text: We investigated the thermodynamical properties of water exchanged in poly(L-glutamic acid)/poly(allylamine)hydrochloride (PGA/PAH) polyelectrolyte multilayers containing ferrocyanide. Oxidation/reduction of the ferrocyanide in the multilayer caused a reversible swelling/contraction of the film due to the uptake/release of counter ions and water. We used electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance and electrochemical microcalorimetry to correlate the amount of water with the accompanying entropy changes during electrochemical swelling of the multilayer for a series of different anions at different concentrations. The number of exchanged water molecules was highly dependent on the ionic strength and the type of anion in the buffer solution. However, the entropy change per exchanged water molecule was found to be independent of these two parameters. The water molecules in the polyelectrolyte multilayer have reduced the entropy compared to that of bulk water (≈−1 J mol−1 K−1). A comparison of hydration entropies for free polyelectrolytes and PGA/PAH multilayers suggests that such systems are mainly stabilized by water release during multilayer construction.


text:
Constitutionalism: A Skeptical View
New York University School of Law
May 1, 2012
NYU School of Law, Public Law Research Paper No. 10-87
This paper examines the ideology that goes by the name of "constitutionalism." The first part of the paper considers the significance of "written constitutions" The second part of the paper casts a skeptical eye at conceptions of constitutionalisim that emphasize "limited" government. Once "limited government" is contrasted carefully with "restrained government" (restraints upon specific actions by government) and with "controlled government" (e.g. insistence upon democratic control), we see that the association of constitutionalism with general limitations on the scope of government ought to make it a much more controversial ideal than the general anodyne acceptance of the term "constitutionalism" might lead us to expect. Finally, the anti-democratic implications of constitutionalism are explored. The paper argues that, by insisting on limited government, constitutionalism downplays the important role that constitutions have to perform in the modern world in establishing and securing specifically democratic authority.
Number of Pages in PDF File: 46
Keywords: authority, constitution, constitutionalism, constitutional law, democracy, judicial review, limited government, rights, written constitutionAccepted Paper Series
Date posted: December 11, 2010 ; Last revised: May 5, 2012
© 2013 Social Science Electronic Publishing, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


ORIGINAL ARTICLE The Dilemma of Irrational Antibiotic and Corticosteroid Prescription in Iran: How Much It Can Affect the Medicine Expenditures?
N Dopeykar, Parisa Mehdizadeh, Nooredin Dopeykar, Mohammad Meskarpour-Amiri, Hediyeh Zekri, Mahmoud Salesi
2017 Acta Med Iran unpublished
In recent years the high cost of medicines and the lack of it were one of the major problems in developing countries that despite numerous efforts to solve the root causes of this problem, the issue remains, unfortunately. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the impact of antibiotics and corticosteroids prescription on the medicines expenditures. This was descriptive-analytical study that conducted to assess the function of medical expenditures through prescription letters and analysis the
more »... and analysis the factors affecting medicine expenditures. We used the data of 91,994,667 selected prescription letters that were collected by the Ministry of the Health and Medical Education (MOHME) throughout the country in the year 2011 which was analyzed through a logarithmic regression model and OLS estimator. The average number of prescription items in each prescription letter were varied from 2.7 to 3.6, and the average price of each letter was varied from 30223 to 69986 Rials. Between 39 to 61 percent of prescription letters containing antibiotic items and between 15 and 35% of them contain corticosteroids. Also, the impact of antibiotic and corticosteroid prescriptions on the average expenditure of prescription letters were-1.4 and 0.032 respectively. Excessive and irrational prescribing had the greatest impact on medicine expenditures. On the other hand, the expenditure of prescription letters had the negative elasticity to antibiotics prescription and relatively inelastic for corticosteroids. So, raising the price of medications to reduce the use of them could not play a successful role in a control policy.


text:
Target Completion Date: January 31, 2025 Structures
This project will focus on experimental evaluation of structural adhesives intended for filling gaps in steel bridges to prevent crevice corrosion and improve the loading conditions. The study will incorporate both bulk material testing of selected structural adhesives and structural testing of steel connections. The material properties to be evaluated include compressive strength and creep behavior under sustained compressive and environmental loads. The compressive creep tests will also be conducted to quantify the compressibility of structural adhesives considering environmental loading. The slip coefficient of adhesives in slip-critical bolted connections will be determined through slip tests, while the slip performance of adhesives in a slip-critical connection subject to sustained tensile and environmental loading will be evaluated through tensile creep tests. The project will also include field investigations on previously implemented structural adhesives to report their performance to date.
Last updated: December 10, 2023

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
There's no doubt that Wyoming the January cold and signature Wyoming winds make winter in the Cowboy State downright frigid.
But that might just work in our favor, according to a recent study that says the "refrigerator effect" might help to slow the aging process, while also killing off dangerous insects and bacteria that may otherwise survive in warmer climates.
Dr. Laura Archuleta is a family physician at CHI St Alexius Health in Mandan, North Dakota, who has followed research that poses the theory that people who live in colder climates may live longer.
Dr. Archuleta, who was raised in Douglas, Wyoming, works primarily with geriatrics, so this type of research is of interest, especially given her residency in one of the coldest states in the United States – except for last month, when Wyoming was hit with an especially severe Arctic blast.
"My sister-in-law sent me a snap of her windshield, and it was minus 32," said Archuleta, who still has family in Wyoming. "I was all excited because we were actually at 6 above that day, so we were 30 degrees warmer than you."
More Than Two Years Longer
In research compiled as recently as two years ago, it was determined that people living in cooler regions of the world may live an average of 2.2163 years longer than those who don't.
That takes into consideration factors such as gender, ethnicity, pollution, climate change, literacy rate, health care access and income level, along with lifestyle choices such as exercise, alcohol, smoking and diet.
Archuleta said that cold temperatures encourage cell growth, which is essential for longevity.
"The study talks about the (cold's) effect on mitochondria, and we know that mitochondria are what drives cell growth," she said. "The human body is constantly in a state of renewal, where cells are dying and reproducing.
"And so the theory makes sense, that having more robust mitochondria is going to drive better cell growth, which is going to help with healing processes."
Other Benefits Of Living In a Colder Climate
Colder weather can keep us looking younger as well, according to some experts.
Cold weather can act as a tonic or astringent, reducing acne and keeping pores less visible. It can improve sleep, as nighttime temperatures that are too high can cause people to toss and turn rather than mimicking the body's natural drop in internal temperature while we sleep. Cold weather also can reduce inflammation, acting like a natural ice pack.
On the other hand, exposure to heat can destroy collagen and elastin fibers in the skin, causing it to become thinner and weaker, which can lead to premature wrinkling.
Additionally, while you might be more likely to catch a cold, you're safe from any insect-born diseases that are more prevalent in warmer climates.
Zika and malaria are nonexistent in cooler places like Wyoming, and West Nile isn't an issue in the colder months.
Not Everyone Agrees
Not all experts agree that living in colder climates could contribute to a longer life.
Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention consistently shows that excessive cold presents a greater threat to life than excessive heat.
Dr. Archuleta pointed out that living in cold climates can reduce the amount of sunlight a person receives, which means lower amounts of Vitamin D – a nutrient essential for strengthening the immune system, lowering blood pressure and reducing the risk of heart disease, among other benefits.
She said that when her family moved to North Dakota, the reduced amount of sunlight was hard to get used to.
"As a Wyoming girl, that was really tough to get used to, because I would say the sun sets probably a good hour earlier in the evenings during the winter in North Dakota, compared to where it does in Wyoming," said Archuleta, who pointed out that is showing that Vitamin D has a much greater impact on bone health and overall wellness than previously research thought.
"And it's not just the length of sunlight, it's your distance from the equator," she added, explaining that at higher latitudes, sunlight is less direct, "which means we don't absorb as much of the UV rays – so we do definitely have lower vitamin D levels."
Data Is Inconclusive
While the study itself is interesting, Dr. Archuleta said people in colder climates living longer is not a theory that's been adopted by the medical community as a whole.
"I don't know that it's anything set in stone," she said. "It's kind of a fun theory, and I think it'll be interesting to see where it goes."


text:
audio example by a male speaker
audio example by a female speaker
the above transcription of credo is a detailed (narrow) transcription according to the rules of the International Phonetic Association; you can find a description of each symbol by clicking the phoneme buttons in the secction below.
press buttons with phonetic symbols to learn how to precisely pronounce each sound of credo
press the "test" button to check how closely you can replicate the pitch of a native speaker in your pronunciation of credo
An example use of credo in a speech by a native speaker of british english:
"… named credo Nia Marin de claims that she …"
the word credo occurs in english on average 0.7 times per one million words; this frequency warrants it to be in the study list for C2+ level of language mastery according to CEFR, the Common European Framework of Reference.
it is hard to perfectly classify words into specific topics since each word can have many context of its use, but our machine-learning models believe that credo can be often used in the following areas:
1) communication, information, and media;

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
We report controllable manipulation of slow and fast light in a whispering-gallery-mode microtoroid resonator fabricated from Erbium (Er3+) doped silica. We observe continuous transition of the coupling between the fiber-taper waveguide and the microresonator from undercoupling to critical coupling and then to overcoupling regimes by increasing the pump power even though the spatial distance between the resonator and the waveguide was kept fixed. This, in turn, enables switching from fast to slow light and vice versa just by increasing the optical gain. An enhancement of delay of two-fold over the passive silica resonator (no optical gain) was observed in the slow light regime. Moreover, we show dynamic pulse splitting and its control in slow/fast light systems using optical gain.
|Original language||English (US)|
|Journal||Applied Physics Letters|
|State||Published - May 2 2016|
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)


