"Powered by the best blood lines."
Hackney Stud "De Heemhoeve"
Torendijk 2
7495 PX Ambt Delden
tel. 074 - _PHONE_
E-mail _EMAIL_
History of the Hackney
Mathias, 1895
There are different views on the origin of the name Hackney. It probably originated from the Middle English word 'Hakene', which meant lady's mount. Another possibility is that it originates from the French 'haquenee', which means small horse. The Hackney descends from the Norfolk Trotter and the Thoroughbred. By the influential Thoroughbreds Flying Childers (1714) and Bartlett's Childers (1716) the blood of de famous Arabian stallion Darley Arabian (1700) is anchored in almost all the sire lines in the Hackney breeding.
The stallion Mathias (1895) played an important part in the breeding history of the modern Hackney.
The most distinctive characteristic of the hackney is probably the special gait it has. Hackneys have a large suspended trot, at which the forelegs are lifted up high and far to the front. Before the foot is put down, it 'holds back' for a moment in the air, which prolongs the suspension. For good reason they are called 'Ballerinas of horse show arenas' due to their elevated, elegant gaits.
With regard to Hackneys, a distinction is made between ponies (with height of the withers between 1.20 - 1.40 meter) and horses (from 1.40 meter, in practice usually between 1.55 - 1.65 meter).
Initially, the Hackney was used as a pack and riding animal. Due to its speed and great endurance, particularly in Great Britain the Hackney has been hitched up in front of a stage-coach for a very long time. Nowadays, the Hackney is mainly used for various show disciplines of the driving sports.


text:
Types of Mineral Water, Benefits of Italian
Various types of mineral water are classified based on the quantity of the mineral salts that predominate their chemical structure. There are officially 10 types defined in Italian water, each with precise mineral functions that are beneficial to our body's wellbeing:
– Bicarbonate, with levels superior to 600mg/l, have an anti-inflammatory function, are antispasmodic, and aid in digesting.
– Sulfate, with over 200mg/l, are slightly laxative and fight inflammation, and help with digestive and stomach disorders.
– Chloride, above 201mg/l, increases peristalsis and intestinal secretions.
– Calcium, with more than 150mg/l, is advantageous during pregnancy and for growth, also helping to stave off osteoporosis and hypertension.
– Magnesium, exceeding 50mg/l, is excellent against stress and constipation.
– Fluoride, +1mg/l, is useful in preventing cavities in teeth and decalcification in bones.
The list of types of mineral water is completed by ferruginous (with dual-purpose iron), and acidic (with free carbon dioxide at 250mg/l), both perfectly suited for anemia and gastropathy. Whichever you choose, know that beyond optimal quality and great taste lie factors that benefit health. These types are for living well!

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


the effect of attractive and repulsive forces between molecules. The molar van der Waals coefficients, avwm (Pam6/mol2) and bvwm (m3/mol), which approximate the effect of these forces for a particular gas, can be estimated from the critical temperature, Tcr (K), and critical pressure, pcr (Pa), data using Eq. 2 and 3.
 p + avwm 1vm bvwm6 = Rm T  vm
2 2 27 2 Tcr avwm = Rm 64 pcr
MEPro for TI-89, TI-92 Plus Chapter 13 - Equations - Gas Laws
Eq. 1
Eq. 2
109
F3: Equations/3: Gas Laws
1 Tcr bvwm = Rm 8 pcr
Variable avwm bvwm p pcr Rm T Tcr vm Example 13.3.2: Description van der Waals coefficient - molar van der Waals coefficient-molar Pressure Critical pressure Molar gas constant Temperature Critical temperature Molar volume
Eq. 3
Units Pam6/mol2 m3 /mol Pa Pa 8.3145 J/(molK) K K m3 /mol
K.A. Kobe and R.E.Lynn, Jr. (Chem. Rev., 52:_PHONE_) reported critical pressure and temperature values for CO2 as 7.39 MPa and 304.2 K. This data is also available in Reference under Crit.Data-Gases in Gases and Vapors. Determine whether the van der Waal coefficients for carbon dioxide listed in the CRC 73rd ed., can be used to approximate these same values. The molar van der Waal coefficients for CO2 listed in the CRC 73rd Ed (a, b) are 3.592 atm liters2/mol2 and 0.04267 liters/mol. The molar mass of carbon dioxide is 44.01 g/mol.
Entered Values
Computed Results
Solution Select the second and third equations to solve this problem. Given avwm = 3.592 atm l2/mol2 bvwm = 0.04267 l/mol Solution pcr = 7.40362 MPa Tcr = 303.962 K
13.3.3 Redlich-Kwong: Sp.Vol
The Redlich-Kwong equations of state (Chem. Rev., 44, 233, 1949) offer another method for accounting for inter-molecular forces of attraction and repulsion in calculating gas parameters. The first equation is a modified version of the ideal gas equation, p V=n Rm T. The second and third equations approximate the gravimetric (mass) forms of the Redlich-Kwong coefficients, arks Pam6/(kg2K0.5) and brks (m3/kg), from the critical pressure, pcr (Pa), and temperature, Tcr (K), of a particular gas. The last equation relates the molar mass, MWT (kg/mol), to the number of moles, N (mol) and total mass of the gas m (kg).
p=
Rm T arks .5 MWT vs brks T vs vs + brks
MEPro for TI-89, TI-92 Plus Chapter 13 - Equations - Gas Laws
110
Eq. 1
F3: Equations/3: Gas Laws
 Rm  Tcr arks =.4275   MWT  pcr
2 2 .5
Eq. 2
brks =.0867 MWT =
Variable arks brks m MWT N p pcr Rm T Tcr vs Example 13.3.3:
Rm Tcr MWT pcr
Eq. 3
m N
Description Redlich Kwong coefficient-mass Redlich Kwong coefficient-mass Mass Molar Mass No. moles Pressure Critical Pressure Molar Gas constant Temperature Critical Temperature Specific Volume
Eq. 4
Units Pam6/(kg2K.5) m3/kg kg kg/mol mol Pa Pa 8.3145 J/(molK) K K m3/kg
Calculate the Redlich Kwong coefficients for Argon and the specific volume at a pressure of 30 bars and a temperature of 190 K. The molar mass of Argon is 39.95 g/mol.
Entered Values
Computed Results
Solution Select equations 1, 2, and 3 to solve this problem. The critical temperature and pressure for several compounds, including argon are listed in Refrigerants-Cryogenic Properties in the Reference section of MEPro. The critical temperature is listed as 271.3 oR and the critical pressure is 709.8 psi. Given MWT = 39.95 g/mol p = 30 bar pcr = 709.8 psi T = 190 K Tcr = 271.3 oR Solution arks = 1.05527 kPa m6/kg2 K brks = 0.000556 m 3/kg vs = ._PHONE_ m 3/kg
MEPro for TI-89, TI-92 Plus Chapter 13 - Equations - Gas Laws
111
F3: Equations/3: Gas Laws
13.3.4 Redlich-Kwong: Molar
These equations are the molar form of the Redlich Kwong equations. The first equation is a modified version of the ideal gas equation, p V=n Rm T. The second and third equations approximate the molar forms of the Redlich Kwong coefficients, arkm Pam6/(mol2K) and brkm (m3/mol), from the critical pressure, pcr (Pa), and temperature, Tcr (K), for a specific gas.
p=
Rm T arkm vm brkm T vm vm + brkm
Eq. 1
arkm = brkm =
.4275 Rm2 Tcr 2.5 pcr .0867 Rm Tcr pcr
Description Redlich Kwong coefficient-molar Redlich Kwong coefficient, molar Pressure Critical Pressure Molar Gas constant Temperature Critical Temperature Molar Volume
Eq. 2
Eq. 3
Variable arkm brkm p pcr Rm T Tcr vm
Units Pam6/(mol2K.5) m3/mol Pa Pa 8.3145 J/(molK) K K m3/mol
Example 13.3.4: The molar Redlich Kwong coefficients for Helium (He) are listed on page 143 of Reference 1 the listed values are 8.168 kPa (m 3/kmol) 2 and 0.01655 (m 3/kmol) respectively. Verify that these values are consistent with calculations from critical pressure and temperature data for helium located in Reference/Refrigerants/Selected Materials.
Entered Values
Computed Results
Solution The values for critical temperature and pressure for Helium listed in Reference are 450oF and 33 psi, respectively. Select the second and third equations to solve this problem. Given pcr = 33 psi Tcr = -450 oF Solution arkm =8.68883 kPam6/kmol2K brkm = .000017 m3 /mol
MEPro for TI-89, TI-92 Plus Chapter 13 - Equations - Gas Laws
112
F3: Equations/3: Gas Laws
13.4 Reverse Adiabatic
These equations compute internal energy change per unit mass, us21 (J/kg), enthalpy change per unit mass, hs21 (J/kg), and work performed W12 (J), for an ideal gas undergoing a reversible adiabatic process. A reversible adiabatic process is also referred to as isentropic, i.e.: total entropy remains constant throughout the transition between initial and final states. Equations 1, 2, and 3 describe the relationships between pressure, temperature and volume for a reversible adiabatic process between initial state, p1 (Pa), V1 (m3), T1 (K), and final state, p2 (Pa), V2 (m3), T2 (K). Equations 4, 5 and 6 compute the work, W12, performed for a reversible adiabatic transition between the initial and final states. Equation 7 calculates the initial and final specific volumes, vs1 (m3/kg) and vs2 (m3/kg). Equations 8 and 9 compute the change in specific energy, us21 (J/kg), for an isentropic process. Equation 10 calculates the change in specific enthalpy, hs21 (J/kg), for a reversible adiabatic process. Equation 11 computes k, the ratio of the specific heats at constant pressure cp J/(kgK), and volume cv (J/(kgK)). Equation 12 relates molecular mass, MWT (kg/mol), to the number of moles, N (mol), and total mass of the gas, m (kg). Equations 13 and 14 compute the specific volumes of the initial and final specific volumes, vs1 and vs2. The final three equations are specific for an ideal gas. Equations 15 and 16 express the ideal gas law of the initial and final states for specific volume, vs1 and vs2. The last equation computes the specific heat at constant pressure, cp, for an ideal gas from the specific heat at constant volume, cp, and molar mass MWT.
  T 2  V 1 = T1  V 2
p1 V2 = p2 V1 T2 p2 = T1 p1


