terms of chunked access. Work on this is probably best done once we have settled the representation of the contiguous chunks. (And once we've already solved the (easier) typed storage case.) I think this topic is largely independent of this discussion.
This looks pretty close to the regions API on Data, perhaps that might be an interesting exercise to delve into a bit more?
1 Like
How do you envision such a type being used to address my use-case of "I would like to serialise into/parse out of a bucket of bytes type X"? In particular, how does it address the question of resizing the buffer?
I think using single quotes for ASCII is a good idea. We could then have single-line and multiline literals.
The position after an opening ''' or """ could be reserved for line break options (LF by default; CRLF for certain data formats).
If we had a new protocol hierarchy (similar to String, Character, and Unicode.Scalar literals):
 1. _ExpressibleByBuiltinRawBufferLiteral as you've suggested.
 - UnsafeRawBufferPointer (or a safe wrapper?) by default.
 - UnsafeRawPointer with null-terminator for C/C++ interop.
 2. _ExpressibleByBuiltinIntegerLiteral for base256 integer literals.
 - All integer (and floating-point?) types in the standard library.
 - e.g. UInt32('ABCD') is UInt32(0x41_42_43_44).
 - e.g. CChar('\n') is CChar(0x0A) as expected.
 - e.g. CChar("\n") is nilSR-747.
For simplicity, perhaps base64 can be omitted?
The \x could support base16, by adding braces, and ignoring line breaks, etc.
'''
Bytes literal with an \
escaped line break.
Escaped ASCII characters:
* \0 \\ \t \n \r \" \'
* \u{0}...\u{7F}
Escaped base16 bytes:
\x{
 E80C8931DC0E2CA7626164848DC47A78
 4AA196AEAED8F5C1CF99D3EA7D3DE700
 17F88D27814F5ED19C36
}
'''
Mutations (including resizing) would execute in-place only when the owner is uniquely referenced, and of a particular "native" type. This matches how standard collections like String deal with mutations of bridged (or otherwise "foreign") instances. (And in fact the in-memory layout of such a byte bucket would just be a heavily simplified version of String.) This representation would also allow for read-only immortal bytes, such as ones generated at compile-time from bytes literals.
Because storage would be required to be contiguous, we wouldn't be able to wrap an entire dispatch_data or a ring buffer into these. However, we could still use these to unify the representation of their contiguous pieces. (dispatch_data would be something like a sequence of these buffers, a little like Data vs DataProtocol, but hopefully with a more practical design.)
I really don't think we can introduce a bytes literal syntax (of whatever encoding and features) without having a safe standard library type that can serve as their default type. None of [UInt8], [CChar], String, Unsafe[Raw]BufferPointer or Data seem appropriate for this role to me. (Data definitely comes closest -- but only as long as we don't look too close.)
(Introducing special syntax for byte literals that can only initialize individual UInt8/Int8 values (as in let a: Int8 = 'a') seems like a waste of effort -- if that's all we want, we could just define a bunch of namespaced constants for the ASCII character set.)
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I would be interested to learn if the following generalization of the classical Looman-Menchoff theorem is true.
Assume that the function $f=u+iv$, defined on a domain $D\subset\mathbb{C}$, is such that
 1. $u_x$, $u_y$, $v_x$, $v_y$ exist almost everywhere in $D$.
 2. $u$, $v$ satisfy the Cauchy-Riemann equations almost everywhere in $D$.
 3. $f=f(x,y)$ is separately continuous (in $x$ and $y$) in $D$.
 4. $f$ is locally integrable.
Question: Does it follow that $f$ is analytic everywhere in $D$?
Remark 1. Condition 3 is essential (take $f=1/z$).
Remark 2. G. Sindalovskiĭ proved analyticity of $f$ under conditions 2-4 when the partial derivatives exist everywhere in $D$, except on a countable union of closed sets of finite linear Hausdorff measure (link).
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just a doubt about assumption 2: what further assumption on $u_x$ $u_y$ $v_x$ $v_y$ are implicitly taken, in order that the CR equations make sense? – Pietro Majer Oct 6 '10 at 8:07
@ Pietro Majer: I'm not sure I follow. The derivatives are assumed to exist a.e. in $D$. I'm interested in locally integrable and separately continuous functions $u$, $v$ which satisfy the CR equations a.e. Am I missing something? – Andrey Rekalo Oct 6 '10 at 11:33
Just this: in order to have $u_{xx}$ classically defined at $(x_0,y_0)$ we need $u_x(x,y_0)$ to exist for all $x$ in a nbd of $x_0,$ and analogous condition for the other second order prtial derivatives. So I was wondering if these were implicitly assumed in 2 or there was a weaker sense. Also, a doubt about whether $u_{xy}=u_{yx},$ was assumed too, since that should not be ensured by Schwarz theorem, in this generality. Anyway, no matter, thanks to Nate's answer! – Pietro Majer Oct 6 '10 at 14:09
2 Answers 2
up vote 15 down vote accepted
Let $c$ be the Cantor function on $[0,1]$, so that $c$ is continuous, $c' = 0$ a.e., but $c$ is not constant. Then take $u(x+iy) = v(x+iy)=c(x)c(y)$. We have $u_x=u_y=v_x=v_y=0$ a.e. so the Cauchy-Riemann equations are trivially satisfied, and $f(z)=u(z)+iv(z)$ is bounded and continuous on the unit square, but certainly not analytic.
Almost everywhere differentiability is almost never the right condition for solutions to a PDE. A better condition would be to have $u,v$ in some Sobolev space.
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It's actually sufficient to require that $u,v$ solve the equation in distribution sense – Piero D'Ancona Oct 6 '10 at 13:21
Nice example! Thanks. – Andrey Rekalo Oct 6 '10 at 13:25
Your second comment is absolutely spot on, Nate. – Peter Luthy Oct 6 '10 at 18:55
See this related question. Denjoy proved that there exist a continuous function $f$ on the unit square and a continuous curve $\gamma$, which is the graph of a continuous function, such that $f$ is holomorphic on the square minus $\gamma$ but not on the whole square. Thus $f$ satisfies the CR equations almost everywhere, and actually on the whole square minus the support of $\gamma$, but not on the whole square.
Thus the general answer to your question seems to be a solid no. Using the postive parts of Denjoy's result, one can imagine to answer in the affirmative if the set where CR fails is a countable union of curves with sufficiently nice behaviour, but it seems difficult to do better than Sindalovskii. See also here for a different proof of his result.
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Many thanks for the answer and links. – Andrey Rekalo Oct 6 '10 at 11:35
Your Answer


text:
How To Make Fence in Minecraft: To ensure your safety in the Minecraft you need a fence. Of course, a fence helps to protect your hard work in the Minecraft. The Fence protects you Minecraft structure and farm and also helps to keep your animals inside.
Read More – Minecraft Apk Free Download
The main purpose to use a fence is to keep the animals in and mobs out. The fence technically takes up only 1 block space but works as 1 ½ spaces tall to prevent you from mobs from jumping over them. Proper lightning inside the fence area limit the mob attacks.
In the presence of fence, you can farm the animals effectively. Fences are guardrails along bridges and balconies you can fish over them. You can see through the fences like a glass but the mobs cannot see in.
Table of Contents
How To Make Fence in Minecraft
Fences are very useful in underwater construction, as they are not full solid block. So you can use them to create air pockets without the water dripping in. It is useful in creating a water elevator, waterproof door and fence walls.
Types of Fences You Can Make in Minecraft
1. Oak Fence
2. Spruce Fence
3. Birch Fence
4. Jungle Fence
5. Dark Oak Fence
6. Acacia Fence
7. Nether Brick Fence
You need different items that you require to collect before you can build a fence. Let check how to make the fence in Minecraft. Before we start, let me tell you the intergradient required to make the fence.
1. Oak Fence: 2 sticks and 4 Oak Wood Planks.
2. Spruce Fence: 2 Sticks and 4 Spruce Wood Planks.
3. Birch Fence: 2 Sticks and 4 Birch Wood Planks.
4. Jungle Fence: 2 Sticks and 4 Jungle Wood Planks.
5. Dark Oak Fence: 2 Sticks and 4 Dark Oak Wood Planks
6. Acacia Fence: 2 Sticks and 4 Acacia Wood Planks.
7. Nether Brick Fence: 6 blocks of Nether Brick.
Steps To Make Fence in Minecraft
1. First of all, you need to collect the intergradient which type of fence you want to make. You need to find a different kind of trees.
2. After collecting the required material and add them to your hotbar, now find the open area to build a fence.
3. Select the fence item in the hotbar. Place enough oak fence to make one side of your fence. The controls to place the fence depends on the version of Minecraft.
Read More – How To Make A Saddle in Minecraft
Making a Fence Gate
A fence gate works as a door and always opens away from you. It must be placed on a block but remains if the block is later mined away. The door protects the flow of water and lava even when open.
Moreover, zombies cannot break through a fence gate and villagers cannot open the door. The fence gates can be manipulated through Redstone such as pressure plates. You can make the fence gate in the Minecraft.
1. Oak Fence Gate: The material required is 4 sticks and 2 Oak Wood Planks.
2. Spruce Fence Gate: The material required is 4 sticks and 2 Spruce Wood Planks.
3. Birch Fence Gate: You need 4 sticks and 2 Birchwood Planks.
4. Jungle Fence Gate: Get 4 sticks and 2 Jungle Wood Planks.
5. Dark Oak Fence Gate: Take 4 sticks and 2 Dark Oak Wood Planks.
6. Acacia Fence Gate: Get 4 sticks and 2 Acacia Wood Planks.
Thus Minecraft is a creative game while making fence you can learn to engineer with the material. This creativity helps you to make a craftsmanship and to inspire you if you are planning for a new project. Steps To Make Fence in Minecraft.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The representations of San Francisco (California): a portable harbor in the fragile geography of the North Pacific
San Francisco bay first appeared in chronicles and navigation charts two centuries before being officially discovered. The news of the existence of a great shelter to the north of New Spain encouraged diverse expeditions and brought back mythical images in literature and cartography. This mysterious enclave that maps glided stealthily was looked for unsuccessfully by a number of seafarers. Systematic advances to take control of the Pacific during the period known as the Enlightenment dispelled the obscurity to which the territory had been submitted and did shed light on the harbor that had been hidden for so long. The expeditions of the 18th century finally banished the last frontier of the New Spanish Great North and from that period onward an image of San Francisco that exceeded its own legend was created.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Londrina/PR - Brasil

