Take the 2-minute tour ×
I know I can do this in JavaScript:
RequestDate: {
 '0' : 'previous_activity_date',
 '1': 'next_activity_date'
And I can do this:
this.RequestDate = {};
this.RequestDate[App.FORWARD] = 'next_activity_date';
this.RequestDate[App.BACK] = 'previous_activity_date';
Is there a way of making the following work:
RequestDate: {
 App.Back : 'previous_activity_date',
 App.Forward: 'next_activity_date'
The above obviously errors, is there a way to make it work?
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2 Answers
As you have noticed, you can write this:
RequestDate = {};
RequestDate[App.Back] = 'previous_activity_date';
RequestDate[App.Forward] = 'next_activity_date';
But the javascript syntax does not allow an expression before the : of the JSON notation.
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How is that different to the OP? – RobG Jun 14 '12 at 9:01
Well that was different by the time i Wrote the anwser. I guess that OP improved the question... ;=) – Samuel Rossille Jun 14 '12 at 9:15
The moving finger, having writ… what… you CAN change it? Damn!! – RobG Jun 14 '12 at 23:58
add comment
Short answer: no. You can only have literal keys in the object literal. Your own solution is the best one if you want to use constants.
11.1.5 Object Initialiser
An object initialiser is an expression describing the initialisation of an Object, written in a form resembling a literal. It is a list of zero or more pairs of property names and associated values, enclosed in curly braces. The values need not be literals; they are evaluated each time the object initialiser is evaluated.
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text:
Non-Contact and Contact Ultrasonic Detection of Fiber Orientation in Orthotropic Composite Laminates
Since layup orientation of the laminates greatly influences its properties, an NDE technique for layup orientation determination would be very beneficial. It is desirable to perform contact-less nondestructive evaluation to assess material properties and defects of composites because of permeation of coupling medium such as water. An ultrasonic technique would be very useful, which could be used to test the part after and before curing laminates and requires less time than the optical test. First of all, conventional ultrasonic experimentations were conducted using water as a transmitting medium. In contrast, air-coupled ultrasound is non-contact and has clear advantages over water-coupled testing. Therefore ultrasonic systems for air-coupled and conventional ultrasound were set out for different measurement modalities for acquiring ultrasonic signals as a function of in-plane azimuthal angle. Firstly, a manual scanner was built for making transmission measurements using a pair of normal-incidence shear wave transducers to find the effect of fiber misorientations of orthotropic composite laminates. With the transmitter and receiver on the same side of a laminates, Lamb waves were generated and used for the amplitude magnitude. As a result, it was confirmed that the influence of fiber direction in the laminates could be detected by the non-contacting or contacting inspection from one-side and the detectability was improved by using shaped tube for reducing the specular reflection on transmitting. Furthermore, a vector decomposition model was utilized for lay-up error of the orthotropic laminates. Finally, aircoupled results well corresponded somewhat to those of contact ultrasonic examination in the orthotropic laminates.
M.H. Aliabadi, Qingfen Li, Li Li and F.-G. Buchholz
I. Y. Yang et al., "Non-Contact and Contact Ultrasonic Detection of Fiber Orientation in Orthotropic Composite Laminates", Key Engineering Materials, Vols. 324-325, pp. 419-422, 2006

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Splunk Cloud
Search Manual
Acrobat logo Download manual as PDF
Acrobat logo Download topic as PDF
About event grouping and correlation
Event correlation is finding relationships between seemingly unrelated events in data from multiple sources to answer questions like, "how far apart in time did a specific set of events occur?" or "what's the total amount of time it took for a transaction to complete?"
Splunk software supports event correlations using time and geographic location, transactions, sub-searches, field lookups, and joins.
 - Identify relationships based on the time proximity or geographic location of the events. Use this correlation in any security or operations investigation, where you might need to see all or any subset of events that take place over a given time period or location.
 - Track a series of related events, which may come from separate IT systems and data sources, together as a single transaction. Identify the amount of time it took to complete the transaction and the number of events within a single transaction.
 - Use a sub-search to take the results of one search and use them in another. Create conditional searches, where you see the results of a search only if the sub-search meets certain thresholds.
 - Correlate your data to external sources with lookups.
 - Use SQL-like inner and outer joins to link two completely different data sets together based on one or more common fields.
This chapter discusses three methods for correlating or grouping events:
You can also use field lookups and other features of the search language. Depending on your search criteria and how you want to define your groupings, you may be able to use a search command, such as append, associate, contingency, join, or stats. Sometimes, there is no single command that you can use.
If you're not sure where to start, the following flow chart can help you decide whether to use a lookup, define a transaction, or try another search command to define your event grouping.
Search event grouping flowchart.png
In most cases, you can accomplish more with the stats command or the transaction command; and these are recommended over using the join and append commands. You can read more about when to use stats and transaction in the topic "About transactions" later in this chapter. You can also read more about the stats commands in the "Calculate Statistics" chapter of this manual.
Note: The information for this diagram was provided by Nick Mealy.
Last modified on 31 May, 2016
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This documentation applies to the following versions of Splunk Cloud: 7.0.13, 7.2.4, 7.2.6, 7.2.7, 7.2.8, 7.2.9, 7.2.10, 8.0.2006, 8.0.2007, 8.1.2008, 8.1.2009, 8.1.2011
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text:
Interpreter for Zoom Language
Zoom language is new language developed at DePaul University by Dr. Jia. ZOOM
stands for Z-based Object Oriented Modeling notation. It's made up of 3
different parts: zoom specification notations ZOOM-S, zoom design notation
ZOOM-D and zoom implementation language ZOOM-I. The syntax of ZOOM-I is closely
based on syntax of java language. It adds several extensions to java language
such as enumerations, set and list formations, relations and function mappings
and more. Programming language design is a challenging task. Development and
testing of first implementation of the language is much easier and flexible done
by implementing an interpreter. Changes to static or dynamic semantics of a
language are more easily done in interpreter than compiler.
My project is to implement interpreter for the ZOOM-I language. The interpreter is going to be GUI application with easy development of zoom programs.
working on basic statements and expressions of Zoom-I langauge.
- 5/11/03: basic java statements and expressions for primitive types
- 5/19/03: extended expressions for List declaration and manipulation
- 5/26/03: extended expressions for Set declaration and manipulation
- 5/31/03: Start work on Object oriented features
- 7/31/03: Object-oriented features finished
- 8/01/03: TBD
- Expected Completion: November 2003
- Initial Presentation - Power Point Slides
- David A. Watt & Deryck F. Brown. Programming Language Processors in Java. Prentice Hall, 2000.
- Alfred V. Aho, Ravi Sethi, Jeffrey D. Ullman. Compilers: Principles, Techniques and Tools. Addison-Wesley,1988.
- Ravi Sethi. Programming Languages, Concepts & Constructs. Addison-Wesley, 1996.
- Randy M. Kaplan. Constructing Language Processors for Little Languages. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1994.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Lyon, France and Swiftwater, PA (USA) – [September 15, 2005] – Sanofi pasteur, the vaccines business of the sanofi-aventis Group (NYSE: SNY), has entered into an agreement with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to produce doses of a vaccine to help protect against the H5N1 influenza virus strain, the so-called avian strain. Scientists believe the H5N1 strain could become the cause of a global influenza pandemic.
The contract is another major effort by sanofi pasteur to support efforts in both the U.S. and Europe to prepare the world for the possibility of an influenza pandemic.
The $100 million contract calls for sanofi pasteur to manufacture the vaccine in bulk concentrate form at its U.S. headquarters in Swiftwater, PA from early September through late October. The agreement provides for additional fees to be paid to sanofi pasteur for storage of the vaccine as well as for formulation and filling of the vaccine upon government request.
Here's a link to the complete press release
The real fun of a pandemic will begin when there is not enough vaccine for everyone, but an effective vaccine for the chosen few.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
English for Police
As a police officer you have one of the most important jobs in the world: to serve and protect the people. While you are fighting crime and handling emergencies you probably come across many English speakers. Some may commit crimes, while others may be victims of crime. In both cases, you need to ask and answer questions in English. Your job may also require you to speak to English witnesses. Time can be a key factor in solving a crime or saving a life. You cannot always wait for an interpreter. These pages will help you learn vocabulary and phrases that will be useful when you encounter English speakers. Do the exercises and take the quizzes to test your knowledge and understanding.
In English the word police is an uncountable noun. We therefore treat it as plural and say, for example: The Police are coming. The words policeman or policewoman are countable, so can be singular or plural, for example: The policeman is asking questions. Three policewomen are coming.


