text:
The Secretary of State for Health and Social Care announced on 6 February 2018 that he was asking Professor Sir Norman Williams to conduct a rapid policy review into the issues pertaining to gross negligence manslaughter in healthcare.
Working with stakeholders, the Review considered:
- how to ensure healthcare professionals are adequately informed about:
- where and how the line is drawn between gross negligence manslaughter (GNM) and negligence;
- what processes are gone through before initiating a prosecution for GNM;
- how the vital role of reflective learning, openness and transparency is protected where the healthcare professional believes that a mistake has been made to ensure that lessons are learned and mistakes not covered up;
The Review also explored the lessons that need to be learned by the General Medical Council (GMC) and other healthcare professionals' regulators in relation to how they deal with professionals following a criminal process for gross negligence manslaughter.
The Community Pharmacy Patient Safety Group submitted evidence as part of the Review.
In summary, we stated that:
- We would be extremely disappointed if an unintended consequence of the tragic death of Jack Adcock and the following case against Dr Bawa-Garba was the regression to a blame culture in any part of the health and care system, or moves towards a more risk-averse form of healthcare
- An appropriate balance must be struck – currently the GPhC, employers, patients and professionals expect and potentially require (e.g. as part of GPhC standards) that pharmacy professionals are open and honest, and reflect when things go wrong to help organisations understand the factors that have led to an incident so that lessons can be learned/shared, yet these reflections and analysis can then be demanded as part of a criminal investigation and used against the individual involved
- It often feels as though the ultimate goal of regulatory action is to improve public safety and patient care, yet the ultimate goal of a criminal investigation is usually to punish an individual – which makes the responsible pharmacist particularly vulnerable when things go wrong
- There is vast inconsistency in the approach taken by police forces in handling incidents involving healthcare professionals and it is not clear who advises them on proportionality and reasonable expectations. Professionals have a relatively clearer understanding of what to expect from their regulator (due to decision-making guidance being published) but criminal processes are much less clear so we would welcome further guidance on this.
- Public understanding of regulatory action and the application of learning should be improved – a lack of criminal conviction does not equate to a lack of action/learning and a conviction does not automatically lead to improved safety.
- We were particularly concerned by the approach taken by the GMC in this case, especially in the context that the Department of Health recently consulted on proposals to merge several of the healthcare regulators.


_USER_ {export:144766, abstract = {
Static analysis tools aim to find bugs in software that correspond to violations of specifications. Unfortunately, for large and complex software, these specifications are usually either unavailable or sophisticated, and hard to write. This paper presents ANEK, a tool and accompanying methodologyfor inferring specifications useful for modular typestate checking of programs. In particular, these specifications consist of pre and postconditions along with aliasing annotations known as access permissions. A novel feature of ANEK is that it can generate program specifications even when the code under analysis gives rise to conflicting constraints, a situation that typically occurs when there are bugs. The design of ANEK also makes it easy to add heuristic constraints that encode intuitions gleaned from several years of experience writing such specifications, and this allows it to infer specifications that are better in a subjective sense. The ANEK algorithm is based on a modular analysis that makes it fast and scalable, while producing reliable specifications. All of these features are enabled by its underlying probabilistic analysis that produces specifications that are very likely. Our implementation of ANEK infers access permissions specifications used by the PLURAL [4] modular typestate checker for Java programs. We have run ANEK on a number of Java benchmark programs, including one large open-source program (approximately 38000 lines of code), to infer specifications that were then checked using PLURAL. The results for the large benchmark show that ANEK can quickly infer specifications that are both accurate and qualitatively similar to those written by hand, and at 5{\%} of the time taken to manually discover and hand-code the specifications.
}, author = {Nels E. Beckman and Aditya V. Nori}, booktitle = {PLDI '11: Programming Languages Design and Implementation}, month = {June}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery, Inc.}, title = {Probabilistic, Modular and Scalable Inference of Typestate Specifications}, url = {_URL_ year = {2011}, }


Difference Between Similar Terms and Objects
Difference Between MP3 and AAC
mp3_logoMP3 vs AAC
MP3 is already a quite well known audio codec that is used mostly in mobile media players, which has now been dubbed as MP3 players, due to the significant reduction in file size it offers. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) was a later addition to the MP4 standard and presents multiple and substantial improvements to the MP3 standard. Since both are lossy formats, it is therefore understood that they both sacrifice parts of the original audio data in order to come up with a much smaller file size. The key difference is in the quality of the recording after it is encoded with either AAC or MP3.
AAC has corrected a lot of the shortcomings of MP3 when encoding sound files and this has been duly noted both by technical people and casual listeners. The difference is so significant that it is not uncommon for people to equate the sound quality of an MP3 file coded with a specific bit rate with an AAC encoded file with a much lower bit rate. The difference in quality gets more pronounced as you go down to lower bit rates; 128kbps and lower.
The general advantage of the MP3 format is in its popularity. Because it was the first one to be introduced, it has become widely accepted by most software and hardware music players. AAC only gained popularity when Apple adapted it as the default format for its iPod music player and the music files sold in its music store. Before that, most portable music players, like those created by Creative, only supported MP3 files and not AAC. Now, most modern players being produced have added support for AAC and this gap is slowly beginning to close.
When choosing a file format for storing your music files, it is no longer under debate that AAC would be the clear winner. But before you encode your files to AAC, you should first examine if your existing devices are able to work with this format, as low quality is always better than not playable. When looking for a new player, its always better to find one with AAC support even when you have no intention of converting your files to AAC any time soon.
1. MP3 and AAC are both lossy file formats for audio recording
2. AAC is generally better than MP3, more so at lower bitrates
3. The MP3 format has more support, especially in portable devices, compared to AAC
Search DifferenceBetween.net :
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 1. I've done extensive personal testing of AAC, WMA, mp3 and mp3PRO. This is what I've found:
 1. mp3 requires more bits to equal the same quality as the newer codecs: AAC/WMA/mp3PRO.
 A. 4 MB "standard" mp3 (128 kbps, constant-bit-rate) equals..
 B. 3 MB 96 kbps, cbr AAC/WMA/mp3PRO
 In other words, the newer codecs are all roughly 30% better.
 2. Copy Protection.
 The overwhelming reason why mp3 is still popular is because of its LACK of copy protection.
 3. At super-low bit rates, i.e. 32 kbps cbr, AAC and mp3PRO seem to be the best.
 4. Most like original.
 For critical listening, i.e. "audio snobs" like me, I've found that mp3s at 160/192kbps sound the best.. period.. regardless of the AAC/WMA/mp3PRO setting used. It is "warmer" and more faithful to the original WAV file. The newer codecs tend to "lack air" and sound "more metallic". However, the average person can't tell the difference.
 5. Favorite.
 I like mp3PRO the best. It has the best of both worlds: mp3 compatibility AND newer algorithms/smaller file sizes of AAC/WMA.
 6. AAC Popularity.
 The reason AAC is gaining in popularity is solely because of iTunes. In fact, there is a firmware update to the Nintendo Wii that makes it play AACs and dumps mp3 playback.
 1. Difference Between iPod and MP3 | Difference Between | iPod vs MP3
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Dependencies among Models
Although it might not be obvious at a first glance, there are several dependencies among certain models. It is worthwhile to have knowledge about these issues before you start making own models, because it helps with resource planning and prevents expensive problems later.
We'll describe several typical kinds of dependencies, considering the example of the Cafu DeathMatch MOD: In the Cafu DeathMatch MOD, mutual dependencies affect the human player models and their weapons.
First, lets deal with all "other" models, i.e. those that are neither player nor weapon models: Usually, these other models are not closely related to each other, each of them has a separate piece of game code associated that handles it, and thus they do not suffer from any inherent dependency problems.
Human player models
Human player models are special, because they are usually intended to be 100% equivalent to each other. That is, if somebody makes a new human player model and offers it for download, you expect it to work exactly like the ones that you already know. In order to achieve this kind of equivalence, two assumptions must hold: The skeleton of the new models must basically match the skeleton of the old models, and the animation sequence numbers must refer to reasonably identical animations.
The animation sequences must match, because the game code has built-in knowledge that, for example, sequence number 3 refers to an "idle (waiting)" animation, and that sequence number 27 refers to an "aiming with a shotgun" animation. It is entirely up to you to animate your model to look at his wrist watch while aiming with the shotgun, or to pick his nose, but it is important that sequence number 27 corresponds to some "aiming with a shotgun" animation – because the same is true for all other models, and the game code relies on it.
The skeletons must also match, for similar reasons: At least the basic hierarchical structure (starting from the pelvis to the most important bones) must be identical, as well as the names(!) of the corresponding bones. However, you are free to add bones to the skeleton as you like, change their sizes or lengths, change their positions relative to each other, and do many other interesting things. You may even omit bones if you want to create a one-armed, one-legged hero. What works and what works not is easiest determined by trying it out, but please do also refer to the next part about weapons.
Weapons do usually come as a set of three models: "world" models, "player" models, and "view" models.
World models are the models that lie around in the world, before someone picked them up. They are usually not animated (or only have a single animation sequence), are independent from anything else, and are therefore in the same category as the "all others" models, so that we need not be further concerned about them.
Player models are the weapons that you see in the hands of other players who have picked up and are using that weapon. For the following discussion, we'll refer to the "player" weapon model as the "_p" model, and to the character model of a human player as the "body" model.
First, if you consider the skeleton of a _p model in the Model Editor, you will find that it resembles a partial body model (the bones from the pelvis to the shooting arm are there!), before it diverges into additional bones for the actual weapon.
Here is the crucial point: In order for the engine to compute the proper position of the _p model relative to the body model, it (partially) has to match the skeletons of both models! That is, it first computes the skeleton of the body model (depending on its current animation pose). Then it considers the skeleton of the _p model, starting at its root, and tries to match it bone-by-bone to the previously computed body skeleton. If a match was found, the engine simply takes the information from the body model bone also for the _p model bone. Only when the matching breaks for the first time, the engine resumes normal bone computing also for the _p model. (This way you can for example see a face-hugger in the hands of another player that is wagging it's tail.) Matches are made by comparing the names of the concerned bones.
As a consequence, if you want to make additional body models for the DeathMatch MOD, and additional weapons, and you want to be able to combine each body model with each weapon, then you have to make sure that they all have a corresponding skeletal structure and bone names!
View models are the models that you see in 1st persons view after you have picked up a weapon yourself. They are also independent from anything else, but the game has usually special code for handling them. Thus, you can well make a replacement weapon for e.g. the shotgun, matching the animation sequences of the existing "view" weapon model according to similar rules as indicated for making replacement human player models. You can also introduce entirely new weapon models, but be prepared that is requires to augment the game's C++ or script code as well.
Applicability to your own game
If you create an own game, things may or may not be different, of course. However, keep in mind that if you want to achieve a high degree of flexibility and ease of maintenance, you'll sooner or later probably experience the same rules and dependencies as described here. They are the – relatively cheap – price for the ability to combine every human player model with every weapon model.
modelling/dependenciesamongmodels.txt · Last modified: 2013-01-07 12:07 (external edit)


