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In protocols for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) I often see instructions to degas the gel solution by putting it under vacuum for 10-15 minutes before polymerizing the gel.
I usually don't do this, and when I tried it once I couldn't see any difference. So I'm wondering what exactly the degassing is meant to achieve and how big the effect should be.
 - What effect is degassing the gel solution supposed to have?
 - How important is degassing to achieve good gels?
Any literature that examines the effect of degassing would be appreciated.
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2 Answers 2
up vote 18 down vote accepted
The reason for degassing your gels is to remove oxygen. Oxygen in the gel interferes with polymerisation, slowing it down and making it less consistent, so degassing makes it faster and more uniform.
From the EncorBio SDS-PAGE protocol:
Polymerization is quicker and more uniform if you degas the first three solutions for a few minutes in an Ehrlenmeyer flask on a house vacuum prior to addition of the last three reagents. Molecular oxygen inhibits polymerisation by reacting with the free radical SO4- ions, which is actually the reason why PAGE gels are poured in tubes or between plates and not in open top horizontal apparatuses, as can be done with agarose. Also it's a good idea to layer some isopropanol on top of the gel as this prevents oxygen getting in and inhibiting polymerisation.
Oxygen can also lead to oxidation of protein products, which might be crucial if you then want to extract the products and use them for something else (e.g. Sun & Anderson, 2004).
Finally, having bubbles in your gel can distort the results and make them less reproducible, as the bubbles will not form consistently with each repetition and they disrupt the physical medium of the polyacrylamide. So another purpose of degassing is to ensure repeatability.
The Bio-Rad acrylamide polymerisation info sheet has the best info I could find:
The formation of polyacrylamide gels proceeds via free radical polymerization. The reaction is therefore inhibited by any element or compound that serves as a free radical trap (Chrambach 1985). Oxygen is such an inhibitor. Oxygen, present in the air, dissolved in gel solutions, or adsorbed to the surfaces of plastic, rubber, etc., will inhibit, and in extreme cases prevent, acrylamide polymerization. Proper degassing is critical for reproducibility. Therefore, one of the most important steps in the preparation of polyacrylamide gels is the evacuation, or "degassing" of gel solutions immediately prior to pouring the gel. This is done by placing the flask of gel solution in a vacuum chamber or under a strong aspirator. In some cases, a vacuum pump may be required.
Buffer stock solutions and monomer stock solutions are usually stored at 4°C. Cold solutions have a greater capacity for dissolved oxygen. The process of degassing is faster and more complete if the gel solution is brought to room temperature (23–25°C)‚ before degassing begins. Furthermore, if a cold gel solution is placed under vacuum, the process of evacuation tends to keep the solution cold. Pouring a gel with a cold solution will have a substantial negative effect on the rate of polymerization and on the quality of the resulting gel.
Polymerization in which riboflavin is used as one of the initiators calls for degassing. The conversion of riboflavin from the flavo to the leuco form (the species active in initiation) actually requires a small amount of oxygen (Gordon 1973).
This explains why polymerization initiated primarily by riboflavin can be completely blocked by exhaustive degassing. However, oxygen in excess of that needed to convert riboflavin to the active form will inhibit polymer chain elongation, as it does in reactions initiated only by ammonium persulfate and TEMED. Thus, while degassing is still important for limiting inhibition, it must not be so extensive that it prevents conversion of riboflavin to the active form. For polymerization initiated by riboflavin/TEMED, or riboflavin/TEMED/ammonium persulfate systems, degassing should not exceed 5 min.
A consequence of the interaction of riboflavin with oxygen is that riboflavin seems to act as an oxygen scavenger. This is supported by the observation that the addition of riboflavin (5 µg/ml) to stacking gel solutions containing ammonium persulfate/TEMED initiators results in cleaner, more uniform polymerization at gel surfaces exposed to oxygen (such as combs). The same effect could likely be achieved by more thorough degassing of solutions without riboflavin.
Whether using chemical polymerization (ammonium persulfate/TEMED) or photochemical polymerization (riboflavin/TEMED or riboflavin/TEMED/ammonium persulfate initiators), reproducible gel quality and separation characteristics require careful attention to gel solution temperature before degassing, and to degassing time, temperature, and vacuum. These parameters should be kept constant every time gels are prepared.
Sorry for the long quotes, but they are pasted here in case the original sources disappear.
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I have to say this is a very well laid out answer. In most applications of typical western blots conducted in our lab, we do not degas the gels and the results are very good. We do make the gels in tubes and pour between plates, effectively removing most of the oxygen from the reaction. – leonardo Mar 22 '12 at 0:36
I have been running gels with different Acrylamide/Bisacrylamide ratios recently. People usually work with 1:37.5, 1:29 ratios which are commonly used for DNA and Protein gels. I have noticed that when you work with lower ratios 1:200 - 1:500, degassing becomes fundamental to guarantee reproducible resolution of my proteins. If I don't degass the mix in one of these gels some of the proteins I am resolving (which migrate really close to one another) won't separate well enough. Also, the time it takes to polymerize the gel can go from 20 to about 45 minutes if I don't degass the solution beforehand. Degassing solutions with normal 1:29, 1:37.5 crosslinker ratios doesn't, in my experience, seem to have much of an effect other than having quicker polymerization times. Perhaps it makes a difference with lower concentration gels (8-5%), but I honestly wouldn't worry too much about this if I was routinely running 10-15% gels and reproducible resolution wasn't a concern.
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text:
The role of protein kinase C in melanosome dispersion was examined using the melanophores of the lizard Anolis carolinensis and an in-vitro rate method of bioassay. The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), which directly activates protein kinase C, was able to potentiate the melanophore response to α-MSH in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, the stimulatory response to forskolin, which activates the adenylate cyclase catalytic subunit, was also potentiated by TPA. The response of the melanophore to cyclic AMP, however, remained unaltered by any dose of TPA. We thus propose that the potentiation of α-MSH potency by TPA is through an interaction of protein kinase C with adenylate cyclase and, more specifically, that this interaction may be at the level of the linkage of the nucleotide regulatory subunit Ns with the catalytic moiety C of adenylate cyclase.
J. Endocr. (1987) 112, 283–287

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


A British Supermarket Successfully Sent a Chicken Nugget to Space
While many strange things have been sent up to space, from cookie dough to toilets worth millions of dollars, this is the first time fast food found its way to orbit. According to the media, the British supermarket chain Iceland Foods Ltd was able to launch a chicken nugget all the way up to space on October 13. The supermarket did the stunt as a way to celebrate its 50th anniversary.
According to Andrew Staniland, the chain's trading director, 2020 was a huge year for the Iceland Foods supermarkets, and they wanted to mark the occasion in a special way. He added that this was the best way for the chain to show that their products were indeed out of this world. The company sent a chicken nugget because it was one of its customers' favorite products.
 "Sent Into Space" Helped Get the Chicken Nugget Out of the Atmosphere
Chicken nugget in spaceIceland Foods teamed up with Sent Into Space to organize the launch and ensure it would be a complete success. The chicken nugget was taken to a predetermined launch site in Wales, where it was tied to a gas-filled weather balloon and released to go to Near Space. It reached an altitude of about 110,000 feet or 20.7 miles, and the media reported it traveled at about 200 mph.
When the nugget was at its highest point into space, the distance was enough to fit around 880,000 chicken nuggets. The nugget made it to Near Space easily and stayed in that area for a while. Scientists refer to Near Space when talking about the space between Earth's atmosphere and Outer Space. It starts at twelve miles above sea level and ends at around 62 miles.
The Chicken Nugget Floated in Space for About an Hour
The chicken nugget after one hour in space
Once the chicken nugget was in Near Space, it stayed there for about an hour and then started descending back to earth. Its fall had to be slowed down by a parachute, and the landing was also a success. Because the nugget was frozen when it was launched, it showed itself to be indifferent to the very low temperatures of space.


Help: server
The "server" command:
Usage: fossil server?OPTIONS??REPOSITORY?
or: fossil ui?OPTIONS??REPOSITORY?
Open a socket and begin listening and responding to HTTP requests on TCP port 8080, or on any other TCP port defined by the -P or --port option. The optional argument is the name of the repository. The repository argument may be omitted if the working directory is within an open checkout.
The "ui" command automatically starts a web browser after initializing the web server. The "ui" command also binds to and so will only process HTTP traffic from the local machine.
The REPOSITORY can be a directory (aka folder) that contains one or more repositories with names ending in ".fossil". In this case, a prefix of the URL pathname is used to search the directory for an appropriate repository. To thwart mischief, the pathname in the URL must contain only alphanumerics, "_", "/", "-", and ".", and no "-" may occur after "/", and every "." must be surrounded on both sides by alphanumerics. Any pathname that does not satisfy these constraints results in a 404 error. Files in REPOSITORY that match the comma-separated list of glob patterns given by --files and that have known suffixes such as ".txt" or ".html" or ".jpeg" and do not match the pattern "*.fossil*" will be served as static content. With the "ui" command, the REPOSITORY can only be a directory if the --notfound option is also present.
For the special case REPOSITORY name of "/", the list global configuration database is consulted for a list of all known repositories. The --repolist option is implied by this special case. See also the "fossil all ui" command.
By default, the "ui" command provides full administrative access without having to log in. This can be disabled by turning off the "localauth" setting. Automatic login for the "server" command is available if the --localauth option is present and the "localauth" setting is off and the connection is from localhost. The "ui" command also enables --repolist by default.
--baseurl URL
Use URL as the base (useful for reverse proxies)
Create a new REPOSITORY if it does not already exist
--extroot DIR
Document root for the /ext extension mechanism
--files GLOBLIST
Comma-separated list of glob patterns for static files
enable automatic login for requests from localhost
listen on only (always true for "ui")
Indicates that the input is coming through a reverse proxy that has already translated HTTPS into HTTP.
--jsmode MODE
Determine how JavaScript is delivered with pages. Mode can be one of:
All JavaScript is inserted inline at the end of the HTML file.
Separate HTTP requests are made for each JavaScript file.
One single separate HTTP fetches all JavaScript concatenated together.
Depending on the needs of any given page, inline and bundled modes might result in a single amalgamated script or several, but both approaches result in fewer HTTP requests than the separate mode.
--max-latency N
Do not let any single HTTP request run for more than N seconds (only works on unix)
Do not compress HTTP replies
Drop root privileges but do not enter the chroot jail
signal that no SSL connections are available (Always set by default for the "ui" command)
--notfound URL
--page PAGE
Start "ui" on PAGE. ex: --page "timeline?y=ci"
-P|--port TCPPORT
listen to request on port TCPPORT
trace TH1 execution (for debugging purposes)
If REPOSITORY is dir, URL "/" lists repos.
Accept SCGI rather than HTTP
--skin LABEL
Use override skin LABEL
Use saved encryption key from parent process. This is only necessary when using SEE on Windows.
See also: cgi, http, winsrv


