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Pedestrian And Traffic Barriers: Regulations, Standards, And Best Practices
Beyond the general duty clause that requires employers to keep workers safe from recognized hazards and 29 CFR 1910.176(a), which requires sufficient safe clearances around mechanical handling equipment and appropriately marked permanent aisles and passageways, the Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) offers no written regulations surrounding the use of pedestrian and traffic barriers. That's why, in "The Purpose of Pedestrian and Traffic Barriers," a webinar presented by the members of the Protective Guarding Manufacturers Association (ProGMA), best practices for the design and use of these systems were discussed. Additionally, the contents of the newly published standard for crash-testing of industrial guardrails and barriers were explored.
Among the best practices reviewed, the presenters recommended considering safety guarding placement during the earliest phases of a facility design project. Key points included to look for areas where material handling equipment and pedestrians might interact as locations where designated walkways, delineated with guardrails, be established. A plan that segregates forklift traffic areas from pedestrian and other non-traffic areas with guarding should also be considered. Further, when placing equipment—such as machinery or racking—it is important to leave extra space around the system to ensure adequate square footage for guarding to prevent a forklift impact.
To help purchasers be assured that the pedestrian and traffic barriers they install will be sufficiently strong enough to withstand potential impact forces ProGMA recently published a new standard, "ANSI MHI31.2-2021 – Test Method for Crash Testing Industrial Guardrail Barriers and Barrier Posts." The webinar presenters discussed the primary sections of the document, including how the test should be set up for uniform, comparable results; how and why deflection zones are measured; what impact ratings can be given; and which testing facilities are certified.
To conclude the session, key factors for selecting the most appropriate guardrail solution were overviewed. These include:
- What is the environment in which the guardrail will be installed?
- What is to be protected?
- What are the weights and travel speeds of the vehicles used in the facility?
- What are the impact zone heights?
- What is the maximum angle of approach?
- What is the strength of the floor to which the guardrail will be bolted?
- How far away from the protection zone should the guardrail be placed?
Looking for more information about guardrails and protective barriers? The members of the Protective Guarding Manufacturers Association (ProGMA) are available for guidance and recommendations.


Pre-processing and Drying Woody Biomass
Pre-processing and drying woody biomass are important issues to address in every situation. They particularly affect transportation costs and combustion efficiency at the end-use location. Both should address four critical characteristics of biomass: particle size, moisture content, grit contamination, and wood quality. Woody biomass is typically pre-processed during or after a timber harvest operation and may be dried after a harvest but before transport to facilitate efficient transport, material handling, and utilization. While there are a number of woody biomass pre-processing and drying method options, optimum treatment of the biomass depends on the characteristics of the material, the end-use, and site management requirements. This fact sheet provides a brief description of the various pre-processing and drying technologies. It also discusses advantages and disadvantages of each technology.
Comminution. The most common woody biomass pre-processing operation is comminution by chipper, grinder or shredder. The choice and location of a comminution device in the woody biomass fuel supply chain are among the most important components of a processing supply system for woody biomass (1). Factors affecting comminution choices include customer requirements for the raw material, total woody biomass volume, forest stand characteristics and nature of the road network, accessibility and equipment at the end-user reception facility, and feasibility of creating terminals for efficient handling and storage without incurring excessive additional haul distances.
The end user defines the desired particle size of woody biomass. A rule of thumb is that the size must be small enough to be conveyed without the material binding up or bridging. These problems occur when comminuted material, particularly wet or green material, mats together, making it hard for a chip van's moving floors to work properly. Several biomass power plants in the U.S. have material specifications that provide for nominal, 3-inch material. Almost all of the material pieces are three inches or less in any dimension.
Chippers. Chippers cut woody material with a slicing action. They make up most of the woody biomass size-reduction equipment in use today and are characterized by high output, high-speed cutting knives. Most chippers have the capacity to blow chips into transport trailers for hauling (Image 1). They rely on sharp knives and, unfortunately, are susceptible to knife wear from high soil content, metal contamination, rocks, and stone. Chippers are well integrated into existing timber harvesting systems.
Image 1. In-woods Chipper source: Michael Westbrook, University of Georgia
Chippers are customarily placed either off-road, at the timber harvest landing, or on-site at the mill or plant. Chippers placed at the landing are often mounted on trucks. Loading custom chip vehicles at the landing is a highly sensitive and costly system because the material being shipped has a high moisture content. Chipping relies on the smooth functioning of all steps in the woody biomass supply chain. Downtime is costly when a delay occurs at the chipper, on the truck or at the facility. This problem is greatest when a container system or custom chip vehicle is used.
Off-road woody biomass chipping is an alternative method. Piles of logging residues left by the harvester or feller/buncher are chipped in late summer or early autumn at the logging site. This method is used to moderate the supply of wood chips during periods of low demand that often exist in the southern U.S. It produces high-quality biomass at a competitive cost because the biomass is allowed time to dry. Off-road woody biomass chipping is not practiced very much in the Southeast because it is a capital-intensive, two-pass system with high operational and transportation costs. However, it may provide a niche opportunity for independent contractors, separate from the conventional harvest, specializing in the recovery of woody biomass.
Use of a large mobile or stationary woody biomass chipper or crusher at the end use plant is another option. This method can save two-thirds of the cost associated with conventional off-road chipping at the logging site because of economies of scale, and powerful equipment can be used (2). Offsetting the advantages are increased noise levels at the plant, and the need for storage of uncomminuted woody biomass. (Image 2)
Image 2. Stationary Chipper source: Dale Greene, University of Georgia
Grinders. Grinders reduce woody biomass particles in size by repeatedly pounding them into smaller pieces through a combination of tensile, shear and compressive forces. Most are derivatives of hammer mills and include horizontal feed grinders (Image 3). Grinders accept a wider range of piece sizes. They will even accept short, non-oriented pieces including stumps, tops, brush, and large forked branches. Grinders rely on hitting a piece of wood often enough to finally break it into the desired size, usually with high speed rotating hammers. They require more energy than chippers per ton of output. Additionally, excessive soil contamination can increase internal wear.
Image 3. Horizontal Grinder source: Dale Greene, University of Georgia
Shredders. Shredders are slow-speed rip/ shear devices, used widely in comminuting trees removed at residential and commercial construction sites. Material is pinched between rotating devices and ripped apart or sheared (Image 4). Shredders are used where significant contamination is evident because the internal parts are slow moving. It avoids damage due to metal, rock, or concrete. They are not widely used in woody biomass operations because their capital cost is high and the particle size is larger and less uniform than a chipper can achieve. Material from shredders may require further size reduction if used as a biomass product.
Image 4. Shredder source: Ben Jackson, University of Georgia
Bundler and Composite Residue Log (CRL) Operations. Bundlers collect, compress, and bind forest residues into cylindrical bundles about 2 feet in diameter and 10 feet long (Image 5). This simplifies handling forest residues by compacting loose slash into a form that resembles a log. The bundling process enables forest residues to be shipped to conversion centers for more efficient size reduction. Woody residue material needs to be properly deposited on the ground to allow efficient bundling. While forest residue bundling is an attractive alternative, it is not currently cost effective. Please see "Forms of Biomass Feedstock for Bioenergy and Bio-based Products" for additional information about CRLs.
Image 5. John Deere 1490d Energy Wood Harvester source: Bob Rummer, USDAForest Service
After felling, the moisture content found in woody biomass depends largely on post-harvest handling and storage conditions. Moisture may be lost by transpiration drying, through foliage or open wood surfaces. The rate of woody biomass drying depends on many factors, including ambient temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, season, rainfall pattern, tree species, and tree size. In the South, the best season for drying is usually the summer.
Transpiration drying, also known as "leaf seasoning" and "biological drying," occurs when felled trees are left for several weeks with the tops, branches, and leaves intact (3). The foliage continues to pull water out of the bole through transpiration until it dies and falls completely off the tree. Such drying can be successful with most tree species. Excessive precipitation or low temperatures may hinder the efficiency of transpiration drying, if on-site storage is extended to late fall or even until winter in temperate countries (4). Additionally, there are added costs in allowing woody biomass to dry before processing. Capital is tied up in the drying material. Moving equipment to the site is expensive to collect, pre-process, and transport the woody biomass.
An additional step to facilitate faster woody biomass drying is the use of a prototype roller crusher. The machine crushes smaller diameter stems and facilitates drying by opening the biomass to the transpiration drying effect. This step is costly financially. Additionally, crushing introduces a significant amount of dirt into woody biomass, which can affect pre-processing and conversion.
Summary and Conclusions
A variety of possibilities exist for pre-processing and drying. Table 1 summarizes some of the advantages and disadvantages of each system.
Table 1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Comminution Systems
1 Hakkila, P. 1989. Utilization of residual forest biomass. Berlin: Springer: 568p.
3 Stokes, B.J.; McDonald, T.P.; Kelley, T. 1993. Transpirational drying and costs for transporting woody biomass — a preliminary review. IEA/BATask IX, Activity 6: Transport and Handling. New Brunswick, CN: IEA: 76-91.
4 Lehtikangas, P.; R. Jirjis. 1993a. Storage of softwood logging residues in windrows under variable conditions. Report No 235. Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet : Institute for Virkeslara: 45 p.


