Characterization of sound scattering layers in the Bay of Biscay using broadband acoustics, nets and video
Sound scattering layers (SSLs) are observed over a broad range of spatio-temporal scales and geographical areas. SSLs represent a large biomass, likely involved in the biological carbon pump and the structure of marine trophic webs. Yet, the taxonomic composition remains largely unknown for many SSLs. To investigate the challenges of SSL sampling, we performed a survey in a small study area in the Northern Bay of Biscay (France) by combining broadband and narrowband acoustics, net sampling, imagery and video recordings. In order to identify organisms contributing to the observed SSLs, we compared measured frequency spectra to forward predicted spectra derived from biological data. Furthermore, to assess the confidence in SSL characterization, we evaluated uncertainties in modeling, acoustical and biological samplings. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that SSL backscattering intensity in the Bay of Biscay can be dominated in springtime by resonant gas bearing organisms below 100 kHz, namely siphonophores and juvenile fishes and by pteropods at higher frequencies. Thus, we demonstrate the importance of broadband acoustics combined to nets, imagery and video to characterize resonant backscatterers and mixed mesozooplankton assemblages.
Full Text
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Publisher's official version
193 Mo
S1 Appendix. Echosounder calibrations.
235 Ko
S2 Appendix. Gaseous target backscattering model.
2131 Ko
S1 Fig. Noise spectrum.
-1 Mo
S2 Fig. Images of main scatterers.
-686 Ko
S3 Fig. Hydrological context.
-375 Ko
S1 Table. Description of used mesozooplankton and micronekton nets.
156 Ko
How to cite
Blanluet Arthur, Doray Mathieu, Berger Laurent, Romagnan Jean-Baptiste, Le Bouffant Naig, Lehuta Sigrid, Petitgas Pierre (2019). Characterization of sound scattering layers in the Bay of Biscay using broadband acoustics, nets and video. Plos One. 14 (10). e0223618 (19p.). _URL_ _URL_
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text:
protection of civilians from civilian harm from the use of explosive weapons in populated areas constitutes a chance to integrate environmental considerations in both data gathering and military planning cycles.
Furthermore, more data should be collected in those areas where the environmental impact may be expected, but where no credible data is available to support this yet. Proper identification and assessment of targeted urban areas can help understand the wider environmental security risks and can already be implemented with current open-source investigative research and remote sensing approaches. The information collected can be shared with relevant humanitarian response organizations and authorities to minimize further exposure and ensure rapid clean-up and monitoring of affected areas.
Thirdly, the environmental impact should be better integrated into mine-action and clearance operations, as currently is promoted by demining organizations and civil society groups. These novel approaches include proper environmental impact surveys, disposal methods and minimizing the impact of clearance organizations.
Lastly, we strongly urge states to include environmental considerations and concerns into the wider discussions on environment, peace and security, be it in fora such as the UN General or Environmental Assembly and the UN Security Council, in debates with donors on post-conflict reconstruction priorities or in ongoing engagements with legal processes such as the ILC and dialogues with the ICRC around the updated Military Guidelines on the environment.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The first edition refers to a book's first printing run. For some blockbuster titles, this can be as many as 50,000 copies or more. But for older books, or books originally published by small imprints, the first run may have been as few as 100 copies. For books that have subsequently become desirable or prized for their place in literature, the first edition is almost always published in a smaller, and thus more collectible, print run.
Beyond sheer scarcity, first editions are also collected because they are considered to be the closest a reader can get to the author's original intent for his or her work. Thus, first editions are sought if a book has been changed for the second printing. Changes include new prefaces, text corrections or edits, and changes to a book's format or binding.
Especially collectible are first editions of books that went on to win any of the numerous literary prizes that the publishing world annually bestows upon itself. For example, "W...
In general, there are as many types of collectible first editions as there are collectible categories of books. After the 2009 film "Julie & Julia" revived interest in chef and author Julia Child, prices for first-edition copies of her 1961 cookbook, "Mastering the Art of French Cooking," soared, although it's a safe bet that the movie-fueled demand will not be long-lasting. Not all first editions need to be vintage to be collectible. For example, the success of the recent "Twilight" vampire movies has made first-edition copies of Stephanie Meyer's 2005 novel of the same name quite collectible.
The other thing to consider when collecting first editions is the country where a book was originally published. First editions produced for readers in the writer's home country are usually more collectible than those printed in foreign countries. The most famous example of this is probably J.K. Rowling's "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone," which was published by Bloomsbury in the U.K. in 1997 before being re-titled by Scholastic in 1998 for the U.S. market as "Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone." That first Bloomsbury edition numbered around 1,000 copies, which is why copies of this edition routinely sell in the six figures.
Novels from the 19th century present the collector with a number of unique challenges. First, the paper and binding is obviously very old, so caring for a first edition from that time period requires attention and effort—it may not be wise to simply shove a first edition of "David Copperfield" by Charles Dickens onto a crowded bookshelf. The other issue particular to Dickens is that many of his books were initially serialized, which means there is typically a first edition "bound from the parts" as well as a "first edition in book form."
The other problem with 19th-century novels, especially the early ones, is that books were routinely rebound to make the covers more attractive than their originals. During rebinding, half-title pages were often dispensed with, further eroding the value of rebound first editions.
Modern first editions are books from the Edwardian era through contemporary times. The quality of the dust jackets of these editions can have a large impact on the value of modern books, in no small part because the artwork on them is sometimes as highly regarded as the writing within. Famous covers include those for F. Scott Fitzgerald's "The Great Gatsby" (1925), John Steinbeck's "The Grapes of Wrath" (1939), and J.D. Salinger's "The Catcher in the Rye" (1951).
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source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Standardized comparison of glucose intolerance in west African-origin populations of rural and urban Cameroon, Jamaica, and Caribbean migrants to Britain. JF Diabetes Care JO Diabetes Care FD American Diabetes Association SP 434 OP 440 DO 10.2337/diacare.22.3.434 VO 22 IS 3 A1 Mbanya, J C A1 Cruickshank, J K A1 Forrester, T A1 Balkau, B A1 Ngogang, J Y A1 Riste, L A1 Forhan, A A1 Anderson, N M A1 Bennett, F A1 Wilks, R YR 1999 UL _URL_ AB OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of glucose intolerance in genetically similar African-origin populations within Cameroon and from Jamaica and Britain. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Subjects studied were from rural and urban Cameroon or from Jamaica, or were Caribbean migrants, mainly Jamaican, living in Manchester, England. Sampling bases included a local census of adults aged 25-74 years in Cameroon, districts statistically representative in Jamaica, and population registers in Manchester. African-Caribbean ethnicity required three grandparents of this ethnicity. Diabetes was defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) 1985 criteria using a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (2-h > or = 11.1 mmol/l or hypoglycemic treatment) and by the new American Diabetes Association criteria (fasting glucose > or = 7.0 mmol/l or hypoglycemic treatment). RESULTS: For men, mean BMIs were greatest in urban Cameroon and Manchester (25-27 kg/m2); in women, these were similarly high in urban Cameroon and Jamaica and highest in Manchester (27-28 kg/m2). The age-standardized diabetes prevalence using WHO criteria was 0.8% in rural Cameroon, 2.0% in urban Cameroon, 8.5% in Jamaica, and 14.6% in Manchester, with no difference between sexes (men: 1.1%, 1.0%, 6.5%, 15.3%, women: 0.5%, 2.8%, 10.6%, 14.0%), all tests for trend P < 0.001. Impaired glucose tolerance was more frequent in Jamaica. CONCLUSIONS: The transition in glucose intolerance from Cameroon to Jamaica and Britain suggests that environment determines diabetes prevalence in these populations of similar genetic origin.


