Coffee-Break Tutorial: Easy Typewriter Dialogue (DnD)
Coffee-Break Tutorial: Easy Typewriter Dialogue (DnD)
Today's coffee-break tutorial covers a great effect that is useful in a wide variety of situations. Making a dialogue object that has lines of text that appear a letter at a time, just like it was being written on a typewriter! How to make an effect like this is a recurrent question we see come up on the forums and other social platforms, and while there are a number of great assets out there that will permit you to do this. We thought we would show you how this can be done in the simplest form, so you can learn and have base to build your own text systems.
NOTE: This tutorial is for people that use DnD. If you prefer to use GML to make your games, we have a companion article for you here.
For this tutorial, you will need to create a new project in GameMaker Studio 2 as we'll be starting from scratch. In this project you should add a new font asset and give it a name (in this tutorial we'll be calling it simply fnt_dialog), and then add a new object asset and name it obj_dialog):
Project Setup Font And Object
We'll be adding all our actions into the dialog object and the idea is that we'll be creating an array of text, where each item in the array is a complete sentence or paragraph of text, and then we'll be taking that text and drawing only a section of it each step, advancing the section to show a new letter little by little to create the typewriter effect. So, let's get started...
Before we add any actions into our dialog object, we need to first define a function that we'll need to deal with wrapping text that is too long for the space we want to draw it in. Now, GameMaker Studio 2 has a GML function draw_text_ext that can be used to automatically wrap text when it overflows a given length, and in many cases that will be perfectly fine to use. However, since we will be drawing our text a letter at a time, this function causes an issue where words will start to appear on one line, then "jump" to the next as the GML function detects that they are now longer than the maximum width. You can see this happening in the following GIF:
Draw_text_ext Overflow Problem
To prevent this from happening, we are going to take our input string then run it through a function that will add in the required line breaks based on the position of spaces in the text. This will mean that the string will be pre-formatted to go to a new line before it's even drawn.
You should make a new Script asset for this and while you can name it anything you wish, for the sake of this tutorial, we'll call it the same as the function it's going to contain: string_wrap. In the script you'll see that there is already a Declare A New Function action present, so fill it out as shown in the image below, and add an Execute Code action to it:
string_wrap function declaration
The code we'll be using is shown below, and you should simply copy and paste it directly into the Execute Code action:
var _text_wrapped = "";
var _space = -1;
var _char_pos = 1;
while (string_length(_text) >= _char_pos)
 if (string_width(string_copy(_text, 1, _char_pos)) > _width)
 if (_space!= -1)
 _text_wrapped += string_copy(_text, 1, _space) + "\n";
 _text = string_copy(_text, _space + 1, string_length(_text) - (_space));
 _char_pos = 1;
 _space = -1;
 if (string_char_at(_text,_char_pos) == " ")
 _space = _char_pos;
 _char_pos += 1;
if (string_length(_text) > 0)
 _text_wrapped += _text;
return _text_wrapped;
All this script is doing is looping through the given string a letter at a time and checking to see if the length of the string after each letter is added to it overflows the permitted text width, while also storing the position of the last space found between words in a variable. If the text does overflow the given width, then the function adds a line break ("\n") into the text at the last space, then continues on, and it will do this for the entire length of the given text, adding as many line breaks as required.
With that done, we can turn our attention to the dialog object and actually start to code our typewriter effect. To start with we need to add a Create Event to set up some variables that our object will need. We'll need quite a few variables to control things, so we've broken it into blocks of variables to make it easier, so add a Create Event to the object now, and then add this first block:
Create Event block one
This first block defines an array which is what we'll use to contain each of our lines of dialogue. Here we're adding in two lines, but you can add more as you wish, just make sure that you increment the array position for each line. Now add the following:
Create Event block two
This next block initialises all the controller variables that will be required to draw our text using the typewriter effect. These variables are as follows:
 - text_current : this will be used to tell GameMaker what the current text array position to use for the text.
 - text_last : this will be used to tell GameMaker what the last array position is, in this case 1 as we have 2 positions - 0 and 1 - in our array. For an array with position 0, 1, 2, and 3, then this variable would be set to 3.
 - text_width : this is the maximum width that we want the text to be drawn before it wraps to a new line
 - text_x : the X position where we want to draw the text in the room
 - text_y : the Y position where we want to draw the text in the room
The final block of variables to add looks like this:
Create Event block three
These two variables will control the current last character of the text being drawn, and the timing of when each character is drawn. By changing the variable char_speedyou can change how fast or slow the text appears on the screen.
The last thing to do in our Create Event is to call the function we created earlier on the first line of text we'll be drawing so that it wraps correctly within the given width:
Create Event block four
Most typewriter effects permit you to skip the effect in some way, and so we'll be adding this into our own example. We want the skip effect to work in two different ways:
 - If the current line hasn't finished being drawn, then pressing skip will draw the whole line right to the end instantly
 - If the current line has finished being drawn, then pressing skip will go to the next line and start drawing that
We'll do this using the Space key on the keyboard, but you can use any input method you want as the actions we'll show will be the same. So, add a Keyboard Pressed - Space event to the dialog object now. First, we'll check the length of the whole string being drawn against the current position of what is actually being drawn, like this:
Keypress Space event block 1
All this does is set the current last character being drawn to the last character in the whole string, so the whole string will instantly be displayed. If the whole string is already being displayed, then we need to use the elseand add into that the following:
Keypress Space event block 2
Here we advance the variable that tells GameMaker which array position to get the text from, and then we check to see if we've advanced outside of the size of the array. If we have, then we restart the room, but that's just for this tutorial. Normally you'd then destroy the dialog object or have your game perform some action here. If there is still more text in the array, then we call our string_wrapfunction to add line breaks to the next line to be displayed and reset the current last character to the start of the string ready to display it letter-by-letter again.
The draw event is probably the simplest of all to set up and we'll start by setting how we want the text to be displayed by choosing a font, position and colour. Add a Draw Event now and give it these actions:
Draw Event block 1
With that done, it's time to actually draw our dialogue text! First, we need to check the current last character of the text being drawn, and if it's not the last character of the whole text, advance it by the speed that we set in the create event:
Draw Event block 2
To draw the text, we simply use the string_copy() function to copy the section of the total text from the beginning to the current last character and then draw that, like this (under the "If", not as part of it):
Draw Event block 3
You can add the dialog object to a room now and run the game and the results should be something like this:
The final effect in all its glory
With this, you now have a dialog object that you can use at any time in a game! How do you ask? Well, all you need to do is


text:
Le nouveau Cherche et trouve de Little Urban, aussi coloré, déjanté et diablement amusant que le premier (A la recherche de la Carotte bleue), en très très grand format pour le plaisir de tout-petits !!! (Et des plus grands, qui trouvera en premier ?)
The North Atlantic (NORA) region is a transnational area comprising the Faroe Islands, Greenland, Iceland, and the coastal counties of Norway. These territories are linked by shared characteristics and challenges, as well as by historical, institutional and cultural links. Improving accessibility to the region, ensuring sustainable development of its fisheries, enlarging and diversifying its economic base, and meeting the challenges of climate change are key issues. Strengthened regional co-operation can help these territories address them by exchanging know-how and best practices, pooling resources and reaching economies of scale, improving the efficiency of public sector provision, and increasing the "voice" of the region.
However, transnational co-operation in the NORA region faces some barriers, as it involves territories that compete in their main economic activities, are separated by large distances, and have strong institutional and economic links with other countries and regions. In order to get the most from transnational co-operation, this report recommends that the NORA territories: focus co-operation efforts on targeted themes and issues; draw up a regional development strategy; promote greater awareness of the benefits of co-operation; develop a "variable geometry" approach to regional co-operation; and enlarge and refine the role of the NORA institution as a facilitator of co-operation.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Tuesday, November 3, 2009
Convention Center, Exhibit Hall BC, Second Floor
Reliable haploid induction rates (HIR) are of utmost importance when employing inducer genotypes for maize doubled haploid (DH) line development using the in vivo haploid induction technique.This work investigates the influence of the genetic constitution of inducers and donors as well as of the environmental conditions on HIR. In a first experiment, we compared HIR of three temperate inducer genotypes in subtropical and tropical environments in Mexico using a temperate liguleless tester as female parent. Testcross progenies were grown in the greenhouse until four-leaf stage and monitored visually. Haploid plants showed the liguleless phenotype. In a second experiment, a total of 150 genetically diverse tropical donors (landraces, improved open-pollinated varieties [OPV], and elite single crosses) were employed as female parents. In this experiment haploid seeds were identified using an embryo color marker. HIR were calculated by dividing the number of haploid plants/seeds by the total number of plants/seeds. Mean HIR was 14.9% (7.9-17.8%) using the temperate liguleless donor, but was only 4.8% (0-19.7%) using the tropical donors. Inducers and donors both had a significant influence on HIR. However, no significant differences were found for HIR between the donor groups of landraces, OPV, and single crosses which indicates that all groups are equally suitable for in vivo haploid induction. Although HIR of the temperate inducers were sufficiently high for large-scale application in tropical environments, haploid seed identification remains an obstacle along with poor agronomic performance of inducers and, consequently, low seed multiplication rates, which currently prevent breeders from adoption of the DH technique in tropical maize breeding programs. Therefore, the development of inducer genotypes with good adaptation to tropical/subtropical conditions and high HIR as well as a novel haploid seed identification system are premises to promote application of the DH technique in tropical maize.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Beginning of Chapter << 19.25.010 >> 19.25.020
As used in this chapter:
(1) "Owner" means a person who owns the sounds fixed in a master phonograph record, master disc, master tape, master film, or other recording on which sound is or can be recorded and from which the transferred recorded sounds are directly or indirectly derived.
(2) "Fixed" means embodied in a recording or other tangible medium of expression, by or under the authority of the author, so that the matter embodied is sufficiently permanent or stable to permit it to be perceived, reproduced, or otherwise communicated for a period of more than transitory duration.
(3) "Live performance" means a recitation, rendering, or playing of a series of images; musical, spoken or other sounds; or combination of images and sounds.
(4) "Recording" means a tangible medium on which sounds, images, or both are recorded or otherwise stored, including an original phonograph record, disc, tape, audio or video cassette, wire, film, or other medium now existing or developed later on which sounds, images, or both are or can be recorded or otherwise stored or a copy or reproduction that duplicates in whole or in part the original.
(5) "Manufacturer" means the entity authorizing the duplication of the recording in question, but shall not include the manufacturer of the cartridge or casing itself.
Site Contents
Selected content listed in alphabetical order under each group


