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May 21, 2015
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Java Ordered Collections: Trees and Skip Lists
 - January 9, 2009
 - By Mark Grand
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The binary tree shown in Figure 4 does not branch. To find the node for 9 requires searching very other node in the binary tree. A tree like this is not very fast to search. This brings me to the second rule that the TreeSet uses for its binary tree.
The second rule is that the tree must be balanced. Balanced means that the tree branches and the leaf nodes are about the same distance from the root of the tree. By distance, I mean the number of nodes between the root and the leaf. To keep its binary tree balanced, a TreeSet object may need to adjust the organization of its binary tree after each add or remove operation.
If the tree is perfectly balanced, the leaf node farthest from the root node is no more than one node farther from the root node than the nearest leaf node. The binary tree in Figure 1 is perfectly balanced.
On average, it takes less time to search for objects in a perfectly balanced binary tree than to search in a tree that is less well balanced. However, it turns out algorithms for keeping a tree perfectly balanced can require a lot of effort in some cases. Algorithms that keep a binary tree partially balanced within a guaranteed limit require a lot less effort.
The effort to keep a tree perfectly balanced may be justified if it is expected that many more search operations than adds or removes will be made. However, because TreeSet is a general purpose class, it uses an algorithm called red black tree. Red black tree guarantees that the distance from the root to the most distant leaf is no more than twice the distance from the root to the nearest leaf.
Earlier in this article, I mentioned that the choice to use a TreeSet has concurrency implications. None of its methods are synchronized. If two threads attempt to modify a TreeSet at the same time, it will break. To avoid this problem, it is up to the caller to arrange for calls to a TreeSet to be single threaded. If a TreeSet object's methods will have multiple callers, the solution is to have them call the TreeSet object's methods through a wrapper object whose methods are synchronized. This is commonly arranged code similar to this:
SortedSet set s = Collections.synchronizedSortedSet(new TreeSet());
The challenge this presents for concurrency is that access to the entire TreeSet object is forced to be single threaded. If there are more than a few threads trying to add objects to or remove object from the same TreeSet object, they will all need to wait for their turn. For situations like this, the better choice is ConcurrentSkipListSet.
ConcurrentSkipListSet
java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentSkipListSet is a thread-safe implementation of the SortedSet interface. Multiple threads can add and remove objects at the same time and work correctly. However, individual search, add, and remove operations take longer for a ConcurrentSkipListSet than for a TreeSet, so you usually should not use ConcurrentSkipListSet unless concurrency is an issue.
One other caution about the ConcurrentSkipListSet is that the size() method can take a long time. To avoid needing locks, the ConcurrentSkipListSet does not keep a running count of the number of objects that are currently in the set. For this reason, the size method works by iterating over the objects in the ConcurrentSkipListSet and counts them.
You now have the information you need to decide when it is appropriate to use a TreeSet or a ConcurrentSkipListSet. However, when using a ConcurrentSkipListSet, it may be helpful to understand the underlying data structure.
The ConcurrentSkipListSet is based on a data structure called a skip list. Unlike a binary tree, the internal organization of a skip list does not need to be adjusted because of the order that data is added or removed. The internal organization of a skip list is based on random numbers and is not dependent on the actual data in the skip list.
Figure 5 shows an example of a skip list.
Figure 5: Skip List
The first node in the skip list is called the header. It refers to other nodes or an object called NIL. NIL is at the end of every skip list. Both the header and NIL are in every skip list, even if the skip list is empty.
The header is the first node in multiple linked lists. These linked lists are called level 1, level 2, … In Figure 5, the level 1 list is shown towards the bottom of the diagram and the level 4 list is shown towards the top of the list.
Nodes that appear in the linked lists between the header and NIL have associated value objects. The order in which nodes appear in the linked lists is based on their value objects and determined by the natural ordering of the value objects or by a Comparator.
All of the nodes in a skip list are in the level 1 linked list. Roughly ½ of the nodes in a skip list are in the level 1 and 2 linked lists. About ½ of those nodes (about ¼ of all the nodes) are also in the level 3 linked list. If there are higher levels of linked lists, each linked list includes about ½ of the nodes in the linked list in the next lower level.
The algorithm for searching a skip list starts at the highest level linked list, looking for a node whose value is greater than or equal to the value being searched for. If the value of a node is equal to what is being searched for, the search is done. Otherwise, the search backs up a node and continues one level of linked list down until either the search is successful or there are no more nodes to search. To clarify the search process, here is an example:
Suppose that you are searching the skip list shown in Figure 6 for an object with the value 5. There are four levels in the skip list, so you start with the level 4 linked list. The first node on the level 4 linked list (after the header) has the value 2. Because 2 is less than 5, you look at the next node on the level 4 linked list.
The next node on the level 4 linked list is NIL. Because NIL is the end of the linked list, the search continues on the level 3 linked list.
The next node on the level 3 linked list after the node with the value 2 has the value 9. Because 9 is greater than 5, the search continues on the level 2 linked list.
The next node on the level 2 linked list after the node with the value 2 has the value 4. Because 4 is less than 5, the search continues with the next node on the level 2 linked list.
The next node on the level 2 linked list after the node with the value 4 has the value 6. Because 6 is greater than 5, the search continues on the level 1 linked list.
The next node on the level 1 linked list after the node with the value 4 has the value 5. Because that is equal to the value we are looking for, the search is done.
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Rocket Fuel


text: Recent fluctuations of agricultural commodity prices have stimulated the debate on the potential causes of price volatility. One explanation is that weather shocks or other external factors perturb supply, thus leading to price fluctuations. An alternative explanation proposes that the persistent fluctuations are the result of nonlinear dynamics and would even occur in the absence of external shocks. This paper focuses on the latter explanation. We investigate under which conditions price volatility is primarily caused by nonlinear dynamics. Using a system dynamics modelling approach we show that plausible behaviour of actors can lead to persistent price fluctuations, even in the absence of external shocks.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Mobility Concepts
In the course of the Energy and Transport Transition, the need for sustainable mobility is increasing, especially in cities and municipalities. To make this possible, new concepts need to be developed. The focus is on topics such as e-mobility, alternative mobility modes, or multi-use concepts.
In collaborative projects, RLI supports and advises municipal stakeholders and industry actors in the definition of objectives and their implementation in the Energy and Transport Transition. To assess the regional requirements, RLI prepares potential analyses for e-mobility on the basis of socio-economic factors and infrastructure data.
Since public transport plays an important role in the Transport Transition, RLI accompanies companies in the electrification of public transport and develops implementation concepts for the integration of sustainable drive concepts, such as electric and fuel cell buses.
Carolin Daam
Sample projects


text:
The Unexpected Long-Run Impact of the Minimum Wage: An Educational Cascade
NBER Working Paper No. 16355
Neglected, but significant, the long-run consequence of the minimum wage - which was made national policy in the United States in 1938 - is its stimulation of capital deepening. This took two forms. First, the engineered shortage of low-skill, low-paying jobs induced teenagers to invest in additional human capital - primarily by extending their schooling - in an attempt to raise their productivity to the level required to gain employment. Second, employers faced with an inability to legally hire low-wage workers, rearranged their production processes to substitute capital for low-skill labor and to innovate new technologies. This paper explores the impact of the minimum wage on enrollments between 1950 and 2003. I describe an upward ratcheting mechanism which triggers an "educational cascade." My estimate is that the average number of years of high school enrollment would have risen to only 3.5 years, rather than 3.7 years, for men born in 1951. Thereafter, enrollment rates would have trended down to about 3.2 years for the cohort born in 1986, rather than slowly rising to around 3.9 years. The cumulative effect of the minimum wage increases beginning in 1950 was to add 0.7 years to the average high school experience of men born in 1986.
Supplementary materials for this paper:
Document Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3386/w16355
Users who downloaded this paper also downloaded these:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Taruna College Education Principles
Two over-arching terms characterise education at Taruna College:
Holistic education; and Learning as a life journey
- Student diversity in all its facets is a strength that underpins everything we do at Taruna.
- Study at Taruna enables students to:
- Understand and engage with their field of study in a holistic way.
- Develop a deep reflective understanding of the creative human being; and
- Shape their own life journey through reflective practice.
- All members of the Taruna community – students and staff – show mutual respect, are curious, have integrity, act professionally, care for each other, and are prepared to challenge each other.
- Learning at Taruna is intellectual, experiential, spiritual and emotional.
- Programmes offered by Taruna are informed by Rudolf Steiner's image of the human being and are grounded in and respond to a bicultural and multicultural Aotearoa/New Zealand.
- Teaching at Taruna facilitates learning, and is inclusive, strength-based, and inspires and challenges students.
- Every teacher at Taruna knows and values each learner as a whole person; is responsive to the holistic needs and goals of the students; knows their field of study and how to teach this; and is a lifelong learner.
- Enrolment guidance at Taruna is well-informed and appropriately tailored to the individual's needs and goals.
- Pastoral support at Taruna is safe and professional.
- Every programme at Taruna has rhythm and structure; has clear aspirational goals which are aligned with contemporary professional practice; is designed to enable teaching and learning as defined above; and empowers students to explore further pathways.
- Taruna college as an organisation supports the above through;
- Visionary and inspiring leadership;
- Adequate and contemporary resources;
- Effective administrative support; and
- Nurturing a culture of learning for all.


