text:
's a snapshot of the 7 steps to create a successful physician recruiting plan:
Step 1: Understanding Healthcare Organizations Goals, Needs & Demands
Customize your recruiting strategy to include your organizations goals, needs and demands. Remember, when developing this section to be as specific as possible.
Step 2: Conducting a Physician Needs Analysis
Hire a third-party vendor to conduct a physician needs assessment. This will help your organization identify physician needs, justify recruitment plans and maintain/stay compliant with regulatory agencies and laws.
Step 3: Qualities and Personality Traits to Consider in Physicians
Recruiting physicians today is quite different than in the recent past. Thanks to evolving factors like the advancement of value-based payment and a seismic shift in the workforce, the healthcare landscape has likewise needed to evolve significantly in recent times, requiring organizations and physician recruiters to seek specific qualities when recruiting physicians. Physicians must exude both professionalism and passion for their work, demonstrating not just medical competence but social competence and emotional intelligence as well.
Its also important for organizations and recruiters to consider personality traits when recruiting physicians. This is primarily to understand how physicians with different personality traits adapt to a new working environment and how they engage and interact with patients. Today's physicians are required to work more collaboratively with the whole healthcare team, exhibiting greater humility and a more collaborative mindset. Recruiters want to be sure that a candidate has the mental, emotional skills and resources to manage the high levels of stress associated with a physician's job.
Step 4: Recruiting Physicians
When recruiting physicians, keep in mind the:
- Qualities and personality traits that best fit your organizations culture
- Candidates interest (as well as their families) if you're recruiting candidates outside of your market
- Interview process and team; make sure to customize every interview and that your interviewees are prepared with questions, concerns etc.
Step 5: Gathering Recruiting Strategy Approval
When gathering approval of your recruiting strategy, make sure to include everyone who has a say in physician recruiting. This may include board members, healthcare administrators, chief physicians etc. Keep in mind, the process to get your plan approved can take some time depending on the size and structure of your organization.
Step 6: Measuring Recruitment Success and ROI
Developing a system that allows you to track detailed and real-time metrics is key. It helps your organization identify efforts that are best performing, hospital resources with the most ROI etc.
Step 7: Evaluating Your New Hire
Now that you have a strategic recruiting plan in place, you've made a few new hires. After a few weeks, it's time to decide how much value these new hires are bringing in. Evaluate their overall performance and use these 5 indicators as a guide to see if you've made a good hire.


I have this simple program that has a problem that I just can't find a
solution to:
***********
class MyArray
 def count
 a = [50.1,52.0,55.0,60.0]
 b = [0.24,0.1,0.29,0.9]
 i = 0
 c = []
 while i <= 4 do
 puts c = b.collect {|x| x * a[i]}
 i += 1
 end
 end
end
number = MyArray.new
number.count
*********
I want each element of array 'b' to be multiplied by each element of 'a'
and return a vector, 'c' with 16 rows.
this code works, but I get an error that says:
ArrayInsert.rb:9:in '*': nil can't be coerced into Float (TypeError)
 from ArrayInsert.rb:9:in 'count'
 from ArrayInsert.rb:9:in 'collect'
 from ArrayInsert.rb:9:in 'count'
 from ArrayInsert.rb:17
I don't understand where 'nil' is coming from. Can someone help me with
this one? Thank you.
--
Posted via _URL_


Antimony Ore Procession Methods
ore processing stibnite
Flotation process is the main antimony ore processing method: Minerals, most of them are easy floating antimony sulfide mineral flotation ore crystallographic sites. Stibnite often precede lead salts as activators also useful copper salt or a combination of lead salts copper salt, then collector flotation.
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Antimony Mineral Processing HOTMINING. Antimony Mineral Processing . Process Introduction Proportion of antimony ore is far greater than proportion of gangue, so it will be separated by using the method gravity method has many features, high efficiency, energy saving, and environment protection, which can make the lowgrade ore .
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Separating lead–antimony alloy by fractional ...
 · The lead–antimony components in jamesonite exist as solid solution of antimony sulfide and lead sulfide in the ore. Since it is of great difficulty to separate lead and antimony from jamesonite by mineral methods, metallurgical methods must be taken to utilize the ore more effectively .
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Mining Method for Antimony ore
Antimony Mineral Processing. Antimony Mineral Processing . Process Introduction. Proportion of antimony ore is far greater than proportion of gangue, so it will be separated by using the method gravity method has many features, high efficiency, energy saving, and environment protection, which can make the lowgrade ore enrichment advance.
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antimony mining and processing . Antimony Mineral Processing hotminingepc. Antimony Mineral Processing . Process Introduction. Proportion of antimony ore is far greater than proportion of gangue, so it will be separated by using the method gravity method has many features, high efficiency, energy saving, and environment protection, which can make the lowgrade ore .
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Antimony Ore Procession Method. As a leading global manufacturer of crushing equipment, milling equipment,dressing equipment,drying equipment and briquette equipment etc. we offer advanced, rational solutions for any sizereduction requirements, including quarry, aggregate, grinding production and complete plant plan.
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Antimony Ore Procession Method
Antimony Ore Processing Introduction of antimony ore processing: The antimony ore beneficiation methods,should be based on the type of ore,mineral composition,mineral structure and embedded Pot and other physical and chemical properties as the basic conditions to select, you should also consider a price component content and meet the requirements of the antimony metallurgical technology and.
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Immobilization of antimony waste slag by applying ...
During the processing of antimony by pyrometallurgical methods, a considerable amount of slag containing antimony and other impurities is formed in the equipment such as the shaft furnace, rotary kiln, converter, or reverberatory furnace. According to the antimony production companies, 1 ton of
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antimony ore grinding mill antimony ore processing plant
Russian antimony ore cyanide equipment and equipmentcrushing equipment and ball mill in gold ore processing pr 24 2012 mail sales ore dressing equipment jaw crusherall mill can be dry or wet grinding for all kinds of ores and other grind able materials and can be divided into two kinds of dry and wet grinding method Read More.
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「antimony ore procession method slovenia」
Antimony Ore Processing Methods EXODUS Mining machine. In another method that has been suggested the alloy is treated with metallic sodium in order to form an alloy of sodium and antimony this is dissolved in molten caustic soda and the antimony separated by treatment with water more than threequarters of the,Antimony Ore Processing Methods.
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Antimony Ore Processing Methods
Antimony Ore Oxide Process. Antimony ore processing equipments flotation process antimony ore beneficiation is the most effective method for the selection and metallurgy of niobium metal at present there are mainly three methods of hand selection gravity separation and flotation among them the flotation process is the most reliable and the effect is most significant
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Antimony Mineral, Extraction of Antimony, Antimony Mineral ...
This method has many features, high efficiency, energy saving, and environment protection, which can make the lowgrade ore enrichment advance. After gravity separation, the antimony will be purified by floatation. So the processing method of Xinhai is gravity separationflotation process.
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Antimony
Production process. The extraction of antimony from ores depends on the quality and composition of the ore. Most antimony is mined as the sulfide; lowergrade ores are concentrated by froth flotation, while highergrade ores are heated to 500–600 °C, the temperature at which stibnite melts and separates from the gangue minerals.
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Antimony Refining Process. Antimony ore dressing method, basically have hand picking, reelection, the flotation methods. Get Price Antimony Processing Zoneding. Antimony Ore Dressing Method Antimony This antimony processing plant operated for a amount of around Half a year before Chase Minerals was forced into .
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Sobre nosotros
CNCrusher es uno de los mayores fabricantes en la industria de trituración y molienda en China. CNCrusher se fundó hace más de treinta años para fabricar máquinas aplicadas principalmente en procesamiento de áridos y polvo mineral.
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text:
Anti-Slavery Convention of American Women
The first Anti-Slavery Convention of American Women was held on May 9, 1837. Approximately 200 women gathered in New York City to discuss their role in the American abolition movement. Mary S. Parker was the President of the gathering. Other prominent women went on to be vocal members of the Women's Suffrage Movement, including Lucretia Mott, the Grimké sisters, and Lydia Maria Child. The attendees included women of color, the wives and daughters of slaveholders, and women of low economic status. The convention was a monumental step, both for the women's rights movement, and the abolition movement as a whole. Despite the event's significance, it receives very little historical attention.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Civil Procedures in Europe: Orders for Payment, Vol 4
Each country's practice in this area is described and analysed by a national expert distinguished in the field of civil procedural law. The contributions are written in either English, French, or German, and are followed by summaries in both remaining languages. Bibliographies are included to enable the reader to locate material for further study.
Each national report addresses the following issues:
A comparative contribution by the editors analyses the similarities and differences between the various European systems. Furthermore, the editors discuss attempts to harmonise the law of civil procedure in this respect, which range from various recommendations of the Council of Europe to the 1998 draft of the Late Payment Directive, and provide concrete suggestions for a future harmonisation or unification of this area of the law.
The countries covered are Austria, Belgium, Denmark, England, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden.
|Product Line||Kluwer Law International|
- The Netherlands

