Check your search results here
Deputy Director Job NGO Kenya
Position: Deputy Country director, Somalia Mission.
Action contre la Faim (ACF) was founded by a group of prominent French figures in response to the emergency caused by Afghan refugees fleeing to Pakistan to escape fighting in 1979, with the aim of eradicating hunger in a more global, lasting and effective way worldwide.
The organisation focuses its activities on an integrated approach, taking various aspects into account: "Nutrition, health and healthcare practices", "Food security and livelihoods", "Water, sanitation and hygiene" and "Advocacy and awareness-raising"
Location: Somalia mission based on Nairobi
Incorporation date: April 2011
Overall Objectives:
Continuous analysis of the humanitarian context and definition of strategic programming:
* Collect Information and analysis from external sources and from technical coordinators
* Ensure information is analyzed and provide relevant future propositions for geographic and sectoral interventions throughout the country to Country Director (CD) in a timely fashion.
* Identify humanitarian needs, brief the mission team and design potential responses within the operational country strategy
* Lead the definition of the framework and orientation of strategic programming in collaboration with the CD and the Desk
* Contribute to the identification of potential funding opportunities
* Produce the program related part of the mission situation report
* Contribute to the design and implementation of the Missions advocacy strategy
Overall management of implementation, design and reporting of Somalia programs
* Initiate and supervise design and development of WASH and Food Security programs in Somalia until such Programs would require dedicated HR
* Ensure integration and synergy of ACF programming at coordination and base level through promotion of regular coordination meetings and information sharing between field and coordination office
* Ensure program objectives are met and timelines, budgets, donor guidelines are respected by the Program Staff and Coordinators
* Ensure APR are delivered on a monthly basis for each project
* Compilation and pre-final validation of programmes sections of proposals and reports (donors and authorities).
* Supervise the design and implementation of tools to launch needs assessments and initiate new programs in a remote management setup
* Supervise the design and implementation of tools and procedures to monitor and evaluate ACF field activities in a remote management setup.
* Extensively train and coach Base Officers on ACF programming approach, PCM and program monitoring tools
* Lead ACF technical planning for contingency and emergency response programs with other stakeholders
* Liaise and coordinate with stakeholders on ACF activities when necessary
Human Resources Management and Capacity Building
* Provide training and guidance to all program staff on operational management of programs
* Contribute to the career development for Program Staff in collaboration with the HR department in order to identify needs of training and develop training plans
* Conduct regular evaluations of Technical Coordinators / Program Managers and contribute to regular evaluations of Base Officers (in collaboration with CD)
* Revise all job descriptions for technical positions in collaboration with coordinators and CD as needed
* Deliver induction to all incoming staff on projects' status and background country program strategy
* Overall responsible for providing the Human Resources Budgeting input to the HR Coordo with the support of the technical coordinators
* Initiate disciplinary measures where needed in accordance with HR regulations and under the authority of CD
Acting CD in the absence of the CD
* Be the acting CD in his/her absence and ensure the continuation of overall mission management under direct supervision of the Desk Officer.
* Participate in the management of Mission Security & Safety in conjunction with the Security Coordinator and under direct supervision of the Desk Officer.
* Be the focal point at mission level for external contacts such as Partners, Stakeholders, Donors and Media in the absence of the CD.
* Significant experience in humanitarian and emergency/early recovery program management.
* Minimum 5 years humanitarian work in developing or emergency context.
* Minimum 3 years humanitarian experience in a senior management / coordination role.
* Experience with ACF is desirable
* Excellent human resource management skills.
* Advanced knowledge of donors' guidelines/procedures.
* Experienced in working with private funding and foundations.
* Excellent organizational, leadership and motivation/training skills.
* Able to set own deadlines and meet them consistently.
* Proven experience in proposal writing and budget development.
* Fluent in oral and written English (professional English required).
* Excellent communication skills.
* Excellent writing and analytical skills.
* Excellent training skills – proven competencies in providing Training of Trainers
* Excellent business management and representation competencies.
* Long-term contract, provided by ACF according to the French legislation.
* All expenses paid on the field: travel out/return, collective or individual accommodation depending on position, meals and hygiene expenses
* ACF will pay for the family living depending on position and mission
* Program Managers: Monthly salary ranging from €1800 to €2425 (depending on relevant experience)
* Allowance of €200 paid on the mission
* Social benefits: Medical, life and accident insurance provided by the institution
* 25 days of annual paid leaves
* 20 days of extra leaves per year (taken as recovery time breaks of one week every 2 or 4 months depending on the mission) + break allowances
* Pre departure training of two weeks, at the HQ in Paris
How to apply
Please, send your CV and cover letter to Camille DARDE under references DEPUTYCD-0211:
Closing date: 22 Apr 2011
You can also visit for more jobs
Enter your email address:
Delivered by FeedBurner


text:
Lauren S. Aulet is a Presidential Postdoctoral Fellow at Carnegie Mellon University with Drs. Jessica Cantlon and Brad Mahon, where she leverages behavioral, neural, and developmental methods to understand how humans represent numerical concepts. She received her PhD in Psychology (Cognition & Development) from Emory University, in Dr. Stella Lourenco's Spatial Cognition lab. She also collaborated with the labs of Dr. Daniel Dilks and Dr. Gregory Berns to understand the neural mechanisms underlying number perception in humans and dogs, respectively.
Most broadly, Lauren interested in how humans parse and make sense of their visual experience. Primarily, her work examines how we perceive and represent numerical magnitude (how can we tell how many objects are present in a scene?), as well as non-numerical magnitudes (e.g., size, brightness, duration, distance). In this work, she incorporates multiple techniques (psychophysics and functional imaging) and developmental populations (infancy, childhood, and adulthood).

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Transform Data
Transform data between time and frequency domains
Functions
fftTransform iddata object to frequency domain data
ifftTransform iddata objects from frequency to time domain
etfeEstimate empirical transfer functions and periodograms
spaEstimate frequency response with fixed frequency resolution using spectral analysis
spafdrEstimate frequency response and spectrum using spectral analysis with frequency-dependent resolution
Examples and How To
Transform Time-Domain Data in the App
Transform time-domain data to frequency-domain or frequency-response data.
Transform Frequency-Domain Data in the App
Transform frequency-domain input-output data to time-domain or frequency-response data.
Transform Frequency-Response Data in the App
Transform frequency-response data to frequency-domain input-output data or to frequency-response data with a different frequency resolution.
Concepts
Supported Data Transformations
Transform between time-domain and frequency-domain data at the command line.
Transforming Between Time and Frequency-Domain Data
Transform between time-domain and frequency-domain iddata objects at the command line.
Transforming Between Frequency-Domain and Frequency-Response Data
Transform between iddata and idfrd objects at the command line.


text:
Adala UK is a UK based NGO. We gather testimonies and evidence of human rights violations in Western Sahara in order to:
* raise awareness among the British public and internationally of human rights violations committed against the Saharawi people living in the Occupied Territories;
* be a legitimate source of documentation of human rights violations committed against the Saharawi people;
* ensure international governments and inter-governmental bodies put pressure on the Moroccan government regarding its policies that negatively impact on the human rights of the Saharawi population.
Our aim is to mobilise national and international support to hold the Moroccan government to account and change existing practices regarding human rights.
We collaborate with a growing number of human rights activists based in Western Sahara and in Morocco, who provide first-hand accounts of the situation on the ground.


text:
Iranian Researchers Separate Hydrogen from Methane with 100% Efficiency
TEHRAN (FNA)- Iranian researchers at Kashan University and Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) separated hydrogen from methane with an efficiency of 99.99% by hybrid synthesizing of a nanoadsorbant.
Hydrogen has numerous applications in various fields, among which is the use of hydrogen in hydrocracking process.
No source has so far been known in order to obtain pure hydrogen. In order to fulfill the needs of industry, this material is prepared by using water-gas substitution (WGS) reaction through chemical processes. Therefore, the raw materials and the products except hydrogen must be separated from hydrogen in order to obtain pure hydrogen. Since methane is the raw material of the reaction, hydrogen should first be separated from methane, and then it should be transferred to other processes.
The researchers studied the deposition of carbon nanostructures on the active carbon made of walnut shell (which was chemically activated by using KOH). Results of the experiment showed that methane adsorption increased 17.92% for the deposition of nanofiber carbon on the active carbon. However, the increase in methane adsorption did not affect the amount of hydrogen adsorption.
Their experiments also showed that the carbon adsorbent hybridized by carbon nanofibers can separate a mixture of methane and hydrogen with equal concentrations of the compounds up to 99.99, and the outlet gas contained 99.99% pure hydrogen. Commercial adsorbents can purify hydrogen up to 73.80% at standard conditions.
The results of the research have been published in the February 15 edition of the Chemical Engineering Journal.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


≡ Menu
The Common Painkiller That Also Kills Pleasure
The Common Painkiller That Also Kills Pleasure post image
Painkilling drugs taken every week by almost a quarter of Americans also kill positive emotions.
Acetaminophen — also known as Tylenol (or paracetamol outside the US) — kills positive emotions, a new study finds.
Studies have already shown that the painkiller blunts both physical and psychological pain.
But this is the first time anyone has thought to test the popular painkiller's effect on both negative and positive emotions.
Acetaminophen is such a popular drug that it is found in over 600 different medicines.
Geoffrey Durso, the study's lead author, said:
The study had half the participants take a dose of 1000 mg of acetaminophen, which is a regular amount (often taken as two 500 mg pills).
The remainder were given an inactive placebo.
After waiting an hour for the drug to take effect, both groups were given the same test.
They viewed a series of photos designed to elicit various positive and negative emotions.
Dr Baldwin Way, one of the study's authors, explained the results:
"People who took acetaminophen didn't feel the same highs or lows as did the people who took placebos."
In other words, the drug blunted both positive and negative emotions.
When people saw a relatively happy picture — like children with kittens — they still rated their emotional reaction near the midpoint.
People who'd taken the placebo were more emotionally affected.
Despite the changes, people who'd taken acetaminophen didn't feel they were reacting any differently.
Dr Way said:
It is not yet known if other pain relievers like aspirin or ibuprofen have the same effect.
The research might suggest, though, that some factors affect both our positive and negative emotions in a similar way.
It could even be, Geoffrey Durso said, that the study tapped into some difference between people in how they react to both positive and negative events:
The study is published in the journal Psychological Science (Durso et al., 2015)
Bored man image from Shutterstock


