accept an email address, then data that doesn't appear to be an email address won't be accepted. Additionally the access controls for each key/value pair (or the entire Class or Namespace) can be defined in those Schema files. Here is one example of a Schema file BlueOnyx 5209R Apache Schema file)).
When CODB is tasked with the database manipulation (creating of Objects, modification of Objects or deletion of Objects - and their Namespaces) it always checks if the transmitted data is valid, if the user is authenticated and has the proper access control rights to perform this transaction.
CCE: Cobalt Configuration Engine
CCE (Cobalt Configuration Engine) is the interface between the admin interface and CODB (Cobalt Object Database). It handles the authentication of users and compares them with the mechanisms for user management of the operating system. It also manages CCE database requests from the UI to read, write and delete Objects.
CCE consists of a Daemon, which constantly runs in the background, as well as a Client, which can be used as needed from the command line to perform administrative functions. CCE also runs certain scripts (Handlers and Constructors), which perform administrative tasks with superuser privileges based on startup events (Constructors: Run on CCE startup) or CODB database events (Handlers: Run on specific CODB transactions).
Configuration files
Via configuration files CCE can be configured to performs certain operations with superuser privileges when certain database fields are created, changed or deleted. For example it can be defined that if a certain Class is created or deleted, then a certain Handler should be run to modify config files. Or if a certain database field in CODB gets modified, then a Handler should run to publish these changes to the OS config files. In all cases these Handler runs can only be triggered by users with the proper access levels and after successful authentication.
Handler
A handler is typically a Perl script that can perform certain narrowly defined tasks on the file system of the server with superuser privileges. These scripts can only be triggered by CCE itself - for safety reasons. Handlers are for example used to create users or virtual sites, or to adjust configuration files of the server.
Constructors
Like Handlers a Constructor is typically programmed in Perl and performs certain tasks on the file system with superuser privileges. However, a Constructor usually runs only once when the CCE daemon is started.
Constructors are typically used to read configuration files and to inform CODB of the state of the server by writing that data into CODB. Or values stored in CODB are published to the OS to make sure that the server operates on a known configuration.
PHP and i18n
Since the Cobalt days the communication between UI and CCE is done via a Zend API PHP module called cce.so. This extends the basic PHP interpreter of the server with special functions to communicate with CCE and CODB. This cce.so PHP module is only loaded on the separate webserver (AdmServ) that runs the GUI.
Additionally another Zend API PHP module (i18n.so) is loaded to provide PHP with the internationalization support needed to display the GUI in different languages. The i18n.so module provides an interface between PHP and the GetText locales on the server.
Naturally this creates a problem as far as the upgradeability of PHP on the servers OS is concerned: These two mandatory PHP modules are specially compiled against the PHP that BlueQuartz or BlueOnyx ships with. In order to work with a different PHP version they need to be recompiled. If the PHP version is drastically different, then these modules might no longer be compatible. For this reason upgrading (or replacing) PHP has always required certain "special" procedures. Or an install of the updated PHP into a separate directory.
BlueOnyx 5207R and BlueOnyx 5208R still use the PHP modules cce.so and i18n.so, but have a fallback mechanism in place. If these modules are no longer loaded (due to PHP compatability issues) the GUI will fall back to native PHP Classes that provide the same functionality. However, this comes at a small performance impact, as the PHP modules are faster than the PHP Classes.
BlueOnyx 5209R no longer uses the PHP modules cce.so and i18n.so, as we couldn't get them to work with PHP-5.4 due to API changes within PHP. BlueOnyx 5209R uses the supplementing PHP Classes instead by default.
Operating system
Generally the source of BlueQuartz or BlueOnyx can easily be adapted so that it can run on any Linux or Unix derivative. For this purpose only minor adjustments to the source code and a recompilation of the sources might be necessary. Since all the advanced features of the BlueQuartz or BlueOnyx GUI are all modular it would be trivial to use it as a GUI framework for entirely different purposes.
In practical terms the adaption of BlueQuartz or BlueOnyx to different OS's (than the ones already supported) requires a wide range of skills and expertise and the lack of thorough documentation creates certain challenges. We are working on making it easier, though and this Wiki is one step into that direction.
PKGs
PKGs are special packages that allow the installation of pre-packaged additional software. PKGs consist of files that have been packed with tar and gzip. Within a PKGs are RPMs, a list of files to be installed and scripts that run when installing or uninstalling the PKGs. Additionally PKGs can display license information and information about the included software that is presented in the GUI upon installation. A PKG has mechanisms to make sure that it can only be installed on versions of BlueQuartz or BlueOnyx that the PKG was designed for.
There is also a server implementation for the distribution of PKGs, which can be used to distribute PKGs (and their updates) to servers that are tied into this update channel. This distribution method is called NewLinQ and is used by the BlueOnyx Shop)).
After the release of the source code of the Qube 3 and the RaQ550 efforts were made from different companies and groups to build a similar solution based on this code. Not all were successful.
Active
 - BlueOnyx, successor of BlueQuartz and the RaQ550
 - Aventurine {e} Linux virtualization solution based on an evolved BlueOnyx versions.
Inactive/Discontinued
 - BlueQuartz
 - Renamed argon TLAS 2.0 pre-installed on Hardware.
 - Efinity F-560 RaQ to the FreeBSD base.
 - RaQDevil RaQ to the FreeBSD base.
 - Strongbolt Linux BlueQuartz + CentOS distribution for installation on original Sun Cobalt hardware.
 - Turbolinux Appliance Server 2.0 RaQ on Turbo Linux.
 - Netshaker BlueRack / Yasukawa Info. Systems, Inc. in Japanese, based on the RaQ550 code.
 - ClassCat Cute Server Appliance / ClassCat, Inc. Japanese, based on the RaQ550 code.
 - NetBSD on Cobalt servers, English, completely independent of the Linux project.
info/about.txt · Last modified: 2015/03/07 03:08 by


text:
The Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station published a 252-page bulletin with information about agronomic crops it tested between 1978 and 2012.
"Performance of Agronomic Crop Varieties in Alaska _PHONE_." The bulletin updates AFES Bulletin 111, which was published in 2004. The new bulletin includes additional information on crops tested since 2002 and adds six new crops: quinoa, chickpeas, mustard, camelina, crambe and borage.
Other varieties tested include barley, oats, wheat, rye and triticale, wild rice, canarygrass, millet, buckwheat, amaranth, field peas, canola, flax, sunflower, safflower, meadowfoam and Jerusalem artichoke.
Zhang describes the bulletin as "a starting point for farmers to look at if they are considering growing an agronomic crop."
The bulletin is not intended as a crop production manual, he said. Its main purpose is to provide basic information on small grain and oilseed variety testing along with information on successful cultural practices identified by the research.
Bob Van Veldhuizen said the target audience is anyone in Alaska who might be interested in growing any of the crops or varieties listed. The bulletin describes production methods on a per-acre basis but the principles can be modified for small-scale production, he said.
The bulletin also includes any analyses that were done to determine the nutritional qualities of the crops, and their suitability for animal feed or in human diets. Van Veldhuizen said that information has been requested since the first version of the bulletin came out in 2004.
Specific crops are presented in separate chapters with information on fertilization, tillage, planting, pest control, diseases, harvest, and storage, and tables that list yields, maturity and quality for all known varieties tested at each location. References and seed sources for all recommended varieties are included in separate appendices. Variety trials took place at the Fairbanks and Matanuska experiment farms, at the Eielson Agricultural Project and in the Delta Junction area.
A 48-page supplement with details about variety trials in Fairbanks, "Agronomic Crop Variety Testing in Fairbanks, Alaska _PHONE_," has also been published. Van Veldhuizen said the supplement includes the work of agronomists prior to the beginning of the time frame of Bulletin 116, from 1948 to 1978, as well as the crops and varieties tested after 1978. Van Veldhuizen said that the goal was to compile all the lists of crops and varieties tested in Fairbanks into one publication that would be available to anyone.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Can Any Good Come From The Pandemic?
From The Sentencing Law & Policy blog.
 What might be the positive changes that come as a result of zoom hearings and the other responses that courts have had to the pandemic? Professor Matt Bender has authored this timely new paper now on SSRN Here is its abstract:A defendant's fundamental right to a public trial, and the press and community's separate right to watch court have been threatened by the shift to virtual hearings. These independent constitutional rights can be in harmony in some cases and clash in others. They cannot be incompatible. Public interest in criminal justice transparency is increasingly crystallized, but courts have often become more opaque, which jeopardizes First and Sixth Amendment rights.This paper addresses the conflict and confronts a key question: how can we be assured that remote and virtual hearings like Zoom arraignments or trials guarantee the same rights as traditional court hearings? Instead of rejecting virtual criminal hearings outright, new proposals are offered for how virtual courtrooms can safeguard constitutional rights. The prevailing belief that criminal defendants should reject virtual trials is questioned. Virtual trials may lead to better outcomes for defendants than traditional trials, specifically during the ongoing pandemic. Beyond preserving rights in a virtual courtroom, the ways technology can improve the criminal justice system are explored.Through an analysis of existing indigent defense and First Amendment scholarship, the myth that traditional court decorum should trump open court and virtual hearings is addressed. Judicial legitimacy and transparency may benefit when criminal cases are accessible on virtual platforms or livestreamed. Transparency can help safeguard defendants's rights and improve indigent clients's representation and outcomes. Instead of disrupting the courtroom — whether a hearing is virtual or traditional — convenient public access helps a community learn more about the criminal justice system and evaluate cases, judges, and attorneys.These proposals have significant implications for courts and clients by providing a framework for virtual litigation, and leveraging technology for a more equitable criminal justice system. Livestreams and virtual, remote hearings can improve the right of representation for indigent defendants by increasing access to quality counsel, reducing costs, creating a more competitive legal market, and expanding a client's choice of attorneys.
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text: The research project RP-1360 investigated the nature of dust collected on general ventilation air filters and how the filter performance changes over time due at least in part to the collection of that dust. A "Four-City Study" investigated the performance of in-situ filters over their lifetimes for pressure drop, dust weight gain, and changes in filtration efficiency. To investigate the nature of dust collected by filters for a large number of locations, a "Multi-City Study" was undertaken. This study focused solely on properties of the dust collected on filters and included the dust's elemental composition, organic and inorganic carbon content, particle morphology, the presence of fibers, and dust color. Filter efficiency as it changes over time is not well represented by the dust loading steps in the ASHRAE Standard 52.2 test. The Appendix J conditioning step was needed to bracket the minimum in-situ efficiency of the electret filter. Reporting values calculated from the minimum efficiency curve are much more relevant to in-situ performance than the use of average or final dust-loaded values.


