared extinction of the SRR graphene sheet by increasing the graphene area ratio in the SRR unit cell design. With the increase of the graphene area ratio, the radiation ability of the electric dipolar mode and dissipation of graphene compete for a maximum infrared absorption of about 50%. The findings on enhancing infrared extinction and absorption of graphene sheet by harvesting the electric dipolar mode may have potential applications in terahertz and infrared detection and modulation for graphene photonics and optoelectronics.


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The Secret On MAO Explained In Three Basic Steps
Congenitally hypomyelinated shiverer mice fail to create compact myelin and die by 18-21 MAO weeks of age. Applying multifocal anterior and posterior fossa delivery of sorted fetal human glial progenitor cells into neonatal shiverer x rag2(-/-) mice, we accomplished complete neuraxis myelination with the engrafted hosts, which within a important fraction of circumstances rescued this otherwise ABT-199 mechanism lethal phenotype. The transplanted mice exhibited enormously prolonged survival with progressive resolution of their neurological deficits. Significant myelination in multiple regions was accompanied through the acquisition of standard nodes of Ranvier and transcallosal conduction velocities, ultrastructurally ordinary and comprehensive myelination of most axons, plus a restoration of the substantially usual neurological phenotype. Notably, the resultant mice have been cerebral chimeras, with murine gray matter but a predominantly human white matter glial composition. These data demonstrate the neonatal transplantation of human glial progenitor cells can effectively treat ailments of congenital and perinatal hypomyelination.


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River crest expected at 18.6 feet, which is 3.6 feet above flood stage
The Mississippi River at Hastings is expected to reach flood stage Friday, March 19, and continue rising through the middle of next week.
In its latest flood warning update, as of March 16, the National Weather Service in Chanhassen is forecasting the river will reach flood stage of 15 feet by Friday. As of 10 a.m., Tuesday, March 16, the river was at 12.6 feet, an increase of more than two feet since Monday morning.
If the river reaches flood stage, the First Street railroad underpass begins to flood. That's it.
But in an effort to stay up to date, the city of Hastings will monitor the river levels and consider appropriate actions, Hastings Public Works Director Tom Montgomery told the Hastings City Council.
The National Weather Service predicts the river will continue to rise to a crest between 18 feet and 19 feet. Additional increases in the water level are possible after next week.
At the flood stage of 17 feet, water will be over the rip rap at Levee Park; at 18 feet, water is over the rip rap at Jaycee Park and may start to impact the basements of some of the homes on East First Street.
The Public Works, Parks, Police and Fire departments will coordinate efforts and close roads, trails and parks as appropriate. No city structures are expected to be impacted by flooding except for some structures in Lake Rebecca Park.
In the two most recent floods, 2001 and 1997, the city helped some homeowners on East First Street by providing empty sand bags and sand. Several employees and skid loaders moved pallets of filled sand bags to areas around the homes where they were needed.
Volunteers filled the bags and placed them. No city employees were used to fill bags.
If the flood stage reaches 16.5 feet and the forecast at the time is predicting levels to exceed 18 feet, then the city would use $10,000 from the critical incident equipment revolving funds to buy sand bags and other materials necessary to protect the homes.
The Mississippi River reached its highest level during the 1965 flood - 25.9 feet. Four years later, it reached 24.3 feet.
In 2001, the river actually had two crests, one at 21.6 feet April 17, and one at 22 feet April 29.


home Home » General Study » Computer Short Keys Objective Questions
Computer Short KeysPage 1
1.
To move to the bottom of a WORD document the following key should be used?
(a)CTRL + End
(b)End
(c)Shift + End
(d)Alt + End
Comment
Answer is: A
2.
Which key is used to start a slide show in power point ?
(a)F1
(b)F5
(c)F7
(d)F3
Comment
Answer is: B
3.
Which short key is used to justify a document ?
(a)CTRL + L
(b)CTRL + J
(c)CTRL + K
(d)CTRL + D
Comment
Answer is: B
4.
Which key is used for Create a non breaking space
(a)Ctrl + Shift + Alt
(b)Ctrl + Shift + Caps Lock
(c)Ctrl + Shift + Spacebar
(d)None of this
Comment
Answer is: C
Comments
More relevant questions needed
Nisha ravi On 11.06.2017. 17:18
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Module Bracket Erase
Module BracketErase
Program version BASIC 2D PRO 3D PRO LAB OMS
Availablility n/a n/a optional optional optional
The module Bracket Erase can be used to remove brackets and bands in a model scan. By removing these parts from the scan, you can create finishing aligners, splints or retainers, before the brackets are actually removed from the patient.
Ideally, a segmented scan of the patient from before the bracket treatment is used to replace the removed bracket geometry with the exact surface of the actual teeth of the patient.
First Steps
 1. Segment both the current scan with brackets as well as the initial malocclusion scan
 2. Open Bracket Erase module with the current scan
 3. Load the malocclusion scan as a reference scan
 4. Use automatic or manual bracket selection to define the geometry that should be replaced
 5. Select the option "Replace whole tooth" to remove bands
 6. Select the option "Show Refence" to see the fitting of the reference surface
Module user interface
en/bracketerase.txt · Last modified: 2021/04/29 10:42 by onyxadmin


