Are Lawn Mower Blades Universal? A Simple Answer
People owning a lawn will put in their mind about cleaning their yard as much as they can. Of course, you will need a lawn mower, but do you think you have enough knowledge about a mower and its components?
For the mower to work, it needs to have blades to cut grass on your lawn. Having a lawn mower is a significant deal-breaker when it comes to making a big difference in your lawn's health. Owners would like to know if blades are universal, and you just went to the right article.
To know whether or not blades are universal, you better finish reading this article.
Are Lawn Mower Blades Universal?
The most straightforward answer is no. Manufacturers make lawn mower blades according to different specifications, which means each lawn mower model has its customized blade. As much as you want lawn mower blades to be universal, sadly, they are not made general to every lawn mower present in every home.
Even when mower blades are not universal, you can still replace your blade with another manufacturer's blade, so long as the blade matches the required width, thickness, and much more specific customization that your original blade has. Lawn mower blades are mower-specific, so if you think of replacing them with a new blade brand, ensure its perfect fit for your mower to keep you away from danger while in use.
Types and Uses of Lawn Mower Blades
Reel blades
The reel blades, also known as cylinder blades, comprise seven helical blades that create cutting action like scissors. These blades are used in reel or cylindrical mowers, and they require sharpening kits if ever blades become rusty or dull.
Reel blades move in the opposite direction of the bed knife, which gathers the grass and cuts them as it moves across the bed knife cutting edge.
Mulching blades
From the name itself, these blades mulch the grass on your lawn. The mulching blade has a more distinct design than the other blades since it does more work than the others. This blade is known as an all-purpose blade because it features a curved or bent surface that allows the mower to work in three different ways: either lift, mow or mulch the grass, which operates the way people want it to work.
The middle part of the mulching blade has a weird cut, but this cut allows your mower to deliver fine cut and nutrient-rich clippings back to the surface of your lawn to feed the soil healthily.
Deck blades
Deck blades are also known as the standard blades, and these blades probably get the most uses when it comes to lawn mowing.
These blades are referred to as straight blades because they do not cause strain on the engine during use. The front cutting blade remains flat in view, and the back portion has a slight bend or curve that contributes to the suck and cut action of the mower.
Lifting blades
Lifting blades have a slightly curved surface creating a vertical upward airflow, which contributes to lifting the grass, allowing you to cut them depending on which type of lifting blade you want.
These blades render a more neat and polished result in cutting grasses than any other types of blades.
There are three different types of lifting blades: low-lift, medium-lift, and high-lift blades.
Low-lift blades
A lifting blade with just enough power in providing lift to cut your grass is the low-lift blade. These blades have just the right amount of cutting ability, but these do not suit thick grass on your lawn. They won't do as much the job of trimming or cutting thick grass, but they won't kick up as much dust. This blade is a low-powered lifting blade that can be your friend if you only want a mild movement on cutting your grass.
Medium-lift blades
The medium-lift blades are medium-powered blades that provide the right suction amount compared to the low-lift blades. These are much less mild than the low-lift blades, which means you can have this lifting blade if you want a bit more power when cutting the grass.
The medium-lift blades use less horsepower than the higher ones, and they can help you cut thick grass on your lawn.
High-lift blades
The high-lift blades provide the highest power of suction compared to the other lifting blades. These blades offer more climactic upturn when providing suction before cutting the grass, and it produces much more lift. These blades can be your best help if you deal with thick grass as this makes the job a lot easier and timesaving.
This blade is the best for tall grass and is fitting for bagging up clippings.
Pros and Cons of Each Type of Blade
Now that you have known the different types of blades, it is now time to see every blade's strengths and weaknesses regarding lawn mowing.
Reel blades
 - Reel blades are used in both cylindrical and reel mowers.
 - It is composed of seven screw-like blades that provide a scissor-like cutting action while dealing with grass.
 - The motion these blades exert does not damage any part of the soil and can help improve soil state after use.
 - The blades last you long without even becoming dull or rusty, which can help you spend lesser time maintaining the sharpness of the blade.
 - Although the blades last longer in sharpness and work, users cannot replace reel blades from the mower.
 - If the reel blades are already broken and cannot be better even after using a sharpening kit, it requires replacing the entire lawn mower.
Mulching blades
 - These mulching blades can recycle clippings around the deck, which gets the grass chopped even more.
 - Mulching blades can provide faster work cutting grass.
 - Since the middle part of the mulching blade has a different cut compared to other blades, it is made to send nutrient-rich clippings back to the lawn surface, feeding the soil with healthy benefits.
 - Mulching blades can still bag or side discharge and can perform a lot better in maintenance cuts.
 - Since blades are for mulching, it does not provide much lift, even compared to the standard or deck blades.
Deck blades
 - The deck blades cause lesser strain upon the engine because the blades possess an aerodynamic design for the most part.
 - They provide transcendent lift in one direction that does not give pressure on the soil.
 - If you plan to work for a more extended period on your lawn, the deck blades can give you that service since the engine does not absorb so much pressure while on the move.
 - Since it is a deck blade, it does not give much extra work from cutting your grass and remains with the straight blades while cutting.
Lifting blades
 - Lifting blades have three different types, and you can choose whether which blade to use for cutting grass, depending on the amount of power you want to deal with.
 - Low-lift blades are easier on fuel consumption.
 - Low-lift blades are far from dealing with wear and tear on your engine despite the number of uses.
 - Lifting blades can have high airflow, which prevents clogging, even when mowing wet grass.
 - These blades have good results with better cuts in dealing with different types of grasses.
 - To utilize high-lift blades needs a powerful engine to work at its maximum ability.
 - High fuel consumption is also an issue for high-lift blades since its amount is exhausting for the mower.
Final Words
Now that you know about mower blades not being a "universal" use, it is safe to say that you are now aware of what type your blades are and which blades fit for your mower. Each blade is made uniquely specified for the mowers, so never attempt to use blades of different sizes and specifications on your mower.
Yes, some blades have your desirable blade type, but you'd instead choose the most suitable blade for your mower over something you only want, personally. If you change your lawn mower blades with those that are still suited for their size and work, you will achieve the best results in keeping your lawn clean and grass healthy.
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Clarification of Turin Judgment
by Laurie Kazan-Allen
In the aftermath of the Turin verdict of February 13, 2012 condemning asbestos defendants Stephen Schmidheiny and Jean-Louis de Cartier de Marchienne for their part in the asbestos deaths of thousands of Italians (see: Landmark Victory for Italian Asbestos Victims), many questions are being asked about the details of the 128-page ruling.
Lawyer Sergio Bonetto, who represented some of the Italian asbestos victims in this case, provided clarification regarding several issues of immediate concern. When asked whether the defendants would have to pay the damages awarded by the criminal court immediately, Bonetto said: "Formally they must pay. [However,] if they do not pay it is not directly the responsibility of the penal tribunal." He went on to explain that the civil parties could ask the civil tribunal to intervene to obtain immediate execution of the orders, but that the tribunal would have no direct way to proceed if there were no property to be seized in Italy. In that case, the Italian civil court would have to make recourse to civil courts in Belgium and Switzerland. How this would turn out was, he reflected, "very uncertain."
Responding to a question about the effect of this verdict on further civil proceedings and the timescale of future cases, Bonetto said: "For an effect of the penal decision on civil procedures, the decision has to be definitive. That means at the end of the three levels including appeal court and cassation [Supreme Court]; that means several years." However, he went on to point out that the decision had been very clear about the hazards that existed; which made civil proceedings "formally possible," provided the plaintiffs could prove that their diseases resulted from those self-same hazards. The significance of the judgement in lawyer Bonetto's view was that the judges sent out a clear message: putting others in danger was always a criminal act, showing disrespect for the law. If the defendants didn't pay anything it was entirely possible that the appeal court could impose even higher penalties than the lower court.
In the meantime, mobilization of the asbestos victims in Casale Monferrato and other towns which were part of the historic court case continues with a roundtable and press conference in Casale on February 14 followed by a general assembly two days later attended by 500+ members of the Association of Asbestos Victims' Families (Associazione Famigliari Vittime Amianto). A general assembly held today in Cavagnolo, another town contaminated by Eternit's asbestos, will ensure that efforts to secure justice for the victims, decontaminate affected towns and undertake medical research of asbestos-related diseases will continue.
February 22, 2012
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(GL(n + 1, ℝ), GL(n, ℝ)) is a generalized Gelfand pair
Research paper by G. van Dijk
Indexed on: 07 Dec '08Published on: 07 Dec '08Published in: Russian Journal of Mathematical Physics
Denote by G = GL(n + 1, ℝ) the group of invertible (n + 1) × (n + 1) matrices with real entries, acting on ℝn+1 in the usual way, and let H1 = GL(n, ℝ) be the stabilizer of the first unit vector e0. Let H0 = GL(1, ℝ) and set H = H0 × H1. It is known that the pair (G,H) is a generalized Gelfand pair. Define a character χ of H by χ(h) = χ(h0h1) = χ0(h0) where χ0 is a unitary character of H0 (h0 ∈ H0, h1 ∈ H1). Let σ be the anti-involution on G given by σ(g) = tg. In this note, we show that any distribution T on G satisfying T(h1gh2) = χ(h1h2) T(g) (g ∈ G; h1, h2 ∈ H) is invariant under the anti-involution σ. This result implies that (G,H1) is a generalized Gelfand pair.


