text:
Another UK-Assembled Rover To Mars Has Been Binned3rd Aug 2022
European and US space agencies have binned another plan to send a UK-assembled rover to Mars.
A blow to the UK space sector, the vehicle was going to play a pivotal role in getting rock samples from Mars back to Earth so that they could be studied in laboratories for indications of life.
Airbus UK are determined the make sure that all of their efforts and investment in the rover do not go to waste.
The project is still going to go ahead, but without the UK's robot
The project is still commencing. However, American drones are going to be used in place of the British-built robot. The reason for this is to lower the cost and risk in what is a complicated mission.
Airbus UK, which had invested in a new, ultra-clean production facility, in Stevenage, issued the following statement:
"We are very disappointed that after all the hard work on developing the Mars sample fetch rover that the programme has been cancelled.
"With the skills and expertise built up on interplanetary rovers over the last 20 years, Airbus is determined to ensure this surface mobility capability, that could also be used on the Moon, is maintained for the UK space sector."
Ensuring the work does not go to waste
There is the possibility that all of the work carried out in Stevenage by Airbus UK could be re-purposed.
ESA has put forward a proposal to European research ministers to fund a large freighter that can deliver payloads and cargo, including roving vehicles, to the Moon, beginning at the close of this decade.
Speaking about this, Francois Spoto, the agency's head of Mars exploration, stated the following:
"We are going to study with Airbus UK how to redirect the know-how that has been developed in order to see how it could be targeted at another planet."


text:
Why is equity capital expensive for opaque banks?
Bank managers often claim that equity is expensive relative to debt, which contradicts the Modigliani-Miller irrelevance theorem. This paper combines dividend signalling theories and the Diamond-Dybvig bank run model. An opaque bank must signal its solvency by paying high and stable dividends in order to keep depositors tranquil. This signalling may require costly liquidations if the return on assets has been poor, but not paying the dividend might cause panic and trigger a run on the bank. The more equity has been issued, the more liquidations are needed during bad times to pay the expected dividend to each share.
|Date of creation:||26 Jan 2012|
|Date of revision:|
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Web page: _URL_
More information through EDIRC
When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:hhs:bofrdp:2012_004. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: (Minna Nyman)
If references are entirely missing, you can add them using this form.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


.facilty.naming.rdb.SequenceIdAllocator'. containing only the long allocateId(long seqValue, Object key) method. To specify the use of an identifier allocator, you have to put the class name as value associated to the key 'sql-seq-allocator'.
 Even if the identifier is allocated by a sequence you can want to have access to the identifier field. You can declare a persistent field as primary which the type is long or java.lang.Long. If you choose 'long' the null references are stored with the -1 value. If you choose 'java.lang.long' the null references are with the NULL SQL value.
 NOTE: The other datastore identity types (autoassign, increment, uuid-string and uuid-hex) will be supported later.
 7. Primitive fields
 8. With Speedo a field is a primitive field when its types is a primitive type or a wrapper to a primitive type. Here is the list of field types manages as primitive type in Speedo:
 Its is not required to declare primitive fields in the .jdo file, excepted if you want to specify constraints or column name. In the .jdo file a persistent field is declared thanks to the 'field' xml node (sub node of 'class' node) Here a simple example.
 <field name="myField"/>
 JDO 2 specification defines several attributs to declare constraints:
 In relational support a primitive field is mapped over a single column. The column definition can be specified with the sub xml node column as shwon by the following example:
 <field name="myField">
 <column name="MY_COL" sql-type="VARCHAR(28)"/>
 </field>
 On this column tag, the 'sql-type', the 'size' or the 'scale' can be specified.
 The 'sql-type' is the SQL column type.
 The 'size' attribut is useful for String, BigDecimal or BigInteger fields. For BigXXX fields, this property represents the number of digits (integer + decimal). For String fields, the attribut represents the maximal String length. This attribut is ignored if the sql-type attribut is specified.
 The 'scale' attribut is useful for float and double field. This attribut is ignored if the sql-type attribut is specified.
 'field-converter' extension
 An extension named 'field-converter' permits to change the usual translation between the memory type and the data support type for a primitive field. For example, if the user has a legacy relationnal database, it can map an integer field into a String (VARCHAR on a RDB). To do this, the user must implement the org.objectweb.speedo.api.UserFieldMapping interface provided by Speedo. This implementation is able to convert a memory value to a data store value and reversly. Finally, the user must indicate, as value of the extenstion 'field-converter', the class name of the interface implementation.
 <field name="f1">
 <extension vendor-name="speedo" key="field-converter"
 value="com.foo.bar.String2intConverter"/>
 </field>
 And here is the source code of the String2intConverter class:
 package com.foo.bar;
 public class String2intConverter implements UserFieldMapping {
 public Class getStorageType() {
 return String.class;
 }
 public Class getMemoryType() {
 return Integer.TYPE;
 }
 public Object toMemory(Object storagevalue) {
 return Integer.valueOf((String) storagevalue)
 }
 public Object toStorage(Object memoryvalue) {
 return (memoryvalue == null ? null : memoryvalue.toString());
 }
 }
 'user-cache' extension
 The extension named 'user-cache' permits to specify that a primitive field is a part of an unique index in an user cache. For more details about the user cache feature see the corresponding chapter. The value of the extension is the name of the user cache. If the index of the cache is composite, you simply have to specify the extension for each field with the same user cache name. A class can have several unique indexes.
 The following examples a class containg 4 fields. The fields 'id' is the identifier (primary key). The couple (f1,f2) is a secondary key. The field 'f3' is another key.
 <field name="id" primary-key="true"/>
 <field name="f1">
 <extension vendor-name="speedo" key="user-cache"
 value="myCache1"/>
 </field>
 <field name="f2">
 <extension vendor-name="speedo" key="user-cache"
 value="myCache1"/>
 </field>
 <field name="f3">
 <extension vendor-name="speedo" key="user-cache"
 value="myCache2"/>
 </field>
 9. Direct reference to persistent instance
 10. A reference field is a field which references one persistent instance. In case of there is no bidirectional relationship (no reverse field), the reference to the other persistent class is mapped over column in tables of the field owner class. In other words the foreign-key is in the table of class owning the reference. The column corresponding to the foreign key can be defined with 'column' attribute or sub xml node. Below is a simple example of showing a reference from the class 'A' to the class 'B'. The class 'A' is stored on the 'TA' table whereas the class 'B' is stored on the 'TB' table.
 class A {
 String myIda;
 B myB;
 }
 class B {
 long myIdb;
 }
 Below is the corresponding jdo file part describing both persistent class and the mapping of the reference:
 <class name="A" identity-type="application" table="TA">
 <field name="myIda" primary-key="true" column="IDA"/>
 <field name="myB" column="FK_IDB"/>
 </class>
 <class name="B" identity-type="application" table="TB">
 <field name="myIdb" primary-key="true" column="IDB"/>
 </class>
 The 'column' defines the name of the foreign key column (FK_IDB). As the referenced class has an identified composed of a single column (IDB), the correspondance is implicit.
 If the identifier of the referenced class is composite, you have to specify the target column for each column of the foreign key as shown by the following example:
 <class name="A" identity-type="application" table="TA">
 <field name="myIda" primary-key="true" column="IDA"/>
 <field name="myB">
 <column name="FK_IDB1" target="IDB1"/>
 <column name="FK_IDB2" target="IDB2"/>
 </field>
 </class>
 <class name="B" identity-type="application" table="TB">
 <field name="myIdb1" primary-key="true" column="IDB1"/>
 <field name="myIdb2" primary-key="true" column="IDB2"/>
 </class>
 11. Multivalued fields (Collection, Set, List, Map)
 12. A multivalued field is a field referencing several primitive values or several persistent instances (mixing is forbiden). Speedo supports several types of structure (java.util.Collection, java.util.Set, java.util.List, ...). This chapter is divided in several parts corresponding to the content of multivalued field and the type of structure.
 Reference to several primitive values
 When a multivalued field references a collection of primitive values, an additional table is required. This table must be join to the main table of the field owner. Currently, Speedo supports only joins based on the identifier. Here is an example of a 'A' persistent class references a set of String value.
 class A {
 String ida;
 Collection strings;
 }
 <class name="A" >
 <field name="ida" primary-key="true" column="IDA"/>
 <field name="strings" table="T_SET">
 <collection element-type="String"/>
 <element column="STR"/>
 <join column="FKIDA"/>
 </field>
 </class>
 The sets of String are stored into the 'T_SET' table. The column corresponding to the element is STR. The join to this table is based on the identifier of the class. The foreign key column is 'FKIDA'. If the id


text:
Precipitation is scarce and evaporation is intense in desert areas. Groundwater is used as the main water source to develop agriculture in the oases. However, the effects of using groundwater on the ecological environment elicit widespread public concern. This study investigated the relationship
[...] Read more.
Precipitation is scarce and evaporation is intense in desert areas. Groundwater is used as the main water source to develop agriculture in the oases. However, the effects of using groundwater on the ecological environment elicit widespread public concern. This study investigated the relationship between soil salinity and groundwater characteristics in Yaoba Oasis through in situ experiments. The relationship of the mineral content, pH, and main ion content of groundwater with soil salt was quantitatively evaluated through a gray relational analysis. Four main results were obtained. First, the fresh water area with low total dissolved solid (TDS) was usually HCO3−
type water, and salt water was mostly Cl−
. The spatial distribution of main ions in groundwater during winter irrigation in November was basically consistent with that during spring irrigation in June. However, the spatial distribution of TDS differed in the two seasons. Second, soil salinization in the study area was severe, and the salinization rate reached 72.7%. In this work, the spatial variability of soil salinization had a relatively large value, and the values in spring were greater than those in autumn. Third, the soil in the irrigated area had a high salt content, and the salt ion content of surface soil was higher than that of subsoil. A piper trilinear diagram revealed that Ca2+
were the main cations. SO42−
, and HCO3−
were the main anions, and salinization soil mainly contained SO42−
. Fourth, the changes in soil salt and ion contents in the 0–10 cm soil layer were approximately similar to those of irrigation water quality, both of which showed an increasing trend. The correlation of surface soil salinity with the salinity of groundwater and its chemical components was high. In summary, this study identified the progress of irrigation water quality in soil salinization and provided a scientific basis for improving the oasis ecosystem, maintaining the healthy development of agriculture, managing oasis water resources, and policy development. Our findings can serve as a reference for other, similar oasis research.


