Understanding file names that look like duplicates
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On Macs, you may see files, especially downloaded files, that end in (1) or (2) before the file extension. For example, a downloaded attachment named "attachment (1).pdf"; this post is to help you understand what the number means.
A little background
I have a family member who is self-proclaimed as NOT techy. She uses a Mac for her schoolwork; at semester end, she was trying to clean up her files. Her goal was to delete duplicate files she had inadvertently downloaded more than once during the semester.
She spent quite a long time self-sufficiently Googling her questions for the best way to do this. Finally, she couldn't find the answer she was seeking, so she called me, and I helped her through the process. The result is this post that I'm hoping might help someone else in this exact situation.
What's with parenthesis and numbers, such as file(1).docx in a file name?
The issue: she got confused by the default naming conventions automatically added to duplicated downloaded files on her Mac.
For instance, the first time she downloaded a file called attachment.pdf, it displayed in her Downloads folder or Desktop as attachment.pdf. However, the second time she downloads that file, it shows as attachment (1).pdf, and the third time the same file is downloaded, it displays as attachment (2).pdf, and the fourth time its attachment (3).pdf. This naming convention is automatic.
Duplicate files on macs display with numbers in parenthesis
In many cases, during the semester, she was able to notice duplicate files and trash them appropriately. For instance, the screenshot below shows how downloading the same file FIVE times looks on my Desktop. Starting with the first duplicate file, a number in parenthesis appends to the end of each file name.
Example of 5 duplicated downloaded files on an Apple Mac with (1), (2), (3), (4) in the file name.
Example of 5 duplicated downloaded files on an Apple Mac with (1), (2), (3), (4) in the file name.
Want to try this for yourself? I made an example PDF that you can download named attachment.pdf. Download it a few times, and you'll experience what I describe in this post.
During her final clean-up process, she became confused by the numbers in parenthesis. When she looked at a list of files that included single files with parenthesis, she wasn't sure how many files there were. Did the single file name attachment (3).pdf mean there were three files of the same name on her Desktop? If yes, how did she delete the extras? Every time she trashes the file named attachment (3).pdf, the entire file is removed, not just the two duplicates. This process became frustrating.
In reality, she had already deleted the duplicates. The (3) was simply a remnant left in the file names to indicate that at one point, there was another file named the same on her Desktop.
Deleting the duplicate files and keeping just one copy does not change the file name. The number in parenthesis stays in the file name.
Deleting the duplicate files and keeping just one copy does not change the file name. The number in parenthesis stays in the file name.
Does this make sense? Once deleting obvious duplicates, she became confused and wondered if the files with numbers in parenthesis such as (3) meant that there were three copies of the file remaining on her computer. For the life of her, she couldn't figure out how to delete those unintended duplicates. And to be clear, at this point, she had already successfully deleted all the copies; however, she didn't know she was successful because the file names confused her.
System default downloaded file naming
The number within parenthesis is a system-default way of downloading a file per the user's request when a file with the same name already exists where the user is trying to download a file. The parenthesis points out that there was more than one of this same-named file at some point. However, the parenthesis with a number is just a file naming convention. Including (2) does not indicate that there are duplicates of the files on your computer.
For less confusion, rename the file on your Mac.
I recommended making sure she had one file for each document she was trying to archive from the semester, and then if the file name had a (#) appended, rename the file to something that made sense to her.
A straightforward way to rename a file on your Desktop is to click, pause, and click again on the letters of the file name. This click is known as a force click by Apple. Sometimes it takes clicking more than once.
Rename a file on Mac. This allows you to remove the (1), (2), (3) or any (#) in a file name.
Rename a file on Mac. Renaming allows you to remove the (1), (2), (3), or any (#) in a file name. Force Click method shown.
Please note that a standard double-click will open the file.
You can also select a file and click Return on your keyboard to rename a file.
A third option is right-clicking the file name, choosing the option Get info, and then typing a new name in the Name and Extension field. (More information about changing file names is available from Apple's user guide.)
More duplicate file questions
Why does my file name have parenthesis in it?
If you see a file with the intended name and then (1) or (2) or any number within parenthesis, this indicates that there was already a file with the same name when you downloaded or copied the file. Rather than overwrite your current file, your computer appended a number to the file name so that the files could exist in the same place. The number is just a way of making a unique file name and does not indicate duplicate files are still present.
What do files with () and numbers mean? Are these duplicate files?
The file with the (1) in the name is not necessarily a duplicate file. It simply means that another file with the same name was in the exact location at one point. The solution was to append a number to the newer file so both files could exist in the precise location.
If this article was helpful to you, please let me know in the comments. I'll also share your notes with my family member. I think she will like not being the only one with "silly tech questions" (of course, silly questions don't exist!)
Did you know duplicate font files can cause issues on your Mac? You may have a duplicate font issue if you see an unreadable font in Google Chrome.
Happy Productivity!
About the author
Kelly Barkhurst
Designer to Fullstack is my place to geek out and share tech solutions from my day-to-day as a graphic designer, programmer, and business owner (portfolio). I also write on Arts and Bricks, a parenting blog and decal shop that embraces my family's love of Art and LEGO bricks!
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DOC HOME SITE MAP MAN PAGES GNU INFO SEARCH PRINT BOOK

(gprof.info) Incompatibilities
Info Catalog (gprof.info) How do I? (gprof.info) Top (gprof.info) Details

 Incompatibilities with Unix 'gprof'
 ***********************************

 GNU 'gprof' and Berkeley Unix 'gprof' use the same data file
 'gmon.out', and provide essentially the same information. But there
 are a few differences.

 * GNU 'gprof' uses a new, generalized file format with support for
 basic-block execution counts and non-realtime histograms. A magic
 cookie and version number allows 'gprof' to easily identify new
 style files. Old BSD-style files can still be read. File
 Format.

 * For a recursive function, Unix 'gprof' lists the function as a
 parent and as a child, with a 'calls' field that lists the number
 of recursive calls. GNU 'gprof' omits these lines and puts the
 number of recursive calls in the primary line.

 * When a function is suppressed from the call graph with '-e', GNU
 'gprof' still lists it as a subroutine of functions that call it.

 * GNU 'gprof' accepts the '-k' with its argument in the form
 'from/to', instead of 'from to'.

 * In the annotated source listing, if there are multiple basic
 blocks on the same line, GNU 'gprof' prints all of their counts,
 separated by commas.

 * The blurbs, field widths, and output formats are different. GNU
 'gprof' prints blurbs after the tables, so that you can see the
 tables without skipping the blurbs.

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text:
Index Baevsky is an index showing the degree of centralization in the management of the heart rhythm. It is calculated by electrocardiogram, using a special formula. It was named after the Russian scientist Roman Markovich Baevsky, who first applied it.
Normally, in a calm state, the heart rhythm is mainly regulated by own pacemaker and by those local influences that come from sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia, and also by the level of certain hormones in the blood. In this case, the frequency of the heart rhythm fluctuates wavy, the time difference between individual heart beats is sufficiently large and the index is low.
In conditions requiring high alertness, rapid response, in stress and certain pathological conditions, more highly organized structures of the brain (the trunk and cortex of the brain) are connected to the regulation of the heart rhythm. The rhythm becomes more regular, the time between beats becomes the same. This is the so-called "hard rhythm". The index is greatly increased.
With pathological heart conditions, the index also increases, and with a high risk of myocardial infarction, it can exceed 500-600 conventional units In people with a healthy cardiovascular system, against a background of stress, increased attention and readiness, this figure sometimes rises to 200-300 conventional units. And the higher this indicator is the stronger the level of stress is. It is interesting to note that the index also increases in patients with increased anxiety, even if the cause of anxiety is not realized. And this index can be a fairly reliable objective indicator of the effectiveness of psychotherapy of anxiety states.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
December – March
Eastern & central Kenya
November – February
May – August
Apple mango also scientifically known as Mangifera indica is a variety that originated from the Kenyan
coast. The fruit has a nearly round shape and with deep yellow/orange color. The fruit has length of 10cm
by 11cm wide and weighs between 275-585g. In good soil and appropriate environment, the apple mango
tree is voluminous. Harvesting is between Dec–March in Eastern and Central Kenya and Nov–Feb as well
as May–Aug at the coast.
Ngowe mango tree is believed to have originated from Zanzibar and crossed over to Kenyan coast at
around 1897. It does well in low altitudes though of late it has spread to even medium altitude zones. It has
a large, rhombus and slender shape with a hook-like beak at the apex. Before maturity, the fruit is green
and turns to delicious yellow to orange color when ripe. The fruit is 14cm long and 9.5cm wide with an
average weight if 520g. Harvesting starts in November and goes on till March.