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Background. Thoracic aortic aneurysm after patch repair of aortic coarctation is a potentially lethal complication. We hypothesized that transverse arch hypoplasia in association with patch repair of aortic coarctation predisposes aneurysm formation. Methods. A retrospective analysis was performed on all patients undergoing isolated aortic coarctation repair at the University of Virginia Health Systems between 1970 and 1995. Of 244 repairs, 38 patients underwent patch repair. These 38 patients were divided into two groups. The aneurysm group (n = 15) had aortic aneurysms develop at the repair site, which required aneurysmectomy. The nonaneurysm group (n = 23) did not have any aneurysms develop. Univariate analysis and Fisher's exact text were used to identify factors that independently predict aneurysm formation. Results. Univariate analysis demonstrated aortic arch hypoplasia associated with patch repair independently predicts future aneurysm formation (p < 0.01). Patients who had an aneurysm develop also had a similar incidence of bicuspid aortic valves, mild restenosis, and late hypertension compared with patients in the nonaneurysm group. Conclusions. Aneurysm formation after patch repair of aortic coarctation develops into a subgroup of patients. Aortic arch hypoplasia associated with coarctation independently predicts future aneurysm formation.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine


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Discover the easiest ways to generate keywords in bulk using Excel. These formulas are the basis of so much work, and keyword generation really will just give you a top-level understanding of the formula's use.
Concatenate – Join as many cells together as needed
=CONCATENATE(*First CELL to join*,*Second CELL to Join*)
Concatenation is a method that many people are using, and its just adding one cell to another. This can be useful to start things off, but there ampersand (&) does this too, a lot cleaner with a lot more flexibility.
So use this if you're used to it, but I'd recommend switching to using the below ampersand (&) method.
& – The better way of joining items together
=*CELL to Join*&*CELL to Join*&"Some text to join on the end"
My preferred method, you literally just put an '&' between each cell you want to work with.
So =A2&" "&B2 will output A2, a space, and B2. Nothing really complex about it, giving you full freedom.
Substitute – Swap text in a cell, for other text
=SUBSTITUTE(*CELL for text swap / the template*,*Old text for replacing*,*New text to replace with*)
Giving a little more customizability through template elements, the substitution formula lets you bulk substitute out specific dynamic elements into a keyword template.
So you could have a list of categories, products, locations, or really anything else, and just swap them out in a keyword template.
You can create keywords following a specific rule, and this tends to generate less keywords overall, with a higher percent of them having volume as you know the formats to follow.
Merging keywords with MergeWords
Mergewords offers a simple version of the formulas above, allowing you to just paste in the different parts of the keywords and output the merged keywords.
You can use merge words by visiting here and then just pasting each portion of the keyword in their respective box.
The big downside here is that you don't have control about what version gets merged with what, like you do in the templated formula.
However, this offers a good method of merging many different keywords together, fast, and in extreme bulk.


