sconsign(1) print SCons.sconsign file information
sconsign [options...] file [...]
The sconsign command displays the contents of one or more.sconsign files specified by the user.
By default, sconsign dumps the entire contents of the specified file(s). Each entry is printed in the following format:
file: signature timestamp length implicit_dependency_1: signature timestamp length implicit_dependency_2: signature timestamp length action_signature [action string]
None is printed in place of any missing timestamp, bsig, or csig values for any entry or any of its dependencies. If the entry has no implicit dependencies, or no build action, the lines are simply omitted.
By default, sconsign assumes that any file arguments that end with a.dbm suffix contains signature entries for more than one directory (that is, was specified by the SConsignFile () function). Any file argument that does not end in.dbm is assumed to be a traditional.sconsign file containing the signature entries for a single directory. An explicit format may be specified using the -f or --file= options.
Various options control what information is printed and the format:
-a, --act, --action
Prints the build action information for all entries or the specified entries.
-c, --csig
Prints the content signature (csig) information for all entries or the specified entries.
When the signatures are being read from a.dbm file, or the -f dbm or --format=dbm options are used, prints information about only the signatures for entries in the specified DIRECTORY.
-e ENTRY, --entry=ENTRY
Prints information about only the specified ENTRY. Multiple -e options may be used, in which case information about each ENTRY is printed in the order in which the options are specified on the command line.
-f FORMAT, --format=FORMAT
The file(s) to be printed are in the specified FORMAT. Legal values are dbm (the DBM format used when the SConsignFile() function is used) or sconsign (the default format used for an individual.sconsign file in each directory).
-h, --help
Prints a help message and exits.
-i, --implicit
Prints the list of cached implicit dependencies for all entries or the the specified entries.
Prints a pretty-printed representation of the raw Python dictionary that holds build information about individual entry (both the entry itself or its implicit dependencies). An entry's build action is still printed in its usual format.
-r, --readable
Prints timestamps in a human-readable string, enclosed in single quotes.
-t, --timestamp
Prints the timestamp information for all entries or the specified entries.
-v, --verbose
Prints labels identifying each field being printed.
Specifies the directory that contains the SCons Python module directory (e.g. /home/aroach/scons-src-0.01/src/engine). on the command line.
Steven Knight


text:
The Endangered Species Animal Kingdom Bath Puzzle Sets are a unique product that provides hours of enjoyment for kids while they learn about the endangered species of the world. They are unique puzzles that are made from eco-friendly recycled materials and encourage improved motor skills for children while educating them about the environment. The bubble bath formula included uses only the best ingredients from approved sources and is not tested on animals. Even the packaging of the Endangered Species Animal Kingdom Bath Puzzles Set is made from 100% recycled cardboard so you can be sure you are doing the best for the environment.
- Eco-Fiendly! Uses Recycled Materials!
- 3D Puzzles That Float!
- Soft & Flexible! No Sharp Edges!
- Supports Defenders of Wildlife!
This set includes:
- 3-D Animal Puzzles
- Bubble Bath
About Health Science Labs
Health Science Labs helps keep families healthy with its high quality nutritional supplements, first aid and other eco-friendly products for kids and babies that Moms can trust. They are committed to being environmentally friendly. The Endangered Species bath sets, Eco-Doodle and Eco-Labels use recycled packaging and renewable resources such as biodegradable "stone paper" printed with soy ink that doesn't kill tress, doesn't pollute the air or water, and saves energy and water. All of their liquid bath products are paraben, sulfate and dye-free. Every purchase of an Endangered Species by HSL product helps endangered animals through our donations to the Defenders of Wildlife Organization at _URL_.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Updated date:
The Ancient Art of Naalbinding
Ethnic Knitting Style at Norstead Viking Village
Woman knits with one needle carrying on centuries-old tradition.
Woman knits with one needle carrying on centuries-old tradition.
An Ancient Form of Viking Knitting Resurfaces in Modern Times
Twenty-first century crafters have discovered the art of medieval naalbinding, turning to a form of ancient knitting that involved knitting with one needle. Knitters have adapted this method for use in modern times.
How does naalbinding knitting differ from the knitting we know of today? Naalbinders use a spiral knitting technique that connects one row to the next and to the loops on either side. It is a challenging craft, one that is time-consuming and labor-intensive, but modern naalbinders gain a better understanding of crafters that have gone before, and they feel the results are well worth the effort.
What makes naalbinding distinctive is that a person doesn't have to use patterns to produce knitted goods. Each naalbinder develops his or her own particular style and this is expressed in unique, one-of-a-kind creations.
Needle-binding is similar to sewing, darning but because yarn is used, it produces a fabric that looks similar to that which is knitted. Naalbinders use a single-eyed needle and yarn to create a series of loops, which makes every stitch secure and produces a stretchy material. Increases are made by working two stitches into one stitch in the previous row; decreases involve combining two stitches.
Short lengths of yarn are used because the yarn is pulled all the way through each stitch. Yarn is added as a piece progresses. Colored yarns are also woven into the work.
Sturdy Mittens Made With Naalbinding
Sturdy Naalbinded Mittens--a hardy people learned how to make knitted items to ward off the cold.
Discoveries of Ancient Knitting
Naalbinded items have been found in different parts of the world, some fragments dating back to the neolithic period. Items have been discovered in Iceland, Finland and Poland, to name a few.
Naalbinding continued in Scandinavia and the mountain areas of Central Asia, probably due, in part, to climate.
While, In other locations, knitting largely replaced naalbinding, the craft still survived over the centuries in certain areas and thus, has come down to us from antiquity and gives us insights as to how warm and sturdy garments were made in the past.
Roman Socks
An ancient method of knitting produced dense socks.
An ancient method of knitting produced dense socks.
Quick Look
Literally translated as "needle binding" or "binding with a needle," naalbinding is a time-honored method of creating fabric that is considered to be older than crocheting or knitting. The process was based on:
 - Use of one needle rather than two
 - Needles were flat and fashioned from materials at hand, such as moose or antler wood
 - The entire length of a short yarn strand was used create each loop or loops
 - Because of short lengths of yarn, different yarn colors could easily be added, which, of course, made for interesting-looking garments.
 - A loop was created and the needle was passed through the loop
 - A chain of loops were created
Naalbinding and the Vikings
Talented knitters in Norse settlements employed naalbinding to fashion clothing items to ward off winter's chill.
This ancient knitting method required many hours of labor, using a bone needle and wool to construct almost indestructible warm garments, such as knitted socks, leggings, mittens, gloves, hats and scarves, and other necessary clothing items. In a sense, naalbinded garments were survival gear, which equipped these hardy and hard-working people to protect themselves against the elements.
Norse naalbinding ranged from simple stitches to very complicated techniques. It is believed that over one thousand variations of naalbinding are possible.
On the Northern Tip of Newfoundland, Naalbinding is Alive and Well
A visit to L'anse Aux Meadows up in St. Anthony, Newfoundland, offers knitters a way to step back in a time. Knitters can tour Norstead, the Viking village, and chat with women dressed in traditional garb, seated 'round a fire and knitting with one needle. A shop on the site offers an assortment of naalbinded items, such as warm socks, mittens, hats and scarves, a delight for visitors who want to purchase naalbinded items.
Norstead--Viking Village in Newfoundland
Getting to Norstead Viking Village
Naalbinding Was Done Using Materials at Hand
Image: Needle and Sample of Naalbinding Knitting
Image: Needle and Sample of Naalbinding Knitting
Materials Ancient People Used to Naalbind
When winter winds were howling, ancient people passed the dark winter months creating many useful and usable items for their families.
 - Needles were flat and carved out of antler, wood, or bone.
 - Wool was particularly well-suited for one-needle knitting because of how it felted.
Table With Naalbinded Items
Everyday items to make life more comfortable for the Norsemen.
Everyday items to make life more comfortable for the Norsemen.
A Look at Naalbinding: Knitting With One Needle
Stitches Used in Naalbinding
Different stitches are used in Naalbinding, some relatively easier and more common and others more complex.
Pattern codes describe the action needed: "go over or under" and how many times, thus someone reading directions might see codes like: O/UO, UO/UOO, and any number of variations.
Different variations of naalbinding are used to yield different degrees of both elasticity and thickness when creating fabric.
If you want to learn naalbinging, attending a class can be a real boon, but if there are no classes in your area, a good instructional book can guide you.
Oslo Stitch
How do Naalbinded Stitches Differ From Knit Stitches?
In a row of knitting, each stitch or loop is connected to stitches above or below it. In naalbinding, each loop is connected to at least one loop on either side.
In the basic technique, a loop is formed and the needle and yarn are passed through the loop, but not all the way. The yarn forms a new loop. The needle is then passed through the new loop and thus a chain is formed.
At the end of a row, the work is turned, and each stitch is now passed through its partner but also in a loop from the previous row. This makes for sturdy fabric.
As with knitting, the work may also be performed "in the round," depending on what item is being created.
York Stitch
Naalbinding in Modern Times
In modern times, the art of naalbinding has enjoyed a revival as interest has grown in this ethnic knitting style. This method has been turned to as a valuable resource for crafters who desire to master different knitting techniques to produce naalbinded items for their own use and/or for cottage industries.
Ribbing and More
Resources For Modern Naalbinders...
 - Classes in naalbinding offer instruction in different single-needle stitches
 - Knitters learn from experienced naalbinders who share their techniques
 - Naalbinding pamphlets and booklets teach basic stitches
 - Online sites discuss naalbinding techniques and offer naalbinding instructions
Rediscovering an Ancient Crafting Method
Certainly, the past steps on the heels of the present as knitters master a style of knitting that once spelled survival for our hardy forebears who produced many useful and warm items using natural materials they had on hand, and thus were well-equipped to brave challenging temperatures on land and at sea.
Ethnic Crafting
© 2013 Athlyn Green
Related Articles


Recent Posts
How to use patterns like a Pro
Just as you think about color, line and texture, also consider how you can mix pattern in your room scheme.
Patterns are exciting to use and can lift a scheme from the ordinary to the spectacular! Patterns can be difficult to manage successfully - but there are some rules that can be followed until you become confident enough to break them.
The most common patterns we use in interior design schemes are:
Geometric, Stripes, Floral/Organic, Motif
Complex Patterns
Patterns that use several colors and diagonal and diagonal criss-crossing lines are busy for your eye. They can liven up a large area, but it maybe overwhelming for a small room. They can however look great in a large space when they are allowed to dominate. Also when used in pastel hues these patterns can be very refreshing to the eyes.
Vertical Lines
Vertical lines add height to a short room, or add more height to a high ceiling. They are also considered to be "classic" yet "contemporary". Vertical lines add a fun quotient to design, hence are
a great pick for kids rooms.
Horizontal Lines
Horizontal Lines add space and width to an area. They are also great if you are trying to lower the visual height of a room.
It can be big and bold or small and delicate. Foliage gives a very different look and feel to a room. A general rule of thumb, the larger the space, the larger the print, the smaller the space the smaller the print. Yet adding a large print to a small area can create a real feeling of grandeur.
A motif pattern is any randomly recurring pattern and id usually based on abstract shapes. The same grouping or pattern used throughout an area can draw together a wide open plan. It will create a flow and sense of continuity.