text:
Elevation And Interior Of Historic Building
Ink & gouache on paper in artist's frame
33 x 40.5 cm
Bronstein uses architecture as a means to engage with power: of history, monuments, and the built environment. Using pen and ink on paper, his acutely drafted drawings capture an archival romance of a grand age, a nostalgic longing for the imposing and imperial. Adopting the styles of various architects and movements, his elaborate designs become plausible inventions, both paying homage to and critiquing the emblems of civil engineering. In Elevation and Interior of Historic Building, Bronstein's plan borders on abstraction. Depicting the history of architecture from a simple hole in the ground to a hut, Byzantine temple, Baroque cathedral, enshrined in the cold industrial shell of a modernist shed, Bronstein dissects the lineage of ideas and ideologies, all pastiched together with a dandyish pomo flair.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
ATDM Program Brief: Active Demand Management
Contact Information: Operations Feedback at _EMAIL_.
What is Active Transportation and Demand Management (ATDM)?
ATDM is the dynamic management, control, and influence of travel demand and traffic flow on transportation facilities. Through the use of available tools and assets, traffic flow is managed and traveler behavior is influenced in real-time to achieve operational objectives, such as preventing or delaying breakdown conditions, improving safety, promoting sustainable travel modes, reducing emissions, or maximizing system efficiency. Using archived data and or/predictive methods, agencies continuously monitor the transportation system and perform in real-time to achieve or maintain system performance.
Active management of transportation and demand can include multiple approaches spanning demand management, traffic management, parking management, and efficient utilization of other transportation modes and assets. An agency can deploy a single ATDM approach in order to capitalize on a specific benefit or can deploy multiple active strategies to gain additional benefits across the entire transportation system. Some example approaches are included in the table. This brief focuses on the active demand management (ADM) component of ATDM. Some representative ADM strategies are highlighted in yellow in the table below.
What is Active Demand Management?
One key tenet of ATDM, as defined above, is the ability to influence travel behavior in real-time. This is consistent with the desire to maximize available choices of mode, time, route or even the location of (i.e., need for) travel. Traditionally, demand management has focused on mode choice, inducing commuters to switch from driving alone to higher occupancy modes.
Active demand management (ADM) goes a step further to use information and technology to dynamically manage demand, which could include redistributing travel to less congested times of the day or routes, or reducing overall vehicle trips by influencing a mode choice.
ADM seeks to influence more fluid, daily travel choices to support more traditional, regular mode choice changes. For example, the parking arrival incentive program (CAPRI) pilot at Stanford University seeks to either shift travel outside of the peak hours or to encourage parkers to use less convenient parking on days when it is feasible for them. This initiative complements the overall TDM program at Stanford (through its Commute Club), which offers cash and other incentives to Stanford commuters to use alternative modes or to avoid purchasing long-term parking permits.
ADM is very supportive of other active measures by redistributing or reducing overall traffic levels during congested conditions, thus becoming an integral part of an overall management philosophy to actively manage a facility or system.
What are the key aspects of Active Demand Management?
ADM builds upon the success of traditional TDM programs by using new technologies to inform and influence travel choices, which are not limited to mode choice decisions. As with many TDM efforts, financial levers are important to ADM either as incentives or disincentives (such as higher tolls for SOV or peak period travel). Incentives can take various forms:
Information technology, especially with the connectivity and the social networking possibilities enabled by smartphones, is now being used to dynamically match en-route travelers with others needing a ride or providing comparative travel times for traffic and transit to induce an en-route mode or route shift after a trip as begun.
Based on the results of early dynamic ridesharing pilot projects (see University College Cork, below), program managers identified five critical success factors, which could be applied to many ADM strategies: 1) a critical mass of travelers within a defined area, 2) an appropriate incentive program, 3) minimal complexity for the user, 4) demonstrated security and privacy, and 5) stakeholder engagement involving highway operators, transit, employers, and businesses to make sure the different needs of these groups are addressed by the active demand management applications.
As such, the key to successful ADM projects is an integrated approach to offering a technically-sound, user-friendly service, with incentives to make a different travel choice, and buy-in by key public and private stakeholders. The overall utilization and effectiveness of many of these approaches are still being tested.
Examples of Active Demand Management
The table below illustrates some active demand management programs that are either operational or being tested in the U.S. and Europe. Examples include dynamic ridesharing, on-demand transit applications (such as deviated-route service, demand responsive operations and flexible route service), dynamic pricing, and advanced traveler information.
ATDM Project Informational Briefs
This informational brief is one of the ATDM briefs in the Program category of the FHWA ATDM Brief Series. ATDM briefs are or will be available in the categories of:
For more information:
Publication #: FHWA-HOP-13-002
United States Department of Transportation - Federal Highway Administration


text:
This Book Just Ate My Dog!
Written and Illustrated by Richard Byrne
When her dog disappears into the gutter of the book, Bella calls for help. But when the helpers disappear too, Bella realizes it will take more than a tug on the leash to put things right.
Primary Source Pairing:
Create a two-for-one lesson by teaching parts of a book and reading this fun, engaging story about a missing dog. ISAIL standards include mastery of parts of the book. Scott E. Franson's website also includes a 32-page page picture book template that could be paired with this title.
Questions for Discussion:
- Describe what you see.
- What do you notice first?
- What words do you see on this image?
- What can you learn from examining this image?
Book Cover and Summary: Follett
Picture Book Basics image from Scott E. Franson's website (visit his website to download a large version of the image)


Members of Nightingale are trained especially in the use of medicinal, alchemical and herbal concoctions. Highly sought after as healers during violent conflicts for their ability to set up and maintain sanitary facilities in the field, Nightingales are driven and focused, though primarily on others.
Potions are not the only tool employed by the association, which also teaches its members advanced forms of blood magic, imminently effective in healing, though in desperate times these practices are whispered to sometimes be employed towards other, more sinister uses than mending the body.


text:
Description of the Our House animation
Curiousgirl introduces this animation by asking players if they want to grab their telescope and find out who comes to Parliament house.
This animation opens with two discs, containing symbolic representations, moving clock-wise in a circle, backed by a duotone image of Australia's Parliament House and the screen title 'Our house'. At the same time as the circles appear, the sound of clap sticks and didgeridoo are heard. The two discs are located at opposite positions on the circular path. One has an image representing Australia's Parliament House and the other is a design representing an Aboriginal meeting.
As the two images rotate around the screen the text'meeting place' appears in the centre of the screen. After a few seconds a third disc containing an image of members of parliament in the House of Representatives chamber appears at the same time as a speech is concluded. The central text changes to 'for politicians'.
After a few seconds a fourth disc containing an image of people in the foyer appears with the sound of a guide welcoming a group of visitors to Parliament House. The discs are arranged equally around the circular path and the central text changes to 'for the public'.
In a few seconds, a fifth disc containing an image of a media crew interviewing a politician appears and the central text changes to 'for the media'. At the same time a female news reporter introduces the top news story on a news program called PEO news hour.
Next a sixth disc containing an image of a demonstration outside Australia's Parliament House appears. The audio suggests an angry protest. The central text changes to 'for protestors'.
Following this a sixth disc containing an image of Crown Princess Mary of Denmark appears as a familiar Australian tune begins. The central text changes to 'for international guests'.
Finally, the central text fades out and the discs move off the screen and the background image of Parliament House lights up to full colour. The text 'Australia's Parliament House' appears and the audio fades to complete the animation.
Go to: Our House Teachers'
To view this interactive:
the latest Flash Plug-in

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
If your office caught on fire right now, how would you get out? We laugh at the prospect, but many of us don't even move at the first fire alarm. But if you were caught in a fire, would you trust a robot to lead you to safety?
New research out of Georgia Tech suggests that in emergency situations, people will not only put their lives into artificially intelligent hands, but they will continue to trust so-called "Emergency Guide Robots" even when they have been proven wrong, or deemed disabled.
This wasn't the case in every scenario. Under normal conditions, some of Georgia Tech's volunteers didn't trust the already unreliable robots. However, in a time sensitive, emergency situation, the robots became an authority figure of sorts, and most volunteers followed their directives.
The researchers did have most subjects convinced that the walls around them were burning to the ground, but it's disturbing to think that each person defaulted to the robot's bright, flashing arms even if it had, moments before, lead them to several dead ends or been deemed disabled.
The research is part of a long-term study that looks at how humans trust robots, which is particularly important as robots play a larger role in society.
At first, the study just wanted to see if these robots would be useful in emergency situations. These new findings have researchers reconsidering their scope; and questioning how we can prevent humans from trusting robots too much.


text:
Effect of Delays in Concordant Antibiotic Treatment on Mortality in Patients With Hospital-Acquired Acinetobacter Species Bacteremia: Emulating a Target Randomized Trial With a 13-Year Retrospective Cohort.
Lim C., Mo Y., Teparrukkul P., Hongsuwan M., Day NPJ., Limmathurotsakul D., Cooper BS.
Delays in treating bacteremias with antibiotics to which the causative organism is susceptible are expected to adversely affect patient outcomes. Quantifying the impact of such delays to concordant treatment is important for decision-making about interventions to reduce the delays and for quantifying the burden of disease due to antimicrobial resistance. There are, however, potentially important biases to be addressed, including immortal time bias. We aimed to estimate the impact of delays in appropriate antibiotic treatment of patients with Acinetobacter species hospital-acquired bacteremia in Thailand on 30-day mortality by emulating a target trial using retrospective cohort data from Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital in 2003-2015. For each day, we defined treatment as concordant if the isolated organism was susceptible to at least 1 antibiotic given. Among 1,203 patients with Acinetobacter species hospital-acquired bacteremia, 682 had 1 or more days of delays to concordant treatment. Surprisingly, crude 30-day mortality was lower in patients with delays of ≥3 days compared with those who had 1-2 days of delays. Accounting for confounders and immortal time bias resolved this paradox. Emulating a target trial, we found that these delays were associated with an absolute increase in expected 30-day mortality of 6.6% (95% confidence interval: 0.2, 13.0), from 33.8% to 40.4%.


text:
Technischer Bericht NTB 88-04
Bohrlochversiegelung:Materialeigenschaften von hochverdichtetem Bentonit mit Eignungsbeurteilu
This report first summarizes past investigations and presently available data on highly compacted Na-bentonite (MX-80) and Ca-bentonite (Montigel). The information has been collected mainly from research work reported from Sweden and Switzerland. Then the suitability of Cabentonite with respect to its use as a sealing material in boreholes for low and intermediate level nuclear waste repositories is evaluated.
The comparison of the two bentonites with respect to the characteristics relevant for sealing showed that most properties differ only little. This applies particularly to the swelling pressure and the permeability which may be considered the most important properties for sealing materials. The most significant difference is in the plasticity, with MX-80 having a much higher liquid limit than Montigel. The long-term stability is similar for both materials. However, with a groundwater rich in Ca2+-ions, Montigel is preferred, because ion-exchange is minimized and also the tendency for illitization is decreased.
Based on the present knowledge, it can be concluded that highly compacted bentonite is a suitable material for a borehole plug. Its function will mainly be that of a highly impermeable barrier. In particular, it has been possible to convincingly establish the suitability of the Ca-bentonite Montigel in Ca2+-rich groundwater.


text:
The title of the performance, Terrace Canon, was derived from the action of the 30 performers moving in canon with one anothermovement echoing and repeating from one group or pair of performers to the next. The choreography was inspired by the natural landscape of the forest adjacent to the Kyoto College of Art performance area. The motion of the trees and their firm rooting to the earth was the starting point in designing the movement for this work.Performers moved in small groups, duets and alone as the piece progressed. These spatial relationships and groups were always changing. The movement chosen was simple in nature, as the surrounding landscape was complex in visual information. Singular arm gestures, walking patterns, and the transfer of weight in partners and alone was the main focus of the choreography.
Costumes were designed and dyed in collaboration with Michie Yamaguchi, Associate Professor of Textiles at the Kyoto College of Art. As the performers weaved through the space, the abstract colors of the sky and the forest met and separated.