text:
Focus Areas of Statewide Significance
What are Beginning with Habitat Focus Areas?
Beginning with Habitat (BwH) Focus Areas are natural areas of statewide ecological significance that contain unusually rich concentrations of at-risk species and habitats. These areas, identified by biologists from the Maine Natural Areas Program (MNAP), Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife (MDIFW), Maine Department of Marine Resources (DMR), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), The Nature Conservancy (TNC), Maine Audubon, and Maine Coast Heritage Trust (MCHT), support rare plants, animals, and natural communities, high quality common natural communities; significant wildlife habitats; and their intersections with large blocks of undeveloped habitat. BwH Focus Area boundaries are drawn based on the species and natural communities that occur within them and the supporting landscape conditions that contribute to the long-term viability of the species, habitats, and community types.
One or more of the following must be present before an area is considered a Candidate Focus Area (in most cases, two or more are present):
- Globally rare plant or animal
- 3 or more healthy populations of a rare plant species
- Any healthy population of a rare animal species
- Rare natural community
- Excellent example of a common natural community
- Good example of a common natural community and one or more high value wildlife habitats
- Large undeveloped block and at least one of the following: a good example of a common natural community OR high value wildlife habitat OR two or more healthy populations of a rare plant species
To date, collaborative efforts by state, federal, and conservation organization biologists have resulted in the designation of 140 Focus Areas (link to map) of statewide ecological significance. For a list of Beginning with Habitat Focus Areas and to find fact sheets about each area, visit the Focus Area Description website.
Why Designate Focus Areas?
It is hoped that the mapping of a BwH Focus Area will help to build regional awareness, and draw attention to the exceptional natural landscape conditions that result in a convergence of multiple resource occurrences. The resulting appreciation of these truly special places can then provide momentum to municipalities, land trusts, and regional initiatives focused on strategic approaches to conservation.
Are Other Areas Insignificant?
Areas that rise to the level of statewide ecological significance may not occur within the jurisdiction of every land trust or within the boundaries of every town. Strategic conservation planning is important at all levels and can be pursued to identify areas of local or regional significance as well. Although the frame of reference of BwH efforts has been a comprehensive analysis of Maine's organized territories, the criteria used in designating focus areas can be easily adapted to the local or regional perspective. BwH maps such as Map 2 (High Value Plant and Animal Habitats) and Map 3 (Undeveloped Habitat Blocks) offer a good starting point to identify unique locations rich in significant habitat feature convergence that can then be designated as local focus areas that serve as a starting point for developing your town's or land trusts conservation blueprint.
Strategies for Local Action:
- Incorporate Focus Areas into long-term plans for conservation. Towns and land trusts can work together on comprehensive and open space plans and capitalize on opportunities where goals coincide
- Identify property owners whose lands host significant natural features and investigate conservation options ranging from voluntary actions to fee purchase
- Become familiar with the rare plants, animals, and habitats and learn better how to manage them for long-term preservation
- Educate landowners and the general public about significant natural areas and create support for local conservation initiatives
- Cooperate with neighboring landowners and jurisdictions
- Incorporate Focus Areas in grant applications
- Work with state agencies to garner support for projects

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Hey! I'm ELLA
I can make your learning app
a simple yet powerful
Adaptive Learning-as-a-Service API solution
Try my EdTech Superpower
My name stands for E.nhanced L.earning L.evel A.lgorithm.
I'm a single-call stateless RESTful webAPI that gives you level adjustment recommendations for each of your learners.
You can easily embed me in your mobile or desktop learning application or game to enhance your learners' experience.
Based on your learners' scores, I tell you when to make things easier or more challenging for an optimal learning.
You keep the full control on how you integrate my level adjustment recommendations based on your teaching method.
That's as simple as that!
How I boost the brain of your learning app
STEP 1: getting the learning scores
Every time your learner completes an exercise or takes a test, you pass me her performance result or score along with a few other simple parameters. No complex coding here: after a standard authentication, a single webAPI call makes the job very well in getting me what I need...
STEP 2: computing the recommendation
I process your learner's score in my learning trends detection algorithm and let you know as output whether you should either1) increase the challenge level, or 2) keep the challenge level as-is, or 3) decrease the challenge level for an optimal learning experience of your learner.
STEP 3: using the recommendation
Based on your learning solution design and teaching method, you can use my level adjustment recommendation response to trigger new types of exercises, new choices level in existing tests, new learning contents or lessons... You decide how to make the best of my recommendation for your learner!
An Adaptive Learning Service Powered By
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your learner's performance
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Thanks to the learning level adjustment recommendations, you can optimize and maximize the learning process for better long-term results of your learners.
your learner's experience
Every learner is different.
Your learners deserve a unique learning experience. Offer them a personalized experience that respects their pace and way of learning.
Does your webAPI service work for any type of learning app or content?
The learning trend detection model I use for my algorithm has been designed to be subject agnostic. So, you can use me for many different teaching purposes, even on a single learner. What really matters to me is being fed with your learners' scores from their exercises, tests, quizzes...
How reliable are your level adjustment recommendations?
While I will be able to output some level adjustment recommendations almost from the very first score I ingest thanks to an accelerated initialization function of my algorithm, the reliability of the recommendations for a given learner will improve till several dozen scores are processed.
How much does it cost to use your Adaptive Learning-as-a-service solution?
Because I know that every learning app producer has different needs, I try to remain flexible. From API call volume-based pricing to a bundle of calls tiered pricing to a license-based approach for high volume requirements, let's talk together to find what fee plan fits the best your solution stage.
How best can your level adjustment recommendations be used?
There are many ways you can use my recommendations in your learning solution. Most frequent cases include the adjustment of the number and type of possible answers in exercises or also the trigger of new content or tests. I actually give a lot more insights on this topic in my API Rulebook...
Contact ELLA
I'm sure you have plenty of other questions to ask me.
So, don't wait any longer...
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text:
Database has large amounts of unused space (SharePoint Foundation 2010)
Published: November 15, 2011
Rule Name: Database has large amounts of unused space.
Summary: The database has large amounts of unused space allocated on the disk. This database uses a large amount of space on the file system unless it is shrunk down to a small size. This event occurs if the unused space is more than 20% of the disk space and the unused space is greater than the auto-growth size plus 50 megabytes (MB).
Cause: Many activities can create unused space in the database. These activities include running the Windows PowerShell Move-SPSite command, and deleting documents, document libraries, lists, list items, and sites.
Resolution: Ignore this event, or shrink the database if you have to.
Normally you can safely ignore this event. You shrink a database only if it proves absolutely necessary — for example, when you have performed an operation that removes a very large quantity of data from a database, and the free space is not expected to be used again. You can shrink the database by using the DBCC ShrinkDatabase command or SQL Server Management Studio. For more information, see DBCC SHRINKDATABASE (Transact-SQL) (_URL_ and How to: Shrink a Database (SQL Server Management Studio) (_URL_
The white paper Database Maintenance for Microsoft SharePoint 2010 Products (_URL_ provides very important guidelines for shrinking a database. We strongly recommend that you read this white paper before you shrink a database.
November 15, 2011


text:
The process for enrolment into the school is as follows:
- Interview with parents / guardians
- Interview with prospective pupil
- Entrance test (in some cases)
Once the initial contact has been made and assuming that the school makes an offer of a place for the child, there will follow:
Formal acceptance of place:
- Completion of the request form.
- Payment of initial fees.
Once a placement has been formally offered and accepted, parents/guardians must provide the following documentation:
- 2 photocopies of the child's birth certificate (long version) or 'libro de familia'.
- 4 passport photographs of the child.
- Photocopies of parents' identity documents or passports.
- Medical certificate and vaccination certificate.
- Certificate of transfer from previous school (if applicable).
- Bank details for payments by standing order.