sensio-labs').
Pass this task a test file or directory and a lib file or directory as arguments and it will tell you the code coverage of your code: $ php symfony test:coverage test/unit/JobeetTest.. $t->is(Jobeet::slugify(' sensio'). '::slugify() replaces non-ASCII characters by a -').france'). new lime_output_color()).php'. It's very convenient as it forces you to describe what your are really testing. $t->is(Jobeet::slugify('sensio ').at the beginning of a string'). $t->comment('::slugify()'). 'sensio-labs'. '::slugify() replaces a white space by a -'). 'sensio'. 'paris-france'. it is easy to forget a portion of the code. '::slugify() converts all characters to lower case'). '::slugify() replaces several white spaces by a single -'). 'sensio'. 'sensio-labs'.at the end of a string'). $t->is(Jobeet::slugify('Sensio').php lib/Jobeet. You can see a pattern in the test strings: they are sentences describing how the method must behave and they always start with the method name to test. symfony provides the test:coverage task. 'sensio'.class. Code Coverage When you write tests. $t->is(Jobeet::slugify('sensio labs')./bootstrap/unit. Let's add some messages to the slugify test file: require_once dirname(__FILE__).'/.php . $t->is(Jobeet::slugify('sensio labs'). To help you check that all your code is well tested. $t = new lime_test(6. '::slugify() removes .All lime test methods take a string as their last argument that serves as the description for the test. '::slugify() removes . $t->is(Jobeet::slugify('paris. It can also serve as a form of documentation for a method's expected behavior. The test description string is also an valuable tool when trying to figure out what to test.
If you want to know which lines are not covered by your tests. then update the method. not that all the edge cases have been tested. you need to install it and enable it first. you will have a message that says you planned six tests and ran one extra. or the other way around.class. It is really a matter of taste but writing the test first gives you the confidence that your code actually implements what you planned: $t->is(Jobeet::slugify(''). You can test it. This development methodology.php Keep in mind that when the task indicates that your code is fully unit tested.class.php lib/Jobeet. it just means that each line has been executed. 'n-a'. If you launch the tests now. If not. but only if you have remembered to update the test plan. pass the --detailed option: $ php symfony test:coverage --detailed test/unit/JobeetTest. } } // . and you can enjoy the green bar. '::slugify() converts the empty string to n-a'). where you first write tests then implement features. As the test:coverage relies on ~XDebug~ to collect its information. as it you will keep you informed if the test script dies early on. Adding Tests for new Features The slug for an empty string is an empty string.. But an empty string in a URL is not that a great idea. The test must now pass as expected. you must have a red bar. If not. Now. You can write the test first. Let's change the slugify() method so that it returns the "n-a" string in case of an empty string. ..php static public function slugify($text) { if (empty($text)) { return 'n-a'. Having the planned test count up to date is important. it will work. edit the Jobeet class and add the following condition at the beginning: // lib/Jobeet. it means that the feature is already implemented or that your test does not test what it is supposed to test. is known as Test Driven Development (TDD).
position. you open the Jobeet class and fix the problem right away.. When a string only contains nonASCII characters.. You think about it for a while. the slugify() method converts it to an empty string. First. '::slugify() converts a string that only contains non-ASCII characters to n-a'). . and bingo. as do all the other ones. How is it possible? You look through the records in the database and the columns are definitely not empty.Adding Tests because of a Bug Let's say that time has passed and one of your users reports a weird bug: some job links point to a 404 error page. After some investigation.'). if (empty($text)) { return 'n-a'. let's add a test: $t->is(Jobeet::slugify(' . 'n-a'. After checking that the test does not pass. So happy to have found the cause. you find the cause. } The new test now passes. } return $text. edit the Jobeet class and move the empty string check to the end of the method: static public function slugify($text) { // . you find that for some reason. That's a bad idea. these jobs have an empty company. or location slug. The slugify() had a bug despite our 100% coverage.
and the one used by "iconv" to do the transliteration. it will do the job for us. $text). But when you discover one. It also means that your code will get better over time. Also change the test file to run the test only if "iconv" is available: if (function_exists('iconv')) . $text). called transliteration. That's a tough problem. '-'). Instead of replacing é by e. Remember to save all your PHP files with the UTF-8 _URL_-pratelskeho-url. The test must fail. ''. } } return $text. // transliterate if (function_exists('iconv')) { $text = iconv('utf-8'. $text). // trim $text = trim($text. // remove unwanted characters $text = preg_replace('~[^-\w]+~'. as this is the default symfony encoding. you need to write a test for it before fixing your code. the slugify() method has replaced it by a dash (-). Replace the code of the slugify method with the following: // code derived from _URL_ cannot think about all edge cases when writing tests. which is always a good thing. '::slugify() removes accents'). Towards a better slugify Method You probably know that symfony has been created by French people.vrana. Hopefully. } // lowercase $text = strtolower($text). if (empty($text)) { return 'n-a'. if you have "iconv| iconv Library" installed. '-'. so let's add a test with a French word that contains an "accent": $t->is(Jobeet::slugify('Développeur Web'). and that's fine. 'us-ascii//TRANSLIT'. 'developpeur-web'.php static public function slugify($text) { // replace non letter or digits by $text = preg_replace('~[^\\pL\d]+~u'.
dbname=jobeet_test" root mYsEcret The env option tells the task that the database configuration is only for the test environment. You already have the one you use for your development.yml. '::slugify() removes accents'). If you are curious.yml configuration file to see how symfony makes it easy to change the configuration depending on the environment. so the configuration was applied to all environments. By default. we saw that settings coming from configuration files can be defined at different levels. we introduced the environments as a way to vary an application's settings. This is true for most configuration files we have used until now: databases. In all those files. These settings can also be environment dependent. the all key indicating its settings are for all environments: # config/databases. and settings. } Propel Unit Tests Database Configuration Unit testing a Propel model class is a bit more complex as it requires a database connection. open the config/databases.


text:
Estimation of Wiener Diffusion Parameters Using Process Measurements Subject to Error
Most materials and components degrade physically before they fail. Engineering degradation tests are designed to measure these degradation processes. Measurements in the tests reflect the inherent randomness of degradation itself as well as measurement errors created by imperfect instruments, procedures and environments. This paper describes a statistical model for measured degradation data that takes both sources of variation into account. The paper presents inference procedures for the model and discusses some practical issues that must be considered in dealing with the statistical problem.
KeywordsDegradation Process Wiener Process Measurement Error Variance Profile Likelihood Function Inverse Gaussian Process
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
- Cox, D.R. and Miller, H.D. (1965), The Theory of Stochastic Processes,Chapman and Hall.Google Scholar
- Doksum, Kjell A. and Hóyland, Arnljot (1992), "Models for Variable-stress AcceleratedGoogle Scholar
- Life Testing Experiments Based on Wiener Processes and the Inverse Gaussian Distribution," Technomeirics,34(1), 74–82.Google Scholar
- Lu, Jin. (1994), "A Reliability Model Based on Degradation and Lifetime Data," Ph.D. thesis, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.Google Scholar