[tlhIngan Hol] difference between -meH and -wI' in purpose-clause compound nouns
SuStel sustel at trimboli.name
Thu Jun 1 09:02:12 PDT 2017
On 6/1/2017 4:45 AM, Lieven wrote:
> first of all, how would you linguistically call that what I am talking
> about?
In your subject, you call these things "purpose-clause compound nouns."
Strictly speaking, none of these are compound nouns, which in TKD are
individual words consisting of multiple nouns. All of your examples may
be described as noun phrases, but you can't get more specific when
describing all of them. They break down into purpose clauses and
genitive phrases.
> I have noticed that some words are translated like {pe'meH taj}
> "cutting knife", while others use -wI': {toSwI' qal'aq} "jungle gym".
> And then, sometimes I wondered, why -wI' and not -meH?
> Of course, all phrases make sense in both ways, but is there a
> difference? Why is it not {toSmeH qal'aq} "structure for climbing"?
> Why say {chevwI' tlhoy'} and not {chevmeH tlhoy'} for "territiorial
> wall"?
> "suntan lotion" is translated as {DIr QanwI' taS} - why not {DIr
> QanmeH taS}?
> What do you think about that?
I think it's arbitrary, and you just have to learn which way it's said.
I also think you wouldn't be particularly wrong if you said *chevmeH
tlhoy'* instead of *chevwI' tlhoy',* for example. It would be like the
difference between /border wall/ and /wall of the border:/ one is said
and the other isn't, but the other is still perfectly understandable.
> Next, I think there is also a difference between combinations where
> the meH-ed verb directly influences the noun (pe'meH taj means that
> the knife is for cutting) while other situations are just real
> noun-noun combinations (as in {nISwI' DaH} which is a "array of
> disruptors" and not a "array to disrupt").
> I'm just lacking the right terms to say what I think, so maybe you can
> clarify.
Genitive is a broad concept, and Klingon noun-nouns seem to embrace that
breadth. You seem to be sensing sub-types of genitive. Here's a page
that breaks down various types that appear in Latin:
. Klingon grammar treats
them all the same.
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Published January 19, 2013
CCP has posted the changes to Black Ops that will be implemented in Retribution 1.1. Those changes are:
 - Increase the base jump range of all Black Ops ships to 3.5 light years (equal to that of Titans)
 - Reduce the mass multiplier used for Covert Jump Portal fuel costs from 0.00000018 to 0.000000135 (Reduces the fuel cost of covert bridges by 25%)
 - Increase the fuel bay on all Black Ops to 1250m3 (25% increase)
While these are just numbers, it's important to understand how major some of these changes are.
The Minor Changes
The increase in the fuel bay size equates directly into a 25% buff to fuel capacity, from 6,666 units of isotopes up to 8,333. Meanwhile, the mass multiplier is reduced by 25%. The effects of that are equally straightforward - fuel consumption scales with mass, so a smaller multiplier means less fuel per jump. However, it's not all good news - taking full advantage of the increased bridge range results in an overall higher fuel consumption. For example, take a Hound. With a mass of 1.42 million kilograms (including the added mass from the MWD), it currently costs 207 units of isotopes to bridge the ship to the maximum 4.5 light year range. A bridge to that same range after the changes only costs 155 units, but bridging to the new max range (7.875 light years) costs 271 isotopes. The net effect is actually a reduction in the total number of max-range bridges a Black Ops ship can make, though it's small; if the pilot wanted to strand his ship, he could bridge that Hound to max range 30 times after the patch, as compared to 32 times now.
The Major Change
Enough about the numbers. What does the range buff mean in real terms? For this example, I'm going to use the system Q-CAB in Tribute. The system is a regional gate to Venal, and the distance between the two regions is relatively low.
In the picture below you see the current Black Ops bridge range. Systems with the red squares and circles are within range of Q-CAB. Note how the Venal cannot be reached to the north, and large chunks of Vale of the Silent are inaccessible as well.
Now we're showing the current Titan range, and future Black Ops range. Many systems in Venal are now accessible, as are many more systems in Vale of the Silent.
The net effect is increased force projection for cloaking ships, including bomber gangs, which translates to more small gang opportunities. That's something I believe CCP wants. As the bomber FC for the CFC, I'm eagerly awaiting this change. While I'm sure some people want the ships themselves to be more capable in combat, to be able to warped cloaked, etc, I'll take this as a win.
Kcolor, primary bomber FC of the CFC. _USER_ Did I interest you in EVE? Did I interest you in LoL?
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text: Genetic structure of 142 parent lines of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] was analyzed using model-based approach based on SSR markers. Forty-one selected from 103 SSR markers were used to analyze the parent lines, which generated 189 alleles revealed by each marker ranging from 2 to 11 with an average of 4.6 per marker. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value was 0.543 with a range of 0.089 to 0.850. All the parent lines were assigned to 7 subgroups, named Kafir, Kaoliang, Feterita, Shallu, Hegari, Milo and Durra. Parent lines without clear pedigree record were clustered into their corresponding groups, and genetic components of each line were estimated by Q-values. Information of this study would be useful for breeders to conclude their genetic background and select appropriate parents for germplasm improvement and hybrid breeding, and thus improve the efficiency of breeding programs.


text:
sarangiArticle Free Pass
sarangi, also called saran or saranga, short-necked fiddle used throughout South Asia, particularly for folk and classical Hindustani music. Measuring about 76 cm (30 inches) long, the instrument has a roughly rectangular slightly waisted body and broad fretless neck generally carved from a single piece of wood. It has three melody strings made of gut, usually tuned a fifth and a fourth apart, and 11 to 37 sympathetically vibrating metal strings. At least two convex bone bridges are required to accommodate the three melodic strings on top and the many vibrating strings below. The musician, who is seated, normally holds the instrument against his left shoulder in a vertical position and plays with an arched bow held in an underhand grip in his right hand. The cuticles (or sometimes the space on the fingernail just above the cuticles) of the left hand are pressed against the strings to sound specific pitches.
What made you want to look up "sarangi"? Please share what surprised you most...


EPIMEDIUM
Common Names
Horny goat weed, Rowdy lamb herb, Randy beef grass,
Fairy wings, Bishop's hat, Yin Yang Huo
Botanical Name
Epimedium grandiflorum
Family
BERBERIDACEAE
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What is it?
In herbal medicine it is the leaves of Epimedium that are either powdered and placed into capsules or extracted into strong teas or tinctures. The various colourful common names of Epimedium as mentioned above show how its effects on the sexuality on domesticated animals that have grazed on it have long been observed by farmers.
FLOWER
FRESH PLANT
DRIED HERB
TOP | HERBS A-Z LIST
How has it been used?
Epimedium has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine for erectile dysfunction and to enhance sexual energy. It has historically been seen as a herb for men though in modern times women have also begun to use it for restoring a low libido.
Whilst a traditional use of any herb going back thousands of years should be met with an attitude of respect the area of sexual health, like weight loss or baldness, has no doubt always been rife with charlatans with no qualms about exploiting people's vulnerabilities. It is therefore encouraging to see that there has been a reasonable level of scientific research to support Epimedium's traditional usage.
Science on Epimedium
Similar to the drug viagra, there is an active compound in Epimedium that inhibits a substance (phosphodiesterase) which then, through a series of complex steps that would only interest a chemist, thereby relaxes and increase blood flow to where it is needed! The active ingredient icarin has been identified as the element within Epimedium that achieves this action but, as with nearly all herbal medicines that are similarly picked apart for the 'bit that works' the whole herb always works much more safely than when we try to take out what we want in order to patent it and make a drug out of it.
Safety of Epimedium
Epimedium has been extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine and has not been associated with the risk of adverse effects in their literature. There is one report of a 66 year old man developing a rapid heart-beat and developing symptoms akin to a manic episode but it is not clear how much he was taking or for how long (Partin JF, Pushkin YP. Tachyarrhythmia and hypomania with horny goat weed. Psychosomatics . 2004;45:536-537).
Epimedium may lower blood pressure if used consistently over time and if a person using it starts to feel dizzy or faint-headed after a while then they should get their blood pressure checked.
Epimedium is not a herb one could ever imagine giving to pregnant or breast-feeding women let alone the young but from my reading of the literature as well as clinical experience I do not think this is a herb that should have any particular worry to accompany its normal use.
TOP | HERBS A-Z LIST
Personal experiences
I must confess I always looked at the herbal products marketed for men's libido with 99% cynicism and 1% scientific curiosity. Aside from anything else it is hard to know how much you can trust the quality of the herbs from a manufacturer who will stop at no amount of extravagant claims to sell their wares. It wasn't until I was able to obtain some certified Epimedium raw material for our clinic that I felt confident enough to explore the action and validity of the herb and of course I was pleasantly surprised to find that a) there is a long tradition of genuine respect for this remedy in Eastern medicine and b) there is a rich folklore for its positive effects on male fertility in diverse farming communities around the world where it grows and c) what scientific research these is on it is rather promising.
I have had the opportunity to test Epimedium out with quite a few (all male thus far) patients in my clinic. The feedback has been, for the most part, very good. Men who have had problems achieving or maintaining an erection have told me that it began to help them quite rapidly and those men who reported that they had felt their libido had noticeably diminished have equally been pleased with its results.
There is a popular use of Epimedium to take it as a kind of natural Viagra i.e. as a performance enhancing herb to use when needed. I have not personally trialled this approach with my own patients but have rather the good results I have thus far achieved have been through a moderate daily dose of the herb (approx 3-4 mls a day of the tincture, usually used with other tonic herbs)
As with nearly all herbal medicines that are to be taken for a course of time I think that Epimedium works better in a synergistic manner alongside other such great tonics as Withania, Panax Ginseng and Damiana. Given I have nearly always used it in the context of such formulas one could legitimately question whether I am observing the effects of the Epimedium or rather it is one of the other herbs that is making the difference. For those of you reading this for whom this is an academic subject I can only respond with the mildest of defences - I think these formulas work better than they used to when I didn't have the Epimedium tincture to add. For those for whom this subject is one that they actually have to deal with in their own lives I can assure you that all that matters to me as a clinician is getting a good result, in which case forget the scientific approach of trying one thing at a time to see what happens, do whatever may legitimately help, within reason and financial reach, and when you are better see how much you care yourself about what exactly it was that worked!
TOP | HERBS A-Z LIST
Constitutional note
Much of the information here about the traditional uses of Epimedium is consistent with the model of thinking whereby one may treat problem A with plant B.
There is value in this approach, especially in how it helps us pass on useful knowledge to one another, but it falls short in one vital area; and that is that people are not all cut from the same cloth! Something that works brilliantly for one person may do less for another -- why is this?
The reason is that people vary in their constitutions as to whether they are more hot or cool and at the same time more dry or damp; more info about this here.
There is an old wisdom in treating the person first and the condition second and in this light Epimedium can particularly offer its benefits when an activation is needed in the 'cycle of healing' - something that is discussed here and shown in a chart here.
TOP | HERBS A-Z LIST
Further science notes On Epimedium
More than 130 different compounds have been identified from over 16 species of the Epimediumgenus of the Berberidaceae family.
Eight of these species have been used in the Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) over centuries to treat a wide range of diseases.
From in vitro and in vivo experimental data, and preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis of the androgenic/anti-estrogenic and anti-oxidant activities of the icariin series of flavonoids and glycosides, the results appear to be consistent with those of known anti-estrogenic flavonoids, such as luteolin.
Epimedium is known for being an aphrodisiac and it derives its layman names from the behaviour of goats and sheep after consuming Epimedium that grew near their fields.
It is also sometimes referred to by its active ingredient, Icariin. Icariin is known as a prenylated flavonoid compound and has been shown to exert much of the aphrodisiac effects of Horny Goat Weed. It has also been shown in one rat study to increase testestorene levels at high doses and moderate dosages are shown to be beneficial for bone health.
Icariin has not been shown to increase testosterone in females, yet two other compounds in Horny Goat Weed (Icaritin, Desmethylicaritin) have actually increased estrogen in post-menopausal females. The herb acts as an aphrodisiac in both genders, and the gender-specific hormone increasing could be beneficial for both genders.
Please understand that I cannot personally advise you, including on products or dosage, without seeing you in my clinic but ideas on how you might find a good herbalist in your area are here.
This living 'book' is my labour of love so, wherever you are, I wish you peace & good health!
TOP | HERBS A-Z LIST

