and V components from each texture and combine them using the above formula into the output RGB values.
The key to optimizing the shader is to recognize that the GPU shader hardware is optimized for massively parallel operations and that many of the common operations used in 3D math are optimized down to a single cycle, and then reducing number of operations as much as possible.
Looking at the formula, it can be broken down into an offset for each of the YUV components, and then a multiply and add operation on each of them, which conveniently is how a dot product is defined. So, I simply create constants for each of the operations and put it all together!
varying vec2 tcoord;
uniform sampler2D tex0; // Y
uniform sampler2D tex1; // U
uniform sampler2D tex2; // V
// YUV offset
const vec3 offset = vec3(-0.0625, -0.5, -0.5);
// RGB coefficients
const vec3 Rcoeff = vec3(1.164, 0.000, 1.596);
const vec3 Gcoeff = vec3(1.164, -0.391, -0.813);
const vec3 Bcoeff = vec3(1.164, 2.018, 0.000);
void main()
 vec3 yuv, rgb;
 // Get the Y value
 yuv.x = texture2D(tex0, tcoord).r;
 // Get the U and V values
 tcoord *= 0.5;
 yuv.y = texture2D(tex1, tcoord).r;
 yuv.z = texture2D(tex2, tcoord).r;
 // Do the color transform
 yuv += offset;
 rgb.r = dot(yuv, Rcoeff);
 rgb.g = dot(yuv, Gcoeff);
 rgb.b = dot(yuv, Bcoeff);
 // That was easy. :)
 gl_FragColor = vec4(rgb, 1.0);
Now the test!
I used a 1024x1050 image, converted it to YV12 and then repeatedly updated a streaming texture and displayed it on the screen. I ran this test on a Mac Pro running Mac OS X using both MMX optimized software color conversion and OpenGL GLSL color conversion.
The code is available here:
SDL_RENDER_DRIVER=software./yuvspeedtest ~/bluemarble2k_big.bmp
Using software rendering
26.83 frames per second
SDL_RENDER_DRIVER=opengl./yuvspeedtest ~/bluemarble2k_big.bmp
Using opengl rendering
1040.53 frames per second
Using hardware shader acceleration got almost a 50x speedup!
Fifty times?! That's right...FIFTY! OMG!!!
Friday, February 11, 2011
Streaming textures with SDL 1.3
I was recently asked how to use streaming textures with SDL 1.3, and while it's very simple, I didn't actually find any documentation on how to do it, so here it is!
First, why would you use a streaming texture?
Static textures are designed for sprites and backgrounds and other images that don't change much. You update them with pixels using SDL_UpdateTexture().
Streaming textures are designed for things that update frequently, every few seconds, or every frame. You can also update them with SDL_UpdateTexture(), but for optimal performance you lock them, write the pixels, and then unlock them.
Conceptually they're very simple to use:
 1. Call SDL_CreateTexture() with the SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_STREAMING access type
 2. Call SDL_LockTexture() to get raw access to the pixels
 3. Do any pixel manipulation you want
 4. Call SDL_UnlockTexture()
 5. Use the texture in rendering normally.
You can specify any RGB/RGBA or YUV format you want and SDL or the hardware drivers will do the conversion for you on the back end if it's not supported. To get the best speed you'll probably want to create the texture in the first format listed in the renderer info, although at the time of this writing SDL_PIXELFORMAT_ARGB8888 is the optimal format for all renderers.
You might also want to create a surface from the texture pixels if you're doing old style blitting using other SDL surfaces. You can do this by creating a surface with no pixel data and then filling the pixel and pitch info in later:
texture = SDL_CreateTexture(renderer,
 width, height);
surface = SDL_CreateRGBSurfaceFrom(NULL,
 width, height,
 32, 0,
SDL_LockTexture(texture, NULL,
... draw to surface
I put together a very simple example based on the running moose by Mike Gorchak:
Tuesday, February 8, 2011
Fun with shaders!
I just added GLSL shaders to the SDL OpenGL rendering implementation.
On my hardware this ends up being about a 200-400 FPS increase in testsprite2:
4259.55 frames per second
4552.88 frames per second
I also got a modest increase with testsprite, using the old SDL 1.2 API:
1329.16 frames per second
1354.20 frames per second
Woot! :)
I also noticed there's not a single example of using shaders with SDL that has full source code, so I added one:
Enjoy! :)
Saturday, February 5, 2011
Texture Streaming Performance
In my recent SDL 1.3 update I made it possible for the old SDL 1.2 API to be accelerated using texture streaming.
On my system on Mac OS X and Linux, this doubled performance!
Mac OS X
 - SDL 1.2 testsprite: 514.22 FPS
 - SDL 1.3 testsprite texture streaming with OpenGL: 1259.62 FPS
 - SDL 1.3 testsprite2 (hardware accelerated): 3865.16 FPS
 - SDL 1.2 testsprite: 495.48 FPS
 - SDL 1.3 testsprite texture streaming with OpenGL: 1244.55 FPS
 - SDL 1.3 testsprite2 (hardware accelerated): 2556.85 FPS
On my system the Windows performance got worse!
 - SDL 1.2 testsprite using GDI: 1030.71 FPS
 - SDL 1.3 testsprite using GDI: 1077.81 FPS
 - SDL 1.3 testsprite texture streaming with OpenGL: 623.08 FPS
 - SDL 1.3 testsprite texture streaming with Direct3D: 233.97 FPS
 - SDL 1.3 testsprite2 (hardware accelerated with OpenGL): 3027.26 FPS
 - SDL 1.3 testsprite2 (hardware accelerated with Direct3D): 4259.48 FPS
Clearly the Windows GDI drivers are heavily optimized for 2D performance, but why is the Direct3D streaming performance so poor?
Here's what I'm doing for OpenGL:
 Texture format: GL_RGBA8, GL_BGRA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8_REV
 Texture update:
I'm not doing anything fancy with pixel buffer objects, I'm just making sure that my data is in the optimal format for processing by the OpenGL drivers.
Here's what I'm doing for Direct3D:
 Device Setup:
 pparams.BackBufferCount = 1;
 pparams.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
 pparams.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE;
 Texture create:
 device->CreateTexture(width, height, 1, D3DUSAGE_DYNAMIC, D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &texture, NULL);
 Texture update:
 texture->LockRect(0, &locked, NULL, D3DLOCK_DISCARD);
 device->DrawPrimitiveUP(D3DPT_TRIANGLEFAN, 2,
 vertices, sizeof(*vertices));
For those who are curious, the full code can be found here:
So... does anyone know how to improve Direct3D texture streaming performance?
Thursday, February 3, 2011
New SDL API changes
I've been quiet the last week working on a massive restructuring of the SDL rendering API. The result is a simpler, easier to use, and easier to port system.
Whew! Time to sleep! :)


text:
A comment is text that is written in a program only for the sake of humans that read the program, and that has no effect on the meaning of the program. In Lisp, a semicolon (';') starts a comment if it is not within a string or character constant. The comment continues to the end of line. The Lisp reader discards comments; they do not become part of the Lisp objects which represent the program within the Lisp system.
The '_TAG_' construct, which skips the next count characters, is useful for program-generated comments containing binary data. The Emacs Lisp byte compiler uses this in its output files (see Byte Compilation). It isn't meant for source files, however.
See Comment Tips, for conventions for formatting comments.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Abstract
The chemical reaction mechanism and fine particle generation during atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition with the tetraethylorthosilicate/ozone system were studied experimentally and theoretically for a flow-type vertical-tube reactor. For the thermal decomposition of ozone, numerical simulations obtained using reaction rate constants for a batch reactor explained experimental results well. The activation energy of chemical reaction between TEOS and the oxygen radical, O· was evaluated from the particle generation rate (2.18 × 105 J/mol). Particle population balance equations, based on the simplified reaction coagulation model, were coupled with equations for the thermal decomposition of ozone and chemical transformations of TEOS and solved numerically. Calculation results for particle number concentration and size agreed with experimental results for temperatures below 430 K. For temperatures above 430 K measured concentrations agreed well with calculated values, but measured sizes were significantly smaller than calculated sizes. Thermal desorption spectra from particles generated at 423 K revealed a peak from C2H4 at ∼ 800 K, presumably from ethoxy groups. This emission explains, at least in part, the observed decrease in particle size at high temperatures.


text:
Navigating the university system: The effects of Chinese and Indian graduate students' social networks on academic progression
MetadataShow full item record
Currently more than half a million international students are enrolled at U.S. colleges and universities. All of these students face challenges associated with integrating into their new host education environments and learning how to make their way through the rules and regulations of their host university and community.
Social network theories attribute behaviors to the structural and relational attributes of one's social network including access to resources and information. The social networks of most international students are insular, dense, and homogeneous and serve to reinforce cultural norms in the host society. Further, they provide little to no access to dissimilar others and limit information flow to redundant information.
China and India are the countries of origin of over 20% of U.S. international students. The goal of this research was to understand the constructs of the Chinese and Indian students' social networks and ascertain factors affecting satisfaction and influencing academic progression. Support related to making their way through the university system and residing in the host community framed the social networks. Among the variables studied were tie strength, homogeneity, and roles and relationships of network members.
Results indicated that while significant differences existed within the Chinese and Indian student populations, their networks contained many similarities. Males' networks were more homogeneous and dense than females' networks and weak links were more prevalent in females' networks. Chinese males had the most insular networks. The networks of Indian students and Chinese females were in many cases more similar with one another and different from those of Chinese males. Network members were predominately friends and most were students. University faculty and staff were present in only 12% of Chinese males' networks and at least 25% of all other groups.
Not all students were satisfied that their networks met their needs. Despite having the largest networks, Chinese students wanted even larger networks. Just under half of Indian students wanted larger networks. Universally, students indicated their networks enabled academic progression and Chinese females rated their networks more effective than all others. Despite significant differences among and between the populations, the students were able to invoke effective networks enabling academic progression.
- Doctoral Dissertations

