Trading The Butterfly Pattern
The Butterfly pattern, discovered by Bryce Gilmore, is a reversal chart pattern that consists of four distinct swings in the market.
The rules to identify the Butterfly trading pattern are strict and requires the use of certain Fibonacci ratios that were made public by Scott Carney.
If you use ratios from Fibonacci to identify certain patterns, you are essentially trading a harmonic pattern which the Butterfly pattern is considered as.
In this article, you are going to learn a Butterfly Pattern trading strategy that includes:
 1. How to identify the Butterfly pattern using the required Fibonacci retracement and extension ratios
 2. How to calculate your stop loss level
 3. Where to set your profit target
These types of patterns, harmonic patterns, are not for everyone.
You must buy into Fibonacci as a means of trading and believe there is an edge in doing so.
That said, one important aspect of the Butterfly trading pattern is an A-B=C-D formation and that is something I personally use as a rule of thumb for profit targets and potential turning points. It does not have to be an exact match
How To Identify A Butterfly Harmonic Pattern
The Butterfly pattern is similar to the Gartely as both form a warped "W" or "M" shape. The difference is the Gartley is considered a completed pattern when a Fibonacci retracement ratio and an extension level coincide
The Butterfly is considered to be complete when two Fibonacci extensions coincide.
For the Butterfly pattern to be found, we need four points in the market: X, A, B, C and D, which is considered a Potential Reversal Zone and not a point.
It is this location you would look for a trade position.
Each swing has a relationship to another which are specific Fibonacci numbers and are needed to validate the swings:
 - AB leg should equal 78.6% retracement of the XA leg
 - BC leg should be between 38.2 and 88.6% retrace of the A-B leg
 - C-D swing is 168 to 261.8% extension of A-B swing
 - The most important number in this pattern is the 127% extension of the XA leg
 - Both bullish butterfly patterns and bearish patterns use the same ratios
bearish butterfly trading pattern
This is an example of a Bearish Butterfly Pattern where we would want to short a reversal. The red star is the Potential Reversal Zone and you would look to position in the trade in that zone.
Because the reversal zone can be known ahead of time (1.27% extension of X-A / 1.68-2.618% ext of A-B), you can set an alert for when price enters this zone.
How To Trade The Butterfly Pattern
Tradingview has a superb tool (XABCD pattern) for drawing the Butterfly pattern but it can also be done with the Fibonacci tool.
butterfly chart patterns
 1. This is the X point and is the first place we click with the tool
 2. This ending forms that XA swing
 3. We click at this point and we get the AB leg (70% retrace in this example)
 4. Clicking here gives us the BC leg (C ends at an 87.9% pullback against the AB leg)
 5. This is the Potential Reversal Zone and completes the CD leg (This forms a 153% extension of XA leg and 235% extension of BC leg
Remember, the Potential Reversal Zone is known in advance.
The following chart shows the same chart using Fibonacci retracements and extensions. After point four ( BC leg) has completed, you can then project upwards to find the zones and mark off the areas of interest.
potential reversal zone of butterfly pattern
The red zone is the 1.618 extension of the BC leg and the 1.272 (1.618) extension of the XA leg. This is the minimum zone and you would prefer to have a price closer to the 1.272 end of the zone.
The yellow zone includes the extreme extension level of the BC leg and the minimum 1.272 of the XA leg.
While the hard and fast rule is the AB leg must be a retract 78.6% of XA leg, let's agree that markets are not exact and close is close enough.
Stop Loss Location + Profit Targets
Every method of trading should have a stop loss and the harmonic Butterfly pattern has a built-in stop-loss location.
Your stop loss on a short reversal trade should go just beyond the trading zone outlined via the Fib ratios. Some traders, if the price has not breached the 1.618 extension of the XA leg, will put their stop loss above that location.
Profit targets can be Fibonacci retracements of the entire CD leg. You can also trail your stop above each high (for a short) each time a new low is made
stop loss profit targets for butterfly trading pattern
When considering profits, use the levels as zones and monitor price action. What we don't want to see is strong momentum against our positions and remember that Fibonacci levels hold no magic in the markets.
Learn to line up the levels with actual support and resistance levels that may affect the direction of price.
Butterfly Pattern – A Twist
The important numbers of the Butterfly are the 78.6% level and the 127% extension level. We can use those two levels to form the bones of a trading strategy.
This is an uptrend and we pull the Fibs from highs to low.
When price meets the 78.6% level, we take a long position with the 127% extension level as our price target.
Note that at the top of the chart where the red X is located, price did not breach the 78.6% level and therefore there is no long trade taken. We then reverse to trading shorts.
Trading Reactions
Another method that will utilize the same important ratios of the Butterfly pattern allows us to play both sides of the trend.
In this case, we are trading the break of the 78.6% level and taking profits at that 127% level.
The yellow dashes are the break of the 78.6 levels and the yellow splash is the 127 level where you'd take profits and reverse if possible.
We will then look to see a reaction in the opposite direction of our previous trade. We are looking to take advantage of:
 - Momentum once price breaks the 78.6% level
 - Reversal momentum once price hits the 127% level, reverses, and traps traders that must exit.
The last trade on the right is a current long that just broke the 78.6% level.
As for stop locations, you could use a ratio of 61.8 to tuck your stop behind
Butterfly Pattern Trading Strategy Wrap Up
The Butterfly pattern can be simple to spot when you see a pullback (AB leg) from the initial XA leg. You will then look for a higher low (uptrend) that would form the end of the BC leg.
The stop loss and price targets are built-in which takes much discretion out of the Butterfly strategy.
The biggest issue for a trader is defining swings in the market that can be used to draw the pattern. The rule of thumb is to use a swing that is obvious.
Look around your charts for the pattern and define your trading rules for a Butterfly strategy or for the last two just mentioned.
To learn about the price patterns I prefer, please download your free Price Pattern Guide
Author: CoachShane
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text:
Colombia's Sephardic Jews recover Spanish citizenship
The paths that led their families to Colombia are diverse but they all had a common starting point in 1492.
More than 500 years after their ancestors were expelled from Spain, 160 Sephardic Jews in Colombia have recovered their Spanish citizenship.
The paths that led their families to Colombia are diverse but they all had a common starting point: the 1492 edict of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella ordering the Jews - known as Sephardim for the Hebrew name for Spain, Spharad - to convert to Christianity or leave the country, on pain of death
Many Sephardim found refuge in North Africa and the lands of the Ottoman Empire. The initiative to restore the citizenship of their descendants began with a 2015 Spanish law revoking the 1492 edict.
Jacqueline Brandwine, one of 145 Sephardim to take the oath as Spanish citizens during a ceremony in Bogota, told EFE that her ancestors "went to Egypt, later to Israel and reached Panama" before settling in Colombia.
Isaac Azud, nearly 80, recalled how his father arrived in Colombia in 1923, 18 years after being born in Jerusalem, then still part of the Ottoman realm.
"When we were children, the expulsion was not even mentioned, and therefore we do not have the same emotional reaction as people who were closer to it," he said. "Of course, it was something terrible, but the manner the apology is being done is healing, we love Spaniards."

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Photographies Journal are seeking proposals that explore the practices, theories and conditions of photography in and from 'Asia', considered as a heterogeneous geography and cultural formation. The conference aims to shed light on specific new issues relating to new technologies, cultural concerns and critical frameworks relating to photography and photography education in these regions. They are particularly interested in presentations or panels whether visual, theoretical or critically led, to address emergent problems and contemporary questions.
More specifically Photographies Journal invite proposals for papers that critically address the following themes or related issues:
The role of archives and memory in contemporary photography
New practices, technologies, and cultural change
Questions on the history of photography in Asia and photography education
Environment, ecology and photography
Festivals, collecting, and circulations of photography
For more details please follow the direct link.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
If the interrogative sentence starts with an interogative pronoun or an interrogative adverb, why, how, when, what, which etc.. the question is about something specific, why asks for a reason, when for a moment in time, how for the way something is done etc.. In this case the answer can't be yes or no. (Who bought the painting? => Yes.)
Depending for what these interrogative words stand for, we can distinguish between pronouns, adverbs and adjectives. If the interrogative word stand for a noun, it is an interrogative pronoun: What do you see? A tree. If the interrogative word stand for an adverb or adverbial, it is an interrogative adverb: How did he do that? Very fast. If the interrogative word aks for the property of a noun it is an interrogative adjective: What kind of car do you like? Cars that are not very thirsty.
Interrogative pronouns can be nominative (subject of the sentence), accusative (direct object of the sentence), indirect object (dative of the sentences and genitive. Basically the same things already discused in the chapter about pronouns are valid. In English cases, the function of an object in the sentence, nominativ, accusativ, dativ, genitive, are determined by prepositions and works the same way as it does in Portuguese.
subject: Who (person) => John loves Mary. => Who loves Mary? => John
subject: What (thing) => The roses are red. => What is red? => the roses
direct object: Whom => John loves Mary. => Whom does John loves? Mary
direct object: What (thing) => John give Mary rosese. => What does John gives Mary? => Roses
indirect object (person): To whom => John gives roses to Mary. => To whom does he gives roses? => to Mary.
indirect object thing): To what => Mary gives the roses water. => To what does she gives water? => to the roses.
genitive: whose => Johns car is in front of Mary's house. => Whose car is in front of Mary's house? John's car.
The author expects that we have cleared all grammar problems that can show up in the love affair between John and Mary. If they marry we will have a closer look on this issue.
Furthermore a distinction is to be made between what and which, see 22.3. Symplifying. What used as an adjective asks for properties, "What kind of flowers do you like?", which asks for an element of a group, "Which of your cars is the fastest?".
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There are many ways to get involved with the Alaska Center for Conservation Science (ACCS), including making a financial contribution, contributing data, donating plant specimens, or joining our team.
Support our Program
ACCS is primarily grant-funded institution with additional support provided by the University of Alaska Anchorage. As such, we rely on funding from government agencies and the public to manage and serve our data online.
To make a donation, click the button below to go to the donation page for the University of Alaska Anchorage. In the drop-down menu, select College of Arts and Sciences, and in the "additional information" text box specify the Alaska Center for Conservation Science. Optionally, specify the appropriate program within ACCS (Aquatic Ecology, Herbarium, Kachemak Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Landscape Ecology, Vegetation, and/or Wildlife).
Please consult program leads to donate data to Aquatic Ecology, Kachemak Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Landscape Ecology, Vegetation Ecology, and Wildlife Ecology. Rare plant occurrence data can be reported to the Botany program by clicking the button below:
Donate Plant Specimens
Dried plant specimens can be donated to the University of Alaska Anchorage Herbarium (UAAH). To donate a plant specimen, mail the unmounted, pressed plant in the collection newsprint to: University of Alaska Anchorage Herbarium BMH 3211 Providence Dr. Anchorage, AK 99508. Please send collection information corresponding to the specimens in a spreadsheet. For more information, see the Herbarium page.
Join Our Team
ACCS provides research opportunities for students in the University of Alaska system. Volunteer opportunities are also available. Additional information is available on our Opportunities page.


