Skew-symmetric matrix
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In mathematics, and in particular linear algebra, a skew-symmetric (or antisymmetric or antimetric[1]) matrix is a square matrix A whose transpose is also its negative; that is, it satisfies the condition -A = AT. If the entry in the i th row and j th column is aij, i.e. A = (aij) then the skew symmetric condition is aij = −aji. For example, the following matrix is skew-symmetric:
0 & 2 & -1 \\
-2 & 0 & -4 \\
1 & 4 & 0\end{bmatrix}.
We assume that the underlying field is not of characteristic 2: that is, that 1 + 1 ≠ 0 where 1 denotes the multiplicative identity and 0 the additive identity of the given field. Otherwise, a skew-symmetric matrix is just the same thing as a symmetric matrix.
Sums and scalar multiples of skew-symmetric matrices are again skew-symmetric. Hence, the skew-symmetric matrices form a vector space. Its dimension is n(n−1)/2.
Let Matn denote the space of n × n matrices. A skew-symmetric matrix is determined by n(n − 1)/2 scalars (the number of entries above the main diagonal); a symmetric matrix is determined by n(n + 1)/2 scalars (the number of entries on or above the main diagonal). If Skewn denotes the space of n × n skew-symmetric matrices and Symn denotes the space of n × n symmetric matrices and then since Matn = Skewn + Symn and Skewn ∩ Symn = {0}, i.e.
 \mbox{Mat}_n = \mbox{Skew}_n \oplus \mbox{Sym}_n,
where ⊕ denotes the direct sum. Let A ∈ Matn then
 A = \frac{1}{2}(A - A^{\mathsf{T}}) + \frac{1}{2}(A + A^{\mathsf{T}}).
Notice that ½(AAT) ∈ Skewn and ½(A + AT) ∈ Symn. This is true for every square matrix A with entries from any field whose characteristic is different from 2.
Denote with \langle \cdot,\cdot \rangle the standard inner product on Rn. The real n-by-n matrix A is skew-symmetric if and only if
\langle Ax,y \rangle = - \langle x, Ay\rangle \quad \forall x,y\in\Bbb{R}^n.
This is also equivalent to \langle x,Ax \rangle = 0 for all x (one implication being obvious, the other a plain consequence of \langle x+y, A(x+y)\rangle =0 for all x and y). Since this definition is independent of the choice of basis, skew-symmetry is a property that depends only on the linear operator A and a choice of inner product.
All main diagonal entries of a skew-symmetric matrix must be zero, so the trace is zero. If A = (aij) is skew-symmetric, aij = −aji; hence aii = 0.
3x3 skew symmetric matrices can be used to represent cross products as matrix multiplications.
Let A be a n×n skew-symmetric matrix. The determinant of A satisfies
det(A) = det(AT) = det(−A) = (−1)ndet(A). Hence det(A) = 0 when n is odd.
In particular, if n is odd, and since the underlying field is not of characteristic 2, the determinant vanishes. This result is called Jacobi's theorem, after Carl Gustav Jacobi (Eves, 1980).
The even-dimensional case is more interesting. It turns out that the determinant of A for n even can be written as the square of a polynomial in the entries of A, which was first proved by Cayley:[2]
det(A) = Pf(A)2.
This polynomial is called the Pfaffian of A and is denoted Pf(A). Thus the determinant of a real skew-symmetric matrix is always non-negative. However this last fact can be proved in an elementary way as follows: the eigenvalues of a real skew-symmetric matrix are purely imaginary (see below) and to every eigenvalue there corresponds the conjugate eigenvalue with the same multiplicity; therefore, as the determinant is the product of the eigenvalues, each one repeated according to its multiplicity, it follows at once that the determinant, if it is not 0, is a positive real number.
The number of distinct terms s(n) in the expansion of the determinant of a skew-symmetric matrix of order n has been considered already by Cayley, Sylvester, and Pfaff. Due to cancellations, this number is quite small as compared the number of terms of a generic matrix of order n, which is n!. The sequence s(n) (sequence A002370 in OEIS) is
1, 0, 1, 0, 6, 0, 120, 0, 5250, 0, 395010, 0, …
and it is encoded in the exponential generating function
\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{s(n)}{n!}x^n=(1-x^2)^{-\frac{1}{4}}\exp\left(\frac{x^2}{4}\right).
The latter yields to the asymptotics (for n even)
s(n)=\pi^ {-\frac{1}{2} } 2^ {\frac{3}{4}} \Gamma\left (3/4 \right) (n/e)^ {n-\frac{1}{4} } \left (1+O\big(\frac{1}{n}\big)\right).
The number of positive and negative terms are approximatively a half of the total, although their difference takes larger and larger positive and negative values as n increases (sequence A167029 in OEIS).
Spectral theory[edit]
Since a matrix is similar to its own transpose, they must have the same eigenvalues. It follows that the eigenvalues of a skew-symmetric matrix always come in pairs ±λ (except in the odd-dimensional case where there is an additional unpaired 0 eigenvalue). From the spectral theorem, for a real skew-symmetric matrix the nonzero eigenvalues are all pure imaginary and thus are of the form iλ1, −iλ1, iλ2, −iλ2, … where each of the λk are real.
Real skew-symmetric matrices are normal matrices (they commute with their adjoints) and are thus subject to the spectral theorem, which states that any real skew-symmetric matrix can be diagonalized by a unitary matrix. Since the eigenvalues of a real skew-symmetric matrix are imaginary it is not possible to diagonalize one by a real matrix. However, it is possible to bring every skew-symmetric matrix to a block diagonal form by an orthogonal transformation. Specifically, every 2n × 2n real skew-symmetric matrix can be written in the form A = Q Σ QT where Q is orthogonal and
\Sigma = \begin{bmatrix}
\begin{matrix}0 & \lambda_1\\ -\lambda_1 & 0\end{matrix} & 0 & \cdots & 0 \\
0 & \begin{matrix}0 & \lambda_2\\ -\lambda_2 & 0\end{matrix} & & 0 \\
\vdots & & \ddots & \vdots \\
0 & 0 & \cdots & \begin{matrix}0 & \lambda_r\\ -\lambda_r & 0\end{matrix} \\
& & & & \begin{matrix}0 \\ & \ddots \\ & & 0 \end{matrix}
for real λk. The nonzero eigenvalues of this matrix are ±iλk. In the odd-dimensional case Σ always has at least one row and column of zeros.
More generally, every complex skew-symmetric matrix can be written in the form A = U Σ UT where U is unitary and Σ has the block-diagonal form given above with complex λk. This is an example of the Youla decomposition of a complex square matrix.[3]
Alternating forms[edit]
We begin with a special case of the definition. An alternating form φ on a vector space V over a field K, not of characteristic 2, is defined to be a bilinear form
φ : V × VK
such that
φ(v,w) = −φ(w,v).
This defines a form with desirable properties for vector spaces over fields of characteristic not equal to 2, but in a vector space over a field of characteristic 2, the definition fails, as every element is its own additive inverse. That is, symmetric and alternating forms are equivalent, which is clearly false in the case above. However, we may extend the definition to vector spaces over fields of characteristic 2 as follows:
In the case where the vector space V is over a field of arbitrary characteristic including characteristic 2, we may state that for all vectors v in V
φ(v,v) = 0.
This reduces to the above case when the field is not of characteristic 2 as seen below
0 = φ(v + w,v + w) = φ(v,v) + φ(v,w) + φ(w


