Getting started & How to
 1. Turning on and off
 Click the Brainer application icon in your browser toolbar to turn it on or off.
 Note: Brainer is designed to be the least distracting. Even when turned ON it doesn't change the content of websites and only displays the application window. When turned OFF it doesn't do anything at all (and generates no traffic).
 2. Expanding and collapsing
 Click the Brainer icon on the screen to expand or collapse the application window.
 Note: You can use Brainer in both minimized and window mode. The minimized mode is compact and very fast but it doesn't allow you to organize your content while adding it.
 3. Changing the position on the screen
 Drag the program icon to move Brainer. You can do it in minimized or window mode.
 Note: If you drag the Brainer icon to the other corner of the screen, it will stick to that corner while you scroll the page.
 4. Changing the window size
 Drag the edges or corners of the window to resize it.
 5. Changing the research name
 Click on the research name to change it. Then press enter to confirm.
 6. Adding content by dragging & dropping
 Most of the content can be added to Brainer by dragging and dropping different elements from websites. You can drag & drop a selected text (as a quote), pictures and links.
 In window mode:
 In minimized mode:
 Note: You can also add YouTube videos, which are presented with a nice preview. You can do it by adding a video link.
 7. Adding content by pasting a link
 You can paste any url in Brainer.
 It will be parsed automatically and displayed appropriately (as a picture, video or a normal link).
 8. Adding pictures from your computer
 You can drag any picture from your computer to the Brainer window and it will be saved as well.
 9. Saving a website url (bookmark)
 You can save a link to the website you are browsing at the moment.
 The simplest method is to drag the website icon to the Brainer window or icon.
 You can also copy the link and paste it as a item in the Brainer window. The link will be automatically parsed and saved in a nice format.
 10. Creating folders and grouping content
 You can organize your content in folders. Then you can collapse folders that you don't need at the moment to keep your work as clear and readable as possible.
 Any information you add can act as a folder (a text, picture, video). The most convenient way is to use a short text (a folder name):
 Type the phrase and press enter.
 Now you can start adding content to the created folder by dropping on it pictures, links and quotes.
 Note: You can create as many nested levels as you want. You can also use other content type (quote, picture, video) as a group name - just drop the content on it.
 11. Adding content in a particular place
 If you need to insert a item between two others, you can do it directly, by locating the place and clicking on it (you will see a small dashed rectangle marking the space).
 You can type a new text, make a quote by adding quotation marks or paste a link.
 12. Moving content
 You can change the position and order of any content by dragging it to a different location.
 You can place it between two other items or drop it onto another item to create a group.
 13. Deleting content
 Method 1: Start dragging the information you want to delete (a folder, quote, picture, video). Drop it into the recycle bin that will appear next to the application window.
 Method 2: Open the context menu (right click) and choose the 'Delete' option.
 14. Accessing the source website
 Brainer automatically saves the source (URL and page title) for almost all the content that you add.
 You can access the source by clicking on the website icon on the right side of your content (a quote, picture, video).
 15. Adding sources manually
 Sometimes the source of information cannot be saved automatically, especially when you add a picture from your local disk.
 You can manually add/edit the source of information if you need to do so.
 16. Taking screenshots
 If you find information that cannot be saved using drag & drop, you can make a screenshot and save it as a picture.
 You can use the global screenshot button and then move your screenshot to the desired location in your research:
 You can take a screenshot placing it in the desired location in your research:
 17. Taking screenshots in the minimized mode
 18. Sharing your research
 Every research that you create can be previewed online via a private link.
 Your online preview will look like this:
 If you like, you can share it with your friends by passing them the link.
 Note: Remember that the researches you make are not published anywhere and it's up to you whether you share them with someone or not.
 19. Collaborating in real-time
 You can invite your friend and work on the same reasearch.
 20. Didn't find the answer?
 Your question has been sent. Thank you.


Island leaf economics trait synthesis
Durée : 2021 - 2022
Programme : CEntre de Synthèse et d'Analyse sur la Biodiversité(CESAB) / LabEx CeMEB
Portée : Internationale
Islands harbor a unique and diverse flora that is currently threatened by biological invasions. Recent studies provide a framework to better quantify the functional aspects that make island natives unique and thus potentially vulnerable to continental invaders. However, these broad characteristics lack a mechanistic link to species growth strategies, which hampers our ability to predict how invasive continental species can displace island species. We propose a meta-analysis to better understand functional differences between island and continental plant species, which can help improve sciencebased decisions on conservation strategies.
 - University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa


Hitchhiker's bLOG (Revisited) – 2021.06.08
Lobster and Cat
(Originally Published 2019.04.30)
Several years ago, I visited the Guggenheim Museum and came across a painting that absolutely captivated me: Lobster and Cat by Pablo Picasso. This painting, completed in 1965, reveals the artist's sense of humor as he depicts aggression provoking fear. Here is what I see; A clash of two worlds.
Look at the surprise and defensive posture of the terrestrial dwelling feline as it suddenly finds itself face to face with the alien seafloor dwelling crustacean in an aggressive stance. Bristled tail, arched back, mouth agape, and claws unsheathed as it experiences antennae forward, head up, and tail flat. It is evident that neither animal understands what the other is; their instincts take over.
What if the lobster, who has entered the realm of the cat, didn't condemn the cat's world and instead taught the cat the struggles of being a lobster finding itself on land? What if the cat unhunched its back and sheathed its claws and just sat and listened and acknowledged the lobster's situation. Rather than telling the lobster it was an alien and did not belong on the land, the cat shared with the lobster the nature of cats. Imagine a world where a lobster could be free to be a lobster; exoskeleton, gills, coldblooded, and the whole nine yards. Imagine a world where the cat is respected for its cat-ness; mammalian fur, warm-blooded, air-breathing, the whole nine-lives.
If only the two animals respected each other's perspective, even if they disagree. Maybe both could come to see the beach as something shared; perhaps there is room in the land for both.
Wouldn't it be wonderful if, when confronted by a worldview that is different from our own, we could sit down, have a cup of coffee, and talk with and listen to one another? Wouldn't it be nice if we could teach rather than attack
You can decide if you are the lobster or the cat.
"So whatever you wish that others would do to you, do also to them, for this is the Law and the Prophets." Matt 7:12 ESV
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text:
For tax calculation, the law specifies that a business must deduct from an actual expense and must follow the regulation. Normally, a business which is a juristic person decides to calculate the tax from its net profit or be deductable at a lump-sum instead of actual expense.
For juristic person, the calculation for net profit is as follows;
Net profit for juristic person = (tax income - tax expenses)
This calculation derives from an amended item of net profit in accounting;
1. Tax revenue is a statement which is not recorded as an income for accounting principle, but it an income note for taxation principle; for example, a company's owner wants to take a loan from the company without any interest as the company is his own. Conversely, for tax law, there should be an interest for such loan as such money is the company's income, and the interest payment should not be lower than what specifies in the law.
2. Exempt revenue is some income unit. For the accounting principle it is considered as an income. However, for taxation principle it is not considered as an income. As a result, profit for taxation is lower than profit for accounting; for example, in case a dividend income from a limited company is calculated as a semi-income or the total amount is exempted.
3. Expense of forbidden expenditure is an expense occurred from of a business operation of juristic person, and it is recorded as an expense in an accounting period which such statement takes place. For taxation, however, this is not considered as an expense for net profit calculation. A limitation of expense for net profit calculation for a company or registered ordinary partnership as specified in Revenue Code.
4. Expense deductible at a greater amount is an expense statement that taxation principle specifies to deduct as an expense in a greater amount than accounting principle. As a result, profit for taxation is lower than accounting i.e. the more the expense in accounting is deducted, the double the expense in taxation is deducted.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
rocketArticle Free Pass
rocket, any of the 90 species of the genus Sisymbrium, of the mustard family (Brassicaceae), weedy plants with yellow flowers that are common in waste areas and fields of the Northern Hemisphere and mountains in the Southern Hemisphere. Rockets have long, thin seedpods and usually coarse, deeply cut, dandelion-like leaves. Eastern rocket (S. orientale), a European annual 30 to 60 cm (1 to 2 feet) tall, has long pods and clusters of small flowers at the stem tip. Hedge mustard (S. officinale), a Eurasian species with pods close to the stem, is naturalized in North America. S. altissimum is also naturalized in North America; it is a tumbleweed. The name rocket is also given to Barbarea vulgaris (see winter cress).
What made you want to look up "rocket"? Please share what surprised you most...

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Feminist Geography in Practice: Research and Methods
Editor: Pamela Moss
Chapter, Toward a More Fully Reflexive Feminist Geography, authored by Karen Falconer Al-Hindi, UNO faculty member.
This is the first feminist geography text devoted to methodology and provides a basic framework for students wishing to undertake gendered work in the discipline. Accessible yet intellectually challenging, it encourages readers to take on, think about, and do feminist research in geography and offers practical suggestions for going about it.
The text comprises original contributions from feminist geographers around the world who address all aspects of the research process from choosing a topic and designing a project, through to conducting interviews, doing cross-cultural ethnographic research and analysing data. The varied backgrounds of the contributors illustrate the powerful impact feminist geographers are having on research, both in geography and in feminism. The book also features substantial pedagogical material, developed with students in the classroom, and including discussion questions, group project initiatives, research project topics, and suggestions for practical research activities.
Geography and Geology
Moss, Pamela; Al-Hindi, Karen Falconer; and Kawabata, Hope, "Feminist Geography in Practice: Research and Methods" (2002). Faculty Books and Monographs. 315.