text:
Do you want to grow turnip seeds in Ohio, but don't know when to start them?
Starting turnip seeds is not as easy as it seems.
- Turnip Seeds must be consistenly watered, receive at least 8 hours of sunlight a day, & be kept at room temperature of at least 70 degrees Fahrenheit.
So if you don't consistently water them they won't germinate. If they aren't in a room that is at least 70 degrees Fahrenheit they won't sprout. And if it receives 8 hours of sunlight the plant itself won't grow.
- Because Ohio's growing season is not long enough, turnip seeds cannot be sowed outside and should only be started indoors.
Because of this, I'm going to teach you the ideal time to start turnip seeds indoors in Ohio:
- To Learn More About HOW to Grow Turnips, Check Out This GUIDE!
When to Start Turnip Seeds Indoors
Depending on the type of turnip, it takes roughly 14-21 days (2 to 3 weeks) to grow turnips from seed indoors before you can transplant them into your garden.
The approximate date of when you should start your turnip seeds indoors can be found by:
- Finding the last average frost date HERE
- And then subtract 21 days from it
You can also find the average last frost date for most major cities in the below chart that I have created:
To help ensure the greatest success of your turnip seeds germinating you should:
- Use a heat mat to ensure the gardening pot remains at 70 degrees Fahrenheit
- Use a grow light to control how much light your turnip seeds receive
- Water your seeds with a spray bottle to ensure your seeds are not overwatered
It should also be noted that you will not want to introduce your turnip plants into your garden until 2 weeks after your last frost or else your plant will potentially die or not bear vegetables.
If you want to learn WHEN to start ANY Vegetable Seed in Ohio, head over to HERE and just type in the vegetable you want to grow.


text: The logarithm function, with a slight modification, is proposed to be a general utility function for decision making under risk or uncertainty with known probability distribution. This utility function, as based on this author's concept of relative value, is mathematically and philosophically justified. It is shown that one normalized utility function or curve can be used for different problems, and also for the same problem with different degrees of personal preference of risk-aversion. It is also shown that the linear case with a straight-line utility function, in which the expected reward (ER) criterion and the expected loss (EL) criterion can be applied, is a special case of this proposed general utility function. A simple example is worked out for illustration.


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BEng Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Year of entry: 2021
Course unit details:
From Antarctica to Outer Space: Surviving and Thriving in Extremes
Unit code UCIL20142
Credit rating 10
Unit level Level 2
Teaching period(s) Semester 2
Offered by School of Social Sciences
Available as a free choice unit? Yes
For centuries, humans have chosen extremes for purposes of exploration, adventure and scientific discovery. Since sailing off the edge of the map, we have scaled Earth's highest mountains, crossed polar ice caps, dived to the ocean floor and stood on the surface of the Moon.
Today, people continue to live, work and play in some of the most extreme environments on earth and beyond. Why is it that, despite the risk, people remain drawn to these extreme places? Who has the right stuff for extremes and what is it that allows them to thrive at the limits? What, if anything, can we learn from these people and how might that help us tackle challenges faced in everyday life?
This unit introduces key historical, cultural, physiological and psychosocial perspectives on human life, survival and thriving in extremes. Using case studies and contemporary theory, students explore the physical, psychological and social demands faced by people in extreme settings, what motivates them to go to these places and what they do to cope.
Throughout the unit, students will journey through a range of study topics including the history of bravery and heroism in polar exploration, how to select astronauts for a mission to Mars, the mental health of humanitarian aid workers, and lessons for trauma, resilience and psychological wellbeing in an extreme world.
Students will explore how they can apply what they learn to their own challenges, including coping with stress in daily life, making effective decisions under pressure, and leading others in moments of crisis.
This unit will be delivered online with supplementary face-to-face seminars. It will include contributions from leading experts at the University of Manchester and abroad. Learning materials will include academic and popular texts, historical records and video and audio insights from well-known 21st century explorers.
This unit aims to provide a broad interdisciplinary perspective on surviving and thriving in extreme environments.
You will be encouraged to think critically and consider how you can apply what you have learnt to tackle challenges faced in other areas of life and work.
Learning outcomes
On successful completion of the unit, students will be able to:
 - Describe historical and contemporary perspectives on human life and survival in extremes
 - Discuss the cultural, physiological and psychosocial theories that explain differences in surviving and thriving in extreme environments
 - Apply findings from the study of people in extremes to challenges faced in everyday life
 - Create evidence-based summaries and reports for both non-academic and academic audiences
 - What are extreme environments?
 - Historical and cultural perspectives on adventure and exploration in extremes
 - Physiological and psychological basis of surviving and thriving in extreme conditions
 - Why people take the risk (+ seminar)
 - Extreme stress and unusual experiences (e.g. hallucinations, social conflict, scapegoating)
 - New exploration frontiers and challenge for human life
 - Selecting people for extreme activities from the South Pole to the solar system (+ seminar)
 - Trauma, recovery and mental health in the aftermath of disasters and emergencies
 - Leadership on the edge, in crisis and outside the norm
 - What extreme environments can teach us about everyday life
Teaching and learning methods
The unit includes contributions from leading researchers located in Manchester and around the world.
The unit is delivered via Blackboard with two face-to-face supplementary seminars in weeks 4 and 7. The unit is made up of 10 x online modules which will be released at intervals.
The unit is interactive and uses a variety of learning materials, including academic and popular texts, historical records and video and audio insights from well-known 21st century explorers.
Assessment methods
1. Ongoing end-of-module assessments (20%)
2. 1500 word report (choice of task) (50%)
3. Public engagement resource (30%)
Feedback methods
Via Blackboard
Study hours
Scheduled activity hours
Tutorials 39
Independent study hours
Independent study 61
Teaching staff
Staff member Role
Emma Barrett Unit coordinator
Return to course details


. It is shown that an unpublished manuscript identified as composed by Peirce in 1893 includes a truth table matrix that is equivalent to the matrix for material implication discovered by John Shosky. An unpublished manuscript by Peirce identified as having been composed in 1883–84 in connection with the composition of Peirce's "On the Algebra of Logic: A Contribution to the Philosophy of Notation" that appeared in the American Journal of Mathematics in 1885 includes an example of an indirect truth table for the conditional.
Notes[edit]
 1. ^ The operators here with equal left and right identities (XOR, AND, XNOR, and OR) are also commutative monoids because they are also associative. While this distinction may be irrelevant in a simple discussion of logic, it can be quite important in more advanced mathematics. For example, in category theory an enriched category is described as a base category enriched over a monoid, and any of these operators can be used for enrichment.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
 1. ^ Georg Henrik von Wright (1955). "Ludwig Wittgenstein, A Biographical Sketch". The Philosophical Review. 64 (4): 527–545 (p. 532, note 9). doi:10.2307/_PHONE_. JSTOR _PHONE_.
 2. ^ Emil Post (July 1921). "Introduction to a general theory of elementary propositions". American Journal of Mathematics. 43 (3): 163–185. doi:10.2307/_PHONE_. JSTOR _PHONE_.
 3. ^ a b Ludwig Wittgenstein (1922) Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus Proposition 5.101
 4. ^ Anellis, Irving H. (2012). "Peirce's Truth-functional Analysis and the Origin of the Truth Table". History and Philosophy of Logic. 33: 87–97. doi:10.1080/01445340.2011.621702.
Further reading[edit]
 - Bocheński, Józef Maria (1959), A Précis of Mathematical Logic, translated from the French and German editions by Otto Bird, Dordrecht, South Holland: D. Reidel.
 - Enderton, H. (2001). A Mathematical Introduction to Logic, second edition, New York: Harcourt Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-238452-0
 - Quine, W.V. (1982), Methods of Logic, 4th edition, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
External links[edit]


text:
This trail, called "Shvil Emek HaMayaanot" in Hebrew, winds through the Jordan Valley and surrounding areas. One end is in Beit She'an, the other on Mt. Gilboa near Kibbutz Merav. The route forms a rough loop which passes above the Jordan Valley and through Nahal Issachar and Nahal Tavor, then heads down to the valley and follows the river for some time.
It runs through numerous nature reserves and past plenty of springs, but the majority of it is through cultivated land which isn't particularly amenable to hiking. It's intended, instead, to connect interesting sites for short walks, and some of its sections, such as walking along the Jordan River Nature Reserve, or descending Mt. Gilboa to the hot springs of Gan HaShlosha, make for very good day hikes.
- 120 km
- 6-8 days to through-hike (though it's not intended for this)
- Most of its parts are not too far from towns, bus stops and highways
- Well-marked using the same system as the Jesus Trail – orange and white blazes, or orange dots above previously-existing trail blazes, and shown as a solid orange line on SPNI map #3