Are you a Philadelphia-based artist? We want to hear from you on the following questions!
 - What is the future of place-based public art?
 - How can art help our communities heal, inspire, build trust and understanding?
 - How can it empower and lift up the voices of minority communities?
 - How can it tell stories that need to be told?
 - How can art connect us and create critical conversations about the meaning of our neighborhoods, cities, and our country?
PHDC and The Knight Foundation are working together to turn these questions into an opportunity for local artists.
ART IS ESSENTIAL: Philly Artists Connecting Communities is an initiative intended to put artists at the forefront of the conversation about the role of public art in communities. ART IS ESSENTIAL was conceived as an opportunity for artists to respond, react to and reclaim how communities work together to address the problems we face today.
100 selected artists will receive $1000 each for sharing their ideas. The deadline to apply is October 7 by 5 p.m. To support artists considering an application, below are some frequently asked questions:
Do I have to have a project ready to be implemented?
No. To start we just want ideas. Describe your idea in less than 500 words. Include the medium, how community members can interact with the art, and how it will amplify under-represented voices. Also submit a 500-word biography, and that's it.
Who can apply?
Everyone and anyone with an idea can apply, as long as you live in the City of Philadelphia! We are hoping to hear from residents of all experience levels, regardless of formal background or age. We encourage applications from artists who may not consider themselves to be public artists. The opportunity is also open to current students. Groups or collectives are welcome too. Collaborators on one idea should submit one application.
Is there an ideal application or applicant?
We do not have any preconceived notions about what these ideas should be. The ideal applicant is someone who creatively expresses their idea about engagement.
What is needed to apply?
Two short statements are required to apply. First is a brief written description of the idea. The second is a short narrative biography describing the life experience that draws you to this work. If it is helpful to include more visual materials to further describe your idea, that is welcome. Sketches, images, audio, or video files to describe the idea or to highlight past work that speaks to the idea may be included.
The funding for this phase is meant to support idea sharing, not implementation. Later phases will provide additional funding to support the development of these ideas.


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The University of Maine at Machias
Self-timed circuits present an attractive solution to the problem of process variation. However, implementing self-timed combinational logic is complex and expensive. In particular, mapping large function blocks into cell-libraries is difficult as decomposing gates introduces new signals which may violate indication. This paper presents a novel method for implementing any m-of-n encoded function block using \"Bounded gates\", where any gate may be decomposed without violating indication. This is achieved by successively decomposing the input encoding into smaller m-of-n codes.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


A 54-Year-Old Man Died After Eating A Bag And A Half Of Licorice Every Day For A Few Weeks
By Mayukh Saha / Truth Theory
In a bizarre turn of events, a 54 years old Massachusetts man has reportedly died after eating too much Licorice candy. The doctors confirmed that the rush of sugar had damaged his heart function.
The 54 years old man had been eating around a bag and a half of licorice candy each day for many weeks. This, naturally, resulted in nutrients imbalance.
A cardiologist from Massachusetts, Neel Butala, took up the case in a Medicine Journal. He warned people of the dangers of overloading sugar. He added that even a tiny bit of licorice can result in significant blood pressure increase.
The US Food and Drug officials announced that eating two ounces of black licorice for 12 days can results in heart rhythm issues for 40 and over individuals.
What Makes Black Licorice So Dangerous?
As per medical experts, the main ingredient that makes black licorice so deadly is the glycyrrhizic acid. This ingredient is present in other food items that use licorice root as well.
Your potassium levels drop when you consume too much glycyrrhizic acid. That's because it does not let your body absorb adequate potassium. And, for a healthy functioning heart, one needs an appropriate balance of sodium and potassium. When the potassium level drops, the sodium level increases substantially. This causes heart rhythm problems and increased blood pressure.
Another leading cardiologist from the University of Colorado, Dr. Robert Eckel, further explained that it's not just the licorice candy that's dangerous. He said that any food item that uses the licorice root can cause similar issues. Some other popular food items include licorice teas, jelly beans, etc.
Furthermore, Dr. Eckel added that the Belgian beers and even some types of chewing tobacco contain this dangerous compound. Dr. Eckel was formerly the president of the American Heart Association.
Health experts say, however, that the Massachusetts case was an extreme one. The 54 years old man has switched to black licorice from the red twists. The man had gone to eat at a fast-food restaurant when he had a blackout. The emergency services gave him CPR. He revived only to die the following day. Reports found that his potassium levels were fatally low.
Massachusetts Case Reported To FDA In Hopes To Bring Awareness
As per Dr. Butala, a maximum of 3.1 percent glycyrrhizic acid is allowed in a food item. However, licorice and many other candies don't reveal how much of this compound they have per ounce.
Jeff Beckmann from Hershey states that all their food items are safe to consume but needs to be eaten in moderation. The Hershey Company manufactures licorice candies.
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Films > Empowerment
12 Cameras: Haitian Women Share their LivesAlessandra Villaamil
Filmmaker's website: _URL_
Film DescriptionThere are an estimated 80,000 Haitian migrants, mostly women and mostly undocumented, living and working in the Dominican Republic. These women are easy targets for trafficking and exploitation. They face the constant fear of arbitrary deportation. Their Dominican-born children are denied citizenship, legal identity, valid passports and are largely denigrated by Dominican society. The Haitian migrant women featured in the documentary were taught by industry professionals to use digital cameras and audio recorders to become efficient storytellers in their communities. The women produced 12 stories of hope and struggle, discrimination and poverty as they claim their children's rights to civil existence.
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source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Educators are busy. Our work is demanding physically and mentally. In a 10 month school year, it's easy to get caught up in a routine and 'take days off' cognitively. Let's not get in the habit of doing this because our kids deserve the best 'us' we can give everyday.
'Each day of our lives we make deposits in the memory banks of our children (C. Swindoll)'
Despite the length of an entire school year, we need to bring our 'A' games each day. Reflection can help us with this task. Here are 3 reflective questions to ask yourself daily:
- What worked today?
- How do I know it worked?
- What are my next steps?
Being reflective puts you in a continuous cycle of learning and improvement. Reflection assesses your knowledge, attitude, behavior, and skills as it relates to content and kids.
We ask students to monitor their learning and self-assess, so we should do the same.


Detective Lavender Mystery Books In Order
Publication Order of Detective Lavender Mysteries Books
The Missing Heiress aka The Heiress of Linn Hagh(2012)Hardcover Paperback Kindle
The Mystery of the Skelton Diamonds(2014)Hardcover Paperback Kindle
The Piccadilly Pickpocket(2015)Hardcover Paperback Kindle
The Sans Pareil Mystery(2015)Hardcover Paperback Kindle
The Sculthorpe Murder(2016)Hardcover Paperback Kindle
Plague Pits & River Bones(2018)Hardcover Paperback Kindle
Murder in Park Lane(2019)Hardcover Paperback Kindle
The Death of Irish Nell(2019)Hardcover Paperback Kindle
The Willow Marsh Murder(2020)Hardcover Paperback Kindle
Death at the Frost Fair(2020)Hardcover Paperback Kindle
The Detective Lavender Mystery series is a collection of novels from Karen Charlton that explore the adventures of two members of the Bow Street Runners, a police force of sorts that existed in Regency England.
+The Story
'Catching the Eagle' was one of Karen Charlton's earliest works. The book came about when the author and her family went digging into their ancestry. She was surprised to learn that Jamie Charlton, an ancestor on her husband's side, had been quite the criminal.
This inspired Karen to write a story set in Regency England and which looked at the manner in which mysteries were solved at the time. The book told the story of a farm laborer by the names of Jamie Charlton who was accused of stealing a considerable sum.
'Catching the Eagle' matters because it marked the first appearance of Detective Stephen Lavender, a principal officer of the Bow Street Magistrate's court who was called in to investigate the situation.
Detective Stephen Lavender and Constable Ned Woods were just supporting characters when they were first introduced. However, with the relative success of 'Catching the Eagle', Karen Charlton decided to spin them off into their own story, creating the Detective Lavender Mystery series.
The books take place in England in the early 1800s. The protagonists are written to operate as part of the Bow Street Runners, the creation of a Chief Magistrate in London by the names of Henry Fielding, working essentially as the first professional police force in the area.
Stephen Lavender was a real person, a historical figure who people might stumble upon if they dig into court cases from that time period. Karen Charlton took this individual and fleshed him out to create a fully realized character that fights crime in the 1800s.
Detective Lavender is a strong, intelligent and pretty well off individual. He has a good head on his shoulders and it looks like he comes from a privileged section of society. When he is first introduced, the detective is in his early thirties, however, he is so stuffy and cardboard in the way he acts that many readers have admitted to initially confusing him for a much older individual.
Ned Woods is Lavender's opposite, a constable that shouldn't have anything to do with Detective Lavender's murder cases but who keeps getting roped into the renowned officer's business.
Woods and Lavender are best friends, even though that doesn't always seem like the case. Of the two, Woods is the nice one. He is warm and earthy and kind. He generally puts people at ease.
And as the talker of the duo, he tends to do most of the interacting with witnesses and victims. People are happy to invite Woods into their lives. With Lavender, things are a little more complicated.
Lavender is prone to disappearing into his mind and getting lost in his thoughts and ruminations. He has a tendency to put people off and to make them feel like he is disregarding them.
This is partially the reason why their partnership works. Woods might not be the smartest cookie in the jar but he has the tact necessary to get information out of people. Lavender's social skills are a little lacking but he knows how to put information together to form cogent conclusions.
While Lavender and Woods normally drive the mystery aspect of the Detective Lavender Mystery series, Dona Magdalena plays just as important a role. The Spanish woman is Lavender's love interest.
She is described as a spicy and feisty woman with demons in her past. She fled a conflict in Europe and currently lives in England as an immigrant.
The Detective Lavender Mystery series has been criticized for some of its inconsistencies. For instance, because Detective Lavender clearly has an aristocratic background, some fans do not believe that he would freely mix with so many characters that are clearly in a much lower social class.
Additionally, some of the language isn't as accurate as historically savvy readers would like. This isn't even taking into account all the aristocratic female characters that Karen Charlton creates who live very independent lives that see them running their own businesses and supporting entire families despite living in a society that would have greatly restricted them.
Karen Charlton often fields questions regarding the fact that her characters are living in the Regency period but they feel like they would be perfectly at home in the 21st Century.
Of course, there are those audiences that have lauded Karen for so thoroughly immersing them in the period of Regency England through the sights, sounds and smells she describes in her scenes.
Karen's biggest strength in the Detective Lavender Mystery series isn't the mysteries themselves but her ability to create and manage complex plots. More often than not, readers have said that they had the mysteries of the author's different books figured out by the half way mark. But that did not stop them from enjoying the process Lavender went through to come to the right conclusion.
+The Heiress of Linn Hagh
A beautiful woman goes missing at Linn Hagh. No one knows how she left her locked bedchamber. They do not even know whether she was kidnapped or simply escaped.
And as a notable heiress, her case is of such importance that Detective Lavender and Constable Woods are summoned to investigate. There are a lot of rumors swirling about the situation but no solid leads.
No one will talk to Lavender and Woods, not the servants and certainly not the heiress' siblings. There seems to be a feud simmering and the only way Detective Lavender can hope to put the case to rest is if he brings to light a series of family secrets.
+The Sans Pareil Mystery
April Clare was a promising young actress, so her passing is greatly felt at the Sans Pareil Theatre. And because her remains were found in suspicious circumstances, Detective Lavender and Constable Woods are summoned to investigate.
It doesn't take them long to learn that there's more going on than meets the eye. They must unravel the many mysteries they discover quickly as the Napoleonic War is looming across the channel. There's a lot of suspicion of treachery in the air
Book Series In Order » Characters » Detective Lavender Mystery