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Star Trek Adventures: Developers' Blog 001
By Nathan Dowdell, 2d20 System Developer
Basic Rules: Characters
The Star Trek universe is one ripe for exploration, and Star Trek Adventures is designed to allow you to do exactly that, whether you do it via the Starfleet-themed core rulebook or The Klingon Empire core rulebook. But, if you've never played a roleplaying game, or if you've only encountered one or two other RPGs before, getting to grips with how Star Trek Adventures works can seem daunting. So, we've decided to produce a series of short articles to help explain the basics of the game.
The first place to look is the character sheet which you can download for FREE here. It's what you'll be looking at most often during a game, so knowing what the important parts mean is helpful.
There are six main things that make up a player character:
- Traits, such as your character's species, are the central defining facts of who and what the character is. Traits are a bigger subject which we'll discuss in a later article.
- Values are a set of short phrases or statements which show what a character believes. When your values go against your actions, it can make things more challenging, but when your values support your actions, you can achieve far greater degrees of success.
- Attributes are a series of scores that reflect what the character is good at and how they approach problems. There are six attributes—Control, Daring, Fitness, Insight, Reason, and Presence. Each attribute has a score from 7 to 12, and they're used when performing tasks.
- Disciplines are a series of scores that represent a character's skills and training, and they each reflect a different division of Starfleet: Command, Conn, Security, Engineering, Science, and Medicine. Each discipline is rated from 0 to 5, though every player character has at least 1 in each discipline as they're assumed to have at least basic training in all fields. Along with a character's attributes, they're used to perform tasks.
- Focuses are subjects, areas of expertise, and specialties which your character is especially good at. Every engineer knows how a warp drive works, but some are true experts with a focus in warp drive.
- Talents are special tricks and techniques a character knows. They're special abilities that your character possesses which give them an advantage on their adventures.
Attributes and Disciplines
A character's attributes can illustrate what they're like, and how they tend to approach challenges.
- A character with a high Control is likely to be precise, detail-oriented, or highly disciplined.
- A character with a high Daring is bold, courageous, and highly effective under pressure.
- A character with a high Fitness is physically healthy, with high endurance and a good understanding of how to apply physical force.
- High Insight reflects keen instincts, a good understanding of body language and other interpersonal cues, and someone who trusts their gut during difficult situations.
- A high Reason represents a character who is analytical and methodical, highly observant, and good at piecing together the evidence.
- A character with a high Presence is likely to be able to command attention and has a powerful personality. They're probably strong-willed and self-assured.
Meanwhile, a character's disciplines represent their skills and training.
- Command covers leadership and interpersonal skills, an understanding of diplomacy, and coordinating others during a crisis.
- Conn covers the operation and piloting of a starship or other vehicle, as well as interstellar navigation, extra-vehicular activities, familiarity with spacecraft, and knowledge of the protocols, procedures, and traditions of spacefaring.
- Security naturally covers fighting in personal and starship combat, but also criminal investigation, espionage, stealth, wilderness survival, and identifying threats.
- Engineering deals with machines and technology, ranging from operating and repairing complex devices, to inventing new machines and adapting technologies to do things they cannot normally do.
- Science covers all fields of scientific inquiry and study, as well as application of the scientific method, performing research, and generally being observant.
- Medicine covers the theory and practice of medicine, from simple first aid to complex surgery, as well as psychology, genetics, pharmacology, and other fields relating to health and well-being.
We'll look at how you use your attributes and disciplines to attempt tasks during the game in a future article.
A character's focuses may reflect their professional specialties, their personal interests, or their hobbies. A character may be recognized as an expert or master of some of their focuses, or they may be amateur enthusiasts. If the character is a scientist, a doctor, or engineer, they may have published academic papers. A character with a focus in a martial art or athletic discipline may have medals or trophies from competition.
Not all of a character's interests are important enough to be focuses, but a character's focuses are the things they are most deeply interested in and knowledgeable about. We'll dive into more detail on focuses in a future article.
A character's values depict what a character believes, and these beliefs help shape the way a character behaves during play. Values are heavily tied into how you use and gain Determination, and they're a subject that deserves their own article.
A character's talents are a selection of special abilities. Each talent provides a distinct benefit, option, or exception from the normal rules. As talents vary so much, they can't really be summarized here, so we'll examine talents in more detail in a later article.
Thanks for reading this article, and thank you for your interest and support of Star Trek Adventures! Keep your frequencies open for additional STA development blogs on a wide variety of game-related topics in the coming months.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Why is it important to be grateful?
The Lord wants us to have a spirit of gratitude in all we do and say. When we are grateful, we will have greater happiness and satisfaction in our lives. We will recognize the influence and blessings of the Lord.
Prepare yourself spiritually
What scriptures and other resources will help the young women understand the importance of being thankful and the blessings that come from living with gratitude?
Psalm 92:1; 100; Alma 26:8 (Expressions of praise and thanksgiving)
Luke 17:11–19 (The ten lepers)
Alma 37:37; D&C 46:32 (We are commanded to give thanks)
D&C 59:15–21 (Ingratitude offends God)
D&C 78:19 (Blessings of gratitude)
Dieter F. Uchtdorf, "Grateful in Any Circumstances," Ensign or Liahona, May 2014, 70–77
Russell M. Nelson, "Thanks Be to God," Ensign or Liahona, May 2012, 77–79; see also the video "Give Thanks"
Gratitude," For the Strength of Youth (2011), 18
"How Great Thou Art," Hymns, no. 86; "Count Your Blessings," Hymns, no. 241
Share experiences
Introduce the doctrine
 - Assign each young woman a letter of the alphabet, and give the class one minute to list all the blessings they can think of that begin with their letters. Why do we sometimes overlook the seemingly small blessings the Lord has given us? Ask a class member to read Doctrine and Covenants 46:32 or 59:21. How can we show more gratitude for "whatsoever blessing [we] are blessed with"?
 - Write on the board, "Our degree of __________ is a measure of our love for Him." Encourage the young women to listen for the word that completes the sentence as they watch the short video "Give Thanks." Invite the young women to share examples of people in their lives who exhibit love for the Savior through gratitude.
Learn together
Each of the activities below will help the young women understand the importance of gratitude. Following the inspiration of the Spirit, select one or more that will work best for your class:
 - Invite each young woman to read Luke 17:11–19 and share why they think nine of the ten lepers did not give thanks to the Savior. What are some things that might keep us from expressing gratitude? Invite the young women to think about a blessing they have received for which they may not have expressed appropriate gratitude. Why is it important to express thanks? What will they do to show gratitude?
 - As a class, read scripture passages and sing hymns of praise and thanksgiving, such as those listed in this outline. Invite the young women to look for phrases about things for which they also feel gratitude or praise. Invite them to share the phrases they chose, explain why they chose them, and express their own feelings of gratitude.
 - Tell or read the story of the fish from Elder Russell M. Nelson's talk "Thanks Be to God." Ask the young women if they have ever helped others (like the caretaker in this story) without being thanked. Divide the rest of the talk by the section headings, and assign each young woman to read a section. Ask the young women to write down something they learn about gratitude and a scripture related to what they learned (they could use the Topical Guide). Allow the young women to share what they wrote down and to tell of a time when they have felt grateful for one of God's gifts.
 - Read or tell the story about Gordon Green's family from President Thomas S. Monson's talk "The Divine Gift of Gratitude." Ask the young women to listen for things that made the family feel grateful. Why did the family's attitude change throughout the story? Invite the young women to ponder questions like the following: "Have I ever been guilty of having an unthankful attitude?" "Are there any blessings I have that I am not noticing?" "How would having a grateful attitude be a blessing to me?" Invite a few of them to share some of their thoughts.
 - Assign each young woman to study a section of President Dieter F. Uchtdorf's talk "Grateful in Any Circumstances," without giving them the titles of their sections. Ask them to write their own titles—phrases or sentences that they feel summarize what they have studied. Invite them to share their titles and anything they learn from President Uchtdorf's counsel about gratitude. What can they do to develop the attitude of gratitude President Uchtdorf describes?
Ask the young women to share what they learned today. What feelings or impressions do they have? Do they understand the importance of gratitude? Do they have any additional questions? Would it be helpful to spend more time on this topic?
Live what we are learning
 - Offer a prayer of gratitude only, thanking Heavenly Father for blessings and asking for nothing.
 - Look for opportunities to express gratitude throughout the week.


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Tioga River (Chemung River)
The Tioga River (// TIE-o-guh) is a tributary of the Chemung River, approximately 58 miles (93 km) long, in northern Pennsylvania and western New York in the United States. It drains a region of ridges in the northern Allegheny Plateau in the watershed of the Susquehanna River.
It rises in the mountains of western Bradford County and flows initially southwest into Tioga County, passing through Tioga State Forest. In southern Tioga County it turns north, cutting gaps in four separate ridges while flowing past Blossburg and Mansfield, then through Tioga Reservoir. North of Tioga it receives Crooked Creek from the west, then crosses into Steuben County, New York, near Lawrenceville, Pennsylvania. It receives the Cowanesque River from the west approximately 1 mi (2 km) north of the state line, then receives the Canisteo River from the west in southwestern Steuben County, approximately 10 mi (15 km) southwest of Corning. It joins the Cohocton River at Painted Post, just west of Corning, to form the Chemung, a tributary of the Susquehanna.
In the 19th century the Tioga Valley supported a large shipbuilding industry. Logs were floated down the Tioga and the Chemung to the Susquehanna River and on to the Chesapeake Bay and the shipyards of Baltimore.
Tioga Reservoir
The Tioga River has one major impoundment, the Tioga Reservoir, formed by a dam just after the borough of Tioga, Pennsylvania and just before it receives Crooked Creek. The lake has a surface area of 498 acres (2.02 km2) and is administered by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, which built the Tioga Dam from 1973 to 1979. Built together with the adjoining Hammond Dam and Hammond Lake (on Crooked Creek), the total project cost $200 million.
The dam projects were initially authorized by the United States Congress in the Flood Control Act of 3 July, 1958 (Public Law 85-500). Construction was begun in the aftermath of the devastating floods caused by Hurricane Agnes in June 1972. A channel connects the two lakes so that Hammond Lake (which has greater storage capacity) may be used to store excess (flood) water from Tioga Lake.
However, in addition to flood control on the Chemung and Susquehanna rivers, the dams are also meant to help decrease the acidity of water in the Tioga River downstream of the dams by dilution with the more neutral waters of Crooked Creek. The Tioga River's acidity is caused by acid mine drainage.
See also
- U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map, accessed August 8, 2011
- U.S. Geological Survey: PA stream gaging stations
- Rootsweb: Tioga River history
- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers page on Tioga-Hammond Lakes
- History of the Hammond-Tioga Dam Project
- Chesapeake Bay Program - The Tioga River Watershed
- Chesapeake Bay Program - Tioga River - Canisteo River To Chemung River Watershed

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


by Emily Dickson Collaborator
What's My Horse's Age in Human Years?
What's My Horse's Age in Human Years?
*Hint: It's more than a horse teeth age chart*
There's a lot of information out there about your dog's age in human years. Science has determined that it's a little more complicated than the common knowledge of multiplying by 7
Turns out, it's a little more complicated when it comes to calculating your horse's "human age" too.
Obviously, horses and humans mature at different rates. For example, a newborn foal should stand up and walk within 3 hours of being born, in comparison to human babies, which only begin walking at about 1 year of age!
How do you calculate a horse's age in human years?
There's not just one chart or age calculator to answer this question, as each horse is an individual, so it's important to not take this too seriously!
Even so, one estimate that equine veterinarians have come up with for determining a horse's age in human years is this (1):
 - 6.5 human years for each horse year from birth to age 4
 - 2.5 human years for each horse year starting at age 4
Let's say your horse is 15 years old.
6.5 x 3 years = 19.5 human years
2.5 x 12 years = 30 human years
Your 15-year-old horse is 49.5 in human years! Time to start planning that big milestone birthday party...
Average Age of a Horse
The average lifespan of a domestic horse is between 25 and 33 years. Different factors play into this, including nutrition, management, breed, size, etc.
Smaller horse breeds (like ponies) typically mature faster and have a reputation for living longer, sometimes into their 40s (in horse years!), while larger breeds (like Warmbloods) typically require more time for maturation and development.
At what age is a horse considered a senior?
Some experts make the cut-off at 20 years old, however, many equine nutritionists consider older horses "senior" when they have trouble maintaining body condition on their normal diet of hay and grain. This usually happens due to dental issues (horses having a hard time chewing hay as they age).
Senior horse feeds are typically complete feeds, meaning that they contain forage, and are designed to be fed as a stand-alone diet, without hay.
If your horse is still able to chew well, eat hay, and maintain their body condition, don't worry about the "cut-off" age. Your horse's age is just a number after all. Keeping the horse on a diet that is closest to nature for as long as possible is the best way to maintain quality of life.
Healthy as a Horse: Extending the Number of Horse Years
It's not just about calculating horse age in human years or the lifespan of a horse; it's about extending the life in your horse's years! So how can you promote healthy horse aging?
 1. Feed your horse at an optimal rate at every stage, according to their exercise level, phase of development, and weight. Overfeeding can lead to developmental diseases in young horses that affect the horse's performance for their entire lives and can have negative consequences such as laminitis, insulin resistance, and potentially colic, as the horse ages.
 1. Regular equine management practices. Prioritize annual preventive measures, including vaccinations, dental care, and regular deworming, which all play a major role in your horse's longevity. And don't forget that keeping your horse on a consistent farrier schedule is critical for hoof and joint health.
 1. Protect the gut microbiome. Many horses' lives are cut short due to digestive problems, which can happen at any age. We've all heard the horror stories. One of the best preventive care measures you can take as a loving horse owner is to feed your horse a high quality equine probiotic supplement.
Your horse's age in human years is less important than their quality of life. Before you pull out the teeth aging chart or horse age calculator, follow these steps and they'll be aging backwards in human years before you know it!
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text: The design of automated negotiators has been the focus of abundant research in recent years. However, due to difficulties involved in creating generalized agents that can negotiate in several domains and against human counterparts, many automated negotiators are domain specific and their behavior cannot be generalized for other domains. Some of these difficulties arise from the differences inherent within the domains, the need to understand and learn negotiators' diverse preferences concerning issues of the domain and the different strategies negotiators can undertake. In this paper we present a system that enables alleviation of the difficulties in the design process of general automated negotiators termed Genius, a General Environment for Negotiation with Intelligent multi-purpose Usage Simulation. With the constant introduction of new domains, e-commerce and other applications, which require automated negotiations, generic automated negotiators encompass many benefits and advantages over agents that are designed for a specific domain. Based on experiments conducted with automated agents designed by human subjects using Genius we provide both quantitative and qualitative results to illustrate its efficacy. Our results show the advantages and underlying benefits of using Genius for designing general automated negotiators.