EpiCan
The Canadian Partnership for Tomorrow Project (CPTP) is the product of $150+ million dollar investment to create first class infrastructure to support health research internationally. It is Canada's largest population cohort with detailed data and biospecimens on 300,000+ adults. CPTP leaders have teamed-up with scientists from a range of disciplines to enable a deeper understanding of how air pollution and the surroundings where people live interact with genes to influence cardiometabolic health. Existing data and resources are used to address essential questions for public health authorities, researchers, and health practitioners. The focus is on metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of medical conditions common among aging adults: obesity, hypertension, high cholesterol, high blood sugar, and insulin resistance. Because people with MetS are more likely to develop diabetes and cardiovascular disease, MetS represents a substantial burden on healthcare systems. MetS results from the interaction of genes, lifestyle and the environment, but these mechanisms are not well understood. This program aims to quantify the effect of air pollution and built environment on MetS, and map differences in DNA that impact gene expression, and see if their effect are modified by environmental factors. Currently, no studies exist on the genetic and environmental risk factors of MetS at this scale, nor is there any program that has the infrastructure to return and share data with researchers to facilitate discovery.
Overview
Start Date
01-11-2015
End Date
31-10-2020
Contact Details
Name
Philip Awadalla
Institution
Ontario Institute for Cancer Research
Toronto, ON
Canada


text:
Spanish Glossary: M
market: 1. (noun) In Spanish cultures, a traditional market is where vendors gather to sell their goods. Markets may be open or under a roof, and they offer a less formal shopping environment than typical supermarkets or grocery stores. Prices are usually negotiable. 2. (verb) To advertise and sell an item.
mood: 1. A characteristic of a verb that indicates the manner in which the action occurs. 2. A characteristic of a person that indicates the overall emotional state of that person.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Aurora Borealis May Be Visible Over NJ Tonight [VIDEO]
Normally you'd have to travel to the Arctic Circle to see the Northern Lights, but that may not be true tonight.
According to meteorologists, a powerful solar flare last night will make the natural phenomenon known as Aurora Borealis visible for much of the United States.
- INTERACTIVE: The Science Of The Aurora
Accuweather.com is reporting that mostly clear skies along the eastern seaboard tonight could improve visibility in New Jersey, though the lights may be obscured by a full moon.
Experts suggest attempting to view the Aurora Borealis from areas with as little light pollution as possible.


Safety Stock & Re-order points – simple explanation
Safety stock is the additional number of units of stock held by a company to mitigate several market risks. Without safety stocks, the company could have negative customer experience, lost revenue, lost market share and long-term customer value. However, a higher safety stock strains the organization in the form of higher working capital requirement. Safety stocks help in mitigating several risks as below:
 1. A Sudden spike in demand
 2. Offset inaccurate forecasts
 3. Longer than expected lead times to delivery (from the supplier)
 4. Quality issue rejects of stock, leading to stock-outs
 5. Increase in manufacturing or production time
 6. Transportation strikes or non-availability of transport
 7. Warehouse space issues due to which inbound gets delayed
So, how does one calculate the safety stock needed for an item?
The answer is that there is no one definite way of calculating the safety stock required. One shouldn't use the available formulas blindly as the specific case of each company x product x market is very different.
Method 1: Let's start with intuition (I love intuition!).
Intuitively, safety stock is designed to cover for maximum delays in delivery from the supplier. So, what can be the maximum delay from a supplier that you want to guard against – it is the maximum lead time minus the average lead time from the supplier.
So, the most common formula for safety stock is:
(Max Daily Sales * Max Lead Time) – (Average Daily Sales * Average Lead Time)
Re-order Point = Lead Time Demand + Safety Stock
Method 2: EOQ Formula (For a full blog post on EOQ refer this link)
A toys company deals in one single toy and procures from a single supplier and has an annual demand of 4000 units of a single toy. The cost of placing an order is Rs. 50 each time with the annual costs of holding the toy being at 40 % of the purchasing cost. The company purchases the toy at Rs. 120 per unit. How much should the company order at a time?
EOQ= √ (2*C*D)/CH
EOQ= √(2*50*4,000)/(0.4*120)
EOQ= √(400,000)/(48)
EOQ= 28.87 units
Method 3: Formula used in SAP ERP system
A buffer stock or safety stock has to be designed to cover various deviations. A delay in any of the lead times mentioned below affects the procurement pattern.
 - ordering lead time
 - manufacturing lead time
 - transportation lead time
 - stock conversion lead time (inward lead time or QC clearance lead time)
Moreover, the determination of safety stock depends on the forecast accuracy. Higher the accuracy, lower the safety stock requirement. Hence, we have the below
MAD = Mean absolute deviation (parameter for forecast accuracy)
Now, if replenishment lead time is greater than the forecast period by factor W then:
Safety Stock = R x Sq.rt. W x MAD
Safety Stock = R x W x MAD
Method 4: Safety stock should cover supply and demand variability
Safety stock should have two components: supply safety stock and demand safety stock.
Demand safety stock = k*sd(forecast error)*sqr rt(lead time)
k = factor for number of std deviations required for given service level (refer link)
Supply safety stock = k*std dev lead time
Total safety stock = sqrt( demand safety stock + supply safety stock)
As you saw from the above methods, there is no one clear way of calculating safety stocks. It depends on a whole range of parameters such as lead times, forecast periods, order cycle times, forecast accuracy, service levels, lead time variances and others. Therefore, it is very important to test and observe the trends of all variables periodically to ensure that the best safety stock values are used by the firm.
Thank you.


text:
Definition of Tumor registry
Tumor registry: Recorded information about the status of patients with tumors. Although a registry was originally the place where information was collected (in registers), the word registry has also come to mean the collection itself. A tumor registry is organized so that the data can be analyzed. For example, analysis of data in a tumor registry maintained at a hospital may show a rise in lung cancer among women.
Last Editorial Review: 3/19/2012
Back to MedTerms online medical dictionary A-Z List
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Brian Bi
What is the pressure needed to contain a 1 molar electron gas at room temperature?
I'm not sure how to work out the thermodynamics, but I can do the calculation at low temperatures (i.e. where the system will be found very close to its ground state).
For ease of calculation, we will take the container to be spherical. Say the container has volume \(V\) and there are \(N\) electrons inside.
From basic electrostatics we know that the ground state of this system will have all the electrons at the surface. A straightforward calculation gives the surface area of the container as \(A = 4\pi\left(\frac{3V}{4\pi}\right)^{2/3}\). So we get a surface charge density of \[\sigma = Ne/A = \frac{Ne}{4\pi} \left(\frac{3V}{4\pi}\right)^{-2/3}.\]
A surface with net charge density feels an electrostatic pressure of \(\frac{\epsilon_0}{2}E^2\) where \(E\) is the magnitude of the electric field just outside the surface. By Gauss's law and the vanishing of the electric field in the container's interior this is \[P = \frac{\epsilon_0}{2}E^2 = \frac{\epsilon_0}{2}(\sigma/\epsilon_0)^2 = \frac{\sigma^2}{2\epsilon_0}\]
Putting it all together \[P = \frac{N^2 e^2}{32\pi^2\epsilon_0} \left(\frac{3V}{4\pi}\right)^{-4/3}\] Putting \(N = 6.022 \times 10^{23}\) and \(V\) = 1 dm3 we obtain the result
\(P \sim 2.25 \times 10^{23}\) pascals
This is about 10 million times greater than the pressure at the core of the sun.
A curious feature is that the pressure is not related to the particle density \(N/V\) in any straightforward way. This is because the electrostatic repulsion between electrons is a long-ranged force and the expressions for the virial coefficients diverge.


text:
The 40km-long Lijia forest road that meanders through the Lijia wildlife habitat in Beinan Village (卑南), Taitung County, is a lengthy track that used to be home to numerous giant trees. Now, there remains just a single camphor tree, more than 1,000 years old — the result of years of illegal logging.
Lin Ken-yi (林肯毅), 53, a Beinan Aborigine, has long been saddened by the destruction of the natural environment in the area where he grew up, prompting him to return to the mountain a few years ago in an effort to stop illegal logging and deforestation.
Driving a car along the narrow zigzagging mountain roads, Lin, head of a self-organized watch group called the Forest Watch Team, stops a van he encounters and questions the driver.
Asked by Lin why he is heading up the mountain, the driver claimed that he was looking for edible wild herbs, but Lin's instincts tell him otherwise.
Lin writes down the license plate number of the vehicle and notifies the police without informing the driver, who realized he had been found out and quickly fled the scene.
"A great many huge trees used to stand here," Lin said, recollecting his childhood. "Their trunks were so thick it took as many as four adults holding hands to go all the way round the tree."
However, following years of illegal logging and natural disasters, Lin said almost all the tallest trees have vanished. The stream that used to flow through his village has also dried up.
A patrol team, made up of individuals from the Taitung Forest District Office, the Lijia Watch Team and the Forest Watch Team, drives along the Lijia forest track to a mountain site located about 1,000m above sea level.
The first thing visitors see is a camphor tree that Lin said is more than 1,000 years old. The tree is 40m tall and has a circumference of 20m.
Visitors are usually amazed to see that a huge door has been carved straight through the trunk of this ancient tree.
"Illegal loggers have vowed to topple this tree within a year, but as long as I am alive this tree will continue to stand," Lin said.
To better shield the ancient tree, Lin has installed a patrol box nearby and inspects the area up to four times a week.
"If we fail to protect it, then such trees could disappear forever," he said.
Every time he clocks in at the patrol box, the sight of the damage done to the tree reminds him of how important it is to fight illegal loggers, Lin said.
He has sworn to protect the only forest in the area, so that future generations can experience the power and wonder of nature the forest represents
"Forests are an integral part of Aboriginal life," said Lin, who doubles as Lijia Community Development Association chairman, adding that he appealed for volunteers last year to join the Forest Watch Team.
More than 30 tribal residents joined the team soon after, including women, elders and Lin's wife and son, all having been moved by Lin's dedication to the cause.
One team member, identified as A-hsiang (阿香), said that without Lin's drive and determination, the team — which was elected model watch team of the year — would have disbanded long ago.
Former association chairman Wu Hsien-yi (吳賢一) said Lin often risked his life to defend the forest, citing one occasion when Lin crept through mud in a torrential downpour for more than 100m, just to ambush illegal loggers and arrest them.