text:
SEMI F70 - Test Method for Determination of Particle Contribution of Gas Delivery System
This Standard was technically approved by the Gases Global Technical Committee. This edition was approved for publication by the global Audits and Reviews Subcommittee on December 8, 2016. Available at _URL_ and _URL_ in May 2017; originally published March 2002; previously published June 2011.
NOTICE: This Document was reapproved with minor editorial changes.
The purpose of this Document is to provide a standardized methodology and procedure for measuring the particle contribution performance of a gas delivery system in terms of number of particles added to gas flowing through the system. This standardized procedure is intended to be used commonly by the gas delivery system suppliers, equipment suppliers, and end-users.
This Test Method applies to surface mount and conventional gas delivery systems used in semiconductor manufacturing equipment.
Referenced SEMI Standards
SEMI C57 — Specification for Argon
SEMI C59 — Specification for Nitrogen


text:
The associate in science degree and certificate options in machine technology at Allan
Hancock College will prepare you for a successful career in the machining and manufacturing
The machine technology program at Allan Hancock College progresses from basic to advanced
machining courses. The first course in the program covers all the basic skills of
machine technology. In the advanced classes students apply basic skills to more advanced
machining using Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machines.
As a graduate of the machine technology program students will have mastered the techniques
used in modern machine technology and programming.
Students learn the working properties of metals and use the skills they learn with
machine tools to plan, carry out, and create machined products that meet precise specifications.
In addition to machine lab work, students will learn to read and interpret blueprints
and acquire a mastery of applied mathematics.
As a student you will be trained to work with and understand:
- Basics of tool grinding and cutting theory
- Conventional lathes and milling machines
- Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machines
- Mastercam CAD/CAM software
The curriculum at Allan Hancock College is continuosly addressing emerging technologies such as Computer Aided Manufacturing and Design (CAD/CAM) and rapid proto-typing. In
just two years students are trained to become a skilled machinist with the tools necessary begin
a career in the high-tech world of machine technology.
Why choose to become a machinist?
- Opportunities for employment are good for both men and women in manufacturing technology or machining
- Employers continually look for workers with experience in CAD/CAM and CNC programming
- Technical and applied mathematical academic skills in the manufacturing and product
development industries are in demand
- New technologies are continually emerging allowing workers to develop a broad range
According to the Employment Development Department, the median wage in 2009 for Machinists in California is $37,997 annually or $18.26
The hourly wages for Machinists in California vary depending on training and experience.
With the training students receive from the Machine Technology program at Allan Hancock
College students can expect to earn wages of up to $20 an hour.
Industrial Technology Department, Building O
Marna Lombardi, Administrative Secretary
Phone: _PHONE_
Monday-Thursday, 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.
Friday, 8 a.m. - 4 p.m.
Top of Page
Basic Law Enforcement Academy Student
"I chose the academy because it was local and it's one of the best. The academy is a very rigorous program that has demanded the utmost of my physical capability, my time requirements and everything that I'm capable of doing and bringing to the program. It's challenged me, it's challenged my teammates and it will challenge anyone else that decides to join."
Read More »
See us in action
Video: Machine Tech student Lucas has goals to own a machine shop.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Why Did Kaneki'S Nails Turn Black?
How old is kaneki?
Why did they kidnap kaneki?
He was a ghoul tortured brutally by a CCG officer and quickly became a torturer himself. It's safe to say he tortured other people before Kaneki. … Yamori, a sadistic guy, wanted to see how strong a one eyes willpower was, so he took kaneki, and you know the rest from there!
What do black fingernails mean?
Dark spots or streaks rather than full discoloration of the nails may be caused by bruising, psoriasis, melanoma (a type of skin cancer), chronic infections, and medications such as from cancer chemotherapy.
Why the nails are black?
Some types of bacteria, as well as fungal infection of the nail, can also produce melanin that discolours the nails. Nicotine stains from cigarettes, certain medicated lotions and dirt can also stain our nails. Injuries or ill-fitting shoes can cause bleeding under the nail, making it appear black.
Why did kaneki's hair turn white?
As Kaneki had to repeatedly heal his toes over and over and over, all the while being tortured and borderline starved. His body was basically getting weaker and weaker because the cells were wearing thin, which is why his hair turns white, as happens with people when they get old.
Was kaneki's mom abusive?
Kaneki being abused. She was intelligent and seemed to always be kind. … Kaneki's description of his mother appears to be somewhat distorted; his memories of her show her actions of being physically abusive, beating her young son and putting others' needs before his emotional health along with her own physical health.
Did kaneki eat hide?
Kaneki has gone out of his mind, babbling irrationally in a state of being half kakuja. Hide lets Kaneki eat his face to get back his strength. While it appeared at first that Hide had died in the process, he reappeared later as Scarecrow, an ally of Kaneki and the ghoul hunters.
Is kaneki the strongest ghoul?
Ken Kaneki is the main protagonist of the Tokyo Ghoul series. … Kaneki is ranked as an SS Ghoul, but he is much more powerful than that.
What do black streaks in fingernails mean?
Black lines on the nail can be the result of many conditions. Trauma is one of the most common causes of splinter hemorrhages. This can occur when something hurts your nail bed and bursts a blood vessel under your nail.
What happens if your fingernail turns black?
It is common for a nail to turn black after an injury. The black or purple-black color is caused by blood under the nail and will go away as the injury heals. Black, brown, or purple discoloration under a nail that has not been injured may be caused by melanoma.
What mental illness does kaneki have?
dissociative identity disorderA more common and rational belief is that Kaneki/Haise suffers from dissociative identity disorder, in which the sufferer has two or more distinct and separate identities that take control over the persons behaviour.
How long was kaneki tortured?
10 daysYou are correct, but there are some people who don't know exactly how long Kaneki was tortured. He was tortured for 10 days, enough time for his hair to turn white.


Walk-ins: Come by our shop at 4943 NE 105 Ave, Portland, Oregon. Mail-in Orders: Shop online and have your items shipped for repair to our Arizona address provided at checkout.
Ford Body Control Module: Costly Replacement and Programming
Ford Body Control Module: Costly Replacement and Programming
The body control module (BCM), also known as the fuse box, is an essential component in Ford vehicles. It plays a crucial role in controlling various electrical functions, such as lighting, power windows, door locks, and more. However, when the BCM fails, it can be an expensive and complicated issue to resolve.
Replacing and programming a faulty Ford BCM requires specialized knowledge and equipment. It is not a task that can be easily performed by the average vehicle owner. In this article, we will explore the reasons behind the high cost of BCM replacement and programming and how professional assistance can help.
Why is BCM Replacement Expensive?
The cost of replacing a Ford BCM can vary depending on several factors, including the make and model of the vehicle, the complexity of the system, and the labor involved. Here are a few reasons why BCM replacement can be expensive:
 1. Specialized Knowledge: BCM replacement requires in-depth knowledge of the vehicle's electrical system and the ability to diagnose the exact cause of the failure. This expertise is typically found in professional automotive technicians.
 2. Programming: Once the new BCM is installed, it needs to be programmed to communicate with other modules in the vehicle. This programming ensures that all electrical functions work correctly. Only specialized equipment and software can perform this task.
 3. Original Parts: Genuine new Ford BCMs are often expensive than used. Using original parts helps ensure compatibility and reliability.
 4. Labor Costs: Replacing a BCM can be a time-consuming process, involving disassembling parts of the vehicle and accessing hard-to-reach areas. The labor costs associated with this process can contribute to the overall expense.
How Professional Assistance Can Help
Given the complexity and cost involved in BCM replacement and programming, seeking professional assistance is highly recommended. Here are a few ways in which professionals can help:
 1. Expert Diagnosis: Automotive technicians with experience in BCM issues can accurately diagnose the problem, ensuring that only the necessary repairs are performed.
 2. Access to Specialized Equipment: Professional auto repair shops have access to specialized equipment and software required for BCM programming. This ensures that the replacement BCM is correctly programmed and all functions are restored.
 3. Time and Cost Efficiency: Professionals can efficiently replace and program the BCM, saving you time and minimizing the risk of costly mistakes.
It is important to note that attempting to replace or program the BCM yourself, without the necessary expertise and equipment, can lead to further complications and potentially more expensive repairs.
Conclusion
The body control module in Ford vehicles is a critical component responsible for various electrical functions. When it fails, the replacement and programming process can be expensive and complex. Seeking professional assistance from experienced automotive technicians is the best way to ensure a successful BCM replacement, proper programming, and the restoration of all electrical functions.
At KARMAN AUTO, we have the expertise and specialized equipment to handle Ford BCM replacement and programming. Contact us today for professional assistance and reliable service.


