Adobe Product Representation Compact (PRC) Writer
Licensing options for this format begin with FME Desktop Professional Edition.
The Adobe Product Representation Compact (PRC) Writer allows FME write geometries to the Adobe PRC format.
FME supports PRC version 8137, as defined in the PRC Format Specification.
This format is a binary file consisting of various kinds of 3D data, including trees of 3D entities, tessellations and shared geometries.1
Writer Overview
The PRC writer accepts null, point, curve, area, surface, solid, raster, multi, and aggregate geometries. It also supports shared geometry definitions. Surface geometries must be single-sided and can have appearances, texture coordinates, and vertex normals. Text geometries are represented by their locations. Point cloud geometries are represented by their bounding cubes.
Raster geometries must have at least three bands with respective interpretation values of Red8, Green8, and Blue8. Bands with the interpretation Alpha8 are supported and optional. The only texture wrapping mode that is supported by the PRC Writer is repeat.
PRC does not support color or appearance inheritance for shared geometries. Therefore, each differently colored geometry definition creates a new geometry definition in the PRC file. Geometry instances that share the same color will share the same geometry definition.


Is "Result" a pre-defined variable inside the Scripts?
If I try to registry a new variable called "result" the Script returns a message saying that the identifier is repeated.
What's the mission of this variable a what is his type?
it's the result of the method. It matches the result type.
I understand "the result of the script", True?.
Can I set the result type of this "result"?
No it's the result of a function. it's a reserved identifier.


text:
A Biological Sensor for Detecting Foreign Bodies Using a Balloon Probe
For effective medical treatment, sensors that can find foreign bodies such as tumors in early stage are required. This paper describes a new sensor for foreign body detection utilizing the fact that the property hardness of foreign bodies differs from that of normal tissues. It consists of a balloon probe, which is constructed with a thin rubber membrane inflated with compressed air, and an optical deformation analyzing system. Experiments are carried out using samples in which single hard balls are embedded to model single tumor in soft tissue. It was confirmed that this sensor can detect the existence of the hard ball and can also distinguish the inequality of size and hardness of the ball. Furthermore, experimental results detecting multi-objects showed that this sensor has the ability to detect the existence of multi objects and their relative positions simultaneously. By measuring the consistence of the arm and the abdomen of human body, it is proved that the sensor is also suitable for consistence measurement of human anatomy.
Yongsheng Gao, Shuetfung Tse and Wei Gao
H. Shimizu et al., "A Biological Sensor for Detecting Foreign Bodies Using a Balloon Probe", Key Engineering Materials, Vols. 295-296, pp. 133-138, 2005

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
The iconic Fort Hill Tower overlooks Roxbury from the top of historic Highland Park, the location of a strategic fort during the American Revolution. Originally designed in 1869 by Nathaniel Bradlee and called the Cochituate Standpipe, the Gothic Revival style tower stored water from Lake Cochituate in Natick for local residents. Soon obsolete as a water tower when Roxbury was annexed by Boston, the structure and grounds fell into disrepair. Between 1895 and 1916 the firm of Olmsted, Olmsted, and Eliot made improvements to the property, including the addition of an exterior viewing balcony and the reconstruction of the quadrangular shape of the original fort.
In 2013, an extensive restoration effort was undertaken by the City of Boston. Russo Barr Associates, architects, and Building Conservation Associates paid special attention to historically appropriate methods and materials. This included the removal of paint and the restoration of period-appropriate mineral coatings, replacement of window glazing, and repairs to the cast iron staircase, metal roof, and arched wood windows. With exceptional attention to detail, the project team not only restored a unique, irreplaceable historic structure but also preserved a place essential to the collective memory of a Boston neighborhood.
"Today, water towers are typically utilitarian structures with little adornment," said Greg Galer, Executive Director of the Boston Preservation Alliance. "In previous generations, however, communities took a higher level of pride in their infrastructure and believed these measures of societal success should be celebrated. The Alliance is thrilled that the City of Boston brought this piece of historic civic pride into the present by meticulously restoring the often overlooked Fort Hill Tower, an 1869 Gothic-Revival tower built to celebrate the Cochichuate Standpipe, then an integral part of Roxbury's water supply system. The restored tower brings a sense of pride and connectedness to our collective past in this neighborhood."

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Top 5 Reasons to Choose Popular Piercings
Navel piercingThere are some very popular piercing types that many people choose for themselves. Piercings such as earlobe, navel, eyebrow, tongue, nostril or labret piercings are among the most common body piercings in the world.
Since they are so popular, it means that there are always many people who have the same piercing. It may make these piercings more ordinary and less unique than some other piercing types.
However, common piercings have some important advantages so there are many reasons to choose popular piercings for yourself.
Here are some of the most important reasons to choose popular piercings:
 1. Experienced Piercers
If a piercing is popular, then it means there are many piercers who know how to perform it and who have at least some experience with this piercing type. Remember, you should not look for a … read more


Trustable Communication Between Mathematics Systems
Jacques Carette, William M. Farmer, Jérémie Wajs
This paper presents a rigorous, unified framework for facilitating communication between mathematics systems. A mathematics system is given one or more interfaces which offer deductive and computational services to other mathematics systems. To achieve communication between systems, a client interface is linked to a server interface by an asymmetric connection consisting of a pair of translations. Answers to requests are trustable in the sense that they are correct provided a small set of prescribed conditions are satisfied. The framework is robust with respect to interface extension and can process requests for abstract services, where the server interface is not fully specified.


text:
Exploiting Web Search Engines to Search Structured Databases is a Microsoft paper about the integration of verticals in Web search results. The key idea is that each vertical is a-priori associated with a list of relevant entitites. When a user submit a query, those entities are extracted by the search results snippets. In this way, the query itself is implicitely expanded with vertical related entities found in search results (note that similar idea, has been investigated by Yahoo in a paper for adversiting).
The paper discusses many off-line pre-processing techniques for extracting entities before query time. A mixed approach based on trie pattern-matching and svm classification is proposed. Extracted entities are then ranked by taking into account proximity, frequency count and relevance of documents. For a given query, a vertical result is then triggered when 'good enough' entities are retrieved. A case study based on product search vertical and Microsoft Live search is discussed. Entities are extracted from Wikipedia, Trec QA, and IMDB.
The approach is quite effective and the performances are pretty good. Anyway, it can show some limits of real time verticals (such as Twitter or News) where entities are not known a priori.


text:
Library will offer geneology class
You can learn to search for your family history at 6 p.m. Oct. 29 at the North Davidson Public Library.
A genealogy workshop will be presented by Tonya Hensley, genealogist and historian for the Davidson County Public Library System.
Learn how to start your research, find sources and records, use printed and electronic resources, use genetic genealogy and how to organize your information.
The program is free and open to the public, but space is limited and registration is required. Register at the library or by calling _PHONE_.


text:
Temperate Deciduous Forest
An Amazing Ecosystem
Deciduous forests can be found in the eastern half of North America, and the middle of Europe. There are many deciduous forests in Asia. Some of the major areas that they are in are southwest Russia, Japan, and eastern China. South America has two big areas of deciduous forests in southern Chile and Middle East coast of Paraguay. There are deciduous forests located in New Zealand, and southeastern Australia also.
One thing that is interesting about this biome and its climate is that it has four distinct seasons; spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Most deciduous forests have mild summers averaging about 70 °F. Summer months usually begin in early June and end in late August. Winter months don't begin until December. Winter temperatures are fairly cool with an average temperature of a little below freezing. Almost all of the world's deciduous forest is located by an ocean. The ocean and the wind are two big factors of why the temperature and climate change so much in this biome.


Accordion Plus
The Accordion Plus snippet is used to hide information under a heading. When clicked, the box expands to display the full text. This allows for more information to be put on a page without overwhelming the reader. The Accordion Plus snippet uses an plus sign to indicate that more content lies below the heading.
How to Create an Accordion Plus
 1. Place the cursor on your page where you want the Accordion Plus snippet.
 2. Click on the Snippet icon in your tool bar (it looks like a puzzle piece), then choose Accordion Plus.
 3. Edit the Accordion Plus as needed. In Edit mode, the Accordion Plus is shown as two boxes. The top box contains bold text and is the text that will be shown when the accordion is not expanded. Below that is a larger box with more text. This text will only be shown when the arrow is clicked on.
Your content goes here. Bold text. Italic text. Link


RenaLink Author Guidelines
Educational Stipend Award Recipient
Recipients of the National Kidney Foundation Council on Renal Nutrition (NKF-CRN) Educational Stipend award are expected to write a summary of a session they attended and submit an article that may be selected to appear in RenaLink or on the CRN website .
Stipend awardees may select any session attended but we ask that you consider choosing a session that was of special interest and you found especially pertinent to current clinical practice or addressed other significant issues such as scope of practice or evidence based review. The content of the article should serve to inform other dietitians who were unable to attend the Clinical Meetings.
The article should be prepared and submitted as follows:
 1. State the title of the session, the presenter and your name as author followed by your contact information at the heading of the article as follows:
 Presentation Title: Malnutrition, Inflammation and Serum Albumin
 Presenter: Sally Smith, MS, RD, CSR
 Author: Jane Jones, RD, CSR
 _EMAIL_
 _PHONE_
 It is not necessary to state the day and time of the session or the presenter's contact information.
 2. Use double spacing with 12 pt. type, preferably New Times Roman, throughout the article.
 3. Indent at the beginning of each new paragraph.
 4. The length of the article should not exceed 350 words.
 5. The completed article should be submitted electronically to the RenaLink CRN Editor by May 20, 2014.


text:
Volunteering Australia has provided a submission to the Independent Review of the Australian Public Service Australian Government.
In this submission, Volunteering Australia highlights four main areas for improvement for the Australian Public Service:
- A strengthened focus on whole of government approaches and cross-sectoral collaboration;
- Recognition of volunteering by the APS;
- The adoption of Volunteering Australia's definition of volunteering across all government departments; and
- Increased transparency in government tender processes.


