text:
A guide to avoiding nasty employment tribunal cases.
1. Talk To Your Staff
Keep lines of communication open. Resolve discipline issues informally where you can – don't let matters escalate. An informal chat can often stop an issue becoming an employment tribunal case.
2. Adopt Fair Company Rules And Procedures
Put your rules and procedures in writing in a staff handbook. Make sure your staff know what is expected of them at work and what will happen if they breach the rules. Prevention is better than cure. Clear rules for employees help to avoid most employment tribunal cases.
3. Consider Alternatives To Disciplinary Action
If you are frustrated by an underperforming employee, consider whether it could be addressed with a Performance Improvement Plan, rather than formal disciplinary or capability action. Taking a less confrontation option may well avoid an Employment Tribunal case.
4. Keep Written Records
Keep written records of every time that you discuss the troublesome 'issue' with your employee. This allows you to refer back with confidence to previous conversations. After formal meetings make sure the employee gets a copy of the meeting notes. Good communication goes a long way to avoiding an employment tribunal case.
5. Act Fairly When Using Formal Disciplinary Action
Establish the facts – conducting an investigation is critical. Inform the employee of the results of the investigation – if there is a disciplinary case to answer write to the employee and invite them to a formal hearing.
- to inform them that they have the right to be accompanied;
- to hold a disciplinary meeting;
- listen to the employee's evidence – don't do all the talking yourself.
…..and remember to demonstrate why your actions were justified
6. Take Appropriate Action
Once you have held the disciplinary meeting and considered all the evidence, inform the employee of your decision in writing. Remember to demonstrate why your actions were justified.
7. Provide The Employee With An Opportunity To Appeal
Following the disciplinary meeting you will write to the employee to inform them of your decision. The right to an appeal should be included in your letter. If the employee wishes to appeal against your decision it should be conducted by someone not involved with the initial investigation and disciplinary hearing. Follow the correct procedure and it will prevent an employment tribunal case.
Sometimes, no matter how hard you try, you still end up with the headache of defending an employment tribunal case. If that happens, we are here to help – contact us.


First rain water deoiling
First rainfall plant, containment of deoiling defanging
The operating cycle of the first rainwater treatment plants takes place in this way:
The water produced by the rainfall on the yards is collected with machicolation wells and sent by fall to the first stage of the first rain.
This is carried out with a spillway that brings together the entrances of the various drains, and sends the first rainwater into the containment basin until it is filled, and only then will the second rainwater flow to the drain.
A level sensor will warn of the presence of wastewater and activate the count which is normally 48 hours before starting the transfer of water to the first rainwater treatment.
The water from the first rain is then sent to the decantation stage where it is deprived of sandy soil and all sedimentable substances.
Following this step, the clarified water is sent to the deoiling section before being discharged.
Deoiling can be achieved in several ways:
 - gravity deoiling
 - slatted deoiling
 - coalescence deoiling
The gravity deoiling of first rain water is the simplest and most used system, the water collected on the yards are normally composed of oils and derivatives that are not in emulsion for this reason they are easy to remove, the oils have a lower specific weight than water, to deoil the first rain water it is necessary to create rising currents with reduced speeds that allow the rise and storage of oils.
The lamellar pack deoiling is an efficient system and is mainly used in large first rain systems, the lamellar pack increases the sedimentation surface area by dissecting the water flow, this allows to slow down the flows considerably with the same volume and to eliminate any differences in lift currents.
The deoiling with a coalescence filter is in some respects similar to that of a flake pack, using the sizing of the flow and the increase in surface area, the coalescence filter pays attention to the system of adhesion that takes place on the surfaces of the oil, the oily fractions that adhere to the coalescence filter as they thicken enlarge and migrate to the surface faster and in greater percentage.
The deoiling of first rainwater must consider the water flow rate, the available space, and the characteristic of the wastewater to be treated, this involves the choice of the most suitable type of deoiling combining efficiency with cost-effectiveness of purchase.
First rain plants
First rain plant
Second rain Plants
First Rain Plants, differences between polyethylene and concrete
First Rain Plant for high pollution
First Rain Water Filtration
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text:
A balloon race from London to Hampshire, 1880. Coloured wood engraving, 1880.
- Murray, William Bazett, active _PHONE_.
Selected images from this work
About this work
An aeronautic match on 21 March 1880 between the French balloon République de France and the English balloon Eclipse. flying from the Crystal Palace at Sydenham, where there was snow on the ground, to Long Island, near Havant (République de France) and Hayling Island (Eclipse). "A rush down" shows the descent of the Eclipse through clouds of ballast sand that it had discarded earlier. The prize for the winner was not awarded (Illustrated London news, loc. cit.)
Where to find it
Location Status AccessClosed stores

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Distance between Masvingo and Zvishavane is 86 KM
The straight line distance between Masvingo and Zvishavane is 86 KM
or the mile base distance is 53.4 Miles. The travel route based distance from Masvingo to Zvishavane is more than the crow fly distance.
Masvingo and Zvishavane Location
The source travel point Masvingo is located at the latitue of -20.1 and the longitude of 30.8. The destination travel point is located at the lattitue of -20.1 and the longitude of 30.8.
Sun rise time difference between Masvingo and Zvishavane
The time difference between Masvingo and Zvishavane is 2 hours and 9 minutes. The actual time difference between two places Masvingo and Zvishavane may be same or vary based on the country or states standard time.
Masvingo and Zvishavane travel time
The travel time to reach Zvishavane from Masvingo is 1 hours and 26 minutes. We assumed your traveling speed is 60 kilometer per hour. If you take rest during travel that duration should be added with the given travel time. The given travel time between Masvingo and Zvishavane may differ due to the speed and waiting time of the vehicle. You can also calculate the tavel time by bus, train, flight, bycycle an walk.
Distance from Masvingo
You can get the answer for the following queries. What is the distance between Masvingo and Zvishavane?. what is the travel time between b Masvingo and Zvishavane?. You are welcome to use the following links to get more travel distance from Masvingo

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
I am working on a web app that provides a visual programming environment to generate 3D models - Mobius
It involves creating a scripts by adding lines of coding and just editing parameters. We are using angular-tree-component to generate a tree to represent the code structure, like in the image below
The lines of code are draggable - but as the tree becomes bigger - dragging and dropping becomes cumbersome. Hence, we were thinking of adding a cut-paste functionality with which the user can select and cut lines of code and paste them somewhere else.
What would be the most user-friendly way of implementing this functionality?
Adding Ctrl+X, Ctrl+V shortcuts are one way - but I am not sure if it would be discoverable, given that this feature didn't exist before. What microinteractions should I be taking care of in this case?
Is there a better way to implement this other than keyboard shortcuts? Each line has a set of buttons that are visible when the line is focussed. Not sure if adding another button to that is a good idea?


What is a price floor? Examples of binding and non-binding price floors.
Price floors are common government tools used in regulating. A price floor means that the price of a good or service cannot go lower than the regulated floor. A minimum wage law is the most common and easily recognizable example of a price floor.
To intuitively understand a price floor, imagine dropping a rock in your house. The rock cannot go lower than the floor because it will hit it and stop. The same concept holds with prices and a price floor. The price cannot go lower than the price floor. Where this gets tricky is that a BINDING price floor occurs ABOVE the equilibrium price. It may be confusing to have a floor above something, but if you think it through it makes sense. If a rock wants to fall from an altitude of 50 meters to an altitude of 20 meters, than the floor must be above 20 meters in order to be effective. If the floor is at 10 meters, the rock (price) can fall to 20 meters with no problem.
Economics classes want students to be able to recognize the difference between binding and non binding price floors. Consider the example of a minimum wage law in California. Imagine the minimum wage is $8.00 per hour. If a company wants to pay someone $10.00 per hour, than there is no problem because this price is above the floor. However, if a company wants to pay an employee $6.00 per hour, than the there is a problem because this amount is below the price floor. The latter example would be a binding price floor, while the former would not be binding.
Note that the price floor is below the equilibrium price so that anything price ABOVE the floor is feasible. Another way to think about this is to start at a price of 100, and go down until you the price floor price or the equilibrium price. If you hit the price floor first, it is binding. However, if you hit the equilibrium price first, the price floor is not binding is not.
Since our original price floor of $4.00 was ineffective, what happens if we increase the price floor to $10.00? This will raise the price floor line on the graph above the equilibrium price level. You can now see that the equilibrium price is BELOW the price floor, so it is not possible for the equilibrium price to be attained. This means that suppliers (labor) are willing to supply a higher quantity than originally supplied (because of the higher price) and consumers (firms) are going to demand a lower quantity than originally demanded. This results in a surplus (unemployment) because quantity supplied is higher than quantity demanded. As long as the price floor is present, there will be a surplus in the market, and some of the suppliers that are willing and supply their labor will not be able to find a job (a firm willing and able to hire them at the price floor price).
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text:
Date Added: Nov 2011
Vehicular Ad Hoc NETworks (VANETs) adopt the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) and Certificate Revocation Lists (CRLs) for their security. In any PKI system, the authentication of a received message is performed by checking if the certificate of the sender is included in the current CRL, and verifying the authenticity of the certificate and signature of the sender. In this paper, the authors propose an Expedite Message Authentication Protocol (EMAP) for VANETs, which replaces the time-consuming CRL checking process by an efficient revocation checking process. The revocation check process in EMAP uses a keyed Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC), where the key used in calculating the HMAC is shared only between non-revoked On-Board Units (OBUs).