text:
What should I consider if I have three centrifugal pumps then the water of these three pumps flow into one pipe? How to calculate the pressure in the intersection of the three pipes?Thank You.
Answers and Replies
The pressure at the intersection will be very close to the pressure at the discharge of any of your three pumps.
Are the pipe discharges from the pumps symmetrical (or similar) to the header (intersection)?
Do you know the flow rate of each pump (or the combination?)
Do you have a pump curve for the pumps? (if not ask the manufacturer)
Do you have any pressure readings the the pipe anywhere?
The flow rate for three pumps are similar, 350m3/hour. And the diameter of pipe is 350 mm. Is it possible?
Is what possible?
There is no way to mathematically determine the pressure at a given point in a pump system with just the flow rate. My question about the flow rates was leading toward the next question, do you have the pump curves for the centrifugal pumps. If they are putting out 350 m3/hr, then you need only look at the curves to determine the overall system pressure. You can work your way back from there.


text:
Traveling Luck for Uvkusigssaqarfik, Østgrønland, Greenland
Where is Uvkusigssaqarfik?What's around Uvkusigssaqarfik?
Wikipedia near Uvkusigssaqarfik
Where to stay near Uvkusigssaqarfik
Also known as Uvkusigssagarfik Fjord
The timezone in Uvkusigssaqarfik is America/Danmarkshavn
Sunrise at 12:44 and Sunset at 16:28. It's light
Latitude. 65.0833°, Longitude. -40.5833°
Satellite map around Uvkusigssaqarfik
Loading map of Uvkusigssaqarfik and it's surroudings
Geographic features & Photographs around Uvkusigssaqarfik, in Østgrønland, Greenland
- a tract of land, smaller than a continent, surrounded by water at high water.
- Rømer Ø (5.1km)
- Ole Rømer Ø (17.2km)
- Putugua (25.8km)
- Aqitseq (26.4km)
- Nunârtik (28.1km)
- Takisêrajik (28.9km)
- Aaluit (29.7km)
- Nældebladet (32.4km)
- Qêrtartivaq (33.2km)
- Avqusiâjik (33.5km)
- Nuerniagkartôq (34km)
- Ørsted Ø (36km)
- Ikermiit (37.3km)
- Takiseeq (37.6km)
- Ukîverajik (38.3km)
- Ukîverajik (45.5km)
- Hornemann Ø (46.3km)
- Jens Munk Ø (48.6km)
- an area of permanent snow and ice forming the accumulation area of a glacier.
- Apuseeq (20km)
- a haven or space of deep water so sheltered by the adjacent land as to afford a safe anchorage for ships.
- Andræs Havn (44.6km)
- a mass of ice, usually at high latitudes or high elevations, with sufficient thickness to flow away from the source area in lobes, tongues, or masses.
- Lemon Bræ (42.7km)
- a break in a mountain range or other high obstruction, used for transportation from one side to the other [See also gap].
- Ilivte (18.8km)
Airports close to Uvkusigssaqarfik
Kulusuk(KUS), Kulusuk, Greenland (176.4km)

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Reply To: Tip: simulate post grid (for specific pages)
Jason Bobich
This is sort of tough to do from the custom query option because in all ways (that I know of anyway) to specify specific pages would not be possible within a single string.
I can think of two ways where actually feeding pages through to the post grid would be possible the way things are setup.
1) Take the pages you want to be in the post grid and set them as Child pages to some Parent page. Then in your custom query string you'd do this:
Where "123" is the numerical post ID for the Parent page, to which you want the child pages below it to show. Note that by using the custom query string in any post grid, you're overriding the number of posts normally generated for you based on the columns/rows. So, you need to specify that, as well.
2) Now, this is super hacky, but an interesting thing I just thought of. Internally, there is a filter on the query string every time a post grid is generated. But there's no way to really identify this filter with a specific post grid instance.
In your instance of the Post grid, you could use the "query" option to pass in some unique identifier to use as a "catch" from your PHP function that you're going to attach to the filter for all post grid queries.
So, for example, setup a post grid and for the query option write something like:
Now from your Child theme's functions.php you can filter onto the query string for all post grids and use that identifier to trigger some custom query string.
 * Custom query for post lists/post grids
function my_custom_posts_query( $query, $args ){
 if( $args['query'] =='my_unique_key' ){
 $query = array(
 'post_type' => 'page',
 'post__in' => array( 1, 2, 3, 4 ) // ID's for any pages you want to include
 return $query;
add_filter( 'themeblvd_posts_args','my_custom_posts_query', 10, 2 );


text:
Technical Name: EC formulation of Ethion 40% + Cypermethrin 5%.
- It is the first combination Insecticide in India with Ethion as a combination partner.
- It is highly effective against all types of bollworms on cotton and leaf eating and fruit boring caterpillars in a wide range of crops like vegetables, pulses etc.
- It is also effective against whiteflies on cotton and vegetables.
Target Pests: Bollworms, Fruit Borers, White flies.
Dosage: 2.5 ml/litre and 500 ml/acre


Action in Motion is a student project team at the Carnegie Mellon University Entertainment Technology Center. We're creating a game that adapts hardcore action gameplay (specifically hack-and-slash) to full-body Kinect motion control, designing from the ground up around its strengths and limitations.
Playing a game with your body is fundamentally different from playing with a controller in several key ways. While traditional buttons are an effective (actually underrated) way of controlling games, we formed this team because we feel motion control offers incredible opportunities to heighten player immersion and increase expressive freedom/agency, if we can invent or discover the right combination of techniques and mechanics.
About the Project
We began last semester as a student-pitched project focused on just creating a tech demo demonstrating basic motion-controlled combat, with a particular focus on researching controlled animation blending and gesture detection techniques to augment the player's body motion by incorporating hand-authored animation. We put together this video at the end of last semester describing our results:
The team pitched a follow-up project, with a focus shift towards creating combat mechanics and enemy behaviors that turn last semester's insights into something truly fun to play. This is that project. Please follow our progress on our development blog!
Comments are closed.


Why Water Heater Making Noise and Solutions
January 23 2019
Water Heater Making NoisePop, Bang, Tick, Sizzle? What sound is your water heater making? The type of noise your water heater is making can help us diagnose the problem.
My water heater is making a popping noise!
We live on a big beautiful island where rain flows down mountains and then travels underground. In fact, according to the Hawaii Business Magazin, "On average, an estimated 1.8 billion gallons of rain per day fall on Oahu." A third of that water recharges our aquifer by flowing through the porous lava rock that acts like a sponge. The water doesn't just sit there, it moves around until it flows into the sea or into our streams and homes.
Because our water is taken from Oahu's groundwater it is no surprise that many Oahu homes have hard water. You have probably noticed little spots left on glasses and dishes—yup, hard water. Have you ever considered that similar spots collect inside your water heater, on the heating elements? It's true. When minerals build up on the heating element they flake off and collects on the bottom of the tank as sediment. When the water gets hot it bubbles up through the sediment and causes the popping noise.
This problem can be addressed in two ways
 - Drain and flush your water heater.
 1. First turn off the electric and/or gas supply to the water heater.
 2. Next, connect a hose to the drain valve at the bottom of the heater. You will want to drain the water into the closest floor drain or outside the home.
 3. Close the shut off valve at the cold-water inlet line that supplies the water heater with water, and to relieve pressure inside the tank, turn on the hot water at a faucet somewhere in the house (like the kitchen sink).
 4. Next, using a screwdriver, open the drain valve at the bottom of the tank.
 5. NOTE: The water coming out of the hose will bevery hot and could cause severe burns. Make sure no one comes in contact with the water.
 6. Once the water has drained you can use the screw driver to close the drain valve at the bottom of the tank.
 7. Next open the shut off valve to allow cold water to fill the tank.
 8. When a steady stream of water is coming from the faucet you left open, you can close the faucet.
 9. Lastly, turn on the electric and/or gas.
 - Have a water softener installed. Water softeners remove the minerals from the water and therefore will prevent sediment from building up in the tank.
Oahu has hard water, but nothing like the continental United States. In fact, Oahu is known for having some of the freshest water in the world! Still, if you are hearing a popping noise coming from the water heater it is a clear indication that sediment is building up in the tank. You will want to address the problem as sediment can cause the heating elements to overhead and break.
My water heater is making a banging noise
Your water heater in probably not making a banging noise, instead your pipes are making a banging noise. This is known as a water hammer, and usually occurs because the water pressure in your home is too high, or because the air cushion (a device in the plumbing lines designed to manage pressure) is waterlogged. You will want to address this issue by either having a Pressure Relief Valve (PRV) installed on the main line where the water enters the house, or by fixing the air cushion. To fix the air cushion you would need to turn off the water supply to house, and then drain the entire plumbing system. This would allow the air cushion to fill back up.
My water heater is making a ticking noise
Your water heater is probably not making a ticking noise. Instead, just like the water hammer, the fluctuation in water pressure could be causing the ticking noise. It could also be that the hot water pipes are slightly banging against loose pipe straps designed to hold them in place. In addition to ticking, this sound can also sound like a humming or vibrating. To fix this problem, simply tighten the pipe straps or add plastic spacers between the pipe and the strap.
My water heater is making a sizzling sound
A sizzling sound could indicate condensation building up on the bottom of the water heater, or a leak. How can you tell the difference? If the sizzling sound is continuous, then you might have a leak. Water is dripping from the tank onto the hot burner plate and then you here that "tzssssss." If this problem only occurs when the burner is on, then it might just be condensation. Also, if you had a leak, you would notice that the bottom of the water heater was wet.
Whether it is sediment building up on the bottom of the tank, too much pressure in the system, or a leak, all of these issues need attention and have a solution. Your hot water heater is a major appliance in your home that takes care of you. Giving your hot water heater a little attention and TLC will go a long way. If your water heater is trying to tell you something (pop, bang, tick, sizzle), and you would like a pair of expert ears to take a listen, give Emergency Plumbing and Solar a call today! We can show your water heater the TLC it needs, and get things nice and quiet again.