Production: How To Make a Time Lapse Video
It is possible to make a time lapse video using your camera. You will need some good editing software as well. This type of video is used to take a long time segment and then condense it into a short video sequence. You will see many examples of these in TV shows and movies. Weather reports tend to use this to show an entire day's video in about 20 seconds. There are 2 main ways you can create a time lapse video.
Step 1. Interval Recording
To create a time lapse video with your camera you need to go into the menu to find the Interval recording feature. This may be labeled as the Int Rec. You will need to set the length of the interval between the shots as well as the recording time for each of the intervals.
Step 2. The Long Event
If you are making a time lapse recording of something that occurs over a very long time then your interval should last at least a minute with a short recording time. A good example of this type of video is showing the life of a flower over the day or of clouds as they move through the sky.
Step 3. The Short Event
It is also possible to create a time lapse video that occurs over a short time but contains a lot of action. In this case, the time interval between recordings is short, about 15 to 30 seconds and the recording time is longer at about 2 to 3 seconds. It may take a few tries to get the correct interval length and recording time.
Step 4. Using Editing Software
It is also possible to create a time lapse video in the post editing phase. The first step is to capture your video just as you would any other video. So take a full recording over the desired time period. The maximum time length will depend on the size of your memory card or the length of the tape.
Step 5. Intervals in Editing
Use your video editing program to create the time intervals. Import the entire video into the software. Normally you will create a time line of the clips you use. You can easily separate your video into equal length clips and then select the ones to use. It is possible to change the speed of the clips as well as the duration. Normally 1 hour of video can be shortened to about 2 to 5 minutes, though the speed of this shortened segment will be increased to about 4,000% the normal speed.
Step 6. Space
In order to use editing software for time lapse you will need a large hard drive and plenty of memory. Videos will take up a lot of space and individuals that do a lot of video editing and creating will have their own hard drive just for videos. When you speed up the video it will need to render at the new speed which can take time depending on the amount of memory your computer has. Make sure you play everything back as you may need to readjust the speed and other settings.
Popular Cameras for High Quality Photos:


E∞ ring spectra, power operations and coactions
Andy Baker (University of Glasgow)
Monday 27th January, 2014 16:00-17:00 Maths 204
Abstract
E ring spectra provide one notion of
derived commutative rings. I will explain what
this means and then give a quick tour around some basic
ideas about power operations resulting from this sort of
structure.
In the case of ordinary mod p homology, the relevant
power operations are called Dyer-Lashof operations and
are intimately related to the homology of symmetric groups.
I'll explain how to do calculations with these using the
coaction of the dual Steenrod algebra.
If time permits I'll discuss some examples which involve
Thom spectra associated with Hopf invariant one maps.
Add to your calendar
Download event information as iCalendar file (only this event)


text:
State Sen. Randy Gardner (R., Bowling Green) sponsored Senate Bill 229, which lowers the mandatory student achievement component for rating teachers in school districts from 50 to 35.
COLUMBUS — Ohio's new formula for deciding whether teachers make the grade has yet to be fully tested, but the state Senate is looking at loosening what some say may be too burdensome a mandate on schools.
A vote could come as early as Wednesday.
This school year would be the first that all public schools would have to evaluate their teachers on an annual basis using a formula weighted 50 percent on student academic improvement on standardized tests.
Senate Bill 229, sponsored by Sen. Randy Gardner (R., Bowling Green), would reduce that mandatory component to 35 percent, leaving it to school districts to decide whether they would prefer a higher standard.
The bill would also give schools the option of going through the full evaluation process less often with higher-performing teachers while keeping the mandatory annual evaluations for teachers considered most in need of improvement.
Mr. Gardner, a former teacher, said he recently met with teachers in Bowling Green and found them supportive of meaningful evaluations of their performance.
"They make the good point that we need consistent and ongoing evaluations," he said. "But I think it's also important to acknowledge that some districts have had to hire additional principals and evaluators. Not only is the evaluation important, but what we do with the evaluation is important."
The Senate had previously backed the lower 35 percent student growth component during budget debate earlier this year, but ultimately went along with the House's 50 percent academic performance in the final bill. Even if Mr. Gardner's bill clears the Senate, it remains to be seen whether it will get past the House or Gov. John Kasich.
Mr. Kasich has frequently held up the work of Michelle Rhee, former Washington, D.C., public schools chancellor, when talking about education reform. She now leads the lobbying organization StudentsFirst, which opposes what it sees as a watering down of the evaluation process.
"It is absolutely reasonable that a third of a school leader's time is spent on evaluating his faculty," said Greg Harris, Ohio director of StudentsFirst. "They see this as administratively cumbersome, but this is the first time in Ohio history that teachers will be evaluated based on their impact on students. School leaders need to adjust to that reality."
He said StudentsFirst is less concerned about reducing the mandated student achievement component to 35 percent as it is about a reduction in the frequency of evaluations for some teachers.
As currently written, the bill would allow schools to evaluate teachers who've been rated as "accomplished" on their most recent evaluations to be fully evaluated once every three years instead of two. It would permit those who've been rated "skilled" to be evaluated every two years instead of annually. All others would continue to be evaluated each year.
Mr. Gardner said the Senate Education Committee is expected to amend the bill on Wednesday to still require some form of observation of and interaction with the higher-performing teachers each year without having to go through the full scoring process.
He said teachers generally welcome the idea of classroom, in-person observations as an alternative to too much weight being placed on the results of standardized academic achievement tests.
School districts that received federal Race to the Top funding, including Toledo Public Schools, have already been through a variation of this process. But this year would mark the first in which all public schools would have to participate using this specific formula.
"None of us has a problem with an evaluation system because we believe in a strong accountability system," said Melissa Cropper, president of the Ohio Federation of Teachers. "The problem is that, if we have to evaluate every teacher every year, there will not be enough time to do the evaluations in a real, authentic way. We'd be short-cutting the process and become compliance-driven instead of results-driven."
Contact Jim Provance at: _EMAIL_ or _PHONE_.
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text:
Volume 37 - Article 36 | Pages 1231–1244
Entry into first marriage in China
|Date received:||24 Feb 2017|
|Date published:||18 Oct 2017|
|Keywords:||China, cohabitation marriage, conception marriage, direct marriage, marriage, pathways to marriage|
Background: China has experienced substantial socioeconomic and institutional changes over the past few decades. The literature has documented a variety of demographic changes during this time, including the delay and decline of marriage and the recent prevalence of cohabitation. However, we have little knowledge about how the Chinese enter into marriage.
Objective: This study demonstrates the diversification of first marriage entry over time.
Methods: We applied event-history analysis to longitudinal data from the China Family Panel Studies (2010–2012 waves) and estimated the competing risks of the identified marriage entry types. The observation covered the period from 1960 to 2012.
Results: Our estimations from the competing models demonstrated four notable types of first marriage entry, including a general decline in the traditional 'direct marriage,' a rise and decline in 'conception marriage,' and two recently increasing innovative practices of 'cohabitation marriage' and 'cohabitation and conception marriage.' The 1980s marked a turning point when traditional family practices began to decay and innovative family practices began to emerge and spread.
Conclusions: The diversification of marriage entry in China since the 1980s occurred in tandem with the development of China's economic reform and 'opening-up' policies. This simultaneity exemplifies the notion that socioeconomic changes at the macro level interact with family behavior changes at the individual level.
Contribution: This study demonstrates an increasingly wide array of marriage entry types over time, reflecting the evolution of marriage behaviors from tradition to modernity in contemporary Chinese society.
Other articles by the same author/authors in Demographic Research
Most recent similar articles in Demographic Research


Re: Serialization and canonicalization
From: Hiroshi Maruyama
Date: Mon, 13 Nov 2000 09:25:31 +0900
To: _EMAIL_
Message-ID:
When encrypting a substructure of an XML document, we need to
preserve the data model so that it will be decrypted into exactly
the same substructure. XML Canonicalization (or C14N) is one
way to serialize an XML substructure without losing any information.
As long as the data model (or information set) is preserved, any
serialization method will do. C14N satisfies this property and
is implemented for XML Signature anyway, I think it is reasonable
to reuse the C14N standard.
By the way, I believe this discussion is exactly why I insist that
the processing model of XML Encryption should be defined using
the XML InfoSet (or equivalent data model). It may free us from
confusing questions such as character encoding, default
attribute values, external entities, data types, and so on.
Hiroshi Maruyama
Manager, Internet Technology, Tokyo Research Laboratory
From: _EMAIL_@w3.org on 2000/11/13 05:41
Please respond to _EMAIL_
Sent by: _EMAIL_
To: _EMAIL_
Subject: Serialization and canonicalization
There has been mention of serialization and canonicalization transforms
in the discussion so far. I don't understand the need for these.
Serialization would be needed if we were starting with a non-serial
representation of the data to be encrypted, such as a DOM tree or an
XPath node-set. Isn't it adequate to presume that we are beginning with
an XML document in serialized form? Serialization issues could then be
ruled out of scope for this effort.
Canonicalization is an issue for signature verification, where it is
desired that semantically-neutral changes to an XML signed document
could still allow the signature to verify. This motivated the desire
to specify canonicalization algorithms for the XML signature effort.
However the issue does not arise in the same way for XML encryption.
Canonicalizing data before encryption would not aid in decryption,
as far as I can see.
The one transform which seems relevant to an encryption effort is
compression. Compressing data before encryption is helpful for two
reasons. First, encrypted data is not compressible, so compressing before
encryption is our only opportunity to do so. Second, the compressed data
generally has less structure then plaintext data. This can theoretically
make the encryption harder to break (but this is a weak effect, and
there are countervailing factors).
Are there reasons for continuing to consider serialization and
canonicalization issues?
Hal Finney
PGP Security
Received on Sunday, 12 November 2000 19:26:29 UTC


Difference between revisions of "Map Pane"
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(Map Legends)
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===Map Legends===
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==Map Legends==

Legends allow you to easily identify the symbols and markings on the map. The contents of the legend are managed from the Legend Editor window. To display the Legend Editor window, click the [[Image:LegEdWin.png]] button.

Legends allow you to easily identify the symbols and markings on the map. The contents of the legend are managed from the Legend Editor window. To display the Legend Editor window, click the [[Image:LegEdWin.png]] button.

The Legend Editor window has three panes: the theme manager pane, the Legend Themes pane, and the Legend Layout pane.