Dominique Dumont > Array-IntSpan-2.002 > Array::IntSpan
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Array::IntSpan - Handles arrays of scalars or objects using IntSpan techniques
 use Array::IntSpan;
The new version of Array::IntSpan is also able to consolidate the ranges by comparing the adjacent values of the range. If 2 adjacent values are identical, the 2 adjacent ranges are merged.
Ranges of objects ^
Array::IntSpan can also handle objects instead of scalar values.
But for the consolidation to work, the payload class must overload the "", eq and == operators to perform the consolidation comparisons.
When a get_range method is called to a range of objects, it will return a new range of object referencess. These object references points to the objects stored in the original range. In other words the objects contained in the returned range are not copied.
Thus if the user calls a methods on the objects contained in the returned range, the method is actually invoked on the objects stored in the original range.
When a get_range method is called on a range of objects, several things may happen:
Ranges specified with integer fields ^
new (...)
The new method takes an optional list of array elements. The elements should be in the form [start_index, end_index, value]. They should be in sorted order and there should be no overlaps. The internal method _check_structure will be called to verify the data is correct. If you wish to avoid the performance penalties of checking the structure, you can use Data::Dumper to dump an object and use that code to reconstitute it.
Clear the range.
set_range (start, end, value [, code ref] )
This method takes three parameters - the start_index, the end_index, and the value. If you wish to erase a range, specify undef for the value. It properly deals with overlapping ranges and will replace existing data as appropriate. If the new range lies after the last existing range, the method will execute in O(1) time. If the new range lies within the existing ranges, the method executes in O(n) time, where n is the number of ranges. It does not consolidate contiguous ranges that have the same value.
The method returns 0 if there were no overlapping ranges and 1 if there were.
The optional code ref is called back when an existing range is split. For instance if the original range is [0,10,$foo_obj] and set_range is called with [5,7,$bar_obj'], the callback will be called twice:
 $callback->(0, 4,$foo_obj)
It will be the callback responsability to make sure that the range 0-4 and 7-10 holds 2 different objects.
get_range (start, end [, filler | undef, copy_cb [, set_cb]])
This method returns a range (actually an Array::IntSpan object) from start to end.
If start and end span empty slot in the original range, get_range will skip the empty slots. If a filler value is provided, get_range will fill the slots with it.
 original range : [2-4,X],[7-9,Y],[12-14,Z]
 get_range(3,8) : [3-4,X],[7-8,Y]
 get_range(2,10,f) : [3-4,X],[5-6,f],[7-8,Y]
If the filler parameter is a CODE reference, the filler value will be the one returned by the sub ref. The sub ref is invoked with (start,end), i.e. the range of the empty span to fill (get_range(5,6) in the example above). When handling object, the sub ref can invoke an object constructor.
If start or end split an original range in 2, the default behavior is to copy the value or object ref contained in the original range:
 original range : [1-4,X]
 split range : [1-1,X],[2-2,X],[3-4,X]
 get_range(2) : [2-2,X]
If the original range contains object, this may lead to disapointing results. In the example below the 2 ranges contains references (obj_a) that points to the same object:
 original range : [1-4,obj_a]
 split range : [1-1,obj_a],[2-2,obj_a],[3-4,obj_a]
 get_range(2) : [2-2,obj_a]
Which means that invoking a method on the object returned by get_range(2) will also be invoked on the range 1-4 of the original range which may not be what you want.
If get_range is invoked with a copy parameter (actually a code reference), the result of this routine will be stored in the split range outside of the get_range:
 original range : [1-4,X]
 get_range(2) : [2-2,X]
 split range : [1-1,copy_of_X],[2-2,X],[3-4,copy_of_X]
When dealing with object, the sub ref should provide a copy of the object:
 original range : [1-4,obj_a]
 get_range(2) : [2-2,obj_a]
 split range : [1-1,obj_a1],[2-2,obj_a],[3-4,obj_a2]
Note that the obj_a contained in the split range and the obj_a contained in the returned range point to the same object.
The sub ref is invoked with (start,end,obj_a) and is expected to return a copy of obj_a that will be stored in the split ranges. In the example above, 2 different copies are made: obj_a1 and obj_a2.
Last, a 3rd callback may be defined by the user: the set_cb. This callback will be used when the range start or end that holds an object changes. In the example above, the set_cb will be called this way:
 $obj_a->&$set_cb(2,2) ;
As a matter of fact, the 3 callback can be used in the same call. In the example below, get_range is invoked with 3 subs refs: \&f,\&cp,\&set:
 original range : [1-4,obj_a],[7-9,obj_b]
 get_range(3-8,...) : [3-4,obj_a],[5-6,obj_fill],[7-8,obj_b]
 split range : [1-2,obj_a1], [3-4,obj_a],[5-6,obj_fill],
To obtain this, get_range will perform the following calls:
 $obj_fill = &f ;
 $obj_a1 = &cp(5,6,obj_a);
 &set(3,4,$obj_a) ;
 $obj_b = &cp(9,9,obj_b) ;
 &set(7-8,obj_b) ;
lookup( index )
This method takes as a single parameter the index to look up. If there is an appropriate range, the method will return the associated value. Otherwise, it returns undef.
get_element( element_number )
Returns an array containing the Nth range element:
 ( start, end, value )
consolidate( bottom, top, [ set_cb ] )
This function scan the range from the range index bottom to top and compare the values held by the adjacent ranges. If the values are identical, the adjacent ranges are merged.
The comparision is made with the == operator. Objects stored in the range must overload the == operator. If not, the comparison will be made with the standard stringification of an object and the merge will never happen.
If provided, the set_cb will be invoked on the contained object after 2 ranges are merged.
For instance, if the "$obj_a" eq "$obj_b":
 original range : [1-4,obj_a],[5-9,obj_b]
 consolidate(0,1,\&set) : [1-9,obj_a]
And consolidate will perform this call:
 &$set(1,9,obj_a) ;
Copyright (c) 2000 Toby Everett. Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Dominique Dumont. All rights reserved. This program is free software.
This module is distributed under the Artistic License. See or the license that comes with your perl distribution.
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Two new research studies, published in the Journal of Nutrition and the International Journal of Circumpolar Health, (IJCH) have shown that more than half of Inuit pre-school aged children in Nunavut, Canada, are not receiving adequate amounts of their daily nutritional needs.
Data for the reports was collected as part of the Inuit Health Survey for International Polar Year, held in 2007-2008. That year marked the occasion's third occurrence since it was first created as international research collaboration in 1882.
The study published in the Journal of Nutrition is based on data collected from 1,901 households, while the IJCH study is based on information collected from 388 participants, focusing more on the dietary habits of preschoolers.
According to dietary health surveys conducted in 16 communities over 2007-2008, 56 per cent of Nunavut's Inuit households with a young child were determined to be "child food insecure." These rates were ten times higher than the national average, as reported in the Canadian Community Health Survey. In the national survey, approximately five per cent of households were experiencing child food insecurity.
Seven on out of 10 Inuit households with a young child between the ages of three and five in Nunavut were also deemed "food insecure."
Dr. Grace Egeland, is an associate professor at McGill University's School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition. She is also the lead author of both research studies.
There are "subtle changes in diet that over the long term can have negative consequences," said Dr. Egeland, adding that her teams' research should be used to help food insecure families improve their diets.
Food insecurity is linked with such conditions as low levels of education, household income and access to social assistance. In order to be considered food secure, families must be able to access both traditional foods and foods from markets.
In order to achieve this, says the ICJH study, there is a need for support systems and dietary changes to help families with young children.
In a related story on aboriginal health, the Ontario Office of the Chief Coroner released a 215-page report on factors contributing to 16 child and youth suicides on the Pikangikum First Nation reserve. The report states that there is an urgent need to ameliorate basic living condition in impoverished, remote areas in the northern part of the province. Basic infrastructure, including clean drinking water, a sewage system, schools and recreational facilities and health care, is lacking, the report found. Consequently, many vulnerable children and young adults feel a sense of hopelessness.
Over the period of 2006-2008, 16 children and young people aged 10 to 19 committed suicide, mostly by hanging themselves. Tragically, since July 15 alone, another five young people have done the same. The community's suicide rate is 36 times the national average.
What're more, 27 per cent of girls in grades three and four admitted to sniffing gasoline in order to get high. Truancy also tends to begin at age 10, particularly in households where the parents suffer from alcoholism and do not wake up in time to prepare their children for school. According to the report, the children's situation is made worse by not attending school, as "their best opportunity for adequate nutrition comes from the school, which provides two meals a day."
According to a 2007 report by the Standing Senate Committee on Human Rights entitled, Children: The Silenced Citizens, First Nations children also suffer disproportionately from poverty, youth criminal activity and child protection needs, as well as health problems, including malnutrition, drug use and suicide.
The report notes that health and addiction services are needed to help alleviate the community's social problems. Among its recommendations is to have "early childhood education programs to ensure that children are receiving valuable nurturing; nutritionally, physically and emotionally, that they might not otherwise receive."


