Olango Island Group
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Olango Island Group
Native name: Olango
Olango Island near Cebu City, the Philippines.jpg
Ph locator map Olango.png
Location Cebu Province
Coordinates 10°16′N 124°03′E / 10.267°N 124.050°E / 10.267; 124.050
Archipelago Philippine Archipelago
Total islands 7[1]
Major islands Olango Island[1]
Area 10.3 km2 (4.0 sq mi)
Local Government Unit City, Municipality
City Lapu-Lapu City
Municipality Municipality of Cordova
City Lapu-Lapu City
Mayor Paz C. Radaza
Municipality Municipality of Cordova
Mayor Adelino Sitoy
Population 21,928 [2] (as of 1995)
Density 3,420 /km2 (8,860 /sq mi)
The Olango Island Group is a group of islands found in the Central Visayas region of the Philippines. It is composed of Olango Island and 6 satellite islets namely: Sulpa, Gilutongan, Nalusuan, Caohagan, Pangan-an, and Camungi. Olango Island and its neighboring islets has a total land area of approximately 10.3 square kilometres (4.0 sq mi). The island group is under the jurisdiction of the City of Lapu-Lapu and the Municipality of Cordova. The island group is a part of Cebu Province. It lies 5 km east of Mactan Island and a major tourist destination in Cebu.[3] It is known for its wildlife sanctuary.
The Olango Group of islands consists of seven islands. It lies between 10°16′N latitude and 124°03′E longitude. Located five kilometers east of Mactan Island, Olango Island and its satellite islets lies between the Bohol Strait to the south and the Camotes Sea to the north. To the east is the Olango Channel while to the west is the Gilutungan Channel.[4]
Land area[edit]
Olango Island and its neighboring islets has a total land area of approximately 10.3 km2 (1,030 hectares).[1] The reef flat-lagoon surrounding the island of Olango is considered one of the most extensive reef areas in the Central Visayas.[1] A total of 4,482 hectares[1] of extensive sandy beach, rocky shoreline, inshore flats, seagrass beds, coral reefs, mangrove forest, mudflats, and salt marsh grass surround Olango and its satellite islets.
The Olango group of islands is an island group composed of the island of Olango and six satellite islets. The six neighboring islets namely: Sulpa, Gilutongan, Nalusuan, Caohagan, Pangan-an, and Camungi are bounded by continuous fringing reefs[1] (steep reef wall on the west and sloping reef at the east coast of Olango) and reef flats. The islands are low-lying with elevation reaching no more than 10 meters above sea level.[1] At the center of these islands is a vast tidal flat, which includes the 920-hectare area[1] of the Olango Island Wildlife Sanctuary.
Olango Island and its satellite islets are raised coral reefs.[1] The lithology of the island consists of 2 unit types: the Plio-Pleistocene Carcar Formation and the Quaternary Alluvium (the youngest lithologic unit). Carcar formation is typically a porous coralline limestone characterized by small sinkholes, pitted grooves, and branching pinnacles. This suggests in situ deposition.[1] Its dominant composition are shell, algae, and other carbonate materials, while macro and micro fossils are found abundant in its formation. Alluvium, on the other hand, is mostly found in the coastal areas. Calcareous sand derived from the weathering of limestone mostly makes up the tidal flat. This appears as fine to coarse-grained sand mixed with shell fragments.[1]
The Philippines has two seasons namely: the wet and dry seasons. The dry season typically occurs from February to May and the rainy season from June to January. The dry season may be subdivided further into the cool dry season, from December to February; and the hot dry season, from March to May.[5]
Olango Island has a tropical climate, which is typical to the Central Visayas region of the Philippines.[1] According to the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), the area is relatively hot and humid, with a mean daily temperature range of 23 to 30 degrees Celsius. Daily mean relative humidity ranges from 60 to 94 percent. The annual rainfall averages about 1,579 mm at Mactan-Cebu International Airport and 1,440 mm in Barangay Maribago, which is located along the eastern coastline of Mactan Island.[1]
The climate of Olango Island can be classified as Type 3, having a very pronounced maximum rain period and only a short dry season.[1] Although, the Philippine archipelago lies within the typhoon belt,[6] the island of Olango is shielded from typhoons by the islands of Mactan and Bohol.
Political/administrative boundaries[edit]
Caohagan Island
Olango and its satellite islets are under the jurisdiction of 2 local government units (LGUs), namely, the City of Lapu-Lapu and the Municipality of Cordova. The Olango Island group is composed of 11 barangays.[3] The main island of Olango is composed of 8 barangays (Baring, Caw-oy, Sabang, Santa Rosa, Talima, Tingo, Tungasan and San Vicente) as well as the island barangays of Pangan-an and Caohagan,[2] which are under the administration of Lapu-Lapu City. Gilutongan and Nalusuan Islands both within Barangay Gilutongan,[2] are under the jurisdiction of the Municipality of Cordova.
Population size, density, distribution[edit]
Olango and its satellite islets had a total population of 21,928, composed of 4,382 households in 1995.[7] The average population density of Olango is 34.2 individuals per ha or 3,420 per km2, with Gilutongan Island having the highest density of all the barangays at 96.8 individuals per hectare.[2] In 2009, the total population reached 32,000 people.
Elementary schools are found in all barangays and 4 high schools operating in 4 barangays. At present, there are no college or vocational courses being offered in the island.[2]
Source of income[edit]
The traditional occupations of Olango residents are fishing[8] and coastal-related activities such as shellcraft,[8] aquarium fish collection, boat operations, and seaweed farming. Other sources of income include rainfed farming, personnel services, livestock raising, small enterprise (sari-sari store) and, recently, various types of employment from tourism activities.[2]
Olango Island Bird Sanctuary[edit]
Olango Island is a diverse coastal ecosystem consisting of extensive coralline sandflats, mangroves, seagrass beds, and offshore coral reefs. The island's mangroves are most extensive in the Cebu province, and its offshore corals are home to scores of various marine species. The island is virtually flat, and it is surrounded by warm seas and partly sheltered from monsoons and strong trade winds.[9]
Olango Island, situated off Mactan Island in Cebu, is one of the seven best-known flyways in the world for migrating birds. Its main attraction is its 920-hectare Olango Island Wildlife Sanctuary,[10] a haven for migratory birds from Siberia, Northern China, and Japan. These birds flock to the island seeking refuge from the winter climate of other countries.[11] The sanctuary supports the largest concentration of migratory birds found so far in the Philippines. There are 97 species of birds in Olango, 48 of which are migratory species, while the rest are resident birds of the island.[12]
The birds use Olango as a major refueling station as well as a wintering ground. The birds stop by the island on their southward journey to Australia and New Zealand and on their journey back to their nesting grounds. Among the frequent guests are Chinese egrets, Asiatic dowitchers, eastern curlews, plovers, sanpipers,[13] black-tailed godwit and red knot.[12] It is best to visit Olango around the months of July to November just in time for winter in the Northern Hemisphere.
Then President Corazon Aquino declared the 1,020 hectares tidal flats in Olango a protected area under Proclamation No. 903[10] on May 14, 1992.[10] It was included on the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance on 1 July 1994.[10] It is the Philippines' first wetland of international importance for waterfowl.[12]
Dive sites[edit]
The island of Olango is also known for its dive sites.[9] Tourists can dive in three[14] different sites around the island.
Situated in the northern tip of