text:
Assemble the Units
1. Layer a print B piece atop a solid black A piece with center marks aligned. Pin the pieces together at the center (see Diagram 1), then at each end.
2. Using slender pins and picking up only a few threads at each position, pin generously in between (see Diagram 2).
3. Sew together the pieces, removing each pin just before your needle reaches it, to make a block unit (see Diagram
3). Press the seam allowance gently toward the print B piece. The pieced unit should measure 4" square, including the seam allowances.
4. Repeat to make a total of 72 block units with assorted print B pieces and solid black A pieces.
5. Repeat step 1 through 3 to make an additional 72 block units using solid black B pieces and assorted print A pieces (see Diagram 4).
Continued on Page 4: Assemble the Quilt Center
More to check out:

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Evaluating Food Assistance Programs in an Era of Welfare Reform: Summary of a Workshop
||January 1, 1999
Note: Proceedings contain the opinion of the presenters, but do NOT reflect the conclusions of the Health and Medicine Division or the National Academies. Learn more about the differences between Reports and Proceedings.
In collaboration with the Board on Children, Youth, and Families of the NRC and the Institute of Medicine (IOM), and with the Food and Nutrition Board of the IOM, CNSTAT convened a one-and-a-half-day workshop on February 12-13, 1998, to discuss evaluation of food assistance programs in an era of welfare reform.
The workshop had five main goals:
- to provide overviews of research conducted for policy analysis of food assistance programs,
- to review the state of the art in program evaluation methods,
- to review data sources relevant to the needed policy analysis and research,
- to identify innovative directions for research, and
- to identify issues for further study through commissioned research or an NRC panel.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
SAN MARINO, CA.- The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens
announced the acquisition of 13 important pieces of furniture designed by seminal American architect Frank Lloyd Wright (_PHONE_). The highlight of the group is a nine-piece dining room suite designed in 1899 for the Husser House (which since has been destroyed) in Chicago, a commission that marked a crucial turning point in Wrights career. With that project, Wright began to conceive of interior space that was more open and flowing than in his earlier commissions, breaking down the notions of architecture that had prevailed until that point.
The Huntington also acquired four chairs from four other signature Wright houses in Illinois: the Avery Coonley House, the Arthur Heurtley House, the Little House (which also has been demolished), and the Ward W. Willits House. All 13 pieces of furniture have been on view in the Virginia Steele Scott Galleries of American Art at The Huntington since 2009, on long-term loan from the Joyce and Erving Wolf family.
Its difficult to measure the significance of this acquisition, said Kevin Salatino, Hannah and Russel Kully Director of the Art Collections at The Huntington. Wrights work is indispensible to understanding the history of modern architecture and design in this country. And since many of his important early projects, like the Husser House, have been demolished, the need to make their design components available to the public has become pressing. Consequently, were thrilled to have been able to add these works to the permanent collection at The Huntington.
Wright is considered one of the greatest architects of the 20th century. In the 1890s, when heavily ornamented Victorian tastes still dominated the interiors of the day, Wright was at the forefront of a group of architects who were beginning to design structures in which furnishings with a more streamlined design played important roles. In addition to developing plans for more than a thousand buildings of various types, Wright designed furniture, leaded-glass windows, light fixtures, metal ware, and textilesobjects made to harmonize with the buildings for which they were intended.
While Wright went on to design innovative buildings from New York to Los Angelesincluding Hollyhock House and the Ennis House in Los Angeles, and the Millard House (La Miniatura) in Pasadenamany of the themes that characterize his achievement were laid down in his early work. The Chicago-area designs reflect most strongly his philosophies of using natural materials and the integration of architecture and interior furnishings with the site. All of the objects acquired by The Huntington date to this pivotal period in Wrights career.
The desire for beauty in commonplace objects, respect for natural materials, and interest in simplicity link Wright to the Design Reform and Arts and Crafts Movements, strongly represented at The Huntington by its William Morris Collection, selections of which are on view in the Huntington Art Gallery, and by the work of Charles and Henry Greene, displayed in the Virginia Steele Scott Galleries of American Art. The Huntington also holds dozens of images of Wrights later work by midcentury architectural photographer Maynard L. Parker.
The Husser House dining suite and these four distinctive chairs by Frank Lloyd Wright are as stunning today as they were a hundred years ago, said Jessica Todd Smith, chief curator of American art at The Huntington. They have become a favorite, dramatic feature in the American art installation here.
The Huntingtons American art collection will expand into 5,400 square feet of additional gallery space in 2014. To know the Wright furniture is now ours allows us to move forward with plans for the reinstallation of the galleries with confidenceknowing these historically significant, top-quality examples of turn-of-the-20th-century design will be here in perpetuity, she added.


text:
Palladium Nanofiber Networks Hydrogen Sensor and Hydrogen-Actuated Switches
This paper presents a novel fabrication technique for hydrogen gas sensor based on polymer nanofiber and pure palladium metal. The polymer nanofiber was produced from 7 wt% poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) solution through electrospinning system. The multilayer PVA nanofibers was utilized as a substrate to create a networks of palladium nanofibers hydrogen sensor. The palladium nanofiber with a thickness of 30 nm was deposited on the surface of the multilayer PVA nanofibers by using E-beam evaporation system and shadow mask. During the hydrogen detection test, the novel hydrogen sensor was presented as a set of hydrogen-actuated switches with high sensitivity. The fabrication process was simple and inexpensive, and the sensor can be mass-produced.
KeywordsNanofiber Poly vinyl alcohol Palladium Hydrogen sensor Switches
- 7.Lewis, F.A.: The palladium-hydrogen system. Platin. Met. Rev. 26(1), 20–27 (1982)Google Scholar

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Mir Mohammed Muayyinul Islam, (_PHONE_) popularly known as Mian Mir was a famous Muslim Sufi saint who settled at Lahore. He belonged to the Qadiria order of Sufism. He is called the founder of Mian Khail branch of the Qadiria order.
Having religious inclinations from his early childhood, he became a disciple of Sheikh Khizr of the Qadiria order. At the age of 25, Mian Mir came to Lahore and resided in the suburbs of the city called Begampura. The whole area is now called after his name Mian Mir. People thronged to him in large numbers from far and wide. Mullah Shah Badakshi was his famous disciple. Mughal prince Dara Shikoh and his sister princess Jahanara became his devoted disciples. He was highly tolerant to other faiths including Sikhism and a close friend of Guru Arjan. In 1589 the Guru planned to build a Gurdwara in the center of the holy tank called Amritsar or the tank of nectar. As the temple was intended to open to people of all castes, creeds and climes, he invited Mian Mir to lay the foundation stone of the Harmandar.
Mian Mir enlightened and inspired not only the Muslims but also so many Sikhs and Hindus who embraced Islam. He died in 11 August 1635. He was buried at the village of Lahore, Hashimpur. Prince Dara Shikoh built a grand tomb over the grave, which is gracefully standing as a great piece of architecture and is visited by thousands of people every year.
This article was last updated on Wednesday, Jan 04, 2006


text:
One Island, Many Stories Speaker Series: Fishing
October 21 @ 4:00 pm - 5:00 pm
The history of Martha's Vineyard has unfolded over thousands of years, across hundreds of square miles of land and sea, and in dozens of communities across the Island. It is not a single story, but many interwoven stories.
Inspired by the MVM's exhibition One Island, Many Stories, each episode of this monthly virtual program will feature Research Librarian Bow Van Riper in conversation with a different member of our Island community whose work engages with one of the exhibition's themes: escaping, changing, voyaging, belonging, creating, fishing, and farming. This live and lively discussion series will explore how the Island's past shapes its inhabitants' present-day lives and how understanding that continuity (and change) might help us navigate the future of our Island.
Five miles distant and a world apart from the mainland, Martha's Since the ancestors of the Wampanoag first settled Noepe, the Island's "great waters"—its ponds, inlets, and surrounding seas—have sustained those who call it home. Fish and shellfish have been staples of Islanders' diets, but also of the Island's economy. Cod and mackerel, swordfish and herring, quahogs and scallops provided food for Island tables and, when sold to mainland dealers as far away as Boston and New York, put money in Island pockets. Once thought to be inexhaustible, the bounty of the sea has proved to be both finite and fragile, and Vineyarders are now at the forefront of efforts to craft a sustainable future for both fish and fishermen. Join MVM research librarian Bow Van Riper in a conversation with Shelley Edmundson, executive director of the Martha's Vineyard Fishermen's Preservation Trust, in a conversation around the theme of "fishing."
MVM Members $5; Non-Members $7. Click here to register for this virtual program.