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Tasmanian Aboriginal soldiers
Contribution and sacrifice
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders have served in Australian military forces from as far back as the Boer War.
More than 1 000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders enlisted in World War One, including a number of Tasmanian Aboriginal men. At the time, Indigenous Australians were not lawfully able to vote, marry a non-Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander person, drink alcohol, own property, receive award wages or move freely around the country.
Many Indigenous Australians who tried to enlist were rejected on the grounds of race.
Those who successfully enlisted found life in the armed forces exposed them to equal treatment and mutual respect as they shared the same conditions and levels of pay in the trenches of the Western Front and the Middle East.
Unfortunately, the equality experienced during war disappeared when they returned to civilian life at home. Many could not participate in soldier settlement schemes or share a drink with their mates.
At the outbreak of World War One, about 170 Aboriginal people lived on Cape Barren Island and of the 27 men deemed eligible to serve, 21 enlisted and served at Gallipoli, in Flanders, and on the Somme. Six of the men from Cape Barren Island were killed.
Australian Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders enlisted in World War Two with dozens dying in prisoner of war camps.
In World War Two, about 23 Tasmanian Aboriginal men fought overseas, and approximately another 10 served in the Vietnam War.
Many details about Tasmanian Aboriginal soldiers remain unclear; information or research in this area would be appreciated as the Centenary of ANZAC seeks to remember the role of Tasmanian Aboriginals in military history.
Warning: These webpages about Tasmanian Aboriginal soldiers may contain images of deceased Aboriginal people which may offend Aboriginal and Torres Strait people.


text:
Access Areas and Controls
This section addresses access to electrical and mechanical hazards.
7.1 Operator Access Areas
7.1.1 Definition. Any area:
1. That can be accessed without the use of a tool.
2. That is defined by the manufacturer as an operator service area.
3. Where the means of access is deliberately provided to the operator.
7.1.2 Operator Exposure. Operators shall not be exposed to:
1. Energy levels of 240 VA or more.
2. Stored energy levels of 20 J or more.
3. Potentials in excess of 42.4 V peak (30 VRMS) or 60 VDC in dry areas.
4. Potentials in excess of 10 VAC or DC in wet areas.
7.1.3 Operator Protection. The operator(s) shall be protected from electrical and mechanical hazards by one or more of the following:
1. Enclosures, shields, and covers that require a tool to open.
2. Interlock switches on doors, shields, and ovens.
3. Grounded or insulated handles, levers, knobs, shields and covers that are touched held or actuated in normal use.
7.2 Service Access Areas
7.2.1 Definition. All areas not defined as operator access areas that skilled service personnel must gain access to service or maintain the equipment
7.2.2 Service Personnel Exposure. Service personnel shall not be exposed to inadvertent contact with hazardous potentials or energy levels.
7.2.3 Service Personnel Protection. Service personnel protection requirements are:
1. Protection shall be provided:
a. Where service is required with power on and inadvertent contact is likely.
b. Where it is necessary to reach over, under, around, or in close proximity to hazards.
c. Where dropped tools could cause shorts and arcing.
2. Protection shall be provided by one or more of the following:
- Remote or external test points.
- Insulated potentiometer extensions.
- Access holes.
-Separation of low voltage and line voltage terminal blocks and relays.
3. Equipment requiring manual adjustments shall be so designed that adjustment does not expose personnel to electrical or mechanical hazards.
4. Shafts of operating knobs, handles, etc., shall not be in contact with hazardous live parts. Handles, levers, and knobs which are held or actuated in normal use shall be grounded, of insulating material, or adequately covered by insulating material if parts are likely to become energized.
7.2.4 Maintenance Access. Maintenance access shall be provided for servicing equipment.
1. Machines that require service and have access covers shall have a minimum of 28 in. clear space. This does not apply to movable units.
Note: Clear space is measured from any protrusions, auxiliary units, etc., not from the main frame to the wall or any other obstructions.
2. Large equipment shall be equipped with maintenance cat walks, access ladders, crossovers, etc., to facilitate safe access to valves, motors, dampers, pumps, motor drives, and other components.
7.2.5 Working Space. Sufficient working space shall be provided for servicing electrical equipment having energized hazardous potentials or energy levels.
1. DepthWorking space shall be at least 36 in. When voltages exceed 150 V to ground, the depth may have to be increased.
2. Widthworking space shall be 30 in. in front of the exposed voltage.
3. AccessThere shall be at least 28 in. of clear access to the working space.
4. Clear SpaceWorking space shall remain clear and shall not be used for equipment of storage.
7.3 Safety Interlocks
7.3.1 Requirements. Hardware based interlocks are required whenever access can be gained, without the use of a tool, to an area which would allow the inadvertent contact with electrical or mechanical hazards, such as:
- Remote or programmed machine starts.
- Moving mechanical parts.
- Hazardous potentials.
- Hazardous energy levels.
- Hazardous gas flow.
- RF energy.
- Laser beams.
- Capacitor discharge.
7.3.2 Interlock Location. Safety interlocks shall be hardwired between the logic output (switching) device and a fail-safe magnetic device that controls the hazardous energy.
7.3.3 Interlock Bypass. Safety interlocks shall require an intentional operation to bypass and shall comply with the following:
1. Removing or opening interlock covers shall remove associated hazards.
2. To restart equipment for service, interlocks must be bypassed and then start circuits manually reactivated.
3. Equipment shall not be operable unless covers are reinstalled (closed) and interlock function restored.
7.3.4 Programmed Machine Controls. Equipment with programmed machine controls (software based logic circuits) shall comply with the following:
1. Programmed machine controls shall not be used as safety interlocks.
2. Safety interlocks shall remove hazard independently of programmed machine controls.
3. Hardwired safety interlocks shall override associated machine controls. See 7.5.2.
7.4 Hand Controls
7.4.1 General Requirements. Equipment must have adequate operator controls.
1. The quantity and type of controls are dictated by equipment size and complexity.
2. "Power On" conditions and equipment operation status must be visually and reliably indicated.
3. Indicating lights and lighted switches shall comply with 3.4.
4. Circuit breakers or circuit protectors shall not be used as operator controls for on / off or start / stop functions.
5. Control switches shall comply with 3.3.
Note: Equipment that functions independently of operator interaction or exposure does not require operator controls. See 8.1.5.
7.4.2 Start (ON) Switch. Start switches shall comply with the following:
1. Should be momentary contact push button with recessed or flush type head.
2. Other types are allowed.
See Sec. 6.3 and 10.6.
3. Shall be located or designed to prevent accidental operation.
7.4.3 Stop (OFF) Switch. Stop switches shall comply with the following:
1. Shall be momentary contact push button with extended type head.
2. Other types are allowed. See Sec. 3.3 and 7.6.
3. Shall be located or designed to prevent accidental operation.
4. Mushroom head switches shall not be used.
5. Shall take precedence over the associated start / on switch. See TEST under 7.6.
7.4.4 Emergency Off (EMO) Switch. EMO switches shall comply with the following:
1. Shall be labeled "EMERGENCY OFF."
2. Shall be pushbutton with red mushroom type head.
3. The mushroom head shall be a minimum of 1.25 in. in diameter.
4. Resetting switches shall not restart the equipment.
5. Shall be located to prevent accidental operation:
- Shall not be recessed.
- Should not be guarded.
6. Shall not be used in place of normal stop / power off switch.
7. Shall take precedence over all other controls. See TEST under 7.6.
7.4.5 Service Safety Switch. Service safety switches shall comply with the following:
1. Shall clearly indicate ON / OFF status.
2. Shall be lockable in the open position.
3. Shall be within sight from the equipment or component to be serviced.
4. Shall remove power from the equipment or component to be serviced.
Note: The supply disconnect switch may serve as the service safety switch.
7.4.6 Two Hand Cycle Start Controls. When dual, series connected hand controls are required to isolate the operator from the hazards, the hand controls and / or control circuit shall comply with the following:
1. The hand controls shall be momentary contact pushbutton switches with black or green mushroom type heads.
2. Each hand control shall be protected against unintended operation.
3. Each hand control shall by design, construction and / or separation so that the use of both hands is required to start the machine cycle. Typically, they should be mounted at least 24 in. apart in the same vertical or horizontal plane.
4. Both hand controls shall be depressed within one second of each other in order for the machine to cycle.
5. Both hand controls must be depressed until the hazard no longer exists.
6. The control system shall incorporate an anti-repeat feature that limits the machine to one cycle for each depression of the hand controls.
7. The control system requires an anti-tie-down feature that requires the release of both hand controls between cycles.
8. For a typical circuit see Figure 16.
Note: Timer 1TR shall be: one second, fixed, time delay on release.
Figure 16. Typical Two Hand Cycle Start Circuit
7.5 Machine Controls
7.5.1 Undervoltage Protection. Undervoltage protection shall be provided for all equipment which may initiate a hazardous motion upon the return of power after an undervoltage condition.
7.5.2 Solid State and Programmed Controls. Solid state and programmed controls shall not be relied upon for personnel or equipment safety because they are not fail-safe. Electromechanical devices shall be used.
7.5.3 Safety Controls
1. Appropriate safety controls shall be installed, such as:
- Over temperature controls.
- Under temperature controls.
- High level controls.
- Low level controls.
- High and low pressure controls.
- Pressure relief controls.
- Over limit controls.
- Ground Fault Circuit Interruptors.
2. Safety controls and switching devices shall override associated solid state or programmed machine controls and final control elements.
See 3.9 and 8.1.4.
7.6 Fail-Safe Controls and

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text: We investigate the use of non-cryogenic instrumentation for near IR spectroscopy. With this technique, it is possible to apply in the J and H bands some instrument concepts and observing techniques used in the visible. We present observations of the thermal background in H. We derive some instrument requirements for minimizing and handling it. We recommend the use of short wavelength cutoff wavelengths or linear filters in H. We present observations of the sky emission, and do confirm previous upper limits of the continuum emission between the OH lines. We discuss some applications of non-cooled near IR spectroscopy.