text:
The Importance of Lumens and Balance in Creating Focal Walls: Enhancing Your Home Decor with the Right Lighting
When it comes to interior design, lighting plays a crucial role in creating the right ambiance and mood in any space. One of the most effective ways to enhance your home decor is by creating focal walls. These walls draw the eye and serve as a centerpiece in any room.
However, a focal wall is only as good as the lighting that illuminates it. That's where lumens and balance come in.
Lumens are a measurement of the amount of light emitted by a bulb or fixture. When selecting lighting for a focal wall, it's important to consider the lumens needed to properly illuminate the space. Too few lumens and the wall may appear dim and uninviting. Too many lumens and the wall may be overpowering and uncomfortable to look at.
So, how many lumens do you need for a focal wall? The answer depends on the size of the wall and the desired effect. As a general rule, you should aim for 200-400 lumens per square meter. However, if you want a dimmer, cozier feel, you can aim for as low as 100 lumens per square meter. On the other hand, if you want a brighter, more energizing feel, you can aim for as high as 800 lumens per square meter.
While lumens are important, balance is equally crucial. Balance refers to the distribution of light in a space. When it comes to focal walls, you want to create balance by ensuring that the lighting is evenly distributed across the wall. This can be achieved by using multiple light sources, such as wall sconces or track lighting.
Another important aspect of balance is color temperature. Color temperature refers to the warmth or coolness of a light source. For a focal wall, you want to aim for a color temperature that complements the colors and textures of the wall. For example, if you have a warm-toned brick wall, you may want to use a warmer, more yellow-toned light source to enhance the natural warmth of the wall.
Creating a focal wall is a great way to add interest and depth to any room. However, it's important to consider the role of lighting in creating a successful focal wall. By understanding the importance of lumens and balance, you can create a stunning focal wall that enhances your home decor and sets the right mood for any occasion.


you enter a value for the hour to begin that
is less than the current hour , you will see an additional
item appear on the screen asking if you want to begin execution after Midnight.
If you answer this item with a 'N' then you will get a chance to correct the
hour value you typed in. If you answer the question with a 'Y' the
program execution will occur AFTER midnight has been passed when the time
that you enter has 'come back around'. For example, if the current time is
9 AM, and you type 05 for the hours, obviously either you have made a mistake,
or wish to execute the program at 5 am TOMORROW.
Next, you will be prompted to answer the minutes you wish the program to begin
execution on. Type the two digit number you want.
Please remember that when you type the numbers in for both the hours and the
minutes, you need to type a 2 digit number. If you want the program to start
at 8 AM, then type 08 for the hours. If you want 10 am, you may type a 1
and then press the return key instead of typing the 2nd number .
Similarly, if you want 0 minutes, just press the return key instead of typing
in numbers when you get to the minutes prompt.Just remember that for either
hours or minutes, you will need to type a 0 before the 2nd number if the value
you are entering is less than 10. Dont worry, the program won't let you do
it wrong. But if you do it right, you won't hear the error tone.
Finally, type in the name of the program you wish to be executed when the
time you entered has arrived. You can type a program name along with
parameters such as 'C:\'. For example, you might type 'chkdsk c: /f', and
at the entered time, your hard disc drive would do a 'check disk' with the
'fix' option. You may also enter the name of a DOS batch file. For instance,
if you have a .BAT file that does your data backups, you could leave the name
of the batch as the program to be executed. If you decide to leave the
program to be executed area blank, LATER will give you a command shell copy
of DOS. That is, at the time entered, the program will exit to dos and let you
do anything you like. IMPORTANT NOTE:IF YOU LEAVE THE PROGRAM FIELD BLANK
TO GET 'A COPY OF DOS' YOU WILL NEED TO, AT SOME POINT, TYPE 'EXIT' AT THE
DOS PROMPT TO RETURN TO 'LATER' TO NORMALLY TERMINATE *MY* PROGRAM, AND TO
FREE UP ALL THE MEMORY AVAILABLE. I don't know why anyone would want to have
my program wait until a certain time only to drop into DOS, but the program
will allow it.When you enter text in this field, you are in 'insert mode'.
That is, if you back up with the arrow key, text typed will be inserted instead
of overwriting whatever is already there. If you don't want insert mode, simply
press the INSERT key, and insert mode will go off....just like in all the word
processing packages. The arrow keys and backspace key will let you edit any
typing mistakes you may have made. Also, you have 14 characters between where you start typing and the edge of the display box> to enter your
program to execute in.If you need more space than this, make a .BAT batch
file. Type anything you like in the batch file...it can be as long as you
like, and use the batch name in LATER.
After you press the return key in the area for Program to Execute, you will
get a chance to change your selections. A prompt reading 'Any Changes:' will
appear in the bottom line of the box on the screen. If you wish to change
any of your responses, type a 'Y' and you will be able to re-type the
information. If all responses are correct, press return, or type an 'N'.
As soon as you do this, LATER will display the current time and the time left
until it will run the program you asked it to.When the 'time left' has
counted down to zero, the program you asked for will begin to execute.
IMPORTANT NOTE: WHEN THE PROGRAM YOU ASKED 'LATER' TO RUN HAS FINISHED, CONTROL
WILL BE PASSED BACK TO 'LATER' BY DOS. AT THAT TIME, 'LATER' WILL QUIT
**AND CLEAR THE SCREEN!**. SO PLEASE BE AWARE OF THIS. AFTER THE PROGRAM THAT
'LATER' HAS RUN IS FINISHED, THE SCREEN WILL BE CLEARED. SO IF YOU ARE RUNNING
SOME PROGRAM THAT IS SUPPOSED TO LEAVE SOMETHING ON THE SCREEN THAT YOU WANT
TO SEE, YOU WILL NEED TO POSSIBLY MAKE A BATCH OR DO SOMETHING ELSE THAT WILL
PAUSE AFTER THE PROGRAM IS THROUGH, SO THAT YOU CAN SEE WHAT IS LEFT ON THE
SCREEN.
If you decide that you want to cancel LATER before it has reached the time
you gave it to start, or maybe if you notice that you have mistyped one of
the selections, you need only press the ESC key to make LATER terminate.
The '>>>>>Press ESC Key To Return To DOS<<<<<' message is displayed on the
bottom line of the screen after the countdown has begun, so it shouldn't be
too hard for you to remember that one.You may also terminate the program
by typing ctrl-break at any time. Impatient types like me would
want to start over immediately by typing this rather than having to enter
enough items to get to the 'Any Changes:' prompt.
If the program name that you entered is invalid, at the time LATER tries to
execute it, it will get the 'Bad command or file name' message from DOS.
LATER will have nothing to do at that point except to terminate. So please
make sure that you have typed the program name correctly. It would be a
shame to come back later to check on what had happened only to find that LATER
couldn't run the program name you entered.
And thats all folks! LATER is an extremely easy program to run. I hope you
will enjoy it and find it useful!
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Talent ID
Remove the relative age effect by changing players' shirt numbers
The relative age effect is widespread across many sports. It refers to the consistent findings whereby junior sport teams (typically representative teams) are populated by players born earlier in the year, or soon after the cut-off date for a particular sport. In other words, coaches and selectors more often than not select older players to play in the best teams.
Why does this matter?
Well, imagine this scenario. A girl born in January is 11 months older than a competitor. Consequently, she is bigger and stronger, and dominates her age group. She gets a scholarship into an academy and is provided with the best coaching services available. Unbeknown to everyone, her competitor, the girl 11 months her junior, actually possesses the same level of skill. But due to the fact she is younger, she is less developed physically, and cannot dominate her age group during the younger years. As a result, she is overlooked for a scholarship.
Removing the relative age effect should therefore be a priority for sports authorities.
A novel strategy to remove the relative age effect
David Mann and Pleun van Ginneken tested three methods to reduce the relative age effect in junior soccer. Talent scouts were divided into three groups that varied in the information that they were provided about the soccer players who they watched:
 1. Provided with NO information about the players age
 2. Provided with the players' age
 3. Provided with knowledge that the players shirt number corresponded to their relative age (i.e., number 1 = oldest player)
 - The relative age effect was present regardless of whether the talent scout was told the player's age (i.e., Groups 1 and 2 above).
 - The relative age effect was eliminated when talent scouts were made aware that the players' shirt number corresponded with their relative age (i.e., Group 3 above).
Concluding message
Manipulating player's shirt numbers so that oldest players wear the lowest numbers is an effective strategy to make coaches and talent scouts aware of players' age. Indeed, simply telling a scout the age of a player was not enough to remove the relative age effect.
Mann, D. L., & van Ginneken, P. J. (2016). Age-ordered shirt numbering reduces the selection bias associated with the relative age effect. Journal of sports sciences, 1-7.
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text:
Did you know that our national parks are not just for recreational activities like hiking and biking? Parks also offer powerful place-based learning experiences for students, bringing the classroom to life and engaging kids in hands-on activities.
Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve is a diverse park that hosts six separate sites, including a wetland, battlefields, and three cultural centers. The park also offers a variety of activities for kids including Junior Ranger programs and summer camps. In 2013, the park hosted a BioBlitz, which brought over 3,000 youth to the park where they discovered and documented over 900 species.
The park is also working to engage kids in learning about Louisiana's wetlands and other natural and cultural resources within the Barataria-Terrebonne National Estuary area. Youth are led through hands-on scientific exploration and citizen science field experiences which augment classroom learning.
"We want the students to see the connection between what comes out of the faucet at their homes and the health of our natural resources such as the bayou—the source of our drinking water." ~ Park Ranger Angela


Where is the Set data type?
Hello! I'm new to Xojo and I'm tying to find the Set data type.
I've done a good bit of searching through the language reference and the forum, and I can't seem to find anything. Is it called something different in Xojo?
Thank you
That doesn't exist. The closest is a Dictionary, using just the Key with no corresponding Value.
var mySet as new Dictionary
mySet.Value( "a" ) = nil
mySet.Value( "b" ) = nil
mySet.Value( "A" ) = nil // Won't add it again
if mySet.HasKey( "b" ) then
 ...
end if
You could also design a class around this if you want a better or clearer API.
1 Like
its more or less a array where you add a value only once. and after that the values not change.
you could use extends to add this feature to an array, using a method to check
if value is not there, or create a simple class that simulate your set if you need 100% the same.
As I would understand it, one advantage of Kem's approach is that Searches (and establishing whether something is or is not a member) will be faster using a Dictionary than an Array. Searching in a large Dictionary using a Key is fast. Searching a large Array using a value is not so fast.
Thanks for the replies. Kem's solution seems to be the best, since using an array would forgo the runtime advantages of a dictionary.
@Kem, I have a question about line 4 of your example. Are string keys in Xojo case-insensitive?
From: _URL_
An object that contains a list of key-value pairs. Both keys and values are Variants. ASCII String keys are case-insensitive, but non-ASCII String keys can be case-sensitive. String keys are encoding-sensitive.
and
String Key Differences
Dictionaries use hashes for their lookup functions. Because of this, string keys need to match exactly; otherwise the dictionary will not consider them equal. The only exception to this rule is with regard to string case. The characters "a" and "A" are treated as identical in dictionary keys because of a case-insensitive hashing function. However, non-ASCII characters such as "é" and "É" are not treated as identical in dictionary keys, even though they are equal in a direct string comparison.
While a UTF-16 string can be compared to a UTF-8 function in your code, they will provide different hashes when working with dictionaries.
Edit: also a good read:
2 Likes
Thanks for finding that link. I've updated it with API 2.0 calls.


