text:
Habitat fragmentation may adversely affect animal populations through several mechanisms. However, little is known about how the impacts of some of these mechanisms are manifested in altered dynamics of wild populations.
We used a spatially explicit individual-based simulation model to examine the potential effects of disrupted dispersal due to fragmentation on the population dynamics of the endangered, co-operatively breeding, red-cockaded woodpecker Picoides borealis.
We simulated population dynamics as a function of population size and spatial aggregation of territories. Dispersal success (but not mortality or fecundity) was an emergent property of model runs. In the model all female and some male fledglings dispersed in straight lines in random directions, and the remaining males stayed on their natal territories as helpers and competed for breeding vacancies in their immediate neighbourhood.
Population trend was tied to the higher dispersal success of both males and females in larger and less fragmented populations. Helpers were more successful than dispersing males. Male breeder recruitment depended entirely on helpers when populations were small (25 or 100 territories).
Declining populations were characterized by high emigration rates and both failure and delay in female recruitment. The large numbers of unpaired males resulted in lowered reproductive output at the population level and in the loss of territories. Populations of 25 territories were stable when territories were highly aggregated, despite high emigration rates. These results closely match empirical observations.
A number of co-operatively breeding species are endangered. The unusual dispersal behaviour of helpers may make such species sensitive to habitat fragmentation but also resilient to reductions in population size when territories are aggregated. Small populations of co-operative breeders may have considerable conservation value as a source of genetic diversity.


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 (Redirected from 8N1)
Jump to: navigation, search
8-N-1 is a common shorthand notation for a serial port parameter setting or configuration in asynchronous mode, in which there are eight (8) data bits, no (N) parity bit, and one (1) stop bit.[1] As such, 8-N-1 is the most common configuration for PC serial communications today.
The abbreviation is usually given together with the line speed in bits per second, as in 9600/8-N-1. The speed includes bits for framing (stop bits, parity, etc.) and the effective data rate is lower than the bit transmission rate. For 8-N-1 encoding, only 80% of the bits are available for data (for every eight bits of data, ten bits are sent over the serial link — one start bit, the eight data bits, and the one stop bit). This mode was also commonplace for the link between modems until the 1990s when Link Access Procedure for Modems became widespread. 8-N-1 continued in use for the computer to modem connection.[1]
 1. ^ a b "What does 8-N-1 mean?". modemhelp.net. Retrieved 2013-12-25.


text:
CERP asked 3,616 undergraduate computing majors about their perceptions of institutional support for becoming a middle or high school computing teacher. As seen here, very few students in this sample have been exposed to this career path in their department, and more than one-third of students perceive the career path as viewed negatively in their department. Furthermore, few students knew where to seek advice for this career path at their institution. These data suggest colleges and universities in general, and computing departments specifically, could improve the amount of emphasis placed on teaching middle or high school computing. In turn, this might result in increased interest by computing majors in becoming middle or high school computing teachers. Given recent efforts to promote widespread K-12 computing education, enhancing support for students who might be interested in becoming middle or high school computing teachers is important.
Notes. Data were collected from a sample of undergraduate students who were majoring in a computing field during the fall 2015 academic semester. Computing majors included computer science, computer information systems/informative, bioinformatics, computing and business, information technology, computer engineering, and other fields with a strong computing component. Students were asked to indicate how much they agreed or disagreed with the following statements: Middle or high school teaching is discussed as a career option in my major department; There is a negative perception of choosing middle or high school teaching as a career in my major department; I know where to go at my college or university to get good advising about the career path for middle or high school teaching, using the following scale: (1) Strongly disagree, (2) Disagree, (3) Neither disagree nor agree, (4) Agree, (5) Strongly agree. Percentages of students who responded with either Agree or Strongly agree are displayed in this visualization.
This analysis is brought to you by the CRA's Center for Evaluating the Research Pipeline (CERP). CERP provides social science research and comparative evaluation for the computing community. To learn more about CERP, visit our website at _URL_
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number (CNS-_PHONE_; and/ or DUE-_PHONE_). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
All HSPT Verbal Resources
Example Question #1 : Antonyms: Adjectives And Adverbs
An antonym of "substantial" is __________.
The word "substantial" can mean that something is not ideal but instead is real and tangible. (Something "tangible" can be touched. This is related to the word "tactile.") In contrast to something substantial, the word "intangible"—not touchable—is an excellent antonym.
Example Question #2 : Antonyms: Adjectives And Adverbs
An antonym of "opaque" is __________.
When something is "opaque," that thing prevents light from passing through it. For example, a house wall is opaque to the light in a given room, preventing it from passing into the next room. In contrast to this, the windows in the room are "translucent," meaning that they allow light through them. This word comes from the combination of the prefix "trans-," meaning across, and "lucent," which comes from light. Translucent surfaces literally allow light to shine through or across them.
Example Question #3 : Antonyms: Adjectives And Adverbs
Select the answer choice that most nearly means the opposite of the word in capital letters.
"Placid" is an adjective that can mean calm; not easily excited when talking about a living organism. It can also mean calm when describing water. When taking a test, if there is more than one meaning for a word, it is best to look at all of the possible answers and eliminate the ones that don't fit any definition.
Using this strategy, we can eliminate "tranquil," because it means peaceful. This is a synonym of "placid," not an antonym.
"Perplexed" can also be eliminated because it means confused. This is not the opposite of "calm."
"Innocent" means harmless and free of guilt. Again, this is not the opposite of calm.
This leaves us with two possibilities: "excitable" and "aggravating." "Excitable" is an adjective meaning easily excited. "Aggravating" is an adjective meaning irritating. "Excitable" is the best antonym for the first definition of "placid."


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The Four Nations
Frank Welsh
List Price: 47.00*
* Individual store prices may vary.
Other Editions of This Title:
Paperback (4/15/2011)
Even by comparison to the United States, the United Kingdom has had a brief and fractious history. Its existence as an undivided entity lasted only for a disputatious 125 years, and its future remains precarious.
In The Four Nations, Frank Welsh offers a lively narrative history of the four component parts of the British Isles--England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Moving from the Roman period, which first defined many of the current internal boundaries, through the present day, Welsh describes the history of each nation, their interactions, and the impacts of crises ranging from the Norman Invasion to the Protestant Reformation to the two world wars of the twentieth century. Along the way, Welsh questions many cherished illusions and poses some awkward questions: To what extent were Scotland, Ireland, and Wales victims of predatory English aggression? How serious is the frequently invoked specter of national fragmentation?
Filled with illuminating vignettes and provocative insights, The Four Nations is an accessible and comprehensive introduction to the troubled histories of the British Isles.
Yale University Press, 9780300178524, 532pp.
Publication Date: April 15, 2011


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Final Product What You'll Be Creating
In this tutorial you will learn how to create all-purpose water drop using the Clipping Mask and gradient fills. Water drops created in this way can be placed on any texture, both vector and raster, and the texture under the drop will look enlarged – just like a real drop of water. Creating the drop only takes a few minutes but adds a level of detail to your illustration that looks great.
Let's start our tutorial creating a grass blade. Take the Pen Tool (P) and create a closed path, similar to one shown in the figure below.
Create a rectangle using the Rectangle Tool (M) and rotate it so that it is placed along the grass blade. The rectangle should be placed in the underlayer below the shape, while the grass blade path should not cross the rectangle boundaries.
Keep the rectangle selected, go to Object > Create Gradient Mesh, and set the values shown in the figure below.
Select the rectangle and grass blade and go to Object > Clipping Mask > Make.
Now proceed to the gradient mesh points. Converge the top points in a single point so that it was located on the tip of the grass blade. It should be noted that the lines of the gradient grid cannot intersect the shape of grass blade, otherwise the shape of its path will be corrupted.
Place the points of gradient mesh so that the Mesh shape as close to the shape of the grass as possible.
Take the Mesh Tool (U) and add a few lines to the gradient mesh by clicking on its lower boundary.
Replace the colors of the created points with different shades of green.
Proceed to create the veins on the grass blade. Take the Pen Tool (P) and create two curves 1 pixel in width each, resembling the shape of grass blade edges.
Select these curves and go to Object > Blend > Make. Now go to Object > Blend > Blend Options and set the step size equal to 25.
Keep the Blend selected, go to Object > Blend > Expand. We now have a collection of curves of the same width and color. Let's make the grass veins more diversified. Select separate lines using the Direct Selection Tool (A) and change their width in the Stroke palette, within the range 0.75 – 2 pt. To make the veins more realistic, you can apply the Art Brush for them, such as the Pencil Thin for example.
Select all the veins and go to Object > Expand Appearance and fill them with linear gradient consisting of two shades of green.
Now to proceed to the topic of our tutorial – water drop creation. Take the Ellipse Tool (L) and create an ellipse. Deform the ellipse using the Direct Selection Tool (A) so that we can make the shape as shown in the figure below.
Copy this shape and paste it in front twice. Make the two upper shapes invisible and lock them in the layer palette. We will need them for further build ups.
The texture of the grass blade where it is covered by a drop should look larger due to the optical characteristics of the drop. Group all the elements of the grass blade, copy and paste it in front. Keep the copy selected, go to Object > Transform > Scale and set the value of 120% in the dialog box, click OK.
Select the drop shape and the enlarged grass blade and go to Object > Clipping Mask > Make.
Unlock the lower drop shape and make it visible in the layers palette. I hope you did not skip step 10? Fill this shape with radial gradient from white to white color with 0% opacity.
Unlock the upper shape of the drop and make it visible in the layers palette. Fill this shape with radial gradient from dark green color with opacity 0% to dark green color.
The color of this gradient depends on the color of the object on which the drop lies, you can pick the basic color of the object using the Eyedropper Tool (I) and make it darker by adding black to the Color palette (I'm using the CMYK color model). Now apply this color to the gradient.
Create a highlight on the drop. Take the Ellipse Tool (L) and create an ellipse. Deform the ellipse using the Direct Selection Tool (A) so that we could get the shape shown in the figure below. Fill the shape with linear gradient from white with 70% opacity to white color with 0% opacity.
Create a light source reflection in the drop. Create two circles using the Ellipse Tool (L). Fill both circles with white, make the bigger one look transparent.
Select both circles and go to Object > Blend > Make.
Create a shadow of the drop. Take the Pen Tool (P) and create the shape of the shadow. Now copy the shape of the drop and paste it in front, select both the drop and shadow shapes, press Minus Front from the Pathfinder palette.
The shape of the shadow should be located outside the light source, fix the shape using the Direct Selection Tool (A).
The shadow of the drop is not going to be smooth, so fill it with radial gradient from white to dark green with an opacity of 56%.
The created drop can be moved over the texture, having done a simple procedure in the layers palette. First, group up all the elements of the drop, select the drop, and lock the underlayer with the enlarged grass blade in the layers palette. Now you can move the drop over the texture.
Create a few more drops. Duplicate the drop and reduce its size.
The texture in the smaller drops is less enlarged. Select the enlarged grass blade that is blocked by the clipping mask in the layers palette and reduce it by 90%.
Create a few more drops using the same technique.
Finally create the background. Take the Rectangle Tool (M) and create a rectangle of green which lies under all the objects of the composition.
Take the Mesh Tool (U) and add plenty of points, forming a gradient mesh. Replace the color of these points with various shades of green. The background will create the illusion of plants that are in the background, but not in focus.
Take the Direct Selection Tool (A) and distorts some of the lines of the gradient mesh.
Create the final composition. Take the Rectangle Tool (M) and create a square.
Select all the objects of our composition (Command + A) and go to Object > Clipping Mask > Make. For a better contrast you can set your composition in a black frame, creating a black square and placing it in the layer below our artwork.
The created drop is all-purpose, and you can place it over any objects of raster and vector type. The texture inside the drop is not only increased but distorted too. In these cases you can deform the enlarged object, which is located under the Clipping Mask with the Bloat Tool. Remember, the underlayer with the Clipping Mask should be locked when distorted.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Why Do We Close Our Eyes When We Kissed?
Why do we close our eyes when we kiss? This, certainly, is one of the contemporary age's questions that are left unanswered. In addition to the undeniable fact that it could put your passionate companion off in the event that you maintain your eyes continuously available while you smooch, a possible answer might stay inside a new research on human senses.
Why Do We Close Our Eyes When We Kissed?
This specific research, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, proves the understanding of our sense of touch depends upon the perceptual load at that time – that's, just how much info our eyes are experiencing to process those in our brains. Which means that our eyes occasionally shut to be able to boost our sense of touch.
The press most importantly have usually obtained this to imply that our eyes shut to be able to concentrate on the task available during kissing. Sadly, there's one significant problem with this: the research actually has nothing to do with kissing.
Throughout the research, individuals were designated numerous visible duties, as well as their sense of touch was measured at the same time. As the topics needed to finish notice-looking duties of varying difficulties, additionally they needed to react to little vibrations which were being put on one of their hands.
Why Do We Close Our Eyes When We Kissed?
The scientists mentioned that their understanding of the vibrations reduced as their eyes were compelled to work to accomplish the tasks, recommending our feeling of contact is reduced when our eyes are taking with growing emphasis in the world around them.
These results could explain why we close our eyes when we want to focus attention on another sense. Shutting out the visual input leaves more mental resources to focus on other aspects of our experience," according to Dr. Polly Dalton, a senior lecturer in cognitive psychology at Royal Holloway, University of London.
This summary was enough to trigger many to determine that this applies to kissing, however the study doesn't mention the act once.
Therefore for the time being, in terms of making out with our eyes shut, it may be good to think about the question unanswered.
Please "like" us:


