Fairy Tales: Three Heroes (Windows)
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5 point score based on user ratings.
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Fairy Tales: Three Heroes is a Slavic tale of three Russian heroes who retired early when the nation was at peace. In their solitude, far from the world, their stories were soon forgotten until one day, Alesha, one of the heroes, unexpectedly meets a gang of robbers who try to sneak into his house. He learns from them that the world has changed. The nation is no longer stable and mischievous gangs are running rampant. Alesha decides to find back his former friends Dobrynya and Ilya to team up and restore the former glory.
This third-person action is a modern take on the Lost Viking concept where three friends, each with different abilities, need to work together. They travel through a bright, cel-shaded world divided into different areas. Each location contains a number of towns, dense nature, characters who provide quests and of course plenty of enemies. Using the Physx engine, almost every object can be pushed around or destroyed. The three friends run together and the player can switch between them at any time. Meanwhile, the computer AI takes over for the other two character's basic actions. The player can also exercise minor influence over them by asking them to follow or hold a position. Often they need to operate separately, for specific missions or to control an area from different directions at the same time.
The characters have distinct abilities. Alesha is an agile archer who runs the fastest and needs to take out enemies from a distance with bow and arrow. Dobrynya is stronger and usually wields a staff. He has the ability to pole-vault over obstacles where others cannot pass. Ilya is the brute with a giant sword and shield; slow but extremely effective in combat. They can pick up new weapons left behind by enemies (based on a wide range of statistics) or have it upgraded. By defeating enemies and completing quests, experience is earned to level up the character through a skill tree. Next to the primary weapons, each character can execute up to seven secondary attacks that can be upgraded up to three times. Alesha for instance can fire many arrows at once or aim precisely, while Ilya can swing his sword around to perform combos or pick up enemies and throw them far away. Executing them drains a Heroic Strength meter, that regenerates or is refilled through items. Not all attacks can be maxed out during the course of the game, so the most important ones need to be singled out. The characters can also collect meat or apples to restore health, and a wide range of items used to poison weapons, gain excessive speed, freeze enemies, increase defence and more.
The many quests have the heroes attack fortresses and camps, protect towns, escort important characters or retrieve missing persons. In later missions, many of them occur at once introducing an invisible time limit or forcing the player to fight and protect characters at the same time. While the storyline is linear, players are free to explore the environment and explore the quests at first. Even though strategical switches between the characters are important while fighting, the combat itself is mostly pure hack-and-slash. Quests show up on a mini-map where waypoints can be activated to quickly move towards a goal. Movement is done through the keyboard, while the mouse is used to look around and perform actions.
Fairy Tales: Three Heroes Windows Meeting one of the stronger opponents.
Fairy Tales: Three Heroes Windows The skill tree for secondary attacks
Fairy Tales: Three Heroes Windows Walking towards a hut in the distance.
Fairy Tales: Three Heroes Windows Main Menu
Alternate Titles
 - "Legenda o Trzech Bohaterach" -- Polish title
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Softonic Jul 15, 2009 3.5 Stars3.5 Stars3.5 Stars3.5 Stars3.5 Stars 70
Jeuxvideo.com Sep 03, 2009 10 out of 20 50
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Sciere (228375) added Fairy Tales: Three Heroes (Windows) on Jul 18, 2009


Probability of Success with Co-Data
Use of Co-Data in Clinical Trails with RBesT
Sebastian Weber
The probability of success is a very useful concept to assess the chances of success of a trial while taking uncertainties into account. In this document we briefly introduce the needed formal details, describe an example data set and then demonstrate various ways of increasing complexity how the probability of success concept can be applied to increasingly complex data situations.
The co-data concept has been introduced in [1]. It differs from the use of historical data in that the approach makes use of contemporary data. A meta-analytic-predictive (MAP) analysis assumes that historical data is known at the time-point of specyfing the analysis and is as such a retrospective summary of available data. The MAP prior is then combined with the current trial data. A co-data approach extends this sequential procedure to a meta-analytic-combined (MAC) analysis. In the MAC approach all available data is analyzed in a single step - that is, historical and concurrent data is combined in a single inference step. Both approaches MAP and MAC yield exactly the same results as is demonstrated in the appendix at the bottom. An example for a co-data scenario in drug development is the simultaneous execution of twin phase III trails for registriation. In such a setting, a futility analysis at an interim analysis may take historical an all contemporary data into account in a co-data approach. This example has been discussed in [1] using the probability of success (PoS) as metric to assess futility at an interim analysis and is discussed here in detail.
The key property of the probability of success metric is the consideration of uncertainty in parameters conditional on available data. In contrast, the conditional power (CP) calculates the frequency a given experemintal design will be successful for a known value of the parameters. For example, in a 1-sample experiment with a one-sided success criterion the trial is successful if the collected data \(y_N\) of sample size \(N\) exceeds some critical value \(y_c\); recall that the critical value \(y_c\) is determined by the success criterion, prior and sample size when evaluated. Assuming that the sampling model of the data is \(p(y|\theta)\), then
\[ CP_N(\theta) = \int I(y_N > y_c) \, p(y_N|\theta) \, dy_N.\]
The integration over the data \(y_N\) comprises all possible outcomes of the trial. Note that before the start of the trial, \(CP_N(\theta_0)\) is the type I error rate under the conventional null hypothesis (\(\theta=\theta_0\)) and \(CP_N(\theta_a)\) the power of the trial under the alternative (\(\theta=\theta_a\)). At an interim analysis at sample size \(n_I\), the conditional power is then evaluated conditional on the observed data so far (the \(n_I\) measurements) while the remaining sample size (\(N-n_I\)) is random and distributed according to \(p(y|\theta)\) with \(\theta\) set to some known value,
\[ CP_{N-n_I}(\theta|y_{n_I}) = \int I(y_{n_I} + y_{N-n_I} = y_N > y_c|y_{n_I}) \, p(y_{N-n_I}|\theta) \, dy_{N-n_I}.\]
The known value can be set equal to the observed point estimate at the interim, \(CP_{N-n_I}(\hat{\theta}_{I}|y_{n_I})\), or to the assumed true alternative, \(CP_{N-n_I}(\theta_a|y_{n_I})\), used to plan the trial.