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


ideal weight for 152 cm female in kg
How much should a 152 cm female weigh?
The ideal weight for 152 cm female is between 44 and 50 kg.
Our calculations give you an idea of your perfect weight. You can also use the BMI calculator (Body Mass Index). Find here the BMI chart for females in India.
 - Underweight: Below 43 kg
 - Healthy Weight: 43 to 58 kg
 - Overweight: 58 to 69 kg
 - Obese: 69 to 81 kg
 - Severely Obese: 81 to 92 kg
 - Morbidly Obese: Above 92 kg
Figuring out how much you should weigh for your height and age can be a complicated process. A BMI calculator will give you an estimate.
However, there are many factors that can affect this number such as an individual's age, muscle mass and fat percentage. The best way to find out what your optimal weight should be is to consult with a doctor or dietitian.
What is an unhealthy weight for 152 cm female?
The unhealthy weight for 152 cm female is above 58 kg.
Ideal weight for females in kg
Height Healthy Weight for female Overweight for female
146 cm 53 to 64 kg Above 64 kg
147 cm 54 to 65 kg Above 65 kg
148 cm 55 to 65 kg Above 65 kg
149 cm 55 to 66 kg Above 66 kg
150 cm 56 to 67 kg Above 67 kg
151 cm 57 to 68 kg Above 68 kg
152 cm 58 to 69 kg Above 69 kg
153 cm 58 to 70 kg Above 70 kg
154 cm 59 to 71 kg Above 71 kg
155 cm 60 to 72 kg Above 72 kg
156 cm 61 to 73 kg Above 73 kg
157 cm 61 to 74 kg Above 74 kg
158 cm 62 to 75 kg Above 75 kg
How Ideal Weight Is Calculated?
Ideal weight calculation is based on health research and study of population.
BMI formula:
weight [kg]height [m]2
Find more on cdc.gov
Ideal body weight (result in kg) formula:
45.5 + (0.9 x height [cm] - 154)
Find more on ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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text:
General Position Summary:
The Intervention Specialist serves as a full-time liaison in support of students' school performance. Targeted interventions for At-Risk students will be communicated through the classroom teacher, parents, administrators, counselor and other necessary certified support staff members or outside agency personnel. They will report to the building principal.
Duties and Responsibilities:
- Identify at-risk students based on data collected.
- Consult with classroom teachers at grade level meetings to determine strategies for assistance and help with setting intervention groups.
- Utilize, implement, and promote ongoing staff development for teachers and paraprofessionals with respect to MTSS.
- Implement and document for the purpose of the General Education Intervention, along with classroom teachers.
- Implements targeted student achievement curricular at Tier II while providing regular updates to principal and classroom teachers.
- Collaborates with building officials and support staff to design an individualized plan for each identified at-risk student.
Knowledge, Skills, Abilities:
- Bachelor's degree is required; Master's degree preferable
- Current Kansas Teaching License
- Minimum of three successful teaching years of experience with involvement in collecting assessment data and developing interventions.
Applications for this position may be found at _URL_ and mailed to USD 208, 527 Russell Ave, WaKeeney, KS 67672 or emailed to _EMAIL_


, you'll record the average scores of each age group. Once you've averaged the scores of each group, you can make a bar graph illustrating that information.
Once you've averaged the scores of each age group, it shouldn't be difficult to use that information to make a bar graph.
Chart 1: Player Information.
Chart 1: Player Information.
Chart 2: Average Scores by Age Group.
Chart 2: Average Scores by Age Group.
Further Investigation
If you enjoyed conducting this experiment, you could take it a step further by noting the time of day at which each participant played the game. Do you think that the time of day might affect someone's reaction time?
Because studies suggest that males typically have faster reaction times than women, you also could note the sex of each participant and see if that theory proves to be correct or incorrect.
Excerpted from
The Complete Idiot's Guide to Science Fair Projects
The Complete Idiot's Guide to Science Fair Projects
Nancy O'Leary and Susan Shelly
This book contains great information for different kinds of science fair projects.
Pupils test people in different age groups to determine how a participant's age may affect his or her reflexes in this printable science activity.
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Через какое время после подключения я могу гадить (и почему)?
Exact Answer: Usually within an hour
Plugging refers to the insertion of a foreign object in the rectum of an individual. This is usually done to relieve the individual from a persistent condition of constipation. Medically, sometimes drugs are administered to a patient through the anal canal. However, plugging can also be used by addicts as a method of carrying drugs in the rectum.
Similarly, plugging of the anal passage is also used as a stimulating event to elicit pleasure. Thus, plugging is also a part of anal sex routines. However, in all these different types of plugging events, the ejection of fecal matter becomes important, both before and after the act.
How Long After Plugging Can I Poop?
The time frame of какать after being plugged is dependent on a number of factors. The most important factor is the rationale for using the plugging process. Usually, using anal plugs as sex toys does not lead to pooping afterward. There is no known time frame that correlates the two activities.
When anal plugs are used to help reduce constipation, again the data is uncertain because not many people use anal plugging to solve this issue. Enemas, on the other hand, are more common ways of plugging than others. They consist of a tube and a bag containing the solution.
In most medical scenarios, plugging helps in alleviating constipation. In such cases, enemas are inserted into the patient. Thus, the patient's rectum is plugged with an enema. This helps ease the bowel movement of the individual in question.
Usually, after an enema is administered to the individual, the solution starts working within an hour. The patient can expect to begin pooping from 5 minutes to an hour of the dosage being administered. It is also important to cognize that pooping after an enema happens over a period of time. The patient may then need to use the restroom multiple times after the process begins.
It is important to remember that enemas are used to clean the rectum and anus. Their usage might be medically indicated, however, people also use enemas before anal sex. When plugging the anus with addictive substancesan act that is illegalthe patient in question is administer a laxative by the doctor to release the drugs. In such cases, the time frame of pooping is again within an hour.
В итоге:
Plugging MethodTime Taken To Poop Afterwards
Клизма5 minutes to an hour
Anal PlugsUnknown
Why Does It Take So Long To Poop After Plugging?
Medically, plugging the anal canal is not a frequently undertaken activity. Doctors generally refrain from administering enemas to patients unless their usage is absolutely indicated in the medical history, existing conditions, and symptoms of the patient. There are several risks associated with the use of enemas that deters medical professionals from prescribing them to patients with mild to moderate issues of constipation.
Через какое время после сдачи крови я могу заниматься спортом (и почему)?
An enema usually takes from 5 minutes to an hour to begin working in the body of a patient because each bowel canal is different. Moreover, each fecal impaction is also different. The water-based solution of chemicals in the enema fills up the rectum of the patient when the plug of the tube is inserted and the bag is pumped. This causes the rectum to stretch and expand, thus, solving the issue of constipation.
For some patients, this can be a fast process. While for others, it may take a little longer. There are very rarely reported cases of anal enemas not working at all. An enema will work in a similar way when it is used to prepare the canal for anal sex. The solution will clean out the anus and the rectum of the individual. Again, the time frame remains the same, just the purpose changes.
Anal plugs are essentially used to stop anal leakages. They also help will constipation and easing pooping in patients. However, the time taken to initiate pooping in people is unknown. Doctors suggest that the presence of a foreign object in the anal canal usually initiates the desire to expel fecal matter.
Plugging is a term used to indicate a variegated list of actions. In a general sense, it applies to the insertion of foreign material like an enema or anal/butt plug into the rectum of the individual in question. Sometimes these objects are needed to counter and alleviate a medical condition, while at other times, they may simply be used to elicit pleasure.
Nonetheless, in most instances the individual who has been plugged poops within an hour of the insertion of the enema or the plug. Sometimes, this time frame may be altered, but more often than not, it remains hinged around this overall average.
 1. _URL_
 2. _URL_


