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Workers Are From Venus, Elitists Are From Mars - VENUS RISES Ch. 1
Published on
Venus Rises: Exordium Chapter 1
Conceived and Written by J.G. Birdsall
Illustrated by Thomas Garbarini
As the Earth neared becoming inhabitable, corporations came together and assumed control of the government. These Mega-Corps set up mining operations on the moon before the elite left Earth and colonized Mars. Demand for resources remained high, and once the moon's resources had been depleted, the miners were sent to Venus with the promise they could one day join the new Martian society. That promise has not been kept, and Venus has declared its independence. Now, civil war looms on the horizon.
The first few pages contain a timeline of preceding events. This is the first occasion where a timeline actually got me excited for a series of any kind. Normally they're completely dry and factual. This one actually sets up the story to come. As such, it also marks the first time I've actively hoped for a flashback in a comic book. There were many events listed on the timeline that would be awesome to see in a graphic format. Furthermore, the timeline also presents several events that add an air of mystery to the story as well, adding to the level of anticipation the reader has before even starting the actual story. This is just the first of several small touches that set this comic book apart from others of its kind. Each setting in the story is described with a blurb that details that location's information. This includes the details of planets (mass, year length, number of moons, etc..) and specifics of various ships and bases (owner, weight, length, etc..).
Once the actual story begins, it is told from two different perspectives. That of the crew of the salvage ship Cattywampus and from the point of view of Hollister Pelt, an employee of the Shirokawa Mega-Corp. The crew of the Cattywampus has been doing their best to stay out of the conflict between Venus and Mars. Meanwhile, Pelt has stumbled upon information that may help save his floundering employer. Birdsall does a great job of giving the reader small details about the characters without revealing too much. This leads to a great build up of tension and foreshadows motivations that may come into play in later chapters of the story.
Although there is dialogue when necessary, I love that so much of the story is told purely through visuals. This lets the reader experience the world Birdsall and Garbarini have created without having to focus on following a written narrative. Garbarini uses a lot of background detail that gives the story a high level of richness. The reader doesn't have to be told through dialogue or narration that the ship is in disrepair, they can draw that conclusion for themselves by taking in the artwork. I really liked that the characters are drawn to look like actual people. I did find it odd that there are times when the characters stand out from the background in a jarring way, almost forcing the eye to either look at the characters or the scene around them. Garbarini's illustration style has an animated look to it. I think the discrepancy in coloring between characters and background may be a result of his style being presented in static images. In any case, I eventually got used to it as I read further into the comic.
Venus Rises is a very intimate and human-centric story that just so happens to be set in space. Although there is potential for grander scale events, this isn't some galaxy spanning space epic, which I found really refreshing. It's a unique take on a Science-Fiction adventure that has elements of a character study. This first chapter sets the stage for what promises to be a fun interplanetary saga. The first two chapters of this independently published series are available now, with a third in production.
Writing: 5 / 5
Art: 4.5 / 5
OVERALL: 4.8 / 5


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- Historic Sites
William Trent House Museum
William Trent built his country estate north of Philadelphia, in New Jersey, at the Falls of the Delaware River about 1719. It was a large, imposing brick structure, built in the newest fashion. An "allee" of English cherry trees led from the entrance down to the ferry landing. Nearby, there were numerous outbuildings as well as grist, saw and fulling mills along the Assunpink Creek. In 1720 Trent laid out a settlement, which he incorporated and named "Trenton." Through careful preservation and accurate historical interpretation, visitors will become aware of the importance of this building in national, state and municipal history. An ambitious restoration project is nearly complete and will provide a more accurate historical representation of the museum's original appearance.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Editors' Note: This is an updated version of our 2019 Thanksgiving article.
Today, millions of Americans will sit down to enjoy Thanksgiving dinner with friends and family. A recognizable menu at any time of year, the traditional meal features cranberry sauce, mashed potatoes, rolls, pumpkin pie, stuffing and, of course, turkey! Before enjoying your sumptuous meal, take a few moments to read how this holiday is made possible by compressed air and gas technologies:
Automate Those Lines! Before the food you eat makes it to the table, it must be packaged and transported – but how does it even get to the packaging area? With the help of air compressors! Compressed air is used to control the valves and actuators in automated lines for filling, packaging, and bottling; low-pressure compressed air will also help move the food down the production line so that packaging can occur.
Bottling. What's Thanksgiving dinner without a glass of wine? Bottling is the quintessential application for compressors and nitrogen generators in winemaking. Air compressors provide the pressurized air that moves the wine from the barrels to the bottles, and because wines are particularly susceptible to oxidation during bottling, using an inert gas like nitrogen to remove the oxygen from the empty bottles helps ensure the freshness of the wine. N2 is also used to eliminate the carbon gases from the bottles prior to capping.
Canning. Vacuum pumps and nitrogen generators are also used in canning, which is a necessary process for other Thanksgiving favorites like pumpkin puree and cranberry sauce. Vacuum is used to form the can, stamped from a single piece of aluminum, and to hold the cans as they move down the line. Because aluminum is nonmagnetic, the vacuum level must be able to hold the cans as they are lifted, set down and filled. Nitrogen generators also play an important role in canning, as they introduce nitrogen into the cans holding the end products. Every pocket of space in the cans are filled with nitrogen, thus removing the oxygen eliminating moisture and mold. What you are left with is a fresher, tastier product that stays that way for longer.
Cooling and Spraying. Baked goods like dinner rolls and sweet breads are iconic parts of the Thanksgiving day meals. Compressed air is used to cool down baked goods after they emerge from the oven, which helps prevent contamination and product spoilage.
Food Packaging. Vacuum and nitrogen technology are essential elements of the Thanksgiving Day feast. Because turkeys are distributed across the country, they must be packaged and frozen prior to being shipped to their final destination. This is accomplished with both vacuum pumps and nitrogen generators:
The vacuum process removes atmospheric oxygen from the food packages to prevent aerobic bacteria and fungi from growing.
Meanwhile, on-site nitrogen generation ensures that the food doesn't spoil by displacing the remaining oxygen from the package in a process called MAP, or Modified Atmospheric Packaging, which inhibits aerobic spoilage. This is especially important for perishable meats that can quickly sour without proper precautions! Keep in mind that turkeys aren't the only food item that benefit from compressed air and gas technologies, however. MAP with nitrogen is commonly utilized in snacks, coffee, cheese, pasta, baked goods, sandwiches and processed meats. It is also becoming increasingly popular in fresh-cut produce, like pre-packaged salads and fruit, for convenience, quality, and more variety.
We hope everyone has a safe and happy Thanksgiving! Enjoy your time with family and friends, and if you'd like to learn more about compressed air and gas, you can find us at _URL_

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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The relationship of critical thinking disposition and self-efficacy to work excitement among registered nurses in the practice setting
Date of Completion
Health Sciences, Nursing|Psychology, Industrial|Education, Curriculum and Instruction
Diminished economic resources and increased patient care responsibilities have dramatically altered the current environment of health care delivery. Some individuals have responded to the recent health care changes by becoming dissatisfied, demoralized, and ultimately leaving the practice setting. Others have continued to thrive professionally remaining excited and committed to their work. Nurses who have managed to maintain work excitement in these changing times may demonstrate attributes of critical thinking disposition and self-efficacy. ^ This investigation examined the independent variables of critical thinking disposition and self-efficacy to determine to what extent and in what manner these two constructs influence variation in work excitement. Data for this investigation was collected from registered nurses practicing in an urban healthcare facility in Connecticut. A demographic survey and three research instruments, the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory, the General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Work Excitement Survey were administered. A Pearson correlation-coefficient determined that a statistically significant relationship between the independent variables and work excitement existed. Multiple regression procedures determined that a combination of critical thinking skills and self-efficacy are more predictive of variance in work excitement than either critical thinking or self-efficacy examined individually. ^ The results of this investigation suggest that critical thinking disposition and self-efficacy may play an important role in the experience of work excitement for nurses. Specifically, the results of the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory indicated that three sub-scale dispositions, Open-mindedness, Inquisitiveness and Confidence were significantly correlated with Work Excitement. When self-efficacy was entered into the model its influence outweighed that of critical thinking disposition. ^ Work excitement may be an important measure of the quality of life in an organization that provides patient care. Fostering a positive learning environment and encouraging the pursuit of advanced education in nursing may enhance work excitement, and increase self-efficacy and creativity in practice. Supportive experiences for nurses throughout their education and careers can reinforce a sense of mastery and positively influence the practice experience thus supporting better patient outcomes. ^
Glendon, Mary Ann DiTolla, "The relationship of critical thinking disposition and self-efficacy to work excitement among registered nurses in the practice setting" (2002). Doctoral Dissertations. AAI3050190.


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posted by jess .
how do i solve the following problem?
Nitrogen dioxide decomposes to nitric oxide and oxygen via the reaction:
2NO2 → 2NO + O2
In a particular experiment at 300°C, [NO2] drops from 0.0100 to 0.00650 M in 100 s. The rate of
Disappearance of NO2 for this period is __________ M/s.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


If you think that the computer that you are using is not trustworthy, for example when using a public computer in a library, everything that you type might be recorded by a hardware keylogger.
You can use the GNOME screen keyboard to protect you against a hardware keylogger when typing passwords and sensitive text. To display the screen keyboard, see the corresponding documentation.