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


The Math Behind a Spinning Coin
Trevor English
The photo credit line may appear like this
Everyone loves spinning a coin on a table and watching it slowly stop rotating . . . no, just me? Well in the world of physics this is called Euler's disk, and it is often used to demonstrate the dynamics of a spinning disk on a flat surface. Many of you probably just want to watch the shiny disk spin, but there are some of us wondering what the ratio between the disk's rotation and diameter is. Whether you just want to watch a disk spin or you actually want to learn the math behind it, the video below has you covered.
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Mathematics define everything, and the physics behind Euler's disk isn't actually all that complicated. The radius of the disk being spun can be related through through some pretty simple formulas, and the rate of wobble can be correlated to the rate of spin.
Engineering isn't always about big complex problems, but rather knowing everyday problems can be solved with a little bit of math. Many of you will probably just go back to spinning your coins and enjoying their wobble as they slow down. But the rest of us will never be able to look at a spinning disk ever again without trying to calculate the rate of spin or rate of wobble in our heads. Engineering is both a curse and a blessing like that sometimes, you can never look at the world without wondering.
Eueler's disk spinning disk[Image Source: Wikimedia]
At the end of the video, the challenge is put out to do some further in depth study about the mathematics behind Euler's disk, and that's our challenge to you. Can you explain the ratios behind the spinning motion of the disk better than the video did? Let us know in the comments, or send in your report to StandUpMaths on youtube!
SEE ALSO: Old Calculator Nearly Explodes When it Divides by Zero
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text:
Guangdong tattoo paste lasting where to have sell
according to the quality of a material selected
when it comes to tattoo paste, most people's impression is a patterned gummed paper, tattoo paste lasting
effective in reducing the use of chemical materials. Their nails stick raw material, adopt green without stimulation, to human body, skin non-toxic materials, took the lead through a number of international inspection company, detection project there are eight major heavy metal, 6 p, TRA, etc; At the same time they use the packing of the products, publicity materials, as far as possible to use recycled recycling materials, can use the paper to do, don't have plastic; This has become our nail stick a direction of the development of the industry, beauty makeup,actually tattoo paste is also have different quality of a material. In addition to tape tattoo paste, liquid tattoo discount in is becoming more and more common.
( 1) Liquid texture
liquid texture contains a panama fruit ingredient from the amazon region, the local people with its SAP for dyeing. The fluid in the body is not be washed away, can only through the body
MSDS ( 材料安全数据表) The chemical safety instructions, can be translated into chemical safety technical specifications or chemical safety data. The eight elements: lead ( Pb) , arsenic, As) , antimony, Sb) , barium, Ba) , cadmium, 世邦魏理仕(Cb) , chromium, Cr) , mercury, Hg) , selenium, Se) 。 6 p standard refers to the development of acid salt, they respectively are: have ester phthalate ( DEHP)tattoo paste last note: first of all should pay attention to its thickness, when choosing a thin nails will make the timbre thinning or split. Second to look at the glossiness of nails. Finally, the radian, to moderate
2. Tear up tattoo paste the crystal sticker, try not to run into the inside of the words or patterns.
3。 Took out a small spray, inside is clear water oh, stick a tattoo on you want to post position.
4。 The water light spray on wet to tattoo paste.
5。 Ok, now gently shake off the white paper, lifelike tattoo will be appear in the body.。 To buy back the nail, according to their own needs to a certain degree of change nails. If it is too large to use sand paper to grind small. Sand paper need to have a a coarse sand and fine sand, with coarse sand grinding out first, reoccupy fine mend some nice, with gauze dipped in toothpaste, finally to grinding polishing.
stick, stick with a pattern that surface directly on the skin, lasting
tattoo paste can reach 30 days; With the constant improvement of technology, all kinds of effects have been gradually mature application, the effect of metal, shiny effect of onion powder, the effect of laser, velvet effect, three-dimensional effect of diamond, 2 d, 3 d effect of foaming effect, hollow out, luminous, temperature change, photosensitive color, discoloration, etc. , under the influence of water is held in our country.pattern on the back of the blade coating gently with the nails, and finally with the hand down the skin off the bottom paper, let it slide down from the pattern, and then with a towel and press, one is to water, and remove air bubbles, is ok. Design many highlights, of course, if you will be ripped up the bottom paper, slowly, did see off the pattern, to put it down and then press.
Most places have a few choices when it comes to custom flash tattoos custom fake tattoos distributors, but it can sometimes be difficult to find the right supplier for your needs. The quality of custom fake tattoos is critical to custom flash tattoos.
Dongguan XingLiMei Printing Co.,Ltd's mission is to be the leading global innovator, developer and provider of custom fake tattoos custom flash tattoos products, systems, and services.
Dongguan XingLiMei Printing Co.,Ltd must adopts new technology and internal procedures to increase responsiveness and mitigate costs going forward.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Lachine Canal National Historic Site
Natural Wonders & Cultural Treasures
The Lachine Canal is much more than just a route bypassing the rapids of the same name. The Lachine Canal's history stretches over more than 150 years and takes several directions. It comes within the scope of the interdependence between shipping, industrialization and urbanization, which marked Montréal's development.
Urbanization of the South-West
© Parks Canada
The canal was the port of entry for a canal network that linked the Atlantic to the heart of the continent. It was one of the factors that made Montréal the cradle of the Canadian manufacturing industry.
The canal's location near the port and the development of its hydraulic power potential in addition to the availability of inexpensive labour, sufficient capital and the closeness of markets favoured the establishment of highly diversified businesses along its banks. Its development influenced the urbanization of the South-West of the island of Montréal.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Want to transfer assets to your children now? Avoid these 5 costly mistakes
We've all heard the saying, "You can't take it with you." But when is the best time to pass your assets on? Transferring assets to your children while you're alive (rather than upon your death) may be an appealing prospect. After all, giving now allows you to share in the enjoyment and could ensure that a much-loved property stays in the family.
Before you turn your asset succession dreams into reality, consider the following five mistakes that you'll want to avoid making.
1. Not taking your children's wishes into consideration
You may have a strong emotional attachment to an asset such as a property, but that doesn't mean that your kids do, too. If it's a recreational property, will they actually want to spend time there, and are they prepared for the cost of its upkeep? If it's a rental property, are they prepared to take on the responsibilities of being a landlord?
Have frank conversations with your family to confirm which kids (if any) are interested in taking on the property — and how they'll cover the cost of its upkeep once it belongs to them.
2. Not equalizing their inheritance
If one or more of your children don't want to receive a specific asset such as a property, and you want your children to inherit equally, you'll need to work with your legal and tax advisors to find ways for them to do so.
Consider giving those children other assets, such as a portion of your art collection or certain investment funds. You can also purchase a life insurance policy that will pay out, on your death, a value equal to the assets you're giving to some of your children now.
3. Not confirming responsibilities among the future owners
If more than one child will inherit a specific asset from you, consider engaging a lawyer to draft a co-ownership agreement. The agreement would help to protect the investment and set guidelines for how it will be used, and who will be responsible for any necessary maintenance or administration.
The agreement should also clarify what will happen if a party wants to sell their interest in the asset.
4. Not addressing the capital gains tax issue
A capital gain refers to the difference between the cost of purchase and the fair market value of a capital asset, such as real estate.
For example, let's say you purchased a property that is not your principal residence many years ago for $150,000, and it's now worth $850,000. That means you have a capital gain of $700,000, of which 50% ($350,000) is taxable. Including that $350,000 on top of your regular income could easily push you into a very high tax bracket.
Even if you gift the property, you'll still be deemed to have received fair market value for it, and you'll have to report the disposition of the property and pay the tax liability — even though you haven't actually received any money for the asset.
There are ways to address the capital gains tax issue. Talk to your MD Advisor* about claiming the capital gains reserve, buying permanent life insurance or setting up an inter vivos trust.
5. Not accounting for the land transfer tax
Though potentially much smaller than the capital gains tax, the land transfer tax (also known as a property transfer tax) is often overlooked as part of the overall cost of purchasing real estate. It comes into play when real estate is transferred for value (so if you gift a property to your children, it may not be applicable).
The calculation of this tax is based on the purchase price of the property, but provinces and cities across Canada charge different rates. For example, in British Columbia, on the purchase price of a home that's valued at $2 million, the property transfer tax would be:
 - 1% on the first $200,000; and
 - 2% on the portion between $200,000 and $2 million.
If your child is purchasing the property from you as a first-time homebuyer, they may qualify for a land transfer tax rebate, depending on the province.
Transferring assets during your lifetime can be rewarding, but you'll need a plan that makes sense for both you and your heirs. Talk to an MD Advisor to help you make the right shortand long-term decisions for you and your family.


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July 31, 2017 | by Dory Benford
For people living in minority and underserved communities, the divide between patients and health care providers can be hard to overcome.
These patients can feel that their concerns are not being heard, their doctors don't understand where they're coming from culturally or linguistically, or that they are being condescended to.
Sadly, these communication breakdowns can be fatal when individuals skip recommended cancer screenings or ignore cancer-related symptoms they may be experiencing, all to avoid doctor visits.
At City of Hope, the Center of Community Alliance for Research & Education (CCARE), seeks to facilitate better communication between minority patients and health care practitioners by fostering strong partnerships with community organizations.
We spoke to CCARE's manager, Mayra Serrano, M.P.H., C.H.E.S., about the methods they use to bring their cancer prevention messages to the community.
There are several reasons that people living in minority or underserved communities may be hesitant to seek medical care.
"The most common thing I hear is that people are afraid screening exams are going to hurt — that they're painful. They feel they don't need it because they feel fine, and we're talking about prevention and screening for things you don't have. This isn't something where you are sick and you have a cold, so you want to go to the doctor. It's a hard sell, because we're asking people to go through sometimes invasive procedures when they're not sick," said Serrano.
"The cost is another issue. Sometimes people are uninsured or can't take time off work. A lot of it, too, is just lack of knowledge. People don't know that they need these services. They don't know that they need a mammogram every year after 40, or a colonoscopy after 50, or a pap test every three years after the age of 21. I hear a lot of that."
Taking all of these concerns into consideration, CCARE forges inroads with these communities by meeting people where they are, bringing important cancer prevention and screening information directly to communities commonly left out of the health care discussion.
"I think out biggest strength is our community partnerships. We partner with churches, clinics, grassroots organizations, survivor advocates, support groups, schools. I've even been to people's living rooms," said Serrano.
"At CCARE, our first question is always what can we do for you? Not, what can you do for me? We're offering them our services. It takes time to build these partnerships. Years, even."
CCARE arranges community events with these partners, bringing in nurses, doctors and health educators to inform community members about cancer prevention, and sometimes even provide screening exams like mammograms to detect breast cancer or PSA tests to find prostate cancer. If exams are not being completed on site, team members are armed with information on where people can find low cost health care services.