text:
Mythology holds that Lord Shiva once cut off the 5th head of Brahma. Thirumular's Thirumanthiram states that Lord Shiva holds the skull cap of Brahma as a begging bowl in order to save it from hitting the earth and perishing, for Brahma is the creator of the Universe and his head signifies all that lives and transitions to the next life after death. Lord Shiva is also known to wear a garland of skulls that belong to great celestials, as he protects them from falling to dust. Hence the idea of holding the skull cap and wearing a garland of skulls has a very profound meaning and is not as gory as perceived by many.
These are not just stories as they hold a great deal of truth and deeper significance and this brings us to the larger question of why is a skull cap a significant depiction of a begging bowl?
Lets take a few steps back and observe another ancient tradition, that of Buddhism. The idea of ahimsa as well as the idea of bhiksha started during the time of Buddha. There is great significance to the begging bowl in Buddhist tradition. When Sidhartha Gautama Buddha reached the end of his journey to enlightenment, he realized his emaciated state was of no help and that he would need food to gather the energy to go through to the other side. It was at this time that a young girl gave him grain in a golden bowl which he divided into 19 parts, one for each day till the day he reached his moment of enlightenment. One he crossed the threshold to the other side; he discarded the golden bowl into the river - a marked significance of detachment from any kind of materialism. The golden bowl marked the catalyst to Sidhartha's transition from one state to the next.
Ancient faith believes that the last segment to divine Nirvana is when the Kundalini energy reached the highest zone, that which is near the Kabala of the human skull. It is also believed that Jeeva enters the body through the Kabalam and if it exits the same way, one is blessed with superior transition at the time of death, it is the perfect death achieved.
Brahma, the creator symbolized the transition of life and death in the hands of the Lord of destruction. Hence the passage of the afterlife and the highest form of realization is depicted through his kabala which is held as a skull cap, a bowl that depicts the last state before one attains the highest form of spiritual bliss.
Both Buddhism and Hinduism tried to depict this great truth in their own ways. While Buddhist belief took a different turn and depicted this truth in a far less violent way, ancient Tantrik cults and Vajrayana Buddhism depicted the ferocity of Kala Bhairava, the Lord of time in their depictions by emphasizing on the skull cap which symbolizes the Bhramaranda zone of the skull, where the essence of Atman remains shrouded in this area and releases the soul upon death.
Such deep significance of life and transition to super death, such profound truth lies embedded in what we perceive as just a skull cap in the form of a begging bowl.
P.S. It would be interesting to note that the Tibetan Buddhist tradition has also devised a singing bowl which reverberates the sound of OM when one plays it while meditating. Could it possibly signify the highest state of bliss when the mind resonates the primordial sound of OM.


text:
The diaphragmatic behaviour of floors represents one important requirement for earthquake resistant buildings since diaphragms connect the lateral load resisting systems at each floor level and transfer the seismic forces to them as a function of their in-plane stiffness. This paper presents an innovative hybrid timber-steel solution for floor diaphragms developed by coupling cross-laminated timber panels with cold-formed custom-shaped steel beams. The floor consists of prefabricated repeatable units which are fastened on-site using pre-loaded bolts and self-tapping screws, thus ensuring a fast and efficient installation. An experimentally validated numerical model is used to evaluate the influence of the; i) in-plane floor stiffness; ii) aspect ratio and shape of the building plan; and iii) relative stiffness and disposition of the shear walls, on the load distribution to the shear walls. The load transfer into walls and lateral deformation of the construction system primarily depend on the adopted layouts of shear walls, and for most cases an in-plane stiffness of floors two times larger than that of walls is recommended.
Simplified seismic design procedures mostly recommend the adoption of rigid floor diaphragms when forming a building's lateral force-resisting structural system. While rigid behavior is compatible with many reinforced concrete or composite steel-concrete floor systems, the intrinsic stiffness properties of wood and ductile timber connections of timber floor slabs typically make reaching a such comparable in-plane response difficult. Codes or standards in North America widely cover wood-frame construction, with provisions given for both rigid and flexible floor diaphragms designs. Instead, research is ongoing for emerging cross-laminated-timber (CLT) and hybrid CLT-based technologies, with seismic design codification still currently limited. This paper deals with a steel-CLT-based hybrid structure built by assembling braced steel frames with CLT-steel composite floors. Preliminary investigation on the performance of a 3-story building under seismic loads is presented, with particular attention to the influence of in-plane timber diaphragms flexibility on the force distribution and lateral deformation at each story. The building complies with the Italian Building Code damage limit state and ultimate limit state design requirements by considering a moderate seismic hazard scenario. Nonlinear static analyses are performed adopting a finite-element model calibrated based on experimental data. The CLT-steel composite floor in-plane deformability shows mitigated effects on the load distribution into the bracing systems compared to the ideal rigid behavior. On the other hand, the lateral deformation always rises at least 17% and 21% on average, independently of the story and load distribution along the building's height.
This paper presents a numerical and analytical study on single-storey cross-laminated timber (CLT) shear-walls with openings subjected to lateral loads. The main objective was to investigate the location and distribution of maximum values of axial and shear forces in relevant wall sections. The influence of parameters such as wall geometry (different sizes of wall openings, door openings, lintel/parapet lengths and heights, wall thickness) and different stiffness levels of mechanical anchors for CLT wall connection with floor/foundation were studied. Finite element (FE) parametric analyses were performed on a set of single-storey CLT shear-walls with door and window openings and were compared with analytical models for determination of internal forces. The importance of wall connections' flexibility was identified, as the distribution of internal forces in walls with rigid and flexible anchors were considerably different. The obtained outcomes of this study provide a solid base for the next step, an experimental investigation of in-plane internal force distribution in CLT walls with openings, which will serve for further development of numerical, analytical and design approaches.
Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) and Light Timber Frame (LTF) shear walls are widespread constructive technologies in timber engineering. Despite the intrinsic differences, the lateral response of the two structural systems may be quite similar under specific connection layouts, boundary constraints, and size of the shear walls. This paper compares the experimental cyclic responses of CLT and LTF shear walls characterized by the same size 250×250cm, and loaded according to the EN 12512 protocol. The rigid-body rotation of the shear walls prevails over the deformation and rigid-body translation in the post-elastic displacement range. As a consequence, a capacity model of the two systems based on the sole hold-down response accurately seizes the observed cyclic response, despite ignoring the other resisting contributions. The authors examine the differences exhibited by the CLT and LTF shear walls and the related error corresponding to a capacity model based on the sole hold down restraints. Additionally, it is assessed the overstrength of the CLT panel and LTF sheathing to the shear walls collapse due to the hold-down failure. The estimated overstrength factor is the most meaningful difference between the two structural systems in the considered experimental layouts.


text:
Framed Torynorrhina Beetles
Size of beetles:
30 - 35 mm
25 x 25 cm
Available for requests 1-2 weeks delivery to Dubai
Prise on request
Elevate Your Interior with Exquisite Framed Torynorrhina Beetles
Introduce a touch of natural wonder and artistic sophistication to your interior with our meticulously framed Torynorrhina beetles collection. These exquisite specimens, all belonging to the same species Torynorrhina varia from Thailand, are showcased on a pristine white base in three captivating colors: emerald green, blue sapphire, and scarlet red.
The Torynorrhina flammea, a member of this species, can attain a body length of approximately 30–35 millimeters and can be found not only in Thailand but also in Assam, Malaysia, and China. A fascinating feature of this species lies in the distinction between males and females, with females exhibiting wider tibia on their fore legs.
However, what truly sets our collection apart is the remarkable diversity in colors. We proudly present even more vibrant and striking examples of these captivating insects. Each framed Torynorrhina beetle is a unique piece of natural art, celebrating the intricate beauty of the insect world.
These framed Torynorrhina beetles serve as not only exquisite decorative pieces but also windows into the fascinating world of entomology and biodiversity. They capture the essence of nature's creativity and diversity, offering a striking visual display that adds depth and character to any interior.
Elevate your living space with the unparalleled beauty and uniqueness of our framed Torynorrhina beetles collection, a testament to the wonders of the natural world, meticulously preserved and presented for your enjoyment.
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text: A connon, located 60 m from the base of a vertical 25.0m tall clift, shoots a 15 kg shell at 43.0 degrees above the horizontal toward the cliff. A) what must the minimum muzzle velocity be for the shell to clear the top of the cliff? B) The ground at the top of the cliff is level, with a constant elevation of 25.0 m above the cannon. Under the conditions of part (A), how far does the shell past the edge of the cliff? x=x0 + V0t Vy= v0y-gt y=y0+v0yt-1/2gt^2 vf^2=vi^2-2ax I am a little throw off by the kg of the shell. I do not know how to start the prob.


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Negotiating Physician Employment Contracts: Attitude Is Everything
Negotiating Physician Employment Contracts: Attitude Is Everything
Linked Articles
I had a very unpleasant phone call this morning with a lawyer representing a young resident taking his first job in Chicago. This lawyer was a litigator and cousin of the physician. He had no prior experience with a physician contract.
While I represent many physician practices, I also work with residents and fellows from across the country to review their employment agreements. As such, I have been on both sides of the employment contract equation numerous times.
Although I could offer valuable advice on the terms of an employment agreement, what is equally valuable (but not often discussed) is the appropriate conduct of physicians and medical practices (as well as their representatives) when negotiating employment contracts.
The following are some items to consider:
1. Find a lawyer familiar with physician contracts. It's worth the time and expense to get proper advice and a quality contract. Your real estate lawyer may not be the right person for the job, no matter how great his rates may be. Whether you are the employer or the employee, you need a representative who will ask the right questions and seek out the most protective language so as to avoid future misunderstanding and litigation.
2. Decide how you want the lawyer, consultant, or practice manager to handle negotiations and express your wishes. Negotiations go more easily and quickly when parties seek an efficient and fair resolution to issues. An overly aggressive or hostile lawyer, for example, who demands what they want at all costs, is not well suited to negotiations and is a poor representative of your interests. Contract negotiations should not be personal. Sometimes you get everything you want and sometimes you do not. In my opinion, a lawyer or consultant has done his or her job when they help their client to understand the contract terms, focus on the real issues, communicate the need (or denial) for the requested changes in a professional manner to the other side, and help the parties reach as amicable a conclusion as possible.
3. Sometimes it's easier to fight over deal points than it is to compromise. For example there are certain parts of a contract that are going to seem unfair to a physician joining a practice, but no matter what your hear, in most states restrictive covenants are enforceable when properly drafted, tail coverage is typically paid for by a terminated physician, and partnership is often not mentioned in the contract at all. Arguing over the legitimacy of these basic physician contract provisions distracts from the negotiating that can be done: What if the covenant applies only if the physician quits or is terminated with cause? What if the tail is paid by the practice if the associate stays for a certain length of time? What if the parties agree to discuss partnership by a certain date? Many significant issues can be compromised in some cordial manner.
4. Practices should pay attention to criticisms of their contract. Your agreement may have served you well for many years, but is it outdated? Inaccurate? A contract should be updated regularly to remain competitive and to minimize liability. Make sure your advisors share all comments from opposing counsel with you and consider them carefully before refusing changes. A fantastic surgeon you want to recruit for your group is not going to sign a contract her lawyer reports is poorly drafted and uncompetitive unless changes are made.
Remember that tough negotiations can leave a bad taste for all parties long after the contracts are signed. I have had groups retract an offer and physicians look for another position as a result of negotiation tactics, even when the personalities were otherwise a great fit. The manner in which a contract is handled can set the tone for the parties' entire relationship.
Physician practices are like marriages. You join a practice hoping to have a long-term connection and to spend a career working together. Like any marriage, however, it's important to enter into the relationship thoughtfully, with flexibility and some humility. Contract negotiations can tell you a lot about whether there's a divorce or a golden anniversary in your future.
For more from Ericka L. Adler and our other Practice Notes bloggers, click here.
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text:
How did the inflation targeting policy of Norges Bank impact the 2008 financial crisis?
MetadataShow full item record
- Master Thesis
The present thesis analyzes the impact of the Norwegian inflation targeting regime on the 2008 financial crisis. A series of macroeconomic indicators are used to evaluate the usefulness of inflation as a proxy for economic activity. I find that a combination of rapidly increasing prices in housing and stock markets, combined with increasing export prices and declining import prices have led to an exceptionally large gap between pressure in the economy and the inflation rate. Consequently, the central bank ought to have pursued a tighter monetary policy, to limit vulnerability to new shocks.