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Drawing a Cartoon Character in DrawPlus
DrawPlus is the versatile drawing software from Serif, which has a set of different tools that lets you create fascinating drawings, graphics, logos and animations. You can also use this software for photo enhancements and editing. The following explains how you can use the various drawing tools to create a simple back view of a cartoon character of a cat. First, initiate the software and create a new blank document in the drawing workspace.
Step 1: Drawing the Head
To the left of your workspace, you will find the vertical menu bar with different icons. Click on the triangle on the Quick shapes icon and choose the Eclipse. Now, click on the page and drag your mouse to make a bit of a flattened eclipse of the appropriate size. On one side of this eclipse, make another smaller one which is elongated. You need to tilt this eclipse so that it looks like an ear. For this, click on the triangle next to the Rotate button, which you will find under the Arrange tab (which is in the right bottom corner of your screen).
Select the angle at which you want the tilt of the ear. To move the ear exactly in place, drag on the plus sign, which is the move button you will see on the left upper corner of the eclipse. To create the other ear, just right click on the shape you just created. Select Copy, and then right click again and select Paste. Now select the new shape, and click on the Flip Horizontal button, which is also under the Arrange tab. Now move the ear to the other side of the head. In the tool bar, click on the Pointer Tool and then click and drag to select all that you have created. Under the Arrange tab, click on the Add button. This will give you the outline of the head with the ears.
Step 2: Drawing the Body
From the Quick shapes, now choose the Rectangle and draw it below the head. Under the Arrange tab click on the Convert to Curves button. Then go over to the tool bar and click on the Node Tool and then drag your mouse to select the Rectangle on the page. Just above the work area is the Context Toolbar and from this click on the Smart Corner button. This will give a nice rounded shape to your rectangle which resembles the body of a cat.
Step 3: Drawing the Front Paws and Back Legs
For the paws, Copy the same rectangle of the body and resize it to make it smaller with the corner handles. Then, copy this same shape for the other side of the body to make the front paws. Create two more copies of the same shape and rotate them to ninety degrees with the Rotate button. These will be the two legs of the cat. With the Pointer Tool, select the whole area with the new shapes, and then click on the Add button to make them all into one shape.
Step 4: Drawing the Tail
The tail can be drawn freehand by selecting the free form Paint Tool. Set the width of this tool from the Context Toolbar to the appropriate thickness, and click and drag to draw the tail; you now have a cartoon character of a cat.


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Have you ever taken a photo of your favourite celebrity haircut to your Kelowna hair salon, only to wonder why those bangs, or that pixie cut doesn't look quite the same on you?
While we think you should wear whatever hairstyle you want, whenever you want, knowing your face shape can help you choose haircuts you'll be happy with. Keep reading for a few tips to determine the best hair style for your face shape.
Kelowna Hairdresser Advice: How to Find Your Face Shape
Before deciding on which hairstyle suits you, the first place to start is determining your face shape.
The first step is to determine the widest part of your face.
- Is it your forehead? You may have an oval shaped face, especially if the width of your face tapers towards the chin.
- Is it your cheekbones? If so, and the length and width of your face are very similar, you likely have a round face shape.
- Is it your jaw? If your jaw is the widest part of your face, you likely have a square face shape. When measured, a square face shape's forehead, cheeks and jawline are all very similar in width.
The second step is to determine the shape of your jaw.
- Round: Round shaped faces usually have softer, round shaped jaws. However, if the length of your face is noticeably longer than your face is wide, you likely have an oval shaped face.
- Square: If you have a strong jawline, but not a pointy chin, you likely have a square face.
- Pointed: Face shapes that taper toward the chin, with a more pointed jawline are usually heart shaped.
Kelowna Hair Salon Suggestions for a Round Face Shape
Round faces are almost the same width and length, with no prominent angles. Round faces have a youthful, glowing appearance and may look best with a side part, so the eye has something to follow. If you're looking for a short haircut, round faces can look great with short bobs or even pixie cuts. If your're looking for a longer style, barely-there layers that hit at the jawline can flatter your face shape.
Kelowna Hair Salon Suggestions for a Oval Face Shape
If your face follows a lot of the round characteristics, but is noticeably longer than wide, you likely have an oval face shape. If you have an oval face shape, you have one of the most versatile for hairstyles. We encourage you to take a risk with your hair! Try a pixie cut, add some layers, or take a risk with bangs. Our Kelowna hairstylists recommend choosing hairstyles that keep the hair out of your face to show off your best features. Slicked back looks or high knots are easy since you won't have to worry about softening certain features.
Kelowna Hair Salon Suggestions for a Heart Face Shape
The heart face shape is wider at the forehead and tapers down into a small, narrow, slightly pointed chin. Many heart-shaped faces have beautiful, high cheekbones. Hairstyles that either accentuate your face shape or make the bottom half of your face look wider can be most flattering. High top knots, deep side parts, and loose curls can show off the elegant and feminine heart face shape. Cutting your hair around shoulder length to add volume at the bottom can create the illusion of a wider jawline.
Kelowna Hair Salon Suggestions for a Square Face Shape
Square faces are usually quite wide, with the forehead, cheekbones, and jawline almost all the same width. Square faces usually photograph well, showing the strong jawlines and prominent features. When choosing a hairstyle, you can either accentuate the shape of your face, or choose a hairstyle that softens your jawline. Blunt bangs and short bobs can show off your jawline, while soft, wispy side bangs can soften your jawline.
Do What You Want With Your Hair!
Ultimately, we think you should wear your hair how you want, and how it makes you feel good! Next time you stop by PlanB hair salon and baber shop, make sure to ask your hair stylist about your face shape, and what cut will look the best. We'd be happy to help!

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Wednesday, 22 June 2011
Water Solar Ball
While you might mistake designer Jonathan Liow's Solarball for a familiar hamster's toy, it's actually a really cool new product for humans that purifies water using the sun. The Monash University graduate's project is specifically geared towards aiding residents of underdeveloped areas with no clean drinking water, particularly small villages in Africa.
A trip to Cambodia spurred Liow's desire to design a simple product that could help others, and that's how the Solarball was born. Each ball can yield just over three quarts of clean drinking water each day if placed in the direct sun. Inside the ball, the dirty water evaporates away, separating the dirt and contaminants out. The resulting condensation is clean and drinkable. The small size is easy to carry, as well as affordable.
The design does pose a few problems. The size, although convenient and extremely portable, does not generate enough water for one person, let alone a village. Another factor is that the Solarball would need to be made of a durable plastic that can withstand constant exposure to the hot sun, and not become weakened easily. Although a great invention, it is not yet suitable to solve the water problem of an entire village.
A finalist in the 2011 Australian Design Award-James Dyson Award, the Solarball prototype will be on display at the Milan International Design Fair.


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Many important applications in biology have underlying datasets that are relational, that is, only the (dis)similarity between biological objects (amino acid sequences, gene expression profiles, etc.) is known and not their feature values in some feature space. Examples of such relational datasets are the gene similarity matrices obtained from BLAST, gene expression data, or gene ontology (GO) similarity measures. Once a relational dataset is obtained, a common question asked is how many groups of objects are represented in the original dataset. The answer to this question is usually obtained by employing a clustering algorithm and a cluster validity measure. In this article we describe a cluster validity measure for non-Euclidean relational fuzzy c-means that is based on the correlation between a relation induced on the data by the cluster memberships and the original relational data. This validity measure can be applied to partitions made by any fuzzy relational clustering algorithm. We illustrate our measure by validating clusters in several dissimilarity matrices for a set of 194 gene products obtained using BLAST and GO similarities.


