text:
Rural poverty is a pervasive issue throughout the U.S., but it "hits home" in the Ozarks. Individuals, families and communities are all affected by the loss of businesses and vital infrastructure due to economic downturns and the loss of social capital, including upwardly mobile youth. What are the issues related to rural poverty, and what can be done to sustain economic growth in distressed rural communities? Which organizations work most effectively with communities to identify the assets and social capital that are needed to rebuild rural community economies and infrastructures?
Public Affairs Conference held April 10-12, 2018
Event sponsor Public Affairs Mission
Admission Free Open to public, alumni, current students, faculty, future students, staff
Location Plaster Student Union, Robert W. Room Ballroom East


text:
Not all fire suppression systems have mandatory NFPA 12 requirements that have to be applied retroactively. Carbon dioxide (CO2) systems are one of the few, and they cannot be grandfathered in. Since 2008, NFPA 12 has added requirements like discharge delays, odorizers, lock-out valves and other equipment and signage. In this video, fire protection expert Lee Kaiser explains some of these mandatory features and upgrades that will make your fire suppression system safer.
CO2 Systems: Safety Upgrades, Designs, and Applications
Lee: "So the safety upgrades that I mentioned, in the 2008 edition of NFPA 12, the code-making committee for gaseous suppression systems realized that we're still killing too many people with CO2 discharges, and so they added a number of things to the code and made them now mandatory. So this is only one of the few mandatory requirements that I know about that's done in fire codes. Most of the time it's an improvement of the code and any new system has to follow it, but this is actually retroactive. So if you have an existing CO2 system, you have to go back and upgrade your system to meet these safety requirements, including adding lock-out valves. So on the discharge piping from the cylinders, you need to have a valve in the line that you can close and then lock out and tag out when you go into that occupied space, or normally unoccupied space if it's total flood and work in that environment.
NFPA 12 Mandatory Requirements
Discharge delays. These are mechanical delays that will give you some time to exit the space so that you can hear this other device, a mechanical pneumatic siren, so a siren that's run by the gas pressure that warns people inside that space that they need to exit and that that discharge delay will be done soon, and the gas will be coming into there.
Odorizers. Now, this is important. There's a good way to teach this for CO2. CO2 is odorless and colorless, so you can't see it necessarily coming into the space or know that it's there, so we add odorizers to a system to make them safer, and that's a mechanical device that injects a little bit of oil of wintergreen, so a mint smell, to the CO2 so you can smell it. You should be trained, if you work in that space, when you smell a mint smell, which is probably not common in the space that you're working, when you smell that mint smell you know to get out. If you don't get out, you're going to die a very minty death. So we don't want that to happen to anybody.
And then other equipment and signage. Those are some of the things.
Compliance is Important
Now, how do you think the industry has done with going back and retrofitting systems? Good? No, not very good. So this is old information, but it's frankly good to bring up again to keep the awareness high that when you encounter a CO2 system or you're a user of CO2 and you don't see some of these things on your system, you need to go back and do that just to keep your system safe, or make it as safe as possible, because we still lose a couple people every year due to CO2 discharges.
Some of the available designs, total flooding. CO2 systems are one of the only systems that we can use for deep-seated fires, so when bulk material where the fire can be buried down in or burn long enough to get buried down in, we can use a CO2 system to attack that type of fire. A good example of that would be coal bins at a power plant. If I've got a coal silo full of coal. It's just moving into the power plant. If it sits long enough it can self-heat and combust inside of there, and so once the coal catches on fire, one of the only ways to put it out is with a CO2 system, so we'll inject CO2 low in the silo and high, and it will fill that volume and soak into the coal, and it can extinguish that type of fire. So that's what a deep-seated fire example for that. It deals well with uncloseable openings and even forced ventilation. If you can't shut off the HVAC or a fan or something like that, we can deal with that in the CO2 system.
Used for local application, for leaky spaces, we can do extended discharge systems. Some applications, flammable storage rooms. We use them a lot in power generation for turbines and generators, machinery rooms, steel production, printing presses, just a number of different applications for CO2 systems."

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Lesson 2 - Introduction to working with files in Java
In the previous lesson, Exceptions In Java, we went over exceptions in Java, which are necessary for working with files since they allow us to react to errors properly. In today's tutorial, we're going to talk about files in general and the writing privileges in Windows. After reading this lesson, you will be ready to work with files.
Data, i.e. objects stored in memory, is lost once the application is terminated. If we want to ensure that the application data is persistent, we'd have to save it when the application is closing and load it back when we run it again. There are a lot of ways to store application data, each has some advantages and disadvantages. Generally, we store application data in one of the following ways:
 - Text files with a flat structure (e.g. .txt and .csv files)
 - Text files with an internal hierarchy (e.g. .json or .xml files)
 - Binary files (simple memory dump into a file)
 - Databases
Each data-storing method has its advantages and disadvantages. During the course, we'll explain and try them out. We'll focus mainly on how to store objects into files and load them back after the application has been terminated. Afterward, we'll move on to the database course.
Writing privileges in Windows
Windows 7 writing privileges UAC
Since Windows Vista, Windows operating systems include what is known as UAC (User Account Control). This technology prohibits writing to the system disk partition (usually C:\) in case the writing operation is not allowed by the administrator or it's somewhere else than to the user's personal folders. This restriction obviously filled internet forums and broke many applications. However, the main thing here is that this restriction is correct and only prevents poorly written applications from changing everything they want to. Linux operating systems have had similar restrictions in order for a long time.
The Windows system concept includes user accounts. Each user account is represented by a folder (usually C:\Users\username). This folder contains, among others, documents, the desktop and the applications data folder. This folder can be accessed by entering the %appdata% key to a path. Type in %appdata% into the Windows explorer's path field and hit Enter. You will see that many of your installed applications have subfolders in this folder. Here's where you're meant to save your applications' settings and other data. Your application will need to create its own folder here named after itself and use it to save data. Using this folder, we won't be restricted by the UAC and our application will also be able to store different settings for different users, without explicitly programming it in Java. %appdata% always points to the AppData of the user who is currently logged in.
A big mistake that people would make was that they would make their programs store their data to the folder where the program was installed. The program worked if it was saved on their desktop or on old versions of Windows. However, if it was installed into the Program Files/ folder on the C drive, it would crash with an error when writing to the disk. Windows partially emulated this sort of thing for some applications, but we won't get into that. As you may have guessed, the problem can be worked around by running the application as administrators, however, this is an improper solution.
In this tutorial, we'll create a folder for our application in the AppData folder. In other tutorials, this part won't be included so the code for various file formats is as simple as possible. If you run the application from your computer, everything should work properly. Once you publish it, however, you'll have to modify it to use AppData. Now we know where we're going to write, and we have introduced exceptions. Let's get to actually working with files!
Streams
In Java, there are streams which are known as generic "data streams". We can connect to a stream and then load data from it or write data to it. Streams are theoretically universal and the same stream may lead to the RAM or to a file on the disk. Working with files is realized through streams. All of the classes that we'll mention in the future wrap a stream somehow or work with one. However, we don't need to work with them explicitly.
In this course, we'll deal with one file type in each lesson and introduce a class that is designed for it. Now, let's look at the very basics of how to create a folder for our application in the current user's AppData folder. We'll use the File class for working with files and folders. Let's write an application that will have its own folder in AppData and checks whether there is a database.dat file within said folder.
String path = "";
path = System.getenv("APPDATA") + File.separator + "IctSocial";
File fPath = new File(path);
if (!fPath.isDirectory()) {
 if (!fPath.mkdirs()) {
 System.out.printf("Unable to create the folder %s, check your privileges.", path);
 }
}
File fDatabase = new File(path + File.separator + "database.dat");
if (fDatabase.exists()) {
 try {
 // Place your code for loading your settings from the file here
 } catch (Exception e) {
 System.out.printf("Error while loading the settings: %s", e.getMessage());
 }
} else {
 try {
 // Place your code for creating your settings here
 } catch (Exception e) {
 System.out.printf("Error while creating the settings: %s", e.getMessage());
 }
}
First, we store the path to our application's folder to a path string. We get the AppData location using the following bit of code:
System.getenv("APPDATA")
For Windows 7 and 8 the method returns something like this:
C:\Users\your_name\AppData\Roaming
We'll add a folder with our application's name to the path as well. The name I chose is IctSocial/, you may use your own. It should now look like this:
C:\Users\your_name\AppData\Roaming\IctSocial
If the given folder doesn't exist (it's the first run of the application), we'll make one. Then, we'll check whether the file whose data we want to load exists. If so, we load the data. If it doesn't, we'll create the file and save a default bit of data to it. We could also skip creating the file overall, it all depends on your application's needs.
Once we run our application, a new folder will appear in %appdata%:
The Appdata folder and creating an application folder here in C# .NET
This was a quick introduction on how to store an application's data properly. At this point, you should be very familiar with what exceptions are as well. Now, you know all that you need to work with your first file format. In the next lesson, Working with text files in Java, we'll conduct a few file operations on text files. To make things clear, I won't deal with writing privileges in future lessons so as to make keep the code simple. In other words, our programs will only work in user folders (when executed from Visual Studio). Feel free to come back here and adjust your code to fit the distributable format once you finish your application.

