Export Outlook Contacts to CSV With/Without Outlook Installation?
Adiya | August 18th, 2020 | Mac Outlook, Outlook
Summary: In this article, we'll show you how to export Outlook contacts to CSV file with/without Outlook installation. There are two methods to do that, either you can try manual methods or you can use a professional solution to accomplish the task in a hassle-free manner.
CSV (comma-separated values) file is a text file that stores data in a tabular form. It is a special type of file that you can create or edit in Excel. Instead of storing data in columns, a CSV file stores data separated by commas.
It may happen sometimes that you need to save your Outlook contacts as a CSV file, and there might be any reason for that. When text and numbers are saved in a CSV file, then it can be easily moved from one program to another.
Whether you are migrating to another email client or making a regular backup of your Outlook data, it is crucial to export all contact details to a CSV file without any data loss. Here we have mentioned both the manual and automated solutions to export Outlook contacts to CSV file, if you have Microsoft Outlook installed in your system then you can go with the manual solution. If you want to extract Outlook contacts from PST into CSV file without using Outlook Application then you can go with the automated solution.
How to Export Outlook Contacts to CSV?
Method 1. Convert Contacts Using MS Outlook
Microsoft Outlook provides a special wizard that makes exporting contacts list to CSV files easy and fast. In just a few clicks, you will have your Outlook contacts in a .csv format.
To export Outlook contacts to CSV, follow these simple steps:
1: Launch Microsoft Outlook on your system and click on the File menu.
launch-outlook
2: Click on Open & Export and then Import/Export.
import-export-wizard
3: Select Export to a file and click on the Next.
export-to-a-file
4: Select Comma Separated Values and click on the Next.
choose-csv
5: Choose the contacts folder from the list and click on the Next.
choose-contact-folder
6: Browse the location to save the output CSV file and click on the Next button.
save-csv
7: After applying all settings finally hit the Finish button to start the conversion process.
export-outlook-to-csv
Done, this is how you can export your Outlook Contacts list to CSV format using Outlook Application.
Limitations of the Manual Method:
Although exporting Outlook contacts with the Import/Export wizard is fast and easy, but this method is come up with some drawbacks:
 - It allows exporting many fields to CSV files, but not all of them.
 - Filtering and re-arranging the mapped fields is a time-consuming and cumbersome task.
 - Require technical expertise and granular knowledge.
 - Sometimes freeze and crash the application that leads to file corruption or data loss.
Method 2. Export Outlook Contacts to CSV without Outlook
There are many manual solutions available for exporting Outlook contacts to CSV file. But to transfer contacts from PST file without Outlook, no manual process is available. If you want to export Outlook contacts in CSV file format without Outlook installation, using the vCard Export is the most suitable option. This marvelous program provides an option to add multiple PST files individually or to add the folder containing all the PST files at once into the software for a fast conversion.
To start with the export process there are no additional or specific requirements, but you need to make sure that the file is not open with any other program before opening it with Software and have some contacts in it.
Also Read: How to Export Outlook Contacts to Single vCard? – Guide
Steps to Export Outlook Contacts to CSV-
Follow these steps to export contacts from Outlook PST file to CSV.
1: Download and Run the software and click on the "Add File" option to add PST contacts file into the software.
Free Download Purchase Now
download-software
2: Check either the File or Folder option to add files and click on the browse button to select the PST contacts file. Select the File option if you have a single PST file. Select the Folder option if you have several PST files in a folder.
add-pst-file
\
3: Click on the Export button to export Outlook contacts.
preview-pst-contacts
4: Now, from the Export option select the CSV option & browse the destination location to the save resultant CSV file.
browse-destination
5: Finally, click on the Export button and all the contacts will get converted into CSV file.
convert-contacts-to-csv
Voila, you've successfully exported all contacts of Outlook to CSV file.
To make sure that all your contacts have been successfully transferred to CSV file, open the newly created CSV file in Excel or any other program that supports .csv format.
Note: You can also extract contacts from OST using the same tool. This is an advanced utility that allows you to extract contacts from both PST and OST data files.
The Closing Words:
This blog will deal with the eternal and supposedly unanswerable question- How to export Outlook contacts to CSV file with/without Outlook installation?
In the above write up we have explained both manual and automated solutions to perform this conversion task. You can use the manual solution if you have Outlook installed in your system but it consists of some limitations. So, the best approach for the conversion is, by using the professional utility. You only need to load the .pst file into the software and the process will be completed within few clicks. It is a reliable application and offers 100% user-desired results and also maintains the formatting of contacts during the process.


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ChiPChildren's rights to health, protection, promotion and participation
Mental health and participation in habilitation of children and youth with disabilities – a research program (PMH)
The research program is expected to lead to increased knowledge about the longitudinal relations between participatio and mental health problems for children who are usually excluded from studies of mental health in children and youth.
Project manager at MDH
Mental health and participation in life situations are universal aspects of functioning. Mental health problems and participation restrictions are relatively often reported for children with disabilities. An over-representation of health problems for these children is reported in abQ, a habilitation register aimed at improving services. No information on mental health, participation or about how mental health is affected by habilitation services is provided in the register. If adapted data collection methods, e.g i-pad adaptations using gamification techniques, are used also the children themselves can provide information about their mental health and participation.
The program will investigate relations between participation and factors affecting participation with a focus on mental health and services provided to children with disabilities who have mental health problems. Children will be followed longitudinally for 5 years where researchers collect information prospectively and relate that to data retrieved from the HabQ register. Children, parents and professionals collaborate, for 5 years, to develop and evaluate methods for involving children and parents in the intervention process. The program will provide information about how participation and mental health problems are related and about child and parent involvement in interventions. The information can facilitate further develop support to children with disabilities who have mental health problems.
The program has four sub-aims:
(i) To investigate the longitudinal interrelationship between the two dimensions of participation – attendance and involvement in a life situation and mental health – in order to identify aspects of the two participation dimensions that can be addressed through interventions separately or in conjunction to improve mental health;
(ii) To investigate the common natural pathways of participation, mental health and factors related to these pathways in children and adolescents (4-18 years of age) with impairments or long-term health conditions. The intent is to identify or verify factors that can be targeted for intervention – in order to enhance participation and mental health.
(iii) To investigate how children and parents participate in the different steps of the intervention process (defining problem, explaining problem by assessment, setting goals, planning intervention, evaluating effects) – in order to identify aspects of the process that can be targeted for intervention
(iv) To develop and evaluate accessible interventions aimed at increasing child and family participation in the intervention process.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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It is very important to automobile manufacturers to ensure a high visual impression of quality for cars. This includes a faultless exterior as well as an impeccable interior. During production, however, it is not always possible to visually detect all discrepancies. Evaluating such discrepancies is often subjective. INB Vision AG, a company of the Micro-Epsilon group, designed the surfaceCONTROL measuring system for defect recognition of automotive interior parts.
This system uses structured light projection. With its measuring area the size of an A3 paper (approx. 300x400mm), surfaceCONTROL captures the surface and computes the 3D data within just a few seconds. Even shape deviations of a few 10µm on textured cockpit surfaces, for example near airbag seams, are recognized and evaluated. A number of evaluation procedures are available, depending on the nature of the shape deviation being investigated: these may include calculating a flawless virtual cover or using a digital whetstone, much like a whetstone in the press shop. These procedures provide alternatives to the manual defect detection customary in the trade, and they ensure reproducible and objective evaluations of discrepancies.
Visit INB-VISION Website


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Birds are more like us than we realize. They eavesdrop on their neighbors in order to figure out where to build their nests and once, their eggs hatch, they sometime engage in "chick abuse," the bird equivalent of child abuse. And just like humans, birds that were abused THEMSELVES are more likely to abuse their offspring!
For one species of seabird in the Galápagos-- Nazca boobies--the child abuse "cycle of violence" found in humans plays out in the wild. This is the first evidence from the animal world showing those who are abused when they are young often grow up to be abusers. Among the ocean-going seabirds live in colonies in the Galapagos Islands off the coast of Ecuador, victimization by adults on other birds' chicks is widespread. They raise solitary nestlings on the ground and frequently leave their offspring unattended while foraging at sea, so there is much opportunity for adult birds to bully and beat up neighbor nestlings.
Biologist Dave Anderson says, "A bird's history as a target of abuse proved to be a strong predictor of its adult behavior." Traumatic abuse of developing young significantly increases the chances those maltreated individuals will exhibit the same maltreatment later in life as adults.
Anne and Whitley have taken a lot of abuse over the years, but we're still here. We hope to be around tomorrow too, but that can only happen with YOUR support, so please: Subscribe today!

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Steel Cost Modelling Notes
The Steel Costing Model
The cost model shown above is prepared only to shown how liquid steel cost can be calculated through a simple cost benchmarking type approach. The predicted total costing shown is not meant to represent an actual cost for any real steel company. It is a notional figure only - albeit one that is built on fairly representative current input costing information.Input Costs
Key input costs are taken from the other pages shown on the steelonthenet.com website or estimated by our economists. Recent iron ore and coal prices can be found on our steelmaking costs page. Readers should note that the cost of carbon credits in Japan is well below that in developed countries. For discussion, see Reuters report. Analysis above was prepared in May 2023.The Steel Product
The steel product for which the cost is shown above is a metric tonne of BOF liquid steel. The cost is for a notional producer - a typical size integrated BOF plant, 3m t/yr, at a Japanese coastal site with its own coke and sinter plant, using imported ore and coal purchased at international prices with third party transport. The blast furnace is assumed to have PCI. The steel plant is assumed to make commodity grade carbon steel for flat products with average labour productivity. To prepare cost benchmarks for different locations or for specific producers please contact us (see below). Steel costs for the electric furnace steelmaking process route (EAF steelmaking) may be found on our EAF steelmaking costs page.The Business Environment
Site visitors are advised that all estimates shown should be adjusted to reflect the particular business environment in which the steel plant operates. Thus, electricity charges may be substantially cheaper than usual because the melt shop is run primarily at night (to benefit from cheaper night time tarrifs). Depreciation costs may be higher or lower depending on the age of the electric furnace and transformer. Labour productivity may also be substantially poorer than shown (especially in State owned plants prior to privatisation) etc.Accounting Methods
Actual costing estimates may also differ because of local accounting policies and practices. The figures above for example assume straight line depreciation over a 20 year asset lifetime. The estimates also assume that 25% of labour cost are fixed - whilst in practice, all costs will be variable over the longer term. The model above endeavours to present the economic data on the basis of standard management accounting practices - users of the model should however be clear that the model is likely to require adaptation for different accounting circumstances.
To estimate the impact of a change in any main input (iron ore, coal, coke, other steel raw materials, energy, or labour) on the total, fixed or variable production costs of any steel product (semi-finished; or flat, long, or pipe and tube finished steel products) made through either main production process route (integrated steel manufacturing or electric arc steelmaking), please email economists for assistance.
For earlier data, see 2022 BOF cost model.
Thinking about business restructuring? Are you perhaps on the road to privatisation? We have a lot of experience in metal business turnaround and would be pleased to assist you. Please contact us for a no-obligation discussion.


