milfordacademy (milfordacademy) wrote in ohnotheydidnt,
ONTD Original: Celebrities Who Are Terrible at Geography
Is Geography a struggle for you? You are (sadly) not alone. Here are some celebrities who are terrible at basic Geography.
1. Taylor Momsen
During a gig, said that "Glasgow is the craziest crowd in all of England".
Learn something from this:
Glasgow is a city in Scotland (but not the capital! That's Edinburgh). Scotland and England are both countries in the United Kingdom.
2. Lady Gaga
When playing a show in Dublin in 2012, Lady Gaga told the crowd she was "delighted to be back in the UK".
Learn something from this: Dublin is the capital of Ireland, a country which is not part of the UK (England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland).
3. Britney Spears
Learn something from this: Britney is from the US. Canada is not overseas from the US; the countries share a border, in fact. Japan is in Asia. Fish is indeed pretty popular there, but people also eat many other things.
4. Paris Hilton
"I love Africa in general. South Africa and West Africa. They are both great countries."
Learn something from this: South Africa is indeed a country, but West Africa is a subregion in the continent of Africa. Here's a map.
5. Kim Kardashian
Learn something from this: Botswana is a country. South Africa is also a country. They are both in the continent of Africa.
6. Xtina
"Where's the Cannes Film Festival being held this year?"
Learn something from this: Cannes is a city in France. That's where the Cannes Film Festival is held, every year.
7. Justin Bieber
Justin Bieber tried to list all the continents in the world to David Letterman. They are, according to him, Asia, North America, South America, Africa, Antarctica, the North Pole, Canada, Australia and Europe.
Learn something from this: Different countries/education systems teach the continents differently. In my education system, it was Europe, Asia, Africa, Oceania, Antarctica and America. However, there is a lot of variation, which is why some people refer to the continent of Oceania as just "Australia", for example, or divide America into 2 continents (North & South). Some systems also consider "Eurasia" as just one continent. But FYI the North Pole and Canada aren't continents in any system.
Bonus: book recs
Did your education system fail you? You can still learn, if you are willing. Doubling down on ignorance ain't cute, and pretending that "everyone else" also doesn't know basic facts might make you feel better, but won't make you more knowledgeable (also, it's just not true). Here's some book recs for people interested in learning more about geography (and some history and politics, too). See if your local library has them!
Sources: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Tags: books / authors, britney spears, christina aguilera, justin bieber, kardashian / jenner, lady gaga, list, ontd original, paris hilton, taylor momsen
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text:
What Is A Protocol?
A protocol gives a set of rules and steps to follow before court proceedings. The UK Courts have created protocols for each type of claim. Some examples of these are:
- The Housing Disrepair Protocol
- The Personal Injury Protocol
- The Professional Negligence Protocol
Each protocol sets out what the court expects the parties to achieve before the claim is brought before the Courts.
What Does A Protocol Cover?
As a Claimant, you must follow the relevant protocol. The Court can impose sanctions or costs penalties if you don't.The protocol for each type of claim is different. But, they usually have some common elements:
- You as a claimant must send a detailed letter of claim to the defendant. This letter will start the claim, say what type of claim it is, and the letter will start the protocol.
- The Defendant must acknowledge the claim in writing.
- The Defendant is then given a set period to investigate the claim. This can be problematic as sometimes the investigation periods can be quite lengthy.
- By the last day of the investigation period, the Defendant will send a detailed letter of response. In that letter the Defendant must either admit or deny the claim.
- If the Defendant admits the claim, both parties will then attempt to agree a settlement. This would not need court action.
- If the Defendant denies the claim, they are usually required to do something called Disclosure. This means they share copies of all documents in their possession which might be relevant to the claim. This should to include all relevant documents, including those which are unhelpful to the Defendant. But, defendants don't always follow this rule. So, we are sometimes required to make a court application to enforce full disclosure.
What Happens to Your Claim?
Many claims are settled by negotiation during the protocol period. If so, then the claim ends and the case is closed.
If the claim is not settled, you will have to decide what to do next. After considering all the disclosure and evidence we have gathered, the claim will be closed if it no longer appears to be a good one. But, if we still consider it to be a good claim, you will have to decide what to do next if you still wish to assert your rights.
Still Have Questions?
If you still have questions, please feel free to get in touch with Chris Rudd Solicitors.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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It conatins accurate other and similar related words for siren songs in English. siren song (noun) An enticing but dangerous appeal, especially a misleading one. allurement, bait, come-on, enticement, lure, temptation, turn-on. Synonyms for Siren's Song in Free Thesaurus. ambush. "siren song." What are synonyms for Siren's Song? GRAMMAR. n. An enticing plea or appeal, especially one that is deceptively alluring. traduction siren song dans le dictionnaire Anglais - Francais de Reverso, voir aussi'siren',siren call',siren',sir', conjugaison, expressions idiomatiques Information about siren song in the dictionary, synonyms and antonyms. What are another words for Siren song? 5 Dec. 2020. It was originally released under the "green label" for Diamond Records and was later released under the Junior Boys Own label. 'He heard the siren song of Hollywood, and swam to its shores, blissfully unaware of the jagged critical rocks beneath him.' 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Mule 3 Architecture, Part 2: Introducing the Message Processor
September 27 2010
7 comments 0
In my last post I went back to basics and talked about how integration systems are built using messaging and explained the motivation for the architectural changes in Mule 3.0. Now I've set the stage and clearly explained the "Why?" we are ready to talk about the "What?"; the architectural changes themselves.
In this post we'll zoom in and look, more concretely, at how the Pipes and Filters style is used for message processing in Mule 3's with some API snippets to really bring things down to earth.
From Architectural Style to API
Let's start my revisiting the definition of the Pipes and Filters architectural style:
 - A Filter can be thought of as a black-box processing unit with a single entry-point that receives a message and processes before making the result of this processing available.
 - A Pipe simply represents the connections between Filters such that result of Filter n is passed onto and used as the the input of Filter n + 1.
This architectural style can be used in distributed fashion where each Filter can potentially be located in different places, on different hardware or operating systems. It can also be used within a single system as a way of architecting a very flexible and modular design; and this is the model we have used for Mule's internal architecture.
Mule's architecture needs to allow you to chain and compose Filters in order to implement and expose message processing flows. In it's simplest form the chaining of Filters is all done in a single virtual machine and no explicit pipes need to exist. The way I chose to implement this was to use the Decorator variant of the Intercepting Filter pattern where each filter has a reference to the next filter. The reason for the use of this variant is that it better supports the forking of message flows and runtime resolution of the next Filter as compared to the variant that uses a Chain object and iterates over the Filters.
interceptingfilterWhile pipes don't explicitly exist, they can very easily be added as required by simply implementing the same Filter interface. This technique could easily be used to transparently add message queuing between filters or more explicitly to distribute a flow.
The MessageProcessor
We choose to call our implementation of the Filter "Message Processor" for two reasons. Firstly because it more accurately describes the application of Filters in the context of Mule and secondly to prevent any confusion with message filtering or the interfaces we currently have for filtering messages.
As you can see from the interface below the MessageProcessor interface is very simple:
This is the single identical filter interface I talked about in the last blog post. It defines a single process method that is called with a MuleEvent. The return value is also a MuleEvent and this is the result of the invocation. A MuleEvent encapsulates the message that is being processed with additional context information such as the inbound endpoint, security credentials etc. In Mule 3 you'll notice that almost everything that does anything with a message now implements this interface.
In the Building Blocks page of the Mule 3 User Guide you'll find information about the different types of message processor that can be used with Mule organized by category.
Where do messages come from? The MessageSource!
I said that almost everything in Mule 3 now implements MessageProcessor. One of the few things that are not MessageProcessors are inbound endpoints. Why not? Because they do not process messages but rather act as sources of messages. We could potentially also have other types of message sources in the future too. A message source may receive or generate messages in different ways depending on their implementation means, but from the perspective of the rest of the flow it is just a source.
The MessageSource interface is simply one that allows a MessageProcessor listener to be set as you can see below. This listener may be a single MessageProcessor, or a chain of MessageProcessors: this does not matter and neither does the source need to know, that's the beauty of this model.
Let's create a chain…
Ok, so we now have the MessageProcessor and the MessageSource, and a MessageProcessor can be set as a MessageSource listener connecting them. This is all great, but it doesn't allow us to chain two or more message processors as described above. The chosen approach does not rely on iterating through a list of MessageProcessors but rather relies on each MessageProcessor knowing which MessageProcessor comes next. What this comes down to is that each MessageProcessors needs to be MessageSources too. So thats what we have, the InterceptingMessageProcessor that implements both MessageProcessor and a MessageSource.
An InterceptingMessageProcessor is used where the next item in the chain is known when the chain is created, otherwise alternative MessageProcessor implementations can be used determine the next message processor to be used in runtime. One example of where this is message routing.
How about routing?
With the above interfaces we can easily chain together as many MessageProcessors as we like but you'll notice that an InterceptingMessageProcessor, as it is a MessageSource, only has a single listener. This allows us to filter the flow or proxy the next MessageProcessor, but not route to a processor resolved in runtime or to multiple processors.
A MessageRouter by definition has multiple possible routes and is responsible for choosing which route should be used to continue message processing of a particular message. The MessageRouter interface below is a MessageProcessor (of course) but rather than allowing a single listener to be set, it allows multiple routes to be added (or removed).
MessageRouter implementations determine which route(s) should be used.
The quickest and easiest way to summarize is with a UML class diagram 🙂
What next?
I don't have another post for this series planned but if there is anything people would like me to cover I'm quite happy to cover it, just let me know via a comment.
Anyhow, now we've learnt about the streamlined architecture and it's API you are probably wondering what this means to you the user. we have a couple of blog posts on the way for you.
 - Configuring Message Processors on Endpoints describes how endpoints have been made more extensible and configurable using Message Processors.
 - Going with the in Mule 3" will describe and explain how to use the new construct in Mule 3 that allows you to build flow's how you want.
I'm sure others will also follow…
We'd love to hear your opinion on this post
7 Responses to "Mule 3 Architecture, Part 2: Introducing the Message Processor"
 1. […] the next blog post I'll return to Mule and talk about how the Pipes and Filters architectural style has been […]
 2. The MessageSource interface is confusing. The message source should produce a message and MessageTarget should consume/listen a message. Setting messageprocessor as a listener in MessageSource interface does not make any sense at all.
 3. The MessageSource does produce messages and for every new message that is produced the listener is invoked. Listener/MessageProcessor/MessageTarget are synonyms in my mind. Or are you suggesting that rather than the source having a single listener, processors should instead have 0-> sources?
 4. […] jersey support in Mule has been changed from being configured as an endpoint to what is called a message processor in Mule 3. The following shows how the configuration […]
 5. This is a wonderful article. Can you please publish an article which explains the way in which response messages are dealt in a request-response exchange pattern. Also how can I find which outbound endpoint was invoked after a response has come back?
 6. […] SDK will take every method that is annotated with _USER_ and build a Message Processor around it. The message processor will handle expression evaluation, argument transformation, […]
 7. Something based on this series should be the starting point of the Mule documentation! Thanks!
 The missing link to the followup post is