The Legend Editor window has three panes: the theme manager pane, the Legend Themes pane, and the Legend Layout pane.

Revision as of 15:24, 17 August 2012
Map Layouts
When printing the map from IMSMA, you can customise its appearance by adding shapes, text, a legend, and scale and north indicators to the map. This customisation can be added by using the map layout toolbar.
To access the map layout toolbar, click the button from the IMSMA Navigation window toolbar.
Figure 88. Layout Toolbar
The buttons available on the map layout toolbar are described in Table 32.
Table 32. Map Layout Toolbar Buttons
Button Description
AppMapLayIcon.png Allows you to apply a saved map layout.
SaveMapLayIcon.png Allows you to save the map layout.
TogLayIcon.png Allows you to toggle between the map layout and the page layout.
SetSizeIcon.png Allows you to change the page layout.
PrinterIcon.png Prints the currently displayed map.
MovePageIcon.png Allows you to move the page within the map pane.
DispLargIcon.png Allows you to zoom into the page layout.
DispSmallIcon.png Allows you to zoom out from the page layout.
DispSelScaIcon.png Allows you to change the scale of the page layout.
How to apply a template
Map layout templates include any shapes, images, text, page setup options, scale bar, north indicator, and legend that you have added to the map view. You can apply a saved template to the map that you have displayed.
To apply a template to the current map display:
 1. Click the AppMapLayIcon.png button on the Map Layout toolbar.
 2. The Open window displays.
 3. From the Open window:
 1. Navigate to the location of the .mxt template file that you would like to apply to the map.
 2. Select the .mxt template file.
 3. Click the Open button.
 4. The selected template is applied to the map.
How to save the page layout as a template
A map layout template includes any shapes, text, page setup options, images, scale bar, north indicator, or legend that you have added to the page layout.
To save a template:
 1. Click the SaveMapLayIcon.png button on the Map Layout toolbar.
 2. The Save window displays.
 3. From the Save window:
 1. Navigate to the directory where you would like to save the template.
 2. Enter a name for the template in the File Name field.
 3. Click the Save button.
 Map Legends
 Legends allow you to easily identify the symbols and markings on the map. The contents of the legend are managed from the Legend Editor window. To display the Legend Editor window, click the LegEdWin.png button.
 The Legend Editor window has three panes: the theme manager pane, the Legend Themes pane, and the Legend Layout pane.
 Figure 95. Legend Editor Panes
 The theme manager pane is located on the left side of the Legend Editor window. It contains the IMSMA themes and map themes that can be displayed on the map and functions identically as the Theme Manager window.
 The legend themes pane is located on the right side of the Legend Editor window and displays the themes that you would like to include in the legend, the title of the legend, and buttons for adding or removing themes from the legend.
 The legend layout pane is located at the bottom of the Legend Editor window. This pane allows you to preview the contents of the legend before they are applied to the page layout.
 How to add a legend to the page layout
 To add a legend to the page layout:
 1. From the page layout toolbar, click the LegEdWin.png button.
 2. Enable the themes that you want displayed in the legend.
 Represents a tip or note for using IMSMA Mobile. The legend will currently only display the generic theme icon. It will not display the subcategory theme icons.
 1. Remove any themes that you do not want to include in the legend. For more information, see page 129.
 2. Enter a name for the legend in the Legend Title field.
 3. If you would like to add a column to the legend, click the AddColLeg.png button. If you would like to remove a column from the legend, click the RemColLeg.png button.
 Represents a tip or note for using IMSMA Mobile. The legend will currently only display the generic theme icon. It will not display the subcategory theme icons.
 1. Click the OK button.
 How to enable a theme
 Themes control the icons that are displayed on the map. The themes available in the Legend Editor window are identical to the themes in the Theme Manager window and are organised in a tree format. If the checkbox to the left of the theme name is checked (CheckedBoxIcon.png), the theme displays on the map. If the checkbox to the left of the theme name is unchecked (UncheckedBoxIcon.png), the theme will not display on the map.
 To enable a theme, check the checkbox beside the theme name in the theme manager pane of the Legend Editor window.
 Represents a tip or note for using IMSMA Mobile. The theme will not be added to the legend until after you click the AddThemeLeg.png button. By default, all enabled themes are included in the legend.
 How to change the text display of a legend entry To change the text display of a legend entry:
 1. Select the legend entry from the Legend Themes pane.
 2. Click the LegThemePn.png button.
 3. The Font Selection window displays.
 4. Change the text properties as needed.
 5. Click the OK button.
 How to remove a theme from the legend If you disable a theme, the theme is automatically removed from the legend. However, you can remove a theme from the legend while keeping the theme enabled. To remove an enabled theme from the legend:
 1. From the Legend Themes pane, select the theme that you would like to remove.
 2. Click the RemThemeLeg.png button.
 3. The theme is removed from the legend, but its icon still displays on the map.


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10 Prestigious Scholarships for International Students: Your Gateway to World-Class Education
In today's globalize world, pursuing higher education abroad has become an aspiration for many. Fortunately, there are numerous prestigious scholarships available to international students, offering them the chance to study at some of the finest educational institutions worldwide. In this post, we'll explore ten such scholarships that cover a range of disciplines and cater to diverse backgrounds.
- Awarded by the US Department of State, Fulbright Scholarships provide comprehensive support for postgraduate studies in the United States.
- This scholarship encompasses full tuition fees, monthly stipends, accommodation costs, travel expenses, and medical insurance.
- It encourages applications from underrepresented groups, minorities, and economically disadvantaged individuals.
- Funded by the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Chevening offers approximately 1000 scholarships annually for postgraduate studies in the UK.
- It covers university tuition fees, monthly living allowances, visa costs, and travel expenses.
- Applicants must have an undergraduate degree and at least two years of work experience.
- These scholarships cater to both postgraduate (masters) and short course (diploma) programs in Australian universities.
- Coverage includes tuition fees, allowances for books, accommodation, and study materials, travel costs, medical expenses, and academic support.
- Eligibility criteria vary by country, and applicants should confirm their eligibility on the official portal.
- Fully funded by the French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs, this scholarship aims to attract international students to top universities in France.
- It provides a monthly allowance, medical insurance, and travel costs, varying for masters and PhD students.
- Fields of study include engineering, health sciences, mathematics, law, political science, and more.
- Awarded to high-achieving, low-income individuals from Commonwealth countries, these scholarships facilitate masters or doctoral programs in the UK.
- The scholarship covers tuition fees, travel expenses, and a monthly living allowance.
- Categories include PhD Scholarships, Split-site Scholarships, Master's Scholarships, Shared Scholarships, Distance Learning Scholarships, and Professional Fellowships.
- Fully funded by the German government, the EPOS Scholarships support applicants from developing countries in pursuing masters and PhD programs in Germany.
- It covers travel costs, medical insurance, study allowance, and monthly stipends.
- Eligible subject areas range from Economic Sciences to Media Studies.
- Aimed at individuals from developing countries, this scholarship allows them to pursue masters programs globally.
- Coverage includes full tuition, travel allowance, and living costs (amount varies by country).
- Applicants should hold a bachelor's degree, have at least 3 years of development-related work experience, and meet other criteria.
- These fully funded scholarships, sponsored by the European Union, support masters and doctoral programs across various academic fields.
- Both Europeans and Non-Europeans from any country are eligible to apply.
- The scholarship covers living costs, tuition fees, visa fees, travel, and insurance expenses. A bachelor's degree is required, and work experience is not mandatory.
- The Asian Development Bank-Japan Scholarship Program offers 135 scholarships annually to high-achieving individuals from developing countries with at least two years of work experience.
- This prestigious scholarship covers full tuition fees, medical insurance, monthly expenses, books, and travel allowances.
- Eligible academic areas include Science and Technology, Economics, Business and Management, Development Studies, Law, and Public Policy.
- The Rotary Foundation generously funds masters and doctoral level coursework or research in any country where the rotary club is located.
- Scholarships cover travel expenses, tuition, passport/visa, living allowances, or language training courses.
- Applicants are selected based on their leadership skills, academic excellence, and willingness to maintain a long-term relationship with the Rotary club.
These ten prestigious scholarships offer a golden opportunity for international students to pursue higher education in renowned institutions across the globe. Each scholarship program has its unique criteria, benefits, and areas of focus, catering to a wide range of academic interests. It's crucial to thoroughly research and apply for scholarships that align with your academic goals and background.
Remember, the journey towards a world-class education begins with taking the first step – applying for the scholarship that could shape your future.
While every effort has been made to provide accurate and up-to-date information, readers are advised to verify the details of each scholarship program on the official websites before applying. Additionally, eligibility criteria and application deadlines may be subject to change.


