there are no Check Control messages, then
"CHECK OK" is displayed.
If a Check Control message has been stored,
the corresponding message is displayed. In
addition, the text message appears on the
Control Display.
5. Press the button to display any other messages.
Displaying on the onboard computer
1. "Vehicle Info"
2. "Vehicle status"
3. "Check Control"
The
symbol indicates that Check Control messages have been stored. Check Control messages can be viewed whenever it is convenient.
Viewing stored Check Control messages
4. Select a text message.
Stored Check Control messages can only be displayed if the driver's door is closed.
66
Online Edition for Part no. 01 40 2 904 220 - © 03/12 BMW AG
Controls overview
Speed limit
Enter a speed, and a Check Control message will
indicate when you reach this speed. This enables
you, for example, to receive warnings if you
exceed a speed limit in an urban area.
You are only warned of reaching this speed a
second time if your vehicle speed falls below it
again by at least 3 mph or 5 km/h.
CONTROLS
Activating/deactivating the limit
1. "Settings"
2. "Speed"
3. "Warning"
Displaying, setting or changing the limit
1. "Settings"
2. "Speed"
3. "Warning at:"
4. Press the MINI joystick.
Altering settings
Language on the Control Display
1. "Settings"
4. Turn the MINI joystick to set the limit.
5. Press the MINI joystick to apply the setting.
The limit is stored.
Applying your current speed as limit
1. "Settings"
2. "Speed"
3. "Select current speed"
2. "Language/Units"
3. "Language:"
4. Press the MINI joystick.
The system adopts your current speed as the
limit.
4. Select the desired language.
Online Edition for Part no. 01 40 2 904 220 - © 03/12 BMW AG
67
CONTROLS
Controls overview
The setting is stored for the remote control currently in use.
Setting the voice dialog
5. Press the MINI joystick.
The setting is stored for the remote control currently in use. In bright conditions, for example,
the brightness control may not be clearly visible.
Switch between a standard dialog and a short
dialog.
1. "Settings"
2. "Language/Units"
3. "Speech mode:"
4. Select the desired dialog.
The setting is stored for the remote control currently in use.
Brightness of the Control Display
The brightness is automatically adapted to the
ambient lighting conditions. Note, however,
that you can change the basic setting while the
low beams are switched on. The setting is stored
for the remote control currently in use.
1. "Settings"
2. "Control display"
3. "Brightness"
4. Turn the MINI joystick until the desired setting is reached.
68
Online Edition for Part no. 01 40 2 904 220 - © 03/12 BMW AG
Technology for driving comfort and safety
CONTROLS
Technology for driving comfort and
safety
Vehicle equipment
In this chapter, all production, country, and
optional equipment that is offered in the model
range is described. Equipment is also described
that is not available because of, for example,
selected options or country version. This also
applies to safety related functions and systems.
Park Distance Control
PDC
The concept
PDC assists you with parking in reverse. Acoustic
signals and a visual indicator warn you of the
presence of an object behind the vehicle. The
measurement is carried out by four ultrasonic
sensors in the rear bumper.
These sensors have a range of approx.
6.5 ft/2 m. However, an acoustic warning
does not sound until an object is approx. 24 in/
60 cm from the rear corner sensors or approx.
5 ft/1.50 m from the rear center sensors. PDC is
a parking aid that can indicate objects when
they are approached slowly, as is usually the
case when parking. Avoid approaching an
object at high speed; otherwise, physical circumstances may lead to the system warning
being issued too late.<
Automatic mode
With the engine running or the ignition switched
on, the system is activated automatically after
approx. 1 second when you engage reverse
gear or move the automatic transmission selector lever to position R. Wait this short period
before driving.
Acoustic signals
As the distance between vehicle and object
decreases, the intervals between the tones
become shorter. If the distance to the nearest
object falls to below roughly 1 ft/30 cm, then a
continuous tone sounds.
If the distance remains constant, e.g. when driving parallel to a wall, the acoustic signal stops
after approx. 3 seconds.
Malfunction
Indicator lamp lights up. PDC has failed.
A message appears on the Control Display. Have the system checked.
To avoid this problem, keep the sensors clean
and free of ice or snow in order to ensure that
they will continue to operate effectively. When
using a high-pressure cleaner, do not direct the
jet toward the sensors for lengthy periods and
only spray from a distance of at least 4 in/10 cm.
PDC with visual warning
To have the system show distances to objects on
the Control Display. The contours of distant
objects are shown on the Control Display even
before the acoustic signal sounds. The display
appears on the Control Display as soon as the
transmission is shifted into reverse or the selector lever is moved into the R position.
System limitations
Even with PDC, final responsibility for estimating the distance between the vehicle
and any obstructions always remains with the
driver. Sensors, too, have blind spots in which
objects cannot be detected. Moreover, ultrasonic detection can reach its physical limits with
objects such as trailer tow bars and couplings,
thin and wedge-shaped objects, etc. Low
objects already indicated, such as curbs, may
Online Edition for Part no. 01 40 2 904 220 - © 03/12 BMW AG
69
CONTROLS
Technology for driving comfort and safety
enter the sensors' blind spots before or after a
continuous audible signal is given. Higher, protruding objects, such as wall ledges, may not be
detectable. Therefore, always drive cautiously;
otherwise, there is a risk of personal injury or
property damage. Loud sound sources outside
or inside the car can drown out the PDC signal.<
Driving stability control
systems
Your MINI has a number of systems that help to
maintain the vehicle's stability even in adverse
driving conditions.
The laws of physics cannot be repealed,
even with driving stability control systems.
An appropriate driving style always remains the
responsibility of the driver. Therefore do not
reduce the additional safety margin by engaging
in hazardous driving thereby running the risk of
an accident.<
Antilock Brake System ABS
force. Thus, the system helps keep braking distance to a minimum. At the same time, all the
benefits provided by ABS are exploited.
Do not reduce the pressure on the brake for the
duration of the full braking application.
Dynamic Stability Control DSC
The concept
DSC prevents the driving wheels from losing
traction when you pull away from rest or accelerate.
DSC also detects unstable driving conditions
such as when the vehicle's rear end fishtails or
the vehicle is sliding on its front wheels. In these
cases, DSC helps the vehicle maintain a safe
course within physical limits by reducing engine
output and through braking actions at the individual wheels.
Every time that the engine is started, DSC is
ready to operate.
Deactivating DSC
ABS prevents locking of the wheels during braking. Safe steering response is maintained even
during full braking. Active safety is thus
increased.
Braking safely, refer to page 101.
ABS is operational every time you start the
engine.
Cornering Brake Control CBC
Driving stability and steering characteristics are
further enhanced while braking in turns or during a lane change.
Electronic brake-force distribution EBV
Press the button until the DSC OFF indicator
lamp on the speedometer is on and DSC OFF is
displayed on the tachometer. DSC is deactivated. Stabilizing and propulsion promoting
actions are no longer executed.
The system controls the brake pressure in the
rear wheels to ensure stable braking behavior.
When driving with snow chains or to 'rock free'
in snow, it can be helpful to switch off DSC for a
brief period.
Brake Assist
To increase vehicle stability, activate DSC again
as soon as possible.
Rapidly depressing the brake causes this system
to automatically develop maximum braking
70
Online Edition for Part no. 01 40 2 904 220 - © 03/12 BMW AG
Technology for driving comfort and safety
Activating DSC
CONTROLS
Activating DTC
Press the button again: the DSC indicator lamps
in the display elements go out.
For better control
The indicator lamp on the tachometer is
flashing:
DSC controls the driving and braking
forces.
The indicator lamp DSC OFF on the
speedometer is on and DSC OFF is displayed on the tachometer:
DSC is deactivated.
Press the button; the indicator lamp DSC OFF on
the speedometer comes on and TRACTION is
displayed on the tachometer.
The Dynamic Stability Control DSC is deactivated; the Dynamic Traction Control DTC is activated.
For better control
The indicator lamp on the tachometer is
flashing:
DTC controls the driving and braking
forces.
Dynamic Traction Control DTC
The concept
The indicator lamp on the speedometer
is on and TRACTION is displayed on the
tachometer:
DTC is activated.
DTC is a type of DSC that is propulsion optimized
for special road conditions such as uncleared
snowy roads. The system ensures maximum
propulsion though with restricted driving stability. You therefore need to drive with suitable
caution.
In the following exceptional situations, it can be
useful to briefly activate DTC:
> When driving on snow-covered inclines, in
slush, or on uncleared snowy roads
> When rocking the vehicle free, driving out of
deep snow or on loose surfaces
> When driving with snow chains
Deactivating


Normal Termination of the Program using exit, atexit and _Exit in c
This video tutorial explains the exit, atexit and _Exit functions in c with their syntax and an example.
You will learn what is the use of exit, atexit and _Exit functions, what is the syntax of exit, atexit and _Exit functions and also how to use exit and _Exit function to terminate the program normally, how to use the atexit function to register a termination function which will be called when the program terminates, what are the differences between the exit and _Exit functions in c.
The tutorial begins with the syntax of the exit, atexit and _Exit function and then explains what this functions are gonna do in detail. Then it explains the usage of the exit, atexit and _Exit function in detail with a example. It also explains the dfference between the exit and _Exit functions in detail.


