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|Veterinary Students get a Rare Chance to Study Green Iguanas|
STILLWATER, Okla.—Thanks to a Florida zoo, veterinary students at Oklahoma State University's Center for Veterinary Health Sciences were able to see a special dissection of the Green Iguana recently. Drs. Jim Lish and Lara Maxwell presented the class for 15 veterinary students interested in zoo and exotic medicine.
The animals were supplied by a veterinarian at the Metrozoo in Miami, Florida. The zoo was becoming overpopulated with Green Iguanas and had to thin the population. A notice was sent to veterinary schools across the country that the animals would be available for dissection.
Dr. Maxwell is an expert on Green Iguana medicine and has co-authored a book on the subject. She discussed gross anatomy of the Green Iguana, surgical approaches, common clinical procedures, neutering and many more important topics. The largest specimen was 5.5 feet in length.
"Green Iguanas are a common exotic pet sold in many pet shops nationwide," explains Dr. Lish. "This was a rare opportunity for our veterinary students to learn about these animals."
Both Drs. Lish and Maxwell are assistant professors in the Department of Physiological Sciences at the OSU Center for Veterinary Health Sciences.


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SPECIM's high-end MWIR spectral camera consists of high-speed or high-resolution cooled InSb sensor and Specim M-series imaging spectrograph optimized for this wavelength range. The system is optimal for high-speed industrial or high-resolution research applications. The main applications for MWIR range spectral imaging are sorting of black polymers and detection of minerals in geology that cannot be seen in the SWIR.
SPECIM's Spectral Camera is an integrated combination of an ImSpector imaging spectrograph and an area monochrome camera. It works as a push-broom type line scan camera providing full, contiguous spectral information for each pixel in the line. Specim is offering a new Spectral Camera model for the 3 – 5 µm Thermal range to enable new hyperspectral imaging applications.
The camera utilizing ImSpector M50M imaging spectrograph is available with two InSb sensors; 320 x 256 pixels version, providing the extremely high framerate required in the industrial process control applications and 640 x 512 pixels version, providing higher resolution for research applications. The combination is usable in the laboratory and industrial conditions. The lifetime of the used sensors cooling is approximately 10 000 h.
Target applications include:
- Black polymer sorting
- Environmental research
- Gas detection

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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plant quick find clear
Looking like a tiny daisy, in England this plant is known as lawn daisy because it grows so short and so dense that it's a weed in lawns, albeit a beautiful weed.
Technically a perennial, English daisy is usually best treated as a biennial (it takes two years to bloom and then dies in the fall) in the South and an annual in the North. Plants survive down to about 10 degrees F so they can be planted in the fall in the South for early-spring bloom. In cool climates, such as England and the Pacific Northwest, they'll bloom from spring planting until summer heat arrives.
Upload your photo here.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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If you are looking for the perfect plant for your tropical-themed garden, consider the torch ginger. Named for its blooms that bear an uncanny resemblance to a flaming torch, these plants are native to Indonesia and thrive in USDA Hardiness Zones 10b and 11. They make a stunning statement in the tropical garden and are prized by florists as cut flowers. Although this plant is generally propagated by rhizome division, it can be grown from seed.
Soak the torch ginger seed in water for at least eight hours.
Pour the potting mix into the planter and soak with water. Allow to drain for 10 minutes.
Plant the seed 3/4 of an inch deep in the potting soil.
Cover the pot with cling film and place it in a sunny location where the temperature remains 23.9 degrees C or warmer.
Check the pot frequently to make sure the soil isn't drying out. Also check for mould. If a white powdery substance appears on the soil, poke small holes in the plastic to improve air circulation around the soil.
Germination should occur in 30 days. Once it does, remove the cling film and keep the seedling in a bright, warm area of the home. Mist daily to improve humidity around the plant, or place the pot in a pebble-filled tray, filled halfway with water.
Once the torch ginger plant is established, do not let the soil dry out.
Tips and warnings
- Once the torch ginger plant is established, do not let the soil dry out.
Things you need
- 4" planting pot with holes in the bottom for drainage
- Rich potting soil, such as SuperSoil
- Torch ginger seed
- Cling film or bag


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The Desire for Meaning in Phenomena
Looking at insect societies and natural designs as an object lesson, this work investigates natural patterns as remnants or documents of relationships. Beginning with an individual within a larger context, the work builds connections that speak to individual agency and interdependence. Watching insects swarming or birds circling in the sky, their movements seeming to communicate a complicated choreography that is difficult to follow but punctuated with highly organized moments. Like starling murmurations, those moments seem to indicate a natural way of organizing that is mysterious, fluid and chaotic. By collecting, arranging and rearranging images and information inspired by these creatures, I consider how the individual relates to the group and how, as human beings, we can't help but assign meaning to what we see and experience.


Developing procedures and training manuals
One of the first tasks of the senior team is to adapt, develop and translate the standard operating procedures manuals and training manuals before recruiting further staff. The standard operating procedures and training manuals need to be well understood by all the people involved in running the DSS. The training manuals especially need to be in a language understood by all the field supervisors and interviewers. Their failure to understand what is in the manuals can lead to an unsuccessful training. The training manuals and the standard operating procedures should therefore be translated to a language understood by all. This should be done well before the training to ensure that the documents are reviewed to avoid any errors.
A number of manuals are provided in this Resource Kit in Section 6: Resources and Downloads.


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Brookside House, London Road
The present Junior Section of Headington School was originally a large private house called Brookside. The following extract from Jackson's Oxford Journal of 16 October 1886 gives brief details about the origin of the building:
On the Highfield Estate, Headington-road, a new residence from designs by Messrs. Wilkinson and Moore, architects, has been erected for Mr T. Arnall. Mr Kingerlee of Oxford was the contractor.
The house was named Brookside after the Boundary Brook, which ran along the western edge of the house's grounds and marked the old county and parliamentary boundary of Oxford. The map on the left shows the house and its estate in 1898.
The brook is now diverted underground from the north of the John Radcliffe via the gardens on the west side of Valentia Road to the Churchill Hospital area. As late as the 1930s it could be seen running beside the White Horse, under the London Road, and then through the gardens of 236/238 London Road. At that time the present cycle track outside the wall of Headington Junior School was an open ditch running into the brook.
The Yorkshireman Thomas Arnall, for whom the house was built, can be found living alone in this large house at the time of the 1891 census, with a housekeeper. Aged 57, he was then a widower and described as Head Postmaster for Oxford; by the time of the 1901 census, he was retired and still living alone with the same servant. He remained in the house until 1908. It was Arnall who started to build up what eventually became the Brookside Nurseries, as this extract from Jackson's Oxford Journal of 22 December 1888 shows:
Thomas Arnall died in 1908 and was buried at Headington Cemetery on 12 May.
Mrs Edwards is listed at the house from 1908 to 1911, and Robert Kent Tucker from 1911 to 1916. The latter appears to have been Mrs Edwards's son-in-law: the 1911 census shows Robert Kent Tucker (36), a nursery seedsman and florist, living at Brookside with his wife Maria Harriet (38) and his daughters Freda Mary (8), Constance Betty (5), and Ruth (3), and his mother-in-law Maria Clarinda Edwards, a widow of 64. The family had a cook and a housemaid.
In 1916 Headington School moved from White Lodge in Old Headington to Brookside House, and it was probably at this time that the adjoining Brookside Nurseries, which occupied the whole area of the road now called Brookside, became a separate enterprise. The postcard below shows that they were run by R. Tucker & Sons, by appointment to the Prince of Wales. They evidently sent plants to gentlefolk some distance away, as it was posted on 5 August 1924 to Mrs Palin of Aylesmore Court, St Briavels, Gloucestershire, who wanted a Lathyrus rotundifolia (everlasting pea) added to her order.
In 1930, when the present main Headington School Building opened on the other side of the London Road, Brookside became the junior section of the school, as it is today. Rather confusingly, it was renamed Napier House, after the house in Pullen's Lane built by Professor Arthur Napier (now Cotuit Hall) that the school had acquired in 1917 but sold in 1930.
The land attached to the house was sold for the development of the road now called Brookside, and Brookside Nurseries moved across the London Road to the site occupied by Franklin Road from c.1950.
- Oxford Journal Illustrated, 4 July 1917, p. 9: Photograph of the Headington School Festival, showing Brookside House.


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A recent toast to James Watson highlights a tolerance for bigotry many want excised from the scientific community.
Chimpanzees may reinforce social bonds by involuntarily mimicking a fellow chimp's pupil size.
August 25, 2014|
FLICKR, WILLIAM WARBYLike humans, chimpanzees possess a capacity to unconsciously dilate their pupils to match those of a conspecific, according to research published last week (August 20) in PLOS ONE. The results suggest this involuntary action likely evolved to help humans and chimps communicate sympathy and strengthen social bonds within groups.
In face-to-face interactions, people often involuntarily imitate each other's facial expressions, eye blinks, or pupil size to convey empathy. These physical cues help communicate emotions to both individuals in the interaction, facilitating trust and cooperation within groups. But precisely when and how these signals evolved isn't clear.
So Mariska Kret of the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands and her colleagues searched for signs of pupil mimicry in chimps. Eight chimp and eighteen human participants were shown images of both human and chimp eyes with either dilated or constricted pupils. The researchers found that both humans and chimps mimicked pupil dilation more strongly in response to their own species, although the reaction was slightly stronger in humans. The effect was also the strongest in mothers.
Previous work has suggested that these eye signals between individuals evolved with the appearance of the whites of eyes, which offer more contrast and make such cues easier to spot. "Traditionally, it's been thought that the evolution of white sclera was driven by its enhanced ability to indicate gaze direction, and hence share attention," Neil Harrison of the University of Sussex in the UK told New Scientist. Harrison said the discovery of pupil mimicry in chimps is significant.
"The current findings show that pupil mimicry is not uniquely human but is possible in a species that has no clear visible eye-white and has less communicative eyes than humans," the authors wrote in their paper.