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Fire Hydrant Inspection for Commercial Buildings
When a fire breaks out in your building, fire protection—including fire sprinklers and kitchen fire suppression systems—engage automatically in fighting the blaze. When these systems aren't enough, you count on the fire department to put out the flames completely with their powerful hoses. This requires a working fire hydrant on your property that a fire truck can tap into.
Are your fire hydrants in good working order? The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) requires annual inspections to make sure this is the case.
If it's time to have your fire hydrants inspected, contact Unifour Fire & Safety today to schedule services. We provide fire hydrant inspections for businesses throughout the Southeast.
Why Do Fire Hydrants Require Inspections?
Fire hydrants are subject to many problems, including:
- Wear and tear
- Rust and corrosion
- Accidental damage
- Mechanical malfunction
- Accidental closing of hydrant tap valves
While you hope your building never experiences a fire, regular fire hydrant inspections help you detect and repair any damage that could prevent it from working when you need it most. The time and effort to arrange annual fire hydrant inspections is a small price to pay for the peace of mind that comes from knowing your hydrants will perform properly and reliably if you need it in an emergency.
What Happens During a Fire Hydrant Inspection?
According to NFPA 25, fire hydrants should be inspected annually and after use. At Unifour Fire & Safety, our fire hydrant inspection procedure is designed to thoroughly check that your property's fire hydrants meet all codes.
Here are the types of checks we perform during each inspection:
Assess Fire Hydrant Locations
Hydrants should be plotted correctly on water district maps. We note any errors and take steps to correct them. Hydrants should also be easily accessible and visible from all directions. No obstructions should interfere with approaching the hydrant or coupling hoses to it.
Test the Fire Hydrant
The most important part of a fire hydrant inspection is the flow test, which determines water availability for fighting fires. Here's what the test entails:
- Install a pressure gauge in preparation for the flow test.
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After the flow test is complete, our crew carefully examines the fire hydrant and its parts. We include the following in our inspection:
- Clean and lubricate cap threads and chains. Replace missing or cracked caps.
- Make sure valves open and close easily. Tighten leaky valves and report any valves that are difficult to operate or don't open and close fully.
- Touch up chipped paint or rusted areas with aerosol paint. Make sure any necessary markings and curb spray paint are present and easily discernible. Report hydrants that are in severe need of repainting.
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Make fire hydrant inspections a priority for your Southeast business to enjoy:
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For over three decades, we have been the company to call for fire hydrant inspections! One of the main reasons your neighbors have been trusting Unifour Fire & Safety for over 30 years is because we are a one-stop shop for fire protection services in the Southeast. Our knowledgeable fire safety professionals specialize in all aspects of fire protection, including:
- Fire sprinkler systems
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- Emergency lighting
Our team offers fire protection services in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Virginia. Unifour Fire & Safety is also licensed in Tennessee, Alabama, West Virginia, and Maryland. If you're ready to schedule fire hydrant inspection, contact Unifour Fire & Safety today!
We proudly serve the following cities and their surrounding areas:
North Carolina (NC) – Charlotte, Greensboro, Greenville, Hickory, Raleigh, Durham
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source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Alycia Crall created this post
Centering Historically Underrepresented Voices in the Salish Sea
Presenter: Melissa Watkinson, Salish Sea DEI Community of Practice
Abstract: Addressing inequity and working toward environmental justice is essential to a successful environmental movement. Currently, there are significant disparities in the representation, content, and processes for implementing diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) within the environmental field across the Salish Sea and the Pacific Northwest Coast. Although professionals in this field are aware and concerned about issues related to DEI, there is an overall lack of understanding for how to integrate these concepts into the environmental workforce. Addressing inequity and working toward environmental justice is essential to a successful environmental movement. We believe that by creating and fostering a Salish Sea DEI Community of Practice (CoP), we can begin to build this critical foundation together.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Honda CR-V: Replacing the Transmitter Battery
If it takes several pushes on the button to lock or unlock the doors and the tailgate, replace the battery as soon as possible.
Battery type: CR1616
To replace the battery:
1. Remove the screw at the base of
1. Remove the screw at the base of the transmitter with a small Phillips-head screwdriver.
NOTE: Be careful when removing this screw as the head of the screw can strip out.
2. Separate the transmitter by prying its middle seam with your fingernail.
3. Inside the transmitter, separate
3. Inside the transmitter, separate the inner cover from the keypad by carefully prying on the edge with a coin.
4. Remove the old battery and note
4. Remove the old battery and note the polarity. Make sure the polarity of the new battery is the same (+ side facing down), then insert it in the keypad.
An improperly disposed of battery can hurt the environment.
Always confirm local regulations for battery disposal.
5. Install the parts in reverse order.
As required by the FCC:
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
This device complies with Industry Canada Standard RSS-210.
Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.
READ NEXT:
 Tailgate
The tailgate will lock when you lock the driver's door with the key, the remote transmitter, the master door lock switch, or the lock tab on the driver's door. To unlock the tailgate, tur
 Unlocking the Tailgate
If the power door lock system cannot unlock the tailgate, unlock it manually. Place a cloth on the top side of the cover to prevent scratches, then use a small flat-tip screwdriver to rem
 Seats
SEE MORE:
 Auto Door Unlocking
The auto door unlocking feature has five possible settings: The auto door unlocking is deactivated all the time. The driver's door unlocks when you move the shift lever to the Park (P) position with the brake pedal depressed. This is the default setting. All doors and tailgate unlock
 To Stop Playing a Disc
Press the AM, FM, AUX button, or CD/AUX, XM button to switch to the radio or satellite radio (U.S. models), while a disc is playing. Press the CD button again to play the disc. If you turn the system off while a disc is playing, either with the ( ) button or by turning off the ignit
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text:
Post War World Council Collection, 1942-19611 box (0.25 linear feet).
In early 1938, the Keep America Out of War Committee was formed in New York to preserve and strengthen the anti-war movement. After undergoing a name change in May 1938, the committee dissolved and re-organized as the Provisional Committee Toward a Democratic Peace in December 1941. By February 1942, however, the committee evolved once more, this time into the Post War World Council.
This collection consists of pamphlets from the Post War World Council that document a range of opinions concerning the war and the world, including titles such as "Saboteurs of Victory," "The Case Against Compulsory Peacetime Military Training," "The Future of the Far East," and "Disarmament in the Post War World."
- Peace movements
- Post-War World Council

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
CURRENT CZECH NAME: Ostroh
Ostroh Uhersky, Uhersky Ostroh, Ungarisch-Ostra, Ungarisch-Ostroh
LOCATION: Ostroh is a small
town in Moravia, located at 48.59 longitude and 17.23 latitude, 75 km E
of Brno, 9 km ENE of Bzenec (seeMap
- by Mapquest, then click
on your browser's "Back" button to return to this page).
HISTORY: The earliest known
Jewish community in this town dates from 1592. In 1635 there were
22 Jewish houses. In 1671 there were 16 Jewish houses with more than
30 Jewish families, including Isak Schulklopper, Salamon Lateiner, Israel
Isak, Mandl, Salamon Chaska, Benesch, Friedrich Kojeteiner, Schmidl, Jekl
Fleischhacker, Salamon Mojses, Rabiner, Mojses Stanjetz, Jakob Gutman,
Israel Strimpfstricker, and Loebl Isak. From _PHONE_ there were
89 Jewish families. In 1848 the community numbered 478 members, but
dropped to 220 after the First World War. The Jewish population was
70 in 1930. The present town population is 5,000 - 25,000 with fewer
than 10 Jews.
Noteworthy historical events involving or affecting the Jewish community
were the separation of a Jewish quarter in 1727 and the existence of a
self-standing political community from _PHONE_. The old Jewish
cemetery was established in 17th century, with the last known Jewish burial
in 1862. The Jewish congregation was Conservative.
Birth, Death and Marriage record books for Ostroh may be located at the
Czech State Archives in Prague, Statni istredni archiv, tr. Milady Horokove
133, CZ-166 21 Praha 6, Czech Republic, tel/fax: +42 (2) 333-20274.
Search JewishGen/Internet resources for Ostroh.
NOTABLE RESIDENTS AND DESCENDANTS:
According to the entry in the International Association of Jewish Genealogical
Societies Cemetery Project database, Chaim Weizmann, president of the State
of Israel, once lived in Ostroh.
The following rabbis worked in Ostroh: Salomo Mose (1592); David b. Samuel
Halevy (1659); Mose b. Hakadosch Elchanan from Fuerth (1655); Jesaja b.
Sabatai Scheftel (1659); Joel b. Samuel from Krakau (1668); Mhrr Pinchas
(after 1700); Mhrr Salomo (before 1719); Kolonimos b. mhrr Baruch (from
1720); Loeb Steiniz (d. 1760); Mhrr Pinchas b. mhrr Aaron (1766); Jakob
Hirsch b. Mose Loeb (Biach) Feilbogen (_PHONE_); Mose Loeb b. mhrr JA
ha-Kohen Mueller (d. 1853); Dr. Joel Mueller; Dr. S. Wolfsohn; (_PHONE_);
Dr. Israel Taglicht (_PHONE_); Dr. Emanuel Lenke; Dr. D. Herzog (_PHONE_);
Dr. Simon Friedmann; Dr. Michael Halberstamm (from 1919).
Other notables include: Mordechai b. Schalom (community elder and author
of the statutes of the chevra kadisha in 1650); Schalom b. Jecheskel (landowner
1668); Mandl Salamon Steinitzer (land deputy 1732); Michl b. R. Sch. David
(judge); Mose Singer (judge 1835); Mandl Duschak (judge 1858); Loeb Winter
(judge 1860); Jesajas Braun (judge 1864); Sal. Kihn (judge 1876); Salamon
Winter (judge _PHONE_); Jonatan Lamberg (judge); Max Kihn (judge 1898);
Dr. Eduard Stern (judge 1902); Jehuda Diamand (judge 1903); Sigmund Klein
(judge 1909); Loeb Nussbaum; Samuel Kornblueh; Sal. Sommer; Jakob Hahn;
Jakob Strauss; Jechiel Gruenbaum.
Rabbi Dr. Moritz Grünwald was born 29 March 1853 in Ostroh.
He studied at the Universities of Vienna and Leipzig. He founded
the Jüdische Centralblatt in Belovar. In 1883 he became rabbi
of Pisek and later Jungbunzlau. He was the chief rabbi of Sofia from
1893 until his death in London on 10 June 1895.
The great-greatgrandson of Amalie Reif (b. Ostroh), E.
Randol Schoenberg, is a frequent contributor to Jewishgen's Austria-Czech
SIG and the submitter of this page.
Tom Beer has submitted an interesting story about his great-grandfather,
Beer (b. Ostroh).
CEMETERIES: There are two Jewish
cemeteries in Ostroh. The older cemetery location is urban, on flat
land, separate but near other cemeteries, and not identified by any sign
or marker. It is reached by turning directly off a public road.
It is open to all. The cemetery is surrounded by no wall or fence
and there is no gate. The approximate size of cemetery before WWII
and now is 0.1277 hectares. The cemetery contains no special memorial
monuments. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits
of the cemetery there are no structures. The municipality is the
present owner of the cemetery property, which is now utilized for recreation
(park, playground, sports field). Adjacent properties are commercial
or industrial. The cemetery boundaries have not changed since 1939.
Private visitors come rarely to the cemetery. The cemetery
was vandalized during World War II and between 1945 and 1981. No
maintenance has been done. Now there is occasional clearing or cleaning
by authorities. There is a slight threat posed by pollution and proposed
The new cemetery is located at 1.5 km to the E, Veselska-Str. This
Jewish cemetery was established in 1862. The last known Jewish burials
were in the 1950s and 1960s. The cemetery location is urban, on flat
land, separate, but near other cemeteries, and not identified by any sign
or marker. It is reached by crossing the public property of the town
cemetery. It is open to all. A continuous masonry wall surrounds
the cemetery. There is a gate that does not lock. The
approximate size of the cemetery is now 0.2777 hectares; before WWII it
was about 0.47 hectares. There are 100-500 stones. The cemetery
has no special sections. The tombstones and memorial markers
are made of marble, granite and sandstone. The tombstones vary among
flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with
carved relief decoration and obelisks. The cemetery has tombstones
with bronze decorations or lettering and metal fences around graves.
Inscriptions on tombstones are in Hebrew, German and Czech. The cemetery
contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims. There are
no known mass graves. Within the limits of the cemetery are no structures.
The present owner of the cemetery property is the local Jewish community
of Brno. The adjacent properties are other cemeteries.
The current Jewish cemetery boundaries are smaller now than in 1939 because
of the town cemetery. Private visitors come occasionally to the cemetery.
The cemetery has been vandalized occasionally, mostly between 1981-91.
No maintenance has been done. Local/municipal authorities and Jewish
groups from within the country did restoration work, finally completed
in 1991. Now there is occasional clearing or cleaning by authorities.
There is a moderate threat posed by pollution, vegetation and vandalism;
and slight threats are posed by uncontrolled access, weather erosion, and
existing and proposed nearby development.
These surveys were completed on 1.3.1992 by Ing. Arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky,
Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno.
CONTACTS: Town officials:
Magistrate Jiri Chmelar, Mestsky urad Hradistska 305, 687 24 uhersky Ostroh,
tel. 0632/91116. Regional officials: PhDr. Jana Spathova, Okresni urad,
Referat Kultury, 686 01 Uherske Hradiste, tel. 0632/432. Interested parties:
Slovacke muzeum, dir. PhDr. Ivo Frolec, Smetanovy sady, 686 01 Uherske
Hradiste, tel. 0632/2262. Other sources: Bohumil Gelbkopf, Rybare 198,
687 24 Uhers