mIRC.
 /dll [data]
 $dll(name.dll, procname, data)
 These open the named DLL, call the procedure in the DLL, and send it
 the specified data.
 The procedure in the DLL being called must be of the form:
 int FAR PASCAL *procname(HWND mWnd, HWND aWnd, char far *data,
 char far *parms, BOOL show, BOOL nopause)
 mWnd is the handle to the main mIRC window.
 aWnd is the handle of the window in which the command is being
 issued, this might not be the currently active window if the
 command is being called by a remote script.
 data is the information that you wish to send to the DLL. On
 return, the DLL can fill this variable with the command it
 wants mIRC to perform if any.
 parms is filled by the DLL on return with parameters that it
 wants mIRC to use when performing the command that it returns
 in the data variable.
 The data and parms variables can each hold 900 chars maximum.
 show is FALSE if the. prefix was specified to make the command
 quiet, or TRUE otherwise.
 nopause is TRUE if mIRC is in a critical routine and the DLL must
 not do anything that pauses processing in mIRC, eg. the DLL should
 not pop up a dialog. Otherwise nopause is FALSE.
 The DLL can return an integer to indicate what it wants mIRC to do:
 0 means that mIRC should /halt processing
 1 means that mIRC should continue processing
 2 means that it has filled the data variable with a command which
 it wants mIRC to perform, and has filled parms with the parameters
 to use, if any, when performing the command.
 3 means that the DLL has filled the data variable with the result
 that $dll() as an identifier should return.
 The 32bit mIRC can only call 32bit DLLs, and the 16bit mIRC can only
 call 16bit DLLs.
67.Added event on RAWMODE, triggers when mode change is made on one or
 more users on a channel, you can use $1- to parse the raw mode change
 on 1:RAWMODE:_TAG_:/echo $nick set $chan mode to $1-
 Also added $mode(N).op/deop/ban/unban/voice/devoice/help/dehelp
 which can be used in mode change events to list the nicks affected
 by the mode change.
 eg. $mode(0).op returns the number of opped nicks
 $mode(1).op lists first opped nick
 Added $modefirst and $modelast identifiers, return $true or $false
 depending on whether the event is the first or last to trigger.
68.Custom identifiers now pass parameters separated by commas correctly,
 ie. $test(a, b c, d) will result in $1 = a, $2 = b c, $3 = d
 Also added /tokenize command, this fills $1 $2... $N
 identifiers with tokens separated by character C in text, eg. if
 you used /tokenize 32 $1- in the above $test(a, b c, d) example,
 this would make $1 = a, $2 = b, $3 = c, $4 = d.
69.Fixed bug in $read returning $null for lines containing only one
70.Fixed /sockread -f bug when used with %vars.
71.Trailing menu separators are now removed from menus.
72.Changed /flash method, displays flash message longer, also added
 /flash -rN switch, repeats flash only N times.
73.Fixed bug relating to query windows MDI/desktop mode.
74.Fixed popup menu separator bug.
75.Extended $right()/$left(), you can now specify a negative value to
 return all but N characters.
76.Added /echo -l switch, applies the "highlight" settings in the
 options dialog to the line that's displayed.
77.Improved message highlight feature in options dialog, now allows
 individual highlight matches each with its own settings.
 For match words you can now specify a word, an identifier or
 variable, or wildcard text.
78.Fixed $snick() returning $null when N = 0 in some cases.
79.Increased custom dialog controls maximum from 250 to 500.
80.Added $did().visible and.enabled properties, return $true or
81.Added /dialog -v switch, makes dialog the active window.
82.Fixed error reporting bug for invalid dialog tables.
83.Added $menu identifier, returns menu name, eg.
 menu nicklist,channel {
 $iif($menu == nicklist,...):{}
 $iif($menu == channel,...):{}
84.Extended $deltok(text,N,C), can now specify N1-N2 a range of
 tokens to delete.
85.Added /query -n switch to open query window minimized.
86.Word completion with Tab Key now works for:
 1) nickname in a query window, 2) nicknames in notify list
 when in status window, and 3) _TAG_ names in your channels
 folder when in any window.
87.Hotlink now won't display hand over an address that contains!
88.Added $auto $ignore $protect identifiers, return $true or $false
 if /auto /ignore /protect is on or off.
89.Added $abook(nick,N) identifier, with properties,.nick.info
 .email.website.picture.noteN to return address book info.
 Allowed formats $abook(nick) $abook(N) $abook(nick,N) where
 nick can also be a wildcard.
90.Extended /filter command, format is now:
 /filter [-sgdfwxnprcteu] [n-n2] [C S]
 -c = clear output window/file before writing results to it
 -t = sort output based on column C using character S as the
 columns separator, -e = descending, -u = numeric sort.
 Also, if the input and output are the same window/file, mIRC
 will process the request correctly.
91.Toggling MDI/desktop window now keeps editbox contents.
92.Added $disk(C).type.free.label, you can test if a hard-disk
 exists or is accessible with $disk(C), returns $true/$false.
93.Fixed DCC Send freezing bug.
94.If the switchbar "sort tabs" switch is on, DCC sends/gets are
 sorted in the order in which they were started.
95.Added support for!channels for IRCnet. mIRC only enables this
 on IRC servers with >= 2.10 in server numeric 004.
 Note, important consequence: when mIRC is on IRCnet >= 2.10,
 it internally recognizes! as a channel prefix. This may
 results in script/etc. problems where! is used to identify
 a fileserver session.
96.Added support for IRCX %_TAG_, and for owner.nicks in
 channel nick listbox, as well as /mode +q. mIRC also does
 /listx on IRCX servers by default now and reads numerics
 811, 812, 816, and 817 for the channels list. mIRC recognizes
 IRCX servers by seeing a >= 5.5 in the server numeric 004.
 Note, important consequence: when mIRC is on IRCX >= 5.5,
 it internally recognizes % as a channel prefix. Since % is
 used as a variable prefix in scripts/aliases/etc. in mIRC,
 this may result in script/etc. problems.
97.Now shows "you're not channel operator" server message in
 channel window.
98.Can now use $(vars/identifiers) in remote event match sections
 to evaluate any combination of vars/identifiers/text, eg.
 on 1:TEXT:$(*hello $me $+ *):?:echo hello back!
99.Added support for local variables by using the /var command:
 var %x = 1, %y, %z = $me
 Local variables can only be used in the alias in which they
 were created and are destroyed when the alias terminates.
100.You can no longer unset a variable by using /set with no
 value, you must use /unset.
101.Fixed /nick gpf bug when specifying very long nicknames.
102.Extended /bset command:
 /bset -t <&binvar> [...]
 The -t switch indicates that it should treat the values as
 plain text and copy them directly into the &binvar.
 Also added N2 range parameter to $bvar(&binvar,N[-N2]), and
 a.text property which returns plain text up to the first
 zero character.
 Also added /breplace command:
 /breplace <&binvar> [...]
103.Fixed $mask() ip address related bug.
104.Added option in General dialog, right-clicking mouse button on
 a line in a listbox can now auto-select it.
105.Added Merge


text:
Mathematical and drug calculation abilities of paramedic students
- Department of Community Emergency Health and Paramedic Practice, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
- Correspondence to Kathryn Eastwood, Monash University, Department of Community Emergency Health and Paramedic Practice, Frankston 3199, Victoria, Australia;
Contributors KE: Study conception, background; collected, collated, analysed data and wrote the manuscript. MB: Discussed core ideas of the study, assisted with study design and data analysis and manuscript writing. BW: Discussed core ideas of the study, assisted with study design and helped to write the manuscript. There were no other contributors to this study.
- Accepted 5 March 2012
- Published Online First 13 April 2012
Aim The objective of this study was to determine if undergraduate paramedics could accurately perform common drug calculations and basic mathematical computations normally required in the workplace.
Method A descriptive paper-based questionnaire collecting demographical data, student attitudes regarding their drug calculation performance, and answers to a series of basic mathematical and drug calculation questions was administered to undergraduate paramedic students.
Results The mean score was 39.5% with only 3.3% of students (n=3) scoring greater than 90%, and 63% (n=58) scoring 50% or less. Conceptual errors made up 48.5%, arithmetical 31.1% and computational 17.4%.
Conclusion This study suggests undergraduate paramedics have deficiencies in performing accurate calculations with conceptual errors indicating a fundamental lack of mathematical understanding.
- Drug dosage calculations
- medication errors
- emergency ambulance systems
Competing interests None.
Ethics approval Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.


Image Map Generator
Demo to preview the plugin:
Introduction
The plugin is designed to enhance user interaction by displaying a responsive image map with invisible clickable zones. Each zone, when clicked, triggers an event that records the zone's number or name into the state, ensuring precise tracking of user activity. This feature is ideal for creating interactive images, allowing for seamless data collection and user engagement.
The plugin's invisible zones ensure the visual integrity of the image remains intact while providing a robust mechanism for capturing user interactions. Perfect for applications requiring detailed user interaction mapping, this plugin offers an intuitive and efficient solution for developers and designers alike.
How to setup
1. Prepare content
2. Plugin element
Plugin Element Properties
Image without caption
Fields:
Title
Description
Type
Image
Image
Image
Content
Text
Keep Aspect Ratio
Enabling this option ensures that the image maintains its original aspect ratio, preventing distortion or stretching
Checkbox (yes/no)
Show title on hover
Show title when a region is hovered
Checkbox (yes/no)
Show cursor on hover
Change cursor when a region is hovered
Checkbox (yes/no)
Exposed states
Title
Description
Type
Clicked ID
ID of the last clicked region
Number
Clicked Title
Name of the last clicked region
Text
Element Events
Title
Description
Region is clicked
Triggers when region is clicked
Changelogs
Update: 12.06.24 - Version 1.0.0
 - First release


text:
This component belongs to the category of ForceField. This component allows to simulate springs with Polynomial stress strain behavior. If we note:
- the spring force
- the cross section (always 1.0)
- the stress-strain non-linear function
- the original length and the current length of the spring
- the point displacement
the generic non-linear force can thus be written: where is polynom as follows: and
The dedication of jacobian matrix for PolynomialSpringForceField is given below:
Note that a RestShapePolynomialSpringsForceField does exist. It will compute the same non-linear force with regards to the rest shape of one single object. To avoid Nan problems when a spring has a zero length, an exponential addition to the denominator has been added. As a result, the stress simulation is shifted compared with polynomial values, but it keeps its nonlinearity:
More details were given in the pull-request #1342.
The polynomial parameters are set as two arrays:
- polynomialDegree: describing the set of polynomial degrees for every spring
- polynomialStiffness: describing the set of polynomial coefficients sequentially combined in one vector.
The coefficients are put from smaller degree to bigger one, and the free coefficient is always zero (since for no strain we have no stress). For examples the coefficients for polynomials [3,2,4] will be put as [a1,a2,a3,b1,b2,c1,c2,c3,c4].
- firstObjectPoints corresponding to the indices of the points related to the first object
- secondObjectPoints corresponding to the indices of the points related to the second object
- compressible: indicating if object compresses without reaction force
The PolynomialSpringsForceField requires two different objects to link, which means two MechanicalObjects on which the non-linear spring will act. On the other hand, RestShapePolynomialSpringsForceField will act on one single body, i.e. one MechanicalObject.
This component is used as follows in XML format:
or using Python:
An example scene involving a PolynomialSpringsForceField is available in examples/Components/forcefield/PolynomialSpringsForceField.scn
Last modified: 15 May 2023


text:
Purpose: To assess referrals from primary care practitioners to an ophthalmological practice in order to determine whether any differences exist between the two primary care groups in the types of conditions referred, and in concurrence between reasons for referral and ophthalmological diagnosis.
Methods: This study investigated patient referrals from general practitioners and optometrists to an ophthalmologist's practice in Belfast, over a period of 3 months from January 2007 to the end of March 2007. Anonymised data were divided into two groups depending on the referring practitioner. Within the two groups, patient numbers were sub-divided into 15 categories covering the range of diagnoses made. Preliminary diagnoses or reasons for referral were compared with the definitive diagnoses made by the ophthalmologist.
Results: Optometrists contributed the greatest number of referrals (323) with 243 patients referred by general practitioners. Cataract was the most common condition referred by optometrists, and the second most common condition referred by general practitioners: agreement with ophthalmological diagnosis was high for both groups of primary care practitioners. Concurrence of referral reason with ophthalmological diagnosis for glaucoma was lower for general practitioners (56%) than for optometrists (76%), but optometrists referred more false positive patients for glaucoma than did general practitioners. The opposite was true for lid/tear duct/conjunctival conditions, the most common basis for referral by general practitioners.
Conclusions: The differences between the two primary care practitioner groups may reflect variations in training, skills and practice. Further investigation of the particular strengths of both groups, and how they can be optimised to promote effective shared care, is required.