Dragon Age Wiki
Dragon Age Wiki
The Band of Three was a group of scholars vowed to researching the history of Kirkwall during and prior to the Tevinter occupation.
The Seekers of Truth in Kirkwall secretly created the Band of Three to investigate why there are so many blood mages in the city, the nature of the Veil there and whether the Forgotten Ones in elven lore are connected to the Forbidden Ones in other works. The team, comprised of Dalish apostate Vahnel, Brother Kerowen, and Felestia, was bound with holy vows to uncover what lore they could and return it to the Seekers.[1]
Hawke can find notes detailing their discoveries. Hawke can discover more passages as time passes in Kirkwall. The notes explain how the Band of Three conducted their research and include some comments on their theories.
The Band of Three disagreed with the then-accepted theory that the Tevinter Imperium came to Emerius (future Kirkwall), for its natural harbor and mineral wealth. They also note the Imperium dispatched three legions to Emerius which never arrived and seemingly vanished. Suspecting a greater reason, they continued their research, delving into continually more dangerous situations.
Upon acquiring some rare texts from Kirkwall's black market, the Band realized the city had hidden undercity passages which had housed Tevinter researchers. As they explored the passages, they wondered why Kirkwall's magical research was hidden, when so many other cities in the Imperium studied it publicly. Eventually, a stonemason showed the Band a map of Kirkwall, and the writer saw that the city had been built according to magical symbols; this, apparently, is why Kirkwall is very easy to get lost in.
During the Tevinter Imperium in Kirkwall, a large number of slaves would disappear every year. Though Kirkwall was a slave-trading hub and required large numbers of slaves in order to work the mines, the Band notes that roughly one of every ten slaves went missing, a disproportionately high number.
One of the notes mentions that the Band was eventually attacked by maleficarum, resulting in Vahnel being severely injured and perhaps his or her death. Interestingly, they note that Kirkwall's Circle of Magi has consistently had problems with blood mages and Harrowing deaths ("almost double that of Starkhaven or Ostwick"), something consistent with Hawke's experiences in Kirkwall.
During their research, the Band found some disturbing records about Kirkwall's architecture. The city's sewers have grooves that lead downward, apparently for blood sacrifice. They note that blood magic from a simple cut is already very powerful, and could not understand why the Imperium needed blood magic on the scale of thousands of slaves a year.
Eventually, the Band's research culminates in the discovery that the Imperium had been deliberately weakening Kirkwall's already thin Veil, though they do not know for what purpose. It can be inferred from the notes that Kirkwall's design was intended to be used as part of a blood ritual to do this, perhaps in order to summon demons like the Forbidden Ones.
The final note left by the Band suggests that they may have attempted to recreate the magister's lore they gathered. [2] Whatever they did killed Felestia and left the writer severely injured. The last member of the Band, Kerowen, returned to seal whatever they released, saying the knowledge they had gathered must be destroyed.
Known members[]
 - Seeker Cahail – formed and sponsored the Band of Three
 - Felestia
 - Brother Kerowen
 - Vahnel – a Dalish apostate
Codex entries[]
Codex entry: The Enigma of Kirkwall Codex entry: The Enigma of Kirkwall
See also[]


text:
Usually the people who visit Egypt have little problems with communications because those working in the tourist sector are normally adept in at least many different languages. Habitually, most of them speak some English, and many of them fluently. French is also a traditional language, but so too is German and Italian. However less common, are the Spanish, Chinese, Japanese and Russian languages, but of course there are specialized guides that are also fluent in most any language, who accompany various tours.
However, if one escapes the confines of a tour group and ventures out into normal Egyptian neighborhoods, some command of the local language of Egypt is very helpful. Upscale restaurants, shops and other establishments will normally have multilingual personnel, but several common Egyptians one comes into contact with may only have such communication skills.
Egyptian dialect of Modern Arabic
The official language of Egypt is the Egyptian dialect of Modern Arabic. Today, Arabic ranks as the sixth most common language with an estimated 186 million native speakers. Furthermore, as the language of the Qur'an, the holy book of Islam, it is also widely understood throughout the Muslim world, even in countries where Arabic is not the native language. The Egyptian colloquial Arabic is spoken by some 50 million people, mostly in Egypt.
- inta/inti aarif il-inglezi? = "Do you (male/female) know English?".
- jim is pronounced g instead of j.
However, the Arabic Language is written from right to left. It has its own alphabet, different from the Roman alphabet used for English.
For communication purposes while travelling and using this guide, it is very important to note that Arabic is divided into Classic Arabic (mostly used in print) and Colloquial Arabic.
If You want learn Arabic Language, can visit:
- Arabic Language Center in Cairo
- Arabic Courses
- Learn Egyptin Arabic

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
It's Insect Week! In these fun WorldbyCharlie videos filmed at the U-M Museum of Zoology from the insect collection, you will learn about beetle battles, why male horse flies have such BIG eyes, and see the largest butterflies IN THE WORLD.
Charles Engelman, a U-M undergraduate majoring in ecology and evolutionary biology, is producing these quirky and informative videos featuring Mark O'Brien, collection manager of insects at the U-M Museum of Zoology. Engelman is publishing a video a day, perhaps to keep the bugs away, during National Insect Week. Check back for new videos. Enough words, on to the videos.


Urdu: tasavvur
Discussion in 'Indo-Iranian Languages' started by Chhaatr, Apr 27, 2013.
 1. Chhaatr Senior Member
 I have tried to look up this word in Platts but there is no entry there. From the web it seems this means "imagination" and this seems to correspond with the usage I've come across on Youtube.
 My questions are:
 1) If I were to say:
 "Zaraa tasavvur kareN aisaa hotaa to kyaa hotaa?"
 Would this be correct usage of this word?
 2) Also, does this word have any other meaning? If so, could someone illustrate it with a sample sentence, please?
 Many thanks!
 2. Alfaaz Senior Member
 Here is the Platts entry.*
 1) Yes!
 2) For an example, you can read (and listen to) this.
 *Note: Generally, Urdu words (especially of Arabic and Persian origin) are transliterated (and pronounced...this would vary) with a w rather than a v. However, some forum members choose to use a v for transliteration of words like waqt or tasawwur, so this might have caused the confusion of not being able to find it in Platts.
 3. marrish
 marrish Senior Member
 اُردو Urdu
 Yes, your are right, this noun means ''imagination''. Your sentence is also perfectly alright. This word has no other meaning but can be translated in different ways.
 Here is the entry from Platts:
 A تصور taṣawwur [inf. n. v of صور 'to form or fashion,' &c.], s.m. Imaging or picturing (a thing) to the mind; imagination, fancy; reflection, contemplation, meditation; forming an idea; idea, conception, perception, apprehension:—taṣawwur karnā, v.t. To picture to oneself; to imagine, fancy; to regard, consider, suppose; to conceive, apprehend, &c.
 Lastly, here is your sentence in the Urdu script:
 ذرا تصوُر کریں ایسا ہوتا تو کیا ہوتا؟
 4. Chhaatr Senior Member
 Merii Urdu siikhne kii koshish meN aap donoN kii musalsal madad ke liye maiN aap donoN kaa shukrguzaar huuN, tahe dil se!
 marrish saaHib, kareN ke nuun meN dot kyoN nahi hai?
 5. Qureshpor Senior Member
 Punjabi, Urdu پنجابی، اردو
 Think of the word being connected to "tasviir" (image/picture), hence "imagination", fantasy, idea, concept, conception.
 kashish-i-saql kaa tasavvur (The concept of gravity)
 Here is someone from your city talking about stars and the like.
 yih rupahlii chhaaoN yih aakaash par taaroN kaa jaal
 jaise suufii kaa tasavvur jaise 3aashiq kaa xayaal
 aah lekin kaun jaane kaun samjhe jii kaa Haal
 ai Gham-i-dil kyaa karuuN, ai vaHshat-i-dil kyaa karuuN
 Majaaz Lakhnavi
 Last edited: Apr 27, 2013
 6. Chhaatr Senior Member
 I just checked out the link to which Alfaaz saaHib pointed me. I give below an extract from what I read there (I'll do the listening part after this post).
 "unka hi tasawwur hai, maHfil ho kih tanhaa'ii"
 What does tasawwur mean here, imagination or yaad?
 Last edited: Apr 27, 2013
 7. marrish
 marrish Senior Member
 اُردو Urdu
 خوشی کی بات ہے کہ ہم آپ کے کام آ سکے پر الفاظ صاحب مجھ سے زیادہ ہی حاضر جواب نکلے ہیں!۔
 xushii kii baat hai kih ham aap ke kaam aa sake par Alfaaz SaaHib mujh se ziyaadah hii Haazir-jawaab nikle haiN!
 چھاتر صاحب، جیسے کہ آپ کو معلوم ہی ہے، کریں میں نون کی پوری آواز نہیں آتی بلکہ صرف ے ۔۔۔ناک سے۔۔۔ بولا جاتا ہے۔ اس قسم کے نون کو نونِ غنہ کہتے ہیں۔
 Chhaatr SaaHib, jaise kih aap ko ma3luum hii hai, ''kareN'' meN nuun kii puurii aawaaz nahiiN aatii balkih sirf ''e'' ''naak se'' bolaa jaataa hai. is qism ke nuun ko nuun-e-Ghunnah kahte haiN.
 اور آپ کے نہی میں نونِ غنہ کیوں نہیں؟
 aur aap ke ''nahi'' meN nuun-e-Ghunnah kyoN nahiiN?
 8. Qureshpor Senior Member
 Punjabi, Urdu پنجابی، اردو
 aur janaab aap ke "nahiiN" meN "nuun (-i-) Ghunnah" kahaaN hai?
 9. Alfaaz Senior Member
 nuqte ke baghair nuun nuun-e-ghunnah kehlaataa hai, representing nasalization as in the following : کریں ، میں ، کیوں kareN, meN, kyuN, etc.
 Chaatr SaaHib, as stated above, these would more likely be transliterated as tasweer/taswiir, tasawwur, and waHshat in most Urdu publications and also Platts.
 10. Chhaatr Senior Member
 Thank you very much QP saaHib. Yes Majaaz was from Rudali near Barabanki which is about 27 or so kilometres from Lucknow. I was listening to his "yeh meraa chaman hai, meraa chaman, maiN apne chaman ka bulbul huuN" which is the Taraanaa of AMU. Pretty high-falutin stuff for a beginner like me but my thanks to the blogger who had put in English translation to the difficult words
 Last edited: Apr 27, 2013
 11. Qureshpor Senior Member
 Punjabi, Urdu پنجابی، اردو
 It means "maHbuubah terii tasviir kis tarH maiN "bhulaa'uuN""", yih to naa-mumkin hai! tum merii nas nas meN samaa'ii hu'ii ho.
 12. Chhaatr Senior Member
 saaHibaan mehrbaanii kar ke is sawaal pe bhii tawajjo deN.
 Last edited: Apr 27, 2013
 13. Qureshpor Senior Member
 Punjabi, Urdu پنجابی، اردو
 tavajjuh farmaa'iye Huzuur! is ke ma3nii haiN kih mere zihn meN tum hii tumm chhaa'ii hu'ii ho, chaahe maiN auroN kii suHbat meN hotaa huuN yaa bi_lkul akelaa!
 14. marrish
 marrish Senior Member
 اُردو Urdu
 Alfaaz SaaHib, could you please check whether this verse is written correctly? I'm asking about محفل ہو کے تنہائی maHfil ho ke tanhaa'ii. Perhaps محفل ہو کہ تنہائی maHfil ho kih tanhaa'ii?
 15. Alfaaz Senior Member
 Another interpretation: People could think that the person is perhaps experiencing visual and/or auditory hallucinations, because s/he thinks of and sees his/her lover all the time which makes others see insanity, magar woh apne aap ko shaidaa'ii, saudaa'ii aur dewaanah tasawwur naheeN karte!
 As you would know, the edit function wouldn't work now.
 Last