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TextSoap is for people who work with text.
TextSoap effortlessly cleans up text from endlessly different formats. Wash away unwanted characters, spaces, tabs. Fix paragraphs with hard returns at the end of each line, as well as a myriad of other formatting issues that come your way and do it all while retaining desired font styles.
Unlike finding and replacing each of dozens of typical formatting issues or manually perusing through a file to find errors and fixing them by hand, TextSoap can automate that task down to just one click. And you can do it all from within your favorite app using the TextSoap Universal menu.
Easy to learn for casual users, TextSoap also has the flexibility that serious users need.
- New Action (Advanced feature): Perform Named Service. Will perform named OS X Service on the given text.
- [Direct] New License menu item in App menu to easily view current license info.
- [Direct] New Recover option to retrieve existing TextSoap 8 license codes. Select new License menu item to access.
- [Direct] License tab now shows current license key.
- Fixed issue that caused false error to be reported in Console when using the cleanFile command in AppleScript on a rich text document.
- Updated frameworks
OS X 10.10 or later, 64-bit processor


text:
LEXINGTON, Va – Progress is a word Lexington Mayor Frank Friedman has become familiar with over the last year.
"Part of our comprehensive plan is the whole idea of embracing our history and uplifting figures from the past," Friedman said.
As this city continues to address its complicated past, leaders are preparing to host their first official Juneteenth event downtown.
A time that will be used to celebrate and reflect.
"One of the things that's really critical about Lexington is we're based in with history and education, and it's been an educational piece for most of our community to learn about Juneteenth," Friedman said.
[11 events happening in Southwest, Central Virginia to celebrate Juneteenth]
In the last year alone, Stonewall Jackson's name has been removed from the hospital, cemetery, and several buildings at Virginia Military Institute.
The state's oldest military school also removed a statue honoring the confederate general.
"I think it's important to celebrate Juneteenth. In Lexington, because of the because of the history, particularly with the kind of the Confederate history," Rockbridge NAACP President Reginald A. Early said.
Rockbridge County NAACP president Reginald Early says celebrations like the city's Martin Luther King Jr. parade are an inspiration for how this weekend will look.
"All of these organizations are social justice issues the organizations that want to see people of color, get their due justice," Early said.
City leaders agree there is still more work to be done, but they will continue to move forward together.
"Were moving in the right direction, keeping in step with the nation. From a Commonwealth point of view," Early said.
From 12 p.m. to 4 p.m. events will be held at Hopkin's Green and from 5 p.m. to 7 p.m. events will be held on Washington Street, which is between South Jefferson Street and South Main Street.
Click here to learn more.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text: An experimental and theoretical investigation of the flow at the outlet of a Francis turbine runner is carried out in order to elucidate the causes of a sudden drop in the draft tube pressure recovery coefficient at a discharge near the best efficiency operating point. Laser Doppler anemometry velocity measurements were performed for both axial and circumferential velocity components at the runner outlet. A suitable analytical representation of the swirling flow has been developed taking the discharge coefficient as independent variable. It is found that the investigated mean swirling flow can be accurately represented as a superposition of three distinct vortices. An eigenvalue analysis of the linearized equation for steady, axisymmetric, and inviscid swirling flow reveals that the swirl reaches a critical state precisely (within 1.3%) at the discharge where the sudden variation in draft tube pressure recovery is observed. This is very useful for turbine design and optimization, where a suitable runner geometry should avoid such critical swirl configuration within the normal operating range.


text:
| HBS Case Collection
The Future of BioPasteur -- Supplement
The purpose of this exercise is to let students experience a few biases that can be deleterious to strategic decision-making. In particular, students are induced to fall into a confirmatory trap, and to experience other biases such as anchoring and sampling bias. Although the exercise can be performed individually, it is a better vehicle to explore how some team-level dynamics and structural choices can either increase or reduce the probability of falling into such biases. The exercise creates a situation that mirrors the one leading to the Challenger disaster.
Keywords: Decision Making;
Problems and Challenges;
Prejudice and Bias;

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


FAQ: Why Lalitha Devi Sits On Lord Shiva?
Who is Devi Lalita?
Tripura Sundari (Sanskrit: त्रिपुर सुन्दरी, IAST: Tripura Sundarī), also known as Sodashi and Lalita, is a Hindu goddess and is mainly venerated in Shaktism, the goddess-oriented sect of Hinduism. She is also a prominent Mahavidya.
What is the significance of Lalitha Sahasranamam?
Who wrote Lalitha Sahasranamam?
Who killed Bhandasura?
The Mother put out every firebrand sent by the demon her way, and destroyed his army with the Maha-Pashupatastra. She finally killed Bhandasura and destroyed Shonitapura with the Kameshwarastra.
When should we read Lalitha Sahasranamam?
It can be recited at any time during the day, but it is considered best to do it between 4 am and 7 am and in the evening. If you also want to achieve something big in your life, then definitely know about the benefits given under Lalita Sahasranama.
You might be interested: Quick Answer: Deepika Kumari Related To Which Sport?
Is Lalitha Devi Parvati?
Can ladies chant Lalitha Sahasranamam?
Lalita sahasranaam can be taken as Naama-japa (without nyasas). For that matter, any sahasranamam can be chanted by ladies including Sri Lalitha Sahasranama. One can get the maximum results by reciting Sri Lalitha Sahasranamam after knowing meaning of each nama.
Which Sahasranamam is best?
What is the meaning of Lalitha?
Advertisement. Name Lalitha or ( Lalitha ) means Elegant; beautiful. Person with name Lalitha are with loads of positive aspects in their lives. This name is considered to be the source of immense happiness. Thus, these people know how to have the taste of happiness.
Can we do Lalitha Sahasranamam during periods?
How many stanzas are there in Lalitha Sahasranamam?
There are 84 Shlokas ( verses ) in the Brahmanda Purana which speaks about the benefits of reciting Lalita Sahasranamam, as expounded by Lord Hayagriva.
Who is Shodashi?
As Shodashi, Tripurasundari is represented as a sixteen-year-old girl, and is believed to embody sixteen types of desire. The Tripura Sundari, along with other Goddesses, namely, Tara, Kali, Bhuvaneshvari, Chhinnamasta, Bhairavi, Bagalamukhi, Dhumavati, Kamalatmika and Matangi.
You might be interested: Often asked: Why Is Vishnu Sahasranamam Powerful?
How did Lord Shiva died?
Who is the supreme goddess in Hinduism?
Adi Parashakti (Sanskrit: आदि पराशक्ति, IAST: Ādi Parāśakti) is term which means primordial energy or primordial force, denoting the Supreme Goddess or Divine Mother in Hinduism.
Adi Parashakti
Adi Parashakti as the supreme goddess
Devanagari आदि पराशक्ति
Sanskrit transliteration Ādi Parāṣakti
Why is Ashok Sundari not Worshipped?
She is worshipped as Bāla Tripura Sundari, the daughter of the Mother Goddess Tripura Sundari and Lord Kameshwara(Lord Shiva). Actually all the children of Lord Shiva are his energies only. So maybe Goddess Ashoka Sundari takes different forms or names in different Kalpas. But it is not that she is not worshipped.
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Unicodedata — Python Unicode database
File handling | Python Methods and Functions | unicodedata
Functions defined by the module:
 - unicodedata.lookup (name)
 This function looks for a character by name. If a symbol with the given name is found in the database, then the corresponding symbol is returned, otherwise a Keyerror is thrown.
 Example:
 import unicodedata

 print unicodedata.lookup ( 'LEFT CURLY BRACKET' )
 print unicodedata.lookup ( ' RIGHT CURLY BRACKET' )
 print unicodedata .lookup ( 'ASTERISK' )