Order of magnitude dose reduction in intraoral radiography.
@article{Kircos1987OrderOM,
 title={Order of magnitude dose reduction in intraoral radiography.},
 author={L T Kircos and L L Angin and Lewis Lorton},
 journal={Journal of the American Dental Association},
 year={1987},
 volume={114 3},
 pages={344-7}
}
This comparative clinical investigation concerns the radiation dose from intraoral radiography using E-speed film and rectangular and circular beam collimation. Dose to organs not of diagnostic importance (brain, lens of the eye, thyroid, and breast) is reduced by approximately an order of magnitude when rectangular collimation and E-speed film are used in periapical radiography. And dose to the thyroid and breast is further reduced by a third with the use of a full leaded apron and thyroid… CONTINUE READING


text:
The following will allow you to operate the SP400 Super Phase Shifter to its full potential:
1. Connect the guitar to the input jack of the SP400 using a 1/4" instrument cable.
2. Connect the amp to the output jack of the SP400 using a 1/4" instrument cable.
3. OPTIONAL: Connect an expression pedal to the EXP/CTL jack of the SP400 using a 1/4" TRS cable.
4. Use the RATE control to adjust the modulation speed.
5. Use the DEPTH control to adjust the modulation depth.
6. Use the RES control to adjust the intensity of the effect.
7. Use the MODE control to select one of the 7 modes:
- 4/8/10/12 STAGE - These modes determine the number of stages for the phaser effect. The sound varies from vintage phaser sounds to deep and powerful phasing effects.
- FALL - This mode gives you the impression of a constantly falling phasing sound.
- RISE - This mode sounds like a permanently rising phasing sound.
- STEP - In this mode the filtration modification occurs up and down in defined steps.
As always, experiment with the controls until the desired effect is achieved.


Arts & Entertainment
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Best Museum Minneapolis 2009 - Frederick R. Weisman Art Museum
Frederick R. Weisman Art Museum
Frederick R. Weisman Art Museum
333 E. River Rd.
Minneapolis, MN 55455
Map & Details>>
Readers' Choice: Walker Art Center
When the Republican National Convention rolled into town last year, some places closed their doors, while others became exclusive; if you didn't know someone important, you weren't getting in. During that brief period, the Weisman Art Museum did the opposite: It kicked it up a notch. During the RNC, the museum hosted a variety of activities associated with Unconvention, a movement that organized activities during the RNC and encouraged people to explore their political beliefs, voice concerns, and celebrate our country in a less corporate way. There was the "Hindsight Is Always 20/20" exhibit, a fascinating look at the buzzwords used during each presidency. There was the Unconvention circus party, a nonpartisan day of presidential speech readings, lectures, open discussion, film screenings, and stilt walkers. The evening concluded with student films projected on the side of the Weisman's iconic walls. And art of note wasn't confined to the political. This year's "Changing Identity" was a groundbreaking show featuring work by female Vietnamese artists, the first exhibit of its kind anywhere.
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Best of Award Graphics


Primordial History, Print Capitalism, and Egyptology in Nineteenth-Century Cairo: Mustafa Salama al-Naggari's. The Garden of Ismail's Praise
Adam Mestyan
Institute Francais D'Archeologies Orientale
How old is the world? This question was a central problem for Muslims, Christians, and Jews in the face of the new scientific discoveries in the nineteenth century. This book introduces the answer from a Muslim point of view, outside of official institutions. The extended introduction - a microhistory in the Middle East - explores the life and oeuvre of a forgotten Egyptian intellectual and poet, Mustafa Salama al-Naggari (d. 1870). Next, A. Mestyan provides the English translation and Arabic transcription of the surviving fragments of al-Naggari's manuscript, The Garden of Ismail's Praise. This is a universal history of Egypt, written while the Suez Canal was under construction to praise the governor Khedive Ismail (r. _PHONE_). The author advocates a unique solution to computing the period of primordial history, before the Deluge, in the age of steam and print. Al-Naggari's alternative Nahda voice is available for the first time in this edition.


The Fresh Loaf
News & Information for Amateur Bakers and Artisan Bread Enthusiasts
How old can a starter REALLY be?
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ElPanadero's picture
How old can a starter REALLY be?
Couple of other threads are branching off into discussion of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. I thought therefore I would open a new one for better organisation and focus of topic.
I want to ask, just how old can one claim a flour-water "starter" to be?
First a couple of factoids about Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
1. The yeast cells double every 90-100mins or so
2. The mean life span of a cell is 26 generations
100min x 26 = 2600 mins which is 43 hours which is just short of 2 days.
Like our own human bodies, every cell that makes us what we are, dies off in time, but thankfully the cells are replicated before that happens. The replication time for our various cells varies tremendously but it is believed that the cells with the largest replication cycle are 10yrs. The implication of this is philosophically intriguing. It means you are no older than 10yrs no matter how old you believe you are, or at least there is no cell in your body older than 10yrs! A counter philosophical thought is that everything that is "us" is made up of matter, and since matter can neither be created nor destroyed then all the matter that makes up our bodies has been here since the dawn of the universe itself, in which case we are many billions of years old.
What we choose to define as the "human being" defines how old we are. If it's our cells, then we're 10yrs old, if it's the primordial matter, then billions of years old.
And so back to wild yeast starters and our good friend Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
If each yeast cell lives no longer than a couple of days, how in any true and just sense could it be said that there exists a "20 yr old grandmother starter"? In looking for possibilities, I wonder whether this refers to some other elements of the starter that actually ARE 20 yrs old or is the whole notion simply a lot of kidology and hocus pocus?
Consider this. I light a wood fire in the chimenea in my garden and feed it with a constant stream of new fresh fire wood. For 20 years I keep it going and never once let the fire go out. Tell me, is my fire 20yrs old? Is there any part of it that is truly 20yrs old? It has had new fresh wood constantly, and new fresh oxygen constantly, so surely the flames I am seeing are new fresh flames and all the gasses and products of combustion are equally being given off freshly. Nothing in there is 20yrs old unless perhaps the ashes produced linger on for that length of time (but then do the ashes constitute the fire?).
I'm intrigured by this notion of these very old starters given that any starter is a symbiotic balance of yeasts and bacteria that are constantly fed, which replicate for a finite number of generations and then die.
Common sense says there must be "something" in these starters aside from the yeasts and bacteria that does somehow survive through the years or else it's all a bit disingenuous.
Can anyone tell me what that "something" is?
adri's picture
Are you searching for a soul in sourdough starters? ;) This seems to be a more philosophical question and I'm not sure whether I can write something about it because of my English as a third language skills or.... well I'll give it a try.
I'm not sure for yeast, but for other fungii, spores can survive quite a long time. That our yeast forms spores you can see here:
ontopic again:
What do we want from a starter? That it has a good taste, gives good rise,... And we want it to be stable. But what does "stable" mean?
In my opinion: It should give reproducible results. It should be strong against other germs. If neglected for a while it should recover.
You can see this as an ecosystem or society. The typical schoolbook example with insects and birds: If there is a lot of insects, birds have a lot of food. More birds will survive the winter and have more children. They will eat more insects therefore soon there will be less food for the birds. Therefore less birds. Therefore more insects.... An now add birds of prey, and plants eaten by the insects,... and you'll have an ecosystem.
Such an ecosystem has more a moving equilibrium than a steady state. You can influence it from outside e.g. when a winter kills a lot of insects and the migratory birds won't find enough food in spring.
A "stable" ecosystem should be able to recover from that. It needs more to influence it (like Monsanto, Sygenta and Bayer killing all insects.) An unstable ecosystem can easily be disturbed. In such a stable ecosystem, after a few years it won't be the same insects and same birds, but their children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren... and so on. But it is still the same ecosystem.
From an outside view: I'd say, if an ecosystem has been able to recover from a lot of turbulences like hard winters, hot or cold summers... and does not diverge in one direction if the outer parameters stay the same for a while (... and a while more)... you can consider it stable.
Transferred to sourdough starter: If it's been there for many years and always performed well, it is likely to have created a good and stable ecosystem.
Just my thoughts about it.
ElPanadero's picture
Appreciate the thoughts. Not entirely sure you understood the question. Let me try again. In your last statement you said :
My question is, is there any part of that good and stable ecosystem that is actually years old? I'm suggesting that any yeasts in there will no no older than 2 days. Do you agree?
adri's picture
The US American society is no older than 114 years and 252 days as it is the age of Jeralean Talley is the oldest citizen?
MisterTT's picture
point of view I could say that there is still a portion of flour and water that were used to start the starter, and a portion of flour and water of subsequent feedings. This is pretty simple to realize, knowing that the amount of initial flour/water decreases exponentially (assuming a perfectly homogenous starter), but the exponential function is always positive and is only zero "at infinity". This is limited, of course, by the elementary parts (molecules, atoms, whatever you would care to take into account) of initial flour/water, that is, when you get less than half of an atom remaining (by calculation, in practice this isn't actually possible), the original flour/water mixture is extinct.
This is all moot, however. Exponents die down so quickly that an AP starter can get converted to rye in about three feedings, so there is no practical use to these considerations. I'm no biochemist, but I think that when a stable ecosystem of various microorganisms is reached in one starter or another, it stays very much the same if not messed with too much. The notion of "old" starters is much more romance than fact in my opinion.
Joyofgluten's picture
"The notion of "old" starters is much more romance than fact" I'm with you fully on that.
srulybpsyd's picture
This sounds like some deep stuff!
Would a practical appliication of this question be: What is the benefit of maintaining a starter over long periods of time, unless one bakes with it very frequently?
(For instance, if I only bake sourdough bread every once in a while, is it worth expending the effort (and money) maintaining it, or would it be the same if I started from scratch each time?)
MisterTT's picture
by maintaining it rather than starting a new one each time :) That's the best reason to maintain it that I know. However, there are some archaic recipes that just call for flour and water and are done over several days, I've seen a thread about one not too long ago.
DavidEF's picture
As far as I can logically deduce, there is no part of the starter that can be years old. It would have been diluted out in days, if fed every day, or at least in weeks or months. But, the ecosystem is the surviving part. The U.S.A. is hundreds of years old, some of the individual states are older than the U.S.A. and some younger. Cities have an even wider range of ages. But the people, plants and animals are different now than they were then. Only the ecosystem is the same, and not even that is completely so, as the character of the ecosystem is influenced by the current generation living in it.
There is a benefit to an ecosystem getting older, whether it be a human governmental organization or a sourdough starter. That is, the changes that take place in the environment, especially catastrophic changes, tend to strengthen the ecosystem by weeding out the weakest elements and catalyzing adaptation in the survivors. Survival of the fittest, so to speak. But not just survival, thriving.
Look at the ever present problem of sickness and disease. We try to kill


