text:
Figure 5-25.--CG-47 CRP electronic enclosure front panel.
pitch commanded. Second, it provides a "shaped" input
This system includes three major interfaces: pitch
to the five-point level detector circuit card. Third, it
control; remote pitch indication; and alarms, indicators,
provides a scaled output signal that represents actual
and sensors. GSEs aboard DDG-51 class ships will be
directly involved with the maintenance of this system.
For this reason, we will briefly describe the three major
interfaces between the ship's control system and the
FFG-7 CLASS SYSTEM
The operation of the electrohydraulic control
system of the FFG-7 class ships is similar to that of the
CG-47 class ships. The FFG-7 class electrohydraulic
The electrohydraulic servo control valve receives
control system does not have a separate CPP electronics
p i t c h change commands from the ship's main
enclosure. The electronics unit for the CPP system is
propulsion plant control system.
located in the buckets of the local operating panel
(LOP). The OD box on the FFG-7 class ship has the
Remote Pitch Indication
same potentiometer setup as that of the CG-47 class
ship. The pitch of the CPP propeller is established
Remote pitch indication is transferred to the ship's
electrically through a single electrohydraulic pitch
main propulsion plant control system by the temperature
control system. The system provides ahead and astern
compensated pitch indicator (TCPI) and the electronic
propulsion thrust by changing propeller blade pitch
pitch indicator (EPI).
without changing propeller shaft rotation direction.
Alarms, Indicators, and Sensors
DDG-51 CLASS SYSTEM
System pressures, oil levels, filter differential
In the DDG-51 class ships, the pitch of the CPPs is
pressures, and hydraulic oil flow are provided to the
established electrically through two identical
ship's main propulsion plant control system.
electrohydraulic pitch control systems. One is located in
each main engine room. The system provides ahead and
The electrohydraulic servo control valve on a
astern propulsion thrust by changing propeller blade
DDG-51 class ship is an electrically actuated, 4-way
p i t c h without changing propeller shaft rotation
valve with a normally closed center position. The
m a x i m u m inputs to the valve's torque motor are


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How To Remove Hair Dye From Bathtub. Sometimes when you dye your hair and it is not quite at its best, some of that dye may end up on your bathtub.
This can potentially be a devastating problem. But have no fear. There are many different methods that you can use to ensure that your bathtub will be as clean as ever.
One way may work better than another depending on the situation of what might have been used or how badly affected the tub is, but that doesn't mean you should discount trying other suggestions when the need for them arises.
How To Remove Hair Dye From Bathtub
The stain can be removed with bleach and water. Wait 5-10 minutes before cleaning. If you wipe away the fluid, the sweater will look years younger. By spreading it on a clean rag, acetone can be used to clean fabric surfaces. Cleaning up soapy tub water is quick and easy with baking soda and water paste.
In this article, we will show you how to remove hair dye from a bathtub.
Using Rubbing Alcohol
Rubbing alcohol is a great way to kill germs. However, it can easily take out the stain caused by a recent bathtub hair dye session, unless of course, you used a black hair dye because rubbing alcohol will only lighten the stubborn stain.
The first step is to wipe the sink clean with your cleaning cloth and then apply rubbing alcohol to the stained area to remove any excess water from earlier.
Then use your damp cleaning cloth or sponge to rub over the faded part of the stained area and let it dry before wiping again.
Using Nail Polish Remover
Nail polish remover is likely already in your possession. If you have dye stains in your bathtub, use a nail polish remover that contains acetone to remove them.
The stained area can be treated with nail polish remover with acetone using a cotton ball. If the stain is on a painted surface or a finished surface, it will remove the color completely.
Bleach is not only great for removing hair dye from surfaces around the bathroom but it can also be used to remove mildew that dirties your counters and tub.
Two cups of bleach are mixed with two cups of hot water and poured over the stain. The solution should sit for ten minutes before being thoroughly rinsed.
It's important to always open a window or use an exhaust fan while using bleach because it can become quite pungent, especially if you have sensitive skin.
Using Baking Soda
In addition to being an effective remedy for removing stubborn stains, this mixture is also a highly recommended bathtub cleaner and hair dye remover treatment.
To make a paste, it's best to start by mixing baking soda with a bit of water until it becomes thick not too runny as it will be difficult to remove later.
Use the brownish mixture to scrub away hard-to-remove stains from bathtubs and other stained surfaces like hair dye.
Mixing borax with water and scrubbing it on the dye stains inside the bathtub is one of the most convenient ways to remove them.
Take a handful of borax and mix it with about 1/4 cup of water and stir it together until smooth, rub the mixture into the stained area with a clean scrubber, apply some pressure as you scrub, and then wipe it clean with clean water.
Is it possible to permanently stain a bathtub with hair dye?
Almost anything it comes in contact with can be stained by semi-permanent hair colors. Skin, bathtubs, sinks, and clothes can all be stained.
To remove excess dye and petroleum jelly from your bathtub, wash and scrub it after rinsing your hair of color. When you increase your activity levels later on in the day, you may slip on the tub if you haven't done this.
Is it possible to wash hair dye out of the bath?
You can easily remove dye from your face, neck, ears, arms, and other areas. Take a cotton ball and wipe any remaining dye from the skin.
You can directly pour some rubbing alcohol onto a cotton ball and dab it away from your face while avoiding contact with your eyes. Avoid contact with your eyes or mouth after thoroughly rinsing with warm water.
How to Remove Semi Permanent Hair Dye from Bathroom

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Ray Ray discovers the meaning of friendship (e-book only)
Since the day Ray Ray was born, his parents spoke the dot, dot, dot, language. The language of profanity. Some call it cursing, swearing or just bad words. His parents used the language constantly, whether they were angry with each other or upset with Ray Ray. He never understood why his friends were avoiding him. He would soon discover why.
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text:
Jemez Canyon Dam
From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia
|Jemez Canyon Dam|
|Location||Sandoval County, New Mexico|
|Purpose||Flood control and storm water management|
|Owner(s)||United States Army Corps of Engineers|
|Dam and spillways|
|Height||150 feet (46 m)|
|Length||870 feet (270 m)|
|Total capacity||264,700 acre-feet|
|Surface area||2.2 square miles (5.7 km2)|
The earthen dam was constructed in 1953 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, with a height of 150 feet and a length at its crest of 870 feet. It impounds the Jemez River for flood control and storm water management in the spring and early summer seasons. The dam is owned by the Corps of Engineers, and operated by the Corps and the Cochiti Lake Project Office.
The reservoir it creates, Jemez Canyon Reservoir, has a normal water surface of 2.2 square miles and a maximum capacity of 264,700 acre-feet. Normal storage is about one tenth that volume. Recreation is limited. There is no access to the water. All land surrounding the reservoir, except a small day-use area with picnic facilities and a scenic overlook, is the property of Santa Ana Pueblo, with restricted access.


Transverse or Sideflow Weirs
When the water depth at the weir junction exceeds the surcharge level (RL 1) the weir functions as an orifice i.e. the exponent is 0.5. The discharge coefficient for the orifice flow conditions is computed internally in the Hydraulics layer. An equivalent pipe automatically replaces the weir for the duration of surcharge.
Stability problems can be encountered at weir junctions. If this happens or is suspected of happening, the weir may be represented as an equivalent pipe. To do this, equate the pipe and weir discharge equations, e.g.,
 (m/n)AR(2/3)S(l/2) = CwWH(3/2)
 where m = 1.486 for units of feet and 1.0 for units of metres.
 n = Manning's n for the pipe
 A = Cross-sectional area
 R = Hydraulic radius
 S = Hydraulic grade line for the pipe
 H = Head across the weir
 Cw = Weir discharge coefficient
 W = Weir length


text:
Water is a major part of our everyday lives, whether it be in the water we drink or in the products we consume and use. Our team understands the wide range of applications of progressive cavity pumps in water treatment.
Working principle of screw pump
Application of screw pump in water treatment plant
Screw pump products are used in all aspects of water treatment plants.
WATER TREATMENT PLANTS
Tips: Screw pumps are widely used in water treatment plants
Screw pumps are widely used in sewage treatment plants to transport water, wet sludge and flocculant liquids because of their variable water supply, strong self-priming ability, strong reversibility, and ability to transport liquids containing solid particles.


text:
OOPS! Helpful or Hurtful Activity (GROUP)
In the Conscious Discipline School Family, both students and adults commit to being safe and helpful. For children, it is important to discuss exactly how to practice safety and helpfulness at school.
With this OOPS! Helpful or Hurtful Activity (GROUP), you'll prompt elementary students to reflect on the difference between helpful and hurtful actions, then make a commitment stating how they will be safe and helpful in the School Family.
- Differentiating between helpful and hurtful behavior, practicing safety and helpfulness, learning from mistakes
- Teaching elementary school children how to be helpful and safe in the School Family
- Instructions with teacher script and single-sided printout
- Printed instructions and teacher script
- Printed Commitment activity

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
As a participant in SOS, students will:
- Meet weekly with a peer mentor for support and guidance.
- Take an assessment to help identify strengths as well as factors that may have contributed to poor academic performance.
- Develop a personal action plan and goals for the semester.
- Develop skills to help achieve academic success this semester and sustain it in future semsters.
- Identify and utilize campus resources.
All students participating in SOS are expected to:
- Attend all classes.
- Meet weekly with SOS peer mentor for support and guidance.
- Meet regularly with an academic advisor.
- Communicate frequently with their course faculty.