text:
On the missed opportunity cost, GUD, and estimating environmental quality
Publikation/Tidskrift/Serie: Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution
Förlag: Science from Israel - LPPLtd. PO BOX 34299, Jerusalem 91341, Israel
The missed opportunity cost (MOC), i.e., all foregone alternatives while foraging in a patch, is an important aspect of the cost-benefit analysis of foraging patch use. When making between-environment comparisons it will often be the most important factor influencing behavior, but it has received less interest than other foraging costs. In this paper, we focus on differences between individuals living in different territories or home ranges and how giving-up densities of food (GUD) should reflect between-environment differences in habitat suitability. We then investigate the extent to which such differences depend on effects mediated through the cost of predation or MOC. We model different scenarios for individuals in different environments and review literature on empirical Studies that investigate such scenarios. The modeling results show that all three components of the MOC (survival rate, marginal value of energy, and marginal value of time) depend on average resource availability in the environment. This makes MOC, and thereby GUD, increase strongly with food availability. MOC increases only weakly with safety from predation, and moderately as travel distance between food patches declines. Also the cost of predation increases with richness of the environment, and notably it differs more between safe and risky patches in rich environments. These results are reflected in the GUDs, which are higher in environments with high food availability and short travel distances. In contrast, GUDs vary only marginally between safe and risky environments.
- Biology and Life Sciences
- ISSN: 0021-2210

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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text:
Choose one of the following Minerals for more details:
Crystal formations such as this grow out of mineral-rich solutions in spacious rock cavities. When the solution becomes saturated, crystals begin to form on rock walls, on other crystals, or even on particles of dust. They grow quickly or slowly--or stop--depending on changes in temperature and the concentration of the solution. Marcasite forms from iron and sulfur to make crystals with a chemical composition of FeS2. Note how the size of the forming crystals grew larger with each round of formation in this specimen.


text:
- Epileptiform discharges provoked by intermittent photic stimulation (flickering light)
- Classfied in four types of photoparoxysmal response according to Waltz:
- Waltz 1: Spikes within the occipital rhythm
- Waltz 2: Parieto-occipital spikes with a biphasic slow wave
- Waltz 3: Parieto-occipital spikes with a biphasic slow wave and spread to the frontal region
- Waltz 4: Generalized spikes and wave or polyspikes and wave
- Photoparoxysmal responses are frequently found in nonepileptic children.
- The prevalence of photosensitivity in nonepileptic individuals ranges from 0.5 to 8.9% of the population and rarely evolve into epilepsy
- Only generalized paroxysmal epileptiform discharges (Waltz 4) are clearly linked to epilepsy.
- The majority of individuals with photosensitive seizures does not need anticonvulsant therapy
- Most effective treatment is avoidance of provoking stimulus.
- Photosensitive epilepsy is also linked to headache.
- Waltz S, Christen H-J, Doose H: The different patterns of the photoparoxysmal response a genetic study. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1992;83:138-145

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
- NYT Crossword
- May 14 2023
- Fifth in a scale
Fifth in a scale
While searching our database we found 1 possible solution for the: Fifth in a scale crossword clue. This crossword clue was last seen on May 14 2023 NYT Crossword puzzle. The solution we have for Fifth in a scale has a total of 3 letters.
Hints & Tips
Here are some hints and tips before revealing the whole word. It may actually help you find the correct solution by yourself.
1. The first letter of the answer is: S
2. The last letter of the answer is: L
3. There is 1 vowel in the hidden word:
|• ||The sun.|
|• ||Gold; -- so called from its brilliancy, color, and value.|
|• ||A syllable applied in solmization to the note G, or to the fifth tone of any diatonic scale.|
|• ||The tone itself.|
|• ||A sou.|
|• ||A silver and gold coin of Peru. The silver sol is the unit of value, and is worth about 68 cents.|
The word SOL is a 3 letter word that has 1 syllable's. The syllable division for SOL is: sol
Get All The NYT Crossword Answers In Your Inbox!
Enter your email to get all the daily NYT Crossword Answers straight in your inbox!
We have found 10 other crossword clues with the same answer.
We have found 0 other crossword answers for this clue.
Other May 14 2023 Puzzle Clues
There are a total of 141 clues in May 14 2023 crossword puzzle.
If you have already solved this crossword clue and are looking for the main post then head over to NYT Crossword May 14 2023 Answers

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
NEW YORK (GenomeWeb) – Immunoassay developer PhasiQ this week received a two-year grant from the National Science Foundation to develop and commercialize an ELISA-based multiplex protein biomarker test for identifying patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
The effort marks the company's ongoing effort to expand its offerings beyond do-it-yourself immunoassay kits and into pre-designed research tests for disease biomarkers and, ultimately, point-of-care diagnostics, John Dishinger, PhasiQ's director of product development, told GenomeWeb.
PhasiQ's core technology involves simultaneously measuring the expression of multiple proteins while preventing the antibody crosstalk that can result in false positives and false negatives using a technology dubbed micropatterned phase separation, or MPS. This approach, according to the company, uses proprietary solutions to allow antibody pairing where needed while eliminating unwanted binding.
MPS compartmentalizes the reagents for a given assay into specific regions of a multiwell plate, Dishinger explained. "Essentially, we are doing many independent immunoassays without any antibody crosstalk or mixing of antibodies, so we can theoretically multiplex any combination of proteins."
Shuichi Takayama, PhasiQ's founder, CEO, and CSO, and a professor at the University of Michigan, has published a number of reports describing the MPS technology, including a 2014 paper detailing its use in identifying protein biomarkers in patients with acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
According to that study, antibody cross-reactions were eliminated in multiplex ELISA assays through the use of aqueous two-phase systems composed of the phase-separation-promoting polymers polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dextran (DEX), which confine detection antibody solutions in a fully aqueous environment to regions where complementary capture antibodies are immobilized.
The method, the paper states, works because droplets of the denser DEX solution sink in the PEG solution and remain in contact with the assay plate during incubation. Further, interfacial tensions between DEX-PEG and the DEX assay plate cause the DEX droplets to form domes that remain in place, and detection antibodies are retained without diffusive dispersion in the DEX phase due to partitioning effects.
Also in 2014, Takayama and UMich colleagues reported the use of the MPS approach for multiplexed immunostaining of cell monolayers and tissues, showing that "multiple antigens can be detected on a single fixed sample by incorporating antibodies within dextran solutions, which are then patterned by micropipetting at specific sites on the sample in a solution of PEG."
PhasiQ currently sells a number of user-customized ELISA immunoassay kits based on the MPS approach, but sees greater promise for in-house designed kits for research and clinical use.
Dishinger said that PhasiQ is currently pursuing development of a GVHD biomarker test, but declined to provide specific details citing ongoing changes in the firm's intellectual property strategy around that program.
Meanwhile, work is proceeding apace with the DVT test, for which PhasiQ has secured $750,000 in Small Business Innovation Research funding from the NSF.
Under a now-completed Phase I grant, the company developed a working prototype of the DVT test, which it now aims to refine to detect nine undisclosed biomarkers for DVT.
Once this optimization is complete, PhasiQ will clinically validate the device in approximately 200 banked and de-identified patient blood samples in a collaboration with UMich researcher Jose Diaz, Dishinger said.
He declined to comment on which biomarkers are being evaluated, but said that they relate to work conducted in Diaz's lab. Among Diaz's published work are studies examining established and novel DVT biomarkers including soluble P-selectin, D-dimer, CRP, VWF, MPO, and ADAMTS13.
PhasiQ hopes that this validation work will be sufficient for the introduction of a DVT test for research use only, potentially within two years, Dishinger noted. The end goal for the firm, however, would be a bedside test to rule in or rule out DVT, he said.
He added that additional clinical testing would be required before such a diagnostic could be launched.


