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Author(s): Erik Bollaert; Anton Schleiss
Keywords: Rock scour; state-of-the-art; transient pressure waves; future research
Abstract: This paper presents the state-of-the-art on methods to estimate rock scour due to the impingement of plunging high velocity water jets. The following topics are addressed: empirical formulae, semi-empirical and analytical approaches, determination of extreme pressure fluctuations at plunge pool bottoms and, finally, the transfer of these pressure fluctuations in joints underneath concrete slabs or rock blocks. Available methods on rock scour have been thoroughly investigated on their ability to represent the main physical-mechanical processes that govern scour. This reveals lack of knowledge on turbulence and aeration effects, as well as on transient pressure flow conditions in rock joints. These aspects may significantly influence the destruction of the rock mass and should be accounted for in scour evaluation methods. Their relevance has been experimentally investigated by dynamic pressure measurements at modeled plunge pool bottoms and inside underlying one-and two-dimensional rock joints. Test results are described and discussed in Part II of this paper.


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By CLARKE CANFIELD
PORTLAND, Maine (AP) - A fast-growing, fast-spreading Asian seaweed that's crowded out native species, fouled beaches and made a mess of lobster traps in Massachusetts has spread north to Maine and south to New York.
First discovered in the U.S. on a Rhode Island beach three years ago, the seaweed doesn't pose a public health threat but can create a stinky muddle as it did earlier this year when it washed onto beaches in Massachusetts. The plant gives off a putrid odor when it dries and decays.
The red seaweed has been sighted in Connecticut and New Hampshire, and also was seen this summer in Cape Elizabeth along the Maine shore.
Northeastern University biologist Matt Bracken says he wouldn't be surprised if the plant has already made its way to Canada.
Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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The Base Module (BM) card is inserted in the first slot (left-most slot) of the chassis. Its main feature is to control the power moding circuitry that drives the power bus.
The board also has the following capabilities :
- Monitoring and control of the operating power provided to all modules
- Monitoring of serial interfaces, in order to analyze the connection of serial tools to the ECU
- Output of a trigger signal based on the model synchronization signal or the engine position, in order to facilitate the capture of waveforms synchronized with the model execution
- Identification of the whole set of cables connected to the simulator
Only one BM card can be installed in one OP6000V2 chassis.
The board also supports the following features, which are common to all OP6200 I/O boards :
- Activity and status LEDs
- Battery voltage compatibility
- Cable Identification
- Firmware Update
- Module information
- Over-temperature detection

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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An algorithm for processing a diffractogram of an electron image input by an on-line system has been improved, with the aid of projection theory, so as to achieve real time operation. This algorithm can, therefore, automatically focus in scanning electron microscope, and correct for the astigmatic aberration of both transmission and scanning electron microscopes by analyzing the spectrum computed from the diffractogram. Experimental results show that this algorithm is effective for detecting the amount of defocus and astigmatism in both transmission and scanning electron microscopes.
Baba, Norio; Oho, Eisaku; and Kanaya, Koichi
"An Algorithm for On-Line Digital Image Processing for Assisting Automatic Focusing and Astigmatism Correction in Electron Microscopy,"
Scanning Microscopy: Vol. 1
, Article 4.
Available at: _URL_


Megan, Epping tutor in
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I'm just about to graduate from the university of Sydney with an honours level bachelors degree in animal and veterinary bioscience. I am Passionate about science and English. I have always been an avid reader and enjoy exploring ideas and concepts through literature. I completed my high school certificate in 2015 completing both HSC advanced english and biology.
How I'd Tutor You
1. I explore and ensure students understand the fundamental concepts of the unit (i.e. the fundamental concepts of biology or the basic concepts of the area of study in English) 2. I address the dot points of the syllabus ensuring each is understood and in connection with the overarching aims of the unit of study 3. I explore exam techniques and study tools i.e. how to construct essays in English and different methods of study science such as through the use of flash card, notes and past exams
A little bit more about me
I am extremely passionate about science and literature. I love learning and plan to embark on a masters degree of PhD next year. I am a kind and patient person and love sharing my knowledge about science and English.


text:
Canada's climate can be challenging for maize (corn) production due to its relatively short growing season and cooler temperatures. While maize is a staple crop in many parts of the world with warm and temperate climates, its successful cultivation in
Here are ten popular purple flowers commonly found in gardens and landscapes across the United States. Purple flowers are often admired for their vibrant and eye-catching color. Keep in mind that flower popularity can vary by region and over time.
There are several plant names that begin with the letter "Z." Here are some examples: These are just a few examples of plant names that begin with the letter "Z." While some of them are commonly known and cultivated, others
Growing raspberries in Dubai can be challenging due to the hot and arid desert climate. Raspberries are generally adapted to cooler and more temperate climates, and the extreme heat and low humidity in Dubai can make it difficult for raspberries
There are several flowers that begin with the letter "T." Here are a few examples: These are just a few examples of flower names starting with "T." There are many more flower species and varieties that begin with this letter.
What is a large leafed plant that starts with B? One large leafed plant that starts with the letter "B" is the "Banana Plant" (Musa). Bananas are tropical plants that feature large, broad leaves that create a lush and tropical


1. To speak softly, or under the breath, so as to be heard only by one near at hand; to utter words without sonant breath; to talk without that vibration in the larynx which gives sonorous, or vocal, sound. See Whisper.
2. To make a low, sibilant sound or noise. The hollow, whispering breeze. (Thomson)
3. To speak with suspicion, or timorous caution; to converse in whispers, as in secret plotting. All that hate me whisper together against me. (Ps. Xli. 7)
Origin: AS. Hwisprian; akin to G. Wispern, wispeln, OHG. Hwispaln, Icel. Hviskra, Sw. Hviska, Dan. Hviske; of imitative origin. Cf. Whistle.
1. To utter in a low and nonvocal tone; to say under the breath; hence, to mention privately and confidentially, or in a whisper. They might buzz and whisper it one to another. (Bentley)
2. To address in a whisper, or low voice. And whisper one another in the ear. (Shak) Where gentlest breezes whisper souls distressed. (Keble)
3. To prompt secretly or cautiously; to inform privately. He came to whisper Wolsey.
1. A low, soft, sibilant voice or utterance, which can be heard only by those near at hand; voice or utterance that employs only breath sound without tone, friction against the edges of the vocal cords and arytenoid cartilages taking the place of the vibration of the cords that produces tone; sometimes, in a limited sense, the sound produced by such friction as distinguished from breath sound made by friction against parts of the mouth. See Voice, 2, and guide to Pronunciation, 5, 153. The inward voice or whisper can not give a tone. (bacon) Soft whispers through the assembly went. (Dryden)
2. A cautious or timorous speech.
3. Something communicated in secret or by whispering; a suggestion or insinuation.
4. A low, sibilant sound. The whispers of the leaves.
This page was last modified on 3 October 2005, at 21:16. This page has been accessed 2,136 times.
What links here | Related changes | Permanent link


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Issue Brief: Citizen Security
This Issue Brief addresses the topic of Citizen Security— the process of establishing, strengthening and protecting democratic civic order, eliminating threats of violence in a population and allowing for safe and peaceful coexistence— and how UNDP does it. UNDP's approach to citizen and community security attempts to tackle all of the potential causes of crime and violence. This multifaceted approach helps countries to integrate violence prevention and crime control measures; targeting a broad range of issues, such as lack of social cohesion, impunity, drug trafficking, the proliferation of illegal firearms, human trafficking and migration.
UNDP targets all levels of government; supporting the development of national policies; strengthening local and state institutions; helping the government to better coordinate security; improving the capacity of police to prevent violence; and training judges and court officials. Importantly, UNDP works with communities to understand their perceptions of the security challenges and takes practical action to address these, such as by imposing gun-free zones, keeping young people occupied and off the streets, improving job opportunities or simply fixing street lights to help reduce violence.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Sun GlassFish Enterprise Server v2.1.1 High Availability Administration Guide
Using Configurations
There are three ways in which clusters or instances use configurations:
The default-config Configuration
For more information, see:
Configurations Created when Creating Instances or Clusters
When creating a new server instance or a new cluster, either:
By default, new clusters or instances are created with configurations copied from the default-config configuration. To copy from a different configuration, specify it when creating a new instance or cluster.
For a server instance, the new configuration is named instance_name-config. For a cluster, the new configuration is named cluster-name -config.
For more information, see:
Clustered Configuration Synchronization
When you create a clustered configuration, Enterprise Server creates a cluster configuration directory on the domain administration server at domain-root/domain-dir/config/cluster-config. This directory is used to synchronize configurations for all instances in the cluster.
Unique Port Numbers and Configurations
If multiple instances on the same host machine reference the same configuration, each instance must listen on a unique port number. For example, if two server instances reference a named configuration with an HTTP/SIP listener on port 80, a port conflict prevents one of the server instances from starting. Change the properties that define the port numbers on which individual server instances listen so that unique ports are used.
The following principles apply to port numbers:


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To make the walls appear randomly, we'll first need to import the random module.
Next, we'll choose a random number. The range is up to you, but I'm going with 0 to 100.
...and we'll draw the wall only if the random number meets a certain condition, for example, if it is less than 50.
for x in range(16): for y in range(10): if random.randint(0, 100) < 50: wall = Actor('wall') wall.x = x * 50 + 25 wall.y = y * 50 + 25 + 50 walls.append(wall)
Since the wall pieces are drawn randomly, your screen may not look the same as mine.