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Session 2006-07,14 December 2006
New inquiry: Climate change and the Stern review: the implications for HM Treasury policy on tax and the environment
The Treasury Committee has decided to undertake an inquiry into the implications for HM Treasury policy of climate change and the Stern review, following the publication of Sir Nicholas Stern's review of The Economics of Climate Change on 30 October 2006. The Committee will examine the effectiveness of steps taken by HM Treasury to tackle climate change in the context of tax and the environment.
In particular, the Committee will consider:
progress made by the Government on the undertakings set out in its Statement of intent on environmental taxation, published in 1997, and subsequently endorsed in its 2002 paper, Tax and the environment: using economic instruments
the Government's use of environmental or 'green' taxes that are specifically targeted at tackling climate change
the extent to which the Government uses environmental taxation to encourage behavioural change, rather than solely to raise revenue, and the social impact of such taxation; and
looking forward, the appropriate role of environmental taxation, in the context of the range of means by which the Government can seek to achieve its environmental policy aims-for example, by means of regulation, a voluntary agreement or a spending measure.
In relation to the Stern review, the Committee will give particular consideration to:
the innovative and novel aspects of the economic analysis carried out in the review, in order to examine what new perspectives the review has brought to the climate change debate; and
both the design and the parameters of the economic modelling used in the review.
The Committee will not seek to examine the environmental science of climate change, except where it relates to the economic modelling undertaken in the Stern review.
Written evidence should reach the Committee by
5.00 pm on Wednesday 17 January. Further information for those submitting written evidence is given in the notes below.
1. Written evidence should be in Word or rich text format-not PDF format-and sent by e-mail to
The body of the e-mail must include a contact name, telephone number and postal address. The e-mail should also make clear who the submission is from. The deadline is
Wednesday 17 January 2007 at 5.00 pm.
Submissions must address the terms of reference. They should be in the format of a self-contained memorandum and should be no more than 3,000 words. Paragraphs should be numbered for ease of reference, and the document must include an executive summary. Further guidance on the submission of evidence can be found at
Submissions should be original work, not previously published or circulated elsewhere. Once submitted, your submission becomes the property of the Committee and no public use should be made of it unless you have first obtained permission from the Clerk of the Committee. Please bear in mind that Committees are not able to investigate individual cases.
The Committee normally, though not always, chooses to publish the written evidence it receives, either by printing the evidence, publishing it on the internet or by making it publicly available through the Parliamentary Archives. If there is any information you believe to be sensitive you should highlight it and explain what harm you believe would result from its disclosure; the Committee will take this into account in deciding whether to publish or further disclose the evidence.
For data protection purposes, it would be helpful if individuals wishing to submit written evidence send their contact details in a covering letter. You should be aware that there may be circumstances in which the House of Commons will be required to communicate information to third parties on request, in order to comply with its obligations under the Freedom of Information Act 2000.


text:
8th Grade GTT Class DescriptionAutomation & Robotics
Automation and Robotics (AR) allows students to trace the history, development, and influence of automation and robotics as they learn about mechanical systems, energy transfer, machine automation, and computer control systems. Students use the VEX Robotics® platform to design, build, and program real-world objects such as traffic lights, toll booths, and robotic arms.7th Grade GTT Class DescriptionMedical Detectives
Students explore the biomedical sciences through hands-on projects and labs that require the students to solve a variety of medical mysteries. Students investigate medical careers, vital signs, diagnosis and treatment of diseases, as well as human body systems such as the nervous system. Genetic testing for hereditary diseases and DNA crime scene analysis put the students in the place of real life medical detectives.
6th Grade GTT ClassFlight & Space
The exciting world of aerospace comes alive through the Flight and Space (FS) unit. Students become engineers as they design, prototype, and test models to learn about the science of flight and what it takes to travel and live in space. They solve real-world aviation and space challenges and plan a mission to Mars.
All Classes (6th Grade - 8th grade) discover the design process and develop an understanding of the influence of creativity and innovation in their lives. Students will work in teams to find innovative solutions to problems as we explore Design and Modeling (DM).


text:
Mines other than anti-personnel mines (MOTAPM)
What are MOTAPM?
Mines other than anti-personnel mines (MOTAPM) refers to anti-vehicle mines. Unlike anti-personnel mines, this type of mine is activated by a vehicle driving over it, rather than a person stepping on it. MOTAPM includes anti-tank mines.
Background on MOTAPM within the CCW
The issue of MOTAPM prior and during the Second Review Conference
Humanitarian concerns related to MOTAPM had been raised during the negotiations of the Convention of Protocol II in the 1970s, but with limited consideration. MOTAPM were part of the negotiations on Amended Protocol II during the First CCW Review Conference in _PHONE_. At the time, efforts were focused on addressing the significant humanitarian impact of anti-personnel landmines. For this reason, Amended Protocol II includes specific restrictions on the employment of anti-personnel mines and only general provisions concerning restrictions on the use of all types of mines.
At the Preparatory Committee for the Second Review Conference in 2000-2001, Denmark and the United States of America tabled an official proposal for a new Protocol on MOTAPM. Due to persistent divergent views, the December 2001 Second Review Conference did not adopt a new Protocol on MOTAPM, and instead decided to create an open-ended Group of Governmental Experts (GGE) to address the issue.
Period between the Second and Third Review Conferences, 2001 to 2006
During this period, various international organizations and non-governmental organizations continued to emphasize the importance of agreeing on a legally binding instrument on MOTAPM. For example, a July 2002 report by the ICRC called for additional measures namely "requiring that all AV mines should be detectable and equipped with either self-destruct or self-neutralization features as well as requiring that remotely delivered AV mines contain self-destruct or self-neutralization features."
New ideas were brought forward for the development of more effective controls over MOTAPM, which included: MOTAPM with sensitive fuses; MOTAPM with anti-handling devices; MOTAPM laid outside marked and fenced areas; warnings to civilians; the use of MOTAPM by non-state actors; transfers; transparency and confidence-building measures; and international cooperation and assistance.
A new Protocol on MOTAPM incorporated all additional proposals and was co-sponsored by 31 states. However, despite efforts made by the GGE on MOTAPM between 2001 and 2006, it was not possible to eliminate differences, specifically with regard to issues of detectability and active life.
The Third Review Conference of the CCW could not agree on a new protocol containing legally binding rules with regard to MOTAPM. Rather, the States Parties decided to maintain the issue of MOTAPM on the agendas of annual Meetings of the States Parties to the CCW.
Due to the concerns regarding the humanitarian impact of MOTAPM, several CCW States Parties committed politically in a special declaration their intention to take the necessary steps to adopt as a matter of national policy the practices that were developed in the draft Protocol on MOTAPM. These states declared: "if circumstances change in the future, and it appears possible that consensus may be achieved on a protocol on anti-vehicle mines…they would join other governments in renewed efforts to adopt such a protocol, building on the work done on this subject over the last five years by the CCW coordinators."
Report of the 2012 Meeting of Experts on Mines Other Than Anti-Personnel Mines (MOTAPM)
The Fourth Review Conference High Contracting Parties decided:
To discuss further the implementation of international humanitarian law as it pertains to mines other than anti-personnel mines, and to submit a report to the 2012 Meeting of the High Contracting Parties to the Convention.
The 2012 Meeting of Experts discussed the following issues: current status of international humanitarian law on MOTAPM; measures taken by States and existing international humanitarian law (IHL); humanitarian impact of MOTAPM use; National policies on the use of MOTAPM; possible measures to address the humanitarian impact of MOTAPM use.
In past CCW discussions and during the 2012 Meeting of Experts, the requirement for MOTAPM to be detectable was a key issue. One of the major problems is that undetectable MOTAPM create considerable difficulties and costs for clearance operations, which in turn can drastically slow down or halt the delivery of humanitarian aid and movement in an area. However, the argument against detectability is that the financial costs of making MOTAPM detectable are prohibitive and the military utility of non-detectable MOTAPM much too valuable to forgo. Another crucial issue was reducing the active life of MOTAPM through self-destruct, self-neutralisation and self-deactivation devices. Other issues focused on the protection of civilians through perimeter marked areas; monitoring and security of minefields containing MOTAPM; addressing sensitive fuses and anti-handling devices; victim assistance; and cooperation and assistance.
The MOTAPM Meeting of Experts as required by its mandate submitted a report to the Meeting of High Contracting Parties to the CCW, which took place from 15 to 16 November 2012. Although the CCW Meeting "welcomed the Report of the Meeting of Experts on MOTAPM and expressed its appreciation for the work carried out by Colonel Jim Burke of Ireland for his role as Friend of the Chair on MOTAPM", the Experts were unable reach agreement on further work on this matter. Instead MOTAPM will be on the agenda for the 2013 Meeting of High Contracting Parties.
High level statements on MOTAPM
At the beginning of the 2012 Meeting of the High Contracting Parties to the CCW, the United Nations Secretary General, Mr. Ban Ki-moon stated:
"First, in my last report to the Security Council on the protection of civilians in armed conflict, I welcomed the work carried out on anti-vehicle mines this year under the aegis of the Convention. I strongly urge High Contracting Parties to continue to explore all possible avenues for ensuring that these weapons no longer harm civilians, impede the delivery of humanitarian aid or obstruct social and economic development. In doing so, I encourage Parties to consider the views and field experiences of United Nations entities."
The Report of the Secretary-General on the protection of civilians in armed conflict is attached here
is an article on MOTAPM by the Director-General of the United Nations Office at Geneva, Mr. Kassym-Jomart Takoyev.
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text:
Get this fact know today that an animal can live without food longer than it can live without water. In a laying flock, a shortage of water for just a few hours can result in reduced eggs production, so clean water should be available at all times. If you do not use automatic waterers, fill the drinkers twice a day or as many as possible to make sure that they have access to water always.
Because If the drinkers are filled only in the morning, birds can run out of water by midday. And a laying hen drinks about 25% of her daily water intake during the last two hours of daylight. So be vigilant.
"Do you know water plays an important role in the body of an animal. Water softens feed and carries it through the digestive tract. As a component of blood (90% of blood content), water carries nutrients from the digestive tract to cells and carries away waste products. Water also helps cool the bird through evaporation. (Birds do not have sweat glands, so their heat loss occurs in the air sacs and lungs through rapid respiration.)"
A baby chick is composed of about 80% water. Even though this percentage decreases as a bird gets older, the need for water remains. There is no precise quantity requirement for water because there are several factors that affect the amount of water a bird needs: age, body condition, diet, temperature, water quality, and humidity. As a rule of thumb, poultry consume twice as much water as feed… So don't jokes with WATER..
What is Importance of Water in Poultry production this article written by Ogunlana Adetayo Johnson, Studied Animal science at University of Ibadan.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Tinkertrons: Make Artificial Neurons For Robots
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Picture of Tinkertrons: Make Artificial Neurons For Robots
Tinkertrons are an attempt to make a cross between a circuit board and a bread board--a kind of universal circuit. These plug and play circuits are designed to be easily assembled and interfaced like tinker toys. They are designed to be easy to rearrange and interconnect. Any Tinkertron can communicate with any other Tinkertron in several ways and the interface allows for parallel processing.
The goal is to create a crude approximation of living neurons and to discover a neural network that is more effective than standard circuits and the standard programming used to control robots.
Pic 2 shows the first real world test of a soft robot arm that is controlled by robot neurons. To see a video and instructable on the robot you can go here:
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Step 1: Tinkertron Neural Network
Picture of Tinkertron Neural Network
Step 1 pic shows a diagram of the Tinkertron neural network. The illustration was made using an excellent free program called Scheme-It. Available from Digi-Key:
The Tinkertron schematics were also made with this program.
Robot Neurons
Robot neurons can communicate with each other by serial or I2C protocols. They each have infrared LED's which can signal their status to the programmer or to other neurons with receivers. They also have any available input/output pins connected to header sockets which can be used to directly connect to any other neurons with 24 gauge wire.
Types of Neurons
At this point there are three main types of Tinkertron neurons:
1. Sensor neurons that interface with different sensors such as switches, compasses, infrared sensors, etc.
2. Master neurons that poll sensors, decide on responses and tell the actuator neurons what sequences of outputs to activate.
3. Activator neurons are all different. Each is designed to activate a stepper motor, regular motor, servo, LED's, or other device. They receive serial commands and do whatever the master neurons tell them to.
Additional Circuits
Each neuron has four header sockets at a diagonal that are used to program the Picaxe processors. Additional circuits such as memory, display, infrared receivers, or others, can be attached here.
u9712 months ago
Would like to make a couple of these at some point,awesome idea and easy to follow designs.
Amazing concept, do you have a schematic for the actuator neuron? It seems like those are two 18x picaxes on there.
fretted2 years ago
If it was air conditioning or plumbing i could do it but these schematics scare me lol
replace valves with transistors, little diameter pipes with resistors and surge tanks with capacitors, and you're half way there :)
im37332 years ago
Hmm... If one was to build enough of these to be able to teach the robot to build more... assuming it had enough resources, I wonder how long it would take for it to either A) reach the functional capacity this design can support (likely due to attenuation from the wires), or B) gain sentience.
budhaztm im37332 years ago
Interesting question. And how long until terminator?
Or, more disturbingly, Replicators...
Yes, but which would be more disturbing, Pegasus Replicators or Milky Way Replicators? In any case, so long as we 1, leave out all agression programming (meaning don't try to make them weapons) and 2, don't piss off the AI they view as "mom", I think we'll be ok.
Realistically speaking using an AI program to have conversations combined with a humanoid robot such as the ASIMO is possible. However there are complications with the'sentience' part.
Using a few instructables from this site and innovative thinking it is possible to use human motion fed into AI program to a humanoid robot and mimic the movements to become its own. this theoretically can help get a robot standing again if it falls over or prevent it from falling in the first place.
this is a good link for the idea of moving and mimic. all you have to do is wear a suit with movment and flex sensors
if you use the neurons from this instructable and replicate muscles from!/
it entirely possible to make a human like arm too mimic human movment. however compressed air could be a difficulty it could be converted to using distilled water and a pumps.
you can create synthetic 'feelers' or a skin around your humanoid robot as well as temptature sensors. plug the receptors into the neuron chips and you could even put in a bypass in case it touches a spike in temptature to react with out signals having to go to the main processing unit. (kind of like the human reflex.)
all of these together could get you somewhere close to your terminator all you have to do is program a goal for it to complete.
So to answer your question budhaztm, it is getting closer.
Mr.Stein2 years ago
This is a great idea. I attached a schematic for a power module.
mikey77 (author) Mr.Stein2 years ago
Thank you for your contribution.
I do not understand why you used a.sch file which I and most people don't know how to open without a special program.
If you sincerely want to share, you could simply post a JPEG.
iceng2 years ago
Lots of work goes into this..... . . . A
marc.cryan2 years ago


