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Direct & Indirect Heating Burner Solutions from Saint-Gobain
As an important process in many production lines, industrial heating continues to challenge producers in a wide array of industries, including steel and aluminium production, ceramic manufacturing, chemical processing, and glass making. As these producers look for ways to push their industrial heating processes to higher temperatures and outputs, they are faced with new challenges related to efficiency, throughput, emissions, and maintenance which could be managed through custom built solutions such as, Ceramic Single Ended Radiant Tubes, Ceramic Recuperators, Ceramic Burner Nozzles, Ceramic Flame Tubes, and performance enhancing Ceramic Radiant Tube Inserts for industrial heating applications. Industrial heating can be broken down into two main categories: direct and indirect heating.
Direct fire, similar to what one might see with a gas stove-top or propane grill, directs the flame and combustion directly into the chamber where products are being processed. Because all of the energy is being transferred into the production chamber or furnace, direct heating processes are often seen as more efficient and capable of reaching higher temperatures. However, direct fire heating has the downside of introducing the products of combustion (CO2, H2O and potential amounts of CO, NOx, and sulfides). While some processes can tolerate these combustion products, many processes require a controlled atmosphere within the furnace and must rely on indirect heating.
Indirect heating is when heating fuel (i.e. natural gas, oil, etc.) is burned inside of a "heat exchanging element" (i.e. radiant tube, muffle, etc.), suspended within the furnace where product is being processed. The products of combustion are isolated from the atmosphere of the furnace. The energy released by this combustion must then be transferred, typically through a mixture of convection and radiation, from the heat exchanging element into the furnace chamber and product the furnace is processing. While this process decreases the overall efficiency of the process, it is necessary to control the furnaces' atmosphere to ensure product quality.
Saint-Gobain & Industrial Heating
Saint-Gobain Performance Ceramics and Refractories offers a number of innovative solutions that help in both direct and indirect heating processes. For direct heating applications, Saint-Gobain Performance Ceramics & Refractories offers recuperators and burner nozzles that can be found in the following applications:
- Metal melting, refining, and casting
For indirect heating applications, Saint-Gobain's offerings can be expanded to include radiant tubes, radiant tube inserts, flame tubes and diffusers, and exhaust-gas recirculation devices, in addition to recuperators and burner nozzles.
Some of the applications that make use of indirect heating are:
- Steel coating (i.e. galvanizing, aluminizing)
- Metal annealing and heat treatment
As an expert in the production and supply of high-quality ceramic products, Saint-Gobain can offer many benefits over competing alloy products used in the same applications, including:
- Higher application temperatures
- Better resistance to thermal wear
- Higher resistance towards chemically aggressive materials
- Lower maintenance costs
- Smaller weight and mass
And as one of the top 100 innovators worldwide with a core focus on customer centricity, we strive to deliver value through:
- Material knowledge and innovation
- Design & engineering
- 3D modeling & simulation
- Manufacturing of complex shapes and geometries
Our Products and Solutions
Saint-Gobain Performance Ceramics & Refractories's Burner Solutions focus on Innovation through Sustainability and are committed to delivering our customers and partners savings and value by:
- Increasing their processes throughput
- Reducing their energy consumption
- Lessening their environmental impact
- Extending their component lifetime and reducing maintenance costs
Ceramic Radiant Tubes
Saint-Gobain's radiant tube inserts can be easily retrofitted into existing radiant tubes to improve efficiency and bolster the amount of heat that the radiant tube is putting into the furnace chamber. By implementing these inserts, users can experience energy savings of up to 15% or throughput improvements of up to 5%. Available for simple installation in straight, U-type, W-type, and tri-type radiant tubes. Also applicable in P-type and double-P-type radiant tubes.
Saint-Gobain also possesses a heat exchanger technology, enabled by its AMASIC-3D® manufacturing platform that allows recuperators and burner systems to exceed 80% efficiencies. Known as HeatCor™, the unique twisted-channel design enables surface areas of up to 3x more than traditional recuperators that fit the same footprint.
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (NoxBuster®)
By inducing exhaust gas recirculation within the radiant tube, NOxBuster® reduces the generation of NOx emissions by up to 50%.


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A Chinese researcher said China's satellite Quantum Experiments at Space Scale (QUESS) or Micius would work at least two more years beyond its two-year working lifetime and carry out more international cooperation. Yin Juan, a member of the QUESS team who received the annual Newcomb Cleveland Prize in Washington on Thursday night, said so in an interview with Xinhua.
In the next two years, the QUESS team is expected to have the inter-continental quantum key distribution experiments with those from Italy, Russia and South Korea. "We are open to international cooperation," said Yin, a professor of the University of Science and Technology of China. A team of 34 Chinese physicists led by Pan Jianwei with the university won the annual award that honors the most impactful research paper published in the journal Science.
The paper published in the journal Science in June 2017 reported the experiment that sends entangled photon pairs through the near-vacuum of space, measuring the quantum keys at receiving stations over 1,200 km apart. Quantum key distribution, quantum entanglement distribution and quantum teleportation are three major scientific tasks done by QUESS, Yin said.
Based on the QKD technology, Chinese researchers could launch three more small-size satellites in the next three to five years to form a network that can fulfill more quantum communication tasks, a critical step to create the infrastructure of a globalized quantum internet one day, said Yin. The QUESS team won the prize delivered by the American Association for the Advancement of Science as it laid the groundwork for ultra-secure communication networks of the future.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Effect of Magnesium on the Solid-State Nucleation and Growth of Graphite During Annealing of White Iron
It is well-established that growth of spheroidal graphite occurs in several stages such as directly in the liquid, in the liquid through a solid austenite shell during the eutectic reaction, and in the solid because of decreased carbon solubility during cooling. The various mechanisms active during these stages of cast iron solidification have been the subject of much research over the recent years. To further understand graphite growth mechanisms, irons of similar composition but with three level of Mg (low—< 0.010%, medium—0.017%, and high—0.047%) were cast in copper molds to produce small disks with white microstructure. The disks were annealed at 950 °C to promote graphite growth, and then quenched in water after various holding times. The time evolution of nucleation and growth of graphite was analyzed through characterization of the microstructure by optical and scanning electron microscopy, on polished and deep-etched specimens. Unique structural features were observed in some unusual graphite aggregates, such as hemispherical graphite and hopper-like crystals. A mechanism for the growth of graphite in solid state is offered. The theory of multi-mechanism growth of graphite spheroids is confirmed.
Autores/as:
Gorka Alonso, Ramón Suárez, Rodolfo González-Martínez, Doru M. Stefanescu (The Ohio State University and The University of Alabama).
Keywords:
white iron, annealing treatment, spheroidal graphite iron, solid state, graphite growth, graphite nucleation.
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text: Pollen is significant from a human health perspective because it has been known to trigger allergic respiratory disease such as asthma and hay fever. The presence of pollen in the atmosphere has been related to meteorological parameters in past studies, but this has not been done previously in Sydney, Australia. This paper reports the results of a study on Poaceae, Plantaginaceae, Casuarinaceae, and total pollen in Sydney. Pollen concentration data for the period 19 August 1992 to 31 December 1995 was examined with meteorological data for the same period. The daily pollen concentration was compared to the meteorological data for the same day and for up to three days previously. The analysis methods were Spearman's rank correlation and multiple regression. Poaceae, Plantaginaceae, and total pollen appear to be positively correlated with temperature, dew point temperature, and wind speed, and negatively correlated with air pressure. Casuarinaceae pollen is also related to these meteorological parameters, but the sign of the correlations is the opposite. There is potential for the results of this study to be used by public health authorities in the prediction of pollen concentrations in Sydney.


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Hydrophobicity Class of Porcelain Insulators Base on Method of Contact Angle via Image Processing
We present an energetic and precise data of contact angle measurement by followed the standard IEC TS 62073-2016 and build on by bringing knowledge of an image processing to analyze that capitalizes on the transform image data of droplet water on porcelain insulator to indicate the Hydrophobicity Class and go through a variety of processes to achieving powerful and effective results. We show that various contact angle measurement problems can be treated in principle method that use an image processing approach. This method is a part of experiment for analyze data and provides a principled way to solving contact angle measurement in various settings. Moreover, the image processing applications enable to quantify and relate these properties in a mathematical function were found, that could be used in the field by the electrical companies because no human errors are detected and can add conditions to improve algorithm.
Keywords - Contact Angle Method, Image Processing, Hydrophobicity Class, Insulator