text:
Wednesday, April 9, 2008
UNLV LawProf Rachel Anderson has published a very interesting draft on SSRN; though not specifically about criminal law, it will be of interest to many CrimProfs. The abstract: This article argues for reforms in the institution of student-run law reviews. Specifically, it calls for an increased understanding of the potential for bias in the article-selection process. Further it calls for institutional retraining to support the implementation of new criteria and standards and facilitate more accurate evaluation of scholarship.
The evaluation of legal scholarship is often based on assumptions stemming from socio-cultural understandings of law and society that do not address or incorporate the breadth of American society across lines of race, class, gender, and sexual orientation. Nor is it reasonable to expect them to do so. No one scholarly norm or standard can rigorously analyze the full range and extent of the breadth and depth of American society. This inherent inability demands a plurality of ideologies, methodologies, norms, and standards to facilitate and ensure a complex and rigorous intellectual debate. The reforms suggested in this article are intended to address the hurdles that law review editors must overcome to effectuate a more intellectually rigorous and informationally valuable article-selection process.
This article uses a hybrid methodology employing the tools and insights of both critical race theory and law and economics. It begins with issues of bias in legal scholarship raised in the two preceding decades by Richard Delgado, a leading critical race theorist, and Edward Rubin, a former Chair of the Association of American Law Schools Section on Socio-Economics. Then, it follows in the tradition of law and economics scholars and Nobel Prize winner Garry Becker utilizing the tools of economic analysis in non-market contexts. Specifically, this article utilizes economic theories and concepts such as market failure, informational asymmetry, switching costs, and network effects to develop a deeper understanding of institutional bias on law reviews. Finally, it employs scholarship on rhetoric and critical reading skills to identify opportunities for reform. [Jack Chin]

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Explaining the relationship between GDP and the business cycle can be quite difficult since it requires understanding both these terms individually. Both these terms are dependent on each other, though, and are a reflection of the nation's economic health.
With regards to the aforementioned query and the following answer, we would be covering four broad spectrum's of economic theory and thought. Adam Smith, Alfred Marshall's logic, Keynesian thought for the demand and supply analysis, and the overall logic of macro and micro economics. To understand the relationship between GDP and business cycle, it is first necessary to understand the meaning of each of them and how they have an influence on each other.
Definitions and Meaning of GDP and Business Cycle
In this answer, it must be noted that no complex incomprehensible theories have been used, instead a simple logic has been used to back up the relationship in the two concepts. However before we take a look at how and why these conditions affect each other, it is essential to know the definition of the two concepts.
Gross Domestic Product
A gross domestic product is principally the total of all the goods and services which have been produced within a nation's borders in one accounting year. The common formula for GDP goes as follows:
C + G + I + NX
Where C is the private consumption and spending, G is the government spending, I is the spending for business and NX is the difference between imports and exports. On the whole a GDP provides a great overview and indication of the production, spending and income earning capacity of the economy.
While reading the answer to the question, what is the relation between GDP and business cycle, note that here we will be dealing with 4 business cycles that affect the economic indicators and not the 5 classifications of business cycles that are based upon the time duration of cycle. The 4 business cycles include the following:
The economy of each and every nation goes through these changes continually, and there is no economy that has not experienced this cycle. These cycles are triggered by several factors such a lack of resources, laws, foreign policy, politics, war, economic health of the private sector, etc. The factors may affect the economic situation either collectively in individually. The change of cycle in a negative gear indicates that the balanced equilibrium of the economy has been disturbed and the economic machinery is not functioning in proper manner, and there is need for change.
Relation Between GDP and the Business Cycle
The aforementioned business cycles have a profound effect on the GDP. There is no specified theory or equation or rational formula that establishes the relation between the GDP and the business cycle, or the effect that a business cycle on a GDP. Also it must be noted every cycle, GDP and the status of the economy which it represents, is unique and every cycle has to be dealt with a different approach.
Here is what exactly happens with each cycle. Now to understand the table, imagine a fat 'U' that is the letter 'U' not 'U' as in 'you'. Sorry ladies, for the rude shock. The left upper section of the U is 'slump'. The tapering downward slope is a recession. The upward going slope is the 'recovery', and the portion above it is a 'boom'.
|Business Cycle||Meaning||Characteristics and Merits||Demerits||Effect on GDP and National Economy|
|Slump||A slump is a time period where the equating balance of the equilibrium of the economy degrades due to some cause resulting into the drop in output and growth of the economy.||Common characteristics of the slump period includes a reduction in output which leads to reduction in demand. As customers start to spend lesser and save more as they ready themselves for a recession, an even greater drop in output is witnessed.||The confidence of the economy is shaken due to the slump and in this period, some businesses start to incur losses, bad debts and drop in the inward cash flow is observed. The comprehensive is accumulated in places such as savings accounts and the net drop in all outflow of goods occurs.||In this cycle, the GDP of the nation starts dropping and the key initiative of the people is to save and lessen spending. In this cycle, a distinctive rise in the imports is observed. So basically the GDP of the nation drops down as a result of decreased economic activity and lack in resource input and output sales values.|
|Recession||The grave follow-up of the slump cycle is the recession, where an acute and drastic drop in the level of total goods and products manufactured is seen. The only merit, per se being that the consumers in the economy go into a relatively healthy cycle of lots of savings and the less demand leads to a substantial drop down in the general price levels.||Negative aspects are not just substantial in number, but they also tend to have a substantial effect on the economy. The prominent effect is that the employment levels and the levels of production drop. Lack of proper resource supply, bankruptcy and high government spending are some of other important aspects of a recession||In this stage, the GDP drops down substantially due to decreased spending, unemployment and bankruptcy, a further decrease in the demand, decreases the level of production, together affect the GDP.||During the periods of recession the levels of GDP rapidly drop, often at alarming rates.|
|Recovery||Recovery is the process where the economy starts to recover from the reduced GDP and comes back to a normal status.||The principle characteristic of such an economic situation is that the production and economic activities are renewed and some of the crucial negative aspects of economy such as bankruptcy and unemployment are significantly curtailed, exports start increasing and imports are controlled or eliminated to the extent of achieving self sufficiency.||There are almost no or few potential demerits of such a state of the economy, a prominent problem being that this very state of the economy can lead out into a recessionary cycle.||A slow, steady and gradual rise in the GDP would be observed in such a recovery stage.|
|Boom||A boom is a period of substantial rise in the output and manufacturing volumes. In such a case the growth or the amount of inward cash flow goes on increasing and so does the volume of export.||This cycle results in a rapid growth, in monetary terms, quick profits, self-reliance, favorable trade and a drastic rise in overall income level of the population.||There is a strong chance of rise in the level of general inflation and there is also a substantial risk of facing what is known as overspending.||The GDP of the nation increases substantially in this time period.|
Apart from these aforementioned facts and effects there are several other factors that are bound to influence the GDP at the same time.


text:
Birds on Signs
Birds on signs is a very common problem that is found in all parts of the country, birds will take up space in just about any type of sign, Column signs, store front signs, any type of sign that offers birds a height advantage over predators. This is the reason that most birds roost in high places, this height advantage is huge in the survival of the birds and their continued existence. In this page will we help you determine the types of birds that are causing you problems on your sign and the best way to solve the problem with the birds. as you will learn, Not all wildlife control companies are capable of solving this problem, it will take a skilled certified company that has knowledge of this situation to solve the problem correctly. Not all signs are created equal and no two bird problems are addressed the same way, always consult a professional and let them make a educated evaluation of the job site.
Damage birds do to signs
Birds will damage signs by dropping their feces on it, bird feces is very high in acid and it will deteriorate metal and plastic at a very rapid pace. Bird feces has been linked to many structural problems including the August 1, 2007 bridge collapse in Minneapolis, Minnesota. It was determined that years of bird feces weakened the structure to the point of collapse. This is a example of the damage that bird feces can do to any structure.
Types of birds that get on signs
Several types of birds are known to cause birds on sign problems, the most common is the pigeon. Pigeons are known to loaf around signs that are often high, these high standing signs make these birds feel safe and secure hanging out on these structures. House sparrows are another bird that has been known to frequent signs and make a mess, the biggest problem with both types of birds is their feces and health hazards associated with it.
Ways to rid signs of birds
There are several ways to solve the bird on sign problem, one of the most common way is to install bird spikes, this is sometimes a solutions that will work, but there are more effective ways to handle this problem, Bird track, lasers, and several other methods are a better solution to this unique problem that is found in every city in the united states.
Who to call?
There are wildlife control operators all over the country that can handle this type of problem, but you should really consider contacting a company that has national certification dealing with birds and the problems they cause. Bird dropping has been liked to several diseases, specifically histoplasmosis. This is a very dangerous disease that is often fatal in the young and the elderly. That's why it is very important to have a certified company handle these problems, you can find a certified by control professional by sending us a contact us form, we will direct your information to the closest CERTIFIED bird control professional.