ACS Forms: How can I put our School Logo on our Form?
To insert a logo, or any image, you will want to use the Insert Image field in your Form. Once you have added the field, you will use the Gear Icon to select an image from your computer and set the alignment and size using the addition settings within the Edit Field screen.
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text: The use of compressed pulses, in particular binary phase-coded pulses, in incoherent-scatter observations is investigated quantitatively. Since pulse compression requires coherent integration, the compression will be degraded by the time variations in the scattering medium. The degradation is small and easily corrected for as long as the total duration of the pulse (before compression) is less than Tx, the time delay at which the autocorrelation function of the scattering process first becomes negative. For longer pulses the distortions become more serious. With compressed pulses it is a relatively simple matter to achieve a range resolution of less than 1 km in incoherent-scatter measurements.


text:
EECA has commissioned Standards New Zealand to produce a Publicly Available Specification (PAS) for Smart Homes, to help New Zealanders understand how they can make their existing home 'smart' and begin the transition to this new technology.
A smart home isn't the building itself but a clever system that links residential appliances together into a network. The network ensures the appliances in the home are operating as efficiently as possible (without changing how you use them).
The Smart Home Guidelines PAS has been developed in response to a growing need for New Zealanders to change the way we are consuming energy. Smart home networks preferentially shift household energy demand to periods of least-cost electricity. With this new approach to home electricity use, New Zealanders will be able to reduce their energy costs, take pressure off our national electricity grid, and help lower New Zealand's carbon footprint by maximising renewable energy use.
The guidance aims to help electricity consumers, appliance retailers, and suppliers of smart home equipment and services to align to best practice. It is designed to contain key smart home advice and point readers to more detailed information.
This PAS will not impose any requirements on sellers, importers, or manufacturers. However, it will introduce smart home technology to New Zealand consumers and help them to take steps towards making their home energy use smarter.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I would like to draw a 3D carpet plot with Python Pylab or matplotlib. I explain what I mean with carpet plot:
I have points on a X,Y meshgrid. This points have an elevation attached to them, but also an integer from a finite set. A common 3D plot makes it possible to vizualize relief. Elevation is along Z, we can vizualize elevation for a points determined by its coordinates X,Y along Z-axis. Alternatively, I draw heatmaps for elevation. It is a 2D plot, each pixel determined by X,Y has a color that is a function of altitude, red for apex and blue for bottom. I do some clustering on these data, and after clustering, I have, for each pixel, two information: elevation and a label (integer). I can draw a 2D map with each pixel colored with its label, and this gives me the clustering results.
Now, I would like to plot both information on same 3D graph. Z coordinate should be elevation, and the point on surface should be colored with its "cluster color". This is what I call the 3D carpet plot (if term does not sound correct, please tell me).
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1 Answer 1
up vote 2 down vote accepted
Your "cluster color" is some set of conditions on the X,Y,Z values of your grid. If you can make these a mask (of True/False values) it is simple to map a color onto them. I've given an example of an arbitrary set of conditions, which you can adapt to your needs. Code was adapted from _URL_
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# Some sample data
x_side = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.04)
y_side = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.04)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(x_side,y_side)
# Fake mountains
Z = np.exp(-(X**2+Y**2)) + 2*np.exp(-((X-2)**2+Y**2))
# Assign colors based off some user-defined condition
COLORS = np.empty(X.shape, dtype=str)
COLORS[:,:] = 'b'
COLORS[(Z>.1) * (Z<.3)] = 'r'
COLORS[Z>.3] = 'g'
COLORS[X+Y < -1] = 'k'
# 3D surface plot
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
surf = ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, facecolors=COLORS, rstride=1, cstride=1,
enter image description here
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thanks a lot, this is helpful – octoback Aug 29 '12 at 9:25
Your Answer


How to Turn On Tablet Mode in Windows 10
Many laptop computers that you can buy today have touchscreen capabilities. The ability to interact with your computer in this manner can make certain tasks a little easier, and it's likely that you purchased your laptop specifically because of this feature.
But if it seems like your Windows 10 computer isn't optimized for a touchscreen, then you may not have the Tablet Mode setting turned on. Our tutorial below will show you a quick way to turn Tablet Mode on or off in Windows 10.

How to Enable or Disable Tablet Mode in Windows 10
The steps in this guide are going to change a setting on your Windows 10 computer so that tablet mode is either turned on or turned off. If you are turning on tablet mode then you need to have a monitor with touchscreen capabilities. This could be something like a Microsoft Surface Pro, a touchscreen laptop, or a touchscreen monitor. You can enable tablet mode on a computer that does not have touchscreen capabilities, but it won't do anything.
Step 1: Press the Windows key + A on your keyboard. This opens a location called the Action Center.

Step 2: Click the Tablet Mode button.
how to enable tablet mode in windows 10

This will immediately put your computer into Tablet Mode, which will make the elements on your screen easier to interact with by touching. This will also make all of your apps open in full screen mode by default.

You can also turn Tablet Mode on or off by completing the following steps:
 1. Click the Start button at the lower-left corner of the screen.
 2. Click the Settings button in the left column of the menu.
 3. Click the System option.
 4. Select Tablet mode in the left column.
 5. Click the button under Make Windows more touch-friendly when using your device as a tablet.
Note that there are several more options on that screen that let you customize your computer's behavior regarding Tablet Mode.

Is there a program on your computer that you don't need anymore and it's just taking up storage space? Find out how to uninstall a program in Windows 10 if you don't need that program anymore.
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Harry Potter Wiki
Revision as of 20:48, October 3, 2012 by 1337star (Talk | contribs)
12,158pages on
this wiki
Elfin Sugar Crystals, a wizarding brand of sugar.
Sugar is a generic name for a number of sweet-flavoured substances used to flavour or sweeten food. Sugar used for human consumption is generally extracted from the sugarcane or sugar beet.
Most candy and other sweets are mostly made of sugar, to the point where some sweets, such as certain brands of Droobles Best Blowing Gum, are advertised as "sugar-free". Yet other sorts of sweets, such as Sugar Quills, Sugar Mice, and sugared violets, blatantly mention that they contain sugar in their titles, generally to differentiate them from sugarless counterparts.
Hokey claimed to have murdered her mistress Hepzibah Smith by disguising a little known poison as sugar for Smith's cocoa. As this was a false memory planted by Tom Riddle, it is unclear if Smith was actually murdered this way or not.[1]
Sugar makes the effect of the Wolfsbane Potion useless, much to the dismay of Remus Lupin, who did not care for the taste of the potion.[2]
Aside from humans, other species also enjoy the taste of sugar. Baby unicorns seem to enjoy sugar cubes as a snack, as Rubeus Hagrid had a Care of Magical Creatures class feed them some on at least one occasion.[3]
Notes and references
 2. Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban - Chapter 8 (The Flight of the Fat Lady)
 3. Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire - Chapter 26 (The Second Task)
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Random Wiki


Create Account owner Effects Imagery
Social media has become part of everyday life. Almost everyone has an account on the social media. Various account name and fro, from which it is or completely different from the owner. Will this affect the formation of ourselves?
Have a facebook or twitter account? Definitely on of hands, if only after I added the sentence asked, "Who has hands". I've also heard of a friend that I do not know (well, what is the name of this friend?) Said, "Whats your twitter?" Keep your friends who asked replied, "nope got". Go direct tone, "The Age of this, nope have twitter?". If only people were bad to me, I said, "Twitter's Jack Dorsey hers" haha.
Yes, almost everyone got twitter or facebook account. Although many kinds of social media such as Instagram or youtube. But lately both the first social media first mentioned earlier so familiar in our introductory communication daily. Twitter or facebook is like a business card only.
Talking about the account name, twitter is the most varied kinds. If I observe, there are at least three types of account names.
The first is an open account. It is a term that I give for writing the name of the account owner is. If write is not like the original, the owner of the account made just shortened it.
Second is the account entity. Named entities account because this account is as well. The owner used it as a tool outside of himself. An example of the second type of account is the account of the institution, organization or company.
Third is the imaging account. The third type of account is that often we discussed, because it is unique. Examples of imaging account is … ah, nope comfortable if called names. Hey directly admit that life accounts imaging.. hehe.
Which will we talked about this time is the account of imagery. Account has the character of each. This we can see from the name and the content of his tweet. While on the other hand, I have also had a personality. Both marriage that gave birth to imaging.
Imagery is the way we conduct defense. In psychology called defense mechanism. Each of us use self-defense mechanism. One of its functions is that we use when we want to convey intent, but we want to be safe from the effects thereof.
Social media is a double-edged, one side can be a mask, on the other hand actually the safest place to be honest. Often we find an account that did not write the name of the owner, under a pseudonym. As such, he is freer to say a lot of things he wanted. Well, on the other hand, this will help the account had to be honest. Accounts have unique imagery, the paradox between the mask and appeared to put the truth.
What is the effect if we use imaging account? Are we going to be someone else? Are we going to split personality?
Indeed, there are two trends would happen, to be someone else or even strengthen its owner. Again paradoxically accounts imaging going on here.
How can we use other characters, but we continue to be ourselves? Very able, since creating an account with any of the content that we design, that means putting the self on the outside of us. It could be that we make it self is our true self, which has been constrained due to various reasons, such as norms or concerned with a person. Instead, we make the accounts we do not really.
Both models account such imagery (self real but masked or not yourself at all), we are making two personalities. Events that may be, we can get carried away on one of them, split into two, or stay safely live with both.
The first effect, people get carried away in one account. It can be seen from the life and death of the account. Quite often decreases on its own account activity. After a long time the account is dead, because it is not in accordance with the owner, or the owner could not adjust to his account.
The second effect is a split personality. This can happen when self and accounts as strong and occur alternately. Quite often it makes the account owner confused puts himself in two different situations. For example, he had a hard figure account, when she gently in everyday life. Well, what if suddenly the owner of the account together with friends virtual world. Clearly different between the person and his or her account.
If the split brings confusion, it actually still reasonable. Arguably still healthy for account owners. What if he was not confused, but often have a personality shift of control consciousness. Moreover, if a transfer occurs at any time and place.
The third effect, the account owner kept his personality, while his account has character own. Both are like two different people. If you interact with the person, the personality of the person who plays. But if we are to interact through social media, then the character who played his account. So the account and owner are two different creatures. The owner that controls consciousness.


text:
The deep-waters of the United Kingdom are not featureless expanses
of mud. They support an amazing diversity of life, from dense sponge
belts, cold-water coral reefs to fields of weird single-celled organisms
called xenophyophores. The Deep-sea Conservation for the UK (DC-UK)
project has been developed to tackle three central elements; biodiversity,
management policy and public awareness of the UK's deep-sea environment.


text:
A paint factory produces paints, but in the process transmits chemicals into the soil below the factory. These chemicals taint the soil such that the farmer whose land abuts the paint factory property experiences a reduction in soil quality and hence crop output. Assume the paint company's marginal benefit (demand) curve for its output is the following:
300-Q. It's marginal cost of producing is as follows: MC = 20 + Q. The farmer experiences a reduction in farm profit that can be described with the following Marginal Damage curve: MD = 40 + 2Q.
1. What output level does the paint company choose?
2. What is the socially optimal level of output?
3. Describe a possible Coasian solution to the externality problem.
4. What corrective tax could the government set to achieve the socially optimal level of output from the paint company?