© 2011 R.J.Whelan Ltd


text:
In the past, Harvest Moon has been more of a farming simulation with a little bit of role playing added in. Harvest Moon: Save the Homeland takes the series in a new direction, by offering a deeper and more robust role-playing experience. It might be best described as a 'Life Simulation'. The object of Harvest Moon: Save the Homeland is to successfully save the village from being turned into a resort. Construction begins in a year, so you must find a way to save your homeland before that. Harvest Moon: Save the Homeland focuses more attention on relationships than that of making money. Befriending the people in town is the key to successfully completing your task. This is the first Harvest Moon title to be in a true 3-D environment. It looks much more realistic, yet it will not lose the cute animation aspect that all Harvest Moon titles are known for.
- 20 new characters each with their own unique personalities
- Explore a 3-Dimensional environment rich in detail9 Unique endings to the game
- More interaction with your animals, such as training your dog and racing your horse
- Enjoy hours or non-linear game play
- Collect and cook various recipes
- Earn various key items during part-time jobs!


can run the program. This will run it on the computer you're logged into
spark-submit --class JavaWordCount --master local --driver-memory 4g target/javawordcount-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar /user/NETID/data.txt
where NETID is your netid. Unlike the Scala example, I've used the minimum number of arguments to the spark-submit command. See the Scala section for the kinds of things you can specify.
Everything up to and including the .jar file is needed every time you run a Java program. The last item is an argument to the program. Your program won't necessarily expect arguments, and you can also write programs that take more than one.
This is a word count program. /user/NETID/data.txt is the file whose words it should count. Note that Spark expects the input to be in the HDFS file system. So before running the program you have to copy some file into HDFS. That's what the "hdfs dfs -put" command does.
Note that you must specify both the jar file that was built by "mvn package" and the name of the main class. The class name is specified at the beginning of the program in the main Class declaration. Spark-submit will run the method called "main" in the class you specify. It will pass any arguments that you include on the command line after the jar file.
The only option you're likely to need beyond "--master local" is --driver-memory. The default is 512m. That might well be enough for many programs. Feel free to use 4G or 8G if necessary if you run out of memory. If you need more than that, please consult your instructor or a staff member. There's likely to be a problem with your program, and you could end up using excessive resources.
Everything up to and including the .jar file is needed every time you run a Java program, except --driver-memory, which is optional. The last item is an argument to the program. Your program won't necessarily expect arguments, and you can also write programs that take more than one.
As above, I've not used as many arguments as in the Scala examples. See the Scala section for what you can specify.
See the POM section for information about pom.xml. I've supplied pom.xml files that will work for simple examples. But as you start programming you may need to know more about them.
About pom.xml
When you specify a "import" statement in your program, this implicitly refers to a jar file that has the code implementing the package. That jar file has to be available both when your program is being compiled / built, and when it is run. Since programs are typically run on the cluster, that requires the jar files to be on every node in the cluster.
The pom.xml file declares what packages you need. The "mvn package" command will retrieve them from various network respositories, and make them avaiable to the Java compiler when building your program.
pom.xml does several other things in addition:
In the pom.xml files I supply, I've included a few Spark packages, and in comments I've shown how to use additional ones.
But suppose you want to use packages that aren't part of Spark. In that case you'll need to locate the necessary jar files and add them as dependencies in pom.xml. Generally you'll be using standard open-source libraries. (See below for how to add your own .jar files.) There's a very large network respository, which has pretty much every package known to man: Maven Central. The "mvn package" command knows how to find packages in that repository, download them, and use them.
But first you have to find the location of the package in the repository. Generally a bit of searching in Google show you the Maven specificatino for a package. You're looking for what is called a "Maven dependency." Normally they look like this:
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
 <artifactId>spark-sql_2.11</artifactId>
 <version>2.2.0.2.6.3.0-235</version>
 </dependency>
If you look at pom.xml, it should be obvious where to add them.
More complex programs may use more than one source file. If you add additional files in src/main/java, they will be compiled and added to the jar file in target.
Note that the version numbers in the dependencies have been chosen to match the precise version of Hortonwords we have installed. These versions will change next time we upgrade the software. In practice such an exact match probably isn't necessary. You could build against generic libraries.
Including packages at runtime
Unfortunately listing a package in pom.xml is only half the battle. That only makes the .jar file available when your program is built. It also has to be available when the program runs. In cluster mode that means it has to be on every node in the cluster.
Many common packages are already present in the cluster. I believe you can see which ones by looking at /usr/hdp/2.6.3.0-235/spark2/jars on data1, 2 and 3. If your package is already present, you need to put it in pom.xml, but you don't need this section. This section shows how to supply a package in the execution environment if it's not already there.
If you need to add the package to the execution environment, you'll need to use the --packages argument to spark-submit.
E.g. suppose you wanted to use the "JSON simple" package to work with JSON objects. E.g.
import org.json.simple.JSONArray;
import org.json.simple.JSONObject;
...
 JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();
 obj.put("name", "Rutgers University");
 obj.put("age", new Integer(100));
 System.out.println(obj.toJSONString());
The JSON simple documentation gives you the Maven dependency. But you could also look in google for "maven json simple." That will point you to a Maven web page. You'll find that The most recent version is 1.1.1. It shows the following dependency:
<dependency>
 <groupId>com.googlecode.json-simple</groupId>
 <artifactId>json-simple</artifactId>
 <version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
Add that to the <dependency> section of your pom.xml. You should now be able to do "mvn package".
But there's more .... If you do
spark-submit --class JavaWordCount --master local target/sparkwordcount-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar /user/hedrick/data.txt
you'll get the following error:
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/json/simple/JSONObject
That's because you had the jar files available through maven when you compiled the program, but not when you ran it. This won't always be a problem. The execution environment has many of the most common libraries, e.g. most of the Apache Commons packages. It also has a couple of recent JSON libraries. I actually picked JSON Simple specifically because it's an older library that isn't present in the execution environment. (I needed something that isn't there to do this demonstration.)
To make the necessary jar file available during execution, you need to include the package in the "spark-submit" command
spark-submit --packages com.googlecode.json-simple:json-simple:1.1.1 --class JavaWordCount --master local target/sparkwordcount-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar /user/hedrick/data.txt
Note the --packages argument. It simply puts together the group ID, artifact ID and version number. If you have more than one package, list all of them separated by commas, without any whitespace.
Some packages are in repositories other than Maven cental. E.g. there's a spark-packages.org that collects packages for spark. They have their own repository. To load packages from there, you need to specify --repositories=_URL_ in addition to the --packages argument. For both packages and repositories, you can specify more than one value, separated by comma. No white space.
If you have jar files that aren't in maven, you'll need to have copies of them in your directory. Then you can supply a "--jars" argument to "spark-submit", using the name of the jar files separated by commas.
Note that jars loaded from --packages are cached in .ivy2, so they don't have to be downloaded every time. For jobs submitted to the cluster, there's a per-


Category:Giorgi Saakadze
From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository
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Giorgi Saakadze (c. 1570–1629) was a Georgian politician and military commander who played an important but contradictory role in the politics of the early 17th-century Georgia. He was also known as Grand Mouravi (დიდი მოურავი, didi mouravi) in Georgia, Mūrāv-Beg in Iran and Maghraw-Bek in the Ottoman Empire for having served as a mouravi (appointed royal official which can be rendered by seneschal or bailiff) of Tbilisi.