text:
Reduced order models for resonant viscosity and mass density sensors
Sprache des Titels:
A generalized reduced order model for resonant viscosity and mass density sensors is presented and experimentally verified. The reduced expressions for the resonance frequency and quality factor, respec- tively, are mathematically valid for in-plane oscillating plates, oscillating spheres and laterally oscillating cylinders. However, as shown for measurements obtained with a tuning fork resonator with rectangular cross-section, the model can also be applied for resonating structures, for which closed form solutions of the fluid structure interaction are not available. Benefits of the presented model are amongst others first, its simplicity, which requires no more than three calibration measurements for parameter identification and second, its general applicability for resonant mass density and viscosity sensors which furthermore facilitates the comparison of different resonant mass density and viscosity sensors in terms of sensitivity and measurement noise propagation.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Mammalogy team
This team, which focuses on the study of mammals, is divided into 2 groups.
The first group will concentrate on terrestrial mammals such as marsupials (kangaroos, couscous, etc.), bats and rodents.
It will operate in various ecosystem types, and at various altitudes. The targeted areas are :
 1. the surroundings of the Nusa Ulan village, from the coastal area to the summits of the nearby mountains,
 2. the surroundings of the Wanoma village and slopes of the Seraran anticline,
 3. the slope of the Berari anticline along Lake Sewiki,
 4. the Berari summit,
 5. the surroundings of the Lobo village to the summit of the Lamansiere range,
 6. the forest surroundings of Cape Tanjung Boi,
 7. the underground networks of the River Mbuta.
Sigit Wiantoro, mammalogiste, posant un filet pour capturer des chauves-souris © Jean-Michel Bichain
Sigit Wiantoro, mammalogist, setting a net to capture bats
© Jean-Michel Bichain
It will collect its samples using nests or local hunters. Only one sample of each will be euthanized, the others only collected for genetic analysis.
The second group will focus on the cetaceans met in the backrush or maritime waters, and will list the species encountered.
It will work on the same sites as the marine team :
 1. Kumawa, opposite the village of Nusa Ulan and the Karang Derdi cape,
 2. Southern part of the Pulau Adi island along the drop-off of the Tumbu Tumbu island,
 3. South-eastern area of the Triton bay along the drop-off of the Pulau Buasai,
 4. South-eastern area of the Etna bay along the drop-off of the Tanjung Boi Cape
and will mainly concentrate on visual observations and counting techniques. Tissues will be collected using appropriate techniques and crossbows.
Terrestrian team members
Team leader Anang Ahmadi Scientist Rodents, taxo., barcoding RCB-LIPI Indonesia
Aksamina M. Yohanita Scientist UNIPA Indonesia
Apandi Technician Sampling, referencing RCB-LIPI Indonesia
Gono Semiadi Scientist Taxonomy, barcoding RCB-LIPI Indonesia
Jean-Marc Porte photographer Photography*** IRD France
Nanang Supriatna Technician Sampling, referencing RCB-LIPI Indonesia
Sigit Wiantoro Scientist Bats, Sampling, barcoding RCB-LIPI Indonesia
Marine team members
Team leader Sophie Querouil Scientist Cetaceans, barcoding IRD France
Irma. Cascao Scientist Cetaceans, ethology Univ. Azores Portuga
Mira Scientist Cetaceans RCO-LIPI Indonesia


text:
|This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2009)|
In mechanical engineering, a fillet // is a rounding of an interior or exterior corner of a part design. An interior or exterior corner with an angle or type of bevel, is called a "chamfer". Fillet geometry, when on an interior corner is a line of concave function, whereas a fillet on an exterior corner is a line of convex function (in these cases, fillets are typically referred to as rounds).
- Stress concentration is a problem of load-bearing mechanical parts which is reduced by employing fillets on points and lines of expected high stress. The fillets distribute the stress over a broader area and effectively make the parts more durable and capable of bearing larger loads.
- For considerations in aerodynamics, fillets are employed to reduce interference drag where aircraft components such as wings, struts, and other surfaces meet one another.
- For manufacturing, concave corners are sometimes filleted to allow the use of round-tipped end mills to cut out an area of a material. This has a cycle time benefit if the round mill is simultaneously being used to mill complex curved surfaces.
- Radii are used to eliminate sharp edges that can be easily damaged or that can cause injury when the part is handled.
Fillets can be quickly designed onto parts using 3D solid modeling engineering CAD software by invoking the function and picking edges of interest. Once these features are included in the CAD design of a part, they are often manufactured automatically using computer-numerical control.
Different packages use different names for the same operations. CATIA, Vectorworks, Autodesk Inventor and Solidworks refer to both concave and convex rounded edges as fillets, while referring to angled cuts of edges and concave corners as chamfers. Unigraphics and CADKEY refer to concave and convex rounded edges as blends. Creo (formerly Pro/Engineer) refers to rounded edges simply as rounds. Other 3D solid modeling software programs outside of engineering, such as gameSpace, have similar functions.
Smooth edges connecting two simple flat features are generally simple for a computer to create and fast for a human user to specify.
- Visualization, modeling, and graphics for engineering design By Dennis Kenmon Lieu, Sheryl Sorby, Page 6-31


text:
About Spear — Fast Bit-Vector Arithmetic Theorem Prover
Spear is an industrial strength bit-vector arithmetic (a.k.a modular arithmetic, machine arithmetic) decision procedure and a Boolean satisfiability (SAT) solver. It's designed for proving software verification conditions, and it's the main tool Calysto uses for bug hunting. Spear is heavily optimized and tested. Spear was one of the first publicly available decision procedures to support all standard operators, including multiplication, division, variable shifts, and so on.
The key ideas behind Spear are:
- The encoding of circuits (bit-vector operators) to propositional logic is highly optimized. I used Tseitin transform, but that's less important, the choice of the actual circuit is much more important. For instance, for encoding division, I used array dividers, as they produce the smallest number of propositional variables. Operations by constants (multiplication, reminder, division) are encoded in a special way so as to minimize the size of the circuit (and the number of created Boolean variables)
- All the search parameters are modifiable over the command line. There are dozens of different parameters. In prior work, I've used this feature for automatic optimization of search parameters for different classes of problems. On some classes, such optimization achieves up to 500X speedups!
- The library interface of Spear (not publicly available) enables various novel optimization techniques, like reusing learned lemmas among multiple runs.
The tool is freely available for research usage and can be downloaded on the download page. Chances are (95%) that I will eventually open-source Spear and put it in the public domain. If you are interested to continue Spear development and/or using Spear commercially, please drop me an email.
I'm trying to keep Spear up-to-date, as much as I can. Unfortunately, I have very little free time these days and there are several known bugs that I just haven't had time to fix. I apologize for the inconvenience these bugs might be causing you.
- All search parameters are tunable on the command line.
- Predefined parameter sets for certain types of problems. If you find a set of parameters that works particularly well on a certain set of problems, please let me know, and I'll add it to the next release.
- Automatic parameter tuning for a specific application with ParamILS tool. See the tools page for details.
- Spear supports all standard modular arithmetic (bitvector) operators, including (un)signed division, remainder, shifting by variable number of spaces,...
- The front-end has been completely rewritten in v2.0, and there has been a number of other modifications. I do expect bugs to pop up, especially since I don't use that interface for my work (Calysto talks directly to Spear, via API).
- Mac OS X binary is dynamically linked, while all others are linked statically.
- Starting with v2.0, Mac OS X support will be discontinued. It amounts to less than 5% of downloads.
- Certain optimizations in v2.0 won't work on cyclic expressions. If you can, make sure your expressions are acyclic! For example, instead of:
d a:i1 Tmp1:i1
c Tmp1 ~ a
p = a Tmp1
Tmp1 is defined in terms of
a is equal to
Tmp1, try rewriting your formulas so as to be acyclic:
d a:i1 Tmp1:i1 Tmp2:i1
c Tmp1 ~ a
p = Tmp2 a
p = Tmp1 Tmp2
If you absolutely need to be able to have cyclic expressions, please send me an email, I'd really like to understand why do you need them. If you disable cse/simplify in Spear, most likely Spear will also swallow your cyclic formulas, but I'm not sure. Thanks to Evgeny Pavlenko for asking a question about this, which motivated me to write this comment.


text:
Some sources say that italian plurals come from the nominative case, so "italiano" has the plural "italiani", and "italiana" has the plural "italiane".
However some sources say that the words in italian come from accusative, just like in other romance languages. So "carro" (from latin carrum) has the plural "carri" (from latin carros > carroi > carri), and "rosa" (from latin rosam) has the plural "rose" (from latin rosas > rosai > rose). This sound change can justify why the plural of "amica" is "amiche" and not "*amice" (amicas > amicai > amiche, preserving the [k]). However it could be a hypercorrection considering that the singular keeps the [k] sound. Another word that may prove this accusative claim is the word "noi", from latin "nos", it's the same sound change. And the last point is that if a masculine word came from the nominative case, it would come from a "-us" ending, not a "-um" ending, so "carro" would come from "carrus", so it would be something like "*carros", maybe "*carroi" (> "carri"). Yet, nothing forbids, I believe, the fact that only the plural may have come from nominative, while the singular may have come from accusative. So, what do scholars say? Which theory is probably right?


The polling interval determines how often the endpoint sends its status and receives commands, for example, every 15 minutes or every hour. If needed, you can change the polling interval in Basic Configuration of the group's policy or you can force an immediate update as described in this procedure.
For more information, see Changing Policy Settings.
To force an update:
 1. From the endpoint, in the system tray, right-click the Webroot icon.
 2. From the drop-down menu that displays, select Refresh configuration.
 The system updates.


Could someone help me to identify the following spider-like insects? They are very small, so I used a macro lens to capture them. I have tried to capture them as clearly as possible.
They are about 2-3mm long with a black hairy head/belly.
enter image description here
They were collected from a closed section of Tseung Kwan O Landfill and Clear Water Bay Country Park of Hong Kong. This area is revegetated so the ecology is much like an area which contains many kind of trees.
Your Answer
Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question.