The probability of success in contrast assigns \(\theta\) a distribution and marginalizes the conditional power over this distribution. In absence of additional trial external information this distribution is the posterior for \(p(\theta|y_{n_I})\) obtained from the prior for \(p(\theta)\) and the data collected up to the interim,
\[ PoS_I = \int CP_{N-n_I}(\theta|y_{n_I}) \, p(\theta|y_{n_I}) \, d\theta.\]
However, our knowledge about \(\theta\) can be refined if other data-sources like completed (historical) or concurrent trials are available,
\[ PoS_{I,H,...} = \int CP_{N-n_I}(\theta|y_{n_I}) \, p(\theta|y_{I},y_{H},...) \, d\theta.\]
It is important to note that the conditional power is always evaluated with respect to the trial data (and prior) only. Thus, additional data-sources are not part of the analysis of the trial. In practice this means that the probability of success is usually calculated for a trial which uses non-informative priors, but at interim we may use additional data-sources to refine our knowledge on \(\theta\) which will not be part of the trial analysis.
Example Data Scenario
In the following the hypothetical example as in [1] is discussed. The assumed endpoint is time-to-event, which is analyzed using the normal approximation of the log-rank statistic for comparing two groups. Under a 1:1 randomization the sampling distribution of the log-hazard ratio is a normal distribution with sampling standard deviation \(2\) and a standard error of \(\sqrt{4/N_{events}}\) for a sample size of \(N_{events}\). The historical data considered is a proof of concept and a phase II trial. The twin phase III studies are event driven. Each trial stops whenever a total of \(379\) events is reached and an interim is planned whenever at least \(150\) events have occured. The assumed true hazard ratio used for the design of the trial is \(0.8\).
Example data:
trials <- data.frame(study = c("PoC", "PhII", "PhIII_A", "PhIII_B"),
 deaths = c( 8, 85, 162, 150),
 HR = c( 0.7, 0.75, 0.83, 0.78),
 stringsAsFactors = FALSE
## under the normal approximation of the log-HR, the sampling sd is 2
## such that the standard errors are sqrt(4/events)
trials <- trials %>%
 mutate(logHR=log(HR), sem=sqrt(4/deaths))
kable(trials, digits=2)
study deaths HR logHR sem
PoC 8 0.70 -0.36 0.71
PhII 85 0.75 -0.29 0.22
PhIII_A 162 0.83 -0.19 0.16
PhIII_B 150 0.78 -0.25 0.16
The remaining outline of the vignette is to first evaluate the design properties of the trials, then calculate the probability of success at interim for the A trial only (using only trial A data). Next, the probability of success is calculated using in addition the historical data. Subsequently, the probability of success for trial A is calculated also using the historical data and the concurrent phase III data of trial B. Finally, the overall probability of success is calculated, which is defined by the joint success of both trials. In the appendix the equivalence of the MAP and MAC approach is demonstrated.
Statistical Trial Design Considerations
Key design choices:
Historical data:
Define design choices
Nev <- 379
alt_HR <- 0.75
alt_logHR <- log(alt_HR)
alpha <- 0.025
Power calculation
Here we use the unit information prior as non-informative prior and define it using the mean & effective sample size (ESS) specification:
## Univariate normal mixture
## Reference scale: 2
## Mixture Components:
## comp1
## w 1
## m 0
## s 2
Define conditional power for the overall trial:
## 1 sample decision function
## Conditions for acceptance:
## P(x <= 0) > 0.975
Under the alternative these design choices result in 80% power
## [1] 0._PHONE_
The impact of the unit-information prior is minimal which can be seen by comparing to the frequentist calculation:
## One-sample t test power calculation
## n = 379
## delta = 0._PHONE_
## sd = 2
## sig.level = 0.025
## power = 0._PHONE_
## alternative = one.sided
With RBesT we can explore the conditional power for a range of alternatives:
Critical value
The critical value determines at which observed logHR we just conclude that the success criterion is fulfilled.
## [1] -0._PHONE_
## [1] 0._PHONE_
We can check this:
## Using default prior reference scale 2
## [1] 1
Ok, when observing the critical value, we get a success.
Now, what if we observe a 1% worse result?
## Using default prior reference scale 2
## [1] 0
No success then \(\Rightarrow\) this is the critical boundary value.
PoS at interim for phase III trial A only
No use of historical information
Posterior of treatment effect at interim. The trial uses a non-informative prior for the treatment effect:
## Univariate normal


text:
We present a phenomenological approximation to the study of various non-universal features of liquid-liquid phase transitions in the framework of an approximate equation that relates the excess volume, the excess enthalpy, and the slope of the critical line. The mixtures under study are those containing 1-nitropropane (NP) or nitrobenzene (NB) and n-alkanes (CNH2N+2). The validity range of the above-mentioned equation is studied in detail for NP-CNH2N+2 systems. The consistency thus observed is within the experimental resolution limits, indicating that the equation can be extremely successful. The influence of effects at a molecular level on the slope of the critical line and on the critical amplitude of the isobaric thermal expansivity is analyzed from the microscopic interpretation of the excess volume and the excess enthalpy. This analysis is extended to NB-CNH2N+2 systems. The results reflect the importance of volumetric effects on critical behaviour, short-range anti-parallel ordering in NB appearing to be particularly relevant.
