text:
Prior to my departure to Paris for the Emory Neuroscience and Behavioral Biology summer study abroad program, I was told by numerous friends and family to "have some wine and cheese" for them. Many Americans (typically while pouring another glass of red wine) find themselves wondering how Parisians appear so healthy considering the stereotypical cheese and wine consumption in France. Among the many cultural differences I have already noticed my first week in Paris, both the different diet of Parisians and the different attitude towards life and work are quite clear. While engaging in the culture, I realized diet and life-work balance both connect to stress and I began to contemplate how these may all contribute to the health of the Parisian population.
Walking through Fromagerie Monbleu, the cheese shop hosting our class sponsored cheese tasting, I eagerly anticipated learning how to make sophisticated commentary on these much appreciated foods. What I did not expect, was to learn about the biological significance of taste and flavor. At Monbleu, the definition of taste focuses on how something feels to your mouth and detects sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami. I'm still a bit unsure about that last one, but it was described as savory and meaty. However, flavor is detected by the nose and breathing in maximizes the sensations from flavor. To enjoy food to the fullest, time is spent savoring it and engaging in the experience of tasting. Therefore, tasting is different from simply eating food as a means of caloric and nutritional intake. While we need to EAT food to survive, I was surprised to learn in class that there is biological significance to taste as well. Separate from the composition of food (the amount of carbs, fats, proteins etc.) that we put into our body, palatable foods which are pleasing to the taste have their own effect on our bodies through our brain's reward system. Perhaps the Parisian's enjoyment of delicious food (even if not the "healthiest" in terms of nutrition), contributes to their overall well-being. It was found in female rats that having palatable foods decreases anxiety and stress (Egan et al., 2019). Afterall, stress can be detrimental to our health. If indulging in some "comfort food" that happens to be less nutritious or low-fat results in a lesser stress response, it may be healthier for us to indulge in some cheese and crackers like Parisians than remain in a high stress state while "eating healthy".
Egan, A. E., Seemiller, L. R., Packard, A. E. B., Solomon, M. B., & Ulrich-Lai, Y. M. (2019). Palatable food reduces anxiety-like behaviors and HPA axis responses to stress in female rats in an estrous-cycle specific manner. Hormones and Behavior, 115, 104557. _URL_


text:
Axis of Power was exhibited at the Sharjah Biennial 9. 'Axis of Power' renders visible the immaterial nature of power. Dwarfing the viewer on a scale as large as a cinema screen 'Axis of Power' forces us to navigate itself in order to explore the interplay between two and three-dimensions, and in doing so, situating us within its power-relationship. This white monochrome is neither an image nor an object but rather something in-between. Like a scientific specimen; the power of nature appears to have been captured, isolated and objectified within the confines of the architecture.
Title: Axis of Power
Artist: David Spriggs
Location: Sharjah Art Museum, United Arab Emirates
Exhibition: Sharjah Biennial 9
Size: 640 x x 214 x 430 cm / 252 x 84 x 170 inches
Materials: Painted layered transparencies, metal framework

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Sikasso Region
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Sikasso Region
Location within Mali
Location within Mali
Coordinates: 11°11′59″N 7°5′49″W / 11.19972°N 7.09694°W / 11.19972; -7.09694Coordinates: 11°11′59″N 7°5′49″W / 11.19972°N 7.09694°W / 11.19972; -7.09694
Country Mali
Capital Sikasso
 - Total 70,280 km2 (27,140 sq mi)
Population (2009 census)[1]
 - Total 2,625,919
 - Density 37/km2 (97/sq mi)
Time zone UTC (UTC±0)
Sikasso Region is the southern-most region of Mali. The region's capital city, Sikasso, is the country's second-largest city and is growing rapidly due to people fleeing the violence in Côte d'Ivoire to the south. Major ethnic groups include the Senoufo, known for masks and reverence for animals, the Samago, known for being Mali's best farmers, and the main ethnic group in Mali, the Bambara people.The local economy is based on farming and the Sikasso, which receives more rain than any other Malian region, is known for its fruits and vegetables.
Administrative divisions[edit]
Cercles of the Sikasso Region
Sikasso Region is divided into seven cercles:[2][3]
Cercle name Area (km2) Population
Census 1998
Census 2009
Bougouni 20,028 307,633 459,509
Kadiolo 5,375 130,730 239,713
Kolondiéba 9,200 141,861 202,618
Koutiala 8,740 382,350 575,253
Sikasso 15,375 514,764 725,494
Yanfolida 9,240 163,798 211,824
Yorosso 5,500 141,021 211,508
The city of Sikasso is known for a vibrant outdoor market which features fabrics, numerous vegetables and fruits (especially mangoes, for which Sikasso is particularly renowned.) Sikasso is an ethnic and linguistic melting pot featuring people from outlying villages, immigrants from Côte d'Ivoire and Burkina Faso and refugees.
The southwest corner of the Sikasso region is traditionally known as Wassoulou. This area is known for its unique music and strong tradition of hunting. The main city of Wassoulou is Yanfolila.
Besides the regional capital, the other urban communes and major cities in Sikasso Region are Bougouni, a junction town en route to Bamako (the capital of Mali), and Koutiala in the northern part of Sikasso Region, which is the hub of Mali's highly productive cotton industry, which produces one of the country's few exports.
See also[edit]
 1. ^ Resultats Provisoires RGPH 2009 (Région de Sikasso) (PDF) (in French), République de Mali: Institut National de la Statistique, archived from the original on 19 September 2012 .
 2. ^ Loi N°99-035/ du 10 Aout 1999 Portant Création des Collectivités Territoriales de Cercles et de Régions (PDF) (in French), Ministère de l'Administration Territoriales et des Collectivités Locales, République du Mali, 1999 .
 3. ^ Communes de la Région de Sikasso (PDF) (in French), Ministère de l'administration territoriale et des collectivités locales, République du Mali, archived from the original on 19 September 2012 .
External links[edit]


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An Alternative Solution to Exchange Public Folders
If you are looking at removing Public Folders from your Microsoft Exchange Server environment, there is still a way to continue using these shared Outlook contacts, calendars, messages and notes too. By creating a dedicated shared mailbox to iPhone, you can easily migrate important public folder data and make it accessible to users.
Exchange Public Folder History Lesson
Since Microsoft Exchange Server 4.0 shipped in 1996, Public Folders were initially a compelling feature of the new messaging platform. However, after customers opened the floodgate to Public Folder usage, there were challenges and this collaboration feature got a bad rap:
 - Public Folders have almost always been quirky to manage in multi-server and multi-site environments.
 - Adding new user permissions to the PF hierarchy was notoriously difficult.
 - Replication failures would sometimes result in folder replicas that were out of sync.
 - Decommissioning of servers can lead to one or more folders being removed from every server.
 - Microsoft for several years publicly warned it will discontinue support for public folders. Recently it has reversed that stance.
 - Sharepoint seemed to be the recommended strategy for customers to replace Public Folders.
 - Office 365 did not support public folders until recently. However, it now does.
With all of these challenges, it is not surprising that many organizations are moving away from public folders.
Another perspective is a related post on the CiraSync Blog: Do Public Folders Hate Smartphones?
Although Microsoft had been telling customers for many years to prepare for a discontinuation of Public Folders, Exchange Server 2013 changed the architecture. Public Folders became part of a mailbox database which can take advantage of a DAG. With this solution, the Outlook clients will not need to add a secondary mailbox and it may be better than the remaining strategy described below.
Use a Mailbox instead of a Public Folder store
By creating a shared mailbox, you can set many users up to share it. The procedure is as follows:
 1. Create the shared mailbox. Give it a very descriptive name to avoid accidental deletion. Place comments on the mailbox description so another sysadmin knows who to contact.
 2. Disable archival features, or at least archive/delete for this mailbox. These folders are meant for long term reference.
 3. Do not hide the mailbox, because that would make it difficult for users to connect. However, you can remove it from the default GAL view.
 4. Make an AD Distribution Group to allow access to the shared mailbox to the appropriate population of users. Provide "Full Access" permissions to this group of users.
 5. Decide where you want to create folders. For example, you can use the default contacts folder, or create a new contact folder directly off of the mailbox root folder.
 6. Open up the new shared mailbox and move the public folders into it.
 7. Create instructions for desktop users to open the mailbox from Outlook, and distribute those instructions when you are ready.
 8. If you use the Exchange Powershell to delegate permissions, the Add-AdPermission -AutoMapping attribute could be an effective way to make this mailbox available without having to touch an Outlook Desktop.
There are several ways to provide access to users:
 - Using Outlook on the desktop, you can open the shared mailbox as a secondary mailbox. (See Open the Shared Mailbox as a Secondary Mailbox)
 - Using Outlook on the desktop, you can open the default, contacts, calendar, notes, or tasks folder (See below Opening a single Shared Mailbox Folder)
 - Using Outlook on the desktop, you can open the default, contacts, calendar, notes, or tasks folder (See below Opening a single Shared Mailbox Folder)
 - See my previous post on using a shared folder for access from an iPhone or Android smartphone.
 - If you have an application that was accessing the public folder, don't forget to re-configure the app to read the mailbox instead of the public folder. For example the Unified Contact Manager can use a mailbox data source instead of a public folder.
Opening a single Shared Mailbox Folder
If you only need to open a single folder and the folder is the default contacts, calendar or note folder, use this procedure:
Use the File Menu in Outlook and choose Open. At the bottom on the right, choose "Other Users Folder".
Opening a single Shared Mailbox Folder
When prompted, enter the name of the shared mailbox and choose the object type.
Shared Mailbox Folder setup for Contacts
You will now see the contacts folder of the shared mailbox.
Open the Shared Mailbox as a Secondary Mailbox
In this example, you will see how to modify an Outlook profile to open the shared mailbox as a secondary mailbox. This method will give user access to all folders in the mailbox. You can control specific access using granular permissions on each folder.
First, you need to switch Outlook to a folder view. At the bottom of the Outlook navigation bar, click the folder icon.
Use Outlook Folder List Selector to open shared mailbox
Next, at the top of the navigation bar, right click on the node that shows your email address and choose Properties.
Shared Mailbox as a Secondary Mailbox
In the Properties dialog box, click the advanced button.
Advanced Profile Setup - adding Shared Mailbox as a Secondary Mailbox
Now click the Add button and type the name of the shared mailbox when prompted.
Shared Mailbox as a Secondary Mailbox
Expand the node for the secondary mailbox and you be able to see all of the folders in the mailbox.
Create a shared contacts folder in a Shared Mailbox
Summary
While this strategy may not have the exact look and feel of public folders, it is workable. Start by testing it out with a small workgroup and expand if it meets your needs. As you can see, there are multiple paths to your objective, and you can select the one which works best in your environment.
[gtranslate]


What do the control valves operate in my spa?
Air Venturi Valves open an air line into the jet stream which pulls in air bubbles, so that you can increase/decrease the pressure of that jet and inserts bubbles into the flow.
Water Diverter Valves diverts the flow of water from one jet zone of the spa to the other.
Looking from the outside of the shell, if the piping goes straight down, this is a Venturi Valve. If the piping goes to a "T" shape, this is a Diverter Valve.
Waterfall Control Valves are the larger size and have a higher profile
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One Methods:Towel method
Picking up a guinea pig requires a gentleness and special handling and care. Find out how to hold them right.
 1. 1
 Be careful at all times; guinea pigs are fragile and easily frightened.
 2. 2
 Reach under your guinea pig's belly.
 3. 3
 Place your other hand under her back legs as you lift him. Having all legs supported helps the guinea pig to feel secure, and makes it less likely that she will scratch you.
 4. 4
 Pull him up to your chest. This gives him a sense of security.
Towel method
 1. 1
 Fold a large towel or find a small towel.
 2. 2
 Drape it over your guinea pig.
 3. 3
 Pick up your guinea pig without removing the towel.
 4. 4
 Once he is in your arms, wrap the towel around him.
 5. 5
 Hold your guinea pig for up to 20 minutes. He will start to squirm, and this means he needs to go back in his cage.
 - Pick up and hold your guinea pig every day so he becomes more social.
 - When placing your guinea pig back in his cage, slowly place him in backwards so he cannot see that he is headed back to his cage. They get very excited when being returned to their home, and will squirm or even attempt to jump from your hands. This can result in injury.
 - do not do any sudden moves or else your guinea pick would get frightened.
 - If your guinea pig runs into its hidey-hole, try to bribe it out with some lettuce or its favorite vegetable!
 - Make sure you do not get it a hamster ball, because they are not suitable for guinea pigs.
 - put some newspaper under the guinea pigs cage especially if they are outside in the backyard
 - The towel method could scare some guinea pigs, but is useful for picking up guineas prone to scratching or biting.
 - Be extremely careful as guinea pigs are fragile animals!
 - Never pick them up from their head or bottom!
 - Supervise young children when picking up and holding a guinea pig.
Things You'll Need
 - A guinea pig
 - Handful of lettuce (optional)
 - Towel
Article Info
Categories: Guinea Pigs
In other languages:
Español: levantar un conejillo de indias, Português: Pegar um Porquinho da índia, Italiano: Prendere in Braccio un Porcellino d'India
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char(255) default NULL,
 last_name varchar(255) default NULL,
 city varchar(255),
 state varchar(255)
);
-- Populate the table with data
INSERT INTO mytable (id,first_name,last_name,city,state)
 VALUES
 (1,'Ryan','Dalton','Salt Lake City','UT'),
 (2,'Upton','Conway','Birmingham','AL'),
 (3,'Kibo','Horton','Columbus','GA');
-- Unload the data to a file in a stage
COPY INTO @mystage
 FROM (SELECT OBJECT_CONSTRUCT('id', id, 'first_name', first_name, 'last_name', last_name, 'city', city, 'state', state) FROM mytable)
 FILE_FORMAT = (TYPE = JSON);
-- The COPY INTO location statement creates a file named data_0_0_0.json.gz in the stage.
-- The file contains the following data:
{"city":"Salt Lake City","first_name":"Ryan","id":1,"last_name":"Dalton","state":"UT"}
{"city":"Birmingham","first_name":"Upton","id":2,"last_name":"Conway","state":"AL"}
{"city":"Columbus","first_name":"Kibo","id":3,"last_name":"Horton","state":"GA"}
Unloading a Relational Table to Parquet with Multiple Columns
You can unload data in a relational table to a multi-column Parquet file by using a SELECT statement as input to the COPY statement. The SELECT statement specifies the column data in the relational table to include in the unloaded file. Use the HEADER = TRUE copy option to include the column headers in the output files.
For example, unload the rows from three columns (id, name, start_date) in the mytable table into one or more files that have the naming format myfile.parquet:
COPY INTO @mystage/myfile.parquet FROM (SELECT id, name, start_date FROM mytable)
 FILE_FORMAT=(TYPE='parquet')
 HEADER = TRUE;
Explicitly Converting Numeric Columns to Parquet Data Types
By default, when table data is unloaded to Parquet files, fixed-point number columns are unloaded as DECIMAL columns, while floating-point number columns are unloaded as DOUBLE columns.
To choose the Parquet data types for sets of unloaded data, call the CAST , :: function in the COPY INTO <location> statement to convert specific table columns to explicit data types. A query in a COPY INTO <location> statement enables selecting specific columns to unload and accepts conversion SQL functions to transform the column data.
Queries in COPY INTO <location> statements support the syntax and semantics of SELECT statements to query specific Snowflake table columns to unload. Convert the data in numeric columns to specific data types using the CAST , :: function.
The following table maps Snowflake numeric data types to Parquet physical and logical data types:
Snowflake Logical Data Type
Parquet Physical Data Type
Parquet Logical Data Type
TINYINT
INT32
INT(8)
SMALLINT
INT32
INT(16)
INT
INT32
INT(32)
BIGINT
INT64
INT(64)
FLOAT
FLOAT
N/A
DOUBLE
DOUBLE
N/A
The following example shows a COPY INTO <location> statement that converts the numeric data in each unloaded column to a different data type to explicitly choose the data types in the Parquet files:
COPY INTO @mystage
FROM (SELECT CAST(C1 AS TINYINT) ,
 CAST(C2 AS SMALLINT) ,
 CAST(C3 AS INT),
 CAST(C4 AS BIGINT) FROM mytable)
FILE_FORMAT=(TYPE=PARQUET);
Floating-point Numbers Truncated
When floating-point number columns are unloaded to CSV or JSON files, Snowflake truncates the values to approximately (15,9).
The values are not truncated when unloading floating-point number columns to Parquet files.
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text:
"The outstanding feature of the embedded dingye control system is the anti-interference and reliable stability under the environment of high and low temperature and high electromagnetic radiation. compared to PLC systems. Its obvious advantages are fast processing speed, easy to set up industrial Ethernet, convenient programming, good versatility, and the price is only a fraction of the PLC, which has a good development prospect. This paper mainly discusses the design of the embedded I/O system with EP9315 and MAX2_EPM240 as the core.
Introduction: The outstanding features of the embedded Dingye control system are the anti-interference and reliable stability under the environment of high and low temperature and high electromagnetic radiation. compared to PLC systems. Its obvious advantages are fast processing speed, easy to set up industrial Ethernet, convenient programming, good versatility, and the price is only a fraction of the PLC, which has a good development prospect. This paper mainly discusses the design of the embedded I/O system with EP9315 and MAX2_EPM240 as the core.
1 System Configuration
The whole embedded input and output system is divided into three parts: embedded system, application module (ie input and output module) and conversion module. The overall structure is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 System structure block diagram
1.1 Embedded System
This design selects the high-performance ARM9 embedded microprocessor EP9315 of CirrusLogic Company. This microprocessor has all the excellent performance of ARM920T core. The rich integrated peripheral interface includes Ethernet MAC, serial port, 2.0 full-speed HOSTUSB, LCD interface with dedicated SDRAM channel, touch screen interface, etc.
Cirrus logic company provides users with a full-featured development board based on this processor. Cooperate with Windows CE. net embedded operating system, with high system development efficiency and stable operation, provides a reliable system platform for industrial control. Based on the customized WinCE operating system, the special driver of the application module in the industrial control is realized, and the generality of the embedded system is improved.
The system described in this paper uses the rich integrated peripheral interface of the development board. Download eboot through serial port; download operating system kernel and application program through Ethernet, and realize Ethernet communication; HOST USB is connected to mouse to facilitate user operation; LCD screen realizes Display, and touch screen interface realizes panel touch operation.
1.2 Design of the conversion module
The conversion module is used to lead out the signal lines that need to be used on the development board, mainly including data lines, address lines and some I/O control signals (such as nWR, nRD, NCS3, nWAIT, etc.). The level conversion driver chip 74LVXC4245 is mainly used in the conversion module, and its functions include: (1) improving the quality of the signal; (2) anti-interference; (3) realizing level conversion; (4) improving the driving capability of the EP9315 pin.
1.3 Design of input and output module based on CPLD
1.3.1 Design idea of input and output module
In industrial applications, input/output modules usually include digital input modules, digital output modules, digital input/output modules, analog input modules, analog output modules, and analog input/output modules.
Considering that the complexity of different application systems is different, the requirements for input and output ports are also different. In order to flexibly add different types of input and output modules according to actual needs, the following ideas are adopted in the design:
The data bus, address bus and control bus of ARM9 are connected to multiple slots at the same time, and each slot is given a fixed address, called slot address, and various modules can be inserted into any slot.
All kinds of input/output modules are developed and designed based on CPLD, to realize the detection and control of the external system. But for different input and output application systems, the input signal and output signal characteristics are different, showing complexity. The above-mentioned complexity must be considered in the design, and the corresponding input and output signals must be signal-conditioned according to the actual situation. In order to ensure the stability and speed of the connection between the input and output modules and the ARM9 master controller, the expansion of the bus method is adopted: the CPLD is hung in the BANK3 space of the ARM9, and 11 address lines, 16 data lines, and corresponding control lines are connected. (including nRD, nWR, nCS3, nWAIT). The overall design block diagram of various input/output modules can be shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 Block diagram of the input and output module structure
The main functions of the signal conditioning circuit are: realize the conditioning of various input signals to meet the electrical requirements of the CPLD input pins; realize the conditioning of the CPLD output signals to meet the electrical requirements of the application system. CPLD bus function: establish the signal connection between CPLD and ARM9 through various buses to realize the communication between CPLD and ARM9.
Because various types of modules can be inserted into any slot, in order to realize the automatic identification of different types of modules, each type of module is given an ID code through the hardware design language. ARM can determine what kind of module it is by reading the ID code through the "read ID code address". The corresponding operation can then be carried out according to the module type.
1.3.2 Selected port data of CPLD.
Altera's MAXII device adopts a new CPLD structure, which is more cost-effective, lower power consumption, and larger capacity than previous MAX devices, making it an ideal solution for complex control applications. Considering that the functions of the input and output modules are relatively simple and do not require a large number of complex operations, the system is designed with a relatively small capacity EPM240.
1.3.3 Software Design of CPLD
In order to realize the read and write control of the input and output module through the address bus, data bus and control bus of ARM9, the CPLD of the input and output module must be programmed in hardware language according to the read and write sequence diagram of ARM9.
The key code of the input module is as follows:
The function of the first assign statement in the program: when the lower five bits of the address bus are 5'b00000, which is the "read module ID code address", the module's ID code is output to the data bus.
The function of the second assign statement: when the lower five bits of the address bus are 5″b00100, that is, "read module data address", the module input port data is read into the data bus.
The simulation result of the input module Quatuttis II is shown in Figure 3. As can be seen from the figure, when the lower five-bit address of the address bus is 5'b00100, the module input port data (de24v_in) is read into the data bus (data_bus).
Figure 3 Input module simulation timing diagram
In the same way, the tank module design can be carried out, and the key code is as follows:
always @ (posedge pro_clk) begin
mem_data[ i ]=data_bus;
if((mem data ==mem_data)&(mem_data==mem_data)&(mem_data==
relay_reg = mem_data;
assign relay = relay_reg;
assign led = ~relay_reg;
assign data_bus = ((~(RDICS))&(address==baddr[10:5])&(baddr[4:0]==5'b00000))?16'b0000000011011110:16'bz;
The function of the alwavs statement in the program: when the lower five bits of the address bus are 5'b00010, which is the "write module data address", the data bus data is written to the register mem_data. In order to enhance the anti-interference ability, the program adopts continuous reading of the data bus data four times and judges whether it is consistent. If it is consistent, the module output port data is updated.
The function of the third assign statement in the program: when the lower five bits of the address bus are 5'b00000, which is the "read module ID code address", the module's ID code is output to the data bus.
Output module Quarutu. The simulation result of II is shown in Fig. 4. As can be seen from the figure, when the lower five bits of the address bus are 5'b00100, the data bus (data_bus) is written to the module output port (relay).
Figure 4 Output module simulation timing diagram
2 System software design
2.1 Driver Design Ideas
The I/O module driver is designed based on the stream interface driver type. The design of the driver should consider the reasonable allocation of physical addresses according to the realization function on the one hand, and the interface with the application program on the other hand. The following is a detailed discussion of the design ideas of the driver around these two aspects.
2.1.1 Reasonable allocation of physical addresses
For the input module, the following two operations are included. (1) Read the ID code; (2) Read the input port data. For the output module, the following two operations are included. (1) Read ID code; (2) Write data to the output port.
In order to ensure the universality of the driver, that is to say, for the module inserted into a certain slot, whether it is an input module or an output module, the driver structure is the same. Three physical addresses can be assigned to each slot, including reading the ID code address (referred to as "ID address"), reading the input module data