You may also like
problem icon
Walk and Ride
problem icon
You Tell the Story
Can you create a story that would describe the movement of the man shown on these graphs? Use the interactivity to try out our ideas.
Take Your Dog for a Walk
Congratulations to those of you who correctly answered this problem. Holly from Stoke by Nayland Middle School sent in this solution:
If the man gets closer to his house then the graph line gets lower and lower.
The slower the man walks the more curvy the line gets, if the man goes away from the house really slowly and then really slowly towards the house then you can make a curvy line.
To make it steeper you have to make him go faster and then when you are on the bend you stay still for a bit to make it smoother.
Dominic gives a concise answer:
To curve steeper you would have to walk faster and to curve shallower you would have to walk slower.


text:
We decided to present Jan Fricke's solution (thanks, Jan)
Lemma 1. Toggling a single lamp is possible, if and only if N and M are coprime, and M is odd.
Proof. Let N and M be coprime, and M be odd. Then there exists positive integers a and b such that aM - bN = 1. Since also (a + N)M - (b +M)N = 1, we can assume b is even. Now we can toggle a single lamp L in the following way: Use the tool for the lamps L,...,L+M-1, for L+M,...,L+2M-1, and so on until L+(a-1)M,...,L+aM-1. After that the lamp L is switched (b + 1) times, all others are switched b times.
Let N and M have a common prime factor p. Consider the p circles" each consisting by taking every p-th lamp. Since also M is divisible by p, any application of the tool switches the same amount of lamps in any of the p circles. So it is impossible to switch a single lamp.
Let M be even. For toggling exactly one lamp, this lamp has to be switched odd times, and any other even times. So the overall number of switchings has to be odd, which is impossible for even M.
Since we have to solve an equation system of N linear equations in N variables over F2, the possibility of solvability is equal to the possibility being in the image of the corresponding linear map. The dimension of the image can be estimated as follows:
Lemma 2. Let g be the greatest common divisor of M and N. Then the dimension of the coimage is at least g - 1.
Proof. Split the N variants to use the tool in g parts: part x consists of the applications starting at lamp x, x + M, x + 2M, and so on.
Applying all variants of a part always gives the same result, so even if we do not use the tool on the starting lamps 2, 3,..., g, we can reach the same set of configurations. As a result, the coimage has at least the dimension g - 1.
So, if a number N fulfills the following:
then N has the desired properties. The numbers less than 10, 000 with these properties are
1121, 1313, 1601, 2113, 3041, and 4001.
If you have any problems you think we might enjoy, please send them in. All replies should be sent to: _EMAIL_


text:
Pediatric Emergency Health Care Providers' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Experiences Regarding Emergency Contraception
Abstract:ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2011; 18:605–612 © 2011 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Abstract Objectives:
The objective was to describe knowledge, attitudes, and experiences regarding emergency contraception (EC) among pediatric emergency health care providers (HCPs). Methods:
This multicenter, focus group study elicited thoughts and experiences from pediatric emergency HCPs about EC. Participants were physicians, nurse practitioners (NPs), and nurses in one of three urban, geographically distinct, pediatric emergency departments (EDs). A professional moderator used a semistructured format for sessions, which were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed for recurrent themes. Participants provided demographic information and completed a written survey evaluating EC knowledge. Results:
Eighty-five HCPs (41 physicians, eight NPs, and 36 nurses) participated in 12 focus groups. Overall knowledge about EC was poor. Participants identified barriers including cost, privacy, knowledge, and provider refusal. Provision of EC for adolescents was supported by the majority of physicians and NPs; however, many nurses were not supportive, especially following consensual intercourse. The authors identified use of social judgment by nurses as a novel barrier to EC provision. The majority of HCPs did not support screening for potential EC need. The majority of physicians and NPs felt obligated to provide adolescents with all contraceptive options, while more nurses supported provider refusal to provide EC. Conclusions:
This study identified important HCP perceptions and barriers about EC provision in the pediatric ED. These findings may inform future efforts to improve EC provision for adolescents. Specifically, future studies to evaluate the differences in attitudes between nurses, physicians, and NPs, and the use of social judgment in EC provision, are warranted.
Document Type: Research Article
Publication date: June 1, 2011


text:
Sacred Heart Jesuit Church
+353 61 31 7522 (Tourist Information)
In 1650 Fr. David Wolfe, a native of Limerick, who had known Saint Ignatius Loyola in Rome, came to Ireland as Papal Nuncio. He established a church and school in Limerick. Fr. Wolfe himself was executed in 1588. However, the Jesuits managed to maintain their connection with Limerick through some bad times. In 1859 they opened their school in the Crescent and in 1869 their present church was opened and dedicated to the Sacred Heart. The facade dates from 1900 and the church is well decorated inside. The side altar of Our Lady of Lourdes was the first such in Ireland. In the 1960s the adjoining Crescent College was closed, and the teaching staff moved to a modern comprehensive school in the southern suburbs.


600 seats
must be equipped with at least: 8 HAND FIRE-EXTINGUISHERS CONVENIENTLY LOCATED IN THE
PASSENGER COMPARTMENT.
-An aeroplane whose maximum approved passenger seating configuration is 401 to 500 seats must
be equipped with at least: 6 HAND FIRE-EXTINGUISHERS CONVENIENTLY LOCATED IN THE
PASSENGER COMPARTMENT.
-An aeroplane whose maximum approved passenger seating configuration is 501 to 600 seats must
be equipped with at least: 7 HAND FIRE-EXTINGUISHERS CONVENIENTLY LOCATED IN THE
PASSENGER COMPARTMENT.
-An aeroplane whose maximum approved passenger seating configuration is 301 to 400 seats must
be equipped with at least: 5 HAND FIRE-EXTINGUISHERS CONVENIENTLY LOCATED IN THE
PASSENGER COMPARTMENT.
-An aeroplane whose maximum approved passenger seating configuration is 201 to 300 seats must
be equipped with at least: 4 HAND FIRE-EXTINGUISHERS CONVENIENTLY LOCATED IN THE
PASSENGER COMPARTMENT.
-An air cycle machine (air conditioning pack) : CAUSES A PRESSURE AND TEMPERAURE DROP IN
THE BLEED AIR.
-An aircraft flying in conditions of continuous heavy rain and high ambient temperatures may require
the precautionary use of: ENGINE IGNITERS.
-An aircraft magneto is switched off by: 1. grounding the primary circuit. 2. opening the primary
circuit. 3. opening the secondary circuit. 4. grounding the secondary circuit. The combination that
regroups all of the correct statements is: 1, 4.
-An aircraft whose maximum approved configuration for passenger seats is 200 seats must be
equipped with: 3 HAND FIRE EXTINGUISHERS IN THE COMPARTMENT.
-An aircraft with a pressurized cabin flies at FL 310 and, following a malfunction of the pressure
controller, the outflow valve runs to the open position. Given : CAB V/S : Cabin rate of climb
indication CAB ALT: Cabin pressure altitude DELTA P: Differential pressure This will result in a: CAB
V/S INCREASE CAB ALT INCREASE DELTA P DECREASE
-An aircraft with a pressurized cabin is settled at its cruise level. During the flight, a malfunction of the
pressure controller is detected by the crew and the cabin rate indicator reads -200ft/min. Given that:
DELTA P: Differential pressure Zc: Cabin altitude: DELTA P WILL RISE UP TO ITS MAXIMUM
VALUE, THUS CAUSING THE SAFETY RELIEF VALVES TO OPEN.
-An airplane whose maximum approved passenger seating configuration is 7 to 30 seats must be
equipped with at least: 1 HAND FIRE-EXTINGUISHER CONVENIENTLY LOCATED IN THE
PASSENGER COMPARTMENT.
-An artificial feel system: FUNCTIONS IN PARALLEL TO AN IRREVERSIBLE SERVO-CONTROL
UNIT.
-An artificial feel unit is necessary in the pitch channel when: THE ELEVATORS ARE ACTUATED BY
IRREVERSIBLE SERVO-CONTROL UNITS.
-An asymmetric loading (p-factor) on the propeller exists: IF THE AEROPLANE HAS A LARGE
ANGLE OF ATTACK.
-An axial compressor, when operating below its design speed, has: A TENDENCY TO STALL IN THE
FRONT STAGES.
-An EGT (Exhaust Gas Temperature) indicator for a piston engine is used to: ASSIST THE PILOT TO
SET THE CORRECT MIXTURE.
-An electrically heated windscreen is manufactured from: A GLASS AND POLYCARBONATE
LAMINATE.
-An engine fire in a large transport aeroplane is indicated by a(n): VISUAL WARNING AND AN
AURAL ALERT.
-An engine fire is indicated by a(n): WARNING AND AN AURAL ALERT.
-An engine pressure ratio (EPR) can be defined as the ratio of: JET PIPE TOTAL PRESSURE TO
COMPRESSOR INLET TOTAL PRESSURE.
-An engine pressure ratio (EPR) gauge reading normally shows the ratio of: JET PIPE PRESSURE TO
COMPRESSOR INLET PRESSURE.
-An excessively rich mixture can be detected by: BLACK SMOKE FROM EXHAUST.
-An impulse coupling is inhibited at higher than normal rotational starting speeds by: CENTRIFUGAL
FORCE
-An impulse coupling is installed on a magneto of a piston engine to: PROVIDE A STRONGER
SPARK ON TOP DEAD CENTRE FOR ENGINE STARTING.
-An impulse coupling is installed on a magneto of a piston engine to: PROVIDE A STRONGER
SPARK ON TOP DEAD CENTRE FOR ENGINE STARTING.
-An impulse magneto coupling: GIVES A RETARDED SPARK AT STARTING
-An inverter is a: unit used to convert dc into ac.
-An oxygen regulator has 3 controls : - a power lever : ON/OFF - an "O2" lever : NORMAL/100% - an
emergency lever : ON/OFF Among the following statements, the correct proposition is : THE POWER
LEVER ON ON, AND, THE "O2" LEVER ON NORMAL ALLOWS THE OXYGEN TO ENTER THE
REGULATOR AND ENABLES BREATHING OF A MIXTURE OF AIR/OXYGEN ACCORDING TO
ALTITUDE.
-An oxygen supply system must be kept absolutely free of oil or grease as: THESE SUBSTANCES
CATCH FIRE SPONTANEOUSLY IN THE PRESENCE OF OXYGEN.
-An under-inflated tyre will: EXPERIENCE INCREASED WEAR AT THE SHOULDERS.
-Apart from flight into known icing conditions, the intake system of a diesel engine: IS NEVER
HEATED BECAUSE A DIESEL ENGINE IS A INJECTION ENGINE.
-As altitude increases, the mixture ratio of a piston engine should be adjusted to : REDUCE THE FUEL
FLOW IN ORDER TO COMPENSATE FOR THE DECREASING AIR DENSITY.
-As the flight altitude increases, if no leaning is made with the mixture control: THE DENSITY OF AIR
ENTERING THE CARBURETTOR DECREASES AND THE AMOUNT OF FUEL REMAINS CONSTANT
-Associate the correct legend to each of the numbered diagrams : 1- CANTILEVER 2- FORK 3- HALF
FORK 4- DUAL WHEELS
-Assume an initial condition at a high cruise altitude with a constant speed propeller. What will
happen if the altitude is decreased while the throttle remains fully open and the waste gate is seized
in the cruise position: THE MANIFOLD ABSOLUTE PRESSURE (MAP) VALUE MAY EXCEED THE
MAXIMUM ALLOWED VALUE.
-Assume that during cruise flight with airconditioning packs ON, the outflow valve(s) would close. The
result would be that: THE PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL WOULD GO TO THE MAXIMUM VALUE
-Assuming a CSD fault is indicated, the CSD should be disconnected : PROVIDED THE ENGINE IS
RUNNING.
-Assuming a hydraulic accumulator is pre-charged with air to 1000 psi. If the hydraulic system is then
pressurised to its operating pressure of 3000 psi, the indicated pressure on the air side of the
accumulator should be: 3000 PSI.
-Assuming an accumulator is pre-charged with air to 1000 psi and the hydraulic system is pressurised
to 1500 psi, the accumulator gauge will read:1500 PSI.
-Assuming cabin differential pressure has attained the required value in normal flight conditions, if
flight altitude is maintained: A CONSTANT MASS AIR FLOW IS PERMITTED THROUGH THE
CABIN.
-Assuming cabin differential pressure has reached the required value in normal flight conditions, if
flight altitude and air conditioning system setting are maintained: THE MASS AIR FLOW THROUGH
THE CABIN IS CONSTANT.
-Assuming cabin pressure decreases, the cabin rate of climb indicator should indicate: A RATE OF
CLIMB.
-Assuming the initiating cause is removed, which of these statements about resetting are correct or
incorrect? I. A fuse is not resettable II. A circuit breaker is resettable: I IS CORRECT, II IS CORRECT.
-Assuming the initiating cause is removed, which of these statements about resetting are correct or
incorrect? I. A fuse is not resettable II. A circuit breaker is not resettable: I IS CORRECT, II IS
INCORRECT.
-Assuming the initiating cause is removed, which of these statements about resetting are correct or
incorrect? I. A fuse is resettable II. A circuit breaker is not resettable: I IS INCORRECT, II IS
INCORRECT.
-Assuming the initiating cause is removed, which of these statements about resetting are correct or
incorrect? I. A fuse is resettable II. A circuit breaker is resettable: I IS INCORRECT, II IS CORRECT.
-Assuming the jet pipe is not choked, the equation to calculate jet engine thrust T (with mass flow m,
airspeed Vv and jet velocity Vj ) is: T = M(VJ - VV)
-Assuming the same swept volume and no turbo charger, diesel engines compared to petrol
engines: PRODUCE LESS MAXIMUM POWER OUTPUT.
-At constant fuel flow, if engine compressor air is bled off for engine anti-icing or a similar system,
the turbine temperature: WILL RISE.
-Automatic temperature control of the system as shown, would be accomplished by: THE
TEMPERATURE SELECTOR IN CONJUNCTION WITH CABIN SENSORS AND THE TEMPERATURE
REGULATOR, MODULATING THE MIX VALVE.
-Axial piston pumps are often used in hydraulic systems due to: THEIR ABILITY TO PRODUCE HIGH
PRESSURE WHEN REQUIRED BUT CAN BE OFF LOADED TO REDUCE POWER CONSUMPTION.
-Because of the connection in parallel of electrical equipments on an AC bus bar, isolation of
individual equipments: DECREASES THE BUS BAR CURRENT CONSUMPTION.
-Because of the input/output relationship of an AND gate, it is often referred to as the: "ALL OR
NOTHING" GATE.
-Because of the input/output relationship of an OR gate, it is often referred to as the: "ANY OR ALL"
GATE.
-Below its design speed an axial compressor: HAS A TENDENCY TO SURGE IN THE FRONT
STAGES.
-Bleeding air from the HP compressor of a turbofan, whilst maintaining thrust, increases: EGT AND
FUEL FLOW.
-Both gas turbine and piston engines use a cycle made up of induction, compression, combustion
and exhaust phases. Which of these statements about a gas turbine are correct or incorrect? I. The
process in a gas turbine engine is continuous. II. Theoretically the combustion occurs at constant
pressure: I IS CORRECT, II IS CORRECT.
-Both gas turbine and piston engines use a cycle made up of induction, compression, combustion
and exhaust phases. Which of these statements about a piston engine are correct or incorrect? I. The
process in a piston engine is intermittent