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WebMD Medical News
Brunilda Nazario, MD
Jan. 5, 2009 -- Women with bulimia nervosa may be particularly impulsive because of their brain activity patterns, a new study shows.
The study, published in January's edition of the Archives of General Psychiatry, included 20 women with bulimia and 20 women without bulimia. The women's ages and BMI were similar in both groups.
Each woman had her brain scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while she took a brain function test. In the test, arrows pointing to the left or right popped up on the right or left side of a screen, and the women had to press a button to indicate the arrow's direction.
That task is easier when the arrow's direction matches its position on the screen (such as a left-pointing arrow on the left side of the screen) than when there's a conflict (for instance, the left-pointing arrow on the right side of the screen).
In the test, the arrows come and go quickly; participants' scores are based on accuracy and speed.
The women with bulimia nervosa did worse on the test, particularly because they were more impulsive and inaccurate when the arrow's direction didn't match its screen location. And the women with the most severe bulimia symptoms had the least success on the test.
The brain scans showed that the bulimic women had less activity in brain areas involved in self-regulation.
The reasons for the different brain activity patterns aren't clear. The researchers, who included Rachel Marsh, PhD, of Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, speculate that problems with the brain chemicals serotonin and dopamine may be involved.
Because the women who took part in the study were in their mid-20s on average, it's not clear if the findings apply to younger bulimia patients or men with bulimia.
SOURCE:Marsh, R. Archives of General Psychiatry, January 2009; vol 66: pp
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We report on an optically pumped semiconductor disk laser with a wide wavelength tuning range and a high peak output power. This was achieved using a combination of efficient thermal management and a broadband gain element (GE) with carefully engineered spectral gain characteristics. For heat removal, a flip-chip bonding scheme on diamond was used. To provide high active mirror reflectance over a large wavelength region, the layered structure of the GE formed a nonresonant subcavity assisted by an antireflective structure. A peak output power of more than 7.5 W and a tuning range of 32 nm around the center wavelength of 995 nm were obtained.
- multilayer interference coatings
- semiconductor lasers
- Tunable lasers
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics


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04 September 2023, New Delhi: UPL Sustainable Agri Solutions (SAS) has introduced Fascinate Flash, a safe-to-use, sustainable, and innovative solution to redefine weed control practices in Indian tea plantations.
With its rapid action, extended residual control, and crop safety features, Fascinate Flash revolutionizes weed management, positively impacting the economic and environmental aspects of tea farming.
Fascinate Flash swiftly penetrates weed leaves, leading to rapid withering and elimination within just four hours of application. In addition to eradicating existing weeds, Fascinate Flash inhibits the germination of weed seeds, maintaining a weed-free environment, and reducing the need for frequent applications of herbicides. The decrease in herbicide usage not only lowers product and labor expenses but also amplifies the return on investment for tea estate owners. This contributes to the sustained economic advancement of the industry over the long run.
Ashish Dobhal, CEO of UPL SAS, said, "With the launch of Fascinate Flash, we are confident in delivering advanced sustainable weed management for tea plantations. This marks another stride in our commitment to empower farmers with solutions that enhance productivity, nurture sustainability, and generate exceptional returns on investment, all while maintaining the balance of our environment.″
For optimal results, it is recommended to use Fascinate Flash at the 3-4 weed leaf stage. UPL SAS is aiming to treat 20,000 acres of tea estates in India with Fascinate Flash in 2023, exemplifying our endeavour to the tea industry's growth through innovative solutions.
(For Latest Agriculture News & Updates, follow Krishak Jagat on Google News)


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Preparation of Zeolite NaA Membranes on Macroporous Alumina Supports by Secondary Growth of Gel Layers
journal contributionposted on 09.04.2014, 00:00 by Jie Ma, Jia Shao, Zhengbao Wang, Yushan Yan
Zeolite NaA membranes are synthesized on tubular α-Al2O3 supports by the secondary growth of gel layers. The gel layer is prepared by wetting–rubbing hydrogel with a composition similar to the secondary synthesis solution xNa2O:2SiO2:Al2O3:150H2O. The hydrogel's good uniformity makes it easier to gain a uniform gel layer. Zeolite NaA membranes are characterized by SEM and pervaporation separation of a 90 wt % ethanol/water mixture at 75 °C. The effects of the pretreatment time, pretreatment temperature, gel loading, and Na2O/Al2O3 ratio of the hydrogel on properties of zeolite NaA membranes are investigated. It is found that zeolite NaA membranes with high separation factors up to 10 000 can be obtained by secondary growth of gel layers. The optimal pretreatment conditions of the hydrogel are as follows: pretreatment temperature, 50 °C; pretreatment time, ≥18 h; and gel loading, 0.6–0.9 mg/cm2. The optimal composition of the hydrogel is 2.2Na2O:2SiO2:Al2O3:150H2O, which is the same as the synthesis solution. Like crystal seeds, the gel layer improves the zeolite membrane formation on the support surface, and the role of the gel layer becomes more significant with greater amounts of crystals.


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\(C^{1,\alpha }\)-regularity for surfaces with \(H\in L^p\)
Abstract
In this paper, we prove several results on the geometry of surfaces immersed in \(\mathbb {R}^3\) with small or bounded \(L^2\) norm of \(|A|\). For instance, we prove that if the \(L^2\) norm of \(|A|\) and the \(L^p\) norm of \(H\), \(p>2\), are sufficiently small, then such a surface is graphical away from its boundary. We also prove that given an embedded disk with bounded \(L^2\) norm of \(|A|\), not necessarily small, then such a disk is graphical away from its boundary, provided that the \(L^p\) norm of \(H\) is sufficiently small, \(p>2\). These results are related to previous work of Schoen–Simon (Surfaces with quasiconformal Gauss map. Princeton University Press, Princeton, vol 103, pp 127–146, 1983) and Colding–Minicozzi (Ann Math 160:69–92, 2004).
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References
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Authors and Affiliations
Authors
Corresponding author
Correspondence to Giuseppe Tinaglia.
Additional information
G. Tinaglia is partially supported by EPSRC Grant No. EP/L003163/1.
Appendix
Appendix
For the sake of completeness, in this appendix, we prove two results in differential geometry that are used throughout the paper. In Remark 5.3, we also discuss the \(C^{1,\alpha }\) regularity.
Let
$$\begin{aligned} \Omega :=\{(x_1,x_2)\in \mathbb {R}^2| a^2<x_1^2+x_2^2<b^2\} \end{aligned}$$
for certain \(b>a>0\) and let \(\mathcal A\) denote the graph above \(\Omega \) of a smooth function \(u\). That is \(u\in C^\infty (\Omega )\) and \({{\mathrm{graph}}}u=\mathcal A\).
Lemma 5.1
Assume that
$$\begin{aligned} |Du|\le r\le 1 \text { and} \int _\mathcal A|A|^2\,\mathrm{d}\mathcal {H}^2\le \varepsilon \end{aligned}$$
Then, there exists \(\rho \in (a,b)\) for which
$$\begin{aligned} \int _{u(S_\rho )}k \,\mathrm{d}s\le 2\pi \left( 1+r\sqrt{2}+ \left( \frac{2\varepsilon b}{b-a}\right) ^\frac{1}{2}\right) , \end{aligned}$$
where \(k\) is the curvature of the curve \({{\mathrm{graph}}}u|_{S_\rho }\) and \(S_\rho =\{(x_1, x_2): x_1^2+x_2^2=\rho ^2\}\).
Proof
Recall that in graphical coordinates
$$\begin{aligned} A_{ij}(x, u(x))=\left( \frac{\partial ^2}{\partial x_i \partial x_j}\left( x_1, x_2, u(x_1, x_2)\right) \right) ^\bot =\left( 0,0, D_{ij} u\right) \cdot \nu = \frac{D_{ij} u}{\sqrt{1+|Du|^2}}, \end{aligned}$$
where \(A_{ij}\), \(i=1,2\), are the coefficients of the second fundamental form, and also that
$$\begin{aligned} |A|^2=A_{ij}A_{kl}g^{ik}g^{il}, \end{aligned}$$
where \(g\) is the induced metric. We have