FAQs
Optical Filters FAQs
Here we have provided comprehensive lists of commonly asked questions regarding our Semrock optical filters and related applications. This information is designed to support your inquiries, but if you don't find the answers you are looking for we encourage you to contact us for further assistance.
Please use the sort buttons in the left navigation to navigate between questions and answers that are specific to Optical Imaging Systems, Fluidics, Cameras, Microfluidics, our Webstore, and Engineering Partnership.

What are AOI and CHA?
Angle of Incidence, or AOI, is the angle at which a collimated beam of light is incident on the filter's first surface, measured relative to the surface normal. Cone half-angle, or CHA, refers to the angular range associated with a non-collimated incident beam, and is measured from the AOI to the largest cone angle.
angle of incidence illustration
Changing the AOI or CHA of your incident light will change the spectral response of the filter. For more information on how different types of Semrock filters respond to changes in AOI, please review our technical note: Filter Filter Spectra at Non-normal Angles of Incidence. The spectral response to CHA is dependent upon many factors, so please contact technical support to discuss your specific application.
The AOI and CHA ranges for which filter performance is guaranteed are listed in each filter's Specifications tab on the website. The AOI and CHA specifications given are exclusive; filters may not meet specification when incident light has non-zero value for CHA and AOI.


text:
English Film Title: POETRY: The Transcendence of Words
Original Film Title: ΠΟΙΗΣΗ: Η Υπέρβαση των Λέξεων
Directors Name: Sofia Kalantzi
Writers Name: Sofia Kalantzi
Producer: Eleni Finou, Sofia Kalantzi
Country of Origin: Greece
Country of Filming: Greece
Language: Modern Greek (1453-)
Runtime: 36 min 38 sec
A trip, an internal quest inside the world of poetry.
At the documentary we answer a deep question
What is the relationship between poetry and life and death?
Who are the real poets?
What is the purpose of poetry?
What is its relationship with the Soul?
Can poetry go beyond death?
What can be a Poetic Moment?
Artists, poets, teachers, seekers of truth, scholars and thinkers talk to us about that invisible world; which becomes visible at your eyes and in the Heart of the reader, the observer of the poet.
So poetry obtains another dimension or rather its true dimension is being revealed.
A dimension that cannot be restricted in any piece of paper, it becomes energy and transcends word and constructs an internal world of awakening.


text:
Average daytime and nighttime temperatures
All climatic diagrams of this site are taken from the collected data from the official weather station in in a height of 4m above sea level. All data correspond to the average monthly values of the last 20 years. Back to overview: Netherlands
is one of the coldest regions in the Netherlands with an average daily high temperature of only 14 degrees centigrade. The climate widely corresponds to Central European weather conditions. It is cold, wet and a few beautiful summer months are also happening during a year.
Due to the warmer temperatures the best time for traveling is from June to September. Nearly unattractive for tourists are the cold months from November to March.
hours of sunshine per day rainy days per month Precipitation in mm/day
All information without guarantee.


White sharks
NIWA contacts:
Where and when do white sharks occur in New Zealand waters, and how can fisheries bycatch be reduced?
Why do we want to tag white sharks?
White sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) became a protected species in New Zealand waters in 2007, but many of them are still caught incidentally each year in set nets and other fishing gear.
The status of white sharks in New Zealand is unknown, but because of their low reproductive and growth rates, there is concern that fishing mortality may be causing a population decline. Little is known about the habitat requirements of white sharks, their seasonal behaviour patterns, or their interactions with fisheries. An improved understanding of where they are at what times, and their migratory patterns would allow strategies for reducing bycatch to be developed
Hi-tech electronic tags
A joint NIWA/Department of Conservation (DOC) tagging programme was launched in 2005. Hi-tech electronic tags are being used to gather information on where the sharks are and when, and to record their depth and the temperature of the surrounding water. Three tag types have been used: popup archival tags, acoustic tags, and dorsal fin tags.
Popup tags
Popup tags are implanted in the muscle under the dorsal fin with a tagging pole, and record depth, temperature and location, storing the data for up to a year. They then release themselves from the shark, float to the surface, and transmit summaries of the data to a satellite. If the tags are physically recovered, the high resolution data collected at one minute intervals can be downloaded.
Popup tags provide only approximate location data, so they are most useful for tracking long-distance migrations.
Acoustic tags
Acoustic tags send out coded, individually identifiable sound 'pings' that can be detected up to a kilometre away by acoustic data loggers. The tag batteries last long enough to monitor the presence of white sharks in the region in the vicinity of a data logger for two years.
Acoustic tags provide accurate fine-scale information on sharks at specific locations.
Dorsal fin tags
Dorsal fin tags bridge the gap between popup and acoustic tags. They provide accurate location information by transmitting to orbiting satellites every time the shark is at the surface and the dorsal fin and the tag's aerial are exposed to air. Their batteries can last for more than one year, so both fine scale and large scale movement patterns can be recorded.
However, dorsal fin tags are more difficult to deploy: the shark has to be caught and restrained while the tag is attached to the dorsal fin. So far, only a few of these tags have been deployed in New Zealand.
See our 'Shark tagging' photo gallery
New insights into the behaviour of white sharks
Since 2005, 44 white sharks have been tagged with popup tags, mainly at the Chatham Islands and Stewart Island. These islands support large colonies of fur seals, which are a major food source for white sharks. Our research has focussed on Stewart Island since 2009. The population there is dominated by males (about 2.2 males for every female). Nearly all of the females are immature, being shorter than the female length at maturity of 4.5 to 5 m. Only about one-third of the males are longer than the male length at maturity of about 3.6 m. This indicates that the white shark aggregations at Stewart Island are not related to mating, and are most likely driven by the abundance of seals for food. Large, mature females are rarely seen anywhere in New Zealand and their distribution, habitat and behaviour are almost completely unknown.
Tagging results (click righthand map to enlarge) show that most New Zealand white sharks make annual migrations to tropical waters in winter, travelling as far as 3,300 km away. Sharks have migrated to the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, the Coral Sea, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Norfolk Island, Fiji and Tonga. They don't cross the equator.
Most of the sharks from Stewart Island headed northwest of New Zealand, whereas most Chatham Islands sharks headed north. However, some sharks from the two tagging locations overlap in the tropics. Surprisingly, we have not detected any direct movement between Stewart and Chatham islands.
Some popup tags have remained on the sharks for long enough (up to one year) to reveal that the sharks returned to their tagging locations after their tropical holiday. This has been confirmed by photo-identification work at Stewart Island. Each shark has a unique colour pattern, particularly around the gills and on the tail. Some individuals have been seen at Stewart Island each year for multiple years. This indicates that white sharks have a sophisticated navigation mechanism that enables them to make major direct oceanic migrations, and then return to precisely the spot they left from. We do not know how they achieve this.
During their travels, white sharks experience a wide range in temperatures, from 3 degrees C to 27 degrees C: very unusual for a fish. During their ocean crossings, they can travel 150 km per day, and average about 5 km per hour or 100 km per day.
They spend two-thirds of their time at the surface, and the rest making repeated deep dives to 200-800 m. Most sharks reach maximum depths exceeding 800 m, and the record depth achieved was 1,246 m. We do not know what the sharks are doing in these depths - where there is no light - but we presume that they are searching for prey such as deep water squids and fishes. They may also be searching for the many north-south running undersea ridges to use as a navigational aid.
Now that the large-scale migrations of white sharks are better understood, the focus of the research has shifted to determining their fine-scale movements and local temporal and spatial distributions. In March-April 2011 and 2012, 45 white sharks were tagged with acoustic tags around north-eastern Stewart Island, and 25 data loggers were deployed at strategic locations around northern Stewart Island, Ruapuke Island and Foveaux Strait. White sharks were present almost continuously from late summer to early winter, peaking in autumn (March−June). Sharks spent about 4−5 months in the region and the rest of the year outside New Zealand on their tropical migrations. Some of these sharks were detected in Australia and the Coral Sea by data loggers deployed by other researchers. White shark abundance was greatest in the Titi (Muttonbird) Islands off northeastern Stewart Island, and sharks showed different preferences for individual islands. Stewart Island sharks rove well beyond their aggregation sites, but the behaviour and dynamics of white sharks in other parts of New Zealand remain poorly understood.
Dorsal fin tags were attached to three sharks in 2013 and 2014, giving us unprecedented accurate information on their movements and the routes taken. One shark (nicknamed Nicholas Cage) swam to New Caledonia in an almost straight line and then 'disappeared' underwater for several months, before re-surfacing and making a more-meandering return trip to Stewart Island. Another shark (Pip) swam across the southern Tasman Sea to New South Wales in Australia, and then made her way north to warmer Queensland waters, before returning to Stewart Island. The third shark (Caro) swam north up the central Tasman Sea to the Coral Sea and Queensland before returning to Stewart Island.
The final phase of this study will be to compare information gained on the seasonal and spatial distribution of white sharks in New Zealand waters with the distribution of fishing effort to identify locations and seasons where there is a greater risk of sharks being caught by fishing gear.
Page last updated:
1 May 2015
Great white shark
A great white shark. Credit: Department of Conservation
Malcolm Francis tagging a white shark with an acoustic tag
Malcolm Francis tagging a white shark with an acoustic tag. Credit: W. Lyon/NIWA
Shark track map_2015.jpg
Tracks of white sharks tagged with dorsal fin tags at Stewart Island. [M. Francis]
Shark tracks.jpg
Approximate tracks of white sharks migrating from their tagging sites at Chatham Islands and Stewart Island to the tropical waters of the South Pacific. [M.Francis]