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I was at a lecture yesterday and there was a demo of a van de graff generator. He held the smaller metal globe which is attached by a wire, about 4cm from the main globe. This created a spark between the two globes. At the same time the spark happened the speakers in the hall would click loudly, the projector (on the other side of the room) would turn yellow and the text moved down, then flashed black and back to normal. And the plasma globe that was next to the van de graff generator which was switched off (but on at the wall) would briefly turn on.
Is it possible for a spark to do that? Or is there something else happening at the same time?
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Ever heard about Hertz, Marconi? – Georg Oct 21 '11 at 15:28
1 Answer 1
The spark is part of a larger system that includes the two globes and the electrical system for generating a charge on the two globes, without which the spark wouldn't happen, but yes. The spark generates electromagnetic radiation at lots of frequencies, including light, but there will also be radio waves at lower frequencies, and there will be ultraviolet and even soft x-rays at higher frequencies. The intensity of the different frequencies from a given spark will depend on how long the spark is and the properties of the gas surrounding it.
The lower frequency electromagnetic waves that are generated by the spark can induce currents in any electrical circuits that are near enough to the Van de Graaff generator, which will cause different effects in different circuits, some of which you saw and heard. You could try repeating the experiment across different lengths to see how the different effects change, with which you can measure some of the electrical properties of the different circuits.
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This article of Mens Wooden Wedding Ring was uploaded on August 4, 2017 at 11:02 am. This blog post is posted on the Wedding Ring category. Mens Wooden Wedding Ring is tagged with Mens Wooden Wedding Ring, Mens, Wooden, Wedding, Ring..
Mensmen's (menz),USA pronunciation n., pl. men's.
- a range of sizes in even and odd numbers for garments made for men.
- a garment in this size range.
- the department or section of a store where these garments are sold.
Woodenwood•en (wŏŏd′n),USA pronunciation adj.
- consisting or made of wood;
wood: a wooden ship.
- stiff, ungainly, or awkward: a wooden gait.
- without spirit, animation, or awareness.
- dull or stupid.
- indicating the fifth event of a series, as a wedding anniversary.
Weddingwed•ding (wed′ing),USA pronunciation n.
- the act or ceremony of marrying;
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- the act or an instance of blending or joining, esp. opposite or contrasting elements: a perfect wedding of conservatism and liberalism.
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Ringring1 (ring),USA pronunciation n., v., ringed, ring•ing.
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- a circular or surrounding line or mark: dark rings around the eyes.
- a circular course: to dance in a ring.
- a number of persons or things situated in a circle or in an approximately circular arrangement: a ring of stones; a ring of hills.
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- a bullring.
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- the sport of boxing;
prizefighting: the heyday of the ring.
- (formerly in the U.S., now only in Brit.) an area in a racetrack where bookmakers take bets.
- a group of persons cooperating for unethical, illicit, or illegal purposes, as to control stock-market prices, manipulate politicians, or elude the law: a ring of dope smugglers.
- a single turn in a spiral or helix or in a spiral course.
- [Geom.]the area or space between two concentric circles.
- See annual ring.
- a circle of bark cut from around a tree.
- a number of atoms so united that they may be graphically represented in cyclic form. Cf. chain (def. 7).
- rowlock (def. 1).
- a bowlike or circular piece at the top of an anchor, to which the chain or cable is secured. See diag. under anchor.
- Also called spinning ring. (in the ring-spinning frame) a circular track of highly polished steel on which the traveler moves and which imparts twists to the yarn by variations in its vertical movement.
- a unit of measurement of the diameter of cigars, equal to 1/64 of an inch.Also called ring gauge.
- See piston ring.
- a set that is closed under the operations of addition and multiplication and that is an Abelian group with respect to addition and an associative semigroup with respect to multiplication and in which the distributive laws relating the two operations hold.
- run rings around, to be obviously superior to;
outdo: As an artist, she can run rings around her brother.
- throw or toss one's hat in or into the ring. See hat (def. 7).
- to surround with a ring;
- to form into a ring.
- to insert a ring through the nose of (an animal).
- to hem in (animals) by riding or circling about them.
- to girdle (def. 11).
- (in horseshoes, ringtoss, etc.) to encircle (a stake or peg) with a ring, horseshoe, etc.
- to form a ring or rings.
- to move in a ring or a constantly curving course: The road rings around the mountain.
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es of \(F(z)\).
Cauchy's Residue Theorem
When the transfer functions is rational, a ratio of polynomials, we may use the method described below to calculate the Inverse Z-transform.
Denote the unique poles of \(F(z)\) as \(p_{1\ldots{\small N}}\) and their algebraic multiplicities as \(m_{1\ldots{\small N}}\). As long as \(N\) is finite, which is the case if \(F(z)\) is rational, we can evaluate the inverse Z-Transform via Cauchy's residue theorem that states
$$ f[n] = \frac{1}{2\pi j}\oint_C F(z)\,z^{n-1}\,\mathrm{d}z=\sum_{p_k\text{ inside }C}\mathrm{Res}\large{(}\,F(z)\,z^{n-1},\,p_k,\,m_k\,{\large{)}} \nonumber $$ where $$ \mathrm{Res}{\Large(}\,F(z)\,z^{n-1},\,p_k,\,m_k\,{\Large)}=\frac{1}{(m_k-1)!}\left[\frac{\text{d}^{(m_k-1)}}{\text{d}z^{(m_k-1)}}\,{\Large[}\,(z-p_k)^{m_k}\,F(z)\,z^{n-1}\,{\Large]}\right]_{z=p_k} \nonumber $$ for a single pole $$ \mathrm{Res}{\Large(}\,F(z)\,z^{n-1},\,p_k,\,1\,{\Large)}=\left.\,(z-p_k)\,F(z)\,z^{n-1}\,\right|_{z=p_k} \nonumber $$
Cauchy's residue theorem allows us to compute the contour integral by computing derivatives, however tedious.
Other techniques
Given that the \(z\)-transform is a particular type of Laurent series, and the Laurent series in a given annulus of convergence is unique, any technique can be used to generate a power series for \(F(z)\) that converges in the outermost annulus of convergence to obtain the inverse \(z\)-transform.
Inversion techniques available are
 - using the binomial theorem
 - using the convolution theorem
 - performing long division
 - using the initial-value theorem
 - expanding \(F(z)\) in partial fractions
 - power series expansion (for non-rational z-transforms).
Inverse Unilateral Z-Transform
The inverse Z-transform, can be evaluated using Cauchy's integral. Which is an integral taken over a counter-clockwise closed contour \(C\) in the region of converge of \(Y(z)\). When the ROC is causal, this means the path \(C\) must encircle all the poles of \(Y(z)\).
$$ y[n] = \frac{1}{2\pi j}\oint_C Y(z)\,z^{n-1}\,\mathrm{d}z $$
Let's try some simplifications:
 1. When all poles of \(Y(z)\) poles are inside the unit circle, \(Y(z)\) is stable and \(C\) can be the unit circle. Thus the contour integral simplifies to the inverse discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT) of the periodic values of the Z-transform around the unit circle . To proof we take the unit circle \(|z|=1\), and parameterize contour \(C\) by \(z(\omega)=\mathrm{e}^{j\omega}\), with \(-\pi\leq \omega\leq\pi\) so \(\frac{\text{d}z}{\text{d}\omega}=j\mathrm{e}^{j\omega}\)
 $$ \begin{align} y[n] &= \frac{1}{2\pi j}\oint_C Y(z)\,z^{n-1}\,\mathrm{d}z \nonumber \\ &= \frac{1}{2\pi \bcancel{j}}\int_{-\pi}^{\pi} Y(\mathrm{e}^{j\omega})\,(\mathrm{e}^{j\omega})^{n\cancel{-1}}\bcancel{j}\cancel{{\mathrm{e}^{j\omega}}}\,\,\mathrm{d}\omega \nonumber \\ &= \frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{-\pi}^{\pi} Y(\mathrm{e}^{j\omega })\,\mathrm{e}^{j\omega n}\,\mathrm{d}\omega \nonumber \end{align} $$
 2. If a system is represented by a linear constant-coefficient difference equations (LCCDE), it is said to be rational. The output is in the form \((N\gt M)\)
 $$ \sum_{k=0}^N a_k y[n-k]=\sum_{k=0}^M b_k x[n-k] \label{eq:rational} $$
 this allows us to find the impulse response \(h[n]\) and frequency response \(H(\mathrm{e}^{j\omega})\) of this LTI system similarly to the methods to solve a continuous LCCDE problems.
For rational systems captured by equation \(\eqref{eq:rational}\) the output in the Z-domain output can be expressed as
$$ Y(z)=\frac{b_0+b_1z+b_2z^2+\ldots+b_Mz^M}{a_0+a_1z+a_2z^2+\ldots+a_Nz^N} $$
We will examine solution methods for rational systems in the following sections.
Long Division
Long-division of the polynomials directly is a simple but not so practical method for obtaining a power series expansion for \(Y(z)\). Using the definition of the Z-transform, the terms of the sequence can then be identified one at a time. Problem with this method is that it is labor intensive, and does not produce a closed-form expression for \(y[n]\).
Direct Computation
When \(x[n]=\delta[n]\), \(y[n]=h[n]\). For \(n=0\), we obtain the initial condition:
$$ h[0]-ah[-1]=h[0]=\delta[0]=1 $$
For \(n>0\), we plug the general solution \(h[n]=Az^n\) into the DE and get
$$ Az^n-aAz^{n-1}=\delta[n]=0,\ \ n\gt 0 $$
From which we get \(z=a\) and \(h[n]=Aa^n\). But as \(h[0]=1\), we have \(A=1\) and
$$ h[n]=a^n \gamma[n] $$
The Fourier spectrum of \(h[n]\) is the corresponding frequency response
$$ \begin{align} H(e^{j\omega})&: {\cal F}[h[n]]=\sum_{n=-\infty}^\infty h[n]e^{-jn\omega}\\ &:\sum_{n=0}^\infty a^n e^{-jn\omega}=\frac{1}{1-ae^{-j\omega}} \end{align} $$
src: _URL_
Partial Fraction Expansion
2BD: see "discrete transfer functions
Eigenequation method ??
Consider a linear time invariant system \(H\) with impulse response \(h\) operating on some space of infinite length continuous time signals


