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Rare British Flowers - The Spring Gentian
What Is A Spring Gentian?
You might never have heard of a Spring Gentian, and you are probably not alone. This wild flower, native to the UK, is one of the least prolific flowers that you will see on a forest walk. It's Latin name is Gentiana Verna Gentians, and it is generally found at higher altitudes.
Where In The UK Can I Find It?
Although variations of the Gentian can be found in various locations throughout Europe, in the UK the flower can generally only be found in one of two locations: Teesdale, and Western Ireland.
Teesdale in the UK
The Gentian generally prefers Chalky soils, which further reduces it's ability to become a prolific species. As noted, it's rare appearance in the United Kingdom is a feature that also characterises the flower throughout Europe, so much so that the flower has been designated as an 'Endangered Species'.
History And Folklore
 The flower was first discovered in the UK by John Harriman, and now serves as the county flower of Durham, in England's north.
Holly Somerville's drawing of the flower has since become the logo for the botany department in Trinity College Dublin, and has also appeared on a British stamp issued in 1964.
As with most things that are rare, the reputation of the flower has led to various superstitions being formed regarding it. For instance, bringing the flower into a house would risk the offending individual running the risk of being struck by lightning! Also, death, the ultimate penalty was said to follow anyone who picked the flower. However, the threat of the death penalty for picking the flower has not increased it's abundance, although it could arguably be said that it may have stopped it's extinction!
The Takeaway
It is unlikely that you will ever see a Gentian in the UK, unless you visit Teeside or Western Ireland. Even then, it would require a foreknowledge of what you are looking for in order to identify it.
Should you be planning a trip, familiarize yourself with this rare flower, you could be one of the relatively few British folk who have set eyes upon it.
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Rare Collectors Items - The Morgan Dollar
 The Morgan(Silver) Dollar I have been in love with the Morgan Dollar for many years. Frankly, for me, it is one of the more collectible coins that I have treasured. It is, a brand of Silver coin that ranks along with the 'Canadian Maple' in terms of it's esteemed value. A Brief History Of The Morgan Dollar The Morgan Dollar was minted from 1878 to 1904. However, it was again commissioned in 1921, which year now forms the most common Morgan Dollars that you will likely find in a collection. After 1921, the mantle of popular Silver Dollar arguably went to the Peace Dollar. However, whilst also iconic, the Peace Dollar in my estimation, is not as valuable a brand as it's older cousin. Frankly, the 2 coins, whilst both consisting, to a large degree, of Silver, represent two completely different periods of United States history. And, as such, will evoke different feelings of worth in the minds of different collectors, depending on their familiarity, and affection for stag
Rare British Cars - The Ford Sierra
 What Is Rare About The Ford Sierra? Ford has always mass produced cars that have been familiar sites on roads throughout the World. The Sierra is no different. Reportedly, the total production between 1982 and 1993 is 3,470,524. This probably means that if you bought into Ford advertising in this period, that you may well have owned one! As with all mass produced cars, they tend to not keep up with the latest innovations, especially, when the latest 'new' release can trumpet these.So, it is no surprise that by 2005, there were only 67,817 left. However, in recent years the rate of disappearance from British roads has accelerated, such that the latest figures indicate that well under 2425 remain taxed for use on British Roads. Whilst the Sierra may not be a 'classic car' in the full sense of the term, it's scarcity will surely increase it's collectors value..and all the more so as the numbers continue to fall. Famous Owners As you can imagine, mass produced car


Beachcombing: A new generation of spearfishermen hunts conservatively (photos)
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Divers of a certain age will tell you that "Sea Hunt," the television show filmed off of Palos Verdes, whetted their appetite for the ocean. That includes spearfishermen like Skip Hellen.
As a 14-year-old Inglewood boy, Hellen used to hang out at a Bellflower dive shop in the early 1960s, flipping through the Pacific Underwater News. A chance encounter at that shop brought him face-to-face with one of his heroes, straight from the pages of his favorite magazine. Al Schneppershoff became his mentor, and showed him how to spear a big target fish.
"It was a 390 pound black sea bass," Hellen remembers, noting that black sea bass are protected now. "I just could not believe I was sitting on the deck looking a fish that weighed three times more than I did."
Nearly five decades (and a few career changes) later, he's an unofficial historian for the sport of spearfishing.
"It was pretty primitive at the beginning, of course — most sports are," Hellen says.
Spearfishing is millennia old. Two developments boosted its popularity dramatically in the early 20th century. One was the popularization of goggles, particularly along the Mediterranean Sea. Another was World War II. Italy's Uomini Rana, and frogmen in Southern California, brought weaponry and tactics into the ocean, and soon enough, to underwater hunting.
"Before that, spearfishing, there wasn't any spear guns. They just used a stick with a fork on the end and they would try to stab things on the bottom," he says with a laugh. Hellen's fascination with undersea diving and spearfishing's unprecedented popularity converged at the perfect time.
"Today we use scientific stuff like satellite imagery and water temperature variations," he says. "And tides and currents and how that affects fish behavior, and we do weather analysis."
Now Skip Hellen is the big dog: a mentor to guys like Joe Farlo, a Manhattan Beach father of four, who came west from New York to practice medicine.
The tenacity of the apprentice
The wilderness Joe Farlo knew back home was on land. The Pacific Ocean has offered him new opportunities.
"I realized that I don't have to travel six hours. I could come down here and be in a wilderness that is far superior to any land wilderness, in my opinion," Farlo says. "With no people."
Farlo started as a SCUBA diver; the weights, and the rolling sea, gave him back troubles. He found the Los Angeles Fathomiers, his club of spearos, on the Internet a dozen years ago.
Now he hunts underwater in a wetsuit streaked with brownish green to mimic the kelp forest. On his feet are high-tech carbon fiber blades, fancy Italian fins that outclass the "duck fins" guys like Hellen once used.
"You don't want to do anything to reduce your chances of opportunity out here," says Farlo.
Changes to his hunting grounds don't escape his notice, like how kelp forests swell and ebb offshore.
"This kelp bed has produced some nice white sea bass this year," he says, "whereas it never did in the past few years." Its canopy, he says, was unusually thick. He tracks the health of the ecosystem to hunt better. "Unfortunately for me, my good spots didn't produce as many last year," he says.
Farlo slips into the water, while Hellen shouts encouragement. "All right, get a good one," Skip says.
"You want to be with the sea," Hellen explains, with an appreciative eye toward Farlo's technique. "You don't want to disturb the environment. You want to be with it. And generally the guys who do that are the guys who get better fish."
Underwater, Farlo nestles his wooden spear gun along his body; he doesn't want it to throw more shadow than he already does. With no tanks, he holds his breath for as long as a minute and a half and clings to kelp, to get as close as possible to his target fish.
Hellen applauds Farlo's tenacity. At the same time, he says, some of the strategies haven't changed since he was a kid still seeking advice.
"You get in the water. You swim around. You go to the furthest offshore habitat — normally either kelp or rock formation — and you look at the fish there," he says, repeating advice from Al Schneppershoff. "They'll normally be pointing into the current. Then you turn into the current like they do and keep swimming till you run out of fish. So you're basically offshore, up current."
Simple as that.
Conservation and hunting
Good spearfishermen are competitive: Skip held the record for spearing the biggest white sea bass, more than 80 pounds. He says Farlo's coming along; Joe's looking for his first 60-pounder.
But they're also conservationists.
Spearfishermen had an active voice in the state's process for creating marine protected areas. Some, like Farlo, are concerned with stormwater runoff, which they see as a poison that falls into coastal waters. And, perhaps most intriguingly, they want to see sustainable populations of fish they hunt.
The two men, members of the board of directors for the International Underwater Spearfishing Association, voted to stop awarding records to divers who hunt sheepshead, a large black and pink fish.
Some spearos objected. They point out that California Sheepshead aren't endangered. But the fish are predators to urchins and can keep them in check, which helps kelp forests. The largest ones are rare, Farlo says.
"It's just making the right ethical decision. We're making a statement by making them ineligible. It'll make more spearfishermen conscious of the fact that they're very, very important animals."
Farlo says he spends about 10 days on the water in Palos Verdes for every white sea bass he spears. On this gray day, slightly out of season for sea bass, he takes nothing home. What he always finds hunting is a state of mind. A flow state.
"Diving — the whole process of holding your breath and becoming a marine mammal — that's pretty much how I see most of the animals in the planet living in that kind of connected flow state," he says.
For Farlo, neither chase — for the feeling, or for the next big fish — is likely to end any time soon. Two of his four sons have joined him in the hunt. He wants to pass on what he knows about spearfishing with them.
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text:
ERIC Number: ED242549
Record Type: RIE
Publication Date: 1983-Apr
Reference Count: 0
SummerMath: Research into Practice.
An experience in attempting to transform research into practice is described, with questions raised about the relationship between research and practice. The author begins by describing the two research traditions which exerted the most force on the design of the program. How the philosophy and findings of those traditions were interpreted and implemented is discussed as the SummerMath program is described. This was a six-week program for high school students, to encourage young women to gain an understanding of mathematics in order to increase their participation in mathematics and mathematics-related fields, as well as to implement the findings of research to improve learning. Sections focus on research into practice, research on mathematics learning, curriculum, instruction, women and mathematics, and evaluation. Results of the implementation and new research questions are each presented. (MNS)
Publication Type: Reports - Research; Speeches/Meeting Papers
Education Level: N/A
Audience: Researchers; Teachers; Practitioners
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers: Mathematics Education Research; Research Practice Relationship; SummerMath Program
Note: Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association (67th, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, April, 1983).