X-data
Contents
X-data (short for eXtra-data) is a smart way of dynamically extending existing content types with more fields.
The idea is to basically define new fields and decide to what content type those fields should be applied to. If no content type is selected while creating an X-data, those fields will be enabled to all content types.
In Content Studio, X-data is visually displayed as a new step in the form, listed below the content type's standard fields.
The tasks and examples in this chapter are based on work done in previous chapters (starting with the sandboxes chapter). If you want to follow along with the examples, make sure you're all caught up.
Your first X-data
If your requirement is to add new fields to a specific content type, it doesn't make sense to use X-data, since you can directly update that content type.
Now, if your requirement is to add new fields to multiple content types, that is when X-data comes into place.
The same behaviour of extending multiple content types can be achieved through mixins. You can create a mixin and add it to the content types you want to extend the fields. The difference is where the data on those fields will be stored, and also in the fact that X-data are easier to maintain when adding to a lot of content types.
Let's now add a "notes" X-data, which will extend both Artist and Animal content types.
Similar to content types, X-data schemas have a specific naming and placement convention within your app: src/main/resources/site/x-data/<xdata-name>/<xdata-name>.xml.
 1. Create the "notes" X-data schema:
 site/x-data/notes/notes.xml
 <x-data>
 <display-name>Notes X-data</display-name>
 <form>
 <input name="notes" type="TextLine">
 <label>Notes</label>
 <occurrences minimum="0" maximum="3"/>
 </input>
 </form>
 </x-data>
 2. Additionally, you need to define the injection rules for the X-data, and for that you need to edit the site.xml file:
 src/main/resources/site/site.xml
 <site>
 <x-data name="notes" allowContentTypes="com.example.myapp:artist|com.example.myapp:animal"/>
 <form/>
 </site>
 3. Redeploy your app and access a Artist or an Animal content. You should see the following section in the bottom of the form:
 Notes x-data fields showing in the bottom of an animal content
 4. Finally, add some notes to some content.
For more details and configuration options for X-data, visit the X-data documentation.
Headless
As you might expect, your x-data fields are also available via the Guillotine API.
Use the following query to quickly access all x-data fields in your content.
Querying for X-data
{
 guillotine {
 queryDsl(
 query: {
 boolean: {
 must: [
 {
 term: {
 field: "type",
 value: {
 string: "com.example.myapp:animal"
 }
 }
 },
 {
 term: {
 field: "displayName",
 value: {
 string: "Lynx"
 }
 }
 }
 ]
 }
 }
 ) {
 displayName
 xAsJson
 }
 }
}
If you've added any values to your Lynx's Notes X-data fields, this is what you might get.
X-data results
{
 "data": {
 "guillotine": {
 "queryDsl": [
 {
 "displayName": "Lynx",
 "xAsJson": {
 "com_example_myapp": {
 "notes": {
 "notes": [
 "Lynx note 1",
 "Lynx note 2",
 "Lynx note 3"
 ]
 }
 }
 }
 }
 ]
 }
 }
}
Should you require specific fields only, or wish to drill into more details, for instance by following a reference, use the typed graphQL fields instead of xAsJson. For instance like this:
X-data seoTitle field query
{
 guillotine {
 queryDsl(
 query: {
 boolean: {
 must: [
 {
 term: {
 field: "type",
 value: {
 string: "com.example.myapp:animal"
 }
 }
 },
 {
 term: {
 field: "displayName",
 value: {
 string: "Lynx"
 }
 }
 }
 ]
 }
 }
 ) {
 displayName
 x {
 com_example_myapp {
 notes { (1)
 notes (2)
 }
 }
 }
 }
 }
}
1 This is the name of the X-data. In this case, "notes" because we defined it to be like so in the notes.xml file
2 This is the "notes" field (TextLine input type) inside the "notes" X-data.
If you made it here - you are officially equipped with an essential overview of Enonic's content fundamental content modelling capabilities. 🙌
Bonus: SEO Metafields
There's a known app on Enonic market named SEO Metafields app. Its main purpose is to provide SEO capabilities to your project, and for that purpose, it adds a new X-data named meta_data, which is then enabled to all content types in your project.
This is a bonus section, so you're not missing much to skip it, but it's worth installing it to better understand capabilities of X-data.
 1. Install the SEO Metafields app.
 Install SEO Metafields app
 2. Edit and add the app to your project.
 3. Immediately after adding the app to your site, the form should refresh - and add a new step "SEO Metafields":
 So, now you have some additional fields for the site. If you check some of your other content items, like an animal. You will see the fields are there as well.
SEO fields available for the animals content type as well.
Contents
Contents


Jump to content
Moving spheres from origin point to closest mesh/face/vertex
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Hello!
My scenario:
- An OBJ file containing several meshes (cube, cones, monkey head, etc) all touching each other
- A sphere (or more than one) created off to the side of the imported mesh.
My objectives are:
- Determine the closest point on the imported mesh from the sphere.
- Create another Sphere at that point.
The end result is a sphere on the surface of the imported mesh.
Before I started playing with Babylon JS, I had tried Three JS. I found a small routine that would do this. Now I'd like to do the same thing in Babylon. Here's the Three JS.
 // This function is called first. it accepts datapoint as a parameter. datapoint is the sphere that is off to the side of the imported model.
 function updateClosestPointPosition(datapoint) {
 var p = datapoint.position;
 var geom = partmodel.geometry; // cone.geometry

 var closestDistance = 1e9; // Don't understand 1e9 to be honest
 var closestFace = geom.faces.forEach(function (face) {
 var normal = face.normal;
 var va = geom.vertices[face.a];
 var vb = geom.vertices[face.b];
 var vc = geom.vertices[face.c];
 var pd = normal.dot(p.clone().sub(va));
 // move p -(pd - td) units in the direction of the normal
 var proj = p.clone().sub(normal.clone().multiplyScalar(pd));
 // closest point of proj and the triangle
 var cp = closestPointToTriangle(proj, va, vb, vc);
 if (cp.distanceTo(p) < closestDistance) {
 closestDistance = cp.distanceTo(p);
 closestPoint.position.copy(cp);
 closestPoint.position.y.toString() + ',' + closestPoint.position.z.toString() + ',';
 }
 })
 function sameSide(p1, p2, a, b) {
 var ab = b.clone().sub(a)
 var ap1 = p1.clone().sub(a)
 var ap2 = p2.clone().sub(a)
 var cp1 = new THREE.Vector3().crossVectors(ab, ap1)
 var cp2 = new THREE.Vector3().crossVectors(ab, ap2)
 return cp1.dot(cp2) >= 0
 }
 function pointInTriangle(p, a, b, c) {
 return sameSide(p, a, b, c) && sameSide(p, b, a, c) && sameSide(p, c, a, b)
 }
 function closestToSegment(p, a, b) {
 var ab = b.clone().sub(a)
 var nab = ab.clone().normalize()
 var n = nab.dot(p.clone().sub(a))
 if (n < 0) return a
 if (n > ab.length()) return b
 return a.clone().add(nab.multiplyScalar(n))
 }
 function closestToSides(p, sides) {
 var minDist = 1e9
 var ret
 sides.forEach(function (side) {
 var ct = closestToSegment(p, side[0], side[1])
 var dist = ct.distanceTo(p)
 if (dist < minDist) {
 minDist = dist
 ret = ct
 }
 })
 return ret
 }
 function closestPointToTriangle(p, a, b, c) {
 // if the point is inside the triangle then it's the closest point
 if (pointInTriangle(p, a, b, c)) return p
 // otherwise it's the closest point to one of the sides
 return closestToSides(p, [[a, b], [b, c], [a, c]])
 }

Is there an easy way to do this in babylon js or do i need to work on some conversion?
Here's the playground I started: _URL_
The playground uses two spheres.
Unfortunately I am not sure how to do this offhand.
Thank you for the assistance!
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I ran through the documentation on facet data and used it to construct a function that seems to work for me.
function GetNearestPoint(currentSphere) {
 var nearestMesh, nearestFacet, facetPos;
 var projected;
 var distance = 0;
 var shortestDistance = _PHONE_;
 meshes.forEach(function (mesh) { // meshes is an array containing the mesh and its "sub meshes"
 var facets = mesh.getFacetLocalPositions()
 if (facets.length > 0) {
 facets.forEach(function (facet) {
 distance = BABYLON.Vector3.Distance(currentSphere.position, facet);
 if (distance < shortestDistance) {
 nearestFacet = facet;
 shortestDistance = distance;
 nearestMesh = mesh;
 }
 });
 }
 });
 projected = BABYLON.Vector3.Zero();
 var index = nearestMesh.getClosestFacetAtCoordinates(nearestFacet.x, nearestFacet.y, nearestFacet.z, projected);
 return projected; // use this set of coordinates to construct the newer/closer sphere
}
Thanks for the help, everyone!
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text:
How do I create a name badge label in Word?
Create and print a page of different labels
- Go to Mailings > Labels.
- Select Options.
- Select the type of printer you're using.
- Select your label brand in Label products.
- Select the label type in Product number.
- Select OK.
- Select OK in the Labels dialog box.
- Type the information you want in each label.
How do I make name badges from Excel?
How to Make Name Badge Labels From an Excel List
- Open Microsoft Word.
- Click on "Letters and Mailings" in the Tools menu, then click "Mail Merge Wizard."
- Click on "Labels" in Step 1 of the Mail Merge wizard, and then click "Label options" in Step 2 of the Mail Merge wizard.
How do I create a name tag template in Word?
How to Make Name Tags in Microsoft Word
- Launch Microsoft Word, click the "Office" button at the top left, then "New."
- Enter "name tag" in the search box and click the search arrow.
- Manually enter each person's name and other information for each name tag.
- Click the "Mailings" tab in the top menu of Word.
How do I print double sided name badges in Word?
Create a Two-sided Nameplate
- First and foremost, open your Word to create a new blank document.
- Click "Page Layout" on the "Menu Bar".
- Then click "Margins" in "Page Setup" group.
- Next choose "Custom Margins" on the list-menu.
- Now the "Page Setup" dialog box will pop up.
- Click "Margins" option first.
How do I print Labels from Excel without Word?
Follow the below steps to print single address label from excel without word.
- Use the excel sheet, which has a tiny macro to rearrange the column data to the printable address labels.
- Enter data into column A.
- Press CTRL+E to start the excel macro.
- Enter the number of columns to print the labels.
How do you make a beautiful name tag?
How to Create Custom Name Tags
- Click one of the "Create Name Tags Now" buttons to launch our graphic design editor.
- Browse our database of beautifully create name tag templates or select a blank canvas.
- Start to customize your name tags by adding your logo, brand colors, changing images, fonts, and your text effects.
How do you make homemade gift tags?
Try a simple square, or rectangle, or taper towards one end for a handmade luggage tag. Cut out shapes or images from your selected gift wrap or magazines. Stick the shapes on the card. Punch a hole in the top and thread through the string, and tie into a bow or a simple knot.