text:
~ You can also view other items from the
museum collection online: _URL_ ~
The War of Rebellion
The Paris Hill Connection
Harry Lyon & the Flight of the Southern Cross
The Crew of the Southern Cross (left to right) Harry
Lyon, navigator, Charles Kingsford-Smith, pilot, Jim Warner, radio operator,
and Charles Ulme, co-pilot.
Eighty years ago Paris Hill resident and Merchant Marine Captain Harry Lyon helped make aviation
history as the navigator on the first flight across the Pacific from California to Australia. Known for his skill as
a ship's navigator, Lyon was invited by Australian pilots Charles Kingsford-Smith and Charles Ulm to join the crew
of the Southern Cross for this historic flight even though he had never flown
in an aircraft before. Flying day and night over open ocean, through severe
storms, using dead reckoning with the aid of compasses when radio contact was
impossible, and with stops for rest and refueling in Hawaii and Fiji, the Southern
Cross landed in Brisbane, Australia on June 9, 1928.
Photographs and more details of this trip, the crew and the aircraft are on display at Hamlin Memorial Library & Museum along
with many other items and stories of local historic interest.
1848 Paris Hill Friendship quilt
This beautiful quilt was made in 1848 for Mrs. Louisa Griffin Davis, the wife of
the second minister of the Paris Hill Baptist Church, Caleb B.Davis.
Mr. Davis preached on Paris Hill from 1837 until failing health caused him to
resign in 1852. Davis was a proponent of temperance, a stark contrast to the first minister, Elder Hooper, but he had
the support of some of the leading citizens of Paris and through tact and courage was
successful in his ministry. 151 people joined the church during his
pastorate, and he officiated at 69 marriages and 201 funerals.
The quilt consists of 61 complete squares, each approximately 11 1/2"
square, set "on point" surrounded with 20 half-square triangles and
4 quarter-square triangles and measures 101" x 101". It is
particularly interesting because each square was finished individually with
narrow binding and then the finished squares were sewn together. The quilting
is expertly done with tiny stitches.
There are 72 signatures on the quilt. Much information about the quilters can be
found from searching the Town of Paris History. They ranged in age from 14 years old to 68
years old, and their signatures include the mother and two sisters of
Hannibal Hamlin, a Paris son who was Abraham Lincoln's Vice President; and the wife, two daughters,
and the daughter-in-law of Judge Steven Emery. Judge Emery's son is the only
man whose signature is on the quilt. Also included is the signature of Sarah
Jeannie Prentiss who, according to the Paris History, was a "lady of literary tastes and many accomplishments" including that
"During the War of the Rebellion, when nurses were wanted to take charge
of the loyal sick in Southern hospitals (she) volunteered her services...
until the close of the war."
Persis Sibley Andrews, whose diaries tell us about life on Paris Hill
is also represented. Although this quilt is not mentioned specifically,
Persis writes about a quilting party on March 11, 1840.
"This morning (sic) we framed the quilt Miss Sally has so long been patching up, and just as we were speaking of the
tiresomenessof the long job before us two girls came to spend the day-owe
instantly took the hint & tho't it a good time to have a real oldfashioned rustic "quilting
fralick." Accordingly we dispatched "Benny" immediately after dinner with horse, sleigh ...
and invitations to all the girls in the neighborhood,& a request to the brothers & beaux to come to tea and
spend the eveg (sic). Master Benny was delighted with his success
among the fair ones & soon returned with a bountiful load-
- we had as many as co'd sit about the quilt...the song went round merrily, indeed, but nimble fingers did not forget to
ply the needle. We had lights so arranged that we quilted until 8 o'clock eveg--the
gentlemen each one filling some office of my appointment or quilting; for
instance... needle threader, w(hic)h by the way, was
very useful, & certainly very unusual for a
gentleman--brother Wm G was clerk to this latter office, for each young lady agreed
to pay her own bill; & when the quilt was removed --, the paying up! I guess every
gentleman envied this officer then! Apple & fun finished the eveg."

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Integrating parallel dataflow programming with the Ada tasking model
This paper describes how parallel dataflow programming can be simply and efficiently integrated with the Ada tasking model. Three extensions to standard Ada are proposed: parallel composition of statements, a parallel for-loop statement, and single-assignment types. Using these constructs, parallel Ada programs can be written without explicit tasking, that are identical—except for two new reserved words—to sequential Ada programs that satisfy the same specifications. These programs can be developed as sequential programs, then executed as deterministic parallel programs for high performance. The proposed extensions are defined by transformation into standard Ada tasking, and can efficiently be implemented by straightforward preprocessing, without any change to the underlying Ada compiler or run-time system.
© 1994 ACM. This work was supported in part by Air Force Office of Scientific Research grant AFOSR-91-0070.


Scientists Turn To Seahorses For Nearly Unbreakable Limbs
Researchers at Clemson University have created a new sort of robotic design based on the long, curled tail of the seahorse. The seahorse is unique because it consists of "square prisms surrounded by bony plates that are connected by joints." Other animal tails are cylindrical and therefore easily crushed.
The researchers write:
￼Researchers found that the square prototype was stiffer, stronger and more resilient than the circular one when crushed. The square prototype was about half as able to twist, a restriction that could prevent damage to the seahorse and give it better control when it grabs things.Both prototypes could bend about 90 degrees, although the cylindrical version was slightly less restricted.
There are a few popular biomimetic robotic snakes on the market but this design would allow a robot to fold up without losing structural integrity. The robotic seahorse could withstand a solid whacking with a hammer while similar cylindrical designs folded at the point of impact.


Azure Automation runbook types
The Azure Automation Process Automation feature supports several types of runbooks, as defined in the following table. To learn about the process automation environment, see Runbook execution in Azure Automation.
Type Description
Graphical Graphical runbook based on Windows PowerShell and created and edited completely in the graphical editor in Azure portal.
Graphical PowerShell Workflow Graphical runbook based on Windows PowerShell Workflow and created and edited completely in the graphical editor in Azure portal.
PowerShell Textual runbook based on Windows PowerShell scripting.
PowerShell Workflow Textual runbook based on Windows PowerShell Workflow scripting.
Python Textual runbook based on Python scripting.
Take into account the following considerations when determining which type to use for a particular runbook.
 - You can't convert runbooks from graphical to text type, or the other way around.
 - There are limitations when using runbooks of different types as child runbooks. For more information, see Child runbooks in Azure Automation.
Graphical runbooks
You can create and edit graphical and graphical PowerShell Workflow runbooks using the graphical editor in the Azure portal. However, you can't create or edit this type of runbook with another tool. Main features of graphical runbooks:
 - Exported to files in your Automation account and then imported into another Automation account.
 - Generate PowerShell code.
 - Converted to or from graphical PowerShell Workflow runbooks during import.
Advantages
 - Use visual insert-link-configure authoring model.
 - Focus on how data flows through the process.
 - Visually represent management processes.
 - Include other runbooks as child runbooks to create high-level workflows.
 - Encourage modular programming.
Limitations
 - Can't create or edit outside the Azure portal.
 - Might require a code activity containing PowerShell code to execute complex logic.
 - Can't convert to one of the text formats, nor can you convert a text runbook to graphical format.
 - Can't view or directly edit PowerShell code that the graphical workflow creates. You can view the code you create in any code activities.
 - Can't run runbooks on a Linux Hybrid Runbook Worker. See Automate resources in your datacenter or cloud by using Hybrid Runbook Worker.
 - Graphical runbooks can't be digitally signed.
PowerShell runbooks
PowerShell runbooks are based on Windows PowerShell. You directly edit the code of the runbook using the text editor in the Azure portal. You can also use any offline text editor and import the runbook into Azure Automation.
The PowerShell version is determined by the Runtime version specified (that is version 7.1 preview or 5.1). The Azure Automation service supports the latest PowerShell runtime.
The same Azure sandbox and Hybrid Runbook Worker can execute PowerShell 5.1 and PowerShell 7.1 runbooks side by side.
Note
At the time of runbook execution, if you select Runtime Version as 7.1 (preview), PowerShell modules targeting 7.1 runtime version is used and if you select Runtime Version as 5.1, PowerShell modules targeting 5.1 runtime version are used.
Ensure that you select the right Runtime Version for modules.
For example : if you are executing a runbook for a SharePoint automation scenario in Runtime version 7.1 (preview), then import the module in Runtime version 7.1 (preview); if you are executing a runbook for a SharePoint automation scenario in Runtime version 5.1, then import the module in Runtime version 5.1. In this case, you would see two entries for the module, one for Runtime Version 7.1(preview) and other for 5.1.
runbook Types.
Currently, PowerShell 5.1 and 7.1 (preview) are supported.
Advantages
 - Implement all complex logic with PowerShell code without the other complexities of PowerShell Workflow.
 - Start faster than PowerShell Workflow runbooks, since they don't need to be compiled before running.
 - Run in Azure and on Hybrid Runbook Workers for both Windows and Linux.
Limitations - version 5.1
 - You must be familiar with PowerShell scripting.
 - Runbooks can't use parallel processing to execute multiple actions in parallel.
 - Runbooks can't use checkpoints to resume runbook if there's an error.
 - You can include only PowerShell, PowerShell Workflow runbooks, and graphical runbooks as child runbooks by using the Start-AzAutomationRunbook cmdlet, which creates a new job.
 - Runbooks can't use the PowerShell #Requires statement, it is not supported in Azure sandbox or on Hybrid Runbook Workers and might cause the job to fail.
Known issues - version 5.1
The following are current known issues with PowerShell runbooks:
 - PowerShell runbooks can't retrieve an unencrypted variable asset with a null value.
 - PowerShell runbooks can't retrieve a variable asset with *~* in the name.
 - A Get-Process operation in a loop in a PowerShell runbook can crash after about 80 iterations.
 - A PowerShell runbook can fail if it tries to write a large amount of data to the output stream at once. You can typically work around this issue by having the runbook output just the information needed to work with large objects. For example, instead of using Get-Process with no limitations, you can have the cmdlet output just the required parameters as in Get-Process | Select ProcessName, CPU.
Limitations - 7.1 (preview)
 - The Azure Automation internal PowerShell cmdlets are not supported on a Linux Hybrid Runbook Worker. You must import the automationassets module at the beginning of your Python runbook to access the Automation account shared resources (assets) functions.
 - For the PowerShell 7 runtime version, the module activities are not extracted for the imported modules.
 - PSCredential runbook parameter type is not supported in PowerShell 7 runtime version.
 - PowerShell 7.x does not support workflows. See this for more details.
 - PowerShell 7.x currently does not support signed runbooks.
 - Source control integration doesn't support PowerShell 7.1. Also, PowerShell 7.1 runbooks in source control gets created in Automation account as Runtime 5.1.
Known Issues - 7.1 (preview)
 - Executing child scripts using .\child-runbook.ps1 is not supported in this preview. Workaround: Use Start-AutomationRunbook (internal cmdlet) or Start-AzAutomationRunbook (from Az.Automation module) to start another runbook from parent runbook.
 - Runbook properties defining logging preference is not supported in PowerShell 7 runtime.
 Workaround: Explicitly set the preference at the start of the runbook as below -
 $VerbosePreference = "Continue"