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Next: 3 Divisors on varieties Up: Algebraic Cycles Previous: 1 Model case of
2 The Grothendieck-Riemann-Roch theorem
Let X be a non-singular variety over k. An algebraic cycle of codimension p is an element of the free Abelian group on irreducible subvarieties of X of codimension p; the group of these cycles is denoted Zp(X). As in the case of curves one can introduce the effective cycles Zp(X)$\scriptstyle \geq$ 0 which is the sub-semigroup of Zp(X) consisting of non-negative linear combinations. There is a subgroup Rp(X) $ \subset$ Zp(X), defined to be the subgroup generated by all the cycles div(f )W where W ranges over irreducible subvarieties of codimension p - 1 in X, and f $ \in$ k(W)*. The quotient $ \CH^{p}_{}$(X) = Zp(X)/Rp(X) is called the Chow group of codimension p cycles on X modulo rational equivalence; if n = dim X then we use the notation $ \CH_{p}^{}$(X) = $ \CH^{n-p}_{}$(X). For p = 1 and X a smooth projective curve the Chow group $ \CH^{1}_{}$(X) is precisely the class group $ \Cl$(X) introduced above.
The generalisation of Schubert calculus on the Grassmannians is the intersection product
$\displaystyle \CH^{p}_{}$(X) $\displaystyle \otimes_{{\Bbb Z}}^{}$ $\displaystyle \CH^{q}_{}$(X)$\displaystyle \to$$\displaystyle \CH^{p+q}_{}$(X)
making $ \CH^{*}_{}$(X) = $ \oplus_{p}^{}$ $ \CH^{p}_{}$(X) into an associative, commutative, graded ring, where $ \CH^{0}_{}$(X) = $ \Bbb$Z, and $ \CH^{p}_{}$(X) = 0 for p > dim X. The Chow ring is thus an algebraic analogue for the even cohomology ring $ \oplus_{i=0}^{n}$ $ \HH^{2i}_{}$(X,$ \Bbb$Z) in topology. A refined version of this analogy is examined in Section 6. In any case we note the following 'cohomology-like' properties.
 1. X $ \mapsto$ $ \oplus_{p}^{}$ $ \CH^{p}_{}$(X) is a contravariant functor from the category of smooth varieties over k to graded rings.
 2. If X is projective and n = dim X, there is a well defined degree homomorphism deg : $ \CH^{n}_{}$(X)$ \to$$ \Bbb$Z given by deg($ \sum_{i}^{}$niPi) = $ \sum_{i}^{}$ni. This allows one to define intersection numbers of cycles of complementary dimension, in a purely algebraic way, which agree with those defined via topology when k = $ \Bbb$C (see item 7 below).
 3. If f : X$ \to$Y is a proper morphism of smooth varieties, there are 'Gysin' maps f* : $ \CH^{p}_{}$(X)$ \to$$ \CH^{p+d}_{}$(Y) for all p, where d = dim Y - dim X; here if p + d < 0, we define f* to be 0; the induced map $ \oplus_{p}^{}$ $ \CH^{p}_{}$(X)$ \to$ $ \oplus_{p}^{}$ $ \CH^{p}_{}$(Y) is $ \oplus_{p}^{}$ $ \CH^{p}_{}$(Y)-linear ('projection formula').
 4. f* : $ \CH^{*}_{}$(X)$ \;\stackrel{\cong}{\to}\;$$ \CH^{*}_{}$(V) for any vector bundle f : V$ \to$X.
 5. If V is a vector bundle (i.e., locally free sheaf) of rank r, then there are Chern classes cp(V) $ \in$ $ \CH^{p}_{}$(X), such that
 1. c0(V) = 1,
 2. cp(V) = 0 for p > r, and
 3. for any exact sequence
 0$\displaystyle \to$V1$\displaystyle \to$V2$\displaystyle \to$V3$\displaystyle \to$ 0
 we have c(V2) = c(V1)c(V3), where c(Ei) = $ \sum_{p}^{}$cp(Vi) are the total Chern classes.
 Moreover, we also have the following property.
 6. If f : $ \Bbb$P(V)$ \to$X is the projective bundle associated to a vector bundle of rank r, $ \CH^{*}_{}$($ \Bbb$P(V)) is a $ \CH^{*}_{}$(X)-algebra generated by $ \xi$ = c1($ \cal {O}$$\scriptstyle \Bbb$P(V)(1)), the first Chern class of the tautological line bundle, which is subject to the relation
 $\displaystyle \xi^{r}_{}$ - c1(V)$\displaystyle \xi^{r-1}_{}$ +... + (- 1)rcn(V) = 0
 7. If k = $ \Bbb$C, there are cycle class homomorphisms $ \CH^{p}_{}$(X)$ \to$$ \HH^{2p}_{}$(X,$ \Bbb$Z) such that the intersection product corresponds to the cup product in cohomology, and for a vector bundle E, the cycle class of cp(E) is the topological p-th Chern class of E.
In analogy with the case of curves we have that c1 : $ \Pic$(X)$ \to$$ \CH^{1}_{}$(X) is an isomorphism. In fact more is true. If K0(X) is the Grothendieck ring of vector bundles on X, the Chern character (defined using Chern classes by the same formula as in topology) gives a ring isomorphism
ch : K0(X) $\displaystyle \otimes$ $\displaystyle \Bbb$Q$\displaystyle \;\stackrel{\cong}{\to}\;$$\displaystyle \CH^{*}_{}$(X) $\displaystyle \otimes$ $\displaystyle \Bbb$Q.
Identifying the group K0(X) with the Grothendieck group G0(X) of coherent sheaves, we may extend the definitions of Chern classes and Chern character to coherent sheaves; now the Grothendieck-Riemann-Roch theorem states that for any proper morphism f : X$ \to$Y, and any coherent sheaf $ \cal {F}$ on X, we have
f*(ch($\displaystyle \cal {F}$)td (X)) = ch(f!$\displaystyle \cal {F}$)td (Y),
where td (X) $ \in$ $ \CH^{*}_{}$(X), td (Y) $ \in$ $ \CH^{*}_{}$(Y) are the Todd classes of the tangent sheaves of X and Y respectively; here f! : G0(X)$ \to$G0(Y) is f!($ \cal {F}$) = $ \sum_{i\geq 0}^{}$(- 1)i[Rif*$ \cal {F}$], and the Todd class of a coherent sheaf is a certain polynomail in its Chern classes. If X is proper over k (e.g., X is projective) of dimension n, and Y is a point, this gives a formula (the Grothendieck-Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch formula)
$\displaystyle \chi$(X,$\displaystyle \cal {F}$) = $\displaystyle \sum_{i\geq
0}^{}$(- 1)idimk$\displaystyle \HH^{i}_{}$(X,$\displaystyle \cal {F}$) = deg$\displaystyle \left(\vphantom{ch({\cal F})td(X)}\right.$ch($\displaystyle \cal {F}$)td (X)$\displaystyle \left.\vphantom{ch({\cal F})td(X)}\right)_{n}^{}$,
where the subscript n means that we compute the degree of the component in $ \CH^{n}_{}$(X). For further details, see [14], Chapter 15.
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Kapil Hari Paranjape 2002-11-21


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Questions for the Angels
Dear Trudy and Barbara,
Here are two questions I have for the angels.
1. Why are people allergic to animals especially cats when we are supposed to love all things? People who are allergic cannot pick up or touch cats, which seem unloving. Can we get rid of this allergy?
2. I know you've spoken about numbers, but what about colors? Within the last week I've had two people tell me their sisters' favorite color was purple and also found out my friend's favorite color is purple. I know when we hear comments repeatedly, especially within such a short time it is suppose to mean something. Is the color purple symbolic for something?
And thank you so much for the newsletters. It's the one communication I get that always uplifts me.
From the Angels:
1. Being a human often has its physical drawbacks. Allergies are such a thing. There are many metaphysical reasons for them. Sometimes they are caused by a past-life memory, a sensitivity, or an imbalance. Whatever it is, loving has nothing to do with it. If you are allergic to something, it doesnít mean you canít love it, it means you canít eat, handle, or surround yourself with the essence of the allergen. Why not try to surround your pet with loving thoughts and ask it why you are allergic to it. That might teach you many things. Also, you can get rid of allergies, if you change your body patterns and how your thoughts relate to that particular problem. (B&T suggest: We suggest you go to the website _URL_ and read about that technique. It has worked for many in our family.)
2. Colors are as interesting as numbers. Find a book on Chakras and what the colors mean for different energy points in your body. Those colors will often coincide with what your favorite color is in some way. Purple is the color of the crown charka and indicates spiritual connection.