text:
On a typical oil and gas platform, heat exchangers are critical components for the proper operation of any hydrocarbon separation process plant. It is common practice for seawater to be used untreated apart from dosing with hypochlorite in cooling systems. The operation of the cooler presents a dynamic system, where the structural materials of the component can experience very harsh conditions. Thus, the selection of materials must ensure both economical design and reliable performance.
To test the suitability of materials for these kinds of service conditions, TWI built a set up to simulate the complex in-service environment of a shell-and-tube cooler. TWI then carried out testing of a Ni-based alloy (C276), typically used for this component, in order to assess its resistance to crevice corrosion in the simulated in-service conditions.
A lab-scale experimental set up was developed in order to be able to simulate a dynamic system as that of a shell-and-tube cooler and monitor its complex service environment, typically involving seawater with the heat exchanger design. The test approach was successful in an environment consisting of seawater with high dissolved oxygen concentration and free chlorine at +80°C


text:
The construction of almost 34 kilometres of a new sewerage network in the municipalities of Hodějice, Němčany, Křižanovice, Heršpice and Nížkovice na Vyškovsku and the construction of a common wastewater treatment plant in Hodějice is a project of a voluntary union of the Ligary Municipalities.
We have built a separate sewerage network which means that we have left the original sewers and added new wastewater sewers. The retained parts of the original sewerage system are now used to drain rainwater.
In the predominant part of the town residential area, there is a gravity drainage. Due to the configuration of the terrain, the system includes 11 pumping stations located in the lowest sewer catchment areas. The whole system can be controlled and monitored using a computer from a control room located in the waste water treatment plant.
Architecturally, the wastewater treatment plant was designed to fit properly into the landscape but at the same time to be resistant to flood discharge up to the hundred-year water level. The capacity of the wastewater treatment plant was designed for 4 600 equivalent inhabitants. The project included the construction of a technological line for wastewater treatment in the mechanical and biological cleaning set.
The total cost of the construction amounted to 352 million CZK. The project is co-financed by European Union funds – Operational Programme Environment, State Environmental Fund of the Czech Republic, South Moravian Region and investor's resources, Voluntary Association of the LIGARY Municipalities.
|Amount||352 million CZK|
|Investor||Dobrovolný svazek obcí Ligary s dotační podporou|


text:
During the oil spills response actions, the rapid location and mapping of the oil slicks at sea surface is needed, as well as the characterization of different types of oils, avoiding false alarms whenever possible. In this way, all information provided by remote sensors can be useful to improve the strategies to cleanup oceanic regions and to protect the vulnerable coastal areas, minimizing possible environmental damages.
Synthetic Aperture Radars (SAR) are widely used for this purpose, due to their potential for systematic data acquisition covering large areas with near real time delivery capability, offering different spectral and spatial resolutions, swaths, incidence angles and polarization channels.
Since the nineties automatic and semiautomatic algorithms have been developed to detect low backscatter regions related with oil slicks aiming to assist large scale monitoring initiatives. Traditionally, the majority of the SAR data used have commonly been acquired with wide swaths in single or dual-pol channels. However during the emergency situations, where the position of the oil spills are known, polarimetric SAR data (Pol SAR) can be used to provide detailed information about the occurrences, as well as to minimize the false alarms interference. Recent studies, using several polarimetric attributes, have been investigating the potential of dual, quad and compact polarization modes to detect different backscatter mechanisms in biogenic and mineral oil slicks, probably related with different chemical properties and thicknesses variations.
The objective of this paper is to evaluate the potential and the trade-offs provided by single, dual and quad-polarized data to detect oil slicks at sea surface. To accomplish this, a set of SAR data acquired by RADARSAT-2 [quad-polarized] and Sentinel-1 [dual-polarized] were processed and classified using a region classifier named Pol Class based on stochastic distances.
The Pol Class was used because of its potential to use proper statistical modeling to process SAR data in different formats. This work uses the Intensity and the Polarimetric modules to classify the SAR data. The Polarimetric module is used to evaluate all complex information contained in the Pol SAR data, and the Intensity module provides the dual and single-polarized channels assessment, making feasible to compare the advantages of using all possible polarimetric combinations.
The expectation is to contribute with the scientific community evaluation about the trade-offs provided by the single, dual and quad-polarized SAR data applied to oil detection, considering as reference the needs of the operational use during both, routine monitoring and emergency situations.
(2) Research Center for Petrobras - CENPES: _EMAIL_


text:
Hey everyone! If you want to learn Node.js, then check out my Node.js Learning Path, which you can find only at IBM Developer.
The Event Loop is the key to Node's scalability.
Unit 5 of the LP is about the Event Loop, and in it you'll learn stuff like:
- The phases of the Event Loop
- How to write code that runs in the various phases (so you know when your code will run)
- The Node Events API
- Node Streams
There's a quiz to help you deepen your understanding of the material, and a video too:
Ready to dive into the Node Event Loop? Then click here to jump right to Unit 5.
Want to take the entire course? Then click here to start at the beginning, with Unit 1.
Either way, have fun, good luck, and thanks for reading!


255 : B);
 pix[index] = 0xff000000 | (R << 16) | (G << 8) | B;
Bitmap bm = Bitmap.createBitmap(mPhotoWidth, mPhotoHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
bm.setPixels(pix, 0, mPhotoWidth, 0, 0, mPhotoWidth, mPhotoHeight);
if (null!= mBitmap) {
mBitmap = bm;
// Put the updated bitmap into the main view
pix = null;
Figure 2 shows the result after a user touches the screen.
Android Image Processing
Figure 2: Result After Touching the Screen
Putting All the Pieces Together
The previous sections explained how to import and export an image file, create a view for it, and process each pixel in the image. One thing you should add is a simple user interaction so that a sequence of events can happen in response to the user's input. OnTouchEvent() allows you to handle the screen touches that are key to the modern devices. The software is set to wait for the end of the screen touch event. When the touch is released, the picture will be tinted by a color angle of 60 degrees and its result will be saved onto an external storage file.
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
 switch (event.getAction()) {
 case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
 // Perform the tinting operation
 // Display a short message on screen
 Toast.makeText(TutorialOnImages.this, "Picture was tinted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
 // Save the result
 return (true);
 case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
 return super.onTouchEvent(event);
Some Advice for Android Image Processing
Before you jump into image Android image processing, here are some pointers to keep in mind:
 - If it takes too long to process all the image pixels (approximately five seconds), you could get a popup dialog called Application Not Responding or ANR. You should create a child thread and do the complicated calculation there. That should keep the main thread running without interruption.
 - If the child thread needs to change the main view (called UI thread), you should use a message handler in the main thread to listen for the notification from the child thread and then update the view accordingly. A child thread cannot modify the view in the main UI thread directly.
 - Some enhancements can be made. For example, it can be modified to read the image file from browsing the folders or from a URL. Image animation can be done carefully through multi-threading and message handling along with rectangle clipping to produce smooth transition effects.
Hopefully, the information provided here has given you a rough idea of how Android image processing works. I hope you develop a neat image application for the Android platform with your own unique style. From Eclipse, you can create a new Android project by selecting "Creating project from existing source" and browse to the folder where the sample project is decompressed to.
 1. Download and save the entire software project
 2. Android Developers at:
 3. Rafael C. Gonzalez and Richard E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, Addison-Wesley Publishing, 1994
About the Author
Chunyen Liu has been a software professional for many years. Some of his applications were among winners at programming contests administered by SUN, ACM and IBM. He has also co-authored U.S. patents, written articles, and reviewed books for various publishers. He holds advanced degrees in Computer Science and has written numerous hobby apps at Androidlet and The J Maker. On the non-technical side, he is a tournament-ranked table tennis player, certified umpire, and certified coach of USA Table Tennis.
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text:
Only open at certain times
|Location||51.38877,0.503685 (Google Maps)||Directions||Directions via Google Maps|
Dimensions of main church
|Length of nave||126||0|
|Height of nave||55||0|
|Width of nave||65||0|
|Length of choir||147||0|
The abbey church at Gloucester built by Abbot Serlo was dedicated by Samson the Bishop of Worcester, Gundulph the Bishop of Rochester and Harvey Bishop of Bangor.
Gundulf's thirty year career of magnificent castle and cathedral design and construction came to an end with his death. His plans for the reconstruction of Rochester Cathedral were left incomplete. It was not until 1115 that construction work was to resume under the direction of Ernulf.
Construction of Rochester Cathedral's nave commenced in 1115 and was finished in around 1130.
On the same day that Henry I attended the consecration of Rochester Cathedral, a fire took hold in the city and damaged the newly finished building.
Work on the West front of Rochester Cathedral began in 1150.
In 1177 or 1179 another fire took hold in the city of Rochester damaging the Cathedral.
Building work on eastern area of the Cathedral at Rochester began in around 1200 and continued until 1227.
Work on the north transept of Rochester Cathedral took place between 1240 and 1255.
Rebuilding work on the South Transept and nave of Rochester Cathedral commenced in 1280.
Under the direction of Bishop Hamo de Hythe the construction of a new central tower was begun


