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Jewell water filter
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Cross section of 12 foot gravitational subsidence filter designed by Jewell
A Jewell water filter was a system of slow sand filters for filtering and treating water for drinking purposes that made use of gravity to allow water to percolate through a column of sand inside cylindrical cisterns that was widely used in the early twentieth century. They are named after Omar Hestrian Jewell (1 July 1842 - 19 June 1931) and his sons who established Jewell Pure Water Company in Chicago in 1890. Jewell water filters were used in many city water supply systems across the world and modified versions continue to be in use.
Upper level of a Jewell filter in use at Niagara in the late 1890s
History[edit | edit source]
Slow sand filters were introduced at a point when the nature of disease causing organisms in typhoid and cholera had been established. Omar Jewell was a mechanical engineer who designed farm equipment and he took an interest in solving some of the problems involved in the filtration of water and established the O.H.Jewell Filter Company and was financed by Chicago based waterwork dealers. His son William H. Jewell graduated in 1887 from the College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois and served as a chemist in the company.[1]
Upper section of a Jewell filter in India
The first Jewell filters were built for use at Rock Island, Illinois in 1891. Jewell filters evolved over time to substitute open sand bed filters which had problems in the United States: freezing in winter and algal growth in summer introducing an odour to the water. Over time Omar and his sons owned several patents in water filtration, nearly 50 patents between 1888 and 1900, including novel systems for combining filtering and chlorination.[1][2] The Jewell's received and by 1896 nearly 21 plants in the United States of America used Jewell filters. In 1898 the O.H.Jewell Filter Company settled a patent infringement claim over a coagulation process patented by Isaiah Smith Hyatt, brother of John Wesley Hyatt, in 1884 and owned by the New York Filter Manufacturing Company. Other filter companies came up during the period and there were numerous patent litigations and company mergers with Jewell merging with the New York Filter Manufacturing Company in 1900[3] to become the single major New York Continental Jewell Filtration Company. The resulting company owned the licenses to most of the valuable patents of the day and by 1909 they had nearly 360 plants in operation.[4] Several were built in far away places like India with the largest being in Kolar at Bethamangala with a capacity of 2,000,000 gallons per day.[5] The one in Warsaw was the largest in Europe in its time.[1]
Jewell catalog (1897)
An outbreak of typhoid during the 1890s in the city of Pittsburgh led to calls for improved sanitation and improvements in the quality of drinking water supply. Pittsburgh Filtration Commission was established in June 1896 and it recommended in 1899 a slow-sand filtration system. Once this became operational, the cases of typhoid were greatly reduced.[6] The Filtration commission wrote to several companies but only two agreed to enter the tests. These were the Cumberland manufacturing company and the Morison-Jewell Filtration Company and the committee experimented with a Warren filter and a Jewell filter.[7][8][9] Jewell filters underwent further bacteriological tests in Alexandria and Berlin and their approval led to their wider adoption in numerous town water supplies in the early 1900s.[5] The British troops at Alexandria brought down typhoid deaths to zero by 1905 with water treatments that included the use of Jewell filters.[10]
Plan view
Construction and working[edit | edit source]
Jewell filters, unlike their predecessors, open sand filters, were housed indoors and included mechanical action to turn and wash the sand with their their key advantages being their ability to work in winter and reduce bacterial counts. The water from a river or lake is first passed through sedimentation beds where a coagulant such as alum is added. The water then goes into the sand bed within cylinders of the Jewell filters and the coagulant forms a film on top of it. The sand beds are cleaned by stirring them with rotary arms and washing with water pumped at pressure from below. The Warren filter also had a similar system for washing sand. The design to carry away the wash effluent however differed between the Warren and Jewell filters.[9] The company later produced variations that used water under pressure than to merely rely on gravity.[11]
References[edit | edit source]
 1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Hager, Willi H. (2015). Hydraulicians in the USA _PHONE_. CRC Press. p. 2205. ISBN 9781138028289.
 2. Baker, M.N. (1941). "The three Jewells: Pioneers in mechanical filtration". Engineering News Record. 126: 179.
 3. Baker, Moses Nelson (1948). The quest for pure water: the history of water purification from the earliest records to the twentieth century, Volume 1. American Water Works Association. pp. 219–222.
 4. Hendricks, David W. (2006). Water Treatment Unit Processes: Physical and Chemical. CRC Press. p. 535.
 5. 5.0 5.1 Jewell Filters in the Orient (1906)
 6. Gregory, G. P. (1974). "A Study in Local Decision Making: Pittsburgh and Sewage Treatment". Western Pennsylvania History: _PHONE_. 57 (1): 25–42.
 7. Anon. (1899). Report of the Filtration Commission of the City of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. pp. 110–111.
 8. Johnson, George A. (1914). "Present day water filtration practice". Journal (American Water Works Association). 1 (1): 31–80.
 9. 9.0 9.1 Knowles, Morris (1900). "Description of experimental filter plant at Pittsburgh, and results of experiments". Journal of the New England Water Works Association. 15 (2): 148–188.
 10. Curtin, Philip DeArmond (1998). Disease and Empire: The Health of European Troops in the Conquest of Africa. Cambridge University Press. p. 133.
 11. Don, John; Chisholm, John (1913). Modern methods of water purification (2 ed.). London: Edward Arnold. pp. 167–174.
External links[edit | edit source]
This article "Jewell water filter" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or its subpage Jewell water filter/edithistory. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.


text:
The U.S. Department of Energy has announced a new round of financing for its hydropower incentive program in conjunction with the National Hydropower Association's annual Waterpower Week in Washington.
The program, spearheaded by DOE's Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, is open to project owners and operators that produced hydroelectric power in 2015 from new equipment added to an existing dam or conduit constructed before 2005.
The $3.5 million in funding will be awarded as incentive payments based on kilowatt hours of hydro power generated in Calendar Year 2015, with qualified applicants eligible to receive 2.3 cents per kWh during the incentive period.
"The program has been very successful, and we've really provided incentives for a new generation of hydropower generation across the country," said DOE Director of Wind and Waterpower Jose Zayas during the conference's opening session today. "The first rounds have gone great, and we're excited to release this new opportunity."
DOE data shows hydro assets have helped eliminate more than 200 million metric tons of carbon emissions per year while providing about 7% of the nation's power. Adding hydroelectric generating capacity to currently non-powered infrastructure could provide as must as 12 GW of energy to the country's grids.
More information about the incentive program can be found at DOE's website here. Applications for funding are due by May 31, 2016.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Banks have smartly used the low rates of the last ten years to restructure their liabilities so that they are much less interest rate sensitive than they were during the last tightening cycle. The fear is that as we face the next tightening cycle, banks will relax and give themselves carte blanche to add more time deposits. This happens every rate cycle, and in this article, we review what happened during the last cycle and point out ways that banks can avoid becoming more interest rate sensitive.
The Last Cycle
During the last cycle of interest rate increases from mid-2004 thru early 2006, banks changed their deposit mix that served to increase the industry's deposit sensitivity. The median non-interest bearing deposit (NIB DDA) made up 15.3% of total deposits. By the end of the cycle that percentage fell to 14.5%. By the same token, time deposits jumped from 35.8% to 41.2% (graphic below). This mix change served to increase the interest rate sensitivity at the average bank cause the average bank to lose franchise value as rates rose.
While this might seem like a small change, consider that most deposit products increase their interest rate sensitivity as rates increase. Certificates of deposits, for example, started the last cycle with a 62% beta, before increasing to close to 80%. Below are the weighted medians during that period.
As can be seen, certificates of deposits are more than six times more sensitive to interest rates, so for the average bank to add 5.4% of total deposits to their time deposits, that ends up being a material increase in beta for the balance sheet. During the last cycle, the beta at banks increased some 60% over the cycle.
We have now seen a 1.0% increase in Fed Funds rate increases since the start of this cycle back in December of 2015. With each rate increase, deposit betas increase. Back in late 2015, there was very little rate pressure on deposits, and so the first rate increased moved deposit betas up by 6%. However, this last rate increase moved deposit betas up by 24%. If you project the sensitivity forward based on the last rate cycle but apply it to our lower, more benign starting point, you get an increase in betas of about 55% for the industry. New liquidity requirements for larger banks should serve to make them a little more interest rate sensitive than before, but those changes likely may increase betas another couple percentage points.
Since community banks tend to be more interest rate sensitive than their larger brethren over the cycle, we expect our betas to increase by closer to approximately 90% by the end of the cycle.
Putting This Into Action
Measure Often: Keep in mind that deposit sensitivity isn't a linear relationship. As detailed above, during this cycle, betas have increased incrementally for each increase. This is to say that the first 100 basis points of every rate cycle are more muted than the second 100 basis point increase. This means that bankers need to pay particular attention to their moves with each cycle and plan on deposits becoming more competitive in the future. Like last time, there is always a large group of banks that get complacent and find themselves behind the deposit raising curve.
Protecting Your Core: The biggest mistake banks made during the last cycle was to panic. Many banks let their loans outstrip their deposits and had to increase deposit rates in their local markets. In doing so they cannibalized their existing deposit base. During this time in 2006, many banks did an excellent job training their depositors to be rate sensitive, much to their determent. If and when you need to raise deposits, how you do it matters. When in doubt, wholesale funds, such as brokered CDs, are excellent short-term solutions that permit more time to figure out how to raise long-term, low-rate sensitive deposits.
Manage Loans-to-Deposits: Banks are now averaging 85% loan-to-deposits. That is a red flag as it doesn't give banks too much room for organic loan growth, draws on existing lines of credit and normal liquidity fluctuations. Loan growth comes at a cost and many times bankers are not cognizant of the net incremental change to franchise value. Once banks get above 85%, it becomes more likely that the value they create on the loan side is less than the value destroyed on the liability side. Having to shift your mix to more CDs can come at a material cost to the value of your liabilities.
Have Intent on Deposit Sales and Pricing: Design and market deposits with low beta early in order to build up a reserve of deposits that can be used in pro-growth times. Banks that have a high amount of checking accounts, goal-oriented accounts, health savings accounts, retirement accounts and cash management services in addition to a 70% loan-to-deposit ratio may be in the perfect position to excel during the back end of our current cycle.
Submitted by Chris Nichols on December 04, 2017


text:
Apple has applied for a new patent which covers a series of measures to protect iPhone users from thieves and unauthorized users. Using the technology in the patent titled "Systems and Methods for Identifying Unauthorized Users of an Electronic Device", Apple can identify users based on their images, voice recording and even their unique heartbeat patterns. If any of these don't match, the user can be flagged as an unauthorized user and the iPhone's camera can be activated, the captured images can be geotagged and sent to a remote server. It can also log keystrokes and phone calls and send it back to the remote server.
All the sensitive data of the user can also be backed up to a remote server and then deleted remotely, once unauthorized access is detected.
What's alarming about the patent is that some of the methods it uses to identify unauthorized access include hacking, jailbreaking and unlocking the iPhone. Jailbreaking the iPhone allows you to gain full access to the file system and run any code you want, as opposed to apps approved by Apple only. Using the technology described in the patent, Apple could automatically disable jailbroken or unlocked iPhones citing unauthorized usage.
Jailbreaking and Unlocking were recently declared to be legal by the regulators in the United States.
Check out the complete patent filing here: USPTO