Using AI to spot causative relationships in overlapping medical datasets
Credit: CC0 Public Domain
A combined team of researchers from Babylon Health and University College has created an algorithm that they claim can find causal relationships among information in overlapping medical datasets. They have written a paper describing their algorithm and have uploaded it to the arXiv preprint server. They will also be giving a presentation describing their research at this year's Association for Advancement of Artificial Intelligence meeting.
Finding a systematic way to sift through data to find the cause of a given condition in a single sick person is a major challenge in AI research. If a patient has been sneezing more than normal lately, is it because an allergen has been introduced into their environment? Or have they caught a cold? Worse, maybe they have a in their sinuses or brain. The for seeking the right answer in such scenarios is human-based. Doctors ask questions and search their memory for answers. If they are unable to find one, they may consult with other doctors or study medical textbooks or online databases.
This system has its merits, of course, it being the best available. But it also has drawbacks—it is limited by human memory and resourcefulness. Many believe there is a better way—let a computer do it. This is not currently possible, but scientists are working on it. In this new effort, the researchers have introduced a system with an that analyzes data from disparate, overlapping datasets and finds causal relationships.
The algorithm is based on the concept of entropy, in which any system becomes more disordered over time. The researchers propose that entropy exists with information in datasets, as well, and that causal forces are more ordered than the data that describes the outcome of their effects. That being the case, it should be possible to work backward to find the cause—and that is just what their algorithm does.
The system was able to correctly assess the size and texture of breast cancer tumors when comparing datasets in which the causal relationships were already known—it determined that they did not have a, but both were an indicator of whether a tumor was benign or malignant.
Explore further
Algorithm turns cancer gene discovery on its head
More information: Anish Dhir, Ciarán M. Lee. Integrating overlapping datasets using bivariate causal discovery. arXiv:1910.11356v2 [stat.ML]: _URL_.11356
© 2020 Science X Network
Citation: Using AI to spot causative relationships in overlapping medical datasets (2020, February 7) retrieved 5 August 2021 from _URL_
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User comments


text:
Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture (CRIDA)
The Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture (CRIDA) carries out problem-oriented, multi-disciplinary research on India's natural resources, with a focus on conservation and efficient, sustainable exploitation.
CRIDA's contributions include strategies for agricultural drought management in dry-land areas, and the development of soil and rainwater management technologies, integrated watershed management technologies, integrated nutrient management strategies, and low-cost labour and energy-saving implements.
The organisation also functions as a training and consultancy centre on a wide variety of issues such as watershed development projects, dry-land agriculture and horticulture, soil and water conservation works, and agroforestry. Additionally, it offers research and contract services including the provision of soil and water samples, and resource maps.
The mission of CRIDA is to meet the national expectation during 21st Century, CRIDA is rededicating itself for :
-Conservation, efficient utilization, and enhancement of the quality of natural resources to achieve sustainability,
-Reducing risks associated with uncertain rainfall,
-Increasing productivity for food and nutrition security,
-Diversifying land use for additional employment opportunities, and
-Assured socio-economic growth of the farmers in drylands.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Richmond's Crimson Tide--Pump Upgrade Keeps Cranberries Growing
The City of Richmond is Canada's largest cranberry growing area. Water levels have to be strategically controlled for harvesting, yet these areas also protected from flooding.
|Seeing red: cranberries are the single largest crop grown in the City of Richmond and the fields are flooded during the harvesting period|
The City of Richmond is Canada's largest cranberry growing area. Water levels have to be strategically controlled for harvesting, yet these areas also protected from flooding. Operating behind the scenes are 41 pumping station, providing a total pumping capacity of 85 m3/second. A further $50 million investment is anticipated over the next five years.
By Bryan Orchard
The City of Richmond, British Columbia, Canada occupies 129.66 sq.km over 15 islands in the Fraser River delta. With a natural average elevation of 1.0 metres above mean sea level, flooding has long been a major concern.
The largest and most densely populated of the islands is Lulu Island, followed by Sea Island, home to Vancouver International Airport. Over the years many areas of the City have been raised out of the flood plain through land development land improvements. Through a continuing programme of dike construction and the installation of pumping stations, Richmond's efforts have prevented significant flooding in the community for over 60 years.
The challenge that faces the City of Richmond is rather unusual with occupancy and use being split between residential/commercial and agricultural activities. It is Canada's largest cranberry growing area and at harvest time in the Fall the fields have to be flooded. However, at the same time it is necessary to keep water levels down in the drainage channels so that other parts of the island do not flood. It is a delicate balancing act that combines irrigation, drainage and flood control.
"The City of Richmond and its funding partners have spent $45 million since 2008 on flood protection measurements and an additional $50 million investment over the next five years is being recommended," reports Romeo Bicego, manager, sewerage and drainage engineering and public works.
"Over the past five years, 4.4 kilometres of dikes have been or are scheduled to be raised to between 4.0 and 4.7 metres above average sea level, exceeding current provincial requirements. Also, 10 drainage pump stations have been rebuilt to improve capacity. The City secured funding to help offset its investment in these projects and spent $9.9 million on drainage and dike improvements throughout 2014."
Pumping station investment
The City of Richmond operates 41 pumping stations, providing a total pumping capacity of 85 m3/sec, and currently there is a programme of new build and reinvestment being undertaken, with KSB's submersible pumps being the preferred equipment.
Maintenance is high on the Engineering and Public Works' agenda as it is far more cost effective to invest in maintenance than replace products.
"We spend considerable effort on maintaining our pumping stations and there is a staff of 18 dedicated to checking that the stations are clean, odours are controlled and intake screens are free of debris," he comments. "The last thing we want is for the pumps just to be cycling water. Through previous storm events we know that we can experience 30-50mm of rain, so we need to ensure that screens are free of blockages ahead of predicted storms."
Located at strategic intervals around the island, the pumping stations are called into service as and when required, and all are fitted with flood gates and flood boxes. However, during the winter months, the pumping stations are called into to action much more frequently.
Groundwater levels can be very high during the winter and this is exacerbated when there is heavy rainfall and tides are high. At high tides, the pumps transfer drainage water into the Fraser River Delta and at low tide drainage water discharges through the flood boxes via gravity outflow gates.
One of the other main aspects that have to be taken into account is the possibility of power outages. The city's goal is to have all the stations equipped with stand-alone generators. Currently there are 11 on site generators and 10 portable sets.
In order for the new and refurbished pumping stations to have the minimum visual impact on the environment, Richmond gives a great deal of thought into their design and construction. This policy has been rewarded. The Cambie Pumping station, located in a light industrial area close to a residential development on the Fraser River, won a design award.
|Easy does it: the Amacan P series pump has a maximum flow capacity of up to 7 m3/sec|
Having a vegetation- covered roof to blend in with the environment, the station is built into the dike affording walkers a rest and comfort stop facility along the river. Not content with this, there is an impressive sculpture by the pump house designed to resemble a droplet of water. Elsewhere, the No 4 Road pumping station is located in a former industrial area that is currently going through a residential transition. Converted from a long shaft pump station, the design has incorporated aspects of the old station, together with the crane lifting frame which now acts as a viewing platform.
The walls of the pump house depict historical scenes of the lumber business along the Fraser River and the standby power generation plant is visible though clear glass walls. By deliberately making the pumping station both visually attractive, practical and a community amenity, vandalism is deterred.
Consideration is also given to the outflow from the pumping stations. As large volumes of water can lead to the erosion of river banks, creeks and beaches, spillways are designed to minimise impact where this is a problem.
Designed for a one in ten year rainstorm the pumping stations are all monitored remotely 24-hours a day using SCADA to ensure the pumps are operating effectively. This provides additional capacity to hold the surplus drainage water resulting from a storm. While risk profiles with climate change and sea level rise are changing slowly, the City's flood protection improvements are moving faster and the overall level of safety keeps improving.
|Award-winning: the Cambie Road pumping station, including a vegetation covered roof|
"We are constantly looking at sea levels and dike heights and where development is taking place we work with developers to raise the height of dikes. This can involve advising them on the height of the foundations and ensures that the properties are built into the dikes," continues Bicego.
Beginning in 2015, City staff will propose another $50 million to be spent over the next five years. This will target five pump station rebuilds, 10 drainage upgrades and $7 million worth of dike upgrades. The City will continue to aggressively pursue funding from senior levels of government and other partners to support these projects. New development along the City's waterfront is also contributing to improving Richmond's dikes.
|Integrated with nature: the spillway at Williams Road drainage pumping station|
The new build programme is delivering one new station a year and KSB Canada is involved in working with the project engineers in the design of the water intake and the tubes. Nine of the stations already completed use KSB submersible pumps, and in total 28 pumps have already been commissioned, these being twenty-four 127hp and four 37hp units.
Romeo says: "There is a high iron content in the water, but this has not proved to be a problem for these pumps. We like to keep one pump in our workshops as a standby and we do maintain comprehensive stocks of spares."
|Stepping up: Romeo Bicego and Derek Hunter at No 4 Road pumping station|
The Amacan P is a close-coupled, wet-installed single entry axial open impeller pump where the impeller is located in a tubular casing immersed in the water. Explosion protected to ATEX II G2 T3, the pump has a maximum flow capacity of up to 7 m3/sec and a maximum head of 12m.
Low vibration hydraulics and a vortex-free flow due to the inlet ribs and wide bellmouth ensure that the pump is hydraulically optimised. Operating efficiency is provided by the slim motor that minimises discharge tube flow losses.
When it comes down to specifying pumps, Bicego emphasises the importance of standardisation.
"By standardising on a single type of submersible pump, we have been able to focus our product training and knowledge on this pump, which makes maintenance far more cost effective."
The City is also developing a long-term Dike Master Plan. Phase one of the plan has been completed and it further proposes an innovative solution to move the outer perimeter of the City's southwest dike onto unoccupied Steveston Island.
"This will provide both enhanced flood protection and lessen dredging requirements in Steveston Harbour, Canada's largest commercial fishing harbour, while preserving heritage and other structures built on the existing dike," says Bicego.
In addition, a number of other dike and drainage projects and works to provide flood protection are to be undertaken. These will address new provincial seismic standards, support the viability of Richmond's agriculture and marine industries and address environmental concerns, such as the erosion of Sturgeon Banks and rainwater management.
Bryan Orchard is freelance contributor specialising in pumps and provided this article on behalf of KSB. Email: _EMAIL_
More Water & WasteWater International Archives Issue Articles