1. WeatherSpark.com
 2. United States
 3. Wyoming
 4. Sleepy Hollow
 5. March
Average Weather in March in Sleepy Hollow Wyoming, United States
Daily high temperatures increase by 9°F, from 43°F to 52°F, rarely falling below 25°F or exceeding 67°F.
Daily low temperatures increase by 7°F, from 22°F to 28°F, rarely falling below 5°F or exceeding 39°F.
For reference, on July 27, the hottest day of the year, temperatures in Sleepy Hollow typically range from 58°F to 87°F, while on December 29, the coldest day of the year, they range from 14°F to 33°F.
Average High and Low Temperature in March
The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.
The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average temperatures for the quarter of the year centered on March. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.
Average Hourly Temperature in March
Average Hourly Temperature in March in Sleepy Hollow18152229112233445566778899101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030313112 AM4 AM8 AM12 PM4 PM8 PM12 AMFebAprfreezingfreezingvery coldcoldcool
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.
Kelkit, Turkey (6,218 miles away); Yüksekova, Turkey (6,482 miles); and Fareydūnshahr, Iran (6,894 miles) are the far-away foreign places with temperatures most similar to Sleepy Hollow (view comparison).
Clouds
The month of March in Sleepy Hollow experiences essentially constant cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy remaining about 54% throughout the month. The highest chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 55% on March 20.
The clearest day of the month is March 5, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 47% of the time.
For reference, on March 20, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 55%, while on July 4, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 77%.
Cloud Cover Categories in March
Cloud Cover Categories in March in Sleepy Hollow1815222911223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%FebAprJul 477%Jul 477%Mar 147%Mar 147%Mar 3146%Mar 3146%Mar 1146%Mar 1146%Mar 2145%Mar 2145%clearmostly clearpartly cloudymostly cloudyovercast
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.
Precipitation
A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. In Sleepy Hollow, the chance of a wet day over the course of March is rapidly increasing, starting the month at 6% and ending it at 13%.
For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 31% on June 3, and its lowest chance is 3% on January 15.
Over the course of March in Sleepy Hollow, the chance of a day with only rain increases from 2% to 6%, the chance of a day with mixed snow and rain increases from 2% to 4%, and the chance of a day with only snow remains an essentially constant 3% throughout.
Probability of Precipitation in March
The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).
Rainfall
To show variation within the month and not just the monthly total, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day.
The average sliding 31-day rainfall during March in Sleepy Hollow is gradually increasing, starting the month at 0.1 inches, when it rarely exceeds 0.4 inches, and ending the month at 0.4 inches, when it rarely exceeds 0.9 inches or falls below 0.1 inches.
Average Monthly Rainfall in March
The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average liquid-equivalent snowfall.
Snowfall
We report snowfall in liquid-equivalent terms. The actual depth of new snowfall is typically between 5 and 10 times the liquid-equivalent amount, assuming the ground is frozen. As with rainfall, we consider the liquid-equivalent snowfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day.
The average sliding 31-day liquid-equivalent snowfall during March in Sleepy Hollow is essentially constant, remaining about 0.2 inches throughout, and rarely exceeding 0.7 inches or falling to 0.0 inches.
The highest average 31-day liquid-equivalent accumulation is 0.2 inches on March 31.
Average Monthly Liquid-Equivalent Snowfall in March
The average liquid-equivalent snowfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average rainfall.
Sun
Over the course of March in Sleepy Hollow, the length of the day is rapidly increasing. From the start to the end of the month, the length of the day increases by 1 hour, 32 minutes, implying an average daily increase of 3 minutes, 4 seconds, and weekly increase of 21 minutes, 27 seconds.
The shortest day of the month is March 1, with 11 hours, 11 minutes of daylight and the longest day is March 31, with 12 hours, 43 minutes of daylight.
Hours of Daylight and Twilight in March
Hours of Daylight and Twilight in March in Sleepy Hollow1815222911223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310 hr24 hr4 hr20 hr8 hr16 hr12 hr12 hr16 hr8 hr20 hr4 hr24 hr0 hrFebAprMar 2012 hr, 6 minMar 2012 hr, 6 minnightnightdaydayMar 111 hr, 11 minMar 111 hr, 11 min
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.
The earliest sunrise of the month in Sleepy Hollow is 6:22 AM on March 10 and the latest sunrise is 58 minutes later at 7:21 AM on March 11.
The earliest sunset is 5:49 PM on March 1 and the latest sunset is 1 hour, 38 minutes later at 7:27 PM on March 31.
Daylight saving time (DST) starts at 3:00 AM on March 11, 2018, shifting sunrise and sunset to be an hour later.
For reference, on June 21, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 5:17 AM and sets 15 hours, 31 minutes later, at 8:49 PM, while on December 21, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 7:34 AM and sets 8 hours, 51 minutes later, at 4:25 PM.
Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight and Daylight Saving Time in March
Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight and Daylight Saving Time in March in Sleepy Hollow1815222911223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031312 AM4 AM6 AM8 AM10 AM12 PM2 PM4 PM6 PM8 PM10 PM12 AMFebApr6:22 AM6:22 AMMar 106:01 PMMar 106:01 PM6:44 AM6:44 AMMar 317:27 PMMar 317:27 PMMar 11DSTMar 11DSTSolarMidnightSolarMidnightSolarNoonSunriseSunset
The solar day over the course of March. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray. The transitions to and from daylight saving time are indicated by the 'DST' labels.
Humidity
We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.
The chance that a given day will be muggy in Sleepy Hollow is essentially constant during March, remaining around 0% throughout.
For reference, on July 4, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time, while on January 1, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time.
Humidity Comfort Levels in March
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.
Wind
This section discusses


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Make this Star Garland for a really effective home made Christmas Decoration which you can drape around a Christmas tree or use as a wall hanging.
Use glittery or shiny paper for a real Christmas feel.
- Coloured paper
How to make a Star Garland…
- With the paper held landscape, cut strips of paper 1-2cm wide.
- Fold each strip in half and half again.
- Unfold and cut the strip along the creases so you have four short lengths of paper.
- Hold two pieces of paper together and staple the ends together.
- Repeat with the other two strips of paper.
- Open up each of the strip couples and attach together with some more staples.
- Repeat steps 2-6 with all the strips of paper.
- Attach the stars together into a garland using tape or a stapler and hang wherever you would like a decoration for Christmas.
- When folding your paper into four and cutting, do several strips of paper at a time to make the process quicker.
- If you use glue instead of a stapler, make sure the glue is dry before attaching the stars together.