 # gives error as is
 # no symbol named ASTRA
 # print unicodedata.lookup (& # 39; ASTER & # 39;)
 Output:
 {} *
 - unicodedata.name (chr [, default])
 This function returns the name assigned to the given character as a string. If no name is specified, the function returns a default value, otherwise a ValueError is thrown if no name is specified.
 Example:
 import unicodedata

 print unicodedata.name (u '/' )
 print unicodedata.name (u '|' )
 print unicodedata. name (u ':' )
 Output:
 SOLIDUS VERTICAL LINE COLON
 - unicodedata.decimal (chr [, by default])
 This function returns the decimal value assigned to the given character as an integer. If no value is specified, the function returns the default value, otherwise ValueError is raised if no value is specified.
 Example:
 import unicodedata

 print unicodedata.decimal (u '9' )
 print unicodedata.decimal (u 'a' )
 Output:
 9 Traceback (most recent call last): File "7e736755dd176cd0169eeea6f5d32057.py", line 4, in print unicodedata.decimal (u'a') ValueError: not a decimal
 - unicodedata.digit (chr [, default])
 This function returns the numeric value assigned to the given character as an integer. If no value is specified, the function returns the default value, otherwise ValueError is raised if no value is specified.
 Example:
 import unicodedata

 print unicodedata.decimal (u '9' )
 print unicodedata.decimal (u '143' )
 Output:
 9 Traceback (most recent call last): File "ad47ae996380a777426cc1431ec4a8cd.py", line 4, in print unicodedata. decimal (u'143') TypeError: need a single Unicode character as parameter
 - un icodedata.numeric (chr [, default])
 This function returns the numeric value assigned to the given character as an integer. If no value is specified, the function returns the default value, otherwise ValueError is raised if no value is specified.
 Example:
 import unicodedata

 print unicodedata.decimal (u '9' )
 print unicodedata.decimal (u '143' )
 Output:
 9 Traceback (most recent call last): File "ad47ae996380a777426cc1431ec4a8cd.py", line 4, in print unicodedata.decimal (u'143') TypeError: need a single Unicode character as parameter
 - unicodeda ta.category (CHR)
 This function returns the general category assigned to the given character as a string. For example, it returns L for a letter and U for uppercase letters.
 Example:
 import unicodedata

 print unicodedata.category (u 'A' )
 print unicodedata.category (u 'b' )
 Output:
 Lu Ll
 - unicodedata.bidirectional (CHR)
 This function returns a bi-directional class assigned to the given character as a string. For example, it returns "A" for Arabic and "N" for number. This function returns an empty string if no such value is defined.
 Example:
 import unicodedata

 print unicodedata.bidirectional (u 'u0660' )
 Output:
 AN
 - unicodedata.normalize (form, uniform)
 This function returns the normal form form for a Unicr Unicode string. Valid values for the form are NFC, NFKC, NFD, and NFKD.
 Example:
 from unicodedata import normalize

 print '% r' % normalize ( 'NFD' , u 'u00C7' )
 print '% r' % normalize ( 'NFC' , u ' Cu0327' )
 print '% r' % normalize ( ' NFKD' , u 'u2460' )
 Output:
 u'Cu0327' u'xc7' u'1'
This article courtesy of Aditi Gupta . If you are as Python.Engineering and would like to contribute, you can also write an article using contribute.python.engineering or by posting the article [email protected] ... See my article appearing on the Python.Engineering homepage and help other geeks.
Please post comments if you find anything wrong or if you would like to share more information on the topic discussed above.
Unicodedata — Python Unicode database: StackOverflow Questions
Answer #1
Comparing strings in a case insensitive way seems trivial, but it"s not. I will be using Python 3, since Python 2 is underdeveloped here.
The first thing to note is that case-removing conversions in Unicode aren"t trivial. There is text for which text.lower() != text.upper().lower(), such as "√ü":
"√ü".lower()
#>>> "√ü"
"√ü".upper().lower()
#>>> "ss"
But let"s say you wanted to caselessly compare "BUSSE" and "Bu√üe". Heck, you probably also want to compare "BUSSE" and "BU·∫ûE" equal - that"s the newer capital form. The recommended way is to use casefold:
str.casefold()
Return a casefolded copy of the string. Casefolded strings may be used for caseless matching.
Casefolding is similar to lowercasing but more aggressive because it is intended to remove all case distinctions in a string. [...]
Do not just use lower. If casefold is not available, doing .upper().lower() helps (but only somewhat).
Then you should consider accents. If your font renderer is good, you probably think "√™" == "eÃÇ" - but it doesn"t:
"√™" == "eÃÇ"
#>>> False
This is because the accent on the latter is a combining character.
import unicodedata
[unicodedata.name(char) for char in "√™"]
#>>> ["LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX"]
[unicodedata.name(char) for char in "eÃÇ"]
#>>> ["LATIN SMALL LETTER E", "COMBINING CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT"]
The simplest way to deal with this is unicodedata.normalize. You probably want to use NFKD normalization, but feel free to check the documentation. Then one does
unicodedata.normalize("NFKD", "√™") == unicodedata.normalize("NFKD", "eÃÇ")
#>>> True
To finish up, here this is expressed in functions:
import unicodedata
def normalize_caseless(text):
 return unicodedata.normalize("NFKD", text.casefold())
def caseless_equal(left, right):
 return normalize_caseless(left) == normalize_caseless(right)
Answer #2
There"s many useful things in Python"s unicodedata library. One of them is the .normalize() function.
Try:
new_str = unicodedata.normalize("NFKD", unicode_str)
Replacing NFKD with any of the other methods listed in the link above if you don"t get the results you"re after.
Answer #3
It"s mostly about unicode classifications. Here"s some examples to show discrepancies:
>>> def spam(s):
... for attr in "isnumeric", "isdecimal", "isdigit":
... print(attr, getattr(s, attr)())
...
>>> spam("¬Ω")
isnumeric True
isdecimal False
isdigit False
>>> spam("¬≥")
isnumeric True
isdecimal False
isdigit True
Specific behaviour is in the official docs here.
Script to find all of them:
import sys
import unicodedata
from collections import defaultdict
d = defaultdict(list)
for i in range(sys.maxunicode + 1):
 s = chr(i)
 t = s.isnumeric(), s.isdecimal(), s.isdigit()
 if len(set(t)) == 2:
 try:
 name = unicodedata.name(s)


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How to Generate Synthetic Data with a Knowledge Graph
May 4, 2020
Companies must be extremely careful about how they deal with customer data due to current international data protection regulation. When creating marketing resources, presenting to stakeholders or demonstrating to prospective clients, they must have data that looks realistic but respects data privacy. However, using data that clearly does not conform with the expected format can mislead audiences and result in unfavourable decisions.
One way to tackle this problem is to anonymize the data samples used. However, implementing a good anonymization algorithm that makes it impossible to trace the data back to its source is not always straightforward. This article presents an alternative approach: instead of going through the tedious process of anonymizing data, we solve this problem by using the PoolParty Semantic Suite to generate synthetic data.
Five Steps to Create Synthetic Data With A Knowledge Graph
Our goal is to create synthetic data that conforms with the expected structure and that has realistic content, such as properly formed sentences with domain content, instead of the lorem ipsum type of sentences. As the data generated is completely synthetic, the risk of it being traceable to source materials is greatly mitigated.
We have applied this principle to create synthetic curricula vitae (CV) by following these steps:
1. Decide on the Structure
Define the structure of the CV by describing what data fields are needed, the expected content and other formatting aspects of the resulting document. This acts as a template to be automatically filled in using domain knowledge. For illustrative purposes we have defined a simplified CV template. In our case, relevant fields are the personal details of the person, their current position and education as well as the hard and soft skills they possess.
2. Analyze and Extract
Use PoolParty to analyze sample documents to extract instances of key elements and frequencies. The PoolParty Extractor was run using the ESCO taxonomy to identify relevant skills in the different source CVs and build a model of the frequency of different types of CVs (e.g. developer, HR, manager,...) contained in the data set. This gives us a good idea of how the target documents should look like with regards to content.
3. Build Your Knowledge Graph
Build a knowledge graph that has concept schemes that contain the domain-specific knowledge matching the template fields that need to be filled in. Knowledge can be reused from existing taxonomies or other sources (for instance, online image databases or random name generators). For our CV generator, we created concept schemes for companies, universities, degrees, hard skills (based on the output of the PoolParty Extractor) and soft skills, among others.
4. Build an Algorithm
Build a generation algorithm that looks at each field in the template and instantiates it with values from the corresponding concept scheme in the knowledge graph. In its simplest version, the instantiation can be done randomly, in more sophisticated versions we can look at relations across concept schemes. For instance, if the person holds a position in software development, then their hard skills should be related to that professional area.
5. Generate the synthetic data
Use the defined structure and the selected values to generate a meaningful CV from the template.
Having a rich knowledge graph is key to be able to generate documents that feel realistic and varied. A good agile approach to the development of such a knowledge graph is to tackle one category at a time and enrich the taxonomy step by step. For instance, building the taxonomy across all concept schemes with knowledge only about the software development discipline.
So far, we have discussed the idea of filling in fields in a template. However, we have not elaborated on what would be the nature of those fields. Often these fields are blocks of coherent text, for instance a summary of the biography of a person. Given that the use cases we have tackled delimit the structure and content of such blocks of text, so far we have opted for a simplified approach based on the knowledge graph instead of using natural language processing (NLP) to generate sentences. We have defined the type of sentences that appear in each relevant section of a CV. We also established how to choose those sentences (e.g. introducing variations in the combination).
Each of those sentences have parameters that can be instantiated using concepts from the knowledge graph. When we combine the different types of sentences, and different values within each of them, we end up with a varied range of outputs. The sheer number of possible outputs obscures the fact that the generation follows a certain generation pattern.
The Benefits Of This Approach
This approach is sufficiently generic that it can be applied to any use case where a relatively standard template for documents can be defined (contracts, for example). It also accommodates variations of such a template. It scales well as we can start with a subset of the knowledge in the taxonomy. In addition, the knowledge graph can be reused for other purposes. Once this infrastructure has been set up the generation of documents is instantaneous.
Feel free to check out our HR Recommender demo, where we used synthetic data generated using this approach.
The Road Ahead
There are complex approaches to generate text using NLP techniques. While we chose to only work with a knowledge graph in the first version of the CV Generator, any number of these NLP techniques could be used to improve the results with regards to the generation of realistic natural language sentences. Our generator was built to easily incorporate such techniques and advanced statistical models into the basic algorithm.
Juliane Piñeiro-Winkler
Juliane Piñeiro-Winkler
Data Engineer
Alexi Lopez-Lorca
Alexi Lopez-Lorca