two dice.
Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\). A probability density function for two dice.
The function $$F(x) = P(X\leq x) = \int_{-\infty }^x f(t) dt$$ is called the cumulative distribution function or simply (probability) distribution.
Example \(\PageIndex{2}\)
Suppose that \(a < b\) and $$ f(x)=\cases{{1\over b-a}& if $a\leq x \leq b$\cr 0&otherwise.\cr} $$ Then \(f(x)\) is the uniform probability density function on \([a,b]\). and the corresponding distribution is the uniform distribution on \([a,b]\).
Example \(\PageIndex{3}\)
Consider the function \( f(x) = e^{-x^2/2}\). What can we say about
$$\int_{-\infty }^\infty e^{-x^2/2}\,dx?$$
We cannot find an antiderivative of \(f\), but we can see that this integral is some finite number. Notice that \( 0 < f(x) = e^{-x^2/2} \leq e^{-x/2}\) for \(|x| > 1\). This implies that the area under \(e^{-x^2/2}\) is less than the area under \(e^{-x/2}\), over the interval \([1,\infty)\). It is easy to compute the latter area, namely
$$\int_1^\infty e^{-x/2}\,dx = {2\over\sqrt{e}},$$
so
$$\int_1^\infty e^{-x^2/2}\,dx$$
is some finite number smaller than \(2/\sqrt{e}\). Because \(f\) is symmetric around the \(y\)-axis, $$\int_{-\infty }^{-1} e^{-x^2/2}\,dx=\int_1^\infty e^{-x^2/2}\,dx.$$ This means that $$ \int_{-\infty }^\infty e^{-x^2/2}\,dx =\int_{-\infty}^{-1} e^{-x^2/2}\,dx + \int_{-1}^1 e^{-x^2/2}\,dx + \int_1^\infty e^{-x^2/2}\,dx = A $$ for some finite positive number \(A\). Now if we let \(g(x) = f(x)/A\), $$ \int_{-\infty }^\infty g(x)\,dx = {1\over A}\int_{-\infty }^\infty e^{-x^2/2}\,dx = {1\over A} A = 1, $$ so \(g\) is a probability density function. It turns out to be very useful, and is called the standard normal probability density function or more informally the bell curve, giving rise to the standard normal distribution. See Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\) for the graph of the bell curve.
The bell curve.
Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\). The bell curve.
We have shown that \(A\) is some finite number without computing it; we cannot compute it with the techniques we have available. By using some techniques from multivariable calculus, it can be shown that \(A=\sqrt{2\pi}\).
Example \(\PageIndex{4}\)
The exponential distribution has probability density function
\[f(x) =\begin{cases} 0 & x < 0 \\ ce^{-cx } & x\geq 0 \end{cases}\]
where \(c\) is a positive constant.
The mean or expected value of a random variable is quite useful, as hinted at in our discussion of dice. Recall that the mean for a discrete random variable is \(E(X)=\sum_{i=1}^n x_iP(x_i)\). In the more general context we use an integral in place of the sum.
Definition
The mean of a random variable \(X\) with probability density function \(f\) is \(\mu = E(X)=\int_{-\infty }^\infty xf(x)\,dx\), provided the integral converges.
When the mean exists it is unique, since it is the result of an explicit calculation. The mean does not always exist.
The mean might look familiar; it is essentially identical to the center of mass of a one-dimensional beam, as discussed in section 9.6. The probability density function \(f\) plays the role of the physical density function, but now the "beam'' has infinite length. If we consider only a finite portion of the beam, say between \(a\) and \(b\), then the center of mass is $$\bar x = {\int_a^b xf(x)\,dx\over\int_a^b f(x)\,dx}.$$ If we extend the beam to infinity, we get $$ \bar x = {\int_{-\infty}^\infty xf(x)\,dx\over \int_{-\infty}^\infty f(x)\,dx} = \int_{-\infty}^\infty xf(x)\,dx = E(X), $$ because \(\int_{-\infty}^\infty f(x)\,dx=1\). In the center of mass interpretation, this integral is the total mass of the beam, which is always 1 when \(f\) is a probability density function.
Example \(\PageIndex{5}\)
The mean of the standard normal distribution is $$\int_{-\infty}^\infty x {e^{-x^2/2}\over\sqrt{2\pi}}\,dx.$$ We compute the two halves: $$ \int_{-\infty}^0 x{e^{-x^2/2}\over\sqrt{2\pi}}\,dx= \lim_{D\to-\infty}\left.-{e^{-x^2/2}\over\sqrt{2\pi}}\right|_D^0= -{1\over\sqrt{2\pi}} $$ and $$ \int_0^\infty x{e^{-x^2/2}\over\sqrt{2\pi}}\,dx= \lim_{D\to\infty}\left.-{e^{-x^2/2}\over\sqrt{2\pi}}\right|_0^D= {1\over\sqrt{2\pi}}. $$ The sum of these is 0, which is the mean.
While the mean is very useful, it typically is not enough information to properly evaluate a situation. For example, suppose we could manufacture an 11-sided die, with the faces numbered 2 through 12 so that each face is equally likely to be down when the die is rolled. The value of a roll is the value on this lower face. Rolling the die gives the same range of values as rolling two ordinary dice, but now each value occurs with probability \(1/11\). The expected value of a roll is $$ {2\over 11} + {3\over 11} + \cdots + {12\over 11} = 7.$$ The mean does not distinguish the two cases, though of course they are quite different.
If \(f\) is a probability density function for a random variable \(X\), with mean \(\mu\), we would like to measure how far a "typical'' value of \(X\) is from \(\mu\). One way to measure this distance is \((X-\mu)^2\); we square the difference so as to measure all distances as positive. To get the typical such squared distance, we compute the mean. For


text:
March is Women's History Month
Of course, and that's exciting and inspiring history, but there's a lot more to women's history, too, and some of it is waiting underground.
Because archeologists study the remains of a whole community, it can be quite a challenge to separate women's activities from men's activities, or even those of adults from those of children. When analyzing ancient sites, archeologists often draw analogies with historically known people whose lifeways provide both clues and research questions about earlier life in a place. Learn about men's and women's work among the Native peoples of California's high desert, within the starkly beautiful Coso Rock Art National Historic Landmark District. (Be sure to click on the small flashing box and roll over the boxes in the upper and lower right of the screen to fully "excavate" this web feature).
When analyzing historic sites, archeologists can draw on documents for clues and research questions about people's everyday decisions and actions. Archeologist Amy Young researches gender and labor in three communities to better understand the lives of enslaved African American women and men coping with their lives on southern plantations. At Locust Grove Plantation National Historic Landmark, near Louisville, Kentucky, she uses artifacts such as ceramics and buttons as evidence to trace relationships between women in different households.
Not only can archeologists find out about women's lives in the past, but many archeologists are women! Even in the early development of archeology as a profession, women were intent on practicing this sort of detective work.
In the 1920s and 1930s, for example, several women got their professional start by working in Chaco Canyon.
Marjorie Ferguson Lambert (_PHONE_) studied with Edgar Lee Hewett, received her master's degree in anthropology in 1931 from the University of New Mexico, and excavated at Chaco as both a student and an instructor. In 1938 she began her thirty-year tenure as curator of archeology at the Museum of New Mexico in Santa Fe. Another "Daughter of the Desert" was Florence Hawley Ellis (_PHONE_). Among other accomplishments, Ellis pioneered chemical analysis and tree ring analysis, completing her Ph.D. research at Chaco.


text:
Časopisi po područjima
Croatian Ethnogenesis: A Review of Component Stages and Interpretations (with Emphasis on Eurasian/Nomadic Elements)
Puni tekst: pdf (353 KB),
Str. 251 - 268
In the paper, the authors present certain parameters dealing with the nomadic element, or possible indications of it, in Croatian ethnogenesis. First, a comment is given on the ethnogenetic concept itself, and a working definition of ethnogenesis is suggested. Second, the major components that are considered to have had a role in Croatian ethnogenesis are listed. This discussion is followed by an identification of those elements that could somehow be considered nomadic, or else representative of influences from the Eurasian steppe region. Mention is made of historical sources that confirm or imply the presence of Eurasian nomad groups in the Croatian area, and the relative frequency of archaeological material is noted. The authors analise views of previous and present Croatian and foreign authors on Croatian ethnogenesis, especially in regard to the "Eurasian connection". In this part of the discussion, the Iranian theory of Croat origins is presented in more detail. Finally, the authors briefly address recent genetic (DNA) analyses of the contemporary Croatian population.
Croats; ethnogenesis; Eurasia; theory; ideology
Registracija novih korisnika
Zaboravili ste lozinku?