Linux: Working with awk and sed
This Linux example involves a database of books that includes the ISBN number of each title. In the old days, ISBN numbers were ten digits and included an identifier for the publisher and a unique number for each book. ISBN numbers are now thirteen digits for new books.
Old books (those published before the first of 2007) have both the old 10-digit and a new 13-digit number that can be used to identify them. For this example, the existing 10-digit number will stay in the database and a new field — holding the ISBN-13 number — will be added to the end of each entry.
To come up with the ISBN-13 number for the existing entries in the database, you start with 978, then use the first 9 digits of the old ISBN number. The thirteenth digit is a mathematical calculation (a check digit) obtained by doing the following:
 1. Add all odd-placed digits (the first, the third, the fifth, and so on).
 2. Multiply all even-placed digits by 3 and add them.
 3. Add the total of Step #2 to the total of Step #1.
 4. Find out what you need to add to round the number up to the nearest 10. This value becomes the thirteenth digit.
For example, consider the 10-digit ISBN _PHONE_. It first becomes 978074347710, and then the steps work out like this:
 1. 9+8+7+3+7+1=35
 2. 7*3=21 ; 0*3=0; 4*3=12; 4*3=12; 7*3=21; 0*3=0; 21+0+12+12+21+0=66
 3. 66+35=101
 4. 110-101=9. The ISBN-13 thus becomes 9780743477109.
The beginning database resembles:
_PHONE_:Macbeth:Shakespeare, William
_PHONE_:The Innovator's Solution:Christensen, Clayton M.
_PHONE_:(SCTS) Symantec Certified Technical Specialist:Alston, Nik
_PHONE_:Cisco Network Admission Control, Volume I:Helfrich, Denise
And you want the resulting database to change so each line resembles something like this:
_PHONE_:Macbeth:Shakespeare, William:9780743477109
The example that follows accomplishes this goal. It's not the prettiest thing ever written, but it walks through the process of tackling this problem, illustrating the use of awk and sed.
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text:
Volume 17, No. 3, March 2017, Pages 913-922 PDF(758 KB)
Supplementary MaterialPDF (491 KB)
High-Performance Amino-Functional Graphene/CNT Aerogel Adsorbent for Formaldehyde Removal from Indoor Air
Jie Ma1,2, Yiran Sun1, Jinhu Yang3, Zichen Lin1, Qianying Huang1, Tian Ou1, Fei Yu2,4
1 State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
2 College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai _PHONE_, China
3 School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
4 Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Environment Functional Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
- A flexible approach prepares amino-functional graphene/CNT aerogels.
- The breakthrough time presents a big increase (from 390 to 20300 min g–1).
- The adsorption mechanism of formaldehyde was also studied.
- ACGAs offers application prospects in the other indoor pollutant removal.
A flexible approach prepares amino-functional graphene aerogels with different additions of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for use as an adsorbent to study the adsorption performance of formaldehyde in indoor air. Experimental results indicated that the decoration of amino groups offers a greater number of chemical adsorption sites, which mainly contributed to the improvement of the chemical adsorption capacity of graphene aerogels, and the breakthrough time increased from 0 to 390 min g–1 under 3.7 ppm of formaldehyde. The addition of CNTs can significantly enhance the adsorption properties. More interestingly, the breakthrough time presents a substantial increase from 390 to 20,300 min g–1 when the mass ratio of CNTs and graphene increased from 0:1 to 2:1 and then decreased to 18,000 min g–1 at the ratio of 3:1. The addition of CNTs weakens the agglomeration degree and achieves a greater number of adsorption sites by playing a supportive and connective role among graphene sheets. However, more CNTs will agglomerate, and fewer functional groups on the surface limit additional amounts. The adsorption mechanism was also studied by analyzing the surface specific area and N content. This work provides new insights into the application of amino-functional graphene aerogels with the additions of CNTs (AGCAs) as a potential adsorbent to eliminate indoor formaldehyde pollution.
Graphene; Carbon nanotube; Aerogel; Adsorbent; Formaldehyde.


text:
FISHHOLE CREEK. Fishhole (Fishole) Creek, also known as Jackson Branch, rises three miles north of Afton in extreme north central Dickens county (at 33°49' N, 100°48' W) and runs northeast for five miles to its mouth on the South Pease (or Tongue) River, in south central Motley County a mile north of the Dickens-Motley county line (at 33°51' N, 100°46' W). The local terrain is characterized by moderately steep slopes with locally high relief, surfaced by shallow to moderately deep silt loams that support mesquite and grasses.
The following, adapted from the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th edition, is the preferred citation for this article."FISHHOLE CREEK," Handbook of Texas Online (_URL_ accessed May 26, 2013. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.


Homework for September 23rd, 2018
Dear parents,
Here are the home works assigned by class level for each of the Telugubadi students. All these home works are due on September 23rd, 2018.
Please make sure that your children complete this home work before the next class.
Prathamika - 1& 2
1. Write / Trace the words written in the notebook.
2. Write two additional words for each letter written in the notebook.
Madhyama - 1
1. Write the words in the bottom section of on pg # 15 ( pg # 17 in new text books) in the notebook.
2. Practice acchulu, hallulu well.
Madhyama - 2
1. Write Aksharamala అ-ఱ one time each day, and Guninthaalu from క-ఘ and vothulu of క-ఘ 3 times each day.
2. Write all the words reviewed on page 16 * 3 times each day.
3. Memorize the last two lines of the padyam "నీ పాద కమల"
Utteerna - 2
1. Answer the questions after the passage: "అవ్వ మేక"
2. Speak in Telugu every day of the week for 30 minutes and get one of your parent's signature.
3. Be prepared to write a short paragraph (300 words) in Telugu about any topic.
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Homework for February 3rd, 2019
Homework for February 10th, 2019


text: WEATHER(7) (alice) WEATHER(7) NAME weather - conditions and forecast by town SYNOPSIS weather [ -h ] [ -m ] DESCRIPTION Weather reports current weather conditions and a forecast for towns in the contiguous United States. It reads town names from the standard input, one per line. Each input line should be of the form walla walla, wa where the state is given as the 2-letter Post Office abbre- viation. The information provided is the temperature, humidity, whether or not it is raining or snowing, and an indication of cloudiness and visibility if it is not. If the wind is above 10 knots the wind speed and direction are given. Up to three forecasts are given (assuming they can be found within a 4x4 degree latitude-longitude square): a forecast of high and low temperatures plus probability of precipita- tion taken from some numerical model of the atmosphere, a general area forecast and a marine forecast (if near the coast and if the -m argument is given). To just get a local forecast, the command weather -h is equivalent to weather followed by a single input line of Murray Hill, NJ. BUGS Not all the available information is used yet: we hope cumu- lative precipitation will be added, and additional forecasts will be included.


text:
Date added: 2021-03-24
Urban planner becomes twice winner of the Minister's award for her doctoral dissertation
The author of the awarded doctoral dissertation designed a model that uses Big Data and available spatial information resources collected and processed by local government institutions and public administration. The model makes it possible to conduct spatial monitoring, i.e. it allows to assess what changes occur in the space of cities and the region. Thus, it can be a support tool for shaping spatial policy, both at the local and regional level. The author used it to assess the effects of the Gdańsk-Gdynia-Sopot metropolis on the development of the functional and spatial structure of the settlement network in the region.
The idea to create the model appeared during the laureate's work at the Pomeranian Regional Planning Office, where she worked on the spatial development plan for the Pomeranian Voivodeship and the plan for the metropolitan area.
– I noticed then that it is not possible to define the same planning recommendations for all small towns in our region due to the diversity of processes taking place in the cities themselves, but also in the voivodeship - explains the town planner. - The growing role of the Gdańsk-Gdynia-Sopot metropolis contributes to changes in the region, for example the dynamics of the suburbanization process. So far, if we have conducted such studies, they were largely based on data from public statistics or qualitative assessments. However, in Poland we have more and more available spatial information resources, i.e. georeferenced data. They make it possible to follow the changes taking place in cities in more detail and to observe spatial conflicts at various scales.
The planner's ambition was to capture the diversity of spatial processes, and thus more precisely define planning recommendations aimed at shaping the sustainable development of the settlement network in the region. The use of the model allowed to assess the scale of spatial challenges faced by Pomeranian cities and the region, including issues related to suburbanization.
Hanna Obracht-Prondzyńska, PhD, Eng. Arch. is an assistant professor at the Department of Urban Design and Regional Planning at Gdańsk University of Technology and co-creates the GUT Urban Data Lab. She is currently conducting research on the possibility of using data from social media to assess the perception of city space. The latest published article devoted to this subject was posted on the Most Wiedzy portal.


text:
Craft of the Harvest
Join the curators for an in-depth tour of the current exhibition featuring art made from cultivated plant sources.
When: Saturday, Nov. 17, 2012, 2 p.m.
Where: Casa Dolores, 1023 Bath St., Santa Barbara
Age limit: All ages
The exhibit features art made from cultivated plant sources such as gourds, coconuts, cornhusks, palm leaves, and various types of straw. You will learn about some of the regional plants in Mexico, as well as many different artistic techniques that craftspeople use to create these utilitarian and decorative pieces.
Event posted Nov. 12, 2012
Last updated Nov. 16, 2012


text: A 3D finite element (FE) model was developed to calculate the vertical forces on dental implants supporting prosthetic bridgework. Results of PE models were compared to results of an analytical model developed by Skalak (1), and to experimental results from laboratory models of semicircular metal and acrylic bridges supported by screw-shaped titanium dental implants specially-designed to sense axial load. The dental implants in these lab models were inserted into (a) an aluminum baseplate (Ng's experiment (2) or (b) a dried human mandible (Edwards' experiment (3)) in order to vary the stiffness of the 'bone'-implant interface. FE models were constructed with beam elements for the implants and brick elements for the bridge. To simulate the effects of different stiffnesses at the bone-implant interface, some FE models used foundation elements of prescribed stiffness beneath the implant beam elements. Models were run with purely vertical forces applied at various locations along the bridge, e.g., at distal locations, midline locations and at an intermediate point. Two key results were: (a) For implants in a stiff interface, supporting either metal or acrylic bridges, the FE results were in closer agreement with experimental data than the Skalak analytical model. (b) For implants in a less stiff interface, the FE model and Skalak model predicted the implant loads accurately for the case of the metal bridge but only the FE model was accurate in the case of the acrylic bridge. For future work it will be important to obtain better data on actual interfacial stiffnesses as input data for FE models.


