text:
Submitted by Zach Hyman
These objects hang from many balconies of multi-story buildings in urban Yangon. They can function as several things; a doorbell if you attach a bell to the end, and a mailbox if you hook a plastic bag around the end. Why not just use a normal doorbell, or get a conventional mailbox, you may ask? There isn't always electricity, and hence there isn't always a way to make the doorbell ring (despite the idea of a "bell" being something you can just hit to make work, the idea today is not that simple). Nobody wants to trudge up 6 flights of stairs in the dark only to find that the person who they wanted to see is not home - much easier to pull on a rope that has a bell attached to the top end of it so that if an apartment's inhabitants are home they will hear the bell and come to the balcony.
As for mailboxes, well, why incorporate something into a building in a dense urban environment where space is already very scarce when you can instead place it outside in the air, an uncrowded and relatively limitless space? Standard protocol dictates that a deliverer of any mail will give several courtesy rings on the ring-rope to notify inhabitants of a delivery.


text:
Certificate in Election Administration, Technology and Security (CEATS)
The purpose of the Certificate in Election Administration, Technology and Security (CEATS) at Ball State University is to
1) professionalize interest in election administration primarily within the state of Indiana,
2) provide instruction on operations of Direct Record Electronic voting system (DRE), Optical Scan voting system (OPSCAN) and Electronic Poll Book (ePBs),
3) instruct on DRE, OPSCAN and ePB troubleshooting,
4) information technology and security basics,
5) election personnel training and management,
6) election law and
7) election day reporting.
Election Administrators are expected to be proficient in a number of diverse areas including human resources, poll worker training, election and procedural law, budgets, physical space management, organizational communication, public relations, information technology, and cybersecurity. This diversity is not traditionally captured in any one single educational or training program.
A Certificate satisfies an unmet need of being able to house these domains of knowledge in one educational experience. With changes in the laws and technology associated with elections in the United States after 2000, a need has emerged to provide education in the area of Election Administration. The Certificate Program in Election Administration, Technology and Security aims to fill an unmet need within the state of Indiana.
Those who successfully complete the program will receive a certificate suitable for framing signed by the Indiana Secretary of State, the co-directors of the Indiana Election Division, the certificate program directors, and the President of Ball State University.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Natural Bridge Eagle
In 1921, the Florida Legislature authorized the construction of a monument to honor
those who fought and died during the March 6, 1865, Battle of Natural Bridge. Over the 90 years, the eagle mounted atop
the monument has seen significant damage from both vandalism and exposure to the elements.
The conservators with the Division of Historical Resources, in cooperation with the Florida Park Service
and the Alliance for Integrated Spatial Technology at UFSF, plan on restoring the majestic bird for indoor exhibit and
hope to create a more 'element-friendly' replica using 3D digital scans of the original to return to its perch atop the monument.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


the monitor stanza and then set the different sourcetypes via props/transforms by matching some regex in the host name. Ie: name your firewall hosts something like firewallhost1, firewallhost2 and your network hosts networkhost1, networkhost2 or whatever naming convention makes sense for your organization. Generally you want to assign separate sourcetypes to data with different timestamp formats. If the syslog data from both firewall and network devices have the same timestamp format you may want to re-evaluate why you are assigning different sourcetypes. The example below assumes we are setting different sourcetypes based on a regex match in the hostname configured on HF: **inputs.conf** [monitor:///opt/syslogs/paloalto/*/paloalto.log*] sourcetype = paloalto disabled = 0 host_segment = 4 #example host names which REGEX in transforms.conf will match: #firewallhost1 #networkhost1 **props.conf** [paloalto] TRANSFORMS-set_sourcetype = set_sourcetype_traffic,set_sourcetype_log **transforms.conf** [set_sourcetype_traffic] FORMAT = paloalto:network:traffic REGEX = firewallhost SOURCE_KEY = MetaData:Host DEST_KEY = MetaData:Sourcetype [set_sourcetype_log] FORMAT = paloalto:network:log REGEX = networkhost SOURCE_KEY = MetaData:Host DEST_KEY = MetaData:Sourcetype with the above configuration you will get events with sourcetype=paloalto:network:traffic for hosts named firewallhost* and sourcetype=paloalto:network:log for hosts named networkhost* Alternatively you could create separate directories on your syslog-ng/HF host to receive the syslog data into and set everything as desired in inputs.conf on HF: **inputs.conf** [monitor:///opt/syslogs/paloalto/firewall/*/paloalto.log*] sourcetype = paloalto:network:traffic disabled = 0 index = firewall host_segment = 5 [monitor:///opt/syslogs/paloalto/network/*/paloalto.log*] sourcetype = paloalto:network:log disabled = 0 index = network host_segment = 5 Tue, 12 Dec 2017 21:27:54 GMT rphillips_splunk Comment by rphillips_splunk on rphillips_splunk's comment _URL_ @hemnaath it sounds like you have two input monitor stanzas with the same monitor path but two different sourcetypes. Is that accurate? [monitor:///opt/syslogs/paloalto/.../paloalto.log*] index=firewall sourcetype=paloalto:network:traffic host_segment = 4 [monitor:///opt/syslogs/paloalto/.../paloalto.log*] index=firewall sourcetype=paloalto:network:log host_segment = 4 Tue, 12 Dec 2017 18:58:00 GMT rphillips_splunk Comment by Hemnaath on Hemnaath's comment _URL_ hi adoino, thanks for your effort, it was type error which i had made while posting the question, now i have corrected the question. Paloalto firewall are reaching the syslogs servers under the path/opt/syslogs/paloalto/device3pano.xxx..com/paloalto.log the same server is used as Heavy forwarder server to read the syslog data directly from the path /opt/syslogs/paloalto/.../paloalto.log* in to splunk. inputs.conf details: [monitor:///opt/syslogs/paloalto/.../paloalto.log*] index=firewall sourcetype=paloalto:network:log host_segment = 4 Kindly guide me on how to troubleshoot this issue. Tue, 12 Dec 2017 18:21:22 GMT Hemnaath Comment by adonio _URL_ looks like the source is off Paloalto firewall are reaching the syslogs servers under the path/**opt/syslogs/paloalto/device3pano.xxx..com/paloalto.log** the same server is used as Heavy forwarder server to read the syslog data directly from the path **/opt/syslogs/mguard/.../paloalto.log*** in to splunk. Tue, 12 Dec 2017 18:07:21 GMT adonio