text:
Welcome back! In part 1 we had a look at some NSX-T management plane failure scenarios and how to recover from them. In this part we continue to investigate NSX-T recoverability at the data plane and more specifically the NSX Edge.
If you ever experience an issue in your NSX-T production environment, the first and only thing you should do is open a VMware support request. Highly skilled experts who are dealing with all kind of NSX-T issues on a daily basis will help you in the best possible way with your specific issue.
NSX data plane failure & recovery
Most will agree that failures at the data plane are more critical than for instance failures at the management plane. After all, the data plane is where the network packets that really matter are flowing around. Failures at the data plane can potentially impact service availability.
Luckily, the NSX data plane is robust by design. Largely distributed and where it's centralized it's also clustered. Combine this with a proper design for the physical and logical components and you're looking at a pretty solid solution.
But sure, things can break down and when they do it's important to understand how to get back on track again.
The lab environment
We're still using the same small lab environment as in part 1. I just added a VM in the compute cluster for today's article. Below is a diagram showing the main components from a high level perspective.
The NSX Edge
The NSX Edge is a centralized, often clustered, component. It provides a range of gateway services, but one of its main responsibilities is routing traffic between NSX logical networks and the physical network.
The worker bees of the NSX Edge are the edge nodes. They are available in two form factors (virtual machine and bare metal) and are organized in one or more edge clusters.
In my lab environment the NSX Edge consists of of two edge node VMs and one edge node cluster.
Let's have a quick look at the deployment details of one these edge node VMs.
A pretty common NSX-T 2.4 edge node deployment configuration for the VM form factor.
Below the layer 3 topology running on top of the NSX Edge.
As you can see the layer 3 network is making good use of the lower layer's redundant paths.
Lastly, the Tier 0 gateway in this lab has been set up with an Active-Standby HA mode.
Current state of the NSX Edge
Life is good at the edge. The edge node VMs are up and running.
The edge transport nodes configuration state and node status are looking good.
The Tier 0 gateway's BGP summary shows that BGP connections are established with both of the TORs.
The Tier 0 gateway's routing table contains IP routes advertised by the TORs through BGP.
And last but not least the VM in the compute cluster can access the physical network. A "traceroute" to the PING host on the physical network shows that traffic is routed to TOR-Right (172.16.14.253) at the moment:
North-south networking is running beautifully! What can possibly go wrong on a day like this?
Not exactly an NSX Edge failure, but definitely a failure scenario that concerns the NSX Edge.
TOR-Right broke down. What's the impact? Let's have a look.
The BGP summary indeed shows us that we've lost connection with TOR-Right. BGP connections with TOR-Left are still intact though.
The Tier 0's routing table now only contains BGP routes advertised by TOR-Left.
All of this is expected, but how is the data plane affected by this TOR failure?
It seems to be working fine. Sure, the "traceroute" reveals that traffic is now passing through TOR-Left (172.16.13.254), but that's about it.
The redundant infrastructure and BGP making use of that ensured that this TOR failure had minimal impact on the NSX data plane.
TOR down recovery
Basically we would just rack and stack a new TOR, configure it, and restore redundancy. The only thing we need to do within NSX is verify that the BGP connections are restored.
Edge node down
Last time I checked there were two edge node VMs in that Edge cluster. en01 is gone!
What's the impact? How do we recover?
Let's first investigate the impact this failure has on the north-south traffic.
Alright, none whatsoever.
The VM can still reach the physical network. The surviving edge transport node must have taken over the duties of the failed node.
But of course, the NSX Edge is now running on a single edge transport node and NSX Manager clearly shows us that we are dealing with a degraded state.
Without a standby node we're living on the edge (pun intended). We need that second transport node up and running again.
Edge node down recovery
In a situation like this it's good to remember that there's nothing unique about an edge node. During its lifetime it is much like a container receiving and executing configuration from the management plane. In other words, losing the edge node is in itself nothing traumatic. We just need to get a new one.
The first step when recovering from a permanent edge node failure is to deploy a new edge node. Once it's deployed three edge transport nodes are listed in the NSX Manager UI.
- en01 with status "Unknown" is the node that is missing.
- en02 with status "Degraded" because it can't find its HA buddy.
- en03 with status "Up" is alive and happy but not doing much.
The second step is to tell the management plane that we want to replace the missing edge transport node with the one we just deployed.
This is done under Edge Clusters in the NSX Manager UI (or via the API).
After clicking the small gear icon we select Replace Edge Cluster Member. This starts the process of re-mapping logical network configuration from one edge transport node to another.
In our scenario we want to re-map from en01 to en03.
If the edge transport node would still be operational, we would put it in maintenance mode here to minimize data plane disruptions. In our failure scenario the node is already gone so maintenance mode is not relevant.
After clicking Save the management plane comes into action and links configurations and other related logical network constructs to the new edge transport node.
Once the process is done we can delete the orphaned edge transport node and after a minute or so we're seeing two healthy edge transport nodes again.
A look at the Tier 0's logical router ports shows us what happened.
Two of the logical router ports previously mapped to en01 have been relocated to en03.
BGP connections are established again.
Replacement successful! The fabric's state is restored to normal operations.
Today we looked at two failure scenarios concerning the NSX Edge:
- Failure of a top-of-rack switch
- limited impact on the data plane
- Failure of an NSX edge node
- deploy new edge node
- run edge transport node replace process
- remove orphaned edge transport node from fabric
Not too bad. This is a small environment, but the recovery procedures will be largely the same regardless of environment size.
Sure, more things can break. An ESXi host hosting an edge node, a physical NIC, cables, and so on. The bottom line is that unless we're dealing with a complete meltdown, a properly designed NSX Edge will minimize the impact of component failure and make recovery a piece of cake.


text:
Technology never ceases to amaze, and when it is used to aid people, it's even better. Well, some scientists recently published in the Journal of Breath Research that they've managed find a way to detect human survivors who are caught underneath rubble after a disaster using a sensor. The sensor works by analyzing the contents of the air that leaks from the rubble.
Because the air that we breathe out contains carbon dioxide, ammonia, acetone and isoprene, the detectors need to just detect those gasses in an area know that there's someone buried underneath. With this sensor, the scientists hope to develop an "electronic sniffer dog" that could be used to search disaster sites for any survivors.
But don't expect them to replace your regular rescue dogs – these robot sniffers will be complementing them instead of taking over. Dogs do their jobs well, but they can't work long hours and they risk the chance of getting injured while moving through the site, robots can do what they can't but on the other hand, robots don't have such problems but they do have problems with maneuverability, so this allows them to work hand in hand.Follow:Robotsrobotsmellsnifftechnology


text:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the anticancer drug eribulin when added to standard chemotherapy given after surgery in women with early-stage breast cancer. Eribulin is a new chemotherapy drug approved for the treatment of advanced breast cancer that persists despite prior treatment, but its use for early-stage disease is considered investigational.
Eribulin, which is derived from a sea sponge, works by inhibiting microtubules (which provide scaffolding in cancer cells), leading to cell death. It is administered intravenously (by vein). In this study, eribulin will be given after one standard treatment for breast cancer with the drugs doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide.


text:
Aztec grass (Liriope muscari "Aztec Grass") is a perennial plant with a grass-like appearance. The foliage is silver-grey and grows 15 inches tall in clumps. Plant Aztec grass in a spot that gets full sun, at least six hours a day in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zone 8; in zones 9 and 10, pick a spot that gets four to six hours of sun per day. Keep this attractive groundcover looking neat and tidy by trimming periodically.
Late Winter Trim
Keep Aztec grass looking healthy and full with an annual cutting in mid to late winter, before the new spring shoots emerge. In large areas, simply mow the plants down to the ground using a mower. In smaller areas, a pair of sharp clippers work well. Cut the stalks down to the soil line. Compost the clippings or spread them around the base of the plant as a mulch layer.
Tidy Plants Throughout the Year
Keep the plants looking tidy throughout the year by removing any dead or brown foliage. Use a pair of clippers to cut the individual stalks down at the base. Alternately, remove the individual stalks by pinching them at the base using your fingernails.
Keep Aztec grass healthy and avoid mid-growing season browning by following a regular watering routine. Water once a week throughout the growing season, soaking the soil at the base of each plant. In hot, dry weather, increase the water application as needed. Press your finger 1 inch deep in the soil to test it for moisture. When it feels dry an inch down, add water to the soil.
Dividing Aztec Grass
Aztec grass is a perennial that spreads from underground roots. As the plants expand they can get over crowded, causing the plants to grow poorly. Divide Aztec grass every two to three years to keep the plants healthy and avoid over crowding. In early spring, dig out the clump and divide. Replant half the plant at the same location and plant the other half in a new location, or pot up and give away.