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
In Ray Bradbury's "Fahrenheit 451, Captain Beatty quotes history, scripture, poetry, and philosophy. He is obviously a well-read man. Why hasn't he been punished and why does he view the book he read with such contempt?
1 Answer | Add Yours
In Ray Bradbury's 1953 classic Fahrenheit 451, Captain Beatty is indeed a literate and well-educated man. He has clearly read, and read widely. Yet, he is completely committed to his mission of ferreting out and burning every book his department can find. The seminal passages in Fahrenheit 451 occur in the scene in which Captain Beatty visits Montag at the latter's home. It is a routine managerial practice – that of checking up on firemen who call in sick, usually a sign of increasing mental exhaustion and confusion regarding the nature of the mission – but provides an opportunity for a heart-to-heart discussion of that mission and how it evolved.
Insights into Captain Beatty's personality and history come with surprising lucidity, as in this surprising statement:
"'We shall this day light such a candle, by God's grace, in England, as I trust shall never be put out,"' said Beatty. Stoneman glanced over at the Captain, as did Montag, startled. Beatty rubbed his chin. "A man named Latimer said that to a man named Nicholas Ridley, as they were being burnt alive at Oxford, for heresy, on October 16, 1555." Montag and Stoneman went back to looking at the street as it moved under the engine wheels. "I'm full of bits and pieces," said Beatty. "Most fire captains have to be."
Note the final comment: "Most fire captains have to be." Beatty is enlightening Montag as to the requirements of the job of supervision in a task with an apparent history of creating the occasional doubter regarding the appropriateness of book-burning. The captains understand that, at some point, a fireman will begin to question the mission, and his supervisor must be prepared to explain the history behind the government-sanctioned burning of libraries.
The question of why books are burned is more abstract, and a great deal more of an indictment of civilization on the part of Bradbury. During his lecture to Montag on why book-burning became official government policy, he emphasizes what one could today refer to as the "dumbing-down" of society – brevity has replaced prose and context; readers are demanding instant gratification and lack the discipline and tenacity needed to actually read an entire book. Ideas are boiled down and diversity is weeded out. Beatty describes the evolution:
"You always dread the unfamiliar. Surely you remember the boy in your own school class who was exceptionally 'bright,' did most of the reciting and answering while the others sat like so many leaden idols, hating him. And wasn't it this bright boy you selected for beatings and tortures after hours? Of course it was. We must all be alike. Not everyone born free and equal, as the Constitution says, but everyone made equal. Each man the image of every other... So! A book is a loaded gun in the house next door. Burn it... when houses were finally fireproofed completely, all over the world... there was no longer need of firemen for the old purposes. They were given the new job, as custodians of our peace of mind, the focus of our understandable and rightful dread of being inferior; official censors, judges, and executors."
Books are burned because they contain information the accumulated knowledge from which creates diversity, which, to the government, creates adversity.
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text:
Background: Hypocholesterolemia is common among tuberculous patients and is associated with mortality in miliary cases. Some in vitro studies have shown that cholesterol is necessary for the good functioning of macrophages and lymphocytes.
Study objectives: To determine whether a cholesterol-rich diet could accelerate sputum sterilization in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Design: An 8-week follow-up, randomized, controlled trial carried out from March 2001 to January 2002.
Setting: A third-level hospital for respiratory diseases in Mexico City.
Patients and interventions: Adult patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis were hospitalized for 8 weeks and randomly assigned to receive a cholesterol-rich diet (800 mg/d cholesterol [experimental group]) or a normal diet (250 mg/d cholesterol [control group]). All patients received the same four-drug antitubercular regimen (ie, isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol).
Measurements and results: Every week, a quantitative sputum culture and laboratory tests were done and respiratory symptoms were recorded. Patients in the experimental group (10 patients) and the control group (11 subjects) were HIV-negative and harbored Mycobacterium tuberculosis that was fully sensitive to antitubercular drugs. Sterilization of the sputum culture was achieved faster in the experimental group, as demonstrated either by the percentage of negative culture findings in week 2 (80%; control group, 9%; p = 0.0019) or by the Gehan-Breslow test for Kaplan-Meier curves (p = 0.0037). Likewise, the bacillary population decreased faster (p = 0.0002) in the experimental group. Respiratory symptoms improved in both groups, but sputum production decreased faster in the experimental group (p < 0.05). Laboratory test results did not differ between the groups. Conclusions: A cholesterol-rich diet accelerated the sterilization rate of sputum cultures in pulmonary tuberculosis patients, suggesting that cholesterol should be used as a complementary measure in antitubercular treatment.
It's been speculated, notably by Dr. Uve Ravnskov, a noted skeptic of the cholesterol hypothesis of heart disease, that cholesterol protects against infections. There are good mechanistic reasons for thinking so; this passage from the first link explains:
Cholesterol constitutes up to 30% of the total lipid content in the cell membrane, and participates in the fluidity of this structure.10Consequently, cholesterol is involved in the activity of membrane-bound enzymes and membrane functions such as phagocytosis and cell growth.11In this context, Drabowsky et al12demonstrated that cholesterol content in the cell membrane of human lymphocytes is important for their cytotoxic function. Heiniger and Marshall13found that cholesterol participates in the differentiation and proliferation cycles that convert lymphocytes into cytotoxic cells. Moreover, in a work published by Gatfield and Pieters14a clear derangement of the ability of the macrophage to phagocytase mycobacteria was observed when they were depleted of cholesterol.
In TB patients, low cholesterol is strongly associated with mortality. The above study looks as if it proves a causal connection: more cholesterol, better immunity.


text:
May 24 2013 Latest news:
Monday, September 17, 2012
THOUSANDS of people enjoyed the sunshine and entertainment on display as one of the area's largest steam rallies attracted another fine turnout.
The Grand Henham Steam Rally is in its 38th year, and proving to be as popular as ever.
With the weather befitting the occasion, thousands descended on the Henham Estate, near Southwold.
Reflecting on the agricultural past, a major tractor icon and a special celebration of harvesting were showcased in the two exhibition arenas.
The history of Ford and Fordson was honoured during a special pageant as one of the most famous tractor brands in the world was recognised.
An appreciative audience was then educated and entertained by another special pageant – from the sickle to the combine harvester – as harvesting through the ages told the story of how man has gathered in the harvest over the centuries.
The rally attracted steam engines from all over the country along with hundreds of vintage tractors, vintage and classic cars, commercial and military vehicles, vintage motorcycles and cycles and Suffolk and Shire heavy horses.
Rally chairman Mike Powell-Evans said: "Each year we try for something slightly different, and this year we have gone back to our agricultural past for pageants demonstrating the development of harvesting and the history of the tractor icon.
"Our main objective as a charity is to raise awareness of the place in history of mechanically-propelled vehicles and their part in shaping the land and the way we live today."