Hardware Acceleration of CBIR System with FPGA-Based Platform
Hardware Acceleration of CBIR System with FPGA-Based Platform
Veronica Gil-Costa (Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Argentina), Romina Soledad Molina (Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Argentina), Ricardo Petrino (Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Argentina), Carlos Federico Sosa Paez (Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Argentina), A. Marcela Printista (Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Argentina) and Julio Daniel Dondo Gazzano (University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0299-9.ch007
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Abstract
Typical applications involving image retrieval processes demand a great amount of computation. The visual content of the images is extracted and represented by means of descriptor vectors of multidimensional characteristics. The image retrieval process consists of two tasks: (1) generation of database and indexing; and (2) the search process. The first task involves the construction of descriptor vectors. Then, an index is built upon the database to speed the search process. The second requires calculating a descriptor vector for the query image and computes the similarity search with the ones stored in the index. In this context, it is relevant to devise new algorithms and different parallel platforms that can reduce execution times. In particular, this work focuses on platforms with FPGAs based SoCs to present and evaluate a two stage system where the index is constructed off-line and the similarity search is executed on-line. Results show that the FPGA is 73% faster than a 2 Quad CPU to compute the descriptor vector of an image when using the Color Layout Descriptor of MPEG-7.
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Introduction
With the increasing growth of data new applications are developed which demand the use of data more complex than plain-text. Metric spaces have proven to be useful and practical for performing similarity search on very-large collections of complex objects. In this case, queries are objects of the same type of those stored in the database where, for example, one is interested in retrieving the k most similar objects to a given query. The similarity between any two objects is calculated by an application-dependent distance function, which is usually expensive to compute. For complex objects, like fingerprints or biologic components such as DNA and proteins, some authors claim that the distance function is even more expensive than plain disk accesses (Zezula et al., 2006).
Applications of image retrieval based on visual content are also known as Content based Image Retrieval systems (CBIR). CBIR systems can be modeled with metric spaces and imply basically two operations: a) visual descriptor calculations to characterize and describe the content of a query image and database images (the characteristic or descriptor vectors); and b) the similarity measure to select candidate images from the database (for the search process).
To describe the content of an image, at least one descriptor must be extracted from it. The color layout descriptor (CLD) of the MPEG-7 standard (Schafer, 1998), is widely used in the technical literature as a visual descriptor. It is an effective description for sketch-based retrieval, content filtering using image indexing, and visualization. When the CLD is used to represent an image, the first operation executed in a CBIR system involves different tasks like partitioning the image, computing expensive functions like the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and changing the color space among others. Intra-query or intra-image parallelism is achieved when some of these tasks are executed in parallel, e.g. changing the color space requires computing three descriptor vectors which can be done in parallel for a single image. Moreover, inter-query or inter-image parallelism is also introduced when multiple images are processed to speed-up both the descriptor vectors construction and the similarity search process.
CBIR systems are used to implement images indexing and retrieval, widely used in bioscience, real-time content delivery systems such as security video cameras in an airport or biometric systems used in police control points, where it is critical to deal efficiently with streams of queries rather than with single queries and to reduce running time. Additionally, the operations executed by a CBIR system can significantly affect the performance of these systems as more images are added to the database because it invariably ends in longer response times. In that point, it is important to find efficient retrieval software and effective technologies to provide rapid query processing and hence High Performance Computing is required (HPC). In this regard, new technologies to support the development of embedded systems have been developed in the last decades offering very interesting characteristics such as low power consumption, parallel processing capacity, and reconfigurability, just to name a few of them. Programmable Logic Devices such FPGAs and Graphics Processing Units (GPU) are components that offer interesting and diverse characteristics from traditional CPU and whose integration into new computational model is a very interesting and challenging research field.
FPGAs were introduced by Ratha and Jain (1999) in computer vision applications as good candidates for HPC. FPGAs are inherently parallel devices that implement the required logic for a specific design building separated blocks in hardware for each function. They are also configurable devices that permit the hardware to be programmed multiple times after manufacture. The incorporation of programmable logic has been facilitated with the development of high level synthesis tools such as Catapult-C from Mentor Graphics, Vivado HLS from Xilinx, or Synphony from Synopsys. Moreover, successive Top500 lists have shown that machines that placed some hardware co-processor devices can provide significant improvement to many high performance applications.
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text:
Write a java program that prompts the user in the Java console (using Scanner) or in a Dialog Box (using JOptionPane.showInputDialog)for their gender, age, and name. The program should use this information to instantiate(construct) a Person object using the Person class as template : Person.java
The program should suggest a pet based on the Person's gender and age. You will need to use if else if statements. Make sure when displaying the Person's name in the output to call the getName() method for the Person Object you created.