Introduction: Home Made Bearing Induction Heater
About: I m not engineer.
It is an easy home made project. It's based on eddy current loss. Eddy current (also called Foucault current) are loops of electrical current induced within conductors by a changing magnetic field in the conductor, due to Faraday's law of induction. Eddy current flow in closed loops within conductors, in planes perpendicular to the magnetic field. Heater use for heating of bearing for mounting on motor generetor shaft.
Induction heating is more efficient and more safe then hammarring process for fitting the bearing on shaft. It recommend maximum bearing manufacturers and large motor manufacturers.
Step 1: Requair Material for Makimg Bearing Heater
We require some old transformer stemping ( I silicon core ) around 5kg.
 1. 250 volt 12amp MCB
 2. Tempreture display and controler with magnetic senser.
 3. 18 swg copper wire
 4. Old transformer silicon I core
 5. Insulation tape
 6. Bearing for testing ( minimum id 40mm)
 7. Insulation paper
Step 2: Starting to Making Bearinh Heater
 1. arrange silicon I core in U shape until the thikness is 5 inch.
 2. Wrap insulation paper on one side
 3. Wrap 18 nos SWG wire 250 turn
 4. Connect temperature controller, senser, MCB with coil as per electrical drawing.
 5. Make silicon I core block for bearing holding
Step 3: Testing
 1. fix bearing in bearing block and fix it on silicon U shape core
 2. Supply 230 volt ac to electrical circuit
 3. Connect magnetic tempreture senser to bearing inner ring
 4. Set tempreture 110 ° Celsius
 5. When tempreture is increased of bearing inner ring your project is working
 6. Fix all component in a box and check again.


We already showed that Iml = pl.B, which establishes the second equality in (1). As for the first, we note that by Theorem 4.2.3, E() is defined for z0 e Z. To prove the equality, we R+ note first, that by Theorem 4.2.2 there exists a stochastic measure m: M + L(E,Z') corresponding to B satisfying = E(). (Note that since Z' is the dual of a Banach space, m has values in the same space of operators as B; cf. statement (3a) of this theorem.) We shall show that m m; as both are o-additive it will suffice, as above, to prove for sets of the form M [O,z]xA, A E F. Let M = [O,z]xA, A E F; let x E E, z E Z (which is a norming subspace of (Z')'). We have = E(() = E(fIMd) (by 4.1.3) = E(1A) 0 =E(A ) =. Then, for x c E, z0 E Z = ; hence m(M) = m(M) for M = [0,z]xA. As 2 before, we conclude that m = m on all of B(R )xF. Then for X E LE(m) we have = = E(), which completes the proof of (1). Proof of (2): If Bx is separably valued for x E E, then Bx is measurable for x E E since it is weakly measurable by (ii). If B is separably valued, then B is measurable since is measurable for all x E E, z0 E Z, by (11) [6, Proposition 24, p. 106]. Proof of (4): If p is a lifting of P, we can choose B uniquely a.s. for all z; n particular, outside an evanescent set for uniquely a.s. for all z; in particular, outside an evanescent set for


text:
Published in TB and Outbreaks Week, August 19th, 2003
Developed by the Department of Environmental Biology at the University of Guelph, and funded by Toxin Alert, Inc., (YTX), the Healthy Futures for Ontario Agriculture program, and the Ontario Challenge Fund, the antibodies will be used in a diagnostic tool to detect the Clostridium botulinum bacteria in food.
"The initial success of this quick, clean, and economical method of producing antibodies ensures that there will be adequate and affordable supplies in the future of the basic ingredient in Toxin Alert's Toxin Guard food freshness and food...
Want to see the full article?
Welcome to NewsRx!
Learn more about a six-week, no-risk free trial of TB and Outbreaks Week


text:
Removing 80% of traffic lights could boost economy and road safety, says think-tank
That's according to new research by the Institute of Economic Affairs, which says that a "huge proliferation in traffic regulations over the past 20 years has imposed a heavy burden on the economy".
The research finds that just a two-minute delay to every car journey equates to a loss of approximately £16bn every year, equivalent to almost 1% of GDP.
The research has also found that the number of traffic lights in England has increased by 25% since 2000. By comparison, vehicle traffic rose by 5%, and the length of the road network by just 1.3% in the same period.
Dr Richard Wellings, head of transport at the Institute of Economic Affairs, said: "For too long policymakers have failed to make a cost-benefit analysis of a range of regulations – including traffic lights, speed cameras and bus lanes – making life a misery from drivers nationwide. It's quite clear that traffic management has spread far beyond the locations where it might be justified, to the detriment of the economy, environment and road safety.
"The evidence of shared space schemes shows the transformational benefits of less regulated approach, whilst the removal of a high proportion of traffic lights would deliver substantial economic and social benefits."
RAC spokesman Simon Williams added: "The use of traffic lights should always involve careful consideration on a case-by-case basis. There are many situations where their use is vital, both for traffic flow and road safety so any indication that all traffic lights should be turned off would likely do far more harm than good. However, identifying lights that may adversely be affecting traffic flow for further 'switching off' trials would be worth exploring."


text:
We used a database of the frequency with which a term has appeared in the pages of The New York Times to measure how food trends have propagated across the country. But we omitted the food trend of the century in the process.
Pizza is now ubiquitous, considered the consummate American food despite its Italian origins. But it wasn't always so. It did not start receiving regular mentions in The Times until the 1950s. In that era, it was a newfangled ethnic food just starting to make inroads into the American palate.
For a sense of pizza's epic rise toward the center of the American diet, take a look at the food battle of the century, between pizza and hamburgers, as reflected in Times coverage.
There were scattered references to hamburgers in The Times going back to the 1850s, and by the start of the 20th century they were mentioned at least a couple of dozen times a year before reaching a prewar peak of 206 stories mentioning the hamburger in 1939.
But starting in the 1950s, pizza's campaign to become the 20th century casual food of choice was underway. It first surpassed hamburger in Times coverage in 1976. The two bounced around in close competition for the remainder of the 1970s, but in 1982 they diverged, and pizza never looked back.Continue reading the main story
By the time pizza references peaked, in 2011, the word was contained in 1,183 Times articles, nearly six times the 214 articles containing the word hamburger. (Adding cheeseburger to the mix doesn't radically change the results; the word adds only 68 articles to hamburger's 2011 total).
If you are curious about a third competitor for the throne of Top American Casual Food, prepare to be disappointed. Hot dog has almost never been top dog. There were two brief exceptions in 1925 and 1928, when the term surpassed hamburger. But otherwise, the 20th century was an era of hamburger dominance until pizza came along.
There was one bright spot for team hot dog back in 2009. The term surpassed hamburger in Times appearances for the first time since 1928. By that point, of course, both were far outranked by pizza references.
Actually, both hamburgers and hot dogs have a new competitor for second place. Tacos had long lagged both in Times references, but since 2011 has narrowly edged hamburgers and hot dogs for the No. 2 spot among casual foods in Times references. (There were also a surprisingly high number of "taco" mentions in the 19th century, but these appear to be more an artifact of the challenges of digitizing very old text than an early outbreak of coverage of Mexican street food. Kevin Drum raised this strange matter of the apparent 19th-century taco boom here.)
There is a broader point to be made about America as a cultural melting pot. After all, hamburgers and hot dogs are both Americanized versions of German dishes, and they have now been supplanted by foods with origins in Italy and Mexico. But rather than consider these themes further, we are now getting hungry and have a few ideas for solving that problem.Continue reading the main story