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galileo - the serial-production ait challengeThe Galileo Project is one of the most demanding projects of ESA, being Europe's autarkic navigation system and a constellation composed of 30 satellites. This presentation points out the different phases of the project up to the full operational capability and the corresponding launch options with respect to launch vehicles as well as launch configurations. One of the biggest challenges is to set up a small serial 'production line' for the overall integration and test campaign of satellites. This production line demands an optimization of all relevant tasks, taking into account also backup and recovery actions. A comprehensive AIT concept is required, reflecting a tightly merged facility layout and work flow design. In addition a common data management system is needed to handle all spacecraft related documentation and to have a direct input-out flow for all activities, phases and positions at the same time. Process optimization is a well known field of engineering in all small high tech production lines, nevertheless serial production of satellites are still not the daily task in space business and therefore new concepts have to be put in place. Therefore, and in order to meet the satellites overall system optimization, a thorough interface between unit/subsystem manufacturing and satellite AIT must be realized to ensure a smooth flow and to avoid any process interruption, which would directly lead to a schedule impact.
Ragnit, Ulrike (European Space Agency Germany)
Brunner, Otto (European Space Agency Germany)
August 24, 2013
September 22, 2008
Publication: 25th Space Simulation Conference. Environmental Testing: The Earth-Space Connection
Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
Public Use Permitted.
IDRelationTitle20090015851Analytic Primary25th Space Simulation Conference. Environmental Testing: The Earth-Space Connectionvisibility_off


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Definition of Relievos
1. relievo [n] - See also: relievo
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Relievos Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Relievos
Literary usage of Relievos
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. The Monthly Review by Ralph Griffiths (1802)
"... &c. ie The Maske of the Furies, in the Tragedies and on the Gems and relievos of the antient Greeks. An Archaeological Essay...."
2. A Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen by Robert Chambers, Thomas Thomson (1853)
"Many of the first collections in Germany and Russia are enriched by statues, busts, and bas relievos of his discovery. In the collection of the Museo..."
3. A Run Through the United States, During the Autumn of 1840 by Archibald Montgomery Maxwell (1841)
"The Capitol — Its Architecture and Gardens — 111 Treatment of White Marble in America — The Rotunda—Basso-relievos—Captain Smith and the Princess Pocahontas..."
4. Extracts of the Journals and Correspondence of Miss Berry: From the Year by Mary Berry (1865)
"In the morning, the Villa Borghese; the outside covered with ancient basso-relievos and statues in niches, the inside so rich in statues, mosaics, marbles,..."
5. Sketches on a Tour Through the Northern and Eastern States, the Canadas by J. C. Myers (1849)
"... of Columbus—relievos—Hall of Representatives-Senate Chamber-Central dome —President's House—War and Navy departments—State and Treasury departments—Post..."
6. Sand-buried Ruins of Khotan: Personal Narrative of a Journey of by Aurel Stein (1904)
"... had once been decorated, I could not remain in doubt when fragments of flat stucco relievos, which must have originally belonged to plaques of regular..."
7. A New General Biographical Dictionary by Hugh James Rose (1853)
"It weighs 1600 marks ; and the numerous little statues and bas relievos excite admiration, executed as they are with an immensity of minute labour...."
Other Resources Relating to: Relievos

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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is a verb and noun pertaining to distortion and twisting, and to lines and ropes used in the contexts below.
Warp may refer to:
Ships and aircraft
- Wing warping, a manner of controlling the roll of an aeroplane
- Warp drive, the faster-than-light movement in science fiction, as used in Star Trek.
- Warping (sailing), a slow method of moving a boat in still waters or against the wind
- OS/2, where version 3.0 was known as Warp
- WARP (software), a product for IBM mainframes to improve performance from APT International - a former Monaco based company
- Warp (Cypress), a VHDL Cypress development system for CPLD
- WARP (Information Security), from the acronym for Warning, advice and reporting point
- Warp (MT of SM Unit), a Shader Multiprocessor architecture.
- A warp is a Multithreaded SIMT Architecture of the MT (Multithreadead Instruction unit ) that is part of the SM (Shader Multiprocessors) in the GPU design.
- WARP Services / WARP Robotics.com, Working Automated Robotic Products is a automation company that put to motion anything. From wheel chairs to systematizing motion automated guided vehicles, with laser navigation.
Books and comics
- Warp (weaving) the set of lengthwise threads attached to a loom
- Image warping, the process of distorting an image digitally
- Revealed preference, from the acronym for Weak Axiom of Revealed Preferences
- Warp, a brand of energy mints
- WARP, USAID's West African Regional Program
warp : in term of textile warp is the verticle thread in fabric.


Google Research
M3A: Model, MetaModel, and Anomaly Detection in Web Searches
 - Da-Cheng Juan
 - Neil Shah
 - Mingyu Tang
 - Zhiliang Qian
 - Diana Marculescu
 - Christos Faloutsos
arXiv preprint arXiv:1606.05978 (2016)
'Alice' is submitting one web search per five minutes, for three hours in a row−is it normal? How to detect abnormal search behaviors, among Alice and other users? Is there any distinct pattern in Alice's (or other users') search behavior? We studied what is probably the largest, publicly available, query log, containing more than 30 million queries from 0.6 million users. In this paper, we present a novel, user-and group-level framework, M3A: Model, MetaModel and Anomaly detection. For each user, we discover and explain a surprising, bi-modal pattern of the inter-arrival time (IAT) of landed queries (queries with user click-through). Specifically, the model Camel-Log is proposed to describe such an IAT distribution; we then notice the correlations among its parameters at the group level. Thus, we further propose the metamodel Meta-Click, to capture and explain the two-dimensional, heavy-tail distribution of the parameters. Combining Camel-Log and Meta-Click, the proposed M3A has the following strong points: (1) the accurate modeling of marginal IAT distribution, (2) quantitative interpretations, and (3) anomaly detection.
Learn more about how we do research


How to Change a Gateway Battery
By Mark Kennan
Every laptop battery dies eventually, and each laptop brand, including Gateway, has a different way to replace the battery. Gateway has a few quirks to changing the battery, but once you know them, it's relatively simple to change the battery without a hitch.
Things You'll Need
 - Gateway laptopReplacement battery
Changing the Battery on a Gateway Laptop
Step 1
If your Gateway laptop is not plugged in, turn your laptop off. If your Gateway is plugged in, you can change the battery without turning the computer off.
Step 2
Close the Gateway laptop and turn the computer over so you are looking at the bottom.
Step 3
Locate the battery lock and switch it to the unlock position as designated by the open lock.
Step 4
Slide the battery release latch in the direction indicated by the arrow and remove the battery from the battery bay.
Step 5
Insert the new battery into the bay. Once it snaps into place, slide the battery lock switch back to the locked position.
Tips & Warnings
 - Everything should come out and go in smoothly. If it doesn't, don't force it and check to make sure it's lined up correctly.
 - If your laptop is attached to an optical port replicator, detach it before turning the computer over.
References & Resources