The simplest part of JavaFX's significant animation underpinning is the animation timer. The AnimationTimer class it gives access to JavaFX's slightly modified version of System.nanoTime(), and provides an overridable handle() method, which is executed exactly once per frame – or animation 'pulse'.
But how often is "once per frame"?
In this project, we'll look at set up, frame and pulse length, and calculating frame length for an animation timer. The starting code for this project is here.
Creating an animation timer
The AnimationTimer is the simplest element of the JavaFX animation layer. It has three methods, which define its behaviour, and in the simplest use case, we'll only use one.
public void start();
public void stop();
public abstract void handle(long time);
AnimationTimer is abstract, so to use it we must provide a concrete instantiation. Most of the time, this is done by creating an anonymous inner class, but we can also do it by sub-classing. If you're interested in adding functionality to pause or restart the timer, sub-classing would be more efficient.
Either way, we need to overwrite the abstract method handle(). The code we provide within this method will then be executed once per JavaFX frame.
An animation timer recieves a pulse from the mater timer every frame
Determining the start of every frame is done through a cascade of animation pulses, which start with the MasterTimer. So, to properly understand the speed of the animation timer, we need to look first at how the animation timer internally constructs itself, and where it gets its settings.
How the cogs work
Here, we'll take a look at the methods, classes and Toolkits that make it work. Then, we'll look at customising it to get the process we want.
If you're not that fussed about the inner workings, and you just want to know how to use the animation timer, don't worry. You can jump ahead now.
Creation and Running
So, we've just created our animation timer. Because we're creating an instance for an abstract class, we don't actually see the constructor. This encapsulates the animation framework away from the user.
Internally, the constructor of the animation timer requests the default Toolkit. For JavaFX, this is the Quantum Toolkit.
1. Quantum Toolkit
The Quantum Toolkit integrates the windowing part of JavaFX ("Glass") with the graphics engine ("Prism"). That's relevant to us because the Glass Windowing Toolkit runs the animation pulses, and Prism handles the rending of the window.
In increase efficiency, the Quantum Toolkit makes sure we can't update our animations faster than the window is rendering.
With that in mind, if you're the first bit of code that's requested the Toolkit, you've just set into action a little chain of events that sets up the Windowing system for JavaFX.
After that, the animation timer is simply handed the toolkit in use. The animation timer doesn't need the whole toolkit – so it asks the toolkit to just give it the master timer.
AbstractMasterTimer timer = Toolkit.getToolkit().getMasterTimer();
That call to the Toolkit tells you a lot about the speed of the animation timer:
Rule 1: In JavaFX, the animation timer will never run faster than the refresh rate of the screen.
2. AbstractMasterTimer
The master timer, which more or less runs the animation show is a singleton that synchronises every timer in the current program. It manages all the scheduling and running of the animation actions, as well as any post-update methods JavaFX might deem necessary. It's responsible for the frame rate (which we'll look at in Animation Speed), and allows JavaFX to stop and start the clock on animation globally.
3. TimerReciever
Finally, the animation timer creates an AnimationTimerReceiver, a private class inside of the animation timer. Its only job is to act as an intermediary – a little like an observer – on the master timer's pulse switch.
The only difference between this and a regular observer is that it interacts with the privileged network of actions underpinning animation in the Quantum Toolkit.
The toolkit won't let just anyone access the timer pulse – you have to be part of the timer system. So, the animation timer creates a AnimationTimerReceiver, which has the right privileged access.
Animation Timer Speed (fps)
1. How JavaFX determines the frame rate
Now, knowing that the master timer runs the ship in terms of animation, we can dig into it to see how it determines what it should be.
To work out the frame rate of the application, the master timer refers itself to the Settings class. That class is an internal package in the graphics module called com.sun.scenario. And in case you're wondering, just like the privileged actions of the animation pulses, the internal package can't be accessed by us. We can't, at this point in time, set the frame rate.
JavaFX takes three steps to work out the frame rate in the Settings class:
 1. Check the 'frame rate property', based on the screen refresh rate
 2. If that's not set, check the pulse property, based on the preferred pulse frequency of JavaFX on this system
 3. Finally, default to 60 FPS
To test this, we'll build a simple application to test the frame rate of the animation timer.
Practically determining the frame rate
So, what's the runtime speed of the JavaFX animation timer? Well, there's an easy way to find out. AnimationTimer is an abstract class, so we extend it to create a timer anyway. We usually do that by creating an anonymous inner class, but you can create concrete sub-classes too.
By extending the animation timer a little more, we can get it to remember the timestamp of the last frame (in nanoseconds). A little bit more than that, and we calculate the number of nano seconds since the last frame.
AnimationTimer animationTimer = new AnimationTimer() {
 long delta;
 long lastFrameTime;
 @Override
 public void handle(long now) {
 delta = now - lastFrameTime;
 lastFrameTime = now;
 }
};
Finally, we can add a method to our animation timer, which gives us access to the frame rate, in frames per second, calculated from the duration of the last frame.
public double getFrameRateHertz() {
 double frameRate = 1d / deltaTimeNano;
 return frameRate * 1e9;
}
In this test application, we've actually made a SimpleAnimationTimer class, which provides an IntegerProperty, updated each frame, providing bindable access to the frame-rate.
In our Controller, we include a label, FPSLabel, which we bind to the property provided.
FPSLabel.textProperty().bindBidirectional(timer.frameRateProperty(), new NumberStringConverter("FPS: "));
Using a simple NumberStringConverter, we attached "FPS: " give the text a useful title..
And there it is, automatically updating:
An animation timer has been used to display the frame rate of a JavaFX application
Conclusions
JavaFX deter


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I'm finding lots of 2-3k line files, and it doesn't really feel like they should be that big.
What is a good criteria to objectively call a source code file "too big"?, is there such thing as a maximum amount of lines a source code file should have?
share|improve this question
Your peer tells you after reviewing the code. "You cannot determine this yourself because you know more as the author than the code says by itself. A computer cannot tell you, for the same reasons that it cannot tell if a painting is art or not. Hence, you need another human - capable of maintaining the software - to look at what you have written and give his or her opinion..." – gnat Nov 24 '12 at 14:22
Some compilers used to have weird limits on source code size: max line length or max number of lines. When compiler complains, this is an objective indicator that code is too big (or that it is time to upgrade). – mouviciel Nov 25 '12 at 11:17
Split as much as possible, but without breaking the integrity of files. Each file (or pair of header/source files) should always be a rounded whole, independent of the internal implementation of other files. If this means some files will be large because they implement something complex, so be it. – Ambroz Bizjak Nov 25 '12 at 11:25
3 Answers 3
up vote 3 down vote accepted
As an ideal model I use the following criteria (with a similar rationale to what Martin Beckett suggested, i.e. to think in terms of logical structure and not in terms of lines of code):
Rule 1
One class per file (in C++: one class -> one header and one implementation file).
Rule 2
Seven is considered the number of items that our brain can observe at the same time without getting confused. Above 7 we find it difficult to keep an overview of what we see. Therefore: each class should not have more than 7-10 methods. A class that has more than 10 method is probably too complex and you should try to split it. Splitting is a very effective method because every time you split a class you reduce the complexity of each individual class at least by a factor of 2.
Rule 3
A method body that does not fit in one or two screens is too big (I assume that a screen / editor window is about 50 lines). Ideally, you can see the whole method in one window. If this is not the case, you only need to scroll up and down a bit, without forgetting the part of the method that gets hidden. So, if you have to scroll more than one screen up or down to read the whole method body, your method is probably too big and you can easily lose the overview.
Again, splitting methods using private help methods can reduce method complexity very fast (at every split the complexity is at least halved). If you introduce too many private help methods you can consider creating a separate class to collect them (if you have more private methods than public ones, maybe a second class is hiding inside your main class).
Putting together these very rough estimates:
 - At most one class per source file.
 - At most 10 public method per class.
 - At most 10 private method per class.
 - At most 100 lines per method.
So a source file that is more than 2000 lines is probably too large and starting to be too messy.
This is really a very rough estimate and I do not follow these criteria systematically (especially because there is not always enough time to do proper refactoring). Also, as Martin Beckett suggested, there are situations in which a class is a large collection of methods and it does not make sense to split them in some artificial way just to make the class smaller.
Anyway, in my experience a file starts to get unreadable when one of the above parameters is not respected (e.g. a 300 line method body that spans six screens, or a source file with 5000 lines of code).
share|improve this answer
Disagree with #2: what about overloads? For example ostream << operator in C++ has a large number of similar methods, but fundamentally all do the same thing (write to the stream). – JBRWilkinson Nov 26 '12 at 12:00
_USER_: See the paragraph towards the end of the answer. – Giorgio Nov 26 '12 at 13:39
No - not in terms of lines of code. The driver should be logical grouping. There certainly shouldn't be multiple classes in one large file for example
If you had a class that legitmately had a few hundred methods (not impossible in say 3D modelling) it would be a lot less convenient to split that into arbitrary files. We used to have to do this when memory was scarcer and processors slower - and it was a pains, constantly searching for the function definition.
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_USER_: usually, but not always. – whatsisname Nov 24 '12 at 2:26
_USER_ - common in say gis/3d modelling to have lots of operations you can perform, and then have them overloaded for 2d,3d,4d,3d+signal,then float/double/integer etc - templates help a little but for efficency lots of operations are often better than a pretty class heirarchy – Martin Beckett Nov 24 '12 at 3:01
_USER_ - either irony, or we have found the reason behind Microsoft Bob – Martin Beckett Nov 24 '12 at 23:19
_USER_ - and you use a small font so they don't take up as much space? – Martin Beckett Dec 3 '12 at 16:10
_USER_ - you use different classes? Doesn't that make it complex remembering the names? – Martin Beckett Dec 4 '12 at 5:13
When the code in it becomes unmaintainable. i.e: you can't tell just by watching the code if the method/class/function you're looking for (and have to edit/debug) is in there, or not, and if so, where it is.
Your IDE/Editor choice and features will influence this upper limit's actual quantification, though. Code folding, function/method listing, and lookup will postpone the moment this development scenario presents.
But when it does, it's time to split it.
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Your Answer


text:
Provided by: freewnn-cserver_1.1.1~a021+cvs20130302-4_amd64
catod - To convert the text format of a dictionary to binary format.
catod [-s maxword ] [-R] [-r] [-e] [-S] [-U] [-P dicpasswd ] [-p frepasswd ] [-h cixingfile ] outfilename
This command converts a dictionary from text format into binary format. outfilename is the name of the binary format dictionary. If outfilename is not given, the output will be passed to the standard output device(stdout). The input file may be piped in by using the "<" command. For example, catod basic.dic < basic.u "basic.dic" here is the output binary format dictionary, while the "basic.u" is the input text format dictionary. If the input text dictionary is not given, the input will be taken from the standard input(stdin). To end the input via standard input, press ^D.
-s maxword To specify the maximum number of words. Default is 70000. -R To create a dictionary for both forward and reverse conversion. (Default). -r To create a reverse format dictionary only for reverse conversion. -e If the Hanzi inside the text dictionary contains characters such as space and tab, they will be compacted to special format. (Default). -S To create a static dictionary. -U To create a dynamic dictionary. -P dicpasswd To specify the password for the dictionary. If "-N" is used instead, the password of the dictionary will be set to "*". -p frepasswd To specify the password for the usage frequency file. If "-n" is used instead, the password of the frequency file will be set to "*". -h cixingfile To specify the Cixing definition file.
1. The parts in [ ] are options. They may be omitted. 2. The Pinyin and Zhuyin dictionary has the same format. 3. For details of the dictionary structure, refer to cWnn manual. 13 May 1992 CATOD(1)