How do I reserve a LAN IP address on my Nighthawk router?
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NETGEAR
When you specify a reserved IP address for a computer on the LAN, that computer always receives the same IP address each time it accesses the router's DHCP server. Assign reserved IP addresses to computers or servers that require permanent IP settings.
To reserve an IP address:
 1. Launch a web browser from a computer or mobile device that is connected to your router's network.
 2. Enter _URL_.
 A login window displays.
 3. Enter the router user name and password.
 The user name is admin and the default password is password. The user name and password are case-sensitive.
 The BASIC Home page displays.
 4. Select ADVANCED > Setup > LAN Setup.
 5. In the Address Reservation section of the page, click the Add button.
 6. In the IP Address field, enter the IP address to assign to the computer or server.
 7. Choose an IP address from the router's LAN subnet, such as 192.168.1.x.
 8. Enter the MAC address of the computer or server.
 Note: If the computer is already on your network, you can copy its MAC address from the Attached Devices page and paste it into the field.
 9. Click the Apply button.
 The reserved address is entered into the table.
The reserved address is not assigned until the next time the computer contacts the router's DHCP server. Reboot the computer, or access its IP configuration and force a DHCP release and renew.

 發表日期: 10/10/2019 11:11:37 AM | 最後更新日期: 12/19/2022 11:21:25 PM

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text:
General aviation (GA) represents all civil aviation "aircraft operation other than a commercial air transport or an aerial work operation".
The International Civil Aviation Organization defines civil...
In 2003 the European Aviation Safety Agency was established...
Most countries have authorities that oversee all civil...
Aviation is the activities surrounding mechanical flight and the aircraft industry. Aircraft includes fixed-wing and rotary-wing types, morphable wings, wing-less lifting bodies, as well as lighter-than-air craft such as hot air balloons and airships. Aviation began in the 18th century with the development of the hot air balloon, an apparatus capable of atmospheric displacement through buoyancy. Some of the most significant advancements in aviation technology came with the controlled gliding fly
Dec 26, 2020 · General aviation (GA) represents all civil aviation "aircraft operation other than a commercial air transport or an aerial work operation".
- Evolution of the activity
- GA Safety in Europe
General aviation has been defined as a civil aircraft operation other than a commercial air transport flight operating to a schedule. Although the International Civil Aviation Organization excludes any form of remunerated aviation from its definition, some commercial operations are often included within the scope of General Aviation. General aviation refers to all flights other than military and scheduled airline flights, both private and commercial. In 2003 the European Aviation Safety Agency w
General aviation flights range from gliders and powered parachutes to large, non-scheduled cargo jet flights. The sector operates business jets, rotorcraft, piston and jet-engined fixed-wing aircraft, gliders of all descriptions, and lighter than air craft. Other commercial GA activities are aerial work, such as surveying and air ambulances, and flight training. Business aviation is a commercial activity that is considered part of the GA sector. The International Civil Aviation Organization defi
The objective of regulation is to "promote high standards of safety in all aspects of aviation". Efforts focus on assuring appropriate standards of airworthiness, pilot licensing, the rules for the movement of aircraft and equipment to be carried. In 2003 the European Aviation Safety Agency was established as the central EU regulator, taking over responsibility for legislating airworthiness and environmental regulation from the national authorities. Proposed developments seek to establish EASA a
The single most common class of aircraft is the fixed-wing light aircraft associated with traditional GA, but the main area of growth over the last 20 years has been in the use of more affordable aircraft, such as microlights, amateur built aeroplanes, and smaller helicopters. The most important recent developments for small aircraft been the introduction of advanced avionics that were formerly found only in large airliners, and the introduction of composite materials to make small aircraft ligh
About three accidents per day are reported in Europe. As the reporting of every GA accidents and incidents is not mandatory everywhere, these figures may be higher. However, most major accidents are likely to be reflected due to involvement of outside authorities. The EASA and the NAAs supports and encourages the collection of light aircraft accident data in order to provide more in-depth statistics and analysis. In the UK, there were 27 fatal accidents involving GA aircraft in 2007, resulting i
1. The operation of civilian aircraft for purposes other than commercial passenger transport, including personal, business, and instructional flying. 2. The aircraft flown for these purposes.
General aviation (GA) is one of the two categories of civil aviation. It refers to all flights other than military and scheduled airline and regular cargo flights, both private and commercial . General aviation flights range from gliders and powered parachutes to large, non-scheduled cargo jet flights.
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations.It changes the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth.
n pl , attorneys general, attorney generals. 1 a country's chief law officer and senior legal adviser to its government. 2 (in the U.S.) the chief law officer and legal adviser of a state government. 3 (in some states of the U.S.) a public prosecutor.
It is reserved for those who have contributed greatly to the development of aeronautics by their activities, work, achievements, initiative or devotion to the cause of Aviation. The FAI has also awarded the Paul Tissandier Diploma since 1952 to those who have served the cause of aviation in general and sporting aviation in particular.
One Six Right: The Romance of Flying is an independent documentary film about the general aviation industry as seen through a local airport. Within a short period of time, it has achieved a passionate following and presence among pilots and aviation enthusiasts worldwide who see the film as being able to communicate their passion for aviation.


text:
Returns a sequence of
xs:anyURI values representing the URIs in a URI
The zero-argument form of the function returns the URIs in the default URI collection described in.
If the value of
$arg is a relative
xs:anyURI, it is resolved
against the value of the base-URI property from the static context.
$arg is the empty sequence, the function behaves as if it had been
called without an argument. See above.
The single-argument form of the function returns the sequence of URIs corresponding to the supplied URI in the available URI collections described in.
By default, this function is deterministic. This means that repeated calls on the function with the same argument will return the same result. However, for performance reasons, implementations may provide a user option to evaluate the function without a guarantee of determinism. The manner in which any such option is provided is implementation-defined. If the user has not selected such an option, a call to this function must either return a deterministic result or must raise a dynamic error.
There is no requirement that the URIs returned by this function should all be distinct, and no assumptions can be made about the order of URIs in the sequence, unless the implementation defines otherwise.
A dynamic error is raised if no URI is supplied (that is, if the function is called with no arguments, or with a single argument that evaluates to an empty sequence), and the value of the default resource collection is absent.
A dynamic error is raised if a relative URI reference is supplied, and the base-URI property in the static context is absent.
A dynamic error is raised if available resource collections provides no mapping for the absolutized URI.
A dynamic error
may be raised if
$arg is not
In some implementations, there might be a close relationship between collections (as retrieved
fn:collection function), and URI collections (as retrieved by this function).
For example, a collection might return XML documents, and the corresponding URI collection might return
the URIs of those documents. However, this specification does not impose such a close relationship. For example, there
may be collection URIs accepted by one of the two functions and not by the other; a collection might contain
items that do not have any URI; or a URI collection might contain URIs that cannot be dereferenced to return any
Thus, some implementations might ensure that calling
fn:uri-collection and then
fn:doc to each of the returned URIs delivers the same result as
fn:collection with the same argument; however, this is not
In the case where
fn:uri-collection returns the URIs of resources that
could also be retrieved directly using
fn:collection, there are several reasons why it
might be appropriate to use this function in preference
fn:collection function. For example:
fn:unparsed-textfunction rather than the
fn:docfunction. In XSLT 3.0 it allows the documents in a collection to be processed in streaming mode using the
xsl:streaminstruction. It allows recovery from failures to read, parse, or validate individual documents, by calling the
fn:doc(or other dereferencing) function within the scope of try/catch. It allows selection of which documents to read based on their URI, for example they can be filtered to select those whose URIs end in
.xml, or those that use the
httpsscheme. An application might choose to limit the number of URIs processed in a single run, for example it might process only the first 50 URIs in the collection; or it might present the URIs to the user and allow the user to select which of them need to be further processed. It allows the URIs to be modified before they are dereferenced, for example by adding or removing query parameters, or by redirecting the request to a local cache or to a mirror site.
For some of these use cases, this assumes that the cost of calling
fn:collection might be significant (for example, it might involving
retrieving all the documents in the collection over the network and parsing them). This
will not necessarily be true of all implementations.