Charles Crest Bible Prophecy
Coat of Armsof Prince Charles of Wales "Prince Charles of Wales"BornCharles Philip Arthur Georgeon November 14, 1948to the Duke of Edinburgh Philip Mountbattenand Princess Elizabeth (present Queen of England)Prince Charles was granted his heraldic achievement (or coat of arms) at the age of 13. It contains the following "royal devices" or symbols: First note that […]
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function the response of single afferents, defined as the spike count over the vibration duration (500 ms), was often more sensitive in discriminating vibration amplitude than the perceptual judgment of the participants. We quantified how the neuronal performance depended on the integration window: for short windows the neuronal performance was inferior to the performance of the subject. The neuronal performance progressively improved with increasing spike count duration and reached a level significantly above that of the subjects when the integration window was 250 ms or longer. The superiority in performance of individual neurons over observers could reflect a nonoptimal integration window or be due to the presence of noise between the sensory periphery and the cortical decision stage. Additionally, it could indicate that the range of perceptual sensitivity comes at the cost of discrimination through pooling across neurons with different response functions.


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O-rings are circular, seals that prevent gas or liquid from passing through an opening. After countless operational cycles, O-rings will eventually wear out and fail. When that time comes, it's essential to know the correct dimensions of your O-ring to source a like for like replacement. In this blog, we'll explain how to measure an O-ring correctly.
Understanding how to measure an O-ring is important for several reasons. Firstly, finding the right O-ring size will ensure an optimum sealing solution. It sounds obvious, but this is crucial to ensure the effective operation of your sealing application – especially in aggressive industries where perfection is a necessity. Secondly, wrongly sized O-rings can quickly become costly. Having to repeatedly replace worn O-rings can have a detrimental impact in terms of the costly downtime you will incur.
With all that said and done, let's take a look at how to size your O-rings correctly to maximize performance and cost savings in one fell swoop.
The good news is that O-rings are relatively easy to measure. Place your O-ring on a level, clean and completely flat surface. Bearing in mind that O-rings are measured in millimetres, begin by determining the inside diameter by measuring from one inner edge to another using a Vernier. Then take measurements of the outside diameter, following the same principles, except measuring to the outer edges.
Next, you'll want to measure the cross-section. To do this, place the O-ring in a Vernier calliper and lightly clamp the jaws of the calliper onto the O-ring. Taking care not to compress the O-ring, record its thickness (cross-section) as a result. If you only have access to two of the O-ring diameters, then you can calculate the third diameter by using the following equations:
If the O-ring is cut, then simply measure the cross-section and the length of the outstretched O-ring. Converting the length to Inside Diameter is a simple matter of dividing the length by 3.142 to get the circumference. Then subtract the cross-section from the circumference to get the Inside Diameter.
Of course, O-rings inevitably become misshapen over time, making an accurate measurement of the O-ring itself virtually impossible. In such cases, measuring the width and depth of the groove or shaft where the O-ring will be seated will provide the dimensions needed for your specific O-ring.
TRP Polymer Solutions can help you to effectively size the correct O-ring for your application. This can be done in various different ways. Firstly, if you know the correct AS-568A O-ring code, then our handy O-ring size guide can help you to pinpoint the correctly sized O-ring that you require.
If you don't know the precise code, then you can use our size finder. Simply enter an O-ring inside Diameter and/or cross-sectional thickness, to get the results for the precise AS-568A code, O-ring size in millimetres and the tolerance (+- mm ID/Dia).
At TRP, our O-rings are available to AS-568A / BS1806 / BS ISO 3601-1 / BS ISO 3601-2 standard sizes. Our technical team can help you to find the right size O-ring for your industrial requirements. We can also advise on the best material selection to enhance your O-ring, for the ultimate reliability, durability and performance. Whether that be FFKM, FKM or another rubber material, we can guide you towards the most suitable material, depending on the level of resistance you require.
For more information about how to measure an O-ring, or for further advice and guidance, contact TRP today by calling +44(0)1432 268899 or email us at _EMAIL_.


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/dx + + + yn yc - + - - - +
More Surface Profiles S0 - Sf 1 - Fr2 dy/dx 1 + + + yc 2 + - - yn 3 - - +
Direct Step Method energy equation solve for Dx rectangular channel prismatic channel
Direct Step MethodFriction Slope Darcy-Weisbach Manning SI units English units
Direct Step • Limitation: channel must be _________ (so that velocity is a function of depth only and not a function of x) • Method • identify type of profile (determines whether Dy is + or -) • choose Dy and thus yn+1 • calculate hydraulic radius and velocity at yn and yn+1 • calculate friction slope yn and yn+1 • calculate average friction slope • calculate Dx prismatic
Direct Step Method =y*b+y^2*z =2*y*(1+z^2)^0.5 +b =A/P =Q/A =(n*V)^2/Rh^(4/3) =y+(V^2)/(2*g) =(G16-G15)/((F15+F16)/2-So) A B C D E F G H I J K L M y A P Rh V Sf E Dx x T Fr bottom surface 0.900 1.799 4.223 0.426 0.139 0.00004 0.901 0 3.799 0.065 0.000 0.900 0.870 1.687 4.089 0.412 0.148 0.00005 0.871 0.498 0.5 3.679 0.070 0.030 0.900
Standard Step • Given a depth at one location, determine the depth at a second location • Step size (x) must be small enough so that changes in water depth aren't very large. Otherwise estimates of the friction slope and the velocity head are inaccurate • Can solve in upstream or downstream direction • upstream for subcritical • downstream for supercritical • Find a depth that satisfies the energy equation
What curves are available? S1 S3 Is there a curve between yc and yn that decreases in depth in the upstream direction?
Vw y y y+y y+y V V+V V-Vw V+V-Vw unsteady flow steady flow F2 V-Vw V+V-Vw Wave Celerity F1
y y+y V-Vw V+V-Vw steady flow Wave Celerity:Momentum Conservation Per unit width
y y+y V-Vw V+V-Vw steady flow Wave Celerity Mass conservation Momentum
Wave Propagation • Supercritical flow • c<V • waves only propagate downstream • water doesn't "know" what is happening downstream • _________ control • Critical flow • c=V • Subcritical flow • c>V • waves propagate both upstream and downstream upstream