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Metropolitan Water District (MWD) of Southern California
March 1996 - September 1999
To meet the demands of a growing population and satisfy drought and emergency needs, the Metropolitan Water District (MWD) of Southern California commissioned the $2 billion Eastside Reservoir project, also known as Diamond Valley Lake. A Zachry joint venture signed a $438 million contract to build one of three planned dams along with associated infrastructure, including an inlet/outlet tower as well as a pressure tunnel.
In the largest earth-moving project in the U.S. at the time, the joint venture excavated 5.5 million cubic yards of earth for the inlet/outlet approach channel, more than 6 million cubic yards of earth for the dam foundation and 70 million cubic yards of rock for the dam embankment. The 270-foot inlet/outlet tower and its access bridge required 95,000 cubic yards of concrete and nine million pounds of reinforcing steel.
Zachry constructed a horseshoe-shaped pressure (P-1) tunnel to connect the inlet/outlet tower to a pumping station located near the downstream face of the West Dam. The P-1 tunnel measures 2,300 feet long and 24 feet in diameter and was opened by drill-and-shoot excavation requiring 20,000 cubic yards of concrete behind a steel lining.
Work on the tunnel also required the installation of the same length of 16-foot steel pipe, complete with concrete backfill, pressure grout and epoxy liner.
The project's overall mechanical work included a spillway, valves and 40,000 feet of miscellaneous piping, while the electrical scope incorporated multiple raceways and instrumentation and communications ducts. The completed Eastside Reservoir Dam stands 300 feet high and 1.7 miles long.
The new Diamond Valley Lake project doubled Southern California's surface water storage capacity to more than 800,000 acre-feet, giving the MWD access to a six-month emergency water supply for use during droughts or peak water usage periods.


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Moss has gained a reputation as one of the best natural art mediums, a living swath of vivid green with an irresistible texture that can be coaxed into various shapes and patterns. While most moss art involves either gluing sheets of preserved moss to a surface or painting on a mixture of live moss that will adhere to the surface and grow, this method – illustrated here by Stefaan de Croock – takes the opposite approach.
Rather than adding something – like spray paint - to a surface in order to create a design, subtractive graffiti strips something away. That 'something' might be dirt on a sidewalk, or soot on a wall. In this case, it's moss.
Using a pressure washer, de Croock (a.k.a. Strook) carefully removed moss growing on a wall in Leuven, Belgium. As the moss was stripped away, urban scenes full of giant robots were revealed. The mural was created outside the STUK art center, and likely grew back over within a few weeks.
Want More? Click for Great Related Content on WebUrbanist:
[ By Steph in Architecture & Art & Street Art & Graffiti. ]
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There are going to be two relays the ECM relay is what sends power to the coils in the pump relay. When you first turn the key on can you hear the relays latch in (click)?
Also you need to do a voltage check at the relays if you have voltage coming out of the relays check for it at the inertia switch then at the tank selector switch then at the pumps to see where you are loosing it at. Or you can start at the pumps and work you way back to the pump fuse checking for voltage.
Just remember you should only have power to the pumps for a couple of seconds when the key is first turned on. But you can put a jumper wire to ground on the data test plug to put constant power to the pumps to do the voltage checks


