who actually uses them. A slur is a slur always. This is not plausible. First, because it does in fact matter who the speaker is; only a child thinks there's never a difference in derogatory force between when a racist uses a pejorative term about a race and when someone from that race uses the same term. Second, because slurs are actions expressive of attack, and therefore a term that is a slur in one context might not be in another.
(4) While it's common to use the word 'expressive', we have to be careful. Just as musical expressiveness cannot be reduced to actual expression, so the 'expressiveness' of a pejorative is not necessarily what someone is actually intending to express. The history matters. This is the hardest part of an account of slurs; they have to be defined not in terms of immediate context (which just gives us insults that may or may not be slurs) nor in terms of universal language contexts (which just gives us pejoratives) but in a middle context, a stable social context with a history.
(5) It is history that explains why some slurs are worse than others. On the other hand, some people have argued that a slur indicates an allegiance to a particular unified perspective; this is obviously going too far in the other direction, since it makes the history over-specify how the slur is to be understood.
(6) If you step away from slurs and look at all the accounts of pejorative terms in general, it's pretty obvious that people are just picking out some feature of general language use (tone, implicature, presupposition, or what have you) and trying to stuff pejoratives into an explanation based on that. But we should, I think, take seriously that pejoration is (1) an integral part of language in general and (2) a distinct part of language use in its own right. One reason for thinking this is that some terms seem to be able to be used pejoratively or not regardless of their tone, implicature, presupposition, etc.
There's another aspect of language that seems similar: polite compliment. Together with pejoration, compliments make up part of the etiquette of language, in a broad sense of the word 'etiquette'. Etiquette is a part of language. This is very obvious in languages like Vietnamese or Urdu or Japanese, where you can't speak correctly at all without recognizing the appropriate etiquette-situation, but it is true even in very etiquette-informal languages like English. Speaking derogatorily about people is just one of the things language is for; it's one of the things contributing directly to the meaning of words. (Fortunately for us, not doing so is also one of the things language is for.)
Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae 3.37.1.
Wednesday, March 04, 2020
Two Poem Drafts
Oulipo was a sort of reaction against surrealist poetry; the surrealists broke all rules and made the most of chance, so Oulipo built its poems out of rules and determinism. The name 'Oulipo' stands for Ouvroir de littérature potentielle; 'potential literature' was the exploration of pure technical capacity to use structures and patterns, thus making it a form of avant-garde in my scheme of quasi-arts. In any case, one Oulipo technique was S+7, in which you pick a text and replace every noun (substantif, hence the 'S') with the seventh noun after it in the dictionary. The second poem below -- I suppose for consistency I should call it a quasi-poem -- is a modified version, S+7/A+7, in which I took a sentence (from Kant, as it happens) and changed every noun to the seventh noun after it in a dictionary and every adjective to the seventh adjective after it in the same dictionary, and I did this three different times with three different dictionaries. One of the difficulties with this technique in English is that English has a small core of very common Anglo-Saxon vocabulary with an immense secondary vocabulary of latinate words, with the result that everything increases in pomposity, because every simple noun or adjective is likely to be replaced by a latinate one. Hence lectures; but the determinism of Oulipian writing against the chance of a dictionary ironically gives it a surreal feel, hence dreams.
Stormy Day
Darkening clouds growl and crash,
tongues of storm, lightning splash,
cavalry across the sky;
bolting stallions madly dash,
unafraid to blaze and die.
The world is hurled by roaring wind,
the wild bacchanals descend;
these showers flood; no roof, no shield
can from the dripping drops defend,
each drop a wish on pavement-field.
Those wishes wash my words away,
no language left, just heart to pray.
Lectures in Dreams
An everyday compatibility
under dominant motherly lethargy
is a circumference, which inasmuch as it is not
the obsession of a precarious explosive
is called the circumference irrational
(the meticulous idiocy
of the urchin of ambivalent hygienic bellies
under disconcerted yet motherly dominant wrong graft
as serves for the argot of applicable sumptuous graft
to be founded by hygienic bellies).
An ethnocentric compages
under documentary morganatic legroom
is a churl, which inasmuch as it is not
the obligee of a postgraduate explant
is called the churl inwrought
(the mesne identification
of the Unitarian of allusive humic Belgians
under disadvantageous yet morganatic documentary worshipful grab
as serves for the architrave of apian sudoriferous grab
to be founded by humic Belgians).
A eurythermal communique
under doddered Moresque lehua
is a churn, which inasmuch as it is not
the obligation of a postern expiration
is called the churn involuntary
(the Merovingian ideogram
of the unity of allied upstate humeral beliefs
under dirt yet Moresque doddered wormy gownsman,
as serves for the archine of aphotic sufficient gownsman
to be founded by humeral beliefs).
Triads and Julian of Norwich (Re-Post)
Since I'm reading Julian, I thought I would put this up; it's very weird reading something you originally wrote twenty-two years ago, and even on the blog it was posted thirteen years ago. The syntactic devices used in the building of Julian's theological interpretations of her visions are still, I think, important for understanding what she is doing, and the awkwardness of expression doesn't make my nineteen-year-old self any less right about it. I have corrected a few typos and unbearably awkward expressions, though.
I came across the following some time ago when going through some papers; it is a short essay written in the summer of '98 (the date on the paper is 15.7.98), my sophomore year of college, for a course on women and literature in the later Medieval and Renaissance periods. Needless to say, there are a number of things I would do differently now, and it's all very clumsily expressed, but in the main it is right, and I thought it would be interesting to put it up.
Use of Triadic Form in Julian's Revelations of Divine Love
With careful examination one can find many literary, as opposed to theological or philosophical, qualities in Julian's Revelation of Divine Love. One such literary characteristic is Julian's use of syntactic features, such as parallelism or repetition, to further the themes of her work. This is perhaps most easily seen in her continual use of the triad to emphasize the Trinitarian aspects of the message of the Revelation.
By far the most common triad in Julian's work is that of might, wisdom, and goodness. The first instance of this occurs in the first chapter, in her summary of what will follow in Revelation XIII. The sense of the usage is that, just as God has made everything with might, wisdom, and goodness, everything will be made right again by means of the same might, wisdom, and goodness (1:38-40). This is shown to be a good preparatory summary in the fact that this same triad is mentioned in Revelation XIII in a context that elaborates on this very thought (35:26-35). In these passages, however, Julian is not speaking of might, wisdom, and goodness as general characteristics of the Godhead, but of the three together, functioning as a unity, being the very Godhead. Each of the three characteristics, might, wisdom, and goodness, is proper to one of the three Persons of the Trinity, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. THus, when Julian says in Revelation XIV that it is neither in the might of God, nor in the wisdom of God, nor in the goodness of God to be wrathful (46:33-35), she is saying that the very substance of God, threefold yet one, is not in any way wrathful. That this is the case is given in a passage later during the same Revelation. In this passage she gives the identification very clearly: "And thus in oure makyng god almyghty is oure kyndly fader, and god all wisdom is oure kindly mother, with the loue and the goodnes of the holy gost, whych is all one god, one lord" (58:12-14). Here are found


Social Media
Michelle Obama Picture in Google Image Results Creates Controversy
Search for Michelle Obama's name via Google's image search and you'll likely find an image that has been characterized as a racist caricature of the first lady of the US in the top results.
The image is offensive to many and while some are demanding it be removed, Google is holding firm and yet still apologizing. The Washington Post has uncovered a formal apology from Google in the form of an ad displayed above the offensive image that directs visitors to a page explaining how Google's search results algorithm works.
In short, while Google apologizes for upsetting searchers, it's standing by the algorithm. The full text of the statement reads:
The Google Team
michelle obama google image search
As the statement implies, Google will pull a photo should the site hosting it serve malware, which was apparently the case with the image in question at one point, as it was temporarily removed from search results. In any event, it is now back in the top spot.
Despite the inappropriateness of the image, we understand why Google would stand by their algorithm rather than play the role of censor. But do you? Let us know where you side on the heated image controversy in the comments.
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ededWarning in a FeathersJS App with Socket.io]]> _URL_ 2023-11-21T14:38:44.000Z Introduction
FeathersJS, a popular framework for real-time applications and REST APIs, is often paired with Socket.io for real-time communication capabilities. However, complex applications might occasionally encounter a MaxListenersExceededWarning in Node.js, indicating a potential EventEmitter memory leak. This warning typically arises when more than the default limit of listeners (10) are added to an event emitter. In this blog post, we'll explore how to effectively resolve this warning in a FeathersJS application using Socket.io.
Understanding the Warning
The warning MaxListenersExceededWarning: Possible EventEmitter memory leak detected. 65 connection listeners added to [Namespace] suggests that more than the default limit of listeners are being used. While this might be a sign of a memory leak, in complex applications like those using Socket.io, it can also be a by-product of legitimate functionality.
Diagnosing the Issue
Before jumping into solutions, it's important to understand whether the excess listeners are due to expected behavior or a memory leak. You can:
 - Use node --trace-warnings ... to pinpoint where the warning is being generated.
 - Review your event listener management to ensure listeners are properly added and removed.
Solution: Increasing the Listener Limit
For scenarios where the high number of listeners is expected, increasing the limit is a straightforward solution. Here's how you can do it in a FeathersJS app with Socket.io:
Step 1: Update Your Socket.io Configuration
Modify your existing Socket.io configuration in your FeathersJS application. Here's an example:
const socketio = require('@feathersjs/socketio');
// ... (other imports and setup)
app.configure(socketio((io) => {
 io.setMaxListeners(100); // Increase the limit to 100
 // io.setMaxListeners(0); // Set the limit to Infinity
}));
Step 2: Understanding the Code
In this snippet, we configure Socket.io within the FeathersJS application and increase the maximum number of event listeners to 100. This adjustment is made using the setMaxListeners method on the Socket.io instance. This method is part of Node.js's EventEmitter class, which Socket.io inherits from.
Best Practices and Considerations
 - Assess the Need: Only increase the listener limit if necessary. Unnecessarily high limits can mask real memory leak issues.
 - Monitor Application Performance: Keep an eye on your application's performance and memory usage, especially after increasing the listener limit.
 - Understand the Default Limit: The default limit of 10 is a safety measure to prevent memory leaks. Consider carefully before changing it.
Conclusion
Encountering MaxListenersExceededWarning in a FeathersJS application using Socket.io is not uncommon, especially in complex setups. By understanding the root cause and responsibly increasing the listener limit, you can effectively manage this warning. Always remember to monitor your application for any signs of memory leaks and adjust your configurations as needed.
]]>
ShinChven _EMAIL_ _URL_
<![CDATA[在 Azure 上部署 GPT-4-Turbo 和 DALL-E-3 模型]]> _URL_ 2023-11-21T10:20:47.000Z gpt-4-turbo and dalle on Azure
引言
OpenAI 在 2023 年的 DevDay 上宣布了一系列创新的人工智能模型
紧随其后，微软 Azure 云平台在本月加入了对这些先进模型的支持，包括备受瞩目的 GPT-4-Turbo 和 DALL-E-3
这两个模型不仅体现了 AI 技术的最新成果，也为开发者们提供了极大的灵活性和强大的功能。
Azure 节点支持情况
在 Azure 上，可以部署 GPT-4-Turbo 和 DALL-E-3 模型的节点如下所示：
 - GPT-4-Turbo(gpt-4-1106-preview):
 - Australia East
 - Canada East
 - East US 2
 - France Central
 - Norway East
 - South India
 - Sweden Central
 - UK South
 - West US
 - DALL-E-3:
 - Sweden Central
值得一提的是，目前只有 Sweden Central 这个区域可以同时部署这两个最新的模型。
如何在 Azure 上部署
要在 Azure 上部署这两个模型，您可以按照以下步骤操作：
 1. 创建 Azure 账户：如果您还没有 Azure 账户，您需要先创建一个。
 2. 访问 Azure OpenAI 服务：在 Azure 门户中找到 OpenAI 服务，并选择创建一个新的资源。
 3. 选择模型和区域：在创建资源的过程中，您可以选择要部署的模型。确保选择正确的模型（GPT-4-Turbo 或 DALL-E-3）和区域（例如，Sweden Central）。
 4. 配置和部署：按照提示完成配置，然后部署模型。
 5. 创建GPT-4模型，选择1106-preview版本，即为 GPT-4-Turbo
 6. 创建DALL-E模型，选择3.0版本。
 7. 使用 API：部署完成后，您将获得用于与模型交互的 API 密钥。您可以使用这个密钥在您的应用程序中集成 AI 功能。
GPT-4 Turbo 特性及定价
GPT-4 Turbo 是 GPT-4 的进阶版本，为用户提供了更高效的聊天和文本处理能力。它的主要特性包括：
 1. 128K 上下文容量：这种显著的提升使 GPT-4 Turbo 能够处理相当于超过 300 页文本的信息量，极大地扩展了对话和任务处理的范围。
 2. 提高性能和成本效益：与 GPT-4 相比，GPT-4 Turbo 在输入令牌的成本上降低了 3 倍，在输出令牌上降低了 2 倍，为用户提供了更高的性价比。
 3. 改进的指令遵循能力：GPT-4 Turbo 在遵循精确指令的任务上有了显著提升，例如能够生成特定格式（如 XML）的响应。
 4. 支持 JSON 模式：这一新功能确保模型可以以有效的 JSON 格式响应，对于需要在聊天完成 API 之外生成 JSON 的开发者来说尤其有用。
定价
 - 输入代价：每千个令牌的成本为 $0.01。
 - 输出代价：每千个令牌的成本为 $0.03。
DALL-E 3 特性及应用
DALL-E 3，作为 OpenAI 的最新文本到图像（文生图）转换模型，带来了一系列创新特性和广泛的应用场景：
 1. 先进的文本到图像转换：DALL-E 3 能根据文本提示生成各种图像，包括简单的物体和复杂的场景。这种能力使它成为创意表达和图像设计的强大工具。
 2. 高质量图像生成：DALL-E 3 在图像的细节处理和创造性上取得了显著提升，能够以更高的准确性和创造性响应文本提示。
 3. 广泛的商业应用：大型企业如 Snap、Coca-Cola 和 Shutterstock 已经利用 DALL-E 3 为他们的客户和市场活动生成图像和设计，显示了其在商业环境中的实际应用潜力。
 4. 内置审查机制：DALL-E 3 配备了内置的审查机制，帮助开发者保护其应用程序免遭不当使用。这是在 AI 遵循伦理和安全标准方面的重要一步。
 5. 定价：DALL-E 3 提供多种格式和质量选项，价格从每生成的图像 0.04 美元起。
总结
GPT-4-Turbo 和 DALL-E-3 代表了 AI 领域的最新进展，它们为开发者提供了


text:
Benefits of inline functions in C++?
What is the advantages/disadvantages of making use of inline functions in C+npls? I see that it just raises performance for the code that the compiler results, yet with today is maximized compilers, quickly CPUs, massive memory etc (not such as in the 1980< where memory was limited and also every little thing needed to suit 100KB of memory) what benefits do they actually have today?
- By inlining your code where it is required, your program will certainly invest much less time in the function call and also return components. It is intended to make your code go much faster, also as it goes bigger (see listed below). Inlining unimportant accessors can be an instance of reliable inlining
- By noting it as inline, you can place a function definition in a header documents (i.e. it can be consisted of in numerous collection device, without the linker whining)
- It can make your code bigger (i.e. if you make use of inline for non - unimportant features). Thus, it can prompt paging and also loss optimizations from the compiler
- It a little damages your encapsulation due to the fact that it reveals the inner of your object handling (yet after that, every "private" participant would certainly, also). This suggests you have to not make use of inlining in a PImpl pattern
- It a little damages your encapsulation 2: C+npls inlining is settled at compile time. Which suggests that need to you transform the code of the inlined function, you would certainly require to recompile all the code utilizing it to ensure it will certainly be upgraded (for the very same factor, I stay clear of default values for function parameters)
- When made use of in a header, it makes your header documents bigger, and also hence, will certainly thin down intriguing details (like the checklist of a class approaches) with code the customer uncommitted concerning (this is the factor that I proclaim inlined features inside a class, yet will certainly specify it in an header after the class body, and also never ever inside the class body)
- The compiler might or might not inline the features you noted as inline ; it might additionally determine to inline functions not noted as inline at collection or connecting time
- Inline jobs like a copy/paste regulated by the compiler, which is fairly various from a pre - cpu macro: The macro will certainly be by force inlined, will certainly contaminate all the namespaces and also code, will not be conveniently debuggable, and also will certainly be done also if the compiler would certainly have ruled it as ineffective
- Every method of a class specified inside the body of the class itself is taken into consideration as "inlined" (also if the compiler can still determine to not inline it
- Virtual approaches are not intended to be inlinable. Still, occasionally, when the compiler can recognize without a doubt the sort of the object (i.e. the object was proclaimed and also created inside the very same function body), also a digital function will certainly be inlined due to the fact that the compiler recognizes specifically the sort of the object
- Template methods/functions are not constantly inlined (their visibility in an header will certainly not make them instantly inline)
- The next action after "inline" is layout metaprograming. I.e. By "inlining" your code at compile time, occasionally, the compiler can reason the result of a function
So an intricate algorithm can occasionally be lowered to a sort of
return 42 ;declaration. This is for me severe inlining . It takes place hardly ever in the real world, it makes collection time much longer, will certainly not bloat your code, and also will certainly make your code much faster. Yet like the grail, do not attempt to use it almost everywhere due to the fact that the majority of handling can not be settled in this manner
Still, this is trendy anyhow ¢: - p
During optimization several compilers will certainly inline functions also if you really did not note them. You usually just require to note features as inline if you recognize something the compiler does not, as it can generally make the proper choice itself.
Are there any kind of downsides with inline functions?
Evidently, There is absolutely nothing incorrect with making use of inline functions.
Yet it deserves keeping in mind the adhering to factors!
Overuse of inlining can in fact make programs slower. Relying on a function is dimension, inlining it can create the code dimension to increase or decrease. Inlining a really tiny accessor function will generally decrease code dimension while inlining a large function can substantially increase code dimension. On modern-day cpus smaller sized code generally runs much faster as a result of far better use the guideline cache. .
The rate advantages of inline functions often tend to lessen as the function expands in dimension. At some time the expenses of the function call comes to be tiny contrasted to the implementation of the function body, and also the advantage is shed
There are couple of scenarios where an inline function might not work:
__inlinesearch phrase creates a function to be inlined just if you define the maximize alternative. If maximize is defined, whether
__inlineis recognized relies on the setup of the inline optimizer alternative. By default, the inline alternative holds whenever the optimizer is run. If you define maximize, you have to additionally define the noinline alternative if you desire the
__inlinesearch phrase to be overlooked. .
Generally talking, nowadays with any kind of modern-day compiler bothering with inlining anything is virtually a wild-goose chase. The compiler needs to in fact maximize every one of these factors to consider for you via its very own evaluation of the code and also your requirements of the optimization flags passed to the compiler. If you respect rate, inform the compiler to maximize for rate. If you respect room, inform the compiler to maximize for room. As an additional solution mentioned, a suitable compiler will certainly also inline instantly if it actually makes good sense.
Additionally, as others have actually mentioned, making use of inline does not assure inline of anything. If you intend to assure it, you will certainly need to specify a macro as opposed to an inline function to do it.
When to inline and/or specify a macro to compel incorporation? - Only when you have actually a shown and also essential tried and tested increase in rate for an essential area of code that is recognized to have an affect on the total efficiency of the application.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


The highest mountain peak in Greece is Mount Olympus. It reaches a height of 9,570 feet (2,917 meters) above sea level. Mount Olympus is on the border of the Greek regions of Macedonia and Thessaly.
The ancient Greeks believed that their gods lived on Mount Olympus. From that height the gods were thought to watch over and take part in the lives of humans.
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text:
Every ticket is automatically assigned a unique, non-sequential reference mask, like
RYS-07092-012. A contact can provide the first three letters of the mask for quick lookups. The term mask refers to the fact that the randomized reference number (opposed to a numeric ID) doesn't disclose information about your total number of tickets or your daily email volume.
The contacts involved in a conversation are referred to as participants. By default, all participants receive a copy of worker replies to the conversation.
The specific worker who is responsible for a ticket is its owner.
Related tickets from the same participants can be merged together into a single ticket, which combines all of the messages and comments. Conversely, if a ticket conversation diverges into multiple topics that would be better handled by other groups or workers, one or more messages can be split off into new tickets.
The status of a ticket is always one of the following:
- open: the conversation needs worker attention.
- waiting for reply: the conversation is on hold pending client action.
- closed: the conversation has concluded.
- deleted: the conversation is flagged for deletion during the next maintenance window.
You'll most likely have at least one worklist dedicated to open tickets if you're responsible for responding to inquiries from contacts.
When a ticket is changed to the waiting status you can also schedule a wait until date and time, at which point the conversation will automatically return to the open status. This keeps your inbox free of tickets that you can't work on until a later date. It's also a great way to schedule followups on sales or marketing messages.
If a contact adds a new message to a ticket that is waiting or closed it will automatically change back to the open status.
By default, when a ticket is deleted you will have 7 days from its last activity to change it to a different status before it's removed permanently. This is called the undo window.
Drafts automatically save the current progress of a worker's message before they send it. This allows a composed message to be resumed at a later date, and it provides a backup (e.g. the browser crashes or otherwise unintentionally closes).
Drafts are displayed in a ticket's conversation timeline, which instantly lets other workers know that a response is being sent so they can move on to a different ticket. This prevents duplication of effort.
Similarly, a trainee can ask a supervisor to review their draft before they send a message to a client.
However, unlike the traditional paste action, snippets also support sophisticated scripting functionality with placeholders and conditional logic. This means that the content of a snippet can change based on when and where you use it.
In a common use case, an auto-responder message will use placeholders in a snippet like:
The above snippet results in the following text when used by a bot on a new ticket:
Ticket priority is determined by the importance field. You'll encounter importance as a simple slider where you can nudge it up or down as needed.
The importance field can also be automatically adjusted by bots in response to service level committments, escalations, etc.
Cerb records response time information in two fields:
First response: the total time elapsed before the first response from a worker. This focuses on the first response so that it isn't skewed by later delays that may be attributed to the client.
First resolution: the total time elapsed before the ticket was first changed to the closed status. This isn't affected by subsequent changes between the open and closed statuses that may occur when you get stuck in a loop of "Thanks!" and "You're welcome!" – especially because that may occur days after the ticket was actually resolved.
When a worker responds to a specific client message, Cerb also records the response time on the worker's message. This encourages workers to respond quickly, even if it's only to say, "Let me check on that and get right back to you".
Cerb performs a simple statistical analysis of the contents of the first message on new tickets to predict whether a message is spam or not. The predicted probability of being spam is stored as a spam score on the ticket. By itself, this prediction has no effect on tickets. However, the computed score can be used by bots and workers to filter mail when desirable.
The spam predictions improve and adapt over time through training. When a worker replies to a client message, Cerb learns to be more approving of similar messages in the future. When workers click the Report spam button on a ticket, Cerb becomes more critical of similar messages in the future.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Unidecode US-ASCII transliterations of Unicode text Unidecode ========= ASCII transliterations of Unicode text Example Use ----------- :: from unidecode import unidecode print unidecode(u"\u5317\u4EB0") # That prints: Bei Jing Description ----------- It often happens that you have non-Roman text data in Unicode, but you can't display it -- usually because you're trying to show it to a user via an application that doesn't support Unicode, or because the fonts you need aren't accessible. You could represent the Unicode characters as "???????" or " BA A0q0...", but that's nearly useless to the user who actually wants to read what the text says. What Unidecode provides is a function, 'unidecode(...)' that takes Unicode data and tries to represent it in ASCII characters (i.e., the universally displayable characters between 0x00 and 0x7F). The representation is almost always an attempt at *transliteration* -- i.e., conveying, in Roman letters, the pronunciation expressed by the text in some other writing system. (See the example above) This is a Python port of Text::Unidecode Perl module by Sean M. Burke . Tomaz Solc 6d9554f71de19e2ed1f1d7c09fe983ae8fd7ae05 0.04.1


text:
The puzzle is NEW, with its original FACTORY SEAL.
There are many puzzles with paintings by Royce B. McClure. One example is the 1500 pieces version of Jungle Life, which Educa published in 2006.
More information about Paradise under the Sea:
- Puzzle size: 85 x 60 cm.
- Box size: 43 x 30 x 5.5 cm.
- Reference number: 11750.
- EAN number: 8412668117501.
- Other titles: Paraíso bajo el Mar; Paraíso sob o Mar.


text:
Hoof Capsule Integrity for Improved Morphology
Updated: Jun 12
Long toe, low heels are something that every farrier deals with at some point in their daily practice. But are there misconceptions on how to deal with it?
Fig.1 Change in the functional length of the toe by addressing heel to toe height ratios.
It is important in practice to firstly establish if the foot actually has a long (flared/stretched) toe or in fact just has an acutely angled toe due to having low heels, or poor heel to toe height ratio. Fig.1 shows the changes in the functional length of toe and their lever arms with minimal rasping of the dorsal wall, by increasing heel height.
Very often the reality is, the long toe appearance is a fact of poor caudal hoof health. Lack of integrity of the palmar hoof. The answer invariably, therefore, does not lie in removing the integrity of the dorsal wall as well. Don't rob Peter, to pay Paul!
We know that caudal hoof health is a factor of its function. The weight counteraction, normal hoof distortion (biomechanics) and haemodynamic mechanisms of the palmar hoof structures. A rhetoric repeated through most of my articles. Addressing the caudal hoof health is instead implied, in these cases, when poor dorso-palmar balance is recognised.
But what is the issue with creating better proportions by rasping the dorsal wall to a better angle?
Douglas et al. (fig.2) studied the elastic modulus (strength) of the different areas of the hoof. The lower the elastic modulus, the more deformation it experiences. The more prone to failure it also is. The capsule has different moduli from toe to heel as well as across its cross section.
Fig.2 Douglas et al. (1996) The elastic modulus of the different areas of the hoof. Note that the outer wall is twice as stiff as the inner wall, with the inner wall having a lower modulus than the heels.
This composition of the capsule facilitates its function. It allows for expansion and contraction of the back half of the capsule.
Fig.3 The natural deformation of the hoof, important for shock dispersion, results from the youngs modulus of the different areas of the hoof.
It's harder wall at the toe protects the underlying structures while its softer internal wall reduces the risk of damage to these same structures during deformation. This architecture, as nature designed it, is what maintains the capsules proportions, by facilitating its natural deformation and efficient shock dispersion.
Fig.4 The capsule has a harder outer wall to address compressive forces and a softer inner wall to protect the underlying soft tissues. The keratin structures also differ through its cross section to address the different types of forces they experience.
The outer hoof wall has a higher concentration of tubula horn to cope with the compressive forces of weight bearing, while the inner wall has a higher concentration of inter-tubula horn, orientated perpendicular to the tubules to cope with the tensile forces transferred from the wall across the laminal bed.
Now consider what happens when the dorsal wall is rasped to expose the softer inner wall. Now the toe is more flexible than the heels! Its ability to cope with compressive forces has been reduced and it will fail (collapse) more readily. We have functionally turned the hoof back to front.
So perhaps we can understand why when you come back to the foo


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On a global scale, where is precipitation most common?
For ocean and continents
On a global scale, precipitation is most common in the tropical regions near the equator. This is because the warm temperatures in these areas promote evaporation, which leads to the formation of clouds and subsequently, rainfall. The consistent heating of the air and the presence of moisture create a favorable environment for precipitation.
To further explore this topic and get more detailed information, you can refer to reliable sources such as the websites mentioned above, which provide comprehensive information on precipitation patterns globally, including both ocean and continents. The first link leads to the Encarta website, where you can find a multimedia presentation on precipitation. The second link directs you to a web page that explains the fundamentals of physical geography, including information on precipitation patterns around the world.


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African boxthorn is a large shrub which grows up to 5 metres high and is covered in spines. The leaves are oval in shape and are 10–40 millimetres long and 4–10 millimetres in width. The flowers appear either singly or in pairs at the leaf-stem junction. They are white or pale lilac with a lilac-purplish throat and are about 1cm in diameter, 5 petalled and fragrant. The calyx (the sepals of one flower collectively) is 4-7mm long and has 5 unequal teeth. The flowers are 10-12mm long with the 5 stamen projecting to 2- 4mm past the petals. The flowers appear mostly in summer but there is also some flowering throughout the year.
The fruit is a berry that is smooth and shiny with a short drooping stalk. It is globose (ball-shaped) to broad-ovoid shaped and is 5-10mm in diameter with a prominent calyx. The berry ripens to a dull orange-red colour with up to 35-70 seeds. The seeds are 2.5mm long by 1.5mm wide ovoid or irregular in shape and flattened. They are light brown to yellow and dull with small raised dots on the surface.
African boxthorn was introduced into Australia from South Africa in the mid 1800s and was commonly used as a hedge plant. It has become an aggressive invader of pastures, roadsides, reserves, remnant bushland and waterways. It forms an impenetrable, spiny thicket that inhibits the movement of stock and provides a haven for feral animals. Many insects, including fruit fly, the common house fly and the tomato fly, breed in the fruit of this weed.
African boxthorn is toxic to humans and will cause discomfort and irritation, but is not life-threatening. The berries, leaves, stems and roots are all poisonous, and can cause nausea, vomiting, breathing difficulties and unconsiousness.
This post is part of the Floral Friday Fotos meme,
and also part of the Weekend Green meme.


Wildlife and Ecology Prospects, October to December inclusive
Wildflowers - Fungi - Insects
What to look out for late in the year in the Algarve
Stumbling across a wild orchid at this time of the year comes as a great surprise.
Spiranthes spiralis - Autumn Lady's-tresses
Above: Autumn Lady's-tresses flowering beside the Quarteira river close to Paderne in mid-November.
The elusive Algarve autumn-flowering orchid
Most of the Algarve's beautiful wild orchids flower in early spring but there are two exceptions and both are rare and difficult to spot. These two orchids, Summer Lady's-tresses Spiranthes aestivalis and Autumn Lady's-tresses Spiranthes spiralis are closely related. Summer Lady's-tresses flowers in shady margins of rivers and streams in June, and Autumn Lady's-tresses flowers in the same type of habitat but waits until the first rains of autumn to arrive and then pops up along the edges of our water courses or in other moist and shady locations.
Although these orchids look remarkably similar to the casual observer they are easy to tell apart because of their very different flowering times. Close inspection also reveals that the inflorescences are different in appearance too. In the case of Summer Lady's-tresses the small white flowers protrude horizontally from the stem, but with Autumn Lady's-tresses the flowers open in a tight spiral around the very hairy stem.
Summer Lady's-tresses are particularly rare in the region but have been recorded close to Caldas de Monchique. Autumn Lady's-tresses are more widespread (but not easy to find) and are reported from the banks of the River Algibre and lower down in the valley where the Algibre joins the River Quarteira in the area of Paderne. Sand dunes are also a good place to look for Autumn Lady's-tresses and Carrapateira is one of the best. The orchids grow in small pockets at the base of the dunes where they are able to catch moisture which seeps down through the sand during rain and collects, enabling them to commence their growing and flowering cycle.
Ceasar's Mushroom
Caesar's Mushroom - one of the delicious edible species to be found in the Algarve
Safety First - Sue Parker
In the ups and downs of foraging for food, fruitless searches are compensated by those magical moments when you find something very special. That's when hasty harvesters can make ghastly gaffes, the worst of which may prove fatal. 'Caring to inspect before daring to ingest' ensures you enjoy your present find and live to enjoy future ones.
Superficial similarities between something that is delicious and good to eat and something else that is poisonous lure people to their deaths every year. It's not just those who are starving and desperate for food who take such risks. In Europe hundreds die each year as a result of eating fatal fruits or toxic toadstools. What's particularly sad is that the very finest and most abundant of free food is not difficult to identify with certainty; you just have to know how to unmask the fraudsters.
Take Morels, Morchella esculenta, for example – I do, eagerly, any time I am lucky enough to find them. If you are making a mushroom sauce to go with red meat, there is no finer mushroom, but it's crucial to know what False Morels can do, and even more importantly what they look like.
The Algarve is a top destination for those interested in fungi, but water is the vital ingredient required to stimulate their fruiting bodies to appear. Pat O'Reilly reports:
Pat O'Reilly
Pat photographing a Parasol Mushroom in forest near Monchique
There are very few places where fungi cannot grow, but mixed woodlands and unimproved grassland habitats are usually the most productive. In dry weather concentrate on the borders of rivers and streams and the bottoms of slopes. Even the lawns around villas can provide good displays of colourful fungi provided they are regularly waters and not subject to heavy doses of weedkiller or fertiliser.
Here are some special species to look out for:
Multiplication made Deceptively Simple
Fungi in the mycological family Phallaceae go by the common name of stinkhorns. Some members of the family really do stink. Others hardly smell at all (to us, that is, but as I explain below flies and other insects certainly are lured by their pong) but nevertheless from their shape alone they are instantly recognisable as stinkhorn family'members'. This is the case with Mutinus caninus, which is commonly referred to as the Dog Stinkhorn… obviously a male dog!
Mutinus caninus - Dog stinkhorn
Dog Stinkhorn Mutinus caninus
Dog Stinkhorns are found throughout Europe, but it took 15 years of fungi foraying before we stumbled across this distinctive species in the Algarve; it popped up its sticky green head on Christmas Eve 2015 in cork oak woodlands near Monchique. Insects of various kinds soon cluster on the spore-laden sticky gleba that coats the tips of these stinkhorns, and as the bugs consume the olive-green soup so inevitably a few of the fungal spores stick to their feet. Once a fly takes off after lunch and alights elsewhere in the woods, it leaves tiny sticky footprints from which new mycelia (microscopic thread-like fungal networks) can develop. By this harmless deceit, Dog Stinkhorns and their relatives manipulate insects into helping them to 'go forth and multiply' – and no Bitch Stinkhorn is involved!
Here is a link to the Dog Stinkhorn page on our First Nature website…
Clathrus ruber
Above: Red Cage fungus is rare in northern Europe but common in the Algarve. They first appear in November but thereafter they can be found well into the New Year.
The first autumn rains will stimulate more of the region's fungi to appear especially in cooler and damper areas, such as the woodlands up in the hills around Monchique. Resembling a bizarre Christmas decoration, Red Cage Fungus Clathrus ruber, which is a member of the Stinkhorn family of fungi, doesn't smell anywhere near as good as it looks. In fact, the obnoxious smell may be the first thing to tell you that you are close to a fruiting specimen. Taking closeup photographs is not for the faint hearted!
Hygrocybe acutoconica
Persistent Waxcap Hygrocybe acutoconica
As the last of the Algarve's floral fireworks fade, so another paintbox colours the countryside with more than a rainbow of hues and shades. Fungi! Up they pop when the autumn rain arrives, and off to work they go recycling the deadwood of forests and the frazzled plants of pastures and parks, and playing other important and sometimes troublesome roles too.
Many lawn mushrooms are fickle, here-today-gone-tomorrow types, but one group. known as waxcaps, tends to hang around. Most persistent of all is a beautiful yellow-orange conical mushroom known as, er... the Persistent Waxcap. Its scientific name is Hygrocybe acutoconica. The cap of this mushroom always feels damp, and in shape it is acutely conical - there, we have translated that latinised (scientific) name with no great difficulty. They're not always so obvious.
Gymnopilus junonius
Spectacular Rustgill Gymnopilus juonius
Into the woods now, and what have we got here?. Spectacular smooth-capped orange mushrooms sprout from the stumps of felled trees and occasionally from the trunks of living (but poorly) trees. They are very fond of oaks, but if oak trees are not on the menu these hungry mushrooms will make do with pines. Their scientific name is Gymnopilus junonius.
The prefix Gymnmeans bald, while -pilus means a head. It does have a bald (smooth, that is) head or cap, but what about junonius? It is not description; it's a dedication to the Roman goddess Juno. Don't ask why... Until quite recently this spectacular mushroom with rusty-brown gills went by the scientific name of Gymnopilus spectabilis. Much clearer! Oh... its common name is Spectacular Rustgill.
Pisolithus arrhizus
Dye Ball Pisolithus arrihzus
One more for the road... although I hope it doesn't pop up in any road you have to drive along. When it first emerges above ground Pisolithus arrhizus (let's not fret over the meaning of the scientific name!) looks like a ball of horse dung. Inside it are hundreds of white chunks of fungal material looking like grains of rice packed tightly together, and over a month or two they turn olive-green and then reddish-brown until the fungus splits open to reveal (and release) a powdery mass of spores. In the past this fungus was used to dye fabrics - that's why its common name is the Dye Ball - but it has a much more important role nowadays. This is one of the so-called'mycorrhizal' fungi that link up with the roots of trees and supply them with water and nutrients essential for their healthy growth. In return the fungus receives some of the sugar that the tree produces by photosynthesis. The Dyeball fungus is highly valued by foresters because it can


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Camera Calibration for Light Fields and Camera Arrays
Camera calibration, crucial for computer vision tasks, often relies on planar calibration targets to calibrate the camera parameters. This work explores a planar, fractal, self-identifying calibration pattern, which provides a high density of calibration points for a large range of magnification factors. An evaluation on ground truth data shows that the target provides very high accuracy over a wide range of conditions.
Fractal Calibration Target
The size of the calibration markers also play a key role in the accuracy of the localization. If too few calibration points are available per view, then calibration quality suffers due to over fitting. However, if the calibration markers become too small, it becomes impossible to properly detect them. As the optimal size depends on the camera magnification, it is not possible to create a pattern with a single optimal density.
Our solution is the adoption of a fractal scheme which operates on multiple scales of calibration points. This scheme allows to use features which are within some fixed bound of the maximum calibration point density for the given magnification, please see Figure. 1. In addition the target is self-identifying and quite robust under a range of imaging conditions.
 A Fractal Calibration Pattern for Improved Camera Calibration Hendrik Siedelmann, Maximilian Diebold, Marcel Gutsche, Hamza Aziz-Ahmad, Bernd Jähne
Forum Bildverarbeitung, 2016[paper]


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Be Part of the Movement
GlassLab Teacher NetworkEdtech innovators, early adopters and school leaders provide feedback and share best practices on new digital learning tools. Help shape GlassLab's products by providing feedback on games, dashboards, lesson plans and other classroom tools throughout every step of the design process. Join us!
- Membership in an online community of fellow innovators and leaders providing inspiration and support
- Free access to professional development opportunities focused on game-based learning
- Invitations to join GlassLab at special events
- Special credit with your name listed in all of the games you help design and pilot
- Opportunities to be featured in GlassLab press and events
GlassLab District NetworkGlassLab is searching for innovative school districts across the country to pilot glasslabgames.org, a suite of multi-platform, standards-aligned games that meet your students' needs for impactful learning. With easy-to-use student management tools, real-time reports, and turn-key professional development materials, GlassLab delivers world-class learning experiences to your educators and students like never before.
- Unlimited access to all GlassLab games, reports, and instructional materials for one full semester after your pilot has concluded.
- A seat on the GlassLab Advisory Board to provide meaningful input into our products and vision.
- Access to the data and research generated hrough the GlassLab District Network's pilots.
- A detailed case study evaluating the impact of GlassLab products on your students and teachers.
- Coordination with GlassLab marketing and PR efforts, including GlassLab outreach to local media outlets in your region.
Calling All Teachers and School Administrators!GlassLab needs your help piloting our newest games. These pilots provide you with preview access to our games and help us refine our games to maximize learning impact.
What's in it for you?
- Early access to games
- Mention in our game acknowledgements
- Future credits on glasslabgames.org to be used for games of your choice
Sign Up for Pilots


Objective of Earthing
 - To ensure safety of life and property from hazards of electric shock and electric fires.
 - To ensure that system voltages on healthy lines remain within reasonable limits under fault Conditions thereby preventing insulation breakdowns.
 - To provide a low impedance path (safe path) to dissipate lightning and short circuit currents.
 - To minimize arcing burn downs as in an earthed system arcing fault would produce a current in ground path thereby providing an easy means of detecting and tripping against phase to earth arcing fault breakdowns.
 - To provide stable platform for operation of sensitive electronic equipments i.e. To maintain the voltage at any part of an electrical system at a known value so as to prevent over current or excessive voltage on the appliances or equipment.
 - To provide an alternative path for induced current and minimize the electrical noise in cables.
 - To provide protection against static electricity from friction.
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text:
In building construction, a shell structure is a thin, curved plate structure shaped to transmit applied forces by compressive, tensile, and shear stresses that act in the plane of the surface. They are usually constructed of concrete reinforced with steel mesh.
This structure maintains its size and support load, even without a frame or solid mass material inside.
A shell is a building that is empty from inside, these shell elements are typically curved and assembled into a large structure, they are lightweight constructions using shell elements.
Here we will learn about shell structure, types of shell structures & much more.
Introduction to shell structure:
In the shell structure, a thin shell is defined as a shell with a thickness that is smaller than its other dimensions.
In the thin-shell structure, the deformation is not as large compared to the thickness.
The main difference between shell structures and plate structures is that within the unstable state, the shell structures have curvature, unlike the plate structures which can be flat.
Membrane action in a shell structures are mainly due to plane stress, although flexural deformation may result in secondary forces.
Types of Shell Structure:
This cylindrical shells in which stationary cure called as directrix or moving curve called generatrix is a straight line.
Semi ellipse, parabola, arch circle, cycloid catenary, horse-shoe shape are the example of some common cylindrical shells.
2.Multiple cylindrical shells:
Multiple cylindrical shells is a series of cylindrical shells that are parallel and transversely continuous.
3.North light shells:
The north light shell in which two springing are provided at different levels is called the north light shell.
The provision of curves at different levels towards the north gives maximum north-light, this type of shell is usually provided as a roof in case of factories.
4.Asymmetrical cylindrical shells:
This asymmetrical cylindrical shell structure is not symmetrical about the crown.
This barrel shells is symmetrical about the crown.
Barrel vaults are most useful for shell structures because of the greater span capacity of up to 50 m with minimal material.
They are very efficient structures because the arch form is used to reduce stress and thickness in the transverse direction.
7.Short shells and long Shells:
The number of terms has been developed to describe cylindrical shells depending upon its span short or long.
Short shells: If the span length is short, then it is termed as short shells.
Long shells: If the span length is large in comparison with its width, the shell form is termed as long shell.
A dome is a space structure that covers a more or less square or circular area.
The domes are attached to a surface generated by a curve of any form revolving about a vertical line.
When the surface has a double curvature that gives rise to a hard and strong shell structure of snoring rather than a curved surface.
9.Intersection shell structure:
The structural effectively of the intersection shell is dependent upon the angle of intersection of the surface.
If the angle is small, a rib fanned by adjacent elements of the original shell is much larger than the adjacent shell on each side.
And if the angle of intersection is too large, it is called a shallow intersection, if the angle of intersection is 90, it gives a rigid rib.
Shell arches are in the same category as small shells.
If the stresses are mainly compressive, all thicknesses can be made much smaller than an arc.
Shells are not a very efficient structure for the high value of bending moment.
A translation shell is generated by a vertical curve sliding along another vertical curve.
Curves have different shapes such as circles, ellipse, and parabola therefore vertical segments are all the same as opposed to a round dome in which all vertical segments differ in height.
In short, translation shell is simply a square dome in which the shape is generated by curve moving along another curve.
Applications of shell structure:
(1) Fuselages of aero planes.
(2) Boat halls.
(3) Roof structures in some buildings.
Also read: RCC Framed Structure, Prefabricated Structure & Space Frame Structure
Shell structure examples:
These types of structures provide fantastic architectural views, Opera house in Sydney is the world-famous thin-shell structure.
In India, the Lotus temple at Delhi is, also a good example of shell structure and various shell structures bring out the miracle in building construction history.
Shell structure also called plate structures are lightweight constructions using shell elements.
Usually these curved elements are assembled to form a large structure.


Response-Based Analysis of Floating Offshore Structures in Persian Gulf
 1. Lookup NU author(s)
 2. Said Mazaheri
 3. Professor Atilla Incecik
Author(s)Mazaheri S, Incecik A
Publication type Conference Proceedings (inc. Abstract)
Conference NameICOPMAS 2000: 4th International Conference on Coast, Ports, and Marine Structures
Conference LocationBandar Abbass, Iran
Year of Conference2000
Date21-24 November 2000
The number of FOS especially FPSOs, because of their attractive role in deep water offshore oil reservoirs during the last 20 years has been increased rapidly and it is expected until the nd of this decade this trend will continue and more than 120 FPSOs will be added to the existing population of FPSOs around the world [2].In this regard, In the Persian Gulf, following the opening up of offshore fields for rehabilitation, under the Petroleum Ministry's "buyback" terms, some needs for FOS will be expected for use in the non-marginal fields [1]. As a FOS must be stable in different sea states during its life time, extreme hydrodynamic loads predictions could play an important role in designing of each part of FOS as well as in designing the mooring systems. A more rational approach for selecting more accurate extreme hydrodynamic loads and seakeeping analysis of FOS by considering non-co-linear waves, winds and currents, and taking into account the joint occurrence probability of those hydrodynamic events has been explained in this paper.


How to format pendrive using cmd
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In this article we will teach you How to Format pendrive using CMD. If you have virus on your computer or getting any difficulty using your pendrive this simple cmd trick can help you to recover from all these situations.
These day's almost everyone who is using computer, uses pendrive for Data transfer purpose. There are lot's of viruses that spread with the help of pendrive and get's stuck into your pendrive. Sometimes pendrives also start's getting some issues with them regarding the data. There is one solution for all these problem's that is to format your pendrive with the help of command prompt.
How To Format Pendrive Using CMD.
Just follow our step by step instruction's to format your pendrive and make it working like new one again with our cmd trick.
You may also like to read about Best cmd commands used for hacking and How toDownload hike for pc
Steps 1:
First of all insert your USB Pendrive into your computer or laptop.
Steps 2:
Now check and note down that what letter is assigned to your USB pen drive, whether it is G:, H:, I: or something else.
Format pendrive using cmd
Steps 3:
Now open CMD (command prompt) by pressing Win+R keys at the same time > type Run in the dialog box and hit Enter.
open command prompt
Steps 4:
Now type below command into your command prompt ( cmd ) to format pendrive using cmd and hit Enter button.
format /q /x D:

Note: replace D: with your pandrive's assigned drive latter.
Step 5
Now it will display a message "Insert new disk for D: and press enter when ready". Just Press Enter button and it will start formatting your pendrive.
Format pendrive using command prompt
Step 6
Now, You will get a message "Initializing the File Allocation Table (FAT)… Volume label (11 characters, ENTER for none)?" that means the format precess has been completed and it's waiting for your confirmation. Simply Press Enter and you are done.
format completed

That's it, Now you have sucessfully formated your pendrive using cmd. if you have any query about my article How to format pendrive using cmd, feel free to ask me in the comment section below.
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text:
You are busy cleaning up your house because there are guests coming over for an hour. Your children aren't helping and are just watching TV. You complain to them:
Don't just sit there! Do something!
This means to sit in one place and not do anything. You use this phrase when criticizing someone, when you think they should be doing something. You can also say "just stand there" in a similar way:
Don't just stand there! Help me!
(Print this lesson)

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Corktown Historic District
Corktown Historic District
Bagley Street in Corktown
|Architectural style:||Colonial Revival, Late Victorian, Federal|
|Added to NRHP:||July 31, 1978|
Corktown is the oldest neighborhood in Detroit, Michigan, although the city of Detroit is twice as old. The current boundaries of the current district include I-75 to the north, the Lodge Freeway to the east, Bagley and Porter streets to the south, and Rosa Parks Boulevard (12th Street) to the west. The neighborhood was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.
The Corktown Historic District is largely residential, although some commercial properties along Michigan Avenue are included in the district.
The roots of Corktown lie in the Great Irish Potato Famine of the 1840s. The Irish immigrated to the United States in droves, and by the middle of the 19th century, they were the largest ethnic group settling in Detroit. Many of these newcomers settled on the west side of the city; they were primarily from County Cork, and thus the neighborhood came to be known as Corktown. By the early 1850s, half of the population of the 8th Ward (which contained Corktown) were of Irish descent. Historically, the neighborhood was roughly bounded by Third Street to the east, Grand River Avenue to the north, 12th Street to the west, and Jefferson Avenue/Detroit River to the south.
By the Civil War, German immigrants had begun making inroads into the Corktown neighborhood. By the turn of the century, the original Irish population had diffused through the city, and other immigrants, notably Mexican and Maltese, moved in. As the century progressed, southern migrants in the U.S. lured by the jobs in the automobile industry followed suit.
The residential section is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is designated as a City of Detroit Historic District. The neighborhood contains many newer homes and retains some original Irish businesses.
The original buildings in Corktown are Federal-style detached homes and rowhouses built by Irish settlers. A worker's row house circa 1840 is located on Sixth Street and is one of the oldest existing structures in the city of Detroit. In further years, modestly sized Victorian townhouses with Italianate, Gothic, and Queen Anne elements were constructed.
Notable residents
See also
- "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2007-01-23.
- Corktown from ModelD Media, retrieved 8/6/09
- History from the Greater Corktown Development Corporation
- Corktown Historic District from the National Park Service, retrieved 8/6/09
- Armando Delicato, Julie Demery, Detroit's Corktown, Arcadia Publishing, 2007, ISBN 0-7385-5155-4
- "Interactive Map." Greater Corktown Development Corp Retrieved on April 24, 2009.
- "Owen MS Attendance Area." Detroit Public Schools. Retrieved on April 24, 2009.
- "M. L. King HS Attendance Area." Detroit Public Schools. Retrieved on April 24, 2009.
- "Detroit City Council Biography." Sheila Cockrel. Retrieved on April 25, 2009.
- Greater Corktown Development Corporation (GCDC)
- DetroitIrish.org, Information about the Irish Community in greater Detroit.
- Glorious Detroit: Corktown
- Corktown Historic District from the city of Detroit


text: Accurately predicting the possible behaviors of traffic participants is an essential capability for future autonomous vehicles. The majority of current researches fix the number of driving intentions by considering only a specific scenario. However, distinct driving environments usually contain various possible driving maneuvers. Therefore, a intention prediction method that can adapt to different traffic scenarios is needed. To further improve the overall vehicle prediction performance, motion information is usually incorporated with classified intentions. As suggested in some literature, the methods that directly predict possible goal locations can achieve better performance for long-term motion prediction than other approaches due to their automatic incorporation of environment constraints. Moreover, by obtaining the temporal information of the predicted destinations, the optimal trajectories for predicted vehicles as well as the desirable path for ego autonomous vehicle could be easily generated. In this paper, we propose a Semantic-based Intention and Motion Prediction (SIMP) method, which can be adapted to any driving scenarios by using semantic-defined vehicle behaviors. It utilizes a probabilistic framework based on deep neural network to estimate the intentions, final locations, and the corresponding time information for surrounding vehicles. An exemplar real-world scenario was used to implement and examine the proposed method.


text:
Research & development - Leuven | More than two weeks ago
Thanks to its non-invasiveness and bed-side portability, medical ultrasound imaging is well established in clinical practices. However, most commercial ultrasound transducers currently use one central frequency, inevitably linking it to a fixed resolution and penetration depth. A multi-frequency ultrasound transducer could enable emerging applications such as multi-scale imaging and harmonic contrast agent imaging.
The MEMS team of Imec Leuven is developing Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasound Transducers for a multitude of ultrasound applications. Currently, classical ultrasound transducer consist of a thick layer of piezo material, sandwiched between two electrodes. Their miniaturized counterparts (PMUTs) allow for a much smaller form factor, easier integration with supporting electronics and smart design that allows multiple operating frequencies in one transducer probe. In this master thesis topic, the goal is to optimize the PMUT for multi-frequency behavior.
PMUTs are miniaturized drums containing a piezoelectric layer in a membrane that can generate and pick-up mechanical deformation of the suspended membrane. This allows PMUTs to emit and receive ultrasound waves by respectively vibrating the membrane or detecting the deformation of the membrane by an incoming wave (see sketch below)
Fig 1: Sketch of PMUT cross-section and working principle.
The aim of this master thesis is to design and characterize a new generation of multi-frequency PMUT arrays, comparing it to state-of-the-art technology. The research work includes, but is not limited to: 1) design and numerical simulation of PMUT devices and PMUT arrays; 2) acoustic and electronic characterization of PMUT devices; 3) benchmarking with state of the art technology. The work is estimated to be: 60% simulations/design, 40% characterization. Generally, this is a topic for a student who is eager to understand MEMS devices design and characterization, together with ultrasound imaging.
Type of project: Internship, Thesis, Combination of internship and thesis
Duration: 6 months - 1 year
Required degree: Master of Engineering Technology, Master of Science, Master of Engineering Science
Required background: Physics, Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Mechanical Engineering, Electromechanical engineering, Materials Engineering
Supervising scientist(s): For further information or for application, please contact: Marcus Ingram (_EMAIL_) and Margo Billen (_EMAIL_) and Veronique Rochus (_EMAIL_)
Only for self-supporting students.


Question: The water does not get hot
Reason: Can select temperature by pressing the "Temp." button.
Solution: Press the "Temp." button to select heating temperature(-(no heat),30,40,50,60,90 ℃). The maximum allowable heating temperature varies with programs (HW70-I1286/HW80-I1486 for example).
1.Temperature may be difference for Different models.
2.Some program no heating function(HW70-I1286/HW80-I1486 for example).
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text:
Wikipedia: The Water monitor, (Varanus salvator) is a large species of monitor lizard capable of growing to 3.21 metres (10.5 ft) in length, with the average size of most adults at 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) long. Maximum weight of Varanus salvator can be over 25 kilograms (55 lb), but most are half that size. Their body is muscular with a long, powerful, laterally compressed tail. Water monitors are one of the most common monitor lizards found throughout Asia, and range from Sri Lanka, India, Indochina, the Malay Peninsula and various islands of Indonesia, living in areas close to water.
Wikipedia:Water monitors can be defensive, using their tail, claws, and jaws when fighting. They are excellent swimmers, using the raised fin located on their tails to steer through water. Water Monitors are carnivores, and have a wide range of foods. They are known to eat fish, frogs, rodents, birds, crabs, and snakes.They have also been known to eat turtles, as well as young crocodiles and crocodile eggs Like the Komodo Dragon, they will often eat carrion.
It is a reptile i had found in water in my province


CHRPAK
Characters and Strings
CHRPAK, a FORTRAN90 code which handles characters and strings.
CHRPAK began when I simply wanted to be able to capitalize a string. Now it has expanded to a number of interesting uses. Many unusual situations are provided for, including
Many of the routine names begin with the name of the data type they operate on:
Licensing:
The computer code and data files made available on this web page are distributed under the GNU LGPL license.
Languages:
CHRPAK is available in a C version and a C++ version and a FORTRAN90 version and a MATLAB version and a Python version.
Related Software and Data:
CAESAR, a FORTRAN90 code which can apply a Caesar Shift Cipher to a string of text.
chrpak_test
ROT13, a FORTRAN90 code which can encipher a string using the ROT13 cipher for letters, and the ROT5 cipher for digits.
Source Code:
Last revised on 08 June 2020.


Tag: Water
July 23, 2016 /
In principle, water ATMs had been proposed for areas that did not benefit from piped water supply. Even this was controversial because the underlying message was that only basic drinking needs would be taken care of, rather than all basic household/domestic needs. In practice, there has been slippage. In the first place, the Delhi Government was meant to be installing water kiosks providing free water in 'underdeveloped' areas. Yet, the first water kiosk installed was near a metro station for the convenience of the travelling public. Further, alongside the free water distributed in those kiosks, the Delhi Jal Board (DJB) agreed in late 2015 to a proposal for setting up water ATMs in various parts of Delhi at a price of Rs 5 per 20 litres. Supply through water ATMs is probably an excellent option to fill specific gaps where there is no water supply, preferably on a temporary basis. There are, however, various reasons why water ATMs should not become a permanent tool for accessing drinking water.


text:
State, Scientists and Citizens: Conserving Lake Magenta and Dragon Rocks, Western Australia
Historical Records of Australian Science
25(2) 202 - 216
Published: 11 November 2014
AbstractThe story of efforts to establish two major nature reserves in the south-eastern wheatbelt of Western Australia illuminates some of the many factors shaping the interaction of citizens, scientists, land management bureaucracies, and other stakeholders around the creation of conservation reserves in a semi-arid region in the mid-20th century. This article highlights the significance of citizen scientists as well as professionals in the reservation process, and traces the increasingly strained relationship between Lands and conservation bureaucracies in the context of the rise of the new environment movement. It also points to the importance of international ideas about conservation aims and methods, and suggests that although shifting appraisals of the productive potential of the land were critical to the outcome of negotiations over the proposed reserves, in this period these semi-arid lands were increasingly valued for their scientific and intrinsic qualities.
© Australian Academy of Science 2014


Convert Images To WebP Free Using Python
If you are looking to convert images to WebP free, you came to the right place. There are a lot of sites out there where you can upload and convert images, but they are polluted with tons of ads, and uploading files one by one simply doesn't scale well. So, with this python script, you can convert images to WebP free.
Special Note: If you are looking to convert images to WebP free at scale, like, you have many thousands that you need to do all at once, you can use Bulk WebP Converter which I wrote in Go and compiled down to a standalone executable. It has concurrency and works much faster than anything I've been able to wrangle in Python.
Table Of Contents
What is WebP And Why Should I Use It?
Google developed WebP in 2010. However, it didn't gain widespread usage until 2020, when Apple added support for WebP on the Desktop and Mobile versions of Safari. At this time, 93.3% of browsers support WebP by default.
If you are not using WebP for your images, you absolutely should. Image sizes will be smaller than their original file size, which means faster page loads. In addition, WebP is considered a next-generation image format, so using WebP will also positively impact your PageSpeed score. Depending on how image heavy your website is, this will also have an impact on your PageRank. Google still being the king of search in 2024, there is an obvious bias for WebP since Google created it.
Regardless of your thoughts on image formats, if you want to rank on Google, and have a better PageSpeed scrore, you need to be using WebP.
Code: Convert Folder Of JPG/JPEG, TIFF And GIF to WebP
You can adjust this example to fit your use case because many content management systems store media and image assets differently.
Using Python to do the conversion would all you to do a bunch of images at once. Some Premium WordPress plugins will handle image conversion, and if you are using one of the paid tiers of Cloudflare, you can set this to happen in-line with your traffic and not have to convert the source images at all. That being said, this method is basically free; you can run this in your DevOps pipeline, on your development workstation, or your server where your images live. You have a lot of flexibility with this script.
In this example, we will use a single directory on a computer or server to do the conversion as a large batch.
Before we cut and paste like we're on Stack Overflow – we first need to grab Pillow, because that is what is actually doing the conversion:
$ pip install pillow
Step 1: Cut And Paste The WepP Image Conversion Script
from pathlib import Path
from PIL import Image
########################
# Lists and Variables
########################
source_image_ext = [".gif", ".png", ".jpg", ".jpeg"]
source_image_path = "source/path/here"
##############################
# FUNCTION BLOCK
##############################
# This is the function that actually does the conversion
def convert_to_webp(source):
 destination = source.with_suffix(".webp")
 image = Image.open(source) # Open image
 image.save(destination, format="webp") # Convert image to webp
 return destination
# This function grabs the files you want to convert and feeds them to convert_to_webp() function
def legacy_to_webp(ext, source_path):
 paths = Path(f"{source_path}").glob(f"**/*{ext}")
 for path in paths:
 webp_path = convert_to_webp(source=path)
 print(webp_path)
##############################
# EXECUTION OF LOGIC
##############################
for i in source_image_ext:
 print(i)
 print(type(i))
 legacy_to_webp(ext=i, source_path=source_image_path)
Step 2: Change Source Path Of Images You Want To Convert To WebP
Name the file imageconvert.py. Change line 8 "source/path/here" to the path on your filesystem that contains the images you want to convert.
Step 3: Execute imageconvert.py To Convert Images To WebP
Run the following command from your terminal:
$ python imageconvert.py
In the directory that you specified for conversion, you will see a bunch of new .webp files. Congratulations! You just converted all your images to a nextgen image format. You can upload these files to your CMS after conversion. To convert existing images, you must re-source them in your CMS or HTML. Most CMS's keep links to images in the database.
Optional: Output Quality Tweaks
If your WebP images are still coming out 1mb or more, you can fix that. Change line 19 to look like the following:
image.save(destination, format="webp", optimize=True, quality=10)
The quality setting ranges from 1 to 100. Quality level 1 is potato quality, and quality level 100 is the best possible quality. The lower the number, the smaller the output size will be. Depending on the nature of the source image, you might notice some image degradation, so you will need to tweak this according to your quality preferences.
Closing Thoughts
When you run this script, it leaves the source images untouched. This script is non-destructive to the source images. The only drawback to this script is it doesn't talk to your CMS database, so you will need a way to deal with re-sourcing your images in your CMS of choice.


text:
Golden Treasuresby MIke Griefe
Childhood memories often include the stories that came from the books read to children by adults. These stories teach many of the lessons that children learn as they grow, and the books holding those stories often become treasured family heirlooms, surviving with the occasional torn page and creative crayon signature to rest on the shelves for the next generation.
For Naomi Williamson, professor of library services and director of the annual Children's Literature Festival at the University of Central Missouri, these books are a cornerstone in the foundation of the study and development of children's literature. As the coordinator of the Children's Literature Research Collection in UCM's James C. Kirkpatrick Library, she has come to know the favorites of children and adults alike.
Williamson continues the work of the late Ophelia Gilbert, former children's librarian, in building the university's collection of Golden Books, the small books with the gold binding that have been a staple of children's book collections since they were first published in 1942 and sold for 25 cents each.
"These books are an important part of American literature," Williamson said. "They introduced children to the stories that taught values, and they were affordable. They also were written and illustrated by many of the leading authors and illustrators in American children's literature."
The UCM collection now contains more than 1,000 Golden Books, a portion of the more than 26,000 volumes contained in the Philip A. Sadler Research Collection of Literature for Children and Young Adults. Golden Books have been printed continuously by several publishers since 1942, and can be found in all shapes and sizes in 18 different subject categories. All books are numbered, indicating the series and date of publication. Williamson is focusing on completing a collection of the first series of books numbered through 600.
Golden Books gradually became a growing part of the children's literature collection when the university's Central Elementary laboratory school closed in 1980. The collection from that library was combined with the university collection under the direction of Gilbert, who served as the Central Elementary librarian. It continued to grow several years later with a gift of children's books from the estate of the late Jean Riddle, a longtime Warrensburg educator who taught for many years in the Knob Noster School District.
As the collection grew, Williamson began to organize it a sub-collection of Golden Books within the Sadler collection. To date, there are 320 of the first 600 titles in the UCM collection. Many of the titles have become highly collectable, as indicated by a collector's catalog.
"I've found them in a variety of places," she said. "I keep this catalog with me and check out flea markets and antique shops when we travel. Some of them are very rare and can be worth $50 to $100, while most are worth $2 to $10."
Williamson's prize find to date has been an original display rack for Golden Books. Made of wood, the displays were commonly found in dime stores and pharmacies throughout the country, and many were simply discarded over the years. With a few minor repairs, the display rack is used by the library in the Ophelia Gilbert Exhibit Room.
"There are too many in print to collect all of the titles," she said. "We don't have anywhere near all of the first 600 yet, but I do have three on my desk now that I picked up yesterday, so the collection is growing."


I am building a Ruby on Rails application that lets users deploy a server in the DO region of their choice.
I'd like to show the latency between the user's location and all the available DO regions so that the user can select the region with the fastest response time for them.
The latency can be easily calculated locally in development for each region with Net::Ping using the example code below:
 check =
 start_time =
 elapsed_time = ('%.6f' % ( - start_time))
However, in production, the originating IP is consistently the web host of my application, not the user's IP address.
How can I measure the response time between a website visitor and a DO region?
2 answers
Thanks for taking a look _USER_.
I was able to solve this problem by using JavaScript to ping a website hosted in each of DO's regions. I used the speed test websites originally designed to help DO customers measure the upload/download speed from each region.
For example, the code below will ping a website hosted in each DO region and then print the response time latency in the console.
var region_data = [
 {"name":"New York","host":""},
 {"name":"San Francisco","host":""},
for (var i = 0; i < region_data.length; i++) {
 var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest()
 var start_time =;'GET', region_data[i].host, false)
 xmlhttp.onload = function () {
 var elapsed_time = - start_time;
 console.log(region_data[i].name + ':'+ elapsed_time);
 // Send request
Hi there _USER_,
Usually you would be seeing the server IP address in case that you are using Nginx as a reverse proxy. To get the real IP address of the visitor you have to get the X-forwarded-for header value. That way you would get the actual IP rather than the server IP itself.
Hope that this helps!
Submit an Answer


How to Wire a 4 Channel Amp to 6 Speakers
This article will go over the process of wiring a 4 channel amp to 6 speakers. The speaker system will be powered by a 12V DC power supply.
Wiring four channels into one speaker are very different from wiring six speakers into one amp. This article will show how to wire four channels of power into six speakers for maximum efficiency and effect. The objective is to provide the most powerful sound output possible with no distortion or interference caused by multiple speaker connections.
Learning to wire a 4 channel amp to 6 speakers is not as complicated as it may seem. All you need to do is know the right wire size and length for each channel and then carefully read through the instructions below. This will make your wiring job much easier, and ultimately make it sound better.
Table of Contents
How many speakers are you running?
This is probably the first question that jumps into your mind, but it is also one of the most important. Most stereos have at least 2 speakers connected to each channel, which means that if you are running 6 speakers, then it means that 4 speakers will be connected to the left side and 4 to the right side. So before you begin wiring your amplifier, make sure you have all of your gear set up so you can connect them correctly.
Wiring a 4 channel Amp to 6 Speakers
1. Getting Started
As with any project, make sure you are grounded and have the room open if it is messy. The last thing you want is for anyone in your family to trip over cables when they are running around. Go ahead and take the metal plates off of the back of your amplifier when you are ready to start wiring, then use some electrical tape or hot glue to secure them in place temporarily.
2. Connecting the Speakers to the Amplifier
Connecting your speakers to your amplifier is pretty straightforward. Just take your speaker wire and cut them between 6-8 inches in length, which will provide you with enough wire to get to the amplifier. Once you have done this, use some electrical tape or hot glue to secure one end of each speaker wire to the metal plate on the back of your stereo.
Next, take your RCA cables and attach one of each pair to the white and red wires on your speaker wire. Finally, use a small length of wire and connect the other end of the wire to the tip on one of your speakers.
3. Connecting the Speakers to Each Channel
To connect a speaker to a channel, you will only need one from each speaker. If you are looking at your amplifier, you will see that there are four channels. You will need to connect one speaker wire to the positive terminals on Channel 1, 2, 3, and 4.
Then, using an additional length of wire (the same length as the original length), connect the speaker wires to the white and black wires on Channel 1, 2 3, and 4. Finally, if there is not another pair of RCA plugs on your connection cord, then use two male-to-male plugs to connect each set of wires. Ensure that both male plugs are tightly connected to each end.
The next step is to connect the other pair of speaker wires to the input terminals on your amplifier. Your amplifier will have a tab or hole on one side of the input connectors that allow you to connect and disconnect an RCA cable (like the ones we used above). Just make sure no wires are touching and bend them away from each other before you connect them.
4. Making Some Connections
The final step is connecting your external power source to your amplifier. Your amplifier will have a set of power terminals that will allow you to connect an external power supply. For this project we will use a 12V power supply, so be sure to select the right type when you go shopping.
The output terminals will be labeled with either + or -. It is also important to note that when you attach the + and – plates to your power supply, it is always best to use the – terminal when making connections. This will ensure that your amplifier gets the power that it needs to run properly.
5. Finishing Up
The last step is securing the metal plates on the back of your stereo with some adhesive for protection. This will prevent them from making contact with your amplifier, which will cause a short in your power source and could ultimately damage your stereo.
Once you have completed this step, you should be able to turn on your stereo and play some music. However, there is one more step that you can take to improve the quality even further. And that is by adding a capacitor to the end of each channel. You can purchase them at any auto parts or electronic store.
You can now enjoy your new four-channel amplifier to six-speaker setup. It is important to remember that speaker wire is not for static electricity (such as moving through a large group of people) because it can cause shorts in your amp and could damage your speakers. Always use care when moving around with your wiring! Now go out there and rock out! Happy Wiring!
Final Thoughts
We hope you enjoyed this article. Please be sure to check out our other articles for more useful information.
If you enjoyed this article, then please consider sharing it on social media and voting up the content to make it stickier.
We would love to hear from you! If there is anything you would like to see more of, or if there is a question that you have about one of the topics we covered, please comment below.
Our team will be more than happy to discuss your thoughts in a future article. This is a community that relies on a vast selection of different opinions and we don't want to stifle any of that.
Conclusion
If you are looking into upgrading the sound quality in your living room, wiring a 4 channel amp to 6 speakers can be done easily. Remember that each speaker has two sides of the speaker, so you need two wires per speaker. Take a look at our how-to video below to see our final projects in action!
FAQ:
Q: Can I Connect 6 speakers to a 4 channel amp?
A: An increase in load makes your amp hot that is not good for your amplifier. You can connect 6 speakers to 4 channel amp either in series or parallel. Both have their advantages as well as disadvantages. The choice will be yours. Suppose you have 4-ohm speakers that people purchase mostly.
Q: How many speakers can be connected in a 4-ohm AMP?
A: If you wire 2 speakers of 4-ohm in parallel, it results in a 2-ohm load on your head unit. As you are going to connect 2 speakers on 1 channel, you will have to connect 4 speakers on 2 channels. Your 4 speakers are connected on 2 channels and the remaining 2 can be connected on the remaining 2 channels. Now 6 speakers are connected on 4 channels.
Q: Which two speakers to wire in a single channel?
A: Now the question arises which two speakers to wire in a single channel. Suppose that 6 speakers are installed in your car in such a way that 2 are on the dashboard, 2 on the rear, and two on the sides. In this case, you can wire 2 rear speakers with 1 channel and 2 side speakers with other 1 channel.
Q: Can you wire 2 speakers in parallel?
A: If you wire 2 speakers of 4-ohm in parallel, it results in a 2-ohm load on your head unit. As you are going to connect 2 speakers on 1 channel, you will have to connect 4 speakers on 2 channels. Your 4 speakers are connected on 2 channels and the remaining 2 can be connected on the remaining 2 channels.