meet the objectives of the Landfill Directive. To achieve their commitments, WDAs can exchange, buy, sell or transfer allowances among each other, or may re-profile their own allocation through banking and/or borrowing. Despite the goals for the first seven years – which included two target years (2005/06 and 2009/10) – being widely achieved (the average allocation of allowances per WDA was 22.9% higher than those finally used), market activity among WDAs was high and prices were not very stable. Results in terms of waste reduction and recycling levels have been satisfactory. The reduction of BMW landfilled (in percentage) was higher during the first seven years of the LATS period (2005/06–2011/12) (around 7% annually) than during the previous period (2001/02–2004/05) (4.2% annually). Since 2008, the significance of the LATS diminished because of an increase in the rate of the UK Landfill Tax. The LATS was suppressed after the 2012/13 target year, before what it was initially scheduled. The purpose of this paper is to describe the particularities of the LATS, analyse its performance as
 10. Cap and trade schemes on waste management: a case study of the landfill allowance trading scheme (LATS) in England.
 PubMed
 Calaf-Forn, Maria; Roca, Jordi; Puig-Ventosa, Ignasi
 2014-05-01
 The Landfill Allowance Trading Scheme (LATS) is one of the main instruments used in England to enforce the landfill diversion targets established in the Directive 1999/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste (Landfill Directive). Through the LATS, biodegradable municipal waste (BMW) allowances for landfilling are allocated to each local authority, otherwise known as waste disposal authorities (WDAs). The quantity of landfill allowances received is expected to decrease continuously from 2005/06 to 2019/20 so as to meet the objectives of the Landfill Directive. To achieve their commitments, WDAs can exchange, buy, sell or transfer allowances among each other, or may re-profile their own allocation through banking and/or borrowing. Despite the goals for the first seven years - which included two target years (2005/06 and 2009/10) - being widely achieved (the average allocation of allowances per WDA was 22.9% higher than those finally used), market activity among WDAs was high and prices were not very stable. Results in terms of waste reduction and recycling levels have been satisfactory. The reduction of BMW landfilled (in percentage) was higher during the first seven years of the LATS period (2005/06-2011/12) (around 7% annually) than during the previous period (2001/02-2004/05) (4.2% annually). Since 2008, the significance of the LATS diminished because of an increase in the rate of the UK Landfill Tax. The LATS was suppressed after the 2012/13 target year, before what it was initially scheduled. The purpose of this paper is to describe the particularities of the LATS, analyse its performance as a waste management policy, make a comparison with the Landfill Tax, discuss its main features as regards efficiency, effectiveness and the application of the "polluter pays" principle and finally discuss if the effect of the increase in the Landfill Tax is what made the LATS ultimately unnecessary.
 11. Changing Horses in Midstream: Fermi LAT Computing and SCons
 NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
 Bogart, J. R.; Golpayegani, N.
 2011-07-01
 (For the Fermi LAT Collaboration) Several years into GLAST (now Fermi) offline software development it became evident we would need a replacement for our original build system, the Configuration Management Tool (CMT) developed at CERN, in order to support Mac users and to keep pace with newer compilers and operating system versions on our traditional platforms, Linux and Windows. The open source product SCons emerged as the only viable alternative and development began in earnest several months before Fermi's successful launch in June of 2008. Over two years later the conversion is nearing completion. This paper describes the conversion to and our use of SCons, concentrating on the resulting environment for users and developers and how it was achieved. Topics discussed include SCons and its interaction with Fermi code, GoGui, a cross-platform gui for Fermi developers, and issues specific to Windows developer support.
 12. Fermi (nee GLAST) at Six Months
 NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
 Ritz, Steve
 2009-01-01
 The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, formerly called GLAST, is a mission to measure the cosmic gamma-ray flux in the energy range 20 MeV to >300 GeV, with supporting measurements for gamma-ray bursts from 8 keV to 30 MeV. In addition to breakthrough capabilities in energy coverage and localization, the very large field of view enables observations of 20% of the sky at any instant, and the entire sky on a timescale of a few hours. With its recent launch on 11 June 2008, Fermi now opens a new and important window on a wide variety of phenomena, including pulsars, black holes and active galactic nuclei, gamma-ray bursts, the origin of cosmic rays and supernova remnants, and searches for hypothetical new phenomena such as supersymmetric dark matter annihilations. In addition to early results and the science opportunities, this talk includes a description of the instruments and the mission status and plans.
 13. Fermi (Formerly GLAST) at Six Months
 NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
 Ritz, Steven M.
 2009-01-01
 The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, formerly called GLAST, is a mission to measure the cosmic gamma-ray flux in the energy range 20 MeV to more than 300 GeV, with supporting measurements for gamma-ray bursts from 8 keV to 30 MeV. In addition to breakthrough capabilities in energy coverage and localization, the very large field of view enables observations of 20% of the sky at any instant, and the entire sky on a timescale of a few hours. With its recent launch on 11 June 2008, Fermi now opens a new and important window on a wide variety of phenomena, including pulsars, black holes and active galactic nuclei, gamma-ray bursts, the origin of cosmic rays and supernova remnants, and searches for hypothetical new phenomena such as supersymmetric dark matter annihilations. In addition to early results and the science opportunities, this talk includes a description of the instruments and the mission status and plans.
 14. GLAST Deficiency in Mice Exacerbates Gap Detection Deficits in a Model of Salicylate-Induced Tinnitus
 PubMed Central
 Yu, Hong; Vikhe Patil, Kim; Han, Chul; Fabella, Brian; Canlon, Barbara; Someya, Shinichi; Cederroth, Christopher R.
 2016-01-01
 Gap detection or gap pre-pulse inhibition of the acoustic startle (GPIAS) has been successfully used in rat and guinea pig models of tinnitus, yet this system has been proven to have low efficacy in CBA mice, with low basal GPIAS and subtle tinnitus-like effects. Here, we tested five mouse strains (CBA, BalbC, CD-1, C57BL/6 and 129sv) for pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) and gap detection with varying interstimulus intervals (ISI) and found that mice from a CBA genetic background had the poorest capacities of suppressing the startle response in the presence of a pre-pulse or a gap. CD-1 mice displayed variable responses throughout all ISI. Interestingly, C57BL/6, 129sv and BalbC showed efficient suppression with either pre-pulses or gaps with shorter ISI. The glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST) is expressed in support cells from the cochlea and buffers the excess of glutamate. We hypothesized that loss of GLAST function could sensitize the ear to tinnitus-inducing agents, such as salicylate. Using shorter ISI to obtain a greater dynamic range to assess tinnitus-like effects, we found that disruption of gap detection by salicylate was exacerbated across various intensities of a 32-kHz narrow band noise gap carrier in GLAST knockout (KO) mice when compared to their wild-type (WT) littermates. Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) were performed to evaluate the effects on hearing functions. Salicylate caused greater auditory threshold shifts (near 15 dB) in GLAST KO mice than in WT mice across all tested frequencies, despite similarly reduced DPOAE. Despite these changes, inhibition using broad-band gap carriers and 32 kHz pre-pulses were not affected. Our study suggests that GLAST deficiency could become a useful experimental model to decipher the mechanisms underlying drug-induced tinnitus. Future studies addressing the neurological correlates of tinnitus in this model could provide additional insights into the
 15. The Large Millimeter Telescope in the GLAST era
 SciTech Connect
 Carraminana, Alberto
 2007-07-12
 The Large Millimeter Telescope (LMT) was inaugurated on November 22, 2006. LMT will soon start commissioning and is expected to enter full science operations by


text:
ids exist along this stretch, particularly at the junction of side canyons where boulders have been washed into the river by creeks. Long quiet pools exist between these rapids. Several road crossings divide this section into convenient segments for recreational use. Waterway features and distance between each are as follows:
FM 1980 - 2 miles east of Iraan.
County road crossing - off SH 349, 2 miles south of Iraan. (3 miles)
Riffle Canyon - enters on the right. (5 miles)
County road crossing - off SH 349, 6 miles south of Iraan. (2 miles)
County road crossing - off SH 349, 12 miles south of Iraan. (9 miles)
Six Mile Draw - enters on the right. (2 miles)
Dear Canyon - enters on the left. (1 mile)
Four Mile Draw - enters on the right. (3 miles)
Musk Hog Canyon - enters on the left. (4 miles)
US 290 crossing - 4 miles east of Sheffield. (4 miles)
US Highway 290 to Pandale Crossing
This section of the Pecos River is located in Pecos, Terrell, Crockett, and Val Verde Counties. This isolated stretch is approximately 64 miles in length following through some very wild and rugged country with the land on both sides being semi-arid to arid ranchland. No development other than ranching activities exist. The Pecos River and its tributary creeks cut through this rolling terrain and form deep canyons.
The water level during normal periods is rather shallow for the first half of this section. However, from the point where Independence Creek joins the Pecos, there is usually adequate water for recreational use. During periods of heavy rainfall, flash floods frequent both the side canyons and the Pecos Canyon itself. Many rapids are found along this section, particularly at the mouths of side canyons where boulder outwashes are present. Waterway features and distance between each are as follows:
US 290 crossing - 4 miles east of Sheffield.
First Canyon - enters on the left. (10 miles)
Second Canyon - enters on the left. (2 miles)
County road crossing - off US 290, 14 miles southeast of Sheffield. (1 mile)
Third Canyon - enters on the left. (1 mile)
Reagan Canyon - enters on the right. (1 mile)
Independence Creek - enters on the right. (9 miles)
Private Camp - A guest ranch is located at the mouth of Independence Creek, and access to the river is available at this point for a fee. Facilities for camping are available.
Six Shooter Canyon - enters on the left. (6 miles)
Indian Canyon - enters on the left. (1 mile)
Richland Canyon - enters on the right. A private camp is located in this vicinity. (2 miles)
Liveoak Canyon - enters on the left. A private camp is located in this vicinity. (2 miles)
Geddes Canyon - enters on the right. (8 miles)
Big Hackberry Canyon - enters on the right. (7 miles)
Private Camp - on the left. (9 miles)
Pandale Crossing - FM 2083 crossing, 4 miles south of Pandale. (3 miles)
Two additional private camps are located on this section. Exact locations are not available.
Pandale Crossing to US Highway 90
This isolated 55-mile section of the Pecos River in Val Verde County is the best section of the entire river for recreational use. The Pecos River and its tributary creeks have worn away at the Chihuahuan Desert to form a spectacular network of canyons. These canyons progressively increase in depth downstream from the Pandale Crossing to eventually rise several hundred feet above the river in the vicinity of the US 90 high bridge.
Many rapids exist along this section, particularly at the mouths of the side canyons where outwashes of boulders and rocks have been deposited in the river by flash floods. Some of the rapids are tricky but all are negotiable. The water level during most periods of the year is shallow but sufficient water is available for recreational use at all times. During and shortly after rainy periods, this section of the Pecos has excellent water levels for recreational purposes. Flash flooding is common during heavy rains and extreme care needs to be exercised during periods when this hazard exists. A few miles upstream from the US 90 high bridge, the backwaters of Amistad Reservoir are found. The sheerest and tallest canyon walls on the Pecos are located at this point. Waterway features and distance between each are as follows:
Pandale Crossing - FM 2083 crossing, 4 miles
south of Pandale.
Spring Canyon - enters on the left. (4 miles)
Oppenheimer Canyon - enters on the left. (3 miles)
Cedar Canyon - enters on the left. (3 miles)
Evert Canyon - enters on the left. (4 miles)
Goat Canyon - enters on the right. (0.5 mile)
Ford Canyon - enters on the left. (2 miles)
Zixta Canyon - enters on the left. (1 mile)
Harkell Canyon - enters on the right. (6 miles)
Still Canyon - enters on the left. (7 miles)
Cold Water Canyon - enters on the left. A major rapid is located at the mouth of the canyon. (5 miles)
Weir - a dam is located on the river, and a portage is required.
Dead Man's Canyon - enters on the left. (15 miles)
High Bridge - Southern Pacific Railroad bridge is 321 feet above normal river level. (1 mile)
US 90 crossing - 10 miles west of Del Rio. (4 miles). The old highway crossing goes down to the river. This is the last road crossing above Amistad Reservoir.
Top of Page | Table of Contents


text:
In this tutorial you will learn How to create a half monster face skull using Adobe Photoshop. The basic idea behind this tutorial is very simple. Even a beginner can try this tutorial. We will be using any random image and a face of any random ghost, skull, zombie etc. The normal image will be opened in Photoshop and we will place the skull face on the image. Then using the brush tool, we will rub out half of the skull face.
To be perfect in this tutorial, you just need to know how to use the brush tool in Photoshop. That's all we need to know. You can create wonderful horrific images using this tutorial and also by adding some extra effects.
The Final Image
The Image files links are given below for download. You can download the same files and create this tutorial first. Then you can head over to your own images and skull faces. You just need to use the brush tool properly to master and be perfect in this tutorial. So let's get started.


Difference between revisions of "Raspberry Pi"
From ArchWiki
Jump to: navigation, search
(Installation: rm)
(Serial Console)
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{{delete|Archlinuxarm is a seperate project. The lead dev for alarm does not support this page.}}

[[Category:Getting and installing Arch]]

[[Category:Getting and installing Arch]]

{{Note|Support for the ARM architecture is provided on _URL_ }}

{{Note|Support for the ARM architecture is provided on _URL_ }}
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== Installing Arch Linux ARM ==

== Installing Arch Linux ARM ==

In this manual will describe only essential moments for different RPI. Other procedures are the same instructions for ArchLinux. The only exception is the basic initialization and installation of equipment. It is further assumed that the configuration is performed on a machine running Archlinux.
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See the [_URL_ archlinuxarm documentation].