text:
24th International Meshing Roundtable
ONERA, 29 avenue de la Division Leclerc, 92320 Chatillon, France
A floating-point arithmetic algorithm designed for solving usual boolean operations (intersection, union, and
difference) on arbitrary polyhedral meshes is described in this paper. It can be used in many pre- and post-processing
applications in computational physics (e.g. cut-cell volume mesh generation or high order conservative remapping).
The method provides conformal polyhedral meshes upon exit. The core idea is to triangulate the polygons, solve the
intersections at the triangular level, reconstruct the polyhedra from the cloud of conformal triangles and then reaggregate
their triangular faces to polygons. This approach offers a great flexibility regarding the admissible
topologies: non-planar faces, concave faces or cells and some non-manifoldness are handled. The algorithm is
described in details and some preliminary results are shown.
Download Full Paper (PDF Format)
Contact author(s) or publisher for availability and copyright information on above referenced article

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Product descriptionDesigned to prevent damage to the tanks of oil-filled transformers if the internal pressure suddenly rises above the permissible level.
The valve springs press the valve against the body. The housing is mounted on the tank.
The pressure created by the transformer oil acts on the valve in the other direction, counteracting the springs. When the force of the oil acting on the valve exceeds the force of the springs – the valve opens. When the oil force decreases, the valve closes.
- Response pressure – 20 to 75 kPa.
- The nominal bore diameter is 12 mm.


The difference between industrial aluminum profiles and architectural aluminum profiles
Author: Hou
Jun. 19, 2024
64
0
Industrial aluminum profiles and construction aluminum profiles belong to the same 6063 grade aluminum profiles, so their alloy composition and alloy content are the same, so there is no difference between industrial aluminum profiles and construction aluminum profiles in terms of mechanical properties. In addition, their weldable properties, thermal conductivity, surface treatment properties, corrosion resistance and cutting properties are no different, so what is the difference between them?
1. Different cross-section shapes
Most industrial aluminum profiles have symmetrical structures and are relatively square. Most of the aluminum profiles for buildings have asymmetric cross-sections and relatively large curvature, and some have relatively large cantilevers. However, there are more cavities in industrial aluminum profiles than architectural aluminum profiles, mostly with round holes.
2. Different wall thicknesses
In general, the wall thickness of industrial aluminum profiles is greater than that of architectural aluminum profiles. Since the load-bearing of the door, window and curtain wall profiles is not so high, they play more of a decorative role, so the wall thickness is relatively thin. Most of the industrial aluminum profiles are used in equipment frames and brackets, so the load-bearing requirements are relatively high, and the wall thickness is thicker.
Aluminium Rectangular Tube.jpg
Additional reading:
Everything you need to know about aluminum profiles
Aluminum profile production process
3. Different surface treatment methods
The surface of industrial aluminum profiles generally only needs anodizing treatment, and at most a sandblasting process is added to make it matte. There are many surface treatment methods for building aluminum profiles, such as spraying, electrophoresis, wood grain transfer, etc. Because architectural aluminum profiles pay more attention to decoration, the colors are richer. Industrial aluminum profiles pay attention to atmosphere and cleanliness. Generally, only natural color oxidation treatment is required, and a few black oxidation is required.
4. Different quality requirements
The shape and position tolerance requirements of industrial aluminum profiles are higher than those of architectural aluminum profiles, and the surface quality requirements of the substrate are higher. Because of the transparent oxide film formed by the anodizing of industrial aluminum profiles, any defects on the surface of the substrate will be visible at a glance.
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text:
and children, as well as sharing various awareness raising materials on internet resources and distributing them to population throughout the country. A special digital communication platform has been created to provide continuous support to people aged over 65 who live alone, to low income families and other groups of vulnerable families during the quarantine regime. Through this platform volunteers are in constant touch with these segments of population and provide them with various social services:
- tips for teachers to provide digital support for children with difficulties on learning during pandemic;
- "Protect Yourself against COVID-19" - for people over 60 years and with chronic diseases;
- "How to protect mental health during COVID-19 pandemic" – practical tips for people staying at home in quarantine;
- tips for parents during COVID-19 outbreak;
- "How teenagers can protect their mental health during COVID-19".


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I've just asked a question where Tyler Durden wrote in his answer that paper was expensive at Euclids time.
So I wanted to ask the question:
How did the price of paper / papyrus develop over time?
But then I realized that it might be impossible to answer it with a simple time-price chart, even if one had all information.
So the question is: How do historians evaluate if something is "expensive"? How are prices of goods compared over the regions / times? Do already build "comparison tables" exist?
What I thought of
First try: Comparision with other goods
There are certainly goods that still exist in comparable quality (I could think of gold, sheep, cows, stone or ground), the ratio might be different. So simply calculating
 - n = number of grams of gold one had to pay for 100 papyrus scrolls
 - w = price of gold in Euro / gram
 - price of papyrus in todays values = n*w
is too simple. But eventually one could give multiple prices like that to give a meaningful impressing?
Second try: Work force
As soon as we have coins, we can probably compare what people have for a living (per month). One could sort those incomes and trim the top/bottom 25% to get an average income. Then one could calculate
 - s = income of the region we want something to be compared with the method described above in [old currency / month]
 - x = value of the good from region / time of s in [old currency]
 - t = todays average income (calculated the same way) in [new currency/month]
 - price of papyrus in todays values = (x/s)*t
share|improve this question
Yeah, somebody, like ME, the god king of history, Tyler Durden. – Tyler Durden Aug 11 at 21:41
_USER_: I've added the name :-) – moose Aug 11 at 21:52
Insightful question, relevant question. Thank you. – Mark C. Wallace Aug 12 at 13:06
3 Answers 3
Economic history's great attempt to produce a great price/wage series for Southern England's monasteries, agricultural labourers, and modern workers failed. It leaves us with the series used by Measuring Worth, but the series is untrustworthy:
1) Wage labour was not generalised until the 19th century, this makes "wages" and "prices" meaningless.
2) Series construction raises great problems
3) The reliance upon southern English monestaries' as a record source means a poor generalisation even to people in receipt of wages of account; and cannot really be generalised out to the surrounding local markets.
So there's no way to reconstruct a wage price series beyond 1700 with any confidence.
No, these weren't "goods" in the past, their social meaning was entirely different. We can try to evaluate their social importance by understanding the past economic and social system as it was, but a comparison can only be made in terms to evaluating and comparing concrete past societies. We can't run a sheep/cow index any better than wage/price.
Wages were not socially determinate before 1790, and then only in England. Wage labour, and the "wage" as we understand it as the only basis of subsistence, is a very very new thing.
Finally, what are we comparing? Paper for personal consumption? Paper as a production object in the mode of production? Paper as a dedication of social resources? These are all very different time meanings of social worth.
I relate to economic history as a modern social historian, but reading Measuring Worth's discussion of the problems with post 1950 wage/price series ought to be illustrative, as should the history of the Australian C series index which is available on Australian Bureau of Statistics' website for the Australian CPI index.
share|improve this answer
Understanding historical prices is a difficult problem, and even historians of economics use methods that I would consider inadequate. Many published estimates of ancient prices and value are often wildly wrong. Regular historians (not economists) are even worse at value estimation and rarely suggest modern equivalents with any meaningful accuracy.
There is actually a very simple way to relate ancient values to modern values and that is through the medium of gold. It is an approximate measure, obviously, but much better than the typical methods you will find economists using.
For example, in Pompeii which was covered in ash in 79 A.D. a loaf of bread was listed at 2 as (copper piece). If you work out the gold equivalent, it comes to about $1 today, which interestingly enough is about what a loaf of bread costs today (on sale). In the Koran it lists the price of a sheep in gold dirhams which comes out to $400 which is about what it costs for a sheep today.
In general, everything is cheaper today than it was in the past due to mechanization, and the effects are not equal. For example, in the old days silver was about 1/20th the price of gold, but nowadays due to the Comstock lode and other factors (such as the silver recovered from copper mining), silver is only worth about 1/60th the price of gold.
You can also relate money via work or wages. Of course you have to remember that different civilizations have different wage scales. For example, workers in ancient Rome would make a lot more than the same worker out in the boonies in Britain, just like today a worker in Manhatten will make more than some guy in Nigeria.
share|improve this answer
Without being snippy, and recognising that this is a valid answer which I believe to be wrong: all this tells you is that social productivity in terms of production of sheep and production of gold in market realising situations has remained incidentally linked. Gold is also an extremely poor instrument for dealing with price in finance capitalism. So all we can say is that volumes and techniques of producing sheep and gold were happenstance linked. Tells us nothing about if people wore flax or wool or rayon, if they ate meat or starved. If mounds of gold went unused or were displayed. – Samuel Russell Aug 11 at 22:58
I think the comparison of the wages of modern workers in different regions is the kernel of the argument. Expanding that could make the point clearer. A worker in Manhattan makes more than a worker in another region, and they are certainly "richer", but how do we compare? By looking at the cost of necessities: food, clothing and housing, and observing what proportion of income remains after those. We can see that the Manhattenite is richer because after his more expensive housing / clothing / food costs, he can still afford international holidays (for example). – andy256 Aug 11 at 23:30
_USER_ My use of gold as the equivalency measure is not based on a "theory". It is based on years of experience trying to reprice things from many different points in history. My experience is that for practical purposes, there is no better and no simpler method. You can create all the theories you want about it, the simple fact is, I have gotten the best results using a gold equivalency metric. – Tyler Durden Aug 12 at 1:51
If you're claiming to be instrumental, then all that means is you're unwilling to disclose, or haven't disclosed to yourself, the theoretical basis on which you judge in experience that your method is "better" or produces "best results." Your practice is theory laden, even if you don't formalise that theory, and (based on current biographical data) I'm not seeing that you're a member of a community of practice adequate for me to accept an argument from your personal experience. Are you an economic historian or equivalent? – Samuel Russell Aug 12 at 3:16
Please notice that comparasion of silver and gold reserve worldwide (based on _URL_-precious-metals.html) we have a reserve ratio of around 1 to 10.5 so I am not really convinced about the 1/60 price rate's rightousness. – CsBalazsHungary Aug 12 at 12:58
To declare I don't have a definite answer, but with my answer I might get you somewhat closer to the ultimate method.
To estimate a value back in time is especially hard because of the following factors:
 - There were various monetary systems (not just currencies) over time. For example the silver/gold backed 1 Krone in Austro-Hungarian empire worth 0,3 grams of gold back in 1892 which is today roughly 9,5 EUR. But since then the Krone collapsed, in Hungary the Pengő collapsed, in Austria the Schilling inflated then switched to EUR. You can use any inflation calculator which will be more or less accurate, but I am sure they don't work back into middle ages.
 - Gold and silver were used for money for more time than they weren't. You can measure things in gold and silver, these two commodities were money for very long time, and they were rare. The measurement won't be precise since as other people wrote too: the historical exchange from gold to silver was usually close to 1:15 to 1:16. Mike Maloney conducted fine research on gold and silver, you can watch his videos on youtube and read his books. That surely helps understanding