Stata The Stata listserver
st: Confidence intervals for rates (dependent events)
From Dirk Enzmann <>
Subject st: Confidence intervals for rates (dependent events)
Date Wed, 09 Feb 2005 16:57:01 +0100
This is not a specific stata question, but I don't know where to look for an answer to the following problem (perhaps it is too easy but I can't see it):
In a sample a part of the respondents have experienced victimizing events. Only a part of these events have been reported to the police. The rate of events reported to the police is
number of reported events / number of experienced events.
For example, 13 of 267 respondents have experienced a victimizing event, none of them did report it to the police, thus the rate of events reported is 0 % (here I am talking of events, not individuals!)
Because the events cannot be assumed to be independent (some victims have a high rate of vicitimization because they are more prone to become a victim) the construction of a confidence interval for the rate of events reported becomes difficult (to me).
Question 1: If nevertheless a use a binomial test to construct a confidence interval (say: 0 of 13 events reported, 95% CI = 0 to 24.7%), is it correct that the width of this interval is a lower bound and thus a conservative estimate?
Question 2: (a) My intuition tells me that multilevel modeling could be a solution to obtain a correct confidence interval by treating the events and the events reported as the first level and the victims as the second. Is this correct and how should I specify this model to obtain a confidence interval?
(b) Alternatively, could I treat the events (and events reported?) as coming from a negative binomial distribution and use this for constructing a confidence interval? How can this be done technically?
(Apart from constructing confidence intervals I would like to test the rate of reporting for different subgroups or different kind of events.)
Thanks in advance,
Dr. Dirk Enzmann
Institute of Criminal Sciences
Dept. of Criminology
Schlueterstr. 28
D-20146 Hamburg
phone: +49-040-42838.7498 (office)
+49-040-42838.4591 (Billon)
fax: +49-040-42838.2344
* For searches and help try:


Simply energy efficiency is about media size. Smaller media has more surface area and higher media / particle collision frequency making it more efficient. The high intensity in the IsaMill™ means small media can break coarse particles. The large scale of the IsaMill™ makes that efficiency available to mainstream grinding.
The high energy efficiency of stirred mills compared to ball mills is well understood. The use of tower mills as an energy efficient alternative to secondary and regrind ball milling became a common inclusion in the latter part of the previous century. Traditionally the higher energy efficiency was attributed to the difference between attrition grinding in tower mills and impact grinding in ball milling. However by far the most important factor for fine grinding is media size and therefore the breakage rate. Small media has a larger surface area which translates to better transfer of energy. Although Tower Mills are full attrition grinding, they are constrained to using relatively coarse media 12-25mm balls. In contrast the IsaMill™ can operate with much finer media (e.g. 1mm) and much higher intensity of power input.
 Power Intensity
Media Size
No Balls
(per m3)
Surface Area
Ball Mill 20 20 95,500 120
Tower Mill 4 12 442,000 200
IsaMill™ 400 1 1,146,500,000
Media selection has a major influence on mill parameters such as energy efficiency, internal wear and operating costs. With the introduction of economic ceramic media the energy efficiency of IsaMills™ increases dramatically.


text:
ROVER LI 30 AMP MPPT setup
I have 135AH AGM 12V AMP Lead Acid SLA deep cycle battery.
According to battery manual:
Standby Use: 13.5 - 13.8V (is this float charge? Constant Voltage?)
Cycle use: 14.4 - 15.0V
How should I program my Rover LI 30AMP controller?
What charging parameters settings should I use?
(Equalizing voltage, Boost voltage, Floating charging voltage, over-discharge return voltage, Over discharge voltage)???
Also assuming % capacity of battery is calculated from Battery Voltage.
What should the battery voltage be after Load consume 40amp.?
Do I understand it correctly, if something will be consuming 5amp over 8hours, the total consumed amps should be 40AH right?
This is about 30% of battery discharge.
Would the battery voltage drops from 13.8 to 9.66V?
Isnt this too much discharge?
Even if those deep cycle batteries can go up to 50% their depth of discharge.
Would then the battery voltage drops to 6.9V?
How do you test the health of battery?
Is there any chance to find out how many discharge cycles battery already had?


text:
Data Quality Control procedures are important for:
- Detecting missing mandatory information
- Detecting errors made during the transfer or reformatting
- Detecting duplicates
- Detecting remaining outliers (spikes, out of scale data, vertical instabilities etc)
- Attaching a quality flag to each numerical value in order not to modify the observed data points
A guideline of recommended QC procedures has been compiled, reviewing NODC schemes and other known schemes (e.g. WGMDM guidelines, World Ocean Database, GTSPP, Argo, WOCE, QARTOD, ESEAS,SIMORC, etc.). The guideline at present contains QC methods for CTD (temperature and salinity), current meter data (including ADCP), wave data and sea level data. The guideline has been compiled in discussion with IOC, ICES and JCOMM, to ensure an international acceptance and tuning. Important feedback originated from the joint IODE/JCOMM Forum on Oceanographic Data Management and Exchange Standards (January 2008), joined by SeaDataNet and international experts to consider on-going work on standards and to seek harmonisation, where possible. Activities are now underway for extending the guideline with QC methods for surface underway data, nutrients, geophysical data, and biological data.
Furthermore a harmonised scheme of QC Flags to be used in SeaDataNet to label individual data values has been defined and adopted.This QC Flag scale is available in the SeaDataNet Common Vocabularies as list L20.
This activity is coordinated by BODC


text:
Power showers combine the water from hot and cold supplies to reach the perfect temperature, while using a pump to offer incredible water pressure.
Here, we run through how to install a Mira Event XS thermostatic power shower. Remember that only a qualified professional should attempt power shower installation and you should always ensure that both the plumbing and electricity supplies are shut off before installing a power shower.
The following installation procedure is based on a bottom-entry pipework configuration (rising hot and cold water supplies) and a top-entry electrical supply configuration (via miniature trunking from above). Using this procedure as a guide, adjust the steps for alternative water supply or electrical supply configurations as appropriate.
- Decide on a suitable location for the Mira Event XS, avoiding buried cables and pipes. Leave a minimum distance of 200mm from the ceiling to allow for the fitting and removal of the cover. Ensure that when the hose retaining ring is placed on the lowest position on the slide bar, there is a minimum distance of 25mm between the handset and the bath or shower tray spillover when the handset is hanging down.
- Fit the three rubber feet into the recesses in the case. The feet will reduce the noise transmitted by the power shower through the wall.
- Remove the temperature knob concealing cap.
- Insert the end of the push-fit tool under the temperature control knob, in line with the temperature override button, and lever off the temperature knob.
- Unscrew the three retaining screws sufficiently to remove the shower cover. The cover retaining screws are captive and need not be removed.
- Using a spirit level, position the Mira Event XS on the wall and mark the three fixing points. Ensure the marked fixing points are not in line with buried cables and pipes before drilling.
- Drill 9.5mm holes and fit the rubber wall plugs supplied.
- Cut away and trim the thinned section in the top of the case to allow the electrical supply cable to run down the cable channel in the back of the case.
- Run the electrical supply cable into the surface-mounted miniature trunking (not supplied). Allow sufficient cable to connect to the Mira Event XS terminal block (approximately 275mm). Strip back approximately 30mm of outer cable insulation.
- Run the hot and cold water supply pipes at 28mm centres, ensuring that the pipe ends project into the Mira Event XS by 30mm to allow connection into the inlet manifold.
- Ensure that the end of the supply pipework is cut squarely and that it is free from burrs, which can damage the inlet manifold seals. Chamfer the end of the pipe to assist insertion into the fitting and to prevent the 'O' seal from tearing. Do not insert fingers into the push-fit connectors, as this can result in injury. Thoroughly flush the incoming hot and cold water supply pipes to remove debris before connecting the Mira Extreme shower.
- Push the supply pipework inside the inlet manifold until resistance is felt. Do not force it.
- The collet and 'O' seal will automatically make a hydraulic seal.
- This Mira Event XS must be fixed to the wall at all three fixing positions. The fixing holes are elongated to assist in vertical and horizontal alignment.
- Screw the Mira Event XS T to the wall using either the supplied wall screws or alternative fixings, depending on the wall structure. Do not over-tighten. Ensure that the electrical supply cable is correctly seated in the channel in the back of the case.
- Connect the conductors of the electrical supply cable to the terminal block. The supply cable earth connector should be sleeved.
- Turn the flow spindle fully clockwise so that the flat is facing towards 11 o'clock.
- Turn the flow knob fully clockwise on the cover so that the indicator is pointing to the off position.
- Refit the cover and secure with the three cover retaining screws.
- Refit the temperature control knob and the concealing cap.
Read our full manual for diagrams and instructions on commissioning and operating the shower.