Understanding LDAP Security Processing
Understanding LDAP Security Processing
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It's Randy again, here to discuss LDAP security. Lightweight Directory Access Protocol is an interface used to read from and write to the Active Directory database. Therefore, your Active Directory Administration tools (i.e. AD Users and Computers, AD Sites and Services, etc.) as well as third party tools are often going to use LDAP to bind to the database in order to manage your domain. As you can imagine, we rely on Windows security to authorize what users can do when accessing this important database. Access to this database is controlled by the Directory System Agent (DSA), which is represented by Ntdsa.dll on a domain controller. Ntdsa.dll runs as a part of the Local Security Authority (LSA), which runs as Lsass.exe.
The process of granting access is a two step process; Authentication and Authorization. This blog post will focus on the Authentication portion (verifying the user's identity.) If you would like to learn more about the Authorization process, please read my post on security tokens. Objects in the Active Directory database conform to the same rules as other Windows objects. They have permissions and privileges that govern what the authenticated user can do.
I use the LDP.EXE utility in Windows 2008 to reproduce all of the scenarios that follow. This tool is a client GUI to connect, bind and administrate Active Directory. You also want to download Network Monitor if you are troubleshooting an LDAP problem or want to follow along in your own network traces.
If you open up LDP and choose "Connect…" under the Connection menu and do not put in any parameters:
And choose bind as currently logged on user:
The first thing that you will notice is that it just works. We locate a valid domain controller when we do not specify a target DC by leveraging the DC Locator process and we bind as the currently logged on user by leveraging the security packages included in Windows. So what do we see in a network trace? We will be filtering on LDAP when opening in Network Monitor 3.3.
Why do we get results in LDP.exe before we even Bind?
The first set of traffic that we see is a couple of LDAP Search Requests and Search Responses. You can see this in the Description field of the Frame Summary:
So why do we see an LDAP search request before we do the LDAP bind? This is because we first access the "RootDSE" partition of the Active Directory Database as an anonymous connection to query information on the rules to bind and authenticate to this DSA. We allow anonymous access to this root, but in Windows Server 2003 and later we deny anonymous access to all other partitions in Active Directory. You can change this setting by changing the DSHeuristics value; this will be a forest-wide change for the behavior of all domain controllers.
You can see the LDAP request parameters as "BaseDN: NULL" if you look at the Frame Details pane of the LDAP search request. Expand the "LDAP: Search Request ", then expand the "Parser: Search Request", then expand the "Search Request":
"BaseDN" is the container where the search begins in the LDAP query. NULL is going to be the RootDSE of the domain controller. This is why results return in the right hand pane of the LDP utility before we even bind.
The "LDAP: Search Result" shows this same data if you expand the "LDAP: Search Result", then expand the "Parser: Search Result", then expand the "SearchResultEntry":
Notice that the results in the trace are identical to what displays on the LDP.exe result pane. One important piece of information that we get is "supportedSASLMechanisms". These are the supported security mechanisms that we can use in our LDAP bind. We will discuss this later in the post.
Why do we log on as 'Null' when we select to pass credentials?
So next we bind and select the default of currently logged on user. In the result pane of LDP it shows that we are logging on as 'NULL'.
I consider this more as an idiosyncrasy of the tool and not completely accurate. When we perform the Bind, we do present 'NULL' credentials, but specify SASL as the authentication type. At this point, we are passing the authentication process off to the SASL mechanism to complete. We can see evidence of this in the network trace.
Looking at the Bind Request in the frame details pane, you will see some interesting information as you expand out the LDAP packet:
Here we see that we are passing NULL credentials, but negotiate SASL authentication. Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL) is a method for adding authentication support to connection-based protocols. So basically, LDAP binds with NULL credentials because we are handing off the logon process to SASL and letting it do all the work. We see details of the negotiation process in the bind request and where we present the Kerberos session ticket as a result of selecting the GSS-SPEGNO SASL mechanism:
So how does SASL provide authentication?
For detailed information, you can check out the IETF explanation of SASL. Similar to how the Security Support Provider Interface (SSPI) uses security packages, SASL will use registered SASL mechanisms to complete the authentication process. During the initial LDAP query for supportedSASLMechanisms described earlier. We retrieve a list of all the mechanisms from which the client and server will choose. Below is a list of the default mechanisms in Windows Server 2008.
Authentication Protocols
GSS-SPNEGO, in turn, uses Kerberos or NTLM as the underlying authentication protocol.
GSSAPI, in turn, always uses Kerberos as the underlying authentication protocol.
Used to allow a client to authenticate itself using information provided outside of the LDAP communication. Can be used to present certificates to establish TLS or IPSec.
Encrypts authentication using Digest-MD5
The LDP tool allows you to choose various mechanisms and is a great tool to test connections when other tools fail. You can select the appropriate bind specifications in order to closely simulate what your application is trying to perform.
The application will decide how it will bind to the database by what functions are used to establish the connection (i.e. LDAP_Simple_bind, LDAP_Sasl_bind, etc )
What about LDAP signing?
If you have ever looked through security settings in Group Policy, you may have stumbled on a couple related to LDAP.
Domain controller: LDAP server signing requirementsNetwork security: LDAP client signing requirements
These are both under Computer Configuration \ Windows Settings \ Security Settings \ Local Policies\Security Options.
Signing LDAP traffic is a way to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks. By signing the LDAP traffic, this guarantees that the LDAP response did originate from the DC of whom the request was made. With these settings enabled, computers would not be able to intercept the traffic and modify the data on the wire. You can see the digital signing value in the network trace below. This value will be on every LDAP response from the DC where signing is done.
What is a Simple Bind?
An LDAP Simple Bind will send username and password in clear text to provide credentials to the LDAP server. This is not secure, so if your application is using simple binds it needs to be reconfigured or updated. You can create a Simple Bind using this option in LDP.exe or calling the LDAP_Simple_bind function in your code. In a network trace we can see the username and password in the LDAP BIND Frame.
With Signing required in my domain, I was unable to perform a simple bind with LDP.exe. I received the error "LDAP_Simple_Bind failed: Strong Authentication Required".
What is an Anonymous Bind?
As mentioned earlier, every LDAP connection is going to perform an anonymous bind to query RootDSE of the LDAP server. Also mentioned earlier, by changing the DSHueristics value on your AD Forest, you can permit Anonymous Bind LDAP searches for all the AD Partitions. The anonymous bind is still restricted by the permissions on the Directory Objects themselves. I did an anonymous bind and performed a search for all the user objects in the domain and resulted in only one user because I had manually granted permissions on that User object.
I also had to grant permissions on the Organization Unit that contained the user; otherwise the anonymous logon was unable to traverse containers where it had no permissions. I did not have to grant access to the Domain Naming Context at the root. I was able to set permissions in "AD Users and Computers" by selecting the "Advanced Features" option in the View Menu.
What about LDAPS?
LDAPS uses SSL/TLS technology to establish an encrypted tunnel between the client and the LDAP server. The tunnel is encrypted with the LDAP server's PKI Certificate, this way no one else can read the traffic except for the client and LDAP server so the Client is free to perform a simple bind and safely pass the credentials in clear text. LDAPS is an entirely different subject that deserves its own post. Luckily James Carr has written it, check it out here.
Developers have a plethora of ways to bind to an Active Directory database. This provides supportability for numerous flavors of LDAP clients, but it does require some configuration on the part of the AD administrator. Farewell for now…
Randy "Baby Elvis, thank you verah muuuch" Turner
 - I am running Windows Server 2008 as a DC, AD LDS, AD, WSUS, etc and I'm trying to bnd to the LDAP (via AD LDS) using a 3rd party utility. I can not bind to it at all...then I found a KB to add userProxy class to the AD LDS but I'm unable to finish creating the object because the user


%0 Journal Article %J In Silico Biol %D 2006 %T Sequence-structure-function relation characterized in silico %A Brylinski, M %A Kochanczyk, M %A Konieczny, L %A Roterman, I %K Bacterial Proteins %K Binding Sites %K Databases, Protein %K Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions %K Ligands %K Models, Chemical %K Models, Molecular %K Thermodynamics %N 6 %P 589-600 %V 6 %X Methods for biological function recognition in silico appeared to be useful also for identifying characteristics of structure-to-function relations. The introduction of a three-dimensional Gauss function was assumed to represent the hydrophobic core in a protein molecule. The discrepancy between idealized "fuzzy oil-drop" and the observed one in real proteins appeared to be localized in the ligation site or in the area of biological function related part of protein molecule. The examples of proteins presented in this paper reveal that the structure-function relation can be evaluated and characterized also using the profile of the difference in value between idealized and real hydrophobicity distribution along the polypeptide chain. The specificity of particular polypeptide chain fragments in respect to their biological function and their specific participation in active site creation is discussed in this paper. The scale allowing comparison of different proteins in respect to their ligand-binding sites characteristics is introduced. %8 2006 %> _URL_