text:
The potential of Pathfinder AVHRR data for providing surrogate climatic variables across Africa and Europe for epidemiological applications.
Green RM., Hay SI.
Surface climatic conditions are key determinants of arthropod vector distribution and abundance and consequently affect transmission rates of any diseases they may carry. Remotely sensed observations by satellite sensors are the only feasible means of obtaining regional and continental scale measurements of climate at regular intervals for real-time epidemiological applications such as disease early warning systems. The potential of Pathfinder AVHRR Land (PAL) data to provide surrogate variables for near-surface air temperature and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) over Africa and Europe were assessed in this context. For the years _PHONE_ and 1992, correlations were examined between meteorological ground measurements (monthly mean air temperature and VPD(grd)) and variables derived from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data (LST and VPD(sat)). The AVHRR indices were derived from both daily and composite PAL data so that their relative performance could be determined. Furthermore, the ground observations were divided into African and European subsets, so that the relative performance of the satellite data at tropical/sub-tropical and temperate latitudes could be assessed.Significant correlations were shown between air temperature and LST in all months. Temporal variability existed in the strength of correlations throughout any twelve-month period, with the pattern of variability consistent between years. The adjusted r(2) values increased when elevation and the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were included, in addition to LST, as predictor variables of air temperature. Attempts to derive monthly estimates of atmospheric moisture availability resulted in an over-estimation of VPD(sat) compared to ground observations, VPD(grd). The use of daily PAL data to derive monthly mean climatic indices was shown to be more accurate than those obtained using monthly maximum values from 10-day composite data. A subset of the 1992 data was then used to build linear regression models for the direct retrieval of monthly mean air temperature from PAL data. The accuracy of retrieved estimates was greatest when NDVI was included with LST as predictor variables, with root mean square errors varying from 1.83°C to 3.18 °C with a mean of 2.38 °C over the twelve months.


How can I make a consecutive numbering with my e-mark?
Creating a consecutive numbering imprint in the app
To create a numbering imprint, go to "New imprint" and "start without template". In the editor you can add a numbering element to your imprint. Alternatively, you can choose one of the pre-installed numbering templates and click on the numbering element.
You can choose the following numbering settings:
 - Starting point/First number
 - Steps to count upwards
 - Digits of your number (00123 would be 5 digits)
 - End point of your numbering
 - Change after 'x' imprints (an imprint/number can be printed several times before it counts upwards)
 - Define a prefix or suffix to your number
Printing consecutive numbering imprints:
Since one of the latest updates, imprints with numbering function are automatically counted up from the e-mark. For this purpose, a numbering has to be added in the editor or a template has to be selected from the numbering category. Then send it once to the e-mark, the rest will be done by the e-mark itself. The e-mark continues to count even if the app is closed or the e-mark is switched off between two prints.
Please note that prints with numbering function cannot be stored on the e-mark at the blue, pink and orange positions or added to the print queue.
Furthermore, please note that by removing the battery or having had a battery level of 0 %, the e-mark resets numbering and will not print the right information any more.
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text:
STELLA is a visual platform for customized modeling of flow networks and tracking multiple constituents through a water system. STELLA has recently been used as a conservative water quality accounting tool to support total phosphorus (TP) and total suspended solids (TSS) TMDL allocation
analyses for a large watershed with multiple reaches and discharge inputs. STELLA was chosen as the tool for this purpose due to its visual presentation of reaches, inputs, and variables, as well as its flexibility. STELLA is essentially an open worksheet in which a user builds a network
of flow elements, storage elements, and variables to represent any water system. For this TMDL analysis, the mainstem and tributaries were set up in a model within STELLA, and nonpoint source flows and loads from a previously developed model were incorporated, along with point source flows
and loads compiled from existing data. MS4 flows and loads were also entered. The baseline pollutant loads were reduced through a series of reduction factors until concentrations met proposed water quality objectives. As needed, STELLA has also been used to simulate first-order decay or attenuation
of total phosphorus in impounded flow networks. STELLA provides a visual feature not available with other modeling platforms. The network constructed for the load allocation analyses has a similar "on-screen" visual structure to the actual river network and interdependencies
between system elements are clearly represented. The visual aspect of STELLA makes for a straightforward explanation of how the model works to public stakeholders. It is easy to visualize how the entire water network is constructed conceptually, how reaches and discharges connect to one another,
and how pollutants "flow" through the system and are mathematically reduced. STELLA was chosen for these analyses because the platform can be used to quickly "screen through" reduction percentages and identify effective allocations reach by reach by examining resulting
in-stream concentrations. The model was set up to include both global and local reduction factors. Global reduction factors are applied universally throughout the entire watershed, while local reduction factors can be applied to each individual reach. For each model run, these reduction factors
are easily edited on a control interface screen and results can be exported to a spreadsheet for further analysis and load allocation calculations.
Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation is an archive of papers published in the proceedings of the annual Water Environment Federation® Technical Exhibition and Conference (WEFTEC® ) and specialty conferences held since the year 2000. These proceedings are not peer reviewed. WEF Members: Sign in (right panel) with your IngentaConnect user name and password to receive complimentary access.


text:
How much power managers perceive they have plays a role in how fairly they treat those who work for them, according to new research.
The study, recently published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, found that managers who have a heightened sense of their power treat others less fairly compared with bosses who see themselves as less powerful.
"Although power and status are often thought of as two sides of the same coin, they, in fact, have opposite effects on the fairness of people's behavior," said Steven Blader, NYU Stern associate professor of management and organizations. "Unfortunately, there is much less emphasis in organizations on highlighting issues of respect and prestige — factors that drive a person's sense of their own status and would, therefore, encourage fairer treatment towards others."
As part of the study, researchers placed participants in a wide range of roles, providing them with information about the power and status associated with their characters. The research found that participants who had an elevated sense of their power behaved less fairly toward others and made decisions that reflected a weakened concern for fairness, while those who had an elevated sense of their status — and were thus concerned about maintaining their high status — behaved more fairly toward others and made decisions that reflected a far greater concern for fairness.
Blader said the results have important implications for managers, and for businesses in general, since they help make sense of the factors that determine how fairly or unfairly managers treat their subordinates.
The researchers conclude that a push by organizations to exclusively emphasize things that focus managers on power, such as head count, budget control, bonuses and other economic factors, actually leads those supervisors to treat their subordinates less fairly. In contrast, the study's authors expect that if companies emphasized focusing managers on status, and how peers, subordinates and superiors think of them, it would result in a far more positive impact on fairness and workplace relations.
The study, "Differentiating the Effects of Status and Power: A Justice Perspective," was co-authored by Ya-Ru Chen of Cornell University's Johnson School of Management.


text:
The difficulty in designing tractor cabins or rollover protection lies in finding the correct balance between energy absorbing capability and rigidity. If a vehicle tips or rolls over, rollover protection must be capable of absorbing and withstanding both lateral stress in a longitudinal and horizontal direction and vertical pressure.
The DLG Test Center Technology and Farm Inputs conducts about 200 cabin safety tests every year to ensure that drivers of tractors, construction machines and commercial vehicles are optimally protected in case of accidents. Legislation requires the stability of the so-called safety cell of tractors, construction machines and commercial vehicles to be tested, that is the structure that provides a residual space for drivers in case of an accident. These tests always comprise tests for rollover safety (ROPS – rollover protective structure) and to some extent also tests for protection against falling objects (FOPS – falling object protective structure) as well as additional criteria.
In contrast to tractor and construction machinery cabins, which are tested "statically", commercial vehicle cabins such as truck cabins are tested "dynamically", that is energy is introduced suddenly into the system by means of pendulum impact. In static testing, the necessary energy is introduced gradually into the safety structure by means of a hydraulic cylinder.
The DLG Test Center is one of the test laboratories designated for conducting safety cell tests by the Federal Motor Transport Authority in Flensburg (Germany).


LOAD TESTING OF KMS
writeImage
Shahid Algur,Quality Assurance Architect
Testing WebRTC applications is a complex activity. From the basic one-to-one calling to ascertain how to optimize for large group video calls requires simple and powerful automation.
Kurento is a WebRTC media server and a set of client APIs that supports the development of advanced video applications for the web and mobile platforms. Kurento Media Server features include group communications, transcoding, recording, mixing, broadcasting and routing of audiovisual flows.
Load testing any application requires creating a set of virtual users, mimicking user actions and simulating the load on the server. There is a big difference between load testing traditional web applications and WebRTC applications. Jmeter is a popular tool used for testing traditional web applications. However, since WebRTC involves peer to peer media communication through the browser, it requires a different approach to simulate such usage pattern. The challenge magnifies as the testing involves sending/receiving Audio and Video streams where the quality, frame rate, lag of all the streams between the end points must be measured along with client behaviors, server profiling, load balancers and the performance of KMS server itself. This makes the choice of technology stack crucial.
In order to do Load testing of KMS server we need to automate test execution using real web browsers (Chrome, Firefox, Safari etc.) since these browsers have in built implementations for WebRTC. Also, we need many browser instances running across multiple machines. Selenium Grid is a part of the Selenium Suite that specializes on running multiple tests across different browsers, operating systems, and machines in parallel. It supports distributed test execution and helps run tests in a distributed test environment.
Hub and node
Selenium Grid has 2 basic entities :
Hub/Master
 - A Selenium Hub is a central point (which can be a local machine) that receives all the test requests and distributes them to the right nodes. The machine which actually triggers the test case if known as the Hub.
 - There can be only one hub in a Selenium grid.
 - The machine containing the hub triggers the test case, but the actual test execution is carried out on Node machines.
Node/ Slaves
 - Nodes are the Selenium instances that will execute the tests that are loaded on the hub.
 - There can be one or more nodes in a grid.
 - Nodes can be launched on multiple machines with different operating systems and browsers.
The test bed can be setup as an on-premises solution or a cloud solution. There are several players in the public cloud / SaaS market such as Saucelabs and Browserstack. Using a cloud service is a good approach, as these providers offer the entire infrastructure with a large range of browser & OS combinations.
In this article, we will look at a Selenium grid and node setup on AWS cloud. The entire solution needs to be hosted in a single Region, within a single custom VPC. All selenium grid components – HUB & Nodes should fall within the same subnet. Hub machine will act as a Master and will require a GUI to watch the node instances. Testing nodes can be operated in Non-GUI mode and will act as Slaves. Test needs to be executed in Headless Mode which facilitates faster test execution and less usage of resources on client machines.