- "Genshin Impact" has a few hidden mechanics that the game does not explain to players
 - The ICD system dictates the frequency in which elemental auras are applied by attacks
 - This system has a number of rules and exceptions for every character
The combat system in "Genshin Impact" is easy to understand and even easier to use in practice. However, there are plenty of things happening behind the scenes that the average player may not immediately notice. The ICD mechanic falls under this category.
Exploiting the ICD is important for maximizing damage output in "Genshin Impact." Much like the Elemental Gauge Theory, the game doesn't explain this mechanic at all, but members of the "Genshin Impact" community have put it upon themselves to try and discover how ICDs work by themselves.
What Are ICDs?
ICD, or Internal Cooldown, is a hidden mechanic that affects the frequency in which elemental attacks apply elemental auras on the same enemy. Simply put, elemental attacks can only apply elemental auras to enemies depending on their independent internal cooldown timers. Attacks cannot apply elemental auras in quick succession, except for some specific abilities.
There are two rules that determine when an aura can be applied:
 1. Attacks can only apply auras every 2.5 seconds.
 2. Attacks will reapply an aura after three hits.
These rules are independent of each other. For example, if Hu Tao inflicts a Pyro aura on an enemy, she will not be able to inflict another Pyro aura for the next 2.5 seconds or until she hits the same enemy four times in quick succession. If she fails to hit the enemy four times after 2.5 seconds, then her ICD will reset by virtue of the first rule.
Hu Tao, the 77th Director of the Wangsheng Funeral Parlor - Genshin Impact Hu Tao, the 77th Director of the Wangsheng Funeral Parlor Photo: Genshin Impact
Different attacks have unique ICD tags attached to them. These tags simply serve as indicators that let the game know what type of attack is being used.
Some attacks, such as Ganyu's charged shots, have no ICD timers and will always apply auras so long as they hit.
How To Exploit ICDs
Knowing a character's ICDs can help increase the efficiency of element application. This will help players make sure that no attacks go to waste when chaining elemental reactions.
For example, Diona's constellation passive that makes her aimed shots charge faster will not affect her aimed shot ICD, which means that every other hit on an enemy will not inflict Cryo.
Alternatively, each hit of Diluc's Elemental Skill will apply Pyro because each strike has a different ICD tag.
Working around ICDs is what makes quick-swap teams very viable. Players will be able to constantly apply and reapply an element so long as they use different attacks from different characters. This can result in big combos filled with elemental reactions if played properly.
Here's a detailed overview of ICDs provided by TenTen, one of the community's most helpful content creators for in-depth "Genshin Impact" information:


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Gemology Courses
Gemology 011 Introductory Colored Stones
Units: 4 | Class hours: 48 lecture/48 Laboratory | Prerequisite: None
Discover the unique qualities of a dazzling array of colored gemstones, and use our full gemological lab to identify stones from our extensive collection. Learn to use a variety of gemological testing instruments, including the gemological microscope, refractometer, polariscope, dichroscope, specific gravity fluids, interference sphere, spectroscope, Chelsea and other assorted filters, short wave and long wave light, and monochromatic light. Topics covered include:
Defining a mineral and a gemstone
Classification by formation
The 6 crystal systems
Physical properties of colored stones
Specific gravity
Groups, species and varieties
The physics of gemstones
The optical qualities of gemstones
Double refraction
Instructor: Lothar Vallot
Gemology 012 Advanced Colored Stones
Advanced identification, appreciation and evaluation of colored gemstones. Further your understanding of the physical and optical properties of gemstones and achieve mastery of the use of gemological testing equipment to identify an extensive range of natural and synthetic gemstones. Topics covered include:
Color and the transition elements
Absorption spectra
Light phenomena
In-depth information about inclusions
Flame fusion, flux fusion, and other methods of synthesis
Optic Character and sign
Weight estimation
Cutting and polishing
Glass and assembled stones
Pearls and other mineraloids
Wholesale market pricing for major gemstones
Instructor: Lothar Vallot
Gemology 015 Colored Stones & Diamonds Lab
Units: 1 | Class hours: 48 laboratory total | Previous or concurrent enrollment in another Gemology course Recommended
Laboratory experience in testing and identification of colored gemstones and/or full grading of diamonds for clarity, color, cut and carat weight. May be repeated.
Instructor: Lothar Vallot
Gemology 020 Diamonds
Units: 4 | Class hours: 96 laboratory total | Prerequisite: None
Find out what makes a diamond so beautiful and why it enjoys its unique status above all other gemstones. This course offers an opportunity to examine several diamonds in a variety of clarity and color ranges close-up. Learn a full range of diamond grading techniques and how to detect treated diamonds and diamond substitutes. Topics covered include:
Physical properties of a diamond
How they are formed and where they are found
Mining and distribution
Diamond cutting
Assessing clarity
Plotting diamonds
Assessing proportions
Estimating carat weight
Grading mounted diamonds
Assessing color
Evaluating cut
Recutting diamonds
How diamonds are priced
Diamond treatments and their identification
Detecting diamond simulants
Instructor: Elaine Ferrari-Santhon
Gemology 030 Antique and Period Jewelry
Units: 3 | Class hours: 48 lecture total Prerequisite: None
Learn to recognize valuable antique and period jewelry, and become familiar with jewelry styles as far back as the late 18th century. Be able to identify styles, makers, and countries of origin, and accurately assess market value. Topics covered include:
Late Georgian jewelry
Early, mid and late Victorian jewelry
Arts & Crafts jewelry
Art Nouveau jewelry
Edwardian jewelry
Twentieth century fine, costume, and novelty jewelry
American studio artist's jewelry
Contemporary "mainstream" jewelry
Native American Indian and Mexican silver jewelry
Scandinavian jewelry
Instructor: Diana Sanders Cinamon
Gemology 050 Pearls
Units: 3 | Class hours: 48 lecture | Prerequisite: None
Introduction to the history, appreciation, identification and evaluation of natural and cultured pearls. An overview of the world pearl industry and famous pearls. Pearl identification and grading techniques covering the physical and optical properties for judging the luster, surface, shape, color and size of the various types of pearls.
Instructor: Diana Sanders Cinamon


text:
The Language of Color
Sun, Aug 1, 2010 ~ Wed, Jul 31, 2013Times:
Open Daily, 9:00am - 5:00pm, Extended hours 4th Wednesdays Summer 2011Description:
Whether it's the brilliant blue wings of a butterfly, the scarlet feathers of a tanager, or the stripes of a zebra, animals display color in vastly different ways and for different reasons. Combining dramatic specimens with video presentations, computer interactives, hands-on activities, and a stunning display of live dart frogs, The Language of Color will help visitors understand the nature of color and pattern, how different animals "see" it, and how animal color and its perception have co-evolved to produce the complex and diverse palette of colors we see in the world today. The exhibit features a wide array of mammals, reptiles, amphibians, mollusks, and insect specimens that illustrate colors used to camouflage, startle predators, mimic other animals, attract a mate, or intimidate a rival.
Harvard Museum of Natural History
26 Oxford St.
7-8 Min Walk From Harvard Square
Cambridge, MA 02138Event Website
Contact Phone: _PHONE_


tkbx tkbx - 1 month ago 5x
Python Question
Insert line at middle of file with Python?
Is there a way to do this? Say I have a file that's a list of names that goes like this:
 1. Alfred
 2. Bill
 3. Donald
How could I insert the third name, "Charlie", at line x (in this case 3), and automatically send all others down one line? I've seen other questions like this, but they didn't get helpful answers. Can it be done, preferably with either a method or a loop?
Answer
This is a way of doing the trick.
f = open("path_to_file", "r")
contents = f.readlines()
f.close()
contents.insert(index, value)
f = open("path_to_file", "w")
contents = "".join(contents)
f.write(contents)
f.close()
"index" and "value" are the line and value of your choice, lines starting from 0.
Comments


Worms in a Drainfie...
Clear all
Worms in a Drainfield
New Member
Joined: 2 years ago
Posts: 1
Topic starter
Can worms be used for a secondary filtration system. If the runoff from a septic tank led to a vermicomposting bin, would the secondary wastewater provide enough nutrient for the worms to feed? If so, what would be the ideal mix for it to be in?
Thanks and apologies for my lack of understanding. Just trying (and struggling) to get my head around everything
Eminent Member Admin
Joined: 4 years ago
Posts: 42
Hi Nico
Yes you can use a worm ecosystem to clean septic tank effluent. If it's in an uncontained filter bed, then the worm population will adjust itself, along with the microbial population, to be the optimum balance for the amount of nutrient available in your unique situation. That's the advantage of working with natural systems. They're self-maintaining and self-correcting. So provided the conditions remain within what's tolerable for the health of the ecosystem as a whole, it will regulate itself. (Just as the Earth has done for billions of years until humans thought they knew better...) So if you set up a greenfilter bed as per the Design & construction page and just add worms, the ecosystem will start to establish and then do what it does best.
Worms have been used in many bioremediation projects to clean up all manner of pollutants. Most of these projects have been based on an inorganic substrate (see the scientific studies linked on the Why worms? page) but work so much better with organic material which is the ecosystem's natural habitat.