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Polish Ordinal Numbers
Polish Teacher
Numbers and Dates
What are ordinal numbers?
They are 'first','second', 'third' etc.
They are very useful to learn!
When to use ordinal numbers in Polish
There are many situations and sentences where you will need to use ordinal numbers. They include:
 - When talking about dates in Polish
 - When talking about the time (for example when saying something is "1 o'clock" = godzina pierwsza.
 - and of course when saying things like "this is the first...".
What are the Polish ordinal numbers?
The table below shows them in masculine form. Remember they can be fem. (replace -y with -a) or neut. form too (replace with -e)
English Polish
First pierwszy
Second drugi
Third trzeci
4th czwarty
5th piąty
6th szósty
7th siódmy
8th ósmy
9th dziewiąty
Tenth dziesiąty
Eleventh jedenasty
12th dwunasty
13th trzynasty
14th czternasty
15th piętnasty
16th szesnasty
17th siedemnasty
18th osiemnasty
19th dziewiętnasty
20th dwudziesty
21st dwudziesty pierwszy
30th trzydziesty
100th setny
200th dwusetny
300th trzechsetny
400th czterechsetny
500th pięćsetny
1000th tysięczny
1000000th milionowy
Think you know these words? Take a free online Polish vocab test of these words here Online Test
Next Related Lessons:


. Use '^V^I' to insert a real tab, and remember that pre-existing tabs will not be affected. Use the '^A-' operator command to eliminate pre-existing tabs from a region of text. (B) tabstop (ts) Set the value for spacing of normal tabstops. (B) tagignorecase (tc) Causes tag searches to be done ignoring upper and lower case. (B) taglength (tl) Sets the significant length for tags. If non-zero, lookups for names longer than the taglength value will only attempt to match that many characters. If a lookup is for a shorter pattern, or the value of taglength is zero, then the tags must match the lookup pattern exactly. This will not effect tags picked up from the cursor -- they are always matched exactly. (B) tagrelative (tr) Causes files looked up via the tags mechanism to be found relative to the location of the tags file, rather than relative to the current directory. This allows the same tags file to be useful from different locations, while not requiring absolute filenames. For example, using 'set tags "tags ../tags"' would allow a single tags file (located in the parent) to be used in a small source hierarchy from either the parent or a child directory. (B) tags Gives a path of names of file(s) in which to look up tag references. It is a whitespace-separated list of filenames. Relative pathnames in this list are evaluated with respect to the current directory of vile at the time of the tags lookup. (B) tagword (tw) When scanning the word to lookup from the cursor position for the tags mechanism, grab the whole word rather than the substring starting at the cursor position. The latter, which is vi-like, is the default. (B) terse vile produces more "status" messages than vi, which may become annoying at low baud rates. Setting terse mode will suppress many of these. (B) terse-selections (tsel) Boolean indicating whether or not additional information is displayed about a selection. When false, the starting and ending positions of the selection are displayed as the selection is extended. The default is true. (W) timeoutlen How long to wait for the characters of a :map'd sequence. Typically needed to resolve the ambiguity between a user-pressed ESCape key and an ESC character that is part of a function key sequence. vile will wait for "timeoutlen" milliseconds after seeing an ESC, in order to check the next character of input. The time defaults to 500, or half a second. Users of fast local screens, like a local xterm, may wish to reduce this to something like 50 for crisper response to a user-pressed ESC. (U) timeoutlen-user If set non-zero, this will enforce a maximum waiting time for characters in a user-defined :map sequence. If zero, the value of timeoutlen, above, will be used for both "system" and user sequences. It is likely that a short time is desired for system sequences, and a long time for user sequences. For this reason the default value of timeoutlen-user is 60000. This will give a full minute to type each character of a user-defined :map. Be careful -- extremely large values may overflow the word size on smaller machines, i.e, you will probably want to avoid setting timeoutlen-user larger than 65535. (U) undolimit (ul) Sets a limit on how many undoable buffer-changing commands will be saved. If set to 0, there is no limit, and all changes are undoable. The default value is 10. (B) unprintable-as-octal (uo) If an 8-bit character is non-printing, it will normally be displayed in hex. This setting will force octal display. Non-printing characters whose 8th bit is not set are always displayed in control character (e.g. '^C') notation. (B) view View the file only. No changes are permitted. (B) view-on-readonly (viewro) Causes "view" mode to be set for read-only files. (U) visual-matches When a search command is executed, the cursor will move as usual. In addition, all matching occurrences of the searched-for pattern (in the current buffer) will be emphasized according to the value of this mode: "none", "underline", "bold", "italic", or "reverse". Additionally, on systems which support color, this mode may be used to set the text foreground color using any of the color values. The '=' command can be used to clear this sort of highlighting, until the next search is done for a different pattern. Note that setting this mode can significantly slow down the editor's operation when complex or frequently occurring patterns are used, since vile will need to scan the entire buffer for matches on any change to the buffer. (B) warn-rename When using ":e" to find a file that has the same name as another buffer, vile will normally offer for you to edit the proposed alternate name for the buffer constructed by adding a "-1", "-2", etc. to the end of the name. Turning off "warn-rename" will make vile choose buffer names without user intervention. (U) warn-reread When using ":e!" to reread a buffer from the file on disk, vile will normally warn you that you are about to clobber a modified buffer. Turning off "warn-reread" mode will make vile assume you known what you are doing. (U) warn-unread When leaving the editor, if not all buffers have been "visited", then normally vile will complain, and remind the user to use ":q!". Turning off "warn-unread" mode will suppress this behavior. (U) working If turned off (noworking), will suppress the activity indicator ("working..."/"...working") which appears during long-running operations. (U) wrapmargin (wm) Implements vi's auto-wrap mode. If nonzero, the wrapmargin specifies the number of columns on the screen's right margin to reserve before breaking the input lines on a preceding space. Thus a value of 5 and an 80 column screen will result in 75 character lines. This mode is different from the "wrapwords" mode (below) which uses the "fillcol" setting as its target column. The two modes probably shouldn't both be used at once. (B) wrapscan (ws) Text searches will continue from past the bottom of the file to the top, and vice-versa. (B) wrapwords (ww) [deprecated] Similar to, but different from, vi's auto-wrap mode (i.e. "wrapmargin"). While inserting, words are moved to the next line if the current line gets too long. Wrapping is only attempted when a space is typed. The target maximum width of lines is changed with the "fillcol" setting. (B) xterm-mouse Enables mouse-clicking if you are running within an xterm. That is, it allows vile to receive mouse events. Since this mode overrides xterm's cut & paste, you will need to use the Shift key when pressing the mouse buttons to cut and paste between X windows. Your TERM variable's termcap entry must contain the string "xterm" for this to work. (U) 8-Bit Operation --------------- vile allows input, manipulation, and display of all 256 possible byte-wide characters. (Double-wide characters are not supported.) Output ------ By default, characters with the high bit set (decimal value 128 or greater) will display as hex (or octal; see "non-printing- octal" above) sequences, e.g. \xA5. A range of characters which should display as themselves (that is, characters understood by the user's display terminal) may be given using the "printing-low" and "printing-high" settings (see above). Useful values for these settings are 160 and 255, which correspond to the printable range of the ISO-Latin-1 character set. Input ----- There are basically three ways of getting 8-bit characters into a vile buffer: Directly -- if the user's input device (i.e. the terminal or xterm) can generate all characters, and if the terminal settings are such that these characters pass through unmolested, then vile will happily incorporate them into the user's text, or act on them if they are bound to functions. On an xterm, try "stty cs8 -parenb -istrip". Real serial lines may take more convincing, at both ends, but use that stty command as a starting point. As numbers -- the ^V prefix (or, more correctly, the key bound to the "quote-next-character" function), if followed by up to three digits


Bulk Uploading content allows you to quickly upload content into Perenso.
General guidelines to Bulk uploading are:
 - Ensure the content are save with similar names to the product. This will enable Perenso to provide a list of possible products associated with the content.
 - Ensure content are compress to smaller file size. This will assist with memory capacity on the iPad.
 1. Click on Content.
 2. Click Create New Content.
 The New Content screen will appear. This screen allows you to select the album in which you like to add the content to or create links between content, product and work item.
 3. In the Description field, enter a description for the new content.
 4. In the Labels field, enter tags so content can be searched.
 5. In the Albums field, enter a description for a new album or select an existing one.
 6. Untick Date Range if there is a start and end date to your content and add in the dates.
 7. In the Content section, click Choose a File, and select the files you wish to upload.
 8. In the Preview Image section, click Choose a File or Make Thumbnail of Current Content for the display preview image.
 9. In the Link section, click Add New Link to link the content to a product or work item.
 10. Click Save Changes to save content.