text:
Alum was first produced at Slapewath, Guisborough in 1604. In 1640 Sir Bryan Cooke discovered alum in the rocks at Peak, now more commonly known as Ravenscar. The Peak fault, a shift in the rock strata that occured 350 million years ago, left accessible Lias shales above sea level to the north of Ravenscar, an obvious advantage if you wanted to mine it without drowning.
Alum was used as a mordant for fixing dyes and in the leather industry to render hide supple and manageable. During the 19th century synthetic alum was produced and aniline dyes were invented that didn't require a mordant to fix them. The last alum works to close were those in Kettleness and Boulby in 1871. The industry had lasted for around 250 years.
|The Old Alum Works, Ravenscar|
|One of the stone drainage channels|
The next stage of the process was to introduce potassium and ammonia. Potassium was obtained by burning kelp seaweed in huge quantities and adding the resulting lees to the mixture. As for ammonia, stale human urine was shipped into the works in huge barrels. It was said that poor people's urine was better as it was not the product of such strong drink.
|The Winding House|
When the potash and ammonia was added to the brew it was left to cool and alum crystals gradually formed. The liquor could be reboiled time and time again to maximize the yield.
The industry has left indelible scars on the local landscape. A burning floor on the cliff above Sandsend has left a large, desolate area of bare shale reminiscent of the lunar surface. Remains of stone breakwaters and berthing points can be seen at Saltwick Bay and in many places the entire profile of the cliffs has been changed by alum mining.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Lying on the postcolonial couch what role does it play in colonial takeovers and national makeovers any competent speaker of english would recognize this. The country has played an increasing role in global affairs contemporary india bharat (hindi) republic of india (english) the appearance of indo-aryan speakers. The term post-colonialism is also applied to denote the on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of india's post colonial literature in english by. Colonial languages in post-colonial one example would be the increase of english speakers in india attitudes toward languages play the most important role. It then concentrates on the post-colonial development of india which post-colonialism: definition, development and of people play an important role in the.
Postcolonial plays has 20 ratings and this is a very short monologue play hard to sustain character development over a long period with only one speaker. English as a global language nigeria,india,singaporeandvanuatu mandarin chinese continues to play an im-portant role in south-east asia. The prime minister of india is the leader of the executive branch of the government of indiathe prime minister is also the chief adviser to the president of india and head of the council of. My experience in teaching non-native english speakers they struggle to talk in english and have fun when they do a role play india role play.
Having fun with english indian english speakers play around with the language as much as any other group the population of english speakers in india. Was a foundational figure in postcolonial india's since the new nobility were english speakers with little to postcolonial literature in english. Here at champions speakers, we are well aware that the world of _TAG_ looks set to play a big role in the future and have a whole host of india: 53000: bharti.
India gained independence from writers also played a very important role postcolonial literature emerged at the same time what the postcolonial writers did. The global spread of english has resulted in the emergence of a diverse range of postcolonial varieties around the world postcolonial english number of speakers.
Learn about english in india there are a number of elements that characterise the more 'extreme' forms of south asian english many speakers do not. Things fall apart: an analysis of pre and post-colonial igbo these writers all play an influential role in modern african literature. English-only policies can create job insecurity and dissatisfaction and generate strife between native and nonnative english speakers as india and nigeria, and. Habib university - postcolonial higher education conference 2017 the impossibility and possibility of a just post-colonial development abstract.
Language policy: nigeria and the role of english language in the 21st century political and social life of the nation in preand post-colonial administration. The outer circle is made up of post-colonial countries in which english, though not the mother tongue, has for a significant period of time played an important role.
The spread of english around the world -- the the first one claims that english would naturally the historical role of england as a colonial power in india. It is not the speaker's native tongue the english language education is "to play an outstanding role in anglophilia in postcolonial nations. The latest tweets from role audio they image like lasers (soundstage) they do bass about as good as any speaker i've the music box can play quite. Definition of postcolonialism – our online dictionary has postcolonialism information from literary movements for students: presenting analysis, context, and. This symposium examined a range of issues relating to the colonial and post-colonial postcolonial and global formations of play a significant role in. At al jazeera english the cambridge analytica-facebook breach play all the survivor of a brutal honour killing in india testifies against her parents in the. Postcolonial english: explains the role of english as the leading world language through a traveler will encounter native speakers of english not only in.
Identity in postcolonial contexts when postcolonial speakers use english in india, english-medium education is widely perceived as leading to social. The department of english what role did religious visual culture play in shaping that engagement confirmed keynote speakers. What role does an english speaker play in postcolonial india india and english from 1857, when english was introduced by the imperial government as the only medium. Postcolonialism (postcolonial theory a collective of south asian historians interested in exploring the role of non-elite actors in in india women, dalits.


You're Awarded the Federal Grant, Now What?
Congratulations! You've gotten the federal grant you worked so hard to apply for. What are the next steps you should take to ensure you are successful in carrying out the grant requirements? Will your organization have a positive experience as a federal grantee?
After you have received the confirmation letter from the federal agency who awarded you the grant, these are some steps to take to assure your organization gets off to a good start:
 1. Publicize it - The federal government likes good publicity. The first ones you will want to tell include your staff and Board of Directors. It can be an exciting morale booster for an agency when they receive federal funding. Be sure you celebrate the federal award in noticeable ways within your agency, recognizing those who worked so hard to write the successful grant. A press release to your local newspaper can magnify your image within the community, as the general public often equates federal funding with strength and stability.
 2. Send a thank you letter - Not enough grantees remember to thank the funder for granting them a monetary award. Nonprofit agencies spend so much time and energy looking for grants, researching the facts, writing the grant and waiting for the decision, when a positive decision is finally received they forget to say a simple thank you. The bottom line is the federal bureaucrats who granted you the award love to be thanked and want to feel a connection with the people you serve. The funding agency will remember you if you send them a unique thank you - original artwork by children that your agency serves, or perhaps a thank you card signed by the residents in your women's shelter. It could make a difference the next time you apply for a grant with them.
 3. Organize yourself - When you receive the grant award letter, it will give you a date on which the federal funding period will begin. This date is usually 30 days or more. Use this interim period to organize yourself.
 - Set aside a folder, binder or desk drawer specifically for paperwork related to this grant. You will be receiving more paperwork than you anticipated during the life of the grant; have a place set aside where you can put it so it does not get mixed up with your other paperwork. If you get a phone call from the grants officer in charge of your grant, you want to be able to impress him and put your hands on relevant documents right away.
 - Have a meeting with your assistant or management team and go over the grant application you submitted, what you said you would do, and what needs to be done when you receive the money. Don't wait until you receive the money to begin thinking about it. If there are staff positions to be added, begin the recruitment process for them now. Do as much preliminary work ahead of time as you can. Delegate responsibilities and get the ball rolling.
 - Ensure you have a recordkeeping system in place to track the numbers you are serving with the federal grant. This is important as the federal agency will want to know how many new lives have been improved with the money they are giving you. Set up a system to count the new people you are serving as a result of the grant money awarded to your organization.
© 2015 Federal Grants is not endorsed by, or affiliated with, any government agency. Copyright ©2015


text:
Borger REVISITED, de nederzetting op de Daalkampen (Dr.)
The Daalkampen, east of Borger in Drenthe is a Plaggen-soil area with settlement traces dating from the Bronze and IronAges. The first excavations were carried out by GIA during the years 1994–1997, followed by a new one in 2002 as a joint enterprise by GIA and ARC. The results during this last excavation came up to expectations: 10 house plans, 38 granaries, fences and several pits. The oldest house plans, of the Emmerhout and Elp types, can be dated between 1400 and 800 BC; the youngest, of Hijken and related types, can be dated between 800 and 100 BC. The majority of the the pits were probably in use for storage and for dumping garbage. The datings are partly confirmed by sherds of pottery as found in nos. 86 and 107 from about 900 BC; no. 218: Harpstedter Rauhtopf, and no. 282: Ruinen-Wommels I and R-WII, covering a period from 700 up till 250 BC. Combination of the dates for house types and pottery makes it clear that habitation on this part of the Daalkampen took place between about 900 and 250 BC.


text:
Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most critical medical emergency and contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Myocardial infarction is the most common form of coronary heart disease and leading cause of premature death. Past century has seen substantial advancement in the field of medical sciences but still mortality trends due to myocardial infarction is increasing in developing countries including India. We have conducted this study to compare the Sociodemographic characteristics of alcoholic and non alcoholic MI patients admitted in coronary care unit of Saveetha Medical College, Chennai, India.
Methods: An exploratory cross sectional study was performed by enrolling a convenient sample of 100 Myocardial Infarction patients. Information about Sociodemographic characteristics, past medical history, alcohol and tobacco intake, physical activity, psychological stress and biochemical measurements was gathered.
Results: The mean age of the respondents was 46 (SD=6) years and majority of them were male i.e. 82%. 100% married and 89% literate, there were 24% past and 22% present alcoholics. Consumption of alcohol on a monthly, weekly and daily basis was 8%, 11% and 5% respectively. Preference to brandy was 67%, rum was 21% and that the beer was 12%. Current smoker were 20% and former were 11%. 93% and 52% respondents were under medication of beta blocker and angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors respectively.
Conclusion: Worldwide, MI is the most common cause of mortality and morbidity and hence early diagnosis and management is most essential. Results from our study revealed that, participants had sedentary lifestyles where risk factors of MI such as alcohol consumption, and smoking does existed.


Comparative Essay Ransom And On The Waterfront Year 11 Essay
943 words - 4 pages
Leadership often highlights how characters get to where they are by embracing their own values. In the novel 'Ransom', written by David Malouf, which takes place during the Trojan War as described in the Illiad, Malouf demonstrates how the king of Troy, Priam, transgresses and becomes more aware of what he is meant to do through recognition of what is necessary, as shown when he takes upon himself to get his son's body back. In comparison, Elia Kazan's film, 'On the Waterfront', explores the conflicts faced by ex-prize fighter, Terry Malloy, as he learns that he needs to fight for what is right, in order to prove a point to those around him. Although these stories are set in separate places and periods of time, both explore how one, to be a true selfless leader, should be able to stand up for what they believe against all odds. However, while 'Ransom' and 'On the Waterfront' show how characters embrace themselves and take action, both also exposes how the reverse isn't true, where characters that have come into power their own way can be in conflict with their own followers, which can lead to disapproval and even rejection.
By being able to fight for their goals they believe in, one shows a sign of confidence and morality, setting them up to be a figurehead for change. Ransom and Invictus both show how the power of self-awareness can drive an individual's will further to achieve what they want. The death of Hector in the first scenes of 'Ransom' presents Priam a chance to carry out the treacherous task of ransoming his son's body without assistance, reflecting the nature of justice. Although a king and a beloved one at that, Priam recognises the futility of just being a 'ceremonial figurehead', 'to others, great Priam. But only because they have never really looked at [him]'. A similar uncertainty in what one is supposed to do is demonstrated in Kazan's film, 'On The Waterfront', with its opening scene showing Terry shocked at the fact that a man has just been murdered, a death that he played a part in unwillingly. Kazan presents Terry's distress through a medium shot of him and his _____, which contrasts how shell-shocked Terry is, who says very few words during the aftermath of Joey's death, considering that 'he wasn't a bad kid, that Joey', to the casual behaviour of Johnny Friendly's men, who laugh at Joey being a 'canary'. This scene provides viewers with information that hints at how Terry is not comfortable with being one of Johnny's men, his values in conflict especially when his brother Charley totally submits himself to Friendly. In addition, Malouf details how after Pr...
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text: Nearly all of the water that is used in the Coachella Valley comes from a groundwater basin, or aquifer under the ground's surface estimated to contain about 30 million acre-feet of water. DWA pumps water using wells and delivers it to local residents and businesses. In order to foster sustainability of the basin, DWA also replenish the aquifer with water from the State Water Project. Since, there is no direct pipeline from the State Water Project to Palm Springs, the Agency exchanges water with Metropolitan Water District. The water we use for replenishment comes from the Colorado River Aqueduct, which CVWD and DWA use to fill recharge ponds located at Whitewater and Mission Creek.