The time delay, space shift and widening of wave packet transmitted and reflected by structures with Bragg mirrors are investigated. The specific structures such as Bragg mirrors, resonators, and structures with chirp variation of thickness of the "period" are also considered. The calculation is carried out under the conditions that carrier frequency and incidence angle are in the vicinity of the Bragg resonance. Integral (mass center) and differential (group) estimates of the delay time and space shift are then compared. The conditions for the appearance of anomalous (negative) mass center delay or mass center shift (Goos-Hänchen shift) of the reflected wave packet are determined. The shape transformations of the wave packet illuminating periodic and quasiperiodic apodized Bragg reflectors are then considered. Spatial apodization of permittivity contrast yields much smaller shape deformation of the transmitted wave packet upon incidence at angles and carrier frequency near the edges of reflection band, as well in the Bragg reflection band, in comparison with the phenomena in similar periodic structures. The values of group delay for layered structures with a small chirp variation of optical (electrical) thickness of the period along longitudinal coordinates are experimentally obtained in microwave range.
d-2-1-down
(a)
d-2-2-down
(b)
d-2-3-down
(c)
d-2-4-down
(d)
The reflection of the wave packet from Bragg resonators: (a) is the envelope of incident wave packet; (b) is the wave packet envelope reflected by an asymmetric Bragg resonator with far location of the resonance layer; (c) is the wave packet envelope reflected by an asymmetric Bragg resonator with near location of the resonance layer; (d) is the wave packet envelope reflected by symmetric Bragg resonator.
Negative values of group delay and group shift for packet are inherent to asymmetric Bragg resonators and observed under the condition that a resonance thickness layer is located closer to the end of a structure. In the case of large wave packet durations and extents, integral and deferential packet estimates take approximately equal values. Center mass delay and center mass shift have anomalous values via packet distortions: widening, variation of asymmetry, coefficient of kurtosis.
Significant relative reduction of the side maximum level can be achieved by spatial permeability contrast apodization of multilayer structures. It provides a much smaller distortion of the reflected or transmitted wave packet with the angle of incidence and carrier frequency near the edge of the Bragg band reflection in comparison with similar periodic structures.
For the pulses with insufficient frequency localization, neither group delay nor center mass delay can be used as a unique estimate of delay time of the transmitted and reflected pulses under Bragg structures irradiation.
Languages: Matlab
______________________________
"The standard definition of AI is that which we don't understand."
Bill Joy


Grinding Vs Milling Steel
tel: 0086-371-86162511
Wechat ID: LMZG_service
Emaill: [email protected]
Address: No.169, Science (Kexue) Avenue,
National HI-TECH Industry Development Zone, Zhengzhou, China
Milling vs Grinding: What's the Difference? Monroe
While they both involve the physical removal of material from a workpiece, milling and grinding aren't the same. The former machining process is characterized by the use of a milling machine, whereas the latter machining process is characterized by the use of a grinding wheel.
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Milling Vs Grinding Custom Milling & Consulting
13/3/2014 Breaking down and reducing particles in a liquid medium or slurry is referred to by two different terms, milling or grinding. There is a minimal difference between the two terms and it depends on what area of the world you are located in or what industry you are working in.
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Grinding vs. Milling Str8brand
The milling chamber and screens are made with food-grade (304) stainless steel, and the outside is made with aircraft-grade (6061) aluminum. This makes the STR8 Mill Grinder one of the safest cannabis grinders with no worries of aluminum shavings in your bud.
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What is the difference between grinding and milling? Quora
Grinding and milling refer to the same thing, although grinding is generally used to refer to process and a "mill" the equipment that undertakes the grinding. In many metallurgical processes the first step before any separation of valuable and barren components is attempted is known as comminution.
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Economical and technological study of surface grinding
1/8/2012 Cost and productivity comparison of surface grinding vs. face milling for flat surfaces on hardened tool steel AISI D3 (60–62 HRC). Current study process plan G surface grinding (Al 2
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(PDF) Process planning for flat surfaces on hardened steel
Surface grinding and face milling experimentation was conducted on cold work steel AISI D3 / JIS TON1 / DIN 1.2080 (with hardness of 60 HRc) with aluminum oxide grinding wheels and coated tungsten
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What is the difference between grind and mill? WikiDiff
As verbs the difference between grind and mill is that grind is to reduce to smaller pieces by crushing with lateral motion or grind can be brawl, fight, wrangle over while mill is to grind or otherwise process in a mill or other machine. As nouns the difference between grind and mill
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Milling and Grinding Services Oliver Steel Plate
Milling and Grinding Tolerance In flamecutting and sawcutting of steel plate, we define tolerances for the dimensions of the cut shape or profile. Squareness of the cut is also important. Finishing the surface of the part by milling or grinding brings
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Grinding Vs Machining in Aerospace Norton Abrasives
12/2/2018 Grinding vs. Machining Assumed Milling Parameters Aerospace turning When considering replacing a traditional process with grinding, it is important to understand that the feasibility depends more on how the part and wheel contact each other than on geometry.
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Machining vs. Grinding abmart
Bi Zhang, October 13, 2004 Machining vs. Grinding Machining is the material removal process that shears/damages the material. D Workpiece Chip Bi Zhang, October 13, 2004 Introduction to Machining Chip removal temperature vs. machining speed0 _PHONE_
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text:
What do these NAT errors mean?
If the Connectify Troubleshooter displays errors or warnings related to Network Address Translation (NAT), try the fixes below for each one:
The NAT is not running
This error is rare, and means that the Internet sharing service of the hotspot is not running even though the hotspot is broadcasting and accepting clients. To correct this issue, please try:
- Stop and restart Connectify Hotspot.
- Check that Connectify Hotspot is not being blocked by antivirus or security software. Make sure that Connectifyd.exe and ConnectifyService.exe are not blocked from running. As an alternative, try temporarily disabling any antivirus or security software to check if it is interfering with Connectify.
Learn more about configuring Connectify Hotspot to work with firewall and security software at _URL_
- In worst case scenarios, you may have to uninstall your antivirus or security software suite. We recognize this step leaves your computer unprotected. However, it is a crucial step in some cases. And in those cases, it quickly eliminates or confirms a conflict between the antivirus or security software program and Connectify Hotspot. With the availability of numerous antivirus or security software products, getting rid of the problem and installing one that works is a relatively easy solution to pesky issues.
- Restart your computer
The NAT does not have a valid upstream (internet) configuration.
The configured 'Internet to Share' device either couldn't be found, or its properties could not be read. This would result in no Internet access for hotspot clients. To correct this issue, please try the following:
- Check that you selected an active Internet connection to share.
Learn more about the 'Internet to Share' options at _URL_
- Stop and restart the hotspot.
- Restart your computer.
The NAT does not have a valid downstream (hotspot) configuration.
The hotspot adapter's properties could not be read. This would either lead to no Internet access for clients, or clients may not be able to connect to the hotspot. To correct this issue, please try:
- If using Wired Router Mode, check that the Share Over dropdown is selecting the desired adapter.
Learn more on Wired Router Mode at _URL_
- Stop and restart the hotspot
- Restart your computer


Prayer Wheels
Showing all 4 products
About Buddhist Prayer Wheels:
A Buddhist Prayer Wheel is a hollow cylinder made of wood, metal, leather or coarse cotton. The mantra "Om Mani Padme Hum" is traditionally embossed on the wheel. The mantra is particularly associated with "Shadakshari" form of legendary "Avalokiteshvara". As Dalai Lama is believed to do the incarnation of Avalokiteshvara so the mantra is specially respected by his devotees. Primarily used by Buddhists of Tibet and Nepal as hand held prayer wheels, it is believed that spinning a prayer wheel is as effective as reciting sacred text aloud.
The idea of spinning mantras originated from various Tantric practices where the mantras are visualized revolving around the "nadis" and meridian charkas such as brain and heart. The wheel is spinned clockwise with compassion and devotion. The practitioner should keep calm, meditative mind and repeat the mantra as many times as possible while spinning the prayer wheel to develop wisdom, "bodhichitta" (full enlightenment for benefit of all beings) and compassion. As per myth – spinning the wheel by one revolution evokes 50 blessing.
Inside the prayer wheel there is a scroll with the same mantra repeated fifty times. The prayer wheels come in different sizes and types. Some are small, attached to stick and made to spin by hand. Medium sizes are found at monasteries near the gate, devotees spin the wheel before passing gates. There are larger prayer wheels turned by flowing water. The water touched by the wheel is believed to be sacred.
Many Buddhists believe that prayer wheel is "Wheel of Law" that has been set in motion by The Buddha.