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Microsoft Access Data Normalization (Transpose) with Total Access Statistics
Designing a Scalable Solution
Having the data stored in your tables
properly lets databases scale properly over time
and simplifies data analysis and performance. A
fundamental part of database design is to
"records are free, fields are expensive".
For a scalable solution, you want to make sure
your system simply adds records over time and
doesn't have to add new fields. Adding new
fields requires changing queries, formulas,
forms, reports, code, etc.
It is common to have "spreadsheet" type data
where columns get added over time. That's not a
big problem in spreadsheets because one can add
columns or rows without a difference. In
databases, there's a huge difference and it
violates the concept of data normalization.
Unfortunately, one doesn't live in a perfect
world. You may be given non-normalized data or
you may have created it in the past and now need
it normalized. Regardless, Total Access
Statistics makes it easy to transform your
existing data into a normalized format without
Example of Data Normalization
The following example illustrates how
non-normalized data can be converted.
This original table stores federal budget
data with a separate field for each year. This
is similar to a spreadsheet. While it is easy to
add a new field when a new year's data arrives,
any query, form, report, or code that uses this
table would also need to be updated and
retested. It would be far easier if the year
were a field.
Data Source to Convert: Non-normalized Budget
Manually converting the data is cumbersome
and time consuming, but the Normalize feature
makes it easy to convert the example table to
Normalized Data from Data Source
Notice how a separate record is created for
each year with the ID and LedgerType fields
preserved from the original record.
We'll now see how it's done in Total Access
Normalize (Transpose) Field Selection
This is an example of the Normalize feature
that's included in the sample database that
ships with Total Access Statistics. It's also
part of the
version so you can run this from that as
After selecting the data source you want to
transpose, this is the field selection screen in Total
Access Statistics for the Normalize feature:
Normalize Field Selection
The Normalize Fields become fields in the
output table containing the data from the data
source. The type of the output field depends on
the types of normalize fields that you select:
|Numeric fields only
||Numeric. Select the specific numeric
field type (Currency, Integer, Long Integer, or Double) on the
Normalize Options page. For ADPs, the equivalent numeric fields such
as Float, Money, Int, etc. are available.
|Text and numeric fields
||Text. The field size is 255.
|All text fields
||Text. The field size is equal to the
largest Normalize field selected.
|At least one memo field
Each of the Normalize Fields is transformed into a separate record in the output table. The DataField in the output table contains the name of the field to identify the data.
After selecting the fields, press [Next] to
show the Normalize options:
Output Field Name
The name you want in the output table for the
Output Field Type
If the Normalize fields are all numeric,
select the specific numeric field type
(Currency, Integer, Long Integer, or Double)
from the list. If there is at least one text
Normalize field, this option is disabled, and
the output field type is determined
Ignore Blank Values
If you check this option, blank values are
ignored. If unchecked, a record is created even
if the data is blank (null).
Here are the sample results:
These are the fields in the transposed table:
||Group fields selected (if any)
||Field name identifying the data in the
||Value from the Data Field
Interactive Wizard and VBA Programmatic
Total Access Statistics lets you interactively generate
your calculations through its
wizard interface to easily select the data
source, fields, and analysis without
programming. After you specify your
selections, they are automatically saved as
a scenario in your database so you can run
them again in the future when your data
statistics function is also available so
you can generate these results
from code. You can easily run any saved
scenario by calling a single procedure in
the Total Access Statistics VBA library. The
library includes a royalty-free runtime
license so you can include it with your
Access database and distribute it to
non-Total Access Statistics owners.
Call the function from a button's OnClick
event or other process, and the results are
generated for you. You can even hide the
built-in user interface so your users don't
even know Total Access Statistics is
running. They'll be amazed with your
statistical analysis capabilities!
Additional Details of Calculations Available in Total Access Statistics
Here are some additional resources and details about some of the data
analysis you can perform on your Microsoft Access data with Total Access
- Financial Cash Flow Calculations
Use discounted cash flows and interest rates to generate Net Present Value (NPV), Present Value
(PV), Future Value (FV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Modified Internal Rate of Return (MIRR)
for periodic and date dependent payments and receipts.
Calculate different types of percentiles: median, quartiles, quintiles,
octiles, deciles, percentiles, every X.5 percentile, and place them in a
table or update an existing field with the record's percentile value.
Running Totals and Moving Averages
Summarize a moving set of records to calculate running sums, moving
averages, minimum, maximum, range, median, standard deviation, etc.
Data Normalization (Data Transpose)
Transpose non-normalized data so you can easily analyze and maintain it.
Simple, multiple and polynomial regressions with calculation of equation
coefficients, ANOVA and residual table
Crosstabs and Chi-Square
Advanced cross-tabulations with percentage of row, column and totals
displayed as records or columns


text:
ci) end function Complex.__pow(z,n) local res = Complex(z) for i = 1,n-1 do res = res*z end return res end -- this is how our complex numbers will present themselves! function Complex:__tostring() return self.re..' + '..self.im..'i' end -- operations only valid for complex numbers function Complex.conj(z) return Complex(z.re,-z.im) end function Complex.mod(z) return sqrt(z.re^2 + z.im^2) end -- generalizations of sqrt() and exp() function Complex.sqrt(z) local y = sqrt((Complex.mod(z)-z.re)/2) local x = _URL_ return Complex(x,y) end function Complex.exp(z) return exp(z.re)*Complex(cos(z.im),sin(z.im)) end
Obviously vector and complex arithmetic is going to be fairly slow in Lua, but that's relative. I can create 100,000 points in about two seconds; same time for adding that number. If your program works with a few thousand points, it's going to be fast enough. Programs that need to work with much larger number of points (such as GIS systems) would simply not use this representation, even in C++. Instead, one could write a Lua extension for arrays of points, and manipulate them in groups.
A^(-1)Av. ".." is odd too, though I admit the two dots somewhat resemble dot product. Lua's automatic string conversion might increase the change for error--if one mistakenly writes "(p1..p2)..3" the ".." is silently taken as regular string concatenation. "*" of course could be understood as scalar product, dot product, or cross product. Unfortunately, the number of operators we have to use is limited. These issues detract from the original argument of the article, but I agree that "+", "-", and such make perfect sense for vectors. --DavidManura
I cannot agree with you, David. Anybody who has done maths up to first year undergraduate level would recognize '^' as vector product for 3-dimensional vectors, or as exterior product more generally. The '..' for inner product is unfortunate, I agree. Alas, the historical quirks of mathematical notation really do not fit well with computers. The best programming language I have come across for accommodating mathematical notation is Gofer (not Hugs or Haskell proper - the standardized prelude screws up, because it was designed by people without sufficient mathematical background). -- GavinWraith
^is right-associative in Lua but cross-products are not associative. So,
p1 + p2is not only convenient, but mathematically correct." just about made me cry. There is absolutely no geometrical meaning to adding two points. After skimming the article it was fairly clear that the 'Point' class is also intended to be used for vectors, for some reason? I'm not to change anything here, but I thought it should at least be pointed out. --anonymous


text:
SAGE Publications Inc.
School of Medical and Health Sciences/ Centre for Exercise and Sport Science Research
Accuracy of a projectile is typically quantified as the proportion of successful target hits, or the distance an object finishes from the target. Serving in sports such as badminton differs since the shuttlecock is usually intercepted by the opponent before landing on the target (i.e. court surface). Therefore, landing accuracy measures are inappropriate and a new method of determining accuracy of the serve is needed. During interviews, elite coaches and players described an accurate short serve as crossing the net with low clearance and having an apex before the net. Three-dimensional trajectory of the shuttlecock was therefore tracked from eight national-level players who performed 30 short serves in simulated match conditions (i.e. with an opponent); 27% of all serves were classified as 'accurate', 27% of serves as 'inaccurate', 21% with a 'good apex' position, and 25% with a 'good clearance' height. The proposed method of assessing shuttlecock trajectory as a measure of accuracy could be adopted by coaches and players to assess and improve short serve accuracy. Furthermore, this method is more representative of a match environment since the shuttlecock rarely lands because the opponent returns the serve.


text:
Journal or Book Title
Agricultural Finance Review
First Page or Article ID Number
– There is little reason a priori to expect that a cooperative firm's capital needs are different from a non-cooperative firm's needs if the two firms are otherwise similar in function and size and operate within similar market economies. However, the notion that cooperatives face capital constraints that investor-owned firms (IOFs) do not is a persistent theme in the literature. The paper aims to discuss these issues.
– The authors revisit this hypothesis with an empirical examination of capital constraints in a panel data set of US agricultural supply and grain cooperatives and IOFs.
– The findings are mixed. While the authors find little to suggest that cooperatives face financial constraints on borrowing in the short run, relative to IOFs, the authors do find some evidence that for long-term investments, a capital constraint may exist.
– These short and long run differences have implications for the survival and growth of agricultural cooperatives. While in the short run, access to debt financing allows these firms to operative profitably, ultimately long-term large investments in technology and fixed assets will be required to maintain competitiveness in this industry.
Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Li, Ziran; Jacobs, Keri L.; and Artz, Georgeanne M., "The cooperative capital constraint revisited" (2015). Economics Publications. 42.


text: Incommensurate tridymite L3-T O (MX-1) shows a cascade of five phase transitions at 65, 110, 150, 200, and 380 degrees C upon heating. The X-ray diffraction patterns were investigated with a Buerger precession camera revealing a sequence of four incommensurate phases in the range from room temperature to 200 degrees C. The phases formed between 65 and 110 degrees C and between 110 and 150 degrees C are new modifications of tridymite. At 65 degrees C the monoclinic tridymite L3-T O (MX-1) phase undergoes a first-order transformation to an orthorhombic phase. The incommensurate structural modulation of the room-temperature phase with the wavevector q1 = 0.663 a (super *) -0.498 c (super *) flips to q2 = 0.042 a (super *) -0.388 c (super *) . Simultaneously, a commensurate modulation with tripled b lattice parameter is formed. The wavelengths of both modulations do not depend appreciably on the temperature. The incommensurate modulation discontinuously disappears near 110 degrees C whereas the commensurate modulation along the b axis becomes non-integral with a temperature-dependent wavelength varying between 115 and 100 Aa. At 150 degrees C the symmetry is reduced to monoclinic again with gamma = 90.4 degrees . Between 150 and 200 degrees C the monoclinic angle gradually decreases to 90 degrees and the wavelength of the modulation from about 90 to 65 Aa. At higher temperatures, the satellite reflections fade into weak streaks and the normal orthorhombic high-temperature modification of tridymite is formed. The phase transitions are reversible upon cooling except for the first transformation that is partly irreversible for single crystals and reversible but incomplete for pulverized material at room temperature.