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Jan. 26, 2010 Replacing confusing language and icons on standard warnings labels for prescription medicine and listing only the most important warnings could make a big difference in how well patients understand the instructions that are critical to their health, according to a new study from Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.
Simple, concise language on warning labels of prescription medicine bottles is easier for patients to understand than the standard wording commonly used, according to the study. And the fewer warnings on a label, the more likely a patient will actually pay attention to them.
For the study, Northwestern researchers and colleagues worked with patients and nationally renowned graphic designers to simplify and redesign the confusing language and icons of standard warning labels. Many of them have been used for decades without any evidence to show patients comprehend them, or even if they are true.
"The study shows the value of a clear message," said Michael Wolf, associate professor of medicine and of learning sciences at Feinberg and lead author of the study. "A lot of the current warnings were phrased very abstractly and were confusing. For example, we changed 'For external use only' to 'Use only on your skin.' We moved from the intangible to the concise."
Many of these label warnings are critical for patients to take their medications safely. But previous research by Wolf and colleagues found more than half of adults misunderstand common standard drug warnings, putting them at risk for using the medicine incorrectly or even having a life-threatening event.
As a result of the new findings, Wolf and colleagues from Emory, Harvard and Louisiana State universities are working with the U.S. Pharmacopeia on a drug labeling task force to help overhaul the content and use of these labels.
The study also found that newly designed icons improved understanding for patients with low health literacy, a group at greatest risk for misinterpreting instructions and misusing medications. The paper was published in a recent issue of Archives of Internal Medicine.
The graphic designers worked with the researchers and patients to capture their mental images of what each message means. "A current and widely used icon of a pregnant woman resembles an olive," Wolf said. "For most people that probably doesn't convey pregnancy. The new design of a silhouette of a pregnant woman with a bump on her stomach was more easily recognizable to patients."
The design team included Deborah Adler, the co-creator of Target Corp.'s highly innovative and successful prescription bottle and labeling system called the ClearRx system, and Milton Glaser, a co-founder of New York Magazine who is known for creating the "I love NY" logo and a concert poster for Bob Dylan.
Because the study found that patients ignore too many warnings on the bottle, Wolf recommends a limit of two. Those should include the most important few, and these should have evidence confirming their necessity.
Several warning labels found on pill bottles today were created years ago without a scientific base, Wolf said. "There may not be a reason to use many of these," he noted. "And with such limited real estate on a pill bottle, the fewer the better. Our study supports that."
"We need to out which are the most important warnings and only put those on the label. Otherwise you risk the message never reaching the patient," Wolf said. "The more warnings you put on a label, the more you distract them from essential instructions and precautions that ensure they safely use the medicine."
The study included 500 adult patients from two academic and two community health clinics in Chicago and Shreveport, La. The patients were tested on their interpretation of nine drug warning labels that were 1) current standard drug warning labels on prescription containers; 2) drug warnings with text rewritten in simplified language or 3) labels with simplified language and icons developed with patient feedback. The patients reading standard labels had an 80 percent rate of correct interpretations, simplified text was 91 percent and simplified text with new icons was 92 percent.
"Our findings underscore the importance of including patients in the process and using meaningful, plain language to support their understanding and proper use of their medicine," Wolf said.
The study was funded by Target Corp. and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
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Jammu Holiday Weather Overview
Jammu, the northernmost part of India, experiences a subtropical climate that features two major seasons, a very hot summer and a chilly winter. During the summer months, temperature in Jammu climbs to high thirties as June the hottest month of the year experiences around 45°C of average high. Although the season gets a great level of rainfall, it hardly helps reduce the heat. On the other hand, winter remains chilly for the visitors. Temperature often drops to 4°C while the high may fluctuates between 14-18°C. Snowfall is very much common during the winter months.
Jammu, the northernmost part of India, enjoys a subtropical climate with two major seasons, a mild hot summer and a very cold winter.
During the summer months, from May till September, the average high temperature in Jammu climbs to high twenties while the low temperature fluctuates between 15°C and 20°C. June is considered as the hottest month of the year when Jammu experiences more than 34°C of average high. Moreover, the season gets abundant of rainfall that often helps reduce the heat. However, as the season progresses towards the next season temperature in Jammu drops gradually.
Winter, on the other hand, remains chilly for the people with the average low of 7°C. During this period, September till March, the average high temperature fluctuates between14°C and18°C. January, the coldest month of the year, gets not more than 4°C of average low while the high stands at 10°C to 8°C. Snowfall is a common feature of the winter months. People from all over the world prefer the season to visit this stunning region of India to the summer months.


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with a different pseudorandom number value. Decoding the message requires knowing the sequence of numbers that were used to encode the message which is very difficult for sophisticated pseudorandom number generators.
|Value plus number (Mod 26)||20||24||15||23||3||11|
Note: The information entered above is used exclusively for the calculations and it is not saved in any form.
The word qabalah is often spelled as kabbalah, kabbala, kabala, cabbalah, cabbala or cabala.
The Life Path information is derived from Michael McClain, Astrology-Numerology.com. Used with permission.


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A new study in the British Medical Journal suggests that breast feeding does not have an effect on children's intelligence once you account for mother's IQ.
BMJ, doi:10.1136/bmj.38978.699583.55 (published 4 October 2006)
Effect of breast feeding on intelligence in children: prospective study, sibling pairs analysis, and meta-analysis
Geoff Der et al.
Objective To assess the importance of maternal intelligence, and the effect of controlling for it and other important confounders, in the link between breast feeding and children's intelligence.
Design Examination of the effect of breast feeding on cognitive ability and the impact of a range of potential confounders, in particular maternal IQ, within a national database. Additional analyses compared pairs of siblings from the sample who were and were not breast fed. The results are considered in the context of other studies that have also controlled for parental intelligence via meta-analysis.
Setting 1979 US national longitudinal survey of youth.
Subjects Data on 5475 children, the offspring of 3161 mothers in the longitudinal survey.
Main outcome measure IQ in children measured by Peabody individual achievement test.
Results The mother's IQ was more highly predictive of breastfeeding status than were her race, education, age, poverty status, smoking, the home environment, or the child's birth weight or birth order. One standard deviation advantage in maternal IQ more than doubled the odds of breast feeding. Before adjustment, breast feeding was associated with an increase of around 4 points in mental ability. Adjustment for maternal intelligence accounted for most of this effect. When fully adjusted for a range of relevant confounders, the effect was small (0.52) and non-significant (95% confidence interval -0.19 to 1.23). The results of the sibling comparisons and meta-analysis corroborated these findings.
Conclusions Breast feeding has little or no effect on intelligence in children. While breast feeding has many advantages for the child and mother, enhancement of the child's intelligence is unlikely to be among them.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
$text_to_search = "example text with [foo] and more";
$search_string = "[foo]";
if($text_to_search =~ m/$search_string/) print "wee";
Please observe above code. For some reason I would like to find the text "[foo]" in the $text_to_search variable and print "wee" if I find it. To do this I would have to ensure that the [ and ] is substitued with [ and ] to make perl treat it as characters instead of operators.
Question: How can I do this without having to first replace [ and ] with \[ and \] using a s/// expression?
share|improve this question
I would say get into the habit of using the qr// construct for regular expressions and escaping special regex chars if literal is needed. Quotemeta will quote ALL special regex chars. If you just want to find a literal string in another, use index() instead. – sln Jan 6 '11 at 17:01
3 Answers 3
Use the quotemeta function:
$search_string = quotemeta "[foo]";
print "wee" if ($text_to_search =~ /$search_string/);
share|improve this answer
Use \Q to autoescape any potentially problematic characters in your variable.
if($text_to_search =~ m/\Q$search_string/) print "wee";
share|improve this answer
++. Merely for completeness: You could use the quotemeta function for a similar outcome: $text_to_search = quotemeta "example text with [foo] and more"; /$search_string/ But this will change $text_to_search, rather than quotemeta'ing only inside the regex. – Hugmeir Jan 6 '11 at 15:20
_USER_: That's why you want to quotemeta the substring to search for instead. See my answer. – Platinum Azure Jan 6 '11 at 15:28
Whoops, yeah, my bad. – Hugmeir Jan 6 '11 at 15:31
As guys already written you can use quotemeta (\Q \E) if you Perl is 5.16+ but if below you can simply avoid using regexp at all.
for example by using index command
if (index($text_to_search, $search_string) > -1){
 print "wee";
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
Vehicle Design Evaluation Using The Digital Proving Ground 2000-01-0126
Recent advancements in three-dimensional digital terrain mapping and vehicle simulation technology present an opportunity to introduce "real-world feedback" early in the design process. Designers of suspension, braking, steering and safety systems can evaluate and optimize designs using computer simulation of a vehicle on the digital proving ground (DPG). A range of possible design behaviors can be identified and analyzed prior to expensive prototyping and testing. Even a series of specific test maneuvers may be evaluated prior to actual testing to ensure safety of the driver and prototype vehicle. As a result, the design process is more efficient and the use of the actual proving ground is more cost effective.
This paper presents an overview of the use of the digital proving ground for vehicle design evaluation. Several examples of digital proving ground tests will be discussed. Digital 3-D models of a test track facility may be available from the construction of the grounds, or they can be created with laser measurement techniques, such as LIDAR. Tire-terrain contact patch simulation techniques provide for the use of validated physics models to study 3-D vehicle behavior undergoing simulated tests for handling, ride, braking compliance or other maneuvers.
International Truck & Bus Meeting & Exposition
Electronics for Trucks and Buses 2000-SP-1568, Computer Applications for Crash, Optimization, and Simulation Research-SP-1496, SAE 2000 Transactions Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems-V109-6


text:
A basic pentatonic lyre for introducing music to a child. For use at home, in the kindergarten through musical games and storytelling, and much more. These harps are popular in Waldorf schools.
The 7-stringed lyre is tuned in a pentatonic scale which allows the fingers to move freely over the strings always producing a harmonic tune. Due to its short string length, the LBP has a unique possibility; it can be tuned extremely high. This has been successfully used to play for un-borne or prematurely born children.
This lyre can be tuned as high as g' – a'- c'' – d''- e ''- g''-a''. This high tuning corresponds better with the hearing frequencies of the very little inner ear of the fetus or prematurely born child. Music for these categories has been scientifically proven to stimulate and enliven both intellectual and emotional development later on.
It includes a tuning wrench and an instruction sheet that contains more tips and tricks regarding how to use your instrument.
The special thing about the pentatonic scale is that whatever you do with it, it will always sound good. You can let the fingers stroll up and down the strings in any combination of tones and it gives you little sweet melodies all the time. A light almost heavenly scale that allows you to create music freely without the frustrating struggle with wrong notes or inharmonious sound.
The experience of the five-tone scale is one of the foundational building blocks in all music. You can find it in new and ancient folk music, classical pieces as well as in popular music.
- Handmade in Sweden
- Material: Maple Wood
- 7 Strings d'-e"
- Includes a tuning wrench
- Size: 12"