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Is Alkaline Water Beneficial To Dogs? Let's Find Out The Truth
Pet owners are always looking for ways to keep their animals healthy and happy, so they're turning to natural sources of nutrition and hydration. Alkaline water is one of these options that has been gaining popularity due to its various health benefits.
Alkaline water is becoming increasingly popular among pet owners who want the best for their furry friends. Not only does it improve their overall health, but it's an affordable option that many people can easily access. In this article, we will discuss some of the essential benefits of giving alkaline water to your pets and how it can improve their quality of life.
Is Alkaline Water Beneficial to Dogs?
Yes, alkaline water can be beneficial to dogs. Alkaline water has a higher pH level than regular tap water, which means it is less acidic and contains more minerals. This type of water can help to neutralize acidity in the body, reduce inflammation, improve digestion, and increase energy levels. Additionally, alkaline water can help to flush out toxins from the body and may even help with skin conditions such as eczema and dermatitis.
Many pet owners are now turning to alkaline water because it can provide numerous health benefits. It's important to note that some breeds of dogs may not tolerate alkaline water as well as others, so it's best to consult your veterinarian before switching your pet's diet to alkaline water.
What Does the Vet Say?
Most veterinarians contend that your cat and dog can immensely benefit from consuming good-quality water, such as alkaline water. Similar to humans, our pets need essential nutrients and animals. There is no better source to absorb essential nutrients, minerals, and antioxidants other than consuming alkaline water.
Since ionized alkaline water comprises a large quantity of much-needed nutrients, you can give it to your furry friends as well while consuming it yourself for a healthier living. The peculiar chemical structure of alkaline water makes it a fast-absorbent solution.
Also, the molecular development of alkaline water is smaller as compared to normal tap water, which assists in a smoother penetration into the body tissues, be it animals or humans. That said, the chemical structure of alkaline water imparts a higher hydration level while eliminating toxins.
The elimination of toxins is as essential for humans as it is for humans, the absence of which can lead to serious health issues. That said, alkaline water can assist your pet dog or pet cat by eliminating all harmful toxins that might have accumulated in their intestines over time.
Reasons to Give Alkaline Water to Your Dog
- Improved Digestion: Alkaline water can help improve your dog's digestion by neutralizing stomach acids and providing essential minerals that are beneficial for digestive health. By drinking alkaline water, your dog can experience improved digestion, resulting in less stomach upset and fewer trips to the vet.
- Reduced Inflammation: Alkaline water has anti-inflammatory properties that can help reduce inflammation in your dog's body. This can benefit dogs with joint pain, arthritis, and other inflammatory conditions.
- Detoxification: Alkaline water can help to flush out toxins that build up in the body over time due to poor diet or environmental factors. By drinking alkaline water, your dog can enjoy improved overall health and vitality.
- Improved Hydration: Alkaline water has a higher pH than regular tap water, which makes it easier for your dog's body to absorb and retain moisture. This can help keep your dog hydrated and feeling energized throughout the day.
- Improved Skin Health: Alkaline water can also help improve skin health in dogs by reducing inflammation, hydrating the skin, and providing essential minerals that are beneficial for skin health.
How Does Alkaline Water Affect Dogs Health?
Alkaline water can be a great addition to your dog's diet. It helps flush out the acidic waste that accumulates in their stomachs, which is especially important for carnivores with highly acidic stomachs to help them digest meat and bones. Alkaline water can also support adequate digestion, so it's best to avoid giving it an hour before or after mealtime.
In addition to aiding digestion, many pet owners claim that alkaline water benefits their pets. These include improved bad breath and smelly poop, shinier coats, better hydration, and more energy. While these claims are anecdotal and not scientifically proven, they may be worth considering if you're looking for ways to improve your dog's health. Ultimately, the decision of whether or not to give your dog alkaline water should be made with the advice of your veterinarian.
How Can I give Alkaline Water to My Dog?
Giving your dog alkaline water is a great way to ensure they get all the benefits of this type of water without any potential risks. The best way to do this is to purchase a water filtration system that can raise the pH level of your tap water. You should select a pet-specific filtration system when choosing a filtration system. This will ensure that your system is effective and safe for your dog.
Once you have installed the filtration system, simply fill up your dog's water bowl with alkaline water and let them drink as much as they like. You may also want to consider adding some electrolytes or minerals into the water, as these can help improve hydration and overall health in dogs. Alkaline water is a great way to ensure your pup gets all the benefits with no risk of potential side effects.
Frequently Asked Questions [FAQs]
1. Is alkaline water good for pets?
Yes, it's good for pets. Alkaline water positively affects pets by helping to neutralize the acid in their bodies. That is why it is not surprising that alkaline water dispensers are now specifically designed for kitties and doggies.
2. What type of water should my pet drink?
Pets should obtain water suitable for their bodies and help them maintain the right health. The most important water requirement for your pet is that the water is clean. You can use bottled water or install a water purifying system at home.
3. What pH level water should dogs drink?
The lowest alkaline pH level recommended for most pets is 8.5, which is the lowest pH level that should be consumed.
4. What alkaline foods are safe for dogs?
These doggo-safe human foods have historically been incorporated into dog diets to promote an alkaline diet free from acidic dangers. Some foods include fruits, vegetables, legumes, potatoes, alfalfa, and apples.
5. What does alkaline water do to cats?
Your cat's skin will be toned and conditioned by alkaline water, which acts as an astringent. Your pet's system can become clogged with acidic waste if you do not use alkaline ionized water.
As a pet owner, you might wonder if you should switch to alkaline water for your dog or cat. After all, it has been proven to be beneficial for humans—what does it have to offer to our furry friends? After reading our article, you now know clearly what you should or shouldn't give your dog alkaline water.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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invariant factors" for finitely generated abelian groups. I'll give another example. For, you can decompose like,
Torsion coefficients (multiply numbers in each column) are 2, 12, 60 where 2|12 and 12|60.
Let, where. You can check that f is a surjective group homomorphism. Now the kernel of f is, the result follows from the first isomorphism theorem.2. Let F be a field.
I realy need your guidance in these ones.
Thanks in advance


Case study: Your startup beta has new requirements—can your codebase handle them?
The Background
A healthcare startup offering an innovative idea for shift assignments with one beta location was looking to roll out to a second location to continue their market validation.
The Need
During their market validation, the startup had uncovered issues within their solution that needed to be resolved. Their original development had started three years before, and the original developers were not in a position to update/upgrade the existing system.
To be able to meet regulatory compliance and functional needs that would allow them to support multiple beta sites and achieve market validation of their product, Softjourn undertook a technical assessment of their existing mobile-first solution.
Doing so would give the client much-needed information about what was immediately necessary to add or fix, and what could be planned for a future update or upgrade.
The Solution
Once Softjourn had access to the code, we proceeded with a technical assessment using the following criteria:
 - Assessment of the core code/database, including:
 - Are versions out of date?
 - Are basic must-have features achievable?
 - What is its current maintainability level?
 - What is the current database structure?
If we found that the current code was capable of supporting must-have features, we then would attempt to answer the following questions:
 - How could the must-have features be added?
 - Are nice-to-have features attainable with the current codebase, without significant modification?
 - Production Environment(s)
 - Apps, any web interface? Located where?
 - Does any test environment exist?
 - System structure:
 - Is the architecture scalable?
 - Review security for immediate obstacles to getting more beta sites; recommended that, if existing codebase is kept, penetration testing is needed (Softjourn performs penetration testing through a partner company)
 - Is the performance capacity sufficient to significantly increase the client base?
The Benefits
Once we completed the technical assessment, our client gained the following benefits:
 - Written assessment of the code.
 - Thorough opinion on the existing state of the application.
 - Our recommendations on next steps.
 - If the current codebase could handle the new requirements, we fully defined the must-have and nice-to-have features in terms of architecture, UI/UX design, and time/cost estimate.
As a result of Softjourn's technical assessment, our client was able to understand what was realistic from a business perspective. They gained a deeper understanding of their existing product, as well as what next steps were absolutely necessary to reach projected milestones and goals. They also gained an understanding of which requirements could wait.
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Possible Duplicate:
How do you do a limit query in HQL
I have a table A of large yet unknown size. I need to retrieve results in batches, i.e. 100 at a time, from the table and perform operations on them. For this, I have a variable m so that I can execute the HQL equivalent of query "SELECT * from A LIMIT m,100" within a loop, which iterates m as 1, 101, 201,... and so on. What shall be the terminating condition of the loop? What is the result when the above query is executed in a condition when m > number of rows in the table?
share|improve this question
marked as duplicate by Conrad Frix, Nambari, tereško, martin clayton, Eitan T Sep 28 '12 at 21:55
3 Answers 3
use select count(*) query first, this will give you total number of records. now you write java code to set limit accordingly. (count/m) int = x= number of full batches and count-x*m = rows for last batch.
share|improve this answer
The issue you have is more known as pagination.
And your problem is how many pages you can retrieve form a table?
You must know the pages count to use pagination.
To set page count, you need to execute pre-query that will have same FROM clause but only SELECT count(*) FROM.... This will give you always correct answer.
If you can not or do not want to use extra statement. Then you should as database for pages until the result is not empty. So you execute statement for page 1, paget 2,... page n until size of result is less then page size.
int pageSize = 100;
int page = 1;
do {
 currentPage = loadPage(page, pageSize);
} while(currentPage.size() == pageSize);
share|improve this answer
I suggest to use hibernate functions setFirstResult() and setMaxResults() to achieve your desired results e.g. below:
 Query query= session.createQuery("SELECT * from A");
 int resultSize = 100;
 List pagedResults = null;
 //use any approriate number for iterations or do a result count first to get the expected result size
 for(int m=0; ; m++){
 pagedResults = (List)query.setFirstResult(m*resultSize).setMaxResults((m+1)*resultSize).list();
 //do your processing
 if(pagedResults.isEmpty() || pagedResults.size()