text:
The advantages of JMAG to electric machine analysis have been proven time and again. Even though electric machines are considered mature products, they still face new demands for higher performance. These demands have increased competition among machine designers to extract the most performance from a design. After more than 100 years, most of the easy innovations have already been made and deriving further performance gains requires finite element analysis (FEA) to identify previously overlooked or underestimated aspects of machine design. Since JMAG's release, it has been utilized in a number of motor development projects around the world. Our accumulated knowledge and experience in motor design enables us to provide powerful yet easy to use simulation technologies.
Evaluate complex phenomena such as thermal demagnetization and vibration in addition to basic characteristics such as induced voltage, torque, and inductance.
- Obtain induced voltage, load torque, cogging torque, inductance, flux linkage, iron losses, coil losses, magnet loss, permeance, parameter sensitivity, equivalent circuit model extraction, heat generation, temperature distribution, eccentricity, stress, vibrations, radiated sound, magnetization, demagnetization, and skew effects.
Features Supporting Motor Design
A full range of features allow sophisticated analyses to be performed with ease.
JMAG-Express / Motor Template Tool
- Use a built-in template to specify fundamental design parameters such geometry, materials, winding pattern and circuit excitation.
- Model creation takes minutes, and basic performance metrics such as torque vs speed and efficiency are generated in seconds.
- Users can also create custom templates for their own machines.
- Batch process parametric calculations.
- Templates for PMSMs, IMs, SRMs, brush motors, and universal motors are all included.
Coupled Control/Circuit Simulations
- Evaluate the actual drive effects by connecting the machine model to a circuit model.
- Model arbitrary circuit networks using inductors, capacitors, resistors or diodes.
- Perform analyses by linking to power electronic simulators such as PSIM and MATLAB/Simulink.
- Accurate machine analysis requires an extremely high-quality mesh and JMAG's mesh was specifically developed for machine analysis.
- No matter what geometry you use, just a few simple settings enables the automatic mesh generator to create a high quality mesh.
- The material database contains about 730 types of material properties (BH and loss) directly provided by the material manufactures.
- It is also possible to create a custom material and add it to the database.
- JMAG can account for anisotropy and stress in electrical steels.
- Alternating demagnetization and thermal demagnetization modeling in magnets is also possible.
- Coil settings are easy to apply through an automatic coil winding tool or by manually specifying the coil's input and output slot.
- Influence from the leakage flux on the coil ends or the surrounding housing can be precisely evaluated.
Efficiency Maps and Speed vs Torque Curves for Motors
- Speed versus torque characteristics can be calculated and efficiency maps generated by simply specifying the control type in the JMAG-RT Viewer for machines models created using the JMAG-RT tool.
- The advanced material database allows users to automatically segregate iron losses into eddy current and hysteresis losses.
- It is possible to automatically calculate a machine's inductance.
- A special tool is included that calculates d/q axis inductance for permanent magnet motors.
|965||Ryoji Mizutani: "Application-Oriented Motor Design by using the electromagnetic field analysis in TOYOTA", JMAG Users conference 2014, 2014|


Spline surfaces
We have already learned how to use cubic splines to make curves. We can also use bicubic splines to make surfaces. In this case, rather than defining x,y,z in terms of a single parameter t describing parametric movement along a path, we define x,y,z in terms of two parameters u,v which describe parametric position upon a surface.
This gives us a piece of spline surface that looks like a warped square tile in space. To make more complex spline surfaces, we can piece together multiple tiles, matching their positions and surface normals along the edges between them where they join. This is, for example, how the teapot that I showed in class was made.
The general formulation for a single bicubic surface tile is:
x(u, v) = au3v3 + bu3v2 +... p
with similar equations defining y(u,v) and z(u,v). For each of these equations we need sixteen coefficients [a, b,... p], for all of the sixteen possible products of u and v u3v3 to u3v2 through 1.
Conveniently, we can describe all 16 possible coefficients by the following matrix/vector product:
[u3 u2 u 1]
[v ]
[1 ]
If we refer to the above matrix of coeffients as C, then the above equation looks like this:
U • C • VT
If you have three such 4×4 coeffient matrices, Cx, Cy and Cz, one for each dimension, then you can then evaluate (x,y,z) locations on the bicubic spline surface by iterating over values of u and v:
for (int u = 0.0 ; u <= 1.0 ; u += ε)
for (int v = 0.0 ; v <= 1.0 ; v += ε)
 drawPoint(eval(Cx,u,v), eval(Cy,u,v), eval(Cz,u,v));
Through variations on the above code, you can also draw curved lines along the u,v surface, as well as small polygons which can be shaded and z-buffered. Each of these polygons has four vertices:
{eval(Cx,u+ε,v), eval(Cy,u+ε,v), eval(Cz,u+ε,v)
{eval(Cx,u+ε,v+ε), eval(Cy,u+ε,v+ε), eval(Cz,u+ε,v+ε)
{eval(Cx,u,v+ε), eval(Cy,u,v+ε), eval(Cz,u,v+ε)
Just as with spline curves, we generally want to find coeffients to define the geometry of a spline surface in a way that is convenient to the user, such as a Hermite or Bezier or B-Spline surface description. Then behind the scenes we convert to the polynomial formulation above.
The general trick for doing this conversion is to use the same Hermite, Bezier etc. conversion matrix that we used for spline curves, but to apply it twice: once for u and once for v.
For example, lets say we have a Bezier description of the surface, in which we describe, each of x, y, and z on the surface by sampling u and v every 1/3 unit. This gives a matrix of 16 knot locations in (u,v):
P =
(0/3,0/3) (1/3,0/3) (2/3,0/3) (3/3,0/3)
(0/3,1/3) (1/3,1/3) (2/3,1/3) (3/3,1/3)
(0/3,2/3) (1/3,2/3) (2/3,2/3) (3/3,2/3)
(0/3,3/3) (1/3,3/3) (2/3,3/3) (3/3,3/3)
At each of those locations the x coordinate has a value, as do y and z. Our goal is to convert this matrix into a matrix C of coefficients. Fortunately, this is easy to do, since we can just use our Bezier matrix B on both sides to convert coordinates in both u and v:
[u3 u2 u 1] B P BT
[v ]
[1 ]
When evaluating U • C • VT, we can use use the coefficent matrix given by C = B • P • BT.


(k\)-path in the counterexample (i.e., the value \(k\)) multiplied by the number of \(k\)-paths (i.e., the value of the function \(\widehat{f}_k\)). In the case of the BDD-based BMC by size we mean the number of full iterations needed to find the counterexample. In Tables 3, 4, 5 we denote by IS-k and IIS-k, respectively, the minimal value of the bound in BMC that yields a counterexample for the IS and IIS semantics.
Table 3
The FTC system with \(n\) trains

Verics, SAT-BMC
Verics, BDD-BMC
MCK, SAT-BMC
Formula
IS-k
IIS-k
\(\widehat{f}_k\)
IS-k
IIS-k
IS
\(\varphi _1\)
2
4
2
2
4
3
\(\varphi _2\)
2
4
2
2
4
3
Table 4
The FGPP system with \(n\) nodes

Verics, SAT-BMC
Verics, BDD-BMC
MCK, SAT-BMC
Formula
IS-k
IIS-k
\(\widehat{f}_k\)
IS-k
IIS-k
IS
\(\varphi _1\)
\(2n+2\)
\(2n+2\)
3
\(2n+2\)
\(2n+2\)
\(6n+4\)
\(\varphi _2\)
\(2n+2\)
\(2n+4\)
1
\(2n+1\)
\(2n+3\)
\(6n-1\)
\(\varphi _3\)
4
6
1
3
5
8
\(\varphi _4\)
4
6
2
3
5
5
Table 5
The DC system with \(n\) cryptographers

Verics, SAT-BMC
Verics, BDD-BMC
MCK, SAT-BMC
Formula
IS-k
IIS-k
\(\widehat{f}_k\)
IS-k
IIS-k
IS
\(\varphi _1\)
\(n+4\)
\(4n+1\)
\(n\)
\(n+4\)
\(4n+1\)
7
\(\varphi _2\)
0
0
2
2
\(4n+1\)
1
\(\varphi _3\)
\(n+4\)
\(4n+1\)
\(n+1\)
\(n+4\)
\(4n+1\)
7
The second benchmark we have considered is the faulty generic pipeline paradigm (FGPP)—see Sect. 2.4 for the description of the model. This system is scaled according to the number of its Nodes (agents), i.e., the problem parameter \(n\) is the number of Nodes. The specifications (universal formulae) we consider are as follows:
 - \(\varphi _1\) = \(\mathrm{G}(ProdSend \rightarrow \mathrm{{K}}_{C} \mathrm{{K}}_{P} ConsReady)\)—it states that if Producer produces a commodity, then Consumer knows that Producer knows that Consumer has not received the commodity.
 - \(\varphi _2\) = \(\mathrm{G}(Problem_n \rightarrow (\mathrm{F}Repair_n \vee \mathrm{G}Alarm_nSend ))\)—it expresses that each time a problem occurs at node \(n\), then either it is repaired, or the alarm of node \(n\) is enabled.
 - \(\varphi _3\) = \(\bigwedge _{i=1}^n\mathrm{G}(Problem_i \rightarrow (\mathrm{F}Repair_i \vee \mathrm{G}Alarm_iSend ))\)—it expresses that each time a problem occurs at a node, then either it is repaired or the alarm is on.
 - \(\varphi _4\) = \(\bigwedge _{i=1}^n\mathrm{G}\mathrm{{K}}_{P}(Problem_i \rightarrow (\mathrm{F}Repair_i \vee \mathrm{G}Alarm_iSend))\)—it expresses that Producer knows that each time a problem occurs at a node, then either it is repaired or the alarm is on.
The size of the reachable state space of the FGPP system is \(4\cdot 3^{2n}\), for \(n{\,\geqslant \,}1\). The sizes of the counterexamples for the above formulae, and for all our BMC methods, as well as for MCK are shown in Table 4.
The third benchmark we have considered is the dining cryptographers protocol (DC)—see Sect. 2.4 for the description of the model. This system is scaled according to the number of cryptographers, i.e., the problem parameter \(n\) is the number of cryptographers (together with the coins and the oracles). The specifications (universal formulae) we consider are as follows:
 - \(\varphi _1\) = \(\mathrm{G}(odd \wedge \lnot paid_1 \rightarrow \bigvee _{i=2}^n\mathrm{{K}}_1({paid}_i))\)—it expresses that always when the number of uttered differences is odd, and the first cryptographer has not paid for dinner, then he knows which cryptographer has.
 - \(\varphi _2\) = \(\mathrm{G}(\lnot paid_1 \rightarrow \mathrm{{K}}_1(\bigvee _{i=2}^n {paid}_i))\)—it states that it is always true that if the first cryptographer has not paid for dinner, then he knows that some other cryptographer has.
 - \(\varphi _3\) = \(\mathrm{G}(odd \rightarrow \mathrm{{C}}_{\{ 1,\ldots ,n \}}\lnot (\bigvee _{i=1}^n {paid}_i))\)—it states that always when the number of uttered differences is odd, than it is common knowledge of all the cryptographers that none of the cryptographers has paid for dinner.
The size of the reachable state space of the system is \(3^n + (n + 1) \cdot 2^n \cdot (n + 1 + \sum _{k = 1}^{n} 2 \cdot 3^{n - k} \cdot k )\) for \(n{\,\geqslant \,}3\). The sizes of the counterexamples for the above formulae, and for all our BMC methods, as well as for MCK are shown in Table 5.
4.1 Performance evaluation
The experimental results show that the SAT-based BMC with the IS semantics outperforms the SAT-based BMC with the IIS semantics in both the memory consumption and the execution time (as shown below in the line charts), but for the BDD-based BMC this is the other way around. The reason for this is that the SAT-based BMC with the IS semantics produces a significantly smaller set of clauses (as shown in Table 6), and the SAT solver is given this smaller set. Moreover, the produced set of clauses by the SAT-based BMC with the IS semantics is not only smaller, but also 'easier' for the SAT solver, which further boosts the performance of the SAT-based BMC method with the IS semantics. The reason for the inferiority of the BDD-based BMC with the IS semantics in all of our results most likely follows from the fact that in the IS semantics, the BDD-based approach is faced with larger sets of successors in each iteration, compared to the IIS case.
Table 6
Results for selected witnesses generated by the SAT-based BMC translations
Formula
Semantics
\((\text {Max}^\triangledown \)) nr of components
Length of the witness
Nr of paths
Nr of variables
Nr of clauses
Faulty train controller
 \(\varphi _1\)
IIS
\(650^\triangledown \)
4
2
619982
_PHONE_
 \(\varphi _1\)
IS
650
2
2
250690
618440
 \(\varphi _1\)
IS
\(5500^\triangledown \)
2
2
_PHONE_
_PHONE_
 \(\