inheritance of x's property a is overridden in xi and makes it pretty much behave as if nothing was inherited. JSON.stringify itself ignores inherited values - it only translates the enumerable own properties as given by Object.keys(y). The default stringification, while not encoding inheritance, can (except for undefined values) encode enough of an object to reconstruct it in an environment that knows what inheritance it should have. To encode JavaScript objects that contain explicit undefined values a convention for representing undefined must be established, such as mapping it to the string "UNDEFINED". One can then pass JSON.stringify the optional replacer argument to translate with this convention:
 var y = {a: undefined};
 var ys = JSON.stringify(y,
 function (k, v){return (v === undefined) ? "UNDEFINED" : v});

 Converting this JSON back into JavaScript is not as straightforward. While JSON.parse can take an optional reviver argument that is, essentially, the inverse of a replacer, it can't be used in this situation. If that function returns undefined, the JSON.parse logic interprets this to mean to not define a property rather than define one with a undefined value. Instead one has to explicitly post process the result from JSON.parse replacing each "UNDEFINED" with undefined.
ReferencesEdit
 1. ^ "Doug Crockford "Google Tech Talks: JavaScript: The Good Parts"". 7 February 2009.
 2. ^ "A Modern Reintroduction To AJAX". Retrieved 12 April 2017.
 3. ^ Bray, Tim. "JSON Redux AKA RFC7159". Ongoing. Retrieved 16 March 2014.
 4. ^ Bray, Tim (ed.), The I-JSON Message Format, Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), RFC 7493
 5. ^ "Douglas Crockford — The JSON Saga". YouTube. 28 August 2011. Retrieved 23 September 2016.
 6. ^ "Chip Morningstar Biography". n.d.
 7. ^ "State Software Breaks Through Web App Development Barrier With State Application Framework: Software Lets Developers Create Truly Interactive Applications; Reduces Costs, Development Time and Improves User Experience". PR Newswire. February 12, 2002.
 8. ^ Apache and the JSON license on LWN.net by Jake Edge (November 30, 2016)
 9. ^ Yahoo!. "Using JSON with Yahoo! Web services". Archived from the original on October 11, 2007. Retrieved July 3, 2009.
 10. ^ Google. "Using JSON with Google Data APIs". Retrieved July 3, 2009.
 11. ^ Crockford, Douglas (May 28, 2009). "Introducing JSON". json.org. Retrieved July 3, 2009.
 12. ^ Douglas Crockford (2016-07-10). "JSON in JavaScript". Archived from the original on 2016-07-10. Retrieved 2016-08-13.
 13. ^ a b "The JSON Data Interchange Format" (PDF). ECMA International. October 2013. Retrieved 23 September 2016.
 14. ^ a b c "JSON Web Token (JWT)". IETF. May 2015. Retrieved 23 September 2016.
 15. ^ a b Holm, Magnus (15 May 2011). "JSON: The JavaScript subset that isn't". The timeless repository. Retrieved 23 September 2016.
 16. ^ "Standard ECMA-262". ecma-international.org. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
 17. ^ "jquery - Format a Microsoft JSON date? - Stack Overflow". stackoverflow.com. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
 18. ^ "Tales from the Evil Empire - Dates and JSON". asp.net. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
 19. ^ "JSON Schema and Hyper-Schema". json-schema.org. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
 20. ^ "draft-wright-json-schema-00 - JSON Schema: A Media Type for Describing JSON Documents". json-schema.org/. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
 21. ^ "draft-zyp-json-schema-04 - JSON Schema: core definitions and terminology". ietf.org. Retrieved 17 March 2016.
 22. ^ "JSON Schema Software". json-schema.org. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
 23. ^ _URL_
 24. ^ "Media Types". iana.org. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
 25. ^ a b c "Handle application/json & text/json by benschwarz · Pull Request #2 · mislav/faraday-stack". GitHub. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
 26. ^ "Yahoo!, JavaScript, and JSON". ProgrammableWeb. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
 27. ^ "Make JSON requests allow text/javascript content by jakeboxer · Pull Request #148 · AFNetworking/AFNetworking". GitHub. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
 28. ^ "lift/Req.scala at master · lift/lift · GitHub". GitHub. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
 29. ^ "BrowserIO.js in legacy/branches/0.4/src/io – Dojo Toolkit". dojotoolkit.org. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
 30. ^ a b "JSON: The JavaScript subset that isn't". Magnus Holm. Retrieved 16 May 2011.
 31. ^ Douglas Crockford (July 2006). "IANA Considerations". The application/json Media Type for JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). IETF. sec. 6. RFC 4627. _URL_ Retrieved October 21, 2009.
 32. ^ Stefano Di Paola. "Minded Security Blog: Ye Olde Crockford JSON regexp is Bypassable". mindedsecurity.com. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
 33. ^ Crockford, Douglas (December 6, 2006). "JSON: The Fat-Free Alternative to XML". Retrieved July 3, 2009.
 34. ^ "ECMAScript Fifth Edition" (PDF). Retrieved March 18, 2011.
 35. ^ "Using Native JSON". June 30, 2009. Retrieved July 3, 2009.
 36. ^ Barsan, Corneliu (September 10, 2008). "Native JSON in IE8". Retrieved July 3, 2009.
 37. ^ "Web specifications supported in Opera Presto 2.5". March 10, 2010. Retrieved March 29, 2010.
 38. ^ Hunt, Oliver (June 22, 2009). "Implement ES 3.1 JSON object". Retrieved July 3, 2009.
 39. ^ "YUI 2: JSON utility". September 1, 2009. Retrieved October 22, 2009.
 40. ^ "Learn JSON". April 7, 2010. Retrieved April 7, 2010.
 41. ^ "Ticket #4429". May 22, 2009. Retrieved July 3, 2009.
 42. ^ "Ticket #8111". June 15, 2009. Retrieved July 3, 2009.
 43. ^ "Ticket 419". October 11, 2008. Retrieved July 3, 2009.
 44. ^ "Denial of Service and Unsafe Object Creation Vulnerability in JSON (CVE-2013-0269)". Retrieved January 5, 2016.
 45. ^ "Microsoft .NET Framework JSON Content Processing Denial of Service Vulnerability". Retrieved January 5, 2016.
 46. ^ Zyp, Kris (September 16, 2012). Bryan, Paul C., ed. "JSON Reference: draft-pbryan-zyp-json-ref-03". Internet Engineering Task Force.
 47. ^ Zyp, Kris. "dojox.json.ref". Dojo.
 48. ^ Zyp, Kris (June 17, 2008). "JSON referencing in Dojo". SitePen. Retrieved July 3, 2009.
 49. ^ von Gaza, Tys (Dec 7, 2010). "JSON referencing in jQuery". NUBUNTU. Archived from the original on May 7, 2015. Retrieved Dec 7, 2010.
 50. ^ "Sharp variables in JavaScript". Mozilla Developer Network. April 4, 2015. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
 51. ^ "JSON: The Fat-Free Alternative to XML". json.org. Retrieved 14 March 2011.
 52. ^ a b "YAML Ain't Markup Language (YAML™) Version 1.2". yaml.org. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
 53. ^ "JSON Schema". json-schema.org. Retrieved 2017-04-10.
 54. ^ Saternos, Casimir (2014). Client-server web apps with Javascript and Java. p. 45. ISBN 9781449369316.
 55. ^ Oren Ben-Kiki; Clark Evans; Ingy döt Net. "YAML Ain't Markup Language (YAML™) Version 1.2". Retrieved 29 August 2015.
External linksEdit


text:
Direkoglu, Cem and Nixon, Mark S.
Shape Classification using Multiscale Fourier-based Description in 2-D Space.
At IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing (ICSP 2008), Beijing, China,
In shape recognition, the boundary and exterior parts are amongst the most discriminative features. In this paper, we propose new multiscale Fourier-based object descriptors in 2-D space, which represents the boundary and exterior parts of an object more than the central part. This representation is based on using a high-pass Gaussian filter at different scales. The proposed algorithm makes descriptors size, translation and rotation invariant as well as increasing discriminative power and immunity to noise. In comparison, the new algorithm performs better than elliptic Fourier descriptors and Zernike moments with respect to increasing noise.
Actions (login required)


CAS Authentication Using Perl
Overview
This document uses Perl to show how the basics of CAS work. If at all possible, it is best to use a supported CAS client, but if you cannot get one to work, the code below shows how basic CAS authentication works. Of course, you can do this in any programming language.
Example Perl
sub GetUIDFromCAS {
 # Return the UID as obtained from CAS, either by validating an existing
 # ticket, or by referring the user to CAS for new ticket. In the latter
 case, the UID will be obtained by validating the ticket that is returned
 # here by CAS.

 use strict;

 use LWP::UserAgent;
 use CGI;

 my ($thisService,$casService) = @_;

 my $query = new CGI;
 my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;

 my $casGet;
 my $casTicket;
 my $response;
 my $uid;

 # Retrieve the CAS ticket, if any, from the incoming URI:
 $casTicket = $query->url_param('ticket');

 # If there is a ticket, validate it with CAS, returning the user's UID:
 if ($casTicket) {
 # Construct the full URL of the CAS validation service:
 $casGet =
 "$casService\/serviceValidate?ticket=$casTicket&service=$thisService";
 # Retrieve the validation output from CAS:
 $response = $ua->get($casGet);
 # Peel off the UID from the response:
 if ($response->content =~ /(\d+)<\/cas:user>/) {
 $uid = "$1";
 }
 # If there's no uid, then retrieve the entire response (which should
 # include an error message) and return that to the caller instead of
 # a uid.
 else {
 $uid = "casTicket: $casTicket; " . $response->content;
 }
 }

 # If a valid ticket was not part of the query string, redirect the user's
 # browser to CAS to get a fresh ticket:
 else {
 print
 $query->redirect(-location=>"$casService/login?service=$thisService");
 }

