text:
Definition of association. Meaning of association. Synonyms of association
Here you will find one or more explanations in English for the word association. Also in the bottom left of the page several parts of wikipedia pages related to the word association and, of course, association synonyms and on the right images related to the word association.
Definition of association
AssociationAssociation As*so'ci*a"tion (?; 277), n. [Cf. F. association,
LL. associatio, fr. L. associare.]
1. The act of associating, or state of being associated;
union; connection, whether of persons of things. ''Some.
.. bond of association.' --Hooker.
Self-denial is a kind of holy association with God.
2. Mental connection, or that which is mentally linked or
associated with a thing.
Words... must owe their powers association.
Why should... the holiest words, with all their
venerable associations, be profaned? --Coleridge.
3. Union of persons in a company or society for some
particular purpose; as, the American Association for the
Advancement of Science; a benevolent association.
Specifically, as among the Congregationalists, a society,
consisting of a number of ministers, generally the pastors
of neighboring churches, united for promoting the
interests of religion and the harmony of the churches.
Association of ideas (Physiol.), the combination or
connection of states of mind or their objects with one
another, as the result of which one is said to be revived
or represented by means of the other. The relations
according to which they are thus connected or revived are
called the law of association. Prominent among them are
reckoned the relations of time and place, and of cause and
Meaning of association from wikipedia
to: voluntary association
who voluntarily enter
into an agreement
football, commonly known
or soccer, is a sport played between
of eleven players
with a spherical
- a voluntary association
(also sometimes called
association, or just an association) is a
- a trade
association, also known
as an industry trade
group, business association
association, is an organization founded
- the football
association, also known simply
as the fa, is the governing
body of football
in england. oldest football association
- a professional association
organization, or professional
society) is usually
- the german football
association. (deutscher fußball-bund. dfb) is the governing
body of football
. a founding member
of both fifa
- as a legal
entity, the organisation
may be a co-operative society, a company limited
by guarantee, an incorporated association
- the american library association
(ala) is a non-profit organization based
in the united states
that promotes libraries
- the most common purpose
of these associations
is'maintaining or improving
of their employment
this may include


Making Constants Configurable
There are several constants that a user is likely going to want to change, like the size of the buffers for recording, or the minimum and maximum length of the delays during execution with random delays.
These constants are typically found in classes like SyncPointBuffer and other classes that first get put in the cunitrt.jar file. This file contains all the classes that make up the least dependency fixpoint of the classes required for the Concutest runtime. After it has been created, it gets merged with the rt.jar file during instrumentation and then put on the boot classpath so it's available right from the beginning during VM initialization.
The problem is that instrumentation is a rather lengthy process (it takes a few minutes), so I want to avoid running a full instrumentation just because a number, like the delay in milliseconds, has changed. That means I have to store these constants externally somehow, outside the rt.jar file (or update the rt.jar file).
The normal way to do this would probably to use a file, maybe a text file. My XML configuration library could easily deal with this. However, since this is happening very often and — more importantly — very early during VM initialization, I want the process to be especially light-weight, especially easy for the VM executing the program.
What's the easiest way for the VM to get a value? The easiest way is to simply read a value out of a public static final field, or more technically, to load a value out of the constant pool. That's exactly what's going on right now, when all these values are hard-coded.
In fact, it cannot be done more easily. Any retrieval from a file, for example, would require the VM to load the name of the file out of the constant pool, and that is already the work necessary to retrieve a constant, so reading the value from a file has to be more work.
But how do I make these constants tweakable? I have decided to create a separate class (an interface, to be precise), edu.rice.cs.cunit.ConcutestConstants, that contains all tweakable constants. It is also included in the cunitrt.jar file and therefore in the rt.jar file during instrumentation. Nothing has really changed right now.
What I can do now, though, is create a copy of that class that lives outside of the rt.jar file and that has different values than the one inside the rt.jar file. If I put this class at the beginning of the boot classpath, then the class outside with the different values will be found first. Creating that modified class file is a little bit more work for the launcher program than writing to a text file or using Java attributes and System.getProperty, but this approach is as light-weight as it can be for the executing program.
The battery on my MacBook (now with 2 GB RAM, thank you, Corky!) is about to run out, so I'll get back to implementing this on my workstation at home.
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text:
Welcome to the City of Rye, NY
Receive Community Alerts Instantly
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FOIL Procedures Effective May 1, 2013
RFP Blind Brook Watershed Study
2013 Annual Budget
Rye Golf Club 2013 Budget Information
Upper Pond Resizing Presentation
Joint City Council & Board of Ed Resolution
Rye City School District Proposed Project
Rye Historical Fact
- Benjamin Franklin developed the system of milestones for the Boston Post Road marking the distance from lower Manhattan. Three milestones, #24, 25 and 26, still exist in Rye.
- The first Rye settlers came from Greenwich in 1660. They bought Manursing Island from the Siwanoy for 8 coats, 7 shirts and 15 fathom of wampum.
- Rye was part of Connecticut in the late 1600s. The New York/Connecticut boarder dispute wasn't settled until 1731.
- George Washington stayed at the Square House (known as "Widow Haviland's") twice in 1789. He called it "a very neat and decent inn".
- John Adams and his cousin Samuel stopped at the Square House in 1774 on their way to the First Continental Congress in Philadelphia.
- The first village square was located across from the Square House and was where the local militia trained. Criminals were punished there in stockades and a whipping post.
- Purchase St. wasn't paved until 1912. To keep the dust down, the Village Improvement Association used sprinkling carts to spray water on the street.
- When the Square House became the Village Hall in 1904, Rye's population was 3,500. The Square House remained the Village Hall until 1964 when City Hall was built.
- The railroad came to Rye in 1849. Before that, the most efficient mode of transportation was on the water.
- The Rye Arts Center building at 51 Milton Road was built in 1788 as the second Episcopal Church, replacing the original church that burned during the Revolution.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


2 Source
arrow :: Renderable (Path R2) b => Double -> Diagram b R2 Source
arrow len creates an arrow of length len with default parameters, starting at the origin and ending at the point (len,0).
arrow' :: Renderable (Path R2) b => ArrowOpts -> Double -> Diagram b R2 Source
arrow' opts len creates an arrow of length len using the given options, starting at the origin and ending at the point (len,0). In particular, it scales the given arrowShaft so that the entire arrow has length len.
straightShaft :: Trail R2 Source
Straight line arrow shaft.
arrowHead :: Lens' ArrowOpts ArrowHT Source
A shape to place at the head of the arrow.
arrowTail :: Lens' ArrowOpts ArrowHT Source
A shape to place at the tail of the arrow.
arrowShaft :: Lens' ArrowOpts (Trail R2) Source
The trail to use for the arrow shaft.
headGap :: Lens' ArrowOpts (Measure R2) Source
Distance to leave between the head and the target point.
tailGap :: Lens' ArrowOpts (Measure R2) Source
Distance to leave between the starting point and the tail.
gaps :: Traversal' ArrowOpts (Measure R2) Source
Set both the headGap and tailGap simultaneously.
gap :: Traversal' ArrowOpts (Measure R2) Source
Same as gaps, provided for backward compatiiblity.
headTexture :: Setter' ArrowOpts Texture Source
A lens for setting or modifying the texture of an arrowhead. For example, one may write ... (with & headTexture .~ grad) to get an arrow with a head filled with a gradient, assuming grad has been defined. Or ... (with & headTexture .~ solid blue to set the head color to blue. For more general control over the style of arrowheads, see headStyle.
headStyle :: Lens' ArrowOpts (Style R2) Source
Style to apply to the head. headStyle is modified by using the lens combinator %~ to change the current style. For example, to change an opaque black arrowhead to translucent orange: (with & headStyle %~ fc orange . opacity 0.75).
tailTexture :: Setter' ArrowOpts Texture Source
A lens for setting or modifying the texture of an arrow tail.
tailStyle :: Lens' ArrowOpts (Style R2) Source
Style to apply to the tail. See headStyle.
shaftTexture :: Setter' ArrowOpts Texture Source
A lens for setting or modifying the texture of an arrow shaft.
shaftStyle :: Lens' ArrowOpts (Style R2) Source
Style to apply to the shaft. See headStyle.
headLength :: Lens' ArrowOpts (Measure R2) Source
The length from the start of the joint to the tip of the head.
tailLength :: Lens' ArrowOpts (Measure R2) Source
The length of the tail plus its joint.
lengths :: Traversal' ArrowOpts (Measure R2) Source
Set both the headLength and tailLength simultaneously.
Text
text :: Renderable Text b => String -> Diagram b R2 Source
Create a primitive text diagram from the given string, with center alignment, equivalent to alignedText 0.5 0.5.
Note that it takes up no space, as text size information is not available.
topLeftText :: Renderable Text b => String -> Diagram b R2 Source
Create a primitive text diagram from the given string, origin at the top left corner of the text's bounding box, equivalent to alignedText 0 1.
Note that it takes up no space.
alignedText :: Renderable Text b => Double -> Double -> String -> Diagram b R2 Source
Create a primitive text diagram from the given string, with the origin set to a point interpolated within the bounding box. The first parameter varies from 0 (left) to 1 (right), and the second parameter from 0 (bottom) to 1 (top).
The height of this box is determined by the font's potential ascent and descent, rather than the height of the particular string.
Note that it takes up no space.
baselineText :: Renderable Text b => String -> Diagram b R2 Source
Create a primitive text diagram from the given string, with the origin set to be on the baseline, at the beginning (although not bounding). This is the reference point of showText in the Cairo graphics library.
Note that it takes up no space.
font :: HasStyle a => String -> a -> a Source
Specify a font family to be used for all text within a diagram.
italic :: HasStyle a => a -> a Source
Set all text in italics.
oblique :: HasStyle a => a -> a Source
Set all text using an oblique slant.
bold :: HasStyle a => a -> a Source
Set all text using a bold font weight.
fontSize :: (HasStyle a, V a ~ R2) => Measure R2 -> a -> a Source
Set the font size, that is, the size of the font's em-square as measured within the current local vector space. The default size is 1.
fontSizeO :: (HasStyle a, V a ~ R2) => Double -> a -> a Source
A convenient synonym for 'fontSize (Output w)'.
fontSizeL :: (HasStyle a, V a ~ R2) => Double -> a -> a Source
A convenient sysnonym for 'fontSize (Local w)'.
fontSizeN :: (HasStyle a, V a ~ R2) => Double -> a -> a Source
A convenient synonym for 'fontSize (Normalized w)'.
fontSizeG :: (HasStyle a, V a ~ R2) => Double -> a -> a Source
A convenient synonym for 'fontSize (Global w)'.
Images
data DImage :: * -> * where Source
An image primitive, the two ints are width followed by height. Will typically be created by loadImageEmb or loadImageExt which, will handle setting the width and heigh to the actual width and height of the image.
Constructors
DImage :: ImageData t -> Int -> Int -> T2 -> DImage t
Instances
data ImageData :: * -> * where Source
ImageData is either a JuicyPixels DynamicImage tagged as Embedded or a reference tagged as External.
data Embedded Source
Instances
data External Source
Instances
image :: (Typeable a, Renderable (DImage a) b) => DImage a -> Diagram b R2 Source
Make a DImage into a Diagram.
loadImageEmb :: FilePath -> IO (Either String (DImage Embedded)) Source
Use JuicyPixels to read an image in any format and wrap it in a DImage. The width and height of the image are set to their actual values.
loadImageExt :: FilePath -> IO (Either String (DImage External)) Source
Check that a file exists, and use JuicyPixels to figure out the right size, but save a reference to the image instead of the raster data
uncheckedImageRef :: FilePath -> Int -> Int -> DImage External Source
Make an "unchecked" image reference; have to specify a width and height. Unless the aspect ratio of the external image is the w :: h, then the image will be distorted.
raster :: (Int -> Int -> AlphaColour Double) -> Int -> Int -> DImage Embedded Source
Create an image "from scratch" by specifying the pixel data
rasterDia :: Renderable (DImage Embedded) b => (Int -> Int -> AlphaColour Double) -> Int -> Int -> Diagram b R2 Source
Crate a diagram from raw raster data.
Transformations
Rotation
rotation :: Angle -> T2 Source
Create a transformation which performs a rotation about the local origin by the given angle. See also rotate.
rotate :: (Transformable t, V t ~ R2) => Angle -> t -> t Source
Rotate about the local origin by the given angle. Positive angles correspond to counterclockwise rotation, negative to clockwise. The angle can be expressed using any of the Isos on Angle. For example, rotate (1/4 @@ turn), rotate (tau/4 @@ rad), and rotate (90 @@ deg) all represent the same transformation, namely, a counterclockwise rotation by a right angle. To rotate about some point other than the local origin, see rotateAbout.
Note that writing rotate (1/4), with no Angle constructor, will yield an error since GHC cannot figure out which sort of angle you want to use. In this common situation you can use rotateBy, which interprets its argument as a number of turns.
rotateBy :: (Transformable t, V t ~ R2) => Double -> t -> t Source
A synonym for rotate, interpreting its argument in units of turns; it can be