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Use an Event Alert for extra preparation
This feature can be helpful for any meetings, conference calls, projects, upcoming trips or other activities that you feel will need a little extra preparation beforehand. Schedule it in so much time before the event and you'll automatically receive an email at that time, along with any notes or instructions you've left for yourself. This can be set in either minutes, hours, days or weeks before the event, here's a few examples of where this can be beneficial:
Use this one for events that might need some last minute preparation, checking to see any recent changes.
 - Schedule an alert 10 minutes before a conference call or scheduled webcam, to put together any content, presentations or other materials you're expecting to go through.
 - Set one 30 minutes before going to an appointment in your neighborhood, such as going to a hair stylist, doctor or other scheduled appointment.
 - Have one 10 to 30 minutes before meeting up with someone, such as getting together at a coffee shop, pub or restaurant.
This can be helpful for events that need a little extra preparation but are still on the same day of the event.
 - A meeting or appointment across town or somewhere that can take a little longer to get to. Schedule a reminder for anything needed to bring or checking logistics before leaving.
 - If you're planning on going to an evening event, such as a concert or show, schedule an alert for a few hours ahead of time, appropriate for picking people up, traffic, bus or train schedules and anything else before it starts.
 - If you have a meeting with an important customer, schedule it a few hours beforehand to adequately prepare.
For larger events, trips or projects being planned.
 - If leaving on an extended trip, create an alert for things to be done while you're gone, such as picking up your mail, having someone to take care of a pet or watching your place.
 - If attending or presenting at a larger event or conference, set up an alert for last minute preparations such as brochures or fliers being printed or confirming who will be there to help out.
 - If planning for a group project on the weekend, create an alert on a Wednesday or Thursday to pick up anything needed.
This can be useful for annual events, larger projects or more extended trips.
 - If you have a quarterly or annual summary to put together, schedule the alert a few weeks ahead of time, helpful for more thorough preparation.
 - A birthday or anniversary with someone close to you, to give time to pick up an appropriate gift or organize a surprise party.
 - If visiting another country, set a reminder a few weeks or more beforehand to take care of updating your passport, getting a visa, confirming hotels or other plans needed for your trip.
In summary, you can use the event alerts in lots of ways any time a little extra preparation is needed for an upcoming event. This feature is part of the Premium subscription plan and will automatically be available whenever an upgrade from Basic is made.
Learn more about the events application, including the features, alerts overview, viewing options, FAQs and other relevant blogs.
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The Vergulde Draeck wreck, 1656
The Vergulde Draeck wreck, 1656
A jug, silver coins, cannon ball and ballast brick.
Photos: George Serras.
This jug, ballast brick, cannon ball and silver coinage were excavated from the wreck of the Dutch trading ship, Vergulde Draeck (Gilt Dragon), which struck a reef off the coast of western Australia in 1656.
On its second spice-trading voyage to Batavia (Jakarta) in 1656 the Draeck sailed too far east and struck a reef off the coast of western Australia. Seventy three survivors (from a crew of 193 people) reached the shore in two small boats. Seven men made the voyage to Java nearly 2600 km to the north and raised the alarm, but numerous rescue missions could find no trace of the castaways.
The wreck of the Vergulde Draeck was eventually found in 1963 by 16-year-old Graeme Henderson who was accompanied at the time by his father Jim, brother Alan, John Cowan and Ellis Alan Robinson. When the contents of the ship were finally raised, the items shown were given as a gift to Prime Minister Robert Menzies.
A diver under water holding an astrolabe.
Diver Geoff Kimpton with an astrolabe from the Vergulde Draeck shipwreck during the Western Australian Museum's investigation of the site.
Courtesy: Western Australian Museum.


The manchineel tree ("Hippomane mancinella") is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family. It is native to the Caribbean, the U.S. state of Florida, The Bahamas, Mexico, Central America, and northern South America.
The name "manchineel" (sometimes written "manchioneel") as well as the specific epithet "mancinella" is from Spanish manzanilla ("little apple"), from the superficial resemblance of its fruit and leaves to those of an apple tree. A present-day Spanish name is "manzanilla de la muerte", "little apple of death". This refers to the fact that manchineel is one of the most dangerous trees in the world. Manchineel is also known as "the beach apple".
All parts of the tree contain strong toxins, some unidentified. Its milky white sap contains phorbol and other skin irritants, producing strong allergic contact dermatitis.Standing beneath the tree during rain will cause blistering of the skin from mere contact with this liquid (even a small drop of rain with the milky substance in it will cause the skin to blister). The sap has also been known to damage the paint on cars Burning the tree may cause ocular injuries if the smoke reaches the eyes.
The fruit is possibly fatal if eaten.
More Info:


text:
This set of Surveying Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on "Tunnelling".
1. Tunneling is required in case of ____________
a) Laying pavement
b) Laying road
c) On ground passage
d) Underground passage
Explanation: Tunnel can be defined as artificial underground passage, which is created for different purposes. It is required in case of highways, railways, sewerage and water supply.
2. The line at which the tunnel wall breaks from sloping outward can be given as _________
a) Spring line
b) Oval line
c) Centre line
d) Middle line
Explanation: Spring line is determined as the line at which the wall breaks from sloping outward to sloping inward toward the crown. This acts as a barrier between the outward and inward regions.
3. Which of the following should be considered while aligning a tunnel?
a) Atmospheric conditions
b) Hydrological conditions
c) Climatic conditions
d) Surface limits
Explanation: The determination of the alignment for tunnel can be done based on geological and hydrological conditions, cross-section and length of the continuous tunnel, time of consideration and limit of the surface.
4. Among the following, which doesn't belong to tunnel classification?
a) Firm ground
b) Running ground
c) Rocky ground
d) Soft ground
Explanation: Tunneling has been classified based on the type of strata present. It includes firm ground, soft ground and running ground. These will determine the bearing capacity of the soil.
5. Which method can be adopted if full face excavation is not possible?
a) Back bearing method
Explanation: In case of no possibility of full face excavation, top heading method is adopted for having a better output. Benching process is also adopted for digging small tunnels.
6. Among the following, which can be adopted for providing support for soft strata?
a) Bents of aluminum
b) Bents of iridium
c) Bents of steel
d) Bents of plastic
Explanation: The provision of soft strata must be done for withstanding the excavation. It can be provided by bents of wood, bents of steel, liner plates and poling, which are placed to retain material between the adjacent bents.
7. A steel cylinder which is pushed in the soft soil is determined as ________
a) Jar born
Explanation: In the case of soft grounds, the tunneling can be dangerous and cave-ins are common. To prevent this, an iron or steel cylindrical element called shield is placed in the soft soil, which can crave the hole perfectly.
8. Which method can be adopted in case of rock tunneling?
a) Full face method
d) Back bearing method
Explanation: Rock tunneling involves the same principle as of the tunneling in the ground. Those include full face method, top heading method and drift method. Based on the conditions of the area, these can be adopted.
9. Which of the following can act as an alternative for blasting?
b) Continuous blasting
c) Sequential blasting
Explanation: Blasting is the conventional method which is adopted in case of rock tunneling. In the case of fire-setting, tunnel is heated with fire and then cooled with water. Rapid expansion and contraction weakens and rock and tends to break.
10. Which of the following involves in the sequence of rocky strata?
a) Marking profile
b) Placing rocks
c) Improving foul gases
d) Recording values
Explanation: Rocky strata involve usage of blasting method for developing tunnels. The sequence contains marking profile, loading explosive, removing foul gases, checking, scaling, mucking and bolting.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Surveying.
To practice all areas of Surveying, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


11 Replies Latest reply: May 7, 2012 10:18 AM by [Jongware] RSS
 Paragraph rule
 Hi All,
 Is it possible to add a rule above or below my selected paragraph in the documents through Javascript?
 In my document I require rule to cover whole paragraph (paragraph lines varies in the document) in selected paragraph style sheet named QUOTE.
 See example below:
 Screen shot 2012-05-03 at 4.55.01 PM.png
 Please provide the JS code.
 - 1. Re: Paragraph rule
 Dave Saunders Community Member
 Yes it is possible, although you need to answer the question: what do you want to do at column/page breaks? Your described techique won't work there.
 But you seem to be expecting some kind soul to just write a script for you. That might happen, but most people needing a script who aren't prepared to write one themselves would look to hire someone to do the work for them.
 Good luck.
 - 2. Re: Paragraph rule
 kerosk_inddNew Community Member
 I will do it manually. But need to apply pagragraph rule globally in document.
 I write below code but don't know how to calculate paragraph height in paragraph length.
 If anybody has done this before please add the required code in my below JS code.
 var myDoc=app.activeDocument
 var myRule=myDoc.paragraphStyles.item("QUOTE")
 with (myRule)
 - 3. Re: Paragraph rule
 [Jongware] MVP
 You can use the text baseline for that: _URL_
 Read the baseline for the first and the last line. The difference between these is the exact "height" of the paragraph, usually a multiple of its leading (1). Calculate this in points to immediately feed the value into RuleBelowWeight. You'll have to manually find the difference to shift down, but I think you only need to do this once.
 (1) If all of your paragraph text uses the same leading, this would simply be
 someParagraph.lines.length * someParagraph.leading;
 -- but not if it's set to Auto, though (still possible but then you'd use autoLeading and pointSize instead).
 ... Why are you changing your paragraph style in your sample? Are all of your "QUOTE" paragraphs exactly the same amount of lines?
 - 4. Re: Paragraph rule
 -hansCommunity Member
 you may have a look at _URL_
 ... cause you'll run into problems scripting "column/page breaks" (as Mr. Saunders mentioned above)
 - 5. Re: Paragraph rule
 kerosk_inddNew Community Member
 Thanks, Jongware for your suggestion. You are really a master.
 I don't have advanced knowledge of Javascript. I am trying your suggestion but couldn't get any positive result.
 QUOTE paragraphs are different amount of lines. Looking for ready JS code.
 - 6. Re: Paragraph rule
 [Jongware] MVP
 kerosk_inddNew wrote:
 QUOTE paragraphs are different amount of lines.
 Yeah I realize that, but you suggested changing the paragraph style, so they would all be the same.
 Looking for ready JS code.
 alert ('height of this paragraph is '+
 (app.selection[0].paragraphs[0].lines[-1].baseline - app.selection[0].paragraphs[0].lines[0].baseline)+
 'in your current vertical measurement units');
 This measures from the first baseline to the last, so it's one line "short" so you should add your leading to it. (I couldn't test this because my leading is set to "Auto", but it's easy enough.)
 As the alert says, this is in your current measurement units. To set the line weight, you need one of two: either a string of the value plus its measurement unit ("20 mm") or a numerical value (which would be in points). If you are not already working in points, you have to somehow construct this value. You could either try out the infernal function UnitValue (which I personally have given up on), or simply temporarily set verticalMeasurementUnits to POINTS, measure, then reset it to what it was.
 - 7. Re: Paragraph rule
 -hansCommunity Member
 this should basically do the job... column/page breaks are not considered.
 Cycles thru the stories of the document to find a certain pStyle, modifies the existing rule below.
 It's not perfect ;-)
 var pStyleName, myDoc, mUnits, myStories, myStory, myParagraphs, myParagraph, offsetWeight, toAdd, s, p
 pStyleName = 'quote' //the paragraphstyle to look for...
 myDoc = app.activeDocument;
 mUnits = [myDoc.viewPreferences.horizontalMeasurementUnits, myDoc.viewPreferences.verticalMeasurementUnits];
 myStories = myDoc.stories;
 toAdd = 8; //to add to lineweight in pt; space above and below
 function main()
 setViewPrefs([MeasurementUnits.points, MeasurementUnits.points]);
 function setViewPrefs(units)
 horizontalMeasurementUnits = units[0];
 verticalMeasurementUnits = units[1];
 function cycleThruStories(docStories)
 for(s = 0; s < docStories.length; s++)
 myParagraphs = docStories[s].paragraphs;
 for(p = 0; p< myParagraphs.length; p++)
 myParagraph = myParagraphs[p];
 if(myParagraph.appliedParagraphStyle.name === pStyleName)
 offsetWeight = (myParagraph.lines[-1].baseline - myParagraph.lines[0].baseline) + myParagraph.pointSize + toAdd;
 ruleBelowOffset = -(offsetWeight - toAdd/5*3.5); //- toAdd/5*3.5 bit more or less space? ;-)
 - 8. Re: Paragraph rule
 kerosk_inddNew Community Member
 Thanks for the answer, Hans.
 I have tried this code but it is giving error (The property is not applicable in the current state.). See screenshot attached.
 I am unable to rectify this error. Please help.
 - 9. Re: Paragraph rule
 -hansCommunity Member
 if you can't get'myParagraph.lines[-1].baseline' then you probably have a overflow of the paragraph in the text frame (shown as a red '+')... and so it's not possible to get / calculate a position.
 you can ignore it by try catch or write a function to calculate from the last line in the textframe in that case.
 have a nice day
 Hans-Gerd Claßen
 - 10. Re: Paragraph rule
 kerosk_inddNew Community Member
 Thank you so much, Hans. It is working. The script does not apply rule below on quote paragraph style if text is flowing on one page to next page.
 Thanks once again for your support.
 - 11. Re: Paragraph rule
 [Jongware] MVP
 That was mentioned right away as a flaw of this method... Did you check out dtputils' plugin? That adds it as a paragraph attribute, as Adobe should've done long ago.