Inversion of Sucrose; Kinetics of a Pseudo-First
Inversion of Sucrose; Kinetics of a Pseudo-First
INVERSION OF SUCROSE; KINETICS OF A PSEUDO-FIRST
ORDER REACTION DETERMINED BY POLARIMETRY
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Dr. Herman
Nov. 6, 1996
Bonnie Jenkins
Jennifer Williams
Abstract
This is a simple experiment that demonstrates the decomposition of sucrose by dissolving sucrose in hydrochloric acid. The products formed are optically active and their optical rotation can be determined by use of a polarimeter. This first order reaction follows a differential equation.
Introduction
The hydrolysis of sucrose can be considered a pseudo-first order reaction, in which the rate of change at any time is proportional to the concentration of sucrose. The rate of the reaction can be determined by the following equation,
(1)
Integration of equation (1),
, (2)
t, (3)
and therefore,
, (4)
where a is the initial concentration at time t, (a-x) equals the sucrose concentration, and k equals the fractional number of molecules decomposing per unit time.
The reaction rate constant k is calculated using the following equation:
, (5)
where (0) is the initial rotation of pure sucrose, (is the rotation at time (infinite time is the time when the reaction has gone to completion)and (t) is the rotation at some specific time t.
The k value is then used in the following equation to determine the concentration of sucrose at any given time,
, (6)
where c(t) is the calculated concentration for any given time t.
Equipment and Supplies
Hydrochloric acid (4 and 6 Molar), Sucrose, Sodium lamp, Polarimeter, Jacketed polarimeter tube, Volumetric flasks (100 mL), Graduated cylinders (25 mL), Constant temperature bath, Deionized H2O.
Procedure
The sodium lamp should be turned on at the beginning of the lab and positioned on the lab bench. The lamp takes 20-30 minutes to warm up, so this should be done first. Turn on the water bath and adjust the temperature appropriately, connecting a hose from the outlet of the constant temperature bath to one end of the jacketed polarimeter tube. Connect another hose to the other end of the tube so that the flow of the water can return to the constant temperature bath. A 100mL solution of 4 M HCl should be prepared. Place the flask in the constant temperature bath, securing it with a clamp and ring stand. A 100mL solution of 0.200 g/mL sucrose should be prepared. Place the flask in the constant temperature bath, securing it with a clamp and ring stand.
After the apparatus has had time to equilibrate, rinse the polarimeter tube first with deionized water, then with the sucrose solution. Fill the polarimeter tube with the sucrose solution and take an initial reading on the polarimeter. This will be taken as time = 0. Again, rinse the polarimeter tube with deionized water.
Remove the two flasks containing the 4M HCl and the sucrose solution from the constant temperature bath. Separately measure 25mL of each solution into two 50mL graduated cylinders. Mix the solutions in the graduated cylinders, at the same time starting the stopwatch. Mix the solution three or four times, then rinse the polarimeter tube with the mixture. Fill the polarimeter tube with the mixture, being sure to clear all bubbles from the tube. This can be done by slowly tilting the tube back and forth until all the bubbles float out.
Begin taking time readings after ten minutes for the 4 M solution, and continue taking readings every 10 minutes for 30 minutes. After 30 minutes begin taking 5 minute intervals readings as long as time permits. Begin taking readings for the 6M solution after 5 minutes and continue taking readings in 5 minute intervals as long as time permits. Leave the solution in the polarimeter at the end of lab and the final reading will be at time infinity, which should be approximately two days following the experiment.
Data
Pure Sucrose (20g --> 100mL H2O)= 0.56497mol/L or M
4M HCl
Time (Min) / Rotation ( / Concentration of sucrose
(M) / log (C1-C2) (M) / Rate of Reaction (1/min)
10 / 8.00 / 0.36 / -0.88 / -0.01
20 / 4.51 / 0.23 / -1.08 / -0.01
30 / 2.42 / 0.15 / -1.53 / -0.02
35 / 1.76 / 0.12 / -1.63 / -0.02
40 / 0.56 / 0.094 / -1.72 / -0.02
45 / -0.08 / 0.075 / -1.82 / -0.02
50 / -0.68 / 0.060 / -1.92 / -0.02
55 / -0.92 / 0.048 / -2.02 / -0.02
60 / -1.44 / 0.038 / -2.11 / -0.02
65 / -1.52 / 0.031 / -2.21 / -0.02
70 / -1.58 / 0.025 / -2.31 / -0.02
75 / -2.06 / 0.020 / -2.40 / -0.02
80 / -2.88 / 0.016 / -2.50 / -0.02
85 / -2.84 / 0.013 / -2.60 / -0.02
90 / -2.96 / 0.010 / -2.70 / -0.02
95 / -3.18 / 0.0080 / -2.79 / -0.02
100 / -3.18 / 0.0064 / -2.19 / -0.03
 / -3.92 / 0 / -0.03
6M HCl
Time(Min) / Rotation ( / Concentration of sucrose
(M) / log (C1-C2) (M) / Rate of Reaction (1/min)
5 / 5.60 / 0.37 / -0.89 / -0.02
10 / 2.48 / 0.24 / -1.08 / -0.03
15 / -0.02 / 0.16 / -1.26 / -0.04
20 / -1.36 / 0.10 / -1.45 / -0.04
25 / -2.22 / 0.066 / -1.64 / -0.04
30 / -2.36 / 0.043 / -1.82 / -0.04
35 / -2.80 / 0.028 / -2.01 / -0.05
40 / -3.33 / 0.018 / -2.19 / -0.05
45 / -3.52 / 0.012 / -2.38 / -0.05
50 / -3.54 / 0.008 / -2.57 / -0.05
55 / -3.74 / 0.005 / -2.75 / -0.05
60 / -3.98 / 0.0033 / -2.94 / -0.05
65 / -3.96 / 0.0022 / -3.12 / -0.05
70 / -4.02 / 0.0014 / -3.31 / -0.05
75 / -3.98 / 0.00091 / -3.50 / -0.05
80 / -3.86 / 0.00060 / -0.05
 / -3.96 / 0 / -0.05
Calculations
The following k values used to determine the rate of reaction where calculated using equation (5). The k value calculations are shown below.
4M HCl @ 50 min.
k=2.303/50 min*log((26.56+3.92)/(-0.68+3.92))
k=0.04606*log(30.48/3.24)=0.044838026 1/min
6M HCl @ 50 min.
k=2.303/50min*log((26.56+3.96)/(-3.54+3.96))
k=0.04606*log(30.52/0.42)=0.085695874 1/min
C=Coe-kt
C1=Coe-kt
C2=Coe-k(t+t)
C1-C2=C0e-kt(1-e-kt)
log (C1-C2)=-kt/2.303 +log [Co(1-e-kt)]
This is why the slope of the plot, log(C1-C2) vs. Time is -k/2.303.
=ac+b
C1-C2=(1-2)/a
log(1-2)=-kt/2.303+log[a Co(1-e-kt)]
Discussion
The concentration of sucrose as it decomposes over time was determined experimentally by using the first order rate equation as given in the introduction. It was determined that sucrose does indeed decomp


Assessment 1 Instructions: Capstone Project Summary
Review Attachments
Create a 2-3 page guile abridgment that describes your separated structure, a interest amount or convenience, the peel of axioms you allure want, and how your theme sanctions you to present the MBA program remainders.
This way revolves about the myth of a one, momentous capstone guile. In other opinion, a guile that caps off your literature and your program, sanctioning you to present the competencies of example and collaboration, divine and evidence-based sentence making, and innovative and strategic apprehending. For your capstone, you allure adopt a genuine guild and excite it in a way that presents your intellect of the MBA program remainders. You allure depend your separation of that guild into a written communication after a occasion recommendations and a correct delivery for your purposed assembly.
Having a valid, doable object is an grave separate of creating a auspicious capstone guile, and the just object is up to you. To succor you substantiate a genuineistic object, you allure begin after a occasion the guile abridgment. Be scrupulous to ponder the scalforce of your guile object, ensuring that it presents your force to transfer in a interest environment and showcases your victory of all MBA program remainders.
A object that is unwell defined:
 - I absence to transcribe a public separation of the bookseller, Barnes & Noble.
 - This theme is too comprehensive, and it would probably require hundreds of pages to oration all of the practicable analyses.
A object that is rectify defined:
 - I absence to standpoint on how Barnes & Noble has contrived to outlast the Internet age occasion Borders has crumbled.
 - What makes this a rectify object? The object is rooted in a amount (such as how to outlast Internet race) or convenience (such as the area scant a interest that you guile to notorious), which sanctions you to standpoint the separation.
 - It must too sanction for you to excite and hint evidence-based recommendations, takeaways, or actionable proximate steps as the crux of your guile.
 - Read the MBA Capstone Guile Description [PDF].
Assessment Description
For this toll, present the structure you accept separated to learning, why you chose it, and how it allure sanction you to present all of the MBA program remainders.
Write a 2–3 page article, in an academic congeniality mode, that details the theme and object of your capstone guile. Your guile abridgment should be disentangled and terse yet powerful ample for faculty to agree feedback and control. Your guile abridgment should be well organized and involve the aftercited sections:
 - Describe the contrast of your separated structure.
 - Provide a mean contrast of your separated structure. For point, argue its fruit lines, reckon of years in interest, structure structure, precipitation, et cetera.
 - If you adopt an structure for which you exertion, your induction must involve a announcement that you accepted leave to use the guild from a director.
 - Describe a interest theme, amount, or convenience that you hint to learning.
 - Describe the amount or convenience you see that makes this guild a good-natured-natured cherished.
 - Explain the object of your guile by disentangledly identifying the themes or areas you hint to learning.
 - Explain the flatten of pathibility to axioms inevitable to study the separated interest theme, amount, or convenience.
 - Address how you allure go about obtaining the axioms.
 - Identify any peculiar requirements that you jurisdiction want to coalesce to path the axioms you allure want.
 - Explain risks you apprehend allure be encountered and the disappearance guile to contrive those risks.
 - Explain how your theme allure sanction you to showcase your example force by demonstrating each MBA program remainder.
 - List out each program remainder disentangledly, and then illustrate in 3–4 sentences how your theme allure sanction you to present each. The MBA program remainders are listed in the MBA Capstone Guile Description.
 - Identify local items of your guile abridgment that you believe presents the remainder.
 - Wrap up your article after a occasion a disentangled, terse misrecord that summarizes your guile. Just a foreigner sentences is finished.
Your guile abridgment should accept these sections:
 - Introduction.
 - Statement of object.
 - Demonstration of remainders.
 - Conclusion.
Review Attachments