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Statistics and Its Interface
Volume 7 (2014)
Special Issue on Modern Bayesian Statistics (Part I)
Guest Editor: Ming-Hui Chen (University of Connecticut)
Fully probabilistic knowledge expression and incorporation
Pages: 503 – 515
An exploitation of prior knowledge in parameter estimation becomes vital whenever measured data is not informative enough. Elicitation of quantified prior knowledge is a well-elaborated art in societal and medical applications but not in the engineering ones. Frequently required involvement of a facilitator is mostly unrealistic due to either facilitator's high costs or complexity of modelled relationships that cannot be grasped by humans. This paper provides a facilitator-free approach based on an advanced knowledge-sharing methodology. It presents the approach on commonly available types of knowledge and applies the methodology to a normal controlled autoregressive model.
Bayesian estimation, automatised knowledge elicitation, just-in-time modelling, controlled autoregressive model
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification
Primary 62C10, 62F15. Secondary 62M10.


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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate how Lean Six Sigma (LSS) may help mitigate the impact of COVID-19 within health care environments. The goals of this study were to understand the current knowledge of LSS and COVID-19 through a systematic review of the current literature, identify the gap in the current knowledge of LSS in COVID-19 mitigation within health care environments and define the principles of LSS, within organizational resilience that support a health care organization's ability to mitigate the impact of COVID-19.
Design/methodology/approach: A narrative literature review was conducted to identify relevant research. A total of 21 subject matter experts (SMEs) meeting the inclusion criteria were approached through a guided interview process. Content analysis was conducted to describe how LSS principles contribute to supporting health care organizations operating in the era of COVID-19.
Findings: Study results report that personal safety is the primary subject, followed by supporting dimensions of process redesign, and telemedicine. LSS topics that directly relate to COVID-19 are in four thematic areas: tools, applications, benefits and challenges. Particular areas of application, techniques, challenges and benefits are identified and discussed that could be applied proactively and reactively, to organizational and supply chain resilience to recover from COVID-19.
Research limitations/implications: There were a number of limitations to the generalizability of this work. The sample size was small and purposeful, thus, external validity of the study results are not determined. The SMEs in this study have not implemented the practices noted in the results at the time of the study, and knowledge of results is limited to the study aims.
Originality/value: This study of LSS principles and COVID-19 has implications for practitioners and offers specific guidance for areas of health care adoption of LSS techniques and tools that benefit patient safety, challenges for the user to be mindful of and potential benefits in resilience of operations in the era of COVID-19.
- Health care
- Lean six sigma
- Organizational resilience
- Supply chain resilience
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Strategy and Management
- Management Science and Operations Research
- Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering


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If you're looking for some small cacti with unusual shapes and forms, the bishop's caps are just the thing.
Also known as the star cactus, there are several species in this group. These are native to Southwestern U.S., and Mexico. Blooming in late summer, they are sometimes spiny.
Unlike the very tropical cacti, these can tolerate cooler temperatures during the winter.
The star cactus or bishop's caps need a coarse, well drained mix. They need to be kept pretty dry during the winter when they are resting.
If growing outdoors in warm climates, they benefit from a little partial shade during the hot afternoons. Otherwise, they need full sun.
There are several species of the bishop's cap cactus, including the following.
Bishop's cap (Astrophytum myriostigma)
This low growing cactus is noted for its unusual form. With an overall globular shape, the five ribs are arranged so they resemble the angles one would see on a bishop's miter. Scattered randomly over the surface are tiny white spots. When the sun is out during the day, the large vivid yellow blooms emerge in clusters from the crown of the plant.
As young plants, these tend to be very slow growing. When mature, they reach about eight inches across. One unusual feature of the bishop's cap is that this species is spineless.
Goat's horn (Astrophytum carpricorne)
This plant is named for the twisted spines. Goat's horn grows in the form of a globe with about eight ribs from which the spines emerge. It can reach almost ten inches in height. There are silvery tinges decorating the body.
The rather open, funnel-like blooms are yellow with red centers.
Monk's hood (Astrophytum ornatum)
Also known as star cactus, this species forms a chubby globe. The eight folds or ribs are arranged spirally. As the plant becomes older, it assumes a columnar shape. This eventually grows to be about seven feet or so in height. This has tufts of stiff, sharp, tan spines. Funnel-shaped, the monk's hood blooms are vivid yellow. Monk's hood has lovely silver spots.
Sand dollar (Astrophytum asterias)
Also known as sea urchin cactus, this low growing, and somewhat flattened cactus has a dome shaped body with prominent indentations that resemble ribs. This has particularly attractive white spots that dot the body. In addition, there are tufted areoles, which are scattered about as well on the surface. The yellow blooms arise from the crown. These have a prominent red center. This species has large tufts of slender, tan spines.


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Penguins on a treadmill - the latest (and most bizarre) way to save the planet
Scientists put monitors on birds in expirement to chart global warming
Last updated at 21:17pm on 7th April 2007
They may look absolutely bizarre... but these king penguins struggling on a treadmill could help to save the planet.
Scientists from Birmingham University have fitted 50 of the birds with special heart-rate monitors in an experiment designed to measure global warming.
They will record how much energy the birds are using in order to feed themselves. If the data shows they are making longer trips further into the oceans to find fish, it may prove waters are warming up and climate change is taking place.
Dr Lewis Halsey, of the university's School of Biosciences, said: "We are fairly confident that there have been changes in the southern oceans where these penguins live. We expect they will also have to change what they are doing when they go into the sea to feed.
"The lantern fish the penguins eat are going to be moving further south into colder waters as the southern oceans increase in temperature due to global warming.
"The penguins are going to have to go further afield - and burn more calories - to find them.
"We use the heart-rate monitors to find out how hard the penguins are working. Over time they will be working harder to find the fish."
The 'guinea pig' penguins live on the Crozet Islands, in the southern Indian Ocean, about 1,500 miles north of the Antarctic.
The monitors record each penguin's heart rate, location, the surrounding pressure and hence water depth, and the temperature at the back of its throat, telling the scientists when it has swallowed a cold fish.
The birds, famously awkward and ungainly on land, are released back into the wild to go on their usual diving expeditions and caught again a few months later when they return to land to breed.
The data from all their fishing trips can then be downloaded to a computer for study, and the penguins return to the colony.
The problem for the scientists was working out the relationship between the penguins' heart rates and how much energy they were expending.
To do this, ten penguins were placed on treadmills so their heart rates could be measured at the same time as breathing rate - calculated by putting the treadmill in a sealed, clear plastic box and monitoring how much oxygen they used.
The treadmill was speeded up and slowed down to find out how the penguin's heart rates changed at different levels of activity.
Then their height, weight and flipper length were compared to the heart rate and energy use.
This can be compared with birds living in the wild to see how much energy they use.
King penguins are the second largest penguins after the emperor species. They are about 3ft tall and can dive to 700ft, staying under water for up to 15 minutes.


Working Days between dates
Working Days between dates
I'm looking to try and find away to calulate working days between two dates in a module; I know this has been addressed in a previous post, but it's from 2014 and I can't seem to access the supporting docs. that really show me what I need.
I'm a new model builder so any assitance would be appriciated, and apologies if this has been covered elsewhere and I've not found it.
Regular Contributor
Re: Working Days between dates
Hi Ceri,
This requirement can be acheived in the following manner:
1) Create a module(say, "Time Mappings") to maintain the working day mappings with time scale set as "Day", as shown in below screenshot:
 a) Working Day Check (Line item 1): A boolean formatted line item
 b) Cumulative Working Days (Line item 2): A number formatted line item with formula "CUMULATE(IF Working Day Check THEN 1 ELSE 0)"
The first line should be maintained manually and it will be a yearly activity done by an admin (Working days as to be checked manually, as shown in screenshot below)
2) An example module to hold your start and end dates and to calculate number of working days:
Formula for calculating number of working days = "Time Mappings.Cumulative Working Days[LOOKUP: Date Input.End Date] - Time Mappings.Cumulative Working Days[LOOKUP: Date Input.Start Date] + 1"
Based on the inputs given in Step 1 and Step 2, you can see the number of working days as "5" in Jan 17 column.
Hope this example will solve your query. Let me know, if you need further explanation on this.
CA Pavan Kumar
Re: Working Days between dates
That's great, thanks for your help.
Regular Contributor
Re: Working Days between dates
Occasional Contributor
Re: Working Days between dates
There is a formula on this page
that will help translate from the excel NETWORKDAYS function to Anaplan. Hope this helpg
Certified Master Anaplanner
Re: Working Days between dates
This is something my team has been trying to solve for as we needed to calculate the # of working days in each month for personnel planning. The provided solution is workable but had a bit more manual admin work than would be ideal for our situation. I was able take the outline provided and leverage the WEEKDAY() formula to automate the determination of which dates to include/exclude from working days.
See below for breakdown of my solution:
 1. Create Date Input Module
 1. Create 2 date formatted lines for start and end date
 2. Create number formatted line item for # of cumulative Working Days as of the end date (this will reference the module created in the next step) Formula: Time Mappings.Cumulated Working Days[LOOKUP: End Date]
 Date Input - Working Day.PNG
 1. Create Time Mappings module with a timescale set to Day
 1. Create a number formatted line item to pull in the day of the week for that specific date. Formula: WEEKDAY(START())
 2. Create a number formatted line item to determine the number of Working Days. The formula will define which days of the week will be your non-working day (in the US that is generally Saturday (day 6) and Sunday (day 7). Formula: IF Day of Week = 6 OR Day of Week = 7 THEN 0 ELSE 1
 3. Create Boolean formatted line item to determine which dates have working days between the two specified dates. Formula: START() >= Date Input.Start Date AND END() <= Date Input.End Date AND Working Day > 0
 4. Create number formatted line it to calculate the cumulative number of working days where the Boolean is marked true. Formula: CUMULATE(IF Include in Cumulated? THEN 1 ELSE 0)
 Time Mapping - Working Day.PNG
This solution allowed us to systematically calculate workday for all of our planning periods so wanted to share should it be helpful to anyone else in the future.