text:
8 Reading Problems Caused by Vision Problems
This video shows where a poor reader was looking when she was reading.
- Reversing letters like b and d
- Skipping words and lines when reading
- Very poor spelling
- Difficulty copying off the board
- Words appear to move, or are blurry or double
- Not understanding what was read
- Reading slowly
- Getting eyestrain or tired when reading
Reversing letters is caused by erratic eye movements when reading. Eyes wobbling - constantly moving left to right, and right to left. So they read 'b' both from left to right and from right to left - which is what makes it look like a 'd'.
Because their eyes move too much, it's very easy for them to skip words and lines.
Errratic eye movements mean they don't look at every letter when they read. You can read if you only look at a few letters in a word. But to spell correctly you need to remember every letter.
Copying off the board requires looking at the board, then at your paper, then back again. If it is hard to control your eye movements and focus, then it will be hard to go back to the correct place.
Most poor readers have focus issues. When one eye is looking at one letter, the other eye is looking at a different letter. This means their brain receives two images at the same time. If the brain alternates which image to process, it causes the text to appear to move.
Alternatively the brain can take the two images and use both of them, which makes the words look blurry or double.
Fluent readers look at around 150 points per minute when reading. But poor readers look at around 1,000 - mostly in the wrong place. So they spend a lot of brain power filtering out the wrong points. Then they don't have enough processing power left to understand what they've read.
Because they make too many eye movements it takes their brain a long time to realise what the next letter / word should be. So they keep rescanning the text until their brain can make sense of it.
When you read, you need to refocus your eyes every time they move. For a poor reader this can be around 1,000 times per minute. No wonder it is tiring and can cause sore eyes.
Play Engaging Eyes to improve all these reading problems. Engaging Eyes is a set of online vision training games that helps both the excessive eye movements, and the visual focus issues, that cause these problems.
It contains 3D games which require you to focus both eyes on the same point. And it contains eye tracking games which train you to make the right eye movements.
Play Engaging Eyes daily to improve all of the above symptoms - and improve reading speed, accuracy and comprehension.
- Takes 10 minutes to play.
- Can be played on any PC or Mac.
- Suitable for ages 5+


Daily Trivia: The Giant Weta, One of Earth's Largest Insect
Shutterstock
One of the largest species of insects on Earth is the giant weta, a creature that outsizes nearly all other bugs and even some species of rodents. The insect is a native of New Zealand, and is the namesake for Weta Workshop, the prop and special effects house that worked on the Lord of the Rings films.
The God of Ugly Things
The weta's name is something of an honorific. In the Maori language, "wetapunga" means "the God of All Ugly Things". This is rather accurate when you look at the massive insect: it's essentially a gigantic grasshopper.
This is also reflected in the name of the weta's genus, deinacrida, translates to "terrible grasshopper". While we wouldn't call the weta "terrible" or "ugly" to its face, the intense naming speaks to how much respect the bug commands.
The Heaviest Insect
While the weta isn't exactly the biggest insect on the planet (that honor is contested by a number of species), it is certainly the heaviest of insects.
It can weigh up to 2.5 ounces, a massive amount for an insect. This puts them as being heavier than many species of small rodents, like mice and gerbils.
Giant Weta Can't Jump
Despite their visual similarity to grasshoppers, giant weta are incapable of jumping. Due to their massive size, they're not able to leap or fly like many of their cousins in the insect world.
Tree weta, for instance, are much lighter and are capable of jumping and gliding. The giant weta, however, relies on its massive size to fend off predators, and has no need for fleeing in most scenarios.
Family Tree
The giant weta is far from the only weta bug in the world. In New Zealand, there are over 70 cousin species of weta that are closely related to the giant weta.
These range from similarly massive insects to smaller, more normal-looking bugs. Tree and cave weta are common in the wilderness of New Zealand, while tusked weta strikes an imposing figure.
Favorite Food
The giant weta's favorite food, as well documented in a viral image, is carrots. A popular image shows researcher Mark Moffett feeding an extremely large specimen of giant weta a carrot, as the insect happily chomps down on the vegetable.
Since the image became popular in 2011, it has become common to see insect enthusiasts feeding the massive bugs their preferred snack.
Above all, weta are fascinating mascots of New Zealand, showing that big personality can be found even in insects.


text:
Counting the cost of 'virtual water'
Even if you use water sparingly and take 3 minute showers, you could be using much more than your fair share of water.
90% of the water we use each day comes from our food, so if you waste food or make the wrong choices in the supermarket, you could be wasting water.
Professor Tony Allan is a global water expert, and developed the influential concept of 'virtual water' to quantify the quantities of water embedded in food and other commodities.
He joined RN Drive to discuss the role water plays in food supply chains and the problems faced by farmers producing food.
- Professor Tony Allan
- Global water expert from of Kings College, London
- Georgia Moodie


) NSTimeInterval animationDuration;
The duration over which the animationImages sequence will play. This is measured in seconds and defaults to the number of animation frames divided by 30 (i.e. 30 frames-per-second). This value is automatically set whenever the animationImages array is updated, so remember to set this after you set the animationImages property.
@property (nonatomic, assign) NSInteger animationRepeatCount;
The number of times the animation will repeat. Defaults to zero, which causes the animation to repeat indefinitely until the stopAnimating method is called.
@property (nonatomic, assign) CATransform3D imageTransform;
A 3D transform to apply to the image. This can be used to center, scale or rotate the image. This can be useful for implementing pinch to zoom/rotate functionality. It is more efficient to transform the image using this property than to transform the entire view using the view.transform or view.layer.transform properties.
GLImageView methods
- (GLImageView *)initWithImage:(GLImage *)image;
This method creates a GLImageView containing the specified image and sets the view frame to match the image size.
- (void)startAnimating;
Inherited from GLView, this method starts the animationImages sequence. Playback always starts from the first frame. Calling play when the animation is already playing will start it again from the beginning.
- (void)stopAnimating;
This method stops the animation sequence. Once stopped, the sequence can not be resumed, only started again from the beginning.
- (BOOL)isAnimating;
This method returns YES if the animationImages sequence is currently playing.
GLModel methods
+ (GLModel *)modelNamed:(NSString *)nameOrPath;
This method loads the model file specified by the nameOrPath paramater and returns a GLModel. The model is cached so that any subsequent modelNamed calls for the same file will return the exact same copy of the model. In a low memory situation, this cache will be cleared.
The name can include a file extension. If it doesn't, .obj is assumed. The name may also include a full or partial file path. Like the GLImage imageNamed: function, modelNamed: can load models outside of the application bundle, such as from the application documents folder. However, because these models are cached, it is unwise to load models in this way if they are likely to be replaced or deleted while the app is running, as this may result in unexpected behaviour.
+ (GLModel *)modelWithContentsOfFile:(NSString *)path;
- (GLModel *)initWithContentsOfFile:(NSString *)path;
These methods load a GLModel from a file. The path parameter can be a full or partial path. For partial paths it is assumed that the path is relative to the application resource folder. The format is inferred from the file extension; Currently only .obj (Wavefront) and .model (Apple's GLEssentials sample code model format) files are accepted. Models loaded in this way are not cached or de-duplicated in any way. Note that is is also possible to use the @2x and ~ipad filename suffixes to specify different models for different devices, which is useful if you wish to provide more detailed models for higher-end devices.
- (GLModel *)initWithContentsOfFile:(NSString *)path;
- (GLModel *)initWithData:(NSData *)data;
These methods initialise a model with data. The format of the data should match the contents of one of the supported file formats.
- (void)draw;
Renders the model in the current GLView. In practice you may wish to configure the OpenGL state for the model before calling draw, e.g. by setting a texture image to use for the rendering. See the GLModelView layoutSubviews method for an example.
GLModelView properties
@property (nonatomic, strong) GLModel *model;
The model that will be rendered by the view.
@property (nonatomic, strong) GLImage *texture;
A GLImage that will be used to texture the model. The model must have texture coordinates defined in order for the texture to be applied correctly.
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIColor *blendColor;
A color to blend with the model texture. This can be used to tint the model or modify its opacity. If no texture image is specified, the model will be flat-shaded in this color.
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSArray *lights;
An array of GLLight objects used to illuminate the model. By default this array contains a single white light positioned above and to the left of the object. You can set up to eight lights, although increasing the number of lights has a negative impact on performance. Setting an empty array is equivalent to having a single ambient white light.
@property (nonatomic, assign) CATransform3D modelTransform;
A 3D transform to apply to the model. This can be used to center, scale or rotate the model to fit the view frame. See the example project for how this can be used.
GLLight properties
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIColor *ambientColor;
The ambient light color. This color is used to illuminate the object uniformly. Defaults to black (off).
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIColor *diffuseColor;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIColor *specularColor;
The diffuse and specular light colors. These illuminate the object in a directional fashion, eminating from the position specified by the transform. These default to white (full brightness).
@property (nonatomic, assign) CATransform3D transform;
The transform property controls the position of the light. Currently only the position/translation part of the transform is used. Rotation and scale properties are ignored. Use CATransform3DMakeTranslation(x, y, z) to set a suitable value. The default translation is (0, 0, 1), which is typically behind the camera, or between the camera and the scene being viewed.
GLLight methods
- (void)bind:(GLuint)light;
This method binds the GLLight to a particular light in the scene. The light parameter is an OpenGL constant representing the light index, where GL_LIGHT0 is the first available light, and GL_LIGHT7 is typically the last available light.
Image file suffixes
iOS has a clever mechanism for managing multiple versions of assets by using file suffixes. The first iPad introduced the ~ipad suffix for specifying ipad-specific versions of files (e.g. foo~ipad.png). The iPhone 4 introduced the @2x suffix for managing double-resolution images for Retina displays (e.g. _EMAIL_). With the 3rd generation iPad you can combine these to have Retina-quality iPad images (e.g. foo@2x~ipad.png).
GLImage supports the @2x and ~ipad suffixes automatically, so if you attempt to load an image called foo.png, GLImage will automatically look for _EMAIL_ on a Retina iPhone and foo~ipad.png on an iPad, etc. These suffixes also work when loading ImageMap plists and 3D model files, so you can provider higher-res versions for Retina displays.
This is an elegant solution for apps, but is sometimes insufficient for games because, unlike apps, hybrid games often share near-identical interfaces on iPhone and iPad, with the assets and interface elements simply scaled up, and this means that the standard definition iPad and Retina resolution iPhone need to use the same images.
Naming your images with the @2x suffix works for iPhone but not iPad, and naming them with the ~ipad suffix works for iPad but not iPhone, which forces you to either duplicate identical assets with different filenames, or to write your own file loading logic.
The -hd suffix is a concept introduced by the Cocos2D library to solve the problem of wanting to use the same @2x graphics for both the iPhone Retina display and the iPad standard definition display by using the same -hd filename suffix for both.
The GLView library has no built-in support for the -hd suffix, however if you include the StandardPaths library (_URL_ in your project, GLView will use this library to automatically add support for the -hd suffix to GLImage, GLImageMap and GLModel, as well as other suffixes supported by the StandardPaths library, such as -568h for iPhone 5-specific assets.
PVR images
The PVR image format is a special proprietary image format used by the PowerVR graphics chip in iOS devices. PVR images load quicker and can take up less space in memory than PNGs, so they can be very useful for apps that need to load and display a lot of images.
Due to the rapid loading, they can also be streamed off disk