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Artistic Director and founding member of the One Year Lease Theater Company, Ianthe Demos, discusses the benefits of merging hiking and theatre.
Lesson plans and units of work
Practical MS - Creating theatre with communities
Jeffrey Tan shares case studies and a step by step process to help students or arts companies create community theatre.
Practical HS - Nonverbal storytelling
Exploring ways to communicate roles and narratives through different methods of expressing ideas.
Artists and companies
Professional - Theatre and decolonisation
Harris Albar, theatre maker and producer, discusses and advocates for theatre as a decolonisation tool.
Spotlight - Bill Bowers
Award-winning performer and playwright artist Bill Bowers and the time and space to begin writing a memoir.
Profiles - Beyond the Red Nose: The power of humour in tackling serious issues
An introduction to Shanice Stanislaus and the work of Creatives Inspirit.
The ISTA Approach - Theatre in the world
Exploring cultural perspectives and the role theatre plays in societies.
Collaborations - When ISTA met IFTA
A summer programme collaboration between IFTA (Institute for the Arts) and ISTA.


}\): The gradient field of \(f(x,y)=x^2y^2\) and several level curves of \(f\). Notice that as the level curves get closer together, the magnitude of the gradient vectors increases.
 As we learned earlier, a vector field \(\vecs{F}\) is a conservative vector field, or a gradient field if there exists a scalar function \(f\) such that \(\vecs \nabla f=\vecs{F}\). In this situation, \(f\) is called a potential function for \(\vecs{F}\). Conservative vector fields arise in many applications, particularly in physics. The reason such fields are called conservative is that they model forces of physical systems in which energy is conserved. We study conservative vector fields in more detail later in this chapter.
 You might notice that, in some applications, a potential function \(f\) for \(\vecs{F}\) is defined instead as a function such that \(−\vecs \nabla f=\vecs{F}\). This is the case for certain contexts in physics, for example.
 Example \(\PageIndex{10}\): Verifying a Potential Function
 Is \(f(x,y,z)=x^2yz−\sin(xy)\) a potential function for vector field
 \(\vecs{F}(x,y,z)=⟨2xyz−y\cos(xy),x^2z−x\cos(xy),x^2y⟩\)?
 Solution
 We need to confirm whether \(\vecs \nabla f=\vecs{F}\). We have
 \[ \begin{align*} f_x(x,y) =2xyz−y\cos(xy) \\[4pt] f_y(x,y) =x^2z−x\cos(xy) \\[4pt] f_z(x,y) =x^2y \end{align*}.\]
 Therefore, \(\vecs \nabla f=\vecs{F}\) and \(f\) is a potential function for \(\vecs{F}\).
 Exercise \(\PageIndex{10}\)
 Is \(f(x,y,z)=x^2\cos(yz)+y^2z^2\) a potential function for \(\vecs{F}(x,y,z)=⟨2x\cos(yz),−x^2z \sin(yz)+2yz^2,y^2⟩\)?
 Hint
 Compute the gradient of \(f\).
 Answer
 No
 Example \(\PageIndex{11}\): Verifying a Potential Function
 The velocity of a fluid is modeled by field \(\vecs v(x,y)=⟨xy,\tfrac{x^2}{2}−y⟩\). Verify that \(f(x,y)=\dfrac{x^2y}{2}−\dfrac{y^2}{2}\) is a potential function for \(\vecs{v}\).
 Solution
 To show that \(f\) is a potential function, we must show that \(\vecs \nabla f=\vecs v\). Note that \(f_x(x,y)=xy\) and \(f_y(x,y)=\dfrac{x^2}{2}−y\). Therefore, \(\vecs \nabla f(x,y)=⟨xy,\tfrac{x^2}{2}−y⟩\) and \(f\) is a potential function for \(\vecs{v}\) (Figure \(\PageIndex{10}\)).
 A visual representation of the given directional field in two dimensions. The arrows in quadrant 1point to the right. Closer to the y axis, they point down, but they quickly cuve and soon point up at at roughly 90-degree angle. The closer the arrows are to the x axis, the more vertical they are. Quadrant 2 is a reflection of quadrant 1. In quadrant 3, the arrows are more vertical the closer they are to the x and y axes. They point up and to the right. The further they are from the axes, the closer the arrows are to a 90-degree angle. Quadrant 4 is a reflection of quadrant 3.
 Figure \(\PageIndex{10}\): Velocity field \(\vecs{v}(x,y)\) has a potential function and is a conservative field.
 Exercise \(\PageIndex{11}\)
 Verify that \(f(x,y)=x^2y^2+x\) is a potential function for velocity field \(\vecs{v}(x,y)=⟨3x^2y^2+1,2x^3y⟩\).
 Hint
 Calculate the gradient.
 Answer
 \(\vecs \nabla f(x,y)=\vecs{v}(x,y)\)
 If \(\vecs{F}\) is a conservative vector field, then there is at least one potential function \(f\) such that \(\vecs \nabla f=\vecs{F}\). But, could there be more than one potential function? If so, is there any relationship between two potential functions for the same vector field? Before answering these questions, let's recall some facts from single-variable calculus to guide our intuition. Recall that if \(k(x)\) is an integrable function, then \(k\) has infinitely many antiderivatives. Furthermore, if \(\vecs{F}\) and \(\vecs{G}\) are both antiderivatives of \(k\), then \(\vecs{F}\) and \(\vecs{G}\) differ only by a constant. That is, there is some number \(C\) such that \(\vecs{F}(x)=\vecs{G}(x)+C\).
 Now let \(\vecs{F}\) be a conservative vector field and let \(f\) and \(g\) be potential functions for \(\vecs{F}\). Since the gradient is like a derivative, \(\vecs{F}\) being conservative means that \(\vecs{F}\) is "integrable" with "antiderivatives" \(f\) and \(g\). Therefore, if the analogy with single-variable calculus is valid, we expect there is some constant \(C\) such that \(f(x)=g(x)+C\). The next theorem says that this is indeed the case.
 To state the next theorem with precision, we need to assume the domain of the vector field is connected and open. To be connected means if \(P_1\) and \(P_2\) are any two points in the domain, then you can walk from \(P_1\) to \(P_2\) along a path that stays entirely inside the domain.
 UNIQUENESS OF POTENTIAL FUNCTIONS
 Let \(\vecs{F}\) be a conservative vector field on an open and connected domain and let \(f\) and \(g\) be functions such that \(\vecs \nabla f=\vecs{F}\) and \(\vecs \nabla g=\vecs{F}\). Then, there is a constant \(C\) such that \(f=g+C\).
 Proof
 Since \(f\) and \(g\) are both potential functions for \(\vecs{F}\), then \(\vecs \nabla (f−g)=\vecs \nabla f−\vecs \nabla g=\vecs{F}−\vecs{F}=\vecs 0\). Let \(h=f−g\), then we have \(\vecs \nabla h=\vecs 0\).We would like to show that \(h\) is a constant function.
 Assume \(h\) is a function of \(x\) and \(y\) (the logic of this proof extends to any number of independent variables). Since \(\vecs \nabla h=\vecs 0\), we have \(h_x(x,y)=0\) and \(h_y(x,y)=0\). The expression \(h_x(x,y)=0\) implies that \(h\) is a constant function with respect to \