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4 Dice Helps Students Learn to Add, Subtract, Multiply, and Divide Fractions
4 Dice is an iPad app designed to help students learn to add, subtract, multiply, and divide fractions. The app was developed by the same people that built the popular 5 Dice app that helps students learn the order of operations.
In 4 Dice students are shown a fraction and they have to drag four dice into position to complete the arithmetic that will result in the fraction that they were shown. It's kind of like the Jeopardy concept applied to fractions mathematics. There are five modes in 4 Dice. There are the addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division modes as well as a challenge mode that randomized the problems. At any point in a series of problems students can pause and use the whiteboard to work out possible solutions to a problem.
4 Dice does ask for an email address, but doesn't ask users to confirm that email address. If your students don't have email addresses you can use the Gmail+1 trick to create dummy addresses for them that you can monitor.
4 Dice costs $0.99. This app is appropriate for elementary and middle school students.


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The Order of Canada was established in 1967 as part of Canada's centennial celebration. It was to be a native equivalent of the various British orders of merit, in particular the Order of the British Empire. If you're interested, see my friend Chris McCreery's book for more.
The motto of the Order of Canada is "Desiderantes Meliorem Patriam," that is, "They desire a better country." If you're in the Order at any level, and you've got a coat of arms, you can insert a circlet bearing this motto around your shield. This is a British tradition: motto-circlets were invented so that members of other orders (e.g. the Order of the Bath, the Order of St. Michael and St. George, the Royal Victorian Order, etc.) could have something to put around their shields parallel to the Garter, the device of the oldest and most prestigious order of all; Canada continued this tradition, especially after the establishment of the Canadian Heraldic Authority in 1988. From Wikipedia, two illustrations of this phenomenon:
Now, I'm all for tradition! And I'm happy for the existence of the Order of Canada, the CHA, and the heraldic motto-circlet. But the other day in church something caught my attention: a reading from Hebrews 11 (verse 16):
But now they desire a better country, that is, an heavenly: wherefore God is not ashamed to be called their God: for he hath prepared for them a city.
So, I wondered as I sat there, is this where the motto of the Order of Canada comes from? (Just as the motto of the country itself, "A Mari Usque Ad Mare," comes from Psalm 72.) Alas, no: here is verse 16 from the Vulgate:
nunc autem meliorem appetunt id est caelestem ideo non confunditur Deus vocari Deus eorum paravit enim illis civitatem
"Meliorem" picks up on "patriam" from two verses earlier, but look at the verb: appeto -ere, meaning "to make for, grasp at, seek, (of places) to make for or go to," not desidero -are, which means "to long for what is absent or lost, to wish for; to miss, find a lack of." I guess the word "desiderata" (things desired) also fits in this sense, because you don't have those things yet. So members of the Order are desiring a country that doesn't yet exist, or once existed but does not anymore? Surely this is not what the government wants to imply! Should we therefore introduce a resolution to the House of Commons changing the Order's motto to "Appetentes meliorem patriam," implying that members are seeking a better country, even though the one they have is still pretty good – and also making the motto congruent with a biblical source?
I have enough experience with making these sorts of suggestions to know what the answer would be… still, one can always dream….


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Strategies for Controlling and Removing Trace Organic Compounds Found in Potable Water Supplies at Fixed Army Installations
OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS (ARMY)WASHINGTON DC
Pagination or Media Count:
This report documents research to inform fixed Army installations about 1 the type and characteristics of trace organic compounds that may be found in drinking water, 2 existing and proposed drinking water standards for trace organic compounds, 3 analytical techniques for measuring organic contaminants in water, and 4 treatment processes andor operational modifications for formulating a cost-effective strategy to control or remove organic contaminants from potable water. The sources, types, characteristics, and significance of organic compounds likely to be found in drinking water were reviewed. Current and proposed standards for organic compounds in drinking water and compounds being considered for regulation were studied, as were analytical techniques to isolate, resolve and identify, and quantify these compounds. Operational modifications for controlling the formation of organics, particularly trihalomethanes, also were reviewed. Treatment techniques for removing synthetic trace organic compounds were identified. Case studies, cost data, and design guidance were consulted to help select a cost-effective way to provide safe potable water on fixed Army installations.
- Organic Chemistry
- Civil Engineering


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New publication on three-dimensional light field imaging
New publication on three-dimensional light field imaging of the human retina and depth measurement of the optic disc.
In the publication "3D retinal imaging and measurement using light field technology" we established for the first time a three-dimensional imaging of the ocular fundus without the use of laser technologies. Light-field fundus photography has the potential to be a new milestone in ophthalmology. Up-to-date publications show only unsatisfactory image quality, preventing the use of depth measurements. We show that good image quality and, consequently, reliable depth measurements are possible, and we investigate the current challenges of this novel technology. The measurement of the depth of the optic nerve head is in good agreement with both model measurements and established optical coherence tomography (OCT). Thus, the new technology can be a contribution to early diagnosis of e.g. glaucoma.
Stefan Schramm, Alexander Dietzel, Dietmar Link, Maren-Christina Blum, Sascha Klee:
"3D retinal imaging and measurement using light field technology," J. Biomed. Opt. 26(12), 126002 (2021).
Contact: Dr. Stefan Schramm
Jun.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sascha Klee


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The total number of children in care in England has increased by 12%, at a total cost of £3.4bn.
On March 31, 2013, there were 68110 children who had been victims of abuse or neglect, in care. According to data from the Audit Commission, this figure had increased by 12% or 7210 during the preceding four years.
The care of these vulnerable young people, who are representative of 0.6% of all those aged under-18 in England, cost councils around £3.4bn during 2012/2013. In spite of the 12% increase, the costs for councils increased 4% nationally, however, the regional variances went from a 15% increase in the North East to a reduction of 7% in London.
The total foster care cost during 2012/2013 was £1.5bn.
According to an Audit Commission study which assessed council foster care costs and what impact the increase in numbers of children has had on council spending discovered that 21 councils spent below £40000 per child during 2012/2013, whilst 32 councils spent in excess of £60000 per child.
The amounts spent on services for the children increased by £1.4bn or 69% in real terms between the 2000/2001 and 2012/2013.
During 2012/2013, it accounted for about 64% of all care provided.
The use of foster care by councils increased by 20% between 2008/2009 and 2012/2013. More than 67% of this additional care was provided by foster care agencies in both the voluntary and private sectors.
Although the costs of agency foster care is often more expensive than that provided by councils, it reduced by 15% for this period.
The chairman of the Audit Commission, Jeremy Newman, said that there is no question that councils have to place children in environments that meet their individual requirements and offer high quality, cost effective care. He said the pressure to reduce costs and improve results places a challenge on councils to obtain the most value from the amount of £137 average which is spent daily, or £50000 annually to look after each child they care for.
He added that to meet the complexities of this group's needs, spending could be five times more than what it costs to bring up a child with no need for council support.
Image Credit: Paul A. Hernandez


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Cut out a circle about the size of a paper plate from a sheet of brown construction paper.
Write a very common word on the brown paper that your students may overuse, such as good, nice, said, run, etc.
Help your students brainstorm synonyms for the chosen word and write their ideas on yellow Post-it® Super Sticky Notes. Then, tape the brown circle to the wall or the side of your desk and post your student's ideas around the brown circle.
You have created a Synonym Sunflower!


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shown in other instead.
Unigine Integration into SDL Application
This article describes the sample located in the /source/samples/App/GLAppSDL/ folder.
The sample demonstrates how to embed Unigine into an SDL-based application, namely:
- Create a simple SDL-based application
- Integrate Unigine into the application
- Initialize the OpenGL mode
In this sample, the engine controls the main loop by itself: the doUpdate(), doRender() and doSwap() functions are overridden and call the update(), render() and swap() functions respectively.
To run the sample, you should perform the following:
- Download development libraries from the SDL website.
Only SDL version 1.2 is supported.
- Extract the downloaded compressed folder and place it into the sample folder.
- Change the path to the SDL.h header file in the GLAppSDL.cpp if necessary. For example:
_TAG_ "SDL/include/SDL.h"By default, the SDL/SDL.h path is used.
- Prepare the development environment (according to the operating system used).
- Specify paths to the SDL/include/ and SDL/lib/x86 (or SDL/lib/x64) folders in your IDE.
- Rebuild the sample (see how to rebuild a sample application in Windows or Linux)
- Run the main.py script from the sample folder.


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Intro: Purple Light(BLACK LIGHT)
Quick & Cheap experiment
It is also called UV light
Step 1: Things Needed Are 3.
1.Flash light (cell phones flash light also can be used)
2.Transperant and write able TAPE
3. 2 markers (voilet and blue)
Step 2: Final Step
1. Take a piece of tape cover it on flash light,colour the tape with blue marker
2. Again do the same process on it, of blue marker
3. Take another piece of tape cover it on flash light,colour the tape with voilet marker
4. Apply the last layer of tape
Step 3: Try It..!!!!!
CHECK YOUR TOILET'S,MATTRESS,
PLEASE LIKE IT????