FOX OF MAGELLAN - Origins, characteristics and photos!
Magellanic fox: find out what this animal is like, its physical characteristics, character, behavior, etc. The Magellanic fox (Lycalopex culpaeus), also known as...
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The Magellanic fox (Lycalopex culpaeus), also known as the Magellanic wolf or Andean fox, is one of the largest canids that live in South America. Its population is distributed throughout the Andes, but is concentrated more in the Patagonia region, between Chile and Argentina. Want to know more about this typical Patagonian animal? So keep reading this PlanèteAnimal page to learn all about the origin, physical characteristics, behavior and reproduction of the Magellanic fox!
Origin
 - America
 - Argentina
 - Chile
Origin of the Magellanic fox
As we just mentioned in the introduction, the Magellanic fox is a species of fox native to western South America, whose population is distributed along the Andes Cordillera, the 'Equator at the southern end of Argentine and Chilean Patagonia. It is the second largest canid living in this region, just after the maned wolf.
The first individual of this species, which would later be known as the Magellanic fox, was first described in 1782. Currently, the following six subspecies of Magellanic fox are recognized:
 - Lycalopex culpaeus smithersi
 - Lycalopex culpaeus andinus
 - Lycalopex culpaeus culpaeus
 - Lycalopex culpaeus reissii
 - Lycalopex culpaeus lycoides
 - Lycalopex culpaeus magellanicus
Physical characteristics of the Magellanic fox
If we compare this fox to other foxes in Latin America, it is a relatively large fox, whose body can measure between 60 and 103 centimeters, with a tail of 30 to 53 centimeters long. The average body weight of these canines generally ranges from 5 to 9 kilos, with the males being noticeably more robust than the females. It is also important to mention that the Magellanic foxes that live on the Big Island of Tierra del Fuego shared by Argentina and Chile, are generally much larger and more muscular. These individuals can weigh up to 14 kilos, notably surpassing other subspecies in terms of size and hardiness.
Their fur is relatively long and dense, becoming particularly thick during the winter.On their body, white or yellowish tones predominate, which mix with black in the region of the back. The ears, legs and head in turn show an intense reddish color. The tail has an even thicker coat, in which we see many grayish hairs with a black spot at the base and another at the tip. However, the Lycalopex culpaeus smithersi has an entirely reddish coat, which combines some black spots with various shades of red on its body.
Finally, there are some Magellanic foxes whose fur is completely yellowish or slightly brown, without gray or black hair on the outer layer. It is speculated that this characteristic stems from a genetic mutation that would also cause the fox's tail to be thinner and its appearance to be slimmer.
Behaviour of the Magellanic fox
The Magellanic fox maintains predominantly nocturnal habits, going hunting and feeding during the cold nights of the Andean regions, mainly when living near areas inhabited by humans.However, when living in more unspoiled areas isolated from urban centers, these foxes are also active at dusk.
In general, they are solitary animals that build their shelters inside hollow trunks or in caves. In their natural habitat, they generally move within a maximum radius of 10 km2.
As far as their feeding and hunting techniques are concerned, the Magellanic fox is an opportunistic carnivore. Its main prey are small to medium-sized mammals, such as hares, rabbits and other rodents. Finally, these animals can also catch birds, reptiles, eggs and consume certain fruits and berries to supplement their diet. In addition, thanks to their privileged size, Magellanic foxes can also hunt larger animals, such as guanacos. In times of food scarcity, mainly during winter, the Magellanic fox may also feed on carrion left behind by other predators, such as cougars.
Reproduction of the Magellanic fox
During the last weeks of winter, the male Magellanic fox begins to emit its characteristic call to attract females. The breeding season usually begins in August and lasts until the end of October. Magellanic foxes are generally monogamous and loyal to their mate, with whom they will hunt and stay together for up to six months to raise and protect their young.
Like all canids, Magellanic foxes are viviparous animals, meaning that fertilization and the development of the young take place in the womb of the mother. After mating, females experience a gestation period of 55-60 days, after which they give birth to a litter of 3-8 young in the shelter they share and protect with the male.
The males are actively involved in rearing the cubs and also take care of bringing food so that the female and her babies are well nourished and safe.From the third month of their life, the little ones begin to learn hunting techniques from their parents, with whom they will live together until the age of 9 or 10 months. They usually reach sexual maturity after completing their first year of life, when they are ready to find their mate.
Conservation status of the Magellanic fox
The Magellanic fox is currently classified as a species of "least concern" according to the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Red List of Threatened Species. Although its population is still abundant (especially in the Patagonia region), it has nevertheless experienced a significant reduction in recent decades.
It is therefore possible to find different states of conservation depending on the country or region where you are. For example, in Bolivia it is considered an endangered animal, while in Argentina it is a potentially vulnerable species, and in Chile there is not enough data on its population.
Magellan foxes don't have many natural predators besides the puma, but they have been hunted intensely in their territory for more than two centuries, and their habitat has been gradually reduced due to urbanization and human economic activities. It is hoped that with the expansion of national parks in the Andean countries, their population will achieve greater stability.
Magellan Fox Pictures
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CVD. Talk to your Phygen representative about our coating removal and tool restoration services.
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What are the physical properties after recoating?
Unlike hot-processed CVD coatings, which combine with carbon molecules from the substrate to form a hard layer, FortiPhy CrN is a chemically complete coating, applied to a surface using a special high-adhesion process.
Typical CVD coatings are applied above 1800°F in order to increase diffusional activity within the substrate. During the CVD coating process, carbon atoms move to the surface and combine with the coating material to form a third compound. This can produce a hard coating, but there are drawbacks: only some of the substrate's carbon is available to migrate to the surface, and it can only travel a short distance. This means that as tools and coatings wear, the second application of a CVD coating usually lasts about 70 percent as long as the first application. A third application generally has a life of only 30 percent of the original tool. The free carbon molecules are all "used up" after that. When no more carbon can be leached to the surface, the process ceases to provide any benefits.
FortiPhy coating does not require diffusional action within the substrate to build a hard coating. Instead, the patented Phygen process, with its unprecedented level of process control, applies a chemically complete layer of nano-sized particles onto the surface. The FortiPhy coating does not require any carbon or other molecules from the substrate. This means that every re-coat of FortiPhy has the same toughness, and lasts as long, as the first. Tool life is extended, and the chemical composition of the substrate remains the same, regardless of rework.
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In aluminum die casting applications, how should coated pins be cleaned?
Do not use abrasive stones. A 4-micrometer thick coating is easily removed on polishing with abrasive stones. There is a need to use a new die cleaning practice that involves cleaning the surface of the die (coating) with a dilute sodium hydroxide solution applied with paintbrush.
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FortiPhy™ tool coating features extreme hardness and good toughness.How does FortiPhy coating affect hardness?
FortiPhy has both extreme hardness and good toughness. Also, it is less brittle than other similar coatings, due in part to its uniform, nanocrystalline structure. Other coating processes often produce very large macro particles, pores, or columnar structures within the coating. These act as stress concentrators, weakening the coating and decreasing its useful life. Phygen's patented application process produces a more uniform coating structure with virtually no defects.
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What about overall strength and toughness?
Critical load is a measure of toughness. In extreme-stress machine tools, such as roll forming, forging, and heading dies, FortiPhy extends tool life significantly by increasing the allowable critical load. Surface hardness is increased without brittleness, allowing components to withstand higher mechanical loads and longer load cycles. Because of its highly uniform structure, FortiPhy is actually more flexible (less brittle) than other coatings—-more able to "roll with the punches" without losing adhesion. Because it has more "stretch" than other coatings, it has better ability to withstand repeated impact.
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How will coatings affect friction and lubricity?
A key benefit of FortiPhy's nanocrystalline microstructure is its low coefficient of friction. FortiPhy CrN has a COF of less than 0.1 under properly lubricated conditions in an oxidizing environment. FortiPhy coating users report better release properties and fewer cosmetic rejects after coating molds used for silicone rubber, aluminum casting dies, and precision stamping dies. We also can help you with applications in which you must increase toughness while maintaining higher friction characteristics.
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How can FortiPhy improve abrasive wear resistance?
FortiPhy coatings increase surface hardness and toughness, and reduce friction. This combination, plus high hardness, makes treated surfaces extremely resistant to abrasion. FortiPhy coating reduces abrasive wear in machine tools and engineered components used in harsh environments at elevated temperatures.
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Will coatings improve corrosion resistance?
Because of its dense, non-columnar structure, FortiPhy is chemically inert and provides excellent corrosion resistance. In one extreme example, acid burn was destroying the vents in a thermoplastic injection mold after only 8 hours. After treatment with FortiPhy coating, the mold was still in "like new" condition after more than 50,000 shots.
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What is the operational temperature range?
FortiPhy CrN is chemically and thermally stable in air up to at least 1550°F (850°C). This high resistance against oxidation gives ForitPhy-coated components higher temperature resistance than uncoated or conventionally coated parts.
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Is the Phygen process environmentally safe?
Phygen's patented process begins with a substrate cleaning using an EPA- and OSHA-approved aqueous solvent bath. Parts are cleaned in an efficient closed-loop cleaning line that includes a hard-piped vapor recovery system to capture and return vapor emissions. To reduce chemical use to an absolute minimum, final substrate cleaning is performed electronically, with no emissions. Finally, the FortiPhy coating is applied electronically within a vacuum chamber, producing no toxic byproducts and releasing nothing into the atmosphere. The final product, a FortiPhy ultra-endurance coating, is inert, safe, and approved for food contact.
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Is the Phygen process for one or two parts at a time? Or can high volume production parts be batched and processed?
Large parts will usually be treated individually, but smaller, similar parts can be batch processed.
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What is the turnaround time?
Most parts are coated and returned to you within 4-6 business days of receipt. In special cases we can provide faster turnaround. Let us know your scheduling needs.
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What is the cost of FortiPhy coating?
Coating cost is a combination of many factors, including component dimensions, surface finish, material, critical surfaces to be coated, weight, heat treatment, and number of parts. Contact Phygen with your specific requirements for a timely quote. National testing labs and our many successful customers have proven that FortiPhy coatings are tougher and longer-lasting than traditional coatings. That makes FortiPhy coating an investment that can pay for itself quickly.
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Can FortiPhy be used in food processing & packaging?
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has given approval for use of FortiPhy UltraEndurance™ super hard, wear resistant coating in contact with all food types. FortiPhy coating has been added to the FDA's inventory list of effective food contact substances (FCN: 00823) for repeat-use in food processing and food packaging equipment to prevent metal-to-metal and abrasive wear to components. The coating is inert, creating a protective barrier between the working surface and food product.
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FortiPhy™ wear resistant metal surface tool coating.What is the chemical composition of FortiPhy metal surface coatings?