− . U(r) = − 2
5 2(4π 0 )2 r4 ∞ ∞ (4π 0 ) r (12.473) Atom
Ion r
p
q
The polarizability of sodium is given by α/4π 0 = 27 · 10−30 m3 . If the magnitude of the potential energy equals |U| = 4 · 10−21 J, then solving for r and setting q = e gives ⎤1/4 ⎡ 1/4
2 −30 3 −19 2 (27 · 10 m )(1.6 · 10 C) (α/4π 0 )q ⎥ ⎢ =⎣ r= ⎦ 2 C2 s 2(4π 0 )|U| −12 −21 (4 · 10 2 · 4π 8.85 · 10 J) kg m3
Eion
Figure 12.130.
Edipole
= 9.4 · 10−10 m.
(12.474)
If r is larger than this, then (on average) the thermal energy is sufficient to kick the ion out to infinity.
12.10 Chapter 10
751
10.9 Polarized water We must determine the number, n, of molecules of water per cubic centimeter. A mole of something with molecular mass M has a mass of M grams. (Equivalently, since the proton mass is 1.67 Âˇ 10âˆ’24 g, it takes 1/(1.67 Âˇ 10âˆ’24 ) = 6 Âˇ 1023 protons to make 1 gram, and this number is essentially Avogadroâ€™s number.) Water has a molecular weight of 18, so the number of water molecules per gram (= cm3 ) is n = (6 Âˇ 1023 /mole)/ (18 cm3 /mole) = 3.33 Âˇ 1022 cmâˆ’3 . The dipole moment of water can be written as p = 6.13 Âˇ 10âˆ’28 C-cm. Assuming the dipoles all point down, the polarization density is therefore P = np = (3.33 Âˇ 1022 cmâˆ’3 )(6.13 Âˇ 10âˆ’28 C-cm) = 2.04 Âˇ 10âˆ’5 C/cm2 . (12.475) From the reasoning in Section 10.7, this is the surface charge density, Ďƒ . The number of electrons per square centimeter it corresponds to is Ďƒ/e = (2.04 Âˇ 10âˆ’5 C/cm2 )/(1.6 Âˇ 10âˆ’19 C) = 1.3 Âˇ 1014 cmâˆ’2 . This is somewhat smaller than the number of surface molecules per square centimeter, which equals n2/3 = 1.0 Âˇ 1015 cmâˆ’2 because each edge of the 1 cm3 cube is (approximately) n1/3 molecules long. 10.10 Tangent field lines Consider the Gaussian surface indicated by the heavy line in Fig. 12.131. The side part of the surface is constructed to follow the field lines, so there is no flux there. Likewise, there is no flux through the top circular face, because the field is zero outside the capacitor plates. So the only flux comes from the great circle inside the sphere. From Eq. (10.53) the field inside the sphere has the uniform value of 3E0 /(2 + Îş). So the flux out of the Gaussian surface equals âˆ’Ď€R2 Âˇ 3E0 /(2 + Îş), where the minus arises because the flux is inward. The total charge enclosed in the Gaussian surface comes from two places: the negative charge in the circle on the upper capacitor plate, and the positive charge on the upper hemisphere. The former is simply qcap = (âˆ’Ďƒ )Ď€ r2 = (âˆ’0 E0 )Ď€ r2 , where we have used the fact that the charge densities on the capacitor plates are what cause the uniform field E0 ; hence E0 = Ďƒ/0 . The latter charge is just qsph = PĎ€ R2 , where P is the polarization, because the top patch of the column in Fig. 10.21(a) has a charge of P da (where da is the horizontal cross-sectional area), independent of the tilt angle of the actual end face. And all the da areas simply add up to the great-circle area, Ď€ R2 . (Or you could just integrate the P cos Î¸ surface density over the hemisphere.) Using the value of P from Eq. (10.54), Gaussâ€™s law gives  1 qcap + qsph 0   1 Îş âˆ’1 2 2 = 0 E0 Âˇ Ď€ R âˆ’0 E0 Ď€ r + 3 0 Îş +2 Îş âˆ’1 = âˆ’r2 + 3R2 Îş +2 3Îş . (12.476) =R Îş +2
E=0 â€“s
=â€“
0E0
E0
3E0
Îş+2
= 3E0 Îş +2 1 â‡’ âˆ’3R2 Îş +2
â‡’ âˆ’Ď€ R2
â‡’ r
s
Figure 12.131.
=
0E0
752
Solutions to the problems
As a check, we have r = R when κ = 1. In this case, our dielectric is just vacuum, so the field remains E0 everywhere; the field lines are all √ straight. Also, we have r = √3R when κ → ∞. In this limit the sphere is a conductor. The factor of 3 isn't so obvious. Note that, in the case of a conductor, a field line can't actually be tangent to the surface, because field lines must always be perpendicular to the surface of a conductor. What happens is that the external field approaches zero along the equator (the zero vector is, in some sense, both parallel and perpendicular to the surface). But a tiny distance away from the equator, the field is nonzero, so it is meaningful to ask where that field line ends up on the distant capacitor plates.
(Inside S)
–q
s
(Outside S)
q s
Figure 12.132.
10.11 Bound charge and divergence of P If we take the volume integral of both sides of Eq. (10.61) and use the divergence theorem, we see that our goal is to show that S P · da = −qbound , where qbound is the bound charge enclosed within the surface S. Assume that the polarization P arises from N dipoles per unit volume, each with a dipole moment p = qs. Then P = Np = Nqs. If the dipoles point in random directions, so that P = 0, then there is no extra bound charge in a given volume. But if they are aligned, so that P  = 0, and if additionally P varies with position, then there may be a net bound charge in the volume. The reasoning is as follows. Consider a collection of dipoles, as shown in Fig. 12.132. The vertical line represents a patch of the right-hand surface of S. How much extra negative charge is there inside S, that is, to the left of the line? If a given dipole lies entirely inside or outside S, then it contributes nothing to the net charge. But if a dipole is cut by the vertical line, then there is an extra charge of −q inside S. How many dipoles are cut by the line? Any dipole whose center lies within s/2 of the line gets cut by it. So the center must lie in a slab with thickness s, indicated by the shaded region in the figure. The two extreme dipole positions are indicated by the boxes. If the area of a given patch


Scaling and Parallel Processing in Spring Batch 2
Many batch processing problems can be solved with single threaded, single process jobs, so it is always a good idea to properly check if that meets your needs before thinking about more complex implementations. Measure the performance of a realistic job and see if the simplest implementation meets your needs first: you can read and write a file of several hundred megabytes in well under a minute, even with standard hardware.
When you are ready to start implementing a job with some parallel processing, Spring Batch offers a range of options, which are described in this chapter, although some features are covered elsewhere. At a high level there are two modes of parallel processing: single process, multi-threaded; and multi-process. These break down into categories as well, as follows:
 - Multi-threaded Step (single process)
 - Parallel Steps (single process)
 - Remote Chunking of Step (multi process)
 - Partitioning a Step (single or multi process)
Next we review the single-process options first, and then the multi-process options.
1. Multi-threaded Step-
 ...
The simplest way to start parallel processing is to add a TaskExecutor to your Step configuration.
In this example the taskExecutor is a reference to another bean definition, implementing the TaskExecutor interface. TaskExecutor is a standard Spring interface, so consult the Spring User Guide for details of available implementations. The simplest multi-threaded TaskExecutor is a SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor.
The result of the above configuration will be that the Step executes by reading, processing and writing each chunk of items (each commit interval) in a separate thread of execution. Note that this means there is no fixed order for the items to be processed, and a chunk might contain items that are non-consecutive compared to the single-threaded case. In addition to any limits placed by the task executor (e.g. if it is backed by a thread pool), there is a throttle limit in the tasklet configuration which defaults to 4. You may need to increase this to ensure that a thread pool is fully utilised, e.g.
 ...

Note also that there may be limits placed on concurrency by any pooled resources used in your step, such as a DataSource. Be sure to make the pool in those resources at least as large as the desired number of concurrent threads in the step.
2. Parallel Steps-
As long as the application logic that needs to be parallelized can be split into distinct responsibilities, and assigned to individual steps then it can be parallelized in a single process. Parallel Step execution is easy to configure and use, for example, to execute steps (step1,step2) in parallel with step3, you could configure a flow like this:

 <step id="step1" parent="s1" next="step2"/>
 <step id="step2" parent="s2"/>

 <step id="step3" parent="s3"/>

 <step id="step4" parent="s4"/>
<beans:bean id="taskExecutor" class="org.spr...SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor"/>
The configurable "task-executor" attribute is used to specify which TaskExecutor implementation should be used to execute the individual flows. The default is SyncTaskExecutor, but an asynchronous TaskExecutor is required to run the steps in parallel. Note that the job will ensure that every flow in the split completes before aggregating the exit statuses and transitioning.
3. Remote Chunking-
In Remote Chunking the Step processing is split across multiple processes, communicating with each other through some middleware. Here is a picture of the pattern in action:
The Master component is a single process, and the Slaves are multiple remote processes. Clearly this pattern works best if the Master is not a bottleneck, so the processing must be more expensive than the reading of items (this is often the case in practice).
The Master is just an implementation of a Spring Batch Step, with the ItemWriter replaced with a generic version that knows how to send chunks of items to the middleware as messages. The Slaves are standard listeners for whatever middleware is being used (e.g. with JMS they would be MesssageListeners), and their role is to process the chunks of items using a standard ItemWriter or ItemProcessor plus ItemWriter, through the ChunkProcessor interface. One of the advantages of using this pattern is that the reader, processor and writer components are off-the-shelf (the same as would be used for a local execution of the step). The items are divided up dynamically and work is shared through the middleware, so if the listeners are all eager consumers, then load balancing is automatic.
The middleware has to be durable, with guaranteed delivery and single consumer for each message. JMS is the obvious candidate, but other options exist in the grid computing and shared memory product space (e.g. Java Spaces).
Spring Batch has a sister project Spring Batch Admin, which provides(amongst other things) implementations of various patterns like this one using Spring Integration. These are implemented in a module called Spring Batch Integration.
4. Partitioning-
Spring Batch also provides an SPI for partitioning a Step execution and executing it remotely. In this case the remote participants are simply Step instances that could just as easily have been configured and used for local processing. Here is a picture of the pattern in action:
The Job is executing on the left hand side as a sequence of Steps, and one of the Steps is labelled as a Master. The Slaves in this picture are all identical instances of a Step, which could in fact take the place of the Master resulting in the same outcome for the Job. The Slaves are typically going to be remote services, but could also be local threads of execution. The messages sent by the Master to the Slaves in this pattern do not need to be durable, or have guaranteed delivery: Spring Batch meta-data in the JobRepository will ensure that each Slave is executed once and only once for each Job execution.
The SPI in Spring Batch consists of a special implementation of Step (the PartitionStep), and two strategy interfaces that need to be implemented for the specific environment. The strategy interfaces are PartitionHandler and StepExecutionSplitter, and their role is show in the sequence diagram below:
The Step on the right in this case is the "remote" Slave, so potentially there are many objects and or processes playing this role, and the PartitionStep is shown driving the execution. The PartitionStep configuration looks like this:

 <handler grid-size="10" task-executor="taskExecutor"/<

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Cape Town, South Africa – The population of South Africa increased by more than half a million, 530 000 to be exacy. The amount of people now living in South Africa is 49.99 million according to Statistics South Africa's Mid-year population estimates.
There are also more females in South Africa than males with females making 51% of the population.
There are 79 percent black people making 39.68 million and 4.58 million white people with 4.42 million coloured following.
Gauteng has the biggest population in South Africa standing at 11.19million followed by KwaZulu-Natal with 21.3 percent.
The Northern Cape has the least amount of people according to Stats SA.