URLs like /ticket/:id, as it already contains all the fields by default, parameter "fields" is not needed, but you can still use additional fields parameters to expand child blocks: XX_RT_URL_XX/REST/2.0/ticket/1?fields[Queue]=Name,Description Authentication Methods Authentication should always be done over HTTPS/SSL for security. You should only serve up the /REST/2.0/ endpoint over SSL. Basic Auth Authentication may use internal RT usernames and passwords, provided via HTTP Basic auth. Most HTTP libraries already have a way of providing basic auth credentials when making requests. Using curl, for example: curl -u 'username:password' /path/to/REST/2.0 Token Auth You may use the RT::Authen::Token extension to authenticate to the REST 2 API. Once you've acquired an authentication token in the web interface, specify the Authorization header with a value of "token" like so: curl -H 'Authorization: token …' /path/to/REST/2.0 If the library or application you're using does not support specifying additional HTTP headers, you may also pass the authentication token as a query parameter like so: curl /path/to/REST/2.0?token=… Cookie Auth Finally, you may reuse an existing cookie from an ordinary web session to authenticate against REST2. This is primarily intended for interacting with REST2 via JavaScript in the browser. Other REST consumers are advised to use the alternatives above. Conditional requests (If-Modified-Since, If-Match) You can take advantage of the Last-Modified headers returned by most single resource endpoints. Add a If-Modified-Since header to your requests for the same resource, using the most recent Last-Modified value seen, and the API may respond with a 304 Not Modified. You can also use HEAD requests to check for updates without receiving the actual content when there is a newer version. You may also add an If-Unmodified-Since header to your updates to tell the server to refuse updates if the record had been changed since you last retrieved it. ETag, If-Match, and If-None-Match work similarly to Last-Modified, If-Modified-Since, and If-Unmodified-Since, except that they don't use a timestamp, which has its own set of tradeoffs. ETag is an opaque value, so it has no meaning to consumers (unlike timestamps). However, timestamps have the disadvantage of having a resolution of seconds, so two updates happening in the same second would produce incorrect results, whereas ETag does not suffer from that problem. Status codes The REST API uses the full range of HTTP status codes, and your client should handle them appropriately. AUTHOR Best Practical Solutions, LLC BUGS All bugs should be reported via email to or via the web at. LICENSE AND COPYRIGHT This software is Copyright (c) 2015-2019 by Best Practical Solutions, LLC. This is free software, licensed under: The GNU General Public License, Version 2, June 1991


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Self-organizing map learning nonlinearly embedded manifolds
One of the main tasks in exploratory data analysis is to create an appropriate representation for complex data. In this paper, the problem of creating a representation for observations lying on a low-dimensional manifold embedded in high-dimensional coordinates is considered. We propose a modification of the Self-organizing map (SOM) algorithm that is able to learn the manifold structure in the high-dimensional observation coordinates. Any manifold learning algorithm may be incorporated to the proposed training strategy to guide the map onto the manifold surface instead of becoming trapped in local minima. In this paper, the Locally linear embedding algorithm is adopted. We use the proposed method successfully on several data sets with manifold geometry including an illustrative example of a surface as well as image data. We also show with other experiments that the advantage of the method over the basic SOM is restricted to this specific type of data.


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Sunday, February 14, 2010
Norwegian Emigration to SA
Immigrants from countries other than Britain also chose South Africa as their destination.
In 1879, the year of the Anglo-Zulu War, a group of 47 Norwegians left Bergen to establish a colony on an atoll in the Indian Ocean, Aldabra. The Debora Expedition, as the venture is known, didn't work out as planned; some of its members remained in Madagascar and others decided to settle in the British Colony of Natal. They were the first Norwegian immigrants to settle at Port Natal (later called Durban).
You can read everything there is to know about the fascinating Debora Expedition at
_URL_ Also visit companion pages at _URL_
Until about 1880, America had been the favoured destination of Norwegian emigrants, but reports sent back by Norwegian missionaries in South Africa encouraged interest, particularly in the Colony of Natal. The farming community around Aalesund, Norway, made contact with the Natal Immigration Agent, Walter Peace, in London and a scheme for government-assisted immigration was set in place.
This resulted in 32 families sailing first to England from Norway in July 1880, then continuing on to Natal on C.H.M.S. Lapland. They were settled on land between the Umzimkulu and Izotsha rivers on the south coast of Natal.
Although some of these immigrants found conditions in Natal disappointing, later returning to Norway, many remained to form the nucleus of a thriving community. Descendants of the Marburg settlers, as they are generally called, still live in Natal. So do descendants of early Norwegian missionaries to the Colony.
_URL_ Norwegian Settlers Association of Marburg


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Discriminative stimulus properties of (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine in pigeons.Drug Alcohol Depend. 1986 Oct; 18(2):159-64.DA
Pigeons trained to discriminate (+)-amphetamine (AMPH) from saline in a two-key food-maintained drug discrimination paradigm, were used to investigate the discriminative stimulus (DS) effects of two structural analogues of amphetamine, namely (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA). After discrimination performance was stable (90% injection-appropriate responding), test sessions with various doses of AMPH were conducted and a dose-dependent relationship for AMPH-appropriate responding was obtained. Both MDMA (3.0 mg/kg) and MDA (3.0 or 5.6 mg/kg) substituted for AMPH; however, at these doses MDA produced a greater decrease in response rate compared to AMPH and MDMA. Furthermore, while MDMA and MDA were similar in potency in producing drug-appropriate responding, both were less potent than AMPH. These results indicate that MDMA and MDA have DS effects similar to AMPH in pigeons.


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Codominant stems, trunk and branch structure
Trunks need enough wood tissue arranged appropriately to hold the tree up in stormy weather. Branches well attached to the trunk can remain secured for a long time (left and center photos). Weakly attached branches (right photo) can split from the tree. Trees with weakly attached branches fail more often than trees without these defects.
The two codominant stems on the right are weakly attached because they are the same size and because of the bark inclusion between them. The codominant stems below are better attached because there is no bark inclusion. Cabling and bracing can be used to help hold certain trees together (See: cabling and bracing). Trees can also be structutally pruned to either prevent or modify the impact of this defect.


Structural/ propulsion instability
Pogo Analysis: Complex Dynamic Interactions in Rockets
Crean and Associates subject matter experts perform pogo analysis of 1st and 2nd stages of new Launch rockets. Pogo is a behavior that occurs due to coupling of a liquid fueled vehicle's propellant feedline modes of vibration with axial structural modes of the vehicle and is driven by the thrust feedback of the engine. Axial vibrations create disturbances that travel through the engine and are manifest as thrust oscillations. The resulting interaction can result in a system that is unstable. If this happens, the resulting vibration can be extremely violent and can potentially cause loss of the vehicle and payload.
During a recent project, CREAN Launch, Missiles, & Propulsion team engineers worked closely with customer engineers to develop mathematical models and process test data. In addition to flight analysis, a study of the stage as installed in a test stand was also performed to ensure that this system would remain stable. Throughout this relationship, the CREAN personnel not only performed analysis, but also provided guidance and instruction so that the customer engineers learned both the physics of the problem and the software used in its analysis. We are committed to not just helping solve problems, but also passing on our knowledge and experience.
CREAN. For when it does take a rocket scientist.
Privacy Preferences


text:
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL
Division of Fish and Wildlife
NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING AND COMMENT PERIOD
3507 Black Sea Bass Size Limit; Trip Limits, Seasons; Quotas, and
3758 Possession of V-notched Lobsters Prohibited
Title of the Regulations:
Tidal Finfish Regulation and Shellfish Regulation
Brief Synopsis of the Subject, Substnace and Issues:
The commercial black sea bass fishery in Delaware is managed by an individual quota system (ITQ) that is distributed to those fishermen meeting specific qualifying criteria for participation in either the fish pot or commercial hook and line fisheries. The current regulations do not allow the transfer of quota between individuals. However, declining quotas due to slower than anticipated stock recovery rates and a lack of participation by some individuals that are assigned quotas has created a situation were it would be advantageous to the fishermen to transfer quota in order to fully utilize Delaware's annual commercial black sea bass quota. This amendment to the regulation would permit eligible participants in the commercial sea bass fishery to make a one-time per season transfer of their quota, either in part or in total, to another eligible participant in either the commercial sea bass pot fishery or the commercial sea bass hook and line fishery respectively on forms to be supplied by the Department.
The purpose of the proposed lobster regulatory change is to bring Delaware in to compliance with Addendum XI to Amendment 3 of the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission lobster management plan for federal waters off Delaware in what is known as Lobster Conservation Management Area 5. Delaware is required to re-define marking requirements for female lobsters. The mark used, called a V-notch, is presently defined in Delaware regulations as a straight-sided triangular cut without setal hairs at least ¼ inch in depth in the right of center tail flipper. The proposed change will re-define a V-notch as being at least 1/8 inch deep with or without setal hairs.
Notice of Public Comment:
Individuals may address questions to the Fisheries Section, Division of Fish and Wildlife, _PHONE_. A public hearing on these proposed regulations will be held in the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control Auditorium, at 89 Kings Highway, Dover. DE at 7:00 PM on April 24, 2008. Individuals may present their opinion and evidence either at the hearing or in writing to Lisa Vest, Hearing Officer, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, 89 Kings Highway, Dover, DE 19901 or via e-mail to _EMAIL_. The hearing record will remain open for written or e-mail comments until 4:30 PM April 30, 2008.
Richard Cole, _PHONE_, February 19, 2008


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Time and Place
The pyMOR School will take place from Monday at 14:00 to Friday at 12:00 (August 22-26) in the seminar room Prigogine (V0.05-2/3).
The timetable will be adapted based on the information provided by the participants during registration.
Introduction to Python
Note that we are not planning to give an introduction to Python/NumPy/SciPy, but there are plenty of free online resources to learn the basics before the start of the School:
- for inexperienced programmers:
- for more experienced programmers:


How to Access Linux Virtual Machines Remotely Over VNC
access-vm-over-vnc-featured
Virtual machines (VM) are great. They allow you to get more done across multiple different platforms. They also provide a sandbox for you to test out new things. When you need a graphical desktop too, most situations require you to be tied to the hypervisor machine.
That said, you can share your VM's desktop over your network with VNC. That will allow you to access your VMs from anywhere on your local network. VNC is a desktop sharing protocol that allows a Linux system to output its graphical desktop over a network (much like the Remote Desktop Connections in Windows). This way you can open up the desktop on another computer and interact with it directly like you would if you were sitting in front of it.
There are a bunch of ways to handle this. This guide will focus on Ubuntu and will use TigerVNC. If you have other preferences, you can definitely adjust accordingly.
Install the Packages
Before you get started, you're going to need to install the required packages. Most virtualization is done through the kernel itself, so there isn't much else that you need.
On the Server
The server, in this case, refers to the computer that is running the virtual machine.
On the Client
The client, in this case, refers to the computer that is remotely accessing the computer with the VM.
Set Up a Network Bridge
Network bridging isn't strictly necessary for virtual machines, but it is very useful, and it makes them behave like physical machines on your network.
This part isn't too difficult, but you probably shouldn't do it remotely over SSH since you will need to restart after the process.
On the server machine, start by looking up the name of your network interface. Run ip a to see which network interface your computer is using. Once you have it, use your favorite text editor with sudo to open "/etc/network/interfaces." Make it look similar to this:
Replace "eth0" with the name of your interface. If you have multiple ones in use, you can list them separated by a single space. When your file is ready, save and exit. It's best to restart your computer after this to apply the change.
Create a VM
There is a direct way to create your virtual machines from the command line. Of course, if you really don't want to, you can use a tool like virt-manager to make the VMs, but you'll need to modify them later.
If you're planning to go the command line route, it's not that hard. There are a lot of options, but you certainly don't need all of them.
The command for creating your virtual machine is fairly complex. There are a lot of options, and that amount can increase with the complexity of the machine.
Start with naming the machine.
Set the amount of memory in megabytes and the number of CPU cores.
Next, tell it how much hard drive space to allocate in gigabytes and where the ".iso" file is that it'll be installing from.
You'll also need to tell it to make graphics available over VNC. Use the defaults and configure it like this:
Finally, tell it to use your network bridge.
Create a virtual machine from the command line
Put it all together, and you'll get a command something like this one:
Connect Over VNC
Connect To Your VM
On the client machine open up TigerVNC. It will probably be called "vncviewer" on your system. The window is very simple. Enter in the IP address of your server and connect.
Install Ubuntu over VNC
A second window will open up to your VM. Use the controls on the side to resize your VM window to your liking. Then, finish the installation of your VM.
When your install is done, you can use your VM like you would any other (or the native desktop). After you shut it down, you can restart it via virsh and connect again over VNC like you did here.
That's it! You can now create and run virtual machines with graphical desktops remotely over your network.
Sponsored Stories


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Communication between the school, your child's classroom and the home is essential. All teachers at Labrador strive to maintain this level of communication and parents are encouraged to be involved and aware of their child's educational progress and needs.
In order to achieve this we provide:
- Parent Teacher Conversations in week 3/4 of Term 1
- Formal parent / teacher interviews at the end of Term 3
- Formal report cards at the end of term 2 and Term 4
As well as this we maintain an 'open door' policy to the school. If you would like to discuss your child's education, please make time to contact your child's teacher by emailing, phoning or coming into the school and organising a meeting.


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Study of Effect of Diesel Fuel Energy Rate in Duel Fuel on Performance of Compression Ignition Engine
Keywords:وقود ثنائي, غاز نفطي مسال، محرك اشتعال بالأنضغاط, نسبة مكافئة, قدرة مكبحية, استهلاك نوعي مكبحي, كفاءة حجمية, كفاءة حرارية مكبحية
The aim of this work is to study the effect of diesel fuel percentage on the combustion processes in compression ignition engine using dual – fuel (diesel and LPG).
The brake thermal efficiency increased with the increase of diesel fuel rate at low loads, and decreased when load increased. To get sufficient operation in engine fueled with dual fuel, it required sufficient flow rate of diesel fuel, if the engine fueled with insufficient diesel fuel erratic operation with miss fire cycles presented.
Dual-fuel operation at part load showed higher specific fuel consumption than straight diesl operation. At full loads, brake specific fuel consumption of duel fuel engine approaches that for diesel fuel values.
How to Cite
Copyright: Open Access authors retain the copyrights of their papers, and all open access articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, and so forth in this publication, even if not specifically identified, does not imply that these names are not protected by the relevant laws and regulations. While the advice and information in this journal are believed to be true and accurate on the date of its going to press, neither the authors, the editors, nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.


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Albea Blanca Hojiblanca EVOO has the very characteristic green leaves fruity aroma and taste notes of freshly mown grass, apple and almonds. Fresh and peachy, has green fruits' bitter taste and defined pungency. A complex flavor and a lingering aftertaste of apple savor.
Cultivar(s): The cultivar of Hojiblanca olive trees selected by Albea Blanca is in the province of Córdoba, in dry land's traditional frame.The province has a Subtropical-Mediterranean climate and has the highest summer average daily temperatures in Europe, averaging 98 °F in July (days with temperatures over 112°F are common in the summer months) Winters are mild with isolated frosts and precipitation is concentrated in the coldest months, generated by storms in December through February. This Atlantic characteristic then gives way to a hot summer with significant drought more typical of Mediterranean climates.
Hojiblanca olive tree variety is of medium vigor, upright bearing and quite thick foliage, with off-white and light olive-green leaves color (hence the name) and grey-green wood color; late maturing and not constant in its productivity; very resistant to calcareous soil and considered rustic, because of its resistance to long drought periods, typical of the area most part of the year. And the olives are shaped almost in perfect spheres. Have a big size and present strong resistance to detachment and a balanced pulp-bone ratio, being extremely rich in nutrients, which provide high levels of Polyphenols.
Location of Orchard / Source of Fruit: Priego de Córdoba
Albea Blanca Hojiblanca EVOO origin is in a wonderful olive grove located in Priego de Córdoba, in the heart of the Cordovan Subbética Mountain System, in the province of Córdoba, where this olive varietal is autochthonous. A Natural Reserve area, characterized by high rainfall and large temperature variations, comprised between hilly mountains, with great ecological wealth, botanist value and beautiful landscape, surrounded by vegetable gardens, streams and other water courses, floristic richness and forests of poplars, willows and elms.
Certification: Albea Blanca Hojiblanca EVOO is not certified "organic", but it is produced as organic, as stringent chemical analysis made on the soil, olives and oils, certify the complete absence of residues in the oil. Chemical and organoleptic analysis of Albea Blanca Hojiblanca EVOO highlights its large content in Oleic Acid, Polyphenols and Tocopherols, rich in Vitamins and Omegas, which provide of health benefits and keep up the oil fresh along time.
- 2016 EVOO Gold Award at NYIOOC (New York Int'l Olive Oil Competition)
- 2016 EVOO Silver Award at LAIEVOOC (Los Angeles International EVOO Competition)
- 2016 Packaging Gold Award at LAIEVOOC
- 2015 EVOO Gold Award at NYIOOC


