What Makes Bengal Cats So Special?
What Makes Bengal Cats So Special?
You might see a cat with special stripes fur on the Internet and wondered what kind of cats they are, is that their original fur color? It's the Bengal cat, a "little leopard", which is interested in by a lot of cat lovers today because of its unique ( and cuteness, too).
Now, let's see what makes Bengal cats so special:
1. They love water
It sounds weird, right? Cats are always scared water, they hate their fur getting wet, you can see this when taking a bath for them. Yes, but Bengal is an exception.
Bengal cats are extremely fond of water. It's not uncommon to see a Bengal cat swimming in a pool with his family, or taking a refreshing dip in the bath. The reason why Bengal cats have this strange habit is that their ancestors were underwater hunters.
If with other cats, anything with water is dangerous and should be avoided. Well, opposite to others, everything with water is the best play area for Bengal cats. Do you intend to keep an aquarium when you have a Bengal cat? Please protect the aquarium carefully, so that your cat does not touch the water. If not, your fish will probably not be intact.
Playing with water is like a hobby, an endless passion for Bengal cats. That hobby also blends into their drinking habit. Other normal cats will drink water by tapping the tongue and mouth directly. What about Bengal? They will dip a hand in the bowl of water, soak it wet and then put it up to the mouth, and lick.
2. Wild-appearing but a gentle-tempered domestic cat.
Bengal cats are not domesticated. They were originally bred for that purpose. Bengal cats always have half of their wild instinct, what they succeed from their ancestors – the Asian spotted cat.
The breeders always wanted the Bengal cat to have the most beautiful wild appearance in its coat. That is why the Bengal cat has not been domesticated as a domestic cat forever.
Bengal cats love hunting, running, climbing all day. Therefore, make sure that around your little Bengal cat is always full of appropriate toys. Otherwise, sofa, cushions, or anything will become their toys.
A little naughty hunter
Yes, the Bengal cats always have a hunting instinct when they were born. Be sure you can teach them properly. If not? It is highly recommended that you choose another calmer cat.
Because the instinct to tear the prey is always flowing in the blood of the Bengal cat. Therefore, do not be surprised to see that a small Bengal cat can tear up everything in your home. You need to teach and provide enough toys for this cat. If not, you will spend quite a bit of money to buy new things with these devils.
They have the personality of a dog
Exactly! In addition to enjoying bathing, wading, or playing all day, Bengal cats love to walk. Owning a Bengal cat means that you are raising a cat with a puppy-like personality.
Try to ensure that your Bengal cat will be taken for a regular walk.
Resistant to leukemia virus in cats
In the genetic samples and blood of the ancestor of the Bengal cat, there is a very special type of antibody. This antibody is resistant to the virus that causes leukemia in cats. That's why breeders are eager for Bengal cats to be born. And they succeeded! Blood samples from Bengal cats have been inherited from this antibody, which helps Bengal cats fight against the leukemia virus. It also opens up opportunities for other domestic cats to suffer from this malignancy.
One of the most expensive cats
Bengal is inherently a hybrid cat, so their resistance is extremely weak. The percentage of kittens that are fully grown, without any health problems, is rare. The standard of coat color and purebred origin is also very strict. As a result, Bengal cats are even rarer now.
The price of Bengal cats falls around an average of $ 1,000. But depending on the purity, color, shape, the price of Bengal cats will range from $ 400 – $ 10,000. What an unbelievable price, isn't it?
That's all about my sharing _What makes Bengal cats so special_. When adopting Bengal cats, you need to be especially patient with them. A cat with half of the wild blood is certainly unlike the others. Vandalism, unruly will become an inherent personality of Bengal cats without proper teaching. Patience, love, pampering in the right way, Bengal cats will always love and be with you.
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Raven D'antoni
Mysterious Newcomer
Clan: Daeva
Bloodline: Player
Covenant: Carthian Movement
Virtue: Charity
Vice: Pride
Mental Attributes: Intelligence 1, Wits 3, Resolve 2
Physical Attributes: Strength 2, Dexterity 4, Stamina 1
Social Attributes: Presence 3, Manipulation 4, Composure 2
Mental Skills: Computer 1, Crafts 2 (Costume), Occult 1
Physical Skills: Drive 3 (Van), Firearms 1, Larceny 2, Stealth 2, Weaponry 3 (Katana)
Social Skills: Expression 2, Persuasion 2, Socialize 2, Subterfuge 3
Merits: Danger Sense, Fighting Finesse (Katana), Stunt Driver, Striking Looks 2
Disciplines: Obfuscate 4, Majesty 1
Devotions: I Know Kung-Fu
Health: 6
Willpower: 4
Humanity: 5
Defense: 3
Initiative: 6
Speed: 11
Blood Potency: 3
No one is sure what his deal is or where he came from, but he just got to the city recently, and he's young. Other than that, he takes himself too seriously. His 'help' on the Redford Raid was considered valuable enough as a buy in to the group blood supply. However, his attempt to mislead Melchior Hessian and his allies into respecting him resulting in his newfound willingness to cooperate.
Raven D'antoni
Blood and Oil CHarrison CHarrison


text: A review and a brief analysis of four well-known constant-life diagram models of layered composites, most often encountered in scientific publications, are presented. The main advantages and disadvantages of models are noted. A special modification of the Harris diagram was proposed as an alternative to the given diagrams for engineering predictions of fatigue characteristics of layered composites at different asymmetry coefficients R of cyclic loading. Using the example of constructing the proposed diagram for CFRP AS4-PW open-hole specimens, a good agreement between the calculated and experimental data is shown, which makes it possible to hope for acceptable accuracy of the calculated estimates of fatigue strength characteristics of layered composites using this diagram. An example of using the diagram for estimation of fatigue life of CFRP Т300/5208 [45/0/-45/90]2s open-hole specimens under quasi-random program loading is presented.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The main difference between flannel and plaid is that flannel is a type of fabric, while plaid is a type of pattern or design.
Most people confuse flannel with plaid because most flannel materials, especially flannel shirts, come with a plaid design. Therefore, most assume that these are the same, but this is not so. Flannel is a soft woven fabric, while plaid is a chequered pattern.
Key Areas Covered
1. What is Flannel
– Definition, Features
2. What is Plaid
– Definition, Features
3. Relationship Between Flannel and Plaid
– Outline of Common Features
4. Difference Between Flannel and Plaid
– Comparison of Key Differences
Fabrics, Flannel, Plaid
What is Flannel
Flannel is a soft woven fabric, usually made of wool or cotton and slightly milled and raised. It's a warm and comfortable fabric. Due to these properties, most of us use it for winter apparel. This fabric can be brushed to create extra softness or remain unbrushed.
Flannel is commonly used for bed sheets, blankets, sleepwear, and tartan clothing. As mentioned above, plaid patterns are the most common designs in flannel. However, flannel fabrics are also available in a wide range of solid colours as well as patterns.
There are several types of flannel as baby flannel, Ceylon flannel, cotton flannel, and diaper flannel. Baby flannel is used for children's wear while diaper flannel is used for making cloth diapers. Ceylon flannel is a blend of wool and cotton, whereas cotton flannel is a cotton fabric napped on one side or two sides.
What is Plaid
Plaid is actually a pattern or design that you see on fabric. It's a classic fabric staple. In a plaid design, you will note stripes with different widths crossing each other and making squares. In other words, it's a fabric with a crisscross pattern formed by vertical and horizontal bands of colours. These stripes or bands are of different colours. You can observe this design on anything and everything, from bed linen to pyjamas and shirts to wrapping paper.
Most importantly, we can notice this pattern in many fabrics like flannel, seersucker, and gingham. However, flannel is the most common fabric using plaid designs. Plaid has its origins in Scotland, with tartans and kilts. This is why we sometimes use the words plaid and tartan interchangeably. In such a case, plaid refers to a chequered pattern on a twilled cloth, typically made of wool.
Relationship Between Flannel and Plaid
- Many flannel fabrics come with a plaid pattern. This is why most people confuse flannel and plaid. It's important to remember that these are not the same.
Difference Between Flannel and Plaid
Flannel is a soft woven fabric, usually made of wool or cotton and slightly milled and raised while plaid is a pattern of squares and lines on fabric.
While flannel is a type of fabric, plaid is a type of pattern or design.
Pattern vs Fabric
Flannel may come in solid colours and various patterns while plaid pattern may be available on different types of fabrics like gingham and seersucker.
Flannel is a soft woven fabric, while plaid is a pattern of squares and lines on fabric. Therefore, the main difference between flannel and plaid is that flannel is a type of fabric, while plaid is a type of pattern or design.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
The flash provides a way to pass temporary objects between actions. Anything you place in the flash will be exposed to the very next action and then cleared out. This is a great way of doing notices and alerts, such as a create action that sets flash[:notice] = "Post successfully created" before redirecting to a display action that can then expose the flash to its template. Actually, that exposure is automatically done. Example:
class PostsController < ActionController::Base def create # save post flash[:notice] = "Post successfully created" redirect_to posts_path(_USER_) end def show # doesn't need to assign the flash notice to the template, that's done automatically end end show.html.erb <% if flash[:notice] %> <%= flash[:notice] %> <% end %>
Since the notice and alert keys are a common idiom, convenience accessors are available:
flash.alert = "You must be logged in" flash.notice = "Post successfully created"
This example just places a string in the flash, but you can put any object in there. And of course, you can put as many as you like at a time too. Just remember: They'll be gone by the time the next action has been performed.
See docs on the FlashHash class for more details about the flash.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Remove Query Strings from Static Resources in WordPress
When you test your website's performance by different tools or website like Google, GTMetrix, Pingdom, KeyCDN etc., you must have seen a status named "Remove query strings from static resources". To speed up your WordPress website's performance, you need to remove query strings from static resources. What are Query Strings? The query string refers to…