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Mirabeth Braude, Michigan State University
Ashley Cerku, Oakland University
Steve Price, Associate Professor of English, Mississipi College
All writers have experienced the excitement of having someone read our work. Naturally, we also have felt our nerves rattle as we read criticism of the text that we had poured so much thought into. In this article, we offer a definition of constructive feedback and discuss the types of editorial suggestions contributors commonly encounter. By doing so, we seek to help first time contributors better understand the review process and outcomes as well as to respond effectively to editors both within the text and through their submission correspondence.
Defining Constructive Feedback
Feedback is defined as information that specifies one's performance on a task (Blair, Curtis, Goodwin, Shields, 2013). While Constructive feedback takes many forms and is often considered subjective, Nelson and Schunn (2009) articulate seven aspects of feedback that have been proven to positively impact writing performance: specificity, identification of a problem, localization, offering a solution, explanations, scope, and affective language.
Components of Constructive Feedback
The chart below briefly explains the concepts that we will discuss in more detail below.
|1. Specificity||Details about the problems and solutions|
|2. Identification of a problem||Explicitly stated parts that cause confusion or errors in manuscript|
|3. Localization||Pinpointed places where problems occur or solutions can be made|
|4. Offering a solution||Suggestions for how the problems can be resolved|
|5. Explanations||Statements about why the solution should be changed in the draft|
|6. Scope||A limit to the number of higher and lower order concern solutions|
|7. Affective language||Positive and mitigating feedback to encourage and specify changes|
For feedback to be specific, it must be tell contributors how to proceed (or not) with the manuscript. Specific feedback can be about the manuscript as a whole or it may point to a tangible problem in one section of the text. A reviewer may write that "the manuscript advances current discussions and is recommended to be accepted for publication;" "the manuscript contributes to a discussion, but needs to be resubmitted after revisions;" or, "the manuscript is not recommended to be published in the particular journal" (this will be discussed in further detail later). Contributors should mine reviewer comments for specific feedback because it suggests a revision plan.
Problem Identification and Localization
Identifying a problem means explicitly stating a concern. A concern can cover things like insufficient coverage of the existing literature, unclear methods, or overly broad or narrow claims. If there is a structural flaw that creates confusion for the reader, the reviewer may note, for example, that the thesis goes off topic within the third and fourth paragraphs. When a reviewer explicitly states a problem, he or she will localize the place where it occurs within the manuscript and/or explain how it affects the organization of ideas throughout the paper. When reviewers identify problems effectively, the contributor can confidently understand how the problem impacts the reader's comprehension.
Solutions and Explanations
Once a problem is identified, reviewers often propose a solution, a statement that offers a way to correct a higheror lower-order concern. It is also common for a reviewer to pair the solution with an explanation that overviews why the solution must be implemented or how it will improve the submission. For example, an author might be instructed to create a topic sentence for her second paragraph because its main idea is unclear until the fifth sentence. Without clarification, contributors may struggle to make the changes sought.
The scope of feedback content is the range of how many or how few comments are provided in the feedback. In constructive feedback, you often will see a few common themes that affect whether the reviewer believes the manuscript is fit for publication. Too many comments can be less helpful than a few that concisely identify patterns that stress the clarity of the contributor's ideas.
Effective language is praise that stands on its own and mitigating language that comes with solutions. For example, positive language can appear as, "Your argument excels at facilitating discussion on the topic on multilingualism in writing center studies." Mitigating language might take the form of, "Your argument is very strong, but you should include more current literature to your discussion of this topic." Overall, affective language encourages the contributor as he embarks on the revision path (Nelson & Schunn, 2009).
Understanding and Implementing Feedback
While these seven feedback characteristics are effective, they are not absolute. Feedback depends on the journal's goals, the reviewer's style, and the timeliness of the turnaround. For example, not all reviewers offer a solution when identifying a problem; sometimes, they simply may ask questions to further inquire about the topic.
Once constructive feedback is received, the revision should be pursued as a conversation between the reviewer's comments and the evolving manuscript. You will be corresponding directly with the journal editors when you submit your response. Therefore, when responding to any recommendation, it is important to address these five steps to help foster conversation.
- Thank the reviewers for their feedback.
- Reiterate the reviewers main recommendations as well as the title of your submission. This is a courtesy to reviewers and editors because it helps them stay organized.
- Address tasks or questions the reviewer provides. Make sure that you answer the reviewer's questions or concerns concisely and completely so that you can successfully move forward in the review process. If you choose to keep or not change particular sections, provide a detailed explanation of why.
- Give insight on what you changed or how you addressed their feedback. It is important not only to show what you did but also to explain your own review process.
- End with a cordial phrase or statement that demonstrates your interest or gratitude. Always end on a good note and remember that your response determines the tone of your relationship with the editor.
Keep the five steps for responding to feedback in mind while reading the following brief descriptions of each of the identifiable submission recommendations that contributors may encounter and specific examples of how to respond to them. Notably, many responses go beyond these short examples by sending a detailed description of the publication's reasons for a recommendation. One of the benefits of this review process, as opposed to a simpler "yes or no" process, is that it helps contributors reevaluate their own writing. Additional information or supplementary documents may also be given to help contributors develop their writing skills or revision process. Along with a brief explanation of each suggested recommendation, we provide examples of feedback that may be given within each category as well as models of how to respond.
"Accept for Publication"
A status of "Accept for Publication" is given if the submission is free of large errors and can be coherently understood by the audience (i.e., the reviewer). This status is rarely given to the first submission; rather, it is usually given after one or more rounds of revision and reevaluation.
Even if a manuscript is accepted for publication, additional feedback will likely be given to help improve both the accepted text and the writer's future work. This feedback will provide guidance and insight on how the reviewers (a sample of the article's audience) interpret the submission. Understanding such feedback may be confusing for a first-time contributor, but it presents a great opportunity to learn from others.
Below are some examples of a response for an article that was given an "Accept for Publication" status. The first is an example of this status given on the rare occasion of the first submission. The second was given to a manuscript after being revised and resubmitted for review. Following each reviewer's comments, we offer suggestions about how to respond.
Examples of feedback and response
1a.Thank you for submitting "Title" to The Peer Review, which we are pleased to "Accept for Publication." According to the reviewers, your manuscript makes an important contribution to ______. To continue with the publication process, please review the enclosed comments and reply with your decision to proceed with the publication process.
1b. Thank you for your recommendation of "Accept for Publication" for "Title." I reviewed your comments and have addressed them in the attached supplementary document. I would like to continue in the publication process because I believe that this topic is relevant to writing center studies. Please let me know the next step in the process and I will oblige accordingly.
2a.Thank you for revising and resubmitting "Title" to The Peer Review. We can see that you have addressed our comments. We feel that your revised manuscript adds to current writing center understanding and therefore deem it "Accepted for Publication." Please email us back with your decision on proceeding with the publication process.
2b.Thank you for your recommendation of "Accept for Publication" for "Title." I greatly appreciated the ample feedback I received from the reviewers. I would like to continue in the publication process, so please let me know the next step.
"Revise and Resubmit for Possible Publication"
If a contributor receives a "Revise and Resubmit" recommendation from a journal, it means that the manuscript needs revision. Issues may pertain to organization, structure, or idea development. The reviewer most likely will comment on specific areas within the manuscript that an audience member would not understand. This status is given to most contributors, and it should not be thought of as a failure; it leads to improvement and often yields a publication.
Below is an example of feedback that may be given along with this status and how a contributor might respond. For this type of feedback, it is important to remember that it is okay to disagree with the reviewer's comments if they pertain to authorship. In other words, it is important to explain yourself when responding to the editors. While reviewers may misunderstand the connections being made throughout the manuscript, it is the author's job to respond and revise the sections so that the purpose of


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Dr. Lai has been appointed as the Director-General of WRA since November 2016. Prior to that, he was the Deputy Director-General and the Chief Secretary of WRA, the Director of Southern Region Water Resources Office (Jul. 2011-Feb. 2014). His career in WRA started from being an engineer within the 4th River management Office, then the Chief within the Water Management Division, the director of Construction Division and the Chief Engineer within the Central Region Water Resources Office. He has extensive experience in the field of water resources management.
Dr. Lai received his master's degree and Ph.D. in Soil and Water Conservation at National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan. In 1998, he received scholarship for studying Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing System in the University of Florida. Also in 2001, he received the invitation as a visiting scholar for University of California, Berkeley on the topic of river ecological restoration.
During Dr. Lai's career, he was dedicated to many important governmental projects, including the construction of levees, dikes and dams. During the Chi-Chi Earthquake, he hosted the emergency measure plan for the Cao Ling landslide dammed lake. He also hosted the Tseng Wen Reservoir trans-watershed diversion project and sediment sluicing tunnel project. Many projects under his leadership have received awards; for instance, the Improvement Project for the Tseng Wen Reservoir and the Headrace Channel Construction Project for the Hushan Dam, both received the Golden Quality Awards from Public Construction Commission. To recognize his hard work, WRA bestowed the Outstanding Senior Award on him in 2006, and the Executive Yuan awarded him the Model Civil Servant Award in 2007.


'how long is a piece of string?': meaning and early occurrences
Of American-English origin, the phrase how long is a piece of string? is a response to a question that cannot be answered precisely, although a precise answer seems to be expected.
—Cf. also the phrases:
time flies? you cannot: they go too fast
silent like the 'p' in swimming
why is a mouse when it spins? because the higher the fewer
These are the earliest occurrences of the phrase how long is a piece of string? that I have found, in chronological order:
1-: From The Lawrence Daily Journal (Lawrence, Kansas) of Tuesday 1st September 1885:
Orange Growing in Florida.
Correspondence of the New York Sun.
"How long does it take an orange grove to come into bearing?" The question was asked by a northern man in an earnest, deliberate way, that was intended to evoke a candid reply from the orange grower to whom it was put.
"How long is a piece of string?" returned the orange grower.
If he had been disposed to attempt an answer he might have said truthfully that an oronge [sic] grove will "come into bearing" in from six months to 15 or 20 years from the time of starting it, and that whether the interval is half a year or a fifth of a century depends almost wholly upon the wish of the owner.
2-: From The Railway Age (Chicago: The Railway Age Publishing Company) of Friday 3rd February 1888:
How much does it cost a mile to build a railway? This is an extremely indefinite question, and yet, in substance, it is repeatedly propounded as a matter of mere curiosity. How large is a piece of coal, and how long is a piece of string, would be fully as sensible questions as to ask the cost of a mile of railway where the topography of the line, character of work to be done, number and kind of bridges, weight of rail, number of ties per mile, and numerous other considerations are not specified.
3-: From the Linn County Clarion (Mound City, Kansas) of Friday 9th March 1888:
A correspondent from Wall Street writes the Clarion to know "when men will cease lying." Dear questioner, how long is a piece of string?
4-: From The Indianapolis Journal (Indianapolis, Indiana) of Friday 27th November 1891—quoting The Mirror and Farmer (Manchester, New Hampshire):
How often do we hear the question asked: "How much does it cost to produce a pound of milk?" It is like asking: "How long is a piece of string?" As strings vary in length, so milk varies in cost.
5-: From Annual Reports of the Dairymen's and Creameries' Associations of the Province of Ontario 1892 (Toronto: Printed by Warwick & Sons for the Ontario Department of Agriculture, 1893):
A Member: How many tons do you get to the acre?
Mr. Gould: Well, how long is a piece of string? Your question is a perfectly fair one, but under no system of agriculture can a man be sure of raising so much per acre. If we get sixteen to eighteen tons of good ensilage corn per acre we are satisfied.
6-: From the column Varieties, published in the Columbus Evening Dispatch (Columbus, Ohio) of Friday 19th July 1895:
New York is wrestling with the question, "What constitutes a meal?" It would be almost as wise to discuss, "How long is a piece of string?" Two unknown quantities figure in the problem—the amount of ready cash and the state of the person's appetite.
Various jocular replies to how long is a piece of string? have been made up, in particular twice the length from the middle to the end and variants.
For example, the following is from the column The Other Fellow, by Ad Schuster, published in the Oakland Tribune (Oakland, California) of Thursday 21st March 1935:
In the Farm Credit Administration applicants lined up for jobs and were given tests of a kind which some find so delightful.
"How long is a piece of string?" was one question. And another: "How far can a dog run in the woods?"
Now, the cute little trick is that you are supposed to write down "no answer," and if you do anything else you miss.
But there was one fellow who replied, "a piece of string is twice as long as the distance from the center to either end"; and, "a dog can run only half way into the woods; after that he is running out."
We don't know whether this man got the job he was after or not, but we think he should have the one held by the expert who was asking the foolish questions.
The same joke occurs in Mutt and Jeff, a comic strip by Al Smith (Albert Schmidt – _PHONE_), published in the Fort Worth Star-Telegram (Fort Worth, Texas) of Wednesday 28th April 1937:
Jeff Unbuttons a Couple of Wise Cracks
Think I'll have some fun with the little dumbbell – I'll ask him some trick questions that nobody can answer!
Jeff, you're a pretty smart guy – How long is a piece of string?
How long is a piece of string?
A piece of string is twice the length of that part between the center and either end!
O.K. Answer this one – How far can a dog run into the woods?
A dog can run only half way into the woods, after that he is running out of the woods!
Any more?


