Powershell HTML Reports
From time to time, you will be asked to create a web report with data that can only be easily obtained by PowerShell. There are hundreds of modules out there that can do this, which is very nice. This blog isn't about those modules, but instead some tricks I have learned over the years. When it comes to custom HTML reports, these are very customized from data sources like Azure, Active Directory, even SLQlite services. If all possible I like to use the Universal dashboard. But the UD doesn't translate to emails or IIS pages very well. Let's get started with the here string.
Here-String
$HereString =@"
Information
"@
A here-string is used to create a block of text. In the example above you see the variable HereString is equal to @""@. This is very important. The @ symbol indicates the start and stops of a here-string. You can place variables inside the here-string as well. This means you can build variables outside of the here-string and plump them into the string. Here is an example of our base for the website.
$HTML = @"

<title>Employee List</title>

"@
From this template, we can add CSS coding, powershell tables, lists and much more. The next important item we need to talk about is the convertto-html commandlet.
Convertto-html
This command is the heart of creating tables out of PowerShell information. For example, you want to pull all enabled users from the employees OU and display their displaynames, samaccountnames, department, and title in order. That's a simple get-aduser command.
$users = Get-ADUser -Filter {enabled -eq $true} '
-SearchBase "OU=hospice Users,DC=Hospice,DC=Local" '
-Properties displayname,samaccountname,title,department '
| Select-Object Displayname,Samaccountname,Title,Department '
| sort-object Displayname
Now we need to convert this array of data into a useable table. This is where convertto-html comes into place. We can tell the command to create a full website just for the tabled information or we can tell it to produce a single table using the as flag and the fragment flag.
$UsersToHTML = $users | ConvertTo-Html -as Table -Fragment
Now we have a user table that we can drop into our Here-string from above. The Here-string is the last thing you will create during this custom process.
$HTML = @"

<title>Employee List</title>

$UsersToHTML

"@
This is pretty much the basics of how you would create a site of all users and their user names. You export that site using the >> command. So it would look like this:
$HTML >> <Pathtohtml>.html
Going Deeper – Employee Directory With Images
Let's go a little deeper by making an employee Directory with pictures. In this scenario, we will assume that the active directory has thumbnail photos inside of it. This Scenario is going to be based on an IIS server and everything is set up for a basic HTML page. I will as
Requirements:
 - If a property is not present in the AD account, null or blank, do not display that property.
 - All users must have a photo or a placeholder.
 - The table must be in alphbetical order by the displayname.
 - Required Properities:
 - Photo
 - Display Name
 - Username
 - Job Title
 - Department
 - Mobile Phone
 - Office Phone
 - Fax
 - Manager
The first thing we need to do is grab the data that we need from the active directory. We do that with the get-aduser command.
$users = Get-ADUser -filter {enabled -eq $true} '
-Properties thumbnailPhoto,Displayname,SamAccountName,Title,Department,MobilePhone,OfficePhone,Fax,Manager
There will be two tables that we will be working with. The first table will be two columns and however many rows we will need. The first column will contain the 128×128 active directory thumbnail photo. The second column will contain the Users information. The second column will contain a table with two columns and 8 rows. The first column will be the name of the value and the second column will be the value itself.
I can do this in two ways. I can start the first table inside the here-string or I can create the table before the here-string. I'm going to create the table before the here-string. This way I have a clear image in my head of the table that I am inputting into the here-string. Notice the UserTable is a here-string as well. So we will refer to the Main HTML here-string as the HTML string from here on out.
$UserTable = @"

"@
Now we have a basic HTML table built. From here on out, we will be creating the rows for this table. Inside each row will be the two columns. The photo column and the data column. The data column will contain the table with the employee data on it. It's time to start looping through that user's object we created a while ago. We start off with a simple foreach loop. Inside the loop the logic will go as follows:
 - Grab the photo from the thumbnail property and save it to the image repo using the username.
 - Start the new row. Inside the first column of the new row, we check to see if that photo exists. If it does, then we we create an img tag of the file, if it doesn't then we target the general image file.
 - The second column we blank out the values for each item.
 - Then we create the table.
 - Then we create if statements that creates each row in table 2. if the users object has the property in question for that user, we set the value and create the
 accordingly.
 - Finally we close off the second table and the row.
 - Then after all of the rows on table 1 is created, we close off the table.
Phew. This is going to be crazy.
The first part is to download the photo in question. If the user's profile has a thumbnail photo we will download it from AD using the set-content command. (PS5)
foreach ($User in $Users) {
 $PhotoPath = "<path>/images/$($user.samaccountname).jpg"
 if ($Null -ne $user.thumbnailPhoto) {
 $user.thumbnailPhoto | Set-Content $PhotoPath -Encoding byte
 }
}
The next step is to determine if the file exists. If it does, we want to create the Image URL towards the new user's image. If not, we want it to go to the placeholder image. All of this is still within the Loop in question.
if (Test-Path $PhotoPath) {
 $ImageURL = "Images/$($user.UserPrincipalName).jpg"
} else {
 $ImageURL = "Images/Placeholder.png"
}
Now we need to make a placeholder for each property that we will be using. We do this so the next time the loop processes, we have fresh variables.
$DisplayName = ""
$Username = ""
$JobTitle = ""
$Department = ""
$MobilePhone = ""
$OfficePhone = ""
$Fax = ""
$Manager = ""
Now we need to test these variables and fill them up with HTML code. Each one of these will be a row on the table2. The code below is the same for each of these. All you need to do is replace the <value> with the value in question. The one on the left is what you will replace. The one on the right is an example.
if ($Null -ne $User.<Value>) {
 $<value>= @"

 <value>:

 $($User.<value>)

"@
 }
if ($Null -ne $User.OfficePhone) {
 $OfficePhone= @"

 Office Phone:

 $($User.OfficePhone)