How to cook rice in rice cooker
What is the ratio of rice to water in a rice cooker?
How do you cook white rice in a rice cooker?
Ingredient amounts in the recipe summary are for the default serving size. Wash rice. Wash 1 cup of rice in cold water. Add water. Add 1 cup of water. Cook. Place it in the rice cooker and select white rice (if there is an option). Serve. With a rice spatula, flip through the rice very gently.
How much water do I put in a rice cooker for 2 cups of rice?
Please note, I use the same measuring cup for BOTH rice and water in order for the ratios below to work. For any type of grain size (short, medium, or long) you can follow a 1:1 ratio of water to rice. If you want to add more rice, you can adjust the recipe in a similar way, 2 cups of rice to 2 cups of water.
How long does 1 cup of rice take to cook in a rice cooker?
Do you put rice or water first in rice cooker?
You might be interested: How to cook white rice in microwave
How much rice do I need for 2 cups?
How long does a rice cooker Take for 2 cups of rice?
Why is my rice sticky?
How do you keep rice from sticking in a rice cooker?
Many ricemakers go into " keep warm" mode upon completion. When the rice is cooked, unplug the pot and let it sit without any additional heat added. Make sure you stir the rice and water before starting to cook. Just putting in rice and pouring in water (without stirring) tends to cause sticking.
How much water do I use for 3 cups of rice?
You might be interested: How to cook gnocci
How do I cook rice without a rice cooker?
What else can I cook in a rice cooker?
How does a rice cooker Know When rice is done?
A rice cooker cooks using a water to rice ratio that varies by type of rice. As the water gets absorbed, the temperature of the insert begins to rise. Once the water is gone, that increase speeds up. When it reaches a set point, it triggers to cooker to lower or turn off the heat, indicating the rice is done.
How long is rice good in a rice cooker?
11-12 hours
How long does rice need to cook?
18 minutes
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How to cook a stir fry with chicken
How long do i cook pork roast


The value of public and private green spaces under water restrictions
Darla Hatton MacDonald, Neville D. Crossman, Parvin Mahmoudi, Laura O. Taylor, David M. Summers, Peter C. Boxall
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
34 Citations (Scopus)
Numerous studies have been published that consider the relationship between open spaces and property values. In this study, we examine the potential impact of water restrictions on the value of different types of green space. Restrictions on the use of water on outdoor areas are a popular means for governments or utilities to limit water use in urban areas. In this paper, a hedonic pricing model is used to analyse the effects that increasingly severe water restrictions might have on the perceived value of public and private green spaces in Adelaide, South Australia. A hedonic pricing model is estimated that contains housing characteristics, neighbourhood amenities, fixed effects to control for unobserved neighbourhood characteristics and temporal control variables for inflation. The findings suggest that water restrictions are not having a significant impact of the value of outdoor spaces on private properties. There are indications that substitutions may be occurring with the proximity to playgrounds, which are watered more regularly, becoming significant with increasing severity of water restrictions. However, close proximity to large public parks with trails for walking which remain in a natural state throughout the year (brown and dry in summer) is negatively correlated with the selling price regardless of water restrictions. This suggests that households in this market may be using some public green spaces for recreation in lieu of private areas but not all public open spaces are equal. This has implications for urban and landscape planners, especially given the likelihood of ongoing water restriction under climate change.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)192-200
Number of pages9
JournalLandscape and Urban Planning
Issue number4
Publication statusPublished - Apr 2010
Dive into the research topics of 'The value of public and private green spaces under water restrictions'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Cite this


Space Gates
Space Gates
Most big planets with enough traffic have its own Space Gate station. Those with high volume traffic have a Space Gate Complex.
The interior between Gates is similar to old-fashioned tunnels with several lanes apt for the width of a space-truck. Those tunnels are commonly called space-highways. Most space-highways have several exits and access points, similarly to the old Gaian terrestrial motorways and highways.
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text:
Recent research has suggested that cedar wood is an effective alternative to plastic, due to its biodegradability, durability and renewability. In addition to being an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to plastic, cedar-based composites, utensils and flooring are showing promise. Cedar-based products may initially be more expensive compared to their plastic counterparts, but are cost-effective in the long run due to their durability and sustainability. By shifting towards more environmentally friendly materials, we might be able to combat the serious problem of plastic pollution.
Latest Research Shows Cedar is a Sustainable Alternative to Plastic
Plastic pollution is one of the biggest environmental challenges facing the world today. Every year, countless tons of plastic waste is generated, with only a small portion of it being recycled. The rest ends up in landfills or, worse, in our oceans and other water bodies. The need for more sustainable alternatives to plastic is therefore urgent.
Cedar, an evergreen tree, has caught the attention of researchers in recent times as a potential sustainable alternative to plastic. Cedar wood is known for its durability and resistance to decay, making it an ideal material for long-lasting products. Recent research has shown that cedar wood has a range of properties that make it a promising candidate for sustainable alternatives to plastic.
Benefits of Cedar as a Sustainable Alternative to Plastic
Cedar has several benefits that make it an attractive alternative to plastic:
Cedar wood is biodegradable, meaning it can decompose naturally in the environment. Unlike most plastics, which can take centuries to decompose, cedar wood can break down within a few years. This makes it an eco-friendly alternative to plastic that won't harm the environment when discarded.
Cedar wood is strong and durable, making it an excellent material for long-lasting products. Compared to plastic, which can crack and break easily, cedar wood is more resistant to wear and tear. This makes it a cost-effective alternative to plastic since products made from cedar wood will last longer.
3. Renewable resource
Cedar wood is a renewable resource that can be sustainably harvested. Unlike non-renewable fossil fuels used to produce plastic, cedar wood is a natural resource that can be replenished. Its sustainability makes cedar wood an ideal alternative to plastic, which has a high environmental impact during production.
The Potential of Cedar as a Sustainable Alternative to Plastic
Research has shown the potential of cedar as a sustainable alternative to plastic. So far, cedar-based products have been developed in a few areas:
1. Cedarwood composites
Cedarwood composites have been developed as a sustainable alternative to plastic. The composites are made from a blend of cedar wood and other natural fibers, which are then molded to the desired shape. The composites have been found to be as strong and durable as plastic composites, but they are also biodegradable.
2. Cedarwood utensils
Cedarwood utensils, such as plates, cups, and cutlery, have been developed as a sustainable alternative to plastic utensils. The cedarwood utensils are not only biodegradable, but they also have a natural aroma that enhances the dining experience. The utensils are also lightweight and easy to use, making them a convenient alternative to plastic.
3. Cedarwood flooring
Cedarwood flooring has been developed as a sustainable alternative to plastic flooring. The flooring is made from cedarwood composite, which is durable and has natural resistance to moisture and termites. This makes cedarwood flooring a better option for high-traffic areas like homes and offices.
Q1. Is cedar wood easy to work with?
A1. Yes, cedar wood is easy to work with due to its softness and natural resistance to decay.
Q2. What are the maintenance requirements for cedar-based products?
A2. Cedar-based products require minimal maintenance. They can be cleaned with a damp cloth and mild soap, and oiled occasionally to maintain their natural color.
Q3. Are cedar-based products more expensive than plastic?
A3. Cedar-based products may be more expensive initially, but they are cost-effective in the long run due to their durability and sustainability.
Q4. Is cedar wood safe for food contact?
A4. Yes, cedar wood is safe for food contact. It has natural antimicrobial properties that reduce the risk of contamination.
Q5. Can cedar wood be recycled?
A5. Yes, cedar wood can be recycled or composted. It is a natural material that can easily decompose in the environment.
The latest research shows that cedar is a sustainable alternative to plastic. Its biodegradability, durability, and renewability make it an attractive option for sustainable products. The potential of cedar-based composites, utensils, and flooring signals a shift toward more environmentally friendly materials. By choosing cedar wood products, consumers contribute to a healthier planet and a better future.


OW2 Programming Contest 2009
OW2 and Scilab are organizing a joint open source programming contest in 2009.
The Contest ceremony will be held in will be held in September 18-20, 2009, in Tianjiabing Building multifunctional conference centre of Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, city of forest, the capital of Guizhou province, located amid the inland southeastern area, China Excellent City of Tourism.
Competition Purposes
The competition is sponsored for Chinese students and technicians to improve the ability to study and manage OW2 middleware, and it can also provide an opportunity and a stage to express your own talent in computer programming. What's more, it is a competition that exhibits the demeanor of college students in science and technology and enhance the intercommunication and cooperation of own college student with one another. The competition advocates the time spirit of "freedom, share and creation". This competition campaign is conducted by the technicians from France and China, and the main target of the competition is to improve the communication and cooperation between two countries.
Rules of Contest
Academic staff and students of university and research institute, engineers of industrial and business organizations, and all other professionals.
Participants should select a topic among the list of topics provided for the OW2 contest (under construction). Once they have selected a topic, they should go to the Registration page? for registration instructions.
Technical requirements
 1. Participants can select a topic in the list provided on the OW2 Contest webpage.
 3. The software will be developed using the Trustie collaborative infrastructure. It should include appropriate documentation for installing and running the software, as well as examples and tests. The language for code comments and documentation should be English.
Award Selection
The Award Selection process includes three stages:
 1. Shortlist of entries by an Expert Team.
 2. Peer-evaluation on the Internet, and.
 3. Final selection by French and Chinese Scientists.
In the first stage, 16 works will be shortlisted from all the received submissions. Peer-evaluation on the Internet will be made by all contestants. Finally, the French and Chinese Scientist Team will decide on the awards to be given, taking into consideration the results of the first and second stages.
 1. First prize: a maximum of one students and one academic advisor will be invited to visit the OW2 team for one week
 2. Second prize: up to FIVE awards will be given. (Each Award: Internship t.b.c.).
 3. Third prize: up to TEN awards will be given. (Each Award: RMB 500).
Programme committee
Florent BENOIT France
Zhou BIN China
Jacques CAYUELA France
Pascal DECHAMBOUX France
Didier DONSEZ France
Pierre DUBOIS France
Fran�ois EXERTIER France
Pierre-Yves GIBELLO France
Andrea GIOIA Italy
Jun HAN China
Jeremi JOSLIN France
Michael KLEINHENZ Germany
Laurent LAUDINET France
Goulven LE JEUNE France
Alexandre LEFEBVRE France
Ge LI China
Zhi LI China
Adrien LOUIS France
Antonio MAJORI Italy
Rafael MARINS Brazil
Antoine MENSCH France
Philippe MERLE France
Christophe NEY France
Stephane RIBAS France
Guillaume SAUTHIER France
Stefano SCAMUZZO Italy
Lionel SEINTURIER France
Dianxi SHI China
Jingyu SONG China
Jean-Bernard STEFANI France
Cedric THOMAS France
Petr TUMA Czech Rep.
Miguel VALDEZ FAURA France
Julien VIET France
Jun WEI China
Gang YIN China
Junfeng ZHAOChina
MingHui ZHOUChina
Yan ZHU China
 - Deadline of registration : May. 1, 2009
 - Deadline of workshop submission : coming soon
 - Deadline of work submission : Aug. 25, 2009
Created by Alexandre Lefebvre on 2009/03/04 18:03