text:
In this chapter we will work on a real Recipe, from definition to extraction.
Our goal will be to extract the table on this page:
Here are the steps to follow:
1. Open the website to be analyzed in a Chrome tab.
2. Click the Free / Batch Data Collector icon to launch the program on top of this Chrome tab, pointing the program to the source code you'd like to analyze.
3. In Free / Batch Data Collector – Advanced Interface – choose a name for your Recipe:
4. Back on the original webpage, look for the parent element of the table. We recommend you use Chrome's Inspect feature, which can be accessed by right-clicking on the first cell of the table and choosing Inspect from the menu.
5. From Inspect we can clearly recognize that the repetitive element is table#customers tr
6. The child columns of the repetitive element will be td with Instance n. progressing from 0 to 2 (since we're hoping to extract a three-column table).
7. For each column set the Type drop-down to text.
Here's our completed Recipe:
8. When you're ready to proceed, click Empty Results and Extract.
At the bottom of the page you'll see the generated JSON code and 3 options to extract them. The first allows you to export the data collected in Excel format.
The others allow you to visualize the extracted data without passing them to a spreadsheet.
Quick and simple, no?


text:
Eric - ايريك
Arabic Calligraphy design for
«Eric - ايريك»
Name meaning: The given name Eric, Erik, or Erick is derived from the Old Norse name Eiríkr (or Eríkr in Eastern Old Norse due to monophthongization). The first element, eiis derived either from the older Proto-Norse *aina(z), meaning "one, alone, unique", as in the form Æinrikr explicitly, or from *aiwa(z) "everlasting, eternity". The second element -ríkr stems either from *ríks "king, ruler" (cf. Gothic reiks) or from the therefrom derived *ríkijaz "kingly, powerful, rich, prince". The name is thus usually taken to mean "sole ruler, autocrat" or "eternal ruler, ever powerful".
The most common spelling in Scandinavia is Erik. In Norway, another form of the name (which has kept the Old Norse diphthong) Eirik is also commonly used. In Finland, the form Erkki is also used. The modern Icelandic version is Eiríkur, while the modern Faroese version is Eirikur. Éric [eʁik] is used in French, and in Germany Eric, Erik and Erich are used.[ًWikipedia]
Eric, Erik, Erick - ايريك


text:
Scanning logical drives is a required step for recovering files and folders. During the scan all deleted (and existing) file and folders are detected. The results of a logical drive scan are displayed in a separate tabbed views: Logical Drive Scan Result View. To initiate a scan of a logical drive:
1. Select volume (logical drive)
In the Recovery Explorer view select a volume (logical drive).
2. Open the Scan volumes dialog box:
From the Recovery Explorer toolbar, click Scan.
Right-click the selected logical drive and click Scan from the context menu.
Multiple drive selection
Additional drives can be selected to scan on the Logical Drives list to be scanned simultaneously. At least one logical drive (volume) must be selected.
Ignore Read and Write errors during the scan process.
Save scan results
If this option is on, a path must be specified where scan results with a unique name will be saved for each scanned drive. Provide valid path if you have this option selected.
Use Advanced Scan Algorithm
Select this option to apply advanced scan algorithm. However, event if scan results may contain more entries then with scan without this option overall scan process may take much more time.
Detect files by their signatures
Select this option to specify exact file types to be detected during the scan. With this option, device scan reads each disk sector trying to reconstruct any possible data related to unique file format.
Apply the same settings to all selected drives
All scan options above, can be selected for each drive individually or, when this check box is selected, to be the same for all selected logical drives.
3. Click Scan to initiate scan of selected logical drives (volumes) scan.
4. Scan selected volumes.
During the scan:
To display or hide scanning events and progress details toggle More\Less Info button at any time.
To terminate the scan process, click Stop at any time. Results may be not accurate or complete. After the scan completes you will see scan results in the Logical Drive Scan Result View.


text: We have assessed a new method, manual compression of the abdominal wall (MCA) during expiration, in the detection of expiratory flow limitation. Twelve stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and five normal subjects were studied during spontaneous breathing in the supine and seated posture. MCA was performed during expiration with one hand at the umbilical level and we measured flow, volume, pleural (Ppl) and gastric (Pga) pressures and abdominal anteroposterior (AP) diameter at the umbilical level with magnetometers. No increase in expiratory flow during MCA relative to the preceding breath despite associated increases in pressures was considered as indicating expiratory flow limitation. In seven additional patients with increased upper airway collapsibility (obstructive sleep apnea syndrome [OSAS]), MCA was compared with negative expiratory pressure (NEP). In normal seated subjects, MCA was associated with a decrease in abdominal AP dimension (mean +/- SD: -27 +/- 6%), an increase in Pga (14.7 +/- 7.4 cm H(2)O) and Ppl (6.2 +/- 2.2 cm H(2)O), and an increase in expiratory flow. MCA caused similar changes in abdominal AP dimension and pressures in seated patients with COPD but six of them (50%), including four patients with FEV(1) less than 1 L, had no increase in expiratory flow. In the supine posture, MCA always increased expiratory flow in normal subjects but four additional patients with COPD showed evidence of flow limitation. MCA invariably increased expiratory flow in patients with OSAS whereas the NEP method suggested flow limitation in some cases. We conclude that MCA is a very simple method that allows detection of flow limitation in different positions.


Calendar Moodle ISU
Using a calendar in a course can help both the instructor and the students keep track of deadlines and important dates within the course.
This guide will help you to understand:
Adding the Calendar Block
 1. On the left hand side of the screen, Locate Add a Block
 2. From the Add dropdown menu, Select Calendar
Note: The Calendar block will appear above the Add a Block.
Note: for more assistance on blocks and how to move them see, Blocks in Moodle ISU
Configuring the Calendar Block
You can modify the configuration of the Calendar block.
 1. In the top right corner of the block, Click the gear icon
 2. From the dropdown menu, Select Configure Calendar block
Note: For information on what the other icons do, see Moodle ISU Overview
Calendar Block Settings
 1. The first line will tell you the block's original location
 1. Display on page types will give you three options of where your calendar will be displayed
 1. Any page - This will make the calendar display on any page for Moodle ISU when you are logged in.
 2. Any course page - This will make the calendar available on every page that you have set up within the course.
 3. Any type of course main page - This will make the calendar available only on the main page for the course. This is also the default setting.
 1. Default region - This option will allow you to place the calendar either on the right or the left of the screen
 2. Default weight - To relocate the block on the screen you can weigh the blocks importance in this area
On this page
 1. From the Visible dropdown menu, Select Yes or No to determine whether the calendar is visible to students
 2. From the Region dropdown menu, Select where the calendar will reside on the screen
 3. From the Weight dropdown menu, Select the weight the calendar will receive
 1. To relocate the block on the screen, you can weigh the block's importance in this area.
 2. The lower the weight, the higher up on the page the block will appear.
 1. Click Save Changes to save your configurations
Events Keys
The events keys allow you to add certain activities or key dates for the course. The following is a list that breaks down the options and explains when to use each one.
Note: If you click on these events on the main calendar block, they can be hidden or shown to students and users.
Global - Events that are relevant to the university, such as holidays etc.
Course - Events that are relevant to the course in general such as exams or assignments.
Group - Events that are relevant to certain groups within the course.
User - Personal events that will not be visible to other users.
Adding Events to Calendar
 1. Click on the calendar name
 1. Click New event in the Calendar view
 1. On the New event page, Select the type of desired event
 1. User - Visible only to the current user.
 2. Group - Visible only to the particular group in the course.
 1. This will enable the Group event dropdown menu from which you will Select the group the event is relevant for.
 1. Course - Visible to participants on the course in question.
 1. Type the Event title
 1. Type a Description
 1. Set a Date
 1. Set a duration if so desired
 1. Choose whether or not this event will repeat in Repeated events
 1. Click Save changes
For more information on using your calendar, see Calendar
For additional information, contact the ITRC - _PHONE_ or email