Saturday, March 3, 2012
xBR vs HQx Interpolation Filter Comparison
UPDATE: the comparisons in this post aren't a true representation of hq2x (more info in this post). The xBR shots are still valid, but don't put much weight on the comparisons without reading the other post for context.
This post compares the popular HQx interpolation algorithm with the newer xBR, which has been covered in some of my other posts. If you just want to download the filters, you can get them from the link at the bottom of the post.
Since Maxim Stepin created the HQx interpolation algorithm more than a decade ago, it has been the favored real-time interpolation filter for the emulation scene. The way it works is it looks at each pixel and then compares its color to that of the 8 surrounding adjacent pixels. If it finds a match, the filter then compares the resulting pattern with a predefined lookup table to guess what the original pattern was trying to represent.
For example, if we take a pattern like this:
and scale it up via nearest neighbor--that is, a straight upscale with no interpolation--you end up with this checkerboard pattern:
But, if you use HQ2x, you end up with this:
The algorithm guesses that the original pattern was trying to represent a diagonal line rather than a checkerboard pattern, so it fills in the gaps to compensate.
Recently, a Brazilian programmer by the name of Hyllian (aka Jararaca) developed a new algorithm that actually improves on HQx, known as xBR (stands for "a filter that scales By Rules").
xBR works much the same way as HQx insofar as it is based on pattern recognition, and it would upscale the above pattern with the same result. However, it goes further than HQx by using a 2-stage set of interpolation rules, which better handle more complex patterns such as antialiased lines and curves. The two main points that can be fine-tuned are the formula used to measure the distance between colors and the way the algorithm treats corners (more on the corners later).
Hyllian began development of xBR in 2011 as a plugin for Steve Snake's Genesis/Mega Drive emulator, Kega Fusion.
You can read more about Hyllian's algorithm here.
Lets take a look at how they compare on a real-world example (HQ2x on the left, 2xBR on the right; click to embiggen):
As you can see, 2xBR does a much better job on smoothing curves without getting chunky (see Yoshi's nose and the dragon coin). It also does a better job on the 'eyes' of the block, which is represented as a diagonal line with 2xBR compared with the series-of-squares look with HQ2x.
Here's another comparison, using Earthworm Jim's title screen:
And here's a third comparison, using the title screen to Earthworm Jim 2:
HQ2x actually does a slightly better job at getting a smooth gradient around the highlight in Jim's eye, but the rest of the image is a mess. xBR has smoother, straighter lines at every color transition.
Additionally, the xBR algorithm scales to higher scale factors much more easily than the HQx algorithm, making 3-, 4-, 5- and higher versions faster and more effective.
At very high scale factors (5 and higher), the xBR algorithm can obliterate some small details, such as pupils in eyes, dots, and so on, so Hyllian introduced some additional calculation to compensate (5xBR-v3.5a on the left [uncompensated] vs 5xBR-v3.5b on the right [compensated]):
Of course, this compensation comes with its own drawbacks and false-positives, so which version works better varies on a game-by-game basis.
UPDATE: Hyllian has made a third variant that is even more cautious. Here's an animated GIF comparing the way each variant handles text:
Another interesting aspect of this algorithm is that it works very effectively on images already upscaled with xBR, so you can easily get absurdly large images (scaled 1x, 3x, 9x and 27x) with just a few iterations:
This puts it in direct and favorable competition with this vectorization method that recently made the rounds. xBR manages to maintain detail a bit better than the vectorizer, and it can actually operate in real-time, unlike the vectorizer.
You can download these shaders from my Mediafire repo (most are available in either XML/GLSL or Cg format, both of which are compatible with SSNES). UPDATE: KrossX ported 2xBR-v3.5a to ePSXe format and SimoneT ported 5xBR-v3.5a.
UPDATE: New Cg version of 5x variant. Runs approx. 25% faster. :)
UPDATE: new XML versions of 5xBR-v3.7. This package includes 3 variants (a, b and c), as well as the A-variant+scanlines.
UPDATE: Hyllian has been working on a new version that analyzes an image frame by frame and dynamically decides whether to apply xBR smoothing or Reverse-Anti-aliasing to produce the best picture. It handles text better than any filter/shader I've encountered, and it also excels at digitized, prerendered images and backgrounds. Here's a shot of it with Final Fantasy VI on GBA:
You can download this shader here.
UPDATE (4/19/2013): Another great update from Hyllian, this time adding 3 levels of analysis. This version runs a bit slower in my experience (unsurprisingly), but it now handles jagged edges that earlier versions simply couldn't detect, due to their 2-level analysis pattern. Compare this shot with the ones at the top of the post:
Notice that inclined bit of ground under the dragon/yoshi coin. This new version will also really help with Mega Man X games, which tended to have a lot of these sorts of gently sloping planes. You can download a Cg shader of this new version here, or a 3x scale Kega Fusion plugin here.
Closely related to xBR are the SABR shader by Joshua Street and Zenju's xBRZ CPU filter. SABR was written by Mr. Street as part of a school project and it differs from xBR in a couple of ways, including using antialiasing on edges. It was forked from Hyllian's 5xBR v3.7c shader. xBRZ is a rewrite of the xBR algorithm in C++, with some changes to the corner detection and color distance measurement. It was forked around xBR v3.5.
There is also a standalone library written in C that incorporates both the xBR algorithm (as it appears in FFmpeg's libavfilter) and Hqx. You can browse this project's source on github.
Hyllian/Jararaca said...
Hi, HunterK. Nice review! I have some considerations.
Actually, there are some implementations of HQx that can smooth out diagonal lines on different angles than 45 degrees. The Snes9x CPU filter is one example.
The major difference between Hqx and xBR is visible in anti-aliased games. Get to the Press Start screen of Earthworm Jim with both filters and you can see how they perform.
Super Mario World is the easiest game for filters, so most of them do a great jog in it.
Hunter K. said...
Thanks, Hyllian! I made some updates per your recommendations.
Hyllian said...
Hi, HunterK.
EJ2 is a good comparison. But, actually I was talking about the first one.
See these screenshots I made last year in this post:
I know you're comparing the 2x version, though. The press start from EJ1 shows clearly how's the job of those filters on anti-aliased graphics.
Hyllian said...
Sorry to bother you this much. :p
Hunter K. said...
lol I don't know why I thought you said EWJ2... Anyway, I got the new screens in there and you're right. The left edge of the letter 'M' is a pretty clear win for xBR :D
It's no trouble, except for Blogspot's terrible interface. They made it super-hard to make side-by-side pictures :/
Anonymous said...
I will try my best in english.
Is it possible to create a Dll containing the xBR 3x Filter?
I'm working (hobby beside school) on a little Game (towerdefense/gemcraftclone) with only 240x206px size. It would be cool to make the game more flashlike.
Its written in AutoIt, a scripting language. Because of this I cannot understand C/C++/etc. good enough to create the Dll by my own.
I can show you some Pictures that I made with an Image Resizer.
xBR 3x:
It would be great if someone who can help would contact me.
Marcus (from Germany)
Darklord42 said...
Who made the xml version of the shader and do they plan to update it ot the latest 3.8 version?
Hunter K. said...
I believe Hyllian converted them himself, but he's said he can't really do that every time because he has no way to test them (he writes them all for RetroArch on PS3, so Cg-only). I tried using Themaister's Cg-to-XML script but it gives a black


text:
UPPER CYLINDER LUBRCANT (UCL) is 100% petroleum based and can be added to any fuel,
Tru-Blu UCL when continually used applies a coating on the rings and valves to prevent loss of compression and combustion gases, effectively cleaning and sealing the combustion chamber to maximise power,reduce wear and most importantly reduce fuel usage.
UCL can be added to any fuel, ULP, Super, Diesel, LPG, CNG, LNGTwo or Four Stroke engines, Heavy Fuels, Kerosene, Boiler and Heating fuels.
UCL overcomes the numerous problems for today's standard fuels such as sulphur reduction, very high sulphur fuels, addition of biofuels, reduced emissions requirements, maintenance of DPF,EGR,DOC, Catalytic converters and the ever increasing cost of fuel.
Tru-Blu UCL cleans injectors of gum and resin build up that that holds carbon in place in the combustion chamber thereby reducing further carbon deposits and in utilising more air improves the combustion process markedly.
LPG does not have the lubricating properties of liquid fuels, which lessen blow-by valve seat wear and premature oil degradation. Tru-Blu Upper Cylinder Lubricant provides the lubricating properties in the combustion chamber that LPG does not have.
Upper Cylinder Lubricant injected into the manifold via a gas lubricator provides lubrication to the rings, valve seats and prevents corrosive combustion by-products from LPG entering the sump and attacking the main bearings.
UCL is used at a ratio of approximately 650: 1. ( Each 100ml graduation treats 65 litres of fuel) Pour calculated amount into nearly empty tank immediately before filling tank with fuel.
- Increased economyup to 10% reduction in fuel uasage.
- Keeps Diesel Particulate filters & EGR vales clean
- Reduced wearprolongs the life of, injectors, pumps, and valves
- Compensates for the negative effects of bio-fuel including bio-diesel
- Compensates for the reduction in sulphur in fuels
- Reduces waxing in diesel fuels to -32 degrees Celsius at 1; 200
- More powerImproved combustion of fuels
- Increased fuel storage life
- Increased compression for more power
- Easier starting
- Lower Temperatures
- Longer engine component life
- Less pollution –longer Catalytic converter life
- Helps pass emission tests
205 litre drum, 20 litre cube, 5 litre, 1 litre pack