Finish also will affect metal surface coatings performance. A finer metal surface finish will allow a more uniform layer of coating to be applied. In general, you should specify a slightly better surface finish than usual. This will ensure maximal coating adhesion, toughness, and lubricity. An exception to this would be applications that require friction, such as thread rolling dies. In these cases, talk to a Phygen coating expert about strategies for increasing friction while improving toughness.

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Phygen Coatings, Inc.
1400 Marshall Street, NE / Minneapolis, MN 55413-1040
Toll Free _PHONE_ / Fax _PHONE_ / _EMAIL_


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The 1.15-million-square-foot facility was constructed at the historical Ford Motor Company Rouge River Industrial Complex in Dearborn, Mich. An environmentally friendly design was paramount to the project from the outset.
Ford Motor Land engaged renowned environmental architect William McDonough to serve as the consulting architect with the project architects, ARCADIS Giffels. The plan was to design a building that would allow the automobile manufacturer to produce vehicles efficiently and profitably in an environmentally friendly, modern and versatile manufacturing facility.
Resulting DesignThe resulting design not only succeeded in achieving the initial objectives, it has become a template for future Ford Manufacturing facilities. The design allowed the building to achieve LEED status through the use of structural steel, natural lighting and the green roof assembly. Structural steel contributes to the building's sustainability because it is nearly 100 percent recyclable. Steel is one material that can be recycled repeatedly without losing quality. The structure was erected using nearly 8,500 tons of structural steel.
Natural lighting was also implemented in the design to reduce large-scale energy usage. To help provide natural lighting into the interior areas a total of 36 gabled skylights were installed in the roof covering the manufacturing area.
In addition, a total of 10 monitors, each 33 feet, 4 inches by 100 feet, were installed over the employee mezzanine. These installations provided natural light into the building and reduced the need for artificial light during the daylight hours. Photo sensors were installed in the artificial lighting to brighten or darken the lights as needed. This allows for an even distribution of light throughout the facility when the sun is in the clouds. To further enhance the natural lighting, all of the exposed steel was painted a bright white to provide reflectance and to lighten the spaces.
Largest Garden RoofWhen the Ford Dearborn Truck Assembly Building opened in 2004 it had the distinction of housing the largest "garden roof assembly" in North America - perhaps the world. The 454,000-sqaure-foot (about 10 1/2 acres) living roof area was designed to control the water runoff from the roof area to the aging underground infrastructure. The actual roof construction was completed in 2002. As the roof enters its sixth year, we thought it would be a good idea to find out how the industry's most famous roof has performed to this point.
On a cold Michigan morning I sat down with Roger Gaudette of Ford Land to talk about the performance of the garden roof. Gaudette served as the liaison between McDonough, Giffels, Walbridge Aldinger (general contractors) and Ford. His involvement with the project was from inception of the project in the late 1990s through 2006, when he was reassigned within Ford Land.
"The roof has performed extremely well," Gaudette said as a fresh blanket of snow covered the grounds of Ford Land's offices in Dearborn, Mich., which are in the shadows of Ford World Headquarters and the Rouge Plant. "I do not believe there have been any issues with the roof except for some shrinking or pulling in of the garden area from the L-shaped metal that held it in place."
This issue did not affect the membrane and was filled in with sedum matching the original construction. There have not been any reported leaks to the roof.
Roof ConstructionThe construction of the roof was complete by applying a conventional roof system over the structural metal deck, Gaudette said. "This gives us the opportunity to add garden components to the other areas in the future," he commented.
The roof construction consisted of a modified bitumen roof membrane set over rigid insulation. The SBS Modified Membrane consisted of a base ply and cap sheet set in hot asphalt. Isocyanurate insulation was fastened through the galvanized metal deck and cover board insulation was set in hot asphalt over the isocyanurate layer.
The garden roof assembly consisted of protection board; a thin, four-layer growth media/drainage mat system, and a low-maintenance perennial ground cover called sedum were placed over the membrane.
Gaudette traveled with members of the design team to Germany prior to the roof design to inspect garden roofs completed using Xero Flor, an international firm specializing in green-roof and other related systems that were used on this project.
The primary intent of the living roof application was to filter the storm water and minimize the storm water runoff from reaching the underground infrastructure. Storm water becomes saturated and is retained within the system. The total building size is 1.15 million square feet and the capacity of the runoff would exceed the capabilities of the complex's aging (early 1900s) sewer system. The cost of a new sewer system would have been expensive and could have jeopardized the entire project.
Water Runoff RatesFord has conducted testing on the completed roof system to decipher water runoff rates, Gaudette stated. "What we tried to do once we got the roof on and established was to test water runoff rates during different storms," he said.
Ford hired Giffels to test water runoff by setting up a matrix and monitoring each rainfall.
"The matrix was set up with heavy rains - long duration, heavy rains - short duration all the way through light rains - short durations," Gaudette said. "They analyzed the water runoff composition to determine the extent of sedum loss and they looked at different areas of the building for the water storm run off plan."
Preliminary testing indicates that the system has achieved its objectives despite a thin (average 2 inches) sedum layer application.
Landscaping a Living RoofWH Cannon a local landscape company that Ford has hired for this building has completed maintenance of the living roof. Gaudette indicated that the landscaping company has annual responsibility "of checking the viability of the system, determining if fertilization is required, applying it and working with the water irrigation."
Gaudette stated that watering has been limited to the dry season of the year, which is usually in July and August.
Application of the living roof has stimulated the habitation of the wildlife on the site. Gaudette said he was surprised by the amount of habitat on the roof. "From my perspective, one of the surprises has been the amount of wild life," he said.
Gaudette noted the abundance of nestling killdeers, Canadian geese nests, insects, bee's and dragonflies that are living on the roof.
"From a habitat perspective, it has done very well," he said.
Challenges and ComplexitiesA project of this magnitude was not without challenges and complexities. The physical size of the project and rigid schedule demands made the project challenging. Integrating environmental design into a blue-collar construction community was also complex. Gaudette noted that one of the major challenges of the project was getting approvals from the city of Dearborn.
"The challenge became bringing them up to speed with what we were trying to do." Gaudette said. "This construction was new to the municipality and they were trying to interrupt codes."
"They (the city of Dearborn) were interested in determining what does it mean when you put a green roof on a building and they were concerned about fire codes what does it mean from a fire protection standpoint," Gaudette said, indicating that "getting everybody on the same page - including internal Ford employees - and convincing them that this something that is viable and a good thing to do was a challenge."
Gaudette credited the team approach as the reason for the success of this project. "We had a goal that we were going to incorporate and we were not going to let anything get in our way of achieving these goals," he said.
Overall from a design and application perspective Gaudette feels that Ford reached its goals on this project.
"I think we first looked at the roof and we knew that energy savings itself was not going to be the driving factor," Gaudette said. "I think it was everything together. The longevity of the roof combined with the environmental aspects and some energy savings were the three key items that pushed us to do this."
In ConclusionSince the completion of the Dearborn Truck Assembly Building, Ford has applied living roofs on two facilities; one in California and another at their World Headquarters in Dearborn.
Gaudette said he is optimistic about the further application of living roofs at Ford facilities.
"I think we hoped that this would be one of a number of roofs that we would start and I think we are looking to see how this will perform and what the affect on the actual membrane is before we continue down the road with anything of this magnitude," he said. "We will look at facilities as we build and expand and look at all environmental aspects, which will include green roofs as part of the agenda to achieve LEED certification."


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Problem solving skills.
Theoretical understanding of physical problems.
Enhanced general knowledge of physics.
Capacity to find and use bibliographical references.
- Understanding of the physical processes governing the evolution of planets, stars and galaxies.
- Capacity to understand the foundations of the cosmological model and the observational data which lend support to it.
- Acquisition of the necessary bases to analyze critically new developments in astrophysics and cosmology.
Competence in oral and written communication;
Competence in information management;
Competence to solve problems;
Competence in critical thinking;
Competence to communicate with people who are not experts in the field;
Competence in independent learning;
Adaptability to new situations;
Competence to apply in practice the theoretical knowledge.
1- Astrophysical tools: celestial mechanics; the continuous spectrum of light; special relativity; interaction of light with matter; measuring distances in the universe.
2- The nature of stars: properties of stars; stellar structure, formation and evolution; the sun; the death of stars; variable stars and exploding stars; compact stars and black holes.
3- The solar system: physical processes; terrestrial and giant planets; the formation of the solar system.
4-Galaxies and the universe: the Milky Way; interstellar medium; structure of the galaxies; classification and properties of galaxies; galactic evolution; large scale structure of the universe; active galaxies and quasars.
5- Cosmology: cosmological models; determination of the cosmological parameters.
6- The young universe: cosmological expansion; primordial nucleosynthesis; inflationary theories.
Mathematical Analysis I, General Physics I and II, Foundations of Modern Physics
Generic skills to reach
. Competence in information management; . Competence in autonomous learning; . Adaptability to new situations; . Competence in applying theoretical knowledge in practice; . Competence in oral and written communication; . Competence to solve problems; . Critical thinking; . Competence to communicate with people who are not experts in the field; (by decreasing order of importance)