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In Python is there any way to make a class, then make a second version of that class with identical dat,a but which can be changed, then reverted to be the same as the data in the original class?
So I would make a class with the numbers 1 to 5 as the data in it, then make a second class with the same names for sections (or very similar). Mess around with the numbers in the second class then with one function then reset them to be the same as in the first class.
The only alternative I've found is to make one aggravatingly long class with too many separate pieces of data in it to be readily usable.
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Thanks for your answers, teifion gave the answer I was looking for on msn. My question wasn't clear. Basically though, "Is what you want basically a class that can reset an instance (object) to a set of default values? " yes it was. – leachrode Sep 15 '08 at 16:06
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6 Answers
up vote 6 down vote accepted
A class is a template, it allows you to create a blueprint, you can then have multiple instances of a class each with different numbers, like so.
class dog(object):
 def __init__(self, height, width, lenght):
 self.height = height
 self.width = width
 self.length = length
 def revert(self):
 self.height = 1
 self.width = 2
 self.length = 3
dog1 = dog(5, 6, 7)
dog2 = dog(2, 3, 4)
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Classes don't have values. Objects do. Is what you want basically a class that can reset an instance (object) to a set of default values?
How about just providing a reset method, that resets the properties of your object to whatever is the default?
I think you should simplify your question, or tell us what you really want to do. It's not at all clear.
share|improve this answer
Voted down: In Python, classes DO have attributes (values). Instances also have attributes (values). It's a very important distinction to understand when moving to python from another language. – gahooa Feb 18 '09 at 18:39
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I think you are confused. You should re-check the meaning of "class" and "instance".
I think you are trying to first declare a Instance of a certain Class, and then declare a instance of other Class, use the data from the first one, and then find a way to convert the data in the second instance and use it on the first instance...
I recommend that you use operator overloading to assign the data.
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class ABC(self):
 numbers = [0,1,2,3]
class DEF(ABC):
 def __init__(self):
 self.new_numbers = super(ABC,self).numbers
 def setnums(self, numbers):
 self.new_numbers = numbers
 def getnums(self):
 return self.new_numbers
 def reset(self):
share|improve this answer
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Just FYI, here's an alternate implementation... Probably violates about 15 million pythonic rules, but I publish it per information/observation:
class Resettable(object):
 base_dict = {}
 def reset(self):
 self.__dict__ = self.__class__.base_dict
 def __init__(self):
 self.__dict__ = self.__class__.base_dict.copy()
class SomeClass(Resettable):
 base_dict = {
 'number_one': 1,
 'number_two': 2,
 'number_three': 3,
 'number_four': 4,
 'number_five': 5,
 def __init__(self):
p = SomeClass()
p.number_one = 100
print p.number_one
print p.number_one
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add comment
Here's another answer kind of like pobk's; it uses the instance's dict to do the work of saving/resetting variables, but doesn't require you to specify the names of them in your code. You can call save() at any time to save the state of the instance and reset() to reset to that state.
class MyReset:
 def __init__(self, x, y):
 self.x = x
 self.y = y
 def save(self):
 self.saved = self.__dict__.copy()
 def reset(self):
 self.__dict__ = self.saved.copy()
a = MyReset(20, 30)
a.x = 50
print a.x
print a.x
Why do you want to do this? It might not be the best/only way.
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Your Answer


text:
As a responsible gun owner, you know the importance of safely carrying your firearm. One popular option for concealed carry is a paddle holster. But what exactly is a paddle holster, and how do you choose the right one?
In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore the ins and outs of paddle holsters, so you can make an informed decision about your concealed carry setup.
What Is a Paddle Holster?
A paddle holster is a type of concealed carry holster that attaches to your belt or waistband using a paddle-shaped piece of rigid material, typically made of plastic or polymer. The paddle slides over your belt or waistband, allowing the holster to be securely attached to your body without the need for belt loops.
Paddle holsters are designed to be worn outside the waistband (OWB), making them a popular choice for those who prefer a more accessible and comfortable concealed carry option. Unlike traditional belt holsters, paddle holsters don't require threading a belt through the holster, making them easier to put on and take off.
Types of Paddle Holsters
Not all paddle holsters are created equal. There are several different types of paddle holsters to choose from, each with its own unique features and benefits.
Open-Top Paddle Holsters
Open-top paddle holsters are one of the most common types of paddle holsters. As the name suggests, these holsters have an open top design, allowing you to quickly draw your firearm with a simple upward motion. Open-top paddle holsters are known for their ease of use and accessibility.
Pancake Paddle Holsters
Pancake paddle holsters are similar to open-top holsters, but they feature a flatter, more streamlined design that helps them hug the body more closely. This design makes pancake holsters a popular choice for those who prioritize concealment and want a more discreet carry option.
Hybrid Paddle Holsters
Hybrid paddle holsters combine elements of traditional leather holsters with the convenience of a paddle attachment. These holsters feature a leather or synthetic material backing that molds to the shape of your body, while the paddle attachment provides a secure and comfortable fit.
Molded Paddle Holsters
Molded paddle holsters are designed to fit specific firearm models like a glove. They are typically made from a single piece of molded polymer or Kydex, ensuring a precise fit and excellent retention. While molded holsters may be less versatile than other types, they offer unparalleled security and stability for your specific firearm.
Benefits of Paddle Holsters
Paddle holsters offer several advantages over traditional belt holsters, making them a popular choice for many concealed carriers:
Easy On and Off
Paddle holsters are incredibly easy to put on and take off. Unlike belt holsters, which require threading a belt through loops, paddle holsters simply slide onto your waistband, making them a convenient option for those who need to frequently remove their holster.
Adjustable Ride Height
Many paddle holsters allow you to adjust the ride height, which is the vertical position of the holster on your waistband. This feature lets you customize the holster's position for optimal comfort and concealability.
Paddle holsters offer excellent accessibility, especially when it comes to open-top designs. The paddle attachment positions the holster slightly away from your body, allowing for a smoother and faster draw.
While paddle holsters are worn outside the waistband, many modern designs prioritize concealment. Pancake and hybrid holsters, in particular, can distribute the firearm's weight and profile, making it easier to conceal under a cover garment.
Choosing the Right Paddle Holster
With so many options available, choosing the right paddle holster can be overwhelming. Here are some factors to consider when selecting a paddle holster:
Ensure the holster is designed to fit your specific firearm make and model. Molded holsters offer the most precise fit, but hybrid and open-top holsters can also accommodate a range of firearms.
Paddle holsters are available in various materials, including polymer, Kydex, and leather. Consider your preferences in terms of durability, comfort, and aesthetics when choosing the material.
Retention refers to the holster's ability to securely hold your firearm in place. Look for holsters with active retention features, such as tension screws or retention devices, to ensure your firearm remains safely in the holster during movement.
Ride Height Adjustment
If concealment is a priority, choose a paddle holster that allows you to adjust the ride height. This feature will let you position the holster at the optimal height for your body type and clothing choices.
Right or Left-Handed
Make sure to select a paddle holster designed for your dominant hand. Most holsters are available in both right-handed and left-handed configurations.
Research reputable holster brands and read reviews from other concealed carriers. A well-known brand with positive feedback is more likely to produce high-quality, reliable paddle holsters.
Wearing and Drawing from a Paddle Holster
Proper use of a paddle holster is essential for safe and effective concealed carry. Here are some tips for wearing and drawing from a paddle holster:
Position the paddle holster on the strong side of your body, typically behind your hip bone. This placement allows for a natural and comfortable draw while keeping the firearm concealed.
Securing the Paddle
Ensure the paddle is securely attached to your waistband or belt. It should be snug against your body without excessive movement.
To draw from a paddle holster, use your support hand to sweep any cover garment out of the way. Then, with your firing hand, establish a firm grip on the firearm and smoothly draw it straight up and out of the holster. Once clear of the holster, rotate the firearm towards your target while maintaining a safe grip and trigger discipline.
When re-holstering your firearm, use your support hand to ensure a clear path into the holster. Slowly guide the firearm back into the holster, ensuring it is fully seated before releasing your grip.
Practicing Safe Concealed Carry
While paddle holsters offer many benefits, it's essential to practice safe concealed carry habits at all times:
Proper Firearm Handling
Follow the fundamental rules of firearm safety, including treating every firearm as if it's loaded, never pointing the muzzle at anything you're not willing to destroy, and keeping your finger off the trigger until you're ready to fire.
Ensure your firearm is securely retained in the holster at all times. Avoid holsters with loose or excessive movement, as this can increase the risk of the firearm becoming dislodged or falling out.
While paddle holsters are designed for concealed carry, it's essential to choose appropriate clothing and cover garments to keep your firearm out of sight. Avoid printing or imprinting, which can reveal the outline of your firearm.
Maintain situational awareness at all times when carrying concealed. Be aware of your surroundings and potential threats, and avoid drawing unnecessary attention to your firearm.
Training and Practice
Regularly practice drawing, shooting, and re-holstering your firearm from your paddle holster. Seek professional training to develop safe and efficient techniques for concealed carry.
Paddle holsters are a popular and convenient option for concealed carry. With their ease of use, adjustability, and accessibility, paddle holsters can be an excellent choice for many concealed carriers.
By understanding the different types of paddle holsters, their benefits, and how to choose the right one, you can make an informed decision about your concealed carry setup. Remember to always prioritize safety, practice proper firearm handling, and seek professional training to develop safe and effective concealed carry habits.