 $ProgressPreference = "Continue"

 - Avoid importing Az.Accounts module to version 2.4.0 version for PowerShell 7 runtime as there can be an unexpected behavior using this version in Azure Automation.
 - You might encounter formatting problems with error output streams for the job running in PowerShell 7 runtime.
 - When you import a PowerShell 7.1 module that's dependent on other modules, you may find that the import button is gray even when PowerShell 7.1 version of the dependent module is installed. For example, Az.Compute version 4.20.0, has a dependency on Az.Accounts being >= 2.6.0. This issue occurs when an equivalent dependent module in PowerShell 5.1 doesn't meet the version requirements. For example, 5.1 version of Az.Accounts was < 2.6.0.
 - When you start PowerShell 7 runbook using the webhook, it auto-converts the webhook input parameter to an invalid JSON.
PowerShell Workflow runbooks
PowerShell Workflow runbooks are text runbooks based on Windows PowerShell Workflow. You directly edit the code of the runbook using the text editor in the Azure portal. You can also use any offline text editor and import the runbook into Azure Automation.
Note
PowerShell 7.1 does not support workflow runbooks.
Advantages
 - Implement all complex logic with PowerShell Workflow code.
 - Use checkpoints to resume operation if there's an error.
 - Use parallel processing to do multiple actions in parallel.
 - Can include other graphical runbooks and PowerShell Workflow runbooks as child runbooks to create high-level workflows.
Limitations
 - You must be familiar with PowerShell Workflow.
 - Runbooks must deal with the additional complexity of PowerShell Workflow, such as deserialized objects.
 - Runbooks take longer to start than PowerShell runbooks since they must be compiled before running.
 - You can only include PowerShell runbooks as child runbooks by using the Start-AzAutomationRunbook cmdlet.
 - Runbooks can't run on a Linux Hybrid Runbook Worker.
Python runbooks
Python runbooks compile under Python 2 and Python 3. Python 3 runbooks are currently in preview. You can directly edit the code of the runbook using the text editor in the Azure portal. You can also use an offline text editor and import the runbook into Azure Automation.
Python 3 runbooks are supported in the following Azure global infrastructures:
 - Azure global
 - Azure Government
Advantages
 - Use the robust Python libraries.
 - Can run in Azure or on Hybrid Runbook Workers.
 - For Python 2, Windows Hybrid Runbook Workers are supported with python 2.7 installed.
 - For Python 3


Sign up ×
In and of the current draft standard restrictions are placed on specializations injected by users into namespace std.
The behavior of a C ++ program is undefined if it adds declarations or definitions to namespace std or to a namespace within namespace std unless otherwise specified. A program may add a template specialization for any standard library template to namespace std only if the declaration depends on a user-defined type and the specialization meets the standard library requirements for the original template and is not explicitly prohibited.
I cannot find where in the standard the phrase user-defined type is defined.
One option I have heard claimed is that a type that is not std::is_fundamental is a user-defined type, in which case std::vector would be a user-defined type.
An alternative answer would be that a user-defined type is a type that a user defines. As users do not define std::vector, and std::vector is not dependent on any type a user defines, std::vector is not a user-defined type.
A practical problem this impacts is "can you inject a specialization for std::hash for std::tuple into namespace std? Being able to do so is somewhat convenient -- the alternative is to create another namespace where we recursively build our hash for std::tuple (and possibly other types in std that do not have hash support), and if and only if we fail to find a hash in that namespace do we fall back on std.
However, if this is legal, then if and when the standard adds a hash specialization for std::tuple to namespace std, code that specialized it already would be broken, creating a reason not to add such specializations in the future.
While I am talking about std::vector as a concrete example, I am trying to ask if types defined in std are ever user-defined type s. A secondary question is, even if not, maybe std::tuple becomes a user-defined type when used by a user (this gets slippery: what then happens if something inside std defines std::tuple, and you partial-specialize hash for std::tuple).
share|improve this question
It doesn't mean a type that's defined by the programmer? A type that's not already present in the C++ specification? – Robert Harvey May 14 '14 at 15:42
_USER_ No, at least not historically. Historically, a UDT is any non-fundamental type, i.e. any type other than enums and builtin types such as int, char etc. But I agree that this makes the usage in the context cited here weird. – Konrad Rudolph May 14 '14 at 15:43
Yes, that's essentially my understanding. Anything you might define with class or struct. – Robert Harvey May 14 '14 at 15:45
_USER_ Forget it, brain fart. I was thinking of (non-)POD, not UDT. – Konrad Rudolph May 14 '14 at 15:57
BTW: I've seen this type of question several times and I always wondered why the definition of "user-defined type" is questioned instead of simply questioning if the restrictions in simply need to be fixed (by extending the wording to not just rely on UDTs) – Daniel Frey May 14 '14 at 16:41
4 Answers 4
Prof. Stroustrup is very clear that any type that is not built-in is user-defined. See the second paragraph of section 9.1 in Programming Principles and Practice Using C++.
The article explicitly mentions that not everyone seems to agree, but this is IMHO mostly wishful thinking and not what the standard (and Prof. Stroustrup) are actually saying, only what some people want to read into it.
share|improve this answer
TC++PL 4th edition (2014), p139 "The standard library provides many user-defined types." -- same page: "Enumerations and classes are called user-defined types because they must be defined by users rather than being available for use without previous declarations, the way fundamental types are." – dyp May 14 '14 at 17:14
_USER_ Sure, but that is just the words and intentions of the inventor of the language: I was hoping for something definitive. ;) – Yakk May 14 '14 at 19:01
_USER_ Yeah... I had this discussion before (with Potatoswatter?) and I agree that paragraph is ambiguous. I just wanted to add some more quotes to Daniel's answer. – dyp May 14 '14 at 19:27
_USER_ related:… – dyp May 14 '14 at 19:34
Stroustrup is using the term as it is used in Clauses 1-16, but Clause 17 uses it in a different way, and does not consider e.g. std::string to be a user-defined type (even though that most certainly is a user-defined type according to clauses 1-6) – Jonathan Wakely Jan 6 at 1:10
When Clause 17 says "user-defined" it means "a type not defined in the standard" so std::vector is not user-defined, neither is std::string, so you cannot specialize std::vector or std::vector. On the other hand, struct MyClass is user-defined, because it's not a type defined in the standard, so you can specialize std::vector.
This is not the same meaning of "user-defined" used in clauses 1-16, and that difference is confusing and silly. There is a defect report for this, with some discussion recorded that basically says "yes, the library uses the wrong term, but we don't have a better one".
So the answer to your question is "it depends". If you're talking to a C++ compiler implementor or a core language expert, std::vector is definitely a user-defined type, but if you're talking to a standard library implementor, it is not. More precisely, it's not user-defined for the purposes of 17,
One way to look at it is that the standard library is "user code" as far as the core language is concerned. But the standard library has a different idea of "users" and considers itself to be part of the implementation, and only things that aren't part of the library are "user-defined".
Edit: I have proposed changing the library Clauses to use a new term, "program-defined", which means something defined in your program (as opposed to UDTs defined in the standard, such as std::string).
share|improve this answer
And std::vector depends on a user-defined type, so you can also specialize hash for std::vector, etc – Ben Voigt Jan 6 at 1:18
This makes me sad. Not the answer. The answer is great. – Lightness Races in Orbit Jul 10 at 15:55
The logical counter argument is that users do define std::vector. You see std::vector is a class template and as such has no direct representation in binary code.
In a sense it gets it binary representation through the instantiation of a type, so the very action of declaring a std::vector object is what gives "soul" to the template (pardon the phrasing). In a program where noone uses a std::vector this data type does not exist.
On the other hand, following the same argument, std::vector is not a user defined type, it is not even a type, it does not exist; only if we want to (instantiate a type), it will mandate how a structure will be layed out but until then we can only argue about it in terms of structure, design, properties and so on.
The above argument (about templates being not code but... well templates for code) may seem a bit superficial but draws it's logic, from Mayer's introduction in A. Alexandrescu's book Modern C++ Design. The relative quote there, goes like this :
Eventually, Andrei turned his attention to the development of template-based implementations of popular language idioms and design patterns, especially the GoF[*] patterns. This led to a brief skirmish with the Patterns community, because one of their fundamental tenets is that patterns cannot be represented in code. Once it became clear that Andrei was automating the generation of pattern implementations rather than trying to encode patterns themselves, that objection was removed, and I was pleased to see Andrei and one of the GoF (John Vlissides) collaborate on two columns in the C++ Report focusing on Andrei's work.
share|improve this answer
Umm... just to put it into simple-english, except the note, you say "std::vector is not a user-defined type, because it is not a type at all (unless T is type and it gets instantiated). It's a template.", am I right? However, any instantiation would be an UDT. – luk32 May 15 '14 at 9:11
The draft standard contrasts fundamental types with user-defined types in a couple of (non-normative) places.
The draft standard also uses the term "user-defined" in other contexts, referring to entities created by the programmer or defined in the standard library. Examples include user-defined constructor, user-defined operator and user-defined conversion.
These facts allow us, absent other evidence, to tentatively assume that the intent of the standard is that user-defined type should mean compound type