Bianca A Santini, John G Hodgson, Ken Thompson, Peter J Wilson, Stuart R Band, Glynis Jones, Mike Charles, Amy Bogaard, Carol Palmer & Mark Rees
The relationships between plant traits tells us about the amount of resources species invest on a given trait. For example, thicker leaves are long-lived, but their construction is expensive for the plant and have lower photosynthetic rates than thin leaves. Another example, related to our study, is the triangular relationship found between seed mass and leaf area in woody species. This relationship tells us that small-seeded species can have either small or large leaves, whereas big-seeded species have large leaves. However, the combination of big seeds with small leaves does not occur. Again, this give us insights into resource allocation, in this case of the photosythates in a leaf and how are they distributed, either into small seeds or big seeds.
Indeed, resource allocation changes from species that live longer to those with shorter life-spans, and this will be reflected in the relationships between plant traits. For this reason, in this study, we wanted to know if the triangular relationship for seed mass and leaf area found in woody plants holds for annual species, which reproduce and die within a year, and invest most of their resources on reproduction. To test this, we used 401 annual species and, importantly, we incorporate indicators of habitat productivity and light into our study to test if these influence the relationship between these two traits.
Surprisingly, we found that the triangular relationship between seed mass and leaf area holds for annual species, and that the productivity of the habitat is driving this relationship. This is that in more productive habitats species with big leaves can either have either small or big seeds, whereas in low-productive habitats, species can only have small seeds and leaves. This suggest that in more productive habitats, which are also more competitive, species have more strategies for seed size/number selection. Our results show that despite the differences in their life cycle, plants conserve similar strategies across different life-forms, and that the productivity of the habitat plays an important role by driving and selecting for leaf and seed size.
Image caption: Photo provided by authors.
Read the article in full here.


text: Wildlife and The Bighorn: We examine the variety of species impacted by the fire including Big Horn Sheep, the Desert Tortoise, the Mexican Spotted Owl, the Gila Chub, the Goulds Turkey, and the Mountain Lion and are reminded that wildfire is natural process that can lead to a healthier forest and potentially healthier habitat for the species that make their home in the Catalinas. After the Burn: In the aftermath of the Bighorn fire in the Catalinas, researchers see a unique opportunity to better understand how fire impacts the delicate sky island ecosystems here in Arizona. We follow a research expedition to the high elevation forests atop Mt. Lemmon, to learn how this sensitive region has fared immediately following the blaze. Lessons from the Chiricahuas: What happens to ecosystems after wildfire or other major disturbances?We go on a journey though the Chiricahua Mountains with UA researcher Jim Malusa who tracks how vegetation on the mountain range has changed since the Horseshoe 2 fire of 2011. His research may reveal how the burn areas in the Santa Catalinas will recover from the Bighorn Fire.


How effective are physical appearance interventions in changing smoking perceptions, attitudes and behaviours? A systematic review
Keira Flett, David Clark-Carter, Sarah Grogan, Rachel Davey
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
12 Citations (Scopus)
Abstract
A systematic review was conducted in order to identify physical appearance interventions related to smoking cessation and to evaluate their effectiveness in order to inform smoking cessation practice
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)74-79
Number of pages6
JournalTobacco Control
Volume22
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2013
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Transitive closure
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Closure (disambiguation).
This article is about the transitive closure of a binary relation. For the transitive closure of a set, see transitive set#Transitive closure.
In mathematics, the transitive closure of a binary relation R on a set X is the transitive relation R+ on set X such that R+ contains R and R+ is minimal (Lidl and Pilz 1998:337). If the binary relation itself is transitive, then the transitive closure is that same binary relation; otherwise, the transitive closure is a different relation. For example, if X is a set of airports and x R y means "there is a direct flight from airport x to airport y", then the transitive closure of R on X is the relation R+: "it is possible to fly from x to y in one or more flights."
Transitive relations and examples[edit]
A relation R on a set X is transitive if, for all x,y,z in X, whenever x R y and y R z then x R z. Examples of transitive relations include the equality relation on any set, the "less than or equal" relation on any linearly ordered set, and the relation "x was born before y" on the set of all people. Symbolically, this can be denoted as: if x < y and y < z then x < z.
One example of a non-transitive relation is "city x can be reached via a direct flight from city y" on the set of all cities. Simply because there is a direct flight from one city to a second city, and a direct flight from the second city to the third, does not imply there is a direct flight from the first city to the third. The transitive closure of this relation is a different relation, namely "there is a sequence of direct flights that begins at city x and ends at city y". Every relation can be extended in a similar way to a transitive relation.
Existence and description[edit]
For any relation R, the transitive closure of R always exists. To see this, note that the intersection of any family of transitive relations is again transitive. Furthermore, there exists at least one transitive relation containing R, namely the trivial one: X × X. The transitive closure of R is then given by the intersection of all transitive relations containing R.
For finite sets, we can construct the transitive closure step by step, starting from R and adding transitive edges. This gives the intuition for a general construction. For any set X, we can prove that transitive closure is given by the following expression
R^{+}=\bigcup_{i\in \{1,2,3,\ldots\}} R^i.
where R^i is the i-th power of R, defined inductively by
R^1 = R\,\!
and, for i>0,
R^{i+1} = R \circ R^i
where \circ denotes composition of relations.
To show that the above definition of R+ is the least transitive relation containing R, we show that it contains R, that it is transitive, and that it is the smallest set with both of those characteristics.
 - R \subseteq R^{+}: \displaystyle R^+ contains all of the \displaystyle R^i, so in particular \displaystyle R^+ contains \displaystyle R.
 - \displaystyle R^{+} is transitive: every element of \displaystyle R^+ is in one of the \displaystyle R^i, so \displaystyle R^+ must be transitive by the following reasoning: if (s_1, s_2)\in R^j and (s_2, s_3)\in R^k, then from composition's associativity, (s_1, s_3)\in R^{j+k} (and thus in \displaystyle R^+) because of the definition of \displaystyle R^i.
 - \displaystyle R^{+} is minimal: Let \displaystyle G be any transitive relation containing \displaystyle R, we want to show that R^{+} \subseteq G. It is sufficient to show that for every i>0, R^i\subseteq G. Well, since \displaystyle G contains \displaystyle R, R^1\subseteq G. And since \displaystyle G is transitive, whenever R^i\subseteq G, R^{i+1}\subseteq G according to the construction of R^i\,\! and what it means to be transitive. Therefore, by induction, \displaystyle G contains every R^i\,\!, and thus also \displaystyle R^+.
The intersection of two transitive relations is transitive.
The union of two transitive relations need not be transitive. To preserve transitivity, one must take the transitive closure. This occurs, for example, when taking the union of two equivalence relations or two preorders. To obtain a new equivalence relation or preorder one must take the transitive closure (reflexivity and symmetry—in the case of equivalence relations—are automatic).
In graph theory[edit]
Transitive closure constructs the output graph from the input graph.
Transitive closure constructs the output graph from the input graph.
In computer science, the concept of transitive closure can be thought of as constructing a data structure that makes it possible to answer reachability questions. That is, can one get from node a to node d in one or more hops? A binary relation tells you only that node a is connected to node b, and that node b is connected to node c, etc. After the transitive closure is constructed, as depicted in the following figure, in an O(1) operation one may determine that node d is reachable from node a. The data structure is typically stored as a matrix, so if matrix[1][4] = 1, then it is the case that node 1 can reach node 4 through one or more hops.
The transitive closure of a directed acyclic graph (DAG) is the reachability relation of the DAG and a strict partial order.
In logic and computational complexity[edit]
The transitive closure of a binary relation cannot, in general, be expressed in first-order logic (FO). This means that one cannot write a formula using predicate symbols R and T that will be satisfied in any model if and only if T is the transitive closure of R. In finite model theory, first-order logic (FO) extended with a transitive closure operator is usually called transitive closure logic, and abbreviated FO(TC) or just TC. TC is a sub-type of fixpoint logics. The fact that FO(TC) is strictly more expressive than FO was discovered by Ronald Fagin in 1974; the result was then rediscovered by Alfred Aho and Jeffrey Ullman in 1979, who proposed to use fixpoint logic as a database query language (Libkin 2004:vii). With more recent concepts of finite model theory, proof that FO(TC) is strictly more expressive than FO follows immediately from the fact that FO(TC) is not Gaifman-local (Libkin 2004:49).
In computational complexity theory, the complexity class NL corresponds precisely to the set of logical sentences expressible in TC. This is because the transitive closure property has a close relationship with the NL-complete problem STCON for finding directed paths in a graph. Similarly, the class L is first-order logic with the commutative, transitive closure. When transitive closure is added to second-order logic instead, we obtain PSPACE.
In database query languages[edit]
Since the 1980s Oracle Database has implemented a proprietary SQL extension CONNECT BY... START WITH that allows the computation of a transitive closure as part of a declarative query. The SQL 3 (1999) standard added a more general WITH RECURSIVE construct also allowing transitive closures to be computed inside the query processor; as of 2011 the latter is implemented in IBM DB2, Microsoft SQL Server, and PostgreSQL, although not in MySQL (Benedikt and Senellart 2011:189).
Datalog also implements transitive closure computations (Silberschatz et al. 2010:C.3.6).
Efficient algorithms for computing the transitive closure of a graph can be found in Nuutila (1995). The simplest technique is probably the Floyd–Warshall algorithm.[dubious ] The fastest worst-case methods, which are not practical, reduce the problem to matrix multiplication.
More recent research has explored efficient ways of computing transitive closure on distributed systems based on the MapReduce paradigm (Afrati et al. 2011).
See also[edit]
External links[edit]
 - "Transitive closure and reduction", The Stony Brook Algorithm Repository, Steven Skiena.
 - "Apti Algoritmi", An example and some C++ implementations of algorithms that calculate the transitive closure of a given binary relation, Vreda Pieterse.


will enable the scan element, writing 0 will disable it
in_voltageX_type / in_voltageX-voltageY_type / timestamp_type:
Description of the scan element data storage within the buffer and therefore in the form in which it is read from user-space. Form is [s|u]bits/storage-bits. s or u specifies if signed (2's complement) or unsigned. bits is the number of bits of data and storage-bits is the space (after padding) that it occupies in the buffer. Note that some devices will have additional information in the unused bits so to get a clean value, the bits value must be used to mask the buffer output value appropriately. The storage-bits value also specifies the data alignment. So u12/16 will be a unsigned 12 bit integer stored in a 16 bit location aligned to a 16 bit boundary. For other storage combinations this attribute will be extended appropriately.
in_voltageX_index / in_voltageX-voltageY_index / timestamp_index:
A single positive integer specifying the position of this scan element in the buffer. Note these are not dependent on what is enabled and may not be contiguous. Thus for user-space to establish the full layout these must be used in conjunction with all _en attributes to establish which channels are present, and the relevant _type attributes to establish the data storage format.
Low level register access via debugfs (direct_reg_access)
Some IIO drivers feature an optional debug facility, allowing users to read or write registers directly. Special care needs to be taken when using this feature, since you can modify registers on the back of the driver. Accessing debugfs requires root privileges.
In order to identify if the IIO device in question feature this option you first need to identify the IIO device number.
Therefore read the name attribute of each IIO device
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root@analog:~# grep "" /sys/bus/iio/devices/iio\:device*/name
ad7768-1
root@analog:~#
Change directory to /sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:deviceX and check if the direct_reg_access file exists.
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root@analog:~# cd /sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio\:device0/
root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0# ls direct_reg_access
ls direct_reg_access
root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0#
Reading
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0# echo 0x3 > direct_reg_access

root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0# cat direct_reg_access
0x7
root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0#
Writing
Write ADDRESS VALUE
This specifies any shell prompt running on the target
root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0# echo 0x15 0x2 > direct_reg_access
root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0# cat direct_reg_access
0x2
root@analog:/sys/kernel/debug/iio/iio:device0#
More Information
resources/tools-software/linux-drivers/iio-adc/ad7768-_PHONE_.txt.gz · Last modified: 05 Jul 2018 14:06 by Stefan Popa


also be enabled. Defaults to 0.
websockets_headers_size size
Change the websockets headers size. This is a global option, it is not possible to set per listener. This option sets the size of the buffer used in the libwebsockets library when reading HTTP headers. If you are passing large header data such as cookies then you may need to increase this value. If left unset, or set to 0, then the default of 1024 bytes will be used.
Certificate based SSL/TLS Support
The following options are available for all listeners to configure certificate based SSL support. See also "Pre-shared-key based SSL/TLS support".
cafile file path
cafile is used to define the path to a file containing the PEM encoded CA certificates that are trusted when checking incoming client certificates.
capath directory path
capath is used to define a directory that contains PEM encoded CA certificates that are trusted when checking incoming client certificates. For capath to work correctly, the certificates files must have ".pem" as the file ending and you must run "openssl rehash <path to capath>" each time you add/remove a certificate.
certfile file path
Path to the PEM encoded server certificate. This option and keyfile must be present to enable certificate based TLS encryption.
The certificate pointed to by this option will be reloaded when Mosquitto receives a SIGHUP signal. This can be used to load new certificates prior to the existing ones expiring.
ciphers cipher:list
The list of allowed ciphers for this listener, for TLS v1.2 and earlier only, each separated with a colon. Available ciphers can be obtained using the "openssl ciphers" command.
ciphers_tls1.3 cipher:list
The list of allowed ciphersuites for this listener, for TLS v1.3, each separated with a colon.
crlfile file path
If you have require_certificate set to true, you can create a certificate revocation list file to revoke access to particular client certificates. If you have done this, use crlfile to point to the PEM encoded revocation file.
dhparamfile file path
To allow the use of ephemeral DH key exchange, which provides forward security, the listener must load DH parameters. This can be specified with the dhparamfile option. The dhparamfile can be generated with the command e.g.
openssl dhparam -out dhparam.pem 2048
keyfile file path
Path to the PEM encoded server key. This option and certfile must be present to enable certificate based TLS encryption.
The private key pointed to by this option will be reloaded when Mosquitto receives a SIGHUP signal. This can be used to load new keys prior to the existing ones expiring.
require_certificate [ true | false ]
By default an SSL/TLS enabled listener will operate in a similar fashion to a https enabled web server, in that the server has a certificate signed by a CA and the client will verify that it is a trusted certificate. The overall aim is encryption of the network traffic. By setting require_certificate to true, a client connecting to this listener must provide a valid certificate in order for the network connection to proceed. This allows access to the broker to be controlled outside of the mechanisms provided by MQTT.
tls_engine engine
A valid openssl engine id. These can be listed with openssl engine command.
tls_engine_kpass_sha1 engine_kpass_sha1
SHA1 of the private key password when using an TLS engine. Some TLS engines such as the TPM engine may require the use of a password in order to be accessed. This option allows a hex encoded SHA1 hash of the password to the engine directly, instead of the user being prompted for the password.
tls_keyform [ pem | engine ]
Specifies the type of private key in use when making TLS connections.. This can be "pem" or "engine". This parameter is useful when a TPM module is being used and the private key has been created with it. Defaults to "pem", which means normal private key files are used.
tls_version version
Configure the minimum version of the TLS protocol to be used for this listener. Possible values are tlsv1.3, tlsv1.2 and tlsv1.1. If left unset, the default of allowing TLS v1.3 and v1.2.
In Mosquitto version 1.6.x and earlier, this option set the only TLS protocol version that was allowed, rather than the minimum.
use_identity_as_username [ true | false ]
If require_certificate is true, you may set use_identity_as_username to true to use the CN value from the client certificate as a username. If this is true, the password_file option will not be used for this listener.
This takes priority over use_subject_as_username if both are set to true.
See also use_subject_as_username
use_subject_as_username [ true | false ]
If require_certificate is true, you may set use_subject_as_username to true to use the complete subject value from the client certificate as a username. If this is true, the password_file option will not be used for this listener.
The subject will be generated in a form similar to CN=test client,OU=Production,O=Server,L=Nottingham,ST=Nottinghamshire,C=GB.
See also use_identity_as_username
Pre-shared-key based SSL/TLS Support
The following options are available for all listeners to configure pre-shared-key based SSL support. See also "Certificate based SSL/TLS support".
ciphers cipher:list
When using PSK, the encryption ciphers used will be chosen from the list of available PSK ciphers. If you want to control which ciphers are available, use this option. The list of available ciphers can be optained using the "openssl ciphers" command and should be provided in the same format as the output of that command.
psk_hint hint
The psk_hint option enables pre-shared-key support for this listener and also acts as an identifier for this listener. The hint is sent to clients and may be used locally to aid authentication. The hint is a free form string that doesn't have much meaning in itself, so feel free to be creative.
If this option is provided, see psk_file to define the pre-shared keys to be used or create a security plugin to handle them.
tls_version version
Configure the minimum version of the TLS protocol to be used for this listener. Possible values are tlsv1.3, tlsv1.2 and tlsv1.1. If left unset, the default of allowing TLS v1.3 and v1.2.
In Mosquitto version 1.6.x and earlier, this option set the only TLS protocol version that was allowed, rather than the minimum.
use_identity_as_username [ true | false ]
Set use_identity_as_username to have the psk identity sent by the client used as its username. The username will be checked as normal, so password_file or another means of authentication checking must be used. No password will be used.
Configuring Bridges
Multiple bridges (connections to other brokers) can be configured using the following variables.
Bridges cannot currently be reloaded on reload signal.
address address[:port] [address[:port]], addresses address[:port] [address[:port]]
Specify the address and optionally the port of the bridge to connect to. This must be given for each bridge connection. If the port is not specified, the default of 1883 is used.
If you use an IPv6 address, then the port is not optional.
Multiple host addresses can be specified on the address config. See the round_robin option for more details on the behaviour of bridges with multiple addresses.
bridge_attempt_unsubscribe [ true | false ]
If a bridge has topics that have "out" direction, the default behaviour is to send an unsubscribe request to the remote broker on that topic. This means that changing a topic direction from "in" to "out" will not keep receiving incoming messages. Sending these unsubscribe requests is not always desirable, setting bridge_attempt_unsubscribe to false will disable sending the unsubscribe request. Defaults to true.
bridge_bind_address ip address
If you need to have the bridge connect over a particular network interface, use bridge_bind_address to tell the bridge which local IP address the socket should bind to, e.g. bridge_bind_address 192.168.1.10.
bridge_max_packet_size value
If you wish to restrict the size of messages sent to a remote bridge, use this option. This sets the maximum number of bytes for the total message, including headers and payload. Note that MQTT v5 brokers may provide their own maximum-packet-size property. In this case, the smaller of the two limits will be


text:
Esteemed Readers, here is the first Russian folk-tale I would like to share with you. The name Vasili derives from the Greek Βασίλειος (king), in English is more common as Basil. It is very rare in our folk-tales…well at least in those I have read or heard. I suppose that it comes from the South as it tells about sea-voyages.
The structure of the fairy-tale is traditional. It tells about a boy who tells their parents the truth but instead of gratitude he is mistreated. As a result the boy is forced to travel overseas, but there he is welcomed by foreigners. His wit & talents are appreciated abroad, he helps others to solve their problems & is rewarded afterwards. In the end of the story he encounters his wicked parents and forgives them, as he is a noble man, so they all live to enjoy good.
The plot is very popular in our tales. The topic of a family ingratitude touches almost all of them. Animals & birds are other important characters of the Russian fairy-tales. There are few magic creatures, though. Most of those who help humans are real, forest or sea creatures, while their help is mostly practical: a piece of advice, an action, very rarely magic weapons & never spells.
Here is the full text: Russian FairyTale 1
The Source: Afanasiev A.N. "Russian Folk-Tales", Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co, Ltd. London. 1915