Noble Houses
Of the many noble houses throughout the Known Worlds, five have achieved prominence and effectively rule most of Human Space — under their new Emperor, of course. The Emperor Wars took a toll on many of these houses: the losers now struggle to regain lost lands or power, while the victors fight to ensure that their rivals stay down.
The life of a noble is not the leisurely idyll one might expect: there are fiefs to manage, rivals to crush and wars to wage. While there is much power to be gained, there is always the risk of humiliation or loss of holdings and position. It is no wonder that they know how to party: their gala affairs are lavish and awe-inspiring — but also rife with intrigue, innuendo, back-stabbing and even sword dueling. To escape such pressures, noble sons and daughters often take to the stars with only a small entourage of friends and retainers, to better know the worlds they wish to one day rule.
The five major houses (called the Royal Houses) are:
Istakrian Nights
Noble Houses
Five Thousand and One Nights elaewin


text:
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Send money to the Maldives
Wondering how to send money to the Maldives from the US? Here's the information you need.
Send money to Maldives with WorldRemit
WorldRemit sends money to 110+ countries for bank-to-bank deposits, cash pick-ups or mobile top-ups.
- No minimum transfers.
- Wide range of destinations.
- Competitive exchange rate.
Compare international money transfers to the Maldives
You may struggle to find a provider that will send rufiyaas from the US. Your best bet may be to make a same currency transfer in US Dollars, then convert your money with a local currency exchange after receiving it.
What's in this guide?
- Compare international money transfers to the Maldives
- How do international money transfers work?
- What are my options for transferring money to the Maldives?
- How do I compare transfer companies when sending money to the Maldives?
- Steps to send money to the Maldives
- Tips for picking up cash in the Maldives
- Same-day money transfers in the Maldives
How do international money transfers work?
International money transfers allow you to convert currencies and send money to someone overseas. The average transfer process involves you providing funds to a bank or an independent transfer provider. It will then sends the money to your recipient in the Maldives.
Most transfers can be done in-person, over the phone, through a mobile app or online. You can pay with cash, card or a direct debit from your bank account. The transfer will then either be deposited into your recipient's bank account, mobile wallet or made available as cash for them to pick up at a location in their country.
What are my options for transferring money to the Maldives?
Money transfer services
Few money transfer providers send money to the Maldives. MoneyGram and Western Union are two reliable services that are able to convert US dollars to rufiyaas. Both companies have years of experience in international money transfers and allow for various methods of sending money quickly.
US dollars in the Maldives
If you're struggling to find a provider that will send rufiyaas, consider transferring US dollars. The US dollar is widely accepted as a form of payment, and by transferring US dollars, you won't have to deal with an exchange rate.
Case Study: Hassan compared different money transfer companies to send money to the Maldives
Hassan is one of the 330 students from the Maldives that received a long-term scholarship to study in America. Hassan's parents were unable to pay his school fees by the time he reached secondary school and took out several study loans to further fund his education. After completing his studies in the US, Hassan has since become a successful actuary.
He is now in a position where he can pay back the study loans for his parents. He compares different alternatives for sending money to his parents using the amount of $1,000 USD.
|Money transfer company A||Money transfer company B|
|Exchange rate||1 USD = 10.7227 MVR||1 USD = 10.639406 MVR|
|Amount received less the transfer fee||10,722.74 MVR||10,639.41 MVR|
|Transfer options||Phone, Online, Agent||Phone, Online, Agent|
Hassan decides to go with the first transfer company because it will give his parents more money to work with and he can handle the slightly higher fee.
How do I compare transfer companies when sending money to the Maldives?
- Exchange rates. Look for an exchange rate that's close to market average when making an exchange. Exchange rates are set by the transfer provider, but vary day-to-day and between providers.
- Pickup methods. Can your recipient pick up the cash from their nearest transfer agent, or will the funds be deposited into their bank account? Choose a method that's more convenient for the person receiving the money.
- Fees. Due to its limited accessibility in infrastructure and geography, international money transfer companies that send money to the Maldives usually require a higher fee for their service.
- Turnaround time. Will the funds be available for your beneficiary in minutes, or will they take several working days to arrive?
- Transfer methods. Can transfers be placed online, over the phone, by visiting a branch or by using a mobile app? The convenience of these options should impact your final choice.
- Minimum transfer amount. What is the minimum transfer limit imposed by each company? Will this affect the size of your transfer?
- Customer service. Is help available when you have a question regarding a transaction? Compare the availability of customer support options and hours.
Foreign exchange rates explained
Exchange rates determine how much one country's currency is worth when converted to the currency of another country. When a country's currency is strong, it will yield more money when exchanging it with a weak currency. The exact amount you'll receive when exchanging money depends on global economics, so monitoring rates will help you decide when to make a transfer.
Steps to send money to the Maldives
- Find a money transfer company from the table above.
- Visit the lender's website when you're ready to make a transfer.
- Create an account and begin a new transfer.
- Enter your recipient's information and the amount you want to send.
- Pay for your transfer.
- Keep your tracking number and receipt.
Once you've finished your part of the transfer, wait for your recipient to confirm that they've received their funds. This will ensure that there were no problems during the transfer process.
Tips for picking up cash in the Maldives
The Maldives is classified as a safe destination for tourists, but political unrest since 2016 has seen an increase in petty crimes and violent protests. When you're picking up cash in the Maldives, take a safety-first approach. Keep your cash hidden and deposit it with your bank as soon as possible. Take a friend along with you to collect the funds. Don't walk around busy areas with lots of cash, and never take out a large amount of bills in public.
Same-day money transfers in the Maldives
It is possible to make a same-day money transfer to the Maldives by using a quick money transfer service like MoneyGram. However, the exchange rate you receive will likely be worse than one you might get if your transfer took more time, and you may have to pay more fees for the fast service. When you're facing an emergency, a same-day transfer can be beneficial as long as you know the total cost you might have to pay.Back to top
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Ask an Expert


text: This chapter provides a theoretically-motivated overview of the association between social class and religion, primarily in the United States. I focus on three dimensions of this association. First, social-class stratification in religious affiliation, emphasizing both change and stability in the social-class hierarchy of religious traditions. Second, social-class differences in religious belief and participation, which indicate both positive and negative associations between social class and religiosity. Third, the influence of religion on views of social stratification, which in some ways support and in other ways conflict with expectations derived from classical theory. For each of these dimensions of the association between religion and social class, I review the relevant literature and provide empirical examples using the General Social Survey. I conclude by offering suggestions for future research.


text:
Boston dentist Samuel Bemis, one of the first Americans to use a daguerreotype outfit successfully, practiced photography during his summer months in the White Mountains of New Hampshire. His landscape views of the area are the earliest surviving American photographs to depict untamed nature. Here he depicts a scene of rugged beauty.
An innovative amateur, Bemis was not a masterful technician of the complicated daguerreotype process. The dark tone of the sky and the light areas along the slope of the mountain indicate inadequate processing of the daguerreotype plate.


English version
From Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
Related topics: Gardening
flowerpotflow‧er‧pot /ˈflaʊəpɒt $ -ərpɑːt/ noun [countable] flowerpot.jpg DLGa plastic or clay pot in which you grow plants
Examples from the Corpus
flowerpotIt had shutters and a flowerpot on a fake sill painted right on it.The key, here, was not kept under a flowerpot or stone but in a more foolproof and elaborate hiding-place.These pieces can also be cultivated in flowerpots where they develop very well if lighted properly.Although growing well under water, they adapt to normal soil conditions and can be cultivated in flowerpots as indoor plants.So letters were left under large stones, wedged firmly in flowerpots or slipped under the door.Place a large coffee filter in the bottom of flowerpot before adding soil.Perhaps you should conceal some small flowerpots under the wood.In the harsh air she poked around in the flowerpots and bushes by the front door.
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Click on the pictures to check.