text:
EVE Online Drones - Your Little Helpers
Drones are your little helpers in EvE Online. Those semi-automatic little crafts can perform a variety of tasks, from providing you with additional firepower to repairing your fleet or salvaging wrecks.
Table of contents
- Drone Bay
- Drone Control Range
- Combat Drones
- Electronic Warfare Drones
- Logistics Drones
- Salvage Drones
- Mining Drones
To use drones your ship has to have a drone bay, the bigger the bay the more or bigger drones you can use. You can find information about the drone bay in the attributes tab of the ships. Drone bay is a space exclusively for drones, you cannot put anything else inside.
With drones loaded in your drone bay, you will notice a new UI element which tells you what drones you have in your drone bay and which ones are currently in space. Through here you can launch your drones and command them when in space. This window will also show you how badly damaged your drones are (just like normal ships, drones have shield, armor and hull hitpoints).
Bandwidth is a ship attribute that determines your ship ability to control your little helpers which is measured in Mbit/sec. The bigger the drones are, the more bandwidth they need and you can only deploy as many drones as your ship bandwidth can handle. You will often see ships that can carry way more drones than they can actually handle in space which gives them more choice and options when it comes to drone selection. The maximum amount of drones is determined by your Drones skill. For example, if you have Drones at level V but your ships bandwidth allows you to launch only four you will have to work with four AI buddies. This works both ways, if your ships bandwidth allows you to launch more than five drones you won't be able to (this usually means that this ship is designed with more advanced drones in mind).
Looking for EVE Online Ships?
Check out the deals at our market!
Drone Control Range
Drone control range is the area from your ship that your drones can operate in. Base range is 20km but it can be increased greatly by Drone Avionics and Advanced Drone Avionics skill. You can enhance the range even more with proper modules and rigs such as Drone Link Augmentor or Drone Control Range Augmentor rig.
EvE Online drones are divided into 5 different types and combat drones are further divided into 7 subcategories. We will briefly go through all of them.
- Light Scout Drones - smallest combat drones used on frigates, destroyers, and cruisers. They take up to 5m3 of your drone bay space and 5Mbit/sec bandwidth
- Medium Scout Drones - Taking up 10m3 of space and 10Mbit/sec bandwidth
- Heavy Attack Drones - Largest pre-carrier combat drones. Heavy Attack Drones take up 25m3 and 25Mbit/sec bandwidth. Preferably used against battleships or bigger targets.
- Sentry Drones - They take as much space and bandwidth as Heavy Attack Drones but instead of engaging and orbiting their targets, Sentry drones deploy where they have been launched and shoot their targets from long range. Those robotic snipers have bigger ranges and falloffs than their heavy attack counterparts but have very low tracking speeds and are immobile once launched
- Fighter and Fighter Bombers are frigate-sized robots that do cruiser levels of damage that can be deployed only by carriers. Fighters can pursue targets through the warp which makes them extremely dangerous. Fighter Bombers, however, are meant for one thing only - destroy capital ships or structures.
Buy Now at €3,50 Office Professional Plus 2019.
Come and take advantage of this opportunity!
Electronic Warfare Drones
Electronic Warfare Drones are your mobile EWAR modules designed to tackle or incapacitate enemy ships using various electronic warfare measures. There is a drone for every type of EWAR: Tracking Disruption, Electronic Countermeasures, Sensor Dampening, and Target Painting. Additionally, you will find Energy Neutraliser drones that drain your enemy capacitor and Stasis Webifier drones that will slow your target down.
Logistics Drones - Repair bots that will fix your shield, armor, or hull depending on which drone you'll choose.
Salvage Drones - Drones that replace salvage modules, they will find scraps of useful material in enemy wrecks
Mining Drones - they mine asteroids (shockers!)
Drone combat has the highest skill requirement from all the types of weapons but considering their versatility and the fact that drones are often running along your main weapon skills it's worth getting into. There are also modules that can enhance the performance of your drones for each type of slot.
- Drone Link Augmentor: increases drone control range by 20km (very good for sentry drones)
- Drone Control Unit: carrier exclusive module that allows you to launch one extra drone
- Drone Navigation Computer: Increases your drone speed by 25%
- Omnidirectional Tracking Link: Increases your drones' tracking speed and optimal/falloff weapon range. Just like turret tracking computer, this module can be loaded with scripts to enhance the performance of the module in certain areas.
- Drone Damage Amplifier: increases damage of your drones by 16%
- Omnidirectional Tracking Enhancer: increases tracking speed and weapon range.
I hope you learned something about EvE Online drones from this brief guide. Drone combat is a very wide topic with lots of nuances, we have only covered the bare basics of it. Be sure to check our site often for more detailed guides in the future.


text:
Going On a Shape Hunt: Integrating Math and Literacy
Integrating mathematics and literacy allows students to develop an understanding of the place of mathematics in their world. Students are introduced to the idea of shapes through a read-aloud session with an appropriate book. They then use models to learn the names of shapes, work together and individually to locate shapes in their real-world environment, practice spelling out the names of shapes they locate, and reflect in writing on the process. This lesson provides opportunities to engage students using many different learning modalities.


Figure 3: Schematic energy model of the n-type semiconductor/electrolyte interface before (a) and after (b) the establishment of equilibrium. The presence of surface states in the semiconductor is neglected. 𝐷 r e d and 𝐷 o x correspond to the distribution functions of the density of states for reduced and oxidized species, respectively, of the redox system (the energy distribution of reduced and oxidized species is different due to different solvation; 𝜆 is the reorganization energy). Φ, 𝜒, and IE are the work function, electron affinity, and ionization energy, respectively, of the semiconductor (index S) and of the electrolyte (index E).


text:
Henry Moore is recognized as the single most important figure in the history of British art during the last century and his work has been of critical importance internationally for more than sixty years. Moore's sculpture was initially highly representational, but he gradually moved toward a vocabulary of organic, simplified forms, frequently drawn from nature — including rocks and bones. In this piece, Moore has abstracted the human form and the shape of the sculpture changes greatly as the viewer moves around it.
Henry Moore. Bronze Form, cast 1985. Bronze, 150 x 98 x 69 inches. Gift of Fred and Lena Meijer. © The Henry Moore Foundation/ Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York / ADAGP, Paris


Why Are my Matters Not Assigned Sequential Client Numbers?
 - Why are Client Numbers being skipped?
 - Clio Manage
Additional Information:
Can I Change the Client Number That's Used in Matter Numbering?
The Client Number component in Matter Numbering pulls from a number that is assigned to each Contact when they are added to Clio. If a Contact does not have a Matter, their number will be skipped.
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About the Author
Arson Can Destroy Communities
Guest, May 7, 2013 | Public Safety
By Jeff Garfin, Fire Inspector
Arson is a difficult crime to prove. Many fires that are categorized by an investigator to be "undetermined" are often times arson.
Arson in Edina:
- Edina does not have the arson problem that larger cities have, but arson does exist in our city.
- From small fires in garbage cans, dumpster fires and playground equipment fires, to school fires and even structure fires, we do have arson in Edina.
- Any incendiary (arson) fire costs all of us, not just financially, but it also bruises the pride we all share in living or working in Edina.
Arson is a crime against every Minnesotan!
- The motives behind arson are often curiosity, vandalism, concealing another crime, excitement, revenge, insurance fraud or arson for profit.
Arson in Minnesota:
- Arson destroys more than buildings – it can devastate a community. Arson ranges from youngsters setting nuisance fires to a full-blown crisis with a serial arsonist. An arson conviction can result in a fine of up to $35,000 and/or up to 20 years in prison.
- In Minnesota, there were 1,122 identified, purposefully set (incendiary) fires in 2011. The value of property destroyed was estimated at more than $8 million.
- Arson was the fourth leading cause of fire in Minnesota in 2011.
- Fires in residential properties accounted for 65 percent of all incendiary fires reported in 2011 with a dollar loss of more than $5 million.
Arson Over Time:
- In the last 23 years, incendiary fires caused 56 deaths and more than $333.7 million in property loss in Minnesota alone.
- Incendiary fires must continue to be addressed through such efforts as the Arson Reward Program, the Arson Suspect Pointer System and Juvenile Fire setter Intervention Programs.
What You Can Do:
- Get involved in a neighborhood watch program. Neighbors can reduce the likelihood of arson by promoting neighborhood watches, educating people about recognizing and reporting unusual activity and improving neighborhood security.
- If you have information about an arson, call the arson tip line at _PHONE_.
Youth Fire setting:
- If a child in your life demonstrates an interest in fire that concerns you, there are resources available.
- If you suspect, or find evidence that a child is setting even small fires, seek help. Fire play is not a normal part of childhood.
- Nationally, children under 18 set more than half of all arson fires.
- Fire setting behavior is often a symptom of a problem and may be manifested through stress and crisis in children's lives.
- This is a good blog post about preventing youth fire setting.
For more information:


Question: What Does Moi Mean In Dutch?
What does moi mean in text?
Mothers Of InventionInternet Slang, Chat Texting & Subculture (2) Organizations, Education Schools etc.
( 3) Technology, IT etc (4) MOI — Mothers Of Invention..
What Dutch means?
What does TOP mean in Dutch?
More meanings for top. top noun. topje, bovenstuk, hoofd, spits, kruin. summit noun. toppunt, piek, summum, kruin, punt.
Does Moi mean me in French?
moi → me, it's me, speaking.
What does Moi mean medically?
Mechanism of InjuryMechanism of Injury (MOI) Definition.
What language is moi?
NigerianMoimoi or Moin-Moin is a Nigerian steamed bean pudding made from a mixture of washed and peeled black-eyed peas, onions and fresh ground red peppers (usually a combination of bell peppers and chili or Scotch bonnet). It is a protein-rich food that is a staple in Nigeria.
What are the 4 types of behavior?
What is Moi in human behavior?
 Moi is a person's basic identity. …  Most often, we think that human persons are just actors in the whole process of the shaping of selves. MEAD AND VYGOTSKY  For Mead and Vygotsky, the way that human persons develop is with the use of language acquisition and interaction with others.
What does lekker bezig mean?
nice busyLekker Bezig literally translates into English as 'nice busy' and denotes the feeling of accomplishment someone has whilst pursuing a particularly engaging activity.
Is bliksem a swear word?
bliksem – strike, hit, punch; also used as an expression of surprise/emphasis (rude; many consider the word a profanity). It derives from the Dutch word for "lightning", and often occurs in conjunction with donner. Used as a curse in Afrikaans: Jou bliksem!
What causes human Behaviour?
Behavior is also driven, in part, by thoughts and feelings, which provide insight into individual psyche, revealing such things as attitudes and values. Human behavior is shaped by psychological traits, as personality types vary from person to person, producing different actions and behavior.
What does going Dutch mean sexually?
to "go Dutch" or to have a "Dutch treat" is to eat out with each person paying for their own bill, possibly from a stereotype of Dutch frugality.
What are Dutch traits?
Happy people. The Netherlands is ranked fifth in the World Hapiness Report. … Greetings. When Dutch people meet for the first time they shake hands. … Direct approach. Dutch people do not beat around the bush and will often speak their minds. … Punctuality. … Unannounced visit.
What is your name in Dutch?
Basic Dutch PhrasesGood MorningGoedemorgenkhoo-duh-mawr-ghuhWhat's your name? (formal)Hoe heet u?hoo hayt ewWhat's your name? (informal)Hoe heet je?hoo hayt yuhMy name is (I'm called)…Ik heet…ik hayt…I am…Ik ben…ik ben49 more rows
What does Bokkie mean in South Africa?
bokkie – (diminutive of bok, literally meaning "goat" or "doe") a popular term of endearment, comparable to "sweetheart", "honey", etc.
Can you live in the Netherlands without speaking Dutch?
Answer: No, not if you live in a multinational city like Amsterdam. In general, everyone speaks pretty good English so you can get around just fine without knowing a word of Dutch. However, if you're trying to live in the Netherlands, it will be important to learn Dutch so that you can integrate into the culture.
Do Dutch speak English?
Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. English in the Netherlands, according to research, can be spoken by 90% to 93% of the Dutch population. … Dutch's genealogical proximity to English is also noted as a significant factor since both languages are closely related West Germanic languages.
What are the three types of human Behaviour?
What does the word moi mean?
Moi is the French word for 'me'
What lekker means?
– Lekker: An Afrikaans word meaning superb or fantastic which is applied equally to a person, object or event.
Are Dutch and German the same race?
Nederlanders) or the Dutch, are a West Germanic ethnic group and nation native to the Netherlands. They share a common ancestry, culture and speak the Dutch language….Dutch people.NederlandersCanada1,112,000Australia336,000Germany128,000Belgium121,00026 more rows