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Laser-Induced Graphene on a Quartz Crystal Microbalance for Humidity Sensing
- Laser-Induced Graphene on a Quartz Crystal Microbalance for Humidity Sensing
- Choi, Jihun; Baek, Saeyeon; Jeon, Sangmin; Yim, Changyong
- Date Issued
- In this study, a simple method for synthesizing graphene layer directly on a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) using a laser was developed. This laser-induced graphene (LIG) was used for sensing surface to simultaneously measure changes in the adsorbed mass, film stiffness, and electrical resistance during water adsorption. The developed LIG-QCM is convenient because its fabrication process is free of any tedious masking and vacuuming steps. A thin layer of polyimide (PI) film was spin-coated on one side of a quartz crystal microresonator, and interdigitated electrodes (IDE) were patterned on the PI surface using a laser engraver. The adsorption of water molecules on the sensing surface induced changes in mass, stiffness, and electrical conductivity, which were measured from the changes in resonance frequency, Q factor of the quartz crystal, and electrical resistance, respectively. The results indicated that the developed sensor could be a humidity sensing platform using LIG.
- Article Type
- CRYSTALS, vol. 11, no. 3, 2021-03
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source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Top Things Remembered From A Sermon
Isn't the Church Sermon great? After all, they are a chance to sleep, write silly blog posts, make paper aeroplanes, order pizza, hear and learn Gods wisdom through the study of his word. But the challenge for anyone giving the sermon in church is to ensure they get, and keep peoples attention*. Even the most charismatic of preachers cant stop everyone from being distracted from the sermon they are giving.
We asked a group of people what they were distracted by remembered from sermons over the last month.
 1. That noisy baby / toddler perfectly positioned behind your good ear.
 2. That coughing fit the old dear sitting near you had. Leading you to spend the rest of the service, keeping an eye on her, whilst trying to remember your fist aid training.
 3. The person behind you spilling their glass of water ALL over the place.
 4. Being distracted by calculating the flat surface a full glass of water can cover, once spilt.
 5. The plans for Sunday Roast your head came up with, only two minutes into the sermon.
 6. The last time you heard that illustration.
 7. Wondering if last weeks preacher was funnier.
 8. When you played the game of "Guessing the age of the guest speaker from the clues dropped in their sermon."
 9. The first and third times when a children's worker appeared, and you wondered if it was your child that was upset.
 10. That moment of hope when the preacher said "I'll close on this point"
*Yes we are aware that there are other things, such as being theologically sound, hearing from God, etc…
What do you remember from your last sermon?


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Top 3 Standards for Lithium Battery Safety Testing
For small lithium batteries, there are three standards that our Battery Lab tests to most often:
- UN/DOT 38.3 5th Edition, Amendment 1 – Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods
- IEC 62133-2:2017 – Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary lithium cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications – Part 2: Lithium systems
- UL 2054 2nd Edition – Household and Commercial Batteries
Following is a quick overview of each one.
Want to ship a lithium battery almost anywhere in the world by air, vessel, rail, or truck? Unless you want to be extremely restricted in your options for transporting your batteries (ground transport as Class 9 Hazardous Goods), you will need to certify that your batteries have passed UN/DOT 38.3.
Found in many countries' shipment of dangerous goods regulations, this standard is relevant for the transportation safety of all lithium metal and lithium ion cells and batteries
UN/DOT 38.3 is a self-certify standard but because of potential liability issues, most companies choose to use a third party test lab like MET Labs.
UN 38.3 presents a combination of significant environmental, mechanical, and electrical stresses, in sequence (T1-T5):
- T1 – Altitude Simulation (Primary and Secondary Cells and Batteries)
- T2 – Thermal Test (Primary and Secondary Cells and Batteries)
- T3 – Vibration (Primary and Secondary Cells and Batteries)
- T4 – Shock (Primary and Secondary Cells and Batteries)
- T5 – External Short Circuit (Primary and Secondary Cells and Batteries)
- T6 – Impact (Primary and Secondary Cells)
- T7 – Overcharge (Secondary Batteries)
- T8 – Forced Discharge (Primary and Secondary Cells)
Some tests are easier to pass than others. The altitude test is the easiest. The vibration test, on the other hand, is intense and long-running: 3 hours in each of the three cardinal planes. And the T1-T5 sequence typically has a negative cumulative effect.
Mandated by many IEC end-device standards, IEC 62133 is the de facto standard for international compliance. UN 38.3 transportation testing (see previous section) is an integral requirement, but does not need to be repeated.
The standard includes four tests:
- 2.2 Molded Case Stress
- 3.2 External Short Circuit
- 3.3 Free Fall
- 3.6 Overcharging of Battery
Compared to the requirements of UN 38.3, these tests are relatively easy to pass.
Compliance with the requirements of UL 2054 is mandated by a number of U.S. end device standards. It is a challenging standard involving roughly double the number of tests found in the UN or IEC requirements:
- 7 electrical tests
- 4 mechanical tests
- 4 battery enclosure tests
- 1 fire exposure test
- 2 environmental tests
With the inclusion of single faults and worst-case operation, the electrical tests are the most challenging. The abusive overcharge test is the most difficult given the overvoltage conditions applied to the faulted pack. Abnormal charge, forced discharge, and two short circuit tests also involve significant risk of failure.
For lithium batteries, UL 2054 defers all component cell level testing to UL 1642. Warning: Not all labs will accept another NRTL's test results. For example, when testing a battery to UL 2054, MET Labs will accept another NRTL's cell level UL 1642 test data and apply it to the UL 2054 testing. This saves the client time and money. We recommend avoiding NRTLs that don't follow this client-friendly practice.
The future of UL 2054 is cloudy. UL has released the first edition of UL 62133, which is fully harmonized with IEC 62133, 2nd Edition. UL 2054 and UL 62133 essentially compete for the same test space although their requirements are quite different. The timing of UL 62133 adoption is still unfolding, but it is expected to have an impact on the future role of UL 2054 as an important U.S. compliance standard.
In addition to these three standards, MET is increasingly seeing a demand for testing to IEEE 1625 and 1725 for CTIA battery certification. MET is a CTIA Authorized Test Lab that offers full scope CTIA-accredited battery testing and certification services for these standards.
Not sure what standard applies to your batteries? Contact us for quick and easy answers.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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is a confectionery made primarily of chocolate, and can either be solid, hollow, or filled with cream.
Chocolate has been the center of several successful book and film adaptations. In 1964, Roald Dahl published a children's novel titled Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. Roald Dahl ( 13 September 1916 – 23 November 1990) was a British Novelist Short story Writer Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (1964 is a children's book by British Author Roald Dahl. The novel centers around a poor boy named Charlie Bucket who takes a tour through the greatest chocolate factory in the world, owned by Willy Wonka. Willy Wonka is a fictional character in the Roald Dahl novel Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and its sequel Charlie and the Great Glass Two film adaptations of the novel were produced. The first was Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory, a 1971 film which later became a cult classic. Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory is a 1971 motion picture based on the 1964 Roald Dahl novel Charlie and the Chocolate Factory A cult film is a Film that has acquired a highly devoted but relatively small group of fans. Thirty-four years later, a second film adaptation was produced, titled Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is a 2005 Film directed by Tim Burton and starring Johnny Depp. The 2005 film was very well received by critics and was one of the highest grossing films of its year, earning over US$470,000,000 worldwide. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory was also recognized at the 78th Academy Awards, where it was nominated for Best Costume Design for Gabriella Pesucci. The 78th Academy Awards, honoring the best in film for 2005, were held on March 5 2006 at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood California This Academy Award was first given for movies made in 1948 when separate awards were given for black-and-white and color movies
Chocolat is a 1999 novel by Joanne Harris. Chocolat is a 1999 Novel by Joanne Harris. It tells the story of Vianne Rocher a young mother who arrives at a fictional insular A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story Joanne Michèle Sylvie Harris (b 3 July 1964, Barnsley, Yorkshire) is a British author It tells the story of Vianne Rocher, a young mother, whose confections change the lives of the townspeople through magic. The 2000 film adaptation, Chocolat, also proved successful, grossing over US$150,000,000 worldwide, and receiving Academy Award and Golden Globe nominations for Best Picture, Best Actress, and Best Original Score. Chocolat is a 2000 Film based on the novel of the same name by Joanne Harris, directed by Lasse Hallström. "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. The Golden Globe Awards are American awards for motion pictures and Television programs given out each year during a formal dinner The Academy Award for Best Motion Picture is one of the Awards of Merit presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS to artists working
Chocolate chips are small chunks of Chocolate. They are often sold in a round flat-bottomed teardrop shape " Big Chocolate " is a Pejorative business term assigned to multi-national Chocolate food producers much akin to the terms assigned to " Big Oil CACAO is a research Java Virtual Machine developed at Vienna University of Technology. Candida krusei is a budding Yeast (a species of Fungus) involved in Chocolate production Cocoa is the dried and fully fermented fatty seed of the cacao tree from which Chocolate is made Chocolate milk is a sweetened Cocoa - Flavored milk Drink. It can be purchased pre-mixed or made at home with either cocoa powder and a Fudge is a type of Confectionery which is usually very sweet extremely rich and sometimes flavored with Cocoa. Military chocolate has been a part of standard United States military ration since the original Ration D or D ration bar of Chocolate Activism is a form of Social activism and Fundraising involving the wrapping or sale of Chocolate. The chocolate game is a Game often played at Children's Parties, originating in Germany. The Open Directory Project ( ODP) also known as dmoz (from directory