- Critical amplitudes
- Excess enthalpy
- Excess volume
- Liquid-liquid critical points
- Slope of the critical line

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Written by Gil Fronsdal and adapted by Evan Kavanagh
- Can include music, flower bearers and flower scattering
- Are there important friends or family members who enter before or with the couple?
- The altar can represent the couple's spiritual values (Buddha, Dharma, Nature, God, Creation, etc.)
- Officiant welcomes everyone and talks about why everyone is gathered. This might be the time for a talk on marriage/commitment and the role of the community in supporting their partnership
Short meditation or period of silence
- Perhaps having people reflect on their wishes and feelings for the couple being joined. Or perhaps doing loving-kindness/metta meditation
Refuges and Precepts
- These are usually done in a Buddhist ceremonyrepeated after the officiant. Some couples will re-write the refuges and precepts in their own language. When something close to the traditional refuges and precepts are used, this is the heart of what makes the ceremony Buddhist
- In a wider sense, this part of the ceremony can be a statement of how the couple intends to live their lives spirituallyby what values
Poetry and song
- Offered by one or both people being married, and/or by friends and family
- This is one way to involve loved ones in the ceremony
Exchange of vows and rings
- Alternatives or additions to exchanging rings could be exchanging malas (Buddhist prayer beads) or Tibetan blessing scarves.
- There are many different opportunities here to make commitments or undertake the Buddhist Precepts together
- Could include statement of undertaking to use relationship as practice to reveal the underlying spiritual qualities of life together
Pronouncement of union
- Officiant pronounces partnership
- Blessings or well wishes from family and friends
- Another opportunity to include community and family
- Might include asking people who have something in their relationship you admire to offer that quality to you as a blessing
Blessing from officiant
- This may include short metta meditation, sprinkling with holy water, blessing cord, etc.
- Other possible elements: chanting, ringing of bells, noisemakers, prayer flags for everyone, etc.
- Provides a concrete ending to the ceremony – especially important if reception is being held in same location
- It is often a good idea to have the couple exit before the guests and, if it is going to be a legal wedding, to immediately go to a private location with witnesses to sign the marriage license (which the couple provides). It could be hard to gather people together and the signing is more anti-climatic later.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Background: Atrial fibrillation(AF) is a kind of persistent arrhythmia that can lead to serious complications. Therefore, accurate and quick detection of atrial fibrillation by surface electrocardiogram (ECG) has great importance on further treatment. The practical ECG signals contain various interferences in different frequencies, such as myoelectricity interference, power interference and so on. Detection speed and accuracy largely depend on the AF signal features extracted by algorithm. But some of the discovered AF features are not well distinguishable, resulting in poor classification effect.
Methods: This paper proposed a high distinguishable atrial fibrillation feature - the frequency corresponding to the maximum amplitude in the frequency spectrum (MAiFS). We used the R-R interval detection method optimized with mathematical morphology method and combined with the wavelet transform method for analysis. According to the two features - the MAiFS and R-R interval irregular, we can recognize AF in ECG signal by decision tree classification algorithm.
Results: The data used in the experiment comes from the MIT-BIH database , which is publicly accessible via the web and with ethics approval and consent. The dataset contains 23 annotated ECG records, each of which is approximately 10 hours with a sampling rate of 250Hz and a 12-bit resolution with a range of 10mv. Based on the input of time-domain and frequency-domain features, a supervised classifier is constructed by using decision tree algorithm, and the data obtained from the above experiments are brought in to carry out a 5-fold cross validation test, the accuracy of classification reaches 98.9%.
Conclusions: The frequency corresponding to the maximum amplitude in frequency spectrum in the normal signal is concentrated and the fluctuation is weak. But the frequency corresponding to the maximum amplitude in frequency spectrum in the atrial fibrillation signal is divergent and irregular. The decision tree algorithm can detect the normal signal and AF signal with 98.9% accuracy.


Denote the open unit disk as \mathbb{D}. Let u(z) be harmonic and positive for z \in \mathbb{D} \backslash \{ 0 \}. Suppose that u(z) + ln|z| is harmonic for z \in \mathbb{D}.
Claim: \forall \ z \in \mathbb{D}, u(z) + ln|z| \ge 0.
This is an old prelim problem I'm trying to figure out. Looks like it could be an application of the max. principle but I'm not seeing the way through.


Does dental insurance cover IV sedation?
Does Insurance Cover Sedation Dentistry? Unfortunately, most dental insurance companies and standard plans do not cover the cost of sedation dentistry. As disappointing as it may be, this out-of-pocket expense should never keep you from seeking treatment.
Is IV sedation expensive?
The cost of intravenous sedation is a lot higher than laughing gas sedation. The price for IV deep sedation dentistry can be between $300 – $1000 depending on how long the sedation dentist takes to perform the procedures.
How do I get dental insurance to cover anesthesia?
How much does it cost to be sedated?
Depending on the type of sedation used, costs range from a few hundred dollars to more than a thousand. Light sedation, using oral sedatives or nitrous oxide gas, usually costs anywhere from $200 to $300. This cost does not include the cost of the dental treatment and only reflects the cost of sedation.
IMPORTANT: You asked: Is depression a adjective?
Can a general dentist do IV sedation?
Not if you get the necessary training. Again, most dentists can administer local and minimal sedation, but it takes specialized training and completion of a program in deep sedation and general anesthesia through the Commission of Dental Accreditation (CODA) to utilize more complex options.
Are you awake with IV sedation?
Do you feel anything with IV sedation?