1
I have a geopandas GeoDataFrame with Polygon geometry and I am calculating the area of the polygon, however, I am not sure what the unit is for the area.
import geopandas as gpd
from shapely.geometry import Polygon
 # create two dummy polygons
 poly1 = Polygon([(35.8,-98.666), (35.81,-98.656), (35.822,-98.662), (35.824,-98.678)])
 poly2 = Polygon([(35.527,-98.709), (35.537,-98.699), (35.55,-98.706), (35.552,-98.722)])
 # create a geopandas DataFrame with two rows
 data = {'name': ['Polygon 1', 'Polygon 2'], 'geometry': [poly1, poly2]}
 df = gpd.GeoDataFrame(data, crs='EPSG:4326')
I'd like to reproject the geometry and calculate the area in square meters or another linear unit, however, I have been having issues with re-projection and transforming geometries:
 'df['geometry'][0].area'
when I attempt to convert the crs to a projected coordinate reference system, I get Polygon (Inf Inf....).
df.to_crs('EPSG:32610', inplace=True)
df.crs
Expected output is to calculate the area() in square meters units.
6
 - 1
 Does this answer help? Are you sure your input coordinates are long/lat?
 – Mike T
 May 3, 2023 at 1:46
 - 1
 Why would you expect that to work? Your dummy coordinates are nowhere near your UTM Zone. Try dummy coords actually in UTM zone 10N like poly1 = Polygon([(-125,49), (-124,49), (-124,50), (-125,50)]). Or provide us with some actual data so we can test and replicate.
 – user2856
 May 3, 2023 at 3:48
 - 1
 Does this answer your question? Calculating the Area by Square Feet with Geopandas
 – gene
 May 3, 2023 at 9:05
 - Or project into EPSG:32631 (WGS 84 / UTM zone 31 North) where your test latitudes and longitudes would fall.
 – mkennedy
 May 3, 2023 at 12:33
 - @user2856 I have updated the post with some actual data. The geometries represent locations in Texas.
 – kms
 May 3, 2023 at 16:45
1 Answer 1
1
Have you reversed lat and long? If you swap them it works:
import geopandas as gpd
from shapely.geometry import Polygon
coords1 = [(35.8,-98.666), (35.81,-98.656), (35.822,-98.662), (35.824,-98.678)]
coords1 = [x[::-1] for x in coords1] #Reverse lat lon
#[(-98.666, 35.8), (-98.656, 35.81), (-98.662, 35.822), (-98.678, 35.824)]
coords2 = [(35.527,-98.709), (35.537,-98.699), (35.55,-98.706), (35.552,-98.722)]
coords2 = [x[::-1] for x in coords2]
poly1 = Polygon(coords1)
poly2= Polygon(coords2)
data = {'name': ['Polygon 1', 'Polygon 2'], 'geometry': [poly1, poly2]}
df = gpd.GeoDataFrame(data, crs='EPSG:4326')
df.apply(lambda x: x.geometry.is_valid, axis=1)
#0 True
#1 True
df = df.to_crs(epsg=26915)
df.apply(lambda x: x.geometry.is_valid, axis=1)
# 0 True #Both were invalid with your original coordinates
# 1 True
df["area_m2"] = df.geometry.area
# 0 2.722672e+06
# 1 2.904215e+06
enter image description here
2
 - I swapped the axes to long, lat ...POLYGON ((-97.489 28.834, -97.479 28.844, -97.... and then gdf.geometry.area, I am still not seeing the values in square meters. The crs of the geoDataFrame is Projected CRS: EPSG:26915
 – kms
 May 4, 2023 at 18:45
 - I get approximately 0.000570 when running .area() method on geometry column.
 – kms
 May 4, 2023 at 21:26
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How to Respond to a Pay Rise Request
How to Respond to a Pay Rise Request
by Geoff Balmer
Rl Pay Rise Request2 Featured Image 768x426
An employee approaching you for a quick conversation to request a pay rise is a familiar scenario for most Accounting managers. However, if not handled correctly, it is still one that can be problematic, with the worst-case scenario being the beginning of the end of a great employment relationship. This article provides a clear overview of what to do when it's time to talk to an employee about pay rates and salary negotiation, as well as how to make this scenario easier in the future.
What to Do When an Employee Requests a Pay Rise
If an employee requests a pay rise, always treat it as a serious conversation. Rather than responding immediately, book a convenient time for both parties to sit down and discuss the matter. Doing this has the benefit of buying you some time to think and consider your potential response.
During the meeting itself, remain calm and listen to why the employee believes they have a strong case for a pay rise. It is important though that the discussion is as factual as possible to limit any possible angry, defensive or deflective reactions.
Maybe the employee is of the opinion that their remuneration is below the industry average and the market is paying more for similar jobs. Or perhaps the person's duties have changed, with additional responsibilities, an updated job description or the need for a heightened skillset. Maybe the company is performing well financially and the loyal employee thinks it is time they caught up on their perceived poor increases from previous salary surveys or reviews. Or they could be going through some personal financial hardships. Let's face it, there are a myriad of reasons why employees raise requests for increased pay.
In this scenario one of our favourite tips is to use the phrase 'tell me more'. By doing this you dig down into the detail behind the request and ensure you are armed with the full story from which to make a decision.
After listening to the employee's reasoning and acknowledging their courage at raising the issue, the next golden rule is to always avoid making a decision on the spot, even if the logical response is an immediate "No!". Instead, advise them of the process you will take to consider their pay rise request and when you will get back to them.
How to Evaluate a Pay Rise Request
So how do you evaluate an employee's pay rise request? A good start is to look at the individual's performance in comparison to the rest of the team to ascertain if they deserve a pay rise. Have they met their KPI's? Is their performance aligned to the job description? Have they added value to the team and the business? Do they live up to the company values? If possible, consult with human resources or other peers in the organisation that have the expertise and experience to assist in this area.
If you can, it's worthwhile to benchmark the role internally and also review external data across similar industries together with other contributing factors. Industry salary surveys such as the Richard Lloyd Sydney Accounting Salary Report provide current industry average rates as well as insights on location, company size and other variables that may impact salary.
This research, unfortunately can only provide average pay rates, but the employee in question may not be 'average'. They might be an over-performer with additional responsibilities or they could have a skill set that is rare in the Sydney Accounting market and therefore may not easily fit into the average salary bands that work for most of the team.
If the company is financially unable to offer the employee an increase but you believe they still deserve a pay rise, then perhaps there are other options you could consider? Perhaps non-monetary incentives such as extra training, holidays or flexible hours would work in lieu of a salary negotiation.
The final piece of the puzzle is to fully understand the implications should you have to replace the employee if you can't give them what they want. If you think you have no 'wiggle' room for a pay rise because of budget constraints consider the cost of your time, possible cost of recruitment and the possibility you may need to pay more to a new employee. Suddenly, as long as the individual is worthy, a small pay rise might be the best approach!
How to Respond to an Employee Pay Rise Request
When it's time to talk, always be considered in your approach to the delivery of the pay rise response. Explain your process, talk about your research and your discussions with HR and Senior Management.
If you're delivering bad news to a salary increase request, we recommend providing feedback promptly and succinctly in a private environment to ensure your employee understands the reasons behind your decision. Ensure this is carried out in a positive manner that doesn't discourage them from initiating a similar pay rise discussion in the future, as this helps to foster an open relationship based on trust. Also allow them time to digest the disappointing news and ask any questions they need to before rushing them out the door.
Should the response to their request be positive, make your reasoning obvious and also explain that this is a unique case and not the norm. If you don't make this clear, you can run the risk of other employees who don't necessarily deserve a pay rise also seeking pay review meetings.
Lastly the response does not need to be a definitive "yes" or "no", there is a third option. A "not right now" is the official "maybe" clause. Perhaps map out a way to move forward, discussing what they need to do to get to that next stage in their professional development and be financially rewarded for it. It could be undertaking additional responsibilities, changing their job decsription to encompass greater accountability or offering them a new temporary project.
How to Plan for Future Situations Where an Employee May Ask for a Pay Rise
To ensure you are well-prepared for the future when staff raise requests for a salary negotiation, it is a good idea to put a plan or policy in place. This plan should cover how pay rise requests are dealt within the organisation, including a self-evaluation form to be completed with every request. This can help to avoid 'ambush meeting' scenarios where the manager is accosted at unexpected times to discuss pay rates. It also makes it easier for employees who may not have the courage to request a raise (and therefore just quit) to bring the issue to your attention only after putting thought into their request.
Unless there are extraordinary circumstances, it is most common and appropriate to consider and communicate salary pay rises on an annual basis during the performance review season.
A pay rise request may be an indication that an employee is dissatisfied and ready to start a new accounting job search. It is important to note that not every employee will be direct about pro-actively discussing a raise in their salary. Some may drop subtle hints around salary or even mention they were approached by a recruiter, others may do nothing at all. Keep an eye out for these indicators and be cognisant of also identifying and addressing the salary needs of those who don't ask.
The right response to a pay rise request will depend on a number of factors; the business, the budget, the job description and of course the employee in question. Providing you've been thorough in your review process and clearly presented the reasons around the decision, for or against, then most employees respect you for tackling the issue with empathy and credibility.
At Richard Lloyd, we have our pulse on the Sydney Accounting market, if you'd like to discuss specific benchmarking data for a role in your Accounting team or for yourself please feel free to get in touch with our team.


text:
Using soil seed banks to assess temporal patterns of genetic variation in invasive plant populations.
Most research on the genetics of invasive plant species has focused on analyzing spatial differences among existing populations. Using a long-established Gunnera tinctoria population from Ireland, we evaluated the potential of using plants derived from seeds associated with different soil layers to track genetic variation through time. This species and site were chosen because (1) G. tinctoria produces a large and persistent seed bank; (2) it has been present in this locality, Sraheens, for ∼90 years; (3) the soil is largely undisturbed; and (4) the soil's age can be reliably determined radiometrically at different depths. Amplified fragment length polymorphic markers (AFLPs) were used to assess differences in the genetic structure of 75 individuals sampled from both the standing population and from four soil layers, which spanned 18 cm (estimated at ∼90 years based on 210Pb and 137Cs dating). While there are difficulties in interpreting such data, including accounting for the effects of selection, seed loss, and seed migration, a clear pattern of lower total allele counts, percentage polymorphic loci, and genetic diversity was observed in deeper soils. The greatest percentage increase in the measured genetic variables occurred prior to the shift from the lag to the exponential range expansion phases and may be of adaptive significance. These findings highlight that seed banks in areas with long-established invasive populations can contain valuable genetic information relating to invasion processes and as such, should not be overlooked.


text:
With hardwoods, the story is quite different. Hardwoods are sold by the board foot, which is a calculation of the cubic size of the board. A board foot is 12 inches by 12 inches by 1 inch, or one-twelfth of a cubic foot.
To begin, one must first understand the thicknesses of hardwoods. Typically, board thicknesses will be listed in fourths:
- 3/4 =.75 inch in thickness
- 4/4 = 1.00 inch
- 5/4 = 1.25 inches
- 6/4 = 1.50 inches
- 7/4 = 1.75 inches
- 8/4 = 2.00 inches and so on...
(length x width x thickness)/144
All of the dimensions in this formula are in inches. For instance, a 10-inch wide, 3/4 board that measures 96-inches in length would come out to five board feet: (96 x 10 x.75)/144 = 5
In another example, a 6/4 board that is 8 inches wide and 6-feet long (72 inches) would be six board feet: (72 x 8 x 1.50)/144 = 6
If you know the board feet measurement of each board and you know how much the lumberyard charges per board foot, you can determine the cost for that board. For instance, if the two boards above were oak, and you know that the lumberyard charges $18 per board foot for oak, in the first example above, the cost for the board would be $90 (5 BF x $18 per BF = $90).
In the second example, the price for that board would be $108 (6 BF x $18 = $108).
It's important to verify the price per board when you buy or sell lumber, because some yards like adjust to round numbers. In other words, if you try to buy three boards of oak that measure out to 6.72 BF, 5.69 BF and 7.71 BF, the lumberyard might try to round each board up to 7, 6 and 8 respectively. This seemingly minor adjustment would end up costing you an additional $15.84 over the actual BF prices for the three boards.
When going to buy hardwoods, don't be afraid to challenge their measurements. It doesn't hurt to keep a small calculator in your pocket and calculate the prices to check their figures. Most lumberyards will calculate it properly, but as you can see, just a small rounding can end up costing you quite a bit in the long run.