Mango Fat Content
Mango Fat Content
Find informative articles on Mango Fat Content, related to health. Stay updated with the latest and most comprehensive information related to Mango Fat Content.
Are Fruits and Vegetables Fattening?
After repeatedly being told to stay away from sweets as they are fattening and can cause a lot of health problems, our brains have been programmed to think that anything sweet is fattening and bad for health. The big dilemma arises when we see fruits which are supposed to be good for health but then...Read More
Do Mangoes Make You Gain Weight?
Mango like any fruit is a storehouse of essential nutrients. Consuming seasonal fruits has long been associated with a reduced risk of many lifestyle-related health conditions. But like all things too much of anything can reverse its benefits. Eating a single mango is great for health but eating too many can lead to weight gain. Nutritional...Read More


© ebm-papst
The formula for the overall efficiency of turbocompressors
The higher the overall efficiency of a turbo compressor, the less electrical energy it needs to do the same work, but the efficiency of each individual component is crucial.
Ahmet Çokşen, Group Leader Product Management (Photo | ebm-papst)
If you want to save money and energy with your fans, motors, and turbo compressors, efficiency – or η – is probably the most important indicator. After all, it shows how efficiently machines can convert power input into useful power output. If efficiency is high, a large proportion of power input gets to where it is supposed to go. If, on the other hand, it is low, power is mainly lost as waste heat.
The efficiency referred to in this attractive formula is the overall efficiency ηoverall of an oil-free turbo compressor. It is the mathematical product of many other efficiencies, namely of each individual component that delivers power when compressing refrigerants and other gases.
This includes upstream power electronics (ηPowerElectronics), which control and transmit the electric current to the motor, as well as the motor (ηMotor), which converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy. The efficiency of the oil-free gas bearings (ηGasBearing) is also important. This is because it provides information on how smoothly the rotor is running, in terms of power loss and wear, with the compressor impeller in the bearing, in order to rotate at up to 300,000 revolutions per minute and compress gases efficiently.
The last piece of the puzzle for calculating the overall efficiency of a compressor is the efficiency of the compressor stage with the compressor impeller (PAerodynamics). Compared with the other components, this formula breaks down exactly how this efficiency is made up. First, the ideal power consumption of the compressor stage (PAero,isen) – i.e. the power that the stage could provide if there were no losses.
This compressor map for the refrigerant propane (R290) shows the overall efficiency of a compressor, with red representing high efficiency, and blue low efficiency. The diagram shows the speeds (black lines), pressure ratios (Y-axis) and refrigerant flow rates per second (X-axis) at which the compressor works most efficiently. (Photo | ebm-papst)
Second, the actual power consumption (PAero) and the power loss due to leakage (PLeakage). The ratio of the ideal power to the power actually used, including leakage, is then used to describe the efficiency of the compressor stage. Finally, the efficiencies of all the components can be multiplied together. The result is the overall efficiency of the turbo compressor: a value between 0 and 1. A result of 0.7 means that the turbo compressor uses 70 percent of the power used to compress gases.
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Meet Bernie Dodge:
The Frank Lloyd Wright
Of Learning Environments
Why were WebQuests developed? Why should teachers use them? What does the future hold for educational technology? WebQuest creator Bernie Dodge answers those questions and more.
Bernie Dodge, a professor of educational technology at San Diego State University, has been cited by eSchool News as one of the nation's top 30 educational technology innovators. Probably best known as the creator of the WebQuest model for technology integration, Dodge is also the author of a number of educational software packages for children and technology tools for educators.
This week, Dodge shares with Education World readers his thoughts about WebQuests -- and about the future of educational technology.
Education World: What drew you to the field of educational technology -- at a time when it wasn't even a field yet?
Bernie Dodge: Hey... My hair has more salt than pepper, but I'm not that old! Ed Tech as a field has been around in some form since the 1960s -- or even earlier. I was drawn to it because it seemed like a perfect blend of my backgrounds in engineering and teaching. My first job after teaching math in the Peace Corps was at my alma mater, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, helping faculty develop innovative off-campus learning projects. As part of that experience, I thought about getting into educational television production. I liked the idea of being both planful and creative about helping people learn. That drew me to the instructional technology doctoral program at Syracuse University. I dropped my Sesame Street career goal quickly when I saw the bigger picture of becoming an architect of learning environments, and that led directly to my job on the faculty at San Diego State University.
EW: Would you describe briefly how and why you developed the WebQuest model? Did you start with a goal? a need? an inspiration?
Dodge: It started with a course I was teaching for second-semester student teachers. I wanted them to learn about an educational simulation called Archaeotype, but I didn't have a copy of the software or the means to show it. So instead, I put together an experience in which they worked in groups attacking a pile of different information sources about Archaeotype that I had lined up: a few pages of an evaluation report on the project, a few Web sites that described the software and the constructivist philosophy behind it, a virtual chat with one of the developers in New York, and a room-based videoconference with a teacher who had tested the program. The task was to divvy up these sources, integrate the information, and decide whether, and how, the Archaeotype program could be used at the inner-city school at which they were student teaching.
EW: Was the lesson successful?
Dodge: It was great! Having done my part ahead of time by organizing the resources, I had to speak very little during the two hours they worked on it. I enjoyed walking around and helping where necessary and listening to the buzz of conversations as students pooled their notes and tried to come to a decision. The things they were talking about were much deeper and more multifaceted than I had ever heard from them. That evening I realized that this was a different way to teach -- and that I loved it!
EW: How long did it take you to develop the WebQuest format?
Dodge: A few weeks later -- pretty much all in one sitting -- I put together a template, set up in the same way I had done the Archaeotype lesson: introduce the situation, list some information resources, give them a task that required grappling with the information, lay out the steps on what to do with the information, and then bring it to a conclusion. I used a search engine to look around for various names to give this way of teaching and soon settled on "WebQuest." At that time (February 1995), there were no pages with that word to be found. My students used my template to create their own interdisciplinary lessons. I wrote Some Thoughts About WebQuests, an article for a distance education newsletter, and suddenly the idea began to catch on. That is how it all began.
EW: In the Overview section of The WebQuest Page, you define a WebQuest as "an inquiry-oriented activity in which some or all of the information that learners interact with comes from resources on the Internet." Based on that definition, can't many other online activities, including Treasure Hunts and Subject Samplers, also be classified as WebQuests?
Dodge: I have to say that I'm not a big fan of Treasure Hunts or Subject Samplers, because sometimes I put myself in the shoes of some cantankerous school board member peeking into a lab and seeing what goes on there. It isn't easy to justify the expense of all that hardware, training, and infrastructure when most of what the kids are doing is merely reading pages on a screen and answering low-level questions about them.
EW: What elements or features do you see as distinguishing WebQuests from other Web-based activities?
Dodge: The key idea that distinguishes WebQuests from other Web-based experiences is this: A WebQuest is built around an engaging and doable task that elicits higher order thinking of some kind. It's about doing something with information. The thinking can be creative or critical, and involve problem solving, judgment, analysis, or synthesis. The task has to be more than simply answering questions or regurgitating what's on the screen. Ideally, the task is a scaled down version of something that adults do on the job, outside school walls.
Bernie Dodge, WebQuest creator, on his first WebQuest lesson:
EW: It's been said that teachers will integrate technology into the curriculum only if they can see how it will benefit themselves and their students. How do WebQuests benefit students?
Dodge: There are lots of worthwhile things to do with the Web in schools, and WebQuests are just one possibility. WebQuests lend themselves particularly well to topics that require higher-level thinking and tasks with many possible end results. Other forms of interactive lessons are applicable to other parts of the curriculum. The benefit to using WebQuests, once you have identified the right place to try one, is that it puts more responsibility on the learners themselves. That's a key benefit to the learners, because ideally they'll be getting some scaffolded practice at making sense of new information, parsing data that comes from something other than a textbook, accommodating the opinions of others, and organizing themselves and each other to produce something to be proud of.
EW: How do WebQuests benefit teachers?
Dodge: All teachers want to see that kind of student growth, so the benefit to them is seeing the center of gravity of the room move to where the kids are. If you've done the work of preparing a good WebQuest ahead of time (or selecting one made by someone else), you have a more gratifying day, by working with individuals and small groups as a coach rather than having to keep all those eyes on you as the only source of data in the room. Of course, as with all constructivist teaching, there may well be a mismatch between what's learned in a WebQuest and what's measured on standardized tests. Talented teachers are finding ways to hit both targets -- but it's not easy.
EW: What knowledge and/or skills does a teacher need to create a WebQuest?
Dodge: Several things are needed: some technical, some pedagogical. First, teachers need to be able to create Web pages, which is a useful skill to have anyway -- and one that gets easier every year. Second, teachers need to know where to find things on the Web, so getting deeply familiar with a good search engine like Google is a must. The rest has more to do with being a good teacher. Crafting an engaging assignment is something seasoned teachers can do in their sleep, and it's a critical part of designing a successful WebQuest. Finding a task that forces thinking about content is at the heart of the WebQuest. Without that, it's just another Web page. Finally, even though roles are not absolutely essential in a WebQuest, I find that it helps if teachers have more than superficial knowledge about cooperative learning strategies. Creating situations that force students to depend on one another is one of those things that distinguish great WebQuests from merely good ones.
EW: Is there a tool available to help teachers evaluate the WebQuests they create or use or to help administrators and parents evaluate the WebQuests students are involved in?
Dodge: Rubrics are great for evaluating complex performances, and creating a WebQuest is certainly one of those. With the help of some excellent staff developers at San Diego Unified School District, I've put together A Rubric for Evaluating WebQuests. It allows teachers to assign a score to a given WebQuest and provides specific, formative feedback for the designer.
EW: What are your favorite WebQuests? What elements or features make them especially worthwhile and enjoyable?
Dodge: My list of favorites changes all the time. Let me focus on a few that are both exemplary and not overwhelming to teachers thinking about getting into WebQuest design.
At conferences I always show Cynthia Matzat's Radio Days because it's so elegantly simple. It draws kids into the 1930s and '40s by having them create a radio play complete with sound effects and ads. It makes great use of the Web by making all those old sound clips instantly available and provides the right balance of structure and freedom so that every team's production will be unique. Cynthia recently told me that the plays created by the kids are actually broadcast on their local radio station.
Also on my list of favorites is Hello Dolly, by Keith Nuthall. Keith steeps his students in several conflicting viewpoints on the topic of cloning and