After updating a database field the values are not reflected in the application layer
Issue: After updating a database field directly on the primary data source the values are not reflected on the IMSI and/or FHIR interfaces.
Applies To:
 - OpenIZ Immunization Management Service (IMS)
Symptoms:
 - When updating a database field using SQL the value is changed in the database but not reflected in applications.
 - When querying a FHIR based resource the updated values do not present themselves.
Cause: The OpenIZ IMS uses an in-memory cache to speed up the retrieval of data from the primary data source. The two options for this are a built-in memory cache or REDIS. When you update the value directly on the database, it does not invalidate the cache data.
Solution:
When using the built-in memory cache:
 1. Open a command prompt as Administrator
 2. Restart the OpenIZ host process using the command:
 - net stop openiz
 - net start openiz
 3. Note: Your instance of OpenIZ IMS will be unavailable during this time
When using the REDIS cache service
 1. Open a command prompt as Administrator on your REDIS host server
 2. Restart the REDIS process using the command
 - net stop redis
 - net start redis
 3. Note: Your instance of OpenIZ IMS will continue to be available during this time.
Last updated


text:
Efficient Fault Diagnosis Schemes for Reliable Lightweight Cryptographic ISO/IEC Standard CLEFIA Benchmarked on ASIC and FPGA
reliability, Application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), CLEFIA symmetric-key block cipher, efficient error detection, field-programmable gate array (FPGA)
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
Lightweight block ciphers are essential for providing low-cost confidentiality to sensitive constrained applications. Nonetheless, this confidentiality does not guarantee their reliability in the presence of natural and malicious faults. In this paper, fault diagnosis schemes for the lightweight internationally standardized block cipher CLEFIA are proposed. This symmetric-key cipher is compatible with yet lighter in hardware than the Advanced Encryption Standard and enables the implementation of cryptographic functionality with low complexity and power consumption. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there has been no fault diagnosis scheme presented in the literature for the CLEFIA to date. In addition to providing fault diagnosis approaches for the linear blocks in the encryption and the decryption of the CLEFIA, error detection approaches are presented for the nonlinear S-boxes, applicable to their composite-field implementations as well as their lookup table realizations. Through fault-injection simulations, the proposed schemes are benchmarked, and it is shown that they achieve error coverage of close to 100%. Finally, both application-specific integrated circuit and field-programmable gate array implementations of the proposed error detection structures are presented to assess their efficiency and overhead. The proposed fault diagnosis architectures make the implementations of the International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission-standardized CLEFIA more reliable.
Was this content written or created while at USF?
Citation / Publisher Attribution
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, v. 60, issue 12, p. 5925-5932
Scholar Commons Citation
Mozaffari Kermani, Mehran and Azarderakhsh, Reza, "Efficient Fault Diagnosis Schemes for Reliable Lightweight Cryptographic ISO/IEC Standard CLEFIA Benchmarked on ASIC and FPGA" (2013). Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications. 12.


text:
Objective: Prologue, The Liberation Army Dancer, pgs. 1-18 The audition for the dance school went from being something fun and exciting for Ji Li to being something chaotic and frightening. The objective of this lesson will be to discuss how things like this are allowed to happen, and to explore some possible methods of avoiding this phenomena in the future.
1) Small Group Evaluation Activity: Split the class into 3 groups. Have one group write about how Ji Li felt when she was fist offered the chance to audition for the dance group. Have the second group write about Ji Li felt while telling her family about her offer to audition. Have the third group write about Ji Li felt after she was forced to forgo the opportunity to audition. Make sure they use examples from the book to support their ideas. Allow each group to present their information...
This section contains 12,161 words
(approx. 41 pages at 300 words per page)


Why Christmas?
Author: Barbara Reaoch
Illustrator: Carol McCarty
Paperback, 64 pages
ISBN 9781936908622
Looking for another format?
ePub | Kindle
About the book
Why do we celebrate Christmas? Most children do not know the true answer to that question or why God sent Jesus to live on earth. Why Christmas? is a helpful devotional with Scripture reading, memory verse, Christmas carol and questions to direct your child's heart towards God. The readings, which begin on the first day of December, are Biblical, short, and effective. Colorful illustrations illuminate the events of the incarnation. This book will provide parents with the assistance they desire for leading their child to the Christ of Christmas.
See also: A companion volume, Why Easter?, is also available to assist parents in teaching their children about Jesus' death and resurrection.
"God coming to earth as a baby?! That's as incredible as fitting an oil tanker into a bath tub or a 747 into your garage. No, it's even more astounding! Christmas may be God's greatest miracle of all and every boy and girl should be able to know why. And Why Christmas? provides an exceptional opportunity for parents and Christian leaders to lead their children through a rich and wonderful discovery behind the miracle of Christmas – I highly recommend this brilliant little book for every child!"
—Joni Eareckson Tada, Joni and Friends International Disability Center
About the author
Barbara Reaoch is Bible Study Fellowship International's Director of children's programs. For nearly twenty years, she taught women's BSF classes in the United States and South Africa. Barbara has also worked at the Rafiki Girl's Center in South Africa, teaching the Bible and life skills to young women. She has been married to Ron for forty years; they have three grown children and four grandchildren.
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text:
Emergency departments have an important role in caring for people who present as being at risk of suicide.
This guidance is aimed at improving the quality of care for people presenting to emergency departments at risk of suicide. The guidance includes clinical risk assessment and referral pathways, but also focuses on the nature of interactions between the person and clinicians involved in their care. This focus incorporates advice on culturally and age-appropriate interventions.
The guidance was developed by Te Pou o te Whakaaro Nui, with the assistance of an expert working group. It builds on (but does not replace) the 2003 Assessment and Management of People at Risk of Suicide guidelines developed by the New Zealand Guidelines Group and the Ministry of Health.
The development of the guidance arose from action 6.2 of the Ministry of Health's Suicide Prevention Action Plan 2013-2016; to "improve the care of people presenting to emergency departments with self-harm injuries, and ensure there is appropriate follow-up after discharge".


text:
high. While there may be concerns regarding the current geopolitical situation, it is important to note that the Italian government and tourism authorities have implemented various safety measures to ensure the well-being of both locals and visitors.
Additionally, international travel advisories and warnings should be taken into consideration when planning a trip to Italy during times of conflict, but it is essential to assess the situation based on current information and updates.
For travelers considering a trip to Italy amid conflict concerns, it is advisable to stay informed about the latest developments in the country's political landscape. Keeping an eye on official travel advisories and consulting with locals or expatriates living in Italy can provide valuable insights into the actual safety conditions on the ground.
It is also recommended for travelers to register with their embassy or consulate while in Italy so that they can receive important updates and assistance if needed.
Ultimately, while there may be uncertainties surrounding the safety of traveling to Italy during times of conflict, many tourists continue to visit the country without any major issues. By staying informed, being mindful of official recommendations, and exercising caution when necessary, travelers can still enjoy all that Italy has to offer while ensuring their own safety.
I'm a passionate traveler, writer, and Italophile. My fascination with Italy's history, art, and culture has led me on countless adventures across the Italian landscape. Through "I Live Italy," I share my love for this extraordinary country and aims to inspire others to explore its boundless beauty.


terminate.
As written this doesn't make sense - a value of an attribute being a
precondition seems like a type error to me. I think you mean something like
availability of an attribute value. But even that is hard to follow. Suggest
simplifying this to just:
Given an assertion uses(pe,x,r) or uses(pe,x,r,t), existence of x is a
pre-condition for the activity denoted by pe to terminate.
5.5 Derivation
Given an assertion isDerivedFrom(B,A), one can infer that the use of
characterized entity denoted by A precedes the generation of the characterized
entity denoted by B.
Where does this notion of "use" come from in the absence of some referenced
Concerning transitivity of derivation:
A has attributes a0, a1
B having attributes b0, b1 is derived from A, with b0 being dependent on a0
C having attributes c0, c1, is derived from B with c1 being dependent on b1
So none of the attributes of C can be said to be directly or indirectly
dependent on attributes of A, which by the given definition is a requirement for
derivation of C from A. Thus, as defined, derivation cannot be transitive.
I don't really know if derivation should or should not be transitive, but the
above seems to me like a problem of spurious over-specification. My suggestion
for now would be to focus on what really matters and see what logical properties
fall out later.
5.8 IVP of
The revised (w.r.t.
_URL_ treatment of
IVP-of, and relabeling as "complement-of" completely overturns my understanding
of what this was intended to capture. I understood the whole point of A IVP-of B
was intended to capture the notion that A denotes a contextually constrained
form of the entity denoted by B. I don't see what useful purpose this relation
 From a practical perspective, given the asymmetric nature of IVP-of (as was) it
is easy to express the effect of complement-of in RDF by introducing a new
entity node. But I see no way of constructing the strict constraining role of
IVP using complement-of.
5.9 Time
Time is defined according to [ISO8601].
I don't think it is appropriate of an open standard to be normatively dependent
on a standard that is available only on payment of a charge for access. In this
case, we could make reference to the XML scheme datatypes, which would also
require us to think about my next point...
As far as I'm aware, ISO 8601 covers both points in time and time intervals. As
such a bare reference to ISO 86012 is not really an adequate definition: which
do we want? I suspect _URL_
5.10 Recipe Link
I don't see what useful purpose this serves.
5.11 Role
I can't completely follow the description given.
5.13 Ordering of Processes
This section confusingly changes the style of presentation from sections
dedicated to specific concepts to a vague discussion of possible relationships
between things.
5.14 Revision
This seems to be just a different form of Derivation that happens to mention an
agent. I'm not sure why I'd choose one over the other.
I think this may be unnecessary - would not a similar effect be achieved by
having a process execution of "revision" that uses b1, generates b2 and is
controlled by ag (possibly with role "revise"?).
5.16 Provenance Container
It's not clear what this is intended to be (maybe unsurprising, since the
definition is absent). But it looks as if it's intended to a syntactical kind
of thing, which I feel is out of place in a data model description (especially
if we're expecting to use RDF to represent the data). The next version of RDF
will probably formally define named graphs - I'm not seeing what additional
definition would be needed here.
Received on Thursday, 28 July 2011 21:38:41 GMT


text:
E. Cobham Brewer _PHONE_. Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 1898.
Near Side and Off Side.
Left side and right side. Near wheel means that to the coachmans left hand; and near horse (in a pair) means that to the left hand of the driver. In a four-in-hand the two horses on the left side of the coachman are the near wheeler and the near leader. Those on the right hand side of the coachman are off horses. This, which seems an anomaly, arose when the driver walked beside his team. The teamster always walks with his right arm nearest the horse, and therefore, in a pair of horses, the horse on the left side is nearer than the one on his right.
Thus, 2 is the near wheeler and 1 the near leader, 4 is the off wheeler and 3 the off leader.