Re: Saxonica Comments on XProc last-call draft, sections 1 and 2
From: Norman Walsh
Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2007 13:59:25 -0400
To: Michael Kay
Message-ID:
/ Michael Kay was heard to say:
| 1. Technical (but non-normative). Fig 1 Example. Since the example is trying
| to illustrate that a pipeline takes XML documents as input, it would be
| better if the input consisted of "schema documents" rather than "schemas".
| (A schema document is an XML document, a schema is not).
Fair enough; I think we could change the labels in the diagram to
read "source document", "schema documents", and "result document".
| 2. Nomenclature. "validate-xml-schema" is a misleading name for a step that
| validates an instance.
Uhm. I suppose. I guess we could rename them "validate-with-xml-schema",
"validate-with-relax-ng", "validate-with-schematron" if you think that
would be a significant improvement.
| 3. Clarification. It becomes clear later, but it's confusing to read in the
| first para of section 2 that a pipeline contains no loops, and in the fourth
| para of 2.1 that a compound step may contain (or "reconstruct") an iterator.
How about:
 [Definition: A pipeline is a set of connected steps, with outputs of
 one step flowing into inputs of another.] A pipeline is itself a
 step and must satisfy the constraints on steps.
And we just leave the whole loop question until later.
| 4. Clarification. In 2.1 it's hard to reconcile the definition [Definition:
| The steps (and the connections between them) within a compound step form a
| subpipeline.] with the next sentence "A compound step can contain one or
| more subpipelines". If the steps form one subpipeline then how can the
| compound step contain many subpipelines? Are we talking about transitive
| containment here?
Yeah, that's a little clumsy; I'll give that some thought.
| 5. Clarification. At the end of 2.1, "A step can have zero parameter input
| ports, and each parameter port can have zero parameters passed on it." it
| might be clearer to say "A step can have zero, one, or many parameter input
| ports, and each parameter port can have zero or one parameters passed on
| it.".
Yes, I think that's an improvement; thanks.
| 6. Clarification. In 2.2, I don't understand this: "Within a compound step,
| the declared outputs of the step can be connected to: * The output port of
| some contained step. * A fixed, inline document or sequence of documents. *
| A document read from a URI." How can an output of a step be a document read
| from a URI?
Like this:
 ...

It seems a little silly in isolation, but recall that all of the
branches of a choose have to have the same outputs. In the otherwise
branch, you may want to dummy up some of them. Having allowed a fixed,
inline binding, it seems arbitrary to forbid a URI binding.
| 7. Technical. In 2.5, Parameters, it seems unnecessarily constraining to
| require that the value of a parameter be a string. In XSLT, for example, it
| is common for a parameter to have a document as its value.
For V1, the WG has decided that all parameters will be exclusively
| 8. Technical. By the time I get to 2.6, I'm wondering what precisely the
| spec means by an "XML Document". An Infoset? A PSVI?
I think "an infoset" is about the best answer we could give. We're
trying to leave implementors the freedom to use SAX events, StaX
events, DOMs, or even serialized XML; whatever they want.
| 9. Technical. In 2.7, the Environment is defined as containing static
| information. And it includes options. But I don't think it's true that the
| values of the options are known statically, is it?
Good point. I'll have to look at that.
| 10. Typo. In 2.8 para 4, "step step".
| 11. Technical 2.8.1. Making the default context node an "empty document
| node" is probably a mistake; you would want to make the decision differently
| with XPath 2.0, and it will be hard to change later.
What do you suggest?
 Be seeing you,
Norman Walsh | Education's purpose is to replace an
_URL_ | empty mind with an open one.--Malcolm
 | Forbes
Received on Wednesday, 26 September 2007 17:59:42 GMT


text:
Breakthrough in supply chain packaging management
Trading Labels of Warrington in Lancashire has developed Webnosys, an integrated information portal which links brand owners, their product suppliers and packaging/printing suppliers.The software developer says it will transform the packaging supply chain because partners can share secure information anywhere in the world, at any time and at any stage of a product's life cycle. It is proving particularly effective in sourcing from overseas markets.
"Webnosys tells all those involved in the supply chain exactly what is happening at any given time," says managing director Steve Pemberton. "It manages the whole life cycle of an item of packaging. Reducing waste is achieved as much in terms of saving time, sourcing and manufacturing more effectively as it is in eliminating wasted product."
Originally a niche product for the labels market, Webnosys can now manage various packaging formats for use across all in-store consumables. This means it can build and manage a label specification to a consistent format, while storing a visual reference of the label linked to the specification. Users can group specifications and manage a range of products from concept to launch, standardizing to a control timeline and sequence where necessary. They can also tender a range of electronic labels to a set list of potential printers, collate the returns and rank bids for evaluation. Another trick is to collate and store inventory levels at various points in the supply chain, allowing data to be collected electronically from a common MIS without re-keying data. Brand owners can publish the sales rate of an item alongside its inventory and generate data relating to customer demand. They can also upload cutter profiles from a converter and pass them to a design/artwork studio.
To meet security concerns, the primary database is held locally and web access acts as a window into the data. Each partner can access only their own data. Uploads made using the web are verified before their return to the database to protect data integrity, although users can share valuable information for the benefit of those who need it. Webnosys is supplied either as a fully managed service or as an application hosted on a brand owner's computer system. An unnamed major UK retailer is already using the system for its own-label operation.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
IJSRP, Volume 6, Issue 5, May 2016 Edition [ISSN 2250-3153]
Dr. Eric Randy R. Politud, Ph.D. and Charlie S. Nacaya
Mangoes, papayas and bananas are among the high value fruits where ethephon and storage conditions play a great role on their ripening quality. The study was conducted at Barangay 2, Balingasag, Misamis Oriental from December 6, 2011 to January 21, 2012 to determine the quality and ripening of selected high value fruits in response to varying levels of ethephon applications and packaging materials. It was laid-out in 5x3 factorial in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and replicated four times. Results revealed that dipping papaya, mango and banana fruits to 10 ml ethephon/liter of water induced their earlier ripening; color index, physical appearance, resistance to pests and diseases, organoliptic test and weight loss. For the TSS, dipping papayas in 7.5 ml ethephon solution and the untreated mangoes gave the sweetest fruits. Dipping bananas with ethephon showed resistance to pests and diseases. For Factor B, the ambient/polyethylene bags ripened banana fruits at earlier time; wrapping in newspapers fastly developed colors, TSS, least weight loss, while at ambient condition showed better pests resistance. Wrapping mangoes and bananas in newspapers showed very firm fruits, pest and diseases resistance, good taste, TSS and least weight loss. On interaction effects, dipping fruits in 10 ml ethephon solution in newspapers gave better results for earlier, quality and uniform ripening and least weight losses of fruits, thus recommended. Although the ambient condition gave sweeter fruits especially among mangoes. Obtaining fruits of equal age of physiological maturity is also recommended to avoid biases in the study.


text:
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Identify current patterns of ill health and inequality in the UK. Explain probable causes of the current patterns of ill health and inequality in the UK (M1)
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The first 200 words of this essay...
Identify current patterns of ill health and inequality in the UK (P3)
Explain probable causes of the current patterns of ill health and inequality in the UK (M1)
Although people are living longer than ever before, with mortality rates fallen over the last 50 years, unacceptable inequalities in health still persist but have changed. Over the last century Public health issues were dominantly childhood deaths from illness and infectious diseases, problems that have now been eradicated such as small pox or controlled such as measles, mumps and rubella. Public health issues in the current times have change to more lifestyle issues such as diet, smoking, exercise and consumption of alcohol, causing a rise in deaths from cancers, coronary heart disease, and stoke as well as public health issues such as diabetes and obesity. Although on average we are living healthier and longer lives, health and life expectancy are not shared equally across the population. These inequalities affect the whole of society and they can be identified at all stages of the life course from pregnancy to old age, and subsequently into next generations.
"The weight of scientific evidence supports a socio-economic explanation of health inequalities, this
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that is raised commercially for grocery store shelves.
Humanely Killing a Chicken for Food
Processing a Chicken for Food
Processing Your Meat Chickens
There are a couple of options available for processing meat birds. Some people do choose to do the processing themselves while others choose to take their birds to a meat processing company. If you are choosing to take your chickens to a meat processing company, it is best to have the processing company in your area located early on.
Processing birds at home is a rewarding experience. You have raised your own food, know exactly what the bird has consumed it's entire life and took the responsibility for the life of the bird. It is different for everyone on processing day. Sometimes it can be an emotional experience and sometimes it is just going through the motions of providing for your family.
There are a few different techniques for ending the bird's life when you process chickens at home. The ax method of chopping the bird's head off is the one that most people picture in their minds. The chicken is then left to flop around headless around the area.
There are more humane ways to do this.
 - Cone MethodPlace the chicken head first into a processing cone where the head is sticking out of the bottom. The chicken's head can be cut off with and extremely sharp knife and the blood drained quickly and easily.
 - Holding the Chicken Between the KneesSitting in a chair with the chicken between the knees with their back facing you. Reaching around with an extremely, razor blade sharp knife, quickly cut the chicken's neck at the base of the skull being sure to hit the jugular vein. If done correctly, the chicken will bleed out, pass out and will be ready in a few seconds.
Once the chicken has been killed, the feathers need to be removed. This can be easily done by giving the chicken a quick dip into scalding water. Dipping into this water helps to release the feathers. Hanging the chicken by one leg upside down will make feather removal easier.
After feather removal, the innards need to be removed. Cut the chicken around the rear end being careful not to puncture the intestines. After the body cavity is open, the innards can easily be removed by using your hand to simply scoop them out. The liver, gizzard, heart and testicles can be separated at this point for saving.
The feet can be cut off and saved for using in stock. Adding chicken feet to chicken stock makes the stock thicker and more savory. You will also want to be sure to remove the oil gland that is at the base of the tail. The oil has a very unfavorable taste.
The chicken carcass will need to rest for at least 24 hours in the refrigerator before being cooked. This gives the meat time to relax and the rigor to leave the body. Processed chickens can be wrapped and frozen for later use right after processing.
© 2012 Helena Ricketts
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 - Carole Mireri profile image
 Carole Mireri
 2 years ago
 Quite informative. Where I come from we don't let the chicken carcass'rest' for 24 hours. It becomes meat on the table within 3 hours or so of'slaughering' it.
 - Helena Ricketts profile imageAUTHOR
 Helena Ricketts
 7 years ago from Indiana
 Thank you Pat! It is fantastic to be able to do this and know exactly what you are eating and where it comes from.
 - profile image
 7 years ago
 I raise all my own meats love it beef chicken pork..if you can do this at any level for your family I encourage it greatly.the children seem more healthy than ever before. good luck to anyone that does this it's great
 - rajan jolly profile image
 Rajan Singh Jolly
 Excellent hub and very practical information here Helena. As a former poultry breeder, I can say you have done a fantastic job in educating your readers the correct way chickens should be raised.
 Voting this up, useful and interesting.
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text:
To use FILESTREAM feature both Windows administrator and SQL Server administrator have to enable it. While enabling from Windows there are three options to choose from:
- Enable FILESTREAM for Transact-SQL Access check box.
- Enable FILESTREAM for file I/O streaming access. This is to read and write FILESTREAM data from Windows. Enter the name of the Windows share in the Windows Share Name box.
- Select Allow remote clients to have streaming access to FILESTREAM data. This is to let remote clients access the FILESTREAM data stored on this share.
For SQL Server instance there are three options to choose from:
- 0 – Disable FILESTREAM support for this instance
- 1 – enable FILESTREAM for Transact-SQL access only
- 2 – enable FILESTREAM for Transact-SQL and Win32 streaming access
Note that FILESTREAM would perform worse for 1MB+ size files for full read/write if Transact-SQL is chosen (and Win32 streaming is not chosen) than no FILESTREAM BLOB.
Now that FILESTREAM is enabled, we can go ahead to do the rest of the setups.
First, create a file group to keep the FILESTREAM data. There is a 1:1 mapping between data containers and file groups.
ALTER DATABASE MyDatabase ADD FILEGROUP MyFileStreamGroup1 CONTAINS FILESTREAM;
Second, define data container. In the below example, "D:\Production" must exist already. "D:\Production\FileStreamDataContainerRoot" is going to be the root of the data container.
ALTER DATABASE MyDatabase ADD FILE ( NAME = FileStreamGroup1File, FILENAME = 'D:\Production\FileStreamDataContainerRoot') TO FILEGROUP MyFileStreamGroup1 ;
Third, create a table with a FILESTREAM column. All FILESTREAM columns of a table must go to a single FILESTREAM group that can be specified, defaulting to default FILESTREAM filegroup. Table must have a column of the non-null uniqueidentifier data type with ROWGUIDCOL attribute and either a UNIQUE or PRIMARY KEY single-column constraint. FILESTREAM data container will have a directory for a table with subdirectory corresponding to the FILESTREAM column of the table.
USE MyDatabase ; GO CREATE TABLE TableWithFileStreamColumn ( DocumentID INT IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY, Document VARBINARY (MAX) FILESTREAM NULL, DocGUID UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL ROWGUIDCOL UNIQUE DEFAULT NEWID ()) FILESTREAM_ON MyFileStreamGroup1;