text:
Associations to the word «Hungarian»
HUNGARIAN, adjective. Of, from, or pertaining to present-day Hungary, the ethnic Hungarian people or the Hungarian language.
HUNGARIAN, adjective. Of, from, or pertaining to the Kingdom of Hungary, during the days of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, regardless of ethnicity.
HUNGARIAN, adjective. (computing) (programming) Of or relating to Hungarian notation.
HUNGARIAN, noun. A person from present-day Hungary or of ethnic Hungarian descent.
HUNGARIAN, noun. A person from the former Kingdom of Hungary, during the Austro-Hungarian Empire, regardless of that person's ethnicity.
HUNGARIAN, proper noun. The main language of Hungary.
HUNGARIAN, proper noun. (uncountable) (computing) (informal) Hungarian notation.
HUNGARIAN ALPHABET, proper noun. The 44-letter alphabet that is used to write the Hungarian language, adapted from the basic Latin alphabet and consisting of the following letters presented in upper case (majuscule) and lower case (minuscule) pairs:
HUNGARIAN CAMOMILE, noun. Alternative form of Hungarian chamomile
HUNGARIAN CHAMOMILE, noun. An annual plant, Matricaria recutita, of the Aster family, which is the type of camomile most used for tea.
HUNGARIAN HOUND, noun. A breed of hunting dog originating in Hungary.
HUNGARIAN HOUNDS, noun. Plural of Hungarian Hound
HUNGARIAN KUVASZ, noun. An alternate name for the Kuvasz dog breed.
HUNGARIAN KUVASZOK, noun. Plural of Hungarian Kuvasz
HUNGARIAN NOTATION, noun. (computing) (programming) A naming convention in which the name of a variable indicates its data type and intended use by including abbreviations as prefixes.
HUNGARIAN STUDIES, noun. (humanities) a field of study concerned with Hungarian language, literature, ethnology, culture, history or society
HUNGARIAN, noun. A native or inhabitant of Hungary.
HUNGARIAN, noun. The official language of Hungary (also spoken in Rumania); belongs to the Ugric family of languages.
HUNGARIAN, adjective. Relating to or characteristic of Hungary; "Hungarian folk music".
The words printed here are concepts. You must go through the experiences.


text:
18/10/2011. The Sammy Miller Motorbike Museum.
I can't read the details of this machine but I would guess it's about 1935 and possibly 350cc.
Coventry-Eagle was a British motorcycle manufacturer. Established as a Victorian bicycle maker, the company began under the name of Hotchkiss, Mayo & Meek. The company name was changed to Coventry Eagle in 1897 when John Meek left the company . By 1898 they had begun to experiment with motorised vehicles and by 1899, had produced their first motorcycle. The motorcycles were hand built from components and finished carefully, Coventry-Eagle motorcycles proved reliable and by the First World War the range included Villiers_Engineering and JAP engines.
During the early 1920s, the models changed depending on what engines were available and the company swapped between four engine manufacturers. The model Flying 8 was probably the most iconic bike of its time and bore a resemblance to the contemporary Brough Superior. During the depression of the 1930s, the company concentrated on producing two-strokes. Production continued until the start of the Second World War in 1939.
Picture added on 09 November 2011 at 08:05


EndPackage
EndPackage[]
restores $Context and $ContextPath to their values before the preceding BeginPackage, and prepends the current context to the list $ContextPath.
Details
Examples
open allclose all
Basic Examples (1)
Commands to define a simple package:
Modify the context and context path so that symbol creation and lookup use square':
Here are the commands defining the function in the package:
Restore the context, but leave square' on the context path for symbol lookup:
The context is now the same as the original:
The context path is the same as the original, but with square' prepended:
Scope (1)
Use BeginPackage and EndPackage to start and end a package in a file:
The package can be loaded with Get:
Once loaded, the definitions work:
Wolfram Research (1988), EndPackage, Wolfram Language function, _URL_
Text
Wolfram Research (1988), EndPackage, Wolfram Language function, _URL_
BibTeX
@misc{reference.wolfram_2020_endpackage, author="Wolfram Research", title="{EndPackage}", year="1988", howpublished="\url{_URL_ note=[Accessed: 17-January-2021 ]}
BibLaTeX
@online{reference.wolfram_2020_endpackage, organization={Wolfram Research}, title={EndPackage}, year={1988}, url={_URL_ note=[Accessed: 17-January-2021 ]}
CMS
Wolfram Language. 1988. "EndPackage." Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Wolfram Research. _URL_
APA
Wolfram Language. (1988). EndPackage. Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Retrieved from _URL_


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I need some help on this ACM ICPC problem. My current idea is to model this as a shortest path problem, which is described under the problem statement.
There are N = 1000 nuclear waste containers located along a 1-D number line at distinct positions from -500,000 to 500,000, except x=0. A person is tasked with collecting all the waste bins. Each second that a waste container isn't collected, it emits 1 unit of radiation. The person starts at x = 0 and can move 1 unit every second, and collecting the waste takes a negligible amount of time. We want to find the minimum amount of radiation released while collecting all of the containers.
Sample Input:
4 Containers located at [-12, -2, 3, 7].
The best order to collect these containers is [-2, 3, 7, -12], for a minimum emitting of 50 units. Explanation: the person goes to -2 in 2 seconds and during that time 2 units of radiation are emitted. He then goes to 3 (distance: 5) so that barrel has released 2 + 5 = 7 units of radiation. He takes 4 more seconds to get to x = 7 where that barrel has emitted 2 + 5 + 4 = 11 units. He takes 19 seconds to get to x = -12 where that barrel has emitted 2 + 5 + 4 + 19 = 30 units. 2 + 7 + 11 + 30 = 50, which is the answer.
There is an obvious O(N!) solution. However, I've explored greedy methods such as moving to the closest one, or moving to the closest cluster but those haven't worked.
I've thought about this problem for quite a while, and have kind of modeled it as a graph search problem:
 1. We insert 0 in as a baseline position (This will be the initial state)
 2. Then, we sort the positions from least to greatest.
 3. We then do a BFS/PFS, where the state consists of
 - Two integers l and r that represent a contiguous range in the sorted position array that we have visited already
 - An integer loc that tells us whether we're on the left or right endpoint of the range
 - An integer time that tells us the elapsed time
 - An integer 'cost' that tells us the total cost so far (based on nodes we've visited)
 4. From each state we can move to [l - 1, r] and [l, r + 1], tweaking the other 3 integers accordingly
 5. Final state is [0, N], checking both ending positions.
However, it seems that [L, R, loc] does not uniquely define a state, and we have to store L, R, loc, and time, while minimizing cost at each of these. This leads to an exponential algorithm, which is still way too slow for any good.
Can anyone help me expand on my idea or push my into the right direction?
Edit: Maybe this can be modeled as a dynamic programming optimization problem? Thinking about it, it has the same issues as the graph search solution - just because the current cost is low doesn't mean it is the optimal answer for that sub problem, since the time also affects the answer greatly.
Greedy doesn't work: I have a greedy selection algorithm that estimates the cost of moving to a certain place (e.g. if we move right, we double the distances to the left barrels and such).
Could you do a Priority-first search, with a heuristic? The heuristic could combine the cost of the current trip with the amount of time elapsed.
share|improve this question
How about Shortest Path Algorithms? Like Dijkstra's algorithm? – SRJ Mar 10 '13 at 0:41
I tried that, but I think I'm doing something really wrong. I described my algorithm (which was priority first search or BFS) near the bottom, with the numbered list. – Barron W. Mar 10 '13 at 0:45
This might help you... stackoverflow.com/q/_PHONE_/585398 – SRJ Mar 10 '13 at 0:47
Sorry, I don't see how these two problems are related. Can you explain? – Barron W. Mar 10 '13 at 1:29
This is an ACM ICPC practice problem, not a real life problem. On another note, I tried reducing the state but to no avail. I tried writing an DP solution but that that didn't work either. The state was L, R, POS. – Barron W. Mar 10 '13 at 2:45
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6 Answers
I think you can improve this by looking at the problem as a directed graph of pairs of positions.
For this example I will use the line with values -9, -6, -1, 3, and 5.
Because it's too hard to draw a graph with just text, I'm going to represent the pairs as a table. We can think of the cells as representing the state where all containers between those two positions have been collected. Each cell has two values, one representing the cost to go left, the other representing the cost to go right (to the next container).
The values can simply be calculated as the distance between the two points multiplied by the number of barrels outside of those two points + 1. Cells where both numbers have the same sign represent cases when all barrels of the opposite sign have been collected. These are calculated using only the number of barrels in the direction away from zero.
In the table values of X mean that you can't go in that direction (all the barrels in that direction have been taken). The rows represent the current position of the collector and the columns represent the location of the next opposite barrel.
 | -9 | -6 | -1 | 3 | 5 |
|-9 | | | | X, 24| X, 14|
|-6 | 3, X | | | 9, 27| 6, 22|
|-1 | |10, X | |20, 8 |15, 18|
| 3 |24, 4 |27, 6 |16, 8 | | X, 2 |
| 5 |14, X |22, X |18, X | | |
The rules for moving between squares can be somewhat confusing.
For negative numbered columns, the rules are as follows:
 - Going right moves down one cell.
 - Going left moves down one cell and then mirrors across the diagonal.
 - If the right value is X, going left moves up to the diagonal (where the column and row are equal) and left by one.
For positive numbered columns, the rules are as follows:
 - Going left moves up one cell.
 - Going right moves up one cell and then mirrors across the diagonal.
 - If the left value is X, going right moves down to the diagonal and right by one.
Now we can run Dijkstra's algorithm to calculate the best path, using these movement rules to traverse the graph. Our starting positions are (-1, 3) and (3, -1) with initial costs of 5 and 15, respectively. Once we've calculated values for the two end positions (left of (-9, -9) and right of (5, 5)) the smaller of the two is our answer.
The running time for each of the steps are:
 - O(N log N) for initially sorting the input values along the line
 - O(N^2) for calculating the table/graph
 - O(N^2 log N) for running Dijkstra's on the graph (Note: there are at most two edges for any given vertex).
The first two steps are dominated by the last, so your overall runtime is O(N^2 log N) which should be a good enough runtime for the challenge.
share|improve this answer
add comment
Shortest Distance
I wrote a Java application yesterday to solve the problem. The problem is basically a shortest distance problem, as SRJ said in his comment. The radiation just shows that you can accumulate a value along with the shortest distance.
Basically, here's what I did.
 - Put the container numbers in a List
 - While the List contains elements;
 - Find the element(s) that are closest
 - If there's one element, walk there and remove the element.
 - If there's two elements, copy the path and walk to both elements
 - Find the path with the smallest radiation value.
Here's some output from the application
10 containers are located at [-90, -75, -47, -9, 9, 26, 48, 50, 64, 79].
You walk to position -9 and pick up the container. The total radiation emitted is 90 units.
You walk to position 9 and pick up the container. The total radiation emitted is 252 units.
You walk to position 26 and pick up the container. The total radiation emitted is 388 units.
You walk to position 48 and pick up the container. The total radiation emitted is 542 units.
You walk to position 50 and pick up the container. The total radiation emitted is 554 units.