Bug in PowerPivot 2012 for Excel 2010
I spotted what I firmly believe to be a bug in PowerPivot. If you already met this problem and/or can reproduce this issue, please support this ticket on MS Connect.
An MS employee might – someday , maybe – respond to my bug report and say this is "by design". This employee may also advance some pretty good reasons why this is so. However, until then, I cannot conceive of any good reason for this behavior.
Introduction
The data
For the rest of this post, I will use an embedded PowerPivot model based on a linked table. The table is called 'SomeData':
Country Product OtherAttribute
USA A Y
FRA B Y
USA C N
FRA C N
UK A N
GER B N
USA A N
FRA B N
FRA D N
What is this bug?
Instead of an elaborate discussion about this bug, let me just start introducing it with a mini-quiz.
Questions
Question 1:
Our model only contains the table 'SomeData' presented above. We run the following query against our model.
EVALUATE
CALCULATETABLE( VALUES('SomeData') ,
SUMMARIZE(
FILTER( 'SomeData', [OtherAttribute] = "Y")
, [Country], [Product]
)
)
What does the query return?
 1. All rows for which Country = "USA" and Product = "A" or Country = "FRA" and Product = "B".
 2. All rows for which Country = "USA" or Country = "FRA"
 3. All rows for which Product = "A" or Product = "B".
 4. It depends
Question 2:
Our model only contains the table 'SomeData' presented above. We run the following query against our model.
EVALUATE
CALCULATETABLE( 'SomeData',
SUMMARIZE(
FILTER( 'SomeData', [OtherAttribute] = "Y")
, [Country], [Product]
)
)
What does the query return?
 1. All rows for which Country = "USA" and Product = "A" or Country = "FRA" and Product = "B".
 2. All rows for which Country = "USA" or Country = "FRA"
 3. All rows for which Product = "A" or Product = "B".
 4. It depends
Answers:
Question 1:
1. All rows for which Country = "USA" and Product = "A" or Country = "FRA" and Product = "B".
Question 2:
4. It depends: The result can be either 2 or 3.
Stating the problem
The only difference between both queries, is the presence (or absence) of the VALUES function in the first argument. This means the expression passed as a first argument to the CALCULATE statement changes the way the 2nd argument is evaluated. This is only supposed to work the other way around.
In the second case, the evaluation of the context is incorrect. PowerPivot will only filter on one column. Which one depends on the order of the columns in the 'SomeData' Excel table.
As a result, a query might have different results depending on how the workbook was built.
A working example (direct filtering) …
Returning an arbitrary set of tuples
Consider the following query:
EVALUATE
SUMMARIZE(
FILTER( 'SomeData'
, [Country] = "USA" && [Product] = "A"
|| [Country] = "FRA" && [Product] = "B"
)
, [Country], [Product]
)
This query returns the set of (Country, Product) tuples according to my predicates:
SomeData[Country] SomeData[Product]
USA A
FRA B
Filtering data based on a calculated set
If I want to get all rows from 'SomeData', where the tuple (Product, Country) matches one of the tuples in the previous set, I can use the previous table expression as the 2nd argument of a CALCULATETABLE expression. This gives the following query:
EVALUATE
CALCULATETABLE( 'SomeData',
SUMMARIZE(
FILTER( 'SomeData'
, [Country] = "USA" && [Product] = "A"
|| [Country] = "FRA" && [Product] = "B"
)
, [Country], [Product]
)
)
The results:
SomeData[Country] SomeData[Product] SomeData[OtherAttribute]
USA A Y
FRA B Y
USA A N
FRA B N
So far so good. Everything works as expected.
… that no longer works (cross-filtering)
Returning an arbitrary set of tuples
Instead of explicitly filtering the (Country, Product) tuples, as above, let us now filter our data on the [OtherAttribute] column.
EVALUATE
SUMMARIZE(
FILTER( 'SomeData', [OtherAttribute] = "Y")
, [Country], [Product]
)
As before, this returns:
SomeData[Country] SomeData[Product]
USA A
FRA B
Filtering data based on a calculated set
Let us plug, our new SUMMARIZE expression into our CALCULATETABLE expression.
EVALUATE
CALCULATETABLE( 'SomeData',
SUMMARIZE(
FILTER( 'SomeData', [OtherAttribute] = "Y")
, [Country], [Product]
)
)
Unexpectedly, this time, the query returns the following results:
SomeData[Country] SomeData[Product] SomeData[OtherAttribute]
USA A Y
FRA B Y
UK A N
GER B N
USA A N
FRA B N
Note that the engine now returns all rows from 'SomeData' for which [Product] is in { "A", "B" }. This is confirmed by SQL Server Profiler.
Replacing 'SomeData' with VALUES('SomeData'), however, will return the expected results.
Reordering the columns
Worse, let us just change the order of the columns in our Excel table.
Just drag and drop the [Country] column to the left of the [Product] column, and refresh the PowerPivot model. We have not made any changes to the PowerPivot model itself.
Let us run our previous query again.
The results now become:
Country Product OtherAttribute
USA A Y
FRA B Y
USA C N
FRA C N
USA A N
FRA B N
FRA D N
Which means, the query now only filters by Country. Once again, this is confirmed by SQL Server Profiler.
When a filter context is available
Finally, let us add another CALCULATETABLE expression, so that our query becomes:
EVALUATE
CALCULATETABLE(
CALCULATETABLE( 'SomeData',
SUMMARIZE(
FILTER( ('SomeData'), [OtherAttribute] = "Y")
, [Country], [Product]
)
)
, 'SomeData'[Country] = "FRA")
'SomeData' is first filtered by [Country], which only returns the rows for France. These data should then be filtered according to the value in [OtherAttribute], then be summarized by [Country] and [Product]. The one tuple remaining ("FRA", "B") should then be used to filter 'SomeData' – overriding our initial filter. This is not the case. Here, the product will only get filtered by [Country].
Once again, replacing 'SomeData' in the first argument of the innermost CALCULATETABLE expression with VALUES('SomeData') will produce the expected results.
In that case, however, the result of the query does not seem to depend on the order of the columns in the Excel table.
Measures display the same behavior
Example with COUNTROWS
Do measures display the same behavior? Unfortunately, yes.
Let us consider this measure:
[Fine] :=
 CALCULATE( COUNTROWS( VALUES('SomeData') ),
SUMMARIZE(
FILTER( 'SomeData', [OtherAttribute] = "Y")
, [Country],[Product]
)
)
This measure works as expected:
Fine
A B Total
FRA 2 2
USA 2 2
Total 2 2 4
For the same reasons as in the previous sections, this measure does not:
[Not fine] :=
 CALCULATE( COUNTROWS( 'SomeData' ),
SUMMARIZE(
FILTER( 'SomeData', [OtherAttribute] = "Y")
, [Country],[Product]
)
)
The result:
Not fine
A B Total
FRA 2 4
USA 2 3
Total 3 3 6
Once again the grand total may change depending on the order of the columns in the linked table.
Example with SUM
You might think: "Not an issue. I always use VALUES when referencing tables or columns".
Do you?
Standard aggregate functions like COUNT, COUNTA, SUM, … only accept a direct reference to a column.
To check this, let us add a new column to our table:
Country Product OtherAttribute CheckColumn
USA A Y 100000000
FRA B Y 20000000
USA C N _PHONE_
FRA C N 400000
UK A N 50000
GER B N 6000
USA A N 700
FRA B N 80
FRA D N 9
Now, let us observer the same unexpected behavior.
[Sum fails] : =
CALCULATE( SUM('SomeData'[CheckColumn] ),
SUMMARIZE(
FILTER( 'SomeData', [OtherAttribute] =


Table of Contents
Create a multi-column email layout
Go to your Email blast > Content.
1. Click on the + Add dropdown menu and select Table.
2. Create a table with one row and two columns. Set the width to 100%.
3. Click OK.
4. Click Save and update preview and the preview of the content will update.
Customize your multi-column layout using both the table and cell editor. You are able to adjust:
 - Borders
 - Padding
 - Colors
 - Images
These changes can be applied to the table or an individual cell. Once you have your layout finalized, you can re-use the format by cloning the email and inserting new content.
Responsive email tips
From time to time emails show up as stretched or squished in different ways on various devices. This can happen if the dimensions of the image or table is set to fixed pixel dimensions. For example if your image is too small for the email, it may look something like this:
As you can see, Sally (the Giraffe) doesn't look very good. To fix this issue, feel free to use these tips:
1. Wrap the email in a table that is 100% of the viewport. To do this in an email that you have already created, you would need to create a table with a 1 column by 1 row layout. Next, set that table to a width of 100% with the height setting empty (blank).
2. Set the dimensions of the image to be a responsive style such as 100%, 50% or 25%. These percentages will adjust the image based off of the size of the viewport of the email. For example, if you set the image dimensions to be 25%, the image would take up 25% of the viewport of the device the user is viewing the email on. You can find the dimensions setting for the image by selecting the image first. Then, click on the + Add dropdown menu and select Image
3. If you are having trouble getting images to be center side by side, just throw them in a table! For example, you would create a 2 column by 1 row table. Click within the left column and click on the icon that says "Table cell properties". From there, change the width of the column to 50%. Next, click on the right column and change the width to 50%. Finally, select each image and set them to be 100%. This will force the images to be 100% of their container which in this case is set to a width of 50% for each column.
Did this answer your question?