text:
Earthbank utilizes exclusively fish waste and wood waste in our operation. The fish waste consists of mainly farmed salmon offal (some wild) from processing plants and farm mortalities from net pens mainly on the West Coast of Vancouver Island. Earthbank also provides the transportation service to haul the waste to our composting site. The wood waste consists of sawmill waste (mainly fir and hemlock bark), ground up land clearing debris and a small amount of sawdust. All materials from the mills are clean and uncontaminated. Only uncontaminated land clearing debris is accepted at our composting site. All land clearing debris is processed (i.e. ground up) before being incorporated for composting.
The fish waste and wood waste are then blended together in a preset formula that can vary depending on the specific wood waste and other factors. The mixed material is then formed into a 'block' that
is capped with a mixed blend of wood waste and partially cured compost to provide a biofilter for odour control of what we refer to as a 'primary block'. As fish waste is brought onto our site, this process is repeated and added to the pre-existing block until it reaches a pre-determined size and/or period of time. Then a new primary block is started.
The primary block is then allowed to sit untouched for a minimum multi-month period depending on the time of year. Primary blocks are not handled at all from April to October. This is essential in order to minimize off-site odour especially during warm weather. The secondary blocks once turned out of 'primary blocks' are turned several times over the next 12 months. This activity can be highly variable, as to timing and frequency depending on time of year and weather conditions. For example, turning is kept to minimum during warm weather, or not done at all. If weather permits, turning of secondary blocks is more frequent in the early spring, or late fall.
The secondary blocks are then turned out into 'tertiary' windrows after approximately 1.5 years of primary and secondary block composting. These windrows can be turned frequently if necessary, as off site odour during this stage of composting is not a concern. The total number of turns can vary, however, there are a minimum of 15 turns before the material is screened for use. Temperatures above 55 degrees Celsius are routinely recorded in fish compost for long periods of time due to the active and high-energy nature of fish compost.
The "overs" from the screening of the finished compost are then recycled back into the active composting process through a variety of processes and functions that Earthbank utilizes to obtain 100 % recycling of all materials brought on site.


text:
Bank staff are healthcare professionals who work for Trusts on a zero hour contract. They cover shifts for other members of staff when they're off sick or on maternity leave. They also take shifts when there is an increase in patient demand. Bank staff have the freedom of choosing which shifts they want to take on, allowing flexibility for overnight shifts, day shifts, weekend shifts etc. NHS staff banks regularly have shifts available due to the demand. Even doctors can work as bank staff.
What do bank staff do?
- Work the shifts of the member of staff they're covering/role they're covering specific to the role they themselves are qualified to do e.g. nursing
- Meet the standards of increased patient demand
- Complete a registration form to declare your interest in becoming a bank worker
- Have the appropriate qualifications to work in the healthcare profession, as a healthcare professional will assess you to find out what you want to work as in bank (doctors will be assessed directly by a hospital)


text: The dynamics of riparian vegetation in a reach of the Lijiang River, China, are investigated. A new process-based model is developed based on cellular automata, which simulates the key processes in the life cycle of the ten most occurring plant species: germination, normal growth, response to floods and droughts, destruction by high velocities, consumption of resources, colonization and competition. The parameterization of these processes is based on controlled experiments on plants sampled in the study area. A traditional statistical model is also developed, which relates the vegetation state to four flow-related variables. Both models are assessed based on data from 12 field surveys in the period from 2009 to 2011, during the dry season, the wet season and at the end of the growing season. Both models predict satisfactorily the spatial distribution of the vegetation cover at the end of the growing season. Although the statistical model is by definition limited to the steady state conditions at the end of the growing season, the process-based model also satisfactorily simulates the temporal dynamics of the vegetation during the dry season and the wet season. Contrary to the statistical model, the process-based model also satisfactorily simulates the vegetation cover outside the area used for the model parameterization. Thus, process-based models are more robust under flow regimes with spatial heterogeneity and important temporal variations. Field observations and process-based model predictions indicate that the regime of dry season and wet season floods is the main regulator of the vegetation cover in the study area. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


text:
splonebox is an open source network assessment tool with focus on modularity. It offers an ongoing analysis of a network and its devices. One major design decision features development of custom plugins.
Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) is the buzzword that summarises devices of Industry Control Systems (ICS). These devices are highly specialised on controlling industry processes like production lines or even hole plants. Typically an ICS consists of Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), actuators and sensors. It is common, that industry networks also consist of additional devices like Human-Machine-Interfaces (HMI) or gateways
The splonebox consists of three components, which communicate through a central API. On the one hand, there is a core component that enforces security. On the other hand, we have several plugins, that do the actual work. Using this API the plugins are able to communicate with the splonebox core or even with other plugins.
Since the core API relies on msgpack, it's possible to develope plugins in a wide variety of progamming languages. So in the future, we want to provide plugins in multiple programming languages (e.g. python).
In order to provide an optimal analysis, we're working on plugins that gather information in different ways. One ways is to scan networks actively while other plugins will sniff the traffic.
The modular architecture basically makes everything a plugin. Hence, the graphical user interface is a plugin, too. In future releases, there will be multiple user interfaces that cover different aspects and needs.


text:
Operating as a digital image recorder, the system can store up to 24,576 full frames and up to 393,216 partial frames in electronic memory. Digital images can be replayed from memory for instant viewing.
Trigger signals can be received from a variety of sources including optical, acoustical, impact, acceleration, temperature and proximity sensors. Frames can be stored as pre-trigger or post-trigger images, or as a combination of both. Individual and discrete groups of frames may also be recorded.
The 256 x 256-pixel sensor produces sharp images with 256 levels of gray. In addition, the light sensitivity of the system is excellent, reducing the need for supplemental lighting. Once captured by the system, the images can be downloaded to standard videotape.
<%=company%>, 11633 Sorrento Valley Rd., San Diego, CA 92121-1097. Tel: _PHONE_; Fax: _PHONE_.