 # Return the UID (or else the error response) obtained from CAS:
 return $uid;
}


text:
CTD Awarded Patent for Elastic Memory Hinge that enables High Specific Power Solar Arrays for SmallSats and CubeSats
September 29, 2020
CTD was awarded a patent (US Patent 10,790,778 ) for a Solar Array with Elastic Memory Hinges. This intellectual property delivers the ability to package solar arrays in extremely small volumes, further enabling CubeSat and SmallSat payloads that require substantial power relative to their weight resulting in specific power that exceeds 250 W / kg.
CTD is currently leveraging this technology in several solar wings for CubeSat through SmallSat payloads including 6U, 12U, 1/2 ESPA, and ESPA Grande satellite bus sizes. CTD's unique understanding of the utilization of elastic memory composites enables reduced part counts in satellites and increased satellite performance as the reduction in weight of the solar wing enables larger, more powerful payloads to be integrated on the spacecraft.
This patent furthers CTD's novel composite design expertise to enable satellite deployments for solar arrays, flat panel antennas, and other large surface area instruments and features.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
62.5. GIN Tips and Tricks
- Create vs. insert
Insertion into a GIN index can be slow due to the likelihood of many keys being inserted for each item. So, for bulk insertions into a table it is advisable to drop the GIN index and recreate it after finishing bulk insertion.
As of PostgreSQL 8.4, this advice is less necessary since delayed indexing is used (see Section 62.4.1 for details). But for very large updates it may still be best to drop and recreate the index.
Build time for a GIN index is very sensitive to the
maintenance_work_memsetting; it doesn't pay to skimp on work memory during index creation.
During a series of insertions into an existing GIN index that has
fastupdateenabled, the system will clean up the pending-entry list whenever the list grows larger than
gin_pending_list_limit. To avoid fluctuations in observed response time, it's desirable to have pending-list cleanup occur in the background (i.e., via autovacuum). Foreground cleanup operations can be avoided by increasing
gin_pending_list_limitor making autovacuum more aggressive. However, enlarging the threshold of the cleanup operation means that if a foreground cleanup does occur, it will take even longer.
gin_pending_list_limitcan be overridden for individual GIN indexes by changing storage parameters, which allows each GIN index to have its own cleanup threshold. For example, it's possible to increase the threshold only for the GIN index which can be updated heavily, and decrease it otherwise.
The primary goal of developing GIN indexes was to create support for highly scalable full-text search in Postgres Pro, and there are often situations when a full-text search returns a very large set of results. Moreover, this often happens when the query contains very frequent words, so that the large result set is not even useful. Since reading many tuples from the disk and sorting them could take a lot of time, this is unacceptable for production. (Note that the index search itself is very fast.)
To facilitate controlled execution of such queries, GIN has a configurable soft upper limit on the number of rows returned: the
gin_fuzzy_search_limitconfiguration parameter. It is set to 0 (meaning no limit) by default. If a non-zero limit is set, then the returned set is a subset of the whole result set, chosen at random.
"Soft" means that the actual number of returned results could differ somewhat from the specified limit, depending on the query and the quality of the system's random number generator.
From experience, values in the thousands (e.g., 5000 — 20000) work well.


skip navigation
End-of-life notice: American Legal Ethics Library
We regret any inconvenience.
Colorado Disciplinary Rules of Professional Conduct
Comment - Rule 3.6
[5] There are, on the other hand, certain subjects which are more likely than not to have a material prejudicial effect on a proceeding, particularly when they refer to a civil matter triable to a jury, a criminal matter, or any other proceeding that could result in incarceration. These subjects relate to:
(2) in a criminal case or proceeding that could result in incarceration, the possibility of a plea of guilty to the offense or the existence or contents of any confession, admission, or statement given by a defendant or suspect or that person's refusal or failure to make a statement;
Committee Comment
[8] Rule 3.6 is similar to DR 7-107, except as follows: First, Rule 3.6 adopts the general criterion of "substantial likelihood of materially prejudicing an adjudicative proceeding" to describe impermissible conduct. Second, Rule 3.6 makes clear that only lawyers who are, or have been involved in a proceeding, or their associates, are subject to the Rule. Third, Rule 3.6 omits the particulars in DR 7-107(b), transforming them instead into an illustrative compilation as part of the Rule's commentary that is intended to give fair notice of the kinds of statements that are generally thought to be more likely than other kinds of statements to pose unacceptable dangers to the fair administration of justice. Whether any statement will have a substantial likelihood of materially prejudicially an adjudicatory proceeding will depend upon the facts of each case. The particulars of DR 7-107(c) are retained in Rule 3.6(b), except DR 7-107(C)(7), which provided that a lawyer may reveal "[a]t the time of seizure, a description of the physical evidence seized, other than a confession, admission or statement." Such revelations may be substantially prejudicial and are frequently the subject of pretrial suppression motions whose success would be undermined by disclosure of the suppressed evidence to the press. Finally, Rule 3.6 authorizes a lawyer to protect a client by making a limited reply to adverse publicity substantially prejudicial to the client.
[9] Replaced and Adopted by the Court, En Banc, June 12, 1997, effective January 1, 1998.


text:
Rural/Urban Counties in North Carolina
Rural: The Rural Center serves 85 of the state's counties. Of these, 80 have an average population density of 250 per square mile or less, as of the 2010 Census. Five rural transitional counties have higher population densities but still retain significant rural characteristics.
Click on the image to enlarge.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


2. Direct comments or criticism at the performance rather than the individual, if included in duties. Consistently display high personal standards and project a favourable image of the sport and officiating.
 1. Refrain from public criticism of participants and fellow officials.
 2. Abstain from the use of tobacco products while in the presence of officials and discourage their use by officials.
 3. Abstain from drinking alcoholic beverages when officiating and working with officials.
 3. Educate and ensure high standards of risk management are maintained.
 4. Treat all other hockey participants with due respect and encourage all officials to maintain a high standard of self-discipline.
 1. When in a leadership role, ensure the safety of the officials with whom they work.
 2. At no time become intimately and/or sexually involved with other officials. This includes requests for sexual favours or threat of reprisal for the rejection of such requests.
 3. Respect participants' dignity; verbal or physical behaviours that constitute harassment or abuse are unacceptable.
 4. Never advocate or condone the use of drugs or other banned substances.
 5. Never provide under age participants with alcohol; never encourage its use.


Red centre bounce: Jurrah makes a big leap in any language
March 17, 2009
Some players who arrive in the AFL can't kick accurately, or fumble and drop marks. Then there are psychological impediments: a lack of self-confidence, too much aggression, not enough concentration.
For Melbourne's Liam Jurrah, the barrier is the English language, a skill that comes less easily to him than taking marks. This is understandable, since English isn't the Warlpiri man's native tongue. The Demons believe it is his third language.
Mindful of the enormous challenges Jurrah faces in sharing his thoughts with teammates and coaches - and of the importance of communication in an increasingly complex game - the Demons have seen to it that their No.1 draft pick in the pre-season draft attends English classes.
Last week, Jurrah began English tutorials under the AFL Players' Association's literacy and numeracy program. He isn't the only player in the program - there are several others of varying capacities - but he is a special case, in that he isn't learning to speak his mother tongue.
Jurrah is fluent in the Warlpiri language, which Melbourne's development coach, Ian Flack, believed might be spoken by as few as 500 people. He also has the command of a second indigenous language, but his English is limited.
Jurrah, 20, is what Flack described as a "trainee elder" of the Warlpiri people; some day in the future, he will become an elder of his remote tribe in Yuendumu, 300 kilometres north-west of Alice Springs.
"It's been decided that he'll be an elder when he's older," said Flack, who has assisted Jurrah in assimilating into Melbourne — the city and football club. Flack says Jurrah's biggest challenge is to speak, rather than comprehend or read, English.
Jurrah, indeed, likes to read the newspaper and, as Flack and others attest, he can understand English fine. The struggle is to voice and converse in the words himself, a common experience for those who attempt second (or third) languages.
"He's a very intelligent bloke," says Flack, who sought to place Jurrah's language situation into perspective for some teammates, telling them, "It's the equivalent of you speaking German and Italian and English."
Recruited through that quintessentially Collingwood coterie group, the Industrial Magpies, Jurrah played for Collingwood's VFL team last year, managing four matches before he returned to Yuendumu, a desert community, because a close friend was dying.
He returned to Melbourne, but the Magpies, clearly mindful of the vast cultural distance Jurrah had to travel (Industrial Magpies supporters group member and Jurrah friend Bruce Hearn Mackinnon says Jurrah had never been in the ocean until a Collingwood recovery session), chose not to pursue him, and he did not even nominate for the national draft. Other clubs took a similarly risk-averse view, although he trained briefly with North Melbourne.
Former Collingwood grand final player Rupert Betheras intervened, lobbied the AFL and saw to it that Jurrah was permitted to nominate for the pre-season draft. While national draft nomination is normally mandatory for those picked in the pre-season draft, the AFL ruled that Jurrah had "exceptional circumstances" and admitted him.
As it turned out, only one club had a crack at picking him.
Austin Wonaeamirri and Aaron Davey, both indigenous players from the Northern Territory, have been helping Jurrah adjust to club life, but the Demons have found it difficult to find accommodation for him and his partner, who are looking for a two-bedroom home; Jurrah has been staying with Hearn Mackinnon.
The AFLPA player development manager, former Essendon ruckman Steve Alessio, heads the players' literacy and numeracy program, which is not compulsory. The AFLPA tests all of the league's 130-odd new players' literacy and numeracy when they arrive at their clubs.
"It's voluntary, and sometimes, some players for whatever reason, won't decide to seek that assistance," says Alessio, who cannot recall a past player for whom English was a second language.
Since the literacy classes are confidential, Alessio would not comment on Jurrah's situation, except to say: "He's got his challenges in terms of what he needs to work through in his first year, like every player, or every first-year player has their own challenges.
"Liam's probably got a few more, having come from a remote community, as a lot of indigenous players do."
Jurrah's capacity to express himself is compounded, too, by shyness. For Melbourne, helping him with his English isn't simply for the Warlpiri elder-in-waiting's benefit.
"It just makes you feel a bit uncomfortable when you can't understand him," Flack says.
When news happens:


text:
WHAT IS NUNU?
Nunu is an indigenous sacred medicine made from medicinal trees, barks, and leaves from the Amazon Forest. Nunu is also referred to as rape, which is pronounced, "ha-peh" in English. Nunu is primarily made from tobacco but also includes cacao and macambo nut, all of which are ground down into a fine powder. Rape is consumed through bamboo or bone pipes, either from a shaman, or self-administered. The powder is blown into each nostril in a quick motion. This initial intake of the medicine creates a break in thoughts, and feels quite intense, and not very pleasant. After the medicine has been shot into the nostrils it will clear the emotional, mental, physical, and spiritual bodies. The powder will move through the body by expelling mucus back out through the nose, or down the back of the throat.
Some people experience nausea or purging with nunu, but this is not always the case. The medicine releases acetylcholine, dopamine, and epinephrine in the brain. It clears bacteria, viruses, and illnesses from the body. It is also said to heal the pituitary gland, and decalcify the pineal gland (although there is no scientific backing for this yet). The pineal gland is responsible for regulating circadian rhythms, the immune system, and melatonin, and is also responsible for neurodegenerative diseases, if it is not cleared of fluoride or toxic buildup.