text:
In this program we are going to make an excel sheet and
set the fonts of text values, set its size. We can also set the name of the
The packages we need to import are java.io.*,java.util.*,org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet,org.apache.poi. hssf. usermodel. HSSFCellStyle, org.apache.poi.usermodel.HSSFRow, org.apache.poi.usermodel.HSSFCell, org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel. HSSFWorkbook and org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont.
extends java.lang.Object and is used to represent a font used in workbook.
This also provides various methods to set various font properties on
In this example we are using following key points:
This method is used to set the height of the text.
This method is used to set the font name.
This method is used the to set text as Italic.
This method is used to set strikeout on text.
This method is used to set font on cell style sheet.
The code of the program is given below:
The output of the program is given below:
Ask your questions, our development team will try to give answers to your questions.


How to remove Lock icon on files and folders in Windows 10
In Windows 10, when a folder or file is encrypted using Encrypting File System (EFS), the File Explorer app shows a pad lock overlay icon for such a file or folder. If you are interested in removing that icon, in this article, we will see how it can be done.
In Windows 7, the pad lock overlay icon was for an entirely different function. The Lock icon in Windows 7 indicated that the file or folder was shared with nobody but your user account, and that your account alone had the permission to access it (besides the SYSTEM and admin accounts). This icon was shown only when some item that was shared previously with other users was made private by right clicking and choosing Share with nobody.
However, in Windows 8 and above, the pad lock overlay icon was removed because people couldn't understand how to get rid of it. So I was surprised really when I saw another pad lock icon on some of my files in Windows 10! Then I realized how compressed files and folders also had a similar looking icon and realized that this lock icon was appearing only for encrypted files and folders, as mentioned at the beginning of the article. before
To remove the Lock icon on files and folders in Windows 10, you need to do the following.
 1. Download the ZIP archive which contains the empty icon. It will be used instead of the lock icon.
 Download empty icon
 In the archive, you will also find ready-to-use Registry files so you can avoid manual Registry editing and save your time.
 2. Extract and put the blank.ico file to any folder you want. For example, let's use the following path:
 C:\Windows\blank.ico
 3. Open Registry Editor.
 4. Go to the following path:
 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer
 Tip: See how to jump to the desired Registry key with one click.
 5. Create a new subkey named Shell Icons.
 6. Under the Shell Icons subkey, create a new string value and name it 178. Set its value data to the full path of the "blank.ico" file. In my case I have to set it to
 C:\Windows\blank.ico
 windows 10 disable lock overlay icon
 7. Sign out from your Windows session or restart the Explorer shell.
You are done. Before:lock folder icon
After:after
To undo this change, you need to delete the mentioned "178" value. That's it.
1 thought on "How to remove Lock icon on files and folders in Windows 10
 1. john
 I have this issue after reimaging a PC that died two weeks ago, and it's on some Pictures and Videos…but I cannot access the actual pictures or videos…Can you help with that?
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Reading Digital Callipers With an Arduino / USB
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How to use an Arduino to read the signal from a set of digital callipers and send the reading over USB.
Why?
This might be useful for accurate position sensing in home made / hacked computer aided manufacture systems. Adds USB functionality to your callipers.
A great reference on reading digital callipers can be found at:
_URL_
What this instructable adds to the shumatech tutorial is:
How to use an Arduino to read the callipers (using very few extra components).
Details of another protocol found to be in use on some callipers.
Basic Arduino code is provided.
To see more of my work please visit j44industries.
Step 1: The Callipers
The callipers I have been working with were the Electronic Digital Callipers by Precision Gold. I bought the callipers from Maplin (item code N48AA) in the UK for just under £20.
After some experimenting with a multi meter and a jyetech oscilloscope (a very cheap basic oscilloscope that can be bought in kit form for under £40) I found the pins to be as shown in the diagram.
Step 2: Voltages: Logic and Power
The Arduino uses 5V logic but the callipers output 1.5V logic. This is a bit of a bodge and may not always work, really a proper logic level conversion circuit should be used but the flowing is a simple hack that worked well with my Arduino:
My Arduino changed between logic high and logic low at about 2.5V (this could vary a bit between boards).
Connecting the positive pin on the callipers to the 3.3V supply means when the clock and data pins are connected to the arduino their voltage seems to vary between 3.3V and 1.8V, which is the Arduino reads as logic high and low respectively.
Powering the callipers with the Arduino:
To avoid needing a battery in the callipers the power circuit pictured can be used (remove the button cell). This method relies on using an LED to regulate the supply voltage for the callipers.
Resistor
About 200Ohm
Capacitor
I used a 10uF which worked well, but there would be no harm in using a larger capacitance. 2V or more rating.
LED
For the LED try to find one which has as close to a 1.6V drop across it as possible.
I used a red LED with a 1.8V drop across it. Red and IR LEDs tend to have low voltage drops across them.
Step 3: The Data Protocol
The data protocol used on my callipers was as follows:
Clock pulse as shown in the picture.
Reading the data on a falling clock edge gave a sensible output.
Example data output:
1,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, (Screen shows 0.00 mm or 0.000 inches)
1,0,0,0, 1,0,1,1, 1,1,1,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, (Screen shows 10.00mm)
1,0,0,1, 0,0,1,1, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,1,0,0, (Screen shows -1.00mm)
1,0,0,0, 1,1,0,0, 1,0,1,0, 1,1,1,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, (Screen shows 150.00mm)
Interpretation of data:
?,X,X,X, X,X,X,X, X,X,X,X, X,X,X,X, ?,?,?,?, ?,Y,?,?
? = Not sure
X's for a binary number with least significant bit at the start of the string. The binary number is the distance in mm times 100.
Y = Sign bit if Y = 1 number is negative if Y = 0 number is positive.
Note: make sure the callipers are set to mm the inches mode behaves very similarly except the least significant bit is used to show 1/2000ths of an inch.
Step 4: Arduino Code
This is a very basic Arduino code that should be compatible with several calliper data protocols.
There are commas in between each value to make it easy to use .CSV files to import the data into spreadsheets.
The main requirement of this code is that the data is read on the falling edge of a clock pulse.
Hopefully this code should mean when you connect your Arduino to the computer and use the serial monitor at 115200 Baud you will get sensible looking binary out.
Trouble shooting:
If the length of the binary strings changes a lot you may have the clock and data pins the wrong way around.
Code:
//Simple Digital Calliper Reader
//See _URL_
// Pin Declarations
int dataIn = 11;
int clockIn = 12;
// Variables
int clock = 1;
int lastClock = 1;
unsigned long time = 0;
unsigned long timeStart = 0;
int out = 0;
void setup() {
 // Pin Set Up
 pinMode(dataIn, INPUT);
 pinMode(clockIn, INPUT);
 Serial.begin(115200);
 Serial.println("Ready: ");
}
void loop(){
 lastClock = clock;
 clock = digitalRead(clockIn);
 if (lastClock == 1 && clock == 0){
 out = digitalRead(dataIn)+digitalRead(dataIn)+digitalRead(dataIn); // Tripple sampling to remove glitches
 if((micros() - time) > 800){
 Serial.println(" ");
 }
 else if((micros() - time) > 400){
 Serial.print(" ");
 }
 if (out > 1){
 Serial.print("1");
 }
 else{
 Serial.print("0");
 }
 Serial.print(",");
 time = micros();
 }
}
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 40 Discussions
 0
 None
 AuliaW1
 Question 5 months ago
 hi, thank you for this! it's very helpfull :)
 but i wonder by 'Reading the data on a falling clock edge ....'. does the data sent for every falling edges or just for the big one (0.4ms pulse)? thanks again anyway ;)
 0
 None
 RafaelL112
 6 months ago
 Hi, I did make this project, but I would like to add a wireless component to send/receive data. It's possible? Tks
 0
 None
 dobata
 2 years ago
 Congratulations, the trick about connect the 1.5V and 3.3V positives and use the led as voltage divider is very smart!
 0
 None
 MarcR15
 2 years ago
 The example code doesn't perfectly correspond to the example data output.
 In the code, a 400 microsecond delay will print out a single space character. But in the example data output, you have commas.
 0
 None
 dan3008
 2 years ago
 I got the exact same callipers yesterday from maplin for £9.99 on sale :D Looking at doing this now, so I can use the calipers with my computer :D
 0
 None
 Raphango
 2 years ago
 Great! Congratulations!!
 0
 None
 sspence
 3 years ago on Introduction
 For the 52 bit Mitutoyo protocol, see _URL_
 0
 None
 sspence
 3 years ago on Introduction
 I have a 5 pin Igaging Origin unit. Do you have any pinout data?
 0
 None
 paulodrugos
 4 years ago on Introduction
 Thanks a lot for the example and the arduino code!
 I find out how to convert the binary output from the caliper to decimal value, the caliper sends a 24bits package.
 That package follows the pattern attached, so the value is in that 16 bits (from bit1 to bit16) reversed...
 Example: My caliper measure 59.0mm, the data output was: 1,0,1,0, 0,1,0,0, 0,1,1,1, 0,1,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0.
 Reversing the 16 bits I got: 0001011100010010, wich, in decimal, is 5906
 bits.png
 0
 None
 linux-works
 4 years ago on Introduction
 what is the purpose of the capacitor across the diode? I see the diode is a 'poor mans zener' and the series R is the current limit so the zener (I mean diode) won't burn out. but why do you need a cap across it? for extra filtering? you would be feeding clean dc to this, anyway