September 1, 2012
Electricity Cost of Using a Kindle
I while ago someone on The Simple Dollar made a comment questioning the electricity usage of a Kindle. At the time I thought to myself that a Kindle couldn't possibly use much electricity. Small electronics like cell phones and tables and the like really don't use much power and their small batteries require little electricity to charge them. But I like to have actual facts rather than just simple assumptions. Therefore I set off to find out how much electricity a Kindle actually uses and how much the electricity it would cost to operate one.
Amazon's Kindle Fire is probably the worst case as far as Kindle models go. It has color screen and a more powerful processor so it will use more electricity than the other models. I'm going to just look at the Fire since its the worst case, the other simpler black and white models will be cheaper to operate.
The Kindle Fire has a battery with 16.28 Wh capacity. Thats 0.1628 kWh. The average cost of a single kWh is about 11¢/. Based on these numbers it would cost 0.17908¢ to charge the battery of a Kindle Fire.
You can charge the battery in a Kindle Fire 5.58 times for a single penny worth of electricity.
Amazon says that the Kindle Fire will last 8 hours of reading on a single charge. One penny worth of electricity will get you 44.64 hours worth of reading on a Fire.
 An average book is approximately 70,000 words. An average adult reads about 250 words a minute.
1 penny = 44.64 hours reading = 2678.4 minutes reading = 669,600 words = 9.565 books.
For the cost of 1 penny worth of electricity an average speed reader can read approximately 9 1/2 average size books on a Fire.
The Kindle Fire will also play movies and videos. The Amazon specs say that the Fire will play 7.5 hours of video on a battery charge. Nearly as much as the reading time on a single battery charge.
Since a penny of electricity will charge a Fire 5.58 times and a single charge will give you 7.5 hours of video you can get 41.85 hours of video playback on a Fire for 1 penny worth of electricity.
Of course all of these numbers are just averages and your mileage will vary.
Bottom Line : A Kindle is very cheap to operate and the electricity bill should be almost negligible.
- -
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text:
Project Will Bring Reclaimed Water to Clearwater Residents
A project funded by the Southwest Florida Water Management District and the City of Clearwater will bring reclaimed water to residents who live in the Skycrest area of Clearwater.
The project includes the design and construction of a high-service pump station, more than 63,500 linear feet of reclaimed water transmission lines, distribution piping, and a five-million-gallon storage tank.
The project will interconnect reclaimed water supplies from the city's three waste water treatment plants, which will provide the ability to move reclaimed water to areas of high demand, and provide for the pumping and storage necessary to service additional customers in central Clearwater.
This project is expected to provide approximately 410,000 gallons per day (gpd) of reclaimed water to nearly 500 residential and commercial reclaimed water customers in central Clearwater. The project will offset 250,000 gpd of groundwater.
This cooperatively funded effort between the District's Pinellas-Anclote River Basin Board and Clearwater is estimated to cost $10.8 million. The District will contribute 50 percent of the costs.
Construction is scheduled to begin in May 2008 and is expected to be complete by December 2010.
Reclaimed water is wastewater that has received at least secondary treatment and is used for a beneficial purpose, such as irrigation. By offsetting demand for ground water and surface water, this alternative, non-traditional water source reduces stress on environmental systems, provides economic benefits by delaying costly water system expansions, and eliminates the need to discharge wastewater effluent to surface waters.
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the Semitic letter. For the band, see Qoph (band).
Phonemic representation kˤ, q, g
Position in alphabet 19
Numerical value 100
Alphabetic derivatives of the Phoenician
Qoph or Qop is the nineteenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Qōp Phoenician qoph.svg, Hebrew Qof ק, Aramaic Qop Qoph.svg, Syriac Qōp̄ ܩ, and Arabic Qāf ق (in abjadi order). Its sound value is an emphatic [] or [q]. In Hebrew gematria, it has the numerical value of 100.
The origin of qoph is uncertain. It is usually suggested to have originally depicted either a sewing needle, specifically the eye of a needle (the Hebrew קוף means "hole"), or the back of a head and neck (qāf in Arabic meant "nape").[1] According to an older suggestion, it may also have been a picture of a monkey and its tail.[2]
Hebrew Qof[edit]
The Oxford Hebrew-English Dictionary gives the letter Qoph a transliteration value of q or k; and, when word-final, it may be transliterated as ck. The normal English spellings of Biblical names containing this letter may represent it as C or K, e.g. Cain for Hebrew Qayin, or Kenan for Qenan (Genesis 4:1, 5:9).
Orthographic variants
Various print fonts Cursive
Serif Sans-serif Monospaced
ק ק ק Hebrew letter Kuf handwriting.svg Hebrew letter Kuf Rashi.png
Hebrew spelling: קוֹף
In modern Israeli Hebrew the letter is also called kuf. The letter represents /k/; i.e., no distinction is made between Qof and Kaph. However, many historical groups have made that distinction, with Qof being pronounced [q] by Iraqi Jews and other Mizrahim, or even as [ɡ] by Yemenite Jews under the influence of Yemeni Arabic.
Significance of Qof[edit]
Qof in gematria represents the number 100. Sarah is described in Genesis Rabba as בת ק' כבת כ' שנה לחטא, literally "At Qof years of age, she was like Kaph years of age in sin", meaning that when she was 100 years old, she was as sinless as when she was 20.
After a child says something false, one might retort: "B'Shin Qoph, Resh" (with Shin, Qoph, Resh). These letters spell sheqer, which is the Hebrew word for a lie. It would be akin to an English speaker saying "That's an L-I-E."
Arabic qāf[edit]
The letter ق is named قاف qāf and is written in several ways depending on its position in the word:
Position in word: Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form: ق ـق ـقـ قـ
It is usually transliterated into Latin script as q, though some scholarly works use.[3]
According to Sibawayh, author of the first book on Arabic grammar, the letter is pronounced as a voiced phoneme.[4] As noted above, Modern Standard Arabic has the voiceless uvular plosive /q/ as its standard pronunciation of the letter, but dialectical pronunciations vary as follows:
This variance has led to the confusion over the spelling of Libyan leader Muammar al-Gaddafi's name in Latin letters. In Western Arabic dialects the sound [q] is more preserved but can also be sometimes pronounced [ɡ] or as a simple [k] under Berber and French influence.
The Maghribi text renders qāf and fā' differently than elsewhere would:
منكم فقد ضل سواء السبيل فبما نقضهم ميثـٰـقهم لعنـٰـهم وجعلنا قلوبهم قـٰـسية يحرفون الكلم عن مواضعه ونسوا حظاً مما ذكروا به ولا تزال تطلع
Maghrebi variant[edit]
The Maghrebi style of writing qāf is different: having only a single point (dot) above; when the letter is isolated or word-final, it may sometimes become unpointed.[5]
The Maghrebi qāf
Position in word: Isolated Final Medial Initial
Form of letter: ٯ ـٯ ـڧـ ڧـ
The earliest Arabic manuscripts show qāf in several variants: pointed (above or below) or unpointed.[6] Then the prevalent convention was having a point above for fā' and a point below for qāf; this practice is now only preserved in manuscripts from the Maghribi,[7] with the exception of Libya and Algeria, where the Mashriqi form (two dots above: ق) prevails.
Within Maghribi texts, there is no possibility of confusing it with the letter fā', as it is instead written with a dot underneath (ڢ) in the Maghribi script.[8]
In Persian, the letter is pronounced [ɣ]~[ɢ].
Character encodings[edit]
Character ק ق ܩ
Encodings decimal hex decimal hex decimal hex decimal hex
Unicode 1511 U+05E7 1602 U+0642 1833 U+0729 2066 U+0812
UTF-8 215 167 D7 A7 217 130 D9 82 220 169 DC A9 224 160 146 E0 A0 92
Numeric character reference ק ק ق ق ܩ ܩ ࠒ ࠒ
Character 𐎖 𐡒 𐤒
Encodings decimal hex decimal hex decimal hex
Unicode 66454 U+10396 67666 U+10852 67858 U+10912
UTF-8 240 144 142 150 F0 90 8E 96 240 144 161 146 F0 90 A1 92 240 144 164 146 F0 90 A4 92
UTF-16 55296 57238 D800 DF96 55298 56402 D802 DC52 55298 56594 D802 DD12
Numeric character reference 𐎖 𐎖 𐡒 𐡒 𐤒 𐤒
 1. ^ Travers Wood, Henry Craven Ord Lanchester, A Hebrew Grammar, 1913, p. 7. A. B. Davidson, Hebrew Primer and Grammar, 2000, p. 4. The meaning is doubtful. "Eye of a needle" has been suggested, and also "knot" Harvard Studies in Classical Philology vol. 45.
 2. ^ Isaac Taylor, History of the Alphabet: Semitic Alphabets, Part 1, 2003: "The old explanation, which has again been revived by Halévy, is that it denotes an 'ape,' the character Q being taken to represent an ape with its tail hanging down. It may also be referred to a Talmudic root which would signify an 'aperture' of some kind, as the 'eye of a needle,'... Lenormant adopts the more usual explanation that the word means a 'knot'.
 3. ^ e.g., The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
 4. ^ Kees Versteegh, The Arabic Language, pg. 131. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2001. Paperback edition. ISBN 9780748614363
 5. ^ van den Boogert, N. (1989). "Some notes on Maghrebi script" (PDF). Manuscript of the Middle East 4. p. 38 shows qāf with a superscript point in all four positions.
 6. ^ Gacek, Adam (2008). The Arabic Manuscript Tradition. Brill. p. 61. ISBN 90-04-16540-1.
 7. ^ Gacek, Adam (2009). Arabic Manuscripts: A Vademecum for Readers. Brill. p. 145. ISBN 90-04-17036-7.
 8. ^ Muhammad Ghoniem, M S M Saifullah, cAbd ar-Rahmân Robert Squires & cAbdus Samad, Are There Scribal Errors In The Qur'ân?, see qif on a traffic sign written ڧڢ which is written elsewhere as قف, Retrieved 2011-August-27
External links[edit]


text:
The City of Jacksonville has applied for Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Public Assistance (PA) funding through the North Carolina Emergency Management (NCEM) as a sub-recipient.
Under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), federal actions must be reviewed and evaluated for feasible alternatives and for social, economic, historic, environmental, legal, and safety considerations. Under Executive Order (EO) 11988 and EO 11990, FEMA is required to consider alternatives to and to provide a public notice of any proposed actions in or affecting floodplains or wetlands. EO 12898 also requires FEMA to provide the opportunity for public participation in the planning process and to consider potential impacts to minority and low-income populations. This notice may also fulfill requirements under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA).
Funding for the proposed project will be conditional upon compliance with all applicable federal, tribal, state, and local laws, regulations, floodplain standards, permit requirements and conditions.
Applicant: The City of Jacksonville
Project Title: Ellis Blvd Pump Station - Generator and Pump Controls
Location of Proposed Work:
Date of Construction
Ellis Blvd Pump Station
122 Ellis Boulevard Jacksonville, NC 28540
Special Flood Hazard Area Zone:
This project is for the Ellis Blvd Pump Station located in an AE floodway. Confirmation of location in the floodplain was made by reference to Onslow County Preliminary Flood Insurance Rate Map, Panel 3720438600K, dated 06/30/2016. The proposed work conforms to all applicable State of North Carolina and local floodplain regulations. The proposed work will be done on existing structures and will have no effect on the local floodplain. The proposed work has the potential to be impacted by flooding in the future but is functionally dependent on its location in the floodplain. The proposed work will take place in a Freshwater Forested/Shrub Wetland per the United States Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory but will have little potential to impact or affect wetland values.
Proposed Work and Purpose:
The City of Jacksonville is requesting funds to replace a generator, pumps, motors, chlorination system, and other components at the Ellis Blvd Pump Station. These actions will have mitigation to minimize future damages by elevating the bypass pump, chlorination system/biofilter, and backup generator above the base flood elevation (BFE). The purpose of this project is to replace and better protect equipment that supports the critical action of waste water treatment in the City of Jacksonville.
Alternative #1 (No Action): If no action is taken to protect this public facility, it will impact the function of wastewater treatment in the City of Jacksonville.
Alternative #2: (Relocation) Relocating structures outside of the flood zone was evaluated. This pump station is a piece of a connected system and therefore it is not practicable to move these structures out of the flood zone.
Comments are solicited from the public; local, state or federal agencies, and other interested parties in order to consider and evaluate the impacts of the proposed project. The comments should be made in writing and addressed to:
FEMA Internal 11988 Reviewer
FEMA Region 4
3003 Chamblee-Tucker Road
Atlanta, Georgia, 30341
Alternatively, comments may be emailed to: _EMAIL_. Please send comments with the subject line [DR-4393-NC-01598 11988 COMMENT].
All comments are due by no later than 30 days of the posted date of this notice.
POSTED ON: (June 16, 2020)
End of Notice

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
"To turn the tables" is a figure of speech
meaning "to put someone else in the predicament that we have been occupying, or a into a similar one."
The term arose during the early 1600s, and seems to have been a reference to a card or board game in which a player, when at a disadvantage, might reverse the position of the board and thereby shift the disadvantage fo his opponent.
A similar possibility holds that the original sense of the expression might be the same as we now mean by "duplicate", as in the game duplicate bridge, wherein after a series of hands of cards had been played, the table was turned and the same series of hands was replayed, each player holding the hand previously held by an opponent.
There's another interesting theory that proposes that the expression is derived from an ancient fad in Roman men of purchasing costly tables. When a wife was chided for an expensive purchase of her own, then, she would "turn the tables" by reminding him of his extravagance.


text:
Sanctuary Vegetation Monitoring
We monitor plants on Mass Audubon wildlife sanctuaries because they are a critical barometer of ecological changes and are often a target of our management activities.
Vegetation refers to the suite of plants that cover a particular site. The term encompasses all life forms of plants, from sphagnum bogs through old growth forests. Vegetation could be broad leaved or coniferous trees, shrubs, grasses, ferns, and mosses.
Natural ecological communities are usually labeled by their major plant species because plants are basic structuring elements upon which all other life depends. Thus red maple or Atlantic White Cedar swamp communities are defined by the dominance of those trees, and a northern hardwood forest community by particular species of hardwood trees.
Massachusetts is blessed with a variety of interesting natural plant communities.
- The higher elevations of the Berkshires support forests of spruce and fir, a plant community more typical of northern Maine and central Canada.
- Many of Mass Audubon's wildlife sanctuaries in the central and western part of the state are dominated by Sugar Maples, Yellow Birch, American Beech, and Canadian Hemlock.
- As you go further east, oaks and hickory dominate as they do through much of southern New England and the mid Atlantic states.
- There are large acreages of pine barrens in the southeast corner of the state.
- As with the forests, Massachusetts wetlands are similarly diverse and include sphagnum bogs, fens, red maple swamps cattail marshes, and salt marshes.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Q. What are the differences between the 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz frequencies?
A. As radio waves travel the radio signals gradually lose energy. The higher the frequency of transmission, the quicker the radio wave will lose energy down to a point where it cannot be detected by a receiver. Higher frequency waves also lose energy quicker when trying to penetrate walls, trees, or other obstructions. If both a 900 MHz radio and a 2.4 GHz radio had the same output power and receive sensitivity and were compared side by side, the 900 MHz radio would get almost twice the range of the 2.4 GHz radio.
If deploying systems in the United States or Canada, either 900 MHz or 2.4 GHz can be used without additional government agency approvals. The European union and most of the Asian countries do not allow 900 MHz systems, so normally 2.4 GHz systems are deployed in those countries. Whether your preference is 900 MHz or 2.4 GHz, Digi has a variety of solutions to meet the needs of your application.


BornAgain: Issues _URL_ _URL_ 2020-07-01T17:09:31Z Scientific Computing Group Redmine Refactoring #2471 (Backlog): Core: FF: Revise particle rotation axis (at bottom vs through center) _URL_ 2020-07-01T17:09:31Z wuttke _EMAIL_
In FFFullSphere, there is a special switch to move the rotation axis from bottom to center, for use in SAS. This looks quite ad hoc, and needs at least some documentation.

Also, why leave it to the user to ensure that a rotated particle sits on the reference plane? Why not automatize that?
 Feature #2415 (Backlog): Polarized: validate reflectivity against other software _URL_ 2019-11-20T09:36:31Z dmitry _EMAIL_
One needs to make sure that BornAgain produces the same result as other
codes capable of polarized reflectivity. One can take GenX or Refl1D for comparison.
Note that all the three codes differ in the input format for magnetic field and layer properties.

The numerical stability of the polarized implementation can be probed by comparing it to a scalar computation with a modified SLD, according to the applied magnetic field.
This applies to samples where the magnetic field is (anti)parallel to the polarization.
 Bug #2402 (Sprint): Core math: Crash on reflectometry "link instrument" for negative values of Q ... _URL_ 2019-09-05T13:41:58Z juan _EMAIL_
To reproduce:

1. Instrument: Add Specular Instrument
2. Data: Import 1d data with negative values (e.g. data file attached)
3. Data: Link Specular Instrument (Select "Yes, please modify the instrument" on the dialog that pops up)
4. Crash message:

 terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::runtime_error' what(): Error in UnitConverter1D: input axis range is out of bounds Aborted (core dumped)
 Feature #2320 (Backlog): GUI: project back compatibility: save project should save also the Pytho... _URL_ 2019-03-05T08:51:22Z ganeva _EMAIL_
This idea comes from communication to users. They are quite annoyed that they are not able to load their projects created by older BornAgain versions to the newer BornAgain. Since BornAgain can import sample parameters from the Python script, it could be an option for such users.

Scripts can already be saved manually, but users wish them to be saved automatically.
 Bug #2288 (Backlog): Core: inter-particle: Remove numerical instability at q=0 for 2d paracrystal _URL_ 2019-01-15T14:37:36Z herck _EMAIL_
Similar to what was done for the radial paracrystal.
 Bug #2255 (Sprint): Parameterization: incompatible fit parameters handled badly,cause program cra... _URL_ 2018-12-11T15:28:01Z Uliana_Koneva _EMAIL_
BornAgain-1.14.0
During study of fitting rest a model was take as REAL DATA:
Cone6 BaseEdge: 150
 Height: 272
 Alpha: 71

For a simulation was use:
Cone6 BaseEdge: 136
 Height: 300
 Alpha: 80

Fit Parameters:
 Name Value Min Max
 BaseEdge 136 100 200
 Height 300 200 350
 Alpha 80 60 90

Program crash occurs during fitting with a message:
"Current settings cause fitting failure.
Incompatible parameters in Cone6 (base_edge=117.521, height:347.956, alpha[rad]:1.16446)"

This set of parameters is really incompatible, but right parameters are in given bounds.

Is it possible not to stop the fit, but to memorize a combination of incompatible parameters, return to the previous iteration and continue fitting, excluding the incompatible combination?
 Feature #2254 (Backlog): Units: Proposal about uniform units of measurement _URL_ 2018-12-10T16:29:36Z Uliana_Koneva _EMAIL_
Proposal
When I enter invalid simulation parameters, the "Houston, we have a problem" window appears. The dimension of the angle is radians.
In the program degrees are used.
It would be convenient if in everywhere one dimension (degrees) was used.
 Bug #2037 (Backlog): Fit: Unrealistically high error estimate (while fitting specular signal) _URL_ 2018-04-16T10:41:32Z dmitry _EMAIL_
FitSpecularBasics.py returns correct result (the thickness of sample layers), but the error shown in the report is unrealistically high:

 Fitting completed. chi2: 1.2148678179247064e-12 thickness 3.000016495365972 4.992353272597191

The last value in the last line is the "error" of the parameter ("thickness") determination
 Bug #2025 (Backlog): Core: slicing: makes mesocrystal simulation very slow _URL_ 2018-04-03T14:48:37Z pospelov _EMAIL_
Simulation for MesoCrystal (5 rotations and basis made of FormFactorSphereLogNormalRadius with 10 sub-particles) gets stacked even before Simulation::runComputations.
One thread is busy for several minutes and most of the time is spend inside TruncatedEllipsoid shape calculations.

I have created dedicated functional test in CoreSpecial. To see the problem run

 ./bin/CoreSpecial MesoPerformance

in Qt-creator using "calgrind" debugger.
 The problem can be decomposed on three parts

We are cloning too much

For example, FormFactorSpherelogNormal radius is cloned 4000 times.

We are calculating same vertices again and again

Here Jan's approach with weak+shared pointers to the object with vertices + scaling looks attractive

It is not possible to disable slicing machinery.

Unfortunately, before the issue resolved, we can't proceed further with meso crystal simulations.
 Bug #1781 (Backlog): Installer: Linux: Fix thisbornagain.sh to correctly drop from path previous ... _URL_ pospelov _EMAIL_
thisbornagain.sh script is used to quickly setup PYTHONPATH and LD_LIBRARY_PATH to point on BornAgain installation directory.

Inside, it tries to remove previous installation, but does it wrongly, producing following paths

 PYTHONPATH=/opt/BornAgain/lib/BornAgain-1.7:/BornAgain-1.6

i.e. first part '/opt/BornAgain/lib/BornAgain-1.7' is as it should be, second part '/BornAgain-1.6' shouldn't be there.

This item is closely related to the installation directory structure. Do we want to keep what we have now?
 Feature #1677 (Backlog): Core: roughness: Independent roughness cross-correlation for disjoint se... _URL_ ganeva _EMAIL_
To support Henrich, it


text:
On the 15th July 2023, Adam from Queer Norfolk gave a talk at Cromer Museum about queer women who lived and loved on the North Noroflk coast. Using his research alongside research from Dr Jane Hattrick and Beau Brannick, he shed light onto 3 pairs of influential 'lesbians' (more on why that's in quote marks later) who made their mark on Norfolk and beyond.
The story begins not with queer women, but with a man called John Craske. John Craske was a fisherman born in 1881 who later became an artist due to a permanent disability caused by influenza. As part of his recovery, he created many pictures and embroideries with a nautical theme and even invented his own stitches to reflect the ferocity of North Sea waves. His work became popular with American collectors and sustained him and his wife until his death in 1943. The popularity of Craske's work is linked to a queer story involving lesbian networks of passion and friendship that extended from the avant-garde American art market to rural areas of the North Norfolk coast via the nation's capital. While Craske did not lead a queer life, the story of his work's popularity is queer in nature.
Dorothy Warren, an American art dealer, discovered the work of Craske through Valentine Ackland. Valentine Ackland, who was born as Mary Kathleen Macrory Ackland and raised in Norfolk. She was her father's favourite until her sister revealed her romantic relationship with another female student. Ackland refused to admit any wrongdoing, causing further anger from her father. In 1925, Valentine married a homosexual man, Richard Turpin. She cut her hair into the short 'Eaton Crop' style on the day of her wedding – a fashionable lesbian hairstyle. Her marriage was eventually annulled, and soon Valentine began wearing trousers (considered unusual at the time) as a symbol of her newfound freedom. It was during this time that Valentine first visited John Craske and purchased one of his paintings.
Valentine had had an affair with the art dealer Dorothy Warren, a bisexual woman known for being a sadist with a violent temper and her love of drugs and bondage. Dorothy recognized the talent of artist Craske after seeing a painting purchased by Valentine and gave her £25 to buy more of his work. Valentine visited Craske and purchased several works, which impressed Dorothy and led to an exhibition of his work in her London gallery in August 1929.
It was around this time that Valentine met Sylvia Townsend Warner. The pair fell in love quickly and spent most of their time between Dorset and London. Ackland took Warner on holiday to Winterton, Norfolk, where Valentine had a holiday home and considered to be her true home. They stayed at Hill House, which is still in existence today and now part of Hermanus Holidays leisure park. Sylvia was surprised by how accepting people were of Valentine's idiosyncrasies. They enjoyed walking on the beach, and would write their initials together in the sand.
Resentful of Velentine's newfound love for Sylvia, Dorothy Warren planned a second exhibition of John Craske's works to win her back. Valentine took Sylvia with her to purchase pictures and embroideries for the exhibition, allowing her too to meet Craske. On her return to London with the artworks, Dorothy violently and almost fatally attacked Valentine while Sylvia was out for lunch with friends. The exhibition did not go well, but Sylvia sent friends to purchase Craske's works to help his family survive.
Valentine and Sylvia lived briefly in Norfolk before moving to Devon. During World War II, they moved back to Winterton, and after the war, they lived in Salhouse, where Sylvia wrote her final novel, The Flint Anchor. Valentine and Sylvia's relationship, in spite of Valentine's many infidelities and heavy drinking, spanned 39 years, until Ackland's death from breast cancer in 1969. Sylvia died in 1978.
Sylvia and Valentine were lesbians, and Valentine referred to herself as such. But you will have noticed that this talk, in spite of focusing on women, is not called 'Coastal Lesbian Heritage'. It becomes harder to aply these ideas to women the further back in time we go. It is only in Valentine's later life that the term lesbian becomes common and means what we today think of when we hear the word. Ideas around sexuality are solidifying themselves at this time, but as we progress further up the coast and further back in time, the word lesbian disappears and ideas around sexuality become less familiar.
Sylvia and Valentine embody the feminist ideal of the "new woman" who challenged traditional gender roles and expectations in the late 19th and early 20th century. The "new woman" was highly educated, financially independent, politically active, and challenged societal norms through clothing, sports, and advocating for women's suffrage and other feminist causes. The development of the "new woman" was accompanied, perhaps unsurprisingly, by the emergence of queer female and lesbian identity. Women's increasing financial independence allowed them to pursue for the first time alternative lifestyles and relationships without the need for a male guardian's approval (at least in the global North).
Born alongside the concept of the 'new woman', Marietta Palliswas raised in a wealthy Greek family and aspired to be a new woman. She purchased a bicycle, a symbol of liberation, which she kept hidden from her parents. However, her father found the bicycle and destroyed it. In spite of their rather intense relationship, Merietta's father (the passionate Greek poet Alexandros Pallis) studied botany at Liverpool University and ecology at Newnham College, where she challenged conventions around gender and sexuality and met her life-long companion Phillis Clarke. Women's colleges around the turn of the 20th century fostered a culture of romantic pursuit, with older students mentoring younger ones and declaring their love for each other through flowers, cards, and poems.
It was her study of ecology that first brought her to Norfolk. Marietta Pallis inherited a substantial sum after her father passed away in 1935. She used the money to purchase a small farmhouse with 76 acres of peat grazing marsh at Long Gores, which she had previously rented when conducting research before WW1. She used the site for research, study, and as a base for her travels in Europe and the Middle East. Marietta and Phillis also travelled around the Mediterranean together during this time.
Marietta was a gifted botanist and ecologist who published scholarly articles in highly respected scientific journals. A species of hairy-leafed ash tree and a Dog Violet species were named after her – the latter, of course, being a common symbol among queer women at the time. Her most significant contribution to local ecology, however, was her support of Joyce Lamber's hypothesis that the Norfolk Broads were man-made, not a natural feature of the landscape. Pallis put this theory to the test and published a paper on the impermeability of peat in 1956. In practice, this meant digging an enormous 3-acre swimming pool on her land. She corresponded with Joyce Lamber throughout the 1950s, and Joyce even visited her at Long Gores. Joyce was collected from the train station by Phillis.
The pool was dug for scientific purposes but was used by a passionate swimmer, Pallis, who bathed nude in it every day. The pool was a devotional piece of art, dug in the shape of a double-headed eagle, and inspired by Pallis's publication of Tableaux in Greek History. It was designed to represent an imperial crown, the two-barred cross of the patriarch of Constantinople, and the three-barred papal cross, with two islands shaped into a double-headed Byzantine eagle. This unique pool was dug by hand and remains the only example of its kind created since the medieval period. Joyce was less convinced, commenting that, "'I think she was a serious scientist but with rather a shall we say airy fairy side to it".
Pallis' family contests that they had a 'relationship' in a queer sense, but both Pallis and Clarke are buried in the centre of the pool, which was eventually transformed into a memorial space after Phillis died in Cyprus in 1955 and was interred at the centre of the double-headed eagle pool. Pallis was later buried alongside her in 1963.
Was Pallis a lesbian, then? She (as far as we were aware) never specifically identified as one, though clearly she was in a relationship with Phillis Clarke. It is easy to apply the term 'lesbian' to the couple, but is it right to do so?
Our next story follows a local woman who lived her life with her female partner just down the road in Overstrand. This woman, unlike the women we have seen so far, was born and bred here in Norfolk.
Anna Gurney, born in 1795, was part of the wealthy Gurney family, who had a major part in the development of Norwich. Anna was paralyzed from the legs down due to Polio, but her wealth gave her access to resources that allowed her to lead a far more privileged life than many disabled people at the time. Anna devoted her life to self-improvement and philanthropy. She opened a school in Overstrand and helped to found the Ladies Anti-Slavery Society with Amelia Opie. Anna was a geologist and published papers in Archaeologia, and was also the first female member of the British Archaeological Association.
Anna never married (a possibility open to her due to her wealth) and had a very close relationship with Sarah-Maria Buxton, her cousin by marriage (Sarah's brother married Anna's cousin). Anna and Sarah lived together for the majority of


text:
Indexed on: 28 Feb '18Published on: 28 Feb '18Published in: Nano Letters
Hybrid systems composed of multiple quantum emitters coupled with plasmonic waveguides are promising building blocks for future integrated quantum nanophotonic circuits. The techniques that can super-resolve and selectively excite contiguous quantum emitters in a diffraction-limited area are of great importance for studying the plasmon-mediated interaction between quantum emitters and manipulating the single plasmon generation and propagation in plasmonic circuits. Here we show that multiple quantum dots coupled with a silver nanowire can be controllably excited by tuning the interference field of surface plasmons on the nanowire. Because of the period of the interference pattern is much smaller than the diffraction limit, we demonstrate the selective excitation of two quantum dots separated by a distance as short as 100 nm. We also numerically demonstrate a new kind of super-resolution imaging method that combines the tunable surface plasmon interference pattern on the NW with the structured illumination microscopy technique. Our work provides a novel high-resolution optical excitation and imaging method for the coupled systems of multiple quantum emitters and plasmonic waveguides, which adds a new tool for studying and manipulating single quantum emitters and single plasmons for quantum plasmonic circuitry applications.


Part 2: Burmese personal names – Miscellany
This is the 2nd in a 4 part installment on Burmese personal names — [1] Introduction | [2] Miscellany | [3] Male Names | [4] Female Names.
Burmese personal names: Miscellany
I recently got a hold of a small but useful trove of data, a 2014 exam roster of nearly 600 Burmese university students (in their early 20s). Using Excel, I began parsing the data, segmenting the names by word (not syllable) and categorizing by gender, to discern patterns in naming preferences. Given that there's not much out there regarding Burmese names (statistically-speaking), I thought I'd take a stab at this and present some simple findings.
I've been able to shed some light on the top name choices and discern some naming patterns. However, I have to admit, given that almost every single name on that roster was one-of -a-kind, it's difficult to really assess the complete picture and see conclusive patterns.
In light of the ongoing nationwide census, the first in Burma since 1983, it's gotten me thinking. How useful would it be for the government to release the raw data to the public to manipulate? Of course, the accuracy of this census is debatable, as are many of the questions being asked..
Details on the data
Sample: 584 given names, 344 female, 240 male.
Source: extracted from a Rangoon-based university roster (April 2014)
Segmentation: not by syllable but by word.
Determination of gender: Already provided in the roster as an honorific: Maung (male) or Ma (female)
Other notes: I did not control for name's origins or etymology (whether Shan, Chinese, English, etc.). The overwhelming majority of names were Burmese origin names.
For etymology and meanings, I confirmed with Southeast Asian Languages Library's English-Burmese dictionary [link], Buddhistdoor International's Buddhist dictionary [link] the Pali dictionary [link], and a copy of my dad's paperback Tet Toe dictionary. For words whose meaning/origin I'm unfamiliar with, I've left a question mark.
Overarching patterns
Diversity of words. All in all, there was a dizzying number of words encountered through this exercise. And surprisingly, for both female and males, very few names were shared. There were a few instances in which 2 or at most, 3, students had the same exact name. This, even though these students did not possess surnames. It almost goes to show the ingenuity of Burmese families in designing unique names for their children, which may be a motivating factor in each succeeding generation's ever more complex names.
What would be interesting is to have the students' date of birth and see whether there's a relationship between the student's date of birth and the actual given name, whether that the traditional Burmese naming system informed the naming process for the students, and if so, how common this was. Unfortunately I didn't have that kind of data.
Number of Unique Words:
Females had a presumably larger pool of words to choose from than males.. For males, I encountered 129 unique words (variants of the same word were counted separately) used as part of a name. For females, this number jumped to 202 words. Across the board, there was greater variation in the second word of a given name, for both males and females, implying that there's greater latitude in the second word of a given name.
I also observed a naming pattern: the third word in a given name had markedly less variation than the first two. In fact, there was considerable overlap for both males and females in the 3rd word of their name–4 of the top 10 words were shared by both genders: Kyaw, Naing, Htun, and Aung.
Top 25 Words Used in Burmese Names:
Of the most common words used in the set of Burmese names, there was little overlap between frequently used female and male names. Only 9 of top 25 words were used for both males and females: Zin, Win, U, Myat, Htun, Phyo, Kyaw, Htet, and Aung. Makes sense, considering they are relatively unisex words.
Number of Syllables in a Burmese Name:
Across the board, the majority of males and females had 3 syllable names. However, a significant number of females possessed 4 syllable names.
The average number of syllables for both males and females was 3. Moreover, in line with the Burmese language's monosyllabic tendencies, the average syllable length of both boys' and girls' name was 1.
I don't deny that there's inherent sampling bias. For one, the data does not account for regional variations in naming trends, as the majority of these students would have originated from somewhere in Lower Burma (most likely the Rangoon region). Also this does not account for variation in socioeconomic class (predominantly urbanites with relatively well-off families). But I think it does provide a fairly sweeping overview of Burmese naming trends for the late 1980s-early 1990s generation. Moreover, I realize that the sample size may be insufficient.
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12 thoughts on "Part 2: Burmese personal names – Miscellany
 1. Very interesting. I would imagine the popular custom of alliteration in girl's names is still current such as Cho Cho or Than Than. Much less common with boys except Maung Maung and Ko Ko.
 In my generation of postwar baby boomers Khin Maung so and so or Maung Maung so and so is a very common boy's name which practice makes it a three syllable name unlike the vast majority of boy's names in that era.
 Like Dolores I suppose Khin no longer makes the top 9 but used to be very common in those days among both genders. On the other hand Htet must be the newcomer of the 9 since I had never heard of anyone with that name until my dad named my second son born in 1973. A few years later a film director of the exact same two syllable name appeared on the scene.
 Did you come across a good number of Pali names I wonder? Not so common in my generation they tend to be disyllabic, spelled separately in English sometimes and always in Burmese. Like Thida, Malar, Thawda, Sanda, Thanda, Thuza, (Eindra nowadays as in the film star Htun Eindra Bo) with girls and Zeya, Nanda, Thiha, Thura, Teza (Tay Za you will be more familiar with) for boys. Thawda is unisex and so is Nanda but its second syllable is spelled and pronounced differently for different genders (short creaky for male and long soft for female).
 Even some actual Burmese names like Nilar, Wut Hmon, Kyay Mon (as in the paper Kyemon or Mirror) are not really amenable to splitting.
 As you know truncation or splitting of Burmese names doesn't work unlike Western names. Min Ko Naing cannot be Min Naing or just Naing in print or broadcast media since no Burmese would recognise the name. The same with his real name Paw Oo Htun. At least Suu Kyi is current and recognisable though it sounds impolite to us, but if you take only her first and last names as in a Western name, she'd have the same name as the liaison minister for dialogue with her Aung Kyi!
 - Interesting you bring up Khin (ခင်), because it was relatively uncommon (at least for males), even though it seems like every other person used to have that as a word in their names. Another one that was conspicuously missing was Hla (လှ), for both males and females. I did come across a good variety of Pali names for both males and females, which I've identified in Parts 3 and 4.
 - Khin derived from thakhin (lord/lady), like Myat (noble) and Tin (hoist/super) probably took off in colonial times partly from nostalgia and partly by lending commoners the mantle of our fallen monarchy and aristocracy as in the famous triangle the last king Thibaw Min, Daing Khin Khin and Yanaung Maung Maung Toke.
 Interestingly Myat remains popular but the others like Hla (pretty/handsome) are presumably regarded as too dated. Likewise Pe (father) and Ba (father/uncle), Po (grandfather or young master), Mi and Mè (mother), Pwa (grandmother), Ma (sister) common in the first half of the last century no longer seem to occur. Even Ko (older brother), Maung and Nyi (younger brother) may be dying out, no longer cool and trendy.
 2. Nay Chi (sun ray) and Zar Chi (lacy) are also popular unsplittable girl's names among today's generation as are older flower names like Thazin, Sabè, Hninsi, Thawka, Khwar Nyo and Myat Lay aside Anglo names such as Cherry, Lily and Baby (Sonny used to be popular for boys too) all spelled in separate words.


text:
Aspirin Can Prevent Hearing Loss From Ototoxic Medication
Editor: Researchers at the University of Michigan have discovered that
aspirin can prevent hearing loss that would otherwise occur in users of a
common family of antibiotics. The obvious question is whether aspirin can
prevent hearing loss from other medications. How about from noise exposure?
Around the world, inexpensive antibiotics known as aminoglycosides have
been used for the past 60 years in the battles against acute infections and
tuberculosis, as antibacterial prophylaxis in cystic fibrosis and other
patients, and in and other conditions. But for all of the good they do, the
drugs also have been widely linked to irreversible hearing loss.
Now, researchers at the University of Michigan's Kresge Hearing Research
Institute and their Chinese colleagues, working under the leadership of
Jochen Schacht, Ph.D., and Su-Hua Sha, M.D., have found that the hearing
loss can be prevented in many people with the use of another inexpensive,
widely available medication: aspirin. The results appear in the April 27
issue of The New England Journal of Medicine.
The researchers studied 195 patients in China who received 80 to 160
milligrams of gentamicin (a type of aminoglycoside) intravenously twice
daily, typically for five to seven days. Of those, 89 patients were given
aspirin along with the antibiotic, and 106 were given placebos along with
the antibiotic. The results were dramatic: The incidence of hearing loss in
the group that was given placebos was 13 percent, while in the aspirin group
it was just 3 percent, or 75 percent lower.
"We would like to see the word get around to the medical community around
the world that you can take some precautions to minimize the risk to your
patients. Aspirin is available everywhere, and it's cheap," says senior
author Schacht, professor of biological chemistry in otolaryngology at the
University of Michigan Medical School and director of the U-M Health
System's Kresge Hearing Research Institute. Gentamicin is not commonly used
in the United States.
He notes that this research builds on earlier U-M studies that showed
promise in combating drug-induced hearing loss in the laboratory.
"Previously we found that such a treatment works well in mice, but I am very
excited that this worked so well in humans," says Schacht. "Translating
animal studies into clinical practice is not an easy thing to do. We were
fortunate that our extrapolation from mice to men and women worked in the
The research is exciting, says lead author Sha, because hearing loss
caused by these antibiotics is so prevalent. The incidence of aminoglycoside-induced
hearing loss averages 8 percent but the numbers may be higher in developing
countries, she notes, where aminoglycosides are frequently the only
affordable antibiotics and are sold over the counter. No therapy currently
exists to prevent ototoxicity.
This research began in 1999 with a collaboration with Chinese hospitals.
Working with Schacht, Sha - associate laboratory director of U-M's Kresge
Hearing Research Institute's Biochemistry Laboratory - got in touch with her
colleagues in China. The two traveled to China and presented their ideas,
and ultimately began a partnership with the Fourth Military Medical
University in Xi'an, China. The third author on the paper, Jian-Hua Qiu,
M.D., represents the colleagues of the Fourth Military Medical University.
After receiving approvals from institutional review boards at U-M and the
Fourth Military Medical University, the otolaryngology department in Xi'an
conducted the prospective, randomized, double-blind trial at Xijing Hospital
and Airforce Chengdu Hospital from 1999 to 2003. All of the participants
were ages 18 to 65, and were inpatients who were scheduled for treatment
with gentamicin. Hearing damage, or ototoxicity, was defined as a shift from
a person's baseline hearing by at least 15 decibels at both the 6 and 8 kHz
frequencies, which are the first affected by the drugs. The effectiveness of
the gentamicin as an antibiotic did not lessen when it was paired with
Schacht notes that even though gentamicin has been linked widely with
hearing loss, and its use has been declining in industrial countries, it is
not practical to think that it will be replaced in the near future by other
antibiotics because it has specific applications and is so inexpensive and
available, especially in poor countries. While aspirin shows promise, and he
hopes that health care providers pair it with gentamicin, he also notes it
is not yet the perfect solution because of the potential side effects of
aspirin, including gastric bleeding. And he notes that this is an off-label
use of aspirin, which may inhibit some practitioners from giving it to
patients in such instances.
He hopes that further studies will lead to the development of new and
safer antibiotics, or another drug that can be paired with gentamicin that
has fewer side effects than aspirin. He and Sha are exploring partnerships
with other countries to conduct future research.


text:
The DataWORKS Reading Diagnostic Assessment (RDA) is designed to assess the current reading level of a student based on the five components of literacy:
The Reading Diagnostic Assessment is designed to pinpoint at what grade level students are reading based on their mastery of the content within each literacy component. A student entering a grade should ideally display reading skills typical of the low end of that grade. For example, a student entering first grade should know all of the letter names and sounds of those letters; whereas a student entering fifth grade should be able to read a fifth-grade passage fluently.
But, the reality is that many students are not reading at grade level, so the Reading Diagnostic Assessment allows teachers to pinpoint the areas where further instruction or remediation is required for each student.
See some samples of our Reading Diagnostic Assessments.
The Reading Diagnostic Assessment is available as an online assessment, or it can be downloaded and printed for hand-scoring.
Sample Online Assessment
Sample Printed Assessment
The assessment should be administered multiple times throughout the year. At the beginning of each school year, the assessment should be given to establish a baseline score for each student and to help teachers plan instruction or organize reading groups.
The assessment should then be repeated in the fall and spring to determine how much students have learned and what needs to be reviewed.
Finally, the assessment can be given a final time at the end of the school year to mark the highest level of literacy for that school year. The results from this end-of-year assessment can also be used in place of a baseline test at the beginning of the next school year, if needed.


dashboard archive on the artifacts.elastic.co
# website.
#setup.dashboards.url:
#============================== Kibana =====================================
# Starting with Beats version 6.0.0, the dashboards are loaded via the Kibana API.
# This requires a Kibana endpoint configuration.
setup.kibana:
 # Kibana Host
 # Scheme and port can be left out and will be set to the default (http and 5601)
 # In case you specify and additional path, the scheme is required: http://localhost:5601/path
 # IPv6 addresses should always be defined as: https://[2001:db8::1]:5601
 #host: "localhost:5601"
 # Kibana Space ID
 # ID of the Kibana Space into which the dashboards should be loaded. By default,
 # the Default Space will be used.
 #space.id:
#============================= Elastic Cloud ==================================
# These settings simplify using Filebeat with the Elastic Cloud (_URL_
# The cloud.id setting overwrites the 'output.elasticsearch.hosts' and
# 'setup.kibana.host' options.
# You can find the 'cloud.id' in the Elastic Cloud web UI.
#cloud.id:
# The cloud.auth setting overwrites the 'output.elasticsearch.username' and
# 'output.elasticsearch.password' settings. The format is '<user>:<pass>'.
#cloud.auth:
#================================ Outputs =====================================
# Configure what output to use when sending the data collected by the beat.
#-------------------------- Elasticsearch output ------------------------------
#output.elasticsearch:
 # Array of hosts to connect to.
 #hosts: ["localhost:9200"]
 # Optional protocol and basic auth credentials.
 #protocol: "https"
 #username: "elastic"
 #password: "changeme"
#----------------------------- Logstash output --------------------------------
output.logstash:
 # The Logstash hosts
 hosts: ["localhost:5000"]
 # Optional SSL. By default is off.
 # List of root certificates for HTTPS server verifications
 #ssl.certificate_authorities: ["/etc/pki/root/ca.pem"]
 # Certificate for SSL client authentication
 #ssl.certificate: "/etc/pki/client/cert.pem"
 # Client Certificate Key
 #ssl.key: "/etc/pki/client/cert.key"
#================================ Processors =====================================
# Configure processors to enhance or manipulate events generated by the beat.
processors:
 - add_host_metadata: ~
 - add_cloud_metadata: ~
#================================ Logging =====================================
# Sets log level. The default log level is info.
# Available log levels are: error, warning, info, debug
#logging.level: debug
# At debug level, you can selectively enable logging only for some components.
# To enable all selectors use ["*"]. Examples of other selectors are "beat",
# "publish", "service".
#logging.selectors: ["*"]
#============================== Xpack Monitoring ===============================
# filebeat can export internal metrics to a central Elasticsearch monitoring
# cluster. This requires xpack monitoring to be enabled in Elasticsearch. The
# reporting is disabled by default.
# Set to true to enable the monitoring reporter.
#monitoring.enabled: false
# Uncomment to send the metrics to Elasticsearch. Most settings from the
# Elasticsearch output are accepted here as well.
# Note that the settings should point to your Elasticsearch *monitoring* cluster.
# Any setting that is not set is automatically inherited from the Elasticsearch
# output configuration, so if you have the Elasticsearch output configured such
# that it is pointing to your Elasticsearch monitoring cluster, you can simply
# uncomment the following line.
#monitoring.elasticsearch:
#================================= Migration ==================================
# This allows to enable 6.7 migration aliases
#migration.6_to_7.enabled: true
Then go to the Logstash configurations and place this code into logstash.conf
# logstash configuration
input {
 beats {
 port => 5000
 type => beat
 }
}
filter {
 dissect {
 mapping => {
 "message" => "%{apptime}::%{messagetype}::%{correlationId}::%{user_account}::%{country_code}::%{hotel_code}::%{message}"
 }
 }
# grok {
# patterns_dir => ["/etc/logstash/pattern"]
# match => { "message" => "%{TOMCAT_DATESTAMP:timestamp} %{LOGLEVEL:level}" }
# add_tag => [ "level_%{level}" ]
# }
# date {
# match => [ "timestamp", "YYYY-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS" ]
# }
if ("hotel_availability_request" in [messagetype] ) {
 mutate {
 add_field => { "index_key" => "hotel-availability-request" }
 }
dissect {
 mapping => {
 "message" => "%{message}::%{nodeid}"
 }
}
}
}
output {
 stdout {
 codec => rubydebug
 }
 elasticsearch {
 #index => "logs-%{[index_key]}-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
 index => "%{[index_key]}-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
 hosts => ["localhost:9200"]
 }
}
After that go to the Elastic Search configurations and past this code to elasticsearch.yml
# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================
#
# NOTE: Elasticsearch comes with reasonable defaults for most settings.
# Before you set out to tweak and tune the configuration, make sure you
# understand what are you trying to accomplish and the consequences.
#
# The primary way of configuring a node is via this file. This template lists
# the most important settings you may want to configure for a production cluster.
#
# Please consult the documentation for further information on configuration options:
# _URL_
#
# ----------------------


text:
No one will die of food shortage, assures agriculture ministry
Kathmandu, October 2
The Ministry of Agriculture Development has said that it has enough food stocks and that nobody would die of food shortage in the country.
At a meeting called by the Agriculture and Water Resources Committee of the Legislature-Parliament here today to take stock of the current status of the food security in the country, the MoAD gave such assurance.
According to Chairperson of the Committee Gagan Thapa, the meeting was called to take stock of the food security in the country following the blockade at border checkpoints from September 23.
Speaking at the meeting, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Agriculture Bamdev Gautam said that though Nepal suffers food crisis occasionally due to the natural disaster like flood, drought and hailstorm that affect agriculture production, there is some 155,000 metric tonnes of food stock in the country.
Maize harvest usually takes place by September while millet harvest by October and rice by November.
Over 2,500,000 metric tonnes of rice is estimated to be produced in the country while 3,400,000 metric tonnes is consumed.
It shows that the country would face a shortage of around 800,000 metric tonnes of rice.
The DoAD has asserted that if Nepalis are to change their food habit and lessen their dependency on rice by adopting wheat products for one time meal, no one would die of food crisis.


text:
Alberto Pinto named chief editor of the Journal of Dynamics and Games
Alberto Pinto from LIAAD/INESC TEC has been named chief editor of the Journal of Dynamics and Games (JDG) by the American Institute of Mathematical Sciences.
The researcher will run the journal in partnership with Michael Benain. The journal is dedicated to applied mathematics and publishes high quality articles on Dynamic System interfaces and Game Theory.
The journal addresses the development and diffusion of ideas and mathematical techniques that result from the analysis and modelling of systems where the agents interact in a dynamic way over time. The JDG covers topics, such as dynamic stochastic games and learning and evolution models.


text:
Find out about the City of Stirling's commitment to zero waste by 2020.
As part of its environmental charter, the City of Stirling is working towards the State Government's vision of Zero Waste by 2020.
That means that the primary focus of all of the City's 'waste' initiatives is to reduce the amount of waste, that is collected by or delivered to the City, sent to landfill through re use and recycling.
The City's program also has a strong focus on recovering and safely disposing of hazardous household waste.
The type of services the City utilises to meet these goals are designed to also be simple and convenient to use for all the City's residents, regardless of their circumstances.
To improve the quality of our environment, responsibility has to be shared between the City (and its contractors) and our residents.
Whereas the City commits itself to provide all the necessary service outlets in order to re use, recycle or safely dispose of waste, it is each resident's responsibility to reduce the amount of waste they produce in the first instance and to utilise the services provided by the City in accordance with the best practice rules that govern the use of these services.
All of these services are regulated by the Waste Management Local Law 2010. The purpose of this law is to regulate the storage, collection and disposal of waste and refuse in the city.


text:
Silicon-calcium-manganese deoxidizer is a new composite deoxidizer with a better deoxidation effect in steelmaking production. The existing silicon-calcium-manganese deoxidizer is smelted by an induction furnace. Because the raw material used is metal manganese or an alloy (silicon-calcium alloy) first smelted from ore, and then secondary smelted. Therefore the production process is loaded down with trivial details, the energy consumption is big, and the cost is high, affecting the price of the product. In particular, manganese, the main raw material, is expensive. Once the market is in short supply, it will directly affect the production of silicon-calcium-manganese deoxidizers.
A new type of silicon-calcium-manganese deoxidizer is a kind of ore with silicon, calcium, and manganese as raw materials. By selecting a suitable formula, it can be directly smelted into silicon-calcium-manganese deoxidizer to replace metal and other raw materials. Manganese and silicon calcium in existing production methods. Simplify the production process, thereby saving energy and reducing costs.
Silicon-calcium-manganese deoxidizer is mainly made of ore and iron filings rich in silicon, calcium, and manganese. It is smelted in a submerged arc furnace once to form a silicon-calcium-manganese deoxidizer. The process steps are: mechanically crush silica and other raw materials, remove impurities, wash the soil with water, mix evenly with coke powder, coal, and steel scraps, and send them to a submerged arc furnace for smelting. Ingredient content (weight) Silicon (Si). 20-55%, calcium (Al) 20-30%, manganese (Ba) 6-8% silicon calcium manganese deoxidizer.
The silicon-calcium-manganese deoxidizer has achieved a good deoxidation effect through the steelmaking deoxidation test. Since ores containing silicon, calcium, and manganese are directly used as raw materials, they can be smelted into products in a submerged arc furnace at one time, without smelting ores into products. Secondary smelting of metals and alloys has the defects of wasting labor and energy and low production efficiency. Therefore, compared with the existing production method, it not only reduces the smelting process but also has the advantages of a simple method and low energy consumption (production practice proves that the production of silicon-calcium-manganese deoxidizer per ton can save 1000 kWh of electricity), saving labor and low-cost professional.


text:
Construction paper (sugar paper) is a tough, coarse, coloured paper. The texture is slightly rough, and the surface is unfinished. Due to the source material, mainly wood pulp, small particles are visible on the paper's surface. It is used for projects or crafts.
The origin of the term "sugar paper" lies in its use for making bags to contain sugar. It is related to the "blue paper" used by confectionery bakers from the 17th century England onwards; for example, in the baking of Regency ratafia cakes (or macaroons).
The term "construction paper" was associated with the material in the early 20th century, although the general process for creating the paper began in the late 19th century when industrialized paper production and synthetic dye technology were combined. Around that time, construction paper was primarily advertised for classroom settings as an effective canvas for supporting multiple drawing mediums. The process for creating the paper involved a machine oriented process that exposed the paper to dyes while it was still pulp, resulting in a thorough distribution and brilliance of colour. The primary dyes involved in producing construction paper were abundant until Germany, the main producer of aniline for dyes at the time, became involved in World War I and ceased its exports. The shortage marked a period in which construction paper was created using substitute colouring methods.
One of the defining features of construction paper is the radiance of its colours. Before the methodology behind construction paper's colouring was introduced, most paper was coloured by pigments and vegetable oil, which had weaker staining capabilities. Synthetic dyes were later developed, which provided a wider range of colours, stronger dyeing strength, and had lower costs. However, the colours given by synthetic dyes tend to fade over short periods of time, an effect often seen in construction paper, noted by greying colours and brittleness.
- "Dictionary of Traded Goods and Commodities, _PHONE_". British History online. 2007. Retrieved 2007-11-24.
- Driver, Dustin (1999-03-26). "South Park Studios: No Walk in the Park". Apple.com. Retrieved 2011-11-18.
- _URL_ Construction Paper: A Brief History of Impermanence
|This material-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


text:
Meditating with White Crystals: A Step-by-Step Guide ✨
Meditating with White Crystals: A Step-by-Step Guide
Unlock the power of white crystals in your meditation practice with our step-by-step guide. These ethereal stones, known for their purifying and illuminating properties, can enhance your mindfulness journey, promoting clarity, healing, and protection. Whether you're a seasoned crystal user or a beginner, understanding how to effectively use these gems can transform your meditation experience.
Choosing the right white crystal is the first crucial step. Each stone, be it quartz, selenite, white calcite, or howlite, holds unique properties that resonate with different intentions. For instance, quartz is renowned for amplifying energy and thought, while selenite is often used for spiritual activation and communication with the higher self. Aligning your crystal choice with your intention can help optimize your meditation session.
Once you've chosen your crystal, it's essential to cleanse it before use. This process purifies the crystal, removing any negative energy it may have absorbed, and prepares it to receive your intention. There are various cleansing methods, from smoke and water to moonlight, so you can choose the one that best suits your preferences and circumstances.
Setting your intention is the next step. This could be a specific goal you're working towards, a healing process you're undergoing, or a desire for protection. Holding your crystal in your hand, focus on your intention, allowing it to permeate the stone. This process of intention-setting is a vital part of crystal manifestation.
Now, you're ready to begin your meditation. Hold the crystal, place it on your body, or set it in front of you. As you meditate, visualize the crystal's energy aligning with your intention, creating a powerful synergy that enhances your mindfulness practice.
After your meditation, it's important to close the session properly. Thank the crystal for its energy and gently bring your focus back to your surroundings. Remember to cleanse your crystal after each use to maintain its purity and effectiveness. For more detailed information on crystal care, check out our article on proper crystal care and maintenance.
White crystals offer a unique way to deepen your meditation practice, promoting clarity, healing, and protection. By understanding how to choose, cleanse, and use these stones effectively, you can unlock their full potential and enhance your mindfulness journey.


text:
Some Frost/Freeze Knowledge
By Stephen Gode on September 25, 2012, 11:29am
Use your ← → (arrow) keys to browse more stories.
In the map above, the 10% probability of 32°F or less on an earlier date for most of interior Connecticut is highlighted for September 15th to October 1st. The extreme northeast and northwest portions of Connecticut is highlighted for September 1st to September 15th. The shore is highlighted for October 1st to October 15th except for the majority of southern Fairfield County (October 15th to November 1st).
General NWS terms:
Indicates the potential for significant weather events up to 7 days in advance with a forecaster confidence around 30%.
Indicates that conditions are favorable for the particular weather event in and near the Watch area, and which may pose a risk to life and property. Watches are issued up to 48 hours in advance with forecaster confidence around 50%.
Indicates that a particular weather event is imminent or occurring. Advisories are issued if the weather event will lead to nuisance conditions, while Warnings are issued for significant weather events which will pose a risk to life and property. Warnings and Advisories are issued up to 48 hours in advance with forecaster confidence of at least 80%.
Note: Watches and Warnings issued for Severe Thunderstorms, Tornadoes, and Flash Flooding have much shorter lead times, on the order of hours for Watches or even minutes for Warnings.
From the NWS frost and freeze terms are:
Freeze - A condition occurring over a large area when the surface air temperature remains below 32 degrees Fahrenheit for an extended period of time possibly leading to the damage of certain crops.
Freeze Warning - Issued during the growing season when surface temperatures are expected to drop below freezing over a large area for an extended period of time, regardless if frost develops or not. They are usually issued to highlight the first few freezes of the fall, or unusually late freezes in the spring.
A "hard freeze" is used to imply temperatures that are sufficiently cold, for a long enough period, to seriously damage or kill seasonal vegetation. For example, the Mobile AL forecast office lists criteria for its hard freeze warning as temperatures 26 degrees or lower for at least 5 hours. The purpose of this warning to alert people to the potential for frozen pipes, radiators, livestock and so on, not just damage to sensitive plants.
Frost - A covering of ice on exposed surfaces when the air temperature falls below the frost point.
Frost point - temperature, below 0° C (32° F), at which moisture in the air will condense as a layer of frost on any exposed surface. The frost point is analogous to the dew point, the temperature at which the water condenses in liquid form; both the frost point and the dew point depend upon the relative humidity of the air.
Frost Advisory - Issued during the growing season when widespread frost formation is expected over an extensive area. Surface temperatures are usually 33°F to 36°F Fahrenheit.


Canon A300: What resolution when zoom in 5x? Calculation?
Discussion in 'Digital Photography' started by lbbss, Jun 10, 2004.
 1. lbbss
 lbbss Guest
 Can someone explain this to me? when you zoom in at 5.1x with a 3.1 mega
 pixel camera, what resolution do you get?
 I am thinking of buying canon A300, and wanted to know what resolution I
 would get when using the digital zoom. Calculation 3.1 divided by 5.1
 = 0.63 mega pixels? Is that correct calculation?
 lbbss, Jun 10, 2004
 1. Advertisements
 2. lbbss
 John Briggs Guest
 I don't think so. The 5.1x is in both width and height so the area
 magnification is 5.1 x 5.1 = 26.01. So you would get 3.1/26.01 = 0.119MP.
 Note also that the camera would still save the image at the current setting
 for resolution by interpolating pixels. So at highest resolution you would
 still get a 3.1MP image - it just wouldn't look very good!
 Some Sony cameras have a so-called "smart zoom" which you can only use at
 lower resolution settings. This effectively just crops the centre portion of
 a full resolution image and shouldn't need to interpolate pixels.
 I don't know if the A300 has an optical zoom but you'd be much better off
 with optical rather than digital zoom.
 John Briggs, Jun 10, 2004
 1. Advertisements
 3. No.
 With most cameras, you first have to separate the optical and digital
 zoom factors. Optical zoom gives real resolution increase, digital zoom
 does not. I think the A300 does not have any optical zoom, so this
 isn't a factor.
 Now, a digital zoom factor of 5 means an enlargement of 5 times in both
 width and height, so an area that was originally 1/25 of the image is
 enlarged to fill the whole image area. In this case, with 5.1X digital
 zoom, the number of sensor pixels contributing to the output is
 3.1 / (5.1*5.1) = 0.12 megapixels, or 120 kpixels
 or about 400x300 pixels.
 Thus, any final image size larger than 400x300 is likely to look
 Dave Martindale, Jun 11, 2004
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Ask a Question
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text:
Theme 2008: Cultural diversity
SOCIAL DIALOGUE ABOUT CULTURAL DIVERSITY
Organised by the CNV KUNSTENBOND, with participation of cultural trade-unions around Europe.
Location: SBI/Zonneheuvel in Doorn, the Netherlands
August 2 – August 7 2008
- Europe is a patchwork of so many and very different local communities. This fascinating diversity is essential for the future of the European culture and work in the sector art & culture.
- The essential cultural diversity cannot exist without a social-cultural dialogue.
- Such dialogues need to be organised. Actors should be cultural groups, trade-unions, local politics, churches.
- The suggestion is to avoid 'multi-cultural' and use instead 'inter-cultural' as key words
- Dialogue is only possible if we communicate in the same language. Language education is essentional.
- Values become more and more important. Education (school, vocational)should bring the important values of Europe to students and newcomers.
- The arts are the core of the fast growing 'cultural industries'. But no art, without the artists. These 'cultural workers' have often been pushed into a selfemployed situation. In most nations there are hardly any good provisions and structures to help/sustain like health-care, social security, retirement plans. It is important tha the new debates about flexacurity will include the very special situations of the artists/cultural workers. Politics should start thinking about these situations.
- Trade unions need to participate in this changing climate giving work to ten thousands of self-employed, flexible workers.
- Easily safety(safe work) and health are forgotten, but those aspects are essential contexts for our human capital. Here trade-unions and governements need to work together towards fair regulations and implementations.


text:
of the Ñusta" at Machu Picchu are the great pattern of steps taken from bedrock.
Fountains and liturgical baths
The Inkas effectively control the flow of water through their building by means of canals and fountains. The primary purpose of these fountains or liturgical baths was to supply clean water.
The very popular site known as the "Bath of the Inka" is only a few kilometers outside of Cusco. This archeological site is Tambomachay. This place comprises of consists a cycle of water bath flowing from channels hidden within the structure. The fountains are made of huge stone walls, stylishly placed at each level. Water is supplied to a single fountain as in Ollantaytambo. Later the excess water is poured into another fountains or baths and then in another. Thus forming an arranged series. Such series is found at Phuyupatamarca, with six serial fountains; Machu Picchu, with 16 fountains, and Wiñay Wayna, with a grand total of 18 fountains.
Masmas or Wayronas
Masmas or Wayronas structure was also constructed by Inkas. It is also found in the buildings of Machu Picchu. In this construction buildings were open on one side. As there was no wall on the open side, the roof had to be supported by a beam solid enough to run the length of the building or to a supporting pillar in the center.
Agricultural terraces which are way to work areas of Inkas were built by narrow, steep steps or stones as the terrace holding walls. Building of these terraces might be very striving and motivational work of Inkas. As constructions done surely require a large volume of material moved on mountainsides and in river bottoms throughout the Inka empire.
The area where Inkas prefer beauty over functionality is the only sparkling flowing water. Shining streams of water gush from stone. The water outlets are decorated with engraved designs, splashing water flows through the sinks and the extra water is discharge into the next fountain or bath. This carries on until the water outlets into any agricultural land. This can be exemplified from the fountains of Machu Picchu where sixteen fountains follow each other. The sight and sound of water is amazing which is used by Inkas as architectural design.
The beautiful fortress-temple of Ollantaytambo is fitted large slabs of red hard stone called porphyry. This stone really gave it a look of a temple. The work was in progress when the conquistadores reached there. So this temple is still incomplete.
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text:
When it comes to welcoming a furry companion into our lives,
longevity is a factor that often plays a crucial role in our decision-making process.
After all, we want our feline friends to be by our side for as long as possible,
sharing their love and unique personalities. If you're in search of a cat breed with exceptional staying power, look no further.
In this article, we'll dive into the world of cat breeds with the longest lifespans,
shedding light on these remarkable companions that defy the sands of time.
The Secret to a Long and Happy Feline Life
Cats are not only beloved for their playful antics and soothing purrs but also for the deep bond they create with their human counterparts.
If you're aiming for a lasting companionship, you'll want to consider a breed known for its extended lifespan.
But what's the secret behind these feline Methuselahs? Let's explore.
Siamese Cats: Elegance Meets Endurance
Siamese cats are renowned for their striking blue eyes and distinctive color points.
However, their allure goes beyond appearances. With an average lifespan of 15 to 20 years,
Siamese cats embody both beauty and longevity. Their active nature keeps them spry well into their golden years,
and their penchant for forming strong bonds with their human families adds to their remarkable lifespan.
Ragdoll Cats: Gentle Giants of Time
Ragdolls, often likened to plush toys due to their gentle demeanor, are another breed that graces our list.
These affectionate felines are known for their tendency to go limp when picked up, hence their name.
Living up to 15 years or more, Ragdolls prove that a calm disposition and loving companionship can contribute to a longer, healthier life.
Maine Coon Cats: Size, Personality, and Longevity
Maine Coons, famous for their impressive size and tufted ears, are often referred to as "gentle giants."
These big-hearted cats have a lifespan that can reach 12 to 15 years or beyond.
Their friendly nature and robust health make them excellent contenders for families seeking long-term feline friend.
Russian Blue Cats: A Lapful of Lifelong Joy
Russian Blue cats, with their plush bluish-gray coats and emerald eyes, bring an air of elegance to any household.
Beyond their aesthetics, they offer companionship that can last up to 20 years.
Their intelligence and playful spirit keep them young at heart, making them a cherished addition to families seeking enduring feline love.
Nurturing Longevity in Every Breed
While these breeds shine in the longevity department,
it's important to note that any cat can live a long and healthy life with proper care.
Regular veterinary check-ups, a balanced diet, mental stimulation,
and a safe environment all contribute to a cat's overall well-being and lifespan.
Whether you choose a Siamese, Ragdoll, Maine Coon, Russian Blue, or another breed,
the key lies in fostering a loving and attentive relationship.
In the realm of feline companionship, the concept of time takes on new dimensions.
With Siamese, Ragdoll, Maine Coon, and Russian Blue cats, the passage of years becomes a journey of shared moments, laughter, and cherished memories.
These breeds exemplify the beauty of a long and loving bond between humans and their furry friends,
reminding us that while life's moments are fleeting, the connections we forge with our pets remain eternal.
Q: Are there any specific tips to ensure my cat's longevity?
A: Certainly! Regular veterinary care, a balanced diet, exercise,
and a stress-free environment all play a vital role in ensuring your cat's long and healthy life.
Q: Do indoor cats tend to live longer than outdoor cats?
A: Yes, generally indoor cats live longer due to the reduced risks of accidents, predators,
and exposure to diseases.
Q: Are mixed-breed cats more likely to have longer lifespans?
A: Mixed-breed cats often have fewer genetic predispositions to certain health issues,
which can contribute to longer lifespans.
Q: How can I help my senior cat age gracefully?
A: Provide a comfortable and safe environment, regular veterinary check-ups, a senior-friendly diet,
and mental stimulation to support your cat's golden years.
Q: Are there any signs that my cat is entering its senior years?
A: Look out for changes in behavior, mobility, appetite, and weight.
If you notice any unusual symptoms, consult your veterinarian for guidance.