TEST 3: Verifying The MAP Signal With A Multimeter
How To Test A P1128 Diagnostic Trouble Code (Honda 2.2L, 2.3L)
With this last MAP sensor test, we're gonna' either completely eliminate the MAP sensor as bad or be able to say that it has failed.
As stated at the beginning of the article, the MAP sensor creates a varying voltage signal depending on the amount of vacuum it senses.
When the MAP sensor fails... it will no longer create a varying voltage. In other words: no matter what the amount of vacuum applied to it, its output voltage will stay fixed at one single voltage value.
So, to find out if the MAP sensor is stuck, we're gonna' manually apply vacuum to it ourselves with a vacuum pump (or the good ole' lungs) and with a multimeter... verify it's voltage output.
Again, this MAP sensor bench test, we're about to perform, will let us know beyond a shadow of a doubt if the MAP sensor is bad or not.
This is what you'll need to do:
 1. 1
 Remove the MAP sensor from the top of the intake manifold.
 Reconnect the MAP sensor to its electrical connector, if you had to unplug it to remove it, since this test requires that the MAP sensor stay connected to its 3-wire electrical connector.
 2. 2
 Connect your multimeter's red test lead to the wire that connects pin number 3 of the MAP sensor.
 You'll need to back-probe the MAP sensor connector or use a wire piercing probe to connect your multimeter to this circuit (to see what a wire piercing probe looks like, click here: Wire Piercing Probe).
 3. 3
 Ground the black multimeter test lead.
 I suggest grounding the black multimeter test lead directly on the battery negative terminal.
 4. 4
 Turn the key on (but don't start the engine) and take a look at what voltage your multimeter is registering.
 It should register around 2.9 volts (± 1 V). If your multimeter is registering something different at this point... don't panic because right now you're just setting up the test.
 5. 4
 Attach a vacuum pump to the MAP sensor's vacuum inlet port using the appropriate size vacuum hose.
 If you don't have a vacuum pump... you can use the 'good ole' lungs' and provide the necessary with your mouth.
 6. 5
 The voltage, your multimeter is registering, should decrease as you apply vacuum with your vacuum pump (or with your mouth).
 7. 6
 The MAP sensor's voltage, as registered on your multimeter, should increase back to the original voltage value you saw in step 4 as you release the vacuum you applied with the vacuum pump (or your mouth).
NOTE: Applying vacuum, via the vacuum pump or your mouth, should make the MAP signal voltage get smaller on your multimeter. Releasing vacuum should make the MAP signal voltage get bigger (back to the original voltage you saw at the beginning of this test).
Let's take a look at what your test results mean:
CASE 1: The MAP sensor's voltage decreased and increased as you applied and released vacuum: This confirms that the MAP sensor is good and operating normally.
This test result completely eliminates the MAP sensor on your Honda as bad. If you're still having the MAP sensor trouble code come back, take a look at: MAP Sensor Is Good But Code Doesn't Go Away!.
CASE 2: The MAP sensor's voltage DID NOT decrease or increase as you applied and released vacuum: This confirms that the MAP sensor is bad and needs to be replaced.
If you need to buy the MAP sensor and would like to save some bucks, take a look at the section: Where To Buy The MAP Sensor.
MAP Sensor Is Good But Code Doesn't Go Away!
There's a good chance that, after bench-testing the MAP sensor, you've reach the conclusion that the MAP sensor is OK and not the cause of the P1128 OBD II trouble code.
So, if the sensor is good... why does the PCM keep setting the MAP sensor trouble code? Well, because several things can fool the PCM into thinking that the MAP sensor is bad... when the MAP sensor is only reporting what is actually happening.
So, to further assist you, in this section I'll offer a few testing tips and/or suggestions:
 1. Check for vacuum leaks.
 1. An intake manifold gasket leak or a ruptured vacuum hose (especially a big one) that's leaking vacuum will have a direct impact on the MAP sensor readings.
 2. check engine mechanical health.
 1. This means doing a compression test.
 2. What you're looking for is uneven wear and tear between the cylinders. This means that the compression each cylinder is producing varies more than 15%.
 3. This tutorial will help: How To Test Engine Compression (Honda 2.2L, 2.3L).
 3. Check timing belt synchronization.
 1. If you've just replaced the timing belt (or had to remove it for any reason), double check your timing marks.
 4. Make sure that the MAP sensor is getting power and ground.
 1. Take a look at the following section: P1128 Basics You Need To Know.
 5. A short in the wiring between the MAP sensor and the PCM.
 1. You'll need to check the continuity of the 3 wires between the MAP sensor and the PCM using the appropriate wiring diagram.
 6. A bad PCM.
 1. This is very rare, but it does happen.
 7. A fuel system malfunction (that is also setting other trouble codes).
 1. If there are any other trouble codes... you'll need to diagnose and repair these first (since they may be indirectly causing the P1128 code).
 8. You've replaced the throttle body gasket and used silicone sealer on it and this sealer has plugged the MAP sensor's vacuum passage and/or orifice (I've seen this happen a lot!).


text:
Solving time: 2 mins
Connect with 50,000+ expert tutors in 60 seconds, 24X7
Fig. 5.1 shows a plastic cup. The cup contains sand, an electric heater and a thermometer.
The power of the heater is . The mass of the sand in the cup is . The initial temperature of the sand is . The heater is switched on for minutes. The temperature is recorded until the temperature stops increasing. The highest temperature recorded by the thermometer is .
Explain why the specific heat capacity of sand may be different from the calculated value of the specific heat capacity of the sand.
|Topic||Thermal properties and temperature|
|Answer Type||Text solution:1|


text:
Background: The anthroposophic lifestyle has several features of interest in relation to allergy: for example, a restrictive use of antibiotics and certain vaccinations. In a previous Swedish study, Steiner school children (who often have an anthroposophic lifestyle) showed a reduced risk of atopy, but specific protective factors could not be identified.
Objective: To investigate factors that may contribute to the lower risk of allergy among Steiner school children.
Methods: Cross-sectional multicenter study including 6630 children age 5 to 13 years (4606 from Steiner schools and 2024 from reference schools) in 5 European countries.
Results: The prevalence of several studied outcomes was lower in Steiner school children than in the reference group. Overall, there were statistically significant reduced risks for rhinoconjunctivitis, atopic eczema, and atopic sensitization (allergen-specific IgE > or =0.35 kU/L), with some heterogeneity between the countries. Focusing on doctor-diagnosed disease, use of antibiotics during first year of life was associated with increased risks of rhinoconjunctivitis (odds ratio [OR], 1.97; 95% CI, 1.26-3.08), asthma (OR, 2.79; 95% CI, 2.03-3.83), and atopic eczema (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.22-2.17). Early use of antipyretics was related to an increased risk of asthma (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.11-2.13) and atopic eczema (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.02-1.71). Children having received measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination showed an increased risk of rhinoconjunctivitis, whereas measles infection was associated with a lower risk of IgE-mediated eczema.
Conclusion: Certain features of the anthroposophic lifestyle, such as restrictive use of antibiotics and antipyretics, are associated with a reduced risk of allergic disease in children.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Topic: PsychologyBehavior
Last updated: March 6, 2019
The second one, known as "passenger data adapter", is characterized by having a similar behavior, using the Ethernet or USB port of the mobile devices instead of the aircraft distribution network as data source or sink. Therefore, the only difference between the adapters is the working wavelength of the optical link (VLC from distribution network to user, and IR in the other direction).
In the proposed system topology, each passenger is considered to be inside a microcell. However, it could be possible that nearby users or cabin illumination lamps generate harmful interference due to a wide lamp emission pattern or a high photodiode FOV. In addition, reflections on different objects could dramatically reduce the system performance. Here we opt for the use of optical lenses for collimating the light beam in the passenger's table. A simulation based on a Monte Carlo-Ray tracing algorithm has been performed in order to calculate the Signal Noise Ratio (SNR) at different points of the user's table. We have considered 3 emitters, corresponding to the three reading lights, and 740 receivers distributed over the passenger's table.
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text:
We systematically reviewed cohort studies (identified after searching through MEDLINE) from the period of January 2001 to August 2011 to find out the relation of degree of coffee consumption with development of diabetes mellitus. Information on study design, participant characteristics, measurement of coffee consumption and outcomes, adjustment for potential confounders, and estimates of associations was reviewed independently by 3 reviewers. The review included 13 cohort studies including 12, 47,387 participants and 9473 incident cases of type 2 diabetes. We compared the risk of diabetes amongst people with different degrees of coffee consumption.
We concluded that habitual coffee consumption is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. Participants who drank 4 to 6 cups and more than 6 to 7 cups of coffee per day had a lower risk of type 2 diabetes compared with those who drank less than 2 cups per day. Advantage of filtered coffee over pot boiled, decaffeinated coffee over caffeinated coffee and stronger inverse correlation in < 60 years age group was also noted. However, based on this review, increasing coffee consumption as a public health strategy can't be recommended. More detailed studies of coffee consumption, including appropriate measures of postprandial hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity, are required.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text: While Southerners agonize and fight over monuments to the confederacy, their northern brothers have begun to soul search some of the monuments they cherish. The 76-foot monument of Christopher Columbus towering over Manhattan's Columbus Circle in New York City is under review by Mayor Bill de Blasio as a symbol of hate. Was Columbus a destroyer of Native American people and culture, or the explorer the Italian American communities of New York city celebrate as a favored son of their heritage? The monument was a gift from Italian Americans to the city in 1892. It celebrated their pride in their heritage at a time when Italians fought for acceptance as white people in their new country. The competing memories of Columbus have not been a victim of hate in the 125 years of Columbus Day parades, a holiday in October for schools and great Columbus Day sales in the department stores. The enormous statue has been offered a home on land in Staten island called "Green Kills Park", part of the National Park Service, by the mayor of Staten island. An alternate proposal by David Eisenach, a Columbia University historian, is to use the area around Columbus Circle to create an educational monument to the explorer's legacy, including both the good and bad parts. Another choice could be to place the monument in the Museum of the City of New York, where the thousands of items donated by Italian Americans over the museum's 95-year history would join it. At the museum, the statue could be contextualized through its own history with the City of New York. The competing memories of Columbus, historical and modern, would put the statue in context and continue the discussion.