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Satellite Missions Catalogue
CHOMPTT (CubeSat Handling of Multisystem Precision Time Transfer)
Aug 15, 2019
Non-EO
Quick facts
Overview
Mission typeNon-EO
Launch date16 Dec 2018
CHOMPTT (CubeSat Handling of Multisystem Precision Time Transfer)
OPTI Spacecraft Ground Segment Launch Mission Status References
CHOMPTT is a demonstration of precision ground-to-space time-transfer using a laser link to an orbiting CubeSat. The University of Florida-led mission is a collaboration with the NASA Ames Research Center. The 1U optical time-transfer payload was designed and built by the Precision Space Systems Lab at the University of Florida. The payload was integrated with a NASA Ames NODeS (Network & Operation Demonstration Satellite) -derived spacecraft bus to form a 3U spacecraft. The CHOMPTT satellite was successfully launched into low Earth orbit on 16 December 2018 on NASA's ELaNa XIX mission using the Rocket Lab USA Electron vehicle. 1)
Background
Ground-to-space clock synchronization with accuracies below the nanosecond level is important for navigation systems, communications, networking, remote sensing using distributed spacecraft, and tests of fundamental physics. The Global Positioning System is the most widely used tool for synchronizing spatially separated clocks. State-of-the art GPS time transfer is currently accurate to a few nanoseconds. 2)
Several precision time transfer experiments between ground and space, beyond GPS, have been carried out recently and are planned in the near future. OCA (Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur) and CNES (Centre National d'Études Spatiales), France, launched T2L2 (Time-Transfer by Laser Link) in 2008 on the Jason-2 satellite2. Like CHOMPTT, the T2L2 experiment was based on the techniques of satellite laser ranging. It consisted of synchronizing ground and space clocks using short laser pulses travelling between the ground clocks and the satellite instrument. The measured T2L2 time transfer precision was ~50 ps. One-way laser ranging to the LRO (Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter), commissioned in 2009, has been conducted successfully from NASA's NGSLR (Next Generation Satellite Laser Ranging System) at GGAO (Goddard Geophysical and Astronomical Observatory) in Greenbelt, Maryland. 3) A one-way ranging technique was used, where the Earth laser station measured the transmit times of its outgoing laser pulses and the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA), one of the instruments onboard LRO, measured the receive times. The time transfer precision was limited to 100 ns by the NGSLR.
In the near future, the ACES (Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space) mission, sponsored by the European Space Agency, will fly aboard the ISS (International Space Station). 4) ACES is a fundamental physics experiment that will use a new generation of atomic clocks operating in the microgravity environment of space, which will be compared to a network of ultra-stable clocks on the ground. The ACES clock time will be transferred between space and ground by microwave and optical links.
The CHOMPTT mission incorporates the novel compact, low-power OPTI (Optical Precision Time-transfer Instrument), developed by the Precision Space Systems Laboratory (PSSL) at the University of Florida (UF), and a 3U CubeSat bus developed by the NASA Ames Research Center (ARC). The bus is derived from the NASA ARC's Edison Demonstration of Smallsat Networks (EDSN) CubeSat, which was also used for the Network & Operation Demonstration Satellite (NODeS) mission. 5) In the 2018 paper, we describe in detail the instrument and mission design, as well as the results of ground testing of the flight payload. 6) In this paper, we present some of the initial results of the CubeSat mission.
Mission Concept and Goals
The CHOMPTT mission employs an optical time-transfer scheme, which can be significantly more accurate than that for radio frequencies, due to lower propagation uncertainties through the Earth's ionosphere. A second advantage of optical frequencies is the high degree of beam collimation that enables a compact receiver for the space segment of the mission. A single photodetector with an aperture diameter less than 1 mm can be used to receive the optical signal transmitted from the ground, and a cm-scale retroreflector array can be used to return the signal back to the ground segment.
The mission's primary goal is to demonstrate an instantaneous ground-to-space time transfer with a precision of 200 ps, corresponding to a position error of 6 cm, which is sufficient for most navigation applications. A secondary goal of the mission include demonstrating the on-orbit performance of the two chip-scale atomic clocks (CSAC) incorporated into OPTI. Compared to previous experiments, this mission will demonstrate near state-of-the-art optical time transfer performance, but will do so on a power-limited and low cost nanosatellite platform. The 1U OPTI payload uses a time-transfer concept similar to that of the T2L2 mission. However, unlike the T2L2 mission, which was a secondary payload on board the Jason-2 satellite, OPTI will be incorporated into a dedicated CubeSat bus whose attitude control is dictated by the requirements of OPTI. CHOMPTT is the first CubeSat mission dedicated to precision optical time transfer and the first to successfully operate CSACs in space on a CubeSat platform.
The 3U CHOMPTT CubeSat was successfully launched into low Earth orbit on 16 December 2018 on NASA's ELaNa XIX mission using the Rocket Lab USA Electron vehicle. The orbit is a 500 km altitude circular Earth orbit with an inclination of 85º.
The two optical ground segments for the mission utilize a satellite tracking telescope, a pulsed 1064 nm laser system, an atomic clock and precision timing equipment. The primary facility is located at the TISTEF (Townes Institute Science and Technology Experimentation Facility), operated by the University of Central Florida, CREOL College of Optics and Photonics. The TISTEF is physically located at the Kennedy Space Center on Merritt Island, FL. The secondary optical ground segment is operated by EOS Space Systems and located on Mount Stromlo, Australia. The continental separation of these two facilities increases opportunities for time-transfer activities as discussed below. A UHF/VHF ground station located on the UF campus is used to send commands and receive telemetry from the CHOMPTT CubeSat. The mission duration is envisioned to span at least nine months.
The Optical Precision Time-transfer Instrument concept of operations is shown in Figure 1. The time-transfer scheme is similar to that of the T2L2 mission. A satellite laser ranging facility on the ground will transmit short (~2 ns-long) laser pulses to the CHOMPTT CubeSat. These pulses are timed with respect to the atomic clock on the ground and are detected by an avalanche photodetector mounted on the nadir face of OPTI. An event timer records the arrival time with respect to the on-board clock with a typical precision of less than 100 ps. At the same time, a retroreflector array returns the transmitted pulse back to the ground. By comparing the transmitted and received times on the ground and the arrival time of the pulse at the satellite, the time difference between the ground and space clocks can be measured. During a single SLR contact with the satellite, roughly 1,000 such measurements will be performed over a ~100 s interval to estimate the time transfer precision over time scales <100 s.
Figure 1: CHOMPTT time-transfer concept (image credit: CHOMPTT Team)
Figure 1: CHOMPTT time-transfer concept (image credit: CHOMPTT Team)
The equation shown in Figure 1, describes how the three observables are used to compute the ground/space clock discrepancy, χ. A light pulse is transmitted from the ground at time t0ground (referenced to the ground clock) and is received at the satellite at time t1space (referenced to the space clock). The time that the returned pulse is received back at the ground is t2ground. The clock discrepancy is then the difference between the measured arrival time of the pulse at the satellite and the expected arrival time based on time measurements made on the ground. The expected time is the average of the emitted and received times on the ground plus a correction, Δt. The correction, Δt, accounts for the systematic time offset that is the sum of contributions from (a) asymmetry in the atmospheric delay between the uplink and downlink paths of the laser pulse, (b) the geometrical offset between the reflection and detection equivalent locations on OPTI, and (c) general and special relativity. The relativistic time offset is the only contribution that is significant and must be accounted for, while the atmospheric and geometric effects are negligible compared with the mission's 200 ps precision goal (Ref.6) . Estimates of the satellite's ephemeris based on on-board GPS data are used to compute both the relativistic rate difference between the ground and space clocks and the relativistic contribution to Δt.
In the baseline mission concept, shown in Figure 1, the measured arrival time of the optical pulse at the CubeSat is transmitted to the University of Florida ground station using the amateur radio frequency band. By combining these data with the timing measurements obtained at the SLR facility and the orbit determination information, the clock discrepancy, χ, can be calculated.

OPTI (Optical Precision Time-transfer Instrument)
The CHOMPTT spacecraft comprises the space instrument, OPTI, and