Inner peace definition essay
From: Larry T.
Added: 05.04.2021
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Do you belong to that type of people who fear to speak on education topics in public? Then check our list of extemporaneous speech topics to get yourself started. What is an extemporaneous speech you may ask? The essence of this type of speech lies in answering the question in a school assignment or tournament in front of the audience. In comparison to impromptu speech that requires zero time for topic preparation, extemporaneous speaking does allow us to take some time and take notes before entering the stage.
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The meaning of spirituality has developed and expanded over time, and various connotations can be found alongside each other. The term was used within early Christianity to refer to a life oriented toward the Holy Spirit [6] and broadened during the Late Middle Ages to include mental aspects of life. Modern usages tend to refer to a subjective experience of a sacred dimension [9] and the "deepest values and meanings by which people live", [10] [11] often in a context separate from organized religious institutions, [12] such as a belief in a supernatural beyond the known and observable realm, [13] personal growth, [14] a quest for an ultimate or sacred meaning, [15] religious experience, [16] or an encounter with one's own "inner dimension". The term spirit means "animating or vital principle in man and animals".
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Fri, May 03, 2013
Successful Construction And Operation Of New Demonstration Plant Under $1.5 Million FAA Award Produces Drop-In Jet Fuel From 100% Renewable Plant Sugars
One hundred gallons of bio-based jet fuel has been delivered to the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) for testing purposes by bio-fuel producer Virent. Product testing will begin at Wright Patterson Air Force Base to validate Virent's jet fuel against the standards required for qualification and approval of new aviation turbine fuels established by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). The validation plan includes fit-for-purpose, fuel system and combustor rig testing.
"AFRL is looking forward to working with Virent and the FAA to evaluate the performance of this fuel," said Dr. Tim Edwards of the AFRL's Fuels and Energy Branch. "This larger sample will help generate the performance data needed to advance the technology toward engine and flight testing."
The jet fuel was produced at a new Virent demonstration plant built to produce drop-in jet and diesel fuels from 100% renewable plant sugars. The plant was constructed at the company's facility in Madison, Wisconsin under a $1.5 Million award received in 2011 from the FAA and U.S. Department of Transportation, through the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, and commissioned in January. It has the capacity to produce up to 5,000 total gallons of fuel per year. Design, engineering and construction were performed in-house by Virent employees. This is the second operating demonstration plant built by the Company. Its Madison facility also houses a 10,000 gallon per year system that is optimized to produce gasoline and aromatic chemicals.
"We are excited that Virent is able to effectively utilize FAA funding to deliver these gallons for testing, said Lourdes Maurice, Executive Director of the FAA's Office of Environment and Energy. The fuel will be used with our partners in the industry and government to progress testing of novel alternative jet fuels that can help meet FAA's environment and energy goals under the Next Generation Air Transportation System."
"The successful operation of our new distillate demonstration plant and the validation of Virent's plant-based jet fuel will advance our efforts to achieve ASTM-certified jet fuel and to prepare for commercial scaling," said Virent Co-Founder and Chief Technology Officer Dr. Randy Cortright. "In addition, we would like to thank the FAA, AFRL, and Royal Dutch Shell for participating on the project team and acting in advisory roles."
(Image of distillation plant provided by Virent)
Also: FAA Hiring Astray?, Comparison Shopping LSAs, Philippines Flying Limitations, Asteroid Redirect, Wings Of Mercy, Student Launch Challenge, Alaska Air In 2013, the State of Wa>[...]
Bad Weather Hammers Sulfur Springs Texas Airport And The Ladies Who Love Taildraggers Shut Down Their May 29-31 Fly-in Just in case you haven't been watching the news, the Mi>[...]
Lessons Learned From Transport Airplane Accidents This Lessons Learned From Transport Airplane Accidents library represents some of the most major accidents and their related lesso>[...]
A unit of distance used in aviation and marine navigation and marine forecasts.>[...]
"As a pilot, your first job is to fly your own airplane. Part of that job is to scan for other airplanes." Source: NTSB Chair Christopher Hart.>[...]


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I am a science fiction writer, looking for a method for constructing a realistic galactic map. I would like to know if it's possible to get the 3D density distribution of gas within a given Subhalo, such that (say, using volumetric fog) a 3D image of that galaxy could be constructed. Is it possible to compute this from data in the Illustris database?
The 3D gas density within galaxies/subhalos is, as you suspect, a direct output of the simulation. The form this data is in is somewhat complex - it could be considered a scattered/irregular point set. More accurately, it should (could) be interpreted as a Voronoi tessellation with the gas density and gradient (first derivative) defined within each control volume.
Making an image from this data is exactly what we've done in most of the movies (which show often gas temperature, or sometimes gas density). But with two differences to what you want: they are more zoomed out, showing many galaxies at once, and we typically neglect any fog/attenuation effects.
You could directly download, for a given subhalo, the gas Coordinates and Density fields, and with just these attempt some renders.
Let me know if I can help more.
Thanks for the reply.
I managed to identify those fields and am using them to place stars in my artificial galaxy.
I noticed that the gas density and coordinates data appears present only for the final snapshot of the simulation Illustris-1. I tried to grab the data for other snapshots (in the sub halo I'm using for my galaxy - 340843) and found it contained only the dark matter concentration. Is this intentional?
It is true that some subhalos will contain only e.g. dark matter.
But, subhalo ID 340843 at snapshots other than 135 has nothing to do with subhalo ID 340843 at snapshot 135 (z=0). To figure out what subhalo this guy originated from, you will need to follow the merger tree.
For example, looking at the sublink_progenitor field in the online API, the immediate prog (at snapshot 134) is 338003, which does indeed have gas, stars, etc.
I see. I'll have a look. So far the data has what I'm looking for. Thanks so much for your help and setting the simulation up.


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No matter how much you enjoyed high school or college basketball, there's something your coach probably never told you. Along with building mental and physical strength, basketball can help you understand how to manage and grow your money.
Entrepreneur and financial consultant David El Dib boils down the essential lessons basketball teaches you about life and making money. He is a Dubai-based speaker and financial leader who travels around the world, motivating and educating both investors and financial professionals.
When you play basketball, you learn that you have to rely on your teammates. No one person can play every position. For example, a shooting guard needs a point guard to pass them the ball so that they can score. Similarly, entrepreneurs need lenders to give them the resources to expand their business and financial consultants to help them make sound fiscal decisions.
So, play up to your strengths and delegate tasks as needed, just like you would on a sports team, says David El Dib.
In basketball, the most experienced player calls the play. When you let others call the play in business, you gain valuable insight. No one's an expert in everything. That's why it's important to know when a coach has the wisdom and perspective you need to take the next step in your financial journey.
Left-handed basketball players often have to make adjustments in this right-hand-dominated sport. In business, there are times when you want to go down a more difficult path as well. With the right team around you, you can often find niches your competitors haven't yet taken advantage of. However, this often requires you to make business changes to prepare for new opportunities. With the help of the right talent, you can zig-zag away from the current trends to pursue a lucrative opportunity.
No matter how much time you spend at practice, there's a chance that you can lose. More specifically, you might expect a play to go one way, and it goes the opposite direction. These are temporary setbacks. Whether or not you ultimately win or lose depends on how you play the entire game.
David El Dib encourages his followers to see setbacks and losses for what they really are in business as well as basketball. In order to succeed, you'll have to know how to rebound from these temporary losses and not let them define you or your company.
The same goes for temporary wins. Just because you've had a run of good luck doesn't mean that you should let your guard down. That's exactly when the competition will run in and steal the ball.
David El Dib, former a banker and financial consultant, is a huge fan of basketball. As a motivator and coach, he uses real-world analogies to help investors and other clients realize their short and long-term goals.