text:
THE OLD GREY MARE IS YOUNGER THAn SHE USED TO BE
The Waterhole Rituals Program is a method of training horses at Liberty that I developed through my observation of Wild Horses.
Liberty horse training is a way of connecting with your horse without tack, in a free and open environment. The student's focus is on growing their understanding of how to connect, communicate, and train a horse while being present in the moment. When horse and human are present in the moment they both experience a much deeper sense of well-being.
Nancy Zintsmaster, my business partner and student of the Waterhole Rituals, shared a story with me the other day which shows how the Waterhole Rituals can bring a horse sense of well-being.
Nancy rescued an old mare, named Luce, and her three offspring, a few years ago and began working with all of them at Liberty, except the older mare, for whom it seemed that daily life was challenging enough. She had 10 foals in her life and was in very sad condition when Nancy rescued her. She looked worn and was in very poor health. She moved very little and hung by herself in the pasture. She had a half closed eye lid that Nancy had to clean daily as some of her eyelashes turned inward and were irritating her eye. She felt working with her and training her at Liberty was too much for her to bear. She cared for this mare's needs to the point of indulgence, as she felt so sorry for her.
Several years after the mare was rescued, other than being in good health, she still did not seem much better in spirit, so Nancy thought she might try introducing her to the Waterhole Rituals. She had initially held back from introducing the Waterhole Rituals because some of the Rituals are challenging for a horse; in particular the ones where a horse must figure out how to work within the conditions you set for them to get to a food source, giving the horse the ability to control the food source, and others that require physical participation. More than simple exercises, the Waterhole Rituals are bonding rituals that I learned from horses in the wild. They seemed to create harmony within the herd.
When Nancy introduced Luz to the Waterhole Rituals she saw her mare come to life right away and immediately look younger and more vital.
On the third day when Nancy walked up to the pasture in front of her house, before she even had a chance to open the gate, guess who came across the field to great her? It was the new and improved, younger spirited mare that for years had looked like she was on her last leg. Even her eyes seemed better, brighter and more curious!
I felt this was a good example to show how living in a pasture is not enough for a horse.
Horses are adventurers; they are nomadic in their natural state which brings adventure into their everyday lives. Just living in a pasture with friends and having all of the food they can to eat does not provide enough stimuli for a horse to stay in shape and feel a sense of purpose and overall well-being. Life has more meaning for horses when we can bring added purpose to them through the rituals that horses enjoy sharing with one another. By sharing these rituals, a cross species connection is formed where the horse develops a bond with you deeper than those he shares with other horses.
In pasture life where horses are unable to live nomadically; they can easily become bored with each other to the point of losing their desire to interact with one another. Getting to play the same games with a human partner that horses experience naturally in the wild challenges the horse, helps them to grow a sense of self, by satisfying their need for adventure and enables the horse to express its opinions and true nature.
With the Waterhole Rituals a horse can build a partnership with you that brings him well-being and gives him purpose.
So who are the Waterhole Rituals for? They are the foundation of healthy communication between horses and humans and teaches both how to work together to form an amazing partnership. The Waterhole Rituals are the foundation of any and all Equestrian pursuits.


Recover data by restoring an Azure SQL database
Testing and validating the restore capability and procedures is a critical piece of a recovery strategy. By testing the restore process, you validate that your backups are successful. You also familiarize yourself with the process and options available for recovering a database. This helps to ensure a quick and successful recovery of data when needed.
Here, you'll learn how to restore an Azure SQL Server database from automated database backups.
What you can restore
Automated backups in Azure SQL Database copy databases to blobs in read-access geo-redundant storage (RA-GRS) accounts on the schedule that you specify. If you want to restore one of these backups, you must create a new database to contain the restored data. You can't restore a database over an existing database.
You can create the database on the same server where the backup was taken or on another server with these options:
 - Create a new database on the same SQL Database server recovered to a specified point in time within the retention period.
 - Create a database on the same SQL Database server recovered to the deletion time for a deleted database.
 - Create a new database on any SQL Database server in the same region recovered to the point of the most recent backups.
 - Create a new database on any SQL Database server in any other region recovered to the point of the most recent replicated backups.
How restore works
To complete a restore, Azure copies the database from the storage account to the Azure SQL Database server that you specify. In a point-in-time restore, SQL Database follows that by applying transaction logs to the restored database, up to the time you chose.
The length of this process varies widely. It depends on the database size, the transaction logs, network bandwidth, and the number of concurrent restore operations. Most restore operations finish in less than 12 hours.
The only way to know how long your restore operation takes is to perform a trial restore. It's good idea to perform trial restores occasionally to time them and to ensure your complete backup and restore strategy works as you expect.
Perform a point-in-time restore
You can perform database restores by using the Azure portal, PowerShell, or the Azure CLI. If you're performing a point-in-time restore on the original SQL Database server, you can choose:
 - Database replacement. If you want to replace the original database with the restored one, make sure you specify the same compute size and service tier as the original. Then rename the original database and give the restored database the original name by using T-SQL ALTER DATABASE commands.
 - Data recovery. If you want to retrieve data from the restored database to mitigate an error, you don't need to rename the original and restored databases. Instead, use T-SQL commands to extract the data that you need from the restored database. Then insert the data into the original database.
Both of these options begin with the restoration of a database backup from storage. To recover in the Azure portal, select the Restore button on the database overview page, and then specify the time to restore to.
In PowerShell, use the Restore-AzSqlDatabase cmdlet to execute restorations. In the Azure CLI, use the az sql db restore command.
Restore a deleted database
If a database is mistakenly deleted, you can restore it from backup to the deletion time by using the Azure portal or PowerShell.
In the portal, go to the database server's Overview page. Then, in the Operations area, select Deleted databases. You can specify a point in time up to the deletion, and then select OK to recover.
Perform a geo-restore
Azure SQL Database automatically replicates backed-up databases to datacenters in other regions. If the database in the original region is unavailable, for example because of a datacenter outage, you can restore from one of these replicated backup copies. You can restore up to the point in time when the backup was made. The latest backup might not have fully replicated to your region, so you might lose some recent changes.
To perform a geo-restore in the Azure portal, add a new database to an Azure SQL Database server. Then in the Select source drop-down list, select Backup, and choose the backup to restore from.


Tennessee Code Annotated
Title 49: Education
Chapter 5: Personnel
Part 5: Teachers' Tenure
TCA 49-5-501: Part definitions.
As used in this part, unless the context otherwise requires:
(1) "Abolition of position" means a regular bona fide elimination of a position for sufficient, just and nondiscriminatory reasons;
(2) "Board" means the local board of education holding jurisdiction in its respective territory. In the event that a school system operates without a board of education, the authority that performs the functions usually performed by a board shall be indicated by the word "board";
(3) "Conduct unbecoming to a member of the teaching profession" may consist of, but not be limited to, one (1) or more of the following:
(A) Immorality;
(B) Conviction of a felony or a crime involving moral turpitude;
(C) Dishonesty, unreliability, continued willful failure or refusal to pay one's just and honest debts;
(D) Disregard of the teacher code of ethics in part 10 of this chapter, in such manner as to make one obnoxious as a member of the profession; or
(E) Improper use of narcotics or intoxicants;
(4) "Director of schools" refers to the local director of schools, or to any other officer performing the functions of a director of schools;
(5) "Incompetence" means being incapable, lacking adequate power, capacity or ability to carry out the duties and responsibilities of the position. This may apply to physical, mental, educational, emotional or other personal conditions. It may include lack of training or experience, evident unfitness for service, a physical, mental or emotional condition making the teacher unfit to instruct or associate with children or the inability to command respect from subordinates or to secure cooperation of those with whom the teacher must work;
(6) "Inefficiency" means being below the standards of efficiency maintained by others currently employed by the board for similar work, or habitually tardy, inaccurate or wanting in effective performance of duties. The definition of inefficiency includes, but is not limited to, having evaluations demonstrating an overall performance effectiveness level that is "below expectations" or "significantly below expectations" as provided in the evaluation guidelines adopted by the state board of education pursuant to SC 49-1-302;
(7) "Insubordination" may consist of:
(A) Refusal or continued failure to obey the school laws of this state, to comply with the rules and regulations of the board or to carry out specific assignments made by the board, the director of schools or the principal, each acting within its own jurisdiction, when the rules, regulations and assignments are reasonable and not discriminatory;
(B) Failure to participate in an in-service training program as set up by the local board of education and approved by the state board of education;
(C) Treason, or any effort to sabotage or overthrow the government of the United States; or
(D) Refusal by the teacher to disclose to the board whether or not the teacher is, or has been, a member of the communist or any other party that advocates the overthrow of the government;
(8) "Neglect of duty" means gross or repeated failure to perform duties and responsibilities that reasonably can be expected of one in such capacity or continued unexcused or unnecessary absence from duty;
(9) "Probation" is a condition and period of trial during which a teacher is under observation to determine the teacher's fitness for tenure status;
(10) "Teacher" includes teachers, supervisors, principals, director of schools and all other certificated personnel employed by any local board of education, for service in public, elementary and secondary schools in this state, supported in whole or in part by state or federal funds;
(11) "Tenure" is the employment status other than probation that a teacher may be under while teaching in the public schools. A teacher has no property right in the teacher's tenure status and must sustain a specified performance effectiveness level on evaluations, as provided in this part, to achieve and maintain tenure status. If a teacher acquires tenure, the teacher shall remain under that status until such time as the teacher resigns, retires, is dismissed or the teacher is returned to probationary status by the director of schools under this part. No teacher who acquired tenure status prior to July 1, 2011, shall be returned to probationary status. No teacher, including administrative and supervisory personnel, who has acquired tenure status is entitled to any specific position; and
(12) "Transfer" means removal from one (1) position to another position under jurisdiction of the same board.
History: Acts 1951, ch. 76, SC 1 (Williams, SC 2345.1); Acts 1955, ch. 343, SC 1; 1974, ch. 654, SCSC 74-76; T.C.A. (orig. ed.), SC 49-1401; Acts 2010, ch. 916, SC 2; 2011, ch. 70, SCSC 4, 5.