text:
The MacArthur Foundation announced the recipients of its annual $625,000 fellowships—popularly known as "genius grants"—including authors N.K. Jemisin, Tressie McMillan Cottom, Cristina Rivera Garza, and Jacqueline Woodson.
Jemisin, whose most recent novel is The City We Became, was cited by the foundation for "pushing against the conventions of epic science fiction and fantasy genres while exploring deeply human questions about structural racism, environmental crises, and familial relationships."
Sociologist MacMillan Cottom (Thick and Other Essays) was awarded a grant for "shaping discourse on highly topical issues at the confluence of race, gender, education, and digital technology for broad audiences."
Texas-based author Rivera Garza (Grieving) won a fellowship for "exploring culturally constructed notions of language, memory, and gender from a transnational perspective."
Woodson, the National Book Award–winning author of Brown Girl Dreaming, was praised by the foundation for "redefining children's and young adult literature to encompass more complex issues and reflect the lives of Black children, teenagers, and families."
Other authors to be honored by the foundation this year include playwright Larissa FastHorse, anthropologist Mary L. Gray, sociologist Forrest Stuart, historian Natalia Molina, critic and poet Fred Moten, and environmental health advocate Catherine Coleman Flowers (Waste).
The MacArthur grants have been given out each year since 1981. Past authors to win the fellowships have included Cormac McCarthy, Charles Simic, Jorie Graham, Anne Carson, and Valeria Luiselli.
Michael Schaub is a Texas-based journalist and regular contributor to NPR.


Laughing Yoga
Mindwell 4All
Breathing + Mindfulness + Yoga
A course that will allow you to gain greater control over your thoughts and emotions, increased empathy, and the reduction or elimination of long-standing physical pain. Students also learn foundational skills of mindfulness, yoga, and breathing that prepare them for more advanced courses in the future.
 1. 1 live Zoom session per week
 2. 1 weekly email with tips to help relieve stress and anxiety, fortify resilience and cultivate your well-being and equanimity.
 3. This class will have a monthly membership fee of $30.00 and meet every Monday at 8 a.m. PST
Laughing Yoga


text:
Efficiency survival level builds on the Core level and makes you:
- More effective in planning
- Improves your time management
- Decreases your energy use, saves calories
- Extends the time you are able to survive
- Improves safety
- Enhances ability to get out or get rescued
Gear in this Level, some examples:
- Personal Survival Blanket – for enhanced safety
- Sven Saw – Small lightweight and very effective
- Personal Survival Tarp – Much faster shelter and is mobile
- Personal Survival Shelter – The most effective personal shelter available
- Speedy Stitcher – For easy lasting repairs to clothing, packs, shelter
- Basic purchased and configured hunting devices
The Efficiency level does not take anything away from the Core, but rather builds upon it, in other words when you build an Efficiency level of gear you don't leave the Core home, the Core is part of both the Efficiency level and the Comfort level. As these levels are built you will see that most items have several uses or purposes or can be used in assistance to another item.
The Efficiency survival items are very critical, particularly if the time out is extended or if conditions are brutal. One of the purposes of this level is to conserve energy, which lessens the quantities of food needed. Every action the body performs causes muscles and organs to burn calories, which of course are obtained from food or energy storage in the body itself. If you have a saw you are able to cut firewood or build shelter while burning much less energy. A byproduct of this conservation is avoidance of exhaustion. A person may build a personal shelter of raw materials in 3 or 4 hours, expending perhaps 1000 calories, or a Personal Survival Tarp or Personal Survival Shelter may provide the same shelter in 15 minutes burning 100 calories.


Understanding Media
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man
Author Marshall McLuhan
Country Canada
Language English
Subject(s) Media theory
Publisher McGraw-Hill
Release date 1964
Pages 318 pp (first edition)
ISBN 81-14-67535-7
Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man is a 1964 book by Marshall McLuhan. It was a pioneering study in media theory. McCluhan was a Professor of literature who was deeply interested in the way media had changed society.
The book proposes that media themselves affect their content in important ways. It is an attempt to understand how changing media have affected society. McLuhan suggests that media play a role, not by the content delivered, but by the characteristics of the medium itself.
McLuhan pointed to the light bulb as an example. A light bulb does not have content in the way that a newspaper has articles or a television has programs, but it is a medium that has a social effect. The light bulb lets people do things at nighttime which would be impossible in darkness. He describes the light bulb as a medium without any content. McLuhan states that "a light bulb creates an environment by its mere presence".[1]
More controversially, he thought that content had little effect on society — for example, it did not matter if television broadcasts children's shows or violent programming — the effect of television on society would be identical. He noted that all media have characteristics that engage the viewer in different ways; for instance, a passage in a book could be reread at will, but a movie had to be screened again in its entirety to study any individual part of it.[2] He made the point that reading, by its very nature, is a sequential medium. One reads it in a sequence. On the other hand, a medium like film presents information more holistically. There is a kind of "all at once-ness" about films and television.
The book is the source of the well-known phrase "The medium is the message". It was a leading indicator of the upheaval of local cultures by increasingly globalized values. The book's influence spread much further than academics, writers, and social theorists. It was widely read.[3] It became a corner-stone in media studies courses.[4][5]
References[change | change source]


Weighted Congestion Games - Existence, Efficiency and Complexity of pure Nash equilibria
January 15, 2021, Zoom
Martin Gairing
Liverpool, Computer Science
Congestion games provide us with a general model that is expressive enough to capture a number of otherwise unrelated applications - including routing, network design, and the migration of species. Yet they are structured enough to permit a useful theory. A congestion game consists of a ground set of resources, and each strategy of a player is to select a subset of them (e.g., a path in a network). Each resource has a univariate cost function that depends on the load induced by the players that use it, and each player aspires to minimize the sum of the resources' costs in its chosen strategy. In this talk we focus on the fundamental model of weighted congestion games, where each player has a weight and the load of a resource depends on the sum of the weights of the players that use it. In this talk, we will - review results on the efficiency of the resulting Nash equilibria, - quantify how much we have to relax the concept of pure Nash equilibria to guarantee their existence, - discuss complexity questions with respect to the existence and computation of Nash equilibria. The bulk of the talk will be based on the following papers: - _URL_ (ICALP 2020) - _URL_ (ICALP 2018)
Speaker's Bio
Martin is Head of the Economics and Computation Research Group and Deputy Head of the Computer Science Department at the University of Liverpool. Before joining Liverpool in 2009, Martin completed his PhD at the University of Paderborn in 2006 and a postoctoral fellowship at the International Computer Science Institute (ICSI) in Berkeley under the supervision of Richard Karp.
Martin's expertise lies in the area of Algorithmic Game theory, which is at intersection of Theoretical Computer Science and Economic Game Theory. His research shaped the theory of congestion games, a fundamental model for selfish behaviour in networks. In particular, Martin is well known for his contributions on quantifying the inefficiency of Nash equilibria in congestion games.
Martin applied game theoretic concepts also to other fields. E.g., he contributed to the design of improved approximation algorithms for scheduling problems, general covering problems, network design problems, and reachability problems.


text:
Note: Udemy FREE coupon codes are valid for maximum 3 days only. Look for "Get Coupon" blue button at the end of Description.
Creating basic flat design illustrations in Canva for Social Media Posts and Video Thumbnails
Discover how to create the prevalent basic flat design illustrations that are on social media posts, blog posts, video thumbnails and more! During this course you'll create create a coffee cup. a stack of memos, and a cell phone. This Is A Basic Graphic Design For Beginners Using Free Software Course. Throughout this course you'll learn to:
Create a thumbnail image for videos
Create an image for social media posts
Learn the basics of using Canva
Learn about composition, color design, and layout in flat imagery
No prior knowledge or experience is required
This Course Is Taught In English.