text:
If you're planning to upgrade your garage walls, using plywood can be a practical and versatile choice.
Plywood is known for its strength, durability, and affordability, making it a popular material for various construction and woodworking projects.
Not all plywood is suitable for every application. In this article, we will explore the different types of plywood available in the market and help you determine the best option for your garage walls.
You may also like:
Plywood is an engineered wood product composed of thin layers of wood veneers glued together.
These veneers are stacked with their grain directions alternating, resulting in a strong and stable panel.
The quality and properties of plywood can vary depending on the type of wood used, adhesive quality, and manufacturing process.
Requirements for Garage Walls
Garage walls face unique requirements compared to the interior or exterior walls of a house.
They must withstand potential impacts, moisture, and temperature fluctuations. The plywood used for garage walls should be able to support shelves, hooks, and other storage systems.
With these considerations in mind, let's explore the different types of plywood commonly used for garage walls.
Common Types of Plywood
1. CDX Plywood
CDX plywood is one of the most widely available and commonly used types of plywood in construction. It is made from softwood veneers and has a rough surface.
CDX plywood offers good structural strength, making it suitable for various applications.
It has limited moisture resistance, which makes it less ideal for garage walls or other areas prone to high humidity.
2. ACX Plywood
ACX plywood, also known as A-C exterior plywood, is an upgrade from CDX plywood. It features a smoother surface and a better appearance.
ACX plywood is often chosen for applications where aesthetics matter, such as furniture or cabinetry. It also provides improved moisture resistance, making it more suitable for outdoor projects or areas exposed to moisture.
3. T1-11 Plywood
T1-11 plywood is primarily used as a siding material, but it can also be employed for garage walls with proper precautions.
It offers a rustic and textured look, resembling vertical planks with grooved patterns. T1-11 plywood can add visual interest to your garage walls, but it requires adequate sealing and protection against moisture to prevent damage.
4. Marine-Grade Plywood
Marine-grade plywood is specifically designed to withstand water and moisture exposure. It is constructed using waterproof glue and high-quality veneers, making it highly resistant to rot and delamination.
Marine-grade plywood is an excellent choice for projects that require enhanced moisture resistance, such as boat construction, outdoor furniture, or bathroom installations. It tends to be more expensive than other types of plywood.
5. Fire-Rated Plywood
Fire-rated plywood is treated with special chemicals to resist fire and meet fire safety standards.
While it may not be a requirement for garage walls, choosing fire-rated plywood can provide an additional layer of protection and peace of mind, especially for garages attached to living spaces or located in areas with strict fire regulations.
6. Oriented Strand Board (OSB)
Oriented Strand Board, or OSB, is an alternative to plywood that consists of pressed wood strands and adhesive. It is widely available and relatively affordable.
OSB is more susceptible to moisture damage compared to plywood. It is essential to properly protect and seal OSB if used for garage walls or areas exposed to moisture.
Comparing Plywood Types: Best Features, Pros, and Cons
|Plywood Type||Best Features||Pros||Cons|
|CDX Plywood||Good structural strength||Widely available and affordable||Limited moisture resistance|
|ACX Plywood||Smooth surface, suitable for aesthetics||Resistant to moisture and outdoor exposure||Relatively higher cost compared to CDX plywood|
|T1-11 Plywood||A rustic, textured look||Versatile, can be used for exterior siding and garage walls||Requires proper sealing and protection against moisture|
|Marine-Grade Plywood||Waterproof glue, superior moisture resistance||Excellent durability in wet conditions||Higher cost compared to other plywood types|
|Fire-Rated Plywood||Fire-resistant treatment||Provides additional fire protection||May not be necessary for all garage wall applications|
|Oriented Strand Board (OSB)||Affordable and readily available||Easy to work with and cut||Prone to moisture damage if not properly protected|
Selecting the Best Plywood for Garage Walls
When choosing the best plywood for garage walls, several factors should be considered:
1. Durability and Strength
Garage walls should be able to withstand impacts and support heavy items. Therefore, opt for plywood with good structural strength, such as CDX or ACX plywood.
2. Moisture Resistance
Garages are prone to moisture, especially in humid or coastal areas. Select plywood with adequate moisture resistance, such as marine-grade plywood, to prevent warping, rot, and mold growth.
3. Budget Considerations
Consider your budget when selecting plywood. While marine-grade plywood offers excellent performance, it may be more expensive than other options. Find a balance between quality and cost that suits your requirements.
4. Aesthetics and Finishing Options
If the appearance of your garage walls is important to you, choose plywood with a smooth surface, such as ACX plywood. It provides a cleaner look and can be painted or stained to match your desired aesthetic.
Installation Tips for Garage Wall Plywood
Installing plywood for garage walls requires proper planning and execution. Here are some tips to ensure a successful installation:
- Measure the walls accurately to determine the required plywood dimensions.
- Use appropriate safety equipment, such as gloves and goggles, during the installation process.
- Secure the plywood panels to the studs using suitable fasteners, such as screws or nails.
- Leave a small gap between panels to accommodate expansion and contraction.
- Apply a protective finish or sealant to enhance moisture resistance and durability.
Choosing the right plywood for your garage walls is crucial for long-term performance and durability. Consider factors such as moisture resistance, strength, aesthetics, and budget when making your selection.
By opting for the appropriate type of plywood and following proper installation and maintenance practices, you can create garage walls that are not only functional but also visually appealing.


1
I would like to convert a column in a spreadsheet from a double to a string so I can join the data with a shp file. What is the easiest way to do it?
5
To do this in ArcGIS:
 - Import spreadsheet to Geodatabase (Import Table)
 - Add a new field to table (change type to text)
 - Open ArcMap and add table to TOC
 - Right click on the new field's column header and select "Field Calculator"
 - Scroll down the field list to find your "double" source field
 - double click the field (should appear in the bottom pane)
 - click OK to populate column with values
I am suggesting to do this in ArcGIS because I think you want to use this field as a "join"? If so, add the shapefile to ArcMap, right click on the layer and select "Joins and Relates".
| improve this answer | |
7
Usually it suffices to force the field value in the first data row to be a string, for then the software is obliged to treat the entire column as string data. An easy way is to insert a single quote (') mark at the beginning of the value.
| improve this answer | |
 - 1
 by far the easiest solution. I wish there were a way to force other data types in the same manner. – Brad Nesom May 18 '11 at 13:51
 - @Brad You can usually do so by formatting columns (although whether ArcGIS will recognize this formatting information is another matter). For detailed instructions (and the reasons behind them) see my page at quantdec.com/SYSEN597/GTKAV/section4/chapter_15a.htm#Recipe . – whuber May 18 '11 at 14:30
1
Use ArcCatalog. Create a GDB, import the table (single) into it. Below in the fields you can right click on the field you want to change to STRING, and simply change the type to STRING for that field.
(*it seems that this may only work if the field is empty)
| improve this answer | |
0
You can use the CONCATENATE function (if using Excel) to form a single quoted string.
e.g.: =CONCATENATE("'",A1,"'")
where this formula refers to the first row, and can be copied to other rows as well.
| improve this answer | |
0
Microsoft has a page dedicated to this with a range of solutions:
_URL_
| improve this answer | |
 - This page seems to do the reverse of what is wanted: it shows how to convert text to numbers. – whuber May 18 '11 at 14:30
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Political Financing Handbook for Leadership Contestants and Financial Agents (EC 20195) – January 2022
This chapter explains the rules and procedures for accepting and sending transfers. It covers the following topics:
- What is a transfer?
- Transfers sent to the leadership contestant
- Transfers sent by the leadership contestant
- Party memberships purchased by the leadership contestant's campaign
- Irregular transfers
What is a transfer?
A transfer is a provision of funds, property or services between specified political entities of the same political affiliation. Where specifically permitted under the Canada Elections Act, a transfer is not considered to be a contribution, and contribution rules therefore do not apply.
|Monetary transfer||Non-monetary transfer|
|A monetary transfer is a transfer of funds.||A non-monetary transfer is a transfer of property or services. The amount of a non-monetary transfer is the commercial value of the property or service.
Unlike non-monetary contributions from individuals not in the business of providing that property or service, a non-monetary transfer has to be reported even if its commercial value is $200 or less.
Transfers are permitted only between related political entities (registered party, electoral district association, candidate and leadership or nomination contestant) of the same political affiliation.
However, not all types of entities are authorized to provide all types of transfers. For a quick reference guide to eligible and ineligible transfers, see the Transfers—types and rules table in Chapter 1, Reference Tables and Timelines.
Note: If an invoice requiring payment is prepared by one political entity and sent to its related political entity, together with the original supplier invoice representing the commercial value of the goods or services provided, this is not a transfer but a sale of goods or services from one entity to another.
Transfers sent to the leadership contestant's campaign
Only the financial agent or leadership campaign agents can accept transfers on the campaign's behalf. The following transfers may be accepted by the leadership contestant's campaign:
- property or services from the registered party or from any registered association of the registered party, as long as it is offered equally to all contestants
- funds in the form of directed contributions from the registered party
The registered party creates a web page on its site for each leadership contestant for use during the contest period. The commercial value of creating the web pages is $150 per contestant. The party sends each contestant a copy of the original supplier invoice for $150 and reports a non-monetary transfer of $150 to each contestant. Each contestant reports a non-monetary transfer from the party and a leadership contest expense of $150.
Note: Transfers may not be accepted from provincial parties or electoral district associations of provincial parties. Transfers from a registered provincial division of a federal registered party are considered transfers from the registered party.
Transfers sent by the leadership contestant's campaign
Only the financial agent or leadership campaign agents can send transfers on the campaign's behalf.
The following transfers may be sent by the leadership contestant's campaign:
- funds to the registered party
- funds to a registered association of the party
After contest day, the financial agent pays all campaign expenses and calculates $3,000 in surplus funds. The financial agent transfers $3,000 to a registered association of the party to dispose of the surplus.
Party memberships purchased by the leadership contestant's campaign
Voting in a leadership contest is generally restricted to party members. For this reason, a leadership contestant's campaign will sometimes buy party memberships for its supporters. This is not prohibited by the Canada Elections Act. When a leadership campaign pays for memberships, the payment is recorded as a transfer to the registered party.
More commonly, a campaign will collect party membership fees from individuals, deposit the funds into its bank account and then send the funds to the registered party. This transaction is also a transfer. If the membership fee is no more than $25 per year for a period of no more than five years, the individuals have not made contributions and the registered party does not need additional information from the campaign. Above those thresholds, the campaign will need to provide the registered party with details to record contributions from the individuals.
Note: Some registered parties have internal rules that prohibit contestants from buying memberships for supporters. Campaigns should be aware of the rules that apply to their contest.
When the leadership contestant's campaign sends or accepts a transfer that is not permitted under the Canada Elections Act, the consequences will depend on the sender, recipient and transfer type.
The tables below deal with irregular transfers between affiliated political entities only.
|Recipient of irregular transfer sent by leadership contestant||Transfer type||Consequence|
|Candidate||Monetary||Improper surplus disposal with offence for sender; not a contribution|
|Candidate||Non-monetary||If capital asset, improper surplus disposal with offence for sender; not a contribution*|
|Non-monetary||If capital asset, improper surplus disposal with offence for sender; not a contribution*|
*Remaining non-capital assets or services can be provided to the candidate, association or party, but they must either be sold to that political entity or contributed by the contestant as a personal non-monetary contribution.
After contest day, the leadership contestant's campaign gives tablets it had purchased for $300 each to the registered association in the contestant's riding. This is not an allowable transfer. It is an improper disposal of surplus by the contestant that will need to be corrected. To properly dispose of the tablets, which are capital assets, the campaign should have sold the tablets at fair market value and transferred the proceeds of the sale to the association or party.
|Sender of irregular transfer accepted by leadership contestant||Transfer type||Consequence|
|Monetary||Prohibited transfer with offences for sender and recipient; not a contribution|
|Non-monetary, not offered equally to all contestants||Prohibited transfer with offence for sender; not a contribution|
*If the transfer is non-monetary and the candidate offered it equally to all contestants, it is not a contribution. It may be an improper surplus disposal.
A leadership contestant's campaign accepts funds from another campaign whose contestant plans to withdraw. This is not an allowable transfer. It is an illegal contribution. Within 30 days of becoming aware of the contravention, the financial agent must return the contribution to the sender (if unused) or remit the amount to Elections Canada.
For a detailed discussion of this topic, please refer to Elections Canada's interpretation note 2020-07, Irregular Transfers Between Affiliated Political Entities, on the Elections Canada website.