text:
The Third Hand, Cobots Assisted Precise Assembly
Collaborative robots (Cobots) are indispensable tools in the factories of the future. Owing to their safety centered design, Cobots are allowed to work side by side with humans, making their use as an assistive third hand appealing for tedious assembly tasks. Consequently, we propose a robot that can be hand-guided to lift and hold parts in place while the human performs assembly tasks. Such functionality reduces the risk to workers (falling components for example), provides precision, allows lifting heavier parts, and increases productivity by allowing human workers to focus on more value-added tasks.
KeywordsCollaborative robots Smart assembly Hand-guiding
This research was partially supported by Portugal 2020 project DM4Manufacturing POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016418 by UE/FEDER through the program COMPETE 2020, and the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) SFRH/BD/131091/2017 and COBOTIS (PTDC/EME-EME/32595/2017).

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
drainage pipe velocity in myanmar Despriction
Products - Popular PVC Pipe
POPULAR PLASTIC GROUP established in 1985, today is one of the largest manufactures, producing the widest range of plastic wares in Myanmar(Burma). We have been joining together with the technologies and methods of Hongkong, China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Thailand and Germany to produce the Quality products since 1996. What is the minimum pipe velocity?What is the minimum pipe velocity?No minimum velocity 3. No minimum pipe slope; 10% max for concrete, 20% max for corrugated metal and thermoplastic pipe 4. The headwater and tailwater conditions determine which equations (nomographs) are used for design 5. Culverts over 20 feet wide are designed as a bridge (see HM 3-3.1.2) and need a backwater and scour analysis 6.Lesson 10- Culvert and Ditch Sizing What is the velocity of a storm drain?What is the velocity of a storm drain?Storm drains should operate with velocities of flow sufficient to prevent deposition of solid material. The controlling velocity is near the bottom of the conduit and is considerably less than the mean velocity. Storm drains should be designed to have a minimum velocity of two and one half (2.5) feet per second (fps). 5.3.2 Maximum VelocitiesSECTION 5 STORM DRAINS - Round Rock, Texas
(PDF) Study on Storm Water Drainage System of drainage pipe velocity in myanmar
Myanmar. 1 [email protected] drainage pipe velocity in myanmar canals and 14 drainage pipe networks were constructed in. drainage pipe velocity in myanmar Substitution of the cuspidors by high velocity aspiration] December 1968 Dental Cadmos.(PDF) Study on Storm Water Drainage System of drainage pipe velocity in myanmarMyanmar. 1 [email protected] drainage pipe velocity in myanmar canals and 14 drainage pipe networks were constructed in. drainage pipe velocity in myanmar Substitution of the cuspidors by high velocity aspiration] December 1968 Dental Cadmos.
Must include:myanmarModule 7 Hydraulic Design of Sewers and Storm Water While designing the sewers the flow velocity at full depth is generally kept at about 0.8 m/sec or so. Since, sewers are generally designed for ½ to ¾ full, the velocity at designed discharge (i.e., ½ to ¾ full) will even be more than 0.8 m/sec. Thus, the minimum velocity generated in sewers will help in the following ways (Ss 1)g.d'
Must include: myanmarPipe Flow Calculator HazenWilliams Equation
Sep 10, 2019Divide the drop by the length of the pipe to calculate the slope. S = y / L = 3 / 12 = 0.25. Use the Hazen-Williams equation to find the velocity of the gravity flow. v = 1.318 * C * R 0.63 * S 0.54 = 1.318 * 150 * 0.125 0.63 * 0.25 0.54 = 25.23 ft/s. Multiply this value with the cross-sectional area of the pipe to find the discharge:
Must include:myanmarPipes and Pipe Sizing Spirax SarcoA process requires 5 000 kg/h of dry saturated steam at 7 bar g. For the flow velocity not to exceed 25 m/s, determine the pipe size. Since the steam velocity must not exceed 25 m/s, the pipe size must be at least 130 mm; the nearest commercially available size, 150 mm, would be selected.
Must include:myanmarWhat flow rates can go through a drainage system?drainage systems the discharge rate should be limited, the limit depending on the system configuration and pipe diameters involved. For straight vertical pipe of certain drainage pipe velocity in myanmar that it will need a limited length of pipe to reach this velocity. Thus it is not so that a longer length of pipe will further accelerate the flow.
Author Maisie JohnsonCalcTool Gravity-fed pipe flow calculator
This calc is mainly for pipes full with water at ambient temperature and under turbulent flow. If you know the slope rather than the pipe length and drop, then enter "1" in "Length" and enter the slope in "Drop". If the cunduit is not a full circular pipe, but you know the hydraulic radius, then enter (Rh×4) in "Diameter".Bureau of ReclamationBureau of ReclamationFluid Flow Velocities in Pipes - Engineering ToolBoxDownload Schedule 40 Steel Pipe Velocity diagram as pdf file; SI units. Fluid flow velocity in a circular pipe can be calculated with SI units as. v = 1.273 q / d 2 (2) where . v = velocity (m/s) q = volume flow (m 3 /s) d = pipe inside diameter (m) Online Pipe Velocity Calculator - SI Units. volume flow (m 3 /s) pipe inside diameter (m)
Maximum Flow Velocities in Water Systems
PVC Pipes Schedule 40 - Friction loss and Velocity Diagrams - Friction loss (psi/100 ft) and velocity for water flow in plastic PVC pipe schedule 40 ; Vertical Pipes - Discharge Flow vs. Height of Discharge Flow - Volume flow from vertical water pipesPeople also askWhat is the flow velocity of a sewage pipe?What is the flow velocity of a sewage pipe?In sewage piping and pumping systems the flow velocity must exceed certain limits to maintain trouble free operation and to avoid settling and sedimentation of solids for horizontal wastewater pipe systems with solids the speed should exceed 3 ft/secWaste Water - Flow CapacityPipe Flow Design Civil + Structural Engineer magazineJul 01, 2019The Manning Formula and the Colebrook-White Equation By Stephen Webster Introduction The hydraulic capacity of drainage pipes is a complex theoretical problem because in real drains the flow is turbulent. The different layers of water flow are constantly mixing with each other creating small eddies within the flow which reduces the hydraulic capacity in complex
Some results are removed in response to a notice of local law requirement. For more information, please see here.Some results are removed in response to a notice of local law requirement. For more information, please see here.Bureau of Reclamation
Bureau of ReclamationSome results are removed in response to a notice of local law requirement. For more information, please see here.Fluid Flow Velocities in Pipes - Engineering ToolBoxDownload Schedule 40 Steel Pipe Velocity diagram as pdf file; SI units. Fluid flow velocity in a circular pipe can be calculated with SI units as. v = 1.273 q / d 2 (2) where . v = velocity (m/s) q = volume flow (m 3 /s) d = pipe inside diameter (m) Online Pipe Velocity Calculator - SI Units. volume flow (m 3 /s) pipe inside diameter (m)
Table 4-4-6 Design Standard for Culverts (Pipe Box)
drainage channels, which are a V-shape open-channel ditches,between top and toe-of-slopes along the road. Lined ditches will be installed where gradesare over 4 %to prevent the erosion which will occur if the velocity of flow exceeds the permissible velocity.Velocity Breakers- what is the impact on the system. It is a proven fact that terminal velocity of water is between 3m/s and 6 m/s for water and solids in the range of 15m/s in 100-150 pipe. Terminal velocity is reached with in 1.5m to 3 meters from the discharge. Basically one floor. But with extensive research,, no data can be found on velocity breakers, and no test results can be found.