text:
Borghese Gardens Seed Catalog Tree Seedling and Bulb Emporium
A catalog of heirloom seeds, seedlings and bulbs from the 17th Century Villa Borghese (Secret Gardens)
in Rome. Working from the original lists of rare and unusual flowers, trees, herbs, fruits, vegetables, and plants
carried back to Rome from the explorers of the Americas...
... the restoration of the Villa Borghese to its seventeenth-century appearance was begun in 1997
and has been based on extensive historical research of numerous documents preserved in the Borghese
family archives at the Vatican. Among the most important recent projects has been the refurbishment of the secret gardens known as the
Flower Garden, the Garden of Blooms and Views, and the Garden of the Bitter Oranges.
Using this historical information the designs of the gardens were reconstructed with flowers used for the original plantings.
Within the three gardens, more than 250 varieties of plants permit three rounds of
seasonal flowering that include rare and precious flowers that have disappeared from Roman gardens and
have been reintroduced for the first time. These include such flowers as fritillaries, numerous varieties of
antique tulips, old roses, many aromatic plants, and flowers such as the sunflower, marigolds, and
four o'clocks that were rarities in the seventeenth century because of their recent importation from the
Americas. The gardens thus have returned to their original state as true living museums.
The entire Borghese Gardens park was organized on a formal, symmetrical plan with lanes and small squares lined with
statues and fountains. The giardini segreti (secret gardens) located on either side of casino were the most important and
well-tended of the gardens. Since the Renaissance, secret gardens, whose roots lie in the kitchen gardens of Medieval convents,
have been a common garden type. Their name is an allusion to the fact that they are enclosed by walls that form outdoor rooms,
thereby creating a private passage from the closed, interior spaces to the open air of the surrounding park. Alberta Campitelli
Seedlings from DirectGardening:
The Borghese Gardens in Rome were built in 1605, when Cardinal Scipione Borghese converted the
existing vineyards into one of the largest landscape gardens in all of Rome.
Scipione Borghese was nephew to Camillo Borghese - Pope Paul V - who oversaw the completion of St Peter's Basillica at the Vatican.
When you visit Rome be sure to look for the name inscribed at the main entrance portico. It reads BVRGHESIVS - Latin for Borghese.
"Borghese" at the Vatican
Borghese Gardens "Temple of Aesculapius"
In Rome, Pope Paul V (Camillo Borghese) financed the completion of St. Peter's Basilica, and improved the
Vatican Library. He restored the Aqua Traiana, an ancient Roman Aqueduct (named after him Acqua Paola),
bringing water to the rioni located on right bank of the Tiber (Trastevere and Borgo).
Like many Popes of the time he was also allegedly guilty of nepotism, and his nephew Scipione Borghese wielded
enormous power on his behalf, consolidating the rise of the Borghese family. Paul V also established the Bank of the Holy Spirit in 1605.
Emporium (medieval Latin from Greek emporos ='merchant') is a term used for a store selling a wide variety of goods,
and for marketplaces or trading centres in ancient cities (see emporia (ancient Greece) and emporia (early medieval)).


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Bizzare & Odd
A chicken in Brazil laid an egg with a text message
A chicken in Brazil laid an egg with a text message 3
This happened in the municipality of Ceará, Brazil. According to, a stunned farmer named Raimundo Aluceno came to the local newspaper and demanded that the jounalists send the best scientists to the poultry farm. The reason for this was one of his birds, which laid a somewhat abnormal egg.
A chicken in Brazil laid an egg with a text message 4
Raimundo has long been engaged in his business and has seen everything. But for the chicken to lay an egg with some mysterious symbols – this is what he sees for the first time.
First, our hero shared the discovery with his neighbors, who, too, were stunned. Then at a meeting of the villagers, it was decided to send Raimundo to the scientists to explain this strange phenomenon.
Unfortunately, he did not reach the scientists, however, the TV channel Monólitos, broadcasting in Portuguese, became interested in the incident. The journalists went to the place and checked everything, after which they took a short interview from Raimundo.
The egg turned out to be real, not fake, and now no one knows how to interpret this event. The opinions of people are divided.
So, many people think that aliens are to blame for everything, since Brazil is a continuous anomalous zone. But why did aliens need this? Is this some kind of joke or message left to people?
On the other hand, many see the divine sign in everything. Moreover, since the symbols more closely resemble to numbers, not letters, believers see this as the date of prophecy about the Apocalypse.
Advertisement. Scroll to continue reading.
The situation with this egg is funny on one hand, and not on the the other. Why it is not funny can be understood if we recall that many cultures of the world are engaged in coloring eggs – they draw some patterns, inscriptions and so on.
All this, of course, could be some kind of witchcraft, whose roots go back to times about which nothing is known. But, apparently, there was some reason for the ancient people to make inscriptions on chicken eggs.
Maybe the ancients really had some sacred birds through which some forces transmitted messages to people, painting something on the shell. Then the messages ceased and the people themselves began to draw some patterns, repeating a forgotten ritual.
If this assumption is correct, then probably these ancient and forgotten times are returning and now many birds in the world will be carrying some quotes and valuable advice, so we follow the development of events.
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This is a truth that Japanese knives are most sharpen than Western.Yes! This is sourcing from demand by professionals. Western manufacturer are targeting to home kitchens. This is opinion from us! So! The major Western chef knife makers make a lot of compromises regarding the quality of the knife in order to please even the lowest common denominator of consumers. Just as modern tomatoes have been developed to be beautiful and uniform on the shelf, and have lost some of their original rich flavor, so too have the compromises made by Western knife brands hurt the performance of your knives.
The first and perhaps most significant compromise, is steel, which is the heart of the knife. The steels used by many leading European companies are steels designed to maximize rust resistance and deal with abuse on the part of the user (such as throwing into the sink, grinding in cheap appliances, spending the night in a glass of water, etc.) which severely impairs the performance of their knives. European steels are much softer than their Japanese counterparts. The harder the steel, the greater the sharpness of the blade that the knife can reach. But because harder steel is harder to grind at home and unprofessional and more vulnerable to damage as a result of abuse, Western manufacturers have compromised on performance and chosen to produce soft steel chef knives that offer much less performance. The Japanese knives, on the other hand, are built as a hard-cutting steel sandwich between two layers of shock-absorbing soft steel, a technology whose roots lie directly in forging the katana swords, thus enabling much better performance. Hardness is measured on the Rockwell scale - in the HRC ranks. The leading manufacturers in Europe produce knives with a grade of 52-58 HRC, while the Japanese manufacturers work with steels that reach grades of 60-65, and sometimes also 66+ HRC. To illustrate the difference - a Japanese knife with a rating of 62 HRC is more difficult than a Western knife with a rating of 58 HRC by 46%, a huge difference. As we have noted, it is important to remember that harder knives are more fragile and not built to withstand abuse and use with excessive force. It is therefore advisable for those switching from a western knife to a Japanese knife to exercise discretion while using the knife and re-learn the force required to make a cut, not to apply unnecessary force to the blade unnecessarily, nor to rotate the blade during cutting of hard raw materials like pumpkin for example. It is important to remember that harder knives are more fragile and not built to withstand abuse and use with excess force. It is therefore advisable for those switching from a western knife to a Japanese knife to exercise discretion while using the knife and re-learn the force required to make a cut, not to apply unnecessary force to the blade unnecessarily, nor to rotate the blade during cutting of hard raw materials like pumpkin for example.
The second major compromise is at an angle to which the western blade of the knife is sharpened. The blade usually comes at an angle of 25 degrees, and sometimes even duller. This means that if we connect the two sides of the blade, we get a total angle of 50 degrees. Western companies make a blade that is resistant to damage, which is why many of the unprofessional users who purchase these knives do not keep their knives - store them scattered in a drawer, sharpen them with cheap electrical appliances, cut them on a glass board and throw them into the sink at the end of work. Match the knives to the "worst" consumer, in order to maximize market share and reduce complaints and returns. A professional or in-house cook, looking for a knife with performance, will have a hard time enjoying such a knife., Cutting accuracy, The freshness and texture of food is an uncompromising issue in Japan. The Japanese mentality is aimed at maximum performance no matter what. Therefore, stainless steels that have conquered the West have not succeeded in Japan, certainly not in professional kitchens, where they are almost non-existent (For information on types of steels ). Japanese manufacturers make knives at a 12-degree angle, that is, 24 total angles.