1. WeatherSpark.com
 2. France
 3. Pays de la Loire
 4. Le Mans
 5. December
Average Weather in December in Le Mans France
Daily high temperatures decrease by 2°F, from 48°F to 46°F, rarely falling below 34°F or exceeding 57°F.
Daily low temperatures are around 37°F, rarely falling below 24°F or exceeding 48°F.
For reference, on July 30, the hottest day of the year, temperatures in Le Mans typically range from 58°F to 78°F, while on February 8, the coldest day of the year, they range from 35°F to 47°F.
Average High and Low Temperature in December
The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures.
The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the hourly average temperatures for the quarter of the year centered on December. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.
Average Hourly Temperature in December
Average Hourly Temperature in December in Le Mans18152229112233445566778899101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030313112 AM4 AM8 AM12 PM4 PM8 PM12 AMNovJanvery coldcoldcoldcool
frigid 15°F freezing 32°F very cold 45°F cold 55°F cool 65°F comfortable 75°F warm 85°F hot 95°F sweltering
The average hourly temperature, color coded into bands. The shaded overlays indicate night and civil twilight.
Fairwood, Washington, United States (4,996 miles away) is the far-away foreign place with temperatures most similar to Le Mans (view comparison).
Clouds
The month of December in Le Mans experiences gradually increasing cloud cover, with the percentage of time that the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy increasing from 67% to 73%.
The clearest day of the month is December 1, with clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy conditions 33% of the time.
For reference, on January 4, the cloudiest day of the year, the chance of overcast or mostly cloudy conditions is 74%, while on July 24, the clearest day of the year, the chance of clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy skies is 64%.
Cloud Cover Categories in December
Cloud Cover Categories in December in Le Mans1815222911223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310%100%10%90%20%80%30%70%40%60%50%50%60%40%70%30%80%20%90%10%100%0%NovJanDec 133%Dec 133%Dec 3127%Dec 3127%Dec 1131%Dec 1131%Dec 2130%Dec 2130%clearmostly clearpartly cloudymostly cloudyovercast
0% clear 20% mostly clear 40% partly cloudy 60% mostly cloudy 80% overcast 100%
The percentage of time spent in each cloud cover band, categorized by the percentage of the sky covered by clouds.
Precipitation
A wet day is one with at least 0.04 inches of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. In Le Mans, the chance of a wet day over the course of December is increasing, starting the month at 27% and ending it at 32%.
For reference, the year's highest daily chance of a wet day is 32% on December 30, and its lowest chance is 17% on August 24.
Over the course of December in Le Mans, the chance of a day with only rain increases from 26% to 30%, the chance of a day with mixed snow and rain remains an essentially constant 1% throughout, and the chance of a day with only snow remains an essentially constant 0% throughout.
Probability of Precipitation in December
The percentage of days in which various types of precipitation are observed, excluding trace quantities: rain alone, snow alone, and mixed (both rain and snow fell in the same day).
Rainfall
To show variation within the month and not just the monthly total, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day.
The average sliding 31-day rainfall during December in Le Mans is essentially constant, remaining about 2.0 inches throughout, and rarely exceeding 3.6 inches or falling below 0.6 inches.
The highest average 31-day accumulation is 2.1 inches on December 27.
Average Monthly Rainfall in December
The average rainfall (solid line) accumulated over the course of a sliding 31-day period centered on the day in question, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted line is the corresponding average liquid-equivalent snowfall.
Sun
Over the course of December in Le Mans, the length of the day is essentially constant. The shortest day of the month is December 22, with 8 hours, 22 minutes of daylight and the longest day is December 1, with 8 hours, 41 minutes of daylight.
Hours of Daylight and Twilight in December
Hours of Daylight and Twilight in December in Le Mans1815222911223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310 hr24 hr4 hr20 hr8 hr16 hr12 hr12 hr16 hr8 hr20 hr4 hr24 hr0 hrNovJanDec 228 hr, 22 minDec 228 hr, 22 minnightnightdaydayDec 18 hr, 41 minDec 18 hr, 41 min
The number of hours during which the Sun is visible (black line). From bottom (most yellow) to top (most gray), the color bands indicate: full daylight, twilight (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and full night.
The earliest sunrise of the month in Le Mans is 8:27 AM on December 1 and the latest sunrise is 22 minutes later at 8:49 AM on December 31.
The earliest sunset is 5:05 PM on December 11 and the latest sunset is 9 minutes later at 5:15 PM on December 31.
Daylight saving time is observed in Le Mans during 2019, but it neither starts nor ends during December, so the entire month is in standard time.
For reference, on June 21, the longest day of the year, the Sun rises at 5:59 AM and sets 16 hours, 3 minutes later, at 10:02 PM, while on December 22, the shortest day of the year, it rises at 8:46 AM and sets 8 hours, 22 minutes later, at 5:08 PM.
Sunrise & Sunset with Twilight in December
The solar day over the course of December. From bottom to top, the black lines are the previous solar midnight, sunrise, solar noon, sunset, and the next solar midnight. The day, twilights (civil, nautical, and astronomical), and night are indicated by the color bands from yellow to gray.
Humidity
We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.
The chance that a given day will be muggy in Le Mans is essentially constant during December, remaining around 0% throughout.
For reference, on August 3, the muggiest day of the year, there are muggy conditions 5% of the time, while on January 1, the least muggy day of the year, there are muggy conditions 0% of the time.
Humidity Comfort Levels in December
dry 55°F comfortable 60°F humid 65°F muggy 70°F oppressive 75°F miserable
The percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels, categorized by dew point.
Wind
This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 meters above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.
The average hourly wind speed in Le Mans is gradually increasing during December, increasing from 10.5 miles per hour to 11.2 miles per hour over the course of the month.
For reference, on January 16, the windiest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 11.4 miles per hour, while on August 5, the calmest day of the year, the daily average wind speed is 8.3 miles per hour.
Average Wind Speed in December
The average of mean hourly wind speeds (dark gray line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands.
The hourly average wind direction in Le Mans throughout December is predominantly from the south, with a peak proportion of 36% on December 30.
Wind Direction in December
Wind Direction in December in Le Mans1815222911223344556677889910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031310%100%20%80%40%60%60%40%80%20%100%0%NovJanwestsoutheastnorth
northeastsouthwest
The percentage of hours in which the mean wind direction is from each of the four cardinal wind directions, excluding hours in which the mean wind speed is less than 1.0 mph. The lightly tinted areas at the boundaries are the percentage of hours spent in the implied intermediate directions (northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest).
Growing Season
Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 32°F) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from July 1 until June 30 in the Southern Hemisphere).
The growing season in Le Mans typically lasts for 6.9 months (210 days), from around April 10 to around November 7, rarely starting before March 16 or after April 29, and rarely ending before October 16 or after