Dominion Energy Moves Ahead With Electric School Bus Program
Dominion Energy is moving forward with its electric school bus program with 50 electric school buses being introduced to 16 localities in Virginia
Dominion Energy Electric School Bus
Electric school buses will soon be on the roads in Virginia safely carrying children and reducing emissions as Dominion Energy moves forward with the nation's largest electric school bus deployment. Phase one will bring 50 electric school buses to 16 localities within Dominion Energy's Virginia service area by the end of 2020.
The electric school buses will serve as a grid resource by creating additional energy storage technology to support the company's integration of distributed renewables such as solar and wind. The "vehicle-to-grid" technology leverages the bus batteries to store and inject energy onto the grid during periods of high demand when the buses are not needed for transport. The buses also provide environmental and health benefits through reduced emissions and reduce operation and maintenance costs for schools by up to 60 percent.
"We are excited to move forward with our commitment to bringing the benefits of electric school buses to the customers and communities we serve," said Dominion Energy chairman, president and CEO Thomas F. Farrell, II. "This is an innovative, sustainable solution that will help the environment, protect children's health, make the electric grid stronger, and free up money for our schools."
This initial deployment will bring electric school buses to each of the company's operating regions. Localities were selected based on the benefit the batteries would bring to the electric grid.
This is just the first step in a larger initiative to replace diesel-powered buses with electric buses. Phase two of the project, with state approval, would expand the program to bring at least 1,000 additional electric school buses online by 2025. Once phase two is fully implemented, the buses' batteries could provide enough energy to power more than 10,000 homes. Phase three would set the goal to have 50 percent of all diesel bus replacements in Dominion Energy's footprint be electric by 2025 and 100 percent by 2030.
Replacing diesel-powered school buses with electric school buses will have a positive impact on the environment and improve air quality. An electric school bus produces zero emissions. Replacing a diesel bus with an electric bus is the equivalent of taking 5.2 cars off the road. If fully implemented, by 2025, the program would be the equivalent of removing more than 5,000 cars from the road per year. That means lower carbon dioxide emissions and cleaner, healthier air for everyone, especially children.
Ayush Verma
Ayush Verma


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Название: Energy Efficiency in Communications and Networks
Автор: Sameh Gobriel
Размер: 6 Mb
The topic of "Energy Efficiency in Communications and Networks" attracts growing attention due to economical and environmental reasons. The amount of power consumed by information and communication technologies (ICT) is rapidly increasing, as well as the energy bill of service providers. According to a number of studies, ICT alone is responsible for a percentage which varies from 2% to 10% of the world power consumption. Thus, driving rising cost and sustainability concerns about the energy footprint of the IT infrastructure.


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When it comes to Spanish-style colonial charm, few cities in the Western Hemisphere can rival Old San Juan. But that doesn't mean that Puerto Rico's historical significance is exclusively within the capital city's walls. Roughly 100 miles southwest of San Juan, the lovely town of San Germán holds the venerable distinction of being Puerto Rico's second oldest city.
Founded in 1573 and named after King Ferdinand the Catholic's second wife Germaine of Foix, San Germán became the island's first settlement outside of San Juan. Its significance was such that the island was first divided into the San Juan Party and the San Germán Party. The town also became the focal point from which other settlements were established, thus earning the nickname 'Ciudad Fundadora de Pueblos' (roughly, Town-Founding City).
But while San Juan went on to grow exponentially beyond the old city walls and other cities like Ponce, Mayagüez, Arecibo or Caguas grew in population and importance, San Germán remained a sleepy colonial town and one of the best-kept secrets within the island.
From a historical perspective, San Germán's most famous landmark is Porta Coeli Church. One of the earliest examples of Gothic architecture in the Americas, the chapel was originally built as a convent in 1609 by the Dominican Order. It was reconstructed during the 18th century and expanded with a single nave church of rubble masonry. Listed in 1976 in the U.S. National Register of Historic Places, Porta Coeli was restored by the Institute of Puerto Rican Culture and now houses the Museo de Arte Religioso, which showcases religious paintings and wooden carvings dating back from the 18th and 19th centuries.
Porta Coeli overlooks quaint Plazuela Santo Domingo, an elonganted, cobblestoned square enclosed by pastel-colored, colonial-style houses. A block away sits the town's main square, Plaza Francisco Mariano Quiñones, where the operational church of San Germán de Auxerre is located. Both Porta Coeli and San Germán de Auxerre are part of the San Germán Historic District, which was also listed in the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1994 and includes about 100 significant buildings.
Though San Germán has long since lost its 16th-century designation as Puerto Rico's most important city after San Juan, the town is nonetheless a regional powerhouse in southwestern Puerto Rico, housing important insitutions as the main campus of Universidad Interamericana (Interamerican University). Sports enthusiasts will also appreciate that the city is considered "The Cradle of Puerto Rican Basketball" as it is home to one of the island's oldest and most succesful basketball franchises, Atléticos de San Germán (San Germán Athletics).


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Your students are obsessed with social media, but can they act it out without words?? Crowd Charades (Social Media Edition) flips the classic game of charades on its head and gets your entire crowd involved. Choose two contestants (or more) to come up front and have them compete to see who can guess the answer as the ENTIRE audience acts it out. Encourage the crowd to work together and watch as hilarity ensues!
This Resource Includes:
- Complete PowerPoint game file
- Individual (10 Rounds + tiebreaker) game slides (jpeg files)
- Blank slide for customization (jpeg file)
- Title slide (jpeg file)


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Dolphin Research Projects
Capricorn Cetaceans Project
For more information about the Capricornia Cetaceans Project.
Dolphins & Estuaries
The dolphins accessing the estuarine and river systems of New South Wales are significant because of the dolphins' vulnerability to both the affects made by humans to their environment and naturally occurring environmental changes. River and coastal dolphins are one of the first cetaceans to suffer these impacts.
Research projects being undertaken in collaboration with Dolphin Research Australia Inc. and the Southern Cross University Marine Ecology Research Centre include studying the impacts of increasing coastal development on dolphin communities and assessing the risk factors to dolphin survival and occupancy in estuaries of Australia. The research focuses on dolphin habitat use patterns, site fidelity and population dynamics of estuarine areas. Results on how flood events and water quality components affect the dolphins' use of estuaries have also been assessed.
Other Dolphin Projects
The Marine Ecology Research Centre works in collaboration with Dolphin Research Australia Inc. on the Moreton Bay Dolphin Research Project and the Byron Bay Dolphin Research Project. You can find more information about these projects on the Dolphin Research Australia Inc. website.