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.
In the weld metal of A5083 welded with high energy density such as electron beam and laser beam, the amount of solute (mainly magnesium) of the primary crystals tends to increase with the increase in the welding speed. The solute concentration of solid phase tends to increase generally with the increase in the solid fraction and increases rapidly near the last stage of solidification, that is, the dendrite boundary. Though the dissolved amount of magnesium in the weld metal estimated with Xray diffraction technique becomes lower than that of the base metal, this tends to approach to that of the base metal after the weld metal was homogenized. In this paper, we examined these phenomena more precisely. First, we calculated the distributions of magnesium by applying the rapid solidification theory when the dendrite arm spacings (DAS) were changed to several steps. Then, the dissolved amount of magnesium in the dendrite was calculated by considering the distributions of magnesium and we made clear the influence of DAS on the dissolved amount of magnesium. Next, we also calculated the distributions of magnesium when the weld metal was homogenized and made clear the influence of DAS on the dissolved amount of magnesium after the homogenization. Moreover, the actual weld metals, in which DAS were changed, were obtained by changing the welding conditions with electron beam and we could experimentally confirm the same tendency as mentioned above which were simulated by the calculation. It was made clear that the Charpy impact energy of the weld metals linearly increased with the increase in the dissolved amount of magnesium.
The weldability of Fe-36%Ni alloy (Invar alloy) was investigated to clarify the main factor influential for weld cracking in multi-pass weld metal. The tests were carried out using the Fe-36%Ni plates containing various contents of sulfur. The weld cracking susceptibility was evaluated by double bead longitudinal Varestraint test and restraint weld cracking test using gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). The ductility of weld metal at an elevated temperature was evaluated by hot ductility test. The crack in multi-pass weld metal occurred in the grain boundary away from the fusion boundary of the subsequent weld pass. From the result of hot ductility test of weld metal, the reduction of area was lower at temperature range from 1073 to 1173K. This range was consistent within the temperature range where cracking portion in the multi-pass weld metal was heated by subsequent weld thermal cycles. Consequently, the crack in the multi-pass weld metal was specified as ductility dip cracking. The ductility dip cracking susceptibility was increased in the higher sulfur content weld metals and sulfur concentration was detected on that crack surface. Further, the oxides and sulfides, such as Mn2SiO4 and α-MnS, were very slightly observed on the grain boundary in weld metal. From these results, the ductility dip cracking in weld metal was concluded to be mainly caused by grain boundary embrittlement by segregation of sulfur.
The effects of alloyed elements on ductility dip cracking susceptibility in multi-pass weld metal of Fe-36%Ni alloy (Invar alloy) was investigated to obtain the proper chemical compositions for preventing the ductility dip cracking and to clarify its mechanism. The tests were carried out using the Fe-36%Ni plates containing various contents of manganese, titanium, calcium, carbon and niobium. The ductility dip cracking susceptibility was evaluated by double bead longitudinal Varestraint test and restraint weld cracking test using gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). The ductility dip cracking susceptibility decreased with the addition of both carbon and niobium. By the addition of these elements, the micro structure of weld metal was changed from the cellular structure with straight grain boundary to the cellular dendritic structure with grain boundary like saw teeth. Additionally, in the weld metal containing both niobium and carbon, the eutectic microstructure, with the niobium carbide, was produced. From these results, the prevention of ductility dip cracking in weld metal, with the addition of both niobium and carbon, is thought to be due to: (1) the decrease of sulfur concentration in the grain boundary by formation of eutectic structure with niobium carbide; and (2) the locking of the intergranular slip by the anchoring effect of the cellular dendritic structure with grain boundary like saw teeth.
The effects of carbon and niobium on solidification cracking susceptibility of Fe-36%Ni alloy (Invar alloy) were investigated to prove the validity of the addition of both carbon and niobium for preventing the solidification cracking as well as the ductility dip cracking. The tests were carried out using the Fe-36%Ni plates containing various contents of carbon and niobium. The solidification cracking susceptibility was evaluated by transverse Varestraint test using gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). The microstructure of weld metal quenched by liquid tin was also observed. The solidification cracking susceptibility decreased with the increase of niobium in a range less than 1.5 mass% in weld metal containing 0.2 mass% carbon. In weld metal with 0.2% carbon, the eutectic microstructure of niobium carbide and austenite was produced in the dendrite space of primary austenite. Additionally, the residual liquid at the final stage of solidification disappeared at a higher temperature in weld metal containing 0.2% carbon and 1% niobium compared with the weld with 0.02% carbon and 1% niobium. From these results, the decrease of solidification cracking susceptibility by the addition of both carbon and niobium is considered to be due to reducing the temperature range, which both solid and liquid exist together, as a result of the decreasing niobium content in residual liquid by the formation of niobium carbide.
High temperature tensile tests were conducted on butt brazed joints of type 316 stainless steel. Two kinds of newly developed Ni-cu based filler metals, two kinds of standard nickel filler metals, BNi-2 and BNi-5, and a standard silver filler metal, BAg-21, were tested. Each of the joints was made to have a constant joint clearance of 50 micrometers. Tests were carried out at 298K, 423K, 573K, 723K, 873K and 973K, in air atmosphere. Strengths of the nickel brazed joints were less than 300MPa at all the test temperatures. The relatively low strength were attributed to formation of brittle eutectic phase at the center of the joints. This indicates that the joint clearance for nickel filler metals should be controlled to be narrower than 50 micrometers to obtain practical strength in industrial applications. In the joints with BAg-21, the strength decreased drastically above 573K. This filler metal therefore would not be applicable for the joints used at high temperatures. For the joint with Ni-Cu-Sn filler metal, one of the developed Ni-Cu filler metals, the strength was about 340MPa at 298K. The strength decreased gradually with the increase in temperature. At 973K, the strength was less than 100MPa. This filler metal is not applicable for the use at high temperatures over 600K, consequently. On the contrary, the joints with Ni-Cu-Mn filler metal showed about 400MPa of tensile strength from 298K to 723K. The result indicates that this filler metal can braze wide gap joints with better mechanical property compared to nickel filler metals, and can be used in high temperatures around 700K.
The stress wave propagation and the stress distribution in adhesive scarf joints with dissimilar adherends subjected to impact bending moments are analyzed in an elastic deformation using three-dimensional finite-element method (FEM). An impact load is applied to the joint by dropping weight. The one side of the adherend is fixed and the other side of the adherend is subjected to an impact load. FEM code employed is DYNA3D. The effects of scarf angles of the adherends, the adhesive thickness and Young's modulus of the adhesive, the combinations of materials of the adherends on the stress propagation and distributions at the interfaces are examined. The scarf angles are changed from 15 to 90 degrees. It is found that the maximum value of the Mises' equivalent stress σM appears at the interface between the adhesive layer and the adherend made of mild steel, and it is independent of the combinations of the adherend materials. In the case where the scarf angle is 45 degree, the maximum value of the Mises' equivalent stress σM is minimal. The stress σX is the greatest in all of stress components. The maximum value of the Mises' equivalent stress σM increases as the adhesive layer thickness and Young's modulus of the adhesive increase. It is seen that the position where the maximum value of the Mises' equivalent stress σM occurs moves toward edge of the adhesive interface as the thickness and Young's modulus of the adhesive increase. In addition, experiments were carried out to measure the strain response of the adhesive scarf joints subjected to impact bending moments using strain gauges. A fairly good agreement is seen between the analytical and the experimental results.
Welding deformation is complexly affected by different factors, and that is predicted to depend on the skills of welding operatives, being affected by welding parameters such as the welding current, arc voltage and welding speed. It is therefore desirable to treat welding deformations statically. This paper describes an investigation into the statistical properties of the welding parameters, transverse shrinkage and angular distortion when welding operatives having specified skills are engaged in semi-automatic MAG welding of butt welding joint with backing plate. The results obtained may be summarized as follows.


Age grade
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In sociology and anthropology, an age grade or age class is a form of social organization based on age, within a series of such categories, through which individuals pass over the course of their lives.
This is in contrast to an age set, to which individuals remain permanently attached as the set itself becomes progressively more senior.
The number of age classes, the determining ages and the terminology vary significantly between traditions. Even within a single society, a person may belong to several overlapping grades in different spheres of life, e.g. per year a different school class and yet for several years on end a child, then an adolescent, finally an adult.
In tribal societies entry into an age grade - generally gender-separated - is often marked by an initiation rite, which may be the crowning of a long and complex preparation, sometimes in retreat. After a period of some years, during which they often perform certain common activities, alone or under senior guidance, members may be initiated either collectively or individually into a more senior age grade. This progression is often accompanied by the revelation of secret knowledge. In most cultures, age grade systems, as with age sets, are the preserve of men, and it is the older men who control a society's secret knowledge, collectively or restricted to a council of elders and/or specific positions such as shaman entrusted with the preparation of initiants.
Closely related age-grade systems are common among East African Cushitic communities. Particularly, the Oromo, a trans-national nation living in Ethiopia and Kenya, have a well-developed age-grade system known as the Gadaa System.[ Another example is that of the Maasai] Gadaa through history came to organize social life around the series of five generation grades which assign obligations as well as rights to members of the society. Through Gadaa, many socio-political functions were carried out. For example, the system operated as an educational institution by providing periods of training and skill development in each grade and by casting all those YUBA (who had finished the full cycle consisting of five-grades) in the role of teachers and advisors. The system operated as a judicial institution by assigning a Chief Justice, jurors at the national level and making all LUBA wherever they were into arbitrators and councilors ready to defend the national law.[1]
Many male age grade systems are associated with patrilineal kinship systems.[2] Male age grade systems associated with matrilineal kinship systems are found among the Austronesian populations of Taiwan.[3]
 1. ^
 2. ^ Bernardi, B. (1985). Age Class Systems: Social Institutions and Polities Based on Age. Cambridge University Press.
 3. ^ Shepherd, J.R. (1995). Marriage and Mandatory Abortion among the 17th-century Siraya. American Anthropological Association.


text:
Wacona Elementary School first graders have been learning about 2D and 3D shapes. Mrs. Carol Reed's class learned how shapes are used in every facet of their lives. There are shapes all around us, in our homes, at our school, and in our community. Students learned that foods have different shapes, such as oranges shaped like a circle, brownies shaped like squares or rectangles, and pizza cut into triangles.
After discussing many types of foods, the class decided to make pizza. The students were put into groups to make different types of pizzas using pepperoni shaped like circles, cheese cut into rectangles, and ham cut into cubes and squares. They cut the cooked pizzas into triangles. They enjoyed learning about shapes they could eat!!! Mr. Chancey is the principal of Wacona Elementary.
Pictured L to R - Khole M., Makinsley R., Jayce P., Gihad T., Victor R., and Breck B.