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For a greener lawn … and a greener planet
Persist™ Green Bull is a liquid lawn and garden fertilizer containing a powerful blend of iron, nitrogen, and Persist's proprietary PAF liquid. The result is a significantly greener, stronger, and more robust lawn and garden.
Purchase from our online store.
Also available on Amazon.com
PAF is the difference maker!
There are many fertilizers on the market, but only Green Bull contains all-natural PAF liquid. This is the key to its superior performance. PAF converts the iron and nitrogen in Green Bull into "plant available" forms, allowing roots to more easily uptake these key nutrients. This leads to the desired 'instant greening' affect customers have reported when using the product
Persist PAF also contains readily degradable organic acids and compounds that microbes use for metabolism, enhancing both the diversity and population of beneficial microorganisms in the soil. A robust microbiome is crucial to rich, fertile, and productive soils.
Your purchase from Persist helps protect the planet.
Green Bull is made by VGrid, an innovative clean energy company producing sustainable electricity from agricultural and forestry waste. Its proprietary biomass energy process also creates a unique liquid blend of organic acids and compounds called PAF, a key ingredient in Green Bull. Additionally, VGrid's Persist premium biochar stabilizes and sequesters 3x its weight in atmospheric carbon for over 1,000 years, helping to reverse climate change.
Green Bull is even more effective when combined with Persist Biochar, which increases water retention and rebuilds decimated, drought-stricken soils.
Mixing 10-20% biochar in soil …
- Retains moisture up to 6x longer than soil without biochar
- Significantly enhances beneficial microbial activity
- Improves soil structure, porosity, and aeration
- Binds and holds nutrients within the root zone
- Helps reverse climate change by sequestering 3x CO2


ipetrik ipetrik - 8 months ago 56
R Question
changing x/y column without editing original ggplot command
(I will be using the
mtcars
dataframe from the
gcookbook
library.)
Let's say I generate the following plot:
p <- (ggplot(mtcars, aes (col = factor(cyl), x = wt, y = disp))
+ geom_point (shape = 19)
+ geom_text (aes(y=disp+0.1,label=hp), size = 2.5, vjust=0)
+ stat_smooth(method=lm))
plot(p)
enter image description here
Is there anyway I can change, for instance, the
x
or
y
or
col
, without having to go back and edit the original?
For instance, lets say I want to change
x
to
mpg
and
col
to
gear
. I'd like to just run something like,
p + ggplot(aes=aes (col = factor(gear), x = mpg))
plot(p)
but the first command gives the error:
Error: Don't know how to add o to a plot
Is there any way to change what columns are used in the plot without having to go back and edit the original command?
Answer Source
To change the overall aesthetics for the plot, you can do:
p + aes(color = factor(gear), x = mpg)
To change the aesthetics of specific layers you can manually change the object p by assigning new variables. This seems fragile, though.
To change the aesthetic mapping for the geom_text layer in your example:
p$layers[[2]]$mapping$label = mtcars$wt
p$layers[[2]]$mapping$y = mtcars$disp + 2


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Large Flanges used for Welding Metals with Good Thermal Conductivity
The welding of large flanges can also be called large welded flanges. Two large welded flanges, between which gasket seal is inserted, can be used for connecting the end of one pipe to the end of another pipe. Bolts can be used through the holes of two welded flanges for fastening such two flanges. Welded flanges are disc-shaped parts, which are commonly used in pipeline construction.
During welding process for metals with good thermal conductivity, large flanges require very high upset speed (150-200mm/s). As for welding the same metals, the greater temperature gradient of joint area becomes, the quicker cooling speed of the joint will be; at the same time, increasing upset speed is also required. Upsetting force per unit area can be expressed by upsetting pressure. Upsetting pressure should be appropriate for ensuring extrusion of liquid metals from internal surface of joint area and certain plastic transformation at contact area.
Too low upsetting pressure will result in insufficient deformation and decreased strength of welding joint, while too high upsetting pressure will cause severe deformation, excessive crystal grain bending degree and decreased impact toughness of welded joint. Because higher flash welding speed will result in greater temperature gradient, metals like copper and alloys with good thermal conductivity should be welded through high upsetting pressure (150-400Mpa) imposed on special steel flanges.
Apart from abovementioned factors, preheating flash butt welding should also take preheating temperature and preheating time into consideration. Preheating temperature varies with cross section of workpieces and material properties. During the welding process for low-carbon steels, the preheating temperature should not be more than 700-900 °C.
Since large flanges have good integrated performance, they are widely applied in foundation engineering, such as chemical engineering, construction, water supply, water drainage, petroleum, light and heavy industry, refrigeration, sanitation, heating engineering, fire protection, electric power, spaceflight, shipbuilding and so on.


text:
An extremely rare phenomenon, where a cloud produces a billowing wave pattern. They occur when there is a strong vertical shear between two air streams, causing winds to blow faster at the upper level than at the lower levels.
- Height of base: Can be any height, but usually at higher levels.
- Shape: A repeating breaking wave pattern.
- Latin: These clouds are named after Hermann von Helmholtz and William Thomson, Lord Kelvin, physicists who studied turbulent airflow. There is no Latin etymology.
- Precipitation: None.
What are Kelvin-Helmholtz clouds?
Resembling evenly spaced rolling ocean waves, Kelvin-Helmholtz are one of the most striking and rare cloud types.
How do Kelvin-Helmholtz clouds form?
They occur when two different layers of air in our atmosphere are moving at different speeds (a phenomenon known as shear). When the upper layer of air is moving at a higher speed than the lower-level air, it may scoop the top of an existing cloud layer into these wave-like rolling shapes.
Kelvin Helmholtz instability is a scientific phenomenon not exclusively associated with clouds. It can occur wherever there is a velocity difference across the interface between two fluids. The most obvious example is wind blowing over water, in which fast-moving air can create the waves on the slower-moving water.
What weather is associated with Kelvin-Helmholtz clouds?
The clouds are more likely to occur on windy days. They are often good indicators of aircraft turbulence.


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Mosaic Rudenko - Little Red Riding Hood
Object: Rearrange the pieces to solve the puzzle Difficulty: Level 8 - Demanding Brand: Roscreative Type: Other Misc Puzzles Dimensions: 4.3 in x 4.7 in x 0.4 in / 11 cm x 12 cm x 1.1 cm
Warning! The puzzle of this package is all in Russian. The instructions are in Russian as well. I have translated the instructions here as best as I can.
The game offers a pleasant way to spend time
develops logical thinking
promotes the development of motor skills and coordination
develops the imagination
trains the memory.
Mosaic consists of sixteen tiles. Each tile - a fragment of the total picture. The goal: assemble a picture by moving the tiles on the slots. At the bottom of the game are clues. Rules of the game: two-way game. Assemble a picture on one side, flip the game on the other side and collect the new picture. One side: Little Red Riding Hood is the path to the house to her grandmother. Rearrange the tiles so that Little Red Riding Hood travels in the opposite direction.
Second side: Alternately, place one of the babies in blue or red circle.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
In one-of-its-kind effort to conserve the snake from extinction, the Jim Corbett National Park has made mandatory for the forest department employees to adopt the methods to curb the declining number of snakes in the state.
As per the directive issued by the Chief Wildlife Caretaker, Dr Srikanat Chandola, forest department employees including the security staff will have to go through training sessions at Corbett Training Centre, Kalagarh to learn the procedures followed in protection of snakes.
Considered as the most persecuted of all animals, snake killing fails to come to a halt. With the destruction of habitat due to urban sprawl, deforestation and pollution, the snake count has drastically reduced leading to the extinction of its several species.
Gauging the importance of this carnivorous reptile in maintaining a healthy ecosystem, the caretaker has resolved to make training as a compulsory part of the curriculum. Under this, lessons and practical training will be given to forest police for controlling snake killings in the state.
Along with this, departmental officers and workers will be taught about the ways to prevent killing of snakes.
It is worth mentioning that out of 270 species of snakes in the country, 70 are found in Uttarakhand. Snakes are the indicators of the healthy ecosystem. They help to control rodent pests from destroying crops and helps in preparing life saving drugs.
However, following the lack of awareness amongst the masses, Additional Chief Forest Conservator, Jai Raj, in the year 2008, took an initiative in this direction. Helpline numbers were launched and NGOs were involved in the rescue operation. In this effort 94 workers of 37 departments were trained to protect snakes.


