][6] Males may also produce a soft coughing call, although this call is less frequent.[4] Females will emit a soft errrr note when she is inciting a male.[4]
Feeding habits[edit]
All pochards have similar diets that include both plant and animal materials. Redheads undergo a niche switch when breeding and when wintering. During the breeding season, redheads will eat as much animal matter as possible, including gastropods, mollusks and insect larvae.[4][5] They will eat the occasional grass and other emergent vegetation.[5] However, once they fly south, redheads will change their diet to include mostly plant material, including pondweeds, wild rice, wild celery, wigeon grass, bulrushes, muskgrass and shoal grass.[4][5]
Gastropods known as food of Aythya americana include: Acteocina canaliculata, Acteon punctostriatus, Anachis avara, Anachis obesa, Caecum nitidum, Calliostoma sp., Cerithidea pliculosa, Cerithium lutosum, Crepidula convexa, Diastoma varium, Melanella sp., Mitrella lunata, Nassarius acutus, Nassarius vibex, Natica sp., Neritina virginea, Odostomia trifida, Olivella minuta, Olivella watermani, Polinices sp., Pyramidellidae, Pyrgocythara plicosa, Rissoina catesbyana, Sayella livida, Turbonilla sp., Turbonilla interrupta and Vitrinella sp.[12]
References[edit]
 1. ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Aythya americana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
 2. ^ Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 44, 64. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
 3. ^ a b c Livezey, Bradley C. (1996-01-01). "A Phylogenetic Analysis of Modern Pochards (Anatidae: Aythyini)". The Auk 113 (1): 74–93. doi:10.2307/_PHONE_.
 4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Johnsgard, P.A. (1975). Waterfowl of North America. Waterfowl of North America: Indiana University Press.
 5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Johnson, W.P.; Lockwood, M. (2013). Texas Waterfowl. College Station (TX): Texas A & M University Press.
 6. ^ a b c d e Johnsgard, P.A. (1965). Handbook of Waterfowl Behavior. Ithaca (NY): Comstock Pub. Associates.
 7. ^ a b Yerkes, T. (2000). "Nest-Site Characteristics and Brood-Habitat Selection of Redheads: An Association between Wetland Characteristics and Success". Wetlands.
 8. ^ a b c Baldassarre, G.A.; Bolen, E.G.; Saunders, D.A. (1994). Waterfowl Ecology and Management. New York: J. Wiley.
 9. ^ a b c d e Mitchell Custer, C. (1993). 13.1. 11. Life History Traits and Habitat Needs of the Redhead. Waterfowl Management Handbook, 40.
 10. ^ a b c Woodin, Marc C. and Thomas C. Michot. 2002. Redhead (Aythya americana), The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: _URL_ doi:10.2173/bna.695
 11. ^ Woodin, Marc. C.; Michot, Thomas C. (2015). "Redhead Aythya americana Order ANSERIFORMES – Family ANATIDAE". The Birds Of North America Online. CORNELL LAB OF ORNITHOLOGY and the AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS' UNION. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
 12. ^ Michot, T. C.; Woodin, M. C.; Nault, A. J. (2008). "Food habits of redheads (Aythya americana) wintering in seagrass beds of coastal Louisiana and Texas, USA" (PDF). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 54 (Suppl. 1): 239–250.
External links[edit]


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the unique solution such that. Then, the dogleg step approximates the optimal TRS solution of (4.1) by the next rule:
4.6 Stopping criterion
The RGN-HR method is halted based on a multi-component stopping criterion involving parameters; the first are standard: an absolute tolerance on the objective function value, a relative tolerance on the improvement of the objective function value, a relative tolerance on the step size, and a maximum number of iterations. The last parameter specifies the maximum number of restarts (see Section 5).
Specifically, the method halts in the th iteration if either
where are the factor matrices corresponding to the norm-balanced representatives. If neither of these conditions is satisfied after iterations or after restarts, then the method halts.
5 The hot restarts strategy
The main motivation for adding the trust region scheme to (quasi-)Newton methods consists of obtaining a globally convergent method that still has a local superlinear rate of convergence. In principle, the trust region mechanism can handle ill-conditioned Hessian approximations, where is as in (4.5), without special considerations. However, we observed in practice that the RGN with trust region method progressed very slowly near ill-conditionened 's.
In the following, we analyze the geometry of decompositions inducing singular Hessian approximations. The main conclusion is that these decompositions should be avoided altogether. Specifically, we believe that one should generally escape ill-conditioned Hessian approximations as quickly as possible. Several techniques for this were considered before in the context of the CPD, notably by extrapolating previous search directions [7, 44, 19, 13], using stochastic gradient-descent algorithms, using the true Hessian, or exploiting third-order information [38, 5]. Notwithstanding extensive experimentation,444We performed preliminary experiments with regularization, using the true Hessian, switching to steepest descent or conjugate gradients near ill-conditioned decompositions, and a simple randomization procedure wherein a multiple of a random vector is added to the dogleg direction in which the weight increases as the decomposition becomes more ill-conditioned. we found that the following Monte Carlo approach typically resulted in the best results: randomly sample nearby points of on until one is found with a reasonably well-conditioned Hessian approximation. The specific details of this hot restarts scheme are stated in Algorithm LABEL:alg_hot_restarts, which is executed before computing the dogleg step in (4.7).
algocf[tb] \[email protected]
5.1 Recognizing ill-conditioned decompositions
For determining if a decomposition is ill-conditioned, one could compute or approximate the least singular value of. For computational efficiency, however, we prefer relying on properties of the Cholesky decomposition, where is lower triangular. Since for any matrix, where is the th smallest eigenvalue in magnitude, and as, we have where we used in the first inequality, as is easily proved, and in the last step the fact that the diagonal entries of a triangular matrix are its eigenvalues. Moreover, a breakdown will occur while computing the Cholesky decomposition if is ill-conditioned [28, p. 200]. For these reasons, we apply a hot restart if a breakdown occurred or if one of the diagonal elements of is less than, so ; see line 5 of Algorithm LABEL:alg_hot_restarts. After executing Algorithm LABEL:alg_hot_restarts, the Cholesky decomposition is reused for efficiently solving in the dogleg step via backsubstitutions.
The constants appearing in line of Algorithm LABEL:alg_hot_restarts were empirically chosen. We choose in function of the relative residual, for the following reason. If the relative residual is small, one hopes to be close to a global optimizer, so spending computational resources to search an acceptable decomposition in a small radius about is justified. However, if ill-conditioning is already encountered when, then our experiments suggested that aggressively restarting, i.e., Monte Carlo sampling with a large, was the most cost-effective strategy. As long as a satisfyingly well-conditioned decomposition is not sampled, is gradually increased.
In this subsection, we argue why CPDs with a singular Hessian approximation are troublesome for the RGN method. From the properties of Gram matrices, we have the following connection between from (2.2) and :

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


and the fastest in the last heat. This does not mean that the 9-year olds are actually competing against 16-year olds or older as once all the heats are swum the swimmer's times are sorted into the individual age groups and medals awarded accordingly. Where an event is Heat Declared Winner there are no Finals.
Q. Why does the official time on the results sheet differ from that recorded by the timekeeper?
At a Meet where there is no electronic timing (AOE) such as the Club Championships the only official times are those decided on by the referee having first considered the time recorded by the timekeepers. The placing recorded by the finish judges and the referee and approved by the referee take precedence over the manual times of the timekeepers and as a result it may be necessary to adjust the times to fit in with the placings.
Often one will see two or more swimmers with official times which are identical, but this does not (unless the result sheet specifically states) mean that the swimmers finished tied with the same time. It merely means that the manual times recorded by the timekeeper showed the swimmer who finished ahead of the other as having a slower time - so in order to make sense of the placing the difference between the times is averaged so that the faster swimmer will be placed ahead of the slower swimmer albeit with same time.


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Georesources Management (B.Sc.)Copyright: IML RWTH Aachen
The geoscientific course of study "Georesources Management" provides beside scientific basics (mathematics, physics, chemistry), space-time connections of complex systems. It offers a unique feature with interdisciplinary training in economics and law. The course of study originates in geology and mineralogy and deals with resources and complex processes of the earth. Besides the sphere of activity, the course of study can be distinguished from "Applied Geography" by specific geoscientific content. On the contrary, the geoscientific content is even more distinct in the degree course "Applied Earth Sciences". The Masterīs degree programs "Georesource Management", "Applied Earth Sciences" and "Applied Geophysics" are non-consecutive courses in a bachelorīs degree in applied Earth Sciences or Georesource Management.


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The hydraulic simulation software application, THESEUS, is intended as a digital repository of all necessary documentation regarding the hydraulic system in a single platform.
THESEUS is currently being developed to assist in simulating and planning operations on a hydraulic system. It's goal is to achieve high speed and precision, thus ensuring the safety of the operations being planned.
The hydraulic operation simulation software will make it possible to:
- Simulate in advance the operations on the different plant sections, ensuring reliable and efficient management of hydraulic procedures
- Upload the documentation for each individual component (manuals, instructions, images, etc.)
- Geolocate each individual component to support field operations
- Generate exhaustive reports of the operations to be carried out to perform safety manoeuvres

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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In this work, New composite material was developed from marble and granite waste , the unit for recycling of marble and granite wastes was designed, the prototype was tested in manufacturing of thermoplastic based composite from marble and granite wastes respectively, the main characteristics of both composite materials were measured, the structure of the new composite materials were determined by SEM, the composition were determined by EDX analysis, the particle size and elemental analysis were evaluated by the same technique, the volume resistivity and abrasive wear was evaluated. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) was measured to determine the operation temperature of the new composite materials. Thermal conductivity of new composite material was calculated from the role of mixture. The main applications of the new composite materials were mentioned according to the characteristics measured.
"Characteristics of Micro and Nano Composite from Marble and Granite Wastes,"
International Journal of Thin Film Science and Technology: Vol. 10
, PP -.
Available at: _URL_


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The STC3115 battery fuel-gauge IC uses Coulomb counting to monitor energy entering and leaving the battery and periodic voltage-mode state-of-charge measurements to adjust the Coulomb counter for accuracy. Aging and temperature compensation are built in, and the voltage measurement accuracy is 0.25%. An adaptive algorithm, OptimGauge, tracks the state of charge to correct the battery model and measures initial battery open-circuit voltage and prevents measurement disruptions when connecting the charger or launching an application.
The STC3115 battery fuel-gauge IC suits high-volume handheld electronics including smartphones, laptops and digital cameras. Additional features include a low-power mode that reduces operating current to only 0.45 µA while continuing to monitor the battery, and a 2µA standby mode. An Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) filter prevents short-term fluctuations in battery voltage from causing unwanted system resets. (From $0.95 ea/1,000 – available now.)
Learn more about STMicroelectronics


Feds get low information security grades from CSIA
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Despite some steps to improve the national information security infrastructure, the federal government earned low grades in the subject from one advocacy group.
The Cyber Security Industry Alliance (CSIA) gave the federal government a "D" in three prominent information security areas: security of sensitive information, security and resiliency of critical information infrastructure and federal information assurance.
The organization also urged the Bush Administration and Congress to implement legislation to protect sensitive information and critical infrastructure.
Recent personal information exposures should cue lawmakers to do more to protect consumers' personal data, Liz Gasster, CSIA acting executive director and general counsel, told SCMagazine.com today.
"What we are really talking about here is the need for a comprehensive approach to protect personal data, wherever that data might be," she said. "Congress could take a huge step by passing a law that would protect data wherever it might rest, and it would benefit the public sector and the private sector."
The CSIA gave the feds poor grades on securing sensitive information because Congress failed to pass a comprehensive law protecting personal data, and a "D" on protecting critical infrastructure because the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has not offered a clear agenda on cybersecurity priorities or established a coordination network.
The government fared poorly on information assurance because it needs improvement in "procurement, resolving systemic telework issues and releasing information on the cost of cyberattacks," according to a CSIA statement.
The organization called on Congress to pass a comprehensive federal breach notification act and work with the administration to strengthen the Federal Information Security Management Act.
The CSIA also urged DHS to establish cybersecurity and telecommunications priorities.
Click here to email Online Editor Frank Washkuch Jr.
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Salto - Historical records have illustrated the presence of an indigenous village of Guaianás or Guaianazes, Tupi-Guarani, near the waterfall, which they called Ytu Guaçu – big fall in their native language. At the end of the seventeenth century, the territory of Salto was a private property, Sítio Cachoeira, part of São Vicente. With the discovery of gold in Cuiabá, in the early eighteenth century, the region worked as a turning point for those inner regions of the colony. Politically, the arrival of the republic coincided with the separation of the city from Itu, with administrative autonomy. The name was simplified to Salto back in 1917.
Tourist attractions: Parque de Lavras (park), museum of the city of Salto and waterfall.


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The ISIE awards committee is very pleased to announce that the 2021 Society Prize of the International Society of Industrial Ecology is awarded to Professor Shinichiro Nakamura of Waseda University in Tokyo for his outstanding contributions for advancing the science of industrial ecology as an interdisciplinary field of research.
Professor Nakamura has led the development and application of the waste input–output (WIO) approach. His unique contribution includes the development of the WIO framework, the compilation of databases, and their application to the evaluation of the environmental and economic aspects of waste management and resource recovery policies. His novel approach has made it possible, for the first time, to analyse the generation, treatment, and recycling of waste and by-products in an integrated economy-wide framework. In doing so he moved the focus from an end-of-life perspective of waste management to a whole of supply chain perspective encouraging sustainable materials management. This has innovated the way in which businesses and policy makers are conceptualizing materials management and has spearheaded circular economy thinking.
Professor Nakamura has also contributed to the development of material flow accounting and analysis as a tool for policy. He developed novel methodologies and was able to demonstrate their practical usefulness. Designing a dynamic MFA model enabled tracing the fate of materials across regions over time in open-loop recycling, with explicit consideration of the quality of recovered scrap and produced material in terms of their elemental composition. Applying this to metals has created a knowledge base for the promotion of urban mining and advanced recycling.
In addition to his scientific innovations Professor Nakamura has been a pioneer of industrial ecology education in Japan and globally. He established industrial ecology courses at the Faculty of Political Science and Economics at Waseda University in 2011 which was one of the first industrial ecology courses in Japan. Using the opportunity of the European Union's Erasmus Mundus Master's Programme he contributed to the global reach of industrial ecology education. His devotion to the science and teaching of industrial ecology was also mired by his service to the scientific community as a conference chair and associated editor of the Journal of Industrial Ecology.
We congratulate Professor Nakamura to his achievements advancing industrial ecology and invite you to attend the Society Prize Lecture on 3 November 2021 offering an opportunity to celebrate the awardee and to jointly reflect on his scientific journey.


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Optimal oral health for all Medicaid, Medicare and Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) beneficiaries.
To improve Medicaid, Medicare, and CHIP oral health programs by collaborating with key stakeholders, sharing resources and disseminating innovative strategies.
MSDA seeks opportunities to:
- Provide state and national leadership in the development of sound Medicaid/CHIP oral health policy.
- Provide a support system to state and national Medicaid/CHIP dental program representatives.
- Encourage innovation and collaboration among state and national Medicaid/CHIP dental program representatives.
- Promote the integration of oral health and primary care in Medicaid/CHIP programs.
- Promote an appropriate balance between the prevention and treatment of oral diseases and condition
For more information about MSDA please visit _URL_


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- dongle •
dawng-gêl • Hear it!
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: 1. A piece of hardware that must be plugged into a computer port in order for a copyrighted piece of software to operate on the computer. Its purpose is to protect the software from unauthorized use. 2. An adapter that fits into a computer port to provide a function or connection the computer is not fitted for.
Notes: Dongles in the original sense are still used for high-end (high-priced) engineering software where the temptation to "borrow" the program is the greatest. However, no doubt because of the sound similarity of this word and dangle, the meaning has already shifted to something that dangles from your laptop or desk computer. None of our tech guys have heard this new word used as a verb, so the only variant we know of at this point is the plural, dongles.
In Play: Putting this word in play sounds rather dangerous but here goes nothing: "Mick Stupp is off line today because he lost his dongle; he needs it for his Internet connection." Where can we go with this word from here? I don't think we will ever greet friends with, "How are your dongles dangling," so this word will probably never be used outside Nerdish like this: "I do love you, Amanda, but you make me feel more like a dongle than a major card on your motherboard." (Did you just moan or was that Shakespeare turning over in his grave?)
Word History: oday?s Good Word has a very short history. It was first the name of a chip for the Apple ][+ computer, introduced in 1979, a chip that was required to prevent unauthorized use of Apple's first accounting program (thank you Pierre Laberge). It is easy to see that this word might have been an intentional variant pronunciation of dangle. However, as the definitions above make clear, the original dongle didn?t dangle. In all probability, the word was made up, then gained wider currency as dongles did begin to dangle and the word made more sense to the general population. (We won?t leave you dangling any longer: Patricia Castellanos was the person kind enough to suggest today?s Good Word.)
Come visit our website at for more Good Words and other language resources!


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Bring Your Kids' Drawings To Life In An Interactive Game
Osmo's new iPad app takes storytelling to a whole new level by letting readers put their art directly into the narrative
If you've ever read Harold and the Magic Crayon, you might have wished for the ability to create things just by drawing them. App developer Osmo brings kids one step closer to that reality by creating a game that brings drawings to life on the iPad.
Monster is a new app that makes anything a child draws a digital reality, converting images on a board into objects in the game itself. The iPad first has to be connected to a stand and the dry erase board placed in front of the tablet. The mascot, named Mo, asks players to draw a specific item, like a magic wand or an apple, to take part in the story. Once the player is done, they tap a button and Mo brings the drawing onto the screen, exactly as it was drawn on the tablet. The way it works is that the iPad's camera scans the drawing on the table, which is enabled by the red piece that is placed over the top of the tablet.
The game is designed to interact with kids through a questions and answers format, as well as saving masterpieces in the gallery. Osmo co-founder Jerome Scholler tells Wired that the game is meant to take the typical entertainment interactions with children to the next level:
"It sort of started with Sesame Street, when the puppets would ask a question to the audience and rhetorically wait for the audience to answer. Monster is taking this one step further where Mo actually uses the kid's input into his world."
The creative kit, with the dry erase board and markers as well as two other Osmo games, is available on their website for $49. The game currently has a 'magic show' activity, with two other unnamed activities to be released in the near future.
If you want to see how a monster helps to bring artistic creations to life, watch the video below:


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Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences
Biofilm commonly forms on the surfaces of cellulosic biomass but its roles in cellulose degradation remain largely unexplored. We used Bacillus subtilis to study possible mechanisms and the contributions of two major biofilm components, extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) and TasA protein, to submerged biofilm formation on cellulose and its degradation. We found that biofilm produced by B. subtilis is able to absorb exogenous cellulase added to the culture medium and also retain self-produced cellulase within the biofilm matrix. The bacteria that produced more biofilm degraded more cellulose compared to strains that produced less biofilm. Knockout strains that lacked both EPS and TasA formed a smaller amount of submerged biofilm on cellulose than the wild-type strain and also degraded less cellulose. Imaging of biofilm on cellulose suggests that bacteria, cellulose, and cellulases form cellulolytic biofilm complexes that facilitate synergistic cellulose degradation. This study brings additional insight into the important functions of biofilm in cellulose degradation and could potentiate the development of biofilm-based technology to enhance biomass degradation for biofuel production.
Wang, S. Y.
(2022). Sorption of Cellulases in Biofilm Enhances Cellulose Degradation by Bacillus subtilis. Microorganisms, 10(8).
Available at: _URL_


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A procedure was devised for the preparation of enriched populations of subcellular organelles from homogenized bovine spleen. The fractions obtained were characterized for arysulfatase, succinate dehydrogenase, UDPgalactosyltransferase and 5′-nucleotidase activities. The distribution of sialidase (acylneuraminyl hydrolase, EC 22.214.171.124) activity directed towards either endogenous substrate or exogenous ganglioside substrate suggests that it is enriched in the plasma membrane/microsomal fractions. Sialidase activity towards exogenous sialoglycoproteins, isolated from erythrocyte membranes, was enriched in the least dense of the plasma membrane/microsomal-containing fractions. The endogenous sialidase substrates were primarily the sialoglycolipids, hematoside and disialogangliosides. At the pH optimum, 3.8 and 37°C, release of endogeneous sialic acid was linear with time for 3 h. At the end of this time, 85% or more of the available endogenous substrate was hydrolyzed.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- General Medicine


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Loved for their bright and colorful flowers, Rhododendrons are making a major comeback in terms of being one of the most commonly sought after plants for contemporary gardens.
Whether planted as a single source of color and adornment or planted in a row to create a privacy screen, this beautiful sibling of the azalea is capable of fulfilling a wide range of functions. The main question on most people's minds, however, is just how quickly do Rhododendrons grow?
Unfortunately, there is no single answer to this question. Rather it depends on the specific type of Rhododendron, of which there are over 800 species! This article will break down the four categories of plant size, allowing you to know which type is right for you.
Additionally, a list of optimum growing conditions will allow you to ensure you get the best results from whatever Rhododendron you choose to put into your garden.
Four Size Categories of Rhododendron
Due to the vast number of species and the variety of qualities they possess, it is impossible to classify Rhododendrons into a single category of size, shape and behavior.
However, they can be grouped into four different size categories, each reaching their maximum height in 10 years—the average time it takes a Rhododendron plant to reach maturity. These categories are as follows:
- Rhododendrons up to 1 foot in size
Otherwise known as miniature Rhododendrons, these variations rarely grow above 12 inches in height. Resembling ground cover more than the bushes or trees most people envision when they hear the name Rhododendron, they nevertheless produce the same vibrant and colorful flowers as their taller counterparts.
Miniature varieties include Rhododendron "impeditum", which produces blue flowers, R. "Chikor" and "Little Lou" which produce yellow flowers, and R. "Cliff Garland" which produces the more traditional pink flowers.
Each of these only grows about 0.5 inches per year until reaching full height in 10 years.
- Rhododendrons up to 3 feet in size
The next category of Rhododendrons contains the varieties that grow between 1 to 3 feet in total height. These are used as ornamental plants in flower and rock gardens, and are commonly referred to as dwarf Rhododendrons.
Varieties in this category include Rhododendron "PJM Elite", with purple flowers, R. "Baden Baden" and "Scarlet Wonder", both producing bright red flowers and R."Cappuccino" and "September Snow", both with pink blooms.
These plants generally grow about 3 inches per year, reaching their maximum height of up to 36 inches in 10 years.
- Rhododendrons up to 6 feet in size
Anyone who wants to grow a hedge for privacy will probably choose one of the more common varieties of Rhododendron which grow up to 6 feet in total height.
These plants will grow as wide as they do tall, which makes them look like a cross between a tree and a shrub. Varieties of this category include Rhododendron "America", "Burma" and "Nova Zembla", each with bright red flowers, R. "Anah Kruschke" and "Cadis", producing colorful purple flowers and R. "Furnival's Daughter" and "Van", bearing pink blossoms.
Each of these varieties can grow an average of between 6 to 8 inches per year, reaching full height in 10 years' time.
- Rhododendrons over 6 feet in size
Finally there is the category of Rhododendron giants, any variety that grows over 6 feet in total height. The fact of the matter is that this category is the broadest, including trees that grow as high as 80 feet in total!
However, many cover the 8 to 10 foot range, making them more compatible with most gardening and landscaping needs. Varieties in this category include the red flowering Rhododendron "Caractacus", the purple flowering R. "Whidbey Island", the yellow flowering R. "Binfield", and R. "Mother of Pearl" and "Mount Everest", boasting bright white blooms.
Each of these types can grow as much as 1 foot per year, reaching 10 or more feet in a 10 year span.
Optimum growing conditions
As with any plant, regardless of type or size, maximum growth rates are only achieved when optimum growing conditions are present.
These conditions include sunlight, temperature and water, and only the right amount of each will allow any Rhododendron to reach its full potential. The best growing conditions for Rhododendrons include:
- Partial or gentle sunlight
All varieties of Rhododendron require at least partial sunlight to thrive. Morning sunlight is ideal, as it is less harsh than the afternoon sun.
In the event that afternoon sun exposure is unavoidable, plant your Rhododendron under tall trees whose limbs can provide decent shade from direct afternoon sunlight.
- Plenty of water
Rhododendrons are not suited for desert or arid climates. Instead, they thrive in wetter climates such as the Northeastern United States, Great Britain, and other areas where rainfall is abundant.
Since Rhododendrons have shallow root systems, mulch is recommended for helping to prevent the soil from drying out.
- Mild temperatures
While many hybrid varieties have been created in order to better survive more extreme temperatures, both in terms of heat and cold, most varieties of Rhododendron prefer a more moderate climate.
Additionally, they should never be used to provide a block against harsh winds as such conditions can cause serious damage to the plants. Make sure to check the hardiness zone rating on a plant to make sure it will thrive in your region.
Now that you know the answer for the question how fast do Rhododendrons grow? The different Rhododendron size categories you can make a better decision regarding which variety is right for you and your needs.
With a 10 year maturation rate, a good rule of thumb for determining how fast a particular plant will grow in a single year is to simply divide the maximum height by 10.
Finally, by ensuring that your Rhododendron has the optimum growing conditions you can help it reach its full growing potential, both in terms of size and speed.


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A "printing plate," sometimes referred to as a "production plate," is the practice of organizing the pieces of a multi-part print so that several parts will fit onto a build area. They help streamline printing and production by reducing the number of separate printing tasks. Organizing your multi-part print onto plates is a relatively easy design trick for improving your speed of production. Here are a few tips in case you're doing this:
- Draw a square or rectangle the shape of your build platform into the design. Try to organize your parts onto that square1 and delete the square when done. 2
- Start by placing the largest piece onto a square, then adding the largest piece you can manage to the plate. Add as many little pieces as you can around the larger parts.
- If you are printing slot-together parts, you can safely mirror or flip the pieces. Once printed, they'll be functionally identical whether they were printed face-up or face-down.
- Packing parts together can actually reduce warping and curling. You may find that the extra parts will either provide apron-like mechanical advantages by holding down corners or thermal walls.
- If certain parts need to be printed multiple times, put them with other parts that need to be printed multiple times. In the case of Dino-Girl's spidersaur, it has two different kinds of legs – four identical long legs and four identical shorter legs. It also had a body panel and a fang part that needed to be printed twice each. I created one plate with a long leg, a short leg, and the body panel and another plate with a long leg, short leg, and the fang part. If you print each of those plates twice, you end up with four long legs, four short legs, two body panels, and two fang parts.
- Ask for help! I had a lot of trouble organizing the last five parts onto the fifth printing plate. I enlisted the help of two other Thingiverse citizens, Syvwlch and Renosis, in organizing this plate. They each solved it in a nearly identical fashion in far less time than I had spent trying to figure it out.
- Use a stepper extruder. If you're packing parts in closely together, you're going to want the kind of fine-grain control a MK6 stepper extruder can provide.
What other tips do you have for creating printing plates?
|Tagged with||cupcake, kliment, mendel, plate, plates, printing plate, printing plates, production files, production plates, prusa, prusa mendel||4 comments|


Introducing NIO.2 (JSR 203) Part 6: Filtering directory content and walking over a file tree
In this part we will look at how the directory tree walker and the directory stream reader works. These two features are another couple of long requested features which was not included in the core java before Java 7. First, lets see what directory stream reader is, this API allows us to filter content of a directory on the file system and extract the file names that matches our filter criteria. The feature works for very large folders with thousands of files. For filtration we can use PathMatcher expression matching the file name or we can filter the directory content based on the different file attributes. for example based on the file permissions or the file size. Following sample code shows how to use the DirectoryStream along with filtering. For using the PathMatcher expression we can just use another overload of the newDirectoryStream method which accepts the PathMatcher expression instead of the filter.
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public class DirectoryStream2 {
 public static void main(String args\[\]) throws IOException {
 //Getting default file system and getting a path
 FileSystem fs = FileSystems.getDefault();
 Path p = fs.getPath("/usr/bin");
 //creating a directory streamer filter
 DirectoryStream.Filter
 filter = new DirectoryStream.Filter
() {
 public boolean accept(Path file) throws IOException {
 long size = Attributes.readBasicFileAttributes(file).size();
 String perm = PosixFilePermissions.toString(Attributes.readPosixFileAttributes(file).permissions());
 if (size > 8192L && perm.equalsIgnoreCase("rwxr-xr-x")) {
 return true;
 }
 return false;
 }
 };
 // creating a directory streamer with the newly developed filter
 DirectoryStream
 ds = p.newDirectoryStream(filter);
 Iterator
 it = ds.iterator();
 while (it.hasNext()) {
 Path pp = it.next();
 System.out.println(pp.getName());
 }
 }
}
The above code is self explaining and I will not explain it any further than the in-line comments. Next subject of this entry is directory tree walking or basically file visitor API. This API allows us to walk over a file system tree and execute any operation we need over the files we found. The good news is that we can scan down to any depth we require using the provided API. With the directory tree walking API, the Java core allows us to register a vaster class with the directory tree walking API and then for each entry the API come across, either a file or a folder, it calls our visitor methods. So the first thing we need is a visitor to register it with the tree walker. Following snippet shows a simple visitor which only prints the file type using the Files.probeContentType() method.
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class visit extends SimpleFileVisitor
 {
 @Override
 public FileVisitResult visitFile(Path file, BasicFileAttributes attrs) {
 try {
 System.out.println(Files.probeContentType(file));
 } catch (IOException ex) {
 Logger.getLogger(visit.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
 }
 return super.visitFile(file, attrs);
 }
 @Override
 public FileVisitResult postVisitDirectory(Path dir, IOException exc) {
 return super.postVisitDirectory(dir, exc);
 }
 @Override
 public FileVisitResult preVisitDirectory(Path dir) {
 return super.preVisitDirectory(dir);
 }
 @Override
 public FileVisitResult preVisitDirectoryFailed(Path dir, IOException exc) {
 return super.preVisitDirectoryFailed(dir, exc);
 }
 @Override
 public FileVisitResult visitFileFailed(Path file, IOException exc) {
 return super.visitFileFailed(file, exc);
 }
}
As you can see we extended the SimpleFileVisitor and we have visitor methods for all possible cases. Now that we have the visitor class, the rest of the code is straight forward. following sample shows how to walk over _/home/_masoud directory down to two levels.
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public class FileVisitor {
 public static void main(String args\[\]) {
 FileSystem fs = FileSystems.getDefault();
 Path p = fs.getPath("/home/masoud");
 visit v = new visit();
 Files.walkFileTree(p, EnumSet.allOf(FileVisitOption.class), 2, v);
 }
}
You can grab the latest version of Java 7 aka Dolphin from here and from the same page you can grab the latest JavaDoc which is generated from the same source code that is used to generate the binary bits. Other entries of this series are under the NIO.2 tag of my weblog.


Development and Implementation of the tRIAC Data Acquisition and Control System
Raymundo Mendivil Rojo, University of Texas at El Paso
Abstract
The Technology Research and Innovation Acceleration Park (tRIAC) located at Fabens, Texas, was established for the ongoing development and testing of the miro center for Space Exploration and Technology Research's (cSETR's) liquid methane and liquid oxygen rocket engines. These engines range from a 5 lbf Reaction Control Engine (RCE) to the 500 lbf and 2000 lbf Centennial Restartable Oxygen Methane Engines, called CROME and CROME-X respectively. Alongside their development, a comprehensive control system was built in the Modular Instrumentation and Control Interface Trailer (MICIT) and is equipped with National Instrument's LabVIEW software and hardware. The LabVIEW code is based off a provided project template already set up with a robust groundwork with state machine logic and data enqueueing. This groundwork is then customized to allow for modularity on the software and to incorporate a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) for system reliability. The reliable monitoring and acquisition of the variety of installed pressure transducers, thermocouples, and flowmeters, and any other compatible instrumentation. With a modular software design that eases adaptation to current and future experimental setups. This document goes into further detail of the development of the software to meet the necessary design criteria.
Subject Area
Mechanical engineering|Aerospace engineering
Recommended Citation
Rojo, Raymundo Mendivil, "Development and Implementation of the tRIAC Data Acquisition and Control System" (2019). ETD Collection for University of Texas, El Paso. AAI13895553.
_URL_
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I am working with a network object where the nodes are different events in molecular biology.
Specifically; Catalytic activity of X, RNA expression of X, GTP-bound activity of X, Kinase activity of X, Oxidoreductase activity of X, Phosphatase axtivity of X, Transcriptional activity of X, Phosphorylation at residue Y.
What is the difference between RNA expression and Transcriptional activity? And which is the one that an Affymetrix microarray is measuring? eg.; transcriptional activity of KLF2, transcriptional activity of ATF2 RNA expression of HSPA1A RNA, and expression of CYP1B1
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I'm not familiar with what you're doing, but off the top of my head I'd say that the RNA Expression might be referring to everything post-nucleus in that the Introns are missing. The Transcriptase would show more activity because it would still Transcribe both Introns and Exons. – MCM Feb 20 '13 at 12:55
1 Answer 1
In your case, RNA expression and transcriptional activity probably differ in the stage of processing. Transcriptional activity refers to the binding and processive activity of RNA polymerase. There are different ways to measure this experimentally, but with a microarray you are measuring the amount of actual transcripts relative to the control array.
RNA expression usually refers to the amount of mature transcripts but is often used interchangeably with transcriptional activity. The distinction is made at the sample extraction stage and whether or not the RNA was selectively recovered using poly-A selection or other methods that isolate mature transcripts.
What your microarray will measure depends on the probe library constructed on the array and whether you are applying total RNA or selective RNA. Probes matching mature transcripts report for RNA expression. Probes matching immature or nascent transcripts can be used to measure transcriptional activity.
Careful probe design is required to distinguish between the different levels of processing.
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Your Answer


text:
Purpose To describe the isolates and susceptibilities to antifungal agents for patients with culture-proven exogenous fungal endophthalmitis. Design Noncomparative case series. Methods The clinical records of all patients treated for culture-proven exogenous fungal endophthalmitis at a university referral center from 1990 to 2010 were reviewed. Specimens initially used for diagnosis were recovered from the microbiology department and then underwent antifungal sensitivity analysis. Results The antifungal susceptibilities of 47 fungal isolates from culture-positive fungal endophthalmitis are reported. Included are 14 isolates from yeast and 33 from mold. The mean (±standard deviation) minimum inhibitory concetrations (MICs) for amphotericin B (2.6 ± 3.5 μg/mL), fluconazole (36.9 ± 30.7 μg/mL), and voriconazole (1.9 ± 2.9 μg/mL) are reported. Presumed susceptibility to oral fluconazole, intravenous amphotericin B, intravitreal amphotericin B, oral voriconazole, and intravitreal voriconazole occurred in 34.8%-43.5%, 0-8.3%, 68.8%, 69.8%, and 100% of isolates, respectively. Conclusions Based on this laboratory study of isolates from exogenous fungal endophthalmitis, intravitreal voriconazole appears to provide the broadest spectrum of antifungal coverage and, as such, may be considered for empiric therapy of endophthalmitis caused by yeast or mold.
ASJC Scopus subject areas


text:
The Sociology of Culture
"A historical analysis of the social organization of culture in terms of its institutions and formations. Insisting that the term sociology of culture implies a convergence of interests and methods, Williams draws from a broad range of examples: Greek drama, Celtic bards, the Pre-Raphaelites, Bloomsbury and modern copyright laws, among others."—Library Journal
Raymond Williams (1921-87) was professor of drama at Cambridge University. His many books include Marxism and Literature, Keywords, Country and the City, and Culture and Society.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Tokaj Wine Region is a testimony of an unique land-use culture that has been existing for centuries and the related cultural traditions, too. With centuries - old experience of grape cultivation and viticulture evolved the unique geographical, geological, geomorphologic, hydrological and climatic condition of. Tokaj Wine Region. This region is characteristic to a large extent to the weathered rocks that were produced by a great diversity of volcanic and post volcanic activity. Tokaj is a uniquely located growing area, which is warmer than those situated to further north. Tokaj wine is made by unique technology from botrytised grapes.
The grapes ripen are more fully, ideally, when they are overriped, the botrytis sets in. The inside of well-ripened grapes with a higher sugar contend is not the best habitat for botrytis to survive. Long and dry autumn is optimum for botrytisation, the noble mold penetrates the flesh of the fruit, where it transforms the aromas. The famous Tokaj is, therefore, a wine crafted with the use of selected botrytis grapes.
The history of Tokaj Wine Region goes back to the pre-historic time. The first archaeological approval of this tradition is 17 centuries old knife of wine, found in archaeological locality Alamenev in Nizná Mysla. The oldest is the settlement of Vinicky, dated 3- 5 thousand B. C.
The traditions of wine -cellar to the posterity from those time more than 2 thousand years ago. Wines of this region have gained a European respect and rank very early.
The presently known beautiful and culturally rich environment of Tokaj Wine Region has been created and preserved for us by humankind in association with, and response to, the natural environment.


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How can I denote a limit in LaTeX, such as $f(n) \rightarrow_{n \rightarrow \infty} 0$?
And when I have a fraction and so on and I want to use an absolute value $| \frac{x}{y}|$, how can I make the $|$ signs much bigger (similarly to \left( and \right))?
share|improve this question
5 Answers 5
up vote 8 down vote accepted
For the first question, you can typeset limits using the \lim command:
\[ \lim_{x\to\infty}\frac{1}{x} \]
For the second question, the \left, \middle and \right commands can be used to achieve vertical extension of some delimiters:
\[ \left\lvert\frac{1}{2} \right\rvert \]
To obtain fine control on the size of extensible delimiters there are also the following command groups (which in some circumstances, must replace the \left \middle \right construct):
\bigl - \bigm - \bigr
\Bigl - \Bigm - \Bigr
\biggl - \biggm - \biggr
\Biggl - \Biggm - \Biggr
These groups provide delimiters of increasing sizes; the first column gives four sizes of opening symbols; the second column gives four sizes of relation symbols, and the third column gives four sizes of closing symbols..
There are some cases in which the above commands should replace the \left, \right ones: when the latter produce delimiters which are too big, and when there are several delimiters together. Compare the result of
\[ \left\lvert\lvert x\rvert -\lvert y\rvert \right\rvert \]
\[ \bigl\lvert\lvert x\rvert -\lvert y\rvert \bigr\rvert \]
In the first case, the inner and outer delimiters have the same size and the result can be ambiguous; in the second case, the outer delimiters are bigger, improving readability.
share|improve this answer
Use the \DeclarePairedDelimiter command from the mathtools package. It has a lot of other usefull stuff also (one of those must have toolboxes)
 \abs{\frac{x}{y}} \quad % same as \lvert\frac{x}{y}\rvert
 \abs[\Big]{\frac{x}{y}} \quad % same as \Bigl|\frac{x}{y}\Bigr|
 \abs*{\frac{x}{y}} % same as \left|\frac{x}{y}\right|
enter image description here
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Probably you need amsmath's \xrightarrow: after \usepackage{amsmath} you can say
f(n) \xrightarrow{n\to\infty} 0
The condition will go above the arrow, which will be extended to accommodate the condition. If you want the condition below the arrow, use the optional argument:
f(n) \xrightarrow[n\to\infty]{} 0
(don't forget the trailing pair of braces). Follow Gonzalo regarding the absolute value.
share|improve this answer
I always use $\xrightarrow{\scriptscriptstyle\!\!n\rightarrow\infty}$, but this is too tall and increases the skip between lines (ugly). How can I lower the position (closer to the arrow) and further decrease the font size of $\scriptscriptstyle\!\!n\rightarrow\infty$? – Leon Aug 1 '11 at 20:51
_USER_: maybe a new question is appropriate. – egreg Aug 1 '11 at 21:51
As for your first question, I think you're looking for
instead of the suggestions of the other answers. What they state is correct notation, but not what you described. I'm not saying this is the best solution though, the explicit limit is nicer in most cases.
share|improve this answer
 1. $\lim_{n \rightarrow \infty} f(n)=0$
 2. $\bigl|A\bigr|$, $\biggl|AA\biggr|$, $\Biggl|AA\Biggr|$, $\left|AA\right|$...
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
Autism Spectrum Disorder and Maternal Employment Barriers: A Comprehensive Gender-Based Inquiry
This paper presents a systematic literature review of the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and maternal employment disruption in order to explore what mothers of these children do using a critical lens. Although a broad range of peer-reviewed scholarly publications exist on many topics related to ASD, specific family issues such as the potential employment challenges of the maternal employment of children with ASD, have been explored in less detail until recently. ASD has generated much discussion and research. We report the most recent data over the last decade.Through a comprehensive literature review, we identify a range of papers on the topic of ASD and parental employment disruption. This project, then, highlights relevant international Canadian and internationals research findings, including the United States, China, the United Kingdom (UK) and Sweden. The review and its critical commentary show how structures which act to exclude children with ASD cause parents to seek employment adjustments in order to manage their complex situations. Parents, especially mothers of children with ASD, have fewer employment opportunities. This situation has substantial economic impact on families. This trend extends beyond preschool child care as obtaining capable and reliable child care support is an ongoing issue that exists well into the school years—and beyond. Supportive, accommodating, and especially flexible employment situations make employment possible, at times, for mothers of children with ASD.
If your submission is published by the Canadian Journal of Family and Youth, the author will agree not to publish it elsewhere without first obtaining consent from the Editors of the Canadian Journal of Family and Youth. Once consent is obtained, it is expected that authors will include an acknowledgement of prior publication in the Canadian Journal of Family and Youth.


text: Semiconductor clusters, particularly gallium arsenide, have potential applications in nonlinear optical devices. Special interest is generated by the fact that their optical and electronic behavior depends on the size of the cluster. Direct evidence is presented for the occurrence of hexagonal, i.e., wurtzite-type structure, GaAs in clusters, whereas bulk GaAs has zinc-blende structure. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and electron diffraction results are reported and interpreted. Suggestions are made for further work.


text:
- A desire, longing, or strong inclination for a specific thing.
- An expression of a desire, longing, or strong inclination; a petition.
- Something desired or longed for.
, wish·es verb, transitive
- To long for; want. See Synonyms at desire.
- To entertain or express wishes for; bid: He wished her good night.
- To call or invoke upon: I wish them luck.
- To order or entreat: I wish you to go.
- To impose or force; foist: They wished a hard job on her.
- To have or feel a desire: wish for the moon.
- To express a wish.
Origin: Middle English wissh
Origin:, from wisshen, to wish
Origin:, from Old English wȳscan; see wen-1 in Indo-European roots
Related Forms:Usage Note: Wish
is widely used as a polite substitute for want
with infinitives: Do you wish to sit at a table on the terrace? Anyone who wishes to may leave now.
This usage is appropriate for formal style, where it is natural to treat the desires of others with exaggerated deference. The corresponding use of wish
with a noun-phrase object is less frequent: Anyone who wishes an aisle seat should see an attendant.
Both usages are likely to sound stilted in informal style, however, and want
may be substituted for wish.
- A traditional rule requires the use of were
rather than was
in a contrary-to-fact statement that follows wish: I wish I were (not was) lighter on my feet.
While many people continue to insist on upholding this rule, the indicative was
in such clauses can be found in the works of many well-known writers. See Usage Notes at if


text:
CAINA (Cloud-Aerosol Interactions in a Nitrogen-dominated Atmosphere) project is investigating how aerosols and clouds interact under high reactive nitrogen concentrations, by combining field experiments, chamber studies and modelling. This nitrogen-dominated regime is starting to emerge in many regions of the Earth and needs to be better understood. CAINA project team makes extensive use of the Ruisdael observatory with its advanced in-situ and remote sensing infrastructure. More details about the CAINA project can be found here.
The team is inviting applications for four PhD positions within the CAINA project. In exceptional cases, highly qualified post-docs will be considered as well. They are looking for enthusiastic PhD students with a background in environmental or atmospheric sciences, physics, engineering or chemistry and a strong interest in pollution, clouds and climate. Students will be part of the CAINA research community and participate in a large, international field campaign, yearly workshops, and regular CAINA student meetings. Research stays at CAINA project's international partners can be facilitated. In addition, all students receive a budget for training activities and professional development.
The CAINA team consists of atmospheric scientists from 4 Dutch Universities (University of Groningen, Wageningen University, TU Delft, and Utrecht University) in collaboration with project partners from Germany (MPIC-Mainz, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) and from Cyprus (The Cyprus Institute). These parties closely collaborate on the project, combining expertise in atmospheric and aerosol physics, atmospheric chemistry, cloud remote sensing, and atmospheric modelling.
For more information, please contact PI Uli Dusek at _EMAIL_


text:
Next: a 32m-high Canopy Observation Tower
Since the bulk of the açaí planting is done, we are keeping the locals busy with the construction of a 30m-high canopy observation tower in the Garza Lagoon, a long-time dream we've had for the reserve. The tower will enable us to learn invaluable new information about the forest and also help us visually identify when poachers or loggers have entered the property. The lagoon is home to many commonly poached endangered species, including paiche (arapaima) and black caiman. It also serves as the rookery for at least 7 species of water birds, including the Agami Heron, whose eggs were previously poached by locals.


NES Hookups
There are several options for installing your NES. The easiest method is using the RF Switch to connect your system directly to your television or VCR.
You can also hook up the original model NES to a TV or VCR using generic A/V cables (also known as "RCA" or "patch" cables). These cables can typically be found at stores that sell electronic components and cables.


Bounds on Unnecessary Space Retention by Conservative Garbage Collectors (DRAFT)
An expanded and corrected version of this paper will be presented at POPL 2002. A version of this revised paper is currently available as HP Labs technical report 2001-251, which is temporarily available in PostScript here and should eventually appear here. The revised paper is a substantial improvement over what follows below.
Conservative garbage collectors are often maligned with the claim that it is impossible to bound space usage of an application using any form of conservative garbage collection. Empirically, this doesn't seem to be a problem for most desktop applications. The large majority of applications behave perfectly well with a conservative garbage collector. A few applications don't, especially if the collector is too naive. But in those cases, the failure is generally easily detectable during testing, and can be avoided by communicating small amounts of type information to the garbage collector.
We are only aware of one explicitly deallocating program in which replacement of explicit deallocation with conservative garbage collection failed unavoidably. And in that case conservative pointer tracing was not the issue; the program relied on deallocating reachable, but unaccessed memory. Thus no garbage collector could have solved the problem.
But our concern here is not the empirical performance of conservative garbage collection. Instead we would like to prove mathematical bounds on space consumption. The primary goal is to understand why conservative collectors behave well in practice. This also gets us closer to making conservative garbage collectors safe for embedded environments that require hard space bounds.
An Embarrassing Failure Scenario
Some data structures do not interact well with conservative garbage collection. [Wentworth90] points out that lazily evaluated lists are often one such example. Fortunately, they are not widely used in real applications.
A more common example, mentioned in [Boehm93] is a simple queue data structure, implemented as a singly linked list, with a head and tail pointer. Elements are inserted into the tail position and removed at the head by advancing a head pointer. Removed elements should be reclaimable by the garbage collector. But a single false pointer to one of the queue elements will prevent any further such reclamation. Thus if the active queue length is intended to be bounded, a conservative collector may arbitrarily increase space consumption as the result of a single false reference.
We make several observations about this example:
 1. This is an unpleasant situation, given our goal. The presence of such data structures clearly precludes proving any interesting bounds on space consumption.
 2. The above data structure is easily "fixable". Clearing the next field in the list element being removed from the queue will avoid the potential disaster. This kind of "fix" is still much safer than resorting to manual storage management, since errors cannot corrupt unrelated data structures.
 3. The problem is not limited to what is normally referred to as "conservative" garbage collection. It could also be caused by having the garbage collector accidentally trace from a dead compiler-generated variable, or by promoting a queue element to a generation that is effectively not collected. This data structure is safe only with a system that is carefully designed to prevent any form of extra space retention (cf. [Appel?]).
The next section is concerned with "well-behaved" data structures that bound the damage caused by spurious pointers. We argue that most commonly encountered data structures are well-behaved in this sense.
Backward-Forward reachability
We define the set of objects that are backward-reachable from an object x to be those objects y such that x is (conventionally) reachable from y. Define the set of objects backward reachable from a root pointer to be those objects backward-reachable from the object to which it refers. An object is backward-reachable if it is backward-reachable from any root.
An object x is backward-forward reachable from a root r through y iff y is backward-reachable from r and x is reachable from y. x is backward-forward reachable if there is an object y such that x is backward-forward reachable through y. An object is backward-forward reachable if it is backward-forward reachable from any root.
Call a data structure, i.e. a set of objects, circular if, for any two objects x and y in the set, y is reachable from x if and only if x is reachable from y, i.e. an object is forward-reachable from another if and only if it is backward-reachable. Data structures, such as doubly linked lists or trees with parent pointers, that maintain back-pointers corresponding to all forward pointers are a particular instance of this. Theorem If a program only builds circular data structures then the set of backward-forward reachable objects is the set of reachable objects.
Proof Trivial.
Theorem If a program is purely functional, then the set of all objects S backward-forward reachable from a root r through an object y, was at some point reachable from a single root.
Proof The object y must have been accessible through a root at some point. Since objects are not changed, all of S was reachable through y at that point.
We define a data structure to be GC-robust if it satisfies the conclusion of the preceding theorem, that is if all objects backward-forward from a root were at some point reachable from a root. Both data structures created by functional programs and circular data structures are GC-robust.
Conjecture All common data structures, except the straight-forward implementation of singly-linked queues, are GC robust.
A Bound
In the following we assume:
 1. A garbage collector will only consider memory objects to be reachable if they were properly allocated in the past, and thus were at some point reachable. Pointers to unallocated memory are never considered valid.
 2. If an object is ever found to be unreachable by a collector, it will be reclaimed. (We really only need to know that a structure that was last modified by the collector will not subsequently be viewed as live, before having been reallocated. This takes some care if the collector builds free lists.)
 3. Objects that appear to be reachable to the collector can be modified only by the client (mutator).
 4. Any modified object is directly pointed to by a root at the time of modification.
We expect that (with the weaker form of the second assumption) this holds for all common conservative collector implementations.
Theorem Consider a conservative garbage collector which misinterprets a single arbitrary integer a as pointer. The set of all objects S that are "reachable" from a, i.e. that are reachable from the object containing address a, were at some point backward-forward reachable from a single root.
Proof Consider the latest modification or creation time t of any object y in S. Clearly at that point y was pointed to by a root r. Let x be the object "pointed to" by a. At time t, x was backward-reachable from y, since y is in S and all elements of S were reachable from x. (Recall that no elements of S where modified after time t.) Thus S was backward-forward reachable from r at time t.
Corollary If a program uses only GC-robust data structures, and the number of pointers misidentified by a garbage collector is bounded (e.g. because only the stack is scanned conservatively, and its depth is bounded, or because only the top stack frame is scanned conservatively), then the extra space returned by conservative pointer scanning is bounded by a constant times the maximal amount of live memory.
Proof Follows trivially from the preceding theorem and the definition of GC-robustness. Each misidentified pointer retains a data structure that was backward-forward reachable, and hence reachable at some point during program execution. Thus the memory retained by a single misidentified pointer is bounded by the maximal amount of live memory used during program execution.
The above Corollary gives a rather extreme bound on excess memory retention, but a bound nonetheless. The bound itself may be sufficient to give hard guarantees in a few cases (e.g. if only a single stack frame is conservatively scanned, and/or the program maintains many disconnected data structures, only one of which can be retained by a false reference. In any case, it helps to explain why real conservatively collected programs don't grow without bounds, and rarely retain significant amounts of extra memory.
[Wentworth90] E. P. Wentworth, "Pitfalls of Conservative Garbage Collection", Software Practice and Experience 20(7), July 1990, pp. 719-727.


A Day in the Life of a Nurse Aide
The day starts early for most nurse aides. A vast majority of CNAs are employed at nursing homes, so it is important to be at the long-term care center around the time when resident-patients begin their daily activities. The most important task early in the day is to take vital signs and interview residents to find out if there have been any changes in their health or emotional state. This is a great time for person-to-person interactions and relationship building with residents. Charm and personality go a long way in the earliest hours of the day. During this time, the nurse aide will administer any necessary medication or inform their supervising nurse about the change in conditions for their patients. Once these medical tasks have been completed, it is time to help patients with the first meal of the day.
Residents will have very different needs depending on their unique situations. Some may not require any assistance in getting to the dining hall or cafeteria, but others are bed-ridden or with limited mobility. These patients will require assistance moving from their bed and through the nursing home. But some residents do not leave their beds at all, so feeding time requires even more facilitation. Nurse aides are required to hand-feed the most care-dependent residents.
In some cases, these patients will also need help with their daily hygiene. Because they are bed-ridden, their hygiene is of the utmost importance. Cleaning their room, their personal spaces, and their body are all tasks expected of the nurse aide. Sponge-bathing helps to keep the patients from developing bedsores or other physical ailments related to their living conditions. These patients also need help stretching and maintaining their physical strength, so a series of facilitated exercises may be required every day. The patients in the greatest need for attention benefit the most from charitable conversation and genuine sympathy. These intimate, one-on-one interactions are a very sensitive time for both nurse aides and patients. The proper protocol for engaging patients and keeping them comfortable physically and emotionally is an essential part of CNA training, and at these moments, every nurse aide is tested in compassion.
After basic needs have been accounted for, it is time to help the patients keep their spirits up. Between physical examinations and routine daily activities, nursing homes provide their residents with activities and seminars for entertainment, education, and exercise. Nurse aides sometimes manage pastime activities like Bingo games, arts and crafts, or fitness activities like aerobics or yoga. Depending on your interests, there are many ways to contribute to this aspect of the job. Helping residents have fun and stay positive is essential to keeping them healthy.
The days wind down as gradually as they start up, but not without surprises. One resident had a heart attack during a poker game and the nursing staff had to keep him stabilized while the ambulance was on its way. The supervising nurse needed two nurse aides to get him to the lobby and provide constant CPR to keep oxygen in his bloodstream. Without the nurse aides' immediate and life-saving assistance, he may have experienced brain damage or died. Fortunately, everything worked out and he recovered without complications at the hospital. The day shift is over, but the next shift of nurse aides arrives at the nursing home to monitor the residents throughout the night. They will keep an eye on sleeping residents and the occasional night-owl patients. Because emergencies can happen at any moment, the night shift is just as critical as the day sh
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Tag Archives: pragmatic PR
3 Ways Pessimism is an Asset in PR
Does pessimism have a place in PR?
Half empty or half full?
An article recently published over at the MIT Sloan Management Review blog caught my attention. Essentially, the article asserted that in a world where optimism reigns, a little pessimism is a good thing.
In our culture, pessimism is generally perceived as a state of mind where one anticipates negative outcomes. We often classify individuals as either optimistic or pessimistic based on the age old question, "Is the glass half empty or half full?" We tend to classify those who answer "half empty" as stewards of a pessimistic outlook, always focusing on the negative and what's likely to go wrong.
Despite the stigma that pessimism has, can it be interpreted as an undervalued asset and a valuable tool in PR? Continue reading


Window System in NetBeans Platform 6.9
Creating window groups
Some windows should always open and close together with other windows.
For example, in NetBeans IDE, the Matisse GUiBuilder's Design mode always
opens together with the Inspector, the Palette, and the Properties window. That
combination of windows constitutes a workspace to use when laying out an
application's user interface. To achieve this yourself in your own application,
you need to define a TopComponentGroup.
In the following example, you group the two TopComponents you have created in the
previous sections and open and close them together as a single unit.
 1. To get started, within the CustomModes module, create a new empty file
 named colorgroup.wsgrp, with the following content:
 2.

 You have now defined a group named colorgoup and you have specified that
 initially the TopComponents within the group are closed.
 3. Let us now specify which TopComponents belong to the group.
 Create two new files called RedTopComponentWstcgrp.xml and
 BlueTopComponentWstcgrp.xml, with the content shown in the
 following code snippets:

 You now have a file per TopComponent, providing the TopComponent's
 unique ID, while declaring the state of the TopComponent when the group
 to which it belongs is opened or closed.
 5. Now modify the layer.xml to register the two files created in the previous
 step, within the Windows2 | Groups folder:
 6.

 11. Choose Clean and Build on the application to remove the build folder
 that contains the user settings persisted from the last deployment of the
 application. Start the application again. Select Window | OpenRedBlue and
 notice that both TopComponents open. Then select Window | CloseRedBlue
 and notice that both TopComponents close.
In the summary, you have learned how to define a group of TopComponents that
open and close together as a unit.
Extending the default TopComponent persistence
You've probably noticed that when you restart the application, its layout is not reset
to its default state. Instead, the layout settings from the last deployment are reused
whenever you restart the application. That is what the user typically expects, though
this may be inconvenient during development. During development, if you'd like
the default layout to be used when you run the application, you need to select Clean
and Build
on the application node. This menu item deletes the application's build
folder, which contains the testuserdir folder, where the settings from the previous
deployment are stored.
It is this feature, that of automatic persistence, that we now look at more closely. In
this section, we extend the persistence of our application, as the NetBeans Platform 6.9
allows us to access the persistence feature and to save additional data when the
application is closed.
In the next example, we create a simple form with content that is restored when the
application restarts.
 1. Create a new NetBeans Platform 6.9 application, containing a new module, with
 a TopComponent created via the New Window wizard. The TopComponent
 should have PersistenceDemo as its Class Name Prefix, it should be
 positioned within the editor mode, and it should open when the
 application starts. Design the content of the new TopComponent
 as shown the following screenshot:
 2. The Window System APiprovides special support for serialization of confi
 guration data. To store configuration data, and to reload them at restart,
 we need to override the methods writeProperties and readProperties,
 which are generated by the New Window wizard when you created the TopComponent. These methods are required so that the _USER_
 annotation, declared at the top of the TopComponent class, is able to generate
 the code at compile time, persisting the specified settings.
 To fine-tune the TopComponent persistence outlined above, you have two additional
 values that need to be set, but which are set by default when you use
 the New Window wizard to create your TopComponent:
 - The value returned by the preferredID() method. T he returned
 value uniquely identifies the TopComponent to the Window System.
 - The value returned by the getPersistenceType method. This
 value determines the conditions under which the TopComponent is
 persisted. The value TopComponent.PERSISTENCE_ALWAYS specifies
 that the content of the TopComponent will be persisted, in so far as
 you have specified settings for persistence. PERSISTENCE_NEVER
 specifies that when the application closes, nothing set in the
 TopComponent will be persisted. Finally, PERSISTENCE_ONLY_OPENED
 specifies that a TopComponent is only persisted if it is open when
 the application shuts down. The latter is useful if the TopComponent
 is some kind of editor, for example, as in the cases of the editor
 windows in NetBeans IDE, which reopen on startup if they had
 been closed when the application shut down.
 3. Specify that the PersistenceDemoTopComponent should persist if it was
 open when the application shut down. Next, define the writeProperties
 and readProperties methods as follows:
 4. void writeProperties(java.util.Properties p) {
 // better to version settings since initial version as advocated
 // at
 p.setProperty("version", "1.0″);
 p.setProperty("element1″, jTextField1.getText());
 if (jRadioButton1.isSelected()) {
 p.setProperty("element2″, "1″);
 if (jRadioButton2.isSelected()) {
 p.setProperty("element2″, "2″);
 if (jRadioButton3.isSelected()) {
 p.setProperty("element2″, "3″);
 p.setProperty("element3″, String.valueOf(jCheckBox1.isSelected()));
 p.setProperty("element4″, String.valueOf(jSlider1.getValue()));
 Object readProperties(java.util.Properties p) {
 if (instance == null) {
 instance = this;
 return instance;
 private void readPropertiesImpl(java.util.Properties p) {
 String version = p.getProperty("version");
 if (p.getProperty("element2″).equals("1″)) {
 if (p.getProperty("element2″).equals("2″)) {
 if (p.getProperty("element2″).equals("3″)) {
 if (p.getProperty("element3″).equals("true")) {
 } else {
 5. Restart the application. Enter some values into the TopComponent and then
 close the application. When you restart the application, notice that the values
 you specified are restored as shown in the following screenshot:
When you close the application, do a Clean and Build on the TaskManager
project node. Then, now that the application user directory is removed, restart
the application and notice that all the values are set back to their defaults.
In summary, you have extended the persistence of


Do You Have a Leadership Team or a Leadership Committee? – Growth and Profit
Lead Magnet
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Do You Have a Leadership Team or a Leadership Committee?
Do You Have a Leadership Team or a Leadership Committee?
By Andrew Cooke | February 22, 2013
Do You Have a Leadership Team or a Leadership Committee?
The differences and the impacts of leadership by team and by committees.
by Andrew Cooke, Growth & Profit Solutions
Teams or Committees?
Many CEOs and senior leaders in companies with which I have worked with often believe, in all sincerity, that they have a leadership team or executive team which works together to help focus and drive the business.
This, in my experience, is rarely the case. More often than it is not a leadership or executive team, but a committee. This is true for all levels of the business, but becomes increasingly more frequent the further you go up the hierarchy.
It is important to understand whether you have a leadership team or a leadership committee? The impact of each is considerable and quite different. Many problems that you may be experiencing with your leadership team have, at their root, the fact that the leadership team is actually a leadership committee.
Let me explain by looking at teams and committees in turn:
For the purpose of this article I define a team as a group of individuals who are working together, towards a common goal or goals, in which they will either succeed or fail to do so together. There is a strong common purpose, common understanding and real alignment to which all members of the team are committed.
A team that is well-aligned and works well together only does so because there is a high level of trust. As such the team sets its own goals, and all the members share resources, information and insights. There is open and frank communication between the members, with members prepared to challenge each other in order to resolve issues and achieve the desired outcomes. Honesty and candor underpin the team allowing alternatives to be discussed and decisions taken only after healthy and robust debate.
Here a group of people come together because of their title or role or function (and in a role as a representative of a given area or function), and agree to work together as long as it is individually beneficial, but at any time they can withhold information, resources, or not comply; also they can be rewarded differentially i.e. I win, you lose. The individuals participate rather than promise an outcome or a result.
There is a lack of trust and there is no common purpose or any alignment, or it is very weak if there is any. The focus of the committee tends not to be on achieving the outcomes, but on tasks and following process. Political battles and turf wars breakout as committee members jockey for position. They can withhold resources and information from others in doing so, and people will work or collaborate with others only so far as doing so helps their individual interests. In a committee people can win at the expense of the others. This means decisions are made on a sub-optimal basis and, although they can advance one area's interests, may do so even though it causes damage to the business itself.
Which Do You Have – Teams or Committees?
So how do you know which you have? Chance is that you probably already have a pretty good idea, but sometimes the group may be in a "grey area". In these instances, I suggest you apply the five criteria:
Andrew Cooke's Five Golden Keys for Evaluating Groups
Look at the questions in the following areas. If the answers tend to favour the group over the individual you have a team, if it is the individual over the group then you have a committee.
 1. Individual and Group Intention – how would you describe the individual intentions for each group member and the group overall? Are they prepared to put the interest of others ahead of their own in advancing the group's interests? Are the group's interests shared or do they vary from each individual?
 2. Effectiveness – is the group and the members focused on doing the right things? Are there a clearly shared and understood set of priorities and outcomes? Is the group delivering progress towards the defined outcomes, or is progress being achieved in a multiple and conflicting directions against outcomes which may or may not be those which were defined initially? Are members participating or working to deliver outcomes.
 3. Communication –what kind of discussions and debate is there between group members? Do they focus on the issue at hand or the personalities involved? How well do they share with others what they are doing and why? Do they have a shared and common understanding which they can consistently and clearly articulate?
 4. Relationships – are they cooperative and collaborative, or is it case of acting in the individual's self-interest? Is the nature of the relationship long-term, strategic and aligned; or are the relationships short-term and transactional in their focus?
 5. Power – is power perceived by the group and its members to be vested in the group itself, and thus all members are subordinate to the group; or is it perceived to be vested in certain individuals for who the group's interests are subordinate to theirs?
Do you have a leadership team or a leadership committee? Think carefully before you answer. If your team is exhibiting signs of dysfunction then it is likely that you have group that is a committee or has strong leanings to some of the characteristics of a committee than a team.
Consider one of the dysfunctional teams you either have been on or are a part of now. Is your team a committee in disguise as a team? If so, can you apply this distinction to diagnose the problem and get your team on track?
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Window tinting is not just for homes and businesses. Many car owners also opt to tint their car windows for various reasons. In this blog post, we will discuss the benefits of using window tinting in your car.
Protection from UV Rays
When you are driving, you are exposed to harmful UV rays from the sun. Over time, prolonged exposure to these rays can lead to skin damage and even skin cancer. Window tinting can help protect you and your passengers from these harmful rays. It blocks up to 99% of UV rays from entering the car, which can help keep you and your passengers safe.
Window tinting can help keep your car cool and comfortable, especially during the hot summer months. It blocks heat from entering the car, which can help reduce the need for air conditioning. This can result in lower fuel consumption and a more comfortable driving experience.
Tinted windows can help enhance the privacy of your car. It can make it harder for people to see inside, which can be useful if you often park in public areas. This can also help prevent theft, as thieves are less likely to target a car if they can't see what's inside.
Glare can be a major distraction when you are driving, especially during the day when the sun is shining bright. Window tinting can help reduce glare, making it easier to see the road ahead. This can help improve your visibility and reduce the risk of accidents.
Protects Your Car's Interior
Window tinting can also help protect your car's interior from fading and cracking. UV rays can cause damage to your car's upholstery, dashboard, and other components. Tinting can help prevent this damage and keep your car looking newer for longer.
Finally, window tinting can add a touch of style to your car. It can give your car a sleek, modern look that sets it apart from others on the road. There are various shades and colors to choose from, so you can customize the look of your car to your liking.
In conclusion, window tinting can provide many benefits for your car. It can protect you and your passengers from harmful UV rays, keep your car cool and comfortable, enhance privacy, reduce glare, protect your car's interior, and add style. If you are considering tinting your car's windows, be sure to choose a reputable window tinting company to ensure the job is done correctly and professionally. Get in touch or call us today!