Quick Answer: Where To Find Motorbike In 7 Days To Die?
Where can I find Boars in 7 days to die?
Boars are wild animals commonly found in the Forest or Snowy Forest biome and sometimes in POI's labeled "Beware, Dog, Snek, Pig, Man." Boars are neutral animals and will not flee if a character approaches them, instead they will fight back if provoked, chasing the player and attacking them.
Can you get pets in 7 days to die?
7 are purchasable from the Trader's with a starting base price of 800 or found in plane supply drop crates and use the Quest system to switch to a place-able animal.
What animals are in 7 days to die?
Hostile Animals
 - Wolf.
 - Dire Wolf.
 - Rattlesnake.
 - Bear.
 - Coyote.
 - Mountain Lion.
 - Grace.
How do you track animals in 7 days to die?
Crouch down and use your keen eyesight to find the tracks of small animals like Rabbits, Snakes or Chickens. Tracked animals are marked on your compass and map. Your hawk like senses can detect Deer and Boars as well as sneaky predators like Wolves or Coyotes.
Can you find cars in 7 days to die?
Jims Cars can be found in cities, towns and rural areas.
Will 7 Days to Die be updated on console?
You might be interested: Often asked: What Is The Fine For Riding An Unregistered Motorbike?
How do you make a small engine in 7 days to die?
The Small Engine cannot be crafted and instead must be found through scavenging or harvesting. The most common way to obtain a Small Engine is to use a Wrench and harvest/dismantle from a Sedan. When scavenging, the Small Engine can be found in Working Stiffs Crates.
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text:
The risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and for severe COVID-19 appear to share a common genetic mechanism that is involved with the immune response to viruses. This does not mean that COVID-19 increases the risk for Alzheimer's disease, only that there appears to be a single genetic variant that increases the risk for both.
Researchers found that one genetic variant in the oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1) gene increases both the risk for AD of severe COVID-19 outcomes.
Risk for Alzheimer's disease and susceptibility to severe COVID-19 share a common genetic mechanism involved in the immune response to viruses, according to a peer-reviewed article just published. The findings could lead to new treatment targets to slow the progression and severity of both diseases. If these findings bear out, it could suggest new drugs that could treat both diseases.Continue reading "Severe COVID-19 and Alzheimer's disease risk may share a genetic link"


Data Sharing using Web Services Working Group
Meg Staton (Hardwood Genetics, Chair); Jill Wegrzyn (TreeGenes); Emily Grau (TreeGenes); Andrew Farmer (NCGR); Marcela Karey Tello-Ruiz (Gramene); Justin Elser (Gramene); Sylva Donaldson, Cyril Pommier (URGI), Monica Poelchau (i5k), EthyCannon (PeanutBase), Peter Selby (BrAPI)
 - Identify the current methods of data exchange within and across AgBioData databases
 - Explore community opinions on data sharing needs and priorities
 - Identify a set of partners with interest and throughput to actually implement some concrete examples
 - Develop a set of recommended best practices for data exchange
 - Promote best practices for data exchange


text:
Retention At STCC
Can a college examine student retention prior to defining what retention is to the particular institution? There is currently one standard, national retention definition that was established by the federal government and must be reported by all colleges on an annual basis. That definition is:
Program Retention: Tracks the full-time student in a degree program over time (6yrs/4yr college, 3yrs/2yr college) to determine whether the student has completed the program.
Center for the Study of College Retention: Retention
This cohort-based rate is the rate from which the Federal Student Right to Know Graduation Rate is calculated. But this retention definition does not include students who carry less than a full-time load in their first semester at the college. At STCC, this rate represents about 50% of our incoming class on average.
- Course Completion Rates
- Course Pass Rates
- Focus Group Findings for Post Traditional Students 2013
- Retention Analyses 2013
- Fall to Spring Retention Rates - Overall & By Gender
- Fall to Spring Retention Rates by Ethnicity & Student Type
- Placement & Retention Analysis of General and NonGeneral Studies Students.
Fall to Fall
- Cohort: A cohort is a body of students that have something in common. This can be start term; enrolled term; their program or course; or a demographic profile such as gender, race, service received, or academic placement.
- First-time: A first-time student is one who is attending STCC for the first time.
- Freshman vs Transfer: A freshman never attended college previously while a transfer is a student who has prior college experience whether they are transferring in credits from another institution or not.
- New Student: A student enrolling in credit bearing courses
- Census Date: The date the college takes an official snapshot of the term enrollment. It is also called the freeze date.
Types of Retention Reporting
- Course Retention: The Course Completion Rate is the number of
students enrolled in each credit course after the course census
date divided by the number of students who successfully complete
the course and earn a grade of D- or better at the end of the term.
- For Achieving the Dream, this definition is modified to a Course Pass Rate that reflects the number of students who successfully complete the course and earn a grade of C or better at the end of the term.
- Student Retention: Tracks the students' enrollment patterns.
There are three relevant time frames:
- Term to Term tracks the student enrollment pattern across consecutive terms Fall to Spring or Spring to Fall.
- Year to Year tracks the student enrollment pattern across consecutive years Fall to Fall or Spring to Spring.
- Progressive Retention tracks an incoming class (term cohort) through their academic experience.
Definition of Institutional Cohorts
The term-based Cohort used to calculate a retention rate can be based on one of many definitions. STCC reports:
- Total Term Headcount = All students enrolled with registered credits in a specific term.
- National Cohort = All first-time, full-time degree-seeking Freshman in a specific term.
- Freshman (CSRDE) Cohort = All first-time degree-seeking Freshman full or part-time in a specific term.
- Incoming (ATD) Cohort = All incoming degree-seeking first-time freshman or transfer students in a specific term.
- Persisting (BHE) Cohort = Any new students in a specific term who attempted at least 18 credits within two years of initial enrollment and did not enroll in ESL.
- Concentrator (Perkins) Cohort = Any student who has earned 12 credits by the start of a specific term.


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SetWindowPos function
Changes the size, position, and Z order of a child, pop-up, or top-level window. These windows are ordered according to their appearance on the screen. The topmost window receives the highest rank and is the first window in the Z order.
Syntax
BOOL WINAPI SetWindowPos(
 _In_ HWND hWnd,
 _In_opt_ HWND hWndInsertAfter,
 _In_ int X,
 _In_ int Y,
 _In_ int cx,
 _In_ int cy,
 _In_ UINT uFlags
);
Parameters
hWnd [in]
Type: HWND
A handle to the window.
hWndInsertAfter [in, optional]
Type: HWND
A handle to the window to precede the positioned window in the Z order. This parameter must be a window handle or one of the following values.
ValueMeaning
HWND_BOTTOM
(HWND)1
Places the window at the bottom of the Z order. If the hWnd parameter identifies a topmost window, the window loses its topmost status and is placed at the bottom of all other windows.
HWND_NOTOPMOST
(HWND)-2
Places the window above all non-topmost windows (that is, behind all topmost windows). This flag has no effect if the window is already a non-topmost window.
HWND_TOP
(HWND)0
Places the window at the top of the Z order.
HWND_TOPMOST
(HWND)-1
Places the window above all non-topmost windows. The window maintains its topmost position even when it is deactivated.