Manual:Coding conventions
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This page describes the coding conventions used within the MediaWiki codebase and extensions which are intended for use on Wikimedia websites, including appropriate naming conventions. Changes that do not comply with these conventions may be summarily -1'ed by code reviewers; this should be considered an invitation to fix the stylistic issues and update the patch.
This page lists general conventions that apply to all MediaWiki code, whatever language it is written in. For guidelines that apply to specific components or file types in MediaWiki, see:
On wikitech (applies at least to operations/puppet):
Code structure[edit | edit source]
File formatting[edit | edit source]
Tab size[edit | edit source]
Lines should be indented with a single tab character per indenting level. You should make no assumptions about the number of spaces per tab. Most MediaWiki developers find 4 spaces per tab to be best for readability, but many systems are configured to use 8 spaces per tab and some developers might use 2 spaces per tab.
For vim users, one way to establish these settings is to add the following to $HOME/.vimrc:
autocmd Filetype php setlocal ts=4 sw=4
with similar lines for css, html, and javascript.
However, for Python, instead follow the whitespace guidelines from PEP 8, which recommends spaces for new projects.
Newlines[edit | edit source]
All files should use Unix-style newlines (single LF character, not a CR+LF combination).
 - git on Windows will (by default) convert CR+LF newlines to LF during committing.
All files should have a newline at the end.
 - It makes sense since all other lines have a newline character at the end.
 - It makes passing data around in non-binary formats (like diffs) easier.
 - Command-line tools like cat and wc don't handle files without one well (or at least, not in the way that one would like or expect).
Encoding[edit | edit source]
All text files must be encoded with UTF-8 without a Byte Order Mark.
Do not use Microsoft Notepad to edit files, as it always inserts a BOM. A BOM will stop PHP files from working since it is a special character at the very top of the file and will be output by the web browser to the client.
In short, make sure your editor supports UTF-8 without BOM.
Trailing whitespace[edit | edit source]
When using an IDE, pressing the Home and End keys (among other keyboard shortcuts) usually ignores trailing whitespace and instead jumps to the end of the code, which is intended. In non-IDE text editors, though, pressing End will jump to the very end of the line, which means the developer must backspace through the trailing whitespace to get to the spot where he/she actually wants to type.
Removing trailing whitespace is a trivial operation in most text editors, developers should avoid adding trailing whitespace, primarily on lines that contain other visible code.
Some tools make it easier:
 - nano: craigbarnes/nanorc;
 - Komodo Edit: in the Save Options from menu "Edit > Preferences", enable "Clean trailing whitespace and EOL markers" and "Only clean changed lines";
 - Kate: you can see trailing spaces by enabling the option "Highlight trailing spaces". This option can be found in "Settings > Configure Kate > Appearance". You can also tell Kate to cleanup trailing spaces on save in "Settings > Configure Kate > Open/Save".
 - vim: various automatic cleanup plugins;
 - sublime: sublime.
Indenting and alignment[edit | edit source]
General style[edit | edit source]
MediaWiki's indenting style is similar to the so-called "One True Brace Style". Braces are placed on the same line as the start of the function, conditional, loop, etc.
function wfTimestampOrNull( $outputtype = TS_UNIX, $ts = null ) {
 if ( is_null( $ts ) ) {
 return null;
 } else {
 return wfTimestamp( $outputtype, $ts );
 }
}
Multi-line statements are written with the second and subsequent lines being indented by one extra level:
Use indenting and line breaks to clarify the logical structure of your code. Expressions which nest multiple levels of parentheses or similar structures may begin a new indenting level with each nesting level:
$wgAutopromote = array(
 'autoconfirmed' => array( '&',
 array( APCOND_EDITCOUNT, &$wgAutoConfirmCount ),
 array( APCOND_AGE, &$wgAutoConfirmAge ),
 ),
);
There are some exceptions, such as switch statements, where the indentation of the cases are optional, so both of the below are fine.
switch ( $word ) {
case 'lorem':
case 'ipsum':
 $bar = 2;
 break;
case 'dolor':
 $bar = 3;
 break;
default:
 $bar = 0;
}
var bar;
switch ( word ) {
 case 'lorem':
 case 'ipsum':
 bar = 2;
 break;
 case 'dolor':
 bar = 3;
 break;
 default:
 bar = 0;
}
Vertical alignment[edit | edit source]
Avoid vertical alignment. It tends to create diffs which are hard to interpret, since the width allowed for the left column constantly has to be increased as more items are added. Template:Note/en
When needed, create mid-line vertical alignment with spaces rather than tabs. For instance this:
$namespaceNames = array(
 NS_MEDIA => 'Media',
 NS_SPECIAL => 'Special',
 NS_MAIN => '',
);
Is achieved as follows with spaces rendered as dots:
$namespaceNames·=·array(
 → NS_MEDIA············=>·'Media',
 → NS_SPECIAL··········=>·'Special',
 → NS_MAIN·············=>·'',
);
(If you use the tabular vim add-on, entering :Tabularize /= will align the '=' signs.)
Line continuation[edit | edit source]
Lines should be broken at between 80 and 100 columns. There are some rare exceptions to this. Functions which take lots of parameters are not exceptions.
The operator separating the two lines may be placed on either the following line or the preceding line. An operator placed on the following line is more visible and so is more often used when the author wants to draw attention to it:
return strtolower( $val ) == 'on'
 || strtolower( $val ) == 'true'
 || strtolower( $val ) == 'yes'
 || preg_match( "/^\s*[+-]?0*[1-9]/", $val );
An operator placed on the preceding line is less visible, and is used for more common types of continuation such as concatenation and comma:
$foo->dobar(
 Xml::fieldset( wfMessage( 'importinterwiki' )->text() ) .
 Xml::openElement( 'form', array( 'method' => 'post', 'action' => $action, 'id' => 'mw-import-interwiki-form' ) ) .
 wfMessage( 'import-interwiki-text' )->parse() .
 Xml::hidden( 'action', 'submit' ) .
 Xml::hidden( 'source', 'interwiki' ) .
 Xml::hidden( 'editToken', $wgUser->editToken() ),
 'secondArgument'
);
When continuing "if" statements, a switch to Allman-style braces makes the separation between the condition and the body clear:
if ( $.inArray( mw.config.get( 'wgNamespaceNumber' ), whitelistedNamespaces ) !== -1
 && mw.config.get( 'wgArticleId' ) > 0
 && ( mw.config.get( 'wgAction' ) == 'view' || mw.config.get( 'wgAction' ) == 'purge' )
 && mw.util.getParamValue( 'redirect' ) !== 'no'
 && mw.util.getParamValue( 'printable' ) !== 'yes'
) {
 ..
}
Opinions differ on the amount of indentation that should be used for the conditional part. Using an amount of indentation different to that used by the body makes it more clear that the conditional part is not the body, but this is


text:
Expression of State: -아/어 있다
I want to tackle a topic many might have wondered about a few times. Does Korean have something like passive sentence structures? We all love passive sentences. We love them so much in fact, we tend to overuse them. While Korean does not have a passive structure per se, it does have pattern similar to it: -아/어 있다. Though it has its difficulties.
Passive, yet Not Passive
Korean verbs and English verbs two very different animals. This difference is what makes learning Korean sometimes so difficult. Concepts such as passive sentences doesn't really exist in Korean. They only have the semblance of a passive sentence. The grammar pattern -아/어 있다 is the closest thing Korean has to a passive sentence structure. However, it isn't a passive sentence as its use is far narrower.
The verb pattern -아/어 있다 is a way to express the continued state of a completed action. You use it for example to tell someone a door is closed as that is the continued state of the completed action of closing it. However, verbs for wearing clothes, such as 입다, do not use this verb pattern, but instead use -고 있다.
The primary difficulty you will face is that a lot of verbs you know cannot use this verb ending. A limited list of these verbs that can use this verb ending: 열리다, 닫히다, 켜지다, 꺼지다, 떨어지다, 놓이다.
Transitive verbs cannot use this verb ending.
The careful observer will notice that share one common characteristic. They are intransitive, meaning they never use the object particle 을/를. Some verbs, the verbs I gave earlier, are derivatives of verbs you probably already knew. How you can transform 'normal' verbs into these special verbs, is a bit of a problem. There isn't a real rule so you will need to learn them as you explore the wonders of Korean. However, if the verb is already intransitive, you can just go ahead and use this verb ending.
The How To
Using this verb pattern isn't that difficult. It follows the a rule you are most familiar with by the time you learn this verb pattern anyway. It is essentially a variant of the 3 rules you use to form the present tense in Korean:
- If a verb stem ends in ㅏ or ㅗ you use the variant -아 있다.
- If a verb stem ends in any other vowel, you use -어 있다.
- For 하다 verbs, you use 해 있다.
After you have attached it to the verb, you simply continue adding proper verb endings to the 있다 part. That is easy, no? Just don't forget to make sure you are using an intransitive verb when using this verb pattern. Transitive verbs cannot use this verb ending.