New Israeli study exposes coded language used by anti-semites on social media
March 2, 2021 by TPS
Read on for article
Anti-Semites are employing the use of a secret language, or "dog whistles," to evade detection by algorithms on social media tracking anti-Semitism, posing challenges to law enforcement and social media platforms, a University of Haifa study has revealed.
Candles shaped as the Star of David at the ceremony marking the Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Day (Yom Hashoa), at Hadassah Medical Center in Jerusalem. Jerusalem, May 2, 2019. Photo by Avigail Eyal/TPS
The new study, authored by Dr Gabriel Weimann, a professor of communication at the University of Haifa and web intelligence analyst Ari Ben-Am, has revealed the existence of a new coded language on social media being used by anti-Semitic groups to fly under the radar of artificial intelligence-designed algorithms.
This sophisticated language, which is used for both propaganda and recruitment purposes, is hidden in plain sight and encourages violent incidents like the Christchurch shooting in New Zealand or the January Capitol Hill riots in Washington D.C.
The study explores the emergence of this new language, its characteristics, transmission, and usage, and its findings are intended to serve both law enforcement and private sector hi-tech organizations in their quest to combat hate speech online.
Given the popularity of the platform, the study focused primarily on images and messages disseminated on Facebook.
Posts used for the analysis were identified qualitatively after scanning hundreds of relevant groups and pages, eventually reaching a smaller sample of tens of pages with a minimum of 500 followers or likes as an initial seed group.
Much of this coded language, the study found, was shown to rely on the use of "dog-whistles," a coded message communicated through words or phrases commonly understood by a particular group of people, but not by others.
The method could be as simple as swapping one word for another such as far-right users calling Jews "Skypes," African-Americans as "Googles" and Latinos as "Yahoos."
Some tactics to disguise the anti-Semitic communications use numerology where numbers stand for people or concepts. The number 88, for example, stands for "Heil Hitler," since H is the eighth letter in the alphabet.
Finally, the language also employed visual cues often by manipulating already popular memes found in pop culture. This method is by far the most sophisticated one as an algorithm's ability to detect hate speech within an image is still limited.
Weimann is working on a comprehensive glossary of terms chronicling instances of this coded language and what it means, and hopes this study will encourage law enforcement and hi-tech companies to be more vigilant and aware that their algorithms are not the be-all and end-all of ending hate speech.
"It's clear that security, counter-terrorism, and government agencies, as well as social media platforms, are doing much to crack down on abuse," Weimann said.
However, "we need to educate the operators of these companies that run social media platforms to report these violations and also teach their users how to spot them. A human eye is still much savvier than a computer-generated algorithm," he said.
So successful is this new language based on numbers, acronyms, and hidden images, that it has driven the formation of alternative social media sites such as Gab, Bitchute, and imageboards such as 4Chan, 8Chan, and Neinchan.
"While this is purely an academic study, it has real-world implications," Weimann added. "Being Internet savvy and understanding what you're seeing online is important. We need to learn what they do, slow them down, and reduce their activity and efficiency. Words kill even if in a new language."
Speak Your Mind
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 Rules on posting comments


text:
How Old Are You? (8/3/12)
If we did not know our age, some of us would appear to be very young, and some of us would seem very old.
Sometimes, people use age as a convenient excuse. "I'm too old to start something new", or, "I couldn't learn that at my age." Other people, though, go on to achieve their greatest accomplishments in life in later years.
Take, for example, Colonel Harland Sanders who started franchising his chicken outlets when he was 65 years old. Up to the age of 90 years old he traveled 250,000 miles a year visiting KFC franchises. He not only overcame personal and business adversities, but more importantly, he didn't let age stand in his way!
Feelings lead to attitudes, attitudes become beliefs, and beliefs become the basis for actions.
It is not important how old you are;
it is how you feel, how you think,
and what you do that is important.
To quote Satchel Paige, "How old would you be if you didn't know how old you was?"


An introduction to mechanized reasoning
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
Colleges, School and Institutes
Mechanized reasoning uses computers to verify proofs and to help discover new theorems. Computer scientists have applied mechanized reasoning to economic problems but–to date–this work has not yet been properly presented in economics journals. We introduce mechanized reasoning to economists in three ways. First, we introduce mechanized reasoning in general, describing both the techniques and their successful applications. Second, we explain how mechanized reasoning has been applied to economic problems, concentrating on the two domains that have attracted the most attention: social choice theory and auction theory. Finally, we present a detailed example of mechanized reasoning in practice by means of a proof of Vickrey's familiar theorem on second-price auctions.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)26-39
Number of pages14
JournalJournal of Mathematical Economics
Early online date18 Jul 2016
Publication statusPublished - Oct 2016
 - mechanized reasoning, formal methods, social choice theory, auction theory


text:
The aim of the study is to reveal the effect of digital comics material on students'
academic success, their views on distance education, course and digital comics.
In the study conducted during the 2019-2020 academic year and the pandemic,
digital comics material was created in the Pixton design program for the aim of
the acquisition of "different management styles in terms of basic principles of
democracy," in the learning area of active citizenship in the 6th grade Social
Studies curriculum. It is known that the comic book, which has no time and place
limits, provides easy and fast access to information, prepared within the
framework of distance education, provides motivation to individuals and
increases interest in the course in accordance with psycho-social development.
The study was designed as a mixed method. The quantitative dimension of the
research was designed as a single group experimental study and the prepared
academic achievement test was applied before and after the study. In the
qualitative dimension, phenomenology was applied and the data were collected
through audio-recorded interviewing. The quantitative study group of the
research consists of 10 students, and the qualitative phase consists of 5 students.
The obtained data were analyzed through the statistical program in the
quantitative phase and content analysis in the qualitative dimension. As a result
of the research, it was concluded that the use of digital comics in distance
education increases the success and helps to develop positive behaviors towards


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Techakids students have an opportunity to create their very own website during our classes. In addition, we include graphic design, video editing / production and social media marketing as part of our discussion and implementation. Techakids' project based web design activity focuses on how real business can use the website to show their customers and potential customers as well on strategies to promote their internet presence through social media channels such as Facebook,
Techakids proudly introduced robotic engineering to our students on March 2016. The robot design, computer programming and project based learning gave our students an oppurtinity on STEM based learning right after school.


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MODERN CHINA'S BARRIER TO SUSTAINABLE WATER: A GLOBALIZED PERSPECTIVE
AuthorKusy, Annalise Nicole
AdvisorOñate, Andrés D.
MetadataShow full item record
PublisherThe University of Arizona.
RightsCopyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author.
AbstractIn modern China, environmental deterioration quickly transforms into one of the country's most severe problems. Despite pressures of modernization on water resources, reforms and policies unsuccessfully manage this crisis. The lack of genuinely productive actions towards a Chinese ecological civilization traces back to the tension between environmental protectionism and economic growth. The majority of literature on Chinese environmental policy does not consider the influence of globalizing forces on governing bodies. Thus, this research analyzes these gaps in Chinese environmental protection from globalization, a catalyst for China's lacking environmental infrastructure. Here, environmental science, history, policy, and globalization synthesize into a holistic perspective on Chinese water issues. The study finds that mainstream free-trade economic globalization is China's most significant barrier to sustainable water. Historical causations of China's opening-up, foreign environmental implications, and currently operational ineffective environmental protection policy illustrate this barrier. Although this research finds current practices of economic globalization to be ineffective in maintaining a sustainable world, David Boje offers his Mother Earth Economy as an alternative. Overall, the conclusions drawn about China's environmental degradation apply to global environmental degradation. The whole world would do well to be wary of the implications of unchecked globalization on a sustainable future.
Degree ProgramGlobal Studies


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The School of Data Science and Society (SDSS) at UNC-Chapel Hill is excited to announce an open rank tenure and/or tenure-track faculty hiring initiative for several positions to bolster research and innovation in the emerging field of data science. While we welcome applications from all exceptional candidates whose expertise in the field relies on a human-centric approach to researching the entire data life cycle, we are particularly interested in applicants who conduct research at the intersection of the rapidly evolving fields of artificial intelligence (AI) and health, broadly defined. Candidates must have a Ph.D. and/or MD with expertise in artificial intelligence/machine learning, data science, computer science, statistics or a related field that applies AI and data science techniques.
Faculty responsibilities include engaging in high-quality interdisciplinary research; publishing research findings in top-tier journals and presenting work at national and international conferences; teaching undergraduate and graduate courses in data science, data analytics, machine learning, statistics and related areas; mentoring and supervising graduate students as well as provide guidance to undergraduate researchers; participate actively in interdisciplinary collaborations within the school, across the University, and beyond; contribute to the growth and development of the school by collaborating with industry partners, professional organizations, and community stakeholders; and engage in service within the University and contribute to the broader academic community.
We will continue accepting applications until the position closes on April 19. Visit _URL_ to apply. All faculty candidates must apply online and submit a cover letter and resume. The "other document" in the list of required documents to be submitted is a teaching statement and a research statement, combined in one document. Please enter contact information for at least four reference letter writers where indicated and they will receive an email with instructions for submitting letters of recommendation.
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is an equal opportunity and affirmative action employer. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to age, color, disability, gender, gender expression, gender identity, genetic information, national origin, race, religion, sex, sexual orientation, or status as a protected veteran.
The School of Data Science and Society (SDSS) is a part of the University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill located in North Carolina. Established in 2022, its mission is to serve the state, the nation, and the world with premier data science educational programs and unique, collaborative research programs directed to advance the public good. SDSS will lead by shaping the emerging field of data science with a human-centric approach to the entire data life cycle. It envisions a world made healthy, safe, and prosperous for all through data-informed decisions.