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Most Common Types of Soil Found in Carpet
Our primary function as a cleaning service is identifying and removing soils in an effective and efficient manner. The more we know about dirt/soil the more successfully we can deal with it. Soil is a destructive force. Unless it is removed promptly, soil will discolor and eventually destroy any carpet.
As previously stated, the key job of carpet cleaning is to remove soil from carpet. However, there are several different types of soils and contaminants found in carpets. Knowing what type of soil is in the carpet is frequently the first step in effectively removing it.
As much as 80% of these soils are actually deposited onto carpets from the shoe bottoms of people walking into facilities, according to Mark Baxter, a carpet cleaning expert and product manager for U.S. Products…
U.S. Products' Carpet Cleaning Advisory found the top 10 types of soils found in carpets:
1. Sand, clay, and other "gritty" materials
2. Natural fibers such as lint from clothing
3. Gum
4. Petroleum, oil, and grease
5. Human hair and skin
6. Dust mites, fleas, and other insects
7. Organic soils and materials (minerals and soils from landscaping areas, for example)
8. Airborne carbon and automotive exhaust
9. Spilled food or beverages
10. So-called "miscellaneous unknowns"
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need, you can use a!relatedRecordData() to filter, sort, and limit the related record set returned from a one-to-many relationship. You can use this function in a query or a read-only grid.
In Design Mode
In Design Mode, you can filter, limit, and sort your related record set by clicking FILTER RELATED RECORDS under Related Record Data. This will walk you through configuring each parameter in the a!relatedRecordData() function.
Back in our example, we can limit the number of comments returned to 1 and sort by the latest value in the createdOn field from the Comment record type.
To configure this in Design Mode:
 1. In the read-only grid, click FILTER RELATED RECORDS under Related Record Data.
 2. Next to Related Record Data, click Edit as Expression. An expression dialog appears with the function a!relatedRecordData().
 3. In the Relationship parameter, enter a relationship reference. In this example, that is recordType!Case.relationships.comments.
 4. In the Limit parameter, enter the number of related records to return. In this example, that is 1.
 5. In the Sort parameter, use a!sortInfo() to sort the related record data. In this example, we'll use the createdOn field from the Comment record type in descending order.
 When applying a sort, you must start your record type reference directly from the related record type (recordType!<Related record type name>). See Filtering and sorting the related record set for more information.
 related-record-data-design-view
 6. Click OK.
In Expression Mode
In Expression Mode, you can filter, sort, and limit a related record set using a!relatedRecordData() in the relatedRecordData parameter of a!recordData() or a!queryRecordType().
To return the latest comment left on each case in a read-only grid, the full expression would look like this:
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a!gridField(
 label: "Support Cases",
 labelPosition: "ABOVE",
 data: a!recordData(
 recordType: recordType!Case,
 relatedRecordData: a!relatedRecordData(
 relationship: recordType!Case.relationships.comment,
 limit: 1,
 sort: a!sortInfo(
 field: recordType!Comment.fields.createdon,
 ascending: false
 ),
 )
 ),
 columns: ...
)
Both configurations would return something like this:
Read-only grid with a column that shows the latest comment on a case
See Reference a record type in an expression for more information on how to use relationships in Expression Mode.
Not only can you select related record fields, you can also aggregate across related record fields, and even filter your aggregation to get the exact data you need.
In Design Mode
When configuring a chart component in Design Mode, you can use your related record fields as a Measure and apply additional filters on the measure to specify which data is included in the aggregation.
For example, let's say you want to create a column chart that displays the number of cases associated with each customer, and the number of cases that have a status of "Critical".
Instead of creating two separate charts to display this information, we can use a single chart with two different measures: one calculating the total count of cases for each customer, and the other counting only cases that have a status of critical.
In this example, you'll use the Customer record type as the source of the column chart, and use the name field as the Primary Grouping field. Since the Customer record type has a one-to-many relationship with the Support Case record type, you can reference the id and status fields from the Support Case record type in the Measure fields and filters.
To create this chart:
 1. Set the Measure to Count of and select the id field from the Support Case record type. This displays the total count of cases associated with each customer.
 2. Click ADD MEASURE.
 3. Set the second Measure to Count of and select the id field from the Support Case record type.
 4. Click the edit icon next to the second measure.
 5. Click + ADD FILTERS and configure the filter:
 1. Set Field to status from the Case record type.
 2. Set Condition to equal to.
 3. Set Value to "Critical".
 6. Click OK. The second measure now displays the number of cases with the status of "Critical".
/all-cases-and-critical-cases
See Configuring Charts Using Records for more information and examples of how to configure charts.
In Expression Mode
To aggregate related record fields in Expression Mode, you'll use the a!measure() function. You can use this function in a!queryRecordType() or in any chart configuration.
For example, say you want to calculate the total number of cases created each month, and you also want to know how many of those cases had a status of "Critical". We'll use a!queryRecordType() to query this data, and use the Customer record type as the source.
For the grouping parameter, you'll use the name field from the Customer record type. Then, for the measure parameter, you'll use two instances of a!measure() to calculate the count of all cases, and the count of cases with a status of "Critical".
The expression would look something like this:
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a!queryRecordType(
 recordType: recordType!Customer,
 fields: a!aggregationFields(
 groupings: a!grouping(
 field: recordType!Customer.fields.name,
 alias: "customerName",
 ),
 measures: {
 /*Total case count */
 a!measure(
 field: recordType!Customer.relationships.cases.fields.id,
 function: "COUNT",
 alias: "totalCaseCount"
 ),
 /*Count of cases set to "Critical" */
 a!measure(
 field: recordType!Customer.relationships.cases.fields.id,
 function: "COUNT",
 filters: {
 a!queryFilter(
 field: recordType!Case.fields.status,
 operator: "=",
 value: "Closed"
 )
 },
 alias: "closedCases"
 )
 }
 ),
 pagingInfo: a!pagingInfo(startIndex: 1, batchSize: 500)
)
Which would returns:
Query results of the above expression
See Where to use Records for more examples using records and related records in your applications.
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Wednesday November 18, 2009
The Fudan-Queen's Centre for Environment and Sustainability Research opened this month at Fudan University in Shanghai, China. The new centre will allow Queen's professors to work in collaboration with colleagues in China, helping the Chinese address environmental challenges in a sustainable fashion.
"With our partners, we hope to help move China along a more sustainable path," says Urban and Regional Planning professor John Meligrana. "We'll also provide more learning opportunities for Queen's students and gain a better understanding of the challenges facing our planet when it comes to sustainable development."
The centre brings together expert researchers from both universities, and other institutions. It provides research and educational opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students, and potential for hosting conferences and workshops related to environment and sustainability research.
The Queen's-Fudan Centre is the newest element in the partnership between Queen's and Fudan universities. Its creation recognizes the need for global cooperation to identify, assess and provide practical solutions to some of the world's most pressing environmental problems, especially as they arise in the context of China, the world's greatest emerging economy


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The use of insect meal, derived from larvae, in animal diets is promising. But what is the nutritional value of this protein? A paper by Harinder Makkar reviewed 5 major insect species and their value for different animal species. Here we discuss the Black Soldier Fly.
Black soldier fly larvae are used live, chopped, or dried and ground. The larvae can feed quickly, from 25 to 500 mg of fresh matter/larva/day, and on a wide range of decaying organic materials and manure.
Use in pig diets needs AA balance
Black soldier larvae meal was found to be a suitable ingredient in growing pig diets, being especially valuable for its amino acid, lipid and Ca contents. However, its relative deficiency in methionine + cystine and threonine requires the inclusion of those amino acids (AA) for the preparation of balanced diets. The ash content of the meal is also high and this requires attention. The diets containing the larvae meal were as palatable as a soymeal based diet (Newton et al., 1977)
Trial with AA supplementation
In a trial, dried black soldier fly prepupae meal was fed to early weaned pigs as a replacement (0, 50, or 100%) for dried plasma (meal in the diet: 0% during phase 1, 2.5% during phase 2, and 5% during phase 3), with or without amino acid supplementation. Without amino acid supplementation, the 50% replacement diet gave slightly better performance during phase 1 (+4% gain, +9% feed efficiency). However, the 100% replacement diets did not perform as well as the control (overall performance reduced by 3 to 13%). Additional refinement (cuticle removal and rendering) may be necessary to make black soldier fly prepupae meal suitable for early weaned pigs (Newton et al., 2005)
Support growth in chicks
As a component of a complete diet, black soldier fly larvae meal has been found to support good growth in chicks. Chicks fed a diet containing dried black soldier fly larvae (as a substitute for soymeal) gained weight at a rate 96% (non-significant) of that of chicks fed the control diet containing soymeal, but they only consumed 93% (significant) as much feed (Hale, 1973 cited by Newton et al., 2005), suggesting higher feed conversion efficiency of diet containing the larvae meal.
Good results in fish diets
Several experiments have shown that black soldier fly larvae could partially or fully substitute for fishmeal in fish diets. However, additional trials as well as economic analyses are necessary because reduced performance has been observed in some cases, and the type of rearing substrate and the processing method affect the utilization of the larvae by fish.
Trout and Atlantic salmon trials
For example, dried ground black soldier fly prepupae reared on dairy cattle manure enriched with 25–50% trout offal could be used to replace up to 50% of fishmeal protein in trout diets for 8 weeks without significantly affecting fish growth or the sensory quality of trout fillets, though a slight (but non-significant) reduction in growth was observed (Sealey et al., 2011). In a 9-week study, replacing 25% of the fishmeal protein in rainbow trout diets with black soldier fly prepupae meal (reared on pig manure) did not affect weight gain and feed conversion ratio (St-Hilaire et al., 2007a). In Atlantic salmon, a control diet containing 200 g/kg fishmeal (FM) was stepwise replaced by insect meal (black soldier fly larvae) at 25%, 50% or 100% FM replacement. Insect meal containing diets performed equally well as the FM group and increase in feed conversion efficiency was observed. Histology did not show any differences between any of the dietary groups and sensory testing of fillets did not reveal any significant difference (Lock et al., 2014). However, these authors did caution that the method of preparation of insect meal could impact performance.
Source: Journal of Animal Feed Science and Technology


text:
Scott Memorial Service, St. Paul's, by unknown artist, 1913
- Published by Underground Electric Railways Company Ltd, 1913
- Format: Double royal
- Dimensions: Width: 635mm, Height: 1016mm
- Reference number: 1983/4/296
From its first pictorial poster in 1908, the Underground and then London Transport have promoted sightseeing in the capital. Posters encouraged visitors and Londoners alike to either take a conducted tour or to explore the city themselves. Well known landmarks such as Nelson's Column and Buckingham Palace featured the most frequently, although lesser known places of interest were also publicised. Many posters focused on a specific sight, others simply encouraged visitors to 'See London by coach' or 'See London in summer'. Green line coach and country bus services allowed sightseeing to extend beyond the city.
Show all records with Sightseeing theme
Places of worship
London's historic churches have always been popular sightseeing destinations. Posters regularly featured St Paul's Cathedral or Westminster Abbey and occasionally smaller churches and chapels. To encourage leisure travel by Green line coach and country bus services, posters also depicted places of worship outside London. These ranged from St Albans and Waltham Abbey to Jordans Quaker Meeting House in Buckinghamshire.
Show all records with Places of worship theme