Dimension Properties

Updated: May 24, 2016
Namespace: Microsoft.AnalysisServices
Assembly: Microsoft.AnalysisServices (in Microsoft.AnalysisServices.dll)
NameDescription
System_CAPS_pubpropertyAnnotations
Gets the collection object of all annotations to current object.(Inherited from MajorObject.)
System_CAPS_pubpropertyAttributeAllMemberName
Gets or sets the AllMember attribute value of the dimension.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyAttributeAllMemberTranslations
Gets the translations collection for the AllMember attribute.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyAttributes
Gets the attributes collection of the dimension.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyCollation
Gets or sets the collation for the members of the dimension.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyContainer
(Inherited from Component.)
System_CAPS_pubpropertyCreatedTimestamp
Gets or sets the date and time of the creation of the object.(Inherited from MajorObject.)
System_CAPS_pubpropertyCurrentStorageMode
Gets or sets the current storage mode of the dimension.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyCurrentStringStoresCompatibilityLevel
Gets or sets the compatibility level of the current string stores.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyDataSource
Gets the data source object used in the current dimension.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyDataSourceView
Gets the DataSourceView object associated with a Dimension.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyDependsOnDimension
Gets the dimension object of a dimension that the current dimension either depends on, or is highly correlated with.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyDependsOnDimensionID
Gets or sets the dimension internal identifier of a dimension that the current dimension depends on. See DependsOnDimension.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyDescription
Gets or sets a description string of current object.(Inherited from MajorObject.)
System_CAPS_pubpropertyDimensionPermissions
Gets the permissions collection for the dimension.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyErrorConfiguration
Get or sets the error configuration object for the current dimension.
System_CAPS_protpropertyFriendlyName
Returns a user-friendly name.(Inherited from NamedComponent.)
System_CAPS_pubpropertyHierarchies
Gets the Hierarchy collection for the current dimension.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyID
Gets or sets the identifier of the component.(Inherited from NamedComponent.)
System_CAPS_pubpropertyIsLinked
Gets a value indicating whether the current dimension is linked.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyIsLoaded
Gets a value that indicates whether MajorObject have been loaded.(Inherited from MajorObject.)
System_CAPS_pubpropertyIsParentChild
Gets a true value if current dimension is of ParentChild type.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyKeyAttribute
Gets the lowest level attribute for the current dimension.
System_CAPS_protpropertyKeyForCollection
Returns the key used in collections.(Inherited from NamedComponent.)
System_CAPS_pubpropertyLanguage
Gets or sets the value that specifies the default language for a Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyLastProcessed
Gets or sets the DateTime on which the object was last processed.(Inherited from ProcessableMajorObject.)
System_CAPS_pubpropertyLastSchemaUpdate
Gets or sets the date and time when current object schema was last updated.(Inherited from MajorObject.)
System_CAPS_pubpropertyMdxMissingMemberMode
Gets or sets the MDX missing member mode associated with a Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyMiningModel
Gets the details of an individual mining model associated with a Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyMiningModelID
Gets or sets the mining model identifier associated with a Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyName
Gets or sets the name of the component.(Inherited from NamedComponent.)
System_CAPS_pubpropertyOwningCollection
Gets or sets the collection that contains the ModelComponent.(Inherited from ModelComponent.)
System_CAPS_pubpropertyParent
Gets the parent Database of the Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyParentServer
Gets the parent Server of the Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyProactiveCaching
Gets or sets the proactive caching properties associated with a Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyProcessingGroup
Gets or sets the processing group associated with a Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyProcessingMode
Gets or sets the processing mode associated with a Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyProcessingPriority
Gets or sets the processing priority of a Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyProcessingRecommendation
Gets or sets the processing recommendation associated with a Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyProcessingState
Gets or sets the processing state of the dimension.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyRelationships
Gets the collection of dimension relationships.
System_CAPS_pubpropertySite
Gets or sets the site of the component.(Inherited from NamedComponent.)
System_CAPS_pubpropertySiteID
Gets or sets the identifier for the site associated with the component.(Inherited from NamedComponent.)
System_CAPS_pubpropertySource
Gets or sets the source attribute to which binding is made for a Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyState
Gets or sets the AnalysisState of this current instance.(Inherited from ProcessableMajorObject.)
System_CAPS_pubpropertyStorageMode
Gets or sets the storage mode associated with a Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyStringStoresCompatibilityLevel
Gets or sets the compatibility level of the string stores.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyTranslations
Gets the collection of translations that are associated with a Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyType
Gets or sets the type of Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyUnknownMember
Gets or sets the unknown member behavior for a Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyUnknownMemberName
Gets or sets the caption to be used for Unknown Members in the default language for a Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyUnknownMemberTranslations
A collection of translations that provide a caption for an Unknown Member associated with a Dimension object.
System_CAPS_pubpropertyWriteEnabled
Gets or sets the Boolean value for the write-enable property that is associated with a Dimension object.
NameDescription
System_CAPS_pubinterfaceSystem_CAPS_privpropertyIHostableComponent.Host
(Inherited from ModelComponent.)
System_CAPS_pubinterfaceSystem_CAPS_privpropertyIMajorObject.BaseType
Gets the base type implementation of the Dimension.
System_CAPS_pubinterfaceSystem_CAPS_privpropertyIMajorObject.ObjectReference
Gets the object reference implementation of the Dimension.
System_CAPS_pubinterfaceSystem_CAPS_privpropertyIMajorObject.ParentDatabase
Gets the parent database referred by the Dimension.
System_CAPS_pubinterfaceSystem_CAPS_privpropertyIMajorObject.ParentServer
Gets the parent server referred by the Dimension.
System_CAPS_pubinterfaceSystem_CAPS_privpropertyIMajorObject.Path
Gets the path implementation of the Dimension.
System_CAPS_pubinterfaceSystem_CAPS_privpropertyIModelComponent.FriendlyPath
(Inherited from ModelComponent.)
System_CAPS_pubinterfaceSystem_CAPS_privpropertyIModelComponent.OwningCollection
(Inherited from ModelComponent.)
System_CAPS_pubinterfaceSystem_CAPS_privpropertyIProcessable.LastProcessed
(Inherited from ProcessableMajorObject.)
System_CAPS_pubinterfaceSystem_CAPS_privpropertyIProcessable.State
(Inherited from ProcessableMajorObject.)
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text: Two gas chromatographic methods, GC‐FID (flame ionization detection) and GC‐ELCD (electrolytic conductivity detector) are compared in tlie analysis of volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) in water samples with a membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) technique. Carbon disulfide, ethanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, ethyl‐methyl sulfide, thiophene, and dimethyl disulfide were used as test compounds. Linear dynamic ranges were found to be two decades with the GC‐ELCD method and four decades with the GC‐FID and MIMS methods. Detection limits were at low (μg/1 levels with the two gas chromatographic methods and clearly below μg/1 level with the MIMS method. Analysis of one sample takes 40 min with the gas chromatographic methods and five minutes with the MIMS method. The selectivity was good, especially with the GC‐ELCD and the MIMS method. In addition, quantitative results obtained with spiked water samples by the three methods are compared.


text:
The definition of fiscal is something related to finances or public revenue.(adjective)
Fiscal is defined as an official person in some countries.(noun)
An example of a fiscal is the Crown Office and Procurator Service in Scotland.
See fiscal in Webster's New World College Dictionary
Origin: Fr < LL fiscalis < L fiscus, basket of rushes, public chest < IE *bhidh-, pot (> ON bitha, milk jug) < base *bheidh-, to weave, tie
See fiscal in American Heritage Dictionary 4
Origin:, from Latin fiscālis
Origin:, from fiscus, money basket, treasury.
Learn more about fiscal


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In recent years Iran has been a is a leading dates fruit producer in the world with an annual production of 900000 metric tons from 218000 ha of cultivated Land. Date palms grown mainly in South, South East, and South West of the country, and with less important in central of Iran.
Commercially important Varieties in Iran: There are about 400 varieties known in Iran, but only few of them are commercially important.
We supply and export 4 kind of Dates:
- Mazafati Fresh Dates
- Sayer Dates (Pitted & Un-pitted)
- Piarom Dates
- Zahedi Dates


When we were young, our history professor would tell us about the importance of looking at our past in order to understand our present. This is part of the reason why we hold our memories so dearly; because it is innate in us to make sense of the now.
The many episodes of our lives lead us to believe in the power of photos and videos.
Much like how we capture our lives in different braces and brackets, we find that there should be a balance in savoring everything as memories, and that of living them. Each time we do that, our past may start to make sense, allowing us to have equilibrium in our lives.
Encapsulated in film and cards are
activations of our senses.
In that perfect balance, one thing is consistent: it is that we live! Buhi translates as live. It is a Visayan word that pays homage to the origin of Studio Buhi's founders. The promise to bring to life, and have people seeing, touching, smelling, tasting, and hearing in captured images and videos is, in every sense, a Studio Buhi original.


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Water-based matt acrylic colours, specially formulated for airbrush.
Each color has been rigorously developed in collaboration with modelers specializing in figures and fantasy dioramas.
Most Game Air colours have their equivalence in Game Color so the modeler can combine both formulations to work simultaneously with airbrush and brush.
The colours can be used directly on the surface, or diluted with our Airbrush Thinner or Flow Improver.
They dry quickly and it is advisable to apply successive coats on a previously primed surface.
A few hours after application, the colour forms a film of extraordinary resistance without altering the slightest detail of the model.
It can be used with a brush.
The recommended adjustments for the use of the compressor are around 15 - 20 PSI or 0.5 to 1 kg.
For proper maintenance of the airbrush we recommend using Vallejo Airbrush Cleaner.


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Six men from Northern Ireland were bestowed with the Victoria Cross, the highest military decoration awarded for "valour in the face of the enemy".
They're set to be honoured further next year on the centenary of the outbreak of World War One, when the streets of the Northern Ireland towns and villages they were from will be paved with commemorative stones remembering them.
However there has been some worry that some of the winners of the VC who spent most of their lives here, but weren't born in NI, will not be included.
This would affect men such as Lieutenant Colonel Richard West.
He spent much of his life in Co Fermanagh, and was even in the North Irish Horse unit when he rallied the troops in the face of certain death at Courcelles in France.
Then there is John Spencer Dunville, who was born in Marylebone in London in 1896, but his family had very strong ties to Holywood.
His father was chairman of Dunville and Company whiskey distillers. He got the Victoria Cross for his actions as a second lieutenant in the 1st Royal Dragoons in 1917 in France.
Local historians have told UTV that the men should also be honoured.
David Truesdale said: "Dunville is an Irish VC recipient and he's a Co Down recipient, there's no argument about it at all - where you're from is really irrelevant."
The question of whether someone is actually 'from' Northern Ireland or not has become an interesting one in the context of this debate.
According to the Department for Communities and Local Government, it will be prepared to discuss each case.
It said: "We would encourage local authorities, who are responsible for deciding where the paving stones will be placed, to talk with one another if they feel that a town outside of the recipient's birth place would be more appropriate to receive the paving stone."
So, it means we could yet see those Victoria Cross winners who weren't born here, but with strong associations here, honoured after all.