1638 10 11259 2 44138 document 11259 Bird-escape-BBEvolution-73.pdf application/pdf _PHONE_-08 20:37:14 _URL_ 1638 2 2 application/pdf application/pdf public
Bird-escape-BBEvolution-73.pdf
_URL_ _URL_ _URL_ _URL_ _URL_ _URL_
archive 1054 disk0/00/00/16/38 2001-06-26 2011-03-11 08:54:43 2007-09-12 16:39:18 journalp show 0 Introduction: An escape, hide and freeze (EHF) system has been plotted in the chick diencephalon and compared with that described in mammals, with particular reference to the defensive threat and fleeing system described for the cat. It is largely medially distributed and supra-threshold stimulation at different sites in the core of this system can elicit a mix of these behaviours. (These EHF behaviours can also be elicited peripherally. These results emerged from a broadly based study of CNS sites that were investigated for their potential to support electrical self-stimulation.) Results: 1/ The EHF system starts in the rostral anterior hypothalamus and runs backward through the medial dorsal hypothalamus. 2/ A lateral extension occurs at the entry of the hypothalamic component of the Tractus occipito-mesencephalicus (TOM). 3/ Posterior to this TOM junction the system shows a ventral extension, but this does not include the N. ventromedialis: it coincides instead with medial and periventricular fibres. 4/ The preoptic area, lateral hypothalamic and mamillary areas were all free of EHF sites. Conclusions: a - The EHF system thus corresponds well with the distribution of the defensive escape-threat system in mammals. b - In both mammals and birds similar behaviour can be elicited from both the diencephalic escape system and the central mesencephalic gray. The two are probably connected in the bird by periventricular routes, part of which can be identified by EHF sites. c - The discussion also refers to other properties of the EHF system such as its role in vocalisation and activation by non-reinforcement. _URL_ Andrew Oades pub escape, hide, freeze, reinforcement, vocalisation, threat, defence, anatomy, electrical stimulation, bird, cat, hypothalamus, Tractus occipitomesencephalicus, diencephalon, preoptic area, mamillary, mesencephalic grey 191-210 TRUE Brain, Behavior and Evolution Karger TRUE behav-neuro-sci neuro-anat neuro-physio psy-bio Escape, hiding and freezing behaviour elicited by electrical stimulation of the chick diencephalon 8 published 1973 public


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As well known, we can prove Poincare duality in terms of morse theory. (By comparing two chain complexes obtained from two morse functions, $f\colon M\to \mathbb{R}$,$-f\colon M\to \mathbb{R}$ for smooth closed manifold $M$)
Of course, I can prove Alexander duality theorem by using usual Lefschetz-Poincare duality theorem and some excision arguments.
But, I want to prove Alexander duality theorem by using a morse function defined on $S^{n}-X$, for a submanifold $X$ of $S^n$.
Are there any references or proofs about this?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
There are various versions of stratified Morse theory out there, the granddaddy being the Goresky-Macpherson work. But for these purposes you're fine just using Morse theory on manifolds with boundary, which is a straightforward generalization of plain old Morse theory. In this setting you get Alexander duality "seen" at the chain-complex level in some sense, kind of analogous to Poincare's proof using dual cell decompositions to a triangulation, of the Morse theory/handle proof you refer to.
It's a little different though. The idea is to take the standard height function on $S^n$, and to perturb it so that it restricts to a Morse function on $M \subset S^n$, and on the boundary of a smooth tubular neighbourhood to $M$. Critical points to the height function, restricted to $M$ split into two kinds -- the kinds that contribute cells to the decomposition of the tubular neighbourhood, and the kinds that contribute to the decomposition of the complement. So a $k$-cell for $M$ corresponds to a $(n-k-1)$-cell for the complement. And so on.
I can say more later.
edit: The key idea is that if a function $f : S^n \to \mathbb R$ is morse on a submanifold $M \subset S^n$, then on the boundary of a small tubular neighbourhood of $M$, it's also Morse. Moreover, critical points of $f$ on $M$ correspond to opposite pairs of critical points on the boundary of the tubular neighbourhood (one over the other, in pairs). Think of Milnor's Morse Theory example of a torus in $\mathbb R^3$, but now think of the torus as the boundary of a tubular neighbourhood of a circle. In stratified Morse theory, the critical points of $f$ on the boundary of the tubular neighbourhood break up into two types of cell attachments: (1) cells for the tubular neighbourood, and (2) cells for the complement. The way you can tell (1) and (2) apart, is that the "down" direction pointing outwards for which ever object the cell is contributing to. This is because in stratified Morse theory you modify the flow so that it stays in your manifold with boundary. If the vector field is orthogonal to the boundary and pointing outwards, there's no natural way to modify the flow, so you get a cell. On the other hand if it points inwards, you certainly can.
So if $M \subset S^n$ is a closed submanifold, let $\nu M$ be a compact tubular neighbourhood of $M$. Let $p \in M$ be a critical point of $f$ that contributes a cell of dimension $i$ to $M$ using the downwards flowline. There are two critical points to $f$ above in $\pi^{-1}(p)$ where $\pi : \partial \nu M \to M$ is bundle projection. The "top" critical point contributes an $(n-m-1+i)$-cell to $\partial \nu M$, also to $\overline{S^n \setminus \nu M}$. The "bottom" point contributes an $i$-cell to $\partial \nu M$, also to $\nu M$.
So if for the purpose of generating $M$'s CW-decomposition we use the upward flowlines, then at a critical point corresponding to an $m-i$ cell on $M$, we have an $n-1-(m-i)$ cell attachment for $\overline{S^n \setminus \nu M}$ using the downward flowlines for $f$. These cells are not only complementary dimensional in the Alexander duality sense, but you can write out very explicitly the bounding cells that intersect in a single point.
I hope that helps. It's best to draw a picture and keep track of the dimensions in a few examples before trying the general picture.
share|improve this answer
_USER_: Could you say a little more? And perhaps about how the flowlines are behaving. Thanks! – Chris Gerig Jul 2 '12 at 16:51
Your Answer


Direct Printing
From BR Wiki
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Direct Printing is printing direct to the port, formerly known as "pass-through" printing. Printer language and control vary for each printer, so for this reason this legacy method of printing has mostly been replaced with Native Windows Printing.
PCL and PJL are popular examples of the proprietary languages used by printers during the process of direct printing.
Printing directly to a network, indicated by NAME=PRN:/ can set a printer as the direct port printer, instead of the original PRN:/10
Also, another printer initialization keyword is supported for direct printing:
 PRINTER xxx INIT HP "..."
This adds certain required keywords to the printer initialization sequence. Some laser printers require these settings for Direct printing. They were previously provided automatically by pass-through printing (the predecessor to Direct printing).
The Printing article contains information about this and other printing processes.