text:
Elf: A small being with magic powers or a supernatural being or mischievous creature. The word comes from aelfnoth, which means 'elf-courage'. Elves were originally thought of as shining, radiant, beings of light.
Emblem: Symbol that represents something used as a distinctive badge.
Enchant: Put someone under a magic spell or make someone delighted.
Energy: In myths the main use of the term energy is as a force or power or electrical charge.
Entity: A thing that has an existence, often in myths the word is used as a way of referring to a spirit or unknown supernatural being.
Era: A period of history.
Excavate: Make hollow or extract by digging.
Exorcise: Expel an evil spirit from a person or place.


text:
GIFTS is an ambitious project targeting early life programming as an opportunity for the prevention of diabetes and obesity in people of South Asian origin.
GIFTS will enhance diabetes prevention strategies and understanding in this field by:
- Improving understanding of the nutritional and lifestyle factors affecting early life programming
- Elucidating the role of genomics in the development of diabetes
- Modification of diabetes prevention education by incorporation of results and learning generated by GIFTS into the curriculum
To find out more about GIFTS please click here.


text:
In order to elucidate the overall relationships between gene expressions and genetic perturbations, we propose a network inference method to infer gene regulatory network where single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is involved as a regulator of genes. In the most of the network inferences named as SNP-gene regulatory network (SGRN) inference, pairs of SNP-gene are given by separately performing expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) mappings. In this paper, we propose a SGRN inference method without predefined eQTL information assuming a gene is regulated by a single SNP at most. To evaluate the performance, the proposed method was applied to random data generated from synthetic networks and parameters. There are three main contributions. First, the proposed method provides both the gene regulatory inference and the eQTL identification. Second, the experimental results demonstrated that integration of multiple methods can produce competitive performances. Lastly, the proposed method was also applied to psychiatric disorder data in order to explore how the method works with real data.
Kim, D.-C., Wang, J., Liu, C., & Gao, J. (2014). Inference of SNP-Gene Regulatory Networks by Integrating Gene Expressions and Genetic Perturbations. BioMed Research International, 2014, 629697. _URL_
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
BioMed Research International


text: The Troodos Mountains and the unspoiled Akamas Peninsula are particularly noted for their endemic plants. Cyprus is well known for its orchids – being home to 45 species one of which is the endemic Kotschy's bee orchid. Other exquisite varieties are the Troodos Anatolian orchid, the giant orchid and the woodcock orchid. The best time to admire wild flowers is in early spring and late autumn. Worth looking out for is the white and yellow Cyprus crocus, the dark red Cyprus tulip, the three-coloured chamomile and the cotton thistle.The island's national plant is the Cyprus cyclamen, an endemic plant that flowers from September to January. The national tree is the golden oak that takes its name from the golden colour of its leaves. Also endemic to Cyprus, it is found in the Troodos mountain range and flowers from April to May. The fruits ripen from November to December. The forests are also graced with pine, cypress and cedar. Olive and carob trees grow widely, while deciduous fruit trees and nuts are grown in the mountains.


text:
Background: This study's purpose was to assess patient-based functional outcomes following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of displaced scapular body and glenoid neck fractures. This series represents a 9-year experience at a level-I trauma center and referral destination for this injury.
Methods: A database was established to record surgical and functional outcomes of scapular fractures treated with ORIF. For this report, the cases of all patients who had a glenoid neck or scapular body fracture (AO/OTA 14-A3 or 14-C1) without intra-articular involvement were reviewed. Operative indications included medial/lateral displacement of ≥20 mm, angulation of ≥45°, medial/lateral displacement of ≥15 mm with angulation of ≥30°, double disruptions of the superior shoulder suspensory complex with both displaced ≥10 mm, a glenopolar angle of ≤22°, and an open fracture. The results of clinical testing, including measurements of range of motion and strength and scores on the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) and Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaires, were recorded at each follow-up appointment.
Results: Between 2002 and 2011, 61 patients with an extra-articular scapular fracture were treated surgically within 20 days after the injury; 19 patients (31%) had ≥2 operative indications. Of the 61 patients, 49 (80%) were followed for ≥1 year (mean, 33 months; range, 12 to 138 months) following surgery. There was a 100% union rate at the time of final follow-up, with a mean DASH score of 12.1 points (range, 0 to 54 points). For all parameters, the mean SF-36 scores of the study patients were comparable with normative population scores. The range of motion of the operatively treated and contralateral shoulders averaged, respectively, 154° and 159° of forward flexion, 106° and 108° of abduction, and 66° and 70° of external rotation. The strength of the operatively treated and contralateral shoulders averaged, respectively, 20 and 23 lb (89.0 and 102.3 N) of force in forward flexion, 14 and 16 lb (62.3 and 71.2 N) in abduction, and 19 and 23 lb (84.5 and 102.3 N) in external rotation. Complications and/or secondary surgery were recorded for 8 patients (16%).
Conclusions: Displaced scapular body and glenoid neck fractures that meet current published standards for ORIF can be treated operatively with predictably good functional outcomes.
Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Investigation performed at the Division of Orthopaedic Trauma, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Regions Hospital, St. Paul, Minnesota
Disclosure: Research grant funding for this study was provided by Synthes, Inc., but Synthes did not play a role in this investigation with regard to patient management, data analysis, or manuscript preparation. On the Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest forms, which are provided with the online version of the article, one or more of the authors checked "yes" to indicate that the author had a relevant financial relationship in the biomedical arena outside the submitted work.
- Copyright © 2016 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Incorporated
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Who Invented What When 1st edition
Who Invented What When 0 9781741104882 _PHONE_
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Who Invented What When: Who Invented What When recounts the 500-year saga of innovation that has shaped the world we live in, from the first pocket watch to the latest nanotechnology. Arranged chronologically, each new invention is placed in its historical context and provides insight into the inventor?s life and motivation as well as the difference their invention has made.
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Hi. I wonder why this doesn't work.
I expected to see ch1 and ch3 are numbers but it shows they are operators....
How can I make this work?
_TAG_
using namespace std;
void isItNumber( char *ch )
 if( strcmp( ch, "*" ) || strcmp( ch, "/" ) || strcmp( ch, "%" ) || strcmp( ch, "+" ) || strcmp( ch, "-" ) )
 cout << "ch is an operator\n" << flush;
 cout << "ch is a number\n" << flush;
int main()
 char *ch1 = "123", *ch2 = "*", *ch3 = "-123", *ch4 = "-";
 cout << ch1 << " " << ch2 << " " << ch3 << " " << ch4 << endl;
 isItNumber( ch1 );
 isItNumber( ch2 );
 isItNumber( ch3 );
 isItNumber( ch4 );
 return 0;
3 Years
Discussion Span
Last Post by Schol-R-LEA
The strcmp function returns 0 when the strings are the same, i.e., you should do:
if( ( strcmp( ch, "*" ) == 0 ) ||
 ( strcmp( ch, "/" ) == 0 ) ||
 ( strcmp( ch, "%" ) == 0 ) ||
 ( strcmp( ch, "+" ) == 0 ) ||
 ( strcmp( ch, "-" ) == 0 ) )
The reason for this is that strcmp can also be used to alphabetically sort strings (it returns a negative number if alphabetically "less-than", and vice versa).
oh, the strcmp condition is wrong..
you can write
if( strcmp( ch, "*" )==0 || strcmp( ch, "/" )==0 || strcmp( ch, "%" )==0 || strcmp( ch, "+" )==0 || strcmp( ch, "-" )==0 )
so, you have strcmp(op1, op2) if is ==0 that means op1 and op2 is equal
This program is clearly intended to test the function, but it would be helpful to know the overall goal, that is, what the program this test is intended to prepare for is supposed to do. Is this a parsing project for a compiler course, by any chance? It has the feel of the 'convert infix to prefix and compute on the stack' project typically given around week two or three in such courses.
Two questions come to mind: one, is there a reason you are testing a whole string against single characters, and two, is there a reason you cannot use the C++ string class rather than C-strings?
If my guess about the purpose of this is correct, I would advise against testing for the operator as a string and instead tokenize the string character-by-character instead. Trying to read the source string in as a whole and comparing it to the operators will fail for a number of kinds of legitimate input, such as:
"2*6" // no separation between the tokens
"1 * 6" // extra whitespace in the token
What you would want to do is read the characters one at a time, and if the character is a number (you can use isdigit() for that), you collect the characters until you find one that isn't a number. You can do similarly for variable names, if you are supporting them in your calculator; use isalpha() to tes tthe first character, then if it is an identifier, collect anything that is a letter, a number, or an underscore, until you find something that doesn't match. Save the values and the type of token in a Token struct or class, along these lines:
struct Token
 std::string value;
 TokenType type;
You'll want to have the addition and subtraction operators in one group and the multiplication, division and modulo in another, because they have different precedences in infix notation. You can bet the instructor will have you do precedences later on if this assignment doesn't cover it already.
BTW, you might want to look into CppUnit for creating your unit tests in the future. It takes more work, but it gives you a structured way of performing and repeating the tests without interfering with the program being tested.
Edited by Schol-R-LEA


text: This study introduces a new method for estimating hydraulic conductivity based on the concept of effective groundwater drainage length and DuPuit-Forchheimer assumptions. The effective groundwater drainage length is related to the surface drainage dissection patterns (as expressed in drainage density) forming over long periods of time. Application of the new method to the Oregon Cascades yielded hydraulic conductivity values similar to those documented in the literature. This method represents an effective and efficient way of estimating hydraulic conductivity for regions where the interplay among surface drainage, groundwater, and topography has established a steady-state dynamic equilibrium. It also provides a theoretically sound approach for extrapolating limited local measurements to a large region and revealing the spatial variation of hydraulic conductivity.