text:
|Define Vision#Gather stakeholder requests [message #581543]
||Sat, 11 August 2007 13:47
| Roman Smirak
Registered: July 2009
The task: Define vision contains steps as follows (simplified here):
* Identify stakeholders
* Understand the problem
* Gather stakeholder request
* Define features
My understanding (simplified again): To understand the problem (and
stakeholder's needs to solve it) I need to understand the context (current
work procedure and its pain or limits, for instance) and then I can suggest
appropriate solution in form of a working software system (particular form
of the solution to be implemented) specified by features.
Q: What does it mean in this context: 'Gather stakeholder request'? What is
the relationship among Need, Request, Requirement?
My interpretation: a stakeholder is already able to express sort of
requirement about the system (its particular behaviour or capability) - e.g.
we are developing next version of an existing system, or the stakeholder is
somehow experienced or software-enabled:-), etc. So the term belongs to the
particular (sw) solution space as well as a requirement which is probably
more formal or properly handled then (+ attributed, etc.) whereas a need
belongs to the problem space and it is software independent. Is this correct
meaning of the step?
Powered by FUDForum
. Page generated in 0.02526 seconds


text:
Norwegian Forest Cat
Norwegian Forest Cats typically weigh between 12 to 16 pounds. The Norwegian Forest Cat is a sweet, loving cat. They appreciate praise and loves to interact with their parents. They make a loving companion and bond with their parents once they accept them for their owners. They are territorial and patrol several times each day to make certain that all is fine.
Common Health Conditions
- Hip dysplasia is a genetically inherited malformation of the hip joint that can cause lameness and limping in Norwegian Forest Cats.
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a condition where a portion of the heart becomes thickened which causes your cat's heart less able to pump blood to the rest of the body
- Ticks are blood-sucking parasites that feed on your Norwegian Forest Cat, and once they've latched on they are not keen to let go. They will drop off when they've finished feeding, but that can take days and are particularly good at hiding in the hair of long-haired cats.


text:
|Zoological name :||Ficus Benghalensis|
|Found In :||Ranthambore National Park and Corbett National Park|
Other names : Bargad, Bor, Ber, Ala and Pedda mari, Nayagrodha, Ala mara, Bar, Vad, Vatnam, Bahupada, Peddamarri, Al are the other names used for the Banyan tree. Indians call it a wish fulfilling tree.
Description : Banyan tree is a huge tree with very extensive branches. It is said that at one time more than 10, 000 people can sit under its shade at one time. It is a evergreen tree. It branches spread out and send trunk like roots to the ground in order to support itself. It grows to a height of more than 21 meters and lives for many years. The leaves are 10 -20 cm long and has many aerial roots. The leaves are broad, oval and glossy. White milky fluid oozes out of leaves, if broken. It can grow in to the gaint tree covering several hectares.
Other Species : F. aurea, F. benghalensis, F. citrifolia, F. macrophylla, F. microcarpa, F.pertusa, F. rubiginosa are the other related species of the Banyan tree.
Location : Found in almost all the parts of India, Banyan tree is the National tree of India. It is grown throughout the subHimalayan region and in the deciduous forests. One can Banyan Tree in the Botanical Garden of Calcutta. They are widely grown in the Ranthambore National Park and Corbett National Park in India.
Cultivation methods :Banyan tree is easily propagated by root tip cuttings or the eye cuttings. Cut apiece of the stem about half a inch below and above the leaf. Insert the stem piece and a little of the leaf stalk into the rooting medium. To reduce evaporation from the leaf surface, you can roll the leaf and secure with a rubber band. In a couple weeks roots and a new shoot will start developing. It can grow in any type of soil.
Medicinal uses : The Banyan tree also has several medicinal properties. Its leaf, bark, seeds and fig are used for the variety of disorders like diarrhea, polyuria, dental, diabetes and urine disorders. The wood of the Banyan tree is used in making door panels, boxes and the other items. Its bark is used for making paper and ropes. The milky latex that comes from its leaves and stems is used in many Ayurvedic medicines.
Other uses : In India its edible leaves are used as the plates. It is planted for the soil conservation. Wood is used for well curbs, door panels, boxes, furniture etc. It is suitable for paper pulp. The wood of the aerial roots is stronger and is used for the tent poles and cart yokes.
Cultural importance : Banyan tree is respected and is considered as sacred by the people in India. In the sacred Hindu Book 'Bhagwad Gita' Lord Krishna has sung praises on the Banyan tree. People in India grow Banyan tree closer to the Peepal tree. As Banyan tree is considered as the male plant closely related to the Peepal tree. It symbolize Trimurti with Vishnu as the barl, Shiva as the branches and Brahma as the roots. Indians considered Banyan tree as 'Kalpa Vriksha' the tree that fulfill all your wishes.The mighty Banyan Tree is considered as immortal and has always been the focal point for the village communities in India. It is probably the biggest and friendliest of all trees. Banyan tree is the tree of knowledge and tree of life.


In-Depth
Create a DSN-Less Database Connection
Increase your application's flexibility and make the installation simpler by connecting to the database without generating a DSN in the ODBC Data Source Administrator. Instead, use VB code to configure the connection.
Technology Toolbox: VB6
You must have key connection information to connect any application with a data source (database), including Microsoft Access, SQL Server, Oracle RDBMS, and others. The connection information includes a data source name (DSN), the location of the server, the database name, the logon information, a password, and driver options. You can store this information in the Windows Registry where the DSN was created, or in the file DSN. You could also define this information in the Visual Basic code that specifies the connection string. Commonly, you can create the DSN with the ODBC Data Source Administrator, which you can access from the Windows Control Panel or Administrator Tools (in Windows 2000).
Specifying the DSN and connection to the database in VB increases the flexibility of your application and makes your installation simpler. This approach eliminates a few steps that require the user or system administrator to create a DSN on each computer. A DSN-less connection can be especially useful for Web applications. In this case, you don't need to re-create a DSN every time you change the location of your application from one server to another. The DSN-less connections are appreciably faster than the system DSN connections, which, in turn, are faster than the file DSN. The DSN-less connections pass up the calls to the Windows Registry. I'll show you different ways to create DSN and DSN-less connections in VB6.
Here you create the Windows Registry key for the DSN connection using the RegCreateKey, RegSetValueEx, and RegCloseKey API functions. Open a new Visual Basic project, and put a command button on the default form. This code goes to the General Declaration section of the form:
Option Explicit
 Private Const HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE = &H80000002
 Private Const HKEY_CURRENT_USER = &H80000001
 Private Declare Function RegCreateKey Lib "advapi32.dll" _
 Alias "RegCreateKeyA" (ByVal hKey As Long, _
 ByVal lpSubKey As String, phkResult As Long) As Long
 Private Declare Function RegSetValueEx Lib "advapi32.dll" _
 Alias "RegSetValueExA" (ByVal hKey As Long, _
 ByVal lpValueName As String, ByVal Reserved As Long, _
 ByVal dwType As Long, lpData As Any, _
 ByVal cbData As Long) As Long
 Private Declare Function RegCloseKey Lib "advapi32.dll" _
 (ByVal hKey As Long) As Long
Now place code in the click event for the command button cmdCreateRegKey (see Listing 1).
This code creates the new DSN key in the Windows Registry. The result is shown on the list of DSNs in the ODBC Data Source Administrator, which is located in the Control Panel (Administrator Tools in Windows 2000). Use this function to delete the new DSN key: RegDeleteKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "SOFTWARE\ODBC\ODBC.INI\" & sDSNName).
In the second example, you create and delete the DSN connection using the SQLConfigDataSource API function. Open a default form with two command buttons—cmdCreate and cmdDelete. Declare the constants and function in the Declaration section of the form (see Listing 2).
In this third example, you use a DSN-less connection to connect to the data source. In this type of connection, you specify all necessary information (the driver, the server, the database name, and the user ID) in the connection string. Use the native OLE DB provider for SQL Server instead of ODBC because of its performance and reliability.
Make sure you set up a reference to the Microsoft ActiveX Data object in your project. Use this code to open a Connection object:
Dim cnMyConnection As ADODB.Connection
Dim sConnString As String
 Set cnMyConnection=New ADODB.Connection
 sConnString = "Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;" & _
 "Persist Security Info=False;UserId=sa;" & _
 "Initial Catalog=MyDatabase;" & _
 "Data Source=MyServerName;Password=MyPassword;"
 With cnMyConnection
 .ConnectionString = sConnString
 .ConnectionTimeout = 0
 . Open
 End With
 ???
If your application accesses multiple databases with the different settings, you might find it helpful to use a universal data link (UDL) file with the saved connection information. In this case, your connection string looks like this:
sConnString="File Name=" & <Path to UDL file> & _
 "\" & UDLFileName & ".udl;"
It's always good practice to close the object variables explicitly after you're done with them:
If not cnMyConnection is Nothing then
 cnMyConnection.Close
 Set cnMyConnection=Nothing
End if
Check out the MSDN article, "Creating and Configuring Universal Data Link (.udl) Files," to learn how to create the UDL files. You can find a list of connection strings for the different drivers at _URL_.
The code in these examples lets you connect to a database without preliminary generation of a DSN in the ODBC Data Source Administrator. You configure this connection instead through Visual Basic 6 code.
Featured
 - OneDrive Users To Get Storage Options, Plus New Personal Vault
 Microsoft announced a few OneDrive enhancements, including storage-option additions, plus a new "Personal Vault" feature for added security assurance.
 - Cloud Services Starting To Overtake On-Prem Database Management Systems
 Database management system (DBMS) growth is happening more on the cloud services side than on the traditional "on-premises" side, according to a report by Gartner Inc.
 - How To Replace an Aging Domain Controller
 If the hardware behind your domain controllers has become outdated, here's a step-by-step guide to performing a hardware refresh.
 - Azure Backup for SQL Server 2008 Available at Preview Stage
 Microsoft added the option of using the Azure Backup service to provide recovery support for SQL Server 2008 and SQL Server 2008 R2 when those workloads are hosted on Azure virtual machines.
comments powered by Disqus
Office 365 Watch
Sign up for our newsletter.
Terms and Privacy Policy consent
I agree to this site's Privacy Policy.