RC FCN Digestive Care
Some cats have trouble digesting their food which can result in more stool. As well, some cats regurgitate their food when they eat too quickly. Proper nutrition can make digestion easier, and specialized kibble can slow eating and limit regurgitation for cats with sensitive stomachs. DIGESTIVE CARE is for adult cats from 1 to 10 years old with a sensitive stomach and digestive tract. It provides 100% complete & balanced nutrition and is highly digestible resulting in reduced stool volume.
SKU: N/A Categories:,,
Additional information
14LB, 3LB, 6LB


text:
Institute of Agricultural Sciences
One of the most prominent institutes for agricultural studies in India, Institute of Agricultural Sciences is located in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. The institute offers various undergraduate, postgraduate and doctorate level courses under the concern of Banaras Hindu University (BHU). It has eleven departments (Agronomy, Agricultural Economics, Animal Husbandry and Dairying Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Extension Education, Farm Engineering, Genetics and Plant Breeding, Horticulture, Mycology and Plant Pathology, Plant Physiology, Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry) and conducts its courses from both the campuses of the University (Varanasi & Barkachha). A dedicated team of eminent professors and lecturers is associated with imparting knowledge in the fields of agricultural sciences and plant kingdom. Institute of Agricultural Sciences is a highly rated agricultural institute for quality research in agriculture and related research areas. Various all India coordinated researches in Genetics, Plant Breeding, Agronomy, Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, funded by Indian Council of Agricultural Research, are conducted in full swing amid research friendly environment of Barkachha and Varanasi campuses.Affiliated to: Banaras Hindu University
The institute offers the following undergraduate programme:
The college offers the following postgraduate programmes:
The college offers the following doctorate programme:
Admission Procedure and Eligibility:Undergraduate:
Candidates who have passed 10+2 or any other equivalent examination in Science stream (Physics, Chemistry, Biology) from a recognized Board / College are eligible to apply. In addition, they have to appear in All India Entrance Test, conducted by BHU.
Those who have passed bachelor degree examination in agriculture or any stream with Botany as one of the subjects are eligible to apply. However, they should appear in PET (Postgraduate Entrance Test), conducted by BHU.
Aspirants should possess master degree in agriculture or botany from a recognized University / College. In addition, one has to appear in CRET (Common Research Entrance Test), conducted by the University.
Contact Address:Institute of Agricultural Sciences
Varanasi - 221 005
Fax: +91-_PHONE_, _PHONE_
Arts Colleges in Uttar Pradesh
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68 minutes | Feb 3rd 2021
Developing the Indomitable Gift of Compassion with Dr. Stan Steindl
We all struggle at times with our relationships, in parenting, at work. We all get sad, stressed and worried. We might feel lonely or isolated. We might feel fear, guilt or shame. These are all forms of suffering, much of which comes from rumination, self-criticism and the complex work of our minds. The good news is that we can alleviate much of this suffering by uncovering our Compassionate Self - the key to a healthier mental life.Today's guest is an expert in compassion, Clinical Psychologist, Adjunct Associate Professor, and Author of the insightful and beautifully written book: "The Gifts of Compassion: How to understand and overcome suffering", Dr Stan Steindl.In this episode, Stan gives us a starting point to understanding compassion and guides us through discovering our most compassionate selves.Join us today as we answer the following questions:What do we mean by compassion?What is the difference between empathy and sympathy as interpersonal skills?Why understanding suffering is the key to unlocking our most "compassionate selves"Identifying fears, blocks, and resistance to open yourself up to receiving self-care and self compassionHow self criticism disguises itself as self challenge with short term benefits but is actually counterproductiveWhat is shame and how is it relevant in self compassion?The difference between shame and guiltUsing imagery to learn about and develop your most compassionate selfWhere can you find Stan:_URL_ (Compassion in a T-Shirt)_URL_ (The Compassion Initiative with James Kirby)_URL_ add links to Stan's social media, see guest tab)Dr. Stan Steindl's book:_URL_ resources mentioned in this episode:About Compassion Focused Therapy - _URL_ and abstract for the meta-analysis on the effectiveness of compassion-based interventionshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0005789417300667Link to my coaching services on the web site please :-)
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text:
I need a webcrawler in 2 parts:
1. Can scan for specific or similar text phrases/sentences, like a product description, this could be up to 2-300 words and the crawler will find online if someone copied it or used a passage from the original text. There will be many different text pieces added and crawler should keep searching/scanning for them all.
2. Image finder, this part can scan for same or similar images online to find if someone is using the original image. Maybe even find similar images, where a part has been used or edited. There will be many different original image added and crawler should keep searching/scanning for them all. Some of them might have a watermark, making it easier to find.
A daily report should show any findings.
Let me know what questions you might have.
I am ready to start your work right now. I will impress you with my work and will do good job for you. 10 Year experienced in Excel, word, typing, data scraping, Web scraping.


35. Sayyida Salme of Zanzibar and Oman (1844–1924): she became known as Emily Ruete[12]
Said bin Sultan honors that included:[13]
Further reading[edit]
 - Memoirs of an Arabian Princess from Zanzibar, Emily Ruete, 1888. (Many reprints). Author (1844–1924) was born Princess Salme of Zanzibar and Oman and was a daughter of Sayyid Said. In the fifteenth chapter of her book, she describes her sisters and two of her brothers (Hilal and Thuweini).
External links[edit]


text:
Frequently Asked Questions
The manufacturing of pentachlorophenol officially came to an end in December of 2021. This was the last location anywhere in the world that made pentachlorophenol. However, penta will continue to be available from some pole producers for at least another year. Pole treating plants are working through their penta inventories while others have already converted to alternatives.
They provide long-term efficacy with low environmental impact. They are the first major innovation in years for utility infrastructure, with 28 years of performance data for treated wood pole and crossarm protection.
The active ingredient – DCOI
DCOI's formulation is 4,5-Dichloro-2-N-Octyl-4-Isothiazolin-3-One (CAS No 64359-81-5).
DCOI is not a Restricted Use Pesticide and is not persistent in soil.
An organic, broad-spectrum biocide
Contains no heavy metals, dioxins, furans or PAHs
Standardized as a wood preservative by AWPA and listed as P-39 in the Book of Standards
The first, new oil-borne industrial wood preservative in decades
The same active ingredient used in marine antifouling formulations that won the 1996 US EPA Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Award
Very effective – retentions standardized by the American Wood Protection Association (AWPA) are 1/3 the retention of pentachlorophenol.
The only oil-borne industrial wood preservative backed by a warranty – a 50-year limited warranty
DCOI is used in, and currently sold as:
a marine antifoulant
an algaecide for cooling towers
an industrial microbicide in drywall
an industrial microbicide in shower curtains
an industrial microbicide in pool liners
an industrial microbicide in brewery pasteurizing and can warmer systems
a fungicide/bactericide for in-can paint formulations
a fungicide component in Ecolife®, the best performing, non-metal based, above ground residential preservative on the market.
Pole hardware that is suitable for penta and CCA poles are also suitable for UltraPole NXT poles and crossarms with DCOI.
UltraPole NXT poles and crossarms with DCOI:
use less energy, fossil fuels, and water to produce; with lower ecotoxicity than other materials used in poles
have a wider range of disposal options at the end of life
The active ingredient, DCOI, earned the EPA's President's Green Chemistry Challenge Award in 1996 for its use as an alternative to tributyltin (TBT) compounds in marine antifoulant coatings.
DCOI is also the active ingredient in Ecolife®, the best performing, non-metal based, above-ground residential deck preservative on the market.
DCOI is also used in water treatment, paints and coatings, adhesives, vinyl roof membranes, vinyl flooring, marine upholstery, outdoor furniture, and shower curtains for example.
DCOI is stable and leach resistant.
DCOI is effective against wood decay fungi and termites.
Generally linemen will not notice a difference between DCOI and penta treated poles other than it's lower odor and is also easy to climb.


Monthly Archives: March 2016
Why Seek Initiation
In answer to the question, "Please could you talk to us about why a person should seek Initiation and follow a Spiritual Path, and how does it help a person on death?" When someone gets Initiated, immediately it sets up a potential link with the Higher Planes. How much a person works with the Energies of Light and Sound, will… Read more →
Light and Sound Meditation
Light and sound energies are mentioned in countless numbers of books and spoken about by many meditation groups. However, there are many different types of these energies which fall into 3 main categories: physical, imagined and Spiritual. We want to make it absolutely clear that the Energies we speak of have nothing to do with the lower levels which are… Read more →


text:
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]چکیده [English]
Sediment transport is one of the most important parameters in coastal engineering issues. It is very important to define the sediment transport rate in the sea morphology and construction of port installation, ponds and waterfronts. The issue mentioned above is so affective on anticipated design life, safety of which against sedimentation and defining the dredging period. Sediment transport in Shahid Bahonar port was evaluated in the research. First, Sediment transport was calculated using data such as wave, flow and aggregation of the region and semi – empirical methods. Then it was compared with sediment transport resulted from hydrographic maps and it is calibrated. The results demonstrated that Biker method is more accurate in the region.