+39 _PHONE_ _EMAIL_
Crowea, sometimes known as waxflower, is a small shrub endemic to the Australian's states of Queensland, New South Wales and Victoria. It is quite popular as a garden plant thanks to its appealing appearance. It generally grows up to one meter in height and it presents elongated dark-green leaves. Its five-petalled flowers are deep pink, they have a diameter of 4 cm and bloom from autumn throughout winter until the beginning of spring.


text:
Improving the stability of high-quality traits of berry in different environments and cultivation systems for the benefit of European farmers and consumers
The GoodBerry research project focuses on the improvement of strategically important berry fruit crops, namely strawberry, raspberry, and blackcurrant. The project is based on a multi-tiered strategy interlinking research areas from molecular studies to cultivation techniques.
GoodBerry aims at:
- identifying berry germplasm exhibiting an advantageous balance of production vs nutritional quality throughout the EU
- developing innovative production systems/ modern breeding strategies to maintain high yield in a range of European-wide environments and standardized and reliable analytical tools to evaluate berry production and fruit quality
- ensuring the uptake of the high quality production systems by EU growers to boost the competiveness of the European berry production
2nd Berry School in Bordeaux
The EU-funded research project GoodBerry aims to further improve our knowledge of the procedures that facilitate and accelerate the development of well-accepted, desirable and high-quality berry fruits – even under non-favourable growth conditions such as high temperatures. Focusing on strawberry, raspberry and black currant as model crop species, the project investigates mechanisms and new factors impacting on yield, thus allowing the design of strategies for improved adaptability of fruit production to non-optimal environmental conditions. This will help making production more controllable and more robust in the future.
The Bulgarian Presidency of the European Council is organising the 2nd FOOD 2030 High Level Event....
The second Berry School took place from 13th to 16th of March, 2018, as part of the GoodBerry...
August 12, 2018 – August 16, 2018, Istanbul, Turkey
XII International Rubus and Ribes Symposium: Innovative Rubus and Ribes Production for High Quality Berries in Changing EnvironmentsJune 25, 2019 – June 28, 2019, Zürich, Switzerland
May 03, 2020 – May 06, 2020, Rimini, Italy


Personal tools
99 questions/Solutions/57
From HaskellWiki
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(**) Binary search trees (dictionaries)
Use the predicate add/3, developed in chapter 4 of the course, to write a predicate to construct a binary search tree from a list of integer numbers.
add :: Ord a => a -> Tree a -> Tree a
add x Empty = Branch x Empty Empty
add x t@(Branch y l r) = case compare x y of
 LT -> Branch y (add x l) r
 GT -> Branch y l (add x r)
 EQ -> t
construct xs = foldl (flip add) Empty xs
Here, the definition of construct is trivial, because the pattern of accumulating from the left is captured by the standard function foldl.


text:
Written By: Daniel Cina
Cannabis has a long and storied history dating back thousands of years, and its use has transcended on a cultural level. In the rich history of cannabis usage one particular product has stood out among the rest as one of the most intriguing and potent forms of cannabis. Today we will be talking about hashish aka hash, a concentrated resinous product that has been cherished by cannabis enthusiasts for thousands of years. In this article, we'll delve into the world of hashish, exploring its origins, production methods, effects, and cultural significance.
The Eastern Origins of Hashish Cannabis
Hashish has strong roots in ancient cannabis cultivation. It can be traced back to the Neolithic period, and its consumption can be traced all the way back to the 11th century. It is also likely that hashish alongside cannabis was traded along the Silk Road as a valuable incense, reaching numerous regions such as Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, The Arabian Peninsula, and Eastern Asia. Historically it is difficult to pinpoint the exact location of hashish's origin due to its longstanding use and trade, but it is generally accepted that these regions traded and created their own variations of the product.
Some of the earliest mentions of the product can be found in Middle Eastern literature such as the 10th century Book of Poisons by Iraqi Alchemist Ibn Wahshiyya or the even more popular 11th century book known as Arabian Nights.
Hashish is also the center of historical legend surrounding one of history's most secretive and notorious religious sects, the Nizari Ismalis aka the Order of Assassins. This sect was formed in the late 11th century with their main strongholds in Persia and Syria. Furthermore the term assassin when translated to the Persian dialect of the time is believed to be Hashashin giving us a perfect example of the reach that cannabis' etymology possesses.
The legend goes that the group's founder Hassan-i Sabbah was a consumer of hashish and is said to have shared with his disciples in order to instill loyalty as well as to allegedly enhance fearlessness. This legend was also enhanced by rival sects who derogatorily spread rumors that the assassins were hashish eaters in a bid to slander the group. Like rumors in today's world, the rumors spread about the assassins weren't necessarily based in fact.
The use of hashish by the Order of Assassins is a highly debated historical topic among scholars in terms of validity, as their has been no definitive historical written record or archaeological evidence linking the two other than they both existed in the same regions during the same time-period. Despite this scholarly historical debate, the existence of the legend itself shows how deep-rooted the connection is between cannabis and human culture.
Movement of Hash into Western Culture
Much like cannabis, hashish found its way into new regions through trade, war, and interactions between different cultures. Through cultural exchange on the Arabian peninsula, hashish became highly popular in Egypt during the medieval era, and served as a staging point for the product to reach even further. It is believed that from Egypt, the product further spread to even more regions throughout the grand exchange of cultures in history.
During the Medieval period hashish found its way to one of its modern day havens. It is thought by scholars that nomadic Berber tribes who are known to have traveled all over North Africa acquired it in Egypt and brought it back to Morocco who would become a major producer in the subsequent centuries and into the modern era.
While the product most likely made its way to Europe at some point in some form earlier in time, its documented travel from Egypt can be traced to the French Occupation of the country by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1798. Interestingly enough, Napoleon attempted to prohibit hashish in the country, citing it interfered with rational thought but its popularity proved to be too great in the region for an effective prohibition. Ironically the popularity of hashish spread to Napoleon's forces in the Armée d'Orient who brought it back to France.
In 1843 a club of hash consumers was formed in Paris who were known as the Le Club des Hashischins. This club of cannabis enthusiasts met at the Hôtel Pimodan which is the modern day Hôtel de Lauzun. Members of this club featured Paris' intellectual elite including famed writers Alexandre Dumas, Victor Hugo, and Honoré de Balzac. Members of this club had high interest in the substance due to their belief that it could heighten their artistry and creativity.
The 1960's saw a surge of travelers from Western countries including the U.S.A. who went on massive road trips that started in Europe, went through Central Asia, and typically ended in India or Thailand. The common routes these travelers took would become known as the Hippie Trail. Whether these travelers were searching for thrill, spiritual enlightenment, or a good time, a major draw of the Hippie Trail was easy access to inexpensive and legal drugs including cannabis and hash. The massive influx of travelers on the Hippie Trail led to further normalization of the plant in European and American counter culture which contributed to the inception of the modern era of cannabis in Western Countries.
Hash Production Methods
Production involves the extraction of trichomes which are the crystal-like resin glands that rest on the exterior of the cannabis plant. Trichomes are the cannabinoid factory for the plant and are responsible for its psychoactive effects through its production of THCA, CBD,CBG,CBN and many other cannabinoids. Once the trichomes are collected, they are then compressed to form a bricks of hash. It is also one of the most preferred products to press to create rosin due to its high quality.
The extraction methods vary from traditional ways that have been in use for countless generations to the modern methods for products that we see today.
- Hand-Rubbed : This traditional method involves gently rubbing mature cannabis plants between the hands, collecting the trichomes and their resin on the palms and fingers. What is collected is then rolled into small balls or bricks. This labor-intensive process results in high-quality, artisanal hashish.
- Dry Sift : In this method, cannabis flowers are placed on screens or sieves, and then gently shaken. The trichomes fall through the screens and are collected as a fine powder. This powder can be further compressed to create hash.
- Bubble Hash: This form of hash is made using ice water and agitation. Cannabis trim or flowers are mixed with ice water, causing the trichomes to freeze and become brittle. The mixture is then agitated to separate the trichomes, which are collected and dried. When the finished product is compressed between two heated discs you are left with an amazing bubble hash rosin!
- Solvent-Based: Some modern methods use solvents like butane or CO2 to extract trichomes from cannabis. These methods are considered more efficient but require specialized equipment and safety precautions as most solvent based extractions require flammable materials. ***Do NOT Try This Yourself***
Effects of Hash Cannabis
Hash is one of the most potent forms of cannabis currently available today. Since it is made from trichomes, it has a very pure cannabinoid content resulting in more vivid psychoactive effects. With that being said the specific elevating effects of the product will be determined by the cannabis strain and its terpene profile.
If this product is on your mind, then not to worry! We carry multiple products at Nectar, that will leave you with a premium and potent elevation. For all you edible enthusiasts, I would recommend Good Tide who carries exceptional 100mg hash rosin gummies. For all the concentrate lovers, I would recommend a bubble hash cartridge from Happy Cabbage Farms, one of the best brands in Oregon for this product. For those who prefer good old fashioned flower, be sure to check out the numerous infused pre-rolls that we carry at your local Nectar!
Be sure to exercise caution when consuming this form of cannabis. It is highly potent, and I would recommend it for more seasoned stoners. If you are new to cannabis and want to try it out then be sure to consume in very small amounts as the chances for a green-out are much higher than other forms of cannabis. I was fortunate enough to try some premium Moroccan hash during my travels in Spain and can comfortably say it was one of the most elevating experiences I've ever had so be sure to exercise caution with this product.
Hashish History Continues
Hash has played a significant role in many different cultures throughout history. Whether it was for recreation, medicinal purposes, or religious rituals, hash's documented use across Eastern and Western cultures shows the deep-rooted connection that cannabis and its variations have been throughout 1000 years of history.
The world keeps turning and the use of this potent form of cannabis keeps turning with it. Across the globe, the popularity of this substance and the traditions behind it have only grown stronger in the modern era, thus continuing the chain of historical use that will one day also be told in the hashish's amazing story across time. So the next time you head down to your local Nectar to enjoy premium hash based products or whatever cannabis product you prefer, remember that you are engaging with history and carrying part of the amazing story that is cannabis into the future.