The Importance of Following Up with Your GP After Hospital Discharge
After Hospital Discharge
After discharge from a hospital stay, whether it's for surgery, illness, or injury, the road to recovery doesn't end the moment you leave the hospital. One of the most crucial steps in ensuring a smooth and successful recovery is following up with your General Practitioner (GP).
At Cannonvale Medical Centre and Skin Cancer Clinic, we emphasize the importance of post-hospitalisation follow-up care to help our patients in the Whitsundays regain their health and prevent complications.
Why Follow-Up Appointments Matter
 1. Continuity of Care: Follow-up visits with your GP ensure that the care you received in the hospital continues seamlessly. Usually your GP will have access to your hospital records and can provide the necessary continuity of care, addressing any ongoing health issues.
 2. Monitoring Recovery: During your follow-up appointment, your GP can monitor your recovery progress, check for any signs of complications, and adjust your medication and treatment plan as needed. This monitoring is vital for identifying and addressing any issues early.
 3. Medication Management: Hospital stays often involve new medications or changes to your existing prescriptions. Your GP will review your medication regimen, ensuring you understand how to take your medicines correctly and checking for any potential side effects or interactions.
 4. Addressing Questions and Concerns: Hospital discharge can leave you with many questions about your recovery, medication, or follow-up care. Your GP can answer these questions, provide reassurance, and give you the information you need to manage your health effectively at home.
 5. Preventing Readmission: Regular follow-up appointments can significantly reduce the risk of readmission to the hospital. By keeping a close eye on your recovery and addressing any issues promptly, your GP can help you avoid complications that might otherwise require another hospital stay.
What to Expect During a Follow-Up Appointment
Your follow-up visit with your GP will typically involve several key components to ensure you're on the right path to recovery:
 1. Review of Hospital Records: Your GP will review the details of your hospital stay, including the treatment you received, any procedures performed, and the discharge instructions provided by the hospital.
 2. Physical Examination: A thorough physical examination allows your GP to assess your current health status and check for any signs of complications or new health concerns.
 3. Discussion of Symptoms: You'll have the opportunity to discuss any symptoms or concerns you've experienced since your discharge. Be sure to mention any pain, discomfort, or changes in your condition.
 4. Medication Review: Your GP will review your current medications, ensuring you understand your prescription regimen and addressing any side effects or potential interactions.
 5. Planning Next Steps: Based on your progress, your GP will outline the next steps in your recovery plan. This may include additional tests, referrals to specialists, or adjustments to your treatment plan.
Preparing for Your Follow-Up Appointment
To make the most of your follow-up visit, it's helpful to be well-prepared:
 1. Bring Your Hospital Discharge Papers: Having your hospital discharge papers handy will provide your GP with essential information about your hospital stay and the care you received.
 2. List Your Medications: Make a list of all the medications you're currently taking, including dosages and schedules. Include any over-the-counter medications, supplements, or herbal remedies.
 3. Note Your Symptoms: Keep a record of any symptoms or concerns you've experienced since your discharge. This can help your GP address specific issues during your appointment.
 4. Prepare Questions: Write down any questions or concerns you have about your recovery, medications, or follow-up care. This ensures you don't forget to ask important questions during your visit.
Medication Management, Cannonvale Medical Centre and Skin Cancer Clinic – Whitsundays
Conclusion
Following up with your GP after a hospital discharge is a critical step in ensuring a successful recovery.
At Cannonvale Medical Centre and Skin Cancer Clinic, we are committed to providing comprehensive post-hospitalisation care to our patients in the Whitsundays. By attending your follow-up appointments, you can ensure that your recovery is on track, prevent complications, and achieve the best possible health outcomes.
For more information or to schedule a follow-up appointment, contact Cannonvale Medical Centre and Skin Cancer Clinic today. Your health is our priority.
Cannonvale Medical Centre and Skin Cancer ClinicWhitsundays' Trusted Healthcare Partner
Taking the time to follow up with your GP can make a significant difference in your recovery journey. At Cannonvale Medical Centre, we're here to support you every step of the way.
Let's work together to ensure you return to optimal health as quickly and safely as possible.
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Creating a WMI Class
In WMI, a class is an object that describes some aspect of an enterprise, such as a special type of disk drive. After you have created a class definition, write your provider DLL to supply instances of the class, property data, and execute methods defined for the class. Scripts and applications can then obtain data or control the device. For more information, see Developing a WMI Provider.
Note
To ensure that all your WMI class definitions for managed objects are restored to the WMI repository if WMI has a failure and restarts, use the #pragma autorecover statement preprocessor instruction in your MOF file.

Base Class
A base class represents some general concept. For example, the CIM_CDROMDrive class represents all types of CD-ROM drives in WMI, and contains general properties that describe all kinds of CD-ROM drives. For more information, see Creating a Base Class.
A derived class inherits properties and methods from another class. A derived class usually represents a specific case of a base class. For example, the Win32_CDROMDrive class represents a CD-ROM drive on a Windows system. The Win32_CDROMDrive class is based on and inherits many of properties from CIM_CDROMDrive. However, Win32_CDROMDrive, like other derived classes, can have additional properties that make the derived class unique. For more information, see Creating a Derived Class.
Properties and Methods
Creating a class means defining the properties that describe that class. You can also define methods that manipulate the object represented by the class.
Generally, a property represents an aspect of the object, such as a serial number for a device or a size in bytes for a process, while a method represents an action that changes the state or behavior of the device or logical entity.
Each class must have at least one key property. While a class may have multiple keys, you cannot create an instance of a class with more than 256 keys.
Designing Managed Object Format (MOF) Classes


text:
wikiHow is a "wiki," similar to Wikipedia, which means that many of our articles are co-written by multiple authors. To create this article, 83 people, some anonymous, worked to edit and improve it over time.
This article has been viewed 663,468 times.
Halloween draws nigh, and if there's any bird that symbolizes the Halloween spirit, it's the watchful owl, who sits at his perch high overhead as the undead, headless horsemen, witches, and hobgoblins make their nighttime rounds from house to house in search of sugary treasures. Besides its spooky ties to Halloween, the owl is traditionally known as a wise creature, and was one of the symbols of Athena, the Greek goddess of wisdom. Best of all, drawing an owl is easy and fun!
Drawing an Owl on Paper
1Sketch the owl. Lightly draw a small oval for the head. Continue with a mango-shaped oval for the body. Next, draw vertical and horizontal lines inside the head oval, into 4 sections. Continue with the feet, drawing two small round shapes. Draw the shape for the wing, and add a tree branch where the owl is standing. For the tail, make a slightly curved line behind the branch.
2Sketch the details of the owl's head. Draw the chin, beak, eyes, and ears. Continue with curved lines to shape the owl's body.Advertisement
3Add more details to the owl's head. Sketch short jagged lines for texture along the outline of the owl's body as "guiding lines", and draw two talons for each foot.
4Draw feather texture. Draw additional short lines all over the owl's body, following the guiding lines. Add the texture by quickly stroking the pencil downwards, repeatedly.
5Continue with short strokes that follow the guiding lines and shape of the body. Add light strokes over the areas of the owl that would likely be shaded.
6Finish the drawing with important last touches.
- Shade the pupils solid dark, while lightly shading the iris.
- Draw additional tiny strokes around the eyes to enhance the feathers around it. Continue this motion for the entire body.
- Erase the guiding lines.
- Add some details to the tree branch.
Drawing an Owl Digitally
1Draw a large oval. It doesn't have to be perfect, but try to make it about twice as tall as it is wide. Draw a circle on top for the head, followed by vertical and horizontal lines inside the circle. making 4 sections.
2Sketch the details of the owl's head. Draw the chin, beak, eyes, and ears.
- Have fun with the eyes, if you want—you can make a serious owl, with in the middle straight ahead; an owl looking at something, by drawing the pupils pointed left or right; or a goofy, cross-eyed owl.
3Add "guiding lines" for the body, feet, and wings. Guiding lines create the basic shape of the drawing.
4Trace over the owl sketch with a darker brush to make the outline more neat and visible.
- Omit or add more details to the drawing as you go, for example a tree branch the owl is standing on.
- Experiment with backgrounds using a different layer.
5Make few short lines using a smaller brush to create a feather texture.
- Add optional lines for details to the tree branch or other background.
6Select the colors you want for the owl. Color in the owl on another layer of the drawing.
7Add shades and highlights to add depth to the drawing.
8Finish the drawing by adding colors or other figures to the background.
QuestionHow do I draw a chicken?Community AnswerThere is an article for that. Just type: How to Draw a Chicken.
QuestionHow can I improve my owl drawing?Community AnswerJust keep practicing, and you will get better.
QuestionHow can I make it more like a snowy owl?Top AnswererMake the owl as it is illustrated in part 2, but leave the face without any detail, except for the eyes and small beak. Also, do not add the ears to the owl, as snowy owl ears are less pronounced.
Use colored pencils for more detail.
Add lines for more details and add different shades of the color for affect.
Putting a branch under it makes it look better.
Things You'll Need
- Template shapes if necessary
- Colored pencils, crayons, etc
- Pencil Sharpener
About This Article
"To draw an owl, start by lightly sketching a small oval for the head and a larger oval for the body. Next, draw two small, round shapes for the feet, the wing shape, a tree branch for the owl to stand on, and a slightly curved line behind the branch for the tail. Add details to the owl's head, like the eyes and beak. Then, create curved lines and feather texture for the body. Lastly, add shading and color to bring your drawing to life! " For tips on drawing an owl digitally, read on!