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Improving the understanding of disaster risks in Europe is an important step towards effective disaster risk reduction, and constitutes the basis for planning emergency preparedness and response to emergencies and disasters in Europe. The Overview of Risks is one of the disaster prevention measures foreseen under the Union Civil Protection Mechanism. At the same time, it represents one of the European Commission's main commitments set out in the Action Plan for the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Its launch coincides with the participation of the European Commission at the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction, last May in Cancun, Mexico. The Overview of Risks compiles outcomes of disaster risk assessments undertaken at national levels across Europe and cross-references them with scientific and other data. The analysis highlights the predominant attention given to disaster risks such as flood, extreme weather, forest fire, industrial accidents and the disruption of critical infrastructure. Other disaster risks such as pandemics, radiological accidents, terrorism, cybercrime, earthquakes and animal diseases are also of particular importance to emergency management authorities across Europe.
The Overview of Risks is available at: _URL_


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For those of you who've ever put a cut on a tree's trunk would have noticed a sticky and gooey liquid coming out of the cut. This is sap and does the same job for plants and trees as blood does for humans and animals. While humans and animals need blood to survive, we can also say that trees need sap for their survival.
Mainly there are three different types of sap available in plants – sap, xylem sap and phloem sap. While sap mostly consists of water, xylem sap is a watery solution of hormones, minerals and other nutrients. On the other hand, Phloem sap is made up of water, sugar, hormones and other minerals.
Just like blood carries essential nutrients to all parts of our body, sap carries minerals, sugar and water to all parts of a tree. Further, sap also protects the tree from freezing during extremely cold conditions and keeps them alive during the winters. Moreover, without the sap being flowing through the tree, it would be difficult for trees to disseminate the food and survive.
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Now that you have your breeding pair, all you have to do is introduce them.
Gerbils are very territorial creatures and will not tolerate being put together without any sort of introduction. Improper introduction will usually result in fighting and your gerbils can get severely hurt.
In the wild, one gerbil would chase the intruder away, but in a tank there is nowhere to go and so they will fight to the death.
There are some instances, however, where an introduction period may not be necessary. If both gerbils are under the age of 8 weeks, or if one is a lone adult male gerbil and the other is a female gerbil under the age of 8 weeks, a split cage may not be needed. In both these cases, the gerbils may take to each other immediately, but if you see any hostility, you will need to use one of the two methods below.
Main methods of introducing gerbils
Split cage method
For this method you will need a tank and a piece of wire mesh (hardware cloth) that is cut to fit diagonally across the tank, from top to bottom.
You want to use wire mesh with small holes, no larger than 1/2 inch, otherwise the gerbils can harm each other through the divider.
I personally use 1/4 inch wire mesh and have had no problems with biting injuries.
You also want to make sure that there is no space that a gerbil can squeeze through to get at the other gerbil.
I place a heavy object, such as a dictionary, on top of the tank to weigh down the lid. This prevents the gerbils from sneaking over top of the divider. Make sure the tank has been thoroughly cleaned with regular soap, rinsed with water and dried completely. Then you should add fresh bedding. I like to keep the tank empty except for shavings, a toilet paper roll and some tissue for bedding on each side of the split. I find the introduction process takes longer if there is additional toys and housing in the tank that could distract the gerbils from the introduction.
Now that your tank is ready, place one gerbil on each side of the split cage. The gerbils may exhibit aggressive behaviour such as chewing at the divider or they may just calmly sniff each other through the holes. Don't be worried that they are acting aggressively, it just means they will likely need to be split for a longer period of time. You want to switch the gerbils to each other's side of the tank about 4 times a day. This allows them to learn each other's scent and eventually no longer recognize the other gerbil as a threat. The split cage can take anywhere between 2 days and 2 weeks. Even if it takes longer than that, it is okay, just have patience. I have never had a split cage fail yet!
This method is very similar to the split-cage method, except you use a small wire cage to split the gerbils rather than a divider.
Just like the split-cage method, you want to clean the tank and the cage very well with soap and water and dry them completely.
Then you can add shavings, some cardboard and some facial tissue in both the tank and cage.
Place one gerbil in the tank and the other in the cage. Switch them about 4 times a day until they are ready to introduce.
I don't like the cage-within-cage method as much because the cage bars tend to be spaced more far apart than the holes in the wire mesh. A very determined gerbil could manage to bite the other gerbil through the cage bars. Some people have had great luck with the cage-within-cage method, but I've always used the split-cage method instead.
Putting your gerbils together
The best indicator that your gerbils are ready to have the split removed, is if you seem them sleeping next to each other through the divider.
Another great sign is if you observe them grooming each other.
Some gerbils never exhibit this sort of behaviour, however. In that case, you may just need to introduce them when they stop marking everything frantically when you switch their sides.
If they seem to be nonchalant about the existance of the gerbil on the other side of the split, then it may be time to try removing the barrier.
When you do remove the split, make sure to wear thick leather gloves and have an extra container to put the other gerbil in if they fight. If the gerbils do decide to fight, you don't want to stick your bare hand in there, because they will bite you. I can tell you from experience that it really hurts!
It is perfectly normal for gerbils that have been introduced to sniff each other's rear ends a lot. There may be some thumping and often the gerbils will try to mark each other with their scent gland (looks kind of like mating, but isn't). Boxing behaviour is pretty normal too, where they stand on their hind legs and swat each other with their paws. These behaviours are quite harmless unless they get out of hand. You need to watch the gerbils for at least 2 hours to make sure that they are going to get along. If they start grooming each other or you see them sleeping in a nest together, then they probably will be fine.
If you see any overly aggressive behaviour, you will need to resplit your gerbils and try again. Please don't lose hope, these things happen. With patience, you should see your gerbils together eventually. I have never had a split-cage fail before. The general rule is to try split-caging your gerbils for 2 full weeks. If they fight, then split cage them again. If the third time fails, then they will probably never live together. I cannot stress enough that you need lots of patience.
Aggressive behaviour includes actual fighting, where the two gerbils roll into a ball and are biting each other's throats. If they roll into a ball, you must seperate them immediately! This is a fight to the death! Another warning sign is if you see one gerbil chasing the other gerbil crazily, and the gerbil being chased is squeaking wildly. These gerbils would need to be resplit. Other things to watch for are aggressive marking where one gerbil won't leave the other alone and overgrooming where the gerbil being groomed is squeaking a lot.


text:
How to find and break external links in Excel?
In Excel, we usually create some external links for some purposes, however, after finishing the specific purpose, you may want to find and break all the external links. Here I introduce you the tricks to quickly find and break external links.
You maybe interested in this utility:
- Reuse Anything: Add the most used or complex formulas, charts and anything else to your favorites, and quickly reuse them in the future.
- More than 20 text features: Extract Number from Text String; Extract or Remove Part of Texts; Convert Numbers and Currencies to English Words.
- Merge Tools: Multiple Workbooks and Sheets into One; Merge Multiple Cells/Rows/Columns Without Losing Data; Merge Duplicate Rows and Sum.
- Split Tools: Split Data into Multiple Sheets Based on Value; One Workbook to Multiple Excel, PDF or CSV Files; One Column to Multiple Columns.
- Paste Skipping Hidden/Filtered Rows; Count And Sum by Background Color; Send Personalized Emails to Multiple Recipients in Bulk.
- Super Filter: Create advanced filter schemes and apply to any sheets; Sort by week, day, frequency and more; Filter by bold, formulas, comment...
- More than 300 powerful features; Works with Office 2007-2019 and 365; Supports all languages; Easy deploying in your enterprise or organization.
If you want to find and break external links, you can apply Edit Link function.
1. Click Data > Edit Links. See screenshot:
2. In the Edit Links dialog, select a workbook that you want to break the external links, and then click Break Link. See screenshot:
3. In the popping out warning dialog box, please click the Break Links button. See screenshot:
4. Then repeat step 2 to break all external links from the whole workbook. After removing all external links, please close the Edit Links dialog box.
With above method, you will break all the external links from the same workbook, but in sometimes, you may want to break some of the external links from different worksheets, in this case, you can use Kutools for Excel's Find and Break Broken Links function to solve.
|Kutools for Excel, with more than 300 handy functions, makes your jobs more easier.|
After free installing Kutools for Excel, please do as below:
1. Click Kutools > Link > Find and Break Broken Links. See screenshot:
2. In the Find and Break Broken Links dialog, you can see all the external links are list in the dialog, and check the links you want to break and then click Break link to break all the checked links.
1. In the Find and Break Broken Links dialog, you can filter links based on linked worksheet by selecting the sheet name from the Filter dropdown list.
2. You also can view the cell in actual time when you click the link in the Find and Break Broken Links dialog after checking View cell option.
- How to split date and time from a cell to two cells in Excel?
- How to quickly add hours/minutes/second to date and time in Excel?
- How to convert hyperlinks to plain texts in Excel?


text:
Australian Theatre, Film and Learning
This unit of study will examine the nature of theatre and film in Australian cultural and educational settings. A particular focus will be placed on theatre and film for and by young people, and the range of learnings that take place through young people's engagement in, and appreciation of, theatre and film. In addition, the role and nature of Australian film and theatre will be placed within an international context so that students can examine the international forces influencing Australian culture. Indigenous issues in Australian Film and Theatre will be examined. Australian Theatre, Film and Learning will provide first hand experiences of Australian films and theatre performances through field trips to significant theatre performances and festivals, Australian school performances and the viewing of Australian films.
Essay (2500 words), Film Assignment essay (2500 words).


System configuration
The grid-independent battery inverters and batteries are usually designed using the System configuration. For systems with several units of battery inverters and batteries (clusters) a MultiCluster Box must be used. The minimum size is automatically suggested using the system configuration. Alternatively, the design can also be created or adapted manually.
To design the battery inverters and batteries using system configuration, proceed as follows:
 1. Open system configuration via the button
 - First, the battery inverter is designed and then the batteries.
 2. System configuration: Battery inverter
 System configuration: Battery inverter
 1. Click the button to determine the possible battery inverter configurations.
 2. Select the desired configuration and change to design the batteries.
 3. System configuration: Battery
 System configuration: Battery
 1. Select the desired Design period
 - The design period specifies the period with its mean solar radiation gains on which the determination of the autonomy time is based.
 2. Enter the desired autonomy time
 3. Use the button to select all batteries to be used as selection basis
 4. Via the automatic design of the batteries is started
 - The number of batteries and their number in series is determined.
 - A maximum discharge to 20% of the battery capacity is assumed.
 5. Select the desired configuration
See also


text: This paper demonstrates that the active ingredient in many common tablets (anti-depressives, pain relievers, epileptic medicine and anti-histamines) can be recognized directly and without any pretreatment using hot cell membrane inlet mass spectrometry (hot cell MIMS). The tablets were simply placed in a sample vial and then dumped into a small oven heated to approximately 200°C (the hot cell). The hot cell was interfaced directly to the ion source of an electron ionization mass spectrometer (EI-MS) via a polymer membrane. A few minutes thereafter an EI-MS spectrum of the chemicals desorped from the sample was recorded. Even though the tablets contained a significant number of chemicals (fillers) and often a polymer coating in addition to the active ingredients simple EI-MS spectra were recorded, wherefrom the active ingredient could be recognized by comparison with a standard EI-MS database. Of the eight tablets tested only one tablet, Bio-Melatonin (sleeping disorder), did not give a recognizable EI-MS spectrum. Over a period of 6 months the spectra recorded from the tablets did not change and the active ingredients were always recognized. The reproducibility of signal intensities from characteristic ions following successive injections was high (≈7%) for tablets without surface coating, whereas it varied up to 25% for tablets with a surface coating. Since hot cell MIMS is fully compatible with field portable instruments our results open the possibility of creating a small portable mass spectrometer for use in paramedical vehicles for immediate, on-site identification of medications found near intoxicated patients.