text:
The Electro-Magnetic Levitator (EML) is a multi-user facility for material science research onboard the International Space Station (ISS). EML will allow the scientific users to perform a variety of studies with scientific samples in a container-less environment w.r.t. research in the field of meta-stable states and phases as well as measurement of thermo-physical properties. All experiments will be observed by dedicated video cameras.
Kayser Italia has been involved in the development of EML Experiment Control Electronics (ECE) that controls the entire facility and performs all data exchange with ISS Columbus Module. Kayser Italia has also developed the entire Electrical Ground Support Equipment (EGSE) and Thermal Ground Support Equipment (TGSE) for EML-ECE.
In the frame of EML-ECE, Kayser Italia has developed some compact-PCI data acquisition boards both analog and digital. The boards are accommodated in 6U standard c-PCI modules provided of an aluminum frame designed to cool the electronics by conduction. The boards are fully compliant to cPCI standard and can be used also on board commercial mainframes.
EML-ECE included also some Power Distribution Module (PDM) able to route controlled and protected 28VDC to other facility consumers. PDM include onboard special valve/solenoid drivers specifically developed to reduce the overall power consumption. The module is provided of autonomous internal power supply and communicates (HK data and command) via an isolated serial interface. Hardware safety inhibits and controls are also implemented. The PDM is composed by a 6U VME module provided of an aluminum frame designed to cool the electronics by conduction.
In addition, Kayser Italia has developed a special Stepper Motor Controller module (SMC) able to drive up to five different stepper motors. The module is fully configurable via a serial interface allowing the user to select the motor peak current and many other parameters about motor control. That approach reduces the effort of main processor because all driving system is locally controlled by SCM module. The SMC is composed by a 6U VME module provided of an aluminum frame designed to cool the electronics by conduction.


text:
Particle Image Velocimetry With High Power Light Emitting Diodes For Flow Through Porous Medium
Free (open access)
501 - 511
H. M. D. Harshani, S. A. Galindo-Torres, A. Scheuermann
Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is a non-invasive optical measurement technique which has been used for many decades to measure fluid velocity. Conventionally, PIV systems are equipped with a laser system for illuminating the flow field. However, laser systems are expensive, and their usage usually creates specific safety precautions. In this work, we used a low cost LED based illumination system in conjunction with the refractive-index matching method to measure flow velocities in porous media. Hydro jelly beads were used as a transparent porous medium which have the same refractive index as water. The movement of tracer particles which were illuminated by the LED pulse was captured by a high-speed double pulsed camera and the resulting images were processed for receiving the pore-scale fluid velocity. Interstitial velocity vectors averaged over a specified region were presented and compared with the vertical velocity component calculated from the volumetric flow rate. In general, our results demonstrated the usability of LED based PIV system for investigating flow conditions in porous media. The future aim of this study is the investigation of micro-scale seepage induced internal erosion of granular structures.
Particle Image Velocimetry, porous flow, refractive index matching, image analysis


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Can A Kidney Patient Eat Pomengranate
2015-08-19 08:05
Can A Kidney Patient Eat PomengranateCan a kidney patient eat pomengranate or not? Drinking pomengranate juice or eating pomengranate benefits our health and skin in a myriad of ways. Pomengranate has been used for medicinal purposes like diarrhea, high blood pressure and high blood sugar, etc. Kidney disease patients can get the following health benefits from eating pomengranate:
1. Reduce high blood pressure
High blood pressure can be a cause and complication of kidney disease. It can worsen kidney condition and cause further kidney damage. Patients should lower high blood pressure through diet and medical treatment. Pomengranates also known to reduce high blood pressure. Thus, kidney disease patients can eat pomengranate moderately.
2. Alleviate anemia
Anemia is a common sign or symptoms in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Anemia is a condition caused by the deficiency of red blood cells in the body. Since pomengranate juice contains plenty of iron, it is able to surmount the red blood cell deficiency in the body so as to alleviate anemia to some extent.
3. Reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases
Using Pomengranate juice aimed at reducing the high cardiovascular morbidity of CKD patients and their deterioration to end-stage renal disease should be conducted.
Generally speaking, pomengranate can ward off a number of complications in kidney disease patients. However, it is not enough for patients to only eat pomengranate in the treatment of kidney disease. Apart from pomengranate and other healthy foods, kidney disease patients need to take medical treatment. The key point is to repair injured kidneys and improve kidney function. In western medicine, there is no effective way to improve kidney function while Chinese medicines can dilate blood vessels, prevent inflammation and coagulation, degrade extracellular matrix, and provide necessary nutrients so as to promote the self-healing of kidney intrinsic cells and gradually enhance renal function. When kidney function is improved, patients can live a high quality life.
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text:
A Healthy Working Environment For Everyone
- Find an occupational hygienist
- Guidance for employers
- Guidance for occupational hygienists
- The Annals of Occupational Hygiene
How to Find an Occupational Hygienist
- Qualified and experienced occupational hygienists
- Specialist occupational hygiene support services
- UK-wide coverage
- The security of knowing these companies provide consultants who are qualified members of the Faculty of Occupational Hygiene
Although membership of the Faculty of Occupational Hygiene cannot be taken as an endorsement of an individual by BOHS, it does provide the confidence of knowing that entry into the Faculty is via professional examinations which, even at the lowest grade, demonstrate a minimum of three years' practical experience in the comprehensive practice of occupational hygiene.
Why use a professional occupational hygienist?
Employers are required by law to appoint "competent persons" to assist them in complying with their statutory duties in health and safety.
Where specialist expertise is not available within an organisation, employers often contract occupational hygiene support services from external consultants.
Professional occupational hygienists:
- Are trained, experienced and competent in their field
- Use science and engineering to control risks to health, by designing out hazards and applying engineering controls to reduce exposures to a minimum
- Can offer objective, technically valid and impartial advice
- Are bound by the Faculty's Code of Ethics, and are subject to the highest standards of technical and professional integrity
- Are required to participate in CPD schemes to maintain their current levels of knowledge
How to select an occupational hygienist
In selecting an occupational hygienist, and before entering into any contract for services, employers may wish to consider:
- Personal recommendations from colleagues
- The experience of the service provider
- The availability of the provider
- Exactly which individual hygienist will be responsible for managing the contract
- The resources (including back-up capacity) available to the provider
- The cost of the services, including a detailed quotation specifying the project objectives; timescales; deliverables; and cost


text:
Agile Project Management: Step-by-Step Guide to Agile Project Management
راهنمای قدم به قدم مدیریت پروژه چابک
⭕ نویسندگان: Bennett, Jason;Bowen, Jennifer
⭕ سال انتشار: ۲۰۱۸
⭕ تعداد صفحات: ۶۵ صفحه
The theme of the 2018 Hydrology and Water Resources Symposium was "Water and Communities". Internationally respected and local speakers reflected on advances to date, and highlighted the opportunities and challenges to come in the areas of water engineering, hydrology, hydrogeology, research into and management of water resources. Areas of focus for the Symposium included flood risk modelling and management, integrated water management, healthy waterways, informing water policy and operational decisions, understanding water use, doing more with less water, indigenous water values, and community participation and ownership of water issues.


text:
The Surviving Eight are eight prominent heroes who escaped the Rikti War with their lives. They have dedicated themselves to helping Paragon City rebuild after the war devastated much of the area. They help inspire the next generation of heroes, setting an example and helping them however they can.
- Technically, Numina did not survive the war, as she had already been dead for quite some time when it happened.
- Most of the surviving eight comprise the Freedom Phalanx, except for Back Alley Brawler, who founded the Regulators.
- Back Alley Brawler is the only member of the Surviving Eight who is a trainer. The rest offer Task Forces. In order of Security Level, their Task Forces are: Positron, Synapse, Sister Psyche, Citadel, Manticore, Numina, and then Statesman.