"@
 }


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The Great Transatlantic Cable | Article
Inventing the Mirror Galvanometer
Cable Galvanometer.jpg
Burndy Library
A chance "eureka moment" by a Scottish physicist solved a problem that had plagued the transatlantic cable -- and made a lord out of the man who had the insight.
Young Physicist
Son of a mathematics professor at Glasgow University, William Thomson entered university at age 11, studied physics in Paris, and was appointed to the natural philosophy chair at Glasgow at the ripe old age of 22. There he created the world's first physics laboratory, allowing students to conduct experiments rather than just study theory. Author of more than 300 papers, Thomson presented the first statement of the Second Law of Thermodynamics. Fortunately for the cable project, Thomson also accepted an invitation to join the board of directors of the Atlantic Telegraph Company.
Improving Weak Signals
One of the fundamental problems of transmitting a signal through a lengthy submarine cable was that the electrical current tended to be very low (as little as 1/100,000th of a standard light bulb), making any signals sent difficult to detect. A.T.C. Chief Electrician Edward Whitehouse thought this problem could only be solved by sending larger doses of electric current down the line. But Thomson had a different approach. He thought the best response was to devise a device that could read faint signals. The galvanometer, first invented in 1802, was a means of detecting electric current. It consisted of a needle that was deflected by the magnetic field that electric current created; a stronger current produced a larger deflection. But the galvanometers of the day couldn't detect the weak signals that came through a long underwater cable.
Idea for a Detector
One day Thomson was in his study, standing at a desk and twirling his monocle. He observed that the sunshine coming in the window was reflecting off the monocle, and the spot of light it created was zooming around the room. Suddenly, Thomson realized what he had to do. He directed his assistant to attach a tiny glass reflector to an iron wire. When Thomson focused a kerosene flame on the mirror, it showed even the slightest movement of the wire. This device, which Thomson dubbed the mirror galvanometer, could detect signals one thousand times fainter than other receivers.
Lord Kelvin
Thanks to Thomson's invention, the weak currents through the submarine cable could now be easily read. Whereas Whitehouse's high-voltage induction coils had burnt out the insulation of the first cable, Thomson's mirror galvanometer required only a little battery and enabled operators to read the Morse Code coming through the cable at ten times the old rate. It was a crowning achievement for the man whom Arthur C. Clarke would later describe as combining the talents of Albert Einstein and Thomas Edison. The invention of the mirror galvanometer inspired poetry and led to Thomson being knighted Lord Kelvin, the first scientist to receive such an honor. And Kelvin's name lives on; one year after his death, the temperature unit used by scientists was renamed the Kelvin in his honor.
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Mobile Tracking Would Be Great, If It Weren't Illegal. (What, Everything Has To Be Perfect With You?)
Written by Mark Rasch
November 16th, 2011
When we told you recently about the Australian shopping mall that tracked customer movement through mobile phone signals, it presented a very compelling CRM opportunity. It would also almost certainly be illegal in the U.S. (What? Everything has to be perfect with you?)
Here, it is illegal to intercept the contents of a cell phone call or to force a cell phone provider to pony up information about a user without—at a minimum—a court order based upon a certification by a law enforcement or other official that the information is relevant to an ongoing criminal (or sometimes intelligence) case. The federal pen register law makes it a crime to "install or use a pen register or trap and trace device" without such a court order, unless you are a "provider of electronic or wire communication service" and your use of the pen register is for certain limited purposes. There is little doubt that neither a mobile nor a mall operator would be considered a "provider of electronic communication services."
But what exactly is a pen register? Here is where it gets a bit funky. Under U.S. law, a "pen register" is "a device or process which records or decodes dialing, routing, addressing or signaling information." A "trap and trace device," for which a court order is also required, means a "device or process which captures the incoming electronic or other impulses which identify the originating number or other dialing, routing, addressing and signaling information reasonably likely to identify the source of a wire or electronic communication."
The key here is the definition of "signaling information," a provision added after Sept. 11, 2001, in statutory amendments under the USA PATRIOT Act. Several courts have concluded that the term "signaling information" includes things like signal strength data used to determine the location of an individual. It appears that the Australian trial, to the extent that it is recording "signaling" information from a cell phone, would be illegal under U.S. law. It's also pretty creepy.
If a mall operator wanted to know what consumers do when they enter the mall ("Hey, Mom. I want to go to the eatery, then see Santa and then go to the Apple store!"), that operator could follow them around as they browsed. Operators could also use sophisticated pattern recognition software attached to the ubiquitous digital video cameras to track individuals.
The new "cell phone tracking" technology turns the phone in your pocket, one that you are paying for, into a GPS tracking device for the mall. Your cell phone is really just a radio, constantly transmitting and receiving. Although the company's Web site does not disclose how it works, it is likely that the device is similar to a cell phone tower itself, transmitting a signal to cell phones within range and receiving back a signal from the cell phone.
Unlike a "real" cell provider, the ping it sends is blank.
3 Comments | Read Mobile Tracking Would Be Great, If It Weren't Illegal. (What, Everything Has To Be Perfect With You?)
 1. Susan Musleh Says:
 Malls track shoppers…. It's here…. street level data mining. Why should this information be confined to mega mall owners? I get it… personal privacy is gone…. But if our privacy as human beings is traceable by the UI of our cell phones… (And it is) all of us being tracked should have the information available. Street level data mining is very powerful, profitable and scary. A community consciousness needs to be implemented now. Large conglomerates collecting data on an individual bases and collectively leveraging our very movements for their own agendas… is simply exploitation.
 2. John Says:
 You have chosen an unfortunate example of "the person hanging around outside the Victoria's Secret dressing room was your 70-year-old neighbor." That is probably a reason why most people would AGREE that this kind of surveillance is necessary.
 Why not make an argument using an example of someone doing something completely innocuous? Such as: "it is a trivial task to cross reference the cell phone data with the payment data and send a message to Store B that someone who just spent $1000 at Store A just walked in their door."
 3. mobile tracking Says:
 Mobile tracking isn't necessarily illegal. You can track your family or vehicles to ensure their safety.
Leave a Reply
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text:
Increased consumption of herbs may be a useful approach to reducing the risk of osteoporosis. Researchers have found that common herbs, including sage, rosemary and thyme, can inhibit the breakdown of bone that contributes to osteoporosis.
Because these herbs are rich in essential oil components, the researchers also looked at essential oils and specific components of these essential oils to inhibit bone breakdown. We have known for some time that minerals found in plants, such as calcium, potassium and magnesium, are important to bone health. Plants also contain vitamins K and C, as well as phytoestrogens, that may contribute to bone health. But substances other than these that are found in essential oils may be equally important.
Testing the Theory
In their experiments, researchers from the University of Bern in Switzerland used a model of osteoporosis in rats. Rats were fed a diet containing powdered herbs, essential oils or purified monoterpenes from these essential oils for a period of 10 days. Bone breakdown during this time was measured by the release into the urine of bone breakdown markers.
Besides the powdered whole herbs sage, rosemary and thyme, the essential oils that inhibited bone breakdown included sage, juniper, pine, dwarf pine, eucalyptus and rosemary. Pine oil was discovered to be the most potent. Protective effects were seen as early as two days following treatment. Orange peel, fennel and cumin were the only oils tested that did not inhibit bone breakdown.
Researchers investigated further to determine what components of essential oil were responsible for this inhibition of bone breakdown. They found that the essential oil components thujone, eucalyptol and camphor all had inhibiting activity. Borneol had limited activity and only at a higher dose. These components are all monoterpenes found in sage oil. Components of pine oil — alpha-pinene, beta-pinene and bornylacetate—also were inhibitors of bone breakdown. Additionally, menthol, thymol and medicinal turpentine were found to inhibit bone breakdown.
Take Them or Cook Them
In the study, the dried herbs were given in the food at a dose of 1 gram per day. To scale this up to human proportions, this would mean about 150 grams per day, or 10 tablespoons of dried herb. The essential oils were active between 30 to 100 milligrams per day, pine being the most active. Again, to scale this to proportion for a human would mean about 15 grams of oil, or about 3 teaspoons per day. It is not advised that you take these very large amounts because toxicity studies and clinical trials have not been conducted on their safety. However, since these are culinary herbs, there is no reason not to increase the use of sage, rosemary and thyme in cooking or in teas.
Bone breakdown that leads to osteoporosis is, unfortunately, a normal event that occurs in humans as we age. To slow its progression, medical science has suggested a regular exercise routine and ingestion of calcium-containing foods or supplements. A diet rich in vegetables, including onions, has been found to decrease bone loss, as well. This research further expands the list of foods known to prevent bone loss.
Muhlbauer, R.C., et al. "Common herbs, essential oils, and monoterpenes potently modulate bone metabolism." Bone 2003; 32: 372 – 380.
Cindy L. A. Jones, Ph.D., Sagescript Institute (_URL_).

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The Robotics Education and Competition (REC) Foundation and VEX Robotics have provided opportunities for students to compete during the difficult times that the COVID-19 crisis has created. Many schools are in hybrid or remote learning and many have travel restrictions making in-person competitions impossible. However, there are still a number of options available for competition. These options are available for both the VEX Robotics Competition and the VEX IQ Challenge. The REC Foundation Season Restart Guide is a great reference to help navigate your challenges.
This article will cover the following:
- Skills-Only Event: Remote, Live
- Skills-Only Event: Remote, Pre-Recorded
- Live Remote Tournaments
- Skills Game Element setup
- Remote Judging
Skills-Only Event: Remote, Live
The Skills-Only Event Remote, Live is a remote version of a Skills-Only Event. It is an event held exclusively via a live, online video platform organized by the Event Partner. The Event Partner will either allow teams to complete skills run on a first-come first-serve basis, or they may assign time slots for the teams to complete their runs.
Teams must have a robot which has passed inspection (inspection is completed at the Event), a competition field with a complete set of game elements, internet access, and capability to participate with the online video platform for the event. The camera (webcam, cell phone, or tablet) broadcasting the teams' skills run must be placed so the entire competition field and participants are visible. The main camera or a secondary camera must be able to be moved around to view different parts of the field if the head referee requires to see a specific portion.
Teams can register for these events at RobotEvents.com.
- VEX IQ Challenge, Rise Above, 2020- 2021 Season Game Manual (Skills-Only Remote Live Tournament Game Rules, pages 28-30)
- VEX Robotics Competition, Change Up, 2020-2021 season, Appendix B - Skills Challenge (Skills-Only Event: Remote, Live, pages vii-viii)
- Event Partner Guidelines for Hosting Remote Skills-only Events
Skills-Only Event: Remote, Pre-Recorded
This type of event is similar to a Live Remote Skills-Only Event. However, a "Remote, Pre-Recorded" Skills-Only Event is an event held exclusively via videos of Robot Skills Matches that are submitted to and scored by an Event Partner and/or Head Referee. The video must be uncut and recorded during the specified time frame provided by the Event Partner.
Teams will need to upload their video on a publicly accessible platform like YouTube, Facebook Video, Google Classroom, SchoolTube, etc., and submit the URL to the Event Partner per the instructions on the event site.
A "Remote, Pre-Recorded" Skills-Only Event is a great option if your internet connection may not be fast enough to support live video feed or your teams are not able to meet during Live Remote Skills-Only events.
Teams can register for these events at RobotEvents.com.
- VEX IQ Challenge, Rise Above, 2020- 2021 Season Game Manual (Skills-Only Event: Remote, Live Game Rules (Game Rules, pages 30-31)
- VEX Robotics Competition, Change Up, 2020-2021 season, Appendix B - Skills Challenge (Skills-Only Event: Remote, Pre-Recorded, page ix)
Live Remote Tournaments
Live Remote Tournaments are the closest option to an in-person competition. These tournaments have alliances working together in real-time with a video connection. The real-time remote connection provided through RobotEvents.com allows alliances to simultaneously view each other's play at the different locations and work together to achieve the best score.
In addition to having a registered VEX robotics team, a full playing field, a set of game elements, a robot which has passed inspection (inspection is completed at the Event), and being registered for the Live Remote Tournament, there are also some equipment requirements. In order to participate in a Live Remote Tournament you will need a Windows or Macintosh computer with the Chrome browser and internet access. You will also need a USB webcam (720p or higher resolution) that can be set a minimum of 7ft (2.1m) high and 7ft (2.1m) back from the field.
Programs which have multiple teams will need to have a full competition field setup to accommodate any matches in which two or more of their team might be participating in the same match together. Programs with multiple VIQC teams will need 2 competition fields. Programs with multiple VRC teams will need one field per team up to a maximum of 4 fields. Even if the teams are at the same location, the Live Remote Tournament format needs to have each of these teams compete as if they were remote, which means teams may not share the same field during a match.
Teams can register for these events at RobotEvents.com. You can find these events by selecting Live Remote Tournaments in the Event Type box.
There is also a Live Remote practice option for teams. This can be accessed by registered teams at any time and it is recommended for teams to try prior to participating in an actual tournament.
Live Remote practice for VRC:
Live Remote practice for VIQC:
- VEX IQ Challenge, Rise Above, 2020- 2021 Season Game Manual (Live Remote Tournament Game Rules, pages 31-35)
- VEX Robotics Competition, Change Up, 2020-2021 season, Game Manual (Live Remote Tournament Game Rules, pages 42-46)
- VIQC Live Remote Practice Match Instructions
- VRC Live Remote Practice Match Instructions
- Low-Cost Field Perimeter VEX Robotics Competition Field
Skills Game Element setup
It is Important to note that the Skills Game Element setup is different from the Tournament Game Element setup for both the VEX IQ Challenge, Rise Above game and the VEX Robotics Competition, Change Up game.
VEX IQ Challenge Skills field setup (Figure 19, VEX IQ Challenge Rise Above - Game Manual).
VEX Robotics Competition Skills field setup (Figure 1, Appendix B Robot Skills Challenge)
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the REC Foundation developed an alternative approved judging model called Remote Judging for both in-person events and remote events.
Remote Event Judging can be used in circumstances where an REC Foundation sanctioned event is under restrictions due to COVID-19 that precludes standard event judging. These events may use pre-submission of a Digital Engineering Notebook and a remote team interview before or during the event.
- Judge Guide Addendum
- Engineering Notebook Rubric and Team Interview Rubric - must be used for remote judging.
The Event Page will specify the type of judging
Some overall recommendations to teams for all event types:
- Carefully read the information on the Event Page to learn more about the event logistics since each event may have different implementation methods.
- The event title provides clarification on the event type.
No matter which option you choose to compete with your robot this season, please be sure to observe all local/state Health Regulations and look at Support for VEX Teachers During the COVID-19 Outbreak, as well as the COVID Resources page from the VEX Robotics Knowledge Base.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Churches and chapels
Over the centuries, the Bretons built many churches and chapels whose architectural variety attests to the longstanding influence of the Catholic Church. Prior to the 16th century, Breton churches were often rectangular or T-shaped, with somewhat stark interiors. Rather than stone vaulting, such buildings tended to feature a panelled timber vault that was sometimes carved. Over time, Brittany's religious architecture gradually adopted the Latin cross shape with its transepts and aisles. The region also features a small number of vestigial Romanesque churches.