text:
Capable of tracking GPS, GLONASS and BeiDou, the SA100 provides stable satellite signals for your use. High gain and anti-interference design guarantees the signal quality.
DESIGNED FOR DYNAMIC
Benefit from the high gain of the low-noise amplifier, the SA300 can deliver high quality satellite signals in high speed dynamic scenarios. With the small size and light weight, SA300 can be easily applied in UAVs and other dynamic applications.
The LNA of SA300 shows excellent out-of-band suppression performance, which can suppress useless electromagnetic wave signals and prevent the receiver from being interfered by other wireless communication systems.
Do you have questions about this product?
- Questions about price, availability, and/or retailers
- Questions about technical specifications and usage
- Questions about suitability for your project or application
Min. operating power [V]
Max. operating power [V]
Noise figure [max dB]
Tracked satellite signals
GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou
Type of GPS measurements
Type of GLONASS measurements
Type of Galileo measurements
Type of Beidou measurements
B1, B2, B3
Type of SBAS measurements
Signal gain [dB]
Operating temperature: min. [°C]
Operating temperature: max. [°C]
95% no condensation
Water sand and dust proof
Year of introduction
Total Weight [kg]

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
On the new Huntebrücke in Diepholz, a dynamic lighting concept ensures that the light automatically adapts to the use of the bridge and at the same time becomes a landmark for the city. In the month of June - the month in which the twinning between Diepholz and Thouars was signed - the bridge appears in the colors of the tricolor of Germany and France as well as the coats of arms of Diepholz and Thouars.
In other months, for example, the play of colors between the beach and the sun, snowfall or spring meadows appear in dynamic light images that make the bridge appear different again and again.
However, as soon as pedestrians or cyclists approach the bridge, their path across the bridge is always illuminated in white light in accordance with the current specifications of DIN EN13201. In the approach area to the bridge, the correct route is made visible via projections from GOBO spotlights. This white light also appears again and again in different movements on the bridge and makes entering the bridge a surprising experience again and again.


text:
Hare Krishna dear devotees,
Some times we get confused between what exactly is sin and what is reaction? What is the difference between these two? I recently heard a very nice explanation by HH Bhaktividya Purna maharaj and I am copying it's transcript.
What is the difference between reaction and sin?
HH Bhaktividya Purna Maharaj :
Reaction will be you are put into the same situation in which you are giving that trouble, and you are on the other side. That's reaction. Sin means going to hell for some time and going through all the animal species to be punished before you come to that situation.
The person who according to the Vedic literature kills an animal in sacrifice there is no sin. He'll be elevated, the animal will be elevated. As far as karma-kanda goes it looks good all the way round. But there is still reaction that in the future the person that performed the sacrifice will be the animal, and the animal will be the person performing he sacrifice. Now the animal will get to sacrifice you. But it's all good, it's all pious activity. This is the downside. The reaction is there but they won't go to hell for killing the animal and take birth in so many animal species. It's still circle. That's why if one is intelligent one worships Krsna and gets out of that, because it's stupid. Even though it's on this nicest level it's still stupid. Most of the time the two go together, when there is sin there is reaction. But when you perform pious activities you can have reaction without sin. Just like you can have a good reaction and there is no sin. So you can also have a bad reaction without sin. But technically it's all considered sinful because it's not connected to the Lord. Good and bad when it's not connected to the Lord it's sin.
(Lecture, 26th Oct. 2010)
All glories to Srila Prabhupada


How to ensure family businesses remain afloat after death of founders
By Mworia Kaibung'a | May 12th 2021
Kenyan family businesses employ over 60 per cent of the workforce and contribute over 50 per cent of GDP. Moreover, family businesses employ a sizeable population. Owing to this, stakeholders including the government, founders, employees and others should strive to ensure that these businesses transition seamlessly from one generation to another.
It has been established that only 30 per cent of all family businesses sustain good performance in the second generation, 12 per cent to third generation and a paltry 3 per cent get to fourth generation, leading to poor inter-generational transition. Death of these businesses is, obviously, against the will of the founders who would have wished they exist infinitely. In the recent past, poor performance in family businesses has been reported in Kenya particularly among the SMEs. Tuskys, a retail chain that is in its second generation is a good example.
Knowledge Transfer strategy has introduced a new way of sharing resources and experiences. It has created a framework of concrete preserve of tacit and explicit knowledge that emphasises the value of ideas and experiences. Business founders and experienced managers must cultivate the culture of sharing knowledge or create a repository for continuity of business.
A key issue to addressing performance challenges in family-owned businesses is knowledge transfer. Understanding the nuances of family businesses is vital to their performance. Since the founders are the brains behind these businesses, they automatically become the vision carriers. Subsequently, the founder brings in employees, sons, daughters and other family members to help in running the business as it grows.
Dissemination of knowledge by founders to these other stakeholders ensures smooth running of the business in current and subsequent generations. The knowledge aspect is diverse; from where to get raw materials, where to sell products and credit partners, etc. Lone understanding of such aspects may be counterproductive to the business especially if the founder/vision carrier dies or is incapacitated. Multiple employees understanding different aspects of the family business is key to its survival.
The growing importance that knowledge has acquired suggests the need to think about how organisations process their knowledge bases; how they create and develop new knowledge, share and transmit it. Kenyan family-owned businesses should endeavour to ensure knowledge is well disseminated to ensure flawless transition. It's imperative for would-be successors to understand the nuances of the businesses before it's too late.
A good case study is Apple Inc. where Steve Jobs by design prepared Tom Cook to take over the business. Today, Apple is performing better than during its first generation period.
Other notable cases include the Ndegwa family businesses, the Kenyattas, the Mulleys, Bidco, Sarit Centre and Naivas. The turbulence that has hit family businesses such as Tuskys, the Michukis, Karumes and Kirimas after the exit of the founders could be attributed to failure to acquire businesses knowledge, among other reasons.
Family businesses should have structured knowledge transfer strategy such as training sessions, codification, personalisation and mentorship. Moreover, they should cultivate a culture of organisational learning.
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Daddy's Girl: Journey on being raised by single father
Why Kenyan boxers are winning medals once again