or during encounters with gusts. In this work, constrained control methods are investigated to design maneuver and gust load alleviation systems to keep the loads on these very flexible aircraft within safety limits. Two control architectures based on Model Predictive Control are proposed: one that integrates the automatic pilot and the load alleviation objectives into a single system; and the other that augments an existing flight control system with a reference governor to enable load alleviation. Load alleviation is achieved by performing shape control of the flexible structure by imposing curvature constraints on critical stations on the wing and tail. Linear and nonlinear Model Predictive Control designs are considered for aircraft with different levels of flexibility, as well as a formulation based on scenario optimization for handling multiple mass configurations. For gust load alleviation, feedforward control is applied based on disturbance preview provided by LIDAR measurements. Because these vehicles are infinite dimensional systems, the main obstacle to the deployment of these load alleviation systems is their computational cost. The control design for these large-scale systems is tackled by using model order reduction techniques and strategies to reduce the constrained control implementation cost. The use of linear and nonlinear reduced-order aeroservoelastic models for prediction in Model Predictive Control is studied. Furthermore, methods to reduce the number of constraints are proposed. In particular, constraint aggregation methods in optimal control are investigated by apply [...] Mateus De Freitas Virgilio Pereira, University, My work_fvhctf4rwja5lbqv6uzmfgqxqq Tue, 06 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT


text:
Bending reliability of screen-printed vias for a flexible energy module
Kujala, Manu; Kololuoma, Terho; Keskinen, Jari; Lupo, Donald; Mäntysalo, Matti; Kraft, Thomas M. (2020)
Kraft, Thomas M.
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
The future of printed electronics involves advancements not only related to full system integration, but also lean process manufacturing. A critical aspect of this progress is developed in this study, which evaluates a highly flexible screen printed through-hole-via using silver microparticle inks, for applications in energy harvesting and storage modules. The printed vias' fabrication and durability are evaluated by means of a double sided screen-printing method and repetitive (cyclic) bending tests. Vias, through 125-µm-thick PET foil, were laser cut (nominally 50, 100, 150, and 200 µm diameters) then filled, and simultaneously connected to adjacent vias by screen printing. To investigate the use of the printed via in a monolithic energy module, the vias were used for the fabrication of a flexible printed supercapacitor containing aqueous electrolyte and carbon electrodes. The results indicate that the lower viscosity silver ink (DuPont 5064H) fills the via less effectively than the higher viscosity ink (Asahi LS411AW), and as the via size increases (≥150 µm diameter) via walls are coated rather than filled. Conversely, the more viscous ink fills the via thoroughly and exhibited a 100% yield (1010 vias; 100 µm nominal via diameter) with the two-step direct screen-printing method. The 10-mm radius bending test showed no signs of via specific breakdown after 30,000 cycles. The results indicate that this via filling process is likely roll-to-roll compatible to enable multi-layered printed electronic devices.
- TUNICRIS-julkaisut


text:
Medically speaking, the "side stitches" that you experience are called "exercise-related transient abdominal pains" or ETAPs. These stitches are very common and not serious, although they can be painful and can put a crimp in your exercise session. (People who exercise are much more likely than couch potatoes to experience ETAPs.)
Stitches are cramps or spasms in the diaphragm, the muscle that separates your abdominal organs from your chest and lungs. When you inhale, your diaphragm drops down; when you exhale, it expands upwards. But vigorous movement can jerk the diaphragm down when it is expanding upward, leading to a "stitch." You may have noticed that stitches usually occur on your right side - this is because the diaphragm is attached to the liver, which is on the right.
To prevent stitches, you can try the following tricks:
- Breathe evenly and deeply, not shallowly, using your diaphragm. You're breathing correctly for exercise if you can see or feel your belly expand when you inhale.
- Avoid running downhill (it increases the force on your body, making stitches more likely to occur).
- Avoid big meals for three hours prior to exercise.
- Cut back a bit on the fluids you drink before and during exercise to see if this helps.
- Purse your lips when you exhale and inhale. This can both relieve and prevent stitches.
- Stretch your diaphragm muscles before exercise. Just raise your right arm overhead and bend to the left. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds and then repeat on the other side.
- Slow your pace - stitches may not occur as frequently.
- Watch your breathing to make sure you're not always inhaling as the same foot hits the ground. Try to alternate breathing in and out on opposite feet.
When you get a stitch, bend forward slightly and massage the area. (Most people do this naturally to ease the pain.)
Andrew Weil, M.D.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
a yoga & creative movement lesson
for parents & teachers of children from preschool-5th grade
Some Animals Migrate
"Migrate" means to move somewhere warmer for the winter season, and then come back when it's spring.
- Monarch Butterflies fly to Mexico and southern California to escape the cold winters of the north. For Butterfly Pose, sit on the floor with the bottoms of your feet touching, and knees bent. Hold on to your ankles or toes with your hands. Sit up tall and move your legs up and down like the flapping wings of a butterfly.
- Snow Geese are large, white birds with black-tipped wings that take the Central Flyway route from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico, passing over lots of rich farmland where they can stop and eat grain. For our Goose Pose (Low Lunge), let's stand on our knees and put one foot on the floor in front of you, leaning forward. Open your arms to the sides and flap them up and down, slowly and then faster and faster. Try putting your other foot forward, and flap your wings again. Can you take off into the sky from this shape? (If you have enough students and enough space, you can make a "V" shape and try to move together like a flock of geese.)
- Reindeer (Caribou) travel the farthest of all migrating animals, up to 5,000 miles, looking for forests where they can search under the snow for food. They are fast runners and can also swim across lakes and rivers to get where they are going. Stand up with your feet wide, like Warrior 1 Pose. Bend your front knee (toes forward) but keep the back leg straight (toes turn to side). Attach your thumbs to the sides of your head above your ears, fingers spread out like antlers. Lift your head and look up to the sky. Then lean forward, lowering head in front of knee to look for food under the snow. Then repeat with the other foot forward.
- Humans! Lots of people like to leave the cold weather and travel somewhere warm for part of the winter, or all of the winter. How do they get to a warm place far away? Let's try flying in Airplane Pose. Balance on one foot with your other leg lifted behind you like the tail of a jet. Tip forward and reach your arms out to the sides like sturdy airplane wings. Try changing legs.
"Adapt" means to change how you look or how you act. Let's talk about some animals who change when the winter comes!
- Squirrels gather and store extra food for the long winter, when they might not be able to find much to eat. Usually, they don't like when other squirrels come into their favorite hiding spots, but in the winter they share their homes, huddling together to keep warm. Stand up with your feet apart, as wide as your body. Bend your knees like you're about to sit in a chair--Chair Pose. Bring your elbows close to your sides, lifting cupped hands up in front of your chest like squirrel's hands. Wiggle your back side as though you have a tall bushy tail to wave.
If you have a group of students, try these Squirrel Games:
Pass the Acorn: Stand in a circle, everyone in Squirrel Pose. Pass an "acorn" (any small object about the size of an orange) from squirrel to squirrel, holding it only with the inside edges of your hands (no fingers). Make sure everyone keeps their knees bent until the acorn goes all the way around the circle.
Scatter and Huddle: Squirrels roam around the room in whatever ways the children imagine squirrels might--darting, shuffling, pausing to twitch their noses, until the teacher rings a bell or calls out "Huddle!" Move into the middle of the room to keep each other warm, until the bell rings again or the teacher calls out "Scatter!"
- Fish in some cold places spend their winters being very active and moving around a lot so their bodies don't freeze. Lay down on your belly and lift your legs and arms. Swish your feet like a tail and paddle your hands like fins, twisting your body from side to side. Move so you don't freeze!
- Snowshoe Rabbits are a rusty brown color... until it snows! Then their fur turns white so they match the snow and they can't be seen by animals who might try to eat them. Also, their feet are large and hairy so they don't sink down into the snowdrifts. For Rabbit Pose, sit on your shins and tip forward slowly till your head touches the mat in front of your knees. Reach your arms alongside your shins toward your ankles and start to lift your seat off your legs, keeping your head on the floor. Imagine you are hiding in the snow!
- Humans! People adapt to cold winter weather by wearing lots of warm clothes and eating hot food and drinking hot drinks. Hot Chocolate Breath: Take a seat and hold your hands around an imaginary mug. Breathe in and smell your cocoa. Do you like marshmallows in it? Or some whip cream and sprinkles? Breathe out slowly through your mouth, so your breath warms your hands. Repeat a few a few more times, breathing in through your nose and breathing out warm breath through your mouth. If you want to add a movement game for a larger group, this would be a great time to play a Bundle-Up Relay Race, with two piles of oversized sweaters, hats, scarves, mittens, etc, at one end of the room. In two lines, a student from each team runs to the clothes, puts them all on and runs back, where they tag the next person in line to return to the former pile with them. The first player takes all the items off and goes to the end of their line while the next player puts them on. Continue till one team's last player is dressed in the warm clothes.
Some Animals Hibernate
"Hibernate" means to take a long nap during winter.
- Grizzly Bears sleep from 5-7 months of the year. They eat a lot before they hibernate, and then they don't eat or go to the bathroom until winter is over. Let's Bear Walk, on hands and feet, around the room, getting slower and slower and more tired until finally, we curl up and sleep.
- Box Turtles get so quiet during hibernation that they don't even breathe! Their skin takes in oxygen while they rest. Turtle Pose: Sit with your legs in front of you and the bottoms of your feet touching, so your legs form a diamond shape. Slide your hands, palms down, under your ankles and round your back, letting your forehead rest on your feet (or above your feet). It's nice and dark and quiet in your turtle shell.
- Humans! Of course we don't sleep for months, but many people in cold places are less active in the winter, staying inside and maybe curling up with a blanket next to a fire. Let's stack our legs in Firelog Pose, sitting on the floor and crossing one shin on top of the other. Rub your hands together until they feel warm, and then give yourself a big warm hug. Make a fire with the other leg on top.
"Dormant" is a way of hibernating, when the animal's body goes "on pause" for the winter. Part of their body may even freeze, but they wake up again when it gets warmer.
- Frogs can go dormant in the mud at the bottom of a pond, or by burrowing into old leaves on the ground. Their body temperature drops and they get almost as cold as the earth around them. Frog Pose, squatting low with your sticky, webbed hands gripping the floor in front of you. Try a few hops and then stop moving and show a frozen frog shape!
- Snakes in some places burrow into little tunnels underground, where the temperature is cold but not freezing. They do not move or eat for months. Laying on your belly with legs and feet touching, reach your arms by your sides as though you don't have arms at all, in Snake Pose. Lift your head and shoulders away from the floor and look from one side to the other, hissing. Wiggle into an imaginary burrow and show what a dormant snake might look like.
- Insects, such as the Ladybird Beetle (Ladybug) find a sheltered spot to sleep in a dormant state till it warms up. We can do Flipped Bug Pose (a nicer way to say Dead Bug pose) by laying on our backs with our knees bent toward our armpits, bottoms of feet up to the ceiling. Now hold on to your feet with your hands and rock side to side a few times. Then find a paused shape, like a sleepy ladybug.
- Humans! Though we don't hibernate or go dormant like some animals do, deep rest is very important to our health. Let's practice the best yoga pose of all, Final Resting Pose, or Savasana, for a few minutes and let our muscles, bones, heart and brain be soft and calm. Make yourself comfortable on your mat and feel very heavy and quiet. Listen to your breath. (Teachers/Parents, you may want to dim the lights, turn on soft music or count slowly to ten so the children know how long they will be resting for. After sitting up and stretching and yawning, talk about how good it would feel to wake up after months of sleep. Where would you go? What would you eat?