text:
"Mouchan" Mouchan by mke1963
Mouchan Travel Guide: 2 reviews and 4 photos
The small village of Mouchan is unusual in this part of the world for being down in the valley by a river - the Osse. Most villages are old and are therefore built up on the ridges and hilltops. Fourcès is another exception, but probably also, like Mouchan, a more recent village. "Recent" here means that it was built after the Dark Ages around the 10th Century. Building on higher ground was not just a defensive decision; the rivers were prone to flood badly and regularly. The Osse and the Gélise remain particularly prone to flooding, and Mouchan is still at risk. Those keen to paddle in the warm rivers of the Osse should be aware that upstream reservoirs can occasionally discharge water and the water level can rise quickly. As the rivers here do not rise in the Pyrenees, there are no hydro-electric schemes upstream, so these rivers in northern Gers are not at risk of significant discharges, it would be wise to be careful with small children.
Mouchan is best known for its Romanesque church, which is the earliest known church with Gothic features, so is well-known in the architectural world.
However, Mouchan is more than just one church. It has the traces of an ancient water-mill, the remains of the old fosse, and other interesting little vignettes of rural French architecture. It's also a pleasant village and starting pointing for great walks up and down the Osse valley and into the vineyards on the ridges around Cassaigne to the south.
The origins of the name are unknown, although there are local theories that it is derived from the Latin personal name Muscius. Given its location in the valley, this seems unlikely although Mouchan is on a Roman road. The remains of a Roman villa have been found nearby, but then what self-respecting Tenareze village doesn't have its crop of substantial Roman remains? In particular the area around Gelleneuve (south of Mouchan, alongside the Osse) has provided rich Roman relics. Others have suggested that the name started as Muysano ("more clean"), then Meysano, Moissan and finally Mouchan. However, earlier it was known as Valaque (and note that the hamlet nearby is still called Balagué.
In the 10th Century, the Benedictine order built a priory which, from 1264 onwards came under the protection of the church of Saint-Orens in Auch. This parish was the very furthest northern limit of the land of the archbishop of Auch. As often happened, the village first started from a clustering of houses and farms around the church, which was dedicated to Saint-Austrégésile (as is the church in the village of Vopillon across and down the valley a little). This saint, who died in 624, is a Gascon favourite, having already become the patron saint of Auch and Nogaro. Staint-Austrégésile was before his canonisation, the bishop of Bourges. In 1062, his relics were brought to Nogaro for the consecration of the basilica.
The development of the Chemin de Saint-Jacques de Compostelle led to Mouchan's priory becoming a deanery in 1080, with its adoption by the Order of Cluny, and the number of monks grew steadily. Over time, a pallisade and probably later stone walls were erected with a fosse to protect the settlement.
The fighting in the Hundred Years Wars made the area unsafe. In 1368, the Prince of Wales destroyed the church, and even afterwards, for many centuries, this was still really a frontier area subject to marauding groups. By the 16th Century, the population might have expected more stability, but in 1589 Montgomery's Protestant troops badly damaged the little church and destroyed the priory. Two generations later, the Black Death killed most of the population. The vilage cemetary wasn't big enough for all the bodies, and many had to buried at la Bourdette, well away from the village to the west. In 1708, the Comte de Mouchan died in the Battle of Tortosa in eastern Spain while fighting for the Duc d'Anjou, grand-son of Louis XIV. He was not Mouchan's first noble son though; Cardinal Jean III de Bilhelm Lagraulas, Archbishop of Lombez was an ambassador for Louis XI and Charles VI.
Little changed over the centuries until mayor Joseph-Bernard Faget started building in the 19th Century: a school, a cemetery, the mairie, and, intriguingly, the long avenue lined by lime trees between the church and the mairie. However, this last village enhancement caused a furore as it would cut right through the curate's garden. After some wonderful protests, typical of French local politics, the curate stormed out of the village, never to return.
The end of the 19th Century and early 20th Century brought the same sadnesses and tragedies to Mouchan as to almost every other rural community in southern France: devastation of the vines by disease, two World Wars, the amalgamation and mechanisation of farms leading to job losses, and then the inevitable outward migration. It took Spanish, Italian and latterly northern French and Belgian immigration to stem the flow. Before the First World War, there were a number of shops and a Post Office: now there are none. The effect continues today: in 1988, there were 33 farms, now only 16; then there were 454 head of cattle, now (2000) just 75.
Condom is just 8km to the east, and Larressingle 3km north. To the east is Gondrin, which can be reached across the valley on foot.
Don't miss the hamlet of Vopillon which is across the valley to the north-west.
- Pros:Tranquility; the church; the river
- Cons:No shops or places to have a drink
- In a nutshell:Mouchan is peaceful, but so are most of the villages in this tranquil part of the world.
This fabulous church is one of the wonders of Gascony. Built in the 11th Century, with stone from quarry at Ramounet... more travel advice
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text:
cold shower therapy, you have likely noticed improvements in general vitality, resilience, and well-being. (Check out this podcast and this article for more about cold therapy from Ben.) But did you know that applying ice/cooling the testes can help to trigger greater testosterone production and almost double your sperm count? Well, as crazy as the practice sounds, icing the testes has now become an internet hit, as there are literally thousands of men around the globe who are seeing 'big' (ha) benefits from icing their testes.
So why does icing the testes actually work? The bag of skin that holds and helps to protect the testicles hangs outside the body. Remember that the testicles make sperm. To do this, the temperature of the testicles needs to be cooler than the inside of the body. This is why the scrotum is located outside of the body. The testes are highly sensitive to heat, and even a marginal 2 degrees of elevated temperature in this region can arrest spermatogenesis.
When you apply an ice pack to the underwear where the testes hang—not directly to the skin, please, we don't want to burn the skin!—this causes a major vasoconstrictive (constriction of the blood vessels) effect which then leads to a rebound vasodilatory response, rushing blood flow, oxygen, and nutrients to the Leydig cells of the testes, enhancing their ATP production and subsequent testosterone output.
What are the purported benefits of icing your testes?
- Increased drive
- Increased nocturnal penile tumescence ("morning wood")
- Deeper voice
- More energy
- Increased testicular hang size
Here's how to ice your testicles, in three simple steps:
- Apply the ice pack to underwear where testicles hang (remember, not directly on the skin!).
- Leave the ice pack for 10-15 minutes.
- Repeat 2-3 times daily.
The most ideal time to ice is before the gym and before bed. This is because testosterone secretion peaks during these times.
You can also easily (who knew?) get a pair of testosterone-enhancing, testicle-icing underwear (with insertions for gel ice packs), which make it more convenient to ice.
Check out this video for more information about icing the testicles, and in case you're interested, also cover the practice in my course 30 Days To Higher Testosterone Masterclass (use code BENG10 for 10% off).
2. Choose Testosterone-Boosting Supplements Carefully
There are many supplements out there designed to increase testosterone levels. Unfortunately, many of them contain high doses of zinc and D-Aspartic acid.
If you are deficient in zinc, supplementing will indeed boost testosterone levels, but not if your zinc is already sufficient, and in that case, more can in fact be harmful. A low dose of zinc—15 mg per day—is adequate for most men. After 120 days, rodents on diets containing twice the RDA of zinc develop metabolic syndrome. Therefore, it is paramount that you get your zinc levels checked before blindly taking a zinc supplement in the hopes that it will magically boost your testosterone even higher.
Now I want to delve into why D-Aspartic acid is not a good idea. D-Aspartic Acid (DAA) is a naturally occurring non-essential amino acid. It is found in the protein components of foods and good dietary sources include casein, soy, and corn. It can also be made in the body from L-aspartate.
DAA saturates in neuroendocrine tissue such as the pituitary gland, pineal gland, and gonads (testes) where it works as an excitatory stimulatory compound to trigger the release of hormones. As the levels of DAA build up in these tissues, the production and release of hormones increases, and particularly LH. LH is released from the pituitary gland and it signals the release of testosterone from the testes. Once the testosterone has been released in excess, your body works to maintain homeostasis by balancing the hormonal ratios.
Negative feedback mechanisms in the pituitary gland switch off further testosterone release to drop testosterone levels and your body starts converting testosterone to estrogen via the enzyme aromata (also called estrogen synthetase or estrogen synthase). DAA supports this by increasing the aromatization of testosterone to estrogen, and testosterone levels drop while estrogen increases to normalize the ratios and maintain equilibrium. This is what makes DAA usage unpredictable. There is adequate DAA in the diet to fuel the neuroendocrine system, especially if the diet is protein-adequate. Supplementing with high doses of DAA to saturate the neuroendocrine system and trigger excessive release of hormones will create a temporary spike followed by increased negative feedback and increased conversion to estrogen to maintain hormonal balance.
Another ingredient to watch out for is mucuna pruriens. This particular herb is often added to testosterone boosters since it contains L-dopa, an immediate precursor to dopamine. Dopamine and testosterone do tend to work hand in hand; the higher your dopamine, the higher your testosterone levels. However, when these supplements use mucuna pruriens that is standardized to >15% L-dopa content, you're playing with fire. Why? Because L-dopa, being an immediate precursor to dopamine, can override the brain's dopamine synthesis pathway, and leave you with less dopamine when supplementation stops. This can result in downregulation and a long recovery time to restore dopamine synthesis unless combined with a powerful dopaminergic restorative nootropic called Bromantane. Dopamine is significantly enhanced by Bromantane. It does this through a non-depleting manner, via enhancing the actual enzyme (tyrosine hydroxylase), which converts tyrosine into L-dopa, and subsequently dopamine. It strengthens motivation, mood, and focus, via improving overall dopamine output from the amino acid L-tyrosine found in the food we eat.
One core supplement/herb that has been shown to reliably and dramatically enhance testosterone levels is a ginseng herb called cistanche.
Cistanche targets various aspects of performance enhancement, ranging from cognition to hormones and even longevity. As a powerful tonic, this herb outperforms any other ginseng in terms of its benefits for male performance, for example:
- Cistanche extract shortened the erectile latency and prolonged the erectile duration to minimize the negative effects of castration. Basically, this means that cistanche can prolong human erection time and reduce the time taken to achieve a "full" erection.
- Cistanche increases sperm count (2.3- and 2.7-fold) and sperm motility (1.3- and 1.4-fold) and decreased the abnormal sperm (0.76- and 0.6-fold). The serum level of progesterone and testosterone in rats was also increased.
- Cistanche reverses BPA-induced abnormality in sperm characteristics, testicular structure, and normalized serum testosterone enhanced the testosterone biosynthesis. Remember that BPA is found in plastic bottles. If you've ever drunk from a plastic bottle before, your body is likely swimming in plastic!
Click this link to watch a video about how cistanche works.
A key molecule found within cistanche is called echinacoside. Echinacoside is demonstrated to possess many pharmacological activities, such as anti-aging, neuroprotection, enhancement of learning and memory, improvement of cardiac function, reduction of hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, and prevention of obesity-induced diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Other ways in which echinacoside benefits you are:
- Echinacoside increases sperm quantity by targeting the hypothalamic androgen receptor. This essentially means that compounds found within the cistanche herb can interact with a region of the brain that can govern total Testosterone levels.
- Echinacoside increases leutenizing hormones levels significantly by 1.1-fold in serum, 1.4-fold in encephalon + pituitary, and 1.2-fold in testes. Remember, luteinizing hormone is the precursor to making testosterone!
- Echinacoside significantly increases mRNA (Genetic) levels of CYP11A1, CYP17A1, HSD3β1/2, and HSD17β, and particularly HSD3β1/2, which are key enzymes responsible for active hormonal conversions.
Ben has covered the importance of testing levels of significant biomarkers in order to establish a starting point for supplementation or other biohacking practices that are intended to alter levels of hormones. When considering taking supplements for increasing testosterone, you should test for zinc levels first to avoid overdoing zinc which could in fact lead to a decrease in testosterone. Supplementing with cistanche is a safe, effective way to support your testosterone levels naturally.
3. Avoid Environmental Testosterone Threats
There are many aspects of your environment that can dramatically affect your testosterone levels.
Below is a summary of these offending factors:
- Radio frequency electromagnetic waves: Clinical studies show that RF-EMFs emitted from Wi-Fi connectivity devices damage sperm and play an important role in decreasing sperm production and motility. RF-EMWs lead to increasing sperm DNA damage.
- Tobacco smoking: A tobacco smoking habit damages the morphology of sperm. But the good news is that harm done by tobacco smoking can be reversed, once a person quits smoking.
- Teas: Since tea is often considered "healthy," it may be surprising to learn that it can have negative effects on testosterone levels. Mint tea, green tea, lemon balm, gotu kola tea, and licorice tea all have some degree of anti-testosterone or anti-fertility effects, and if you're looking to