text:
What is expected of Access students?
Access students are committed to their education. They want their Associate's degree (and often more!) and they are willing to work hard to be the best students they can be.
Being in the Access program means completing all of the following requirements:
- Attend Access Orientation (required for admission to the program)
- Take all necessary college preparatory classes as indicated by Accuplacer
- Complete PSYC 8000: Student Success your first semester in the program
- Meet with your Access counselor at least 3 times every semester
- Complete a Financial Literacy curriculum
- Attend Access mid-semester workshops
- Attend at least one Access-sponsored transfer trip
- Give back to their community by completing at least 20 hours of volunteer community service
This page developed and maintained by Access. Send comments and suggestions to.


related to 'git'_ are in :ref:'additional-git'. .. _delete-master: Deleting your master branch =========================== It may sound strange, but deleting your own ''master'' branch can help reduce confusion about which branch you are on. See 'deleting master on github'_ for details. .. _fetch-latest: Fetch the latest Astropy ************************ From time to time you should fetch the development version (i.e. Astropy ''astropy/master'') changes from GitHub:: git fetch astropy --tags This will pull down any commits you don't have, and set the remote branches to point to the latest commit. For example, 'trunk' is the branch referred to by ''astropy/master'', and if there have been commits since you last checked, ''astropy/master'' will change after you do the fetch. .. _make-feature-branch: Make a new feature branch ************************* Make the new branch =================== When you are ready to make some changes to the code, you should start a new branch. Branches that are for a collection of related edits are often called 'feature branches'. Making a new branch for each set of related changes will make it easier for someone reviewing your branch to see what you are doing. Choose an informative name for the branch to remind yourself and the rest of us what the changes in the branch are for. Branch names like ''add-ability-to-fly'' or ''buxfix-for-issue-42'' clearly describe the purpose of the branch. Always make your branch from ''astropy/master'' so that you are basing your changes on the latest version of Astropy:: # Update the mirror of trunk git fetch astropy --tags # Make new feature branch starting at astropy/master git branch my-new-feature astropy/master git checkout my-new-feature Connect the branch to GitHub ============================ At this point you have made and checked out a new branch, but 'git'_ does not know it should be connected to your fork on GitHub. You need that connection for your proposed changes to be managed by the Astropy maintainers on GitHub. To connect your local branch to GitHub, you 'git push'_ this new branch up to your GitHub repo with the ''--set-upstream'' option:: git push --set-upstream your-github-username my-new-feature From now on git will know that ''my-new-feature'' is related to the ''your-github-username/my-new-feature'' branch in your GitHub fork of Astropy. You will still need to ''git push'' your changes to GitHub periodically. The setup in this section will make that easier. .. _install-branch: Install your branch ******************* Ideally you should set up a Python virtual environment just for this fix; instructions for doing to are at :ref:'virtual_envs'. Doing so ensures you will not corrupt your main ''astropy'' install and makes it very easy to recover from mistakes. Once you have activated that environment, you need to install the version of ''astropy'' you are working on. Do that with: .. code-block:: bash pip install -e . For more details on building ''astropy'' from source, see :ref:'dev-build-astropy-subpkg'. .. _edit-flow: The editing workflow ******************** Conceptually, you will: #. Make changes to one or more files and/or add a new file. #. Check that your changes do not break existing code. #. Add documentation to your code and, as appropriate, to the Astropy documentation. #. Ideally, also make sure your changes do not break the documentation. #. Add tests of the code you contribute. #. Commit your changes in 'git'_ #. Repeat as necessary. In more detail ============== #. Make some changes to one or more files. You should follow the Astropy :ref:'code-guide'. Each logical set of changes should be treated as one commit. For example, if you are fixing a known bug in Astropy and notice a different bug while implementing your fix, implement the fix to that new bug as a different set of changes. #. Test that your changes do not lead to *regressions*, i.e. that your changes do not break existing code, by running the Astropy tests. You can run all of the Astropy tests from ipython with:: import astropy astropy.test() If your change involves only a small part of Astropy, e.g. Time, you can run just those tests:: import astropy astropy.test(package='time') Tests can also be run from the command line while in the package root directory, e.g.:: pytest To run the tests in only a single package, e.g. Time, you can do:: pytest -P time For more details on running tests, please see :ref:'testing-guidelines'. #. Make sure your code includes appropriate docstrings, in the 'Numpydoc format'_. If appropriate, as when you are adding a new feature, you should update the appropriate documentation in the ''docs'' directory; a detailed description is in :ref:'documentation-guidelines'. #. If you have sphinx installed, you can also check that the documentation builds and looks correct by running, from the ''astropy'' directory:: cd docs make html The last line should just state ''build succeeded'', and should not mention any warnings. (For more details, see :ref:'documentation-guidelines'.) #. Add tests of your new code, if appropriate. Some changes (e.g. to documentation) do not need tests. Detailed instructions are at :ref:'writing-tests', but if you have no experience writing tests or with the 'pytest'_ testing framework submit your changes without adding tests, but mention in the pull request that you have not written tests. An example of writing a test is in :ref:'astropy-fix-add-tests'. #. Stage your changes using ''git add'' and commit them using ''git commit''. An example of doing that, based on the fix for an actual Astropy issue, is at :ref:'astropy-fix-example'. .. note:: Make your 'git'_ commit messages short and descriptive. If a commit fixes an issue, include, on the second or later line of the commit message, the issue number in the commit message, like this: ''Closes #123''. Doing so will automatically close the issue when the pull request is accepted. #. Some modifications require more than one commit; if in doubt, break your changes into a few, smaller, commits rather than one large commit that does many things at once. Repeat the steps above as necessary! .. _add-changelog: Add a changelog entry ********************* Add an entry to the file ''CHANGES.rst'' briefly describing the change you made. Include the pull request number, too at the end of the entry. An example entry, for the changes in 'PR 1845 '_, is:: - ''astropy.wcs.Wcs.printwcs'' will no longer warn that ''cdelt'' is being ignored when none was present in the FITS file. [#1845] If you are opening a new pull request, you may not know its number yet, but you can add it *after* you make the pull request. If you're not sure where to put the changelog entry, wait at least until a maintainer has reviewed your PR and assigned it to a milestone. When writing changelog entries, do not attempt to make API reference links by using single-backticks. This is because the changelog (in its current format) runs for the history of the project, and API references you make today may not be valid in a future version of Astropy. However, use of double-backticks for monospace rendering of module/class/function/argument names and the like is encouraged. .. _push-to-github:


text:
Efficient Video Similarity Measurement and Search
CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCES
Pagination or Media Count:
The amount of information on the world wide web has grown enormously since its creation in 1990. Duplication of content is inevitable because there is no central management on the web. Studies have shown that many similar versions of the same text documents can be found throughout the web. This redundancy problem is more severe for multimedia content such as web video sequences, as they are often stored in multiple locations and di erent formats to facilitate downloading and streaming. Similar versions of the same video can also be found, unknown to content creators, when web users modify and republish original content using video editing tools. Identifying similar content can bene t many web applications and content owners. For example, it will reduce the number of similar answers to a web search and identify inappropriate use of copyright content. In this dissertation, we present a system architecture and corresponding algorithms to e ciently measure, search, and organize similar video sequences found on any large database such as the web. We rst introduce a class of randomized algorithms, called ViSig, to estimate video similarity. The basic idea is to summarize each video sequence into a small set of video frames, or a signature, that is most similar to a set of prede ned random images. Theoretical and experimental results show that video similarity can be reliably estimated by the ViSig method. Even though a small signature is su cient to estimate similarity, each frame in the signature is represented by a high-dimensional vector. Similarity search on a large database of high-dimensional vectors is a challenging problem from a computational viewpoint. To solve this problem, we propose a novel non-linear feature extraction technique that can be used in a fast similarity search system.
- Computer Systems
- Radio Communications