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message is transformed before propagating it to the destination queue.
An ordered set of data elements. All elements of a given array are of the same datatype. Each element has an index, which is a number corresponding to the element's position in the array. The number of elements in an array is the size of the array. Oracle Database allows arrays to be of variable size.
A special character or character sequence which matches any character in a string comparison.


text: Two-phase flows of distilled deionized nanofiltered water and nitrogen gas in a microchannel with a height of 50 μm and a width of 10 mm have been investigated experimentally. The schlieren method has been used to determine main features of the two-phase flow in the microchannel. This method allows detecting the liquid film on the lower and upper walls of the microchannel as well as droplets of various shapes and sizes or vertical liquid bridges. Two-phase flow regimes have been observed, and their boundaries precisely determined using post-processing of the recordings. The following flow regimes have been distinguished: bubble, churn, jet, stratified and annular. Comparison of regime maps for channels of different widths has been carried out, and this parameter showed to have a significant impact on the boundaries between the regimes in microchannels of a height of less than 100 μm.


A subspace of $\mathbb R^n$ is compact if and only if it is closed and bounded in the Eulidean Metric or Square Metric or $l_1$ metric.
Is my statement correct?
Actually the statement - "A subspace of $\mathbb R^n$ is compact iff it is closed and bounded in the Euclidean Metric or Square Metric" was given in Mukresh. I think closed and bounded set in the $l_1$ metric would also be compact. As the topologies of three are same.
Am I correct? Please correct me if I am wrong.
 - 3
 $\begingroup$ Yes, the $\ell_1$ metric is equivalent to the euclidean metric. This follows from simple arithmetic inequalities. Moreover, there is only one norm-induced topology on R^n. $\endgroup$ – Lorenzo Quarisa Apr 8 '18 at 12:45
 - $\begingroup$ I did not get you _USER_...All I want to know is whether my statement is correct or not. $\endgroup$ – cmi Apr 8 '18 at 12:50
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ The only compact subspace of $\mathbb R^n$ is the trivial subspace (consisting solely of the zero vector, one point). I'm concerned that you meant to ask about characterizing which subsets of $\mathbb R^n$ are compact rather than which subspaces are compact. But the statement is true (what applies to all subsets certainly applies to subspaces). $\endgroup$ – hardmath Apr 8 '18 at 12:56
 - $\begingroup$ yes..You are correct..But why Mukresh used Subspace?_USER_ $\endgroup$ – cmi Apr 8 '18 at 12:59
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ Context matters. If one speaks of Euclidean space $\mathbb R^n$, most often one is thinking about it as a vector space that has a topology. In a general topology text one may instead think of the subsets of a topological spaces as inheriting a subspace topology, so I'm open to the author using "subspace" to mean topological subspace rather than vector subspace. $\endgroup$ – hardmath Apr 8 '18 at 13:04
As the topologies induced by the $\ell_1, \ell_2$ and $\ell_\infty$ metric are the same on $\mathbb{R}^n$, closedness under one of them is equivalent to closedness under any other of them.
Also, all these metrics are related by inequalities:
$d_1(x,y) \le d_2(x,y) \le \sqrt{n} d_\infty(x,y); d_\infty(x,y) \le d_1(x,y)$ etc. so that boundedness in one of them also implies boundedness in all others.
So the compactness characterisation holds in all 3 of the metrics, in fact in any metric derived from a norm. The topology being the same is not enough, as the truncated metric $d_{t}(x,y) = \min(d(x,y), 1)$ induces the same topology as $d$ does, but in $d_t$ all sets are bounded, while this need not hold for $d$. So one does require an argument to see that the combination of closedness and boundedness for a specific metric is preserved.
Your Answer


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Rotational moulding, referred to as rotomolding, is actually a thermoplastic moulding strategy that works well for huge, one-bit hollow items and dual-walled open storage containers like tanks, kayaks, and coolers. It is actually most cost-effective for every year manufacturing figures fewer than 3,000, rendering it ideal for innovators, start off-ups, and modest businesses. Rotomolding is frequently utilized for products with good-high quality coatings, homogeneous wall surface thicknesses, and excellent steadiness. Inserts and whirl weld devices may be directly in the rotomold, and foaming can be employed to produce energy heat retaining material and solidity. As opposed to contending methods like blow moulding and thermoforming, rotomolding results in no crunch-off seams or weld facial lines, resulting in a final product which Rotomolding does not require further functions.
-Reduced-charge tooling: As a result of very low running demands, rotomold tooling could be made out of lower-cost metals such as aluminium.
-Higher stableness: Since the moulding materials will not be subjected to additional tension, it can be more secure as well as the probability of faults within the accomplished item is lessened.
-Higher durability: rotomolding makes fuller edges, which minimizes the risk of malfunction at these pressure-attention sites.
-Substantial cycle instances: rotomolding may take up to three hours to perform one piece at eight rotations per minute.
-Fabric possibilities are minimal: unprocessed components used in rotomolding must be easily changed from granules into a good natural powder and should be thermally stable, limiting material choice to poly-dependent resins.
-High labour costs: rotomolding has yet to obtain mechanisation and automation, necessitating a higher work power than related manufacturing approaches.
As a result of low-strain, high-heat character from the method, rotomold tooling is usually made up of a smooth aluminum including aluminium, and the majority of the resin used is polyethylene due to its little chemical substance breakdown when exposed to high warmth. Inserts, ribs, kiss-offs, undercuts, and foam reinforcements are often integrated into the aspect during the moulding procedure or supplementary handling.


Roman Food Storage Jar
Roman Food Storage Jar
Roman Food Storage Jar
Roman Food Storage Jar
Roman Food Storage Jar
Shipping calculated at checkout.
This simple but functional Roman food storage jar is based on one found during excavations at Nottingham. Plain ceramic vessels such as this would have been widely used in kitchens across the Roman Empire, on a daily basis.
Earthenware, terracotta
Approx. 205 mm tall, 120 mm diameter
This replica Roman pot has been hand made in Northumberland by Potted History, inspired by original artefacts. It has been wood fired to emulate authentic the original Roman firing conditions, to a temperature of between 800°C & 1000°C. This process often results in variations of the surface colour and texture, emulating original Roman Pottery and giving each pot it's unique character.
Health and Safety
This is a Museum Quality Replica made using the tools and techniques that would have been used during the Roman era. As this is an unglazed pot with a porous surface it will absorb some of the flavours during us, which does add to the flavour of future dishes. However, it does also mean that this pot does not meet modern Health and Safety standards and therefore we do not advise that it is used for food storage with. When the Romans cooked in ceramic pots they would rely on applying sufficient heat to the pot and contents to ensure that all bacteria was killed. Heating to over 70°C for at least 10 minutes would have killed most disease causing bacteria and temperatures of 100°C would do even more.


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Various factors like climate change and population increase have limited water management evaluation. In South Korea particularly, although the management of water quality and water quantity has recently been integrated, a comprehensive policy has not yet been identified. This study, therefore, aims to propose a methodology for evaluating water social service for 18 basins near major water resources in South Korea. It aims to promote advanced water resource management, secure water equity, and improve inadequate policy implementation. In addition, it proposes a methodology for comprehensive water management evaluation linked with integrated river evaluation with respect to water quality and water quantity. Accordingly, contrary to the common assumption that the entire population has easy access to the supplied water, the status of water service was assessed objectively. The status of water management per sector was also visually represented, through which the vulnerabilities of water management could be intuitively diagnosed. Based on the possibility of utilizing the study results to determine the basic direction for water management, the methodology of this study has been proposed as a tool for establishing an efficient water management policy.
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited


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For the past 25 years, Japanese women have held the record for longest living women worldwide. Namely, the average lifespan of these women is 84!
Despite living longer than all other women in the world, Japanese women seem to look the youngest, and somehow succeed to resist to the natural process of aging. Fortunately, you can finally try their secret to longevity and beauty!
The book "Japanese women don't get old or fat", by the Japanese writer, Naomi Moriyama, reveals the secrets of the Japanese kitchen and remedies to remain young-looking and healthy.
She claims that the traditional Japanese cuisine uses foods that prevent aging, health issues, and weight gain. The daily consumption of these foods, such as fruits, rice, fish, seaweed, vegetables, green tea, and soy, leads to weight management and aging prevention.
Japanese people regularly consume home cooked meals, which include soup, fruits, grilled fish, a bowl of rice, cooked vegetables, and green tea.
They really enjoy fish, and actually, consume about 10% of all fish consumed around the world, and they account for only 2% of the world population.
Moriyama also claims that Japanese children learn the rules of a healthy diet since very young, they appreciate the food and eat slowly. Also, each food is separately served, and people are not allowed to eat huge portions or to fill up their bowls. This cuisine is quite simple, and meals are slowly prepared, usually steamed or grilled.
All meals have rice as a side meal, as a bread replacement, and this is one of the biggest differences between their and our eating habits.
Japanese believe the breakfast is the essential daily meal, and it consists of numerous foods and drinks, like fish, omelet, soup, tofu, seaweed, steamed rice, young garlic, and green tea.
They avoid sugary foods, and if served, have a small portion. Women are aware of the negative effects of the intake of sweet foods like cakes, ice-cream, and chocolate on the overall health, so they rarely eat them.
The conclusion of the author at the end of the book explains the importance of physical activity as well:
"Exercise is a part of the daily routine in Japan and in order to maintain a healthy lifestyle, they built an entire culture of biking, walking and hiking."


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Does your child have difficulty with activities that require coordination and balance? Do they often bump into things or are "clumsy" in general? It may be because of today's reflex: The Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex! This reflex helps a child build their core muscles and is part of the reason why tummy time is so important! Without enough tummy time, some children will retain this reflex instead of integrating it and will have trouble with coordination and spatial awareness especially! They may also have a hard time with sequencing activities, like telling a story in order, or memorizing things like the days of the week, the alphabet in the right order, and organizing things into the right categories. Retaining this reflex also causes poor core stability and so these kids may have trouble with posture and balance.
So, what if your child still has this reflex? Did you know you can FIX this? It's easy and fun with our primitive reflex exercises! If you're interested in learning more, check out our parent workshops! We'd love to help!