text:
Does solid rocket fuel need oxygen?
The rocket is entirely fuelled with liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen cryogenic propellants.
Do solid fuel rockets need oxidizers?
There are actually two kinds of fuel used in rockets. The fuel can be divided into liquid fuel and solid fuel. With solid fuel, there must be both fuel and an oxidizer to make a solid fuel rocket go. An oxidizer is a chemical that is needed to make fuel burn.
Do rocket engines require oxygen?
Since there is no air and space, rockets need to take oxygen with them into space. Inside the rocket's engine, fuel and oxidizers are ignited in the combustion chamber, creating hot, expanding gases. … Since the fuel is burning, exhaust is released out the bottom.
How does a solid rocket booster work?
Why is liquid oxygen used in rockets?
If there is no oxygen in space, how do rockets ignite their engines? Rockets carry an oxidizer, often in the form of liquid oxygen, to burn their engine fuel.
What does NASA use for solid rocket fuel?
The solid fuel is actually powdered aluminum — a form similar to the foil wraps in your kitchen — mixed with oxygen provided by a chemical called ammonium perchlorate.
Does NASA reuse the solid rocket boosters?
The expended boosters are disassembled, refurbished and reloaded with solid propellant for reuse.
Does SpaceX use solid rocket boosters?
One of the main differences, they said, was that the shuttle had two solid rocket motors that thunder on their way to orbit. … SpaceX's Falcon 9 uses only liquid propellants, rocket-grade kerosene and liquid oxygen, and the result, the astronauts said, was a relatively fluid flight.
Are solid rocket boosters safe?
In a defense application, when you need things ready to go at any minute, solids are your absolute best choice." "They are very safe, very reliable, and they last a long time," said Scott Marston, vice president of strategic programs.
Why is aluminum in rocket fuel?
Aluminum has a stronger affinity for oxygen than most elements, which is most visible in aluminothermic reactions such as thermite. This allows aluminum to burn with a large release of heat in substances that one normally considers to be inert, such as carbon dioxide and water.
How much will SpaceX save with reusable rockets?
The Space and Missiles Systems Center last year modified the contracts for SpaceX's next two GPS III satellite launches to allow reuse, a move that the military estimated will save about $64 million. Notably, Space Force required that SpaceX use the same booster to launch SV05 that launched the SV04 satellite.
What fuel does SpaceX use?
SpaceX's next-generation Raptor engine, which will power the company's huge new Starship deep-space transportation system, employs supercooled liquid methane and LOX as propellants. The company's previous engines, Merlin and Kestrel, have also used LOX, though with refined kerosene rather than methane.
What is the most environmentally friendly rocket?
- The Orbex Prime is billed as the world's most environmentally friendly rocket.
- It produces up to 96 per cent less emissions than fossil fuel-powered vehicles.
- Designed to be reusable and not leave debris on land, oceans or atmosphere.
- Plan is to launch Prime rocket from Space Hub Sutherland in north of Scotland.
Can you look at thermite?
Wear a welding mask for complete protection.
A welding mask provides the best protection because it's designed for use with burning metals, such as thermite. Do not look into the flame directly, use welder's glasses. Looking at the flame directly could cause permanent eye damage.
How the solid rocket boosters use aluminum?
In the boosters, the aluminum powder and ammonium perchlorate are held together by a binder, polybutadiene acrylonitrile, or PBAN. … This reaction heats the inside of the solid rocket boosters to more than 5,000 degrees Fahrenheit, causing the water vapor and nitrogen to rapidly expand.
How do you make rocket fuel?
- 58 grams (2.0 oz) potassium nitrate (aka KNO3/saltpeter)
- 29 grams (1.0 oz) granulated white sugar.
- 13 millilitres (0.055 c) Karo syrup.
- 30 millilitres (0.13 c) distilled water.
Is rocket fuel sustainable?
Space rockets may not be very environmentally friendly. Space launches can have a hefty carbon footprint due to the burning of solid rocket fuels. … Rocket launches are nonetheless relatively infrequent, meaning that their overall impact on our climate remains much smaller than aviation's.
What rockets use hydrogen as a fuel?
For decades, NASA has relied upon hydrogen gas as rocket fuel to deliver crew and cargo to space. With the Centaur, Apollo and space shuttle vehicles, NASA has developed extensive experience in the safe and effective handling of hydrogen.


text:
Several installations in the Defenses of Washington, the ring of forts built around Washington, D.C., to protect the federal capital during the Civil War, were located close to and in Alexandria.
Unlike Fort Ellsworth and Fort Ward, which were positioned on higher inland elevations to the west, Battery Rodgers was located along the Potomac River, just south of the existing city limits.
Battery Rodgers was named for George W. Rodgers, a U.S. naval captain who was killed in 1863 during an attack on Fort Wagner at Charleston, S.C. Battery Rodgers was strategically positioned on a bluff at Jones Point, on the western side of the Potomac with Fort Foote, located about two miles south on the opposite side in Maryland. In this location, Battery Rodgers was able to guard against Confederate ships on the Potomac and enemy approaches by land to the south.
Plans for the water battery, as it was sometimes referred to, included a 185-foot-long main face, five 200-pounder Parrott rifles, one 15-inch Rodman gun, and two magazines. In this 1864 photograph, the door to one of those magazines is visible on the left, as is the Rodman gun. The gun was large enough for a person to crawl inside it and at least one man was photographed inside doing so. Additional facilities for this fortification included barracks, a mess hall, prison, hospital and slaughterhouse.
No remains of Battery Rodgers exist today, but markers along the waterfront and at the intersection of South Lee and Green streets recall its history.
Out of the Attic is provided by the Office of Historic Alexandria.