name of the stream, the data need not always be html. The purpose of with-http-response is to allow AllegroServe to determine how it will setup streams to respond to the request. AllegroServe will also check to see if the browser already has an up-to-date copy of this page cached in which case it will not even run the code in the body of the with-http-response macro. with-http-body is responsible for sending back the response code and headers, and the body of with-http-body is where lisp code can send data which will be the body of the response.
The preceding example sends a very simple plain text string, specifying the content-type to be "text/plain". Typically you'll want to return an html page. AllegroServe has a very concise macro for creating html. Here's a response function that sends html:
(publish :path "/hello2"
 :content-type "text/html"
 :function
 #'(lambda (req ent)
 (with-http-response (req ent)
 (with-http-body (req ent)
 (html
 (:html (:head (:title "Hello World Test"))
 (:body
 ((:font :color "red") "Hello ")
 ((:font :color "blue") "World!"))))))))
While both of the preceding response functions generate their response at request time, they both send back the exact same response every time. That's not a very good demonstration of dynamic web pages. The following page shows how you can implement a simple counter for the number of accesses:
(publish :path "/hello-count"
 :content-type "text/html"
 :function
 (let ((count 0))
 #'(lambda (req ent)
 (with-http-response (req ent)
 (with-http-body (req ent)
 (html
 (:html
 (:head (:title "Hello Counter"))
 (:body
 ((:font :color (nth (random 5)
 '("red" "blue"
 "green" "purple"
 "black")))
 "Hello World had been called "
 (:princ (incf count))
 " times")))))))))
This page counts the number of accesses and also displays the text in a color it selects randomly.
Publishing a form
A form displays information, has places for the user to enter information, and has one or more ways for the user to signal that he is done entering information and the the form should be processed. There may be more than one form on a web page but the forms can't be nested or overlap.
When the user clicks on the "Submit" (or equivalent) button and the form data is sent by the browser to the web server, the web server has to process that data and return a web page to display on the browser screen. This is an important situation where using Lisp to process the form data is significantly easier than the alternatives (such as the shell, or perl or some other primitive scripting language).
There are three ways that form data is sent to the web browser
 1. Query string - the form data is appended to the url, with a question mark separating the path of the url from the form data. This is the default way that form data is returned. It's fine for small amounts of data, and it allows the user to bookmark the result of filling out a form.
 2. Encoded in the body of the request - If the form specifies the POST method is to be used to return the data, then the data is encoded and placed in the body of the request after the headers. This allows the form data to be huge.
 3. Multipart body - in this scheme, the data from the web browser looks like a multipart MIME message. This is commonly used when the form data consists of complete files, since in this case you want to pass along the name of the file (which is in the MIME header) and you don't want to pay the cost of encoding the contents of the file.
The three attributes of a :form tag that determine how data is sent to the server are:
 1. :method - this is either "GET" (the default) or "POST". When "GET" is used the data will be sent as a query string.
 2. :enctype - this is either "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" (the default) or is "multipart/form-data" if you want the data sent as a multipart body. The value of this attribute only matters if the :method is set to "POST".
 3. :action - this is the url to which the request with the data is sent. With AllegroServe it's often convenient to make this url the same as the url of the entity that created the form, and have the entity handling function determine whether it is being called to display the form or to handle the results of filling out the form.
Let's examine in detail each of the methods for sending form data:
Form data in a query string
In a url like _URL_ the characters after the question mark are the query-string. The query string is not used by AllegroServe to determine the entity to handle the request. When the entity begins processing the request it can ask for the request-query of the request object. request-query will return an assoc list where the car of each entry is a string (e.g. "name" in the example) and the cdr is also a string (e.g. "gen" in the example). You can ask for the request-query of any request object and if there is no query string for the request, request-query will return nil.
This is a typical entity handler that generates a form and handles the result of filling out the form:
(publish :path "/queryform"
 :content-type "text/html"
 :function
 #'(lambda (req ent)
 (let ((name (cdr (assoc "name" (request-query req)
 :test #'equal))))
 (with-http-response (req ent)
 (with-http-body (req ent)
 (if* name
 then ; form was filled out, just say name
 (html (:html
 (:head (:title "Hi to " (:princ-safe name)))
 (:body "Your name is "
 (:b (:princ-safe name)))))
 else ; put up the form
 (html (:html
 (:head (:title "Tell me your name"))
 (:body
 ((:form :action "queryform")
 "Your name is "
 ((:input :type "text"
 :name "name"
 :maxlength "20"))))))))))))
In the function above we first check to see what value is associated wtih the tag "name" in the query string. If there is a name then we know that we've been called after the form was filled out, so we process the form data, which in this case means just printing out the name. Note that we use :princ-safe to display the name in html. It's important to use :princ-safe instead of :princ in situations like this where we are printing a string that may contain characters special to html. In the :action attribute for the :form we specified "queryform" instead of "/queryform" since it's best to keep all urls relative rather than absolute in order to make it possible to access the pages through a proxy server that might prepend a string to the root of the url. We could have separated the functionality in the above example so that one entity handler put up the form and another one processed the form. For simple forms it just seems simpler to do it all with one url and one entity function.
Form data encoded in the request body
When the data from the form is very large or it's important to hide it from view in the url, the typical method to accomplish this is to specify the "POST" method for the form. In this case the data for the form appears in the body of the request. There are two supported encodings of the form data in the body. In this section we'll describe how to handle the default encoding, called: "application/x-www-form-urlencoded". First you must call get-request-body to read and return the body of the request. Second you must call form-urlencoded-to-query to convert the encoded body into an assoc list, where every entry is a cons consisting of a string naming the value and then the string containing the value.
The following sample shows a single entity handler function that can put up a form and can process data from the form. It isn't necessary to use the same handler for putting up and processing the data from a form. In this example we create a form with a big box for entering text. We invite the user to enter text in the box and click on a button when he is finished. At that point the entity handler gets and decodes the body of the request, and finds the data from the text box.


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OFR 2011-01
Review of Metallic Mineralization in Alberta with Emphasis on Gold Potential
Abstract: This report summarizes the history of metallic mineral exploration and the inventory of gold occurrences in Alberta, based on the publicly available data. It also examines the origin and future potential of several distinct types of gold-bearing mineralization in terms of their origin and future exploration potential, and compares these occurrences in Alberta with similar deposits elsewhere.Alberta's complex bedrock geology favours several distinct types of metallic mineralization with trace to significant amounts of gold. The documented precious- and base-metal mineral occurrences and geochemical anomalies indicate significant metallogenic potential for 1) the Precambrian shield and Athabasca Basin in the northeast and 2) several metallogenic intervals related to syndepositional rifting, orogenies and recurrent magmatism and hydrothermal activity during Western Canada Sedimentary Basin deposition in the rest of the province. Place Keywords 72e 72l 72m 73d 73e 73l 73m 74d 74e 74l 74m 82g 82h 82i 82j 82n 82o 82p 83a 83b 83c 83d 83e 83f 83g 83h 83i 83j 83k 83l 83m 83n 83o 83p 84a 84b 84c 84d 84e 84f 84g 84h 84i 84j 84k 84l 84m 84n 84o 84p alberta canada Theme Keywords alberta foothills alberta plains alberta rocky mountains base metals bedrock canadian shield colorado group geochemical gold magmatism metallic minerals mineral occurrences mining placer gold precious metals
Rukhlov, A.S. 2011-01-31


text: We present a framework for training GANs with explicit control over generated facial images. We are able to control the generated image by settings exact attributes such as age, pose, expression, etc. Most approaches for manipulating GAN-generated images achieve partial control by leveraging the latent space disentanglement properties, obtained implicitly after standard GAN training. Such methods are able to change the relative intensity of certain attributes, but not explicitly set their values. Recently proposed methods, designed for explicit control over human faces, harness morphable 3D face models (3DMM) to allow fine-grained control capabilities in GANs. Unlike these methods, our control is not constrained to 3DMM parameters and is extendable beyond the domain of human faces. Using contrastive learning, we obtain GANs with an explicitly disentangled latent space. This disentanglement is utilized to train control-encoders mapping human-interpretable inputs to suitable latent vectors, thus allowing explicit control. In the domain of human faces we demonstrate control over identity, age, pose, expression, hair color and illumination. We also demonstrate control capabilities of our framework in the domains of painted portraits and dog image generation. We demonstrate that our approach achieves state-of-the-art performance both qualitatively and quantitatively.


TY - JOUR AU - Formanek, Roman AU - Kysela, Bohus AU - Sulc, Radek PY - 2019/05/31 Y2 - 2021/03/04 TI - Drop Size Evolution Kinetics in a Liquid-liquid Dispersions System in a Vessel Agitated by a Rushton Turbine JF - Chemical Engineering Transactions VL - 74 SP - _PHONE_ SE - Research Articles DO - 10.3303/CET1974174 UR - _URL_ AB - Processes in which mixing plays a crucial role in increasing mass transfer, interfacial surface, and homogenization are frequently and widely used throughout the industry. Agitation of immiscible liquids or solid-liquid suspensions is a frequent operation in chemical and metallurgical industry. The aim of this contribution is to study drop size evolution kinetics in a liquid-liquid dispersion system in a vessel agitated by a Rushton turbine and to analyze the homogeneity of the dispersed system in a volume of the agitated vessel. The homogeneity of liquid-liquid dispersion in a volume of a mixed system was determined by comparison of Sauter mean diameters and drop size distribution (DSD) from different measured regions. The sizes of drops were obtained from the images captured by a camera system and were processed by the Image Analysis method. ER -


You are viewing the version of this documentation from Perl 5.6.0. View the latest version
values HASH
Returns a list consisting of all the values of the named hash. (In a scalar context, returns the number of values.) The values are returned in an apparently random order. The actual random order is subject to change in future versions of perl, but it is guaranteed to be the same order as either the keys or each function would produce on the same (unmodified) hash.
Note that you cannot modify the values of a hash this way, because the returned list is just a copy. You need to use a hash slice for that, since it's lvaluable in a way that values() is not.
for (values %hash) { s/foo/bar/g } # FAILS!
for (_USER_{keys %hash}) { s/foo/bar/g } # ok
As a side effect, calling values() resets the HASH's internal iterator. See also keys, each, and sort.