Portrait VS Business Headshot
When a photographer is working with a client there is lots of lingo and terminology that can be overwhelming for the customer. In discussions, the lack of clarification on these terms can lead to minor break downs in communication and confusion for the client about what to expect. It can be so helpful for everyone involved when we take a moment to stop and consider what exactly the words that we use every day really mean. Not only does this help from a photographer's perspective to consider the discourse and applications of it, but also, for our clients simply breaking down the terminology help to set the record straight. Let's have a look in to a common area of confusion. Let's consider the difference between a portrait and a business headshot and figure out what these terms are actually referring to! Portrait Broadly, a portrait is a documentation of an individual that shows an accurate likeness of the person.
Often, a client will want a portrait for personal reasons. This often looks like a modelling shoot, a maternity shoot, or pictures of family members. Portraits can also be used beyond these scenarios, for example, artists and content creators will usually use a portrait next to their artist statement or work. There is some confusion here with the word personal. Personal does not directly mean something only used for yourself, but in this case can be inclusive of online profiles, a more personable application or an image to be used as a profile image that falls somewhere between business and casual. It can also refer to a picture of a person that is shot in a more creative or arty style and showcases a concept or an individual's personality within it. Basically, a portrait is a considered and stylised image of yourself that does not scream corporate headshot!
Business Headshot
A headshot is usually a photograph of a person's face that presents them as a professional and refined version of themselves. This style of photograph is often associated with business because a person's profession is the most likely place where they will have to identify in this way. You will also see business headshots on professional orientated platforms like LinkedIn and Glass Door. This is for the same reason as just stated.
In the professional world there is a specific standard one must associate with that lets people know that they are serious and confident in themselves as a professional. There is also an element of conformity in the workplace and this carries over into all of the materials, both contractually and visually. In essence, a business headshot is a photograph of a person that showcases them as a professional in a repetitional way. These kinds of headshots are usually used for business and commercial purposes.
Licensing Licensing is one of those things that changes quite rapidly depending on the job. Licensing is always discussed with a client before work is carried out if it is relevant to the job, this way there is no surprises later down the line. In essence, licensing refers to the rights a client has in regard to how and where they use the images. Most photographers are quite flexible with licensing and consider their client and their individual needs.
Individuals and most small businesses usually won't even have to think about licensing agreements with their photographers. On occasion, dependent on the small business's usage, licensing may need to be agreed but the photographer will be transparent from the get-go about this.
Usually, licensing is only a predominant factor when working with large corporations. You can use online tools if you feel as though licensing may be relevant to your needs to help you to determine the licensing agreements and costs specific to the job you require. The reason we mention licensing at this point is to highlight that usage can be a defining factor in the way services are named and defined. Quite often a business headshot service will be mindful of licensing in the agreement and cost whereas in a portrait service not so much. It feels like one of those things that is implicit in the name, but licensing is one of those scary terms attached to even more scary terms like 'extra costs' and 'usage contract' that can drive away clients.
In reality, it is very simple. Usually, if you are a business or client who needs to discuss licensing, you will already be familiar with it! If not, any good photographer will be very transparent and discuss any licensing procedures before continuing the work.
Ultimately, we use different terms to describe different services. If you enquire about a service that does not seem fitting for your needs, then the photographer will simply let you know that they have a service more relevant to you. This will just change minor things for the photographer, like, make sure they have an appropriate light set up for a professional shoot for instance, but ultimately, it is just to help you out with what to expect. This allows the photographer to provide you with transparent quotes and the ability to clearly outline what they will supply you with at the end! "A lack of transparency results in distrust and a deep sense of insecurity." - Dalai Lama
_TAG_ _TAG_ _TAG_ _TAG_ _TAG_ _TAG_
stace photography contact
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 - Facebook
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© Copyright 2021 Stace Photography
The Societies of Photographers Qualified


- NEW! 64 SFP Blade
 Adds data rate and media flexibility from 10m to 32G including RJ45 copper Ethernet and copper/fiber media conversions
 The Game Changer in Lab Infrastructure Automation
 The ONLY Layer 1 switch that supports any media from 10mb to 128Gb in the SAME CHASSIS
 WFH or from anywhere in the world
 Sustain continuous test lab operations with remote configuration and test execution
 - Finally a viable Layer 1 solution!
 You no longer have to choose between performance/features and affordability. ColdFusion is the ONLY Layer 1 Switch to offer:
 - Any media: Multimode, Singlemode, AOC, DAC, RJ45 copper Ethernet in the same chassis
 - Any speed: from 10mb to 128GB
 - Highest scale: 512 10/32GB SFP ports or 256 QSFP 128GB ports (1024 using 1:4 breakout cables)
 - Flexible, affordable, scalable configurations
 How does a Layer 1 Switch Work?
 The easiest way to think of a Layer 1 switch, also known as a physical layer switch, is as an electronic patch panel. Completely transparent connections between ports is performed based on software commands sent over the control interface. In testing environments, this allows the tests to be as accurate as if there were a patch cord between the devices.
 Why is Layer 1 Important?
 Automating the physical connectivity in a lab environment is the final roadblock to total automation. If the physical layer is manually configured, human intervention will always be required. This also supports a low-contact, work-from-anywhere environment.
 - Test configurations executed in seconds vs. hours
 - Secure, remote access to lab from anywhere
 - Human error, errant results, and retests are eliminated
 - Equipment use is maximized
 All Posts


ObjectDB ObjectDB
Internal Website Search
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127
Criteria Query From Elements
The interfaces in this group are in use for setting a criteria query FROM clause. Criteria Query Variables The FROM clause in JPA queries (as in SQL) defines the query variables. Query variables are represented in criteria queries by descendant interfaces of the From interface: Range variables
126
FROM clause (JPQL / Criteria API)
The FROM clause declares query identification variables that represent iteration over objects in the database. A query identification variable is similar to a variable of a Java enhanced for loop in a program, since both are used for iteration over objects. Range Variables Range variables are query
114
JPA Query Structure (JPQL / Criteria)
clause declares one or more query variables (also known as identification variables). Query variables are similar to loop variables in programming languages. Each query variable represents iteration over objects in the database. A query variable that is bound to an entity class is referred to as
104
JPA Criteria API Queries
the built query. Then a Root instance is created to define a range variable in the FROM clause. Finally, the range variable, c, is also used in the SELECT clause as the query result expression ... The JPA Criteria API provides an alternative way for defining JPA queries, which is mainly useful
101
DELETE Queries in JPA/JPQL
. Applying changes to the database by calling the commit method. JPQL DELETE queries provide an alternative way for deleting entity objects. Unlike SELECT queries, which are used to retrieve data from the database, DELETE queries do not retrieve data from the database, but when executed, delete specified
100
UPDATE SET Queries in JPA/JPQL
. Applying changes to the database by calling the commit method. JPQL UPDATE queries provide an alternative way of updating entity objects. Unlike SELECT queries, which are used to retrieve data from the database, UPDATE queries do not retrieve data from the database, but when executed, update
91
JPA Queries
variables, join and fetch): Other criteria query expressions (for all the query clauses): ... Queries are represented in JPA by the Query and TypedQuery interfaces: The JPA Query API section ... these interfaces to build and run JPQL queries. The TypedQuery interface (or alternatively the older Query
17
[ODB1] Chapter 7 - JDOQL Queries
all the elements that can be used in a JDOQL query filter, except for parameters and variables ... queries with more than three parameters. 7.4 Query Variables There are two types of variables in JDOQL: Bound variables, whose main role is in querying collection fields Unbound variables, which serve
9
declareVariables(variables)
Method javax.jdo.Query void declareVariables( String variables ) Declare the unbound variables to be used in the query. Variables might be used in the filter, and these variables must be declared with their type. The unbound variable declaration is a String containing one or more unbound variable
9
Constants.OPTION_UNCONSTRAINED_QUERY_VARIABLES
Static Field javax.jdo.Constants String OPTION_UNCONSTRAINED_QUERY_VARIABLES "javax.jdo.option.UnconstrainedQueryVariables" Since: JDO 2.1 See Also: PersistenceManagerFactory.supportedOptions()
Getting Started
ObjectDB is very easy to use. Follow the Getting Started Tutorial and the Quick Tour manual chapter and in minutes you may be able to write and run first Java programs against ObjectDB.
Prior knowledge or experience in database programming (SQL, JDBC, ORM, JPA, etc.) is not required, but some background in using the Java language is essential.
Need Help?
 1. Search ObjectDB website
 2. Read the FAQ
 3. Follow the Tutorials
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/file:write>
 </foreach>
 <logger level="INFO" doc:name="Logger" message="#[output application/json --- payload]"/>
 </flow>
</mule>
Extractor Errors
If the content is not in the configured format, a COMPRESSION:INVALID_ARCHIVE error will be thrown. For other errors that occur during the compression process, the operation throws a COMPRESSION:COULD_NOT_DECOMPRESS error.
Common Use cases
Compress a File
This example reads a file, compresses it, and saves it.
<file:read path="file.txt"/>
<compression:compress>
 <compression:compressor>
 <compression:gzip-compressor/>
 </compression:compressor>
</compression:compress>
<file:write path="file-txt.gz"/>
Decompress a Payload from a Remote Service
This example calls a server that returns and decompresses a Zip file.
<wsc:consume config="ZipServiceConfig" operation="returnsZip"/>
<compression:decompress>
 <compression:content>
 #[payload.body.zipContent]
 </compression:content>
 <compression:decompressor>
 <compression:zip-decompressor/>
 </compression:decompressor>
</compression:decompress>


text:
Mission and Purpose
"This mission of the New Jersey conservation partnership is to provide leadership in the planning and implementation of natural resource management programs for the agricultural and development of communities and the general public through a locally based delivery system in coordination with local, state and federal partners"
The Ocean County Soil Conservation District (OCSCD), which originated in 1952, is one of fifteen Soil Conservation Districts in NJ that all work together to implement the New Jersey Soil Erosion and Sediment Control Act, which governs various aspects of new development. The OCSCD is a sub-division of the New Jersey Department of Agriculture, however is locally governed, and operates within the boundaries of Ocean County.
Due to the crisis of the Dust Bowl in the 1930's, Congress passed Public Law 46, declaring soil and water conservation a national policy, and in 1937 President Franklin D. Roosevelt recommended that states allow landowners to form soil and water conservation districts. Today, there are close to 3,000 conservation districts across the country.
The birth of the Ocean County Soil Conservation District came in 1952 from a group of passionate citizens, who wanted to set themselves apart from the then established "Camburton Soil Conservation District" (comprised of Ocean, Camden and Burlington Counties). In 1975, the NJ State Legislature enacted Chapter 251, P.L. 1975, or the Soil Erosion and Sediment Control Act, which mandates that a municipality cannot issue a construction permit unless the local soil conservation district has reviewed and certified a soil erosion and sediment control plan for that construction. The OCSCD implements this law on construction and development sites, as well as supporting the agricultural industries within Ocean County.
The OCSCD has also developed an education program designed to heighten awareness about the importance of natural resources and their conservation and to promote environmental stewardship throughout theBarnegatBaywatershed. Partnerships and combined efforts with agencies such as the NJ Department of Environmental Protection, the USDA-NRCS and Rutgers Cooperative Extension of Ocean County have served to enhance our education efforts.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Do you feel your club is leading the way? Do you want recognition of what your committee has achieved? A stripe is accreditation in one of the following areas: Sustainability, Development, Inclusion and Community and can be awarded for fulfilling any of the suggested criteria or anything else that can be evidenced to justify the recognition.
The Sustainability stripe is awarded to clubs/societies who have: "Made an effort to reduce the carbon footprint of their society and its members. They have actively tried to operate in a sustainable manner in regards to resources and activities and in doing so (or through separate campaigns) have increased environmental awareness to their members and the wider student population." To achieve this, the club/society must meet at least three (bronze level), five (silver level) or seven (gold level) of the following criteria and must submit a form to state how they have met this:
1. Actively participated or volunteered in one of the Students' Union environmental or sustainability campaigns.
2. Made an effort to reduce their carbon footprint as a society. This could include printing less, reducing mileage and recycling more.
3. Created their own environmental campaign to inform fellow students of the importance of acting sustainably.
4. Created awareness of how society members can reduce their carbon footprint.
5. Have publicised the sustainability work that they have engaged with as a society.
6. Have assisted with delivering the Students' Union Environmental Projects
7. Supported a union policy to help improve the sustainability of the Union and all students on campus.
8. Have used the Students' Union Green & Blue Space to host a regular society meeting or a oneoff event.
9. Helped launch a new workshop or initiative as part of the Green & Blue Space
10. Taken any other steps that they feel has helped to make them more sustainable. (Please provide additional details on form)
Find out more about Earn Your Stripes here!


text:
The power of Seahorse XF technology provides real-time kinetics that unlocks essential cellular bioenergetic data
Understanding how bioenergetics regulates cellular function is a question scientists are challenged with every day. Seahorse XF technology and stress test kits make cellular bioenergetic studies simple, efficient and user-friendly. Introduced in 2006 Seahorse XF technology combines a sophisticated electro-optical instrument with "smart plastic" cartridges to enable the real-time measurement of cellular bioenergetics in a non-invasive, multi-well microplate format.
The first in vitro metabolic measurement, Seahorse XF technology non-invasively profiles the metabolic activity of cells in minutes, offering scientists a physiologic cell-based assay for the determination of basal oxygen consumption, glycolysis rates, ATP production, and respiratory capacity in a single experiment to assess mitochondrial dysfunction.
Scientists Worldwide are using Seahorse XF technology for a faster, better, and more accurate measurement of real-time cellular bioenergetics.
By measuring the two major energy producing pathways of the cell simultaneously, mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis, scientists get the most physiologically relevant bioenergetic assay available, resulting in a better overall view of metabolism. Seahorse XF technology also measures fatty acid oxidation, and metabolism of glucose and amino acids for kinetic metabolic information.
No labels, radioactivity, dyes, trypsin, or permeabilization!
Adherent cells, primary cells, suspension cells, and isolated mitochondria can be analyzed easily. Seahorse XF technology allows you to measure mitochondrial function, and dysfunction, in living cells with less set up and clean up than Clark electrode methods.
Measure mitochondrial respiration and glycolytic function in cells with Seahorse XF Stress Test Kits.
XF Cell Mito Stress Test Profile
The fundamental parameters of mitochondrial function: basal respiration, ATP turnover, proton leak, and maximal respiration, or spare respiratory capacity.
XF Glycolysis Stress Test Profile
The fundamental parameters of cellular glycolysis: glycolysis, glycolytic capacity, and glycolytic reserve capacity.
By combining quality controlled reagents with real-time, label-free measurements provided by Seahorse XF technology, the Seahorse XF Cell Mito Stress Test Kit provides a complete mitochondrial stress profile; and the Seahorse XF Glycolysis Stress Test Kit reveals a complete glycolytic profile of the cell; while dedicated software algorithms automatically calculate the key metrics, simplifying data analysis and interpretation.
Everything you need to measure mitochondrial dysfunction in cells
Serving the life sciences industry since 2001, Seahorse Bioscience provides industry-leading analytical instruments, biomanufacturing systems and consumable labware products for biological research and drug discovery. Our customers include scientists at academic institutions, pharmaceutical and biotech organizations, as well as OEM manufacturers of assay kits and lab instruments suppliers.
Seahorse is committed to satisfying its customers. Seahorse shall achieve this with continual improvement of its Quality Management System, Processes, and Customer Service. Seahorse is committed to comply with requirements and to maintain the effectiveness of the quality management system.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.


rces the first argument (and in method form, the invocant) to Numeric and the second ($n) to Int, and produces a list of $n Complex $n-roots, which means numbers that, raised to the $nth power, approximately produce the original number.
For example
my $original = 16;
my @roots = $original.roots(4);
say @roots;
for @roots -> $r {
 say abs($r ** 4 - $original);
}
produces this output:
2+0i 1.22464679914735e-16+2i -2+2.44929359829471e-16i -3.67394039744206e-16-2i
1.77635683940025e-15
4.30267170434156e-15
8.03651692704705e-15
1.04441561648202e-14
method IO
Defined as:
method IO() returns IO::Path:D
Usage:
EXPR.IO
Coerces the invocant to IO::Path.
.say for '.'.IO.dir; # gives a directory listing
routine EVAL
Defined as:
sub EVAL(Cool $code, :$lang = { ... })
Usage:
EVAL "say 'hello'";
Coerces the invocant to Str.
This works as-is with a literal string parameter. If you have a more complex input, such as a variable or string with embedded code, you must enable the MONKEY-SEE-NO-EVAL pragma:
use MONKEY-SEE-NO-EVAL;
EVAL "say { 5 + 5 }";
Symbols in the current lexical scope are visible to code in an EVAL.
my $answer = 42;
EVAL 'say $answer;'; # says 42
However, since the set of symbols in a lexical scope is immutable after compile time, an EVAL can never introduced symbols into the surrounding scope.
EVAL 'my $lives = 9'; say $lives; # error, $lives not declared
Furthermore, the EVAL is evaluated in the current package:
module M {
 EVAL 'our $answer = 42'
}
say $M::answer; # says 42
And also the current language, meaning any added syntax is available:
sub infix:<mean>(*@a) is assoc<list> {
 @a.sum / @a.elems
}
EVAL 'say 2 mean 6 mean 4'; # says 4
An EVAL statement evaluates to the result of the last statement:
say EVAL 'say 1; 2 mean 6 mean 4'; # says 1, then says 4
EVAL is also a gateway for executing code in other languages:
EVAL "use v5.20; say 'Hello from perl5!'", :lang<Perl5>;
routine EVALFILE
Defined as:
sub EVALFILE(Cool $filename, :$lang = { ... })
Usage:
EVALFILE "foo.p6";
Slurps the specified file and evaluates it. Behaves the same way as EVAL with regard to both scoping and the $lang parameter. Evaluates to the value produced by the final statement in the file.
Routines supplied by class Any
IO::Path inherits from class Any, which provides the following methods:
method ACCEPTS
Defined as:
multi method ACCEPTS(Any:D: Mu $other)
Usage:
EXPR.ACCEPTS(EXPR);
Returns True if $other === self (i.e. it checks object identity).
Many built-in types override this for more specific comparisons
method any
Defined as:
method any() returns Junction:D
Usage:
LIST.any
Interprets the invocant as a list and creates an any-Junction from it.
say so 2 == <1 2 3>.any; # True
say so 5 == <1 2 3>.any; # False
method all
Defined as:
method all() returns Junction:D
Usage:
LIST.all
Interprets the invocant as a list and creates an all-Junction from it.
say so 1 < <2 3 4>.all; # True
say so 3 < <2 3 4>.all; # False
method one
Defined as:
method one() returns Junction:D
Usage:
LIST.one
Interprets the invocant as a list and creates a one-Junction from it.
say so 1 == (1, 2, 3).one; # True
say so 1 == (1, 2, 1).one; # False
method none
Defined as:
method none() returns Junction:D
Usage:
LIST.none
Interprets the invocant as a list and creates a none-Junction from it.
say so 1 == (1, 2, 3).none; # False
say so 4 == (1, 2, 3).none; # True
method list
Interprets the invocant as a list, and returns that List.
say 42.list.^name; # List
say 42.list.elems; # 1
method push
The method push is defined for undefined invocants and allowes for autovivifying undefined to an empty Array, unless the undefined value implements Positional already. The argument provided will then be pushed into the newly created Array.
my %h;
dd %h<a>; # Any (and therefor undefined)
%h<a>.push(1); # .push on Any
dd %h; # «Hash %h = {:a($[1])}␤» # please not the Array
routine reverse
Defined as:
multi sub reverse(*@list ) returns List:D
multi method reverse(List:D:) returns List:D
Usage:
reverse(LIST)
LIST.reverse
Returns a list with the same elements in reverse order.
Note that reverse always refers to reversing elements of a list; to reverse the characters in a string, use flip.
Examples:
say <hello world!>.reverse # world! hello
say reverse ^10 # 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
method sort
Sorts iterables with infix:<cmp> or given code object.
Examples:
say <b c a>.sort; # a b c
say 'bca'.comb.sort.join; # abc
say 'bca'.comb.sort({$^b cmp $^a}).join; # cba
say '231'.comb.sort(&infix:«<=>»).join; # 123
method map
Defined as:
proto method map(|) is nodal { * }
multi method map(\SELF: █; :$label, :$item)
multi method map(HyperIterable:D: █; :$label)
map will iterate over the invocant and apply the number of positional parameters of the code object from the invocant per call. The returned values of the code object will become elements of the returned Seq.
method flat
Interprets the invocant as a list, flattens it, and returns that list. Please note that .flat will not solve the halting problem for you. If you flat an infinite list .flat may return that infinite list, eating all your RAM in the process.
say ((1, 2), (3)).elems; # 2
say ((1, 2), (3)).flat.elems; # 3
method eager
Interprets the invocant as a list, evaluates it eagerly, and returns that list.
say (1..10).eager; # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
method elems
Interprets the invocant as a list, and returns the number of elements in the list.
say 42.elems; # 1
say <a b c>.elems; # 3
method end
Interprets the invocant as a list, and returns the last index of that list.
say 6.end; # 0
say <a b c>.end; # 2
method pairup
method pairup() returns List
Interprets the invocant as a list, and constructs a list of pairs from it, in the same way that assignment to a Hash does. That is, it takes two consecutive elements and constructs a pair from them, unless the item in the key position already is a pair (in which case the pair is passed is passed through, and the next list item, if any, is considered to be a key again).
say (a => 1, 'b', 'c').pairup.perl; # ("a" => 1, "b" => "c").list
sub exit
sub exit(Int() $status = 0)
Exits the current process with return code $status.
Routines supplied by class Mu
IO::Path inherits from class Mu, which provides the following methods:
routine defined
multi sub defined(Mu) returns Bool:D
multi method defined() returns Bool:D
Returns False on the type object, and True otherwise.
say Int.defined; # False
say