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REFERENCE LINKING PLATFORM OF KOREA S&T JOURNALS
> Journal Vol & Issue
Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources
Journal Basic Information
Journal DOI :
Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources
Editor in Chief :
Volume & Issues
Volume 20, Issue 4 - Dec 2000
Volume 20, Issue 3 - Sep 2000
Volume 20, Issue 2 - Jun 2000
Volume 20, Issue 1 - Mar 2000
Selecting the target year
Effects of the Dietary Boiled Eggs on the Antithrombotic Activity and Cholesterol Metabolism in Rats
Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources, volume 20, issue 1, 2000, Pages 1~7
The influence of the ditary containing boiled eggs on the plasma cholesterol level and antithrombotic activity in rats was studied. Rats were fed basal diet(0% boiled eggs) as a control group or diets containing 25% and 50% boiled eggs or a mixed diet with 95% boiled eggs plus 5%
-cellulose powder as a experimental groups for 30 days. The bleeding time and whole blood clotting time were significantly(P<0.05) increased by feeding diet containing 25% boiled eggs compared to groups of basal diet, 50% or 95% boiled eggs diets. The plasma clotting time was high in group of 25% boiled eggs diet. However, there were no difference in plasma clotting time among rats fed the dietary boiled eggs. The levels of plasma total cholesterol(TC) and low density plus very low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL, VLDL-C) were significantly(P<0.05) highest in group 95% boiled eggs diet compared to others. There were no differences in high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) among rats fed the dietary boiled eggs. The levels of plasma TC, HDL-C, LDL
VLDL-C and the ratios of HDL-C/TC were not significant among the basal diet, 25% and 50% boiled eggs diets. These results suggest that the intakes of the dietary boiled eggs have the antithrombotic activity and plasma cholesterol lowering effect.
Gelation Behavior of Ultra High Temperature Pasteurized Milk during Storage
Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources, volume 20, issue 1, 2000, Pages 8~14
In order to examine physicochemical gelation behavior of ultra high temperature(UHT) pasteurized milk during storage at 4
, pH, electrophoresis, alcohol test, sialic acid contents and free amino groups contents were biweekly determined. The pH of UHT pasteurized milk decreased with increasing storage time. Gelation of the UHT milk occured faster at 25
than at 4
with larger decreasing rate of pH. The alcohol test showed positive results at lower pH than 6.5, which could indicate the casein instability and beginning of gelation. The electrophoretic patterns showed a decrease in the concentrations of all caseins. Degradation of k-casein was faster in all cases, while
-casein were also extensively degraded later. The sialic acid contents of the samples increased gradually during storage, and the increasing rate was higher before gel formation. The free amino groups of the samples increased gradually during storage. The increasing rate of free amino groups was faster at 25
than at 4
. The samples stored at 25
gelled earlier than those stored at 25
, with corresponding increase of free amino groups. The residual proteolytic enzymes, which survived during the UHT heat treatments and were reactivated during storage, could be responsible for UHT pasteurized milk gelation during storage. It is assumed that proteolytic degradation of caseins followed by aggregation would be attributable to complicated reaction mechanism.
Effects of Dietary Chitosan on Lipid Oxidation, Fatty Acid Composition, Blood Profile of Pork Meat during Storage Periods
Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources, volume 20, issue 1, 2000, Pages 15~20
The effects of dietary chitosan on lipid oxidation, fatty acid composition and blood profile of porks were investigated. A total 24 pigs(55
5kg) were fed a control diet (a commercial diet) or chitosan-supplemented diets (T1; 0.2% chitosan, T2; 0.4% chitosan, T3; 0.6% chitosan) for 6 weeks. After six weeks, pigs were slaughtered and bellies were collected from each treatment group. Samples were stored at 0
for 14 days. The thiobarbituric acid reaction substance(TBARS) values of all the treatments increased until 7 days of storage. The fatty acid and crude fat composition of all the treatments were not changed during storage significantly. The total cholesterol and triglyceride in blood chemistry tend to lower chitosan supplemented groups then control group.
Fermentation Characteristics of Set-Type Yoghurt from Milk Added with Mugwort Extract
Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources, volume 20, issue 1, 2000, Pages 21~29
This study was carried out to investigate the fermentation characteristics and storage of set-type yoghurt added mugwort extracts(AME) such as pH, growth of lactic acid bacteria, number of viable cells, viscosity, and sensory characteristics during 24 hours fermentation and 15 days storage. Addition of mugwort extracts was grown rapidly of lactic acid bacteria rather than that of control and also 4 or 8% AME groups were grown similar to control. The drop of AME pH of broth was less compared with control during incubation of lactic acid bacteria. The growth of lactic acid bacteria during incubation of AME yoghurt was not different of viable cell count between AME group and control in beginning time, but the viable cell count of AME groups were increased depended opon addition quantity of AME in ending time. Addition of mugwort extracts was not affect on pH change during yoghurt fermentation and increased a lactic acid bacteria number as well as no effect of yoghurt fermentation in ending time. The viscosity of yoghurt was almost not changed 3 hours after yoghurt mix and increased rapidly 6 hours after yoghurt mix. Although control and 0.5% AME group showed maximum viscosity at 18 hours of fermentation, 1 and 2% AME group showed linear increase until 24 hours of fermentation. Mugwort did not affect pH and viable cel number of lactic acid bacteria during 15 days storage 24 hours after fermentation. Sensory evaluation of the AME yoghurt showed that flavour, texture and acid taste were not affected by addition of mugwort. However, the appearance and taste were dropped by addition of mugwort.
-Cyclodextrin Used for Cholesterol Removal from Egg Yolk
Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources, volume 20, issue 1, 2000, Pages 30~35
The method used to remove cholesterol from egg by using
-cyclodextrin was relatively stable and efficient. The aim of this study was to cost down by recycling
-cyclodextrin used to remove cholesterol from egg yolk because
-cyclodextrin was expensive. The solvents used to separate
-cyclodextrin complex containing egg yolk cholesterol were butanol, chloroform, ether, hexane, methanol, 2-propanol and their mixture. The ratio of solvent and complex varied from 2 : 1 to 10 : 1. The condition of mixing time and temperature varied from 30 to 60
and from 10 minutes to 3 hours to remove cholesterol from
-cyclodextrin complex. When the ratio of choloroform and methanol was 1 : 1, the removal efficiency of cholesterol was 98.8%. The efficiency of cholesterol removal was improved when the ratio of solvent : complex increased to 4 : 1. When mixing time and temperature was up to for 1hr, at 50
respectively, the efficiency of cholesterol removal improved to 99%. It concluded that the efficiency of cholesterol removal of 50% renewed one contained
-cyclodextrin were 81.1% while the cholesterol removal efficiency of 100% renewed
-cyclodextrin was 24% if cholesterol removal efficiency of new
-cyclodextrin were 100%.
Separation and Purification of Cholesterol from By-product of Low Cholesterol Egg Yolk
Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources, volume 20, issue 1, 2000, Pages 36~43
-cyclodextrin adsorption and saponification methods were applied to isolate and purify cholesterol from the by-product of the low-cholesterol egg yolk product. They by-product was prepared from processing low-cholesterol egg yolk followed by extracting with chloroform to remove
-cyclodextrin and concentrated to 3,069 mg% cholesterol. When
-cyclodextrin method between two purification methods was applied, 50% ethanol as a solvent showed higher cholesterol concentration of 5.82% rather than the other solvents. Repeated purification of 3 times could not improve the cholesterol concentration significantly(p<0.05). In case of purification using saponification method,