Dynamics. Figure 1: Dynamics used to generate an exemplar of the letter A. To generate
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1 Dynamics Any physical system, such as neurons or muscles, will not respond instantaneously in time but will have a time-varying response termed the dynamics. The dynamics of neurons are an inevitable constraint of the times taken to charge cell bodies by ionic currents. Dynamics limit the ultimate speed of computation, but they also can be helpful. One way is to allow compact specifications for the generation of actions. Figure 1 shows an example of a trajectory used to write the letter A generated by the dynamics of a network of neurons. To generate the trajectory for the A, points on the letter are specified only during a training phase. After that, generating the trajectory shown in the figure requires only the starting point Figure 1: Dynamics used to generate an exemplar of the letter A. To generate this letter, a neural network is trained by being given examples of points along a trajectory, as shown in the upper part of the figure. The trajectory is actually a smooth curve conjoined with a pen up/pen down component of the state vector that signals when to write. The result of learning is that when given a static signal denoting the letter A, the natural time constants of the network s weights enable it to dynamically generate an exemplar. (From Simard, 1991.) 1
2 Dynamical systems can be summarized as a single vector equation ẋ = F (x) where ẋ, read as x dot, denotes temporal derivative dx dt notation, x 1 ẋ 1 x x = 2 ẋ and ẋ = 2.. x n ẋ n and F (x) = f 1 (x 1, x 2,..., x n ). f n (x 1, x 2,..., x n ) and, in vector where n is the order of the system. The dynamical system vector equation has a nice graphical interpretation. Where x is the position of the state vector, then ẋ is its instantaneous velocity. And since ẋ = F (x), then, for any point x, F (x) describes the change in state of the system when started at x, as shown in Figure 2. x 2 (1) x(t+!t) x o (t) F (x o ) x 1 Figure 2: The dynamic function has a straightforward interpretation as the instantaneous direction of motion of the system in the state space. 2
3 Linearizing a NL dynamical system Although the nonlinear system ẋ = F (x) is difficult to solve in general, its behavior about equilibrium points can be very informative. Such points in the state space can be stable, wherein the state vector moves back after a perturbation, or unstable, wherein the state vector moves away after a perturbation. Equilibrium point analysis can be formalized in terms of a linear approximation to the system at the point in question. The way to linearize a nonlinear system is to let x = x 0 + x where x 0 is an equilibrium point. Then this equation can be expanded in a Taylor series (see appendix). Writing the terms up to first order explicitly and denoting the rest as higher-order terms (HOTs), ẋ 0 + ẋ = F (x 0 ) + F (x 0 ) x + HOTs so that, since ẋ 0 = F (x 0 ), and it is assumed that the HOTs can be neglected, ẋ = F (x 0 ) x (2) This system is linear, since the matrix F (x 0 ) is constant, being evaluated at the equilibrium point. This matrix F (x)is a matrix of partial derivatives, and is called the Jacobian, as shown in Eq 3: F (x) = f 1 f 1 x 1 x 2 f 2 x 1. f n x 1 f 1 x n f n x n (3) 3
4 For a second-order sys- Example: Linearizing a Dynamical System tem let Then the Jacobian is given by F (x) = F (x) = x 1 + x 2 2 x 1 x 2 + x x 2 x 2 x 1 + 2x 2 At equilibrium, F (x) = 0, so that the point x 0 = 1 is an equilibrium 1 point. At this point the Jacobian F (x 0 ) simplifies to F (x 0 ) = Equation 2 is crucial, since it turns out that the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix govern the dynamic behavior of the system. Where the approximation is exact, the eigenvalues describe the behavior for the entire state space. In the more general case of a nonlinear system, the approximation is only local to equilibrium points, but the eigenvalues are still extremely useful in predicting local behavior. 4
5 Models for Neuron Dynamics A system of n neurons can be modeled by an equation of the form ẋ = g(w x) where W is a matrix denoting synaptic connections and g is a function that prevents the value of x from becoming too large or too small. The linear form of the model is given by ẋ = W x. Our ultimate objective is to describe ways of changing W to attain the dynamical behavior that achieves some goal, but before we can achieve it, we must understand how a given W governs dynamic behavior. Another way of achieving dynamical trajectories is to control or force the system with a specific time-varying signal, perhaps generated by additional neurons. In this case the model of the system is extended to denote the control vector u: ẋ = F (x, u) As with the unforced case, insights into this system can be gained by studying its linear form, ẋ = Ax + Bu The distinction between achieving behaviors by changing W or changing u is that W is assumed to vary much more slowly than u whereas the latter is assumed to vary on a timescale with the state vector x. 5
6 Solving Linear Systems From the foregoing discussion you can appreciate that linear differential systems are important as an approximation to nonlinear systems. The reason for this importance is that they are easy to analyze. The solution to the general case can be obtained as the composition of the solutions to first- and second-order systems. Thus we start by solving these key examples. Radioactive Decay The first example models the process of radioactive decay, as radioactive particles lose their radioactivity by emitting subatomic particles. The rate of this process is governed by the current amount of the substance. Beginning with M 0 of an element, and letting x(t) denote the amount at any time t, ẋ = ax To solve this expression, note that the equation is very close to setting the value of x equal to its derivative. This observation motivates trying e t, since it is its own derivative. In fact, trying e ct, or ce ct = ae ct c = a so that e at is a solution. Note that x(t) = Ae at works for any A. This fact is fortunate because we have to be able to match the initial condition x(0) = M 0, since e 0 = 1, A = M 0, and x = M 0 e at. 6
7 Undamped Harmonic Oscillator Figure 3 shows the classical secondorder system of a spring and mass. Motion is constrained in the vertical direction. In the horizontal direction the only force is the spring force, which is a linear function of displacement, that is, F = kx. k m Figure 3: The classical second-order system: an undamped harmonic oscillator consisting of a mass connected to a spring. Of interest is the behavior of the system when the mass is displaced from the equilibrium point. To derive the dynamic equation, start with Newton s law F = ma and substitute for the spring force. Acceleration is simply the second temporal derivative (in the notation x double dot ): Rearranging, kx = mẍ ẍ + k m x = 0 For the solution, as in the first-order case, try x(t) = e at so that ẍ = a 2 e at Substituting in the dynamic equation leads to or, in other words, a 2 e at + k m eat = 0 a 2 = k m 7
8 Thus in this case the solution has imaginary roots; that is, where imaginary i = 1, So the solution has the form k a = ± k m i x(t) = Ae iwt + Be iwt where w = m and where A and B are constants that can be determined by the initial conditions. Assume the spring starts out with zero velocity and is stretched by d, then from the initial condition on position, x(0) = d = Ae 0 + Be 0 = A + B and next from the initial condition on velocity, which implies that ẋ(0) = 0 = iwae 0 iwbe 0 A B = 0 Combining these two equations in A and B, Thus, finally, the solution is given by A = B = d 2 x(t) = d 2 eiwt + d 2 e iwt This solution can also be written as a cosine. Recall Euler s formula, e iθ = cos θ + i sin θ which allows the cosine and sine to be expressed as cos θ = eiθ + e iθ and sin θ = eiθ e iθ 2 2i so that x(t) = d


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I'm not sure this is an answer, but it got too long to be a comment! The projectivity of $G/B$ seems to me to follow from two facts: a) a homogeneous space $G/H$ is always a quasi-projective variety (which is due to Chevalley), and b) the variety $G/B$ must be complete.
The first fact clearly has nothing to do with Borel subgroups but it would be maybe interesting to ask about how many proofs we have of it. The idea of the construction is clear: find a representation of $G$ which contains a line $L$ which has $H$ as its stabilizer and then take the orbit of $L$ in $\mathbb P(V)$, but to see that you get a categorical quotient this way takes some more care: you need to use some infinitesimal properties, (which you can tidily say using the Lie algebra of course).
The second fact perhaps depends on what you're willing to assume, but it must come down to the Borel fixed point theorem in some form or other, since this tells you that if $G/H$ is complete, then any solvable subgroup will be contained in a conjugate of $H$, thus Borel subgroups are the only solvable subgroups with a chance of having an associated homogeneous space which is complete.
The argument from Humphreys' book uses the strategy of picking first a maximal solvable subgroup of largest dimension so as to show the orbit has to be closed (essentially because the stabilizer is largest so the orbit has smallest, but even then you use the Borel fixed point and the theorem for $GL_n$ if I remember correctly). I don't know how Onishchik and Vinberg get around this (if they do). Then, as the question says, you get the general result from the Borel fixed point theorem.
The proof for $GL_n$ shows that $G/B$ is projective if you take $B$ to be the subgroup of upper triangular matrices, but one still needs to show that this subgroup is a Borel, which again I only know how to do using the Borel fixed point theorem in some form. (And of course you can use the same strategy for other classical groups if you can eyeball a candidate Borel subgroup).
Given that, it's maybe worth pointing out that in all of this you can get away with a weak version of the Borel fixed point theorem: namely if $V$ is a representation of a solvable group $H$, and $X$ is an $H$-stable closed subvariety of $\mathbb P(V)$ then $X$ has an $H$-fixed point. This can be shown just using the Lie-Kolchin theorem (that is, that a representation of a solvable group contains a one-dimensional subrepresentation), which can be proved directly. Since the standard proof of the general Borel fixed point requires you to use something like Zariski's main theorem, this is maybe a noticeable saving.
All of this leads me to wonde how many proofs do we know for i) the fact that for any closed subgroup $H$ the homogeneous space $G/H$ has to be quasi-projective and ii) the Borel fixed point theorem (or some variant)?


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Identify Exhaustive Events
In this worksheet, students will practise identifying exhaustive events and look at the probability of an event not happening.
'Identify Exhaustive Events' worksheet
Key stage: KS 4
GCSE Subjects: Maths
GCSE Boards: AQA, Eduqas, Pearson Edexcel, OCR,
Curriculum topic: Probability
Curriculum subtopic: Probability Combined Events and Probability Diagrams
Difficulty level:
Worksheet Overview
In other activities, we have looked at finding a single probability. This time, we're going to look at exhaustive events.
What are exhaustive events?
Exhaustive events are two events that describe everything that could happen.
For example, if I throw a coin, getting a head and getting a tail are the only two things that could happen, so they are exhaustive.
If a roll a dice, getting a 2 and getting a 3 are not exhaustive as they don't describe everything that could happen.
If I roll a dice, getting a 2 and not getting a 2 are exhaustive as they describe everything that could happen.
Probabilities adding to 1
We know that if something is certain, it has a probability of 1.
We can use this fact to find the probability of something not happening.
Find the probability of rolling a dice and not getting a 2.
Let's look at the example from above with the dice.
The probability that I get a 2 and the probability that I don't get a 2 are exhaustive, this means that one of them is certain to happen. This means we can say that:
P(getting a 2) + P(not getting a 2) = 1
If we rearrange this...
P(not getting a 2) = 1 - P(getting a 2).
This means that if we know the probability of something happening, we can find the probability of it not happening.
P(not getting a 2) = 1 - 1/6 = 5/6
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The English Learner Advisory Committee (ELAC) is a committee of elected parents, staff, and community members specifically designated to advise school officials on English learner program services.
- ELAC shall be responsible for advising the principal and staff on programs and services for English Learners and the School Site Council on the development of the Single School Plan for Student Achievement (SPSA).
- The ELAC shall assist the school with:
- The school's Needs Assessment
- Understanding the school's annual English Learner Data reports
- Ways to make parents aware of the importance of regular school attendance
ELAC Meetings 2021-2022 Schedule