Zipkin
Since Camel 2.18
The Camel Zipkin component is used for tracing and timing incoming and outgoing Camel messages using zipkin.
Events (span) are captured for incoming and outgoing messages being sent to/from Camel.
This means you need to configure which Camel endpoints map to zipkin service names.
The mapping can be configured using:
 - route id - A Camel route id
 - endpoint url - A Camel endpoint url
For both kinds you can match using wildcards and regular expressions, using the rules from Intercept.
To match all Camel messages you can use * in the pattern and configure that to the same service name.
If no mapping has been configured, Camel will fallback and use endpoint uri's as service names. However, it's recommended to configure service mappings so you can use human-readable names instead of Camel endpoint uris in the names.
Camel will auto-configure a span reporter one hasn't been explicitly configured, and if the hostname and port to a zipkin collector has been configured as environment variables
 - ZIPKIN_COLLECTOR_HTTP_SERVICE_HOST - The http hostname
 - ZIPKIN_COLLECTOR_HTTP_SERVICE_PORT - The port number
or
 - ZIPKIN_COLLECTOR_THRIFT_SERVICE_HOST - The Scribe (Thrift RPC) hostname
 - ZIPKIN_COLLECTOR_THRIFT_SERVICE_PORT - The port number
This makes it easy to use camel-zipkin in container platforms where the platform can run your application in a linux container where service configurations are provided as environment variables.
Options
Option Default Description
rate
1.0f
Configures a rate that decides how many events should be traced by zipkin. The rate is expressed as a percentage (1.0f = 100%, 0.5f is 50%, 0.1f is 10%).
spanReporter
Mandatory: The reporter to use for sending zipkin span events to the zipkin server.
serviceName
To use a global service name that matches all Camel events
clientServiceMappings
Sets the client service mappings that matches Camel events to the given zipkin service name. The content is a Map<String, String> where the key is a pattern and the value is the service name. The pattern uses the rules from Intercept.
serverServiceMappings
Sets the server service mappings that matches Camel events to the given zipkin service name. The content is a Map<String, String> where the key is a pattern and the value is the service name. The pattern uses the rules from Intercept.
excludePatterns
Sets exclude pattern(s) that will disable tracing with zipkin for Camel messages that matches the pattern. The content is a Set<String> where the key is a pattern. The pattern uses the rules from Intercept.
includeMessageBody
false
Whether to include the Camel message body in the zipkin traces. This is not recommended for production usage, or when having big payloads. You can limit the size by configuring the max debug log size.
includeMessageBodyStreams
false
Whether to include message bodies that are stream based in the zipkin traces. This requires enabling streamcaching on the routes or globally on the CamelContext. This is not recommended for production usage, or when having big payloads. You can limit the size by configuring the max debug log size.
Example
To enable camel-zipkin you need to configure first
ZipkinTracer zipkin = new ZipkinTracer();
// Configure a reporter, which controls how often spans are sent
// (the dependency is io.zipkin.reporter2:zipkin-sender-okhttp3)
sender = OkHttpSender.create("http://127.0.0.1:9411/api/v2/spans");
zipkin.setSpanReporter(AsyncReporter.create(sender));
// and then add zipkin to the CamelContext
zipkin.init(camelContext);
The configuration above will trace all incoming and outgoing messages in Camel routes.
To use ZipkinTracer in XML, all you need to do is to define scribe and zipkin tracer beans. Camel will automatically discover and use them.
 <!-- configure how to reporter spans to a Zipkin collector
 (the dependency is io.zipkin.reporter2:zipkin-reporter-spring-beans) -->
 <bean id="http" class="zipkin2.reporter.beans.AsyncReporterFactoryBean">
 <property name="sender">
 <bean id="sender" class="zipkin2.reporter.beans.OkHttpSenderFactoryBean">
 <property name="endpoint" value="http://localhost:9411/api/v2/spans"/>
 </bean>
 </property>
 <!-- wait up to half a second for any in-flight spans on close -->
 <property name="closeTimeout" value="500"/>
 </bean>
 <!-- setup zipkin tracer -->
 <bean id="zipkinTracer" class="org.apache.camel.zipkin.ZipkinTracer">
 <property name="serviceName" value="dude"/>
 <property name="spanReporter" ref="http"/>
 </bean>
ServiceName
However, if you want to map Camel endpoints to human friendly logical names, you can add mappings
 - ServiceName *
You can configure a global service name that all events will fallback and use, such as:
zipkin.setServiceName("invoices");
This will use the same service name for all incoming and outgoing zipkin traces. If your application uses different services, you should map them to more finely grained client / server service mappings
Client and Server Service Mappings
 - ClientServiceMappings
 - ServerServiceMappings
If your application hosts a service that others can call, you can map the Camel route endpoint to a server service mapping. For example, suppose your Camel application has the following route:
from("activemq:queue:inbox")
 .to("http:someserver/somepath");
And you want to make that as a server service, you can add the following mapping:
zipkin.addServerServiceMapping("activemq:queue:inbox", "orders");
Then when a message is consumed from that inbox queue, it becomes a zipkin server event with the service name 'orders'.
Now suppose that the call to http:someserver/somepath is also a service, which you want to map to a client service name, which can be done as:
zipkin.addClientServiceMapping("http:someserver/somepath", "audit");
Then in the same Camel application you have mapped incoming and outgoing endpoints to different zipkin service names.
You can use wildcards in the service mapping. To match all outgoing calls to the same HTTP server you can do:
zipkin.addClientServiceMapping("http:someserver*", "audit");
Mapping rules
The service name mapping for server occurs using the following rules
 1. Is there an exclude pattern that matches the endpoint uri of the from endpoint?
 If yes then skip.
 2. Is there a match in the serviceServiceMapping that matches the endpoint uri of the from endpoint?
 If yes, then use the found service name
 3. Is there a match in the serviceServiceMapping that matches the route id of the current route?
 If yes, then use the found service name
 4. Is there a match in the serviceServiceMapping that matches the original route id where the exchange started?
 If yes, then use the found service name
 5. No service name was found, the exchange is not traced by zipkin
The service name mapping for client occurs using the following rules:
 1. Is there an exclude pattern that matches the endpoint uri of the from endpoint?
 If yes then skip.
 2. Is there a match in the clientServiceMapping that matches the endpoint uri of endpoint where the message is being sent to?
 If yes, then use the found service name
 3. Is there a match in the clientServiceMapping that matches the route id of the current route?
 If yes, then use the found service name
 4. Is there a match in the clientServiceMapping that matches the original route id where the exchange started?
 If yes, then use the found service name
 5. No service name was found, the exchange is not traced by zipkin
No client or server mappings
If there has been no configuration of client or server service mappings, CamelZipkin runs in a fallback mode, and uses endpoint uris as the service name.
In the example above, this would mean the service names would be defined as if you add the following code yourself:
zipkin.addServerServiceMapping("activemq:queue:inbox", "activemq:queue:inbox");
zipkin.addClientServiceMapping("http:someserver/somepath


text:
Modern web applications (single-page applications), smartphones and tablets as well as household appliances and heating systems often communicate via web-based application programming interfaces (APIs) with back-end systems that are responsible for data management. Web applications and back-end systems also often call further APIs. In order to ensure end-to-end security, identities need to be propagated to such APIs in a standardized way (e.g., OAuth / OpenID Connect).
Effective protection of such APIs is achieved by a combination of security measures at different levels:
- Identity and credential management for users, applications and devices
- Adaptive authentication, i.e., authentication that is in line with the sensitivity of content and data, from social login to strong two-factor authentication
- Support of OAuth and OpenID Connect for secure propagation / federation of identities
- Authorization of API calls based on identity attributes (roles, OAuth scopes)
- Content inspection for JSON and XML
Regardless of whether your API is used by business applications, mobile devices (smartphones, tablets) or other devices (Internet of Things), NEVIS provides the modules and functionalities required to protect it. The special strength of NEVIS is the unique combination of web content filtering with identity management and an extremely flexible authentication engine:
- The content filtering engine effectively protects APIs against (D)DoS attacks as well as attacks on content level.
- Nevis identity management enables efficient management of identities, attributes and credentials.
- The authentication engine allows combining OAuth and OpenID Connect with any desired authentication method.


summary of the Op-Doc (documentary).
 Write a brief summary of the Op-Doc (documentary). Then, identify and describe at least two rhetorical choices made by the director. Next, analyze the effects that rhetorical choice has (or might have) on viewers. You may also choose to evaluate whether or not that rhetorical choice fits in with what you believe to be the director's goals for the documentary. Also use at least metaphors of your own to further explain the documentary. 1200 word minimum with completed outline refer to outline sample for example!!!! Link to Op-Doc (make sure to watch twice to get a better grasp on your choices)


text:
Hi How can I find the characteristic equation from state space? Thanks
write 34 000 x 180 000 in normal notation
Population of the United States. In 2006 the population of the United States was 300.2 million (U.S. Census Bureau, _URL_). If the population continues to grow at an annual rate of 1.05%, then the population in the year 2020 will be 300.2(1.0105) ^14 million. a) Evaluate the...
AX=B) x+7=-18 6x+2y=12 find inverse for matrix 1 1 0 2 1 -3 0 -1 3 3 2 -2 1 2 1 0
A motorboat travels 240 miles in 3 hours going upstream and 742 miles in 7 hours going downstream. What is the rate of the boat in still water and what is the rate of the current?
-5y4(y5)2/15y7(y2)3 simplify using the power of a power rule
How many liters are contained in a cube with each edge 1 m? a. 0.01 b. 10 c. 100 d. 1,000
Ask a new Math Question
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1. I'm having problems with my math. Can you help me? All I need is an example just to make sure I'm on track.
- Solve the following
- a) 3/(n+1)-1/(n+1)=14/(n^2-1)
- b) 1/(y-1 )+y/(1-y)
- d) (x-2)/(8x-24)*(5x-15)/(x^2 -4)
- e) z/(z-1)+1/2=3/z
- f) (x-3)/(x^2+2x-15)-(4-x)/(x^2-9x+20)
- 2. How do I set up this problem? An exam contains five "true or false" questions. How many of the 32 different ways of answering these questions contain 3 or more incorrect answers?


text:
- a horse that bolts, or runs away
- ⌂ a person who withdraws from a political party, group, etc.
a device for bolting, or sifting, flour, etc.
- A horse given to bolting.
- One who gives up membership in or withdraws support from a political party.
- A machine used for sifting, especially for sifting flour.
- One who operates a sifting machine.
- A person or thing that bolts, or runs suddenly.
- (botany, horticulture) A plant that grows larger and more rapidly than usual.
- (flour milling) A machine or mechanism that automatically sifts milled flour.
- A person who sifts flour or meal.
- (petroleum refining) A filter mechanism.
- (Australia, sports) An obscure athlete who wins an upset victory.
- (Australia, horseracing) A horse that wins at long odds.
- (New Zealand, sports) In team sports, a relatively little-known or inexperienced player who inspires the team to greater success.
- (US, politics) A member of a political party who does not support the party's nominee.
- (military aviation) A missed landing on an aircraft carrier; an aircraft that has made a missed landing.
- A kind of fishing line; a boulter.
From bolt + -er.