<verify_peer>0</verify_peer>
 <verify_peer_name>0</verify_peer_name>
 <allow_self_signed>1</allow_self_signed>
 </ssl>
 </vsphere_connection_options>
Other optional parameters
The following parameters can be redefined to alter the default behavior of the collector:
Parameter Meaning Default value
max_chunk_size Maximum number of elements to process in one iteration (for upload and synchro in iTop). If there are more elements than this number, the process will automatically iterate. 1000
itop_synchro_timeout Timeout for waiting for the execution of one data synchro task (in seconds)- requires php_curl 600
stop_on_synchro_error Whether or not to stop when an error occurs during a synchronization (yes or no). no
console_log_level Level of ouput to the console. From -1 (none) to 9 (debug). 6 (info)
console_log_dateformat Logger timestamp format [Y-m-d H:i:s]
curl_options When using cUrl to connect to the iTop Webservices the cUrl options can be specified in this section. The syntax is <CURLOPT_NAME_OF_THE_OPTION1>VALUE 1</CURLOPT_NAME_OF_THE_OPTION1> where VALUE_x are either:
The numeric value of the option,
or the string representation of the corresponding PHP "define" (case sensitive).
It is possible to define several php_curl options like in the example below
data_path New in 1.1.4 The path where to store the temporary files generated by the collector. You can use the special placeholder %APPROOT% to specify a pth relative to the root folder of the collector. %APPROOT%/data
<curl_options>
 <CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST>0</CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST>
 <CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER>1</CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER>
 </curl_options>
Testing iTop REST API connection
You may encounter network/authentication issues to reach the iTop server you need to synchronize. To test that connection please use below command:
* connection OK: JSSON answer is displayed in the ouput
php toolkit/testconnection.php
 curl_init exists: 1
/home/combodo/workspace/collector/itop-data-collector-base/toolkit/testconnection.php:12:
array(4) {
 'version' =>
 string(3) "1.0"
 'operations' =>
 array(7) {
 [0] =>
 array(3) {
 'verb' =>
 string(11) "core/create"
 'description' =>
 string(16) "Create an object"
 'extension' =>
 string(12) "CoreServices"
 }
...
* network issue: HTTP error code displayed (among other logs)
php toolkit/testconnection.php
UNIX system
 curl_init exists: 1
Problem opening URL: https://localhost/iTop/webservices/rest.php?version=1.0
 error msg: Failed to connect to localhost port 443: Connection refused
 curl_init error code: 7 (cf _URL_
* credential issue
php toolkit/testconnection.php
UNIX system
 /home/combodo/workspace/collector/itop-data-collector-base/toolkit/testconnection.php:12:
array(2) {
 'code' =>
 int(1)
 'message' =>
 string(20) "Error: Invalid login"
}
Calling iTop Rest API worked!
Placeholders in the configuration of the data sources
The JSON files used to configure the data sources contain several placeholders initialized from the configuration above ($contact_to_notify$), but also additional placeholders specific to the data sources. These placeholders can be configured inside the <json_placeholders> tag in the parameters file:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <parameters>
 ...
 <contact_to_notify>_EMAIL_</contact_to_notify>
 <synchro_user>cron-user</synchro_user>
 <json_placeholders type="hash">
 <prefix>vSphere</prefix>
 <full_load_interval>60</full_load_interval>
 </json_placeholders>
 ...
 </parameters>
Parameter Meaning Default value
synchro_user If the user account used for running this synchronization is not an Administrator, then its login must be specified here, since iTop allows only the administrators and the specified user to run the synchronization.
contact_to_notify The email address of an existing contact in iTop, to be notified of the results of the synchronization
full_load_interval The delay (expressed in seconds) between two complete imports of the data. The objects which have not been detected by the collector during a timespan longer than this interval will be considered as obsolete and marked as such in iTop. Adjust this value depending on the scheduling recurrence. 604800
prefix The prefix for the name of all Synchronization Data Sources in iTop. If you run several instances of the collector (to collect information from several vSphere servers), change this value so that each data source has a unique name vSphere
More details on the purpose and usage of prefix
Brands, Models, OS Family and OS Version normalization
The values collected for Brands, Models and OS Family may be very variable because they came from non homogeneous sources (BIOS, operating system…). The data collector contains a simple mechanism to filter / normalize the values via a manual tuning, before importing them into iTop: a simple mapping table.
Creating the Mapping Table is an iterative process, since the table must be adapted when the collector encounters new values (new machine with a different BIOS, new operating system…)
Mapping tables are defined and maintained in the configuration file params.local.xml (you can copy an example definition from params.distrib.xml and ajust it at your will). brand_mapping is used for filtering the Brand values, model_mapping is used for Models, os_family_mapping is used for OS Families and os_version_mapping is used for OS Versions.
A mapping table is simply an ordered list of patterns and replacement strings. For each entry in the list, if the supplied value matches the pattern, it is replaced by the replacement string. The patterns are processed from the first one (top of the list) to the last one (bottom of the list). The processing stops after the first successful match.
The format of each entry in the mapping table is:
<pattern>/regular_expression/replacement_string</pattern>
Where:
 - regular_expression is a PCRE regular expression to be matched against the input value,
 - replacement_string is the resulting value if the input value matches the regular expression.
 - Note: any character can be use as a delimiter around the regular expression, not only /. But the delimiter character can be present neither in the expression itself nor in the replacement string or the result will be undetermined.
The replacement string is the literal value to use, with the exception of placeholders in the form %1$s, %2$s… The placeholder %1$s corresponds to the part of the input string that matches the whole regular expression. Placeholders %2$s, %3$s corresponds to matching groups (i.e. parentheses) in the regular expression.
Example of a mapping table for the brands:
 <brand_mapping type="array">
 <!-- Syntax /pattern/replacement where:
 any delimiter can be used (not only /)
 but the delimiter cannot be present in the "replacement" string
 pattern is a RegExpr pattern
 replacement is a sprintf string in which:
 %1$s will be replaced by the whole matched text,
 %2$s will be replaced by the first matched group, if any group is defined in the RegExpr
 %3$s will be replaced by the second matched group, etc...
 -->
 <pattern>/IBM/IBM</pattern>
 <pattern>/Hewlett Packard/Hewlett-Packard</pattern>
 <pattern>/Hewlett-Packard/Hewlett-Packard</pattern>
 <pattern>/Dell/Dell</pattern>
 <pattern>/.*/%1$s</pattern>
 </brand_mapping>
The result of such a mapping table will be:
 - Any brand containing the letters IBM (case sensitive) will become exactly IBM
 - Any brand containing Hewlett Packard (case sensitive) will become exactly Hewlett-Packard (notice the added dash between Hewlett and Packard)
 - Any brand containing Hewlett-Packard (case sensitive) will become exactly Hewlett-Packard
 - Any brand containing the letters Dell (case sensitive) will become exactly Dell
Make sure that you keep the last


text:
Academic courses are based on the same content as other SASD courses in science, social studies, language arts, and math.
Students have a daily resource block for the student-centered advisor/advisee program, providing guided time to plan and assess academic, personal, and social development in their project-based instruction.
Integrated Arts Courses
Integrated arts courses offer hands-on learning and exploration in music, creative movement, visual arts, tech ed, drama, and creative writing. As students progress in these creative synthesizing disciplines, the academics are integrated, allowing students to create projects around their core interests. Performance-based assessment is used to evaluate these self-directed projects.
Facilitator-Guided Online Courses
Facilitator-guided online courses will provide specialized electives, including extended world language offerings and independent learning with a teacher guiding the student through each course.
21st Century Reporting System
To assist students in reflecting with depth on their educational progress, a 21st Century reporting system will replace the standard SASD report card. Student achievement will be measured with a report card assessing mastery of both academic benchmarks and 21st Century skills, a portfolio of student work, and parent-student-teacher conferences.


text:
Making Sense of SCIENCE: Going Deep to Go Far by Linking Science and Literacy Instruction
SchoolsMovingUp at WestEd
February 8, 2012 @ 10:30 a.m.–12 p.m. (Pacific Time)
Tel: _PHONE_ Email: _EMAIL_
Register for the Making Sense of SCIENCE: Going Deep to Go Far by Linking Science and Literacy Instruction webinar.
If leadership tomorrow depends on how we educate our students today, then what can we do to facilitate deep conceptual learning, both for students and teachers?
In this webinar, Kirsten Daehler, Senior Research Associate at WestEd and Director of Understanding Science for Teaching, and Kathy Huncosky, Science Instructional Resource Teacher from the Madison Metropolitan School District, will share facilitation strategies and principles that get learners to dive deeper into science, reason about ideas in evidence-based ways, and communicate using multiple languages of science.
All teachers and teacher educators can use the strategies and principles featured to support science learning, regardless of their curriculum.
During this webinar, Daehler and Huncosky will:
- Draw examples from Making Sense of SCIENCE (MSS) professional development
- Share findings from a national randomized controlled study showing significant positive effects in science learning for teachers and their students, including English learners, students with disabilities, and students who otherwise struggle with science
- Provide tips for helping teachers and science educators:
- Keep conversations evidence-based
- Make thinking visible
- Go beyond one explanation
- Separate science ideas from individuals
- Explore ideas with words, actions, images, and symbols
- Classroom science teachers K–16
- Science instructional coaches
- Science educators
- Curriculum supervisors/consultants
- District personnel in charge of teacher professional development and inservice


