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Lowell Community Church in Everett burns on December 31, 1984.
HistoryLink.org Essay 10263
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On December 31, 1984, in the early morning hours, Everett's oldest church building, the Lowell Community Church (5216 S. 2nd Avenue), is destroyed by fire. The structure dates back to 1892, its land and construction materials having been donated by Lowell's founder, Eugene D. Smith (_PHONE_). The old church is considered a total loss, but the congregation will rebuild on the same site.
In September 1863, Eugene D. Smith and Otis Wilson set up a logging camp on the
Snohomish River at a site that eventually would become the town of Lowell.
Smith left in 1865 to try his luck in the Coeur d'Alene Gold Rush,
but came back to the Snohomish River broke and resumed logging. The
Smith camp at Lowell was situated on a hill, about a mile and a half
from the river. Here Smith built a timber-planked railroad to
transport the huge felled trees out of the woods. A 2,000-foot chute
allowed the logs to rapidly drop to the river below, where they were
transported to regional mills. An earlier settler, Reuben Lowe, had
operated a bordello here. In buying out Lowe, Smith decided to name
the proposed town after Lowe's hometown of Lowell, Massachusetts.
Smith platted the
town in 1873 and the community's population continued to grow. The
beginnings of the city of Everett in the fall of 1891 changed
Lowell's future, since part of the development plans included a
paper mill on the Lowell waterfront. Lowell soon became a company
town, focused around the mill. Homes were built and Lowell's
population quickly grew, although the town was never incorporated.
(It became a part of Everett in 1962.)
1891, E. D. Smith donated land and materials for a community church.
Construction began that year and the structure was completed in 1892.
Over the years, it became a source of pride for Lowell, and many
residents attended. An addition to the structure subsequently was built, and the exterior was repainted and the interior refurbished. In the
mid-1980s -- shortly before the fire -- the church was re-sided and
the interior redecorated, the work done by volunteers.
Year's Eve 1984
The Everett Fire Department received
the alarm call at 4:37 a.m. on December 31, 1984. When firefighters
arrived at the scene, the church was completely ablaze, with flames
roaring out through the building's large stained-glass windows and
consuming the second floor. They began fighting the blaze from
outside, then went inside to inspect for several minutes and withdrew
to change fire lines. They watched as the church roof collapsed onto
the place where they had been standing only a few minutes before.
Inspection the following day determined
the fire to have been accidental. It appeared to have started in the
sanctuary near the altar and was likely due to faulty wiring.
Volunteer work and contributions helped to rebuild the church. At
the time of the fire, the congregation was affiliated with the United
Church of Christ Congregational and is, in 2012, the River of Life
Jim Haley, "Everett's Oldest Church
Burns: Lowell Loses Landmark Church," The Herald, December
31, 1984, p. 1; Charles Z. Henderson, The Fire Boys: 100 Years of
Everett Firefighting History, p. 160, 221; "Church at Lowell
Gets Facelifted," The Everett Daily Herald, September 22,
Travel through time (chronological order):
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Set up meeting exclusions
The following describes who does what to initially set up meeting exclusion rules:
 - Owner - Workplace Analytics administrator, data analysts with full access
 - Task - Set meeting exclusion rules to reflect your company's meeting norms and exclude meetings that are not relevant for analysis.
 - Outcome - Workplace Analytics administrators and analysts are satisfied that meeting query results are focused on the data relevant for analysis.
Workplace Analytics uses activities stored in a person's Microsoft 365 email and calendar to reveal internal and external collaboration trends. However, a person's calendar and email can contain a diverse set of activities (such as personal meetings, work-related social activities, all-day training meetings, and so forth) that are not relevant to work-related collaboration, and if included in the metrics, can skew query results.
Analysts can use the Meeting exclusions feature to create custom meeting exclusions that help ensure query results accurately represent relevant meeting norms within their company. Or, analysts may choose to use the default meeting exclusions that exclude a set of meetings that would commonly fall outside relevant collaboration for analysis.
Meeting exclusion rules


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An assessment of present erosion and sedimentation conditions in the Ca?ada de los Alamos basin was made to aid in estimating the impact of off-road-vehicle use on the sediment yield of the basin. Impacts of off-road vehicles were evaluated by reconnaissance techniques and by comparing the study area with other offroad-vehicle sites in California.
Major-storm sediment yields for the basin were estimated using empirical equations developed for the Transverse Ranges and measurements of gully erosion in a representative off-road-vehicle basin. Normal major-storm yields of 73,200 cubic yards would have to be increased to about 98,000 cubic yards to account for the existing level of accelerated erosion caused by off-road vehicles. Long-term sediment yield of the Ca?ada de los Alamos basin upstream from its confluence with Gorman Creek, under present
conditions of off-road-vehicle use, is approximately 420 cubic yards per square mile per year--a rate that is considerably lower than a previous estimate of 1,270 cubic yards per square mile per year for the total catchment area above Pyramid Lake.
Additional publication details
USGS Numbered Series
Reconnaissance assessment of erosion and sedimentation in the Canada de los Alamos basin, Los Angeles and Ventura Counties, California

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Learning Beyond the Classroom
At Riverdale, students are encouraged to spread their wings and expand their minds through a variety of field studies.
Grade School Field Trips and Field Studies
Primary grades enjoy a wide array of field trips complement and enrich the concepts explored throughout the curriculum. Examples of past day trips include the Oregon Coast, OMSI's paleontology lab, Oregon Children's Theater, Jackson Bottoms and Luscher Farms. In addition, many community outreach programs bring specialists and guest speakers into the classroom.
In 3rd and 4th grades, learning is extended beyond the classroom through exciting, relevant field trips such as exploring Bull Run Watershed, a canoe ride along the Willamette River with invasive plant removal, a day in the life of a laborer at Fort Vancouver and an overnight "pioneer" field study experience.
Unique educational experiences include a fall field study trip to Mount St. Helens in 5th grade. Parents join the faculty and students for several days of geological inquiry in a camp-like atmosphere. Other significant 5th grade units of study include a space study and a focus on United States history. 6th graders focus on plant life during a biology-focused field study trip to Outdoor School in the spring, and explore World History and Geography of the Western Hemisphere. Both grades participate in the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife's classroom Salmon and Trout Enhancement Program, raising and releasing fish each year.
Riverdale 7th graders enjoy a unique field studies program constructed to enhance their focus on World History – a week-long medieval-themed camp in the spring. There is also a service-learning focused "Amazing Race" geo-caching day that takes students all over downtown Portland. The 8th grade field study is a capstone trip to Ashland that ties directly with the English curriculum. Students explore the town and see three or four Oregon Shakespeare Festival performances. Not only does this trip serve as a culminating activity for students' grade school experience, it also makes for many positive and lasting memories.
High School Field Studies
Each spring, high school students, faculty and staff participate in our annual week-long field studies. These excursions provide the opportunity to use classroom knowledge in real-world, experiential settings.
- All freshman and new students take part in the Wildhorse excursion run by older student leaders and directors who plan the week's activities. Participants spent the week expanding their social circles and stepping out of their comfort zones. One student described it as "a way for everyone to bond and share what's going on in their life, and you realize that a lot of the things you're going through, everyone else is going through, too."
- Favorites such as Golf Oregon, Photography and Filmmaking will likely return, with numerous other new choices for students each year.
- Additionally, students can apply for week-long internships or request approval for independent college visits.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Daniel Kolibar, Neal Ross, Justin Sherman, Kelsey Armstrong
Feb 12, 2020
In its annual Oil and Gas Review [PDF] published on December 23, 2019, the Alberta Securities Commission (ASC) highlighted concerns related to production disclosure by reporting issuers engaged in oil and gas activities. As our clients head into annual disclosure season, we have summarized certain key guidance points relevant to oil and gas reporting issuers currently readying their continuous disclosure filings, news releases and investor presentations.
Disclosure is required by each product type produced
The ASC reminded reporting issuers that, in order to comply with National Instrument 51-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Oil and Gas Activities, production disclosure must include production based on product type produced, as measured at the first point of sale (i.e., the first point after initial production at which there is a transfer of ownership). If reporting issuers disclose an aggregate production amount using boe/day or a production amount for a by-product (or hydrocarbon component), such as condensate, they will also need to disclose the constituent or related product types that were produced.
This clarification is noteworthy as it rejects the relatively common practice among oil and gas reporting issuers of disclosing an aggregate production amount using boe/day without including the constituent product types produced, and of disclosing by-product or other fluids production (for example, condensate production) without also disclosing the product types produced.
To comply with the ASC's expectations, reporting issuers should ensure that any production disclosure includes each product type and quantity measured at the first point of sale. Product types include conventional natural gas, light crude oil and medium crude oil combined, bitumen, natural gas liquids and shale gas. So, in the case of condensates, it is necessary to also disclose natural gas liquids with which they are associated. Once this "minimum disclosure requirement" is met, reporting issuers can disclose as supplemental disclosure associated by-products and hydrocarbon components at the first point of sale, as well as estimated quantities of product types, by-products and hydrocarbon components expected to be recovered beyond the first point of sale. Accordingly, issuers may not need to significantly change how they are currently disclosing production amounts, so long as the disclosure is expansive enough to include production amounts using product types.
While some reporting issuers may object to the perceived low value of breaking out the overall composition of production by all product types, the ASC cautions that reporting issuers must ensure that disclosure is not misleading where certain product types are excluded – for example, where there are marketable quantities of a particular product type at the first point of sale, even if that product type is of lower value.
Other areas of improvement:
In the Oil and Gas Review, the ASC also noted the following additional concerns relating to production disclosure:
- quantities measured elsewhere than the first point of sale
- disclosure of product type ratios (for example, by percentages) rather than by quantity of each product type – the quantities of production should be disclosed in the same document in which those ratios are disclosed


Image text transcribed for accessibility: Two independent measurements are made of the lifetime of a sub-atomic particle. Each measurement has a standard deviation of 8 times 10-15 seconds. The lifetime of the sub-atomic particle is estimated by averaging the two measurements. What is the standard deviation of this estimate? Round your answer to four decimal places. times 10-15


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TV Spots on Cross-Cutting COVID-19 and Ebola Prevention Behaviors (Mali)
In early 2021, Mali was faced both with the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the challenge of an outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in neighboring Guinea. The Breakthrough ACTION project, in collaboration with the National Communication Sub Commission of the COVID-19 Crisis Committee, developed a French and Bambara TV spot with the theme of "Une Pierre, Deux Coups" (Two birds, one stone) to reinforce key behaviors that help to prevent the transmission of both COVID-19 and Ebola. These aired nationally while the EVD response effort was active.
Source: TV Spots on Cross-Cutting COVID-19 and Ebola Prevention Behaviors (Mali)


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Page updated 24th November 2013
This grand statue at the junction of Hele Road and New North Road was unveiled on 6th September 1905, by the 3rd Earl Fortescue, Lord Lieutenant of Devon, with General Buller, his wife, Lady Audrey and daughter Georgina and thousands of people in attendance.
To raise funds for the statue, 50,000 people subscribed towards its creation. The work of Captain Adrian Jones (_PHONE_), a former vet and cavalry officer, the statue is a typical, although lively, bronze of the type produced in Victorian and Edwardian Britain. It was cast at a foundry at Thames Ditton before conveyance by cart to the Brentford Goods Yard and transportation to Exeter by a GWR train. Jones was also responsible for the four-horse chariot in bronze at Hyde Park Corner.
The statue weighs 4½ tons and stands on a Cornish granite plinth on the site of what was known as the Edinburgh Tree - controversially for the people of Crediton, it faces away from the town, which some thought was a deliberate slight. The granite pedestal, carved by Messrs Pethick of Plymouth, weighs 35 tons and was a gift from Lord St Levan to commemorate the General's connection with Cornwall. The statue depicts Buller astride his favourite horse, 'Biffen', while commanding his troops in South Africa. 'Biffen' and his other horse, 'Ironmonger' were both repatriated after the conflict. On the base is inscribed "He Saved Natal".
A souvenir programme was issued at the time, for citizens to remember the event. The distinguished guests included the Lord Lieutenant of Devon, Viscount Ebrington, and mayors from other parts of the count. After assembling in the Guildhall they walked in procession to Bury Meadow with the 1st Rifle Volunteers providing a guard of honour.
The statue was unveiled by the Lord Lieutenant who was standing in for Lord Wolseley an old friend of the general, who declined to attend due to illness. Viscount Ebrington hoped that the statue would remind future generations of the brilliant service of Devon's most illustrious son. The mayor described the statue as a magnificent gift and work of art to the city. The Exeter Oratorio Society and the city's male voice choir sang Land of Hope and Glory before the National Anthem played by the Band of the 4th Battalion Kings Royal Rifles brought the ceremony to an end.
The bells were rung at Exeter Cathedral and the Band of the 4th Battalion, the Devonshire Regiment performed for the crowds in Northernhay Park, and later, the Belmont and St Thomas pleasure grounds. Tea was served in Bury Meadow for 500 army and navy veterans, many of whom had served with General Buller.
Sir Redvers and Lady Buller and their daughter, Georgiana, were present at the unveiling of the statue, joined other guests at a reception and lunch in the Victoria Hall, Queen Street.
In 1900, General Buller was presented with a sword of honour in a jewelled scabbard by the men and women of Devon for his exploits. It has been put on permanent loan by the Buller family to Exeter and is now part of the city's civic regalia.
Born at Downes near Crediton, Buller was a prominent benefactor in Crediton and Exeter.
Sources: Express and Echo
The bronze statue, partly covered in sacking, on a GWR cart.
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Body Setup Core
Editor Properties: (see get_editor_property/set_editor_property)
bone_name(Name): [Read-Only] Used in the PhysicsAsset case. Associates this Body with Bone in a skeletal mesh.
collision_reponse(BodyCollisionResponse): [Read-Write] Collision Type for this body. This eventually changes response to collision to others *
collision_trace_flag(CollisionTraceFlag): [Read-Write] Collision Trace behavior - by default, it will keep simple(convex)/complex(per-poly) separate *
physics_type(PhysicsType): [Read-Write] If simulated it will use physics, if kinematic it will not be affected by physics, but can interact with physically simulated bodies. Default will inherit from OwnerComponent's behavior.


Question by NaiveAngelAz (15)
Are moth balls harmful to cats?
Answer by BrendaG (6111)
Mothballs are toxic and can cause health problems, but they work in keeping cats from using gardens and plants for litter boxes. Tea leaves sprinkled around gardens and plants is a safe alternative. Cats do not like lavender(nor do deer) or geraniums and keeping those plants would be beneficial. Rue and pennyroyal are two other plants they abhore.
Answer by SandyG (807)
Absolutely. Package has warnings. If you need to use them, place them inside two layers of socks and secure inside clostet so the cat cannot walk off with the sock.
Answer by PMD (41)
Moth balls are very harmful to cats as they contain an offending chemical called naphthalene which is toxic to them.
Answer by Taylor (863)
If your cat ate 1 or 2 he/she should be fine however, if you cat ate a bunch of them you should take him/her to the vet right away. Moth Bolls do contain harmful chemicals but they usually only have a few MG of the active ingredient so it would take a few to cause harm.
Answer by Anonymous
Cats don't eat anything that is not appealing to them. Very unlike dogs, that will eat anything. With their keen sense of smell, a cat would back away from moth balls.
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Table of Contents
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 1. Version 6.4.3
 2. Version 6.4 HotFix 2
 3. Version 6.4 HotFix 1
 4. Version 6.4
 5. Version 6.3
 6. Version 6.2 Hot Fix 2
 7. Version 6.2 Hot Fix 1
 8. Version 6.2
 9. Version 6.1.1
 10. Version 6.1
Release Guide
Release Guide
Limit Rows in Query Results
Limit Rows in Query Results
Effective in version 6.3, when you connect to the Data Vault through a JDBC or an ODBC connection, you can limit the number of rows in the query results. For example, you might want to see a few rows in the results to verify that a query generates the results correctly.
To limit the number of rows in the results, add the
LIMIT
condition to the
SELECT
statement.
Use the following syntax:
<SELECT statement> LIMIT <maximum number of rows in the results>;
Example:
The following statement limits the results to the first 5 rows of the Accounts table.
SELECT col1, col2 FROM Accounts LIMIT 5;
Previously, you could use the LIMIT function only if you connected to the Data Vault through the ssasql Command Line Program.
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Field Dressing Deer for Beginners: Best Practices
In this blog post, we will be discussing how to field dress a deer. Field dressing is an essential step in the process of harvesting game meat. If you don't field dress your deer, it can spoil and ruin your meat before you ever get it home or cooked! The best way to learn how to field dress a deer for beginners is by watching someone who knows what they are doing and asking questions when needed. All too often, people try to wing it on their own only to end up with a mess of blood all over themselves and no idea what they did wrong. In this blog post, I will give you everything that you need so that you can do things right the first time around!
Harvesting Game Meat
You may be wondering why you need to harvest game meat. Well, deer meat is not like beef or chicken. It needs to be harvested and appropriately dressed for it to taste good! Deer meat, in particular, can go wrong quickly, especially if you let it sit out for too long. The good news is that if you know how to field dress a deer correctly, you can have fresh meat on the table in as little as an hour! This is, of course, if you are close to your home.
The Process of Field Dressing a Deer
Field dressing is the process of removing all internal organs from an animal. Before you can do this, it is necessary to remove any entrails in or near the animal's abdominal cavity. The next step would be to skin out and quarter your deer carcass. Cutting off the legs just above where they meet with the body will make them easier to handle when transporting back home! Once field dressed, a deer should weigh around 100 pounds on average, which means that if you're hunting for meat alone, then one deer should provide enough food for your family as long as you plan by freezing (or storing) some cuts now so that there won't be anything left over after the field dressing is complete.
Tools Used
The tools used to field dress a deer include a knife, kitchen shears, a spoon, or a small bowl to collect the entrails and organs from inside the body cavity. Preparation for field dressing includes removing any unwanted parts of the deer, such as antlers or horns that could limit how close you can get to your animal. You may also want an extra set of hands nearby to help with this process if you're not alone in your hunt!
Step One In Field Dressing Your Deer
The first step to field dressing a deer is to make an initial incision in the hide that goes from just below the navel on one side of the deer's body up to, but not through, a similar point on the other side.
Step Two In Field Dressing Your Deer
The next step is then to make another cut across and around this opening to form a flap. This will allow you access to all parts of your animal for removing entrails without touching or contaminating any internal organs with external material like dirt or bacteria from outside sources. The goal is always cleanliness!
Parts to Discard
The parts of the deer that you want to leave in the field would be the head, the entire digestive tract (except for the heart and liver), all of the inedible muscle meat on legs and other extremities.
How long should Field dressing take?
Field dressing a deer needs to be done at a quick pace. This process should be completed in less than a few minutes. Any longer and you run the risk of creating an environment that is not safe for the meat.
How to Cook Deer Meat
There are many different methods for cooking deer meat. Some of the most common ways to cook deer meat include grilling, roasting, smoking, and frying.
Grilling Deer Meat
When grilling deer meat, you want to cook it for a few minutes on each side. An excellent tip for grilling deer meat is to marinate it before cooking the first time.
Roasting Deer Meat
The best way to cook a whole roast of deer meat is in an oven between 350°F and 425°F degrees Fahrenheit for about 20-25 mins per pound or until tender enough that a spoon can press into the flesh without any resistance. Another option you might have if you are cooking smaller pieces of venison, such as chops, steaks, etc., would be to use your stovetop grill pan over medium heat with olive oil spray coating the surface flipping every couple of minutes until the desired doneness has been achieved.
When roasting deer meat, remember not to overcook. This can cause the meat to become very rough and tough.
Secret Techniques to Grilling Deer Meat
A few tips that can help when cooking deer meat are not to overcook it, but also don't undercook it because the flavor will be lost in both instances. Understanding how much time you need to cook your venison will depend on factors such as what cut of meat, if there are any bone fragments inside and whether or not it's been previously frozen. Another trick I like using while grilling my roast venison is by turning off one burner on the stovetop to have a cooler section for searing and then finishing up with about ten minutes of roasting over high heat. This helps give my venison a nice crusty sear which adds more taste. You will want to experiment with your deer meat to find the sweet spot that allows for a great meal.
In Conclusion
Although it can be a little stomach-turning to field dress a deer for the first time, it is an absolute must to have safe meat to eat. You will want to clean the intestines and stomach of any fecal matter, remove all hair from inside then wash it out with water. Once the deer has been field dressed, you can start getting it back to your car or truck for transporting home, where you will either be able to cook right away or freeze it for later use.
Remember that cleanliness is key to all field dressing for any game you happen to catch out on the hunt. Stay safe and enjoy your hunting adventures and enjoy the ability to feed your family with many delicious meals.
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Lilium parryi, Lemon Lily, Fact Sheet
Fig. 1. Photographs of two different lemon lilies with an unusually large number of buds / flowers, in bud (left) and in bloom (right). See Life cycle of a Lemon Lily in Pictures.
Click on the pictures for larger versions.
This page presents some basic facts about Lilium parryi, in a brief format, to keep this page at a manageable size. A companion page elaborates on some of the information, and gives sources.
Table of Contents
Similar Species at San Jacinto Mountain
Taxonomy and Phylogeny
Scientific Name origin: Described by Sereno Watson in the year 1877, published in Proc. Davenport Acad. of Nat. Sciences, Vol. ii, pp. 188-189, Davenport, Iowa 1880. Named for the collector, Charles Christopher Parry, a botanist with the Pacific Railway Survey.
Common Name origin: No common name was given in the original 1877 paper describing the species.
The first common name we have found in use for Lilium parryi was Parry's Lily, used first by John Lemmon in a letter to Sereno Watson on 6 August 1879: "In San Bernardino Co. I was fortunate in finding a secluded valley inhabited by Parry's Lily and I brought away 300 bulbs. Can you help me to sell them?" (Wynne Brown email to Dave Stith on 30 March 2019). It was subsequently used by H.M. Hall in his 1902 Botanical Survey of San Jacinto Mountain, and in use through 1922 in Addisonia: colored illustrations and popular descriptions of plants on page 49.
The common name of Lemon Lily was first used by Theodore Payne in 1916 in California wild flowers, their culture and care on page 15. It was also used in 1917 by P. Beveredige Kennedy in Annotated list of the wild flowers of California on page 31. Both sources say the flower is "lemon-yellow", so the color of the flower almost surely accounts for their choice of lemon lily as the common name.
Jepson used lemon lily in his 1922 Flora of California and his 1925 Manual of the Flowering Plants of California, so that undoubtedly was the death knell of the name Parry's lily.
We had previously also speculated that the name lemon lily might have come from a corruption of, or play on, the name of J.G. Lemmon, who made a voucher one month prior to that of Parry. But given that Lemmon himself used the name "Parry's Lily" two years after the lily was named, that origin is ruled out.
The name "lemon lily" is also sometimes used for Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus, also known as "lemon daylily" and "yellow daylily". This is not just a theoretical confusion of the common names; it happened in one of the articles about the first lemon lily festival. See the differences between these two species.
Discovery locality: Boggy ground surrounding the house of J.G. and F.M. Ring at their mountain retreat near San Gorgonio Pass at 4000 feet elevation, where they grew potatoes.
Similar Species at San Jacinto Mountain
The most common species at San Jacinto Mountain that is sometimes mistaken as a lemon lily is the Humboldt lily, Lilium humboldtii. There is no problem in distinguishing these species when in bloom, since the flower of the Humboldt lily is yellow-orange with many spots, and pendent. However, vegetatively the plants are nearly identical, since both are true lilies. This is only a problem within Idyllwild proper, where they have been planted by some residents and sometimes have escaped into the creeks there. For some unknown reason, Humboldt lilies are not found naturally in the San Jacinto Mountains, even though they are quite widespread in southern California.
Sometimes Hooker's evening primrose, Oenothera elata, also abundant in Idyllwild and other San Jacinto Mountain locations, is mistaken for a lemon lily, since it is a tall plant with yellow flowers that grows in wet areas. However, it only has four petals, which form a flat, open flower, very different from our lemon lily with five petals in a trumpet form.
Geographic Range: Southern California: San Gabriel, San Bernardino, San Jacinto, Santa Rosa Mountains, and Palomar Mountain. Southeastern Arizona: Santa Rita, Huachuca, and Chiricahua Mountains (now presumed extirpated by fire). Mexico: extreme northern Sonora in the Sierra los Ajos. See large-scale map of the two disjunct populations.
Elevation Range: 4000 to 9550 feet. 4400 to 9550 feet at San Jacinto Mountain, with a single occurrence at 4400 feet (in the North Fork of the San Jacinto River at 5S09) and another at 4750 feet, and the rest above 5320 feet. The highest elevation plants are at the wet drainage on the Deer Springs Trail just south of the switchbacks up to Little Round Valley.
Habitat: Springs, seeps, wet meadows, and shady canyon bottoms along perennial streams, in areas protected from gophers.
Population: ~4000 plants in San Jacinto Mountains; ~3700 plants in the Huachuca Mountains; ~2,000(?) plants in San Bernardino Mountains; ~1300 plants in San Gabriel Mountains. Fewer than 100 plants in each of the other locations. (sources)
CNPS Rare Plant Rank 1B.2 = Rare or endangered in California and elsewhere; Fairly endangered in California.
California State Rank S3: Vulnerable.
Arizona Salvage Restricted.
Global Rank S3: Vulnerable.
USDA Forest Service Sensitive.
Not on the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Endangered Species List.
Major predators: Gophers eat the bulbs and deer eat the buds. Foliage is rarely consumed, probably by insects and possibly deer. Humans have nearly extirpated some populations by collecting the bulbs.
Threats to populations: Primarily human activities, such as bulb collectors, flower cutting, trampling, water diversion, grazing, introduction of exotic weeds, unnaturally frequent forest fires, development, logging and mining. If climate change reduces their available water, or causes more frequent fires, that will also have an impact.
Demographics: Although no one has ever done a longitudinal study to truly know the demographics of the population, we have enough data accumulated from the last eleven years that we now have a good idea of what constitutes a normal, healthy population or not.
A healthy population consists of about half plants too young to flower, and about half flowering plants. Of the flowering plants, about half produce just a single flower. The number of plants having increasingly-more flowers declines smoothly and rapidly; see Number of Flowers below. This decline is probably caused by mortality due to gophers, site changes, or bulb-splitting.
Because having seedlings present is highly correlated with having a number of young plants with a single bloom, it only requires one of those two observations to verify a healthy population.
The population in Candy's Creek was a healthy one from 2010 to 2019; its histogram of the number of plants with a given number of flowers, has remained the same in shape in surveys from 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2016. Baby plants making up about half the population have been observed in 2010 and 2019.
In contrast, the population in Skunk Cabbage Meadow, up to the Willow Creek Trail, is not a healthy population. Very few young plants have been observed there, and only 20% of the blooming plants have a single flower. Confirming this, the number of lilies along the Willow Creek Trail in this area, have declined with time, from about 40 plants in 2009 and 2010, to just 14 plants in 2020. Most of this decline occurred in 2012, when ten plants in just one spot were replaced with filled gopher holes. Gopher predation is probably quite normal here; the problem is that there has been little recruitment of new plants in the last decade.
The population in the burned portion of Willow Creek was a healthy population prior to the 2013 Mountain Fire, with about half the population consisting of young plants. After the Mountain Fire, the Creek was significantly affected by both erosion and choking amounts of sediment, and no young plants were observed in a 2018 survey of the upper part of the burned portion. It will be interesting to see how long it takes for this section to recover.
Alas, the population in Candy's Creek stopped being a healthy population in 2020 and 2021, when only 20% of the flowering plants had a single flower, instead of the expected ~50%. This is probably due to our changing climate, including the "megadrought" that began 20 years ago, the more erratic rain and snow, and global warming. Candy's Creek was completely dry in the 2021 survey, the first time in memory it has been completely dry in July. We have had a number of unusually-intense scouring storms at San Jacinto in the last decade, some of them also unusual in being warm rain storms, instead of the usual winter gentle snows. Three lemon lilies in Candy's Creek were lost sometime between 2011 and 2020 when erosion took away the stream bank in which they lived.
The demographics in the San Gabriel Mountains are similar. Mistretta and Parra-Szijj 1991 reported that they found "approximately 1275 total individuals" in their extensive 1990 survey there, with "677 (54%) of the total were individuals which were flowering or fruiting".
The demographics may be a bit different in Arizona, but the information is contradictory. One report was that in 1981, "60% of the observed plants in Arizona flowered and set fruit",


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Bali Jewelry
Discover our Bali jewelry curated selection, handmade in Sterling Silver and 18K Gold with Topaz, Turquoise, Tanzanite, and Labradorite and many more gemstones. Ethically crafted by Balinese artisans using traditional techniques. Find your new favorite rings, bracelets, necklaces and earrings or make a unique gift to that special someone. Every purchase supports an artisan in Indonesia.
FAQs about Bali Jewelry
What is Bali style jewelry?
Bali jewelry can be modern, antique or tribal. The best pieces are normally associated with the Majapahit Dynasty in Java and Bali as well as the awesomely superb filigree and granulation work of southern Sulawesi, specifically Makassar. Indonesia is not a large supplier of precious stones, so many designs are purely metal. One exception would be Kalimantan which is known for their specific but not high grade diamonds. The Balinese have a special appreciation for nature, the abundant flowering trees on their island, so you'll find traditional jewelry very ornamental. Popular imagery is flowers, sea creatures like turtles and sea stars, mandalas and Hindu gods and goddesses.
What jewelry is Bali known for?
The Balinese people are master craftspeople: wood carving is a significant part of their culture, and this comes through in some of the detailed jewelry designs. Traditionally, Balinese goldsmiths like to work with metal such as 18-22K gold and 925 sterling silver, because it is softer and more malleable for carving and chasing techniques.
What is the history of Bali's crafting tradition?
Bali's unique crafting tradition starts in the 14th century with the colonization by the Majapahit Empire of Java. In that period, the island gathered the world's best silversmiths and goldsmiths who made local craft flourish, inspiring generations to come until this day. It is especially for this long-lasting tradition that many people decide to purchase jewelry made in Bali.
Is Bali jewelry for men or women?
At our jewelry store, you can buy handcrafted Balinese items for both men and women., which makes it a nice gift for everyone.
What Balinese jewelry can I buy?
Our Bali jewelry collection features rings, bracelets, earrings and necklaces. Check out our website to view a full list.
What are the materials used in Bali jewelry?
Bali jewelry is famous for mastering the use of silver. A group of smiths from Singaraja, in the North part of the Island, trace their line back before the immigration of the Majapahit Javanese. Another clan of smiths consider themselves direct descendants of Brahma, the fiery Hindu God. The symbolic importance of precious metals in Hindu cosmology is reflected in the belief that the triple peaks of Mt. Meru, the abode of the Gods and the center of the world, are made of gold, silver and iron.
What is special about Bali jewelry?
Balinese silverwork is part of an ancient tradition.The art of metal work arrived in Indonesia in the Bronze Age from Southern Chinese and Southeast Asian areas. Bronze drums, dated from as early as the fifth century BC, have been found throughout the archipelago, and some of them are believed to have been cast in Bali. The accumulation of wealth which ensued encouraged the refinement of many art forms, including jewelry. By AD 1,000 gold and silverwork in Java had reached a level of artistry as high as that of the bronze caster. The abundance of gold was documented by a Chinese trader who reported in 1225 that Javanese criminals, except for thieves and murderers, were not imprisoned or subjected to corporal punishment but fined in gold.


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The City of Ventura is pursuing VenturaWaterPure, a potable reuse project that will recover, treat, and reuse water that is currently discharged into the Santa Clara River Estuary. This project will divert treated water from Ventura's wastewater treatment facility to a new Advanced Water Purification Facility (AWPF), where the water will be treated to drinking water standards and then injected into a local groundwater basin for storage, and later extracted and delivered to customers. The VenturaWaterPure project will allow the City to meet legal and regulatory requirements, improve water quality, and secure a new local source of drinking water that is drought resilient.
A new ocean outfall is a critical component of VenturaWaterPure Project, as it allows for disposal of concentrate generated by the new Advanced Water Purification Facility (AWPF), diverts wet weather flows that exceed AWPF treatment capacity, provides an emergency backup disposal in case the AWPF is offline.
The construction of the outfall will not take place for several years (anticipated 2024). To limit impacts to the community, the outfall will be constructed through a horizontal directional drilling (HDD) process. The HDD will push a pipe through a hole that will start in Marina Park and emerge approximately 2000- 4000 feet offshore. The outfall pipe will then continue along the ocean floor until it reaches an approximate water depth of 50 feet. For additional information view Frequently Asked Questions below.


by Dr. Jan Garrett
This page revised March 30, 2005
On the face of it, the economy seems to be an arena of uninhibited deal-making, buying and selling, goods, services, and money exchanging hands. The impression arises that just so long as sellers tell the truth about their products and services and actually deliver what they promised, everything will be ethically all right.
Is the Moral Basis of the Market Up for Sale?
What is not always clearly realized is that not everything can be put up for sale. If the market system is morally justified all things considered, then one cannot morally justify violating it. And that, I suggest, is the fundamental mistake of bribery. The recipient of the bribe acts as if he is free to make a deal which he is not morally permitted to make. He is not morally permitted to make it because of prior morally governed transactions What is more, the very rule that the bribe taker sees as linking himself to the briber--the rule that one should act as one has promised to act--is a rule which the bribe taker violates in taking the bribe in the first place.
Principal and Agent
We need to introduct two related concepts--the concept of principal and agent. A principal in this sense is the person (or organization) from whom an agent's authority derives; an agent, then, is a person empowered to act on behalf of another, i.e., the agent's principal. (A real estate agent is an agent of the seller of the real estate, the seller is the principal relative to the realtor.)
Why Bribe-Taking Is Wrong
In bribery cases, the bribe taker is already an agent for a principal before he accepts the bribe. The person is already contracted to perform duties for the principal, such as a corporation or government. The one who accepts a bribe in exchange for a favor is violating his or her contractual duty towards his principal. This contractual duty excludes precisely the sort of favor which the briber seeks. The receiver of the bribe does not inform her principal, on behalf of whom she is supposed to be acting. The agent is, in effect, violating her contractual duty to the principal, to whom she has made a prior commitment.
Why Offering a Bribe Is Wrong
I have been discussing the bribe taker and his principal only, up to now. Why is the action of the briber wrong? Quite clearly, the briber, the one who pays the bribe, acts wrongly in tempting the potential bribe taker, or in providing an incentive for the potential bribe taker to violate her preexisting contractual duties. If there were no bribers, there would be no bribe takers.
Why Bribery Is Conducted in Secret
Bribery, then, is a payment which creates a bond of precisely the sort made morally wrong by prior contractual relationships. Yet bribery could not occur unless prior contractual commitments had been made and the principal assumes agents are still loyal to them. A salesman for A would not bribe the purchasing agent of corporation B buy A's products if the salesman thought that the B corporation believed that the purchaser's primary loyalties were to the salesperson for A. In that case the purchaser would probably find himself fired tomorrow and the purchase order would be invalidated before payment was made. This is the reason that bribery is typically conducted in secrecy. A "successful" bribery requires that the bribe taker appear to act on behalf of one entity while really, at the moment, being loyal to another.
Why Bribery Is Not a "Normal Business Transaction"
A bribe, therefore, is not simply a material inducement to get someone else to act in your favor. When we buy things in a straightforward way, we are giving the receiver a material inducement to part with those things. But a bribe is a material inducement, paid under the table, or secretly, that establishes a relationship which violates particular contractual duties that already exist. Moreover, it violates the general rule of fidelity, that is to say, that "a person ought to keep compacts made." The bribe taker's principals, whom he has betrayed, falsely believe that he is not a bribe taker and that he has not betrayed them; therefore, a bribe involves a misrepresentation or failure to disclose on the part of the bribe taker in relation to his principals.
The bribe taker no longer acts in the interest of his principal. He may in fact be acting contrary to the interests of his principal. Moreover, his principal does not realize that it would be in its (or his or her) legitimate interests to fire the bribe taker and hire someone who will be more loyal to them. For all these reasons, bribery not only violates contractual duties, but often implies a injury to the welfare of the principal.
Subtle Long-Term Social Consequences of Bribery
Finally, though particular acts of bribery often escape detection, wherever bribery is widely practiced, specific cases of it are soon discovered. People reasonably assume that for every such activity uncovered, there are many that escape detection. There is a multiplier effect: a single proven act of bribery creates a significant erosion of trust. Every such discovery contributes to the breakdown of social order necessary for a good business climate and future confidence in contracts. Bribery violates the very fabric of community. (For more on this, see the Critique of the Fallacious Defense #2.)
Factors that Possibly Encourage Bribery
I suspect that one reason many people allow themselves to be bribed is that their obligations to their firm or society are not often clearly and explicitly stated. In fact, most people take these obligations for granted and would almost be insulted if an employer, upon hiring them, spelled out in detail, in the employment contract, the corporate ends for which the employee is expected to act. When faced with the prospect of extra income, the weak-willed potential bribe taker temporarily forgets those not often stated obligations and deceives himself into thinking that he is free to make a deal to do someone a special favor. But weakness of will is a character flaw; it almost always involves self-deception and not ignorance of what is morally required.
Another reason that people permit themselves to be bribed is that the practice of friendship and informal associations coexist with the more formal and impartial systems of duty, rights and justice. The elementary rule of friendship is that we should do favors for our friends to the extent that they are our friends; you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours. One problem with this rule is that it can easily degenerate into egoism, in which person A helps person B only if A reasons that helping B is to A's advantage. Another, more ethically serious, problem is that, taken by itself, it endorses the creation of cliques or factions which pursue the interests of a minority, as that minority understands their interests, at the expense of the common good. Historically, formal rules of justice and duty were developed in an attempt to restrain precisely this kind of occurrence.
The Contract Argument Summarized
1. One should keep one's contracts. (Thou shalt keep thy covenants.)
2. Bribery involves a contract committing the bribe-taker to break his/her (prior) contract.
3. Taking a bribe is wrong. (1,2)
4. To offer a bribe is to deliberately tempt another to take a bribe.
5. It is wrong to deliberately tempt another to do wrong.
6. Offering a bribe is wrong. (3,4,5)
The Utilitarian Argument from Markets Summarized
1. It is right to act so as to produce the greatest net benefit for all affected. (Utilitarian principle.)
2. Compared with other kinds of markets, perfectly competitive markets produce the greatest net benefit for all affected. (Utilitarian judgment regarding PCM's.)
3. It is right to operate in a PCM, and in the absence of a PCM, in a market that approximates a PCM as closely as possible. (1,2) Markets that are not PCM's are characterized by market imperfections.
[1-3] summarizes one interpretation of Adam Smith's argument for free markets.
4. PCM's involve many sellers, none of which can dominate the market.
5. Monopoly markets (MM's) are characterized by just one seller.
6. The bribery of a purchaser by a seller reduces a (more) competitive market to a MM. (It creates a market imperfection.)
7. It is wrong to bribe.
Objection to this argument: In fact, even without bribery, many markets are far removed already from perfectly competitive markets. Before Lockheed paid bribes to secure its sale of jumbo jets to Japan, there was only one other major competitor, McDonnell-Douglas. And it so happens that there were serious flaws in McDonnell-Douglas's planes (the extent of which become known only later). Perhaps Japanese consumers would have been better off with Lockheed's planes. In other words, if the market is already highly restricted, it's not clear that a bribe will reduce social utility of the market for those who participate in it.
But there may well be negative non-market consequences, such as the suffering caused by the breakdown of social trust and the decline of the sense that government officials are honest public servants.
The Liberty Argument for PCM's and against Bribery
1. Whatever reduces effective liberty, compatible with equal liberty for others, is wrong.
2. Compared to other market types, PCM's are characterized by greatest ease of entry to and exit from markets.
3. The bribing of a purchaser by a seller reduces a more competitive market to a MM.
4. MM's are characterized by having just


The personal challenge feature lets you structure a block of time within the Heads Up Health software to track changes in your body over the course of a specific health experiment. Examples of how this feature can be used include:
 - Giving yourself a challenge to quit a certain behavior or habit (e.g. smoking, consuming alcohol, consuming sugar etc.) and observing any changes in your health (improved sleep, lower blood pressure etc.)
 - Tracking changes in your body (e.g. weight, body fat or BMI) while testing a new diet (Paleo, Atkins, Vegan, Ketogenic etc.)
 - Tracking changes over the course of a vacation
 - Tracking the effects of a new medication or supplement
 - Setting up your own custom experiments and using Heads Up Health to track changes
Step 1: Create the challenge
Use the "Add Data" button and select "Personal Challenge." In the example below, I've setup a custom challenge to track changes while I test a ketogenic diet:
Create the challenge
Figure 1: Create the challenge

The challenge will show up as a card on the dashboard (figure 2) and will count down the time remaining in the challenge.
Track changes using the Analyzer
Figure 2: Showing the challenge on your dashboard
Step 2: Track changes using the Analyzer
As you enter data over the course of the experiment, you can use the Analyzer to zero in on specific areas of investigation. In figure 3 below, I've set the date picker to show the 30 days prior (9/10/2015 – 10/10/2015) to the ketogenic diet experiment and my average fasting blood sugar was 91.5 mg/dL.
Changes in fasting glucose during ketogenic experiment
Figure 3: Changes in fasting glucose during ketogenic experiment
I then set the date picker to show when the ketogenic experiment started (10/10/15) and also show fasting glucose which has now decreased from 91.5 mg/dL to 80.3 mg/dL, just within the first week of the experiment (figure 4). The "Personal Challenge" displays a shaded area on the graph showing the duration of the challenge.
How the ketogenic experiment has impacted other health indicators
Figure 4: How the ketogenic experiment has impacted other health indicators
I can easily look at other health metrics that have changed as well such as weight, body fat, BMI or even blood chemistry (cholesterol levels, glucose, inflammation etc.). Sharing this information with your health care practitioner of choice can be very helpful when working on specific health goals.
The same techniques can be used regardless of the challenge or experiment. It could be as simple as tracking weight gain/loss over the course of a vacation or as advanced as tracking several variables as part of a new lifestyle change.
Currently it requires some manual work, changing date ranges and data sources to extract the information you want out of the Analyzer. However, in the near future we'll be able to automatically generate a report to tell you exactly what changed over the course of the experiment.
We hope you like this feature. Decide on your own personal challenge and Give it a try. If you have any questions, please e-mail _EMAIL_
Dave Korsunsky
Author: Dave Korsunsky
Transform Your Health!
Transform Your Health!
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The creation of social policy at all levels should be done by looking through the lens of the family, Bishop Brendan Leahy stated today in his homily at the Arbour Hill 1916 commemoration.
In this, the year of the World Meeting of Family celebrations in Ireland, Bishop Leahy said that family was a central pillar in the lives of the leaders of the 1916 rising and can inspire us all in shaping the Ireland of the future.
Delivering his homily, Bishop Leahy also said that this year's Arbour Hill commemoration for the families of the 1916 heroes has its own particular sensitivity and significance following the death of the last surviving child of a 1916 leader. Fr. Joe Mallin, whose father Michael was Chief of Staff of the Irish Citizen Army and had commanded the garrison of rebels in St Stephen's Green and the Royal College of Surgeons, died six weeks ago aged 104 in Hong Kong where he spent most of his life as a Jesuit missionary priest. In his homily, Bishop Leahy said that though this link had now been lost, successive generations are the flag bearers of the proud legacy left by the 1916 leaders.
"With the death of the last surviving child of the 1916 leaders, the flag of victory is now being handed over definitively to the next generations. And while we know the colours of freedom and equality are clearly to be seen on this flag, let's notice, too, watermarked on this flag the image of family.
"We know family was important for the 1916 leaders. They were not isolated heroic individuals. Family mattered very much to them. We know it from their last deeds, conversations or letters written, especially in Michael Mallin's letter to his wife Agnes where we see the depth of emotional turmoil he experienced at the thought of the consequence of his death for his pregnant wife and four young children.
"Families were so present physically or emotionally in the last earthly days of Michael Malin and the other 1916 leaders…… I think it is not an exaggeration to say the 1916 leaders would want us to recall how family can inspire us all in helping shape Ireland. Family was at the heart of it all for them and is likewise for us. We can learn from the family how to give a soul to our institutions.
"We can learn from the family how to give a soul to our institutions. Ireland has a vast array of government ministries, hospitals and schools, courts, banks and associations, and all kinds of social agencies and networks. It is important to look through the family lens when we are creating social policy at all levels. We should use family as th/e ultimate litmus test for social policy and ask both 'how does this impact on family life?' and 'what might a family say to us on this topic or policy?'
"It has rightly been said if you don't know where you are going, then any road will do. But the 1916 leaders clearly believed Ireland was going somewhere. They spoke of our State's freedom, welfare, and exaltation among the nations. For each of them, however, the journey of each Irish family would have been an important road to travel."
- Bishop Brendan Leahy is Bishop of Limerick


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Measuring tube sliding micrometer - Type: Standard
Measuring tube made of HPVC, telescopic coupling made of brass with high-precision conical measuring stop. Option: Water pressure-tight measuring tubes (double O-ring seal). Used for high-precision measurement axial displacement measurements in soil, rock and in boreholes in concrete structures.
1. Brass telescopic coupling mounted on HPVC measuring tube 2. Measurements in dam 3. Installation of measuring tube with injection packer


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Publication Date: November 25, 2011
Source: Ivey Publishing
The marketing manager for Canadian Blood Services (CBS) is concerned about a growing demand for blood - 2 per cent per year - driven by a number of factors, including the decrease of wait times in local hospitals, new operating procedures and increased use or requirements of an aging population. Peak demand seasons coincide with low supply seasons, such as summer and winter holidays. Two issues require attention: the first involves increasing the absolute number of donors, currently in the 400,000 range. Indications are that the percentage of Canadians (four per cent) who donate blood is lower than other countries such as Sweden (five per cent). The second need is to retain more donors and increase the number of donations per donor, per year. The CBS still faces issues stemming from the tainted blood scandal of the 1980s and the subsequent Krever inquiry. They are working to rebuild the trust of the public. The crux of the issue is understanding consumer behaviour toward blood donation. The manager needs to understand the consumer decision process, examine segments, determine a target segment and develop communications to increase both the absolute number of donors and the repeat donations of identified donors.


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NM Centennial - Shaped by Science, Pt. 3..Sled Track
Holloman Air Force Base and White Sands Missile Range served as centers for the development of technology that shaped the Cold War military. Few examples of that work were more dramatic than John Stapp's trips down Holloman's famous sled track.
Stapp, a physician, volunteered for the first trip on Holloman's sled track in December 1954, and eventually would make 28 more runs, earning himself the title "world's fastest human." His efforts generated data that played a role in safer aircraft and eventually safer automobiles.
Our thanks to the Albuquerque Journal's "New Mexico 100 Years of Statehood" publication for this article.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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MUM: A new AI milestone for understanding information
Meet MUM the new powerful algorithm from Google!
MUM or the Multitask Unified Model
has the potential to transform how Google helps you with complex tasks. Like BERT, MUM is built on a Transformer architecture, but it's 1,000 times more powerful. MUM not only understands language, but also generates it. It's trained across 75 different languages and many different tasks at once, allowing it to develop a more comprehensive understanding of information and world knowledge than previous models. And MUM is multimodal, so it understands information across text and images and, in the future, can expand to more modalities like video and audio. Learn more about AI at the HURU School Picodegree in Artificial Intelligence


Libya neighbors reject intervention in Libyan internal affairs
Libya neighboring countries have announced their rejection of intervention in Libyan internal affairs, according to LANA.
Libya neighboring countries declared Wednesday commitment to the political solutions conducive to genuine reconciliation through inclusive dialogue among Libyan parties.
The final statement for Libya neighboring countries in Niamey stressed that "the Libyan political accord is the only framework to exit the crisis in Libya". They stressed their commitment to standards and measures to get out of the crisis in Libya and maintain Libya's territorial integrity, sovereignty unity of its people and respect its will and choices.
Libya's neighbors ministers expressed in their final statement their deep concern over persistent deterioration of security situation and their full solidarity with the Libyan people. They called on the international community to improving living conditions, of the population underlining that security of neighboring countries firmly linked to the security of Libya.
They also stressed the need to safeguard Libya's natural resources including oil and called for lifting the embargo on Libyan assets.
They renewed their support to the presidential council of the national accord government 'NAG', and their stand with the political process, in the framework of the UN initiative, to find a final and permanent solution, through the implementation of the Libyan political accord.
This came in the final statement, which was issued on Wednesday, on their ninth session, in the Nigerian capital Niamey.
The neighboring countries in their statement, demanded the residential council, to form a wide national accord government, representing all political forces. They also urged the parliament to give it confidence as soon as possible, according to the political agreement's rules


Job's Tears
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Job's tears beads
Coix lacryma-jobi1.jpg
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
(unranked): Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Tribe: Andropogoneae
Genus: Coix
Species: C. lacryma-jobi
Binomial name
Coix lacryma-jobi
Coix agrestis Lour.
Coix arundinacea Lam.
Coix exaltata Jacq.
Coix lacryma L.
C.lacryma-jobi plant with flowers and fruit in Nepal
C. lacryma-jobi seeds in a necklace prepared in the Zulu tradition.
Job's Tears (Coix lacryma-jobi), Coixseed, Tear Grass, Hato Mugi, adlay, or adlai, is a tall grain-bearing tropical plant of the family Poaceae (grass family) native to Southeast Asia[1] but elsewhere cultivated in gardens as an annual. It has been naturalized in the southern United States and the New World tropics. In its native environment it is grown in higher areas where rice and corn do not grow well. Job's Tears are also commonly sold as Chinese pearl barley in Asian supermarkets, although C. lacryma-jobi is not closely related to barley (Hordeum vulgare).
There are two main varieties of the species.
 1. Wild type Coix lacryma-jobi var. stenocarpa and var. monilifer has hard shelled pseudocarps which are very hard, pearly white, oval structures used as beads for making rosaries, necklaces, and other objects.
 2. Cultivated type Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen is harvested as a cereal crop, has soft shell, and is used medicinally in parts of Asia.[2]
Besides the use for ornamental purposes, Job's tears grains are useful as a source of food (cereals) and folk medicine.[3][4]
Throughout East Asia, Vyjanti beads are available in dried form and cooked as a grain. The grains are generally spherical, with a groove on one end, and polished white in color, though in Japan unpolished yuuki hatomugi, which is unpolished and brown in color, is also available.
In Korea, a thick drink called yulmu cha (율무차, literally "Job's tears tea") is made from powdered Job's tears. A similar drink, called Yi Ren Jiang (薏仁漿), also appears in Chinese cuisine, and is made by simmering whole polished Job's Tears in water and sweetening the resulting thin, cloudy liquid with sugar. The grains are usually strained from the liquid but may also be consumed separately or together.
In both Korea and China, distilled liquors are also made from the grain. One such example is the South Korean liquor called okroju (옥로주; hanja: ), which is made from rice and Job's tears. In Japan, an aged vinegar is made from the grain.[5]
In southern Vietnam, a sweet, cold soup called sâm bổ lượng has Job's Tears as one of its ingredients. This dish derives from the southern Chinese tong sui called qīng bǔ liáng (; Cantonese: ching1 bou2 leung4).
In Thailand, it is often consumed in teas and other drinks, such as soy milk.
It is also used alongside other herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. Particularly Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen has been used in the traditional Chinese medicine to invigorate the spleen function and promote urination, alleviate arthritis, arrest diarrhea, remove heat and facilitate the drainage of pus.[6]
In both the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians and the Cherokee Nation in Oklahoma, the beads of Job's Tears are called "corn beads" or "Cherokee corn beads" and have been used for personal adornment since at least the time of the united Cherokee Republic. A common folk story is that the corn beads sprang up along the path during the 1838 forced march of many Cherokees to Oklahoma from their southeastern North American homelands by the U.S. military.
 1. ^ Taylor, G. D., "Some crop distributions by tribes in upland Southeast Asia", Southwestern Journal of Anthropology Vol. 9, No. 3, Autumn 1953
 2. ^ Arora, R. K., 1977, "Job's tears (Coix lacryma-jobi) - a minor food and fodder crop of northeastern India", Economic Botany, Vol. 31, No. 3, 358–366.
 3. ^ Hill,A.F.,1952,Economic Botany,McGraw-Hill
 4. ^ Duke,J.A.,1983,Handbook of Energy Crops,
 5. ^ "Traditional Japanese foods - Hato Mugi Vinegar". Natural Import Company. Retrieved 2012-01-10.
Further reading[edit]
External links[edit]


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Child & Youth Support Worker
Posted: March 18, 2021
Job Title: Child & Youth Support Worker
The Child & Youth Support worker is responsible for maintaining a safe, secure environment for children and youth residing at the Shelter and JPH, or when using child care facilities. The position is also responsible for program development, administration and program delivery for children and youth within the Dr. Margaret Savage Crisis Centre.
The Child & Youth Support Worker will be responsible for providing care and support to children and youth who have been exposed to family and domestic violence or other crises. They must ensure the development and safety of these children in accordance with relevant federal and provincial legislation and policies. The Child & Youth Support Worker will be respectful of children, youth and parents, and ensure that equipment and facilities are clean, safe and well maintained.
Duties and Responsibilities
- Plan and provide age-appropriate programming for children residing at the shelter or JPH, as well as those attending shelter programs. Plan and implement activities to meet the physical, emotional, intellectual and social needs of the children/youth in the program.
- Provide scheduled child care activities on a weekly basis. Provide varying levels of care for the children of the center including: educational activities/reading, games, storytelling play and physical activity, arts/crafts/musical activities, etc. Assist school aged children with homework and school work. Ensure that children are NOT preoccupied by television/movies and that they are engaged in activities that will attribute to their learning and development.
- Develop youth programming while ensuring that a variety of counseling/educational activities, sports/recreation activities, cultural and other programming activities are planned according to program policies and requirements and ensure positive implementation. The goal is to develop varying levels of programming that are age appropriate.
- Ensure the communication of programming information is distributed to all involved.
- Establish trusting relationships with children, youth and mothers in the Shelter/JPH and communicate with these children, youth and their families to determine their needs and interests.
- Supervise and lead activities for children and youth and monitor the use of equipment and facilities.
- Create relevant educational/training programs for youth to develop their skills.
- Work with mothers to strengthen their understanding and ability to support their children. Offer appropriate parenting advice and support.
- Coordinate child and youth activities with other community organizations.
- Develop a database of child and youth related organizations and activities/workshops offered.
- Respond to the needs of children and youth by providing them support with compassion and understanding in a non-judgmental manner.
- Act as a role model, exhibiting appropriate parenting skills and provide advice and guidance to mothers.
- Voice concerns regarding children's mental and/or physical health to child's guardian and DMSCC Program Coordinator. Follow Child Welfare and Shelter protocol for reporting.
- Provide client transportation as required.
- Assist in orientation of staff and volunteers as to the special needs of children who have witnessed and are victims of family and domestic violence.
- Be an active team member and promote the team "vision." Be willing to assist/help co-workers when needed and encourage open communication amongst staff.
- Work with staffing by providing suggested strategies to best support participants (children, youth, parents/guardian).
- Perform other related work as assigned by the Program Coordinator and/or designate.
- Early Childhood Development Certificate Level I, II or III; Diploma in Child & Youth Care; degree preferred. Related education and training will be considered.
- 2-3 years at minimum of experience in child care or related area.
- Experience working with children who have been exposed to family and domestic violence, emotional and social challenges. Experience working with children from diverse backgrounds.
- High degree of resourcefulness, flexibility, adaptability, and crisis intervention skills.
- Excellent verbal and written communication skills, and strong computer skills.
- Clear Criminal Record Check and Child Welfare Check.
- Standard First Aid/CPR, ASIST Certification, and Non-Violent Crisis Intervention Training is considered an asset.
- Valid Class 5 driver's license, free from restrictions.


How does billing work?
We automatically charge the card you put on file when you complete your quote. And we'll charge the card that same day of each following month.
If you get insurance with a future effective date, your first payment will be the day you purchased your policy (for example, June 20th), but your following payments will be due on the effective date (for example, July 1).
Your monthly price with HiRoad can go down based on the discounts and rewards you earn, and it will never be more than the max base rate in your quote.
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Supreme Court likely to bar some US green card applicants
WASHINGTON (AP) — The Supreme Court appeared ready Monday to prevent thousands of people living in the United States for humanitarian reasons from applying to become permanent residents.
The designation applies to people who come from countries ravaged by war or disaster, protects them from deportation, and allows them to work legally.
Many have lived in the US for many years, given birth to American citizens, and have put down roots in this country, their advocates say.
Legislation that would allow people who are here for humanitarian reasons to adjust their immigration status has passed the House but faces uncertain prospects in the Senate.
The case before the court involves a couple from El Salvador who has been in the country since the late 1990s.
People from 10 other countries are similarly protected.
They are Haiti, Honduras, Nepal, Nicaragua, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Venezuela, and Yemen.
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text: Traumatic events in the psychiatric population are prevalent, complex, and often are repeated and ongoing (1–4). As psychiatry residents progress through their training, they have contact with traumatized patients and families from the initial phases of assessment through the recovery process. For example, according to Kessler (5) PTSD is the third most common anxiety disorder in the United States. An increasingly large body of literature about trauma-associated disorders, treatment modalities, and training exists. However, systematic trauma training remains limited and has yet to be incorporated into the core curriculum of graduate training programs, including residency training in psychiatry (2, 3, 6, 7). Trauma training, adapted for psychiatric residents, is of particular importance considering the specific challenges trainees face during the postgraduate years, where a shift from more concrete to more process-oriented thinking can be observed. Also, teaching psychiatry residents is particularly challenging because residents rotate through different services (8). Each service has its own population, culture, and goals and objectives. A comprehensive teaching program for trauma is difficult to integrate into an already-existing complex teaching curriculum, as it must allow for flexibility. Teaching and supervision serve the purpose of enabling residents to reflect on their clinical experiences, along with peer interactions, study groups, and seminars. The Trauma Training Modular Curriculum (TTMC) was created to address the various needs as well as to integrate into ongoing psychiatric training the growing body of literature ranging from assessment of trauma and trauma associated disorders to various treatment interventions.


text:
I recently finished reading Towers of Gold: How One Immigrant Named Isaias Hellman Created California by Frances Dinkelspiel, and I have to say I'm a bit jealous. Isaias Hellman is the great-great grandfather of Ms. Dinkelspiel. It's not just anyone who can claim ancestory to a man who almost single-handedly birthed the state of California. While I'll admit that it took many, many people to birth the great state of California….Isaias Hellman's contributions cannot be denied.
The book is well written. It kept my interest with stagecoach robberies, an assassination attempt, bank runs, the 1906 earthquake, and is the final product of eight years of research during which Ms. Dinkelspiel poured over more than 50,000 archival documents.
Isaias Hellman isn't just an American who should be taught about in a course including California history, but he should be included in courses that include early immigration, growth of the west, growth of early cities and towns, Jewish contributions to the making of America, and 19th century financial American History.
So, just who was Isaias Hellman? Well, you really need to read the book for a clear picture, but here are a few facts:
1. Isaias Hellman was a Jewish immigrant from Reckendorf, Bavaria. He immigrated to Los Angeles in 1859, a few years after California being admitted to the Union.
2. In fact, at the time Hellman reached California the U.S. territory was still heavily entrenched in Mexican culture…..Pueblo type buildings and the rules of Spanish society were the norm.
3. Today, Hellman is thought to be one of the greatest Pacific Coast financiers during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Library Journal advises [Hellman] is attributed with stabilizing the financial panic of 1893 in Los Angeles by stacking $500,000 worth of gold coins on the counter of the Farmers and Merchants Bank in plain public view, hence the title of [Ms. Dinkelspiel's] book.
4. He founded one of the territory's first banks which later became the Farmer's and Merchant's Bank. Ms. Dinkelspiel advises at the height of his power in the early 20th century, he controlled more than $100 million in capital and served as president of 14 other banks.
5. Because of his financial backing Hellman was instrumental in developing at least seven other industries that shaped California: transportation, oil, electricity, land development, water, wine, and education.
6. He controlled the California wine industry for almost twenty years, and helped develop the famous Pacific Electric red cars that crisscrossed the Los Angeles region. Hellman was also involved in agriculture raising oranges, walnuts, and lemons at Rosemeade…the Hellman Ranch.
7. Hellman was the president of the first synogogue in Los Angeles.
8. He was very involved in the founding of the University of Southern California by donating land the college sits on today, and he served as Regent for many years for the University of California.
9. Following a move to San Francisco, Hellman opened Union Trust Company, the first trust company in California. He also was involved with the Nevada Bank which later became Wells Fargo Bank.
10. During tough times it was Hellman that kept Californians moving ahead. Following the 1906 earthquake Hellman ran the Wells Fargo Bank out of home when the building that housed the bank was damaged.
11. Sugar Pine Point State Park at Lake Tahoe was originally a Hellman home before it was donated to the state.
12. San Francisco Magazine states visionary financier Isaias Hellman was the Warren Buffet and Alan Greenspan of early California rolled into one. He arrived in Los Angeles as a practically penniless, 16-year-old German Jew when there were only 300 other Europeans in town. Three decades later, he controlled much of the booming city's capital, land, and public works….Hellman starred in so many aspects of the state's phoenixlike rise between the Civil War and the Depression that he became our Zelig, only with a really thick portfolio.
13. The San Francisco Gate states the book is a carefully researched and superbly written memoir…Dinkelspiel's biography not only brings to life the transformation of California into the state with the strongest economy in the nation, and the outside personalities that forged it, but rescues from the proverbial dustbin of history the remarkable life and achievements of a man whose energy, creativity, resourcefulness and love for his adopted country had been all but forgotten.
If you are looking for a great biography to read then I suggest you give Towers of Gold a try.
Other bloggers are posting their 13 lists today as well. You can locate them here.


text:
Emerging markets like Asia Pacific are the real opportunities in health and wellness.
Global demand for healthy food and drinks is rising, driven by the many individuals more aware of their nutritional intake. Such products-particularly those with a functional positioning-are often more expensive than conventional packaged food and beverages. Despite this, global sales were up 3% in 2012–2013 in constant-value terms, reaching an impressive US$749.6 billion in 2013-equivalent to 34% of total beverage and packaged food sales globally.
However, it is emerging markets that are driving the global engine of growth in health and wellness (HW). Euromonitor International's HW data show that, in 2013, of the top 10 fastest-growing countries in HW packaged food and HW beverages, five and four of them, respectively, were in Asia Pacific. (See Table 1)
While China (inclusive of Hong Kong) led the way, partly driven by the incredible demand for fortified/functional milk formula, opportunities do not only lie here. Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, and India are significant growth markets-albeit from a smaller base-with increasing disposable income levels and rising availability of healthier food and drinks paving the way. In addition, rising health concerns related to dietary intake are also helping to fuel demand.
Diet-Related Issues Are a Growing Concern
Developing countries are increasingly facing the same challenges as developed ones where non-communicable diseases like diabetes and obesity-related conditions are concerned. According to Euromonitor International's Countries & Consumers data, in Vietnam, for example, which ranks as the third-top growth market in HW beverages, obesity in the population aged 15+ rocketed by 92% over the 2008–2013 period; in China and India, obesity rates rose by 57% and 37%, respectively.
Owing to a multitude of factors resulting from rapid social and economic change, extremes of malnutrition and obesity exist side by side in the emerging markets of Asia Pacific. This puts a firm focus on affordable maternal and child nutrition, as well as weight management and diabetes products-hence, driving demand not just for HW products but more specifically for fortified/functional food and drinks.
Asia Pacific: 30% of Global HW Sales by 2018
In 2002–2018, the percentage of global HW sales attributed to the Asia Pacific region will rise from 20% to an expected 31%. (Click on images to see Graph 1)
A key driver of this growth is, of course, milk formula. As consumers in Asia Pacific-and, more specifically, China-become more educated about nutritional issues, and disposable income levels rise, demand for more functional milk formulas with additional omega fatty acids, probiotics, prebiotics, and a multitude of vitamins and minerals is growing. In 2013 alone, annual growth in functional milk formulas reached 18% in China.
However, while milk formula has a part to play in the strong growth, there is increasingly demand for health benefits from everyday food and drink products, as well.
Dairy Brands Capitalize on Digestive Health
In 2013, annual HW growth in Asia reached 10%, with the market predominantly driven by fortified/functional dairy brands. Wahaha, Yakult, Wang Zai, and Yili were the top four brands in Asia Pacific in 2013. While these brands resonate with different consumer groups, a common feature is their ability to promote their products' additional digestive-health benefits.
In fact, digestive health is the third-largest HW category in Asia Pacific, behind general well being and weight management. There is a growing awareness of probiotics and the association of digestive health with retaining a slim figure.
In dairy products, it is not just the well-known vitamins and minerals that are attracting consumer attention, either; inulin, magnesium, and manganese are starting to appear in more products.
Supplements Gaining Traction
Asian consumers are looking beyond food and drinks and to supplements to boost their well being. The three highest-selling single-nutrient supplements are calcium, ginseng, and protein, and the region will post the second-highest amount of new supplement sales of US$6.9 billion over 2013–2018, behind only North America. Interestingly, despite the fact that Asia has the largest value sales of any region, it has the third-lowest per capita spend for supplements overall, indicating that vitamins and dietary supplements are relatively affordable to a large number of the population.
In tune with rising interest in digestive health, as products linked to traditional medicine continue to perform well, so, too, will probiotic supplements. For now, the region posted a constant value CAGR of just 2% over 2008–2013 for probiotic supplement sales. While Japan is the most established market in the region for probiotic supplements, in South Korea and China, demand is growing fast, with a CAGR in constant-value terms of 13% and 10%, respectively, recorded over the same time period.
Energy Boosting in Demand
Energy-boosting product sales rank next behind digestive health in Asia Pacific, with sales of US$7.8 billion in 2013. Led by TC Pharmaceutical Industry Company's Red Bull in China and Otsuka Holdings Company's Oronamin in Japan, the market continues to evolve with the launch of snack bars such as Soy Joy and more natural alternatives.
While caffeine remains important to the energy-boosting market, B vitamins, ginseng, taurine, and royal jelly, among many others, are also increasingly gaining presence in products, particularly soft drinks.
Linked closely to energy boosting are products that boost cognitive performance. As research on brain health and memory gains traction, this positioning has the potential to be successful in Asia. However, in order to see success, manufacturers must build consumer trust around the efficacy of products and use well-established ingredients such as omega fatty acids, vitamin E, and Ginkgo biloba. In fact, China is gearing up to be an important market for omega fatty acid supplements, particularly targeting the aging population. The country recently introduced omega fatty acid intake guidelines. It estimates that only a quarter of the population currently ingests enough omega fatty acids. These guidelines recommend 250–2,000 mg per day for adults.
A Willingness to Try Novel Ingredients
Despite rapidly increasing sales of HW products, the Asia Pacific market is far from saturated. In fact, it has the second-lowest per capita consumption of HW products of any region, only above Middle East and Africa.
To stay ahead, manufacturers should capitalize on the rising interest in functional ingredients in the region and launch new variants incorporating more novel functional ingredients. Manufacturers expanding in Asia Pacific have the significant advantage of targeting consumers who are more willing to try and have faith in new functional ingredients. Consumers' willingness to try novel ingredients is a key to success.
For further insight, please contact Diana Cowland, senior health and wellness analyst, Euromonitor International, at _EMAIL_.
Charts and tables courtesy of Euromonitor International


Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Alternative forms[edit]
Middle English chapiter, from Old French chapitre, from Latin capitulum (a chapter of a book, in Medieval Latin also a synod or council), diminutive of caput (a head); see chapiter and capital, which are doublets of chapter.
chapter (plural chapters)
 1. One of the main sections into which the text of a book is divided.
 Detective novel writers try to keep up the suspense until the last chapter.
 - 1907, Robert W. Chambers, chapter VIII, The Younger Set:
 2. A section of a social or religious body.
 1. An administrative division of an organization, usually local to a specific area.
 2. An assembly of monks, or of the prebends and other clergymen connected with a cathedral, conventual, or collegiate church, or of a diocese, usually presided over by the dean.
 3. A community of canons or canonesses.
 4. A bishop's council.
 5. An organized branch of some society or fraternity, such as the Freemasons.
 (Can we find and add a quotation of Robertson to this entry?)
 6. A meeting of certain organized societies or orders.
 7. A chapter house.
 3. A sequence (of events), especially when presumed related and likely to continue.
 - 1866, Wilkie Collins, Armadale, Book the Last, Chapter I,
 "You know that Mr. Armadale is alive," pursued the doctor, "and you know that he is coming back to England. Why do you continue to wear your widow's dress?" ¶ She answered him without an instant's hesitation, steadily going on with her work. ¶ "Because I am of a sanguine disposition, like you. I mean to trust to the chapter of accidents to the very last. Mr. Armadale may die yet, on his way home."
 - 1911, Bram Stoker, The Lair of the White Worm, Ch.26,
 4. A decretal epistle.
 (Can we find and add a quotation of Ayliffe to this entry?)
 5. (obsolete) A location or compartment.
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
See also[edit]
External links[edit]
chapter (third-person singular simple present chapters, present participle chaptering, simple past and past participle chaptered)
 1. To divide into chapters.
 2. To put into a chapter.
 3. (military, with "out") To use administrative procedure to remove someone.
 - 2001, John Palmer Hawkins, Army of Hope, Army of Alienation: Culture and Contradiction in the American Army Communities of Cold War Germany, page 117,
 If you're a single parent [soldier] and you can't find someone to take care of your children, they will chapter you out [administrative elimination from the service]. And yet if you use someone not certified, they get mad.
 - 2006, Thomas R. Schombert, Diaries of a Soldier: Nightmares from Within, page 100,
 "He also wanted me to give you a message. He said that if you don't get your shit ready for this deployment, then he will chapter you out of his freakin' army."


text:
International mining group Rio Tinto and the University of Sydney have announced a five year continuance of their multimillion dollar research partnership aimed at increasing mining autonomy.
The Rio Tinto Centre for Mine Automation (RTCMA) based at the University's Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies has been working with the global mining company on the development and deployment of technologies for fully autonomous, remotely operated mining processes since 2007.
The research partnership's next phase will provide a step-change improvement in safety, predictability, precision and efficiency of typical surface mining operations through automation.
Dr Steve Scheding, RTCMA Director and principal research engineer at the centre said:
"The range of programs under way at RTCMA crosses areas such as sensing, machine learning, data fusion and systems engineering."
"The Centre's work so far has resulted in a number of major research advancements targeted at improving the safety and productivity of autonomous operated mining sites."
"One of our projects has created autonomous mining drill rigs that can bore holes into the ore body efficiently and reliably. This autonomous capability also allows the operator of the rig to be located in a much safer area of the mine site - or indeed anywhere on the planet. This increases the safety of the operator, and also greatly improves drilling precision in operations."
The centre will also continue its training program that is educating the next generation of mining automation engineers and technicians.
John McGagh, Head of Innovation at Rio Tinto said the company looked forward to its continuing relationship with the University's research team.
"Our technology professionals have worked alongside top notch research minds to achieve our goals.
"With mining increasingly taking place in remote parts of the world, tomorrow's mines are likely to rely on remote monitoring and control, with employees running the mines from cities thousands of kilometres away.
"With the input of the best academic minds we are already making this a reality. We remotely manage the automated operation of our iron ore mines in Pilbara region from our Perth based offices.
The mining giant also reached a significant milestone earlier this year with its autonomous haul trucks moving 200 million tonnes of earth in the Pilbara region.
"The autonomous haul trucks are a key component in Rio Tinto's strategy of employing next-generation technology to increase efficiency, reduce costs and improve health, safety and environmental performance," said Mr McGagh.


Module Fut.Runtime
module Runtime: sig .. end
Runtime system configuration and interaction.
val name : string
name is the backend name.
Exception trap
See also the section about exceptions.
type exn_ctx = [ 'Backend
| 'Exn_trap
| 'Fd_action
| 'Finalizer
| 'Future
| 'Queue of string
| 'Runtime_action
| 'Signal_action
| 'Timer_action ]
The type for exception contexts.
type exn_info = exn_ctx * exn * Printexc.raw_backtrace
The type for info about trapped exceptions. The context, the exception, and the backtrace.
val set_exn_trap : (exn_info -> unit) -> unit
set_exn_trap h is a function called whenever the runtime system traps an exception.
val pp_exn_info : Format.formatter -> exn_info -> unit
pp_exn_info ppf i prints an unspecified representation of i on ppf.
Actions
type abort = unit -> unit
The type for action's abort functions. Calling an abort function associated to an action function has the following effects and must be guaranteed by the backends:
Runtime actions
val action : (unit -> unit) -> unit
action a executes a () as soon as possible on the runtime system thread. Actions are executed in FIFO order as received.
Thread-safe. This function can be called from other threads.
Signal actions
val signal_action : int -> (abort -> (int -> unit) * 'a) -> 'a
signal_action s def calls def with an abort function to get (action,v). The function action is scheduled for execution whenever the next signal s is received and will be called once with s when that happens or never if abort was called before, see Fut.Runtime.abort for details. The value v is simply returned by signal_action.
Timer actions
val timer_action : float -> (abort -> (float -> unit) * 'a) -> 'a
timer_action d def calls def with an abort function to get (action,v). The function action is scheduled for execution in d seconds and will be called once with the actualy delay that was performed or never if abort was called before, see Fut.Runtime.abort for details. The value v is simply returned by timer_action.
File descriptor actions and closing
val fd_action : [ 'R | 'W ] -> Unix.file_descr -> (bool -> unit) -> unit
fd_action fds fd a executes a true whenever fd is in the state fds. If fd is closed a false executed.
val fd_close : Unix.file_descr -> unit
TODO
Workers
Note. Most of the time a worker maps to a system thread, but the exact semantics is backend dependent. Workers are typically used to determine the future of futures queues.
Threads. If a backend uses threads it guarantees that the number of threads is 0 before any call is made to Fut.apply or Fut.Runtime.set_worker_count. This allows to fork TODO we need more to be able to fork.
val worker_count : unit -> int
worker_count () is the number of workers used by the backend.
val set_worker_count : int -> unit
set_worker_count n sets the number of workers to n.
Raises Invalid_argument if n is negative.
Note. Clients don't need to call this function explicitely, backends will automatically adjust workers once Fut.apply is called. Also if the number of workers is set to 0, a new call to Fut.apply may change the worker count again.
Warning. In most backends calling this function explicitely with n > 0 makes the program multithreaded..


A Moral Undertone
While reading about the warm water bidet toilet seat which cleanses way better than the softest bathroom tissue, I couldn't help but think of the millions who are forced into open defecation, the millions without bathrooms or those who maybe only have an outdoor privy. The luxury bidet starts at $250 and goes up to $1700. That's the income of several months or perhaps several years for the multitude who live on $1.25 a day. For those who can afford the warm water bidet toilet seat, however, the article's author vouches for not being able to do without it once you've tried it.
The world is full of inequalities, some more striking than others, some more vital than others. According to a new study in the Lancet, five billion people in the world have no access to safe surgeries. That means that numerous people are dying from treatable conditions, such as appendicitis or obstructed labor. True, most live in low and middle income countries, but not all. Not having access to needed surgeries can happen in the U.S. or in any industrialized country without a health care system that is affordable and accessible to all. What experts say is noteworthy about this study is that the number without access to safe surgery is far greater than previously believed.
We tend to accept inequalities between Western and non-western countries, between industrialized and poor nations, still our acceptance should not make us immune to the underlying moral issues they represent. Maybe inequalities are deeper and more glaring between rich and poor nations, and yet within our own societies some inequalities exist which are hard to morally justify. For many of us though here or there makes no difference, anywhere there is this kind of inequality, it carries a moral undertone.