Archbishop Denis Hurley OMI had a vision of the Church
as a "community serving humanity"
You can help make this vision a reality.
At the heart of the city of Durban, South Africa, where half a million people make their way through one of Africa's busiest transport hubs nearby every day, is Emmanuel Cathedral. Many of these people are hungry, ill or homeless. They are the poor of Durban and refugees from other parts of Africa. They look to the cathedral for help and support.
For many years the cathedral has had a parish centre that offers food and training to homeless and unemployed people and which welcomes and cares for newly-arrived refugees. A clinic provides medical care, especially for those living with AIDS.
Now it is planned to build a completely new centre that will transform the standard of services the Cathedral is able to offer to the poor, to the sick, and to refugees. The new building will be called the Denis Hurley Centre in honour of the Archbishop who was a visionary leader of the Catholic Church, a theologian of international stature who made an immense contribution to the second Vatican Council, a courageous opponent of South Africa's apartheid regime for half a century, and a tireless champion of human rights and advocate of the poor and dispossessed.
A donation towards the cost of building the Denis Hurley Centre would be a worthwhile and appropriate way to honour his memory.


Category HTA Photomask
Analytic Solution for PT-Symmetric Volume Gratings
Mykola Kulishov, H. F. Jones, Bernard Kress
Optics (physics.optics)
Unique optical characteristics of a Fabry-Perot resonator with embedded PT-symmetrical grating
Mykola Kulishov, Bernand Kress, H. F. Jones
We explore the optical properties of a Fabry-Perot resonator with an embedded Parity-Time (PT) symmetrical grating. This PT-symmetrical grating is non diffractive (transparent) when illuminated from one side and diffracting (Bragg reflection) when illuminated from the other side, thus providing a unidirectional reflective functionality. The incorporated PT-symmetrical grating forms a resonator with two embedded cavities. We analyze the transmission and reflection properties of these new structures through a transfer matrix approach. Depending on the resonator geometry these cavities can interact with different degrees of coherency: fully constructive interaction, partially constructive interaction, partially destructive interaction, and finally their interaction can be completely destructive. A number of very unusual (exotic) nonsymmetrical absorption and amplification behaviors are observed. The proposed structure also exhibits unusual lasing performance. Due to the PT-symmetrical grating, there is no chance of mode hopping; it can lase with only a single longitudinal mode for any distance between the distributed reflectors.
Optics (physics.optics)


The topic Rodeo is discussed in the following articles:
De Mille
 - TITLE: Agnes de Mille (American dancer and choreographer)
 Rodeo (1942), one of her most important ballets, was created for the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo. The first ballet to include tap dancing, it used distinctively American gestures—bronco-riding and steer-roping movements. Most of de Mille's other ballets were choreographed for New York City's Ballet Theatre, which she joined in 1940. Her works for that company include Fall River...
history of tap dance
 - TITLE: tap dance
 SECTION: Film
 ...attributed to a series of events in the 1940s. In 1942 Agnes de Mille introduced narrative ballet into the Broadway show with Oklahoma!. Although in Rodeo (1942) she had also been the first to introduce tap dance into ballet, her billing as a "choreographer" and the false competition with ballet made tap seem...


From WikiFur, the furry encyclopedia.
(Redirected from Mryia Jackalope)
Jump to: navigation, search
Mryia, full Mryia Jackalope, alos known as Atomhirsch, is a German furry writer and photographer.
Mryia is a fine-art photographer of abandoned places. Mryia is an active part of the German Urban Exploration (Urbex) scene under the pseudonym Atomhirsch (The name could be translated into nuclear deer).
Equipped with a Pentax K20D DSLR camera he sneaks, creeps and climbs into all kinds of abandoned buildings and places to make his artistic shots of a world after mankind. Sometimes he carries a life-sized inflatable reindeer with him as a kind of mascot, or use a deer mask to hide his face when making self-portraits while trespassing.
Fandom involvement[edit]
Mryia was known as a plushophile with a large collection of big plushies in his earlier furry life. One of his hobbies was sewing and making SPHs to make plushies anatomically correct.
He was also took commissions from all over the world and had a good reputation with his work.[citation needed] Notably, he sold two plush toys to the New York Museum of Sex - one rabbit (in a FurBid auction) and one Meeko.[1]
Mryia's furry persona is a special form of the Jackalope, the German Rasselbock, named mryia, taken from the Ukrainian language to mean dream (The English pronunciation being mreea). He normally appears as an anthropomorphic hare with deer antlers, as well as tusks like a predator. The..
Mryia has written a lot of furry stories, many of which are erotic, although most of them are in German. Some of his most popular stories are Tales of the Jackalope and Kleiner Tiger Mikhal. Most of his literary works can be found at SoFurry.
 1. Museum of Sex exhibits modified plush toys, WikiFur News (February 18, 2007)
External links[edit]