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Öz Heat treatment was applied without addition of chemicals harmful to human and environmental health, which are considered as an alternative to the impregnation process has many advantages and disadvantages for the wood based panel products. Formaldehyde has been linked to human health and environmental problems during and after manufacturing. Many studies are applied to reduce the formaldehyde emission. Because of the different applications of heat treatment, it has not been found in these studies. In this study, the effects of heat treatment on the formaldehyde emission rate released on the surfaces of beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky.) three-layer particleboard were investigated. For this purpose, three groups were formed according to different time and temperature of heat treatment. After heat treatment, the lower, upper and middle layers of panels in the groups were separated then the formaldehyde emission rates from these layers were determined and compared with the control groups were not applied heat treatment. Consequently, the formaldehyde emission rates from the particleboard varied by layer (the lower, upper and middle) with heat treatment. The formaldehyde molecules in the upper layers treated at 150°C flowed from the hot side to the cold side. The formaldehyde emission rates in the heat-treated layers decreased with the time of treatment.
Aydin, I., Demirkir, C., Colak, S. and Colakoglu, G. 2010. Evaluation of flours of different wood barks as filler in plywood panels. III. National Karadeniz Forestry Congress, Artvin, 5: _PHONE_. Aydin, I., Colakoglu, G., Colak, S. and Demirkir, C. 2006. Effects of moisture content on formaldehyde emission and mechanical properties of plywood. Building and Environment, 41: 1311–1316. Brinkmann, E. 1978. Herstellung von Harnstoffharz-gebundenen Holzspanplatten mit niedrigem formaldehydgehalt auf ein-etagen-anlagen. Holz Roh-Werkstoff, 36: 296-298. Colak, S. 2002. The effects of impregnation procedure at plywood on technological properties, formaldehyde and acid emission of plywood. PhD Thesis, Karadeniz Technical University. Costa, N., Pereira, J., Ferra, J., Cruz, P., Martins, J., Magalhães, F., Mendes, A. and Carvalho, L. 2013. Scavengers for achieving zero formaldehyde emission on wood-based panels. Wood and Science Technology, 47:1261–1272. EN 322, 1993. Wood-based panels – Determination of moisture content, Brussels, Belgium. EN 717-3, 1996. Wood-based panels, determination of formaldehyde release, formaldehyde release by flask method. Brussels, Belgium. FAO 2016. FAOSTAT-FAO Statics Division - Production Quantity/Plywood. _URL_ Jiang, T., Gardner, D. J. and Baumann, M. G. D. 2002. Volatile organic compound emission arising from the hot-pressing of mixed-hardwood particleboard. Forest Products Journal, 52.11/12: 66. Kollman, F., Kuenzi, E. W. and Stam, A. S. 1975. Principles of wood science and technology. Springer Verlag. Berlin. New York. Marutzky, R. 1994. Release of formaldehyde by wood products. Forest Product Society, Report No: 94RS100R. Meyer, B., Johns, W. E. and Woo, J. K. 1980. Formaldehyde release from sulfur modified urea-formaldehyde resin systems. Forest Products Journal, 30(3): 24–31. Myers, G. E. 1984. How mole ratio of UF resin affects formaldehyde emission and other properties: literature critique. Forest Products Journal, 34(5): 35-41. Park, B. D., Chang, K. E. and Yong, P. J. 2006. Effects of formaldehyde to urea mole ratio on thermal curing behavior of urea–formaldehyde resin and properties of particleboard. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 101(3): _PHONE_. Petersen, H. 1973. Zur formaldehyde absplatung bei der spanplattenerzeugung mit Harnstoff-formaldehyde-bindemitteln. Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff, 32(10): 402–10. Petinarakis, J. H. and Kavvouras, P. K. 2006. Technological factors affecting the emission of formaldehyde from particleboards. Wood Research, 51(1): 31-40. Philip, J. R. and De Vries, D. A. 1957. Moisture movement in porous materials under temperature gradients. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 38(2), 222-232. Que, Z., Furuno, T., Katoh, S. and Nishino, Y. 2007. Effects of urea–formaldehyde resin mole ratio on the properties of particleboard. Building and Environment, 42(3): _PHONE_. Roffael, E. 1975. Messung der formaldehyde hydabgabe. Holz-zentralblatt, 100(96): 1461-2. Roffael, E. 1982. The formaldehyde emission of particleboard and other materials. DRW –Verlag. Stuttgart. p, 154. Salem, M. Z. M., Böhm, M., Beránková, J. and Srba, J. 2011. Effect of some manufacturing variables on formaldehyde release from particleboard: relationship between different test methods. Building and Environment, 46: 1946- 1953. Sundin, B. and Hanetho, P. 1978. Formaldehyde emission from particleboard and other building materials. In: Maloey TM, editor. Proceedings of the 12th International Particleboard Symposium. Washington State University: Pullman, WA: 251–86. Tekin, A. and Keskin, H. 2015. Effects of temperature and humidity on formaldehyde emission from composite furniture components. Proceedings of the 27th International Conference Research for Furniture Industry, Ankara, Turkey: 126-136. Wålinder, M. 2000. Wetting phenomena on wood – Factors influencing measurements of wood wettability, PhD, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Dept. of Manufacturing Systems, Wood Technology and Processing, SE-100 44, Stocholm. Wang, W. and Gardner, D. J. 1999. Investigation of volatile organic compound press emissions during particleboard production. Part 1. UF-bonded southern pine. Forest Products Journal, 49(3): 65. Wolcott, J. J., Motter, W. K., Daisy, N. K., Tenhaeff, S. C. and Detlefsen, W. D. 1996. Investigation of variables affecting hot-press formaldehyde and methanol emissions during laboratory production of urea-formaldehyde-bonded particleboard. Forest Products Journal, 46(9): 62.


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Nano-sized titania (anatase) and sodium and potassium titanate nanotubes were studied via in situ Raman spectroscopy at hydrostatic pressures up to 6 GPa. Analysis by scanning electron microscopy shows a uniform dispersion of sodium and potassium cations in the nanotubes. The effect of the pressure was observed by significant shifts in the Raman band structure of nano-sized anatase crystals and nanotube titanate. In nano-particulate anatase, the phonon frequencies (143, 395, 517, and 639 cm−1) increase linearly with pressure. In contrast, the upward frequency shifts in the sodium titanate nanotubes (NaTNT) and potassium-modified nanotubes (NaTNT+K) occur in a stepwise fashion. These stepwise changes occur in the nanotube samples between 2 and 4 GPa (ambient pressure phonon bands in NaTNT at 274, 444, 650, and 906 cm−1) and between 4.5 and 5.5 GPa, (phonons 273 cm−1 and 436 cm−1 in NaTNT+K at an ambient pressure). Post-pressure high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis shows evidence of nanotube distortions and a 5% contraction in the interlaminar spacing of both NaTNT and NaTNT+K.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy(all)


Take the 2-minute tour ×
"How many ways can the letters in the word SLUMGULLION be arranged so that the three L's precede all the other consonants?"
My work is below: Can someone also solve this ONLY using the multiplication rule, permutations, and permutations with repetitions?
We have 3 L's and the other 4 consonants are S,M,G,N. That is, our consonants are LLLSMGN, call them all X for the moment. Then we have XXXXXXXUUIO. The number of arrangements of these letters is $\frac{11!}{7!2!}$. Hence the answer is $4!*\frac{11!}{7!2!}$ since there are $4!$ ways to arrange the 4 consonants other than the L's.
share|improve this question
Hmm, I got the same answer as you. – JohnJamesSmith Mar 26 '12 at 2:12
Your reasoning is correct. I also solved the problem a different way (using combinations) and got the same answer. – Brett Frankel Mar 26 '12 at 2:47
1 Answer 1
Your argument is fine (as previously noted), and there's probably no significantly better approach to counting them.
If you want to double-check your result, here's some GAP code which can list all the possibilities.
for P in T do
 # where the last L is
 # where the first non-L consonant is
 if(b>a) then
and it found 95040, matching your result $4! \frac{11!}{7!\ 2!}$.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


Quick Answer: What Is Short For Gregory?
What does the name Ryan mean?
Ryan is an English-language given name of Irish origin, and is used by both males and females.
It comes from the Irish surname Ryan, which in turn comes from the Old Irish name Rian.
Popular modern sources typically suggest that the name means "little king" or "illustrious", but the original meaning is unknown..
What does Gregory mean in the Bible?
The name Gregory comes from the Greek Gregōrios, derived from the verb "gregōrien" meaning 'watchful, vigilant'. … The name was adopted by early Christians heedful of the Biblical passage located in 1 Peter 5:8, "Be sober-minded; be watchful.
Who is Gregory in Romeo and Juliet?
Gregory is a minor character in the play. He is of the house of Capulet, and a friend to Sampson. Gregory confronts Sampson about the fact that he complains, yet does not act on the fact that he hates all Montagues.
What does the name Kimberly mean?
The given name Kimberley is derived from place of Kimberley, in Northern Cape, South Africa. … This place name is derived from two Old English elements: the first is the feminine personal name Cyneburg, which means "royal fortress"; the second element is lēah, which means "woodland" or "clearing".
What is Greg a nickname for?
Greg is a name that's been used primarily by parents who are considering baby names for boys. Short form of Gregory. Greg Kinnear, actor.
What nationality is Gregory?
Gregory (surname)OriginWord/nameGreek, Latin, Celtic, RussianMeaningSon of "Gregory" or "Gregor"Region of originEngland (Derbyshire), Scotland (Highlands)Other names1 more row
What is the female version of the name Gregory?
I found several female versions of Gregory, actually: Gregoria (this name has already been mentioned – it's the most popular one, I think) Gregorina. Gregorine.
Who is Gregory FNAF?
Gregory is the implied child protagonist of the upcoming game Five Nights at Freddy's: Security Breach.
Is Greg a male or female name?
Gender Popularity of the Name "Greg" Boy or Girl? Greg: It's a boy! Since 1880, a total of 75,845 boys have been given the name Greg while we have no record of any girls being named Greg.
Is Gregory a unisex name?
The name Gregory is a boy's name of Greek origin meaning "vigilant, a watchman".
What kind of name is Greer?
Meaning: Greer is a girl's name of Scottish origin that means "alert or watchful.
How do you spell the name Greg?
The surname is of Scottish origin and is derived from a shortened form of the personal name Gregory and Greg. As a given name, Greig is of English and Scottish origin. This name is a short form of the names Gregory or Gregor. In some cases it is derived from the surname of the same spelling.
What does the name Gregory stand for?
The masculine first name Gregory derives from the Latin name "Gregorius", which came from the late Greek name "Γρηγόριος" (Grēgórios) meaning "watchful, alert" (derived from Greek "γρηγoρεῖν" "grēgorein" meaning "to watch").
What does the name Gregory mean in Hebrew?
Gregory is a common masculine first name and family name. It is derived from the Latin "Gregorius," which was from the late Greek name "Γρηγόριος" (Gregorios), which was derived from "γήγορος" (gegoros) meaning "watchful, alert". … Because of this background, it is also a very common name for saints.
What name means a gift from God?
Is Gregory a Russian name?
Grischa (alternatively spelled Grisha or Gricha) is a short form for the name Gregory or Grigorij, and sometimes for the name Georgi as well, used in Russia and some other Slavic countries, including Ukraine and Bulgaria. The "sha" ending is a typical short form in the Russian language for names.


text:
Are you like me and tend to write lots and lots in your cells in Excel 2007? It might be a good idea to make the text wrap.
What does wrapping text mean? Basically it is where you take one long line of text, and make it "wrap" around onto a number of lines instead. That way you have a nice readable block of text, instead of the line that goes on forever.
How to you wrap cell text in Excel 2007? Simple!
- Select the cell with all the text
- In the ribbon menu, on the "Home" tab, look for the "Alignment" group
- Click on the "Wrap Text" button.
'till next time!