Posts Tagged 'rejection of scientific methodology'
24 Model
Friday, December 10th, 2010
There are two elements to this book, and it is important to distinguish between them.
The first is a detailed deconstruction and criticism of current theory. It has been taken as read that modern physics theory is complex and mathematical, and we have suggested that this is partly but not solely the cause of its unintelligibility. The case we have argued is that modern physics, from around 1905 onwards, is literally incoherent, containing fundamental conflicts in its ideas and theories, and that this runs much more deeply than the acknowledged bifurcation of theory post 1900. Most damagingly, there are significant elements of this that amount to a basic rejection of scientific methodology. (more…)


Container ecosystem based PaaS solution for Telco Cloud Analysis and Proposal
Vinay Murudi, Krishna M Kumar
Abstract
Telco over Cloud, Network Function Virtualization and
Software Defined Networking are changing the
telecommunications industry landscape, more
specifically in the Telco Service Providers network
infrastructure and systems, by introducing cloud
computing, virtualization paradigms and software
approaches which are already in use and mature in
traditional IT environments.
This paper introduces the current telco cloud landscape
and latest developments. It subsequently proposes a
container based telco app orchestration mechanism.
The shift of the telco cloud landscape towards
containers is imperative as the traditional VM based
NFV and SDN solutions are running into scalability
and performance problems and have an impact on
delivery speed and efficient resource utilization.
In the solution we have derived in our lab uses a cluster
container orchestration mechanism using Apache
Mesos. A custom framework is developed to handle the
Telco specific (NFV) capabilities on top of the
traditional containers. This novel approach will help
telcos to provision tons of containers in a span of short
duration adhering to the QoS Requirements of the
industry.
Full Text:
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text:
Towards the end of last year a report from the Otago Regional Council raised concerns about deteriorating water quality in the Kakanui River.
One of the contributing factors was an increased level of E.coli.
Dairying was blamed although the council couldn't find the source.
One of the dairy farmers decided to do his own research and canoed down the river.
He found a couple of dead sheep caught in submerged branches then he came on a large colony of seagulls nesting in a canyon.
He reported this to the council which sent a helicopter up the river and found the source of the problem.
... a large colony of nesting gulls – was found in rugged terrain, about 5 km above the Clifton Falls bridge.
Water quality samples were taken immediately above and below the colony, with widely divergent results Upstream of the colony, the bacteria concentrations were 214 _URL_, whereas immediately downstream, the concentration was far greater at 1300 _URL_.
ORC manager of resource science Matt Hickey said that according to Government water quality guidelines for recreational swimming areas, those with less than 260 _URL_ should be safe, whereas water with more than 550 _URL_ could pose a health-risk.
Mr Hickey said six colonies of gulls were found in total, on steep rocky faces, where they clearly favoured the habitat for nesting.
While they had gone undetected up until now due to the inaccessible nature of the gorge, it was likely the gulls returned each year to breed in the same places.
"Unfortunately, these nesting gull colonies are likely to continue to cause high E.coli concentrations in the upper Kakanui River, particularly during the breeding season," Mr Hickey said.
"Bird activity, river flow, or even whether it is a cloudy or sunny day, (as E.coli often died quickly in clear water when exposed to sunlight) will influence actual bacteria numbers at Clifton Falls bridge. With hindsight, it reflects the random nature of the historical bacteria results at this site."
Mr Hickey said the E.coli concentrations reflected a large number of birds congregating in a small area and we are fortunate this situation was not common in Otago. Historically E.coli concentrations in the lower Kakanui River have been very low, despite the gull colonies being found upstream.
The council is warning people against swimming in the river but we've had no warning about drinking the water, presumably because it's treated.
Locals are very keen to solve the problem but it's not necessarily a simple matter:
Coastal Otago biodiversity programme manager David Agnew said the Department of Conservation would look into the situation and try to identify which species of gull were nesting in the area.
Mr Agnew said the species involved would determine what could be done to remove them.
"Black-backed gulls are not protected so that's not a problem as far as if they are causing a problem. They are not rare or threatened, they are not even protected, whereas red-billed gulls and black-billed gulls both have their own conservation concerns."
There's no concern about conservation with cows. If they were causing water quality problems farmers could face prosecution and would have to act quickly to address the cause.
Some gulls have a special status and if they're the ones fouling the water the clean up will take some time.


Using variables in BizTalk bindings in Azure DevOps
Bastien BRAILLY-VIGNAL
Category : BizTalk / DevOps / VSTS
05/10/2020
In this article, we will see how to use variables in BizTalk bindings during automatic deployments using Azure DevOps. We will also see how to have different configurations depending on the destination environment, and how to make it automatic. Lastly, we will end with a tip on managing slightly more complex bindings.

Requirements

The first step is to set up our BizTalk Server Application Project as explained in the following article: BizTalk Server Application Project : mise en place.
Next, one benefit of using variables in bindings is also the ability to do so depending on the deployment environment. Accordingly we must first, in Azure DevOps, create these different environments in Deployment groups, as shown in the example below:

Deployment groups
Using variables in bindings

Adding variables in the bindings file
In the bindings file in Visual Studio (in our example, the Bindings.xml file), this means adding variables to all the desired fields in the following way:

<SendPort Name="SndP_IAM_Employee" IsStatic="true" IsTwoWay="false" BindingOption="0" AnalyticsEnabled="false">
...
<PrimaryTransport>
<Address>$(File_Path)\%SourceFileName%</Address>
...
</SendPort>

As can be seen, it is the $(File_Path) variable in the Address field that we are interested in here.
Note that these variables can be anywhere inside an XML tag, such as a receive location, a host instance, the URI of a send port, etc.

Creating variables in Azure DevOps
Once all the desired fields have been given variables in the bindings files, they need to be created in Azure DevOps. This is done by going to the definition of your release, and selecting the Variables tab.
See the screenshot below:

Pipeline variables

It can be seen there are as many key/value rows as there are environments. That is the benefit of configuring the various deployment groups beforehand.
If your variable's value is the same in all environments, select Release as the scope.

Conclusion

And that's it, it's that easy! When the deployment is kicked off, the values will be added to the configuration file automatically.
Adding variables to the bindings file can be somewhat laborious the first time you do it, but it is definitely worth doing. There are benefits in terms of flexibility, quality, and so on. It really is a must-have in our CI/CD DevOps approach.

In more depth

It is often the case that configurations differ radically from one environment to another. There might well be a different adapter, a different pipeline, and so forth.
In this situation, the way of working described previously soon shows its limitations. We therefore use a little workaround based on XML comments. Here's how it works:
In your bindings file, you can use variables as shown below:

<SendPortCollection>
<SendPort Name="SndP_HUBRH_Employee_BDZ" IsStatic="true" IsTwoWay="false" BindingOption="0" AnalyticsEnabled="false">
...
$(Comment_If_PRD)
<PrimaryTransport>
<Address>$(File_Path)\%SourceFileName%</Address>
<TransportType Name="FILE" Capabilities="11" ConfigurationClsid="5e49e3a6-b4fc-4077-b44c-22f34a242fdb" />
...
</PrimaryTransport>
$(End_Comment_If_PRD)
$(Comment_If_TST)
$(Comment_If_QUA)
<PrimaryTransport>
<Address>$(File_Path)\%SourceFileName%</Address>
<TransportType Name="SFTP" Capabilities="523" ConfigurationClsid="f75aeff5-ebc7-4e7c-a753-fdd68ab45c95" />
...
</PrimaryTransport>
$(End_Comment_If_TST)
$(End_Comment_If_QUA)
...

Then, in the Azure DevOps Library tab, configure the following Variable groups:

Variable groups configuration

Each Variable group contains a list of variables. We further recommend using these Variable groups if you have common data items shared across different releases.
In our example, if we go into the Variable groups tab for our release, we see the following configuration:

Variable groups definition

And there you are. Simple but effective. Using this tip, XML tags are entered as comments according to the release environment.
This method can be used to manage BizTalk bindings that are very different from one environment to another.