Title: Artificial Intimacy Virtual friends digital lovers & algorithmic matchmakers
Author: Brooks Robert
Publisher: UNSW Press NewSouth
Binding: Paperback
Edition: 2021
APN: 9781742236858 or ISBN(_PHONE_)
People have long told machines what to do by pushing buttons. Now, with advances in technology, machines are pushing our buttons.
In Artificial Intimacy, evolutionary biologist Rob Brooks takes us from the origins of human behaviour to the latest in artificially intelligent technologies, providing a fresh and original view of the very near future of human relationships.
Sex dollbots, digital lovers, virtual friends and algorithmic matchmakers help us manage our feelings in a world of cognitive overload. Apps can sense when a user is falling in love, when they are fighting, and when they are likely to break up. These machines, the artificial intimacies, already learn and exploit human social needs. They are getting better and faster at what they do.
How will humanitys future unfold when our ancient, evolved minds and old-fashioned cultures collide with twenty-first-century technology?


Nested Loops Join Algorithm Assignment Help
Nested Loops Join (R S):
 - foreach tuple r in R do
 - foreach tuple s in S do
 - if ri == sj then add r s to result
Algorithm for the nested loop join :
For each tuple in outer relation R, we scan inner relation S.
Cost performance:
 - Scan of outer + for each tuple of outer, scan of inner relation.
 - Cost = M + pR * M * N
 - Cost = 1000 + 100*1000*500 I/Os.
Tuple-oriented
 - For each tuple in outer relation R, we scan inner relation S.
 - Cost: M + pR * M * N = 1000 + 100*1000*500 I/Os.
Page-oriented:
For each page of R, get each page of S, and write out matching pairs of tuples r s where r is in R-page and S is in S-page.
Cost :
 - Scan of outer pages + for each page of outer, scan of inner relation.
 - Cost = M + M * N
 - Cost = 1000 + 1000*500 IOs.
 - smaller relation (S) is outer, cost = 500 + 500*1000 IOs.
nested loops join


QA:Testcase arm image deployment
From FedoraProject
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Associated release criterion
This test case is associated with the Fedora_21_Alpha_Release_Criteria#initialization-requirements release criterion. If you are doing release validation testing, a failure of this test case may be a breach of that release criterion. If so, please file a bug and nominate it as blocking the appropriate milestone, using the blocker bug nomination page.
This case tests whether a direct deployment of a Fedora image works on an ARM platform.
 1. Make any required changes to the test system's bootloader configuration.
How to test
 1. Download the image you wish to test. There are two variants of each image, VFAT and ext. If the platform you are testing supports ext images, use the ext image. If it does not, use the VFAT image. The ARM install instruction page lists which variant to use for which platforms.
 2. Write it to a form of media bootable on the test system following any instructions given on the appropriate instruction page (e.g. Architectures/ARM/F21/Installation for the currently-pending Fedora release). Usually, this means running a command like xzcat -v .raw.xz > /dev/. For some platforms there will be further steps, which are explained on the instruction page.
 3. Attach the written medium to the test system and boot it, ensuring the medium takes priority over other boot methods.
Expected Results
 1. The system boots to the initial-setup tool.


text:
In order to act more decisively in case of an environmental incident, a policy support team that can quickly provide advice is desirable.
Responding to environmental incidents requires quick advice that takes the various factors involved and the impact on people, animals, the environment and food safety into account as much as possible. The former Dutch Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment formed the Policy Support Team for Environmental Incidents (BOT-mi) in 2005. BOT-mi is an interdepartmental group of experts that provides advice following the occurrence of environmental incidents. The team's advice is preferably based on the integrated assessment of the opinions of various institutes that can in some situations be contradictory.
RIKILT, which is part of Wageningen UR, contributes via the group of experts to:
- the optimisation of the organisation of BOT-mi
- the provision of joint advice on the risks resulting from environmental incidents
- the provision of joint advice on possible measures
- the expansion of knowledge on specific types of incidents in order to optimise future advice
The way in which BOT-mi is organised is continually developing. An example of this is the work carried out on the optimisation of the integrated website (ICAWEB). In addition, BOT-mi takes part in exercises and gives advice when incidents occur.
In a separate project, RIKILT conducts analyses by order of the Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment (via the MOD). Depending on the type of incident, RIKILT performs a limited number of additional analyses in order to obtain more insight into the substances formed in fires and that form a potential risk to people and animals. This also involves the use of bioassays to detect any as yet unknown contaminants.
BOT-mi consists of a group of experts that can advise local government authorities following environmental incidents and fires. In order to carry out its role, the organisation must run and prepare optimally for incidents. This is accomplished through regular consultations, training courses and exercises. When incidents occur, advice regarding the situation is given in conjunction with other partners. In addition, a number of analyses can be carried out via this project to determine whether harmful substances have entered the food chain.


text:
Do you think green spaces reduce criminal activity?
For the next few months, the Yale University data mapping expert and a cross-section of groups from around the city will crunch numbers involving crime and local green spaces. The idea is to learn whether the presence of a community garden, a park or trees makes an impact on criminal activity.
Do you think green spaces reduce criminal activity? Join the conversation below!


text:
St Anselm's is the Parish School of St Vincent's Church, Dartford. The very strong parish community links are an important aspect of St Anselm's school.
Our school has a strong commitment to the faith. By placing Christ at the centre of all that we are and all that we do, our school is more than just a place where children are equipped with learning and skills for the workplace and responsible citizenship. We are a community where the spiritual, cultural and personal worlds within which our children live combine to form the roots from which grow the values, motivation, aspirations and morals that will inform choices and actions as people.
As well as having Mass in school every week, we have a school Mass once a month in the Parish Church on a Sunday. This is a celebration of the children, their work and the Catholic faith that unites parents, children, teachers and the local community through Jesus Christ.
Preparation for the Sacraments of Reconciliation and Eucharist is carried out by the Parish catechists. This is a two-year programme. The school currently supports the parish by running the Bible Club which takes place after school on Thursdays for children in Year 2. The children in Year 3 attend the Communion Club on Wednesdays after school which is run by parish catechists but supported by the school.
Staff and children also take part in other services and acts of worship at St Vincent's Church: Christmas Carol Service, Stations of the Cross and Masses on Holy Days of Obligation.
The School also actively supports the Parish Christmas Bazaar and Summer Fete and is actively engaged in fundraising initiatives for our sister parish in Arequipa, Peru.
Click on the link below to find our more about the parish and read the weekly newsletter.


text:
Ever needed to send someone a password? How about some personal details? Did you send it to them over email? We've all done it, but we should all stop doing that ASAP. Sending private information over email is like opening your window and yelling to someone across the street but expecting no one else to hear it. NoteShred provides a simple way to get the message across without the risk of someone in the middle listening in.
How Does It Work
Create a note, assign it a password and then select how and when you would like the note to shred itself. Attach a file to be encrypted if you wish. The note has a unique URL that you can send to a recipient along with a password for them to open the note. You decide when the note will destroy or "shred" itself, this can be immediately after reading or at a later date. We email you once your note is shredded or deleted so you can rest easy knowing that sensitive information is no longer just laying around in someone's inbox.
Your notes are encrypted using AES-CBC 256 encryption with a variable encryption key based
on a unique password you supply combined with random data. This means that only the people with the password can decrypt the note. We
are not able to decrypt your notes or your attachments.
Optional client side encryption allows you to additionally encrypt notes in the browser before pushing to the server for maximum security. Try it here. Once a note has been shredded, it is erased completely. This is perfect for sending sensitive information such as passwords or personal information over email or message without exposing your information in clear text or worrying if that private email has been deleted.
Want to use NoteShred on your mobile? No problem,
just open up the web site on your phone and it will scale to fit your device.


text:
589 Coleophora clypeiferella
Hofmann, 1871Wingspan c. 14mm.
Only added to the British list as recently as 1954, this species occurs on wasteland and grassy areas in the south and south-east of England.
Feeding on the seedheads of fat-hen (Chenopodium album), the larva forms a case made from fragments of seed during September and October.
The adult moths have an unusual sclerotised plate on the tip of the abdomen containing small spines, which it is believed is used to help break out of the pupal cocoon. They emerge in July and August and are attracted to light.