Friday, 9 March 2012
A proun by El Lissitsky
If you're looking to enhance your experience of abstract art, you may want to consider spending some pre-gallery time watching a horror film. Kendall Eskine and his colleagues Natalie Kacinik and Jesse Prinz have investigated how different emotions, as well as physiological arousal, influence people's sublime experiences whilst viewing abstract art. Their finding is that fear, but not happiness or general arousal, makes art seem more sublime.
The art work was four paintings by the Russian abstract artist El Lissitsky, each made up of simple geometric shapes and lines. Each painting was shown for thirty seconds and participants rated their experience of the art in terms of how inspiring it was, stimulating, dull, exciting, moving, boring, uninteresting, rousing/stirring, imposing, and forgetful. These factors were intended to tap into Edmund Burke's conception of the sublime: "that state of the soul in which all its motions are suspended... so entirely filled with its object."
The main result is that participants who'd watched the scary video clip tended to rate the art as more sublime than did participants in all the other conditions. By contrast, ratings given by participants in the other conditions didn't differ from each other. This suggests fear plays a special role in the sublime experience of art. Arousal may have played a lesser part - across conditions, participants' arousal scores correlated with their sublime ratings of the art.
Why should feeling afraid enhance the sublime power of art? "The capacity for a work of art to grab our interest and attention, to remove us from daily life, may stem from its ability to trigger our evolved mechanisms for coping with danger," the researchers said. "Art is not typically described as scary, but it can be surprising, elicit goose bumps, and inspire awe. Like discovering a grand vista in nature, artwork presents new horizons that pose challenges as well as opportunities." They added that future research is needed to explore the aesthetic effects of other emotions and to test emotional effects on different types of art.
Eskine, K., Kacinik, N., and Prinz, J. (2012). Stirring images: Fear, not happiness or arousal, makes art more sublime. Emotion DOI: 10.1037/a0027200
Post written by Christian Jarrett for the BPS Research Digest.
 1. The caption to the image is incorrect. That's not "A pronoun", it's a Proun piece.
 1. thanks Gruff, that's now corrected.
 2. Anonymous8:23 p.m.
 Hmmmmm..... Not sure! I own a contemporary art gallery.... Come visit us the way you want! The emptiest, the better! We will help you!
 3. Makes sense to me, and it reminds me of the fact that it seems to be easier for people, who survived a trauma, accident or sickness to reach this certain understanding that you need Ideals to live a meaningful life.
 But I am not a fan of horror movies and I hope they are not necessary. But it's interesting where all the zombies and vampires come from these days. I saw a documentary called "The American Nightmare" which examines the nature of 60s and 70s American horror films and how they reflected contemporary American society. You can watch it here: Tough stuff...but very interesting. "All that bad karma, it has to go somewhere."
 4. Anonymous7:58 p.m.
 Awesome! I've been suspicious of this all of my life, specifically as it pertains to music.
 Seeing the 'One' video by Metallica while in the 3rd grade was pretty jarring for me...and opened my mind to a whole new world of music. And throughout all of my years growing up, I found myself enjoying music on a different, higher level if there was element of fear in it (whether it be the music itself, or even just the band's persona, etc).
 Perfect example: the band 'Ghost' (flavor of the month these days) plays 70's tinged rock music, nothing over the top. They do, however, sing about Satan and hide their identities behind hooded robes (save for the singer's 'dead pope' costume).
 I would credit their appeal solely to this element of darkness and fear. I think this element suspends the propsensity to judge, and opens you more to experience.
 5. This seems a little bit like cognitive dissonance to me. The people who were scared are coming down from that anxiety, and falsely attribute it to the art instead of the passage of time / removal of the aversive stimulus.


text:
POMEROY — It was in 1847 — 165 years ago this month — after a major fire struck Pomeroy, that a small group of men got together to organize the Pomeroy Fire Department, one of the first volunteer units in the State of Ohio.
Those first dedicated volunteer fire fighters, who had watched as a section of Pomeroy burned, set up stations in four sections of town, and for the next 50 years operated what might be described as a bucket brigade to fight fires that occurred.
Near the turn of the century, The Barckoff Organ Co. moved into town and built a factory just off Spring Avenue in Pomeroy, which was then a growing and prosperous community. Barckoff wanted good fire protection, and to get it, his company provided the first real fire-fighting equipment for the Pomeroy Fire Department.
It consisted of a steam pumper and a hose wagon and reel. The equipment was stored in the ward houses, and the horses to pull it were stabled at the rear of the old Pomeroy Village Hall located on a lot adjacent to what is now the New Beginnings Methodist Church on Second Street.
In those early years when a fire struck, the tolling of the courthouse bell signaled the volunteer firemen to their posts. Records show that by 1908 the department had 77 volunteers on its roll. About that time, more equipment was purchased to serve the population of the village which then exceeded 7,000.
The department purchased its first piece of mechanized equipment in 1929 —a Seagraves pumper.
Many things have changed in the 165 years since that first group of volunteers organized into a fire department. In the 1960s, the three companies merged into a main department headquartered in the old village hall building on Second. In the mid-1970s the move was made into a new brick building on Butternut Avenue which today houses modern fire equipment, along with providing a meeting room and recreation space.
Over the years, Pomeroy has had perhaps more than its share of major fires destroying blocks of downtown businesses. Records show that in 1851, about one-third of the business buildings in the middle block of Pomeroy's Main Street were destroyed. Just five years later, another major fire struck destroying many stores in the middle and lower blocks of the village. But business was good, the population was growing, and there was a flurry to rebuild and enjoy the prosperity of the times.
The next major fire came on a hot August morning in 1927. That fire started in the Priode Livery Stable on Second Street, which at the time was located near the building later occupied by Powell's SuperValu. It spread rapidly through the frame buildings on that block and then jumped across the street to consume all the buildings on the lower blocks of Second Street. It destroyed the work of a lifetime for many businessmen.
Among the buildings destroyed were the Ewing Funeral Home, the G. W. Burson three-story brick hardware building, the J. R. Stark Tailor Shop, Pride Livery and Storage Stable, Sam Lathey Second Hand Store, the Root Brothers Tin Shop, a shoe repair shop opened by Philip Meier, the Huber Brothers soft drink establishment, the John Bentz Blacksmith Shop, O. H. Myers Store, barn and residence. Other building gutted were the Gribble building, office of "The Democrat," Pomeroy's newspaper at the time, the stock building of C. S. Curtis, D. H. Peoples' prosecuting attorney's office, Sargeant's Restaurant, Phillip Sommer's Shoe Shop, and Charles Dow's Architect office.
When it was all over, the view from just above Butternut Avenue to Mulberry was one of smoking shambles and a few brick walls, according to Katie Guth's account to this reporter some 20 years ago. Then 92, she had worked in one of the businesses destroyed that day. While reminiscing about the devastation wrought she displayed newspaper clippings she had preserved about what she described as the "great fire."
Other fires have struck Pomeroy but none were as destructive as those in 1851, 1856 and 1927. Much of the credit for that goes to the volunteers of the Pomeroy Fire Department which this year observes its 165th anniversary.
In the mid-1970s when the Butternut Avenue building was constructed the department had two pumpers, relatively new, a brush truck, a rescue truck and a boat. In 2008, they added a new $617,000 ladder truck purchased with federal fire act grant money from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA.)
Many things have changed since that group of volunteers organized the Pomeroy Fire Department 165 years ago, but one thing has remained constant — that sense of security residents have in knowing there is a group of firefighters ready to respond.


Don't Start a Sentence if You Don't Know How It Ends
If you find you stick your foot in your mouth more often than not, weblog Stepcase Lifehack recommends strengthening your brain-mouth filter by thinking of the end of your sentence before you speak.
Nowadays, a lot of people seem to talk just to make noise. If that sounds like you (don't worry, I'm one of those people too), take this simple tip: Don't start a sentence if you don't know how it's going to end.
That was one of my biggest struggles when I started to consciously improve my interpersonal skills. There is this thrill of talking out of nothing, just to have your voice heard. I may say a stupid thing, but what the heck, at least I will make myself heard. What a dumb (and actually easy to avoid) mistake.
The thin interest that you may generate will soon turn into laughter or just plain ignorance. Mean what you say and know exactly how it will turn out before putting it into words. While it looks like it may add some salt and pepper to the conversation by introducing some sort of randomness, speaking without really knowing what you say will only ruin the other part expectations. They're talking to you because they're searching for meaning, not for randomness.
This, essentially, helps you keep an eye on that brain-mouth filter everyone always tells you to improve, and it will keep you from saying things that are at best, stupid, and at worst, mean or hurtful. The flip side of us likely overapply this idea. Sometimes you need to make a leap and just see where you land. Ultimately, it depends on the kind of person you are. Hit the link to read more, and let's hear what you feel applies more to you in the comments. Photo by Jennzebel.
5 Simple And Obvious Tips For Better Communication | Stepcase Lifehack


Peter Karman > Search-Tools-0.93 > Search::Tools::Snipper
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Module Version: 0.93 Source Latest Release: Search-Tools-1.002
Search::Tools::Snipper - extract terms in context
 my $query = [ qw/ quick dog / ];
 my $text = 'the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog';
 my $s = Search::Tools::Snipper->new(
 occur => 3,
 context => 8,
 word_len => 5,
 max_chars => 300,
 query => $query
 print $s->snip( $text );
Search::Tools::Snipper extracts terms and their context from a larger block of text. The larger block may be plain text or HTML/XML.
new( query => query )
Instantiate a new object. query must be either a scalar string or a Search::Tools::Query object
Many of the following methods are also available as key/value pairs to new().
Called internally by new().
as_sentences Experimental feature
Attempt to extract a snippet that starts at a sentence boundary.
The number of snippets that should be returned by snip().
Available via new().
The number of context words to include in the snippet.
Available via new().
The maximum number of characters (not bytes! under Perl >= 5.8) to return in a snippet. NOTE: This is only used to test whether test is worth snipping at all, or if no terms are found.
See also show() and ignore_length().
Available via new().
The estimated average word length used in combination with context(). You can usually ignore this value.
Available via new().
Boolean flag indicating whether snip() should succeed no matter what, or if it should give up if no snippets were found. Default is 1 (true).
If no matches are found, the first max_chars of the snippet are returned.
Available via new().
Boolean flag indicating whether snip() should escape any HTML/XML markup in the resulting snippet or not. Default is 0 (false).
Available via new().
Boolean flag indicating whether snip() should attempt to remove any HTML/XML markup in the original text before snipping is applied. Default is 0 (false).
Available via new().
The CODE ref used by the snip() method for actually extracting snippets. You can use your own snipper function if you want (though if you have a better snipper algorithm than the ones in this module, why not share it?). If you go this route, have a look at the source code for snip() to see how snipper() is used.
Available via new().
There are different algorithms used internally for snipping text. They are, in order of speed:
Just grabs the first max_chars characters and returns it, doing a little clean up to prevent partial words from ending the snippet and (optionally) escaping the text.
Fastest for single-word queries.
Most accurate, for both single-word and phrase queries, although it relies on a HeatMap in order to locate phrases.
See also the use_pp feature.
offset (default)
Same as re but optimized slightly to look at a substr of text.
The regular expression algorithm. Will match phrases exactly.
The name of the internal snipper function used. In case you're curious.
Boolean flag indicating whether the snipper() value should always be used, regardless of the type of query keyword. Default is 0 (false).
Available via new().
The number of snips made by the Snipper object.
Boolean flag indicating whether multiple whitespace characters should be collapsed into a single space. A whitespace character is defined as anything that Perl's \s pattern matches, plus the nobreak space (\xa0). Default is 1 (true).
Available via new().
use_pp( n )
Set to a true value to use Tokenizer->tokenize_pp() and TokenListPP and TokenPP instead of the XS versions of the same. XS is the default and is much faster, but harder to modify or subclass.
Available via new().
Boolean flag. If set to false (default) then max_chars is respected. If set to true, max_chars is ignored.
Available via new().
Boolean flag. If set to true (default), individual terms within a phrase are considered a match. If false, only match if individual terms have a proximity distance of 1.
snip( text )
Return a snippet of text from text that matches query plus context() words of context. Matches are case insensitive.
The snippet returned will be in UTF-8 encoding, regardless of the encoding of text.
Peter Karman
Thanks to Atomic Learning for sponsoring the development of this module.
Copyright 2006 by Peter Karman.
syntax highlighting:


MESA logo
 Aquaculture in Australia
SW14 Home | Teaching Ideas | Seaweek Events | Seaweek Backgound Information
Mariculture in Australia
What marine species are farmed in Australia?
There are over forty species being commercially produced in Australian aquaculture, most of the production comes from species which can be exported and sold for high prices.
The top five species are tuna, pearl oysters, salmon, edible oysters and prawns. Other species that are of high value or potential include abalones, brackish water or marine fish (barramundi, trouts, snappers, yellowtail kingfish, mulloway, groupers, etc.), mussels, marine sponges, mud crabs and sea cucumbers.
Other important species are freshwater fish (barramundi, trouts, Murray cod, silver perch, jade perch, sleepy cod, etc.)and ornamental fish (for aquaria). These are not covered in this unit.
Top five species in Australia
What makes a species suitable for mariculture?
The two major factors for farming marine species are:
- The profit available from farming the species
- The ease of breeding and growing the species
The profit available from farming the species
This depends on how much it costs to grow the species and how much it can be sold for. Species which are in high demand overseas are the most profitable.
The ease of breeding and growing the species
Other important marine species in Australia
This depends on many factors including:
 - Established methods being available for breeding the species;
 - Being able to keep the animals in large numbers in a relatively small space (high population density);
 - Species which can grow quickly, eat artificial diets and having a good food-conversion ratio. They should also produce a suitable amount of useable food compared to their overall size.
 - Species which are not aggressive or do not eat each other.
 - Species which are hardy and resistant to diseases
 - Species should cause minimal environmental impact if released into the wild. For example, predation or competition with local fauna; changing of genetic make-up or introduction of disease into surrounding populations
Food Conversion ratio
This is a measure of how efficiently an animal can convert its feed into body weight.
Sheep and cattle are not very efficient, it takes about 8 kg of feed for them to increase in weight by 1 kg. Farmed salmon can increase in weight by 1 kg by eating 1.2 kg of feed.
More information on these factors will be available in the case studies of individual species.
Source: "Aquaculture" produced by the National Marine Science Centre
Next: Types of mariculture
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1,000-calorie lunch of 100 calories from the starter salad plus 900 pasta calories, or if they would eat 100 fewer calories of pasta, effectively canceling out the added calories from the salad.
In fact, the subjects consumed more than 200 fewer calories of pasta after the salad course. They consumed 100 calories from the salad and reduced pasta intake by 200 calories. In essence, one could say the salad had a net result of "negative" 100 calories. The Penn State study showed that preloading a meal with high-water, low-calorie-density vegetables can effectively reduce 100 calories from a meal.
The researchers repeated the experiment, adding a fatty dressing and extra shredded cheese, which quadrupled the salad's calorie density. Eating this higher fat salad as a first course did not result in a reduction in calorie consumption. Instead, the total calories consumed was over 1000. Studies on preloading show that eating about a cup of food with 100 calories before a meal decreases subsequent intake by about 100 calories. As such, to achieve a "negative calorie" effect, the first course would need to contain fewer than 100 calories per cup. Most fresh fruits and vegetables fall into this range, but a dinner roll, for example, does not. Figure 1 indicates the calorie density of some common foods.
When study subjects were given a large apple to eat before that same pasta meal, rather than consuming about 200 fewer calories, they consumed more than 300 fewer calories.(22) In effect, this means that the caloric "value" of an apple depends on when it is eaten. If consumed before a meal, it could essentially have a negative 200 calories due to the reduced intake in the main meal.
A similar result occurred when subjects were given vegetable soup as a first course: premeal soup consumption resulted in a dramatic decrease in calories consumed in the main meal. What's more, one study that tracked people's intake throughout the day found that overweight subjects randomized to prelunch vegetable soup not only consumed less at lunch, but intake at dinner 7 hours later was reduced by 100 calories as well.(23)
It has also been found that drinking 2 cups of plain water immediately before a meal resulted in a 20% reduction in food intake, resulting in more than 100 fewer calories consumed,(24) and overweight men and women randomized to 2 cups of water before each meal lost weight 44% faster than the control group.(25) So, "negative calorie" preloading—simply starting a meal with foods containing fewer than 100 calories per cup, such as many fruits, vegetables, soups, salads, or just a tall glass of water—may be able to accelerate the loss of body fat.
Foods That Enhance Weight Loss
How might that first-course salad boost weight loss even further? With the activation of an enzyme known as the "fat controller."(26) The discovery of 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is considered one of the most important medical breakthroughs in the past few decades.(27) The enzyme can be activated through exercise,(28) fasting,(27) and nicotine,(29) and the pharmaceutical industry is investigating drugs than may activate the enzyme. Some persons with obesity may be "unwilling to perform even a minimum of physical activity," wrote a group of pharmacologists, "thus, indicating that drugs mimicking endurance exercise are highly desirable."(30) As such, according to a researcher, "it is crucial that oral compounds with high bioavailability are developed to safely induce chronic AMPK activation [for] long-term weight loss and maintenance . . ."(31) However, such a compound does not need to be developed. Vinegar is already readily available at any grocery store.
When the acetic acid in vinegar is absorbed and metabolized, a natural AMPK boost is achieved. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial on the effects of vinegar intake on the reduction of body fat in overweight men and women,(32) subjects were randomized to drink a daily beverage containing either 1 or 2 tablespoons of apple cider vinegar or a placebo developed to taste the same as the vinegar drinks but prepared with a different type of acid. Three months into the study, the placebo group gained body fat, whereas the 2 vinegar groups significantly lost body fat, as determined by computed tomography scan. Daily doses of only 1 or 2 tablespoons of vinegar (at a cost of pennies per day) led to significant weight loss without dietary change. For this reason, one might suggest 2 teaspoons of vinegar with each meal to accelerate weight loss, on salad or added to tea with lemon juice, for example.
The vinegar studies were not just randomized controlled trials, but placebo-controlled, as well. Some studies are not controlled at all. For instance, women asked to consume a ripe tomato before lunch every day for a month lost 2 lb, but without a control group, it is unknown what role, if any, the tomato played in the weight loss.(33) Simply being enrolled in a weight-loss study and knowing they will be weighed again in a month, for example, can motivate subjects to modify their diets.(34) Thus, although it is certainly possible that eating a tomato before a meal may contribute to weight loss, since it is 95% water and, as such, would effectively fill a fist-sized portion of the stomach with only about 15 calories,(35) a better study design is needed to assess its impact on weight loss.
More rigorous study designs include control groups. Subjects on a weight-loss diet randomized to 1 or 2 cups of low-sodium vegetable juice lost more weight than those given none,(36) for example, and when subjects in another study were randomized into 2 groups with 1 group given about 2 tablespoons of goji berries a day, those in the goji group lost 2.5 inches in waist circumference in 45 days, while the control group lost none.(37) Since the control group received no placebo, though, the placebo effect cannot be ruled out. However, some food items can be encapsulated, making double-blind, placebo-controlled trials easy to employ: spices.
For example, can garlic cause weight loss? Researchers gave subjects either garlic powder compressed into tablets or placebo pills and found that garlic resulted in a drop in both weight and waist circumference within 6 weeks.(38) The dosage used in the study was about 0.5 teaspoon of garlic powder a day, which would cost less than 4 cents. Even 2 cents' worth of garlic powder a day, 0.25 teaspoon, affected weight loss. About 100 overweight men and women were randomized to a quarter teaspoon of garlic powder a day or placebo, and those unknowingly taking the garlic lost about 6 lb of body fat over the next 15 weeks, significantly more than the placebo group (P = .02).(39)
Other common spices that have been found to facilitate weight loss include red pepper powder and ground ginger. Cayenne pepper can counteract the metabolic adaptation that results in a lower resting metabolic rate that accompanies weight loss(40) and also accelerate lipolysis,(41,42) and more than a dozen randomized controlled trials starting at only a quarter teaspoon of ground ginger daily showed significantly decreased body weight for just pennies a day.(43) Although ginger powder's efficacy has been demonstrated in placebo-controlled trials, these data remain relatively unknown, likely due to a lack of commercial potential.
For 3 cents a day, there is black cumin, which has shown much promise for weight loss and other health benefits."(44) A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials shows weight-loss efficacy with a daily quarter teaspoon.(45) In addition to its weight-loss benefits, daily black cumin consumption has been shown in randomized controlled trials to significantly improve cholesterol and triglycerides,(46) blood pressure,(47) and blood sugar control.(48) A simple suggested use for the spice is to put black cumin seeds in a pepper grinder and flavor foods as one might with black pepper.
More than a thousand articles have been published in the medical literature on black cumin, with some reporting lowering cholesterol levels as much as a statin drug.(49) Why, then, are both the spice and its health benefits still relatively unknown? Why aren't students learning about black cumin in medical school? One reason may be insufficient profit motive. Black cumin is a common, natural spice that cannot be patented, and a useful dose can be bought for less than 3 cents a day.
Black cumin is distinct from regular cumin, the second most popular spice on earth,(50) which has also been found to be a weight-loss booster. Subjects randomized to a half teaspoon of cumin at both lunch and dinner over 3 months lost approximately 4 lb in weight and about an inch in waist circumference (P = .005).(51) The spice was found comparable to the obesity drug known as orlistat,(52) a drug that inhibits dietary fat digestion (and therefore absorption), which has the possible side effect of "anal leakage" if a low-fat diet is not consumed. The "anal leakage" drug sold as Alli,