text:
Parenting Coordination is a problem-solving service offered to parents raising children between homes who seek professional assistance in working together to keep their children free from the parents' conflicts. Parenting Coordination is a child-centered dispute resolution service that assists parents in developing and implementing workable parenting plans when they are unable to do so on their own. Our parenting coordination process uses an education based model utilizing one male, Bradley S. Craig, LMSW-IPR, CFLE serving as the parenting facilitator and one female professional serving as the communication coach. The professional team works to educate parents, meet jointly with both parents to develop an ongoing plan, monitor communications through Our Family Wizard, and assign tasks for parents as needed such as homework. Unlike parenting facilitation, parenting coordination is confidential.
In order to begin services with families, the following 8 fully completed intake forms must be on file for each adult along with their retainers:
- a fully completed data form
- a completed service form
- a copy of the court order (click here for a sample)
- a consent form
- a signed copy of the advisement form with initials on each page
- $600.00 retainer from each parent made out to Bradley Craig and mailed to the mailing address. Please include a cover note with the last name of the child(ren), service you are paying for, cause number, and name of the person the check is for if it does not match the name on the check. Post dated checks and credit cards are not accepted for the initial retainer.
Please deliver each form separately via.pdf scan to _EMAIL_ or fax _PHONE_. Once all the forms are fully completed and on file by both parents and the retainers have been paid, an initial appointment letter will be sent to the parents to schedule the initial joint appointment. Because of the nature of high conflict families, it is important for us to maintain a written paper trail so phone calls will not be returned. If you have questions, please send questions in e-mail.
Please do not send paper copies of information as we maintain digital files and your PF will charge for time spent scanning documents. You may fax or scan documents to Mr. Craig.
Do not e-mail or otherwise communicate with Mr. Craig regarding the history of your case, your concerns regarding the other parent, or other relevant information prior to your initial session though you are encouraged to address your concerns on your personal data form.
For some parents, conflict continues to create distress for them and their children beyond the divorce. Problems may arise over issues that are not specifically addressed in their parenting plan. For example, the parenting plan may say that parents decide together on extra-curricular activities for their children but may not indicate how to deal with disagreements about these activities. When a conflict arises, children often feel caught in the middle. This situation may put them at greater risk for emotional and behavioral problems—e.g., poor school performance, anxiety, uncontrollable anger, and depression.
While divorce itself places children at risk for various psychological difficulties, research has shown that the strongest predictor of child maladjustment after divorce is exposure to high levels of inter-parental conflict, particularly when the conflict is hostile, aggressive, poorly resolved, and focused on issues pertaining to the children. In approximately 10% to 15% of families of divorce, such conflict continues at a high level for several years following the formal divorce decree, and it typically causes the children and the parents to suffer significant and prolonged psychological distress.
Intense and prolonged inter-parental conflict can also cause problems for children indirectly. It can impair the ability of each parent to deal effectively with the children. It can draw the children into the conflict and disrupt the children's relationships with one or both parents. In addition, it can lead to a reduction in financial support of the children by one or both parents, due to the financial costs of repeated litigation and one or both parents becoming less willing to contribute financially.
Even parents who have been able to protect their children from divorce-related conflict may encounter problems when new situations arise—e.g., remarriage.
Parenting coordinators help parents by:
- raising parents' skill level in collaborative planning and decision making for their children
- educating parents on co-parenting techniques and issues related to children growing up between two homes.
- identifying sources of conflict between them and consider ways to address them
- facilitating communication between the parents and between parents and others who relate to the children—e.g., grandparents, school personnel, and therapists
- reducing chronic litigation (and preserve family resources)
- using mediation techniques to deal with specific issues
- assisting the parents in compliance with court orders
The parenting coordinator may do this by reviewing written evaluations and reports, and talking with other significant individuals involved with the family (doctors, therapists, school personnel, lawyers, etc.) The parenting coordinator will meet with the parents jointly, and communicate by fax and email. Home visits may be made if requested by the court. A parent coordinator as defined by the law can not testify in court or submit a report into evidence. The only form of communication that is allowed with the court is for a Parent Coordinator to report if the process is succeeding and if it should continue.
Costs and Payment
The rate for Parenting Coordination is $200.00 per hour rounded up to the nearest 15 minute increment. This includes all services of the Parenting Coordinator including reviewing documentation, meetings, correspondences, phone contact, email, court time, legal expenses, and consultation with other family service providers.
For a listing of notices and general disclosures of business relationships please go here.


Whitefish set netters spot Bigfoot
Two Bethel men checking on their whitefish set net sighted a Bigfoot-like creature walking through the willows on Taperrnaq Slough. Illustration by AI
by K.J. Lincoln
Two fishermen from Bethel saw a creature too tall to be a human walking upright while checking their whitefish net at the upper mouth of Tarperrnaq River.
Dana Kopanuk, was one of the fishermen who saw the Bigfoot-like being. He was with his nephew Paul Fisher when the sighting occurred.
It was the month of August in 2011. They went upriver from Bethel by way of the Kuskokwim and Church Slough seeking whitefish. They reached the upper end of Napaskiak Slough (also known as Tarpernaq Slough) where they decided to set a whitefish net at the mouth in a small eddy – a qamaneq.
After setting the net, the fishermen went on upriver to visit Kopanuk's sister who lives in Kwethluk. Three hours of visiting later, the two decided to go check the net and head back home to Bethel after that.
As they were approaching the area where the net was set, they saw someone walking through the willows along the bank. Nearby there was a fishcamp so at first they thought it was a person and they were not in any way alarmed, surprised, or even excited.
But the "person" was grayish in color and walked slowly. Its head was taller than the surrounding willows that grew thickly. It looked like it had not much of a neck, said Kopanuk.
"It looked like a huge person," he said. "The willows were tall but it was taller."
If it were a person, he would have waited for us, said Kopanuk. But it didn't, it just kept walking away, kelutmun (away from the bank). Kopanuk and Fisher watched the creature for approximately five minutes as it disappeared into the wooded terrain.
Kopanuk thought it would come back, as a person would, but it didn't. So after pulling in the net and their catch, they drove back to Bethel.
Later, the two talked about what they had seen. They agreed it wasn't a human because a person, especially in this isolated part of the river, would have said a friendly hello or waved. People also wear distinctive clothing – the creature they saw was all gray. It was also walking away from them, which was unusual.
Kopanuk also said that after seeing the Bigfoot and Hairy Man reports and illustrations in the Delta Discovery, he is now sure it was not a person.


text:
Spectrofluorimetric determination of sertraline in dosage forms and human plasma through derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate
Chemistry Central Journal volume 5, Article number: 56 (2011)
Sertraline is primarily used to treat major depression in adult outpatients as well as obsessive-compulsive, panic and social anxiety disorders in both adults and children. A survey of the literature reveals that most of the reported methods are either insufficiently sensitive or tedious and require highly sophisticated and dedicated instrumentation. The proposed method is considered to be specific for determination of SER in presence of its metabolite (deaminated form).
A sensitive, simple and specific spectrofluorimetric method was developed for the determination of sertraline (SER) in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids. The method is based on its reaction with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC-Cl) in borate buffer of pH 8.0 to yield a highly fluorescent derivative peaking at 315 nm after excitation at 265 nm. The different experimental parameters affecting the development and stability of the reaction product were carefully studied and optimized. The fluorescence concentration plot was rectilinear over the range of 0.05-1.0 μg mL-1 with a lower detection limit of 5.34 × 10-3 μg mL-1 and limit of quantitation of 0.016 μg mL-1.
The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of commercial tablets and the results obtained were in good agreement with those obtained using the reference method. Furthermore, the method was applied for the determination of SER in spiked and real human plasma. The mean % recovery (n = 3) was 94.33 ± 1.53 and 92.00 ± 2.65, respectively. A proposal of the reaction pathway was postulated.
Sertraline (SER); (1S)-cis-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-N-methyl-1-naphthalenamine (Figure 1) is primarily used to treat major depression in adult outpatients as well as obsessive-compulsive, panic and social anxiety disorders in both adults and children. The efficacy of sertraline for depression is similar to that of older tricyclic antidepressants, but its side effects are much less pronounced .
Several methods have been reported for the determination of SER either per se or in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids. These methods include: spectrophotometry [2–4], voltammetry , HPLC [6–11] gas chromatography [12, 13]. A literature review up to 2008 has been described by Espinosa et al . The review described the different analytical methodologies for the determination of SER chromatography and liquid mass spectrometry [15, 16].
Most of these methods are either insufficiently sensitive [2–4] or tedious and require highly sophisticated and dedicated instrumentation [6–16]. This led us to study the reaction of sertraline with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC-Cl) in an attempt to develop a simple and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for its determination in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids.
9-Fluorenylmethyl chloroformate is a useful derivatizing agent used for the determination of amino acids, primary amines and secondary amines. Several pharmaceutical compounds have been determined through this approach [16–21].
To the best of our knowledge, up till now nothing has been reported concerning the spectrofluorimetric determination of sertraline. This encouraged us to develop a simple and sensitive method for its determination in tablets and human plasma. The results obtained were promising.
The fluorescence spectra and measurements were recorded using a Perkin-Elmer UK model LS 45 luminescence spectrometer, equipped with a 150 Watt Xenon arc lamp, grating excitation and emission monochromators for all measurements and a Perkin-Elmer recorder. Slit widths for both monochromators were set at 10 nm. A 1 cm quartz cell was used. Derivative spectra were evaluated using Fluorescence Data Manager (FLDM) software. Sofware used is FL WINLAB, Version 4.00.02, copyright 2001, Perkin Elmer, Inc., UK.
Reagents and materials
All reagents and solvents used were of Analytical Reagent grade.
(a) Setraline pure sample was kindly provided by Pfizer (Sandwich, UK).
(b) Tablets containing sertraline HCl equivalent to 50 mg of sertraline base each (Lustral® tablets), batch # 7201 were obtained from commercial sources in the local market.
(c) 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC-Cl), was purchased from Sigma (St. Louis USA). A stock solution containing 20 mg % of FMOC-Cl was freshly prepared in acetonitril and was further diluted with the same solvent to obtain 0.01 mg % solution.
(d) Borate buffer 0.2 M solutions of pH 8.0. and pH 12.
(e) Acetonitrile, acetone and diethylether (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany).
(f) Human plasma samples were kindly provided by Mansoura University Hospital, Mansoura, Egypt and was kept frozen at -2°C until assay after gentle thawing.
A stock solution was prepared by dissolving 20.0 mg of SER in 100 mL of acetonitrile in a volumetric flask. This solution was further diluted with the same solvent as appropriate. The standard solutions were stable for seven days when kept in the refrigerator.
General recommended procedures
Procedure for calibration graph
Aliquots of SER standard solutions were transferred into a series of 10 mL volumetric flasks. Borate buffer, pH 8.0 (2.5 mL) was added, followed by FMOC-Cl (0.01 mg %) (2 mL) and mixed well. Acetonitril (3 mL) were added. The reaction mixture was left at room temperature for 15 min., and then completed to the mark with distilled water. The fluorescence intensity of the reaction product was measured at 315 nm after excitation at 265 nm. A blank experiment was carried out simultaneously. The corrected fluorescence intensity was plotted vs the final drug concentration (μg mL-1) to get the calibration graph. Alternatively, the corresponding regression equation was derived.
Assay procedure for Tablets
Twenty tablets were weighed and pulverized well. A weighed quantity of the "powder, equivalent" to 20.0 mg of SER was transferred into a small conical flask, and extracted with 3 × 30 mL of actonitril. The extract was filtered into 100 mL volumetric flask. The conical flask was washed with few milliliters of acetonitril. The washings were passed into the same volumetric flask and made up the mark with the same solvent. Aliquots covering the working concentration range was transferred into 10 mL volumetric flasks. The procedure described under " General recommended procedures" "was then applied. The nominal content of the tablets was determined either from the calibration curve or by using the corresponding regression equation.
Assay procedure for spiked human plasma
A stock solution containing 20.0 μg mL-1 of SER was prepared in acetonitrile. Control samples of plasma were spiked with different quantities of SER. Acetone (2 mL) was added, then the mixture was vortexed and centrifuged at 3500 xg for 10 min. 3 mL of the clear supernatant was separated, and borate buffer, pH 12 (1 mL)was added. The solution was extracted with 3 × 5 mL of diethylether for 2 min, then centrifuged at 3500 xg for 5 min. The resulting supernatant was evaporated to dryness under nitrogen at ambient temperature. The residue was dissolved in 2 mL of acetonitrile. The general recommended procedures applied for pure sample were then performed. The nominal content of the drug was determined using the corresponding regression equation.
Assay procedure for real human plasma samples
As for the real human plasma, SER (50 mg/tablet) was orally administered to a fasting healthy volunteer (male, 40 years old). 5 mL of blood sample was withdrawn after four hours. Then, 4 mL of citrate solution was added, and centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 15 min. to obtain ca 3 mL of plasma. The methodology described under the "procedure for spiked human plasma" was then carried out. The nominal content of SER in plasma was determined according to previous report using the following equation:
Results and Discussion
FMOC-Cl was chosen as a fluoregnic derivatizing agent for SER because of its superior properties, as compared to other reagents. It reacts under mild conditions with primary and secondary amines in alkaline medium and the resulting derivatives are stable.
It has been utilized for the determination of amino acids and primary amines . Recently FMOC-Cl was further used for the analysis of some pharmaceutical compounds containing primary or secondary amino groups viz; trimetazine roxithromycin clarithromycin alendronate and topiramate .
In the present study