Home | About Us | Contact Us
Rick Scott, Governor
Florida Department of Corrections, Secretary Julie L. Jones
Florida Department of Corrections
Julie L. Jones, Secretary
Frequently Asked Questions Regarding
the Release of an Inmate
 1. How do I find an inmate's release date?
 1. The release date is a complex calculation affected by type of sentence, gaintime, and county jail credit.
 - Florida statute, court decisions, inmate behavior, and program participation may affect release dates.
 - Release dates are continually recalculated until approximately three weeks before the inmate's sentence ends.
 2. The quickest way to find a release date is to visit our website.
 1. Go to the Inmate Population Search and type in the inmate's name or six-digit Department of Corrections number (DC#) and submit the request.
 2. When the list appears with your search results, click on the number in the first column to open the detailed page with the inmate's picture, release date, and other information.
 3. Please remember this database does not show persons on probation or parole, nor if they are in county jail or federal prison.
 1. The release date showing is the release date as of the moment.
 2. The release date may change based upon gaintime awards or forfeitures and court orders--these changes will appear on the website within 24 hours of the award or forfeiture.
 3. Gaintime input for inmates statewide is completed by the 15th of the month following the month the gaintime is earned.
 3. Why does his/her release date change?
 4. The release date changes because the inmate is either earning or losing gaintime, court orders,or case law decisions.
 5. Can you tell me the exact release date of an inmate?
 1. Due to the influence of gaintime on the release date calculation, giving an exact release date is not possible until about 30 days before the inmate's end of sentence. At that time, the release date calculation is set and an anticipated release date is established (unless the inmate forfeits gaintime previously earned).
 2. The Classification Officer at the institution is the best source of this date (see Question 5).
 3. If the release date is outside of the 30 day window, please refer to Question 2, above.
 6. How do I find detailed information about an inmate's release date?
 1. The best source for this information is the Classification Officer at the inmate's facility.
 2. Each facility has a Classification Unit which can be contacted at the address and phone number listed in our Facility Directory.
If you need more information on Inmate Release Dates, then e-mail us at: _EMAIL_.us
Privacy Policy | Accessibility


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WHAT WE DO
CTT Spain Special Programs offers a wide variety of educational services like:
– Open workshops related to teaching thinking in the classroom, covering the following fields:
Infusing instruction in analytical, critical and creative thinking skills into content.
Development of longer didactic units including Project Based Units which infuse thinking skills.
Assessing students' development of skill at thinking.
Creating a culture of thinking in classrooms.
Developing thinking schools.
– CTT Summer Institute in Spain.
– Conferences and keynotes specialised in:
Teaching for the development of important "Habits of Mind".
The role of Metacognition in the classroom.
Developing Emotional Intelligence.
Visible Thinking: Using "Thinking Routines" in the classroom and creating a classroom "culture of thinking".
Teaching for Understanding.
Teaching Specialized Thinking Skills for the Development of Multiple Intelligences.
Graphic Organizers for Thinking: Dos and Don'ts.
– Bringing to Spain leaders in the field to present on special topics of importance in the teaching of thinking, like David Perkins from Project Zero at Harvard, and Carol McGuinness from the Network of Thinking Schools in Ireland.
– Working with universities throughout Spain to develop special university programs for teachers on teaching thinking, both on site at the universities themselves, and on-line.
There are three levels of programmes that we offer:
- Introductory awareness presentations, for those who want to find out what TBL involves.
- Training programmes, for those who would like to introduce TBL in their own teaching.
- Extension programmes, for those teachers and schools that have already infused thinking in the classroom instruction. For example, developing longer didactic units including problem and project based units that infuse organised clusters of thinking skills, assessing students development of skill at thinking, The development of thinking dispositions.
Programmes will be aimed at infants and primary level instruction, secondary instruction, high school instruction, administrative leadership teams and university faculty.


W3cubDocs
/Git
api-trace2
The Trace2 API can be used to print debug, performance, and telemetry information to stderr or a file. The Trace2 feature is inactive unless explicitly enabled by enabling one or more Trace2 Targets.
The Trace2 API is intended to replace the existing (Trace1) printf-style tracing provided by the existing GIT_TRACE and GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE facilities. During initial implementation, Trace2 and Trace1 may operate in parallel.
The Trace2 API defines a set of high-level messages with known fields, such as (start: argv) and (exit: {exit-code, elapsed-time}).
Trace2 instrumentation throughout the Git code base sends Trace2 messages to the enabled Trace2 Targets. Targets transform these messages content into purpose-specific formats and write events to their data streams. In this manner, the Trace2 API can drive many different types of analysis.
Targets are defined using a VTable allowing easy extension to other formats in the future. This might be used to define a binary format, for example.
Trace2 is controlled using trace2. config values in the system and global config files and GIT_TRACE2 environment variables. Trace2 does not read from repo local or worktree config files or respect -c command line config settings.
Trace2 targets
Trace2 defines the following set of Trace2 Targets. Format details are given in a later section.
The Normal Format Target
The normal format target is a tradition printf format and similar to GIT_TRACE format. This format is enabled with the GIT_TRACE2 environment variable or the trace2.normalTarget system or global config setting.
For example
$ export GIT_TRACE2=~/log.normal
$ git version
git version 2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb
or
$ git config --global trace2.normalTarget ~/log.normal
$ git version
git version 2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb
yields
$ cat ~/log.normal
12:28:42.620009 common-main.c:38 version 2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb
12:28:42.620989 common-main.c:39 start git version
12:28:42.621101 git.c:432 cmd_name version (version)
12:28:42.621215 git.c:662 exit elapsed:0.001227 code:0
12:28:42.621250 trace2/tr2_tgt_normal.c:124 atexit elapsed:0.001265 code:0
The Performance Format Target
The performance format target (PERF) is a column-based format to replace GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE and is suitable for development and testing, possibly to complement tools like gprof. This format is enabled with the GIT_TRACE2_PERF environment variable or the trace2.perfTarget system or global config setting.
For example
$ export GIT_TRACE2_PERF=~/log.perf
$ git version
git version 2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb
or
$ git config --global trace2.perfTarget ~/log.perf
$ git version
git version 2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb
yields
$ cat ~/log.perf
12:28:42.620675 common-main.c:38 | d0 | main | version | | | | | 2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb
12:28:42.621001 common-main.c:39 | d0 | main | start | | 0.001173 | | | git version
12:28:42.621111 git.c:432 | d0 | main | cmd_name | | | | | version (version)
12:28:42.621225 git.c:662 | d0 | main | exit | | 0.001227 | | | code:0
12:28:42.621259 trace2/tr2_tgt_perf.c:211 | d0 | main | atexit | | 0.001265 | | | code:0
The Event Format Target
The event format target is a JSON-based format of event data suitable for telemetry analysis. This format is enabled with the GIT_TRACE2_EVENT environment variable or the trace2.eventTarget system or global config setting.
For example
$ export GIT_TRACE2_EVENT=~/log.event
$ git version
git version 2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb
or
$ git config --global trace2.eventTarget ~/log.event
$ git version
git version 2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb
yields
$ cat ~/log.event
{"event":"version","sid":"sid":"20190408T191610.507018Z-H9b68c35f-P000059a8","thread":"main","time":"2019-01-16T17:28:42.620713Z","file":"common-main.c","line":38,"evt":"1","exe":"2.20.1.155.g426c96fcdb"}
{"event":"start","sid":"20190408T191610.507018Z-H9b68c35f-P000059a8","thread":"main","time":"2019-01-16T17:28:42.621027Z","file":"common-main.c","line":39,"t_abs":0.001173,"argv":["git","version"]}
{"event":"cmd_name","sid":"20190408T191610.507018Z-H9b68c35f-P000059a8","thread":"main","time":"2019-01-16T17:28:42.621122Z","file":"git.c","line":432,"name":"version","hierarchy":"version"}
{"event":"exit","sid":"20190408T191610.507018Z-H9b68c35f-P000059a8","thread":"main","time":"2019-01-16T17:28:42.621236Z","file":"git.c","line":662,"t_abs":0.001227,"code":0}
{"event":"atexit","sid":"20190408T191610.507018Z-H9b68c35f-P000059a8","thread":"main","time":"2019-01-16T17:28:42.621268Z","file":"trace2/tr2_tgt_event.c","line":163,"t_abs":0.001265,"code":0}
Enabling a Target
To enable a target, set the corresponding environment variable or system or global config value to one of the following:
 - 0 or false - Disables the target.
 - 1 or true - Writes to STDERR.
 - [2-9] - Writes to the already opened file descriptor.
 - <absolute-pathname> - Writes to the file in append mode.
 - af_unix:[<socket_type>:]<absolute-pathname> - Write to a Unix DomainSocket (on platforms that support them). Socket type can be either stream or dgram; if omitted Git will try both.
If the target already exists and is a directory, the traces will be written to files (one per process) underneath the given directory. They will be named according to the last component of the SID (optionally followed by a counter to avoid filename collisions).
Trace2 api
All public Trace2 functions and macros are defined in trace2.h and trace2.c. All public symbols are prefixed with trace2_.
There are no public Trace2 data structures.
The Trace2 code also defines a set of private functions and data types in the trace2/ directory. These symbols are prefixed with tr2_ and should only be used by functions in trace2.c.
Conventions for public