=> 'Vehicle',
 has => [
 passenger_count => { is => 'Integer', default_value => 0 },
 transmission_type => { is => 'String',
 valid_values => ['manual','automatic','cvt'] },
 ],
 };
 my $car = Car->create(color => 'blue',
 serial_number => 'abc123',
 transmission_type => 'manual');
 Here we define another class called Car. It inherits from Vehicle, meaning that all the
 properties that apply to Vehicle instances also apply to Car instances. In addition, Car
 instances have two new properties. passenger_count has a default value of 0, and
 transmission_type is constrained to three possible values.
 More class properties
 Besides property definitions, there are other things that can be specified in a class
 definition.
 is Used to name the parent class(es). Single inheritance can be specified by just listing
 the name of the parent class as a string. Multiple inheritance is specified by an
 arrayref containing the parent class names. If no 'is' is listed, then the class will
 inherit from 'UR::Entity'
 doc A single string to list some short, useful documentation about the class.
 data_source
 A string to list the data source ID. For classes with no data_source, the only objects
 get() can return are those that had previously been instantiated with create() or
 define() earlier in the program, and they do not get saved anywhere during a commit().
 They do, however, exist in the object cache during the program's execution.
 data_source can also be a hashref to define a data source in line with the class
 definition. See below for more information about "Inline Data Sources".
 table_name
 When the class' data source is some kind of database, "table_name" Specifies the name
 of the table where this class' data is stored to.
 select_hint
 Some relational databases use hints as a way of telling the query optimizer to behave
 differently than usual. These hints are specified inside comments like this:
 /* the hint */ If the class is the primary class of a query, and it has a hint,
 then the hint will appear after the word 'select' in the SQL.
 join_hint
 If the class is part of a query where it is joined, then its hint will be added to the
 hints already part of the query. The primary table's hint will be first, followed by
 the joined class' hints in the order they are joined. All the hints are separated by
 a single space.
 is_abstract
 A flag indicating that no instances of this class may be instantiated, instead it is
 used as a parent of other classes.
 sub_classification_method_name
 Holds the name of a method that is called whenever new instances of the class are
 loaded from a data source. This method will be called with two arguments: the name of
 the class the get() was called on, and the object instance being loaded. The method
 should return the complete name of a subclass the object should be blessed into.
 sub_classification_property_name
 Works like 'sub_classification_method_name', except that the value of the property is
 directly used to subclass the loaded object.
 Properties properties
 "ur show properties UR::Object::Property" will print out an exhaustive list of all the
 properties of a Class Property. A class' properties are declared in the 'id_by' or one of
 the 'has' sections. Some of the more important ones:
 class_name
 The name of the class this property belongs to.
 property_name
 The name of the property. 'property_name' and 'class_name' do not actually appear in
 the hashref that defines the property inside a class definition, though they are
 properties of UR::Object::Property instances.
 is Specifies the data type of this property. Basic types include 'String', 'Integer',
 'Float'. Relationships between classes are defined by having the name of another
 class here. See the Relationships section of UR::Manual::Cookbook for more
 information.
 Object properties do not normally hold Perl references to other objects, but you may
 use 'ARRAY' or 'HASH' here to indicate that the object will store the reference
 directly. Note that these properties are not usually saveable to outside data
 sources.
 data_type
 A synonym for 'is'
 len Specifies the maximum length of the data, usually in bytes.
 doc A space for useful documentation about the property
 default_value
 The value a property will have if it is not specified when the object is created. If
 used on a property that is 'via' another property (see the Indirect Properties section
 below), it can trigger creation of a referent object.
 calculated_default
 A name of an instance method or a code ref to be used to resolve a default value
 during object creation. The instance method will be called immediately after UR
 creates the initial entity so the method will have access to other parameters used
 during creation.
 Specifying "calculated_default > 1" is equivalent to,
 calculated_default => '__default_' . $prop_name . '__'
 and is meant to establish a naming convention without requiring it.
 is_mutable
 A flag indicating that this property can be changed. It is the default state of a
 property. Set this to 0 in the property definition if the property is not changeable
 after the object is created.
 is_constant
 A flag indicating that the value of this property may not be changed after the object
 is created. It is a synonym for having is mutable = 0
 is_many
 Indicates that this returns a list of values. Usually used with reverse_as
 properties.
 is_optional
 Indicates that this property can hold the value undef.
 Calculated Properties
 is_calculated
 A flag indicating that the value of this property is determined from a function.
 calculate_from
 A listref of other property names used by the calculation
 calculate
 A specification for how the property is to be calculated in Perl.
 · if the value is a coderef, it will be called when that property is accessed, and
 the first argument will be the object instance being acted on.
 · the value may be a string containing Perl code that is eval-ed when the accessor
 is called. The Perl code can refer to $self, which will hold the correct object
 instance during execution of that code. Any properties listed in the
 'calculate_from' list will also be initialized
 · The special value 'sum' means that the values of all the properties in the
 calculate_from list are added together and returned
 Any property can be effectively turned into a calculated property by defining a method
 with the same name as the property.
 Database-backed properties
 column_name
 For classes whose data is stored in a database table (meaning the class has a
 data_source), the column_name holds the name of the database column in its table. In
 the default case, the column_name is the same as the 'property_name'.
 calc_sql
 Specifies that this property is calculated, and its value is a string containing SQL
 code inserted into that property's "column" in the SELECT clause
 Relation Properties
 Some properties are not used to hold actual data, but instead describe some kind of
 relationship between two classes. For example:
 class Person {
 id_by => 'person_id',
 has => ['name'],
 };
 class Thing {
 id_by => 'thing_id',
 has => [
 owner => { is => 'Person', id_by => 'owner_id' },
 ],
 };
 $person = Person->create(person_id => 1, name => 'Bob');
 $thing = Thing->create(thing_id => 2, owner_id => 1);
 Here, Thing has a property called "owner". It implicitly defines a property called
 "owner_id". "owner" becomes a read-only property that returns an object of type Person by
 using the object's value for the "owner_id" property, and looking up a Person object where
 its ID matches. In the above case, "$thing->owner" will return the same object that
 $person contains.
 Indirect properties can also link classes with multiple ID properties.
 class City {
 id_by => ['name', 'state']
 };
 class Location {
 has => [
 city => { is => 'String' },
 state => { is => 'String' },
 cityobj => { is => 'City',
 id_by => ['city', 'state' ] },
 ],
 };
 Note that the order the properties are linked must match in the relationship property's
 "id_by" and the related class's "id_by"
 Reverse Relationships
 When one class has a relation property to another, the target class can also define the
 converse relationship. In this case, OtherClass is the same as the first "Relation
 Properties" example where the relationship from OtherClass to MyClass, but we also define
 the relationship in the other direction, from MyClass to OtherClass.
 Many Things can point back to the same Person.
 class Person {
 id_by => 'person_id',
 has => ['name'],
 has_many => [
 things => { is => 'Thing', reverse_as => 'owner' },
 ]
 };
 class Thing {
 id_by => 'thing_id',


text:
Inaugural ESG Index in GBA
As one of China's most open and economically vibrant areas, the GBA's Outline Development Plan for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area includes green development, improving people's livelihoods as sustainable development concepts and more. HSBC has released the first GBA ESG Index in Q4 2022 to effectively reflect the status and improvement directions of sustainable development in the GBA.
Developed in partnership with China Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Group (CECEP) Environmental Consulting Group Limited, a consultancy specialising in sustainable management as well as green and sustainable finance, the HSBC GBA ESG Index provides holistic insights into the area's sustainable development.
The GBA ESG Index uses a combination of macro and micro methodologies and is updated quarterly. As well as the main GBA ESG Regional Index, a number of sub-indices are compiled, including City Sub-indices, Industry Sub-indices and Sub-indices by company size. The GBA ESG Index aims to objectively reflect and track the GBA's sustainable development and its ESG.
From a macro perspective, we analyse the region, cities and industrial characteristics from five areas, namely policy, environment, economic and social development, corporate governance, and green and sustainable finance. The ESG performance of companies is evaluated from a micro perspective using the following five first-level indicators: environmental, social, governance, green and sustainable finance and external assurance. To these an adjustment indicator, ESG reputation, is added which takes negative or controversial ESG events into consideration
Q2 2023 Key Highlights
Our study shows a 3% year-on-year increase to 122.15 in the Greater Bay Area ESG Regional Index in the second quarter of 2023. Improvements have been made in the areas of economic and social development, corporate governance, and green and sustainable finance, while stability has been maintained in the areas of policy and environment.
ESG disclosure rate of GBA companies increased from 71% in 2021 to 73% in 2022, led by companies based in Hong Kong and Macao. This coincided with the tightening up of the GBA's ESG disclosure requirements, especially with regard to climate-related issues. Our study also found that the GBA has improved its climate-related performance, with a notable improvement in the CDP (Carbon Disclosure Project) climate change scores achieved by GBA companies.
The volume of GSSS (green, social sustainability sustainability-linked) bonds issued by the GBA has continuously increased and reached a record high in Q2 2023. Hong Kong, Guangzhou and Shenzhen continued to lead the GBA GSSS bond market. According to our data, the volume of GSSS bonds issued by the three cities collectively accounted for 97% of the GBA's total volume in Q2 2023.
The average value of the GBA ESG Industry Sub-Index increased 22% year-on-year in the second quarter of 2023, as a result of improved ESG performance across almost all sectors. Among the eight key sectors (communication services, consumer discretionary, consumer staples, energy, financials, healthcare, industrials, and real estate), industrials remains as the top-performing sector. The communication services sector, which registered the biggest increase in the number of enterprises having set carbon reduction targets or made commitments aligned with the SBTi1 during the review period, ranked second for its overall ESG performance in Q2.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