How many people have OCD in Australia?
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) | Ausmed
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental illness as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-5-TR. OCD is estimated to affect about 3% of Australians in their lifetime - that's more than 500,000 people.
Takedown request | View complete answer on healthdirect.gov.au
How many people does OCD affect in Australia?
around 3 per cent of Australians experience OCD in their lifetime.
Takedown request | View complete answer on beyondblue.org.au
What percent of the population had OCD?
The worldwide prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is approximately 2% of the general population.
Takedown request | View complete answer on pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
What are the current statistics of OCD?
OCD has a worldwide prevalence of between 1% and 2%. In the United States, about 2.2% of the population will experience OCD sometime during their lives. Rates of OCD were found to be higher with women (1.8%) than men (0.5%).
Takedown request | View complete answer on crossrivertherapy.com
How many cases of OCD are there a year?
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) affects approximately 2.2 million adults in the US each year, which adds up to 1.0% of the US population.
Takedown request | View complete answer on blackbearrehab.com
Understanding Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
32 related questions found
How rare is OCD?
Prevalence of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Among Adults
An estimated 1.2% of U.S. adults had OCD in the past year. Past year prevalence of OCD was higher for females (1.8%) than for males (0.5%).
Takedown request | View complete answer on nimh.nih.gov
Is OCD totally curable?
Obsessive-compulsive disorder treatment may not result in a cure, but it can help bring symptoms under control so that they don't rule your daily life. Depending on the severity of OCD , some people may need long-term, ongoing or more intensive treatment.
Takedown request | View complete answer on mayoclinic.org
How common is OCD 2022?
About 2.3% of the population has OCD. Although debilitating, OCD stats show that treatment is effective. By SingleCare Team | Updated on Feb.
Takedown request | View complete answer on singlecare.com
When does OCD peak?
OCD has peaks of onset at two different life phases: pre-adolescence and early adulthood. Around the ages of 10 to 12 years, the first peak of OCD cases occur. This time frequently coincides with increasing school and performance pressures, in addition to biologic changes of brain and body that accompany puberty.
Takedown request | View complete answer on arcvic.org.au
Where is OCD most common in the world?
Industrial and population juggernaut China reports a higher percentage of OCD compared to the global average, with 1.63% of the population facing the disorder.
Takedown request | View complete answer on brainsway.com
Is OCD genetic or learned?
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a serious psychiatric disorder that affects approximately 2% of the populations of children and adults. Family aggregation studies have demonstrated that OCD is familial, and results from twin studies demonstrate that the familiality is due in part to genetic factors.
Takedown request | View complete answer on ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Is OCD inherited or developed?
Is OCD Inherited? Research shows that OCD does run in families, and that genes likely play a role in the development of the disorder. Genes appear to be only partly responsible for causing the disorder, though.
Takedown request | View complete answer on iocdf.org
Can you grow out of OCD?
While some kids may fully outgrow their OCD, many won't. Most experts consider OCD to be a chronic condition that, once you have it, sticks around for the long term.
Takedown request | View complete answer on katielear.com
Is it hard to live with OCD?
It can be difficult, demanding and exhausting to live with a person who has OCD. Family members and friends may become deeply involved in the person's rituals and may have to assume responsibility and care for many daily activities that the person with OCD is unable to undertake.
Takedown request | View complete answer on betterhealth.vic.gov.au
Which disorder is the most prevalent in Australia?
Anxiety disorders (such as Social Phobia) are the most common type of disorder, affecting 1 in 6 (17%, or 3.3 million) Australians, followed by Affective disorders (such as Depressive Episode) (8%), and Substance Use disorders (such as Alcohol Dependence) (3.
Takedown request | View complete answer on aihw.gov.au
What is the root cause of OCD?
Experts aren't sure of the exact cause of OCD. Genetics, brain abnormalities, and the environment are thought to play a role. It often starts in the teens or early adulthood. But, it can also start in childhood.
Takedown request | View complete answer on hopkinsmedicine.org
Does life expectancy change with OCD?
The risk of death by natural or unnatural causes was significantly higher among persons with OCD (MRR, 1.68 [95% CI, 1.31–2.12] for natural causes; MRR, 2.61 [95% CI, 1.91–3.47] for unnatural causes) than among the general population.
Takedown request | View complete answer on ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Who does OCD affect the most?
Risk Factors. OCD is a common disorder that affects adults, adolescents, and children all over the world. Most people are diagnosed by about age 19, typically with an earlier age of onset in boys than in girls, but onset after age 35 does happen.
Takedown request | View complete answer on nimh.nih.gov
Does OCD ease with age?
Symptoms fluctuate in severity from time to time, and this fluctuation may be related to the occurrence of stressful events. Because symptoms usually worsen with age, people may have difficulty remembering when OCD began, but can sometimes recall when they first noticed that the symptoms were disrupting their lives.
Takedown request | View complete answer on med.upenn.edu
Should I be worried if I have OCD?
OCD thoughts aren't simply excessive worries about real problems in your life or liking to have things clean or arranged in a specific way. If your obsessions and compulsions are affecting your quality of life, see your doctor or mental health professional.
Takedown request | View complete answer on mayoclinic.org
Can you get a brain scan for OCD?
Brain scans may be helpful in showing the differences in the structure and function of brain regions in individuals with OCD. Such studies can provide new targets for the treatment of OCD.
Takedown request | View complete answer on therecoveryvillage.com
At what age does OCD start?
OCD can start at any time from preschool to adulthood. Although OCD can occur at any age, there are generally two age ranges when OCD tends to first appears: Between the ages 8 and 12. Between the late teen years and early adulthood.
Takedown request | View complete answer on iocdf.org
How do you break OCD?
25 Tips for Succeeding in Your OCD Treatment
 1. Always expect the unexpected. ...
 2. Be willing to accept risk. ...
 3. Never seek reassurance from yourself or others. ...
 4. Always try hard to agree with all obsessive thoughts — never analyze, question, or argue with them. ...
 5. Don't waste time trying to prevent or not think your thoughts.
Takedown request | View complete answer on iocdf.org
Can life go back to normal after OCD?
Getting the correct diagnosis, or even just recognizing you have OCD, often takes years. Then comes the search for appropriate treatment, followed by a long-term commitment to therapy and hard work. We know recovery is possible, but it is rarely a "quick fix."
Takedown request | View complete answer on psychcentral.com
Can I treat OCD on my own?
The only way to beat OCD is by experiencing and psychologically processing triggered anxiety (exposure) until it resolves on its own—without trying to neutralize it with any safety-seeking action (response or ritual prevention).
Takedown request | View complete answer on psychologytoday.com


How to Remove a Stuck Brake Rotor
Last Updated on July 16, 2021
A brake rotor is a circular disk that is remains connected with each wheel of the vehicle. The responsibility of a brake rotor is to turn the kinetic energy into thermal energy. In another word, when you are driving a car and you use brake pedals, the brake pads create friction on the large surface of the rotor and gradually your car loses its' speed.
Thus, the brake rotor slows down the speed of your vehicle and shift the energy into heat and the car stops. If the brake rotor fails to do its job then the driver might face a horrible situation ahead. That is the reason that the Brake rotors should be kept under regular maintenance.
However, it may happen that your vehicle's brake rotor gets stuck. In this case, you don't have any option except to remove it. That's why it is recommended to know how to remove a stuck brake rotor
In this article, I will be talking about the methods that will talk about how you can remove your vehicle's stuck brake rotor.
In general, there are three methods following which you can remove your vehicle's stuck brake rotor. I will talk about each method. You may go for anyone that makes you feel comfortable and easy.
Inspect the condition of your stuck brake rotor:
At the very first, you will have to check the condition of your stuck brake rotor. You may face many scenarios when you need to remove your brake rotor for maintenance issues such as exchanging, repairing, you may find your brake rotor got stuck.
Because the rust and continuous erosion can help the rotor to weld itself with the wheel hub. It becomes tough to remove the rotor in this condition. The methods given below are some of the techniques to make the procedure easier.
Methods to Remove a Stuck Brake Rotor
Rotor Puller Method
In this method firstly, you will have to use a generous amount of penetrative lubricant which will easier the procedure. After applying lubricant, you will have to wait a bit. When the lubricant is soaked, then you have to jump into the next phase of this method.
Secondly, you have to attach the three-arm rotor puller with the hub and the back of the rotor. Then, you have to create pressure by gradually tightening the bolt of the arm puller. The pressure will pull the rotor from the rusted surface.
If you find the rotor welded itself with the hub due to rust, then there is a possibility that the rotor will come apart in pieces as a large amount of force was applied to it. Once you will remove the rotor, then you should use the sandpaper on its' surface.
Rubber Mallet Method
In the second method, at first, you have to use a generous amount of penetrative lubricant on the rotor and the wheel hub. After it is confirmed that the lubricant is soaked perfectly, you have to apply the next step. Pretty much similar to the above-mentioned method.
Now, you will have to take a large rubber mallet and hit the rotor from both sides (rear side and front side). The amount of force given by the rubber mallet should be enough to remove the stock rotor. After applying force a few times, the brake rotor is supposed to come out easily. Once the brake rotor will be removed, then it should be polished with sandpaper.
Acetylene Torch Method
The last method in my list, Well, the starting procedure is the same again. Again, you have to use a generous amount of penetrative lubricant and lubricate the hub bearing. After applying the lubricant, you have to wait few minutes so that the lubricant is soaked well and ready to work. Then you will have to use a large rubber mallet and hit the rotor from the front side and backside.
Secondly, you have to light the acetylene torch to apply heat to the wheel hub face and around the wheel hub studs. After some time, you will have to strike the rotor with a rubber mallet. This might take some attempts before the brake rotor is fully removed. Once you will get the rotor removed from the wheel hub, you should sandpaper on its' surface to clear the rust and other elements.
Video: 5 Methods to Remove a Stuck Brake rotor
I have published many guides on brake rotors & pads on this site. Below are some of those you might like:
How to Remove a Stuck Brake Rotor
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