text:
Dreamz Master Mind Academy provides ESP Brain Training and Mid-Brain Activation skill.
- Two days workshop,Let Kids powerful whole brain ability
- A proven technique of optimizing the function of the middle,Left and Right Brain
Our Training centre is a specialist in mid brain activation programme to help the children of aged 5 to 15 years old to activate the mid brain in two day long training. Once a child mid brain is activated,they were able to do things blindfolded, that mean your child is able to unleash their full potential for a lifetime. If your child is academically inclined you will see your child improve in their studies. If your child is creative, they would be more creative. With the mid brain activated, your child may have outstanding learning condition which genius has. This improves their concentration, memory and creativity.
Benefits of ESP Brain Training and Midbrain Activation skill:
- Memory Enhancement
- Concentration Enhancement
- Confidence Boosting
- Creativity Enhancement
- Emotion Management
- Enter the Genius Mind learning state
In Dreams Master Mind Academy our trainers has completed their Midbrain activation training programme and awarded by Mind Power Training Centre in Malaysia.


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Pulse Accelerator Drone
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Pulse accelerator drone
A Pulse Accelerator Drone
A Pulse Accelerator Drone (Kor'vesa in the Tau Lexicon) is a type of Tau Drone (small, sleek, disc-shaped, semi-sentient machines) employed extensively alongside Tau units in battle. Pulse Accelerator Drones have to date only been deployed as part of Pathfinder reconnaissance teams during the Third Sphere Expansion. All Pulse Accelerator Drones are equipped with a Pulse Accelerator, which is an advanced device that emits a powerful induction field. This field accelerates the speed of pulse charges fired by any Pulse Weapons in the vicinity, thereby increasing their overall range by a significant amount.
Pulse Accelerator Drones consist of an advanced processor unit, which individually has only a basic intelligence (approximately that of a small animal such as a pterasquirrel), and moves about by way of a small anti-gravitic generator and a smaller and much modified version of a Tau Jetpack. This allows the Pulse Accelerator Drone to hover over the ground and skim over most obstacles. As they hover over landscapes, rotating back and forth, their sensor vane constantly transmits vital information about their surroundings.
Pulse Accelerator Drones that are attached to a Tau squad can be controlled by a Drone Controller, whether it is in the form of a support system for a Tau Battlesuit, or a hard-wired piece of wargear for Tau infantry. A Drone Controller is an electronic device that can be used by the Tau to further enhance their control over their robotic companions. A Drone Controller acts as a hub of digital communications between the Drone's operator and any Drones that are nearby the user. It serves as an advanced interface between the operator and the artificial intelligence (AI) combat programs of the Drones, and is often used to direct the Drones' firepower far more efficiently and with a level of accuracy far greater than would otherwise be possible on the battlefield.
So deeply do the Tau believe in the Greater Good, that even their Drones are programmed with self-preservation protocols. In the face of what the AI deems to be hopeless odds, a Drone will attempt to escape rather than stand and fight. While in certain extreme circumstances Drones might be deployed on high-risk missions likely to lead to their destruction or purposefully moved to block enemy advances on units of Fire Warriors, the Tau do not consider Drones to be disposable units and the Drone artificial intelligence will analyse every possibility in order to ensure its own survival.
Ordo Xenos Departmento Analyticus Technical SpecificationsEdit
The technical specifications for this Tau unit have not been obtained or released by the Ordo Xenos.
SourcesEdit
 - Codex: Tau Empire (4th Edition), pp. 25, 31, 35
 - Codex: Tau Empire (6th Edition), pp. 32-33, 38, 55, 69
 - Imperial Armour Volume Three - The Taros Campaign, pg. 282
 - Deathwatch: Mark of the Xenos (RPG), pp. 12
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text:
Published by the American Geological Institute
Newsmagazine of the Earth Sciences
When a fine eye for art was not enough, museum curators and scientists sleuthed out the identity of ancient marble statues using oxygen isotopes. But comparing a work of art to its source rock was often hit or miss — few quarries have undergone the extensive fieldwork needed to provide a detailed understanding of the area.
Now, a doctoral student at the University of Georgia has completed the first systematic characterization of the Pentelic marble quarries on Mount Pentelikon in Greece, providing a geographically detailed isotopic database that will help source some of the world's most prized Greek antiquities.
Increasing the resolution of the Pentelic database will have a tremendous effect on the field of marble studies, says Scott Pike, who spoke about his study at the Geological Society of America meeting in November. "Archeologists, art historians and museum curators may be able to probe further into questions concerning trade and commerce, development of aesthetic values and modern forgeries, ancient copies and disassociated fragments."
In fact, Pike's work has already helped to pinpoint the small group of quarries that supplied the source rock for the Elgin Marbles — sculptures that adorned the Parthenon as early as the fifth century B.C. Pike first mapped out all of the existing quarries in the ancient quarry region — studying a 500-meter wide and 1.2-kilometer long stretch up the south slope of Mount Pendeli. He then collected multiple marble samples from all the ancient quarries and analyzed the isotope ratios of carbon and oxygen in the calcite, the primary mineral in marble.
Pike noticed that three neighboring quarries in the upper section of the quarry area have marbles with very high oxygen-18 ratios when compared to samples from all of the other Pentelic quarries, ratios that correlate with the published values of the Elgin marbles. "The data not only confirms that the Elgin marbles are Pentelic, we can now pinpoint the exact quarries from which the marble was extracted," he says.
His work has also helped document the unique isotopic differences among quarries found along what Norman Herz, the pioneer of the isotopic technique and now an professor emeritus of geology at Georgia, calls "one of the most important quarry sites in classical archeology."
But isotopic analysis is not always a guarantee of a sculpture's origin. A combination of expertise is needed to pinpoint a marble artifact's origin. Sometimes it does take an expert with an eye for marble to tell the difference. Marble at Cape Vathy on the Greek Island of Thasos has an isotopic signature similar to the Pendeli marble, says John Herrmann, curator of ancient art at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts. The same signature is also found in marble from the island of Naxos. Identifying the different marbles comes down to grain size. Unlike the fine-grain marble of Pendeli, Thasos and Naxos sport coarse-grain marbles.