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Monday night, AISD trustees unanimously voted — with the exception of one abstaining member — to change the name of Robert E. Lee Elementary. Upset with the controversial namesake, some parents of children who attend the elementary school initiated the campaign in January, and have since garnered over 500 signatures for a petition in support. This movement, however, has been met by a counter petition with 450 signatures. The school board will decide the school's new name on May 23, after considering public concerns on both sides.
This is a landmark decision for Austin.
The name of a public school is an honorable title, so public schools should not be named after Confederate war generals. A place of education and development for children should not be corrupted by the name of men who fought on the side of slavery for the dead Confederacy. Lee is an important figure in American history, but his legacy is far from neutral.
The discussion of Confederate symbols and names cannot stop at Robert E. Lee Elementary. After Monday's decision, there are still three other AISD schools named after Confederates: John Reagan High School, Eastside Memorial at Johnston, and Sidney Lanier High School.
Richard Heyman, lecturer in the department of geography and the environment, specifically used the example of John Reagan High School to demonstrate how naming public spaces is often a "political project."
"Reagan High School opened up the same year as the Voting Rights Act. In that year, the Austin [Independent] School District chose to name a new high school after the person who, in Texas, devised the electoral system to exclude African Americans," Heyman said.
Supporters of keeping Confederate vestiges claim that such changes erase the history of the United States. These discussions have become a staple in schools across the nation, including Harvard and UT, where the student body waged a long, successful campaign to remove its Jefferson Davis statue. Despite this, numerous Confederate symbols still remain on campus.
Minkah Makalani, assistant professor of African and African diaspora studies, said we need to understand history as something more than just a "timeline of events" — it is a living lesson that still has the capacity to marginalize.
"If someone said Confederate symbols are merely historical artifacts that should not offend the descendants of slaves, I would say that they refuse to recognize what the Civil War was actually about and the moral choices that people made at that moment in time," Makalani said.
Our dark history is an unchangeable aspect of our past. While this darkness requires recognition, recognition does not equate admiration. For this reason, Confederate war generals should not be namesakes for public spaces. Given history's vast expanse of time, we can find better historic figures to represent educational institutions.
Vernon is a PACE freshman from Houston. Follow Vernon on Twitter @_emilyvernon_.


text:
Dynamic and Efficient Network Security Policy Management
In this paper, we dig into the domain of container networks, doing a detailed security analysis to highlight important vulnerabilities arising from the exposure of needless network activities by containerized apps. This paper covers the major ramifications of such difficulties and presents a novel solution: BASTION is a high-performance security enforcement network stack developed to improve the security of container networks.
What is Included In This Technical Paper:
- Challenges faced by container networks when relying on the host OS network stack and virtual networking features for security policies
- Highlights of five limitations in managing communications in container ecosystems using the Host OS network stack
- BASTION is an innovative security enforcement network stack that extends container hosting platforms with an intelligent communication sandbox. Bastion introduces two essential services: a network visibility service and a traffic visibility service. Benefits include fine-grained network topology control, security policy specifications, traffic visibility, dynamic policy management, and performance improvement in container networks.
- Assessment of container network security challenges using BASTION prototype.
This 15-page technical paper offers an in-depth understanding of BASTION, a powerful tool for enhancing container network security and performance. Download the full paper to embark on a game-changing journey in the world of container networking.


text:
In Which Direction is My Collection? - a YouthLearn Photo Editing and Webpage Project
A collection is more than simply a set of objects; the relationships among the objects tell a story. A story about a collection could be about things in your room, people in your community, hip-hop slang or ways to give directions. Because almost anything can fit into a collection, projects focusing on collections give you the flexibility to reinforce curriculum goals ranging from vocabulary, math, and science to art and technology.
In this project, kids decide on a topic, create or assemble a collection of information or items related to that topic, and build a Web page to show off the collection.
This example incorporates digital photography and photo editing to create a collection of imaginary road signs to reinforce vocabulary building and synonyms. Don't limit yourself to our topic, however. You can do the project with text alone, replace the photography module with one on computer drawing, or create a multimedia presentation as the end product instead of a Web page.
Why collections? Because everyone collects things, especially kids. From baseball cards to stamps, dolls to books, video games to funny-looking rocks, everyone knows the feeling of accomplishment one gets from putting together a comprehensive collection and searching for new additions. One of the most popular and important sites on the Internet, Yahoo!, actually began as a collection of links to other Internet sites. (It still is, to a large degree.)
Working on a collection-based project has another advantage, as well. All collections follow some kind of model or template, even if it's just a definition of what kinds of things fit into the collection. Kids master skills and knowledge only through reinforcement and practice, but that usually becomes boring. A project on developing a collection that kids care about provides a platform that makes repetition fun.


Tagged: Professor Peter Widulski
Federal Judge Recommends Reform of Plea-Bargaining Process
Federal District Judge Jed S. Rakoff has a long-standing reputation for being an honest, open-minded, and fair jurist when presiding over criminal cases. He has continually shown the courage to address some of the most profound issues within our criminal justice system, and has always taken the "high road" in doing so. Many criminal defense practitioners have lauded Judge Rakoff's judicial wisdom as well as his "no-nonsense" attitude when dealing with prosecutors that play fast-and-loose with their ethical obligation to disclose favorable evidence.
According to Professor Peter Widulski of Pace Law School, who once served as a law clerk for Judge Rakoff:
Judge Rakoff is one of the most brilliant and respected members of the federal bench. He is a man of the highest integrity, and his dedication to the law is a model for all jurists and lawyers. This dedication is manifested not only in his work on the bench but in the extensive teaching he has done for many years at Columbia Law School.
Recently, Judge Rakoff has proposed innovative changes to help reform the plea-bargaining process. He suggested a new process whereby magistrate judges would hear evidence and issue plea bargaining recommendations pre-trial. Such proceedings would allow both the prosecution and defense an opportunity to present relevant facts, and to weigh-in on the evidence likely to be presented by the government at a trial.
Judge Rakoff explained that such a process would bring "plea bargaining from behind closed doors and relieve pressure on the defendants deciding whether to risk a longer sentence by heading to trial." He also noted that judges should become more involved in the process to protect defendants from feeling bullied into pleading guilty and help prevent overzealous prosecutors from using mandatory minimum sentences as a coercive bargaining chip.
Judge Rakoff estimates that from 1% to 8% of the prison population may be the result of false guilty pleas. He notes that the "current process is totally different from what the founding fathers had in mind." He explained that more needs to be done to protect innocent people from coerced pleas –as "even 0.5% [of false pleas] would total more than 10,000 [innocent] people" in prison.
In 2009, Judge Rakoff was also outspoken about sentencing inequities created by mandatory minimums for firearm offenses. In Unites States v. Ballard, Judge Rakoff refused to submit to the government's request to impose a Guideline range sentence on non-gun counts, and to stack consecutive mandatory sentences for each firearm conviction on the defendant's armed robbery counts. He noted that the case did not warrant the 64-year sentence advocated by the prosecution and refused to become a party to such an "unconscionable result." He found that the imposition of a one-month sentence for the non-firearm counts was proper given the two consecutive 25-year sentences required under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c).
Judge Rakoff explained that the case was illustrative of the distorting effects of mandatory minimum sentences, given that a co-defendant was given a plea bargain excluding mandatory minimums, and obtained a sentence of 168 months in prison. He observed that the extreme sentencing disparity between the co-defendants was simply a result of one exercising his constitutional right to go to trial –while the other defendant did not. He noted that
[w]hen the letter of the law so far departs from justice as to become the instrument of brutality, common sense should call a halt.
In 2006, Judge Rakoff also took a courageous stance against the disproportional sentencing recommendations that may occasionally arise in a case under the Sentencing Guidelines. In United States v. Adelson, Judge Rakoff imposed a non-guideline sentence of 42 months imprisonment to a defendant convicted of conspiracy, securities fraud, and the three of the false filing counts -although the Government argued that the Sentencing Guidelines, if properly calculated, called for a sentence of life imprisonment.
Judge Rakoff noted that what the case "exposed, more broadly, was the utter travesty of justice that sometimes results from the guidelines' fetish with abstract arithmetic, as well as the harm that guideline calculations can visit on human beings if not cabined by common sense." He concluded that "[t]his is one of those cases in which calculations under the Sentencing Guidelines lead to a result so patently unreasonable as to require the Court to place greater emphasis on other sentencing factors to derive a sentence that comports with federal law."
It is to be hoped that all members of the Bar will rally behind Judge Rakoff to help facilitate reform to correct the injustices caused by the combination of our plea-bargaining process and harsh mandatory minimum sentencing.
A true leader of his time, "Judge Rakoff enjoys well-deserved admiration for fairness, and he has the courage and insight to address important issues of law and the administration of justice, without fear or favor" said Professor Widulski.
Related Readings:


Succession and the Relationship between Vegetation and Soil in the Marl Quarries of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico
Periodo de realización: 1900/01/01 al 2019/01/01
Tipo: Artículo científico
Lugar(es) de estudio: Xul-Ha, Q.R., México
Resumen: "Open-pit mining is a common activity in the Yucatan Peninsula for the extraction of limestone. These areas are characterized by the total removal of the natural vegetation cover and soil in order to access calcareous material. The present study shows the composition and structure of the vegetation in five quarries after approximately ten years of abandonment, and the target vegetation near to the quarries in southeastern Mexico. A linear mixed model showed that P availability is one of the limiting factors for species establishment in the quarries. Using a canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), the distribution of the species was determined in relation to the edaphic variables: soil depth, the percentage of organic matter (OM), cationic exchange capacity (CEC), pH and texture. Twenty-six families, 46 genera and 50 species were recorded in the quarries, and 25 families, 45 genera and 47 species were recorded in the conserved areas. The dominant species in the quarries belong to the families Poaceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae and Anacardiaceae. The quarries with higher values of OM (2%), CEC (24 Cmol/kg), depth (11 cm) and sand percentage (31%) include the following species Lysiloma latisiliquum (L.) Benth., Metopium brownei (Jacq.) Urb. and Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg., which are common in secondary forests. Quarries with lower values of OM (0.4%), CEC (17 Cmol/kg) and depth (5.02), and with a higher percentage of silt (42%) were dominated by herbs belonging to Poaceae and by Borreria verticillate (L.) G. Mey., which are typical in disturbed areas of southeastern Mexico. In all cases, the pH was slightly alkaline due to the content of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), characteristic of the soils of the region."
Información de ECOSUR