text:
Bible scholar–translator Bruce Metzger dies: Was general editor for the NRSV
Bruce Metzger, a preeminent New Testament translator and textual critic, died February 13 at his Princeton, New Jersey, home at age 93.
The professor emeritus at Princeton Theological Seminary, where he taught for 46 years, was termed the "greatest American scholar" in his field in the 20th century by Iain Torrance, president of the seminary.
Metzger was a member of the Revised Standard Version translation team that drew heavy criticisms from theological conservatives when the RSV was published in the post–World War II years. In contrast to the King James Version, the RSV drew on an older and wider range of manuscripts and avoided antiquated English.
"I don't think it is an exaggeration to say the RSV would not have happened had it not been for Bruce Metzger," said Bob Edgar, general secretary of the National Council of Churches. The council holds the copyrights for the RSV and the New RSV, published in 1990. Metzger was general editor for the NRSV, which also upset traditionalists for its use of inclusive gender language.
Metzger himself, however, was admired for his careful work, irenic approach and modesty. An ordained Presbyterian minister, he was honored in international circles and helped to improve the biblical Apocrypha translations used by Catholic, Orthodox and Protestant churches.


text:
Common name: Black Mulberry
Latin name: Morus nigra
Other names: Mulberry, Common Mulberry
Habitat: Black Mulberry is native to eastern and central China.
Description: Black Mulberry is a deciduous tree, growing 10 to 13 meters. It has a dense head of branches, springing from a rough trunk. Leaves are thick, blunt toothed and lobed, with short, stiff hairs on the upper surface. Berry-like black fruits have a unique and refreshing, sweet taste.
Parts used: Fruit.
Useful components: Glucose, protein, pectin, tartaric and malic acids, ash.
Medicinal use: Traditionally, Black Mulberry has been used in cases of kidney disorders, fatigue, anemia and premature hair graying. Now it is commonly used for its antioxidant and laxative properties. It is considered to be beneficial in cases of urinary incontinence, vertigo and constipation. It is also used as a blood tonic.
Safety: Some herbs could react with certain medication. Therefore, it is advisable to consult your doctor before consumption of any herb.


text:
-rises indiscriminately in certain city areas is definitely asking for trouble and will result in an infrastructure deadlock and an eventual fall in prices.
Unlike in developed countries, enforcing strict norms with regards to structural safety, disaster, environment and fire safety presents a challenge in India. If we take the intense urban sprawl of the financial capital of Mumbai as a reference point, it is evident that such parameters cannot be over-emphasised. The same can be said for other large cities, albeit to varying degrees. Apart from the fact that support infrastructure is a huge challenge in most cities, we do not have the benefit of facilities such as helicopter evacuation in India.
Another factor affecting the increase of high-rise buildings in India are the floor area ratio (FAR) norms. FAR parameters vary from state to state and are governed by the respective city development authorities. Increase or limitation of FAR is not city-specific but area specific. FAR restrictions are necessary in heritage zones featuring monuments and wherever higher, it would destroy the urban fabric of a particular area. This has been the primary area of contention. Lower FAR implies higher horizontal growth, which is positive in terms of environmental sustainability but negative in terms of available supply.
The main issue of whether our cities should grow horizontally or vertically revolves around limited supply and whether horizontal growth is a real solution, keeping in mind the growing population and increasing land prices. Every city will have areas where higher FAR is permissible to encourage or accommodate growth of a certain market segment — the same FAR would not be applicable in other areas of the city. These areas will come under municipal limits and are governed by municipal authorities and the FAR for areas outside municipal limits is decided by town and country planning organisations. While there are general guidelines provided by the Ministry of Urban affairs in the form of Model Urban and Regional Planning and Development Laws, their implementation is by necessity entirely city-specific.
The FAR parameters mentioned above represent the first line of restrictions. Also, in order to prevent circumvention of mandatory regulations, development of high-rises in most Indian metros are governed by committees that encompass representatives of the fire and civic development plan department as well as civil engineers and architects. These committees weigh proposals for high-rise developments obtained by the developer as well as their learnings pertaining to the viability of implementation of all safety norms for a given location. In cities like Mumbai, there is a history of non-compliance and non-existence of necessary clearances for high-rise buildings, which has still not prevented such developments from being launched. This has naturally given authorities reason to be highly circumspect about ensuing approvals.
High-rise buildings are extremely expensive in terms of construction, services and utilities. They are not necessarily more environmentally sustainable. Realistically, we are still a long way off from seeing sustainable skyscrapers as a norm rather than an exception to the rule in India. Cost will continue to dictate most construction in this country and the fact remains that skyscrapers — sustainable or otherwise — involve huge costs.
With inputs from Prashant Chavan


got that one.
 -e trace=process
 Trace all system calls which involve process management. This is useful for watching the fork, wait,
 and exec steps of a process.
 -e trace=network
 Trace all the network related system calls.
 -e trace=signal
 Trace all signal related system calls.
 -e trace=ipc
 Trace all IPC related system calls.
 -e trace=desc
 Trace all file descriptor related system calls.
 -e abbrev=set
 Abbreviate the output from printing each member of
 large structures. The default is abbrev=all. The
 -v option has the effect of abbrev=none.
 -e verbose=set
 Dereference structures for the specified set of system calls. The default is verbose=all.
 of system calls. This option has the effect of
 causing all arguments to be printed in hexadecimal.
 This is mostly useful if you don't trust the decoding or you need to know the actual numeric value of
 an argument.
 -e signal=set
 Trace only the specified subset of signals. The
 data read from file descriptors listed in the specified set. For example, to see all input activity on
 file descriptors 3 and 5 use -e read=3,5. Note that
 this is independent from the normal tracing of the
 read(2) system call which is controlled by the
 option -e trace=read.
 -e write=set
 Perform a full hexadecimal and ASCII dump of all the
 data written to file descriptors listed in the specified set. For example, to see all output activity
 on file descriptors 3 and 5 use -e write=3,5. Note
 that this is independent from the normal tracing of
 the write(2) system call which is controlled by the
 option -e trace=write.
 -o filename Write the trace output to the file filename rather
 than to stderr. Use filename.pid if -ff is used.
 If the argument begins with '|' or with '!' then the
 rest of the argument is treated as a command and all
 output is piped to it. This is convenient for piping the debugging output to a program without
 affecting the redirections of executed programs.
 -O overhead Set the overhead for tracing system calls to overhead microseconds. This is useful for overriding
 the default heuristic for guessing how much time is
 spent in mere measuring when timing system calls
 using the -c option. The accuracy of the heuristic
 can be gauged by timing a given program run without
 tracing (using time(1)) and comparing the accumulated system call time to the total produced using
 begin tracing. The trace may be terminated at any
 time by a keyboard interrupt signal (CTRL-C).
 strace will respond by detaching itself from the
 traced process(es) leaving it (them) to continue
 running. Multiple -p options can be used to attach
 to up to 32 processes in addition to command (which
 -s strsize Specify the maximum string size to print (the
 default is 32). Note that filenames are not considered strings and are always printed in full.
 option by the specified criterion. Legal values are
 -u username Run command with the user ID, group ID, and supplementary groups of username. This option is only
 useful when running as root and enables the correct
 execution of setuid and/or setgid binaries. Unless
 this option is used setuid and setgid programs are
 executed without effective privileges.
 -E var Remove var from the inherited list of environment
 variables before passing it on to the command.
 When command exits, strace exits with the same exit status. If
 command is terminated by a signal, strace terminates itself with
 the same signal, so that strace can be used as a wrapper process
 transparent to the invoking parent process.
 When using -p, the exit status of strace is zero unless there
 was an unexpected error in doing the tracing.
 If strace is installed setuid to root then the invoking user
 In addition setuid and setgid programs will be executed and
 traced with the correct effective privileges. Since only users
 trusted with full root privileges should be allowed to do these
 when the users who can execute it are restricted to those users
 special version of strace with mode 'rwsr-xr--', user root and
 setuid version of strace for ordinary lusers to use.
 employing shared libraries.
 It is instructive to think about system call inputs and outputs
 sometimes possible to make deductive inferences about process
 behavior using inputs and outputs as propositions.
 In some cases, a system call will differ from the documented
 argument and the stat function is called xstat and takes an
 extra leading argument. These discrepancies are normal but
 idiosyncratic characteristics of the system call interface and
 are accounted for by C library wrapper functions.
 On some platforms a process that has a system call trace applied
 may interrupt a system call that is not restartable. This may
 have an unpredictable effect on the process if the process takes
 no action to restart the system call.
 Programs that use the setuid bit do not have effective user ID
 privileges while being traced.
 A traced process ignores SIGSTOP except on SVR4 platforms.
 A traced process which tries to block SIGTRAP will be sent a
 SIGSTOP in an attempt to force continuation of tracing.
 A traced process runs slowly.
 Traced processes which are descended from command may be left
 running after an interrupt signal (CTRL-C).
 The -i option is weakly supported.
 strace The original strace was written by Paul Kranenburg for
 SunOS and was inspired by its trace utility. The SunOS version
 of strace was ported to Linux and enhanced by Branko Lankester,
 who also wrote the Linux kernel support. Even though Paul
 released strace 2.5 in 1992, Branko's work was based on Paul's
 strace 1.5 release from 1991. In 1993, Rick Sladkey merged
 an strace that worked on both platforms. In 1994 Rick ported
 strace to SVR4 and Solaris and wrote the automatic configuration
 about himself in the third person.
 The SIGTRAP signal is used internally by the kernel implementation of system call tracing. When a traced process receives a
 SIGTRAP signal not associated with tracing, strace will not
 report that signal correctly. This signal is not normally used
 by programs, but could be via a hard-coded break instruction or
 via kill(2).
 Problems with strace should be reported via the Debian Bug
 2003-01-21 STRACE(1)