text:
This lesson tests both your vocabulary and your spelling. All the stems (the starts of words) below can have '-able' or '-ible' added to them. Can you decide whether they need able or ible? Once you have decided, try to match the word to the correct sentence. Good luck and let us know how you get on.
-able and -ible are both suffixes, groups of letters that are added to a word to change its meaning or use. When -able and -ible are added to words it generally means 'capable of being' e.g. Enjoyable: can enjoy.
-able When the root word looks like a whole word then you should be able to add able:
Enjoy + able = Enjoyable
When the stem word ends with 'e', drop the 'e' and add '-able'.
Value + able = Valuable
-ible when the full root word is not a whole word you can add ible.
Ed + ible = Edible
Because English has plenty of irregular words, sometimes this 'drop the e rule' does not apply. All you can do is try to remember the irregular words. Many of them have a c or g before the e e.g. noticeable, changeable.
Use -ible or -able with a root word to complete each sentence. Only use each stem word once:


text:
Nestled along the shores of the Mediterranean, Tunisia is a country steeped in ancient history and diverse culture. At the heart of this North African nation lies an enduring fascination with the timeless allure of roses. From ancient origins to modern expressions, roses in Tunisia have played a significant role in shaping the country's history, culture, economy, art, and literature. Join us on a captivating journey as we explore the fascinating world of Tunisia's roses, their cultural significance, economic impact, artistic inspiration, and literary influence.
The history of roses in Tunisia traces back to ancient civilizations Andalusians, who introduced these captivating blooms to the region in 1637. Over time, roses became an integral part of Tunisian gardens, cherished for their beauty and fragrance. Local horticulturists nurtured these flowers, leading to the development of unique rose varieties that thrive in Tunisia's temperate climate.
Every year in May, one of Tunisia's cities, Ariana, hosts the Festival of Roses, which attracts exhibitors from all across the nation presenting a diverse choice of items at low costs. Several species of flowers and roses may be seen blooming in Bir Belhassen Park during the festival, alongside a mosaic of items, most notably colognes, perfumes, and soap.
Roses hold deep cultural significance in Tunisia, symbolizing love, hospitality, and beauty. They feature prominently in traditional ceremonies, including weddings and festivals, where their vibrant colors and delicate fragrance enhance the ambiance. Tunisians have a special affinity for roses. Specifically, they often exchange roses as gestures of affection and goodwill, fostering a sense of community and unity.
Beyond their cultural importance, roses have also made a significant impact on Tunisia's economy. The country's favorable climate and skilled rose cultivators have given rise to a flourishing floriculture industry. Tunisian roses, such as Gallica roses (or locally known as "Ariana Rose") and the Rosa canina varieties (or nesri in Tunisian dialect) have garnered international attention, contributing to the nation's export revenues and providing employment opportunities for local communities.
There are several products that locals have derived from rose plants. For example, rose water distillation has been in the Tunisian traditions since the olden times. Typically, tiny amounts of this floral water are used to cover the hair and the skin, infusing the air with an unforgettable scent. In addition, this holy grail is also used to treat common ailments and enhance baking flavors.
Influence on Art and Literature
The timeless beauty of Tunisian roses has inspired artists and poets alike. Poets such as Aboul-Qacem Echebbi have penned verses celebrating the beauty and symbolism of roses, using them as metaphors for love and resilience.
Tunisian literature often draws inspiration from the allure of roses. Writers like Fadhma Aït Mansour Amrouche use roses as motifs in their works, conveying themes of love, beauty, and heritage. The "Tunisian Treasures" rose serves as a poetic symbol for the country's rich cultural heritage, referenced in Tunisian literary masterpieces.
Influence on Architecture
The charm of roses extends beyond Tunisia's gardens to influence its architecture as rose motifs adorn historic buildings. In Tunisia's north-eastern part lies the country's "City of Roses". Ariana holds a rose garden in Bir Belhassen Park covering 3000 square meters and is home to 16,000 rosebushes and cuttings. The Rose Gallery takes visitors on a unique journey through the history of roses in Ariana. Additionally, it explains the ecological and cultural features of its numerous types, and crowns Ariana's Rose Garden. This artistic fusion of floral aesthetics and architecture creates a captivating atmosphere that delights locals and visitors alike.
Roses Found In Tunisia
There are 10 spontaneous species and subspecies of roses known in Tunisian flora (Le Floc'h, Boulos, and Vella, 2010) growing wild in ravines, with shrubs, and in woods from the north to the Tunisian Dorsal.
In conclusion, the allure of roses in Tunisia weaves a captivating tapestry of history, culture, and art. From ancient civilizations to modern celebrations, roses hold a special place in the hearts of the Tunisian people. Their influence extends beyond aesthetics, impacting the nation's economy, art, and literature. As you wander through Tunisia's scenic gardens, let the timeless elegance of its roses enchant you with a sense of love, hospitality, and enduring charm. Embrace the magic of Tunisia's roses, as they continue to bloom and flourish, forever captivating hearts across the nation and beyond.


text:
Spectacular Space Camp
o celebrate the 50
anniversary of the first moon landing, The Mall is inviting families to an out of this world adventure as the shopping centre welcomes their 'Spectacular Space Camp'.
The free event will see mini astronauts explore the universe, floating through space in virtual reality whilst learning about stars and beyond in The Mall's planetarium.
Running in Central Square from Saturday 27th July until Friday 9
August, children will have the chance to touch a real-life meteorite (4.5 billion years old) before getting changed into their very own space suit and meeting The Mall's Astronomer!


From Hindupedia, the Hindu Encyclopedia
By Swami Harshananda
Sometimes transliterated as: Jatamukuta, JaTAmukuTa, Jataamukuta
Jaṭāmukuṭa literally means 'hair dressed up as a crown'.
Jatā means matted hair and mukuṭa means crown. If the matted hair on the head of a deity is dressed up as a crownit is called 'jaṭāmukuṭa'. We find it on the head of the deity in some forms of Devi, Śiva, Kārttikeya and Śāstā (Ayyappan).


text:
The Alexanderson alternator is driven by a 600 horse power asynchronous two phase 2300V electric motor, driving the high frequency generator via a gear box. The transmitting frequency is in direct proportion to the speed of the motor. One of the great challenges with the SAQ transmitter is to maintain the motor speed at a constant rate, both when the transmitter is idling (Morse key is up) and when it is transmitting (Morse key is pressed down). This is done by an automated control system, however at start-up it needs "tuning assistance" to find the right frequency. After the initial tuning of the transmitter, we normally can keep the frequency between 17190 and 17210 Hz. On the electric motor, with a speed of 711,3 revolutions per minute, this represents a maximum deviation of a single revolution per minute between idle running and full load.
Fredrik / AlexanderSAQ
(thanks to Ola Hernvall for technical assistance)


text: Abstract: We describe case studies of clinically significant changes in sedentary behavior of older adults captured with a novel computer vision algorithm for depth data. An unobtrusive Microsoft Kinect sensor continuously recorded older adults' activity in the primary living spaces of TigerPlace apartments. Using the depth data from a period of ten months, we develop a context aware algorithm to detect person-specific postural changes (sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit events) that define sedentary behavior. The robustness of our algorithm was validated over 33,120 minutes of data for 5 residents against manual analysis of raw depth data as the ground truth, with a strong correlation (r=0.937, p<0.001) and mean error of 17 minutes/day. Our findings are highlighted in two case studies of sedentary activity and its relationship to clinical assessments of functional decline. Our findings show strong potential for future research towards a generalizable platform to automatically study sedentary behavior patterns with an in-home activity monitoring system.


What The Heck Is Nergi Fruit?
The latest superfood has lots of nutrients. But find out how you can serve, eat and snack on delicious Nergi fruit berries.
What are Nergi berries?
It is small, green and tasty. Nergi fruit look like grapes on the outside. On the inside, it's more like kiwi. And the taste is kind of a mix of both.
So, why haven't we seen these in stores until recently? Well, because Nergi fruit aren't native to Canada (surprise, surprise!).
The berries, a.k.a. kiwi berries, are grown in France, Spain, Portugal, Italy and Ukraine, but they originate and are produced in Asia. And they are harvested in August and September, which is why the fall is the best time to buy them.
They're like strawberries, in that you should buy them when they are soft to touch. And, like most berries, you can eat the peel.
Here's how to eat Nergi
You can wash them and snack on them as you like. But they last three days at room temperature and a week when you keep them in the fridge or drawer. You can also add them to smoothies, salads and pretty much any dish you would add fruit to.
What are the nutritional benefits of Nergi?
Well, as a fruit, they're low in calories – 52 calories for about 10 berries. (One is about the size of a small plum.) And it's a good source of fibre, vitamin C and vitamin E. It does have sugar, as most fruits do, and are being touted for their energizing properties.
Ready to try some?
Like we said, you can just snack on them or add them to your favourite fruit recipes for a bit of sweetness. But, we also have these recipes so you can test them out. And they are totally instagrammable, too.


text:
Removal of Tidal Fluctuations from Pumping Test Databy Benjamin S. Levy, ENSR Consulting and Engineering, Acton, United States,
Document Type: Proceeding Paper
Part of: Hydraulic Engineering
Abstract: A simple technique for removing tidal fluctuations from drawdown data was examined. This technique relied simply upon transforming measured surface water level data to fit the pretest groundwater level data. Estimates of aquifer diffusivity obtained from the tidal amplitude multiplier, used to transform the measured surface water level data in the detrending technique, agreed well with estimates derived from type-curve fitting of the transformed drawdown. Use of the surface water data to remove tidal fluctuations from the pumping test data underscored the need to monitor surface water levels in the adjacent tidal water body throughout the entire pumping test.
Subject Headings: Tides | Pumping tests | Data processing | Surface water | Hydrologic data | Drawdown (hydrology) | Water level
Services: Buy this book/Buy this article
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text:
Title:Ink tablet in the form of a turtleArtist:Artist UnknownDate:Eastern Han dynastyCreation Place:Asia, ChinaCredit Line:The William Hood Dunwoody FundAccession Number:32.54.4a,b
This charming Han dynasty (206 b.c.- 220 a.d.) ink stone, modeled in the form of a turtle, features "the eight trigrams" pa-kua carved into the top of its removable shell. The eight trigrams are among the earliest and best-known images associated with Taoism. These visual symbols are the basis for the sixty-four hexagrams of the ancient divination text, the I-Ching or The Book of Changes which was formulated during Western Chou (1050-772 b.c.). In addition to divination, the eight trigrams played a vital role in Taoist alchemical practices and helped explain the cosmological principles of transformation. The eight trigrams and their symbolism are one of several Bronze Age traditions that coalesced during Han to form the basis of religious Taoism.