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CNN Student News - September 6, 2013
updated 7:43 PM EDT, Thu September 5, 2013
(CNN Student News) -- September 6, 2013
On Friday's show, CNN Student News explains what the G-20 summit is and what kind of drama could be looming on the sidelines. We'll also update our audience on the battle for the bones of a king who died in battle, and we'll introduce a CNN Hero whose vision is helping other people see.
Media Literacy Question of the Day:
How might news organizations from various countries cover the G-20 meeting of world leaders differently?
1. What country hosted this week's G-20 annual meeting of world leaders?
2. What cell phone company is Microsoft buying for more than $7 billion?
3. Which of these is a member of the order Cetacea: dolphins, hedgehogs, or shrimp?
4. On what massive island did scientists recently discover a canyon that is longer than the Grand Canyon?
5. Who is the current speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives?
6. What is measured in millisieverts?
7. Who set a world record for an uncaged swim from Havana, Cuba to Key West, Florida?
8. Who is the current U.S. Senate majority leader?
9. What is the Jewish new year called?
10. Two cities are fighting for the skeletal remains of which English king?
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Leicester, England; York, England
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Video Overview
Video Features
Qt Multimedia offers both high and low level C++ classes for playing and manipulating video data, and QML types for playback and control. Some of these classes also overlap with both camera and audio classes, which can be useful.
Video Implementation Details
Playing Video in C++
You can use the QMediaPlayer class to decode a video file, and display it using QVideoWidget, QGraphicsVideoItem, or a custom class.
Here's an example of using QVideoWidget:
player = new QMediaPlayer;
playlist = new QMediaPlaylist(player);
playlist->addMedia(QUrl("_URL_
playlist->addMedia(QUrl("_URL_
videoWidget = new QVideoWidget;
player->setVideoOutput(videoWidget);
videoWidget->show();
playlist->setCurrentIndex(1);
player->play();
And an example with QGraphicsVideoItem:
player = new QMediaPlayer(this);
QGraphicsVideoItem *item = new QGraphicsVideoItem;
player->setVideoOutput(item);
graphicsView->scene()->addItem(item);
graphicsView->show();
player->setMedia(QUrl("_URL_
player->play();
Playing Video in QML
You can use VideoOutput to render content that is provided by either a MediaPlayer or a Camera. The VideoOutput is a visual component that can be transformed or acted upon by shaders (as the QML Video Shader Effects Example shows), while all media decoding and playback control is handled by the MediaPlayer.
Alternatively there is also a higher level Video type that acts as a single, visual element to play video and control playback.
Working with Low Level Video Frames
Qt Multimedia offers a number of low level classes to make handling video frames a bit easier. These classes are primarily used when writing code that processes video or camera frames (for example, detecting barcodes, or applying a fancy vignette effect), or needs to display video in a special way that is otherwise unsupported.
The QVideoFrame class encapsulates a video frame and allows the contents to be mapped into system memory for manipulation or processing, while deriving a class from QAbstractVideoSurface allows you to receive these frames from QMediaPlayer and QCamera.
class MyVideoSurface : public QAbstractVideoSurface
{
 QList<QVideoFrame::PixelFormat> supportedPixelFormats(
 QAbstractVideoBuffer::HandleType handleType = QAbstractVideoBuffer::NoHandle) const
 {
 Q_UNUSED(handleType);
 // Return the formats you will support
 return QList<QVideoFrame::PixelFormat>() << QVideoFrame::Format_RGB565;
 }
 bool present(const QVideoFrame &frame)
 {
 Q_UNUSED(frame);
 // Handle the frame and do your processing
 return true;
 }
};
and with an instance of this surface, myVideoSurface, you can set the surface as the video output for QMediaPlayer.
player->setVideoOutput(myVideoSurface);
Several of the built-in Qt classes offer this functionality as well, so if you decode video in your application, you can present it to classes that offer a QVideoRendererControl class, and in QML you can set a custom object for the source of a VideoOutput with either a writable videoSurface property (that the instance will set it's internal video surface to) or a readable mediaObject property with a QMediaObject derived class that implements the QVideoRendererControl interface.
The following snippet shows a class that has a writable videoSurface property and receives frames through a public slot onNewVideoContentReceived(). These frames are then presented on the surface set in setVideoSurface().
class MyVideoProducer : public QObject
{
 Q_OBJECT
 Q_PROPERTY(QAbstractVideoSurface *videoSurface READ videoSurface WRITE setVideoSurface)
public:
 QAbstractVideoSurface* videoSurface() const { return m_surface; }
 void setVideoSurface(QAbstractVideoSurface *surface)
 {
 if (m_surface != surface && m_surface && m_surface->isActive()) {
 m_surface->stop();
 }
 m_surface = surface;
 if (m_surface)
 m_surface->start(m_format);
 }
 // ...
public slots:
 void onNewVideoContentReceived(const QVideoFrame &frame)
 {
 if (m_surface)
 m_surface->present(frame);
 }
private:
 QAbstractVideoSurface *m_surface;
 QVideoSurfaceFormat m_format;
};
Recording Video
You can use the QMediaRecorder class in conjunction with other classes to record video to disk. Primarily this is used with the camera, so consult the Camera Overview for more information.
Monitoring Video Frames
You can use the QVideoProbe class to access video frames as they flow through different parts of a media pipeline when using other classes like QMediaPlayer, QMediaRecorder or QCamera. After creating the high level media class, you can set the source of the video probe to that instance. This can be useful for performing some video processing tasks (like barcode recognition, or object detection) while the video is rendered normally. You can not affect the video frames using this class, and they may arrive at a slightly different time than they are being rendered.
Here's an example of installing a video probe while recording the camera:
camera = new QCamera;
viewfinder = new QCameraViewfinder();
camera->setViewfinder(viewfinder);
camera->setCaptureMode(QCamera::CaptureVideo);
videoProbe = new QVideoProbe(this);
if (videoProbe->setSource(camera)) {
 // Probing succeeded, videoProbe->isValid() should be true.
 connect(videoProbe, SIGNAL(videoFrameProbed(QVideoFrame)),
 this, SLOT(detectBarcodes(QVideoFrame)));
}
camera->start();
// Viewfinder frames should now also be emitted by
// the video probe, even in still image capture mode.
// Another alternative is to install the probe on a
// QMediaRecorder connected to the camera to get the
// recorded frames, if they are different from the
// viewfinder frames.
Examples
There are both C++ and QML examples available.
C++ Examples
QML Examples
Reference Documentation
C++ Classes
QAbstractVideoFilter
Represents a filter that is applied to the video frames received by a VideoOutput type
QVideoFilterRunnable
Represents the implementation of a filter that owns all graphics and computational resources, and performs the actual filtering or calculations
QAbstractVideoSurface
Base class for video presentation surfaces
QVideoProbe
Allows you to monitor video frames being played or recorded
QVideoSurfaceFormat
Specifies the stream format of a video presentation surface
QAbstractPlanarVideoBuffer
Abstraction for planar video data
QAbstractVideoBuffer
Abstraction for video data
QVideoFrame
Represents a frame of video data
QML Types
Video
A convenience type for showing a specified video
MediaPlayer
Add media playback to a scene
Playlist
For specifying a list of media to be played
PlaylistItem
Defines an item in a Playlist
VideoOutput
Render video or camera viewfinder
© 2018 The Qt Company Ltd. Documentation contributions included herein are the copyrights of their respective owners. The documentation provided herein is licensed under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License version 1.3 as published by the Free Software Foundation. Qt and respective logos are trademarks of The Qt Company Ltd. in Finland and/or other countries worldwide. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.


text:
A Wave-Parallel Computing (WPC) technique is proposed to address the interconnection problem in massively interconnected VLSI architectures. The fundamental concept is the multiplexing of several signals onto a single line using orthogonal sequences as information carriers. To reduce MUX/DEMUX circuits, we propose WPC concept which can process multiplexed data directly without decomposition. We investigate the possible implementation of WPC based on the present MOS technology, and propose the multiple-valued pseudo-orthogonal m-sequence carrier generation technique. Applications of WPC to neural networks and image processing are discussed, with emphasis on the reduction in the number of interconnections and on the noise tolerance property.
|Number of pages||6|
|Journal||Proceedings of The International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic|
|Publication status||Published - 1998 Jan 1|
|Event||Proceedings of the 1998 28th International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic - Fukuoka, Jpn|
Duration: 1998 May 27 → 1998 May 29
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Computer Science(all)


text:
If the diagonals are not equal, then either of two things is wonky.
1. The side walls are not plumb presently, and when you pull the top plate inwards they will either be more out of plumb or more in.
2. The ends of the front, unsheathed wall are not of equal height. If they were built on the floor with equal length studs, that's not likely. If the studs were nailed in place then more likely....?
Check both side walls right at the front corner for plumb and see what they read. This ain't rocket surgery, so you can make it better without too much trouble. :smile3:
If you don't have a come along, drive a substantial stake into the ground about 8 ft away and brace a 2 x 4 against the wall at the top to push it plumb. Once it's good, toe nail it in place until you can properly brace it. Proper diagonal bracing is "let in" to each stud as it passes over them making the brace flush for the sheathing.
Sheathing alone will brace it, but it aughta be plumb first, then nailed. The 4 X 8 sheathing can be used as large square, better than a 24" framing square in the corners.


Measuring Isotropic Field Strength: How to Calculate Isotropic Strength Values
Some probes determine the isotropic value by combining the amplitudes for the all axis in an electronic way. Before the amplitude is measured by the measurement circuit inside the probe. These probes are not able to display the field strength different field direction separately. They can only display the isotropic field strength. The disadvantage of this method is that it is not possible to apply correction values to the independent axis. This results in a higher measurement uncertainty.
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text:
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- French author Pierre-Ambroise François Choderlos de Laclos (1741–1803) published Les Liaisons dangereuses (Dangerous liaisons) in 1782, signed only with his initials. Widely regarded as scandalous work, the epistolary novel etched the name of Laclos in the literary tradition of the 18th century, in which fiction in the form of purportedly discovered letters and memoires flourished, and in which debauchery and anonymity were interlinked. In the novel, the characters Merteuil and Valmont, aristocratic members of an overly mannered, rarified society near the end of the ancien régime, hatch an infernal trap in which they themselves fall, leading to the story's tragic ending. The prodigious success of Les Liaisons dangereuses was only equaled by that of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's La Nouvelle Héloïse (The new Heloise) 20 years earlier. The novel, which Laclos initially entitled Le danger des liaisons (The danger of liaisons), is suffused with tension and moral ambiguity, and critics have long debated whether Laclos intended to write a work exposing the decadence of the aristocratic society of his day. This manuscript is a copy of an initial unknown draft, worked on by Laclos at two different times. Laclos later reordered some of the letters in the novel.
Title in Original Language
Type of Item
- Signed manuscript, corrected intermediate version. Paper, 93 pages; 25.5 x 20 centimeters. Half-binding in ivory


text:
currently not a multicultural environment and for the most part in my experience, most Japanese people will act very surprised when interacting with those who do not naturally understand Japan's cultural norms.
I think that immersion in native material is an important part of cultural studies. Harry Potter books individual are kinda long and the whole series itself would be a huge time investment. I think that time might be better spent reading Japanese native material.
Who should read this book?
People are are huge Harry Potter fans and want to read this book despite its weak points as a language study tool.
If you are interested in reading a novel based off of a story you already know, there are sooo many novelizations of movies or anime out there. There are also many books that have been turned into movies. I do not think it would be difficult to find an alternative book that readers will find to be good comfortable reads.
Of course please ignore my recommendations if your feelings happen to be the opposite of mine. Those who really want to read Harry Potter in Japanese should read Harry Potter in Japanese. My advice is more aimed for those who are wondering if this novel would be a good fit for their Japanese language journey.
I do recommend that language learners be very familiar with the Harry Potter universe before attempting this book. I would only recommend this book to those who have read it in English(or whatever native language is of the language learner). This is not a book that you should be reading for the first time in Japanese.
I own the hardcover edition of this novel and it is 568 pages long. Since the version of this book is physically larger then most Japanese novels, this means it will take even longer to complete in comparison. This book itself is quite heavy and I recommend that readers purchased the paper back book instead for ease of use. I like to switch positions a lot while reading and found that the physical size of the book limited my sitting positions.
All of the Harry Potter movies have been dubbed to Japanese. There are also Japanese audio book versions of Harry Potter available as well. I think that the amount of media attached to this series will make it attractive to language learners.
4 thoughts on "Japanese Novel Review: ハリー・ポッターとアズカバンの囚人 Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban by J. K. Rowling"
Hello! Thanks for the great review!
Some time ago, I decided to read the whole Harry Potter series in Japanese, but I stopped halfway through the Prisoner of Azkaban because I was reading too many books at the same time. Reading your review makes me want to pick it up again 🙂
LikeLiked by 1 person
Thanks for the comment! Yes, the Harry Potter series so very long so it seems like a big commitment. There are so many great book out there in Japanese I'm sure it would be hard to stay focused on a story you already know.
LikeLiked by 1 person
It is so interesting that you had such a different experience reading it in Japanese compared to English (perception of characters etc.)
I haven't read it myself and don't plan to, but since I am about to open up Little Women in Japanese I feel a bit apprehensive😅
LikeLiked by 1 person
It might depend on the translator! I have heard that there are others out there who are not a fan of the writer who translated the Harry Potter series. The writing quality from Little Women is on a totally different level then Harry Potter so I have a feeling that you will like reading that beautiful copy of Little Women that you were able to find. Its a literary masterpiece and I think it can withstand any possible translation issues.