[[PageOutline(2-5,Contents,pullout)]] = Ticket Tree for Trac = A Trac plugin to display tickets in a tree, organized based on structured ticket titles. Often struggled with thousands of Trac tickets and missing a clear picture of where the problems are? Ticket Tree allows you to categorize your tickets based on the areas affected. Given this categorization, you can then display the tickets in a tree, getting a better picture of the areas and sub-areas with more problems. In addition to that, the tree view lets you navigate your tickets more easily. The categorization mechanism is really simple, as it's based on the ticket title. You will use the dash '-' character to define the category and sub-categories in your tickets. For example, giving the following title to a ticket: User Interface - Main menu - File menu - Unable to click on the "Open File" item will display your ticket in the tree as follows: + User Interface + Main menu + File menu Unable to click on the "Open File" item [[BR]] [[BR]] [[Image(screen2.jpg)]] [[BR]] '''The ticket tree, completely expanded''' [[BR]] [[BR]] [[Image(screen1.jpg)]] [[BR]] '''The ticket tree, partially collapsed''' [[BR]] [[BR]] == Statistics == Next to each category you will see the number of all tickets, and the detail of open and closed tickets, in that category. == Searching and Filtering == You can quickly search and filter tickets in the tree using the "Find" text box. Just start typing text in it to see your ticket tree reducing and highlighting only the tickets matching your text. You can type more than one word: only the tickets matching all of them will be displayed. Special words are "open" and "closed": they will limit the view to only open and closed tickets, respectively. [[BR]] [[BR]] [[Image(screen3.jpg)]] [[BR]] '''Searching for the "process" string in ticket titles''' [[BR]] [[BR]] == The Macro and how to use a Query == The plugin provides a macro, which lets you build custom ticket trees based on specific ticket queries. Used without any parameter, the macro will display a tree with all of the tickets. Edit your preferred wiki page and add the following snippet to use the macro without any parameter. It will display all of your tickets. {{{ [[TicketTree()]] }}} To use a query, add it in parenthesys. For example, the following query will display only tickets in the "new" status. {{{ [[TicketTree(status=new)]] }}} You can use the usual [_URL_ Trac Query syntax] for the query. == Simplified categorization == An interesting feature is the ability to open a ticket in a specific category directly from the tree. Next to each category you'll find a "open ticket" link, clicking which you will be opened the ticket creation page with the ticket's title already built with the corresponding category and sub-categories, and a place-holder for the ticket's short description to follow. [[BR]] [[BR]] [[Image(screen4.jpg)]] [[BR]] '''Opening a new ticket in a specific category using the "open ticket" link''' [[BR]] [[BR]] == Refreshing == The "Refresh" button is useful to perform the query again and update the tree. == Change History == (Refer to the tickets on trac-hacks for complete descriptions.) Release 0.9 (2011-06-01): o First release publicly available. == Bugs/Feature Requests == If you have any issues, create a [_URL_ new ticket]. Existing bugs and feature requests for TicketTreePlugin are [report:9?COMPONENT=TicketTreePlugin here]. [[TicketQuery(component=TicketTreePlugin,format=table,col=summary|status|severity|priority|milestone|type|owner|time|description)]] == Download == Project web page on!SourceForge.net: _URL_ Project web page on Pypi: _URL_ == Example == Use the provided!TicketTree macro in any of your wiki pages, or navigate to the provided "Ticket Tree" tab to see the default page, and display all of your tickets (or a custom query) in a tree form. == Recent Changes == [[ChangeLog(tickettreeplugin, 3)]] == Author/Contributors == '''Author:''' [wiki:seccanj] [[BR]] '''Maintainer:''' [wiki:seccanj] [[BR]] '''Contributors:'''