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Case Study
Ansys + Apollo Tyres
"Ansys Fluent software helped in analyzing the hydroplaning risk of passenger car tyres by calculating the lift force on the tyres."
— Sowntharya L, Scientist, Tyre Simulation / Apollo Tyres
Hydroplaning occurs when a layer of water builds up between the tires and the road surface, which leads to loss of contact that prevents the vehicle from responding to control inputs, such as steering, braking or accelerating. The tread design and dimensions play an important role in expulsion of water, thus reducing the risk of hydroplaning. Predicting the speed of onset of hydroplaning and the lift force experienced by the tire aids in optimizing the tread pattern.
Hydroplaning in tires is a safety criterion. Hence, there is a need to minimize the loss of contact by modifying the groove design while keeping the development cost low. Experimental testing is highly expensive and limited, which affects the validation of the simulation results. Also, hydroplaning and tire noise are conflicting phenomena, and they should be optimized with proper balance.
Engineering Solution
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis using Ansys Fluent simulated the water flow through the car tires. The developed simulation methodology predicted the lift force and hydroplaning speed.
The developed methodology helps in:
- Selecting the best tire pattern to minimize hydroplaning.
- Optimizing water flow channel in tires to delay the onset of hydroplaning.
- Increasing the wet grip potential of tires.
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value of the discriminant of x2 + 3x − 10 is A 5
7
B x = −7 or 8 E x = 9 or −6
B (3x − 2y)(6x + 4y) E (6x + y)(x − 8y)
C (6x − 4y)(x + 2y)
The turning point of a quadratic with rule y = x2 − ax has coordinates  a −a2   −a2   −a −a2  A (0, a) B , C (a, 0) D a, E , 2 4 2 2 4
Cambridge Senior Maths AC/VCE Mathematical Methods 1&2
Cambridge University Press ISBN 978-1-107-52013-4 © Evans et al. 2016 Photocopying is restricted under law and this material must not be transferred to another party.
Chapter 3 review
The solution of the inequality x2 > b2 , where b < 0, is A x > b or x < −b D −b < x < b
13
B x>b E x < b or x > −b
C b < x < −b
The quadratic equation x2 − 2ax + b = 0, where a and b are positive constants, has one solution when √ √ B b = a and b = − a C b = 1 and a  1 A b = a and a  1 √ √ D a = b or a = − b E b=a=2
Review
12
141
Extended-response questions 1
The diagram shows a masonry arch bridge of span 50 m. The shape of the curve, ABC, is a parabola. The line AC is the water level and B is the highest point of the bridge.
B
A
50 m
C
a Taking A as the origin and the maximum height of the arch above the water level as 4.5 m, write down a formula for the curve of the arch where y is the height of the arch above AC and x is the horizontal distance from A. b Calculate a table of values and accurately plot the graph of the curve. c At what horizontal distance from A is the height of the arch above the water level equal to 3 m? d What is the height of the arch at a horizontal distance from A of 12 m? e A ﬂoating platform 20 m wide is towed under the bridge. What is the greatest height of the deck above water level if the platform is to be towed under the bridge with at least 30 cm horizontal clearance on either side? 2
A piece of wire 12 cm long is cut into two pieces. One piece is used to form a square shape and the other a rectangular shape in which the length is twice its width. a If x cm is the side length of the square, write down the dimensions of the rectangle in terms of x. b Formulate a rule for A, the combined area of the square and rectangle in cm2 , in terms of x. c Determine the lengths of the two pieces if the sum of the areas is to be a minimum.
3
Water is pumped into an empty metal tank at a steady rate of 0.2 litres/min. After 1 hour the depth of water in the tank is 5 cm; after 5 hours the depth is 10 cm. a If the volume of water in the tank is V litres when the depth is x cm and there is a quadratic relationship between V and x, write down a rule which connects V and x. b It is known that the maximum possible depth of water in the tank is 20 cm. For how long, from the beginning, can water be pumped into the tank at the same rate without overﬂowing?
Cambridge Senior Maths AC/VCE Mathematical Methods 1&2
Cambridge University Press ISBN 978-1-107-52013-4 © Evans et al. 2016 Photocopying is restricted under law and this material must not be transferred to another party.
Review
142 Chapter 3: Quadratics 4
The ﬁgure shows a section view of a freeway embankment to be built across a ﬂood-prone river ﬂat. The height of the embankment is x m and the width at the top is 90 m.
90 m
xm 45°
45°
a Find a formula, in terms of x, for V, the volume of earth in m3 required to build a 120 m length of freeway embankment. This ﬁgure shows another section of the freeway which is to be constructed by cutting through a hillside. The depth of the cutting is x m and the width of the cutting at the base is 50 m.
xm 65°
65° 50 m
b Find a formula for the volume of earth, in m3 , which would have to be excavated to form a straight 100 m section of the cutting. c If x = 4 m, what length of embankment could be constructed from earth taken from the cutting? 5
100 m of angle steel is used to make a rectangular frame with three crossbars as shown in the ﬁgure. xm a If the width of the frame is x m, determine an expression for , the length of the frame in metres, in terms of x. b The frame is to be covered by light aluminium sheeting. If m the area of this sheeting is A m2 , formulate a rule connecting A and x. c Sketch a graph of A against x, stating the axis intercepts and the turning point. d What is the maximum area and the value of x which gives this area?
6
A shape which has been of interest to architects and 1 A B artists over the centuries is the 'golden rectangle'. 1–x Many have thought that it has the perfect proportions for buildings. The rectangle is such that, if a square is drawn on one of the longer sides, then the new rectangle is similar to the original. Let the length of AP AD = . AP = 1 unit; then AB = 1 − x units and D C AD AB Find the value of x. (This value is the reciprocal of the 'golden ratio'.)
Cambridge Senior Maths AC/VCE Mathematical Methods 1&2
P x x
Q
Cambridge University Press ISBN 978-1-107-52013-4 © Evans et al. 2016 Photocopying is restricted under law and this material must not be transferred to another party.
143
Chapter 3 review
a Find distance PA in terms of x. b i Find distance PC in terms of x. ii Find distance PD in terms of x. c Find x if PA = PD.
A D
5m
3m C
P
B
16 m
Review
7 The point P is x m from B along the line BC.
d Find x if PA = 2PD. (Answer correct to three decimal places.) e Find x if PA = 3PD. (Answer correct to three decimal places.) 8
AB and CD are crossroads. A jogger runs along road AB at a speed of 8 km/h and passes O at 1 p.m. Another runner is moving along road CD. The second runner is moving at 10 km/h and passes O at 1:30 p.m. D a Let y km be their distance apart t hours after 1 p.m. i Find an expression for y in terms of t. ii Plot the graph of y against t on a CAS calculator. iii Find the time(s) when the runners are 4 km apart. (Use a CAS calculator.) iv Find the time at which the runners are closest and their distance apart at this time.
8 km/h A
O
B 10 km/h
C
b Find the exact value(s) of t for which: i y=5 9
ii y = 6
A rectangle of perimeter b cm is inscribed in a circle of radius a cm. The rectangle has width x cm and length y cm. a Apply Pythagoras' theorem in triangle BCD to show that x2 + y2 = 4a2 . b Form a second equation involving x, y and b. c Eliminate y from these equations to form a quadratic equation in terms of x, a and b. d As x, y and 2a are the sides of a triangle, x + y > 2a. Use this result and apply the discriminant to the quadratic equation formed in part c to show that the rectangle can be inscribed √ in the circle only if 4a < b ≤ 4 2a.
B
C x cm
y cm
O a cm
A
D
i If a = 5 and b = 24, ﬁnd the values of x and y. √ ii If b = 4 2a, ﬁnd the values of x and y in terms of a. b f If = 5, ﬁnd the values of x and y in terms of a. a g Write a program to solve the quadratic equation found in part c for suitable choices of a and b and state the values of x and y. (Answers correct to two decimal places.)
e
Cambridge Senior Maths AC/VCE Mathematical Methods 1&2
Cambridge University Press ISBN 978-1-107-52013-4 © Evans et al. 2016 Photocopying is restricted under law and this material must not be transferred to another party.
Review
144 Chapter 3: Quadratics 10
y
The equation of curve B is y = −6 + 4x − x2 . a (h, 3) is the vertex of a parabola A, with equation y = x2 + bx + c. Find the values of b, c and h for h > 0. b Let P be a point on curve A, and P be a point on curve B such that PP is perpendicular to the x-axis. i The coordinates of P are (x, x2 + bx + c). State the


until he can talk, or do you wait for him? Depending on your preferences, the former gets more done, but the latter is probably more within the rules.
 2. Mixing character sheets, dice, minis, etc. and lunch. I know there is the phrase, "a character sheet isn't broken in until soda/coffee has been spilled on it", but it still shortens the time that a character sheet remains viable.
 3. Keeping things on topic. People typically socialize during lunch, and the OC chatter may derail your plot, ESPECIALLY during long combats. Either go with it and let a week's worth of gaming take 2 weeks, or find some way to shut it down
 4. Curious Onlookers. Either have a way to keep them away, a mechanism to bring in more players (who may or not stay with it), or a way to deal with watchers.
 5. Campaign notes. I'd recommend keeping your notes on a laptop so you only have to hit "Save" at the end of the session and run back to work. Especially for combats where you need to keep track of any number of NPCs, their hit points, etc. Try to find (or make from your own books) PDFs of the rules and get text only versions so you can search for them QUICKLY.
 6. Duplicate Character Sheets. Have a copy of each character sheet (or rule that they stay in the office), so you never have "crud. I forgot my sheet." Try to get a word Doc of the stats, so worst case, you can print out another copy for the day (or if you have a scanner, and such, scan the sheets before play).
 7. Since you can only play 1 hour at a time, you will have to be able to set up and tear down QUICKLY. I recommend getting one of those battle-mats that are around 20X30 inches. Draw the map, and then all you need to do is unroll and place the minis.
 8. Mini maintenance. You will need a way to control who touches the minis, ESPECIALLY during tear-down. Take a cellphone snap of the map and/or use a wet-erase marker to mark each player's spot during tear down.
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Regarding #2 - My groups have used sheet protectors to cover the sheets and sticky notes to maintain information that changes in-game for decades. That way, you protect the sheet from the dangers of snacks and from unnecessary erasing / rewriting. Only update the sheet when values change permanently, and just transfer values to a new sticky when you use one up. These people are playing in an office. They should have sticky notes and sheet protectors available. – gomad Dec 10 '10 at 16:54
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Some old colleagues of mine used to play once a week in the evening in the meeting room downstairs, and I think it must have worked out quite well as they played for years*
From my own (very limited) experience of D&D 4e a session wants to be at least a few hours long.
 - (until about the time they invited me to join, at which point 3 left the company and the whole thing folded :( - nothing to do with the D&D I might add)
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I think you're going to face some real challenges in terms of time. I have no idea what kind of game you're planning, but if you want to get anything done in 90 minutes (including setup, cleanup, and presumably, lunch) I would suggest a lighter system.
The system I would probably try to run in a situation like that would have to be Savage Worlds. Here is why:
 - The system is very light. You can pick it up as a player or GM in no time.
 - The core book is very cheap - every player can afford to buy a $10 book and you'll save time you'd waste passing around a $35 PHB.
 - The system is fast. The motto of the system is Fast, Furious, Fun!. Combats are exciting but don't take forever.
 - There are a bunch of published settings for the system, from Old West horror (Deadlands), through superheroes (Necessary Evil), pirates (50 Fathoms), and many more I can't remember.
 - Also, it's easy to hack. I ran my last Firefly game in Savage Worlds using the core book and a free unofficial Serenity conversion. It was my first Savage Worlds game and it went great.
I think you could be successful, and I totally love the idea. I have been unable to get even a regular boardgame group together here where I work - we keep having trouble scheduling a 90 minute lunch.
I just think you're going to have to concentrate on speed - players in my experience get bored if there's just a combat for a whole session. And a fast, light, simple system that gets out of your way and lets you play is going to be a big part of getting some interesting play in a constrained time period. Good luck!
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I think we're fairly comfortable taking a system and hacking it for speed. Also, if things take off, I can see ways to fit in small micro sessions in other work breaks - say, 15 minute sessions advancing side plots throughout the week between the hour long lunch breaks. – blueberryfields Dec 10 '10 at 16:59
_USER_ - if you can make 4e work, great. I just thought I'd point out a solid, well-supported system that has play speed as a core design value. Would you consider making an edit to your question at some point to let us all know how it turns out? – gomad Dec 13 '10 at 16:29
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If you and the other players sign up over on Wizard's web-site you can get the D&D Next rules downloaded. I would recommend everyone sign up because of the potential legal issues of the NDA. One of the goals of the rules is making it possible to run a complete adventure in an hour. I am sure they would be happy to have your feedback in the surveys to make this possible. I have played one game of the new D&D Next rules game and it was fun, felt like D&D and the combat moved dramatically quicker than the current production game.
Hope you guys have fun, DaddyDM.
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Although it didn't exist at the time this question was posted, Dungeon World could easily fit in one-hour chunks. It's quick to pick up. Character and party creation is easily under half an hour.
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Your Answer


text:
What is advocacy, communication and social mobilization?
Advocacy: Advocacy for TB is to be understood as a broad set of coordinated interventions, designed to place TB high on the political and development agenda, foster political will, increase and sustain financial and other resources.
Communication: Within countries, and in the context of TB control, communication primarily seeks to create and improve knowledge among the general public about TB (e.g. its symptoms and curability), TB control services (e.g. diagnosis and treatment) and improve interpersonal communication between patients and program providers contributing to behavioral change or to meet a particular behavioral goal.
Social Mobilization: In the national and sub-national contexts, social mobilization is a process of generating public will by actively securing broad consensus and social commitment within civil society to fight stigma and eliminate TB as a public health threat. That is, social mobilization seeks to convert knowledge into demonstrable action.