DWI Lawyers and Car Crashes
Tysons, VA DWI Lawyers
Tysons VA DWI lawyersIf you or someone you love has been injured in an accident with a driver who was driving while intoxicated in Tysons, Virginia, it may be in your best interest to discuss the situation with Tysons, VA DWI lawyers who have a track record of successfully defending the rights of DWI victims and their families.
Everyday, people get involved in car crashes, due to a number of reasons. In many of these collisions, the driver may have been intoxicated or impaired due to alcohol or another substance. When someone gets behind the wheel while not sober, they are risking harming not only themselves, but others too in the event of an accident. Here in this article, we have answered a series of questions about those who drive while intoxicated, and how you should respond if you were hit by an impaired driver.
When someone is injured in an accident involving an intoxicated driver in Tysons, it is recommended that they find out what their rights are from reputable VA DWI lawyers.
How can someone know whether they have had too much to drink?
Those who are drunk may feel they are more capable of driving than they actually are. Even one drink could cause someone to experience physical and mental function impairments including an inability to make sound judgements. Every person's body is different in how it responds to alcohol and their tolerance to it. Factors that can contribute to your blood alcohol concentration (BAC) level include:
 1. Whether you are male or female
 2. Your body weight
 3. Number of drinks consumed
 4. Amount of food in your stomach
If you know or just suspect that a driver who injured you or someone you love was intoxicated, enlisting the help of Tysons, VA DWI lawyers may help you to get compensation for expenses related to your accident.
What are the repercussions for being charged with a DWI?
The consequences for being pulled over and charged with driving while intoxicated or impaired (DWI) can include steep fines, jail time, driver's license suspension, and an increase or cancellation in car insurance premium. If a driver were to cause a tragic crash, they may also have to live with the guilt of their poor judgement. So not only may an impaired driver have to pay thousands of dollars in fines and spend time behind bars, they have added despair of knowing their actions led to tragedy.
In what scenario could someone be arrested for a DWI?
If an officer pulls over a driver that is deemed to be intoxicated or impaired due to an unknown substance, he or she can be charged with a DWI. Even if the driver's BAC level was below the legal limit of.08 percent, the officer can still make an arrest.
If someone is injured in an accident where the driver was intoxicated, it does not matter whether or not the driver was arrested and convicted for them to be liable for your injuries. If you or someone you love has been injured in an accident with an intoxicated driver, it may be in your best interest to discuss your situation with Tysons, VA DWI lawyers.
What should I do if I was hit by a driver who was impaired or intoxicated?
Those who have been hit by a driver who was not sober may want to consider meeting with an attorney about their legal options. There may be expenses that need to be paid including injury care, vehicle repairs and loss of pay from missing work. Experienced Tysons, VA DWI lawyers can consult with with you and help you decide if filing a lawsuit against the driver is the route to take. Depending on the details surrounding the accident, the victim may be entitled to receiving financial compensation.
What should I bring with me to my first consultation?
When meeting with an attorney, you should bring as much information about the accident as you can. Important details your attorney will probably want to know about include:
 - Medical bill costs
 - Out of pocket expenses
 - Charges for diagnostics and the results
 - Details of doctor evaluations
 - Ambulance ride fee
 - Driver's name and insurance company
For a free consultation and case evaluation from highly rated Tysons, VA DWI lawyers, contact Cohen & Cohen, P.C., today.
 © 2021 Cohen & Cohen | Disclaimer


text:
Hyper-tidal Aggregates capitalizes on the unique properties of EPS Geofoam and envisions this polymer as landscape construction material in coastal and estuarine environments. This proposal calls on the combination of agencies between living and artificial material – the halophilic and adaptive nature of mangroves and the buoyant, indestructible properties of Geofoam. It is a reconceptualization of plastics in the modern age that seeks to not only fortify threatened habitats, but also sow the seeds of new landmasses.
Geofoam is deployed as a lightweight, high-compressive strength material in manufacturing, engineering and construction projects. It is used in buildings, bridges and roads – each year becoming more widely applied in landscape construction. Its properties provide specific advantages on soft ground and steep slopes over that of other conventional building materials like concrete. However, Hyper-tidal Aggregates capitalizes on its buoyant force and the potential for this artificial material to create new landscapes in coastal and estuarine environments.
Rhizophora mangle thrive in tropical areas around the world. The grow unique aerial prop roots that establish above the water before sinking deep into the plant's surrounding substrate. Their viviparous seeds grow suspended in the air before dropping and have the ability to travel over tides before rooting – remaining viable for 365 days in the water. Mangrove biomes are aggregations of trees that have grown and merged together, providing marine habitat, stabilizing sediment, and performing as an invaluable carbon sink.
Natural mangrove habitats are quickly disappearing. They are threatened not only by global warming, but also fishing industries that require mangroves to be cut down. The reestablishment of mangrove environments is difficult because of sediment acquisition and deposition; however, Geofoam acts as the bridge between these demands. The biology and growth patterns of these species of trees mirrors that of the Geofoam aggregate assemblages. Geometries of polymer foam can be cut off site be carried in, assembled in parts and applied at the water's edge with mangrove propagules embedded within. Geofoam can be exposed to any range of salinity, temperature and moisture without losing its durable qualities. It behaves as soil and sand, supporting the plants as they grow and floating above the tide as the trees establish. The design of each aggregate can be site specific, molding to existing landscape conditions while providing for the juvenile mangroves. As these habitats grow more robust, the artificial landscape material is taken over by the prop roots. These environments can continue to thrive and support the water's edge as well as be moved to open water. Hyper-tidal Aggregates imagines new landscapes that seed in brackish and coastal waters, but have the potential to create new islands – hybrids of the living and artificial.


Implementation
There is not much to be said about implementing the Strategy pattern. In languages where functions are not first-class citizens, each Strategy should be implemented in a different class. Wikipedia demonstrates that at [_URL_. In Python, we can treat functions as normal variables and this simplifies the implementation of Strategy.
Assume that we are asked to implement an algorithm to check if all characters in a string are unique. For example, the algorithm should return true if we enter the string "dream" because none of the characters is repeated. If we enter the string "pizza", it should return false because the letter "z" exists two times. Note that the repeated characters do not need to be consecutive, and the string ...
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text:
Developing and educating precision farming and soil measuring practices.
Organisation: The College of Landbased studies in Tuorla
Time: 10/1/2017 – 2/29/2020
The Commitment of Livia the college of land based studies concerns precision farming, soil measurement and carbon footprint calculation. Livia aims on improving the crop's capability to utilize nutrients from mineral and recycled fertilizers by developing farming techniques, water management and by increasing soil's growth condition.
Firstly, Livia creates a plan for implementing precision farming and soil and crop measurement practices in to teaching. As a part of soil measurement activities Livia tests new measuring devices to develop their soil analyzing practices. Livia also strengthens their carbon footprint calculation and release the annual carbon footprint calculation at their website with the annual nutrient balance calculations.
In addition, Livia continues to focus on nutrient utilization in the school fields. Livia will also arrange nutrient recycling events together with BSAG.
The College of Landbased studies in Tuorla organizes education for comprehensive school and high school graduates and adult education. Educational programs include agriculture, horticulture and natural and environmental sciences. A large portion of the education comprises practical exercises carried out on the Tuorla school farm. The school farm has 150 hectares of field, 423 hectares of forest, a calver cowshed, a sow piggery and 2500 m2 of greenhouses.


text:
Running the air through a supercharger is going to make it hot and detonation-prone. The primary benefit of an intercooler is that it reduces the temperature of the boosted intake air. This helps keep detonation in check.
The extra density is an added bonus because you can squeeze in more air to make Moar Power.
Does this mean Kawasaki defied physics with this bike?
Not really. They're just using other means to ensure that the risk of detonation is mitigated.
This is the press release which explains what they've done with the H2:
design the engine with a moderate compression ratio
8.5:1 is conservative, even for a forced-induction engine.
Since auto-ignition temperature increases as pressures decrease, Kawasaki are designing the engine to be such that the auto-ignition temperatures are far away from the engine's regular operating range.
rely on the fuel for charge-cooling
Evaporative cooling isn't new. It's useful to have liquid fuel absorb some of the heat in order to turn into fuel vapor. Given the elevated temperatures expected after running the air through the supercharger, there will be plenty of heat to do the job.
- vaporized fuel which is ready for combustion, and
- cooler air-fuel charge temperatures, which helps the engine operate away from the detonation-prone region
keep the engine cool
The idea here is to keep engine temperatures down. A liquid-cooled oil-cooler and high-cooling-capacity radiator help in this regard.
What's the benefit of avoiding an intercooler here?
Kawasaki may have gone down this road for the following reasons:
- weight savings
- space savings
- cost reduction
The first two are mentioned in the press release.
The latter is implied: no intercooler → no need to design → no need to buy