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是用绕成螺纹旋形的热双金属片作感温元件，并将它装在保护套内，一端固定（固定端），另一端（自由端）连接在一根细轴上， The bimetal thermometer uses a hot bimetal sheet wound into a thread as a temperature sensing element and is installed in a protective sleeve. One end is fixed (fixed end) and the other end (free end) is connected to a thin shaft.
The shaft end is equipped with a pointer. When the temperature changes, the free end of the temperature sensing element rotates immediately, so that the fine axis drives the pointer to produce angular displacement, and the temperature change is indicated on the dial.
Drive the pointer to the transmission. 指针所指示的位置即是被测温度值。 Since the temperature sensing element has a linear relationship with the temperature change, the position indicated by the pointer of the bimetal thermometer is the measured temperature value. Case materials are steel, cast alloy,
Rusted steel plate; the detection element also has a core-pulling structure; the head part of the adjustable angle thermometer can be converted from an angle type to a straight type or an angle from a straight type to an angle type by means of a bellows and a corner mechanism.
是利用两种不同金属在温度改变时膨胀程度不同的原理工作的。 Bimetal thermometers work on the principle that two different metals expand differently when the temperature changes. The main component of the industrial bimetal thermometer is a stack of two or more metal sheets stacked together.
Into a multilayer metal sheet. In order to improve the temperature measurement sensitivity, the metal sheet is usually made into a spiral shape. When the temperature of the multi-layer metal sheet changes, the amount of expansion or contraction of each layer of metal varies, so that the spiral coil is rolled up or loosened.
Because one end of the spiral coil is fixed and the other end is connected to a pointer that can be rotated freely, when the bimetallic piece experiences a temperature change, the pointer can indicate the temperature on a circular indexing scale.


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Sep 27, 2002
Power Chips to boost geothermal power and car engines
Power Chips of Gibraltar has announced that its Power Chips devices could help geothermal power plants become both more productive and widespread. The chips use quantum mechanical electron tunnelling to convert heat into electricity.
"We are actively seeking partners to bring this product to market," said Sean Kilgrow of Power Chips. "We look forward to working with members of the geothermal community to make this clean, renewable power source the preferred choice of power production in the geothermal industry."
Geothermal power plants convert the thermal energy from water and/or steam heated by the high temperatures beneath the surface of the earth into electrical power. Power Chips claims that its devices could make lower temperature geothermal resources a viable target for exploration. The company also says that the Power Chips could enhance output and reduce the cost per kilowatt at existing plants.
Power Chips devices convert heat into electricity by the thermotunnelling effect, which uses quantum mechanical electron tunnelling phenomena. High energy (or hot) electrons travel between electrodes that are spaced less than 20 nm apart to create a useable electric current.
The devices could also see applications in car engines - Power Chips claims that they may be able to increase an engine's effective power output by 75%. Typically, less than 15% of the energy in a litre of petrol reaches the wheels of a car, with most of the rest becoming heat.
According to the company, putting a panel of Power Chips against the radiator of a car could generate 8.7 kW of electrical energy, while devices wrapped around the exhaust pipe could produce 68 kW. That could allow designers to focus more of the engine's power on mechanical output rather than generating electricity for ancillary systems, such as air-conditioning or entertainment.
"If Power Chips devices realize their potential, they will be able to replace the alternator, power all auxiliary loads electrically (including climate control) and add significant shaft power to an automobile with an electric-assist drivetrain," Power Chips said in a recent paper. "The devices are designed to achieve this goal for less than $20 per kilowatt capacity, which is highly competitive with all alternator systems, but with no additional fuel cost for the energy generated."
Power Chips is a majority-owned subsidiary of Borealis Exploration Limited. Fellow Borealis subsidiary Cool Chips plans to use devices employing quantum mechanical electron tunnelling in cooling systems.
About the author
Liz Kalaugher is editor of nanotechweb.org.


Home / Blog / General
What Happens At A 341 Meeting?
December 27, 2019 in General 4 min read
For many people who are considering filing for bankruptcy or have already started the process, the prospect of the 341 meeting is the most daunting part of going through a bankruptcy. It can conjure up images of sitting in a dark room with a single light bulb above your head as you're interrogated in front of a bunch of strangers about the intimate details of your finances.
We promise it's nothing that dramatic! The unknown is often frightening so let's take a look at exactly what happens at a 341 meeting. When you know what to expect, the whole process will be a lot less scary.
What is a 341 Meeting?
A 341 meeting is sometimes called the meeting of creditors. The name comes from section 341 of the bankruptcy code.
A 341 meeting is held so the trustee (court-appointed over-seer of your bankruptcy) and creditors can ask you questions under oath about your assets, liabilities, and other financial matters related to your Chapter 7 bankruptcy case.
Basically, the meeting is held to verify your identity (you're required to bring two forms of official identification to help prevent fraudulent filings) and to verify that the information in your bankruptcy documents is complete and accurate.
The meeting will take place about a month after you file for bankruptcy. The court will send you a notice letting you know the date, time and place of the meeting and provide the name and contact information of the trustee.
The notice will also include relevant information including the filing date and case number of your bankruptcy (something you'll need in order to complete your debtor education course).
What to Bring to a 341 Meeting
Bring valid photo identification and your Social Security card. You'll also need a copy of your bankruptcy forms and your paystubs from the previous 12 months. The trustee may also request that you bring additional documents.
Who is at a 341 Meeting?
There is no judge at the meeting. Rather the meeting is presided over by the trustee. All of your creditors are invited to the meeting but very rarely attend. Occasionally an angry ex-business partner or spouse will attend but it's very unlikely that your credit card or mortgage companies are going to be there. Other filers will be having their meetings just before or after yours so there will be strangers unrelated to your case observing the proceedings.
What Happens at a 341 Meeting?
When your case number is called, you'll be called to the trustee's desk where he or she will ask you questions under oath after you provide proof of identification. The role of the trustee at this meeting is to confirm that the information you provided in your bankruptcy documents is accurate.
Because under Chapter 7 the trustee can sell your nonexempt assets and use the funds to pay your creditors, most of the questions will be about your assets. If you have a bankruptcy lawyer, he or she will contact the trustee and work out any issues before the meeting occurs.
If there are any of your creditors at the meeting, they are allowed to question you as well. The questioning cannot go on at length due to time constraints so if a creditor questions you, it will usually be in regard to the kind of assets you have and their location. They may also ask more general questions about your finances.
If a creditor does take the time to attend the meeting, they are often there to gather information to decide if they should bring an action against you disputing the discharge of their particular debt.
The End of the 341 Meeting
The trustee will end the meeting after you've been questioned if you are not required to provide any additional information or documentation. If the trustee concludes the meeting, you will not be required to attend another meeting and you'll receive your discharge once you've met all of the other requirements of the entire bankruptcy process.
If a creditor wants more time to question you or if the trustee requires more information from you, he or she typically schedules another meeting to give you time to prepare. If there are no further questions but you do need to provide more documentation, the meeting may be canceled if you provide that information to the trustee in a timely, complete manner.
It Will Be Over Fast!
We hope this demystifies the process of a 341 meeting for you. Perhaps the worst part is the thought of being questioned in front of other filers waiting for their own hearings. But of course, you're all in the same boat so it's unlikely they're judging you too harshly.
And if you're still really nervous, take comfort in the fact that most 341 meetings last less than 10 minutes. You'll be in and out before you know it.
The Short and Long-Term Benefits of Filing Bankruptcy
Best Methods to Help Pay off Debt After Filing Bankruptcy


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May 13, 2020
Stay in the Know
The FCC recently issued their proposed call authentication rules for comment, which are based on STIR/SHAKEN as mandated in the TRACED Act. The TRACED Act essentially mandates carrier deployment by June 30, 2021, though the FCC is proposing some extensions of the deadline in limited cases. It can be predicted with certainty that during an interim period there will be mix of carrier deployment timelines and inter-working issues will arise both before and after the deadline. For example, we know that time-division multiplexing based calls (i.e., non-STIR/SHAKEN authenticated calls) may be classified by a terminating STIR/SHAKEN-enabled carrier in a manner similar to unauthenticated, spoofed calls. Such concerns are not insurmountable; if we have tools to manage issues during this interim period, then we can tolerate some uncertainty.
Although call blocking using analytics is distinct from call authentication, there is a close relationship between call blocking and call authentication. Even though STIR/SHAKEN does not require using analytics to block calls, the results of the STIR/SHAKEN validation may be an input used by the analytics platform to determine whether a call qualifies as an illegal robocall for blocking. Call authentication provides an additional data point that can help in stopping illegal robocalls during the interim period. However, as we have seen, blocking calls using analytics is not perfect, and has the potential for exacerbating problems.
Minimizing the Impact of Errors During Early Deployment
There are four guiding principles that can significantly help minimize issues during the deployment of STIR/SHAKEN, particularly in the early phases. These principles will not prevent all types of problems from occurring, but they can minimize the impact of errors and allow an orderly migration path forward.
1. Notification When a Call is Blocked. Explicit notification by a carrier should inform the caller whenever a call is blocked. This should include providing both an audio intercept and a SIP error code to the caller so that regardless of whether the caller is a human or computer dialer, both are informed when a call is blocked. The notification should provide the caller with contact information for the terminating service provider to report an erroneously blocked call. Without knowing when calls are incorrectly blocked, future errors cannot be prevented. Mistakes by a carrier or analytics provider can be accepted to a certain extent; ignoring them and repeating them call-after-call cannot be tolerated.
2. Redress for Erroneously Blocked Calls. Carriers should offer effective and timely redress mechanisms for handling reports about calls being blocked in error. The functions of Notification and Redress go hand-in-hand; one cannot be effectively offered without the other.
3. Fully Authenticated Calls Should Not Be Blocked. Terminating carriers receiving "full" or "A" level attestation on calls should presume those calls to be legal and should not block those calls using predictive analytics. Fully authenticated calls, if suspicious, can be quickly traced back to their originating carrier and originator. Such calls should be presumed legitimate and should be investigated; then, if deemed necessary, these calls can be blocked in the future. Analytics should be used for potentially blocking only "B" (partial) and "C" (gateway) level attested calls. These calls should not receive the same presumption of legitimacy. Since "B" and "C" level calls cannot be unambiguously distinguished between various types of calls (i.e., both a domestic call from a TDM network and an international scam robocall can appear as "C" level attestation), analytics may have a continuing role in defining how these calls should be treated.
4. Authorized Numbers Should Receive "Full" or "A" level Attestation. Enterprises, upon providing evidence to their originating carrier of authorization to use a number by business agreement or other evidence (even if the number was not provided by that carrier to the enterprise), should be eligible to receive "A" level attestation. This aspect is explicitly memorialized in the ATIS standard, though it only describes an optional policy that carriers may adopt. Encouraging carriers to adopt this policy would address a persistent problem (called the 'enterprise problem') that involves enterprises using the same calling party number on calls offered to multiple originating carriers. Because fully authenticated calls are easily 'tracked and traced', such enterprises will subject themselves to scrutiny if they employ questionable calling practices.
A Near-Term Solution for a Complex Situation
Yes, there are myriads of details and issues that remain to be worked out in the coming months and years regarding STIR/SHAKEN deployment. Yes, there will be situations where calls may be invalidly blocked using predictive analytics. But, being able to identify and correct such mistakes using notification and redress functions (and thus help improve the accuracy of analytics) is something most everyone would agree is a desirable goal. There also will be situations where fully authenticated calls may be determined to be, in fact, illegal in some manner. However, STIR/SHAKEN technology can now quickly identify these callers and their originating carriers. Recent FCC actions have shown how regulators and the industry can quickly minimize their impact. Finally, there are enterprises that require use of multiple carriers and cannot tolerate their fully authorized numbers receiving less than "A" level attestation. While more complex solutions to this 'enterprise problem' are being discussed in standards, the existing standard allows a suitable solution for the near future. This solution does not require any slow down of the STIR/SHAKEN deployment.
Adopting these four principles will go a long way to facilitate STIR/SHAKEN deployment and calm the anxiety and concerns over various call originators as to how their calls will be treated. Carriers, too, can receive safe-harbor treatment if they adopt these principles. Industry and regulators are urged to adopt these guidelines to ease the transition into the STIR/SHAKEN environment.
The opinions presented here are those of Karl Koster, and not necessarily those of Noble Systems. The contents should not be construed as legal advice nor as comments reflecting any regulatory position of Noble Systems.