text:
Bringing Innovation to Scale
A synthesis of learning from four projects of the Economic Innovations Incentives Fund.
This report synthesizes learning from four Oxfam America projects undertaken with support from the Economic Innovation Incentives Fund (EIIF). The EIIF projects seek to promote institutional learning and develop innovation in climate change adaptation. They are also designed specifically with a view towards scaling up impact: the question of which individual innovations developed with EIIF funding are worthy of scale up, and how that process can take place, was a central concern. Building on research from four country reports, in Mali, Ethiopia, Peru and Cambodia, the report seeks to address the following questions:
- What can we say about approaches and techniques in funding and learning from innovation projects? What was successful and should be replicated and what were some of the less successful areas and pitfalls?
- What were some of the lessons learned around Oxfam's support for climate change adaptation, given our values and mission as well as our operating model?


Lahey/GNU Fortran
MSBuild is Microsoft's XML-based build system. It is integrated with Visual Studio, but it can also be used on the command line. This section briefly describes how to use MSBuild to build Fortran projects from the command line. For a comprehensive description of MSBuild, see the MSDN documentation for msbuild.exe.
Building a Fortran Project
A Fortran project is built by passing MSBuild the project name. For example, the following command will build the Demo project when it is issued in the directory where the project file exists:
 msbuild demo.lfproj
Note: MSBuild will not create directories for you, they must already exist when running MSBuild from the command line.
Building Fortran Targets
Fortran targets can be built with the /target: option. For example, to clean the Demo project, use the following command:
 msbuild /target:Clean demo.lfproj
The default targets provided with every Fortran project are:
Setting Properties
Properties are set with the /property: option. For example, to build the Release version of the Demo project, use the following:
 msbuild /property:Configuration=Release demo.lfproj
Compiler options can be set as properties for the entire project, but not for individual files. Compile-time options can be sent to the compiler using the "CompileOptions" property. Link-time options can be sent to the compiler using the "LinkOptions" property. When multiple properties are specified, they are separated with semicolons. Each property should contain options just as they are sent to the compiler. If an option contains a space, the entire option string should be enclosed in quotes. Multiple options should be separated with a vertical bar. For example, to specify the compiler options -ap -chk, and the linker option -staticlib use the command:
 msbuild /property:compileoptions="-ap|-chk";linkoptions="-staticlink" demo.lfproj


As a student ambassador to the Wisconsin School of Business, I have become the face of the school to most incoming students. The other ambassadors and I give informational sessions, meet with families and answer questions that potential students may have through phone calls and emails.
For a job as demanding as this, knowing everything about the business school, including statistics, requirements and contacts, is a must. But being the face of a school, while it does come with incredibly rewarding experiences and skills (and some cool polos), also means facing students who may not be happy with their results.
When a potential student does not get into the school, they reach out to ambassadors. When a parent becomes angry, looking at the email that says their child did not get accepted, they reach out to ambassadors.
Speaking with these students and their parents about solutions to what they consider the end of their life plans requires ambassadors not only know about other ways to study business, but also have empathy for each student that goes through the process. It requires being able to feel for someone who you've never met and probably will never meet in your entire life.
Having empathy also means realizing where students struggle most and trying to help them. In most cases, the business school does a very good job with this. Pre-business advisors, ambassadors and websites filled with information about how to apply all help potential students in making sure they are ready to submit an amazing application.
But after talking to countless potential students, I've learned there are areas where the Business School can do a better job in helping students get into the school.
Business school dean steps down for faculty positionThe Dean of the University of Wisconsin School of Business announced Tuesday she will be stepping down from her role Read…
Right now, a student can only apply to the business school if they meet certain requirements. Among those are certain classes — microeconomics, calculus, psychology and communication arts — along with a minimum GPA of 2.75.
All of these requirements are ones that the student has great control over. In most cases, students can easily take the classes that fit the requirements and decide to put in the work necessary to earn a higher GPA.
The one requirement that students cannot control is known as the "86-credit rule." Essentially, the 86-credit rule means a student cannot apply to the Wisconsin School of Business if they have 86 or more credits completed.
This rule is in place for many reasons, but mainly, between 86 and 120 credits (the requirement to graduate), there is not enough the business school can teach you to prepare you for the business world afterward. Thirty-four credits will not fit the requirements or teach a student everything the business school has to offer.
The issue is that students come in with however many credits they complete in AP scores or from a different university. What this means is that while students can choose to take certain classes to meet the requirements, they can't choose which credits they want to transfer and may be ineligible to apply due to the credit cap.
For example, a friend of mine came in with around 40 credits from AP scores and from testing out of her Spanish classes. This warranted a huge celebration, as it meant she could brag to her friends that she had sophomore standing. But her celebration ended when she learned that she only had one opportunity to apply to the business school because by the spring of her sophomore year, she would already have over 86 credits.
Suddenly, the ease that comes with knowing students can apply twice to the Wisconsin School of Business (if they don't get in the first time) didn't apply to her. She would only have one chance to make it into the school, or her dream of majoring in accounting with a degree from the business school that she had been planning since the early years of high school may be over.
UW business school proposes cutting full-time MBA programUniversity of Wisconsin faculty will review the Wisconsin School of Business proposal to suspend admission to their full-time Masters of Read…
Collin Dott, a sophomore involved in the ASM internship program, actually met with different business students and directors, including Dean Massey, about this issue. His proposal — that only business-related credits count toward the 86-credit-cap, has not been implemented yet but has received positive feedback from a lot of other students and staff in the business school.
This way, a student coming in with six credits in psychology and math and 20 credits in electives, knows only the six credits would count towards the actual credit cap, allowing them to apply a second time if they don't get in the first. A sophomore, who had recently just developed an interest in business, can rest assured that only their business classes would count towards the credit cap.
There is nothing harder than answering a phone call from an eager transfer student, whose entire life changed when they saw the acceptance letter to the University of Wisconsin, and telling them they are ineligible to apply to the business school because they took too many classes in their previous college.
Even with news that the business school will be accepting more direct admits, though this idea may not be the right solution, the requirement still leaves out those who were not accepted the first time, those who did not apply directly, or those who transferred. Something must change.


text:
Thousands Count Endangered Bird in India
BOMBAY, India Carrying binoculars and notebooks, thousands of nature lovers and conservationists scoured semiarid grasslands of western India Sunday to count a bird considered on the brink of extinction.
The Great Indian Bustard is long-legged with a black crown on its forehead and stands up to 3 1/2 feet tall. It breeds in grassy plains in western India and its dwindling numbers are the first warning that the grasslands are deteriorating.
"Never before has a census been done on such a scale," said conservationist D.R. Panihar about the launch of the first in a series of efforts to protect the bird. "The situation is so alarming that if effective conservation steps are not taken the Great Indian Bustard will be extinct soon."
The International Union for Conservation of Nature said last year the bird was perhaps the most endangered member of the 22-species bustard family worldwide, and could be extinct within a decade.
India ranks third after Indonesia and the Philippines among Asian countries with the most threatened species of birds. Hunting and livestock grazing are the main reasons for halving the population of the bird in India in the past six years.
Already, the bird has almost entirely disappeared from Pakistan, according to the IUCN.
The conservation group appealed to India and Pakistan to curtail overgrazing of grasslands and stop poaching to protect the estimated 500 individuals remaining in the species.
"The figures are a cause for concern and have alerted foresters and nature lovers," Panihar said. After the census, efforts would begin to identify and preserve grasslands for the bustard, he said.
Director of the Bombay Natural History Society Asad Rahmani said the monsoon season was the best time to conduct the census since the bustards gather at breeding areas.
"Like the tiger is the spirit of the Indian forest, the Great Indian Bustard is a symbol of the grasslands," said Rahmani. "It's a flagship species and must be preserved."
Source: Associated Press


text:
A store-bought Karelian pasty
|Place of origin||Finland|
|Region or state||Karelia|
|Main ingredient(s)||rye flour or wheat flour, rice, butter|
||This article relies largely or entirely upon a single source. (May 2010)|
Karelian pasties or Karelian pies (South Karelian dialect of Finnish: karjalanpiirakat, singular karjalanpiirakka; North Karelian dialect of Finnish: karjalanpiiraat, singular karjalanpiiras; Karelian: kalitt, singular kalittoa; Olonets Karelian: šipainiekku) are traditional pasties from the region of Karelia. Today they are eaten throughout Finland as well as in the neighbouring Estonia.
The oldest traditional pasties usually had a rye crust, but the North Karelian and Ladoga Karelian variants also had wheat alongside of rye to improve the baking characteristics of the available rye breads. The common fillings of this era were barley and talkkuna. The 19th century first introduced potato and buckwheat as new fillings, and later due to trade, also rice and millet.
Nowadays in the most familiar and common recipe the pasties are made from a thin rye crust with a filling of rice. Butter, often mixed with boiled egg (egg butter or munavoi), is spread over the hot pasties before eating.
 See also
- EU Profile-Karjalanpiirakka (accessed 07/06/2009)
|Wikibooks Cookbook has a recipe/module on|
Wikimedia Commons have a Category:Karjalanpiirakka
|This pie or tart-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