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Against the 'Stars'
Doris Cole, From Tipi to Skyscraper: A History of Women in Architecture, Boston: i Press, 136 pages, 1973, ISBN: _PHONE_
Doris Cole's From Tipi to Skyscraper (1973) was the first history of women in architecture published in the United States (Figure 1). Although a slim volume, it made a significant historiographical contribution to feminist literature in architecture when it was published. This contribution was due in part to the limited scholarly resources available but also to Cole's position outside academia, which allowed her to draw on sources that might have been frowned upon otherwise.
Cole's book was directly connected with feminist activism in architecture. Starting in the early 1970s, women architects in the United States began to organize in response to the mainstream women's movement. Feminist architects formed professional groups, mounted exhibitions, organized conferences, and petitioned professional associations to take the plight of women seriously. Although Cole's text was not overtly polemical, it can be seen as a form of activism. Natalie Kampen and Elizabeth Grossman (1983) observed that it was practicing architects like Cole and not historians who began the work of researching women architects of the past, much as artists had initiated the scholarship on the history of women artists. Feminist architects wanted to prove that, despite their low numbers, women belonged in the profession and that they were not new to it. In the introduction to From Tipi to Skyscraper, Cole explicitly states that one of her goals for the study was to encourage more women to become architects (Cole 1973: ix). She also wanted to challenge canonical architectural historiography, with its emphasis on the careers of individual male practitioners.
When Cole was writing her book, the majority of architectural history publications in the United States consisted of monographs on individual architects, particular buildings, building types, or periods and styles. The history curriculum in architecture schools focused on 'great men and great monuments', continuing the humanist ideal of the architect as a genius. As several scholars have demonstrated, including Linda Nochlin (1971) and Christine Battersby (1989), genius is a gendered concept. Its construction in the modern period was implicitly male and by definition excluded women. As Sherry Ahrentzen (1996) argues, this is especially true of the architect, a male hero-figure considered the sole creator of his oeuvre. This is a persistent myth despite decades of efforts to debunk it, a myth reinforced by the monographic approach to architectural history. Although in the 1970s and 1980s the focus of architectural history was broadening, the discipline continued to be dominated by figures such as Frank Lloyd Wright, Le Corbusier, and Mies van der Rohe.
In a radically different approach to canonical histories of the era, Cole does not include the profiles of individual practitioners. Instead, her text offers a social history of women's engagement with the built environment and analyzes the contexts of women's lives that limited their ability to become professional architects and the opportunities available for those who did. In five chapters, she tells a progressive story of women's increased influence on the built environment in the United States, from non-professionals to trained architects. To tell this story, she draws on a variety of sources, including magazine articles, general history books, etiquette and domestic reform manuals, interviews, and, for the final chapter, the responses to a letter she sent out to practicing women architects across the country.
Beginning with the colonial period, she highlights how non-professional women designed, wrote about, and oversaw the management of buildings, particularly domestic spaces. Female members of indigenous tribes, for example, owned and were often responsible for the construction of the dwellings; authors of domestic handbooks and etiquette guides were as concerned (if not more so) with the technical aspect of building as the aesthetics of homes; middleand upper-class women established settlement houses; and former slaves in the South founded colleges. Although few women became professional architects before the late 19th century, Cole argues that much of the work that women did to improve their homes and communities could be considered architectural as it dealt with the physical and social environments of both. Cole reports that more women gained access to architecture schools by the 1880s, but it was not until 1916, when the Cambridge School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture was opened exclusively for women, that a significant number of them received professional training. Cole ends the book with a survey of the contemporary status of women in the profession. As she does throughout the book, she emphasizes women's preoccupation with social concerns, even as they resisted stereotypes about the types of projects they were suited to, notably domestic architecture.
Cole's work set the precedence for feminist histories that refused to elevate a few 'stars' and instead included non-professional women and ordinary practitioners. Like From Tipi to Skyscraper, Women in American Architecture (1977) — which accompanied an exhibition at the Brooklyn Museum curated by Susana Torre — incorporates contextual analyses to explain the restrictions women had faced in becoming professional architects. As had Cole (who contributed a chapter to the catalogue), Torre also included domestic reformers, such as Catherine Beecher, and other non-professional women who played an important role in shaping the built environment, particularly the design of houses. This expanded definition of architecture and the inclusion of non-architects was continued in other feminist architectural histories published soon after the exhibition. Both Gwendolyn Wright's Moralism and the Model Home (1980) and Dolores Hayden's The Grand Domestic Revolution (1981), two key texts in early feminist literature in architecture, fell outside the purview of canonical architectural history. Following Cole, they did not focus on individual women architects. Instead, Wright's book was a social history of housing in Chicago from 1873 to 1913 which examined the role that builders, women writers, and domestic reformers, as well as professional architects, played in shaping the ideology around the home and the design of houses. Like Cole, Wright relied on unorthodox sources such as women's magazines. Hayden's book excavated the history of the 'material feminists' (as she called them), multiple generations of reformers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries who sought to improve women's status in society by restructuring domestic labor and environments.
Despite the perception that feminist architectural history in the United States began with the recovery of the histories of individual women architects, an examination of the first publications, especially those of Cole, Torre, Wright, and Hayden, demonstrates that the goals of feminist architects and scholars in the United States were broader and included non-professional actors and vernacular domestic architecture routinely left out of architectural histories. This was a viable strategy to increase the number of women in the history of a field that mostly excluded them. The expansion of actors shaping the built environment became a hallmark of a new feminist historiography in architecture and would lead to later texts such as Alice Friedman's Women and the Making of the Modern House. Cole's reliance on non-conventional sources of evidence, out of necessity in her case, helped legitimize them for feminist scholarship in architecture.
Although the early scholarship mostly lacked the discussions of gender, race, and class that preoccupy today's intersectional feminists scholars in architecture, we remain indebted to this work for initiating a field of study that went beyond a definition of architecture which included women in a range of roles, both professional and non-professional. As feminist historians re-reading this work today, we are reminded of whose shoulders we stand on as we continue to challenge canonical histories.
Online Resources on Architectural Historiography during Fourth Wave Feminism
I. Moisset et al., Un día|Una arquitecta, 2015, _URL_ G. Cascelli Farinasso et al., Arquitetas (in)visíveis, 2014, _URL_ M. McLeod and V. Rosner, Pioneer Women of American Architecture, 2014, _URL_
The three online resources discussed in this review, Un día|Una arquitecta, Arquitetas (in)visíveis, and Pioneer Women of American Architecture, exemplify the impact of the fourth wave of feminism on architectural historiography. Not only do they share the mission of bringing marginalized women architects to the attention of the wider public, but they also use digital technology and the internet as new platforms to denounce sexism and create alliances among feminist architects. The chosen websites were all launched by collectives of American architectural historians and are among the most activist platforms in America today. In particular, they make extensive use of biographies, written in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, that are available through various media and therefore contribute in an important way to the iteration of the feminist movement in architecture.
Un día|Una arquitecta (One Day|A Woman Architect) is a blog established in 2014 by a collective of Spanish-speaking women scholars of architecture in Argentina. Just as the title suggests, their goal at that time was to post one biography of a woman architect every day for one year. Initially founded and edited by Inés Moisset, Daniela Arias Laurino, Zaida Muxí, Florencia Marciani, Cecilia Kesman, and Gueni Ojeda, the community expanded as more collaborators gradually joined, and today over seventy specialists, mainly from Latin America and Spain, are involved. Launched on International Women's Day, 8 March 2015, Un día|Una arquitecta has since completed four cycles of the


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Background: The effect of extreme temperature has become an increasing public health concern. Evaluating the impact of ambient temperature on morbidity has received less attention than its impact on mortality.
Methods: We performed a systematic literature review and extracted quantitative estimates of the effects of hot temperatures on cardiorespiratory morbidity. There were too few studies on effects of cold temperatures to warrant a summary. Pooled estimates of effects of heat were calculated using a Bayesian hierarchical approach that allowed multiple results to be included from the same study, particularly results at different latitudes and with varying lagged effects.
Results: Twenty-one studies were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled results suggest an increase of 3.2% (95% posterior interval = -3.2% to 10.1%) in respiratory morbidity with 1°C increase on hot days. No apparent association was observed for cardiovascular morbidity (-0.5% [-3.0% to 2.1%]). The length of lags had inconsistent effects on the risk of respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity, whereas latitude had little effect on either.
Conclusions: The effects of temperature on cardiorespiratory morbidity seemed to be smaller and more variable than previous findings related to mortality.