Test setup is categorized into 3 phases:
1. Number of meetings in progress
 - This phase includes creating and setting up test environment, software installations, setting up security policies and opening the required Outgoing/Incoming ports.
 - While forming the grid proper timeouts and configurations should be specified.
 - Modify the system configuration to increase file descriptors so as to allow large number of socket + API connections on backend application server.
 - Modify the system configuration to increase DefaultTasksMax on KMS server. Since KMS instance will have dedicated process running for KMS server, we can allocate max available tasks to KMS process itself.
2. Test Execution phase:
 - This phase include creating the necessary test data that acts as an input for the test scripts.
 - Specify IP's in Nodelist file and provide appropriate values in config file.
 - Tests can either be executed either sequentially or in parallel depending on the test scenarios.
 - Session duration can be set from few minutes to hours. Certain action will be triggered on client browsers to avoid timeout. All such configuration should be configured in the property file.
 - Resource profiling of server should be done while test execution is in progress.
3. Test Analysis phase:
 - This phase includes analyzing the outcome of test execution. Test reports will be created to show the status of test execution.
 - Analyzing screenshots and client browser logs in case of failure or Audio/Video loss.
 - Creating detailed test report with status of test execution, server statistics and resource metrics graphs.

Types of Testing
Tests are broadly classified on the basis of their objectives :
1. Load Testing
 - Evaluate the number of meetings which can be accommodated on a particular KMS instance by monitoring the Memory and CPU utilization while gradually increasing the load during testing.
 - Ensure that all meetings can work as functionally intended without causing any performance degradation by capturing screenshots of the admin portal.
 - Perform test actions based on usage and simulate various user patterns, for example, users can perform actions such as Audio calls, Video Calls, Audio calls and Screenshare, Video calls and Screenshare, Annotations and Messages etc.
 - Ensure there are no memory leaks on the backend application server by comparing memory usage pre and post execution of load test.
 - Ensure that all Websockets are released by the backend application server after the test completion.
2. Scalability Tests
There are few challenges while supporting horizontal scaling of KMS due to following constraints –
1
We need to ensure that all users of a single meeting are connected to the same KMS instance.
2
Traditional scale out approach based on CPU and memory won't work due to constraint mentioned in point # 1 and hence we need to keep a room for every meeting based on number of max users supported in a meeting.
3
Scale-in decision also needs to be taken based on number of meetings currently held by KMS instead of CPU and memory consumption.
Due to the above constraints, KMS scalability is achieved by implementing a dedicated Seed Node server which is responsible for redirecting users to the appropriate KMS instance as well as manages Scale-in and Scale-out of KMS instances. Additionally there should be a portal to monitor KMS instances and their status like CPU, Memory consumption, no. of meetings etc.
The Seed Node Server has configurations like threshold CPU / Memory / no. of meetings etc. and it starts with a batch of KMS instances. Following scenarios detail out Scalability testing:
Profiling to determine KMS benchmark
Perform Profiling activity of KMS by increasing 1 meeting at a time and monitoring CPU and Memory usage as shown in the diagram below. This test helps to determine the threshold value which acts as pivot point Seed Node configuration.
Profiling KMS by doing load test on KMS Server
 - Scale OUT
 - Increase the load of meetings and users using load script so that threshold value on Seed Node server is crossed. Verify that beyond this no further meetings will be hosted on current KMS instance and that the Seed Node server spins up a new KMS instance.
 - Scale IN
 - Stop the currently running meetings using load test script. Ensure that when the meetings count on a particular KMS instance reaches zero, it is marked as idle and stopped after a predefined time.
Results
By following the above steps, we are able to determine the performance of the WebRTC application at various load scenarios and verify whether the application adheres to the expected performance requirements for the given load.


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Identify the specific VMs that are slowing performance across your storage pool
You've heard about noisy neighbors hurting storage performance, but how about noisy neighborhoods? In this example, see how VMs on one array steal shared network bandwidth from VMs on a separate array—the power of VM-level visibility to troubleshoot problems that span your pool.
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text:
IPCMS (University of Strasbourg and CNRS joint lab) has been certified ISO 9001 for the following activities:
– Elaboration and characterization of materials by several different techniques (SEM, XRD, TEM)
– Nanofabrication in STnano cleanrooms.
The shared research facilities of IPCMS implemented a quality management system (synergy between skills, know-how, people and scientific / technical equipment) that led to the ISO 9001 certification by AFNOR. This certificate guarantees the quality and traceability of the results obtained by researchers, external users and industrial partners on IPCMS platforms. The students teaching and training in the platforms also enter into the quality system and certification.
This certification confirms the commitment to quality in the research activities that IPCMS has been conducting since 30 years
The four shared facilities of the IPCMS are:
– Plateforme de nanofabrication STnano
– Plateforme de diffraction par rayon X
– Plateforme de microscopie électronique à balayage
– Plateforme de microscopie électronique à transmission


text:
Skip to Main Content
Vertical few-layer graphene (FLG) is an excellent field emission material, with an atomically thin edge and a 2-D heat dissipation area. A pulse voltage driving operation was used to achieve a high field emission current. The pulsewidth and duty ratio affected the field emission characteristics of the FLG due to the current heating effect. The optimal pulse parameters were obtained. A maximum current of 32 mA in 3-μs pulsing operation was achieved from a 5-mm diameter FLG film, which was 10 times greater than the maximum current achieved in continuous current operation. The current fluctuation was 4.1%. A method for further increasing the emission current is proposed.


text:
Hello, i've been designing a device for measuring rats ECG using AD8232, but as the board completed, i'm observing these strange phenomenon:
The output is constantly changes, it just like the ad8232 only amplifying a noise (note that these are two ad8232).
Signal swings from 0 to 3.3V (i used REFOUT as reference).
As you can see the swings of the waveform, the green one mostly saturated at 0V while the blue one mostly saturated at 3.3V
The output from IAOUT when the lead is disconnected or when the input is shorted is about 1.5V, is that even normal?
I just follow the sample from the datasheet but with different HPF and with total G=200 referenced at 1.65V from REFOUT, please take a look at the schematic below:
Here is the PCB layout, for reference:


Example #1
0
 /**
 * Generic call-Method instead of numerous setter methods
 * @param string $method The name of the method, which is called for the Item-Object
 * @param array $args The arguments with them the method is called - minOccurance = 0, maxOccurance = 2:
 * The first argument must be a positive integer (will be used as a index)
 * The second argument is optional and would be used as value for the DOMNode
 */
 public function __call($method, $args)
 {
 if (substr($method, 0, 3) == "set" && $args[0] != '') {
 $attributeName = substr($method, 3);
 $value = $args[0];
 if (preg_match('/[0-9]+,[0-9]+/', $value, $match)) {
 $value = str_replace(',', '.', $match[0]);
 }
 if (preg_match('/[0-9]+.[0-9]+/', $value, $match) && $value == $match[0] && $attributeName != 'shippingCosts' && (is_int(strpos($attributeName, 'price')) || is_int(strpos($attributeName, 'Price')) || is_int(strpos($attributeName, 'Tax')) || is_int(strpos($attributeName, 'cost')) || is_int(strpos($attributeName, 'Cost')))) {
 $value = number_format(floatval($match[0]), 2, '.', '');
 }
 $this->node->setAttribute($attributeName, $value);
 } elseif ($args[0] != '') {
 if (sizeof($args) > 2) {
 die("It is not allowed to set more than 2 arguments for the node '{$method}'!");
 }
 if (!is_int($args[0]) || $args[0] < 1) {
 die("The first argument for the node '{$method}' must be whole number, bigger than 0!");
 }
 $name = $method . '[' . $args[0] . ']';
 $xpath = new \DOMXPath($this->doc);
 $qry = $xpath->query($name, $this->node);
 if ($qry->length > 0) {
 return new ORDER($this->doc, $qry->item(0));
 } else {
 if (array_key_exists(1, $args)) {
 $value = $args[1];
 if (preg_match('/[0-9]+,[0-9]+/', $value, $match)) {
 $value = str_replace(',', '.', $match[0]);
 }
 if (preg_match('/[0-9]+.[0-9]+/', $value, $match) && $value == $match[0] && $name != 'shippingCosts' && (is_int(strpos($name, 'price')) || is_int(strpos($name, 'Price')) || is_int(strpos($name, 'Tax')) || is_int(strpos($name, 'cost')) || is_int(strpos($name, 'Cost')))) {
 $value = number_format(floatval($match[0]), 2, '.', '');
 }
 $node = $this->doc->createElement($method, $value);
 } else {
 $node = $this->doc->createElement($method);
 }
 $node = $this->node->appendChild($node);
 return new ORDER($this->doc, $node);
 }
 }
 }
Example #2
0
 $Registry = RegistryModuleFactory::GetInstance()->GetRegistryByExtension($_SESSION["TLD"]);
 $registry_exists = true;
 } catch (Exception $e) {
 $registry_exists = false;
 }
}
if ($_SESSION["selected_domain"] && $registry_exists) {
 $node = new DOMDocument("1.0", "UTF-8");
 $node->loadXML(@file_get_contents(dirname(__FILE__) . "/../../../etc/client_domain_nav.xml"));
 $XMLNav->AddNode($node->documentElement, $XMLNav->XML->documentElement);
 $XPath = new DOMXPath($XMLNav->XML);
 $entries = $XPath->query('//node[@type = "tasks"]', $XMLNav->XML->documentElement);
 if ($entries && $entries->item(0)) {
 foreach ($entries as $node) {
 if ($node instanceof DOMElement) {
 $node->setAttribute("title", sprintf(_("Tasks for %s"), "{$_SESSION['domain']}.{$_SESSION['TLD']}"));
 }
 }
 }
 $entries = $XPath->query('//item[@type != ""]', $XMLNav->XML->documentElement);
 if ($entries && $entries->item(0)) {
 foreach ($entries as $node) {
 if ($node instanceof DOMElement) {
 $exists = false;
 $type = $node->getAttribute("type");
 foreach (UI::GetContactsListForSmarty($Registry->Manifest->GetSectionConfig()) as $ck => $cv) {
 if ($cv["type"] == $type) {
 $exists = true;
 }
 }
 if (!$exists) {
 /**
 * @param \DOMDocument $document
 * @param \DOMElement|\DOMDocument|null $parentElement
 * @param string $type
 *
 * @return \DOMElement
 */
 private static function createTypeElement(\DOMDocument $document, $parentElement = null, $type)
 {
 if ($parentElement->parentNode === null) {
 $typeElement = $document->createElementNS('_URL_ self::XMLNS . ':' . $type);
 $parentElement->appendChild($typeElement);
 } else {
 $parentElement->setAttribute(self::XMLNS . ':' . self::ATTR_TYPE, $type);
 $typeElement = $parentElement;
 }
 return $typeElement;
 }