The Hinterlands
Section links
The Hinterlands
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Performing History and Memory
The Hinterlands create theatrical performances that are both highly irrational and deeply American, diving into the dark heart of American popular entertainment to unlock the cultural memories held in our bodies and collective histories. Our most recent full-length performance, The Radicalization Process, uses live site-specific performance, archiving, and print media to explore the intersection between radical art and radical performance. Our next work, The Enemy of My Enemy, is a three-year project in partnership with Chinese, Russian, and Iranian artists, playwrights and community members to create a series of genre-busting performances that investigate perceptions of the US abroad and push the limit of theatre as a means for grassroots diplomacy.
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Three Ways to Identify the Right Metrics in a Deep Learning Strategy
In this special guest feature, Scott Clark, Co-founder and CEO of SigOpt, discusses why measurement should be the first step of any deep learning strategy. Before SigOpt, Scott led academic research for Yelp's Ad Targeting team, which included innovative outreach projects like the Yelp Dataset Challenge and open sourcing MOE. Scott holds a PhD in Applied Mathematics and an MS in Computer Science from Cornell University, as well as BS degrees in Mathematics, Physics and Computational Physics from Oregon State University. Scott was chosen as one of Forbes' 30 under 30 in 2016.
In machine learning and deep learning, identifying the right metric before experiments begin is essential. Machine learning models are built to achieve whatever programmers identify as the target, but if that target doesn't map back to a business goal, the model will fail to provide real value. When applied to the right metrics these models can provide incredible business value, but when optimized towards the wrong goals they can also cause incredible business loss.
Take driverless cars for example. Deep learning models play an essential role in analyzing data and directing the car on where to steer. Yet if those models aren't pointed at the right metrics, it could be detrimental. Uber's engineers could identify getting from point A to point B as fast as possible as the target metric, and the machine will find the fastest route. However, that outcome could result in the car causing many accidents along the way or driving in a way that makes all the passengers sick.
On the flip side, trying to optimize too many metrics at once can be cumbersome, and difficult to determine real value. Identifying a specific, well defined metrics can help organizations make consistent decisions and give teams a single target to work toward. Companies looking to deploy deep learning should keep the following best practices in mind to determine their key objectives:
1. Connect the objective to a business goal
The best objective is one that, when maximized, will have a direct impact on overall business goals. For example, Microsoft recently wanted to use machine learning to increase Bing's ad revenue. The company ran an experiment that increased ad relevance and decreased search accuracy–it literally made searches less effective for users. Ultimately, this increased the frequency of searches and people clicked through to more ads since their relative targeting had increased compared to the search results. While this did succeed in increasing the objective metric, this short-term revenue bump was offset with users abandoning the search engine. Businesses should identify what their business goals are – with the right prioritization – and tune their machine learning models to drive back to those goals.
Another potential pitfall is to tune towards academic metrics instead of business value. A fraud detection model could look great through the lens of AUC ROC or log loss (two mathematical ways to determine the accuracy of a classifier), but still misclassify a large number of high value transactions. A method that is 99% accurate may not be favorable if it misses the 1% of most costly fraud. These academic metrics are extremely useful in developing new methods and proving different aspects of algorithms, but the can be misaligned with actual business value. Blindly optimizing towards a goal without knowing the impact can lead you towards building a system that ends up costing you a lot of business value.
2. Avoid overfitting
Machine learning models also need to be trained and tuned to accurately hit their targets. However, if the model is over-optimized for training data, it won't perform well when new data is presented, rendering the model ineffective in practice. To ensure the models don't overshoot the target and can process new, unseen data, researchers and data scientists should apply techniques like cross validation and regularization to their models. This keeps the model from effectively "memorizing" the training data without actually discovering the underlying patterns in the problem. This ensures the model is correctly optimized and prevents overfitting of the model to the training data.
Another aspect of this is the concept of robustness. The model should be resilient to slight changes in the data or environment in which it operates. A model could work extremely good offline, but often simplifying or static assumptions made offline can cause you to build a model that quickly fails when faced with the real world. An example is when building deep learning systems in adversarial environments like algorithmic trading or advertising. Not only will the real world data be different than what you trained on (need to avoid overfitting), but also assumptions made about the environment will be constantly changing (the models you are trading or bidding against). A model built in isolation without taking these aspects into account can look good on paper, but quickly cause problems once deployed. An example is the trillion dollar flash crash of 2010 where cascading algorithmic decisions led to a massive market shift in less than an hour.
3. Always be iterating
As new data, frameworks, and applications become available there is an opportunity to constantly be updating what targets you are shooting for. Older techniques may have required you to define success with purely academic benchmarks, or only optimize towards a single objective. Additionally, as business needs shift you should always make sure that your models stay aligned with those objectives. Revenue may be the most important metric for a model at one point, but user retention or long term value might become more important as the business evolves. In deep learning accuracy may be the most important metric when standing up a proof of concept, but complexity, training time, and inference time may factor in when it is time to go to production.
My making sure you are always pointing at the right target and optimizing toward it you can ensure you're getting the most value from your deep learning investments, while also making sure the teams developing them are aligned as well. Since there are many steps between a specific model and explicit business value, outlining a clear success metric is essential to know whether or not the model is making progress. Optimizing deep learning measurement with a defined metric is not only valuable, but can also help organizations determine if they need to reevaluate business metrics at an even larger scale.
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Haley, Richard P. and Ni, W. and Adams, E. D. (1996) Melting curve of He-3 droplets in phase-separated He-3-He-4 mixtures. Czechoslovak Journal of Physics, 46 (Supppl). pp. 477-478. ISSN 0011-4626Full text not available from this repository.
The melting pressure of He-3 droplets, following phase separation of a mixture of 0.6% He-3 in He-4 confined in a silver sinter, has been studied in the temperature range 1-150 mK, below the phase-separation temperature T-ps. An elevation of the melting pressure relative to pure He-3 of up to 60 kPa was observed. Hysteresis between the freezing and melting temperatures was found, similar to that in pure He-3 in small pores.
|Journal or Publication Title:||Czechoslovak Journal of Physics|
|Uncontrolled Keywords:||PRESSURE ; SOLIDIFICATION ; HELIUM|
|Subjects:||Q Science > QC Physics|
|Departments:||Faculty of Science and Technology > Physics|
|Deposited By:||Dr Richard P. Haley|
|Deposited On:||04 Feb 2009 09:28|
|Last Modified:||05 Dec 2016 00:04|
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value from the Dead Band block will be equal to zero.
The output value of the Dead Band block is fed into the "Statism" block. The "Statism" block calculates the change in output power that must be imparted to the steam turbine. This calculation is a simple linear relationship. This linear relationship is typically established by the regulations on PFR for the local system. The linear relationship between frequency deviation and the corresponding change in required output power is known in the art as "Statism". Therefore, the "Statism" block outputs the value and sign of the required change in output power. According to the working principle of PFR, when the actual frequency is below the rated frequency, generators must produce extra output power; therefore the sign of the output signal from the "Statism" block is positive. On the other hand, when the actual frequency is above the rated frequency, generators must reduce their output power; therefore the sign of the output signal from the "Statism" block is negative.
The output signal from the "Statism" block is fed into the "PFR Action Limit" block. This block must determine whether the output signal from the "Statism" block, in absolute value, exceeds the value established by the "Maximum Contribution to PFR" operator. If the absolute value of the output of the "Statism" block does not exceed the value "Maximum contribution to PFR", then the output signal of the "PFR Action Limit" block will have the same value as its input. If the absolute value of the output of the "Statism" block exceeds the value "Maximum Contribution to PFR", then the output signal of the "PFR Action Limit" block will have the same value as "Maximum Contribution to PFR". The value of the output from the "PFR Action Limit" block will represent the change in output power that the steam turbine will undergo for the current frequency deviation.
The resulting value from "PFR Action Limit" is added to a "Steam Turbine Output Power Set Point". The value of the "Steam Turbine Output Power Set Point" results from a calculation made by the "Power SP Automatic Updating" block, which represents the value of the steam turbine output power for zero frequency deviation. The operation of the Power SP Automatic Updating" block is another innovation of the present method. Its function is explained below. The addition of the "PFR Action Limit" block and the "Steam Turbine Output Power Set Point" block is represented by block S2 in FIG. 4.
The resulting value from block S2 is then compared against the present value of the steam turbine output power, and the difference between both values is calculated. This subtraction operation in represented by block S3. The value resulting from such subtraction represents the steam turbine output power deviation from the desired value. This output power deviation is fed into a "PFR Controller" block, which basically consists of a controller known in the art as a closed loop controller with proportional plus integral action mode. Due to its operation principle, the controller will try to correct the output power deviation by calculating a correcting control output. Besides its proportional plus integral action mode, the "PFR Controller" incorporates a special structure, which constitutes another innovation of the present method. The special structure included in the "PFR Controller" is described below.
The correction value calculated by the "PFR Controller" is fed to a "Valve Characterization" block. Using the value of the correcting signal, which measures the deviation in output power, in this block the value of the valve position needed is calculated. The calculation simply consists of one input (the output power value) and one output (the aperture value of the control valves). This table is prepared from control data of the control valves, as given by their manufacturer.
The value resulting from the "Valve Characterization" block is added to the value previously calculated by the "PFR Reference Position". Such an addition is represented by block S4 in FIG. 4. The value resulting from the addition is termed the "High Pressure Valve Position Set Point". This value represents the desired aperture of the turbine control valves in order to supply PFR. This value is then transferred as a position set point value to the position controller of the control valves existing in any steam turbine. The controller must then take the valves to such position.
Finally, the "Frequency Set Point" is compared again with the current value of the frequency, and the difference between both values is calculated by the subtraction block represented by S1 in FIG. 4. Consequently, the process described above starts all over again.
The method of the invention makes use of the algorithms existing in the prior art to provide PFR in a generic turbine. However, the present method introduces several novel steps that provide PFR in a steam turbine at a combined cycle power generation plant.
The novel steps introduced by the present method are, namely, the "Power SP Automatic Updating" block and the "PFR Reference Position" block. Regarding the "PFR Controller" block, although its function is already known in the art, a new structure is incorporated that is essential for the proper operation of the present method. The above referenced blocks and their operation principles actually allow the execution of PFR in a combined cycle steam turbine in a way both efficient from the standpoint of the mains frequency control and from the standpoint of the plant operation. On the other hand, the use of the novel method allows for the continuous operation of the turbine in PFR mode, ensuring the stability of the steam process, and doing so without introducing any risk of emergency shutdowns due to the tripping of system protections.
The "PFR Reference Position" block contains the basic principle of the present method, which consists of the storage of energy. Besides producing the initial throttling of the control valves, this block is activated again when the output from the "Dead Band" block is equal to zero, that is to say when the mains frequency regulation does not need any action to be taken. In these cases the "PFR Reference Position" block checks that the current pressure differential across the steam turbine control valves is appropriate for the "Maximum Contribution to PFR" value established by the plant operator. In case any difference arises, the "PFR Reference Position" block corrects it by appropriately changing the output of its block. By controlling the steam pressure differential across the steam turbine control valves, the "PFR Reference Position" block guarantees that enough stored energy is available at any time to take care of sudden changes in required output power. On the other hand, the "PFR Reference Position" block contributes to the task of ensuring that the steam turbine output power will not be limited because of excessive valve throttling.
To avoid limitations in the steam turbine output power, or that an amount of output power is required from the turbine that it cannot deliver, the "Power SP Automatic Updating" block and the special structure built into the "PFR Controller" block are used to provide an appropriate "Steam Turbine Power Set Point" at any time. In other turbine types different from combined cycle steam turbines, the Power Set Point is a fixed value chosen at will by the plant operator.
The above-mentioned special structures of the present method have been designed to address the problems of combined cycle plants, where it is impossible to predict accurately the amount of output power available to the steam turbine, and also taking into account the potential instability derived from a wrong selection of the Power Set Point. The "Power SP Automatic Updating" operates as follows: when the output signal from the "Dead Band" block is equal to zero, the "Steam Turbine Power Set Point" block is caused to acquire the current value of the steam turbine output power. At the same time, the special structure built into the "PFR Controller" is activated, causing the output of the proportional plus integral controller, and, correspondingly, the output from the "PFR Controller", are equal to zero. Therefore, the "High Pressure Valve Position Set Point" takes the value of the output from the "PFR Reference Position" block, then the steam turbine control valves will acquire such position. Using this structure, when the output from the "Dead Band" block is equal to zero, the present method ceases to conduct an output power control on the steam turbine, allowing it to reach its natural value, and causing the "Steam Turbine Power Set Point" block to adopt such power value on a continuous basis, then ensuring an appropriate value for the "Steam Turbine Power Set Point" at any time.
|Cited Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US3913329 *||Oct 4, 1974||Oct 21, 1975||Gen Electric||Turbine overspeed control system|
|US3995440 *||Dec 24, 1975||Dec 7, 1976||Sun Oil Company Of Pennsylvania||Vapor control system|
|US4245162 *||Aug 15, 1973||Jan 13, 1981||Westinghouse Electric Corp.||Steam turbine power plant having improved testing method and system for turbine inlet valves associated with downstream inlet valves preferably having feedforward position managed control|
|US4393649 *||Aug 4, 1980||Jul 19, 1983||International Power Technology, Inc.||Steam output control system|
|US4471446 *||Jul 12, 1982||Sep 11, 1984||Westinghouse Electric Corp.||Control system and method for a steam turbine having a steam bypass arrangement|
|US4522025 *||Feb 21, 1984||Jun 11, 1985||Mtu||Apparatus for