text:
Performs an animation that fades an item or set of items out of view.
The following video demonstrates the fade in and out animations:
Element or elements being faded out.
An object that completes when the animation is finished.
The hidden parameter of this method can be expressed in several ways:
- As the special value "undefined", which means that the animation has no such target
- As a single object
- As a NodeList (for example, the result of querySelectorAll)
- As an HTMLCollection
If you want to remove an element involved in this animation from the document altogether, doing so before the animation is complete causes the animation to abruptly stop. You should use the Promise to be notified when the animation completes and then remove the element from the document.
Minimum supported client
|Windows 8 [Windows Store apps only]|
Minimum supported server
|Windows Server 2012 [Windows Store apps only]|
Minimum supported phone
|Windows Phone 8.1|


text:
Main function of drilling mud agitator in excavation work and maintenance and management skills
Drilling mud agitator is an indispensable machine in excavation work, and it is also very important for excavation work. The drilling mud agitator plays a very important role in excavation. Mud mixer is one of the indispensable machinery in drilling operation, which is used to maintain the uniformity of drilling fluid and suspend solid particles. So specifically, what is the main function of drilling mud agitator in use?
1. The main role of drilling mud agitator in excavation work.
1. Drilling mud agitator is mainly used for mixing cement, sand and gravel, various dry powder mortars and other building materials. This is a machine in which a shaft with blades rotates in a cylinder or tank to stir and mix various raw materials into a mixture or suitable consistency. There are many kinds of mixers, such as forced mixer, single-shaft mixer, twin-shaft mixer and so on. It has the advantages of large torque transmission, stable operation and reliable operation.
2. Drilling mud agitator can mix and stir building materials to provide the required materials for the project. This is the basic function of the blender. At the time of construction, there must be mixed materials, and the required quantity will certainly be large, then the mixer can play its role, it can be a good mix of the materials that need to be mixed, and provide the required materials for the project to ensure Smooth construction.
3. Drilling mud agitator can save labor costs, because manual mixing is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also pays workers, and the construction quantity of materials is generally large, so it is very expensive to ask people to complete the mixing, not only the cost is high, but it may not be ideal for mixing machine, so the benefits of a blender are great.
4. Drilling mud agitator can improve the speed of the project. Since the mixer has a very high working efficiency, it is much faster than the manual mixer, so it can increase the progress of the project and improve the construction efficiency.
2. Maintenance and management skills of drilling mud agitator in excavation work.
1. Before the testing machine, check whether the connection parts are loose, and tighten if necessary.
2. The operation management personnel should check the reducer through the oil level, the amount of lubricating oil in the gear box and whether it is sufficient. When the lubricating oil is insufficient, the lubricating oil of the same type should be fully utilized.
3. Check the seal of the oil drain plug to see if there is oil leakage. When the oil leaks, tighten the faucet.
4. During the trial operation, mainly observe whether the whole machine is stable and whether the noise is too large. If there is any abnormality, the detection should be stopped immediately, and normal operation should be resumed after troubleshooting.
5. After entering the normal operation of the enterprise, within 5 days at most, all the lubricating oil system in the gear box of drilling mud agitator shall be drained out, so that the inside of the gear box shall be clean, and a clean lubricating oil shall be replaced, and then it shall be replaced in 6 months.


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Media Literacy Education Exposure related to Self-Esteem, Body Esteem, and Sociocultural Ideals in College Students and Graduates
The prevalence of eating disorders (ED) in the United States has increased while the media consistently presents thinner representations of the body. Scholars have found media to negatively influence factors associated with the development of EDs. The purpose of this quantitative nonexperimental cross-sectional survey design study was to explore relationships between exposure levels to MLE and self-esteem, body esteem, and the internalization societal appearance ideals. Participants included undergraduate students or recent graduates majoring in either communications or an alternative major with comparatively less MLE curriculum. The Body Esteem Scale, Sociocultural Attitudes towards Appearance Questionnaire-3, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale Surveys were administered online to examine the variance of 3 dependent variables (self-esteem, body esteem, internalization of societal appearance norms) with 2 independent variables (exposure levels to media literacy curriculum and gender), and a multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Results displayed statistically significant differences between all 3 dependent variables with MLE levels. Research in MLE benefits both adults and children by way of providing the necessary tools, knowledge, and skills to be able to fully benefit from various media sources. MLE provides an opportunity to better understand media messages, as well as its influences therein, this way rather than being vulnerable and easily manipulated, one becomes a more knowledgeable and aware media consumer. The results to this study can promote, advocate, and bring awareness to media consumers and today's educators of the importance and need of MLE curriculum beginning at a young age.


GaoGaiGar-Betterman Wiki
Dividing Driver
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Cleanup Go! Carpenters!
Dividing driver
Dividing Driver
The first GGG-built tool completed for GaoGaiGar's use - developed from schematics that were used in Genesic GaoGaiGar's Bolting Driver. Utilizes the power of GaoGaiGar's "holy" (Protect) left arm to energize and discharge the tool's "Dividing Core," which emits a shockwave based on "Dividing Energy" that bends material space (land, air, water, electromagnetic barriers, but not an airless environment) to create a circular "Dividing Field" of 10 kilometers in diameter from the leading edge of its target impact. (The "Dividing Field" itself is actually a paired reaction, formed of an "Arresting Field" and a "Repression Field" that expand simultaneously.) This area of bent space (kuukan) allows GaoGaiGar to fight his opponents within it without risk of collateral damage to the surrounding area.
The Dividing Field collapses after thirty minutes, restoring the area to normal; if an object of consequential size is left within the field after that time, the act of the field collapse will crush it, causing a gigantic explosion.
The Dividing Driver is easily the most oftenand creatively-used of the tools at GaoGaiGar's disposal: it has also been used to open a Zonder from inside (Episode 8); create an ocean depth-resistant "bubble" (Episode 10); open a hole in a cave ceiling (Episode 11); increase the distance between GaoGaiGar and a massive cannon shell (Episode 16); and break out of a Dividing Field-based "Klein Space" in conjunction with the Gatling Driver (Episode 46).
The Dividing Driver resembles a flat-bladed chisel mounted to a cylindrical gauntlet, creating an oversized flat-head screwdriver. It is usually launched from the Mirror Catapult on board the Triple-Decked Flying Carrier (and later Division I: Izanagi); GaoGaiGar intercepts the flight path of the tool and connects with it in midair.
As the Dividing Core within the Dividing Driver is built to be fully discharged with each use, it can only hold one use's worth of energy at a time.
In King of Braves GaoGaiGar FINAL, a modular version of the Dividing Driver and Gatling Driver is built for GaoFighGar's use, separating the "bit" and the Dividing Core. The Dividing Driver configuration is referred to as "Kit number 03" (Kitto numbaa zero-san) and is launched from Division VII: Tsukuyomi.
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text:
Beautification Water Conservation Dryland Irrigated Native Food Plot Wildfire Resistant Erosion Control
Native to US:
Seeding Rate: 5 lbs. / Acre
A close relative of Canby bluegrass, this cool-season perennial bunchgrass is native to the Intermountain West region. It produces short tufts and rarely grows over one foot tall. It is highly valued for its reclamation use and is able to compete against cheatgrass in wildfire damaged areas. Sandberg bluegrass is drought resistant and tolerant of a wide variety of soil conditions. It also provides good forage in the spring. It can be grown without irrigation in areas with at least 8 inches of annual precipitation.


Figure 1.
Active wake closely follows oscillating OX-A levels across preclinical species. The time course of OX-A levels in CSF and active wake were highest during the dark phase in nocturnal rodents (A) and during the light phase in diurnal species (B). Mean OX-A levels and time spent in active wake are plotted ± standard error of the mean (SEM) over a 24-h period (dark period shaded) for 6-h and 30-min intervals, respectively. OX-A levels were determined by meso-scale immunoassay at 6-h time points in mice (n = 3; 50 pooled CSF samples each), rats (n = 8 samples each), dogs (n = 8 samples each), and rhesus monkeys (n = 8 samples for ported animals, each). Mean time in active wake under baseline conditions was determined by EEG from telemeterized mice (6 days, n = 7), rats (6 days, n = 7), dogs (10 days, n = 6), and rhesus monkeys (5 days, n = 7).
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text:
Another method of filtering projects or activities in Activity Center is by dates.
- Start date
- End date
- Creation date
- Actual completion date
Filtering procedure is essentially whatever date you want to filter by. What is described below is for project start date.
To filter projects by start date:
- Open Activity Center.
- Click the advanced filters button ().
- Go to Resources & Constraints tab.
- Under Dates, click the 'More' button to access available date filters.
- Select the appropriate filter (Project start date).
- Select one or both of two options:
- Under Filter by timeframe, select an option and click 'Apply'.
- Under Filter by period, select a date range and click 'Apply'.
- The list will be updated to show only projects that meet the selected filter.
The filters appears as a box above the project list.
To cancel the active filter or filters, close the respective box(es) by clicking the 'X' at their top right corner.


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EC Sales list – Getting it right!
What is an EC Sales List?
Any VAT registered business in the United Kingdom which supplies goods or services to VAT registered customers in another country within the European Union (EU), must report these supplies to HM Revenue and Customs.
An EC Sales List includes three separate pieces of information:-
- The customer's country code
- Details of the EU Customer
- The sterling value of the supplies made
During the specified reporting period (i.e. monthly, quarterly, annually) a line for each customer, for each type of supply, will need to be entered for all the VAT registered EU businesses that you have entered into transactions with. The details that you will need to enter will be already be set up in an easy to use format using H M Revenue and Customers online service:-
- Two letter country code – for example, France will be FR
- The customer's VAT registration number
- The value of the goods and services will need to be entered in sterling and not the foreign currency amount. Furthermore, these are to the nearest pound so no need to worry about pence!
- Finally, there is an indicator column where you need to let HMRC know whether you have supplied goods or services. Enter a '0' in the indicator column for goods or a '3' for services. You could also potentially have to enter a '2' where triangulation has taken place. This is where you have supplied goods but they were not handled by yourself and one of your suppliers has directly sent them to your customer.
All the bullet points above are summarised in this easy to follow table when submitting an EC Sales List:-
Checking VAT numbers
Before you go to the HMRC website to submit an EC Sales List, you must ensure that all your information is accurate. As a result, it is crucial that the EU VAT numbers that your customers supply you with are correct. It is surprising how often the incorrect information is supplied, so it's vital that you know these numbers are valid and you have confirmation that these customers are based in the EU.
It is extremely important that these EU VAT numbers are checked thoroughly. A popular website used for this exercise is _URL_ and will make sure that all this information can be verified in a quick and efficient manner!
This will apply for every new customer.
EC Sales Lists can be straightforward provided you know what you're doing and you anticipate it coming. Should you need any help, please do not hesitate to contact us.
The information in this article is believed to be factually correct at the time of writing and publication, but is not intended to constitute advice. No liability is accepted for any loss howsoever arising as a result of the contents of this article. Specific advice should be sought before entering into, or refraining from entering into any transaction.