Dynamic Performance Model for Wind Turbine Generators
Prajwal Gautam and Ganesh Kumar Venayagamoorthy
Wind turbine power curves are based on the industry standard IEC 61400-12-1. Power curves are used for planning purposes and estimating total wind power production. Wind velocity are collected and averaged over 10-minute periods. Traditional methods do not explain varying characteristics in wind dynamics where multiple power productions are observed for same wind speed. When the input parameters such as wind speed and wind directions are known and the output parameter wind power are known for an installed wind turbine generation plant, a dynamic computational network such as neural network is used to develop operation model and estimate the wind power generation.


text:
Culture and the City: Public Action and Social Participation in Rome's Experience.
The aim of this paper is to analyse the role and impact of cultural resources in urban change and growth. In particular the recent experience of Rome, where the municipal administration has often based the urban transformation of various areas upon cultural action, including contemporary architecture buildings, creative artists' work, cultural neighbourhoods and the like, is examined from a range of perspectives, focusing upon the many dilemmas faced by the public decision-maker in a complex ecosystem such as a town where residents, external users, and mass tourists share the same areas for different, and often conflicting, purposes. The main outcomes of the analysis show a substantial connection between the kind of action carried out and the possible degree of social engagement, along with the shared perception of common profiles in cultural resources. The need to activate cultural investments within a strategic framework, and the symmetrical weakness of occasional action is emphasized.
Journal of Business and Economics
Litardi I., Pastore L., Trimarchi M.


text:
Proceedings of The 2nd International Conference on Research in Business, Management and Finance
Development of Effective Management Theories
Muhammad Asadullah and Syed Irfan Hyder
This paper examines how Ghoshal's views (2005) of bad management theories are destroying good management practices. The authors propose a solution through which we may identify the bad management theory at an early stage. The authors posit that the theorist should have intuitive ability which is a pre-requisite to develop an effective theory. As far as intuition is concerned, we cannot test the intuitive ability of any individual, therefore a "think tank" may evaluate a management theory according to ethical and cultural perspective. If a management theory is culturally rich and ethical then it will be universally acceptable. On other hand, if management theory lacks characteristics of being culturally rich or poor ethical values then it should be modified or excluded from the literature. All ethical management theories which may not be culturally rich should be addressed with double hermeneutics according to region.
Keywords: ethics, cultural richness, intuitive mindset, management theory and moral values.


text:
Liquid Facelift with Restylane, Voluma, & Juvederm
Liquid facelift is an increasingly popular non-surgical aesthetic treatment designed to reduce wrinkles and lines from the face, and add a subtle lift to the facial structure. Liquid facelifts have taken innovation in injection-based facial rejuvenation procedures to the next level in terms of effectiveness and sustainability of results.
The procedure combines the benefits of volumizing and collagen stimulating dermal fillers along with neuro modulators such as Botox or Dysport. Dr. Q Medical Spa is a premier provider of liquid facelift and other minimally invasive and non-invasive procedures to patients in Palm Springs, Palm Desert, Rancho Mirage, and surrounding communities.
Optimizing Facial Rejuvenation
The major soft tissue fillers that are typically included as a part of a liquid facelift treatment at a med spa are Juvederm, Voluma and Restylane. These are used in conjunction with Botox or Dysport to achieve optimal facial rejuvenation outcomes. The patient can expect the following aesthetic benefits with a liquid facelift treatment:
- A gentle lift to the sagging brows and jowls.
- Reduction of puffiness below the lower eyelids and darks circles around the eyes.
- Lines and wrinkles around the corners of the mouth can be removed.
- Bumps on the nose can be hidden.
- Volume loss in the cheeks and forehead can be restored, leading to a fuller, rounder facial appearance.
- Lip enhancement can be achieved.
- Overall rested and youthful looking face can be restored.
People between the ages of 30 and 65 years, who have some amount of elasticity in the facial skin, seek a non-surgical facial rejuvenation procedure may consider a liquid facelift. Dr. Q Medical Spa, led by dedicated and experienced plastic surgeon Dr. Suzanne Quardt, provides this procedure to patients in Palm Springs, Palm Desert, Rancho Mirage, and nearby locations.
During the initial consultation process, the treatment expert will prepare a detailed injection plan after evaluating the patient's specific facial issues and their unique aesthetic goals. A customized combination of facial fillers such as Juvederm, Restylane and Voluma, along with muscle immobilizing agents such as Botox or Dysport will be included.
The expert will inject Botox with tiny needles directly into the overactive, wrinkle causing facial muscles between the brows, on the forehead and around the eyes. Restylane dermal filler may be used to address the under eye bags and hollows or dark circles around the eyes. Juvederm will be applied to address smile lines and nasolabial folds. Juvederm Voluma may be used to add volume to the cheeks and provide a subtle lift to the face.
On average, the liquid facelift procedure will take about one hour, but the treatment time may be extended if the number of facial areas to be treated is higher. Local anesthetic cream or fillers with pre-included lidocaine may be used to keep the patient comfortable during the entire procedure.
Recovery and Results
Restylane, Juvederm, and Voluma are all FDA approved, biocompatible fillers based on hyaluronic acid, which requires no prior allergy tests. Minimal or no downtime is usually involved with a liquid facelift. Results will usually last for about six months to a year, but skin volumizing may last longer.
For more information on Plastic Surgery and Non-Surgical Medical Spa Procedures and Treatments in the Rancho Mirage, Palm Springs, Palm Desert and surrounding areas please contact the offices of Board Certified Plastic Surgeon Dr. Suzanne Quardt (Dr. Q) by clicking here or calling _PHONE_.


text:
Students create puppet theatre based on a study of Greek mythology.
Breathing Life Into Myths
Program Summary A language arts teacher draws on puppetry techniques and help from her school's theatre teacher to engage her sixth-graders in exploring Greek myths.
The Integrated Instruction
HELEN SCHELL, 6th-Grade Language Arts Teacher I'm trying to immerse the children in the idea that mythology and Greek culture permeate our day-to-day life. I chose puppets because any time I plan a curriculum for the kids, my first thought is "How can I draw them in?" We're working with art, we're working with theatre, we're working with history, and obviously, we're working with language arts and writing.
JENNIFER LARSON, Theatre Teacher The way I worked with Helen Schell is very typical of what we do here. It started out as a passing in the hallway and that turned into a scheduled meeting. Initially we swapped ideas, and then I tried to stay a part of the process throughout. When the mythology scripts reached the level of production I went in and served as an advisor, working with Helen to get the kids to add some theatrics to the project, and doing some critiquing.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