text:
Free Search (12737 images)
Stars and Earth seen from Space Station
- Title Stars and Earth seen from Space Station
- Released 07/03/2012 4:26 pm
- Copyright ESA/NASA
ESA astronaut André Kuipers looks across the Earth at the stars from his vantage point on the International Space Station. A Russian Progress ferry is attached to the Station.
André is working on the orbital outpost for ESA's long-duration mission, PromISSe. He was launched with fellow crewmembers Don Petitt and Oleg Kononenko, from Baikonur, Kazakhstan, in December 2012.
- Id 227028


Naughty but Nice: Gendered Sexualization in Chocolate Advertising
Chocolate is recognized as one of the most craved foods in the world, resulting in the coinage of terms such as chocoholic or chocolate addict. However, going from targeted marketing by most chocolate companies around the world, one would assume that the majority of the chocolate addicts or chocoholics were, women. As soon as a woman takes her first bite, in an advertisement, a sense of ecstasy follows triggered by the chocolate, invariably showing the relationship between women's sexual pleasure and chocolate. Women's sexual pleasure, much like the attitude towards chocolate, is considered sinful; the juxtaposition of these two views woven into narratives through chocolate commercials, only solidifies the concept of "naughty but nice" as they objectify women sexually while they are consuming chocolate.
Women tend to be sexually depicted in commercials in two ways, one, in which women are aroused by consuming chocolate, or two, women become attractive to men after they consume chocolate. Below are examples of two ads from Dove and Godiva that exemplify these two categories of portrayal of women in chocolate advertising.
In both the commercials, chocolate is seen as a sinful treat that women consume. In the first Dove commercial, a woman is being wrapped in chocolate coloured silk as she sighs and savors the luxury of consuming chocolate whilst being wrapped around by a luxurious fabric. It is depicting the after effects of consuming the chocolate whilst showing what a privilege it is to be able to consume chocolate. The background music and noises further alludes to the effect of sexual arousal post consumption and the use of silk in the commercial shows luxury and class, and at the same time, it represents a material that is often used to portray sex. In the Godiva commercial, three women are shown in three different locations wearing long dresses that represent three kinds of Godiva chocolates; dark, milk and white. Three men can be seen gifting chocolates to the women, which in turn sexually arouses the women and thus excites the men. It is interesting to note that the commercial does not show men consuming the chocolate, but only women. In one instance in the commercial, one of the women almost shares the chocolate with the man but then teases him as she eats the whole truffle herself, because she just cannot share it or resist it.
Professor Peter Rogers, from the University of Bristol, explains: "A more compelling explanation lies in our ambivalent attitudes towards chocolate – it is highly desired but should be eaten with restraint", he further states that "Our unfulfilled desire to eat chocolate, resulting from restraint, is thus experienced as craving, which in turn is attributed to 'addiction'." (Rogers, 2007) Women in the above commercials depict this relationship of resistance and indulgence with chocolate, not only through the consumption of chocolate itself but also through their sexual desires. Due to the perception that "nice" women and their sexual pleasures should be restrained as opposed to men's sexual pleasures, chocolate gives them the narrative, the chance of indulgence, and gives them the opportunity to be "naughty". Chocolate then starts to show women's relationship with their own sexual desires, that relies on chocolate to be fueled.
Chocolate, then hence is portrayed to being the food for women by commercials. In contrast, a Burger King commercial shows meat as the food for men, aptly titled "I am Man". The commercial shows men eating burgers while chanting socially accepted norms that make them men; these are men who are strong and can lift cars and pull heavy weights, men who cannot survive on "chick food" such as quiche. Commercials such as the one by Hungry Man, as well as Mc Donald's McRib advertisement, show only men, consuming meat products. When catered to men such as the ones that are shown in these commercials, chocolate becomes delicate and feminine. When contrasted, meat becomes the socially accepted food for men while chocolate becomes the socially accepted food for women.
Without any concrete scientific evidence, chocolate is now widely believed to be craved by women more than men. Dr. Julia Hormes from University of Albany states in her study published in Appetite in 2011 that "half of the women [in the U.S.] who crave chocolate say they do so right around menstruation,". (Hormes, 2011) Hormes's study tried to correlate menstruation with chocolate craving however, she arrived at the conclusion that "These biochemical, physiological hypotheses didn't pan out." (Hormes, 2011) Hormes believes that the strong influence of culture, particularly the kind portrayed in commercials plays a role in how women tend to react to chocolate.
In an interview with Kate Bratskeir of Huffington Post, Hormes talks about chocolate marketing, she says;
"Chocolate is marketed as a way for women to deal with negative emotion (like, say, the stress and headaches that come with PMS), Hormes said. It is an "indulgence" because it is an exception to the rule — women who diet and subscribe to a certain ideal of beauty should only consume chocolate when they "need" it."…"Only in America. In Spain, for example, women don't report craving chocolate perimensturally nearly as much as women in the U.S. do. It's not that Spanish women have a different make-up to their cycle, it's really that tampon and chocolate ads aren't aired during the same commercial break. In the U.S., it seems, there's something so strongly feminine about chocolate that fewer men report wanting it. But, "Spanish men are almost as likely to crave chocolate as Spanish women." In Egypt, neither men nor women really report craving chocolate; "They tend to crave savory foods," Hormes said." (Hormes, 2011)
The need that is described above by Hormes is a culturally manufactured one that is fabricated through commercials showing women needing chocolates, specially when it comes to sex.
Ferrero Rocher Print ad.
Chocolate advertisements not only play into women's sexual desires but also women's body image and various insecurities. The above print ad from Ferrero Rocher shows a naked model being tempted by chocolates that are growing from the tree. The ad is attaching the narrative of Eve and the forbidden fruit to chocolate, depicting this woman as a "sinner" for consuming chocolate and having sexual desires. The ad also shows a skinny model indulging in the sinful act of consuming chocolate. The inclusion of a model, gives off an image that makes it okay for women of regular sizes to indulge in chocolate. It shows that women can still be thin and be naughty, and consume chocolate as a guilty pleasure. While talking about the relationship of female body image and chocolate marketing, in his paper, Occidental College student, Jamal Fahim writes,
In order to remain slim and attractive, women must avoid foods that are high in fat, sugar and calories. Images of the ideal body have permeated the minds of many consumers who are inclined to view the body as an object of admiration and a model for self-construction. Moreover, consumer goods may serve to compensate for a person's "feelings of inferiority, insecurity or loss, or to symbolize achievement, success or power" (Campbell 1995:111)".
Dove Print ad.
Chocolate companies tend to play up various different feelings that Campbell described whilst talking about consumer products, however in most cases those feelings within the wide spectrum from insecurity to success are usually related to sex and women in chocolate advertising. The print Dove advertisement above, for example, associates itself with an insecurity that is often linked with sex, lasting longer. The ad compares indulging the Dove bar to lasting longer while showing the face of a woman who is satisfied.
All the advertisements mentioned above adds to the misconception of chocolate as an aphrodisiac and that it works more on women. The New York Times article, tries to evaluate this claim stating;
"Nowadays, scientists ascribe the aphrodisiac qualities of chocolate, if any, to two chemicals it contains. One, tryptophan, is a building block of serotonin, a brain chemical involved in sexual arousal. The other, phenylethylamine, a stimulant related to amphetamine, is released in the brain when people fall in love. But most researchers believe that the amounts of these substances in chocolate are too small to have any measurable effect on desire. Studies that have looked for a direct link between chocolate consumption and heightened sexual arousal have found none. The most recent study, published in May in the journal Sexual Medicine, looked specifically at women, who are thought to be more sensitive to the effects of chocolate. The researchers, from Italy, studied a random sample of 163 adult women with an average age of 35 and found no significant differences between reported rates of sexual arousal or distress among those who regularly consumed one serving of chocolate a day, those who consumed three or more servings or those who generally consumed none." (O' Connor, 2006)
The article concludes by stating that, "if chocolate has any aphrodisiac qualities, they are probably psychological, not physiological" (O' Connor, 2006).
This psychological perception of chocolate and sex is one that is manufactured by chocolate advertising bringing out various themes that are associated with female sexuality starting from the perception that female sexual desires are akin to a sin, to body image issues that perpetuates women's need to be slim to various other insecurities associated with sex such as lasting longer or overall satisfaction. Even though the findings and correlation between chocolate and sex are negligible, the marketing for chocolate continues to perpetuate chocolate's association with sex and its implied special relevance to