Michael Jones Michael Jones - 1 year ago 62
Javascript Question
Meaning of Lazy Evaluation in Javascript
in the Boilerplate I am using for a React Redux project I came across this comment in the code:
This is a thunk, meaning it is a function that immediately returns a
function for lazy evaluation. It is incredibly useful for creating
async actions, especially when combined with redux-thunk!
Now, if I understand this correctly, lazy evaluation is the process of returning a function. What is the purpose of returning a function though, and how is this great for creating async actions?
Oh also, is a thunk just a function?
Answer Source
A thunk is a function that takes no arguments and returns something (or does something as a side effect). Lazy evaluation is the process of deferring the evaluation of an expression until later, and this can be done with thunks:
// Not lazy
var value = 1 + 1 // immediately evaluates to 2
// Lazy
var lazyValue = () => 1 + 1 // Evaluates to 2 when lazyValue is *invoked*
You can also make return values lazy:
// Not lazy
var add = (x, y) => x + y
var result = add(1, 2) // Immediately evaluates to 3
// Lazy
var addLazy = (x, y) => () => x + y;
var result = addLazy(1, 2) // Returns a thunk which *when evaluated* results in 3.
Finally we can defer some asynchronous action:
// Not lazy
var callApi = spec => fetch(spec.url, spec.options);
// Immediately returns a Promise which will be fulfilled when the network response is processed.
var result = callApi({url: '/api', options: {}});
// Lazy
var callApiLazy = spec => () => fetch(spec.url, spec.options);
var result = callApiLazy({url: '/api', options: {}});
// result is a thunk that when evaluated will return a Promise ...
// which will be fulfilled when the network response is processed.
Now a thunk does not have to take zero arguments - you could return a lazy value that requires more arguments to successfully evaluate. This is properly known as "currying":
// Curried add (not lazy)
var add = x => y => x + y
var add3 = add(3)
var result = add3(7) // Immediately evaluates to 10
redux-thunk lets you return functions, rather than objects, as actions and invokes your function with a dispatch function. You can then lazily produce an action (or actions) either synchronously or asynchronously. Most of the time, you would want to use this to allow you to dispatch asynchronously.
See also:


text:
Use of Force-Policy and Training Considerations
The law enforcement community has been scrutinized and criticized on a regular basis for incidents involving use of force. Perhaps part of the lack of understanding on police use of force comes from the fact that most people get their perspective on police use of force from television. The reality of police use of force is that it is not the pretty picture that Hollywood creates.
From a policy perspective many agencies nationally are beginning to do away with the term "use of force" in terms of policy and reporting. New terminology emphasizes the defensive nature of police use of force. The term, "Response to Resistance" is beginning to appear on agency policies that were once labeled "use of force.
The term "Response to Resistance" may seem like semantics at first glance, however when one considers how officers view their conduct, benefits can be found in this terminology.
The single most important case on police use of force is Graham v. Connor, 490 U.S. 386 (1989). In Graham the United States Supreme Court concluded that all uses of force in the course of an arrest will be judged by the Fourth Amendment standard of objective reasonableness. The Court also held that uses of force will be viewed from the perspective of an officer on the scene and without the benefit of 20/20 hindsight.
In determining the reasonableness of a particular use of force the Court announced a three– part test:
How serious is the offense?
Did the suspect pose a threat to the officer or others?
Was the suspect actively resisting or trying to evade arrest?
Reasonableness is determined by the answer to these questions. The more serious the offense the greater the degree of force will be reasonable. If the suspect poses a threat or is actively resisting, more force will be reasonable. The opposite is also true, if the offense is minor, the suspect does not pose a threat and is not actively resisting, force will not be justified.
The term "response to resistance" contemplates the defensive nature of police use of force and at the same time, reminds officers of one of the reasonableness requirements that will be considered by a court in reviewing an officer's actions.
As a practical matter officers should be regularly reminded of the three-part test from Graham. Officers can then consider these factors when deciding what degree of force is justified in a particular set of circumstances.
It is also advisable to consider the three-part test when completing use of force report forms. By reporting in terms of the three-part test, officers will be reminded to articulate the justifications for their use of force in the legal terms by which these acts will be judged.
Use of Force review panels and Internal Affairs investigators would also benefit from analyzing use of force cases in terms of this three-part test. By using the Supreme Court's analysis, consistency will be achieved in these reviews and findings will be consistent with the law as it relates to use of force


text:
No, it costs double to move through a threatened square
This was clarified on the 3.5 FAQ, which the community has mixed opinions about (as seen on this other question):
For example, imagine Ember begins her turn 10 feet from an orc and wants to use Tumble to move through its space and end up 15 feet away on the opposite side.
Her first square of movement wouldn't provoke attacks of opportunity (since she's not leaving a threatened square), so she doesn't use Tumble or move at half speed.
Her second and third squares of movement take her through the orc's space, so these effectively cost twice normal (that is, they each cost 1 extra square of movement), and this movement requires a DC 25 Tumble check. (If you're using this system, it's much easier to think of tumbling as costing extra squares of movement rather than actually changing your speed.) Ember has now paid a total of 5 squares of movement (out of the 8 allotted to her for her speed of 40 feet).
Assuming that check succeeds, Ember now moves from a threatened square (adjacent to the orc), which requires a DC 15 Tumble check and costs twice normal (or 1 extra square of movement). She's now paid a total of 7 squares of movement.
Finally, Ember moves one last square, ending up 15 feet from the orc on the opposite side from where she began. She's not leaving a threatened square, so she doesn't use Tumble or pay any extra movement. Ember has paid for 8 squares (40 feet) of movement, and has covered a linear distance of 5 squares (25 feet).


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Sir Robert StoutArticle Free Pass
Sir Robert Stout, (born Sept. 28, 1844, Lerwick, Shetland Islands, Scot.—died July 19, 1930, Wellington, N.Z.), New Zealand statesman and judge who helped unify the Liberal Party during the late 1870s; as prime minister (1884–87) he worked to expand opportunities for small farmers.
A surveyor and an advocate of radical land reform in Lerwick, Stout emigrated to New Zealand in 1863 after hearing of the Otago gold rush. Finding no work as a surveyor, he became a teacher and then a barrister and solicitor in the Supreme Court (1871). Elected to Parliament as a Liberal (1875), he opposed the abolition of provinces, the leading issue of the time, and gained a national reputation. In 1878 he was named attorney general and minister of lands and immigration under Sir George Grey, in whose ministry he sponsored legislation restructuring secondary schools and helped to draft the first Land Tax Act (1878).
After a five-year period of legal and journalistic pursuits, Stout returned to politics in 1884, serving as premier, attorney general, and later as minister of education. He sponsored legislation that reformed the civil service, reorganized hospitals and charitable institutions, and provided probation for first offenders. The failure of his policies to stave off economic depression led to the downfall of his cabinet in 1887, the year that he was knighted; he then again gave up politics to concentrate on his legal practice until 1893. Although Prime Minister John Ballance preferred that Stout succeed him in 1893, Richard John Seddon gained the post. A member of Parliament from 1893 to 1898, Stout was one of the founders of the Victoria University College, Wellington, in 1897. He retired from politics in 1898, finding opposition to Seddon hopeless.
From 1899 to 1926, Stout served as chief justice and was a member of the legislative council (1926–30). He also acted as chancellor of the University of New Zealand from 1903 to 1923.
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Shipping canals that offer shorter transportation routes are essential for the maritime industry. Even though there are hundreds of them, some of these canals stand out with their traffic capacity and fame. Let's take a look at the 10 famous canals that make life easier.
The White Sea-Baltic Sea Canal
Also known as just the White Sea Canal, this canal was constructed in 1933, by a forced labor of 126,000 people. The official records show that between 12,000 and 25,000 laborers died during the construction.
The length of the canal, that starts from the White Sea in the north and extends to the Baltic Sea down south, is 227 kilometers, of which 48 kilometers are man-made. Since the canal isn't suitable for merchant ships vessels with larger dimensions, it witnesses only light traffic.
Danube-Black Sea Canal
One of the most important canals in western Europe, The Danube–Black Sea Canal runs from Cernavoda, on the Danube river, to Constanta, and Navodari, on the Black Sea. Located in Romania, it is an important part of the European canal system between the North Sea and the Black Sea.
The main branch of the canal has a length of 64.4 kilometers and was completed in 1984. The north branch, also known as the Poarta Alba – Midia Navodari Canal, on the other hand, is 31.2 kilometers in length and was completed three years after the main branch.
The Danube-Black Sea has also historical importance as nearly 20,000 political prisoners worked on its excavation.
Houston Ship Canal
The Houston Ship Channel is located in Houston, Texas, the US. It serves as a passage for ocean-going vessels between Houston-area terminals and the Gulf of Mexico. The 80-kilometer long canal is essential especially for the US as it makes Texas one of the countries' busiest seaports.
It is a widened and deepened natural watercourse created by dredging Buffalo Bayou and Galveston Bay. It has been used since at least 1836.
Even though it has great importance for the area, the canal causes some controversies too. In 2007, the University of Texas released a study suggesting that children living within 2 miles (3.2 km) of the canal were 56% more likely to become sick with leukemia than the national average.
The 98 km-long Kiel Canal, formerly know as Kaiser-Wilhelm Canal, connects the Baltic Sea with the North Sea since its opening in 1895. More than 9,000 workers completed the canal in eight years.
Starting from Brunsbüttel and ending in Kiel, it saves vessels from using a 460 kilometers longer and more unstable route passing from the Jutland peninsula of Denmark.
To be able to use this canal, the length of the ship must be 235.50 meters (772.6 ft) or less; and the maximum width (beam) is 32.50 meters (106.6 ft).
Located in Germany, the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal connects the Main and the Danube rivers, therefore connecting the North Sea and the Atlantic Ocean to the Black Sea. Even though there were many other plans of canals (some being successful) in the location, the canal that is present today was completed in 1992. It is 171 kilometers in length.
The canal has 16 locks. The maximum boat length is 190 meters. The Rhine-Main-Danube Canal is capable of accommodating barges with a capacity of up to 2,425 tons of bulk cargo.
The Volga-Don Canal connects the Russian rivers, Volga and Don, at their closest points. Together with these two famous rivers, the canal provides the most direct navigable connection between the Caspian Sea and the world's oceans via the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea.
The Volga-Don Canal was opened and first used in 1952. The length of the canal is 101 kilometers. It features nine one-chamber canal locks on the Volga slope to raise ships and four locks on the Don slope to lower them.
The Corinth Canal connects the Gulf of Corinth and the Saronic Gulf in the Aegean Sea. Even though its length of 6.4 kilometers isn't that impressive, it's famous for being the deepest canal in the World, with a depth of 8 meters. Another importance of the canal is that it helps vessels sailing around the Pelopennese's dangerous southern capes.
Corinth Canal is very old. The construction began in 1881 and the canal used for the first time in 1893. Although this ancient canal is not that capable to accommodate modern ships, it still serves around 15,000 ships from more than 50 countries.
Famous amongst everybody even if they don't know much about maritime, the Panama Canal is one of the most crucial maritime gateways in the World. Opened in 1914, the canal connects the Pacific and the Atlantic Ocean through a narrow strip that separates the Caribbean Sea from the Pacific.
The 82-kilometer long canal shortens the journey of the vessels by 15,000 kilometers. Since the Pacific and Atlantic oceans are not at the same level, the Panama Canal uses Lock Gates on either side to lift the vessel to the higher level and similarly to drop down to the sea level. Used by 29 major liner services, the Panama Canal salutes almost 15,000 vessels every year.
The Suez Canal is not only as famous as the Panama Canal, but it's also more essential. Opened in 1869, the Suez Canal connects the Mediterranean Sea and the Gulf of Suez. Therefore it provides the shortest maritime route between Europe, the Indian Ocean, and the Western Pacific Ocean.
Located in Egypt, this 193.3 kilometers-long canal is an artificial sea-level passage which is indispensable for the maritime world. It's open at all times and heavily used by the shipping vessels from all countries.
Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal
The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is so long that it is mostly referred to as the Grand Canal only. Originally built in 468 BC, it's the oldest canal in the world. Its length of 1,776 kilometers also makes it the longest canal of all This Chinese canal connects the country's Hai River, Yellow River, Huai River, Yangzi River, and Qiantang River. In short, it connects the north and the south of China. When it reaches the mountains of Shandong, it also reaches a summit of 42 meters. This famous canal is not only essential for China's economy, but it's also registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.