HomeAccessibilityAccessibility
[Accessibility]
[Accessibility] is available when configuring the operating environment of the Control Panel, for example, by adjusting the Touch Panel or changing keying sounds.
Configure the appropriate settings to suit your environment.
Tapping [Accessibility] displays the following menu.
Settings
Description
[Brightness Adjustment]
Adjust the brightness level of the Touch Panel. For details, refer to Here.
[Key Repeat Start/Interval Time]
Change the time from pressing a key to starting a key repeat, and the interval to enter successive characters. For details, refer to Here.
[Default Enlarge Display Settings]
Change the default settings (settings when the power is turned on, or the Reset key is pressed) in Enlarge Display mode. You can change the default setting by selecting Current Setting after the setting of each function is changed. For details, refer to Here.
[System Auto Reset Confirmation]
Select whether to display a confirmation screen and check cancellation of the Enlarge Display mode when the system auto reset function has worked. When displaying the screen, select the length of time to display the screen. For details, refer to Here.
[Auto Reset Confirmation]
Select whether to display a confirmation screen and check resetting of setting values when the auto reset function has worked. When displaying the screen, select the length of time to display the screen. For details, refer to Here.
[Enlarge Display Mode Confirmation]
Select whether to display a confirmation screen and check if switched into Enlarge Display when [Enlarge Display] is tapped. For details, refer to Here.
[Message Display Time]
Change the time to display a message on the Touch Panel. For details, refer to Here.
[Color Reversal Screen Display Setting]
Inverts the color to display the screen. For details, refer to Here.
[Sound Setting]
Select whether to output keying or warning sounds. If necessary, select the sound type and adjust the volume. For details, refer to Here.
[Voice Guidance Settings]
Change the volume and replay speed of voice guidance. This option is displayed only when [Utility] - [Administrator Settings] - [Voice Guidance Settings] - [Voice Guidance] is set to [Yes]. For details, refer to Here.
[Double tap setting]
Select whether continuous tapping of the same key is detected as a double-tap operation. For details, refer to Here.


text:
Explore the vitality of your forest
We are able to showcase areas of impact within German forests, divided by municipalities and levels of vitality loss.
In a groundbreaking effort, satellite data has shown which areas in Germany are facing the most challenges. Using data from ESA satellites, we assess the health of all forests in the country. Presented in a comprehensible format, here is the data for you to explore!
Zoom in to take a closer look at your municipality and understand the current overall conditions.
Click on the municipality and get valuable insights into forest's condition in the area
Get WoodsApp and check the vitality data of your own forest, parcel by parcel
Latest vitality data recorded on the 15.07.2023 by BitApps. In areas, where no rescent satellite imagery was available due to cloud cover, vitality loss was calculated based on data from 2022. Map and Data analysis: Andreas Forstmaier, Data: Grzegorz Krok, Marek Wyszyński, Olga Kalinowska, Krzysztof Rączkiewicz, Webdevelopment: Szymon Wrzos, Design: Weronika Izert. Forest area based on a dataset by Blickensdörfer, Lukas et al. (2022): Dominant Tree Species for Germany (2017/2018), Thünen-Institut, _URL_
Discover the power of WoodsApp Pro in your organisation
WoodsApp Pro delivers crucial information to enable efficient monitoring and administration of the forest zones under your responsibility
WoodsApp Pro assists organizations by offering updated satellite maps and an user-friendly task management tool to improve your area operations.
You will also find in WoodsApp Pro exceptional communication and updating features for smooth interaction with your entire network of stakeholders.
The fusion of a mobile application and web platform facilitates fluent and cost-free sharing of data and insights between your organisation and stakeholders.
For office use, we recommend our web app: It allows you to keep track of larger number of files and to operate with a voluminous customer-base.
Experts can effortlessly conduct fieldwork using the app version and navigate to the detected vitality signals within the forest.
Take advantage of our Vitality Campaign!
Register your organisation and discover the vitality of your forest today
Free of charge until December 31, 2023
Landowner, take a look at this!
Do you need to check the vitality of your own forest?
The vitality map above provides a general overview and does not offer a detailed assessment of individual trees within a forest. To gain insights into the specific conditions of your own forest, download WoodsApp and explore the data firsthand.
If you observe any signs of vitality loss, it's better to visit your forest in person. WoodsApp's navigation tool makes it easy to locate your exact parcels.
You as a forest owner have a lot to gain from using this data to make informed decisions about your forest. You will be able to prevent possible risks earlier and take action to address any issues before they become more serious.
Just download the app and start benefiting from our easy-to-use platform!
This is how you benefit from WoodsApp
Official parcel data in Berlin, Brandenburg, Hamburg, Hesse, North Rhine-Westphalia, Thuringia, Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt.
We monitor your parcel and provide you with satellite data and updated information about the vitality of your trees.
You get access to breath-taking satellite aerial imagery and topographic maps of your forest.
You will be able to create observations on the map, take photos, and geolocate them within the app.
Benefit from the news feeds about forests and environment.
See large-scale situation in the forest at a glance.
Are you a forest owner like Stefan in this video?
Didn't you just read from the news about the alarming health situation in the area where your parcels are locating?
Watch this video to know what choices Stefan made in a similar situation.
Download WoodsApp now
If you want to keep an eye on your forest from the comfort of your home,

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
DENR leads International Biodiversity Day Celebration
The Philippines along with 195 member countries of the Convention on Biological Diversity celebrate the International Day for Biological Diversity (IDBD) every May 22 annually to promote understanding and awareness of biodiversity issues with this year's theme, "Biodiversity for Sustainable Development." The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) thru the Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB) spearheads the yearly IDBD celebration. Various activities are lined up for this year's event. A Youth Summer Camp will be conducted on May 19-21, 2015 at the Ninoy Aquino Parks and Wildlife Center, Quezon City. This will be participated in by around 150 students and teachers from the six (6) school districts of the City of Manila. Partners for the conduct of camp activities include USAID-B+WISER Project, Haribon Foundation and the ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity. Sponsors for the camp include Maynilad, RFM Foods Corp., ARC Refreshments Corp., First Gen Corp., Gardenia Philippines, and EL Laboratories.
In collaboration with Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, a photo contest called "Selfie Take 2 for Biodiversity" is also being run encouraging the public to capture in a single photo, commitments and efforts on the conservation and protection of biodiversity. Deadline for submission of photo entries is on May 19, 2015.
Culminating the celebration is the Media Launch of the Biodiversity Advocacy Campaign to be conducted on the IDBD itself, May 22, 2015. The Campaign aims to get the support of media and other relevant partners in disseminating relevant information to increase public awareness and appreciation on the values, importance and benefits of conserving biodiversity, and at the same time generate public support towards biodiversity conservation and protection. People ought to understand what biodiversity provides to sustain life in this planet, for them to value and care for these resources.
2015 International Day for Biological Diversity Celebration
- Written by Super User