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Is $\pi$ periodic in any base-k numeral system, where k is integer? And what is the status of this problem?
share|improve this question
Yes. For example, in base $\pi$, $\pi$ is written $10$. – Chris Eagle May 6 '12 at 11:41
No, periodic numbers are algebraic (or even rational), $\pi$ is neither. – Asaf Karagila May 6 '12 at 11:41
Evidently, it depends on what you mean by "numeral system." – Gerry Myerson May 6 '12 at 11:44
_USER_ Eagle: how do you write numbers in base $\pi$? – Joel Cohen May 6 '12 at 11:56
_USER_: The same way you do for any other base. See _URL_-integer_representation for example. – Chris Eagle May 6 '12 at 11:58
4 Answers 4
up vote 7 down vote accepted
No. In order for $\pi$ to be periodic in base $k$, it must be true that $\pi \equiv m(\pi) \pmod{k}$ for some integer $m$.
By definition of mod, this means that $m(\pi) = \pi + nk$ $\Rightarrow$ $\pi = nk/(m-1)$, which is rational. Since we know that $\pi$ is irrational, we get a contradiction.
In fact you can apply the same argument for all irrational numbers. You can conclude that any irrational number is non-periodic in $k$.
share|improve this answer
$\pi$ is irrational - that was settled hundreds of years ago. That implies that the expression of $\pi$ to any integer base $b$ will be aperiodic. If you have some other kind of numeral system in mind, please edit your question accordingly.
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According to the wikipedia article on non-integer representation in base $\pi$ the circumference of a circle of diameter $1$ is $\pi$, which is represented by $10_{\pi}$. This is the base $\pi$ representation of $\pi$.
share|improve this answer
If $\pi$ were periodic in any base, then it would be rational, and therefore periodic in every base. This does not happen.
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text:
For a control system operated by a human, human assist control to avoid accidents attracts much attention in recent years. In this paper, we propose a novel definition of a control barrier function and a human assist control law with the proposed control barrier function. This paper proves that the proposed human assist control guarantees the safety of the control system under the human operation. Moreover, the paper shows that the control is the minimum of all safe inputs and a continuous function of both state and human inputs. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by computer simulation and experiments of a four-wheeled mobile robot.
In a modern aging society, electric wheelchairs are an essential means of transportation for the elderly. However, human operation errors of the electric wheelchair cause some accidents. For a control system operated by a human, human assist control to avoid accidents attracts much attention in recent years. For this problem, Nakamura et al. have proposed a relaxed control barrier function and a human assist control law. However, considering the operability and safety, it was difficult to apply the proposed human assist control to an electric wheelchair. In this paper, we propose a novel human assist control law that can consider an assist profile function based on a relaxed CBF. We aim to design human assist control law that can be applied to electric wheelchairs. The effectiveness of the proposed control method is confirmed by simulations and actual experiments using an electric wheelchair.
Human assist control of a control system driven by a human operator attracts much attention, and we have proposed a human assist control strategy has been proposed by using a control barrier function (CBF). However, the method is valid only for time-invariant environments; we cannot apply the method to a moving obstacle avoidance problem of a vehicle. In this paper, we introduce a time-invariant graph space as a time-varying state space. Then, we propose a time-varying CBF and human assist control based on the time-varying CBF for given time-varying environments. Finally, we confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method by computer simulation.


Subdividing Land
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Reconfiguring a lot
Any changes to the boundaries of land are called "reconfiguring a lot". This generally includes:
 - subdiving a lot
 - amalgamating 2 or more lots
 - rearranging the boundaries of a lot
 - dividing land into separate parts by agreement, including a lease for a term, including renewal options, exceeding 10 years
What is subdivision
Under the Planning Act 2016, all subdivision is called "reconfiguring a lot".
Most subdivisions need planning approval from Goondiwindi Regional Council. You need to apply for approval for reconfiguring a lot to subdivide land.
Proposed subdivisions are assessed according to the relevant planning scheme to ensure that lots:
 - have an appropriate size and shape for a home or other use
 - have minimal impacts on surrounding land uses
You will need to use a land surveyor and possibly other specialists to subdivide land. If the reconfiguring a lot application is approved, you will need to have the plan of survey approved by the Council. You must then arrange for the plans to go to the Queensland Titles Office within the Department Resources to be registered. After the survey plan is registered, separate titles are then created for each lot.
There will be costs to connect any new lots to Council infrastructure such as water and sewerage. In addition to the connection costs, you may be required to pay a contribution towards other Council services such as parks and gardens.


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Generating a Story from an Issue
Follow these steps to generate a new story/backlog item from an existing issue and associate a work item.
 - Generating a story from an issue establishes a new relationship between the items.
 - You can generate multiple stories for each issue.
 1. From the main menu, choose one of the following:
 - Product > Input > Issues
 - Team > Sprint Planning > Issues
 - Team > Sprint Tracking > Issues
 2. Locate an issue, and then choose Generate Story (or Generate Backlog Item) from the Edit menu.
 3. In the Story window, make the necessary changes, and then click Save
The new story is added to the the bottom of the Backlog grid with a unique ID beginning with "S".


text: Place a sheet of paper on a flat desk. Assume that the magnetic field is coming perpendicularly out of the paper. Three particles are traveling diagonally from the left bottom edge to the right top edge. Particle 1 is deflected upwards, Particle 2's motion is not affected and Particle 3 is deflected downwards. What can you say about the charges on the particles?


text:
The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) group at the CSIR has developed a specialised numerical solver to predict the effect of the dynamic behaviour of fuel on aerospace structures. By providing a more accurate prediction of the dynamic fuel loads, the aerospace industry is can design safer and more efficient fuel systems.
Modelling of liquid-gas systems under violent loading conditions provides a cost efficient approach to analyse a wide range of operating conditions. This is achieved by means of automated pre- and post-processing. Enhancements to the in-house multiphase solver for violent sloshing include conservative, sharp interface capturing algorithms; improved pressure predictions for complex geometries as well as improved computational efficiency. The multiphase solver developed at the CSIR uses libraries from the open-source CFD toolset OpenFOAM®.
Telephone number: _PHONE_


text:
|Oracle® OLAP DML Reference
10g Release 1 (10.1)
Part Number B10339-02
REMBYTES(text-expression start [length])
The expression from which REMBYTES removes bytes. When the characters to be removed from text-expression contain embedded line breaks, these breaks are also removed. Other line breaks are preserved. Removed line breaks are not counted toward the total number of characters removed.
An integer that represents the character position at which to begin removing characters. The position of the first character in text-expression is
1. When the value of start is greater than the length of text-expression, REMBYTES simply returns text-expression.
An integer that represents the number of characters to be removed. When length is not specified, only the character at start is removed.
When you are using a single-byte character set, you can use the REMCHARS function instead of the REMBYTES function.
This function does not accept NTEXT arguments, because it is oriented toward byte-manipulation instead of character manipulation. It always returns values of type TEXT. When you must use this function on NTEXT values, use the CONVERT or TO_CHAR function to convert the NTEXT value to TEXT.
Example 20-15 Using REMBYTES to Remove a Substring
This example shows how to remove the substring
there from the text value
SHOW REMBYTES('hellotherejoe', 6, 5)
produces the following output.