1. Code
 2. ActionScript
Create an Image Rotator in Flash Using XML and ActionScript 3.0
In this tutorial you will learn how to make a simple Image Rotator from scratch using Flash, XML and ActionScript 3.0.
Step 1: Brief Overview
This image rotator is created almost entirely out of code alone.
During the first steps we will set up the Fla file properties and embed some fonts to make the image information look better. We also add a preloader to indicate the automatic transition of the images.
Step 2: Set Up
Set the stage size to 600 x 300 px and the frame speed to 24fps.
Step 3: Embed Fonts
In order to give a better look to our application we will make use of embedded fonts.
Open the Library Panel (Cmd+L) and right-click in the items area to bring up a context menu.
Select New Font and choose a font you like. Remember to select the actual size you are going to use in the movie.
I used Helvetica Bold for the image title, and FFF Harmony for the description.
Step 4: Preloader
A preloader MovieClip will be used as an indication of progress, this will tell the user that the images are playing automatically.
In this example, I used the Apple Inspired Preloader we created before here on ActiveTuts+. We'll just use the animation, so there's no need to copy the code. Our code will move on to the next image each time the preloader animation loops.
Step 5: Get Some Images
It wouldn't be an Image Rotator without images, so choose them from your personal collection or download a few for testing.
These are the images from the demo, obtained from Flickr, all with a Creative Commons License.
Images have been resized to 600x300 px to fit the movie size.
Step 6: Write the XML
An XML file will be loaded by the application; this file will contain all information about the images such as Title, URL of the image, and Description.
Open your favorite editor and write:
Step 7: Create the Document Class
Create a new ActionScript Document and save it as ImageRotator.as.
Step 8: Import Necessary Classes
This are the required classes. For a more detailed description about every class, please refer to the Flash Help (Press F1 within Flash).
Step 9: Start the Class
The extends keyword defines a class that is a subclass of another class. The subclass inherits all the methods, properties and functions, that way we can use them in our class.
We'll make our document class extend Sprite, as it doesn't need a timeline.
Step 10: Declare Variables
These are the variables we will use; each is explained in the comments.
Step 11: Write Constructor Function
The constructor is a function that runs when an object is created from a class. This code is the first to execute when you make an instance of an object or runs using the Document Class. In this case, it will be the first code run when our SWF starts.
The initial parameters have default values; this will let us use the class as a document class and as an instance.
The parameters are the URL of the XML file and the time that the Timer object will wait to make a transition between images; this number has to be higher than the duration of the Tween transition (one second by default).
Step 12: Write the Constructor Code
This code goes inside the constructor. It starts the Timer, sets the default text format for the text fields and calls the loadXML function.
Step 13: Load the XML File
This function uses the URLLoader object to load the XML file specified in the constructor's parameter. The parseXML function (in the next step) is set to execute when the load is complete.
Step 14: Parse the XML File
The xml data is assigned to the xml object, and a function to load the images is called.
Step 15: Load the Images
A for statement is used to get the number of images in the xml, load the images using a Loader object and store this Loader in a Vector object, which was defined earlier. When the load of an image is complete, the sortImages function is executed.
Step 16: Sort the images
This function adds the images to the stage and sorts them; when all images are loaded, it calls the functions that create the information panel and the mouse listeners.
Step 17: Add Mouse Listeners to Images
We use a for statement to set the mouse listeners to every image. This is a very simple form of control; when the user clicks an image, the changeImage handler function will be called.
Step 18: Manual Transition
This code will be run when the user clicks an image. Read the comments in the code for details.
Step 19: Move Image to Back
The transition between images is based on alpha tween, so you will see the next image when the transition has finished. However, if you click it, you will be clicking the same image as before, although it's not visible. This will fix that.
Step 20: Create Information Panel
This will create a semi-transparent panel, with text generated from the XML's Title and Description tags.
Step 21: Handle Automatic Transition
This code handles the automatic transition; it is triggered by the Timer object's TIMER event.
Step 22: Position the Preloader MovieClip
This chunk of script adds and places the preloader.
This completes the ImageRotator class.
Step 23: Using the Class
There are two ways to use this class. You can use it in your code as an instance or as the document class with the default parameters we set earlier.
If you choose to instantiate this class and use it in your code, this is an example of how to use it:
This way you can set the xml file to be loaded and the interval of the transition without the need to edit the class code.
Otherwise, see the next step.
Step 24: Using the Document Class
In the.fla file, go to the Properties Panel and write ImageRotator in the Class field. Remember that this will use the default parameters.
This is just an example of an image rotator, and a good way to start making your own awesome image gallery.
Thanks for reading!
Looking for something to help kick start your next project?


This project is abandoned.
Finally a simple command to easily add a looping jukebox music track to any area of your world via command blocks.
The plug-in has been tested on 1.6.2 but should work with older versions too.
 - /playmusic [ ]: Starts a single play of a jukebox record for a player, optionally at a custom x/y/z location. If location isn't specified then the player's current position is used. If triggered before the previous record has finished then the command is ignored.
 - /playmusic ForceStart [ ]: Starts the jukebox record immediately whether the previous play has finished or not.
 - /playmusic Stop: Stops the music for a given player.
 currently only supports Minecraft's built-in music discs: 13, Cat, Blocks, Chirp, Far, Mall, Mellohi, Stal, Strad, Ward, 11, Wait
To create an area with looping music (such as a world lobby or themed area) attach a command block to a redstone clock circuit (eg. a hopper clock) and add the command "playmusic _USER_[r=60] Mellohi". Any players within 60 blocks of the command block will hear Mellohi in a loop from their current position.
Equally you could trigger a single play on a redstone event such as a pressure plate or tripwire. Use ForceStart if this should interrupt any music still playing from a previous playmusic command (the plugin will always override music played from a jukebox block).
The music behaves as if it were played by a jukebox, so it has the same range of 65 blocks from the play location and doesn't follow the player until the track restarts. If you want the music to come from a fixed location in your map then enter co-ordinates eg. "playmusic _USER_[r=60] Mellohi -100 70 150".
By having several command blocks triggered at different times on a clock circuit with different records specified you can create a random play playlist, however different users will hear different songs.
 - Avatar of brainflakes brainflakes Aug 19, 2013 at 15:10 UTC - 0 likes
 _USER_: Go
 Hi SpookyPirate, if you don't mind random order then simply having multiple command blocks triggered at different times with different records will create a random playlist, like a music wheel of fortune
 Random play
 Different players will hear different music tho, it's hard to avoid that as music handling in standard Minecraft is very basic and done entirely on the client (all the server can do is tell a client to start a music track from the beginning, so there's no way to come in on a track that's played halfway through already)
 - Avatar of SpookyPirate SpookyPirate Aug 19, 2013 at 11:17 UTC - 0 likes
 Hello. I've been looking for a plugin like this for awhile now to replace the jukeloop plugin I use. Is it possible to enter several disk names at once and make it continually play through them all?
Date created
Aug 16, 2013
Last update
Aug 17, 2013
Development stage
Public Domain
Recent file


text:
Indiana Code Title 9. Motor Vehicles § 9-21-8-59 is the Indiana law that addresses texting and driving in Indiana. The code reads as follows:
(a) A person may not use a telecommunications device to:
(1) type a text message or an electronic mail message;
(2) transmit a text message or an electronic mail message; or
(3) read a text message or an electronic mail message;
while operating a moving motor vehicle unless the device is used in conjunction with hands free or voice operated technology, or unless the device is used to call 911 to report a bona fide emergency.
(b) A police officer may not, without the consent of the person:
(1) confiscate a telecommunications device for the purpose of determining compliance with this section;
(2) confiscate a telecommunications device and retain it as evidence pending trial for a violation of this section; or
(3) extract or otherwise download information from a telecommunications device for a violation of this section unless:
(A) the police officer has probable cause to believe that the telecommunications device has been used in the commission of a crime;
(B) the information is extracted or otherwise downloaded under a valid search warrant; or
(C) otherwise authorized by law.


text:
Runtime Callable Wrapper
The common language runtime exposes COM objects through a proxy called the runtime callable wrapper (RCW). Although the RCW appears to be an ordinary object to.NET clients, its primary function is to marshal calls between a.NET client and a COM object.
The runtime creates exactly one RCW for each COM object, regardless of the number of references that exist on that object. The runtime maintains a single RCW per process for each object. If you create an RCW in one application domain or apartment, and then pass a reference to another application domain or apartment, a proxy to the first object will be used. As the following illustration shows, any number of managed clients can hold a reference to the COM objects that expose INew and INewer interfaces.
Using metadata derived from a type library, the runtime creates both the COM object being called and a wrapper for that object. Each RCW maintains a cache of interface pointers on the COM object it wraps and releases its reference on the COM object when the RCW is no longer needed. The runtime performs garbage collection on the RCW.
Among other activities, the RCW marshals data between managed and unmanaged code, on behalf of the wrapped object. Specifically, the RCW provides marshaling for method arguments and method return values whenever the client and server have different representations of the data passed between them.
The standard wrapper enforces built-in marshaling rules. For example, when a.NET client passes a String type as part of an argument to an unmanaged object, the wrapper converts the string to a BSTR type. Should the COM object return a BSTR to its managed caller, the caller receives a String. Both the client and the server send and receive data that is familiar to them. Other types require no conversion. For instance, a standard wrapper will always pass a 4-byte integer between managed and unmanaged code without converting the type.