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Posted 4 Dec 2006
Rendering an IHTMLElement to an Image File Using GDI+
, 4 Dec 2006
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Capture an HTML document as an image and save it.
A sample snap shot.
Introduction
I recently found an article called "Capture an HTML Document as an Image". I really liked the article. However, there are two things I didn't like about it. One thing I didn't like is the implementation of rendering the image to a file. The article offers a solution using a third party GDI wrapper class to handle the image rendering. I thought it would be cleaner to do the same thing via GDI+. The second thing I didn't like is that the article failed to show how the width and height of the snapshot is calculated. In fact, when I did my experimental implementation, I ran into this issue. I got an answer for this.
The biggest challenge I encountered is that I couldn't remember how to render an image to file using GDI+. The Image object can then use its method Save() to store its data into file. I went back to online research again. Two hours later, I found another article that discussed how to add a water mark on to an image, then save the image back to a file. This article is called "Creating a Watermarked Photograph with GDI+ for .NET". Combining the understanding of both articles, I was able to create a clean solution. I am ready to share this to everyone.
What is the Good Use of This Article
It depends on how you view the situation. I think the best use of this code is to take a snapshot of a webpage and store as an image for viewing later. This use can be applied to automated web testing, so that from time to time, the automated test can take snapshots of a web page for a tester to verify the automated test progress.
How the Design Works
Whenever I write code, especially when I attempt to solve some complicated development problem, I would write the method that contains all the code that is needed to solve the problem, then re-factor the code into smaller blocks. The goal of re-factoring the code is so that the original code block might become objects that are loosely coupled and highly cohesive. No more wasting of time, let's go see the first implementation:
The Source Code of the First Implementation

void CMainFrame::OnBnClickedButtonSnapshot() { // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here _TCHAR BASED_CODE szFilter[] = _T("JPEG Files (*.jpg;*.jpeg)" ) _T("|*.jpg; *.jpeg|All Files (*.*)|*.*||"); CFileDialog dlg(FALSE, _T("*.jpg; *.jpeg"), _T(""), OFN_HIDEREADONLY | OFN_OVERWRITEPROMPT, szFilter, this, 0); if (dlg.DoModal() != IDOK) { return; } CString sFileName = dlg.GetPathName(); CHtmlView* pView = (CHtmlView*)this->GetActiveView(); // should use reinterpret_cast. CComPtr<IDispatch> spDisp(pView->GetHtmlDocument()); CComPtr<IHTMLDocument2> spDoc; if (FAILED(spDisp->QueryInterface(IID_IHTMLDocument2, (void**)&spDoc))) { AfxMessageBox(_T("Unable to get the HTML Document off the browser.")); return; } CComPtr<IHTMLElement> spBody; if (FAILED(spDoc->get_body(&spBody))) { AfxMessageBox(_T("Unable to get the body of the HTML Document.")); return; } CComPtr<IHTMLElementRender> spElemRender; if (FAILED(spBody->QueryInterface(IID_IHTMLElementRender, (void**)&spElemRender))) { AfxMessageBox(_T("Unable to create render of the body element.")); return; } long cx=0, cy=0; spBody->get_offsetWidth(&cx); spBody->get_offsetHeight(&cy); Bitmap myBmp(cx, cy); Graphics g(&myBmp); HDC mydc = g.GetHDC(); if (mydc != NULL) { spElemRender->DrawToDC(mydc); g.ReleaseHDC(mydc); } CLSID jpegClsid; GetEncoderClsid(_T("image/jpeg"), &jpegClsid); myBmp.Save((LPCTSTR)sFileName, &jpegClsid, NULL); }
Additional Functions Used
I also used a function called GetEncoderClsid(). This function is home brewed. I got it from MSDN. Here is what it looks like:
int GetEncoderClsid(const WCHAR* format, CLSID* pClsid) { UINT num = 0; // number of image encoders UINT size = 0; // size of the image encoder array in bytes ImageCodecInfo* pImageCodecInfo = NULL; GetImageEncodersSize(&num, &size); if(size == 0) return -1; // Failure pImageCodecInfo = (ImageCodecInfo*)(malloc(size)); if(pImageCodecInfo == NULL) return -1; // Failure GetImageEncoders(num, size, pImageCodecInfo); for(UINT j = 0; j < num; ++j) { if( wcscmp(pImageCodecInfo[j].MimeType, format) == 0 ) { *pClsid = pImageCodecInfo[j].Clsid; free(pImageCodecInfo); return j; // Success } } free(pImageCodecInfo); return -1; // Failure }
Code Walkthrough
After I read the two articles I found (listed in the "Introduction"), I did some trial-and-error type of coding. They were really bad code. I am not going to show them here since they are lost to oblivion (they are replaced by the first iteration of implementation). In the end, I figured out how the whole process works. Here is how it works:
 1. Use the CHTMLView in the MFC project. This helps us to get access to the web page.
 2. Do some COM related operations to get the reference to the IHTMLElement of the entire web page. I will explain how this will be done later, if you have not figured out this already.
 3. Get a reference to the IHTMLelementRender of the entire web page as an IHTMLElement object.
 4. Initialize GDI+.
 5. Create a GDI+ Bitmap object. This object should have the size of the web page. When it is created, the Bitmap has nothing on it. If you save it, you will see that it is a bitmap filled with black color.
 6. Create a GDI+ Graphics object. When you do the creation, you could pass in the address of the Bitmap object into the constructor of the Graphics object. What this does is to associate the Bitmap object with the Graphics object. I will explain this more later.
 7. Get the direct access of the device context of the Graphics object. This is done by calling the GetDC() method of the Graphics object.
 8. On the device context, use the IHTMLelementRender object's DrawToDC() method to render the HTML element to the device context.
 9. The program releases the device context; the drawing is completed.
 10. Finally, use the Bitmap object's Save() method to save the drawing to the file. The operation is completed.
Note that all the methods from the classes of GDI+ uses wide characters. In the sample code above, I used _T("string value"). Basically, what I have done is set my project to UNICODE rather than multi-bytes. This forces the compiler and linker to use wide characters for my application instead of using multi-byte characters.
Why Associate the Bitmap with the Graphics Object
I


text:
Communities: Health Decision Support Tools
Policy Options to Encourage Patient-Physician Shared Decision Making
By Ann S. O'Malley, Emily R. Carrier, Elizabeth Docteur, Alison C. Shmerling and Eugene C. Rich
Major discrepancies exist between patient preferences and the medical care they receive for many common conditions. Shared decision making (SDM) is a process where a patient and clinician faced with more than one medically acceptable treatment option jointly decide which option is best based on current evidence and the patient's needs, preferences and values.
Many believe shared decision making can help bridge the gap between the care patients want and the care they receive. At the same time, SDM may help constrain heath care spending by avoiding treatments that patients don't want.
However, barriers exist to wider use of shared decision making, including lack of reimbursement for physicians to adopt SDM under the existing fee-for-service payment system that rewards higher service volume; insufficient information on how best to train clinicians to weigh evidence and discuss treatment options for preference-sensitive conditions with patients; and clinician concerns about malpractice liability. Moreover, challenges to engaging some patients in shared decision making range from low health literacy to fears they will be denied needed care. Adding to these challenges is a climate of political hyperbole that stifles discussion about shared decision making, particularly when applied to difficult end-of-life-care decisions.
The 2010 health reform law established a process to encourage shared decision making, including setting standards for patient-decision aids (PDAs) and certification of these tools by an independent entity.
However, Congress has not appropriated funding for these tasks. Along with ensuring the scientific rigor and quality of patient-decision aids, liability protections and additional payments for clinicians are other policy options that may foster shared decision making.
In the longer term, including SDM as an important feature of delivery system and payment reforms, such as patient-centered medical homes, accountable care organizations and meaningful use of health information technology, also could help advance health system changes to improve care and contain costs.
Click here to download the full study (.pdf).
Note: This article originally appeared on _URL_ and is compliments of the National Institute for Health Care Reform.
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