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Dag Controller
Dag Controller is a task scheduling tool that can schedule the jobs which type is DAG (directed acyclic graph). The job consists of multiple tasks to form a directed acyclic graph, and there is a dependency between the tasks.
The Dag Controller can perform complex graph computing with NebulaGraph Analytics. For example, the Dag Controller sends an algorithm request to NebulaGraph Analytics, which saves the result to NebulaGraph or HDFS. The Dag Controller then takes the result as input to the next algorithmic task to create a new task.
This topic describes how to use the Dag Controller.
Enterpriseonly
To apply for the Dag Controller installation package, send mail at _EMAIL_.
Version compatibility
The version correspondence between Dag Controller, NebulaGraph Analytics, and NebulaGraph is as follows.
Dag Controller NebulaGraph Analytics NebulaGraph
3.2.1, 3.2.0 3.2.0 3.2.1
Prerequisites
 - The HDFS 2.2.x or later has been deployed.
 - The JDK 1.8 has been deployed.
Preparations
There are some differences between installation packages and commands in different environments. The preparations are as follows
 - The operating system is CentOS 7.
 - If the NebulaGraph Analytics and the Dag Controller are deployed on multiple machines, ensure network connectivity between the machines.
 - If the NebulaGraph Analytics is a cluster with distributed architecture, ensure the paths and ports are configured identically for each machine.
Precautions
 - The BFS and SSSP algorithms need to verify the parameter root. They support only one upstream component and must specify rows and columns. If multiple files exist, a random file is selected. If a row, column, or file is not found, an error will be reported.
 - The similarity algorithm does not restrict the format of the upstream component, but it must specify columns. If multiple files exist, the file will be superimposed randomly, and the first N rows of data will be processed. If rows and columns are specified, or the specified column does not exist, an error will be reported.
Deploy NebulaGraph Analytics
 1. Install libatomic and psmisc.
 sudo yum -y install libatomic psmisc

 2. Install the NebulaGraph Analytics.
 sudo rpm -ivh <analytics_package_name> --prefix <install_path>
 sudo chown <user>:<user> -R <install path>

 For example:
 sudo rpm -ivh nebula-analytics-3.2.0-centos.x86_64.rpm --prefix=/home/vesoft/nebula-analytics
 sudo chown vesoft:vesoft -R /home/vesoft/nebula-analytics

 3. Configure the correct Hadoop path and JDK path in the file set_env.sh, the file path is nebula-analytics/scripts/set_env.sh. If there are multiple machines, ensure that the paths are the same.
 export HADOOP_HOME=<hadoop_path>
 export JAVA_HOME=<java_path>

Deploy Dag Controller
 1. Complete the SSH password-free configurations so that the Dag Controller machine can log directly into the NebulaGraph Analytics machines and all machines within the NebulaGraph Analytics cluster can connect directly to each other without passwords.
 For example, the user in the machine A (Dag Controller) log directly into machine B-1 in the NebulaGraph Analytics cluster over SSH without passwords. Run the following commands on the machine A:
 //Press Enter to execute the default option to generate the key.
 ssh-keygen -t rsa

 //After the public key file of machine A is installed to the user of the machine B-1, you can log into the machine B-1 from the machine A without passwords.
 ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub <B_user>@<B_IP>

 In the same way, complete the SSH password-free configurations so that the user in the machine A can log directly into the machine B-2, B-3, etc. and all machines within the NebulaGraph Analytics cluster can connect directly to each other without passwords.
 2. Add the following to the file ~/.bash_profile and run the command source ~/.bash_profile to make it effective.
 eval $(ssh-agent)
 ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa

 3. Install the Dag Controller.
 sudo rpm -ivh <dag_package_name> --prefix <install_path>
 sudo chown <user>:<user> -R <install path>

 For example:
 sudo rpm -ivh dag-ctrl-3.2.1-centos.x86_64.rpm --prefix=/home/vesoft/dag-ctrl
 sudo chown vesoft:vesoft -R /home/vesoft/dag-ctrl

 4. Configure the username and port of the NebulaGraph Analytics in the file dag-ctrl-api.yaml, the file path is dag-ctrl/etc/dag-ctrl-api.yaml. If there are multiple machines, ensure that the usernames are the same.
 # The user name and SSH port of the NebulaGraph Analytics machine.
 SSH:
 UserName: vesoft
 Port: 22

 #The parallel thread pool sizes of the tasks and jobs.
 JobPool:
 Sleep: 3 # Check every 3 seconds for any outstanding jobs.
 Size: 3 # Up to 3 jobs can be executed in parallel.
 TaskPool:
 CheckStatusSleep: 1 # Check the task status every second.
 Size: 10 # Up to 10 tasks can be executed in parallel.

 Dag:
 VarDataListMaxSize: 100 # If HDFS columns are read, the number is limited to 100 at a time.

 5. Configure the algorithm file path (exec_file) only in the file tasks.yaml, the file path of which is dag-ctrl/etc/tasks.yaml. Currently, all exec_file parameters are set to the path of the run_algo.sh file.
 Note
 - The algorithm files are provided by NebulaGraph Analytics. Please find the scripts directory under the installation path of NebulaGraph Analytics above. All algorithm files are in this directory.
 - If there are multiple machines, ensure that the algorithm file paths are the same.
 - The other parameters are the execution parameters of the algorithms and are configured later on the visual workflow page.
 exec_file: /home/xxx/nebula-analytics/scripts/run_algo.sh

 6. Start the Dag Controller.
 cd <dag_ctrl_install_path>
 ./scripts/start.sh

 7. Check whether the startup is successful. The default port is 9002 which set in the file dag-Ctrl-api. yaml.
 netstat -aon | grep 9002

Next to do
After the NebulaGraph Analytics and the Dag Controller are configured and started, you need to configure resources on the NebulaGraph Explorer to perform complex algorithm computing. For details, see Prepare resources.
FAQ
Will the Dag Controller service crash if the Graph service returns too much result data?
The Dag Controller service only provides scheduling capabilities and will not crash, but the NebulaGraph Analytics service may crash due to insufficient memory when writing too much data to HDFS or NebulaGraph, or reading too much data from HDFS or NebulaGraph.
Can I continue a job from a failed task?
Not supported. You can only re-execute the entire job.
How can I speed it up if a task result is saved slowly or data is transferred slowly between tasks?
The Dag Controller contains graph query components and graph computing components. Graph queries send requests to a graph service for queries, so the graph queries can only be accelerated by increasing the memory of the graph service. Graph computing is performed on distributed nodes provided by NebulaGraph Analytics, so graph computing can be accelerated by increasing the size of the NebulaGraph Analytics cluster.
The HDFS server cannot be connected and the task status is running.
Set the timeout period and times for HDFS connections as follows:
<configuration>
<property>
 <name>ipc.client.connect.timeout</name>
 <value>3000</value>
</property>
<property>
 <name>ipc.client.connect.max.retries.on.timeouts</name>
 <value>3</value>
</property>
</configuration>
How to resolve the error Err:dial unix: missing address?
Modify the configuration file dag-ctrl/etc/dag-ctrl-api.yaml to configure the UserName of the SSH.
How to resolve the error bash: /home/xxx/nebula-analytics/scripts/run_algo.sh: No such file or directory?
Modify the configuration file dag-ctrl/etc/tasks.yamlto configure the algorithm execution path parameter exec_file.
How to resolve the error /lib64/libm.so.6: version 'GLIBC_2.29' not found (required by /home/vesoft/jdk-18.0.1/jre/lib/amd64/


Read the latest, trending and historical english news about (geographically) visualized in charts and maps. There are 8 news articles in total about.
Liberia (Country) is also known as Liberia
8 articles
Liberia Chart
The number of articles about Liberia published per day until today.
Who, What & Where
Liberia Map
Liberia (Country) is frequently mentioned with the following locations London, Qingdao, Brooklyn, Philadelphia, Monrovia.


text:
As an experimental model for the different forms of muscle degeneration, injury caused by 2 hours' ischemia has been studied from 20 minutes to 16 hours after release of the tourniquet.
Discoid degeneration developed in stretched fibers by dissolution of the I bands (Z substances and actin). The discs represented the Q bands (A-H-A). In fibers which passively maintained contraction lengths during degeneration, the Z substances were dissolved, but the continuity of the fibrils was preserved, since the filaments are continuous over all sarcomeres under these conditions. Mitochondria and the tubules of the endoplasmic reticulum swelled, ruptured, and disintegrated. Granular degeneration developed in fibers where mitochondria were abundant. Unstretched degenerating fibers with few mitochondria gave a homogeneous or hyaline appearance. The different forms of degeneration therefore were dependent on the status of stretch and the fiber type. The extent of degeneration was not a function of time after ischemia, there being both nearly normal and severely damaged fibers at 20 minutes and 16 hours after the release of tourniquets. When degeneration occurred, however, the basic alterations were the same in all fibers; there was mitochondrial and reticular swelling, dissolution of the Z substances, and finally disintegration of the contractile material. Some damage developed in the sarcolemmas and capillaries.
The mitochondrial disintegration was not linked with inactivation of the succinic dehydrogenase system.