Make Your Songs Sound Like A Pro With These Easy Steps
When you start recording music on your laptop computer, one of the challenges you will encounter is noise. Noise is simply unwanted sound that seeps its way into your recording. When you record your audio music, you want to start with the clearest sound possible. Noise does the opposite - not only does it make your recording sound worse, but it tends to build on itself as you mix more sounds together.
Thankfully, there are a number of easy techniques for controlling noise during the recording process. Understanding the sources of audio noise will help you create the best sounding recording possible.
Controlling Environmental Noise While Recording
The first source of noise is simply being in a noisy environment. Having machines or appliances in the background, car noise outside your window, people talking in the background, can all contribute to noise. With instruments that you can plug in, like an electric guitar, this isn't a problem. However, if you are using a microphone for recording, you risk picking up some of these stray noises. Professional musicians use specially designed quiet rooms to isolate this kind of noise. There are also certain types of microphones you can use that emphasize sound nearby instead of sound far away. You can also try to find a quieter environment to record in.
Eliminating Cable Noise From Your Musical Instruments
A second source of noise comes from your cables. Essentially, the cables for your equipment act like a big antenna, absorbing and channeling energy from the environment into your audio system. And the longer the cable, the worse it is! There are a number of techniques for managing this.
 - Don't run cables close to each other. Leave at least a couple of inches between each different cable.
 - If cables do have to cross each other, run them at right angles to each other, making a cross shape. This reduces the amount of energy that will get transmitted to another.
 - If you have extra length in your cable, create a loop out of the excess. This channels the energy in your music into a shield from outside energy.
 - Get shielded recording cables. Underneath the plastic or vinyl outer shell, there is a foil lining that protects the signal running on the wire in the core of your cable.
 - Get cables with larger wires in the center. There is less resistance to energy in larger cables, so more of your signal gets from one end to the other.
Analog Versus Digital Recording Tools
Another approach to this is to you digital recording equipment instead of analog equipment right at the instrument. One of the benefits of digital recording is that the audio music signal is not affected by noise. When you record it with your laptop computer, it sounds identical to the music made by your instrument. If you can get recording equipment that turns the sound into digital signals right at your instrument, you will eliminate a major source of noise.
Quality of Computer Music Recording Equipment Matters!
The final source of noise comes from low quality audio electronics. With electronics, you tend to get what you pay for, although electronics quality has increased enormously over the last 20 years. Heat, interference, and bad connections can all contribute to noise in your music. My advice is to purchase good quality electronics with metal cases, and allow some space for air flow between each device.
Removing audio noise is a challenge for every recording artist. However, if you take steps to reduce noise before recording, you will be able to record clear, high quality music at home with your laptop computer, and it will sound professionally made!


When you begin exploring the world of fermentations, you'll hear people talking about sourdough, sourdough starters, and wild yeasts. A sourdough starter is really just another name for any fermented grain. It's a grain that starts to predigest during the fermentation process, which ultimately makes the flavor more sour.
Here are just a few great reasons to make your very own sourdough:
 - Sourdough is delicious.
 - Sourdough helps improve your digestion.
 - Sourdough predigests gluten and phytic acid.
 - Sourdough saves you the cost of buying commercial yeasts.
 - Making the sourdough starter and keeping it alive is fun.
You can use anything from spelt flour to whole wheat to kamut to other ancient grains to experiment with sourdough. You'll be surprised just how many recipes you can make, from muffins to pancakes to breads... anything goes!
Feeding your sourdough starter
If you care about your sourdough starter, you'll feed it. Just like your body, sourdough requires food. The fermentation process feeds off of the sugars and carbohydrates in the flour. To keep the sourdough alive, consistent and regular feeding of flour is required. As long as you keep feeding your sourdough and store it in a good environment, it will stay alive, and you can keep making more recipes with it.
Sometimes you'll even hear people call the sourdough starter the mother because it creates other sourdough babies. Sourdough starter is very different from commercial yeasts, which require you to continue buying them and have a strong need for a stable environment. Sourdough is unique because it predigests the gluten and phytic acids in the grain.
Choosing the type of sourdough starter to use
All sourdoughs require a sourdough starter, the essential life force that makes your amazing breads and other recipes. The interesting thing about these starters is that they take on the flavor of the naturally occurring yeast and bacteria in your environment and the flour you use. From one batch to the next, each sourdough is a bit unique and different from the last!
You can purchase dry sourdough starters or find a friend who has a wet sourdough starter. Starting your own is possible but can take up to one week.
A dry sourdough starter may come as a dehydrated formula that contains sourdough yeast. (Look out for more traditional starters rather than manufactured yeasts for better flavor.) A wet sourdough starter is a more traditional culture that has been started from scratch, fed continuously with flour, and is now bubbling and alive. It's actually wet and sticky. When such a wet starter is fully thriving, it should be fed with water and flour at least once a week.


text:
Devices used in measurement and control technology require special protection. Look out for powerful devices with a low protection level.
When a number of signal cables are installed in parallel, voltage peaks can have a disastrous effect. Our surge protective devices for measurement and control technology consist of powerful components with a low protection level which respond quickly. This means that your signals and measured values remain available and undistorted.
Phoenix Contact offers innovative and reliable surge protection components for all requirements in measurement and control technology:
Typical fields of application for surge protective devices for measurement and control technology are:
Use our devices to protect all common signals: from 2-wire through to 6-wire technology, such as temperature measurement or current loops.
Choose between one-piece or multi-part protective devices for the DIN rail and screw-in devices.
A comprehensive range of protective devices is available for potentially explosive areas – for use in applications with a danger of gas and dust explosion.
The surge protective devices can be used worldwide, as they are approved according to ATEX and IECEx.
Choose between protective devices that are approved for "intrinsic safety" and "flameproof enclosure" protection types.
Configure a custom combination of Phoenix Contact Products.Surge protection for measurement and control technology


When Your Man Is on the Spectrum
 - Author: Pnina Arad
 - Language: English
 - Category: Business, Self-Help, How To
When Your Man Is on the Spectrum
Could your partner be on the autism spectrum?
Many women cope with indescribable hardship, communication lapses and severe emotional deprivation in their romantic relationships, without even suspecting that their partner might be on the autism spectrum. Others realize this was the issue all along only after years of living with self-doubt, confusion, and the feeling of having lost their sanity.
In this book you will discover:
 - Why most adults with high-functioning autism are not diagnosed.
 - How autistic traits are expressed in a romantic relationship while going unnoticed by others outside of it.
 - What experiences women in neurodiverse relationships share in common.
Drawing on her extensive doctoral research, the existent body of literature and her professional experience as a couple counselor and coach specializing in neurodiverse relationships, Dr. Pnina Arad invites you to join her on a startling and enlightening journey that will open your eyes and provide new perspectives on the familiar life stories of friends, relatives and patients. Some may even echo your own personal story.
This book brings together for the first time, the most comprehensive current empirical data and clinical knowledge, while telling the stories of women throughout the most significant stages of their lives. The information is presented in a simple and clear language, accessible to anyone who wants to know, understand and overcome the puzzling challenges of neurodiversity in romantic relationships.
Dr. Pnina Arad is the founder of 'LeadUp', a qualified couple counselor, group facilitator and women's empowerment life coach, specializing in neurodiverse relationships. She has helped hundreds of women and couples in Israel and around the world to surmount their challenges and change their lives.


text:
I recommend Deco M5 because you'll get a great app with great features and performance, and it's half the cost of the big name mesh systems, like Eero.
- Deco's installation process was one of the easiest terrific app based on my experience with other TP-Link devices, but the Deco app is fantastic and operates separately from TP-Link.
- You can add admin managers and give them access the network settings. It's nice that both parents could manage a network, for instance. Eero doesn't have this feature.
- Deco's parental controls are awesome.
- You can give your kids set quotas. For instance, you can limit John's Internet to two hours on weekdays, and set different rules for weekends.
- You can set a "bedtime" where certain devices won't function after the set time.
- You can create a guest network with a name and password and choose which band it goes on.
- You can't group devices on your network and link them to someone's name like you can on Eero.
- You can prioritize individual devices. For instance, if you're trying to download a movie on your iPad, you can give it the majority of your Internet resources.
- Or, you can prioritize the type of content that's most important to your network and give that activity priority. Deco has four main categories of content: gaming, streaming, surfing, and chatting.
- You can ask Alexa to turn on your guest network, turn off the router lights, or prioritize a specific device.
- There's built-in Antivirus software that can be enabled if you want it. It's a cool idea, but I didn't enable it on my network because I don't have kids to worry about and I don't trust its content filters.
- Just like Eero, it's an intuitive app that's great for tech novices, but there are lots of nerdy features too!
- While the app is great, TP-Link routers have shown vulnerabilities in the past that you should keep an eye on.
- While one Eero outperforms one Deco, that's not relevant when talking about a mesh network. How did three Deco routers do compared to three Eeros (one Eero base and two Beacons) in my 1,200 square foot home, plus backyard?
- When tested just after resetting the router and modem, both performed similarly. Both had around 110Mbps averages in my 10 testing spots.
- During my random speed checks throughout a day, Eero was consistently faster. It's possible that this variance is an anomaly, but I eliminated possible interfering variables like the time of day and other people simultaneously using the network.
- Deco was my main router for a month and didn't have any cutouts. That's a rarity with mesh systems, especially with affordable models, like Deco.
- Deco only uses two bands (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz), while there's a third band on the base Eero that can work as a backhaul when serving 5GHz clients.
- The three-piece Deco has 5,500 square foot coverage listed, but that isn't accurate or honest. I'd put it closer to 4,000 square feet for three Decos.
- The design is unique with a strange curvy point, but it's clean and stays out of the way.
- It has the same feel as Google WiFi, but is half the height.
- There isn't a wall plug-in option, like Eero Beacon. You'll need bookshelf or countertop space for three routers, but you'll get four more ethernet ports than you would with Eero's three-piece set.
- You can find a set of three Deco M5 routers for under $180 on Amazon. While Deco doesn't bring the consistent speed of Eero, it's an incredible value considering Luma is in the $150 range and barely functions.
Quick Review (TL;DR)
- Setup: I've only installed it once, but it was easy.
- Software: The app is brilliant and has one feature that Eero doesn't: multiple admins.
- Performance: Three Deco M5s should cover 4,000 square feet.
- Design: You get more Ethernet ports. While they look cool, they take up countertop space.
- Price: A set of three Deco M5s is $180.
Who is this for?
Deco M5 is best for you if you want a brilliant router with slightly less power than Eero, but at half the cost. Deco's amazing app is intuitive and smart. The parental controls and custom configurations are great. You won't get three bands, and the performance varies throughout the day, but Deco M5 is the best choice for most people because of its incredible value.


text:
Streamlined reversed-phase method development using combined column screening and software modelling approach
Thursday, 11th October, 2019
15:00 to 15:45 CEST (Berlin, Paris, Madrid)
PRESENTED IN ENGLISHREPLAY
The adoption of a structured approach to method development has the potential to provide significant savings in both development time and costs. Column screening is a widely adopted strategy that explores selectivity – the key to analyte resolution. The most promising result from screening experiments may then be taken for further optimisation to produce the final analytical method. The use of LC modelling software has the potential to further refine method development at this final optimisation stage and provide a more informed and robust final method. The approach outlined in this talk combines both column screening and modelling software to provide an efficient protocol for reversed phase method development. Initially, gradient scouting with six ACE reversed-phase columns is used to identify the optimum stationary phase and mobile phase conditions. Once the optimum combination is identified, additional gradient runs are performed and entered into ChromSword software to model the separation. Simulation experiments are then used to rapidly determine a final separation.


text:
Task-Aware Distributed Inter-Layer Topology Optimization Method in
Resource-Limited LEO-LEO Satellite Networks
Due to the increasing demand for real-time observation data, remote-sensing satellites can be considered as users to access mega communication constellations, which can constitute a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Double-Layered Satellite Network (DLSN) composed of Remote-sensing Layer Satellites (RLSs) and Communication Layer Satellites (CLSs). In this LEO DLSN, a Distributed Inter-Layer Topology Optimization (DITO) method is proposed based on time-space relationships between two layers, which can maximize task-aware observation benefits with limited onboard resources. For practical purposes, we take link switching interval constraints into account for the recapture and track of laser transceivers. Besides, we put forward a new time-slot division method based on the link switching interval for the linear modeling of the time-sequential coupling problem. With the simulation results in four constellation systems, the proposed distributed interactive method can obtain an optimal solution close to the centralized global solution with much less time. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method can support onboard optimization for future space networks.


text:
4.2.3 Solar availability. As previously discussed, the parameter VT2
provides a measure of the availability of solar radiation as a space heating
resource during a specified time period. If VT2 were evaluated for the
duration of the winter heating season the result would provide some
indication of the potential of the site for passive solar heating
applications. However, it is more important to have high solar availability
during the colder months of the heating season than during the warmer
months, and the straight summation involved in evaluation of VT2 does not
reflect this fact. A better measure of the effective solar availability is
obtained by taking the degree day weighted average of the monthly VT2s that
occur during the heating season as follows:
VT2ave = [SIGMA] [VT2 [multiplied by] (DDm/DDa)]
A map of the continental United States with contours of constant
VT2ave is presented in figure 8. The contours are defined by VT2ave
values of 30, 25, 20, and 15. The four contours divide the map into five
regions that are labeled most sunny (MS), very sunny (VS), sunny (SU),
cloudy (CL), and very cloudy (VC). These five regions cut across the four
principal climate regions defined in figure 7 and form subregions that are
related to the appropriate size of solar apertures. As a general rule, the
sunnier subregions of a particular principal climate region should have the
larger solar apertures.
The ideal climate for passive solar applications is one in which high
solar availability coincides with a large heat load; large apertures are
appropriate in such a climate. In the continental United States, the best
climates for passive solar design lie in the subregion formed by the most
sunny and harsh climate regions. Solar apertures should be relatively
small in the mild climate region because the heat load is small, and
relatively small in the very harsh region because solar availability is low.
Some general comments on the solar regions defined in figure 8 are presented
126.96.36.199 Most sunny region. This region is limited to the desert
southwest and includes major parts of Nevada, Arizona, and New Mexico.
Subregions in which the most sunny region overlaps the harsh region are
ideal for passive solar heating because of the coincidence of a substantial
heating load and excellent solar availability. The most sunny/moderate
subregion is also quite good for passive solar heating.
188.8.131.52 Very sunny region. The very sunny region forms a complex
crescent that bounds the most sunny region. It forms a large, very
sunny/harsh subregion in which passive solar applications are very
184.108.40.206 Sunny region. The sunny region forms a still larger crescent
about the very sunny region, and includes parts of Florida, Alabama,
Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia. The sunny area cuts
completely across the country from North to South and forms subregions with
all four principal climate zones. A broad range of passive solar designs is
viable across these subregions.
220.127.116.11 Clouds region. The cloudy region also traverses the country
from north to south and forms four types of subregions among which many
passive designs are feasible. Parts of the Pacific northwest, the Midwest,
and the eastern seaboard are included in the cloudy region.


skip to main content
Before banks existed people left their gold coins with goldsmiths for safe-keeping. In exchange they were given a note promising to pay that amount on demand. People soon found it easier to carry around these notes than heavy coins. The goldsmiths also lent money to earn themselves interest.
The first banks in England started in London during the 17th century, the Bank of England being founded in 1694. During the 18th century 'country' or 'provincial' banks began to appear. These were set up by people with spare money such as landowners and traders.
Evidence exists that Whitchurch had two country banks: Whitchurch Old Bank and Whitchurch Shropshire Bank.
The old Whitchurch Museum had some original banknotes in its collection but nobody knows what happened to them when the museum closed in the 1970s.
Until The Country Bankers Act of 1826 only the Bank of England could issue notes for fixed amounts. After 1826 joint-stock banks with more than six partners and situated more than 65 miles from London were also allowed to do this.
One of the banks that took advantage of the new law was The Whitchurch & Ellesmere Banking Company that was formed in 1840. The bank was located on the corner of High Street and Pepper Street. The bank got into difficulties and in 1881 was taken over by Lloyds. During the 1860s Randolph Caldecott was one of their employees.
The Whitchurch Savings Bank was established in 1818. By 1842 it was situated in St Mary's Street. According to records in Shropshire Archives (c.1845) it opened on the first and third Saturdays in each month from 3 until 5 o'clock. On 20th November 1844 there were 1532 accounts open and £52,472 on deposit. Interest payable stood at £2 18s. 4d. per £100. In 1846 a purpose-built property was constructed at Number 3 St Mary's Street. Around 1925 the bank became part of the Trustee Savings Bank Group. The grade II listed building is still there today.


text:
Inequalities and the mental health of young people : a systematic review of secondary school-based cognitive behavioural interventions
The aim of this report is to increase what is known about promoting good mental health and mental health inequalities. It focuses on the role of interventions based on the techniques of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for preventing and reducing suicidality, depression and anxiety in young people. A further aim of the study is to use the systematic review as a case study to applying an 'equity lens' to a review topic, by building on work completed in an earlier systematic map and methodological review. This systematic review was published by EPPI-Centre in 2009. Systematic reviews aim to find as much as possible of the research relevant to the particular research questions, and use explicit methods to identify what can reliably be said on the basis of these studies.