text:
Paraclete occurs in the Gospel of John as a name, or an epithet of the Holy Spirit, and in 1 John as a title of Jesus Christ. Paraklētos is a verbal adjective of parakaleō. In common Greek usage it means 'called to one's aid', 'summoned', and as a substantive 'legal assistant, advocate', or, in a more general sense, 'intercessor'. The reference is nearly almost to human persons, not to divine beings.
In John 14–16 the name Paraclete occurs four times (John 14.16–17, John 26; John 15.2…


Curious about how others would solve this question: What is the number of people aged between 0-20 in Dubai.
Market sizing
New answer on Jan 27, 2020
3 Answers
Anonymous A asked on Jan 27, 2020
Overview of answers
 - Upvotes
 - Date ascending
 - Date descending
Content Creator
replied on Jan 27, 2020
There are multiple sources:
 - Population - you simply divide the population by the average life expectancy and then multiply by 20
 - Tourists - you assume that every 5th person you see in Dubai is a tourist and out of them x% are 0-20
Was this answer helpful?
Anonymous A on Jan 30, 2020
Thank you, Vlad! In the case of the UAE where the population is significantly young, assuming an equal age distribution won't work. How would you change your approach?
Udayan on Feb 13, 2020
That is relevant information - just adjust with what you think is most reasonable. For example distribute population 0-20 as being 30% of the population vs 25% if you take a life expectancy of 80
updated an answer on Jan 27, 2020
The structure mentioned in the previous answer is a good approach for most of the cities/countries. However, for hot tourist destinations like Dubai, one needs to consider the number of tourists that visit that particular city/country in a year.
On average, Dubai gets 12 million tourists (nearly four times the population of Dubai). If you use the similar approach and add that number to the one mentioned in the other answer, you arrive at the approximate number. Feel free to change assumptions regarding age distribution and life expectancy of tourists (Wouldn't change by more than 10-15% anyway).
Was this answer helpful?
Anonymous B replied on Jan 27, 2020
For this, I would lay the structure and assumption down as follows
# of people aged between 0-20 = (Total Population of Dubai / Avg. life span of the local population or the world) * # of years (0-20)
Key assumption, people distribution of ages are even across the board. Stating, that there are the same number of people at every 1 year.
# of people aged between 0-20 = ( (assumed) 3.5M / (assumed) 75 ) * 20
= 0.93M
Note, for this market sizing you should be aware of what the population of Dubai is, or approximate of it. Also 75-80 years is the average lifespan globally, this can vary by region.
Was this answer helpful?


colIQRs: Calculates the interquartile range for each row (column) of a...
Description Usage Arguments Details Value Author(s) See Also Examples
Description
Calculates the interquartile range for each row (column) of a matrix-like object.
Usage
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## S4 method for signature 'DelayedMatrix'
colIQRs(
 x,
 rows = NULL,
 cols = NULL,
 na.rm = FALSE,
 force_block_processing = FALSE,
 ...
)
## S4 method for signature 'DelayedMatrix'
rowIQRs(
 x,
 rows = NULL,
 cols = NULL,
 na.rm = FALSE,
 force_block_processing = FALSE,
 ...
)
Arguments
x
A NxK DelayedMatrix.
rows
A vector indicating the subset of rows (and/or columns) to operate over. If NULL, no subsetting is done.
cols
A vector indicating the subset of rows (and/or columns) to operate over. If NULL, no subsetting is done.
na.rm
If TRUE, NAs are excluded first, otherwise not.
force_block_processing
FALSE (the default) means that a seed-aware, optimised method is used (if available). This can be overridden to use the general block-processing strategy by setting this to TRUE (typically not advised). The block-processing strategy loads one or more (depending on \link[DelayedArray]{getAutoBlockSize}()) columns (colFoo()) or rows (rowFoo()) into memory as an ordinary base::array.
...
Additional arguments passed to specific methods.
Details
The S4 methods for x of type matrix, array, or numeric call matrixStats::rowIQRs / matrixStats::colIQRs.
Value
Returns a numeric vector of length N (K).
Author(s)
Peter Hickey
See Also
Examples
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# A DelayedMatrix with a 'matrix' seed
dm_matrix <- DelayedArray(matrix(c(rep(1L, 5),
 as.integer((0:4) ^ 2),
 seq(-5L, -1L, 1L)),
 ncol = 3))
# A DelayedMatrix with a 'Matrix' seed
dm_Matrix <- DelayedArray(Matrix::Matrix(c(rep(1L, 5),
 as.integer((0:4) ^ 2),
 seq(-5L, -1L, 1L)),
 ncol = 3))
colIQRs(dm_matrix)
# Only using rows 2-4
rowIQRs(dm_matrix, rows = 2:4)
DelayedMatrixStats documentation built on Feb. 5, 2021, 2:04 a.m.


text:
The Most Inclusive Party Ideas Resource Site On The Web!
Water Limbo Perfect Party Ideas
Ages: 4 and older
Objective: Players attempt to do a water limbo under a stream of water
Players: 4 or more
Materials: garden hose attached to a water faucet, spray nozzle, broom handle, masking tape, towels
Rules: Hook up the garden hose to the spray nozzle and set it either to full or jet. Turn water tap on and adjust water pressure so that a comfortable stream forms that goes about 6 feet in distance. Take the broom handle and mark with tape every 6 inches or 1 foot. This will be your limbo marker. When all is set, hold the broom handle up vertically and hold the nozzle at the highest mark on your broom and start spraying the water. Use the locking lever on the nozzle to make it easier on your hand. Players then one at a time will attempt to go under to water stream walking forward but bending backwards if necesary in order not to hit the water. If every player made it through the first height successfully lower the stream to the next mark. If a player gets hit by the water, they will be given one more chance. If they get hit by the water again, they are out. Continue playing and lowering the stream each time until only one player remains. That player is the winner. Have that player attempt to go as low as they can. This ways everyone gets wet!


text:
In a region saturated with spectacular aquamarine waters and bright coral reefs, the colorful Schaus swallowtail butterfly once was a familiar sight as it flitted over Biscayne National Park in South Florida.
But the insect's numbers have declined over the past decade. With only five recent sightings, three confirmed, at the island park, federal wildlife officials are trying to save the species from extinction.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service late last week issued an emergency authorization to collect up to four Schaus swallowtail females within the park and collect and raise their eggs.
"This is a very low number of individuals compared to what should be in the field," said Jaret Daniels, an entomology researcher with the University of Florida.
Biologists and state and federal officials, in a conference call Wednesday, said there was no one factor responsible for the butterfly's decline.
Habitat destruction, drought, hurricanes, illegal collection and pesticide use outside Biscayne National Park are likely contributing, they said.
Also, the Schaus swallowtail's breeding habits aren't helping.
"It has one generation a year, which is unusual for a subtropical butterfly," said Daniels.
The Schaus swallowtail, contained to a relatively small area in southeast Florida, in 1976 was listed under the Endangered Species Act as threatened. It reached the endangered status eight years later.
During the 2011 survey, there were 41 sightings, mostly on Elliott Key, the park's largest island. Six of the 41 were found on north Key Largo.


text: Explore Space through lectures at the National Air and Space Museum. On March 28, 7:30 p.m., explore how the Sea of Tranquility was chosen for the moon landing. On April 24, 7:30 p.m., dive into the ever-growing knowledge of the Moon. On May 22, 7:30 p.m., explore how Apollo program research informs the understanding of the Moon today. On June 19, learn what's next for human exploration of the Moon. Get free tickets at airandspace.si.edu/events/future-lunar-exploration.


text:
Errors in Android Clocks
At OpenSignal, each datapoint we collect has two timestamps: the time the reading was taken and the time the reading was inserted into our server. Because we make extensive use of SQLite cacheing on devices, these times can be far apart - sometimes up to the order of weeks. The app reading time, however, should always be before the server insert time, otherwise you have an apparent violation of causality. When we noticed this happening occasionally, we took a closer look and found widespread difficulties getting accurate time readings.
We uncovered various causes of these Android time discrepancies: a bug in Android's setting of time via GPS which produces a 15s error; disagreements of one hour caused by Time Zone edge cases and perhaps also by a system bug in the application of timezones; and deliberate manual adjustments to the system clock time in order to fool games.
We'll focus on the time difference between the timestamps of speedtests taken in-app, and the timestamps for when they arrive at the server database.
If all phone clocks and our server clock were synchronised this would always be negative and usually quite small, since the app will attempt to upload a speedtest immediately after it has run. If the upload fails, it will wait until the next speedtest is run.
Looking at the last million speedtests run, this is the distribution found when restricting the dataset to just one minute either side of zero (density = frequency density).
Drawing out the salient features, we see some behaviour that is to be expected and some that is rather curious:
Some noise to the right is expected: while GPS is occasionally used to synchronize the clocks, the time is generally maintained on the device by its internal clock which can drift.
Stepping back to look 100 minutes either side of the origin reveals another anomaly: peaks at +/- one hour:This could be caused by the following:
The time displayed to the user will seem correct, if they go to France from the UK, they'll set the time one hour in advance. The system time, however, will be wrong - as the device still thinks it's in the UK timezone. In this case we'd expect the peaks at plus and minus one hour to be roughly the same height. But the right peak is about 20% higher than the left peak. This difference may be because users are deliberately mis-setting times.
It may not be only moving between countries or states that causes timezone problems, but daylight saving adjustments going awry on the device, as the following chart suggests:
This shows the weekly total number of devices submitting data found to be more than one hour in the future (actually we look at 59 minutes to catch minor fluctuations of a clock set one hour ahead). To give some idea of statistical significance, speedtests are currently run on about 100k distinct devices each week, though this figure was lower in the past.
Note the peak in November 2011, when the clocks go back. Consider clocks in Arizona, which does not obey DST unlike surrounding states, if for some reason the system thinks it does observe DST the clock will be set back one hour, Android users will react by setting it forward one hour - thus the system clock will be one hour in the future. There are many reports to be found of this in forums. In particular this may happen where users live in a border area, between a timezone that uses DST and one not using DST, if "use network time" is enabled in the app settings they may be erroneously placed in the wrong timezone, for half of the year this will provide correct times, but when DST comes into play users will find their phone an hour out and will manually adjust the displayed time, instead of chossing the correct timezone.
The fact that this peak occured just one year suggests the cause may have been exacerbated by an Android bug that was later fixed.
Coin Dozer is styled as an old-style fair/arcade game in which coins are pushed onto a table where they can bump other coins off into a collection tray. The user starts with a finite number of coins, more coins can be won to continue playing, additionally every 30s a coin is generated. If all coins run out by falling off the wrong side, the user must wait for a coin to be generated. This is a cunning technique to encourage users to keep the app open, which will increase ad revenue for the creators.
A cheat was discovered on Android and iOS that involves manually advancing the system clock to fool Coin Dozer and gain coins more rapidly. Since the system time on both iOS and Android is altered by scrolling through numbers, the quickest adjustment is to alter the clock by one hour, one day, or one minute. The cheats generally recommend an hour or a day in order to generate a full complement of coins.
On Android this cheat now requires rooting the phone. Coin Dozer are probably now using elapsedRealtime(), which returns the number of milliseconds the device has been on, and does not change when the clock is altered. However there are probably other apps that are still relying on currentTimeMillis, the field we've been measuring, which is susceptible to alteration.
What this cheat (and others like it) gives us is a possible explanation for why the peak on the right had side is higher than the left. It shows that that there is an incentive for people to deliberately mis-set their clocks an hour forward, which could go some way towards explaining the aysmmetry of the two peaks.
Examining the last million speedtests, 1.9% of devices are one hour or more in the future. As noted above, we can't be sure from this dataset how many devices have their clock set one hour in the past - since a negative value for difference could be because the reading is cached - however since the peak at plus one hour as about 20% higher than the peak at minus one hour we'll say the total is: 1.9 + 1.9*(1/1.2) = 3.5%
Looking at the number of devices having times set more than one day in the future, we find the numbers much smaller but have recently been growing:
For any app collecting data and cacheing it, incorrect clocks are a problem. For crowdsourcing apps like ours, it's a source of noise in timestamped data. For example it can cause problems when doing things like measuring cell breathing, whereby cell towers lose coverage at particular times of day as network traffic in that area increases.
Pretty much any app whose functionality in some way depends on how you are moving will use an offline timesource, so this includes apps like Waze or Nike+. Even if these apps include a large real-time element, like Waze, they will likely also collect absolute time. For example, Waze might want to use data that was cached on a device (since the device was in a tunnel or for some other reason could not immediately upload data) to calculate peak traffic hours.
Ensuring time accuracy requires the app to receive time notifications from a server (a special protocol, NTP, has been designed for this), when an update is received cache the value (call it T0), also cache the value returned by elapsedRealtime() (call it E0), to get the time at some later point when elapsedRealtime() = E1, use:
T1= E1 - E0 + T0
This solution is not ideal. It's cumbersome and, since elapsedRealtime() resets on boot, it requires the app to contact a server on every boot which will not be possible in many situations.
Unfortunately there are no silver bullets for this problem,
At OpenSignal we're building the world's most comprehensive coverage maps. It's hard to compare the maps provided by different carriers - they use different methods and every network operator wants to look good. That's why all of our data is crowdsourced from our community of app users. Join our 3.5 million contributors by downloading our app on Android or iOS, plus it'll help you find WiFi and get better voice signal.
If you're into Android you might also be interested in the story of how the Android Open Source Project helped get temperature & humidity sensors into the Galaxy S4
Sign up for our newsetter or to download a PDF version of this report.


text:
Boreal Laser GasFinder2 UAV
Silver Spring Energy Consulting Ltd. employs a state-of-the-art methane detection system mounted to our versatile multirotor UAV platform. This system provides real-time mapping of methane in the atmosphere as the UAV flys along a predetermined flight path.
The Laser Methane Mini is capable of measuring extremely small variations in atmospheric methane concentrations along the path of the downward facing laser. This means that we can detect increased methane presence even from slow, small or deeply buried and diffused natural gas leaks and tag them with precise GPS coordinates for follow-up.
Minimum detection threshold:
- 1.0 ppm.m (parts per million per meter)
- +/- 10%
- 30m above ground level.
- +/- 1.5m
Because our UAV systems run on batteries, cold weather has a major impact on our flight capabilities. All of our systems are verified to operate properly down to -10 degrees C in up to 40km/h winds.
To ensure safe and compliant operations we reduce our flight endurance estimates in cold weather.
-10 – 0 degrees C:
15 linear km/day or up to 1km2 (250 acres) with 400m grid spacing /day.
Above 0 degrees C:
20 linear km/day or up to 2km2 (500 acres) with 400m grid spacing /day.


text: Thermal stress can induce birefringence in a laser medium, which can cause depolarization of the laser. The depolarization effect will be very severe in a high-average-power laser. Because the depolarization will make the frequency doubling efficiency decline, it should be compensated. In this paper, the thermal characteristics of two kinds of materials are analyzed in respect of temperature, thermal deformation and thermal stress. The depolarization result from thermal stress was simulated. Depolarization on non-uniform pumping was also simulated, and the compensation method is discussed.


text:
Parameter Estimation Based Real-Time Metrology for Exposure Controlled Projection Lithography
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Exposure Controlled Projection Lithography (ECPL) is a layerless mask-projection stereolithography process, in which parts are fabricated from photopolymers on a stationary transparent substrate. To enable advanced closed-loop control for ECPL, an in-situ interferometric curing monitoring (ICM) system has been developed to infer the output of cured height. However, the existing ICM method based on an implicit model and rough phase counting is not fast and accurate enough. This paper reports on a new ICM method to address the modeling and algorithms issues confronted by the current ICM method. The new ICM model includes two sub-models: a sensor model of instantaneous frequency based on interference optics and a calibration model. To solve the models, a moving horizon exponentially weighted online parameter estimation algorithm and numerical integration are adopted. As a preliminary validation, offline analysis of interferograms acquired in an ECPL curing experiment is presented. The agreement between ICM estimated cured height and ex-situ microscope measurement indicates that the overall scheme of the new ICM measurement method with a well-established model, evolutionary estimation and incremental accumulation, is promising as a real-time metrology system for ECPL. The new ICM method is also shown to be able to measure multiple voxel heights consistently and simultaneously, which is desired in global measurement and control of ECPL.