California Tort Claims Act 2017
California's Tort Claims Act (CTCA) includes the rules and regulations that govern how claims are filed against a government entity. If the government is to be named in a lawsuit, the claim must fall within the guidelines of the California Tort Claims Act.
Situations wherein your claim will fall under the Act include:
 - You trip and fall in a government building
 - A county vehicle is involved in a motor vehicle accident with you
If a government employee or agency was negligent in some way, you'll need to follow the guidelines of the California Tort Claims Act. But if the government was not involved in any way leading up to your injury, a personal injury lawsuit can be filed.
Timely Written Claims: 6 Months to File
A public entity can only be sued if the plaintiff:
 - Provides a written claim for damages
 - Provides the written claim within 6 months of the incident
Unlike personal injury claims which have a two-year period to file a lawsuit, you must file a lawsuit against a governmental entity, or public entity, within a six-month period. Failure to make your claim within this time, which will be presented to the entity in question, will void your ability to file a claim.
The time starts to tick once the incident occurs – when you're filled with medical urgencies, financial issues and life-changing events.
If you've made your claim in accordance to the government code, you'll need to wait.
Public Entity Responsibility
If you've provided your written claim, the public entity must respond in a 45-day period after being served. The public entity will respond with the entity's action on the claim. The entity has four main options at this point in the claim process:
 1. Reject the claim
 2. Accept the claim
 3. Reject in part
 4. Compromise
Reject in part and compromise are the two options that provide the most concern. An entity has the legal right to reject in part, but accept the balance of the claim. A compromise will be a negotiation wherein you'll need to go back and forth with the entity.
What happens if you don't receive a response?
 1. If no response is given to your claim, the court will view this as a rejection. A rejected claim can be beneficial because a claim that's rejected provides a 2-year period from the date of the injury to file suit.
 2. If a proper response is given, you as the claimant, have just six months to file suit.
You have just six months to file suit, so it's imperative to file within the statute of limitations or lose your right to file. Government agencies and employees often respond to written notices. It's very unlikely that the notice will go unanswered, although it can and does occur.
Limitations and Expectations Under the California Tort Claims Act
CTCA encompasses all civil liability for money and damages. You can follow the Act when you're in a car accident with a government employee or you fall in a government building due to a negligent act that failed to make an essential repair.
Negligence of a government employee must fall within:
 - The scope of employment
 - In the course of a government function
For example, if a government employee was out on the weekend, enjoying a day off and was in a car accident, they cannot be sued as a government employee. A personal injury claim would need to be filed instead.
And if the employee decided to go to the bar when they were in the middle of work, the government agency can argue that the accident was caused by actions not within the scope of the employee's job.
Under the CTCA, you cannot file a claim against the negligent person directly.
So, if you can file a claim against the local government, you cannot target the employee directly in a separate case. This provides protection for employees and ensures that multiple cases for the same circumstance are not filed.
Public entitles are liable for injuries that are a result of the entity's failure to carry out their duty.
In essence, this means that if a public entity is tasked with protecting the public in some way and doesn't carry out their duty, they may face legal action. A fire department is a great example of a public entity that has a duty to the public.
If the fire department failed to respond to a call, the person injured in the fire can seek damages against the fire department.
But there are some exceptions to the law, too, such as:
 - Injuries related to failed or passed legislation
 - Injuries sustained by the National Guard
 - Injuries due to the issuing of a permit, license or order
 - Injuries due to failing to enforce the law
 - Injuries due to misrepresentation
You cannot sue the government for their failure to pass a legislation. You can also not sue the government because they supplied a driver with a license and said driver caused a motor vehicle accident.
The CTCA requires that the government or the employee had to act in some negligent manner to be held responsible under the CTCA.
Filing a Claim
If you plan to file a claim against a county, state or government entity or agency in California, you must provide a written notice with the following information:
 - Name and mailing address of the claimant
 - Mailing address where notices are to be mailed
 - Date of the incident
 - Location of the incident
 - Detailed description of the incident
 - Name of government entity or employees that caused the injury (when possible)
You'll also need to claim losses. If the losses are under $10,000, you must list the claim and note how the figure was calculated. If the claim of losses is more than $10,000, you'll need to determine if the case is a limited civil case, or a case where you're seeking less than $25,000 in damages.
Many municipalities in California offer a free form that will act as a written notice. I recommend searching for and using one of these forms when available. The forms streamline the notice process and ensure that you provide all necessary information to move forward with your claim.
If you or a loved one has been injured and it was not your fault you shouldn't hesitate to contact Hamparyan Injury Lawyers to arrange a free consultation to assess whether you are eligible to file a personal injury claim.
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text:
MADRID, June 20, 2014 /PRNewswire/ --
- The DEIMOS-2 satellite will improve our knowledge of natural phenomena, both manmade and natural, that take place on Earth and helps prevent and manage natural catastrophes.
- The satellite captures high-precision images with a resolution of 75 cm per pixel.
- The successful outcome of this mission reinforces its position as a benchmark in the European aerospace industry following the launch of DEIMOS-1 and the development of the Puertollano Satellite Integration and Operations Centre (Ciudad Real, Spain).
Elecnor Deimos, technological area of the Elecnor Group, launched Spain's first ultra-high resolution satellite, DEIMOS-2, into orbit yesterday at 7:11 PM UTC from the Yasny launch base in Russia.
(Video: _URL_ )
This panchromatic and multispectral satellite, which weighs 300 kg and measures 1.5 x 2 m, incorporates a camera that achieves high precision and detailed images of Earth, with a resolution of 75 cm per pixel and a capacity of 150,000 km2/day with bands in RGB, NIR and panchromatic.
The satellite is expected to have an operational lifetime of seven years, participating in projects in the following fields: agriculture, environment, climate change, crisis control and civil protection (fires and floods), as well as defence, intelligence and border control.
With regard to the integration and control of the mission, Elecnor Deimos has developed the Puertollano Satellite Integration and Operations Centre (Ciudad Real), a complex for integrating and managing its own and third-party satellites. Equipped with the latest technology, it has engineering areas; a 400+ m2 clean room, for satellite integration and testing; a dual S-band/X-band antenna with a diameter of 10.2 m to communicate with the satellites; and a Control Centre.
This project completes Elecnor Deimos' presence in the entire value chain for space missions. Elenor Deimos has the capability to manage entire space programs: design, integrate, validate, launch and operate Earth observation satellites; use them for commercial purposes and develop them for third parties.
Elecnor Deimos is Elecnor's technological area that specialises in engineering solutions in the aerospace, information systems and telecommunications sectors. Business areas: Remote sensing; aerospace, defence and systems; Air and Maritime navigation and satellite systems.
Elecnor develops projects involving infrastructure, renewable energies and new technologies. It has 12,500 employees and operates in over 40 countries.
SOURCE Elecnor Deimos


text:
Master of Science
Dr. Bryan Neff
With global temperatures projected to surpass the limits of thermal tolerance for many species, evaluating the capacity for evolutionary and phenotypically plastic changes in thermal tolerance is key to our understanding of the biological consequences of climate change. Within quantitative genetic breeding designs and multiple rearing environments, I measured the thermal performance of cardiac function among families of two populations of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). I found significant indirect genetic, plastic, and additive genetic effects contributing to cardiac performance and thermal tolerance, representing a variety of adaptive mechanisms available to salmon populations faced with climate change. These results enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of thermal adaptation in fish and suggest a resiliency to rising temperatures among these ecologically, economically, and culturally important fish.
Muñoz, Nicolas, "The adaptive capacity of thermal tolerance in chinook salmon" (2014). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 2220.


text:
Experimental Researches of Packet Radio on the Frequency 2,4 GHz
This article presents the results of experimental researches in IEEE 802.11b network, made in Lithuania. The goal of theseexperiments is to define to ascertain the suitability of IEEE 802.11b technologies for the creation of consumers' networks. The articlegives a brief review about the 802.11b standard, the specification of equipments and methods used in the experiments. During theexperiments the rate of data transmitting and the dependency of channel's reliability were determinate. This article gives the answer to aquestion, what minimal frequency's distance must be between the channels in order not to create interference phenomenon in short andlong distances. There is also an investigation on the influence by the number of nodes made to the rate of transmission. This article alsogives the results of long time researches of signals and noise evaluations for radio channels, which exist in different parts of Lithuania.In the end the conclusion is made, which signifies that IEEE 802.11b technology is suitable for creation of consumers' networks. Ill. 10,bibl. 6 (in Lithuanian, summaries in Lithuanian, English, Russian).
How to Cite
The copyright for the paper in this journal is retained by the author(s) with the first publication right granted to the journal. The authors agree to the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) agreement under which the paper in the Journal is licensed.
By virtue of their appearance in this open access journal, papers are free to use with proper attribution in educational and other non-commercial settings with an acknowledgement of the initial publication in the journal.


