ERU submitted to the RootChain contract. When URB submitted, the operator must execute the **Rebase** process and submit NRB whose parent block is the submitted URB.![](_URL_ *Fig 7 : UAF diagram 1* Block#1 is currently in finalized state, and the root chain is submitted up to NRB#5. Suppose that NRB#3 is in the withheld state by the operator and DA problem has occurred. Users can then safely exit the child chain by submitting URB#2 and generating a fork until NRB#3 is finalized. The parent block of the submitted URB must be Block#1, which is the last finalized block as shown in *Fig 7*. In this process, the user submitting the URB should reflect requests contained in previously submitted ORBs. However, newly submitted EROs should not be included in the URB. ![](_URL_ *Fig 8 : UAF diagram 2* When a URB is submitted and a fork occurs, the operator must execute the **Rebase** process to continue the chain. As shown in *Fig 8*, the operator must submit NRB#3'and NRB#4' with the same $transactionRoot$ as NRB#3 and NRB#5 submitted previously. That is, all transactions that were included in the previous NRB should be included in the new NRB'. In addition, NRB#3' and NRB#4' should be on the basis of URB#2. ### Mass URB To submit URB, 'prepareToSubmitURB' function should be called in the RootChain contract. However, if DA problem occurs, users may call 'prepareToSubmitURB' function concurrently to submit URB. In this case, the first user to send a transaction calling 'prepareToSubmitURB' is entitled to submit the URB. Since URB to be submitted is a block containing ERUs submitted to the RootChain contract, the transactions to be included have already been determined before submission. Therefore, this decision for submission right for URB does not matter because the exit request being processed is the same as which user is entitled. ### Extension of chain head Submission of URB does not always create a fork. If a URB is submitted before a previous URB has been finalized, submission of the URB is considered to extend the chain head, not the fork. Therefore, subsequent URB must be a child block of the previous URB. In this case, of course, the operator must also execute rebase process based on the newly extended chain head. if URB is submitted after a previously submitted URB has been finalized, subsequent URBs are considered as the fork rather than extension of the chain head. Therefore, the parent block of the submitted URB shall be of the last finalized block. After submission of the corresponding URB, the operator must execute rebase process. ![](_URL_ *Fig 9 : Extension of chain head* Let's take a closer look at the case of extending the chain head in *Fig 9*. URB#3 was submitted sequentially after submission of URB#2. In this case, the state of URB#3 must be calculated based on URB#2. Therefore, although URB is newly submitted, it does not create the fork based on Block#1, but extends the head of the blockchain containing URB#2. The operator must rebase all existing blocks based on the newly extended URB#3. ### Invalid URB![](_URL_ *Fig 10 : Invalid URB* *Fig 10* shows the process when stateRoot of the submitted URB is not valid so the request has challenged. In the figure, URB#3 is submitted by another user based on URB#2 and NRB#3' and NRB#4' in which the operator rebased are submitted. In this situation, the challenge to URB#2 succeeded. This means that all descendant blocks including URB#2 and having URB#2 as an ancestor block are no longer valid. In the case of a penalty for a challenge, the submitters who submitted the URB#2 and another URB with an invalid URB as an ancestor block will be penalized. Operators are not penalized even if they rebase based on invalid URBs. When submitting a computation challenge for a URB, the challenger must submit a new stateRoot, transactionRoot, and receiptRoot for the URB and its descendant URBs. Also, as with the rebase process, the new transactionRoot must be the same as the transactionRoot of the URB being challenged. In other words, the challenger challenges URB#2 and submits URB#2'and URB#3' at the same time. After the challenge, the operator must rebase the existing NRBs following URB#3'. ### Data availability of URB URB cannot be the target of Data withholding attack. The reason is as follows: Since the parent block of the URB is always a finalized block and the transactions included in the URB are exposed to the RootChain contract, anyone can know about the correct stateRoot of the URB. ## Cost mechanism against Infinite fork attack ### Infinite fork attack In the case of DA problem, user-activated fork method can make anyone exit safely by submitting URB based on last finalized block. But there is a fatal weakness here, the Infinite fork attack using the rebase process. A malicious user can endlessly block the finalization of a block by continuously submitting URBs, regardless of the DA problem. This is because, at the moment when the URB is submitted, the existing unfinalized NRBs must be rebased, which requires placing a new challenge period in the corresponding blocks. ### Dynamic cost mechanism We have introduced a dynamic cost mechanism for user-activated fork to prevent such attacks. The design objectives of the cost mechanism are as follows. **1. If the submission of URB is close to the probability that it is an attack by malicious users, the cost should be high. And if it is close to the probability that it is an escape from a problem, the cost should be set low. 2. The number of URB commits that generate Rebase should be minimized.** DA problem is hard to tackle because it is very difficult to determine whether DA problem actually occurred in the child chain. Therefore, in Plasma EVM, we need to approach the DA problem in terms of probabilities, as described in the first principle. There is also a possibility that there was still no real DA problem, even if there were a lot of users who thought that the URB should be commited because of DA problem. Therefore, as specified in the second principle, URB commits should be minimized in all circumstances to ensure sustainable operation of child chain. ### DA probability The first principle is a very valid rule in itself, but there is a limit that we can apply it only if we know the probability. In other words, how accurate the probability can be is the key point in this cost mechanism design. What is the best material for calculating the probability? We said earlier that we leave the judgment of the DA to the individual users. If an independent individual makes one's own judgment on DA matters, it is the individual's judgment that is most relevant to the probability of DA problems. That is, the greater the number of users who believe that there is the DA problem, the greater the likelihood of DA occurrence. On the contrary, if there are fewer users who believe there is DA problem, chances are high that there were no problems with the Child Chain. Therefore, we will design a model that estimates the probability of a DA issue and adjusts the costs for the URB and ERU accordingly through user's judgments about DA problems, i.e. **the number of ERUs**. Of course, the assumption that all of the accounts submitted the ERU would be independent is very naive. Because of that, an additional cost should be charged for the ERU as well. If an attacker is to make a favorable condition for submission of URB using a number of accounts, one must also pay a full cost for ERUs. There will be of no use to do this attack. ### Cost function Let's discuss what types of cost functions should be derived to meet the principles outlined above as much as possible. To satisfy the first principle, the higher the number of ERUs in the URB, the lower the URB's submission costs and the cost of the ERB. In addition, to meet the second principle, it would be desirable to increase the extent of the decreasing cost as the number of ERUs increases. **$C_{URB}$ : Cost for submitting URB $C_{ERU}$ : Cost for Exit by ERU $N_{ERU}$ : The number of ERUs in URB** As defined above, a cost function meeting the above conditions may be like below. ![](_URL_ *Fig 11 : Cost function of submitting URB* The costs of submitting the URB are as shown above. As $N_{ERU}$(the number of ERUs in the URB


Tag Archives: recipes for magnesium deficiency
Why This Mineral Deficiency Causes Anxiety and How to Cure It
in DIY, Food, Health, Natural Cures, Uncategorized, Video July 30, 2016
Magnesium often referred to as the "chill pill", calms down the nervous system and regulates cortisol. When our cortisol levels become unregulated extreme anxiety, depression, weight gain, weakened immune system, and increased blood pressure can occur. So how do you correct this deficiency and protect yourself against public health enemy number one? What is Magnesium? […]


text:
Objectives: Although kaffir lime has been reported to exhibit antioxidant and antileukemic activity, little is known about the antimicrobial effect of kaffir lime extract. Because Streptococcus mutans has been known to cause biofilm formation, it has been considered the most important causative pathogen of dental caries. Thus, the effective control of its effects on the oral biofilm is the key to the prevention of dental caries. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effect of kaffir lime leaves extract on biofilm formation and its antibacterial activity on S. mutans.
Methods: We examined the effect of kaffir lime leaves extract on growth and biofilm formation of S. mutans. For the investigation we used a kaffir lime extract with high phenolic content. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the extract was determined by broth microdilution assay. The inhibitory effect of the test substances on biofilm formation was also investigated by biofilm formation assay and qRT-PCR of biofilm formation-associated genes.
Results: Kaffir lime leaves extract inhibits the growth of S. mutans, corresponding to the activity of an antibiotic, ampicillin. Formation of biofilm by S. mutans was also inhibited by the extract. These results were confirmed by the down-regulation of genes associated with the biofilm formation.
Conclusions: The findings highlight the ability of kaffir lime leaves extract to inhibit S. mutans activity, which may be beneficial in the prevention of biofilm formation on dental surface, reducing dental plaque and decreasing the chance of dental carries.
Keywords: Biofilm formation; Kaffir lime; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Streptococcus mutans.
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
going formula (6). Furthermore, the absorption coefficient α2 was also derived based on the absorption rate of the reflected light intensity according to the following formula:
where I0 is reflection light intensity at the layer thickness 0,
I is reflection light intensity at the layer thickness d.
The results are shown in the following table. It should be noted that the data with respect to GaAs shown in the table is obtained from vibration analysis of a curve of reflection light intensity when AlAs is grown on GaAs substrate and subsequently GaAs is grown on the AlAs layer.
__________________________________________________________________________Refraction Index and Absorption Coefficient at 6328ÅTemperature Alx Ga1-x As(°C.) GaAs x = 0.26 x = 0.40 x = 0.57 x = 0.72 AlAs__________________________________________________________________________Refraction 600 3.70 3.37Index 700 4.11 3.94 3.86 3.66 3.48 3.38 800 3.79 3.42Absorption 600 2.42 × 104Coefficient 700 8.18 × 104 4.94 × 104 3.70 × 104 2.42 × 104 5.85 × 103 0(cm-1) 800 4 × 104__________________________________________________________________________
Based on the results set out above, a process for deriving growth parameters during growing of the layer 2 may be discussed herebelow. FIG. 5 plots a ratio (b/a) of reflected light intensity b at the first trough in the wave form depicted in FIG. 3 versus the reflected light intensity a of the GaAs substrate 1, in relation to the Al composition x. Utilizing the graph of FIG. 5 and based on the reflected light intensity at the first trough of the wave pattern, the Al composition x of the growing Alx Ga1-x As can be obtained. The first trough of the wave pattern corresponds approximately to the layer thickness of 40 nm.
FIG. 6 is a graph corresponding to the foregoing table. In FIG. 6, the refraction index n becomes discontinuous around the Al composition x of 0.8. This is caused due to presence of a band-gap in Alx Ga1-x As. Since the Al composition x can be derived from FIG. 5, the refraction index n can be derived utilizing the graph of FIG. 6. Accordingly, by utilizing the derived refraction index, and according to the formula (6) set forth above, the layer thickness at the trough in the wave pattern representing the reflected light intensity can be derived. By dividing this thickness by growth period to the first trough of the wave pattern, growing speed of the layer can be derived. After once establishing an analytical curve based on the graphs of FIGS. 5 and 6 and based on the formula (6), measurements can be performed directly by utilizing the analytical curve.
Since in-situ monitoring for growth speed and Al composition x of an Alx Ga1-x As thin layer in a growing process becomes possible in the shown embodiment, feedback control for the MOCVD apparatus is possible. In feedback control, data indicative of the growth parameters, such as growth speed, Al composition and so forth, is fedback to a mass flow controller (MFC) of the MOCVD apparatus. By this, when the growth parameter indicates a value unacceptably different from a desired value, concentration of the reaction gas is adjusted. Therefore, growth of the semiconductor layer can be precisely and successfully controlled.
When an incident angle of the laser beam 4 fluctuates, error may occur in the results of the measurement. Namely, when the laser beam 4 is at an angle other than 90° with respect to the layer 2, the length of an optical path of the laser beam through the layer 2 expands shortening the interval of interference. For instance, when the optical path length expands at 1%, the interval of interference may be shortened by 1%. In this case, assuming the n2 of the AlGaAs layer 2 is 3.5, the incident angle can be derived according to Snell's law. Namely, the incident angle of the laser beam 4 can be illustrated by the following formula:
n3.sin θ=n2.sin θ'
where θ is the angle of incidence;
θ' is the refraction angle;
n3 is refraction index (=1) of the gaseous phase.
Here, when cos θ' is 0.99, the refraction angle θ' is derived herefrom as 8°. Therefore, the incident angle θ can be illustrated by:
θ=sin-1 (3.5.sin 8°)=30°
As will be appreciated herefrom, even when the incident angle fluctuates at 30°, the error in the measurement results may be approximately 1%. This is significantly smaller than that in Elipsometric method. Furthermore, according to the shown embodiment, the laser beam and the reflected beam pass through a common window provided in the reaction tube 5; thus, construction limitations of the apparatus are reduced. In addition, since the reflected light intensity and the optical path length will not be significantly affected by small changes in the angle of incidence of the laser beam, it is not necessary to accurately and precisely adjust the axis of the laser beam. Additionally, in the shown embodiment, since the optical path length of the laser beam through the reaction gas can be shortened in comparison with that in the Elipsometric method, noise due to disturbance of the reaction gas can be reduced.
FIG. 7 shows variation of the reflected light intensity in another experimentation utilizing the MOCVD apparatus of FIG. 1. In the experiment, first a GaAs layer was grown on the GaAs substrate by flowing TMG at a flow rate of 20 ml/min. Thereafter, on the grown GaAs layer, an AlAs layer is grown by flowing TMA at a flow rate of 40 ml/min. As will be observed from FIG. 7, the vibration curve appearing during the growing process of AlAs is distinct from that during growing process of GaAs. Therefore, the monitoring method as set out with respect to the foregoing experiment is applicable for monitoring growth of multiple layers. Therefore, by feeding back the growth parameter derived from monitoring growing conditions to MFC of the MOCVD apparatus, composition of the semiconductor layer to be grown and growing speed can be controlled.
FIG. 8 is another embodiment of an apparatus for implementing a MOCVD process and implementing the preferred vapor deposition method according to the invention. In the following disclosure, the elements common to those of the former embodiment of FIG. 1 will be represented by the same reference numerals. In the shown embodiment, a white light source 23 is employed as light source and as a replacement of the laser in the former embodiment. The light emitted from the light source 23 illuminates a high speed scanning photospectroscope 25 through a lens 24. The high speed scanning photospectroscope 25 employed in the shown embodiment is selected to perform high speed scanning at an speed high enough to have a satisfactorily short scanning interval so that the variation of thickness of the semiconductor layer due to growing on the substrate 1 is substantially small and can be ignored during the scanning interval. At present, high speed scanning photospectroscopes which can perform one cycle of scanning operation within a scanning period less than 1 sec, are available on the market. Therefore, the shown embodiment employs one of such high speed scanning photospectroscopes. The spectrum light beam from the photospectroscope 25 passes the chopper 10, the lens 11, a beam splitter 26 and the peripheral wall of the reaction tube 5 to irradiate onto the substrate 1 on the susceptor 6. Similar to the foregoing first embodiment, the incident angle of the light beam to be irradiated onto the substrate 1 is approximately 90° relative to the surface of the substrate. The light beam reflected by the substrate 1 or the semiconductor layer growing on the substrate is deflected by means of the deflector mirror 12 to be received by a photomultiplier tube 16. The photomultiplier 16 outputs a light intensity indicative signal representative of the intensity of the received light beam and feeds the light intensity indicative signal to a data collecting section 27 through the amplifier 17. As in the foregoing first embodiment, the amplifier 17 comprises a lock-in amplifier and is so cooperated with the chopper to be controlled in operation. Specifically, the amplifier 17 passes only output signals of the photomultiplier 16 generated with respect to the light beam selected by the chopper


there are not many differences between the browsers and testing in Chrome might be enough for their job.
Cypress, on the other hand, may not fulfil the general purpose of the automation testers.
You may not be able to use cypress for indexing the web, scripting 3rd party sites, performance testing etc., you cannot do much outside the browser, like connecting to the database. Though there are a few workarounds, still it is a painful job compared to the ease that cypress gives with the front-end automation.
Cross-browser testing is something which is expected out of automation scripts. We should wait on this feature to be completely developed in Cypress. Still, for small companies where the users need general end-end testing with only one browser (chrome) cypress can be implemented.

USER ACCEPTANCE TESTING
WHAT IS USER ACCEPTANCE TESTING (UAT)
User Acceptance Testing (UAT) is nothing but an end to end testing which the user for a particular period of time prepares. It is the final step before rolling out the application. This helps you identify if the software is able to handle real-time business scenarios or not. Some companies call it acceptance testing while others call it Final Acceptance Testing (FAT), while others name it as Red Box Testing (RBT).
The generic way of UAT often occurs before a client or a customer accepts a new system in software development. UAT is one of the final stages of a project. Usually, when the company develops the product, the user tests the application before accepting the application from the developing company.
So, How does this User acceptance Testing work?
To ensure effective user acceptance testing, we create Test Cases. This User Acceptance Testing creates Different test cases at different requirement levels. These number of test cases ensure the user the proper coverage of all the scenarios during the testing process.
User acceptance testing is similar to the black box type of testing. But UAT requires more than two end-users to process it. The company tends to undergo the various types of testing processes before getting into user acceptance testing. the application goes through unit testing, integration testing, system-level testing. However, most of the bugs have already been fixed before user acceptance testing.
 So, the main focus of this user acceptance testing is on the functionality and usability of the application rather than the technical aspects
Companies who tend to have a software, approach a software developing company. they give the requirement significantly describing how they want their software to be designed. However by testing the application the end-user gains some kind of confidence in accepting the application. The specific focus of this UAT testing helps the end-user check if all the requirements have been fulfilled by the developer.
TYPES OF USER ACCEPTANCE TESTING :
 - Alpha & Beta Testing
 - Contract Acceptance Testing
 - Regulation Acceptance Testing
 - Operational Acceptance Testing
 - Black Box Testing

ALPHA AND BETA TESTING :
 Alpha testing :
It is to perform at the developing organization's site by an independent test team. Alpha testing mainly focuses on finding bugs before releasing the product to the real users or the public.
Beta testing:

Beta testing mainly focuses on Pre-release test performed by the potential or existing customers or operators at their own locations. This type of testing usually done after alpha testing. Focus on finding customer's feedback/suggestions.

Contract Acceptance Testing:
The objective of the CAT is to test if the developed software meets the pre-decided and mutually agreed specifications in the contract. The project team works on defining the relevant criteria and at the same time agrees to work on a pre-defined contract.

Regulation acceptance testing :
This type of testing is necessary to test the developed product against certain rules and legal regulations. Compliance acceptance testing is the other term for regulation acceptance testing .

Operational acceptance testing :
Operational acceptance testing (OAT) is a common type non-functional testing. The main usage of this type of testing is in maintaining and developing the projects. OAT may sometime include activities like checking the backup or the restore facilities

Black box testing:
One of the types of user acceptance testing is black-box testing. One of the common testing which is applicable to almost all the levels of testing like unit testing, integration testing and system testing and acceptance testing as well. Black box testing basically examines the functionality of an application without looking into its internal structures or workings.

Tools Used for User Acceptance Testing (UAT)
 - Usersnap
 - Java
 - Watir, and more
Usersnap – Your testers will love it
Usersnap is a great solution for asking alpha and beta testers for feedback. In fact, it creates bug reports and gives you visual feedback in the browser itself. That being the case Usersnap tool helps you to discuss with your team to come up with better solutions.
Fitness tool: It is a java tool used as a testing engine. It is easy to create tests and record results in a table. Users of the tool enter the formatted input and tests are created automatically. However, the tests are then executed and the output is returned back to the user.
Watir : It is a toolkit used to automate browser-based tests during User acceptance testing. Ruby is the programming language applicable for inter-process communication between ruby and Internet Explorer.

DO YOU NEED SOMEONE TO GIVE YOU A SOLUTION THAT ACTUALLY WORKS FOR YOU? QAonCloud brings out the best output for you ensuring you the requirements and your expectations are fulfilled.
domain knowledge in software testing
Importance Of Domain Knowledge In Software Testing
Testing industry is growing. With the increased growth in the industry, the basic knowledge of testing is not sufficient anymore. The demand of 'Domain Knowledge' in software testing is rising. Domain knowledge has become a crucial factor for a successful project.
While there are many software tools, methodologies, and approaches existing in the market, there is one more critical aspect of software testing, which would help the tester to achieve his best.
That is the DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE.
So, what is a Domain?
The domain is nothing but a specialized discipline or a field. A person having proficiency in a particular domain is considered as an SME (Subject Matter Expert) in the IT industry.
Generally, in any software organization, the projects are categorized based on the domains they work for. Some call it as verticals, like Insurance ,Banking,Healthcare etc.,
What are the different domains in the market?
Many software domains exist in the market. Here are some major domains in the industry.
banking domain knowledge in software testing
BANKING
insurance domain knowledge in software testing
INSURANCE
healthcare domain
HEALTHCARE
ecommerce
E - COMMERCE
telecom
TELECOM
automobile domain knowledge in software testing
AUTOMOBILE
MANUFACTURING domain knowledge in software testing
MANUFACTURING
Real-estate, Construction & Architecture
REAL-ESTATE, CONSTRUCTION & ARCHITECTURE
education-domain-knowledge
EDUCATION
tourism domain knowledge
Hospitality, Travel & Tourism
entertainment domain knowledge in software testing
ENTERTAINMENT
Importance of Domain Knowledge In Software Testing
Is domain knowledge essential only for a developer?
NO, it is equally essential for a QA tester too.
Quality of the testing can be improved when the person who tests the application has sufficient domain knowledge along with the technical skills. A person without domain knowledge can also test the application, but the testing capability gets better by having the relevant expertise.
 - Domain knowledge would help in Perceiving the terminologies used in the business to understand the application functionality.
 For Example, you can easily test a banking application when you know the functionalities like Account Summary, Funds Transfer, etc.,
 - It makes your day to day job activities easier.
 - Helps you to get into a project easily
 - When you don't know the concept, then you tend to focus on the wrong things which are time-consuming for your testing
 - If you want to stand out of the crowd, the only choice left for you is to become a domain expert. Then, you will definitely be considered as a value add to the project.
How to gain Domain Knowledge?
So, one can gain the domain skills by
 1. Going through various tutorials on the web.
 2. Focus on understanding the business of the application and think like an end-user.
 3. Attend domain training sessions conducted by your company and write the internal certifications. It will help you in moving to a project which you would prefer.
 4. External certifications in each domain would help you for a better career. For example, HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) certification helps you to get into Healthcare projects. LOMA (Life Office Management Association) is also popular when it comes to the insurance domain.
We at QAonCloud, have expertise in various domains. You can talk to our quality experts.
migrate to Android Q
Migrate to Android Q : Get Your Apps ready
We are already aware of the fact that Google has released Android 10, which includes many new features. But are you sure that your app is ready to migrate to android Q?
Do you think that this newer version of Android will have any impact on the existing apps? Do you think your app is ready to experiment with Android Q?
WHAT IS THE IMPACT OF ANDROID 10?
Even though you don't want to target Android Q just yet, Some of the features of this new version are going to impact your app. So, you have to use all of those impacting features to give your users the best experience.
affect of android 10
Our experts opined that the old apps will have more impact than ever, keeping in mind, the number of new features that Google is offering in this new version. It is important for the organisations to update the apps in such a way it supports all the behaviour changes & features it offers. Now it is the responsibility of all developers to build an amazing UI/UX for the best experience of the users.
In this blog post, we are going to take you through all the features that you need to add to your new build and also steps to do while you migrate to Android Q. So, stay with us and


text:
TO CONDITION, OR NOT TO CONDITION, THAT IS THE QUESTION
Between the completely conditional world of Bayesian inference and the completely unconditional world of frequentist inference lies the hazy world of conditional inference.
The extremes are easy. In Bayesian-land you condition on all of the data. In Frequentist-land, you condition on nothing. If your feet are firmly planted in either of these idyllic places, read no further! Because, conditional inference is:
The undiscovered Country, from whose bourn
No Traveller returns, Puzzles the will,
And makes us rather bear those ills we have,
Than fly to others that we know not of.
1. The Extremes
As I said above, the extremes are easy. Let's start with a concrete example. Let be a sample from. Suppose we want to estimate ; for example, could be the mean of.
Bayesian Approach: Put a prior on. After observing the data compute the posterior for. This induces a posterior for given. We can then make statements like
The statements are conditional on. There is no question about what to condition on; we condition on all the data.
Frequentist Approach: Construct a set. We require that
where is the distribution corresponding to taking samples from. We the call a confidence set. No conditioning takes place. (Of course, we might want more than just the guarantee in the above equation, like some sort of optimality; but let's not worry about that here.)
(I notice that Andrew often says that frequentists "condition on ". I think he means, they do calculations for each fixed. At the risk of being pedantic, this is not conditioning. To condition on requires that be a random variable which it is in the Bayesian framework but it is not a random variable in the frequentist framework. But I am probably just nit picking here.)
2. So Why Condition?
Suppose you are taking the frequentist route. Why would you be enticed to condition? Consider the following example from Berger and Wolpert (1988).
I write down a real number. I then generate two random variables as follows:
where and and iid and
Let denote the distribution of. The set of distributions is.
I show Fred the frequentist and and he has to infer. Fred comes up with the following confidence set:
Now, it is easy to check that, no matter what value takes, we have that
Fred is happy. is a 75 percent confidence interval.
To be clear: if I play this game with Fred every day, and I use a different value of every day, we will find that Fred traps the true value 75 percent of the time.
Now suppose the data are. Fred reports that his 75 percent confidence interval is. Fred is correct that his procedure has 75 percent coverage. But in this case, many people are troubled by reporting that is a 75 percent confidence interval. Because with these data, we know that must be 18. Indeed, if we did a Bayesian analysis with a prior that puts positive density on each, he would find that.
So, we are 100 percent certain that and yet we are reporting as a 75 percent confidence interval.
There is nothing wrong with the confidence interval. It is a procedure, and the procedure comes with a frequency guarantee: it will trap the truth 75 percent of the time. It does not agree with our degrees of belief but no one said it should.
And yet Fred thinks he can retain his frequentist credentials and still do something which intuitively feels better. This is where conditioning comes in.
The statistic is an ancillary: it has a distribution that does not depend on. In particular, for every. The idea now is to report confidence, conditional on. Our new procedure is:
If report with confidence level 1.
If report with confidence level 1/2.
This is indeed a valid conditional confidence interval. Again, imagine we play the game over a long sequence of trials. On the subsequence for which, our interval contains the true value 100 percent of the time. On the subsequence for which, our interval contains the true value 50 percent of the time.
We still have valid coverage and a more intuitive confidence interval. Our result is identical the Bayesian answer if the Bayesian uses a flat prior. It is nearly equal to the Bayesian answer if the Bayesian uses a proper but very flat prior.
(This is an example where the Bayesian has the upper hand. I've had other examples on this blog where the frequentist does better than the Bayesian. To readers who attach themselves to either camp: remember, there is plenty of ammunition in terms of counterexamples on BOTH sides.)
Another famous example is from Cox (1958). Here is a modified version of that example. I flip a coin. If the coin is HEADS I give Fred. If the coin is TAILS I give Fred where. What should Fred's confidence interval for be?
We can condition on the coin, and report the usual confidence interval corresponding to the appropriate Normal distribution. But if we look unconditionally, over replications of the whole experiment, and minimize the expected length of the interval, you get an interval that has coverage less than for HEADS and greater than for TAILS. So optimizing unconditionally pulls us away from what seems to be the correct conditional answer.
3. The Problem With Conditioning
There are lots of simple examples like the ones above where, psychologically, it just feels right to condition on something. But simple intuition is misleading. We would still be using Newtonian physics if we went by our gut feelings.
In complex situations, it is far from obvious if we should condition or what we should condition on. Let me review a simplified version of Larry Brown's (1990) example that I discussed here. You observe
, and each is a vector of length. Suppose further that the covariates are independent. We want to estimate.
The "best" estimator (the maximum likelihood estimator) is obtained by conditioning on all the data. This means we should estimate the vector by least squares. But, the least squares estimator is useless when.
From the Bayesian point of view we compute we compute the posterior
which, for such a large, will be useless (completely dominated by the prior).
These estimators have terrible behavior compared to the following "anti-conditioning" estimator. Throw away all the covariates except the first one. Now do linear regression using only and the first covariate. The resulting estimator is then tightly concentrated around with high probability. In this example, throwing away data is much better than conditioning on the data. There are some papers on "forgetful Bayesian inference" where one conditions on only part of the data. This is fine but then we are back the the original question: what do we condition on?
There are many other example such as this one.
4. The Answer
It would be nice if there was a clear answer such as "you should always condition" or "you should never condition." But there isn't. Do a Google Scholar search on conditional inference and you will find an enormous literature. What started as a simple, compelling idea evolved into a complex research area. Much of these conditional methods are very sophisticated and rely on second order asymptotics. But it is rare to see anyone use conditional inference in complex problems, with the exception of Bayesian inference which some will argue goes for a definite, psychologically satisfying answer at the expense of thinking hard about the properties of the resulting procedures.
Unconditional inference is simple and avoids disasters. The cost is that we can sometimes get psychologically unsatisfying answers. Conditional inference yields more psychologically satisfying answers but can lead to procedures with disastrous behavior.
There is no substitute for thinking. Be skeptical of easy answers.
Thus Conscience does make Cowards of us all,
And thus the Native hue of Resolution
Is sicklied o'er, with the pale cast of Thought,
Berger, J.O. and Wolpert, R.L. (1988). The likelihood principle, IMS.
Brown, L. D. (1990). An Ancillarity Paradox Which Appears in Multiple Linear Regression. Ann. Statist. 18, 471-493. link to paper.
Cox, D.R. (1958). Some problems connected with statistical inference. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 29, 357-372.
Please comment on the article here: Normal Deviate

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Comments on RDFa Core 1.1 (CURIE only)
From: Gavin Carothers
Date: Tue, 17 Jan 2012 10:50:35 -0800
Message-ID:
I'm not sure if this should go to the RDFa WG as a personal comment,
or as part of the RDF WG's feed back.
Alignment with SPARQL and Turtle
Both Turtle and SPARQL provide a mechanism for writing shortened IRIs.
The stated design goals of CURIEs are:
 CURIEs are designed from the ground up to be used in attribute
values. QNames are designed for unambiguously naming elements and
 CURIEs expand to IRIs, and any IRI can be represented by such an
expansion. QNames are treated as value pairs, but even if those pairs
are combined into a string, only a subset of IRIs can be represented.
 CURIEs can be used in non-XML grammars, and can even be used in
XML languages that do not support XML Namespaces. QNames are limited
to XML Namespace-aware XML Applications.
These exact same goals are met in Turtle and SPARQL using the concept
of Prefixed Names. Exactly how Prefixed Names and CURIEs are different
to end users is not very clear. Both use simple concatenation, both
work outside of XML, both are not value pairs. The given example
isbn:_PHONE_ is a perfectly valid prefixed name in both Turtle and
SPARQL. In fact all the example CURIEs in RDFa Core 1.1 and the RDFa
Primer are valid Prefixed Names (Some would require language specific
escaping in SPARQL or Turtle). However there are some differences.
CURIE grammar
The grammar for CURIEs provided in RDFa Core 1.1
prefix ::= NCName
reference ::= irelative-ref (as defined in [RFC3987])
curie ::= [ [ prefix ] ':' ] reference
safe_curie ::= '[' [ [ prefix ] ':' ] reference ']'
The grammars for prefixed names are well tested and have many
implementations. The CURIE grammar does not seem to have ANY
implementations. In fact even implementing the seemingly simple
grammar from RDFa Core 1.1 is very complicated. The grammar references
two other grammars. First the XML Namespaces grammar for NCName, which
allows a wider range of tokens then prefixed names do. Exactly what
uses cases those additional tokens are needed for is not clear. Some
_1: is a valid CURIE prefix but NOT a valid Prefixed Named prefix.
______: is a valid CURIE prefix but NOT a valid Prefixed Named prefix.
In fact, the only clearly allowed set of tokens allowed by CURIE and
not Prefixed Names is prefixes containing _ as the first character.
Given that _ in the first character is used in RDFa, Turtle, and
SPARQL to reference blank nodes it seems unlikely that anyone uses _
as the first character in their prefix names.
Moving on to the right hand side of the CURIE the grammar gets much
more amusing. First off the referenced grammar is not in the same form
as CURIE or XML which use W3C EBNF. The iri RFC use ABNF. This leads
to complicated reading for humans, and no clear way to use any
automated tool to build a CURIE a grammar. While the name
"irelative-ref" sounds like a relative IRI reference, the rule in
question is NOT limited to relative references. Host parts, IPv4 and
IPv6 segments are allowed as part of irelative-refs. This is not
exactly expected. Again what use case is served in allowing CURIEs
{'prefix' : '_URL_
These are very easy to confuse with normal IRIs. In general it seems
that the intent of CURIEs was to limit the right hand side to relative
references but that is not accomplished by using the "irelative-ref"
production from the IRI RFC.
Align RDFa with SPARQL and Turtle prefix names. It should be possible
to create a simpler grammar for "CURIEs"/Prefixed Names based on the
SPARQL and Turtle productions bellow:
[s157] PN_CHARS ::= PN_CHARS_U | '-' | [0-9] | _TAG_ |
[s158] PN_PREFIX ::= PN_CHARS_BASE ((PN_CHARS|'.')* PN_CHARS)?
[s159] PN_LOCAL ::= (PN_CHARS_U | [0-9] | PLX ) ( ( PN_CHARS |
'.' | PLX )* ( PN_CHARS | PLX ) )? >
[s160] PLX ::= PERCENT | PN_LOCAL_ESC
[s161] PERCENT ::= '%' HEX HEX
[s163] PN_LOCAL_ESC ::= '\' ( '_' | '~' | '.' | '-' | '!' | '$'
| '&' | "'" | '(' | ')' | '*' | '+' | ',' | ';' | '=' | ':' | '/' |
'?' | '#' | '@' | '%' )
Main differences are likely to be that most of the PN_LOCAL_ESC
characters should be allowed in RDFa grammar directly, as the host
languages (XML and HTML) provide for escaping mechanisms already.
While this would be a backwards incompatible change the real effect on
deployed data and software is likely to be low. I am unaware of any
RDFa implementation that uses the CURIE grammar as specified, and have
not ever encountered RDFa data in the wild that uses the odder values
the current grammar productions allow.
Received on Tuesday, 17 January 2012 18:51:14 GMT


text:
Online Courses in Laboratory Technology
Most courses in an online laboratory program are introductory, with some programs having multiple levels of a course such as chemistry. The descriptions below detail the typical curriculum of some commonly offered online laboratory technology courses.
- Medical Laboratory Technology: This course is the foundation for all other medical laboratory technology coursework. Students learn medical terminology, organization of the lab, care of laboratory equipment and supplies, basic laboratory techniques and safety, professional ethics and research skills.
- Chemistry and Clinical Chemistry: After a basic general chemistry course, students learn how to correlate chemical principles and the function of medical laboratories. They then study how to perform many diagnostic techniques and correlate their findings with specific disorders.
- Microbiology: The study of microbiology trains students to perform and interpret microbiology procedures and understand the theories associated with them. They learn to process, handle and work up specimens.
- Human Anatomy and Physiology: The focus of this course is on the function and structure of tissues, cells and organ systems. Related medical terminology is also often included.
- Hematology: Students learn the function and classification of blood cells and clotting proteins. Specifics that are learned include identifying cells, leukemias, body fluid analysis, hemostasis and anemias. Correlation of lab findings and disorders is emphasized.
- Urinalysis: Course work covers the multiple ways urine is examined. Often includes the study of other bodily fluids as well, including feces, spinal fluid and seminal fluid.
- Biochemistry: A biochemistry online course teaches students how to measure and analyze chemicals present in the human body. The principles of measurements and instrumentation used in biochemical tests are discussed to enable students to perform clinical tests.
- Immunology: Students learn about the human body's immune system in this online course. Learning about the functions and components of the immune system will lead to a study of its interaction with other agents, and understanding the clinical applications of these concepts.
Distance learning courses and classes in laboratory technology are generally included in medical or clinical laboratory technology associate's programs. These programs commonly include both online coursework and in-person lab components, essentially making them hybrid programs. Students enrolled in online laboratory technology programs are typically taught how to perform the less complex laboratory tests that help physicians detect, diagnose and treat disease.
You can combine the flexibility of distance learning with your interest in laboratory technology through online or hybrid coursework. Topics may include various medical disciplines, such as urinalysis and immunology, as well as more general chemistry and anatomy classes.


text:
Students use a pH sensor to explore which substances can and cannot pass through a cell membrane model.
Supports NGSS Disciplinary Core Idea LS1.APreview Download
Sign In to your teacher account to access teacher files and sample data.
Understand semi-permeable membranes through this exploration of dialysis tubing's permeability for H+ ions, OH- ions, Starch, and Iodine.
Each tray can store up to 10 wireless sensors; sensors sold separately.
Here's the best tool for measuring pH since litmus paper. The Wireless pH Sensor connects via Bluetooth® to monitor the pH of solutions.
Many lab activities can be conducted with our Wireless, PASPORT, or even ScienceWorkshop sensors and equipment. For assistance with substituting compatible instruments, contact PASCO Technical Support. We're here to help.
Copyright © 2020 PASCO


text:
Although you can select the active guide at any time, a guide will only behave as active if one of the following drawing tools is selected:
Once a guide is active, it will display its horizon line and vanishing points in your drawing space. There will also be two or three dotted lines following your mouse cursor in the drawing area: One line for each horizontal or vertical axis in your guide, and one line going from each vanishing point in your guide through your mouse cursor.
- In the Guide view, click on the desired guide in the guides list
The selected guide will become active.
- Set the focus on your
Camera or Drawingview, for example, by clicking on the view's tab.
- Press the Up Arrowor Down Arrow key to select the previous or next guide in the list.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


- adj. Of, relating to, or being a satellite that travels above Earth's equator from west to east at an altitude of approximately 35,900 kilometers (22,300 miles) and at a speed matching that of Earth's rotation, thus remaining stationary in relation to Earth.
 - adj. Of, relating to, or being the orbit of such a satellite.
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License
 - adj. At a fixed distance in three dimensions relative to a particular point on the Earth's surface; generally only possible with orbital satellites.
 - adj. of or having a geosynchronous orbit such that the position in such an orbit is fixed with respect to the earth
Sorry, no etymologies found.


text:
Body-color brake lamps are lamps that in their off state match the body color of the car. When energized, all body-color lamps, as well as conventional lamps, appear bright red. The speed of response to a body-color brake lamp may differ from the speed of response to a conventional lamp for two reasons. The first is that the difference between off-and on-state luminances varies primarily with off-state luminance. When the difference is larger than for the conventional lamp, the increased luminance contrast may speed reaction time. The other reason that responses for the two types of lamps may differ is the greater chromaticity contrast that body-color lamps have between their on and off states.
This study separately evaluated the effects of luminance contrast and chromaticity contrast for body-color brake lamps. One set of chromatically neutral lamps of varying lightness (from black to white) was tested, along with a set of chromatically varied lamps of equal lightness, and a conventional lamp. The lamps were tested pair-wise in a dual-task paradigm where one task involved simple compensatory tracking, and the other task was to respond to the onset of either of the two brake lamps. Reaction times were recorded.
The primary findings are statistically significant effects of both luminance contrast and chromaticity contrast on reaction time to brake lamps. Neither of these effects is large; the difference between fastest and slowest mean reaction times was 33 msec. The effect of luminance contrast is such that lamps that are light in their off state yield slower reaction times. Performance with the lightest lamp in this study was slightly worse than performance with the conventional lamp. None of the chromatic lamps degraded performance relative to the conventional lamp. The pattern of responses to the chromatic lamps suggests that for all lamps that are different from red in their off state, the effect of chromaticity contrast will be to speed up reaction time slightly compared to the conventional lamp.


text:
In high dimensional databases, traditional full space clustering methods are known to fail due to the curse of dimensionality. Thus, in recent years, subspace clustering and projected clustering approaches were proposed for clustering in high dimensional spaces. As the area is rather young, few comparative studies on the advantages and disadvantages of the different algorithms exist. Part of the underlying problem is the lack of available open source implementations that could be used by researchers to understand, compare, and extend subspace and projected clustering algorithms. In this work, we discuss the requirements for open source evaluation software and propose OpenSubspace that meets these requirements. OpenSubspace integrates state-of-the-art performance measures and visualization techniques to foster research in clustering in high dimensional databases.
Proceedings of the 14th Gi Conference on Database Systems for Business, Technology, and the Web (btw 2011), 2011, p. 347-366
Main Research Area:
14th BTW conference on Database Systems for Business, Technology and Web, 2011


text:
While posting the link Misyononline link for today's Sunday Reflections on Facebook I saw there a link to a new video by Jean Vanier, founder of L'Arche and co-founder with Marie-Hélène Mathieu of Faith and Light. He is speaking to a young fellow-Canadian, Maya Pot, a fifth-grader, about hospitality, which I had also focused on in Sunday Reflections, where a Filipino seminarian told me about the experience of hospitality that he had when he went to visit some workers from Kerala, India, living in an overcrowded labour camp in Dubai.
I've since discovered that Jean speaks to Maya in a number of short videos on hospitality, each directed to a different group. The one above is for parents. He speaks to teachers (below), to senior elementary students here, to junior elementary students here and to secondary students here. The videos were produced by L'Arche Canada and are meant primarily for use in schools.
Jean Vanier can speak with the great authority of personal witness on hospitality. He didn't set out to start a movement, L'Arche, that would spread to 40 countries. Father, in 1964 he, a professor of philosophy and a former officer in the Royal Canadian Navy, invited two men with intellectual disabilities to live with him in France, as the L'Arche International website describes: L'Arche International has its roots in the foundation of the first L'Arche community in 1964 in Trosly-Breuil, a village north of Paris. Following the suggestion of his mentor Father Thomas Philippe, a Dominican priest, Jean Vanier, son of a former Governor General of Canada, decided to invite Raphaël Simi and Philippe Seux to live with him in a small house which he named L'Arche, the French word for the Ark.
I have been deeply influenced by Jean Vanier since I first read about him in the early 1970s. I made two retreats under him in the Philippines, in Cebu City in 1991 and in Manila five years later. I also took part in the international Faith and Light pilgrimage to Lourdes in Holy Week 2001, travelling with pilgrims from the north of England - I was based in Britain at the time - but as chaplain to the small contingent from the Philippines.
Two things in particular have always struck me about Jean, one very apparent in these videos. That is how he speaks so naturally about Jesus as someone he really knows. The other, not noticeable in these videos but very clear in talks I have heard him giving, is that he speaks about individuals by name.
I was blessed with parents who enabled me to develop the talents God gave me, who were clear in how they taught me discipline - by example and by trust, with only the occasional scolding. I once met a girl of 15 or 16 here in the Philippines who clearly was seeking attention. This was during a retreat. When she came to see me she burst into floods of tears and said, My parents give me everything I ask for. But they never ask me how I did in school today - and they never even scold me.
I was blessed too with good teachers, some of whom were true mentors. A good mentor is a lifelong blessing. A teacher or parent who is a tormentor is a lifelong burden for some.
'The clouds parted and Your light, oh Lord, shone down upon us.'
The emblem of Faith and Light, painted in 1971 by Meb, a man with an intellectual disability.


text:
Definitions of bearer:
- noun: a messenger who bears or presents
Example: "A bearer of good tidings"
- noun: someone whose employment involves carrying something
- noun: the person who is in possession of a check or note or bond or document of title that is endorsed to him or to whoever holds it
Example: "The bond was marked 'payable to bearer'"
- noun: one of the mourners carrying the coffin at a funeral
Search for bearer at other dictionaries: OneLook, Answers.com, Merriam-Webster
"Works flawlessly!": RhymeZone apps for iPhone/iPad and Android!
Help, Feedback, Customize, Android app, iPhone/iPad app
Copyright © 2013 Datamuse


16. Flower or Fury- Psychotic - RonaldMah
Ronald Mah, M.A., Ph.D.
Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist,
Consultant/Trainer/Author
Go to content
Main menu:
Therapist Resources > Therapy Books > How Dangerous
 How Dangerous is this Person? Assessing Danger & Violence Potential Before Tragedy Strikes
Chapter 16: FLOWER OR FURY- PSYCHOTIC
Chapter 16: FLOWER OR FURY- PSYCHOTIC
PSYCHOTIC: Characteristics, Criteria, or Elements for Aggression & Violence Potential
-- Code: NO=not applicable; YES=applicable; DEPENDS= Depends on other issues or occurs sometimes
PSYCHOTIC: YES, Specific Triggering Event
PSYCHOTIC: DEPENDS, Opportunistic Behavior
PSYCHOTIC: DEPENDS, Sense of Entitlement
PSYCHOTIC: DEPENDS, Self-Righteous Attitude
PSYCHOTIC: DEPENDS, Ego-syntonic Perception
PSYCHOTIC: DEPENDS, Self-Esteem Gain or Loss
PSYCHOTIC: YES, Intense Emotional Arousal
PSYCHOTIC: DEPENDS, Pleasure
PSYCHOTIC: DEPENDS, Resentment
PSYCHOTIC: NO, Functional Reinforcement (positive or negative)
PSYCHOTIC: DEPENDS, Characterlogical Behavior/Perceptions
PSYCHOTIC: DEPENDS, Transitory Behavior/Perceptions
PSYCHOTIC: NO, Isolation/Avoidance Behavior
PSYCHOTIC: YES, Social
PSYCHOTIC: DEPENDS, Presence of Remorse
PSYCHOTIC: YES, Empathy
PSYCHOTIC: DEPENDS, History
Intervention or treatment for the psychotic individual usually focuses on stabilization to non-psychotic functioning. Rapid decomposition when the individual becomes dangerous to self or others becomes a crisis situation where safety is paramount. Therapy, professional, or other intervention per se must be focused on ensuring the safety of the individual and those around him or her, and secondarily on stabilizing the psychotic individual. If individual is stable, then maintenance of stability becomes the goal of treatment. Modern treatment of psychosis focuses on biochemical issues and primarily psychopharmacological intervention. Intense emotional or psychological stress from overwhelming experiences, trauma, loss, depression, and anxiety can trigger otherwise non-disordered individuals into psychosis. Individuals with personality disorders can also become psychotic when characterological issues combine overwhelmingly with psychosocial stressors. Treatment or therapy for "normal neurotics" and personality-disordered individuals follows the protocol of safety first. After safety is established, stabilization to avoid future decomposition and reoccurrence of psychosis becomes critical. This may involve possibly dealing with stressors, underlying emotional and psychological issues that created vulnerability to breaking down, and/or the various consequences to the psychotic episode. These strategies for treatment overtly seek to prevent relapse into another psychotic episode. Individual, couples, or family therapy or any treatment with someone who is actively psychotic would first follow initial safe and stabilization protocols. Only then should an individual be assessed as to whether the mode of treatment is appropriate for continued treatment. It may necessary to refer to other treatment modality or other therapists or professionals for either misfit in both or either scope of practice and scope of competence.
How the individual acts during psychosis or a psychotic episode including violence potential depends on the nature of the psychosis. While the individual may have wild hallucinations completely disconnected from objective reality, the psychosis does not necessarily compel socially odd or disruptive behavior. Or, if the behavior is odd or nonsensical to others, it may not necessarily be disruptive or dangerous to others. Someone who believes him or herself a flower growing in the garden may act and look quite strange to others, but does not harm anyone. However, hallucinations of worms burrowing beneath skin, compelling the psychotic to rip the skin in order to expel them becomes self-injurious. When psychosis causes fury and delusions of imminent danger and persecutory projections onto others, then the potential for violence can be great. In that sense, the psychotic individual may have perspectives and behaviors similar to but further intensified as the individual with paranoid personality disorder. Paranoid-type schizophrenia as opposed to non-paranoid types of schizophrenia: disorganized-type, catatonic-type, or undifferentiated-type (which may include paranoid aspects less prevalent or severe as paranoid-type) has psychosis that could result in similar moods, cognitions, and behaviors. "Paranoid-type schizophrenia is characterized by delusions and auditory hallucinations (hearing voices that don't exist) but relatively normal intellectual functioning and expression of affect. The delusions can often be about being persecuted unfairly or being some other person who is famous. People with paranoid-type schizophrenia can exhibit anger, aloofness, anxiety, and argumentativeness" (WebMD, 2013). The assessment of how dangerous is a psychotic individual is more aptly presented as how dangerous is this psychotic person? What is the nature of the psychosis? The following addresses a potentially violent psychotic individual rather than psychotic individuals in general or someone having a psychotic break generally- although many issues are relevant for most individuals with psychosis. More than the other profiles, the relevance of most of the seventeen criteria is legitimately stated as "it depends."
The potentially violent psychotic individual is triggered to violence, but rational real-world people cannot identify the trigger since it comes from the psychosis. Even if a trigger can be identified from previous experience, it is from some largely psychotic symbolism rather than a logical symbolism that people in general can understand. Depending on the nature of the psychosis, for example as being on a mission to eradicate Sharpies, the psychotic would seize every opportunity to annihilate the pens whenever one is visible. The trio of entitlement, self-righteousness, and being ego-syntonic also depend on the nature of the psychosis. Psychosis that makes one the omnipotent god-emperor, who cannot do wrong may create an individual who functions as a sociopath or an individual with antisocial personality disorder. This creates a very different set of characteristics and behaviors than a psychosis that compels the individual to act against his or her desires or best interests. The hallucination may be a god-like voice that commands the father to slay his own son. The behavior may boost or hurt self-esteem and give pleasure or misery. The emotional arousal is probably quite high in either case, but resentment would again depend on the nature of the psychosis- a paranoid psychosis increasing resentment and justification for violence. A psychosis with an omnipotent command that cannot be resisted may create or exacerbate dependent personality traits. Emotions, thoughts, and behavior that mimics borderline hurt, rage, and lashing out may be from psychosis. Remorse would depend on the nature of the psychosis. The individual however can be empathic to the degree he or she sees the abused person as a person. However the psychosis may render another person experienced rather as an object or demonized character. For someone who is actively psychotic and has not been, cannot be, or refuses to be stabilized to non-psychotic functioning, any violent urges thus are functionally characterological. However, if the individual has been stabilized and remains otherwise non-psychotic, the violence may be considered transitory. This would be in the circumstance where someone had a psychotic episode and returned to normal functioning without a history of relapse.
The psychotic individual does not receive positive functional reinforcement for odd much less violent behaviors. He or she gets awful negative functional reinforcement and punishment... in the real world. The loss of relationships, status, freedom, physical health, and security in the real world is extremely severe and may motivate the psychotic individual when more stable to seek treatment and change. The psychotic individual is as likely as other people to wish to avoid isolation and to instead be socially involved and active. Losing relationships may be a significant distress and hence, motivation to change. That however can only happen if the individual is somewhat, occasionally, or periodically connected to the objective world. And, have real world relationships with stable people. As the psychotic slips in and out of psychosis, he or she realizes and suffers the destruction of his or her life. As he or she is lucid, the individual may be willing to seek and make changes to stabilize and reconnect to the objective world. Stabilization and maintenance become the primary goals of treatment. Unfortunately, in his or her psychotic reality- hallucinatory or delusionary state, the individual often feels amply rewarded for odd or violent behavior. In couple's therapy or in a couple or family, being with and staying with the partner and children may be the most significant motivation for the individual to stop psychotic behaviors (including aggression) and seek stabilization. Safety for the individual, the partner, and children always are paramount for the therapist, professional, or other concerned person. As the therapist or professional can maintain safety for all, then therapy or treatment should prompt the individual for his or her ability to remain lucid and determine and provoke him or her motivation to retain the relationship. Simultaneously, the therapist or professional helps the partner or family member observe and determine the possibility and potential change and benefit in continuing the relationship. Similar to non-psychotic but psychologically or culturally entrenched individuals, the threat or reality of separation may be sufficient or necessary to motivate investment in change. Or not.
In any situation or with any individual who is potentially dangerous to self or others, the layperson is strongly cautioned not to assume adequate competency for assessment, much less intervention or treatment. The non-professional concerned person should use the information in this book to help him or her seek additional professional assessment and intervention. If there is any doubt, the layperson should definitely seek the consultation of professional trained resources. This caution to seek safety determination from professional is even more critical in the case of potential psychosis. Assessment or intervention definitely should not be undertaken by laypersons without the assistance of professionals suitably trained to recognize and treat psychosis. Many professionals, who are otherwise well trained and competent in other


What hydrogen Car? - Mazda RX-8 hydrogen RE
Article 5 of 5 See all
 - What is a hydrogen car?
 - How does it work?
 - What kinds are there?
Mazda was leasing hydrogen-powered cars in Japan as long ago as 2006, but the company is now also heavily involved in Norway's national hydrogen project (HyNor), which has been set up to test hydrogen in the transport sector in Norway.
HyNor is building an initial hydrogen infrastructure, as part of a future permanent set-up, so that it will be possible to drive hydrogen-fuelled vehicles along the 580km route between Oslo and Stavanger.
As part of its commitment to the project, Mazda has developed a dual-fuel RX-8 coupe that can run on both hydrogen and petrol.
Mazda admits that such an engine is not as efficient as a fuel cell, but because it shares so much with the conventional petrol engine, the development costs are much lower, and there are fewer issues with reliability.
Featured in this story
Free car valuations


text:
WHQuestion Flashcards
These WHquestion flashcards are a useful tool for targeting expressive use and receptive understanding of the following questions: Who, What, Where, When, and Why. Multiple choice questions are featured with corresponding visual images. These flashcards can be used in therapy, on the go, or even as a creative "ticket" to enter or leave the therapy room!
- 55 flashcards for:
- The same questions and choice answers in a list format


text:
by Carly Brown
A few weeks ago I tied my laces, donned my hat, and set off for a long run down Spear Street, from Burlington to Charlotte and back again. Partway through my run I saw it crossing the road without any signs of hurry, proudly displaying its black and rusty fur: the woolly bear (Pyrrharctia isabella). I immediately looked up to check for oncoming traffic, then dodged out into the road, lunged, and swiped the fuzzy caterpillar. Without breaking stride I carefully set it on the roadside it was moseying to. Some feet down the road I repeated my behavior. My mind clicked back to middle school when I learned that a long rusty stripe means a mild winter. Is that true? And what are woolly bears when they are not cute, furry, caterpillars? Never mind what passing cars must think about my woolly bear lunge.
The woolly bears that we see in the fall will overwinter as caterpillars under plant debris in the cold snow environment. In order to survive the winter chill, the caterpillars produce a substance, called a cryoprotectant, which acts much like antifreeze. When spring begins to show its face, the caterpillars emerge from the leaf litter, begin to eat new plant growth, and then form a pupa to eventually emerge as the Isabella tiger. This moth is a relatively nondescript yellow-brown moth with several darker spots on its wings. Woolly bears have two generations per year. This means that the newly emerged moth lays its eggs, which hatch to complete the cycle through woolly bear and moth in the summer. The eggs that these new moths lay will hatch into the woolly bears that overwinter.
Do these fuzzy caterpillars tell us something about the winter to come? The legend is that the longer the rusty brown stripe on a woolly bear, the milder the winter. Conversely, a narrow rusty band predicts a harsher winter. There have been a few attempts to correlate the size of the stripe with winter conditions. One of the most well known studies was by biologist Charles Corran in the 1940s. For the first few years of his study, the prediction of the woolly bear was correct, but there was more than enough evidence to disprove the common myth in the years to follow. Some suggest that the length of the rusty stripe may actually tell us something about the harshness of the winter and spring that occurred the year before.
I know deep down that the woolly bear myth is just that—a myth. That doesn't stop me from doing a few extra lunges to save a woolly bear or two and check out the length of the rusty stripe. Curious about what this winter will bring? I suggest that you join me in the woolly bear lunge.


text:
Takatāpui (also spelt takataapui) is the Māori word meaning a devoted partner of the same sex. In modern terminology, a person that identifies as takatāpui is a Māori individual that is queer, in other words gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender or transsexual.
The term is not new, but the application of it is very recent. In the 1980s, there was a desire for a label to describe an individual that is both Māori and non-heterosexual. The word takatāpui was found to have existed in pre-colonial New Zealand to describe relationships between people of the same sex. The existence of this word kills the conservative Māori argument that homosexuality did not exist in Māori society prior to the arrival of Europeans. Derivatives of takatāpui include takatāpui kaharua for bisexual, takatāpui wahine for lesbian and takatāpui wahine ki tāne or takatāpui tāne ki wahine for transmen or transwomen.
- LGBT New Zealand
- List of gay-related topics
- List of transgender-related topics
- Homosexuality and transgender
|This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Takatāpui. The list of authors can be seen in the. As with LGBT Info, the text of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0.|


text:
Optimal Emergency-Valve Closure Design
Molten salts have been used to store solar energy with proven results for over a decade. This study was done by EnginSoft on behalf of Eurotecnica Spa, a leader in the design of large molten salts storage systems. It involved the virtual modeling of an entire molten salts storage system with the Flowmaster software suite for fluid system simulation. The scope of the study was to ensure that the design of the emergency valve closure is reliable and remains so under various "what if" scenarios.
After modeling the entire molten salts storage system using data supplied by Eurotecnica, a series of incompressible transient parametric analyses for different scenarios were performed. The data for these scenarios were supplied by the Eurotecnica engineers. These parametric analyses resulted in an optimal definition for the emergency valve closure, that is, the minimum closure time for which the peak pressure is below the maximum allowable pressure for the system. This definition allowed the Eurotecnica engineers to:
- design a system that met with all the safety requirements while minimizing the emergency valve closure time
- select the appropriate size for the valve servo-motor to be used, avoiding unnecessary over-sizing of this critical component
Why Create a System Level Simulation?
Simulation at a system level, rather than just at the component level, is necessary if a component is to be tested within realistic scenarios of its lifecycle. In our study, once the optimal emergency valve closure in different scenarios was established, detailed transient analyses were performed in order to analyze the pressure surge that occurs in the entire system. The results of these analyses provided the engineers with an in-depth understanding of the fluid-dynamic behavior of the entire system during each emergency valve closure. Furthermore they were able to verify that the safety requirements are constantly met at all times during the operation of the system.
"EnginSoft helped us to gain a deep and complete understanding of the fluid-dynamic behavior of the entire system during each emergency valve closure and to be sure that the safety requirements are met consistently at each point of the system."


text:
GET YOUR CANNABIS SEEDS FROM 1,5€.
More product information
Bio Essentials by GHE is a product that provides the micronutrients needed by your plants to stay strong and healthy and respond with all their arsenal against pathogen attacks.
Its first-class and completely water-soluble ingredients allow for its use in any growing medium and with any automatic irrigation system.
Bio Essentials contains pH bio-stabilizers so that the acidity level is not altered because of the accelerated growth that you'll induce. It can be applied on the leaves to obtain immediate effects because this way it will directly reach the cells of your plants.
When plants assimilate large amounts of mineral salts from the medium, they can drastically change the pH, leading to serious deficiencies. Plants need to keep a delicate balance to assimilate the full range of nutrients they need.
Combine it with a good fertilizing base and stimulators to get the best possible results. You can check the complete feeding chart by General Hydroponics Europe.
Dosage and usage of Bio-Essentials by GHE:
- In soil:
- Add 3mL per litre of nutrient mix and irrigate as usual.
- In hydro:
- Add 5mL per litre of nutrient mix and irrigate.
- Foliar applications:
- Dissolve 2mL per litre of water and spray on both sides of the leaves.
Foliar applications are always carried out in low light conditions, just before the lights go out indoors and, outdoor, when the sun sets.
Composition of Bio Essentials by GHE:
- 0.01% Boron
- 0.003% Molybdenum
- 0,001% Cobalt
- 0.1% Iron chelates
- 0.025% Manganese chelates
- 0.01% Zinc
- 0.01% Copper
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text:
Author(s): Glasnapp Andrew
Issue: Jan/Feb 1998 - Hormone Replacement
View All Articles in Issue
Download in electronic PDF format for $75
Abstract: Many pharmacists and pharmacy students struggle with the process of calculating the amount of sodium chloride necessary to produce an isotonic solution. This article explains a process whereby an isotonic solution may be calculated simply and accurately. The answer may be expressed as a percentage, which is often convenient for compounding pharmacists who prepare different volumes of the same compound. There are five steps to Glasnapp's Rule. The author takes the reader through each of these steps and leads him/her through calculations in three example problems.
Related Categories: SUPPORT


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C pow()
The pow() function computes the power of a number.
The pow() function takes two arguments (base value and power value) and, returns the power raised to the base number. For example,
[Mathematics] xy = pow(x, y) [In programming]
The pow() function is defined in math.h header file.
C pow() Prototype
double pow(double x, double y)
The first argument is a base value and second argument is a power raised to the base value.
To find the power of int or a float variable, you can explicitly convert the type to double using cast operator.
int base = 3;
int power = 5;
pow(double(base), double(power));
Example: C pow() function
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{
 double base, power, result;
 printf("Enter the base number: ");
 scanf("%lf", &base);
 printf("Enter the power raised: ");
 scanf("%lf",&power);
 result = pow(base,power);
 printf("%.1lf^%.1lf = %.2lf", base, power, result);
 return 0;
}
Output
Enter the base number: 2.5
Enter the power raised: 3.4
2.5^3.4 = 22.54


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The Ultimate Guide
Introduction
High-Efficiency vs Traditional Washing Machine Comparison Guide
Learn the key differences
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How does a high-efficiency (HE) washer differ from a traditional washer, and how do you know if a washer requires HE laundry detergent? To be touted as a high-efficiency (HE) laundry appliance, a washer must meet certain criteria and guidelines concerning water, electricity, and detergent use. In short, it must use less (than a traditional washer) water, energy, and detergent to be called a HE washer. If it falls short of the set guidelines, it cannot sport the HE symbol. While not all high-efficiency washers are front loaders, they do have some visible signs: The HE symbol proudly displayed and a missing agitator.
high efficiency washer
The Spruce
High-Efficiency vs Traditional Washing Machine: Major Differences
Load capacities are generally larger than with a traditional washer, partially because the agitator is gone (or much shorter), which means fewer washloads to process and less water, detergent, and energy to wash and dry.
A high-efficiency washer washes clothes with a rotating tub to tumble items in the wash cycle. A front-loading HE washer tumbles items back and forth in the water. A top-loading HE washer spins, rotates, and wobbles clothing to wash the clothes. Top-loading HE washers do not have an agitator, but instead, moves clothing using a small center post. A traditional washer uses an agitator to move clothing around the tub.
Key Features
High-Efficiency Washer
This new generation of high-efficiency washers uses a different washing system than its traditional parent appliance, a gentle rotating tumbling action rather than a harsher agitation to get clothes clean. A high-efficiency top loader has a slightly different washing action, a re-designed shorter agitator that draws the load down into the low water and detergent to effect cleaning. HE top-loaders must meet the same stringent guidelines to be called HE washers and either style is efficient when it comes to cleaning performance.
Traditional Washer
A traditional washer will have a tall agitator in the middle of the tub. The agitator takes up some room and reduces the tub's washing capacity.
Appearance
High-Efficiency Washer
There are two types of HE washers. Though they are best known as front-loading appliances, there are also top-loading models.
Traditional Washer
Standard washing machines are top-loading only. There are no front-loading standard washers.
Best for Appearance: High-Efficiency Washer
You'll be able to choose from two styles if you buy a HE washer. Front-loading HE washers are considered to be more contemporary in style.
Sizes
Both HE and traditional washers now come in all sizes and capacities. The only difference is that you may find some HE top-loaders are slightly taller and wider than a standard top-loader. That means deeper tubs that require reaching down into.
Repair and Maintenance
High-Efficiency Washer
The biggest difference in using a high-efficiency washer is that it needs more care than a basic washer. Since water use is low, there's a tendency with some washers to not flush the soap and wash load residue properly, leaving damp accumulations within the washer, which can cause mildew to grow.
It's recommended that the door and dispenser drawer on a high-efficiency washer be left open in order for the door gasket and interior drum to dry properly. In addition, with a high-efficiency washer, you must run the machine-cleaning cycle as recommended by the manufacturer or more often, to reduce the risk of bacterial growth.
Some consumers have found that more maintenance or cleaning of other washer parts is necessary, while others have merely lowered their detergent use and/or have chosen to not use liquid softener in the washer, but rather fabric sheets in the dryer, to reduce residue build-up in the washer.
Traditional Washer
A standard washer doesn't require as much daily care as a HE washer. One issue you will need to watch for is the potential to overload a top-loading standard washer. Overloading will cause the drum to wobble or stop spinning. Another issue is the agitator that may stop working due to various factors.
Best for Repair and Maintenance: Traditional Washing Machine
A traditional washer won't have as much of a learning curve when it comes to usage, repair, or maintenance. A HE washer has a higher learning curve which includes daily maintenance.
Wear and Tear on Clothing
High-Efficiency Washer
The tumbling action of a HE washer uses gentle, but efficient force to deep clean clothing. You'll need HE detergent to use with a high-efficiency washer. Most HE washers have sensors to adjust water temperature, level, and spin to match the load so there's no guesswork once you've chosen a wash cycle. Cycle times are much longer partly due to the low water use—it takes longer to get clothes clean.
Traditional Washer
The agitator used to rotate clothing clockwise and counterclockwise also cleans clothing well, but it can be rough on clothing.
Best for Wear and Tear on Clothing: High-Efficiency Washer
HE washers are gentler on clothing. That means even delicate pieces can last longer than they would if they were washed by agitation. In addition, high-speed spin cycles remove more water from the load, resulting in shorter drying times, which is another way to make clothing last longer.
Since a high-efficiency washer uses less water, low-sudsing HE detergent must be used in these washers in order for cycles including the rinsing action to work as designed. This applies regardless if the washer is top-loading or front-loading, as long as it has the HE seal.
Water and Energy Use
High-Efficiency Washer
Lower washer water levels in a HE washing machine mean there's less water to heat which means less energy use.
High-efficiency washers are also Energy Star compliant. Since a HE washer already meets stringent energy guidelines which are higher for high-efficiency, it has already met the (lower than HE) targets to carry the Energy Star compliance seal. Accompanying dryers must also meet certain criteria for lower energy use to carry the HE symbol. The Energy Star program has not been extended to dryers.
Traditional Washer
Traditional washers are not Energy Star compliant. The certification is given to clothes washers without a central agitator because the newer technology cuts energy and water consumption.
Best for Water and Energy Use: High-Efficiency Washer
A HE washer uses less water per load. Though the HE washer's wash cycle is longer, the appliance uses less energy to heat hot water, which saves money over the long term. A traditional washer uses more water and energy in general per load than a HE washer.
Installation
The installation will be similar whether you are buying a front-loading or top-loading HE or traditional washer. If you have plumbing in place already, installation requires making the drain and water supply connections, leveling the appliance, and plugging it in.
Cost
High-Efficiency Washer
Though high-efficiency washer and dryer prices have become more competitive, they still do cost more. But the range of laundry appliance sizes and capacities has increased, making it easier for the consumer to find the size of washer and dryer they need.
Traditional Washer
A regular top-loading washing machine will be less money than even a top-loading HE machine. But the two types of washers are now closer in price than ever before.
Best for Cost: Tie
A top-loading regular washer may cost a bit less to buy than any type of HE machine. Regular washers don't need slightly pricier HE detergent, either. But it may pay to spend a bit more on a HE washer to benefit from the long-term water and energy savings.
Lifespan
Any washer should last over 10 years. Whether it's a HE washer or traditional washer, you should expect to have it between 10 to 15 years. It can last longer as long as it's installed on a flat surface, isn't overloaded, and you use the correct detergent.
The Verdict
Overall, you'll find a large selection of both HE and traditional washers, and all at various price points and sizes. HE washers are becoming more commonplace. For efficiency, a HE washer will clean larger loads with less water and less energy. You will need to do a bit more daily maintenance to eliminate any mold and mildew build-up. You'll also need to pay a bit more for HE detergent that doesn't suds up as much as regular laundry detergent.
In addition, if you purchase a HE washer, you'll have to learn the ropes on using the appliance and HE detergent. Similar to high-tech top loaders, most HE washers have numerous wash cycles and settings—more than you would find on a basic washer, which may take more time to explore or understand. If you don't like long cycles, it may mean experimenting with wash cycles to find a shorter one that still gets your clothes clean.
Top Brands
 - LG is known for its innovative front-load and top-load washers.


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Place Installation Cables (Advanced)
In order to create more complex installation cable connections you can use the advanced dialog.
Select the Place Cables (Advanced) option from the cable management section.
A installation cable is part of the network backbone which function as a permanent cabling in the active network.
Selecting ports and cables
On the left (1) select the source components. Double click an idle port to mark it for connection. Select the destination ports on the right (2) the same way.
In the middle at the top (3) there is a list of all available installation cables between the source and destination rooms. In order to create a new cable use the + icon. Click Manage lines to specify how many fibers/wires will be used for a single connection.
Once the lines have been created they can be marked for connection via double click (4). Finally click Connect Ports (5) to establish a connection between the reserved ports using the reserved lines. While Sync with Ports is activated, the ports on both sides of a connection will be highlighted when a line is selected.
Managing lines
First select the fibers/wires you want to create lines for. You can use Shift and Control to select multiple fibers/wires or click the cable header to select the entire cable. Then click >> (1) and select a line type to specify how many fibers/wires will be used for each line. You can also remove existing lines unless they are in use (2).
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text:
This paper introduces a univariate interpolation scheme using a binary parameter called signature such that the graph of the interpolant—which we refer to as affine zipper fractal interpolation function—is obtained as an attractor of a suitable affine zipper. The scaling vector function is identified so that the graph of the corresponding affine zipper fractal interpolation function can be inscribed within a prescribed rectangle. Convergence analysis of the proposed affine zipper fractal interpolant is carried out. It is observed that for a fixed choice of discrete scaling factors, the box counting dimension of the graph of an affine zipper fractal interpolant is independent of the choice of a signature. Several examples of affine zipper fractal interpolants are presented to supplement our theory.
- 27 МАТЕМАТИКА


Why do some people think french people are cold?
Are French people cold? Why Are French People so Rude? Why are French people often described as arrogant?
 1. 1 They're hostile
 A recent international survey showed that the french capital was one of the most hostile touristic destination in the world.
 2. 2 They're rude to tourists
 French people are not open to speaking to strangers, they also don't speak very good English that's why tourists get the wrong idea that they're being rude.
 3. 3 They lack sense of humor
 At early times, the word humor was not allowed in the french language. Not until 1932 did the french academy allow the word l'humor in their language.
 4. 4 They're arrogant
 French people are arrogant and they're used to criticizing a lot.Which give the wrong idea that they're rude, however some other people think that it's just something that they're used to.
 5. 5 They don't smile a lot
 French people don't smile a lot and they tend to be more hostile than friendly. They don't usually smile or to talk to strangers in the street. (See Why some people never smile?)
 6. 6 They avoid speaking English
 The french government put a rule that 50% of the music played on radios should be in french, almost every document, every business communication, everything is in french, this rule limited their access to English knowledge.
 7. 7 They're shy
 French people are not used to showing off their feelings exaggeratedly to strangers. This usually seems rude or cold behavior to some people, when it's actually shyness.
 8. 8 They're not random
 Some Americans tend to believe that french people are cold because they don't make random comments like they do, however other people think that french people are just used to keeping their mouth sealed if they don't have something important to say.
 9. 9 They're formal
 In France, formality and etiquette are rules to people. They dont usually aquentance with someone unless they were introduced to them. For instance, if someone goes up to a french guy and say' hi, I'm Jaques' the french guy would find it unacceptable. (See How to be assertive without being rude?)
 10. 10 They complain a lot
 French people are usually honest, they like to say what ever they want and always complain about whatever bugs them.
 11. 11 They like people to say "Bonjour" first
 Shop sellers usually tend to be rude if you don't say "bonjour" before you ask for what you want.
 12. 12 The have a lot of misconceptions
 Many french people have a lot of misconceptions about foreigners. For instance if you're a Romanian they'll immediately think that you're a thief.
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What does the phrase "refrigeradores usados" mean?
Quick Answer
The Spanish phrase "refrigeradores usados" translated to "used refrigerators" in English. "Refrigeradores" is the plural term for "refrigerador," meaning refrigerator. "Usados" comes from the verb "usar," meaning "to use."
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Full Answer
"Refrigerador" is a masculine noun in Spanish, that can also be translated as "fridge" (United States English) and "icebox" (British English). The term can also be translated as "cooling system." In addition to meaning "to use" or "to utilize," the transitive verb "usar" can also mean "to wear." The past participle of "usar" is "usado," meaning "used" or "worn." An example sentence using the phrase "refrigeradores usados" is "Refrigeradores usados a la venta," meaning "used refrigerators for sale."
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text:
Zoo Gorilla Gunned Down to Save Boy
A gorilla can be 6ft tall and can weigh 500 pounds
In a zoo in the US city of Cincinnati the remarkable happened. A young (4-year-old) boy somehow got into an enclosure by climbing over the barrier into the home of a 400lb (180kg) male gorilla called Harambe.
Video footage that was taken by an amateur showed the animal dragging the boy through the water in the zoo moat. After moving the boy round too much for their liking, zoo officials decided to take the gorilla's life and gave the order to shoot him.
A tranquilliser was a considered option but it was feared this might take too long to be effective.
Officials say the situation was 'life-threatening'. In their opinion 'it was a hard decision but they made the right choice'. They accept that the boy was not under attack but state he 'certainly was at risk'.
A zoo spokesman said: " We are all devastated that this tragic accident resulted in the death of a critically-endangered gorilla. This is a huge loss for the zoo family and the gorilla population world wide."
There were two other female gorillas in the enclosure; luckily they didn't approach the child so they were unharmed.
The 4-year-old was taken to a nearby hospital and is expected to make a full recovery.
- A gorilla can be 6ft tall and can weigh 500 pounds.
- They can live for up to 50 years.
- Gorillas are the largest living primates.
- They live in groups of 6-12, called bands or troops.
- They mostly consist of one silverback, a couple of females and their young.
Alice, Year 6
Heighington Millfield Primary Academy


text:
Code Of Ethics For Computing At Skidmore College
The academic computing facilities at Skidmore College are intended as a learning resource for all members of the college community. While IT encourages users to explore the versatility and power of a modern computing environment, users must refrain from activities that are in violation of the goals of a liberal arts college.
Thus, all users agree to abide by the following rules:
- Computer facilities will not be used for activities that are in violation of campus, local, state, or federal rules. This includes cheating, plagiarism, theft, vandalism, pornography, copyright violations (including music, still images, video, software, and text), and other similar acts. Users should also avoid "unauthorized collaboration" as defined in the Academic Information Guide and Student Handbook.
- Computer facilities will not be used for moneymaking activities including the resale of computer services, test processing, or statistical analysis. Externally funded consultancies or research projects must be authorized in advance by the Dean of Faculty in consultation with IT.
- Users will respect an individual's right to privacy and will not read, copy, or print material written by others that is not intended for public inspection.
- Users will refrain from any activity that threatens the integrity of the computer system at Skidmore College. This includes, but is not limited to, the modification of system services and utilities, the assumption of unwarranted privileges, sabotage, or other activities that interfere with public access to computer resources.
- Users agree to abide by IT rules governing the equitable access to computer facilities. This includes, for example, rules to ration computer login time, or to control the distribution of software and documentation. Users will refrain from practices to subvert these access rules.
- Every user is personally responsible for the integrity of the account assigned to that individual. Usernames are not transferable to other users or publicly distributable without prior authorization from IT.
Violations of these rules may result in the revocation of computer use privileges and/or referral to the appropriate judicial forum.


Question by Rajesh27 (20)
What do you feed to a baby rabbit?
Answer by cpxi (191)
A newborn baby rabbit should have its mother's milk. After weaning, it should have alfalfa and fresh produce such as kale.
Answer by cmunch (97)
Surprisingly enough, should be Kitten Milk or "Kitten Milk Replacer". You can get this at most every pet store or at veterinarian offices. Do not feed them any more than two times per day. Typically they should actually only be fed once per day, but the milk is just a replacement for the baby rabbit's mother's milk. So be careful.
Answer by tmstp6207 (43)
If the baby bunny is less than 4 weeks old, you can find kitten milk replacers at petstores or a vet. After 4 weeks old, they can be weaned.
Answer by cristiana (44)
give them milk powder MILUMIL 2, you prepare the recipe and give them a seringe (no needle of course) you take turns with his hands and put in his mouth the blunt plastic tip of the syringe and push the syringe plunger slightly and steadily Give them three times a day and gradually increase the ratio (milk to be warm)
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