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
21 Dec Imago provides atomic probe to Australian lab
The Nanostructural Analysis Network Organisation, a major Australian facility for nanotechnology research, said it has commissioned an instrument built by Madison-based Imago Scientific Instruments Corp.
NANO officials said they were pleased with the installation, which Australian and international researchers can use at the University of Sydney.
Imago makes tools to analyse materials down to the atomic scale using technology includig three-dimensional atom probes, which take apart small samples atom by atom to collect data about the composition. Imago says its technology can deliver results in hours.
NANO is funded by the Australian Commonwealth Government, several state governments and industry. It is one of 15 Major National Research Facilities in the country.


text:
- tribal organization, culture, loyalty, etc.
- a strong sense of identifying with and being loyal to one's tribe, group, etc.
See tribalism in American Heritage Dictionary 4
- The organization, culture, or beliefs of a tribe.
- A strong feeling of identity with and loyalty to one's tribe or group.
Learn more about tribalism

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


postcmd(r, l)
if not r:
 interpreter.mainloop()
This will prevent you from troubles if you want later to inherit for a class which would have modified the hooks.
Creating components
One other strength of the cmd module is that it handle multiple inheritance. That mean that you can create helper class intended to provide additional features.
Shell access
import os
class shell_cmd(cmd.Cmd,object):
 def do_shell(self, s):
 os.system(s)
 def help_shell(self):
 print "execute shell commands"
By deriving from this class, you will be able to execute any shell command:
(Cmd) shell date
Thu Sep 9 08:57:14 CEST 2002
(Cmd) ! ls /usr/local/lib/python2.2/config
Makefile Setup.config config.c install-sh makesetup Setup
Setup.local config.c.in libpython2.2.a python.o
By the way the cmd module understand the ! character as a shortcut for the shell command.
Exit
class exit_cmd(cmd.Cmd,object):
 def can_exit(self):
 return True
 def onecmd(self, line):
 r = super (exit_cmd, self).onecmd(line)
 if r and (self.can_exit() or
 raw_input('exit anyway ? (yes/no):')=='yes'):
 return True
 return False
 def do_exit(self, s):
 return True
 def help_exit(self):
 print "Exit the interpreter."
 print "You can also use the Ctrl-D shortcut."
 do_EOF = do_exit
 help_EOF= help_exit
This class provide the exit command to abort the interpreter. You can protect exit by overriding the can_exit method.
Gluing all together
Now with a class that inherit both from exit_cmd and shell_cmd you will be able to define an interpreter that understand the shell and exit commands.
References
[_URL_ cmd module reference]
Unable to edit the page? See the FrontPage for instructions.


text:
Where Kids can Take Center Stage + Theater Classes Around Kalamazoo
Consider these locations for dramatic arts instruction with many offering both year-round courses and summer camps. There are fun options for all ages (including adults) and varied interests to let kids take center stage.
Topanga Studio hosts a creative space for families to learn and explore. Courses include music, dance, theatre and creative play. Weekly classes average four weeks. Target ages: 2-7.
Crawlspace Theatre Productions holds courses on improvisation for ages 7-13. Classes meet for weekly for five weeks in the First Baptist Church in Kalamazoo. No experience is necessary to join; adult classes also offered.
Known for their theatrical productions, The Kalamazoo Civic Theatre offers their own Academy of Theatre Arts to teach students from ages 3 to 103 in the dramatic arts.
Their focus is on education and process, rather than the end stage performance. Classes meet weekly for five weeks and emphasize inclusiveness; all experience and backgrounds are encouraged and welcomed.
Vicksburg Community Center is now home to Prism Performing Arts. This center includes playwriting, directing, acting and improvisation. Courses and summer camps are offered, and geared for ages 4-14.
Opening Act Theatre Company in Lawton focuses on telling a good story through performing arts (acting, music, and dance). Performances are shown at the Paw Paw Playhouse. They offer private lessons, summer camps, and after school classes for grades 1-8.
Head a north to the Grand Rapids Civic Theatre for their School of Theatre Arts; you will find a comprehensive program covering acting, sketch comedy, musical theatre, improvisation and dance. Students starting at age 4 are mentored by professional theatre artists. Classes meet weekly for six weeks.


text:
2021-11-15 17:38:49 source: Ye Ke
Video recording of the 4th Overseas Chinese Agricultural Products Exhibition (Video/Ye Ke)
The three-day Fourth Overseas Chinese Imported Commodities Expo has included a sub-expo called "The Fourth Overseas Chinese Agricultural Products Exhibition" which showcases a variety of representative agricultural products and techniques of local Qingtian County and China in general.
Qingtian County, which is popularly known as China's most renowned "hometown of overseas Chinese" or "qiaoxiang", is also a Chinese county with a long history of agriculture, with many agricultural legacies beneficial to the whole world.
The Rice-Fish Cultural System (RFC) of Longxian Village in Qingtian County, is probably one of the most well-known Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) in the world. It spreads over 461 ha and has 50 ha, representing an ingenious agricultural rice-fish mutuality practiced by farmers over generations. Instead of using pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers, fish eat plant hoppers and weeds while providing nutrients for rice. As they swim in the paddies, they soften the soil and bring oxygen into the water. As reciprocity, rice plants provide shades for fish.
For years, Qingtian is working hard to preserve the agricultural legacies and continue to push forward the development and innovation of agricultural resources. The Overseas Chinese Agricultural Products Exhibition has been held for three years and has benefited a lot for the local community.
This year, a wide range of agricultural products from Qingtian and China has been introduced on exhibition, which has showcased the splendid agricultural culture of the Chinese nation.
Editor: Ye Ke


text:
Lugalbanda is a character found in Sumerian mythology and literature. His name is composed of two Sumerian words meaning "young king" (lugal: king; banda: young, junior; small). Lugalbanda is listed in the postdiluvian period of the Sumerian king list as the second king of Uruk, saying he ruled for 1,200 years, and providing him with the epithet of the Shepherd. Whether a king Lugalbanda ever historically ruled over Uruk, and if so, at what time, is quite uncertain. Attempts to date him in the ED II period are based on an amalgamation of data from the epic traditions of the 2nd Millennium with unclear archaeological observations.
Lugalbanda prominently features as the hero of two Sumerian stories dated to the Ur III period (21st century BCE), called by scholars Lugalbanda I (or Lugalbanda in the Mountain Cave) and Lugalbanda II (or Lugalbanda and the Anzu Bird). Both are known only in later versions, although there is an Ur III fragment that is quite different than either 18th century version These tales are part of a series of stories that describe the conflicts between Enmerkar, king of Unug (Uruk), and Ensuhkeshdanna, lord of Aratta, presumably in the Iranian highlands. In these two stories, Lugalbanda is a soldier in the army of Enmerkar, whose name also appears in the Sumerian King List as the first king of Uruk and predecessor of Lugalbanda. The extant fragments make no reference to Lugalbanda's succession as king following Enmerkar.
Lugalbanda appears in Sumerian literary sources as early as the mid-3rd millennium, as attested by a mythological text from Abu Salabikh that describes a romantic relationship between Lugalbanda and Ninsun.
A deified Lugalbanda often appears as the husband of the goddess Ninsun. In the earliest god-lists from Fara, his name appears separate and in a much lower ranking than Ninsun, but in later traditions, until the Seleucid period, his name is often listed in god-lists along with his consort Ninsun. Ample evidence for the worship of Lugalbanda as a deity comes from the Ur III period, as attested in tablets from Nippur, Ur, Umma and Puzrish-Dagan. In Old Babylonian period, Sin-kashid of Uruk is known to have built a temple called É-KI.KAL dedicated to Lugalbanda and Ninsun, and to have assigned his daughter Niši-īnī-šu as the eresh-dingir priestess of Lugalbanda.
In royal hymns of the Ur III period, Ur-Nammu of Ur and his son Shulgi describe Lugalbanda and Ninsun as their holy parents, and in the same context call themselves the brother of Gilgamesh. Sin-Kashid of Uruk also refers to Lugalbanda and Ninsun as his divine parents, and names Lugalbanda as his god.
In the Akkadian Epic of Gilgamesh and in earlier Sumerian stories about the hero, the king of Uruk, Gilgamesh, calls himself the son of Lugalbanda and Ninsun. In the Gilgamesh and Huwawa tale, the hero consistently uses the assertive phrase: "By the life of my own mother Ninsun and of my father, holy Lugalbanda!". In Akkadian versions of the epic, Gilgamesh also refers to Lugalbanda as his personal god, and in one episode presents the oil filled horns of the defeated Bull of Heaven "for the anointing of his god Lugalbanda".
See also
- Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary Project
- Vanstiphout, H. (2002) "Sanctus Lugalbanda" in Riches Hidden in Secret Places, T. Abusch (ed.), Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, p.260; The name has no such connotations of 'crown prince'.
- English translation of Sumerian King List in The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature
- Lugalbanda, Reallexikon der Assyriologie 7, p.117.
- Michalowski, P. (2009) "Maybe Epic: The Origins and Reception of Sumerian Heroic Poetry" in Epic and History, D. Konstans and K. Raaflaub (eds.), Oxford: Blackwells. p.13 and n.8; Tablet 6N-T638; as of March 2011 tablet awaits publication.
- For a detailed treatment of Enmerkar and Lugalbanda stories see: Vanstiphout, H. (2003). Epics of Sumerian Kings, Atlanta: SBL. ISBN 1-58983-083-0
- Jacobsen, Thorkild (1989) "Lugalbanda and Ninsuna", Journal of Cuneiform Studies Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 69-86
- Ninsun (dLamma-Nin-sún) in Tablet I line 15, Lugalbanda in Tablet VII line 15.
- Exceptions exist. For a full summary of the god-list references refer to Reallexikon der Assyriologie 7, p.118.
- Reallexikon der Assyriologie 7, p.119-20. Nippur tablets indicate that all Ur III kings have made offerings to the deity Lugalbanda
- Reallexikon der Assyriologie 7, p.120
- Reallexikon der Assyriologie 7, p. 131. See also Ur-Namma hymns and Shulgi hymns
- Sjöberg, Äke W. (1972) "Die Göttliche Abstammung der sumerisch-babylonischen Herrscher," Orientalia Suecana 21, p.98
- Ninsumun is another name for Ninsun. Both names Lugalbanda and Ninsun are written with divine determinatives. For two separate Sumerian versions of Gilgamesh and Huwawa see ETCSL.
- For a discussion of parentage of Gilgamesh and further references see: George, Andrew (2003), Babylonian Gilgamesh Epic, Oxford. ISBN 0-19-814922-0, p.107 ff.
- George, p.629.
|Lugal of Uruk
ca. 2600 BC or legendary
Dumuzid, the Fisherman
|Ante-Diluvian kings||Alulim · Dumuzid the Shepherd · Ziusudra||3rd Dynasty of Kish||Kubaba|
|1st Dynasty of Kish||Etana · Enmebaragesi||3rd Dynasty of Uruk||Lugal-zage-si|
|1st Dynasty of Uruk||Enmerkar · Lugalbanda · Dumuzid, the Fisherman · Gilgamesh||Dynasty of Akkad||Sargon · Tashlultum · Enheduanna · Rimush · Manishtushu ·
Naram-Sin · Shar-Kali-Sharri · Dudu · Shu-turul
|1st Dynasty of Ur||Meskalamdug · Mesannepada · Puabi|
|2nd Dynasty of Uruk||Enshakushanna||2nd Dynasty of Lagash||Puzer-Mama · Gudea|
|1st Dynasty of Lagash||Ur-Nanshe · Eannatum · En-anna-tum I · Entemena · Urukagina||5th Dynasty of Uruk||Utu-hengal|
|Dynasty of Adab||Lugal-Anne-Mundu||3rd dynasty of Ur||Ur-Nammu · Shulgi · Amar-Sin · Shu-Sin · Ibbi-Sin|


et al. 2017a,b) among these models.
Existing approaches to learning node representations usually study networks with a single type of proximity between nodes, which defines a single view of a network. However, in reality there usually exists multiple types of proximities between nodes, yielding networks with multiple views. An Attention-based Collaboration Framework for Multi-View Network Representation Learning [code] studied learning node representations for networks with multiple views, which aimed to infer robust node representations across different views. They proposed a multi-view representation learning approach (MVE), which promoted the collaboration of different views, letting them vote for robust representations. During the voting process, an attention mechanism was introduced, which enabled each node to focus on the most informative views. Experimental results on real-world networks showed that the proposed approach outperformed state of the art approaches for network representation learning (node classification; link prediction) with a single or multiple views.
mvn2vec: Preservation and Collaboration in Multi-View Network Embedding focused on the characteristics that were specific and important in embedding multi-view networks. They identified two characteristics, "preservation" and "collaboration" and explored the feasibility of achieving better embedding quality by simultaneously modeling preservation and collaboration. As shown in their Fig. 1a, a multi-view network consists of multiple network views, where each view corresponds to a type of edge, and all views share the same set of node.
 - This paper, and An Attention-based Collaboration Framework for Multi-View Network Representation Learning, above are conceptually similar (compare Fig. 1 in each paper). Dr. Jiawei Han, University of Chicago at Urbana-Champaign, is also a coauthor on both papers.
 - Collaboration: In some datasets, edges between the same pair of nodes may be observed in different views due to shared latent reasons. For instance, if nodes in two views may complement (interact with) each other in various social media contexts, embedding them jointly may potentially yield better results than embedding them independently.
Preservation: On the other hand, it is possible for different network views to have different semantic meanings; it is also possible that a portion of nodes have completely disagreeing edges in different views since edges in different views are formed due to distinct latent reasons. For example, professional relationships may not align well with friendships. If we embed the profession and the friendship views into the same embedding space, the embedding fails to preserve the unique information carried by the different network views. The authors refer to the need for preserving unique information carried by different views as "preservation."
 - It is also possible for preservation and collaboration to co-exist in the same multi-view network.
In a multi-view graph embedding, each node is assigned a vector that incorporates data from all views of the graph (for this paragraph see the Introduction in Multi-View Graph Embedding Using Randomized Shortest Paths and the references cited therein). Simple methods to create multi-view embeddings include combining multiple views of the graph into one graph using an AND/OR aggregation of the edge sets and embedding the resulting single graph, or embedding each view independently and concatenating the different embeddings obtained for each node. More sophisticated algorithms have been developed based on matrix factorization, tensor factorization, and spectral embedding. Many of these algorithms focus on clustering multi-view graphs, a specific application thereof. High clustering accuracy indicates a good embedding since relative similarity between nodes should be correctly reflected in the embedding. … . Ideally, graph embeddings should preserve the distances between the nodes in their respective node embeddings.
Multi-View Graph Embedding Using Randomized Shortest Paths [experimental results proposed a generalized distance on multi-view graphs called the Common Randomized Shortest Path Dissimilarity (C-RSP), based on the randomized shortest path (RSP) dissimilarity measure on single-view graphs. This algorithm generated a dissimilarity measure between nodes by minimizing the expected cost of a random walk between any two nodes across all views of a multi-view graph, in doing so encoding both the local and global structure of the graph. This leads to more accurate graph embeddings, resulting in better visualization and high clustering accuracy.
Unsupervised Multi-view Nonlinear Graph Embedding addressed "multi-view" graph embedding: given a graph with node features they aimed to learn a network embedding (for each node from its network features) and a content embedding (from its content features) simultaneously for each node in an unsupervised manner. Generally, network structure and node features are considered as two different "views" for a node in the graph; in this work the authors allowed the network and content "views" to reinforce one another, to obtain better graph embeddings. They proposed a simple, effective unsupervised Multi-viEw nonlineaR Graph Embedding (MERGE) model. Inspired by structural deep network embedding, MERGE encoded the nonlinearity of the network/content by taking the network/content features as input, and then applying a deep autoencoder to learn a nonlinear network/content embedding for each node. MERGE also preserved the second-order proximity by extending DeepWalk to the multi-view setting: MERGE extended DeepWalk enabling one node's embedding to interpret its "neighbor" node's content embedding, enforcing cross-instance-cross-view consistency. MERGE consistently outperformed the state of the art baselines over five public datasets including PubMed (their Table 2) with O(|V| complexity, with one third the training data.
End-to-End Multi-View Networks for Text Classification [non-author code here and herediscussion] from National Research Council Canada proposed a "multi-view network" for text classification. It is outperformed by CoVe in Socher's Learned in Translation: Contextualized Word Vectors (their Table 4).
[Table of Contents]
Link prediction, the discovery of relations such as (subject, relation, object) triples, is tremendously useful for knowledge graph construction/embedding/completion, fact checking, and knowledge discovery.
Embeddings of knowledge graphs have received significant attention due to their excellent performance for tasks like link prediction and entity resolution. In Complex and Holographic Embeddings of Knowledge Graphs: A Comparison Théo Trouillon and Maximilian Nickel provided a comparison of two state of the art knowledge graph embeddings: ComplEx and HolE. They briefly reviewed both models, discussing how their scoring functions were equivalent, and then analyzed the discrepancy of results reported in the original articles – showing experimentally that they are likely due to the use of different loss functions. They also discussed advantages and disadvantages of both models and under which conditions one would be preferable to the other.
Critique:
 - Although they do not label the models in their Table 1, from their discussion of the loss models, "Margin" refers to their HolE model, whereas "Neg-LL" refers to Trouillon et al.'s ComplEx model.
 - The filtered MRR value (0.541) that they report for HolE on the FB15k dataset in this 2017 paper differs from the value (0.524) that they reported in their earlier 2016 and 2017 papers.
 - Likewise, the filtered MRR value (0.639) that they report for ComplEx on the FB15k dataset in this 2017 paper differs from the value (0.692) that they reported in their earlier 2016 and 2017 papers.
 - Excellent non-author code, discussion and examples for HolE (Holographic Embeddings of Knowledge Graphs [author's code]) – by Maximilian Nickel, Lorenzo Rosasco and Tomaso Poggio at MIT – is found in this GitHub repository. Holographic embeddings are an approach to generating entity embeddings from a list of (head, tail, relation) triples like ("Jeff", "Amazon", "employer") and ("Zuck", "Palo Alto", "location"). Embeddings can be used as lossy (but memory-efficient) inputs to other machine learning models, used directly in triple inference (i.e. knowledge base completion, or link prediction) by evaluating the likelihood of candidate triples, or to search for associated entities using k-nearest neighbors. For example, a search from the embedding representing the entity "University of California, Berkeley" yields the associated entities "UC Irvine", "Stanford University", "USC", "UCLA", and "UCSD" (see the figure in the GitHub repo).
Improving Knowledge Graph Embedding Using Simple Constraints [code] investigated the potential of using very simple constraints to improve KG embedding. They examined non-negativity constraints on entity representations and approximate entailment constraints on relation representations (hence, "ComplEx-NNE+AER" – an extension of the original ComplEx, described by Trouillon et al. in Complex Embeddings for Simple Link Prediction and their follow-on paper Knowledge Graph Completion via Complex Tensor Factorization). Non-negativity constraints on entity representations help learn compact and interpretable representations for entities, whereas approximate entailment constraints on relation representations further encode regularities of logical entailment between relations into their distributed representations. The constraints impose prior beliefs upon the structure of the embedding