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If the classroom doorknob disfunction or the bathroom won't flush, teachers will fix it. Teacher's are the handy person inside the classroom. That is why, when parents volunteered to do the handy job, the teacher can focus teaching.
There are more than 50 children inside the classroom with no tables and chairs. Government can't accommodate to give each classroom what they need. The teacher should be resourceful! That is why during the PTA meeting, the teacher would ask for school projects. Look! A newly painted table and chairs for the new first grader to use. I salute the parents who are active in the school to make the learning situation inside the classroom easier and comfortable for their children. (Pictures: Agusan Elementary School, Agusan, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines) Photo Courtesy: Jacky Rodriguez


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The CR295X is a small, low-cost datalogger that reads input from one or two sensors, then transmits the data using the GOES satellite transmitter. Multiple CR295Xs can be configured as a network, or units can be deployed individually. CRBasic, its full programming language, supports simple or complex programming and many onboard data reduction processes. It supports stand-alone operation in harsh, remote environments.Read More
The CR295X includes an additional RS-232 serial port that allows communications with the TX320, TX312, or SAT HDR GOES satellite transmitter. It has several input channels for measuring a variety of sensors. Gas discharge tubes provide rugged electrostatic discharge protection for the inputs.
The CR295X does not make differential measurements and is not compatible with SDM devices, multiplexers, or thermocouples. (Refer to the Compatibility information on the web page for compatible sensors, peripherals, and software.) Recalibration services are not offered for the CR295X dataloggers.
|-NOTE-||Note: Additional specifications are listed in the CR200X-Series Specifications Sheet.|
|Maximum Scan Rate||1 Hz|
|Pulse Count Channels||2|
|Switched Excitation Channels||2 voltage|
|Communication Ports||2 RS-232|
|Switched Battery Port||1|
|Input Voltage Range||0 to 2500 mV|
|Analog Voltage Accuracy||±(0.25% of reading + (1.2 mV)x(offset)) at -40° to +50°C|
|Analog Voltage Resolution||0.6 mV|
|Operating Temperature||-40° to +50°C|
|Power Requirements||7 to 16 Vdc|
|Typical Current Drain||
|Protocols Supported||PakBus (leaf node only), SDI-12|
|Dimensions||14.0 x 7.6 x 4.8 cm (5.5 x 3.0 x 1.9 in.)|
|Weight||242 g (8.5 oz)|
|Final Storage||512 kB of flash memory for approximately 125,000 data points|
|Operating System||106 kB of flash memory|
|Intermediate Storage||8 kB of SRAM for communication buffers, calculations, variables, etc.|
Please note: The following shows notable compatibility information. It is not a comprehensive list of all compatible products.
|LoggerNet||Version 2.1 or higher|
|PC400||Version 1.0 or higher|
|PCONNECT (retired)||Version 3.0 or higher|
|PCONNECTCE (retired)||Version 2.0 or higher|
|VISUALWEATHER||Version 2.0 or higher|
The CR295X is compatible with our TX320, TX312 (retired), and SAT HDR GOES (retired) satellite transmitters.
The CR295X can communicate with a PC via direct connect, NL201 Network Link Interface, NL240 Wi-Fi Network Link, MD485 multidrop modem, and digital cellular modems. Data can be viewed on an iOS device, an Android device, CD295 DataView II Display, or a user-supplied PDA. To use an iOS or Android device, go to the Apple Store or Google Play and download our LoggerLink Mobile Apps free of charge. User-supplied PDAs require either PConnect or PConnectCE software.
Campbell Scientific's SDM devices and multiplexers are not supported.
Typical power supply is a BP12 12 Ahr or BP24 24 Ahr battery, CH100 or CH200 regulator, and an SP10 or SP20 solar panel. The CR295X includes a cable for connecting it with the satellite transmitter and power supply.
An ENC16/18 enclosure can house the CR295X logger, satellite transmitter, and power supply; smaller enclosures cannot house the power supply required for GOES communications. Hardware is included with the data logger for mounting to an enclosure backplate.
The CR295X can measure a variety of sensors including SDI-12 sensors and 4 to 20 mA sensors. It cannot make differential measurements and is not compatible with the freezing-rain/ice, fuel moisture/temperature, geographic position, present weather, soil heat flux, soil matric water potential, and strain sensors listed on our price lists.
Execution of this download installs the Operating System and Compiler on your computer for the following dataloggers:CR200X, CR206X, CR211X, CR216X and CR295X. It also updates the support files for the CRBasic Editor.
Note: Newer CR206X dataloggers (serial # ≥ 19122) and newer CR211X dataloggers (serial # ≥ 19143) have 250 mW radios that must use OS 3 or higher for their datalogger operating system.
Number of FAQs related to CR295X: 1
The CR200X-series and the retired CR200-series dataloggers are NOT compatible with SDMs or multiplexers. If more channels are needed or may be needed in the future, consider purchasing a CR800, CR850, or CR1000 instead.


text:
Entering Professional Theatre
Chapter 3: Advanced Walking and Diet
By John Bent Jr. (MSW)
Advanced Sound Walking
It is a well documented fact, that almost all the sound effects used in theatre in the 1950s were chickens. Chickens clucking, chickens pecking, chickens flying (science would later discover that chickens can not in fact fly), and chickens cooking. In fact Sound Walking wasn't even called Sound Walking in the 1950's. It was known as "Dodging the Chicken".
Jack Apogee would have only have dealt with chicken sounds, and as a result, his repertoire of walking techniques was small. But today there are many sound effects, like thunder, automobiles, and flatulence.
This chapter shall deal with the advances in walking sound, and the many strides modern sound walking has taken.
Jack Apogee dodging the chickens
Designer – Walker Communication
Many aspects of technical theatre were borrowed from other sources, and one of these sources is the navy. Knot tying, rigging, wigs, and the underwear parade, are deep, rich naval traditions.
So when Sound Walkers found it difficult to take instructions from their designers, it was a naval technique that saved the day. Semaphore.
A Sound Designer on leave from HMS Sussex
Although the semaphore used in modern sound walking has it's roots in the navy, it was updated to suit the sound designer and sound walker's needs. Naval Semaphore is nothing but an alphabet, but because most Sound Walkers can't read, let alone spell, the Navy's semaphore just wouldn't do. Here are some examples of Semaphore for Sound Levels or "Flagging the Walker".
A Sound Walker Pretending to know how to read.
Examples of Flagging the Walker
Due to the rising cost of gaff tape, modern day theatres are reducing the set up time for shows. Where crews used to have weeks to set up a show, now they only have days. In the future, sound levels will be set during the closing performance of the previous show.
Crews have had to learn to multitask in order to utilise the time given. It's not enough to just be a sound walker any more. While walking sound, you may be asked to sew buttons on a costume, paint a piece of scenery, or choreograph the 2nd act. You must evolve to keep up with the times.
The Multitasking Sound Booth
Many new products on the market will help with this new "Time Crunch" that is infecting modern theatre. Here are some examples…
Why set levels on only 1 cue at a time when you can do 2?
This machine produces ideas on how to save overtime.
It costs 19 million dollars.
Sound Walking And Choreography
Try and ignore the distractions
Sound Walkers Diet
A lot of pressure has been put on sound walkers in recent years to slim down. High frequency sound waves are better represented on stage through thinner sound walkers.
Many of the sound walkers of the past were very large people who would trade their shiny beads in for greasy breakfasts in the theatre's cafeteria.
The 1956 "Sound walker Special" at the Lincoln Center
This new "Thinner Sound walker" movement has created a lot of controversy. "How thin is too thin" and "Respect the large walker" and "Give me back my fucking bacon" have been the cries heard from the N.A.S.W.A. in recent years.
Not only has the health of the sound walker come into question, but this new "Walk the thin line" call from producers has cost many sound walkers their sponsorships. "No more beads for you thin bastards" is the reply from long time sponsors McDonalds, Burger King, and Uncle Deans Deep Fried Pork Skins.
Eating to be thin has cost many a sound walker their sponsorships.
The next chapter will deal with instructions for certification through a correspondence course, including all forms necessary to complete your sound walker accreditation.
For more information on Sound Walking visit your local library or call the Apogee Sound Walking Institute at 1-800-Loudwalk.
Sound Walker Student During Examination at the
Apogee Sound Walking Institute in south-western Greenland
PDF Download SoundwalkingChapter3


text:
A timber tunnel shaped like a snake - with a bulge to suggest an ingested mouse - provides perfect conditions for growing lilies on a farm in the Western Cape of South Africa.
The snake-like Puff Adder structure at Babylonstoren Farm, designed by French architect Patrice Taravella and engineer Terry de Waal, is made from balau wood strips on steel frames and winds along a stream surrounded by olive and eucalyptus trees.
The slats reduce direct sunlight while allowing air to circulate, creating an ideal environment for native South African clivia lilies, which flower in spring.
The tunnel features a bulge nicknamed 'the mouse', a visual pun suggesting what the snake might have eaten for lunch.
Photographs are by Alain Proust.
Here's some more information from the designers:
A shaded walk was recently created on Babylonstoren farm for a collection of clivias. These famous indigenous lilies of South Africa flower during Spring which starts in September. The walk meanders next to a stream emanating in the Simonsberg and slithers through wild olives and eucalyptus trees.
The structure of balau slats on steel frames eliminates about 40% of sunlight but allows a free flow of air: ideal for clivias. The bulge in the structure is known as "the mouse", as it resembles a rodent in the belly of a snake. The structure was designed by Patrice Taravella and engineered by Terry de Waal.
Babylonstoren garden is situated in the Cape Winelands and is open to the public. The clivia collection edges a huge formal vegetable and fruit garden which supplies the farm hotel and Babel restaurant with fresh produce daily.


text:
The seven numeric manipulation functions allow the programmer to access important model values related to a given specific value of that kind. The given value is the value of the (first) argument, which may be any expression that has a (defined) value of that kind. (Three of these seven functions also have a second argument.) These seven useful values and the related numeric manipulation intrinsic functions are shown in Table 3:
Table 3: Numerical Manipulation Functions.
An (idealized) example will illustrate the use of these functions for writing robust portable code. In this example Newton's method is used to find the root to maximum accuracy (for the real kind being used) of a function F, in the minimum number of iterations. This example assumes the function F and its derivative function DF are available, and that the value X is already established in a region in which Newton's method will converge to the root.
... do DX = F(X)/DF(X)! Compute the next delta-X. X = X-DX if (DX<2*spacing(X)) exit! Stop if near the spacing end do! limits of that kind...! in this region.


text:
IWD Based Feature Selection Algorithm for Sentiment Analysis
Keywords:Feature selection, Machine learning, Natural language processing, Text mining, Sentiment analysis.
Feature selection methods aim to improve the classification performance by eliminating non-valuable features. In this paper, our aim is to apply a recent optimization technique namely the Intelligent Water Drops (IWD) algorithm to select best features for sentiment analysis. We investigate the classification performances of our proposed IWD based feature selection method by comparing one of the well-known feature selection method using Maximum Entropy classifier. Experimental results show that Intelligent Water Drops based feature selection method outperforms than ReliefF method for sentiment analysis.
How to Cite
The copyright for the paper in this journal is retained by the author(s) with the first publication right granted to the journal. The authors agree to the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) agreement under which the paper in the Journal is licensed.
By virtue of their appearance in this open access journal, papers are free to use with proper attribution in educational and other non-commercial settings with an acknowledgement of the initial publication in the journal.