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Information Workers in the Academy: The Case of Librarians and Archivists at The University of Western Ontario
Ephemera: Theory & Politics in Organization
For much of its history, the organizational culture for academic librarians and archivists at The University of Western Ontario was primarily a culture of the practitioner. While librarians and archivists supported teaching, research and service at Western, they did not directly engage in it. As a result of grassroots efforts undertaken by members of Western's academic community in the mid-2000s however, the potential contributions of information workers to the teaching, research and service mandate of University began to garner recognition. Born out of this collective awakening, a successful union drive and shortly thereafter an inaugural Collective Agreement for The University of Western Ontario Faculty Association; Librarians and Archivists (UWOFA-LA). The following contribution describes the shift in organizational culture that is currently underway for the academic community at The University of Western Ontario, and for its information workers in particular. The nature of academic librarians and archivists' digital labour is also examined here.


at cruising altitude, it is just possible to see the Los Angeles coast as you fly over Las
Vegas, so this answer seems reasonable. It is also possible to check the answer by working backwards. The
secant-tangent theorem states that the square of the distance d equals the product of the height of the
plane over the Earth h and the distance from the jetliner to point X on the other side of the Earth. Use this
to find the height of the plane in terms of the distance to the horizon and the radius of the earth:
d 2 =h ( h + 2R ) =h2 + 2Rh ⇒
0 = h2 + 2Rh − d 2 ⇒
−2R ±
h=
(
( 2 R )2 + 4 d 2
2
=−R ± R2 + d 2
) (6.37 ×10 m ) + (3.7 ×10 m )
=
− 6.37 × 106 m +
6
2
5
2
= 10736.63 m
Converting this back to feet and rounding to 2 significant figures gives confirmation that the answer was
3.281 ft
=
35,000 ft.
correct: 10736.63459 m ⋅
1m
1.59.
THINK: The given quantity is 1.56 barrels of oil. Calculate how many cubic inches are in 1.56 barrels. 1
barrel of oil = 42 gallons = (42 gal)(231 cu. in./gal) = 9702 cubic inches.
SKETCH: A sketch is not needed.
RESEARCH: If a volume V1 is given in barrels then the equivalent volume V2 in cubic inches is given by
9702 cu. in.
the formula V2 = V1
1 barrel
SIMPLIFY: Not applicable.
 9702 cu. in 
CALCULATE: 1.56 barrels 
 = 15135.12 cu. in.
 1 barrel 
ROUND: The value given in the question has three significant figures, so the final answer is that 1.56
barrels is equivalent to 1.51·104 cubic inches.
DOUBLE-CHECK: Barrels are not commonly used units. However, since the proper conversion factor of
9702 cubic inches per barrel was used, the answer is accurate.
1.60.
THINK: The car's gas tank has the shape of a rectangular box with a square base whose sides measure
l = 62 cm. The tank has only 1.5 L remaining. The question asks for the depth, d of the gas remaining in
the tank. The car is on level ground, so that d is constant.
SKETCH:
13
Bauer/Westfall: University Physics, 2E
RESEARCH:
=
Atank × d. Convert the volume 1.5 L to
Atank = l 2 . The volume of gas remaining is V
gas
1500 cm 3 by using 1 mL = 1 cm 3 .
SIMPLIFY: d = Vgas / Atank , but Atank = l 2 , so substitute this into the expression for d: d = Vgas / l 2 .
1500 cm 3
= 0.390218 cm
(62 cm)2
ROUND: To two significant figures d = 0.39 cm.
DOUBLE-CHECK: The car's gas tank will hold 52 L but only has 1.5 L remaining. The sides of the gas
tank are 62 cm and because the gas tank is almost empty, there should be a small depth of gas in the
bottom of the tank, so the answer is reasonable.
CALCULATE:
d
=
1.61.
THINK: The formula for the volume of a sphere is given by Vsphere = ( 4 / 3 )π r 3 . The formula for density is
given by ρ = m / V . Refer to Appendix B in the text book and express the answers in SI units using
scientific notation.
SKETCH:
RESEARCH:
The radius of the Sun is=
rS 6.96 ⋅ 108 m, the mass of the Sun is =
mS 1.99 ⋅ 1030 kg, the
radius of the Earth is=
rE 6.37 ⋅ 106 m, and the mass of the Earth is =
mE 5.98 ⋅ 1024 kg.
SIMPLIFY: Not applicable.
CALCULATE:
4
4
(a) VS = π rS3 = π (6.96 ⋅ 108 )3 = 1.412265 ⋅ 1027 m 3
3
3
4 3 4
(b) VE = π rE = π (6.37 ⋅ 106 )3 = 1.082696 ⋅ 1021 m 3
3
3
mS
1.99 ⋅ 1030
(c) =
= 1.40908 ⋅ 103 kg/m 3
ρS =
VS 1.412265 ⋅ 1027
mE
5.98 ⋅ 1024
=
= 5.523249 ⋅ 103 kg/m 3
VE 1.082696 ⋅ 1021
ROUND: The given values have three significant figures, so the calculated values should be rounded as:
(a) =
VS 1.41 ⋅ 1027 m 3
(d) =
ρE
(b) =
VE 1.08 ⋅ 1021 m 3
(c) =
ρS 1.41 ⋅ 103 kg/m 3
(d) =
ρE 5.52 ⋅ 103 kg/m 3
DOUBLE-CHECK: The radius of the Sun is two orders of magnitude larger than the radius of the Earth.
Because the volume of a sphere is proportional to the radius cubed, the volume of the Sun should be
(102 )3 or 106 larger than the volume of the Earth, so the calculated volumes are reasonable. Because
density depends on mass and volume, and the Sun is roughly 106 times larger and more massive than the
Earth, it is not surprising that the density of the Sun is on the same order of magnitude as the density of
the Earth (e.g. 106 / 106 = 1). Earth is primarily solid, but the Sun is gaseous, therefore it is reasonable that
the Earth is denser than the Sun.
14
Chapter 1: Overview
1.62.
THINK: The tank is in the shape of an inverted cone with height h = 2.5 m and radius r = 0.75 m. Water
is poured into the tank at a rate of w = 15 L/s. Calculate how long it will take to fill the tank. Recall the
conversion 1 L = 1000 cm 3 .
SKETCH:
V
1
RESEARCH: The volume of a cone is Vcone = π r 2 h . The rate water enters the cone is w = water where t
3
t
1 2
is time. When the cone is full, Vcone = Vwater , therefore π r h = wt .
3
2
πr h
SIMPLIFY: t =
3w
π (75 cm)2 (250 cm)
CALCULATE: t =
98.1748 s
=
 15000 cm 3 
3

s


ROUND: To two significant figures, t = 98 s.
DOUBLE-CHECK: The calculation resulted in the correct units, so the answer is reasonable.
1.63.
THINK: The rate of water flow is 15 L/s, the tank is cubical, and the top surface of the water rises by 1.5
cm/s. Let h be the height of the water in the tank.
SKETCH:
RESEARCH: The change in the volume of the water, ∆Vwater , is 15 L/s = 15000 cm 3 /s. The change in the
height of the water is ∆h =
1.5 cm/s. An equation to find the side length of the tank is ∆Vwater =
l 2 ∆h.
SIMPLIFY: l =
CALCULATE:
=l
∆Vwater
∆h
 15000 cm 3 / s 
=