Importance of Communication with Patients In a Healthcare Setting
This word achieve harangue the concern of communicating efficiently in a vigortrouble elucidation. It is grandly relevant that physicians and all medical staff imbisect after a conjuncture endurings. Message is how medical staff, physicians and endurings ascertain out living instruction. The medical staff learns instruction environing the enduring and the deduce for the investigate. The physician learns further environing the enduring through chat and haranguees the deduce for the investigate. The enduring learns instruction environing the ends that are going on after a conjuncture him or her and how to go environing solving the ends. This can be considered a stamp of ongoing fetter reaction. Everyone should imbisect efficiently after a conjuncture one another owing after a conjunctureout comely message, we do not fashion any recognition. Healthtrouble facilities can use proficiency in the messages area. There are ways to appliance efficient message expertnesss. Message is a key rudiment in the vigortrouble scope. Clinical or medical staff and physicians should imbisect further efficiently after a conjuncture endurings. Having impecunious message expertnesss can origin solemn ends among vigor trouble staff and collectrs. "Poor message expertnesss after a conjuncturein a vigor trouble elucidation can effect in misintelligence and mediocre decisions that could adversely desire a enduring's vigor and welfare" (Ponte 2011). Impecunious Message [Communication demand is a grand aider in clinical outcomes. A material bisect of instruction end comes from message among vigor trouble workers. Message errors were endow to be the deep origin of hospital deaths. Message infrastructure influences message bearing after a conjuncturein organizations. Interruptive message is one of the indirect bearings observed in impecunious message (Parker & Coiera 2000). Impecunious message can be peevish into a unconditional bearing by adopting steps to imbisect further efficiently. Poor messages can desire a enduring's vigor and welfare. Impecunious message can so guide to collectr and enduring traitorship. Having potent message expertnesss is a must for new practitioners. Written language are a rise of impecunious message. Getting aid from mentors environing how to be a amieffectual communicator would be a grand fancy (Ponte 2011). Keeping a enduring from comely frustrated after a conjuncture a physician or a medical staff rudiment can be handled comelyly if everyone imparts efficiently after a conjuncture one another. When explaining things to a enduring, it is best to construct secure the enduring easily implys anything. There are appended steps one can procure to aid a enduring imply and that could be as undesigning as giving out a tractate or word environing the end(s) or flush giving the enduring printed out documents that the enduring can interpret. Also, harangueing any questions and concerns the enduring may possess can be a stamp of efficient message. Patient amends can go a crave way and if the enduring is content then the chances of that enduring returning is lofty. Message Concern [The word from http://www. apa. org tells why it is so relevant for endurings to imbisect after a conjuncture physicians. Sometimes endurings confide tail from interrogation questions. Also, some reach intimidated so for-this-reason they don't unquestionably chat after a conjuncture the physician. Sharing instruction is an relevant rudiment of vigor trouble. Research indicates that efficient message is tied to unconditional medical outcomes (Weir 2012). Some endurings may be a trivial shy to chat after a conjuncture the physician environing vigor concerns. If comely message expertnesss are used then the physician may be effectual to imbisect after a conjuncture the enduring to get him or her to unreserved up and chat environing the vigor problems. Gaining the appreciation of faith can aid construct a enduring reach further commodious. In arrange to indicate what may be going on after a conjuncture your matter you demand to be effectual to imbisect after a conjuncture the physician. The word from the Journal of the American Medical Association tells how some endurings cognizance ends after a conjuncture physicians not heeding owing they are frequently too occupied. Effective message after a conjuncture endurings can procure opportunity, but it so requires that physicians procure the opportunity to heed closely to each enduring. Some medical trains and residency programs don't collect ample teaching environing efficient message expertnesss. However, medical teaching on ward and residency levels requires material efforts to correct message expertnesss conjuncture in train. Flush though counsel and technology has spent balance the spent few decades the best medical trouble consists of recognition in counsel and message expertnesss (Levinson & Pizzo 2011). Not barely is message relevant, heeding is relevant as polite. One must earliest heed in arrange to imbisect efficiently after a conjuncture a enduring environing any ends or concerns. "But the heart expertness of amieffectual message is heeding" (Handzo 2012). Some physicians do construct you reach relish they are rushing you to permission the station and some act relish they are in a speed for star further relevant. No one lacks to go to a doctor's station or a hospital to entertain trouble and reach relish they were proportioned there for rush. Making a enduring reach relevant and respected should be a initiative. Listening and Intelligence [Communication is key, but casually easier said than done. Using language that endurings imply is a big dispense. You lack to construct secure to use language a enduring can imply so that they in-fact do easily imply what you are maxim. Listening is a heart expertness for amieffectual message, but amieffectual heeding is environing having a amieffectual implying. Patients lack to be heeded to and most of all respected (Handzo 2012). Patients are further relishly to imply their vigor problems if they can imply their doctors. A physician's similarity after a conjuncture each enduring is built on efficient message (Travaline, Ruchinskas, and D'Alonzo 2005). Verbal and nonverbal message are twain essential in vigor trouble. A physician who can efficiently imbisect bad tidings after a conjuncture a enduring in a benevolent form achieve be effectual to correct and confirm their enduring-physician similarity. It is relevant for a physician to be effectual to imbisect twain unconditional and indirect tidings after a conjuncture a enduring (Travaline, Ruchinskas, and D'Alonzo 2005). Disposal [In disposal, message is very relevant. Listening is so relevant owing you must heed in arrange to impart. In vigorcare, message plays a material role. Everyone, including medical staff, physicians and endurings must imbisect efficiently after a conjuncture one another. Poor message can imagine errors and misintelligence. Having a amieffectual implying environing your vigor is relevant. If a enduring does not easily imply star, there are ways to aid them imply such giving the enduring a word that covers further instruction environing the end(s) he or she is having. Efficient message can go a crave way in the vigortrouble scope.


text:
A century ago, a British museum curator named John Alfred Carlton Deas organized sessions where blind children could handle objects in the Sunderland museum collection.
The event was so successful that he expanded the program to include blind adults.
The idea makes sense not just for blind people, but also for visual artists. If you know how a form feels, you can definitely draw it better.
An interesting drawing exercise is to confront a novel object blindfolded and then, without looking at it, figure out how to draw it. The experience gives you a whole new understanding of shading and contours.
These photographs come from the Public Domain Review.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Remote sensing of water vapour in Venus' middle atmosphere
The Pioneer Venus Orbiter Infrared Radiometer and Venera 15 Fourier Transform Spectrometer observations of thermal emission from Venus' middle atmosphere between 10°S and 50°N were used to determine global maps of temperature, cloud optical depth and water vapour abundance. The spectral regions observed include the strong 15 μtm carbon dioxide band and the 45 μm fundamental rotational water band. The main aim of this thesis is to reconcile the water vapour abundance results from these two sets of observations reported in previous studies. New radiative transfer and retrieval models have been developed for this purpose based on new correlated-k absorption tables calculated with up-to-date spectral line data. The H2SO4 cloud opacity and scattering properties have been recalculated from new refractive index data using Mie theory. For the first time these two sets of observations have been analysed using the same retrieval tools. From the Pioneer Venus Orbiter Infrared Radiometer observations we report a high abundance of water vapour in the early afternoon at the equatorial cloud-top region and a strong day-night variability in the cloud-top pressure. From the Venera 15 Fourier Transform Spectrometer observations we report medium local variability in water vapour abundance, with highest values in the near-equatorial region and slight decrease towards the polar region. It is found that serious constraints are placed on the validation of the retrievals by the lack of adequately accurate H2SO4 optical properties data in the shorter wavelengths and by the poor vertical resolution when sensing the complex but interesting cloud region which prohibits its rigorous modelling. The proposed European Space Agency Venus Express mission will carry a number of high resolution infrared and UV instruments that will shed new light to the interesting question of water vapour abundance in Venus' middle atmosphere.


How students can help
Please email this text to Prof.Day using your university email account and ask your friends to do the same!
Please send to:
Professor Chris Day,
Vice-chancellor & President
Dear Professor Day,
I am a student at this university. I support the strike and have some questions to ask.
- How is the university going to address the use of temporary contracts that leave hourly paid staff 10 minutes to mark essays a student may have spent weeks working on?
- How, as a member of the board of UUK (the employers' association), are you bringing people to the table to negotiate an end to the dispute over pensions?
- How is the university addressing the 17% median gender pay-gap and the causes of it?
- How is the university accounting for its BME pay-gap and the causes of it?


text:
Degrees of Lust
yathadarso malena ca
tatha tenedam avrtam
(Bhagavad Gita 03.38)
Translation: As ﬁre is covered by smoke, as a mirror is covered by dust, or as the embryo is covered by the womb, the living entity is similarly covered by different degrees of this lust.
Purport: There are three degrees of covering of the living entity by which his pure consciousness is obscured. This covering is but lust under different manifestations like smoke in the ﬁre, dust on the mirror, and the womb about the embryo. When lust is compared to smoke, it is understood that the ﬁre of the living spark can be a little perceived. In other words, when the living entity exhibits his Krishna consciousness slightly, he may be likened to the ﬁre covered by smoke. Although ﬁre is necessary where there is smoke, there is no overt manifestation of ﬁre in the early stage. This stage is like the beginning of Krishna consciousness. The dust on the mirror refers to a cleansing process of the mirror of the mind by so many spiritual methods. The best process is to chant the holy names of the Lord. The embryo covered by the womb is an analogy illustrating a helpless position, for the child in the womb is so helpless that he cannot even move. This stage of living condition can be compared to that of the trees. The trees are also living entities, but they have been put in such a condition of life by such a great exhibition of lust that they are almost void of all consciousness. The covered mirror is compared to the birds and beasts, and the smoke-covered ﬁre is compared to the human being. In the form of a human being, the living entity may revive a little Krishna consciousness, and, if he makes further development, the ﬁre of spiritual life can be kindled in the human form of life. By careful handling of the smoke in the ﬁre, ﬁre can be made to blaze. Therefore the human form of life is a chance for the living entity to escape the entanglement of material existence. In the human form of life, one can conquer the enemy, lust, by cultivation of Krishna consciousness under able guidance.


text:
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID, //) is one of the 27 institutes and centers that make up the National Institutes of Health (NIH), an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). NIAID's mission is to conduct basic and applied research to better understand, treat, and prevent infectious, immunologic, and allergic diseases.
|December 29, 1955; 68 years ago (1955-12-29)
|United States Government
|North Bethesda, Maryland, US (Rockville, Maryland, mailing address)
|Health and Human Services
|National Institutes of Health
NIAID has on-campus laboratories in Maryland and Hamilton, Montana, and funds research conducted by scientists at institutions in the United States and throughout the world. NIAID also works closely with partners in academia, industry, government, and non-governmental organizations in multifaceted and multidisciplinary efforts to address emerging health challenges such as the H1N1/09 pandemic and the COVID-19 pandemic.


text:
HISPA (Hispanics Inspiring Students' Performance and Achievement)
of Private Matching Funds Remaining
Mission: To mobilize Hispanic professionals as active role models in local educational programs. Vision: To contribute to America's future by inspiring students' academic performance and achievement. HISPA mobilizes Hispanic professionals to eradicate one key reason why youth don't pursue education: a lack of role models. Unless students believe they can achieve, they risk of dropping out—and indeed, Hispanic dropout is the highest of all racial/ethnic groups. This has social and economic consequences as jobs demand more education and Hispanics make up more of the workforce. Research shows that early intervention is key to reducing dropout. It also shows strong correlation between having a role model and pursuing education. HISPA programs intervene during this critical period to emphasize the importance of academics, introduce careers, and demonstrate that all students can achieve their dreams. The HISPA Role Model Program puts Hispanic professionals in Hispanic-majority school classrooms to emphasize the importance of higher education and introduce potential future careers. HISPA Youth Conferences bring 150 students to a university campus for hands-on workshops alongside positive role models to introduce college life and encourage STEM studies and careers. HISPA Corporate Visits to company headquarters allow students to explore career options immersed in a professional setting. Students tour labs and work with cutting-edge technologies and hear from company leaders.
573 Harding Avenue
Perth Amboy, NJ 08861
The HISPA Role Model Program: After sharing his personal, educational and professional journey at a school in his community, a HISPA Role Model takes a picture with students.