the any generators of $N$. If we define $$\phi_h, h\in H$$ then it is clear that $\phi_h(n)\in N$. In fact, $\phi_h\in Aut(N)$. So there is for example $l$, $0\leq l\leq 16$ such that $$\phi_h(n)=n^l$$ Note that $H,N$ both are cyclic. Since we assume that $\phi_h$ for all $h\in H$ is an automorphism and $|N|=17$ then we should have $(l,17)=1$. In fact we define $$h^{-1}nh=n^l,\;\;0\leq l\leq 16,\;\;(l,17)=1$$ These are well defined relations for our desired $G$.
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text:
'Your humble servant': Lost letter which Lord Nelson scrawled with his left hand a year before his death at Trafalgar to go under the hammer for £10,000
- One from first year of his command and another from last year of his life
- Documents sent for auction by anonymous West Country resident
- First documents his response to shipmate attending to leave his rank
- Second is written using his left hand, after losing his right arm in 1797
A pair of letters written by Lord Horatio Nelson are to go under the hammer later this year.
The letters, one of which was written in Nelson's left hand after he lost his right arm at the Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, will be sold by Hansons Auctioneers in June.
They are expected to sell for between £7,000 and £10,000 each.
Under the hammer: The letters, one of which was written in Nelson's left hand after he lost his right arm, will be sold by Hansons Auctioneers in June. Hansons employee Liz is pictured with the letters
The first letter, dated May 7, 1793, coincides with a young Nelson's rise to power after years of working as a midshipman under his uncle's supervision.
In 1793, revolutionary France had declared war on Great Britain, and so began Horatio Nelson's rise to naval success.
Nelson had been on half pay in England for five years but was suddenly given command of the Agamemnon gunship.
The first letter documents Nelson's response to a shipmate attempting to leave his rank.
Going for auction: The first letter documents Nelson's response to a shipmate attempting to leave his rank
Nelson writes: 'I am sorry to say (he) cannot have my leave of absence to go to London.
Hurt: Nelson had his right arm amputated following an injury at the Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife
'He came on board the ship from the Sandwich by his own free will and consent therefore why he should now be so uncomfortable as he appears to be I cannot account.'
The second letter, dated October 21, 1804, is a much more scrawled piece written in his left hand.
Nelson had his right arm amputated in 1797 following an injury at the Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife.
The letter, written in the year before his death at the Battle of Trafalgar, praises Major James Weir of the Royal Marines.
Nelson writes: 'You merit everything which a grateful country could bestow upon your services. I shall be soon in England and if my testimony of your services can be useful it shall be very much at your service.'
Centuries old: The second letter, dated October 1804, is a much more scrawled piece written in his left hand
Nelson was shot and killed during the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805.
'The rarity, prestige and British pride that the pair of these letters epitomise is something that should inspire collectors worldwide'
Charles Hanson, Hansons Auctioneers
Charles Hanson, manager of Hansons Auctioneers, said: 'We expect that these letters written by a great hand will stir up international interest.
'The rarity, prestige and British pride that the pair of these letters epitomise is something that should inspire collectors worldwide.'
The letters will go under the hammer at Hansons summer fine arts auction at the Etwall auction house on June 29.
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What Is Multimodal In AI Training?
What is multimodal AI? It's an intriguing concept in the field of artificial intelligence, focusing on teaching AI systems to comprehend and analyze diverse forms of data. This data spans across different mediums such as text, images, audio, and video. The goal? To develop AI that can mimic human cognition, enabling it to perceive, learn, and interpret the world in a more holistic manner.
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What Is Multimodal In AI Training?
What is multimodal AI? It's an intriguing concept in the field of artificial intelligence, focusing on teaching AI systems to comprehend and analyze diverse forms of data. This data spans across different mediums such as text, images, audio, and video. The goal? To develop AI that can mimic human cognition, enabling it to perceive, learn, and interpret the world in a more holistic manner.
Imagine a person learning about cats. They might read about cats, look at pictures, listen to the sounds cats make, and watch videos of cats in action. All these different pieces of information help the person understand what a cat is. Multimodal AI training aims to achieve a similar level of understanding by combining different forms of data.
Why Do We Need Multimodal AI?
Single-modality AI systems, which only use one type of data, can be quite limited. For instance, a text-based AI might not understand the context of an image, and an image-based AI might miss the nuances of speech. Multimodal AI offers a richer, more comprehensive understanding by using multiple data sources. This can significantly enhance the abilities of AI systems in various applications.
 - Better Comprehension: Multimodal AI can comprehend information that single-mode systems might miss. For example, a multimodal AI can read an article, recognize related images, and connect them to videos, offering a holistic view of the content.
 - Contextual Awareness: By processing various types of data simultaneously, multimodal AI can understand context better. This can be particularly useful in applications like virtual assistants and customer service bots.
 - Enhanced User Experience: Systems like Google Assistant and Amazon Alexa greatly benefit from multimodal training. They can interpret voice commands, process textual information, and respond more accurately because they understand multiple types of input.
Examples of Multimodal AI
Many major companies are working on multimodal AI. Let's look at some real-life examples.
1. Google
Google is heavily invested in multimodal AI. One of its most impressive feats is combining image recognition with text analysis. For instance, Google Photos can identify people, places, and things in your pictures. When combined with Google Search, this technology can provide a comprehensive search experience, linking related articles, images, and videos.
2. OpenAI
OpenAI, known for its language model called GPT-3, is exploring the possibilities of multimodal AI as well. They're investigating how combining text with other data types can create more intelligent and useful systems. Imagine asking a virtual assistant to analyze a chart in a document while also generating a summary of the surrounding text. This dual capability can be extremely powerful for business applications.
Learn more about OpenAI at OpenAI.
3. Facebook AI Research
Facebook AI Research (FAIR) is another key player in this field. Their work in understanding the connections between text and images aims to improve user interaction on platforms like Facebook and Instagram. By integrating visual and textual data, they can create more meaningful user experiences, such as auto-captioning pictures or suggesting relevant hashtags.
Visit Facebook AI Research at FAIR.
How Does Multimodal AI Training Work?
Training a multimodal AI system involves several steps. Let's break it down:
 1. Data Collection: The first step is gathering a diverse set of data. This could include text, images, videos, and audio recordings. The data must be relevant and representative of the tasks the AI will perform.
 2. Preprocessing: Before feeding the data into the AI model, it needs to be cleaned and organized. This might include removing noise from audio recordings, aligning text with images, or breaking videos into manageable segments.
 3. Feature Extraction: This is the process of identifying unique characteristics in the data. For text, it might involve extracting keywords. For images, it might mean identifying shapes and colors. For audio, it can be recognizing pitch and tone.
 4. Model Integration: The different types of data are then fed into an AI model. Advanced machine learning techniques, such as neural networks, help the model learn patterns and relationships across the different modalities.
 5. Training: The AI system undergoes rigorous training, where it processes vast amounts of multimodal data. It learns to recognize connections and make predictions based on the integrated information.
 6. Evaluation: Finally, the model is tested to see how well it performs. This might involve real-world tasks or simulations to ensure it can handle the complexity of multimodal data.
Challenges in Multimodal AI Training
There are several challenges in multimodal AI training that researchers and AI developers are working to overcome.
 - Data Alignment: Matching data from different modalities can be tricky. For example, aligning the text from a lecture with the corresponding slides and audio is not straightforward.
 - Computational Resources: Multimodal training requires significant computational power. Training an AI model to process text, images, video, and audio simultaneously is resource-intensive and time-consuming.
 - Context Understanding: Even with multimodal data, understanding context is a complex task. Differentiating between sarcasm and sincerity in text, based on complementary images or videos, is a current research challenge.
 - Data Quality: Ensuring the quality and accuracy of the diverse data types is crucial. Inconsistent or erroneous data can lead to incorrect AI training outcomes.
The Future of Multimodal AI
The potential for multimodal AI is vast and exciting. As technology advances, these systems will become more sophisticated and integrated into everyday life. We can expect more intuitive virtual assistants, smarter customer service bots, and even better tools for education and healthcare.
Imagine a future where an AI tutor can teach you a foreign language by showing pictures, playing audio clips, and displaying relevant text and videos. Or consider AI in healthcare, where doctors can receive comprehensive analysis combining patient records, imaging data, and genetic information to make better diagnostic decisions.
The journey of multimodal AI is just beginning, and the future holds incredible promise. As researchers and technology companies continue to innovate, the capabilities of AI systems will only grow more unified and intelligent.
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Ace Your DMV Written Test with our Guaranteed Cheat Sheet.
Cheat Sheet
Sample TN Driver's Test 2021
Number of tests: 24
Number of questions: 30
Passing score: 24
Directions: You will be given a knowledge test to determine how well you know Tennessee traffic laws and safe driving practices. Getting a driver's license in TN becomes possible in case you have successfully passed the DMV TN driving test. Practice online with our sample DMV tests and get the highest exam results.
You have made error so far
Passing grade —
6 or fewer errors
If the roadway is wet or icy, you should:
Reduce your speed.
Drive at the posted speed.
Speed up.
An orange and red triangular sign on a vehicle always means:
california slow moving vehicle road sign
The vehicle has the right-of-way.
Slow-moving vehicle.
Shoulder work ahead.
This sign means:
tennessee traffic blending road sign
You should stop for other traffic.
Traffic is entering from another road and you should allow additional space for drivers to merge safely into the flow of traffic.
Traffic is entering from another road and you should keep right.
In traffic moving at 50 to 55 mph, you are least likely to have an accident if you:
Drive a few miles per hour faster than most other vehicles.
Stay within that speed range.
Drive a few miles per hour slower than most other vehicles.
When you see this black and yellow sign, it means:
alaska sharp turn to right road sign
The road to the right is for one-way traffic only.
There is a detour to the right due to road construction.
The road ahead changes direction at an extreme angle.
"No passing zone" signs tell drivers:
To speed up slightly.
That it is not safe to pass.
To maintain a steady speed.
Which of the following substances can affect the ability to drive?
Tranquilizers, marijuana, and sedatives.
Cough syrups and cold tablets containing codeine or antihistamines.
All of the above.
Collisions are more likely to happen when:
All vehicles are traveling at about the same speed.
One lane of traffic is traveling faster than the other lanes.
One vehicle is traveling faster or slower than the flow of traffic.
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text:
Component-based development is a software engineering paradigm that can facilitate the construction of embedded systems and tackle its complexities. The modern embedded systems have more and more demanding requirements. One way to cope with such a versatile and growing set of requirements is to employ heterogeneous processing power, i.e., CPU–GPU architectures. The new CPU–GPU embedded boards deliver an increased performance but also introduce additional complexity and challenges. In this work, we address the component-to-hardware allocation for CPU–GPU embedded systems. The allocation for such systems is much complex due to the increased amount of GPU-related information. For example, while in traditional embedded systems the allocation mechanism may consider only the CPU memory usage of components to find an appropriate allocation scheme, in heterogeneous systems, the GPU memory usage needs also to be taken into account in the allocation process. This paper aims at decreasing the component-to-hardware allocation complexity by introducing a two-layer component-based architecture for heterogeneous embedded systems. The detailed CPU–GPU information of the system is abstracted at a high-layer by compacting connected components into single units that behave as regular components. The allocator, based on the compacted information received from the high-level layer, computes, with a decreased complexity, feasible allocation schemes. In the last part of the paper, the two-layer allocation method is evaluated using an existing embedded system demonstrator; namely, an underwater robot.
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited