How to Use Bitbucket With WordPress & Why Developers Will Love It
One of the major challenges that so many developers face is the question of keeping code in sync while working collaboratively. Is convenience compromising quality? Is time wasted trying to sort out issues? If this is the case, then it may be worth looking into a compelling revision control system. One that we highly recommend is Bitbucket, by Atlassian.
You may be asking, "what is Bitbucket?" or perhaps you've heard of it but are wondering, "why should I use it?" In this article we'll explain what Bitbucket is and why you may need it to enhance your WordPress website.
What is Bitbucket?
Bitbucket is a robust revision control system that greatly aids developers in their day-to-day tasks. If you're part of a development team, you're likely spending much of your time keeping track of collaborative projects. Bitbucket makes the process easier and more organized. To understand what it can do for you, let's have a look at a list at some of its features:
 - Stores code in one secure place.
 - Allows anybody from the team to access the code or module.
 - Offers an effective code review system.
 - Keeps track of when each modification to a document is saved.
 - Saves a history of each document's state before and after modifications are made.
 - Provides developers and reviewers the opportunity to make edits and explain themselves via the in-line discussions.
Why should you use Bitbucket with WordPress?
Besides the amazing features just rattled off, there are a number of other reasons why it'd be beneficial for you to use Bitbucket with WordPress.
 1. The quality of your code will improve, especially with the code review system and the ability to have multiple reviewers for a single pull request.
 2. Since Bitbucket is a web-based hosting service, you can use it for hosting your files and projects in private repositories.
 3. Issues can be handled with ease. The integration between Bitbucket and JIRA enables users to freely track an issue status or bug report without leaving the current tool. And if you'd rather not use JIRA, Bitbucket also has a built-in issue tracker for your repository.
Deploying from Bitbucket to WordPress
Here we'll describe how to deploy from Bitbucket to WordPress, but before we start, be sure to check that your server meets the following requirements:
 - Git is installed.
 - You have shell access.
 - The PHP exec function is enabled.
Most shared web hosting accounts won't provide all of these requirements, but if you have a VPS or dedicated server then you should be ok.
There are many ways to automate the deployment of your website. The most popular way to do this is with Deploy. Deploy is a hosted service and due to its reasonable price and simple interface, it is the most recommended.
Deployment Steps
Step 1. Install Git version control.
Install Git if you haven't already done so. If you're familiar with Git commands, then proceed to the next step. Otherwise you can download and install TortoiseGit or SourceTree, both of which provide access to Git commands in a friendly manner without needing to use command line.
Step 2. Convert your local WordPress into a Git repository.
After completing Step 1, create a local repository to store your project files. You can use an existing folder or create a new one.
Step 3. Create a repository.
Create an account on Bitbucket and then set it up as a remote repository to which you can push your local code.
Step 4. Commit and push the local repository to the remote one.
After setting everything up, commit your code and push it to the remote repository. This step is important since Bitbucket will not allow you to select an empty repository when you proceed towards setting up DeployHQ with your repository.
Step 5. Create an account with Deploy.
Visit _URL_ and create a free account.

Step 6. Create a project for deployment.
After your account is successfully set up and verified, log in and create a new project.

Step 7. Enter your login details.
After creating a new project, enter the login information of your code hosting repository – Bitbucket, and then click on the "Check credentials and choose repository" button. If the information is correct, you will see a list of repositories in your Bitbucket account. Choose the one that you created in Step 3.

Step 8. Configure the deployment server.
After selecting your repository, a form will appear where you'll need to enter your first server details for deployment. Some of the details you'll need to fill include:
 - Name: The name of the destination server, e.g. My WordPress Site
 - Protocol: Choose from one of the following protocol files: SSH / SFTP, FTP, Amazon S3 and Rackspace Cloud. The most commonly used option is SSH / SFTP. Once selected, more form fields will be displayed, so you'll have to enter more information about your server.
 - Hostname: e.g. sftp.mywebsite.com. You can also add the server IP address.
 - Port: Enter the correct port if it's not the default 22.
 - Username
 - Password
 - Use SSH keys instead of Password: (this is a safer option but requires additional steps).
 - Path on Server: Make sure to add the correct path depending on whether you are deploying your entire WordPress website or just a custom theme.
 - Notification Email: Enter an email where you would like to receive notifications after every deployment.
 - Branch to Deploy from: Enter the branch you would like to deploy from, or leave it set to the Project default (master) setting if you plan to deploy from the master branch.
 - Environment: A way to name this server environment such as production, testing, etc.
 - Subdirectory To Deploy From: Again, this is as important as the "path on server" field. If you wish to deploy your entire repository then leave it blank or enter the correct path.
If the details provided are accurate, you have now successfully set up your server (deployment location) with DeployHQ.
Step 9. Perform a test deploy.
Before activating auto deployment, we need to ensure everything is working right and that you have set the correct paths. Click on the large green button labelled "Deploy Now". After selecting the revisions/commit, on the next screen you could initiate the deployment or simply preview it. Click "Run deployment" and test. If all is well, you can proceed with automated deployment.

Step 10. Activate automated deployment.
Setting up automated deployment will allow you to avoid visiting the Deploy site every single time. To set up the automation, follow these steps:
 - First go to the "Servers & Groups" page which can be accessed via the "Settings" menu.
 - Click on the "pencil" icon which denotes "Edit" to go to the edit screen of the server you had set up earlier for deployment.
 - In the "Deploy Hook" box on the right, mark the "On" option for auto deploy. Also make sure to copy the URL displayed in the "Deploy Hook" book. This will be used with your Bitbucket repository to initiate automated deployments whenever you commit/push your local files to those repositories.
 - For a Bitbucket hosted repository, visit the official guide to learn about setting up the hook you retrieved from DeployHQ.
After following the steps above, your automated deployment process will be complete, and when you want to update your site in the future, you can simply commit your local changes and then push those changes to the remote repository.
If you have any questions, you can always visit the Bitbucket documentation and DeployHQ articles which help further explain the deployment process.
This all might seem like a lot to handle but if you carefully follow all the steps detailed above, you'll be sure to have it all set up and ready to go in no time. Your collaborations will smooth over and the quality of your work will only benefit from these changes. We hope you find the time to make it happen!
Overview of Using Bitbucket with WordPress
What is Bitbucket?
Bitbucket is a robust revision control system that greatly aids developers in their day-to-day tasks such as storing, editing, saving, and collaborating on code.
Why should you use Bitbucket with WordPress?
 - The quality of your code will improve
 - You can use Bitbucket for private repositories.
 - Issues can be handled with ease through JIRA or the built-in issue tracker.
Deploying from Bitbucket to WordPress
First make sure your server meets the following requirements:
 - Git is installed
 - You have shell access
 - The PHP exec function is enabled
Deployment Steps
Step 1. Install Git version control
Step 2. Convert your local WordPress into a Git repository
Step 3. Create a repository
Step 4. Commit and push the local repository to the remote one
Step 5. Create an account with Deploy
Step 6. Create a project for deployment
Step 7. Enter your login details
Step 8. Configure the deployment server
Step 9. Perform a test deploy
Step 10. Activate automated deployment

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text:
Middle Bass Island is an island of the U.S. state of Ohio, located in Lake Erie. A small town, Middle Bass, lies on the island. The 805-acre (3.258 km²) island is shaped like the Big Dipper and is one of three Bass Islands located at the center of a group of 23 smaller islands.
Some of its more famous neighbors are South Bass Island, with the town of Put-in-Bay, Kelleys Island, and Pelee Island. The island has a year-round population of 95 residents (2000 census). Seasonal population surges to near 1,500 residents during the summer.
The island was landed upon by French explorer, Robert La Salle, in 1679. The abundance of wildflowers on the island impressed La Salle and his crew so much that they appropriately named it Isle des Fleures, the Floral Island. It would retain this name for the next 200 years until it was acquired by a German count in 1856. With the aid of immigrant German workers, the island was used for growing grapes. This proved to be a very successful undertaking.
By 1875, Middle Bass Island's Golden Eagle Winery was reputed to be the largest wine producer in the United States. The Lonz family acquired the business in 1884 and owned and operated it until the death of George Lonz in 1968. Lonz Winery has often been compared with the wineries of the German Rhineland. The old castle-like structure has been visited by countless dignitaries including five American Presidents. The winery is now part of a corporation bearing the Lonz name. Since 1979, the wines have been made by Italian enologist Claudio Salvador.
Lonz Winery was purchased by the state of Ohio with the intention of one day establishing a state park.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
In vivo Simultaneous Monitoring by Pt - disk Microelectrodes of Intracerebral Hydrogen Peroxide and Dopamine in Rats
A technique was developed for simultaneous monitoring of temporal changes in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and dopamine (DA) levels by using Pt-disk microelectrodes (φ 30 μm). H2O2 and DA were determined by differential double-pulse amperometry (for H2O2; 1st step, 750 mV, 1000 ms; 2nd step, 1100 mV, 1000 ms: for DA; 1st step, 150 mV, 600 ms; 2nd step, 250 mV, 50 ms). The electrode for H2O2 or DA is capable of determining each target substance and these substances do not interfere with each other. For an in vivo application, the electrodes were implanted into the striatum of rats and used successfully to monitor intrastriatal changes in H2O2 and DA simultaneously after intraperitoneal injection of methamphetamine while the animals were moving freely.
- Chemistry letters
Chemistry letters 1999(6), 497-498, 1999-06-05
The Chemical Society of Japan

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
A novel written through an artificial intelligence program has passed through the first round of judging for the Hoshi Shinichi Literary Award.
The book is called, The Day A Computer Writes A Novel, and is one of 11 books submitted to the prize that were written by robots (1,450 books were submitted in total). Digital Trends has more:
"I was surprised at the work because it was a well-structured novel. But there are still some problems [to overcome] to win the prize, such as character descriptions," said Satoshi Hase, a Japanese science fiction novelist who was part of the press conference surrounding the award.
These programs are not without some human intelligence. As The Los Angeles Times points out, there is about 80 percent human involvement, as the programmers created plot points, character details and words and phrases. The computer did construct the text.


Make sure your website's drop-down menus work on an iPad
Apple iPad
Getting those drop-down menus on your website to work on an iPad
By the end of 2011, Apple had sold more than 55 million iPads worldwide. In many markets, sales of the iPad represented over 70% of tablet computer purchases. Therefore it is important to make sure your website is fully functional when used on an iPad.
If you don't have an iPad, one of the first things you can do is to view your website using the Safari web browser which is what iPads use by default. Safari is available for Windows, Linux and comes standard on Macs. You can download Safari for free.
Unfortunately, using Safari on your PC or Mac isn't quite the same as using it on an iPad. One of the reasons is that "hover" events in HTML/CSS cannot be performed on an iPad. A hover event occurs when you hover your mouse over something, without clicking, causing an action, such as a menu to drop down. Interestingly, Android-based tablet computers emulate the hover action by allowing you to tap on the area which would cause something like a menu to drop down. This tapping is ignored on iPad and other Apple mobile devices.
So if you have a website which uses a standard HTML/CSS drop-down menu (constructed using HTML list elements such as <LI>) and it relies on the "hover" event to make the menu items reveal themselves, then it probably won't work on an iPad.
There are many solutions which make the iPad behave like an Android-based tablet whereby clicking on a button will emulate a "hover" and display the full drop-down menu. Some solutions use JavaScript while others use code to try and detect if you're using an iPad and work around it. There are many ways to accomplish this, however we began a quest to discover the quickest and simplest method of getting those drop-down menus to work on an iPad, and the solution ended up being trivial.
To make a drop-down menu appear when someone taps on the menu button, all you need to do is add
onClick="return true"
to the "A" tag within any list item (such as <LI>) that triggers a menu to pop up. This works for cascading menus as well.
This simple workaround has no affect on people using web browsers on desktop or laptop computers – it just forces the menu to pop up on an iPad when someone taps on the menu button, which is equivalent to a click.
We have verified this all works on a couple of websites we manage that use HTML/CSS drop-down menus:
 1. Beach Stays
 2. Dogs on Holidays
Originally, the drop-down menus on those sites failed to operate on an iPad due to the missing "hover" functionality, making it impossible to access the hidden menu items and forcing people to go through the tedious routine of returning back to the home page to access an index of the website's contents. Once we explicitly defined a click action to emulate a hover, suddenly those drop-down menus began working (when you tap on them) just like on a desktop computer!
Due to the popularity of iPads, it is important to make sure all parts of your website work correctly on them, including those HTML/CSS drop down menus which are becoming quite popular nowadays.

26 thoughts on "Make sure your website's drop-down menus work on an iPad"
 1. That works to an extent but this does not allow you to link to a separate page from the that activate the drop-down menu. Such as "Choose A Beach" on "The Best Beaches" site.
 2. Your point is definitely true, however in our case we're lucky as it doesn't affect us, although others of course may find it an issue.
 On the Beach Stays website, we don't want to link to a page when someone clicks on the button that activates the drop-down menu or anything that triggers another menu. We only require a link to work when someone selects a menu item that goes no further. We are operating our menus identically to that in windowing applications on computers whereby clicking on something that causes a menu to appear or a cascading menu to pop up does nothing. It's the final menu item in the chain that causes something to happen.
 3. Yes, it's unfortunate that the solution we have proposed doesn't allow you to jump to a page when clicking on the top or title of the menu.
 But you do need to understand the conflict here. On a computer, a mouse hover and a click are two very different things, which is why you can associate two different actions for each. So you can expand the menu for a mouse hover and jump to a web page when you click anything – be in the menu title or the menu options which pop out.
 Now, on the iPad, there is no way to hover. As soon as you tap the screen, like you're operating a mouse, it's effectively doing a click. So our solution essentially converts a tap on the menu title (which would normally be a click), into a hover, and out pops the menu.
 One possible way to achieve what you want (although it would be more complex than our trivial solution) would be an arrangement such that when you tap on the menu title, it expands the menu, and then if you tap on the menu title again, it goes to the menu title's page – i.e. just like clicking on the menu title directly on a computer.
 Personally, I think it is wrong to have a menu title that can be clicked on to go to a page if the menu also expands to several options below. Look at how the menu options operate on any computer application. You click on the menu title, and a menu pops out. You can only select from the options that expand out – you can't get anywhere by clicking on the menu title. After all, it's ambiguous for the menu title to lead anywhere when you have all those options expanding out. This is particularly evident when you see websites that have menus with clickable titles usually directing the title click to the first item in the pull-down menu. For example, on your flor360.com website, if you click on the menu title "Ocasiones", it actually takes people to the first item in the pop-out menu, that being "Mostrar todos". You basically have two things you can click on to get to that page. And people then have to work out whether there is any difference with clicking on the menu title of "Ocasiones" or going straight to "Mostrar todos".
 1. Just seen this, as someone who is learning all the time, well: you really really helped me loads…..so thanks a lot. Very much appreciated as it's exactly what I needed….
 1. Hi Jeyjoo, can you tell me how you made it in joomla? I have 3.3 end I saw that your menu is in the iphone seen in the left upper corner. I would like to have the same for viila-weiss.de
 looking forward for a hint. thanks a lot
 4. Android-based mobile devices didn't seem to have a problem with drop-down menus as a tap gets interpreted a hover action in a suitable context. However, using the suggested fix doesn't cause any problems with Android devices, so it doesn't have any affect on them. Use with confidence!
 5. Thanks, I just hit this issue while learning about some web redesign concepts. So frustrating that one of the main methods for a web menu isn't supported by Apple. For a company that is supposed to make things simple, you'd think they would include a method to translate this for their users, instead of breaking site navigation that uses common protocol. A great and easy solution!
 1. That's a very good point. If you have several levels of menu items open, then tapping on the top one will certainly fold away all those secondary menus, but still leave the first drop-down menu list open. The only way to get rid of the first drop-down menu left open is to tap on the refresh/reload button so you get a new copy of the web page.
 Obviously our solution is very simple, but it has its limitations. Maybe someone can come up with some code which can be inserted into the "onClick" directive that first checks the status of the menu display and then performs the appropriate action based on that.
 6. Thanks for the article!
 We were having problems with a dropdown menu on iPads & found this article, but it didn't quite fit our use case – our has a link inside it, so by returning true it would follow that link as normal. Also if someone then clicks (well, touches!) the again, we want it to follow the link that was there.
 To fix this, I did the following for touchscreen devices (requires jQuery):
 // Detect touch function based on _URL_
 function is_touch_device() {
 return true;
 return !!('ontouchstart' in window) // works on most browsers
 || !!('onmsgesturechange' in window); // works on ie10
 };
 // If touch screen device: Use a different method
 if (is_touch_device()) {
 // Dropdown nav items click
 $


Researchers study french fry oil from fast-food chains vs. small businesses
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
Posted: Jan 21, 2010
With more Americans eating out, at least three times a week, and a lack of adequate nutritional information available to consumers, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa geobiology professor A. Hope Jahren and postdoctoral researcher Brian A. Schubert wanted to examine the oil content in a growing trend on American restaurant menus: french fries. What they found was that the majority of national chain restaurants on O'ahu served fries containing corn oil—which is higher in cholesterol-raising saturated fat than other vegetable oils such as canola, soy and safflower—as compared to small mom-and-pop restaurants.
The team found that the majority (69 percent) of the national chain restaurants served fries containing corn oil, whereas this was true for only a minority (20 percent) of the small businesses. Jahren and Schubert concluded that fries at the mom-&-pop restaurants are slightly healthier than at the big chains, thus making them a better dining choice.
Jahren and Schubert conducted their research over a year and a half by purchasing fries at 134 restaurants on the island of O'ahu and analyzing the expressed oil for carbon isotope value. Because O'ahu is geographically small, Jahren and Schubert were able to sample 68 of the 101 national chain fast food restaurants on the island, as well as a similar number of small local restaurants. Thus, they captured a profile of fast-food fries available to a population. Local restaurants sampled include Big City Diner, Rainbow's Drive Inn, Like Like Drive Inn, Kanpai Bar and Grill and South Shore Grill.
 "Surprisingly, there was such a clear difference between the amount of corn oil in fast-food chains and the local mom-and-pop restaurants," said Jahren. "Since corn oil is more expensive than other vegetable oils, we hypothesized that it would be a simple function of what was cheapest."
However, Jahren and her team discovered that to make corn oil cost-effective, it is necessary to contract ingredients on a large scale from preferred distributors, which makes sense for national chains, but not from a small business profit perspective.
Fast-food restaurants are not providing enough ingredient and nutrient content at the point of purchase. "People want to eat right, they just don't know how," noted Jahren. "Multiple studies have demonstrated that knowledge of ingredients leads to changed eating habits."
The study was not supported by any public or private agency. All participants donated their money, time, travel and expertise. Jahren and Schubert's article "Corn content of French fry oil from national chain vs. small business restaurants" is published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences at:


The stargate of devices
Open your topic
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QEST is a stargate between the universe of devices which speak MQTT, and the universe of apps which speak HTTP and REST. In this way you don't have to deal any custom protocol, you just GET and PUT the topic URI, like these:
$ curl -X PUT -d '{ "hello": 555 }' \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
$ curl _URL_
{ "hello": 555 }
Let's build cool things with MQTT, REST and Arduino!
Here we are dreaming a Web of Things, where you can reach (and interact) with each of your "real" devices using the web, as it's the Way everybody interacts with a computer these days. However it's somewhat hard to build these kind of apps, so researchers have written custom protocols for communicating with the devices.
The state-of-the-art protocol for devices is MQTT, which is standard, free of royalties, and widespread: there are libraries for all the major platforms.
The state-of-the-art protocol for apps are REST and HTTP, so why can't we bridge them? So QEST was born.
Mailing list


tutorStudy Options
Vocabulary Quiz
famous • unique • dusk
foggy • rumored • look from
 1. His art is. I've never seen anything like it before.
 2. The mosquitoes come out at.
 3. Many tourists like to climb the Eiffel Tower to the top.
 4. This is a very building in this area. It is almost 150 years old.
 5. The day is really wet and today.
 6. It is that he wrote this song about his first girlfriend, but he won't tell anyone.
Comprehension Quiz
Answer the following questions about the interview.
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414 Bay Area Bridges
Todd talks about the bridges of the Bay Area.
 - Transcript
 - Audio Notes
The Golden Gate Bridge, perhaps the most famous bridge in the world, is famous for it's size and color.
Something or someone that is 'famous' is recognized by people all over the world. Notice the following:
 1. This is the most famous picture of Marilyn Monroe.
 2. He became famous as a child for the role he played in this movie.
It's unique color is officially known as "orange vermilion."
If something or someone is 'unique' it is special and different from other things like it. Notice the following:
 1. A lot of his ideas are unique, but I don't really agree with him.
 2. Those earrings are really unique. Where did you get them'
On a clear day, when the sun sets at dusk, the water turns from blue to gold.
'Dusk' is the time of day when the such is going down, but there is still a little bit of light. Notice the following:
 1. You need to arrive before dusk, because it's really dangerous to drive on this road at night.
 2. I can see just fine during the day, but at dusk things start to get a little unclear. I think I'm going to buy glasses.
San Francisco has large amounts of fog, especially in summer.
'Fog' is like a cloud close to the earth. If you are in fog, it is difficult to see in front of you. Notice the following:
 1. The fog was really bad this morning on the way to work.
 2. There is always a little fog in the valley in the morning.
When information is 'rumored' to be true we don't know if that information is correct, but that is what people believe to be true. Notice the following:
 1. That house is rumored to be haunted.
 2. It is rumored that they plan to get married next year, but no official plans have been made.
look at, look from
The Golden Gate Bridge is beautiful to look at, but the Bay Bridge is a beautiful bridge to look from.
When you 'look at' something you are viewing it from a place that is a little far away, you are standing off of the bridge and viewing it. If you 'look from' a place it means that you are standing in that place at looking at the things around it. The example is saying that one bridge is beautiful, but the view from the other one is beautiful. Notice the following:
 1. Come over here and look at this sofa. What do you think?
 2. The best part of climbing the mountain is looking at the city from the top.


Could Augmented Reality Help Fight Parkinson's-related "Freezing"?
A team of students at Rice University developed an app that uses visual cues to mitigate that vexing symptom.
Image courtesy Rice University. Image has been cropped for size.
Studies have found that many people with Parkinson's disease try to shroud their symptoms out of social fear. That obviously isn't a good thing: Everyone deserves to make it through their day, or at least down the street, without fearing how their motions may look to others.
A team of Rice University engineering students have designed a system that might help those with the disease get through one of its most vexing symptoms in a way that's pretty discreet in today's society: By staring at a smartphone screen.
The phenomenon known as "freezing" occurs for many Parkinson's patients. It's when their limbs temporarily won't do what their brain is telling them to, causing them to "freeze" during activities like walking. Sometimes, a simple visual cue can help spur their motion.
That's where augmented reality (AR) comes in. The students developed a smartphone app that allows a user to place one of those cues, like a circle or block (see image above), to target where on the ground their next step should land. According to a brief from Rice, the cue is often enough to spur patients back into their gait.
"This is for patients who, in their day-to-day lives, experience freezing episodes," one team member, Gaby Perez, said. The app can also use tactile and audio cues, which Perez said other devices meant to assist with the problem typically don't incorporate.
A smartphone app is also cheaper and more innocuous than those other solutions, like laser-guiding canes. One of Perez's teammates, Dan Burke, said that the project "has the potential to work more effectively and at a fraction of the cost." The app—which is more proof-of-concept than eventual product—was designed for iPhones, but the team said it should be adaptable to Android devices as well.
To help assist patients who may suffer from Parkinson's-related tremors, the team helped design a lanyard phone holder that can make the device easier to hold. There's been a lot of recent research on this front, too: A team in Finland just released a study about an optimizer they'd developed that uses artificial intelligence to create smartphone interfaces for people with various symptoms (including tremors) that can make touchscreens difficult to use. Another new study from Johns Hopkins University detailed an mHealth app developed to track Parkinson's disease progression based on
The team at Rice—which calls itself Stairway to Stability—said that many of the patients they worked with are experiencing milder Parkinson's symptoms, but that the freezing problem already affected all of them in some way.
"They've each talked about the mental gymnastics they go through to be able to move their feet again. They're very interested in anything that can reduce that burden," team member Keshev Rao said. His colleague, Kristen Smith, added that a discreet solution was one of their main goals.
Related Coverage:
Want Better Treatments for Parkinson's Disease? Smartphones Can Help
Computer Models Used to Predict Progression of Parkinson's Disease in Patients
AI Can Tailor Touchscreens for Those With Disabilities


text:
Engineers Without Borders- Los Angeles Professional Chapter (EWB-LA) is developing an improvement project in Tanzania for the village of Lulindi's existing tap water system. In 2015, EWB-LA went to Lulindi to build a French drain in order to provide an increased flow of water during the dry season into an already built catchment basin. This catchment basin is the main source of water for the village, and water is distributed to several taps that are installed throughout the village. Other bacteriological water quality tests presented obstacles because the village is in a remote area with no lab access and the terrain is steep, making it difficult to carry a lot of equipment for water quality testing.
EWB-LA used the CBT to identify a high level of E. coli contamination in the village's main water source.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Table of Contents
 1. About the Security Guide
 2. Introduction to Informatica Security
 3. User Authentication
 4. LDAP Security Domains
 5. Kerberos Authentication Setup
 6. Domain Security
 7. Security Management in Informatica Administrator
 8. Users and Groups
 9. Privileges and Roles
 10. Permissions
 11. Audit Reports
 12. Command Line Privileges and Permissions
 13. Custom Roles
Security for Data Analyzer
Security for Data Analyzer
When you create the Reporting Service, you can configure the secure HTTPS properties for Data Analyzer.
To secure the connection between the browser and the Reporting Service, configure the following Reporting Service property:
Enable HTTPS on port
The SSL port that the Reporting Service uses for secure connections. You can edit the value if you have configured the HTTPS port for the node where you create the Reporting Service. Enter a value between 1 and 65535 and ensure that it is not the same as the HTTP port. If the node where you create the Reporting Service is not configured for the HTTPS port, you cannot configure HTTPS for the Reporting Service.
Default is 16443.
Updated April 29, 2019


Crest Badge
(information researched by danum2000 for
The Armored Arm: A person with qualities of leadership
The Cross: Actually called a "Cross Crosslet Fitchee", this cross is actually (4) crosses, and a combination of the cross and sword.
The (4) crosses symbolize the fourfold mystery of the cross and/or spreading the four gospels to the four corners of the earth. This is said to be a symbol of the Crusaders, as the crusaders would carry large crosses with pointed ends so they could easily stick them into the ground, kneel and pray before battle.
The combination of the cross and sword is also considered a symbol of unshakable faith and defenders of the faith.
The colour of the cross being red, symbolizes a Warrior or martyr; Military strength and magnanimity.
The "Cap" that the Armored Arm rests on is call the "Cap of Maintenance" and was granted to Scottish Barons (or Lords) (shown on the Badge).
The lions are symbolic of the descent from the Scottish Kings of ancient Dal Riada (Dal Riada was the ancient name for ancient Kingdom of Northeastern Ireland and Western Scotland).
The Black Galleys are called the Black Galleys of Lorn symbolizing descent from the royal house of the Norse (the King of Norway).
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text:
Mac's and serial TTY's (Using usb to serial adapter with MAC)
It's not actually necessary to download an install extra software, as you can use the Mac OS X built in Terminal and screen. Screen lacks some features, but it does include VT100/ANSI terminal emulation, and can be extremely useful.
- Open an OS X terminal session (window)
- Find the right TTY device. Type:
With the USB-Serial adapter plugged in, you'll get a list, including something like this:
$ ls /dev/cu.* /dev/cu.Bluetooth-Modem /dev/cu.iPhone-WirelessiAP /dev/cu.Bluetooth-PDA-Sync /dev/cu.usbserial
- Then type:
screen /dev/cu.usbserial 9600(in this example).
- The 9600 at the end is the baud rate. You can use any standard rate,
- eg, 9600, or 19200 for a Sig Server!
- To quit the screen app, type CTRL-A, then CTRL-.
man screen in Terminal for further information on screen. (use 'enter' or 'space' to scroll, and 'q' to quit).


International Studies Abroad ®est. 1987
Universities in Townsville
James Cook University - Townsville
As Queensland's second oldest university, James Cook University (JCU) is world renowned for its research and instruction focused on the tropics. The University is surrounded by numerous ecosystems including the Great Barrier Reef, rainforests of the Wet Tropics and more where students are able to apply their studies within the diverse environment. JCUTownsville is recognized by the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations, Australia. At JCU there are hundreds of study areas for students to choose from, many offering exciting, hands-on field components. Popular study areas include:
Marine Biology
Tropical Biology and Zoology
Rainforest and Coastal Science
Earth Sciences/Geology
Indigenous Australian Studies
James Cook University's Townsville campus is the University's largest campus, boasting approximately 12,300 students, including over 1,400 international students. The campus surroundings provide students with easy access to everything they will need during their time at JCU, including a large variety of outdoor activities, visits to the Great Barrier Reef and nearby islands and resorts, historic outback towns, and World Heritage listed rainforests. Diverse environments, vibrant communities, and challenging academic programs are just a few of the reasons why so many students choose to study abroad at James Cook University.
Times Higher Education has ranked James Cook University within the top 300 universities (2016).
James Cook University supports ISA students with four $500 AUD awards per year.
Cricos Code: 00117J
Our programs at the James Cook University - Townsville


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Hot set test for cross-linked materials IEC 60811-507 / UNE-EN 60811-507
Plastic materials are categorized
according to their features into
thermoplastic and thermoset
For thermoplastics, rising the temperature makes them softer and easy to deform, while thermoset resist better deformation. This temperature related behavior makes each type appropriate for certain uses.
The electricity Flow through conductors causes a temperature rise depending on resistance and amperage. That's why, when compared to thermoplastic materials, thermoset made insulations allow higher current capacities or installations in higher temperature environments without compromising the cable features, because their integrity is better preserved.
Thermoset materials acquire
these properties through
the process known
When manufacturing cables with thermoset insulation it is critical to guarantee that the cross-linking process has been completed and the desired features have been achieved. By performing this test we check if the cable insulation has the desirable characteristics.
Before proceeding with the test the plastic is separated from the metal conductor and, depending on the conductor size, a tube sample or, when possible, a dumbbell sample is prepared.
The test consists of exposing the samples to a high temperature in an oven (conditions are usually set by the cable standard), hanging from a holder with a weigh attached to their low end. The weigh is determined according to the test standard and depends on the sample cross section.
If the results obtained are within
the required elongation values
the proper cross-linking level
is considered to be reached
When the specified time has past the cable elongation is measured and compared to its initial size (hot elongation). After that the weight is removed and the sample is left to cool to room temperature to obtain the permanent elongation value.
If the values obtained are within the limits required for the hot elongation and the permanent elongation the cross-linking grade is appropriate.


You can change the usagemeter and umauditor account passwords due to security restrictions or other reasons.
Important: Passwords for your usagemeter and umauditor accounts do not expire. However, VMware recommends updating the passwords periodically.
Prerequisites
You can log in to the vCloud Usage Meter console as root.
Procedure
 1. Log in to the virtual machine console as root.
 2. To change the usagemeter or umauditor passwords, run the passwd user-account command.
 For example: passwd usagemeter
 3. To confirm the change, enter a new password, then reenter the same password to verify it.
 Note: The passwords for all user accounts must meet the following requirements.
 - Passwords must be at least six characters long.
 - Passwords must contain at least one numeral from 0 to 9.
 - Passwords must contain at least one lowercase letter.
 - Passwords must contain at least one uppercase letter.
 - Passwords must contain at least one special character.
 4. Log out from the virtual machine console.
Results
You successfully changed the usagemeter or umauditor account password for the vCloud Usage Meter appliance.


Genetic gains made possible
Genetic gains for Australian Angus breeders
R&D has been critical for genetic improvement in Angus and all livestock species.
Angus Australia is committed to the ongoing advancement of the Angus breed, and the organisation believes research and development (R&D) is vital to achieving positive outcomes.
Angus Australia's strategic projects manager Christian Duff manages many of the organisation's R&D projects, both those that it runs directly - such as the Angus Sire Benchmarking Program - and those undertaken in collaboration with other researchers. Mr Duff is also a part-time PhD student focusing on livestock genetics.
"R&D has been critical for genetic improvement in Angus and all livestock species," he said.
"Without R&D, productivity gains through genetics would be limited by reliance on visual assessment in relation to breeding animal selections, such as bulls and heifers."
Making positive change with regards to genetics is a particular focus for Angus Australia.
"R&D collaboration with Angus Australia needs to be focused, particularly in relation to Angus breeding cattle and on making genetic gains for commercially and socially relevant traits," Mr Duff said.
"If we are talking to researchers about collaborative R&D, we need to know that it is going to add value in relation to new knowledge and potentially add to - or increase - rates of genetic gains.
"This provides Angus Australia members and the broader industry enhanced information that can be used to breed better cattle now and into the future."
Mr Duff believes the work facilitated by Angus Australia in the R&D space is of great benefit to the Australian beef industry as a whole.
"From my perspective, the good thing about working for Angus Australia and Angus breeders is any small positive change you can make, that is adopted by Angus breeders, will have a big flow-on effect," he said.
"There are obviously a lot of Angus and Angus-influenced cattle in the Australian beef industry, particularly in the southern states."
A recent survey revealed there were about 5.6 million breeding females with Angus influence in Australia.
About 2.4 million, or 20 per cent of the national herd, were pure Angus.
"What those numbers highlight from a breeding technology perspective, is if you can make a small improvement in the sires we are putting into the industry through R&D, it will have a big flow-on effect and improve things for the whole supply chain and for the consumer, making sure they get a product they are happy with, that they like to eat and are happy to keep paying for," Mr Duff said.
Angus Australia's priority research areas include breeding female productivity (fertility, longevity and body composition), structural soundness, eating quality, health, welfare and immune competence, methane emissions, climate resilience and adaptation, global benchmarking of Angus genetics across countries, and optimal use of genomic technology.
"One key research area that we are really focusing on at the moment is to better understand the maternal traits of the cow," Mr Duff said.
"Angus is a maternal breed - people generally keep the daughters to breed with - so the cow traits are important, things such as fertility, efficiency, longevity and soundness.
"We are doing more collaborative R&D in that space to enhance our knowledge.
"In collaboration with Dr Sam Clarke and his team at the University of New England, we are currently investigating longevity for Angus to estimate genetic parameters and ultimately produce a research breeding value for longevity based on Australian Angus data, which in effect impacts profitability in the commercial herd.
"The aim being to select sires that produce daughters that stay in the herd for a desired amount of time, that don't fall out of the system early for reasons such as fertility and structural issues."
Angus Australia highly values its collaborations with other leading research organisations. Mr Duff said partnerships were critical to innovative genetic improvements for the breed.
Without R&D, productivity gains through genetics would be limited by reliance on visual assessment in relation to breeding animal selections, such as bulls and heifers. - Christian Duff, Angus Australia's strategic projects manager
Co-collaborators include AbacusBio, Agricultural Business Research Institute, American Angus Association, Charles Sturt University, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Animal Genetics and Breeding Unit, CSIRO, and the University of New England.
"We have a lot of skills at Angus Australia, but we don't have all the knowledge and people, so we have to collaborate to boost our R&D objectives," Mr Duff said.
"We currently collaborate with 10 research organisations.
"Together with leading groups like the University of New England and the Animal Genetics and Breeding Unit, we are really focused on the genetic side of things.
"We also undertake collaborative research and evaluation with international groups like the American Angus Association, plus tertiary educators such as the University of Queensland.
"One of the groups we are doing more and more collaboration with is the CSIRO, they've got a really good team of geneticists, but also the right people to come up with new ways of collecting new but commercially important phenotypes.
"We are keen to collaborate with a range of research organisations to hit those research objectives."
Mr Duff said the success of such R&D programs is measured against a number of benchmarks.
"Ultimately, because we are primarily focused on genetic technology, and a member focused company, we look at what R&D has a high chance of being applied and adopted," he said.
"Not all research gets to that point, which we appreciate, as you can't expect all R&D to transition to the applied stage."
Once some of the technology advances to the applied stage, and is promoted through Angus Australia's extension and education team, adoption and uptake by members and the broader industry are followed.
"Primarily, we measure that by how determining how many people are recording new information or using the new information to select breeding stock,' he said.
"Over time we want to be facilitating positive genetic changes to the Angus breed in Australia, so we also monitor genetic trends on a regular basis."
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If you're looking for a quick and easy dinner that's packed with flavor, look no further than shrimp scampi. This classic dish is bursting with garlic, butter, and lemony goodness, and it only takes a few minutes to prepare. Whether you're cooking for one or feeding a crowd, there's a shrimp scampi recipe out there that's perfect for you. In this article, we've rounded up some of the best recipes around, so you can find your new go-to dish. Don't be intimidated by the fancy name – making shrimp scampi at home is a breeze!
The History of Shrimp Scampi
Shrimp scampi is a delicious dish that has a rich history and has evolved over time to become a popular choice for seafood lovers around the world. This mouthwatering dish is known for its succulent shrimp, flavorful sauce, and aromatic herbs and spices. In this article, we will explore the origins of shrimp scampi, from its ancient Roman roots to its American adaptation and modern variations. So, grab a napkin and get ready to dive into the fascinating history of shrimp scampi.
Ancient Roman Origins
The origins of shrimp scampi can be traced back to ancient Rome. The Romans were known for their love of seafood, and they were the first to discover the delight of preparing shrimp in a garlicky butter sauce. They would sauté the shrimp in olive oil, garlic, and various herbs and spices, creating a dish that was both simple and flavorful. This ancient recipe laid the foundation for what would later become known as shrimp scampi.
Fun fact: The word "scampi" actually comes from the Italian word for shrimp, "scampo."
The dish made its way to America with Italian immigrants, who brought their culinary traditions to the New World. In the early 20th century, Italian-American restaurants started serving their own version of shrimp scampi, adapting the recipe to suit the tastes of their American clientele. The dish gained popularity and became a staple in many Italian-American households.
Interesting fact: Shrimp scampi was included in the first edition of the renowned Italian cookbook "The Talisman" in 1827.
As time passed, shrimp scampi continued to evolve and adapt to different palates and regional cuisines. Chefs and home cooks started experimenting with the recipe, adding their own twists and ingredients to create unique variations of the classic dish. Today, you can find a wide array of shrimp scampi recipes that incorporate ingredients like lemon juice, white wine, red pepper flakes, and even bacon.
Did you know? Some modern versions of shrimp scampi also include pasta, creating a delightful seafood pasta dish.
Whether you prefer the traditional Roman-style preparation or you enjoy exploring the many modern variations, shrimp scampi is a dish that has stood the test of time. Its simplicity and versatility have made it a favorite among seafood enthusiasts worldwide. So, the next time you crave a taste of history and delight, whip up a batch of flavorful shrimp scampi and savor every delicious bite.
The Best Shrimp for Scampi
When it comes to preparing a delicious shrimp scampi dish, choosing the right type of shrimp is crucial. Not all shrimp are created equal, and some varieties work better than others in this classic Italian recipe. In this section, you will learn about the different types of shrimp that work well in shrimp scampi and how to choose the best option for your dish.
Fresh vs. Frozen Shrimp
One of the first decisions you have to make when selecting shrimp for your scampi is whether to use fresh or frozen shrimp. Both options have their own advantages and it ultimately depends on your preference and availability. Fresh shrimp, which are typically found in the seafood section of grocery stores, offer a delicate and sweet flavor. They can be more expensive than frozen shrimp and require careful handling to maintain their freshness.
Frozen shrimp, on the other hand, are a convenient option that can be kept in your freezer until you are ready to use them. They are often less expensive than fresh shrimp and can be just as tasty when cooked properly. Freezing helps preserve the shrimp's texture and flavor, making it a viable choice for shrimp scampi. Just make sure to thaw the shrimp properly before cooking to avoid any unpleasant textures.
The size of the shrimp you choose for your scampi can also impact the overall dish. Shrimp are typically categorized by their count per pound, such as 16/20 or 31/40. The first number represents the range of how many shrimp are in a pound, while the second number indicates the size on the smaller end of the range.
If you prefer a more substantial bite, opt for larger shrimp, such as 16/20 or 21/25. These larger shrimp will have a meatier texture and can stand up to the bold flavors of the scampi sauce. On the other hand, if you prefer smaller, bite-sized shrimp, go for options like 31/40 or smaller. These smaller shrimp will cook faster and distribute more evenly throughout the dish.
Wild-caught vs. Farm-raised
Another consideration when selecting shrimp for your scampi is whether to choose wild-caught or farm-raised shrimp. Wild-caught shrimp are harvested from their natural habitats, such as oceans or rivers. They are often believed to have a more intense flavor and are considered to be more sustainable and environmentally friendly.
Farm-raised shrimp, also known as aquaculture, are raised in controlled environments, such as ponds or tanks. They are typically fed a specific diet and are protected from predators. Farm-raised shrimp can have a milder flavor compared to their wild-caught counterparts, but they are often more readily available and typically cheaper.
Ultimately, the choice between wild-caught and farm-raised shrimp comes down to personal preference and priorities. If you prioritize sustainability and a stronger flavor, opt for wild-caught shrimp. If convenience and cost are more important to you, then farm-raised shrimp may be the better option.
By considering the freshness, size, and sourcing of the shrimp, you can ensure that your shrimp scampi dish turns out perfect every time. Whether you prefer fresh shrimp or the convenience of frozen ones, and whether you choose larger or smaller shrimp, there's a combination that will satisfy your taste buds. So go ahead, experiment with different types of shrimp and enjoy the deliciousness of shrimp scampi!
Essential Ingredients for Shrimp Scampi
When it comes to preparing a delicious shrimp scampi dish, it all starts with the essential ingredients. These key components not only add flavor but also contribute to the overall taste and texture of the dish. Let's dive into the three must-have ingredients for your easy shrimp scampi recipes.
Garlic and Butter
At the heart of any shrimp scampi recipe lies the perfect combination of garlic and butter. Garlic, with its pungent aroma and distinct flavor, adds a rich and savory taste to the dish. By sautéing minced garlic in butter, you release its natural oils and create a base that infuses the shrimp with incredible flavor. As the butter melts, it coats each succulent shrimp, enhancing their natural sweetness.
Lemon and White Wine
A splash of fresh lemon juice and a generous pour of white wine can take your shrimp scampi to new heights. The tangy and citrusy notes from the lemon juice brighten up the dish and balance the richness of the butter and garlic. Meanwhile, white wine adds a subtle acidity and depth of flavor. As it simmers with the other ingredients, the alcohol evaporates, leaving behind a delicate and aromatic essence.
Parsley and Red Pepper Flakes
To add a burst of freshness and a hint of heat to your shrimp scampi, parsley and red pepper flakes are the go-to ingredients.  Chopped parsley provides a vibrant, earthy taste that cuts through the richness of the butter and complements the flavors of the shrimp perfectly. As for red pepper flakes, they bring a gentle kick of spiciness, elevating the dish and offering a subtle heat that lingers on the palate.
These three essential ingredients work in harmony to create a shrimp scampi dish that is both flavorful and satisfying. Whether you're a seasoned chef or a beginner in the kitchen, mastering the art of shrimp scampi relies on understanding the importance of these key components. So next time you're planning to whip up an easy shrimp scampi recipe, make sure you have these ingredients on hand to guarantee a delicious and memorable dining experience.
Quick and Easy Shrimp Scampi Cooking Methods
Are you craving a delicious shrimp scampi but don't have a lot of time to spare in the kitchen? No worries! In this article, we will explore different cooking methods that will help you prepare quick and easy shrimp scampi recipes. Whether you prefer the traditional stovetop skillet method, the convenient oven-baked method, or the flavorful grilled method, we've got you covered!
Stovetop Skillet Method
If you're looking for a classic and quick way to prepare shrimp scampi, the stovetop skillet method is your best bet. Start by heating a large skillet over medium-high heat. Melt a generous amount of butter and olive oil in the skillet until the butter is fully melted and sizzling. This combination of fats will give your shrimp scampi a rich and flavorful taste.
Pro tip: For added flavor, you can mince some garlic cloves and sauté them in the skillet before adding the shrimp. This will infuse the dish with a delightful garlicky aroma.


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Landslide Maps for the 2017 Mexico Earthquake
The global Landslide Hazard Assessment for Situational Awareness (LHASA) model is developed to provide situational awareness of landslide hazards for a wide range of users. Precipitation is a common trigger of landslides. The GPMIntegrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) data shows recent precipitation, updated every thirty minutes. A LHASA landslide "nowcast" is created by comparing GPM data from the last seven days to the long-term precipitation record provided by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA). Because IMERG data is only available starting in 2014, the record of historical rainfall was established by TMPA, comparing 2001-present. The TMPA rainfall probability distributions were then compared to that of IMERG and the rainfall thresholds were adjusted so that the IMERG data more closely mapped to those of the TMPA archive. The past 7 days of rainfall are considered, with each day is weighted according to their date before present, with the last twenty-four hours having the most impact.


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Connector Courses from 2015 - Present
Below is a list of all connector courses that have been offered since Fall 2015.
|Data Science for Smart Cities||CIV ENG 88||Design and operation of smart, efficient, and resilient cities nowadays require data science skills. This course provides an introduction to working with data generated within transportation systems, power grids, communication networks, as well as collected via crowd-sensing and remote sensing technologies.|
|Time Series Analysis: Sea Level Rise and Coastal Flooding||CIV ENG 88B||In this course, we will pursue analysis of long-term records of coastal water levels in the context of sea level rise. We will cover the collection, evaluation, visualization and analysis of time series data using long-term records of sea levels from coastal sites around the world.|
|Data Science and the Mind||COGSCI 88||How does the human mind work? We explore this question by analyzing a range of data concerning such topics as human rationality and irrationality, human memory, how objects and events are represented in the mind, and the relation of language and cognition.|
|Computational Structures in Data Science||COMPSCI 88||Introduction to computer science in the context of data science. This course provides a formal and rigorous introduction to the programming topics that appear in Foundations of Data Science, expands the repertoire of computational concepts, and exposes students to techniques of abstraction at several levels, including layers of software and machines from a programmers' point of view.|
|Economic Models||DATA 88||This Data Science connector course will motivate and illustrate key concepts in Economics with examples in Python Jupyter notebooks. The course will give data science students a pathway to apply python programming and data science concepts within the discipline of economics. The course will also give economics students a pathway to apply programming to reinforce fundamental concepts and to advance the level of study in upper division coursework and possible thesis work.|
|Data Science for Genetics and Genomics||DATA 88||Recent years have witnessed a rapid expansion in the creation and utilization of genetic and genomic data across diverse domains such as business, biological research, and medicine. In this Data 8 connector course we will survey relevant questions of interest and employ the methods frequently relied upon by analysts to derive insights from genetic and genomic data. Topics will include the comparison of DNA sequences, dimension reduction, the characterization of transcriptomes, and genome-wide association studies, among others. In addition to hands-on work with data, we will also consider the history of the genetic and genomic sciences and their intersection with current events, ethics, and modern medicine. Students should exit with an understanding of the central role played by data in the fields and an appreciation for the remaining challenges in light of ever-increasing degrees of personalization of, and access to, these sciences. No biological background is required.|
|Data Science & Immigration||DEMOG 88||This course will cover the small but important part of the rich history of human migration that deals with the population of the United States--focusing on the period between 1850 and the present.|
|Exploring Geospatial Data||ESPM 88A||From interactive web maps to spatial data analysis, digital geographic data and information are becoming an important part of the data science landscape. Almost everything happens somewhere that can be mapped on the surface of the earth.|
|Data Sciences in Ecology and the Environment||ESPM 88B||In this course students will apply methods learned in the Foundations course to explore, pose, and answer key questions using relevant data from the Ecological and Environmental Sciences.|
|Data Science Applications in Geography||GEOG 88||Data science methods are increasingly important in geography and earth science. This course introduces some of the particular challenges of working with spatial data arising from characteristics specific to such data.|
|How Does History Count?||HIST 88||We will explore how historical data becomes historical evidence and how recent technological advances affect long-established practices, such as close attention to historical context and contingency. Will the advent of fast computing and big data make history "count" more or lead to unprecedented insights into the study of change over time?|
|How Does History Count? Exploring Japanese-American Internment through Digital Sources||HIST 88||On February 19, 1942, Executive Order 9066 authorized the detention of more than 120,000 people of Japanese descent, most of them American citizens living on the west coast. In this data science connector course, students will learn emerging digital methods for conducting historical research, which they will apply to the study of Japanese-American Internment.|
|Data and Ethics||INFO 88A||This course provides an introduction to critical and ethical issues surrounding data and society.|
|Race, Policing, and Data Science||L&S 39D||In this class, we will review available data sources on race and policing and ask what those data have to say about current events and the types of claims, typically causal, commonly invoked in public discourse surrounding these issues.|
|Social Networks||L&S 88||Insights from the study of social networks are used in a wide range of real-world settings, from predicting and preventing the spread of Ebola, to convincing people to vote for a political candidate, to connecting people across the globe through Facebook. Learn how to work with social network data and why it's useful.|
|Data Science for Cognitive Neuroscience||L&S 88||The human brain is a complex information processing system and is currently the topic of multiple fascinating branches of research. Understanding how it works is a very challenging scientific task.|
|Health, Human Behavior, and Data||L&S 88||We will examine and discuss measures of human health and longevity alongside arrays of measurable influences on health, identifying the key questions traditionally addressed in health sciences and exploring the current frontier. We will develop broad knowledge of the metrics, methods, and challenges, and we will apply them toward understanding of current issues in health policy.|
|Child Development Around the World: Analyzing Household Data Sets||L&S 88||How can we improve children's health and learning in the developing world? Students will use the World Bank's household survey data to explore relationships between nutrition and education outcomes and a variety of socioeconomic variables.|
|Genomics and Data Science||L&S 88||Genomics is triggering a revolution in medical discovery. Students will explore genomic data, including HIV genomics, personal genomics, and DNA forensics, as well as related legal and ethical issues. Biology background not required.|
|Literature and Data||L&S 88||In this course, we will apply methods learned in Foundations of Data Science to sets of literary texts in order to expand our reading practices. This humanities-oriented approach will require us to think about the limits of both new and traditional reading methods and how we make arguments based on data.|
|Web Data Visualization||L&S 88||
The course introduces students to Web science with a focus on how the Web works, types of Web data, and how to generate effective visualizations for Web data (e.g., social networks). The course covers basic principles and tools for understanding and visualizing Web data. It focuses heavily on project work that aims to give students hands-on experience with handling Web data. Because Web science is interdisciplinary by nature, this course connects students to different disciplines such as social science, computer science, and information science. At the end of the course, students should be able to apply Web mining techniques on and draw insights from real world data.
|Behind the Curtain in Economic Development||
This class will give students hands on experience looking at how data is gathered for analysis and provide context for the use of data for studying applied issues in economic development. The background will be a set of policy questions from a field study in rural Kenya on child health and clean drinking water.
|Rediscovering Texts as Data||L&S 88||
Humanists have traditionally emphasized the 'close reading' of a text, where value is placed on the nuances of specific passages. The increasing amount of digital text being published and archived affords us an opportunity to read text differently—as data on a scale larger than ever before. This 'distant reading' approach (mediated through the computer) complements our 'close reading' by providing a broader context for interpretation previously inaccessible.
|Crime and Punishment: Taking the Measure of the US Justice System||LEGALST 88||We will explore how data are used in the criminal justice system by exploring the debates surrounding mass incarceration and evaluating a number of different data sources that bear on police practices, incarceration, and criminal justice reform.|
|Immunotherapy of Cancer: Success and Failure||MCB 88||We will work with a variety of datasets that describe a molecular view of cells and how they divide. We will learn about the processes that cause cells to become specialized (differentiate) and to give rise to cancer (transform).|
|Probability and Mathematical Statistics in Data Science||STAT 88||In this connector course we will state precisely and prove results discovered in the foundational data science course through working with data.|
|Introduction to Matrices and Graphs in Data Science||STAT 89A||This connector will cover introductory topics in the mathematics of data science, focusing on discrete probability and linear algebra and the connections between them that are useful in modern theory and practice.|


Validation of an algorithm to determine the primary care treatability of emergency department visits
Molly Moore Jeffery, M. Fernanda Bellolio, Julian Wolfson, Jean M. Abraham, Bryan E. Dowd, Robert L. Kane
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
15 Scopus citations
Abstract
Objectives: We propose a new claims-computable measure of the primary care treatability of emergency department (ED) visits and validate it using a nationally representative sample of Medicare data. Study design and setting: This is a validation study using 2011-2012 Medicare claims data for a nationally representative 5% sample of fee-for-service beneficiaries to compare the new measure's performance to the Ballard variant of the Billings algorithm in predicting hospitalisation and death following an ED visit. Outcomes: Hospitalisation within 1 day or 1 week of an ED visit; death within 1 week or 1 month of an ED visit. Results: The Minnesota algorithm is a strong predictor of hospitalisations and deaths, with performance similar to or better than the most commonly used existing algorithm to assess the severity of ED visits. The Billings/Ballard algorithm is a better predictor of death within 1 week of an ED visit; this finding is entirely driven by a small number of ED visits where patients appear to have been dead on arrival. Conclusions: The procedure-based approach of the Minnesota algorithm allows researchers to use the clinical judgement of the ED physician, who saw the patient to determine the likely severity of each visit. The Minnesota algorithm may thus provide a useful tool for investigating ED use in Medicare beneficiaries.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Article numbere011739
JournalBMJ open
Volume6
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - 2016
ASJC Scopus subject areas
 - Medicine(all)
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Effects of Pollution on Fish: Molecular Effects and Population Responses
August 2003, Wiley-Blackwell
This price is valid for United States. Change location to view local pricing and availability.
This is a Print-on-Demand title. It will be printed specifically to fill your order. Please allow an additional 5-6 days delivery time. The book is not returnable.
Other Available Formats: E-book
Effects of Pollution on Fish brings together the work of many international experts each of whom have examined the literature on marine and freshwater fish and, where appropriate, invertebrates, to produce comprehensive chapters covering all major aspects of the impacts of pollution on fish and fisheries. The book describes these impacts in detail, from the molecular and sub-cellular level, through organism to population and community levels, and subsequently to socio-economic implications.
The editors of this thorough and timely book have drawn together contributions encompassing molecular genetics, biochemistry, physiology, population and community biology, and fishery economics. As such, this important book will be of great use and interest to students and professionals studying and teaching in all those subject areas. Fish biologists, environmental scientists and ecotoxicologists, marine and freshwater ecologists, fisheries managers, aquaculture personnel and fish farmers, as well as fish veterinarians will all find much of great value within this book. Libraries in universities and research establishments concerned with these areas should all have copies of this book on their shelves.


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What is SoapUI?
SoapUI is an open-source web service testing application for service-oriented architectures (SOA) and representational state transfers (REST). Its functionality covers web service inspection, invoking, development, simulation and mocking, functional testing, load and compliance testing.
Basic kick off with SoapUI:
Once you get SoapUI installed, it will have the dashboard as shown below:
To add sample test, we need to select between SOAP or REST:
We will select URL as we want to test REST API. Once URL is selected, we need to provide the URL we need to test. For example I am using StackOverflow public API to get the users:
Once we click on Next, it will create one new project and in that project it will create a TestSuite where all your test will reside:
Once we run the test, it will show green or Red color whether the test is passed or failed:
If the test is passed, it will show the response in JSON which we have got with REST GET request:
Now as it is mentioned in very first image, if we perform some security tests then it will ask about the things we need to add in security test as shown below:
Once we click on Finish, it will show the result as below:
We can get detailed report as well:
I created one sample Web API on my machine which returns 2 values and I published the API project. When I gave localhost URL in ReadyAPI, It created one new project in ReadyApi and it gave the result as shown below:
So if the API would be installed on IIS then also APIs can be tested using Ready Api.
As it works with GET, it can work with POST\PUT\DELETE as well:
SoapUI provides a feature called Virt in which we can create a virtual service, so if testers want to mock the service without calling the actual REST API, it is possible with SoapUI. We need to create a new Virt as below:
This Virt can behave as GET\POST etc as per your need and Once the Virt is created, we can even host that Virt on localhost by applying some settings.
To conclude this, if we want to test the scenario of a user account creation, we will create one project and in that there would be a test suite named "Test account creation" and in that suite we can add different test cases as shown below:
Try it out.


text:
Heinrich August Winkler is the doyen of modern German history writing. He has behind him a string of distinguished books on the modern age, very few of which have made their way into the English language. This neglect has finally been put right with a splendid translation of his magisterial study of the 'West' in the years between 1914 and 1945, first published in Germany in 2011. It is an indication that the British market is a tough nut to crack that the English title is The Age of Catastrophe, as indeed it was, while the original German title translates as 'History of the West: The Period of World Wars'. 'Catastrophe' will certainly sell more copies, but it is surely arguable that the real catastrophe engulfed Eurasia, from Eastern Europe to Japan. A 'History of the West' on its own would in the end raise fewer questions.
The first question is, of course, what Winkler understands as the 'West'. This is never fully addressed in the book, which in fact covers the history of tsarist Russia, the Soviet Union, China and Japan as well as the conventional 'West',


text:
Bungee the slime in Tap!
Score is the doubling in continuous just tap bungee!
[How to play]
1.Raise the slime in tap
2.Higher score if tap near the sea!
3.Combo occurs in the surface of the water just tap!
4.And beware because score is reduced by half when fall into the sea


text:
What's the difference if the food is spicy or not?
Earlier, when we discussed the preparation of pareve food in a meat (dairy) pot, we learned that the rules given only apply if the food involved isn't spicy. So what if it is spicy?
Spicy foods change everything and present a whole set of exceptions to the general rules of keeping kosher. Because of the strong flavors involved, spicy foods transfer tastes much more easily than other foods. Here is a brief summary of the rules:
- Spicy foods are treated as hot even when they are cold. Thus a cold raw onion that touches meat is considered to have been cooked with the meat.
- Spicy foods rejuvinate lifgam tastes and can absorb them as if they are fresh.
- Combining these two rules, we see that if you cut an onion with a meat (dairy) knife, the onion becomes meaty (dairy) even if the knife hasn't been used for meat (dairy) within the past 24 hours and even if the knife and onion are cold. (If you cut a food that isn't spicy, we would say that the aino ben yomo knife only has lifgam tastes, and we would also say that the food and knife are cold so no tastes are absorbed.)
- Spicy liquids like strong salt water can transfer tastes into (and out of) their containers in 18 minutes. For plain liquids, this would take 24 hours.
That sounds like I need to have a pareve cutting board and knife just for onions and garlic!
That's one way to deal with the problem of spicy foods. Another way is to always cut them with the correct knife corresponding to how they will be cooked and eaten.
By the way, because of the strong tastes involved, professional chefs keep a separate cutting board and knife for onions and garlic. This both prevents the tastes from contaminating other foods and prevents the tastes of other foods from contaminating the onions and garlic.
OK, so what else is spicy besides onions and garlic? Hot peppers? Lemons? Tomatoes?
L'chatchila, most foods that we commonly call "spicy" are treated as spicy in halacha — onions, garlic, horseradish, ginger, turnips, hot peppers, and more. Lemons are subject to debate as is vinegar. Most tomatoes are not considered spicy, but pickled or sundried tomatoes may be. B'dieved, we can often say that none of these foods are spicy — only chiltis, the exemplary (and unidentified) spicy vegetable brought in the Talmud, holds that distinction. If you have a kashrus issue and spicy foods are involved, consult with your rabbi.
Questions to ponder:


text:
A Framework for Measuring Quality of Life in the Context of Polycentric Cities
MSc. Student: Mojgan Zarekani
Period: May 2013 - December 2014
Summary: The concept of quality of life has been the ongoing subject matter for numerous theoretical and empirical discussions in the fields' urban development. There are undeniable subjective (opinion-based) evidence which proves the existence of a link between an individual's perception of the living environment and quality of life. However, setting up an experimental framework for measuring quality of life is challenging since this type of investigation requires researchers to first answer the question of what factors could possibly impact individuals' perception of quality of life, in particular those related to neighbourhood development and available services. It is important to note that if appropriately chosen, variables factors affect the quality of life related to land development and land use, those can serve as metrics that could be used by urban developers, city/municipal planners to build attractive neighbourhoods, which in turn will lead to better thriving cities/municipalities, and promote sustainable social and economic development.
This thesis presents a methodology to measure the effect of neighbourhood development on the quality of life of citizens and assesses the impact of mixing objective (quantitative) and subjective (qualitative) variables on the evaluation of quality of life in the context of a poly-centric city for selected neighbourhoods. Poly-centric cities have more than one activity center comparing to mono-centric cities which have only one centralized activity district. A case study that involves four neighbourhoods in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology and illustrate its essential futures.
Edmonton Population and Area Growth from 1878 to 2012
Edmonton Household Travel Survey, 2005, Daily Trip Purpose from Home


text: The electronic properties of quasicrystals containing transition-metals are studied employing a simple double-chain model within the tight-binding approximation. We show that, under determined conditions, spectral fine structures are the result of competing localizedand extended-like states, which are not observed in traditional one-dimensional aperiodic models. These spectral features can explain the experimentally observed transport properties. From this point of view this double-chain model mimics the behavior of electrons in realistic icosahedral quasicrystals. Moreover, in view of the electronic transport, the relationship between quasicrystals and related amorphous phases is explained in a natural way. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


Export Import Scenarios
You are here: Administrators Reference > Exporting and Importing Objects > Export/Import Scenarios
Export/Import Scenarios
In a typical Development server - Authoring server environment you:
 1. Create and test an object on a Development Server.
 2. Export the object.
 3. Import the object to the Authoring Server.
Later, if you change the original object and want to push changes to the site(s) using your object, you would:
 1. Re-export the object from the Development Server
 2. Re-import the object into the sites on your Authoring Server where the object was originally imported.
You might also want to use an object developed by a third-party. In that case, you would:
 1. Download the export packet from the third-party.
 2. Import the object into the desired site(s) on your Development Server.
 3. Test the object.
 4. Import the object into the desired site(s) on your Authoring Server.
Before importing or exporting, please note the following:
ADF (Application Development Framework) Considerations: When importing a Custom Element that includes custom field types or render handlers housed within the ADF, CommonSpot checks to see if the ADF is installed and stops the import if it does not find it. If you are using the CommonSpot Application Development Framework, check that both your web server mapping and the ADF directory are named ADF (all caps).
Path Considerations: Although you can specify any logical path for render handler modules, and export them or Custom Elements containing them to any logical server path, CommonSpot expects import modules to contain site-relative path locations and cannnot properly handle import packets unless the file references they contain are site-relative.
Related Links
For technical support:


Antonio Turiel: «Diesel is coming to an end»
A modest proposal
An ecosocial modest proposal by Miguel Brieva from the coronavirus pandemic. How about if we take advantage of such a complex and extraordinary situation to draw some valuable conclusions?
Irresponsibility. The fire to come
[Xabier Vázquez Pumariño] A society with a little more consciousness and responsibility would be terrified of the surrounding continuous forest masses of pines, eucalyptus and acacias which are inflammable and inextinguishable, and
Fascism is back to stay


text:
The use of measured water in controlling flows for the irrigation of sugarcane was found to be vital for the rehabilitation and management of surface irrigation on a 5000 ha sugarcane project. Methods of water delivery, measurement and control at Inyoni Yami Swaziland Irrigation Scheme (IYSIS) are described. Improvements to the irrigation, using existing methods of water measurement, were carried out over a period of four years. The lessons gained in this programme of improvements confirmed the benefits of using modulus gates which allow a constant, measured, discharge of water.
|Number of pages||16|
|Journal||Irrigation and Drainage Systems|
|Publication status||Published - 1992|


text:
Could cannabis-derived medicine help type 2 diabetes sufferers?
In an article published in today's issue of the Society of Biology's magazine, The Biologist, GW Pharmaceuticals' Director of Botanical Research and Cultivation, Dr David Potter, discusses how cannabis could be bred to provide raw starting material for a medicine to treat metabolic disorders.
Researchers at the UK's only legal cannabis production facility are researching ways to use highly-standardised extracts from the plant to tackle metabolic syndrome, and are studying how such products could potentially treat conditions as diverse as cancer pain, epilepsy, ulcerative colitis, psychosis and brain injury. GW Pharmaceuticals' first licensed medicine, Sativex, is already used to treat muscle spasticity in MS patients and primarily contains two principal cannabinoids: THC and CBD. But the medical potential of the remaining, minor cannabinoids is also huge.
Dr Potter says: "Metabolic syndrome is a disruption of the way the body metabolises food to produce energy or to store as fat. It is most common in obese people and can lead to major health problems such as Type II diabetes."
Obesity, with all its effects on human health, is widespread. The GW Pharmaceuticals team is exploring how they can use cannabis-derived medicines to tackle one aspect of the problem. Phase IIa clinical studies are evaluating specific cannabinoids as potential treatments for metabolic syndrome and Type II diabetes. This builds upon pre-clinical data demonstrating the desirable effects of a number of cannabinoids on insulin resistance, cholesterol and liver fat, all features of metabolic disease.
Dr Potter's team has successfully bred cannabis plants which produce high levels of a cannabinoid called THCV (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabivarin). THCV is normally only present in minor quantities; its structure is similar to THC but it exhibits very different pharmacology. It has shown promise as a potential treatment for Type II diabetes by virtue of controlling and modulating a range of factors involved in lipid deposition, cellular energy expenditure and insulin resistance - the key pathophysiological features of metabolic syndrome.
Dr Mark Downs, Chief Executive of the Society of Biology, says:
"Metabolic syndrome, and the health problems it leads to, is a huge strain on the NHS, and can massively reduce the quality of life of those affected. It is always exciting to see new avenues being explored to tackle the issue."
There are many potential therapies for metabolic syndrome and the other conditions highlighted, and the therapeutic use of compounds found in the cannabis plant is one of the various promising routes for new treatments.
GW's licensed medicine, Sativex, primarily contains the two most common cannabinoids, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). It is currently prescribed to MS sufferers and is currently undergoing Phase III trials for the treatment of pain in the advanced stages of cancer.
Although THC and CBD are the most well-known cannabinoids and appear at the highest concentrations, there are nearly 60 less common cannabinoids (such as THCV) and GW has studied approximately 20 of these.
One of the technical challenges of studying these minor cannabinoids is to breed cannabis plants with high concentrations of the cannabinoid of interest.
Dr Potter says: "My team's task is to run a selective breeding programme for minor cannabinoids which have been identified as having clinical potential. Thankfully cannabis has a fast growing cycle, with several crops per year. This means we can often produce suitable plants within a few years or even less."
Epilepsy and brain injury
Compounds developed by GW have shown promise in the treatment of epilepsy, and the company has recently discovered that cannabinoids are able to reduce the expression of certain epilepsy-related genes. This opens up an exciting possibility of using cannabinoids as personalised epilepsy medicines; patients most likely to respond can be identified by the presence of a specific gene.
Dr Potter points out that modern 'skunk' cannabis has been bred by recreational users to increase the concentration of THC while decreasing the concentration of CBD. Whereas THC has been linked to psychosis, CBD has anti-psychotic properties, so may provide some protection from the effects of THC. The lack of CBD in skunk potentially makes this form of cannabis more likely to induce harmful psychoses, especially in young teenagers whose brains are not yet fully developed.
GW Pharmaceuticals is also testing the use of medicines based on CBD for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Encouraging in vivo studies suggest that, because of its anti-inflammatory properties, CBD could also be useful in treating brain injury, both in accident victims and newborns starved of oxygen at birth.
Dr Potter says: "As rigorous modern research with cannabinoids comes to fruition, a new era of treatment options may have arrived."
Provided by Society of Biology
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text:
SING WITH ME - More Children's Favorites is an interactive book dedicated to empowering children through the introduction of words and music. Using sound button technology, children press to listen to classics:
- Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star
- If You're Happy and You Know It
- Itsy Bitsy Spider
- Old MacDonald
- A-Tisket, A-Tasket
Children develop fine motor skills and learn to love books.
The book is suitable for all ages. It captures the mind and attention of a child as young as few months old.


.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 ===================================================== sysfs - _The_ filesystem for exporting kernel objects ===================================================== Patrick Mochel Mike Murphy :Revised: 16 August 2011 :Original: 10 January 2003 What it is: ~~~~~~~~~~~ sysfs is a ram-based filesystem initially based on ramfs. It provides a means to export kernel data structures, their attributes, and the linkages between them to userspace. sysfs is tied inherently to the kobject infrastructure. Please read Documentation/core-api/kobject.rst for more information concerning the kobject interface. Using sysfs ~~~~~~~~~~~ sysfs is always compiled in if CONFIG_SYSFS is defined. You can access it by doing:: mount -t sysfs sysfs /sys Directory Creation ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ For every kobject that is registered with the system, a directory is created for it in sysfs. That directory is created as a subdirectory of the kobject's parent, expressing internal object hierarchies to userspace. Top-level directories in sysfs represent the common ancestors of object hierarchies; i.e. the subsystems the objects belong to. Sysfs internally stores a pointer to the kobject that implements a directory in the kernfs_node object associated with the directory. In the past this kobject pointer has been used by sysfs to do reference counting directly on the kobject whenever the file is opened or closed. With the current sysfs implementation the kobject reference count is only modified directly by the function sysfs_schedule_callback(). Attributes ~~~~~~~~~~ Attributes can be exported for kobjects in the form of regular files in the filesystem. Sysfs forwards file I/O operations to methods defined for the attributes, providing a means to read and write kernel attributes. Attributes should be ASCII text files, preferably with only one value per file. It is noted that it may not be efficient to contain only one value per file, so it is socially acceptable to express an array of values of the same type. Mixing types, expressing multiple lines of data, and doing fancy formatting of data is heavily frowned upon. Doing these things may get you publicly humiliated and your code rewritten without notice. An attribute definition is simply:: struct attribute { char * name; struct module *owner; umode_t mode; }; int sysfs_create_file(struct kobject * kobj, const struct attribute * attr); void sysfs_remove_file(struct kobject * kobj, const struct attribute * attr); A bare attribute contains no means to read or write the value of the attribute. Subsystems are encouraged to define their own attribute structure and wrapper functions for adding and removing attributes for a specific object type. For example, the driver model defines struct device_attribute like:: struct device_attribute { struct attribute attr; ssize_t (*show)(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf); ssize_t (*store)(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count); }; int device_create_file(struct device *, const struct device_attribute *); void device_remove_file(struct device *, const struct device_attribute *); It also defines this helper for defining device attributes:: #define DEVICE_ATTR(_name, _mode, _show, _store) \ struct device_attribute dev_attr_##_name = __ATTR(_name, _mode, _show, _store) For example, declaring:: static DEVICE_ATTR(foo, S_IWUSR | S_IRUGO, show_foo, store_foo); is equivalent to doing:: static struct device_attribute dev_attr_foo = { .attr = { .name = "foo", .mode = S_IWUSR | S_IRUGO, }, .show = show_foo, .store = store_foo, }; Note as stated in include/linux/kernel.h "OTHER_WRITABLE? Generally considered a bad idea." so trying to set a sysfs file writable for everyone will fail reverting to RO mode for "Others". For the common cases sysfs.h provides convenience macros to make defining attributes easier as well as making code more concise and readable. The above case could be shortened to: static struct device_attribute dev_attr_foo = __ATTR_RW(foo); the list of helpers available to define your wrapper function is: __ATTR_RO(name): assumes default name_show and mode 0444 __ATTR_WO(name): assumes a name_store only and is restricted to mode 0200 that is root write access only. __ATTR_RO_MODE(name, mode): fore more restrictive RO access currently only use case is the EFI System Resource Table (see drivers/firmware/efi/esrt.c) __ATTR_RW(name): assumes default name_show, name_store and setting mode to 0644. __ATTR_NULL: which sets the name to NULL and is used as end of list indicator (see: kernel/workqueue.c) Subsystem-Specific Callbacks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ When a subsystem defines a new attribute type, it must implement a set of sysfs operations for forwarding read and write calls to the show and store methods of the attribute owners:: struct sysfs_ops { ssize_t (*show)(struct kobject *, struct attribute *, char *); ssize_t (*store)(struct kobject *, struct attribute *, const char *, size_t); }; [ Subsystems should have already defined a struct kobj_type as a descriptor for this type, which is where the sysfs_ops pointer is stored. See the kobject documentation for more information. ] When a file is read or written, sysfs calls the appropriate method for the type. The method then translates the generic struct kobject and struct attribute pointers to the appropriate pointer types, and calls the associated methods. To illustrate:: #define to_dev_attr(_attr) container_of(_attr, struct device_attribute, attr) static ssize_t dev_attr_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct attribute *attr, char *buf) { struct device_attribute *dev_attr = to_dev_attr(attr); struct device *dev = kobj_to_dev(kobj); ssize_t ret = -EIO; if (dev_attr->show) ret = dev_attr->show(dev, dev_attr, buf); if (ret >= (ssize_t)PAGE_SIZE) { printk("dev_attr_show: %pS returned bad count\n", dev_attr->show); } return ret; } Reading/Writing Attribute Data ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ To read or write attributes, show() or store() methods must be specified when declaring the attribute. The method types should be as simple as those defined for device attributes:: ssize_t (*show)(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf); ssize_t (*store)(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count); IOW, they should take only an object, an attribute, and a buffer as parameters. sysfs allocates