Overcoming Challenges as an Entrepreneur with Disabilities
Life isn't easy when it comes to being a Person with Disabilities (PWDs). Whether its access to public transport, doing sports, going to school, or many other things we take for granted, PWDs often face challenges due to their physical disabilities.
With the social stigma PWDs face everyday, securing a job is especially hard for them as society often views them as a burden or unable to contribute to the community. This has greatly impacted not just their livelihood, but their self-esteem as well, despite their individual talent and skills.
At PSC, we often work very closely with the PWD community as we believe they have the ability to create opportunities for themselves. Through our partnership with Maybank Foundation, the Reach Independence & Sustainable Entrepreneurship (R.I.S.E) program is an Entrepreneurship program that aims to empower the marginalised community, particularly the PWDs, to increase their own income by running their own businesses.
Since 2014, we're constantly inspired by their determination and achievement in becoming successful business owners. Here's how we've seen them overcome their challenges as an entrepreneur.
1. Becoming Mentally Positive
Everyone has their own insecurities, and this is especially true for PWDs. Imagine being told you cannot do certain things because of your physical challenge for so many years and bearing negative remarks by so many people. Its a demotivating thought which often prevents most people in that mental state to even believe they can succeed.
At PSC, we first aim to change that thought through our Awareness and Change module. Participants are taught to change their mindset and FLIP their negative thoughts into positive ones. Through this exercise alone, we've seen many PWDs become motivated in their cause and often they would be able to find ways to work through their challenges.
2. Finding Ways to Work WITH Your Disability
Everybody has their own strengths and weaknesses. And that's why even PWDs need to find ways that could complement their current skills and talent. With a positive attitude, anyone could find something they can do, and use it to their full potential.
We've seen a blind participant become an expert at body massages, a woman with Osteoporosis become a makeup guru, a wheelchair-bound person running a restaurant AND a tailoring business, and even a spinal cord injury victim becoming a specialist at modifying cars for others with disabilities.
Through their determination and strengths, we're inspired by their will to overcome their disabilities and use it to their advantage!
3. Hire People to Help
Running a business doesn't have to be a one-man show. For entrepreneurs with disabilities, teamwork is essential to a business' success.
As a thriving business owner, we've seen participants' confidence in themselves grow, often forgetting about their physical lack which helps them to hire others and eventually lead a team.
With the success of their growing business, we've seen participants create jobs for their community where fellow PWDs are given jobs and even able bodies individuals are also employed by them. This in turn has helped increase efficiency in the business operations as well as expanding the business.
4. Learn Proper Techniques as an Entrepreneur
Like any other business owner, knowledge is power and that's what we equip our participants with. Through our entrepreneurship program, participants are taught essential topics that can be easily implemented into their businesses such as the Blue Ocean theory, Sales Strategies, Customer Analysis, Customer Value Proposition, Financial Management and more.
With the proper training and mentoring, we've seen participants with disabilities soar through the success of their businesses. As a PWD, this is especially encouraging when they are given the right opportunity.
As an entrepreneur with disabilities, being physically challenged is not an issue in becoming a successful business owner. At PSC, we strongly believe that anyone with the right mindset and proper training has the chance of creating their own opportunities.
To learn more about our programs and how YOU can make a significant change in the world, email us at _EMAIL_
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You can contact us by using our form below
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(Yicai Global) Oct. 10 -- China's Ministry of Land and Resources has reiterated its stance on locations of new solar power plants in the country. Development of the facilities remains strictly prohibited in areas where such projects are banned by national laws and regulations, Chen Guoqing, deputy director of the ministry's Land Use Management Division said at a press briefing today.
Photovoltaic power generation projects must also comply with environmental construction and management requirements, he added. Unused land should be used for new projects rather than farming or arable land.
The law also does not allow permanent solar plants, in any form, to occupy basic farmland.
Regarding the management of farmland and unused land used for photovoltaic power generation projects, no installations apart from the pile foundation are allowed to damage any of a field's plowing layers, he added.
Local energy departments remain responsible for clearing away solar projects that are unable to be connected to the power grid. The land must then be restored to its original form, and those who violate these requirements will not only face punishment but also be added to an energy sector blacklist.


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In some motion planning problems, you might not want just any valid path between your start and goal states. You might be interested in the shortest path, or perhaps the path that steers the farthest away from obstacles. In these cases you're looking for an optimal path: a path which satisfies your constraints (connects start and goal states without collisions) and also optimizes some path quality metric. Path length and path clearance are two examples of path quality metrics. Motion planners which attempt to optimize path quality metrics are known as optimizing planners.
In order to perform optimal planning, you need two things:
- A path quality metric, or optimization objective.
- An optimizing motion planner
You can specify a path quality metric using the
ompl::base::OptimizationObjective class. As for the optimizing planner, OMPL currently provides several planners that guarantee asymptotic optimality of returned solutions (see the list of available planners). You can find out more about asymptotic optimality in motion planning by checking out this paper by Karaman and Frazzoli.
CForest parallelization framework
OMPL includes support for the CForest parallelization framework, boosting the convergence of optimal planners. Learn more about CForest.
OMPL comes with several predefined optimization objectives:
- path length
- minimum path clearance
- general state cost integral
- mechanical work
Each of these optimization objectives defines a notion of the cost of a path. In OMPL we define cost as a value accrued over a motion in the robot's configuration space. In geometric planning, a motion is fully defined by a start state and an end state. By default, these objectives attempt to minimize the path cost, but this behavior can be customized. We also assume that the cost of an entire path can be broken down into an accumulation of the costs of the smaller motions that make up the path; the method of accumulation (e.g. summation, multiplication, etc.) can be customized.
OMPL also provides users with the ability to combine objectives for multi-objective optimal planning problems by using the
To maximize computational efficiency, OMPL assumes that the cost of a path can be represented with one
double value. In many problems one value will suffice to fully define the optimization objective, even if we're working with a multi-objective problem. In these cases, the cost of a path can be represented as a weighted sum of the costs of the path under each of the individual objectives which make up the multi-objective.
However, there are problems that cannot be exactly represented with this assumption. For instance, OMPL cannot represent a multi-objective which combines the following two objectives:
- minimizing path length
- maximizing minimum clearance
The reason why these two objectives cannot be combined is because we need more than one value to perform the accumulation of the path cost. We need one value to hold the accumulation of length along the path, and another value to hold the the minimum clearance value encountered so far in the path. Therefore, the multi-objective problems that cannot be represented in OMPL are those where the individual objectives do not share a cost accumulation function. We note that the above objective can be approximated by combining a path length objective with a state cost integral objective where state cost is a function of clearance.
Want to learn more?
Check out these tutorials:
and the optimal planning demo.


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Overview: Pollen filters as a tool in preventative corporate fleet maintenance"
Maintaining a corporate fleet goes beyond ensuring operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness; it also has a significant impact on employee well-being. However, air quality within fleet vehicles directly affects the respiratory health and overall comfort of employees, potentially influencing their productivity and job satisfaction. By understanding the importance of pollen filters and implementing effective maintenance strategies can demonstrate a commitment to employee welfare while reaping the benefits of a healthier and more content workforce.
The Role of Pollen Filters:
Pollen filters, also known as cabin air filters, are designed to trap airborne particles such as dust, pollen, mold spores, and other allergens, preventing them from entering the vehicle's interior through the ventilation system. However. the efficient functioning of pollen filters not only improves the air quality inside the vehicle but also contributes to the overall health and comfort of employees who regularly use these vehicles.
Employee Health Care Implications:
Respiratory Health: Poor air quality can exacerbate respiratory conditions, leading to discomfort and reduced productivity. Clean air, filtered from allergens and pollutants, can help prevent respiratory issues and promote better lung health among employees.
Allergen Control: Many employees suffer from allergies, and prolonged exposure to allergens during their commutes or work-related travels can lead to chronic discomfort and decreased work performance.
Job Satisfaction: Providing a comfortable and healthy environment demonstrates an employer's commitment to the well-being of its employees, contributing to higher job satisfaction and morale.
Productivity: Employees who are not suffering from health-related discomfort are likely to be more focused, energetic, and productive, ultimately benefiting the organization's bottom line.
Effective Corporate Fleet Maintenance Strategies:
Regular Filter Replacement: Pollen filters should be replaced according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Neglecting timely replacements can lead to reduced filtration efficiency and compromised air quality.
Filter Quality: Choosing high-quality pollen filters can enhance their performance and ensure effective allergen and pollutant removal.
Air Circulation System Maintenance: Regular maintenance of the ventilation system, including cleaning ducts and vents, prevents the accumulation of particles and ensures proper air circulation.
Regularly replacing and maintaining pollen filters in corporate vehicles is of paramount importance for protecting the health and well-being of employees by ensuring clean and healthy cabin air. Here's why this practice is essential:
Respiratory Health: Pollen filters are designed to trap particles like dust, pollen, allergens, and pollutants that can be present in the air. When these particles are not filtered out, employees can inhale them, leading to respiratory issues such as allergies, asthma, and other respiratory disorders. Regular filter maintenance ensures that the air inside the vehicle remains free from these harmful particles, safeguarding the employees' respiratory health.
Preventing Illness: Poor air quality within a vehicle can increase the chances of employees falling ill due to inhaling airborne pathogens and pollutants. Regular maintenance of pollen filters helps reduce the presence of such harmful elements, thereby decreasing the likelihood of employees getting sick and subsequently missing work days. This translates to better attendance and productivity.
Enhanced Productivity: Clean and healthy cabin air has a direct impact on employee well-being and comfort during their work commutes or business travels. When employees are exposed to fresh and filtered air, they are more likely to feel alert, focused, and energized. This, in turn, can lead to improved concentration, decision-making, and overall productivity.
Employee Morale and Satisfaction: Providing a safe and comfortable working environment, even during transit, demonstrates an organization's commitment to its employees' welfare. When employees perceive that their health and well-being are valued, their job satisfaction and morale tend to increase. This positive sentiment can lead to better employee retention and a more harmonious work atmosphere.
In conclusion, regularly replacing and maintaining pollen filters in corporate vehicles is a proactive measure that directly contributes to the health, comfort, and overall well-being of employees. Clean and healthy cabin air ensures that employees remain free from allergens, pollutants, and other harmful particles, leading to improved respiratory health, enhanced productivity, higher job satisfaction, and reduced absenteeism. This practice not only benefits employees but also reinforces an organization's commitment to their welfare, ultimately creating a positive and conducive work environment.