Conditional Statements, Converses, Counterexamples, Truth Values
Worksheet (Geometry)
PDF: Geometry - conditional statements, converses, counterexamples, truth values
Conditional Statements, Converses, Counterexamples, Truth Values Worksheet
This worksheet contains introductory questions on conditional statements and converses. Students are asked to name and identify the parts of a conditional statement (hypothesis & conclusion), to find the converse of a conditional, to determine the truth value of a statement, and provide counterexamples.
To idenify hypothesis and conclusions and find converses in conditional statements.
Number of Problems:
Answer Key:
Write the hypothesis and conclusion of each conditional.
1) If it rains, then the game will be cancelled.
2) If you do not sleep, you will be tired.
3) AB = BC if B is the midpoint of AC.
4) If x = -2, then x2 = 4
Show that each conditional is false by finding a counterexample.
5) If an animal is a bird, then it is a penguin. 6) If x > 2, then x > 5
7) If a number is divisible by 2, then it is divisible by 4.
Write the converse of each statement. If the converse is true, write true. If the converse is false, give a counterexample.
8) If two angles are right angles, then they are congruent.
9) If x + 20 = 25, then x = 5.
Download Worksheet
Download Worksheet
All Worksheets © Tutor-USA. All Rights Reserved.


text:
Earliest Canadian-made chanukiyah discovered
MONTREAL — What is believed to be the earliest known Canadian-made ceremonial chanukiyah has been identified by Eiran Harris, archivist emeritus of Montreal's Jewish Public Library Archives.
It was discovered in the collection of Congregation Shaar Hashomayim, Canada's oldest existing Ashkenazi congregation, founded in 1858. The chanukiyah is now prominently displayed in the synagogue's Edward Bronfman Museum.
In 1904, during his presidency of the congregation, Lyon Cohen donated the brass chanukiyah to the synagogue on the occasion of his son's bar mitzvah.
The 40-by-32-centimetre candelabra was cast at the W.R. Cuthbert Brass Foundry, which was owned by the Cohen family. In his youth, prior to achieving international renown as a poet and singer, Lyon Cohen's grandson, Leonard, worked at the foundry, Harris said.
On the base is engraved the following, "Presented to Shaar Hashomayim Congregation by Lyon Cohen, President, on the occasion of the Bar Mitzvah of his eldest son, Chanukah 5665, December 3, 1904."
The eldest son was Nathan "Natty" Bernard Cohen, Leonard's father.
Lyon Cohen would become the first president of Canadian Jewish Congress in 1919.
Harris is confident of his claim. "No other older Canadian-made chanukiyah in Canada or anywhere else has been identified," he said.
"Hundreds of Chanukah lamps are displayed in museums throughout the world as examples of ornate Jewish art produced in various countries. Now a Canadian example is also proudly displayed," Harris said.


text:
George Snape (1894 - 1984)
Biography & Family History Add details
George Snape (1894 - 1984) was born on September 11, 1894. He was born into the Snape family.
He died in December 1984 at 90 years of age.
George Snape's last known residence is at Northampton, Hampshire County, Massachusetts.
This record of George Snape comes from the United States Social Security Death Index. What is the SSDI?
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- Northampton, Hampshire County, Massachusetts
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- Henry Snape


text:
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
|Title:||Alder based farming system a traditional farming practices in Nagaland for amelioration of jhum land|
|Authors:||Rathore, S S|
|Series/Report no.:||Int. Cl.7: A01B1/00, A01B15/00, A01B19/00, A01C3/00, A01C5/00, A01C7/00|
|Abstract:||Jhum cultivation is commonly practiced by indigenous tribes in Northeast India. Many of the farmers in Nagaland have developed and practicing Alder (Alnus nepalensis) based farming system. The paper discusses in detail steps involved in increasing the yield of jhum crops.|
|ISSN:||0975-1068 (Online); 0972-5938 (Print)|
|Appears in Collections:||IJTK Vol.09(4) [October 2010]|
Items in NOPR are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.


text:
CsAuthors.net's algorithm finds the shortest co-authorship path between two authors. A co-authorship
path is defined as a list of authors such that each pair of neighboring authors on that list
co-authored at least a paper.
In cases where there exists different paths between two authors having a minimal length, the system will
select the path such that the sum of the logarithms of the number of collaborations between authors
is the highest.
In cases where no co-authorship path exists between two authors, the system reports an infinite
distance between them (denoted using the mathematical symbol "∞"). This situation is relatively rare
since currently 88.8% users are in the same connected
subset of the graph.


text:
How To Fatten Up A Dog With Kidney Disease Ideas Guide 2022. _URL_ additionally, try to stick to foods with low levels of phosphorous, since too much […] Is my dog drinking less water than usual?
If you aim to fatten up a dog, that does not mean you need to reduce exercise. As only moderate amounts of protein and fat are appropriate for dogs with kidney disease, a dog kidney diet can contain up to 40 percent of carbohydrates so the dog can get enough calories. Homemade diet for cats with kidney failure with images.
These Cats Should Be Fed A Diet Low ( 15% On A Dry Mater Basis) In Carbohydrate Content.they May Make Your Cat Feel Full, But They Won't Help Her Gain Weight.this Can Best Be Done By Monitoring Your Cat's Body Condition, Muscle Condition, And Weight.
Commercial diets for cats with ckd are developed support kidney function while maintaining body condition. How to fatten up a dog with kidney disease. In acute kidney failure, toxins are building up in a cat's bloodstream due to the kidneys' inability to function.
Product Review For Renal Dog Food.
Because of these dangerous factors, a cat will need to be on iv fluids in order to help flush the toxins in their system and take some of the stress off of the kidneys. If you aim to fatten up a dog, that does not mean you need to reduce exercise. To fatten up your dog, take the dog's breed, age, and level of activity into account.
Mattie's Healthy Treats For Dogs With Kidney Disease.
Therefore, one of the best ways to fatten up a cat is to give them some kitten, or soft food. Acute kidney failure also causes electrolyte imbalances and severe dehydration. Some senior dogs do not drink enough water due to kidney disease or behavioral changes.
250G Lean Chicken Mince 250Gm Potato 2 Tbsp Olive Oil 1/2 Teaspoon Ground Cooked Egg Shells Or Calcium Powder Acute Kidney Failure Also Causes Electrolyte Imbalances And Severe Dehydration.
How to fatten up a cat with kidney. This low protein and phosphorus food, is the ideal choice for dogs, suffering from ailments of the kidney. Decreased dietary protein may slow the progression of ckd by decreasing the workload on the kidneys to excrete protein waste products.
Use Honey Or Sugar On Cereal And In Beverages.
To encourage more water intake, change your pet's water several times a day, clean your pet's water bowl daily, and consider the use of a running water fountain to increase water interest. Is my dog drinking less water than usual? You don't want a fat dog, you want a healthy one that has the right weight for its type.


text:
Charles Leonard Cropper was born in Ulverston, Lancashire, England in January 1894, the middle child of the Reverend Charles Henry Edward Cropper and Ethel Mary (Green). He was educated at Trent College, Nottingham and London University, training as a school teacher. Following his WWI service (as a Captain, 5th Northamptonshire Regiment), he moved to Canada in March 1920. His aim was to farm in Saskatchewan, where he spent a few years. However, at the urging of his uncle, Hugh Septimus Green (already a resident), he made his way to Salt Spring Island and took up 20 acres of land on the Fulford-Ganges Road (bordering Mereside Farm) .
Working with Mr. Beddis, a carpenter, he built a home and barns and established an orchard. In addition to finding work where available, he raised chickens, and also grew raspberries. In June 1925 he married Mary Stuart Davidson, a Scottish nurse working at Lady Minto Hospital. Their son, Leonard Atholl Stuart, was born in October 1927, followed five years later by twins, Doris and Muriel.
When Formby House School became available, Charles Leonard moved his family to Ganges and for the next five years ran the school, until the family moved to Victoria in 1940. As well as academic subjects for the approximately 25 students, Mr. Cropper coached his pupils in Archery and .22 Rifles, building target practice ranges on the 9-acre property. He was invited to be President of the Ganges Boys Club and remained in this role until the family left the Island. He was also very involved in Theatre productions on the Island.
After leaving Salt Spring, Mr. Cropper taught at St. Michael's University School in Victoria until his death in 1957. The family did not return but have continued to harbour a keen interest in the Island and its welfare through the years.more photos