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King Alfred Press
Home » culture » What's in a Name?
What's in a Name?
Text Widget
Last week, the Weekender Herald published a very amusing article entitled "Looking at Life." The article, written by John Ovenden, lampooned one of the more absurd (and that's saying something) discussions between the members of the so-called "local progress association."
The topic of discussion was name changes for the various townships in the Adelaide Hills. What John Ovenden was lampooning was the pretentiousness of these groups and just how out of touch they are with the common people.
The fact that our supposed "social betters" are willing to change the names of townships to suit their own ideological needs is hardly new. Today, only those with an interest in local history would know about Adelaide Hill's rich German heritage. Anti-German sentiment generated by the First World War (1914 – 1918) caused the authorities to change the names of many German settlements. As a consequence, Blumberg was changed to Birdwood, Grunthal was changed to Verdun, Hahndorf was briefly changed to Ambleside (though it was changed back in 1935), and Germantown Hill was changed to Vimy Ridge (it was later absorbed into Bridgewater with the road being renamed 'Germantown Hill').
The same thing appears to be occurring today, albeit for entirely different reasons. The general distaste for Germanness had developed into a general revulsion for all of western culture.
A perfect example of this is the Mount Barker District Council and their attempts to modernise Mount Barker. Given that the population of the township is estimated to reach almost sixty-thousand by 2036, there can be little doubt that this modernisation is largely necessary.
However, one cannot help but worry that this modernisation will be used as an excuse to dismantle much of the town's heritage. I worry that this modernisation will be used to remove statues and demolish old buildings. There are signs of this happening already. Take, as an example, the statue installed at the top of Gawler Street. Like virtually all modern art, it is a travesty which fails to connect people with their heritage let alone represent anything.
Fortunately, most of the Adelaide Hills has rejected this pernicious call to change. Instead, they have clung onto their traditions and their heritage. When one drives through the Adelaide Hills, one sees old farmhouses, old Churches, and open fields.
This is partially natural and partially deliberate. It is certainly true that the country is always more conservative than the city. On the other hand, however, local heritage has been preserved thanks to the tireless work of numerous local historical societies.
What is more, it is perfectly possible to bring a township into the modern age without destroying its heritage. Hahndorf is a case in point. Australia's "oldest German settlement" has managed to modernise itself without sacrificing its traditional façade. Furthermore, it has even managed to capitalise on its German character and heritage. Along its main street, one can find boutique stores, small cafes, restaurants, and pubs that one would expect to find in old townships. Yet along that main street one can also find Asian restaurants, tattoo parlours, and other more modern venues.
Why are some local councils so hell-bent on destroying the heritage of the towns they have been elected to govern? Part of the answer can be found in their nature. Local councils, like most bureaucratic bodies, are left-wing by nature. As such, they eschew heritage and tradition. The impetus is on progress not on preserving local heritage.
The Mount Barker Council, for example, has signalled their commitment to so-modern "values" over adherence to tradition and stability. Rather than occupying one of the township's historical building, the local Council has instead decided to occupy an ugly, multi-storeyed office building.
There is a darker reason, however. There are those who wish to alienate people from their heritage by destroying their cultures and traditions. Among the tactics they employ is the defamation of local and national history, the abolition of holidays such as Christmas and Australia day, and the demolition of old buildings, statues, and other historical sites. They hope that by dismantling a town or nation's heritage, they can remould society along their ideological lines.
Fortunately, a great deal of work has been done to protect local heritage. Local historical societies, the History Trust, and other similar organisations have worked tirelessly to protect and preserve local history.
It is our culture and our heritage that has made us who we are. We must resist attempts to destroy it. What's in a name? Everything.
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Installs your own termination routine to be called by terminate.
The set_terminate function installs termFunction as the function called by terminate. set_terminate is used with C++ exception handling and may be called at any point in your program before the exception is thrown. terminate calls abort by default. You can change this default by writing your own termination function and calling set_terminate with the name of your function as its argument. terminate calls the last function given as an argument to set_terminate. After performing any desired cleanup tasks, termFunction should exit the program. If it does not exit (if it returns to its caller), abort is called.
In a multithreaded environment, terminate functions are maintained separately for each thread. Each new thread needs to install its own terminate function. Thus, each thread is in charge of its own termination handling.
The terminate_function type is defined in EH.H as a pointer to a user-defined termination function, termFunction that returns void. Your custom function termFunction can take no arguments and should not return to its caller. If it does, abort is called. An exception may not be thrown from within termFunction.
typedef void ( *terminate_function )( );
The set_terminate function only works outside the debugger.
There is a single set_terminate handler for all dynamically linked DLLs or EXEs; even if you call set_terminate your handler may be replaced by another, or you may be replacing a handler set by another DLL or EXE.
This function is not supported under /clr:pure.
For additional compatibility information, see Compatibility in the Introduction.
Not applicable. To call the standard C function, use PInvoke. For more information, see Platform Invoke Examples.


Salt and Soda Soak: A Radiation Detox Bath
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A BATH RECIPE TO NEUTRALIZE IONIZING RADIATION EXPOSURE
MARILEE NELSON
Branch Basics
Salt and Soda Soak to Neutralize Radiation Exposure (after airplane travel) | Branch Basics
This salt and soda soak is a radiation-neutralizing bath designed to help you detox and to clear your system of ionizing radiation, a particularly invasive environmental factor that can devastate your immune system. A salt and soda soak is an ideal way to detox after taking a long airplane trip. Flying on an airplane increases your exposure because you are exposed to high levels of gamma-ray radiation at high altitude levels. In addition, if you go through the full-body back scatter X-ray scanner, you will expose your body to small, bioaccumulative doses of ionizing radiation. The Federal Aviation Administration and the U. S. Department of Transportation have stated that radiation exposure from flying can increase risks if you are a frequent flyer, pregnant, a pilot or airline crew member.1 This bath is also effective after medical X-rays, dental X-rays, CAT and PET scans, and other medical diagnostic tests that expose the body to ionizing radiation.
When to Try a Salt and Soda Soak:
 - after airplane travel
 - after a medical x-ray
 - after a dental x-ray
 - following CT or PET scans
 - following any diagnostic tests that expose your body to radiation
RADIATION = ACIDIC, SALT & BAKING SODA = ALKALINE
Radiation is acidifying to the system, but a salt and soda soak, which is highly alkaline, helps neutralize this effect. This radiation soak can be done two to three times per week to help counteract the radiation and to eliminate toxins from the body's largest organ, the skin.
If you recently traveled in an airplane, this salt and soda bath can be particularly helpful to neutralize your radiation exposure from the flight. Take the radiation bath as soon after the flight as possible, especially when you return from your trip. If possible, continue taking a salt and soda soak daily for a week following your trip.
Salt and Soda Soak to Neutralize Radiation Exposure (after airplane travel) | Branch Basics
SALT AND SODA SOAK INSTRUCTIONS
 1. Dissolve one to two pounds of salt* with one to two pounds of baking soda in a hot bath. Use more for a larger bathtub.
 2. Soak for 40 minutes with most of your body submerged. If the water is too hot, you may experience dizziness or fatigue. Use a meat or candy thermometer to measure the water temperature – do not go over 104 degrees.
*Use common salt (sodium chloride) salt, not Epsom salt (magnesium chloride), for this bath. Morton's pickling salt or sea salt are common options sold in most grocery stores. Look for pure salt on the ingredients (no additives). Other options include mixing salt from a feed store (ground to a fine consistency), or coarse salt used for water softening (sold in 25-50 pound bags). However, be aware that coarse salt will be harder to dissolve than the other options.
Precautions
 - If you are feeling very weak, start with 100 degrees or below.
 - If you feel like you need to get out because it is too hot, add cold water until you are able to relax and enjoy the bath.
 - If you have a weak heart or if you get palpitations, you should not submerge your chest during the bath.
 - If you become dizzy or experience rapid heartbeat during the bath, slowly get out of the tub with someone's assistance.
 - If you have any reason to believe that the bath may not be right for you to do, please consult with your doctor before attempting to take one.
 - If you do not have a water filter for your bath tub, you can neutralize chemicals, chlorine and chloramines in the water by adding Microhydrin. Open up five capsules of the supplement directly into the bath water before you add the salt or baking soda.
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The technical report and its appendices summarize the analyses and input used to create the floodplain maps. Watershed modelling is a technical exercise, and therefore these reports are technical in nature. Reports marked with an asterisk (*) may be of most interest to community members.
Chemainus River Flood Mapping Program, Part 1 - Floodplain Mapping Report* (22 pages)
An overview of the study, process used to create floodplain mapping, and recommended next steps.
Appendix A: Surveys and Water Level Measurements (11 pages)
Describes the survey data used to create the floodplain model.
Appendix B: Hydrology (15 pages)
Describes how water flows through the watershed and the scenarios used to develop flood mapping for the study area.
Appendix C: Chemainus River Geomorphic Atlas* (43 pages)
While we often think of rivers as unchanging, historical records show us that watercourses shift over time due to processes like flooding, sedimentation, blockages, and erosion. The geomorphic atlas summarizes landforms that affect how water flows through the Chemainus River floodplain. It includes hazard mapping that identifies where there is risk of physical changes to the river channel, providing important information for land use planning and hazard management.
Appendix D: Hydraulic Modelling (29 pages)
Describes how a hydraulic model that simulates flood events was created and the results of the modelling process. The hydraulic model can be used to predict potential future flooding impacts in the area.
Appendix E: Coastal Modelling (32 pages)
Because the Lower Chemainus River watershed meets the ocean at the Chemainus Estuary, the study includes coastal flood considerations as part of floodplain mapping. This report describes the process for integration of coastal considerations.
Appendix F: Flood Mapping Methodology (10 pages)
Describes the two mapping outputs created for the Lower Chemainus River.
The outcome of the technical work described above is updated flood mapping for the Lower Chemainus Watershed. Click here to view the maps.