For more information about how this parameter is used, see the following Remarks section.
X [in]
Type: int
The new position of the left side of the window, in client coordinates.
Y [in]
Type: int
The new position of the top of the window, in client coordinates.
cx [in]
Type: int
The new width of the window, in pixels.
cy [in]
Type: int
The new height of the window, in pixels.
uFlags [in]
Type: UINT
The window sizing and positioning flags. This parameter can be a combination of the following values.
ValueMeaning
SWP_ASYNCWINDOWPOS
0x4000
If the calling thread and the thread that owns the window are attached to different input queues, the system posts the request to the thread that owns the window. This prevents the calling thread from blocking its execution while other threads process the request.
SWP_DEFERERASE
0x2000
Prevents generation of the WM_SYNCPAINT message.
SWP_DRAWFRAME
0x0020
Draws a frame (defined in the window's class description) around the window.
SWP_FRAMECHANGED
0x0020
Applies new frame styles set using the SetWindowLong function. Sends a WM_NCCALCSIZE message to the window, even if the window's size is not being changed. If this flag is not specified, WM_NCCALCSIZE is sent only when the window's size is being changed.
SWP_HIDEWINDOW
0x0080
Hides the window.
SWP_NOACTIVATE
0x0010
Does not activate the window. If this flag is not set, the window is activated and moved to the top of either the topmost or non-topmost group (depending on the setting of the hWndInsertAfter parameter).
SWP_NOCOPYBITS
0x0100
Discards the entire contents of the client area. If this flag is not specified, the valid contents of the client area are saved and copied back into the client area after the window is sized or repositioned.
SWP_NOMOVE
0x0002
Retains the current position (ignores X and Y parameters).
SWP_NOOWNERZORDER
0x0200
Does not change the owner window's position in the Z order.
SWP_NOREDRAW
0x0008
Does not redraw changes. If this flag is set, no repainting of any kind occurs. This applies to the client area, the nonclient area (including the title bar and scroll bars), and any part of the parent window uncovered as a result of the window being moved. When this flag is set, the application must explicitly invalidate or redraw any parts of the window and parent window that need redrawing.
SWP_NOREPOSITION
0x0200
Same as the SWP_NOOWNERZORDER flag.
SWP_NOSENDCHANGING
0x0400
Prevents the window from receiving the WM_WINDOWPOSCHANGING message.
SWP_NOSIZE
0x0001
Retains the current size (ignores the cx and cy parameters).
SWP_NOZORDER
0x0004
Retains the current Z order (ignores the hWndInsertAfter parameter).
SWP_SHOWWINDOW
0x0040
Displays the window.

Return value
Type:
Type: BOOL
If the function succeeds, the return value is nonzero.
If the function fails, the return value is zero. To get extended error information, call GetLastError.
Remarks
As part of the Vista re-architecture, all services were moved off the interactive desktop into Session 0. hwnd and window manager operations are only effective inside a session and cross-session attempts to manipulate the hwnd will fail. For more information, see The Windows Vista Developer Story: Application Compatibility Cookbook.
If you have changed certain window data using SetWindowLong, you must call SetWindowPos for the changes to take effect. Use the following combination for uFlags: SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_FRAMECHANGED.
A window can be made a topmost window either by setting the hWndInsertAfter parameter to HWND_TOPMOST and ensuring that the SWP_NOZORDER flag is not set, or by setting a window's position in the Z order so that it is above any existing topmost windows. When a non-topmost window is made topmost, its owned windows are also made topmost. Its owners, however, are not changed.
If neither the SWP_NOACTIVATE nor SWP_NOZORDER flag is specified (that is, when the application requests that a window be simultaneously activated and its position in the Z order changed), the value specified in hWndInsertAfter is used only in the following circumstances.
 - Neither the HWND_TOPMOST nor HWND_NOTOPMOST flag is specified in hWndInsertAfter.
 - The window identified by hWnd is not the active window.
An application cannot activate an inactive window without also bringing it to the top of the Z order. Applications can change an activated window's position in the Z order without restrictions, or it can activate a window and then move it to the top of the topmost or non-topmost windows.
If a topmost window is repositioned to the bottom (HWND_BOTTOM) of the Z order or after any non-topmost window, it is no longer topmost. When a topmost window is made non-topmost, its owners and its owned windows are also made non-topmost windows.
A non-topmost window can own a topmost window, but the reverse cannot occur. Any window (for example, a dialog box) owned by a topmost window is itself made a topmost window, to ensure that all owned windows stay above their owner.
If an application is not in the foreground, and should be in the foreground, it must call the SetForegroundWindow function.
To use SetWindowPos to bring a window to the top, the process that owns the window must have SetForegroundWindow permission.
Examples
For an example, see Initializing a Dialog Box.
Requirements
Minimum supported client
Windows 2000 Professional [desktop apps only]
Minimum supported server
Windows 2000 Server [desktop apps only]
Header
Winuser.h (include Windows.h)
Library
User32.lib
DLL
User32.dll
See also
Reference
MoveWindow
SetActiveWindow
SetForegroundWindow
Conceptual
Windows

Community Additions
ADD
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© 2015 Microsoft


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Roberts Memorial United Methodist Church is the oldest black Methodist Church in Alexandria. Prior to 1830, the Black Methodist in Alexandria, Virginia was members of the white Trinity Methodist Church. By 1830, the Black Methodist established their own Church called Davis Chapel after their white Minister. After 1844, Davis Chapel Church renamed their Church to Roberts Chapel due to a split within the Methodist Church on the issue of slavery. The Church was located between two Black neighborhoods called the "Bottoms" and "Hayti."
Prior to the civil war, Roberts Chapel organized a Sabbath school and a secular school, that met at the church until Alexandria retrocedes to Virginia in 1847. After the civil war, the school reopened.
Roberts Chapel members were freed and enslaved people. This section will talk about some of their members and the impact they had on the history of Alexandria.


text:
Common name: Stone Pine.
Size and spread (10 years): 2m
Treatment required: Non dormant.
Seeds / kg: 1,100 95% viable
Ideal sowing period: Spring
Soil conditions: Prefers light well drained soils in sunlight.
Planting instructions: A sheltered spot is needed, especially when young. Does well growing by the coast and is decorative in a large pot and in this way can be moved out of the weather when necessary.
Mature height: 15m


8 shocking health benefits of pineapple tea
 - by
Discover the 8 shocking health benefits of pineapple tea.
Pineapple tea is rich in vitamin C and protects the body against skin damage and attacks, the enzyme bromelain, present in pineapples, contains potassium that neutralizes sodium, arginine, and certain acids.
It helps to evacuate the water and purge the nutrients, the health benefits of pineapple tea are also recommended, since this tea helps in the treatment of arthritis, sore throat, gout, and acute sinusitis.
It is also beneficial for treating sprains and strains. Pineapple tea also supports smooth digestion;
It is high in antioxidants, which makes it difficult for free radicals to grow which can lead to asthma, colon cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis.
So if you want to load up these benefits for yourself, switch to pineapple tea from your regular tea.
Drinking pineapple tea is a great way to remove excess water in your body, along with other impressive health benefits.
Shocking health benefits of pineapple tea
Health benefits of pineapple tea
The most impressive health benefits of pineapple tea include its effects on the following:
- Improving the mood
- Relieve anxiety
- Boosting the immune system
- Improving metabolism.
- Reduce inflammation
- Prevent premature aging
- Preventing chronic diseases
We will discuss them in detail below:
Bromelain is the most well-known active ingredient in pineapple tea benefits and has been directly linked to reducing inflammation, which is why this tea is often recommended for people with arthritis.
This effect is the reason why many people use the benefits of pineapple tea to eliminate water retention, as it can induce urination and minimize edema symptoms;
This anti-inflammatory effect also makes it good for people who suffer from chronic headaches or irritable bowel syndrome.
With very high levels of vitamin C in this tea, along with other antioxidants, the benefits of pineapple tea can prevent premature aging and reduce the risk of chronic disease and neurodegenerative diseases.
Some recommend the health benefits of pineapple tea for weight loss, due to its nutrient density, but the lack of calories (unless you add freshly squeezed juice, which can increase the calorie count).
Additionally, bromelain is linked to stimulating metabolism, which can aid in many aspects of health, from hormone levels to energy production.
1. Improves general health.
Both pineapple and the tea itself have high amounts of vitamin C and antioxidants.
The latter helps fight oxidative stress, a condition that can lead to different diseases.
Vitamin C is also important because it increases your metabolism and helps repair damaged tissues and ligaments.
Besides this, it also helps your body metabolize iron better.
2. Improves metabolism.
You may have heard about pineapple tea and its effects on weight loss.
This is because pineapple contains manganese, a substance that speeds up your metabolism;
This makes it easier for your body to burn fat.
Moreover, it can prevent blood clotting, as well as improve bone growth.
3. It has anti-inflammatory properties.
This fruit has many anti-inflammatory agents that help your body's natural healing process.
Pineapples contain bromelain, an enzyme that helps reduce inflammation.
Therefore, if you have arthritis, you can use it to improve your condition.
Overall, pineapple tea benefits not only taste nice, but it also offers you many health benefits;
Welcome summer with this exotic drink and stay healthy at the same time.
Rich in manganese, bromelain, dietary fiber, and vitamin C, pineapple tea offers several healing properties. This includes:
4. Anti-inflammatory action
Pineapples and pineapple tea contain bromelain as we have been telling you throughout this post, an enzyme is known to reduce inflammation.
This is particularly important for people suffering from arthritis, however many other forms of inflammation can be improved by drinking pineapple tea or eating foods rich in bromelain.
5. Action to improve mood
In a study of hospitalized patients with vitamin C deficiency, those who received vitamin C more frequently reported an improvement in mood.
Often, people with vitamin C deficiency experience fatigue and depression.
Other studies support this finding, showing that vitamin C is highly likely to improve mood, although more research is needed.
6. Metabolic Function
All those pineapple weight-loss teas may be on to something, despite the ones that don't.
This is due to a large amount of manganese found naturally in pineapple, manganese helps bone and tissue growth as well as blood clotting and weight loss, this is because manganese increases the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates.
When a person is deficient in manganese, problems such as infertility, weakness, and bone loss can occur.
About 37 percent of Americans don't get enough manganese in their diets.
7. Antioxidant Effects
Vitamin C comes into play again, helps fight oxidative stress, and neutralizes free radicals.
As free radicals can change DNA, resulting in diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and painful arthritis, vitamin C is an essential daily nutrient that repairs damaged tissue in every area of the body, suggests the University of California Medical Center.
Vitamin C repairs collagen, ligaments, blood vessels, and helps the body absorb iron from plant-based foods.
It also protects the bones and teeth.
One cup of pineapple juice contains 94 percent of the recommended daily allowance of vitamin C (2,000 milligrams – high-end).
8. Immune Effects
A fabulous source of vitamin C, pineapple helps keep the immune system working at its best to fight infections and debilitating diseases like cancer.
A 100-gram serving of pineapple contains about 44 percent of the recommended daily allowance for manganese, and bromelain, found in all parts of the pineapple plant, is currently being investigated for a wide range of clinical disorders.
What is pineapple tea?
Pineapple tea is a floral drink made from pineapple fruits, seeds, skin, or leaves, and can even be made by mixing pineapple juice into a regular tea brew.
This variation of how it is made may have a slight effect on the health benefits of this tea, although many of the key active ingredients in this tea are present, regardless of the brewing method.
Many people also prefer drinking pineapple tea, rather than buying pineapple juice from the store, which is often processed or contains too much sugar.
Pineapple tea preserves the flavor of pineapples, in most preparations;
Although it is more popular in tropical regions where pineapple grows, the availability of this fruit and the ease of tea production have made it also sought after in non-tropical regions.
Are there any side effects of pineapple tea?
Side effects related to the health benefits of pineapple tea are typically related to mixed teas or medicinal teas.
For example, senna, often used as a recipe for diet tea, can lead to stomach cramps and nausea in some people.
Pineapple tea without additives is considered safe for most people unless there is an allergy.
There are so many varieties and variations of pineapple tea, it is best to research each ingredient for interactions.
According to Drugs.com, the following interactions with pineapple can occur:
Pregnancy and breastfeeding: There is insufficient evidence to suggest whether consuming pineapple during pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe or unsafe.
Some evidence suggests that pineapple has been used to induce a miscarriage, although this is not scientifically proven.
Since many pineapple teas contain other ingredients, it is best to err on the side of caution and avoid this tea during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
Allergies: Some people may experience hypersensitivity to pineapple.
In rare cases, a cross-reaction with celery, bee venom, papain, and bromelain has been reported.
Immature Pineapples: When making homemade tea, using a green pineapple can lead to severe vomiting.
Bromelain – One of the main active ingredients in pineapple, bromelain, can cause vomiting, a rash, and increased menstrual flow in a small number of people.
Medications: People taking amoxicillin and/or tetracycline should avoid pineapple tea
What is pineapple tea good for?
A cup of pineapple tea has a powerful impact when it comes to physical and mental well-being. Pineapple is good for:
- Weightloss
- Reduce inflammation
- Improved mood
- Boosting your immune system
- Improving nervous tone
- Maintain bone health
Most commercial forms of pineapple tea contain other ingredients or other types of tea blends that promote a healthy lifestyle, often including additional health benefits.
What does pineapple tea taste like?
Pineapple tea without additives or other types of tea has a fresh, sweet, and slightly sour taste.
The scent is citrus, producing visions of sunshine and warm breezes.
Most people who enjoy the taste of other citrus fruits find pineapple tea to have a very pleasant taste and aroma.
Tea pairings
Pineapple tea is often combined with green tea, lemongrass, ginger, or chamomile. Often touted as a diet tea, popular brands like Dr. Ming Pineapple Tea also contain senna and licorice or some other form of natural laxative or diuretic.
Depending on the brand of tea, the pineapple base often outperforms other flavors, although flavors like hibiscus, honey, mango, and rooibos are usually the only ones.
Pineapple pairs well with most other fruits, light teas (white and green), earthy teas like rooibos, and naturally sweet flavors.