SM Link
Black Buffalo
Photo courtesy of Konrad Schmidt
Black buffalo - Common name
Ictiobus niger - Scientific name
Family - Catostomidae (suckers)
Status: SU, G5
IDENTIFICATION: This large sucker-fish can grow to 37 inches (940 mm) in length. It has a gray, olive, or bronze back with dark blue and olive iridescence. It has a white-yellow belly, black to olive-yellow sides, and olive black fins. It has a large conical head. Its sucker mouth is located near the bottom of its head.
SIMILAR SPECIES FOUND IN SOUTH DAKOTA: Similar species that occur in eastern South Dakota are the bigmouth buffalo and the smallmouth buffalo. The bigmouth buffalo has a very large ovoid head and a sharply oblique terminal mouth. The smallmouth buffalo has a conical head similar to the black buffalo but smaller with larger eyes. The smallmouth buffalo has a strongly keeled nape, whereas the black buffalo has a more rounded, weekly keeled nape. The smallmouth buffalo has a sub-terminal and horizontal mouth, whereas the mouth of the black buffalo is nearly sub-terminal and oblique rather than horizontal. The black buffalo has a body that is wider and shallower that that of the smallmouth buffalo.
HABITS AND HABITAT: Black buffalo inhabit impoundments and lakes, and pools and backwaters of small to large rivers.
DISTRIBUTION: Distribution Map The black buffalo ranges from South Dakota east to Michigan and Ohio, and as far south as Louisiana, Texas, New Mexico, and Mexico. There have only been three occurrences of black buffalo in eastern South Dakota. Two occurred in the lower Big Sioux River below Sioux Falls in Minnehaha and Lincoln Counties. The falls likely form a barrier that prevents the further upstream migration of this large-river fish. The other occurrence was in Lake Mitchell in Davison County. Black buffalo have not been documented in eastern South Dakota since 1971.Finding a black buffalo in eastern South Dakota today would be very rare.
CAUSES OF CONCERN AND CONSERVATION MEASURES: The black buffalo is threatened by any activity causing alteration of its habitat.
Select another rare fish -


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MIRI: The state Fire and Rescue Department is roping in amateur radio operators in an effort to enhance communication linkages using radio systems to deal with fire outbreaks and search and rescue operations in remote jungles and mountainous terrains.
The department has started a pioneer project towards that collaboration in northern Sarawak and if proven successful, it will be extended to other parts of this vast state.
Yesterday, Miri fire chief Supt Law Poh Kiong held a closed-door meeting with several members of the Miri Amateur Radio Club to discuss about the mechanics of implementing the project.
"The Miri Fire and Rescue Department has formed a partnership with amateur radio operators in the city in what is a first step towards securing faster communication linkages to coordinate fire fighting and search and rescue efforts in the deep interior.
"This plan to use amateur radio as a form of communication was discussed before at the state level in view of the fact that radio sets are still effective for voice communication in those places where there is no telephone coverage.
"Radio is thus very useful in dense jungles and highland regions such as in interior northern Sarawak, where we have been facing difficulties coordinating swift response to fire outbreaks in rural settlements due to telecommunication woes," he said.
Supt Law said there are many amateur radio operators from Miri who have networked with radio operators in rural settlements in the remote districts.
If such radio linkages can be connected to the communication lines of the Fire and Rescue Department stations in Miri city and other fire stations in other districts and sub-districts, they can be used to raise the alarm in the event of an emergency such as fire outbreaks, floods and other disasters or accidents, he stressed.
Supt Law said there have been too many fire outbreaks in remote longhouses and because of the lack of telecommunication links, it is hard to deploy swift response.
He hopes that with the cooperation of amateur radio operators, the Fire and Rescue Department will be able to tackle such fires better and reduce the damage to properties and save lives.
Another major fire occurred yesterday at a remote longhouse in the Sri Aman Division where Rumah Siliver Garik was razed to the ground.
The 3am fire saw 19 units of longhouse quarters burned. More than 150 people were left homeless when the fire swept through their settlement.
Luckily, all the residents managed to escape the flames. They were now being housed at the community hall pending assistance from the welfare department.


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Minecraft
How to crossplay with Java and Bedrock Minecraft in one server?
Posted by Aron Kõrgemäe
January 21, 2024
Views: 0
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Have you ever had friends that you want to enjoy minecraft with, but they are on Bedrock while you're on Java? Yeah, me too. This changes with Geyser, a groundbreaking plugin that bridges this gap, enabling cross-platform play between these two editions.
In this guide, we'll explore what Geyser is, its importance in the Minecraft community, and provide a comprehensive tutorial on how to set it up on your server.
What's Geyser?
Geyser functions as a protocol translator, seamlessly converting Bedrock data into a format that Java servers can understand, and vice versa. This capability revolutionizes server hosting, allowing players on Windows, iOS, Android, and even consoles to join Minecraft Java servers.
Part 1: Installation
The first step in bridging the Minecraft worlds is to download and install the Geyser plugin. This process is straightforward and similar to installing any other plugin on your server.
 1. Downloading Geyser: Visit the official GeyserMC website and navigate to the download section. Here, you'll find the Geyser-Spigot.jar file, which is specifically designed for Spigot servers. Note that Geyser also supports other server types like Paper, Waterfall, Velocity, and can even run standalone.
 2. Installing the Plugin: After downloading, place the Geyser-Spigot.jar file into your server's /plugins folder.
 3. Starting the Server: Once Geyser is in the plugins folder, start your Minecraft server. This step allows the server to recognize and initialize the Geyser plugin, creating necessary configuration files.
 4. Initial Configuration: After starting the server with Geyser installed, you'll need to stop it to access the newly generated Geyser configuration file. This file, typically located in /plugins/Geyser-Spigot/config.yml, is where you'll make essential settings adjustments.
With Geyser successfully installed, you're now ready to configure it for cross-platform play.
Part 2: Configuration
Once Geyser is installed, configuring it correctly is kinda-mandatory for ensuring that Bedrock players can connect to your Java server without issues. This involves editing the Geyser configuration file and setting up network ports appropriately.
 1. Accessing config.yml: Locate the Geyser configuration file, typically found in /plugins/Geyser-Spigot/config.yml. This file holds the settings that control how Geyser interacts with Bedrock clients.
 2. Port Configuration: By default, the Bedrock and Java editions use different network ports. You'll need to decide on the port setting in the Geyser configuration:
 - Option 1 - Same Port as Java Edition: Set clone-remote-port to true if you want Geyser to use the same port as your Java server. This is the simplest setup and requires no additional network configuration.
 - Option 2 - Custom Port: If you prefer a different port for Bedrock players, first add it as an allocation in your server's network settings, then specify this custom port in the Geyser config file.
With these configurations set, Geyser is now ready to bridge the gap between Java and Bedrock players on your server.
Common Issues & Solutions
1. Connection Issues
 - Problem: Players are unable to connect to the server.
 - Solution: Ensure that the correct ports are open and properly forwarded if necessary. Check the server's firewall settings to allow traffic on the designated ports. Verify that the Geyser configuration file has the correct settings for your server's setup.
2. Version Mismatches
 - Problem: Incompatibility errors due to version differences between Java and Bedrock editions.
 - Solution: Regularly update Geyser to the latest version to support the most recent Minecraft updates. Additionally, ensure that your server allows connections from the supported Bedrock versions, as indicated in the Geyser documentation.
3. Geyser Not Translating Correctly
 - Issue: Some game elements or features not translating properly between Java and Bedrock editions.
 - Solution: Due to the nature of protocol translation, certain features might not work perfectly. Consult the Geyser documentation for known limitations and check if the issue is listed. Update Geyser to the latest version, as updates often include fixes and improvements. If the problem persists, consider reporting it to the Geyser community for further assistance.
4. Performance Issues
 - Issue: Server lag or performance drops after installing Geyser.
 - Solution: This could be due to increased resource demand. Monitor your server's resource usage and consider upgrading your server's hardware specifications if necessary. Also, optimize your server settings for better performance.
5. Skin and Authentication Issues
 - Issue: Problems with player skins or authentication errors for Bedrock players.
 - Solution: Ensure that the Floodgate plugin is correctly installed and configured if you're using it alongside Geyser. Check the key.pem file for consistency across all instances. Verify Bedrock players are using valid Microsoft accounts.
We hope that this guide will help you welcome both bedrock & java players to your own Minecraft server! If you have any questions or need further assistance, feel free to reach out.
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