text:
A Developing UK Market
Jul 11 2013
Following the success of the recent ADBA Exhibition and specific enquiries from customers, Bronkhorst (UK) have added resource to meet both current and future application needs.
One such future need is the requirement to measure the composition and quality of natural gas within national grids as these are likely to vary enormously as a result of blending sources from different countries, the addition of biogas and the periodical variations of both these gas types. At the same time, the actual introduction of biogas into national grids is being hindered by the absence of a cost-effective, reliable but miniature device for measurement of the energy content of fuel gases.
Bronkhorst have taken the first steps in developing such an "on-chip" fuel gas energy content measurement system. It incorporates an integrated micro Wobbe index meter, consisting of 2 gas inlets, a mixer, a combustion chamber, heaters, temperature sensors and an exhaust outlet, together with an ultra-sensitive micro Coriolis mass flow meter, suitable for accurate mass flow and density measurement of the gases. Current applications are also being fulfilled with the introduction of an advanced, fully digital, insertion Thermal Mass Flow Meter. Featuring extremely low power consumption, exceptional low-end sensitivity (1000:1 turn-down) and an advanced in-situ calibration check the instrument range is ideally suited to the Biogas Market.
In This Edition Water/Wastewater - Continuous remote water quality monitoring networks Environmental Laboratory - The Important Role of ICP-MS in Understanding the Toxicological Link Be...
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text:
A Quote by James Keller on cities, confidence, courage, depression, gloom, and individuality
An old Arabian fable tells of a prince imprisoned in a castle which had thirteen windows. Twelve of these windows overlooked lovely scenes, while the thirteenth looked down on the black ash heaps of the city. Ignoring the twelve windows, the prince always looked out through the thirteenth. It is so often true that whether a person carries with him an atmosphere of gloom and depression or one of confidence and courage depends on his individual outlook.
Source: Three Minutes by James Keller, M. M., 1950
Contributed by: Zaady


text:
Most of the time, simply power cycling the TV solves the issue.
But if not working in your case, follow the bellow step-by-step guidelines.
How to Fix TCL Roku TV Stuck On Red Screen?
Step 1: Check the HDMI cable connections
While the HDMI connection itself is not directly responsible for this issue, a faulty or malfunctioning HDMI connection can create an indirect clash with the TV's firmware, resulting in difficulties loading the startup screen properly and getting stuck on a red screen.
That's why it's a good idea to check the HDMI connection.
Make sure that the HDMI cable is plugged into the right port and firmly connected to both the TV and the device.
Also, ensure that the HDMI cable is not bent or damaged.
Step 2: Perform an HDMI reset
For this, you need to take the help of "Power Cycling".
I know this is something no one wants to hear, but it really works!
- Completely disconnect the TV from the power outlet.
- Also, disconnect all HDMI devices connected to the TV.
- Wait for 5 minutes (Don't compromise).
- During this time, press and hold the TV's power button for about 30 seconds.
- Power the TV back on.
Once the TV has booted up, check if it's working properly now.
If not, proceed to the next step.
Step 3: Clean the inside components
Over time, dust and dirt accumulate inside the TV, especially around the parts that cool it down and the internal circuits.
When you turn on the TV or when it loads all the necessary software files before starting, all the different parts have to work harder than usual.
And when that happens, some of the capacitors that are responsible for starting up may work slowly or stop working completely.
The solution is pretty simple!
Use a screwdriver to open the back panel of the TV, and then gently clean all the components with a very soft brush. Be careful not to damage any capacitors or cut any wires.
Tip: Sometimes, this problem can also occur if any of the capacitors in the TV are damaged or burned out. When you open the TV to clean it, take a close look to see if you notice any bursts or burned-out capacitors. If you find one, it's likely the main cause of the problem, and you'll need to replace it.
Step 4: Factory Reset your TV
Resetting is a compelling method to restore a TV's firmware file to the default state and remove any type of malware or virus.
However, if power cycling doesn't fix the issue, reset your TV.
Hopefully, this will fix your problem by removing the TV's infected firmware file.
Remember: resetting will erase everything, including your data and settings.
- Remove all the cables, excluding the power cord.
- Then turn on your TV.
- Afterward, check your TV's lower part or back for the reset button.
- Once you locate it, take a ball pen and press and hold the reset button for at least 12 seconds.
The TV will turn off and then on automatically.
Once the startup screen comes up, release the reset button. Now check if the problem has been fixed or not.
Step 5: Update your TV software
As I mentioned earlier, the most common reason for a TCL Roku TV to be stuck on the startup screen is because the firmware is corrupted.
If resetting doesn't solve the issue, upgrading or downgrading the TV's firmware via a USB flash drive may help.
To update your TCL TV using a USB flash drive:
- First, download the latest firmware version from the TCL website. (Be sure to choose the correct model number for your TV)
- Right-click the downloaded firmware file, then select "Send To," "Extract" (or "Zip"), and the extraction program loads onto the screen.
- Connect a USB drive to your computer and copy the downloaded firmware file to the drive.
- Click "Start," "(My) Computer," then right-click the removable device icon and select "Eject." (Disconnect the USB flash drive from the USB port on the computer once the icon disappears.)
- power down the TCL Roku LCD TV, plug the USB flash drive into the USB port on the TV and then power the TV on.
Once you insert a USB flash drive into the TV, it will automatically recognize the device and start uploading the data onto the TV.
When the upload process is done, the TV will display a notification on the screen, reminding you to remove the USB flash drive.
Q: Is there a way to prevent the TCL TV from getting stuck on the startup screen?
Yes, regularly updating the software, ensuring proper ventilation for the TV, and avoiding overloading the TV with too many apps can help prevent your TV from getting stuck on the red screen.
Q: Does the red screen issue affect the performance of other connected devices?
No, the red screen issue on the TCL Roku TV should not affect the performance of other connected devices, but it is always a good idea to disconnect them before troubleshooting the TV.
Q: Can a faulty HDMI cable cause my TV to get stuck?
Yes, a faulty HDMI cable can cause issues with your TCL Roku TV, including getting stuck on the red screen.
Try using a different HDMI cable or disconnecting all cables from your TV and see if the red screen issue persists.
Q: How long does it take for a TCL Roku TV to boot up?
Typically, it should take less than a minute for your TCL Roku TV to boot up and display the home screen.
However, if it gets stuck on the red screen, it may take longer or not boot up at all.
Abdul Kader, a handy guy and experienced founder of a TV repair shop in Gulshan, Dhaka, Bangladesh. He is mainly an expert in understanding and repairing different types of issues with Smart TVs and providing helpful insights on how to keep them in good working order. Read his Full Story.


text:
This is a two-player race game. Each player gets 6 coins of same colour and keeps it in his home outside the game board as shown in Fig 3. This is the initial position of the coins and every time they are cut, they return to their respective homes.
Goal: To bear off all six coins, first.
Throw of six cowrie shells:
- One mouth up (Fig.2)- introduce one coin on starting square or move one square & play again
- Two mouths upmove two squares
- Three mouths upmove three squares
- Four mouths upmove four squares
- Five mouths upintroduce one coin on starting square or move five squares & play again
- Six mouths upmove six squares & play again
- No mouths up - move twelve squares & play again
How to play:
- The board is always kept in the centre during the game.
- Each player keeps his coins in his home as shown in Fig.1. The first square on the tail end near his home is his starting square ('a' is the starting square of player-1 and 'b' is that of player-2).
- Players alternately throw all six cowrie shells on the floor and move a coin as indicated by the throw of shells.
- The movement of the coins is different (shown by different arrows) for both players and is given as follows.
- Player 1: a-c-d-e-f-g-h-i-j-k-l-n-q-r and off. (Blue arrow in Fig.4)
- Player 2: b-c-d-k-j-i-h-g-f-e-m-n-o-p and off. (Red arrow in Fig.5)
- If a player's coin lands on a square occupied by opponent's coin, then the opponent's coin is cut and the player gets an extra turn to play.
- The cut coin returns to its home and has to be reintroduced on the starting square and go round all over again.
- The darker squares (rest squares) though, are safe places and no coins present here can be cut.
- Player-1 bears off his coin from 'r' while Player-2 bears off his coins from 'p.'
- The first player to bear off all his coins wins the game.
- Whenever a 'one,' a 'five,' a 'six' or a 'twelve' is got during a throw of cowrie shells, the player gets to play another turn.
- When a player cuts opponent's coin, he gets an extra turn to play.
- During an extra turn, either the same coin or some other coin can be played.
Points to remember:
- Both players' coins move in the same direction at two places - from 'c' to 'd' and then from above 'd' to 'n'.
- A player should cut his opponent in order to move his coins into the inner stem of squares (i.e.,'m' or 'l' to 'n'). Otherwise he has to move another coin or forfeit his turn until he cuts atleast one of the opponent coin.
- If a player has cut once, all the coins can move into the inner stem, not necessary for every coin to cut opponent.
- No limit for a player to cut opponents' coins.
- Each coin has to be first introduced (or reintroduced if it has been cut) on its starting square (on the throw of either a 'one' or a 'five') before it starts moving.
Some play this game using two stick dice instead of cowrie shells. Four sides of each stick dice contains 1, 2, 3 and 'null' dots. Both dice are rolled together on the gound and coins are moved according to the number of dots present on the top face of the dice when they come to rest.