text:
Archer and NASA sign Space Act Agreement
Archer has signed a Space Act Agreement with NASA to safety test the battery cells which will power its aircraft Midnight.
The agreement begins with a project focused on high-performance battery cells with advanced air mobility (AAM) and space use cases, like Archer's Midnight. Conducted at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), tests will address areas such as avoiding side wall rupture and defining cell design factors that improve longevity and robustness regardless of flight conditions. Overall the joint effort will provide validation of 21,700 battery cells, according to sources close to the deal. That is enough for about three aircraft as one Midnight holds six battery packs each containing more than 1,000 cells.
"We're extremely proud to partner with NASA, who has pioneered the eVTOL industry over the last three-plus decades, in support of our collective mission to ensure US leadership in aerospace continues for decades to come," said Adam Goldstein, Archer's Founder and CEO. "Many countries around the world are challenging the US in this new era of flight and our country is at risk of losing its global leadership position unless we work together, government and industry, to ensure we seize the moment and pioneer this new era of aviation technology, which stands to benefit all Americans."
NASA said its goal is to test Archer's battery cell and system design and share the results to push the AAM industry forward as a whole. The battery cell form factor Archer has gone for, a cylindrical cell, has a track record of safety, performance and scalability proven through decades of volume manufacturing, it said. Whilst not aviation-specific, the cylindrical cell form factor is used in many applications, including millions of electric vehicles.
Reacting to the news on social media, Mark Moore CEO Whisper Aero said: "NASA was the first in developing eVTOL's technology foundation in 2006 through bold efforts like Puffin, GL-10, LeapTech and X-57. Now industry leads the next stage to commercialise and get this new transportation capability into the public.
"Really proud to see private-public partnerships promote a commitment to the highest level of safety. Midnight's battery team is simply amazing and I am bought into their proven cylindrical cell approach as being the safest and most balanced approach to battery electric aviation," he added.


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If you teach STEM subjects – or even if you used to teach and you want to continue by contributing both in your country and internationally – this booklet will give you an overview of what Scientix is and does, and how you can get involved and benefit.
As a current teacher, you will also learn how Scientix can assist with your classes and daily teaching, your students and even your professional career.
For a STEM researcher or project manager, Scientix is a ready-made community of teachers and other education professionals. This booklet will give detailed information on the opportunities that exist to engage and collaborate with them.
Policymakers will learn about the available resources, and get an overall picture of the state of affairs in STEM education in Europe, as well as in individual countries. Our network of National Contact Points supports Scientix at the national level. You will also gain insights into the results and outcomes stemming from hundreds of science education projects from the past, present and future.
If you are a career counsellor and you would like to know more about how to promote STEM studies, Scientix can support you. Our specific training activities and tools can also help encourage the uptake of relevant jobs in your schools. And finally, if you are a stakeholder in STEM education – as a parent, or a student or simply a contributing tax-payer – this booklet will give you a comprehensive insight into everything Scientix does and the reason why Scientix is important for science education.


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Because many rural poor live in areas far away from markets, we investigate whether better road access could help improve their livelihood and reduce rural poverty. We use three waves of a primary panel survey at the household level conducted in 18 remote natural villages in China to study how road access shapes farmers' agricultural production patterns and input uses and affects rural poverty. Our results show that access to roads is strongly associated with specialization in agricultural production. In natural villages with better road access, farmers plant fewer numbers of crops, purchase more fertilizer, and invest more money in labor. In combination with such factors, road connections improve household agricultural income—in particular, cash income—and contribute to poverty reduction in the surveyed villages. However, better access to rural roads does not appear to bring about significant changes in nonagricultural income.
Evidence from rural China
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)


AssemblyNet: A large ensemble of CNNs for 3D Whole Brain MRI Segmentation
11/20/2019 ∙ by Pierrick Coupé, et al. ∙ 40
Whole brain segmentation using deep learning (DL) is a very challenging task since the number of anatomical labels is very high compared to the number of available training images. To address this problem, previous DL methods proposed to use a single convolution neural network (CNN) or few independent CNNs. In this paper, we present a novel ensemble method based on a large number of CNNs processing different overlapping brain areas. Inspired by parliamentary decision-making systems, we propose a framework called AssemblyNet, made of two "assemblies" of U-Nets. Such a parliamentary system is capable of dealing with complex decisions, unseen problem and reaching a consensus quickly. AssemblyNet introduces sharing of knowledge among neighboring U-Nets, an "amendment" procedure made by the second assembly at higher-resolution to refine the decision taken by the first one, and a final decision obtained by majority voting. During our validation, AssemblyNet showed competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art methods such as U-Net, Joint label fusion and SLANT. Moreover, we investigated the scan-rescan consistency and the robustness to disease effects of our method. These experiences demonstrated the reliability of AssemblyNet. Finally, we showed the interest of using semi-supervised learning to improve the performance of our method.
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This week in AI


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\$\begingroup\$
The partial sums of a list of integers [a1, a2, a3, ..., an] are
s1 = a1
s2 = a1 + a2
s3 = a1 + a2 + a3
...
sn = a1 + a2 + ... + an
We can then take the list of partial sums [s1, s2, s3, ..., sn] and compute its partial sums again to produce a new list, and so on.
Related: Iterated forward differences
Input:
 - A non-empty list of integers
 - A positive number of iterations,
Output: Print or return the list of integers that results from taking the partial sums that many times.
Fewest bytes wins. Built-ins are OK even if they outright solve the problem.
Test cases:
f([-3, 4, 7, -1, 15], 1) == [-3, 1, 8, 7, 22]
f([-3, 4, 7, -1, 15], 3) == [-3, -5, 1, 14, 49]
Leaderboard:
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The Church of St. Mary, originally built as the chapel of Charlemagne's imperial palace in Aachen in 786 AD, was part of the emperor's dream of creating a 'new Rome'.
With this building he laid the foundations of one of the most important architectural monuments in Europe. The cathedral's appearance reflects more than 1,000 years of history. Charlemagne's palatine chapel forms the core of the cathedral. The single-nave chancel was consecrated on the 600th anniversary of his death and the bold architecture of the 'glass house', as it is known, is as impressive today as it was then. During the 600 years from 936 to 1531, 30 German kings were crowned in Aachen Cathedral. Today, the cathedral has lost nothing of the splendour of centuries past. The first ensemble of historical and architectural importance in Germany to be inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list (in 1978), this is a building of outstanding significance.


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Swiss Avenue Historic District is a neighborhood located in Old East Dallas, Dallas, Texas. You will see some of the most beautiful residential architecture in this neighborhood during the early 20th century. The Swiss Avenue Historic District boundaries include some parts of Dallas' earliest streets such as Bryan Street, Beacon Street, La Vista Drive, Swiss Avenue, Bryan Parkway, and Swiss Avenue. In this article, we are going to know more about the history of this charming and notable neighborhood.
After some Belgian, French, and Swiss settlers, known as the La Reunion Colony, did not succeed in making an entire community on the west side of Trinity River in 1855, most of them decided to remain in Dallas. They settled on the east side of the Trinity River to have a fresh start. Some of the people who chose to settle on the west side of Trinity River were Swiss businessmen Jacob Nussbaumer and Henry Boll. They both settled in 1859, and they both had adjoining properties located along White Rock Road, and they later renamed it as Swiss Avenue, as a nod to their native country.
After Jacob Nussbaumer's and Henry Boll finished their service in Colonel Nat Buford's 19th Texas Cavalry in 1865, they subdivided and sold parts of their property located along Swiss Avenue to some of La Reunion settlers and Dallas' new wave of European immigrants.
In 1873, when the Texas & Pacific Railroad crossed the Houston & Texas Central, businesses started to develop and thrive around the intersection. Not only that, but the residential development to the east also had the chance to be extended. That is why from 1882 to 1889, a small and independent town of East Dallas was established.
In 1851 brothers Robert and Collett S. Munger made a lot of money in the cotton gin industry. That is why they began to develop the north side of Old East Dallas, and they made the Swiss avenue as its centerpiece. After developing the land, the Munger brothers advertised the location as the most desirable and beautiful residential district in Southland, and hailed Swiss Avenue as the upscale core of the Munger Place development.
The Munger brothers wanted to promote Munger Place as a strictly high class and luxurious residential district. That is why they decided to establish Munger Place as the first deed-restricted neighborhood in Texas. Aside from that, they also implemented rules which states that houses on Swiss Avenue should be full two stories, each house should cost at least $10,000, and they should have a uniform setback of sixty feet. Because it was designed as a landscape boulevard for the most expensive homes, Swiss Avenue was hailed as Dallas's silk-stocking district. The neighborhood has its collection of Tudor, Neoclassical, Spanish Eclectic, Colonial Revival, Prairie style, and Italian Renaissance houses built and designed by well-known architects such as Hal Thomson, Lang & Witchell, and C.E. Barglebaugh. In 1900s, Swiss Avenue was the representation of the grandeur of Dallas's professional and social elite.
Today, the Swiss Avenue Historic District has about 200 houses situated on portions of Bryan Parkway, Swiss Avenue, Bryan Street, Live Oak Street, and La Vista Avenue. Homes in this neighborhood all have sweeping lawns, an historical architecture, significant setbacks, and oak-lined streets. Swiss Avenue Historic District is now known to reflect the prestige and graciousness of a bygone era. We can now appreciate the beauty of these houses thanks to Swiss Avenue residents' efforts during the 1970s. Because they all worked hard to ensure the houses are preserved in their neighborhood. In fact, the Swiss Avenue Historical District is Dallas' first historic district after the foundation of the Historic Preservation League. Almost all of the house in the Swiss Avenue Historic District has been fully renovated. That is why the neighborhood was able to earn the title of being one of the most beautiful intact communities of the early 20th-century residential architecture in the United States of America.