Once the IV is inserted and the sedative drugs are delivered, you will not remember anything and you will not feel any pain. Though IV sedative dental drugs are delivered, it is still necessary to use local anesthesia. Local anesthesia is necessary because the nerves in your mouth and teeth will still feel pain if Dr.
Is dental sedation safe?
Is IV sedation better than general anesthesia?
Patients generally have a shorter recovery time with IV sedation than they do with oral sedation or general anesthesia. Eases severe anxiety – Even patients dealing with severe anxiety can benefit from IV sedation, since it delivers a stronger level of sedation.
How much does nitrous cost at the dentist?
How much does it cost to have nitrous oxide at the dentist? The average cost to the patient for nitrous oxide is $50. Some offices charge this fee on a per-hour basis, and some charge it on a per-visit basis. Some offices build the cost of nitrous oxide sedation into their procedural fee structure.
IMPORTANT: Is there a generic version of Seroquel?
Will the dentist put me to sleep if I ask?
Can the Dentist put me to Sleep for Treatment? The short answer to this question is 'Yes', your dentist can put you to sleep for treatment. However, a technique known as 'conscious sedation' has replaced general anaesthesia in modern dentistry.
Why does sedation cost so much?
All things considered, the collection rate for oral and IV sedation is greater than nitrous oxide due to most office policies requiring payment in advance of treatment. The justification for such policies lies in the fact that large blocks of time are set aside for these long, productive appointments.
What's better laughing gas or anesthesia?
Laughing gas and nitrous oxide are one in the same—a safe and effective anesthetic administered to dental patients through a mask in an oxygen mixture. Laughing gas won't put you to sleep like general anesthesia. Instead, inhaling this mixture will make you feel a light tingling sensation.
What are the 5 levels of sedation?
Light sedation: Awakens briefly (less than 10 seconds) with eye contact to verbal command. Moderate sedation: Any movement, except eye contact, in response to command. Deep sedation: No response to voice, but any movement to physical stimulation. Unarousable: No response to voice or physical stimulation.
How long does IV sedation take to wear off?
How Long Does IV Sedation Last? IV sedation works quickly, with most people falling asleep in roughly 15 to 30 minutes after it's been administered. Once the IV sedation is removed, you will begin to wake up in about 20 minutes and be fully recovered from all sedative effects within six hours.
IMPORTANT: How do you give Ativan IM?
What is the difference between oral sedation and IV sedation?
The short answer is that IV sedation is better because deeper levels of sedation can be achieved in a very predictable, fast and safe manner. Oral sedation can be used, but the sedative dental drugs take longer to take effect and sometimes the level of sedation may not be right once the drug finally sets in.
Run to meet life


The Northern Ireland High Court in C (A Person under a Disability) v Chief Constable of the Police Service of Northern Ireland [2020] NIQB 3 has awarded damages of £16,500 for a breach of article 3 in respect of a failure by the police to conduct a proper investigation into the reported rape of a twenty-year-old woman with Asperger's syndrome.
The Claimant was diagnosed with Asperger's when twelve years old and lacked capacity to bring the proceedings in her own right. She alleged that she was raped and that the police failed in a number of respects. These included:
- The police failed to seize any relevant CCTV footage and did not conduct house-to-house inquiries to seek further witnesses;
- No attempt was made to follow up the Claimant's statement that she had left personal belongings in the place where she was raped;
- No attempt was made to retrieve the Claimant's diary, which her mother told the police might contain relevant information;
- There was no follow-up of the Claimant's mother's telling the police that her daughter had received text messages asking her not to proceed with the allegation;
- The police initially failed to take any statements from the people who were with the Claimant on the night of the rape;
- The Claimant was not interviewed until six months after she had been raped;
- The police failed to submit relevant evidence for analysis for over five months;
- The investigating officers had received inadequate training with respect to the investigation of rape relating to a vulnerable adult and were not aware of Achieving Best Evidence Guidelines.
The judge recounted the detailed history of the investigation. Without repeating all of that here, his conclusions were:
- There had been delay in conducting an ABE interview, due the inability of the police to assemble an appropriately credited and experienced team to conduct it. When an issue arose as to the Claimant's wishes to continue with the complaint, an officer should have visited her to ascertain whether she wanted to proceed [61].
- The investigating officer had no specific training in the investigation of serious sexual offences, particularly those involving vulnerable victims. He had no familiarity with policy documents and document on investigating child abuse and rape. The absence of training was a systemic failing [62].
- There were operational failures of a failure to obtain statements, a delay in obtaining statements, a failure to follow up investigative leads, a delay in following up investigative leads, a failure to secure and process evidence, delay in securing and processing evidence, a failure to reassess the overall strategy when it was clear that the interview of the Claimant was going to be delayed and a failure of supervising officers to direct a change in strategy [63].
The judge considered that these encompassed both operational and systemic failings. The operational failings could not be described as minor or insignificant but were serious. They resulted in the Ombudsman recommending misconduct proceedings for two officers, who accepted that they had failed to conduct a thorough investigation. Two more senior officers received advice and guidance for their supervisory failings. The combination of all the failings represented a failure to carry out an effective investigation and undoubtedly constituted a breach of article 3 [92].
The judge further considered that although the police's failures would have caused the Claimant some upset, distress and frustration, the significant and severe psychiatric and psychological deterioration which occurred following the incident would have occurred even had the police conducted the investigation in a flawless manner. In those circumstances, the judge awarded damages of £16,500 including interest.
Follow _USER_


text:
Seasons are not only a symbol of temperature and weather, but also the driving force of the fashion industry. Around the world, seasonal changes have led to consumers' desire for new styles, so brands and designers must constantly come up with new ideas to cater to the ever-changing market. The concept of seasonality affects the entire supply chain, from design, production to sales, and needs to make corresponding adjustments according to seasonal changes.