text:
WHAT ARE NIC-SALTS?
Posted at 5:00 • 30 Aug • Nicotine
More and more vapers have been taking up the use of nic salt or nicotine salt over recent years. Nic salt is a form of processed nicotine that is used in e-liquid. A large number of vapers say they find that nic salts deliver a more satisfying experience, saying e-liquid with nicotine salt is easier to inhale thanks to its bio-compatibility. Users have cited throat hits of reduced harshness and are able to use more powerful liquids, taking in more nicotine for each vape. Many users of lower-powered devices have started to embrace nic salts.
NIC SALTS VERSUS FREEBASE NICOTINE
Conventional nicotine is also known as "freebase" nicotine. Nic salt is the kind of nicotine found in leaves of tobacco. The salts contain not only nicotine but various other organic components. Nic salt is a compound where the nicotine is bonded to other chemicals. This is not the case with freebase nicotine. Studies have been carried out which suggest nic salts were more efficient in delivering nicotine to users, including an experiment conducted by PAX Labs. The addition of benzoic acid to nic salts reduces the pH, which means vaping isn't as harsh. Many experiments have taken place with the aim of improving the efficiency of nic salts.
BENEFITS OF NIC SALTS
One of the main advantages of using nic salts is that they deliver more nicotine than conventional juices, at a quicker pace. You are also able to use juices with a higher-nicotine content when you purchase nic salt. Nic salt juice is also noted for its generous shelf-life, with its extra stability meaning the products can be kept in storage for longer without the quality of the nicotine being reduced. Another key reason for the popularity of nic salts is that they deliver more nicotine even when you have one of the less powerful devices on the market. In fact, nic salts juice is mainly used in devices of relatively low power, such as the Aspire Gusto Pod Kit.
NIC SALTS FOR EX-SMOKERS
Nic salts have also proved beneficial for new vapers who have just quit smoking. They enable them to absorb more nicotine without being forced to use particularly sophisticated equipment. Some new vapers find the throat hit provided by freebase nicotine harsh, whereas nicotine salts offer a smoother draw. If you are running a high-power device, you can purchase nic salt juice with a lower level of nicotine to avoid an unpleasantly strong hit. The USA was one of the first markets to see the growth of nic salts, and they are now starting to gain increased exposure in the UK.
The juice is designed to mirror the hit that you would achieve from a cigarette. The salts are absorbed into the bloodstream much faster, delivering an effect within around 6-7 seconds. They have also helped many vapers to reduce their liquid consumption thanks to the more powerful nicotine hit on offer. The first nic salts are said to have hit the market in summer 2015 when they were first introduced by PAX. The company's Juul device featured pods containing nic salts, though this device is now unavailable in the European Union as it contained nic salt content of 50mg, 30mg above current TDP restrictions.
Nonetheless, a wide range of nicotine salt e-liquids can be purchased in the UK and across the EU. There is a 20mg limit imposed due to TPD requirements, whilst more and more e-juice manufacturers are including nic salts in their catalogues.
The cost of these juices tends to be slightly higher than conventional liquids, though you should find that you use much lower levels thanks to the greater potency of nicotine. It seems certain that the range of nic salts available in the UK will continue to expand as more vapers learn about their uses.
If you have any concerns about the safety of nicotine salts, read on. In all likelihood, nic salts are probably no more dangerous than inhaling freebase nicotine. There have been some concerns about the benzoic acid used to power nic salts as there has been little conclusive research carried out on its effects on humans. Some suggest that the reduced level of vapour inhaled when nic salts are used could make nic salt juices safer than their more commonly-used counterparts, and certainly safer than smoking cigarettes.
NIC SALTS FROM VAPE SUPERSTORE
One product currently available for those wishing to experiment with nic salts is the NS20 Nicotine Shot from the ever-popular Elements E-Liquids. This 20mg booster shot is designed for use with shortfill e-liquids to enhance nicotine levels and can create a 60ml e-liquid with a 3.3mg base when added to a shortfill bottle of 50ml nicotine-free juice.
FIND OUT MORE TODAY
At Vape Superstore, we are seeing more and more popular e-liquids being given the nicotine salt treatment. We can come to your assistance at any point if you are interested in using nic salts and need help with selecting the right products for your needs, so don't hesitate to get in touch if you do need to find out more, whether you're an experienced vaper or new to the world of vaping.
_URL_ contains general information about vaping and vapour products. The information provided is not medical advice, and should not be relied upon unless explicity cited. We do not make any warranties surrounding the health benefits, reliability and accuracy of written copy across all pages on our website, including blog content and content posted on social media.


text:
When managing Group Policies, there are a couple features to consider. The first is Blocking Inheritance and the other is called Loopback Processing.
Blocking Inheritance: It's exactly as it sounds. It prevents Group Policy Objects (GPOs) that are linked to higher domains, sites, or organization units (OUs) from being automatically inherited.
Now you may ask, when and why would I need to use this? Well, simple enough, what if you don't want the Finance OU, or IT OU to apply to the domain level. At this point, each department has its own configuration that does not need domain level GPOs as it is unnecessary for their use or conflict with specific configuration made exclusively for them.
One thing to keep in mind the 'Enforced' setting. What Enforced does is that it protects the GPOs and its settings from being overridden by a later GPO. It also overrides the Block Inheritance setting.
Loopback Processing: Loopback processing comes in two flavors, Merge and Replace. Going back to the basics, Group Policy affects user and computer accordingly. Let's separate both those into the standard computer OU and user OU. Applying Loopback processing enables the GPO to use an override system in customizing logins to different systems used by different users. When would I need Loopback processing? For example, if you wanted to deploy a training computer or kiosk with a set configuration that will be the same among all users who log in. Instead of applying personal user settings under a specific OU, it will apply its own user settings generated for that specific computer or computers in a given OU. What's the difference in Merge and Replace?
Replace Mode: Replace mode will replace the user configuration with the generic one created for that computer OU. Basically, when Bob and Tom log in to the training computer, they won't get their mapped drives or icons that are specific to them in their OU. They will get the same generic one solely to be used on that training computer.
Merge Mode: In this mode, both the generic and personal user configuration will merge together. If there are conflicts like two policies providing different values for the same configuration setting, then the generic configuration will have the overriding priority over the other.


_USER_ {Woodriff:1973-05-01T00:00:00:0003-7028:181, author = "Woodriff, Ray and Shrader, Douglas", title = "A New Dual Wave-length Spectrophotometer", journal = "Applied Spectroscopy", volume = "27", number = "3", year = "1973-05-01T00:00:00", abstract = "The design, construction, specifications, and operation of a new dual wave-length spectrophotometer are presented. The instrument utilizes only one fixed grating and mobile exit slits with photomultiplier light sensors. Two wave lengths can be monitored and both channels may be scanned, simultaneously and independently. The spectrophotometer has been integrated into an atomic absorption system which includes a Woodriff furnace and Ithaco dual channel lock-in amplifier. The two channels may be used separately (A and B) or may be ratioed (A/B). Calibration curves were obtained for Ag and Pb. Results are given for the determination of Ag in a complex water sample requiring background correction using the ratio (A/B) mode and for the simultaneous determination of Ag and Pb in synthetic samples using the two separate channel (A and B) mode.", pages = "181-185", url = "_URL_ doi = "doi:10.1366/000370273774333632", keyword = "Atomic absorption spectroscopy, Dual channel spectrophotometer, Instrumentation, ultraviolet-visible, Methods, analytical, Techniques, spectroscopic" }


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Funding phase 2
Facilitation of professional knowledge and diagnostic competences in the interactive diagnosis of the academic level in mathematics: The effects of the assumed role and the accompanying vs. concluding reflection styles in simulated instructor-learner situations (DiMaL)
- Prof. Stefan Ufer
- Prof. Kathleen Stürmer
- Prof. Christof Wecker
- Prof. Matthias Siebeck
- Prof. Daniel Sommerhoff
2020 - 2023
Project 7 focuses on the acquisition of diagnostic competencies for prospective mathematics teachers. To this end, diagnostic interviews on demimals between a teacher and a learner are simulated in role-plays. These simulations are used to measure and foster the professional competencies, which are necessary in these interactive diagnostic situations, in mathematics teacher education students. The second phase of the project studies on the effects of different forms of presentation (live vs. video) and implements knowledge-activation and reflections prompts adaptively..
(2020) By implementig the longitudinal study online, we were able to start data collection for the role-play simulation despite changed circumstances. The system for video simulation is in preparation.
Conference papers and posters
- Kron, S., Achnter, M., Sommerhoff, D., Siebeck, M., Stürmer, K., Wecker, C., & Ufer, S. (2020, September). Rollenspielbasierte simulierte Diagnoseinterviews in der Lehramtsausbildung. Vortrag presented at GDM-Onlinetagung.