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


TY - JOUR A2 - Xue, Xingsi AU - Du, Hui AU - Zhang, Manjie AU - Wang, Zhihe AU - Zhai, Qiaofeng AU - Cao, Xuyan PY - 2022 DA - 2022/08/25 TI - Label Propagation Clustering Algorithm Based on Adaptive Angle SP - _PHONE_ VL - 2022 AB - The direction-based label propagation clustering (DBC) algorithm needs to set the number of neighbors (k) and the angle value (degree), which are highly sensitive. Moreover, DBC algorithm is not suitable for datasets with uneven neighbor density distribution. To overcome above problems, we propose an improved DBC algorithm based on adaptive angle and label redistribution (ALR-DBC). The ALR-DBC algorithm no longer input parameter degree, but dynamically adjusts the deviation angle through the concept of high-low density region to determine the receiving range. This flexible receiving range is no longer affected by the uneven distribution of neighbor density. Finally, those points that do not meet the expectations of the main direction are redistributed. Experiments show that the ALR-DBC algorithm performs better than DBC algorithm in most artificial datasets and real datasets. It is also superior to the classical algorithms listed. It also has good experimental results when applied to wireless sensor data annotation. SN - _PHONE_ UR - _URL_ DO - 10.1155/2022/_PHONE_ JF - Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing PB - Hindawi KW - ER -


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Feral hogs have become one of the most destructive pests Texas farmers face, causing as much as $52 million in damage to crops, landscapes, ecosystems and property annually.
But landowners and landscape managers now have a new tool to battle these devastating pests.
A new app, Feral Hog Management, developed by the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, could help landowners learn the legal strategies available to impede this apparently unending flow of unwanted porcine invaders.
"Feral hogs are fast becoming the number one single most destructive invasive species threatening agriculture and wildlife in the U.S.," said Mark Tyson, AgriLife Extension wildlife and fisheries associate at College Station. "They contribute to poor water quality issues, disturb native ecosystems, and wreak havoc on landscapes and gardens. Their growing numbers are now making them a menace on our roadways, with collision damage often exceeding several thousands of dollars per incident.
If you are enjoying reading this article, please check out Southwest Farm Press Daily and receive the latest news right to your inbox.
"Even as they become 'public enemy No. 1,' their population relentlessly continues to explode. In Texas alone, their numbers are now estimated at a conservative 2.6 million head, with $52 million in damages chalked-up to them annually. And, with an estimated 134 million acres of suitable habitat in Texas for feral hogs, their skyrocketing numbers are ripe for some major expansion."
For 99 cents, Tyson said the AgriLife Extension app, available at _URL_ provides landowners with the key to a wealth of the very best information now available on various control measures.


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Bones are quite important for the body, as they perform various functions including support and shape formation of the body as well allow us to move. Bones protect vital body parts - such as skull protects the brain, breastbone (sternum) protects the heart and lungs, spinal column or vertebrae helps you stand upright and protecting the spinal cord, and causes of blood formation. Spinal cord, heart, lungs, brain, etc. are the most critical organs, and severe injury can lead to severe impacts. In case you suffer from a bone fracture or any type of bone-related issues, you need proper treatment. Essential oils for broken bones are right for you as these oils help bones to heal faster.
However, Natural essential oils do not heal a fractured bone themselves but can be used as a secondary or complementary therapy to treat bone injury. As essential oils for fractured bones can speed up the healing process by improving circulation, reducing pain, swelling, and reducing inflammation. Broken bones or fractures are caused by accident, injury, or any sort of -extreme force than endurance. Essential oils have many properties such as antibiotic, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and more, which speed up the bone healing process. Let's know more about the essential oils for broken bones.
How Do Essential Oils Work For Fractured Bones
Essential oil is not itself sufficient for repairing fractured bones but can activate or stimulate the process that may speed up the healing process. Let's find out a few points about the essential oils for bone healing-
- Essential oils increasing blood flow and lymph flow at an affected area that helps in nutrient supply and take away the unwanted material or residue.
- Help in tissue repair, reducing swelling, inflammation, and pain
- Can warm up the affected/injured area, as heat is good for faster healing process.
Best Essential Oils For Bone Healing
Lavender possesses many finest properties such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticonvulsant, antispasmodic, etc. that make it one of the most powerful essential oils for broken bones. The lavender essential oil can do the following tasks:-
- Can improve mood, providing relaxation, and increase sleep quality.
- Reduce pain, inflammation, etc.
- Increase blood circulation
- Can relax nervous tension, stress, and pain.
- Stimulate bone healing process.
Apart from these benefits, Lavender essential oil is best known for headaches, nausea, migraine, depression, anxiety, insomnia, hair, skin treatments, etc. Due to all these bone healing properties of lavender essential oil is known as the best essential oils for bone healing.
Peppermint contains many properties that keep it on top of the list of best natural essential oils for bone healing. These properties include anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, and analgesic play a vital role in the treatment of broken bones. Presence of menthol can improve blood circulation level, which further stimulates the nerves and leads to faster healing of the injury.
Peppermint helps to minimize the inflammation effect, pain, and restlessness. It helps in fluid retention and prompts a full range of motion after bone recovery. You can mix peppermint oil with a carrier oil such as coconut, and massage over the affected area. All of the above properties and healing power of peppermint oil make it a perfect remedy for your bone-related problems.
Cypress oil is one of the finest essential oils for fractured bones, as it has an antispasmodic property that helps in improving blood circulation. Also, the oil exhibit relaxation property that reduces stress, fatigue, and anxiety. Circulation plays a vital role in increasing the healing of bones - as it supports oxygen delivery and nutrient supply to cells or injury location.
Not only this, it works better by toxins and wastes away from the cells. Therefore cypress essential oil is good to support bone repair.
Clove oil is known as an ideal pain-killer having analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic properties. In a study, it was found that clove oil is the best for pain-relieving and provided numbing relief from pain, and also antioxidant property helps in body cells protection. In an overall discussion, - Clove can be taken as the best essential oils for bone healing.
If any essential oil possesses the nerve repair property, then it's considered as one of the excellent essential oils for fractured bones. Basil oil meet this property and supports bones healing, repairing of damaged nerves, improved circulation, reduce inflammation, and more.
In research, it was found that basil oil is very advantageous in reducing nerve damage and receptivity. Also, the inclusion of antispasmodic, analgesic, antidepressant, and balancing properties make it helpful in nerve relaxation, stimulation and repair. Moreover, the painkilling effect of basil keeps it under the list of the most popular essential oils for broken bones. In addition, basil contains different types of therapeutic compounds, such as 1,8 cineole, linalool, etc. that produce an anti-inflammatory effect. It's also good to prevent cartilage damage. As this is naturally extracted products, therefore, fewer chances of side-effects. But before using the product, you must consult with a doctor or medical practitioner.
Frankincense helps to eliminate the inflammation and enhance the transmission as well as communication between the brain and nerves. Because of its anti-inflammatory property,
Frankincense Essential Oil is known as the best essential oils for bone healing. From nerve inflammation to protection of tissue around the nerves, it works better as compared to other oils. Malfunctioning or improper messaging to brian's limbic system may cause pain in nerves, so by improving the accuracy of signals, it helps in reducing nerve pain. As the bones have a large number of collagen fibers, frankincense helps in boosting the production of collagen.
In a list of top essential oils for fractured bones, frankincense essential oil is considered as the best. In the context of bone healing, we find positive results it speed up the healing process, reduce the risk of infection. For better treatment, you can apply 2-3 drops of frankincense essential oil to the impacted area, in a three times a day.
Note:- All content is informative only, if you wish to try any of the essential oils for fractured bones, we advise you that before using the same please consult with a doctor or medical practitioner.
As per The Health Site: In case you are looking for some complementary treatment for bone fracture, some of the essential oils are just great to opt for.
For more information on essential oils visit our website - we are leading manufacturers of essential oils in india.