Offending command: Put
The put command is too generic to allow for easy troubleshooting. You may have to check the page of general troubleshooting tips (a link is in the column in the left hand column).
 - PostScript errors caused by the PostScript command put are sometimes caused by custom fills. Check all drawings in your lay-out whether they contain custom files and either replace or recreate these.
 - "Put" errors may also be related to a damaged font. Reinstall all fonts used in your document from the original disks, both on your Mac or PC and your RIP. This is a known problem with Linotype PostScript level 1 RIPs when printing from FreeHand 7.
 - A PostScript error invalidaccess error, offending command put can be caused by the use of an incorrect driver. I once got around this error by switching from an Agfa PPD to a generic Scenicsoft PPD while creating PostScript code for Scenicsoft Preps. Using a PPD driver of a recent device for outputting on an older RIP can cause similar problems.
 - I once spend half a day troubleshooting a file from a customer that kept generating rangecheck errors, offending command put. It turned out that some of the about 20 spot colors in the file had round brackets in them (one colour was named 'bordeaux (tarif 1)') and this was unacceptable for the in-rip separation algorithm of the RIP. Changing the names of the spot colors solved the issue. The customer never experienced the problem himself because he always output preseparated files.
 - A rangecheck error, offending command put can occur while trying to print complex Xpress 3.3 files containing lots of nested EPS files (Illustrator files which contained other Illustrator EPS files which themselves contained EPS files of scanned images). Here are three solutions for this problem:
 1. Make a back-up copy of XPress and open this copy with ResEdit. Open the PSHD resource and look for line 1007. Use the search command to find the following piece of text: /A 128 array def. Change the 128 to a higher value (like 250 or even 500). Save the altered application and use it to print the file. Although this solution works, it may still generate the "rangecheck" error if you print lots of pages in one go.
 2. You can also send the file as a composite file and have the RIP do the separation. On Agfa RIPs, this workflow is called "Inrip separaration" or 'Composite printing'.
 3. Download the following piece of PostScript code to the Postscript level II RIP and then print your file. I cannot guarantee that this code works with non-Agfa RIPs.
true 0 startjob
userdict begin
/F18 /array load def
/array { dup 128 eq { pop 50000 } if F18 } bind def
This piece of code will remain active until the RIP is rebooted or reset. You can add it to user/boot but then the first line should not be included.


Main Page | See live article | Alphabetical index
Azure-winged Magpie
Azure-winged Magpie
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Aves
Order:Passeriformes
Family:Corvidae
Genus:Cyanopica
Species:cyana
Binomial name
Cyanopica cyana
The Azure-winged Magpie (Cyanopica cyana) is similar in overall shape to the European Magpie (Pica pica) but is a more slender bird with proportionately smaller legs and bill. It has a glossy black top to the head and a white throat. The underparts and the back are a light grey-fawn in colour with the wings and the long tail feathers a beautiful azure blue.
It occurs in two population groups separated by a huge geographical region between. One population lives in western Europe, specifically the south western part of the Iberian peninsula, in Spain and Portugal. The other population occurs over a much larger region of eastern Asia in most of China, Korea, Japan, and north into Mongolia. It inhabits various types of coniferous and deciduous forest including parks and gardens in the eastern populations.
Often food is found as a family group or several groups making flocks of up to 30 birds and consists of many invertebrates and their larvae, soft fruits and berries and human scraps in parks and towns.
Usually nests in loose, open colonies with a single nest in each tree. There are usually between 6-8 eggs that are incubated for 15 days.
The voice is a quick fired and metallic sounding kwink-kwink-kwink usually preceeded by a single "krarrah".


text:
From the board and C-suite to the facilities staff, everybody at Domo uses Domo. They know Domo makes them more productive, their work more enjoyable, and their workdays less stressful. That, in a nutshell, is what's unique and compelling about Domo—both the product and the company.
This article explains how:
- Domo empowers individuals, teams, and departments.
- Domo encourages productive use of valuable time and resources.
- Domo increases trust, accountability, and reduces tribalism and finger-pointing.
- Domo encourages fact-based, democratized decision making.
- Domo creates a virtuous feedback loop.


Lawn Care
Math and Arithmetic
Units of Measure
How many cubic yards in an area 24x32x6?
Top Answer
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Wiki User
Answered 2010-07-06 22:38:45
That is 4608 cubic feet, so 4608 divided by 27 cubic feet per cubic yard equals _PHONE_... cubic yards
It depends on what the area is measured in, inches, feet, yards or metres.
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Related Questions
This area has a volume of: about 0.764 cubic meters.
There are cubic yards and there are square yards There are no cubic square yards. You can't convert square yards into cubic yards; one measures area, the other measures volume.
a cubic yard is 27 cubic ftyou have 5,000 cubic ft5,000 / 27 = 185.2 cubic yards
53.33333333 cubic yards. I think. Wouldn't you divide your numbers by three to get yards and then multiply those answers together to get the area in cubic yards??
An area with these dimensions has a volume of 3.03 cubic yards.
Cubic yards is a measure of volume and square yards is a unit of area. The two are not directly convertible.
This is not a valid conversion because cubic yards is a measure of volume while square yards is a measure of area.
cubic feet is a volume unit not area unit but anyway the result is: 768 cubic feet = 28.44 cubic yards
That makes no sense. -Square yards is AREA. -Cubic yards is VOLUME. They are totally different. (However, 3 yards cubed, i.e. 3 yards x 3 yards x 3 yards = 27 CUBIC yards)
An acre is an area, a cubic yard is a volume, the question has no meaning
It is impossible to express cubic feet as an area.
None. The extent of a football field is generally measured in terms of its area, for which the units would be square yards, not cubic yards.
There are 27 square feet in one cubic yard. This works out to be 10 cubic yards.
If the 1 cubic yard is in the form of a cube. Then its surface area is 6 square yards.
240 cubic feet = about 8.9 cubic yards. (8.88888889 cubic yards).
That is 22.222 cubic yards
This is not a valid conversion. Cubic meters is a measure of volume while square yards is a measure of area.
Your 1 cubic meter = 1.30795 cubic yards.
One cubic meter is 1.308 cubic yards.
There are 1.308 cubic yards in one cubic meter.
How many loose cubic yards is 9000 bank cubic yards?


text:
An obscuration of the atmosphere in hot weather, especially a shimmering in the air near the ground that distorts distant views.
More example sentences
- The sun shone, the water glittered, and a fine heat haze shimmered over the distant shoreline.
- Theo and the little girl were now little more than two indistinct specks shimmering in the heat haze, a mirage that was beginning to flicker and break up.
- Each day the heat haze shimmered in the distance, distorting the path of the road.
Definition of heat haze in:
- The British & World English dictionary