text:
Four Weeks to Fitness
Teaching Children to Run
Jan Tipton believes the way to make running fun for young children is to take the emphasis off distance and place it on time. "The worst thing," says Tipton, a physical education teacher at Alimacani Elementary School in Jacksonville, Florida, "is to take kids outside and tell them to run four laps (one mile). Every single day, the same kid wins, and all the rest lose."
Instead, Tipton asks everyone to run four minutes--and freeze! Each child sees how far he or she ran. The next day, they return and try to run farther. "Suddenly the focus is off the kid that won and on what you just accomplished." Over a period of weeks, Tipton gradually increases the time run in two-minute increments to 12 minutes. At that point, most children find they can run four laps and feel proud of their achievement. At the end of the school year, the children are tested on their ability to run one mile.
Tipton sees each class only once every two weeks, so relies on classroom teachers to supervise running during daily recesses. "It takes extra effort on their part," admits Tipton. "They have to stand on the track and blow the whistle." For children not in a supervised program, Tipton suggests that the parents run along. "If the kid is faster than the parent, let them go."
The following four-weeks-to-fitness program begins with daily four-minute runs. Each Friday, the time (and distance) increases. Tuesdays and Thursdays are designed as a speed day with the Friday time split in half. On Tuesdays, encourage the child to go farther in the second run than the first. On Thursdays, have the child run the first and stop; then after a rest, run back faster and try to run past the start/finish line. Do all workouts on a track or in some area without traffic. The final Friday run in Week 4 could be a 1-mile race, those dreaded four laps on a track that seemed so imposing on Day 1. Walking in any of the workouts or in the final test itself is acceptable.
|1||4:00||2 x 300||4:00||2 x 3:00||6:00||Soccer|
|2||6:00||2 x 400||6:00||2 x 4:00||8:00||Soccer|
|3||8:00||2 x 500||8:00||2 x 5:00||10:00||Soccer|
|4||10:00||2 x 600||10:00||2 x 6:00||12:00||Soccer|
After a child attains the goal of running a mile, you can continue workouts using a similar gradual progression. After another four weeks or more, the child will be able to run two miles non-stop and may be ready to enter a 5-K race, where inspiration will carry him or her the extra distance--provided you run along!
- Is Running Good for Children?
- Wesley Paul: "I just wanted to run with my father"
- Mary Etta Boitano: "I am not a little boy"
- Liz Reichman: "We just go out and see what develops"
- Training: Four Weeks to Fitness
- Training Tips for Parents
- Kids Running


an external usb drive from esxi to VM
In the VMDirectPath mode, you can redirect up to two physical PCI devices to a VM. There are some restrictions on a VM with a redirected PCI device: you cannot pause a VM (Suspend), perform vMotion to another host (it is logical, since you are bound to a physical controller) or create snapshots.
Hyper-V also supports the redirection of physical USB devices to a VM.
]]>
_URL_ 0
Managing User Photos in Active Directory Using ThumbnailPhoto Attribute _URL_ _URL_ Wed, 24 Feb 2021 09:00:00 +0000 _URL_ Active Directory user accounts have a special thumbnailPhoto attribute in which a user's photo can be stored as binary data. Outlook, OWA, Lync/Skype for Business, SharePoint (and other apps) can use the photo stored in this AD attribute as the user's avatar in their interface. In addition, these photos can be used as Windows user account picture.
In this post, we will show you how to add (upload) a user's photo to Active Directory using PowerShell, OWA or the Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in, as well as how to save (export) the thumbnailPhoto attribute value to a jpeg file.
ThumbnailPhoto Attribute in Active Directory
The main aspects and restrictions of using user photos in AD:
 - The maximum photo size in the thumbnailPhoto attribute of the user object is 100 KB. However, there is a general recommendation to use a graphic JPEG/BMP file format up to 10 KB and 96×96 pixels in size as user's photo in AD;
 - To display a photo in Outlook 2010 or newer, at least version of the Windows Server 2008 Active Directory schema is required;
 - If there are a lot of user photos in Active Directory, the replication traffic between domain controllers increases due to the growth of the NTDS.DIT file (AD database);
 - Users can change their own photo in AD. If you need to delegate the ability to upload photos to other users (e. g., HR department), you need to use the AD delegation wizard to grant the group the "Write thumbnailPhoto" permission to the OU with user accounts.
How to Add/Update a User Photo in AD Using PowerShell?
To add (upload) a user photo to Active Directory using PowerShell, you need to use the Active Directory Module for Windows PowerShell (which is part of the RSAT administration tools). First, you need to convert the image file to a byte array, and then use the Set-ADUser cmdlet to set it as the value of the thumbnailPhoto attribute.
Import-Module ActiveDirectory
$photo = [byte[]](Get-Content C:\PS\user_photo.jpg -Encoding byte)
Set-ADUser john.smith -Replace @{thumbnailPhoto=$photo}
The same thing in PowerShell one-liner:
Set-ADUser john.smith -Replace @{thumbnailPhoto=([byte[]](Get-Content "C:\ps\user_photo.jpg" -Encoding byte))}
powershell set (upload) user thumbnailPhoto to active directory
After these commands have been executed, the user photo stored in Active Directory database will be displayed in Outlook, Lync/Skype, OWA, etc. (it may take some time till the end of AD replication and GAL update).
You can open the user's properties in the Active Directory Users and Computers (ADUC) console, go to the Attribute Editor tab, and make sure the thumbnailPhoto attribute now contains a value.
view thumbnailPhoto attribute value in active directory snapin
User Photos Management in Exchange and Outlook Web Access
Exchange Management Shell supports the same feature of importing AD user photos. To do it, you can use Import-RecipientDataProperty cmdlet.
Note. The Import-RecipientDataProperty cmdlet in Exchange 2010 doesn't allow to upload an image of more than 10 KB.
The EMS command to update a photo of the user john.smith will look like this:
Import-RecipientDataProperty -Identity "john.smith" -Picture -FileData ([Byte[]] $(Get-Content -Path "C:\PS\user_photo.jpg" -Encoding Byte -ReadCount 0))
EMS in Exchange 2013/2016 uses another cmdlet to manage user photos – Set-UserPhoto. The following commands are used to add a user's photo in these versions of Exchange:
Add-PSSnapin Microsoft.Exchange.Management.PowerShell.SnapIn
$usrphotofile = ([Byte[]] $(Get-Content -Path "C:\PS\user_photo.jpg" -Encoding Byte -ReadCount 0))
Set-UserPhoto -Identity john.smith -PictureData $usrphotofile -Confirm:$False
Set-UserPhoto -Identity john.smith -Save -Confirm:$False
To remove a thumbnail photo from Active Directory, use the command:
Remove-UserPhoto -Identity john.smith
Users can also change their profile photo themselves through Outlook Web Access (OWA). Click on your account in the upper right corner, select Edit information -> photo -> click the change button and specify the path to the jpeg file with the user photo.
outlook web app upload user photo
How to Import User Photos to AD in Bulk with PowerShell?
You can bulk upload and manage users' photos to Active Directory with PowerShell. Create a CSV file that contains a list of user accounts and the corresponding photo filenames. You can use the coma-separeted format of the import.csv file:
AD_username, Photo
john.smith, C:\PS\john.smith.jpg
jane.doe, C:\PS\jane.doe.jpg
bill.gates, C:\PS\bill.gates.png
The following PowerShell one-liner command will get the list of users from a CSV file and update (upload) their photos to Active Directory:
Import-Csv C:\PS\import.csv |%{Set-ADUser -Identity $_.AD_username -Replace @{thumbnailPhoto=([byte[]](Get-Content $_.Photo -Encoding byte))}}
How to Export a User Photo from Active Directory to a JPG File?
You can save an AD user photo to a graphic file. To do it, select the user using the Get-ADUser cmdlet:
$ADuser = Get-ADUser john.smith -Properties thumbnailPhoto
And save the contents of thumbnailPhoto attribute to a JPG file:
$ADuser.thumbnailPhoto | Set-Content c:\PS\john.smith.jpg -Encoding byte
Using the following PowerShell script, you can export photos of all users from a specific container (OU) to files:
Import-Module ActiveDirectory
$ADusers= Get-ADUser -Filter * -SearchBase "OU=Users,OU=NYC,DC=contoso,DC=com" -Properties thumbnailPhoto | ? {$_.thumbnailPhoto}
foreach ($ADuser in $ADusers) {
$name = $ADuser.SamAccountName + ".jpg"
$ADuser.thumbnailPhoto | Set-Content $name -Encoding byte
}
And finally, there are some useful queries. The first one allows to select all users having a photo in the thumbnailPhoto AD attribute:
Get-ADUser -Filter * -properties thumbnailPhoto | ? {$_.thumbnailPhoto} | select Name
The second allows you to find users without a photo:
Get-ADUser -Filter * -properties thumbnailPhoto | ? {(-not($_.thumbnailPhoto))} | select Name
Adding a Photo Tab to the Active Directory Users & Computers Console
If you don't like PowerShell, you can use the graphical (GUI) tools to manage photos of Active Directory users. There are a number of third-party tools that allow to set photos for AD users in more convenient graphic editors. However, the functionality of such tools is redundant, and there are certain risks of using third-party software to edit AD.
I most often suggest using the small library AdExt.dll, which adds a separate tab for adding a photo directly to the ADUC console.
You can download the AdExt.dll library here — AdExt-dll-ADUC.zip
To install the library, run the elevated command prompt and go to the directory with the .Net Framework binaries:
 - For x86 Windows: cd %WinDir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727
 - For x64 Windows: cd %WinDir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319
The paths may differ depending on the versions of the .Net Framework installed.
Install the library with the command:
InstallUtil.exe c:\ps\ad\AdExt.dll
install adext.dl