Robert J Lee > Net-TCP-PtyServer > Net::TCP::PtyServer
Annotate this POD
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Module Version: 1 Source
Net::TCP::PtyServer - Serves pseudo-terminals. Opens a listening connection on a port, waits for network connections on that port, and serves each one in a seperate PTY.
The actual algorithm is simple, although the implementation looks a bit ickey.
1 Create a listening socket
2 Wait for the next connection on the socket (by calling accept).
3 Fork.
3.1 Parent process closes its copy of the handle (by calling stopio) then goes back to 1.
3.2 In the child process, we create a pseudo-TTY and fork
3.2.1 The child process runs the command by re-opening STDOUT, STDERR and STDIN to the pseudo-TTY's slave terminal and then calling exec; this does not return
This is necessary because the filehandles need to be exactly the same, and we get buffering/crashing issues if we try an open3()
3.2.2 The parent process closes its copy of the pseudo-TTY's slave terminal (using close).
3.2.3 The parent then repeatedly pipes the data between the pseudo-TTY and the networked filehandle until the exec()ed process completes.
3.2.4 The parent process then closes the pseudo-TTY (by implicit destruction) and the networked filehandle (by close), and exits.
Coping with terminal size changes
To set the size of a terminal, you need to call ioctl(), and pass the pseudo-TTY handle, the constant TIOCSWINSZ (defined in termio.h or termios.h - or on my system, defined in the asm includes and imported by one of them), and a winsize{} C-structure.
The TIOCGWINSZ (G instead of S) can also be used to get the size of a terminal. This is used to generate the structure passed to ioctl in the case of the pseudo-TTY running on a real terminal; see this code from IOS::TTY (referenced by IOS::PTY):
 sub clone_winsize_from {
 my ($self, $fh) = _USER_;
 my $winsize = "";
 if not POSIX::isatty($fh);
 and return 1;
 return undef;
The structrure of winsize is defined in termios.h as follows:
 struct winsize {
 unsigned short ws_row;
 unsigned short ws_col;
 unsigned short ws_xpixel;
 unsigned short ws_ypixel;
And the Internet tells me that ws_row is the number of rows, ws_col the number of columns, ws_xpixel the number of horizontal pixels across the terminal, and ws_ypixel the number of vertical pixels across the terminal.
After a little experiementing, this seems to work to create the struct, although it should be noted that this assumes that the struct has the same memory alignment as an array of unsigned shorts:
 my $winsize = pack("S*",$ws_row,$ws_col,$ws_xpixel,$ws_ypixel);
So that's what I'm trying to use (thus saving an XS C function)
The module still has to handle the TELNET protocol properly. In particular, the remapping of IAC and handling of TELNET escapes.
For now, we just send the command to turn off echo and linemode, which otherwise interferes with the UI (we also ignore the response, but this seems to have no ill effects so far).
Control characters (ctrl+q, ctrl+x) are coming in as 0x11 (17) and 0x18 (24); these seem to need translating into \C and the keycode for some reason; the translation is not being picked up through the pseudo-TTY. (For now I'll just use character codes in the code that uses this; they seem simpler to me anyway).
When the TCP connection is dropped, we don't currently SIGHUP. We may be able to do this by close()ing the master terminal, but it's probably better to send an explicit HUP signal as well.
# Don't make zombies when we don't wait for forks (see perlipc): $SIG{CHLD} = 'IGNORE';
Used internally in response to an incoming NAWS command
Takes the terminal as the first argument, followed by the number of rows, then the number of columns. The number of horizontal and vertical pixels can also be specified, but the default is to assume an 8x8 pixel character.
Takes a port number as the first argument, followed by a command and its arguments.
Listens for connections on the given port. exec()s the given command on a pseudo-terminal on the given port in a child process for each connection.
Does not return (but it could die if something really goes wrong)
syntax highlighting:


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- Health Sector
- New Zealand
Counties Manukau in South Auckland is the fastest growing district in New Zealand. It is multi-ethnic, but minorities are severely under-represented in the health workforce.
- to create a seamless school to employment pipeline that supports and develops local talent
- to double the number of Maori and Pasifika people working within the organisation, across all health professions
- to create a workforce that better reflects the diversity of the communities they serve
Counties Manukau Health (CM Health) partnered with local schools, identified by expression of interest, to become Health and Science Academies (HSAs). The HSA program is designed around supporting students to gain direct entry into tertiary level sciences, through extra tuition in science, maths and English, and other activities, including hospital visits, panel sessions with health professionals and academic mentoring.
- CM Health has embarked on a number of equal opportunity initiatives to complement the HSAs.
- All Maori and Pasifika candidates are short-listed for priority workforces.
- A senior Maori or Pasifika representative is always included in interview panels for priority workforces.
- Workforce recruitment targets are set to ensure that the diversity of the workforce reflects the diversity of the local population by 2025.
- Initially three schools were selected to become HSAs.
- Initial funding to implement the HSAs was provided by a partnership with the Tindall foundation, a charitable foundation that operates across New Zealand. In 2016, CM Health agreed to fund the three colleges directly.
- A Grow Our Own Workforce Governance Group meets up to four times a year to provide strategic guidance and monitor the ongoing implementation of the academies.
- An operational leadership group was established between CM Health and the Principals of each of the colleges to improve collaboration and share best practice.
Program design strategies
- The academies support Maori and Pasifika students with an interest in, and aptitude for, careers in health. Selection is made on students evidencing commitment, alongside some academic ability.
- The HSA program is a joint endeavour between families, community and teachers and regular parent information events are held.
- To profile the wide range of possible health careers, CM Health provides events, hospital visits and talks with health professionals. The provision of hands-on experiences of health sector jobs, and opportunities to talk to Maori and Pasifika health professionals, helps to increase student motivation and sense of purpose.
- The HSA program is designed to support students to gain direct entry into tertiary level sciences. Compared to mainstream students in Year 11, who have five lessons of science in a six-day timetable, students in the HSAs have ten lessons.
- The program is recognised as a long-term strategy. Once the students transition into tertiary study, depending on their area of studies, they won't be ready for employment for a minimum of three years after that.
- Above-average school attendance rates are being maintained by Academy students.
- One of the students in the first cohort was inspired to study nursing and is now employed in CM Health. She is the first in her family to be university educated, and her story has been featured on local news networks in Auckland.
- The Pasifika workforce has increased from 9% to 11% since 2010.
- The Maori workforce has increased from 5% to 8% since 2010.
- It is essential to involve Maori and Pasifika leadership when designing and implementing Maori and Pasifika health workforce development programs.
- Ensure a clear vision and purpose.
- Ensure joint strategic and operational planning at the right level with a well-structured workforce plan.
- Occasionally family-support can turn into family-pressure when students are expected to pursue a career to which they do not have initial inclination.
- The innovations being generated by the Academies draw strongly on the advantages of being a small and focused learning community within the school.
- Students need to be able to see a workplace, and be able to actively imagine themselves doing the role.
- Without surrounding attention and encouragement from families and teachers, books and resources are not helpful on their own.
- have local schools with the capability and capacity to offer health science subject education?
- have access to transport for students?
- have culturally-appropriate and safe mentoring and tuition?
- have organisational understanding of and support for the importance of a culturally diverse workforce?
- have Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) programs that support nondiscriminatory employment practices?
- meet the specific cohort's training needs?
- champion and facilitate the program?
- provide culturally-appropriate and safe development opportunities and methods?
- offer extra tuition and mentoring?
CONSIDERATIONS FOR PROGRAM SCALING
- have realistic job opportunities and student numbers required to meet this?
- have the required financial and personnel resources?
- have sufficient interested student numbers?
- have host organisations, teachers and trainers who are supportive of diversity and can provide culturally-appropriate and safe environments?
- have sufficient placement and development opportunities?
- you don't have an organisational culture and practices that support diversity?
- the newly-qualified workforce seeks opportunities elsewhere (out of region or even country)?
- you aren't prepared for the length of time required to develop trainees to competence and fill roles?
- there are changes to funding or policy priorities?


text:
Surf Guides - Seasonal - World Surf League - Contract
Hospitality & Tourism
We are currently seeking Seasonal Surf Guides to work at our Leemore, CA, Surf Ranch location during the 2019 Season, April through to October, 2019.
Surf Guides play an integral role in guest safety and guest experience both in and out of the water at Surf Ranch. Under the direct supervision of the Surf Ranch Client Service Manager, Surf Guides perform various duties at the Surf Ranch facility. This includes, but is not limited to, facilitating guest surfing, enforcing rules, and providing quality guest service. The Surf Guide will work directly with guests to provide them with the best possible surfing experience during their time at Surf Ranch. The Surf Guide must have a thorough understanding of all 'wave system' operations including a working knowledge of the Surf Ranch Wave, as well as lifeguard duties as they pertain to emergency communication and response.
Responsibilities include (but not limited to):
- Instruct, advise, and assist guests with all surfing operations.
- Ensure the health, safety, and welfare of visitors.
- Maintain all surfing equipment such as boards, fins, leashes etc.
- Assist lifeguards in emergency medical aid and water response.
- Maintain training requirements.
- Provide clean locker room, including guest names on lockers.
- Maintain cleanliness and general upkeep of Surf Ranch facilities including the board room.
- Ensure all activities & operations are conducted in accordance with established procedures & policies.
- Enforce rules, safety regulations, and general facility rules.
- Provide in water surf coaching in a manner consistent with the company's surf coach program.
- Provide video analysis and coaching during feedback sessions following surfing activities in a manner consistent with the company's coaching program.
- Understand the 'Surf Ranch Water Safety & Rescue Operations'.
- Understand the 'Surf Ranch Wave System Theory of Operations'
- Knowledge of surf instruction that can be applied to all skill levels, fully incorporating the company's surf guide training program
- Strong communication skills to communicate to staff during emergency response via hand signals and other communication protocols
- 10+ years of surfing experience
- Surf Ranch specific water safety training
- CPR/AED & First Aid Certified preferred
- Previous surf lesson experience preferred
- Excited and enthusiastic outlook on work as it pertains to guests and Surf Ranch
- Optimism and energy for the brand and its future
- An open and collaborative nature
- A high degree of self-awareness of one's own personal style, strengths and weaknesses and motivational triggers.
- Integrity and honesty
- Physically able to swim, swim in rough and deep water, walk, run, walk or run over rough or uneven surfaces, bend, stoop, lift, push, pull, and carry loads.
- Must be able to swim at least 550 yards, dive at least 10 feet deep, swim with a 10 pound object for at least 20 yards, and tread water for at least 2 minutes.
- Must be able to watch and supervise groups of students in the ocean and/or bay while coaching technique and supervising safety.
- Must be able to recognize and respond to emergencies and prevent injuries or drowning.


text:
Mathematical Model to Determine the Concentration of Fly-Ash at Sony Sugar Company in Kenya
Marango, Moses Ochieng'
MetadataShow full item record
Mathematical modeling continues to attract attention of applied math- ematicians, physicists, engineers, biologists, research institutions and oth- ers. This study focuses on air pollution concentration: a case study of y-ash at Sony-Sugar Company, Kenya. Major sources of pollutants in- clude industrial e uent, agricultural chemicals and tra c vehicle exhaust. Air pollutants are dispersed by wind into the atmosphere and within an enclosure. At Sony Sugar factory, air pollution is mainly contributed by y-ash from unburnt bagasse due to insu cient combustion. This has had a major negative impact on the surrounding, for instance, on vegeta- tion and public health. The objective of this study was to determine the concentration of y-ash within the boiler chimney at Sony-Sugar factory. We used a numerical analysis approach that involves two-dimensional nite element to determine the concentration of the pollutant.We as- sumed the cross-section of the chimney is polygonal in shape, which was discretized into small triangular elements. The results obtained may be useful to engineers, environmentalists, agricultural and industrial sectors, and research institutions in the assessment, analysis and prediction of temperature distribution and variation of pressure that can minimize the pollutant concentration and volume.