Opportunities for Kids to Explore Spiritual Gifts
In a previous post we talked about how helping kids learn about spiritual gifts is rooted in them understanding the gospel. It is not so much about pinpointing a specific gift as it us understanding who they are in Christ and exploring how God has made them.
Kids need opportunities to experiment and discover what God has gifted them to do. What are some ways we can provide those opportunities?
 1. Create rich service opportunities. If all our kids do is sit and passively listen, play games, go home… where will they discover the joy of serving or what God has gifted them to do? How can you put kids to work trying out different aspects of ministry? For a season we changed children's choir so that it gave kids a more hands-on experience. They were able to try out the tech side of worship ministry. Some learned instruments. Some learned how to sing in a small praise team or how to do drama. We changed the dynamic of children's choir by letting them explore gifts used in the church.
2. Provide ministry ownership for kids. If kids' whole experience at your church is to come and sit and be entertained, when will they transition to learning how they fit in that experience? Typically adults plan and implement everything the kids do. Instead of adults doing everything, how can kids be involved in natural ways? Look for ways to move away from the default of entertaining them while they are there. Instead, train them to own ministry and utilize the gifts and talents God has given them.
3. Look for special events, but also including it in the norm. The goal is not to overwhelm your already busy calendar. Don't add a million special events. Adapt what you are already doing to include opportunities for kids to serve.
4. Varied, unique experiences help kids try different things. One summer we utilized our Wednesday nights to do a different ministry project each week. One night we cleaned nursery toys and another night we delivered gifts to neighbors. We made bags for the homeless and we wrote encouraging notes to people within the church. By varying the experiences, kids were able to see what connected with them.
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Modeling Hydraulic Performance of a Drip Irrigation Network Directly Coupled to a Photovoltaic Pumping System
Keywords:Drip irrigation, Standalone, photovoltaic pumping system, Performances, hydraulic, emission uniformity
AbstractDrip irrigation network coupled to photovoltaic pumping system presents an alternative solution that can efficiently improves use of water and energy by small and medium irrigated farming systems compared to conventional energy use for water pumping. Standalone photovoltaic water pumping systems (PVWPS) coupled to drip irrigation network constitute the best technico-economical solution compared to PVWPS using electrical or water storage demanding additional cost for the storage device. However, the standalone PVWPS need adequate process control to optimally be coupled with a drip irrigation network as adaptation between variable irradiance inputs and hydraulic outputs are needed to overcome problem of emission uniformity instability that can affect the hydraulic network performance. This study aims to improve the performances of a drip irrigation network coupled to a standalone photovoltaic water pumping system by evaluating the impact of irradiation variation on the hydraulic performances of microirrigation networks based on the calculation of emission uniformity coefficients (5 indicators). A Matlab/Simulink hydraulic model was developed to simulate a drip irrigation network confronted to variable hydraulic behaviours due to irradiance change. Evaluation of the hydraulic performances showed that irradiance change affects water distribution uniformity of the irrigation network. Emission miss uniformities up to 10 % were showed when lower irradiance input occurs. This problem can be solved by proposing hydraulic point tracking that adjust the network impedance with the photovoltaic generator input and irradiance occurrence.
IV-Energy in Agriculture


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Cislunar space (alternatively, cis-lunar space) is the volume within the Moon's orbit, or a sphere formed by rotating that orbit. Volumes within that such as low earth orbit (LEO) are distinguished by other names. Practically, cislunar space is a useful label for "the volume between geostationary orbit and the moon's orbit". Beyond cislunar space lies translunar space.
Cis-lunar is Latin for "on this side of the moon" but also "not beyond the moon". Therefore, one might regard the Lagrange points L4 and L5, the stable regions of the Moon's Trojan points, as cislunar, but in practice they are so interesting as to be likely to be talked about in their own right.
|This article is a stub relating to space or space exploration. You can help Space Wiki by expanding it.|


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Dolphin Pregnancy Is a Drag, Literally
A bottlenose dolphin.
CREDIT: Chris Johnson – earthOCEAN
The extreme physical changes that come during pregnancy may be most evident in humans, but they plague other animals as well. New research shows that pregnant dolphins are so hefty the increased drag on the body makes them swim slower.
"They have this huge body and that creates a large frontal surface area and that drag is going to pull at them," study researcher Shawn Noren, of the University of California, at Santa Cruz, told LiveScience. "Swim performance is lower as well."
It's possible that this extra effort to swim fast could have an impact on the species' survival. If the pregnant dolphins can't escape predators or keep up with their group when chased by tuna fishermen, it could explain why the population isn't rebounding as quickly as expected, Noren said. (Groups of dolphins and groups of tuna tend to live in close proximity, so tuna fishermen chase down dolphins to get to the tuna that usually live below them.)
Dolphins in action
Noren filmed two pregnant dolphins at Dolphin Quest in Hawaii. They were nearly full term. She compared these videos with video taken two years after the pregnancy and found that not only did the larger fully pregnant females produce more drag as they swam through the water, their swimming technique was also altered.
An analysis showed that by having a greater surface area due to their pregnant bellies, which meant more water for the dolphins to push out of their way as they swam, the drag on their bodies increased by about 50 percent compared with their svelte, non-pregnant state.
"When this animal is not pregnant it can swim exactly twice as fast and get the same drag," Noren said.
Because of where the baby dolphin sits (near the mama's tail) during development, the mothers also didn't have as much flexibility at near full-term. They couldn't flip their tails up and down as far as they could after giving birth, so they compensated by flipping their tails about 14 percent more often. [Infographic: How Long Are Animals Pregnant?]
"That whole second half of the animal's body is what the dolphins use to swim, and that fetus is sitting back there toward the back part of the tail," Noren said. "We measured the same animals after birth [of their baby], and they were moving their tail flukes higher when they weren't pregnant than when they were."
These weighed-down mamas might have more trouble outrunning predators (or tuna fishermen) in the wild. Noren notes that their wild predators, which include sharks and some whales, can reach speeds faster than these pregnant dolphins and so might be able to overtake them in a chase.
During these chases, fleeing either aquatic or human predators, young, sick or pregnant dolphins may lose their group, which, Noren said, "could explain why the population isn't recoveringat the expected rate."
This kind of pregnancy drag is likely present in every animal. Birds and land animals (and even insects) need to fight against gravity to keep moving, and as they grow larger this gets more difficult.
"Every animal has shown reduced performance [during pregnancy] and becomes quite sedentary," Noren said. Not many studies have been able to show exactly how much of a drag pregnancy can be.
The study was published Nov. 24 in the Journal of Experimental Biology.
MORE FROM LiveScience.com


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CLIFTON — October is National Dental Hygiene Month and the students in Greenlee and Graham counties are getting some help when it comes to dental care.
Delta Dental Foundation of Arizona awarded Tooth B.U.D.D.S. a $25,000 grant to continue providing oral care and education to the students of Greenlee and Graham counties.
"One of the best parts about receiving this oral health grant from Delta Dental of Arizona has been to see the massive growth we have been able to accomplish in one short year," said MiQuel McRae, founder and executive director of Tooth B.U.D.D.S. "We are so excited to have been given another opportunity to bring even more smiles into underserved communities throughout eastern Arizona. We are even hoping to expand into Gila County in 2020."
The lack of dental providers in Greenlee County has led the region to have the lowest percentage of children who regularly receive dental checkups in Arizona. Because of this, some dental conditions have advanced well past what a regular cleaning can address. Program recipients with additional dental needs will be referred to local dental providers who have partnered with Tooth B.U.D.D.S.
In one school visit, these children can receive an exam, X-rays, professional dental cleanings, sealants, fluoride varnish, as well as Silver Diamine fluoride which stops active decay once it has started. To encourage the students to carry on these practices at home, Tooth B.U.D.D.S. will go into each individual classroom to teach students about oral hygiene and provide each child with a water bottle and a Delta Dental Smile Bag that includes a toothbrush, toothpaste and floss.
"Tooth B.U.D.D.S is delivering the oral health-care treatments these children need, no matter what the geographical barriers might be," said Allan Allford, chief executive officer at Delta Dental of Arizona. "We are huge supporters of what this organization is doing for underserved rural communities around the state, and we look forward to seeing the results of their work reflected in the smiles of the children they serve."
The Delta Dental Foundation grant is the second in the last two months for Tooth B.U.D.D.S.; in September, the organization received $4,690 from Arizona Community Foundation of the Gila Valley.
B.U.D.D.S. stands for Bringing Understanding of Dental Disease to Schools. Its primary goal is to improve the oral health and overall health of the children in these counties
In addition to Tooth B.U.D.D.S., the Arizona Department of Health Services has been offering the Cavity Free AZ Sealant program to schools since 1987.
"School-based dental sealant delivery programs provide sealants to children unlikely to receive them otherwise," the ADHS wrote. "In 2015, 75 percent of Arizona third-graders needed dental sealants.
Sealants prevent tooth decay and stop cavities from growing. In 2015, 60 percent of Arizona third-graders were affected by tooth decay; 30 percent had pain, dental infection or severely decayed teeth in need of urgent treatment.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, about 20 percent of children in the United States ages 5-11 have at least one decayed tooth left untreated.
MouthHealthy.org has some tips in its Halloween Survival Guide to choose the best holiday candies to help reduce dental issues. For example, chocolate cleans the easiest, while sour or hard candies are the worst due to acidity and the possibility of breaking teeth.


life is just as valuable as five? But, theoretically, the scenario could have been constructed to make the comparison between one life and five thousand. Or five million. And instead of a person, it could be property that would get destroyed given the action choice versus one or more lives lost given the non-action choice. Thus making a clearer distinction between the better moral outcome.
The law is not set up to handle these individual "loophole" scenarios. So it should be no surprise to find many hypothetical examples one can construct to illustrate this.
By way of comparison, Judaic law is practiced in the U.S. The conclusion under that legal system is the same. As this Stack Exchange question and answers point out.
I'm not a lawyer. So if you have a real situation you need help with, please hire a real lawyer and don't follow my advice or any advice from strangers on the internet.
Your Answer