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The Hillsborough County Environmental Protection Commission is stepping up its monitoring of water quality at Cypress Creek.
Recent cases of construction runoff from a giant mall project polluting the creek, a state-designated Outstanding Florida Water, have alarmed Hillsborough's environmental watchdogs.
The creek feeds Hillsborough's drinking water supply.
Developer Richard E. Jacobs Group is building Cypress Creek Town Center, a 1-million-square-foot mall at Interstate 75 and State Road 56. State, county and federal officials have charged the builder with allowing construction discharge to illegally muddy the nearby creek at least twice in the past five months.
Hillsborough environmental officials will now collect turbidity data - which measures murkiness - every other week when there is no rain, and daily when it rains, said Bob Owens, a supervisor with the EPC. The EPC used to check turbidity only when citizens complained or on random visits, Owens said.
The commission will also increase the number of its monitoring sites from one to three, including two in Pasco it never had before.
It used to take readings only where the creek crosses the county line from Pasco to Hillsborough.
Now, the EPC will add a monitoring site where the creek runs next to the mall and another just north of State Road 54, upstream from the mall.
The idea is to get a better picture of how the turbidity - measured in something called "nephelometric turbidity units," or NTUs - fluctuates before, at and after the mall site.
"Any increase in turbidity over the normal NTU levels is considered a violation of Hillsborough water quality rules," Owens said. "With the status of the Outstanding Florida Water, any increase is worrying."
Generally, EPC officials have taken readings that measured between 3 to 5 NTUs. Zero is the least turbid. A reading taken Jan. 25, after the discharges from the mall site, measured 6 NTUs.
That's still not quite enough data for the EPC to build a strong case, which is why Owens is now adding monitoring stations and the frequency of his checks.
"What's abnormal is a man-made increase in the turbidity value," he said.
Mall officials didn't respond to a call for comment on the EPC's new measures.
The question is: What can the EPC do with the data, since its jurisdiction ends at the Hillsborough County line?
"That's a good question," said Rick Tschantz, the commission's attorney. "We'll work with the state and federal agencies as the lead agencies. But if we see something's not happening, we'll go on our own authority. It's hard legally, but I'm not saying it's impossible."
It wouldn't be the first time the EPC took action beyond county lines, Tschantz said.
In December 1997, it joined state and federal officials in enforcement action after 55-million gallons of acidic water spilled into the Alafia River from the Mulberry Phosphate fertilizer plant in Polk County and caused a massive fish kill.
Chuin-Wei Yap can be reached at _EMAIL_ or _PHONE_.


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ESDC Course on Comprehensive Protection of Civilians (CPOC)
Graduates of this course will be provided with a comprehensive understanding of the multiple dimensions and meanings of the protection of civilians.
Courses open for application
08 - 12 November 2021 Online Apply until 19 September 2021
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Participants will enhance knowledge of the actors and their roles and responsibilities in Protection of Civilians and will be in position to identify options for coordination and synergies in the implementation of protection for civilians. They will be able to analyze the specific threats to and the needs and rights of different vulnerable groups of civilians affected by armed conflict to develop and implement context-sensitive, comprehensive, integrated strategies and measures to improve situation of civilians in armed conflict.
The comprehensive approach is also reflected in the high level trainer team which includes international senior civilian, military and police experts, who are present throughout the course and share their practical experience from peace missions and complex emergencies with the participants.
The interactive training style and the high student teacher ratio allows for a maximum learning experience. Furthermore, course participants are drawn from ongoing peace missions all over the world and contribute with the various backgrounds to excellent networking and professional exchange opportunities.
Target group
For midto senior level civilian, military or police experts working directly with or in the context of peace support operations and complex emergencies
Five to seven years work experience with or in the context of a peace mission in a complex emergency context
In Cooperation with


Edit > Translate Image
Translates the image by a specified X and Y pixel distance.
Pixels that end up outside the image's new location are set to 0, resulting in black regions in a grayscale image and selected regions in a binary image.
1. X-Shift
Pixels to shift in X-direction
2. Y-Shift
Pixels to shift in Y-direction
3. Padding
Choose to use black or white padding when translating the image
Tips
 - You can create image borders to use as a 'Companion' by selecting: Blank > Translate Image.
 - Example: Blank > Translate: can generate a 1 pixel boundary line that you can use to isolate features touching a single edge.
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Definition: Kaizen costing is a technique of controlling the cost incurred over unproductive activities and resources which does not add any value to the organization. In simple words, it is a practical approach to solving cost-related problems to improve the overall efficiency of the organization.
Kaizen costing is implemented in business organizations to manage different types of costs in a business:
The cost of the supply chain, including administration, order procurement, inventory and transportation costs can be controlled through kaizen costing. It regulates all the cost incurred in the production of goods or services, including the cost of machinery, tools, labour, raw material and other equipment.
Cost of acquiring a patent, license, registration fees, hiring of chartered accountant and all other legal formalities require kaizen costing. At the same time, it is also applicable at the time of redesigning of any product which involves cost on research, analysis, hiring of expert personnel, etc.
Human resource is another essential arena which is covered by this technique. It functions to manage the cost of hiring skilled employees, their training and development and retention.
With the help of kaizen costing, the wastage of raw material and time of the labour can be controlled by improving the business operations. The organization also incurs cost on disposal of the waste or defective products. Kaizen costing provides a solution through reusability of the waste and improving the production efficiency to reduce the manufacturing of faulty products.
Thus we can say that the cost of product promotion, advertisement, dispatch, selling and distribution, transportation, recruitment of marketing staff, etc. can all be monitored through kaizen costing.
Content: Kaizen Costing
Types of Kaizen Costing
Kaizen costing can be on a mass level for any fixed asset or the whole organization. Or it can be product-based, i.e., transforming the product or its process of manufacturing. Let us understand each of these types in details below:
- Asset Specific: The asset and organization-specific kaizen costing focuses on the need for a particular deal or the business unit.
- Product Specific: The activity which is project or product-oriented, aiming at value analysis is termed as product-specific kaizen costing.
5S in Kaizen Costing
Workplace improvement, especially in the production or manufacturing unit, is not possible without the application of 5S kaizen technique. It involves the following five steps:
The first step in the 5S approach is categorizing the items based on their necessity. The unnecessary items should be labelled red and needs to be moved out of the organization. These items can be sold to the staff or as scrap else can be dumped by the organization.
Now, the organization is left with essential items. These have to be arranged in an orderly manner for simplifying the operations. This step improves the visibility, availability and accessibility of all the tools and items.
Shine here refers to maintaining cleanliness in the workplace. It creates a positive work environment for the employees.
One of the most vital tasks is to establish standards for cleanliness, usability and maintaining the placement of items in day to day business operations.
The final step is to communicate and educate the employees about the changes made. Thus, developing a sense of self-control and discipline among them to maintain and follow the set standards.
Kaizen Costing Process
Now that we know about the kaizen costing, you must be wondering How is kaizen costing applied in real life?
To elaborate on the step by step procedure of practising the kaizen costing to enhance the efficiency of the business operations, read below:
Involve Your Employees: The involvement of employees plays a vital role in implementing any change. The participation of employees and their feedback helps in generating ideas and information. It also eliminates the resistance to change from their side.
Find Problems: The organization together with its employees of all the departments (such as customer support, finance, human resource, production, design, etc.), needs to find out the various problems in the organization with the help of techniques like 360-degree feedback.
Think and Find Solutions: The next step is solving the identified problems. This step needs a lot of brainstorming and tactical approach; therefore, managers form a team of ingenious employees to find out a practical solution to each question.
Implement: Implementing any change involves cost and risk simultaneously. Therefore to be on a safer side, the new idea must be testified on a small part of the organization.
Check: The managers need to look after the proper implementation of the kaizen costing. That is, a new idea should not just remain in words; instead, it should be practically applied to the business process.
Standardize: After being satisfied with the results, the organization needs to set this change as a standard procedure for all the departments and across the whole organization.
Repeat: A standardized procedure becomes the organizational culture when continuously practised over a period.
Advantages of Kaizen Costing
When we talk about the benefits of kaizen costing, the first thing that clicks in our mind is that it improves business efficiency by reducing the various types of cost involved in running an organization.
The various advantages of kaizen costing are as follows:
- Customer Satisfaction: The kaizen costing is a customer-oriented technique which focusses on providing better service to the consumers.
- Forming Work Teams: Every employee involved in the implementation of the kaizen practice needs to perform in a work team with a common aim of improvement.
- Continuous Improvement: Kaizen costing is a technique which emphasizes on improvement and betterment of the product, process, project and the organization.
- Creates Better Work Environment: It also promotes a positive work environment for the employees and the management. Like, sharing canteen and the dress code, is a part of work culture in many organizations.
- Problem Solving: One of the crucial functions of kaizen costing is to solve the identified problem to achieve perfection in business operations.
- Promotes Cross-Functional Teams: The teams so formed include employees with different skills and knowledge; thus, this technique encourages the formation of a cross-functional team.
- Widely Applicable: Kaizen costing is universally applicable to all kinds of organizations, whether it is service industry or manufacturing industry.
- Reduces Wastage: Due to better time management and material management in kaizen costing technique, the wastage of time and resources can be avoided.
Drawbacks of Kaizen Costing
Kaizen costing is a positive change process though there are some severe disadvantages of it which makes it a risky affair. Following are some of these:
- The burden on Lower Level Management: It becomes confusing and tedious for the bottom level management to adopt the change in process or product so implemented through kaizen costing.
- Lack of Training: Kaizen costing requires a lot of expertise and training, and if not implemented strategically, it may even lead to adverse effects.
- Permanent Change System: The change so implemented through kaizen costing is irreversible, and it requires a lot of efforts and cost in withdrawing such decisions.
Nestle is one of the most renowned foods and beverage company producing a wide range of products including baby food, dairy products, medical food, tea and coffee, snacks, confectionery, ice-creams, mineral water and many more.
The company used the kaizen costing technique for attaining lean production, and the approach was stated as Nestle Continuous Excellence (NCE).
In this process, Nestle addressed its problem of wastage and time consumed in the production to improve the efficiency of the company. Less wastage means incurring a low cost, better profit margin, high output and proper utilization of resources.
Nestle was able to reduce wastage in the production of FMCG and also successfully decreased the time consumed in the manufacturing of the products.