in Development
How to Become a 10x Engineer
"Richard is a 10xer. I'm barely a 1xer." – Big Head, HBO's Silicon Valley
At its core, programming is about efficiency. It's about eliminating any unnecessary step to complete the desired function faster. That's why the distinction of being a "10x engineer" is held in such high esteem.
A 10x engineer is an engineer who's so talented and so precise, that they are able to be as productive as 10 engineers.
Contrary to what every engineer tells you, there are not many 10x engineers. Like the billion dollar startup, they are unicorns. In this guide, we're going to teach you how to identify a 10x engineer, and show you how you can hone your craft to join the exclusive 10x engineer club.
How to Distinguish A 10x Engineer
Identifying a 10x engineer is not easy, largely because the definition of a 10x engineer is variable depending on who you talk to. Based on our research, here's a list of common traits that were brought up repeatedly when describing a 10x engineer.
10xers are:
 - Curious and always learning.
 - Not just great engineers themselves, but they elevate the work of everyone around them.
 - Able to dive in and and learn new code bases with faster ramp up times.
 - Great at recognizing patterns and replacing procedural code with simple, beautiful methods.
 - The best at debugging code. They don't need to waste time, because they ID problems quickly and have a solution faster than your average programmer.
 - Extremely well versed in a broad range of languages, tools, and algorithms.
 - Able to quickly recommend the best technical solution based on risk vs. benefit.
 - Always coding. Not just at work, but on their own time.
 - Looking at the whole picture and can anticipate problems, and build to avoid them.
How to Become a 10x Engineer
Now that you know what distinguishes a 10x engineer from a regular Joe, how can you improve your skill set to become a 10x engineer?
 1. Expand Your Coding Knowledge
10x engineers aren't experts in just one language. They are knowledgeable in many different languages. Understanding many different programming languages is valuable because it gives you a deeper understanding of the different solutions you could use to fix a problem.
10x engineers are passionate about programming and are always experimenting outside of work. They have a genuine desire to learn new languages, even if they might not use it daily. This increased knowledge of code will help them when it comes to debugging other people's code. Instead of rewriting someone else's codebase, which many programmers would prefer to do, 10x engineers can quickly assess the problems with an unfamiliar codebase and fix them. This can't be done with limited coding knowledge.
tools accident
Know your tools.
 1. Know As Many Tools As Possible
A 10x engineer is naturally curious and always learning new bits of information. This is helpful, because it opens the mind to alternative options. Instead of being stuck in one method or technology (which is dictated by the tools you know), a 10x engineer can use their vast knowledge of tools to determine which tool will make the task much, much easier.
It's the right tools that make a 10x engineer so efficient. With the right tools, the 10x engineer can do the work of "10 engineers", because they are so much more efficient with their time and execution. While an average engineer might be fumbling their way through a process, a 10xer has already streamlined it and is two steps ahead.
 1. Improve Your Communication Skills
No one lives in a vacuum. Excellent products and great companies are not built by one person. Teams build excellent products and collectively make up great companies. In order to be a 10x engineer, you have to be able to work together with many different people. Even people that aren't as skilled as you. If you're unable to work with others, even if you're a wonderfully talented engineer, you won't get far.
Not getting along with your team doesn't just make for an unpleasant work environment, it will actually have an adverse effect on morale. If you're a "cancer to the team," you're not going to last long. Like in basketball, great players aren't just great themselves; they make everyone around them better as well.
 1. Think Big Picture
You might be tasked with working on a singular feature for a much larger product. It's easy to focus solely on your task, but a 10x engineer is going to think about the bigger picture. Expand your mind and look at the real problem you're trying to solve. It isn't about today, it's about 5 months from now.
A 10x engineer is thinking three to four steps down the road. They're determining if the current process and strategy will lead to difficult problems later. What works today with your 100 customers isn't going to work when you have 1,000,000 customers. A 10x engineer is thinking about ways to prevent a technical catastrophe in scenarios like this. You'll save time and money down the line if you're not constantly rebuilding features. The vision of the product should be taken into account from the beginning, and is exactly what a 10x engineer would do.
 1. Understand All Solutions Are Not Equal
If you want to get to Los Angeles from New York, the most efficient way to get there is a direct flight from JFK to LAX. You could also take a flight with a layover in Atlanta, Georgia. Or, if you're feeling adventurous, you could drive across the country in a car to get to Los Angeles. The point being, just because you found a solution to a problem doesn't mean it's the best solution.
A 10x engineer will figure out the "direct flight" option to each problem. Instead of writing over-complicated code, a 10xer will implement elegant solutions that will accomplish tasks in fewer steps. This goes back to thinking big picture. When you're looking at problems from a high level, and can anticipate future problems, then you're not going to hack together something that just works today. Efficiency will reign supreme.
Build and break stuff.
Build and break stuff.
 1. Build and Break Stuff
Sometimes the best way to learn is to build. 10xers are building stuff in their free time, and they love it. The extra hours working on their own projects allows them to experiment with different languages, databases, and tools. The more code they're exposed to, the quicker they're able to read and process it. It takes 10,000 hours to become an expert in anything.
Stop thinking about how to become a 10xer and just go out and build stuff! While you're at it, break it too! The fastest way to becoming a 10xer is to get your 10,000 hours of programming in. This will enable you to perfect your skills and increase your ability to consume and process technical information. No one became an expert overnight, nor between the hours of 9-5. If you really want to become a 10x engineer, you're going to have to dive in and learn.
10x engineers don't actually call themselves 10x engineers. They go out and crush it. They build great products, solve hard problems, and make everyone around them better. They're not just better, they're faster than your average engineer. You'll just know a 10xer when you see how they work.
If you dedicate yourself to writing code all the time, and improve your skills in these six areas, you are going to be one hell of an engineer. Anyone will pay top dollar to hire you. Why wouldn't they? You are a unicorn.


text:
- Flower nameAlpine Aster
- Scientific nameAster alpinus
- Aliasアスター・アルピヌス, Alipne aster, Aster Alpinus
- Place of originEurope, such as Switzerland and North Africa ~ Asia
- Place of floweringHigh mountain, Overseas, Sub-alpine, Specific area
- Flowering seasonJune, July, August
What is Alpine Aster
Alpine Aster, scientific name:Aster Alpinus, is a hardy perennials of the Aster genus, of the Asteraceae department native to Switzerland, etc. Sub-alpine and Alpine-the indigenous Alpine gravels. Crowding the spatula-shaped leaves at the base of the stem. Summer a thin stalk from the middle of the leaf, stem, purple flowers bloom flower. So severe and harsh environment of the snow the wind plant, plant height is low.
Common name: Alpine Aster, scientific name:Aster Alpinus, also known as: Aster alpinus, Habitat: Switzerland, Europe and North Africa to Asia, and environment: (sub) Alpine area, living type: perennials, height: 15-20 cm, leaf: spatula shaped, leaf color: green, leaf arrangement: roots, flowers bloom: stalk before single bloom flower, flower color: purple, white, flower diameter:3-3.5 cm, Flowering period: June-August.


Configuring UrbanCode Deploy integrations#
Use UrbanCode Deploy applications in your deployments and pipelines.
Obtain a token from your UrbanCode Deploy server. When you create the UrbanCode Deploy token, specify admin as the user.
This task requires that you are an HCL™ Accelerate administrator.
After you configure an integration, create tasks to run UrbanCode Deploy applications during your deployments. You can also add applications to your pipeline stages and run them that way.
 1. Click Settings > Integrations > Plugins.
 A list of defined integrations with current information about each integration is displayed in a table.
 2. Click Add Integration for UrbanCode Deploy.
 3. In the Add UrbanCode Deploy Integration window, enter a name for the integration, and in the UrbanCode Deploy server URL field, specify the URL.
 The format is HTTPS://hostname:port. For example, HTTPS://sampleUCD:8443.
 Note: If you are running UrbanCode Deploy locally, you can substitute _URL_:port in place of localhost. The following graphic illustrates how to use the property:
 4. In the UrbanCode Deploy access token field, paste the token from UrbanCode Deploy.
 5. Click Save.
 The initial synchronization includes four months of data. Depending on the amount of data, this process can take some time.
Synchronization occurs every fifteen minutes but you can synchronize any time by clicking actions Actions > Resync on the Integrations page. To prevent synchronization, click the Disable/Enable field on the Integrations page.
Parent topic: Managing native integrations


How to Recalibrate Android Battery and Improve Its Battery Life
recalibrate-battery-featured
Battery life is one of the most important things with any phone or tablet. If you have to reach for a charger by the time it gets to midday, it might be time to recalibrate your Android battery. It'll give you a better idea of just how much juice you have left, and it should stop you from getting caught short.
If you're not sure what to do, check our guide for everything you need to know about recalibration.
Why Should I Recalibrate My Android Battery?
First things first. What's the point of recalibration? It serves to give you an accurate reading of your remaining battery life by making sure the Android isn't giving false readings.
It will work for both phones and tablets, so don't be shy. It's beneficial if you're constantly running out of power with little to no warning or if your battery life suddenly drops repeatedly.
Recalibrating Your Battery Life without Root Access
It's quite simple to recalibrate your battery. Let's go through the steps below.
1. Let your phone battery empty completely. (Keep turning it on until it's completely drained.)
2. Plug your phone into a charger and charge it fully. Keep it switched off while charging.
3. Unplug the charger, and turn the device on.
4. Your phone probably won't be at 100 percent. Replug the charger, and wait for it to fully charge again.
5. Restart the phone to see what the charge is. You may have to repeat this process a few times to get close to 100. (So charge, unplug and restart, and check the battery reading.)
6. Now you just have to wait for the battery to drain and for your device to turn off naturally.
7. When you recharge your phone it should now give an accurate reading of your remaining battery life.
Recalibrating Your Battery Life with Root Access
Battery Calibration android root
With root access it's even easier. Before you get started, download the free Battery Calibration app from the Play Store.
The app will give you a more accurate reading of your overall battery power as well as information about the voltage. It also has an alarm that will beep when the 100 percent charge is complete so you won't have to keep a close eye on your device while it's powering up. It just makes things a little easier for the user.
1. Let your phone battery empty completely. (Keep turning it on until it's completely drained.)
2. Plug your phone into a charger, and charge it fully. Keep it switched off while charging.
3. Unplug the charger, and turn the device on.
4. Your phone probably won't be at 100 percent. Replug the charger, and wait for it to fully charge again.
5. Restart the phone to see what the charge is. You may have to repeat this process a few times to get close to 100. (So charge, unplug and restart, and check the battery reading.)
6. Once you have it as high as it can go, launch the app and calibrate your battery.
7. Now you just have to wait for the battery to drain and for your device to turn off naturally.
8. Once your battery is fully charged once more, it should be accurately calibrated to give you the correct reading.
Conclusion
Recalibrating your Android battery is definitely worth your time. It's true that it won't make your battery last longer, but at least you won't see phantom drops for no reason.
If there's a problem with the battery itself, a replacement is usually the best option in the long run. Even so, it's better to be aware of just how much power you do have left.
Image credit: Assaultn' Battery
James Milin-Ashmore James Milin-Ashmore
James Milin-Ashmore is a freelance sports/technology writer from London.


text:
A plug valve is a quarter-turn manual valve that uses a cylindrical or tapered plug to permit or prevent straight through flow through the body. The p
Plug valves are valves with cylindrical or conically tapered "plugs" which can be rotated inside the valve body to control flow through the valve. The plugs in plug valves have one or more hollow passageways going sideways through the plug, so that fluid can flow through the plug when the valve is open. Plug valves are simple and often economical.