Name of this class
This setting has no function, it's purpose is simply to remind you what this class is defining.
Type of users
There are two types of user, real and anonymous. Essentially, if the user logs in with the username 'anonymous', they are in the anonymous class of user and will only be members of a class with Anonymous ticked. If the user logs in with a genuine username and password, they are considered to be a'real' user.
Specific users in this class
This lets you refine a class to specific users, e.g. "bob,fred" or even wild cards, "*jones", or lists of users including the 'not' character, e.g. all users except bob "*,!bob"
IP Addresses of connecting users
Again, this refines who is a member of this class. The user's IP address must match this parameter (if the parameter is not blank). You can use lists and wild cards and the not character, e.g. "1.2.3.*". In this second example, all users in the 1.2.3 network are allowed to connect, with the exception of the user with the ip address, "1.2.3.*,!"
Directory Aliases
You can allow your FTP users to have access to multiple directories plus their home directory. Perhaps used to provide access to certain common files, or to allow one class of users access to a special set of files in a directory.
You do this by specifying an "alias directory" the user would see this as an additional directory, and if they change into that directory, they can access the files in real path associated with that alias.
 Alias Path
 / ~
 /files c:\installers
If user Bob logs in he will see the files in his home directory "/" and a directory listed as "files".
If you do provide access to other areas in the file system like this, make sure that there are appropiate files protection rules in place, either in the operating system, or configured in SurgeFTP
Define home and alias directories accessible for this class of user
This table lets you define the translation between virtual paths and real disk paths. Each path can also have it's own read/write rules. Often you will give anonymous users write access to only one directory, and read access to other areas.
When defining aliases for a real user there are two common methods. One is to define the users root as their home directory:
 Alias Path
 / ~
This limits each user to access only their own files unless you add another alias to point to some common area, etc. The normal UNIX FTP servers behavior can be emulated with a primary alias like this:
 Alias Path
 ~ ~
 / /
This is translated for a user bob to this:
 Alias Path
 /home/bob /home/bob
 / /
which lets the user move to any directory on the system (assuming they have access to those files as a user).
One last useful option, if your users all have their directories under the /home tree, is to limit ftp users to that part of the file system like this:
 Alias Path
 ~ ~
 /home /home
The result being that bob gets /home/bob as their initial path, and they can move between any directory below the /home tree, and thus read other users' files (assuming the files are not protected from reading by the operating system).
As a final example, if you only want to allow a user to see their own files, but to see directory specifications of the entire path, use a single alias like this:
 Alias Path
 ~ ~
Limit: All directory names and file paths are limited to 200 characters. If this limitation is ever a real problem please let us know.
SSL Encryption
SSL Encryption, if available on this platform and can be set to disable, allow or require. There is also a global setting for this parameter, which must be set in order for the class specific setting to have any meaning. For more details on SSL see this web page.
Max bytes per second
This setting limits the speed at which data can be downloaded from the server. This is commonly used to prevent all of your bandwidth from being used by a single or a few customers downloading huge files. The daily limit below is often more useful as it prevents abuse but doesn't slow everyone down in the process.
Daily download limit per IP address
This limits each user (or unique IP address) to a certain number of megabytes of downloads per day. This is ideal for preventing abuse. Often a single user will mistakenly download every file from your server, or repeatedly download the same file all day long, and this could cost you real money. This limit stops such abuse (intentional or accidental) without stopping your real users/customers.
Idle connection timeout
After the specified number of minutes, the server will terminate an idle link to recover lost resources and prevent dead links from using up all your spare channels. However, many other FTP servers have this idle limit set so low it is simply annoying.
Max concurrent users connected
This limit applies to all users in this virtual domain, and is good for limiting the total resource that can be used by this domain. This also prevents some denial of service attacks.
Files that cannot be retrieved
This is a 'paranoid' safety mechanism. It is possible to accidentally give read access to a directory containing a password file or some other'secret' information. As a precaution you can list the names of such files here, and, even if the user can download other files from the same directory, the server will prevent them from fetching these secret files. Typically on unix this should be set to ".netrc,password"
Files that cannot be stored locally (uploaded)
This is a 'paranoid' safety mechanism. It can prevent users from uploading files of specific types.
Root path for users (~ translation uses this)
In the aliases for this domain you can use ~ to indicate the home directory of the user that has logged in. So if the root path for users is /home, the alias specified ~/upload, and the current logged in user is 'bob', the resulting path would be /home/bob/upload
Hashing of users home directory
This setting lets you access existing hashed directories, or lets you specify a hashing method for an optimised directory structure. The setting is a string, combinations of these three characters "f", "o" and "/".
Use "f" for the first letter of the users name.
Use "o" for the next letter of the users name (if there is a next letter).
Use "/" for a directory separator.
The string used, is converted and inserted after the "Root path for users" and before the users name. This setting only works when the Root path for users (above) is set.
 Root path for users "d:\ftphome\"
 hashing string "f/o"
 user "bob" logs into path d:\ftphome\b\o\bob
 user "blackadder" logs into path d:\ftphome\b\l\blackadder
 Root path for users "m:\home\"
 hashing string "fo"
 user "bob" logs into path m:\home\bo\bob
 user "blackadder" logs into path m:\ome\bl\blackadder
Limit connections per ip (1-n)
This limits the concurrent users per IP address connected to the server. This is useful to prevent abuse from FTP clients that open multiple connections to get more than their share of bandwidth to your system. Often this stems from people using speed throttling FTP servers instead of limiting the MB downloads per day as you can do with this server. If your server really is heavily used, this setting allows you to prevent this kind of sneaky abuse/cheating.
Passive mode IP Address (use when inside NAT fire wall)
When using an FTP server through a NAT fire wall, this setting allows you to tell the server to give the NAT gateways 'IP' address instead of its own to users connecting from outside. This is done by creating a class that only external users use. You will also need to specify a passive IP port, and map those ports from the NAT firewall into the FTP server ports.
Passive mode starting IP port number (use when inside NAT fire wall)
When the FTP server wants to listen on a port, it will start at this number and increment the port until it finds a free port. You should map this same range of ports from the NAT gateway into the FTP server. Typically, a range of 50-100 will be sufficient, roughly how many concurrent users you expect.
Impersonate users when accessing files
This is an NT specific setting. This setting has 'odd' effects regarding mapping of network drives, etc. Usually on NT it is best turned off.
Allow 'FTP PROXY' 3 way transfers
If enabled, this allows an FTP client to transfer files between two FTP servers. This can be very efficient and quite neat. However, it can also be a security problem as it allows a hacker to send files from your system to someone elses system. This can make it very difficult to track down the hacker.
Also, this is very rarely used in the real world. More commonly, when this is attempted it is actually caused by a mis-configured NAT TCPIP router, and the user will simply not get the file they are requesting. By disabling this feature, the user gets a clear error message telling them to use passive mode to transfer files.
Hide real directory information
Some people believe that


text:
How to safely remove standing water in your El Paso commercial building.
When water damage occurs in a commercial building, the first thing you should do is get rid of any standing water as quickly as you can. After all, the longer water remains in an area, the more harm it can do. But there are a few things you should be aware of regarding securely eliminating standing water in your commercial space before you start scooping up water with your reliable bucket. In this blog post, we'll examine the correct methods for getting rid of standing water and how to keep yourself and your building safe while doing it.
It's critical to examine the problem first things first. You might require specialist equipment to safely and effectively remove the water depending on its quantity and source. For instance, it is advisable to leave the cleanup to commercial janitorial cleaning experts if the water is contaminated (such as sewage water), as they will have the necessary personal protective equipment (PPE) and knowledge to remove the water safely.
Turn off the building's main water supply to stop the flow of water if the standing water is the result of a broken pipe before attempting to remove it. In order to prevent any potential electrical hazards, you should also ensure that the gas and electricity to the affected area are shut off.
The most essential factor in water removal is to move promptly. Water can inflict more harm the longer it is allowed to sit. It is essential to remove as much water as possible as quickly as feasible. Using a wet/dry vacuum, a mop and bucket, or even a squeegee are some of the popular instruments used to remove standing water. The ideal method depends on the amount and location of the water.
For deeper water, use a wet/dry vacuum or a submersible pump to swiftly remove it. These equipment pieces are designed to safely remove water from carpets and floors in commercial settings.


Degree of Cure
The degree of curing describes the conversion achieved during crosslinking reactions (curing). In macromolecular chemistry, crosslinking refers to reactions in which a large number of individual molecules are linked to form a three-dimensional network. Linkage can be achieved either by direct setup of macromolecules or reaction to the already existing polymers.
This can easily be measured by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
The degree of curing, α, is the amount of heat converted divided by the reaction enthalpy.
α = H/ΔHR
The degree of cure of an already (partially) crosslinked sample can be determined via the residual enthalpy of post-crosslinking, HPC (post-cure). Then, the degree of cure can be calculated as
α = 1-(HPC/ΔHR)
Figure 1: DSC 214 Polyma measurement results; black curve: uncured adhesive; red curve: partially cured adhesive (sample weight: 2.80 mg and 2.77 mg; heating rate 5 K/min)
Figure 1 depicts an example for the calculation of the degree of cure for a partially cured adhesive. The uncured adhesive shows a curing enthalpy of 242.35 J/g, whereas the partially cured sample shows an enthalpy of just 203.92 J/g for the post curing reaction. Therefore, a degree of cure of 15.9 % for the partially cured sample can be calculated.
Related Methods


text:
"In Three Words, a lesson creating an anti-bullying Animoto video, allows students to take an active role in the development of an anti-bullying lesson thus taking ownership of the message. Students used the Good Morning America segment "Your Three Words" as a model for creating videos depicting powerful anti-bullying messages. Using flip video cameras, students filmed short clips displaying their three word messages and then created a collective video using the web 2.0 tool, Animoto.
This webquest is designed for 5th grade recess monitors. This teaching-to-learn webquest is intended to involve students in the examination of bullying behavior and how they can help younger students prevent it from happening.
Students will work in co-op groups to brainstorm, plan, write scripts, keyboard scripts and then use digital video camera to film public service announcements. They will edit on the computer and we will show on morning announcements and connect to website.
Newell Elementary students will create a series of skits to promote effective social problem-solving techniques. Each skit will highlight the most common scenarios of bullying at each grade level. These videos will be shown to all elementary students in an effort to reinforce positive social skills in the classrooms.