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=== Backup Cards ===
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If you own an official card provided with your RPI ([_URL_ for example]) recommend before installing Arch ARM Linux to backup using {{ic|dd}}. The path must be specified to the device {{ic|/dev/sdX}} not for another partition {{ic|/dev/sdc1}}
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# dd if=/dev/sdX of=$HOME/backup_RPi.img
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{{Note | There is a bit copy of the card. The resulting file is the same size as your card.}}
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{{Note | card may not be installed.}}
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{{Warning | Bad parameters can damage your data.}}
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=== Installation ===
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+
Installation is similar to backing card. Download the image file from [_URL_ Arch Linux ARM]
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# dd bs=1M if=/path/to/archlinux.img of=/dev/sdX
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After inserting the card into the slot on the PPi should boot the base system Arch Linux ARM.
+

+
=== Home ===
+

+
The downloaded image file is approximately 2 gigabytes of which is /boot 94 megabytes and / 1.8 gigabytes. If you used a larger card to 2GB, so I recommend the rest of the card to connect as /home (or /usr). Clearance must be formatted using the example [[Gparted]]. At the first possible opportunity (after booting RPI or after mounting the card in the computer) need to be adjusted {{ic | /etc/fstab}}
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# sudo vim /etc/fstab
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For example, add
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/dev/mmcblk0p3 /home ext4 defaults 0 0
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== Video ==

== Video ==
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 # loglevel=5

 # loglevel=5

Change speed from 11520 to 38400
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Change speed from 115200 to 38400

 # console=ttyAMA0,38400 kgdboc=ttyAMA0,38400

 # console=ttyAMA0,38400 kgdboc=ttyAMA0,38400

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Enable on boot

Enable on boot
 #systemctl enable _EMAIL_
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 # systemctl enable _EMAIL_

Creating the proper service link:

Creating the proper service link:
Revision as of 14:03, 27 February 2013
Note: Support for the ARM architecture is provided on _URL_
How mature is Raspberry Pi (RPI). A brief overview.
What is Raspberry Pi
It is a minimalist computer built for ARMv6 architecture. More information about this project and technical specification.
Installing Arch Linux ARM
See the archlinuxarm documentation.
Video
The generic xf86-video-fbdev driver can be used.
Serial Console
Edit the default /boot/cmdline.txt
Change loglevel to 5 to see boot messages
# loglevel=5
Change speed from 115200 to 38400
# console=ttyAMA0,38400 kgdboc=ttyAMA0,38400
Start getty service
# systemctl start getty@ttyAMA0
Enable on boot
# systemctl enable _EMAIL_
Creating the proper service link:
# ln -s /usr/lib/systemd/system/getty@.service /etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/_EMAIL_
Then connect :)
# screen /dev/ttyUSB0 38400
Referenced from these [1] posts [2]


text:
We have measured the response of chromium-doped alumina screens to soft x-ray radiation and derived quantum efficiency curves for the energy range from 2.5 keV to 4.5 keV. Persistent luminescence (or afterglow) from this material is observed for several minutes following the removal of the x-ray source. It is also observed that the luminescence output rises gradually for several minutes before maximizing during x-ray irradiation. In the paper we discuss possible sources of this delayed luminescence and its consequences for application of these screens as soft x-ray detectors. Such screens have found application as narrow-band radiation detectors for a hot fusion plasma diagnostic.
Citation: Journal of Applied Physics
Issue: No. 2
Pub Type: Journals
ceramics and refractories, electrons and positron radiation effects, ionizing radiations, photoluminescence, quantum efficiency


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A Feature is used to package a group of plug-ins together into a single installable and updatable unit.
Features have a manifest that provides basic information about the feature and its content. Content may include plug-ins, fragments and any other files that are important for the feature. A feature can also include other features. The delivery format for a feature is a JAR, but each included plug-in will be provided as a separate JAR.
Once you have created your plug-ins and fragments you can create a new feature by creating a New Feature Project.
You can also create Feature Patches in PDE. A feature patch is developed in the same fashion as a normal feature, but is used to edit an existing feature rather than create a new one.
New Feature Project
New Feature Patch Project


Nov 26, 2020 in Law
UV and IR Photography in Forensic
The use of photography is documenting a crime scene or recording an autopsy procedure is increasingly becoming an integral part of forensic investigation processes. Besides witness statements, the physical evidence collected from crime scenes and reposts made by crimes scene investigation, infrared and ultraviolet photography techniques are used to provide a detailed and accurate account that is unalterable. In many criminal cases, photographic evidence is critical for both defense and prosecution counsel. Additionally, photographic evidence is often used to display or reconstruct the nature of crime scenes to crime scene investigators who could not make it to the actual scene. This paper explores the application of infrared (IR) and Ultraviolet (UV) photography in forensics.
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The documentation of physical evidence through forensic photography is one of the integral aspects of crime scene investigations. Ensuing analysis of photographs taken from crime crimes, gunshot wounds, bite marks, trace evidence and autopsy procedures among others often produces clues investigators can use effectively to reconstruct some of the events of an incident under investigations, or yield enough evidence to gain a conviction at trial. Conventional photography documents images in the visible light spectrum, and often records images on digital file or film visible to the human eye. In that regard, traditional photography limits the use of photography in documenting the evidence essential to reconstruct facts of a given case. For several years, forensic photographers have come up with various specialized techniques for documenting critical evidence, especially under challenging situations. Infrared (IR) and Ultraviolet (UV) photography can be applied in various scenarios to produce results that are often limited by traditional photographing techniques in the visible light spectrum. The interest behind the exploration of the application of UV and IR photography in forensics pertains to their capability to document injuries due to biochemical and biological changes that arise after injuries. The subsequent subsections explores the application of UV and IR photography in forensics
Read also: "How to Write a Film Review"
UV Photography Application
Photographic accuracy in cases involving bite marks is vital to an investigative process because the bite mark may be the only evidence linking a suspect to the crimes under investigation. For this reason, the push to use superior photographic technique is unavoidable in the investigative process. Ultraviolet radiation has been used to improve the visibility of old wounds, bruising and bite marks has been documented in various studies. Documenting bite marks and bruises through UV photography requires specialized UV components. However, acquiring the necessary ultraviolet forensic photography equipment can be taxing. This implies that the digital camera used for this purpose must either be designed or modified with ultraviolet acquisition in mind. Another important point to highlight regarding UV photography is that better results are influenced by the power of the light source. In other words, there is a need for a more powerful light source for illumination during ultraviolet imaging. In contrast to alternate light imaging (ALI) and IR, ultraviolet images depict the surface disruption of the human skin when the UV imaging technique is used to document bite marks.
Adequate examination of injuries of victims of violence, both deceased and living, is vital for the reconstruction of suspected criminal incident. The use of medical reports by the prosecution counsel on injuries are evidence demands a detailed description and accurate interpretation of the reported injuries. The prosecution counsel faces difficulties, especially when there is lack of visibility of the reported injuries. Difficulties may be due to, for instance, a bruise in a yellow appearance or due to healing of the injury. Additionally, even the most recently caused bruise might also be invisible at the surface of the skin. As an area of interest, improving the visibility of injuries that are often not visible to the naked eye is vital in gaining a detailed and accurate documentation of injuries reported by a victim of violence. To recap, prints or documented images of UV photography appear as regular black and while photos. However, after the development of reflected UV photography film, they can be made into enlargements or slides. The use of UV photography in forensics can greatly improve an investigation by illustrating an outline of a weapon that caused an injury and show history of injuries.
IR Photography Application
The use of infrared-aided photography has been documented, especially in the detection of gunshot residues in fabrics. Accurate photographic recording of a crime scene is an important pillar of any effort into the collections of evidence, especially when it applies to documenting gunshots injuries or fatalities inflicted during crimes of violence. For IR photography, a source of the infrared radiation is mandatory. Many alternative light source systems are equipped with IR components. However, most of the contemporary flash units emit visible, IR and UV light. This makes it possible to apply IR techniques in bother laboratory and field environments. Additionally, advances in photographing technologies has resulted in digital imaging options for forensic photographers in both environments. Infrared photography techniques can be used to examine document forgeries and alternations. Differentiating between visibility identical pigments and inks is characterized by observing any slight difference in the way they absorb or transmit IR radiation. Infrared luminescence and reflected photography is also used to reveal printing and writing under obliterations on important physical documents. Furthermore, illegible worn, aged or charred documents can be rendered legible in IR photographs.
The physical properties of fabrics and the dyes used in the same cloth affects the manner in which IR radiation is absorbed or reflected. Reflected IR can be useful in forensic investigations where there is a need to differentiate between clothing fabrics that are visibly similar in visible light, yet they are actually different. One of the intriguing application of reflected IR photography pertains to the reduction of background on fabric that are either dark or with busy pattern to display the presence of stains. In that regard, substances such as gunshot residues or blood patterns can be revealed in scenarios where conventional photographic techniques are limited. Gunshot residue is also revealed using IR reflected photography. In addition, a fabric with visibly dark or busy pattern is often rendered as a less distracting pattern or a single pattern; hence, revealing any important detail hidden from the unaided eye. Another intriguing application of IR photography relates to the documentation of injuries and biomedical uses. IR energy can penetrate the human skin 3 millimeters deep. In addition, IR energy is absorbed by blood. According to Broux, McCaul and Shimamoto, these aspects are exploited to show details 3 millimeters below the human skin. Reflected IR and reflected UV photographs can be used to show the details below a victims skin surface and details on the surface of the skin respectively. To that end, bite marks can be documented using reflected IR photography. To conclude, forensic applications of reflected infrared photography include biomedical photography, gunshot residue visualization and bloodstain documentation.
Routine application of infrared and ultraviolet photographing techniques in the not only forensic, but also biomedical fields is not new. Forensic photography is essential in documenting crime scenes, autopsy procedures, bite marks, gunshot wounds, weapons and trace evidence. In line with their efficiency in yielding clues for investigators to use in the reconstruction of facts regarding a particular case, UV and IR photography plays a significant role in helping courts establish the whys and how behind cases. Biting and gunshot injuries might be complex; thus, the collection, analysis and interpretation of evidence must the handled with care irrespective of the forensic photographing technique used. Acquiring reproducible and accurate forensic images is that one of the components of an effective crime scene investigation, but an important one. Therefore, a forensic photographer should be able to employ the most effective protocol to yield the best results.
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The Fabrication and Performance of CVD Diamond-Based X-Ray Detectors
In this study, X-ray detectors with coplanar metal-semiconductor-metal structure, were fabricated employing high quality chemical vapour deposited (CVD) diamond film grown by a direct current arc jet plasma system. In which the electrical contacts with dimension of 25 µm in width with a 25 µm inter-electrode spacing, were patterned on the growth side of the diamond film using lift-off technology. The performance of the fabricated detectors was evaluated by steady-state X-ray illumination. The photoconductivity of the diamond detectors was found to linearly increase with increase in the X-ray photon flux. This demonstrates that high quality CVD diamond can be used for X-ray detectors.
Z.Y. Zhong, H. Saka, T.H. Kim, E.A. Holm, Y.F. Han and X.S. Xie
S.G. Wang et al., "The Fabrication and Performance of CVD Diamond-Based X-Ray Detectors", Materials Science Forum, Vols. 475-479, pp. 3605-3610, 2005


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DYDC1 has several biochemical functions, for example, contributes_to histone methyltransferase activity (H3-K4 specific), protein binding. Some of the functions are cooperated with other proteins, some of the functions could acted by DYDC1 itself. We selected most functions DYDC1 had, and list some proteins which have the same functions with DYDC1. You can find most of the proteins on our site.
Function contributes_to histone methyltransferase activity (H3-K4 specific)
Related Protein CXXC1; ASH2L; DYDC2; DPY30; DYDC1; RBBP5
Function protein binding
Related Protein PEX26; FIGNL1; Reln; LIN9; JAM2; TCOF1; VEGFAA; VDAC1; FAT4; ATXN7
DYDC1 has direct interactions with proteins and molecules. Those interactions were detected by several methods such as yeast two hybrid, co-IP, pull-down and so on. We selected proteins and molecules interacted with DYDC1 here. Most of them are supplied by our site. Hope this information will be useful for your research of DYDC1.


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[Ed. Note: Ask Congress to End the Military's War on Animals, Support H.R. 4269, the BEST Practices Act - Action Alert 10/7/10.]
Because widely validated and accepted nonanimal alternatives for chemical casualty management and combat trauma training courses exist, there is no justification for the use of live animals for these training purposes.
Chemical Casualty Management Training
Superior nonanimal, human-based training methods exist that could immediately replace the use of vervet monkeys in the U.S. Army's "Chemical Casualty Resuscitation Practical Exercise."
- Researchers with the Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps and Israel's Carmel Medical Center have developed a nonanimal training curriculum for the medical management of patients exposed to nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons. The course includes lectures, simulation training, and the use of moulage, in which actors with applied makeup mimic the symptoms of chemical warfare casualties.
- John Pawlowski, M.D., Ph.D., director of anesthesia at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston and assistant professor at Harvard Medical School, has organized numerous scenarios that simulate mass casualty incidents and nerve gas attacks. These scenarios use human patient simulators, which mimic human responses to biological and nerve agents—including physostigmine—and moulage. Similar models are used at medical centers across the United States to prepare personnel for mass casualty incidents in the case of a terrorist attack.
Combat Trauma Training
At least three different approaches to combat trauma training are necessary because different types of skills and levels of knowledge are required of three distinct groups. In each case, human-based training methods could replace the use of goats and pigs.
- Physicians and Physician Assistants: The most important elements
of combat trauma training for physicians and physician assistants are
realism, human-specific injuries and treatments, volume of trauma exposure,
and team building. The ideal trauma and casualty training method is exposure
to real injuries in humans, such as that provided by the participation of
U.S. military medical teams at high-volume trauma centers. The Army Trauma
Training Center has been described as providing "exposure to a high volume
of traumatic injuries that closely mimic those seen on the battlefield."
In addition, the Air Force's Center for Sustainment of Trauma and Readiness Skills (C-STARS) program exemplifies how effective trauma training can be achieved by combined use of simulators, human cadavers, and civilian trauma centers. At centers in St. Louis, Cincinnati, and Baltimore, C-STARS courses teach chest tube insertion using simulators, fasciotomy using cadavers, and a number of other procedures using live human patients who enter trauma centers with severe injuries.
- Medics and Corpsmen: The re-creation of battlefield scenarios
remains an integral element to the training of medics and corpsmen. The
ideal training paradigm for medics and corpsmen combines simulation tools,
immersive simulated environments, and civilian trauma center training. The
use of live animals is inferior to simulation for specific skills training
and inferior to trauma centers for human-specific training similar to the
The U.S. Army's own Combat Trauma Patient Simulator has been described as "simulating, replicating, and assessing battlefield injuries by type and category such as hemorrhaging, fractures, amputations, and burns; monitoring the movement of casualties on the battlefield; capturing the time of patient diagnosis and treatment; comparing interventions and outcomes ateach military healthcare service delivery level."
- Infantry: In the absence of a medic or corpsman, an infantryman's job is to control hemorrhaging, stabilize soldiers who have sustained injuries, and generally render care at the scene of the injury—likely while still under hostile fire. Optimal first responder training for infantry includes the use of simulators such as Laerdal's SimMan, CHI Systems' HapMed limb simulator, and/or other simulators. These human anatomy-appropriate teaching methods can be used in conjunction with simulation of austere battlefield environments.


Game Review
Super Yum Yum: Puzzle Adventures Review
Europe PAL Version
Posted by Marcel van Duyn
Fairly yummy
First released for mobile phones and iPhone, Super Yum Yum is a puzzle game in which you play as Leon the chameleon, attempting to recover all your children and your large supply of fruit, all of which have been stolen by Ms. Tum Tum, a big blue creature with a large appetite.
After a quick tutorial level you'll be thrust into action immediately. The game is divided into four worlds, each of which has 12 stages. You can only tackle four of these stages at a time; to access the next four, you'll have to collect a certain amount of fruit in the already open stages. If you just make it a point to collect all fruit in every stage, you'll be fine: eventually you'll even be able to reach the next four stages without even playing any of the current ones.
The actual gameplay in each of the stages is fairly straightforward: simply collect all the fruit! Chameleons have fairly long tongues, and you'll be taking advantage of that. Most stages have a large number of gaps, with fruit on the other side, and you can even use your tongue to grab them and pull yourself across. It won't be long until stages also have Leon's children for you to rescue. They're collected in the same way as fruit, however, if you grab them from across a gap, you'll pull them towards yourself, rather than the other way around.
Leon's children start off being unimportant, but very quickly come into play. Certain stages feature extra large fruit, which require you to have one or more of your children with you before becoming edible. The amount of chameleons (including yourself) necessary to eat one will be depicted on it, so try to devise a path through the stage which allows you to get children before finding any large fruit.
But everything is not as simple as it sounds. All fruit has different colours, which signifies that Leon can only eat it when he himself is the same colour. All fruit also has leaves on top, which in most cases is a different colour from the fruit itself. After eating a fruit, you'll turn into the colour of the leaves, so most levels only have one or two possible solutions, as you'll have to eat everything in a very speciifc order.
Of course, you're likely to make a mistake or two some time, and the developers have thought of that, incorporating a rewind button that allows you to go one step back as many times as you want, all the way back to the very beginning of the level.
Once you've beaten a world, you'll actually have to fight a boss battle, something quite strange for a game like this. Leon's children play a role once more here, as you'll have to get past an even larger piece of fruit. A power bar will appear on screen with a slider automatically going from left to right – you'll have to stop it within a highlighted section of the bar to successfully fling one of your children at the fruit.
Once you've thrown all your kids, you'll have to continue stopping the slider in the correct section of the bar in order to start eating away at the fruit. The amount of kids you threw at it successfully determines how fast it'll go down, so if you rescued all kids and managed to throw all of them onto the fruit, you're far likelier to win within the time limit.
Although the gameplay is quite addicting, strangely the rest of the game is a bit lacking. Other versions, such as the one for iPhone, looked very clean and smooth, but the DSiWare release is noticeably uglier, and the game's small number of cutscenes all run very choppily. By far the worst is the music, as you'll only hear any on the level select screens: during actual gameplay, the game is completely silent, save for the sounds Leon and his kids make. The level select music would've been perfectly fine for the actual levels as well, so we wonder why the developers didn't simply do that.
On the whole, Super Yum Yum is a pretty fun game. With 48 increasingly hard levels, it will last you a good few hours, at least if you're trying to collect everything. The graphics and (near lack of) music will be off-putting to some, but there's nothing a stereo or a music player on your computer can't solve.
From the web
User Comments (10)
Malouff said:
The trailer for this looked fun.
Without music however, I will have to skip this one and wait for DodoGo!
Froggievilleus said:
This is a cute game. And Leon makes noises when eating fruit and such. And to be honest, I usually have the sound off and listen to other stuff while playing games.
Bankai said:
The review doesn't mention how clever the puzzles are in this game - it's really taxing on the brain in places, but at the same time, it's never stressful.
It's actually one of the better puzzlers on DSiWare.
Leave A Comment