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Mediterranean Enlightenment: Livornese Jews, Tuscan Culture, and Eighteenth-Century Reform (BOK)
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Sendes vanligvis innen 7-15 dager
The Mediterranean port of Livorno was home to one of the most prominent and privileged Jewish enclaves of early modern Europe. Focusing on Livornese Jewry, this book offers an alternative perspective on Jewish acculturation during the eighteenth century, and reassesses common assumptions about the interactions of Jews with outside culture and the impact of state reforms on the corporate Jewish community. Working from a vast array of previously untapped archival and literary sources, Francesca Bregoli combines cultural analysis with a study of institutional developments to investigate Jewish responses to Enlightenment thought and politics, as well as non-Jewish perceptions of Jews, through an exploration of Jewish-Christian cultural exchange, sites of sociability, and reformist policies. Mediterranean Enlightenment shows that Livornese Jewish scholars engaged with Enlightenment ideals and aspired to contribute to society at large without weakening the boundaries of traditional Jewish life. By arguing that the privileged status of Livorno Jewry had conservative rather than liberalizing effects, it also challenges the notion that economic utility facilitates Jewish integration, nuancing received wisdom about processes of emancipation in Europe.


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ADDITIONAL MATERIALParc cutting template
PUBLIC EXHIBITION SPACE
Is it possible to create a public debate on urban space - around town and on the Internet? A debate that reaches out to a wider audience than the traditional exhibition form where the viewer only meets a work in a confined physical space removed from the context of the exhibited project. Is it possible to create a virtual extension of exhibition space and simultaneously involve the spectators in the manufacturing process as active and interacting users of the exhibit space? These were some of the questions we asked ourselves when developing the concept for the project [parc] at Nørrebro in central Copenhagen in 2002.
Technologically [parc] was based on a discussion about augmented reality, which means that the physical world, we usually move in is augmented with an added digital dimension or layers of digital information. In the project we experimented with different notions of AR to create a public exhibition space in an area designated for the development of a park area for the residents of Nørrebro.
The project consisted of a physical cube printed with 4 different characters [p, a, r, and c] and a user guide inviting the viewer to enter an Internet address where he or she had various opportunities to expand the traditional poster as a means of communication. By installing a piece of software from _URL_ and using a laptop and a webcam it was possible for the user to participate in the public debate. The camera could record and understand letters [p, a, r, and c] and create a digital space around the physical cube, allowing users to co-create the exhibition space.


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Kinetics of the gas phase reaction of SnO with O2
The gas phase reaction of SnOg with O2 was studied behind reflected shock waves at temperatures between 1700 and 2300 K and pressures around 100 kPa by applying atomic resonance absorption spectroscopy for time-resolved measurements of O atoms at 130.6 nm. The source of gas phase SnOg were SnO nanoparticles which rapidly evaporate behind the reflected shock wave in a few microseconds. For the reaction SnOg+O2→SnO2,g+O a rate coefficient of k1=1014.78±0.19 × exp(−23530±840K/T)cm3 mol−1 s−1 was determined for the temperature range of the present experiments.
KeywordsShock Tube Rate Coefficient Reflected Shock Wave Drive Section Sandia National Laboratory Report
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
- 4.A. Kunz, K. Takahashi, R. Roth, and L. Catoire: In: Proceedings of the 22nd Int. Symp. on Shock Waves, (Univ. of Southampton Press, Southampton 2000) pp.117Google Scholar
- 5.R. E. Mitchell and R. J. Kee: A general-purpose computer code for predicting chemical behavior behind incident and reflected shocks. Sandia National Laboratories Report No. SAND82-8205. Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore CA (1982)Google Scholar
- 6.R. J. Kee, F. M. Rupley, and J. A. Miller: Chemkin-II: A fortran chemical kinetics package for the analysis of gas-phase chemical kinetics. Sandia National Laboratories Report No. SAND89-8009. Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque NM (1993)Google Scholar
- 8.F. Westley, D. H. Frizzell, J. T. Herron, F. J. Hampson, and W. G. Mallard: The NIST chemical kinetics database. National Institute of Satandards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD NIST Standard Reference Database 17 — 2Q98 (1998)Google Scholar
- 9.L. V. Gurvich (ed.): In: Thermodynmic Properties of Individual Substances, Vol 2. Elements C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, and their compounds, Tables, 4. ed., rev. and updated from the 3. Russian ed., (Hemisphere Publ. Corp., New York 1991)Google Scholar


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Fund Development/Grants Manager
Wisconsin Literacy is a statewide non-profit coalition of 75 local literacy agencies whose mission is to change lives by strengthening literacy statewide. Our work covers a broad range of areas in adult education including capacity-building of our local member agencies, workforce development, government advocacy and health literacy. Wisconsin Literacy, including its Wisconsin Health Literacy division, is a growing organization that receives much of its funding through state, local and foundation grants.
This 40 hour/week position will work closely with the Executive Director to help the organization grow its financial base with an emphasis on new corporate and individual support, while also maintaining its grant funding base. This includes writing, reporting, and overseeing financial grant requirements. The successful candidate will further the mission of the organization by researching and identifying grant funding opportunities, writing for and submitting grant applications, preparing funder reports for grants received, and building and maintaining funding support from foundations, corporations and government agencies. This position is also open to future growth in individual donor development.
For more information, please see attached job posting.
Apply by September 15th with resume, cover letter, three references, and two writing samples:
Michele Erikson, Wisconsin Literacy Executive Director
211 S. Paterson St., Suite 260
Madison, WI 53703
Or online at _EMAIL_


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Flavor Networks Reveal Universal Principle Behind Successful Recipes
Source: Emerging Technology
In this graph representing the top 100 ingredients in the global flavor network, nodes are ingredients, edges represent shared flavors, and node colors represent clusters of linked ingredients.
Given the number of ingredients that humans eat, the total number of ways to combine them is on the order of 10 to the 15th power. And yet the actual number of recipes we eat is around one million—a small fraction of the total. That strongly suggests an organizing principle that, in recipe terms, sorts the wheat from the chaff.
So an ongoing challenge for food scientists is to discover laws that govern flavor combinations and use them to create new recipes yet to be experienced by human taste buds.
Tiago Simas at Telefonica Research in Barcelona, Spain, and a few pals say they have discovered an important principle of flavor combination by studying foods of different cultures. This insight could help create novel recipes.
The background to this group's discovery is the hypothesis of food pairing developed by the chefs Francois Benzi and Heston Blumenthal. At first glance, foods such as chocolate and blue cheese can seem as different as it is possible for foods to be. And yet, these foods share 73 different flavor molecules.
That's why at certain high-end restaurants, you'll sometimes find blue cheese and chocolate in the same dishes. The thinking is that when ingredients contain the same flavor molecules, they can be successfully paired. The idea is that shared flavors help blend ingredients more effectively. Food pairing immediately suggests a novel way to create new recipes, which is why it rapidly gained influence among a certain breed of gastronomist.
Then in 2011, a curious piece of research revealed that food pairing was only part of the explanation behind successful recipes. In this work, a team at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, analyzed the network of links between ingredients in recipes from all over the world. In this network, ingredients are nodes in a web, linked when they share flavor molecules.
This approach turned the food-pairing hypothesis on its head. When recipes from North America and Western Europe are analyzed in this way, the networks reveal that food pairing is an important factor. But when the team analyzed recipes from East Asia (Korea and Japan, for example), they found exactly the opposite. These cuisines seem to combine the very foods that do not share flavor ingredients. Clearly the food-pairing hypothesis is just part of a bigger picture and in need of a serious upgrade.
Enter Simas and his colleagues. These guys have looked a little harder into the web of flavors behind recipes and discovered a deeper principle at work. The basic idea is that when two ingredients do not share flavors, the team look for a third ingredient with flavors in common with each of the first pair. In this way, they were able to identify flavor chains and explore how recipes in different parts of the world use them.
For example, apricot and whiskey do not share flavors with each other but do have flavors in common with tomato. This creates a flavor chain that links all three ingredients, making them suitable to be used in the same recipe.
The team call this food bridging. They define it as "the ability to connect a pair of ingredients, that may or may not have a direct connection, through a path of non-repeating ingredients."
This has an important impact on recipes. While food pairing intensifies flavor by mixing ingredients in a recipe with similar chemical compounds, food bridging smooths any contrast between ingredients, say Simas and co.
So what role does food bridging play in recipes from different cultures? To find out, Simas and co examined the flavor networks of cuisines from various parts of world and then analyzed the respective roles of food pairing and food bridging in each cuisine.
In Latin America, for example, recipes exploit both food pairing and food bridging, while East Asian food seems to avoid both principles. Southeast Asian cuisines such as Thai and Vietnamese seem to rely only on food bridging, while North American and Western European food use only food pairing.
That's interesting work that extends the principles behind the way we create recipes. Indeed, it reveals that food pairing is really a special case of food bridging in which the number of nodes in the flavor chain is 0.
A better understanding of these principles should help chefs create new recipes in specific styles. But it is by no means the be-all and end-all of cooking. Successful recipes have a wide range of different parameters in addition to flavor. There is the texture of the food, its temperature, its mouth feel, and its color, to name just a few.
Food bridging can certainly help with new recipes. But a truly universal tool for recipe creation will need to be much broader to incorporate these other factors into its model. That will require significant work.
But step by step, food scientists are learning how humans prune the list of all possible combinations of food to produce the combinations we actually end up eating.