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Chemistry LibreTexts
3.11: Joined Rings
 - Page ID
 182863
 - Learning Objective
 - recognize, classify, and draw the three ways to join two rings
 Bicyclic Ring SystemsEdit section
 There are three ways to join two rings. If two rings share two or more atoms, then the structure is called a bicyclic compound. If the two rings share a single atom, then the structure is called a spirocyclic compound. Examples of each way to join rings is shown below.
 joined rings.png
 Bicyclic Compounds
 Fused rings share two adjacent carbon atoms. Decalin is a fused bicyclic compound. Its IUPAC name is bibyclo[4.4.0]decane to communicate the bonding arrangement.
 Bridged rings share two non-adjacent carbon atoms and one or more carbon atoms between them. Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane shows the difference between the bridgehead carbons and the bridge carbons.
 Spirocyclic Compounds
 A spirobicycloalkane is a molecule in which only one carbon atom is shared by the two rings in the molecule. The carbon atom shared by the two rings is called the spirocarbon. A chain of bonds originating and ending at the spirocarbon is called a bridge. The compound below is named spiro[4.5]decane to communicate the number of carbons in each bridge with the spirocarbon.
 Steroids
 Steroids include such well known compounds as cholesterol, sex hormones, birth control pills, cortisone, and anabolic steroids.
 556steroid.gifEdit section
 The best known and most abundant steroid in the body is cholesterol. Cholesterol is formed in brain tissue, nerve tissue, and the blood stream. It is the major compound found in gallstones and bile salts. Cholesterol also contributes to the formation of deposits on the inner walls of blood vessels. These deposits harden and obstruct the flow of blood. This condition, known as atherosclerosis, results in various heart diseases, strokes, and high blood pressure.
 Much research is currently underway to determine if a correlation exists between cholesterol levels in the blood and diet. Not only does cholesterol come from the diet, but cholesterol is synthesized in the body from carbohydrates and proteins as well as fat. Therefore, the elimination of cholesterol rich foods from the diet does not necessarily lower blood cholesterol levels. Some studies have found that if certain unsaturated fats and oils are substituted for saturated fats, the blood cholesterol level decreases. The research is incomplete on this problem.
 556cholesterol.gif
 Structures of Sex HormonesEdit section
 Sex hormones are also steroids. The primary male hormone, testosterone, is responsible for the development of secondary sex characteristics. Two female sex hormones, progesterone and estrogen or estradiol control the ovulation cycle. Notice that the male and female hormones have only slight differences in structures, but yet have very different physiological effects.
 Testosterone promotes the normal development of male genital organs ans is synthesized from cholesterol in the testes. It also promotes secondary male sexual characteristics such as deep voice, facial and body hair.
 Estrogen, along with progesterone regulates changes occurring in the uterus and ovaries known as the menstrual cycle. For more details see Birth Control. Estrogen is synthesized from testosterone by making the first ring aromatic which results in mole double bonds, the loss of a methyl group and formation of an alcohol group.
 556sexhormones.gif
 Exercise
 1. Someone stated that trans-decalin is more stable than cis-decalin. Explain why this is incorrect.
 Answer
 1. Cis-decalin has fewer steric interactions than trans-decalinbecause each ring can assume the chair form in both conformations. Working with models can be helpful.
 Contributors
 - John D. Robert and Marjorie C. Caserio (1977) Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry, second edition. W. A. Benjamin, Inc. , Menlo Park, CA. ISBN 0-8053-8329-8. This content is copyrighted under the following conditions, "You are granted permission for individual, educational, research and non-commercial reproduction, distribution, display and performance of this work in any format."


text:
Submit Module Request
Green Map's Energy & Environment Exploration Modules are designed to help middle and high school age youth experience and interpret their community's energy and environment from a sustainability perspective.
These timely resources are adaptable for different learning objectives and time frames. Each illustrated module includes:
- learning objectives,
- indoor and outdoor mapmaking tips and field reports,
- vocabulary, essay and discussion suggestions,
- activities to chart environmental assets and address important skills, topics and issues related to sustainability.
Educators and youth group leaders can copy an entire module or just the relevant page(s) for your students or use them on computer screens. The Educator's Guide is provided in text format so you can edit and adapt sections, as needed, or blend them into ongoing curriculum or projects.
These Modules are provided free to educators and youth group leaders during the 2008-2009 school year. By using these modules, students will gain a first-hand understanding of these complicated themes and how to make everyday choices that are more sustainable. You'll also get a 'taste' of Green Mapmaking, which we hope will lead towards registration of a full-scale mapmaking project.


How to send videos on discord without nitro
If you looking to get solution of How to send videos on discord without nitro then must check given helpful tips & tricks and guides. We have listed all the related questions to provide you as much best possible solution.
How do you send videos over 8MB on Discord without Nitro?
What you can actually do is open up a web browser. And go to ingo.com. And here what we can do is upload our video to here. So go to new post in the top left hand corner.
How do I send files to Discord without Nitro?
How to Send Large Files on Discord Without Nitro
 1. 1 Uploading to Imgur in a Web Browser.
 2. 2 Uploading to Imgur in the Mobile App.
 3. 3 Compressing with HandBrake on Your Computer.
 4. 4 Sharing a Large File with Google Drive on Mobile.
 5. 5 Sharing a Large File with Google Drive on a Computer.
How do I send large videos on Discord?
And you need to go to a website called imgo.com now on here you can actually upload your video. And then embed it into discord.
How do you send a video on Discord?
How to send videos on Discord Android? Step 1: Launch the app, then register or log in to your account. Step 2: Head on over to the server or friend you'd like to send your video to. Step 3: Click on the 'image' icon to open up your gallery.
How do I bypass Discord video limit?
Here are the methods to bypass the Discord file size limit:
 1. Use Third-Party Storage Websites. The most common way to share files is through storage websites, whether large or small. …
 2. Use Imgur for Sharing Media Files. …
 3. Compress Your Files. …
 4. Join Boosted Discord Servers. …
 5. Buy Nitro Subscription.
Why does Discord only allow 8MB?
Unfortunately, due to the rapid growth of Discord's userbase, the maximum file size for uploads has been limited to 8MB. Today, it isn't uncommon to want to share files larger than 8MB. An image at 4K resolution can easily be above 8MB, with high-resolution video being much larger.
Why can't I send videos on Discord?
Your membership tier determines the size of movies you can send. You can only transmit films up to 8 MB if you have a basic account. You'll need the Nitro account to get around Discord's 8MB limit. You can share MP4 files up to 50 MB in size with the Nitro membership or 100 MB with the Discord Nitro subscription.
How do I get discord Nitro free trial?
How Can I Get a Discord Nitro Free Trial?
 1. Download the XBOX application, install it and run it.
 2. Launch the application: Sign in with your account or establish a new one with Outlook. …
 3. Get a game pass from the game pass panel.
 4. Join the game pass.
 5. Buy the game pass for $1 and receive free Nitro as a bonus.
How do you send videos larger than 8MB on Discord?
As stated above, you need to buy a Discord Nitro subscription in order to send videos larger than 8MB.
What is the max file size for Discord?
Discord users who have a free account can only send files of up to eight MB. This limitation doesn't include GIFs from the Discord textbox, however. If you upload an image, video, or other file format, only the smallest files make it in.
How can I send video?
Simply enter any email addresses that you would like to send the video file to once you've got that squared away just tap transfer. And the file will begin uploading automatically.
Can you send videos on Discord mobile?
The process to send video on Discord Mobile is pretty similar both with iOS and Android, but with just a few minor tweaks. Firstly, you still need to navigate to either the server or inbox where you want to share the video. You can then click the 'Photo Selector' button directly to the left of the chatbox.
How do I share a video on Discord bigger than 8MB?
As stated above, you need to buy a Discord Nitro subscription in order to send videos larger than 8MB. But, do not prepare to swipe yet. There are workarounds that will let you do that for free — compressing the video, for instance. It will reduce the file size, which would allow you to send it without spending money.
How do I upload more than 100mb to Discord?
If you're using a mobile device, follow these steps instead.
 1. Download a video compressor app from the app store.
 2. Launch the app.
 3. Pick a video to compress.
 4. Ensure it's the proper size before proceeding.
 5. Start the compression.
 6. After it ends, switch to Discord for mobile.
 7. Locate the compressed video.
 8. Upload it to Discord.
How do I send large mp3 files on Discord?
Sending Files On Discord – Windows
 1. Run Discord.
 2. Join a server or go to your friends' list. …
 3. Now click on any text channel, or open a direct message chat with a friend.
 4. At the bottom of the window, you should see a plus icon right next to the typing space.
 5. Click the icon and select Upload A File.
How do you send a long video on Discord mobile?
So you want to click on the share icon right there which could be different on any phone to be honest. But you want to find the discord icon which for me is showing up right there.