Merannah - Meaning of Merannah
What does Merannah mean?
[ syll. me-ran-nah, mer-ann-ah ] The baby girl name Merannah is pronounced as M-erAEN-AH- †. The origin of Merannah is the English-American language. Merannah is a variation of the name Merana.
See also the related categories, english and american.
Baby names that sound like Merannah include Merana, Meranah, Meranna, Mairina, Mariena, Marienka (Czech), Marinka (Russian), Marnea, Marnia, Marnisha, Marrina, Maurina, Meirna, Merina, Mernah, Meroma, Merona, Meronna, Merrona, and Mirana (Spanish).
Meaning of Merannah Meaning of Merana Meaning of Meranah Meaning of Meranna
Baby Name Explorer for Merannah
Merannah Popularity Charts
blue:boy name
red:girl name
italics:unisex name
bold:primary name


text:
Gradelink allows Teachers to share their Collection of Lesson Plans with other Teachers.
To share your Collection with other Teachers:
- Select the Lesson Plans tab and open a lesson plan.
- Open your Collection by clicking on the folder icon in the top left corner.
- Open the "Share" menu.
- Check the box labeled "Share my Collection".
In addition to sharing your Collection, you can also control which Collections from other Teachers you're viewing by checking the boxes next to their names. Only Teachers who have shared their collection will appear.


x to execute commands interactively.
 If template is specified, it is used as the command. If
 present, -I is a comma-separated list of the initial text for
 each prompt. If -p is given, prompts is a comma-separated list
 of prompts which are displayed in order; otherwise a single
 prompt is displayed, constructed from template if it is
 present, or ':' if not.
 Before the command is executed, the first occurrence of the
 string '%%' and all occurrences of '%1' are replaced by the
 response to the first prompt, all '%2' are replaced with the
 response to the second prompt, and so on for further prompts.
 Up to nine prompt responses may be replaced ('%1' to '%9').
 '%%%' is like '%%' but any quotation marks are escaped.
 -1 makes the prompt only accept one key press, in this case the
 resulting input is a single character. -i executes the command
 every time the prompt input changes instead of when the user
 exits the command prompt.
 The following keys have a special meaning in the command
 prompt, depending on the value of the status-keys option:
 Function vi emacs
 Cancel command prompt Escape Escape
 Delete current word C-w
 Delete entire command d C-u
 Delete from cursor to end D C-k
 Execute command Enter Enter
 Get next command from history Down
 Get previous command from history Up
 Insert top paste buffer p C-y
 Look for completions Tab Tab
 Move cursor left h Left
 Move cursor right l Right
 Move cursor to end $ C-e
 Move cursor to next word w M-f
 Move cursor to previous word b M-b
 Move cursor to start 0 C-a
 Transpose characters C-t
 confirm-before [-p prompt] [-t target-client] command
 (alias: confirm)
 Ask for confirmation before executing command. If -p is given,
 prompt is the prompt to display; otherwise a prompt is con‐
 structed from command. It may contain the special character
 sequences supported by the status-left option.
 This command works only from inside tmux.
 display-message [-p] [-c target-client] [-t target-pane] [message]
 (alias: display)
 Display a message. If -p is given, the output is printed to
 stdout, otherwise it is displayed in the target-client status
 line. The format of message is described in the FORMATS sec‐
 tion; information is taken from target-pane if -t is given,
 otherwise the active pane for the session attached to
 target-client.
BUFFERS top
 tmux maintains a set of named paste buffers. Each buffer may be either
 explicitly or automatically named. Explicitly named buffers are named
 when created with the set-buffer or load-buffer commands, or by renam‐
 ing an automatically named buffer with set-buffer -n. Automatically
 named buffers are given a name such as 'buffer0001', 'buffer0002' and
 so on. When the buffer-limit option is reached, the oldest automati‐
 cally named buffer is deleted. Explicitly named buffers are not sub‐
 ject to buffer-limit and may be deleted with delete-buffer command.
 Buffers may be added using copy-mode or the set-buffer and load-buffer
 commands, and pasted into a window using the paste-buffer command. If
 a buffer command is used and no buffer is specified, the most recently
 added automatically named buffer is assumed.
 A configurable history buffer is also maintained for each window. By
 default, up to 2000 lines are kept; this can be altered with the
 history-limit option (see the set-option command above).
 The buffer commands are as follows:
 choose-buffer [-F format] [-t target-window] [template]
 Put a window into buffer choice mode, where a buffer may be
 chosen interactively from a list. After a buffer is selected,
 '%%' is replaced by the buffer name in template and the result
 executed as a command. If template is not given, "paste-buffer
 -b '%%'" is used. For the meaning of the -F flag, see the
 FORMATS section. This command works only if at least one
 client is attached.
 clear-history [-t target-pane]
 (alias: clearhist)
 Remove and free the history for the specified pane.
 delete-buffer [-b buffer-name]
 (alias: deleteb)
 Delete the buffer named buffer-name, or the most recently added
 automatically named buffer if not specified.
 list-buffers [-F format]
 (alias: lsb)
 List the global buffers. For the meaning of the -F flag, see
 the FORMATS section.
 load-buffer [-b buffer-name] path
 (alias: loadb)
 Load the contents of the specified paste buffer from path.
 paste-buffer [-dpr] [-b buffer-name] [-s separator] [-t target-pane]
 (alias: pasteb)
 Insert the contents of a paste buffer into the specified pane.
 If not specified, paste into the current one. With -d, also
 delete the paste buffer. When output, any linefeed (LF) char‐
 acters in the paste buffer are replaced with a separator, by
 default carriage return (CR). A custom separator may be speci‐
 fied using the -s flag. The -r flag means to do no replacement
 (equivalent to a separator of LF). If -p is specified, paste
 bracket control codes are inserted around the buffer if the
 application has requested bracketed paste mode.
 save-buffer [-a] [-b buffer-name] path
 (alias: saveb)
 Save the contents of the specified paste buffer to path. The
 -a option appends to rather than overwriting the file.
 set-buffer [-a] [-b buffer-name] [-n new-buffer-name] data
 (alias: setb)
 Set the contents of the specified buffer to data. The -a
 option appends to rather than overwriting the buffer. The -n
 option renames the buffer to new-buffer-name.
 show-buffer [-b buffer-name]
 (alias: showb)
 Display the contents of the specified buffer.
MISCELLANEOUS top
 Miscellaneous commands are as follows:
 clock-mode [-t target-pane]
 Display a large clock.
 if-shell [-bF] [-t target-pane] shell-command command [command]
 (alias: if)
 Execute the first command if shell-command returns success or
 the second command otherwise. Before being executed,
 shell-command is expanded using the rules specified in the
 FORMATS section, including those relevant to target-pane. With
 -b, shell-command is run in the background.
 If -F is given, shell-command is not executed but considered
 success if neither empty nor zero (after formats are expanded).
 lock-server
 (alias: lock)
 Lock each client individually by running the command specified
 by the lock-command option.
 run-shell [-b] [-t target-pane] shell-command
 (alias: run)
 Execute shell-command in the background without creating a win‐
 dow. Before being executed, shell-command is expanded using
 the rules specified in the FORMATS section. With -b, the com‐
 mand is run in the background. After it finishes, any output
 to stdout is displayed in copy mode (in the pane specified by
 -t or the current pane if omitted). If the command doesn't
 return success, the exit status is also displayed.
 wait-for [-L | -S | -U] channel
 (alias: wait)
 When used without options, prevents the client from exiting
 until woken using wait-for -S with the same channel. When -L
 is used, the channel is locked and any clients that try to lock
 the same channel are made to wait until the channel is unlocked
 with wait-for -U. This command only works from outside tmux.
TERMINFO EXTENSIONS top
 tmux understands some unofficial extensions to terminfo(5):
 Cs, Cr Set the cursor colour. The first takes a single string argu‐
 ment and is used to set the colour; the second takes no argu‐
 ments and restores the default cursor colour. If set, a
 sequence such as this may be used to change the cursor colour
 from inside tmux:
 $ printf '\033]12;red\033\\'
 Ss, Se Set or reset the cursor style. If set, a sequence such as this
 may be used to change the cursor to an underline:
 $ printf '\033[4 q'
 If Se is not set, Ss with argument 0 will be used to reset the
 cursor style instead.
 Tc Indicate that the terminal supports the 'direct colour' RGB
 escape sequence (for example, \e[38;2;255;255;255m).
 If supported, this is used for the OSC initialize colour escape
 sequence (which may be enabled by adding the 'initc' and 'ccc'
 capabilities to the tmux terminfo(5) entry).
 Ms Store the current buffer in the host terminal's selection
 (clipboard). See the set-clipboard option above and the


Cedar Breaks
Deposition at Cedar Breaks started about 60 million years ago. The plateau that Cedar Breaks is currently located on was much lower than it is today. During this time, the area was completely covered by a lake. This lake became known as Lake Claron. The lake was 70 miles wide and 250 miles long. Surrounding highlands began to erode away and these sediments were carried away by wind and water into LakeClaron. These sediments settled at the bottom of this lake. Algae that naturally lived in the lake would eventually die forming a paste that cemented all the sediments together to form the sedimentary rock that is visible at Cedar Breaks today. The sedimentary rock visible at Cedar Breaks is limestone. The colors visible in the rock come from various amounts of oxidized irons (red and orange hues) and manganese (purple hues). This entire formation became known as the Claron formation or Pink Cliffs.
Cedar Breaks is located near a major fault known as the Hurricane fault. This fault is 100 miles long and runs parallel to I-15. It became very active about 10 million years ago, raising the LakeClaron bed to its current elevation of 10,350 feet above sea level. The Hurricane fault is known as a normal fault. The fault is still active today, but because it moves at such a slow rate, it is hard for one to notice the movement.
Ever since the rocks were uplifted, they became exposed to the various erosion elements. There are three types of erosion apparent at Cedar Breaks: chemical, water, and wind erosion.
Cedar Breaks


text:
Large diameter straight seam steel pipe can be used as sand pumping steel pipe
Date:2019-03-01 View:672 Tag:Large diameter straight seam steel pipe can be used as sand pumping steel pipe
Large diameter steel pipe can be used for straight seam pumping sand used, taking widely used in sand mining machinery, dredging, salt extraction, Chati iron, steel can be called pumping sand , sand pumping pipeline , pumping sand with steel.
Straight-welded pipes are generally stronger than spiral steel pipes. They can produce welded pipes with larger diameters with narrower blanks. They can also produce welded pipes with different pipe diameters with blanks of the same width, but compared with straight-slit pipes of the same length. The weld length is increased by 30 to 100% and the production speed is low.
Therefore, most of the smaller diameter welded pipes are straight seam welded, and the large diameter welded pipes are mostly spiral welded. Straight seam steel pipe can be used for sand pumping steel, which can reduce production cost and increase work efficiency. Straight seam steel pipe is used as sand pumping pipe in beaches, rivers, shoals and silt. Illegal sand pumping is prohibited.