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knell •\ˈnel\• noun and verb
noun: the sound of a bell rung slowly to announce a death or a funeral or the end of something
verb: ring as in announcing death
verb: make (bells) ring, often for the purposes of musical edification
The word knell has appeared in 144 New York Times articles in the past year, including on May 19 in "American Accents Being Heard on the Malecón" by Victoria Burnett:
Across the bay, the sea-crossing theme continues at a wide-ranging Cuban show at the 18th-century fortress of San Carlos de la Cabaña. Hanging in a room are life-size sharks in human clothing, and the detritus of a shipwreck. It is the work of Alexis Leyva Machado, known as Kcho (pronounced catch-oh), whose small bronze bird pounds its beak against a propeller hanging from a rope, ringing an endless knell, next door.
Click on the word below to map it and hear it pronounced:

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Waters and Wyatt Collaborate to Advance Polymer Analysis and Biopharmaceutical Characterization Studies
Complete the form below to unlock access to ALL audio articles.
Waters Corporation announced that it entered into a Co-Marketing agreement with Wyatt Technology to advance the analysis of synthetic polymers and biotherapeutic proteins. By pairing Waters® ACQUITY® UPLC® and Waters® ACQUITY® Advanced Polymer Chromatography® (APC™) Systems with Wyatt's µDAWN® Multi Angle Light Scattering (MALS) detector, R&D scientists receive higher quality information and data 5x faster than ever before.
SEC separations with high resolution and speed have not always been synonymous. However, the innovative low-dispersion system design of Waters' UPLC systems combines with solvent agnostic small particle column chemistries to deliver unprecedented high resolution SEC/GPC separations. The benefits of these high speed/high resolution separations are best realized with low dispersion multi-angle light scattering (MALS) detectors like the Wyatt Technology µDAWN MALS detector. When the systems are coupled, users can determine absolute molecular weights and sizes of polymers, peptides, or proteins directly, without relying solely on column calibration or reference standards.
"Waters takes great pride in collaborating with innovative companies like Wyatt Technology to solve complex molecular characterization challenges. This is an example of two leaders in our respective fields working together to optimize the combination of our respective technologies to help scientists achieve their analytical goals," said Mike Harrington, Senior Vice President, Global Markets at Waters.
"Whether researchers seek to understand and predict material properties of polymers, or determine the absolute molecular weight and size in the characterization of biologics, this partnership improves the confidence in achieving accurate and reliable results from SEC-MALS experiments."
"The µDAWN represents a unique detection technology for Waters' UPLC equipment. Just adding a µDAWN to an ACQUITY APC system enables the customer to obtain absolute molecular weights without relying on tedious—and often inaccurate—column calibration reference standards.
"We're delighted to be partnering these 'best in class' products to improve the accuracy and throughput of our mutual customers," said Cliff Wyatt, Executive Vice President of Wyatt Technology.
This article has been republished from materials provided by Waters. Note: material may have been edited for length and content. For further information, please contact the cited source.


text:
After a Seoul winter that saw very little by way of precipitation, the early bloom of the cherry blossom trees is a welcome substitute for the snowflakes some of us longed to see descending from the inky night skies. So, as the spring winds gust through the tree-lined streets, tiny white petals have taken flight to mimic the snows that never came. Donning spring clothing and cameras, all of Seoul seems to be out to capture this annual spectacle of natural brilliance. Accordingly, it is quite difficult to find places to enjoy these short-lived blooms apart from the crowds. We've spent a great deal of time struggling through crowds and stumbling upon abandoned areas which were all laden with these springtime heralds. Both festivals and guerrilla blossom hunts can be fun, and both scenes can be found easily.
The Yeongdeungpo Yeouido Spring Flower Festival is the largest celebration off cherry blossom trees in Seoul. This festival benefits from being located on a sizable island which is bordered by parks and nature to enhance this spring experience. Over by the National Assembly Building at the northwest third of the island is a road lined with some ridiculous number of cherry blossom trees. The tourism site says that these fluffy white trees number somewhere between 1400 and 1600, and after and extensive walk we don't doubt its estimate.
The downside of visiting Yeouido during this time is the (exactly) 328.1 ga-billion people that visit each day. If crowds aren't your thing, go on a weekday. To add to the festival atmosphere, there are street performers, traditional song/dance troupes, food stalls, Olaf from Disney's Frozen, caricature artists, and much more. People watching isn't an advertised event, but it is rampantly available. This festival also affords great views of the Han River and parks to lay out and enjoy the springtime sun.
This festival is worth battling the crowds, even for crowd-haters like us. Maybe it's the renewed joy that spring brings to people or the diagonally drifting petals in the air, but the horde seemed less oppressive. Afterwards, we suggest checking out the rest of Yeouido's parks for a chance to experience some rare nature and dirt paths.
Part of the crowd
We have also found countless other places to experience this year's cherry blossom bloom apart from festivals and throngs of people. Many small rivers and neighborhoods have large areas lined with these popcorn trees that stretch on for blocks (if not kilometers). We always take the time to extensively explore our neighborhood wherever we live and this has definitely paid off in Korea.
From Guro Station on Line 1 down to around Geumcheon-gu Station runs the Anyang River. Both sides of this river are lined with walking and biking paths lined with cherry blossoms. Needless to say, the number of onlookers is much smaller and a peaceful walk down the river is much more relaxing and provides equally terrific people watching. Areas like this are less packed by families and film crews as by the middle and high school students on their way home from school taking an opportunity to update their social media profile pictures with these white trees for a background.
While living in Anyang for a year, we found many hidden gems in the area for a relaxing afternoon. Namely, the Anyang Art Park is lined with these gorgeous trees and remains one of our favorite areas. Filled with old people, street saxophone exhibitions, interesting artwork, frolicking children, and endless dining options: we knew that an afternoon in this area would surely be a beautiful chance to see this beloved area covered in white blossoms.
During the summer months, this stream is filled with families and swarms of kids splashing and lounging in the gentle pools. In the spring, however, the water is too cold and provides and interesting background for the blooming trees.
Like most things, the cherry blossoms do not last forever. They burst, spectacularly, into focus for a few short weeks before they have all rained down to the pavement. Rain and wind can make this window shorter, but you normally have a few weeks to really enjoy this yearly spectacle. It is certainly enough time each spring to form a nostalgic bond to this place and this season.
If you would like to check out these photos in full size, check out our Flickr account here!


text:
20-019 Dynamically generated momentum space shell structure of quarkyonic matter via an excluded...
최종 수정일: 2020년 5월 14일
Dynamically generated momentum space shell structure of quarkyonic matter via an excluded volume model
Kie Sang Jeong, Larry McLerran, Srimoyee Sen
Physical Review C 101, 035201 (2020)
The phase-space structure of zero-temperature quarkyonic matter is a Fermi sphere of quark matter surrounded by a shell of nucleonic matter. We construct a quasiparticle model of quarkyonic matter based on the constituent quark model, where the quark and nucleon masses are related by m_Q = m_N /N_c, and N_c is the number of quark colors. The region of occupied states is for quarks k_Q < k_F /N_c and for nucleons k_F < k_N < k_F + △. We first consider the general problem of quarkyonic matter with hard-core nucleon interactions. We then specialize to a quasiparticle model where the hard-core nucleon interactions are accounted for by an excluded volume. In this model, we show that the nucleonic shell forms past some critical density related to the hard-core size and for large densities becomes a thin shell. We explore the basic features of such a model and argue this model has the semiquantitative behavior needed to describe neutron stars.
#publication #paper #Nuclear_matter_in_neutron_stars #Quark_model #Nuclear_Physics


Back to Blog
Ep 27 - Using different modes to manage uncertainty with Sam Swidzinski
Jan 27, 2021
How shifting his emotional states helped a psychology researcher survive challenging life events that were out of his control.
What happens when your own emotions feel overwhelming in a situation you cannot control? And what about if you've learned through your environment that strong emotions are not welcome?
In this story, Sam Swidzinski, a researcher focused on innovative therapeutic methods to support mental health, shares a unique experience of how shifting into different emotional modes has helped him manage challenging uncertain life events.
For example, when it seemed like his life was up in the air as a teenager, having lost a number of friends and his sister diagnosed with a terminal illness, Sam needed a way to have some control in this challenging and incredibly uncertain environment.
So he switched into a mode he calls "Samuel" a calm, monk-like, stoic type, to manage his life and his feelings. He has a more emotional mode, driven by passion and justice called "Adrian" and a more childlike, playful mode called "Sammy".
Sam began to learn that each of these modes actually can help him in different situations. He now taps into these different modes consciously. For example, when he needs to get things done, do research or when writing his book, he taps into stoic "Samuel"; when working on passion projects, he taps into "Adrian" whose emotion fuels his energy for social impact work; and when connecting with friends he taps into playful "Sammy".
In this episode, we explore how different emotional states can be helpful in different situations, the influence that an environment unaccepting of strong emotions can have on our own tendency to shove down our pain, and the various ways we all respond to life tragedies that we cannot control.
You can find out more about Sam by visiting his LinkedIn page You can also check out his book, "Winning the War with Bipolar" here
If you like what you've heard and want to be part of our community, participate in special events, or discover the wisdom waking up in your own breakdown, check out our website at
If you would like to help us out, please leave us a review on Apple Podcasts or share your favorite episode on social media to make sure that these stories reach the people waiting to hear them.
Check out and apply for our upcoming program designed to help you transform your distress into wisdom for personal growth and social impact:


text:
The Chicago Cubs are having a wobbly season, but it's summer and that means baseball!
The game we know and love today developed in the 1840s and 1850s. This photo was taken about 1885 and is from the Museum's Lux Family Collection.
By the Civil War in 1861, baseball was so popular it was being played by the soldiers in prison camps, and five years later, baseball was referred to as the national pastime.
The rise of the game's popularity correlates with the rise of manufacturing jobs in the United States. This economic boom increased the size of the middle class and gave families more leisure time to play and watch sports.
U.S. Army Fort Sheridan baseball team on the post's parade grounds, circa 1900.
Grayslake baseball team, 1905. Pictured are Dr. William Clarke, A.A. McMillen, Rev. Schultz, William Brandstetter, George Thomson, Fred Battershall, R.W. Churchill, J.T. Morse, and George Fredericks.
In Lake County, Lake Forest Academy organized a team that played its first game in 1867 against the Waukegan Amateurs. Local baseball teams regularly played against one another beginning in the spring of 1871. Teams such as the Pioneers and Lake Shores of Waukegan, the Nine of Lake Forest Academy, the Prairie Boys of Libertyville, and the Highlanders of Highland Park played each other for championship titles. Wauconda was the archrival of Lake Zurich, and Grayslake of Monaville (east Fox Lake).
This terrific photo shows a crowd cheering on the Fort Sheridan team, circa 1930. On June 9, 1944, the Fort's team played an exhibition game against the Chicago White Sox at the Fort, beating the Sox 8 to 6.
Thought I'd include the "Girls of Summer," too. Here members of the Women's Army Corps play ball on the parade grounds, circa 1950.


text:
Vol. 51, Issue 1, pp. 121-134
optical security and encryption, multiple images, multiplexing, crosstalk
We present a novel encryption method for multiple images in a discrete multiple-parameter fractional Fourier transform scheme, using complex encoding, theta modulation and spectral fusion. All pairs of original images are encoded separately into a complex signal. The spectrum of each complex signal can then be scattered into various positions in the spectral plane and multiplexed into one spectral image with a combination of theta modulation and spectral fusion. After Fourier transforming back to the spatial domain, the multiplexed signal is encrypted in the discrete multiple-parameter fractional Fourier transform domain. Information about the original images can only be successfully decrypted given the possession of all correct keys. The parameters of chaotic pixel scrambling for the proposed method enlarge the key space. Moreover, the proposed method solves the crosstalk problem of multiple images and improves the multiplexing capacity. Numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


text:
Talk about maternal sacrifice. In a rather freakish twist of nature, baby spiders in some species completely devour their moms. And now researchers have discovered that the practice can get even stranger. Scientists from Israel's Ben Gurion University wanted to know if spiders participate in cooperative group mothering, as some mammals and birds do. They investigated a species of spider from southern Africa known for maternal care and for communal living. The results appear in the journal Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology.
In some experimental nests, the researchers left a group of females intact but removed egg sacks from all but one of the mothers-to-be. In control groups there was only one female and her eggs. At the end of the study, they checked on the health of the spider babies. In those groups with multiple moms, more eggs successfully hatched and the brood was healthier overall. As for the moms? They were almost all sucked dry, leaving only their crispy exoskeletons. So now at least one species of spider is known to participate in communal mothering. And under the right circumstances even the surrogate moms sacrificing everything for the offspring.


text:
Research Project – 1.5m model of a dam
1.5m wide model of a dam for physical experiments
January 1, 2022
IST-ID, Instituto Superior Técnico
1.5 m wide model of a dam for experiments on water tunnel.
The 3D surface was generated by 3D scanning a scaled model, from which a 3D solid model was designed.
The model was built into sections of 1.2m, to be produced in parallel.
Material: Grey PLA
Layer thickness: 0.3mm
Collaborative print heads: 6.
Total fabrication Time: 120 hours


text:
4 – 6 October, 2017
WIA-E President, Luisella Giulicchi, was invited to contribute, at the United Nation in New York, to the high level panel to the project "Space for Women" of the UNOOSA (United Nations Office for Outer Space Affair).
With a special focus on Sustainable Development Goals 4 (Quality Education) and 5 (Gender Equality) the UN " Space for Women Project" seeks to promote the critical role of women in the implementation of all the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) as many targets specially recognizing women's equality and empowerment as both the objective, and part of the solution. SDG 5 targets include ensuring women's empowerment and calling under targets (5b) for enhancing the use of enabling technology, in particular information and communications technology, to promote the empowerment of women.
The Space For Women Project will facilitate the strengthening of the awareness capacity and skills of individuals and institutions related to the importance of promoting gender equality in the space sector and its fundamental educational fields by:
- Facilitating access to the space sector education as well as the space sector itself
- Provide policy relevant advice and awareness raising to institutions and governments on the Space for Women and women for Space
- Facilitating capacity-building/training of individuals on access to and use of space-technology
- Promote a mentoring platform on " Space for Women" Champions.
For more information: _URL_
Below some photos from the meeting.


text:
What is the Grade 3 department?
It is the academic department responsible for teaching third grade in the school.
How can I contact a Grade 3 department member?
A member of the department can be contacted by:
- Telephone extension with option to leave a voice mail message.
- Sending a message to their school email address.
- Sending postal mail by addressing their name at the school's address.
- Leaving a message with the main office receptionist.


text:
After a long wait, bearded vultures started to breed this year in Écrins National Park (western Alps, France). Bearded vultures often passed through this national park, which has seemingly suitable habitats for breeding, and good food resources, but they had never settled – so the observations of a trio of birds building a nest this year, and then laying eggs, left the local staff and volunteers ecstatic!
The trio – an adult female and two males, one adult and the other one a 5th year – have settled in Haute-Romanche, an area that has been frequented by bearded vultures for the last three winters. These birds had repeatedly shown the beginnings of reproductive behavior but they have never gone beyond the stage of intentions … until now!
Egg laying is thought to have occurred around the 13th February, which means that hatching would occur in early April. So when Nils Paulet, warden of the Park in the Briançonnais sector, and Mikaël Robert, a wildlife watcher, spotted changes in the behavior of the birds, everybody suspected that the young bearded vulture was born. This is Mikael's report: "When I arrived at the observation post, a bird was on the nest, – I found out later that it was the female. Then the subadult male arrived with food. The two birds then stood on the nest, watching the nest center as they moved around for several moments, and then the female caught the food and started pulling out small pieces then lowering the head towards the bottom of the nest".
Even though it is impossible to see the bottom of the nest, and so is difficult to confirm 100% that adults are feeding a chick, all points to a baby bearded vulture. Nils Paulet also observed that "the two male birds have, during the day, repeatedly hunted a juvenile eagle that tried to "attack" the nest.
One of the male vulture which is part of the trio is Basalte, hatched in Berlin Zoo as part of the bearded vulture captive-breeding network, and released in 2012 in Grands Causses. The bird has colour rings, which allowed him to be identified.
The birds will continue to be monitored by staff from the park and also by Envergures Alpines, an association that coordinates the sightings of large raptors on the Dauphiné and contributes to the knowledge of the species in the alpine arc. All observations are valuable in this sensitive period – you can send your information to: _EMAIL_ and _EMAIL_
The VCF and its partners will still be releasing birds in the Alps this year, with a dual objective of diversifying the genetic pool of the wild populations (still smaller than what would be expected from a population of the same size) and to promote the connection between the Alpine and the Pyrenean populations.
Photo: Hansruedi Weyrich/VCF


text:
Analysis of Formic and Acetic Acid in Rain Water by Capillary Electrophoresis
A simple technique is described for the routine capillary electrophoretic determination of formic and acetic acid in rain water. These acids were determined simultaneously in approximately 6 min using a carrier electrolyte containing 10 mM phosphate and 0.5 mM myristyltrimethylammonium bromide (MTAB) as electroosmotic flow (EOF) modifier at pH 6.5 and direct UV detection at 185 nm. The method is quantitative, with recoveries in the 99-101% range and linear up to 5 mg L−1. The precision is better than 2.1% and the procedure shows the appropriate sensitivity, with detection limits between 0.042 and 0.055 mg L−1. The proposed method was successfully employed for the determination of formic and acetic acid in 57 rain water samples, collected from October 2000 to February 2001 in four different sampling stations located in Galicia (NW Spain), by direct sample injection after filtration.
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No Supplementary Data.
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Document Type: Research Article
Affiliations: Dpto. Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Alfonso X E1 Sabio s/n, 27002 - Lugo, Spain
Publication date: March 1, 2003


text:
Have you ever wondered what happens when a copper wire is stretched? The answer may surprise you. It turns out that stretching a copper wire can have quite an impact, from changing its electrical properties to influencing its magnetic field. Let's dive into the science behind this phenomenon and explore why it happens.
What is a Copper Wire?
A copper wire is simply a piece of metal made out of copper that has been shaped into a thin strand. Copper wires are often used in electronics for their low-resistance properties, making them ideal for transmitting electricity. Depending on the gauge of the wire, different amounts of current can be carried by the wire safely and efficiently.
What Happens When You Stretch It?
When you stretch a copper wire, it changes its electrical resistance, which means it will require more voltage to carry the same amount of current as an unstretched wire. This also means that more energy will be lost in the form of heat when electricity is passed through the stretched wire. Additionally, stretching a copper wire will cause its magnetic field to weaken, as well as cause it to vibrate at higher frequencies than normal. This vibration can cause interference with other nearby electronics and should be avoided if possible.
Why Does This Happen?
The phenomenon of stretching a copper wire and having such an effect on its electrical properties has been studied extensively over the years. It all boils down to how electrons interact with each other inside the material being stretched—in this case, copper atoms. When the metal is stretched, these electrons become less mobile and thus require more energy to move through it than they would in an unstretched state; hence why more voltage is required for the same amount of current flow after stretching occurs. Furthermore, since electrons are negatively charged particles, their movement also affects any magnetic fields present near them; thus causing those fields to weaken when they are unable to move freely due to stretching.
If a copper wire is stretched to make it 0.1% longer, What is the percentage change in its resistance?
If a copper wire is stretched 0.1% longer, the resistance of the conductor will increase by 0.2%, according to Ohm's law. This is due to the increased length of the wire resulting in greater electron collisions with atoms along its path and thus more electrical resistance. The 0.1% change in the length of the wire will cause a 0.2% increase in its resistance, demonstrating that its resistance increases proportionately with its length change.
In conclusion, we now know that when you stretch a copper wire, it changes both its electrical and magnetic properties significantly due to how electrons interact within its structure. These effects can range from slight increases in voltage requirements up to complete interference with nearby electronics depending on how much force was applied during the stretching process itself. While this knowledge can help us understand why certain problems arise in our circuits or wiring systems over time due to stress or wear and tear on them, it can also help us design better products that are able to withstand long-term wear or strain without failing prematurely due to these changes in electrical/magnetic properties caused by stretching forces over time. Ultimately, understanding how these materials react under pressure will lead us toward better designs and more reliable products overall!
Pipingmart is a B2B portal that specializes in metal, industrial and piping items. Additionally, we share the latest information and information about materials, products and various types of grades to assist businesses that are involved in this business.


Why Is Our Tree Not Growing?
Why Is Our Tree Not Growing?
With the arrival of spring several weeks ago, many Houston property owners have begun to see increased growth in lawns, gardens, and trees. Unfortunately for some Houston homeowners, spring may have revealed a lack of growth, causing concern for these owners. There are several causes for why a tree might not be growing new leaves or branches, which we will discuss in today's blog post. Hopefully, if your tree is experiencing little to no spring time growth, you can get your tree the help it needs to recover and begin growing again.
Tree Diseases
One of the most common causes of lack of growth for trees is a tree disease such as oak wilt or hypoxylon cankers. These diseases can diminish the health of a tree in a short time, causing leaf wilting, crown dieback, and damage to the trunk and limbs. Tree diseases can usually be treated by Certified Arborists to save the life of a tree, but early detection is crucial. Regular tree maintenance and inspection by Certified Arborists can help catch the warning signs early and prevent major damages or even tree death. Amateur tree crews or landscapers will often overlook or ignore a tree's warning signs, and the tree will likely die to the disease.
Poor Soil Health
Trees depend on healthy soil in order to gain essential nutrients and soil minerals for tree and root development. When soil is compromised, it can have a detrimental effect on the immediate and long-term health of the tree. Common causes of poor soil health include contamination from nearby construction, soil compaction from construction or foot traffic, dry conditions from a lack of moisture, or standing pools of water from poor drainage. Correcting these issues can help trees regain their ability to get water, sunlight and minerals from the soil, and ultimately restore their health.
Insect Damages
Insects can cause widespread destruction to otherwise healthy lawns, gardens, and trees, especially younger trees. Tree insects can attack the leaves, bark, and even root systems, and early detection is key to preserve the tree's health and prevent the spread of the insects to other nearby trees and plants. Property owners will benefit from having regular tree maintenance and inspection by Certified Arborists to check for insects and prevent infestations.
Root Girdling
One of the less common threats to tree health comes from root girdling, which occurs when tree roots begin to circle back around the tree trunk under the soil instead of expanding outward. Root girdling can choke the life out of a tree and cause it to diminish in health and stability. This commonly occurs when the tree is planted at a very deep depth and too much of the trunk is buried under soil. To correct the issue and save the tree, Embark Services's Certified Arborists will gently remove soil surrounding the tree to inspect for girdling roots wrapped around the trunk, root color deterioration, and wires or twine still left from initial planting. The Root Flare Excavation process involved removing any roots, wires or other hindrances around the base so that the tree health can be sustained without damaging the existing root system.
Trees are important assets of any residential property, so protecting their health and stability is essential for Houston property owners. Embark Services can help protect tree health and treat existing tree issues with their full range of exceptional tree care services, including tree pruning, tree planting, deep root fertilization, irrigation installation, root flare excavation, soil aeration, disease and insect treatment, and tree removal. Contact Embark Services's team of Certified Arborists today for more information, or go online to request a free consultation.


web server. Along those lines, we typically see that test and development environments are hosted in separate untrusted domains. You will not be able to add these servers either. In these scenarios, you will need a separate CMS in each untrusted domain.
The inability to use SQL authentication can seem like quite a setback in large companies with multiple environments. Although this restriction can be a hindrance in many environments, you have to think about the security risks if it were allowed. Allowing SQL authentication would mean having connections with stored usernames and passwords. Anyone allowed to connect to the CMS could use that connection to access a server with another set of credentials. This would make it impossible to have user and group based access controls to your data. You would also not be able to audit or track access to your server and identify an offending user.
Setup
Open SQL Server Management Studio and connect to the SQL instance you want to host your CMS. By default SSMS does not show you the Registered Servers pane. If you do not see a tab for the Registered Servers pane on the bottom left hand pane next to the Object Explorer pane, go up to view and select Registered Servers. To enable CMS, simply right click on the Central Management Servers node in the hierarchy tree and select Register Central Management Server. A create connection dialog will open where we can put in the connection details for our CMS. Continuing with our example, we'll use the server File2 for our CMS.
Your CMS server is now ready to configure with connections. You will want to first decide how to layout the server group folders according to your business. Once you have done that, you can right click on your server and select "New Server Group" to begin setting up your folder structure. Once you have your structure built out, you can right click the appropriate folder and select "New Server Registration". In our example we will right click the PROD folder under the WEST folder and select "New Server Registration". Here is what the registration details will look like:
Import and Export
Many people already have connections setup in their local SSMS to all the servers in their environment. We can import those connections into our new CMS so we don't have to manually recreate them all. We can also export the connections in our CMS to have available for importing to another CMS, another local SSMS, or simply as an additional backup. Please note that this should be an additional backup, because you should be backing up the MSDB on your CMS server.
Let's continue with our example and export our four local connections to the East/Dev group in our CMS. Here is what our local connection options look like, followed by what we see in SSMS.
Alias
Server/Instance
Authentication Type
Server1
Server1
Windows
Server1/INST01
Server1/INST01
SQL
File2
File2
Windows
File2.camelot.com
File2
Windows
We start by right clicking on Local Server Groups and going to Tasks | Export. The following dialog allows us to choose which local group we want export, where to export it to, and if we want to include passwords. By default, the option is selected to NOT include passwords, but we are going to uncheck that box so we can see what gets exported from a security perspective.
Before we import this into our CMS we want to make sure that no passwords are exported in clear text. We want to look at this for a connection using Windows Authentication as well as a connection using SQL authentication. We know from our matrix above that Server1 is using Windows Authentication, so let's check that out first and see what got exported.
<RegisteredServers:ConnectionStringWithEncryptedPassword
type="string">server=Server1;trusted_connection=true;pooling=false;
packet size=4096;multipleactiveresultsets=false</RegisteredServers:ConnectionStringWithEncryptedPassword>
We can see that the connection string is using the trusted_connection=true option as expected, so no password is included or necessary. Now we know we don't have to worry about plain text passwords being included with Windows Authenticated connections. Now we need to look at a SQL Authenticated connection.
<RegisteredServers:ConnectionStringWithEncryptedPassword
type="string">server=Server1\INST01;uid=sa;password=AQAAANCMnd8BFdERjHoAwE/Cl+sBAAAAWN50rqJbK0KumkZmeSq0rQQAAAACAAAAADZgAAwAAAABAAAACf0muawUxos7e658B76JBJAAAAAASAAACgAAAAEAAAANgj0Wy9O+YOw2tppBqYAAAAplr80XKV/SuFiRHFwGnEQTno6rDFFAAAAP3b2Ll4WMHyOKzOMuCQqekAivqX;pooling=false;
packet size=4096;multipleactiveresultsets=false</RegisteredServers:ConnectionStringWithEncryptedPassword>
Here we can see that the username is displayed in plain text, but the password is encrypted. If displaying the username is a security or auditing concern for your company then you need to be aware of this. However, we can rest easier knowing that the password is not exposed in plain text.
NOTE: Remember that CMS does not allow SQL Authenticated connections, so pay attention to what happens when you import it.
Switching back into SSMS, we can import these connections to our CMS by right clicking the folder we want to put them in and going to Tasks>Import. The dialog we receive asks for the file to import and the folder we want them imported to. The folder to import to will default to the folder you right clicked on in the previous step, but you can change it here if you wish.
We got an error! That's okay because we should have expected it. It's the same error we got earlier while trying to create a connection in our CMS with same name as the CMS (File2). You should recognize this error right away and know that it can be safely ignored.
The real caveat is that SSMS does not export the local connections in the same order in which you have them listed. It's random. It also stops importing the connections as soon as this error is encountered. If this was the last connection in the import file, then everything else will have been successfully imported. However, if this was the second connection then only the first connection is imported and everything after is not processed. If you run into this issue you can either manually remove the XML entry for this connection from the export file or you can remove it from your local connections and repeat the export/import operation. Once we remove the connection with one of the above methods and do the operation again, this is what our CMS will look like.
You will notice that "file2.camelot.com" imported just fine even though "file2" failed with our previous import. This proves that imports behave the same way as adding connections with regards to the issue of using the CMS server name we saw earlier.
We have now successfully exported our local connections into our CMS. There is only one thing left to check. The connection for Server1/INST01 was using SQL Authentication in our local SSMS and that is not allowed in our CMS. Here is what happens when you import a connection that uses a SQL Authenticated login.
You can still see the SQL Login ID that was specified for the connection, but Windows Authentication is now selected and greyed out. SQL Authenticated logins automatically get switched to Windows Authenticated logins upon import.
Conclusion
You should now have a firm understanding of how CMS works. We looked at both the advantages and disadvantages of using a Central Management Server in your environment. We also worked through how to setup a CMS, how the authentication methods come into play, and how to import local connections to give you a jump start on getting connections into the CMS. We also took a look at how to secure your CMS and put some security concerns to rest with regards to exported connections.
Resources

Resources:
CMS Paper.docx
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text:
A Mental Health and Community Integration Guide for GLBTQI Individuals:
What You Need to Know
This 12-page colorful booklet covers a range of key issues in mental health recovery and community integration such as treatment and rehabilitation, financial support, housing, employment, and peer support with specific information to address the unique needs of GLBTQI individuals embedded throughout.
This resource was created in partnership with University of Pennsylvania's Collaborative on Community Integration of Individuals with Psychiatric Disabilities.
Click here to preview this booklet.
Hard copies of this low-cost booklet are available for purchase here through the NAMI store.
GLBTQI Mental Health: Recommendations for Policies and Services- a companion publication to the booklet, provides important considerations for service providers and policy makers, including an assessment of the barriers faced by GLBTQI individuals seeking mental health care and recommendations for practical strategies to address these barriers.
Special thanks goes to Mark Davis, members of the Pink & Blues support group (Philadelphia, PA), and the NAMI GLBT Leaders Group for their contributions of valuable time, expert guidance, and assistance in developing these resources.
Access NAMI resources on mental health issues in GLBTQI communities here.


text:
by Natalie GutierrezUsually, when a primary care physician recommends a patient receive a sonogram, the doctor prepares a referral and sends the patient to a hospital or radiology clinic. But that practice may soon become a thing of the past.
Thanks to funding from the SBC Foundation, the Health Science Center is leading efforts to train all future primary care physicians to be proficient in the use of ultrasound equipment and techniques so theyíll be able to perform sonograms right in their own exam rooms.
"Currently only 5 percent of primary care physicians nationwide are proficient in ultrasound," said Gerald Dodd III, M.D., professor and chair of the department of radiology. "We are working to change that so more physicians are proficient in sonography and prepared to better serve their patients."
In 2006 the Health Science Center will be the only school in the nation to enroll all of its entering medical students into the ultrasound training curriculum called "Sonography at the Point of Care."
"Our goal is to provide four years of training for all medical school students so they graduate fully proficient in the use of ultrasound technology and techniques," Dr. Dodd said.
The SBC Foundation has funded the purchase of several hand-held compact ultrasound machines, which are the size of laptop computers and can be carried in a briefcase or backpack. The machines are much smaller, more versatile and less expensive than traditional ultrasound machines.
Dr. Dodd said plans are in place to provide digital images produced by the machines to the Visualization and Simulation Center at the Health Science Center so that students can access them via the Centerís Web-based network. Students will be able to access the images as study aids or as guides when performing sonograms or invasive procedures such as needle injections or tumor biopsies.
Dr. Dodd also plans to incorporate remote monitoring stations into the program so that faculty members can view, guide and evaluate students as they perform sonograms on actual patients in hospital settings or in clinics.
"With the SBC Foundationís support, all Health Science Center Medical School graduates will be ultrasound experts who can care for their patients at the initial point of contact - in the doctorís office," Dr. Dodd said. "Ultimately, that will decrease the time it takes to make correct diagnoses and administer appropriate treatments."
UT Health Science Center
© 2002 - 2013 UTHSCSA
Links provided from UTHSCSA pages to other websites do not constitute or imply an endorsement of those sites, their content, or products and services associated with those sites.


text:
Nested loop (loop over loop)
In this algorithm, an outer loop is formed which consists of few entries and then for each entry, and inner loop is processed.
Select tab1.*, tab2.* from tabl, tab2 where tabl.col1=tab2.col2;
For i in (select * from tab1) loop
For j in (select * from tab2 where col2=i.col1) loop
The Steps involved in doing nested loop are:
a) Identify outer (driving) table
b) Assign inner (driven) table to outer table.
c) For every row of outer table, access the rows of inner table.
In execution plan it is seen like this:
When optimizer uses nested loops?
Optimizer uses nested loop when we are joining tables containing small number of rows with an efficient driving condition. It is important to have an index on column of inner join table as this table is probed every time for a new value from outer table.
- No of rows of both the table is quite high
- Inner query always results in same set of records
- The access path of inner table is independent of data coming from outer table.
Note: You will see more use of nested loop when using FIRST_ROWS optimizer mode as it works on model of showing instantaneous results to user as they are fetched. There is no need for selecting caching any data before it is returned to user. In case of hash join it is needed and is explained below.
Hash joins are used when the joining large tables. The optimizer uses smaller of the 2 tables to build a hash table in memory and the scans the large tables and compares the hash value (of rows from large table) with this hash table to find the joined rows.
The algorithm of hash join is divided in two parts
- Build a in-memory hash table on smaller of the two tables.
- Probe this hash table with hash value for each row second table
In simpler terms it works like
For each row RW1 in small (left/build) table loop
Calculate hash value on RW1 join key
Insert RW1 in appropriate hash bucket.
For each row RW2 in big (right/probe) table loop
Calculate the hash value on RW2 join key
For each row RW1 in hash table loop
If RW1 joins with RW2
Return RW1, RW2
When optimizer uses hash join?
Optimizer uses has join while joining big tables or big fraction of small tables.
Unlike nested loop, the output of hash join result is not instantaneous as hash joining is blocked on building up hash table.
Note: You may see more hash joins used with ALL_ROWS optimizer mode, because it works on model of showing results after all the rows of at least one of the tables are hashed in hash table.
Sort merge join
Sort merge join is used to join two independent data sources. They perform better than nested loop when the volume of data is big in tables but not as good as hash joins in general.
They perform better than hash join when the join condition columns are already sorted or there is no sorting required.
The full operation is done in two parts:
- Sort join operation
get first row RW1 from input1
get first row RW2 from input2.
- Merge join operation
while not at the end of either input loop
if RW1 joins with RW2
get next row R2 from input 2
return (RW1, RW2)
else if RW1 < style=""> get next row RW1 from input 1
get next row RW2 from input 2
Note: If the data is already sorted, first step is avoided.
Important point to understand is, unlike nested loop where driven (inner) table is read as many number of times as the input from outer table, in sort merge join each of the tables involved are accessed at most once. So they prove to be better than nested loop when the data set is large.
When optimizer uses Sort merge join?
a) When the join condition is an inequality condition (like <, <=, >=). This is because hash join cannot be used for inequality conditions and if the data set is large, nested loop is definitely not an option.
b) If sorting is anyways required due to some other attribute (other than join) like "order by", optimizer prefers sort merge join over hash join as it is cheaper.
Note: Sort merge join can be seen with both ALL_ROWS and FIRST_ROWS optimizer hint because it works on a model of first sorting both the data sources and then start returning the results. So if the data set is large and you have FIRST_ROWS as optimizer goal, optimizer may prefer sort merge join over nested loop because of large data. And if you have ALL_ROWS as optimizer goal and if any inequality condition is used the SQL, optimizer may use sort-merge join over hash join


text:
System Analysis and Modeling
The System Analysis and Modeling group focuses on the Model Driven Software Engineering domain.
This subsumes the following: specification of dynamic and flexible systems by pattern and components, approaches to analyze and formally verify such models, and approaches for model synthesis. The main focus based on systems that are typically distributed systems, embedded real-time systems as well as systems that are capable to adapt and co-ordinate themselves.
Furthermore, the chair does research on model transformation, develops concepts for generating source code for models' structure and behavior, and investigates the general problem of model integration during the process of model driven software engineering.
Details to distinct topics can be found in our research section.
Head of the Group: Prof. Dr. Holger Giese