text:
The research, presented today at the annual meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism in San Francisco, describes a chemical found in the urine of monkeys also found in human alcoholics, and liver biopsies that show development of "fatty liver" -- another common finding in heavily drinking people.
Carol C. Cunningham, Ph.D., professor of biochemistry said, "One of the unique features of using these monkeys as a model for alcoholic liver disease is that these monkeys self-administer alcohol."
Some of the monkeys choose to only take a small amount of alcohol -- paralleling the social drinkers; some consume a moderate amount -- "like regular drinkers who are not in jeopardy of developing alcoholic liver disease," and some are heavy drinkers, who become intoxicated, most prone to changes in the liver.
"In some respects, this group of monkeys mimic the human situation," he said, except "we don't have any monkeys that don't drink any (alcohol) -- they all drink something."
First, Cunningham and his colleagues in the Center for the Neurobehavioral Study of Alcohol found evidence in the urine of "oxidative damage" to the liver. He explained that the metabolism of alcohol in the liver generates "reactive oxygen" which can damage liver tissue. To track that, they chose to follow damage to lipids, since cell structure is influenced by lipids.
The damaged liver produces isoprostanes in the urine -- tiny pieces of oxidized lipids. "There is a dramatic increase in the level of these lipid products in heavy drinkers," Cunningham
said. There are some isoprostanes in the urine of moderately drinking monkeys and only low amounts in the light drinkers.


text:
Shareable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) is an XML-based framework used to define and access information about learning objects so they can be easily shared among different learning management systems (LMSs). SCORM was developed in response to a United States Department of Defense (DoD) initiative to promote standardization in e-learning.
The DoD had been frustrated by problems they encountered when trying to share distance learning courses among different learning management systems used within the Department, so in 1997 they formed the Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) specification group to create a way to make learning content portable across various systems. ADL created the first version of SCORM, which originally stood for Shareable Courseware Object Reference Model. It was designed to facilitate moving course content and related information (such as student records) from one platform to another, to make course content into modular objects that can be reused in other courses, and to enable any LMS to search others for usable course content.
The SCORM specifications, which are distributed through the Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) Initiative Network, define an XML-based means of representing course structures, an application programming interface (API), a content-to-LMS data model, a content launch specification, and a specification for metadata records for all components of a system. The ADL specification group's next challenge is to motivate vendors to comply with SCORM specifications.


text:
Minecraft is a game where we can develop our imagination to the fullest, since it is characterized by being like a "sandbox" in which we are allowed to do whatever we want.
In fact, it is even possible to create complicated mechanisms that facilitate our day to day playing. If you want to discover what they are, today we explain how to make or craft a panel or sunlight sensor in Minecraft in a simple and fast way.
After having so many years in the lives of millions of people, Minecraft has managed to have more updates than we can remember. That is why today we show you how you can make one of the most useful and most used mechanisms, so that you can keep up to date with everything that this wonderful game offers us.
How to craft a panel or light sensor in Minecraft?
When we manage to download and install Minecraft, we will surely realize that it has many different aspects; so many that many times we don't know where to start. But one of the most important, interesting and used features of the entire game are the different mechanisms that we can use to facilitate the tasks that we carry out in our day to day playing.
One of the most useful building blocks for these complicated mechanisms is without a doubt the sunlight sensor. If you want to start immersing yourself in the wonderful world of mechanics within Minecraft, we encourage you to keep reading and discover how you can create or craft one of these useful solar sensors.
Steps to craft a light sensor in Minecraft
Of course, before you start crafting the famous light sensor in Minecraft, you need to have an idea of how to get started with redstone.
That is why we encourage you to look for the guide you need to be able to build the redstone mechanisms you want without any problem. Having said that, we first show you what you need to create the sunlight sensor.
All you need is three glass blocks, three infra-quartz and three wooden slabs of any kind. That's it! When you have all the materials, you just have to find a crafting table and put the materials in the following way:
- First, put the three glass blocks in the three spaces in the top row.
- Then put the three infra-quarters in the three spaces in the middle row.
- And finally, fill the entire row below with the three wooden tiles of any type.
How can you use the sunlight sensor in Minecraft?
When you have created or crafted your light sensor, you will surely be wondering how this special block works. Well, basically, you can use it to power all the redstone mechanisms you create. What sensors of this type do is take the sunlight of the moment to power whatever you want , just like a real-life solar panel.
If it is noon, which is when there is the greatest amount of sunlight in the game, the sensor will emit a signal of up to 15 blocks; and if it is late, it will be a 5 block signal.
Of course, in order to use it correctly, it is necessary that you know the time in Minecraft accurately, so we recommend that you have a watch on hand within the game.
Thanks to its square shape, it is possible to connect four different circuits to the sensor at once , which greatly facilitates the process of creating large mechanisms with a reliable power source. Also, if you want, you can complement the use of the sensor by making a repeater and redstone comparator and thus make much more complex circuits.
On the other hand, something that will be of great help when working with this sensor is that it also feeds on moonlight , so it will not stop working even at night. We encourage you to continue learning about this topic and to make the most of your time while playing Minecraft.


text:
follow the first fist ball championship for women, where that was victorious Hamburg TS with 91:90 against the TV Krefeld. Fist ball, stillTurnerbund attached, a balance sport for Turner, but its own kind of sport had become not longer. Already 1927 took part in Germany nearly 12,000 crews in the organized fist ball haven.
By the fast spreading of the fistball game and the improvement of the play talents further changes in the set of rules became necessary.Thus since 1922 any more the valid estimates are not counted, but the errors made by a crew. Thus play way and tactics changed substantially, the play became more athletic and more dynamic.
The Second World War stopped again the advancement of the fist ball haven. Only starting from 1947 was it againpossible to accomplish regularly German championships. As consequence of the achievement-oriented development following on it 1960 the international fist ball federation (IFV) was created. 1969 were organized fist ball within the German turn he federation by a federal specialized committee, the 1990, like all other olympic and internationally operated achievement kinds of sport, in a so-called.Technical committee one converted.
fist ball today
modern fist ball main in Europe and South America played, isolated also in North America, Africa and Asia. Most spreading finds it in countries with high German-language emigrant portion. Prominent fist ball nations are Germany (9x world champion of men,2x WM women), Brazil (2x WM of men), Austria and Switzerland (1x WM women). Further fist ball nations are: Italy, Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay, Canada, Namibia, Tschechien, Denmark, Japan, India, the USA, Greece, Malta, Mexico, Poland, Spain, Taiwan, Ukraine and Hungary.
There were the first world championships, which take place every four years, in the years 1968 (men) and 1994 (women). Beyond that continental championships find instead of (z. B. European championships) as well as continental championships on association level (European Cup, South America cup,Africa cup, world cup, IVF cup). In most countries with numerous fist ball trailers national championships are delivered from federal leagues to circle and gau leagues, by men, women, young people and pupils.
Acting world champion with the men is Brazil, who defeated 1999 Germany scarcely in the final game, after Germany with thatnine preceding world championships had triumphed. Brazil defended 2003 in the own country its title, likewise against Germany. With the women Swiss 2002 the title got themselves against Brazil.
in Germany gives it a split federal league: North and south. The threecrews bestplazierten in each case play the German masters during a separate tournament out.
Fist ball is not olympic, but since years with the World Games represent. Apart from well-known kinds of sport such as football, tennis or Leichtathletik the fist ball haven a fringe group existence fristet. For this reason is also not „the large money "in the play, why fist ball applies with many as a sympathetic and uninfluenced sport, with which it to players and fans equally around the sport as such goes and not salaries the excursion for club membership to give.
in the followingTables are the acting masters of international and national competitions.
|Meistertitel||title carrier||final game opponent||sentence result||venue||date|
|world champion of men||Brazil||Germany||20:12, 20:13, 20:8||postage Alegre (Brazil)||23. November of 2003|
|world champions Mrs.||Schweiz||Brazil||16:20, 23:21, 25:23||Curitiba (Brazil)||10. November2002|
|World Games winners of men||Austria||Brazil||20:11, 14:20, 15:20, 20:17, 23:21||Duisburg||24. July of 2005|
|European champions of men||Austria||Germany||20:17, 20:13, 20:15||new village (Switzerland)||29. August of 2004|
|European champions Mrs.||Deutschland||Switzerland||20:16, 20:11||tubing brook (Austria)||20. August 2005|
|Meistertitel||title carrier||final game opponent||sentence result||Venue||date|
|world cup of men (field)||Sogipa postage Alegre (BRA)||FBC Askö Linz Urfahr (AUT)||14:20, 16:20, 20:15, 20:18, 20:18||Windhoek (Namibia)||8. October 2005|
|world cup Mrs. (field)||Sogipa postage Alegre (BRA)||TV Voerde (D)||18:20, 16:20, 20:17, 20:13, 20:13||Windhoek (Namibia)||8. October 2005|
|European Cup field of men||union send to free city (AUT)||FBC Askö Linz Urfahr (AUT)||20:15, 20:17, 12:20, 20:15||free city (Austria)||3. July 2005|
|European Cup field Mrs.||Ahlhorner sports association (D)||FBS streaks (CH)||20:16, 20:9||Jona (Switzerland)||3. July 2005|
|master resounds men||TV Westfalia Hamm||TV GH Brettorf||20:5, 10:20, 21:19||Ebersdorf||27. February of 2005|
|masters resounds to Mrs.||TV Voerde||TV Jahn Schneverdingen||14:20, 20:13, 20:11||Stuttgart master home||6. March of 2005|
|masters field of men||TV Westfalia Hamm||TV GH Brettorf||20:9, 20:10||Waibstadt||17. September of 2005|
|masters field Mrs.||TV Jahn Schneverdingen||TV Voerde||20:14, 16:20, 20:08||Waibstadt||17. September 2005|
|master field of men||KTV Widnau||fG Rickenbach - Wilen|| 2:0 victories |
3:0 (20: 15, 20:10, 20:11)
3:2 (11: 20, 17:20, 20:15, 20:17, 20:14)
|Widnau||11. September of 2005|
|masters field Mrs.||FBS streaks||STV Wigoltingen||2:0 (20: 17,20:9)||Vordemwald||25. September of 2005|
|masters resounds men||KTV Widnau||fG Rickenbach - to Wilen||3:0 (20: 14, 20:12, 20:15)||Widnau||20. February of 2005|
|masters resounds to Mrs.||FBR Embrach||FBS streaks||2:1 (15: 12, 12:15, 15:11)||Jona||27. February 2005|
- Hanspeter Brigger/Hanspeter Erni, Faustball:easily ( info.) Simone
- Pfenninger, fist ball learn: 1000 Trainigsideen (info.)
Web on the left of
federations and result services
- _URL_ official side of the German fist ball federal league
- _URL_ the official fist ball side for Germany
- _URL_ result servicefor fist ball in Germany
- _URL_ world-wide link list (associations, federations, championships)
- _URL_ Swiss fist ball commission FaKo CH
- _URL_ internationally Fistball Association (IFA)
- _URL_ side of the Austrian fist ball federation
- _URL_ youth side for fist ball in Germany
- _URL_ official side of the Italian fist ball federation (FIF)
fist ball sets of rules
- specified in the above article apply for homepage) [
- work on ] fist ball photo picture gallery photo of national and
- tournaments 2004 picture gallery photo of national and international tournaments to the adult range. For young people andTo Minis see sets of rules.
|This article was taken up to the list of the articles worth reading.|