Differences Between Mobile App and Web Performance Monitoring
By: AdamHass
 | May 1, 2023
Differences Between Mobile App and Web Performance Monitoring
Application Performance Monitoring, or Application Performance Management (APM), has become the de facto standard for providing better customer experiences and applications. APM allows you to observe the performance of your application including such valuable metrics as load time, errors, logs and transactions.
Mobile and web applications have similarities, but there are striking differences between the two. Mobile applications depend on the underlying frameworks provided by their operating system (iOS/Android). However, web applications, which have similar functionality to desktop applications, have a client–server architecture where the client (including the user interface and client-side logic) runs in a web browser.
Despite their differences and unique characteristics, mobile app performance is still related to web performance. The reason for this is that most mobile apps rely on servers to connect to APIs and download content. A poorly performing web application will likewise cause a related mobile app to perform poorly.
However, due to their defined differences, mobile and web applications have different metrics that we can monitor to provide a holistic overview of how our apps are performing.
What should you monitor in a mobile app?
When it comes to monitoring the performance of your mobile app, you should have a clear understanding of your goals and expectations. Some of the best metrics to watch include usage statistics, custom events, and crashes. However, having insight is not enough, you should also be able to take action and analyze trends.
Applink.io Usage Stats screenshot
Example AppLink.io usage stats module showing devices, carriers, versions and more
Usage statistics
Analyzing usage statistics will give you a better understanding of who your consumers are and their digital preferences. Getting breakdowns across devices, carriers, connection types, operating system, and app versions lets you know how your app is performing every day. Discover users experiencing poor app performance and diagnose the problems quickly.
Applink.io track custom event screenshot
Example AppLink.io SDK method tracking a custom event in iOS
Custom events
Any action that a user takes can be measured. Usually referred to in the context of in-app events, custom events give you the opportunity to track unique interactions. Once tracked, these events can provide an extra level of clarity about your app.
Applink.io crash screenshot
Example AppLink.io crash module showing crash details
App crashes
Nobody likes it when an app crashes. Tracking crash analytics as well as analyzing stack traces will help you quickly find and fix performance issues. Segmenting crashes by usage metrics can help uncover where a defect might be and get your app up and running fast.
AppLink.io triggers module showing a crash workflow
Example AppLink.io triggers module showing a crash workflow
Triggered workflows
You can't always be staring at a screen monitoring your app. Everyone needs a coffee break or a day off. It's important to have an automated system that can trigger workflows and actions based on the good or bad experiences users are having in your app. Email and SMS alerts can notify you about a crash or other adverse event as soon as it happens.
Analyze trends
Having the data is the first step, but taking action from insight is a sign of maturity. Mobile APM can provide the foundation to build a decision supporting tool that will help leaders know the performance of their mobile apps, but more importantly, understand the data behind user behavior.
What should you monitor in a web application?
Like mobile apps, the goal behind performance monitoring of a web application should be utilizing the data to take action. Some of the key things that you should be monitoring include web requests and transactions, code-level performance, application dependencies, server monitoring, and log data.
Web requests and transactions
A basic function included in an APM solution should be the ability to review web requests and database transactions. Granted, most of this data can be obtained from a log, but it's important to understand what requests and transactions are taking place and how they are performing. Being able to identify and isolate slow incidents, can allow you to prioritize which ones to address first.
troubleshoot aspnet top web requests
Code-level performance
They say, "The truth is in the code", and that is particularly true with application monitoring. An APM solution that can get you down to the code level can provide greater insights. Code-level performance profiling can help you understand what functions are being called and how long it takes to perform certain methods.
Application dependencies
A slow-performing web application can sometimes be attributed to a dependency within your application. Types of application dependencies can include databases, caching, message queues, web services, and HTTP APIs. A good application performance management system can track all of your application dependencies to help understand their performance.
ASPNET Performance App Dependency Redis Slow
Example shows application depending performance in Retrace
Server monitoring
Since the adoption of the cloud, most servers are created in virtualized environments and hosted in data centers. To keep tabs on your server, it's important to track server CPU and memory usage. In addition to being one of the primary factors associated with costs, heavy CPU usage can be an indicator of needing a larger server or adopting an auto-scaling strategy.
Example shows Retrace CPU monitoring
Example shows Retrace CPU monitoring
[adinserter block="33″]
Log data
As a developer, whenever something went wrong, the first place I looked were the logs. The problem is that there are logs everywhere for everything. Database logs, server logs, operating system logs … you get it. A centralized logging solution is a key component for a APM solution.
Retrace log management for app monitoring
Example shows log monitoring features in Retrace
Putting it All Together
High-performance mobile apps depend on high-performance web applications. Both mobile and web apps have a joint responsibility of providing an exceptional experience for users. If you have a web application that has a dependant mobile app, it's important to keep both in mind when evaluating APM providers.
AppLink.io is a mobile app analytics tool and marketing platform that provides app statistics, metrics, tracking and monitoring capabilities. AppLink.io provides the foundation to build a decision support tool that will help leaders know the performance of their mobile apps, but more importantly, understand the data behind user behavior. Get started today with a free trial.
Improve Your Code with Retrace APM
Stackify's APM tools are used by thousands of .NET, Java, PHP, Node.js, Python, & Ruby developers all over the world.
Explore Retrace's product features to learn more.
Learn More
Want to contribute to the Stackify blog?
If you would like to be a guest contributor to the Stackify blog please reach out to [email protected]


text:
There is a post on Jezebel talking about how "age is never just a number." Wait for it….
17! 42. 83. 1/2. 2 months. 2 month old baby. -4. -4 month old baby. Invisible number (like a Ghost, like Casper). 969 LIKE METHUSELAH. 5,000 like a lady vampire in an Anne Rice novel. Those were numbers. Those are all just numbers. They are ages with numbers attached.
However. Sometimes age is not a number. Not never, but sometimes.
Here are some times when age is not a number.
The Age of Innocence
The Age of Reason
The Age of Corrupt Irrationality (_PHONE_, approximately. Or whenever Bret Easton Ellis was writing).
The Bronze Age
The Iron Age
The Golden Age
The iPhone Age
The Dark Ages
The Age Of Light
The Space Age
The Age of Anxiety
Age of Aquarius
Age of Empires
Age of Empires 3
Age of Empires 2 sucked.
Age of War
Age of not war?
Age of Exploration (also known at the age of discovery)
The Age Where Witches Made You Do Stuff (all fairy tales, many Shakespearean plays)
The incredibly specific age of your lover, who is older than you, and this is a thing you are grappling with in a vague sort of way.
So there you go. None of them numbers.


Tortilla Soup Essay
Multicultural Psychology Significance
 Tortilla Soup provides an interesting perspective on the changes in the role of women from a background that has very specific characterization of it. Martin Naranjo's family is imbibed with its Mexican-American but at the same time reflects the modern traditions as reflected in Martin's profession as a chef and in the upbringing of his daughters. However, it is clear that there are unspoken rules regarding the social and gender roles of the daughters both real and created by the individuals themselves.
 Each daughter also reflects distinct personalities and represents characterizations of Hispanic women in society. The movie points out hat these characterizations are not so much prescriptive as they have become inherent in the women that when conflicts arise, a need for intense personal reflection develops. At the same time, the daughters are being challenged to be part of American society and to embody its premise of female emancipation. Another important issue that the film discusses is the changing dynamics of family in American and multicultural societies.
Cultural Themes
 The themes discussed in the movie revolve around social and gender issues. The underlying challenge for Martin's three daughters, Leticia, Carmen and Maribel, is how to define their roles in today's society and how to resolve it with their cultural heritage. Effort has been made to establish that the family that the family is very open to modernity which highlights that the conflict is not a head-on controversy between modern and traditional values. Thus, the cultural themes are explored through personal experience of the daughters.
 The traditional view of Hispanic women is that they are to be most concerned with home and hearth. The social roles of women have been traditionally associated with maternal functions and contrary characterizations are often viewed as the result of bad relationships or a lack of interest or even a hatred of men. In the case of the Martin's daughters, they are all unmarried and have pursued or are pursuing professional interests. Though Leticia has had her unfortunate romance, this is not highlighted as a dominant reason for her single hood but rather there is suggestion of the state being a conscious and deliberate choice.
 Another socio-cultural issue that is being addressed is the consideration of economic and professional interest over personal choice. As illustrated in Carmen's choice not to pursue cooking as a career because of financial security, the need for social and financial security precedes the personal fulfillment in the selection of a profession. Furthermore, there is a realization for all of the characters, particularly in Maribel, the need for cultural identity and acceptance. There is equal pressure for the characters to preserve traditions and the need to be just like everybody else.
 The most major issue that the movie discusses is gender role that result from both tradition and modern ideas. In either case, the issue of conformity is an issue that has to be dealt with. The sisters all have their individual concept of the role of women in society and they all struggle to conform to these notions and at the same time break away from them. More than any other factor related to gender, the aspect that they all struggle most with are notions regarding femininity. In fact, there is no denying that each sister knows that they are women of their time but what they struggle to learn in the movie that femininity is also a personal perspective.
Gender Roles and Cultural Factors
 Gender roles are learned through socialization and society is defined if not bound by culture. At the same time, culture is created by relationship and interactions of these roles. Thus, gender and culture reinforces each other. One interesting facet that the movie highlights is the gender perceptions are both internal and external: it is taught to us but unless people themselves support the idea, then the roles can not persist. Another important realization is that each culture has a different perspective on the gender roles developed by another culture. As seen Hortensia's interactions with the family, these roles often also cause conflict since there are varied interpretations neither of which can reflect fully the perception of another.
 At the same time, whereas family has been the main means of identification for Hispanic women s presented in the movie, the shift of focus to professional life also creates new challenges to attain what have been considered as ideals of the gender which include femininity and maternal roles. The formation of their identity however is dynamic and is continually being influence by the circumstances of the individual sister, their family, their developing social experience and individual search for fulfillment.
Individualistic Versus Collectivist Cultures
 As illustrated by Martin's edict of Sunday dinners to be family affairs, the gatherings are the family's main means of keeping in tough with each other and discussing issues. The tradition is not just a means of maintaining traditions but also assessing the changes in each others' lives. There is a suggestion and even a popularization of the idea that individualism contradicts collectivism.
In the case of Maribel, the struggle is most apparent because of the nature of her social experience: as much as she seems to be the least attached to traditions, she also is has the most clear headed view of her identity and her history. Though there are often contradictions in the perspectives that she presents, her character indicates that the conflict of individualism and collectivism is often mired in a lack of personal resolution or identity.
 Similarly, in the case of Carmen, her choice of pursuing her career instead of pursuing a culinary career like her father reflects the conflict of individualistic identity which is greatly associated with professional development in the workplace. However, it should also be realized that personal value and significance of one's work, it is also often used as a means of identifying one's class or social consequence. Some social scientists even have theorized that these so-called struggles of women between individualistic and collectivist cultures only create glass ceilings that have served to discredit women in the workplace as well as establish social restrictions to the roles they take in society.
Communication Styles and the Theme
 It is apparent from the beginning of the film that the family enjoys a very close and intimate relationship regardless of the undercurrents in the movie. At first it seems that the characters are entrenched in their familial roles however, as the movie develops, it is clear that the characters' rapport extends beyond family ties. Martin's dialogue with his daughters indicates more of a paternal role. In contrast with his interactions with other characters in the film, he is significantly less opinionated and seems to utilize food as his main means of communication.
 As the film develops its conclusion, there is no significant shift in the family roles by the four main characters. American society has greatly emphasizes the individualism where as Mexican or Hispanic traditions play greater value on family or collective identity. For the latter, the tendency may in fact be a consequence of the need to maintain historical identity or a common and shared experience.
In conclusion, the movie presents the idea that as much as people try to create individual identities, cultural backgrounds and perspectives influence them both consciously and subconsciously. The major changes are generally internal in nature but are reflected in the more open exchange between Martin and his daughters. The undercurrents that at the beginning of the movie seemed to threaten conflict are now presented as typical of any family which may remain unspoken but nonetheless accepted.
Ripoll, Maria (2001). Tortilla Soup. California: Samuel Goldwyn Company


text:
Although the name mondo grass leads you to believe this plant is grass, it is not. Mondo grass is a member of the lily family and is scientifically known as Ophiopogon japonicus. There are several popular species, including dwarf mondo grass and black mondo grass. Mondo grass is used as a ground cover and spread by means of underground stolons and tuberous roots. The plant is drought resistant and prefers warm soil. Mondo grass is hardy in USDA planting zones 7 through 10.
Choose a location that has full morning sun and partial afternoon shade. The area should be high enough that water will not pool after a rain. Plan on preparing the soil bed as soon as the ground can be worked in the early spring.
Scrape off lawn turf from the top of the soil with a flat-head shovel. Sprinkle remaining soil with a balanced fertilizer and 1 oz. of nitrogen per 100 square feet of soil. Till to a depth of 6 inches. Water the soil every other day for a period of two weeks to allow sprouting of weeds.
Pull all weeds that have sprouted and spread on another application of fertilizer. Add 2 inches of compost to the top of the soil and till again to the same depth. Rake the soil out level. Water again for another two weeks and pull all weeds that have sprouted.
Dig holes with a garden spade the same size as the containers that the mondo grass plants were purchased in. They should be spaced 6 to 12 inches apart for long-leaf varieties and 2 to 4 inches for dwarf varieties.
Remove the mondo grass plants from the containers and place into the planting holes. They should be planted at the same level they are in the containers. Firmly tamp the soil down around them.
Water the mondo grass thoroughly to establish roots and keep the soil evenly moist throughout the spring and summer. Start to cut back watering in the fall when the soil starts to feel dry.
Mulch around the young plants with grass clippings or pine needles. This will keep down the weeds while the plants are getting established. Grass clippings and pine needles will also decompose naturally and add nitrogen to the soil. Once established the mondo grass will fill out and it will be too shady for weeds to grow.