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The jaggery wrapped in a variety of smooth Kenda leaves.
The golden sugar of the kithul palm adds a consumate sweetness to life in Sri Lanka
Words Daleena Samara and Madhawa Nagahawatte Photography Rasika Surasena
Sri Lankans with a sweet tooth will tell you that there is no better sweetener than kithul jaggery. This unrefined sugar, prepared from the treated sap of the graceful kithul or fishtail palm (Caryota urens), is the best of the country's original sweeteners - soft, honeyed and healthy. Kithul jaggery's two local contenders, coconut palm jaggery and palmyrah jaggery, cannot match its distinctive sweetness. White refined sugar is a pale imitation.
The fishtail palm, called kithul in Sinhala and koondalpanai in Tamil, belongs to the family Caryota urens, a native of tropical Asia. It flourishes in Sri Lanka, India, Myanmar and Nepal. Growing to heights of 20 metres, it proliferates in the luxuriant forested areas of Sri Lanka's low-country wet zone, especially in the Sabaragamuwa Province and in mixed species perennial gardens in the central highlands.
For lovers of sweets, it is the kithul flower that holds the magic
For lovers of sweets, it is the kithul flower that holds the magic. It is only when the palm has reached its maximum height after a period of about 20 years that it begins to blossom; florets bearing budding cascades of flowers that will eventually turn into hard cherry-sized fruit, begin to appear at the topmost intersection of branch and trunk. New blooms progressively arrive on the lower branches, until the appearance of the last bloom on the lowest branch sounds the death knell for the palm, which dies shortly after it produces fruit.
Sri Lanka fell into the kithul palm's honeypot centuries ago. The palm is mentioned in numerous historical records including the Ummagga Jathaka. The islanders learned early that they could harvest the flow of sugary sap, called thelijja in Sinhalese, in the floret and turn it into a heady liquor called toddy, or boil it down into a delicious treacle or jaggery (hakuru in Sinhalese).
They refined the art of making jaggery that they were able to prepare five different varieties of the sweet: sudu (white) hakuru, a rare, soft and sweet pale jaggery made of refined sap; the rock-like wax or iti hakuru, prepared with slightly fermented sap; madol hakuru, which is soft and easily soluble; the grainy weli hakuru, traditionally prepared by pouring treacle into a pouch made of areca nut leaves and drying it over a fireplace, and the very common kithul hakuru, infused with subtle woody and smoky flavours.
Kithul jaggery is a food fit for royalty. It is said that a certain monarch from the Kandyan period had a special fondness for sudu hakuru.
An old man famed for his sweet and soft sudu hakuru was tasked with keeping the King happy with a supply of his favourite sweet. One day, the King asked him how he was able to prepare such delicious sudu hakuru. The man answered: "Oh, King, the hakuru is prepared on a full moon night, under the shelter of a white sheet and on a floor covered with white, in a golden pot, over a fire of white sandalwood and stirred with a silver spoon."
Intrigued, the King disguised himself as a commoner and visited the man's house situated in a jungle. He found the man preparing the hakuru in a simple mud hut. Dressed in a simple sarong, he was stirring the liquid with a spoon made of coconut shell over an ordinary wood fire.
When the King revealed his identity, the man trembled. He fell on his knees and said, "May you attain Buddhahood, Oh King... for is it not said, that everything is but an illusion."
Pleased with the man's reply, the King pardoned him and was able to enjoy a continuous supply of sudu hakuru. Like the old man, Upali Ranjith, a professional tapper for 30 years, lives in a humble home in a village bordering the Sinharaja Forest. He makes a living tapping clusters of privately-owned trees deep in the forest. In return, he gets a day's wages and two thirds of the thelijja that he collects from the trees.
His wife transforms this produce into jaggery or treacle. She boils the watery thelijja into a thick syrup in a large pan, adds crushed herbs into it, and sets it aside for a few days. The liquid forms into a thick dark gold treacle. To make jaggery, she boils the treacle three times, then pours it into coconut shells that have a little hole at one end. The mixture hardens in a day and she is able to pop it out of the shell by pushing it through the hole in the coconut. She wraps the jaggery in a special smooth leaf called "hakuru kenda". The process is not as easy as it sounds, because the trick in making the best hakuru is to know how to stir it and when to take it off the fire.
Kithul tapping is a hazardous occupation. The palm grows very tall, and its smooth bark has little grip. In the past, the task was dominated by a special skilled caste of tappers who made a living from it. Today, it is a general occupation of villagers dwelling on the outskirts of forests. Often, a village would have a small group of tappers who tap all the palms in the neighborhood. In recent years, government initiatives have been set in place to invigorate the industry and get more rural folk to take up tapping as an occupation.
A skilled tapper respects his trees. He would never tap the first flower of the palm, because its seeds make the best kithul saplings and the palm must be propagated. He also cleans out the ridges on the trunk left behind by branches as a mark of respect. He twists a ladder of bamboo fibre around the tree to help his climb and erects a platform beside the flowers. He begins tapping with the second flower from the top when it is about two months old, priming it by warming its base, removing part of its sheath, and tying a poultice of herbs on it to stimulate the flow of thelijja. He makes a deep incision into the flower, which will then, he says, "shed a tear" because it is losing the nutrients it has collected from the sky and earth. He sets up a pot at the base of the floret to collect the thelijja. A master tapper can make a single flower produce thelijja for two months, and each palm will yield up to seven flowers in a lifetime.
Tapping is done in either the morning or the evening, but never at noon when the supply of sap drops. The supply increases during the rains. Often, wild animals and birds help themselves to some of it; Upali does not mind this because he says they have to eat as well.
Sri Lanka's indigenous system of medicine - ayurveda - treats kithul jaggery as a very rich food, which can make you gain weight in a healthy way. Ayurveda posits that if you are thin and weak, you will gain weight by eating kithul jaggery, but never gain weight in excess. Rich in calcium, minerals, salts and fibre, this sweet is slower to digest, thus it doesn't provide the rush of energy that refined sugar delivers. Like its South American counterpart, panela, it is said to be a source of iron and vitamins.
Kithul jaggery is the sweetener of Sri Lankan gastronomy. It is kithul jaggery and no other that takes pride of place as the perfect sweet accompaniment to the auspicious dish of milk rice on festive occasions. It is the sugar substitute to be nibbled on with a cup of herbal tea, the sweetener with congee and the honey in the rich dessert wattalapam. More recently, it has become the flavour of modern sweet treats like cake and ice cream, available in large supermarket chains and confectionery stores.
Undoubtedly, kithul hakuru is the nobility of Sri Lanka's original sugars. From forest to gourmet dining, it has marked a trail of incomparable sweetness across the land.