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Michi's blog » Recursively counting numbers with fixed bit counts
 Recursively counting numbers with fixed bit counts
 - May 13th, 2012
 - 1:04 am
Write a function
uint64_t bitsquares(uint64_t a, uint64_t b);
The key insight I had was that whenever you try to find the number of numbers with a bitcount matching some element of some list within the bounds of 0b0000…0000 and 0b000…01111…11, then it reduces to a simple binomial coefficient — n choose k gives the number of numbers with k bits set among the n last. Furthermore, we can reduce the total size of the problem by removing a matching prefix from the two numbers we test from.
Hence, we trace how many bits off the top agree between the two numbers. We count the set bits among these, subtract them from each representative in the list of squares, giving us the counts we need to hit in the remainder.
Write a' for a with the agreeing prefix removed, and similarly for b'. Then the total count is the count for the reduced things from a' to 0b000…01…111 plus the count for the reduced things from 0 to b'. The reduction count for b' needs to be 1 larger than the one for a' since in one case, we are working with the prefix before the varying bit increases, and in the other, we work with the prefix after the varying bit increases — the latter count is not really from 0 to b', but this is a useful proxy for the count from 0b0000…010…000 to b' with the additional high bit set.
In code, I managed to boil this down to:
import Data.Word
import Data.Bits
import Data.List (elemIndices)
bitsquare :: Word64 -> Word64 -> Word64bitsquare a b = bitcountin a b squares -- # integers in [a,b] with square # of 1
squares = [1,4,9,16,25,36,49,64] :: [Word64]
allones = [fromIntegral (2^k - 1) | k <- [1..64]]
choose n 0 = 1
choose 0 k = 0
choose n k = (choose (n-1) (k-1)) * n 'div' k
popCount :: Word64 -> Word64
popCount w = sum [1 | x <- [0..63], testBit w x]
-- # integers in [a,b] with 1-counts in counts
bitcountin :: Word64 -> Word64 -> [Word64] -> Word64
bitcountin a b counts
| a > b = 0
| a == b = if popCount b 'elem' counts then 1 else 0 | (a == 0) && (b 'elem' allones) = sum [choose n k | n <- [popCount b], k <- c
| otherwise = (bitcountin a' low [c-lobits | c <- counts, c>= lobits]) +
(bitcountin hi b' [c-hibits | c <- counts, c>= hibits])
agreements = [(testBit a n) == (testBit b n) | n <- [0..63]]
agreeI = elemIndices False agreements
prefixIndex = last agreeI
prefixCount = sum [1 | x <- [prefixIndex..63], testBit a x]
a' = a.&. (2^prefixIndex - 1)
b' = b.&. (2^prefixIndex - 1)
low = 2^prefixIndex - 1
hi = 0
lobits = prefixCount
hibits = prefixCount+1
5 People had this to say...
 - James Cook
 - May 14th, 2012
 - 17:49
For what it's worth, it's much simpler if you start off by defining a single-variable version of the problem (i.e., calculate bitSquareLTE n = bitsquare 0 n, and then just define the range version by subtraction.
An implementation of that approach is here:
 - Sam
 - May 14th, 2012
 - 18:00
I solved this in C instead. It is a bit wonky since you need to be careful to avoid integer overflow when you compute binomial coefficients (it's better to just memoize Pascal's triangle), but gcc's __builtin_clzl() comes in handy for the actual puzzle. You can simplify the algorithm at the cost of slightly increased runtime by defining the function 'bitCount 0 b counts' instead and then defining the full function by subtraction.
 - Noah Easterly
 - May 14th, 2012
 - 18:41
popCount is already defined in Data.Bits.
 - Sam
 - May 14th, 2012
 - 19:41
P.S. I know that redefining bitCount to subtract is cheating, because the problem asks for an O(log(b-a)) solution. However, 'bitCount a a k' tells you how whether the population count of a is k or not; I don't think that this can be done in constant time if k and a go to infinity.
 - Michi
 - May 15th, 2012
 - 18:38
_USER_: I know; however, it wasn't in the version of the Haskell Platform I was working on. Hence my inclusion of the code.
Everyone else: Sure, I can see how the one-parameter version simplifies thinking about the problem. But it seems a bit wasteful to traverse the entire (underlying) bit decision tree when you only need to look at the span between the numbers given…
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text:
Despite press reports to the contrary, the proposed removal of the UK personal tax allowance to non-residents is unlikely to have any significant impact on most expats living in France.
In recent weeks there have been reports in a leading English language newspaper in France concerning the proposed abolition of UK personal allowances to expatriates. A number of you have contacted us concerned about what you have read.
The background to this story is that in the March 2014 Budget the UK Government announced that it was to undertake a review of whether there should be restrictions on the income tax personal allowance for non-residents.
The level of this allowance is currently £10,000 per year, which will rise to £10,500 in April 2015. The allowance has risen by over 60% over the past 4 years.
Expats living in France are currently allowed to set off their liability to income tax in the UK against this allowance, provided the income is taxable in the UK.
The government have yet to make a final decision on the matter, but they have issued a consultation paper that provides an insight into their thinking.
The largest group of expatriates who might be expected to be affected by this reform are those on a pension income, the vast majority of expatriates living abroad.
However, state pensions are already taxed entirely in France, and expatriates in France receive no UK personal allowance against such income.
As the government states in the consultation paper, "Most UK national pensioners living overseas would not be affected by any restriction on non-residents entitlement to the Personal Allowance."
Accordingly, all UK State Pensions are outside the scope of the review.
Government Service Pensions
For those on a government service pension, whose pension income is taxed in the UK, the government are proposing that they will continue to receive the personal allowance.
They state that, "The government is concerned that individuals, like those in receipt of government service pensions, who are not eligible for double taxation relief, would be disproportionately affected by the removal of the UK Personal Allowance."As a result, "The government does not intend to raise taxes on vulnerable groups or in situations where the UK is the principal taxing authority and an individual has no recourse to relief as a result of the UK having sole taxing rights under a tax treaty."
Indeed, the definition of those who will be unaffected is broader, for the consultation paper also proposes that others who have a "strong economic connection" with the UK would continue to be entitled to the personal allowance.
The adoption of such an approach is considered necessary in order to avoid infringing European regulations and tax treaty obligations on discrimination between residents and non-residents who may be in comparable circumstances.
The paper discusses just what may be considered to be a 'strong economic connection', and comes down in favour of a test based on the percentage of total income that arises in the UK.
Although the paper does not propose a threshold, it suggests that it might be at either 75% or 90% of total income.
Accordingly, whether or not you are on a pension income, if the vast majority of your income comes from the UK, you will still be entitled to the personal allowance.
This would include those who retain rental property in the UK, which is taxable in the UK, with a tax credit granted in France on such income.
Paulette Peterson, of expatriate tax advisors PetersonSims says that, "Some of the reports I have read about this matter are unecessarily alarmist because the vast majority of expatriates in France will be unaffected by the changes.
The main losers are likely to be those non residents whose main economic activities are outside the UK, via employment or self-employment abroad; if these non residents have UK investment income, such as rental income, they will lose the personal allowance and will pay UK tax on this income.
Generally, non- working pensioners in receipt of UK sourced pensions will suffer no adverse consequences and will continue to benefit from the personal allowance which can be set against their UK rental income."
The government are proposing to complete consultation on the issue by mid October, and to implement the changes from January 2015.
We will publish further information when the final proposals are available.