Eurasian Sparrowhawk
This bird is not native to North America. It is a traditional bird in falconry as it is common throughout Europe.
This bird is not to be confused with the Eurasian Kestrel or the European Sparrowhawk.
Morphology
The Eurasian Sparrowhawk is an accipiter and, as such, has broad wings. It is colored similarly to other Accipiters with the adult having a dark blue-gray head, nape, back, and wings. The eyes are yellow in the immature bird changing to orange and then red as it matures. The chest is cream barred with brown.
Hunting
Typical quarry caught with the Eurasian Sparrowhawk will be small birds, at which it excels. In the wild it catches finches, sparrows and even doves.
Trivia
The Eurasian Sparrowhawk is commonly confused with other similarly named birds. It is also known as the European Sparrowhawk, European Sparrow Hawk, Common Sparrowhawk, Northern Sparrowhawk and simply the Sparrow Hawk.
A male Sparrowhawk will be hunted somewhere around 150g while the female will fly somewhere around 250g.
The male Sparrowhawk is called a "musket".
These birds are known to become so single minded and persistent in chasing their prey that they do not pay attention to their own safety.
Links
_URL_
All images and text Copyright © 2004 - 2019 - Lydia Ash


text:
The Hutchinsons maize trials in Cumbria are shedding new light on how to maximise the productivity of crops in more marginal maize-growing areas. CPM takes a look at the latest trials.
Undersowing research is definitely still work in progress.
By Rob Jones and Lucy de la Pasture
The old adage that no two seasons are ever the same has been very evident in recent years, creating markedly different challenges for growers and agronomists alike. Managing these seasonal variations is tricky for any crop, especially one like maize when it's grown in the north-west of the country where the climate can be less conducive to warm-season crops.
While many maize crops are established under film to mitigate some of the early season risks from cooler temperatures in spring, the technique creates its own challenges and requires considerable investment. To counter this, maximising crop output is vital to secure the future of maize growing in such areas.
This aim lies at the heart of the Carlisle Regional Technology Centre at Smalmstown Farm near Carlisle, where a range of varieties and growing techniques are being put to the test to identify what does and doesn't – vital lessons that can then be used to inform farm practices, believes Hutchinsons agronomist Jim Clark.
Speaking ahead of an open day at the Carlisle site, he's optimistic that maize will perform well this season, thanks to the favourable summer growing conditions which benefitted development and maturity.
"Crops did look quite variable early in the season when conditions were very dry, but they've really made the most of the summer. Most have put on two full cobs and have huge potential."
Jim notes that cob maturity in many of the plots is at least two weeks ahead of last year, which means they could be ready for harvest before plants senesce. "It's the cobs that contain the starch and energy so, once they're ready, it's time to get the crops off even if the plants are still green," he says. "That may not be something growers are used to doing."
This year, 10 different varieties are being compared at the Carlisle site, all grown under film, with some also sown in the open. Jim says popular varieties like Prospect, Cardiff and Pioneer 7034 all look good, but one of the most exciting is a new coded variety which isn't yet commercially available. "It looks noticeably bigger than the other varieties and seems to have real yield potential, so it's definitely one to watch."
A key part of the maize trials, and one that generates particular interest among farmers, is undersowing the crop with grass to reduce erosion and build soil health. The technique is increasingly popular, but there are some concerns that residues from sulfonylurea (SU) herbicides could adversely affect grass establishment.
An informal trial in 2020 broadcast ryegrass seed onto a treated area and didn't show any significant adverse effects, but a more detailed investigation this season appears to suggest that some level of negative impact could be occurring.
Maize plots were sown as normal in the spring and treated with two herbicide mixes containing mesotrione and either nicosulfuron or prosulfuron, both of which are SU chemistry. A Zocon Greenseeder drill was then used to undersow a Westerwold Italian ryegrass mix between the maize rows at 19.76kg/ha six weeks after drilling.
"Some of the undersown grass has been a bit disappointing this year," admits Jim. "It appears that the dry conditions early in the season meant herbicides lasted longer in the soil and when rain eventually came, it activated the chemistry. Some yellowing in the grass was clearly visible as it took up the herbicide."
Grass grew best where straight mesotrione had been applied, indicating that it was the SU element of the mixes that was having the main effect, he adds.
Indeed, the host farmer, Messrs Fisher, has 20ha of undersown maize in the ground this year, established alongside the trials. It did not receive any SU-based herbicide, and he believes the cover will be good enough to graze sheep on once the maize has been harvested.
"Undersowing research is definitely still work in progress, but that's what trials are all about," says Jim. "The plots which showed some damage from SU chemistry suggest we may need to look at the products we apply when undersowing maize is planned, but also the species of grasses we select as there are differences in their susceptibility to herbicide damage," he says.
Jim acknowledges the situation is more complex for maize grown under film, as growers must wait for the film to break down before going on with post-emergence herbicides, during which time weeds continue to grow. "Some of the more 'grass-friendly' herbicides often aren't as effective on larger weeds, so unless you're hitting weeds when they're small, products can sometimes struggle."
The solution is therefore likely to require different approaches, so next year he plans to experiment with different grass seed mixes to see which offer greatest tolerance to any potential impact from SU residues. Fescues, for example, are thought to be more tolerant.
Initial observations from the starter fertiliser trial suggest there is once again a clear benefit from applying a targeted nutrition product with the seed, even when maize is grown under film.
Plots of P7034 maize were sown on 16 April under Samco green film using a specially modified drill fitted with a microgranule applicator. Two starter fertilisers were compared; ammonium phosphate-based Primary-P and a new developmental product called Biolite. Last season both increased dry matter yield by 3.2% and 3.1% respectively.
"We'll know more once crops have been harvested and yields analysed, but so far we're definitely seeing similar results in terms of crop development to last year, when plots that received the starter fertiliser established quickly and looked physically bigger than the untreated maize."
Jim believes there's scope for many growers to improve early maize nutrition by using starter fertilisers. He also says they negate the risk of root scorch, which can occur when granular fertiliser is applied "down the spout" and sits too close to the seed.
It's a particular risk in rough, dry seedbeds where fertiliser does not dissolve and so scorches the developing roots, he says. "We've seen a few cases this year where crops have blown over in windy weather due to a lack of root anchorage on one side and that has been caused by root scorch."
Another trial at the Carlisle site shows promising results from crops established under a new 100% biodegradable film. "These plots performed best in 2020 and visually plants look bigger this year," he notes. The reason is not entirely clear, although it may be because the faster film breakdown means developing plants are not being held back by film sitting over the leaves.
Jim acknowledges the upfront cost is currently around £148/ha more than conventional film, which is why Hutchinsons has been trialling a narrow row version of the Bio film system to reduce overall costs. "It ticks a lot of boxes as it uses less film, is better for weed control and for sowing grass into, however I'm not yet entirely convinced crops have the same bulk."
Soil temperature assessments earlier this season indicated narrow-row plots were 4-5⁰C cooler than soil under the standard double-row film, which may have had a knock-on effect in slowing the rate of crop development, he suggests.
"They were all sown on the same day, and all came up quickly as there was moisture in the soil. However once we got to about week three, differences started to emerge when the double-row maize seemed to grow away faster. It'll be interesting to see whether that difference shows up in yields at harvest."
It may be possible to combine narrow-row film with a starter fertiliser to negate any drop in soil temperature, although Jim says more work is required in this area before any firm conclusions can be drawn.


text:
Laminaria Japonica Kelp Extract
Kelp(Laminaria japonica Aresch) is one of the important economic algae in marine aquaculture, also known as kelp, lunbu, and river cabbage.
It is a kind of giant edible algae belonging to the genus Laminaceae, the family Laminaria of the Phaeodactylum family. The leaves of kelp sporophyte are band-shaped, brown, and lustrous, and the middle of the leaves runs through two longitudinal grooves to form the "middle band". Kelp is rich in nutritional value, such as protein, amino acids, cellulose, vitamins, iodine, iron, zinc and more than 60 kinds of nutrients are present in kelp tissue.
At present, under the requirements of sustainable development and the premise of food safety, laminarin has become a key development direction in the field of pesticide formulations due to its unique biological activity. The application of such green biological pesticides has a good control effect in the field of diseases caused by plant pathogenic microorganisms, which is in line with the currently advocated "prevention is better than cure" plant protection strategy.
Kelp is rich in iodine, vitamins, minerals, proteins, fatty acids, mannitol, fucoidan, seaweed polyphenols, and other nutrients and about 60 kinds of physiologically active ingredients. Therefore, kelp extract has great potential in the agriculture & food market.
Dora Laminaria Japonica Enzymatic Extraction Technology
In order to improve the high-value utilization of kelp(Laminaria Japonica), Dora Agri is committed to researching enzymatic hydrolysis technology.
When extracting kelp nutrients, alginate lyase is added to degrade the alginate rich in kelp cell walls to obtain oligosaccharide fragments with good water solubility and easy absorption and utilization, reducing the viscosity of kelp and increasing water solubility. At the same time, it opens the cell wall, dissolves the intracellular substances, dissolves more nutrients into the extract.
Dora Agri compares and analyzes various nutrients in the kelp extract of different extraction methods, providing a strong scientific basis for the further development and utilization of kelp.
Comparison of Nutrient Components of Kelp Extract
Comparison of Amino Acid Components of Kelp Extract
Increment Rate (%)
Essential amino acid(EAA)
Total Amino Acid(TAA)
Comparison of Minerals Components of Kelp Extract
The content of most mineral elements in the kelp extract after enzymolysis increased, the content of Ca and Mn increased by 2.2 times and 5.5 times respectively, and the content of trace element Zn also increased by nearly 2 times. The content of mineral elements in the kelp extract after adding the enzyme has a certain increase, and the enzymatic hydrolysis strengthens the nutrition of the kelp extract.
Effect of Enzymolysis Technology on Stress Resistance
Enzymatic hydrolysis of seaweed extract can enhance the ability of corn, wheat, and other crops to resist adversity and improve fertilizer utilization efficiency.
Under drought stress, the plants were dwarfed and wilting symptoms were obvious. The stem base of the plants applied with the enzymatic hydrolyzed kelp extract and NPK was thick and sturdy, which was less affected by drought stress.
The combined application of kelp enzymatic hydrolyzate and NPK can significantly increase the plant height, biomass, relative water content, and SPAD of cabbage leaves. The biomass of cabbage in the enzymatic hydrolysate was 13.74% higher than that in the bacterial hydrolysate.
Get Ideas for Kelp Extraction


Fundamentals of automatic control
A first-year master student may face some difficulties in approaching courses requiring a solid basis of system modelling and control theory like Industrial Automation or Computer Engineering. To mitigate those difficulties the Faculty of Engineering provides a preparatory course that summarizes the main knowledge given in the bachelor courses of the university of Pavia.
This course, called "Fundamentals of automatic control", is a good opportunity to align the knowledge of students who received a bachelor from a different university and to refresh the main knowledge of the local student.
Syllabus
Even if the focus is posed on the system analysis, some basic elements of control theory and mathematical fundamental will be provided. The former will be given as part of the on-line lesson, while the latter are provided as pre-recorded lessons with no student.
A summary of the main topics is:
 - Math fundamental: matrix algebra, complex number, use of semi-logarithmic charts, Fourier series
 - System analysis: basic definitions, system taxonomy, equilibrium, stability.
 - Continuous-time LTI system analysis: Laplace transform, transfer function, initial and final value theorem, stability criteria, first and second order step response.
 - Discrete-time LTI system analysis: Z transform, transfer function, stability criteria.
 - Control problem: main concepts, block algebra, linear control, bode diagram.
Registration
To register to the course, interested students must register to the course using the Kiro platform (_URL_ The login requires the university credentials.
If you do not have the university credentials sent an email to the instructor Federico Di Palma (_EMAIL_) with the following information:
First Name Family Name Student ID
Assessment
This course is not mandatory, and there will not be any kind of exam. However, during the lesson, the instructor will present some example and (optional) tests to the students that can evaluate their degree of knowledge.
Classroom and calendar
The course will be broadcasted using a video-conferencing tool and classes will be recorded. Students registered to the course will have access to the video recording on the Kiro platform (_URL_
The lesson will be given on Wednesday and on Thursday from 2pm to 4 pm.
The link to the upcoming lessons, the pre-recorded lessons, the course material, and the recording of the previous lesson will be published on the Kiro platform.