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When and how do we use the different kinds of brackets/parentheses — (){}[] — while writing English (not code)?
share|improve this question
closed as not a real question by Kris, Kristina Lopez, RegDwigнt Jan 19 '13 at 11:23
Closing as too broad and for complete lack of research. Could be considered general reference as per en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brackets. In fact the accepted answer just quotes select bits from that page, while leaving lots of things out. – RegDwigнt Jan 19 '13 at 11:31
...Except my answer never did get accepted. Sadface =( – Southpaw Hare Jan 19 '13 at 22:17
4 Answers 4
up vote 4 down vote accepted
Curved brackets, or parentheses (like these), are used to set off different kinds of interruption to a sentence. Square brackets [like these] are used in a quotation when the words contained in them are not part of the quotation, but are necessary for the sense. Curly brackets, or braces {like these}, are rarely used in normal writing. They are mostly reserved for specialised texts.
share|improve this answer
 - Brackets — [] — are used to enclose "meta information" regarding text — text that is used to explain other text from an outside point of view. As an example, brackets can be used to give context to a direct quote by replacing or adding words that were not actually said in that exact manner, yet help to understand the meaning.
 I don't know, [the crazy monkey] bothers me.
 The term sic is generally put in brackets, expressing an intentionally recreated mistake in a quote.
 I ordered my sandwich with cheeze [sic] and ham.
 It can also be used to show citations, as done on Wikipedia.
 Southpaw Hare is an awesome dude. [15]
 - Parentheses — () — are used mainly for asides or secondary thoughts that step away from a main thought before returning.
 There is a big difference between rabbits and hares (although you can use 'bunny' to refer to either of them).
 - Braces — {} — don't have any mainstream use in ordinary English — they are used in various technical fields for special expressions.
Most information from Wikipedia's page on Brackets.
share|improve this answer
The terminology here is American, but the rules are fairly universal. – TimLymington Jan 19 '13 at 11:20
Perhaps it would be better to address parentheses as parts of sentences before discussing the punctuation involved; it can be confusing that the word has such a dual role. At _URL_ is:
... information... set off by the punctuation marks — whether by commas, dashes, or parentheses — is called a parenthetical [or simply parenthesis, EA], and its distinguishing characteristic is that the sentence remains grammatically and semantically correct even without it. A parenthetical is basically added information; however, it isn't necessarily optional or semantically expendable. It may be needed to put the statement in a desired context, to establish the logic of the sentence, or to convey a particular tone or mood for the statement. In fact, the punctuation chosen for a parenthetical largely determines its optionality or importance to the statement.
Carillo goes on to discuss the choice of commas, dashes, or parentheses to set off parentheses (parentheticals). He may be over-analytical; it is true, however, that commas signal the least abrupt interruption to the matrix sentence and dashes the most abrupt.
Mark Nichol (at _URL_ ) discusses different uses of parentheticals, though parentheses would not be preferred over commas say for all types in all situations.
share|improve this answer
I believe that the general rule of thumb is to always use parentheses (round) and use brackets (square) for special situations or to avoid ugly parenthetical nesting. Braces (curly) are hardly ever, if at all, used.
Their usage is covered in this guide on ODO:
Parentheses are mainly used to separate off information that isn't essential to the meaning of the rest of the sentence. If you removed the material within the parentheses, the sentence would still make perfectly good sense.
They can also be used to enclose a comment by the person writing...
Brackets (also called square brackets) are mainly used to enclose words added by someone other than the original writer or speaker, typically in order to clarify the situation...
share|improve this answer
Having square brackets on the inside is certainly uglier than having nested parens. – tchrist Jan 19 '13 at 22:33
_USER_ I do believe that it's the style in Chicago :) – coleopterist Jan 20 '13 at 5:32


text:
Assessment of the accuracy of non-invasive rebound tonometry, and comparison with invasive cannulation tonometry. An in vivo calibration technique was devised to improve the accuracy of the rebound tonometer. IOP was then measured in SW mice using both rebound and cannulation tonometry. The ability of the rebound tonometer to accurately measure small IOP reductions after instillation of a topical prostaglandin was also determined. With the rebound method, mid-afternoon IOP in two groups of similar aged SW mice was 15.9±3.9 mmHg (mean±s.d., n=25) compared to 16.3±1.2 mmHg (n=32) using the cannulation technique. This difference was not statistically significant (p=0.6). For serial measurements using both techniques in the same eyes of a third group of SW mice (n=14), mean IOP was 15.0±3.9 mmHg for rebound tonometry but only 13.4±2.3 mmHg for subsequent cannulation tonometry. This effect was subsequently shown to be a consequence of the rebound tonometry, as multiple rebound measurements induced a statistically significant reduction in IOP. The average IOP reduction observed 2 hr after a single application of topical latanoprost (200 ng) was 2.8±1.3 mmHg (p<0.001) and 2.4±4.7 mmHg (p=0.03) with cannulation and rebound tonometers, respectively. These differences were not significantly different (p=0.8). In vivo calibration of the rebound tonometer increased measurement accuracy and provided IOP values within the physiological range that agreed closely with the IOP measured by cannulation tonometry. However, IOP measurement with the rebound tonometer had larger variability compared with the cannulation method. Repeat IOP measurements with the rebound tonometer led to a reduction in IOP. The rebound tonometer was sufficiently sensitive to detect a 2-3 mmHg reduction in IOP following application of topical latanoprost. Despite these limitations, the rebound tonometer has a significant advantage over cannulation tonometry in that it permits longitudinal IOP measurement in conscious mice.
- intraocular pressure


("Donde esta la Biblioteca?"),
 is("es"));
 // assert that the string is in french
 assertThat(new FileLanguageDetector().getLanguage("Quâ€™est-ce que tu veux?"),
 is("fr"));
 // assert that the string is in finnish
 assertThat(new FileLanguageDetector().getLanguage("HyvÃ¤Ã¤ pÃ¤ivÃ¤njatkoa"),
 is("fi"));
}
If everything has gone correctly you should be able to run the unit test successfully.
Note that language detection will never be 100% accurate and mistakes will be made. In an ideal world you would try to extract the language of a file from its metadata attributes. However, this method can be used when no data is provided and you still want to perform language specific operations (i.e. selecting a parser designed for that language or handling files written in more than one language).
As an expansion on the above you could concatenate multiple lines from the file and analyze it as a whole for a more accurate result.
Final thoughts
This is by no means code to be put in a production environment, but merely intended to be used as a beginner's guide to Apache Tika. There will be mistakes, typo's, and other errors. If you've found one be sure to mention it in a reply so that a mod might be able to change it as time moves forward.
Many improvements and expansions can be made on the examples shown here. Extracting content (or other file specific data) is usually the first step in a larger process.
If you're still wondering why Tika could be useful when extracting content remember this: we merely extracted content from a few text files but the same code can be used to extract text from virtually any format. PDF, epub, html, docx... even your very own custom format.
External Resources
Online
Official website
Download
Tika API (1.14)
Tika commandline
Tika Source
Offline
Note, the following book is a few years old but has been written by the developers themselves.
Tika In Action
Chris A. Mattmann and Jukka L. Zitting
December 2011
ISBN 9781935182856
256 pages
]]>
Software Development Traevel _URL_
Printing listview vb.net _URL_ Wed, 22 Feb 2017 03:42:36 +0000 I found the follwing code at the internet but im not able to print listview with this code.Public Sub ItemsToBePrinted() Dim StringToPrint As String = " " & "1" & " @ " & "3.99" & " " & "3.99" Dim LineLen As String = StringToPrint.Length Dim spcLen5 As New ... I found the follwing code at the internet but im not able to print listview with this code.
Public Sub ItemsToBePrinted()
 Dim StringToPrint As String = " " & "1" & " @ " & "3.99" & " " & "3.99"
 Dim LineLen As String = StringToPrint.Length
 Dim spcLen5 As New String(" "c, Math.Round((30 - LineLen)))
 TextToPrint &= "Description" & Environment.NewLine
 TextToPrint &= StringToPrint & Environment.NewLine
End Sub
I would apreciate your help.
Thank you
]]>
Software Development Ivan_14 _URL_
I am having a hard time getting traffic to my website from Social Media _URL_ Wed, 22 Feb 2017 02:09:45 +0000 I am currently working with two Social Media sites. Facebook, and Pinterest. But there seems no way around paying for traffic. I don't want to pay for traffic. I post from time to time but I see no growth neither in fans nor in website visitors.Here are my Social Media ... I am currently working with two Social Media sites. Facebook, and Pinterest. But there seems no way around paying for traffic. I don't want to pay for traffic. I post from time to time but I see no growth neither in fans nor in website visitors.
Here are my Social Media pages:
Facebook: _URL_
Pinterest: _URL_
With Facebook, my strategy is to post funny pictures found on my site. To be honest I don't post daily. And my content can be found on other social media pages. I got some fans from advertising, about 3500. And my post impressions is about 1000. I am also particepating in some groups related to my niche. When I post to any group I hardly get traffic. Like 1 or 2 visitors.
Can you check the page and tell me what am I doing wrong, or you can suggest a way for my page to improve.
And with Pinterest, my only strategy is to follow people so they can follow me back, I know it's lame but it's free. Currently I have about 37 followers. Can you check the page and see my content and tell me if it is of high quality?
]]>
Search Engine Strategies FarrisFahad _URL_
Ride sharing? _URL_ Tue, 21 Feb 2017 11:58:11 +0000 Uber or Lyft? ;) just curious.It's been my experience that this is the Windows or Mac question of yesteryear. Uber or Lyft? ;) just curious.
It's been my experience that this is the Windows or Mac question of yesteryear.
]]>
Community Center Dani _URL_
Equivalence Relation Manager _URL_ Tue, 14 Feb 2017 21:48:40 +0000 Good afternoon, I have to create a program to only be used as a tool (no main function). Below is the background information related to task: Your goal for this assignment is to create a tool that manages an equivalence relation that can be changed by the program. The equivalence ... Good afternoon,
I have to create a program to only be used as a tool (no main function). Below is the background information related to task:
Your goal for this assignment is to create a tool that manages an equivalence relation that can be changed by the program. The equivalence relation is always over a set of integers {1, 2, 3, â€¦, n} for some n.
This tool is not a complete program. It is intended to be part of a larger program. It must not have a main function.
For this assignment, an equivalence relation has type ER. A module that uses this tool can create an equivalence relation called e by saying
 1. ER R = newER(n);
 where n is an integer. Initially, each number is in its own equivalence class; the equivalence classes are {1}, {2}, â€¦, {n}. There are two operations that can be performed.
 equivalent(R, x, y) yields true if x and y are currently in the same equivalence class in equivalence relation R.
 1. merge(R, x, y) modifies equivalence relation R by making x and y equivalent. It combines the equivalence class that contains x with the equivalence class that contains y. The merge function does not yield an answer.
You will not store the equivalence classes directly. Instead, you will store them implicitly, using the following ideas. You are required to implement an equivalence manager in this way. You will receive no credit for a module that does not follow this algorithm.
Each equivalence class has a leader, which is one of the members of that equivalence class. You will create a function leader(R, x) that yields the current leader of the equivalence class that contains x in equivalence relation R. Two values are equivalent if they have the same leader.
There is another idea that is similar to a leader, but not exactly the same. Each value has a boss, which is a value in its equivalence class. Let's write boss[x] for x's boss.
If x is the leader of its equivalence class then boss[x] = 0, indicating that x does not have a boss. If x is not the leader then boss[x] â‰ x and boss[x] is closer to the leader. If you look at the values x, boss[x], boss[boss[x]], boss[boss[boss[x]]], â€¦ then you will eventually encounter x's leader.
Use an array to store the bosses. Write the following functions.
 1. newER(n) returns an array of n+1 integers. Allocate the array in the heap. This array will be used to store the bosses. So, if R has type ER then R[x] is x's boss. (If you prefer, you can call an equivalence relation boss. Then boss[x] is x's boss.)
In C++, arrays start at index 0. You will use indices 1, â€¦ n, so you need to allocate n+1 slots. (Index 0 will not be used.)
Initialize the array so that each value is a leader of its own group. That is, boss[x] = 0 for x = 1, â€¦, n.
 1. leader(R, x) returns the leader of x in equivalence relation


text:
calendar_month Publicación: 14/12/2023
Autor: Rolf Lüders, Rodrigo Cerda, Álvaro Silva
Profesor Relacionado: Rolf Lüders
Abstract: Chile established between 1970 and 1973 a fixed-price policy for many products eliminated at the end of 1973 following a military coup. We use these pricing policies and their subsequent removal to determine how inflation affects relative price variability under contrasting price regimes and a hyperinflationary environment. We do so using unique monthly data for 23 food products between January 1970 and May 1982. We construct different relative price variability measures and consistently find that the sensitivity of relative price variability to inflation is larger when there is price-fixing.
Fuente: Empirical Economics


text:
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
|Title:||Evolving Possibilistic Fuzzy Modelling|
|Abstract:||This paper suggests an evolving possibilistic approach for fuzzy modelling of time-varying processes. The approach is based on an extension of the well-known possibilistic fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering and functional fuzzy rule-based modelling. Evolving possibilistic fuzzy modelling (ePFM) employs memberships and typicalities to recursively cluster data, and uses participatory learning to adapt the model structure as a stream data is input. The idea of possibilistic clustering plays a key role when the data are noisy and with outliers due to the relaxation of the restriction on membership degrees to add up unity in FCM clustering algorithm. To show the usefulness of ePFM, the approach is addressed for system identification using Box & Jenkins gas furnace data as well as time series forecasting considering the chaotic Mackey-Glass series and data produced by a synthetic time-varying process with parameter drift. The results show that ePFM is a potential candidate for nonlinear time-varying systems modelling, with comparable or better performance than alternative approaches, mainly when noise and outliers affect the data available.|
|Subject:||Possibilistic Fuzzy Clustering|
Fuzzy System Models
|Editor:||Taylor & Francis Ltd|
|Appears in Collections:||Unicamp - Artigos e Outros Documentos|
Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.


text:
Back to Results
Physical Therapist PRN
Fair Oaks Hospital 617250 Part Time 3600 Joseph Siewick Drive, Fairfax, VA, 22033, USApply
Job DescriptionAs a Physical Therapist – Pro Re Nata (PRN) Weekday, you will select evaluation and treatment methods appropriate to the diagnosis, age group and physical/emotional status of patients while formulating appropriate treatment plans. To help achieve our mission, you will demonstrate essential skill competencies in the use of treatment modalities, equipment and protocols. Your ability to perform re-evaluations according to department guidelines, while adjusting treatment plans accordingly, is of vital importance. Adhering to department policies regarding timeframe, form and content of written evaluations, progress notes and discharge summaries is required. Communicating effectively with patients, families, medical staff, healthcare team members, students, supervisors and outside contacts is expected.
- Documents evaluation results clearly and completely while including all essential elements according to department policy.
- Completes daily progress notes that reflect patients' responses to treatment, actual performance and an assessment as to status, relevant to treatment plans, eventual discharge needs and treatment summaries, if needed.
- Completes discharge notes that include a summary of the course of treatment, progress toward goals, discharge needs, recommendations for follow-up and patient and/or family education.
- Documents clearly, concisely and legibly within established timeframes (e.g. allows other therapists to continue treatment, allows for interpretation by payers, supports reimbursements, etc.).
- Documents evidence of patient and family/caregiver education.
- Contacts families, physicians or other healthcare team members in anticipation of special needs of patients and/or families in a timely manner to facilitate effective treatment plans.
- Provides educational materials and methods appropriate to patients' levels of understanding and motivation.
- Includes families/caregivers in education and training when appropriate.
- Demonstrates collaboration in communication with team members while being open to feedback and receptive to change.
- Gives appropriate instruction and supervision to assistive personnel consistent with program/clinic policies and regulatory requirements.
- New graduate physical therapist eligible. One year of experience in acute care preferred.
- Bachelor's of Science, Physical Therapy.
- BLS certified through the American Heart Association.
- Virginia License required upon start.


Artist picture of Pachya
3 fans
PachYa is a Polish singer/songwriter with a universal appeal. Together with German producer Nomagy, she creates irresistible pop music with a positive social message, aiming to unite a fracturing world through the power of music. PachYa's musical journey began when she was only six years old. The ambitious young child was drawn to the piano, which led to her attending the Music School in Bialogard. Equally passionate about singing, she always had a microphone in her hand. After leaving school, she began to explore the worlds of EDM, Pop, Dance, and House music. As a member of many different groups across Europe, she developed a unique hybrid style, appealing to people of many different cultures. Returning to her homeland, PachYa felt distraught about the state of the UK, and the world in general. She poured her emotions into the release of a new single, called "Rebuild This Land". Sung in Polish, Italian, and English, and the song was an immediate hit. The song is the perfect summary of PachYa's personal motto: "My nationality is a human child. My country is the world.


Thread Text into Shapes with Adobe CS5
Adobe Creative Suite 5 (Adobe CS5) Illustrator allows you to create custom columns of text that are in different shapes and sizes by threading closed shapes together. This technique works with rectangles, circles, stars, or any other closed shape and can lead to some creative text areas.
Follow these steps to thread text into shapes:
 1. Create any shape, any size.
 For this example, we've created a circle.
 2. Create another shape (it can be any shape) someplace else on the page.
 3. With the Selection tool, select one shape and Shift-click the other to make just those two shapes active.
 4. Choose Type→Threaded Text→Create.
 A threading line appears indicating the direction of the threaded text.
 Threaded text areas flow from one area to another.
 Threaded text areas flow from one area to another.
 5. Select the Type tool, click the top of the first shape to start the threading, and start typing.
 Continue typing until the text flows over into the other shape.
If you no longer want the text to be threaded, choose Type→Threaded Text→Remove Threading, which eliminates all threading from the text shapes. To remove one or more, but not all, shapes from the threading, select the shape you want to remove from the threading and choose Type→Threaded Text→Release Selection.
 - Add a Comment
 - Print
 - Share
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text:
Mount Isa in the years of WWI was an isolated blip of far-flung pastoral leases, with the occasional prospector finding slim pickings. Yet this district saw its youth leave to sign up for King and Country on the other side of the world, some of whom were stockmen and horse breakers, skills much sought after by the Australian Light Horse.
A war memorial obelisk in George McCoy Park was refurbished in 2005.
It includes the names of locals who served in WWI, WWII and Vietnam.
Mount Isa didn't really 'make the map' until lone gold prospector John Campbell Miles stumbled upon one of the world's richest deposits of copper, silver and zinc during his expedition into the Northern Territory in 1923. Mount Isa Mines was established a year later and the city grew around it.


text:
The accumulation and extrusion of Ca2+ in the preand postsynaptic compartments play a critical role in initiating plastic changes in biological synapses. To emulate this fundamental process in electronic devices, we developed diffusive Ag-in-oxide memristors with a temporal response during and after stimulation similar to that of the synaptic Ca2+ dynamics. In situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle dynamics simulations both demonstrate that Ag atoms disperse under electrical bias and regroup spontaneously under zero bias because of interfacial energy minimization, closely resembling synaptic influx and extrusion of Ca2+, respectively. The diffusive memristor and its dynamics enable a direct emulation of both shortand long-term plasticity of biological synapses, representing an advance in hardware implementation of neuromorphic functionalities.
A new class of memristor were demonstrated as synaptic emulators that function primarily on the basis of diffusion (rather than drift) dynamics. The microscopic nature of both the threshold switching and relaxation of the di usive memristor is revealed for the first time by in situ HRTEM and explained by nanoparticle dynamics simulation.


text:
SACRAMENTO, Calif. — California is the first state to introduce mandatory green building standards after a new policy was created to achieve a statewide goal of 33 percent renewable energy use by 2020 and reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption, and water use.
The building codes, which take effect Jan. 1, 2011, require all buildings to reduce water consumption by 20 percent compared to conventional structures. In addition, nonresidential buildings constructed in 2011 will need separate water meters for indoor and outdoor use, with a requirement for moisture-sensing irrigation systems for larger landscape projects and mandatory inspections of energy systems for nonresidential buildings over 10,000 square feet.
Upon passing a state building inspection, facilities can be labeled by their owners as Calgreen compliant.
Calgreen incorporates all code provisions related to health, safety, fire, energy and structural building requirements already in place, allowing state and local inspectors to easily transition to the new system.
The California Building Standards Commission and other California agencies have been collaborating since 2007 to develop green building standards for residential, commercial and public building construction. The agencies have worked closely with environmentalists, architects, builders, local officials and others to create the new standards.
"With this first-in-the-nation mandatory green building standards code, California continues to pave the way in energy efficiency and environmental protection," says Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger. "Today's action lays the foundation for the move to greener buildings constructed with environmentally advanced building practices that decrease waste, reduce energy use, and conserve resources."
California has a voluntary green building code that has been in effect since 2009. To date, more than 40 cities statewide have adopted green building ordinances.


text:
Educator Resources for Treefrog Treasure
Treefrog Treasure is a platformer game that allows students to practice math concepts as they explore different worlds as a frog character. When certain obstacles are reached, students must properly identify a target symbol, whole number, or fraction on a number line to collect gems and complete the level. Hints are provided to help students reach the correct answer when mistakes are made. The game is a great differentiation tools, as it automatically adjusts to students' performance to provide appropriate levels of mathematical complexity.
For teacher resources, visit Space Science Institute
In this lesson plan which is adaptable for grades 2-5, students will use BrainPOP resources and an online math game to explore fractions and match and/or compare fractional amounts.
Common Core State Standard Alignment:
CCSS.Math.Cont.3.NF.A.2a Represent a fraction 1/b on a number line diagram by defining the interval from 0 to 1 as the whole and partitioning it into b equal parts. Recognize that each part has size 1/b and that the endpoint of the part based at 0 locates the number 1/b on the number line.
CCSS.Math.Cont.3.NF.A.2b Represent a fraction a/b on a number line diagram by marking off a lengths 1/b from 0. Recognize that the resulting interval has size a/b and that its endpoint locates the number a/b on the number line.


Making the right decisions, Staying motivated
Do small changes really make a big difference?
Image credit: iStock/Kikovic
The expression 'one step at a time' can be applied to a lot of different things, including getting healthier. Whether you want to tone up, lose weight or just improve your fitness in general, you've probably been told to take things one step at a time.
The idea is that small changes can all add up to big differences, but is this really case? After all, wouldn't it be better to just go big or go home as this will help you achieve your goals faster?
While you may not believe it, small changes really do add up over time, meaning that it is worth taking things slowly and fully managing what you're changing in order to reach your targets. If you don't believe us, read on to see what big differences your little changes can make.
Step by step is easier to manage
It doesn't matter if you're changing the way you eat or trying to exercise more, changing this bit by bit is the best way to do it. Subtle changes, such as eating more vegetables or walking more, help to provide a foundation for other lifestyle alterations you'll make.
It is much easier to get to the gym every day if you start off by walking more or swimming regularly, as these low-impact exercises help to build up strength and endurance, as well as get you into a routine. They will help make larger changes easier to manage, leading to a better chance of success in the long-run.
Similarly, making small changes with food will mean you have a better chance of sticking to a diet rather than suddenly deciding to cut everything out all at once.
You'll find it less stressful
Changing anything to do with your health can be stressful, especially if you try to do too much at once. You may be able to stick to a big change at the start – such as hitting the gym on a daily basis – but this can soon take its toll and leave you feeling mentally and physically exhausted.
The more stressed you become, the greater chance there is of you cheating on your diet or starting to skip workouts more often, which can see you backslide quite quickly. Instead, the ease with which you can fit small changes into your routine will help to reduce the chances that you get stressed out.
Not only will this increase your chances of success, it also means that you'll have fewer issues when it comes to making another small change. This means you're able to build on your achievements and will soon meet your goals.
There is less impact on your lifestyle
One of the major problems with big changes is that you often end up needing to alter your daily routine or larger parts of your lifestyle in order to accommodate them. This can be incredibly difficult to do and mean that it is harder to keep up with them, as other things will get in the way.
Again, this increases your chances of not achieving what you set out to, which can ultimately see you give up. However, taking things one step at a time means that small changes can be fit around your daily schedule so you aren't having to change everything to accommodate them.
Maintaining your lifestyle and routine – such as still going out with friends and not getting home from work ridiculously late – will ensure you see results but still get to do the things you love. While you may sacrifice time watching TV for lifting weights or swap a bar of chocolate for a piece of fruit, these are easy to manage.
It all adds up
Yes, simply walking more or eating extra vegetables may not seem like it will do you as much as good as spending hours at the gym each day or cutting out all carbohydrates and sugar, but the differences all add up.
Huge changes like a full diet overhaul aren't sustainable so you'll likely burn out and go back to your old ways or at least cheat a lot more as you're depriving yourself of things you love. In comparison eating more fresh fruit and vegetables and drinking more water will give you more energy, leave you feeling fuller for longer and help you cut down on foods that don't do you any good. This will see you lose weight in a safe and manageable way, meaning you're more likely to maintain your weight loss.
Similarly, those few extra steps each day help you burn more calories, improve your endurance and benefit your health. You'll find you can walk further and further each day, building on your success. It will also allow you to start exercising in other ways as you go on without causing you pain or discomfort.
Every little change you make adds up to a big difference that is easier to stick with in the long-run. Large changes may show you more short-term wins, but if you're in it for the long haul, it's best to remember that slow and steady wins the race.
Related posts:
Could souping be the new juicing?
Health and fitness trends that are going to rule 2017
Why are rest days so important?
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Visualization Variable Descriptions
Zoomdata uses default values provided in a data source configuration to determine how that data source displays a particular chart. Each variable required by the chart, such as "X Axis" or "Group by", is provided its default value which is recorded in an object in the source configuration. These variables point to fields in the data source so that, for instance, "Y Axis" might draw its values from the field "sales_price". When embedding a visualization in a chart, you can provide it with a variables key, the value of which lists the chart's variables and the settings that you want for them.
This topic is a reference that explains the syntax of each type of variable description. For information about using these variable descriptions to override a chart's default settings, see Configuring Charts via Visualization Variables . For information about embedding a chart in a custom web application, see Embedding a Chart in Your Web Page.
Example of a Variables Key and Value
Here is an example of a variables object for the packed bubbles chart.
variables: {
'Bubble Size': 'count',
'Chart Name': '',
'Bubble Color': 'price:avg:{"autoShowColorLegend":true}',
'Chart Description': '',
'Group By': '{ "name":"usergender", "limit":20, "sort": {"name": "count", "dir": "desc"} }'
}
In the example above, there are some important features described in the following notes.
Notes:
 - 'Bubble Size': 'count',: The count metric is a system metric provided by Zoomdata. Its default UI label is "Volume". This metric does not require or accept function.
 - 'Chart Name': '',: Chart Name is an example of an optional constant. It can be left null.
 - 'Bubble Color': 'price:avg:{"autoShowColorLegend":true}',: Here, Bubble Color is an example of a metric variable used to control a chart's colors. The stringified value is not a standard JSON object.
 - price is the field (column) from the data source used as the metric value.
 - avg is the aggregation function applied to the metric value. Available functions are listed in Supported Aggregation Functions.
 - {"autoShowColorLegend":true} is an example of a color-control object. Color-control objects have two purposes.
 1. They control the assignment of colors to the elements of a chart.
 2. They control the display of labels, legends, and so forth in the Zoomdata client application. These parts of a color control object do not affect the embedding of a chart in your custom application.
 - If you omit the color-control object, also omit the second colon (:) in the string.
 - If the metric is count, which does not accept or require a function, omit the function and simply use two colons (::) to separate count from the color-control object if there is a color-control object, for example:
 'Color Metric' : 'count::{"colorSet":"ZoomSequential"}'
 - 'Group By': '{ "name":"usergender", "limit":20, "sort": {"name": "count", "dir": "desc"} }': Here, Group By is an example of a grouped query. Its value is a stringified group object just like the ones used in query configurations.
Chart Variables
Zoomdata's Embedding API supports the following types of chart variables.
The JSON objects that describe them are subject to change and they should be considered part of Zoomdata's internal APIs. For more information about using internal APIs, see Cautionary Note About Internal APIs.
For an explanation of how to use the chart variables described below to configure an embedded visualization, see Configuring Charts via Visualization Variables .
Grouped Query
Used for making aggregated group-bys from a field (column of data). The grouped query variable's description follows the same format as a group in the Query Configuration Object.
'Buying Demographic': '{ "name":"usergender", "limit":20, "sort": {"name":"count","dir":"desc"} }'
Where:
 - Buying Demographic is the name of the grouped query
 - name specifies the field ID of the group.
 - limit identifies the maximum number of groups to be aggregated
 - sort contains another simple object
 - name specifies the field ID to be used for sorting the groups
 - dir identifies the direction of sorting, either asc for ascending order or desc for descending order
Multi-Group
Provides multiple levels of grouping under a single header. A multi-group variable is a stringified array of grouped queries. Each of the listed groups is described in the same manner as a group in the Query Configuration Object.
'Multi Group By': '[ {"name":"usergender", "limit":50, "sort":{"name":"count","dir":"desc"}}, {"name":"group", "limit":20, "sort": {"name":"count","dir":"desc"}} ]'
For a description of the elements in the array, see the description of a Grouped Query.
Histogram Group
The histogram group variable type provides a breakdown of metric values by segments, or bins, for example, incomes from $0 to $10000, $10001 to $30000, $30001 to $55000, and so forth. The histogram group is only supported by data sources that also support histogram charts.
'Bins Color': '#1f78b4',
'Cumulative Line Color': '#ff7f00',
'Chart Name': '',
'Chart Description': '',
'Group By': '{ "binsType":"auto","binsCount":10,"binsWidth":100,"values":"absolute","cumulative":false,"name":"datenumberpattern"}" }'
Where:
 - Bins Color is a constant value
 - Cumulative Line Color is a constant value
 - Chart Name is a constant value
 - Chart Description is a constant value
 - Group By is a histogram group object. This object is not used elsewhere in Zoomdata and it specifies the properties of the distribution "bins" into which metric values are gathered.
Metric
Provides a measurement of some aggregation. Metric variables require the name of the field (column) of the data source that provides the values for that chart variable, together with the function applied to the values. For example:
"Transaction Value": "saleprice:avg"
Where:
 - Transaction Value is the name of the metric variable
 - salepriceis the name of the field (column) holding the data for the variable
 - avg is the aggregation function applied to the metric. In this case, as Transaction Value data is grouped, the average saleprice will be queried.
For a list of available aggregation functions, see Supported Aggregation Functions .
Multi-Metric
Provides a group of measurements under a single header. Multi-metric variables require a space-separated list of the field names (columns) from the data source that provide the values for that chart variable, together with the function applied to the values, separated by colon. For example:
"Model Stats": "costperunit:avg priceperunit:avg sales:sum"
Where:
 - Model Stats is the name of the multi-metric variable.
 - costperunit,priceperunit, and sales are each the name of a field (column) containing a metric value in the data source.
 - avg and sumare the functions applied to those metrics so that costperunit and priceperunit are of those values and sales is a sum total of its values.
Box Plot Metric
Provides data in a bundled package suitable for the high-performance rendering of box plot diagrams. The box plot metric variable is only supported by data sources that also support box plot charts. To find out if your data source supports box plot charts, see Data Connector Reference.
'Metric': '{"name":"datenumberpattern","func":"percentiles","args":[0,25,50,75,100]}',
'Group By': '{"name":"gender","limit":50,"sort":{"dir":"desc","name":"count"}}'
Where:
 - Metric is a metric object (see Query Configuration Object ) with an additional key, args , which specifies the box plot's distribution boundaries, given in percentiles. For instance, [0,25,50,75,100] indicates that the boxes should show first (0-25), second (25-50, third (50-75), and fourth (75-100) quartiles.
 - Group By is an example of a standard group object