. The only thing that matters is being first in the door to confess. So why listen to the Antitrust Division's opinions on upgrading programs? When the Criminal Division says x, y and z should be in a program, we have reason to listen. When the Antitrust Division says this, why would their statements about something they ignore make any difference?
Healing the antitrust division
So how do we heal the antitrust division and have one government with one policy that encourages and recognizes diligent compliance and ethics programs? The answers are simple:
 1. Remove the antitrust carve-out in the Sentencing Guidelines. It never made sense and deserves an urgent demise.
 2. Require all those entering the Antitrust Division's immunity program to institute effective compliance and ethics programs along the lines of the Sentencing Guidelines standards.
 3. Remove the absurdly inconsistent antitrust exception in the U.S. Attorneys Manual, so all corporate crime is treated with the same seriousness and sense of moral outrage and not treated as a game.
 4. The Antitrust Division should follow the Criminal Division in its approach to settling cases and use the Sentencing Guidelines standards in requiring compliance programs in settlement agreements. It can help raise the bar in antitrust programs through this vehicle, as the Criminal Division has done in other compliance areas.
 5. The Antitrust Division should actively promote compliance and ethics programs and not just its immunity program. It should recognize, consistent with modern American law, that no program will prevent or detect all violations, no matter how effective it is.
Citizens in a democracy have certain rights and expectations. They should not have to deal with parts of the same government advocating directly contradictory approaches to important public policy issues. The Department of Justice certainly is free to separate itself into functioning divisions that increase its efficiency and effectiveness. But in the case of promoting effective compliance and ethics programs to protect our citizens from corporate crime, there is simply no justification for the antitrust division.
Joe Murphy, CCEP, is the Director of Public Policy for the Society of Corporate Compliance and _EMAIL_
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Spontaneous hydrolysis of borohydride required before its catalytic activation by metal nanoparticles
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Abstract
Though borohydride has been frequently used as a hydrogen source in the nanoparticle-catalyzed chemical reduction, the explanation for a delay of the reaction is still under debate. Here we investigated the mechanism of the catalytic borohydride reduction and found that the negative charge of borohydride prevented it from approaching the negatively charged nanoparticles, resulting in a delay of reactions. Spontaneous hydrolysis of borohydride was critical to the start of the reaction. A universal method was introduced to dramatically increase the catalytic efficiency. Our experiment suggested a guideline for designing efficient catalysts and reducing agents in future.
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Choi, S., Jeong, Y., & Yu, J. (2016). Spontaneous hydrolysis of borohydride required before its catalytic activation by metal nanoparticles. Catalysis Communications, 84, 80–84. _URL_
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Hong Kong witchcraft-themed art exhibition looks at magic in modern world to overcome contemporary problems
- 'Witches Own Without (W.O.W.)' at Current Plans focuses on magic surrounding us in the modern world, from technology to female empowerment and beyond
- The exhibition is part of a wider 'witch renaissance' in Hong Kong, that is giving young people a way to cope with recent political upheavals and the pandemic
The title of the latest exhibition at Current Plans, an art space in the Kowloon neighbourhood of Sham Shui Po, might cause some confusion. "Witches Own Without (W.O.W.)" was chosen on purpose for its ambiguity and is intended as an incomplete sentence for participants to fill in on their own.
But what does it mean to hold an exhibition about witches?
Curated by Wong Kit-yi, Eunice Tsang and Lok Wong, "Witches Own Without" does not, in fact, feature any stereotypical witch imagery – there are no broomsticks or pointed black hats to be found.
Rather, the artworks allude to the presence of, and need for, magic in different aspects of contemporary life – technology, productivity and labour, for example.
The exhibition looks to witchcraft for ideas on how we can cope with 21st-century problems, rather than actual representations of witches and their traditions, Tsang, who is Current Plans' founder, explains.
"Can we take from [witchcraft] ideas of how to set up our own systems, how to set up our own beliefs, how to deal with the frustrations of contemporary society?" she asks.
The exhibition is the result of a year's worth of Zoom calls, with works from over 15 local and overseas participants. Not all of them are traditional artists – some are writers and curators who are creating art for the first time.
"In Hong Kong, we always say 'crossover' when you, for example, work with a musician, and then with a painter. It seems like there's a big river that you have to jump across. But actually, everything is linked," says Tsang.
"With this space, what I've been trying to do – and I think the show is a manifestation of that – is to put different people together, connecting them with one big open question, and then sharing knowledge, sharing methodologies, research. Then everything comes together."
This "witch house" allows for imagination to roam freely, as a place where visitors can choose to read, write or even take a nap.
The stereotypical imagery of witches is that they are often alone, Tsang explains. "If you think of it from another point of view, it's a woman finding refuge in herself or finding a space for herself, hence why Ysabelle built the hut here."
Artist duo Eteam (Franziska Lamprecht and Hajoe Moderegger) have created Our Non-Understanding of Everything (2022), which consists of three video installations examining our relationship with technology. The screens, dangling from tree trucks, display iPhones positioned amid rocks and leaves.
"Maybe the digital world is a kind of sorcery as well," Tsang says.
Other works include Wong Binghao and X Zhu-Nowell's Hotlines (2022) – a wall display that delineates a "free psychic reading" and Telegram contacts through which visitors can directly converse with Wong and Zhu-Nowell on the encrypted social media platform.
Other artists and writers participating in the show – which includes online performances and workshops – include Mirwan Andan, S. Yi Yao Chao, Olivia Chow, Christopher K. Ho, Peng Ke, Vivian Qin Xiaoshi, Qu Chang, Studio Hik, Wang Tuo and the group Pararailing (Shao Jie, Xu Sixing, Ye Xuecan).
Witchcraft seems to be a popular theme for artists in Hong Kong today. This summer, curator Kobe Ko and nine female artists held an exhibition called "In the Name of Scientific Witchery", at the Hong Kong Museum of Medical Sciences, to challenge scientific rationalism and the persecution of unauthorised knowledge.
"We are currently in the midst of a witch renaissance here in Hong Kong," say the "Witches Own Without" curators, who point to an increase in the number of "New Age" practitioners who draw heavily from witchcraft.
Perhaps it is a way for young people to cope with all the political upheaval as well as the pandemic, or an alternative route to knowledge, freed from conventional hierarchies.
At the end of the day, the art on show will hopefully open up more ways to question the world, to share resources, and "to witch", Tsang says.
"Witches Own Without (W.O.W.)", Current Plans, 2/F, 13 Wong Chuk St, Sham Shui Po, 1pm-7pm, Fri-Sun. Until November 6.


How would Australia enshrine a Voice to Parliament in the Constitution?
How would Australia enshrine a Voice to Parliament in the Constitution?
A Voice to Parliament enshrined in the Constitution would be achieved through a double majority vote for in support for the change at a referendum. This means that at least four out of six states would vote in favour of the Voice to Parliament alongside a majority of Australians.
What is the Referendum Process?
Referendums begin as a proposed law, presented to the Australian Parliament. The Bill can be introduced into either house of the Parliament (House of Representatives or the Senate) and to proceed, mush be passed by an absolute majority.
The Bill is then considered by the other house, and the bill should be passed by an absolute majority in the other house. The Constitution provides a process for the referendum to proceed if the bill is rejected by the other house.
Once the bill passes both houses of Parliament, a referendum must be held between 2 and 6 months at a minimum and maximum. In that period of time, members of parliament who support and oppose the proposed changes prepare their cases. After this, the Australian Electoral Commission will print and distribute an information leaflet to voters outlining the proposed alterations and the 'Yes' and 'No' cases.
Referendums, like elections, follow Australia's system of compulsory voting whereby everyone over the age of 18 is required to register with the AEC to vote. Upon registration, you are required to vote or face a fine.
Unlike elections, voters do not number the boxes to allocate their vote, nor do they mark their support with a cross or a tick. Voters must write either "Yes" or "No" and the referendum passes through a double majority, where at least four out of six states vote 'Yes' and the overall majority of the population votes 'Yes'.
A Voice to Parliament could be enshrined in the Constitution if it followed the above process and was supported by Australia through a double majority. This would be a fair and practical change that would ensure that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders are recognised through a mechanism that can deliver better policy outcomes.
When the time comes, we will need your help in passing a referendum to make a Voice to Parliament a reality.
In the meantime, we need your help to spread the awareness and support for this important campaign.
If you want to see real change happen, here are some things you can do:


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Welcome to PicksGroup's PRCA Live.
The PicksGroup's PRCA Live (asset management) course looks at how we proactively investigate:
An incident, accident or near miss – all unwanted events
Methods and techniques for proactive investigating or assessing
Safety and risk models from around the world and the impact of human factors
Proactive maintenance, compliance, safety processes or systems and workplace barriers
Reviewing and understanding impacts of outcomes and benefits of knowledge retention programs
PRCA Live focuses on the opportunities to learn from near misses and the tangible benefits of continuous improvement.
PRCA Live encourages a combination of root cause analysis, continuous improvement, knowledge retention programs and interactive online course development, to reduce unwanted events at each level of an organisation.
Using communication and industry participation when creating timelines to identify near miss and potential hazards that may cause an injury, incident, financial loss, property damage or have negative reputational impacts.
PRCA Live collectively creates a strategy to ensure issue elimination and effective root cause corrective actions.
The system grows within an organisation and is driven by people, legislation, compliance and needs, not by theory and methodology alone.
A continual or continuous improvement program (CIP) is a planed ongoing process to improve products, services, or processes. These programs and process usually look at achieving:
- Small improvements over time.
- Large immediate improvements that may positively impact a business or process.
- Industry or business "ground-breaking" improvements that could change the way you and your organisation operate or even setting a new industry standard.
Some see CIPs as a given-process for management systems such as:
Business process management
- Asset Management
- Facility Management
- Safety management
- Quality management
- Project management
- Select tools and systems that clearly define roles, responsibilities and accountability.
- Make it available to all stakeholders. It is everyone's responsibility to manage their own assigned task.
- Train users – people won't use what they don't understand.
- Before we make a decision we need to be sure that our actions will not negatively impact the safety of people or create risk to the business.
- Consulting with stakeholders at different levels throughout an organisation with help you see a clearer, long term picture.
- Consultation will improve your services and create better relationships with your customers.
- Consultation will help streamline your business and cut down on waste. In turn this will save money.
- You have held industry consultation sessions and have information that will help you make an informed decision.
- Consider if you need to report any observations you may have made during consultation.
- Consider who you would report this to and how you will do this.
- Consider the impact of the information you need to report – what is the likelihood of financial or reputational damage?
- Consider privacy rules, company policy and legislation.
- Based on information gained through either reporting or consultation you will conduct an investigation aimed at highlighting root causes.
- Use your PRCA Live investigation pack and consider every resource you have.
- Whether this is a proactive or reactive investigation, the goal is to eliminate or mitigate future risk to people, property, environment or business.
- Use your PRCA Live tools to ensure both short and long term controls are put in place and corrective actions are carried out.
- Remember that a hazard, potential or a realised risk remains just that until you apply a corrective action. Don't wait for the investigation to be complete, if you can eliminate or mitigate a hazard or risk. If it is safe to do so, apply a corrective action as soon as possible.
- Record your outcomes and results, deliver them to the relevant stakeholders within your organisation and industry.
- Revisit outcomes, control measures and learnings.
- Knowledge retention programs and gap analysis will substantially reduce costs and help ensure compliance.


text:
Mystery of George Stubbs's royal cheetah is revealed
The identity and exploits of a cheetah in one of George Stubbs's most celebrated paintings will be a highlight of a forthcoming exhibition at Tate Britain after fresh research into the animal and its handler.
The big cat at the centre of Cheetah and Stag with Two Indians was named Miss Jenny and came to England in 1764 with John Morgan, an Indian trader who adopted an anglicised name.
It was Morgan's misfortune at the hands of a pair of Irish pickpockets in London that led to his and Miss Jenny's identification. The cheetah was referred to in evidence as a "tyger", as all big cats were generally known. Morgan's testimony at the Old Bailey in 1765 explained that he was in England because he


Both, Boy Names, Girl Names baby nameSkylar
What does the name Skylar mean?
The different meanings of the name Skylar are:
 - English meaning: Eternal life and strength
 - Dutch meaning: A shelter
 - American meaning: The Sky; Guarded; scholar, learned one
The meaning of the name "Skylar" is different in several languages, countries and cultures and has more than one possibly same or different meanings available.
Additional information: The name Skylar is an English variation of the Dutch surname Schuyler. The origin of this name is Dutch ans is mainly used is US as a boy name, though it is not used in the Netherlands as a first name for boys.


jail, as it would be attached unmounted until it is mounted from the rc script inside the jail. To allow management of the dataset from within a jail, the jailed property has to be set and the jail needs access to the /dev/zfs device. The quota property cannot be changed from within a jail. See jail(8) for information on how to allow mounting ZFS datasets from within a jail. A Tn ZFS dataset can be detached from a jail using the Cm unjail subcommand. After a dataset is attached to a jail and the jailed property is set, a jailed file system cannot be mounted outside the jail, since the jail administrator might have set the mount point to an unacceptable value
zfs-unjail(8), zfsPf(8)
Cm jail - Attaches and detaches ZFS filesystems from FreeBSD jails. A Tn ZFS dataset can be attached to a jail by using the Cm jail subcommand. You cannot attach a dataset to one jail and the children of the same dataset to another jail. You can also not attach the root file system of the jail or any dataset which needs to be mounted before the zfs rc script is run inside the jail, as it would be attached unmounted until it is mounted from the rc script inside the jail. To allow management of the dataset from within a jail, the jailed property has to be set and the jail needs access to the /dev/zfs device. The quota property cannot be changed from within a jail. See jail(8) for information on how to allow mounting ZFS datasets from within a jail. A Tn ZFS dataset can be detached from a jail using the Cm unjail subcommand. After a dataset is attached to a jail and the jailed property is set, a jailed file system cannot be mounted outside the jail, since the jail administrator might have set the mount point to an unacceptable value
zmq_msg_copy(3)
copy content of a message to another message
zmq_msg_move(3)
move content of a message to another message
zoneserver(8)
handle zone transfers and other TCP functions for MaraDNS
zpool-destroy(8), zpoolPf(8)
Cm destroy - Destroys the given ZFS storage pool, freeing up any devices for other use
zpool-replace(8), zpoolPf(8)
Cm replace - Replace one device with another in a ZFS storage pool
Acme::MetaSyntactic::Alias(3)
Alias one theme to another
Algorithm::Evolutionary::Op::Tournament_Selection(3)
Tournament selector, takes individuals from one population and puts them into another
Algorithm::Evolutionary::Op::Uniform_Crossover(3)
interchanges a set of atoms from one parent to the other
Alzabo::SQLMaker(3)
Utility functions for other Alzabo modules
App::Control(3)
Perl module for apachectl style control of another script or executable
App::DSC::DataTool(3)
Export DSC data to other formats and/or databases
App::Yath(3)
Yet Another Test Harness (Test2-Harness) Command Line Interface (CLI)
AppConfig::Sys(3)
Perl5 module defining platform-specific information and methods for other AppConfig::* modules
Badger::Constants(3)
defines constants for other Badger modules
Badger::Log(3)
log for errors, warnings and other messages
Bio::Annotation::Relation(3)
Relationship (pairwise) with other objects SeqI and NodeI;
Bio::Annotation::Target(3)
Provides an object which represents a target (ie, a similarity hit) from one object to something in another database
Bio::Coordinate::Result::Gap(3)
Another name for Bio::Location::Simple
Bio::Coordinate::Result::Match(3)
Another name for Bio::Location::Simple
Bio::Graphics::Glyph::image(3)
A glyph that draws photographs & other images
Bio::LocatableSeq(3)
A Bio::PrimarySeq object with start/end points on it that can be projected into a MSA or have coordinates relative to another seq
Bio::Location::AvWithinCoordPolicy(3)
class implementing Bio::Location::CoordinatePolicy as the average for WITHIN and the widest possible and reasonable range otherwise
Bio::ParameterBaseI(3)
Simple interface class for any parameter-related data such as IDs, database name, program arguments, and other odds and ends
Bio::Phylo::Mediators::TaxaMediator(3)
Mediator for links between taxa and other objects
Bio::SeqIO::Handler::GenericRichSeqHandler(3)
Bio::HandlerI-based data handler for GenBank/EMBL/UniProt (and other) sequence data
Bread::Board::Container(3)
A container for services and other containers
Bread::Board::Service::Alias(3)
aliases another service
CGI::Application::Plugin::Forward(3)
Pass control from one run mode to another
CGI::Carp(3)
CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or other) error log
CPAN::Testers::Fact::TestEnvironment(3)
Environment vars and other local context during a CPAN Testers report
CPAN::YACSmoke(3)
Yet Another CPAN Smoke Tester
CPAN::YACSmoke::Plugin::Recent(3)
Recent list for Yet Another CPAN Smoke Tester
CPAN::YACSmoke::Plugin::SmokeDB(3)
SmokeDB list for Yet Another CPAN Smoke Tester
CSS::Adaptor(3)
Arbitrarily map CSS data for use in another context
CSS::Packer(3)
Another CSS minifier
Catalyst::View::XML::Feed(3)
Catalyst view for RSS, Atom, or other XML feeds
Class::Base(3)
useful base class for deriving other modules
Class::Gomor(3)
another class and object builder
Class::Hook(3)
Add hooks on methods from other classes
Class::InsideOut::Manual::About(3)
guide to this and other implementations of the inside-out technique
Class::Mixin(3)
API for aliasing methods to/from other classes
Class::Observable(3)
Allow other classes and objects to respond to events in yours
Class::Workflow::Instance::Simple(3)
A Workflow instance objects to work with the other ::Simple classes
Config::Model::Backend::Any(3)
Virtual class for other backends
Convert::Cyrillic(3), Convert::Cyrillic v1.02(3)
Routines for converting from one cyrillic charset to another
DBD::AnyData(3)
DBI access to XML, CSV and other formats
DBIx::Class::FrozenColumns(3)
Store virtual columns inside another column
DJabberd::Delivery::LocalVHosts(3)
Controlled delivery to other local VHosts
DNSCheck::Config(3)
Read config files and make their contents available to other modules
DNSCheck::Test::Common(3)
parent module to all other DNSCheck::Test modules
Data::MessagePack::Stream(3)
yet another messagepack streaming deserializer
Data::ParseBinary(3)
Yet Another parser for binary structures
Data::Stag::BaseGenerator(3), Data::Stag::BaseGenerator (3)
base class for parsers and other event generators
Date::Japanese::Era::Table::JIS_X0301(3)
yet another conversion Table for Date::Japanese::Era
DateTime::Format::Builder::Parser::Quick(3)
Use another formatter, simply
Devel::Events::Filter(3)
A handler role that filters events and delegates to another
Devel::MAT::Tool::Inrefs(3), "Devel::MAT::Tool::Inrefs"(3)
annotate which SVs are referred to by others
Dist::Zilla::Plugin::FileFinder::Filter(3)
filter matches from other FileFinders
Dist::Zilla::PluginBundle::Filter(3)
use another bundle, with some plugins removed
DtPrintCopySetupData(3)
copies one DtPrintSetupData structure to another
Exporter::Tidy(3)
Another way of exporting symbols
FLV::Base(3)
Utility methods for other FLV::* classes
File::Flock::Retry(3)
Yet another flock module
File::HomeDir(3)
Find your home and other directories on any platform
File::HomeDir::Darwin(3)
Find your home and other directories on Darwin (OS X)
File


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Bash
Check if a Linux bash shell script is run as root
The question - I want my bash shell script to be run only as root. If another user tries to run the script, the script should terminate. Is there a way to do that in a shell script? Bash has several environment variables that indicate which user is running the script: [root@server ~]# echo $USER [...]
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The Bash shell (bourne again shell) is a very powerful shell which is used by a large majority of Linux systems. It is available on all Linux distributions like CentOS, Debian and Ubuntu. The Bash shell can auto complete commands, users and hosts depending on how you use the command. For example, to complete file [...]
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Bash For and While Loops Examples
Bash (Bourne Again Shell) is a very popular shell for Linux based systems. It is the default shell on most web hosting servers because of its simplicity and eash of performing several shell tasks. Bash comes with an elaborate syntax of writing shell scripts, and one such functionality is its loops. A loop allows you [...]
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Linux: Random Number Generation in BASH
Question - I need pick random files from a directory of 10 files. How do I generate a random number between 0 and 9 (inclusive) in a BASH shell script on CentOS Linux? The shell BASH contains a random number generator called $RANDOM. The value of this variable is a random number between 0 and [...]
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Linux command to get IP address
Question - I need to find the IP address of my Linux machine. Is there a command that can do this on CentOS? The ifconfig command can be used to get all of the IP addresses of a Linux machine. The command can be used to get information about network adapters and their IP addresses. [...]
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BASH: Check if a directory or file exists
Question - I am running a Linux CentOS box. I need to write a bash shell script in which I have to check if a file or a directory exists and do something it it exists. Is there a BASH command that I can use to do this? There are bash in built commands that [...]
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text:
Reverse engineering means analyzing software, firmware, or hardware to find out how it works.
The process of designing a system by finding out how the system works. In cognitive psychology, creating a theory of the mind by studying how the mind works.
The process of dismantling a competitorâ€(tm)s products to understand the strengths and weaknesses of the designs.
The determination of someone else's trade secret information via examination and testing of publicly available information. It is obvious that as soon as new information, products or equipment are made available on the market, competitors may analyse the process in order to understand and imitate or reproduce it.
A process whereby competitors' products are disassembled and analyzed for evidence of the use of better processes, components, and techniques.
The process of learning how a product is made by taking it apart and examining it.
The process of disassembling a hardware or software product from another company to find out how it works, with the intention of duplicating some or all of its functions in another product.
The process of physically and methodically tearing down competitors' products to learn about design characteristics, manufacturing processes, materials, and costs.
The decomposition and analysis of competitors' products in order to determine how they are made, their costs of production and the way in which future development may proceed.
The process of disassembling a piece of hardware or software to find out how it works. Back to Jump
the process of taking something apart (such as a Java or.NET application) to analyze details of its inner workings. See examples of reverse-engineers at work on our demos page.
The process of dissecting how a product is manufactured by taking it apart.
The process of importing source code into the model as standard UML model elements (classes, attributes, operations, etc.).
(v) A method of accurately evaluating existing products, then inputting the information into a CAD database. Often a coordinate measuring machine (CMM), an electromechanical device with a probe on one end that accurately measures objects, is used to input the 3-D data into the CAD system.
the process of analyzing a system's code, documentation, and behavior to identify its current components and their dependencies to extract and create system abstractions and design information. The subject system is not altered; however, additional knowledge about the system is produced.
To analyze the design of a system component to acquire data.
is the process of analyzing a subject system to (i) identify the system's components and their interrelationships and (ii) create representations of the system in another form or a higher level of abstraction.
The process of understanding a system without knowing how the system actually functions internally, but only judging how the system responds to various...
The process of disassembling, evaluating, and redesigning a competitor's product for the purpose of manufacturing a product with similar characteristics without violating any of the competitor's proprietary manufacturing technologies.
The process of analyzing an existing system; identifying system components, abstractions, and interrelationships; and creating representations of them. Redocumentation and design recovery are two forms of reverse engineering.
The ability to determine the hardware and/or software design, based on known inputs and outputs of various components. In essence, the process of working backwards from "solution" to design.
the process by which mechanical components can be modeled and reproduced by measuring their mechanical and performance characteristics and completely and accurately sampling and measuring their physical dimension and shape properties
The process of measuring an existing part to create a geometric CAD data definition of the part. In common non-technical usage, reverse engineering may also refer to measuring or analyzing a part or a product for the purpose of copying it.
The scientific method of taking something apart to figure out how it works.
The process of analyzing a software program in an effort to create a representation of the program at a higher level of abstraction than source code. Also called design recovery, the process can consist of data extraction, architectural specification, control flow and data flow understanding. [PRE92
the process of measuring and then creating a CAD model of an object that reflects how the object would be designed originally (design intent).
The process by which a player can deconstruct any equippable item into its component parts. As the player now knows how the item is constructed (also called a recipe), the player can then attempt to craft it (as well as modify it with an Enhancement). There is a possibility, based on the RE skill level and the complexity of the item it, to destroy it completely if the attempt fails.
Reverse engineering is broadly defined to cover the process of studying a competitor's product to gain information; e.g. the ingredients, how problems are overcome, or features related to its appearance. It is prima facie legal but can be hazardous if an attempt to obtain commercial advantage from such a process is made.
Reverse engineering (RE) is the process of discovering the technological principles of a device or object or system through analysis of its structure, function and operation. It often involves taking something (e.g. a mechanical device, an electronic component, a software program) apart and analyzing its workings in detail, usually to try to make a new device or program that does the same thing without copying anything from the original. The verb form is to reverse engineer.


text:
SAN MARCOS — Volunteers from across Texas will participate in the fourth annual statewide water sampling initiative to be held in conjunction with Earth Day 2003 on April 22.
Texas Watch, a volunteer environmental monitoring program supported by Southwest Texas State University, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, is launching the effort.
Volunteer monitors across the state will sample surface and ground water to collect important environmental information. Those results will be coupled with professional water quality sampling efforts to realistically portray "A Day In the Life of Texas Waters."
More than 1,000 volunteer monitors are expected to participate, and approximately 200 sites will be surveyed in the sampling. Photos and monitoring results may be viewed online at the Texas Watch web site, _URL_.
Texas Watch facilitates environmental stewardship by empowering a statewide network of concerned volunteers, partners and institutions in a collaborative effort to promote a healthy and safe environment through environmental education, data collection and community action.
Jason Pinchback, who is in charge of volunteer coordination for Texas Watch, said, "Texas' budget deficit of an estimated $9.9 billion could impact funds designated to protect our natural resources. Reduced state funds, coupled with continuing increases in population growth and the resulting nonpoint source water pollution, intensifies the need for increased volunteer water quality monitoring efforts. The volunteers involved in Texas Watch, are taking the responsibility to help preserve a sustainable and viable future for our planet. This is an important effort, and we hope to gather some very significant data in the process."
Earth Day, a global holiday to honor the Earth and increase awareness of the need for its preservation, was first celebrated on April 22, 1970. The statewide sampling event and other Earth Day 2003 activities celebrate 33 years of environmental stewardship promoting a clean future for the planet.
Contact: Jason Pinchback at _PHONE_


text:
The Underwater Cut-Off At The Walter F. George Dam
Organization: Deep Foundations Institute
Jan 1, 2013
Seepage problems were recorded for more then 40 years at the Walter F. George lock and dam. In 2001 the Mobile district of The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers turned to the installation of a 200 feet deep cut-off in a final attempt to remedy the situation. The advertised design-built contract requested the installation of the cutoff wall in front of the concrete structure of the dam starting from 90 feet of water, cutting through a concrete lock structure, a submerged retaining wall and extending on both sides on the earthen embankments. This paper summarize the history of the project and the installation of the first recorded cut-off wall constructed under deep water, upstream to an existing dam structures and under an existing concrete lock. The technology used combined with the project's results may be considered a milestone in the marine foundation and the marine cut-off wall construction technology.


text:
Astronomy Today (Global Edition) 8/E ePDF
Level / Grade:
Chaisson, E; McMillan, S
With Astronomy Today eighth edition, trusted authors Eric Chaisson and Steve McMillan communicate their excitement about astronomy, delivering current and thorough science with insightful pedagogy. The text emphasises critical thinking and visualisation, and it focuses on the process of scientific discovery, and teaching students 'how we know what we know.'
- Astronomy Today (Volume 1): The Solar System eighth edition – focuses primarily on planetary coverage for a one-term course. Includes Chapters 1–16 and 28; and
- Astronomy Today (Volume 2): Stars and Galaxies eighth edition – focuses primarily on stars and stellar evolution for a one-term course. Includes Chapters 1–5 and 16−28.
- View the entire book offline on desktop or tablet;
- Search for and highlight text; and
- Add and edit personal notes directly in your eBook.
|Author(s)||Chaisson, E; McMillan, S|
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