Version: 2018.4
Built-in shader helper functions
Making multiple shader program variants
Built-in shader variables
Unity provides a handful of built-in global variables for your shadersA small script that contains the mathematical calculations and algorithms for calculating the Color of each pixel rendered, based on the lighting input and the Material configuration. More info
See in Glossary
: things like current object's transformation matrices, light parameters, current time and so on. You use them in shader programs like any other variable, the only difference is that you don't have to declare them - they are all declared in UnityShaderVariables.cginc include file that is included automatically.
Transformations
All these matrices are float4x4 type.
Name Value
UNITY_MATRIX_MVP Current model * view * projection matrix.
UNITY_MATRIX_MV Current model * view matrix.
UNITY_MATRIX_V Current view matrix.
UNITY_MATRIX_P Current projection matrix.
UNITY_MATRIX_VP Current view * projection matrix.
UNITY_MATRIX_T_MV Transpose of model * view matrix.
UNITY_MATRIX_IT_MV Inverse transpose of model * view matrix.
unity_ObjectToWorld Current model matrix.
unity_WorldToObject Inverse of current world matrix.
Camera and screen
These variables will correspond to the CameraA component which creates an image of a particular viewpoint in your scene. The output is either drawn to the screen or captured as a texture. More info
See in Glossary
that is renderingThe process of drawing graphics to the screen (or to a render texture). By default, the main camera in Unity renders its view to the screen. More info
See in Glossary
. For example during shadowmap rendering, they will still refer to the Camera component values, and not the "virtual camera" that is used for the shadowmap projection.
Name Type Value
_WorldSpaceCameraPos float3 World space position of the camera.
_ProjectionParams float4 x is 1.0 (or –1.0 if currently rendering with a flipped projection matrix), y is the camera's near plane, z is the camera's far plane and w is 1/FarPlane.
_ScreenParams float4 x is the width of the camera's target texture in pixelsThe smallest unit in a computer image. Pixel size depends on your screen resolution. Pixel lighting is calculated at every screen pixel. More info
See in Glossary
, y is the height of the camera's target texture in pixels, z is 1.0 + 1.0/width and w is 1.0 + 1.0/height.
_ZBufferParams float4 Used to linearize Z buffer values. x is (1-far/near), y is (far/near), z is (x/far) and w is (y/far).
unity_OrthoParams float4 x is orthographic camera's width, y is orthographic camera's height, z is unused and w is 1.0 when camera is orthographic, 0.0 when perspective.
unity_CameraProjection float4x4 Camera's projection matrix.
unity_CameraInvProjection float4x4 Inverse of camera's projection matrix.
unity_CameraWorldClipPlanes[6] float4 Camera frustum plane world space equations, in this order: left, right, bottom, top, near, far.
Time
Name Type Value
_Time float4 Time since level load (t/20, t, t*2, t*3), use to animate things inside the shaders.
_SinTime float4 Sine of time: (t/8, t/4, t/2, t).
_CosTime float4 Cosine of time: (t/8, t/4, t/2, t).
unity_DeltaTime float4 Delta time: (dt, 1/dt, smoothDt, 1/smoothDt).
Lighting
Light parameters are passed to shaders in different ways depending on which Rendering PathThe technique Unity uses to render graphics. Choosing a different path affects the performance of your game, and how lighting and shading are calculated. Some paths are more suited to different platforms and hardware than others. More info
See in Glossary
is used, and which LightMode Pass Tag is used in the shader.
Forward renderingA rendering path that renders each object in one or more passes, depending on lights that affect the object. Lights themselves are also treated differently by Forward Rendering, depending on their settings and intensity. More info
See in Glossary
(ForwardBase and ForwardAdd pass types):
Name Type Value
_LightColor0 (declared in UnityLightingCommon.cginc) fixed4 Light color.
_WorldSpaceLightPos0 float4 Directional lights: (world space direction, 0). Other lights: (world space position, 1).
_LightMatrix0 (declared in AutoLight.cginc) float4x4 World-to-light matrix. Used to sample cookie & attenuation textures.
unity_4LightPosX0, unity_4LightPosY0, unity_4LightPosZ0 float4 (ForwardBase pass only) world space positions of first four non-important point lights.
unity_4LightAtten0 float4 (ForwardBase pass only) attenuation factors of first four non-important point lights.
unity_LightColor half4[4] (ForwardBase pass only) colors of of first four non-important point lights.
unity_WorldToShadow float4x4[4] World-to-shadow matrices. One matrix for spot lights, up to four for directional light cascades.
Deferred shading and deferred lighting, used in the lighting pass shader (all declared in UnityDeferredLibrary.cginc):
Name Type Value
_LightColor float4 Light color.
_LightMatrix0 float4x4 World-to-light matrix. Used to sample cookie & attenuation textures.
unity_WorldToShadow float4x4[4] World-to-shadow matrices. One matrix for spot lights, up to four for directional light cascades.
Spherical harmonics coefficients (used by ambient and light probes) are set up for ForwardBase, PrePassFinal and Deferred pass types. They contain 3rd order SH to be evaluated by world space normal (see ShadeSH9 from UnityCG.cginc). The variables are all half4 type, unity_SHAr and similar names.
Vertex-lit rendering (Vertex pass type):
Up to 8 lights are set up for a Vertex pass type; always sorted starting from the brightest one. So if you want to render objects affected by two lights at once, you can just take first two entries in the arrays. If there are less lights affecting the object than 8, the rest will have their color set to black.
Name Type Value
unity_LightColor half4[8] Light colors.
unity_LightPosition float4[8] View-space light positions. (-direction,0) for directional lights; (position,1) for point/spot lights.
unity_LightAtten half4[8] Light attenuation factors. x is cos(spotAngle/2) or –1 for non-spot lights; y is 1/cos(spotAngle/4) or 1 for non-spot lights; z is quadratic attenuation; w is squared light range.
unity_SpotDirection float4[8] View-space spot light positions; (0,0,1,0) for non-spot lights.
Fog and Ambient
Name Type Value
unity_AmbientSky fixed4 Sky ambient lighting color in gradient ambient lighting case.
unity_AmbientEquator fixed4 Equator ambient lighting color in gradient ambient lighting case.
unity_AmbientGround fixed4 Ground ambient lighting color in gradient ambient lighting case.
UNITY_LIGHTMODEL_AMBIENT fixed4 Ambient lighting color (sky color in gradient ambient case). Legacy variable.
unity_FogColor fixed4 Fog color.
unity_FogParams float4 Parameters for fog calculation: (density / sqrt(ln(2)), density / ln(2), –1/(end-start), end/(end-start)). x is useful for Exp2 fog mode, y for Exp mode, z and w for Linear mode.
Various
Name Type Value
unity_LODFade float4 Level-of-detail fade when using LODGroup. x is fade (0..1), y is fade quantized to 16 levels, z and w unused.
_TextureSampleAdd float4 Set automatically by Unity for UI(User Interface) Allows a user to interact with your application. More info
See in Glossary
only
based on whether the texture being used is in Alpha8 format (the value is set to (1,1,1,0)) or not (the value is set to (0,0,0,0)).
Built-in shader helper functions
Making multiple shader program variants
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text:
Improvement plan for private hospital
The Problem: Weak profitability of a key asset within a private hospital portfolio
Our client, a leading UK Private Hospital Operator, had identified an underperforming asset within its network, and approached Credo for support in determining why the hospital was operating at below its target revenue and target margin, and for support in identifying measures to improve the financial performance.
Our Approach: Review of utilisation and profitability, development and impact modelling of potential improvement scenarios
The hospital was believed to be underutilised, with a mixture of procedures and specialties – some of which were believed to be far more profitable than others. Our approach therefore involved supporting the development of a cost allocation model that calculated the profitability of individual procedures, and undertaking a review of hospital utilisation by key department and specialty.
This allowed us to identify procedures or groups of procedures that were low margin and / or resource intensive. We worked closely with hospital management to understand the interdependencies between procedures, specialties, funder groups and individual surgeons and the risks associated with realigning the activity-mix of the hospital. We worked with the client to develop a number of potential scenarios for the hospital going forwards, and we modelled the financial impact of each, allowing the creation of a performance improvement plan.
The Result: Strong understanding of current performance, improvement plan created
The findings of the profitability review were embraced by Clinical and Non-clinical Hospital Management, and a process to realign the activity-mix of the hospital and review options for the development of adjacent services was undertaken.


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|Birth: ||Jul. 9, 1908, Russia|
|Death: ||Feb. 3, 1999, England|
She was born Galina Ampenova. She was a Mother Superior of The Convent of the Annunciation in London. Born in Russia, she lived in Moscow until the revolution pushed her family into emigration to England. In 1940 she joined the Monastery of Gesthemene in Palestine where she became a nun. After the state of Israel was created, the monastery had to move around and eventually she found herself in England where together with other nuns she founded The Convent of the Annunciation, the first Orthodox Womens Convent.
London Borough of Ealing
Greater London, England
Created by: julia&keld
Record added: Oct 29, 2008
Find A Grave Memorial# 30961242