 100. cm
 1.5 cm/s 
ROUND: =l 1.0 ⋅ 102 cm
DOUBLE-CHECK: The flow rate of 15 L/s is quite fast, but the level of the water is rising by only 1.5
cm/s, so it is reasonable that the tank is relatively large.
1.64.
THINK: The atmosphere has an effective weight of 15 pounds per square inch. By computing the surface
area of the Earth, it will be easy to compute the mass of the atmosphere. Then, since the atmosphere is
assumed to have a uniform density of 1.275 kg/m 3 , the mass can be converted to a volume. The volume of
the atmosphere is the difference of two spheres, whose radii are the radius of the Earth, rE , and the radius
of the Earth plus the thickness of the atmosphere, ∆r . The result will be a cubic equation with one real
root which can be approximated to give the thickness of the atmosphere.
15
Bauer/Westfall: University Physics, 2E
SKETCH:
RESEARCH: Recall the conversions 1 inch = 0.0254 m and 1 kg = 2.205 lbs. The radius of the Earth is
about 6378 km. The surface area of the Earth is AE = 4π rE 2 . The mass of the atmosphere is
mA = AE (15 lb/sq in ) .
The volume of the atmosphere can be computed using the ratio
VA = mA / ρ A , where ρ A is the density of the atmosphere. This volume is the difference of the two spheres,
as shown in the sketch. The volume of the Earth (without its atmosphere) is VE = ( 4 / 3 )π rE 3 , and the
volume of the Earth and atmosphere
is VEA ( 4 / 3 )π ( rE + ∆r ) . A second method of computing the
=
3
volume of the atmosphere is VA = VEA − VE . Set the two values of VA equal and solve for r.
SIMPLIFY: The first expression for the volume of the atmosphere is

mA 4π rE 2 
15 lb
=

.
ρA
ρ A  1 square inch 
V
=
A
(
)
The second expression
is VA ( 4π / 3 ) (rE + ∆r )3 − rE3 . Setting these expressions equal to each other gives
=
an equation to


text:
April 8, 2007
Protective Regulations Help Big Fish Thrive in Reed Lake
By Brad Dokken, Grand Forks Herald, N.D.
Apr. 8--Conservative fishing regulations have helped maintain Reed Lake in northern Manitoba as one of western Canada's top drive-to destinations for northern pike, lake trout and walleyes.Anglers can keep two walleyes, none over 22 inches; one lake trout, none over 26 inches; and two pike, none longer than 30 inches.
Reed is a big lake, spanning about 14 miles from east to west and 12 miles from north to south. The Grass River flows into Reed Lake on the east and exits on the west.
According to Carl Wall of Winnipeg, a retired fisheries manager for Manitoba Natural Resources, the lake is very productive for raising fish, with miles of shallow areas that offer prime spawning habitat for pike and walleyes. Deeper areas on the north end of the lake with 85 or more feet of water hold good populations of lake trout.
"It's one of those rare gems where you get all three species in trophy sizes," said Wall, who now serves as executive director of the Manitoba Lodge and Outfitters Association. "It's an excellent fishery."
Andre Desrosiers is a Manitoba natural resources officer in Selkirk who worked as a fisheries technician in northwestern Manitoba in the late 1980s. Reed Lake has been intensively managed for at least a generation, Desrosiers says, and the existing regulations have been in place since 1996.
Desrosiers was part of a group who made the trek north to Reed Lake last week.
"The lodge owners are the ones who pushed for regulation changes, there's no doubt about that," Desrosiers said. "They didn't want to bite the hand that fed them. There was some conflict between the consumptive user and the lodges, but the consumptive user began to see the rightful way to do things was to release the big fish. It took awhile."
According to Hal Peterson of Peterson's Reed Lake Lodge, the result has been fishing that's better today than it was 20 years ago.
Without the regulations, people had trouble throwing big fish back. Peterson says his dad, Corky, saw an angler in the mid-1970s keep a lake trout that weighed 56 pounds -- after it had been gutted and its head removed.
"They ate it," Peterson said.
Pike anglers weren't much better, Peterson recalls.
"If you took less than a 14-pound northern," you weren't considered a good fisherman Peterson said. "We'd fillet 12- to 25-pound northerns."
Thanks to protective regulations, pike that size now are commonplace -- and off-limits to filleting knives -- on Reed.
Reach Dokken at _PHONE_, _PHONE_, or [email protected]
Copyright (c) 2007, Grand Forks Herald, N.D.
Distributed by McClatchy-Tribune Business News.
For reprints, email [email protected], call _PHONE_ or _PHONE_, send a fax to _PHONE_, or write to The Permissions Group Inc., 1247 Milwaukee Ave., Suite 303, Glenview, IL 60025, USA.


text:
The division of Hydromechanics and Coastal Engineering was founded in 1971 and since then it has been one of four departments of the Leichtweiß-Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources (LWI) at the Technische Universität Braunschweig. The main research areas at division of Hydromechanics and Coastal Engineering include: (i) sea waves and design of coastal structures, (ii) non-conventional and innovative coastal structures, (iii) offshore structures, (iv) sediment transport and coastal morphodynamics, (v) coastal protection against tsunami and (vi) reliability and risk-based design methods in coastal engineering.
The LWI is equipped with a hydraulic laboratory with a working area of 5600 m² in which coastal research issues are investigated by physical modelling, e.g. sea waves, coastal morphology and wave-induced loading of coastal structures. To perform hydraulic model studies, the division is equipped with various experimental facilities at different scales, where the 3D wave basin and twin-wave flumes represent the most important facilities. The range of the experimental installations at the institute and the Coastal Research Centre (FZK), in Hannover, reaches from a small demonstration model to one of the longest wave flumes in the world.
Within ECO-DIKE project, the LWI is mainly involved in the development and laboratory testing of green coastal revetments and sea dikes as well as the elaboration of recommendations for green sea dikes.


text:
1. Do not move the glass within 3 days after the window film is installed.
2. Do not scrub the foil glass with water within 15 days after installation of the window film.
3. Do not use the suction cup to hang on the film glass or fix any items with adhesive, and do not stick stickers on the window film.
4. Spray the surface of the window film slightly and evenly with a cleaning agent containing no ammonia. Then gently dry the glass with a clean, soft cotton cloth or soft paper towel. The cotton cloth and paper towel often need to be wrung out and contained on the cotton cloth/paper towel. Pure topical alcohol will quickly dissolve large smudges and fatty fingerprints. If the stain is not washed, re-spray the cleaning solution and scrape the window film horizontally from top to bottom with a soft rubber wiper until it is wiped dry. Dry the edge of the glass film with a towel.
5. When using adhesive tape, sticky tape or decal paper on the window film, remove the glue or glue remaining when these materials are removed. Use a soft clean cotton cloth with acetone (nail polish remover) to gently scrub. The contaminated area quickly and completely removes the glue remaining on the glass film. A small amount of acetone does not damage the polyester film, but it immediately dissolves and completely evaporates the glue and most of the paint.
6. Do not use hard wipes, brushes, or abrasive cloth to clean the glass film.www.snpefilm.com


text:
General John A. Dix
At the outbreak of the Civil War, he sent a telegram to the Treasury agents in New Orleans ordering that: "If any one attempts to haul down the American flag, shoot him on the spot." Although the telegram was intercepted by Confederates, and was never delivered to the Treasury agents, the text found its way to the press, and Dix became one of the first heroes of the North during the Civil War.
More Spotlights by Robert_Gray (See all)
Civil War "Widows' Pensions" Updated
War of 1812 Pension Files Free Updated


CT_OFFSET (GtkTextViewClass, insert_at_cursor), NULL, NULL, _gtk_marshal_VOID__STRING, G_TYPE_NONE, 1, G_TYPE_STRING); /** * GtkTextView::delete-from-cursor: * @text_view: the object which received the signal * @type: the granularity of the deletion, as a #GtkDeleteType * @count: the number of @type units to delete * * The ::delete-from-cursor signal is a * keybinding signal * which gets emitted when the user initiates a text deletion. * * If the @type is %GTK_DELETE_CHARS, GTK+ deletes the selection * if there is one, otherwise it deletes the requested number * of characters. * * The default bindings for this signal are * Delete for deleting a character, Ctrl-Delete for * deleting a word and Ctrl-Backspace for deleting a word * backwords. */ signals[DELETE_FROM_CURSOR] = g_signal_new (I_("delete-from-cursor"), G_OBJECT_CLASS_TYPE (gobject_class), G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST | G_SIGNAL_ACTION, G_STRUCT_OFFSET (GtkTextViewClass, delete_from_cursor), NULL, NULL, _gtk_marshal_VOID__ENUM_INT, G_TYPE_NONE, 2, GTK_TYPE_DELETE_TYPE, G_TYPE_INT); /** * GtkTextView::backspace: * @text_view: the object which received the signal * * The ::backspace signal is a * keybinding signal * which gets emitted when the user asks for it. * * The default bindings for this signal are * Backspace and Shift-Backspace. */ signals[BACKSPACE] = g_signal_new (I_("backspace"), G_OBJECT_CLASS_TYPE (gobject_class), G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST | G_SIGNAL_ACTION, G_STRUCT_OFFSET (GtkTextViewClass, backspace), NULL, NULL, _gtk_marshal_VOID__VOID, G_TYPE_NONE, 0); /** * GtkTextView::cut-clipboard: * @text_view: the object which received the signal * * The ::cut-clipboard signal is a * keybinding signal * which gets emitted to cut the selection to the clipboard. * * The default bindings for this signal are * Ctrl-x and Shift-Delete. */ signals[CUT_CLIPBOARD] = g_signal_new (I_("cut-clipboard"), G_OBJECT_CLASS_TYPE (gobject_class), G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST | G_SIGNAL_ACTION, G_STRUCT_OFFSET (GtkTextViewClass, cut_clipboard), NULL, NULL, _gtk_marshal_VOID__VOID, G_TYPE_NONE, 0); /** * GtkTextView::copy-clipboard: * @text_view: the object which received the signal * * The ::copy-clipboard signal is a * keybinding signal * which gets emitted to copy the selection to the clipboard. * * The default bindings for this signal are * Ctrl-c and Ctrl-Insert. */ signals[COPY_CLIPBOARD] = g_signal_new (I_("copy-clipboard"), G_OBJECT_CLASS_TYPE (gobject_class), G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST | G_SIGNAL_ACTION, G_STRUCT_OFFSET (GtkTextViewClass, copy_clipboard), NULL, NULL, _gtk_marshal_VOID__VOID, G_TYPE_NONE, 0); /** * GtkTextView::paste-clipboard: * @text_view: the object which received the signal * * The ::paste-clipboard signal is a * keybinding signal * which gets emitted to paste the contents of the clipboard * into the text view. * * The default bindings for this signal are * Ctrl-v and Shift-Insert. */ signals[PASTE_CLIPBOARD] = g_signal_new (I_("paste-clipboard"), G_OBJECT_CLASS_TYPE (gobject_class), G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST | G_SIGNAL_ACTION, G_STRUCT_OFFSET (GtkTextViewClass, paste_clipboard), NULL, NULL, _gtk_marshal_VOID__VOID, G_TYPE_NONE, 0); /** * GtkTextView::toggle-overwrite: * @text_view: the object which received the signal * * The ::toggle-overwrite signal is a * keybinding signal * which gets emitted to toggle the overwrite mode of the text view. * * The default bindings for this signal is Insert. */ signals[TOGGLE_OVERWRITE] = g_signal_new (I_("toggle-overwrite"), G_OBJECT_CLASS_TYPE (gobject_class), G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST | G_SIGNAL_ACTION, G_STRUCT_OFFSET (GtkTextViewClass, toggle_overwrite), NULL, NULL, _gtk_marshal_VOID__VOID, G_TYPE_NONE, 0); /** * GtkTextView::populate-popup: * @entry: The text view on which the signal is emitted * @menu: the menu that is being populated * * The ::populate-popup signal gets emitted before showing the * context menu of the text view. * * If you need to add items to the context menu, connect * to this signal and append your menuitems to the @menu. */ signals[POPULATE_POPUP] = g_signal_new (I_("populate-popup"), G_OBJECT_CLASS_TYPE (gobject_class), G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST, G_STRUCT_OFFSET (GtkTextViewClass, populate_popup), NULL, NULL, _gtk_marshal_VOID__OBJECT, G_TYPE_NONE, 1, GTK_TYPE_MENU); /** * GtkTextView::select-all: * @text_view: the object which received the signal * @select: %TRUE to select, %FALSE to unselect * * The ::select-all signal is a * keybinding signal * which gets emitted to select or unselect the complete * contents of the text view. * * The default bindings for this signal are Ctrl-a and Ctrl-/ * for selecting and Shift-Ctrl-a and Ctrl-\ for unselecting. */ signals[SELECT_ALL] = g_signal_new_class_handler (I_("select-all"), G_OBJECT_CLASS_TYPE (gobject_class), G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST | G_SIGNAL_ACTION, G_CALLBACK (gtk_text_view_select_all), NULL, NULL, _gtk_marshal_VOID__BOOLEAN, G_TYPE_NONE, 1, G_TYPE_BOOLEAN); /** * GtkTextView::toggle-cursor-visible: * @text_view: the object which received the signal * * The ::toggle-cursor-visible signal is a * keybinding signal * which gets emitted to toggle the visibility of the cursor. * * The default binding for this signal is F7. */ signals[TOGGLE_CURSOR_VISIBLE] = g_signal_new_class_handler (I_("toggle-cursor-visible"), G_OBJECT_CLASS_TYPE (gobject_class), G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST | G_SIGNAL_ACTION, G_CALLBACK (gtk_text_view_toggle_cursor_visible), NULL, NULL, _gtk_marshal_VOID__VOID, G_TYPE_NONE, 0); /** * GtkTextView::preedit-changed: * @text_view: the object which received the signal * @preedit: the current preedit string * * If an input method is used, the typed text will not immediately * be committed to the buffer. So if you are interested in the text, * connect to this signal. * * This signal is only emitted if the text at the given position * is actually editable. * *