What is Ultimate?
Ultimate is fun!
Ultimate is a fast paced, non-contact sport suitable for people of all ages. Ultimate combines the speed of soccer with the throwing and catching of basketball and football.
Games are self-officiated and players settle disputes amongst themselves using a code of ethics known as "Spirit of the Game". All you need to play is a field and a disc, what are you waiting for?
Ultimate in 10 Simple Rules
As found on usaultimate.org
1. The Field: A rectangular shape with end zones at each end. A regulation field is 70 yards long by 40 yards wide, with end zones 20 yards deep.
2. Starting Play: Each point begins with both teams lining up on the front of opposite end zone lines. The defense throws ("pulls") the disc to the offense. A regulation game has seven players per team.
3. Scoring: Each time the offense catches a pass in the defense's end zone, the offense scores a point. The teams switch direction after every goal, and the next point begins with a new pull by the team that just scored.
7. Non-contact: Players must attempt to avoid physical contact during play. Picks and screens are also prohibited.
8. Fouls: When a player initiates contact that affects the play, a foul occurs. When a foul causes a player to lose possession, the play resumes as if the possession was retained. If the player that the foul was called against disagrees with the foul call, the play is redone.
10. Spirit of the Game: The foundation of the rules in ultimate is Spirit of the Game, which places the responsibility for fair play on the player. Competitive play is encouraged, but never at the expense of respect between players, adherence to the rules, and the basic joy of play.
TUL letters transparent.png


text:
| ||Simply put, livestock traceability is tracking the path and the history of an animal. It is the linking of premises identification (PID), animal identification and the recording of animal movement. Traceability systems are important, effective tools that can be used for many things, including the protection of animal health, public health and food safety. Livestock traceability helps government and industry to prevent… prepare… respond… and recover quickly and effectively to manage disease outbreaks. This helps minimize economic impacts. For more traceability information, click here. To see how traceability fits into Canada's national food safety strategy, click here.
Contact Us: 310-FARM (3276)
Traceability in Alberta is one more step on the road to ensuring the safety of our animal, food products and excellence in emergency management.


text:
In California, there is no statute of limitations for collecting child support. This means that uncollected child support is always enforceable until fully paid.
There is also no statute of limitations for determining paternity. Whenever paternity is determined, child support payments may be sought and enforced until the child turns 18 or graduates high school. If high school graduation occurs after the age of 18, child support payments may be collected until the child turns 19.
In case of a disability (physical or mental) that prevents a son or daughter from finding employment, the parents may agree in a Family Law Court to continue child support for longer.


Creating Handdrawn 3D Papercut in Procreate | Brenda Bakker | Skillshare
Creating Handdrawn 3D Papercut in Procreate
Brenda Bakker, ♥ Sharing my skills is sharing my joy ♥
Creating Handdrawn 3D Papercut in Procreate
Brenda Bakker, ♥ Sharing my skills is sharing my joy ♥
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9 Lessons (1h 11m)
 - 1. Intro
 - 2. Importing Brushset and Watercolorpaper Canvas
 - 3. Creating the basic cactus
 - 4. Adding extra's and highlights to the cactus
 - 5. Creating the 3D Paper Cut Effect
 - 6. Extra: Troubleshooting selection
 - 7. Drawing a flower with 2 3D Paper Cuts
 - 8. Valentine with extra difficulties
 - 9. Bonus Class: extra tips an ideas
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About This Class
Hi and welome to my new Skillshare Class on how to Create fun 3D Papercuts in Procreate,
I just love to draw in procreate, but I also love the authentic look of a real painting. So why not combine those two?
In this class I will teach you my way of creating some fun Papercuts made from your own drawings. You can use it with any form or style you prefer. I just used some simple sketches to keep the class short for you just to teach and show you the skills for creating the papercuts. Those cuts you can use to create stickers and use those for your cricut or save as png and save for clip art or digital scapbooking. The possibilities are huge. At the end of the class I will show you on how to remove the watercolorpaper effect only from your background.
I will provide a special watercolorcanvas which is realy important to get a realistic and non digital feel and also I share a very small brushset. You can find them in the class project section. Make sure you are in your browser to download them and not in the skillshare app.
You also will be needing an Ipad with procreate and a pressure sensitive stylus.
So join me in this class and let's have some fun!
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Brenda Bakker
♥ Sharing my skills is sharing my joy ♥
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1. Intro: Yes. Hi there and welcome to my new procreate class. My name is Brenda bunker and I'm from the Netherlands. In this class, I will be teaching you how to create hand-drawn 3D paper, cut him procreate. I'm going to teach you these three examples. We're starting out with the cactus and we're going to make a digital cutouts of your drawing. And the second one is this one. And here we have a two piece cut out on an Android behind. And for the last one will be creating this Valentine card, which is a little bit more difficult because it's like a puzzle. And we are going to combine different styles and using some lettering. And just combine these outline shaped within the frame. So it looks like it's just one piece of the frame. And as a bonus of this class, I will be teaching you how to create stickers with a watercolour paper texture on it about a, with a clear background so you can save them as a PNG. So I, I hope you will be liking this class and let's get started. 2. Importing Brushset and Watercolorpaper Canvas : So the first thing we wanna do is getting the procreate brush set and the procreate watercolor canvas. For that, we have to go through your browser. Don't open the skill share app, but go through your browser, go to your class, go to the project and Resources section. And here you will find the watercolor canvas and dueling brush set for importing it. You have to lick it. You want to download it? Yes, I want to download it near you can see the little arrow here is going to download. And for that part, and you will click on it. And it will import right away to procreate. And you will find it's the first thing in your left upper corner of your gallery. Now we're going to import the brushes for debt. We also going throw your browser. We go into the sketchy dueling brush heads. If you already done that clause, you, it's the same set so you don't have to download it again. And also the same goes for the canvas. Download it, click on it, download it, and it will import. Now, click on it right away. And you will find it here with your downloads sketchy dueling brush yet click on it again. It will import and you will find it with your rachet. Just open any Canvas and on the top of your brush library, you will find the new set. So this is just a small brush it I will be using in this class, but you can make your drawings on any confess you like, and any use, any brushes you like. So it's just something to start out with f and see you in class. 3. Creating the basic cactus : So first of all, I'm going to start out with making a sketch of a cactus in a pot. I want this to be my photos. So it's just a sketch. She don't have to be precise about it. So sketch it here to make it a wobbly kind of cactus, Gaza like that. I don't want him to be precise. Something like here and something on top. And I want to have something here also. And perhaps a little flower. Well, this looks cheerful, Right? So I think my sketches really lets go and draw it for real. So I make this one less visible. Create new layer on top of that, and go to my dry ink brush. Have it in black. And if you already seen my sketchy doodling clause, you know, my way of drawing. And I want my light to come from up here, my shadows from up here. So my darker and my thicker and darker lines in areas will be on the left and on the downside of every stroke I make. So I millennium layer and I'll go into draw about over it. So a thicker line here, line here, a thinner line with less pressure. And a thinner line on this size. Also going to draw here sick, sick sinner. And from this also starting sick going to sin, maybe a little thicker here and a down area because debt will be catching more shed and also a startup thick, thick, thick, lifted the bits marathoner and make it thinner, thick and again. And it looks nice when it's not smooth shape because it's hand-drawn. So if you have hesitations, please let it be. Get readership perfection here. And here are also going to start out with a sick lines thinner, maybe hear a little thicker afterwards, but we'll check on how it works. So sick, thin, thin, thins sick again. And thick, thick, thick centers in SEMS thick. And also with here, I'm going to start sinner. And here more pressure. And this is a simple but thick, thin, sick in thick, thin, thick, thin and thick and thin. I think my drawing is okay like this. So let's get rid of the original sketch. Deleted. I don't need it anymore. And let's go give it some color. And four did, I'm going to choose green, I think a middle green. And I'm going to choose my watercolor scribbled brush and ongoing on a layer underneath this one. Because I want to keep my lines in touch. And I'm going to draw the greening of the characters. And you see when I have more pressure, it gets darker and when I lift my pencil a bit, it's less dark. So make a variety of colors. It's no worries if you go outside the lines because we moved it away later, we can erase that part and wanted to make it a little darker here. And now I am going to smash it and I want to smudge it with the same tool. So I go to Mesh much to leave my pencil on the screen. And now it's directly have the same brush. And not only matching it because you will get rid of all the texture. We don't want to, we want to keep the texture so we go into what I'm doing, just tap and depth. And if the color is too dark and going to smudge in some wide again from outside the lines. That's nothing you can


Ripple Matrix
This work is a 8 x 15 array of full-color LEDs, driven by an embedded Linux board. Each LED is addressable, and optical sensors trigger interactions when someone is in proximity. The algorithm is a digital simulation of the 2-dimensional wave equation. Think of water in the bathtub: it's quiescent when not disturbed. However triggering an optical sensor does the digital equivalent of throwing a rock in a pool: it disturbs the initial conditions, and sends ripples propagating away.


How Does IBD Affect Your Sex Life?
How Does IBD Affects Your Sex Life? Image
How Does IBD Affect Your Sex Life?
How Does IBD Affect Your Sex Life?
Painful sex is a common IBD associated complication. Consulting a doctor is necessary. People suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are always concerned about their intimacy. They tend to hide their emotions and feel embarrassed to converse about their problems to a doctor or nurse. In majority of the IBD cases, the sexual life of people remains unaffected. But during a flare-up, people may exhibit a lack of interest in sexual activities. Fortunately, along with IBD, the psychological issues associated with it can also be medically addressed.
If other treatment options become invalid for treating a certain IBD case then the doctors recommend surgery. It is important that the patient discusses everything with the partner and clearly thinks through before signing up for this option. Surgery is usually the last option and is only done for the betterment of patient's health.
Surgery As A Treatment Option For IBD
Fish Oil Benefits For Male Sexual Health ImageAs stated above, the doctor only recommends surgery when it is the only treatment option left. Surgery can provide a cure for patients with ulcerative colitis. However, for patients with Crohn's disease, surgery may offer relief for a certain episode. It may also help the patients who have multiple parts of their intestine affected badly.
Majority of the patient who undergo surgical procedures for the treatment of IBD recover completely and successfully with only some minor complications. However, the patient must be educated thoroughly about the few changes that may occur after the completion of the surgery.
Post-Surgery Changes In Women
 - Reduced sex drive or in other word diminished or low libido. This change may occur due to patient's own perception about her looks and body and the patient may think that she is less attractive after the surgery.
 - Reduction of sexual feelings and poor sex drive can lead to vaginal dryness. Even if the intercourse is done, it is uncomfortable, painful and short-lasting. This can be handled with switching to a different sex position which may embark excitement and may help in arousal.
 - Using a lubricant gel may also help in alleviating the pain associated with sex. Talking to the partner and discussing new exciting horizons to the relationship can have a positive impact. In order to feel better the patient must first find herself attractive.
Post-Surgery Changes In Men
Surgery, at times, may damage or cut the nerves present around the genital organs located near the bowel area. As a result, the patient may find difficulty in obtaining a strong erection or even ejaculating. Most of times the nerves recover back to the normal state but it may take a couple or more years to happen. Seeking the partner's patience will help in exploring other methods for gaining sexual pleasure.
 - Jedel, S., Hood, M. M., & Keshavarzian, A. (2015). Getting personal: a review of sexual functioning, body image, and their impact on quality of life in IBD patients. Inflammatory bowel diseases, 21(4), 923.


Get to Know About the Primitive Survival Tools That We Still Use
If you have seen someone saying, 'it is primitive', it usually means that it is not the same today as it once was. Primitive technology is the term that is used to define the ways people make things using everything from scratch. There is still a group of people who live their life without modern technology and tools, these are called primitive people. They believe that like their ancestors used to live, they can also create things from scratch and make themselves skilled enough to survive even if modern technology fades away.
Primitive technology is a genre of YouTube videos that are usually 15 minutes long. The basic idea behind these videos that everything can be made with the basic tools and without the influence of modern tools. Though the rest of the world is stocking up the resources and things to make sure they are ready for the time when there is no technology, there are people who are getting ready by making themselves capable of making things from scratch.
Though primitive people use the basic primitive survival tools to make things from scratch certain tools are primitive and are being used by many people nowadays. So, let's take a look at the primitive survival tools that were used by the oldest people to make things and are still in use.
1. The Axe
The axe is one of the tools that were used in the old times and are still used today. It has been said that the original axe was made around 1.9 million years ago during the stone age. It was nothing but all stones that were sharpened and shaped into the axe. With time, it changed and the advancements were made according to the use. There was no shaft in the old axe but today, we have developed a shaft that helps in swinging. Today, this tool is used for several purposes such as chopping, cutting, hunting, and war. There are several variations made to the axe according to the purpose it is fulfilling today.
2. Saw
Though today, we see the saw being used as a weapon for execution and torture, it was never meant for that purpose. Originally, the saw was made by odd materials such as flint and seashells but as time passed and technology advanced, people started making it from copper and iron. Saw was never this much sharper, stronger, and effective as it is today. Saw was designed for construction and today, with the advancements and changes, it is still used for construction.
3. Bow and Arrow
Bow and arrow is another tool that was used in the old-time and is still being used for various purposes. It is said by historians that the original bow and arrow was made in Africa around 64,000 years ago. Bow and arrow became common when those people who made it, migrated with them to different places. Originally, the tool is meant to hunt food but as the war became common, sadly it became a weapon against humanity.
Bow and arrow have different purposes such as it is a hunting device and it is also used in athletic competitions. While there are regions, the bow and arrow are stills used to hunt food.
4. Hammer
The hammer is similar to a hand axe and it is said that it is the combination of club and hand axe. The hammer was used for construction but it was also a means for hunting and fighting. At first, it was just a blunted stone but as the technology evolved, the hammer was made by molding the iron into a shaft to hit nails to wood and to wedge things together As of today, many different hammers exist depending on the material they are made from and for the purpose they are made.
5. Knives
It is one of the most versatile and commonly used primitive tools that is being used today. Even today, there are several purposes for using a knife such as self-defense, chopping food, hunting, surgical purposes, and many other things. It is said the knives are made from the axe and it has remained in its original design for most of the part.
Knives are made from various materials such as steel, iron, and ceramic composites. The originals were made from stones, seashells, and animal bones. Today, it is being made from different materials and is used for different purposes.
These are some of those tools that were used by the people who made things originally from scratch. These are the people who made these tools from scratch but we are still using these tools for our common use in this modern world.


text:
You might get the following error when there is any issue related to a SPN in the environment:
1) Login failed for user 'null'
2) Login failed for user ''
3) Login failed for user 'NT Authority\Anonymous Logon'
4) Cannot generate SSPI context
We get these errors when we use windows authentication and there is more than one hop involved in the scenario before passing the authentication to the final destination. For example while browsing a web site which use windows authentication or in case of a linked server.
Let's take the most common example, when you are browsing a website that is hosted in IIS server and stores information in SQL database. In this case the data is stored in SQL, The web application which is hosted in a separate IIS server talks to this SQL server through windows authentication. Now when a user logs in to the web site on a third box which is also in the same domain as the IIS and SQL server and tries to browse the website, his user account is passed to SQL server via the IIS box in between.
This kind of scenario is called a double hop where the authentication is passed from the originating box (where the user actually opens the website in IE) to the final box (SQL server) in two hops (1. originating box to IIS 2. IIS box to SQL box). In these types of scenarios, Kerberos is a must. Because NTLM cannot delegate authentication in multiple hops.
For Kerberos to work we need proper SPN. If Proper SPNs are not found in active directory, we will encounter the above errors. When we say proper SPN, it means that the SPN should be in proper format, should contain the right information and should not be duplicate.
Prerequisites for Kerberos delegation to work.
1. All computers must be running Windows 2000 or later.
2. All computers must be in the same domain, or domains that trust one another.
3. The domain(s) must be using Active Directory.
4. Kerberos depends on synchronized timing between computers. Out-of-sync computer clocks may cause Kerberos authentication to fail. So all the machines involved in this scenario should have their time synchronised time.
Active Directory Settings
1. Domain users who will be connecting through IIS to SQL Server must not have their domain user accounts marked as "Account is sensitive and cannot be delegated" or should have their "Account is trusted for delegation" checked in the Active Directory Users and Computers tool.
2. The IIS server (the computer that will be delegating) must have "trust computer for delegation" Checked in the Active Directory Users and Computers tool.
3. The IWAM account in case of IIS 5 and in case of IIS 6 and higher, the Log on account for the application pool under which the web application is running must also have "Trust this user for delegation" Checked in the Active Directory Users and Computers tool.
4. It is necessary to register a "Service Principal Name" (SPN) for SQL Server if SQL Server is not running under the LocalSystem account or a domain admin account. If you are running the SQL service under LocalSystem it will automatically create a SPN for the machine account in active directory and if you are running the SQL service in a domain admin account even in that case it will create its own SPN. But if you are running the SQL account in a different domain account you need to manually create the SPN.
To Create SPN you need to have the domain admin privileges. You can use the SETSPN tools to create or delete SPNs. The SETSPN tool comes with the Windows 2000 Resource Kit Tool.
First run the command "SETSPN –L " to find out if there is any improper or duplicate SPN(this command does not require domain admin privilages). A valid SQL SPN should be in the format "MSSQLSvc/:" ex: MSSQLSvc/SQLServer.MyDomain.Com:1433. If you find any improper or duplicate SQL SPN then delete them using the command "SETSPN –D < domain\SQLService account >"
(You can also use a tool called Delegconfig to find out if there is a duplicate SPN. You can download this tool from the link _URL_
Then add the appropriate SPN with the command "SETSPN –A MSSQLSvc/: < domain\SQLService account >"
If you are trying to connect to a SQL cluster you need to have two SPNs. One with the port and one without. With thefollowing format:
MSSQLSvc/.:
MSSQLSvc/.
5. For Active Directory to work correctly, DNS must also function correctly. If you are having DNS problems, Kerberos will fail, due to name lookup problems. You can do a ping –a to find out if the IP address and FQDN is being resolved properly.
1. Client computers must be running Internet Explorer 5.0 or later
2. In IE, it may be necessary to turn on "Enable Windows Integrated Authentication" in the browser's Advanced Options.
3. Browsers can't be going through a proxy server. If using a proxy must select option in IE to "bypass proxy for local addresses"
1. Only Windows Authentication, or Windows and Basic, if necessary (see below), should be enabled on the web site or virtual folder. Digest authentication does not support delegation
2. Specify a trusted connection to SQL Server with "Integrated Security=SSPI" in the connection string.
Author : Snehadeep, SQL Developer Engineer, Microsoft
Reviewed by : SMAT, SQL Escalation Services, Microsoft