What Is SkyActiv Technology?
SkyActiv Technology
Introduction
Mazda's SkyActiv Technology enhances vehicle performance and efficiency through creative engine designs such as SkyActiv-G and SkyActive-D. These engines enhance combustion for more fuel economy and fewer emissions. Supported by SkyActiv-Body and SkyActiv-Chassis, which offer robust yet lightweight designs, Mazda prioritizes driving dynamics and safety. This all-encompassing approach underlines Mazda's commitment to environmentally friendly vehicle innovation and guarantees a joyful driving experience.
Discover Mazda's ground-breaking SkyActiv Technology, which combines efficiency and innovation with performance. Built on contemporary SkyActiv-G and SkyActiv-D engines, it redefines automotive standards with the best fuel economy and lowest emissions. Mazda vehicles, refined by SkyActiv-Body and SkyActiv-Chassis, mix lightweight agility with uncompromising safety. Enter a new age of driving excellence whereby every trip naturally blends adventure with sustainability.
SkyActiv Technology reflects Mazda's all-encompassing attitude to raise vehicle performance and efficiency. Combining lightweight automobile construction with contemporary engine technologies allows Mazda to achieve outstanding fuel economy without compromising its driving characteristics. This innovative method shows Mazda's commitment to sustainability and generates both environmentally beneficial and entertaining ways to drive cars.
Core Components of SkyActiv Technology
SkyActiv-G Engine
Mazda's SkyActiv-G engines are supposed to maximize fuel economy and power output using high compression ratios and precision combustion control. This produces higher fuel economy without sacrificing performance, making Mazda vehicles rational and responsive on the road.
SkyActiv-D Engine
SkyActiv-D Reflecting Mazda's diesel technology, the SkyActiv-D engines present fantastic performance and efficiency. Using a two-stage turbocharging system and advanced fuel injection, these engines improve combustion efficiency and lower emissions, allowing great acceleration and towing capability.
SkyActiv-Body
Mazda's SkyActiv-Body produces lightweight yet strong vehicle construction using modern materials such as ultra-high-tensile steel and innovative technical approaches. Reducing weight while maintaining structural integrity in a collision increases safety, agility, and fuel economy.
SkyActiv-Chassis
Maximizing vehicle dynamics and handling is mainly essential for the SkyActiv chassis. In many kinds of road conditions, its accurate steering, well-balanced suspension system, and carefully placed reinforcement improve stability and responsiveness. Apart from enhancing driving pleasure, its chassis design assures passengers of a smooth and under-control ride.
Mazda's SkyActiv Technology essentially blends these basic components to produce vehicles that demonstrate its commitment to creative automotive engineering in terms of efficiency, safety, and fun to drive.
Technological Innovations
SkyActiv-X Engine
Mazda's inventive Spark Controlled Compression Ignition (SPCCI) technology is embodied in the SkyActiv-X engine, which combines the economy of diesel engines with the responsiveness of petrol engines. It achieves this by compressing a lean air-fuel mix, boosting fuel economy by up to thirty percent above conventional petrol engines.
SkyActiv-Transmission
Modern gearbox technology featured in Mazda's SkyActiv-Transmission increases fuel economy and responsiveness. Perfect gear ratios and inventive control systems maximize power delivery, reducing energy losses and generating smoother acceleration and better fuel economy.
i-Activ AWD
The intelligent all-wheel-drive technology of Mazda i-Activ AWD continuously analyzes driving conditions and adjusts torque distribution between front and rear wheels. Running largely in front-wheel drive when additional traction is not needed reduces fuel consumption while simultaneously boosting traction and stability, enabling confident handling in many different weather and road situations.
SkyActiv-Vehicle Dynamics
SkyActiv-Vehicle Dynamics technology improves vehicle stability and agility by combining numerous systems, including G-Vectoring Control (GVC). GVC reduces driver fatigue by changing engine torque in response to steering inputs, improving cornering stability.
These technical innovations show Mazda's commitment to creating automotive technology through vehicles with great efficiency, performance, and driving dynamics, highlighting environmental responsibility and driver delight.
Fuel Efficiency and Performance
Efficient Combustion
By using high compression ratios and precise fuel injection, SkyActiv Technology maximizes combustion efficiency, improving fuel economy without compromising power.
Aerodynamic Design
Mazda's aerodynamic elements reduce drag and increase fuel economy through smooth airflow across the vehicle.
Lightweight Construction
SkyActiv-Body and SkyActiv-Chassis reduce vehicle weight by using lightweight materials and innovative engineering techniques, improving handling and fuel efficiency.
Responsive Driving Dynamics
SkyActiv Technology maximizes fuel economy by enhancing driving dynamics with accurate steering, balanced suspension systems, and a responsive gearbox, which generates a smooth and pleasant driving experience.
Using SkyActiv Technology, Mazda's focus on fuel economy and performance ensures that drivers can enjoy both financial benefits and driving fun. By combining modern engine technology, aerodynamic enhancements, and lightweight construction processes, Mazda continues to develop in offering efficient, ecologically friendly, and enjoyable cars.
Environmental Sustainability
Reduced Emissions
Advanced engine designs and emissions control technologies included in SkyActiv Technology help improve the quality of the air and reduce the environmental impact by reducing dangerous exhaust emissions.
Efficient Fuel Consumption
Mazda's engines under SkyActiv Technology achieve better fuel efficiency by improving combustion and reducing energy losses. This saves natural resources and reduces the carbon footprint.
Recyclable Materials
By using recyclable materials in the construction of SkyActiv-Body and SkyActiv-Chassis, Mazda supports sustainability throughout the car's lifetime.
Future-Oriented Innovation
Through continuous research and development aligned with Mazda's long-term environmental stewardship commitment, future-oriented innovation in SkyActiv Technology aims to increase fuel economy and reduce emissions.
Using SkyActiv Technology, Mazda's strategy for environmental sustainability demonstrates its dedication to producing automobiles with not only great performance but also low environmental impact. By focusing on emissions reduction, fuel economy improvement, and recyclable materials, Mazda wishes to support world sustainability projects by creating cars that meet the current needs of modern drivers.
Advantages Over Traditional Technologies
Enhanced Efficiency
SkyActiv Technology's better fuel efficiency and lower emissions than conventional petrol and diesel engines help to lower running costs and environmental impact.
Improved Power-to-Weight Ratio
Using lightweight materials and efficient engine designs helps Mazda vehicles under SkyActiv Technology display increased performance and handling without compromising fuel efficiency.
Optimized Design
Advanced gearbox systems and aerodynamic advancements in SkyActiv Technology improve fuel economy and driving dynamics by minimizing drag and increasing general vehicle efficiency.
Innovative Engineering
Through creative vehicle design and manufacturing, Mazda ensures that SkyActiv Technology vehicles strike a balance between performance, efficiency, and environmental responsibility, transcending conventional automotive technologies in general value and sustainability.
SkyActiv Technology provides outstanding economy, performance, and environmental sustainability compared to traditional technologies, revolutionizing automotive engineering. Using advanced materials, the best engine designs, and inventive production procedures, Mazda continues to lead in creating vehicles that suit the needs of modern drivers while reducing their carbon impact and boosting driving pleasure.
Future Directions and Innovations
SkyActiv-X Evolution
Through ongoing research and development, Mazanda aims to strengthen its SkyActive-X engine technology and achieve even higher fuel efficiency and reduced emissions.
Electrification Efforts
Combining SkyActiv Technology with electric powertrains will help Mazda maximize sustainability and efficiency, extending its variety of electrified vehicles.
Advanced Materials Research
For forthcoming SkyActiv-Body and SkyActiv-Chassis designs, Mazda is looking at innovative lightweight materials and sustainable production techniques to maximize vehicle performance and environmental impact.
Connected and Autonomous Features
Future Mazda cars will use SkyActiv Technology to include sophisticated connection and autonomous driving technologies, enhancing the general driving experience, convenience, and safety.
While Mazda continues developing SkyActiv Technology, the focus remains on enhancing automobile engineering to meet global environmental problems and evolving customer demands. Embracing electrification, innovative materials, and intelligent technology will help Mazda rethink transportation by offering efficient, sustainable, technologically advanced, and pleasant vehicles.
Conclusion
Mazda's SkyActiv Technology blends environmental conscience with contemporary engineering. It's supposed to maximize fuel economy and reduce emissions without sacrificing performance or driving pleasure. By combining innovative engine designs, lightweight materials, and sophisticated chassis dynamics, Mazda promises that every car fitted with SkyActiv Technology offers a fantastic driving experience while lowering its environmental impact.
As Mazda keeps developing and enhancing its technology, the future presents even more possibilities for efficiency, sustainability, and technology integration, strengthening Mazda's will
to guide the path of automotive mobility responsibly.
FAQs
1. What is SkyActiv Technology?
Using innovative engine designs and lightweight construction, SkyActiv Technology Mazda's approach to enhancing vehicle performance and efficiency.
2. How does SkyActiv Technology improve fuel efficiency?
Maximizing combustion in engines like SkyActiv-G and SkyActiv-D lowers energy loss and emissions, increasing fuel efficiency.
3. What are the benefits of SkyActiv-Body and SkyActiv-Chassis?
Their lightweight yet strong vehicle architecture enhances performance, safety, fuel economy, and handling.
4. Why is SkyActiv Technology considered environmentally friendly?
Using creative engineering and materials helps to reduce pollution and protect fuel supplies.
5. Is SkyActiv Technology available in all Mazda models?
Indeed, Mazda incorporates SkyActiv Technology into every vehicle, resulting in better driving dynamics and efficiency.
Post Comment


text:
To understand the effect of irradiation on SiCp
/Al composites for aerospace electronic components packing substrates, 3 MeV Fe11+
beam was used to carry out irradiation experiments under different ion fluence. After irradiation, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and nano-indentation were used to characterize and analyze the materials. XRD analysis indicated that the stress of irradiated layer changed after Fe11+
ions' incidence. Combined with the corresponding theoretical model, the dislocation density of aluminum matrix was calculated. It was found that the dislocation density of aluminum matrix increased, and the SiC particles were amorphized after irradiation. The measurement of nano-indentation revealed that the irradiation hardening of the material increased with the increase of ion fluence. It can be deduced that the irradiation hardening may be due to the stress changes in aluminum alloy matrix leading to the generation of local high-density dislocation regions, which impedes the subsequent dislocation movements, and ultimately increases the hardness of the material.