Can emotional stress cause elevated liver enzymes?
Can emotional stress cause elevated liver enzymes?
The psychiatric influence of stress is garnering more attention in medical practice. Clinical cases with elevated liver enzymes without any known causes are often observed. Obviously, stress response could be a possible reason, which has been overlooked so far.
Regarding this, What are the symptoms of elevated liver enzymes? What are the symptoms of elevated liver enzymes?
 - Abdominal (stomach) pain.
 - Dark urine (pee).
 - Fatigue (feeling tired).
 - Itching.
 - Jaundice (yellowing of your skin or eyes).
 - Light-colored stools (poop).
 - Loss of appetite.
 - Nausea and vomiting.
Does adrenal fatigue affect the liver? Adrenal insufficiency is the rarest endocrine disorder complicating the liver. In the previously reported cases of adrenal insufficiency, mild liver enzymes elevation was seen but we report a case with severe elevated liver enzymes and liver failure due to adrenal insufficiency.
Accordingly, Can dehydration cause elevated liver enzymes?
Low levels are likely caused by severe liver damage and high levels are typically due to dehydration or excessively high protein intake. Both high and low require medical attention.
What does a stressed liver feel like?
So, when the liver is stressed, it can disturb our emotional health. Emotions like anger, impatience, irritability and depression are common symptoms when the liver is in distress. Worse, it can affect your decision-making abilities and cause brain fog. It may even result in aggression and nasty outburst.
What is the most common reason for elevated liver enzymes? The most common cause of elevated liver enzymes is fatty liver disease. Research suggests that 25–51% of people with elevated liver enzymes have this condition. Other health conditions that typically cause elevated liver enzymes include: metabolic syndrome.
Can flu shot elevate liver enzymes? Two women presented with elevation of liver enzymes after receiving influenza virus vaccination. Both patients were diagnosed with AIH using the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group criteria.
What is adrenal tumor symptoms? Adrenal Gland Tumor: Symptoms and Signs
 - High blood pressure.
 - Low potassium level.
 - Heart palpitations.
 - Nervousness.
 - Feelings of anxiety or panic attacks.
 - Headache.
 - Heavy sweating/perspiration.
 - Diabetes.
What causes sudden elevated liver enzymes?
Elevated liver enzymes often indicate inflammation or damage to cells in the liver. Inflamed or injured liver cells leak higher than normal amounts of certain chemicals, including liver enzymes, into the bloodstream, elevating liver enzymes on blood tests.
What causes elevated cortisol? Causes of High Cortisol Levels
 - Pituitary tumor. Tumors of the pituitary gland, also known as Cushing's disease, cause 70-80% of Cushing's syndrome.
 - Adrenal tumor.
 - Ectopic tumor.
 - Ingesting steroids in excess.
 - Symptoms.
 - Signs.
 - Lessening use of corticosteroid medications.
 - Surgery.
What labs show if you are dehydrated? Advertisement
 - Blood tests. Blood samples may be used to check for a number of factors, such as the levels of your electrolytes — especially sodium and potassium — and how well your kidneys are working.
 - Urinalysis. Tests done on your urine can help show whether you're dehydrated and to what degree.
Which is worse high AST or ALT?
In addition, patients with Wilson's disease or cirrhosis due to viral hepatitis may have an AST that is greater than the ALT , though the ratio typically is not greater than two. When the AST is higher than ALT, a muscle source of these enzymes should be considered.
AST/ALT ratio
LOINC 16325-3, 1916-6
What are signs that your liver is struggling?
Symptoms
 - Skin and eyes that appear yellowish (jaundice)
 - Abdominal pain and swelling.
 - Swelling in the legs and ankles.
 - Itchy skin.
 - Dark urine color.
 - Pale stool color.
 - Chronic fatigue.
 - Nausea or vomiting.
What part of the body itches with liver problems? Itching associated with liver disease tends to be worse in the late evening and during the night. Some people may itch in one area, such as a limb, the soles of their feet, or the palms of their hands, while others experience an all-over itch.
What are the signs your liver is not functioning properly?
The liver is an organ that filters the blood and performs other important functions in the body. Signs that your liver is not functioning properly include fatigue, abdominal pain, jaundice and other symptoms and signs.
What autoimmune diseases cause elevated liver enzymes? This type of liver disease occurs when your immune system attacks your liver cells .
These diseases include:
 - Grave's disease.
 - thyroiditis.
 - ulcerative colitis.
 - type I diabetes.
 - rheumatoid arthritis.
 - scleroderma.
 - inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
 - systemic lupus erythematosus.
What foods to avoid if you have high liver enzymes?
6 types of foods to avoid if you have fatty liver disease
 - Alcohol. Alcohol can be a major cause of fatty liver disease as well as other liver diseases.
 - Added sugar. Stay away from sugary foods such as candy, cookies, sodas, and fruit juices.
 - Fried foods.
 - Added salt.
 - White bread, rice, and pasta.
 - Red meat.
Is elevated liver enzymes serious? In most cases, liver enzyme levels are only mildly and temporarily elevated. Most of the time, elevated liver enzymes don't signal a chronic, serious liver problem.
How do you fix elevated liver enzymes?
How is it treated? Treatment depends on what is causing your liver enzymes to be elevated. If your doctor thinks you have nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or the metabolic syndrome, you will need to watch your diet, stop drinking alcohol, lose weight, and control your cholesterol.
Can Covid damage the liver? Some patients hospitalized for COVID-19 have had increased levels of liver enzymes — such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Increased levels of liver enzymes can mean that a person's liver is at least temporarily damaged.
When should I worry about Alt?
When ALT levels are very high, it may be a sign of an acute liver problem. Mild or moderate elevation, especially if it persists on several tests over time, can be an indicator of a chronic disease. However, the degree of elevation alone is not a reliable predictor of the extent of injury to the liver.
Does COVID-19 cause liver problems? Abnormal liver function is often found in patients with COVID-19, and some studies [1] have shown that SARS-COV-2 is associated with liver dysfunction or damage. In China, there are 300 million patients with chronic liver disease, so clinicians should be alert to the possibility of liver injury in COVID-19 patients.
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Table of Contents :
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text:
Ministry of Culture, Monuments Protection and Sport of Georgia
Property names are listed in the language in which they have been submitted by the State Party.
Vani (7th -1st centuries BC) is an ancient temple city in the Colchis Lowlands located on the western bank of the Sulori River at its confluence with the Rioni River. It is located on a hill bordered by two ravines and overlooks the plains through which the Rioni River flows. There are beguiling views of the Sulori River Valley with its surrounding hills and the Meskhetian Mountain Range in the background. Ancient Colchians chose this strategic location as the political, economic and spiritual centre of their community. The name of this ancient city is still unknown but four distinct stages of uninterrupted occupation have been identified.
The site seems to have been dominated by a local aristocracy with a socially stratified, urbanized society. The Early Hellenistic Period of the mid 4th to the mid 3rd Century BC gave rise to a more marked Greek influence. Stone structures are utilized for the first time and many elements of Greek architecture are used. There is evidence of Greek customs being imitated in their burials and Greek innovations in gold fabrication techniques are observed. However, roof tiles, pottery and coins from Sinop as well as Cappadocian influences on signet rings and other glyptic items indicate an expansion of commercial activity with other areas and coincide with the decline of Attic imports in the Black Sea trade.
The antique city of Vani is again coming to light thanks to the work of archaeologists. Temples and sacrificial altars from the period before the Birth of Christ have yielded up beautiful examples of gold and silver jewellery and coins, all of which are now on display at the Georgian National Museum in Tbilisi.
Vani is best known for the extensive archaeological excavations that have taken place there during the past 100 years. Although only a third of the site has been studied, it has produced an astonishing number of artefacts: Colchis pottery, exquisite golden jewellery unique to Colchis, imported Greek luxury items, graceful bronze sculptures and a vast array of funerary pieces. Artefacts (mainly Colchis pottery) of the first stage, 8th to early 6th Century BC, are relatively few and badly damaged. A sacrificial area was found with clay animal offerings suggesting some importance of Vani over the adjoining areas, which yielded no similar findings. The second stage, early 6th to mid 4th Century BC, reveals many changes. An abundance of artefacts are found including imported Greek painted pottery and new types of pottery for the storage or transportation of cereals, oil and honey as well as the fermentation and storage of wine. Rich burial sites with large quantities of golden jewellery, silver and bronze adornments, pottery and luxury items befitting the status of the deceased indicate that the ruling elite were buried here while poorer graves were found only in the surrounding areas.
Satements of authenticity and/or integrityThe authenticity of property is preserved in architectural forms, materials, location and other necessary attributes.
Comparison with other similar properties
In the view of State Party, it is unreasonable to apply comparative regional analysis to this property.


The wings of butterflies gain lift because their scales point away from the leading edge of the wing, helping air flow smoothly over the wing.
References
"The scales all point away from the leading edge of the wing, to help the air flow smoothly over the wings when the insect is in flight. (It has been calculated that scales provide 15 per cent more 'lift' to the butterfly and also improve its gliding performance." (Foy and Oxford Scientific Films 1982:99)
Book
The grand design: Form and colour in animalsBLA Publishing Limited for J.M.Dent & Sons Ltd, Aldine House, LondonJanuary 1, 1970
Sally Foy
Living System/s