text:
Pictor is a constellation located in the Southern Celestial Hemisphere, which can be found between the star Canopus and the Large Magellanic Cloud. The name of the constellation means Painter in Latin and is an abbreviation of the older name of the constellation Equuleus Pictoris. In Latin, Equuleus Pictoris means the "painter's easel."
Normally represented as an easel in the nights sky, Pictor was named by Abbé Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille in the 18th century. The constellation's brightest star is Alpha Pictoris, which is a white main-sequence star located about 97 light-years away from Earth.
Pictor has attracted attention because of its second-brightest star Beta Pictoris, which is 63.4 light-years distant from Earth. Beta Pictoris has been observed to be surrounded by an unusual dust disk rich in carbon, as well as an exoplanet. An additional five stars in the constellation have been observed to have planets.
As a result of its location in the Southern Celestial Hemisphere, Pictor can be visible to observers south of latitude 26°N, and parts are circumpolar south of latitude 35°S.
|Visibility In Pacific Northwest||Not Visible|
|Best Times To View||Not Visible|
|Right Ascension||4.53h – 6.85h|
|Declination||−43° – −64°|
|Area||247 square degrees|
|Brightest Object||α Pic|
|Neighboring Constellations||Caelum, Carina, Columba, Dorado, Puppis, Volans|
The French astronomer Abbé Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille first described Pictor as le Chevalet et la Palette, which means the easel and palette in French in 1756. This was during Lacaille's 2 year stay in the Cape of Good Hope, during which time that he observed and catalogued 10,000 southern stars. During this time, he devised 14 new constellations in uncharted regions of the Southern Celestial Hemisphere not visible from Europe, which included Pictor. 10 stars in Pictor were given Bayer designations, now named Alpha to Nu Pictoris.
Lacaille labelled the constellation Equuleus Pictorius on his 1763 chart, with the word "Equuleus" meaning small horse, or easel. The German astronomer Johann Bode called it Pluteum Pictoris. The name was shortened to its current form in 1845 by the English astronomer Francis Baily on the suggestion of his countryman Sir John Herschel.
Pictor is a faint constellation; its three brightest stars can be seen near the prominent Canopus. Within the constellation's borders, there are 49 stars brighter than or equal to apparent magnitude 6.5.
NGC 1705 is an irregular dwarf galaxy 17 million light-years from Earth. It is one of the most active star forming galaxies in the nearby universe. Pictor A, around 485 million light-years away, is a double-lobed radio galaxy and a powerful source of radio waves in the Southern Celestial Hemisphere.
GRB 060729 was a gamma-ray burst that was first observed on 29 July 2006. It is likely the signal of a type Ic supernova—the core collapse of a massive star.
 = Ridpath, Ian (1988). "Pictor". Star Tales.


text:
This modeling working group provides the following modeling supports for the upcoming SMILE mission.
1. Grand modeling challenge: MHD model comparison and SXI requirements/goals
- unify the X-ray calculation method (same neutral density model, background, etc),
- check the model-to-model difference on SWCX signals and on the boundary locations (bow shock, magnetopause, and cusp)
- provide the MHD point of view on the range of X-ray signal strength.
- provide the range of the expected boundary locations under various solar wind flux.
- give a unified voice on the science requirements and goals (how high solar wind flux is needed to find the boundaries within 0.5RE resolution for 5 mins, or 0.2 RE resolution for 1 min?)
2. Boundary tracing from SXI data
- select one exemplary simulation results to test the boundary tracing techniques.
- test Anderson & Tianran (AT)'s magnetopause tracing method by using the SXI specification (orbit, field-of-view, backgrounds, noise, etc)
- test Michael & Hyunju (MH)'s magnetopause tracing method by using the same SXI specification.
- check validity of each methods and understand the pros and cons (I think both of our techniques can create synergy, validating each other's results.)
- prepare a programing tool for the SXI data analysis
- develop and validate the tracing methods for other boundaries (bow shock and cusps)
3. Other science projects:
- investigate if small magnetosheath signatures such as HSJ are visible in the soft X-rays.
- investigate the magnetosphere - ionosphere coupling using Soft X-ray and aurora images


text:
You have already read about the recording in Venice. Now that the work is finished, we can share a closer look at the whole process.
The surveys were done near Jesolo – a famous seaside resort known for its abundant holiday facilities and a 15-kilometre (9 mi) beach called Lido di Jesolo. At the height of its touristic life, Jesolo hosts 6 million tourists per year. Traffic data in the area are fundamental.
ESSEOTTO Engineering was interested in a deep analysis in the field of road safety and road traffic on rural roads in Province of Venice. This first test concentrated on various types of intersections: T-intersection and a small roundabout. They didn't want to only survey traffic (counting and classification) but also many other parameters such as: speeds, acceleration, time, distance and other parameters fundamental for road safety. Only DataFromSky is capable of helping them – there is no other way to collect all of this data comprehensively.
Let's take a look at the places of recording.
Small roundabout – Caposile
The first intersection is a typical Italian compact roundabout in front of the urban area. Here, interactions with other type of road users than just cars can take place. Since the speeds are lower than at other types of intersections, in this case the objects of study were roundabout angle deviation and trajectories arising from interaction with pedestrians.
T-intersection – Portegrandi
The second is a typical T-intersection between two rural roads: a primary road and a secondary road with a stop signal. The main issues are the speeds on the primary road and the conflict points on turn-left manoeuvres from primary road.
A date was selected and the engineers from TAU could finally come and do their thing – fly their blimp and record a video of the traffic. The recording was from height of 40-70 meters and gathered a total of 4.5 hours or 270 minutes of traffic footage for analysis.
The weather was very severe, and in fact a storm warning was issued for the day. The blimp rocked wildly in the winds, turning to and fro madly. Despite that, the recording could be stabilized in-software and used. The height to which the blimp was allowed to rise was limited by the weather, too. Fortunately, both of the sites were completely kept in view of the camera all the time, so there wasn't any problem with processing.
A lot of interesting data was gathered in a short space of time. Thanks to these surveys, ESSEOTTO Engineering is now able to analyse the infrastructure with more efficiency.
- Road traffic and OD matrix
- Thanks to the field of vision, granted by vantage point above the intersections, we are able to detect every vehicle and know its destination, with 100% accuracy.
- Road safety analysis
- ESSEOTTO engineers are studying trajectories and driver behaviour to understand incorrect manoeuvres and improve intersections' road safety.
- Road design
- A new concept of infrastructure design is growing – allowed by the rich data available with DataFromSky. Thanks to geometric parameters such as angle deviation, lane occupancy, speed profile and much more, a traffic engineer can carry out new designs with better accuracy and data firmly grounded in reality.


text:
BUY PLUM HEADED PARAKEET PARROTS ONLINE FOR SALE
PLUM-HEADED PARAKEET PARROTS is a species of the parrot family, native to the Indian Subcontinent. This dimorphic species is usually seen living in flocks with the males possessing a redhead, a black stripe on the chin, and a black neck collar. The females, on the other hand, have a characteristic bluish-gray head, and the black collar is replaced with yellow.
|Scientific Name||Psittacula cyanocephala|
Their pleasant nature makes them tolerant to other birds when housed together in aviaries. However, like other parakeet species, they can become aggressive during breeding seasons. Although these intelligent birds often learn to imitate short whistling tunes, their talking ability is inferior to the larger parrot species. In captivity, they have an initial shyness and timidity, which can be dealt with with good persistent training and regular interaction. Despite being sociable, they do not like to be cuddled by their owners.
The Plum Headed parakeet is mostly similar to the other members of its family. The adults reach an average length of 13 inches (33 centimeters), with a remarkably long tail that grows up to 9 inches (22 centimeters) in length. This is the distinctive trait share by all parakeets. With a moderate wingspan and this long tail, this parrot needs plenty of space. Free flight is encouraged to help them exercise and vent out their energy.


text:
Vivotif Oral Patient Information including How Should I Take
In this Article
- What is typhoid vaccine (Vivotif Oral)?
- What are the possible side effects of typhoid vaccine (Vivotif Oral)?
- What is the most important information I should know about typhoid vaccine (Vivotif Oral)?
- What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before receiving typhoid vaccine (Vivotif Oral)?
- How is typhoid vaccine given (Vivotif Oral)?
- What happens if I miss a dose (Vivotif Oral)?
- What happens if I overdose (Vivotif Oral)?
- What should I avoid before or after getting typhoid vaccine (Vivotif Oral)?
- What other drugs will affect typhoid vaccine (Vivotif Oral)?
- Where can I get more information?
What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before receiving typhoid vaccine (Vivotif Oral)?
Typhoid vaccine should not be used in a person who is a typhoid carrier.
You should not receive this vaccine if you have ever had an allergic reaction to typhoid vaccine in the past, or if you have:
- fever with any type of infection or illness;
- a weak immune system caused by disease such as HIV/AIDS or cancer; or
- a weak immune system caused by using certain medicines such as chemotherapy.
You may not be able to receive this vaccine if you have:
- stomach flu or any illness with vomiting or diarrhea;
- if you are taking an antibiotic, especially a sulfa drug such as sulfasalazine (Azulfidine, Sulfazine), sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Cotrim, Septra, SMX-TMP), or sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin); or
- if you plan to start taking an anti-malaria medication within 10 days after receiving a typhoid oral vaccine.
You can still receive a vaccine if you have a minor cold. In the case of a more severe illness with a fever or any type of infection, the doctor may ask you to wait until you get better before you can receive the vaccine.
Vaccines may be harmful to an unborn baby and generally should not be given to a pregnant woman. However, not vaccinating the mother could be more harmful to the baby if the mother becomes infected with a disease that this vaccine could prevent. Your doctor will decide whether you should receive this vaccine, especially if you have a high risk of infection with typhoid.
It is not known whether typhoid vaccine passes into breast milk, or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not receive this vaccine without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.
How is typhoid vaccine given (Vivotif Oral)?
Typhoid vaccine is recommended for adults and children in the following situations:
- people who travel to countries where typhoid fever is common;
- people who will have long-term exposure to food or water that may be contaminated with typhoid;
- people who live with someone who is a typhoid carrier; and
- laboratory workers who may come into contact with Salmonella typhi in a work setting.
The typhoid oral vaccine is given in a series of 4 capsules that are taken 1 per day on alternating days (days 1, 3, 5, and 7). On this alternating-day schedule, you will take 1 capsule every 48 hours for 7 days. You must take each capsule according to the recommended schedule for this vaccine to be effective.
You should complete all doses at least 1 week before your scheduled travel or possible exposure to typhoid.
You must keep typhoid vaccine capsules cold when not in use. Once you receive the capsules from your doctor or pharmacy, take them directly home and place them in the refrigerator. Keep each capsule in the foil blister pack in the refrigerator until you are ready to take it. Do not allow the capsules to freeze.
Take the capsule on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before a meal.
Swallow the capsule as quickly as possible after placing it in your mouth. Take with a full glass of cold or lukewarm water or other beverage. Do not use warm or hot drinks such as coffee, tea, or warm milk. The liquid you use to help swallow the typhoid vaccine capsule should not be warmer than your body temperature (98.6 degrees F).
Do not crush, chew, or break a typhoid vaccine capsule. Swallow the pill whole. The enteric-coated pill has a special coating to release the vaccine slowly into your body. Breaking the pill could damage this coating.
The complete series of 4 vaccine capsules should provide protection against typhoid for up to 5 years. Another series of 4 capsules is then recommended every 5 years during possible exposure to typhoid. Your individual booster schedule may be different from these guidelines. Follow your doctor's instructions or the schedule recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Be sure you receive all recommended doses of this vaccine. If you do not receive the full series of capsules every 5 years during continued exposure, you may not be fully protected against the disease.
Wash your hands often to help prevent typhoid when you are in an area where contamination is possible.
Additional Vivotif Oral Information
Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration
Find out what women really need.