text:
- Which is the tallest mammal on the earth?
- What is the smartest animal on the world?
- Are giraffes friendly?
- Is 6ft tall in Japan?
- What animals are taller than humans?
- Can humans be 10 feet tall?
- What animal is taller than an elephant?
- How tall is an adult giraffe?
- Which is smallest animal in the world?
- Is there anyone 8 feet tall?
- How tall can a human get?
- Are giraffes taller than elephants?
- What is the biggest land mammal ever?
- Are humans tall animals?
Which is the tallest mammal on the earth?
giraffesReaching heights between 14 and 19 feet, giraffes are the tallest mammals walking the earth, which is a great advantage considering that their favorite food grows in treetops..
What is the smartest animal on the world?
The Smartest Animals In The WorldChimpanzees are better than humans in some memory tasks.Goats have excellent long-term memory.Elephants can work together.Parrots can reproduce sounds of the human language.Dolphins can recognize themselves in the mirror.New Caledonian crows understand cause-and-effect relationships.Scrub jays plan for the future.More items…•
Are giraffes friendly?
Humans and giraffes have a different type of relationship than that of many other animals. Giraffes have never served a significant purpose for people, yet they haven't been seen as a threat either. … They love the gentleness as well as the fact that they are so different from other animals out there.
Is 6ft tall in Japan?
The average male in Japan is about 172 cm or 5′ 7″ tall. Females are about 4–6 inches shorter, depending on diet and so forth. The average male in Japan is about 172 cm or 5′ 7″ tall. Females are about 4–6 inches shorter, depending on diet and so forth.
What animals are taller than humans?
Bison are roughly the height of tall humans. Rounding out the list of tallest land mammals is the American bison (Bison bison). On all fours males of this brown, shaggy-haired species stand between 5 feet, 6 inches and 6 feet, 1 inch at the shoulders.
Can humans be 10 feet tall?
But despite these drastic variations, humans pretty much fall within a normal height range: In the United States, healthy men are, on average, 5 feet and 9 inches tall while women are typically 5 feet and 4 inches. …
What animal is taller than an elephant?
Giraffes, however, are the tallest land animal on Earth. They're about 13–18 feet tall on average. They can be up to 20 feet tall, which makes them taller than even the likes of spinosaurus. An elephant.
How tall is an adult giraffe?
Northern giraffe: 4.6 – 6.1 mGiraffe/Height
Which is smallest animal in the world?
The Kitti's hog-nosed bat is the world's smallest mammal at 1.1 inches. Averaging between 1.1-1.3 inches (2.8-3.3 centimeters) with head and body combined, the Kitti's hog-nosed bat, or Craseonycteris thonglongyai, is the world's smallest mammal.
Is there anyone 8 feet tall?
Topping our list is Robert Wadlow, "The Giant of Illinois." Having reached a height of 8 ft 11 in, Wadlow is the tallest confirmed person to have ever lived. Born in Alton, Illinois in 1918, he suffered from hypertrophy of the pituitary gland, causing him to produce massive amounts of human growth hormone.
How tall can a human get?
Male: 1.8 mFemale: 1.6 mHuman/Height
Are giraffes taller than elephants?
Despite gravity's pull keeping everything down, some creatures do seem to win the fight against gravity and grow to extraordinary heights. Elephants, for example, can come close to the height of giraffes, the tallest animals on Earth.
What is the biggest land mammal ever?
African bush elephantThe largest land mammal extant today is the African bush elephant. The largest extinct land mammal known was long considered to be Paraceratherium orgosensis, a rhinoceros relative thought to have stood up to 4.8 m (15.7 ft) tall, measured over 7.4 m (24.3 ft) long and may have weighed about 17 tonnes.
Are humans tall animals?
Male: 1.8 mFemale: 1.6 mHuman/Height


ArcGIS Pro 3.3 API Reference Guide
ArcGIS.Core.Geometry Namespace / GeometryEngine Class / Relate Method
The first geometry in the relation.
The second geometry in the relation.
The DE-9IM matrix relation encoded as a string.
Example
In This Topic
 Relate Method (GeometryEngine)
 In This Topic
 Performs custom relational operations between two geometries using a Dimensionally Extended Nine-Intersection Model, DE-9IM, formatted string.
 Syntax
 Public Function Relate( _
 ByVal geometry1 As Geometry, _
 ByVal geometry2 As Geometry, _
 ByVal relateString As String _
 ) As Boolean
 Parameters
 geometry1
 The first geometry in the relation.
 geometry2
 The second geometry in the relation.
 relateString
 The DE-9IM matrix relation encoded as a string.
 Return Value
 Returns true if the relation holds, false otherwise.
 Exceptions
 ExceptionDescription
 Either geometry1 or geometry2 or both are null.
 The method is not implemented for GeometryBag or Multipatch.
 Incompatible spatial references between the input geometries.
 Invalid relate string; the string is null.
 Spatial reference of geometry1or geometry2is an image coordinate system.
 Remarks
 The DE-9IM is a standard used to describe spatial relationships between two geometries and can be referenced at _URL_
 Examples of how to use the Relate method can be found here. All of the predefined relational operations can be defined (including Intersect, Within, Contains, Crosses, Disjoint, Overlaps, Equals and Touches).
 Example
 Determine relationship between two geometries
 // set up some geometries

 // points
 MapPoint point0 = MapPointBuilderEx.CreateMapPoint(0, 0, SpatialReferences.WGS84);
 MapPoint point1 = MapPointBuilderEx.CreateMapPoint(1, 1, SpatialReferences.WGS84);
 MapPoint point2 = MapPointBuilderEx.CreateMapPoint(-5, 5, SpatialReferences.WGS84);

 // multipoint
 List<MapPoint> points = new List<MapPoint>() { point0, point1, point2 };
 Multipoint multipoint = MultipointBuilderEx.CreateMultipoint(points, SpatialReferences.WGS84);

 // polygon
 List<Coordinate2D> polygonCoords = new List<Coordinate2D>()
 {
 new Coordinate2D(-10, 0),
 new Coordinate2D(0, 10),
 new Coordinate2D(10, 0),
 new Coordinate2D(-10, 0)
 };
 Polygon polygon = PolygonBuilderEx.CreatePolygon(polygonCoords, SpatialReferences.WGS84);

 // polylines
 Polyline polyline1 = PolylineBuilderEx.CreatePolyline(LineBuilderEx.CreateLineSegment(new Coordinate2D(-9.1, 0.1), new Coordinate2D(0, 9)), SpatialReferences.WGS84);
 Polyline polyline2 = PolylineBuilderEx.CreatePolyline(LineBuilderEx.CreateLineSegment(new Coordinate2D(-5, 5), new Coordinate2D(0, 5)), SpatialReferences.WGS84);
 Polyline polyline3 = PolylineBuilderEx.CreatePolyline(LineBuilderEx.CreateLineSegment(new Coordinate2D(2.09, -2.04), new Coordinate2D(5, 10)), SpatialReferences.WGS84);
 Polyline polyline4 = PolylineBuilderEx.CreatePolyline(LineBuilderEx.CreateLineSegment(new Coordinate2D(10, -5), new Coordinate2D(10, 5)), SpatialReferences.WGS84);

 List<Segment> segments = new List<Segment>()
 {
 LineBuilderEx.CreateLineSegment(new Coordinate2D(5.05, -2.87), new Coordinate2D(6.35, 1.57)),
 LineBuilderEx.CreateLineSegment(new Coordinate2D(6.35, 1.57), new Coordinate2D(4.13, 2.59)),
 LineBuilderEx.CreateLineSegment(new Coordinate2D(4.13, 2.59), new Coordinate2D(5, 5))
 };
 Polyline polyline5 = PolylineBuilderEx.CreatePolyline(segments, SpatialReferences.WGS84);

 segments.Add(LineBuilderEx.CreateLineSegment(new Coordinate2D(5, 5), new Coordinate2D(10, 10)));

 Polyline polyline6 = PolylineBuilderEx.CreatePolyline(segments, SpatialReferences.WGS84);
 Polyline polyline7 = PolylineBuilderEx.CreatePolyline(polyline5);
 Polyline polyline8 = PolylineBuilderEx.CreatePolyline(LineBuilderEx.CreateLineSegment(new Coordinate2D(5, 5), new Coordinate2D(10, 10)), SpatialReferences.WGS84);

 segments.Clear();
 segments.Add(LineBuilderEx.CreateLineSegment(new Coordinate2D(0.6, 3.5), new Coordinate2D(0.7, 7)));
 segments.Add(LineBuilderEx.CreateLineSegment(new Coordinate2D(0.7, 7), new Coordinate2D(3, 9)));

 Polyline polyline9 = PolylineBuilderEx.CreatePolyline(segments, SpatialReferences.WGS84);

 // now do the Related tests

 // Interior/Interior Intersects
 string scl = "T********";
 bool related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(polygon, polyline1, scl); // related = true
 related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(point0, point1, scl); // related = false
 related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(point0, multipoint, scl); // related = true
 related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(multipoint, polygon, scl); // related = true
 related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(multipoint, polyline1, scl); // related = false
 related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(polyline2, point2, scl); // related = false
 related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(point1, polygon, scl); // related = true

 // Interior/Boundary Intersects
 scl = "*T*******";
 related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(polygon, polyline2, scl); // related = true
 related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(polygon, polyline3, scl); // related = false
 related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(point1, polygon, scl); // related = false

 // Boundary/Boundary Interior intersects
 scl = "***T*****";
 related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(polygon, polyline4, scl); // related = true

 // Overlaps Dim1
 scl = "1*T***T**";
 related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(polygon, polyline5, scl); // related = true

 // Crosses Area/Line (LineB crosses PolygonA)
 scl = "1020F1102";
 related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(polygon, polyline6, scl); // related = false
 related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(polygon, polyline9, scl); // related = true

 // Boundary/Boundary Touches
 scl = "F***T****";
 related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(polygon, polyline7, scl); // related = false
 related = GeometryEngine.Instance.Relate(polygon, polyline8, scl); // related = true