s: .. math:: \\text{dCor}(X, Y) = \\frac{\\text{dCov}(X, Y)} {\\sqrt{\\text{dVar}(X) \\cdot \\text{dVar}(Y)}} where :math:'\\text{dCov}(X, Y)' is the square root of the arithmetic average of the product of the double-centered pairwise Euclidean distance matrices. Note that by contrast to Pearson's correlation, the distance correlation cannot be negative, i.e :math:'0 \\leq \\text{dCor} \\leq 1'. Results have been tested against the 'energy <_URL_ R package. References ---------- * _URL_ * Székely, G. J., Rizzo, M. L., & Bakirov, N. K. (2007). Measuring and testing dependence by correlation of distances. The annals of statistics, 35(6), 2769-2794. * _URL_ * _URL_ Examples -------- 1. With two 1D vectors >>> from pingouin import distance_corr >>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] >>> b = [1, 2, 9, 4, 4] >>> dcor, pval = distance_corr(a, b, seed=9) >>> print(round(dcor, 3), pval) 0.763 0.312 2. With two 2D arrays and no p-value >>> import numpy as np >>> np.random.seed(123) >>> from pingouin import distance_corr >>> a = np.random.random((10, 10)) >>> b = np.random.random((10, 10)) >>> round(distance_corr(a, b, n_boot=None), 3) 0.88 """ assert alternative in ['two-sided', 'greater', 'less'], ( "Alternative must be one of 'two-sided' (default), 'greater' or 'less'.") x = np.asarray(x) y = np.asarray(y) # Check for NaN values if any([np.isnan(np.min(x)), np.isnan(np.min(y))]): raise ValueError('Input arrays must not contain NaN values.') if x.ndim == 1: x = x[:, None] if y.ndim == 1: y = y[:, None] assert x.shape[0] == y.shape[0], 'x and y must have same number of samples' # Extract number of samples n = x.shape[0] n2 = n**2 # Process first array to avoid redundancy when performing bootstrap a = squareform(pdist(x, metric='euclidean')) A = a - a.mean(axis=0)[None, :] - a.mean(axis=1)[:, None] + a.mean() dcov2_xx = np.vdot(A, A) / n2 # Process second array and compute final distance correlation dcor = _dcorr(y, n2, A, dcov2_xx) # Compute one-sided p-value using a bootstrap procedure if n_boot is not None and n_boot > 1: # Define random seed and permutation rng = np.random.RandomState(seed) bootsam = rng.random_sample((n_boot, n)).argsort(axis=1) bootstat = np.empty(n_boot) for i in range(n_boot): bootstat[i] = _dcorr(y[bootsam[i, :]], n2, A, dcov2_xx) pval = _perm_pval(bootstat, dcor, alternative=alternative) return dcor, pval else: return dcor


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Beter onderwijs
Greece gifts new chances
Registrations are growing for the 'Second Chance Schools' initiative in Greece
The Second Chance Schools (SDE) initiative is an innovative lifelong learning programme from the Greek Ministry of Education supported by the ESF. Intended for individuals of 18 years and older who have only primary school leaving certificate levels of education, the project involves a public school that offers training to baccalaureate level to improve the employability and social inclusion of its graduates. Teaching covers many subjects, from languages and maths to computers and career counselling, and its approach is from the adult-learning perspective, focusing on active participation.


two people out of the five to be the "first two". This is why we multiply by C(n,k). The probability of having any two of the five people be believers is ten times 0.03087, or 0.3087.
Mean[edit]
The mean can be derived as follow.
\operatorname{E}[X] = \sum_i f(x_i) \cdot x_i = \sum_{x=0}^n {n \choose x} p^x \left(1-p\right)^{n-x} \cdot x
\operatorname{E}[X] = \sum_{x=0}^n {n! \over x!(n-x)!} p^x \left(1-p\right)^{n-x} x
\operatorname{E}[X] = {n! \over 0!(n-0)!} p^0 \left(1-p\right)^{n-0} \cdot 0 + \sum_{x=1}^n {n! \over x!(n-x)!} p^x \left(1-p\right)^{n-x} x
\operatorname{E}[X] = 0 + \sum_{x=1}^n {n(n-1)! \over x(x-1)!(n-x)!} p \cdot p^{x-1} \left(1-p\right)^{n-x} x
\operatorname{E}[X] = np\sum_{x=1}^n {(n-1)! \over (x-1)!(n-x)!} p^{x-1} \left(1-p\right)^{n-x}
Now let w=x-1 and m=n-1. We see that m-w=n-x. We can now rewrite the summation as
\operatorname{E}[X] = np \left[\sum_{w=0}^m {m! \over w!(m-w)!} p^{w} \left(1-p\right)^{m-w}\right]
We now see that the summation is the sum over the complete pmf of a binomial random variable distributed Bin(m, p). This is equal to 1 (and can be easily verified using the Binomial theorem). Therefore, we have
\operatorname{E}[X] = np \left[1\right]=np
Variance[edit]
We derive the variance using the following formula:
\operatorname{Var}[X] = \operatorname{E}[X^2] - (\operatorname{E}[X])^2.
We have already calculated E[X] above, so now we will calculate E[X2] and then return to this variance formula:
\operatorname{E}[X^2] = \sum_i f(x_i) \cdot x^2
= \sum_{x=0}^n x^2 \cdot {n\choose x}p^x(1-p)^{n-x}.
We can use our experience gained above in deriving the mean. We use the same definitions of m and w.
\operatorname{E}[X^2] = \sum_{x=0}^n {n! \over x!(n-x)!} p^x \left(1-p\right)^{n-x} x^2
\operatorname{E}[X^2] = 0 + \sum_{x=1}^n {n! \over x!(n-x)!} p^x \left(1-p\right)^{n-x} x^2
\operatorname{E}[X^2] = np\sum_{x=1}^n {(n-1)! \over (x-1)!(n-x)!} p^{x-1} \left(1-p\right)^{n-x}x
\operatorname{E}[X^2] = np \sum_{w=0}^m {m\choose w} p^{w} \left(1-p\right)^{m-w}(w+1)
\operatorname{E}[X^2] = np \left[\sum_{w=0}^m {m\choose w} p^{w} \left(1-p\right)^{m-w}w+\sum_{w=0}^m {m\choose w} p^{w} \left(1-p\right)^{m-w} \right]
The first sum is identical in form to the one we calculated in the Mean (above). It sums to mp. The second sum is 1.
\operatorname{E}[X^2] = np \cdot ( mp + 1) = np((n-1)p + 1) = np(np - p + 1).
Using this result in the expression for the variance, along with the Mean (E(X) = np), we get
\operatorname{Var}(X) = \operatorname{E}[X^2] - (\operatorname{E}[X])^2 = np(np - p + 1) - (np)^2 = np(1-p).
External links[edit]
Poisson Distribution[edit]
Poisson
Probability mass function
Plot of the Poisson PMF
The horizontal axis is the index k, the number of occurrences. The function is only defined at integer values of k. The connecting lines are only guides for the eye.
Cumulative distribution function
Plot of the Poisson CDF
The horizontal axis is the index k, the number of occurrences. The CDF is discontinuous at the integers of k and flat everywhere else because a variable that is Poisson distributed only takes on integer values.
Notation \mathrm{Pois}(\lambda)\,
Parameters λ > 0 (real)
Support k ∈ { 0, 1, 2, 3, ... }
PMF \frac{\lambda^k}{k!}\cdot e^{-\lambda}
CDF \frac{\Gamma(\lfloor k+1\rfloor, \lambda)}{\lfloor k\rfloor !}\! --or-- e^{-\lambda} \sum_{i=0}^{\lfloor k\rfloor} \frac{\lambda^i}{i!}\
(for k\ge 0 where \Gamma(x, y)\,\! is the Incomplete gamma function and \lfloor k\rfloor is the floor function)
Mean \lambda\,\!
Median \approx\lfloor\lambda+1/3-0.02/\lambda\rfloor
Mode \lfloor\lambda\rfloor,\,\lceil\lambda\rceil - 1
Variance \lambda\,\!
Skewness \lambda^{-1/2}\,
Ex. kurtosis \lambda^{-1}\,
Entropy \lambda[1\!-\!\log(\lambda)]\!+\!e^{-\lambda}\sum_{k=0}^\infty \frac{\lambda^k\log(k!)}{k!}
(for large \lambda) \frac{1}{2}\log(2 \pi e \lambda) - \frac{1}{12 \lambda} - \frac{1}{24 \lambda^2} -
 \frac{19}{360 \lambda^3} + O(\frac{1}{\lambda^4})
MGF \exp(\lambda (e^{t}-1))\,
CF \exp(\lambda (e^{it}-1))\,
PGF \exp(\lambda(z - 1))\,
Any French speaker will notice that "Poisson" means "fish", but really there's nothing fishy about this distribution. It's actually pretty straightforward. The name comes from the mathematician Siméon-Denis Poisson (_PHONE_).
The Poisson Distribution is very similar to the Binomial Distribution. We are examining the number of times an event happens. The difference is subtle. Whereas the Binomial Distribution looks at how many times we register a success over a fixed total number of trials, the Poisson Distribution measures how many times a discrete event occurs, over a period of continuous space or time. There isn't a "total" value n. As with the previous sections, let's examine a couple of experiments or questions that might have an underlying Poisson nature.
 - How many pennies will I encounter on my walk home?
 - How many children will be delivered at


text:
- Check that common properties are set as prefetched.
- If you don't want to match proxies in your query add a "
AND ecm:isProxy = 0" clause
If you don't use proxy at all deactivate them at the repository level inside the
If you are doing NXQL query that involve custom schema you may need to add custom index to make the request efficient. You can trace the slow NXQL queries using NXP-14845.
- Use groups to manage ACL. Adding a user to a group is free, but adding a user in an ACL at the root level has a cost because optimized read ACLs need to be recomputed.
- Consider disabling the OS swapping (sudo swapoff -a) or try to lower the swapiness (vm.swappiness = 1)
- Check the network latency between the application and the database.
- Configure ImageMagick to use a single thread.
- Monitor everything, JVM, GC, VCS cache hit ratio, database, system.


text:
Chairman of the Texas Democratic Party
Born and raised in the Rio Grande Valley, Gilberto attended public schools and received his bachelor's degree from Pan American University (now University of Texas, PAU). He was the first in his family to graduate from college. He went on and received a doctor of jurisprudence from Georgetown University Law Center in Washington D.C. After law school, Gilberto practiced law as an attorney for Migrant Legal Action Program (MLAP), a national legal services support center in Washington D.C. At MLAP, he represented migrant farm workers in the courts and to state and national governmental agencies. He represented farm workers in class actions seeking federal minimum wages, gained access to farm labor camps, prevented temporary foreign workers from being brought to the United States to break farm worker strikes, and made sure that the U.S. Department of Labor Employment Services Division provided farm workers with needed interstate employment services. Gilberto went on to become the director of the Migrant Farm Worker Program of Colorado Rural Legal Services. In 1981, he returned to Texas, where he was the managing attorney for the Brownsville office of Texas Rural Legal Aid, Inc.
In 1984, Gilberto was elected to the Board of Trustees of the Brownsville Independent School District, where he served as Vice President of the Board before being appointed Presiding Judge of Cameron County Court at Law No. 2. In 1987 Governor Mark White appointed Judge Hinojosa to the 107th District Court where he served until he was elected Justice of the 13th Court of Appeals, serving the 20 South Texas counties from the Rio Grande Valley to Nueces and Matagorda counties. Governor Ann Richards appointed Judge Hinojosa to the Texas Board of Criminal Justice, where he helped oversee the Texas prison and parole system. During the time of his service, the Texas Board of Criminal Justice, inspired by the leadership of Governor Ann Richards, developed the first of its kind substance abuse program for prison facilities, designed to treat offenders with substance abuse problems.
After completing his term on the 13th Court of Appeals, Judge Hinojosa was elected Cameron County judge, a position he served in for 12 years. As Cameron County Judge, Judge Hinojosa transformed county government in Cameron County to make it one of the most effective and efficient in the State of Texas. During his tenure as county judge, he managed a $110 million dollar budget (100 times larger than the budget of the Texas Democratic Party). He left Cameron County with an A+ bond rating, one of the lowest tax rates for a county in the State of Texas and the lowest rate for the region including and south of San Antonio. In 2007 Judge Hinojosa was elected Cameron County Democratic Party Chair, where he continues to serve. In 2008 he was elected to the Democratic National Committee and in 2009 Chairman Tim Kaine appointed him to the Executive Committee of the Democratic National Committee. At the time of his appointment, Gilberto was only one of two Latinos appointed.
Gilberto Hinojosa practices law in Brownsville, Texas.
Gilberto is married to Cyndi, who is a Licensed Professional Counselor. He has five wonderful children: Gina, Xochitl, Miguel, Diego and Maya and one grandson – "TGM" (The Great Matteo) and one son in law John P. Donisi.


text:
A MAN needed to have the end of his penis amputated after doctors spotted that it was rotting away during a routine check-up.
The 43-year-old patient, who hasn't been named, was having dialysis treatment for kidney failure at a hospital near Adelaide, South Australia.
But during his examination, medics noticed that the end of his penis had turned white with black spots.
Surgeons quickly realised that it was gangrenous and the dead flesh needed to be sliced off urgently to prevent it from spreading.
Writing in an article, published in BMJ Case Reports, medics explained that the man had developed a rare disease called penile calciphylaxis.
It's a build up of calcium deposits in the small blood vessels, causing them to narrow and cut off circulation.
This can lead to the tissue dying and if it's not caught quickly, it can cause gangrene which can spread quickly and is incurable.
Calciphylaxis can be caused by chronic kidney disease because the organs stop filtering the calcium out of the blood.
Lucky to be alive
In this case, the medics, led by Dr Rowan David, said that the man was lucky to have survived the condition, which kills around six in 10 patients.
He wrote: "The majority of patients who develop penile calciphylaxis progress to gangrene and sepsis".
The patient was taken for an emergency operation to remove the rotting flesh but his wound got worse and he needed further surgery to remove the entire tip.
They managed to reconstruct it with a skin graft four days later but he was left with what they described as a "penile stump".
Despite his ordeal, the man appeared to be doing well when he returned for his two-month check-up.
What is calciphylaxis?
Calciphylaxis is a rare, but serious, kidney complication.
The condition causes calcium to build up inside the blood vessels of the fat and skin.
Calciphylaxis is also called calcific uremic arteriolopathy.
It's most often seen in people with advanced chronic kidney disease, or people with kidney failure who are on dialysis or have had a kidney transplant.
In dialysis, a machine filters and purifies the blood because the kidneys are unable to do so on their own.
Calciphylaxis results in the formation of very painful skin lesions. It often causes serious infections that can be fatal.
Symptoms of calciphylaxis include:
- body aches
If you have any concerns, see a GP immediately.
MORE ON HEALTH
However a year after the operation he was back for more emergency surgery - this time for a perforated bowel.
Medics said this was as a result of calciphylaxis developing in other parts of his body, including his large intestine.
They wrote: "The patient remains alive at his last follow-up over a year following his initial diagnosis of penile calciphylaxis."


text:
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Implosion can refer to:
- Implosion (mechanical process)
- Implosion (novel), by D. F. Jones
- Building implosion
- Implosion-type nuclear weapon
- In phonetics, an airstream mechanism associated with implosive consonants
- Gravitational collapse (and more specifically, core collapse) in cosmology (see also: Type II supernova)
- Parabolic implosion in complex dynamics
- Implosions, album by Stephan Micus
|This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Implosion.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.


text:
- Incubation: 18-20 days
- Clutch Size: 4 eggs
- Young Fledge: 16-21 days after hatching
- Typical Foods: insects, aquatic invertebrates and seeds
Female red phalaropes are stunning -- they are a rich chestnut color with a dark crown and white face. However, virtually all Ohio birds are in drab non-breeding plumage.
Habitat and Habits
This species prefers the open waters of Lake Erie. It is most typically found along stone jetties and breakwalls in sheltered harbors. The flight call is similar to that of the red-necked phalarope, but generally higher pitched.
Reproduction and Care of the Young
Breeding takes place in Alaska and northern Canada. Nests are hollows in the ground of marshy tundra. The male raises the young.


text:
Core Self-Evaluations and the Hierarchical Model of Approach/Avoidance Motivation
MetadataShow full item record
In the current dissertation I examined the relation between a new personality trait, core self-evaluations (CSE), and job performance, using the hierarchical model of approach and avoidance motivation as a theoretical framework. The hierarchical model of approach and avoidance motivation proposes that the effects of distal personality traits on performance outcomes are mediated through mid-range approach and avoidance motivational mechanisms. However, some controversy exists surrounding whether CSE is best conceptualized as an antecedent of approach or avoidance motivation. As such, prior to examining the CSE-performance relation, I examined whether CSE is best conceptualized as an indicator of approach or avoidance temperament. In Study 1, using confirmatory factor analysis, I demonstrated that mean CSE scores loaded more strongly on a latent avoidance temperament factor than on a latent approach temperament factor. Study 2 provided further evidence for the avoidance nature of CSE by examining the relation between CSE and a motivational construct: achievement goal orientations. In particular, using structural equation modeling, CSE was negatively related to performance-approach, performance-avoid, and mastery-avoid achievement goal orientations, and unrelated to a mastery-approach goal orientation. Such a pattern of results is consistent with the relation between achievement goal orientations and other indicators of avoidance temperament. Having demonstrated that CSE is best conceptualized as an indicator of avoidance temperament, in Study 3 I used the hierarchical model of approach and avoidance motivation as a framework for examining the relation between CSE and job performance. The results indicated that the effect of CSE on job performance was mediated through avoidance, but not approach, goals. The results of the three studies are discussed in terms of their implications for the conceptualization of CSE. As well, the application of the hierarchical model of approach and avoidance motivation framework to organizational behavior is discussed.
Cite this work
Douglas Lance Ferris (2008). Core Self-Evaluations and the Hierarchical Model of Approach/Avoidance Motivation. UWSpace. _URL_


General Information
History of The Court
Monterey County Courthouse Completed 1878
The military and social capital of Alta California during Spanish and Mexican rule, the town of Monterey naturally became the county seat when the 27 original counties were formed in, 1850. But when it was learned that the railroad was to go through the valley and not along the coast, the government center was moved to Salinas. After the house used as a courthouse burned, this much larger brick Victorian building was commissioned. The courthouse remained in use while the current one was being constructed around it, and then was demolished. Today a courtyard, lily pond, and commemorative sculpture occupy the site.
Tour historic courthouses for all 58 California counties at


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Muscle-powered sound synthesis (Workshop)
In this workshop, we convert hand-crank flashlights to off-grid sound machines.
Electric energy served via the power grid is almost exclusively generated through large rotating magnets for immediate consumption. The seclusion of those colossal generators from us, their energy consumers, creates a deceptive gap in our perception. Their absence in the lived-in world counteracts an intuitive understanding of the scale of physical work needed to power a city. A felt awareness of what is necessary to heat an oven compared to energizing a lamp or powering a sound system is lost to the perceived infinite supply of energy through the fantastic power socket.
We can regain a felt awareness of the scales of electric power systems through the physical experience of rotating a generator using our musculature pushing trillions of electrons. The beads of sweat on our foreheads dancing to the generated sounds will reflect the results of our endeavor with immediacy.
Using second-hand electric torches and scrapped electronics we will build a hurdy-gurdy synthesizer. Unlike with most electronic devices, the electric energy consumed by our synthesizer will be handmade. The movement of our body directly translates to the voltage the synthesizer receives, enabling the musician to explore soundscapes at the fringe of a working circuit. The built objects will be sonic memorials to the infrastructures of electric power.
Open for any level of experience in soldering, electronics, and synthesizers.
Partcipants are invited to take part to the collaborative performance during the
AMRO Nightly Builds in Raumschiff.
Material cost: 10€


text:
Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations - Wildfire Management Branch
Fire-Fighting Aircraft FAQ
What types of aircraft are used in wildfire suppression?
The answer is found on the following pages:
What is the material dropped by aircraft at a fire?
The answer is found on the following page:
What is the difference between an air tanker and a water bomber?
Air tankers are land-based aircraft which leave the base with a load of fire retardant and must return to the base for additional loads. Water bombers are amphibious aircraft that skim over large water bodies and scoop up water which is then dropped on the fire. The B.C. Forest Service uses air tankers almost exclusively.
All air tankers have basically the same function on a fire, however, some will have more carrying capacity than others.


text: Telescope Array (TA) is the largest ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray (UHECR) observatory in the Northern Hemisphere. It is dedicated to detect extensive air showers (EAS) in hybrid mode, both by measuring the shower's longitudinal profile with fluorescence telescopes and their particle footprint on the ground from the surface detector (SD) array. While fluorescence telescopes are can measure the most composition-sensitive characteristic of EAS, the depth of the shower maximum (Xmax), they also have the drawback of small duty cycle. This work aims to study the UHECR composition based solely on the surface detector data. For this task, a set of composition-sensitive observables obtained from the SD data is used in a machine-learning method – the Boosted Decision Tree. We will present the results of the UHECR mass composition based on the 12-year data from the TA SD using this technique, and we will discuss of the possible systematics imposed by the hadronic interaction models.


2月 132019
When you use maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) to find the parameter estimates in a generalized linear regression model, the Hessian matrix at the optimal solution is very important. The Hessian matrix indicates the local shape of the log-likelihood surface near the optimal value. You can use the Hessian to estimate the covariance matrix of the parameters, which in turn is used to obtain estimates of the standard errors of the parameter estimates. Sometimes SAS programmers ask how they can obtain the Hessian matrix at the optimal solution. This article describes three ways:
 - For some SAS regression procedures, you can store the model and use the SHOW HESSIAN statement in PROC PLM to display the Hessian.
 - Some regression procedures support the COVB option ("covariance of the betas") on the MODEL statement. You can compute the Hessian as the inverse of that covariance matrix.
 - The NLMIXED procedure can solve general regression problems by using MLE. You can use the HESS option on the PROC NLMIXED statement to display the Hessian.
The next section discusses the relationship between the Hessian and the estimate of the covariance of the regression parameters. Briefly, they are inverses of each other. You can download the complete SAS program for this blog post.
Hessians, covariance matrices, and log-likelihood functions
The Hessian at the optimal MLE value is related to the covariance of the parameters. The literature that discusses this fact can be confusing because the objective function in MLE can be defined in two ways. You can maximize the log-likelihood function, or you can minimize the NEGATIVE log-likelihood.
In statistics, the inverse matrix is related to the covariance matrix of the parameters. A full-rank covariance matrix is always positive definite. If you maximize the log-likelihood, then the Hessian and its inverse are both negative definite. Therefore, statistical software often minimizes the negative log-likelihood function. Then the Hessian at the minimum is positive definite and so is its inverse, which is an estimate of the covariance matrix of the parameters. Unfortunately, not every reference uses this convention.
For details about the MLE process and how the Hessian at the solution relates to the covariance of the parameters, see the PROC GENMOD documentation. For a more theoretical treatment and some MLE examples, see the Iowa State course notes for Statistics 580.
Use PROC PLM to obtain the Hessian
I previously discussed how to use the STORE statement to save a generalized linear model to an item store, and how to use PROC PLM to display information about the model. Some procedures, such as PROC LOGISTIC, save the Hessian in the item store. For these procedures, you can use the SHOW HESSIAN statement to display the Hessian. The following call to PROC PLM continues the PROC LOGISTIC example from the previous post. (Download the example.) The call displays the Hessian matrix at the optimal value of the log-likelihood. It also saves the "covariance of the betas" matrix in a SAS data set, which is used in the next section.
/* PROC PLM provides the Hessian matrix evaluated at the optimal MLE */
proc plm restore=PainModel;
 show Hessian CovB;
 ods output Cov=CovB;
Not every SAS procedure stores the Hessian matrix when you use the STORE statement. If you request a statistic from PROC PLM that is not available, you will get a message such as the following: NOTE: The item store WORK.MYMODEL does not contain a Hessian matrix. The option in the SHOW statement is ignored.
Use the COVB option in a regression procedure
Many SAS regression procedures support the COVB option on the MODEL statement. As indicated in the previous section, you can use the SHOW COVB statement in PROC PLM to display the covariance matrix. A full-rank covariance matrix is positive definite, so the inverse matrix will also be positive definite. Therefore, the inverse matrix represents the Hessian at the minimum of the NEGATIVE log-likelihood function. The following SAS/IML program reads in the covariance matrix and uses the INV function to compute the Hessian matrix for the logistic regression model:
proc iml;
use CovB nobs p; /* open data; read number of obs (p) */
 cols = "Col1":("Col"+strip(char(p))); /* variable names are Col1 - Colp */
 read all var cols into Cov; /* read COVB matrix */
 read all var "Parameter"; /* read names of parameters */
Hessian = inv(Cov); /* Hessian and covariance matrices are inverses */
print Hessian[r=Parameter c=Cols F=BestD8.4];
You can see that the inverse of the COVB matrix is the same matrix that was displayed by using SHOW HESSIAN in PROC PLM. Be aware that the parameter estimates and the covariance matrix depend on the parameterization of the classification variables. The LOGISTIC procedure uses the EFFECT parameterization by default. However, if you instead use the REFERENCE parameterization, you will get different results. If you use a singular parameterization, such as the GLM parameterization, some rows and columns of the covariance matrix will contain missing values.
Define your own log-likelihood function
SAS provides procedures for solving common generalized linear regression models, but you might need to use MLE to solve a nonlinear regression model. You can use the NLMIXED procedure to define and solve general maximum likelihood problems. The PROC NLMIXED statement supports the HESS and COV options, which display the Hessian and covariance of the parameters, respectively.
To illustrate how you can get the covariance and Hessian matrices from PROC NLMIXED, let's define a logistic model and see if we get results that are similar to PROC LOGISTIC. We shouldn't expect to get exactly the same values unless we use exactly the same optimization method, convergence options, and initial guesses for the parameters. But if the model fits the data well, we expect that the NLMIXED solution will be close to the LOGISTIC solution.
The NLMIXED procedure does not support a CLASS statement, but you can use another SAS procedure to generate the design matrix for the desired parameterization. The following program uses the OUTDESIGN= option in PROC LOGISTIC to generate the design matrix. Because PROC NLMIXED requires a numerical response variable, a simple data step encodes the response variable into a binary numeric variable. The call to PROC NLMIXED then defines the logistic regression model in terms of a binary log-likelihood function:
/* output design matrix and EFFECT parameterization */
proc logistic data=Neuralgia outdesign=Design outdesignonly;
 class Pain Sex Treatment;
 model Pain(Event='Yes')= Sex Age Duration Treatment; /* use NOFIT option for design only */
/* PROC NLMIXED required a numeric response */
data Design;
 set Design;
 PainY = (Pain='Yes');
ods exclude IterHistory;
proc nlmixed data=Design COV HESS;
 parms b0 -18 bSexF bAge bDuration bTreatmentA bTreatmentB 0;
 eta = b0 + bSexF*SexF + bAge*Age + bDuration*Duration +
 bTreatmentA*TreatmentA + bTreatmentB*TreatmentB;
 p = logistic(eta); /* or 1-p to predict the other category */
 model PainY ~ binary(p);
Success! The parameter estimates and the Hessian matrix are very close to those that are computed by PROC LOGISTIC. The covariance matrix of the parameters, which requires taking an inverse of the Hessian matrix, is also close, although there are small differences from the LOGISTIC output.
In summary, this article shows three ways to obtain the Hessian matrix at the optimum for an MLE estimate of a regression model. For some SAS procedures, you can store the model and use PROC PLM to obtain the Hessian. For procedures that support the COVB option, you can use PROC IML to invert the covariance matrix. Finally, if you can define the log-likelihood equation, you can use PROC NLMIXED to solve for the regression estimates and output the Hessian at the MLE solution.
The post 3 ways to obtain the Hessian at the MLE solution for a regression model appeared first on The DO Loop.
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text:
A Perl script to convert a text file to Multiterm XML
Added: 12 June 2008, last updated: July 17, 2008
I've often read in forums and mailing lists about people having problems with importing a glossary into Multiterm. Most of the time you need a bilingual glossary from which you can insert terms into Word, TagEditor or SDL Edit.
A few years ago I had the same problem and it was then that I developed a Perl script to convert a tab-delimited text file into an XML file compatible with Multiterm's bilingual glossary template. Unfortunately this script ran only inside Notetab Pro, which can execute external scripts and grab their output.
Now I learned how to handle encoding conversions in Perl and I made a standalone version of the script, which can be downloaded here. Actually two scripts, one for English – Polish, and the other for Polish – English glossaries.
Before you use the script, you will have to edit it once to adapt it to your language pair. The script may be made smarter in the future, but for now it does its job well, once you edit the language settings.
When you open the script with a plain text editor (one that can edit/save UTF-8 encoded files), disable wrapping of long lines and go to line 31 which looks like this:
Change English (United States) and EN-US to the correct settings for your source language.
Go to line 45 of the script and repeat this step for the target language.
You can check the correct language names and codes in step 3 of 5 of Multiterm's Termbase Creation Wizard.
Make sure that you do not delete the quotation marks around the language name and language code, nor the forward slash at the end of the tag.
Save the script. You can use the Save As command and rename the script from MTENUSPL.pl to something that represents your source and target language. Keep the pl extension. It stands for "perl" not "Polish". ;-)
To run the script, you need:
- Perl. You can get Perl for Windows as a free download from _URL_
- A tab-delimited file with your glossary, saved in the UTF-8 encoding. You can save a tab delimited file with this encoding in Word, OpenOffice Writer, UltraEdit, NoteTab Pro, PSPad etc. I can't make the script guess the encoding of the source file, so it must be in UTF-8. Also, if your tab-delimited file contains any of these characters: <, >, &, replace them as follows:
- replace < with <
- replace > with >
- replace & with &
If you leave these characters without any changes, they will break the import into Multiterm.
To run the script, copy it where your tab-delimited file is.
Open the command line (Start key+R, type cmd, press Enter). Change the directory to where the script and the tab-delimited file are.
Type the following command:
perl MTENUSPL.pl sourcefile.txt
and press Enter. If the source file is "well formed", the script will process it and create a sourcefile.txt.xml file. This file can be imported into a Multiterm termbase based on the bilingual glossary template.
You can download the two scripts in a zipped file here. For feedback about the scripts please use this form, or contact me through the cat_conv yahoogroup.
When you have successfully created your xml glossary file, you can import it into Multiterm. This short tutorial explains how to do it.
December 24, 2008:
Added the Multiterm Termbase Setup and Import Tutorial.
July 17, 2008:
- The actual user name is inserted, based on the current logged-on user name, "Piotr" was hardcoded before;
- Current date and time is inserted instead of a hardcoded date in the earlier version;
- Fixed an error in the numbering of "concept" elements, all concept elements were numbered as 1, now they are numbered sequentially.