'300x400'
env PORT='80'
script
 exec /usr/bin/calibre-server --with-library $LIBRARY_PATH --auto-reload \
 --max-cover $MAX_COVER --port $PORT \
 --username $USER --password $PASSWORD
end script
Paste this into your text editor and save it. (CTRL + X, then Y, then ENTER). We'll look at what each line does below:
 - The first line is just a description to help you (or others) know what the script does
 - The next two lines state at what level you want your script to start and stop on, since Upstart, allows for order specification so that scripts that rely on each other will start in the right order. Level 1 is for all essential services, so we'll start on level 2, by which time we know that the network and anything else we need will be up and running
 - respawn means that if the service stop unexpectedly, it'll try to restart
The next lines are all variables that we pass to the calibre-server command. Before, we just used the minimum of specifying the --with-library option, but we can see now how much flexibility Calibre offers. Above, we've specified:
 - Username and password to access the library from the web (please change these from the examples provided)
 - Library location path, as before
 - Max image size for book cover images (this is useful to make the page load more quickly)
 - Port number (here we've changed it to 80; change this to something else if you already use port 80 to serve standard web pages, etc.)
 - Finally, in the script section (known as a stanza) we run the main command using exec, and passing in all our variables. The /usr/bin/calibre-server part is the path to the executable
Once you've saved the script and closed the editor, start up the server:
sudo start calibre-server
This time you should see this output, but with a different process number:
calibre-server start/running, process 7811
Now use a browser to navigate to your server's IP address or domain name.
You should see a popup form asking for the username and password. These should be the ones you added to the Upstart script. Enter these and you'll be taken to your ebook library as before.
The server can now easily be stopped, started, and restarted using the following commands:
sudo service calibre-server stop
sudo service calibre-server start
sudo service calibre-server restart
This makes managing the server a lot easier than having to manually deal with daemon processes and process IDs!
The site by default has a mobile version that works nicely with smaller-screen devices such as phones and e-readers. This should load automatically if you visit the site from a mobile device.
Step 5 — Creating a Cron Job to Add Books Automatically
We can write a simple cron job to watch our toadd directory for new books.
Every 10 minutes it will look for files in the /home/user/calibre-library/toadd/ directory, add any files in there to our Calibre database, and then remove the original files. (Calibre makes copies of the files when it adds them to our library so we don't need the originals once the add has taken effect.) This means that if you transfer book files via scp, ssh, etc. to this directory from your main machine, or just download them directly into the toadd directory, then they'll automatically be added to your Calibre database and be available for download from your library!
To create a cron job, execute:
crontab -e
You might have to make a selection about your preferred text editor.
At the end of the file add the line:
*/10 * * * * xvfb-run calibredb add /home/user/calibre-library/toadd/ -r --with-library /home/user/calibre-library && rm /home/user/calibre-server/toadd/*
The first part of the command (*/10 * * * *) means that the command should be run every ten minutes. The second part is the same as the command we manually ran earlier. It adds all the books from the toadd folder to the database and then removes the original files.
That's that. You can now access your ebooks from anywhere in the world.
Note: The search results in Calibre aren't sorted by relevance, so if you enter a common term you often find unrelated books before the one you're looking for. However, you can specify to search only by title or author, which does help a lot, and the browse options (browse alphabetically by Author, for example) are very well implemented as well.
Conclusion
There are one or two things to keep in mind about running and maintaining a Calibre server. We'll take a brief look at these to finish off.
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You can use the quick links to directly fo to the chapter regarding the JBoss version you're targeting:
JBoss 4.0.x and 4.2.x
JBoss 5.0.x, 5.1.x, 6.0.x and 6.1.x
 - JBoss deployment manager JARs
 - JBoss remoting client JARs
Here is an example Maven2 plugin configuration:
You can also use the CARGO JBoss remote deployer to remotely deploy to JBoss farms versions 5.x and newer. To do so, use these two properties:
 - cargo.jboss.clustered: if true, deployment is done in the farm directory
 - cargo.jboss.configuration: JBoss profile name, default name is default
JBoss 7.0.x and JBoss 7.1.x
The same instructions for JBoss 5.x, 5.1.x and 6.x also apply for JBoss 7.x, with some differences:
 - The JAR files to include are different
 - JBoss 7.x uses the port.
The following examples detail these differences.
Here is an example Maven2 plugin configuration:
JBoss socket connection bugs
On some Linux distributions, remote deployment may fail with an exception like:
That is a known bug, documented in and the solution presented on that document is to use a cron job as the root user to fix the file when it gets broken.
First, create the correct version of /etc/hosts and save it somewhere, such as /etc/hosts.fixed, and populate it with the following contents (replace myhost with the hostname of your computer, as reported by the hostname command, and the correct IP assignment, as reported by ipconfig):
Important: If possible, enter your hostname with both the "basic" hostname and the fully-qualified domain name.
Next, create a script named /etc/ to replace the /etc/hosts file if Network Manager breaks it:
Finally, setup a cron job to run this script as often as you like. We recommend every couple of minutes.
Once the /etc/hosts file is corrected, restart JBoss AS and run the tests again. Your socket connection error should be gone!
JBoss Maven2 repositories
JBoss has decided to deprecate one of the repositories used in some releases of the Cargo JBoss remote deployer POMs and/or in some of its embedded dependencies. This problem should be solved as JBoss finishes moving its dependencies to the Maven central; but as long as that move is not finished JBoss' repository deprecation makes Maven fail with messages like:
In this case, please define override the JBoss repository by using a mirrorOf declaration in your settings.xml. Example:
Please feel free to complain to JBoss if you feel like this is a bad behaviour:
 - No labels


text:
[C]an a crocodile really weep? The experts say yes: they have tear glands just like most other animals. And zoologists have recorded alligators, close relatives of crocodiles, shedding tears while they're eating. This parallel may be significant—rather than being an emotional response, the shedding of tears probably happens because of the way crocodiles and alligators eat: when eating their prey they will often huff and hiss as they blow out air, and their tear glands may empty at the same time. The idea of crocodile tears being false was used both in Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene and in Shakespeare's Othello. They provide just two of the many allusions in literature that have cemented the idiom in the language.
Incidentally, the word 'crocodile' means, literally, 'worm of the stones'. It is from Greek, and is a reference to the croc's habit of basking in the sun on the shingly banks of a river.— An extract from What Made the Crocodile Cry? by Susie Dent (via OxfordWords blog)
Attack of the bees
I found out that I am not allergic to bees. I discovered this when I was pegging wet sheets to the clothesline and was stung on my temple by a rogue bee tangled in the pillowcases and I suffered no grave consequences.
This happened during the few weeks that our back courtyard was plagued by bees. A low hum reverberated around the walls, and every surface – the gravel, the bench, the ivy – seemed to shimmer until you looked a little closer and realised that it was just a dozen or so wriggling bees, animating the ground beneath them.
The source was a hive lodged like a football in our next-door neighbour's tree. By the time we politely enquired next door as to whether they had noticed the swarming honey-pot in their garden, our sweet young neighbour's nerves, as she put it, were shot. She could no longer go outside. Her landlord wasn't returning her calls. And if, as I had suspected, our yard was where the bees went to die, theirs was the colony spawning ground. "When I switch on the bathroom light in the morning," she said, "a wall of bees sleeping on the window shake themselves awake." She added: "I find it hard to sleep."
When I went outside this morning, I noticed the beehive was gone. I would have liked to see the removal operation, the capable apiarists in white bodysuits extracting the hive and taking it to a nice farm or wildlife reserve where the bees could romp and roam free.
At least, I hope that's what happened.
"A flawless cat!"
My cat caught a mouse today and, after waving its corpse at me from the other side of the flyscreen for a while, I then looked over to see him crunching down on what was left of its head…
My first thought was, "I bet he's thirsty now. Should I offer him some water?"
And my second thought was, "I should google this."
Thankfully, if you scan through the wonderful Q&A veterinary blogs out there you can find good advice on the subject, like this:
"That's the essence of cat's life on globe, to go after that type! Worry if he tries to catch an elephant, or voice a dog!"
"Of course if he starts foaming at the mouth, embezzle him to the vet. Chances of that happening are low though because cats chomp through mice, they just do that. He's a flawless cat!"
I met a parrot today. I walked past her, and she cooed, in the perfect pitch of a middle-aged, middle Australian woman, "Hello!"
I stopped at the cage, amazed. "Hello?"
"Hello! Hello! Hi! Hi! Hello!" The parrot swung on a makeshift rope swing.
"Wow!" I marvelled.
"Ha-ha-ha-ha-ha!" The parrot mocked.