 Requirements
 Target Platforms: Windows 11, Windows 10
 ArcGIS Pro version: 3 or higher.
 See Also


text:
HURON — Third grade students from Madison 2-3 Center, Holy Trinity School, and James Valley Christian School were treated to the experiences of farm life on Tuesday at the farm of Marc and Paula Kleinsasser north of Huron.
More than 240 students visited the farm, with many of them learning about the farm and having hands-on farm experience for the first time in their lives.
The day was sponsored by the Huron Chamber & Visitors Bureau's Ag Committee.
Students enjoyed holding and petting baby chicks, exclaiming how "fluffy" they were.
Students reach toward a Holstein cow.
One chicken was confused by all the guests and was wandering the farm throughout the day.
While some students were hesitant to touch them, one student reached in to pet the baby piglets.
For many students, the highlight of the day was being able to climb atop a real, live horse.
Area FFA students assisted the students onto the horses and guided them to gently pet the animals.
Evelyn Wollman and Rose Schwartz told students about their experiences teaching at a country school as students sat in the one-room schoolhouse located in the farm yard.
Students learn about the feed given to pigs and chickens on the farm.
The students learn how a corn planter works, from how the seed enters the ground to how fertilizer is added to the soil.
All of the students enjoyed rides in the horse-drawn wagons.


text:
The project TCC addresses urban redensification using modular timber concrete composite systems.
The central themes of the holz.bau forschungs gmbh are:
- to secure and extend the status of timber in the building and construction sector.
- to act as a link between basic research and education at university level and to enable a stimulating, implementation-oriented timber industry.
- to offer on one hand short term and result-oriented research services, and on the other to work on medium and long term oriented research tasks.
- to deal with the related questions in the fields of wood and building technology.
- to create, process and offer a targeted knowledge transfer to achieve the highest potential of its implementation.


text:
Is the word screw came from the study on duck sex? Read this article from Discover Magazine.
"In brief, Brennan wanted to understand why some ducks have such extravagant penises. Why are they cork-screw shaped? Why do they get so ridiculously long–some cases as long as the duck's entire body? As Brennan dissected duck penises, she began to wonder what the female sexual anatomy looked like. If you have a car like this, she said, what kind of garage do you park it in?
Brennan discovered that female ducks have equally weird reproductive tracts (called oviducts). In many species, they are ornamented with lots of outpockets. And like duck penises, duck oviducts are corkscrew-shaped. But while male duck penises twist clockwise, the female oviduct twists counterclockwise.
Brennan speculated that all this bizarre anatomy is the result of a peculiar form of evolution known as sexual conflict. A strategy that allows females to reproduce the most offspring may not be so good for males, and vice versa. For example, male fruit flies inject their mates with lots of chemicals during sex, and those chemicals make her less receptive to other males, thereby boosting his chances of fathering her eggs. But those chemicals are harsh and will make female flies sick. Females, in turn, have evolved defenses against those chemicals, blunting their effects."


((int)ch)); char
java - Java Beginners
java i am unable to read unicode characters from the html file,can u give the sample code how to read the unicode characters from the html file
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Character Wrapper Class. what are Mirrored Unicode Characters.....!! Unicode is capable of representing many languages, including those.... There are special characters in UNICODE to achieve the RTL. Such character is the Mirroring
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Generating pdf in Spring
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jav i need to search word from a unicode txt file using java netbeans can someone help me with some code
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DMCA.com


text:
Allgaeu Alps near OberstdorfSatellite View
Altmuehlsee and BrombachseeSatellite View
Danube between Regensburg and DeggendorfWebsite
An important rest area for migrants. In spite of the extensive manmade changes to the Rhine bed in this area it is still very good for birding. For observation of the long stretch of dyke a bicycle is recommended but selected points can be covered in a day tour by car. In addition to a great variety of species and rarities on migration, breeding birds include Water Rail, Bluethroat, River Warbler, Penduline Tit, Golden Oriole, Collared Flycatcher and in recent years also Night Heron, Great Egret and Black-winged Stilt.
Echinger and Moosburger reservoirsInformation
These reservoirs on the central stretch of the River Isar between Moosburg and Landshut, with 250 recorded species, offer a broad spectrum of wader, duck, rail and other water bird species in the course of a few hours during spring (April-June) and autumn (August-November) migration. Large numbers of ducks in winter.
Garmisch-Partenkirchen and surroundingsWebsite
Ismaninger Reservoir is close to the Munich conurbation and is primarily a good birding area for water birds. It is worthwhile for a couple of comfortable hours birding in winter.
The Mohrhofweiher area is part of an extensive fishpond complex. When they are drained in autumn they are good feeding grounds for migrants. Over 250 species have been recorded, speciality breeding birds being Black-necked, Grebe, Little Bittern and Bluethroat.
Murnauer MoosSatellite View
This area is well known as the best site for Corncrake and Common Rosefinch. Covering some 4,200 hectares it is one of the largest intact bog areas in Central Europe and an important area for ground breeders in Bavaria. The area, with its characteristic meadows and the magnificent Alps as backdrop, is best explored for a whole or half a day on foot or bicycle on the well-maintained tracks. Best from mid-May to mid-June for the interesting breeding birds of the region.
National Park Berchtesgaden and its foothillsInformation
The Lower InnInformation
Christoph Moning & Christian Wagner
Birdwatching in Southern Germany - The best birdwatching areas between the River Mosel and Mt. Watzmannby Christoph Moning & Christian Wagner V?gel beobachten in S?ddeutschland Die besten Beobachtungsgebiete zwischen Mosel und Watzmann Kosmos, Stuttgart 2005 - 200 colour photos and distribution maps, 288 pages - Price: ?19.95 (In German). 74 birding sites with lists of ?interesting species? and precise travel directions
Buy this book from NHBS.com
Nutcracker Nucifraga caryocatactes
Federation of German Avifaunists (Dachverband Deutscher Avifaunisten e.V. - DDA)Website
The Dachverband Deutscher Avifaunisten e.V. (DDA) is an umbrella organisation for all German avifaunists. The website contains a wealth of information about the DDA and its monitoring programmes. Here you will find advice and information on bird registration and recording projects, some initial results and completed publications, details of competent local contacts or up to date avifaunistic information and schedules.
(translation by David Conlin _EMAIL_)
Kempten [Bavaria] - LBV- Kreisgruppe Kempten-OberallgäuWebsite
A local group of the Bavarian Bird protection Society.
Landesbund fuer Vogelschutz in Bayern e.V. (LBV)Website
Society for species and habitat protection in the province of Bavaria. Takes the place of NABU in the province (The Bavarians always do their own thing). Their emblem is the Kingfisher instead of the White Stork...
Altmuehlsee Nature Reserve (Naturschutzzentrum Altmuehlsee)Satellite View
The first man-made dam in the Middle Franconian lake district. Flooded in 1985. The Middle Franconian lake district is a major project by the province of Bavaria; primarily to provide water resources but which, through the provision of recreational facilities, has developed into an important tourist resource.
The Rhoen Biosphere ReserveWebsite
2004 [August] - Míchéal Cowming - Garmisch-PartenkirchenReport
Upon leaving Augsburg, our first port of call was to be the Falkenwand or Falcon Wall which is located between Oberammergau and Ettal a few miles north of Garmisch. Upon doing a bit of research, I found that this place was known to harbour Wallcreepers, Crag Martins and of course Peregrine Falcons...
Bird Artist - Paschalis DougalisGallery
...animal-bird artist living in Munich, Germany...
Digital Photography in BavariaGallery
An offshoot of the popular and informative Bavarian Birds site, Stefan Tewinkel has published a new page to illustrate the magnification possible with a digital camera in combination with binoculars or scope - the increasingly popular art of digiscoping...
Translation of Bird NamesGallery
On this site you can find recent reports of Bavarian birds and other topics - full, informative and colourful. And with links to other local and German sites - information in English
back to the top of this page
This site was last updated on Wednesday, 5th March 2014.
|Feedback/Contact/Advertising Info ::|


text:
Signature authentication has had a great attention in the field of biometrics since it is a traditional method to personal verification. Most of the work available in the literature use kinetic (e.g. axial and normal forces), kinematic (e.g., position, velocity, acceleration, inclination angle) and spatiotemporal features (e.g., stroke durations, stroke length, in-air time) for the
signature authentication and have ignored the writer's biomechanics. Therefore, this project studies the grip patterns that people use when writing in order to use these features to identify a person's identity. We are proposing to use the biomechanics of handwriting for signature authentication by using a special instrumented pen while writing the signature on a digitizing tablet. This pen measures how hard you press on the page. It also measures how you hold the pen. This information will help us to describe the uniqueness of each person's writing pattern and be able to identify an authentic signature from a forged signature. This research which is funded by NSERC and Syngrafii Corp. could lead to the development of a new device that will recognize signatures. Many industries (e.g. government, banks, retail and hospitals) can benefit from this device as a new anti-fraud tool that can improve security and privacy.
This project will answer the following questions:
- What are the intra-individual variability of grip forces while writing a signature between different days and different times within the same day?
- What are the features that can be used to discriminate between forged and authentic signatures based on the collected grip force data?
- How does the grip force parameters, velocity, fluency and in-air time change with age, gender and handedness?
Progress and Future Plans
A massive amount of genuine and forged signatures is being collected using a digitizing tablet and an instrumented writing utensil that measures the individual dynamic grip forces while writing. Adults of 18 years or older with no history of musculoskeletal injuries or neurological impairments are participating to make this data base. 500 genuine signatures are being collected from 5 participants in the Prism Lab and 6000 forged signatures will be collected from 300 adults visiting the Ontario Science Center.
Once the data is available, pre-processing techniques will be needed to prepare the data for analysis. Few analysis techniques will be performed including topographical analysis in order to find the grip force features that best discriminate between the authentic and forged signatures. These features can then be combined with other kinematic and spatiotemporal features to improve the verification results.
Ervin Sejdić, Ph.D.
Evdokia Anagnostou, M.D.