text:
General Lifestyle Survey
(formerly called the General Household Survey)
The General Lifestyle Survey (in its previous incarnation as the General Household Survey) used to be one of the most used government surveys. However, with new, larger surveys introduced over the last decade, particularly the Family Resources Survey, it is now used much less often. In effect, its main uses are when Great Britain-wide results are required and none of the other surveys have the required data. This means that its uses are largely limited to analyses by:
- Limiting long-standing illness or disability.
- Available from: UK data archive.
- Registration required: yes.
- First survey available: 1971.
- Frequency: annual.
- Updated: May.
- Scope: Great Britain-wide (i.e. does not include Northern Ireland).
- Format: SPSS, STATA or TAB.
- Files: two files per year, one at the individual level and the other at the household level.
- Documentation: comprehensive.
- Weighted or unweighted: weighted from 1998/99 onwards but unweighted for earlier years.
- Household income data: yes, equivalised.
Note that, prior to 2008, the equivalent survey was called the General Household Survey (GHS).
Also note that:
- Prior to 2005, each dataset covered a financial year rather than a calendar year.
- There was no survey in either 1997/98 or 1999/00.
In addition to the dataset itself, ONS publishes an annual report giving many statistical analyses from the dataset.
Which software to use
As the annual dataset is around 30,000 records for individuals and 10,000 records for households, it can be exported into Excel.
When to use the individual and household datasets
Use the household dataset when the desired analysis relates to households. When the desired analysis relates to individuals use either the individual dataset and/or the household dataset depending on which has the variables that are required. If the required variables are in the household dataset then the analysis can be undertaken in either of two ways:
- by linking the two datasets together using the household serial number as the key; or
- by using the household dataset but multiplying the household weights by the number of people in the household to get individual weights.
Note that children have a null weight in the individual dataset so any analyses at the individual-level are actually analyses for adults only.
Because the dataset is for Great Britain only, the graphs below are also for Great Britain only.
|Working-age limiting long-standing illness or disability||individual||first three||Use ONS mid-year population estimates as necessary to translate proportions into absolute numbers.|
|fourth||Data actually obtained from table 7.5 of the ONS annual report rather than from the dataset itself|
|Older people limiting long-standing illness or disability||individual||first three||Use ONS mid-year population estimates as necessary to translate proportions into absolute numbers.|
Data actually obtained from table 7.5 of the ONS annual report rather than from the dataset itself
|Overcrowding||household||first||For the individual-level analysis, multiply the household weight by the number of people in the household.|


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As Christians, it is important to establish new relationships on a Godly foundation. In Colossians 3:12-17, scripture instructs us to clothe ourselves with compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness, and patience. These virtues are essential for building healthy and meaningful relationships, both with those we are dating and with others in our lives.
In 1 Thessalonians 2:8, we are told that we were gentle among you, like a nursing mother taking care of her own children. This verse illustrates the importance of showing compassion and care in our relationships. As we get to know someone on a deeper level, it is important to be patient, understanding, and supportive.
Furthermore, James 1:19 tells us that everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak, and slow to become angry. In other words, we should approach relationships with an open mind and a willingness to listen and learn from the other person. By practicing active listening and avoiding quick judgments, we can build deeper connections and foster a sense of trust and respect.
Overall, establishing new relationships on a Godly foundation is essential for building healthy and meaningful connections with others. By following the guidance of scripture and striving to embody Christ's love in our relationships, we can create bonds that are based on mutual respect, trust, and a shared faith in God.
Also, as a Christian, it is important to be mindful of the signals you are sending, not only with your words, but also with your body language. According to scripture, Christians are called to love others and to be an example of Christ's love to the world. With that in mind, here are some signals you may want to consider sending on a date as a Christian:
- Show interest and investment in the person you are with. Make eye contact and avoid staring at distractions. (Proverbs 18:24, Colossians 3:12-17)
- Lean toward your date and engage in the conversation. Nod and use open gestures to show that you are listening and interested. (1 Thessalonians 2:8, James 1:19)
- Be animated and enthusiastic. Show that you are excited to be on the date and happy to be getting to know the person you are with. (Colossians 4:5-6)
- Smile and be positive. Your attitude can have a big impact on the overall tone of the date. (Proverbs 15:13, Philippians 4:8)
- Establish physical contact if it is welcome. A light touch on the arm or hand can show interest and build connectedness. (1 Corinthians 6:19-20)
- Be mindful of your words and actions. Consider the message you want to send and make sure your words and actions align with that message. (Ephesians 4:29, Colossians 4:6)
By following these guidelines, you can show your interest in your date and communicate the love of Christ through your words and actions.


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Sensors flag environmental damage to art at the Met
NEW YORK It will take a good eye to spot them, but dozens of tiny, very modern works of art have been installed near the 15th-century unicorn tapestries and other medieval masterpieces at a New York City museum.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art announced this week that a network of wireless environmental sensors designed to prevent damage to the collection is being tested at its Cloisters branch.
The IBM sensors — each housed with a radio and a microcontroller in a case about the size of a pack of cigarettes — can measure temperature, humidity, air flow, light levels, contaminants and more. They are inexpensive and run on low power, and several can be positioned in a room, scientists said.
The information collected goes into a three-dimensional "climate map" that can be accessed on a computer, and the data can then be analyzed to adjust the climate, spot trends and even make predictions.
"Nobody in the world at this moment has this kind of information, not at this level of detail," said Paolo Dionosi Vici, associate research scientist at the Metropolitan. "It's the analytics that will keep us one step ahead technologically."
The network now covers about a third of the Cloisters, which houses 3,000 medieval works in several ancient buildings that were disassembled in Europe and rebuilt in northern Manhattan. The Met expects to expand the network throughout the Cloisters and eventually to the main museum on Fifth Avenue.
The climate at museums like the Cloisters is already tightly controlled, with especially fragile items kept in sealed cases. Curators don't have to worry about the ravages that might happen to a fresco in an open Italian church, for example.
But the artwork is sensitive to small climate variations.
"A window in a museum, in summer, that can be a hot spot," Vici said. "And the light from the window on the floor can increase the temperature of the floor. Until now, that is a variation we might not know about because we were not taking so many measurements."
Another factor that can influence the climate in a museum is the number of visitors — and where the visitors have been.
"If it's raining outside the Cloisters and the tourists that come in are wet, that has an effect," Vici said.
The idea is to keep the effects from causing any damage, even slow damage, to the art.
"Whenever we have to act on an object to repair it, it's a loss of memory of what it was in the past," Vici said. "Restoration can be very useful but if we can prevent (deterioration), it's better."
Hendrik Hamann, an IBM research manager working on the project, said the 100-year-old company has had a long relationship with the Met and found the art world a good test for its sensor technology, which can also be used in ordinary buildings to measure energy efficiency and other details.
"The conservation of art and our cultural heritage is obviously one of the grand challenges of our time," Hamann said.
Vici and Hamann both said the sensors — which they called low-power motes — could eventually be adapted to measure how a painting on wood, for example, reacts to minor climate fluctuations.
"We'd like to be able to monitor how much the wood swells, even a tiny amount," said Vici, who said he worked on the preservation of the Mona Lisa.
Hamann said as data pours in, trends will appear, "and we can use those trends to understand what will happen in the future."
"We will know that certain things happen in the museum environment on certain days," he said. Those trends can then be correlated with information about the best way to protect a tapestry or a wooden statue, for example.
Hamann said the Cloisters was chosen for the test because "It is a historic building. It has high ceilings. It has famous glass windows. It has tapestries, wood paintings, stonework, it has indoors and outdoors sections. It's very interesting from a monitoring perspective."
The Cloisters had temperature and humidity monitors but lacked the analytic capabilities of the new program, he said.
About 100 of the new sensors have been spread through seven adjacent rooms, including the one housing the priceless tapestries that portray a unicorn hunt. They are inconspicuous, but not hidden entirely.
"If you know where the motes are you can see them," Hamann said.
But Vici said, "The visual impact of the sensors is so small compared to the quality of the information. … For every object in the room we can know in real time how the climate evolves in that particular point."
Copyright 2011 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Visualize for a moment a square mile of land covered by a layer of wet silt 14 feet thick. That's how much accumulated silt is choking the life out of 85-year-old White Rock Lake.
The City is now working on plans to remove some of that silt in an $18 million dredging project. The big question is whether the City's project will really make much of a difference.
White Rock Lake was formed in 1911 with a storage capacity of 18,158 acre feet. Siltation has reduced its capacity to less than 9,000 acre feet. Silt has drained into the lake, primarily by way of White Rock Creek, from decades of natural forces, erosion, and soil displacement stemming from rapid urban development in North Dallas and Collin County.
The goal of the dredging project is to remove an estimated three million cubic yards of silt to achieve a minimum depth of eight feet. City engineers plan to use a floating hydraulic dredge to cut up the silt and pump it out of the lake. Dredging is expected to take two years and should be completed in the summer of 1999 or 2000, depending on whether a three- or four-year bond program is adopted.
A couple of points about the dredging plan bear mentioning: First, don't get the idea that White Rock Lake is going to be scraped clean of muck. Three million cubic yards equals only 20 percent of the accumulated silt. And only the northern third of the lake will be dredged, while the remainder of the lake won't be addressed.
Second, the City's plans do not yet – and may never – address long-term, upstream measures, such as retention basins and erosion controls, to reduce the amount of silt flowing into the lake.
By the City's own estimate, the silt expected to be removed under the current plan will be re-deposited in about 20 years. The north end of the lake would likely again be off-limits to boaters and fishermen well before that time.
The City's consulting engineers will be providing specifications for a small dredge, which the City could buy and use at White Rock Lake and other City lakes to remove silt. Of course, the cost of using the dredge and disposing of the silt will be subject to the political whims of future City Councils in the annual City Hall budget melee.
Given the Council's past orphan-child treatment of the Park and Recreation Department, which would operate the dredge, we shouldn't hold much hope for a dredging program that can keep up with the rate of siltation.
Disposal of the dredged silt remains a major issue. Current plans call for silt and water to be pumped directly from the lake through the City in above-ground pipes and deposited on undeveloped tracts of land in Dallas.
The City Public Works Department has come up with a candidate list of 76 tracts for disposal; the list will be narrowed to about 20. The sites range from one to eight miles from the lake. In our neighborhood, Flagpole Hill is on the list as a potential reclamation site. One imaginative Dallasite has suggested using the silt to build a brand new hill hear the lake ("ski Dallas" anyone?). Having to use more remote sites could raise disposal costs beyond current estimates, possibly resulting in less silt being removed.
The City Council will choose the silt disposal sites next year, and the selection process could become political, with several Council districts having proposed disposal sites. Many of the proposed sites are south of I-30, and grumblings about North Dallas imperialism in the selection process already have been heard.
Although tests of the silt have indicated no dangerous levels of chemicals, and City engineers promise the stuff won't stink, residents near proposed sites might adopt a not-in-my-backyard attitude toward silt disposal.
Stay tuned on this issue.


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Basenji is a very old dog breed. There is documented evidence of Basenjis 5,000 years ago in Egypt, where they were known as "the pharaoh's dog." In Africa, the breed was used as a hunting dog. Although it has been known as the "barkless dog," it is not noiseless. Instead of barking, these dogs yodel and shriek and can be quite noisy.
The Basenji stands 16 or 17 inches tall and weighs 20 to 25 pounds. She is very much an athlete, lightly built but muscular. She has a wrinkled forehead, upright ears, and almondshaped, dark eyes. The tail is high and curled. The coat is short and may be red, black, tricolored, or brindle.
The Basenji's short coat should be brushed twice weekly with a soft bristle brush. Although a walk morning and evening will be enjoyed, that's not enough exercise. The Basenji needs to run inside a safely fenced area where she can sniff for critters and run until she's tired. Although she doesn't look like a sighthound, she has many characteristics of a sighthound, including the joy of running and the hunting of prey by sight.
Enrolling in a puppy socialization class can help Basenjis be more comfortable with people outside their families. Early training that is fun can teach her important household rules. Keep in mind, though, that during training many people feel Basenjis are more like cats than dogs. Although the breed is quick and intelligent, it is not necessary compliant, so training can be a challenge. However, with lots of positive reinforcement, the Basenji can learn to enjoy training, and many have succeeded in a variety of canine sports.
The Basenji breed can be very difficult for a first-time dog owner or for an owner who wants a compliant dog. A Basenji's owner needs a sense of humor. The Basenji can be good with children when they treat her with respect. She may chase cats and can be dog-aggressive. Health concerns include eye, kidney, and thyroid problems and anemia.


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I have $Q_8=\{I,A,A^2,A^3,B,AB,A^2B,A^3B\}$ where $A=\begin{pmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ -1 & 0 \end{pmatrix}$ and $B=\begin{pmatrix} 0 & i \\ i & 0 \end{pmatrix}$
Now I take a look at $Q_8/N$ for all $N\unlhd Q_8$ (i.e for which G is there an isomorphism $Q_8/N\cong G$??)
I know that $|N|\in\{2,4\}$. If $|N|=2$ then $N=\{I,-I\}$ and clearly $Q_8/N\cong V$ where V is Klein-Four group.
What if $|N|=4$?
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The quotient group in that case is of order $2$. – Lubin Dec 10 '12 at 20:40
So they probably will be isomorphic to $\mathbb Z_2$ and $\{I\}$ but how do the $Q_8/N$ look explicitly? – Voyage Dec 10 '12 at 20:45
1 Answer 1
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Let's work out explicitly what the quotient looks like by a subgroup of order 4. Specifically, let's quotient by $\left = \{1,A,A^2,A^3\}$.
$Q/\left$ is, by definition, the set of cosets of $\left$ in $Q$. As pointed out, there must be two cosets because 8/4=2. One of these cosets, $S_1$, contains the elements of $\left$, and the other, $S_2$, contains the leftovers: $\{B,AB,A^2B,A^3B\}$.
Strictly speaking, these two cosets are the elements of $Q/\left$. The group operation is defined as the usual product for two subsets of a group. If $S$ and $T$ are subsets of group $G$, their product $ST$ is said to be the set $\{st|s\in S, t\in T\}$.
Under this product, the two cosets of $\left$ in $Q$ form a group. You can verify directly that $S_1S_1 = S_2S_2 = S_1$ and $S_2S_1=S_1S_2 = S_2$. These relations demonstrate that $Q/\left$ is cyclic of order 2.
This is a relatively unexciting example. If there were more than two cosets, you might have to compute several pairwise products before discovering the structure of the quotient group. Because $|Q/\left|=2$, there was only one possibility for a group structure. Also, if you were to take $G/H$ with $H$ not normal in $G$, you would find that the cosets would not form a group under the product we defined.
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The Irish Hare
Credit: Mike Rendle
The Irish hare Lepus timidus hibernicus is the only species of lagomorph native to the island of Ireland. Carbon dating of cave fossils has shown that hares were present in Ireland as far back as 30,000 BP. This species is now thought to have continuously inhabited Ireland since before the last ice age.
The Irish hare's unique morphology, ecology and behaviour as compared to other mountain hares seem to be the result of genetic adaption over a period of at least 30,000 to 60,000 years. Consequently the Irish hare possesses a high number of unique genetic characters that are not shared by any other hare species outside of Ireland. This suggests the current Irish hare population could be the only remaining descendants of an older genetic lineage that was probably common in Europe prior to the last Ice age. So although the Irish hare is currently classified as a sub-species of the mountain hare there is now compelling evidence that it should be given species status in its own right.
The Irish hare is about the same size as the mountain hare (Lepus timidus scoticus). Coat (pelage) colour varies, even within the same group, from russet brown to light brown or blond. There are two moults and the coat can vary throughout the year, developing white patches. Its fur does not normally change to white in winter although it can become lighter and greyer. Colour change in Irish hares is more prevalent in very severe winters. Few Irish hares turn completely white but all white specimens have been reported and some have gained a place in folklore.
Irish hares and brown hares (Lepus Europeaus) may be difficult to distinguish in the field due to the variations in pelage and tail colour. As with the mountain hare, the black tipped ears of the Irish hare are shorter than those of the brown hare The upper surface of the brown hare's tail is always dark, while the Irish hare's tail may be white or dark in colour.
Irish hares can be found from hill-top to sea-shore and there are reports of them grazing on sea-weed. However, they are most likely to be found in "unimproved" areas of species rich vegetation and tall plants such as rushes. This provides not only food but also cover and shelter where they can lie up during the day, out of sight of predators.
Irish hares appear to be relatively solitary animals for most of the year with a limited range and dispersal. Studies have produced figures of between 10 and 40 hectares as the Irish hare's typical range. Although not highly social, Irish hares exist as local populations, some of which have now become extinct.
Irish hares breed throughout most of the year, with leverets recorded from January through to November. With a gestation period of 52 days and a lactation of around 6 weeks, this means that females (does or jills) may be in an active breeding phase at any time. Irish hares are thought to have up to four litters a year of between one and four leverets, the average being two. 75% of the leverets are unlikely to survive their first year of life. Like the brown hare, Irish hares do not breed in their first year.
Irish hares have been in serious decline since the early 1900's owing to changed farming practices, especially mechanised grass cutting. Their persecution for sport may also have had a major impact. The Ulster Wildlife Trust has warned that hare hunting and coursing "may prove to be the final straw for some of the more isolated populations." In an article on 23 May 2005, the Irish Independent placed the Irish hare alongside the corncrake and the marsh fritillary butterfly as species under severe threat in Ireland.
Credit: Mike Rendle
Organised hare coursing has now been banned in Northern Ireland but remains widespread in the Irish Republic. Throughout Ireland, the Irish hare remains a quarry species and may be hunted with guns or dogs despite evidence of on-going long term decline. The most robust time series survey data available suggests that hare numbers have declined in Northern Ireland by around 50% over a six year period between 2004 and 2010.
Historically large colonies, such as those at Aldergrove near Belfast and Bull Island near Dublin have also declined. Rathlin Island, off the North Coast of Ulster, remains a stronghold for Irish hares. It is home to the Rathlin 'golden hare', which displays a distinct genetic variation producing individuals with blue eyes.
Brown hares were introduced to Ireland by landowners in the 19th century. These appear to have died out although a small population exits in North West Ulster. It is not know if these individuals are descendants of the original imported hares or the result of a more recent introduction. Irish hares and brown hares may interbreed but the degree of threat to the future of the native Irish hare population is unknown.
Irish hares were also introduced to Mull from Ireland, although it's not clear when this took place. DNA taken from hares on Mull has verified their heritage.


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* The "absolute nuclear" family type is both liberal and unequal. Children are totally emancipated, forming independent families of their own. The inheritance usually goes to one child, often a son.
* The "egalitarian nuclear" family type is both liberal and equal. Children are as emancipated and independent as in the previous type, but equal division of the inheritance encourages stronger parent-children relations before the passing of the parents.
* The "stem" family type is both authoritarian and unequal. Several generations live under one roof, with one child marrying to continue the line. The other children remain unmarried at home, or leave to get married.
* The "incomplete stem" family is as above, but with slightly more equal inheritance rules — an intermediate with the last family type.
* The "communitarian" family is both authoritarian and equal. All sons can marry and bring their wives into the ancestral home. The family inheritance is divided equitably among all children.
Is there a connection between family-inheritance type and fertility in today's Europe? Have a look:
[Map from Eurostat]
How does "family type" affect fertility?
I have a hard time seeing seeing any strong correlation. More precise data would help. Certainly other factors seem more important, political, cultural, economic. German fertility is low across the board, across two family-type zones. Nevertheless, other 'Stem Family' regions have more robust fertility. Germans are clearly still very nationally — perhaps better-to-say 'civilizationally' — pessimistic, a legacy of defeat decades ago and demonization ever since.
A more suitable question would be, "all else equal, how does 'family-type' affect fertility?" Inheritance is a major part of this 'family-type' concept, and the question of inheritance and fertility was first brought to my attention by the commenter Rollory in a post about France's low-fertility 1800s.
A casual analysis: Looking at Netherlands alone (all are part of Dutch culture), it seems Absolute Nuclear regions out-breed Stem Family regions. The highest-fertility department in France seems to be mostly Absolute Nuclear. The highest-fertility region of Scotland is Absolute Nuclear.
Why would "Absolute Nuclear" produce highest fertility?