While working on a number of classifieds websites I have encountered an interesting phenomenon, which I would like to share with you. I have called it "landing page lifecycle", and in this case it concerns ad details pages on classifieds websites. However, I think that it applies to any landing page of temporary character (like news, articles, discussions).
Traffic patterns for date-sensitive landing pages
During the advanced analysis of the traffic sources and landing pages for one of the classifieds websites (Morusek.pl) I have noticed that the traffic once gathered around a single ad details page eventually decreases in time. It is even more visible, if you gather the traffic for a number of pages that were created in a short period of time. Below, you'll find some examples:
Non-paid search traffic through pages (ads) created between June the 13th and June the 21st, 2011:
Non-paid search traffic through pages (ads) created between May the 29th and June the 6st, 2011:
Non-paid search traffic through pages (ads) created between May the 13th and May the 21st, 2011:
As you can see, the behavior is very similar for different date intervals. In all the above-mentioned examples the traffic first sharply increases, reaches its maximum, and then gradually decreases to 15%-20% of the initial weekly numbers.
I have also combined the data for 10 different sets of dates to obtain more objective general trends:
And again, there's almost instantaneous traffic increase and just after a week it starts decreasing. Firstly very fast, then it slows down. After one month there's only 30%-40% traffic left. After two months it is only 20%. After 3-4 months the traffic decreases to ca. 10%-15% of the initial values.
Behavior analysis
Of course there is no mystery behind such a rapid traffic increase at the beginning. It takes Google up to 24 hours until an ad gets indexed and just after that time it can be ranked and gain the traffic. But why is the traffic decreasing?
If we analyse the traffic page by page and phrase by phrase, we can find the three following types of behavior for every time-sensitive landing page.
The survivors
As we can see from the above graphs, the traffic decreases down only to reach some value. Usually it is 10-15% within 4-6 months. It means that there must be some landing pages that somehow resist the decrease. Those are the pages that are either linked from external sources and manage to gain good link popularity, or those that are optimized for keywords of very low competition. Below there is an example of the traffic for 5 landing pages (above) and 5 corresponding groups of key phrases (below).
External competition
Some landing pages are not so fortunate. They are optimized for phrases that are quite competitive and it may appear that just after several days there are similar ads created on other websites. As a result old pages loose rankings because the other are more up-to-date. In this case both the traffic for selected landing pages and the number of visits for related keywords decrease to 0:
Internal keyword cannibalization
There is also a third type of landing pages. These ads are optimized for phrases that are competitive also in case of other pages within the website. If Google finds a new page that is optimized for the same phrase, it selects the more up-to-date page for SERPs. As a result the traffic for the old landing pages decreases, however the traffic for related phrases remains on the same level:
The above-mentioned data is a good example of how Google promotes fresh pages on SERPs and how that influences the turnover of landing pages and the traffic. However, it also shows how "fragile" the time-sensitive landing pages are. They can drive the traffic for 2-3 weeks, and then they are gone, substituted by fresh ones.


Battle of Meadow Bridge
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Battle of Meadow Bridge
Part of the American Civil War
Date May 12, 1864
Location Henrico County, Virginia
Result Union victory
Commanders and leaders
Philip Sheridan Fitzhugh Lee
Casualties and losses
170[1] not reported
The Battle of Meadow Bridge (also known as Meadow Bridges and the Battle of Richmond Heights) was an engagement on May 12, 1864, in Henrico County, Virginia, during Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's Overland Campaign of the American Civil War. Following their victory at the Battle of Yellow Tavern on May 11, Union cavalry under Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan advanced in the direction of the Confederate capital of Richmond. Caught in the narrow area between the fortifications of Richmond and the rain-swollen Chickahominy River, the Union troopers were subjected to fire from the artillery of Confederate Maj. Gen. Fitzhugh Lee. Michigan cavalry under Brig. Gen. George A. Custer forced a crossing of a damaged railroad bridge, which was quickly rebuilt by engineers, allowing the troopers to escape to safety and continue their raid.
On May 11, 1864, Sheridan and his Union cavalry force, on the second day of a daring raid against Richmond, defeated Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart at the Battle of Yellow Tavern, mortally wounding the storied Confederate cavalier.[2] Sheridan led his troops southward towards Richmond, carefully feeling his way through the abandoned outer defensive works. As darkness fell, a severe thunderstorm drenched the column, but Sheridan kept up his movement down the Brook Pike, not realizing that he was boxing himself into a potential trap. Confederates had left torpedoes (land mines) in the road—many exploded during the passage, killing several horses but not delaying the column further.[3] As dawn broke and the storm subsided, Sheridan found himself only two and half miles from his objective. However, to his dismay, the intermediate defenses in his front swarmed with enemy troops. His left flank was against the swollen Chickahominy, and Confederate cavalry threatened his rear, hoping to capture the Union force.[4]
Sheridan decided to force a crossing of the river at Meadow Bridge, where the Virginia Central Railroad crossed the river. Confederates had earlier dismantled the flooring on the road part of the bridge, rendering it temporarily useless, although the rest of the bridge was intact. Sheridan assigned the Michigan brigade of Brig. Gen. George A. Custer, part of Brig. Gen. Wesley Merritt's division, to seize the span and the high bluffs beyond. The rest of Sheridan's command had to hold the Confederates at bay while Custer executed his orders. The other two brigades in Merritt's division, commanded by Colonels Thomas C. Devin and Alfred Gibbs, guarded the center of the Union line to protect against Confederate advances out of the Richmond fortifications. On the western end of the Union line, near Brook Church, the division of Brig. Gen. David McM. Gregg had to resist the advance of Brig. Gen. James B. Gordon's brigade. On the eastern and, Brig. Gen. James H. Wilson was to oppose any Confederate advances along Meadow Bridge road and Mechanicsville Pike.[5]
The rearguard of the Gregg's division was assailed on three sides as soon as it was light enough for a brigade of Confederate infantry to sally forth from the fortifications and attack. Soon, other Confederates, including Richmond citizens hastily pressed into military service, joined in the efforts to break through the rear lines. According to the regimental historian of the veteran 1st Pennsylvania Cavalry,
Every effort was made by the enemy to break the lines of our division and push us back into the river and swamp. But as often as he came up, he was driven back with heavy loss. The fighting continued thus, the enemy charging, time after time, only to be hurled back, until about eleven A.M., when, apparently completely disheartened by his repeated repulses, he withdrew...[6]
Wilson's men were initially pushed back in some confusion, but Gregg had concealed a heavy line of skirmishers armed with repeating carbines in a brushy ravine. His men poured forth a destructive fire, halting the final Confederate advances, assisted by some of Wilson's men who turned the flank of the attacking column. Federal horse artillery made sure that the Confederate infantry no longer was a threat, and three mounted cavalry regiments skirmished with approaching enemy cavalry, turning them aside and protecting the rear. Brig. Gen. Gordon was mortally wounded in the fighting and died on May 18.[7]
In the meantime, Custer's 5th Michigan Cavalry used snipers to suppress Confederate rifle fire while several daring dismounted troopers crossed the damaged railroad bridge, hopping from railroad tie to tie while menaced by persistent enemy artillery fire. Followed by the 6th Michigan, they succeeded in the early afternoon in clearing the north bank of the Chickahominy and gaining a foothold on the Confederate side of the river. Custer's men pinned down the remaining threatening enemy units and captured two artillery pieces, while pioneers energetically planked the bridge to provide safe passage for large numbers of men and horses. By mid-afternoon, Merritt's entire division had crossed and engaged the hastily-built Confederate works on Richmond Heights, driving the defenders back to Gaines's Mill. By 4 p.m., the rest of Sheridan's cavalry had crossed the river.[8]
Sheridan destroyed the Virginia Central Bridge in his wake to prevent further pursuit. For the balance of the day, Sheridan's men collected their wounded, buried their dead, grazed their horses in the pastures, and eagerly read Richmond newspapers, which two enterprising small boys had brought across the lines and sold to the Union soldiers.[3]
After his men had rested, Sheridan brushed aside the remaining Confederate resistance in the area and marched his column to Mechanicsville, out of harm's way. They bivouacked that night at Gaines's Mill, which was burned the following morning by some of the stragglers; Sheridan ordered a bucket brigade to douse the flames. Upon reaching Bottom's Bridge over the Chickahominy, they found it had also been damaged and rested there for the night while it was repaired. By this time, Sheridan's men were suffering from hunger and it was becoming urgent that they reach Union lines. On May 14, he led his men to Haxall's Landing on the James River, ending his raid.[9]
Sheridan reported 170 casualties for the Meadow Bridges, Mechanicsville, Strawberry Hill, Brook Church (or Richmond Fortifications), engagements, May 12, 1864.[1] Confederate losses are not recorded. Sheridan's raid was an overall tactical success, having killed Jeb Stuart at Yellow Tavern and beaten Fitzhugh Lee at Meadow Bridge, all with relatively minimal casualties—about 625 men for the entire raid, compared to 800 Confederate. From a strategic standpoint, however, the raid deprived General Grant of the cavalry resources that would have been helpful during the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House and his subsequent advance to the North Anna River, and there are lingering questions about whether Sheridan should have attempted to assault the city of Richmond. In the latter case, Sheridan believed it would not have been worth the risk in casualties and he recognized that the chances of holding the city for more than a brief time would be minimal; any advantages would primarily result from damage to Confederate morale.[10]
 1. ^ a b O.R., Series I, Vol. XXXVI, Part 1, p. 185.
 2. ^ Salmon, pp. 279-83.
 3. ^ a b Sheridan's report, O.R., Series I, Vol. XXXVI, Part 1, p. 791.
 4. ^ Rhea, pp. 44-47.
 5. ^ Rhea, p. 45.
 6. ^ History of the 1st Pennsylvania Cavalry, pp. 93-94.
 7. ^ Rhea, pp. 47-49, 53, 62.
 8. ^ Rhea, pp. 49-51.
 9. ^ Rhea, pp. 59-60.
 10. ^ Rhea, pp. 60-64, 219.
Coordinates: 37°36′45″N 77°24′26″W / 37.6125°N 77.4073°W / 37.6125; -77.4073