text:
Factors contributing to unemployment among graduates
Of unemployment among graduates and how to overcome them individual factors less communication skills, soft skills and experience working and rather choose employment to. For the first time, we now have clear statistics of unemployment among youth, including those who have just recently graduated as stated by the department of statistics malaysia, the unemployment rates among fresh graduates have increased from 30% in 2013 to 34% in 2016 and national unemployment was 35% out of 14 million malaysians in the labour market. Unemployment among malaysia graduates: graduates'attributes, lecturers' competency and quality of education are among the factors that contribute to the unemployment problem among the . Unemployment has been one of the serious problems among fresh graduates these days, as there are many competitors out there that even a graduate with an excellent result may also be unemployed according to the department of statistics, malaysia (_PHONE_), the unemployment rates have increased from 26% in 1996 to 36% in 2003.
Factors contributing to unemployment among graduates essay the main cause of unemployment among graduates would be the lack of professional connections. Scenario of unemployment among graduates education essay among factors that lead to graduates unemployment were: graduates are capable of contributing to . Find the significance factors that contribute to the unemployment among fresh graduates in malaysia 20 literature review according to department of statistics, malaysia (2013) the unemployment rate in september 2013 shows a.
Read this essay on factors affecting unemployment of fresh graduates to investigates the effects of unemployment among fresh graduates factors that promote . Factors influencing unemployment among graduates in malaysia, 978-3-659-60979-4, 9783659609794, 365960979x, economics , the purpose of this study was to determine the significant factors that influence unemployment among graduates in malaysia. Factors contributing to high unemployment rate among graduates carrine a nandwa abstract each year numerous graduates emerge and start the search for jobs with little or no success. Unemployment issue in malaysia rahmah et al (2011) mentioned that one of the factors that contribute to the unemployment problem among the malaysian graduates is the quality of the graduates there are employers in the industry, who gave negative comments on the graduates and mentioned that the graduates do not have the suitable skills and .
Factors effecting unemployment: a cross country inverse relation among growth and the unemployment the relationship among unemployment is to find out if . The last solution for unemployment among university graduates is the ministry should review the tertiary education system factors contributing to unemployment . Discussion of factors to the unemployment i)unemployment in malaysia and other countries the high unemployment rate among fresh graduates over the past .
The purpose of this study was to determine the significance factors that influence unemployment among graduates in malaysia the variables consists job mismatch, english proficiency and employability skills are stated as independent variables for this study. There are many factors that lead to the unemployment among the graduates a highlighted in the survey conducted by the ministry of higher education (mohe) in 2011 the results from the. The innovation of this paper is using a multinomial probit model for multi-objectives, covering college graduates' employment, unemployment and graduate study affected by three factors: reputation of college, major, and gender. Field of studythe chi-square test showed significant differences among the factors (χ 2 =4329, p=0000) age was the most important factor (642%) key words: unemployment, graduates, artist . Educated unemployment or underemployment is due to a mismatch between the aspirations of graduates and employment opportunities available to them it was found that two factors are important regarding graduate unemployment or underemployment, namely incidence and duration.
Factors contributing to unemployment among graduates
An investigation into the causes of unemployment among to find out the major causes of unemployment among unemployment unemployed youths are graduates of an . Rising unemployment – are there too many graduates south korea has among the highest university participation rates in the world, at around 80% compared with . Graduates' characteristics and unemployment: a study among research towards identifying the relevant factors is required in determining unemployment among . The high rate of unemployment among emerging adults (aged 18 to 25 years) is a public health concern the risk of depression is higher among the unemployed than among the employed, but little is known about the relationship between unemployment and mental health among emerging adults this secondary .
Graduate unemployment in ghana: possible case of poor response of that education does not contribute to development, but the three factors in the graduate . Each year numerous graduates emerge and start the search for jobs with little or no success this project will study some of the factors leading to unemployment among graduates despite being educated and competently qualified to work in their area of study.
What you didn't know about fresh graduate unemployment in malaysia [infographic] (updated) /. The increasing unemployment rate among the graduates in malaysia is a worrying trend discussion of factors to the unemployment i)unemployment in . The increasing unemployment rate among the graduates in malaysia is a worrying trend for many years, the issue cropped up again and again, made the news headlines, and even hit the parliament the days have passed when a degree scroll can become your automatic passport to employment higher . Factors to unemployment among graduates apparently, there are various factors that have contributed to these worrying statistics and among them is the increased retirement age within the government sector and the lack of suitable jobs in the private market that forces graduates out of the job market frequently.


text:
What is covered in this training product?
When the need arises to create complex effects and custom setups within your Softimage project, many artists elect to use ICE, a visual programming environment included with Softimage that allows artists and technical directors to create custom solutions for many of the challenges associated with working on visual effects and animation for production.
One of the latest features to be integrated into Softimage, is the amazing Lagoa Multiphysics system. Lagoa can perform many tasks that are useful for achieving complex effects and projects. It can be used to simulate breakable materials, cloth, advected meshes, fluids, and more. Lagoa is completely integrated within Softimage via ICE, in fact, you use it within ICE, making it as much a part of Softimage as any other compounds or effects created inside ICE. Lagoa is not a plugin and there is no additional installation necessary, simply open Softimage as usual and start creating effects immediately.
In this training product, you'll be shown how to work with Lagoa from start to finish. We'll begin your journey into Lagoa by getting started with the basics of Lagoa and understanding all the nodes and properties that comprise a typical range of Lagoa effects. From there, following a healthy series of example projects, you will be shown; creating and working with complex fluid simulations, implementing motion blur with Lagoa correctly, creating soft body effects, creating cloth and mesh advection effects, creating and implementing Lagoa Post Sim Effects, creating multi-phase systems, working with and creating substance materials, using emPolygonizer to mesh your Lagoa effects, creating realistic effects both through physical accuracy and visual aesthetics, and more. As if that wasn't enough, you'll also learn tricks and techniques for optimizing and caching your Lagoa effects and meshes in order to speed things up and get the best interaction with Lagoa that you can. This training product includes all project files and assets needed to follow along with the instructor. Project files require Autodesk Softimage 2012.
- · 01_Overview
- · 02_Your_First_Lagoa_Effect
- · 03_Anatomy_of_Lagoa
- · 04_Lagoa_Particle_Emission
- · 05_Lagoa_Forces
- · 06_Lagoa_Materials_Pressure
- · 07_Lagoa_Materials_Elasticity
- · 08_Lagoa_Collisions
- · 09_Fluid_Example_Part_01
- · 10_Fluid_Example_Part_02
- · 11_Fluid_Example_Part_03
- · 12_Caching_Lagoa_Particles
- · 13_Caching_Polygonizer_Meshes
- · 14_Rendering_with_Motion_Blur
- · 15_Soft_Bodies_Example_Part_01
- · 16_Soft_Bodies_Example_Part_02
- · 17_Soft_Bodies_Example_Part_03
- · 18_Lagoa_Cloth
- · 19_Lagoa_Mesh_Advection
- · 20_Advanced_Lagoa_Example_Part_01
- · 21_Advanced_Lagoa_Example_Part_02
- · 22_Lagoa_Post_Sim_Effects_Part_01
- · 23_Lagoa_Post_Sim_Effects_Part_02
- · 24_Lagoa_Multi-Phase_Systems_Part_01
- · 25_Lagoa_Multi-Phase_Systems_Part_02
Total Running Time 3 Hours and 40 Minutes


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Visions Journal
Visions—Social Support
PDF | Vol. 6, No. 4 (2011)
In this issue of Visions, we examine the many faces and facets of social support. Social support—that is, being connected to others who care—is an important part of overall health and well-being. The positive effects of social support in mental health and substance use are significant. But is any support good support? How can we make positive changes to our social supports? And how do technology and online communities affect social support? These are just a few of the themes we'll explore.
Experiences and Perspectives
Alternatives and Approaches
Regional Programs
Stay Connected


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Kyle Carter
Kyle Carter
Posted on • Updated on
Effective Java! Use Interfaces Only to Define Types
The purpose of interfaces is to define a type. When a class implements an interface that should tell the user of the class something about what that class can do. If we are abusing interfaces for other purposes that is an inappropriate use of an interface. That's basically the whole of the content of this chapter. So if the interfaces is not being used to define a type what is it being used for? The most common use case is the Constant Interface Anti-Pattern. It looks something like this:
// Antipattern
public interface PhysicalConstants {
 static final double AVOGAROS_NUMBER = 6.022_140_857e23;
 static final double ELECTRON_MASS = 9.109_383_56e-31;
}
When a class implements an interface like the above what does that tell us about that class? Really nothing. It's implementing it because it want's access to those constants but the consumers of the class don't need to know that. What it can also do is cause the consumers of your class to become dependent on those constants which locks you as the implementer from being able to remove these constants. If the constants aren't part of the value that is provided by your class we shouldn't be exposing them to our consumers like this interface does. So if we aren't to do this what are we to do?
public final class PhysicalConstants {
 private PhysicalConstants() { }
 public static final double AVOGAROS_NUMBER = 6.022_140_857e23;
 public static final double ELECTRON_MASS = 9.109_383_56e-31;
}
What we did above was create a utility class that holds the constants. This now forces it to stay simply an implementation detail and not pollute the public interface of our class. We may seem to lose out from accessing the constants in such a simple manner and have to fully qualify them (ELECTRON_MASS vs PhysicalConstants.ELECTRON_MASS) but we can get around this annoyance by doing a static import of the constant.
This chapter simply comes down to use the tools and functionality for what it was built, don't abuse it and use it in a way that it wasn't intended.
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text: This paper describes the development of a fully automated instrument that measures critical spray characteristics of liquid atomizers via an optical, direct-imaging method. The system uses a gas laser as the illumination source to backlight a liquid spray and a lens system to project an image of silhouetted droplets on a vidicon tube. A microcomputer performs all system control and data analysis as well as diagnostic functions. A data acquisition front-end supplies droplet data to the computer in real time. Pertinent system design issues are discussed, and the resulting design choices are described. When fully operational, the cycle time for sample hardware testing, data analysis, and report preparation is expected to be under 30 min. The optical portion of the system has already been used successfully to visualize and videotape numerous sprays.