7.1. Memory resources
There is about 66KB of internal RAM in the targeted Cyclone III FPGA on the Cyclone III Starter Board. There is 1MB of external SSRAM, 16MB of external FLASH, and 32MB of DDR SDRAM.
Note
SDRAM is beyond the scope of this document, but is mentioned because some specialized designs might require this resource.
The ITCM and DTCM tightly coupled memories in the processor can be configured individually to use varying amounts of the internal RAM resource from 0 to about 95%. In the example design, there is 32KB of instruction memory, and 16KB of data read/write memory. This is generally sufficient for small programs.
If more memory is required for Cortex-M1 instructions or code, the following applies:
If more memory is required for Cortex-M1 read/write data, the following applies:
Copyright © 2008 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.ARM DUI 0430A
Non-Confidential


text: Tweleve ponds on the McMurdo Ice Shelf were sampled to create and annual data set of water nutrient chemistry (DRP, NH4-N, NO3-N, TDN, TDP), pH, conductivity, temperature, phytoplankton chlorophyll a, and particulate N: P. Biological parameters collected include benthic algal chlorophyll a and ash-free dry weight, benthic microbial biomass, pigment and species composition. Species composition and... dominance within the microbial mats varies from pond to pond. Photosynthetic and nitrogen fixation rates of benthic algae were determined from several ponds with contrasting physio-chemical properties. Samples were collected from ponds for algal species determination and microbial mat samples were collected and preserved for community spatial structure (i.e. position of each species within the microbial matrix). The annual 12-pond dataset has been operating since January 1988 and is one of the longest-running environmental datasets in Antarctica.


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Things to consider when buying a Wav - Chair Measurements
How to Measure your Wheelchair for a perfect fit in your New Wav
Ensuring a proper fit between a wheelchair and a wheelchair accessible vehicle is crucial for the comfort and safety when considering your next WAV. In this guide from Jubilee Automotive Group, we will walk you through the steps on how to measure a wheelchair for a wheelchair accessible vehicle.
 1. Measure the Width:
 The first step is to measure the width of your wheelchair. To measure the width accurately, use a tape measure to determine the widest part of the wheelchair, typically across the armrests.
 2. Measure the Height:
 Measure the height of the wheelchair occupant from the floor to the top of their head. This ensures there is enough headroom within the vehicle. Consider any additional cushions or accessories that may affect the overall height.
 3. Measure the Length:
 Determine the length of the wheelchair by measuring from the back of the wheelchair to the front, including any footrests or leg supports.
 4. Evaluate Interior Space:
 Consider the interior layout of the accessible vehicle you are looking to purchase, including the access points, ramps, and the area where the wheelchair will be secured. Ensure that there is sufficient space for the wheelchair to maneuver and for passengers to travel comfortably.
 5. Consult with Professionals:
 When in doubt it's advisable to consult with professionals who specialize in disabled vehicle solutions. At Jubilee our team have previously won customer service awards from AutoTrader and have access to the UK's largest selection of New and Used Wheelchair accessible vehicles. As a result we are able to provide expert guidance on all different types of new and used Wavs and may even be able to offer customised solutions to suit specific adapted vehicle needs.

 At Jubilee Mobility our vehicle adverts come with access dimensions to help you find the right vehicle to suit your requirements. Our friendly Mobility advisors are always on hand to help with no pressure advice and can be contacted on 0121 _PHONE_

More Helpful Tips and Guidance can be found at Wav buying help
Back to Wav News


text:
To address the problems of the indoor air quality deterioration and energy consumption, this study proposed the multi-function window combined with a ventilation system and solar photovoltaic blind. In this study, multi-objective optimization for determining the optimal design of the multi-function window was conducted along with nonlinearity analysis. The main findings can be summarized as follows. First, from the technical-environmental performance's perspective, the amount of solar radiation and wind volume entering the room were found to be key factors causing nonlinearity. In particular, the total energy consumption and indoor CO2 concentration decreased whereas the predicted percentage dissatisfied deteriorated with the increasing the size of the window ventilation system. Second, from the economic performance's perspective, the absolute and relative investment values showed nonlinear relationships with the amount of electricity generated and the total energy consumption. Especially, as the window ventilation system size increased, the absolute investment value decreased due to the reduced amount of electricity generated, and the relative investment value decreased except when the energy supply was larger than the energy demand. Finally, the window ventilation system size was most suitable when it was 3–5% of the multi-function window's size according to the orientation, from a holistic view of the technical-environmental-economic performance.
Bibliographical noteFunding Information:
This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2018R1A5A1025137 ).
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Environmental Engineering
- Civil and Structural Engineering
- Geography, Planning and Development
- Building and Construction


text:
First occurrence of Dissakisite-(Ce) and Jamborite in New York (12.01.12)
Dissakisite-(Ce) - Ca(Ce,REE)(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)2Si3O12(OH) - the magnesium analogue of the more common allanite (Ce), was found in a specimen from the Henry Rudy Farm, in Orange County. It occurs as millimeter-size pink crystals associated with chondrodite, spinel, and phlogopite in marble (Franklin Marble). To our knowledge, this is the first reported occurrence of this mineral in North America.
Jamborite, (Ni2+Ni3+Co, Fe)(OH)2(OH,S,H2O), was found in a specimen from Antwerp, Jefferson County. It occurs as green sub millimeter-size crystals in a cavity in quartz. This is the third occurrence of this mineral in the USA.


Đorđe Relić Đorđe Relić - 1 year ago 66
C++ Question
Why do we use pointers for complex classes when defining union in parser file?
I'm working on a parser for RDDL and, as I've done it before, when I define union which contains types I use, I use pointers. E.g.
%union {
double d;
int i;
std::string *str;
std::vector<std::string> *vectorStr;
RDDLBlock *rddlBlock;
Domain *domain;
DefineType *defineType;
std::vector<DefineType*> *vectorDefineType;
DomainList *domainList;
std::vector<PvarDefinition*> *vectorPvarDefinition;
PvarDefinition *pVarDefinition;
CpfDefinition *cpfDefinition;
std::vector<CpfDefinition*> *vectorCpfDefinition;
PvarExpression *pVarExpression;
LogicalExpression *logicalExpression;
std::vector<LogicalExpression*> *vectorLogicalExpression;
LConstCaseList *lConstCaseList;
CaseDefine *caseDefine;
std::vector<CaseDefine*> *vectorCaseList;
Parameter *parameter;
ParameterList *parameterList;
ObjectDefine *objectDefine;
std::vector<ObjectDefine*> *objectsList;
PvariablesInstanceDefine* pvariablesInstanceDefine;
std::vector<PvariablesInstanceDefine*> *pvariablesInstanceList;
Instance *instance;
NonFluentBlock *nonFluentBlock;
}
This is the way I saw most people implement multiple token types in parsers. While searching for this answer on the web, all I saw are the examples and no explanation on why we have to use pointers. One of my tasks now is to 'clean pointers' where ever that is possible. So my question is, why do we (have to) use pointers in unions in this case?
EDIT: Added full list of types defined in union.
Answer Source
You don't have to use pointers. As you can see, neither double nor int are pointers.
As to "why do we use" part then, we should remember some properties of union.
 1. sizeof union_t must be at least as big as the biggest member. So you don't want union with a single word int and some 1KB class by value. And pointer almost always have fixed small size.
 2. In C++ world, many classes (for your example, std::string and std::vector) have non-trivial copy constructors and destructors. For such classes, it is unsafe to put them in union (standard forbids it, as far as I know, but some compilers allow).


text:
Traditional demand planning relies mostly on transactional data, creating latency between customer needs and supplier reactions. So understanding demand and updating supply in a fast-changing environment means incorporating new data sources.
Social listening is now used by marketing departments to assess how their brand is perceived and their marketing campaigns are being received. We have developed an offering that brings this power of social listening to the supply chain team, correlating social sentiment with demand signals. A stochastic (probabilistic) demand planning system with embedded machine learning uses this data to improve demand forecasting.
These enhanced forecasting models can be especially helpful for new product introduction and promotions forecasting. For instance, we leverage a system called "Groover" that listens to social channels and gauges consumer sentiment to enhance supply chain planning. Groover uses natural language processing (a subset of artificial intelligence) to interprets the social communication, focusing on whether the sentiment is positive or negative. It can then look at the network impact, reach and location, producing a social index that can adjust future demand to account for current trends in the social network.