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How To Grow Capers: Learn About Growing And Caring For Caper Plants
What are capers and how are they used? Capers, unopened flower buds found on the caper bush, are the culinary darlings of many cuisines. Capers can be found in European foods and in those of Africa and India as well, where cultivation of growing capers is found. Growing a caper bush, however, is not an easy task.
What are Capers?
Caper plants (Capparis spinosa) are usually found growing wild in the Mediterranean in dry stony areas similar to those where olives are grown. Capers grow in viney brambles, much like blackberries do in North America. Cultivation of a caper bush is most often found in Spain and Africa, but in the past, Southern Russia was also an exporter.
Growing capers are, as mentioned, the buds of a shrub-like perennial (3 to 5 feet (1 to 1.5 m.) high), which has a multitude of spiny branches bearing 2-inch (5 cm.) white flowers with purple stamens.
What are Capers Used For?
So how are capers used? The tiny buds of the caper bush, or Capparis spinosa, are picked on a daily basis and then pickled in vinegar or otherwise brined in salt. The resulting flavor of the caper berry is strong and distinct–like that of mustard and black pepper–due to its concentration of mustard oil, which is released when the plant tissue is crushed.
This piquant flavor and aroma lends itself well to a variety of sauces, pizzas, fish meats, and salads. The immature leaves growing on a caper bush may even be eaten as a cooked vegetable and the burnt remnants of the growing caper bush roots have been utilized as a salt substitute. Caper fruits (caperberry, capperone, or taperone) may be used in making caper-flavored sauces or sometimes pickled for eating like small gherkins.
A caper bush also has medicinal uses. Growing capers may be harvested to aid in eliminating flatulence, improving liver function, or for its anti-rheumatic effects. An age-old remedy, growing capers have also been reputed to be useful in treating arteriosclerosis, kidney ailments, diuretics, anemia, arthritis, gout, and dropsy.
How to Grow Capers from Seed
Growing a caper bush can be achieved via propagation from seed, although finding a seed source is more of a challenge. If seed for growing capers is located, one may try growing them in a large pot with a base of coarse rock or crumbled brick. Take care not to overwater as the plant's foliage is a natural water conservator.
Caper seeds are very tiny and germinate readily but in low percentiles. Dried seeds are more difficult to germinate and should be soaked for one day in warm water, then wrapped in damp towel, sealed in a jar and refrigerated for two to three months. Post refrigeration, re-soak seeds overnight and then plant at a depth of 0.5 inches (1 cm.) in a well drained medium.
How to Grow Capers from Cuttings
Collect growing caper berry cuttings in February, March, or April using basal portions with six to ten buds.
For growing a caper bush, seat cuttings in a loose, well-draining soil medium with a heat source at the base. Dipping the stem cutting in a bit of rooting hormone first is also beneficial.
Caring for Caper Plants
Caring for caper plants requires a steady stream of strong sunlight and an arid climate. Growing caper plants have a hardiness range similar to olive trees (18 degrees F. or -8 degrees C.) and can also tolerate summer temperatures of over 105 degrees F. (41 degrees C.).
When growing a caper bush, the plant itself is quite tolerant and develops deep root systems, to better avail itself of its resources in a difficult environment.
When harvesting, size matters. Growing capers are divided into five distinct groups. When growing a caper bush, buds are picked at the immature stage and categorized according to size: nonpareils, capuchins, capotes, seconds, and thirds—with the nonpareils being the most prized — and most expensive. In Italy, capers are graded on a scale from 7 to 16, which indicates their size in millimeters.
What are capers and how are they used? Capers, unopened flower buds found on the caper bush, are the culinary darlings of many cuisines. Read here for tips on growing a caper bush.
How to grow capers
How to grow capers
Mature caper bushes can grow three feet high and spread four or five feet. They require dry heat and intense sunlight to flourish. They will be killed by temperatures below 20 degrees F. In the north, bring the plants inside during the winter or just grow them in pots in a greenhouse. Seeds are dormant and notoriously difficult to germinate. You can just try starting the seeds, but the following technique will give the best success (40-50%).
Soak the seeds in warm water for 24 hours. Put seeds in a wet towel, seal in a plastic bag and leave in the refrigerator for 6-8 weeks. Remove, soak again in warm water for 24 hours. Plant seeds 3/8 inch deep (lcm) in a mixture of potting soil/perlite/sand (50/25/25%). Use 4-6″ pots and put 4-5 seeds per pot. Seeds should germinate in 3-4 weeks. Grow until 3-5″ tall. Save the best plant; cut the rest with a scissors(don 't just pull them out). When transplanting, disturb the root as little as possible. For northem gardeners, when transplanting, protect plant from elements until it has taken (cover with plastic bag for the first 3-4 days, then cut top of the bag to admit some of the elements and leave a week, then remove entire bag) or use row covers. While not the easiest plant to grow, it is worth the effort to harvest and make your own capers.
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How to grow capers How to grow capers Mature caper bushes can grow three feet high and spread four or five feet. They require dry heat and intense sunlight to flourish. They will be killed


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What Is Hinduism?
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A Major Issue In Mauritius
Mauritian Hindus are very religious. They are devoted to the ancient traditions and culture. Yet, many non-Hindu practices have found their way into the local Hindu way of life. What happens, for instance, when a person dies in the local community?
Though many Hindus believe in cremation, it is quite a normal for the Hindus of Mauritius to have the corpses of their family buried in cemeteries. Burying corpses in coffins is a purely Christian practice. This is done because Christians believe that on Doomsday all the dead will be brought to life from the graveyards. According to the Biblical beliefs, the deeds of the "dead" would at this time be weighed on a scale. If the good deeds outweighed the bad ones, the soul would go to Heaven. If the bad ones are heavier, the soul would go to Hell. That is why Christians are so anxious to have their dead buried in graveyards. But why do the Hindus also do this? Do Hindu scriptures recommend funerals in graveyards? Do the Vedas, Agamas, Tirumantiram or Bhagavat Gita lay stress on funerals in graveyards? No. Yet, Hindus have come to follow this misleading practice.
But not all Hindus follow this pattern, despite the western influence. Many are following the traditional path of Hinduism and consider orthodox Hindu rituals and cremation a must. Many cremation grounds have been built for Hindus with both private and state help. Such grounds are scattered all over the island.
Something worth noting about Hindus who practice the burying of the dead is their participation in the "All Soul's Day" observance. On the first of November of each year parents, friends and relatives go to the cemetery to gather at the tombs of their cherished dear. Many Hindus also go to the cemetery on this day to pay homage to their dead. They bring with them bouquets of flowers to be placed on the tombs.
When asked why he was observing this practice, one Hindu told Hinduism Today, "My cherished parent won't weep if I offer him flowers on this day. He is expecting us to bring flowers to him. So, we must do it to keep him happy."
What does Hinduism prescribe here? Hindus believe in the cremation of the body upon death. We believe in reincarnation, that the soul has not merely one birth on the earth but many through which it matures and evolves until all karmas are resolved. Still, there are instances where many Hindus drift away from the Hindu path due to Christian influences. Is there a solution to remedy this situation? Hindus have to be taught basic Hindu laws. Everything starts from a basis. If a basis is strong, the superstructure can be strong.
In Mauritius, though we have many orthodox Hindus, some Hindu intellectuals find Hinduism ordinary. Many of these intellectuals are products of western universities. They are just Hindu by appearance. They interpret Hinduism in the light of their western education which is primarily opinionated knowledge. Even those who have attended well established secondary schools behave in the same way. They look down upon Hindu beliefs.
One can only interpret, teach or write about Hinduism when one lives like a Hindu. One cannot interpret this age-old philosophy if one is attached to western beliefs and values. Hindus in Mauritius should be really proud of their Hindu heritage. It is only then that they can lead others to understand and respect it.
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The Sri Lankan Advanced Level (A-level), is a General Certificate of Education (GCE) qualification exam in Sri Lanka, similar to the British Advanced Level, conducted annually by the Department of Examinations of the Ministry of Education. It is usually taken by students during the optional final two years of collegiate level (Grade 12 and 13), after they have completed GCE Ordinary Level exams. The qualification also serves as an entrance requirement for Sri Lankan state universities. The exams are held in three mediums: Sinhala, Tamil and English.
The candidates are expected to study for 2 years at collegiate level before taking the examination. The examination diversifies over 5 major fields of study:
- Physical Science stream (Combined mathematics, Physics and Chemistry or information technology )
- Biological Science stream (Biology (Botany and Zoology), Physics or Agricultural Science and Chemistry)
- Commerce stream
- Arts stream
- Technology stream (Engineering Technology)
- Technology stream (Bio-system Technology)
In each stream, candidates are expected to face 3 subjects related to the specific stream. Additionally, there would be a General English test and a Common General test. Although the result of the General English test is not taken into account for the University Entrance selection criteria, candidates are expected to obtain a pass mark for the Common General test.
At Zahira College, Technology stream and agricultural science is not currently offered but Vocational stream is offered.
Results analysis available for: