Build-On Tutorial:
Staff
Staff: Lesson 3
Event Staff Role
Lesson Overview
In this lesson, you will add features to assign staff to events. You will create a join table to allow for a many-to-many relationship between Staff and Event: one staff member can be assigned to many events and one event can have many staff members.
Here's a sneak peek of what you will build:
Step 1 - Create the table and fields and update the Relationships graph
Create a new join table named StaffRole. In this lesson, you will use this table to track event staff. In the next lesson, you will learn how to extend this table so that it can also be used for managing staff for sessions.
 1. Open the Manage Database dialog, duplicate the Template table, and name the new table "StaffRole".
 2. Add the following fields to the StaffRole table:
 1. ID_Event (number)
 2. ID_Staff (number)
 3. Role (text)
 4. Role_Type (calculation formula: "Event" ; calculation result is Text)
 Note: You will modify the Role_Type calculation in the next lesson, where you will add functionality for tracking staff for sessions.
 1. Activate the Relationships tab.
 2. Locate the new StaffRole table occurrence. Select and duplicate it using Command-D(macOS) / Control-D (Windows).
 3. Rename the new table occurrence to "event_STAFFROLE_EventStaff".
 1. Rename the original StaffRole table occurrence to "STAFFROLE". This is done for consistency with the graph organization techniques used in the file.
 2. Use the color tool at the bottom of the graph to change the color of the STAFFROLE table occurrence to the same blue used elsewhere and move it to the bottom of the graph.
 1. Create a relationship between the EVENT table occurrence and the event_STAFFROLE_EventStaff table occurrence:
 1. Move the event_STAFFROLE_EventStaff table occurrence to the right of the EVENT table occurrence.
 2. Click on the ID field in EVENT and drag over to the ID_Event field in event_STAFFROLE_EventStaff.
 1. Double-click the line that connects the two table occurrences to open the Edit Relationship dialog. Click the option on the right side that reads Delete related records in this table when a record is deleted in the other table.
 This is called a "cascading delete" and means that if an Event record is deleted, any related StaffRole records will also be deleted.
 1. Position and style the new table occurrence as shown below.
 1. Use the Add a table button at the bottom left corner of the graph to create a new table occurrence of the Staff table, and name it event_staffrole_eventstaff_STAFF.
 1. Create a relationship between event_STAFFROLE_EventStaff::ID_Staff and event_staffrole_eventstaff_STAFF::ID. Do not set any cascading deletes in this relationship. Position and style the new table occurrence as shown below.
 1. Use the Add a table button at the bottom of the graph to create a new table occurrence based on the Event table, and name it staffrole_EVENT.
 2. Create a relationship between STAFFROLE::ID_Event and staffrole_EVENT::ID. Do not set any cascading deletes in this relationship. Position and style the new table occurrence as shown below.
 1. Add the following new calculation field to the Event table:
 1. Count_Event_Staff (calculation: Count ( event_STAFFROLE_EventStaff::ID ); Calculation result is Number; uncheck Do not evaluate if all referenced fields are empty).
 1. Close the Manage Database dialog to save your work.
Step 2 - Rename and organize utility layout
Organize and rename the newly created StaffRole layout using the Manage Layouts dialog (File > Manage > Layouts...)
 1. Locate the new STAFFROLE layout at the bottom of the list. Then use the Layout Setup dialog to rename it to "StaffRole Utility".
 2. Back in the Manage Layouts dialog, move the StaffRole Utility layout into the Developer folder, and uncheck the Include in layout menus checkbox.
Step 3 - View event staff
Add a new tab and portal to the Event Detail layout that shows related event staff.
 1. Using the Manage Layouts dialog, duplicate the Desktop > Event > Event Detail layout and rename it Event Detail - BK <current date> . It's a good idea to make a dated backup of a layout before you edit it in case you need to revert back to it. Note: It can be helpful to keep your backup layouts organized and separated from your working layouts by creating a layout folder named "Backups".
 2. Enter Layout mode and navigate to the Event Detail layout.
 3. Select and unlock the tab control, and use the Tab Control Setup dialog to add a new "Event Staff" tab after the Notes tab.
 1. Each tab panel has a blue line under the tab name to indicate the active tab. To add this to the new Event Staff tab:
 1. Click the Event Staff tab to make sure it is the active tab.
 2. Scroll to the right and notice a blue line object off the visible right edge of the layout.c.Duplicate the blue horizontal line and drag it under the Event Staff tab name
 1. Use the Portal tool from the status toolbar and draw a rectangle inside the new Event Staff tab.
 1. In the subsequent Portal Setup dialog:
 1. Temporarily set the Show records from: option to event_staffrole_eventstaff_STAFF
 2. Check Sort portal records and set to sort by Name_Last and Name_First
 3. Return to the Show records from: setting and change it to event_STAFFROLE_EventStaff. Note that this two-step process is necessary to configure the portal sort order to use fields from another "hop" away in the relationships graph.
 4. Check Allow vertical scrolling and set Show scroll bar: to When scrolling
 5. Set Number of rows: to 6
 6. Check Use alternate row state
 7. Click OK. In the subsequent Add Fields to Portal dialog, just click OK for now; you will add fields shortly.
 1. Select the portal object and use the Inspector to modify it as follows:
 1. Set its Width to 736 pt and Height to 314 pt.
 2. Set its Left position to 272 pt and Top position to 272 pt.
 3. In the Autosizing area of the Position tab in the Inspector, select the top, bottom, left, and right anchors so the portal will stretch both vertically and horizontally to fill the space available as the window is resized.
 1. Use the Fields tab to add the following fields to the portal. Do not include field labels.
 1. event_staffrole_eventstaff_STAFF::Name_First_Last
 2. event_STAFFROLE_EventStaff::Role
 2. Use the Inspector to modify the two fields as follows:
 1. Set the style to txt Minimal.Black.Left
 2. In the Behavior section of the Data tab, disable the Browse Mode option under Field Entry.
 3. Still in the Data tab, set the Placeholder text for the name and role fields to "StaffName" and "Role", respectively.
 4. Resize and arrange the fields as shown below.
 1. Select Insert > Merge Field... to add the Count_Event_Staff field to the layout above the staff role portal.
 Note: You can also use the Text tool to add a merge field by simply typing "<<Count_Event_Staff>>".
 2. Make the following formatting changes to the merge field:
 1. Double-click into it and add the text "Staff: " before the field name.
 2. Set the style to label Left
 3. Position it above the portal, as shown below.
 1. Enter Browse mode to save and review your work.
Step 4 - Create card layout for adding and editing event staff
The portal you created is ideal for viewing an event's staff. For adding and editing event staff, however, you will make a new card window layout.
 1. Open the Manage Layouts dialog and Duplicate the Blank > Blank | Desktop - Card layout. In the new layout:
 1. Set the Layout Name to "Staff Role | Card".
 2. Set Show records from: to STAFFROLE.
 3. Set the Menu Set: to Minimal.
 Note: The Event Management Template file includes a custom menu set called "Minimal." There are cases when you do not want users to be able to use every menu function available to them, such as when they are in a card window for a specific step. The Minimal menu set restricts users to working only with the layout and found set they are presented with. Use this when you want to tightly control what a user is able to do.
 1. Move the new Staff Role | Card layout into the Staff folder.
 2. Enter Layout mode and navigate to the new layout.
 3. You will need to change the heights of the Header and Body layout parts. Using the Inspector, select the Header part handle (shown below) and set its Height to 112 pt.
 1. Select the buttons and offscreen text object at the bottom of the layout and set their Bottom position to 416 pt. Then select the Body part handle and reduce its Height to 320 pt.
 1. Edit the merge


text:
Pressbooks is a wonderfully easy tool to help you create well-designed print books, but that ease comes with some typographical constraints.
In particular, there are tradeoffs in Pressbooks between control of widows and orphans, and bottom-balancing.
Widows and Orphans
Orphans are "isolated lines created when a paragraphs begin on the last line of a page. They have no past, but they do have a future."
Widows are the "stub-ends left when paragraphs end on the first line of a page. They have a past, but no future."
According to Bringhurst, "orphans need not trouble the typographer … but widows should get one extra line for company."
In most cases, Pressbooks has widow and orphan settings as follows:
- Orphans: 1 (meaning that we tolerate a single line of a paragraph at the bottom of a page)
- Widows: 2 (meaning there should be at least two lines of a paragraph at the top of a page)
Bottom balancing is a typographic convention that tries to keep the bottoms of facing pages in an open book evenly aligned.
Unfortunately, current typographical algorithms using the technology in Pressbooks (HTML and CSS), makes controlling bottom balancing difficult, especially in the case that we wish to avoid widows (and orphans). Since the widow control will "move" a line from the bottom of one page, to the top of the next, it means that you risk having a page that "runs short," or is unbalanced with its facing page.
To solve this, you can change the widow and orphan settings, so that you prefer bottom balance over widow control. In order to do this, you will have to modify your widow and orphan settings.
Changing your Widow and Orphan settings
In order to change your widow and orphan settings, go to:
And enter in the values you would like to use for widows and orphans.
Tight and Loose Tracking
You might also want to flex your typographical muscles, which can address some of these issues described above, using tight and loose tracking.
- The Elements of Typographical Design, by Robert Bringhurst ↵

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Irrigation canal improvements in northern Utah for enhancing water resources management
A variety of improvements were made to the irrigation canals in two northern Utah counties during the past several years using state funding meant for enhancements in managing water resources. The improvements included operation and maintenance surveys and recommendations, calibrations of existing flow measurement structures, design and construction of flow measurement structures, measurement of seepage losses, and installation of water level recorders, data loggers, and telemetry systems for improved monitoring of flows. All of the work involved the participation of canal company management, ...
(For more, see "View full record.")

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
We all want to do our bit to help the environment but people the county have been asked to keep a closer eye on what they put in the recycling bin.
Over half of the waste in the county is now recycled but some of it is being contaminated by an unlikely item.
And, despite the improvements in technology, it's definitely not something that can be recycled.
Charnwood Borough Council tweeted to say that every day across Leicestershire up to 4,000 disposable nappies are being removed from recycling bins.
Recyclable waste is taken to a local materials facility where it's sorted before being sent for recycling.
The facility can only accept and sort materials suitable for recycling. Incorrect items like black plastic trays or crisp packets have to be removed, often by hand.
The time-consuming process is unpleasant and can be dangerous for workers and eats into taxpayers money.
"However, contamination levels are rising as an increasing number of incorrect items are being put into recycling bins, which can prevent good materials from being recycled.
"With your help we can improve the quality of our recyclable material and recycle more."
Charnwood Borough Council have issued their top recycling tips, saying:
- Dispose of nappies in your rubbish bin. Disposable nappies are not currently collected for recycling.
- Recycling should be clean and dry. Please empty food and drink containers, then rinse and leave to drain before recycling.
- Clothes and other textiles should not be put into your recycling bin. Your local council may provide a separate collection, or items can be taken to a charity shop or your nearest recycling and household waste site.


text:
Ad hoc is defined as something that is done for a special need.(adverb)
Forming an army to deal with an invasion is an example of forming an army ad hoc.
The definition of ad hoc is something that is or was done to address a certain purpose.(adjective)
Appointing an impromptu committee to deal with tax cuts is an example of an ad hoc committee.
See ad hoc in Webster's New World College Dictionary
Origin: L, to this
See ad hoc in American Heritage Dictionary 4
Origin: : ad, to
Origin: + hoc
Origin:, neuter accusative of hic, this.
Learn more about ad hoc

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Conductivity Measurement: Critical for Clean-In-Place Systems
Measuring high concentrations of acid and caustic, as well as purified rinse water, is necessary for CIP conductivity analysis. The process is becoming easier.
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Clean-in-place (CIP) technology, the automatic, reproducible and reliable delivery of cleaning solutions and rinse water through process equipment and piping, offers significant advantages to pharmaceutical and life sciences manufacturing facilities. The ability to clean a processing system — incorporating tanks, pumps, valves, filters, heat exchange units and process piping — without having to disassemble all or part of the system is a lowercost, regulatory-compliant solution. Cleaning-in-place also increases efficiency, improves safety, avoids crosscontamination, and ultimately, provides higher assurance of product quality.
However, achieving these benefits requires tight measurement and control of the CIP process. A plant manager must use the appropriate amounts of cleaning solutions and be able to determine reliably that those solutions have been removed completely before the next processing run or campaign. Conductivity analysis can help confirm those processes. Since the various cleaning solutions are more conductive than the water used for flushing, conductivity measurement is a logical way to monitor the cleaning steps and the final rinse. This article will review the proper use of conductivity measurement in CIP systems, and discuss advances in conductivity analysis.
ADVERTISEMENT
How CIP Works
The key objectives of an efficient CIP system are:
 - Maximize safety — to avoid cross-contamination.
 - Minimize CIP time — to help speed time-to-market and reduce impact on plant production.
 - Optimize thermal efficiency — to avoid unnecessary heat loss and reduce energy requirements.
There are multiple configurations of CIP systems available, the two most common being single-use and multi-tank. In other industries, multi-tank systems are typically used to provide for the recycling of water and possible regeneration of cleaning chemicals. There is, however, a greater risk of cross-contamination with this configuration. Pharmaceutical and life sciences manufacturers typically employ multi-tank systems, but use them as single-use systems, with the tanks being drained between programs to minimize the potential for cross-contamination. Each of the multiple stainless steel tanks holds a different quality grade of water, such as deionized water (DI), hot or cold water for injection (WFI), and water for reverse osmosis units (RO).
The CIP process involves multiple cycles including an initial and final drain step, a pre-rinse, a sodium hydroxide wash and a post-rinse. Rinse and wash cycles vary from five minutes to one hour. The process may include a "sanitize" cycle to reduce the levels of bacterial contamination using strong oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone, chlorine dioxide or other chlorine-containing compounds. Thorough removal of these chemicals is required to prevent cross-contamination and to avoid corrosion of the stainless steel apparatus.
When the CIP process is initiated, pre-rinse water is sent through the circuit and "chases" the product. A timing sequence based on distances and flow rates will switch the valves at the proper time to minimize the interface between product and rinse water. Over 90% of the product residue is removed during pre-rinse in order to minimize the use of washing chemicals. Proper cleaning (as determined by FDA) is a function of detergent strength, cleaning time and temperature.
Figure 1: CIP equipment/process configuration.

Where Conductivity Works
Conductivity measurement plays a key role in the following CIP stages and functions:
 - CIP acid and caustic detergent concentration
 To provide detergent of the proper concentration for each CIP circuit and to validate that cleaning was done at the proper detergent strength, conductivity measurement is applied to the returning acid and caustic. These conductivity measurements are proportional to the concentration or solution strength (see Figure 2, below) and are recorded by control systems for validation. The fluids are often partially neutralized during the CIP process, and additional concentrate dosing is required. Conductivity indicates when sufficient concentrate has been added to the appropriate tanks. Figure 1 shows a typical configuration.
 - CIP/process interface and CIP completion
 Because the various cleaning solutions are more conductive than the water used for flushing and final rinsing, conductivity measurement is a cost-effective way to monitor the CIP steps. It is highly effective at detecting the interface between cleaning solutions and the product so that the valves can be switched at the appropriate time to minimize the interface between the two and any resulting product loss. Conductivity measurement can also determine the interface between cleaning fluids and rinse water to minimize CIP time while meeting compliance requirements. When the conductivity drops to the value of rinse water, it indicates that the water is running clear, prompting the next step or the end of the cycle.
Selecting the Right Conductivity Sensor
Conductivity sensors used in CIP applications must be of sanitary design. This means the sensor surface should not have contours or crevices that could trap residue from the product and cause decay or harbor microorganisms that would result in cross-contamination. They also must be made of FDA-approved materials.
There are two main types of sanitary conductivity sensors — contacting and inductive. Contacting sensors bring the measurement electrodes into contact with the solution to be measured. This can be a problem if the solution can foul or corrode the electrodes. Inductive sensors are non-contacting and are often called toroidal because they use toroidal transformers isolated from the process. One toroid acts as a transmitter and the other as a receiver. The transmitter toroid produces an electric current in the process solution that induces a voltage in the receiver toroid. The strength of that induced voltage is directly proportional to the conductivity of the solution.
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PharmaManufacturing.com is the site for knowledge, news and analysis for manufacturing and other professionals working in the pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical and biotech industries.


text:
Archaeologists working at Royal Oak discovered evidence of a prehistoric landscape centred on the upper reaches of the Westbourne river. The Westbourne once flowed from Hampstead in the north, south to the Thames.
The river channel dates back 68,000 years. Pollen sampling indicates that the valley would then have been open and treeless, dominated by grasses and herbs. About 100 fragments of animal bone were recovered and have been identified as bison and reindeer. Gnawing marks on three of the bison bones indicate the presence of carnivores, such as wolves or bears, in the area.
The remains included those of the Auroch, a large ancestor of modern cattle. Bison and deer were also found within soils that have filled in a Pleistocene river channel.
The soil sequence shows that the river channel filled up with fine grain soils during a warm period during the last ice age. Erosion is likely to have washed the animal remains into the channel from a nearby bank, preserving them for thousands of years.
The rare find was of major scientific importance. Assistance was also provided by Oxford Archaeology and specialists from the Natural History Museum. The bones are now being cleaned and studied before they are incorporated into the Natural History Museum's permanent collection.
Prehistoric West London
About 100 fragments of animal bone were found, including three bison bones and a fragment of reindeer antler. The earliest dated sediments at the site date to about 88,000 years ago, with the animal bone layer probably around 68,000 years ago.
Analysis of the bones indicates that the animals had died near the site. Their carcasses had been scavenged by carnivores, such as wolves and bears. The antler fragments came from male reindeer and had been naturally shed, indicating that reindeer were spending the autumn and winter months at the site.


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here is usable for almost any messaging scheme - in Python you send strings, and you can use len() to determine its length (even if it has embedded \0 characters). It's mostly the receiving code that gets more complex. (And in C, it's not much worse, except you can't use strlen if the message has embedded \0s.)
The easiest enhancement is to make the first character of the message an indicator of message type, and have the type determine the length. Now you have two recvs - the first to get (at least) that first character so you can look up the length, and the second in a loop to get the rest. If you decide to go the delimited route, you'll be receiving in some arbitrary chunk size, (4096 or 8192 is frequently a good match for network buffer sizes), and scanning what you've received for a delimiter.
One complication to be aware of: if your conversational protocol allows multiple messages to be sent back to back (without some kind of reply), and you pass recv an arbitrary chunk size, you may end up reading the start of a following message. You'll need to put that aside and hold onto it, until it's needed.
Prefixing the message with it's length (say, as 5 numeric characters) gets more complex, because (believe it or not), you may not get all 5 characters in one recv. In playing around, you'll get away with it; but in high network loads, your code will very quickly break unless you use two recv loops - the first to determine the length, the second to get the data part of the message. Nasty. This is also when you'll discover that send does not always manage to get rid of everything in one pass. And despite having read this, you will eventually get bit by it!
In the interests of space, building your character, (and preserving my competitive position), these enhancements are left as an exercise for the reader. Lets move on to cleaning up.
It is perfectly possible to send binary data over a socket. The major problem is that not all machines use the same formats for binary data. For example, a Motorola chip will represent a 16 bit integer with the value 1 as the two hex bytes 00 01. Intel and DEC, however, are byte-reversed - that same 1 is 01 00. Socket libraries have calls for converting 16 and 32 bit integers - ntohl, htonl, ntohs, htons where "n" means network and "h" means host, "s" means short and "l" means long. Where network order is host order, these do nothing, but where the machine is byte-reversed, these swap the bytes around appropriately.
In these days of 32 bit machines, the ascii representation of binary data is frequently smaller than the binary representation. That's because a surprising amount of the time, all those longs have the value 0, or maybe 1. The string "0" would be two bytes, while binary is four. Of course, this doesn't fit well with fixed-length messages. Decisions, decisions.
Strictly speaking, you're supposed to use shutdown on a socket before you close it. The shutdown is an advisory to the socket at the other end. Depending on the argument you pass it, it can mean "I'm not going to send anymore, but I'll still listen", or "I'm not listening, good riddance!". Most socket libraries, however, are so used to programmers neglecting to use this piece of etiquette that normally a close is the same as shutdown(); close(). So in most situations, an explicit shutdown is not needed.
One way to use shutdown effectively is in an HTTP-like exchange. The client sends a request and then does a shutdown(1). This tells the server "This client is done sending, but can still receive." The server can detect "EOF" by a receive of 0 bytes. It can assume it has the complete request. The server sends a reply. If the send completes successfully then, indeed, the client was still receiving.
Python takes the automatic shutdown a step further, and says that when a socket is garbage collected, it will automatically do a close if it's needed. But relying on this is a very bad habit. If your socket just disappears without doing a close, the socket at the other end may hang indefinitely, thinking you're just being slow. Please close your sockets when you're done.
Probably the worst thing about using blocking sockets is what happens when the other side comes down hard (without doing a close). Your socket is likely to hang. SOCKSTREAM is a reliable protocol, and it will wait a long, long time before giving up on a connection. If you're using threads, the entire thread is essentially dead. There's not much you can do about it. As long as you aren't doing something dumb, like holding a lock while doing a blocking read, the thread isn't really consuming much in the way of resources. Do not try to kill the thread - part of the reason that threads are more efficient than processes is that they avoid the overhead associated with the automatic recycling of resources. In other words, if you do manage to kill the thread, your whole process is likely to be screwed up.
If you've understood the preceeding, you already know most of what you need to know about the mechanics of using sockets. You'll still use the same calls, in much the same ways. It's just that, if you do it right, your app will be almost inside-out.
In Python, you use socket.setblocking(0) to make it non-blocking. In C, it's more complex, (for one thing, you'll need to choose between the BSD flavor O_NONBLOCK and the almost indistinguishable Posix flavor O_NDELAY, which is completely different from TCP_NODELAY), but it's the exact same idea. You do this after creating the socket, but before using it. (Actually, if you're nuts, you can switch back and forth.)
The major mechanical difference is that send, recv, connect and accept can return without having done anything. You have (of course) a number of choices. You can check return code and error codes and generally drive yourself crazy. If you don't believe me, try it sometime. Your app will grow large, buggy and suck CPU. So let's skip the brain-dead solutions and do it right.
In C, coding select is fairly complex. In Python, it's a piece of cake, but it's close enough to the C version that if you understand select in Python, you'll have little trouble with it in C.
ready_to_read, ready_to_write, in_error = \ select.select( potential_readers, potential_writers, potential_errs, timeout)
You pass select three lists: the first contains all sockets that you might want to try reading; the second all the sockets you might want to try writing to, and the last (normally left empty) those that you want to check for errors. You should note that a socket can go into more than one list. The select call is blocking, but you can give it a timeout. This is generally a sensible thing to do - give it a nice long timeout (say a minute) unless you have good reason to do otherwise.
In return, you will get three lists. They have the sockets that are actually readable, writable and in error. Each of these lists is a subset (possibly empty) of the corresponding list you passed in. And if you put a socket in more than one input list, it will only be (at most) in one output list.
If a socket is in the output readable list, you can be as-close-to-certain-as-we-ever-get-in-this-business that a recv on that socket will return something. Same idea for the writable list. You'll be able to send something. Maybe not all you want to, but something is better than nothing. (Actually, any reasonably healthy socket will return as writable - it just means outbound network buffer space is available.)
If you have a "server" socket, put it in the potential_readers list. If it comes out in the readable list, your accept will (almost certainly) work. If you have created a new socket to connect to someone else, put it in the potential_writers list. If it shows up in the writable list, you have a decent chance that it has connected.
One very nasty problem with select: if somewhere in those input lists of sockets is one which has died a nasty death, the select will fail. You then need to loop through every single damn socket in all those lists and do a select([sock],,,0) until you find the bad one. That timeout of 0 means it won't take long, but it's ugly.
Actually, select can be handy even with blocking sockets. It's one way of determining whether you will block - the socket returns as readable when there's something in the buffers. However, this still doesn't help with the problem of determining whether the other end is done, or just busy with something else.
Portability alert: On Unix, select works both with the sockets and files. Don't try this on Windows. On Windows, select works with sockets only. Also note that in C, many of the more advanced socket options are done differently on Windows. In fact, on Windows I usually use threads (which work very, very well) with my sockets. Face it, if you want any kind of performance, your code will look very different on Windows than on Unix.
There's no question that the fastest sockets code uses non-blocking sockets and select to multiplex them. You can put together something that will saturate a LAN


plough into
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: plow into
plough into (third-person singular simple present ploughs into, present participle ploughing into, simple past and past participle ploughed into)
 1. To crash into something.
 The lorry ploughed into the line of stationary cars.
 2. To engage in some activity with vigor
 - 2011, The Economist, Samsung: The next big bet
 In a bid to escape the vagaries of consumer electronics, Samsung may be ploughing headlong into the areas most ripe for invasion by a new breed of emerging-market titans.
 3. (transitive) To invest a resource (money, material, energy) into something
 - 2012, The Economist, Marketing start-ups: Geeks aren't known for their social skills
 Young start-ups usually have had two financing options: hands-off venture capitalists that are willing to plough money into a company without rolling up their sleeves, or business incubators that are short on funds but wealthy in enthusiasm and knowledge.


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High Private Use Surrogates
Range: DB80—DBFF Number of characters: 128
Surrogates (high and low). The UCS includes 2,048 code points in the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP) for surrogate code point pairs. Together these surrogates allow any code point in the sixteen other planes to be addressed by using two surrogate code points. This provides a simple built-in method for encoding the 20.1 bit UCS within a 16 bit encoding such as UTF-16. In this way UTF-16 can represent any character within the BMP with a single 16-bit byte. Characters outside the BMP are then encoded using two 16-bit bytes (4 octets total) using the surrogate pairs. Private Use. The consortium provides several private use blocks and planes that can be assigned characters within various communities, as well as operating system and font vendors.
Unicode blocks:


Fields at the Tip of an Elliptic Cone
Elias Vafiadis, John N. Sahalos
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
13 Citations (Scopus)
Abstract
The field singularities near the tip of an elliptic cone are presented. We prove that the electric field singularity depends on the first even Dirichlet eigenvalue while the first Neumann is related to the magnetic field singularity. Some data on the eigenvalues are given.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1089-1091
Number of pages3
JournalProceedings of the IEEE
Volume72
Issue number8
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1984
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text:
The Fahai Temple (Chinese: 法海寺; pinyin: Fǎhǎi Sì) is Ming Dynasty Buddhist temple located at the foot of Cuiwei Mountain, about two kilometers to the north-east of Moshikou, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China.
Construction of the Fahai Temple started in the 4th year of reign of the Ming Emperor Zhengtong (1439 A.D.) and was completed in the 8th year of his reign (1443).
The most distinguishing part of Fahai Temple is the Ming Dynasty frescoes. The total area of the frescoes is 236.7 square meters. Comparing with other famous frescoes in China, such as the Yongle Palace frescoes and the Dunhuang frescoes, Fahai Temple's well-preserved frescoes are also notable in the depiction of figures, subtlety of patterns and the craft methods.
Cultural Relics
- Bronze Bell
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Fahai Temple|


text:
Art therapy courses
Our art therapy courses are run by a qualified art therapist who offers individual and group sessions and forms secure relationships with the participants.
Did you know that the Greek philosopher Hippocrates (460-377 BC) was the first person to think that epilepsy starts in the brain? Find out more interesting facts and debunked myths around epilepsy and seizures.
There are a number of common misconceptions surrounding epilepsy and epilepsy terminology.
People can feel differently about their diagnosis; some people come to terms with it quickly, some take longer, and some feel that epilepsy will always be an ongoing issue for them.


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Is there any way to concentrate the magnetic field of magnets like a bar magnet at a point?
Permeable (ferrous/ ferromagnetic) materials can guide magnetic flux to a point, but magnetism works better with area. The only way I can think of "concentrating" magnetic flux is to create a coil of wire with electricity flowing through it. Permanent magnets have a set flux strength. They will never get stronger (by themselves), but they could lose flux strength over time and under certain conditions.
No, if you had a universe with just one magnet in it, there would always be a magnetic field at every point in space no matter what you did.
Separate names with a comma.


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Energy-Saving Tips: Greenhouse Operations
The following information is supplied by the California Energy Commission.
Reducing Greenhouse Energy Bills
By Jim Thompson
Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, UC Davis
UC Publicaiton: Reducing Energy Costs in California Greenhouses (PDF)
PDF files require Adobe Reader.
Increased natural gas prices over the last year have hit the greenhouse industry hard. There are some economical ways to reduce natural gas use. A calibrated, fast response thermometer for measuring air temperature and the following options will guide you to cost-effective ways to reduce energy use.
Best Use of Existing Equipment
Timely maintenance of existing equipment is the fastest and least expensive way to cut energy costs. Identify potential problems by surveying the air temperature at crop height. Temperature variation will be most easily observed in the early morning hours when outside air temperature is lowest and the sun has not begun to influence heating needs. If everything is working correctly, air temperature should be consistent and at the desired level. If the average temperature is higher than needed, reduce the thermostat setting accordingly. Keeping a greenhouse one-degree warmer than needed increases gas bills by 10% to 15% under typical California conditions. One note of caution - if you have been operating the facility with this error for several seasons your production scheduling may be inadvertently based on this higher temperature. Reducing growing temperatures may slow the next crop.
Differences between average air temperature and thermostat set point temperature are caused by an error in thermostat calibration or locating the unit in a relatively cold location in the greenhouse. Aspirated enclosures allow thermostats to accurately sample air temperature and reduce error caused by thermostat location. Put a tag on the thermostat indicating the date of calibration and temperature correction factor.
Air temperatures at crop height should be consistent around the facility. Cold areas are often caused by air leaks. Check weather stripping on doors, lubricate fan louvers and ensure they close tightly, patch holes in covering, check lap seals in glass covered houses, and install seals on ridge vents. Seals cost a few cents per square foot of floor area and are a good investment. Make sure that thermal blanket systems close completely. Poor heating system maintenance can also cause cold areas in the greenhouse. Inspect steam and hot water pipes to be sure they are not accidentally buried in trash and debris. Poor hot air distribution from convection heaters can also cause poor air temperature uniformity. Clean fan blades to get original air output and check jet tubes for leaks.
Air temperature should also be fairly uniform from crop to roof. Higher air temperature near the roof indicates inadequate air movement in the greenhouse. Poor air circulation allows cold air to settle to the floor and warm air to rise to the roof. Most of the heat in a greenhouse escapes through the roof so high air temperature near the roof acts just like an improperly calibrated thermostat to increase energy use. Reducing air temperature near the roof by one degree Fahrenheit may lower fuel use by 10%. Air can be mixed with a horizontal fan system or a jet tube unit.
Heating systems may still effectively heat a greenhouse but suffer from poor efficiency if they are not regularly maintained. Over time, boiler tubes become fouled, soot builds up in furnace heat exchangers, and burners lose proper adjustment. Flush boilers to remove scale and deposits. Check the burner combustion efficiency of unit heaters and boilers with a flue gas analysis kit. Clean heat exchangers with a wire brush and vacuum with a special cleaning compound. An 1/8 inch layer of soot can increase fuel use by 10%. Repair or replace malfunctioning steam traps. Check insulation on steam and hot water pipes located outside the greenhouse. If you do not have a regular heating system maintenance program in place, work with your equipment supplier to design a program for your specific system.
Purchase Energy Saving Equipment
After maintaining equipment, the next step to reduce energy costs is to consider capital investment in new equipment. Most of the options increase the insulating effect of the greenhouse by adding a second or third layer of covering. For example, a polyethylene subroof installed under the roof trusses will reduce fuel use by 20% to 30%. All heating and ventilating systems must operate below the added subroof. Energy savings will repay installation costs in one or two seasons. Thermal blankets that are extended inside the walls and roof at night can reduce energy use by 35% to 50%. Insulated thermal blankets have even greater potential for savings. All of these systems are expensive and some greenhouses may not be strong enough to support them. Work with commercial greenhouse equipment companies to determine costs and estimated savings. Rigid board insulation applied to the inside of north walls and below bench height on other walls reduces energy use by 5% to 10%.
Installing moveable benches reduces energy costs per plant produced by increasing the number of plants that can be grown in a greenhouse. Bench space often occupies about 65% of total greenhouse area, the rest of the area is devoted to aisles. Moveable benches allow access to plants but increase useable bench space to about 85% of the greenhouse area, cutting energy use by 30% per plant sold.


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Grand army of the republic or grand army of the Republicans?: political party and ideological preferences of American enlisted personnel
MetadataShow full item record
While much research has been conducted into the political behavior and attitudes of American military officers, little has been accomplished with respect to enlisted personnel. Most reports assume that the American military identify largely with the Republican Party and are mostly conservative in attitude. The most recent large-scale study, the TISS Survey on the Military in the Post Cold War Era conducted by Feaver and Kohn in _PHONE_, confirmed those assumptions among senior officers and is often quoted as representative of the entire military. However, the demographic characteristics of enlisted personnel predict different behavior. The enlisted ranks of the American military are over-represented by minorities who traditionally identify with the Democratic Party. The present study gathered data on enlisted personnel, by means of a survey, to determine whether that specialized population is significantly different in attitude and behavior from that of the officer corps and of the general American population. Enlisted personnel identify with the Republican Party in about the same proportion as do the general American population. However, only about half as many enlisted personnel identify with the Democratic Party as do civilians. Enlisted personnel are also about three times more likely to identify as Independents as do other Americans. Active-duty enlisted personnel demonstrate a 1.7 to 1 partisan (Republican to Democrat) ratio, similar to that found in the veteran enlisted sample (1.8 to 1) and the officer sample (1.6 to 1). The civilian sample shows a.95 to 1 partisan ratio. Thus, active-duty enlisted personnel who identify with a political party are about twice as likely to identify with the Republican Party as are civilians. However, active-duty enlisted personnel are nearly four times as likely as civilians to report being Independent, and are substantially less likely than civilians to identify with the Democratic Party. The Republican to Democrat ratio may well explain the commentary about and observations of a Republican dominated military. Despite the fact that the overall proportion of Republicans within the military is no greater than that found within the general population, that there are twice as many individuals who will state that they are Republicans as those who will state that they are Democrats can easily give the impression of a heavily Republican population. However, active-duty enlisted personnel remain strongly independent when compared to the civilian population. Of special note is a markedly higher political efficacy among military enlisted personnel than is found within the general American population.


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Livestock and grain prices have been very volatile the last several years. These price swings can be good or bad for your profits, depending on how you position your sales and when you buy your inputs.
For a corn and soybean grower, hedging usually means taking a short position to protect against downside price risk. He sells a futures contract, planning to buy it back later. A long hedge, on the other hand, protects against rising prices. It involves buying a futures contract with the intention of selling it later.
Why would you ever consider a long hedge and how would it work?
Livestock feeders who want to lock in cheap feed usually make long hedges. Many seed companies use long hedges to lock in seed costs at the right time. Grain farmers who bought diesel fuel ahead or bought long energy contracts saved a lot on fuel expenses in 1999 as energy prices doubled. Cattle feeders may have used long feeder cattle futures last year to lock in low-cost fall feeder cattle. And an increasing number of grain farmers are using long futures to replace cash grain sales when the right merchandising opportunities develop.
The example in Table 1 shows a long corn feed hedge. In January of 1999, this farmer agreed to buy 1,000 feeder pigs during the last half of February. The hogs would go to market in August. He worked out his breakeven with his lender, and determined that, by hedging the hogs and locking in his feed costs, he could make $14/head.
On Jan. 20, he forward-sold five contracts of August lean hogs at $57/cwt (carcass value), locked in his cash soybean meal, and then bought 10,000 bu of September 1999 corn futures at $2.32/bu.
The long corn feed hedge didn't make or lose him a lot of money. But contracting the hogs at $57 was the right move because lean hogs dropped to $47 by the time he delivered, and he made the $14/head profit he had budgeted. Without protecting himself against higher feed costs and lower hog prices, he wouldn't have been able to secure the loan or make the money raising hogs.
The example in Table 2 is of a soybean grower, a long-time customer who walked into my office on Jan. 8, 1997. "I just sold 20,000 bu of soybeans to buy a farm and I want to own them back in the July contract," he said.
This example shows how retaining ownership on paper can work in an uptrending market, especially if any type of weather scare develops.
Holding onto cash soybeans or futures contracts made a lot of money during the spring of 1997 as soybean prices eventually went over $9/bu. That strategy would not have worked during the last two years as soybean prices have been in a major downtrend. The risk is the same whether you're holding cash or futures.
This question often comes up: "Is selling the cash soybeans and then buying them back in the futures market speculating?" The answer is "yes," just like sitting on cash soybeans in the bin with no hedges or put protection is speculating in the cash market. The key in reownership is to make the buy-back simultaneous with the cash sale and make sure you're buying back an equal or lesser amount in the futures market.
I'm not an accountant and don't give legal advice, so if you're not sure how this may work, check with your accountant or tax advisor first.
If you understand the mechanics of selling the cash crop and buying back the futures, then the key question is when should you transfer ownership to paper. One such time would be if you've been forced to sell the cash commodity and want to retain ownership. Another would be if you're offered an exceptional basis, suchas when an elevator pushes bids to load a train, and you know that if you hold the cash product too long you'll end up taking a worse basis.
The real financial gain is the interest you save by being able to take 80-90% of the money to the bank and save or earn interest.


run the SubProcessing library, which is a little version of the Processing Graphics library, written just for the TouchShield. From now on, any program written for the TouchShield Stealth will work on the Slide and vice versa, as well as being cross-compatible with any version of Processing you might have installed on your computer. This means I can prototype graphics on my PC, and then flash it down to the Arduino, and it'll look the same!
So the first step is to program the TouchShield. From December 18th, 2008 and onward, every TouchShield that gets mailed out will come pre-loaded with the latest version of the SubProcessing software as of that date, so if this is the first time you're using it, you can skip this step. Otherwise, continue to update the TouchShield's firmware:
Open up the TouchShield.txt file. It contains a small little program that puts the TouchShield into "canvas" mode. This means it sits there, waiting for display commands from the Arduino. That code looks like this:
void setup(void) {
void loop(void) {
Copy and paste this code into the Arduino IDE main window. Then, select the appropriate Serial port from the Tools->Serial Port menu. On my computer, it's serial port 18. Then, select the right board from the Tools->Board menu (either TouchShield Stealth or TouchShield Slide).
Click the compile (or play) button to compile the code. Now, press the reset button on the TouchShield. On the Stealth and the Slide, it's the button right next to the USB connector on the Arduino. This puts the TouchShield into reset mode, waiting for a program from the Arduino IDE.
Now press the program button, or "upload to I/O board". The LEDs will blink as the program is downloaded to the board, and then it'll finish. Done!
The final step is to load a program onto the Arduino.
Open the Arduino.txt file, and copy and paste this into a new program in the Arduino IDE window. Now, select "Arduino" from the Tools->Boards menu. Press play to compile, and then press the "upload to IO board" button to send the program to the Arduino. Done!
In about a second or two, the Arduino will reset, and will start sending commands to the TouchShield. The program is pretty simple, it just displays a little red square that you can drag around the screen. If you happen to have a Slide and a Stealth, you can hot-swap the two shields one after the other, and they'll both start displaying whatever the Arduino sends to them. In some cases, it might help to cycle the power on the Arduino and TouchShield, by reseting or re-plugging in the USB or Lithium Backpack.
If you have any questions, or want any help writing some code, or if anything at all doesn't work, or if you're just looking for someone to bounce ideas or talk to, just drop me an email!
Matt and Chris
(and Limor and Sheldon and Omar - thanks!)
Wednesday, December 17, 2008
A silly little Twilight Game
Although technicaaaaaallly...
if (choicedir) {
} else {
if (choicedir++ > 4) {
choicedir = 0;
xme += 2 * dirx2;
yme += 2 * diry2;
Tuesday, December 16, 2008
How would you change the Arduino?
Talk about Merry Christmas!
I just got back from meeting up with a former professor of mine here in New York City (the one who taught me signals and systems back in undergrad - ugh), and he told me that he's been using the Arduino in his class now for about a year. But, his students keep running out of I/O and memory for their projects, and assignments. Sooo... (drum roll) he was wondering if I'd be willing to make a few modifications for him (like finding a way to fit in more IO pins, for starters). But here's the best part yet... he's going to use part of his grant to help fund it all... Thanks!
Anyway, it's only fair to give back to the open source hardware community, so in the next few weeks, over my Christmas vacation, I'm going to be laying out a whole new board, hopefully in time for the first week or two of 2009, to usher in the new year with a new board. Chris, Justin, Mike, and I learned a lot about about the little details with AVR back when we first built the TouchShield, so hopefully that will all come in handy this time around.
Here's the catch. The whole thing, literally everything down to parts lists and schematics and you name it, is going to be Open Source. As in GNU and Creative Commons and Free Software Foundation Open Source. As in real, true, 100% USDA prime "open source hardware". In fact, everything I build and code will go straight to David Mellis from the Arduino team, and maybe it'll even make its way into future Arduino releases (fingers crossed).
Anyway, if you have any special requests, just let me know, and I'll try my best to include it in the design! :)
Thursday, December 11, 2008
RED = Angry
Blue = Hungry
Magenta = Tired
Black = Sleeping
White = Excited
Orange = Happy
Yellow = Worried
16,384 Red LEDs
16,384 Green LEDs
16,384 Blue LEDs
RGB Lamp Test from Mike Mc on Vimeo.
I rest my case.
Monday, December 8, 2008
Processing, meet Tom Duff
My girlfriend has turned me on to Taste Spotting, so I gave it whirl with chicken parmesan. The pictures are so enticing that I immediately started rifeling through the fridge, pushing leftover containers aside desperately searching for the ingredients. I knew they were in there somewhere, but it occurred to me that if there was a way to get rid of all those leftover containers faster, then I could get to my tasty meal that much sooner.
This reminded me of the pin register trick I wrote about in a previous post, but this trick starts to become really interesting when used with the concept of loop unrolling for hard-core code optimization.
Thanks to Tom Duff and his cleverly named "Duff Device", we can show this optimization technique in C and not assembler.
/* A Duff Device */
_TAG_ DUFF_DEVICE_8(aCount, aAction) \
do { \ int count_ = (aCount); \
switch (count_ & 7){\
case 0: do { aAction; \
case 7: aAction; \
case 6: aAction; \
case 5: aAction; \
case 4: aAction; \
case 3: aAction; \
case 2: aAction; \
case 1: aAction; \
} while (--times_ > 0); \ } \ } while (0)
This code listing takes a variable length loop action and unrolls it into batches of 8 sequential actions. What a clever exploit of the switch statement!
Thanks Tom, and now it's possible to enhance many of the low-level drawing routines of Matt's Sub-Processing library on the TouchShield to support screen painting at 60 frames per second. Not too shabby for an 8-bit device.
Ruby on Rails vs. Arduino Processing
Firstly, I'll just put it out there: yes, these two languages are meant to do two entirely, completely different things, and therefore cannot be directly compared with each other. But analogy and comparison are powerful (and fun) tools, so I'm going to use them today :)
I've gotten several emails over the past few weeks, asking if I could post the source code to the programs I've written in a zip file format, since blogspot tends to mess up the ampersands, greater, and less than signs in my Arduino sketches when I just copy and paste. Despite my attempts to try to fix each snippet I post, some inevitably mess up, so I decided to take a whirl at learning Ruby on Rails and made an open source "app store" (sort of like Apple, but 100% not really). All the app source code snippets I've posted ever are GNU licensed open source, and are now zipped into little packages over here. I'll try to do this from now on, too! Anyway, doing this made me learn a lot about the language underpinnings of Rails.
It was an odd juxtaposition: I had a chance to write Ruby code for the website, and in between functions I'd make some more progress on my Processing on Arduino app. Flipping back and forth between Rails and Arduino Processing was actually harder than I thought...
What is Ruby on Rails?
 - A script-based, runtime compiled, object oriented language called Ruby extended with a development framework called Rails
 - It's used for a lot of websites these days because of how easy it is to manage prototype, deploy, manage backend changes, etc.
 - It's lead users are all those spritely web coders running all over the place these days (and since everyone kept making such a big deal about it, I figured I'd try to learn it)
Arduino Processing
 - A narrow subset of Java (close to C and C++) called Processing compiled to bytecode to run on an embedded machine, within a development framework called "Arduino"
 - It's used for teaching electronics, creating art, making open gadgets and electronics
 - It's lead users are all those guys that post furiously over at (and a bunch of fellow Italian guys!)
So


text:
Origin: earlier Turkey-cock, term orig. applied to the guinea fowl, sometimes imported through Turkey and for a time identified with the Am fowl
See turkey in American Heritage Dictionary 4
noun pl. tur·keys
Origin: After Turkey
Origin: from a confusion with the guinea fowl, once believed to have originated in Turkish territory.
See turkey in Ologies
1. the political doctrines and achievements of Kemal Ataturk (_PHONE_), Turkish general and statesman.
2. support of or adherence to Ataturk. —Kemalist, n., adj.
an obsession with Turkey and things Turkish.
Learn more about turkey


What is Dropbox
Dropbox
Definition:
Dropbox is an online file storage and collaboration platform that gives users a convenient and secure way to store, share, and access their documents, photos, videos, and other digital content. It is a cloud storage solution that synchronizes across all devices (laptop, desktop, tablet, phone), allowing you to access content from anywhere.
Dropbox also provides advanced features such as team collaboration, version control, remote wipe, and a host of security measures to ensure your data is always safe and secure.
Dropbox features and functionality
Among the main features of Dropbox we can highlight:
 - Cross-device sync: Dropbox syncs files, documents, photos, and videos across devices so you can access them from anywhere. It also allows you to share any file with colleagues or clients around the world.
 - Backup and restore: Dropbox provides an option to back up files. It also offers a convenient way to restore lost or deleted files with just a few clicks.
 - Security: Dropbox uses advanced security measures such as two-factor authentication, encrypted data storage and transport, file security, and data protection to keep data safe.
 - Team collaboration: Dropbox allows teams to collaborate from anywhere in the world, providing a secure platform for sharing and editing documents. It also includes features such as commenting and file versioning to ensure an efficient workflow.
 - Mobile app access: Dropbox provides a dedicated mobile app for iOS and Android devices, so you can access and manage files on the go.
Origin and evolution of Dropbox
Dropbox was founded in 2007 by two MIT students, Drew Houston and Arash Ferdowsi. It started as a side project while attending college and eventually grew into a multimillion-dollar business. Dropbox's idea was to create an easy-to-use cloud storage solution that would allow users to store their files online and access them from any device. Since then, it has become one of the most popular cloud storage solutions on the market, with more than 500 million users worldwide.
Dropbox alternatives
Among the main alternatives to Dropbox we can highlight:
 - Google Drive: This is a cloud storage service provided by Google that offers storage, file sharing, and collaboration features.
 - OneDrive: A cloud storage service from Microsoft that offers storage, file sharing, and collaboration features.
 - iCloud: It is a cloud storage service provided by Apple that integrates with your devices and offers storage, file sharing, and collaboration features. Box: This is a cloud storage and collaboration platform that offers various features and integrations with other tools.
 - pCloud: It is a cloud storage service that offers a number of features, including file sharing, collaboration, and security.
 - Sync.com: This is a cloud storage service that offers file sharing, collaboration, and strong security features


text:
Vectorization, the Other Parallelism
Moore's Law correctly predicted that processor transistor density would increase year after year. All those extra transistors have been used to make powerful hardware capabilities like multiple cores and hardware extensions that improve performance. Intel processors have extensions that support SIMD (single instruction, multiple data) parallelism with Intel® SSE and Intel® AVX(2). These instructions operate on a vector of data in parallel. The vector width, and therefore the number of elements that can be accessed in parallel, continues to expand as new processor technologies are introduced. Applications need to be vectorized to take advantage of SIMD instructions that utilize the expanded vector width.
There are some pretty easy ways to vectorize your code like autovectorization. This requires no changes to code. Next are using libraries that utilize both threading and vectorization to improve performance. For some applications, more advanced techniques may be needed to provide information to the compiler, including using special build logs and features such as Intel® Cilk™ Plus.
A great place to start is by downloading the Vectorization CodeBook. You will find simple, yet powerful vectorization techniques that can be used by just about any application developer using Intel® Compilers and libraries. If you came from the Vectorization CodeBook, explore additional topics included on the right.
Vectorization Toolkit - This toolkit outlines 6 Steps to Increase Performance Through Vectorization in Your Application.
Intel® C++ Composer XE Getting Started Tutorials
Intel® Fortran Composer XE Getting Started Tutorials
Intel Software Product Tutorials, A complete listing of getting started tutorials and show-me videos for many Intel development products.
Intel Learning Lab, Repository of learning materials, videos, guides filterable by expertise, product, operating system and more.
An Introduction to Vectorization with the Intel® C++ Compiler
An Introduction to Vectorization with the Intel® Fortran Compiler


text:
- Land Tenure Pathway for Irrigated Agriculture will help develop irrigated agricultural projects
- Part of the Liberal National Government's $40 million Water for Food program, made possible by Royalties for Regions
The Liberal National Government today launched a detailed information package to help simplify the land approvals process for irrigated agriculture business development, as part of the $40 million Water for Food program.
Regional Development and Lands Minister Terry Redman released the Land Tenure Pathway for Irrigated Agriculture (LTPIA) package at the Kununurra Agricultural Show. The pathway is designed to stimulate economic development and investment in intensive irrigated agriculture projects across Western Australia.
"The package and a website will be important tools for pastoralists and investors seeking to obtain a more secure tenure for irrigated agricultural development," Mr Redman said.
"This package provides pastoralists and third party investors with a clear pathway to change the tenure to a long-term lease or potentially freehold, which will provide more security to develop irrigated agricultural projects.
"The package has been developed in consultation with relevant government agencies, and from feedback obtained through the Mowanjum and Gogo Stations Water for Food pilot case studies."
Water Minister Mia Davies said it was great to see the high level of interest in irrigated agriculture generated through the Water for Food program and having a clear process for land tenure was essential if WA was to capitalise on those opportunities.
The Department of Lands will also be presenting a series of workshops on the LTPIA in regional WA, commencing in the Kimberley and Pilbara regions from September.
Representatives from the Department of Lands' Water for Food team will be at the Kununurra Agricultural Show today and copies of the LTPIA information package will be available.
- LTPIA is part of the State Government's Water for Food project, under the Royalties for Regions $350 million Seizing the Opportunity Agriculture initiative
- For more information on the LTPIA, visit _URL_
- For more information on Water for Food, visit _URL_


text:
Fine-Tune Your Teaching Language
Why small adjustments make a big difference
TaraMarie Perri is founder and director of Mind Body Dancer, a community of teachers and students dedicated to mind/body practices, education and research. One of Perri's projects examines how fine-tuning teaching language, according to guidelines from new studies in neuropsychology, can result in a deeper, more efficient learning experience for students. Here, she shares how these practices can be specifically applied to dance training.
"Don't lock your elbows."
I heard this correction over and over again as a student, but strangely, hyperextended elbows frustrated me well into my dance career. Jumps were another story, though. A coach once challenged me during a grand pas de chat to "try staying airborne until you absolutely have to come down." Afterward, taking flight in big jumps became a favorite challenge.
The first correction was given repeatedly over the years, yet the second was given just once. It turns out there's a big difference in how my brain translated the two directives, which made one approach more effective than the other.
Even seasoned teachers get discouraged when they repeat themselves week after week. Luckily, small adjustments to how they phrase corrections can help. Neuroscientists, psychologists and linguists, when studying how language affects movement, have discovered that how the brain "hears" and processes language directly impacts the body's initial responses. Our brains learn through symbols and images and are therefore wired to initiate movement only when hearing words focused on actions, directions in space or movement qualities. Dance students develop stronger brain-to-body memory (a more accurate term for muscle memory) when they receive corrections combining action-inspired words, focused imagery and positive messaging.
A Call to Action
In dance training, precise alignment and aesthetics are essential. Teachers can help students develop these qualities with more detailed direction. Take the classic request to "pull up." Students unconsciously respond to "pull up" with an automatic, muscular response in hopes of either gaining praise or avoiding further corrections. However, students won't gain core strength by temporarily responding to the teacher's command. This can only be developed by cultivating brain-to-body memory.
Mind Body Dancer teacher Cara Surico uses opposing forces to help cultivate brain-to-body memory with her students. "With every up there is a down, every push has a pull, every rise has a fall," she says. Instead of "pull up," try using creative language such as "imagine your head pushing the ceiling away as your feet press firmly down into the ground." This type of direction aids the flow of brain-to-body wiring, creating the muscular actions necessary for developing true core strength. Students will simultaneously stabilize alignment and stand taller on their own.
Not only is action language easier for the body to apply, it also imprints a hard-wired signal that dancers can access in the future. My teacher who coupled action language ("try staying airborne") with a goal ("until you absolutely have to come down")—instead of the standard "jump higher"—gave me a memorable "aha" moment. My jumping virtuosity immediately increased, and I could summon this brain-to-body wiring when taking flight in future choreography.
Limitations vs. Possibilities
Try using positive messaging—which MBD defines as "language of possibility"—instead of negative messaging, or "language of limitation." Positive messaging activates brain-to-body listening abilities and psychologically supports the student. However, students also store negative movement pathways, which delays their physical and artistic development.
As a student, I desperately wanted to change my stiff arms, but I continued to lock my elbows no matter how many times my teacher said not to. Research shows that when we preface a correction with the word "don't," the brain continues to send a signal to repeat the undesired action, forgetting the "don't" part completely.
It's easy to say, "don't do that" or "stop" because we know what we don't want to see. Try replacing negative commands with positive messaging such as "try" or "what if." When you ask for what you want, instead of what you don't, corrections lead to greater success.
Bodies "Hear" Differently
When creating new action language, anticipate that student responses vary—what works for one body may not translate clearly on another. Focused imagery and invitations to explore can encourage visible change in several bodies at once, because they allow students more freedom to discover corrections on their own. MBD instructor Liz Beres observes that "playful imagery draws students into a more curious way of working. This leads them out of certain physical and mental habits and into those 'aha' moments." Nature, shapes, textures or shared human experiences are great places to start when brainstorming ideas.
Students often respond with enthusiasm when teachers freshen up teaching language. Using imagery and action-inspired phrases takes practice, but ultimately it creates a more dynamic and creative classroom environment. DT
TaraMarie Perri is on faculty at the dance department at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts.
Build Your Language Repertoire
Using the tips below, brainstorm a few new cues or corrections for your next class or rehearsal.
Mix and Match
Combine words of action, images and directions with qualities of movement.
Action: push, press, direct, send, reach, expand, lengthen
Image: water, light, weight, arrows
Direction: wall to wall, floor to ceiling, outward, inward
Quality: sharply, softly, heavily
Invite to Inspire
Try asking a question instead of giving commands and invite students to explore on their own. Try: "Why not…?", "Have you thought about…?" or "What if…?"
Limitation vs. Possibility
Decide if language is causing limitations or creating possibilities for students.
Tendency: "Don't crunch your toes."
Instead: "Send laser beams out from each toe."
Tendency: "Don't tuck."
Instead: "Lengthen your tailbone directly down past your inner heels into the floor."
Tendency: "Shoulders down."
Instead: "Find more space between your earlobes and your collarbones."
Trial and Error
Identify a new move or common alignment challenge for several students.
- Notice which cues are effective and add them to the language repertoire.
- If something does not work, adjust it slightly or try another way.
Photo by Sophie Kuller, courtesy of Mind Body Dancer


text:
Tourism Industry News
Hungary's Pecs Prepares to be European Culture Capital
In 2010, Pécs will be the first Hungarian city to become European Capital of Culture, together with the German city of Essen and the Turkish metropolis Istanbul. The motto "The City Without Borders" recalls that Pécs has over 30 partner towns in southern Transdanubia as well as in the international cultural region to which Trieste, Maribor, Tuzla, Novi Sad and others belong, and which it plans to include in its program for 2010.
Essen in Germany's Ruhr valley and Istanbul will also bear the title of European Capital of Culture next year. Pécs assimilated both Turkish and German influences, contributing to its cultural diversity. Pécs is also the site of one of Hungary's eight UNESCO World Cultural Heritage treasures, early Christian grave chambers.
The existence of these graves was known as early as the 18th century, and some parts were discovered in the course of construction work in the 20th century. Archaeologists have identified over 100 graves. These
See Also Other News


The Obelisk
The Pyradym™ Obelisk Base Cabinet is a powerful accessory to use with the Pyradym BioResonance Healing Instrument, and together combine to create a modern obelisk embodiment in a portable form.
the obelisk
Whereas, the Pyradym uses a tactile device attached to the interior of the base panel of the instrument to create the articulated vibrational aspects of the generated sound, the Obelisk Base Cabinet significantly increases the sensorial impact of the instrument.
The sound that Pyradym generates is primarily, (but not exclusively), "felt" as the low frequency physioacoustic ("vibrational") component, presenting a higher SPL (Sound Pressure Level) into a bigger space requires a little more "oomph" if you're trying to cover a larger group of a dozen people or more.
The Obelisk Base Cabinet is ideal for "sound bath" applications, and is an ideal solution for churches, yoga studios, and large meditation rooms.
Although the term "subwoofer" is generally used as a descriptor for this application, a subwoofer's specific purpose is to accurately reproduce recorded music information, and are typically designed to be as acoustically "transparent" as possible and not influence the tonal "colour" of the any recording you play through them.
Sonically, the Obelisk is actually designed to enhance the sound of Pyradym and provide more of a "woodyness" to the larger tone being synthesized by Pyradym.
In a musical instrument context, you can think of it terms of where the strings of a Piano or Upright Bass generate the actual sound frequencies (notes) of the instrument, it is the WOOD and the construction of their cabinets that project the sound into the space around them and gives the instrument it's tonal character and natural "organic" feel.
Additionally, the Obelisk cabinet is designed to naturally resonate with Pyradym, meaning that the Obelisk cabinet will increase the volume of the Pyradym instrument without the electronics even being turned on.
While adding "breath" to Pyradym's sound, it energetically couples to the Base Cabinet to then function as the pointed "Benben" portion of an obelisk as once they did in ancient Egyptian temples.
In Egyptian creation texts, the Benben was stated as a physical Primeval Point of Origin, and a temple built around it became a source of knowledge and higher awareness for initiates who were of integrity and purity enough to follow the path into gnosis.
Stone Obelisks found throughout the world have their origins in the Atlantean culture, and were believed to have been the "anchor points" for that society's power grid technology, as well as being subtle energy "antenna" technology to be used for "tuning in" to the Universe.
An extremely powerful design, the Obelisk concept was carried forward in the thousands of Sacred Sites that were created by the many temple cultures that have existed over time who had incorporated the structure into their churches and standing stone circles.
Scattered throughout the world, a number of them still stand today as both a testimony and a reminder of a time when mankind would build such monuments to inspire and maintain a more intimate connection to the energy of our planet.
Regarded as "Oracles", these monolithic structures were placed in very specific locations within the temple site, where due to the location's telluric characteristics, connection with other levels of consciousness was enhanced and made more immediate.
These energetic "hot spots" were also sonically enhanced by the Obelisk, and were typically reserved for marriage ceremonies, sound healing sessions, and fertility rituals.
Occurrences of "out-of-body experiences" and prophetic visions during these activities were common.
Couple your Pyradym with an Obelisk today...
PRICE: $3,300.00 USD
Standard Finish: Cherry, Wenge, or Natural (Other finishes available by request at extra cost)
Dimensions: 18" x 18" x 28" (approx.)
Weight: 45 pounds (net)
Max. Power Requirement: 120 VA
Enclosure Construction: Overlaid Cabinet-grade Hard Maple plywood;
Connexion: Molded 3-wire cordset, 10 ft. (non-removable)
Protection: User accessible fuse (Other finishes available by request at extra cost)
INPUT: The PYRADYM OBELISK BASE comes complete with a 3' long hard-wired signal input cable that is intended to plug directly into the EXT. AUDIO OUT connector of the PYRADYM Instrument.
Output Controls:
THRU AUDIO: Is a parallel audio send to the PYRADYM Instrument's AUDIO OUT, and can be connected to any external stereo line-level amplification or recording system by inserting a stereo phone plug into this jack.
(External Audio Output Impedance: 4.7K Ohms, 2.2v p-p)
VOLUME: Controls the PYRADYM OBELISK BASE cabinet's generated sound level. This control features the same "logarithmically damped contour" design feature that the PYRADYM instrument uses to create a more natural volume characteristic when the knob position is changed. In other words, when the knob is rotated to a new position, the volume change of the instrument will not be immediate, but will swell or diminish with a slow, natural time delay.
MUTE: This switch has a pushbutton toggle function which controls whether the sound will be output to the cabinet's internal transducer. Similar to the PYRADYM instrument, the associated GREEN indicator will light to indicate the tactile output is ON. This feature enables one to disengage the audio send to the cabinet, which also features the same logarithmic contour characteristic as the VOLUME control when changed.
Limited 1 Year Parts and Labour, excluding normal wear and tear and catastrophic events, (shipping not included).
"At AugusTara, Inc. we believe that the best product design is couched in the philosophy that when it reliably serves the needs of an individual, it will serve the greater needs of the collective society. Those elements combined with an alignment to a higher consciousness IS the paradigm of product design for the new millennium" - August Worley
© 2009 AugusTara, LLC. Duplication of any of this material in whole or in part without expressed written consent of AugusTara, LLC is prohibited.
PYRADYM TM and OBELISK BASE CABINET TM are registered trademarks of AugusTara, LLC. US Patent #: 7,537,576
Pyradym is Pure Sound


Rhubarb pie
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Rhubarb pie
A slice of rhubarb pie
Type Pie
Place of origin UK
Variations butter, flour, rhubarb, sugar
Rhubarb pie is a pie with a rhubarb filling.
Besides diced rhubarb, it almost always contains a large amount of sugar to balance the intense tartness of the plant.
Rhubarb pie is particularly popular in those areas where the rhubarb plant is commonly cultivated, including Finland, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Ireland and the New England and Upper Midwestern regions of the United States.
In Canada and the United States, strawberry rhubarb pie is a popular late-spring pie, generally combining the first strawberries of the season with the last of the rhubarb.
See also[edit]


Andé Restaurant 767 5th Avenue,
New York 10021, USA
+00 01 23 456 789
 / Uncategorized / What is European Food Like?
What does a European Breakfast Taste Like
What is European Food Like?
People want to know the ins and outs of something before they try it and so, it's no surprise people ask what is European food like. While we're all familiar with things like fish and chips or various kinds of pasta, there is a whole world of European foods. Remember that European food goes from Britain to Russia, that's a lot of dishes that could be on a menu.
If you're unsure as to what is European food is like, let's go over some of the differences and why there is not a totally clear cut answer. Remember though, reading about food is always different than experiencing it.
The Differences
Every region has its thing and European food is no different. The dishes tend to be heavier on meats, flour, and starches. Bread, beef, lamb, noodles, butter, potatoes, all things common in European foods that aren't as prevalent in others. Salad is also a major part of the cuisine, as is a particular order to the meal. While many cultures have an order to their meal, European cuisine was very much about appetizers being served one way and needing to have a particular sense of flavor to dessert being the same. It is now common practice for appetizers before meals, as you well know.
Things like rice and corn have become part of European foods but, they aren't traditionally nor are they staple. It comes from cultures moving around the globe and trading cooking tips. Overall though, that is the core of European food.
Every Place is their Own
What is European Food LikeJust because European cuisine tends to have ingredients in common doesn't mean it is all the same everywhere. Asian foods have similar spices and ingredients but, Korean and Chinese foods are wildly different. The same goes for European cuisine.
Italian food is different than Greek and French food is dissimilar from the British. Every country and culture has its own history, developing their own cuisine over the centuries. So, asking what European food is like can be rather difficult. You'd have to ask what each country's food is like, though there may be similarities as noted above.
The best way to find out what European food is like is to try authentic European food. You can travel the world from your plate, tasting the history of each culture and what they've brought to the table. Quite literally.
More than a Continent
Counties like Germany and Poland have their own dishes as does Spain and Italy. Europe is more than a continent, it's a land filled with dozens upon dozens of histories. Each has its own flavors and while some areas have more in common than others, each has its specialties as well. The French, for example, are known for their rich desserts. The Germans for their sausages, and the Italians for their pasta.
It's all European cuisine.
There are Central European cuisines, Eastern European cuisines, Northern European cuisines, and Southern European cuisines. That would give you a closer taste evaluation but, Serbian foods would still be different than Albanian. That's like saying food in New England is just the same as food in Kentucky. Different regions have their own spin, though they may come from similar roots.
If you're really curious as to what is European food like, treat yourself to a few dishes and see it does taste like. That is what we're most proud of at the Old European, offering people the chance to taste the other side of the world. Authentic and across Europe is what we offer.
So, come on in and find out for yourself what is European food like. We'll be happy to talk you through the menu, offer suggestions as to what you may like. Some things may be wildly different than what you're used to and that can be the best surprise. Tasting something entirely new.
Reading about food is one thing but, it's always different when it hits your tongue. Let's solve that curiosity for you. Come on in and taste Europe.
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Women CEOs Share Defining Traits, Report Says
Meg Whitman, CEO of Hewlett Packard Enterprise (center), is just one of a handful of CEO of global companies, compared to hundreds of male CEOs.
Women CEOs face a longer, more difficult climb to the top, and they are more likely to come from STEM and finance backgrounds, new research suggests.
Those are some of the findings in a study by the Korn Ferry Institute, which conducted one-on-one interviews with 57 women CEOs to learn about their experiences, competencies, traits and what drives them.
Of the women surveyed, 41 are CEOs of Fortune 1000 companies and 16 run large privately held companies. Researchers point out that only 6% of Fortune 1000 companies are women, and there have been only 94 women CEOs ever in the Fortune 500.
The Rockefeller Foundation supported the Korn Ferry research as part of its 100×25 initiative, which aims to reach at least 100 Fortune 500 women CEOs by 2025.
The study found that the same defining traits and competencies emerged time and time again in the interviews with the CEOs—risk-taking, resilience, agility and managing ambiguity.
"There's a need to tap into the highly consistent traits and drivers of the 57 women in their organizations and make sure they get matched," says Jane Stevenson, Korn Ferry's Global Leader for CEO succession, who led the research initiative.
Among the findings, the women CEOs were an average of four years older than their male counterparts and worked in a slightly higher number of roles, functions, companies and industries.
Researchers found that the women shared backgrounds in STEM and finance that helped them establish a higher level of credibility that they could broaden into leadership.
"Roles in STEM and finance helped them get closer to the core of the business," says Evelyn Orr, Chief Operating Officer of the Korn Ferry Institute and a leader of the research initiative.
Another finding was that the women initially didn't set their sights on becoming CEO, despite their evident potential. Two-thirds of the women said they never considered the possibility of becoming CEO until a boss or mentor encouraged them.
"It was not just what they knew or who they knew, but also who knew what they knew," Stevenson says.
Researchers hope the study will create a roadmap for women building careers and companies looking for CEO material. The research concludes:
Women need training as business executives, not just as leaders. "Men tend to be trained in business. Women tend to be trained, but they miss some of those core first steps that are hard to recover," Stevenson says.
Women also need a sponsor who can help them advance—meaning a person within their organization who keys in on their talents and has the ability to open doors.
Companies need to be able to identify women in their organizations who possess common CEO traits and make sure these women are placed in executive positions.
"We can look early on and find potential people who have what it takes to run the company. That's an exciting finding," Orr says.


Note: this article has not been updated since Aug. 1998.
Some Pictures
Coat of arms of the Republic of Hungary, since 1990
Coat of arms of the kingdom of Hungary, prior to 1918 (click here for another depiction, from the castle in Buda, 1880))
Other GIF images of maps and shields of Hungary available by anonymous FTP at See also a page on Hungarian coats of arms.
The arms of Hungary from 1867 to 1918 were as follows: Quarterly, 1. Azure, three leopards' heads affrontés, crowned or (Dalmatia); 2. Chequy Argent and Gules (Croatia); 3. Azure, a river in fess gules, bordered argent, thereupon a marten proper, beneath a six-pointed star or (Esclavonia); 3. per fess azure and or, over all a bar gules, issuing therefrom a demi-eagle displayed sablem addextré in chief of the sun in splendour, and senestré of a crescent argent, in the base seven towers 3 and 4, of the third ( Transylvania); enté en point Gules, a double-headed eagle proper on a peninsula vert, holding a vase pouring water into the sea argent, beneath a crown proper with bands azure (Fiume). En surtout: an escutcheon per pale Hungary Ancient (barry of 8 gules and argent) and Hungary Modern (gules, on a mount vert a crown or, issuant therefrom a double cross argent), over all an escutcheon bearing Habsburg-Lorraine (tierced in pale Habsburg, Austria and Lorraine). Crown: Saint Stephen's crown. Supporters: two angels. Motto: bizalmam az ösi erényben.
A Note on Hungarian Heraldry
What follows was originally posted on the newsgroup rec.heraldry some years ago. Note, however, that the author was looking at color depictions of coats of arms that are discolored and misleading; his conclusions about metal-on-metal should therefore be taken with caution.
From: rice) Thomas Barnes/Lothar von Katzenellenbogen
I've recently been studying the pictures in Ot Evszazad Cimerei: A magyar orszagos leveltar civeres levelein by Nyulaszine Straub Eva (Corvina, Magjelent: 1987). It is appearantly a listing of all the grants of arms made by the Holy Roman Emperor/Austro-Hungarian Emperor from 1404 to 1918 and held in the National Library in Budapest (it is therefore not complete). It has over 50 color plates of arms from grants of arms and over a thousand black and white redrawings of arms with the correct heraldic hatchments. It is the most impressive armorial I have ever seen in publication. It is available via Inter-Library Loan (at least in the U.S.) and is probably still in print.
Hungarian heraldry is unlike any other style of heraldry I have ever seen. It flagrantly breaks virtually every heraldic convention even in the period that we think of as being the "classical" period of heraldry before the decadent period of the Baroque and Enlightenment periods. Tamas's assertion that Hungarian charges need to be supported by a mount comes from the 18th and 19th c. practice of putting many charges on a mount. Early Hungarian heraldry (ca. 1400) differs from German heraldry only in the fact that it tends to use more demi-beasts, crowns, and mounts or bases that German heraldry from the same period. Some Hungarian heraldry from this period is very simple. For example: Per bend sinister embattled Argent(??) and gules, two roses counterchanged.
Based on a study of the book, here's what I've discovered:
 1. Hungarian heraldry ignores the rule of tincture more often than it obeys it. For example:
 - Or, a stork (statant?) argent. Tetenyi (Kapy) 1405
 - Azure, a stork rousant contourny sable beaked and jambed gules crowned and engorged or and maintaining in its beak a snake Or. Somkereki Erdelyi 1415
 - Azure, a castle of three towers gules and issuant from dexter and sinister chief a dexter and sinister arm vested gules issuant from clouds argent maintaining in honor point a crown Or. A Vadkerti, a Pataki Nagy es a Szentgyorgyi Vincze 1415
 These examples are NOT deliberately selected, they are the first three plates in the book! I most cases Hungarian heraldry ignores the rule of color on color. Sable or dark-colored proper fields are very common, as are gules charges on dark fields. Then of course there is the infamous green mount which occurs less often than you might expect.
 2. Many charges in Hungarian heraldry issue from crowns, lines of division or bases. There are a remarkable number of "demi" creatures. In many cases this is because the charges on the shield duplicate the crest which in many cases is a demi-creature issuant from a crown. In other cases the creature emerges from the fess line of a per fess field division or a base.
 3. Most fields in Hungarian heraldry are azure or gules with a sprinkling of Or, argent and sable. Vert or purpure fields are never encountered. No field treatments other than barry or bendy are used. There seems to be no use of vair or ermine variant field treatements at all.
 4. Ordinaries are almost never used. When they occur they tend to be fesses or bends. Chevrons, palls, and palls do not appear. Field divisions tend to be per fess (quite common) or per bend (rarely). Bases are very common.
 5. Charges tend to be a single central charge. When multiple charges occur they are generally arranged around a large central charge. The arrangements "an X between two Ys" or "an A between in chief two mullets and in base a B" or "an A between in chief a mullet and an increscent and in base a B" are not uncommon. Any other arrangement is unusual.
 6. "Stylized" heraldic charges (maunches, water bourgets, millrinds, etc.) are almost never seen.
 7. Demi-beasts, arms couped at the shoulder (and possibly issuant from clouds), creatures arranged so as to "support" or "maintain" a central charge, and human figures occur much more frequently in Hungarian heraldry than in any other national style I have seen.
 8. Hungarian heraldry occasionally will use quite complex "picture heraldry", especially in the 16th and 17th centuries. For example:
 - Gules, on a base vert a representation of a Hungarian man passant vested azure armed proper statant upon the body of a turk fesswise vested gules turbaned argent proper and upon the base to sinister a column argent enfiled of a vine vert crowned Or. Szentmartoni, 1549. p. 149
 9. Animate charges maintaining objects are not uncommon. Animals are also likely to be pierced by arrows or vulned by swords.
 10. Hungarian heraldry is much more "bloody" than other heraldry. In addition to the various representations of Hungarians killing Turks from 1540 onwards, you also have severed Turks heads, animals pierced by arrows, disembodied arms, human figures brandishing weapons, or occasionally animals attacking other animals.
 11.. Occasionally, Hungarian heraldry will arrange charges in peculiar ways. For example there is a device where a dragon is in annulo and another where a ram is eating the plant which forms the primary charge.
Hungarian heraldry is difficult to blazon because of this. If you have an arm issuant from clouds statant upon a crown striking a turk's head it is difficult to know where to begin to blazon!
Hungarian heraldry is very different from the Anglo-Norman heraldry that most people on this newsgroup are familiar with. Many people will probably think of it as being "ugly" because of this. Heralds in the Society for Creative Anachronism will be outraged by it since it repeatedly defies all of the rules for submission of SCA heraldry. However, it is fascinating because it is so different. Once you get past the reaction of "who would want THAT on their arms!" you begin to see that Hungarian heraldry is, like Polish herby or German hausmarken a unique style and is worth study on its own terms.
National Heraldry Page | Search Heraldica | Heraldic Glossary | Contact
François Velde
Last modified: Feb 13, 2004


How to Remove Personally Identifiable Information (PII) from Google Analytics
November 14, 2019
In the face of increasing privacy regulations such as the GDPR, protecting the identity of your website's users has never been more important than it is today.
If you have Google Analytics set up on your site and believe there is a chance that PII data in the URL could be sent to Google, it is crucial for that information to be redacted. In addition to simply following best practices and the law, Google policy requires that marketers must restrict all PII from being passed to Google. The most common information includes email addresses, phone numbers, full names, usernames, passwords and zip codes.
This how-to post breaks down how marketers and data professionals can find and remove personally identifiable information from Google Analytics data.
How do you find PII data in your Google Analytics reports?
The simplest way to check for an email address is to navigate to "Behavior" > "Site Content" > "All Pages." Then add a filter using the ampersand signal @. This will show any pageviews that have common emails in them.
How to redact PII using Google Tag Manager
Follow the instructions below to learn how to use Google Tag Manager to redact PII from the URL before the data is sent to Google.
1. Create a custom JavaScript variable in GTM with the following code:
function() {
 return function(model) {
 // Add the PII patterns into this array as objects
 var piiRegex = [{
 name: 'EMAIL',
 regex: /[^\/][a-zA-Z0-9._-]+(@|%40)(?!yoursite\.com)[^\/]+[a-zA-Z0-9._-]/gi,
 group: '' },{
 name: 'SELF-EMAIL',
 regex: /[^\/][a-zA-Z0-9._-]+(@|%40)(?=yoursite\.com)[^\/]+[a-zA-Z0-9._-]/gi,
 group: '' },{
 name: 'TEL',
 regex: /((tel=)|(telephone=)|(phone=)|(mobile=)|(mob=))[\d\+\s][^&\/\?]+/gi,
 group: '$1' },{
 name: 'NAME',
 regex: /((firstname=)|(lastname=)|(surname=))[^&\/\?]+/gi,
 group: '$1' },{
 name: 'PASSWORD',
 regex: /((password=)|(passwd=)|(pass=))[^&\/\?]+/gi,
 group: '$1' },{
 name: 'ZIP',
 regex: /((postcode=)|(zipcode=)|(zip=))[^&\/\?]+/gi,
 group: '$1' }
 // Fetch reference to the original sendHitTask
 var originalSendTask = model.get('sendHitTask');
 var i, hitPayload, data, val;
 model.set('sendHitTask', function(sendModel) {
 hitPayload = model.get('hitPayload');
 // Let's convert the current querystring into a key,value object
 data = (hitPayload).replace(/(^\?)/,'').split("&").map(function(n){return n = n.split("="),this[n[0]] = n[1],this}.bind({}))[0];
 // We'll be looping thu all key and values now
 for(var key in data){
 // Let's have the value decoded before matching it against our array of regexes
 piiRegex.forEach(function(pii) {
 var val = decodeURIComponent(data[key]);
 // The value is matching?
 // Let's replace the key value based on the regex and let's reencode the value
 data[key] = encodeURIComponent(val.replace(pii.regex, + '[REDACTED'+ + ']'));
 // Going back to roots, convert our data object into a querystring again =)
 sendModel.set('hitPayload', Object.keys(data).map(function(key) { return (key) + '=' + (data[key]); }).join('&'), true);
 // Set the value
You can also get a copy of this code from Brian Clifton's blog article "Remove PII from Google Analytics." I made a few changes in the email and self-email regular expression so that the entire email address would be redacted instead of only the four characters before and after the @ symbol. You could also update the other regular expression to match the parameters you pass in your URL. For example, you may want to add the name parameter to the regex if your site uses the name parameter in your URL.
2. Update your Google Analytics setting to add a custom task to call the new variable you created from the previous step.
Once you have the GTM setting and variable in place, you can set up a "Site Content" report in Google Analytics to check on any URLs that contain redacted PII data by adding a page filter that matches the word "REDACTED." You can check the "Site Content" report to see if you are passing any PII data in your URLs and take action on your site to remove that data from the source.
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Our Visit to the Forest For Change
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text:
The students of biology of 4DBH through Erasmus+ project visited Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve. Students received a lot of explanations about the ecological richness of the ares . Not only did students learn about the diversity of Urdaibai but also the y were taught to respect all the natural living beings. With all the information they received, they will create murals and PowerPoints about this viist.
Video of the visit
Video prepared by students about Urdaibai frm the geological point of view
PowerPoint and Prezi of Urdaibai as a natural heritage
A big mural was placed at school