Tax-Sheltered Annuity (TSA)
Definition - What does Tax-Sheltered Annuity (TSA) mean?
A tax-sheltered annuity (TSA) is a retirement plan for non-profit organizations, such as schools, hospitals, charities, and churches. These organizations can set up a TSA program for their employees so they can save for retirement. When an employee makes a contribution, they get a tax deduction for it. This plan also delays taxes on their investment earnings until the employee retires and starts making withdrawals.
A tax-sheltered annuity is also known as a tax-deferred annuity.
Insuranceopedia explains Tax-Sheltered Annuity (TSA)
A tax-sheltered annuity is the non-profit version of the 401(k). Because of the way the tax code is set up, the non-profit sector had to design a separate program. In practice though, the two retirement plans are nearly identical.
A worker can only use a TSA if their employer offers one. They cannot set up a plan individually. From there, the amount they can contribute every year also depends on how the plan is set up. Some employers also offer a matching contribution to the TSA to give employees more compensation and encourage them to save more.
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Fish Surveys in the Devereux Slough
Devereux Slough
Fish surveys are performed regularly to monitor the changes in abundance of fish within the Devereux Slough. Species composition varies due to water quality, current weather conditions, and seasonality.
All fish surveys are performed using minnow traps and seine nets. The fish are release after being counted. DSMP interns also identify the species, calculate the species richness of the sample, and record the size of the fish. Some of the most common fish species observed are mudsuckers, killifish, and the endangered Tidewater Goby.
Fish survey data is entered into the DSMP database, and is used to determine the yearly and seasonal trends in fish species community composition and the size class of fish in the Devereux Slough.
Species commonly observed by our fish interns in their biological surveys.
Osprey with fish
Osprey, Devereux Slough,09/2005
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Do You Need a Good GPU For Machine Learning? [Answered]
Although a GPU is not required for machine and deep learning. Owning a GPU as your neural networks and models get larger becomes important.
The more powerful your GPU the faster your models will be trained. But, do you need a good GPU for machine learning? Here's why you may or may not need a GPU.
How Much GPU Do I Need For Machine Learning?
Do you plan to put GPUs in an array or running a single GPU? If you plan on creating an array of GPUs for machine learning.
Your budget is all that matters. But for a single GPU then you have to start looking at your budget and specifications.
The more money you have the better GPU you can get. A top-tier NVIDIA RTX GPU costs on average USD900-1500.
Next is the VRAM, the higher the VRAM the more graphics data it can hold and process. Think of the VRAM as the RAM of the GPU used by it only. Highly recommended you get GPUs that have 4GB or higher VRAM.
Next on the list is cores, graphic cards have thousands of cores. The more cores it has the faster and more powerful it is. AMD calls their GPU cores stream processors and NVIDIA theirs CUDA cores.
Finally, clock speed. Just like with CPUs higher clock speeds translate into better performance and faster completion of tasks.
So how much GPU you need for machine learning depends on your budget, skill in machine learning, and the size of your models or neural networks.
Which GPU Is Best For Machine Learning?
GPUs that have high clock speeds, core count, and VRAM are the best for machine learning. For a list of such GPUs read this guide for the best GPUs for machine learning.
Why Is GPU Good For Machine Learning?
GPUs are not required for machine learning. However, the larger your datasets and neural networks become the more computing power your PC or laptop requires.
And if your hardware isn't that powerful it's going to take a long time to train them. This is where GPUs come in.
How To Choose a GPU For Deep Learning
In addition to having powerful processors for machine learning, GPUs greatly reduce the training time of neural networks and models.
These are hardware-intensive tasks and the several thousands of cores in a GPU complete the tasks faster than a CPU. This saves you time because you don't have to wait for several hours for the models to be completed.
Do You Need GPU For Artificial Intelligence?
You don't need a GPU for AI if you have small datasets, training small models, or neural networks.
A GPU becomes necessary when the amount of information and tasks grows so much it takes a lot of time to finish them.
A decent or powerful GPU greatly shortens the time because they excel at specialized tasks compared to CPUs.
That's why powerful GPU cards such as NVIDIA RTX are mostly used for training complex neural networks and models.
They have high clock speeds, cores, and VRAM that helps immensely in providing the necessary performance in finishing the training in a short duration.
Is GTX 1060 Good For Machine Learning?
A few years ago, GTX 1060 was good for machine learning. Now? They are not so great anymore.
Newer and more powerful cards have been released making them better options than the GTX 1060.
Plus, they are either cheaper or the same price as the GTX 1060 if in the same category. High-end cards are more expensive and come with better performance.
Is Tensorflow GPU Faster?
Tensorflow GPU is always going to be faster than CPU. It's a complete and robust framework that offers fantastic features and capabilities for machine learning.
However, this greatly depends on how you train your models and neural network.
Is AMD GPU Good For Machine Learning?
Yes, AMD GPU is good for machine learning. Contrary to what other people or NVIDIA have led you to believe that only NVIDIA GPUs are great for machine learning.
AMD GPUs also offer similar performance to NVIDIA GPUs when training models and neural networks. Plus, you don't even need a GPU for machine learning.
The only important factors in determining the performance of a GPU are the clock speed, cores, VRAM, and GPU architecture.
Another thing to note is that the GPU cores in AMD are called stream processors and in NVIDIA are CUDA cores.
Both are GPU cores but with different names. You can read more about NVIDIA CUDA cores vs stream processors if you want to understand them better.
In short, AMD GPUs are fantastic options for machine learning.


TY - JOUR AU - Suchita Sukul AU - Goldy Rathee AU - Parimal Anand AU - Sakshi Kataria AU - Pratibha Taneja PY - 2019/12/13 Y2 - 2020/09/21 TI - Incidences of Root Microcracks Caused by Hand and Rotary File System at Different Lengths JF - International Healthcare Research Journal JA - IHRJ VL - 3 IS - 9 SE - Original Research(s) DO - 10.26440/IHRJ/0309.12004 UR - _URL_ AB - OBJECTIVES: The present research was conducted to assess incidences of root microcracks caused by hand and rotary file system at different lengths MATERIAL AND METHODS: This in-vitro study was undertaken to assess incidence of root microcracks caused by hand and rotary file system at different lengths In total, 100 the mandibular premolar with straight roots determined with intact, fully formed apices were taken. Samples were randomly distributed into 5 groups based on the file system used: a) Group A: Control, b) Group B: Reciproc, c) Group C: WaveOne, d) Group D: One Shape and e) Group E: ProTaper. Pearson Chi-square test was used to determine the differences between groups. The dentinal defects were expressed as percentage of samples with microcracks in each group. Level of statistical significance was set at p-value less than 0.05. RESULTS: The chi square test was used to compare the Distribution of the number of teeth in which cracks were observed on the horizontal sections. It was found to be significant with group ProTaper showing maximum cracks at 3,6,9 mm level as compared to other file systemCONCLUSION: Nickel-titanium instruments causes cracks on the apical root surface or in the root canal wall. ProTaper causes maximum dentinal cracks as compared to other file systems ER -


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Seeds are subject to attacks not only externally but also internally as fungi or bacteria may attach to their coating or even within eventually causing plant diseases. The dangers that threaten seeds are present during storage and after planting. The soils upon which seeds are planted also contain fungi and bacteria that could harm them and the degree to which they could endanger seeds depend upon the condition of the soil at the time seeds are planted, which do not favour fast germination.
Seed treatment had been practiced as early as 60 A.D. when seeds were treated with wine and crushed cypress leaves to deter insects from destroying them while in storage (Munkvold et al. 2006 7). Also, during the Egyptian and Roman periods sap from onion was used; in the Middle Ages, chlorine salts and liquid manure, and; in the 1600s, hot water started to become a ST method, one that is still being used even to this day (Australian Seed Federation 2010). The earliest treatment for wheat seeds was accidentally discovered in the 17th century when a ship carrying a load of wheat grains sank. When grains that got soaked in the seawater were recovered from the sunken ship and were planted they produced plants that have less bunt or stinking smut than the usual crops planted using ordinary seeds. Thus, soaking seeds in seawater became one of the earliest treatments to seeds to prevent bunt until in the year 1750 a Frenchman discovered that salt and lime can control bunt in wheat significantly. The advent of the mercurial compounds in the 1920s, although later banned, had revolutionised contemporary seed treatment (Munkvold et al. 2006 7).


text: Fluid flow tests were conducted on four kinds of fracture intersections, namely straight fracture intersection, buckling fracture intersection, crossing fracture intersection and furcating fracture intersection. Corresponding numerical simulations were performed by solving the Navier-Stokes equations. The resultant flow force per- pendicular to fracture walls were derived. The results show that at high hydraulic gradients the increased normal resultant force perpendicular to fracture walls will change the original flow direction and consequently cause the formation of eddies which triggers flow nonlinearity. Greater buckling angle and smaller crossing angle would result in the onset of nonlinear flow at a higher critical hydraulic gradient for the cases of buckling and crossing fracture intersections. The critical hydraulic gradient for the case of furcating fracture intersection depends on the absolute angle between furcating flow and the original flow direction. Based on the analyses, three nonlinear models for coefficient B in the Forchheimer law corresponding to three cases of fracture intersections are pro- posed, which are related to the fracture intersection angle and hydraulic aperture. These models are further validated using flow experimental data from a real fracture network created in a rock specimen with the cor- responding fracture model constructed using the computed tomography (CT) method.