My bet is namespace exclusivity will in the long run have to be explicitly tied to regular language structures like Windows Explorer's Ribbon (and Word and PowerPoint, etc.), but with P2P software behind the scenes that resolves the context. Currently, it is Microsoft that RESOLVES any ambiguity in, for example, Ribbon words and controls, but there is no reason why this responsibility can't be (synchronously) spread around in an ideal world.
# September 5, 2012 3:52 PM
Robin Debreuil said:
There are standard naming conventions for Javascript variables? Someone should tell the world wide web ; ).
# September 5, 2012 5:10 PM
Querulant said:
Yup, javascript is a terrible *and* obsolete language. There just isn't any better alternative in the browsers. The fact that it has functional features does not make it any better actually and number of people using it does not mean the language is good. It's there just like there was Cobol, Fortan and BASIC in certain environment at certain time.
Semantics: how do you structure complex stuff so that other can understand it ? How do you make sure other code inside 'packages' are able to lookup the right stuff in other packages ? How do you manage evolution of packages which are out of your hand ?
The technique is poor because the javascript is missing such important features as namespaces, not as in your example. It's ok the way you do it, but it's naive (as in Hello World example) the complex stuff will remain complex *and* others will emulate namespaces in different way in the same environment -- see ExtJS as example.
So will the namespaces go away ? Hardly.
And just one more note: the fact javascript has 'all there is in runtime' is thinking inside the javascript box. Try to think out of the box: why aren't there namespaces in javascript ? :-D
# September 5, 2012 6:32 PM
Bertrand Le Roy said:
@rtischer: I said "flatten", the result of which is not necessarily completely "flat", and the ribbon is a actually a lot flatter than the menus were. The menus were hierarchical by nature, whereas the ribbon is just organized.
@robin: that's not what I said, but yes, Camel-casing is the convention.
# September 5, 2012 6:43 PM
Bertrand Le Roy said:
@querulant: I'll leave aside your taste in languages, that I clearly don't share.
Having written an implementation of namespaces in JavaScript at the beginning of the Ajax movement (ASP.NET Ajax), I'm not especially impressed that ExtJS has them: I now consider our attempt to have been largely misguided. JavaScript doesn't need namespaces because one can achieve the same goals with better constructs. That was the point of the post. I did not say that namespaces would disappear, I said that they were obsolete. The same way you are saying that JavaScript is obsolete (although with less evidence) but not that it will disappear any time soon.
Your answer to my question is "The technique is poor because the javascript is missing such important features as namespaces". In other words, this replacement for namespaces is poor because JavaScript doesn't have namespaces? Forgive me if I find your explanation circular and unconvincing. As for your "hello world" argument, this is not a hello world case at all. People are building very complex applications with Node and RequireJS.
Believe me, I've spent a *lot* of time thinking about why JS doesn't have namespaces (and being wrong about the answer). I've also spent a lot of time thinking about .NET, having written a small part of it and having spent nearly 9 years of my life working on it at Microsoft, and I do most of my programming work in C# (Orchard), so I find your admonition to think outside the JS box rather comical. :D
# September 5, 2012 6:56 PM
Querulant said:
Cool, I'm glad we're able to amuse each other.
# September 5, 2012 7:06 PM
Gordon said:
@ludovic: In python you can do "import foo as bar" instead of "bar = __import__("foo")".
# September 5, 2012 10:02 PM
Daniel Cazzulino said:
I think the main difference is that this pattern is consumer-oriented (i.e. you expose a simpler API via "http" module) vs extender-oriented (heavy namespaces and millions of classes, abstracts, virtuals, etc.).
VB's My thing was an attempt, I think, to bring some of that simplification to code reuse. And you can see how .NET in general mixes the two concerns annoyingly (i.e. System.IO.File has a lot of static methods which are just usability facades over the "real" APIs).
I think you're on to something with this. Maybe there is a better way to expose to the public/consumer code something that is simplified and different than the extender/advanced API (namespaces & friends).
I've seen this dual approach taken by projects like xUnit, where the user-facing API is simply under Xunit, whereas the "real" underlying APIs are under something like Xunit.Framework or Xunit.Sdk or the like.
# September 5, 2012 11:20 PM
G McIntyre said:
What about the fact that editor intellisense would be a less useful on those occasions where you are looking for a method but can't quite remember it or you are not sure what it might be called. Organisation can help.
# September 6, 2012 7:15 PM
Bertrand Le Roy said:
@G: Node code is not less organized. Deep hierarchies are not the only ways to organize things.
In this case, if you are looking for something http related, you'll type "http" and immediately get relevant answers, instead of having to guess that you need to go through "System", then "Net". Really, I think your arguments play exactly against the point you are trying to make.
# September 6, 2012 7:38 PM
Mike said:
A few comments / questions:
Would you advocate for .net programmers to use shallow namespace hierarchies and aliased using statements? If not then why not?
I find that I really like the pattern you describe in dynamic languages, but that the benefits are less compelling for something like Java or C# because a good editor will let me instantly discover which referenced code classes come from which modules. In fact, I think the point you made about dependency injection is spot on. I would argue that the pattern you describe is actually closer to DR than to namespaces for statically typed languages.
In terms of moving things around on the file system or further qualifying a module path in RequireJS to prevent collisions, how does this work with third party modules that require other third party modules (seems like this problem should be common if modules are small)?
Very interesting article!
# September 7, 2012 5:53 AM
Bertrand Le Roy said:
@Mike: yes, I would advocate for relatively shallow namespaces in .NET that reflect actual structure rather than hierarchical organization for the sake of it. Look at nHibernate for example: you have the top-level nHibernate namespace, then some high-level modules and then the classes, in most places.
Aliasing on the other hand is only useful in .NET in case of name conflict. I would avoid it otherwise as it won't add much value. It looks the same as what I'm describing here but it really isn't: a closer equivalent would be dependency injection.
I agree that it's more compelling in dynamic languages. Maybe I should do a follow-up post on how this is similar to dependency injection.
On deep dependencies, there is a resolution algorithm that will take care of that.
# September 7, 2012 1:04 PM
rtischer8277 said:
@Querlent: "Semantics: how do you structure complex stuff so that other can understand it ? How do you make sure other code inside 'packages' are able to lookup the right stuff in other packages ? How do you manage evolution of packages which are out of your hand ?"
I really like your questions. My answer to these questions was to resort to an ISO standard for producing computer tractable contexts (SGML). (I was on the original committee). No room for international misunderstanding there. HTML is just one of these contexts that SGML can produce, which the whole world seems to be infatuated with. JS is merely an after-thought code technology whose functions are randomly woven into the simplistic HTML structure. And namespaces in JS would be even more ridiculous since it is a construct that tries to go back and do the job of the overlying context creator SGML. Referring to the SGML->HTML->JS->NS paradigm mess, I am always astounded by the lack of basic linguistic theory that computer scientists continually exhibit.
# September 12, 2012 8:30 AM
Vincent said:
What a stupid idea!
Namespaces are perfectly managed by "using" directive (in C#) and not


text:
Welcome to the Music Room!
What is Our Goal?
At Sanders Corner we seek to empower our students to experience music as a source of personal enrichment, a vehicle for the constructive expression of human emotions, and as a unique intellectual discipline.
Loudoun County's curriculum is based on the National Standard for Music Education. These standards address singing, performing on instruments, reading and notating music, listening, improvising, and composing.
How do We Learn?
Students will learn through a variety of activities and experiences that develop their music skills in the following areas:
| || |
Movement & Dance
Listening & Music Appreciation
Rhythm, Melody, & Harmony
Form & Expressive Elements
Ask your child what they learned in music today!


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Say we have some equations $f_1(x)=0, \ldots f_k(x)=0$ defining a variety $X$ in ${\mathbb C}^n$ (not necessarily a minimal number of generators, and not necessarily of minimal degree), and suppose we want to know the ideal $\bar{I}$ of its closure $\overline{X}$ in ${\mathbb P}^n$. A naive question:
If all the original generators $f_i$ were of degree at most $d$, can we generate $\bar{I}$ using polynomials of degree at most $d$?
If not, what degree bound $d'$ can we give for a minimal generating set of $\bar{I}$?
Motivation, in short: Ideal saturation is an extremely slow operation, but solving a linear system to identify vanishing forms up to a certain degree is polynomial time, which would give a more practical way to compute $\bar{I}$ in high dimensions.
(Sorry, I'm new to computational algebra, and maybe people already know a fast way to compute projective closure...)
Motivation, in long: To compute $\bar{I}$, it's not enough to simply homogenize the generators with respect to a new variable $z$. Denote such homogenizations by $\hat{f}$, their ideal by $\hat{I}$, and their variety by $\hat{X}$. The problem is that $\hat{X}$ might contain irreducible components on the hyperplane at infinity $(z=0)$, so we need to saturate it, $\bar{I}=(\hat{I}:z^\infty)$, to eliminate these components and get the ideal of $\bar{X}$. But saturation is extremely slow! (I think it's at least doubly exponential time in the number of variables.) So I'd like to find $\bar{I}$ instead by solving a linear system on the vector space of homogeneous polynomials of degree at most $d$ to see which ones vanish, and declare that they cut out the variety $\bar{X}$, yay! But do they? If searching up to degree $d$ is not enough, how far do I have to go?
A simple example: Say $f_1 = x$ and $f_2 = y-x^2$ in ${\mathbb C}^2$, so $X$ is just the origin $(0,0)$. Suppose we first homogenize the generators $f_i$. The parabola $\hat{f}_2=yz-x^2=0$ is tangent to the line at infinity at $(x:y:z)=(0:1:0)$, which also lies on $\hat{f}_1=0$. So together they cut out $\hat{X} = \{ (0:0:1) \cup (0:1:0)\}$, and we don't get $\bar{X}=(0:0:1)$ until we saturate $\hat{I}=\langle x,yz-x^2\rangle$ by $z$ to eliminate the component at infinity.
In this example, we already know the answer is the origin, and saturation is very fast for such a small system anyway. But for many variables, we don't already know what the variety looks like, and the saturation might not finish in a human lifetime, so it would be nice to solve a linear system instead.
Thanks for any help on this question!
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Just to be clear: Is $I$ radical? And, do you want to compute the radical of $\bar I$, or any ideal $J$ such that $\sqrt{J} = \sqrt{\bar I}$, or precisely $\bar I$? – auniket Oct 17 '11 at 5:22
My intention was not to take radicals of anything but simply to homogenize and saturate, but it turns out not to matter to the answer: in Manoj's answer below, all the ideals are radical, so the answer to any interpretation of the question is "no, the generator degrees can indeed go up." – Andrew Critch Oct 17 '11 at 6:36
1 Answer 1
up vote 8 down vote accepted
Consider $R = \Bbbk[x_1, \ldots, x_5]$ and $I = (x_1x_2^2-x_3^2, x_1x_4^2-x_5^2)$. When we homogenize w.r.t $z$, we get $(x_1x_2^2-zx_3^2, x_1x_4^2-zx_5^2)$ whose saturation w.r.t $z$ contains the binomial $x_3^2x_4^2-x_2^2x_5^2$ of degree $4$. The original generators are of degree at most $3$.
Look at Section 15.10 of Eisenbud's commutative algebra book; one should homogenize a Groebner basis of $I$. Therefore, bound for $d'$ in terms of $d$ might turn out to be quite large. (This is just my feeling!)
PS: in the 'Simple Example', do you mean that $\hat{f_2} = x^2-yz$? As stated the ideal $\hat{I}$ is already saturated w.r.t. $z$ and does not have a component at $[0:1:0]$.
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Thanks, Manoj! To add to your answer in response to auniket's comment, your ideal $I$ is in fact radical, so its (saturated) homogenization $\bar{I}$ with respect to $z$ is also radical. It turns out to be minimally generated by the three polynomials $x_1x_4^2-x_5^2z$, $x_1x_2^2-x_3^2z$, $x_3^2x_4^2-x_2^2x_5^2$, so any generating set must contain at least one quartic. Thanks also for the correction to my typo, which I've now fixed :) – Andrew Critch Oct 17 '11 at 6:50
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