Munich Personal RePEc Archive
Who Does Bear the Costs of Compliance with Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures in Poor Countries?
Shafaeddin, Mehdi (2007): Who Does Bear the Costs of Compliance with Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures in Poor Countries?
Download (160kB) | Preview
Abstract This article is a part of a twin study. Drawing on the available evidence, in this paper the author examines the cost of compliance with Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) measures for poor countries with reference to Africa. He shows that the burden of cost of compliance is entirely on the exporters despite the fact that their capacity for the compliance is limited. He further indicate that that, in fact, the literature often disregards the cost of loss of exports, or rejection of products at the border of an importing country, let alone the cost of reorganization of the supply chain; the existing organization of supply chain in poor countries would result in the lack of export expansion. The purpose of the paper is not to have an exhaustive literature survey, but to draw on the scanty evidence related to the main argument of the study. More specifically, it is shown that the main characteristics of the SPS Agreement and the related measures applied by main importing countries are such that they require a complex, difficult and high cost "SPS" system. Such a system involves regulatory measures, policy re-orientation, and development of the necessary infrastructure, re-organization of the supply chain, enhanced capacity building and a forward looking strategy, particularly for exports. The preparation for the compliance is also difficult for the poor countries as it is knowledge intensive, requires a learning period, training and a close cooperation between the public and private sector in various stages of the supply chain. Yet the socio-economic cost of the lack of compliance is enormous. Generally speaking, the operational cost, alone, of compliance is estimated to be between 2 to 11 percent of value of export in the case of Africa; in each case it depends, however, on the type of product, the destination of exports, the capacity of the country for the compliance and the size of farm holdings and exporting enterprises and the organization of the supply chain. Further, the investment cost can be colossal; in some cases (e.g Mozambique) exceeding the total food exports of the country. The available studies provide estimates for the administrative cost of control, inspection, testing and certification at the border; but disregard more important costs such as the costs of delays in exportation or rejection at the port of importing countries. Thus they downplay the need for taking preventive measures and the related cost of reorganization of the supply chain. In a separate paper the author proposes alternative organization of the supply chain for reducing the cost of compliance while increasing its benefits (Shafaeddin, 2007). 2
MPRA is a RePEc service hosted by
the Munich University Library in Germany.


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S&P/ASX Buy-Write Index™
The S&P/ASX Buy-Write Index (XBW) replicates the performance of a well known option trading strategy where the investor holds a long position in a security and then writes (or sells) call options against the long position. The short call position earns option premium for the investor however the short call also limits the potential profit from the long security position.
In the case of the XBW, the underlying security is the S&P/ASX 200 Accumulation Index over which a S&P/ASX 200 Index call option is sold each quarter. Once an option series has been selected and a short option position established, the option position is held to expiry. At the expiry of the current option a new option to be sold is selected where the new option is the next quarterly option to expire and the next out of the money strike.
For more information on the XBW please view the Buy Write Strategy factsheet.
Australian Data
Why use options in equity portfolio management?
Options are a financial instrument that can be considered whenever equity fund managers seek to:
 - Generate extra returns: by writing options and collecting premium income when your market view is that you are happy to cap upside.
 - Reduce risk: by buying put options as insurance, or by writing premium income which cushions downside price moves.
 - Reduce transactions costs: by gaining exposure to stocks or an index using options, rather than paying full stock transactions costs.
 - Reduce market impact costs of acquiring stock: by accumulating exposure via options, and then selling those options when the required stock weight has been reached.
 - Capital gains implications: because you can effectively sell stock by selling call options, capital gains implications can be managed.
Buy-Write Examples
Market news
Source: Source DowJones View all Market news


text:
- parree (obsolete)
From earlier parree, from Middle English *parree, *paree, from Old French paree ("preparation, ceremony, parade"), from Medieval Latin parāta ("preparation, parade"), from Medieval Latin parāre ("to ward off, guard, defend, prepare, get ready"). More at pare. The English verb to parry is taken from the noun.
- To avoid, deflect, or ward off (an attack, a blow, an argument, etc.).
- 2011 September 28, Tom Rostance, "Arsenal 2 - 1 Olympiakos", in BBC Sport:
- Wojciech Szczesny was then called into action twice in a minute to parry fierce drives from Djebbour and Torossidis as Arsenal's back four looked all at sea.
parry (plural parries)
- A defensive or deflective action; an act of parrying.
- (fencing) A simple defensive action designed to deflect an attack, performed with the forte of the blade.
- (combat sports and martial arts) A defensive move intended to change the direction of an incoming strike to make it miss its intended target, rather than block and absorb it. Typically performed with an open hand in a downward or sideways slapping motion.


Assembly Instructions
From Jubilee
Revision as of 12:15, 15 November 2020 by Haytham (talk | contribs)
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Let the build begin! Image Credit: @Danal on Discord
Building a Jubilee tool changer platform can be broken down into the following high-level discrete stages: 1. Building the frame and tool-changer mechanism 2. Connecting the electronics 3. Building and connecting the Tools 4. Tuning the build for its target application
The instructions for one Jubilee frame are broken down below.
For assembly instructions and wiring diagrams related to tools, see the page for that particular tool from the Tools page.
Questions about the assembly? Check out the FAQs, or reach out on Discord.
Hardware
For the mechanical assembly, all subassemblies are detailed with step-by-step visual instructions.
Pre-requisite Knowledge
Frame Assembly Instructions
The instructions must be completed sequentially from Section 1 to Section 3. Instructions in the same section don't depend on each other, so they can be done at the same time with a friend.
Part Prep
Section I
Some instructions relate to older versions of the design. They are:
Section 2
Additionally, video Links to the CoreXY assembly are provided below:
Section 3
Electronics
duet2_frame_wiring.png
Pre-Requisite Knowledge
Wiring Diagrams
All wires needed for the frame are called out in the corresponding wiring diagrams. Important Note: XY motors and ZZZ motors have different pinouts, which means their wires will have a different color coding. This color coding is respected in the diagram, but it is easy to mix up the included cables in real life. Do keep motors and the wires they came with together as a pair. Do not mix motor cables.
Duet 2 Wiring
Duet3 Wiring
This wiring configuration matches the existing config files for the corresponding control board.
Supported Control Boards
Currently, only the Duet2 in conjunction with the Duex5 Expansion board is fully supported. To get a sense of the firmware requirements needed for porting Jubilee to other control boards, see the page on Adding Control Boards.
First Power-Up
Tuning
Depending on your machine's target application, you may need to do some additional tuning.
Tuning Before Your First 3D Print
Tuning Before Multicolor Drawing
Tools
For assembly instructions and wiring diagrams related to tools, see the page for that particular tool from the Tools page.


6 U.S. Code § 1136 - Security exercises
§ 1136.
Security exercises
(a) In general
The Secretary shall establish a program for conducting security exercises for public transportation agencies for the purpose of assessing and improving the capabilities of entities described in subsection (b) to prevent, prepare for, mitigate against, respond to, and recover from acts of terrorism.
(b) Covered entitiesEntities to be assessed under the program shall include—
Federal, State, and local agencies and tribal governments;
public transportation agencies;
governmental and nongovernmental emergency response providers and law enforcement personnel, including transit police; and
any other organization or entity that the Secretary determines appropriate.
(c) RequirementsThe Secretary shall ensure that the program—
(1) requires, for public transportation agencies which the Secretary deems appropriate, exercises to be conducted that are—
scaled and tailored to the needs of specific public transportation systems, and include taking into account the needs of the elderly and individuals with disabilities;
coordinated with appropriate officials;
inclusive, as appropriate, of frontline employees and managers; and
(2) provides that exercises described in paragraph (1) will be—
evaluated by the Secretary against clear and consistent performance measures;
assessed by the Secretary to learn best practices, which shall be shared with appropriate Federal, State, local, and tribal officials, governmental and nongovernmental emergency response providers, law enforcement personnel, including railroad and transit police, and appropriate stakeholders; and
followed by remedial action by covered entities in response to lessons learned;
involves individuals in neighborhoods around the infrastructure of a public transportation system; and
assists State, local, and tribal governments and public transportation agencies in designing, implementing, and evaluating exercises that conform to the requirements of paragraph (2).
(d) National Exercise Program
The Secretary shall ensure that the exercise program developed under subsection (a) is a component of the National Exercise Program established under section 748 of this title.
(e) Ferry system exemption
This section does not apply to any ferry system for which drills are required to be conducted pursuant to section 70103 of title 46.


text:
The map shows the zoning of the city and each house remoteness from the main transport arteries. The color of the buildings indicates their distance from the main roads, and the color of the zoning layer indicates the type of land use of the area. On the map, you can filter houses by their distance to the road, and using the bar chart, you can see the different zoning categories where these houses belong to.
- Construction planning
- City development
Key Technical Features
- Categorical Filtering
- Filtering by Quantitative Values


text:
Semi-Infinite Strip Problem in the Mechanics of Composite Materials
elasticity, bimaterial interface, semi-infinite strip, singularities
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
Many problems, ranging from interface-fiber fracture to determining the strength of fiber-matrix interfaces in composites, can be greatly assisted by a complete understanding of the boundary value problem of a semi-infinite strip. The specific boundary value problem of a semi-infinite strip with symmetric tractions on the transverse edges and normal loads on the end is investigated in the present study. The nature of the singular behavior in the slope of the end vertical displacement at the corner points is found. An asymptotic analysis of the solution shows that, depending on the nature of the applied stresses in the vicinity of the corner points, the singularity in the slope of the end vertical displacement may either be a power or logarithmic type, both, or not exist at all. Illustrative examples, for which exact or numerical results are known, are given. Numerical procedures are also given. The direct application of the results of the paper are illustrated for several problems in the mechanics of composite materials.
Was this content written or created while at USF?
Citation / Publisher Attribution
Journal of Composites, Technology and Research, v. 13, issue 2, p. 65-77
Scholar Commons Citation
Kaw, Autar and Goree, James, "Semi-Infinite Strip Problem in the Mechanics of Composite Materials" (1991). Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications. 194.