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Build Your NMC CBT Study
Hey there! So, you're all set to take the NMC CBT exam, huh? That's awesome! Just wanted to let you know how important this preparation journey is for you as a nurse or midwife looking to practice in the UK. Nailing this exam shows how skilled you are and opens up some fantastic career opportunities in the healthcare field.Thank you for reading this post, don't forget to subscribe!
The great thing about this preparation is that it's not just about cramming facts and figures. Our priority is your ability to provide exceptional patient care. Once you've aced this exam, you'll be ready to deliver fantastic healthcare services in line with UK standards and regulations.
NMC CBT Study Plan
Step 1: Assess Your Current Knowledge
Before preparing, take a diagnostic test to identify your strengths and weaknesses. Understanding your areas of improvement will guide your study plan.
Step 2: Gather Study Materials
Equip yourself with high-quality study materials, including textbooks, online resources, and practice questions. Choose reputable sources that align with the NMC CBT syllabus.
Step 3: Set Specific Goals
Establish clear and achievable goals for each study session. Breaking down your preparation into manageable milestones ensures steady progress.
Step 4: Divide Your Study Time
Allocate dedicated study blocks for each subject or module. This balanced approach allows you to cover all essential topics within time.
Step 5: Daily Study Sessions
Consistency is key to success. Plan daily study sessions of 2-3 hours, with short breaks to maintain focus and avoid burnout.
Step 6: Create a Study Environment
Designate a quiet and comfortable study space to enhance productivity and retention.
Step 7: Subject-Wise Preparation
7.1. Listening Module
Master the Listening module by familiarizing yourself with various accents and note-taking techniques. Practice with multiple listening tests.
7.2. Reading Module
Enhance reading speed and comprehension with diverse texts. Practice answering questions based on different reading materials.
7.3. Writing Module
Excel in the Writing module by learning effective essay and report structuring. Regularly practice writing on various topics.
7.4. Speaking Module
Build fluency and confidence in the Speaking module. Engage in regular speaking practice with friends or language partners.
Step 8: Weekly Reviews
Conduct weekly reviews to track progress. Identify weak points and focus on targeted revision.
Step 9: Full-Length Practice Tests
Simulate actual exam conditions with full-length practice tests. Build stamina and familiarize yourself with the test format.
Step 10: Revision and Final Preparations
In the final weeks, concentrate on revision: review notes, practice questions, and key concepts to boost confidence.
To help you stay organized and focused, we've designed an eight-week timetable that covers all essential study areas. Follow this schedule diligently, and you'll be well-prepared to ace the NMC CBT exam confidently.
Week 1: Orientation and Diagnostic Test
- Familiarize yourself with the NMC CBT exam format and syllabus.
- Consider taking a diagnostic test to evaluate your understanding and identify areas for improvement.
- Gather study materials and resources.
Week 2: Listening Module
- Begin with the Listening module. Practice different question types.
- Engage in listening exercises to improve your comprehension skills.
- Solve practice tests to sharpen your ability to extract essential information from audio recordings.
Week 3: Reading Module
- Focus on the Reading module. Work on improving reading speed and comprehension.
- Practice answering various reading questions, including multiple-choice, true/false/not given, and short answer questions.
- Read various texts to broaden your vocabulary and understanding of different topics.
Week 4: Writing Module
- Master the Writing module. Learn how to structure essays and reports effectively.
- Practice writing articles on diverse topics, and seek feedback to enhance your writing skills.
- Work on time management to complete both tasks within the allocated time.
Week 5: Speaking Module
- Concentrate on the Speaking module. Practice speaking fluently on various topics.
- Engage in mock interviews with friends or language partners to build confidence.
- Record yourself answering common speaking topics for self-assessment and improvement.
Week 6: Full-Length Practice Test
- Take your first full-length practice test to simulate actual exam conditions.
- Evaluate your performance, and identify areas that need more attention.
- Analyze your mistakes and learn from them.
Week 7: Subject-Wise Revision
- Focus on the targeted revision of weak areas in each module.
- Review notes, practice questions, and critical concepts.
- Engage in additional practice tests to reinforce your understanding.
Week 8: Final Preparations
- Take another full-length practice test to gauge your progress.
- Finalize your preparations and build confidence in your abilities.
- Prioritize self-care and relaxation to stay calm and focused on the exam day.
Exam Day: Good Luck!
- Stay positive and confident during the exam.
- Read and follow instructions carefully.
- Trust in your preparation, and give it your best effort.
Remember, consistency and dedication throughout these eight weeks are vital for success. Maintain a healthy study routine, take breaks when needed, and seek support from friends or study groups. With this well-structured timetable, you'll be ready to showcase your knowledge and skills in the NMC CBT exam. Best of luck on your journey to becoming a qualified nurse or midwife in the UK!


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Could you find the mistake in her first step of simplification of LHS expression?
I am sure many algebra teachers would agree with me that this is one of the most common mistakes students do while simplifying algebraic expressions. So, why would be they doing so? What could be the cause(s) for this effect? Why is it that this nonsense does not seem nonsense to them?
(I am intentionally keeping these questions open now, with the hope that some of us would probably pause and try to find the answer for these, though reflection, research or discussion with our peers.)
So, this was the problem:
Actually, I had seen Poonam committing this mistake i.e. 'cancelling' the term x^2 (i.e. x squared) from Numerator (Nr) and Denominator (Dr), however I chose to not stop her to point out this mistake at that moment and I chose to keep my mouth shut and just allow her to go ahead with this mistake. (Why?)
Soon, she found herself stuck up and asked me to help.. I don't know what struck me I rather asked her this question:
"I see you have cancelled out x^2 in Nr and Dr. Why don't you then even cancel out 'x' from Nr and Dr?"
She replied immediately – "No sir, we cannot do this, their signs are different."
"oh ok! Is that the reason?"
"Yes", she answered with a bit of reluctance this time.
I thought for a while and again threw the ball back to her court,
"Okay, so how about canceling the two terms (1 + x^2) from Nr and Dr?"
"How can we do that? They are far away! There is 'x' in between them."
"Oh! Can we rearrange the addends in an addition expression? I mean, can we write (1 + x + x^2) as (1 + x^2 + x)?"
Poonam got what I meant this time and re-wrote the Nr and Dr expressions this way:
As you can see that, now she had no problem in cancelling out the two (1 + x^2) Interesting, isn't it? I just thought of pointing out one more thing to her,
"Could we have cancelled out even the '1's while cancelling out x^2 from Nr and Dr?"
She reacted to this simple idea in such a way, as if I had drawn her attention to some Wonder 🙂 🙂
"Yes sir, we could have easily simplified the expression there itself, instead of this long business of first rearranging and then cancelling (1+x^2)"
So having stuck up in her first way (canceling just x^2), she now simplified the problem, the second way i.e. by cancelling (1+x^2) instead of just x^2 😉
Now, if you carefully check her new solution (on the right side), then you will find many more (serious) mistakes. Can you count and tell me how many? Possible reasons for these mistakes?
I could have pointed out these errors to her, however, at this moment I chose to stay 'out of this zone of new errors.' Why? (Perhaps, addressing this set of errors calls for another round of discussion with her and hence an another post as well.;)
Meanwhile, you can think of the method(s) one can adopt to help her find these mistakes.
Like last time, after simplifying the problem to some extent, she got stuck and cried for help.
Now I thought to withdraw myself and rather involve my another student to take over this game. I intentionally picked up Kanchan, told her to have a look at both the solutions of Poonam so far. She went through her work and then gave a big smile to me, I knew that she will be able to recognize the trap I had laid for Poonam, after all, she too had been dragged into such traps before 🙂
Kanchan forged ahead, thought for a while and wrote this on the board:
I don't know what made her think of these four numbers (3,10,15,9). This is how she instructed Poonam then:
"Now simplify this example using both the ways, with cancelling and without cancelling."
Poonam just solved this 13 / 24. Surprisingly she was not working on 3 and 9 in Nr and Dr here, like the way she was cancelling out 'same addends' 'x' or (1+x^2) in the original problem.
While Kanchan was unable to understand this contradictory behavior of Poonam in both these problems, a teacher would probably understand this duality. May be Poonam thought that the two addends in Nr and Dr can be cancelled out only when they are same. So here was Kanchan expecting Poonam to simplify 3 and 9, and Poonam not doing so because both addends were different! It was interesting to watch both of them fixed up in this lock. 🙂 🙂
Kanchan then looked at me for help. I decided to give in easily this time. Hence just told her to explain while solving.
This is how she proved that the method used by Poonam (cancelling out / simplifying addends in Nr and Dr) changes the value of given fraction and hence is incorrect.
While it was a delight to listen to Kanchan as to why 13 / 24 and 11 / 18 are unequal, I could see that Poonam was mostly accepting what Kanchan was firmly and quickly asserting.
According to Kanchan, 13/24 and 11/18 were the two most simplified forms (gcd of 13 and 24 is 1 and gcd of 11 and 18 is 1) and they were clearly not equal. However Poonam was not yet ready to digest this level of understanding of fractions and hence this type of reasoning was not going much deep into her.
If Kanchan had taken either of these 2 following routes, then it would have been easier for Poonam to understand:
(a) Different reasoning: 13/24 is 1/24 more than half while 11/18 is 1/9 more than half. Thus both are unequal, hence one cannot simplify the addends.
(b) Different numbers: Choose the numbers such that it becomes easier to compare the two fractions.
So I decided to intervene now with (b) rather than (a), and suggested that Kanchan make some changes in her numbers. Replace 10 by 9 in Nr. (What made me think of this replacement?) Why did I choose strategy (b) over (a)?
This replacement made Kanchan's job easier:
So this is the way she explained to Poonam now:
If you simplify the fraction (3+9)/(15+9) without any modifications, then it is equal to 12/24 which is 1/2 i.e Half
While, if you simplify the two addends 3 and 9 in Nr and Dr as 1 and 3 respectively, then the fraction becomes equal to 10/18 = 5/9 which is more than half…
Hence you cannot simplify the addends in the Nr and Dr of a fraction.
This was pretty easier than the previous one, however I wanted to ensure if Poonam had understood this.
"So did you get this now?"
She replied – "Sir, how come Kanchan knows 5/9 is more than half?"
I looked at Kanchan. She began –
"Look Poonam, Why do you say 12/24 is half?"
"Because 12 is half of 24."
"So similarly if we have 9 in the Dr then whats required in the Nr to make it Half?'
She thought for a while and answered in a less confident tone, " 4.5 "
"Yes! Correct! So if 4.5 / 9 is Half then, what about 5 / 9?"
There was a Big Smile on Poonam's face now…. and so on Kanchan's 🙂 🙂 Little did they realize that their game was not yet over.
"Wait Kanchan, you have showed her that she cannot cancel or simplify the "addends" in the the Nr and Dr of a fraction, but what about the reason why we CAN cancel or simplify the "factors" in the Nr and Dr of a fraction?"
She understood what I meant and hence again made another example to make this point:
I was very happy with the way she achieved this. She explained how the same factors in the Nr and Dr (x^2) come together to equal 1, and hence the simplified fraction formed (5/4) by the remaining factors multiplied by this 1, does not change the value of simplified fraction (1 x 5/4 = 5/4 ). So when we casually say that we are 'cancelling out' the same factors,we are actually or mathematically, multiplying and dividing by the same factor, thus multiplying by 1.
I thought to reinforce this idea using only numbers now, so I gave her this example:
I further asked her, what if the problem were (18 x 5) / ( 9 x 4)?
This is how she simplified it:
(18 / 9) x (5 / 4) = 2 x (5 / 4) = 10 / 4
I could feel the joy of understanding radiated from her face.
Do you or your students simplify the fractions with such deeper understanding or by simply cancelling out the factors in top and bottom