text:
Documentation/4.6/Report a problem
- I have a question about how to use Slicer for a particular task or I'm not sure things are working right
- Try your best to sort out the issue by reading documentation and checking error logs
- I am still unclear about what to do.
- Something is definitely not working as it should or I would like to request a feature.
- File a bug report in the issues tracker (you need to register first) or on the Slicer users mailing list. It is important to provide enough specific information so that a software developer can duplicate the problem - see details below.
- Don't be anonymous: real people trying hard to solve real problems are more likely to get valuable help. A vague question from a random email is likely to be ignored..
- I would like to let the Slicer community know, how Slicer helped me in my research.
- Please send us the citation for your paper.
- Background: funding for Slicer is provided through competitive mechanisms to a large extent by the US government and to a lesser extend through funding from other governments. The justification of for those resources is that Slicer enables scientific work. Knowing about scientific publications enabled by Slicer is a critical step in this process. Given the international nature of the Slicer community, the nationality of the scientists is not important. Every good paper counts.
- I would like to give feedback on my experience with Slicer.
- Share your story using the Feedback link accessible from the Slicer Welcome module
Error report contents
- What steps were performed before the problem occurred
- What behavior you expected
- What happened instead
- Copy-paste the error log: you can access it from Slicer in the menu: Help / Report a bug. By default log of the current session is displayed but you can retrieve the logs of the last few sessions
- Optional: capture a screenshot that illustrates the issue
That could be summarized by the SSCCE (Short, Self Contained, Correct (Compilable), Example) approach documented on _URL_
Workflow for Handling Bugs and Feature Requests in Slicer
The following instructions describes the recommended workflow to report a problem related to Slicer application.
- 1. Register on the issue tracker
- 2. Sign-up on the developers mailing list
- 3. Create an issue in the tracker.
- 4. Optionally, if you would like to share dataset >= 2MB, you should consider uploading them on our dedicated server. See How to share and associate data with an issue
- 5. Send an email on the slicer-developers list pointing to the reported bug. Title of the email should start with
[BUG 1234] Title of the bug
The following diagram illustrates Slicer issue workflow:
Source: Adapted from _URL_


text:
This guideline has been developed by the Department of Primary Industries (DPI) to support the sustainable development of turf farming in New South Wales.
The purpose of this primefact is to:
- provide local consent authorities with a clear set of requirements that should be addressed in development applications (DA) for turf farming,
- promote establishment of turf farms in areas which allow long-term sustainable operation,
- assist the turf industry to minimise effects on the environment, adjoining landholders and the general community by identifying the environmental management considerations.


Configuring a Conditional Countdown and Command
(new related group 1)
Setting up a Countdown
Voriges Thema
Nächstes Thema
Configuring a Conditional Countdown and Command
You can specify an arbitrary command that is executed when the countdown has reached 0.
Additionally, you can specify a command that determines whether the countdown is to be started.
Example use case: The countdown is running, but the user does not interact with the device in order to make the countdown stop. When the countdown has reached 0, the system checks whether a session is running, e.g. an appliance mode Citrix session. If yes, the user is logged off from this session.
If no command is set to be executed after countdown, the screen will be locked instead.
The user that issues the commands depends on the firmware version in use:
To specify the command that determines the condition:
 1. In the Setup, go to System > Registry and open the registry key sessions > xlock0 > options > countdown_condition_cmd (sessions.xlock0.options.countdown_condition_cmd).
 2. Enter the command in the field Countdown condition command. Example: pgrep wfica (determines if a Citrix session is present)
 3. Click Apply or Ok.
 If the command returns 0, the countdown or commando is started.
 If the command returns a non-zero value, the countdown or commando is not started.
To specify the command to be executed after the countdown:
 1. In the Setup, go to System > Registry and open the registry key sessions > xlock0 > options > countdown_done_cmd (sessions.xlock0.options.countdown_done_cmd).
 2. Enter the command in the field Countdown done command. Example: killall wfica (terminates the Citrix ICA client)
 The command is executed synchronously before the countdown goes away. If the command doesn't terminate quickly, it must be sent to the background by appending "&".
 3. Open the registry key sessions > xlock0 > options > countdown_done_cmd_continue (sessions.xlock0.options.countdown_done_cmd_continue) and specify whether the screensaver should be started after the command has been started.
 With IGEL Linux v5, the screensaver does not start immediately. It will be started after the idle timeout defined under User Interface > Screen Lock/Saver > Options > Timeout.
 With IGEL OS Linux 10, the screensaver is started immediately.
 4. Click Apply or Ok.


text:
Agrodan Social: on Children's Day in Brazil, discover the project that impacts the lives of more than 300 children
Agrodan, the largest mango exporter in Brazil, has eight farms and 1,300 hectares of land, producing more than 30 million kilos of the fruit per year. But behind all this work with exports, few know about the impact generated by the company's project, Agrodan Social, which changes the lives of 300 children every day.
The project was designed by one of the company's partners, Paulo Dantas, in 2014, when he noticed that there were illiterate employees at Agrodan. But until 2018, the year in which the initiative began its operation, Paulo almost saw his idea not getting off the ground.
"Our idea was a school for 200 students from rural areas, from kindergarten to fifth grade. I wanted to give these children the opportunity to choose their profession. However, we had some failures in partnerships that we tried and, therefore, I decided to invest money from my own pocket", says Paulo Dantas.
After all, the school was founded with 224 full-time students, from kindergarten to fifth grade. But it wasn't just education that was free for children at Teacher Olindina Roriz Dantas School, in the rural area of Belém do São Francisco – PE. In addition to classes, Agrodan also provides material, food and logistics. The school currently works up to the first year of high school.
Norma Meire Lopes, mother of Thallyta Vitória, a student at Teacher Olindina Roriz Dantas School, highlighted the key role of Agrodan Social concerning the region.
"School is very important, before our children only had two days of school. The teachers came from far away, there was no transport. Many times they even got to the next grade, but without learning what they were supposed to", she explained.
With the challenges faced during the Covid-19 pandemic, the work was still not over, but the school had to adapt to the new reality imposed by the disease.
"During the pandemic, the school tried to provide everything they could to students. My daughter received a notebook to keep up to date with her classes and free internet access. Furthermore, the school was concerned with providing basic food kits for everyone. So, the concern goes way beyond learning, they care about the kid's well-being", Norma quoted.
In 2021, still during the pandemic, in addition to free internet, the project began teaching adult families of students to read and write, and many of the children also became teachers.
The project is also very important for employees. The teacher Beatriz comments on the role of Agrodan Social in her life. She explains that her story with Agrodan began in the countryside, as a rural worker.
"I learned to perform many activities that I am very proud of and that is how I was able to maintain my studies. At first, it didn't cross my mind that I could work as a teacher, after years of working in the field. Paulo noticed me and was surprised that I had higher education and was in the countryside. After a few days, he surprised me with an offer to be an assistant professor at the project", she explained.
You can also make a donation to Agrodan Social and support this initiative by accessing: _URL_
Despite all the benefits that Agrodan Social offers to the region, the project wants to increase its impact even further. Paulo Dantas highlights that one of his goals is to have a professional course in the IT area by 2026.
"Our goal is higher education in IT, and we're looking for partners to do this. Furthermore, we're investing in sports, building an athletics track. Our goal is to increasingly unify sport and education", says Paulo Dantas.
For Abrafrutas, it is an honor to be able to proudly share Agrodan's story. The company is one of the program's associates and has been developing this important and truly inspiring social project in the rural area of Belém do São Francisco, in the Brazilian state of Pernambuco.
By creating local jobs, investing in infrastructure and social initiatives, the company is promoting a virtuous growth cycle that benefits everyone, from local farmers to community members. The initiative is a living testimony to the Brazilian fruit industry's commitment to social responsibility and the sustainable development of underprivileged communities.
"The school has become a beacon of hope for the local community. Through the project, the company shows it is not just about producing high-quality fruits, but also about investing in the well-being of the community where it operates", says the president of Abrafrutas, Guilherme Coelho.
Guilherme also states that Abrafrutas is proud to have them as an associate. This initiative exemplifies the true meaning of corporate social responsibility and shows how Brazil's fruit industry is committed to the triple bottom line.
"We congratulate Agrodan and all the producers who are also transforming lives and making a difference in Brazil. Mr. Paulo Dantas is an inspiration for all of us and for everyone in agribusiness", quotes Guilherme Coelho.
The Brazilian Association of Producers and Exporters of Fruit and Derivatives (Abrafrutas) is a non-profit association whose purpose is to represent and promote Brazilian fruit growing in the international market. Created in 2014, Abrafrutas has approximately 70 associated fruit exporters and holds approximately 85% of the total volume of fresh fruit exported by Brazil.