What is compatibility rules?
The compatibility rules option is available only for pricing plans. Vendors can ensure that the customer can only select compatible components of their service based on their custom rules.
a. Select the Info icon, to check the explanation tooltip which describes how rules are applied. "Firstly, you create a new rule. After that, you choose that you want to control the compatibility of two controls. For example, let it be "Region" and "Internet speed". Then UI shows each combination (like "USA" and "1 tb/sec") in a table. And you are able to choose whether it's compatible choices or not. By default all options inside of rule are incompatible. If you have several rules related to the same control, we will show only options that are available in all rules".
b.The vendor is able to set up if there is a compatibility relation between two radio controls (or dropdown controls).
c. Vendor is able to mark options as compatible or not, It is possible to mark/unmark all compatibilities in one/two clicks
d. By selecting Add new rule, a new table will be added.
e. If the same two controls as in previous rules controls will be added in the "Add new rule" option, the following error message will appear. "You already have a rule for the combination of this control".
Was this article helpful?
0 out of 0 found this helpful
Add comment
Please sign in to leave a comment.


84EN/01-4
SHEET
CUST.
53/67
Details of each item are as follows. [Start Page No.] Group Set page number. [Page No.] Set beginning page numbers of the Bit Address Map print. An integer value can be set. In default, 1 is set. [Print Title] Group [Title] [Sub Title] [Print Range] Group [All] [Address] [Address Kind] [Using Address] [Details] Button Specify the title and the sub title printed when the frame print is specified. A title and a sub title can be specified up to 60 characters. Specify the title of the Bit Address Map print. In default, Bit Address Map is set. Specify the title of the Bit Address Map print. Any character string is not set in default. Set the range of the print. In default, [All] is checked. All are printed. Specify the range of the address, which you want to print. Refer to Table 5.3.8.10(b) for the specification of range. Specify the kind of the address, which you want to print. The plural items can be specified. Print only the address used. Default is checked. Specify a detailed setting of the Bit Address Map print. The Bit Address Map print detailed set dialog is displayed when selecting. Refer to 2 Bit Address Map print option detailed screen for details. Save the print option setting and preview the Bit Address Map print. This button is effective when any print item is selected. Save the print option setting and end the print option set dialog. Discontinue the print option setting and end the print option set dialog. Refer to help of the Bit Address Map print option.
[Preview] Button
[OK] Button [Cancel] Button [Help] Button
TITLE
FANUC OPEN CNC LADDER EDITING PACKAGE SUPPLEMENTARY OPERATORS MANUAL
01
EDIT
98.11.13
DATE
Ino
DESIG.
New making
DESCRIPTION
DRAW.NO.
B-62884EN/01-4
SHEET
CUST.
54/67
Table 5.3.8.10(b) Specification of address of Bit Address Map print table Address specification Example of key Output address Kind input Bit Address R1.0 Only the specified bit address Byte Address X10 Specified byte address (Contain the bit address) Address F10.0-F12.7 All addresses within Range specification the specified range F10-F20 All addresses within the specified range (2) Bit Address Map print option detailed screen
Fig, 5.3.8.10(c) Bit Address Map print option detailed screen Details of each item are as follows. [Page Feed] Specify if a form feed is inserted between different kinds of the addresses. Default is checked. [Use Address Mark] An arbitrary sign can be set in the used address mark. Specify one character. In default, @ is set.
TITLE
FANUC OPEN CNC LADDER EDITING PACKAGE SUPPLEMENTARY OPERATORS MANUAL
01
EDIT
98.11.13
DATE
Ino
DESIG.
New making
DESCRIPTION
DRAW.NO.
B-62884EN/01-4
SHEET
CUST.
55/67
5.3.8.11 Common Item Set the option of a Common Item.
Fig. 5.3.8.11 Common Item option set screen Details of each item are as follows. [Guidance Message Language] Group Specify the guide message language when the title and the system parameter are printed. [First Language] is checked in default and [First Language](combo box) is English. [First Language] Print in the language selected in the first language. [First/Second Language] Print in the languages selected in the First language and the Second language. [First Language] (combo box) Specify the first language. In default, "English is set. [Second Language] (combo box) Specify the second language. When [First/Second Language] is selected, it is possible to specify. In default, "English is set. [Print] Group Specify the cover page print. In default, [Cover] is not checked. [Cover] Specify the presence of the cover page. A file can be specified when this item is checked. The file can be selected with the File button. The format of the cover
TITLE
FANUC OPEN CNC LADDER EDITING PACKAGE SUPPLEMENTARY OPERATORS MANUAL
01
EDIT
98.11.13
DATE
Ino
DESIG.
New making
DESCRIPTION
DRAW.NO.
B-62884EN/01-4
SHEET
CUST.
56/67
page file which can be selected is a metafile. [OK] Button [Cancel] Button [Help] Button Save the print option setting and end the print option set dialog. Discontinue the print option setting and end the print option set dialog. Refer to help of the Common Item.
TITLE
FANUC OPEN CNC LADDER EDITING PACKAGE SUPPLEMENTARY OPERATORS MANUAL
01
EDIT
98.11.13
DATE
Ino
DESIG.
New making
DESCRIPTION
DRAW.NO.
B-62884EN/01-4
SHEET
CUST.
57/67
5.3.9 Printer set screen 5.3.9.1 Printer setting Set the printer.
Fig. 5.3.9.1 Printer set screen Details of each item are as follows. [Printer] Group The printer setting and display information. [Name] Set the printer used. Choose the Default Printer; or choose the Specific Printer option and select one of the current installed printers shown in the box. You install printers and configure ports using the Windows Control Panel. [Cond] Display the state of the selected printer. [Kind] Display the kind of the selected printer. [Spot] Display the place of the selected printer. [Cmnt] Display additional information on the selected printer. [OK] Button [Cancel] Button [Page] Button Save the printer setting and end printer dialog. Discontinue the printer setting and end printer dialog. Display print setting Dialog to set the number of lines per one form the margin, etc.. Refer to 5.3.9.2 - 5.3.9.6 for details.
TITLE
FANUC OPEN CNC LADDER EDITING PACKAGE SUPPLEMENTARY OPERATORS MANUAL
01
EDIT
98.11.13
DATE
Ino
DESIG.
New making
DESCRIPTION
DRAW.NO.
B-62884EN/01-4
SHEET
CUST.
58/67
5.3.9.2 Line Count Set the line count, and point of character/line, and font which can be printed on one page, when printing other than the Ladder Diagram and Step Sequence Diagram.
Fig. 5.3.9.2 Line Count set screen Details of each item are as follows. [Line Count] Specify the maximum number of lines, which can be printed on one page. Line Point and Font Size might be automatically adjusted according to Line Count. In default, 72 is set. [Char Point] Set the width of the character by point. Font Size might be automatically adjusted according to Char Point. In default, 10 is set. [Line Point] Set the height of one line by point. Line Count and Font Size might be automatically adjusted according to Line Point. In default, 10 is set. [Font] Group [Font Face] [Font Size] Specify font. Set the font face. In default, System is set. Set the font size. Line Count, Char Point and Line Point might be automatically adjusted according to Font Size. In default, 10 is set.
TITLE
FANUC OPEN CNC LADDER EDITING PACKAGE SUPPLEMENTARY OPERATORS MANUAL
01
EDIT
98.11.13
DATE
Ino
DESIG.
New making
DESCRIPTION
DRAW.NO.
B-62884EN/01-4
SHEET
CUST.
59/67
[Reset] Button [OK] Button [Cancel] Button [Help] Button
Reset all the items of Line Count page to the default. Save the print setting and end the print setting dialog. Discontinue the print setting and end the print setting dialog. Display the help of Line Count.
5.3.9.3 Line Count (Ladder) Set the line count printed on one page, and point of character/line, and font etc., when the Ladder Diagram and the Step Sequence Diagram is printed.
Fig. 5.3.9.3 Line Count (Ladder) set screen Details of each item are as follows. [Line Count] Specify the maximum number of lines, which can be printed on one page. Line Point and Font Size might be automatically adjusted according to Line Count. In default, 78 is set. [Char Point] Set the width of the character by point. Font Size might be automatically adjusted according to Char Point. In default, 9 is set.
TITLE
FANUC OPEN CNC LADDER EDITING PACKAGE SUPPLEMENTARY OPERATORS MANUAL
01
EDIT
98.11.13
DATE
Ino
DESIG.
New making
DESCRIPTION
DRAW.NO.
B-62884EN/01-4
SHEET
CUST.
60/67
[Line Point]
Set the height of one line by point. Line Count and Font Size might be automatically adjusted according to Line Point. In default, 9 is set. Specify font. Select Ladder Data for which the Font is set. Set the font face with which selected [Ladder Data] is printed. The all default is System. Set the font size with which selected [Ladder Data] is printed. Line Count, Char Point and Line Point might be automatically adjusted according to Font Size. The all default is 9. Reset all the items of Line Count(Ladder) page to the default. Save the print setting and end the print setting dialog. Discontinue the print setting and end the print setting dialog. Display the help of Line Count(Ladder).
[Font] Group [Ladder Data] [Font Face] [Font Size]
[Reset]