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Testing is one of the most important things you can do to ensure your new Grants Management System (GMS) meets your requirements and works for your team. In most software implementations, the client is responsible for User Acceptance Testing (UAT) which requires the client to test their new system to ensure it meets their specifications as stated in the implementation contract or Statement of Work (SOW). User Acceptance Testing may also be needed after a new release of system upgrades, or if the client has undergone major enhancement of an existing system. The client is given a period of time to plan, execute and report issues uncovered during the testing. Once all testing is complete, and all identified issues are resolved, retested and validated, the system is handed off to the client to launch and begin using.
Most clients we work with understand the importance of testing their new system but often find the job daunting and overwhelming. This is understandable—software testing is a practice that requires knowledge and a skillset that comes with training and experience. My colleagues and I at Grantbook have guided and supported many organizations in testing their new grant management system, including spending 100s of hours conducting testing ourselves. Below are a few tips and how-to's we picked up along the way that can make testing as successful and painless as possible.
Steps for Testing your GMS
1. Assemble your testing team
Testing is a very important training opportunity for your team. As they test the functionality of the new system, your team will gain a deep understanding of how the system works. As end users of the system, your staff are also best equipped to assess if and how the system meets the requirements and needs of the organization. With that in mind, we recommend that you assemble a testing team with representatives from all groups of users in order to ensure, as early on in the process as possible, that the system will meet the needs of all stakeholders. To test for user-friendliness and intuitive design we recommend engaging one or two testers less familiar with the processes being carried out in the system. And, lastly, no matter who you recruit to test, a thorough orientation of the system is in order.
2. Determine your testing style
Before you dive head first into testing, we recommend that you take some time to reflect on the amount and types of testing you feel is right for your project, and use that to inform your approach and testing strategy. Much of this will depend on the size of your project and team. For smaller projects you might consider testing as a group, where everyone meets and tests together. For larger teams a divide-and-conquer approach might be best—divide your team into smaller groups or individuals and assign specific parts of the process/system for them to test and report on. But no matter what strategy you follow it always helps to block off a large chunk of uninterrupted time to run through your list of specific steps/clicks for a test case without distractions.
3. Project manage your testing
Begin by determining how much time you have to conduct the testing and how many staff you have to do it. Once you have your timelines planned, establish a process for documenting and tracking test cases, results, and how to submit bugs. In most cases this can simply be a spreadsheet, but you can also use project management tools like AirTable and Trello for test cases, or Freshdesk to track and log tickets. If this is a large implementation, consider a professional test management software such as JIRA.
If your testing plan includes individuals testing on their own, you will find that holding a consistent regular check-in time is helpful to keep everyone on-track and address common issues. Follow a consistent format for check-ins and decide what drives the agenda and meeting discussions (e.g defect tracker or test progress tracker?). Make sure your team understands the process and know where and how to share the testing results.
4. Plan testing scenarios
Identify the list of different ways a process workflow can go to completion, including happy and not-so-happy paths. Include identifying exception scenarios that sometimes occur, with the context of how frequently they occur (e.g. an approver is out of the office for extended vacation, a grantee contact leaves). Include trying to look up data or ad hoc reporting not directly tied to administering a grant.
5. Create test data
Start by deciding which environment you are testing in. If this is an implementation of a new system testing in production prior to launch is appropriate. But after launch it could vary depending on your setup and strategy. Once you decide where you will test, you can begin creating testing data. Having test data available in the system in advance will make testing run smoother and faster, because you can jump right in to testing without having to create records first. As you create test records we recommend that you follow a naming convention so it's easy to identify test data for clean-up later. We often use tags such as TESTTEST or a theme to make things fun—we recently created an entire set of testing records using Harry Potter characters and places! Create a test user for each role so that you can validate user permissions. Share a common set of test data with the team so effort can be saved.
6. Coach your testers on best practices
In addition to orienting the testers to the system, we recommend that you also coach (and re-coach) testers on how to conduct testing and give good quality feedback. For example, tell testers to include notes on the specific records and roles that were used to test and details about what went wrong rather than broad statements.
We typically provide the following instructions to our clients:
- Approach testing like running a science experiment: follow a procedure, alter one variable, observe and note the results.
- Go into testing with a pre-existing notion or hypothesis of what should happen or the expected result. Compare this against the actual results.
- Test one thing at a time so if the results are not in line with what was expected, you can more confidently assume it was due to the variable that was changed.
- Document everything! Make sure the steps that you took are noted and repeatable, so others can follow them to the exact specifications to reproduce your results.
- Test workflows with the test user roles and not as a system administrator.
- Know where to find emails which are supposed to be sent from the system so that you can verify they are going out when they need to. Since you will likely be using fake testing accounts you will need to find the emails in the system and not in the -fakeinbox.
- Try to "break the system" by following unusual process paths. For example: trying to access something your test role shouldn't be able to, entering invalid data, adding data then deleting data and leaving fields blank before saving/submitting to check requirements.
7. Use helpful tools
Our team has found the following tools very helpful in making testing easier and time efficient.
- Form Filler chrome extension (to quickly fill in forms with gibberish)
- Session Box chrome extension to enable logging in with multiple accounts in the same browser session window (you can also do this with Incognito mode)
- Screencastify chrome extension to record GIFs of your chrome tab
8. Manage your bugs proactively
To keep testing focused, we recommend that you identify the most important test scenarios and make addressing bugs that show up in these scenarios your first priority. If you are employing a large testing team with many novice testers, have an experienced person triage reported bugs in order to prevent duplicate bugs being logged, verify the quality of information provided in the testing log, and identify the appropriate priority of the bug. Lastly, once testing is underway, make sure to monitor for forward progress on bugs - this may involve nudging people to follow up on their actions if there's been no activity for a while.
Don't sweat it
Test-driving your new Grants Management System may seem stressful and daunting at first, but it doesn't have to be. With the right approach, tips and tools, testing can be an exciting and valuable opportunity for your team to verify that your new system works as it should, while also getting to know the new system well and become confident power users right from the start!
Are you gearing up to select, implement, or optimize your Grants Management System? Our team of experts can guide you through the process and set you up for success.