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Silicone products factory production process is a complex process, with different causal will naturally appear different questions, such as silicone brush in the production process of washing a face may appear different product delivery delays, poor phenomenon for silicone wash a face to brush the effect, as well as the demand has been a vast consumers will choose life daily products, so for the manufacturers pay attention to the process of product design, appearance quality, precision, and so on all need strict control, due to the surface of the product process is different from the material such as nylon brush, that need to be good enough in the mold design above, so many production problems for molding hydraulic link, so need to pay attention to during production.
The attention of the first products mainly lies in the mould, because cleansing brush mould structure is complex, the mold is made of three layer mold mold core need to be removed from the machine in using artificial way of pulling the product removed from the template, so in the process of take off may lead to brush a head of fracture in the mold core, this can lead to bad product, and is found and leads to the second moulded products continuously, so in the production process of cleansing brush just produced products is very important to check the goods, such as was not found the problem, is likely to lead to subsequent products will appear continuous bad phenomenon.
Based on the analysis of the silicone products
manufacturer small make up for the silicone skin cleaning brush the reason of fracture phenomenon has some cause: 1, the production of uniform spraying mold release agents, lead to products sticky die out fracture phenomenon.
2, mixing rubber placed a long time, is the one inducing the inefficiency of vulcanizing agent, popular performance reducing sulfide are not ripe, in case of high temperature molding side, package the wind phenomenon!
3, mold problems, in the case of long-term use of it is difficult to appear this kind of phenomenon, but placed too long did not maintain may appear rupture phenomenon, the number of second sandblasting too often appear all sorts of undesirable phenomenon can also lead to products!
4, in the production process did not good control of time, time is too long a product too greatly too forcibly brittle when plus freight, lead to fracture in the middle of the mold core products, eager to catch the goods time too soft or too short product not familiar phenomenon can also lead to products sticky mold phenomenon.
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Jiahao honey yali, silicone rubber products co. , LTD.
Dongguan Jiahao Miya Import and Export Trade Co., Ltd. works very hard to understand your objectives, then create a program that can help you meet them.
You can get a of any specification from Dongguan Jiahao Miya Import and Export Trade Co., Ltd. as we have varied specifications to suit different silicone straws needs and cater to a wide client base existing in both domestic and overseas market. please feel free to enquire us at Jiahao Miya.
Turn to Dongguan Jiahao Miya Import and Export Trade Co., Ltd. if you are looking for premier silicone straws solution, affordable packages, and quality reusable smoothie straws products! We produce wide series of high quality, first-class , and provide professional plastic straw replacement services at great prices.


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Symbols are used in visual energy to present Paint objects. 8 symbols ordered about each other forming a Paint object. visual energy is supplied with a symbol library, who can be displayed in the System configuration. Creating or editing with the web interface is currently not possible.
- Symbols are SVG graphics and can be scaled without loss.
- Symbols can contain Layers, whose can be faded in and out. Thus you can show dynamic switch positions.
- Symbols can contain placeholder for Components, or their specific property fields. Thus the user can choose in a Paint object of a Distribution from a list with fitting components. Subsequently the properties of the chosen object will be shown in the symbol.
- Symbols can contain placeholders for Meteringpoints. In this way the in the Distribution, a Meteringpoint can be associated to a Paint object.
- Symbols can contain placeholders for resources marks.


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The Law Commission recommends reform of the Right to Manage
Helena Bannister explores the Law Commission's Right to Manage report.
On 21 July 2020 the Law Commission published three reports on commonhold; leasehold enfranchisement/freehold acquisition and the Right to Manage (RTM). The Law Commission makes hundreds of recommendations on these areas of proposed leasehold reform. This article will focus on the RTM report.
Right to Manage
The Commonhold and Leasehold Reform Act 2002 gave leaseholders the ability to take over the freeholder's management functions without having to purchase the freehold. Current qualifying criteria have been deemed overly restrictive - it is not possible to exercise RTM on multiple buildings or buildings with more than 25% non-residential space. The Law Commission's recommendations include:
- The scope of buildings eligible extended, with the non-residential eligibility threshold raised to 50%.
- An extension of the right to leasehold house owners and give multi-building schemes a route to RTM.
- Removing the requirement that leaseholders pay the landlord's costs of an RTM claim, including in any tribunal proceedings. Giving leaseholders significantly more control and certainty over the costs they will incur will bring the RTM within reach of more leaseholders.
- Reducing the number of notices that leaseholders must serve in order to claim the RTM, and giving the tribunal the power to waive procedural mistakes in claim notices.
- Clearer rules for the management of property which is not exclusive to the premises claiming the RTM, such as shared gardens and carparks.
Alongside the Law Commission's recommendations on commonhold and enfranchisement, the Government will now need to decide whether these proposals to make the RTM procedure more accessible and workable should become law. If so, it could see an increase in tenants seeking to obtain control of management of existing leasehold developments, particularly with the proposed change in the non-residential threshold which would make many more buildings eligible. These reforms have been long in the making, and it remains to be seen whether the Government now pushes for these reforms to be implemented sooner rather than later.


Definition of Acute
Acute: Of abrupt onset, in reference to a disease. Acute often also connotes an illness that is of short duration, rapidly progressive, and in need of urgent care.
"Acute" is a measure of the time scale of a disease and is in contrast to "subacute" and "chronic." "Subacute" indicates longer duration or less rapid change. "Chronic" indicates indefinite duration or virtually no change.
The time scale depends on the particular disease. For example, an acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) may last a week, while an acute sore throat may only last a day or two.
QUESTION
Negative emotions are more powerful than positive emotions. See Answer
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Carnegie Mellon University hopes the device will create 'smart rooms' from multiple devices by utilising the Internet of Things.
A team from US-based Carnegie Mellon University has developed a device that can smarten up an entire room's worth of regular devices. The prototype, coined as a Synthetic Sensor, plugs into a regular wall power outlet and monitors the room it is placed in with sensors that commonly crop up in smart home devices, including sound, light, vibrations, heat, temperature, and electromagnetic signals. It then uses machine-learning algorithms to analyse what the data means.
The fast-developing nature of the Internet of Things means the average home of the future could be full of smart fridges, lights, thermostats, TVs, toasters, and so on, so the team hopes the Synthetic Sensor will enable all devices to come together to be as efficient as they can possibly be and feedback to the owners what they do. Since much of the data collated may be sensitive, the device stores and processes the data locally.
Access to smart devices has boomed in recent years, with similar examples of its effect on the technology industry including a smart t-shirt that has been developed with a respiratory monitor and smart blinds that generate electricity using solar energy. What innovation would you like to see to make an action more efficient?


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An oil well in the Timor Sea northwest of Australia has been leaking for more than a week. Operators continue to wait for a new rig to be brought to the site so that they can drill a relief well and cap the leaking one. This image from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA's Aqua satellite on August 30, 2009, shows the Timor Sea and what are probably oil slicks about 250 kilometers northwest of Western Australia.
Oil spills are usually difficult to see in natural-color (photo-like) satellite images, especially in the open ocean. Because the ocean surface is already so dark, the additional darkening or slight color change that results from a spill is usually imperceptible, especially once it starts to disperse. Occasionally viewing conditions are right, however, and the location of the oil slick coincides with the sunglint area of an image. When that happens, the slicks become more visible.
Sunglint is the mirror-like reflection of the Sun off the water. If the ocean were as smooth as a mirror, a sequence of nearly perfect reflections of the Sun would appear in a line along the track of the satellite's orbit (Aqua orbits roughly south to north over the daylight side of the Earth). Because the ocean is never perfectly smooth or calm, however, the Sun's reflection gets blurred as the light is scattered in all directions by waves. The blurred reflection gives the ocean surface a washed out appearance—the sunglint region.
An oil slick dampens waves on the water's surface, changing the way it reflects light. The smoothing of the waves can make the oil-covered parts of the sunglint area more or less reflective than surrounding waters (depending on the exact location within the sunglint area and the sensor's viewing angle). In this image, captured on August 30, 2009, the dark patches in the water at the eastern edge of the sunglint are likely oil slicks; they are similar in appearance to other slicks that have been detected in MODIS images, and they are in the correct location (near the leaking oil rig).
The slicks are located about 250 kilometers northwest of the Western Australia town of Truscott. The long distance from land is another indicator that these are oil slicks. Sometimes freshwater flowing into the sea can change the reflection in the sunglint area in a manner similar to an oil slick, but that explanation is unlikely for a location in the open ocean.
NASA image created by Jesse Allen, using data provided courtesy of the MODIS Rapid Response team. Caption by Rebecca Lindsey, with input from Chuanmin Hu, Institute for Marine Remote Sensing at the University of South Florida.
- Aqua - MODIS