API for datalog - clojure-contrib v1.3 (in development)
by Jeffrey Straszheim
Full namespace name: clojure.contrib.datalog
Overview
A Clojure implementation of Datalog
Related documentation:
An Overview of Datalog
Public Variables and Functions
build-work-plan
function
Usage: (build-work-plan rules query)
Given a list of rules and a query, build a work plan that can be
used to execute the query.
Source
run-work-plan
function
Usage: (run-work-plan work-plan database query-bindings)
Given a work plan, a database, and some query bindings, run the
work plan and return the results.
Source
datalog.database
add-index
function
Usage: (add-index db name key)
Adds an index to an empty relation named name
Source
add-relation
function
Usage: (add-relation db name keys)
Adds a relation to the database
Source
add-tuple
function
Usage: (add-tuple db rel-name tuple)
 (add-tuple rel tuple)
Two forms:
[db relation-name tuple] adds tuple to the named relation. Returns
the new database.
[rel tuple] adds to the relation object. Returns the new relation.
Source
add-tuples
function
Usage: (add-tuples db & tupls)
Adds a collection of tuples to the db, as
(add-tuples db
 [:rel-name :key-1 1 :key-2 2]
 [:rel-name :key-1 2 :key-2 3])
Source
any-match?
function
Usage: (any-match? db rn pt)
Finds if there are any matching records for the partial tuple
Source
database-counts
function
Usage: (database-counts db)
Returns a map with the count of elements in each relation.
Source
database-merge
function
Usage: (database-merge dbs)
Merges databases together
Source
database-merge-parallel
function
Usage: (database-merge-parallel dbs)
Merges databases together in parallel
Source
datalog-relation
function
Usage: (datalog-relation schema data indexes)
Creates a relation
Source
ensure-relation
function
Usage: (ensure-relation db name keys indexes)
If the database lacks the named relation, add it
Source
get-relation
function
Usage: (get-relation db rel-name)
Get a relation object by name
Source
make-database
macro
Usage: (make-database & commands)
Makes a database, like this
(make-database
 (relation :fred [:mary :sue])
 (index :fred :mary)
 (relation :sally [:jen :becky])
 (index :sally :jen)
 (index :sally :becky))
Source
merge-relations
function
Usage: (merge-relations r1 r2)
Merges two relations
Source
remove-tuple
function
Usage: (remove-tuple db rel-name tuple)
 (remove-tuple rel tuple)
Two forms:
[db relation-name tuple] removes the tuple from the named relation,
returns a new database.
[rel tuple] removes the tuple from the relation. Returns the new
relation.
Source
replace-relation
function
Usage: (replace-relation db rel-name rel)
Add or replace a fully constructed relation object to the database.
Source
select
function
Usage: (select db rn pt)
finds all matching tuples to the partial tuple (pt) in the relation named (rn)
Source
datalog.literals
build-atom
function
Usage: (build-atom f type)
Returns an unevaluated expression (to be used in a macro) of an
atom.
Source
build-seed-bindings
function
Usage: (build-seed-bindings s)
Given a seed literal, already adorned and in magic form, convert
its bound constants to new variables.
Source
delta-literal
function
Usage: (delta-literal l)
Given a literal l, return a delta version
Source
get-adorned-bindings
function
Usage: (get-adorned-bindings pred)
Get the bindings from this adorned literal.
Source
get-base-predicate
function
Usage: (get-base-predicate pred)
Get the base predicate from this predicate.
Source
literal-magic?
function
Usage: (literal-magic? lit)
Is this literal magic?
Source
magic-literal
function
Usage: (magic-literal l)
Create a magic version of this adorned predicate.
Source
negated-literal
function
Usage: (negated-literal l)
Given a literal l, return a negated version
Source
negated?
function
Usage: (negated? l)
Is this literal a negated literal?
Source
positive?
function
Usage: (positive? l)
Is this a positive literal?
Source
project-literal
function
Usage: (project-literal db lit bs)
 (project-literal db lit bs var?)
Project a stream of bindings onto a literal/relation. Returns a new
db.
Source
datalog.magic
adorn-query
function
Usage: (adorn-query q)
Adorn a query
Source
adorn-rules-set
function
Usage: (adorn-rules-set rs q)
Adorns the given rules-set for the given query. (rs) is a
rules-set, (q) is an adorned query.
Source
build-partial-tuple
function
Usage: (build-partial-tuple q bindings)
Given a query and a set of bindings, build a partial tuple needed
to extract the relation from the database.
Source
magic-transform
function
Usage: (magic-transform rs)
 (magic-transform rs i-preds)
Return a magic transformation of an adorned rules-set (rs). The
(i-preds) are the predicates of the intension database. These
default to the predicates within the rules-set.
Source
seed-predicate-for-insertion
function
Usage: (seed-predicate-for-insertion q)
Given a query, return the predicate to use for database insertion.
Source
seed-relation
function
Usage: (seed-relation q)
Given a magic form of a query, give back the literal form of its seed
relation
Source
seed-rule
function
Usage: (seed-rule q)
Given an adorned query, give back its seed rule
Source
datalog.rules
<-
macro
Usage: (<- hd & body)
Build a datalog rule. Like this:
(<- (:head :x ?x :y ?y) (:body-1 :x ?x :y ?y) (:body-2 :z ?z) (not! :body-3 :x ?x) (if > ?y ?z))
Source
?-
macro
Usage: (?- & q)
Define a datalog query
Source
all-predicates
function
Usage: (all-predicates rs)
Given a rules-set, return all defined predicates
Source
apply-rule
function
Usage: (apply-rule db rule)
 (apply-rule db-1 db-2 rule)
Apply the rule against db-1, adding the results to the appropriate
relation in db-2. The relation will be created if needed.
Source
compute-sip
function
Usage: (compute-sip bindings i-preds rule)
Given a set of bound column names, return an adorned sip for this
rule. A set of intensional predicates should be provided to
determine what should be adorned.
Source
display-query
function
Usage: (display-query query)
Return a query in a readable format.
Source
display-rule
function
Usage: (display-rule rule)
Return the rule in a readable format.
Source
is-safe?
function
Usage: (is-safe? rule)
Is the rule safe according to the datalog protocol?
Source
make-rules-set
function
Usage: (make-rules-set rs)
Given an existing set of rules, make it a 'rules-set' for
printing.
Source
non-base-rules
function
Usage: (non-base-rules rs)
Return a collection of rules that depend, somehow, on other rules
Source
predicate-map
function
Usage: (predicate-map rs)
Given a rules-set, return a map of rules keyed by their predicates.
Each value will be a set of rules.
Source
return-rule-data
function
Usage: (return-rule-data rule)
Returns an untypted rule that will be fully printed
Source
rules-set
function
Usage: (rules-set & rules)
Given a collection of rules return a rules set
Source
datalog.softstrat
build-soft-strat-work-plan
function
Usage: (build-soft-strat-work-plan rs q)
Return a work plan for the given rules-set and query
Source
get-all-relations
function
Usage: (get-all-relations ws)
Return a set of all relation names defined in this workplan
Source
datalog.util
is-query-var?
function
Usage: (is-query-var? sym)
Is this a query variable: e.g. a symbol prefixed with ??
Source
is-var?
function
Usage: (is-var? sym)
Is this a logic variable: e.g. a symbol prefixed with a ?
Source
keys-to-vals
function
Usage: (keys-to-vals m ks)
Given a map and a collection of keys, return the collection of vals
Source
map-values
function
Usage: (map-values f hash)
Like map, but works over the values of a hash map
Source


text:
Titel: Storing Tooth Segments for Optimal Esthetics
Auteurs: T. Tuzuner, S. Turgut, B. Ozen, H. Kılınç, B. Bagiş
Journal: J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2016;40(2):113-7. doi: 10.17796/_PHONE_.2.113.
OBJECTIVE: A fractured whole crown segment can be reattached to its remnant; crowns from extracted teeth may be used as pontics in splinting techniques. We aimed to evaluate the effect of different storage solutions on tooth segment optical properties after different durations.
STUDY DESIGN: Sixty central incisor crowns were divided into 6 groups (n = 10); Group 1 was kept dry; Groups 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 were placed in an isotonic solution, water, milk, saliva, and casein-phosphopeptide-amorphous-calcium-phosphate (CPP-ACP), respectively, for 30 min, 12 h, 1 day, 1 week, and 3 weeks. Color values were measured using a colorimeter. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis tests, Mann-Whitney U-tests, and Friedman Wilcoxon tests with Bonferroni stepwise corrections (p < 0.05).
RESULTS: ΔE* values varied from 0.3 to 15.3 over the 3 week period. Group 1 demonstrated the greatest color changes over all durations; Group 6 exhibited the least. L*, a*, b*, and ΔE* values varied between time periods in all groups; the differences were significant (p < 0.01), except for L* and ΔE* values in Group 2 and a* values in Group 6 (p > 0.01). Comparing ΔE* values, Group 6 was significantly different from the other groups for all durations (p < 0.01), except Group 4.
CONCLUSIONS: A CPP-ACP complex solution seems a good choice for tooth fragment storage. Milk and saliva solutions may cause perceptible color changes if tooth fragments are stored for 3 weeks before use.


text:
GIVING a whole new meaning to ''pregnancy brain'', a study shows that male DNA - likely left over from pregnancy with a male foetus - can persist in a woman's brain throughout her life.
Although the biological impact of this foreign DNA is unclear, the study also found that women with more male DNA in their brains were less likely to have suffered from Alzheimer's disease - hinting that the male DNA could help protect the mothers from the disease, the researchers say.
During mammalian pregnancy, the mother and foetus exchange DNA and cells. Previous work has shown that fetal cells can linger in the mother's blood and bone for decades, a condition researchers call fetal microchimerism. The lingering of the fetal DNA, research suggests, may be a mixed blessing for a mother: the cells may benefit the mother's health by promoting tissue repair and improving the immune system, but they might also cause adverse effects, such as autoimmune reactions.
One question is how leftover fetal cells affect the brain. Researchers have shown that fetal microchimerism occurs in mouse brains, but they had not shown this in humans.
A team led by the autoimmunity researcher and rheumatologist Lee Nelson, of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Centre in Seattle, took samples from autopsied brains of 59 women who died between the ages of 32 and 101. By testing for a gene specific to the Y chromosome, they found evidence of male DNA in the brains of 63 per cent of the women. (The researchers did not have the history of the women's pregnancies.) The male DNA was scattered across multiple brain regions, the team reports.
Some studies have suggested that the risk of Alzheimer's disease increases with an increasing number of pregnancies, therefore the team also examined the brains for signs of the disease. This allowed them to determine whether Alzheimer's correlated with the observed microchimerism.
Of the 59 women, 33 had Alzheimer's - but contrary to the team's expectation, the women with the disease had significantly less male DNA in their brains than the 26 women who did not have it.
Whether that correlation means that fetal male DNA helps protect women against Alzheimer's disease is unclear.
''To me, this suggests that the presence of fetal cells in the female brain prevents disease,'' says cardiologist Hina Chaudhry of Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City.
In a study published online in Circulation Research late last year, Chaudhry and her colleagues found that fetal cells in mice migrated to the mother's heart, differentiated into functioning cardiac cells, and accelerated repair to damaged heart tissue. So, Chaudhry says, a similar thing could be happening when fetal cells migrate to the brain. ''I would bet these cells are getting into the maternal brain and are able to differentiate into neurons.''
A 2010 study in Stem Cells and Development showed that fetal cells can migrate to the brain of a mother mouse and mature into neurons, Nelson says. But, she adds, it remains unclear if something similar is happening in humans and it's also difficult to reach any firm conclusions about a potential link between microchimerism and Alzheimer's disease.
Part of the problem is that her team had little information about the pregnancy histories of the women in their study. ''We have to say we really don't know,'' she says. ''I hope that kind of work can be done in the future, but it's very difficult to do with human samples.''