Why not add this page to your internet bookmarks so you can find it easily next time you need to convert your ingredients from grams to cups. I treated a cup of flour as 124 grams for one loaf and 144 grams for the other. how many cups is 250 grams of white spelt flour, 250 g (gram) of white spelt flour Equals = 2.5 cups of white spelt flour. ›› Quick conversion chart of cup to grams. I kept everything else exactly the same. Please note that I do not pack my brown sugar into the cup measurer. From my research, I have found that the United States is one of three nations (Liberia and Burma being the others) that have not adopted the metric system as their official weights and measures system. 1/8 cup=30 grams 1/4 cup=55 grams … All-purpose Flour and Confectioners' Sugar (Icing or powdered Sugar) Cups to Grams. Making a conversion of rice flour from ounce and pound to cups amounts. Wenn euch die grobe Umrechnung von Cups zu Gramm nicht reicht: Auf dieser Seite findet ihr eine genaue Auflistung, wieviel so-und-soviel cups einer Zutat in Gramm ergeben (Buchstaben A bis J, K bis P, Q bis Z).Das ist hilfreich, wenn ihr öfter amerikanische Backund Kochrezepte übersetzen wollt oder müsst! Die Amerikaner (und auch die Engländer) backen nicht wie wir mit Waage und Grammangaben. How Many Cups is 125 Grams? Convert oven temperatures. Volume ⇀ Weight Weight ⇀ Volume. Note that rounding errors may occur, so always check the results. from grams measure > to cups butter volume to read your results. Das große Problem hier: die Mengenangaben. 1 cup to grams = 236.58824 grams ⭐ US Cups abmessen.. Fraction : 2 3/4 rice flour – in US cup size measure. The flour in cups is equal to the grams divided by 125. Rice flour amount from 15.5 ounces ( oz ), Equals: 2.75 cups of rice flour. A half a cup of butter is equal to 113.5 grams. Type in your own numbers in the form to convert the units! For example, the weight of 1 cup of all-purpose flour varies from about 100 grams if sifted to 150 grams if scooped. Volume methods for measuring amount of flour produce various results. A block of butter of dimensions Width 75mm x Depth 50mm x Height 35mm weighs exactly 125 grams. 1/2 cup cake flour weighs 58 grams; 1/3 cup cake flour weighs 38 grams; 1/4 cup cake flour weighs 29 grams; NOTE: The above conversions also apply to chestnut flour and chopped nuts; Sugars Baking conversions for granulated sugar & brown sugar (not packed) from cups to grams. Use our calculator to find the equivalent in grams of 1 US cup of white whole wheat flour or any of many other ingredients. So einfach geht's. Use this page to learn how to convert between cups and grams. 125 grams equals 0.53 cups of water or there are 0.53 cups in 125 grams. 1/2 cup of butter = 113 g. Dry Goods. For sugar, 1 cup is equal to around 200g. Breadcrumbs 115 grams. Ingredient:? → pint; fl. Jetzt nicht mehr! or T. → tablespoon ; tsp. Use this page to learn how to convert between cups and grams. Use our calculator to find the equivalent in grams of 1 US cup of almond flour or any of many other ingredients. Note To Measuring 1 2/3 cups flour in grams. Inputs? Other cooking materials have different gram measurements when they are measured into one cup. The conversion factors are approximate once it is intended for recipes measurements. In many cases you can substitute almond flour/almond meal interchangeably but because of their slight differences in weight the recipe may be affected. 1/2 US cup of coconut flour equals 61.5 grams (*) Volume to 'Weight' Converter. For example, here's how to convert 500 grams to cups using the formula above. If you push it harder into the cup for instance, consequently the weight gets much higher, easy as that. This weight to volume converter for recipes will show you the quantity of grams contained in 1/2 US cup of cake flour, as well as, in many other cooking ingredients and other weight units. And that's 5.66 or 5 2/3 cups per 1.5 pound or 680 grams of flour, 2.2 pounds into 1 kilogram (1000 grams) or 22pounds to 10Kg for larger batch of dough. You can view more details on each measurement unit: cups or grams The SI derived unit for volume is the cubic meter. Everything else was the same. → fluid ounce; tbsp. So the number of grams in a cup varies based upon the ingredient. Our cups to grams converter lets you easily convert American recipes into UK recipes to make at home. 1 us cup of buckwheat flour in ounces equals to = 4.23 oz of buckwheat flour or in fraction 4 23/100 oz or ~4 1/5 oz, 4 47/100. For example, for flour, 1 cup is equal to around 125g. The loaf on the left used the higher measurement and the loaf on the right used the lower measurement. Hier findet ihr eine Übersicht aller wichtigen Lebensmittel mit Cup und Gramm Angaben. We assume you are converting between cup [US] and gram [water]. calories in 1/2 cup white spelt flour = 181.62 Cal ( 182 calories ). 1 1 / 2 US cups = 240 grams: 1 2 / 3 US cups = 267 grams: 1 3 / 4 US cups = 280 grams: 2 1 / 16 US cups = 330 grams: 2 1 / 8 US cups = 340 grams: 2 1 / 4 US cups = 360 grams: 2 1 / 3 US cups = 373 grams : References: Baking Conversion Table; Density Database Version 2.0 - FAO; Sample Recipes Volume to Weight Conversions. Block of butter with sizes of 75mm x 50mm x 35mm. As the loaves were going through their second rise, I already had my answer. Umrechnungstabelle von Cup in Milliliter und Gramm  So viel Flüssigkeit sind 3, 2 Cups sowie 1, 3/4, 1/2 oder 1/4 Cup in ml. 1/8 cup=15 grams 1/4 cup=30 grams 1/3 cup=40 grams 3/8 cup=45 grams 1/2 cup=60 grams 5/8 cup=70 grams 2/3 cup=75 grams 3/4 cup=85 grams 7/8 cup=100 grams 1 cup=110 grams. Cassava is often called also tapioca (unground organic product is called tapioca pearl), aipim, boba, macaxeira, mandioca, manioc, … 500 g = (500 ÷ 125) = 4 c or t. → teaspoon; Capacity Metric Unit Conversion. 1 2/3 cups flour in grams is exactly 208 grams. Granulierter, Superfeine oder Feinster Zucker) Granulated, Superfine or Caster Sugar Cups to Grams. 1 us cup of buckwheat flour in grams equals to = 120g of buckwheat flour. Cups to grams. 4.) Wow! Please note that measuring 1 2/3 cups flour in grams can vary slightly by room temperature, quality of flour etc. A cup of all-purpose flour weighs 4 1/4 ounces or 120 grams. oz. This is well known in culinary arts practice. 115 grams. 1 cubic meter is equal to 4226._PHONE_ cup, or _PHONE_ grams. Cassava flour grams in a measuring cup amount (US measuring cup and Metric si cup) US cup = 122 grams = 4.3 ounces net weight Metric cup = 129 grams = 4.6 oz net wt. Raisins 115 grams Sultanas 115 grams. Notes: the results in this calculator are rounded (by default) to 3 significant figures. This chart is a quick reference for volume, ounces, and grams equivalencies for common ingredients. We assume you are converting between cup [US] and gram [water]. How many grams in a cup of my product? Note that rounding errors may occur, so always check the results. Convert all purpose flour (apf) measuring units from US cups ( us cup ) into grams ( g ), volume vs weights measures, including dietary information and nutritional values instantly. Sondern mit Cups - kleinen Messbechern, die sie quasi für alles benutzen. Granulated sugar: 1 cup = 200 grams Brown sugar: 1 cup, packed = 220 grams Sifted white flour: 1 cup = 125 grams White rice, uncooked: 1 cup = 185 grams White rice, cooked:


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- The Symbols
- Peh, mouth; Yr or Irr, to err; Mars.
- The Image
- The Tower symbolizes an arrogant technology that constantly desires more and bigger monuments to its conquest of nature. Inside of it is darkness and fire. It is a modern image of the Tower of Babel. The sunrise and blue sky suggest hope.
The Haindl Tarot weaves a tapestry of haunting beauty from the traditions of Native America, the Holy Grail, the I Ching, Kabbalah and the Norse Runes, and is the deck of choice for mystics and those seeking enlightenment. If you would like your own copy of the Haindl Tarot, you can buy it now!


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NOTICE TO CUSTOMERS: Every year, the Boise Project Board of Control regulates the timing and duration of the irrigation season. The City of Boise will provide water to customers as long as it is available and delivered to the City's pressure irrigation system. Irrigation water is expected to be turned off early this year. For questions about water availability and the irrigation season, please contact the Boise Project Board of Control at _PHONE_.
In Boise, irrigation water is diverted from the Boise River and distributed by large irrigation canals and smaller irrigation laterals to local neighborhoods throughout the city. Subdivisions built in the last 10 years are eligible to hook up to the pressure irrigation system. The Boise Public Works Department has design standards for constructing pressure irrigation systems in new subdivisions.
Pressure irrigation water is not water from the drinking water system (operated by Suez Water or the Capitol Water Company). If your neighborhood has pressure irrigation, it has a second water system for irrigation which is completely separate from the drinking water system. Property owners connect to the pressure irrigation system and use it to irrigate their property.