Harvey Karp
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Dr. Harvey Karp
Harvey Neil Karp (born 1951) is an American pediatrician, best known for the techniques he has developed and popularized for calming infants. He is the author of two books, The Happiest Baby on the Block, published in 2002, and its 2004 sequel, The Happiest Toddler on the Block.[1]
Karp's technique[edit]
The technique is designed to recreate the essential elements of the experience of living in the womb. Human babies, according to Karp, are born less-developed than other mammals. The first three months of life Karp calls the "fourth trimester". Karp believes there is a "calming reflex" that causes babies to instantly relax when they are given clues that they are safe inside the womb. There are five parts of the technique he calls the "five S's".
 1. Swaddling: Tight swaddling recreates the confinement of the womb.
 2. Side/Stomach position: Holding the baby on the right side slightly face down.
 3. Shushing: Karp uses a loud "ssh" sound similar to the loud white noise that is present in the womb.
 4. Swinging (and jiggling): Gentle but constant jiggling (especially of the head) is intended to remind babies of the constant motion they experienced in the womb.
 5. Sucking: Karp also recommends the use of pacifiers.
CBS news reports that "Critics say Karp is riding to fame on the strength of his patients' VIP parents, who include Michelle Pfeiffer, Pierce Brosnan and Madonna. Endorsements from several stars appear on his book jacket and video cover."[1] Some doctors have also expressed concern that babies may accidentally be left to sleep face down, a position which increases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome. Karp explicitly warns parents not to leave babies in this position.[2] Ralph Frenken has argued against Karp's recommendation of the use of tight swaddling and the concept of a "calming reflex".[3]
 1. ^ a b AP (2002-10-21), Can This Man Keep Your Baby Quiet?, CBS News, retrieved 23 October 2008
 2. ^ Falcon, Mike; Shoop, Stephen A. (2002-09-09), "Happy baby doctor" calms colic crying, USA Today, retrieved 23 October 2008
 3. ^ Frenken, Ralph (2011). Psychology and history of swaddling: Part two – The abolishment of swaddling from the 16th century until today. In: The Journal of Psychohistory, 39 (3), p. 219-245.
External links[edit]


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Oil is moved from the well head to the refinery by two methods. The first is to store the crude at the well head in factory constructed tanks or use pipelines to bring the oil straight from wellheads to the refinery. Almost all productive oil fields use pipelines. There are thousands and thousands of 2" pipelines crisscrossing hundreds of miles of oil fields across the country. And all of these pipelines need to be tested.
Unfortunately, the system used most often for testing oil pipelines is costly, time-intensive and unable to provide much useful information. Based on 100 year-old technology using dead weights, volumetric pipeline testing is the source of problems in a number of ways:
- Time: Pipelines only make money when they are moving product, but pipelines must be shut down for 4 or 5 days in order to be tested with dead weights. And that's only if you don't find a leak!
- Accuracy: Dead weight testing requires two different types of technology: determining whether or not there is a leak and locating the leak. They test the pipeline in large 20 mile sections. When they detect a leak in a section, they then split the section in half find out which half the leak is in then contenue splitting the line till it is small enough to dig up the final section.!
- Cost: It costs tens of thousands of dollars to conduct the initial test, which will not even tell you where to find the leak. As they conduct more tests to find the leak, the costs continue to go up. And this doesn't even count the cost of shutting down production for days at a time!
- Evaluation: Using the dead weight system, testers are unable to predict future risk. They can tell you whether or not there is an actual leak at the time of the test. They can tell you how big that leak is once they find it. But they cannot tell you which parts of the pipeline are high risk areas for potential future leaks.
- Pressure: Dead weight testing requires the pipeline to be tested at 150% of the working pressure. The idea is to try and break the pipeline at any weak point. You have to run water through the pipeline, because if you run the test using oil and find a leak, it could cause additional environmental damage.
- Variables: There are a lot of variables that have to be considered when running these tests. For example, temperature fluctuations can provide faulty test results.
So, what ends up happening?
Once every five years, you use an overly complex and costly testing system that does not even help you plan for the future. With thousands of miles of pipes to monitor, it is easy for leaks to go undetected at some point during the five year interval, and these leaks often lead to major spills with major clean-up costs.
In what other industry are companies across the board willing to take such a monumental risk with their most valued asset? You may think the old volumetric pipeline testing is your only option. Luckily, it isn't.
Learn more about what you can do to protect your pipelines and your product.


Sioo Impregnation
SiOO:X is a highly effective proven system to protect wood of all types
SiOO:X Impregnation is a water based wood impregnation system which uses proven silicate technology and natural materials to give wood long life protection. It is completely safe and environmentally friendly.
SiOO:X Impregnation is a two component system consisting of Premium Wood Protector and Premium Surface Protector prepared for factory application. The components are supplied in 10, 20, 25 and 60 litre containers and 600 and 1000 litre IBC's. Smaller containers in 1, 3 and 5 litre sizes are available for hand application for smaller areas and maintenance and end grain sealing purposes. Sample 250 ml bottles are available.
 The 3 litre containers of Step 1, Premium Wood Protector and Step 2, Premium Surface Protector
The two components are designed to be used together and they interact to create a unique patented effect to protect wood.The effect is due to the properties of the mineral silica. In effect the the method imitates how nature itself protects wood by petrifaction or creation of fossils. The SiOO:X system only contains natural ingredients which are biocide and emission free.
SiOO:X penetrates the wood and gives a light surface that is pleasant to touch and walk on in the case of decking. Apart from the surface being beautiful, it also is a barrier to algae, mould and rot from penetrating the wood. The surface is very easy to wipe down making maintenance simpler. The SiOO:X treatment reinforces and strengthens the wood surface.
The system gives major advantages in: providing long life protection, minimising life time cost, providing all round UV protection with even colouration, toughening the wood surface and developing a beautiful natural silver grey nuance as the timber matures.
The system carries EN 113 classification against fungi and the EN 46 classification against vermin.
The chemical process is described as a mechanical effect without the use of biocides. It is a passive protection mechanism.
Silicon, potassium, natural plant parts and water.


Sunday, July 31, 2011
Async I/O
Below are some of the points about async i/o which was explained by tom:-
DBWR must write blocks to the datafiles and ensure they get written. These blocks are protected by redo in the oneline redo log. Before we can reuse a redo log file, we must ensure that the blocks protected by that redo are safely and totally written to disk.
DBWR can do this in one of two ways. Lets say DBWR has 100 blocks to write to disk. It could:
for i in 1 .. 100
loop
write block X to disk and wait for the OS to tell
us the operation is totally complete (the block is
not buffered by the OS or anything, it is on disk)
end loop
As you can imagine, that would be slow. For each block, we would have to wait for the OS to tell us the block is written. If there was any contention on that disk (eg: another process was reading /writeing that disk), we would have to wait event longer.
Another way is to write the block to disk and not wait for the OS to tell us the block has been written. rather, the OS will "call back" to us and tell us that block X was written. The logic might look like this:
for i in 1 .. 100
loop
write block X and return immediately, don't wait
end loop
now wait for the 100 blocks to "call back" to us, let the OS
do its work and wait.
In this case, we give the OS all of the work we want done and let it schedule it as fast as it can. While it is off doing its thing, we are submitting yet more blocks to be written. We can get some parallel processing going on here and things go faster.
When the OS does not support async IO, we can use mutliple processes to mimick it. DBWR will use the slaves to do the syncronous writes and use many of them simultaneously.
When the slaves are done, they call be to DBWR just like the OS would.
Question:-
Hi Tom,
Now i understood about DBWR SLAVE process.
another question.
Accouring to your reply DBWR process is coordinator and SALVES are the processes which are doing real work.
1)Does that mean there is always DBWR SLAVE process in the database for DBWR process?
2)How many DBWR SLAVE process we can have in database?
I know there is DBWRnnn Parameter in init.ora file.
3)MULTIPLE DBWR SALVE process will distribute dirty buffers write to disk. Am i right?
Answer:-
1) No, if your server supports asynch IO then there would be no point having slaves for the DBWR process since slaves are used to simulate asynch IO
2) There is an init ora parameter db_writer_processes which controls the number of DBWR processes.The maximum number of DBWR processes is 10, most systems
have 1 DBWR but on large multi CPU machines it is set higher.
If you change DBWR_PROCESSES you should also configure DB_BLOCK_LRU_LATCHES. This controls the number of LRU (least recently used) list latches. It is recommended
each DBWR process have it's own list.
There is a seperate parameter for SLAVES called DBWn_IO_SLAVES.
3) Yes the DBWR or it's SLAVE writes dirty blocks from the buffer cache to disk.
Multiple DBWR are more efficient then SLAVES because the buffer cache is effectively partitioned such that each database writer process maintains a disjoint set of buffers. The allows the buffer cache processing to be parallelized across the available database writer processes.
DBWR IO slaves do not parallelize buffer processing because a single DBWR is used to allocate work to the I/O slaves. IO slaves I suspect will have a higher overhead
then multiple DBWRs since there is IPC communication between the Master DBWR and it's slaves which results in context switches.
Multi DBWR I believe divide the buffer cache into equal sized groups of buffers (working sets).
The working sets are assigned to the DBWRs in a round robin fashion which ensures each receives a share of the different pools such as keep, recycle default etc.
The number of working sets is defined by the number of LRU latches.
I have noticed that a recovery after a shutdown abort is faster with a single DBWR then with multiple DBWRs and I haven't worked out why yet. There is no appreciable
difference when starting the database with multi DBWR after normal or immediate shutdown.
Since I don't work for Oracle I could be completely wrong but hopefully Tom will comment on what I have said.
-------------
Synch I/O = Blocking I/O where a process waits (does not return) till the O/S completes the I/O
Asynch I/O = Non-Blocking I/O where a process does not wait for the O/S to complete the I/O, but rather continues with its processing and the O/s sends back a signal to the process to indicate the I/O completion.
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To keep up to date with our events and offerings subscribe to our email list!
NATURE PLAY EVENTS
Nature Play SA partners with councils, state government, education providers, local businesses, and corporate partners to deliver nature play events for local communities.
With a vision to connect children with nature through outdoor learning and play, we deliver events ranging from small school holiday programs, bespoke events, to major partnership events for thousands of families.
Our events engage families and groups in nature through play, creativity, curiosity, meaningful experiences in nature, and open-ended play.
- This event has passed.
Family Nature Walk in Woorabinda Bushland Reserve; water birds, frogs and life in stringy bark forests
September 18, 2022 @ 9:30 AM - 11:45 AM
Family Nature Walk in Woorabinda Bushland Reserve: waterbirds, frogs, and life in stringybark forests
Sunday 18 September
Session One: 9.30am to 10.30am
Session Two: 10.45am to 11.45am
Cost: $5 per person
Take a guided family nature walk through a stringybark forest that surrounds Woorabinda Lake where you'll learn to identify waterbirds, recognise frog calls, and learn about the wildlife that lives in Stringybark Forests. We'll also learn common bush birds and wander along paths to discover unique wildflowers.
Please where enclosed shoes, bring drinking water and sun protection.
This project is being funded by the Department of Environment and Water's Nature-based Tourism Small Grants Program.
Interested in hosting your own Nature Play SA Event Experience? SEE OUR OFFERINGS