)
 - Similarly, side 2 selects a random 1 <= f < (p-1)/2, computes the values Q_i = (F_i)^(2f) mod p, shuffles those values, and sends those values to side 1.
Phase 2:
 - Side 1 takes the values it gets from side 2 Q_i, computes R_i = (Q_i)^e mod p, shuffles those values into random order, and sends those values to side 2
 - Similarly, side 2 takes the values it gets from side 1 P_i, computes S_i = (P_i)^f mod p, shuffles those values into random order, and sends those values to side 1.
 - Both sides count how many values occur in common between R_i and S_i; that's how many common elements there were in the original sets.
share|improve this answer
A very clever attempt!, but unfortunately your scheme is not secure: it leaks partial information about the sets. For instance, if side 1's set is of the form {a,a^2}, then side 2 can learn this fact (by noticing that P_2 = (P_1)^2 mod p). Or if side 1's set is of the form {a,b,a*b}, then side 2 can detect this. I don't know if this is the only weakness, but in many applications it will probably be enough to reject the protocol. Fortunately, there exist solutions that don't have this weakness; see my answer. – D.W. Aug 18 '11 at 7:49
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Invicta - Ignis
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Category: Stove Client: Invicta Design Competition Completed: 2012
 - The domestication of fire by man was a turning point in its history. It is now time to give it back its meaning as a "living object" of the habitat, an interior element with its place in the heart of our uses.
 The living space is moving increasingly towards scholars games of concealment, it offers the user to make the invisible visible in order to arouse his curiosity.
 This project proposes to support these new uses that reinforce the idea that the fire is and will remain central to our lives.
 Ignis is a Latin word meaning "spirit" and it is the spirit of fire that we have to transpose into a warm object. Beyond lighting and heating, it proposes a more dreamlike use, conducive to contemplation and interacts with the viewer.
 Ignis is a radiant stove, wanting revisit the place of fire insied the habitat. It offers an innovative design and is integrates it into warm life scenarios, and provides a scattering light, efficient, functional and emotional. Its intuitive use gives it a leading role in the development of rituals, as a storage for fire, a meeting point and a relaxation place. It can be used in a frontal configuration or as center part. Finally, his second skin allows it to distribute heat more gently.
 - Ignis acts as a filter of the light emitted by the fire, he then transcribed into a kind light protest. By delicate play of shadow and light its facade was designed as a living wall. It transposes the fire in a gradient of yellowish glow, sometimes vermilion, with fire sparks suspended in the air. The light is more or less diffuse, flickering and brief.
 Ignis steps forward as a true piece of furniture. As such it will shape the space as a main element, a module or a junction unit. Ignis is a volume with clear lines, a balance between minimalism and maximalism. Its sleek design has been especially studied to adapt to a variety of indoor environments and give a special note to the habitat.
 Ignis is a framework for fire, its pure line magnifies it and does not disturb the reading. It is an inside composition, a living nature, dramatized by light and modulated by the user.
 Its perforated walls work as a mobile veiling device. They hide part or every of the light emitted by the fireplace to create a scene and give a second graphic vocabulary to the object. These filters transform a screen flame in a mysterious light, playing on mobility flickering fire. The eye is drawn to the illuminated pattern, it is almost alive.
 A rail allows to slide the walls, prompting the user to interact with the fireplace. It can be fully visible, partially hidden, or completely hidden.
 Its appearance and proportions are voluntary based on home furnishings storage, like the sideboard. For this reason the upper plan can accommodate objects and the right side can serve as a reserve for wood logs. His cast iron feet bring him stability and lightness by taking its up off the ground.
 - Finally, the color is of fundamental importance in structuring our home, it allows the dynamic, it permits us to project our character and our emotions. Ignis plans to develop a custom range of colors to expand the vision of the stove in our mind.A blue calm and reassuring contrast with the strong character of the flames. A red symbol of vitality and power. A khaki green, a soothing and more natural color. A white bringing a spirit of relaxation and lightness. A black symbol of tradition, expertise and mastery of material.
 Industrial Design : Julien Bergignat
Comments: ( Comments )


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(i) Which orbitals are filled with electrons in 3rd period?
(ii) Which of the lanthanoids is man-made element?
(iii) To which series do man-made elements belong?
(i) In third period, 3s and 3p orbitals are filled.
(ii) Promethium (Pm) with atomic number 61 is a man-made lanthanoid.
(iii) Actinoid series (f-block elements).


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How many Navagear readers are both boat nuts AND science geeks? Probably quite a lot, actually. I found this story at gCaptain fascinating:
by Bart Stockdill, M.A.Sc., P.Eng., Mechanical Engineer, Robert Allan Naval Architects and Marine Engineers
Water will boil at room temperature if the pressure is low enough. In fact, the pressure has to be very low, about 2% of standard atmospheric pressure at sea level.
Just like a wing generating lift, marine propellers use pressure differences across their blades to generate thrust. The pressure distribution on a propeller blade depends on its shape and how that shape influences the speed of the water flowing
around the blade. As the flow speeds up, the pressure drops and conversely when the flow slows down, the pressure rises.
Thus the blade is shaped to promote higher speed on the forward or suction side and lower speed on the aft or pressure side. If the blade shape is too aggressive, very low pressure can result. Indeed, this pressure can be low enough to reach the boiling point of water which then leads to cavitation.


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Three Research Natural Areas (RNAs) that lie in the Snake River ACEC on the South Fork of the Snake River are managed to protect natural riparian vegetation from encroachment and from any direct of indirect modification of ecological processes. Use of RNAs is limited to non-destructive, non-manipulative research, study and observation.
The shapes and sizes of the islands (6 in all) change periodically as a result of the River's dynamic forces.
The Pine Creek RNA is actually 2 islands that lie about one mile downstream of the mouth of Pine Creek, in bald eagle nesting territory. Narrowleaf cottonwood and red osier dogwood cover the islands' 54 acres.
The most pristine of the three sets of islands, the Reid Canal RNA, consists of 3 islands (29 acres) in the South Fork, about two-and-a-quarter miles down river from the Sunnydell rookery. Red osier dogwood and reed canarygrass mix with narrowleaf cottonwood vegetation. Yellow-billed cuckoos have been spotted on the islands.
The Squaw Creek RNA is a single island (38 acres) at the mouth of the creek of the same name. It is drier than the other 2 RNAs, which can make its vegetation more susceptible to encroachment. Water birch complements narrowleaf cottonwood.


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For transferring existing knowledge into new projects, reuse has become an important factor in today's software industry. However, to set reuse into practice, reusable artifacts have to be stored somewhere, and must be offered to (re-)users on demand. For this purpose, advanced reuse repository systems like, for instance, instantiations of the Experience Base concept, are quite frequently used. Many people, from different projects, have to access such a repository at various phases of software development processes to retrieve or store reusable data. In order to fulfill the given tasks, each of these user has specific needs. Taking this into account, a reuse repository has to offer tailored user interfaces and functions for different user groups. Furthermore, since the contents of such a repository usually represent the state of the art of an organization's (core) competencies, not everyone should be allowed to freely access each and every repository entry. This isespecially true for persons that are not part of the organization. This report discusses role concepts that can be applied to reuse repository systems to overcome some of the stated access problems. Commonly used roles for software development and reuse repository management are listed. Based on these roles, a basic set of roles, as implemented in the SFB 501 Experience Base, is introduced.
In order to improve the quality of software systems and to set up a more effective process for their development, many attempts have been made in the field of software engineering. Reuse of existing knowledge is seen as a promising way to solve the outstanding problems in this field. In previous work we have integrated the design pattern concept with the formal design language SDL, resulting in a certain kind of pattern formalization. For the domain of communication systems we have also developed a pool of SDL patterns with an accompanying process model for pattern application. In this paper we present an extension that combines the SDL pattern approach with the experience base concept. This extension supports a systematic method for empirical evaluation and continuous improvement of the SDL pattern approach. Thereby the experience base serves as a repository necessary for effective reuse of the captured knowledge. A comprehensive usage scenario is described which shows the advantages of the combined approach. To demonstrate its feasibility, first results of a research case study are given.


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Artúr Dall Mac Gurcaigh
|This article is an orphan, as no other articles link to it. (January 2008)|
Artúr Dall Mac Gurcaigh was a Scottish poet. He was the author of "Dál chabhlaigh ar Chaistéal Suibhne" ("An arranging of a fleet against Castle Sween"), written c. 1310 during the Wars of Scottish Independence. The poem is one of the few Scottish vernacular poems before the mid-14th century, and tells of Eoin mac Suibhne, enemy of King Robert I of Scotland, and head of Clann Suibhne (the MacSweens) - a clan who would be expelled from Scotland and flourish as a mercenary clan in Ireland.
- Clancy, Thomas Owen (ed.), The Triumph Tree: Scotland's Earliest Poetry, 550–1350, (Edinburgh, 1998), p. 302-305
- MacLeod, Wilson, Divided Gaels: Gaelic Cultural Identities in Scotland and Ireland, c. _PHONE_, (Oxford, 2004)


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Background: As biosimilars have become available in various parts of the world, the International Psoriasis Council has reviewed aspects of their use. Objective: To provide consensus statements from the Biosimilar Working Group about the use of biosimilars in patients with psoriasis. Methods: A semiqualitative structured process was employed to approve the consensus statements on biosimilars using the nominal group technique. The final statements were validated by a survey of the paricipants. The approval of the consensus statements was predefined as >80% positive opinions. Results: A consensus was reached in 36/38 statements regarding regulatory considerations, extrapolation of indication, interchangeability, substitution at the pharmacy level, pharmacovigilance, traceability, naming, biosimilar policy, education, and cost of biosimilars. Example statements include "Switching a stable patient from a reference product to a biosimilar product is appropriate if the patient and physician agree to do so" and "Patients and patients' organisations should be involved in all decision making and policy development about the use of biosimilars." Conclusion: The International Psoriasis Council Biosimilar Working Group provides consensus statements for the use of biosimilars in the treatment of patients with psoriasis. We suggest that these statements provide global guidance to clinicians, healthcare organizations, pharmaceutical companies, regulators, and patients regarding the development and use of biosimilars in patients with psoriasis.
- International Psoriasis Council
- tumor necrosis factor inhibitors
ASJC Scopus subject areas


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The Echinoderm Portal
Five groups are counted among Recent echinoderms, feather stars and sea lilies (Crinoidea), seastars (Asteroidea), brittle and basket stars (Ophiuroidea), sea urchins (Echinoidea) and sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). Additional about 15 groups have gone extinct during the long history of evolution.
Echinoderm research in Sweden and at the Swedish Museum of Natural History has a long history. Sven Lovén studied sea urchins in the 19th century and Hjalmar Théel described a new genus of sea cucumbers. At the same time, A.W. Ljungman in Uppsala described over 70 species of brittle stars and a sea cucumber.
This tradition is continued today by Sabine Stöhr with research on the classification (taxonomy) and evolutionary history (systematics) of brittle stars.