Remote read replicas - the what, why, and how
PostgreSQL remote read replicas enable users to increase their data availability, as well as read and write performance. Read more to learn how Aiven does it.
03 April 2018
Prem Nallasivampillai
Prem Nallasivampillai RSS Feed
Head of Customer Success at Aiven
Glossary of terms Master: The primary DB instance that is the target of write (and read) operations.
Standby: A DB instance that will be considered for promotion (available for reads).
Read replica: Implies local or remote read-only instance (a.k.a replica).
What is an Aiven for PostgreSQL remote read replica?
When it comes to Aiven for PostgreSQL, until remote replica functionality was released a few weeks ago, there were traditionally two types of DB instances namely, Master, and one or more Standby instances. Each standby instance serves two purposes: the first is to be considered for promotion in the event the master fails, and the other is to serve read-only operations.
Standalone read replica is the newest member to this family. The differences between a standby instance and a remote read replica are that, a remote read replica will never be considered for promotion if the master failed, and a standby is always located in the same region as the master.
As with all flavors of standby and read replica instances (local or remote), the mechanism used to replicate data from the master to the replicas is asynchronous. By not relying on network service quality & bandwidth coupled with the low overhead inherent in PostgreSQL streaming replication, the impact to the write and read performance of the Master DB instance is negligible.
Note: A remote read replica can be set up between homogenous or heterogenous cloud providers. For example, you can have your primary service in Google Cloud (Iowa) and have a read replica in DigitalOcean (New York) or Google Cloud (South Carolina).
Why remote read replicas are a business imperative
At this point, you might be wondering what the big deal is about the new addition. The two most fundamental uses of the remote read replica are to provide greater data availability, and increased performance (throughput and latency) for reads and writes. By offloading reads to the replica, you are essentially doing two things:
1. increase read throughput (fairly obvious), and
2. increase write throughput on the master (not so obvious).
To illustrate, let's say that you have a business-critical application that records online merchandise purchases. In order to record and fulfill those orders you have invested in one of the premium Aiven PostgreSQL plans equipped with a read/write Master and two standby instances, where all the DB instances are located in the same region.
What would happen if the region your Aiven service is running in goes black, as would happen with a natural disaster?. You are then in a situation where you can neither view existing orders, let alone fulfill them. Nor can you record any new orders that your customers want to make from your website. As your sales are impacted, so is your bottom line.
If you were taking advantage of remote read replica functionality, your day would have gone a lot better. Because, the remote read replica will remain fully operational for reads even if the primary region hosting your Master and local replicas becomes inoperable. Therefore, you can continue to fulfill existing orders that were already made.
You can even tweak it so that you can convert the remote read replica to a read/write Master and point your web application to it within a matter of a few minutes, thereby allowing you to continue accepting new orders. In short, a remote read replica provides greater data availability for your business-critical applications.
And availability is just the most obvious benefit of remote read replicas; there are also performance benefits. Especially in the age of globalization, it makes sense to place the data close to consumers. In this case, there may be data that various regional departments share. By allowing for the placement of data close to consumers, a remote read replica makes it more efficient to access.
A similar use case is where massive amounts of data are used in various regions to generate daily performance reports and analytics. Again, replicating and placing this data closest to the regions where the reports and analytics are run for decision makers enables them to make more timely decisions based upon the data. Aiven for PostgreSQL remote read replica feature makes this possible.
How to set up a read replica in 7 steps
Setting up a remote read replica is made convenient through the Aiven Console. Please follow the instructions below to setup a remote read replica for any non-hobbyist Aiven for PostgreSQL plan.
1. Navigate to the Aiven console.
Note: If you don't have a PostgreSQL service running, create a Startup or higher Aiven PostgreSQL service from the Aiven console per Getting started with Aiven PostgreSQL.
existing postgresql service
2. Once your PostgreSQL service up and running, navigate to the service details page by clicking on the service name.
postgreSQL service details]
3. Click on the "Create a read replica" button shown in the bottom-right corner to get to the new remote read replica configuration screen.
postgreSQL service details]
4. Give the remote read replica service a name.
5. Select the Cloud provider who will be hosting the remote read replica service (and the region).
6. Select a plan for the service (default: same plan as the main service).
7. Click "Create" to provision the remote read replica service. Give the service a few minutes to complete startup.
postgreSQL service details
Note: To obtain the credentials to access the remote read replica, simply click on its service name to enter the service details page.
remote-replica service details]
Create your first read replicas today
If you have a business-critical application that requires data (and associated service) to survive complete failure of a cloud provider's region or wish to increase the performance of your existing Aiven PostgreSQL database, take advantage of the Aiven PostgreSQL remote read replica functionality. The cost is will be nominal compared to benefits and peace of mind it will bring.
Stay up-to-date! Follow us on Facebook and [Twitter](, or join the Aiven blog's RSS feed_
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text:
Female drivers experience greater vulnerabilities when involved in motor vehicle crashes, according to a new study published online yesterday in the American Journal of Public Health. Researchers say the lack of tailoring of safety designs toward women may be to blame.
Using national crash data to determine the role of driver gender as a predictor of injury outcome when involved in a crash, researchers found that belted female drivers are more susceptible to injuries compared with belted male drivers when involved in a similar motor vehicle crash. They also found that belted female drivers exhibited a higher risk of chest and spine injuries compared with their male counterparts.
The authors noted "a higher risk of lower extreme injuries reported for female drivers as a result of their relatively short stature, preferred seating posture and a combination of these factors yielding lower safety protection from the standard restraint devices."
"One reason safety systems are designed more for the male population is that men are three times more likely to be involved in a car crash that leads to serious or fatal injuries," according to a story by ABC News. "In recent years, however, there has been an increase in female drivers getting into these types of accidents."
The study focused on crashes and cars between 1998 and 2008, so all of the cars involved in the research were about six years old. However, many of these older cars are still on the road, which suggests that the findings cannot be discounted.
"Female motor vehicle drivers today may not be as safe as their male counterparts," wrote the authors. "Therefore, the relative higher vulnerability of female drivers …when exposed to moderate and serious crashes must be taken into account."


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Three types of online appointment schedules: which one should I choose?
The first choice to make when setting up your new SuperSaaS schedule is which type of online appointment schedule you will select when you click on the New Schedule page. SuperSaaS offers three types of schedule to cater for different uses, situations or businesses.
The three schedule types are known as the Capacity schedule, Resource schedule, and Service schedule. In some ways, they overlap in what they can do, and for some applications more than one will work. You will get the best experience if you know which schedule type is appropriate for your situation.
Use a Capacity schedule for group events
How many people should be able to sign up for your event? If the answer is more than one, then it is likely that a capacity schedule will be most suitable.
Examples of group events where a capacity schedule would work best:
- Students signing up for a class
- Attendees registering for a conference or workshop
Examples of situations where a capacity schedule would not work so well and a resource schedule or service schedule should be used instead:
- Making an appointment with a consultant (only one user at a time)
- A spa with multiple therapists (clients book simultaneous appointments, but not with the same therapist)
- A boat rental service with multiple boats (people will want to rent at different times)
The Resource schedule works well in most other cases
The distinction between a resource schedule and service schedule lies primarily in the booking process. A resource schedule is organized around individual people or objects. Resources can be consultants, teachers, boats, meeting rooms, or other items that can only be used for single bookings. In other words, the resource can be booked once for a particular time slot. The schedule shows the resource's availability and the user picks an available spot.
By comparison, a service schedule can be used for offering services in which more than one resource may be selected. The user first has to select a service (e.g. a lesson, a ride, a haircut). After selecting a service, the schedule will show all the spots that have the resources (specific teachers, riding instructors or hair stylists) available that are needed for that service.
We recommend that you start with a resource schedule. A resource schedule will work in most scenarios, although sometimes a service-oriented process will fit better. The resource schedule should contain all the scarce resources that are involved in the booking process. For example, scarce resources could be therapists, rooms, boats, pool tables, etc. If you are setting up a calendar to allow people to schedule an appointment with you, then you would be the scarce resource.
Don't include resources that are not limited or will easily be available for each booking. For example, if an appointment needs a meeting room, but there's always a meeting room available, there is no point in including it.
The Service schedule has a few unique abilities
The service schedule's main benefit is that it can take into account the availability of resources in other schedules. If your service depends on a number of resources being available, the service schedule checks when all the required resources (objects and/or people) are available so that the user can make a booking. Note that where the resource schedule allows users to create appointments of arbitrary length and/or create repeating appointments, the service schedule lacks such ability.
Examples of where a service schedule would be needed:
- Multiple resources are required for one booking. For example: a booking for a treatment requires that both a room and a therapist are available.
- Different services require different resources. For example: a certain treatment can only be performed by one specific doctor.
To define a service that uses multiple resources, you first need to define those resources in a resource schedule.
Combining several schedules
If your service schedule is linked to multiple resource schedules, you combine the various calendars to solve more complex booking needs.
For example, a wellness spa may have two therapists and each one can provide specific treatments in specific rooms. You can specify that a service needs "Therapist 1" Or "Therapist 2" And "Room 1". It is not necessary for Therapist 1 and Therapist 2 to be in the same schedule, therefore making it possible that each Therapist can sync their own Google Calendar availability. For more advanced applications see the chapter on combining schedules.
Which schedule type works best for your needs?
Since you can create and delete as many schedules as you like, there is no harm in trying out several types and discarding unused ones later on. Everything but the schedule's type can be changed afterwards. You can try an example of each schedule type in the demo section. You might also find the tutorials for the different types helpful.
|Use case||Schedule type|
|Students signing up for classes||Capacity|
|Participants signing up for an event||Capacity|
|Employees booking meeting rooms||Resource|
|Users selecting the length of appointments||Resource|
|Showing availability for your bed & breakfast||Resource|
|Booking both a projector and a room||Service|
|Illustrating each service with pictures||Service|
|Combining and linking several schedules||Service|
The SuperSaaS system offers a lot of flexibility when it comes to configuring your reservation process. Here are four tips for configuring your schedule for specific requirements.
On a resource and a service schedule, your users can create a reservation anywhere, except where you tell them not to. In other words, by default, the entire schedule is available for bookings, unless you block a spot. On a capacity schedule, it is the other way around: users can only book where you have created an available slot. If you want people to select from just a few available dates, then you could use a capacity schedule with a maximum of 1 per slot instead. This may be easier than blocking off all unavailable dates on a resource or service schedule.
Stand-alone service schedule
You can define a service that is not connected to any resource. If there are no resource requirements, in theory an unlimited number of appointments can be made at the same time, which is rarely useful. For this reason the service schedule can be configured to prohibit overlapping appointments, in effect acting as a resource schedule with a single resource. This provides a convenient shortcut if you have a single resource and want to use the service schedule, for example because its calendar format works better for your purpose.
Pooled resources, presented as a single entity
A service schedule can be used to present a group of resources as a single entity. This is useful, for example, if you have 20 identical pieces of equipment for rent and you don't want the customer to select a particular one. You have the option to give out equipment randomly, or indicate an order and give out the first one available. You can find a detailed explanation on the page about combining schedules.
Single resource, presented as multiple entities
Conversely, two or more service schedules can be used to represent a single resource as different entities. An example is where one schedule shows to members of a club and another to walk-in customers. Members could be allowed to book at a lower price or longer in advance than regular customers. Another example would be for a consultant who works for different clients across multiple locations. She can provide each location with a schedule tailored to that particular client, while still ensuring she does not get double booked.


UX Bookclub Switzerland meeting: interaction design lessons from science fiction
Red attended the meeting of the UX Bookclub Switzerland to discuss the influence of science fiction media on real-life interface and interaction design.
Image showing Red at the UX Book Club discussing the relevance of interfaces from Sci-Fi movies.
At the UX Book Club interfaces in Sci-Fi movies are a hot topic!
Exploring fictional user interfaces
The latest meeting of the UX Bookclub revolved around the book Make It So - Interaction Design Lessons from Science Fiction by Nathan Shedroff and Christopher Noessel. They investigate how interfaces in science fiction films are presented and how interaction designers can use these fictional interfaces as a source of inspiration. Although there is a lot of technological extravagance in science fiction, certain aspects can be put to use in real life.
Real-world vs fictional interfaces
The technologies and interface designs which we see on screen have a great influence on both designer and user. Sometimes, they may actually inspire real world technology, as it was the case with the Motorola StarTAC phone, which was inspired by the communicator from the Star Trek series filmed 30 years earlier. Fictional possibilities inevitably change our expectations and desires regarding real technology.
The most important difference between fiction and reality is of course the fact that while it is essential that user interfaces in the real world function properly, fictional interfaces needn't work. They do not necessarily have to be thought through to the last detail or can simply rely on a system which is extremely intelligent. This allows for more freedom in imagining an ideal interface. Though we cannot start designing unfinished interfaces which don't work, we can gain from this the idea of giving our imagination free rein. It might be worth blocking out the usual project limitations such as budget, technology and client wishes, at least for a moment.
Design itself is fiction
Another interesting realisation when looking at the relation between science fiction and real-world design is the fact that in the end, our work is fiction, too: „All design is fiction—at least until it gets built or is made available to users and customers." The personae which we create could be compared to characters, the scenarios and use cases to narratives and prototypes to scenes. We are sci-fi creators! Just as sci-fi writers use their imagination to write an engaging story, we have to be imaginative when designing an interface which satisfies the user.
The idea to learn from sci-fi films and television shows is certainly very interesting. Nathan Shedroff and Christopher Noessel provide a well-organised overview of different sci-fi user interfaces and show that we can gain valuable new approaches by having a closer look at these fictional interfaces. However, the book reads more like general thoughts from an interaction designer's view and lacks a certain profoundness. Another interesting read on sci-fi and technology is Aaron Marcus' The Past 100 Years of the Future: Human-Computer Interaction in Science-Fiction Movies and Television. His book also explores how real-life professionals and sci-fi media-producers can learn from one another.
In the meantime, we are also confronted with divining what technological breakthrough the "real" future will bring. Thinking about Google Glass or Siri we realise that technologies such as augmented reality or voice recognition, which several years ago may have seemed like pure fiction, exist. The question is now how things will develop - what will be the next best thing?


text:
Mission 1: Top of the World
From 03.03.2006 to 08.06.2006 - Status: abandoned
In February 2006, Adventure Ecology launched its 1st expedition: Mission 1 "Top of the World". Their challenge is to traverse the Arctic Ocean from Russia to Canada via the North Pole to highlight the issues that surround climate change and its worldwide effects in particular on Polar regions.
They aim to raise awareness, inspire, empower and create a global network of virtual and real Adventure Ecologists.
Take one of earth's most dangerous and environmentally challenged regions, 16 Inuit dogs, blend in 4 experienced polar adventurers, 2.5 tonnes of high tech expedition gear, 35kg of chocolate, add a dash of polar history, enough animations to make PIXAR tremble, a large portion of world records and then chill to -40°c... And there you have the recipe for, "Making Learning an Adventure".
The team utilised cutting edge satellite technology to post a series of daily voice, text and photographic dispatches to the world through the Adventure Ecology Expedition website.
- Where: Cape Arctichesky (Russia) to Cape Columbia/Ellesmere Island (Canada) via the North Pole
- Distance: 1240 Miles /1800 Km
- When: March 2006 Ãâ June 2006
- How: Skiing, Walking, Swimming and Dog Sledding
- Team Size: 4
- Paul Landry (50) - Canadian
- David de Rothschild (27) - British
- Martin Hartley (38) - British
- Sarah McNair-Landry (19) - Canadian
- Average Temperature: -32°C


text:
[meteorite-list] Article - CU-Boulder Researchers to Analyze Meteorite That Fell Outside Berthoud, Colo.
From: ken newton <magellon_at_meteoritecentral.com>
Date: Mon Oct 11 16:03:23 2004
AScribe The Public Interest Newswire
Mon Oct 11 10:55:00 2004 Pacific Time
CU-Boulder Researchers to Analyze Meteorite That Fell Outside
BOULDER, Colo., Oct. 11 (AScribe Newswire) -- University of
Colorado at Boulder researchers will scientifically analyze a meteorite
that fell outside Berthoud, Colo., last week, only the fifth to ever
have been seen falling and subsequently recovered in Colorado, experts say.
The meteorite weighs more than 2 pounds and is about as large as
a baseball, although it is irregular in shape. It appears to be made of
igneous rock and is melted on its surface from the heat of entering the
atmosphere. The meteorite probably broke off an asteroid or planetary body.
"Its igneous composition reveals that it was chipped off an
asteroid large enough to undergo some form of volcanic activity," said
Nick Schneider, associate professor of astrophysical and planetary
Megan and John Whiteis of Berthoud, and Megan's son, Casper,
provided the meteorite to aerospace engineering sciences assistant
professor Scott Palo for scientific analysis after they saw it land in
their backyard. The couple had just walked out their back door into the
yard at 1:30 p.m. on Oct. 5, when the meteorite flew over their heads
and landed about 100 feet ahead of them.
Megan's mother, Marilyn Meador, contacted the National Center for
Atmospheric Research and spoke with Dr. Maura Hagan who emailed Palo.
Palo is an expert in radio meteors -- the study of ionized meteor trails
in the upper atmosphere using radio waves. Palo spent the next few days
putting together a team of scientists interested in helping to analyze
the specimen. The team includes:
- Jack Murphy, curator emeritus of the Denver Museum of Nature
and Science, who is writing a book on Colorado meteorites
- Chris Peterson, of Cloudbait Observatory, a Colorado fireball
observation network in Guffey, Colo., who is working to reconstruct the
trajectory and orbit of the meteorite using infrasound and observations
- Assistant Professor Stephen Mojzsis of the CU-Boulder
department of geological sciences
- Associate Professor Nick Schneider of the CU-Boulder department
of astrophysical and planetary sciences and the Laboratory for
Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP)
- Doug Duncan, director of Fiske Planetarium
The first scientific test will measure gamma rays being emitted
by the meteorite. It is likely the test will be performed at NASA's
Johnson Space Center later this week. Because this is a fresh fall, the
volatile chemical species can be measured. Analysis of the rare gasses
and gamma ray emissions will provide information about the size and
history of the meteorite before it entered the Earth's atmosphere.
Analysis of the meteorite trajectory and orbit also will be
conducted in an effort to learn where this meteorite originated. Over
the past 7 years to 10 years, a surprising number of fireballs have been
observed during the first week of October. Scientists have little
understanding about the source of the fireballs but the Berthoud
meteorite could provide a wealth of information about these recent
events. The possibility of tracking a meteorite back to its place of
origin in the asteroid belt is a rare opportunity. Researchers are
asking the public to report any fireball sightings in the sky during
October in order to help determine the meteorite's trajectory and point
of origin. Fireball sightings can be reported by going to
Residents of Berthoud also are asked to keep their eyes open for
any rocks that appear unusual with a smooth, black, shiny crust. People
who find objects they think may be a meteorite should contact Jack
Murphy at _PHONE_.
Discoverers Megan and John Whiteis have expressed their keen
interest in making the Berthoud meteorite available for educational
purposes. Until needed for scientific analysis, the meteorite will be
displayed and discussed in CU classrooms and at Fiske Planetarium. CU
faculty will work with local K-12 educators and the discoverers to bring
the excitement and importance of the Berthoud meteorite to schools and
museums around the state.
Viewing times at Fiske will be posted at _URL_
and requests for class visits should be made to Suzanne Traub-Metlay at
CONTACTS: Scott Palo, _PHONE_
CU-Boulder News Services -- Jim Scott, _PHONE_, or Carol
METEORITE FACT SHEET
CU-Boulder, Oct. 11, 2004
A meteoroid is a small object - generally smaller than the size
of a pebble - and usually comes from asteroids, the moon, comets or Mars.
Thousands of meteorites fall to Earth each year. Meteorites
generally become visible at about 60 miles from the ground due to the
intense heating from striking the atmosphere at speeds of at least
20,000 mph. Only the largest meteors are bright enough to see in the
The average weight of a shooting star, or meteor, in the sky is
less than one ounce -- about the size of a pea or smaller. Larger
meteors that hit the ground become meteorites by definition. Most
meteors decay into dust in the atmosphere and never make contact with
The largest known meteorite is a 70-ton specimen still embedded
in the ground in Grootfontein in southwest Africa. The largest meteorite
ever found in the United States is the Willamette meteorite, which was
found in Oregon and weighs about 15 tons.
Fireballs are defined as any meteor that is brighter than Venus
in the night sky. The appearance of a fireball is often followed by a
A meteorite generally is named for the locale, region or town
where it was found.
Meteorites generally are classified into three categories: Stony,
iron and stony-iron. Only about 10 per cent of the meteorites that reach
Earth are "iron meteorites." Iron meteorites are rare because they
typically become buried upon impact. Of the 75 meteorites that have been
recovered in Colorado, 14 are iron.
Stone meteorites can be divided into chondrite and achondrite
types. Chondrites contain chondrules, tiny, spherical blobs of silicates
from the earliest solar system formation which pre-date planetary
Achondrite meteorites, like the one recently discovered near
Berthoud, Colo., make up about 7 percent of all known meteorites.
Achondrite meteorites are made from chondritic material that was melted
and re-crystalized while still on or within its parent solar system body.
Achondrite meteorites may be pieces of planets and moons ejected
during impacts or collisions eons ago and may have traveled through the
solar system for millions of years. The now-famous Allan Hills meteorite
from Mars was discovered in 1998 in Antarctica and continues to be
controversial since some scientists believe it contains microscopic
evidence for life.
Received on Mon 11 Oct 2004 04:03:17 PM PDT


text:
The quantification of phenolics was based on the standard curve generated with the use of gallic acid, and expressed as gallic acid equivalent.
What does GAE stand for?
GAE stands for Gallic Acid Equivalent (chemistry)
This definition appears very frequently and is found in the following Acronym Finder categories:
- Science, medicine, engineering, etc.
See other definitions of GAE
We have 49 other meanings of GAE in our Acronym Attic
- Ground Air Defense Threat
- Guam Aquaculture Development and Training Center (University of Guam)
- Global Aerospace and Defence Trading Exchange (UK)
- Genome Analysis and Database Update
- Grande Arquiteto Do Universo (Portugese: Great Architect of the Universe)
- Get A Dog Up You (chat)
- Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (Ludhiana, Punjab, India)
- Gemeinde Auf Dem Weg (German: Town on the Road)
- Gadzooks (stock symbol)
- Galaxy Advanced Engineering, Inc. (California)
- General American English (language studies)
- General Analytical Evaluation
- Generic Application Environment
- Georgia Association of Educators
- Google App Engine (computing platform)
- Government Administration and Elections (Connecticut)
- Grant Aided Expenditure (UK)
- Granulomatous Amoebic Encephalitis
- Groningen Airport Eelde (est. 1931; Netherlands)
- Grooming Add Edge
Samples in periodicals archive:
Extracts from leaves collected in valleys and along the coast contained 46 mg and 40 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram of murta, respectively.
Total phenolic content was expressed as milligrammes of gallic acid equivalent per gram of dry weight (mg GAE/g dw).
The amount of phenolics was expressed as gallic acid equivalent (GAE) in milligrams per gram dry plant extract.
The result of this assay is typically expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAE).
Gallic acid was used as standard and the results were expressed as mg of Gallic acid equivalents (GAE) [g.
The total phenol content was expressed as gallic acid equivalent in mg/g of the extract.
Results were expressed in gallic acid equivalents per amount of diet extracted.