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South Shetland Islands
61° 00' to 63° 37'S, 53° 83' to 62°
- A 540 km chain of four main island
groups, some are volcanic, including eleven major islands (Elephant
and Clarence Islands; King George and Nelson Islands; Robert, Greenwich,
Livingston, Snow, and Deception Islands; Smith and Low Islands)
and several minor ones with many islets and rocks. Located about
120 km north of the Antarctic Peninsula in the Southern Ocean.
- Area: 3687 km².
- Highest elevation: 2105 m (Mount
Foster, Smith Island).
- About 80 % glaciated.
- Sighted and first landing 1819,
sealers arrived 1820.
- Permanent occupation (scientific
station) from 1944 (previously sealers and a scientific expedition
wintered unintentionally, and a garrison was deployed briefly).
Whaling station operated at Deception Island 1912-31.
- British territory, part of British
Antarctic Territory; also claimed by Argentina, part of 'Antartida
Argentina'; and Chile, part of 'Territorio Chileno Antartico' (under
the aegis of the Antarctic Treaty).


The Absentee Ballot Law Should be Changed for the November Election
The absentee ballot law should be changed so that people who fear COVID-19 can vote by absentee ballot during next November's presidential election. Voters should not have to choose between their health and their freedom to vote.
It is encouraging that Connecticut is having fewer new cases, fewer hospitalizations, and fewer deaths from the disease than it was a couple of months ago, but the pandemic is still raging in other parts of the nation. We just don't know what is going to happen next fall when people are back at work, back in school, and interacting in more familiar ways. And the scientists do not really know how the spread of other viruses next fall might affect the transmission of COVID-19.
People are already casual about wearing protective masks and maintaining social distancing even though the danger has not been eliminated.
Voting is heaviest during presidential election years, and there have been times in previous elections when the voting lines got backed up. If a voter is wary of ignoring the advice of the consensus of health care professionals, they may sensibly want to avoid going to a public gathering place if they are able.
The law gives six reasons why a person can get an absentee ballot. One of them is because of his or her illness. But some people with the coronavirus are pre-symptomatic or asymptomatic. That means that there would be people who were sick with COVID-19 who would feel that they did not legally qualify for an absentee ballot even though they were actually sick.
So the law, as it currently stands, can fail to meet the very standard that it purports to meet by compelling some people, sick with a potentially dangerous disease, to vote in person at the polling place. If left unchanged, the law will lead to an illogical and absurd situation.
It is not reasonable to oppose changing the absentee ballot law to allow people to avoid going to the polls in person as long as the coronavirus still presents a real danger to the public. The law for voting by absentee ballot should be changed, at least until there is substantial evidence that the pandemic has actually passed or there is an effective COVID-19 vaccine.


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Tue February 19, 2013
WMU speaker considers "health equity"
The federal government says black babies are up to three times more likely to die than white infants. And the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say more African-Americans suffer from high blood pressure than whites do. Those and other disparities in health and health care are the subject of the annual Burian Lecture on Wednesday, February 20th, at Western Michigan University.
Brian Gibbs is an assistant professor at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. He says the problem involves much more than differences in rates of disease. That's because minorities disproportionately live in areas with high poverty rates and more pollution as well as lower access to health care services and healthy food.
Gibbs says differences in a person's situation can have big effects on the results of health care that is available. He says the first step toward solving the problem is getting more and better data to determine what exactly the challenges are.
The training of physicians, nurses, and other health care workers is also an issue. Gibbs says doctors and others should be trained to be able to deal appropriately with patients from all backgrounds.
Gibbs' public presentation Health Inequality: Barriers, Challenges, and Solutions at WMU's Fetzer Center starts Wednesday at 5:30 p.m. and is sponsored by Western's College of Health and Human Services. Gibbs will also give the keynote address Diversity and Inclusion: Preparing Ourselves to Advance Health Equity at a conference Thursday in Western's Health and Human Services Building. The conference is from 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. and is also open to the public.


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We are proud to announce the forthcoming Arclight Guidebook to Media History and the Digital Humanities!
Placing the field of media history into dialogue with the digital humanities, the book explores and raise new questions about researching media history within the context of digital archives, tools, and methods. Across seventeen chapters, contributing authors discuss the ways in which they are using or building digital technologies, assessing strengths and weaknesses, and responding to successes and failures. Topics explored include search, maps, big data, text mining, video analytics, databases, networks, and new forms of publication. We have sought to produce a guidebook that surveys media history scholarship's current relationship with DH, as well as offer potential pathways for future research.
The Arclight Guidebook is an open access book, published by REFRAME Books in association with Project Arclight. You may freely download the book PDF and EPUB formats.
The book will be available for download in June 2016. Here is the table of contents and structure of the book:
Section I: Searching and Mapping investigates the ways in which the processes of searching and mapping tools can impact media history research, in both limiting and fruitful ways. Covering portable projectors (Wasson), film exhibition and digital newspaper archives (Waller), digital geospatial software (Horak), and institutional media (Hughes), these chapters illustrate how search and mapping functions have been helpful in illuminating these topics' historical relationships to media circulation and distribution, yet require critical reflection to understand these functions' limitations.
Section II: Approaching the Database contains chapters that examine questions revolving around the construction and use of databases in media history research. Ranging from Canadian nontheatrical film (CESIF & Acland), early U.S. cinema (ECHO & Long), global movie showtimes (Kinomatics Project & Verhoeven), and the relationship between classical film theory and the database (Posner), these chapters on various levels describe both theoretically and technically how datasets are created and structured, and interrogate the implications of datasets' organization and metadata on how researchers search through and employ these databases.
Section III: Analyzing Images, Sounds, Words covers methods for studying media history through the use of digital tools. Focusing on Youtube star Michelle Phan and her "Anti-Phans" (Tran), "the bachelor" in American silent film history (Spiro), 1930s Hollywood trade papers and fan magazines (Acland & McKelvey), "small data" analytics via video-editing software (Jacobs & Fyfe), and film splicing and digital surrealism (Ferguson), these chapters showcase a wide range of digital tools to share their methods, discoveries, and lessons, as well as their failed or limited results along the way.
Section IV: Process, Product, and Publics gathers work that reflects on the workflows of researching, producing, and sharing media history scholarship. Using different platforms and topics–TV soap opera & DevonThink (Levine), the American advertising industry & Tumblr (Meyers), historical media collections & the Media Ecology Project (Williams), and recognizing DH activities within academia (Hoyt)–these chapters outline how digital tools and workflows have shaped their research questions, processes, and how they spread their work.
Using digital resources has become an essential part of how we research media history. We hope this collection encourages an exciting, yet critical engagement with digital research methods, and appeals to all levels of (digital) media historians!