text:
dollar company be deemed additional?
The size and profitability of a company does not necessarily affect the additionality of a project. Every company has its own set of internal requirements – return on investment, rate of payback, risk tolerance, and capital funding available for innovative new projects. Without the value of the offsets, a company's capital resources might instead be utilized on other projects.
Provided that the company can demonstrate to auditors that there are financial, technological or other barriers to carrying out the project and that these barriers are overcome or partially overcome with the value of offsets, the project may pass the additionality hurdle.
How can an offset project that began before Pacific Carbon Trust was up and running be deemed additional?
In order for a proponent to pass the additionality requirements of the BC emission offsets regulation, they must have considered and included the value of developing offsets as part of the justification for going ahead with the project. There is no requirement in the BC emission offsets regulation for the proponent to have focused their offset sales objectives on PCT, necessarily. There is an existing voluntary market both internationally and in North America.
In addition, in order for a project to be purchased by PCT, the project start date must be no earlier than Nov. 29, 2007 – the date the Greenhouse Gas Reductions Target Act (GGRTA) received Royal Assent. The passing of the Act signalled that carbon offsets would be a saleable commodity, thereby creating a market for carbon. All of the projects in Pacific Carbon Trust's portfolio are compliant with this start date.
If Pacific Carbon Trust is only providing a fraction of the cost of the project, how can it be deemed additional?
Capital projects can be exceedingly expensive. In most cases the money need to fund a project comes from multiple sources – retained earnings, Federal and Provincial grants and outside financing. Offsets need only be one source of the funds, and need to be the source that tips the project into viability.
With any offset project, if there is a financial barrier that will keep the company from proceeding with the project without the assistance from outside sources, then a clear case can be made for funding. This can include federal or provincial green incentive funding, as well as revenue from the sale of offsets to Pacific Carbon Trust.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Title
Ethnicity-specific epigenetic variation in naïve CD4+ T cells and the susceptibility to autoimmunity
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-1-2015
Publication Title
Epigenetics Chromatin
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Genetic and epigenetic variability contributes to the susceptibility and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. T cells play an important role in several autoimmune conditions, including lupus, which is more common and more severe in people of African descent. To investigate inherent epigenetic differences in T cells between ethnicities, we characterized genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in naïve CD4+ T cells in healthy African-Americans and European-Americans, and then confirmed our findings in lupus patients.
RESULTS: Impressive ethnicity-specific clustering of DNA methylation profiling in naïve CD4+ T cells was revealed. Hypomethylated loci in healthy African-Americans were significantly enriched in pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory genes. We also found hypomethylated genes in African-Americans to be disproportionately related to autoimmune diseases including lupus. We then confirmed that these genes, such as IL32, CD226, CDKN1A, and PTPRN2 were similarly hypomethylated in lupus patients of African-American compared to European-American descent. Using patch DNA methylation and luciferase reporter constructs, we showed that methylation of the IL32 promoter region reduces gene expression in vitro. Importantly, bisulfite DNA sequencing demonstrated that cis-acting genetic variants within and directly disrupting CpG sites account for some ethnicity-specific variability in DNA methylation.
CONCLUSION: Ethnicity-specific inherited epigenetic susceptibility loci in CD4+ T cells provide clues to explain differences in the susceptibility to autoimmunity and possibly other T cell-related diseases between populations.
PubMed ID
26609326
Volume
8
First Page
49
Share
COinS


text:
is now viewed as an unreliable part-propagandist.
The latest Oscar winner for best picture, The Hurt Locker, set in contemporary Iraq, has come under strong criticism from elements of the American military, with one soldier claiming that the central bomb disposal figure is based on him.
Ethnic identity issues keep causing trouble for filmmakers. Five years ago, the film version of Arthur Golden's novel Memoirs of a Geisha aroused intense antagonism from Chinese critics because three of the main characters were played by Chinese, not Japanese, actresses.
Davis points out that he avoids what is now perceived as a worse piece of casting, making up a white actor as Chinese, as for instance happened in the Fu Manchu movies, where the evil Chinese genius is played by Christopher Lee, Richard Greene and even Peter Sellers.
Aboriginal detective Napoleon "Bony" Bonaparte, created by Arthur Upfield, has twice been portrayed on television by white actors, Kiwi James Laurenson and Cameron Daddo, arousing some controversy.
Ned Kelly has been played on film by a motley crew of actors, most eccentrically by Mick Jagger. Russell Crowe, Davis points out, portrays Robin Hood in a new film. The famous outlaw is unlikely to have been a New Zealander.
But Sing's story is too new and intriguing to most Australians, and the significance of his identity too rare and too meaningful, especially for Australia's fast growing community of Chinese ancestry, for it to be reconfigured without the kind of controversy now crashing around the modestly conceived mini-series.
John Fitzgerald, author of The Big White Lie: Chinese Australians in White Australia, says: "Ignored in his lifetime, Billy Sing should not be dishonoured in ours. His memory will finally be honoured when Australians can all acknowledge that they share a multiracial history, even at Gallipoli."
The historical background of the Gallipoli campaign and how the Anzac legend evolved in Australia makes this even more offensive. Read this article for more.


Using C, how can I access the same block of memory as another C program?
So, I'm on hour one of learning C. Maybe I'll jump over to C++ tonight.
I'd like to create two command line programs using C that can "talk" to each other. The first thought that came to mind is to transfer information between the two by writing to and polling files. However, I figure C provides all the methods I need to directly allocate memory and access it, and that would be much faster and more sensible technique.
Can someone provide an example or advice?
Answers
What you are asking for is called shared memory. Unfortunately, shared memory is not part of the C language per se, but a feature of the operating system. Since you didn't specify what operating system you are using, I point you to a Unix SysV shared memory tutorial.
Need Your Help
Java JDBC Log in Form
java database swing jdbc login
I can't seem to get the password and user name on my Java JTextfield and Passwordfield, what I was trying to do is compare user input and check them if the username and password is stored in the
Count and group non-empty values in MySQL
mysql count group
I need to count the non-empty (by which I mean a string containing at least 1 character) rows grouped by a particular ID. Eg. my data might look like this:


text:
Efficient compression in color naming and its evolution(About) The Information Bottleneck principle applied to linguistics.
>We argue that **languages efficiently compress ideas into words by optimizing the information bottleneck trade-off** between the complexity and accuracy of the lexicon. We test this proposal in the domain of color naming.
word meanings may reflect adaptation to pressure for efficient communication—
that is, communication that is precise yet requires only minimal
[1503.02406] Deep Learning and the Information Bottleneck Principle (2015)(About) > Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are analyzed via the theoretical framework of the information bottleneck (IB) principle. We first show that any DNN can be quantified by the mutual information between the layers and the input and output variables. Using this representation we can calculate the optimal information theoretic limits of the DNN.
[physics/_PHONE_] The information bottleneck method (1999)(About) > We define the relevant information in a signal x ∈ X as being the information that this signal provides about another signal y ∈ Y . Examples include the information that face images provide about the names of the people portrayed, or the information that speech sounds provide about the words spoken. **Understanding the signal x requires more than just predicting y, it also requires specifying which features of X play a role in the prediction. We formalize this problem as that of finding a short code for X that preserves the maximum information about Y.** That is, we squeeze the information that X provides about Y through a 'bottleneck' formed by a limited set of codewords X ̃... This approach yields an exact set of self consistent equations for the coding rules X → X ̃ and X ̃ → Y .
(from the intro) : how to define "meaningful / relevant" information? An issue left out of information theory by Shannon (focus on the problem of transmitting information rather than judging its value to the recipient) ->leads to
consider statistical and information theoretic principles as almost irrelevant
for the question of meaning.
> In contrast, **we argue here that information theory,
in particular lossy source compression, provides a natural quantitative
approach to the question of "relevant information."** Specifically, we formulate
a **variational principle** for the extraction or efficient representation of


Minerva Fellow Interview: Charlotte Bloom
Charlotte Bloom. Ddegeya, Uganda
My placement was at Engeye Health Clinic in Ddegeya, Uganda, and I was incredibly fortunate to be placed there. It was a wonderful and challenging honor to live in Ddegeya.
2. What was your fondest memory of your time as a Minerva Fellow?
All of the relationships I formed with community members and the Engeye staff. All of the time I spent with the community members, coloring, playing with the babies, and talking with the clinic staff.
3. What did you do during your time? What does the fellowship entail?
I worked in the clinic, completing simple lab tests, taking vitals, and filling pharmaceutical orders. I played with the babies and the village kids when the clinic was slow. In the past 4 months, my fellow fellow, Joe Hinderstein, and I, worked with the staff and the U.S.-based board to develop comprehensive plans to add maternal services to the clinic. Each day was different, but we spent time getting to know the community, learning as much as we could about the clinic and central Uganda, and ultimately devised plans to make the community stronger–all things inline with the fellowship's ideals.
4. How has the trip changed you?
I learned what mattered to me, and often these were thing that were far different from what held importance in my life before living in Ddegeya, Uganda. I learned a lot about perseverance, healthcare, dedication, grit, and global health. I learned about passion, and following my dreams. It gave me passion for global health and women's health. My time in the village added to my perspective in many ways.
Leave a Reply


Challenge 80 Answer
5-digit palindromes
For the first digit we have 9 options (cannot start with zero).
For the second and third digits we can accept any number between 0 and 9 (ie we have 10 options).
For the fourth and fifth digits, there is only one option, as they must be equal to the second and first digits, respectively.
ABCBA = 9 x 10 x 10 x 1 x 1 = 900
There are 900 5-digit palindrome numbers!
Back to statement


Home » Methodology spot: April 2023
Methodology spot: April 2023
TS511876 l 1
Question 1: All assessors
You have noticed that a previous assessor in your office has left an assessment that was completed three months ago in draft. All of the sections within the assessment have been marked complete. Do you:
 1. Mark the assessment complete yourself. This means that you are now clinically responsible for that assessment's content.
 2. Let the assessor know and ask them to mark the assessment complete.
 3. Ignore the issue as the previous assessor should be running an incomplete assessment report regularly.
Question 2: For HC, CHA, PC and LTCF Assessors
A person can only ever have one First Assessment of a particular assessment type. You have discontinued or errored out your person's 'first assessment' as you gathered more information from the family that needed to be added in.
The new assessment should be coded as:
 1. First assessment
 2. Routine assessment
 3. Return assessment
 4. Other.
Question 3: All assessors
What happens if I enter today's date as the Assessment Reference Date (ARD), and the person sees a GP later the same day and rings me to let me know some important clinical developments?
 1. Yes, include the GP visit information for that day, as you are there assessing the person on the same day.
 2. No, do not include information about any activity that occurs after the date and time you complete the assessment.
Answers
Q1: 2
Q2: 1 (this is still the person's 'first interRAI assessment of the assessment type)
Q3: 2.


text:
New Developments in Scale-out vs. Scale-up Storage
sponsored by Storage Decisions
Scale-out disk storage systems are built using nodes or modules that, when linked together, act as a single system. They allow companies to start small and grow incrementally, adding nodes as they need them, without having to worry about the limits of a single standalone storage system. They offer the advantage of cost-effective manageability, high availability, and reliability. Predictions are that the new wave of scale-out systems could mount a more serious challenge to traditional scale-up systems, now that major vendors are standing behind them.
Check out this presentation to learn about topics, such as:
- Distinctions between scale-out and scale-up systems
- Major use cases
- Assessment of new scale-out/clustered storage systems from major vendors
(THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER AVAILABLE.)


RESEARCH PAPER
Human health cost of hydrogen sulfide air pollution from an oil and gas Field

More details
Hide details
1
Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Dinara Kenessary
Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan

Ann Agric Environ Med. 2017;24(2):213–216

KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Introduction and objective:
The Karachaganak oil and gas condensate field (KOGCF), one of the largest in the world, located in the Republic of Kazakhstan (RoK) in Central Asia, is surrounded by 10 settlements with a total population of 9,000 people. Approximately73% of this population constantly mention a specific odour of rotten eggs in the air, typical for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emissions, and the occurrence of low-level concentrations of hydrogen sulfide around certain industrial installations (esp. oil refineries) is a well known fact. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the impact on human health and the economic damage to the country due to H2S emissions.
Material and Methods:
Dose-response dependency between H2S concentrations in the air and cardiovascular morbidity using multiple regression analysis was applied. Economic damage from morbidity was derived with a newly-developed method, with Kazakhstani peculiarities taken into account.
Results:
Hydrogen sulfide air pollution due to the KOGCF activity costs the state almost $60,000 per year. Moreover, this is the reason for a more than 40% rise incardiovascular morbidity in the region.
Conclusions:
The reduction of hydrogen sulfide emissions into the air is recommended, as well as successive constant ambient air monitoring in future. Economic damage evaluation should be made mandatory, on a legal basis, whenever an industrial facility operation results in associated air pollution.

REFERENCES (25)
1.
WHO databases. Burden of disease from Ambient Air Pollution for 2012. Summary of results. Available from: _URL_ – 91k.

2.
Kenessariyev UI. Hygienic basis of assessement prognosses and development of environmental-health system at KOGCF. [dissertation]. Almaty (RoK); 1993.

3.
Omarkojaeva GN. Complex assessemnet of environment quality and risk-factors of oil fields [dissertation]. Almaty (RoK);KazNMU; 2006.

4.
Kurmangaliev ОМ. Ecological and hygienic aspects of forming pathology of the genitourinary system in RoK oil and gas condensate regions (on an example of KOGCF). [dissertation]. Almaty (RoK); 2008.

5.
Alikeeva GM. Hygienic assessement and prognoses of sanitary-demographic processess in KOGCF region [dissertation]. Almaty (RoK);KazNMU;2001.

6.
Hirsch AR, Zavala G. Long-term effects on the olfactory system of exposure to hydrogen sulphide. Occup Environ Med 1999; 56:284–287. Available from: _URL_

7.
Erzhanova AE. Mathematical modeling of the air quality effect on public health (on the example of the Karachaganak oil and gas field). Veda a vznik – 2009/2010: Proceedings of the 5th International scientific conference; 2009–2010; 27 December – 5 Jan; Prague; Czech Republic. p. 7–9.

8.
Kenessariyev UI, Dosmukhametiv AT, Amrin MK, Erzhanova AE. Human health risk assessement in oil and gas condensate region. Vestnik Kaz NMU. 2012. №1: 334–336. Available from: _URL_

9.
Gladkih AU, Shiryaeva T, Pedorenko EN, Kamaeva TA, Kaidakova NN, et al. Established Karachaganak oil gas and condensate field sanitary protection zone; Volume-1; Kazakhstan Agency of Applied Ecology; Almaty, 2013. Project. pp. 19–20, pp. 131–135, p.202. Contract No: AP/Y/13/0272. Sponsored by KPO b.v.

10.
RoK Government Decree No1400. On the remuneration system for civil servants, employees of organizations financed from the state budget, workers of state enterprises. Dec 29, 2007. Available from: _URL_

11.
RoK Ministry of Health Decree No936 (30.12.2011). Appendix 11. Available from: _URL_

12.
Kilburn KH, Thrasher JD, GrayMR.Low-level hydrogen sulfide and central nervous system dysfunction. Environ Epidemiol Toxicol 1999; 1: 207–17. Available from: _URL_

13.
Legator MS, Singleton CR, Morris DL, Philips DL.Health effects from chronic low-level exposure to hydrogen sulfide.Arch Environ Health. 2001; 56(2): 123–31. Available from: _URL_

14.
Tarver GA, Dasgupta PK. Oil Field Hydrogen Sulfide in Texas: Emission Estimates and Fate. Environ Sci Tech. 1997; 31: 3669–3676.

15.
Matias SA, Elizabeth DW, Michael JP, Gaskins HR. Evidence That Hydrogen Sulfide Is a Genotoxic Agent. Molecular Cancer Research 2006; 4: 9–14. Available from: _URL_

16.
Matias SA, Elizabeth DW, Gaskins HR, Michael JP. Hydrogen Sulfide Induces Direct Radical-Associated DNA Damage. Mol Canc Res. 2007; 5(5): 455–459. Available from: _URL_

17.
Baskar R, Li L, Moore PK. Hydrogen sulfide-induces DNA damage and changes in apoptotic gene expression inhuman lung fibroblast cells.FASEB J. 2007;21(1):247–55. Epub 2006. Available from: _URL_

18.
Saadat M,Zendeh-Boodi Z. Association between genetic polymorphism of GSTT1 and depression score inindividuals chronically exposed to natural sour gas. Neurosci Lett. 2008; 435(1): 65–8. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.02.008. Epub 2008.

19.
Hydrogen sulfide. Geneva, World Health Organization, 1981 (Environmental HealthCriteria, No. 19). Available from: _URL_

20.
Statistical Annals. Kazakhstan in 2012. RoK statistics Agency. Astana. 2013. Available from: file://localhost/C:/Users/user/Downloads/1-Казахстан%20в%202012%20году.pdf.

21.
Health of the RoK and the Activities of Health Care Organizations in 2012. Statistical Book. The Ministry of Health (RoK). Astana. 2013.

22.
Diagnostic and treatment protocols for diseases (intended for primary health care facilities). LBC 51.1 (2) 2. RoK Ministry of Health Decree No 655 (30.12.2005).

23.
Diagnostic and treatment protocols for diseases (intended for hospitals of therapeutic type). LBC 53.5. RoK Ministry of Health Decree No 655 (30.12.2005).

24.
RoK Labor Code (including amendments and additions). Art.159, paragraph 3 (04.07.2013).

25.
Burlin central district hospital Statistics Division. Data on the primary morbidity and demographic indicators in 2012.

eISSN:_PHONE_
ISSN:_PHONE_


Calibration Curves, Part 2: What are the Limits?
Article
LCGC Europe
LCGC EuropeLCGC Europe-05-01-2009
Volume 22
Issue 5
Pages: 244–247
How are the signal-to-noise ratio and imprecision related?
This is the second instalment in a series of "LC Troubleshooting" articles on calibration curves for liquid chromatography (LC) separations. Last month's column looked briefly at single-point, two-point and multipoint calibration curves.1 Then the multipoint calibration curve was used to illustrate the importance of deciding whether or not to force the curve through the origin (x = 0, y = 0). This month we will look at the signal-to-noise ratio and its relationship to uncertainty in a measurement. We will use this information as a tool to set the lower limits for a method. Next month, we will look at some additional ways to evaluate calibration curves.
Figure 1
Signal-to-Noise and %-Error
Before we look at method limits, we need to examine the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and how it relates to %-error — this is the basis of the lower limits for a method. S/N is determined as shown in Figure 1. If measured manually, print an expanded chromatogram or work with an expanded version on the computer monitor, then draw horizontal lines at the bottom and top edges of the baseline that bracket most of the noise; the distance between these is the noise (0.18 units in Figure 1; the measurement units are unimportant, because they cancel). The signal is the distance from the middle of the baseline noise to the top of the peak (1.14 units in Figure 1). S/N is simply the ratio of these two values (1.14/0.18 = 6.3). The data system might be able to measure the noise automatically by averaging the noise over a selected time, using a root-mean-square (RMS) algorithm. The signal is the peak height (be sure to use the same units of measurement for both signal and noise). Noise, of course, is superimposed on the signal at the top of the peak, so picking the magnitude of the signal is somewhat uncertain, which adds error to the measurement. As the peak gets larger, the errors contributed by measurements at the baseline and the peak top become a smaller proportion of the total, so their contribution to the uncertainty of the reported peak area (or height) becomes smaller. The error contributed by S/N can be estimated by
Thus, from the data of Figure 1, the percent relative standard deviation (%RSD) is (50/6.3) ≈ 7.9%. We can use Equation 1 to make a plot of %RSD versus S/N, as in Figure 2, where the error in the measurement (%RSD) is negligible at large ratios of S/N and grows larger with diminishing S/N. One way to define trace analysis is that it encompasses analyte concentrations at which the overall method error is affected by S/N. When S/N exceeds 50–100, its RSD will be <1%, which is negligible in most methods, so methods with S/N < 100 might be considered trace analysis. The lower limits of the method are in this region of trace analysis, so S/N can be an important factor in the overall method error.
Figure 2
Each source of error x in a method accumulates as the sum of the variances x2 :
where E T is the total error and E1, E2...En are the contributions of error from each source, 1, 2...n. For example, E1 might be the error due to sample preparation, E2 the error due to the autosampler, E3 the error due to signal-to-noise (Equation 1) and so forth. As a general rule, if there are multiple sources of error and the %RSD of a single error source is less than half the total RSD, its contribution to total RSD will be less than 15%. The largest error source in Equation 2 will dominate the result, so to reduce the total error, the largest source of error (often S/N at the lower limits of a method) should be reduced first. If a single source of error is larger than the acceptable total error, the desired total error will not be reached until this source is reduced. This means that we want S/N to be small enough that it is not a dominant factor in the overall method error, as calculated by Equation 2. Equation 2 gives us a tool to examine the effect of S/N on the overall method error.
Let's look at two types of pharmaceutical methods, a high-precision method to measure the content of a drug substance (the chemical itself) or potency of a drug product (the formulated drug) and a low-precision bioanalytical method to measure the drug in plasma. The first method type typically has a requirement that imprecision is no larger than ±2% RSD, whereas the latter will tolerate ±20% variability at the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ). For a high-precision method, we generally like to develop the method so that the imprecision for the validated method is less than the requirement, so there is some tolerance for additional errors if unexpected changes take place in time. This might lead us to establish a target of ±1% RSD for the high-precision method. If we want S/N to contribute less than 15% of this overall error, it must be no more than half of this, or ≤0.5% RSD. Rearranging Equation 1 to
allows us to determine that S/N must be at least (50/0.5) ≈ 100. This is why, for high-precision methods, we want to have large peaks and smooth baselines — to keep the S/N contribution to overall error low. With a bioanalytical method, we can go through the same logic and come up with a target that for S/N to contribute less than 10% RSD, S/N > 5 (= 50/10) is required. A S/N value of 10 is commonly used for the LLOQ (see additional discussion in the following section), so this would mean 5% RSD contributed by S/N. Bioanalytical methods also have substantial error in sample preparation that add in to the total, as in Equation 2.
Limit of Detection
Next let's turn our attention to the limit of detection (LOD) and lower limit of quantification (LLOQ, also called the limit of quantification, or just lower limit). The LOD is the smallest concentration at which you can state confidently that an analyte is present. The International Committee on Harmonization (ICH) lists three methods to determine the LOD:2
 - visual evaluation
 - signal-to-noise
 - standard deviation of the response and the slope
Visual evaluation: Establishing the LOD just by looking at the chromatogram ("Yes, I am pretty sure that there is a peak present.") is highly subject to operator bias, even if unintended. This is not a quantitative technique and I do not recommend using it except for making a decision about what concentration to examine more closely using one of the other two techniques.
Signal-to-noise: A value of S/N = 3 is commonly used to determine LOD. If S/N alone is used, this technique is also somewhat subject to operator bias, because measuring both the signal and noise might have to be done manually. A better technique is to turn the S/N technique into a statistical technique with the help of Equation 1. According to Equation 1, ≈ 17% RSD (= 50/3) should be observed at S/N = 3. Now we can pick a candidate concentration for the LOD by using a visual guess or measuring S/N = 3 for a peak. Next, we inject a sufficient number of replicate injections (five or six is sufficient) to calculate the %RSD of the peak area. If RSD ≈ 17%, this confirms the LOD.
Standard deviation of the response and the slope: This technique relies on the overall performance of the calibration curve, not just the response at one concentration, to estimate the LOD. Equation 4 is listed in reference 2:
where σ is the standard deviation for a calibration curve and S' is its slope (for example, unit response per ng/mL of concentration). The tables from last month's example are repeated as Tables 1 and 2.1 Table 1 contains the data for a calibration curve covering analyte concentrations of 1–1000 ng/mL. Table 2 is a portion of the linear regression results produced by Excel for these data. For Equation 4, we set the standard error (SE) of the y-intercept equal to σ (see last month's article for justification of using this instead of SE for the entire curve). The X-variable (slope) of Table 2 is set equal to S'. Thus, for these data, LOD = (3.3 x 0.5244)/0.9963 = 1.74 ng/mL. For convenience, this would probably be rounded to 1.75 or 2.0 ng/mL. Then five or six injections would be made at this concentration to confirm that RSD ≤ 17%, as expected at the LOD.


text:
Darband Cave is located in the Western Alborz range and contains the first known evidence for Lower Paleolithic cave occupation in Iran. A collection of lithic artifacts and faunal remains was collected by a group of Iranian archaeologists from the Center for Paleolithic Research of the National Museum of Iran and ICHTO of Gilan. The site dates back to the late Middle Pleistocene period.
Biglari, F.; Jahani, V.; Mashkour, M.; Argant, A.; Shidrang, S.; and Taheri, K.
2007 Darband Cave: New Evidence for Lower Paleolithic occupation at Western Alborz Range, Gilan. Paper presented at the 11th Symposium of the Geological Society of Iran, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad
Biglari, F. and S. Shidrang, 2006 "The Lower Paleolithic Occupation of Iran", Near Eastern Archaeology 69(34): 160-168


text:
Remote monitoring of water wells without power supply
Battery-powered measurement solution for water abstraction
- Energy self-sufficient flow, pressure and hydrostatic level measurement with remote data transfer
- Data logging and wireless communication via GSM/GPRS
- Combined solution for an efficient groundwater management
Abstraction wells are subject to ageing processes. Ochre sedimentation caused by iron and manganese ore deposits can have a severe impact on the efficiency of water abstraction. Thus, efficient groundwater management involving long-term well monitoring is key to sustainable water supply. This allows well operators to plan for, water well maintenance ahead of time and optimize well rehabilitation.
For monitoring of groundwater abstraction wells, KROHNE offers a tailored energy self-sufficient measurement solution with wireless communication. The solution perfectly fits the existing infrastructure, which in most cases involves vacuum wells without power supply. The measurement solution combines a battery-powered water meter with a pressure transmitter and a hydrostatic level probe. Pressure and level devices are both loop-powered by a battery-operated data logger with integrated GSM/GPRS module.
The most important parameters like flow rate of abstracted water, negative pressure and groundwater level are wirelessly transmitted to the control room. The time interval of data transfer is freely adjustable. Using this solution enables operators to monitor the efficiency of water abstraction and water well ageing on an ongoing basis.
The solution can also provide additional information about the status of each installation – e.g.


text:
Make your FCP existence a seamless one when simultaneously running FCP 7 and FCP X!
If you're thinking about purchasing FCP X and its accompanying Final Cut Studio applications (Motion 5 and Compressor 4), you are probably aware that you can also run FCP 7 and the Final Cut Studio 3 applications on the same machine. However, there are several considerations and limitations you'll need to be aware of if you want to effectively run both groups of applications. This video tutorial takes you through all of the in's and out's of seamlessly running each collection of software.
This Final Cut Pro X video tutorial will help you:
- Understand the limitations of installing and running FCP 7 and FCP X on the same system
- Create and establish the correct folder hierarchy within OS X when moving from using FCP 7 to FCP X, and vice versa
- Understand the rules for storing FCP icons in the Mac OS X dock
- Understand how to appropriately round-trip FCP Studio applications
- Understand the rules for launching FCP 7 and FCP X


text:
The most recent smart technology is making it simpler to create a modern and more comfortable environment as Los Angeles homeowners decide to renovate their bathrooms. Smart technology can be utilized to design a bathroom environment that is more effective, fashionable, and practical.
There are several alternatives to consider when integrating smart technology into a bathroom redesign. There are many methods to improve the comfort and functionality of a bathroom, from digital showers that let users manage the water temperature and pressure to LED lighting that can be changed to any brightness level and color temperature.
One of the most popular choices for Los Angeles homes is LED lighting. Energy-efficient LED lights also last longer than conventional bulbs. LED lighting can be put in the ceiling, walls, shower, and even the mirror for a totally contemporary appearance. To set the mood, LED lights can be lowered or intensified to create a soothing environment.
Another fantastic choice for people wishing to modernize their bathrooms is a digital shower. Since customers may regulate the water pressure and temperature from the comfort of their own homes, digital showers have grown in popularity in recent years. Additionally, these showers have built-in safety mechanisms that guard against slips and scalding.
Another well-liked choice for individuals wishing to update their bathrooms is the smart toilet. Smart toilets come with a number of cutting-edge technologies that can make using the restroom more easy. These toilets are likely to make bathroom trips more comfortable, from self-cleaning toilets with sensors that recognize when the user is finished to toilets with adjustable seats and hot water.
Last but not least, installing a smart mirror can make a bathroom more modern. Motion sensors, voice activation, and LED lighting are features of smart mirrors. Additionally, they have built-in speakers that enable customers to listen to music as they groom. A wide range of apps are available on smart mirrors as well, which can assist users in monitoring their daily wellness and health.
Smart technology integration into bathroom renovations is gaining popularity among Los Angeles residents. With the wide range of smart technology solutions available, designing a contemporary, functional, and comfortable bathroom is simple. There are several methods to make a bathroom more functional and enjoyable, including LED lighting, digital showers, and smart mirrors.


text: This paper experimentally and computationally examines the modal sensors integrated with a recently developed rotary ultrasonic motor (USM) driven by continuous wedge waves of the fundamental modes with the integer circumferential modal number. The traveling wave is formed from constructive interference of two equal-intensity standing waves induced by two comb transducers using dual sinusoidal excitations in 90 degree phase difference. The transducers and modal sensors are segmented in strips around the circumference of piezoelectric tube in the circular wedge-like motor stator. The latter are used to monitor the dynamic response of the stator during operation. The response of USM acquired by the proposed modal sensors has distinct vital characteristics in different frequency bands. The high-pass signals are used not only to note the variation in phase difference between excitations but to detect the resonant frequency, which is altered by payload, wear situation, etc. The low-pass signal reveals the revolution speed and dynamic reaction of the motor stator exerted by frictions and contact forces because of the rotor. The time-frequency response of stator is further characterized during the period in which the revolving direction of rotor is switched over.


Switch to ADA Accessible Theme
Close Menu
Florida Bankruptcy Lawyer
How to tell if a debt collector is legitimate
When a Florida resident receives a call from a debt collector, it could be a valid collector trying to collect a debt based on incorrect information. It could also be a scammer trying to dupe an individual into handing over their cash. To determine if a debt collector is legitimate, it is important to understand the restrictions placed on them by the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act.
When contacted by a debt collector, an individual should ask for information such as the caller's name and the company that he or she represents. Individuals should also ask the supposed debt collector to confirm the name and address of who it is trying to reach. If a debt collector is legitimate, it should have that information available and share it with no qualms.
If a supposed debt collector verifies the last four digits of a person's Social Security number, it is not a legitimate debt collector. Under the FDCPA, it is illegal to share such information. Furthermore, individuals should not share this information to anyone even if a debt collector seems legitimate. Those who are still wary about whether or not they owe money should ask to have a written validation notice sent to them. That notice should arrive within five business days.
Filing for personal bankruptcy may put a stop to creditor harassment or calls for debt collectors. Once a debt has been discharged in bankruptcy, an individual has no further obligation to pay it. In some cases, a debtor may keep some or all property such as a home or car during the bankruptcy process. If a person files for Chapter 13 bankruptcy, he or she has three or five years to make payments to creditors under a court-approved plan.
Facebook Twitter LinkedIn