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Oct. 19, 2009 A new computerised approach to airport operations is being developed that will reduce delays, speed up baggage handling and decrease pollution.
The project is funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) and led by researchers at The University of Nottingham.
The research work aims to computerise and co-ordinate four key areas of airport operations: scheduling of aeroplanes taking-off and landing, gate assignment and baggage handling. The end result will be a prototype search engine capable of analysing the many billions of possible scheduling combinations so as to provide the best advice to the controllers, who decide where in the airport to send planes.
Currently these four aspects of airport operations are, in most cases, organised manually by highly skilled staff making decisions based on observations, reports and their experience. Furthermore, each activity is run in isolation from the others, which allows the potential for any difficulties in operations in one area to affect another. This can lead to delays snowballing.
As well as enhancing the experience for passengers, crucially, the improvements in scheduling will reduce pollution by minimising the time planes are on the ground with engines running. This could save thousands of litres of aviation fuel every year, a vital improvement given the growth in air travel predicted in the coming years.
A consortium of researchers from four universities are involved in the project, assisted by Manchester and Zurich Airports which will provide crucial advice and expertise from the user's point of view.
The project will see development of computational models for each of the four airport operations which, ultimately, will be run on regular PCs. Key to the research will be examining how to run them all together to streamline overall operations.
Principal investigator on the project and Dean of the Faculty of Science at The University of Nottingham, Professor Edmund Burke, says the limitations of the current systems are widely acknowledged: "Many people in the industry recognise that automating just one of these aspects could improve the efficient running of airport operations, so integrating all four would be a huge step forward."
"We'll be developing a computer system that will work its way through the many billions of permutations created daily in each of these operations, to provide a much higher level of computer-aided decision support than is currently available," says Burke. This will provide the best possible advice to runway controllers and other airport staff to inform their decisions regarding where planes and baggage are moved to.
Among the crucial issues being tackled is the matter of how long an aeroplane needs for preparation on the ground before take off. This has to include enough time for the passenger safety briefing, which is a legal requirement, and for the engines to warm up. If sent to the runway without incorporating enough time for these activities, it will mean a delay at the runway before take off. This can lead to unnecessary congestion on the runway, aircraft unnecessarily using up fuel while waiting for take off, and, potentially, delays to other flights.
Burke adds that the involvement of the two airports will also provide invaluable assistance to the multi-disciplinary team of scientists and engineers: "Working closely with Manchester and Zurich airports will ensure access to real world expertise that should help us achieve the best possible result."
The academic team in the consortium consists of representatives from: The University of Nottingham, University of Salford, Loughborough University and University of Liverpool.
The four-year research project "Integrating and Automating Airport Operations" will begin on 1 December 2009 and is scheduled to end on 30 November 2013. It has received EPSRC funding of £681,924.
Research by the Georgia Institute of Technology in 2006 found that a 1% increase in air transport leads to a 5% increase in delays. With a 26% rise in air transport expected by 2013, compared to 2006, (according to the European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation) this project could help airports change the way they operate.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council.
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Voice of America (VOA), radio broadcasting network of the U.S. government, a unit of the United States Information Agency (USIA). Its first broadcast, in German, took place on February 24, 1942, and was intended to counter Nazi propaganda among the German people. By the time World War II ended, the VOA was broadcasting 3,200 programs in 40 languages every week. It became part of the USIA when that agency was established in 1953.
The VOA's function is to promote understanding of the United States and to spread American values. During the Cold War it concentrated its message on the communist countries of eastern and central Europe. Its daily broadcasts include news reports, stories and discussions on American political and cultural events, and editorials setting forth U.S. government policy. The VOA produces and broadcasts radio programs in English and foreign languages and operates broadcasting and relay stations to transmit them.


text:
By DUANE NOLLEN
Researchers at the mammoth dig site in rural Mahaska County discovered a mammoth tusk Sunday morning that was at least 4 feet long.
"It's a huge tusk," said Dr. Jim North of William Penn University.
"We found it today," said Dave Brenzel of the Indian Creek Nature Center. "It's a male."
Sarah Horgen of the University of Iowa Natural History Museum is coordinating the research effort at the dig site. So far, fossils of two mammoths have been found there. Sunday morning, a research team from Iowa State University as well as an Oskaloosa Elementary School teacher were among the group of 20 volunteers working at the site.
The group was working in the eastern portion of the dig site that was excavated Friday when they discovered the tusk. Musco Lighting officials arranged for a work crew from Exodus Landscaping to bring an excavator and a bulldozer to the location to enlarge the dig site.
Brenzel said the walls of the dig site were starting to cave in because of the water level. So, the enlarged site will allow for more volunteers to search for fossils of mammoths. The excavation crew also brought in a larger water pump to drain the dig site.
"It was moving a lot of muck," Brenzel said.
North was overseeing a group of volunteers sifting through dirt to find more fossils.
The tusk researchers found Sunday morning was fragmented. Since the water table has dropped in the area, the tusk had been out of the water and has dried out.
"It's been exposed for a while," North said. "It's going to start fragmenting."
North and the volunteers found small fragments of ivory and dentin from the interior of a tusk.
"It's tedious and exciting," North said of sifting through buckets full of earth to find the tusk fragments.
Scientists also received the results of a radiocarbon date test on a log recently discovered at the site. Brenzel said the log dates back to 14,000 B.C.
"It's contemporaneous with these mammoths," he said.


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For an introduction to graphical plotting with WXP, we'll take you through the surface plotting program, step by step viewing options and tailoring parameters.
The surface plotting program is "sfcwx". If you run this program by itself, you will get 4 prompts: filename, region, variable and device. So in order to run this without any prompts, you need to specify all 4 resources:
% sfcwx -cu=la -re=at -va=all -de=d
This will specify to plot the latest surface data file, for the Atlantic region, plotting all data (station model plot) on the display.
So how does this plot come to be.
For further information about WXP, email _EMAIL_
Last updated by Dan Vietor on June 20, 2001