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Filia Gi (Filias Land)
The Agrafa Mountains, next to the ancient river Kouralios (today named Sofaditis), extend down to the Thessalian flatland. Along the riverside at the temple of Athena Itonia, pilgrims, travelers, and merchants used to rest at Filia Village near a vast amount of vineyards that gave them the luxury to indulge themselves with the wines of the Thessalonian land.
In the following centuries the cultivation of these vineyards was remarkably increased. With respect to the local tradition (it's not by mistake that the brand depicts a heron, the bird of the rivers), the winery Filia Land, since the first day of its establishment, has made it its number one priority to provide Greek and Thessalonian varieties to those who possess the ability to appreciate fine wine.
The winery is surrounded by eighty acres of vineyard. Visitors will have the chance to take a guided tour at the vineyard and discover the different varieties. They will realize the true meaning behind the phrase, "The good wine is made in the vineyard."


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Authorities concerned have been urged to enforce laws and redefine standards for steel products to ensure the longevity of high-rise buildings and road infrastructures.
The call emerged from a seminar in Dhaka today (Saturday), amid apprehension of increased vulnerabilities of buildings, flyovers, bridges and other development infrastructures.
Experts of Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) ringing alarm bell apprehended that there would be unwanted natural effects on bridges or buildings, if steels do not satisfy the minimum standard of quality.
Bangladesh Auto Re-Rolling and Steel Mills Association (BARSMA) in support of Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering of BUET organised the seminar titled "Quality Steel and Its Importance in Civil Engineering Applications" at the National Press Club.
Industries Minister Dilip Barua and Bangladesh Standards and Testing Institution (BSTI) Director General (DG) AK Fazlul Ahad also spoke at the meeting, with BARSMA president SK Masadul Alam Masud in the chair.
Prof Dr AA M Rezaul Haque and Prof Dr M Aminul Islam of Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, BUET presented two papers titled "Facilities for Good Quality Steel Production in Bangladesh" and "Essential Qualities for Steels in Structural Applications".
"Steel producers must concentrate on producing high-strength steel bars/wires," Prof Islam said.
He said materials engineers must be involved to develop high performance construction materials considering socioeconomic situation and at the same time, design engineers must assist local construction companies for making safe and light-weight buildings with high strength steels and concretes.
The experts also warned of producing steels directly from scrap iron, without proper melting to maintain the required quality.
Industries Minister Dilip Barua said the government does not want to compromise with quality in any development work. "Unfortunately, some regulatory agencies are compromising with quality resulting in lower longevity of development structures."
He asked steel producers to obtain licenses from the BSTI so the standards of steels could be monitored.
The entrepreneurs urged the government to make licensing process easier and reduce license fees.


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Development of a novel robust measure for interhemispheric synchrony in the neonatal EEG: Activation Synchrony Index (ASI)
Development of a novel robust measure for interhemispheric synchrony in the neonatal EEG: Activation Synchrony Index (ASI)
Authors:
Okko Räsänen O., Metsäranta M. & Vanhatalo S.
Year:
2012
Journal:
NeuroImage
Abstract:

The degree of interhemispheric synchrony in the neonatal EEG assessment refers to the co-occurrence of activity bouts during quiet sleep or burst suppression, and it has been widely considered as a key component in assessing background activity. However, no objective measures have been published for measuring it, and all conventionally used visual criteria suffer from significant ambiguities. Our present study aimed to develop such a quantitative measure of (a)synchrony, called activation synchrony index (ASI). We developed the ASI paradigm based on the testing of statistical independence between two quantized amplitude envelopes of wideband-filtered signals where higher frequencies had been pre-emphasized. The core parameter settings of ASI paradigm were defined using a smaller EEG dataset, and the final ASI paradigm was tested using a visually classified dataset of EEG records from 33 fullterm and 25 preterm babies, which showed varying grades of asynchrony.
Our findings show that ASI could distinguish all EEG recordings with normal synchrony from those with modest or severe asynchrony at individual level, and there was a highly significant correlation (p < 0.001) between ASI and the visually assessed grade of asynchrony. In addition, we showed that i) ASI is stable in recordings over several hours in duration, such as the typical neonatal brain monitoring, that ii) ASI values are sensitive to sleep stage, and that iii) they correlate with age in the preterm babies. Comparison of ASI to other three potential paradigms demonstrated a significant competitive advantage. Finally, ASI was found to be remarkably resistant to common artefacts as tested by adding significant level of real EEG artefacts from noisy recordings.
An objective and reliable measure of (a)synchrony may open novel avenues for using ASI as a putative early functional biomarker in the neonatal brain, as well as for building proper automated classifiers of neonatal EEG background. Notably, the signature of synchrony of this kind, temporal coincidence of activity bouts, is a common feature in biological signals, suggesting that ASI may also hold promise as a useful paradigm for assessing temporal synchrony in other biosignals as well, such as muscle activities or movements.
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Underground Pumping Potential Cause for Nebraska Drought Issue
Underground Pumping Potential Cause for Nebraska Drought Issue
As Nebraskan farmers continue to sue the state over water usage and laws, evidence shows underground pumping as culprit for extensive drought damage.
As a necessity of life, water courses through the land and nurtures, cleans, and grows. However, as a finite source, water is in the center of many lawsuits. For the second year in a row, Nebraskan farmers sue the state and the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) for not regulating groundwater pumping properly. The farmers come from four counties that include Furnas, Harlan, Red Willow, and Hitchcock. According to the suit, the state and DNR focused policies primarily on surface water irrigation, ignoring the damage underground pumping was causing.
Domina Law Group's David Domina, who represents the farmers, agrees that the state needs to address the groundwater pumping. He states,
There is no question that Nebraska has failed to manage water in the basin acceptably. Anyone can see that the management has been to use emergency methods and impose the burden on surface water irrigators, while ignoring the consequences of groundwater pumping.
Nebraskan farmers seek compensation for the potential loss of crops and profits because of the reduced water in the Republican River Basin. The Republican River Compact of 1943 allots water to Nebraska, Colorado, and Kansas. However, Nebraskan farmers claim that because of unregulated groundwater pumping for irrigation, they could not use water that was rightfully theirs. They are asking the state to repay the damages and losses they suffered, though the plaintiffs do not question the state's authority to restrict water use.
In fact, many Nebraskans believe issues of water use and climate change need to be addressed. 61% of citizens agree that the state should come up with a plan to reduce the impact on climate change, while only 17% disagree. Some claim that the state and authority focus too much on short-term relief, when they should strive to protect water for long-term use. Attorney Domina believes the solution lies in politics and they will need to make solid policies to protect resources.