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Can I use the Pololu Jrk Motor Controller with Feedback to control a window motor and use it as a steering servo for a power wheels. Basically can I programt the controller to run directly off a RC receiver and to have a center point, then be able to turn the motor both directions about 90 degrees? I hope this makes since.
Yes: for input, the jrk can be directly connected to an RC receiver.
For output/feedback, the jrk can control the position of a motor as long as you have an analog feedback signal that represents the position of the motor. Do you have a potentiometer that turns when your motor turns? If so, the jrk can control the position of that motor if you configure it correctly.
The feedback and input scaling settings of the jrk will let you set the center points.


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As an NACD Soil Health Champion, Brad Ritter preserves the soil on the 1,000-acre family farm. Regenerative agricultural practices such as cover crops, no-till and strip-till improve his soil health and bottom line. Building organic matter in sandy soils can be a challenge, Ritter told NACD, "We are getting there, but it's a lot of investment of time and effort. In the end, we feel it is worth the effort."
Farming near the Delaware beaches is also challenging because pressure from developers threatens to turn agricultural land into communities. Since 2000 the population of Sussex County has exploded with much of the growth occurring on the eastern side of the county.
With that being said, you're never very far from the water when you're in Sussex County. Regenerative practices improve not only the soil but also nearby waterways; Ritters' farm is situated less than five miles from the Rehoboth Bay, part of the Inland Bays watershed.
In addition, Ritter was honored as a University of Delaware (UD) 2020 Friend of Extension. Since the 1970s, the Ritter family has been involved with UD Extension, providing opportunities for on-farm research to guide crop production recommendations.


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South Carolina – Indians, Native Americans – Yuchi
South Carolina SC Native Americans SC Indian Tribes SC Yuchi Indians
- Alternate spellings: Hogologe, Uchee
- Possible meanings: "From far away"
- Language family: Yuchi - Uchean
- Active - officially recognized as members of the Muscogee Nation, but otherwise maintain their own tribal culture
SC Location, Territory
- Traditional: Primarily Eastern Tennessee and Georgia, but a few Yuchi bands lived in South Carolina along the Savannah River from approximately 1661 to 1751.
- Today: Oklahoma, especially in the communities of Sapulpa, Bristow, and Kellyville. Columbus College in Columbus, Georgia, as well as the Chattahoochie Indian Heritage Association, sponsor annual Yuchi homecomings near their old village sites in that area. Yuchi participants include shell shakers, language speakers, and stomp dance leaders.
- Small bands of Yuchi moved into South Carolina in 1661, living along the Savannah River.
- The Yuchi fought with the Yemassee and other tribes against white settlers in the Yemassee War of 1715.
- Left South Carolina and moved west to join the Creeks in 1751.
- Homes: Stuctures covered with bark, clay, or woven mats
- Villages: Built along streams; homes were grouped around a central square where ceremonies and social gatherings took place
- Farming: Primarily corn
- Fishing: Freshwater fish sometimes caught by poisoning streams to stun fish
- Hunting: Deer, other small game hunted using blow guns, bows and arrows, and dogs
Beliefs and Practices
- The Yuchi traditionally associate the sun with their tribal origin accounts.
- Like many tribes of the Southeast, they held a yearly corn harvest ceremony. Their Green Corn ceremonies continue to be held to this day. In Oklahoma there are three ceremonial grounds: Kellyville, Iron Post, and Duck Creek. Of the three, Kellyville is considered to be pure Yuchi. The other two, while Yuchi in name, nevertheless have strong Creek components as well.
- Infants, believed to be connected to the creator spirit for some time after birth, were not named until they were four or five days old.
Related Yuchi Indian Resources
- Special thanks to Gary White Deer of the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma for his help with this page.
- Milling, Chapman J. Red Carolinians, second edition. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1969, pp. 179-87.
- Leitch, Barbara A Concise Dictionary of Indian Tribes of North America. Algonac, MI: Reference Publications, 1979, pp. 536-38.
- Swanton, John R. The Indian Tribes of North America. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Instition Press, 1984, pp. 103-4.


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Patient without a Protocol
- Anyone requesting EMS services will receive a professional evaluation, treatment, and transportation (if needed) in a systematic, orderly fashion regardless of the patient's problem or condition.
- To ensure the provision of appropriate medical care for every patient regardless of the patient's problem or condition.
- Treatment and medical direction for all patient encounters, which can be triaged into an EMS patient care protocol, is to be initiated by protocol.
- When confronted with an emergency or situation that does not fit into an existing EMS patient care protocol, the patient should be treated by the Universal Patient Care Protocol and it is recommended that the Medical Control Physician be contacted for further instruction


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Kernel Papers
Hilbert-Schmidt Integral Operator
Hilbert-Schmidt Kernel
A Hilbert-Schmidt kernel is a function \(k: \Omega \times \Omega \rightarrow \mathbb{C}\) such that \(k\) is a square integrable function, written \(k \in L^2(\Omega \times \Omega, \mathbb{C}). This means that\)k \(\)\int_{\Omega} \int_{\Omega} |k(x, y)|^2 dx dx < \infty$$.
Hilbert-Schmidt Integral Operator
For a given kernel \(k\), we can define an associated following linear operator \(T_k: L^2(\Omega, \mathbb{C}) \rightarrow L^2(\Omega, \mathbb{C})\):
\[(T_k u)(x) = \int_{\Omega} k(x, y) u(y) dy\]
To be clear, the input function is \(u \in L^2(\Omega, \mathbb{C})\) and the output function is \((T_k u) \in L^2(\Omega, \mathbb{C})\); the above sentence tells us how to evaluate the function for a given \(x \in \Omega\).


The Question:
Was Alfred Nobel married and did he have children?
The Answer:
No and no.
Swedish-born chemist and inventor Alfred Bernhard Nobel was what we call nowadays "a workaholic," which left little time for a personal life. He spent a good portion of his life traveling and working. By the time he died in 1896 Nobel had learned several languages and had 355 patents.
According to the Nobel Museum in Stockholm, the closest Nobel ever came to having a wife was when he was 43 years old. He ran the following ad in the newspaper: "Wealthy highly-educated elderly gentleman seeks lady of mature age, versed in languages, as secretary and supervisor of household."
The most qualified candidate was an Austrian woman named Countess Bertha Kinsky. She worked for Nobel for two years beginning in 1876 before returning to Austria to marry Count Arthur von Suttner. Despite this, Nobel and Bertha von Suttner remained good friends and corresponded regularly.
As time went on von Suttner became increasingly critical of the arms race and in 1899 published what would become a classic book in the peace movement, Die Waffen nieder (Lay Down Your Arms).
Unquestionably this relationship influenced Nobel when he wrote his final will which established annual awards, called Nobel Prizes, for work in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, and literature, and toward the promotion of international peace.
Bertha von Suttner was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1905.
—The Fact Monster


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At the end of last year, Year 9 students had the opportunity to pilot drones at the College. They attended a workshop titled 'Drones: the future of work!' delivered by Global Drone Solutions. This workshop was part of the Year 9 Career Taster program.
Our students learnt about career pathways in the Drone Industry. They were able to pilot a range of drones and operate them safely. Students used their drones to navigate a range of obstacle courses and competed in time trials during the day.
Our students found the workshop to be highly beneficial. Listed below is feedback from some of the students who attended the course:
"We were able to fly two different kinds of drones in two different environments. They showed us how to connect them, put them together and fly them. It was really fun. I liked flying them outdoors the most. The drones could go so high. The inside course was challenging and required a lot of focus and concentration to try and get the drones through the hoops without crashing them. All in all, though, the whole experience was really fun, and something I could learn relatively quickly." Leela Baird
"It was fun as we had the opportunity to fly drones and look at what pathways there are as a job in the drone industry." Ashton Warburton
"It was a very fun day we had. it was interesting to learn about drones and how they are used for work" Travis Coulson
The drone incursion was a unique experience for me and probably all of us. It was highly informative and definitely an underrated career path." Jake Robinson
The Year 9 Career Taster Program (CTP) is an exciting and innovative program designed for Year 9 students to become 'career curious' and get a taste of different career options, education, and training pathways. Students can explore career pathways, try hands-on industry-based activities and see occupations in action.
The program is also designed to challenge how students think about their post-school options and help them make more informed decisions on their subject selections for Years 10, 11 and 12.
Students in Years 11 and 12 will have the opportunity to complete the Certificate III in Aviation (Remote Pilot) as a part of the VET for Secondary Students program at Bunbury Regional Trade Training Centre.
Obtaining drone qualifications opens a range of opportunities embraced by a growing number of industries and applications.
For more information on the Certificate III in Aviation (Remote Pilot) please contact the Career Services Team at Our Lady of Mercy College.
The College would like to thank Tish Kneuker from South Regional TAFE for coordinating the event and making it a great learning opportunity for our students.