KDEdu Logo
KBruch Version 4.0
© 2002-2016 Sebastian Stein
Original Author: Contributor:
 1. Common Exercise Fraction Task - in this exercise you have to solve a given fraction task. You have to enter numerator and denominator. This is the main exercise. The difficulty of this task can be influenced by the user. The user can decide if he wants to solve tasks with addition/substraction and/or multiplication/division. Also he can set the number of fractions and the maximum size of the main denominator.
 2. Compare Exercise Comparison - in this exercise you have to compare the size of 2 given fractions.
 3. Conversion Exercise Conversion - in this exercise you have to convert a given number into a fraction.
 4. Factorization Exercise Factorization - in this exercise you have to factorize a given number into its prime factors. Factorization is important while finding the main denominator of 2 fractions.
KBruch provides a handbook describing the different exercises and the general usage.
KBruch is shipped with KDE since the major version 3.2 (released February 2004). To get the latest development version see the Obtain section.
 - add testcases for class task
 - improve speed of prime numbers; Ok, it is not slow at all, but prime number searching is an interesting topic...
 - update doxygen comments, some comments are broken when generating the docs
 - translate more code comments and variable names into English
 - check why loading takes that long
Last update: 2014-07-29
Global navigation links


text:
2006 Fish and Wildlife Highlights Include Red Lake, Wildlife Habitat Boost
December 28 , 2006
The first walleye fishing on Red Lake in nearly a decade and a big boost for public hunting land acquisition were among fish and wildlife highlights for the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (DNR) this past year.
Anglers and hunters generally enjoyed excellent seasons as well.
"DNR creel census data showed above average catch rates on many of the state's largest walleye lakes, including Mille Lacs, Rainy and Winnibigoshish," said Dave Schad, director of the DNR Division of Fish and Wildlife. "Hunters had some of the best pheasant hunting since the Soil Bank Days of the 1960s, contributed to one of the highest deer harvests on record, enjoyed improved waterfowl hunting and benefited from a rising ruffed grouse population. With our partners, we also acquired and restored thousands of acres of habitat that will benefit fish, wildlife and native species," Schad said.
This year's boost in land acquisition came as the DNR completed purchases related to a $10 million bonding appropriation for state wildlife management areas (WMAs) in 2005.
The funding, which allowed the DNR to leverage additional dollars from private, state and federal sources, added 4,584 acres (more than seven square miles) to the WMA system in the past year, and work has started on purchasing additional WMA acres funded by the $12 bonding appropriation from the 2006 Legislature
"This funding will allow us to continue to acquire larger, higher-quality parcels nearer to population centers," said Kim Hennings, wildlife section acquisitions coordinator. "Typically, those parcels are more expensive due to increasing development pressure and demand for recreation land."
ANGLING AND SHORE LAND HABITAT
The opportunity to catch walleye for the first time in nearly a decade drew thousands of anglers to Red Lake for the opener of the 2006 inland fishing season. There was no shortage of early-season action as anglers harvested more than 32,500 pounds of walleye before May 31.
Even though the bite slowed in July and August, anglers harvested an estimated 54,000 pounds (65 percent of the target harvest) of walleye during the open water season. The DNR is considering less restrictive harvest regulations that could be implemented next summer if walleye harvest during the winter and spring remains below target. Elsewhere in the state, anglers had a very good year, particularly on larger well-known walleye lakes. On Mille Lacs, anglers caught 1.1 million pounds of walleye, the second highest total since 1985. Likewise, the total catch on Rainy Lake, 118,000 walleye, exceeded the 10-year average by more than 10,000 fish. On Lake Winnibigoshish, anglers enjoyed the highest catch rate ever recorded on the lake.
"While walleye, bass and panfish are the targets of most anglers, in 2006 we continued to see a growing interest in fishing for and catching really large fish," said Ron Payer, DNR fisheries section chief. "Many 50-plus-inch muskies were caught and released this summer, which would have been unheard of a decade ago, and lake sturgeon, our state's largest fish, continue to attract a growing following as these fish rebound from their low population numbers of the past."
Maintaining sustainable fish populations requires diligent management of walleye stocking, regulations and habitat, Payer said. To that end, the DNR section of fisheries completed the following projects in 2006:
- completed the most comprehensive analysis ever done of the DNR walleye-stocking program and increased the number of fish stocked in more than 200 lakes
- exceeded goals of stocking at least 160,000 pounds of walleye in 2006; preliminary estimates show the DNR stocked 165,400 pounds of walleye this past fall
- a total of 2.9 million fingerling, yearling and adults
- purchased 640 acres and 7.5 miles of land adjacent to lakes and 456 acres and nine miles of land adjacent to streams which will protect sensitive shoreland for fish spawning and habitat
- added four new and enhanced urban fishing opportunities through the "Fishing in the Neighborhood (FiN)" program; in addition, 28,000 fish were stocked in 53 FiN ponds in the metro area
- continued intensive management efforts to aid in the recovery of the walleye population at Leech Lake; efforts include stocking of walleye fry, special fishing regulations, cormorant control, research on invasive rusty crayfish, and stepped up aquatic habitat protection; late fall test netting showed an upswing in both young walleye and yellow perch numbers
- finalized the Lake Superior Management Plan, which reflects a decade of progress in rehabilitating Lake Superior's wild lake trout, lake herring and salmon populations
- approved a new, 48 inch minimum for muskies on 45 lakes.
HUNTING AND WILDLIFE HABITAT
Minnesota hunters enjoyed excellent opportunities for deer, pheasants and waterfowl and improved hunting for ruffed grouse, according to early reports. Youth hunters also enjoyed increased opportunities this year as more than 1,000 youngsters had the opportunity to participate in special youth hunts and seasons conducted from Winona to Warroad.
In addition, habitat protection efforts got a boost with the finalization of the Duck Recovery Plan and continued effort on the Working Lands Initiative, which seeks to focus conservation efforts on protecting large complexes of wetland and grasslands.
Wildlife Chief Dennis Simon pointed out there are currently more than 1 million acres of grassland habitat enrolled in farm programs and another 650,000 acres protected in wildlife management areas or waterfowl production areas. "The expiration of a large proportion of existing Conservation Reserve Program contracts beginning in 2007 is a major concern for future wildlife populations," said Simon. "In the coming year, the DNR will continue the marketing of farm bill conservation programs to landowners in partnership with the Minnesota Board of Water and Soil Resources, Pheasants Forever, and county Soil and Water Conservation Districts, and will be working at the national level to ensure the next Farm Bill has strong conservation programs."
WILDLIFE HIGHLIGHTS FOR 2006 INCLUDE:
- a new 2,840 wildlife management area, on land known as UMore Park in Dakota County, was established by the Legislature for continued management by the University of Minnesota and DNR in cooperation with Dakota County for research, public hunting and other recreational opportunities
- increased the number of 2006 spring turkey permits by 1,001 for a total of 33,976 - convened a committee of sportsmen, conservationists, technical staff and others to consider nontoxic shot issues; the committee recommended a measured approach to moving toward lead shot alternatives
- continued efforts to improve waterfowl habitat and hunting on Swan Lake by eliminating the carp population; this fall, DNR staff treated the lake with rotenone to kill carp that remained after lowering water levels this past year
- to improve waterfowl hunting on Lake Maria, a one-time Mecca for migrating bluebills, the DNR installed a pumping system and electric fish barrier; the system will allow wildlife managers to lower the lake's water levels, revitalizing native aquatic vegetation
- created new hunting and fishing opportunities near the Twin Cities with the acquisition of the Vermillion Empireview Wildlife Management Area in Dakota County; the 475-acre WMA contains upland habitat for pheasants as well as 1.2 miles along the Vermillion River, a trout stream the DNR is working to preserve
- to provide more opportunities for dove hunters, the DNR began managing 14 public fields on wildlife management areas specifically to attract doves
- continued an intensive effort to collect tissue samples from hunter-harvested whitetail deer; samples are currently being tested for Chronic Wasting Disease or bovine tuberculosis (TB) and results will be available in early 2007
- awarded 43 new school programs grants and enrolled them in the National Archery in Schools Program (NASP); in the coming year more than 60,000 students will target shoot thanks to the DNR's three-year-old Archery in the Schools Program
- continued to identify deer population goals by permit area with input from hunters, local residents and businesses as part of a three-year process launch in 2005.
In the coming year, DNR will continue to work toward meeting challenges related to habitat, hunter and angler recruitment and fish and game population management.
"Clearly, our state continues to face many challenges as we work together with our many public and private partners toward quality land, water and species conservation," said Schad. "Still, what we accomplished in 2006 is evidence that we are making good progress thanks to the support of our partners, the contributions of license buyers and the public."
Look for other articles in our Article Archives
If you got to this page from a link and would like to view the rest of our site click here.


0 ×
Pie chart (local)
KNIME Base Nodes version 4.0.2.v201909251340 by KNIME AG, Zurich, Switzerland
Displays a pie chart with different viewing options. Hiliting and changing of the pie and aggregation column on the fly is only supported by the interactive pie chart.
If the pie chart appears in gray no color information is set for the selected pie column. Use the 'Color Manager' node in order to set the color appropriate.
The user can change the following view properties on the fly:
 1. Aggregation method (count, summary, average)
 2. Pie size
 3. Show missing value section
 4. Show pie section outline
 5. Draw selected section exploded
 6. Show details for selected sections
 7. Set value scale to percentage or original
 8. Pie size
 9. Explode size
Each distinct pie column value get its own colored section.
Color selected sections: If the color selected sections option is selected the pie displays also sub sections for the selected sections. A sub section represents the rows color using the color manager. This option is only available if row colors are set.
This view is particularly well suited for extremely large datasets. For more interaction and hiliting support use the "Pie chart (interactive)" node.
The pie chart supports maximum 360 sections!
Options
Display all rows
If selected the pie chart displays all rows of the incoming data.
No. of rows to display:
Defines the number of rows to be displayed in the pie chart. This option is disabled if the 'Display all rows' option is selected.
Pie column:
The values of this column are represent as colored section in the pie chart.
Aggregation method:
The initial aggregation method to use. Can be changed in the view later on.
Aggregation column
The column to calculate the aggregation values from.
Input Ports
The data table to be displayed.
Views
Pie Chart
Displays the data in an pie chart.
Best Friends (Incoming)
Best Friends (Outgoing)
Workflows
Installation
To use this node in KNIME, install KNIME Core from the following update site:
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text:
Skip to Main Content
This paper considers a problem of distributed tracking with consensus on a time-varying graph with noisy communications links. A distributed tracking with consensus algorithm is proposed to handle a time-varying network topology in which every node generates own local tracking estimates and communicates over noisy links. The conditions on the connectivity graph are established so that distributed consensus can be achieved in the presence of noisy communication links when the graph topology is time-varying. The steady-state performance of the proposed distributed tracking with consensus algorithm is analyzed and compared with that of distributed local Kalman filtering with centralized fusion. Simulation results and performance analysis of the proposed algorithm are also given.


2
CH2 switch
Channel or terminal used for signal input
Audio channel 1
Audio channel 2
INT(R)
Internal microphone Lch
Internal microphone Rch
INPUT2
Internal microphone Lch
AUDIO INPUT2 terminal
INT(R)
AUDIO INPUT1 terminal
Internal microphone Rch
INPUT2
AUDIO INPUT1 terminal
AUDIO INPUT2 terminal
INT(R)
AUDIO INPUT2 terminal
Internal microphone Rch
INPUT2
AUDIO INPUT2 terminal
AUDIO INPUT2 terminal
- 47 -
AG-AC90-VQT4M99_mst.book 48 ページ ２０１４年５月２８日 水曜日 午前１０時５９分
To remove the external microphone, etc., from the audio input terminals 1, 2
(XLR 3 pin)
Remove while pushing on the PUSH section of the audio
input terminals 1, 2 (XLR 3 pin).
≥ Set the input signal to built-in microphone by switching the
CH1, CH2 switches to INT (L) or INT (R) after removing
the external microphone. Audio will not be recorded when
motion picture is recorded without switching.
ヱヶヴラ
A
PUSH section
≥ Set INPUT1, 2 (+48V) switches to OFF if you connect
equipment not compatible with +48 V. You can damage this unit or such equipment if you
leave the setting at ON.
≥ This unit is turned off when a problem occurs with the +48 V power supply.
≥ The battery will discharge faster if you use a phantom microphone.
- 48 -
AG-AC90-VQT4M99_mst.book 49 ページ ２０１４年５月２８日 水曜日 午前１０時５９分
Adjusting the audio input level
∫ Adjusting the input level of the built-in microphone (5.1 ch)
≥ Set the [MIC SETUP] to anything other than [2ch]. (l 45)
1
Select the menu.
MENU
: [RECORD SETUP] # [5.1ch MIC LEVEL] # desired setting
[AUTO]:
ALC is activated, and the recording level is adjusted automatically.
[SET]/[SETr
2
]:
(When [SET]/[SETr
Touch
level.
/
The desired recording level can be set.
] is selected)
to adjust the microphone input
≥ Touching
allows you to set ALC to on/off. When ALC
is activated, the icon is surrounded by yellow and the
amount of sound distortion can be reduced. When ALC is
deactivated, natural recording can be performed.
≥ Adjust the microphone input level so that the last
2 bars of the gain value are not red. (Otherwise, the sound
is distorted.) Select a lower setting for microphone input
level.
3
≥
Touch [ENTER] to set the microphone input
level and then touch [EXIT].
is displayed on the recording screen when the ALC
is turned on.
A
B
C
D
E
F
Center
Front left
Back left
Front right
Back right
Microphone input level
≥ When [MIC SETUP] is [ZOOM MIC], the volume will be different depending on the zoom rate.
≥ You cannot record with the audio completely muted.
- 49 -
AG-AC90-VQT4M99_mst.book 50 ページ ２０１４年５月２８日 水曜日 午前１０時５９分
Adjusting the input level of the built-in microphone (5.1 ch) using the operation
icons
≥ Set the [MIC SETUP] to anything other than [2ch]. (l 45)
≥ Set [5.1ch MIC LEVEL] to [SET]/[SETr
]. (l 49)
1
2
3
Display the operation icons and touch
Touch
/
to adjust settings.
Touch
to complete the setting.
. (l 64)
∫ Adjusting the input level of the built-in microphone (2 ch), external
microphone or audio device
≥ Set [MIC SETUP] to [2ch]. (l 45)
Adjust the input level operating the Audio control knobs (CH1, CH2)
CH1
CH2
A
B
C
D
Audio control knobs (CH1, CH2)
Audio level meter
-12 dB
0 dB
≥ Adjust confirming the audio level meter.
- 50 -
AG-AC90-VQT4M99_mst.book 51 ページ ２０１４年５月２８日 水曜日 午前１０時５９分
Recording
Counter display
You can change a counter display that indicates how much time has elapsed during recording or
playback.
COUNTER
COUNTER button
Each time you press the button, the counter
display changes.
Time Code # User Information # Recording
Counter # Setting canceled
Counter display
Time Code
Indications
TC 00:00:00:00 or TC 00:00:00.00
≥ Display will change depending on the setting of the
[TC MODE]. (l 52)
User Information (l 53)
UB 00 00 00 00
Recording Counter (l 54)
(In Recording Mode)
0:00:00 or SCN 0:00:00
(In Playback Mode)
SCN 0:00:00
≥ In Recording Mode, display will change depending on the
setting of the [REC COUNTER]. (l 54)
≥ In Playback Mode, display will return to SCN 0:00:00 for
each scene.
- 51 -
AG-AC90-VQT4M99_mst.book 52 ページ ２０１４年５月２８日 水曜日 午前１０時５９分
Setting the Time Code
Time code will display the recording time in hours, minutes, seconds, and frames.
TC 00:00:00:00 (hour : minute : second : frame [NDF])
TC 00:00:00.00 (hour : minute : second . frame [DF])
≥ The frame (Number of frames counted every second) will vary depending on the [REC FORMAT]
setting. (l 94)
Recording format
Frame
[PS 1080/60p], [PH 1080/60i], [PH 1080/30p], [HA 1080/60i],
[HE 1080/60i], [PM 720/60p], [SA 480/60i], [CS 480/60i]
0 to 29
[PH 1080/24p]
0 to 23
[TC MODE]
Select the compensation mode for the time code.
MENU
: [RECORD SETUP] # [TC MODE] # desired setting
[DF]:
Time code is compensated in accordance with the actual time. It is
mainly used for broadcasting such as TV programs.
[NDF]:
It will not compensate the time code. (There will be a difference from
the actual time)
≥ It is automatically set to [NDF] when the [REC FORMAT] is set to [PH 1080/24p] or the Interval
Recording is used.
[TCG]
Sets the way the time code will move.
MENU
: [RECORD SETUP] # [TCG] # desired setting
[FREE RUN]*:
It will constantly move.
[REC RUN]:
It will move only when recording.
* An error may occur when the playback mode is switched when the [REC FORMAT] is set to [PH
1080/24p].
≥ It is automatically set to [FREE RUN] when it is set to PRE-REC.
≥ The time code will reset when the built-in lithium battery is exhausted when it is set to
[FREE RUN].
- 52 -
AG-AC90-VQT4M99_mst.book 53 ページ ２０１４年５月２８日 水曜日 午前１０時５９分
[TC PRESET]
You can set the initial time code.
1
Select the menu.
MENU
2
: [RECORD SETUP] # [TC PRESET]
Touch the item to set and change with
/
.
≥ It will be set to 00h00m00s00f when the RESET button is pressed.
≥ "h" is an abbreviation for hour, "m" for minute, "s" for second and "f" for frame.
3
Touch [ENTER].
≥ Touch [EXIT] to complete the setting.
≥ This unit will adjust the time code in accordance with the frame rate of the recording format.
(l 94) Therefore, it may not be continuous from the previous final time code when the recording
format is changed.
≥ Set the frame to [00] or value that is multiple of 4 when the [REC FORMAT] is set to [PH 1080/
24p]. The time code that is recorded will shift when other values are set.
Setting the User Information
Eight digit hexadecimal alphanumeric can be entered and displayed as a memo information such as
dates, control numbers, etc., into the User Information.
UB 00 00 00 00
[UB PRESET]
You can set the User Information.
1
Select the menu.
MENU
2
: [RECORD SETUP] # [UB PRESET]
Touch the item to set and change with
/
.
≥ You can use numbers from 0 to 9 and letters from A to F.
≥ It will be set to 00 00 00 00 when the RESET button is pressed.
3
Touch [ENTER].
≥ Touch [EXIT] to complete the setting.
- 53 -
AG-AC90-VQT4M99_mst.book 54 ページ ２０１４年５月２８日 水曜日 午前１０時５９分
Setting the Recording Counter
Recording Counter will display the recording time in seconds.
0:00:00 (hour : minute : second (When [REC COUNTER] is set to [TOTAL]))
SCN 0:00:00 (hour : minute : second (When [REC COUNTER] is set to [SCENE]))
[REC COUNTER]
Select the counting method during the recording.
MENU
: [SW


text:
11,000 YEARS ALONG THE HOUSATONIC RIVER: THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF NATIVE AMERICANS IN THE NORTHWEST HILLS
Kent, Connecticut – September 13, 2008 – The Sloane-Stanley Museum invites the public to a free program on Saturday, October 4th to celebrate Connecticut Archaeology Awareness Month. Dr. Nicholas Bellantoni, State Archaeologist, will talk at 1p.m. on the history of the Native American settlements and patterns of subsistence along the Housatonic River and how both were forced to adapt to changing climatic conditions and European contact.
Dr. Bellantoni serves as the State Archaeologist with the Connecticut State Museum of Natural History and Archaeology Center at the University of Connecticut. He has been excavating in Connecticut for over 30 years. "We are fortunate to have Dr. Bellantoni open Connecticut Archaeology Awareness Month by speaking at the Sloane-Stanley Museum," said Karin Peterson, Museum Director. "He is a knowledgeable and charismatic speaker." Want-to-be archaeologists can refine their digging skills at "Excavation Station," an interactive learning experience for all ages, which precedes Dr. Bellantoni's presentation from 11:00 am to 1:00 pm. This program also is part of the Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Walking Weekend held each year so the public can learn about the history and culture of this region which includes parts of Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New York.
The Sloane-Stanley Museum was built as a collaborative effort between Eric Sloane and the Stanley Works of New Britain to commemorate the tool company's 125th anniversary. Sloane is known to lovers of Americana as an artist and author who brought to life many forgotten customs and skills of past generations. In all, Sloane authored and illustrated over 38 books.
The Sloane-Stanley Museum is located in Kent, Connecticut on Route 7 (31 Kent-Cornwall Road) just north of the village of Kent and the intersection of Route 7 and 341. The museum is open from Wednesday through Sunday, from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm. Regular admission: Adults $4.00, Senior Citizens, $3.00, Children 6 to 17 $2.50.
The Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism brings together tourism, film, history and the arts. Its mission is to preserve and promote Connecticut's cultural and tourism assets in order to enhance the quality of life and economic vitality of the state.
Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism
Historic Preservation & Museum Division


text:
The Proper Role of Administrative Controls in the Implementation of Controls for Criticality Safety
The Double Contingency Analysis (DCA) is a common tool used in the evaluation and establishment of requirements for the control of criticality in operations involving fissile materials. In one case involving a chemical processing facility the administrative controls resulting from the analysis did not contribute to safety.
The analysis (DCA) and resulting engineering documentation indicated that the equipment and processes at this facility were designing with engineered controls such that the assurance of criticality safety would be simple and straightforward. These engineered controls included the use of favorable geometry tanks, well engineered gloveboxes, robust physical constraints on addition of reflection and moderation, low fire loadings, primary reliance on Halon fire suppression, siphon breaks, and the physical design of eductors. These engineered features created a scrap recovery process that needed only limited reliance on administrative controls on mass. The criticality safety system implemented however, places tremendous burden on administrative mass controls.
The failure to identify the complete sequence of events required for a potential criticality and all of the controls, including passive engineered controls, active engineered controls, and administrative controls, limits the usefulness of the DCA to the operations of this facility. The failure of the DCA to identify (and take credit for) all of the controls present can be expected to result in needless occurrence reports when the operation is quite safe. Lesson learned: Although administrative controls play an important role in the safety of DOE operations, the over-use of these controls and/or under-utilization of engineered controls may actually have a negative impact on facility safety.
For further information or comments on the ORR web site, please contact James M. Heffner.


Jan 20
Constructing Rich False Memories of Committing Crime
Memory researchers long have speculated that certain tactics may lead people to recall crimes that never occurred, and thus could potentially lead to false confessions. This is the first study to provide evidence suggesting that full episodic false memories of committing crime can be generated in a controlled experimental setting. With suggestive memory-retrieval techniques, participants were induced to generate criminal and noncriminal emotional false memories, and we compared these false memories with true memories of emotional events. After three interviews, 70% of participants were classified as having false memories of committing a crime (theft, assault, or assault with a weapon) that led to police contact in early adolescence and volunteered a detailed false account. These reported false memories of crime were similar to false memories of noncriminal events and to true memory accounts, having the same kinds of complex descriptive and multisensory components. It appears that in the context of a highly suggestive interview, people can quite readily generate rich false memories of committing crime.
via Constructing Rich False Memories of Committing Crime published In: Journal of the Association for Psychological Science.


-singleton dimension 3 #11. by ... fc2 ppv 3196631dootalk forumsandprevsearchandptoaue May 5, 2023 · 05-13-2023 08:33 AM. it seems like LangChain's SQL Database Agent is designed to work with any SQL database that supports JDBC connections, which includes Databricks SQL. However, it's unclear whether it works with Dolly as Dolly is not mentioned in the documentation. Assuming that LangChain's SQL Database Agent works with Databricks SQL, you ... google ac 1304 This model was trained on data formatted in the dolly-15k format: '''python: INSTRUCTION_KEY = "### Instruction:" RESPONSE_KEY = "### Response:" INTRO_BLURB = "Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request." PROMPT_FOR_GENERATION_FORMAT = …Apr 7, 2023 · #AI #Databricks" res = generate_response("Write a tweet announcing Dolly, a large language model from Databricks.", model=model, tokenizer=tokenizer) print(res) Which should give something like - Introducing Dolly: the largest, most accurate language model ever! Get ready to have conversations that make sense!


text:
Minor source facilities located in the western third of Iowa (counties listed below) must submit their Minor Source Emission Inventory (MSEI) for calendar year 2011 emissions to the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) Air Quality Bureau by May 15, 2012.
Letters have been sent to facilities required to complete this year's report. A complete air pollutant inventory is required by Iowa Administrative Code (567) sub rule IAC 21.1(3). The data collected is used to track Iowa's progress towards meeting national air quality standards, perform regional and local air pollution dispersion modeling, develop control and maintenance strategies required by the Clean Air Act, and identify emission levels and trends throughout the state.
Reporting forms and updated instructions can be downloaded from
You may also wish to visit _URL_
to view a list of frequently used emissions inventory resources which may assist in completing the MSEI report.
The Iowa DNR will offer Minor Source Emission Inventory SPARS training webinars beginning next month. Facilities intending to submit their MSEI report electronically are strongly encouraged to attend a SPARS training webinar. SPARS training webinars will be held February 29, March 1, March 7, and March 8. Additional information regarding the webinars is available at _URL_
Facilities with less than 100 employees may also contact the Iowa Air Emissions Assistance Program (IAEAP) at the University of Northern Iowa for free training in order to complete their Minor Source Emissions Inventory. For more information regarding free training through the IAEAP, please visit _URL_
For questions, please contact Nick Page at _PHONE_ or _EMAIL_
Below is a list of western counties included in the Minor Source Emissions Inventory:
- DNR Field Office 3: Buena Vista, Calhoun, Cherokee, Clay, Dickinson, Emmet, Ida, Lyon, O'Brien, Osceola, Palo Alto, Plymouth, Pocahontas, Sac, Sioux, and Woodbury
- DNR Field Office 4: Adair, Adams, Audubon, Carroll, Crawford, Cass, Fremont, Greene, Guthrie, Harrison, Mills, Monona, Montgomery, Page, Pottawattamie, Ringgold, Shelby, Taylor, and Union
This list serve article is intended for consultants, industries, environmental groups, general public, and other entities regulated under the Clean Air Act. It was written by the DNR Air Quality Bureau to share regulatory news, program updates and technical guidance.


text: Born on 5th December, 1913 Shri D. B. alias Mamasaheb Kulkarni was a disciple of Late SANE GURUJI under whose tutelage he had imbibed the knowledge and inspiration for Social Work. Shri Kulkarni had worked in our National Freedom Movement at Amalner, Dist. Jalgaon, Maharashtra (during 1938 to 1947) during the emergency period declared by the British Government with SANE GURUJI. During this period Sane Guruji stayed with him when he was underground in disguise. Both came to Mumbai after the independence and worked together till Sane Guruji breathed his last.


text:
Long-term performance of activated carbon air cathodes with different diffusion layer porosities in microbial fuel cells
KAUST Grant NumberKUS-I1-003-13
MetadataShow full item record
AbstractActivated carbon (AC) air-cathodes are inexpensive and useful alternatives to Pt-catalyzed electrodes in microbial fuel cells (MFCs), but information is needed on their long-term stability for oxygen reduction. AC cathodes were constructed with diffusion layers (DLs) with two different porosities (30% and 70%) to evaluate the effects of increased oxygen transfer on power. The 70% DL cathode initially produced a maximum power density of 1214±123mW/m 2 (cathode projected surface area; 35±4W/m 3 based on liquid volume), but it decreased by 40% after 1 year to 734±18mW/m 2. The 30% DL cathode initially produced less power than the 70% DL cathode, but it only decreased by 22% after 1 year (from 1014±2mW/m 2 to 789±68mW/m 2). Electrochemical tests were used to examine the reasons for the degraded performance. Diffusion resistance in the cathode was found to be the primary component of the internal resistance, and it increased over time. Replacing the cathode after 1 year completely restored the original power densities. These results suggest that the degradation in cathode performance was due to clogging of the AC micropores. These findings show that AC is a cost-effective material for oxygen reduction that can still produce ~750mW/m 2 after 1 year. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
CitationZhang F, Pant D, Logan BE (2011) Long-term performance of activated carbon air cathodes with different diffusion layer porosities in microbial fuel cells. Biosensors and Bioelectronics. Available: _URL_
SponsorsThe authors thank D.W. Jones for helping with the analytical measurements, and Dr. Justin C. Tokash for helping with EIS data analysis. This research was supported by Award KUS-I1-003-13 from the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST).
JournalBiosensors and Bioelectronics
CollectionsPublications Acknowledging KAUST Support
- Air-cathode structure optimization in separator-coupled microbial fuel cells.
- Authors: Zhang X, Sun H, Liang P, Huang X, Chen X, Logan BE
- Issue date: 2011 Dec 15
- Microbial fuel cell cathodes with poly(dimethylsiloxane) diffusion layers constructed around stainless steel mesh current collectors.
- Authors: Zhang F, Saito T, Cheng S, Hickner MA, Logan BE
- Issue date: 2010 Feb 15
- Electricity generation using an air-cathode single chamber microbial fuel cell in the presence and absence of a proton exchange membrane.
- Authors: Liu H, Logan BE
- Issue date: 2004 Jul 15
- Power generation by packed-bed air-cathode microbial fuel cells.
- Authors: Zhang X, Shi J, Liang P, Wei J, Huang X, Zhang C, Logan BE
- Issue date: 2013 Aug
- Enhanced activated carbon cathode performance for microbial fuel cell by blending carbon black.
- Authors: Zhang X, Xia X, Ivanov I, Huang X, Logan BE
- Issue date: 2014


text:
Dear Mr. Woodford and "The Student Council Members"
In Ho Chi Minh, there has been a food grab problem. Many poor people don't have enough to eat and they might starve to death! There are different ways to solve this and it depends on where it is. Some people are homeless and even penny less, and they are starving.
- Places like Phu My Hung, they should open a "Free-Food Give away daily." Make sure only the people who aren't poor do not get any. The food are only for poor. Someone can hire a cook and give fresh meal everyday and left over recepies and ingredient. If they want a deluxe meal, make sure they just PAY a penny or two is enough.
- For places like down town, they should have a food festival every month and poor people can take whatever they want, and make sure there are meals that can be kept for a few months so they can eat-fresh until the next festival. People like us can donate food to the festival to make a change.
- And we also can make a change in our school! We should have a "Penny-For-Food" foundation. Students can make posters, presentation and much more. Older students can go to the poor (Vietnamese) and interview them about their feelings of hunger. We can donate money to the poor, and maybe this can happen every 2 months.
Every one can help poor get there body strong and healthy, especially YOU!


text:
The Fort Henry Story
On September 11, 1782, a force of nearly 300 Wyandot, Shawnee, Seneca and Delaware Indians with a company of British Butler's Rangers attacked Fort Henry at Wheeling, Virginia, intent on destroying the patriot militia and settlers there. For three days the 47 men and women, with their children, defended the Fort and withstood constant assault with little hope of reinforcement or relief.
The valiant efforts proved successful and though their homes and property were devastated, the Fort did not fall, and the defenders lived on to found Wheeling. Their heroic stand became know as the "last battle of the American Revolution".
The Fort Henry Defenders
The names of the following fort defenders have come from a variety of sources. Several old books located in the Ohio County Public Library have lists that in part named those individuals that found themselves inside the Fort for what would be one of the last battles of the American Revolution.


text:
The influence of the small neutrino mass on the properties of the cosmological neutrino gas and on the evolution of the universe is estimated. The characteristics of the equilibrium neutrino gas are first calculated and the temperatures up to which to which they can be regarded as ultrarelativistic for different neutrino masses are found. The evolution of cosmological neutrinos of any type are traced for different neutrino masses. The red shifts neutrinos remain ultrarelativistic are determined. The effective temperature of the neutrino gas and the effect of neutrino mass on the rate of expansion of the universe are determined.
Предметные области Scopus
- Астрономия и астрофизика


text:
A Missouri railroad pioneer; the life of Louis Houck by Joel P. Rhodes describes Louis Houck as "a self-taught Cape Girardeau railroader whose network of more than five hundred miles of track transformed southeastern Missouri in the late nineteenth century. Louis Houck also helped establish the college now known as Southeast Missouri State University and wrote a noted history of Missouri" (Provided by publisher).
This noted history, A history of Missouri from the earliest explorations and settlements until the admission of the state into the union has been digitized as well as another of his books, The Spanish regime in Missouri.
Other books by Houck that are available to read at the Library Center are Memorial sketches of pioneers and early residents of Southeast Missouri and Early Census of Southeast Missouri.
The map above is from Missouri Magazine, April 1936, page 16. There is no article with the map but there is this caption "This map of Missouri's old Indian trails is considered the most authentic now in existence. Being copied from the papers of Louis Houck. One of the state's most valued historians. Students please preserve this reprint as it will not appear again soon and there are many inquiries pertaining to the above mentioned early trails."
Find this article at


text:
Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation Project
The Early Childhood Mental Health (ECMH) Consultation Project improves the ability of staff, programs and families to prevent, identify, treat and reduce the impact of social, emotional and other mental health problems among children birth through 5 years of age.
The Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation Project began in 2002 as a 3-year pilot program in Baltimore City and on the Eastern Shore. Based on the project's success as shown in the program evaluation, the Maryland State Department of Education funded the expansion of the ECMH Consultation Pilot Project in 2006 statewide to the twelve child care licensing regions.
In Maryland, the Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation project is both child/family focused and classroom/program focused. This hybrid model allows consultants to focus on specific child behaviors while working with teachers to improve the overall quality of the classroom environment.
The Project's goals are to:
- Promote positive social/emotional wellness practices in early childhood settings;
- Identify and work proactively with children who may have developmental, social, emotional, or behavioral concerns;
- Refer children and families in need of more intensive mental health services to appropriate support and/or clinical programs;
- Help children remain in stable, quality child care arrangements that support their individual needs;
- Increase teacher confidence and competence dealing with challenging behaviors through training, coaching and mentoring, and
- Build close partnerships with local community resources including Judy Centers, Head Start Centers, health departments, Child Find, Maryland Infants & Toddlers Program, preschool special education, and private consultation providers.
The ECMH Consultation Project has been very well received around the state. As one director observed, "Without your help there would be children we would never be able to care for, not that we don't want to, we don't know how to." The ECMH consultants build strong relationships with families, programs, and teachers to prevent, identify, treat, and reduce the impact of mental health problems among children.
Click here for a brochure about the Early Childhood Mental Health Project.
Additional materials and resources for parents and providers on the Early Childhood Mental Health Project:
· Click here for contact information for each region of the state
· Click here for the ECMH Consultation Standards for the State of Maryland
· Click here for ECMH Certificate Program Information
· Click here for a ECMH Legislative Brief
· Click here for the ECMH Standards Workbook, which includes many useful forms and resources.
· Here are some helpful ECMH-related websites:
o Center for the Social and Emotional Foundations for Early Learning: _URL_ -especially helpful are the "What Works Briefs"
o Technical Assistance Center on Social/Emotional Intervention for Young Children, also known as TACSEI: _URL_


text:
Early Origins of the Vyncolm family
The surname Vyncolm was first found in Hampshire
where they held a family seat
from very ancient times, before and after the Norman Conquest
Early History of the Vyncolm family
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Vyncolm research.Another 97 words (7 lines of text) are included under the topic Early Vyncolm History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Vyncolm Spelling Variations
One relatively recent invention that did much to standardize English spelling was the printing press. However, before its invention even the most literate people recorded their names according to sound rather than spelling. The spelling variations
under which the name Vyncolm has appeared include Vincombe, Vinicombe, Vinnicombe, Vinncombe and others.
Early Notables of the Vyncolm family (pre 1700)
More information is included under the topic Early Vyncolm Notables in all our PDF Extended History products
and printed products wherever possible.
Migration of the Vyncolm family to the New World and Oceana
At this time, the shores of the New World beckoned many English families that felt that the social climate in England
was oppressive and lacked opportunity for change. Thousands left England
at great expense in ships that were overcrowded and full of disease. A great portion of these settlers never survived the journey and even a greater number arrived sick, starving, and without a penny. The survivors, however, were often greeted with greater opportunity than they could have experienced back home. These English settlers made significant contributions to those colonies that would eventually become the United States and Canada. An examination of early immigration records and passenger ship lists revealed that people bearing the name Vyncolm arrived in North America very early: William Vinicomb settled in St. John's Newfoundland in 1753; Mrs. Jean Vinicombe rented a meadow near Maggoty Cove, Newfoundland, in 1796; Richard Vinecum was in Maggoty Cove, Newfoundland, in 1813.


All That Remains Test | Final Test - Medium
Buy the All That Remains Lesson Plans
Name: _________________________ Period: ___________________
Multiple Choice Questions
1. In Chapter 16, who has been staying at Scarpetta's house for several weeks?
(a) Scarpetta's mother.
(b) Abby Turnbull.
(c) Mark James.
(d) Pete Marino.
2. Who is the person Scarpetta invites to visit her in the summer?
(a) Charlotte.
(b) Lucy.
(c) Jeff.
(d) Her mother.
3. What is the name of the Central American dictator once on the CIA payroll?
(a) Jose Chavez.
(b) Manuel Noriega.
(c) Ricardo Montelban.
(d) Manuel Ramirez.
4. What is Scarpetta's relationship with her rescuer who leads her to Wesley's house?
(a) Cousin.
(b) Former medical student.
(c) Former patient.
(d) Former lover.
5. What mistake does Scarpetta think the killer made in the murder of Deborah Harvey?
(a) Raping Deborah Harvey.
(b) Shooting Deborah Harvey.
(c) Dismembering Deborah Harvey.
(d) Decapitating Deborah Harvey.
Short Answer Questions
1. Scarpetta suspects the killer is familiar with which popular sport?
2. Who is Henna?
3. Why are Scarpetta and Marino interested in a possible gym bag?
4. How does Scarpetta know Jill Harrington put up a fight?
5. What is the explanation Scarpetta suggests for the blood in the back seat of Elizabeth's car?
(see the answer keys)
This section contains 261 words
(approx. 1 page at 300 words per page)
Buy the All That Remains Lesson Plans
All That Remains from BookRags. (c)2014 BookRags, Inc. All rights reserved.


text:
Property Registration System in China: Theory, Practice and Future Challenges
27 Pages Posted: 14 Oct 2013
Date Written: October 14, 2013
This article aims to provide a general understanding of Chinese property registration system combining an institutional analysis with a selected case study. By conducting a case study, it attempts to assess the extent to which the property registration system is considered appropriate and effective by the market users and legal actors responsible for enforcing it. However, this article is not a quantitative study in the sense that collecting empirical data to examine black-letter provisions' application relative to objective performance indicators. It attempts to depict a general picture of the system by answering the following questions: whether Chinese property registration system is a mandatory registration system or voluntary recordation system? What is its property transfer theory underpinning the system of land registration? How close it is related to Torrens system? The answers will be provided in Part B and C of this paper. In the remaining sections, a survey carried out in Qingdao on Qingdao's registration system will be presented with the aim to illustrate the functionality of the property registration system in China.
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation


note dws How much time would you estimate it would take to convert your card system to a computerized database? :-) At work the data ends up in an excel spreadsheet so that we can calculate our velocity (an eXtreme Programming thing, which is basically a measure of how much work a team can do per volume time). We use our velocity when planning forward. We only plan as much work as we've been able to complete in the prior iteration. This keeps us from getting overloaded. 430374 430402


text:
write-byte byte stream => byte
Arguments and Values:
byte---an integer of the stream element type of stream.
stream---a binary output stream.
write-byte writes one byte, byte, to stream.
(with-open-file (s "temp-bytes" :direction :output :element-type 'unsigned-byte) (write-byte 101 s)) => 101
stream is modified.
The element type of the stream.
Should signal an error of type type-error if stream is not a stream. Should signal an error of type error if stream is not a binary output stream.
Might signal an error of type type-error if byte is not an integer of the stream element type of stream.
read-byte, write-char, write-sequence


text:
The Flounced Chestnut (Agrochola helvola) is a species of moth in the Noctuidae family.
This species is widespread in Britain, inhabiting woodlands, moors, and scrubs during the Autumn. This species is similar to other chestnuts, but is generally larger, with a more angular forewing. There is a paler crossbar in the centre of the forewings, and the kidney and oval marks are pale. As this species name suggests, it is chestnut brown in colour.


increase the risk of adverse side effects, such as dry mouth, blurred vision, drowsiness, and dizziness.
While the chemical and physical stability of dimenhydrinate can vary depending on storage conditions, it's essential to consider the manufacturer's expiration date as a guideline for optimal quality and efficacy. Beyond this date, there is no guarantee that the medication will perform as intended.
To ensure the best possible outcome and minimize any potential risks, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before using expired Dramamine. They can provide personalized advice based on your specific circumstances and medical history.
In most cases, it's recommended to obtain a fresh supply of Dramamine if your current stock is expired. This ensures that you're taking a medication that meets the manufacturer's quality standards and is more likely to effectively manage your motion sickness symptoms.
Consult Your Healthcare Provider and Restock if Needed
While the information provided in this article can serve as a general guideline, it's crucial to remember that individual circumstances may vary. Consulting with a healthcare professional, such as a pharmacist or physician, is highly recommended when dealing with expired medications. They can provide personalized advice based on your specific health condition, medical history, and the type of medication in question.
If you have been using expired Dramamine or have an expired supply at home, it's advisable to purchase a fresh supply. This ensures that you have access to the medication in its optimal condition, maximizing its effectiveness and minimizing potential safety risks. Replenishing your stock with a new, unexpired bottle of Dramamine can provide peace of mind and ensure you're prepared for any upcoming travel or situations where motion sickness relief may be needed.
Photo of author
Doughnut Lounge
The Doughnut Lounge Team combines the talents of a donut connoisseur, a creative baker, an aesthetic photographer, and a social specialist.
As passionate lovers of donuts, they're dedicated to sharing their expertise, delivering content, tempting recipes, artistic visuals, and social posts to fellow doughnut enthusiasts worldwide.
Our mission is to enlighten and entertain fellow donut aficionados with our diverse skills in recipe creation, and storytelling.
Together, we're your ultimate resource for all things sweet and doughy, served with a sprinkle of joy!


text:
Question by Alexis: chemistry reaction problem?? about mass? please help! thanks!?
An experiment that led to the formation of the new field of organic chemistry involved the synthesis of urea, CN2H4O, by the controlled reaction of ammonia and carbon dioxide.
2 NH3(g) + CO2(g) CN2H4O(s) + H2O(l)
What is the mass of urea when ammonia is reacted with 100. g of carbon dioxide?
Answer by jreut
Use dimensional analysis and stoichiometry:
100 g CO2 x 1 mole CO2 / 44 g CO2 x 1 mol urea / 1 mole CO2 x 60 g urea / 1 mole urea =
100/44*60= 136. grams of urea produced.
The first term, 100 g CO2, is your starting amount.
The second fraction, 1 mol CO2 / 44 g CO2, is a conversion factor that equals 1, since there are 44 g CO2 in a mole of CO2.
The third fraction is the stoichiometric ratio in the chemical equation: for every one mole of CO2 consumed, 1 mol of urea is formed.
The fourth fraction is the conversion factor back to grams.
Add your own answer in the comments!
- Installing Virtue OLED Board & Laser Eyes in Dye DM9 Paintball Gun
- Bridging Digital and Physical Worlds With SixthSense
- Official Angry Birds 3 Star Walkthrough Theme 3 Levels 1-5
- HTC Schubert
- Sketching Out a Future for the Stylus


text:
The WP3 Vision is to develop robust, energy efficient and user acceptable wireless communication system and devices. The system will consist of on-body sensor network and in-house network of access points. The wearable devices will be small and use energy harvesting components as the main source of energy. The system will provide real time information regarding physical activity and localisation.
The first SPHERE wearable sensor is materialised. SPW-1 (Figure 1) is an inertial sensor board optimised for in-house long-term activity monitoring. Ultra-low power consumption has been realised by using two accelerometers, which provide energy-efficient gyroscope functionality, and a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) system-on-chip for wireless communications.
Measurements and experiments conducted in the SPHERE house (Figure 3) and in the University of Bristol's laboratory facilities (Figure 2) have demonstrated a life expectancy of up to 10 months, when powered by a coin cell battery, while maintaining full-house wireless coverage.
Current research focuses on the areas of integrating energy harvesting functionalities (in collaboration with WP4); optimising the wireless performance through advanced coding techniques and intelligent antenna design (in collaboration with Toshiba); and providing indoors localisation services. In conjunction with all the other sensors within the SPHERE architecture, SPW-1 provides data for healthcare monitoring in the SPHERE house and other health-oriented services.


text:
Quilt, Australian AIDS Memorial Quilt, various makers and places of manufacture, Australia / United States of America, _PHONE_
The Australian AIDS Memorial Quilt, of which this eight-panel quilt forms a part, is an evocative record of those who were lost to HIV, many of them in their 20s and 30s. The visual diversity of the panels is marked, capturing as they do the character and individuality of the person who died. In the 1980s and 90s, at the onset of AIDS and in the following decade, societal attitudes were often homophobic. The Quilt records memories of those vibrant young people who faced their death in times of ignorance, often with no help, no friends (many had died already), family denial and discrimination. Some panels are anonymous, while many are now supported by documentation such as written descriptions by the maker, photographs and eulogies. As a result, the AIDS Quilt tells us a great deal about social change and changing attitudes to safe sex, gay culture and death in the late twentieth century in western societies.
The quilts are important ¬?so there is a record of that person existing, whereas with a lot of people with AIDS that (record) is not there. There¬?s a whole generation of people - unless we tell their stories, they are not there¬?. (Interview with Libby Woodhams, Sydney QuiltProject Convenor 2010). In most western societies, mourning is a fairly private and restrained affair in which depths of emotion are kept out of the public eye. Given the prejudices surrounding the AIDS epidemic, one can understand how difficult it is for those who are mourning their AIDS victims to express their grief fully and openly. The AIDS Quilt is remarkable because it combined an opportunity to share in the mourning process with a celebration of the life of the deceased.
First diagnosed in 1981, HIV/AIDS is the major infectious epidemic of the late 20th century. The first Australian death from AIDS was recorded in Melbourne in 1983. Subsequently, public programs undertaken by community organisations and government departments in Australia have educated people about the disease and its transmission. The Australian AIDS Memorial Quilt Project, then comprising 35 panels, was formally launched in Sydney on 1 December 1988 (World AIDS Day), by Ita Buttrose, Chairperson of the National Advisory Committee on AIDS (NACAIDS). While the Quilt began as a memorial, it has become one of the nation¬?s most valuable resources for promoting a compassionate and educational dialogue about AIDS within Australian communities. Its non-threatening nature and artistic and creative approach enables accessibility to the content and allows people from all walks of life to learn about the AIDS epidemic from its human side.
UK quilt website _URL_
Anni Turnbull, Curatorial Design & Society, 2011
This quilt was made by various people in Sydney, New South Wales; Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and New York, United States of America, between 1989 - 1994.
In the documentation, 'panel' refers to a single memorial piece; several panels stitched together form one 'quilt'; many individual quilts make up the Australian AIDS Memorial Quilt.
Typically very personalized, individual quilt panels were created by the loved ones of someone who died of AIDS-related causes. Each panel is roughly the size of a human grave; the panels were given to the Australian Quilt Project, where they were grouped with other similar panels to form a quilt. Quilts like this were often the only opportunity people had to remember and celebrate their loved ones' lives.
This quilt was created as part of the Australian AIDS Memorial Quilt Project, which was founded in September 1988 by Andrew Carter OAM and Richard Johnson in Sydney. It was formally launched on World AIDS Day, 1 December 1988 by Ms Ita Buttrose. The founding 35 memorial panels were displayed that day in Sydney with visiting panels from the American Names Project.
Australian traveller Andrew Carter saw the American Quilt during its 1988 US National Tour, and upon his return home he was inspired to found the Australian Quilt with Richard Johnson. Andrew Carter was later awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia in recognition of this work. The Australian Quilt remains the largest outside the USA. Local groups of the Quilt now exist in States and Territories across Australia.
In 2007 the Quilt Project Sydney, which became the custodian of the Australian AIDS Memorial Quilt in 2000 offered the Quilt to the Powerhouse Museum for acquisition into the collection. A lengthy collaborative process ensued, in order to ensure that both the families of those commemorated and the makers of the quilts were in agreement with this proposal. At the same time, photography and documentation of the quilts, together with purpose-designed storage were carried out.


It is safe to say, that the ceiling is the culmination of the interior decoration of any accommodation. Not so long ago the problem of adjusting the ceiling surface irregularities was insoluble. But now it is very easy to amend such situation.
Drop ceilings are ceiling constructions, whose strength members are fastened directly to the basic ceiling. This is the main difference between a drop and suspended ceiling (whose strength members are fastened to the basic construction). This peculiarity of the drop ceiling allows diminishing floor-to-ceiling height only by the thickness of its frame. According to the materials, used in the construction of the drop ceilings system, they are divided into two groups:
 1. gypsum panel ceilings
 2. finishing decorative panel ceilings (wood particleboard, fiberboard, medium density fiberboard, etc.)
The most popular materials for making drop ceilings are:
 1. Expanded polystyrene plates. This material is heatand soundinsulating and moisture-proof. It creates a comfortable microclimate in any accommodation.
 2. Decorative plates from wood particleboard and fiberboard, covered with natural wood veneer.
 3. Plastic panels. Such panels have no disadvantages: they are light, firm, waterproof and stylish designed.
 4. Gypsum cardboard panels. Gypsum cardboard is the most common material for making drop ceilings. It is extremely heatand soundinsulating.