Chevy Tahoe P1153: Causes, Meaning, and Diagnosis
P1153 Chevy Tahoe
P1153 is not a very common diagnostic trouble code. It can have different meanings depending on the manufacturer in question. For the Chevy Tahoe, it means:
P1153:HO2S Insufficient Switching (Bank 2, Sensor 1)
As long as your scanner confirms that the code is for insufficient switching of the heated oxygen sensor, you're good to go.
P1153 Meaning
P1153 Code Definition: Chevy Tahoe
In the standard definition of P1153, there are three separate sections. HO2S, Insufficient Switching, and Bank 2 Sensor 1.
While your Tahoe's exhaust system can have many oxygen sensors, the first in line is the most important for metering the air/fuel ratio and keeping the engine running efficiently.
Insufficient Switching
As stated above, your engine's computer (known as the ECM, or PCM) monitors the air-fuel ratio using the heated oxygen sensor.
It'll monitor the oxygen sensors in closed-loop operation for 90 seconds to determine if there is anything wrong with them. It does this by counting the number of times the oxygen sensors switch back and forth between rich and lean cycles.
When there is an insufficient number of switches between rich/lean and lean/rich, the Chevy Tahoe will throw P1153.
Bank 2 Sensor 1
The term "bank" refers to a row of cylinders. So, the amount of cylinder heads a vehicle has determines the number of banks (it can only be one or two).
P1153 can ONLY appear on engines with two banks. So, you're going to need to determine which side of the engine is bank 2 in your Tahoe.
While it is annoying to have to find bank 2, having two banks is nice since we can use the "swap test" to diagnose P1153 later. The swap test will allow you to eliminate the heated oxygen sensor as a possible cause of P1153.
Now that we know what P1153 means and how to find the oxygen sensor, we can begin to diagnose it in earnest.
Chevy Tahoe P1153: Symptoms
More often than not, the check engine light is the only symptom that you will experience with P1153. Although it's not unheard of for a vehicle to experience:
 - Rough Idle
 - Loss of Power
 - Black Exhaust
Chevy Tahoe P1153: Causes + Diagnosis
Tahoe P1153 Diagnosis
Here's a pretty solid procedure for diagnosing a bad oxygen sensor. If you aren't good with a code scanner, start with section 3, swap test.
1. Capture the Short/Long Term Fuel Trim Values
If you happen to have access to a scan tool, you can use it to capture the short and long-term fuel trim values. You'll need to make sure that the engine is warmed up before you do this.
Doing this will help you determine if the O2 sensor operates within spec any looking under the hood. You'll need to compare the values that you capture with your tool with the values Chevy specifies.
2. Check the Wiring Harness at the O2 Sensor
DTC P1153 Fix
The bank two sensor one oxygen sensor has a tough life. It is right there on the hot exhaust; it also has to deal with a lot of engine vibration. The wiring harness to the sensor will fail more than almost any other wiring in your Tahoe.
Check to see if the wiring is burnt or frayed. Make sure that the pigtail that plugs into the sensor is snugged in tight and has no damage itself. You can do this pretty quickly with a flashlight. You can usually see this oxygen sensor without having to take anything apart.
You can use a multimeter to determine if there's a short or open circuit. This article can make you an expert on the subject in no time.
3. Swap Test (Optional V6, V8 Only)
Since your Tahoe has a V-8 or V6 engine, you can do something called the swap test. Basically, it involves removing the bank one sensor one oxygen(B1S1) sensor and replacing it with the bank two sensor one sensor(B2S1).
Here's how to do the swap test:
 - First, clear the DTC codes with your scanner.
 - Swap the Bank 2 Sensor 1 O2 sensor with the Bank 1 Sensor 1. They'll be on or right after the exhaust manifold on each side of the engine.
 - If the code changes to P1133 (which indicates the O2 sensor on Bank 1 is insufficiently switching), that is proof enough that your Tahoe needs a new O2 sensor.
 - If the code remains P1153, you'll need to continue pursuing your diagnosis, knowing that both O2 sensors are working fine.
4. Exhaust/Vacuum Leaks
Often a worn or brittle vacuum line will allow unmetered air into your Tahoe's engine. When this happens, it creates a lean condition.
You can test for a vacuum leak around the vacuum lines and the intake manifold. A common method is to spray carb cleaner around the intake/vacuum lines. When the spot is found, the engine will rev higher with no throttle input.
An exhaust leak can redirect the gasses that are supposed to be passing over the O2 sensor. This can leave it with a flat curve, which can throw P1153.
A bad oxygen sensor is the most common reason that your Chevy Tahoe will have P1153. However, there can be other issues that cause this code as well.
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Abstract
A preliminary investigation into the diagnostic potential of an infrared fiber optic probe (IFOP) for evaluating degenerative human articular cartilage is described. Twelve arthritic human tibial plateaus obtained during arthroplasty were analyzed using the IFOP. Infrared spectra were obtained from IFOP contact with articular surface sites visually graded normal or degraded (Collins Scale grade 1 and grade 3, respectively). Comparisons of infrared spectral parameters (peak heights and areas) were made to elucidate spectral indicators of surface degeneration. IFOP spectral analysis revealed subtle but consistent changes between grades 1 and 3 sites. Infrared absorbance bands arising from type II collagen were observed to change with degradation. More degraded tissues exhibited increased amide II (_PHONE_ cm-1)/1338 cm-1 area ratio (p=0.034) and decreased 1238/1227 cm-1 peak ratio (p = 0.017); similar changes were seen with Fourier transform infrared imaging spectroscopy (FT-IRIS) analysis. Grades 1 and 3 cartilage showed consistent spectral differences in the amide II, III, and 1338 cm-1 regions that are likely related to type II collagen degradation that accompanies cartilage degeneration. These results suggest that it may be possible to monitor subtle changes related to early cartilage degeneration, allowing for IFOP use during arthroscopy for in situ determination of cartilage integrity.
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OSA participates in CrossRef's Cited-By Linking service. Citing articles from OSA journals and other participating publishers are listed here.


text:
Traveling Luck for Ouen Dakoesse, New Caledonia (general), New Caledonia
Where is Ouen Dakoesse?What's around Ouen Dakoesse?
Wikipedia near Ouen Dakoesse
Where to stay near Ouen Dakoesse
The timezone in Ouen Dakoesse is Pacific/Noumea
Sunrise at 05:02 and Sunset at 18:20. It's Dark
Latitude. -21.8333°, Longitude. _PHONE_°
Satellite map around Ouen Dakoesse
Loading map of Ouen Dakoesse and it's surroudings
Geographic features & Photographs around Ouen Dakoesse, in New Caledonia (general), New Caledonia
- a body of running water moving to a lower level in a channel on land.
- a long narrow elevation with steep sides, and a more or less continuous crest.
- Kochéré (15.9km)
- tribal area;
- a tract of land used by nomadic or other tribes.
- Tribu de Koum (49.1km)
- an area where vessels may anchor.
- Mouillage de Ngoé (20.5km)
- a mountain range or a group of mountains or high ridges.
- Massif du Humboldt (36.9km)
- a coastal indentation between two capes or headlands, larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf.
- Baie de Kouakoué (52.2km)
- a break in a mountain range or other high obstruction, used for transportation from one side to the other [See also gap].
- Col de Ni (47.7km)
Airports close to Ouen Dakoesse
La tontouta(NOU), Noumea, New caledonia (117.4km)
Noumea magenta(GEA), Noumea, New caledonia (149.4km)


text:
The banker horse is a breed of feral horse that can be found in the Outer Banks area of North Carolina. This breed is a descendant of the Spanish horse and the foundation stock is thought to have been brought to the America's during the 16th century. It is thought that these horses may have become feral after surviving shipwrecks or after being abandoned during exploration or settlement expeditions. Although these horses roam free, they are not true wild horses because they are descended from domestic horses.
The banker horse is relatively small in stature, reaching a height between 13 to 14.3 hands and a weight between 800 to 1,000 pounds. It comes in a variety of colors including bay, brown, chestnut, and dun. Individuals of this breed have broad foreheads and oval shaped cannon bones, which is indicative of strength. It is known for its docile and friendly temperament and is easy to maintain. Bankers can be adopted and used as mounts for children and pleasure riding.
The population of banker horses, which has been assessed to be about four hundred, resides on a few islands in the Outer Banks of North Carolina, where vegetation and water sources are limited. This is thought to be a factor in the small stature of the breed, although domestic bankers that feed on manufactured horse food tend to be only slightly larger. Because water is not often available, it depends upon its food to retain much of its moisture. It has been seen digging holes in order to hold rain water and reach water under the ground, which are its other main sources of water intake, but in hard times it will resort to drinking sea water.
The National Park Service, which helps manage the banker horse population, has expressed concern about the breed's impact on the health of the islands in inhabits. Studies have shown that it does not damage native plant life by consuming it but rather by trampling certain species and the greatest harm to other animal species comes from their presence near the nesting sites of sea turtles and birds.
Despite the fact that the banker horse is not native to the islands, it is allowed to remain and is managed by several organizations. The herd on Ocracoke Island is managed by confinement in an area that contains 180 acres, which protects them from major roadways and protects the rest of the island from over grazing. The herd on Shackleford is jointly managed by the National Park Service and by various other organizations, like the Foundation for Shackleford Horses. On this island, the population is managed by careful adoptions and by administering a contraceptive vaccine. Management on this island also consists of testing for the deadly disease equine infectious anemia and moving horses into separate herds on different islands.
The herd on Currituck Banks was once endangered by its close proximity to humans, but it has now been placed in a protected area of 1,800 acres. This herd is managed by the adoptions of fillies, yearlings, and geldings. The population residing in the North Carolina National Estuarine Research Reserve in the Rachel Carson area may have been brought there by people using the area for their livestock or they may have traveled there from neighboring islands. These horses are managed by the state, who prevent over population using a birth control program.
Image Caption: Five of the wild Spanish Mustangs in Corolla, North Carolina. Credit: Kevincollins123/Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 3.0)


text:
Just ten days ago, Cleveland Metroparks Zoo welcomed the birth of three baby Capybaras. The new babies bring the Zoo's group of Capybaras up to six including mom Shoya, dad Budha, and another adult female, Bonita. They can all be seen on exhibit together on the second floor of The RainForest.
Capybaras are the largest rodents in the world. They can grow up to 4.5 feet long and weigh up to 150 pounds. They are native to South America and can be found throughout most of the continent east of the Andes Mountains.


text:
New to SU.
I have created layers for each component part of a finished assembly.
But when I need to delete a line in one of the layer components to correct a misalignment the component is erased.
Any new lines I create remain, but all my previous work disappears. Am I missing some toggle that allows editing of the layer?
It sounds like you aren't using layers correctly. You should read up on that in the help files. Layer 0 should remain the active layer at all times. ALL geometry (edges and faces) are created and remain on Layer 0. Use groups and/or components to separate geometry from other geometry. And assign only the groups or components to other layers. Do not make other layers active when editing the groups or components. There's no need if you are using layers as they are supposed to be used.
Layers are only a visibility control property assigned to groups and components. The only "editing" you can do to a layer is change its name or color for Color by Layer display.
Also see: _URL_ and go through the SketchUp Fundamentals.
Your use of the terms "layer" and "component" suggests to me that you may not be clear on what these words mean in SketchUp and how the associated items are used. As the others have said, a good start would be to review the fundamentals. Then if you are still having trouble, post here again, if possible sharing a model that illustrates the problem.
Yes I am still learning, diving in at the deep end does not help.
Double left click threw me for a bit.


text:
Whether or not you've heard the term "sneckdown," you likely know what it is. The portmanteau refers to snowy neckdowns—or curb extensions made of snow—that occur when cars follow the natural flow of traffic on snow-covered roads, leaving behind piles of snow to navigate around. For drivers, they mean traversing messy roads with a more careful eye and slower pace. For pedestrians, they mean shorter intersections and places to stand atop while waiting for a light to turn. But for city planners and urbanists, they are full of opportunities.
"Since post WWII, the transportation sector was trained to make streets wider and faster, and in doing so generally forgot about the place and people function of streets," says Gary Toth, director of transportation for Project for Public Spaces. "In the 21st century, as people started thinking more about how complete streets operated, the challenge became how to shrink streets to give some of that space back to alternative functions."
Since post WWII, the transportation sector was trained to make streets wider and faster, and in doing so generally forgot about the place and people function of streets.
While permanent traffic calming measures have been successfully incorporated in many cities in the form of bulb-outs, pedestrian islands and more, it's a controversial topic. Car-centric cities are often hesitant to give up wider roads and larger intersections, but sneckdown makes it clear that drivers rarely utilize all the road space allotted to them.
"You can create model after model, show off positive examples from other cities, and one day someone's sitting outside after a light snow and can see where the cars are going as the pavement becomes exposed, proving that drivers aren't using that space anyway," Toth explains. "It's so intuitive that it wins the argument."
It's an argument that's been won in Philadelphia, where the city's streets department added a permanent pedestrian triangle to a busy intersection after a blog post highlighting the city's many sneckdowns went viral.
Officially coined in 2014 by the Streetsblog team, sneckdown has made its way across social media, popping up each winter after a major snow storm leaves behind evidence of where to improve city streets. We've compiled a few of our favorite sneckdown examples, below:


SINGAPORE: In public policy, there is no such thing as a free lunch. Due to limited time and resources, choosing to do something means choosing not to do another.
In his speech to Parliament last week, Minister for Education Ong Ye Kung gave his thoughts on various policy suggestions such as the abolition of streaming and the PSLE. The underlying theme was clear: All policy decisions involve trade-offs.
Most Singaporeans seem to understand intuitively that there is no such thing as a free lunch in policymaking. At the same time, the way many of us talk about changing the education system seems to suggest that we have unconsciously "exempted" the education system from the idea that there is no free lunch.
Mr Ong had remarked that the "voice of the people" offers a diversity of views, conflicting and complex. If I may add to his words, even a single individual can unconsciously hold conflicting views.
For example, many of us would like examinations which assess students' depth of understanding rather than ability to memorise. At the same time, we lament about "strange" questions in national examinations and express our frustration at how it seems to be getting harder to do well in exams.
READ: Are we still missing the point of education? A commentary.
READ: Can a love for learning be sustained in a competitive education system? A commentary.
There is no such thing as a free lunch: Top-level learning outcomes are often related to "difficult" tasks such as analysis and evaluation and the integration of different concepts. Difficult questions are in fact assessing students on genuine depth of understanding. Are we willing to forgo that?
The point is, if we want a policy change, we must be able to name and justify what we are trading off.
Ong Ye Kung in parliament
Education Minister Ong Ye Kung speaking in Parliament on May 15, 2018.
An inadequate understanding of tradeoffs in the education system is hampering our education discourse.
Every policy decision has consequences and every argument proposing major changes can be responded to by simply highlighting the negative consequences. Often, this is where the discourse ends.
It need not be so. If they are serious about their proposals, those who seek major policy changes should respond to critics by substantiating why a certain consequence is justified. This would then prompt those who oppose said changes to review and clarify why it is not justified.
This may then lead to a deeper discussion, where we move from merely describing the benefits and costs to resolving why certain trade-offs are worth incurring, and coming to a common consensus on the way forward.
As much as policy changes are about what we want (benefits), they are also about what we are willing to forego (costs) and most importantly, why we are willing to forgo them.
For any meaningful discourse and constructive policy review to take place, proposers of policy change cannot merely focus on the benefits. They need to consider the consequences arising from the changes they seek and why they are willing to incur them.
In my observations of education policy discourse, it seems the following consequences are often raised in response to new ideas. In other words, the consequences act as fundamental "constraints" on the system, against which any new suggestions should not erode. Think of them as reflecting key pillars of the solid foundation of our system.
In general, every new suggestion should not:
 1. Compromise education standards;
 2. Hamper students' preparation for the future economy;
 3. Unduly increase levels of stress and competition; or
 4. Unnecessarily disrupt the system
These constraints are present in most education issues. Just look at the suggestion to abolish PSLE.
In his speech last week, Mr Ong remarked that many parents support the PSLE system "because the PSLE experience teaches their children to work hard, and to demonstrate what they have learned throughout their primary school years".
Release of PSLE results at St Hilda's Primary School on Nov 22, 2013. Photo : Ernest Chua
Students at St Hilda's Primary School during the release of the PSLE results in 2013. (File photo: Ernest Chua/TODAY)
This argument implicitly invokes the second constraint, since students may be less prepared for the future if a key learning checkpoint is removed and they do not work as hard.
Earlier this year, during the Ministry of Education's Committee of Supply debate, thenMinister for Education (Schools) Ng Chee Meng remarked that "removing the PSLE and having a through train will only transfer the stress on parents and students elsewhere, such as at the P1 registration".
He also emphasised that "it will make the O-Level and N-Level exams most stressful – a single exam in the whole career of a child's life."
This argument invokes the third constraint, since it implies that there will be more stress overall without the PSLE.
If those who want to abolish PSLE still wish to push for it, they must be able to explain why the benefits of doing so outweighs the cost of eroding a key system constraint i.e. why a system which may less actively prepare students for the future or one with more sources of stress is justified.
If they now feel the true cost of their proposal is too high a price to pay, then they should consider more suitable, alternative proposals.
This is what quality policy discourse should look like – one based on well-thought through ideas, the consideration of trade-offs and a judgment call on what one is willing to forgo.
READ: A commentary on a parent's struggle in picking a "good school" for their child.
READ: With less focus on grades, is PSLE still a necessary checkpoint? A commmentary.
A conversation centred on trade-offs can advance our education policy discourse. It can be propelled forward even further if we look deeper into why different people prefer certain trade-offs over others.
O level results
Before diving into policy discourse, consider this: If policies are means to ends, then disagreements over education policies (means) can reflect disagreements over the aims of education (ends).
In education, there can only be one primary aim. Secondary aims must take on a lower priority. Trade-offs must again be made.
Thus, before detailed policy discussions, we should all ask ourselves: What is the primary aim of education? To equip the next generation with skills for the future economy? To reduce inequality? To cultivate values and unity?
Our answers will show us why we are willing to make the trade-offs we make.
If there are vastly differing opinions within the population on the aims of education, then we may also need to have a more fundamental debate on what the primary aim of education in Singapore should be, to get everyone on the same page. Otherwise, our discourse will also still remain hampered.
Last week, Finance Minister Heng Swee Keat announced in Parliament that the 4G leaders will hold a series of discussions to engage Singaporeans on their views.
I expect education to feature heavily in these discussions. The success of these discussions can be maximised if all participants are aware of the trade-offs they are willing to make and are explicit about what they feel the primary aim of education is and why other aims are of a lower priority.
In other words, understanding that the education system is not a free lunch.
Source: CNA/nr


Direct-Electron-Transfer Bio-Nanoink with Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube and Aspergillus terreus var. aureus Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide Glucose Dehydrogenase
Atsunori Hiratsuka, Hisanori Iwasa, Hirotaka Uzawa, Atsuya Suzuki, Hitoshi Muguruma
研究成果: Article査読
11 被引用数 (Scopus)
抄録
This pioneering study contains the fabrication of a novel concept of direct-electron-transfer (DET) bio-nanoink for a mediator-free and oxygen-insensitive glucose sensing. The DET bio-nanoink is composed of glycan chain-rich flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and surfactant sodium cholate in aqueous solution. We discovered FAD-GDH genes in various fungi and characterized the enzymatic properties of the recombinant enzymes produced by Pichia pastoris as a host. Glycan-chain-rich Aspergillus terreus var. aureus FAD-GDH is screened and is the most suitable for the bio-nanoink compared to conventional FAD-GDHs from Aspergillus species in terms of chemical stability and activity. The amperometric biosensor is fabricated with piezoelectric inkjet printing, where the small fraction (several pL) of the bio-nanoink can be erupted without clogging of the nozzle. The biosensor with the bio-nanoink showed a large (1 mA cm -2 at +0.6 V 48 mM glucose) and a glucose-concentration-dependent current, indicating that the DET between FAD-GDH and SWCNTs in the bio-nanoink is accomplished. The DET is supported by the observation of the atomic force and transmission microscopies, where debundled SWCNTs are connected to FAD-GDH molecules. The mediator-free and oxygen-insensitive biosensor fabricated by the DET bio-nanoink revealed a high sensitivity of 70 μA mM -1 cm -2 , a broad linear dynamic range of 0.0025-3.2 mM, and selectivity toward an interferent, and a low detection limit of 1.1 μm, which are superior to those of any other glucose biosensor.
本文言語English
ページ（範囲）5776-5783
ページ数8
ジャーナルACS Omega
4
3
DOI
出版ステータスPublished - 2019 3月 25
ASJC Scopus subject areas
 - 化学 (全般)
 - 化学工学（全般）
フィンガープリント
「Direct-Electron-Transfer Bio-Nanoink with Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube and Aspergillus terreus var. aureus Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide Glucose Dehydrogenase」の研究トピックを掘り下げます。これらがまとまってユニークなフィンガープリントを構成します。
引用スタイル


Camlik Steam Train Museum
Camlik is a small village in Selcuk which is known with a Steam Train Museum that was founded in 1991. There are 30 steam trains that are displayed in the museum made in Germany, England, French, the USA, Sweden and Czech Republic. Among them there's an English made locomotive that works with wood and there are only two of them in the world. There are also 4 cranes, water pumps, fuel transportation tank, 1 outdoor and 1 indoor passenger carriage and a repair shop. There is a toilet from 1850 and a tunnel of 900 meter long.
Choose one of the tours below to visit this site:
- Ephesus and Kirazli