Contraction and fast essay writing Rest of Cardiac Muscle Fibres.
Introduction to Cardiac Muscle writing essay help mass.
The cardiac muscle fast essay writing is undoubtedly an involuntary muscle that is certainly during the striated muscle mass class together with skeletal muscle tissue. The muscle mass is located largely situated in the myocardium (middle layer) on the coronary heart. The cells/fibres that sort cardiac muscle are named the cardiomyocytes. The contraction of those cells is coordinated and it serves to propel blood out of the ventricles into systemic circulation and away from atria into your ventricles. Cardiac muscle fibres trust in oxygen and electrical stimuli on the sino-atrial node (SAN)/pacemaker to function fast essay writing.
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Vivienne is an enthusiastic travel blogger with an unquenchable thirst for coastal exploration. Her years of experience navigating the world's most stunning beaches have made her an expert in beach driving. Vivienne is passionate about sharing her knowledge and tips to ensure others can also enjoy the thrill of beach driving in a safe and responsible manner.
Driving on the beach can be an exciting and adventurous experience, but it's important to be aware of the hazards that come with it. Here are some of the hazards you should keep in mind before hitting the sand:
1. Soft Sand: One of the biggest hazards of beach driving is encountering soft sand. Driving on soft sand can cause your vehicle to get stuck, especially if you don't have the right tires or if you're not familiar with driving on sand. It's important to stay on designated beach driving areas and avoid venturing into areas with soft sand.
2. Tidal Changes: Another hazard to be aware of is tidal changes. The tides can dramatically affect the condition of the beach, making it more difficult to drive on. It's important to check the tide schedule before heading out and plan your beach driving accordingly. Driving during low tide is generally safer and easier.
3. Saltwater Exposure: Driving on the beach means exposing your vehicle to saltwater, which can cause corrosion and damage to your vehicle's undercarriage, brakes, and electrical systems. It's important to thoroughly rinse your vehicle with fresh water after beach driving to remove any salt residue and prevent long-term damage.
4. Wildlife: Beaches are home to a variety of wildlife, including birds, turtles, and other marine animals. It's important to drive cautiously and be mindful of the wildlife around you. Avoid driving too close to nesting areas or disturbing the natural habitat of these animals.
5. Pedestrians and Beachgoers: Beaches are popular destinations for pedestrians and beachgoers. It's important to drive at a safe speed and be aware of your surroundings to avoid accidents. Always yield to pedestrians and give them plenty of space.
6. Weather Conditions: Weather conditions can greatly impact the safety of beach driving. High winds, heavy rain, or storms can make driving on the beach extremely dangerous. It's important to check the weather forecast before heading out and avoid driving on the beach during inclement weather.
To ensure a safe and enjoyable beach driving experience, here are some precautions you should take:
- Familiarize yourself with the rules and regulations of beach driving in the area you plan to visit. Each beach may have different rules and restrictions, so it's important to know and follow them.
- Make sure your vehicle is properly equipped for beach driving. This includes having the right tires, a shovel, a tow strap, and a tire pressure gauge.
- Lower your tire pressure to increase traction on the sand. This will help prevent your vehicle from getting stuck in soft sand.
- Drive at a safe and cautious speed. Avoid sudden accelerations or abrupt turns, as they can cause your vehicle to lose traction.
- Keep a safe distance from other vehicles on the beach. This will give you enough time to react and avoid collisions.
- Always be prepared for emergencies. Carry a first aid kit, a fire extinguisher, and a cell phone with a fully charged battery in case you need to call for help.
By being aware of the hazards and taking the necessary precautions, you can have a safe and enjoyable beach driving experience. Remember to always prioritize safety and respect the beach environment. Happy beach driving!


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Application of atmospheric transport models at the new atmospheric Ebre Delta station (ClimaDat Network) in Eastern Spain
Document typeConference lecture
Rights accessRestricted access - publisher's policy
The Ebre Delta atmospheric station (DEC3) was installed in Eastern Spain, within the framework of the ClimaDat project of the Institut Català de Ciències del Clima (IC3). This station offers continuous measurements of greenhouse gases and tracers concentrations (CO2, CH4, CO, N2O and SF6), along with atmospheric concentrations of the natural radioactive gas 222Rn. Meteorological parameters, such as humidity, temperature, wind speed and wind direction are also measured at DEC3 site. This qualitative analysis aims to use the FLEXPART and the HYSPLIT models, with meteorological input of ECMWF and with spatial resolution of 0.2 degrees, to perform back trajectories at DEC3 station and qualitatively analyze how different air masses coming from the Northern Western Europe or from the Mediterranean Sea influence observed gases concentrations.
CitationGrossi, Claudia [et al.]. Application of atmospheric transport models at the new atmospheric Ebre Delta station (ClimaDat Network) in Eastern Spain. A: International Conference on Harmonisation within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes. "HARMO 13". París: 2010, p. 1-5.


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An In-Park Science Inquiry Paper for Ages Five-Adult
Students ages 5 and up—you can become a Young Scientist! Purchase your self-guiding booklet for $5 at the Canyon Visitor Education Center or Old Faithful Visitor Center. You'll investigate the mysteries of Yellowstone by completing activities in the visitor center and field. The 5–9 year old program is offered only at Old Faithful. If you are investigating in the Old Faithful area, be sure to check out a Young Scientist Toolkit, which has a thermometer, stopwatch, and other gear. Once your investigation is complete, you will be awarded an official Young Scientist patch or key chain.
Development of this program was funded by the National Science Foundation through a generous grant to the Yellowstone Park Foundation.
Available at Canyon
Available at Old Faithful
Did You Know?
Prior to the establishment of the National Park Service, the U.S. Army protected Yellowstone between 1886 and 1918. Fort Yellowstone was established at Mammoth Hot Springs for that purpose.


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Colorado SKIES Academy is an aerospace-focused middle school. At CSA we inspire successful careers in the aerospace industry with an academically rigorous, project-based curriculum that prepares our students for advanced secondary and postsecondary education. Tours are available weekly when school is in session. Please click here to schedule a tour. If you have any questions, please call the school at _PHONE_.
CSA is located on the grounds of Wings Over the Rockies – Exploration of Flight at Centennial Airport. At CSA we're committed to fostering an innovative learning environment where students can thrive and realize their full potential.
Our flexible learning spaces are more akin to a modern, 21st-century work space than to traditional, teacher-centered classrooms. We are committed to creating engaging, safe, and fun environments that facilitate our project-based learning model. Our design philosophy allows kids to learn in an interactive space that fosters curiosity, problem-solving, creativity, synergy, and critical-thinking skills.


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Superdirective Beamforming Based on the Krylov Matrix
Broadband beamforming applied to superdirective arrays is known to be highly sensitive to transducers characteristics errors. Recently, an effective method to synthesize a robust, broadband, data-independent, filter-and-sum beamformer, which considers the probability distributions of errors, has been proposed. It considers an array with arbitrary lay-out and provides a spatial directivity pattern close to the desired one. Unfortunately, the evaluation of the cost function requires a computational load and an amount of memory that increases very quickly with the transducers and the filter coefficients. As the synthesis process requires an iterative minimization, it may become unacceptably long. In this paper, an alternative procedure for evaluating the same cost function is presented, drastically reducing such problems and without introducing any approximation. The only additional constraint is on the antenna which must be an equally-spaced linear array. This procedure makes it much easier to apply the above-mentioned synthesis method to a wide panorama of practical situations.


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Feature: #78169 - Introduce "Translation Source" field for tt_content¶
See Issue #78169
The new database field
l10n_source for tt_content table has been introduced together with a new TCA ctrl configuration
translationSource field contains an uid of the record used as a translation source, no matter whether the record was translated in the free or connected mode.
The new TCA configuration
translationSource contains column name, similar to the
$GLOBALS['TCA']['tt_content']['ctrl']['translationSource'] = 'l10n_source';
The new field solves few issues:
- There was no way to detect whether a record was translated using connected mode or free mode.
If a record has value > 0 in the
l10n_parent) field, it means it was translated using "connected mode". If the
transOrigPointerFieldis 0 but the
translationSourcefield is > 0 it means it was translated using "free mode". If both are 0, it means the record was not translated but created manually.
- TYPO3 allows to use a record in non-default language as a translation source. In this case the information about the translation source was lost.
translationSourcefield always contains an uid of the record used as a translation source.
- In some places
t3_origuid) fields were misused as a translation source. Now these places can be refactored to use the
translationSource and other existing fields¶
l10n_parent) - "translation parent" - this field contains uid of the record in the default language representing the same content. The
translationSourcefield can contain a uid of the record in non-default language.
t3_origuid) - "copy source" - this field contains uid of the record, current record was copied from. It might be equal to
translationSourceas localization is a copy internally, but often it is different.
See following test scenarios to see how data is handled in details.
Introduction of the new field is a base step for further refactorings, e.g.
- it opens a way to implement features like "reconnecting" free-mode translations back to the "connected mode"
- replace usage of the
t3_origuid with the
t3_origuid is misused for language handling purposes (e.g. in LocalizationRepository)


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With Halloween approaching, Indigenous students are speaking out against culturally appropriated costumes being marketed in Canada.
Cultural appropriation is the act of taking certain elements of a culture or community of which you do not identify with. This is typically manifested as someone from a dominant group taking from marginalized cultures or communities for artificial or leisurely purposes that undermine the cultural context and significance.
The National Aboriginal Caucus of the Canadian Federation of Students have recently been promoting the _TAG_ campaign. We encourage you to speak up when you see culturally appropriative costumes for sale in stores and of course to avoid purchasing them yourself. The impacts of choosing to buy, make, and wear a culturally appropriative costume are significant, including trivializing violent historical realities and on-going struggles and spreading stereotypes about marginalized communities.