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An Ontology-Based Approach To Concern-Specific Dynamic Software Structure Monitoring
This thesis introduces ResOwn - an application resource ownership ontology for interactive session-oriented services. ResOwn provides software monitoring with enriched concepts of application resource ownership borrowed from real-world legal and ownership ontologies. ResOwn is formally defined in OWL-DL (Web Ontology Language Description Logic), verified using an off-the-shelf reasoner, and tested using the call processing software for a small private branch exchange (PBX). The ResOwn Prime Directive states that every object in an operational software system is a resource, an owner, or both simultaneously. Resources produce benefits. Beneficiary owners may receive resource benefits. Nonbeneficiary owners may only manage resources. This approach distinguishes resource ownership use from management and supports the ability to detect when a resource's role-based runtime capacity has been exceeded.
This thesis also presents a greybox approach to concern-specific, dynamic software structure monitoring including a monitor architecture, greybox interpreter, and algorithms for deriving monitoring model from a monitored target's formal specifications. The target's requirements and design are assumed to be specified in SDL, a formalism based on communicating extended finite state machines. Greybox abstraction, applicable to both behavior and structure, provides direction on what parts, and how much of the target to instrument, and what types of resource errors to detect.
The approach was manually evaluated using a number of resource allocation and ownership scenarios. These scenarios were obtained by collecting actual call traces from an instrumented PBX. The results of an analytical evaluation of ResOwn and the monitoring approach are presented in a discussion of key advantages and known limitations. Conclusions and recommended future work are discussed at the end of the thesis.
School:University of Waterloo
School Location:Canada - Ontario
Source Type:Master's Thesis
Keywords:electrical computer engineering ontology application resource ownership dynamic software structure monitoring
Date of Publication:01/01/2006


text: In the urban environment, stormwater detention basins are a powerful means to limit the frequency of sewer system failures and consecutive urban flooding. To design such waterworks or to check their efficiency, it is possible to carry out continuous rainfall-runoff modelling. A long-term discharge series obtained from a long-term rainfall series is used as input for a storage model describing the detention basin behaviour: the basin behaviour may be consequently studied over a long period. The provided statistical information on the working state frequency, failure frequency, … of the detention basin is of high interest for the basin diagnostic or for its design. This paper presents the whole methodology which leads to production of such statistical information and especially: the models used to generate long term rainfall series with a short time step, the rainfall-runoff model used to transform the later series into a long term discharge series, and the model used to describe the behaviour of the detention basin. This methodology was applied to evaluate the efficiency of 4 detention basins built for stormwater control and flood mitigation. They are situated on a Swiss urban catchment (Chamberonne catchment – 40 km2) collecting water from the Mèbre and Sorge rivers.


Aeropress vs French Press: What's the Difference?
The most popular ways to make a cup of coffee are:
 1. Drip coffee machines,
 2. French presses,
 3. Aeropress,
 4. espresso makers, and
 5. Instant coffee.
But if you're looking for the methods that combine quality, ease of use, and mobility, you're going to want to focus on Aeropress vs french press.
Both methods are easy, take a matter of minutes, and can be done on camping trips or hikes, as well as in your kitchen.
What is an Aeropress?
Aeropress vs French Press: What an Aeropress?
Aeropress is technically a brand. The Aeropress is a simple way to make a strong cup of coffee. It looks a little complicated, but you can learn how to use it in a matter of minutes.
Here's how it works.
 1. You take finely ground coffee (finer than you'd grind your coffee for a french press or drip coffee maker), and put in two or three tablespoons in the Aeropress system.
 1. Then you fill it up with hot – but not boiling – water. You stir it gently, let it sit for 10-15 seconds.
 1. After those 10-15 seconds, you take the plunger, and push down, making sure all of the coffee ends in a coffee cup. You'll know it's done when you hear a hissing sound.
Pros and Cons of an Aeropress
An Aeropress makes a concentrated, strong cup of coffee.
What is the French Press?
Aeropress vs French Press: What is a French Press?
A french press is a more classic way of making a cup of coffee.
 1. You take coarsely ground beans and add it to the french press. You don't want your beans too fine because the french press works by pushing a metal filter down.
 2. You add hot water, just under boiling temperature. I like to let water boil, and then remove it from the heat for fifteen seconds, and then pour the water into the french press.
 3. You stir the coffee and then cover the french press for anywhere from 4 to 5 minutes. This is letting the coffee brew.
 4. After those 4 to 5 minutes, you push down the plunger. All the beans are trapped at the bottom, and at the top is ready to serve coffee.
Again, this will taste more like a normal cup of coffee – just slightly better than a drip coffee maker.
Aeropress vs French Press
If you're looking for a small but strong cup of coffee, go with the Aeropress. But if you like to drink coffee throughout the day – if you're like me and you like to have 2 – 3 cups as you go about your work, then get a french press.
Plus, an Aeropress does require filters. This isn't a huge deal-breaker, but it is technically more maintenance than a French press.
That being said – a cup of coffee from an Aeropress is addicting. I personally use the Aeropress when I go on camping trips because it's lighter and easier to throw into a backpack than my six cup french press.
Is an Aeropress better than a French Press?
No, an Aeropress is not better than a french press. A french press is also not better than an Aeropress. They both use different methods to deliver different types of cups of coffee.
Does the Aeropress make espresso?
No, an Aeropress does not make espresso. Espresso is made by using high amounts of pressure and finely ground coffee beans. Even stovetop espresso makers are technically not espresso because they can't contain the amount of pressure an espresso machine needs to make to make a legitimate cup of espresso.
However, an Aeropress does make a stronger cup of coffee than a French press or drip coffee maker and this is because it uses less water.
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CFileFind Class
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Important This document may not represent best practices for current development, links to downloads and other resources may no longer be valid. Current recommended version can be found here. ArchiveDisclaimer
CFileFind Class
Performs local file searches and is the base class for CGopherFileFind and CFtpFileFind, which perform Internet file searches.
class CFileFind : public CObject
CFileFind includes member functions that begin a search, locate a file, and return the title, name, or path of the file. For Internet searches, the member function GetFileURL returns the file's URL.
CFileFind is the base class for two other MFC classes designed to search particular server types: CGopherFileFind works specifically with gopher servers, and CFtpFileFind works specifically with FTP servers. Together, these three classes provide a seamless mechanism for the client to find files, regardless of the server protocol, the file type, or location, on either a local machine or a remote server.
The following code will enumerate all the files in the current directory, printing the name of each file:
CFileFind finder;
BOOL bWorking = finder.FindFile(_T("*.*"));
while (bWorking)
{
 bWorking = finder.FindNextFile();
 TRACE(_T("%s\n"), (LPCTSTR)finder.GetFileName());
}
To keep the example simple, this code uses the standard C++ library cout class. The cout line could be replaced with a call to CListBox::AddString, for example, in a program with a graphical user interface.
For more information about how to use CFileFind and the other WinInet classes, see the article Internet Programming with WinInet.
Header: afx.h
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© 2015 Microsoft


Home
A new application called TradeAnalyzer provides multiple visualization methods to examine, sort, and filter the attributes of data.
Analyzing large data is the process of methodically and systematically making decisions to reduce incomprehensible datasets down to a manageable size that can be viewed and understood easily. These reductions are made by performing data analytics, producing metrics, identifying patterns, and/or producing any other criteria of comparison that can be mathematically modeled.
With the use of High Performance Computing (HPC) and the ever-shrinking limitations to storage and processing, the size of data on which analytics can be performed has been growing exponentially. Datasets that originally took years to manually process can now be interpreted and visualized in days or weeks.
TradeAnalyzer enables the user to readily analyze data through multiple methods. Custom R-scripts and objective functions can be applied to the tradespace in order to create additional metrics or reduce the tradespace to a more manageable size for future assessments. A tradespace is defined as the set of system and program parameters, properties, and facets needed to meet specific performance standards.
Custom R-scripts are the primary technique of analytics in the tool suite. Mathematical models, or machine learning algorithms written in R, can be applied to the tradespace and executed to create plots, metrics, or reduce the tradespace for further analysis. Objective functions can be written to link the interaction between the data and goals and used to reduce the tradespace for further analysis.
The implementation of set-based design (SBD) and the use of HPC are two related pillars of Engineered Resilient Systems (ERS) that require large tradespace visualization. The coupling of SBD and HPC generates large amounts of complex data that surpass conventional desktop-based data processing methods. As opposed to point-based design where the design cycle begins with a single design, SBD begins with a sufficient number of design alternatives to cover the feasible tradespace. This allows for analytical tradeoffs between system attributes and competing requirements.
Hundreds of thousands of design-alternatives are often necessary to fully cover the tradespace. Generating these large datasets are often beyond the capacity of the standard desktop computers, thus, HPC is integral to the ERS workflow. The data output from the HPC machines is often too large to be ingested into typical desktop programs. In addition to technology constraints, the computer science expertise and time required to comprehend this data are typically outside the purview of most potential users.
TradeAnalyzer enables the user to readily explore large tradespaces using a variety of interactive visualizations, including histograms, two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) scatterplots, mutual information (MI) diagrams, parallel coordinate plots, and platform alternative scoring diagrams. These capabilities enable the user to explore multi-dimensional tradespaces. Additionally, visualizations can be rendered using custom R-scripts. The scripts can help to detect linear and non-linear relationships across attributes, find feasible clusters, and identify optimal platform solutions. Lastly, users can filter the data to optimal solutions and compare them across many attributes, giving the user increased computational power and visualization capability to support the acquisition decision-making process.
This work was done by Timothy W. Garton, Willie H. Brown, Eric R. Mixon, and Joshua Q. Church for the Army Engineer Research and Development Center. ERDC-0009
This Brief includes a Technical Support Package (TSP).
Engineered Resilient Systems (reference ERDC-0009) is currently available for download from the TSP library.
Please Login at the top of the page to download.


Turtle goes to holy land
We were experimenting with different tomatoes in the garden this year. I've tried to plant them in alphabetical order so that I can keep up with the three or four varieties we have, trying to see which one does the best.
One of my plants did not make the first growth spurt and cold snap so my wife got a holy land variety to plant in its place. She thought with a name like that the plant might be more resistant to the usual midsummer drought.
The other day I was admiring the new produce and I noticed a V-shaped gouge out of a new low hanging tomato. None of the other planets had this problem. A few days later I saw a box turtle in the garden and decided that it was his snout pattern that accounted for the wedge out of my fruit.
The question then comes to mind, why does this turtle prefer the holy land variety to the others? You would have to assume he has already tried all the others to purposefully avoid them. But that means that he must have done a lot of sampling. And I didn't know that a turtle was that well traveled, at least not as far as the holy land.