What Makes A Good Standoff Insulator?
Arrangement of standoff insulator sizes over a low voltage switchgear assembly background
A standoff insulator comes in a multitude of shapes, sizes, and colours. As a result, determining what key properties to look for when purchasing insulators can be tricky.
We have identified 3 key pieces of data for exceptional standoff insulators for low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies:
We shall explore what each point means and why it is important.
Insert Strength
Standoff insulators are not just electrically insulating parts, they are also load-bearing components. The strength of the threaded insert assists in supporting important parts of your assembly, such as busbars.
Tensile and torque testing are the two main methods for determining the strength of an insert. Cantilever testing is another method; however, it has less of an impact on the overall strength of the insert. These values are significant because the last thing you want in a busbar assembly is for low-quality steel inserts to fail when bolts are tightened or when subjected to severe mechanical forces.
Photograph of a low voltage standoff insulator subjected to tensile forces via Termate testing apparatus
Tensile testing subjects the insulator to extreme stress and strain via stretching. Torque testing is a method of assessing how an insert will behave when the fixing is tightened. By attaching the testing apparatus to the inserts of the insulator, it can simulate the forces that an insulator's inserts may experience during normal operation. The values of these tests are included within data as maximum tightening torque and tensile strength.
Stainless steel and brass are widely used materials for standoff insulator inserts and both materials can provide good mechanical strength. Brass inserts provide excellent corrosion resistance, whilst steel requires plating to be corrosion resistant and the plating should be salt spray tested. Insulators with corrosion-resistant materials are beneficial for a variety of industries, such as outdoor green energy and offshore oil and gas.
Material Durability
The electrical insulation provided by the insulator's body material is equally important. The rated impulse voltage (Uimp), insulation voltage (Ui), and operating voltage (Ue) are three important values you should take note of.
If an insulator is suitable for applications up to 1000V AC and 1500V DC, it is suitable for low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies because it meets the requirements of relevant clauses in the assembly's standard; BS EN IEC 61439.
The body material of the insulator must be tested extensively before use in its intended application. The insulator as a whole must be subjected to tensile, torque, and cantilever testing to measure its mechanical strength, as the material the insulator is made from may break and cease to function as intended.
Glow wire testing example conducted on a plastic sample
Heat resistance to continuous operating (conductor) temperatures and abnormal heat is also crucial. Flammability tests, like glow wire tests, can help determine a material's flammability rating in accordance with UL 94. A rating, such as UL94 V-0, identifies that a material is able to self-extinguish within 10 seconds with no inflamed droplets if the material melts.
Testing History
Standoff insulators are versatile components that can be used in more than one application. They do not have a specific product standard of their own, so insulators should meet the requirements of relevant clauses in that application's product standard, such as those in BS EN IEC 61439. The testing history should provide you with confidence that the insulators will meet the required ratings when correctly installed in your assemblies.
Manufacturers can send standoff insulator samples to third-party laboratories, or they can test in-house if they have appropriate testing equipment, to understand the capability of the insulator range. Normally a safety margin would be incorporated into the published data to account for minor material and manufacturing tolerances. We can provide customers with a declaration of rating based on this.
About Our Standoff Insulators
Arrangement of low voltage standoff insulators with different heights, widths and inserts sizes, suitable for switchgear and controlgear assemblies
Our low voltage standoff insulators within our range have been expertly, independently, and rigorously tested to ensure suitability for your assemblies. We manufacture our plastic insulators with close dimensional tolerances from a flame retardant, UL94-V0 rated material. Every standoff insulator within our range includes high-quality brass inserts with female threading. They provide high arc resistance and can withstand moisture and heat.
For easy-to-access data, you can view the complete technical information for our standoff insulators.
Leave a comment
Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *
Share:
More Posts


defined per serial number6 Long timeout value 1 byte maximum 1E (in seconds)7 Short timeout value 1 byte (in 1/10 maximum 0A seconds)8 Max. number of 1 byte (default value 00 ifdisks this jukebox feature is not used).______________________________________
Herein, the short timeout is defined as the maximum time allowed between the sending of a command byte and the receipt of a response byte by the controller. The long timeout is defined as the maximum time allowed between the initiation of a command to the end of the command, where the end of a command is defined as the start of read data, attention asserting, or the end of a seek. This timeout also supplies to spin up and spin down commands.
If within a number of minutes (e.g. 15 min) no command or data output action is issued the drive motor will spin down and the laser will shut off. Read status is a command consisting of 1 command byte (3A) and a number of request bytes (9C). The drive normally echoes the command bytes and responds to the requested byte with the subsequent status byte. The number of response bytes is smaller than or equal to the maximum number. This command does not change any status byte. A "clear error" command is required to clear the error status indications. Drive error codes are not overwritten by subsequent errors. Status packet information may be for example, as follows:
______________________________________0 Reserved for unit number, which may for each drive bepreset by a so-called DIP switch, which can be manuallyactuated.1-4 Last drive command packet that has been given.5, bitExecution status (0=executed, 1=in execution).bit 1Execution result (0=no error, 1=error).bit 2Spun up (0=not spun up, 1=spun up).bit 3Drive not ready (1=not ready, 0=ready).bit 4Door has been opened (1=opened).bit 5Locked (door)bit Reserved (always 0).6-76-7 Drive error code in hexadecimal notation:00 = no error02 = illegal sector address03 = sync error04 = seek error05 = track error06 = end of disk08 = focus error (or no disk mounted)09 = illegal disk0B = ROM error0C = RAM error0D = disk not readable0E = hard reset normally complete0F = operator requested spin down10 = selected disk not present (jukebox only)13 = unit number changed14 = radial error15 = time out due to inactivity time out16 = operator requested spin up17 = reserved18 = subcode error19 = start address larger than end addressCommunication error code (in hexadecimal)01 = illegal command code07 = parity error command line0A = communication error11 = bad parameter byte12 = invalid command (command received while attentionasserted)8-10 Last valid sector address (specified in 1/75 th seconds,seconds and minutes (two BCD digits each)) or end of discaddress (after an illegal sector address). (Not valid ifdisk is spun down).11 Selected disk number.______________________________________
Whenever a status byte 6 or 7 changes from "no error" to "error", attention is asserted.
This byte of the status packet contains the current drive status.
Bit assignements are: 7, 6 always zero; 5 locked; 4 door open; 3 drive not ready; 2 spun up; 1 error; 0 execution
Status of a drive command: 0=done/1=in execution.
Error: Indicates whether or not an error has occurred since the last clear errors command. This bit is set to 1 by all drive error conditions, and asserts attention. When an error occurs, the current sector number is latches into the last valid sector address field of the status packet until the next "clear errors" command resets the error bit to zero.
The following commands and drive status changes set "attention" and an error code when they complete, but do not set the error bit: spin up, spin down, spin down due to inactivity timeout, reset complete, and unit number changed.
Spun up: indicates that the drive is spun up with a sufficient rotary speed. 0=not spun up, 1=spun up.
Drive not ready: asserts when the drive door is closed and there is a disk properly inserted in the drive. The disk does not have to be spinning for this bit to be set. 0=ready, 1=not ready.
Drive door open: asserts when the drive door is opened, and remains set until the drive door is closed and a "clear errors" command is received. Attention is set on the assertion of this bit. If a "clear errors" is received while the drive door is open, attention will clear, but this bit will remain set.
"Clear errors" (4E) is used to clear the error indications in the status packet byte 6, 7 and bit 1 of byte 5, except such attention that is used for data errors. This is the only command that clears errors. This command uses no parameter bytes. Errors must be cleared and attention deasserted before the drive returns the handshake byte for the command.
The "seek" command (59) is used to seek to the specified sector number and enters hold track mode that is the spiral track is not followed, but upon each revolution a reverse jump is executed. This operation therefore continually accesses the same winding of the track. There are three parameter bytes used for a seek, with the low order sector number byte in parameter byte 0. An attempt to seek beyond the last sector number on the disk will cause "attention" to assert and terminate the seek and the last valid sector address of the disk is placed in the last valid sector address (byte 8-10 of status) and "attention" is asserted. This command is aborted by receipt of any other drive command by the drive. There is no explicit completion indication for the seek command. This command is used to allow repositioning for a reread during error processing, and overlapping seeks. The "read" command supersedes the "seek" command cleanly without any error indicatios for this to be possible. This command may not be used when attention is asserted. "Seek" implies, if necessary, a spin up, attention is not asserted.
Spin up disk (63) is used to spin up a disk loaded in the drive. This command uses no parameter bytes. The drive will spin up the disk and seek to a fixed position of the disk. If the disk is already spun up, the drive will treat the spin up as a recalibrate command (optical head goes to the fixed position on the disk). Attention will assert at the completion of the spin up sequence. It may not be issued when attention is asserted.
Spin down disk (74) is used to spin down a disk loaded in the drive. This command uses no parameter bytes. "Attention" will assert on initiating of the spin down. It may not be issued when attention is asserted.
Disk select (813) specifies which disk (less than or equal to maximum number of disks) to use on the selected drive. This command is meaningful only with a "Jukebox" type drive, which can select from an internal library of disks. The disk select command uses one parameter byte. Parameter byte 0 contains the disk number. A drive without this capability should respond to this command with an illegal command error. This command may not be issued when error is asserted. The maximum disk number allowable is contained in the package sent to the controller by the read characteristics command. If a disk number not present in the library is requested the drive should respond with a selected "disk not present" error.
Read audio (B1) operates in the same way as "read data" but operates on the audio address code which reside in the audio subcode (not in a specific fields of the sector).
Seek audio (C5) in the same way as command seek data (59).
Lock/unlock (D2) operates to lock/unlock the disk compartment of the drive by activating/deactivating an electromagnet not further shown.
FIG. 5 gives a byte sequence timing diagram, by way of example. Six byres are shown, each byte being associated with eight clock pulses on clock line 50. The data is valid on the rising clock edges. No data content has been shown for simplicity. Beneath these two traces "data" and "data clock" four different examples are given for contingent occurrencies of the "attention" signal. Also, the relation between attention as following the final upgoing clock edge related to a data byte is shown. In example 1 a flag is asserted on byte 2. In example 2 a flag is asserted on byte 3. In example 3 a flag is asserted on bytes 3, 4 and 5. Thus, the attention is asserted at the final clock pulse of the foregoing byte and dissappears on the final clock pulse of the actual byte. In the fourth example the attention is asserted asynchronously by the microprocessor. This will be switched off when command 4E (=clear errors) is sent by the host controller to the drive apparatus. In case of error flags occurring on the "attention" line, these will only switched off after the eighth and sixteenth rising edge of an eight bit clock pulse packet. The same applies to a switching-on event.
Patent Citations
Cited PatentFiling datePublication dateApp