Sustainable Development Banner
Updated November 1999
E-mail conference
24 September-11 November 1998
Small farmer group associations: Bringing the poor together
Key questions
Proceedings Conference documents
OUR KEY QUESTIONS are listed below. The hyperlinks provide some comment on the questions, placing them in context if necessary, and indicating FAO's experience, based in great part on the five in-depth case studies conducted in Indonesia, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Zambia during _PHONE_.
Coping with the existing institutional environment
Question 1. How do local socio-cultural norms and conditions influence collective self-help action and affect the formation of new groups, such as SFGAs?
Question 2. How does one incorporate SFGAs into existing institutional environments? Why form SFGAs at all?
Question 3. Who should initiate and promote SFGAs and why? "Outsiders" - group promoters, government, aid agencies, NGOs, political parties, local leaders, etc. - or "Insiders" - small farmer groups themselves?
Question 4. How does one promote SFGAs in conditions where government policy or traditional power holders may discourage the establishment of competitive (alternative) decision making or collective action forums?
 - Get details of FAO experience...
 SFGA formation process
 Question 5. What are the economic and social reasons for farmers forming SFGAs?
 Question 6. Should SFGAs be launched to address a single issue or multiple issues?
 Question 7. When is the right moment to start? What are the first steps that should be taken in promoting the self-organization of a small farmer inter-group association?
 Question 8. Who can be a "member" of an SFGA? A group, an individual or both? Should the rights and duties differ?
 Question 9. How should SFGA leaders be chosen so that they do not lose contact with and accountability to the base? What are the advantages and disadvantages of "shared" leadership?
 Question 10. How important are factors such as coverage, size, member group activities and socio-cultural (and gender) influences in promoting SFGA member solidarity?
 Question 11. What should be the role of a group promoter or group organizer in establishing an SFGA? Should he/she be an initiator or a facilitator? How?
 - Get details of FAO experience...
 SFGA organization and management
 Question 12. Should initial priority be given to internal resource mobilization, e.g., through savings as the source for SFGA development, or to external resource development?
 Question 13. Which methods for internally generating income to meet SFGA running costs seem to be most effective?
 Question 14. How can SFGAs raise money to finance the development of their activities?
 Question 15. How can multiple activities be best organized and managed within an SFGA?
 Question 16. Should SFGAs have a set of formal written rules and procedures for governing basic association functions and activities? If so, at what stage in their development?
 Question 17. What would be the minimum set of reporting, accounting and monitoring and evaluation (M+E) mechanisms needed for ensuring transaction transparency and efficient management of SFGA activities?
 - Get details of FAO experience...
 Service-related issues
 Question 18. What strategies can SFGAs use in accessing external development services provided by governments, NGOs and the private sector?
 Question 19. Should inter-group networks provide training and education services to their member groups? Why not focus on meeting more immediate needs: provision of credit, bulk purchase of inputs, and bulk marketing?
 Question 20. Is it not more important for SFGAs to provide on-lending credit services to members rather than savings services, since small farmers must first generate income to save?
 Question 21. If member groups have accumulated some savings, should the internal pooling of surplus savings at the SFGA level be encouraged to facilitate inter-lending of the pooled savings to other affiliated groups in time of need?
 Question 22. Why do SFGAs seem to have problems in group purchase of inputs and in marketing?
 - Get details of FAO experience...
 Growth and sustainability
 Question 23. How do inter-group networks grow? Is there a common growth pattern, or are they all different and location-specific?
 Question 24. Should the natural logic and tendency to create multi-tiered networks of SFGAs be encouraged or discouraged? When and under what conditions?
 Question 25. Why should SFGA self-reliance and sustainability be our principle concern? How can we measure progress towards these objectives? Should SFGAs be "forever" or only as long as they are useful to members?
 Question 26. How can modern computer and communications technologies assist inter-group associations to develop? Under what local conditions?
 Question 27. Should SFGAs seek legal recognition? What are the advantages and disadvantages of legal recognition?
 - Get details of FAO experience...
 Back to Top FAO Homepage


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"Fresh Garments, Cleaner Planet – Embrace the Green Earth Promise with Burtol Dry Cleaners"
In the quaint town of Paris, Ontario, a transformative wave is reshaping the way residents approach garment care. Shifting from traditional methods, the community is embracing a more environmentally conscious practice, one that promises not only to preserve the longevity of their clothing but also to protect the planet. This shift embodies a global movement toward eco-friendly alternatives, turning the spotlight on innovative solutions that rise above the toxic tides of conventional dry cleaning. Burtol Dry Cleaners stands at the forefront of this revolution, pioneering the Green Earth Dry Cleaning approach—a beacon of hope for the conscientious consumer.
Dry cleaning has long been a necessary but environmentally contentious service for preserving and sanitizing our prized apparel. Traditional solvents, although effective, come with ecological baggage, often exuding chemical residues that can harm both nature and human health. As awareness of these concerns grows, the call for gentler, greener solutions becomes louder and more urgent.
Paris, Ontario, a locale known for its charming historical vistas and its commitment to heritage, introduces an alternative that aligns with the town's values of preservation and progress. Burtol Dry Cleaners, with their exclusive use of Green Earth Dry Cleaning, is setting a precedent for garment care that not only enhances fabric life but equally prioritizes environmental sustainability.
Green Earth Dry Cleaning: The Core of Burtol Dry Cleaners:
Since 2011, Burtol Dry Cleaners has been an exclusive adopter of the Green Earth Dry Cleaning method—a move that showcases their dedication to environmental stewardship without compromise. But what exactly is Green Earth Dry Cleaning, and why does it represent such a significant leap forward?
The Science Behind Green Earth:
Green Earth Dry Cleaning is a revolutionary process that utilizes a silicone-based solvent, specifically liquid silicone, also known as siloxane or decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). This clear, odourless liquid is a derivative of sand, making it a natural, abundant resource. Unlike the harsh chemicals found in traditional solvents, liquid silicone is non-toxic and non-hazardous; it's the same base ingredient used in everyday shampoos and conditioners, providing a gentle touch that is kind to fabrics and skin alike.
Environment Canada's Recognition:
Green Earth solvent is the only dry cleaning solvent that has earned recognition from Environment Canada for its environmental safety. A commendable benchmark, it highlights the movement away from petrochemicals and toward sustainable solutions that contribute to a healthier ecosystem. Burtol Dry Cleaners' dedication to this method showcases their alignment with international standards and their commitment to leading the local industry by example.
The Green Earth Advantage:
At Burtol Dry Cleaners, adopting the Green Earth method isn't just about switching solvents—it's about redefining the customer experience and clothing care. Here are some of the tangible benefits Green Earth provides:
Gentle on Clothes:
The Green Earth solvent works at a molecular level, gently encapsulating and removing dirt and odours without the abrasive action of traditional dry cleaning methods. This means that clothes maintain their color, texture, and shape far longer, enhancing the longevity of the garments. Delicate fabrics, adorned apparels, and special attire that once faced the risks of harsh chemical exposure can now be safely and effectively cleaned at Burtol Dry Cleaners.
Safe for Everyone:
With Green Earth, there's no need to worry about the noxious odours or chemical residues that can cause skin irritations or allergic reactions. It's a safe choice for customers, the professionals handling the cleaning process, and anyone sensitive to conventional dry cleaning chemicals.
The biodegradable nature of the Green Earth solvent ensures that it breaks down into harmless components once it ventures into the Environment. This stands in stark contrast to the many dry cleaning solvents that can linger and contribute to land and water contamination.
No Regulatory Concerns:
Given the non-toxic profile of Green Earth, dry cleaners like Burtol are free from the stringent regulations that govern the use and disposal of traditional dry cleaning chemicals. This means safer working conditions and no environmental liability for both the business and its clientele.
Burtol's Commitment to Excellence:
The embrace of Green Earth Dry Cleaning is just one aspect of Burtol Dry Cleaners' wider commitment to excellence. They pair their eco-friendly methods with unparalleled customer service, meticulous garment handling, and a promise to always stay at the cutting edge of sustainable practices. For Burtol, it's not just about cleaning clothes—it's about fostering a community that's as clean and pure as the garments they return to their customers.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Green Earth Dry Cleaning is an eco-friendly method that uses a non-toxic, silicone-based solvent derived from sand. It gently cleans clothes without the harmful effects associated with traditional dry cleaning solvents.
The advent of Green Earth Dry Cleaning in Paris, Ontario, spearheaded by Burtol Dry Cleaners, represents a significant stride toward a greener, more sustainable future. By choosing to exclusively use a solvent that is as gentle on the earth as it is on fabrics, Burtol is inviting its customers to take part in a vital environmental initiative. In this picturesque town, residents no longer have to choose between impeccable garment care and ecological responsibility; they can have the best of both worlds.
As more and more communities recognize the pressing need for sustainable living, Burtol Dry Cleaners stands as a shining example of actionable change. Their pioneering spirit and dedication to the Green Earth method is a testament to what can be achieved when eco-consciousness is woven seamlessly into the fabric of our everyday lives.
Should you desire to experience the Green Earth difference and contribute to a cleaner, safer environment, Burtol Dry Cleaners awaits your patronage. Join the movement toward sustainable garment care and witness firsthand how a greener approach can yield cleaner, fresher, and more vibrant clothes.
Ready to Wear the Change?
Dive into a world where fashion meets eco-friendly innovation. Contact Burtol Dry Cleaners today to transform the way you care for your clothes and the Environment:


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Theoretical Emission Spectra of Atmospheres of Hot Rocky Super-Earths
Ito et al
Motivated by recent detection of transiting high-density super-Earths, we explore the detectability of hot rocky super-Earths orbiting very close to their host stars. In the environment hot enough for their rocky surfaces to be molten, they would have the atmosphere composed of gas species from the magma oceans. In this study, we investigate the radiative properties of the atmosphere that is in the gas/melt equilibrium with the underlying magma ocean. Our equilibrium calculations yield Na, K, Fe, Si, SiO, O, and O2 as the major atmospheric species. We compile the radiative-absorption line data of those species available in literature, and calculate their absorption opacities in the wavelength region of 0.1--100~μm. Using them, we integrate the thermal structure of the atmosphere. Then, we find that thermal inversion occurs in the atmosphere because of the UV absorption by SiO. In addition, we calculate the ratio of the planetary to stellar emission fluxes during secondary eclipse, and find prominent emission features induced by SiO at 4~μm detectable by Spitzer, and those at 10 and 100~μm detectable by near-future space telescopes.