text:
NORTHERN NEW YORK
Genealogical and family history of northern New York: a record of the achievements of her people
in the making of a commonwealth and the founding of a nation.
New York: Lewis Historical Pub. Co. 1910.
Transcribed by Coralynn Brown
The origin of the surname Burroughs or Burrows is in dispute. Some derive it from a Roman personal name introduced into Britain and thence to Ireland and Wales. It has also been said that the family takes its name from the town of Borough, Leicestershire. In any case the name is probably a place name, and the family has been of some note from the early days of surnames. In 1386 John Burroughs was rector of Collingham, Nottinghamshire, appointed July 1, 1384, chancellor of Cambridge University, of which he was a graduate.
Another John Burroughs, a Benedictine living in 1340, was a writer of some distinction. There have been many noted men in the army, navy and church in England bearing the name.
(I) Jeremiah Burroughs settled in Scituate, Mass., as early as 1645. He served against the Narragansett Indians in 1647. He married, May, 1651, a daughter of Thomas Hewett (also given as Hewes. See Pope's Pioneers of Mass.) He removed to Marshfield, and was drowned in 1660. His widow was appointed administratrix for herself and children.
Children, born in Scituate:
Jeremiah, born March 11, 1651-52.
John, Nov., 1653, mentioned below.
Elizabeth, March 5, 1654-55.
Mary, Dec. 2, 1656.
(II) John, son of Jeremiah Burroughs, was born in Scituate, in Nov. 1653. (See Burroughs family, by L. A. Burroughs, 1894). He settled at Enfield, then Massachusetts, now Connecticut, and died there in 1693. He was one of the first settlers in 1680, and owned the fifth lot south of Ferry Lane. Another account (Enfield records) gives his death as of 1691, and age forty-two years. The date was 1693, as shown by his will, dated in 1691, and presented Sept. 2, 1693, bequeathing to his wife Hannah and children.
John, mentioned below.
(III) John (2), son of John (1) Burroughs, was born in Enfield, about 1685. He married Sarah Tyler, and they removed to Windsor, Conn., in 1718, and bought land there. Another account states that he married Sarah Rumrill, daughter of Simon. A deed of 1720 gives the name of his wife as Elizabeth, showing probably that he had a second wife. His will shows that his wife was Sarah in 1756. Sarah Tyler may have been his first wife and Sarah Rumrill his third wife.
He was called ensign, a mlitary title. His will was dated Dec. 22, 1756, inventory dated Aug. 3, 1757. He had deeded his land to his heirs.
Children, born in what is now Ellington, Conn.:
John, 1711, mentioned below.
Sarah, 1714, married M. Chandler.
Hannah, 1716, married William Booth.
Simon, 1719, married Lydia Porter.
(IV) John (3), son of John (2) Burroughs, was born in Ellington, Windsor, Conn., in 1711. He married Sarah Abby, of Enfield. He removed to Tolland, and thence in May 1766, to Alstead, New Hampshire. He was a farmer.
Sarah, born 1731.
Joel, 1748, married Phebe Messer, of Walpole.
Daniel, 1756, married (first) Mary Crane, (second) Olive Carpenter, and removed to Vermont.
Elijah, born about 1758, mentioned below.
Timothy, married Esther Hurlburt, of Wethersfield, Conn.
Captain John, married Mehitable Carlton; soldier in battle of Bennington.
(V) Elijah, son of John (2) Burroughs, was born about 1758, in Tolland, Conn. He was a soldier in the revolution, from Alstead, in Captain Amos Shepard's company, Colonel Benjamin Bellow's regiment, at the siege of Ticonderoga, 1777; also in Captain Webber's company. Colonel David Hobart's regiment. General John Stark's command, 1777.
His brothers, Joel and Timothy, served also in Shepard's company. He doubtless had other service, the record of which is not identified.
He married Eunice Thompson. The history of Alstead incorrectly states that he had no children, and that he moved to Ohio. He lived in Gorham, New Hampshire, and West Milan, same state.
(VI) Joseph, son of Elijah Burroughs, was born in Alstead in 1773, and died July 22, 1832. He settled on a farm about four miles from Gorham, New Hampshire. About 1820 he came with his family to Rouse's Point, N.Y. He was United States health officer during the cholera plague in 1832, and was himself a victim of the disease.
He married Sarah Marshall, born 1782, died Oct. 14, 1856. He engaged in the manufacture of hats, and made the beaver hats for men then in fashion.
James Madison, born 1804, mentioned below.
Joseph, removed to Toronto, Canada.
Mary, married ____ Hutchins.
Emily W., died in 1832, at Rouse's Point, unmarried.
Frances H., died unmarried in 1830, at Rouse's Point.
George, died in the West Indies.
William, went to Madison, Wisconsin, where he owned a stage line.
Eliza, married William Saxe.
(VII) James Madison, son of Joseph Burroughs, was born in Gorham, in 1804, and died in Champlain, N.Y. Aug. 2, 1872. He engaged in lumbering at Champlain, and kept a general store there; was prominent in public affairs; director of the First National Bank; supervisor of the town.
In politics he was a staunch Democrat; in religion a Presbyterian, although of such liberal views that he became a vestryman of St. John's Episcopal church in order to promote the founding of the parish at Champlain.
He married (first) Abigail J. Dailey, born 1819, died April 3, 1849; (second) Sarah Frost.
Children of first wife:
1. Sarah Matilda, born 1841, died in Aug., 1841.
2. James M., born 1843, died April 12, 1859.
3. George Hoyle, born 1845, mentioned below.
Child of second wife:
(VIII) George Hoyle, son of James Madison Burroughs, was born at Champlain, 1845, and died Dec. 10, 1880. He was educated in the public schools, and became associated in business with his father. He succeeded to the extensive property and business of his father and continued it during his active life. He was supervisor of the town of Champlain and a leading Democrat of his day.
In religion he was an Episcopalian, and a vestryman and treasurer of St. John's church. Besides his personal business affairs, he gave active and efficient service in behalf of all community interets, and was held in the highest esteem for his probity and public spirit.
He married Mary L. Goodrich, born May 9, 1846, daughter of Silas and Maria A. (Grant) Goodrich.
James De Forris, born Nov. 10, 1870, mentioned below.
Laura Maria, Dec. 16, 1872.
Frederic, Oct. 30, 1878.
(IX) James De Forris, son of George H. Burroughs, was born Nov. 10, 1870, at Champlain. N.Y. He was educated in the public schools of Champlain and Plattsburgh, N.Y. He entered the employ of the Sheridan Iron Works in 1888, and was elected secretary of the company in 1904.
He is a Democrat in politics and is supervisor of the town (1909). For twelve years he was on the board of education and for eight years its president. He is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America.
He is an Episcopalian, and is jurior warden and treasurer of the Protestant Episcopal church of Champlain.
He married (first) June 24, 1896, Kate Louise McCaffrey, born Aug. 12, 1872, died April 30, 1900, daughter of William J. and Jennie K. (Morgan) McCaffrey. He married (second), Sept. 18, 1905, Clara Louise Stone.
Children of first wife:
William McCaffrey, born Nov. 24, 1897.
Mary Goodrich, Feb. 2, 1900, died April 30, 1900.
Have these webpages


text: In the throes of winter, one starts looking for wintery activities. That can mean a lot of things, like throwing snowballs or making snow angels. But it can also mean undertaking more serious activities, like building an igloo. If you've always seen it as an out-of-reach activity, on account of not really knowing how, then take a look at this Icebox Igloo Maker. It's a snow packing tool which creates the basic cater nary shape necessary to create a self sustaining structure. You create the blocks in place, then remove the mold and move on to the next brick. Once you've built 8 rows, your winter home is complete!


A luxury hotel group purchases a deserted island 3. 5 miles offshore and due south of an endangered bird nesting beach. The nearest power so
Question
A luxury hotel group purchases a deserted island 3. 5 miles offshore and due south of an endangered bird nesting beach. The nearest power source is on land, 10 miles due east of the bird nesting beach. Surveying for electricity construction costs $250 per mile over the water and $150 per mile on the ground. As a surveyor, the cheapest price (in dollars) for which you can bill the job involves surveying above the water to a point inbetween the nesting beach and the power source, and then from the nesting beach to the power source. Find the least expensive price for which you can bill the job
in progress 0
Rylee 32 mins 2022-01-07T01:24:16+00:00 1 Answer 0 views 0
Answers ( )
 0
 2022-01-07T01:25:40+00:00
 Answer:
 T.C ( 1.1007 ) = T.C_min = $2252
 Step-by-step explanation:
 Given:
 – Cost of electricity construction over water C_w = $250 / mile
 – Cost of electricity construction over ground C_w = $150 / mile
 – The distance from hotel island = 3.5 miles
 – The distance from beach to power source = 10 miles
 Find:
 Find the least expensive price for which you can bill the job
 Solution:
 – This problem requires cost optimization. So we need to develop a cost function as follows
 Total Cost = C_w*(distance from island to x) + C_g*( distance from x to power)
 – Now calculate the relevant distances using Pythagoras theorem:
 Distance from island to x = sqrt ( x^2 + 3.5^2 )
 Distance from x to power station = 10 – x
 – Input the distances in the cost function:
 T.C ( x ) = C_w*sqrt ( x^2 + 3.5^2 ) + C_g*(10 – x )
 – Input the relevant rates:
 T.C ( x ) = 250*sqrt ( x^2 + 3.5^2 ) + 150*(10 – x )
 – Simplify:
 T.C ( x ) = 250*sqrt ( x^2 + 12.25 ) + 1500 – 150x
 – Next, we will optimize the cost to minimum. We need the distance x that would give us the minimum cost. To minimize the function, set its derivative with respect to x equals to zero.
 T.C' ( x ) = 500*x*( x^2 + 12.25 )^( -0.5 ) – 150
 – Set the derivative to zero and solve for x:
 sqrt ( x^2 + 12.25 ) = 10x/3
 Squaring both sides:
 9*x^2 + 110.25 = 100*x^2
 Simplify and solve:
 x = sqrt (110.25 / 91) = 1.1007 miles
 – The cost function is minimized at x = 1.1007 miles. We will input this back into our function and evaluate the minimum cost as follows:
 T.C ( 1.1007 ) = 250*sqrt ( 1.1007^2 + 12.25 ) + 1500 – 150*1.1007
 T.C ( 1.1007 ) = T.C_min = $2252

 – So the minimum cost associated with this plan is $2252.
Leave an answer
45:7+7-4:2-5:5*4+35:2 =? ( )


IMIS | Flanders Marine Institute

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On the time to tracer equilibrium in the global ocean
Primeau, F.; Deleersnijder, E. (2009). On the time to tracer equilibrium in the global ocean. Ocean Sci. 5(1): 13-28
In: Ocean Science. Copernicus: Göttingen. ISSN _PHONE_, more
Peer reviewed article
Available in Authors
Authors Top
 - Primeau, F.
 - Deleersnijder, E., more
Abstract
 An important issue for the interpretation of data from deep-sea cores is the time for tracers to be transported from the sea surface to the deep ocean. Global ocean circulation models can help shed light on the timescales over which a tracer comes to equilibrium in different regions of the ocean. In this note, we discuss how the most slowly decaying eigenmode of a model can be used to obtain a relevant timescale for a tracer that enters through the sea surface to become well mixed in the ocean interior. We show how this timescale depends critically on the choice between a Neumann surface boundary condition in which the flux of tracer is prescribed, a Robin surface boundary condition in which a combination of the flux and tracer concentration is prescribed or a Dirichlet surface boundary condition in which the concentration is prescribed. Explicit calculations with a 3-box model and a three-dimensional ocean circulation model show that the Dirichlet boundary condition when applied to only part of the surface ocean greatly overestimate the time needed to reach equilibrium. As a result regional-"injection" calculations which prescribe the surface concentration instead of the surface flux are not relevant for interpreting the regional disequilibrium between the Atlantic and Pacific found in paleo-tracer records from deep-sea cores. For tracers that enter the ocean through air-sea gas exchange a prescribed concentration boundary condition can be used to infer relevant timescales if the air-sea gas exchange rate is sufficiently fast, but the boundary condition must be applied over the entire ocean surface and not only to a patch of limited area. For tracers with a slow air-sea exchange rate such as 14C a Robin-type boundary condition is more relevant and for tracers such as d18O that enter the ocean from melt water, a Neumann boundary condition is presumably more relevant. Our three-dimensional model results based on a steady-state modern circulation suggest that the relative disequilibrium between the deep Atlantic and Pacific is on the order of "only" 1200 years or less for a Neumann boundary condition and does not depend on the size and location of the patch where the tracer is injected.
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Logical Negation Operator:!
Logical Negation Operator:!
! cast-expression
The logical negation operator (!) reverses the meaning of its operand. The operand must be of arithmetic or pointer type (or an expression that evaluates to arithmetic or pointer type). The operand is implicitly converted to type bool. The result is true if the converted operand is false; the result is false if the converted operand is true. The result is of type bool.
For an expression e, the unary expression!e is equivalent to the expression (e == 0), except where overloaded operators are involved.
Operator Keyword for!
The not operator is the text equivalent of!. There are two ways to access the not operator in your programs: include the header file iso646.h, or compile with the /Za (Disable language extensions) compiler option.
// expre_Logical_NOT_Operator.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
_TAG_
using namespace std;
int main() {
 int i = 0;
 if (!i)
 cout << "i is zero" << endl;
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