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A computer vision system to predict outbreaks of diseases such as botrytis and mildew in strawberry crops, has gained funding from a Knowledge Transfer Partnership (KTP).
The joint project between fruit growers and preservers Wilkin & Sons and academic experts at the University of Essex aims to monitor and prevent disease. It is to use a drone to monitor the crop using computer vision and Internet of Things (IoT) with the goal of reducing inputs and improving yield.
Wilkin's ambition is to innovate and become more productive in terms of yield for the strawberry growing arm of the business, while minimising any negative environmental impacts from their operations across their 850-acre farm.
Chris Newenham, Joint Managing Director of Wilkin & Sons, says the company is looking to enhance monitoring of disease within the crop through solutions which are currently not available 'off-the-shelf'. University of Essex is home to experts in computer vision, hyperspectral analysis and plant physiology that will build a bespoke system to solve their business need.
Dr Hossein Anisi is Head of the Internet of Everything (IoE) Laboratory at the University of Essex. He says: "This interdisciplinary project gives us the opportunity to implement the latest techniques in IoT and wireless sensor networks using valuable, real world data."
Computer vision system to predict disease risk
A full-time KTP Associate will be recruited and based at Wilkin's Tiptree farm, to lead the research using cutting-edge hyperspectral analysis and computer vision technologies. They will be working with Wilkin's farming General Manager to develop the novel disease monitoring and predication system.
Robert Walker, Head of Business Engagement at the University of Essex, comments that the project to design a computer vision system to predict disease aligns with its ambition to deliver innovation across agriculture. "Essex has expertise in computer vision, embedded systems and plant science, as shown in the recent launch of EPIC – the Essex Plant Innovation Centre, which aims to harmonise the interdisciplinary challenges associated with embedding technology in this industry. I'm delighted to announce this award from Innovate UK to supercharge our ambition in this space."


the umpire. The back judge ensures that the defensive team has no more than 11 players on the field and determines whether catches are legal, whether field goal or extra point attempts are good, and whether a pass interference violation occurred. The back judge is also responsible for the play clock, the time between each play, when a visible play clock is not used.
 - The head linesman/down judge is positioned on one end of the line of scrimmage. The head linesman/down judge watches for any line-of-scrimmage and illegal use-of-hands violations and assists the line judge with illegal shift or illegal motion calls. The head linesman/down judge also rules on out-of-bounds calls that happen on their side of the field, oversees the chain crew and marks the forward progress of a runner when a play has been whistled dead.
 - The side judge is positioned twenty yards downfield of the head linesman. The side judge mainly duplicates the functions of the field judge. On field goal and extra point attempts, the side judge is positioned lateral to the umpire.
 - The line judge is positioned on the end of the line of scrimmage, opposite the head linesman. They supervise player substitutions, the line of scrimmage during punts, and game timing. The line judge notifies the referee when time has expired at the end of a quarter and notifies the head coach of the home team when five minutes remain for halftime. In the NFL, the line judge also alerts the referee when two minutes remain in the half. If the clock malfunctions or becomes inoperable, the line judge becomes the official timekeeper.
 - The field judge is positioned twenty yards downfield from the line judge. The field judge monitors and controls the play clock, counts the number of defensive players on the field and watches for offensive pass interference and illegal use-of-hands violations by offensive players. The field judge also makes decisions regarding catches, recoveries, the ball spot when a player goes out of bounds, and illegal touching of fumbled balls that have crossed the line of scrimmage. On field goal and extra point attempts, the field judge is stationed under the upright opposite the back judge.
 - The center judge is an eighth official used only in the top level of college football. The center judge stands lateral to the referee, the same way the umpire does in the NFL. The center judge is responsible for spotting the football after each play and has many of the same responsibilities as the referee, except announcing penalties.
Safety and brain health
Football is a full-contact sport, and injuries are relatively common. Most injuries occur during training sessions, particularly ones that involve contact between players.[113] To try to prevent injuries, players are required to wear a set of equipment. At a minimum players must wear a football helmet and a set of shoulder pads, but individual leagues may require additional padding such as thigh pads and guards, knee pads, chest protectors, and mouthguards.[114][115][116] Most injuries occur in the lower extremities, particularly in the knee, but a significant number also affect the upper extremities. The most common types of injuries are strains, sprains, bruises, fractures, dislocations, and concussions.[113]
Repeated concussions (and possibly sub-concussive head impacts[117]) can increase a person's risk in later life for CTE (chronic traumatic encephalopathy) and mental health issues such as dementia, Parkinson's disease, and depression.[118] Concussions are often caused by helmet-to-helmet or upper-body contact between opposing players, although helmets have prevented more serious injuries such as skull fractures.[119] Various programs are aiming to reduce concussions by reducing the frequency of helmet-to-helmet hits; USA Football's "Heads Up Football" program aims to reduce concussions in youth football by teaching coaches and players about the signs of a concussion, the proper way to wear football equipment and ensure it fits, and proper tackling methods that avoid helmet-to-helmet contact.[120] However, a study in the Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine found that Heads Up Football was ineffective; the same study noted that more extensive reforms implemented by Pop Warner Little Scholars and its member teams were effective in significantly reducing concussion rates.[121]
A 2018 study performed by the VA Boston Healthcare System and the Boston University School of Medicine found that tackle football before age 12 was correlated with earlier onset of symptoms of CTE, but not with symptom severity. More specifically, each year a player played tackle football under age 12 predicted earlier onset of cognitive, behavioral, and mood problems by an average of two and a half years.[122][123][124]
Leagues and tournaments
The National Football League (NFL) and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) are the most popular football leagues in the United States.[125] The National Football League was founded in 1920[126] and has since become the largest and most popular sport in the United States.[127] The NFL has the highest average attendance of any sporting league in the world, with an average attendance of 66,960 during the 2011 NFL season.[128] The NFL championship game is called the Super Bowl, and is among the biggest events in club sports worldwide.[129] It is played between the champions of the National Football Conference (NFC) and the American Football Conference (AFC), and its winner is awarded the Vince Lombardi Trophy.[130]
A high school football game during the first quarter
College football is the third-most popular sport in the United States, behind professional baseball and professional football.[131] The NCAA, the largest collegiate organization, is divided into three Divisions: Division I, Division II and Division III.[132] Division I football is further divided into two subdivisions: the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) and the Football Championship Subdivision (FCS).[133] The champions of each level of play are determined through NCAA-sanctioned playoff systems; while the champion of Division I-FBS was historically determined by various polls and ranking systems, the subdivision adopted a four-team playoff system in 2014.[134]
Other professional leagues
Several professional football leagues have been formed outside the auspices of the NFL. One such league, the XFL, is currently operating as of 2020.[137]
Rival leagues
The most successful league to directly compete with the NFL was the American Football League (AFL), which existed from 1960 to 1969. The AFL became a significant rival in 1964 before signing a five-year, US$36 million television deal with NBC. AFL teams began signing NFL players to contracts, and the league's popularity grew to challenge that of the NFL. The two leagues merged in the 1970 season, and all the AFL teams joined the NFL. An earlier league, the All-America Football Conference (AAFC), was in play from 1946 to 1949. After it had dissolved, two AAFC teams, the Cleveland Browns and the San Francisco 49ers, became members of the NFL; another member, the Baltimore Colts joined the league, but folded after just a year in the NFL.[138]
Other attempts to start rival leagues since the AFL merged with the NFL in 1970 have been far less successful, as professional football salaries and the NFL's television contracts began to escalate out of the reach of competitors and the NFL covered more of the larger cities. The World Football League (WFL) played for two seasons, in 1974 and 1975, but faced such severe monetary issues it could not pay its players. In its second and final season the WFL attempted to establish a stable credit rating, but the league disbanded before the season could be completed.[139] The United States Football League (USFL) operated for three seasons from 1983 to 1985. Originally not intended as a rival league, the entry of owners who sought marquee talent and to challenge the NFL led to an escalation in salaries and ensuing financial losses. A subsequent US$1.5 billion antitrust lawsuit against the NFL was successful in court, but the league was awarded only $1 in damages, which was automatically tripled to $3 under antitrust law.[140]
Complementary national leagues
The original XFL was created in 2001 by Vince McMahon and lasted for only one season. Despite television contracts with NBC and UPN, and high expectations, the XFL suffered from low quality of play and poor reception for its use of tawdry professional wrestling gimmicks, which caused initially high ratings and attendance to collapse.[141] (The current XFL, also owned by McMahon, does not include those gimmicks.) The United Football League (UFL) began in 2009 but folded after suspending its 2012 season amid declining interest and lack of major television coverage.[142] The Alliance of American Football lasted less than one season, unable to keep investors.[143]
International play
American football leagues exist throughout the world, but the game has yet to achieve the international success and popularity of baseball and basketball.[144] It is not an Olympic sport, but it was a demonstration sport at the 1932 Summer Olympics.[1] At the international level, Canada, Mexico, and Japan are considered to be second-tier, while Austria, Germany, and France would rank among a third tier. These countries rank far below the United States, which is dominant at the international level.[145]
NFL Europa, the developmental league of the NFL, operated from 1991 to 1992 and then from 1995 to 2007. At the time of its closure, NFL Europa had five teams based in Germany and one in the Netherlands.[146] In Germany, the German Football League (GFL) has 16 teams


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One of the strongest aspects of the CEC Middle College of Denver is its diverse, dedicated and talented staff. Ask any student and he or she will tell you that it's the teachers and administrators who make a difference at our school. Because of the smaller population of CEC, staff and students get the chance to know and trust each other along their educational journeys. This week DoSomethingReal.com highlights the leader of our school.
Take a moment and get to know our principal, Scott Springer.
"I want to be a drummer. I want to be a drummer." These words form some of my earliest memories as a little kid. As I grew older, my passion for drumming stayed and my language changed to, "I want to be a professional drummer." Much to my father's disappointment this was my career goal all the way through high school and my first year of college. After my first year of college, I began thinking I could be a professional drummer without paying expensive tuition each year just to receive a 'piece of paper', a degree, that said I could play drums. However, my passion for music went beyond just playing. I wanted to understand as much as I could about music. At that point, I also realized that I enjoyed teaching private drum lessons, so I thought, "Why not combine my love of playing with my ability to pass my knowledge onto others? " I changed my major from Music Performance to Music Education.
Three years later, I was teaching middle school band for the Denver Public Schools at Kunsmiller Middle School. At the same time, I was playing with a jazz group, Medicine Bow Quartet, in clubs all around Denver, Boulder, Glenwood Springs, and many other towns around Colorado. Needless to say, I wasn't getting a lot of sleep during that time, but I was doing two things I loved – playing and teaching.
I spent the next 13 years teaching music after that at Horace Mann Middle School and East High School. During these years, I continued to go to school, earning my master's degree in music education and a second master's degree in school administration. I was asked by DPS to be part of the leadership academy, although I really had no intention of ever being a school administrator. But, before I knew it, I was interviewing for an assistant principal job at Lake Middle School. I got the job and began my career as an administrator. I loved working at Lake, but my passion for music and the arts remained strong, so, after a couple years, I found an opportunity to be an assistant principal at the Denver School of the Arts. It was a great place to see just what a really good arts education can do for students.
I never thought I wanted to be a principal, but opportunities present themselves and it's always good to keep your options open and to keep growing, so, when the principal job at CEC opened, I decided to pursue the opportunity. It wasn't really that much of a leap. Kids at DSA are pursuing their love of art, and the students at CEC have the opportunity to pursue their passion also. I love leading a building where students can begin to explore and then prepare for their career aspirations.
CEC is a wonderful place to come to work each and every day. The school is filled with dedicated teachers and students who are truly involved in their own education.


text:
Robert A. was visiting Chicago a few weeks ago and discovered something very interesting. He was sightseeing inside the ornate Chicago Cultural Center and noticed this frieze on the ceiling:
This is the Grand Army of the Republic Rotunda. Taking a closer look at the corner:
Here's a sharp photo someone else took of the Don't Tread on Me frieze.
Is that neat, or what?
Robert and I are intrigued and want to learn more. I've never seen this combination of symbols before. Was it some flourish of the architect? Did the designer make it up, or reproduce it from somewhere?
The Chicago Cultural Center was opened in 1893. It was originally a dual-purpose building: a Chicago public library, and a museum/meeting hall for the Grand Army of the Republic veterans association.
Robert found a booklet entitled "The People's Palace: The Story of the Chicago Cultural Center" which briefly mentions the rotunda:
"At the top of the stairway is the 45-foot by 50-foot Grand Army of the Republic (G.A.R.) Rotunda. The ceiling is embossed with plaster carvings of swords, shields, helmets, and flags. This ornamental heraldry serves to remind viewers of the loss that comes with war."
That's not much, and sounds a little bit like politically-correct pap to me. How does that frieze symbolize the loss that comes with war?
I find it interesting that these symbols aren't from the Civil War. They're from the American Revolution: the Liberty Cap, the Liberty Tree, and our Don't Tread on Me snakes. To the degree that DTOM symbols were used in the Civil War, it's my understanding that they were used by the South, not the North. This dome and hall were funded and used by the GAR, i.e. Union veterans.
Does anyone have insights?


Take the 2-minute tour ×
How to randomly execute one command within specified list of command? Helpful for randomly choosing startup sound, wallpaper or executing commands.
In General, if I have commands for execution as follows then How do I get randomness:?
Then I want to execute randomly only one command from above possibilities when script is run!
How to do that?
share|improve this question
Practical example: askubuntu.com/a/257471/163331 – Parto Jul 7 at 5:53
_USER_ I already added as answer before – Pandya Jul 7 at 5:57
I was not trying to answer, was just giving an example where it can be used. – Parto Jul 7 at 5:58
3 Answers 3
up vote 20 down vote accepted
The variable $RANDOM (actually a bash function) returns a random number from 0 to 32767 inclusive.
You would typically want to limit its range by dividing it by some number and take its remainder, eg.
# output a random number 0 to 3
echo $((RANDOM % 4))
In this simplistic example it'll be very slightly biased for any divisor that doesn't divide equally into 32768 (eg, anything that isn't a power of two), but in your scenario I don't think you'd be troubled by a slight bias.
To pick a random file, you'd name your files something like:
And then you can pick a random one with
# output a random file from file0.jpg to file3.jpg
echo "file$((RANDOM % 4)).jpg"
share|improve this answer
You may want to post it as your own answer - it then could earn you reputation. – neon_overload Jul 7 at 5:43
helpful use of RANDOM, I accepted! – Pandya Jul 7 at 5:55
Note that RANDOM % N doesn't result in an equal distribution unless the number of possible values of RANDOM (32768) is divisible by N. To see this, imagine the range of RANDOM was instead 0-4 (5 possible values), and N is 2: there's three ways for $RANDOM % 2 to yield 0 (if $RANDOM yields 0, 2, 4) but two ways for it to yield 1 (1, 3). For an equal distribution you'd have to find the greatest multiple of N that's smaller than 32767 and ignore any random values that are larger than that. In the previous example that'd amount to ignoring 5, which is larger than 4. – Doval Jul 7 at 14:43
_USER_ I said that in my answer, did you see it? – neon_overload Jul 8 at 2:05
_USER_ My bad, I missed that bit. – Doval Jul 8 at 11:42
According to _USER_ answer (using RANDOM),
I can put RANDOM in example script as follows (for 4 commands):
random_selection=$((RANDOM % 4))
case $random_selection in
share|improve this answer
If you want randomness through an external site rather than one generated by your computer, you can use this script:
curl "_URL_
Run as rand (MIN) (MAX) (assuming you save as /usr/bin/rand)
You might have to install curl first (sudo apt-get install curl) if it is not already installed.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
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text:
Oil is essential for preparing any cuisine to be it sunflower oil, mustard oil or any other. It varies in fat content, flavour and heat roasting level. With the trend of consuming everything "organic", there are discussions about the difference between organic and Non-organic cooking oils. For your health and fitness, you want to get the best quality oil for cooking. As a resident of places like Delhi, NCR and Gurgaon, you have easy accessibility of organic and non-organic oils. So, before preparing your shopping list, consider these differences:
GMO VS Natural:
Initially, the GMO oilseeds were considered okay, but later it was found that it poses the threat of developing dangerous toxins that may lead to diseases. The seeds of the organically grown do not have any genetic changes done to increase nutritional value.
Eco-friendly Vs Non-eco-friendly:
Farmers use the chemicals to cultivate seeds in the form of farming fertilizers for nonorganic oils. Its production is harmful to nature as the synthesized substances make the soil unproductive. The pesticides applied reduce the quality of the product and kills the biodiversity. To the complete opposite, the organic oil seeds are grown without any chemical substances. You don't need to worry about any ill-effects on your health and environment. If you are environmentally conscious, naturally produce oils is the right choice.
Natural extraction Vs Chemical extraction:
The chemical solvent is used to extract non-organic oils from seeds. Its application on oilseeds pulls out the oil unnaturally. On the other hand, organic oils are extracted through an expeller machine. It is chemical-free and available in various varieties. You can even get natural regular and virgin coconut oil. Not only cooking oils but non-cooking ones such as flax oil is also organically produced.
Hopefully, these points have made a clear distinction between organic and non-organic oil. Visit the online or offline stores in Delhi, NCR or Gurgaon and make your purchase.


The Karabakh war is over. The crisis is not. What comes next?
First, I want to begin this analysis by posting the full translation of an article posted yesterday by the Russian webzine Vzgliad. I materially don't have the time to make my own translation, so what I will post is just a minimally retouched machine translation, I apologize for this.
original Russian text:
Five main mysteries of the second Karabakh war
by Evgenii Krutikov
The end of the second Karabakh war gave rise to many riddles and conspiracy theories. Indeed, some of the circumstances of this conflict are extremely mysterious, or at least paradoxical from the point of view of conventional military logic. Apparently, the Armenian leadership itself provoked a political catastrophe.
Let's list which riddles raise the biggest questions and provoke the appearance of "conspiracy theories" in Armenia (and not only).
1. Why was not a full-fledged mobilization carried out in Armenia, and full-fledged military units were not deployed to the conflict area?
Despite loud Patriotic statements, there was no real mobilization in Armenia. The permanent number of the Armenian army – about 50 thousand people-was increased only by volunteers. While the conditions of the fighting required to increase the number of defenders of Karabakh to 80-100 thousand people at least. At the same time, very soon the lack of specialists (for example, artillery calculations and MLRS) began to affect the front in the Armenian army. There was no one to fill in the losses.
It is inexplicable why Yerevan did not conduct a real mobilization. The Armenian leadership simply avoids talking about this topic. If there was a mobilization plan, no one tried to implement it. As a result, there was no rotation of military personnel on the first line, in some areas people were sitting in the trenches for a month without a shift. 18-20-year-olds were on the front line, and at some point the untrained youth made up up to 80% of the personnel. The Karabakh detachments, made up of professionals and veterans, suffered heavy losses in the first week, which there was no one and nothing to make up for, since there were simply no reinforcements.
Groups of volunteers in Armenia were formed along party lines. The scandal was caused by an attempt to form a separate detachment of the prosperous Armenia party named after the oligarch Gagik Tsarukyan, who is now Pashinyan's main opponent. The two have been in conflict for more than a decade. Now the Prime Minister openly calls Tsarukyan "the culprit of the fall of Shusha", since his phantom squad allegedly did not have enough at the front to win. These conflicts could have been avoided simply by having a mobilization plan and a desire to implement it.
The main military forces of Armenia did not move to Karabakh. But in order to relieve the tension created by Azerbaijani UAVs, it was enough to simply relocate early detection locators to Goris. And one army corps would have been enough to cover the southern direction even at the stage when the Azerbaijanis were languidly marking time in front of the first line of defense. Proper supplies were not organized, and after a month of fighting, this led to a shortage of missiles for the MLRS and shells for the barrel artillery. And without artillery support, the infantry can only die heroically.
All this borders on sabotage, although it may be partly explained by local sloppiness and unwillingness to weaken the defense of Armenia proper. The latter is a very controversial position and it looks like the Armenian leadership has simply abandoned Karabakh to its fate.
2. Why did the Northern front behave so strangely?
In the North and North-East of Karabakh, in the area of the Kyrgyz Republic, there was a large fortified area of the Armenian defense, which included very combat-ready units. And they really put up a serious resistance to the advancing Azerbaijani group and in the end actually stopped it (losing, however, several positions and significant villages).
But after that, the elite Yehnikner battalion suddenly retreated, although its commander managed to get the "Hero of Artsakh". Moreover, since October 3, neither "Ehnikner" nor any military unit at all was removed from the Northern front and was not transferred to help the burning South. At the same time, the Azerbaijanis only once decided to simulate an offensive in the North again, clearly for distracting purposes. There was no need to keep up to 20 thousand people in the North.
The Karabakh Leadership informally explains all this with a lack of resources. But now the" lack of resources " in Karabakh explains everything.
3. Why did the southern front collapse?
The fact that the main blow is being inflicted by the Azerbaijanis in the South, in the steppe zone, was visible to the naked eye already in the first few days of the war. Nevertheless, resources – human and technical-began to arrive on the southern front when this front was no longer in fact there. The steppe zone was lost, and the front stopped along the edge of the mountains from Krasny Bazar to Martuni. As a result, up to 30 thousand people defending Karabakh have accumulated in this area. They were threatened with complete encirclement and death, which was one of the reasons for signing the ceasefire agreement. At the same time, before the occupation of Jabrayil, the Azerbaijani troops advanced very slowly, disrupting their own pace of attack. This gave the Armenians a small, but still a head start in order to understand the situation and engage in relocation.
After the occupation of Jabrayil, the front began to fall apart, and the advance of the Azerbaijanis sharply accelerated. The moment was lost.
For some reason, the Armenian command has not made a decision about the transfer of additional resources to the southern front? This is another mystery.
4. Why did the Armenian side limit itself to passive defense?
During the entire war, the Armenian side only twice attempted a counterattack against the advanced units of the Azerbaijanis who were running far ahead. Both times this happened opposite Lachin in a narrow gorge, with the extreme vulnerability of the Azerbaijani battalion-tactical group (BTG). Once even successfully. But these operations were simply reduced to a massive attack by the MLRS on enemy clusters. Operations to block the gorge and encircle the enemy in other sections of the southern front were suggested. But not a single Armenian unit moved. An amazing war in which one of the parties did not conduct a single offensive operation on the ground, limited only and exclusively to passive defense.
A successful counteroffensive in the gorge before Lachin would have crushed so many Azerbaijani forces in the cauldron that they would not have thought about attacking Shusha for at least a couple of weeks. And later it was quite possible to destroy the Azerbaijani infantry in the ravine Averatec. But it took a lot of effort.
There is no explanation for why the Armenian side did not even try to counterattack or use other methods to use the operational advantage that it repeatedly had. The lack of resources can only be referred to endlessly in the last stages of warfare, but passive defense has been a constant tactic since the beginning of the war.
5. Why was Shusha handed over?
The most sensitive and incomprehensible question. The first assault on the city by Azerbaijani infantry was extremely unsuccessful. Then the second column of Azerbaijanis was covered by the MLRS strike. With some effort and assistance from Armenia, the Azerbaijani group that broke through to the city could be destroyed. However, suddenly a decision is made to leave the city without a fight and not to attempt to liberate it with the favorable operational and tactical situation remaining for another day.
It is believed that the decision to leave Shusha was made by NKR President Araik Harutyunyan and Secretary of the NKR security Council General Samvel Babayan, a local legend. Now, in protest against the signing of the armistice, he left his post and renounced the title of Hero of Artsakh. The Armenian YouTube channel "Lurer" ("news") published a recording of Babayan and Harutyunyan's talks, from which it follows that General Babayan really considered the possibility of recapturing Shusha even after its abandonment,but the further prospect of resistance was very gloomy.
Fragment of a conversation (not translated verbatim): "Let's calculate the (combat) task. Twenty, thirty volleys of the "Smerch" MLRS blanket Shushi. We kill everyone there. Taking the city back. What's next? The state of the army and the civilian population does not allow for war. We gave battle, took Shushi, then what? ( … ) we Can't fight with the NATO army, with mercenaries, fully equipped… I tried to organize an operation with three battalions yesterday. We only have four howitzers. If we are not provided with artillery, how will you ensure the offensive or cut off his (the enemy's) tails? (…) Today we must finally negotiate with Russia that we are handing over these territories and leaving them. Or they help us. Imagine that we have two Grads for the entire army today, a dozen howitzers, for which we have no shells."
To sum up, General Babayan believed that resistance was useless at this stage of the fighting. We must refuse to continue the war and either surrender, or ask for ten days for an organized exit of the local population and the 30 thousand soldiers of the southern front who


2 min read
Maximising Confluence cache effectiveness
Thu, 21 Aug 2014
Maximising Confluence cache effectiveness
Maximising Confluence cache effectiveness
Fine-tuning your cache management is often a trade-off between performance and memory usage. These hints and tips thing I wish I'd known when I started working with Confluence will show you how to achieve optimum efficiency.
The beauty of caches
Even in a simplified version of Confluence architecture, there are many stages between a user requesting access to a page and the page actually appearing in front of them. Maximising your Confluence cache effectiveness is a matter of understanding the separate levels of caching:
 1. the user accesses the webpage via a browser
 2. this request goes through the internet, firewall and reverse proxy and hits Confluence
 3. Confluence communicates with the database and storage media
 4. the information is passed back through the whole chain again and is displayed
This process can take ages particularly if you're loading a large amount of content. Caches are wonderful little components which allow the storage of data you've previously accessed in small reserves along the way, so that the next time you request it, your request doesn't have to travel through each stage.
Where are your caches?
There are three main points at which the responses to data requests can be cached:
 1. Your browser - browser caches are particularly useful for static content like CSS, Java Script and images
 2. The reverse proxy - once again, this saves Confluence from handling the workload of static content
 3. In Confluence itself - storing information in memory saves Confluence the laborious task of searching the database and file system for each request
Maximising caching potential at each of these levels can reduce your application workload tremendously, resulting in a serious performance boost.
Tuning your caches
Confluence provides your cache usage statistics with the Cache Statistics page within the admin user interface. Make sure you select the advanced display, as it provides a lot more information. The goal here is to increase the size of the correct caches, which you can do based on the following priorities (in order of importance). Look for caches that:
 1. are 100% used
 2. have a high number of hits and misses
 3. are not 100% effective
 4. are not too large
Once youve identified your target caches, you should increase their size. However, be careful here try to avoid large caches as they will drain your memory exceptionally fast. The database queries cache is a prime example of one which will run out of memory well before it's tuned by this definition.
Finally, aim to keep the size of the cache larger than the number of content objects e.g. attachments, content, comments, groups, spaces and users.
Did you find this post useful? Stay tuned in to our blog for more hints and tips.
For information on how Adaptavist can maximise your investment and performance with Atlassian applications, contact us to discuss your needs.
with the Adaptanews monthly email


text:
This article was written by Nicole Levine, MFA. Nicole Levine is a Technology Writer and Editor for wikiHow. She has more than 20 years of experience creating technical documentation and leading support teams at major web hosting and software companies. Nicole also holds an MFA in Creative Writing from Portland State University and teaches composition, fiction-writing, and zine-making at various institutions.
The wikiHow Tech Team also followed the article's instructions and verified that they work.
This article has been viewed 9,023 times.
This wikiHow teaches you how to enable hardware/CPU virtualization in your PC's BIOS. The steps to enter the BIOS and make this change vary by PC manufacturer.
1Find out if your PC supports hardware virtualization. The best way to find out if your processor supports hardware virtualization is to download and run CPU identification utility from the manufacturer (usually Intel or AMD). X Research source
- Go to the Intel Processor Identification Utility page.
- Scroll down to your language and click the blue button that says pidenu47.msi (the number varies).
- Download the file.
- Double-click the file and then follow the on-screen instructions to run the tool.
- Click the CPU Technologies tab.
- If hardware virtualization is supported by this processor, the word ″Yes″ will appear next to ″Intel Virtualization Technology.″
- Go to the AMD Utilities page.
- Click AMD Virtualization™ Technology and Microsoft® Hyper-V™ System Compatibility Check Utility.
- Download and unzip the file.
- Open the unzipped folder and double-click amdhypev.exe.
- Follow the on-screen instructions to run the tool. If the system supports hardware virtualization, you'll see a message that says ″This system is compatible with Hyper-V.″
- Intel processors:
2Reboot your PC. You'll need to perform the next step as soon as the computer comes back up from the black screen, so be ready. X Research source
3Press the key that opens the BIOS as soon as the computer. This key varies by BIOS manufacturer, but it's usually Del, Esc, F1, F2, or F4. Tap the key about twice per second as soon as the screen goes black so you don't miss the BIOS.
- If the key you try doesn't work, reboot the computer again and try another key.
4Find the CPU configuration section. Look for a menu called Processor, CPU Configuration, Chipset, or Northbridge.
- You may have to follow a link called Advanced or Advanced Mode before you see any of these options.
5Look for the virtualization setting. Find the option or menu where you can enable virtualization. The name varies by computer, but try looking for any of the following names (or ones that are similar): Intel Virtualization Technology, AMD-V, Hyper-V, VT-X, Vanderpool, or SVM.
6Select the ″Enabled″ option. You may have to choose it from a drop-down menu or checklist.
- If you see either Intel VT-d or AMD IOMMU as options, enable it as well. X Research source
7Save your changes. Select the option that allows you to save your changes. You may have to choose an option called Exit first.
8Exit the BIOS. Once you've saved and exited the BIOS, the computer will reboot with hardware virtualization enabled.Advertisement
About this article
1. Reboot your PC.
2. Press the key that opens your BIOS.
3. Find the CPU configuration section.
4. Enable the virtualization option.
5. Save your changes.
6. Exit the BIOS and reboot.


text:
Background: CD122 is the Β chain of the receptors for IL-2 and IL-15, two key cytokines implicated in transplant rejection. HuABC2 (humanized IgG1, kappa) is the first high affinity anti-CD122 antibody created with potent inhibitory activity against both IL-2 and IL-15 mediated signaling. In a preliminary PD/PK study in normal cynomolgus monkeys, HuABC2 was well tolerated at a single dose of either 1 or 10 mg/kg and exhibited a half life of 3-7 days. Treated animals exhibited a transient, reversible depression in the number of CD8+ and CD16+ cells that were CD122+, an indication of effective IL-15 blockade. Methods: We tested HuABC2 as a monotherapy for the ability to prolong survival times of NHP recipients of life-sustaining kidney allografts. Two (ABO matched, MLR SI > 3) non-captive bred cynomolgus monkey pairs underwent heterotopic kidney allotransplantation after bilateral native nephrectomy. Animals were treated with 5 mg/kg HuABC2 IV immediately prior to surgery, and on days 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, 42, 56, and 70. Three additional monkeys underwent surgery and served as untreated controls. Results: The three untreated animals exhibited a mean survival time of 6 days (5,6,7). At 42 days post transplant, two of the four HuABC2 treated animals exhibited good health and normal kidney function. One of the treated animals displayed a serum creatinine of 2.6 mg/dl beginning on day 1, which ultimately progressed to 28.09 mg/dl on day 28, when it was sacrificed. The remaining animal exhibited serum creatinine <2 mg/dl until it rose to 15.64 mg/dl on day 42. Final survival times, organ histology, as well as hematologic, serum biochemistry, and lymphocyte subpopulation monitoring results will be presented. Conclusion: This is the first report of the efficacy of the mechanistically novel anti-CD122 humanized antibody HuABC2 used as the only treatment to substantially prolong the survival times of NHP recipients of kidney allografts. The unique target, immunosuppressive efficacy, and clinical tolerability of HuABC2 supports investing further efforts to develop this anti-CD122 antibody as a novel calcineurin inhibitor-sparing agent for prevention of transplant rejection.
Landolfi, N.: Stockholder, JN Biosciences. Tsurushita, N.: Employee, JN Biosciences, Stockholder, JN Biosciences. Tso, J.: Employee, JN Biosciences, Stockholder, JN Biosciences.
To cite this abstract in AMA style:Landolfi N, Ma A, Song L, Dun H, Hu Y, Chen H, Tsurushita N, Tso J. Monotherapy with HuABC2, a Novel Humanized Antibody Against CD122 (The IL-2/IL-15 Receptor β Chain), Prolongs the Survival Times of Non-Human Primate (NHP) Recipients of Life-Sustaining Renal Allografts [abstract]. Am J Transplant. 2013; 13 (suppl 5). _URL_ Accessed November 29, 2022.
« Back to 2013 American Transplant Congress


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Instructor Class Description
Time Schedule:
Alexandra A Filutowski
B CUSP 202
Bothell Campus
Introduction to Law
Introduction to the structure of the legal system. Covers how the United States legal system reflects and forms social values; resolves disputes; deals with criminal procedures; addresses torts and contracts; and examines the functioning of the Constitution. Offered: AWSp.
Class description
B CUSP 202 is a 5-credit course that introduces students to the fundamentals of US law and the US legal system. In class we will cover a variety of topics, including: the evolution of law, different bodies of law (constitutional, criminal, civil, etc.), the courts system (judicial process) and alternative dispute resolution methods (negotiation, mediation, arbitration). The course has intensive reading assignments from the required textbook, online articles and case opinions. Class discussions are integral to learning, as are in-class films, courthouse visit and homework assignments. Midterm and non-cumulative final exam.
Student learning goals
Knowledge of the US court system
Cursory knowledge of various laws affecting your rights as an individual in the United States and as a resident of Washington State
Develop skill in legal analysis and argument
Develop a legal vocabulary
General method of instruction
Lecture with Powerpoint slides with student involvement, group activities, pop quizzes, take-home assignments.
Recommended preparation
Class assignments and grading
Participation 10% Pop Quizzes 15% Homework 25% Midterm 25% Final Exam 25%
Last Update by Alexandra A Filutowski
Date: 01/23/2010


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I'm running an application that can't be resized by any means. The text drawn on the application is too small so I tried to use the magnifier to make my screen bigger but I've noticed that 200% zoom level gives you a substantially clearer picture than 150%.
What is the reason for this? Is there any way I can make my 150% zoom level more clear (as 200% is an overkill)? If not, are there any other alternatives I can freely zoom inside the screen without losing too much clarity?
share|improve this question
You mean by interpolation? – DragonLord Oct 2 '12 at 0:02
2 Answers 2
up vote 4 down vote accepted
200% (2x) zoom allows for simple pixel doubling, while 150% (1.5x) requires a more complex rescale algorithm; there's really no way to change this. Another application might do the resize to 150% in a different way that produces a clearer result than what you're using now, but you're always going to see a clearer result with an integral zoom factor (2x or 3x vs. 1.5x or 2.5x).
Hope this helps!
share|improve this answer
As Aaron explained, it is a simple matter of math. That is, while doubling, tripling, etc. results in each pixel simply being enlarged (each pixel becomes a block of four, nine, etc. pixels), scaling by 1.25x, etc. gives fractional results.
Technical Explanation
For example, if you want to magnify an area of the screen that is 10 pixels wide, doubling it is simply a matter of making a 20-pixel—wide area and copying each source pixel twice. But what happens if you want to make it 1.5x? You have to make an image that is 15 pixels wide, but since there are no half-pixels (sub-pixel rendering notwithstanding), you have to double every other pixel.
Now imagine trying to zoom to 175%. You would have to make an image that is 17.5 pixels wide. Wait, what‽ How do you make a 17.5-pixel—wide image? You can't! You have to round it to either 17 or 18 pixels wide, then double only some of the pixels using some even more messy formula. This makes the result even more unpleasant to look at and difficult to read.
Your best bet is to use a different program which uses advanced math to scale it nicely, similar to how emulators often employ different filters to scale low-resolution video-game consoles to high-resolution monitors.
Sadly, there don't currently seem to be any Windows zoom/magnification tools that support both fractional zooming and advanced filtering (my go-to tool, Xoomer turns out to not support either). I do know of a couple of a few programs that have potential:
 - Mooz has a nice, minimal interface with good results, but zooming doesn't seem to work, so I cannot tell if it can do fractional zooming.
 - On Screen Magnifier has lots of fancy features including numerous filters that can make the results look smooth and great, and it does have fractional zooming, but only for down-scaling! That is, shrinking to less than 1x (which no other magnification tool I can find does).
 - Virtual Magnifying Glass has a lot of features as well. The only fractional zoom level it supports is 1.5x (which is still more than other tools), and while it looks much better than the Windows Magnifier at 1.5x, it could be better with some filtering).
While none of these quite fit the bill, the bright side is that the above tools are all open-source and available on SourceForge, so you can easily put in a feature request to have them add the necessary features.
share|improve this answer
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text:
Use of a secure portable application device as a component of network centric operations
Edith Cowan University
Faculty of Computing, Health and Science
School of Computer and Security Science / Centre for Security Research
Network Centric Operations (NCO) allows an organisation to structure its people, processes and technology to gather and process information to ensure the right information gets to the right person at the right time in and the right form. NCO enables an organisation to achieve information superiority, and hence gain a competitive advantage.
A secure Portable Application Device (PAD) provides a safe and secure method of loading a trusted application into a host PC and then executes the application. A secure PAD is characterised as a USB storage device containing a trusted application which is stored in a protected partition to ensure the application is separated and protected and its integrity is preserved. The device will typically provide strong authentication to only allow an authorised user to load the trusted application into the host PC and full storage encryption to protect the confidentiality of the contents of the device. A secure PAD can be issued by an organisation to an individual to perform a secure transaction on an available host PC. The secure PAD will reduce the risk to the organisation that neither malicious software (resident on the host PC) will infect the secure PAD, nor sensitive data remnants (resulting from the transaction) will remain on the host PC hard disk drive after the secure PAD has been removed.
This paper considers how secure PADs can be utilised in a network centric organisation. The characteristics of NCO are identified and the functionality and capabilities of secure PADs are described. Using the characteristics of NCO and a specific use scenario an analysis is performed to determine whether a secure PAD is a suitable tool for a network centric organisation.


text:
Scripture: Genesis 24
- Students will review the story of Isaac and Rebekah.
- Students will learn Abraham sent his servant to find a wife for Isaac.
- Students will learn God wants our marriages to be strong and godly.
- Students will participate in an activity to help missionaries support strong, godly marriages in the mission field.
Guiding Question: How can you help missionaries encourage new Christians to have strong, godly marriages?
Materials: well printed decorative scripture on quality paper (test to make sure the ink doesn't run when decoupage glue is brushed over it), small canvases (preferably easy to hang on the wall), decoupage glue, paint brushes, dishes to pour decoupage glue into if needed
Procedure: Review the story of Abraham focusing especially when he sent his servant to find a wife for Isaac. Discuss with students the idea marriage is important to God and He wants our marriages to be strong and godly. Share with students how some missionaries are serving in cultures which do not encourage or support these strong, godly marriages. If possible, contact a missionary and have them share photos and stories from their efforts to encourage marriages where they serve. (Be sure to contact them ahead of time to confirm this craft will help their ministry and the best way to transport it to them.)
Discuss with students the verse or verse you have printed from the Bible about godly love and marriage. You may want to have several options of scriptures or everyone can create identical canvases. Give each student a scripture, a small canvas and a paint brush. Several students can share one bottle of decoupage glue. (Check instructions to determine how much glue you will need.) Have students thoroughly brush the canvas with decoupage glue. Have them center the scripture on the canvas and smooth it out so there are no air bubbles. Let the paper and glue dry a bit, so it doesn't slide around when applying the top layers of decoupage glue. Have students apply two thin layer of decoupage glue. The entire canvas should be covered. It will take at least 24 hours for the finished canvases to dry completely.
- In what other ways can you help these missionaries in the mission field?
Supplemental Activity: Have more advanced students interview the missionaries your project is helping. What challenges do they face on the mission field? In what other ways can your class help them spread the Gospel? Have the students report their findings to the class. If possible, encourage the students to plan and lead their own service project for this mission effort.


text:
JULIUS PLANER: THE DISCOVERER OF LIQUID CRYSTALS (RENEWAL OF THE PRIORITY) (Yuliush Planer: pershovidkryvach ridkykh crystaliv (vidnovlennya priorytetu))
Languages of publication
The life path, research and teaching effort of Julius Planer has been by far overlooked by researchers in Ukraine. Therefore, the article represents an attempt to fill this 'blank spot', and to change the conventional view on the pioneering status of botanist Friedrich Reinitzer and crystal physicist Otto Lehmann in the discovery of liquid crystals. Also, the light is shed on important details in the biography of Julius Planer, with emphasis on his coming to Lviv (Lemberg) and work as a professor of Lviv University. It's shown that the historical truth is that Julius Planer, a professor of the Lviv University, as early as in 1861, long before Reinitzer and Lehmann, observed and gave scientific description of an optical phenomenon that later became an explicit classical feature of the liquid crystal condition of a substance. Detailed information is provided of what exactly was observed and described by Planer in his scientific paper 'Notiz uber das Cholesterin'.
Publication order reference
CEJSH db identifier


text:
Indexed on: 17 Sep '14Published on: 17 Sep '14Published in: Dalton Transactions
Zintl phases are attractive for thermoelectric applications due to their complex structures and bonding environments. The Zintl compounds Ca(5)Al(2)In(x)Sb(6)and Ca(5)Al(2)In(x)Sb(6) have both been shown to have promising thermoelectric properties, with zT values of 0.6 and 0.7, respectively, when doped to control the carrier concentration. Alloying can often be used to further improve thermoelectric materials in cases when the decrease in lattice thermal conductivity outweighs reductions to the electronic mobility. Here we present the high temperature thermoelectric properties of the Ca(5)Al(2-x)In(x)Sb(6)solid solution. Undoped and optimally Zn-doped samples were investigated. X-ray diffraction confirms that a full solid solution exists between the Al and In end-members. We find that the Al : In ratio does not greatly influence the carrier concentration or Seebeck effect. The primary effect of alloying is thus increased scattering of both charge carriers and phonons, leading to significantly reduced electronic mobility and lattice thermal conductivity at room temperature. Ultimately, the figure of merit is unaffected by alloying in this system, due to the competing effects of reduced mobility and lattice thermal conductivity.


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Killing Floor Quiz | Eight Week Quiz D
Lee Child
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Eight Week Quiz D
Name: _____________________________ Period: ___________________________
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Who picks Reacher up at the prison?
(a) Chief Morrison.
(b) Officer Finlay.
(c) Officer Roscoe.
(d) Officer Stevenson.
2. What upsets Roscoe about the Morrisons' murders?
(a) Finding Morrison's missing body parts.
(b) The violence of the murders.
(c) All the blood.
(d) That Mrs. Morrison had to die also.
3. Why does Reacher say that Finlay will not be the new chief of police?
(a) Because he is not a criminal.
(b) Because he is not qualified.
(c) Because he is black.
(d) Because he is a newcomer in town.
4. On Monday, with whom does Jack plan to have an early lunch?
(a) Finlay.
(b) Stevenson.
(c) Baker.
(d) Roscoe.
5. Besides Finlay, who does Reacher want to help him?
(a) The chief.
(b) Stevenson.
(c) Baker.
(d) Roscoe.
Short Answer Questions
1. What is the name of the bar where Roscoe and Reacher go?
2. Who will appoint a new Margrave chief of police?
3. What is the name of the state prison?
4. When Reacher has lunch with Roscoe on Monday, who is also at Eno's?
5. Why is Charlie concerned about her husband on Monday afternoon?
(see the answer key)
This section contains 222 words
(approx. 1 page at 300 words per page)
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text:
KOLHAPUR: A week-long exhibition of rare photos, documents and letters from the era of Rajarshi Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj will mark the 140th birth anniversary of the legendary leader on June 26. The exhibits from the Kolhapur archives, the department of Archives of Maharashtra, will shed new light on the life and times of Shahu Maharaj.
The exhibition will be organized from June 26-30 at Shahu Smarak Bhavan, Dasara chowk. This year, the archives department will exhibit rare documents related to the adoption of Shahu Maharaj, his coronation and correspondence done by him and letters he received.
Ganesh Khodke, officer in-charge of Kolhapur archives, said, "Every year, we organize the exhibition of the documents related to Rajarshi Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj to pay tribute to his work for the people and to let young generation and other people to know about his work. The exhibition includes a number of rare documents like the orders and circulars published by Shahu Maharaj to his administration regarding welfare of people."
"Shahu Maharaj took the reign of the erstwhile princely state of Kolhapur about 120 years ago. This year, the archives department will be exhibiting the rare documents related to the adoption of the Shahu Maharaj, his coronation and correspondence done by him and letters he received during that period," he said.
Many documents in the exhibit have never been displayed in public and will throw light on the history of Shahu era. This will help historians, students of history and common people understand the Shahu Maharaj and his philosophy in details, he said.
A press release from the department stated that along with the documents, the exhibition will highlight the work done by Shahu Maharaj for the welfare of the people belonging to backward community, orders passed for their welfare, rare correspondence regarding provision of education for all and setting up of schools and hostels in Kolhapur princely state.
The exhibition will also include correspondence and documents that led to the development in health sector, arts, paintings and sports which helped Kolhapur to create its image in the British India. The exhibition will also throw light on the steps taken to tackle the drought faced by the princely state in 1900. This involves the orders regarding construction of irrigation facilities such as lakes, bunds, canals and cattle shelters.
The Kolhapur archive has more than 1.5 crore documents and 90% of them are in Modi script. The oldest document is from Shivaji era belonging to year 1660. The documents include diaries, handwritten letters, reports, records and gazettes of the Shivaji era.
Most of the researchers approach the archive to study the life and time of Shahu Maharaj, his administration, correspondence, decisions, orders and other aspects related to his life.
Keeping this in mind the archive has taken up the work of digitization of documents of Shahu era (1888 to 1922) and has completed digitization of 16,000 letters received and addressed to him. It also includes the letters sent by him to people in all discipline, including the British government and freedom fighters. The exhibition will include the letters and documents that will shed new light on the life of Shahu Maharaj.


text: It is known that densities in formations are usually assumed to be constant for gravity model calculations. This also implies that formations are homogeneous and isotropic. However, the formations are usually heterogeneous and densities vary depending on heterogeneity. For this reason, densities should be taken into account as variables. Some scientists consider densities as variables in each formation in model calculations. In other words, density is defined as a function of the required parameters. In fact, functional change is regular. However, density is an irregular variable that depends on the change boundaries of seismic velocity. In this study, it is aimed to take density into account as a variable by using detected seismic velocity boundaries at which seismic velocity changes for each formation. In addition to main formations in model geometry in 3D inversion calculations, another formation was defined. This additional formation has been described by using a combination of all of the change boundaries of seismic velocity present in each formation in a specific order. The density calculated for the additional formation estimated the variation of density between the change boundaries of seismic velocity. This variation is added to the mass densities that are calculated for the description number of each zone. So, lower-density layer comprising oil can be determined by this method. The reliability of the results of the method depends on the reliability of seismic velocity boundaries. Moreover, the increasing number of seismic velocity boundaries leads to the increasing resolution of density variations.


Back pressure
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Back pressure refers to pressure opposed to the desired flow of gasses in confined places such as a pipe. It is often caused by obstructions or tight bends in a confined space such as an exhaust pipe.
Because of air resistance, friction between molecules, the term back pressure is misleading as the pressure remains and causes flow in the same direction, but the flow is reduced due to resistance. For example,a stock car exhaust system with a particularly high number of twists, bends, turns and right angles could cause lots of back pressure to the gasses escaping the car's engine therefore reducing the flow of the gasses.[1]
Back pressure in automotive (four-stroke engine) exhaust[edit]
Back pressure in two-stroke engine exhaust[edit]
In a piston-ported two-stroke engine however, the situation is more complicated due to the need to prevent unburned fuel/air mixture from passing right through the cylinders into the exhaust. During the exhaust phase of the cycle, back pressure is even more undesirable than in a four-stroke engine due to the shorter time available for exhaust and the lack of pumping action from the piston to force the exhaust out of the cylinder. However, since the exhaust port necessarily remains open for a time after scavenging is completed, unburned mixture can follow the exhaust out of the cylinder, wasting fuel and increasing pollution, and this can only be prevented if the pressure at the exhaust port is greater than that in the cylinder.
These conflicting requirements are reconciled by constructing the exhaust pipe with diverging and converging conical sections to create pressure wave reflections which travel back up the pipe and are presented at the exhaust port. The exhaust port opens while there is still significant pressure in the cylinder, which drives the initial outflow of exhaust. As the pressure wave from the pulse of exhaust gas travels down the pipe, it encounters a diverging conical section; this causes a wave of negative pressure to be reflected back up the pipe, which arrives at the exhaust port towards the end of the exhaust phase, when the cylinder pressure has fallen to a low level, and helps to draw the remaining exhaust gas out of the cylinder. Further along the exhaust pipe, the exhaust pressure wave encounters a converging conical section, and this reflects a positive pressure wave back up the pipe. This wave is timed to arrive at the exhaust port after scavenging is completed, thereby "plugging" the exhaust port to prevent spillage of fresh charge, and indeed may also push back into the cylinder any charge which has already spilled.
Since the timing of this process is determined mainly by exhaust system geometry, which is extremely difficult to make variable, correct timing and therefore optimum engine efficiency can typically only be achieved over a small part of the engine's range of operating speed.
For an extremely detailed description of these phenomena see Design and Simulation of Two-Stroke Engines (1996), by Prof. Gordon Blair of Queen's University Belfast, pub. SAE International, ISBN 978-1-56091-685-7.
Back pressure in information technology[edit]
The term is also used analogously in the field of information technology to describe the build-up of data behind an I/O switch if the buffers are full and incapable of receiving any more data; the transmitting device halts the sending of data packets until the buffers have been emptied and are once more capable of storing information. It also refers to an algorithm for routing data according to congestion gradients (see backpressure routing).[2][3]
See also[edit]
 1. ^ Muffler at How Stuff Works
 2. ^ L. Tassiulas and A. Ephremides, "Stability Properties of Constrained Queueing Systems and Scheduling Policies for Maximum Throughput in Multihop Radio Networks, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 37, no. 12, pp. _PHONE_, Dec. 1992.


Label Noise Filters for Data Preprocessing in Classification
An extensive implementation of state-of-the-art and classical algorithms to preprocess label noise in classification problems.
NoiseFiltersR contains an extensive implementation of state-of-the-art and classical label noise preprocessing algorithms for classification problems. Such a collection was missing for R statistical software.
Namely, NoiseFiltersR includes 30 label noise filters. All of them are appropriately documented, with a general explanation of the method and the exact reference where it was first published. Moreover, they can be called in a R-user-friendly manner, and their results are unified by means of the filter class, which also benefits from adapted print and summary methods.
Use install.packages to install NoiseFiltersR and its dependencies from CRAN:
install.packages("NoiseFiltersR")
Once installed, use the command library to attach the package:
library("NoiseFiltersR")
Once the package is installed and attached, the user can apply any of the implemented algorithms.
Next instruction shows how to use the well-known Iterative Partitioning Filter (IPF) (Khoshgoftaar & Rebours, 2007) to filter out class noise from the dataset iris. The formula allows us to indicate the classification variable. Default parameters for the algorithm are considered:
out <- IPF(Species~., data = iris)
Then, the variable out is an object of class filter. This is a list with seven elements:
 - cleanData: a data frame containing the filtered dataset.
 - remIdx: a vector of integers indicating the indexes for removed instances (i.e. their row number with respect to the original data frame).
 - repIdx: a vector of integers indicating the indexes for repaired/relabelled instances (i.e. their row number with respect to the original data frame).
 - repLab: a factor containing the new labels for repaired instances.
 - parameters: a list containing the tuning parameters used for the filter.
 - call: an expression that contains the original call to the filter.
 - extraInf: a character that includes additional relevant information not covered by previous items.
To appropriately display the information contained in a filter object, general functions print and summary can be used (more details about their output can be found in the package vignette):
print(out)
summary(out)
Finally, all the implemented algorithms can also be used without a formula argument, just indicating the dataset to be preprocessed and the column that contains the classification variable (last column is assumed by default):
out <- IPF(iris, classColumn = 5)
For more specific information on how to use each filter, please refer to the functions documentation page and the examples contained therein. For a general overview of the NoiseFiltersR package, please look up the associated vignette.
News
NoiseFiltersR 0.1.0
First release of NoiseFiltersR. This version includes:
 - An extensive implementation and documentation of state-of-the-art and classical label noise preprocessing algorithms for classification problems.
 - A specific class for filtered datasets, as well as methods for printing and summarizing the related information.
 - Functionality to indicate the classification variable by means of a formula, as is common in most of R implementations.
 - A vignette that provides the user with a general overview of the package.
Reference manual
It appears you don't have a PDF plugin for this browser. You can click here to download the reference manual.
install.packages("NoiseFiltersR")
0.1.0 by Julian Luengo, 9 months ago
Browse source code at _URL_
Authors: Pablo Morales [aut], Julian Luengo [aut, cre], Luis P.F. Garcia [aut], Ana C. Lorena [aut], Andre C.P.L.F. de Carvalho [aut], Francisco Herrera [aut]
Documentation: PDF Manual
GPL-3 license
Imports RWeka, kknn, nnet, caret, e1071, rpart, randomForest, MASS, rJava, stats, utils
Suggests knitr, rmarkdown, testthat
See at CRAN


Setup LDAP/AD
From Roaring Penguin
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CanIt can integrate with Microsoft's Active Directory (AD) or generic implementations of LDAP to accomplish multiple things:
 - Validate recipient email addresses
 - Find the appropriate stream for valid recipient
 - Allow multiple email addresses to use the same stream (aliases)
 - Allow for user authentication with the LDAP credentials
There is a simple wizard for setting up LDAP (as well as IMAP and POP3) from the Setup->User Lookups page. There is more information than provided here if you click the Online Documentation link from whichever page you need more information about.
After clicking "Add a New User Lookup" and naming the lookup, you will be asked which "Method" that lookup will use. There are pre-built options for each of Active Directory and Generic LDAP, each with the option of logging in with an email address or username + the domain name. These options should work with a default configuration.
On the following page, the first 4 boxes should be the only ones that need to be filled in. Those require:
LDAP server(s): The hostname or IP of your LDAP server(s)
Base DN: The "Base DN" of your LDAP tree that the domain directory is located in. Usually something like "DC=example,DC=com" for example.com
Bind DN: A user that you will provide CanIt in order to be able to log in and run queries. This can be a new or existing user and does not need any special priviledges
Bind Password: The password for the above user
All other settings will likely work unless you have implemented specific setting on your LDAP server.
Once you complete the wizard, you can return to the main User Lookups page in order to Test the lookup. The streaming test will test the first 3 of the purposes at the top of this page and the authentication test will test the last.
If you get a "could not bind" error, it is likely that your Base DN or Bind DN are not set up correctly. Using the "attempt to guess Bind DN" option will suggest alternative configurations.
Once the Lookup has been tested successfully, you need to actually tell CanIt to use it. This is done in 2 places. Again, the first, Setup->Domain Mappings, accomplishes the first 3 purposes and Setup->Authentication Mappings accomplishes the last. This makes it so that you can use LDAP for streaming without needing to enable authentication.
Once you have LDAP set in Domain Mappings, any Setup->Verification Server entry for that domain would be redundant, so you can remove them.


Monthly Archives: August 2016
Producing HTML links from a CSV Using Python
Recently in work I had to generate a long list of html links from two columns that I had extracted from a MySQL database to a.csv file. The example below shows what steps are needed to generate html urls from a csv file that has the text of the link in one column and the url in the other. The columns that I extracted from the database into a.csv file looked like the following:
Master of Arts in Learning
Postgraduate Diploma in Arts
Postgraduate Diploma in Computing
In the file, there were roughly 400 rows. I needed to add the name of the courses with their link to a website as a list. The list created would allow students to browse for their course and follow the correct link to their course.
I had access to the html so I needed to add roughly 400 html links. To do this manually would take hours. So I decided I would need a script to produce the html. The script I came up with looks like the below:
import csv, sys
sys.stdout = open('links.txt', 'w')
for row in csv.reader(open('courses.csv'),delimiter=","):
print ("'"' + row[0] + ' ')
 1. Line one in the script; Import csv, sys. imports modules that I needed. The csv module facilitates the opening of.csv files while the sys module allows the redirection of output to a file.
 2. The second line; sys.stdout = open('links.txt', 'w') Creates and opens a file in write mode called links.txt.
 3. Line three, is a for loop, that opens the courses.csv file and goes through it line by line.
 4. As the loop goes through the file line by line, it prints tag and finally a tag which will insure that each link exists on a new line on our webpage.
When we run our script the output produced to the links.txt looks like:
 Master of Arts in Learning
 Post Graduate Diploma in Arts
 Post Graduate Diploma in Computing
This code can then be copied to our website which will then display a list of links that users can select.