Wiccan Rede
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - View original article
Jump to: navigation, search
The word "Rede" derives from Middle English, meaning "advice" or "counsel" and being closely related to the German Rat or Norwegian råd. "An" is an archaic Middle English conjunction, meaning "if." "Ye" is an archaic or dialectal form of "you" (nominative plural).
Other variants of the Rede include:
In its best known form as the "eight words" couplet, the Rede was first publicly recorded in a 1964 speech by Doreen Valiente.[1]
King Pausole, a character in Pierre Louÿs' Les aventures du roi Pausole (The Adventures of King Pausole, published in 1901), issued a similar pair of edicts: I. — Ne nuis pas à ton voisin. II. — Ceci bien compris, fais ce qu'il te plaît. ("Do not harm your neighbor; this being well understood, do that which pleases you.") Although Gardner noted the similarity of the rede to King Pausole's words, Silver Ravenwolf believes it is more directly referencing Crowley.[3] Another notable antecedent was put forth by the philosopher John Stuart Mill with his harm principle in the 19th century.[4] "Mill argues that the sole purpose of law should be to stop people from harming others and that should people want to participate in victimless crimes, crimes with no complaining witness, such as gambling, drug usage, engaging in prostitution, then they should not be encroached in doing so."[citation needed]
The Long Rede[edit]
Dating the Rede[edit]
Thompson's attribution of the Long Rede to her grandmother has been disputed, since Adriana Porter died in 1946, well before Gerald Gardner published The Old Laws, and no evidence for Porter's authorship exists other than Thompson's word. The poem refers to Wiccan concepts that, though ostensibly very old, have not been proven to pre-date the 1940s. Its attribution to Porter may have formed part of Thompson's claim to be an hereditary witch. Its precise origin has yet to be determined.[7]
Adrian Bott, in an article written in White Dragon magazine, 2003, argues that the Long Rede's creation can be placed somewhere between 1964 and 1975. Bott bases his argument on the alleged misuse of archaic English in the poem, in particular of " an' " as an abbreviation of "and", and of "ye" instead of "the". Bott states that the author of the poem was evidently unaware that this contraction of "and" is not an archaic, but a modern convention. According to Bott, in the "eight words" couplet originally cited by Valiente, "an" is used correctly, in the Middle English sense of " 'in the event that', or simply 'if' " (as in the Shakespearean "an hadst thou not come to my bed") and thus has no apostrophe. In the poem, this has been transformed into an abbreviated "and" and given an apostrophe, with every "and" in the poem's additional lines then being written " an' " as if to match. Accordingly, Bott concludes that the poem was an attempt to expand Valiente's couplet into a full Wiccan credo, written by someone who misunderstood the archaic language they attempted to imitate.[8] Robert Mathiesen repeats Bott's objection to "ye", but argues that most other archaisms are used correctly. However, he states that they all derive from late 19th century revivalist usages.[9] Based on this fact Mathiesen concludes that early twentieth century authorship of at least part of the poem is probable. He argues that its references to English folklore are consistent with Porter's family history. His provisional conclusion is that a folkloric form of the poem may have been written by Porter, but that it was supplemented and altered by Thompson to add specifically Wiccan material. Mathiessen also takes the view that the last line was probably a Thompson addition derived from Valiente. According to this account, the 1974 variant of the text, which was published by one of Thompson's former initiates, may represent one of the earlier drafts. Its publication prompted Thompson to publish what she – falsely, according to Mathiessen – claimed was Porter's "original" poem.
Interpretations of the Rede[edit]
The Rede is similar to a consequentialist formulation of the Golden Rule,[10] a belief that is found in nearly every religion. Not all traditional Wiccans follow the Rede; some Gardnerians (a sect under Wicca) espouse the Charge of the Goddess as a guide for morality. Its line "Keep pure your highest ideal, strive ever towards it; let naught stop you or turn you aside, for mine is the secret door which opens upon the door of youth" is used as a maxim for ethical dilemmas.[11]
There is some debate in the neo-Pagan and Wiccan communities as to the meaning of the Rede. The debate centres on the concept of the Rede being advice, not a commandment. The rejection of specific exhortations and prohibitions of conduct such as those given in the Judeo-Christian Ten Commandments and emphasis on the consequences of one's actions makes the Rede's character somewhat different from major religious texts such as the Bible or the Qur'an. The Rede is only a guideline which the individual must interpret to fit each particular situation and unlike most religions, which actions "do harm" (and which do not) are not discussed in the Rede. What exactly does and does not do harm is therefore open to personal interpretation.
Interpretations of "harm none"[edit]
See also[edit]
 1. ^ John J. Coughlin (2 February 2002). "The Wiccan Rede: A Historical Journey – Part 3: Eight Words...". Retrieved 9 April 2010.
 2. ^ Robinson, B.A. "The Wiccan Rule of Behavior: The Wiccan Rede. Origin of the Wiccan Rede: Updated: 27 September 2007. Available Online at: Religioustolerance.org, Visited 28 December 2007.
 3. ^ RavenWolf, Silver. "Solitary Witch: The Ultimate Book of Shadows for the New Generation." Llewellyn Worldwide, 2003.
 4. ^ Mill, John Stuart. "On Liberty". 1859. Online copy available at Utilitarianism.com.
 6. ^ Excerpt from Interview with Don Frew, Modern Pagans magazine.
 7. ^ "The Wiccan Rede: A Historical Journey – Part 3: Eight Words".
 8. ^ Adrian Bott, 2003. "The Wiccan Rede" in White Dragon magazine, Lughnasadh 2003
 9. ^ Robert Mathiesen and Theitic, The Rede of the Wiccae: Adriana Porter, Gwen Thompson and the Birth of a Tradition of Witchcraft, Olympian press, Rhode Island, 2005, pp.68–70.
 10. ^ Madsen, Grimassi, Starhawk, Kirsten, Raven (2005). Exploring The Pagan Path: Wisdom From The Elders. Carrier Press. ISBN _PHONE_.
 11. ^ Valiente, Doreen. c.1953. Available Online at Ceisiwrserith.com. Accessed 28 December 2007.
 12. ^ Ventimiglia, Mark. Harm None. "The Wiccan Rede: Couplets of the Laws, Teachings, and Enchantments." Citadel Press: Kensington, 2003. 186-87.
 13. ^ a b Piper, David. "Wiccan Ethics and the Wiccan Rede."
External links[edit]


text:
Log Boat is an uncommon type of boat that is made with a unique part of hollowed wood, Called "Monoxylon" is the oldest type of boat than have been found by the archeologist, these boats are similar in many countries, but the denomination is very different for example in Germany is called "einbaum" and in South America are called Canoas.
Its construction considers several basic steps:
The uses that people gave to this boat were very diverse, for example:
In South Africa: In Africa was there was many types of fishing boats, Log-Boat were very common in Limpopo River, and many rivers. Log Boat in South Africa used to be used for transport, fishing and hunting.
In Europe: If we talk about Log Boat in Europe we will find a big history around these boats. For example Byzantine Empire has used this boat to attack Constantinople, and many people gave different uses such as transport, fishing and hunting.
In North America: In North America these boats were famous, with different uses. These boats were used for ceremonial purposes.


text:
calcRDI - Calculate repertoire distances
Calculate repertoire distances from a matrix of vdjCounts
calcRDI(vdjCounts, distMethod = c("euclidean", "cor"), subsample = TRUE, nIter = 100, constScale = TRUE, units = c("lfc", "pct"),...)
- a matrix of repertoire counts, as created by calcVDJCounts
- one of c("euclidean","cor") determining how to calculate the distance from the matrix of vdj counts. See Details.
- logical; if true, all repertoires are subsampled to be equal size.
- value defining how many times the subsampling should be repeated. Only used if subsample is TRUE.
- logical; if
TRUE, vdjCounts will be scaled such that the sum of each column will be equal to 500 counts (an arbitrary constant). Otherwise, the columns will be scaled to the average count of all the columns.
- One of "lfc" or "pct". This determines the method used for transforming the repertoire counts. See Details.
- additional parameters; these are ignored by this function.
A dissimilarity structure containing distances between repertoires, averaged across each subsampe run. In addition to the standard attributes in a dist object, three additional attributes are defined as follows:
|integers, the number of genes in each column of "genes" that were included in at least one repertoire.|
| integer, the number of sequences used after subsampling
the repertoires. If
There are two options for distance methods, "euclidean" and "cor". Euclidean refers to
standard euclidean distance, and is the standard for the RDI measure described in
(Bolen et al. Bioinformatics 2016). In contrast, cor refers to a correlation-based
distance metric, where the distance is defined as
(1-correlation) between each
column of vdjCounts.
units parameter is used to determine the transformation function for the
repertoire counts. If
units='lfc' (default), then the arcsinh transformation
is applied to the count matrix, resulting in a distance metric which
will scale with the average log fold change of each gene. In contrast,
units='pct' will result in no transformation of the count matrix, and distances
will be proportional to the average percent change of each gene, instead. Note that
"units" is a bit of a misnomer, as the distance metric doesn't actually represent the
true log-fold or percent change in the repertoires. In order to actually estimate
these parameters, refer to the rdiModel and convertRDI
_TAG_ genes genes = sample(letters, 10000, replace=TRUE) _TAG_ sequence annotations seqAnnot = data.frame(donor = sample(1:4, 10000, replace=TRUE), cellType = sample(c("B","T"), 10000, replace=TRUE) ) ##generate repertoire counts cts = calcVDJcounts(genes,seqAnnot) ##calculate RDI d = calcRDI(cts) ##calculate RDI in percent space d_pct = calcRDI(cts,units="pct") ##convert RDI to actual 'lfc' estimates and compare dtrue = convertRDI(d)$pred plot(d, dtrue)


text:
Prevalence and Impact of Late Defecation in the Critically Ill, Thermally Injured Adult Patient
ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
Pagination or Media Count:
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of late defecation absence of laxation for more than 6 days after admission as an indicator of lower-gastrointestinal GI tract dysfunction in burn patients. In addition, the authors wanted to determine whether the addition of polyethylene glycol 3350 to the standard bowel regimen led to improvement in markers of lower-GI function and outcomes. The authors conducted a retrospective chart review of patients admitted to the burn intensive care unit during a 26-month period. Inclusion criteria were 20 or more TBSA burn, requirement for mechanical ventilation, and age over 18 years. Of 83 patients included, the prevalence of late defecation was 36.1 n 30. There was no association between late defecation and mortality. Patients with late defecation had more frequent episodes of constipation after first defecation P.03, of feeding intolerance P.007, and received total parenteral nutrition more frequently P.005. The addition of polyethylene glycol to the standard bowel regimen did not affect markers of lower-GI function. Late defecation occurs in more than one third of critically ill burn patients. Late defecation was associated with ongoing lower-GI dysfunction, feeding intolerance, and the use of total parenteral nutrition. The causal relationship between these problems has not been determined. A prospective study at the authors institution is currently planned to attempt to validate late defecation as a marker of lower-GI tract dysfunction, determine its relationship to various outcomes, and determine risk factors for its development.
- Anatomy and Physiology
- Medicine and Medical Research
- Organic Chemistry