Seasons are seen in the clothing industry as a source of inspiration and a driver of market demand. Each season gives clothing a specific functional and aesthetic character, prompting designers to create unique styles that are in keeping with the season. From light spring and summer clothes to heavy autumn and winter pieces, seasonal design makes the clothing industry full of change and vitality.
Spring clothing trends
Spring is the time of year when temperatures gradually warm up and the earth comes back to life. The cold winter is gradually passing, and the breath of spring is full of new life and vitality. The warm sun shines on the earth, the breeze blows gently, and the flowers bloom. The climate of spring is usually warm and variable, from fresh and cool in the morning to warm during the day to slightly cool at night.
In such a climate, spring clothing needs to take into account the characteristics of large temperature differences. Light and breathable fabrics become the mainstay to adapt to the warm sunshine during the day and the slightly cool temperature changes at night. Soft colors, such as light blue, fresh green, pink, etc., can be integrated with the natural scenery of spring, bringing fresh and comfortable feeling to the wearer.
The major trends in spring fashion design reflect the fashion industry's sensitivity to seasonal demands. In design, light texture and loose cut become the main elements of spring clothing. Pay attention to design details, such as folds, lace, hollow, etc., to add layers and design sense of clothing. In addition, a variety of styles, including skirts, shorts, short jackets, etc., meet the consumer's diverse dress needs in the spring.
Collections launched by well-known brands in spring often set the trend and inject new vitality into the fashion industry. For example, a brand's spring collection may highlight lightweight fabrics such as cotton, silk, linen, etc., to create clothing that is extremely comfortable. In terms of design, large-area flower patterns or unique embroidery techniques may be added to show the unique style of the brand.
Summer clothing demand
Summer is the time of year when temperatures rise, usually accompanied by high temperatures, humidity and sunny weather. This season presents a unique demand for clothing, and people are looking for comfortable, cool and breathable wearing experiences. In the hot summer, people are more willing to choose light and cool clothing to maintain comfort. In addition, UV radiation also increases, so sun protection becomes an important consideration in summer clothing design.
Summer clothing design has unique characteristics in lightness, breathability and fashion. The choice of fabric becomes crucial, and natural fibers such as cotton, linen, and silk become preferred because of their good breathability and hygroscopic properties. The pursuit of simple and lightweight design, focusing on cutting and pattern, to ensure that the wearer can be comfortable in high temperatures. In terms of color, fresh and bright colors are more easily welcomed and can reflect the relaxed and pleasant atmosphere of summer.
Summer is not only the season of high temperatures, but also the season of vacations and all kinds of fashion activities. Fashion brands usually launch new models in the summer to meet the eager demand for fashion. The holiday season drives demand for holiday-style clothing, such as beach dresses, swimsuits and lightweight vacation suits. Fashion events such as Summer fashion Week also influence the design trend of summer clothing and lead the development of fashion trends.
In summer clothing design, designers need to cleverly balance fashion and functionality to meet the diverse needs of people in the high temperature season. Breathability, coolness and fashion become the key design elements of summer clothing.
Fall Fashion trends
Autumn is the transition period from summer to winter, the temperature gradually becomes cooler, and the temperature difference between day and night gradually increases. This change requires clothing to provide adequate warmth even when the temperature difference between morning and night is large. Autumn is usually accompanied by changeable weather, from sunny to cloudy to showers, so clothing design needs to take these meteorological changes into account.
Autumn clothing tones are often deep, warm colors, such as dark brown, dark red, olive green, reflecting the scenery of leaf change in nature. Designers love to use these colors to create a warm fall look.
In the fall, common fabric choices include wool, cloth, velvet, etc., which provide enough warmth and comfort. Wool coats, cloth coats become the classic choice for autumn, they not only have good thermal performance, but also show a noble and elegant atmosphere.
Due to the changeable autumn weather, the layered overlay became the focus of the design. Sweaters with vests, scarves, long coats, etc., can not only keep warm, but also create a stylish look.
Winter Clothing Challenge
The climate in winter is often cold and changeable. The temperature drops sharply and the weather can become dry, even with snow, rain, or cold winds. These harsh weather conditions pose a serious challenge to clothing, as clothing not only needs to provide adequate warmth, but also needs to be waterproof, windproof and other functions. In such an extreme climate, designers need to think about how to keep clothes fashionable and comfortable while maintaining warmth.
The design needs of winter clothing are not limited to warmth, but also need to consider a variety of elements. First of all, the choice of fabric becomes particularly critical, and it is necessary to choose materials with good heat retention and strong air permeability to ensure that the wearer can stay comfortable in a cold environment. Secondly, the design needs to take into account a variety of wearing scenes, including outdoor activities, office, social, etc., so the fashion design must have diversity and practicality. At the same time, the choice of color and pattern should also fit in with the winter atmosphere, bringing people a sense of warmth while losing a sense of fashion.
In winter clothing design, the balance between warmth and fashion is a key task. The warmth is not only reflected in the selection of fabrics, but also in the cut of the design, the thickness, and the use of accessories. At the same time, the pursuit of fashion also needs to take into account practicality, ensuring that fashion elements do not hinder the thermal effect. How to integrate creative design into functionality is an important consideration in winter clothing design, such as detachable fur collar, multi-layer design, and detail-oriented decoration, etc., are effective means to achieve this balance.
Seasonality has a profound impact on the clothing industry, not only changes in temperature and climate, but also an important driving force for the continuous evolution of the fashion industry. Each season presents a unique atmosphere, providing a rich space for inspiration and creativity in fashion design. Spring focuses on fresh, summer emphasizes cool, autumn pursues warmth, winter ushered in the demand for warmth, this diversity not only meets the actual needs of consumers, but also promotes the continuous innovation of the fashion industry. From short sleeves to down jackets, from beach dresses to sweater coats, the clothing industry shows off endless design possibilities in seasonal changes.
Seasonality also has a significant impact on apparel retail. Retailers need to prepare seasonal inventory in advance to accommodate demand peaks in different seasons. The promotion of seasonal goods has also become an effective means to attract consumers. Overall, flexible response to seasonal demand has become one of the key factors for the success of clothing brands.


text:
Measuring community similarity with phylogenetic networks.
Environmental drivers of biodiversity can be identified by relating patterns of community similarity to ecological factors. Community variation has traditionally been assessed by considering changes in species composition and more recently by incorporating phylogenetic information to account for the relative similarity of taxa. Here, we describe how an important class of measures including Bray-Curtis, Canberra, and UniFrac can be extended to allow community variation to be computed on a phylogenetic network. We focus on phylogenetic split systems, networks that are produced by the widely used median network and neighbor-net methods, which can represent incongruence in the evolutionary history of a set of taxa. Calculating β diversity over a split system provides a measure of community similarity averaged over uncertainty or conflict in the available phylogenetic signal. Our freely available software, Network Diversity, provides 11 qualitative (presence-absence, unweighted) and 14 quantitative (weighted) network-based measures of community similarity that model different aspects of community richness and evenness. We demonstrate the broad applicability of network-based diversity approaches by applying them to three distinct data sets: pneumococcal isolates from distinct geographic regions, human mitochondrial DNA data from the Indonesian island of Nias, and proteorhodopsin sequences from the Sargasso and Mediterranean Seas. Our results show that major expected patterns of variation for these data sets are recovered using network-based measures, which indicates that these patterns are robust to phylogenetic uncertainty and conflict. Nonetheless, network-based measures of community similarity can differ substantially from measures ignoring phylogenetic relationships or from tree-based measures when incongruent signals are present in the underlying data. Network-based measures provide a methodology for assessing the robustness of β-diversity results in light of incongruent phylogenetic signal and allow β diversity to be calculated over widely used network structures such as median networks.


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Wednesday, November 6, 2013
HashTag: Password Hash Identification
Click here to download source code or access it online at OnlineHashCrack
Interested in password cracking or cryptography? Check this out. HashTag.py is a tool written in python which parses and identifies various password hashes based on their type. HashTag was inspired by attending PasswordsCon 13 in Las Vegas, KoreLogic's 'Crack Me If You Can' competition at Defcon, and the research of iphelix and his toolkit PACK (password analysis and cracking kit). HashTag supports the identification of over 250 hash types along with matching them to over 110 hashcat modes. HashTag is able to identify a single hash, parse a single file and identify the hashes within it, or traverse a root directory and all subdirectories for potential hash files and identify any hashes found.
One of the biggest aspects of this tool is the identification of password hashes. The main attributes I used to distinguish between hash types are character set (hexadecimal, alphanumeric, etc.), hash length, hash format (e.g. 32 character hash followed by a colon and a salt), and any specific substrings (e.g. '$1$'). A lot of password hash strings can't be identified as one specific hash type based on these attributes. For example, MD5 and NTLM hashes are both 32 character hexadecimal strings. In these cases I make an exhaustive list of possible types and have the tool output reflect that. During development I created an excel spreadsheet which contains much of the hash information which can be found here or here.
Usage: HashTag.py {-sh hash |-f file |-d directory} [-o output_filename] [-hc] [-n]
Note: When identifying a single hash on *nix operating systems remember to use single quotes to prevent interpolation. (e.g. python HashTag.py -sh '$1$abc$12345')
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-sh SINGLEHASH, --singleHash SINGLEHASH Identify a single hash
-f FILE, --file FILE Parse a single file for hashes and identify them
-d DIRECTORY, --directory DIRECTORY Parse, identify, and categorize hashes within a directory and all subdirectories
-o OUTPUT, --output OUTPUT Filename to output full list of all identified hashes
--file default filename: HashTag/HashTag_Output_File.txt
--directory default filename: HashTag/HashTag_Hash_File.txt
-hc, --hashcatOutput --file: Output a file per different hash type found, if corresponding hashcat mode exists
--directory: Appends hashcat mode to end of separate files
-n, --notFound --file: Include unidentifiable hashes in the output file. Good for tool debugging (Is it Identifying properly?)
Identify a single hash (-sh):
HashTag.py -sh $1$MtCReiOj$zvOdxVzPtrQ.PXNW3hTHI0
HashTag.py -sh 7026360f1826f8bc
HashTag.py -sh 3b1015ccf38fc2a32c18674c166fa447
Parsing and identifying hashes from a file (-f):
HashTag.py -f testdir\street-hashes.10.txt -hc
Here is the output file. Each identified hash outputs the hash, char length, hashcat modes (if found) , and possible hash types:
Using the -hc/--hashcat argument we get a file for each hash type if a corresponding hashcat mode is found. This makes the process of cracking hashes with hashcat much easier as you immediately have the mode and input file of hashes:
Output from a file with many different hash types (the filenames are hashcat modes and inside are all hashes of that type):
Traversing Directories and Identifying Hashes (-d):
HashTag.py -d ./testdir -hc
The output consists of three main things:
 - Folders containing copies of potentially password protected files. This makes it easy to group files based on extension and attempt to crack them.
 - HashTag default files - A listing of all hashes, password protected files the tool doesn't recognize, and hashes the tool can't identify (good for tool debugging).
 - Files for each identified hash type - each file contains a list of hashes. The -hc/--hashcat argument will append the hashcat mode (if found) to the filename.
Resources: Quite a bit of research went into the difference between password hash types. During this research I found a script called Hash Identifier which was actually included in one of the Backtrack versions. After looking it over I feel my tool has a lot more functionality, efficiency, and accuracy. My other research ranged from finding different hash examples to generating my own hashes via the passlib module. I would like to give credit to the following resources which all had some impact in the creation of this tool.
_URL_
_URL_
_URL_
_URL_
As always, if you see any coding errors, false assumptions (hash identification), or have constructive criticism please contact me. Hope you like it!
11 comments:
 1. #!/usr/bin/python is very much wrong: python almost never exists in /usr/bin and usually exists in /usr/local/bin.
 #!/usr/bin/env python is better. This assumes it functions with python 2 both 2 and 3. For just python 3 use #!/usr/bin/env python3
 ReplyDelete
 Replies
 1. this comment is very much wrong. modern linux distributions started aggregating binaries in /usr/bin.
 $> which python
 /usr/bin/python
 however the env method should be considered.
 Delete
 2. Just to nitpick - see the first image; he's running this on WinX in cmd.exe which means the shebang path is ignored, though python will read any shebang line flags/parameters that are set.
 Delete
 2. this guy goes out of his way to write this and you bitch about his first line of code...fuck you bob.
 Awesome job btw I hate having to remember hash cats syntax
 ReplyDelete
 3. In the your first case study, there is an error as following...
 MacBook-Air:hashtag v0n$ python HashTag.py -sh $1$MtCReiOj$zvOdxVzPtrQ.PXNW3hTHI0
 Hash not found: .PXNW3hTHI0
 MacBook-Air:hashtag v0n$
 ReplyDelete
 Replies
 1. thk for the script !
 but i have the same error with cygwin :
 xx@yy ~$ python
 Python 2.7.5 (default, Oct 2 2013, 22:34:09)
 [GCC 4.8.1] on cygwin
 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
 >>>
 [1]+ Stopped python
 xx@yy ~$ python HashTag.py -sh $1$MtCReiOj$zvOdxVzPtrQ.PXNW3hTHI0
 Hash not found: .PXNW3hTHI0
 Delete
 2. Thanks for the feedback. This only occurs on linux systems depending on the input. Just use single uninterpolated single quotes around the hash.
 Example:
 python HashTag.py -sh '$1$MtCReiOj$zvOdxVzPtrQ.PXNW3hTHI0'
 _URL_
 Delete
 3. thank you ! it's perfect with single quotes
 :)
 Delete
 4. Thanks for creating this and sharing! Very useful :)
 ReplyDelete
 5. This is awesome. Thanks for taking the time.
 ReplyDelete


text:
The ecological alcove abstraction is actual important in ecology. But what a alcove looks like is adequately abstract. Now, for the aboriginal time, Wageningen and British advisers accept accurately visualised this. The ecologists accept been able to actuate the position of fourteen angle breed in accord to their aliment in a four-dimensional aliment diagram. Their beat assignment was appear in this month's affair of the accurate account Abstruse Ecology.
The ecological 'niche' abstraction was aboriginal acclimated in 1927 by the acclaimed beastly ecologist Joseph Grinnell. He authentic the alcove of an beastly as its abode in the biological ambiance and its interactions with aliment and enemies. The abstraction that the ecological role of animals is bent by their position in an abstruse 'niche space' has back aggressive abounding ecologists.
More than eighty years afterwards Grinnell's formulation, Leo Nagelkerke of Wageningen University and Axel Rossberg of the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) in Lowestoft (UK) accept fabricated it accessible to admeasurement this alcove amplitude in accurate agreement for a baddest accumulation of angle species: the barbs in Lake Tana in Northern Ethiopia (see diagram).
The advisers actuate the position in the diagram from the characteristics of both the angle and their food. The diagram shows that the angle breed 'Cr' (Labeobarbus crassibarbis) is aing to the aliment blazon 'benthic invertebrates (small bottom-dwelling animals) and algae'. The appropriate 'Barbel' (the breadth of the bristles a the mouth) is awful developed in this angle breed and antecedent analysis has, in fact, apparent that barbels are important to eat this blazon of food. The aliment itself has a actual low account on the appropriate 'Pelagic' (swimming in the baptize column), which is actual for bottom-dwellers.
Visualising an ecological alcove is an important footfall in bringing calm abstruse and abstruse anatomy and observations from the field. Leo Nagelkerke from Wageningen University says that this adjustment can advice to analyze and assure breed that accept a different aliment niche. According to Axel Rossberg of Cefas a lot of ecologists accept been alive on the anatomy of the aliment alcove and the position of breed aural it for a continued time. "Using this new imaging address we can acknowledgment questions of this affectionate via absolute observations."
Explore further: Different new dataset CLIMBER: Climatic alcove characteristics of the collywobbles in Europe
More information: Nagelkerke, L.A.J. & Rossberg, A.G. (2014) Trophic niche-space imaging, application ability and customer traits. Abstruse Ecology. DOI: 10.1007/s12080-_PHONE_-5
The Five Secrets You Will Never Know About Concrete Column Interaction Diagram | Concrete Column Interaction Diagram – concrete column interaction diagram
| Encouraged to my blog site, in this occasion I am going to show you with regards to concrete column interaction diagram


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Part 3 is specific to each category of plant. This part contains the Practical Assessment information for the candidate and detailed requirements for the assessment.
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Step 2 The candidate should be advised of the qualification and Units to be undertaken along with the requirements for each Unit. The candidate then receives and completes the Candidate Application Pack (Part 2). This pack contains most of the material required by the candidate including the following: application form, record of employment form, qualifications/education form, employer endorsements and witness testimonies for each Unit.