extensions: [".js", ".jsx"]
- }
+ },
+ plugins: [
+ isProduction &&
+ new MiniCssExtractPlugin({
+ filename: "assets/css/[name].[contenthash:8].css",
+ chunkFilename: "assets/css/[name].[contenthash:8].chunk.css"
+ })
+ ].filter(Boolean)
 };
 };
This configuration works for plain CSS files and can be extended to work with various CSS processors, such as Sass and PostCSS, which we'll discuss in the next article.
Image Loader
Webpack can also be used to load static resources such as images, videos, and other binary files. The most generic way of handling such types of files is by using file-loader or url-loader, which will provide a URL reference for the required resources to its consumers.
In this section, we will add url-loader to handle common image formats. What sets url-loader apart from file-loader is that if the size of the original file is smaller than a given threshold, it will embed the entire file in the URL as base64-encoded contents, thus removing the need for an additional request.
First we install url-loader:
npm install -D url-loader
Then we add a new rule to the module.rules section of our Webpack config:
@@ -34,6 +34,16 @@ module.exports = function(_env, argv) {
 isProduction ? MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader : "style-loader",
 "css-loader"
 ]
+ },
+ {
+ test: /\.(png|jpg|gif)$/i,
+ use: {
+ loader: "url-loader",
+ options: {
+ limit: 8192,
+ name: "static/media/[name].[hash:8].[ext]"
+ }
+ }
 }
 ]
 },
SVG
For SVG images, we are going to use the @svgr/webpack loader, which transforms imported files into React components.
We install @svgr/webpack:
npm install -D @svgr/webpack
Then we add a new rule to the module.rules section of our Webpack config:
@@ -44,6 +44,10 @@ module.exports = function(_env, argv) {
 name: "static/media/[name].[hash:8].[ext]"
 }
 }
+ },
+ {
+ test: /\.svg$/,
+ use: ["@svgr/webpack"]
 }
 ]
 },
SVG images as React components can be convenient, and @svgr/webpack performs optimization using SVGO.
Note: For certain animations or even mouseover effects, you may need to manipulate the SVG using JavaScript. Fortunately, @svgr/webpack embeds SVG contents into the JavaScript bundle by default, allowing you to bypass the security restrictions needed for this.
File-loader
When we need to reference any other kinds of files, the generic file-loader will do the job. It works similarly to url-loader, providing an asset URL to the code that requires it, but it makes no attempt to optimize it.
As always, first we install the Node.js module. In this case, file-loader:
npm install -D file-loader
Then we add a new rule to the module.rules section of our Webpack config. For example:
@@ -48,6 +48,13 @@ module.exports = function(_env, argv) {
 {
 test: /\.svg$/,
 use: ["@svgr/webpack"]
+ },
+ {
+ test: /\.(eot|otf|ttf|woff|woff2)$/,
+ loader: require.resolve("file-loader"),
+ options: {
+ name: "static/media/[name].[hash:8].[ext]"
+ }
 }
 ]
 },
Here we added file-loader for loading fonts, which you can reference from your CSS files. You can extend this example to load any other kinds of files you need.
Environment Plugin
We can use Webpack's DefinePlugin() to expose environment variables from the build environment to our application code. For example:
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 const path = require("path");
 const MiniCssExtractPlugin = require("mini-css-extract-plugin");
+const webpack = require("webpack");

 module.exports = function(_env, argv) {
 const isProduction = argv.mode === "production";
@@ -65,7 +66,12 @@ module.exports = function(_env, argv) {
 new MiniCssExtractPlugin({
 filename: "assets/css/[name].[contenthash:8].css",
 chunkFilename: "assets/css/[name].[contenthash:8].chunk.css"
- })
+ }),
+ new webpack.DefinePlugin({
+ "process.env.NODE_ENV": JSON.stringify(
+ isProduction ? "production" : "development"
+ )
+ })
 ].filter(Boolean)
 };
 };
Here we substituted process.env.NODE_ENV with a string representing the build mode: "development" or "production".
HTML Plugin
In the absence of an index.html file, our JavaScript bundle is useless, just sitting there with no one able to find it. In this section, we will introduce html-webpack-plugin to generate an HTML file for us.
We install html-webpack-plugin:
npm install -D html-webpack-plugin
Then we add html-webpack-plugin to the plugins section of our Webpack config:
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 const path = require("path");
 const MiniCssExtractPlugin = require("mini-css-extract-plugin");
 const webpack = require("webpack");
+const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin");

 module.exports = function(_env, argv) {
 const isProduction = argv.mode === "production";
@@ -71,6 +72,10 @@ module.exports = function(_env, argv) {
 "process.env.NODE_ENV": JSON.stringify(
 isProduction ? "production" : "development"
 )
+ }),
+ new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
+ template: path.resolve(__dirname, "public/index.html"),
+ inject: true
 })
 ].filter(Boolean)
 };
The generated public/index.html file will load our bundle and bootstrap our application.
Optimization
There are several optimization techniques that we can use in our build process. We will begin with code minification, a process by which we can reduce the size of our bundle at no expense in terms of functionality. We'll use two plugins for minimizing our code: terser-webpack-plugin for JavaScript code, and optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin for CSS.
Let's install them:
npm install -D terser-webpack-plugin optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin
Then we'll add an optimization section to our config:
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ const path = require("path");
 const MiniCssExtractPlugin = require("mini-css-extract-plugin");
 const webpack = require("webpack");
 const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin");
+const TerserWebpackPlugin = require("terser-webpack-plugin");
+const OptimizeCssAssetsPlugin = require("optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin");
 module.exports = function(_env, argv) {
 const isProduction = argv.mode === "production";
@@ -75,6 +77,27 @@ module.exports = function(_env, argv) {
 isProduction ? "production" : "development"
 )
 })
- ].filter(


K value of the K-Slack algorithm will be increased.
Example
 - kslack(timestamp, -1l, _PHONE_)
 In the above example, the algorithm execution starts when K=0 and it gets increased up to _PHONE_. The value of the K-slack does not increase from that point onwards. Hence, this leads to lower latency compared to the version shown in the first (i.e., single parameter) example of this list. Note that the second argument is set to -1l which effectively disables the timer based draining of the internal buffer.
 - kslack(timestamp, 1000l, _PHONE_)
 The above is another variation of the third category. Here, a time-out value is specified for the second argument (i.e. 1000 ms). In this case, the K-slack algorithm buffers events until the 1000ms time period expires. The maximum K value is _PHONE_. The K-value cannot exceed the specified amount.
Syntax
<bool> kslack(<long> timestamp, <long> timeOut, <bool> expireFlag )
Extension TypeStreamProcessor
DescriptionThe fourth argument in the above syntax is a flag that indicates whether the out-of order events that appear after the expiration of the K-slack window should be discarded or not.
Examplekslack(timestamp, -1l, -1l, true)
 - No labels


Definitions for gas bladder
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word gas bladder
 1. gas bladder(Noun)
 An internal organ that fish use to control their buoyancy, allowing them to maintain or change depth by changing their density.
 1. Swim bladder
 The swim bladder, gas bladder, fish maw or air bladder is an internal gas-filled organ that contributes to the ability of a fish to control its buoyancy, and thus to stay at its current water depth without having to waste energy in swimming. Also, the dorsal position of the swim bladder means the center of mass is below the center of volume, allowing it to act as a stabilizing agent. Additionally, the swim bladder functions as a resonating chamber, to produce or receive sound. The swim bladder is evolutionarily homologous to the lungs. Charles Darwin remarked upon this in On the Origin of Species. Swim bladders are found in many bony fish, but are not found in cartilaginous fish. In the embryonic stages some species, such as redlip blenny, have lost the swim bladder again, mostly bottom dwellers like the weather fish. Other fish like the Opah and the Pomfret use their pectoral fins to swim and balance the weight of the head to keep a horizontal position. The normally bottom dwelling sea robin can use their pectoral fins to produce lift while swimming. The cartilaginous fish do not have swim bladders.
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text: This paper presents two surrogate-assisted optimization strategies for structural constrained multiobjective optimization. The optimization strategies are based on hybridization of multiobjective population-based incremental learning (MOPBIL) and radial-basis function (RBF) interpolation. The first strategy uses MOPBIL for generating training points while the second strategy uses a Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) technique. The design case study is the shape and sizing design of a torque arm structure. A design problem is set to minimize structural mass and displacement while constraints include stresses due to three different load cases. Structural analysis is carried out by means of a finite element approach. The design problem is then tackled by the proposed surrogate-assisted design strategies. Numerical results show that the use of MOPBIL for generating training points is superior to the use of LHS based on a hypervolume indicator and root mean square error (RMSE).


text:
Design of Semi-Closed Pipeline Systemsby John L. Merriam, California Polytechnic State Univ, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA,
Document Type: Proceeding Paper
Part of: Planning, Operation, Rehabilitation and Automation of Irrigation Water Delivery Systems
Semi-closed pipeline systems controlled by downstream activated float valves permit low pressure pipeline systems to communicate information from the outflow location back to the source as to the outflow requirement and to automatically convey the needed water supply. Such capabilities facilitate the use of flexible schedules and reduce operational labor requirements compared to the prevalent open pipeline systems. The advantages and the design precedures are described.
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text:
This paper focuses on road sign classification for creating accurate and up-to-date inventories of traffic signs, which is important for road safety and maintenance. This is a challenging multi-class classification task, as a large number of different sign types exist which only differ in minor details. Moreover, changes in viewpoint, capturing conditions and partial occlusions result in large intra-class variations. Ideally, road sign classification systems should be robust against these variations, while having an acceptable computational load. This paper presents a classification approach based on the popular Bag Of Words (BOW) framework, which we optimize towards the best trade-off between performance and execution time. We analyze the performance aspects of PCA-based dimensionality reduction, soft and hard assignment for BOW codebook matching and the codebook size. Furthermore, we provide an efficient implementation scheme. We compare these techniques to design a fast and accurate BOW-based classification scheme. This approach allows for the selection of a fast but accurate classification methodology. This BOW approach is compared against structural classification, and we show that their combination outperforms both individual methods. This combination, exploiting both BOW and structural information, attains high classification scores (96.25% to 98%) on our challenging real-world datasets.
|Title of host publication||Proceedings of the 2014 22nd International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR), 24-28 August 2014, Stockholm, Sweden|
|Place of Publication||Piscataway|
|Publisher||Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers|
|Publication status||Published - 2014|