text:
Anisotropic conductive films (ACF) are a lead free, environmental friendly epoxy adhesive system used to make electric connection between flexible circuits or ICs on a multiple range of substrates. ACF is designed with insulation between adjacent circuits and strong adhesion to the substrates. As ACF method is highly productive, cost effective and is capable of fine pitch compact design as compared to the traditional interconnection solutions, its demand in the market may fuel. The conductive particles for ACF are made from RoHS compliance, an environmental friendly material, therefore, growing its customer base prominently.
Application of ACF in Glass Bonding Process
Utilisation of ACF in a chip on glass bonding process as an adhesion layer between the driver chip and the LCD panel may improve the bonding performance. The chip on glass bond process is a method of effective packaging which is capable of thin, low cost, and light display panels in Liquid crystal display (LCD) industry. In chip on glass bonding process, drivers ICs are bonded with glass substrate with high resolution, light weight, thin profile, and low power consumption. With the help of ACF curing in glass bonding process, conductive particles trapped between the mating bumps of IC and substrate provides electrical conductivity, also it protects the metallic contacts from mechanical damage providing stable adhesion. All these benefits of ACF in chip on glass bonding process may boost the sales of ACF in the sector.
Get Exclusive PDF Sample Copy Of This Report:@ _URL_
ACF Bonding Process in Laser based Bonding
New developments in laser and display technologies involve ACF bonding processes applied to much smaller area. It can even be applied to an incredible narrow frame of a display. Due to the good absorption of ACF for wavelengths (between 800 and 1000nm), it can be utilised in real world applications. ACF determines the bonding strength between TCP and indium tin oxide (ITO) playing a vital role in the bonding process. Due to the unique non heating capabilities of laser based anisotropic conductive film material, its curing process is capable of reducing the processing time of traditional contact heat press methods. Also, it is suitable for large size displays with a small bonding pitch, therefore, introducing it as an attractive solution in the market.
Requirement of ACF in Post-Infraction Myocardial Function
A research article published recently on doi.org for an experiment developed anisotropic conductivity and investigated as cardiac patches for their potential in improving the post MI myocardial function of rat models. The results demonstrated that anisotropic conductive patches exhibits the therapeutic effect in repairing the infracted myocardium compared to the non-conductive silk and isotropic conductive patches. The study shows that anisotropic conductive biomaterials can be an effective option for repair of infracted myocardium. Therefore, not much but use of ACF can happen in healthcare sector too and thus, may fuel its adoption.
Key players in the ACF sector include Hitachi Chemicals, Three Bond, 3M, Kyocer, Pixel Interconnect, PVA TePla America, DELO Adhesives, Dexerials Corporation, Btechcorp, Loctite, SunRay Scientific, Amada Miyachi America, Creative Materials Corporation, Showa Denko Materials, 3T Frontiers, Duksan Hi-Metal Co., U-PAK, H&S HighTech, Guangzhou Weicai, Shenzan Olian Automatic Equipment, etc.
3M in 2020 introduced an anisotropic conductive film adhesive 7303, an epoxy blend adhesive system filled with 43 micron silver coated glass beads. It is conductive and operates at 80 degree Celsius as its maximum operating temperature. It helps in heat cure, provides good thermal stability, and reworkable. ACF 7303 may be used to bond a flexible printed circuit to another flexible printed circuit board. The unbonded adhesive film is slightly tacky at room temperature consisting of thermosetting epoxy/acrylate adhesive matrix and randomly loaded with conductive particles.
In 2020, Dexerials have introduced anisotropic conductive films for smart cards which can be optimised for the embedding of functional modules such as dual interfaces and finger print sensors in contact/contact less smart cards. EH1038-40 performs mounting modules by adhesion and forming electrical conduction simultaneously with low heat resistance such as PVC, PC and PET-G. With the help of ACFs as module embedding materials, number of processes is reduced and production efficiency is also increased. The model has a dual face interface and finger print sensor module.
Creative Materials Corporation in March this year has introduced a series of isotropic and anisotropic B-stage electrically conductive adhesive films. These adhesives films have controlled reflow and high reliability. These products are available in sheets and as custom performs to customer specified geometries. These products offer high thermal stability and also have high temperature properties to 325 degree Celsius, excellent electrical conductivity, offer chemical resistance. Other than that, it provides minimal flow during bonding and curing and low CTE.
There may be many factors for growth of anisotropic conductive films market such as impact of growing electrical vehicles, rise in demand for 5G wireless, improvements in miniaturisation of electronic components, laser displays, utilisation in smart phones, etc.
North America is anticipated to be the highest growing market during the forecast period 2021-2031. Growing demand in health care as the need for increase in medical equipments such as display and monitoring devices where ACFs are needed may be a contributing factor towards the market growth. The region is packed with number of companies helping in research and development of new technologies. Furthermore, increasing demand and adoption of electric vehicles in the region with the encouraging government initiatives and easily accessible charging stations is likely to help the ACF as an application. In 2021, if things remain normal, American EV industry is confident to reach heights. All these factors as applications of ACF may help in growing the sales.
The sector contributing towards the growth of anisotropic conductive films in Europe is automobile sector. Multinational automobile companies like BMW, Volkswagen, Renault, etc., are heavily investing in light weight, automatic and high speed automobiles. Germany being the highest manufacturer of passenger cars accounted for almost 5 million passenger cars in 2019. As European automobile sector have suffered more severe impact in 2020, if the conditions of covid-19 crisis become normal, the region is likely to surge higher.
Asia Pacific is expected to grow anisotropic conductive films market significantly. As South Asia is focussing on growth in digitalisation, the demand for anisotropic conductive films remains certain in the region. According to Oxford Economics, vehicle production in China is expected to grow more than 10% in 2021 helping in utilisation for electronic components. Two top companies Dexerials Corporation and Denko Materials in Japan fulfils 70% of global anisotropic conductive film demand. Other well established electronic manufacturing companies is catered to ask for the requirement of anisotropic conductive films in East Asian region.
Read Complete Overview Of The Report :
Based on Adhesive Type
Based on Assembly Conditions
- Flex on glass
- Chip on flex
- Chip on glass
Based on End user Industry
- Health care
Based on Region
- North America
- Asia Pacific
- Middle East and Africa
Key Questions Answered
- Which countries are anticipated to surge the demand of anisotropic conductive films?Japan, Germany, and US.
- Who are the leading players in ACF market?Kyocer, Pixel Interconnect, PVA TePla America, DELO Adhesives, Dexerials Corporation, Btechcorp, Loctite, SunRay Scientific, Amada Miyachi America, Creative Materials Corporation, etc.
- What are the adhesive types of anisotropic conductive films?Epoxy and acrylic.
- What are the key trends driving the market growth?Driving smart phone utilisation, growing 5G technologies, electronics sector, adoption of electric vehicles, etc.
- Specify the end user applications of anisotropic conductive films?Health care, electronics, electrical sector, aerospace and automobiles.
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Can Horses Swim? Are They Good Swimmers?
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It depends. Like humans, horses can sink if they don't know how to swim. While most horses can stay afloat pretty well, this shouldn't be mistaken to mean that horses naturally are great swimmers even without prior training.
If you love horses and swimming, you may have thought of taking your horse for a swim or even for the sole purpose of fitness and rehabilitation. But this is never a good idea unless you have an experienced horse that knows how to swim.
You need to consider the fact that horses can sink. Horses also have a hard time turning in water. In fact, your horse can keep moving forward despite your best efforts to try to get your horse to move and make a turn.
This can also increase drowning risks, which will ultimately scare your horse from wanting to learn how to swim. If your horse hasn't been through a swimming or floating lesson or they are too nervous about getting inside water, it's not advisable to make them swim.
Wild horses couldn't live their entire lives in the wild without getting into the water. These types of horses naturally engage with water regularly. However, horses that aren't from the wild don't have the same instincts or capabilities when it comes to swimming.
Horses may, therefore, be among those animals that are genetically predisposed to swim. But it's not advisable to introduce swimming suddenly without unlocking your horse's genetic potential.
Your horse's first experience with water is critical, and you need to slowly introduce them to the idea of being in the water. Allow them to stand and walk around at their own pace and never ride them into deep water until your horse is fully trained and comfortable with that concept.
Do Horses Like To Swim? Are Horses Good Swimmers?
Like people, some horses seem to love swimming while others don't. Many different types of horses can become good swimmers once they become accustomed to the water.
But keep in mind, horses cannot hold their breath underwater, and you should never take your horse where there are big waves. This can be very dangerous and cause your horse a lot of unnecessary trauma.
It is also not recommended to ride your horse in the water if it is windy out. The water that gets blown in their face or causes their head to be submerged in the water can cause many issues, including water in their ears.
Horse Swimming
Teaching A Horse To Swim
If you want to get your horse into the water during the hot summer, you'll need to teach him/her how to swim better. As mentioned above, horses may be genetically predisposed to swimming; however, they need a progressive introduction.
You should start with shallow water to allow your horse to get comfortable with the idea of swimming, which can be an excellent exercise for horses.
Never guide your horse into deep water or attempt to force a swimming lesson. You can begin by visiting a shallow pond and try riding him/her in water that is at most 2 feet deep. Once he/she is used to this depth, you can venture deeper.
As you introduce your horse to deeper water, ensure there are no big stones underneath. You can do test runs on your own to make sure your horse doesn't trip on rocks.
However, before allowing your horse to venture into the deeper water, let them stand momentarily in the water until they are comfortable. You should watch out for signs of nervousness, like abrupt movements coupled with awkward stops.
When your horse is comfortable, you can venture deeper. Make sure you are in front of him/her to avoid being kicked as they may try to push forward inside the water. Also, remember to teach your horse how to turn while in water.
When your horse becomes familiar with the water around them, their natural swimming instinct will "kick in." Since they are heavy, you'll only see their head when they are swimming, similar to when larger dogs swim.
Their entire body will be submerged, and you'll only be able to see their head. If you look underneath, he/she will be busy paddling with their legs, just like how dogs swim.
In fact, horses look like they are running if you watch them swimming from underwater. But this happens over time when a horse gets comfortable in the water and learns how to swim.
Tip: It's advisable to guide your horse using a rope initially before he/she knows how to swim.
Horse Swimming Whilst Being Ridden
Is It Safe To Ride A Swimming Horse?
It can be dangerous and hard to ride a horse that is swimming. Since horses make different movements from those made when riding, your chances of slipping and falling are higher. What's more, horses tend to be more focused on swimming than the rider, which poses serious risks.
It's difficult to predict a horse's movement while they are swimming. Your horse is likely to make unexpected and/or rapid movements that pose serious risks.
There's also the risk of being kicked if you fall off your horse's back while he is swimming. While a horse kick underwater may not be as lethal as one on land, it can injure you seriously, making it impossible for you to swim.
You can also float away if you attempt to ride a swimming horse. If you don't know how to swim, don't try to ride a horse in any type of water. If your horse's head is the only part of its body above the water, your chances of drowning are higher if you don't know how to swim.
What To Do When Riding A Swimming Horse
If you must ride a swimming horse, there are some precautions you can take.
First and foremost, don't push your horse downwards into the water. Horses can't breathe underwater and will most probably get nervous making erratic movements and push you off his/her back.
Instead, you should swim as well to avoid exerting undue pressure on your horse. This is better than clamming on his/her neck and making them nervous.
You should also swim for short periods at a time. As mentioned above, horses are not meant to swim. They tend to get tired faster underwater, much more so than humans.
How Long Can Horses Swim?
To avoid tiring your horse and running the risk of allowing them to sink, don't subject your horse to swimming for more than 10 minutes at a time. It is also best to exit the water before you and your horse gets tired of swimming.
If you happen to get off your horse's back and start swimming beside them, be absolutely certain to stay away from their kicking legs. This can be extremely dangerous because a horse that kicks you underwater can be lethal.
Note: Avoid swimming around your horse because this tends to make them nervous and could cause them to make unnecessary movements that could tire them even faster.
Do Horses Enjoy Being In Water?
This is a tricky question because, just like humans, some horses might love splashing around in the water while others might be terrified of it.
You obviously can't ask your horse how they feel about being in the water, but there are sure signs that will allow you to understand how your horse is adapting to the experience.
You'll be able to see in their behavior whether they are enjoying the water or if they are hesitant to go near or in it.
When you guide your horse to water, make sure you don't immediately head for the deeper water. Your horse's head should never be submerged, and don't ever push your horse to go somewhere they don't want to go.
Give your buddy a chance to adapt by walking in shallow water and allowing them to explore the idea of being wet. This will give you a good indication as to whether or not your horse enjoys being in the water.
Unlike horses that have lived in the wild, your horse might not enjoy deep water because they are not a good swimmer.
Everybody thinks that horses can naturally swim and that you can immediately ride a horse into the ocean. However, that is just not the case, and every horse is different when it comes to whether or not they enjoy swimming.
Some horses, such as wild horses, will playfully paw at the water before rolling over in it. If your horse starts pawing at the water, you should make them stop immediately.
Riding a horse in water that begins to paw at it can be extremely dangerous for the rider. If that horse flips with you on it, you can get severely injured and even drown.
So always make sure you stop your horse from pawing at water regardless of how cute it looks!
Do Horses Need To Swim?
No. While horses need exercise, they can get all the training they need running or doing other ground exercises. However, if you want to expose your horse to various activities, swimming can be a good alternative when properly introduced.
Since horses rely heavily on their legs when swimming, this can be a great leg exercise. Swimming can also strengthen your horse's core muscles and improve his/her overall fitness.
In fact, swimming is common among horses with injuries because this type of exercise can heal serious injuries and boost muscle growth.
Like humans, horses must learn how to swim first before taking them out into deep waters for the first time. You should also ensure you know how to swim if you plan on riding him/her while they are in the water.
Keep in mind that there are many risks associated with horses and water. If your horse begins to panic, it may forget about you and head in a different direction. So always be alert!
The importance of teaching your horse how to swim can be the difference between having a happy horse who is comfortable strolling along the coast or having a companion that is terrified of water.
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The Danish brewer Carlsberg uses sensors and artificial intelligence from Microsoft to analyze the flavors and predict the taste of a beer.
The beer of tomorrow may be developed by artificial intelligence. In any case, that is the goal pursued by Carlsberg. The famous Danish brand hoppy brew has initiated a program called "The Beer Fingerprinting Project" which measure and detect flavors and aromas in beer.
The goal is to train an AI to be able to predict flavors from yeast samples and other ingredients. For this, Carlsberg has partnered with Denmark's Technical University to develop sensors , and platform cloud computing from Microsoft for data analysis by machine learning algorithms.
The Carlsberg AI already knows how to distinguish a pilsner from a lager
"We create hundreds of small microliter beers in such small volumes that we can not test them," says Jochen Förster, Carlsberg's director of yeast and fermentation. "We realized that if we had sensors that would tell us whether yeast will actually be useful later in large-scale beer production, and that could recognize chemical and aromatic compounds to predict the taste of a beer, would greatly help our research."
The Carlsberg program started just six months ago for a period of three years. But according to the company, the device is already able to distinguish different types of beer pils or lager. Currently, researchers are working to develop the software part to make it easier to use by technicians who will have to use it on a daily basis for production.
Eli Washington is still early into his career as a marketing and tech reporter but has already had his worked published in many major publications including Gizmodo and Endgadget. In regards to academics, Eli earned a degree in business from the University of Southern California. Eli follows the money and covers all aspects of search and marketing here at The Marketing Folk.