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It's about one-fifteenth the number of McDonald's Locations in the World.
In other words, the count of McDonald's Locations in the World is 14 times 2,500.(2015 figures) (approximate)
Operating in 119 countries, there are currently 36,000 McDonald's locations worldwide. From 1955 thru 1993, many McDonald's locations advertised the number in billions of hamburgers sold on their external signs, but abandoned theses updates after the figure passed 100 billion.
It's about one-fifteenth the number of Seats in Fenway Park.
In other words, 2,500 is 0.067438 times the count of Seats in Fenway Park, and the count of Seats in Fenway Park is 14.828 times that amount.(2013 figures; daytime capacity) (a.k.a. The Cathedral of Boston) (Boston, Massachusetts)
Fenway Park, the home of the Boston Red Sox baseball team, can accommodate 37,071 spectators when configured for daytime seating. Fenway Park holds the record for most consecutive sellout games, with a streak of 794 sellouts that ended in 2013. This figure is a dramatic turnaround from the attendance in 1965, which was at times as low as just 500 people.
It's about seventeen times the number of Moons in our Solar System.
In other words, 2,500 is 17.1 times the count of Moons in our Solar System, and the count of Moons in our Solar System is 0.0585 times that amount.(2015 figures) (confirmed moons only; dwarf planet satellites not included)
Astronomers and other scientists have confirmed the presence of 146 moons orbiting the major planets of our Solar System. About one third of those moons — 53 — are in orbit around the planet Saturn
It's about eighteen-and-a-half times the number of Union Stations in the United States.
In other words, the count of Union Stations in the United States is 0.0541 times 2,500.(a.k.a. Union Terminal; a.k.a. Joint Station; a.k.a. Union Depot) (2016 figures)
Typically shared between multiple railroad companies and stations, there are about 135 "Union Stations" in the United States. Of these, the busiest station is Chicago Union Station, which handles 120,000 passengers each year.
It's about one-twentieth the number of Seats in The Colosseum.
In other words, the count of Seats in The Colosseum is 20 times 2,500.(a.k.a. The Coliseum, a.k.a. Flavian Amphitheatre, a.k.a. Amphitheatrum Flavium, a.k.a. Anfiteatro Flavio or Colosseo) (Rome) (estimated)
Built between 70 and 80 AD, The Colosseum was a central attraction of Rome, capable of seating 50,000 spectators for various events including plays, war reenactments, and gladiatorial matches. The structure was estimated to require 100,000 cu. m of stone to construct. It remains the largest amphitheater in the world.
It's about one-twentieth the number of Seats in New Yankee Stadium.
In other words, 2,500 is 0.049715 times the count of Seats in New Yankee Stadium, and the count of Seats in New Yankee Stadium is 20.115 times that amount.(2014 figures for 2009 Stadium; seating figures only) (a.k.a. Yankee Stadium, a.k.a. The Stadium, a.k.a. The House that George Built) (South Bronx, New York City, New York)
New Yankee Stadium has a seating capacity of 50,287. The Stadium was built between 2006 and 2009 out of 11,000 pieces of Indiana limestone.
It's about twenty times the number of Elements on the Periodic Table.
In other words, 2,500 is 21.2 times the count of Elements on the Periodic Table, and the count of Elements on the Periodic Table is 0.0472 times that amount.(a.k.a. Periodic Table of the Elements, a.k.a chemical elements) (confirmed elements as of 2016)
From element number one, hydrogen, to element one-hundred eighteen, ununoctium, there are 118 confirmed elements on the Periodic Table. Ninety-four of the elements exist in nature, and the remaining twenty-four have only been synthesized in labs (not having occurred naturally in the time since scientists have begun researching them)


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Speech Communication BA / BS Degree
The University of Texas at Tyler offers a diverse selection of courses toward the bachelor of arts/bachelor of science degree with a major in speech communication. The speech communication minor also is offered.
In UT Tyler speech communication courses, you will gain knowledge and skills in:
- Public Speaking
- Interpersonal Communication
- Small Group Communication
- Communication Theory
- Rhetorical Theory and Criticism
Speech communication as practiced in all areas of the program is a humanistic field which calls for dynamic personal involvement of study and practice.
Students focus on communication through spoken language and nonverbal messages, creating and testing their ideas, developing individual abilities and gaining confidence and competence in varying communication settings. The skills acquired are applicable to almost every aspect of your private and professional life.
UT Tyler speech communication majors may choose a concentration in public advocacy, organizational communication or general speech communication.