Cypress Asserations
February 11, 2020
Cypress Assertions
Assertions describe the desired state of your elements, your objects, and your application.
What makes Cypress unique from other testing tools is that commands automatically retry their assertions. In fact, they will look "downstream" at what you're expressing and modify their behavior to make your assertions pass.
You should think of assertions as guards. Use your guards to describe what your application should look like, and Cypress will automatically block, wait, and retry until it reaches that state.
Asserting in English
Let's look at how you'd describe an assertion in english:
After clicking on this <button>, I expect its class to eventually be active.
To express this in Cypress you'd write:
cy.get('button').click().should('have.class', 'active')
Here's another example.
After making an HTTP request to my server, I expect the response body to equal {name: 'Jane'}
To express this with an assertion you'd write:
cy.request('/users/1').its('body').should('deep.eq', { name: 'Jane' })
When To Assert?
Despite the dozens of assertions Cypress makes available to you, sometimes the best test may make no assertions at all! How can this be? Aren't assertions a basic part of testing?
Consider this example:
cy.visit('/home')
cy.get('.main-menu')
 .contains('New Project')
 .click()
cy.get('.title')
 .type('My Awesome Project')
cy.get('form')
 .submit()
Without a single explicit assertion, there are dozens of ways this test can fail! Here's a few:
- The initial cy.visit() could respond with something other than success.
- Any of the cy.get() commands could fail to find their elements in the DOM.
- The element we want to .click() on could be covered by another element.
- The input we want to .type() into could be disabled.
- Form submission could result in a non-success status code.
- The in-page JS (the application under test) could throw an error.
With Cypress, you don't have to assert to have a useful test. Even without assertions, a few lines of Cypress can ensure thousands of lines of code are working properly across the client and server! This is because many commands have a built in Default Assertion which offer you a high level of guarantee.
Default Assertions
Many commands have a default, built-in assertion, or rather have requirements that may cause it to fail without needing an explicit assertion you've added.
For instance:
cy.visit() expects the page to send text/html content with a 200 status code.
cy.request() expects the remote server to exist and provide a response.
cy.contains() expects the element with content to eventually exist in the DOM.
cy.get() expects the element to eventually exist in the DOM.
.find() also expects the element to eventually exist in the DOM.
.type() expects the element to eventually be in a typeable state.
.click() expects the element to eventually be in an actionable state.
.its() expects to eventually find a property on the current subject.
Certain commands may have a specific requirement that causes them to immediately fail without retrying: such as cy.request().
Others, such as DOM based commands will automatically retry and wait for their corresponding elements to exist before failing.
Even more - action commands will automatically wait for their element to reach an actionable state before failing.
All DOM based commands automatically wait for their elements to exist in the DOM. You don't need to write .should('exist') after a DOM based command, unless you chain extra .should() assertions.
Negative DOM assertions
If you chain any .should() command, the default .should('exist') is not asserted. This does not matter for most positive assertions, such as .should('have.class'), because those imply existence in the first place, but if you chain negative assertions ,such as .should('not.have.class'), they will pass even if the DOM element doesn't exist:
cy.get('.does-not-exist').should('not.be.visible')
cy.get('.does-not-exist').should('not.be.visible') // passes
cy.get('.does-not-exist').should('not.have.descendants') // passes
This also applies to custom assertions such as when passing a callback:
// passes, provided the callback itself passes
cy.get('.does-not-exist').should(($element) => { expect($element.find('input')).to.not.exist })
There's an open discussion about this behavior.
These rules are pretty intuitive, and most commands give you the flexibility to override or bypass the default ways they can fail, typically by passing a {force: true} option.
Example #1: Existence and Actionability
cy
 // there is a default assertion that this
 // button must exist in the DOM before proceeding
 .get('button')
 // before issuing the click, this button must be "actionable"
 // it cannot be disabled, covered, or hidden from view.
 .click()
Cypress will automatically wait for elements to pass their default assertions. Like with the explicit assertions you've added, all of these assertions share the same timeout values.
Example #2: Reversing the Default Assertion Most of the time, when querying for elements, you expect them to eventually exist. But sometimes you wish to wait until they don't exist.
All you have to do is add that assertion and Cypress will reverse its rules waiting for elements to exist.
// now Cypress will wait until this
// <button> is not in the DOM after the click
cy.get('button.close').click().should('not.exist')
// and now make sure this #modal does not exist in the DOM
// and automatically wait until it's gone!
cy.get('#modal').should('not.exist')
By adding .should('not.exist') to any DOM command, Cypress will reverse its default assertion and automatically wait until the element does not exist.
Example #3: Other Default Assertions
Other commands have other default assertions not related to the DOM. For instance, .its() requires that the property you're asking about exists on the object.
// create an empty object
const obj = {}
// set the 'foo' property after 1 second
setTimeout(() => {
 obj.foo = 'bar'
}, 1000)
// .its() will wait until the 'foo' property is on the object
cy.wrap(obj).its('foo')
List of Assertions
Cypress bundles Chai, Chai-jQuery, and Sinon-Chai to provide built-in assertions. You can see a comprehensive list of them in the list of assertions reference. You can also write your own assertions as Chai plugins and use them in Cypress.
Writing Assertions
There are two ways to write assertions in Cypress:
1. Implicit Subjects: Using .should() or .and().
2. Explicit Subjects: Using expect.
Implicit Subjects
Using .should() or .and() commands is the preferred way of making assertions in Cypress. These are typical Cypress commands, which means they apply to the currently yielded subject in the command chain.
// the implicit subject here is the first <tr>
// this asserts that the <tr> has an .active class
cy.get('tbody tr:first').should('have.class', 'active')
You can chain multiple assertions together using .and(), which is another name for .should() that makes things more readable:
cy.get('#header a')
 .should('have.class', 'active')
 .and('have.attr', 'href', '/users')
Because .should('have.class') does not change the subject, .and('have.attr') is executed against the same element. This is handy when you need to assert multiple things against a single subject quickly.
If we wrote this assertion in the explicit form "the long way", it would look like this:
cy.get('tbody tr:first').should(($tr) => {
 expect($tr).to.have.class('active')
 expect($tr).to.have.attr('href', '/users')
})
The implicit form is much shorter! So when would you want to use the explicit form?
Typically when you want to:
- Assert multiple things about the same subject
- Massage the subject in some way prior to making the assertion
Explicit Subjects
Using expect allows you to pass in a specific subject and make an assertion about it. This is probably how you're used to


Interference between different actors can trigger a building polyphonic narrative of the image.
In fact, I consider the composition of a photographic image of a sort of silent musical composition, in which the photo polyphonic musical style is interpreted by the various subjects that together determine the theme.
They are the same subjects that "many voices" seem to proceed simultaneously and independently of each other according to certain rules harmonics.
Discover more inspiring photos like this one.
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Use of In-Office Preparations by Dermatologists for the Diagnosis of Cutaneous Fungal Infections
August 2019 | Volume 18 | Issue 8 | Original Article | 798 | Copyright © August 2019
Emily C. Murphy BSa,b and Adam J. Friedman MDa
aThe George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC bGeorgetown University, School of Medicine, Washington, DC
Abstract
Cutaneous fungal infections account for millions of office visits per year, yet their varied presentations often lead to misdiagnosis. If dermatology clinics are Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment (CLIA) certified, direct microscopy with potassium hydroxide or other stains can be used to inexpensively and rapidly diagnose fungal infections. In this survey, we examined dermatologists' perceptions of fungal preparations and CLIA certification to identify barriers that prevent the use of these bedside diagnostics. The response rate was 13% (n=308, based on the number of emails opened). When a cutaneous fungal infection is suspected, 20.94% rarely/never and 19.86% sometimes perform fungal preparations, often because they think clinical diagnosis is adequate or that preparations take too long. 21.32% reported not having CLIA certification, most frequently because the process requires too much work, or they do not know how to apply. Of providers with CLIA certification, over 25% thought it was difficult to obtain. Our results demonstrate that numerous barriers prevent the common use of fungal preparations, including the perception that clinical diagnosis is sufficient and the lack of required CLIA certification. These barriers emphasize the need for additional education about cutaneous fungal infections and use of bedside diagnostics. Additionally, policy-based interventions are necessary to ease the process of CLIA certification.
J Drugs Dermatol. 2019;18(8):798-802.
INTRODUCTION
Cutaneous fungal infections account for 3.5 to 6.5 million office visits per year1 – despite being common, their diverse presentations frequently lead to misdiagnosis.2,3 In one study, only 4 out of 13 dermatophytosis cases presented were accurately identified by more than 75% of board-certified dermatologists.4 In addition, other conditions can mimic fungal infections, such as mycosis fungoides5 or inflammatory diseases including annular psoriasis, secondary syphilis, and pityriasis rosea.4
Given the many presentations of fungal infections and mimicking diseases, in-office tests are useful to facilitate the diagnosis of cutaneous fungal infections. Direct microscopy using potassium hydroxide (KOH) or other stains is a rapid, inexpensive method to diagnose fungal infections,3 however, it requires clinics to have Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment (CLIA) certification.6 Specifically, dermatology clinics must apply for a certificate of Provider-Performed Microscopy Procedures to perform KOH preparations and other waived tests, such as urine pregnancy tests.6 Other confirmatory tests for fungal infections are more expensive and require send out cultures that can take days to weeks, and still may not provide a diagnosis.7,8 Despite the importance of bedside fungal preparations, dermatologists' attitudes towards and utilization of these tests are unknown. This survey study examined dermatologists' perceptions of fungal preparations and identified barriers preventing their use.
METHODS
An IRB-approved survey was disseminated to the Orlando Dermatology Aesthetic and Clinical Conference email list and the data was collected via an internet-based platform. The survey was composed of 18 multiple choice questions and 1 free response question on demographics (Table 1) as well as fungal preparation practices and CLIA certification (Table 2). Before data collection, the survey was reviewed by 10 dermatologists and design suggestions were incorporated into the final survey. Statistical analysis was done using GraphPad Prism, version 7.0 (GraphPad Software Inc.). Survey answers were compared by frequency of fungal preparation performance, practice type (academic versus non-academic practices), and experience level (in residency versus out of residency) using chi-square tests. A P-value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered statistically significant.


text:
Ecol Evol 11 (3) _PHONE_ [2021-02-00; online 2021-01-11]
Third-generation sequencing technologies, such as Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) and Pacific Biosciences (PacBio), have gained popularity over the last years. These platforms can generate millions of long-read sequences. This is not only advantageous for genome sequencing projects, but also advantageous for amplicon-based high-throughput sequencing experiments, such as DNA barcoding. However, the relatively high error rates associated with these technologies still pose challenges for generating high-quality consensus sequences. Here, we present NGSpeciesID, a program which can generate highly accurate consensus sequences from long-read amplicon sequencing technologies, including ONT and PacBio. The tool includes clustering of the reads to help filter out contaminants or reads with high error rates and employs polishing strategies specific to the appropriate sequencing platform. We show that NGSpeciesID produces consensus sequences with improved usability by minimizing preprocessing and software installation and scalability by enabling rapid processing of hundreds to thousands of samples, while maintaining similar consensus accuracy as current pipelines.