text:
|This article does not cite any references or sources. (December 2009)|
Whitaker was named for his grandfather Jared Irwin, a former Governor of Georgia. In 1861, he was elected to the mayor's office in a contentious election the saw him defeat three-term incumbent mayor William Ezzard. However, Whitaker did not finish his term, instead being appointed as Commissary General of Georgia's state troops during the war. He was succeeded as Mayor of Atlanta by Thomas Lowe on December 13, 1861.
Starting in 1864, Whitaker published an Atlanta newspaper, The Daily Intelligencer, and employed John H. Steele as editor. The newspaper was closed down in April 1871 as it was not able to compete financially with the larger Atlanta Constitution, which bought all of its mechanical equipment in June of that year.
Jared Whitaker is buried in Atlanta's Oakland Cemetery.
|Mayor of Atlanta
Thomas F. Lowe (acting)
|This article about a mayor in Georgia is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


text:
Wings 3D/User Manual/User Interface/The Information Line
The Information Line
The Information Line runs along the bottom of the main Wings window. This is probably the most important thing to keep your eye on, especially if you are new to Wings. The Information Line's main purpose is to display every possible button option available for any operation, tool, or menu item. Many of the tools and menu options have more than one function, and some of the more advanced options are only displayed in the Information Line. To display any menu item's possible options or described function, simply hover over the item with the mouse cursor.
The Information Line uses the letters L, M and R for the Left, Middle and Right mouse buttons. When several options are available for a tool, menu item, or during an operation, those options are displayed in the Information Line preceded by L, M, or R. Sometimes the user will be prompted to depress a Modifier Key in conjunction with the designated mouse button. Modifier Keys are often Control , , or , or sometimes a combination of two or more are used with the mouse buttons. There are other instances when Numeric or other keys are used to present option. In cases where Number Keys are used to change the result of a command, Do Not Use The Number Pad Keys. For Number Key Modifiers in the Information Line, use the Number Keys across the top of your keyboard instead.
IMPORTANT: The Information Line Displays Important Information About Tools, Menu Items and Other Options Available During An Operation. Remember To Always Keep An Eye On The Information Line.
Last modified on 29 July 2009, at 14:47


text:
Traffic studies in Iowa
Recently, Shauna Hallmark, transportation engineer, has been working on three Iowa traffic safety studies sponsored by the Iowa DOT. Tom McDonald, safety circuit rider, collaborated with her on two projects.
Milled-in rumble strips soon be painted over with edge line striping resulting in a "rumble stripe."
Edge line paint can lose its visibility after several months of service. Hallmark and McDonald are evaluating whether edge lines painted over rumble strips, otherwise known as rumble stripes, will improve edge line paint durability and visibility.
Rumble stripes have been installed on six county road sites as part of a research project that seeks to reduce the incidence and severity of run-off-road crashes. Test sites were chosen based on the Iowa DOT's list of the top 5 percent of road sections with run-off-road crashes from 2001–2006. Evaluations are taking place on local roads in several Iowa counties. Most test sections are on horizontal curves. Since most county roads do not have paved shoulders, the narrow rumble stripes will be installed along the pavement edge.
Along with the Iowa DOT, the project is sponsored by the Iowa Highway Research Board and FHWA.
"We're mainly looking for increased visibility of the paint line," says McDonald. "Increased noise or vibration from the rumble strip is a side benefit." During the first year after installation, the team will investigate the following:
- Wet weather visibility of rumble stripes versus traditional edge line painting
- Long-term durability of the painted edge line
- Driver travel distance from the edge line before and after installation of rumble stripes
An additional period of at least five years will be necessary to collect and analyze crash data valid for comparison with data collected before the installation of the rumble stripes.
Low-cost traffic calming techniques
The main street through many small rural Iowa communities is a state or county highway with high speeds outside the city limits and a reduced speed section through the rural community. Consequently, drivers passing through the community often enter at high speeds and then maintain those speeds throughout.
When speeds in rural communities are problematic, traffic calming provides a potential solution. Traffic-calming measures are generally used in larger urban areas, and their effectiveness in small communities is unknown.
- two gateway treatments in Union and Roland, Iowa, and
- five single-measure treatments (speed table, on-pavement "SLOW" markings, driver speed feedback sign, tubular markers, and on-pavement entrance treatment) in Gilbert, Slater, and Dexter, Iowa.
Data were analyzed 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the measures were installed.
Successful speed table in Gilbert, Iowa
- In Gilbert, a speed table was successful in decreasing speeds both immediately upstream and downstream of the speed table.
- In Union, the transverse markings appeared to be moderately effective in decreasing vehicle speeds directly downstream of the markings for all three locations, although none of the differences were large. The lane narrowing did not appear to be effective. Once the speed feedback signs were installed, significant speed decreases resulted.
- In Dexter, a "35 mph," on-street pavement marking and an 8-in. edgeline were installed. The treatments were effective in reducing speeds at all three of the locations where they were tested. The effectiveness varied over time. Nine months after installation, the effectiveness of the treatments appeared to decrease, most likely due to the fact that the markings had faded over time. The treatments were re-painted, and the effectiveness increased again at the 12-month data collection period.
- In Roland, the gateway entrance treatments, which consisted of converging chevrons and a "25 mph" on-street pavement marking, were reasonably effective. Speeds decreased at all of the data-collection locations, and decreases remained constant over the year-long data collection period.
- In Slater, results indicate that the longitudinal channelizers used to form a center island for the southern section of R-38 reduced speeds significantly. The driver speed feedback sign was also found to be effective in reducing speeds. Use of the on-pavement "SLOW" markings did not appear to be effective.
In many cases, even the most effective treatments only reduced mean and 85th percentile speeds by a modest amount. Their true effectiveness is their ability to significantly reduce the number of vehicles traveling over the speed limit.
For more information, visit _URL_
Front view of a red light running camera
Automatic red light running enforcement
A statewide analysis of red light running (RLR) crashes, using crash data from 2001 to 2006, indicates that an average of 1,682 red light running crashes occur at signalized intersections every year. As a result, red light running poses a significant safety issue for communities.
In Iowa, three communities have used camera enforcement.
Results of the research indicate that RLR cameras were very successful in reducing crashes related to red light running in Davenport and Council Bluffs.
- In Davenport, a 40 percent reduction in RLR crashes was found.
- In Council Bluffs, a 90 percent reduction was found. Total crashes also decreased at intersections with RLR camera enforcement.
Reductions in total crashes of 20 percent and 44 percent were found in Davenport and Council Bluffs, respectively.
The reduction in RLR violations was evaluated for Clive. However, a crash analysis could not be conducted since there was less than one year of crash data. The number of RLR violations for intersections with no RLR cameras was compared against RLR violations at camera-enforced intersections. Results of a statistical analysis indicate that on average, RLR violations were 25 times higher in locations without cameras than with cameras.
For more information, visit _URL_


text:
Date of Graduation
Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Design
Wildlife and Fisheries Resources
Stuart A. Welsh
Kyle J. Hartman
David I. Wellman
This thesis evaluates population characteristics of yellow perch ( Perca flavescens) in Cheat Lake, West Virginia, and is comprised of two chapters: 1) an introduction and literature review on the biology, ecology, and life history of yellow perch and studies regarding diet growth, and condition and 2) a study examining age and length, summer diet composition, and growth of yellow perch in Cheat Lake, West Virginia. Owing partly to recent mitigation of acidic conditions in the Cheat River watershed, populations of yellow perch and other fishes have increased in Cheat Lake. For this study, I evaluated age and length, summer diet composition, and growth for Cheat Lake yellow perch, providing useful information for management of the fishery. The sample (n=271) included individuals of a wide range of ages (0--9) and sizes (66--320 mm). Gender-specific differences in growth rate were observed beginning at Age-2. Females grew faster and attained larger maximum sizes than males. An information theoretic approach was taken to evaluate the applicability of various growth models. Four candidate models (von Bertalanffy, Gompertz, logistic, and power) were fitted to mean length-at-age data. The von Bertalanffy growth model was selected by AICc as the best approximating model, and data also provided some evidence supporting the Gompertz model. A combination of quantitative methods and multivariate statistics were used to evaluate differences in summer diet composition among Age-0, Age-1, and Age-2+ individuals. Ontogenetic diet shifts were observed. Zooplankton (primarily Copepods) was identified from all Age-0 individuals. Trichoptera and Chironomidae were the most important prey items for Age-1 yellow perch. Fishes were identified among the stomach contents from 41.5% of all Age-2+ individuals. Cheat Lake is one of a few reservoirs in West Virginia that supports a yellow perch fishery, and fishery-independent data from this study represent the first comprehensive assessment of this fishery. Baseline data for management and future stock assessments were provided by this investigation.
Taylor, Nate, "Assessment of Age, Diet, and Growth of Yellow Perch ( Perca flavescens) in Cheat Lake, West Virginia" (2013). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 211.


text: Some of the larger spate irrigation rank among the largest farmer managed irrigation systems in the world. The structures are sometimes spectacular: earthen bunds, spanning the width of a river, or extensive spurs made of brushwood and stones. Spate systems are made in such a way that ideally the largest floods are kept away from the command area. Very large floods would create considerable damage to the command area. They would destroy flood diversion channels and cause rivers to shift. This is where the ingenuity of many of the traditional systems comes in. Spurs and bunds are generally made in such a way that the main diversion structures in the river break when floods are too big. Breaking of diversion structures also serves to maintain the flood water entitlements of downstream land owners.


text:
have noticed the curdling did not happen as quickly with pineapple juice as with lemon juice—the enzymes need some time to activate—but within five minutes the milk should have looked very clumpy. Many enzymes are deactivated when heated. When you put the pineapple juice in the microwave, the enzymes will not work anymore. This is why no milk curdling occurs when you added the heated pineapple juice.
Filtering out the curd through a cheesecloth results in a whitish-yellow solution called whey, which consists of about 94 percent water and four to five percent lactose and whey proteins. The solid part, the curd, looks like cottage cheese—and it actually is! If you want to make it really tasty, look at the recipe below given in the "More to explore" section.
Pour all your solutions including the curdled milk into the sink. You can discard/recycle your cups or wash them with soapy water if you want to reuse them. Wipe down your work area with a wet paper towel.
More to explore
Milk Chemistry, from the Cheese Science Toolkit
Sculpted Science: Turn Milk into Plastic!, from Scientific American
Cottage Cheese Recipe, from The Weekend Artisan
Making Milk Curdle with Pineapple Enzymes, from Science Buddies
Science Activities for All Ages!, from Science Buddies
This activity brought to you in partnership with Science Buddies