text:
The Zoo's three olive baboon babies are now 16 months old and have started to develop some great talents! Because of their constant curiosity and motivation, the baboon babies have learned how to paint and partake in the University of Rochester cognitive research study.
So how do you teach a baboon to paint? Cheerios were placed underneath the door frame, shown in the picture to the right, behind a dot of paint. In order to get to the Cheerio, the baboons had to reach under the door frame and pull towards them. Every time they "finger painted," a Cheerio was given as a reward. Once this concept was figured out, getting paint on them and everywhere else was fun!
Baby baboon Pico de Limon, shown in the picture to the left, was the first baby to join the study with the University of Rochester that many of our adult baboons have been working on for the last two years. He is progressing very quickly, learning that choosing the cup that held the most peanuts meant that he got to eat them! In just a few weeks, he now has three cups placed on the board and has been able to choose successfully that three peanuts going into one cup is more than one peanut going into another.
We are very excited to see what level his counting skills are at compared to the adults as well as getting some insight as to what age these skills start to develop.
- Jenna Bovee, Zoo Keeper


Launch the Task Manager and locate the Microsoft Management Console in the Processes tab.
Alternatively, navigate to the Details tab, right-click on mmc.exe and select Open file location.
Note: You may find multiple instances of mmc.exe listed in the Task Manager. This means that multiple system processes are actively using the management console. We recommended checking the file location for all instances of the process in the Task Manager.
That will open a new File Explorer window; click the address bar to reveal the file path/location.
If the mmc.exe file isn't located in the C:\Windows\System32 folder, it could be a virus.
2. Check the MMC.exe File Signature
Another way to confirm the authenticity of the mmc.exe file is to check the digital signature. Launch the Task Manager and go to the Details tab. Right-click on mmc.exe and select Properties.
Take note of the file's copyright. If it doesn't read Microsoft Corporation, the mmc.exe file on your PC isn't genuine.
You should scan your PC with Windows Defender but the truth is that Windows Defender is not enough; it often fails to detect certain viruses and malware, especially if they have similar names as genuine system files. Run the mmc.exe file through an antivirus if you have one. Refer to this guide on removing malware with free tools on Windows computers.
Fix MMC.exe Errors
If your computer throws errors like "Microsoft Management Console has stopped working" or "This app (mmc.exe) has been blocked for your protection", you should confirm that the mmc.exe file isn't malicious (see the section above).
If the file is in the C:\Windows\System32 folder, signed by Microsoft Corporation, and marked by your antivirus software as safe, try the following troubleshooting steps to eliminate the errors.
1. Run the Check Disk Utility
Windows may fail to run the Microsoft Management Console if the mmc.exe file is corrupt. The Check Disk tool can fix the file; it scans all the protected system files on your computer and fixes any corrupt file.
Right-click on the Start button and select Command Prompt (Admin).
Paste the command below in the console and press Enter.
chkdsk C: /r
Restart your computer when the disk scan is complete.
2. Run the System File Checker (SFC)
SFC is another great tool built into the Windows operating system for fixing system file corruption and other related issues. Launch Command Prompt as an administrator, paste the command below in the console, and press Enter.
DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Restorehealth
This command performs cleanup and recovery operations on the operating system. In addition, it scans your PC for corrupt files and attempts to fix them.
When Command Prompt executes the command above, paste the command below in the console and press Enter.
sfc /scannow
Restart your computer and check if your PC can now run the Microsoft Management Console without error.
3. Disable SmartScreen
The Windows SmartScreen is a tool designed to prevent your computer from potential malicious code and apps. It works by scanning a program against Microsoft's database of (recognized) apps and programs. While the tool indeed blocks harmful services from running on your computer, it erroneously flags harmless software as malware.
If your PC keeps blocking mmc.exe, try disabling SmartScreen. Before you do so, however, make sure you scan the mmc.exe file with an antivirus tool to confirm that it's legitimate and safe.
 Go to Settings > Update & Security > Windows Security > App & browser control and set the Check apps & files option to Off.
[10-disable-smartscreen-windows-10.png]
Safeguard Your Computer
To sum it all up, mmc.exe is a vital program required by other system management tools to function correctly on your Windows computer. Like every other Windows system process, it is safe; removing it from your computer could destabilize dependent apps and programs.
However, if you find that the mmc.exe file is a virus, you should delete it immediately. Afterward, reset your computer to reinstall the executable file.
]]>
_URL_ 0
What Is Lockapp.exe in Windows 10 and Is It Safe? _URL_ _URL_ Ben Stockton]]> Mon, 01 Mar 2021 23:00:00 +0000 _URL_
When you switch on a Windows PC, a number of hidden system services and processes kick into action. These processes determine how Windows appears on your screen, how your device […]]]>
When you switch on a Windows PC, a number of hidden system services and processes kick into action. These processes determine how Windows appears on your screen, how your device connects to your local network, how you access connected devices, sign into Windows, and more. Without them, your PC won't work.
One of the more unusual processes that you'll see in Windows 10 is the lockapp.exe process. This isn't just any old executable file, as lockapp.exe is responsible for drawing part of the lock screen (the screen you'll see before you sign in). If you're curious to learn more about this system process, here's what you'll need to know.
What Is lockapp.exe and Is It Safe?
When you first load your Windows 10 PC, you won't immediately see a sign in prompt—you'll see a background, a clock, and the date, as well as any other status items you've added, including your network connectivity and battery levels. This is the lock screen, which is nothing more than a glamorous splash screen for your PC.
The lockapp.exe process is what generates and controls this screen. It doesn't do much else and shouldn't really cause much trouble to your system. While some users have reported high CPU and RAM usage from time to time, this is very much an unusual situation, as lockapp.exe shouldn't use much during normal usage.
When you sign in, lockapp.exe should be dormant or hidden, waiting until you lock your PC or sign out again. As a genuine system process, lockapp.exe is entirely safe, but in the rare event that malware is masquerading on your system with the same file name, you can check if it's genuine by using the steps below.
Can lockapp.exe Cause High CPU, RAM or Other High System Resource Usage?
In normal usage, the lockapp.exe process should use a very limited amount of your system resources—we're talking a few megabytes of RAM here and there. CPU usage is also likely to be limited during the sign-in process, and should be zero once you've signed in.
This is because lockapp.exe is either in "suspended" mode once you sign in (meaning it isn't actively running) or it's stopped and hidden completely. You can check this yourself using the Task Manager, but it should be the same for all Windows 10 users.
Troubleshooting lockapp.exe Issues on Windows 10
However, there are reports online that lockapp.exe causes some CPU and RAM issues. This is unusual and could be caused by a bug or corrupt system files. If you suspect your system files are corrupted, you can run the System File Checker (SFC) tool.
 1. To do this, right-click the Start menu and select the Windows PowerShell (Admin) option.
 1. In the new PowerShell window, type sfc /scannow and select the Enter key on your keyboard.
The SFC tool will take some time to complete a scan of your system. If it detects any corrupt files, it'll use a reserved snapshot of your system files to restore them. You may need to restart your PC once this is done.
If SFC doesn't detect corrupt files, but your system is out-of-date, you might be missing out on important bug fixes. To resolve this, you'll need to check for any updates.
 1. You can check for updates in Windows Settings. Right-click the Start menu and select Settings to open this menu.
 1. In the Windows Settings menu, you'll need to select Update & Security > Windows Update to view your update options. If there are any available updates, select the appropriate option to download and install them. Otherwise, select Check for Updates to begin a search.
If there are any available system updates, follow the on-screen instructions to download and install them, then restart your PC to apply them in full. While this isn't guaranteed to resolve any issues with the lock screen overlay, it will ensure you have the most recent available bug fixes installed.
How to Disable lockapp.exe on Windows 10
While lockapp.exe is a system process, it isn't as important as dwm.exe and other critical processes. Disabling it will take you straight to the login prompt.
 1. To disable the lockapp.exe process, you'll need to create a new Windows Registry entry. To do this, right-click the Start menu and select Run.
 1. In the Run dialog box, type regedit, then select OK.
 1. Using the registry editor, locate the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\


text:
Environmental quality in urban forests in Campinas – São Paulo State/Brazil
Free (open access)
Volume 2 (2019), Issue 2
117 - 130
Regina Marcia Longo, Alessandra Leite Da Silva, Sueli Do Carmo Bettine, Antonio Carlos Demanboro, Adriano Bressane, Felipe Hashimoto Fengler & Admilson Irio Riberio
The process of ecosystem fragmentation causes three types of changes in the ecosystem: changes of abiotic, direct biotic and indirect biotic nature. Among these changes, some of them are the microclimatic alterations, edge effect, decrease of the gene flow and losses of biodiversity, among others. In this way, the present study aimed to evaluate the environmental quality of forest remnants in a highly urbanized area through environmental indicators and landscape metrics, such as total area, circularity index, shape of forest fragments, nuclear area, connectivity between them, use and occupation around and distance from the nearest neighbor. The indicators were evaluated according to the methodologies established in the literature and grouped into an index to determine the environmental quality of each forest remnant. The index consisted of the sum of the weighted values for each indicator, according to its classification. The results indicate that most forest remnants evaluated in the study area present medium environmental quality, which demonstrates the degree of edge effect to which they are submitted, and this emphasizes the need for appropriate management actions in these areas, in order to soften such external pressures and ensure long-term sustainability. In addition, it was also identified that the metrics related to the area are essentially important for the determination of the environmental quality of forest remnants.
environmental indicators, forest remnants