text:
- Private Institution Type
In September 1995, Pastor Wayne Cordeiro founded New Hope Christian Fellowship in Honolulu, Hawaii. He brought with him a passion to develop leaders for the church and decided to found the School of Church Planters (SCP) in response to this need for leadership training. Graduates of the SCP program went on to plant churches in more than twenty countries.In 1998, the School of Church Planters was re-established as Pacific Rim Bible Institute, a formal Bible Institute of the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel. Pastor Wayne Cordeiro was appointed as President and Dr. Randall Furushima was Dean. Over the years, the Bible Institute grew into a college and finally, with the addition of graduate programs, the college became a university.
The Library consistently develops and evaluates its physical and electronic collections to best serve the research needs of the university community. As a research library, teaching information literacy is our primary goal and we continue to seek ways in which we can improve in this area. We endeavor to provide the most comprehensive and valuable collection of Christian theology and Bible studies in the state of Hawai'i.
Pacific Rim Christian University Library's purpose is to facilitate the university's discipleship of emerging Christian leaders by providing access to information resources and library services supportive of its biblical higher education curriculum.
The university is accredited by the Association for Biblical Higher Education,
Together with the ISIC Association and British Council IELTS, Studyportals offers you the chance to receive up to £10000 to expand your horizon and study abroad. We want to ultimately encourage you to study abroad in order to experience and explore new countries, cultures and languages.


text:
Plagron nutrition is one of the "A-brands" when it comes to substrates, plant nutrition and additives. Plagron is easy to use and gives the effect you want, this makes it an ideal product for both beginning and experienced growers. The nutritional supplements from Plagron are not high concentrated and give a high yield/ harvest and a pleasant odor. To make it easier for you to find the necessities for your cultivation Plagron nutrition has devided their nutrition in five different categories.
-100% natural (green label)
-100% terra (pink label)
-100% coco (orange label)
-100% hydro (blue label)
-universal (purple label)
So if you want to do your cultivation biological Plagron has the 100% natural categorie. Plagron nutrition is known for being natural. For example as substrate Plagron Promix or Allmix combined with Alga Grow and Alga Bloom as basic nutrition. To make the soil life even lighter and more powerful you could use one of the universal additives Plagron Megaworm.
Plagron Alga Bloom and Plagron Alga Grow are basic nutrients on algae base. Alga Bloom is good for the bloom period and will cause your plants to have a floriferous. Alga Grow is a biological basic nutrient for during the grow phase of the plant and causes an even grow and root development. Alga Grow ensures a strong base so the plant can bloom strong in a later phase.
Plagron Terra Bloom and Plagron Terra Grow are concentrated biological mineral nutrients for starting and experienced growers. Terra Bloom ensures a high fertilization during the bloom phase of your plants, which in turn causes many strong fruits to grow.
Plagron Green Sensation is a particularly powerful booster that will guarantee a high yield/ harvest. Green Sensation contains all the needed nutrients for the last four to six weeks of the bloom phase and makes the plant stronger.


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WDPG 3.8 Resource assessment
WDPG 3.8.1G
1To achieve the objective of winding-down in an orderly manner, a firm needs to have adequate financial and non-financial resources to do this and may ask itself a range of questions.
WDPG 3.8.2G
What non-financial resources, such as premises, IT, key employees, external advisors etc., does it need to carry out the steps identified in the operational analysis and for how long might it need them? (See WDPG 3.7 (Operational analysis: what happens during the wind-down process?)) Firms that are part of a larger group may need to consider issues of inter-connectedness, and in particular between regulated and unregulated parts of the group.
WDPG 3.8.3G
If a firm relies on outsourced services, will these services still be available during the wind-down period, or are contingency measures in place? When negotiating outsourcing agreements, firms may wish to consider the possible invocation of their wind-down plan and the impact this would have on the contractual relationship.
WDPG 3.8.4G
If a firm is part of a larger group, and is depending on group resources, would it still have adequate resources to wind down in an orderly manner if the group failed?
WDPG 3.8.5G
This guide does not provide any rule or interpretation in relation to the financial resources requirements applicable to a firm. Rather, it highlights some of the factors which a firm may want to consider in its wind-down planning.
WDPG 3.8.6G
It is important that firms monitor their solvency on a regular basis to ensure they continue to be able to meet their obligations as they fall due. If a firm becomes uncertain of its ability to do so, it may seek professional advice, such as from an auditor or insolvency practitioner to assist.
WDPG 3.8.7G
A firm in wind-down will likely have non-routine cash inflows and outflows, which are best monitored on a daily basis. These will include:
 1. (1)
 inflows, i.e. predicted revenue and other inflows that are likely to be limited after the triggering event and/or if a wind-down decision is made;
 2. (2)
 ordinary outflows, i.e. the cost of maintaining operational premises and systems; and
 3. (3)
 extraordinary outflows associated with winding down, such as extra closure costs, legal fees, professional services and insolvency practitioner fees, redundancy payments, retention payments, pension fund deficits, lease and other termination penalties and the costs of breaking contracts.
WDPG 3.8.8G
A firm might then consider if it would have enough cash or cash-equivalent investments to meet operating expenses and any other obligations during the wind-down period.


text:
Communities in Kenya have adopted one another's food preferences and recipes. With the exception of the Coast and Indian communities for whom food preparation is an elaborate process, nearly all other communities garnish their food by frying it. They also boil, bake in hot ashes and roast. Common foods include:
It is a sticky mixture of flour and water and is accompanied by vegetables, meat, milk or milk mixed with blood especially for pastoralist communities. Traditionally, it is made from millet or cassava. But maize flour has increasingly taken pride of place.
lt is used to prepare sauces and stews. Communities have different ways of preparing meat, but roast meat is widely eaten as a delicacy especially in urban areas. Animals slaughtered for meat depend on the location, with beef and mutton the most common. Camel and game are the preserve of communities with access to the animals.
In the last quarter ofthe 20th century, maize replaced sorghum as the most important cereal in Kenya. lt is roasted and eaten as a snack and sold on the streets and in markets.
Green boiled maize, often garnished with salt, is also common. Among the Somali, fresh maize (galeey) is
fried in oil and eaten as a snack. Dry maize is also fried to make popcorn, popular with children.
A mixture of green or dry maize and beans, cowpeas, pigeon peas or even groundnuts is also popular. lt is eaten as a main course or snack. Sometimes, it is pounded with Irish or sweet potatoes, bananas and green vegetables.
A wide range of traditional and exotic fruits are consumed in Kenya, usually as snacks. Mango, citrus fruits, banana, jackfruit, papaya, melons, guava, passion fruit, custard apple and avocado pear are common. Many traditional fruits such as baobab, wild custard apple, carissa, dialium, flacourtia (Indian plum), marula, vangueria, tamarind, vitex and 'jujube' are picked in the wild.
They are used as accompaniments for starchy food such as ugali. Common traditional vegetables include
baobab, cowpeas, amaranth, vine spinach, Ethiopian kale, pumpkin leaves, spider plant and hibiscus.
Kale (sukuma wiki) is now the most common vegetable in Kenya.


text: Drawing diagrams with PlantUML is fun and easy. We use text to describe the diagram and the we get a graphical representation. Especially in combination with Asciidoctor with PlantUML integration we have a winning combination to write technical documentation. Because our text is transformed into a graphical format like PNG we don't have much influence on the layout. There are options to indicate positions of elements, but we can also use the length of lines to influence the position of elements.


text:
African Art: New Genres and Transformational Philosophies
This chapter explores the new genres of African art and discusses some of the philosophies that nurture them. The corpus of traditional African art entails ubiquitous items, such as masks, religious icons, figurines, house posts, pottery, textiles, carved doors, jewelry, and body art, most of which were produced for religious purposes. The royal institutions and traditional religions that sustained the production of precolonial African art came under attack with the strengthening of foreign religions like Christianity and Islam around the later part of the fourteenth century. Postcolonial African art may be grouped into three major categories: traditional, urban, and international. Urban art evolved in Africa with the development of metropolitan communities in the colonial and postcolonial periods. Apart from the influence of Western-styled education, the introduction of "modernism" as a way of life in Africa has had a profound impact on the careers of international artists.


There are 2 greate modules for importing nodes Feeds and Feed Import. Is there a way to update fields of existing nodes on import from XML or CSV file?
For example, there is an XML feed from another website with products (id + price) and file with additional data for the same products (id + description). How to import both sources into the same node in Drupal?
You need to set up feeds and feeds_xpathparser. You could found a good start for configuring all this here : _URL_
Concerning your concern about updating, you can do this by configuring the guid as your external unique id. In the screenshot provided, you can see in my case the xml tag used for unique id is simply .
xml parser configuration
Then, you just have to configure the node processor so that it will "Update existing node" when it found a duplicate as shown on the screenshot below.
enter image description here
You should know the nid to be able to import this product.
In node import when you add the nid to the csv it understand that there is an update, but you should try it, maybe it delete all the content but not the information from the csv.
The best options in this case should be to make a bacthapi process to update all the nodes.
Your Answer


text:
Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on (2011)
Aug. 22, 2011 to Aug. 27, 2011
During events that involve large crowds (e.g., demonstrations or sports events), large-scale aggressive outbursts are not uncommon. Since these outbursts are usually triggered by relatively small stimuli, and the amount of people involved may grow very quickly, their emergence is often highly unpredictable and difficult to control. The number of different factors that play a role in the development of crowds is large, which makes it difficult to gain a concrete insight in how the collective aggressive behaviour of a given crowd (with known parameters) will develop. This paper is a position paper and is to be considered as a first step in the development of an ambient system to analyse and control the emergence of aggressive behaviour in crowds under different circumstances. The main purpose is to use the system to provide support for police officers and (formal) guardians in both detecting, decreasing and avoiding (the number of) riots.
ambient intelligence, crowd simulation, aggression
Charlotte Gerritsen, "Using Ambient Intelligence to Control Aggression in Crowds", Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on, vol. 03, no., pp. 53-56, 2011, doi:10.1109/WI-IAT.2011.25