The Cove Forest
Cove forests are unique ecosystems found exclusively in North America, in the southern Appalachian Mountains of the United States. They are a special type of forest known as mixed decidous, meaning that forest's trees lose their leaves in fall. Cove forests are restricted to mountain "coves," which are bowl-shaped valleys with very rich, fertile, damp soil. Many cove forests have streams wandering through part of the forest. The cove forests of the South exhibit the greatest plant and tree diversity of any forests in the United States.
The cove forests of South Carolina are restricted to the northwest portion of the state, extending from the north of Westminster to north of Greenville, Jones Gap State Park, Table Rock State Park, Oconee State Park, and Caesars Head State Park all contain cove forest communities. For more information, view the credits.
PLEASE NOTE: We're currently extracting content from the FLASH-BASED virtual trips for access on other devices. This is a work-in-progress so please feel free to continue to use the original virtual tour.
The Cove Forest
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Cristina ȘOȘEA Liliana POPESCU
Current migration processes require special assessment and attention due to their complexity and multiple socio-economic implications. The forms of international migration have only recently intensified in Romania due to the barriers imposed by the former communist regime, but their influence on population dynamics is certainly significant and the effects on national economy and demographic vitality of the country are undeniable. Although mainly recognized as an emigration country at the beginning of the post-communist period, Romania is recently going through a period of accentuated intensification of immigrant flows.
Starting with the 1990s, the share of immigrant flows in the net international migration balance has changed in dynamics, motivations, structure, specialization, forms, spatial intensity and consequences etc. This research presents a territorialized analysis of immigration to Romania in the period comprised between _PHONE_, which presents a high mediatic and scientific interest, given the volume and importance of the phenomenon.
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New Species Of Metal-Eating Plant Has 'Great Potential' For Green Technology
A plant species that "eats" metal was recently discovered in the Philippines, and scientists who identified the iron-stomached plant say it could help clean up the environment.
According to scientists at the University of the Philippines, Los Baños, who published a report about the metal-eating plant in the journal PhytoKeys on Friday, Rinorea niccolifera absorbs and stores up to 18,000 parts per million of nickel in its leaves without being poisoned. That's about 1,000 times more metal than is present in most other plants.
"Hyperacccumulator plants have great potentials for the development of green technologies," Augustine Doronila of the University of Melbourne, a co-author of the report, said in a statement.
Doronila noted the value of Rinorea niccolifera for uses like phytoremediation (using plants to remove contaminants from the environment) and phytomining (employing plants in the recovery of valuable metals.)
Rinorea niccolifera was found on the western part of Luzon Island in an area known for its metal-rich soil.
Only about 0.5 to 1 percent of plants have the ability to absorb metal. According to National Geographic, there are around 350 known species of plants that accumulate metals such as nickel, zinc, copper and manganese in high concentrations.
Hyperaccumulating plants store the metal in vacuoles – microscopic structures in their cells. Vacuoles have membranes similar to those in the human liver that protect the rest of the cell from the toxic effects of the metal.
"[Metal-eating plants] have this extraordinary capacity to accumulate metals, and they do this in the wild without any interference from man," David E. Salt, associate professor of plant molecular physiology at Purdue University, told National Geographic in 2001. "They just do this for a living."
Salt led a team that cloned the genes that allow hyperaccumulator plants to store high concentrations of metals. Their findings could lead to new crop plants that can clean up industrial contamination and allow for improved crop nutrition.
Researchers have been experimenting with metal-eating plants for some time now. The goal is to see if crop plants could clean up soil by absorbing heavy metals.
Metal-absorbing plants also have implications for mining industries. The process works by first locating soils that contain high levels of a particular metal, and then growing plants that absorb that metal through their roots and store them in their leaves. The metal can then be recovered, or harvested, from the leaves by burning the plants and processing the ash in a smelter or refinery, according to Gizmodo.
The trick will be finding plants whose ability to take up metal is so strong as to be economically viable.
Scientists aren't sure exactly why some plants absorb much more metal, but they believe it could be a kind of defense mechanism to keep animals from eating them.
"Just as people hate to bite down on a piece of aluminum foil, insects tend to avoid eating plants that taste like metal," National Geographic noted.
Source | Ibtimes


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Capacitive deionization (CDI) with electric double layers is an electrochemical desalination technology in which porous carbon electrodes are polarized to reversibly store ions. Planar composite CDI electrodes exhibit poor energetic performance due the resistance associated with salt depletion and tortuous diffusion in the macroporous structure. In this work, we investigate the impact of bi-tortuosity on desalination performance by etching macroporous patterns along the length of activated carbon porous electrodes in a flow-by CDI architecture. Capacitive electrodes were also coated with thin asymmetrically charged polyelectrolytes to improve ion-selectivity while maintaining the bitortuous macroporous channels. Under constant current operation, the equivalent circuit resistance in CDI cells operating with bi-tortuous electrodes was approximately 2.2 times less than a control cell with unpatterned electrodes, leading to significant increases in working capacitance (20–22 to 26.7–27.8 F g
), round-trip efficiency (52–71 to 71–80%), and charge efficiency (33–59 to 35–67%). Improvements in these key performance indicators also translated to enhanced salt adsorption capacity, rate, and most importantly, the thermodynamic efficiency of salt separation (1.0–2.0 to 2.2–4.1%). These findings demonstrate that the use of bi-tortuous electrodes is a novel approach of reducing impedance to ionic flux in CDI.
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