text:
Bureau of Meteorology, Tasmania
Minor Flood Warning for the River Derwent
Issued at 10:09 am on Saturday 30 July 2016
Flood Warning Number: 6
Minor flooding will continue in the lower reaches of the Derwent River below Meadowbank Dam during Saturday.
Minor flooding is not expected to extend downstream to Macquarie Plains and New Norfolk during Saturday.
Up to 15mm of rainfall was recorded in the River Derwent catchment in the 24 hours to 9 AM Saturday. Snow melt is expected to maintain high river levels throughout the Derwent catchment during Saturday. Further rainfall, up to 15 mm, is possible during Saturday in the upper parts of the River Derwent catchment.
Some storages within the Derwent system are at high levels, with several dams spilling. Lake King William has started to spill for the first time since 2013, resulting in elevated river levels in the River Derwent downstream of the dam.
Strong and dangerous flows may be a hazard throughout the Derwent catchment for the next few days.
River Derwent above River Ouse:
River rises have been observed in the upper reaches of the Derwent catchment. Some storages within the Derwent system are at high levels, with several dams spilling. Lake King William has started to spill for the first time since 2013 resulting in elevated river levels downstream.
River Derwent above Meadowbank Dam:
River rises have been observed in the middle reaches of the Derwent catchment.
River Derwent below Meadowbank Dam:
Minor flooding is occurring along the River Derwent below Meadowbank Dam.The River Derwent below Meadowbank Dam peaked at 4.45 metres around 02:20 pm Friday 29 July and is currently at 4.30 metres and falling. The River Derwent below Meadowbank Dam may fall below the minor flood level (4.10 m) Saturday evening.
The River Derwent at Macquarie Plains is currently at 3.22 metres and steady. The River Derwent at Macquarie Plains is expected to remain below the minor flood level (4.0 metres) during Saturday.
River Derwent around New Norfolk:
Minor flooding is not expected to extend downstream to New Norfolk.The River Derwent at New Norfolk is currently at 1.52 metres and rising. The river level at New Norfolk is expected to remain below the minor flood level (2.0 metres) during Saturday.
Flood Safety Advice:FloodSafe advice is available at _URL_
Road closure information is available at _URL_
For emergency assistance call the SES on telephone number 132 500.
For life threatening situations, call 000 immediately.
Next Issue:The next warning will be issued by 4pm on Saturday 30 July 2016.
Latest River Heights:
|Location||Height of River (m)||Tendency||Date/Time of Observation|
|River Derwent below Lake St Clair||2.06||Steady||09:00 AM SAT 30/07/16|
|River Ouse at Ashton||1.61||Rising||08:15 AM SAT 30/07/16|
|River Ouse at 3B Weir||1.23||Rising||09:00 AM SAT 30/07/16|
|River Clyde at Bothwell||0.84||Steady||08:00 AM SAT 30/07/16|
|River Derwent below Meadowbank Dam||4.31||Falling||09:00 AM SAT 30/07/16|
|River Derwent at Macquarie Plains||3.23||Steady||09:37 AM SAT 30/07/16|
|Tyenna River at Newbury||0.97||Steady||08:00 AM SAT 30/07/16|
|Styx River at Bruces Bridge||1.60||Steady||11:09 AM FRI 29/07/16|
|River Derwent at New Norfolk||1.08||Falling||09:50 AM SAT 30/07/16|
This advice is also available by dialling 1300 659 216. Warning, rainfall and river information are available at _URL_ The latest weather forecast is available at _URL_


text:
The USAMI is a virtual institute that was crated in 2003 with sponsorship from the Division of Materials Research of the National Science Foundation. The initiative aims at promoting interdisciplinary collaboration between U.S. and African researchers in the areas of materials research and education. This is achieved by:
- Sponsoring research visits by African Scientists to U.S. Universities to engage in USAMI-sponsored research.
- Sponsoring the visits to Africa for U.S. researchers and students to engage in research and education activities.
- Organizing workshops to bring materials scientists and engineers together.
- Using virtual tools to promote education activities at all levels of U.S. Africa Materials research.
USAMI scientists have access to well equipped labs for doing work in cutting-edge areas such as nanomaterials and biomaterials. There are also labs for micro-testing, mechanical/tribological testing, materials characterization (IAC Labs) and micro-/nano-fabrication (PRISM clean room) and workstations for computational simulations/experiments. These facilities are available to USAMI fellows and students along with the resources at more participating universities in the U.S.*
The research themes focus on two broad areas: Advanced Materials and Structures, and Materials for Societal Development. In the area of Advanced Materials and Structures, the objective is to engage African and U.S. scientists in research and education activities that can advance the frontiers of nanoscience and biomaterials science. Ongoing activities in nanoscience include: studies of the mechanical and electrical properties of nanoscale thin films, MEMS contacts (adhesion and stiction phenomena) and novel low-cost methods for the fabrication of organic electronics.
In the area of biomaterials science, ongoing efforts include studies of multi-scale cell/surface interactions, and integrated efforts to develop BioMEMS and conjugated nanoparticles for disease detection and treatment. So far BioMEMS and conjugated nanoparticles have been developed for the detection and treatment of cancer. However, initial efforts are being made to extend these to other diseases such as FIV/HIV.
As for the research on materials for societal development is exploring new ways of using knowledge from materials science to develop affordable and holistic approaches to basic human needs such as housing, potable water and energy for cooking. New ways are also being explored to add value to African raw materials such as clays and aluminosilicates that are used extensively as refractory ceramics.
*Brown University, Columbia University, Harvard University, Howard University, Iowa State University, Lehigh University, Ohio State University, Rutgers University, University of Michigan, University of Tennessee, Yale University
© USAMI/Princeton University


text:
What is Possible, What is Reasonable, What is Best? SMACCGold
A thought provoking discussion on the prickly topic end of life care in critical care. How do we talk about advance care planning? How do we help people prepare for their death and make decisions about interventions when someone is palliative or even when people are really well?
A Meeting of the Tribes: Interprofessional Issues in Critical Care – DASSMACC Berlin 2017
"Meeting of the Tribes" brings together clinicians from a broad range of health professions–including medicine, nursing, social work, and physiotherapy–to explore interprofessional issues in critical care. In addition to their clinical work, panelists have unique perspectives on education, simulation, and resilience in healthcare. In discussing issues related to tribalism and their implications for interprofessional practice, we will explore what it will take to overcome a tribal mentality in the service of improved patient care. In this session, we will strive to: (a) present a snapshot of the status quo, (b) explore key issues and their implications for clinical practice, and (c) envision of future of enhanced interprofessional collaborative practice.
CRITICAL ILLNESS …..Heroes, Victims, Victors, Survivors? DASSMACC Berlin 2017
A powerful panel looking at decision making following head injuries and critical illness from the health professional and scientific viewpoints as well the amazing voice of two consumers who have lived through difficult tragedy and share their thoughts. This panel explores how health professionals can be conflicted around decision making. This panel's strength lies in the consumer voice as they talk about their vulnerability and fears and what was helpful and comforting in the worst days of their lives.


text:
The incidence of congenital anomalies of the uterus has generally been obtained from studies of women undergoing evaluation for infertility, and has been reported as 1-10%. However, the true incidence of uterine malformations is not known. This study reviews hysterosalpingograms obtained for evaluation of tubal closure after transcervical sterilization in normal multiparous women using methylcyanoacrylate and the FEMCEPT device. Of the 840 hysterosalpingograms studied, 16 congenital uterine anomalies were identified, for an incidence of 1.9%. The presence of anomalies in this population of women may more closely represent the incidence of congenital uterine anomalies in the general population.
(C) 1988 The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists


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SSL Pinning in Swift
Every Mobile application needs to retrieve information from the server to display it to the user. However, there can be some sensitive information shared between the application and the Server, for example, the username and password of the user.
With iOS 9, Apple provided App Transport Security (ATS), which forces the application to maintain a secure network connection by adopting HTTPS protocol and Transport layer security. This makes the application not communicate with a non-secure (http) connection. However, it is possible to bypass App Transport Security by setting up man-in-the-middle attacks that may use self-signed certificates. In this article, we will discuss how we can implement SSL pinning in iOS applications to secure network connections. We will also cover the basics of Transport Layer Security and man-in-the-middle attacks.
Transport Layer Security
Apple provides us App Transport Security (ATS), which allows us to transmit data over a secure (HTTPS) network by implementing Transport Layer Security (TLS). It enables us for the data sharing over a secure network in the following three steps.
 1. The connection is initiated from the client by sending the payload, which includes the supported version of TLS and cipher suite, which is being used for encryption. The Server sends the selected cipher suites and a digital certificate in the response, which is verified at the client's end whether the digital certificate is authentic or not.
 2. If the digital certificate is verified successfully at the client's end, then it generates a pre-master key encrypted with the Server's public key included in the certificate. The Server uses its private key to decrypt the secret, which is used to generate a master key.
 3. The client and server use plaintext encryption and cipher text decryption by using the private key.
In this process, the client trusts the digital certificate provided by the Server. A certificate works as identity proof for the Server. A certificate is a text file that contains the Server's information and follows X.509 standard. It must be signed by the trusted certificate authority.
Man-In-The-Middle Attack
In a man-in-the-middle attack, the attacker sets up an SSL proxy server to intercept the data being sent by the client to Server. The SSL proxy performs the encryption and decryption between the client and the Server. For example, Charles, which is a proxy server, works between the app and the Server and intercept the data for testing purpose. Charles works in the following phases.
 1. The data is encrypted at the application's end using Charles ProxyCertificate's public key instead of using Server's public key.
 2. Charles decrypts all the data with its private key and communicates with the Server with Server's public key. Here, any developer can read the data which is being sent by the app to Server.
SSL Pinning
SSL Pinning is a technique used in swift to prevent man-in-middle attacks. In this process, the app validates the Server's certificate again after the SSL handshaking. There is a local copy of trustful certificates maintained at the client's end and compare them with the Server's certificates at runtime. The connection is aborted in case if a mismatch between Server's certificates and local copy occurs.
One disadvantage of this technique is, it requires an app update whenever the pinned certificate expires. However, we can also violate this by also pinning future certificates in the application. Instead of pinning the whole certificate, we can use the hashed public key, which will be the same across the future certificates.
SSL Pinning is performed in the following two steps.
 1. The certificate's digital signature is validated first. The app may use any of the embedded root certificates, or we can supply our certificate.
 2. We must test the certificate against the trust policy.
To implement SSL Pinning in the iOS application, we need to have a SecTrust object, which will be prepared with one or more certificates and policy objects. The SecCertificate object is provided by Apple to represent a X.509 certificate. We can retrieve the certificate from a bundle by using the following code.
As we now have a certificate, we can prepare a policy or use a standard basic policy for X.509 certificates. Consider the following code to prepare a policy.
We can also create our policy by calling SecPolicyCreateSSL(_:_: ), which accepts Server (bool) and hostname.
Apple provides SecTrust object to validate both certificates and policies. Implement the following code to validate certificates and policies.
We need to evaluate the SecTrust that we receive during a network call with the policies and compare the certificate with the pinned certificate.
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Structure
When you create a new Sift, the command line tool redsift creates a skeleton project structure with placeholder files for all the major components. We'll deal with the details laters, but right now we'll focus on the main DAG configuration file sift.json.
The top level sections under dag that can be configured are inputs, nodes, exports and stores:
"dag": {
 "inputs": {},
 "nodes": [],
 "exports": {},
 "stores": {}
}
The following pages deal with these sections in detail.
Structure


guidance extension, and add a new class that inherits from ai.Guidance. You'll need to declare a few required methods and provide a corresponding method body for each:
 - update()
# filename: demo.guidance
var DemoGuidance = {
 #constructor
 new: func(autopilot){
 var m = { parents: [ai.Guidance] };
 return m;
 },
 # destructor
 del: func {},
 update: func {},
};
This will set up a corresponding child class implementing the required interface. In your demo.missile file you'd then merely include this file to make the class available.
Original Implementation
fox2.nas
The original missile system was made by Xiii. This file is fox2.nas, and it models part of the F-14B's complex weapons system, which is controlled by weapons.nas. The firing order is as follows.
 - weapons.nas creates a new missile instance using fox2.AIM9.new();.
 - The new missile searches for, and then locks onto, a target provided by the radar.
 - While locked, the position of the HUD locking diamond is updated so that it's over the target.
 - When the missile is told to release(), it calculates the position in lat/lon/alt from offsets in meters.
 - An update() loop starts, which runs a crude FDM.
 - The missile is guided by heading and pitch commands from the targets elevation and deviation from the missile.
 - The missile checks for an impact or a loss of lock.
 - If it detects an impact, it creates impact properties, which can be used Bombable to damage the target, and some other properties for the explosion animation. Also it displays the distance from the target when the missile exploded on the player screen. Optionally, this information can be displayed over Multiplayer.
Due to its OOP nature, fox2.nas can manage several independent missiles, each with its own target.
missile.nas
The evolution of fox2.nas is missile.nas. 5H1N0B1 generalized missile.nas and made it more generic than fox2.nas, and also added or changed some things.
 - Missiles specs are loaded from a nasal script. This allow different missiles of different specifications to be fired.
 - Missiles can be fired from a rail or dropped (although they aren't ejected yet).
 - Three new flight profile modes have been added.
 - A high-altitude cruise mode, for missiles like the AIM-54 Phoenix This is a link to a Wikipedia article.
 - A low-altitude cruise mode, for missiles like the Sea Eagle This is a link to a Wikipedia article.
 - Terrain-following mode, for missiles like the Storm Shadow This is a link to a Wikipedia article.
 - Anticipation of the next target position. This makes the missile more accurate.
 - Improved proximity detection
 - Maximum G-force limitation
 - The missile will not lose lock if the target goes out of the HUD. This better simulates "fire-and-forget" missiles.
Aircraft
Aircraft with a guided weapons implementation.
Aircraft using fox2.nas or fox2.nas-derived implementation
Aircraft File Notes
Grumman F-14 Tomcat fox2.nas None
Mirage 2000-5 missile.nas Evolution of fox2.nas
Saab JA-37 Viggen guided-missiles.nas Derived from fox2.nas
McDonell Douglas F-15 Eagle fox2.nas Derived from fox2.nas
BAe Sea Harrier FA2 missile.nas Derived from the Mirage 2000-5's missile.nas
Aircraft using another implementation
Aircraft File Notes
Boeing B-1B Lancer guide_to_target.nas None
Sukhoi Su-15 This is a link to the FlightGear forum. Unknown None
Brainstorming
From Bombable
Some stuff that could be reused from Bombable.
 - MP information transfer (although may be done via mp_broadcast.nas)
 - AI aircraft maneuvering code could be used for autopilots (or even virtual/ai pilots flying various maneuvers, which is the current use-case/focus).
Offset calculations
In $FG_ROOT/Nasal.tanker.nas, some calculations are made to determine whether the aircraft is in range and can therefore start refueling. These might be useful to set the correct offsets for missiles and other objects.
Firing order
The firing order should look like this:
 1. Detection
 2. Load management
 3. Firing order
 4. Release missile
 5. Update position
 6. Update loop starts
 1. Update guidance within missile capabilities
 2. Proximity detection
 3. Update position
Missile types
 - Unguided (ballistic missiles)
 - Guided
 - Engine type (solid rocket, ramjet, turbojet, none, etc.)
 - Target detection (radar, IR, laser, etc.)
 - Flightplan (high altitude cruise, terrain-following, etc.)
 - Terminal maneuver (staright in, climb & dive, etc.)
 - Launch (pylon, dropped, ejected)
 - Guidance method (proportional, bearing, lead-pursuit, etc.)
 - Fusing (delay, impact, proximity, etc.)
 - Physical (configuration, weight, etc.)
 - Other (e.g., newer missiles have all-aspect, off-boresight capabilities, while older missiles only have rear-aspect, direct-fire capabiltites.)
Evasion
Evasion/countermeasures should be integrated. ECM should be fairly easy, but IR countermeasures will be harder.
Systems
 - FDM
It would make sense to model this after the existing property interface supported by JSBSim/YASim, as that would mean that if/when AI objects can use actual FDMs, we'd have a straightforward migration path — i.e. using the existing convention of having /position, /velocities and /orientation nodes.
 - 3D model
Loading missile with smoke, without when out of fuel, and explosion. In the Mirage 2000-5's "missile.nas", the missile smoke and the explosion is generic. But 3 different 3D models are loaded at each step. Not the best way, but that was chosen to make it generic.
 - Guidance
Should be split into autopilot and "route manager". The guidance system would just expose an abstract interface so that custom heuristics can be implemented.
Related content
Wiki articles
Forum topics
External links
References
References
 1. ThomasS (Jun 2nd, 2017). Re: Ground services ! .
 2. Hooray (Sep 6th, 2016). Re: Sailing, anyone? .


method contains
Documentation for method contains assembled from the following types:
class Cool
From Cool
(Cool) method contains
Defined as:
method contains(Cool:D: |c)
Coerces the invocant Str, and calls Str.contains on it. Please refer to that version of the method for arguments and general syntax.
say 123.contains("2")# OUTPUT: «True␤»
Since Int is a subclass of Cool, 123 is coerced to a Str and then contains is called on it.
say (1,1* + * … * > 250).contains(233)# OUTPUT: «True␤»
Seqs are also subclasses of Cool, and they are stringified to a comma-separated form. In this case we are also using an Int, which is going to be stringified also; "233" is included in that sequence, so it returns True. Please note that this sequence is not lazy; the stringification of lazy sequences does not include each and every one of their components for obvious reasons.
class Str
From Str
(Str) method contains
Defined as:
multi method contains(Str:D: Cool:D $needle)
multi method contains(Str:D: Str:D $needle)
multi method contains(Str:D: Cool:D $needleInt(Cool:D$pos)
multi method contains(Str:D: Str:D $needleInt:D $pos)
Coerces the invocant (represented in the signature by Str:D: and first argument (which we are calling $needle) to Str (if it's not already, that is, the first and third multi), and searches for $needle in the string starting from $pos characters into the string. Returns True if $needle is found. $pos is an optional parameter, and if it's not present, contains will search from the beginning of the string (using the first two forms of the multi).
say <Hello, World>.contains('Hello'0); # OUTPUT: «True␤»
say "Hello, World".contains('Hello'); # OUTPUT: «True␤»
say "Hello, World".contains('hello'); # OUTPUT: «False␤»
say "Hello, World".contains('Hello'1); # OUTPUT: «False␤»
say "Hello, World".contains(','); # OUTPUT: «True␤»
say "Hello, World".contains(','3); # OUTPUT: «True␤»
say "Hello, World".contains(','10); # OUTPUT: «False␤»
In the first example, coertion is used to convert a List to a Str. In the 4th case, the 'Hello' string is not found since we have started looking at the second position in it (index 1). Note that because of how a List or Array is coerced into a Str, the results may sometimes be surprising. See traps.