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Container for model's signal data logs
 Note: The ModelDataLogs format is supported for backwards compatibility. The ModelDataLogs format will be removed in a future release. For an existing model that uses the ModelDataLogs format, you should migrate the model to use Dataset format. For details, see Migrate from ModelDataLogs to Dataset Format.
 For new models, use the Dataset logging format, which stores logged data in Simulink.SimulationData.Dataset objects.
If you set Configuration Parameters > Data Import/Export > Signal logging format to ModelDataLogs, Simulink® software creates instances of the Simulink.ModelDataLogs class to contain signal logs that it creates while simulating a model (see Signal Logging). In particular, Simulink software creates an instance of this class for a top model and for each model referenced by the top model that contains signals to be logged. Simulink software assigns the ModelDataLogs object for the top model to a variable in the MATLAB® workspace. The name of the variable is the name specified in the Signal logging name field on the Data Import/export pane of the model's Configuration Parameters dialog box. The default value is logsout.
A ModelDataLogs object has a variable number of properties. The first property, named Name, specifies the name of the model whose signal data the object contains or, if the model is a referenced model, the name of the Model block that references the model. The remaining properties reference objects that contain signal data logged during simulation of the model. The objects may be instances of any of the following types of objects:
The names of the properties identify the data being logged as follows:
 - For signal data logs, the name of the signal
 - For a subsystem or model log container, the name of the subsystem or model, respectively
 - For a scope viewer data log, the name specified on the viewer's parameter dialog box
 Note If a name contains spaces, the ModelDataLogs objects specifies its name as ('name') where name is the actual name, e.g., ('Brake Subsystem'). See Handling Spaces and Newlines in Logged Names for more information.
Consider, for example, the following model.
As indicated by the testpoint icons, this model specifies that Simulink software should log the signals named step and scope in the model's root system and the signal named clk in the subsystem named Delayed Out. After simulation of this model, the MATLAB workspace contains the following variable:
>> logsout
logsout =
Simulink.ModelDataLogs (siglgex):
 Name elements Simulink Class
 scope 2 TsArray
 step 1 Timeseries
 ('Delayed Out') 2 SubsysDataLogs
The logsout variable contains the signal data logged during the simulation. You can use fully qualified object names or the Simulink unpack command to access the signal data stored in logsout. For example, to access the amplitudes of the clk signal in the Delayed Out subsystem, enter
>> data = logsout.('Delayed Out').clk.Data;
>> logsout.unpack('all');
>> data = clk.Data;
You can use a custom logging name or signal name when logging a signal. If you use the signal name, and that name occupies more than one line, include an sprintf('\n') between the lines of the signal name when accessing the logged data. For example, to access the signal in the following model:
Use the following syntax:
logsout.(['scope' sprintf('\n') '(delayed out)'])
See Handling Spaces and Newlines in Logged Names for more information.
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Definition:Field of Integers Modulo Prime
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Definition
Let $p \in \Bbb P$ be a prime number.
Let $\Z_p$ be the set of integers modulo $p$.
Let $+_p$ and $\times_p$ denote addition modulo $p$ and multiplication modulo $p$ respectively.
The algebraic structure $\struct {\Z_p, +_p, \times_p}$ is the field of integers modulo $p$.
Also denoted as
When the operations are understood to be $+_p$ and $\times_p$, it is usual to use just $\Z_p$ to denote the field of integers modulo $p$.
The notation $\Z / p$ and $\Z / p \Z$ are also seen, deriving from Quotient Ring of Integers by Integer Multiples.
Some sources use the notation $\map {\operatorname {GF} } p$, in light of the fact that $\struct {\Z_p, +_p, \times_p}$ is a Galois field.
Also see
$\struct {\Z_p, +_p, \times_p}$ is a field with unity $\eqclass 1 p$
the zero of $\struct {\Z_p, +_p, \times_p}$ is $\eqclass 0 p$.
Sources


text:
A chemist for a pharmaceutical company wants to determine the median reaction time for a newly developed antacid.
- Open the sample data, AntacidReactionTime.MTW.
- Open the bootstrapping for 1-sample function dialog box.
- In Sample, enter Time.
- On the Options tab, enter 1 in Base for random number generator.
Using Base for random number generator ensures that your results match the example.
- Click OK.
Interpret the results
The 95% CI indicates that the chemist can be 95% confident that the value of the median reaction time for the population is between approximately 8.8 minutes and 14.8 minutes. However, the histogram shows that the bars are very sparse, making it hard to see the sampling distribution. Because the sampling distribution isn't clear, the confidence interval may be unreliable. The original sample has only 16 data points. To get a reliable confidence interval, the chemist should collect a larger sample and perform the analysis again.
|Bootstrap Samples for Median|


Civil rights proponents picture 17 year old Trayvon Martin as an angelical 12 year old.17 year old football playing Trayvon-Martin! Angelic innocent 12 year old boy? child. The mainstream press shows nothing but 4 year old photos of little Trayvon. Are there no recent photos?
Trayvon's potentially lawless attitudes
are rarely mentioned.
 1. Why did the Martin family, and the entire world press, show only 4 year old Trayvon childhood photos?
 1. Maybe because, without exception, all the more recent photos are of the thuggish gang style rapper kind?
 2. Recent photos all were Trayvon with gold teeth, gang signals, typical for a self declared "NO LIMIT NIGGA" on Twitter?
 2. Was Trayvon an adept of thuggish violent rap Black Culture?
 1. with all its propensity for violence
 2. and the entitlement feeling that he is allowed to attack, punch, and punish a white man if he dares to racially profile, be suspicious of him, or follow him?
 3. Did Trayvon get suspended for punching a bus driver?
 1. did Trayvon have multiple suspensions in school, for graffiti, drugs, violence?
 2. Was Trayvon Martin really on a 10 day suspension?
 3. Would anyone but an inveterate serious repeat offender get a 10 day suspension?
 4. Was Trayvon a burglar?
 1. If Trayvon burglarized jewelry, the easiest place to steal would be the gated community of his father's girl friend and of George Zimmermann. There Trayvon could roam without appearing suspicious (except to paranoid George Zimmermann)
 2. When followed by George Zimmermann, did Trayvon avoid to go to his nearby home, afraid of being identified?
 3. Or did Trayvon Martin run because he had burglary tools, burglary loot, or drugs?
 4. Was the time between the seven-eleven surveillance video and George (Zimmermann)'s 911 call compatible with Trayvon Martin going straight home. Or was there time for having done mischief on the way?
 5. Did Martin go home, leave whatever incriminating evidence of burglary tools or drugs there; and then go back to confront Zimmermann?
 6. Or where else was Martin for the few minutes George was on the phone?
 7. Obviously Martin backtracked or went in circles. If you study the map, and the time line, this is obvious.
 8. Why would someone (Trayvon Martin) backtrack? Instead of going straight to one's nearby home, if one is really scared of a bad man (George) following?
 9. Was Trayvon Martin afraid of identifying himself to George Zimmermann, afraid Zimmermann would make the connection between his suspicious behavior and recent burglaries?
 10. Did Trayvon know who Zimmermann was and therefore was afraid of being discovered?
 11. Of course, Trayvon could have fled and hidden. Then returned an hour later. But that would be inconvenient in the dark and with the rain.
 12. Why is it ok to suspect a decent, law abiding neighborhood watch man of being a criminal, senselessly hunting down and shooting an innocent 17 year old 6′ 1" "child". For no reason, and with no apparent motive. But it is a sacrilege to suspect a black kid, on long term school suspension, to be a potential criminal? That would be racial profiling.
 1. Did the jewelry, allegedly confiscated from Trayvon Martin at school, stem from one or several of the frequent burglaries at George Zimmermann's gated community.
 1. That would be the perfect closure of the Trayvon Martin court case. It would explain Trayvon behaving in suspicious ways, well, like a burglar checking out houses.
 2. It would explain Trayvon Martin getting concerned, angry, and violent when followed.
 3. It would explain why Trayvon Martin did not want to go home, to be identified.
 4. I very much hope that George's lawyer will request an analysis of the jewelry (allegedly) confiscated from Martin.
 5. Of course, Trayvon Martin's girl friend would not volunteer such information, unless, maybe, under oath.
 2. We will have a chance to find out because
 1. George Zimmermann's defense wins right to Trayvon Martin's school records and social network data
 2. This is relevant to ascertain if Trayvon Martin is the type of person who would throw the first punch.
 3. It might be an attempt by the judge to cover his _USER_ when he inevitably has to acquit George. Only with overwhelming evidence, with acquittal for proven innocence can riots be avoided.
 We might be wrong
 The true 17 year old Trayvon MartinYes, our theory is a bit far fetched and more likely untrue then true.
 We try to be a provocative, thought provoking Devil's Advocate.
 Probably our theory is partially true.
 It is more likely and makes more sense then the theory of a neighborhood watch man being a senseless killer of innocent kids.
 We very much hope the New Black Panther Party will not put out a bounty on our head, dead or alive.
 It is scary and dangerous to be in favor of George Zimmermann, even for judges, witnesses or jurors.
 Alternative theories: If George Zimmermann is guilty of 2nd degree (non-premeditated) murder
 All the civil rights activist carefully avoid to give an alternative theory. How could the "murder" have happened, consistent with all evidence?
 1. Zimmermann sees a Black person and due to racial profiling suspects the innocent child is a criminal
 2. He calls police (strange, if you soon will murder someone)
 3. George follows innocent little Trayvon,
 4. George Zimmermann disobeys the suggestion (not order) of the dispatcher ("we don't need you to follow") and continues following Trayvon.
 5. Trayvon avoids going to the safety of his home
 6. Minutes later Zimmermann tracks down Martin exactly where Zimmermann started out a few minutes earlier.
 7. Trayvon Martin was going in circles when followed.
 8. Angrily George Zimmermann confronts Trayvon Martin
 9. Zimmermann screams for help, to create diversion (risking to have witnesses of his future killing)
 10. Or Trayvon screams for help, afraid of the gun, but is so scared he does not run away nor counter-attack
 11. Zimmermann shoots him point blank. (it has been determined that the shot came from close by). If you have a gun, you would be safer shooting from a distance, but Zimmermann planned his murderous act to look like self defense.
 12. Immediately, George Zimmermann threw himself on the ground, rubs his back on the wet grass, bangs the back of his head onto concrete slabs and punches himself in the eyes and breaks his own nose. He does so carefully, not to injure his own hands.
 13. Zimmermann convinces a neighbor to declare to police that he saw Trayvon on top of Zimmermann, punching him
 14. Thus Zimmermann has a witness that he committed normal self defense. No need to insist on stand your ground law if you are pinned to the ground getting slammed against concrete.
 To be fair, there is an alternate possibility. Zimmermann was beaten up, with Trayvon Martin mounted on Zimmermann. Somehow Zimmermann managed to escape, Once no more on top, Trayvon suddenly became peaceful. Zimmermann shot him point blank, as a racist revenge.
 Had Trayvon continued to attack when standing, Zimmermann could have invoked "stand your ground" (except, of course, that he had started the altercation).
 The alternative theory is pretty unlikely. Zimmermann could re-enact this travesty, without being caught at any inconsistency?
 Here is a video that makes a real effort to explain how a murder could have happened and tries to consider all facts (but very speculative)
 I give them credit for trying hard. In their theory, Trayvon ought to have a wet back with grass marks. I don't think that was the case. It also does not explain Zimmermann's wet back. Furthermore, Zimmermann has to be very whacko to call police before hunting down and shooting a guy.
 We will post more alternative theories in the next days.