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A heron flies out across the icy sea loch, as the children tramp across the pebbled beach searching for flat stones for their artwork.
They have already spotted oystercatchers on the opposite shore of the loch and they know this is a favourite place for sighting seals.
There's nothing bleak about this midwinter in the Highlands; the sun's shining in a cloudless blue sky and - like the song says - it's just a perfect day.
The P7s from Park Primary and South Lodge Primary in Invergordon are having an afternoon on the edge of Loch Fleet Nature Reserve, at Embo, north of Dornoch.
After an early morning temperature of -4C, bright sunshine brings warmth to children well wrapped up with coats, scarves and wellingtons - some even venture into the shallow water to search for stones.
It's a good advert for outdoor learning - no one's moaning, no one's cold. They have the right clothes on and even including petrol for the minibus, it's a cheap-as-chips day out.
Their beach research is for the John Muir Award, and later they will record details of what they have seen in their Nature Detectives booklet. The book was designed by South Lodge Primary pupils from an idea originally developed in Orkney.
It's packed full of illustrated information to help children identify Highland wildlife and is now being used in 30 primary schools all over the Highlands.
"That big house you see in front of you is actually used by people who come to hunt deer," one of the teachers, Lawrence Bews, says, pointing to a hunting lodge across the water.
"No stone-throwing, please - you can pick them up and examine them, but no throwing," he warns, heading off a stone-skimming challenge.
The children investigate the remains of an old pier for the ferry that used to take people across this narrow stretch of water before the A9 was built. They speculate about the distance to the other side - someone says five miles - before agreeing on a few hundred metres.
They are all given beachcomber bags to collect stones from the shore line. They are the poo bags Mr Bews uses on his dog walks, but he jokes that he has washed them all personally by hand.
Sandy Shivas is a P7 pupil at Park Primary. "I've not been to this part of the beach before, but I have been to Embo Beach," he says, scouring the ground for the perfect stone for his artwork.
Eleven-year-old Kelsey MacLeod, from South Lodge Primary, has been hearing about oystercatchers from Highland biodiversity officer Janet Bromham, who helped to develop the Nature Detectives booklet. "I learned how an oystercatcher is recognised because it's black and white, it's got a big orange bill, orange legs and they make this weird noise when they're flying," says Kelsey.
Once the stones are bagged up, there's time for some quiet sketching. The children sit drawing, absorbed in their work - if it wasn't for the telltale patches of ice floating on the loch, it could be July.
Park Primary favours hands-on education as part of a programme of active, child-centred, experiential learning. It was an approach endorsed by the school's pupil council and embraces a range of activities, with new outdoor areas for learning and a sustainable garden as focal points.
Today's outing is part of a citizenship programme between the two primary schools to encourage their transition to Invergordon Academy, using nationally-accredited schemes.
"This group is doing the John Muir Award, another group is doing Sports Leader Award and there's also a youth development award (Dynamic Youth.) Over the course of the whole year, the children are working on these and ultimately, at the end, they have a nationally-recognised certificate," says Mr Bews, depute head at Park Primary.
Too soon, it's time to bundle everyone back into the minibus and head for home, flat stones wrapped in poo bags and drawings carefully stowed away.
Just minutes down the road, a hawk does a fly-past across the windscreen - another sighting in high definition. David Attenborough eat your heart out.
Climb every mountain
Park Primary's headteacher, Tania Mackie, is a qualified mountain leader and call-out officer for Dundonnell Mountain Rescue Team. She is also a former manager of the outdoor education department at a secondary school in Bedfordshire and, like her deputy, Lawrence Bews, has a passion for outdoor learning.
Not every family is inclined to explore the wild places on their doorstep, particularly in the middle of winter. But thanks to the school's programme of hands-on education, children get chances like this to roam beaches, mountains and forests as part of their learning.
"Children wanted more outdoors and more practical activity and they came up with the logo 'Hands On Education'," says Mrs Mackie.
The school is also the Highland pilot school for the "mini" Duke of Edinburgh - Junior Award Scheme Scotland, which will be complemented by a recently set-up rambling club. Teachers are adding to their skills with a targeted CPD programme, which includes forest-school education, first aid and gardening.
There are also plans for children to do cycling proficiency training and cycle maintenance, with an outdoor adventure programme in summer for their John Muir Award.
Their teachers, like Lawrence Bews, are evangelical about the benefits of outdoor learning. "When I think back to my childhood, the milestone moments that stand out in my life were things that happened out of doors. I think that is the key - it has such an underlying impact on people's perception and enjoyment and experience. Ultimately, in their life, it lays the foundation for a really worthwhile education and lifelong learning."
Highland Council rangers offer guidance to schools wishing to visit Loch Fleet National Nature Reserve. Interested teachers can contact Ian Paterson on 01549 402638.
There is also a self-guided trail leaflet with maps available in the car park at the two main entrances. The range of attractions includes a bird hide, pine woodland, wildlife and seals.
BEST SCHOOL TRIPS
Jim Johnston, headteacher, Farr High, Caithness
We have done an annual Outdoor Activities Week for more than 30 years, which includes a two-day walk over the mountains of the far north-west or along its precipitous coast.
It's raining as we leave the head of Loch Eribolfor at 10am with 28 pupils from S1-6, three school staff and our countryside ranger. Camping equipment is being ferried across Loch Dionard to our home for the night in the wilderness between Foinaven and Cranstackie.
For eight hours we explore the geomorphological, biological and cultural background of our route via StrathBeag and over the bealach to our destination on the sandy shore of our lonely loch. Then much cooking, singing, storytelling and game-playing later, everyone is secure in their tents under the 1,000-foot cliff of Creag Urbhard. In the night red deer snuffle through our campsite and an un-named waterfall provides incidental music.
We are up early in brilliant sunshine and the loch is a mirror for the surrounding crags, as we set off for the long trek between Meall Horn, Creag Thormaid and Arkle to meet our transport at Achfary. More scenery, more wildlife, more place-names to interpret.
We reach level ground at Lone in late afternoon - no blisters, midgies or injuries - and all shake hands.
The trip cost pound;30 per pupil for transport and incidentals, all staffed by volunteers, a trip to an island for a rest on day three and choice on days four and five from mountain biking, canoeing, gorge-walking, hill-walking and golf.
Peter Reid, headteacher, Broxburn Academy, West Lothian
We had a fantastic trip to London with 20 drama pupils from S4-6, organised by our drama teacher Lindsay Strachan with probationer Julie Wright.
We went down on the Monday and saw Buckingham Palace and Downing Street, then had dinner at the Hard Rock Cafe, followed by a visit to the musical Wicked.
The following morning we had arranged with our local MP, Graham Morrice (a former pupil), to visit the Houses of Parliament. We went into the Commons and the Lords chambers, and meeting rooms, and he explained the parliamentary process to the kids. Then we had lunch by the Thames, followed by a trip to the Globe Theatre. In the evening we went to see the Warhorse stage show. It was amazing.
On the Wednesday, some of the art pupils did a tour of the National Art Gallery, with our art teacher John Knox, while others went to Covent Garden for a bit of retail therapy. The thing for me is to cram in as much as possible.The visit was organised by Study Trips, a firm based in Brighton. The total cost for each pupil was pound;315 including the train from Broxburn, hotel with breakfast and two dinners, seats reserved for the shows. It also included a group pass for the under-ground. That was a great way to travel.


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In case of accident, to avoid a pollutant borrows rainwater networks, gutter cover is the essential product for emergency teams..
Also called obsturateur gutter, the gutter covers allows the stop of the pollution spreading in case of traffic accident or for maintenance work. It may be filled with water or sand.
- Overthrow of a tanker
- Rainwater networks protection against firefighting water
- Networks protection for maintenance work
- Ease and swiftness of implementation
- Reduced footprint


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Acknowledge and act on your stake in how the Anthropocene unfolds.
When it comes to the survival of humanity and the planet, we all have skin in the game; we and our loved ones are in the world that is under threat. We are not outside looking in. We are part of the global system and, there's a good chance that we are each, in our own way, part of the problem. This gives us a quite different stance than is typically expected. Evaluators are virtually always outside the programs or projects they evaluate. Acknowledging and facing the realities of the Anthropocene transforms the stance of evaluators from external observers of change to internal participants in change.
- A shift in evaluator stance from independence to interdependence.
- Making the evaluators' values explicit and transparent.
- Identifying your stake, whatever role you play – evaluator, designer, implementer, funder, commissioner of evaluations, intended user, policy maker – then sharing how you view your stake and the implications of that view for how you engage and fulfill your role. As utilization-focused evaluators, we always have a stake in whether and how an evaluation is used.
- Reality-test for yourself to be valuable as a reality-tester for others. So, how good are you at reality-testing for yourself? For example, to what extent are you practicing in your life the things you know you ought to be doing (exercise, eating right, getting enough sleep…)?


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Good advertising work isn't simply a matter of recreating an object in 3D. In the real world, photographers use the intensity and direction of light to reveal the properties of their subject matter: its texture, form, weight, colour, or even translucency. If we, as 3D artists, are to create photorealism in our renders, we must employ the same photographic principles.
In this tutorial, we'll be exploring the process of lighting and rendering product images for print. This will be done by deconstructing how the image on the right - an unbranded shampoo bottle - was created, and examining how the virtual set-up mirrors that of a real-world photo studio.
To avoid distracting edges in the background of a shot, studios often photograph their subjects against a curved backdrop. We'll be simulating this by creating and texturing a suitable piece of background geometry.
In order to get a realistic look, we'll be using area lights with raytraced shadows to produce physically accurate soft shadows, similar to real soft boxes. By using Aim constraints, we can ensure that the lights can be moved around the product, without having to worry about whether they're pointing in the right direction. This will also enable us to ensure that the reflections of the lights appear exactly where we want them.
We'll also create a piece of geometry similar to a photographer's reflector behind each light, to which we can assign any chosen texture map. This will give us a visible light source, which will offer more. exibility in setting up lights, and will help achieve optimal re. ections in the product itself.
You can find the scene file for the tutorial in the supporting files. By modifying it to suit your own needs, you should be able to create template set-ups suitable for lighting any product.


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Remember, search, and share your voice conversations
Otter is a smart note-taking app that empowers you to remember, search, and share your voice conversations.
Otter creates smart voice notes that combine audio, transcription, speaker identification, inline photos, and
key phrases. It helps business people, journalists, and students to be more focused, collaborative, and
efficient in meetings, interviews, lectures, and wherever important conversations happen.
Where conversations live
Record and review in real time. Search, play, edit, organize, and share your conversations from any device.
Magically turn voice into sharable, smart notes that sync audio, text, and images.


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Children Learning Together
From 10 faculty members, 40 students and three fields of study at the time of its founding, Secondary School has grown to more than 1,600 faculty, 35,000 students and over 350 degree programs in 130 academic departments and 80 interdisciplinary research units. One of the most important things we can do for students is not just teach them specific knowledge and skills, but help them match their interests to their career path.
School Research at a Glance
- 2,118 faculty members
- 21 Nobel laureates
- 4 Pulitzer Prize winners
The Research Enterprise
- 5,300 externally sponsored projects
- $1.33 billion total budget
- About 2,000 postdoctoral scholars
- 18 independent labs, centers and institutes
- 9.3 million physical volumes
- 4 million e-books and audiovisual materials
- 300,000 rare or special books and 59 million pages of unpublished materials
- In 2014–15, Stanford received more than $95 million from 695 licensed technologies.
- Breakthrough inventions licensed by Stanford span medicine, engineering and the sciences.
- School entrepreneurs have created an estimated 39,900 companies and 5.4 million jobs since the 1930s.


X12 Standards are the workhorse of business to business exchanges.
What is X12?
Established more than 40 years ago, X12 is a non-profit, ANSI-accredited, cross-industry standards development organization whose work is used by an overwhelming percentage of business-to-business transactions upholding America's electronic information exchange.
A female longshoreman in hardhat and safety vest manages loading of cargo containers.
X12 Standards
A continuously adapting language and expansive vocabulary that allows millions of transactions a day to seamlessly flow.
Consensus Icon
Developed and maintained through stakeholder consensus
Icon for the concept of interoperability
Complementary to other standards organizations' work
Icon for the concept of syntax-neutral
Produced in and compatible with many syntaxes
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Ready for the Future
Continuously adapting language and vocabulary
What does it mean to be an X12 member?
X12 members represent hundreds of businesses, non-profit associations and government organizations spanning supply chain, transportation, health care, insurance, finance and other industries.
eSolutions, Inc.
Edict Systems
Health Level Seven, Inc.
NextGen Healthcare, Inc.
Stanley Nachimson
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company
Gary Beatty
Dave Cheli
Illinois Medicaid (Healthcare and Family Services)
Cognosante, LLC
By Industry
X12 standards enable millions of transactions to seamlessly flow between businesses across many industries. See all industries.
A female worker in a warehouse uses a bar code scanner and tablet to track inventory.
Supply Chain
The complementary use of X12 Standards and GS1 Standards enable efficiencies - across the supply chain.
A man wearing a hard hat holds a tablet while standing beside a freight train in a rail yard.
The North American railroad industry relies on X12 transactions, exchanging millions of messages each day.
A young female soldier dressed in military clothing holds a backpack in front of a pallet of supplies.
X12 transactions have enabled the management and movement of goods for the DoD consistently for decades.
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For the Christians in some parts of the North, they may be having the forthcoming Christmas and New Year celebrations indoors, in view of the persistent security challenges facing in the region. The police have, however, banned the use of knock-outs during the celebrations to avoid breakdown of law and order during the Yuletide.
According to the Tribune, a source who preferred anonymity has revealed that Christian leaders in states, like Kano, Bauchi, Plateau, Yobe, Borno and others, had advised their fellow brothers and sisters to celebrate indoors, so as to prevent unscrupulous people from using the festive period to foment trouble.
It has also been hinted by the source that people, who had formed the habit of celebrating at drinking joints and relaxation centers, should be wary of the happenings in the region; he also urged them to be moderate while celebrating.
"Nobody can say what is going to happen precisely, but recent happenings and our past experiences have taught us that Islamic fundamentalists, otherwise known as Boko Haram, may attack Christians during the festive period… This is why we are urging our brothers and sisters not to allow the Christmas and New Year celebrations to carry them away. While celebrating, it is important they watch their backs, and be careful about what they do during the period," the source noted.