Fossil word
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A fossil word is a word that is generally obsolete but remains in currency because it is contained within an idiom still in use.[1][2]
Fossil status can also occur for word senses and for phrases. An example for a word sense is navy in merchant navy, which means 'commercial fleet' (although that sense of navy is obsolete elsewhere). An example for a phrase is in point ('relevant'), which is retained in the larger phrases case in point (also case on point in the legal context) and in point of fact but is not otherwise used outside of a legal context.
English language examples[edit]
See also[edit]
 1. ^ fossil. Additions Series, 1993 (Second Edition, 1989 ed.). Oxford English Dictionary. "A word or other linguistic form preserved only in isolated regions or in set phrases, idioms, or collocations"
 2. ^ Curme, George Oliver (1931). Syntax. D. C. Heath and Company.
 3. ^ Quinion, Michael. World Wide Words
 4. ^ Yahoo dictionary kith and kin
 5. ^ Phrase Finder at loggerheads
 6. ^ Phrase Finder in the offing
 7. ^ Phrase Finder short shrift


text:
When you run the
br-o.jspx page and navigate to an order that has more than two items in the table, the page in a desktop web browser should look similar to this:
Where there are more than two rows in the order items table, a control displays above the table to enable you to browse the remaining rows:
When you click
Edit to navigate to the
ed-o.jspx page, the edit page in a desktop web browser should look similar to this:
The columns on the edit page reflect the width values that you set previously. For example, the input field for OrderId holds 5 characters, while the input field OrderDate can accommodate 12 characters.
Copyright © 1997, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.false ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,


text:
Astro-Navigation from Square One to Ocean Master
Authors On Line Ltd
Publication date: August 2012
Digital Book format: ePub (Adobe DRM)
You save: $1.00 (14%)
Astro-navigation from Square One to Ocean-master begins at the very beginning of this relatively complex subject and progresses logically through all the required "astro skills". Each new concept builds on UNDERSTANDING with no "learning by rote". A 130-word glossary, 160 diagrams and 40 worked examples, all using 2011 Sun, Moon, planet and star data, are contained in 308 pages. The parts relevant to the RYA Yachtmaster Ocean syllabus are identified. In nine sections the book begins with the basic concepts of great circles, Greenwich Hour Angle and Declination, describing a heavenly body's position on the celestial sphere which, with the observer's zenith, a body's geographical position and a measured altitude of that body, produces a unique position circle. Greenwich Mean Time and its link to longitude and then latitude estimation from the Sun's meridian passage are explored. Section 2 details the correction to achieve an observed altitude and the need for a calculated from a chosen position, permitting an intercept to be found on the azimuth of the observed body, using the mathematical solution to the PZX triangle. Section 3 explores the design, use and error-correction of the sextant and Section 4, the myriad of navigation tables including Rapid (Air) and Marine Sight Reduction Tables. Section 5 details the Sun, time, GMT and the equation of time. Sections 6,7,8 and 9 each detail the particularities of using the Sun, Moon, planets and stars, using specific examples including Sun-run-Sun, Rapid Sight Reduction Tables for seven chosen stars and Polaris for latitude estimation. The Appendix explores the mathematics of the cosine navigation formula, its conversion for calculator and plotting sheets for ocean position-plotting.


text:
|Photo by Coke Smith (Coke & Som Smith Photography)|
reed parrotbill (en); bico-de-papagaio-do-Yangtzé (pt); paradoxornis du Yangtsé (fr); picoloro del Yangtsé (es); Jangtsepapageimeise (de)
This Asian species occurs in two separate areas, one in north-eastern China, and across the border into Mongolia and Russia, and another in south-eastern China, along the Yangtze river.
These birds are 20-24 cm long and weigh 17-28 g.
These birds are found in reed beds, in freshwater lakes, rivers and streams. They occur from sea level up to an altitude of 800 m.
Reed parrotbills mostly eat insects, but also seeds.
These birds nest in a cup-shaped nest, made of leaves and grasses, attached to the stalk of a reed. There the female lays 3-5 eggs, which are incubated for 12-13 days. The chicks fledge 12 days after hatching.
IUCN status - NT (Near-Threatened)
This species has a restricted breeding range and is described as locally common, but totally dependent on reedbeds. The reed parrotbill is likely to be declining throughout its range as a result of human encroachment, development and habitat degradation within reed bed habitats due to reed harvesting.


text:
Manchester, VT – Residents in Manchester, VT can expect a mix of sun and clouds with a high of 44F today, along with winds from the west at 5 to 10 mph. Tonight, the weather will be partly to mostly cloudy with a low of 26F and light and variable winds.
This forecast comes as part of the latest weather update for the area, providing important information for residents and visitors alike. The update, which was issued on February 11, 2024 at 12:20 pm, serves as a helpful guide for planning outdoor activities or travel in the region.
With these weather conditions, it's important for individuals to take necessary precautions to stay safe and comfortable. Whether it's dressing warmly for the chilly temperatures or adjusting travel plans to account for the wind, being informed about the weather is crucial for daily planning.
By staying updated on the latest weather forecasts, residents in Manchester, VT can make informed decisions and better prepare for the day ahead. This includes knowing what to expect when stepping outside, as well as understanding any potential changes in weather patterns throughout the day.
In conclusion, the weather update for Manchester, VT offers valuable insights for local residents and visitors, allowing them to plan their activities and travel with greater awareness of the current conditions in the area. Stay informed and stay safe!


text:
Being Canadian, I didn't grow up on Mister Roger's Neighborhood. Yet not long after I moved to the United States, I had heard many praises of both the show and the man behind the screen. His positive legacy is that strong. And so, I felt curious to read Let's Talk About It: Adoption by Fred Rogers.
According to the preface, Fred Roger's sister "was adopted into our family when I was eleven years old". Her adoption knocked him out of the elite position of being an only child. "Understanding all of that came very gradually for me–and for my sister." Hence, the book Let's Talk About It: Adoption, in which Fred Rogers invites parents and their children to talk about adoption.
Now something you need to keep in mind is that Mister Roger's Neighborhood was aimed at young children from ages two to five. This is also about the age I'd consider appropriate for Let's Talk About It: Adoption. Most pages have one sentence or sometimes or even only half a sentence. The page with the most text has only four sentences. The phrasing is simple and gentle: "Everyone has lots of feelings about being in a family. There are times when you feel happy. And there are times when you don't feel happy." Anyone who grew up with fond memories of Mister Roger's Neighborhood, or simply want a safe book with which to start a discussion about adoption, will appreciate the calm and comforting style of Let's Talk About It: Adoption.
Through this book, children will learn that everyone needs a family, being in a family means belonging, and one can belong to family by being born into or by being adopted. Rogers refers to adoption as "a special kind of love story" where the parents needed and wanted a child to love and the child needed parents to love and care for him. Rogers assures his young readers that ALL families have good and bad times; being angry doesn't mean that love will go away. He tells them that the reasons they can't stay with their birth parents all have to do with adult reasons, not with anything they did. He also says that if they have questions, it helps to talk.
Let's Talk About It: Adoption would make a good book to start with for younger readers. If you're looking for a book for older readers, I'd encourage you to turn to other books in my round-up. Many of them will also appeal to a broader range of ages. They will also will provide a more concrete overview of the process.
PS Being Canadian, I grew up on Mr. Dressup instead of Mister Rogers. In doing author research for this review, I found it interesting to learn that Rogers was friends with Ernie Coombs, the creator of Mr. Dressup, which is considered similar in many ways to Mister Rogers' Neighborhood. Mr. Dressup also used some of the songs that were later featured on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood.
My rating? Read it: Borrow from your library or a friend. It's worth your time.
Américas Award for Children's & Young Adult Literature
CLASP founded the Américas Award in 1993 to encourage and commend authors, illustrators and publishers who produce quality children's and young adult books that portray Latin America, the Caribbean, or Latinos in the United States.
The Caldecott Medal was named in honor of nineteenth-century English illustrator Randolph Caldecott. It is awarded annually to the artist of the most distinguished American picture book for children.
The Carnegie Medal is awarded annually to the writer of an outstanding book for children. It was established by in 1936, in memory of the great Scottish-born philanthropist, Andrew Carnegie.
The Christy Awards are awarded each year to recognize novels of excellence written from a Christian worldview.
Coretta Scott King Award
The Coretta Scott King Book Award titles promote understanding and appreciation of the culture of all peoples. It is given to African American authors and illustrator.
children and young adult blogger literacy awards
Dolly Gray Children's Literature Award
The Dolly Gray Children's Literature Award was initiated in 2000 to recognize authors, illustrators, and publishers of high quality fictional and biographical children, intermediate, and young adult books that appropriately portray individuals with deve
Hans Christian Anderson Award
The Hans Christian Andersen Awards is given to a living author and illustrator whose complete works have made a lasting contribution to children's literature. The award is the highest international recognition an author can receive.
Kate Greenaway Medal
The Kate Greenaway Medal was established in 1955, for distinguished illustration in a book for children. It is named after the popular nineteenth century artist known for her fine children's illustrations and designs.
Middle East Book Award
The Middle East Book Award recognizes quality books for children and young adults that contribute meaningfully to an understanding of the Middle East and its component societies and cultures.
Mythopoeic Fantasy Award
Honors fantasy books for younger readers, in the tradition of The Hobbit or The Chronicles of Narnia
Newbery Medal Award
The Newbery Medal was named for eighteenth-century British bookseller John Newbery. It is awarded annually to the author of the most distinguished contribution to American literature for children.
Pura Belpré Award
The award is named after Pura Belpré, the first Latina librarian at the New York Public Library. It is presented annually to a Latino/Latina writer and illustrator whose work best portrays, affirms, and celebrates the Latino experience.
Red House Book Award
The Red House Children's Book Award is a series of literary prizes for works of children's literature published during the previous year in England.
Sydney Taylor Award
The Sydney Taylor Book Award is presented annually to outstanding books for children and teens that authentically portray the Jewish experience.