text:
Public Health Sudbury & Districts advises of two potential low-risk public exposures to COVID-19Issued: Wednesday, August 25, 2021
Public Health Sudbury & Districts is advising the public of two low-risk potential exposures to COVID-19.
Potential exposure 1
Public Health is advising GOVA passengers travelling on bus Route 1 Main Line on August 21, 2021, between 8:45 and 9:30 a.m. of a potential low-risk exposure to COVID-19. During this timeframe, the bus travelled along Notre Dame Avenue as well as Lasalle Boulevard.
Potential exposure 2
Public Health is advising anyone who attended Rhythm 'n Cues (1855 Lasalle Boulevard) in Greater Sudbury on August 20, 2021, between 8 and 11 p.m. of a potential low-risk exposure to COVID-19.
Actions to take:
Any individual who was present on the date and time listed in the potential exposures above is advised to follow public health guidance:
- Self-monitor for signs and symptoms of COVID-19 for 14 days from potential exposure.
- Self-isolate immediately if symptoms.
- Seek testing if symptoms occur.
- Visit ca/COVID-19 to learn more about self-monitoring, self-isolation, symptoms, and testing.
If needed, COVID-19 testing appointments can be arranged through the Health Sciences North Assessment Centre: the preferred option is to request an appointment online (Health Sciences North, _URL_ or call _PHONE_ during regular business hours.
Public Health Sudbury & Districts is reminding everyone to follow public health measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 including the more transmissible variants of concern. The safest options are to limit close contact to your own household members, stay home and do not attend work or school when ill, avoid non-essential travel, and remember to practise physical distancing, wear your mask, and wash your hands. For all outings, continue to screen yourself for symptoms and practise COVID-safe behaviours.
For more information or if you have questions, please visit _URL_ or call Public Health Sudbury & Districts at _PHONE_ (toll-free _PHONE_).


text:
This paper presents a Strut-and-Tie Model for reinforced concrete (RC) columns subject to lateral loading. The proposed model is based on the loading path for the post-yield state, and the geometries of struts and tie are determined by the stress field of post-yield state. The analysis procedure
of the Strut-and-Tie Model is that 1) the shear force and displacement at the initial yield state are calculated and 2) the relationship between the additional shear force and the deformation is determined by modifying the geometry of the longitudinal strut until the ultimate limit state. To validate the developed model, the ultimate strength and associated deformation obtained by experimental results are compared with the values predicted by the model. Good agreements between the proposed model and the experimental data are observed.
Sung-Gul Hong, Seongwon Hong and Thomas H.K. Kang: 1Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Seoul National University,1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
Soo-Gon Lee: Samsung C&T, 14 Seocho-daero 74-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06620, Korea
Generally, thermal stress induced by hydration heat causes cracking in mass concrete structures, requiring a thorough control during the construction. The prediction of the thermal stress is currently undertaken by means of numerical analysis despite its lack of reliability due to the properties
of concrete varying over time. In this paper, a method for the prediction of thermal stress in concrete structures by adjusting thermal stress measured by a thermal stress device according to the degree of restraint is proposed to improve the prediction accuracy. The ratio of stress in concrete structures to stress under complete restraint is used as the degree of restraint. To consider the history of the degree of restraint, incremental stress is predicted by comparing the degree of restraint and the incremental stress obtained by the thermal stress device. Furthermore, the thermal stresses of wall and foundation predicted by the proposed method are compared to those obtained by numerical analysis. The thermal stresses obtained by the proposed method are similar to those obtained by the analysis for structures with internally as well as externally strong restraint. It is therefore concluded that the prediction of thermal stress for concrete structures with various boundary conditions using the proposed method is
suggested to be accurate.
mass concrete; thermal stress; hydration heat; thermal stress device; degree of restraint
Sang Lyul Cha, Gyeong Hee An and Jin Keun Kim: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology,291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
Yun Lee: Department of Civil Engineering, Daejeon University,
96-3 Yongun-dong, Dong-gu, Daejeon 300-716, Republic of Korea
Chloride penetration is considered as a most crucial factor for the determination of the service life of concrete. A lot of experimental tools for the chloride penetration into concrete have been developed, however, the mechanism was based on only diffusion, although permeability is also main driving forces for the chloride penetration. Permeation reacts on submerged concrete impacting for short to long term durability while capillary suction occurs on only dried concrete for very early time. Furthermore, hydrostatic pressure increases in proportional to measured depth from the surface of water because of the increasing weight of water exerting downward force from above. It is thought, therefore, that the water pressure has a great influence on the chloride penetration and thereby on the service life of marine concrete.In this study,
new experiment is designed to examine the effect of water pressure on chloride penetration in concrete quantitatively. As an experiment result, pressure leaded a quick chlorides penetration by a certain depth, while diffusion induced chlorides to penetrate inward slowly. Therefore, it was concluded that chloride should penetrates significantly by water pressure and the phenomena should be accelerated for concrete exposed to deep sea. The research is expected as a framework to define the service life of submerged
concrete with water pressure and compute water permeability coefficient of cementitious materials.
chloride penetration; permeation; water pressure; service life; chloride profile
In-Seok Yoon: Department of Construction Information Engineering, Induk University, Choansanro12, Nowon-gu,Seoul 01880, Republic of Korea
Jin-Won Nam: Baytech Korea Inc., 8F, 464 Dunchon-Daero, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13229, Republic of Korea
The outer tank of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage tank is a longitudinally and meridianally pre-stressed concrete (PSC) wall structure. Because of the current trend of constructing
larger LNG storage tanks, the pre-stressing forces required to increase wall strength must be significantly increased. Because of the increase in tank sizes and pre-stressing forces, an extreme loading scenario such as a bomb blast or an airplane crash needs to be investigated. Therefore, in this
study, the blast resistance performance of LNG storage tanks was analyzed by conducting a blast
simulation to investigate the safety of larger LNG storage tanks. Test data validation for a blast simulation of reinforced concrete panels was performed using a specific FEM code, LS-DYNA, prior to a full-scale blast simulation of the outer tank of a 270,000-kL LNG storage tank. Another objective
of this study was to evaluate the safety and serviceability of an LNG storage tank with respect to varying amounts of explosive charge. The results of this study can be used as basic data for the design and safety evaluation of PSC LNG storage tanks.
High performance materials such as Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) are often used for retrofitting structures against blast loads due to its ductility and strength. The effectiveness of retrofit materials needs to be precisely evaluated for the retrofitting design based on the dynamic material responses under blast loads. In this study, the blast resistance of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) and Kevlar/Glass hybrid fabric (K/G) retrofitted reinforced concrete (RC) wall is analyzed by using the explicit analysis code LS-DYNA,
which accommodates the high-strain rate dependent material models. Also, the retrofit effectiveness of FRP
fabrics is evaluated by comparing the analysis results for non-retrofitted and retrofitted walls. The verification of the analysis is performed through comparisons with the previous experimental results.
Jin-Won Nam: Baytech Korea Inc., 8F, 464 Dunchon-Daero, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13229, Korea
In-Seok Yoon:Department of Construction Information Engineering, Induk University, 12 Choansan-ro, Nowon-gu,Seoul, 01880, Korea
Seong-Tae Yi: Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Inha College, 100 Inha-Ro, Nam-Gu,Incheon, 22212, Korea
An analytical study was conducted to investigate the effect of the shape and spacing of modified inclined studs used as shear connector between concrete and steel plate on the cyclic behavior of steel plate concrete (SC) shear wall. 9 different analysis cases were adopted to determine the optimized shape and spacing of stud. As the results, the skeleton curves were obtained from the load-displacement hysteresis curves, and the ultimate and yielding strengths were increased as the spacing of studs decrease. In addition,the strength of inclined studs is shown to be bigger compared to that of conventional studs. The damping ratios increased as the decrease of stiffness ratio. Finally, with decreasing the spacing distance of studs, the cumulative dissipated energy was increased and the seismic performance was improved.
Jin-Sun Lim: Department of Civil Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
Young-Do Jeong: R&D Center, POSCO E&C, Incheon 22009, Korea
Jin-Won Nam: Baytech Korea Inc., 8F, 464 Dunchon-Daero, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13229, Korea
Chun-Ho Kim: Department of Civil Engineering, Joongbu University, Gyeonggi 10279, Korea
Seong-Tae Yi: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Inha Technical College, Incheon 22212, Korea
Depending on the researcher, the effect of prestressing on the natural frequency of a PSC (prestressed concrete) structure appear to have been interpreted differently. Most laboratory tests on PSC beams available showed that the natural frequency is increased appreciably by prestressing. On the other hand, some other references based on field experience argued that the dynamic response of a PSC structure does not change regardless of the prestressing applied. Therefore, the deduced conclusions are inconsistent. Because an experiment with and without prestressing is a difficult task on a full size PSC bridge, the change in natural frequency of a PSC bridge due to prestressing may not be examined through field measurements. The study examined analytically the effects of prestressing on the natural frequency of PSC bridges. A finite element program for an undamped dynamic motion of a beamtendon system was developed with additional geometric stiffness. The analytical results confirm that a key parameter in changing the natural frequency due to prestressing is the relative ratio of prestressing
to the total weight of the structure rather than the prestressing itself.
prestressing; natural frequency; PSC bridge; laboratory test; geometric stiffness; total weight
Soobon


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Plants
The main influence to the formation of plants in region Broumov has the geological structure and evolution. The rare plants grow mainly in detritus woods and steep slopes and in reversible location of rock gulchs and meadows.
Peat-bog Jelení lázeň
The relative plenty of plants in Eagle mountains is the result of evolution in the era of Quaternary, when the region had been a connection between Giant mountains ana Carpathian areas. After the glacier receded there have behaved the glacial relicts, for example dwarfish birch.
The highest zone of natural species are mountain spruce woods. For the zone of beech woods is typical the combination of fir, sycamore, beech and elm. Todays woods have mainly the secondary character with majority of spruce.
The areas around the springs of rivers are the most proved original comunity of plants. The rests of original growths you can find in several nature preserve, for example Bukačk, Trčkov, Sedloňovský vrch, Pod Vrchmezím or Černý důl. Also the peat-bog Jelení lázeň gives the conditions for grow of rare plants.
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