Music and Yoga are the rhythm and discipline of life, could say two universals come together on 21st June, a day that celebrates both yoga and music. Bhavan's Public School celebrated the day in their campuses with vivid activities. A much deserved and fullfledged celebration was kicked into gear with special assemblies to highlight the wholesome effects of music and yoga. The assemblies' encompassed euphonious songs, speech and yoga postures. The speeches given by the teachers stressed the importance of both music and yoga in our lives. At Matar Campus the day was marked with yoga techniques in collaboration with Swasthi Academy in which their Yoga Guru Shino Mathew assisted the students to stretch and relax in order to explore the mechanics of life. Principal Mr M.P.Philip and Headmistress Mrs ShailajaKrishnaKumar and Mrs. Asha Shiju propelled the students about the importance of disciplined life through the practice of both Yoga and Music.


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Sometimes, it may be required to mathematically compute the inverse of a matrix and use the result of the operation for other purposes. Below are the steps to manually find the inverse of a matrix.
In this calculation, the values of current row and column are ignored, and the determinant of the remaining values are found. The calculated minors are stored in a matrix.
The next step is to find the cofactors, wherein the alternate sign of values in the 'minors' matrix are changed from '+' to '-' and vice-versa.
Next, the matrix is transposed, i.e the rows are converted to columns and columns are converted to rows.
The determinant of the original matrix is found, and all the elements in the previously computed matrix is divided by the determinant. The resulting matrix would be the inverse of the original matrix.
Finding the inverse of a matrix manually using calculations is a lengthy process. This is where the 'inv' function present in 'SciPy' library comes into play.
Syntax of 'inv' function
The 'matrix' is the parameter that is passed to the 'inv' function to find its inverse value.
from scipy import linalg import numpy as np two_d_matrix = np.array([ [7, 9], [33, 8] ]) print("The inverse of the matrix is :") print(linalg.inv(two_d_matrix ))
The inverse of the matrix is : [[-0.03319502 0._PHONE_ ] [ 0._PHONE_ -0.02904564]]


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Anyone who loves dinosaurs knows that most dinosaurs ate plants while others ate meat and the rest ate both. Creationists, on the other hand, insists that at the very beginning, in the Garden of Eden, all animals and man, including dinosaurs, ate only plants and fruits just as told in Genesis 1:29-30 since there was no death and bloodshed occurring at that time according to the creationists (see this article for what I mean). Creationists deliberately mistook Genesis 1:29-30 as a commandment from God, who years later, lifted the so-called "commandment" just after Noah left the ark in Genesis 9:3 where God gave man permission to eat meat along with plants. Quite possibly this is where creationists got the concept of Genesis 1:30 being a commandment from God from other than their heads.
Ironically, while they say that there was no death and bloodshed before the Fall of Man, they went and turned around and say that all dinosaurs and all other animals ate plants while they are actually killing them, cells and all and shedding sap, which is the plant's own blood along the way.
Plants are living things. They have cells, blood (aka sap), genders, and rely on animals and each other in order to survive. However, creationists stupidly asserts that plants are not alive because plants do not have a spirit (or breath, depending on the translation) (nephesh in Hebrew). Animals don't have spirits either. That's what most Christians believe. Only humans have spirits, a special gift God gave him after He created him from the dust of the earth (Genesis 2:7 KJV). This kind of concept is nothing more than a compromise between Christian Beliefs with Pagan beliefs that involve animals having spirits, such as in Native American Mythology for example.
As mentioned before, Plants are living things. They are alive. They eat. They breathe through stomata (tiny holes underneath the leaves) absorbing carbon dioxide and give out oxygen. They grow, they have genders, they reproduce, and they do die. Creationists make it as if plants are either edible candy or plastic when they say that plants don't die or they are not alive (See Creationist Crank on Plants for more on this). Plus when they said that plants do not die, they deliberately ignore verses in the Bible that tells of human deaths in comparison with plants deaths. Thus, concept of plants not dying is just as a lie as the concepts of thousands of years and dinosaurs living with man being taught by creationists who, with willful ignorance, distort and profane even the Holy Bible itself for personal gain.
Another thing worth noting is that they also claim that even insects and other micro-organisms don't have nephesh in them either. (see these footnotes found in 2 of Answers in Genesis and Creation Ministries International idiot articles on ants and piranhas for reference.) Does this mean that it's ok for animals to eat insects too along with plants? (Look closely and you'll find in Genesis 1:29-30 God does not bar any animal from eating meat.) Animals that do eat plants often unwittingly eat insects (including larvae, especially caterpillars) sometimes while they eat plants. Thus, providing the animals protein to add to their diet.
Just like Plants, insects and micro-organisms do die. They have blood, they have genders, they eat, breathe, grow, reproduce, and just like plants, they do die! YECs make it as if insects and micro-organism are like candy or rubber plastic toys that move on their own. Isn't it hilarious?! They claim that no one died before the fall and yet turned around and say that there was death before the fall when they mentioned insects and plants dying in the Garden when people and animals step on them or eat them while they are eating plants and fruit! A self contradictory concept! Next thing you know they will be talking about fish not having nephesh in them along with reptiles because unlike mammals, these animals don't show feeling and emotions at all!
Creationists are misusing and misrepresenting the term nephesh or nepheshim (plural) while choosing never to know that the word nephesh is used to primarily describe the human race. All throughout the Bible, that Hebrew word is used only to describe the human race. Only in Genesis, however, does nephesh is used to describe breathing creatures such as whales, dogs, monkeys, elephants, and humans.
When YECs make such as statement like that, one question has got to be asked, "What about those animals with sharp teeth and claws? If God wanted animals like lions and tigers to eat plants, then why did He gave them sharp teeth and claws of a carnivore?"
This is one of the questions YECs cannot honestly answer, not to mention can not explain. So to try to answer this, they promote another questionable argument for the diet-lie, which is the notion that just because an animal has sharp teeth doesn't mean it eats meat— exactly no different than saying just because an animal has blunt teeth, doesn't mean it eats plants (i.e. rodents, deer, hippos, humans, and certain prehistoric shellfish eaters like Placodus). YECs tries to make their case in point by referring to pandas, camels, spider monkeys, kinkajous, bats, palm nut vultures, piranhas, and gorillas. Their parade of animal dietary falsehood, however, don't meet up with scrutiny because these animals have in most cases a set of teeth that fits a diet of an omnivore (eating both plants and meat); sharp teeth in the front and blunt teeth in the back. Plus, the reason these animals have sharp teeth like that is to help intimidate, scare, or fight off their enemies.
Herbivores that eat only plants have chewing molars to help them chew food on all sides of the teeth. The supposed sharp teeth of both omnivores and herbivores are found to be smooth, thin, shallow-rooted and blunt, unlike teeth of lions, tigers, jaguars, Tyrannosaurus and Velociraptor, which has teeth that are thick, sharp, rigged, deep-rooted, and long lasting; all the better to strip, bite, and tear raw meat from their prey. The molars the big cats have is known as carnassials. These are a special type of chewing teeth that help animals to get a good grip on the meat, tear it from the bones and chew it. The meat from the prey is raw and difficult to tear so these animals need such teeth not to mention a strong muscular neck to support their jaws and help pull meat from the bones, strong legs for running after prey, eyes that see forward, ears for hearing their prey underground, claws to serve as meat hooks, and huge sense of smell.
Now, how would YECs honestly deal with Bible verse that shows David praising God for providing meat to lions who rely on Him for provision of meat, not to mention the verses that shows God inviting birds and wild animals to feast on his fallen enemies after He destroys them in battle (Jeremiah 15:3, Revalation 19:17-18)? Another question YECs cannot answer in an honest way. They would either ignore or pretend they're not there or dismissed them as just a weak provision, which will bring blasphemy to God since this implies God to be a weakling when he makes such wimpy provisions for His carnivorous creations if that's such the case.
In order for an animal to eat plants, the animal must have biting teeth for pulling plants, chewing molars, huge guts with special bacteria and complex digestive system for fermentation and digestion since plants are extremely difficult to digest due to cellulose fibers found inside the plants (By the way, despite YECs assertion about no decay occurring before the Fall, digestion food is a form of decay. If there was no decay before the fall, bellyaches will abound. In other words, the stomach would have been another worthless wasteful creative feature of God's, if there ever was no decay happening before the Fall.), cheeks for storing plants, and eyes that see sideways to help the animal look out for danger. Some animals have no teeth so they resort to swallowing stones or grit to digest their plant food.
Predators do have a purpose in God's creation and they do have what it takes be full fledged meat eaters. God did create some animals to be predators to benefit the world. For instance predators give plants a chance to grow and flourish by preventing plant-eaters from overpopulating the world, over-grazing, and over-browsing the land and help clean up the world by consuming carcasses of animals bones and all so that they don't litter the ground and spread disease and foul order around. NO way is it sin for an animal like a lion and a shark to be a predator.
If it is a sin, then what good is it? If some animals can't eat meat, even though they've been given the tools and the traits to be a meat-eater, then what good is it? If God really did wanted all of the animals to eat plants as "commanded" in Genesis 1:29-30 (actually He told Adam that he has provided man and animals with fruits and plants to eat. This is not a commandment at all.) and fruit like the fruit bat and the gorilla in the first place, then why did He wasted his creative hands, resources, and features on giving some animals all the tools and traits needed to become a predator? Isn't it cruel and mean to have a god who waste his creative hands and resources on making