the default VGA font of the Linux kernel, and the ISO 10646 fonts for X11.
See also
References
 1. ^ The Extended ASCII Chart
 Note: CP437 is an extended ASCII code page, but is not the extended ASCII, because numerous incompatible extensions exist.
 2. ^ OEM font Definition
 3. ^ MS LineDraw - Version 2.00
 4. ^ WD97: MS LineDraw Font Not Usable in Word
 5. ^ The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard 4.0, Chapter 7, "European Alphabetic Scripts", p176. PDF version
 6. ^ Richard Wilton, Programmer's Guide to PC & PS/2 Video Systems, 1987, Microsoft Press.
External links
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
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 - Code page 857 — (also known as CP 857, IBM 00857,[1] OEM 857,[2] MS DOS Turkish[3]) is a code page used under MS DOS to write Turkish. Code page 857 is based on code page 850, but with many changes. It includes all characters from ISO 8859 9. Code page layout… … Wikipedia
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text:
The oak tree, respected for millennia as a source of strong, dense wood, also has a considerable tradition of medicinal use. The astringent, tannin-rich bark of the oak tree has been recommended for such diverse conditions as internal hemorrhage, diarrhea, dysentery, cancer, and pneumonia.
What is Oak Bark Used for Today?
Germany's Commission E
recommends oak bark internally for treatment of
and topically for
eczema. However, there is no meaningful scientific evidence that oak bark offers any therapeutic benefit in these or any other conditions. Only double-blind, placebo-controlled studies can prove a treatment effective, and none have been performed on oak bark. (For more information on why such studies are essential, see
Why Does This Database Rely on Double-blind Studies?)
Oak bark contains numerous substances in the tannin family, especially ellagitannin,1 along with potentially active substances in the saponin family.2
Tannins are thought to have an astringent effect, meaning that they reduce tissue swelling and stop bleeding, and they are traditionally thought to be useful for diarrhea. However, oak bark has never been studied as a treatment for diarrhea. Saponins are often said to act as expectorants, enhancing the ability to cough up phlegm. Again, however, there is no direct evidence that oak bark is useful for coughs or related conditions.
Very weak evidence (too weak to be relied upon at all) hints that oak bark may have value for
kidney stones, possibly reducing pain and slowing stone growth.3
test-tube studies indicate that oak bark solutions applied topically might have activity against various microorganisms, including staphylococcus,4-6
and might also exert
However, it is a long way from such studies to actual evidence of clinical benefit.
A typical oral dose of oak bark is 1 gram three times daily.8
For application as a treatment for eczema, an oak bark tea is made by boiling 1–2 tablespoons of the bark for 20 minutes in 2 cups of water, and this is applied to the rash three to five times daily. Oak tinctures and extracts should be used according to label instructions.
Although comprehensive safety testing has not been performed, use of oak bark is not generally associated with any side effects other than the occasional digestive upset or allergic reaction.
Safety in young children, pregnant or nursing women, or people with severe liver or kidney disease has not been established.
Konig M, Scholz E, Hartmann R, et al. Ellagitannins and complex tannins from
J Nat Prod
Arramon G, Saucier C, Colombani D, et al. Identification of triterpene saponins in
Liebl. Heartwood by LC-ESI/MS and NMR.
Phytochem Anal. 2002;13:305–10.
Mandana Rodriguez A, Gausa Rull P. Therapeutic effects of
extract in urolithiasis.
Arch Esp Urol. 1980;33:205–26.
Voravuthikunchai S, Lortheeranuwat A, Jeeju W, et al. Effective medicinal plants against enterohaemorrhagic
J Ethnopharmacol. 2004;94:49–54.
Gulluce M, Adiguzel A, Ogutcu H, et al. Antimicrobial effects of
Phytother Res. 2004;18:208–11.
Voravuthikunchai SP, Kitpipit L. Activity of medicinal plant extracts against hospital isolates of methicillin-resistant
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2005;11:510–2.
Cerda B, Tomas-Barberan FA, Espin JC. Metabolism of antioxidant and chemopreventive ellagitannins from strawberries, raspberries, walnuts, and oak-aged wine in humans: identification of biomarkers and individual variability.
J Agric Food Chem. 2005;53:227–35.
Blumenthal M, Busse WR, Goldberg A, et al. (eds).
The Complete Commission E Monographs: TherapeuticGuide to Herbal Medicines. Boston, MA: Integrative Medicine Communications; 1998:175–6.
Last reviewed July 2012 by EBSCO CAM Review Board
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
Copyright © EBSCO Publishing. All rights reserved.


Student Thesaurus
2 entries found for compare.
To select an entry, click on it.
Entry Word: compare
Function: verb
Text: 1 to describe as similar
Synonyms bracket, equate, liken
Related Words associate, connect, couple, link; allude, refer, relate; equal, match, parallel
Antonyms contrast
2 to regard or represent as equal or comparable -- see EQUATE 1


text:
Ink Performance Test.
The properties of ink include raw material properties and film properties, including water content, permeability, relative density, surface tension, PH value, viscosity, fineness, initial drying property, absorption property, adhesion fastness, anti-adhesion property, flow property and so on. The properties of the film include color, gloss, coloring power, light resistance, sun resistance, temperature resistance, aging resistance and so on.
Common performance testing methods.
1. Detection of ink viscosity.
In gravure printing, the control of ink printing viscosity is very important, especially in medium and high speed printing, it is directly related to pigment transfer, dirty plate, printing luster, electrostatic phenomenon and so on. At the same time, it is also the key to ensure the stability of printing color. The viscosity of ink can be measured by viscometer or viscometer, the commonly used viscometer / cup has rotating viscometer, Stormer viscometer, viscometer and so on.
2. Detection of Ink Gloss.
Ink luster is mainly in the printing surface after the light, the ability to reflect in one direction. The quality of ink glossiness will have a greater impact on the appearance of printed matter, good glossiness is bright color, poor glossiness is dim color. The gloss of ink is measured by gloss meter.
3. Ink color detection.
Printed matter gives people the most obvious feeling, is its color, bright degree and reflect the authenticity, in addition to the structure of the pattern, printing level, almost mostly by color to express. Therefore, the color of the ink test is very important.
There are two main methods to detect the color of ink: one is the instrument inspection method, which is determined by reflection densitometer and colorimeter. Another conventional inspection method, it is the ink coated on the printing material for comparison and judgment.
The methods of coating on the printing material are as follows: 1 razor scraping method. 2Ink roller coating method and silk rod method. (3) the method of printing with printability testing machine.
4. Detection of ink fineness.
The fineness of the ink refers to the size of the pigment (including filler) particles in the ink and the uniformity of the pigment particles distributed in the binder. After the ink is diluted, the particle fineness and distribution are measured by the scraper fineness meter.Expressed in microns (representing the maximum diameter of ink pigment particles).
5. Detection of Coloring Power of Ink.
Coloring power refers to the extent to which one ink affects the color of another ink. When blending spot color ink, when the hue of one of the primary inks changes, the color of the spot color ink will change. For example, when the hue of the original ink is more yellow than before, the spot color ink will have the effect of increasing yellow; if the coloring power of the red ink is strong, it will have the effect of increasing red.
GB/T 14624.2-2008 "Test method for Coloring Power of offset Printing Ink" should be used to detect the coloring power of printing ink.
6. Determination of adhesion fastness of printing ink.
Ink adhesion is the fastness of ink adhesion to the printing surface, if poor adhesion and fixation is not good, there is no certain fastness, not resistant to friction, not resistant to impact, not resistant to fatigue, that is, there is no printing.
There are five test methods for testing ink adhesion fastness:
1) scratch resistance test.
Apply moderate pressure with the fingernails of the thumb and repeatedly scrape the ink layer that has been printed and dried on the film. If the ink layer is scratched or the ink falls off, the adhesion of the ink is not ideal.
2) Tape peeling test.
Use viscose tape to evenly stick to the printing sample, press it with your fingers on the back of the tape to make it stick firmly, and then hold both ends of the tape with your hands to pull up at a medium speed to observe the ink sticking up by the tape.As long as there is ink on the tape, it shows that the adhesion of the ink on this kind of printing material is not good.
3) dry friction test.
The printing surfaces of the two samples are stacked together relative to each other, applying a pressure of 2 to 4 pounds of repeated friction, and scratches or ink shedding indicates poor ink adhesion.
4) the wet friction test method is similar to the above dry friction test, except that a little water needs to be added between the two prints.
5) Test of detergent resistance.
Drop one or more drops of alkaline detergent on the printing sample, suck it clean with paper towels or clean soft cloth or clean soft cloth after 15 seconds, and then wipe it with medium pressure. If there is any change in the printed picture and text part, it indicates that the adhesion of the ink is not good.
7. Detection of initial dryness of ink.
Ink drying refers to the ink from liquid to semi-solid, no longer flow transfer, that is, the ink "fixed" stage, is the initial drying of the ink.
Ink dryness test method recommended GB/T 13217.5-2008 "liquid ink dryness test method."
8. Detection of pH value of printing ink.
The pH value of ink is directly related to the printing suitability of water-based ink, such as viscosity, dryness and so on. There are two commonly used pH detection methods: ph test paper method and acidity meter method. Although the data measured by the test paper method is not accurate enough, but the operation is simple, it is a commonly used detection method in practical production. Acidity meter, also known as PH meter, is a kind of instrument for measuring pH value of solution by potentiometric method. The measured data of acidity meter is more accurate, and it is an ideal method to measure pH value.
Ink viscosity test is generally used to test the ink viscosity instrument to test the size of the resistance of the ink thin layer separation or torn apart, in order to represent the ink viscosity.
10. Detection of Ink Surface tension.
Surface tension is the ability of the liquid surface to contract automatically in the air. Ink surface tension will affect the leveling of ink, adhesion settings lead to failure in printing. At present, surface tension is generally used to detect surface tension.


text:
In contrast, the equation:
In other words, the first equation has distinct roots, while the second does not. (In the general theory, the discriminant is introduced to explain this.)
Along the same lines, one can prove that x and y are distinct by finding some function f and proving that f(x) and f(y) are distinct. This may seem like a simple idea, and it is, but many deep results in mathematics concern when you can prove distinctness by particular methods. For example,
Limitation Convention - Article 6 "All You Need is Common Sense for a Distinct Occasion".(Strong Wise Ltd. v. Esso Australia Resources Pty Ltd and BHP Billiton Petroleum (Bass Strait) Pty Ltd)(Australia. Federal Court of Australia)(Case overview)
Jul 28, 2010; Introduction Justice Rares of the Australian Federal Court recently handed down a landmark judgment concerning limitation of...


text:
Flatten PDF Forms Fields in Flutter
PSPDFKit for Flutter allows you to create a new document with flattened forms. In a document with flattened forms, the form fields and their contents are still visible, but they're no longer editable.
The example below shows how to flatten forms using the
// First open a PDF file using 'present()'. await Pspdfkit.processAnnotations('all', 'flatten', 'PDFs/flattened-form.pdf');
For more details about how to use the
processAnnotations() function, please refer to our Process Annotations guide.