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My four-year-old daughter asked me why paper tends to fall apart when wet, and I wasn't sure. I speculated that the water lubricates the paper fibers so that they can untangle and separate more easily, but I really wasn't sure.
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2 Answers 2
up vote 13 down vote accepted
Forever_a_Newcomer is on the right lines, but it's not like water dissolving salt.
Paper is mostly made from cellulose fibres (depending on the type there may also be filers and glazes like clay). Cellulose molecules bristle with hydroxyl (OH) groups, and these form hydrogen bonds with each other. It's these hydrogen bonds that make the individual fibres stiff, and also hold the fibres together.
Water is also full of OH bonds, obviously since it's H$_2$O, and the water molecules form hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups on the cellulose, which breaks the hydrogen bonds that cellulose molecules form with each other. There are two results from this: firstly the cellulose fibes in the paper become floppy, because their internal hydrogen bonds are broken, and secondly the fibres separate from each other more easily. The combination of these two effects makes paper easier to tear apart when wet.
Most organic materials show similar behaviour. For example cotton is also easier to tear when wet (cotton is also made mostly from cellulose). Also hair becomes floppier and more easily damaged when wet, though the effect is less pronounced because hair contains fewer hydrogen bonds than cellulose fibres.
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This answer has changed my life. I now see hydrogen bonds everywhere and understand a great variety of phenomena that were mysterious to me before. For example, why does cereal get soggy after your pour the milk over it. Thanks. – MJD Dec 1 '13 at 22:23
You are close to mark, it's a kind lubrication.
Cohesive force between the cellulose fibers is of electrostatic origin. As water molecules, which are small dipoles, penetrate between the fibers they align with electric field. This effectively shields them of each other, greatly diminishing the force. Thus the easy untangling of the fibers (what we see as ripping).
It's similar to how water dissolves salt, here's an animation for your Daughter:
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Do Drywall Screws Rust?
Screws are screws right? Believe it or not there are many different types of screws that are used for certain projects or situations. This means that they are made from different materials and configured differently in order to get their specific job they are designed for done in their own special way.
In this article we will be specifically talking about the drywall screw. Just like the name gives away it is typically used to hangup sheets of dry wall to wall studs or ceiling joists.. I know, mind blowing stuff right? So one question we may ask ourselves related to drywall screw is… do drywall screws rust? Even though the black phosphate outer coating will help prevent rusting of a drywall screw, these screws will eventually rust. Since after awhile drywall screws will rust, they are typically only used for indoor projects. If used outdoors it can cause them to rust since they would be exposed to the elements.
If you want to find the best Drywall Screws, click here.
What is a Drywall Screw?
A drywall screw are the standard screw used to secure sheets of drywall. Many people will also use drywall screws for other projects because they are inexpensive and the heads on these screws are flat, meaning they will keep from sinking into the wood. This means there is less of a chance of splitting the wood. You need to be careful using a drywall screw for non drywall projects because they are very brittle and can snap easily.
What Causes Rust?
Rust is a natural process where the iron in metals comes into contact with oxygen and water. This then causes it to corrode and deteriorate. Since oxygen and iron have opposite charges they are attracted to each other. So when they combine it causes oxidation and the reaction then creates rust.
Rusting causes issues because it looks gross and makes the metals become weak by causing decaying. This causes major problems because you expect metal to be a strong and durable metal but if rust is occurring that once strong object could become weak and nimble and cause serious problems with the functionality.
What To Do If Your Screw Rusts
If you have a screw that is deeply rusted it is important to fix this asap. If left you never know when it will snap and whatever it was holding up could crash and fall. The first thing we want to do is remove the rusted nail.
Steps to remove a rusted screw:
 1. Apply a product such as WD-40 that will help dissolve the corrosion on and around the screw. Things such as hydrogen peroxide, lemon juice, or cola can also be used.
 2. Gently tap the head of the screw with a hammer. This will cause vibrations which will allow the solution to work its way through the threads of the screw.
 3. Try to unscrew to remove the screw. If it's still stuck then try again.
 4. Clean the area where the screw was.
 5. Replace with a new screw.
Always keep an eye out for rusted screws in the home. It is vital to always replace them if they are found. We do not want to wait until it is too far gone.
The Make of a Drywall Screw
Drywall screws are inexpensive and can be bought in huge tubs because for any drywall project you are going to need a plethora of screws to get the job done. So what makes a drywall screw different than other types of screws?
The drywall screw is a threaded screw from the head to the bottom. It is coated in zinc or phosphate. The phosphate coating, which gives it its black color, is what makes it more rust resistant. This doesn't mean its rust proof though and is still not recommended for using on any outdoor projects.
Sizes Drywall Screws
Drywall screws come in many different sizes. They can range from 1-8 inches long because building materials range in thickness. Materials would range from metal sheets to wood beams.
Today's typical home will consist of 1/2 inch thick drywall, but the thickness can range from home to home. It is important to know the thickness of the drywall so you can choose the right size of drywall screw to get the job done.
 - 1/4 inch drywall: Use 1 inch to 1 1/4 inch drywall screws
 - 1/2 inch drywall: Use 1 1/4 inch or 1 5/8 inch drywall screws
 - 5/8 inch drywall: Use 1 5/8 inch or 2 inch drywall screws
Thread Types: Coarse or Fine
Drywall screws can have one of two thread types. Each are used for a very specific reason and need to be considered before buying the right one. It is important to know what your studs are made of before picking the right thread type for your drywall screws.
 1. Coarse: Used for drywall and wood projects. Have wide threads in order to grip to the wood and pull the drywall against the studs as close as possible.
 2. Fine: Used for installing drywall into metal studs. These drywall screws work great with metal because they are self threading.
Now we know if your studs are made of wood, use coarse, if made of metal, lets go with the fine thread.
Drywall Screws vs. Wood Screws
Obviously the number one use for drywall screws is to be used for putting up sheets of drywall in the home. They can either be attached by screwing into wood or metal studs.
Some DIYers use drywall screws for building projects, which I would not recommend. Drywall screws are brittle and do not bend easily, which means at any moment they could snap, especially if used in hardwood. If they snap then it leaves the shaft in the wood with the head gone… pretty hard to remove a screw with no head. Drywall screws are hardened so Phillips slots wont strip out under high stress from power tools. Wood screws are thicker and made of a softer metal making them more snap resistant. Lets make sure we use wood screws over drywall screws when we are doing any wood working.
Wood and drywall screws also have different thread patterns. Wood screws are smooth right under the head and not threaded. This part ensures the top part of the screw slides in the wood makes it easier for the lower part of the screws threads to clamp on the wood.
Drywall screws are threaded all the way to the head. Which means when two pieces are attached together sometimes it could keep them apart unless the two pieces are clamped together in the beginning.
Final Thoughts
Dry wall screws are made for a very specific job. To hang up sheets of drywall. This means if used for this specific job you probably do not have to worry about them rusting. However, if you choose to use this screw for it not intended purpose or outside, it is highly likely the phosphate covering will deteriorate over time and the drywall screws will indeed rust.
Related Questions
What type of screws are rust resistant? Any stainless steel screw are the most rust resistant.
Will zinc screws rust? Zinc screws will rust. They are corrosion resistant but will rust if the coating deteriorates or exposed to a wet environment.
Can I use drywall screw outdoors? You should not use drywall screws outdoors. The elements of the outdoors will deteriorate the phosphate coating and cause the screw to rust quickly.
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The circuit diagram of potentiometer used to measure the internal resistance of a cell (E) is shown in figure. The key 'K' is kept closed so as to send constant current through potentiometer wire. When key 'K1' is kept open the null point is found to be at 120 cm on the potentiometer wire. When the key 'K1' is closed the null point is shifted at 80 cm at the potentiometer wire. The internal resistance of the given cell is _____________ $$\Omega$$.
Two resistors are connected in series across a battery as shown in figure. If a voltmeter of resistance 2000 $$\Omega$$ is used to measure the potential difference across 500 $$\Omega$$ resistor, the reading of the voltmeter will be ___________ V.
The variation of applied potential and current flowing through a given wire is shown in figure. The length of wire is 31.4 cm. The diameter of wire is measured as 2.4 cm. The resistivity of the given wire is measured as x $$\times$$ 10$$-$$3 $$\Omega$$ cm. The value of x is ____________. [Take $$\pi$$ = 3.14]
For the network shown below, the value of VB $$-$$ VA is ____________ V.