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text:
Individual differences |
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |
Prehensility is the quality of an organ that has adapted for grasping or holding. Examples of prehensile body parts include the tails of New World monkeys and opossums, the trunks of elephants, the tongues of giraffes, the lips of horses and the proboscides of tapir. The hands of primates are all prehensile to varying degrees, and many species (even a few humans) have prehensile feet as well. The claws of cats are also prehensile. Many extant lizards have prehensile tails (geckos, chameleons, and a species of skink). The fossil record shows prehensile tails in lizards (Simiosauria) going back many million years to the Triassic period - Celeskey (2005).
Prehensile tails in animals such as monkeys are articulated and thus limited to some degree in flexibility. Zippel (1994) discovered that Corucia zebrata - underlined, the Solomon Islands monkey skink has a prehensile tail that has a snow cone muscle structure that is loosely attached to the vertebrate but has a sronger connection to an outer shealth. This makes the tail omnidirectional and give the monkey skink the means to move one part of its tail in one direction while the other remains rigid or moves in a different direction. This is often orchestrated in an angry male establishing territorial dominance.
Proboscises are evolutionary adaptations that have allowed species to have a great natural advantage for manipulating their environment for feeding, digging, and defense. It enables many specialized animals such as primates to use tools in order to complete tasks that would otherwise be impossible. For example, chimpanzees have the ability to use sticks to fish for termites and grubs.
The word is derived from the Latin term prehendere, meaning "to grasp."
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).|

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


What happends if urine or alchol get into your eyes?
i want pink eye what wi;; hapend if urine or alchohol gets in to my eyes
Pink eye is when you have feces particles in your eye.
So. do that? ROFL.
umm if you put alcohol in yer eye you'll dance blind. spray perfume in yer eyes, it'll make em look like youu own pink eye xD
It would probably sting badly. Alcohol does when you catch it on your skin (I think) and urine has uric acid.
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 - Diseases Conditions


nlevels(age_bucket) .
creating z-scores for subset of rows
No need for a loop in this case. Use vectorization, instead. Let's consider the following simulated data: (not sure it will reproduce exactly your dataset, but hopefully you'll get the general idea)
dfrm <- data.frame(cond=gl(2, 1, 100, labels=LETTERS[1:2]),
 user=gl(50, 2, labels=paste("id", 1:20, sep="")),
 sensitivity=runif(100, 1, 5))
Computing z-scores is as simple as
dfrm$z.sensitivity <- scale(dfrm$sensitivity)
If you want z-scores conditional on cond, then you can do either
with(dfrm, tapply(sensitivity, cond, scale))
or, using plyr,
ddply(dfrm, c("cond"), transform, sensitivity.z = scale(sensitivity))
How to subset out some alphabetically arranged columns from a dataframe?
You can try something like this
dfrm <- data.frame(replicate(26, rnorm(10)))
colnames(dfrm) <- paste("COL", LETTERS, sep="_")
which(substr(colnames(dfrm), 5, 6) %in% LETTERS[3:6])
The last expression returns column number that match the letters C to F. See also match, and this related thread: Get column index from label in a data frame.
Which set of python libraries i should learn for AI and Data mining stuff
In addition to the scikit cited by @aix, you might want to take a look at the following libraries:
I'll really second investigating orange capabilities which is a full-featured application for data mining, but you can call it from external scripts, see e.g. the Beginning with Orange tutorial to get an idea.
Is there any publications about how to use association rules as SVM feature?
Here are some articles that might be (or not) relevant to your question:
 1. Keivan Kianmehr and Reda Alhajj. Effective Classification by Integrating Support Vector Machine and Association Rule Mining. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2006, Volume 4224/2006, 920-927
 2. He et al. Extracting rule from SVM based on association rules, in Rule extraction from support vector machines (Ed. J Diederich), Springer, 2008
You may also want to google articles related to what is known as associative classification.
data.frame with a column containing a matrix in R
The result you got (2 rows x 3 columns) is what is to be expected from R, as it amounts to cbind a vector (id, with recycling) and a matrix (m).
IMO, it would be better to use list or array (when dimensions agree, no mix of numeric and factors values allowed), if you really want to bind different data structures. Otherwise, just cbind your matrix to an existing data.frame if both have the same number of rows will do the job. For example
x1 <- replicate(2, rnorm(10))
x2 <- replicate(2, rnorm(10))
x12l <- list(x1=x1, x2=x2)
x12a <- array(rbind(x1, x2), dim=c(10,2,2))
and the results reads
> str(x12l)
List of 2
 $ x1: num [1:10, 1:2] -0.326 0.552 -0.675 0.214 0.311 ...
 $ x2: num [1:10, 1:2] -0.164 0.709 -0.268 -1.464 0.744 ...
> str(x12a)
 num [1:10, 1:2, 1:2] -0.326 0.552 -0.675 0.214 0.311 ...
Lists are easier to use if you plan to use matrix of varying dimensions, and providing they are organized in the same way (for rows) as an external data.frame you can subset them as easily. Here is an example:
df1 <- data.frame(grp=gl(2, 5, labels=LETTERS[1:2]),
 age=sample(seq(25,35), 10, rep=T))
with(df1, tapply(x12l$x1[,1], list(grp, age), mean))
You can also use lapply (for list) and apply (for array) functions.
save align.plot()
Can't you just use grid.arrange() (instead of align.plot()), and use standard png device instead of ggsave() which expect ggplot objects?
dsamp <- diamonds[sample(nrow(diamonds), 1000), ]
p1 <- qplot(carat, price, data=dsamp, colour=clarity)
p2 <- qplot(carat, price, data=dsamp, colour=clarity, geom="path")
library(gridExtra)
png("a.png")
grid.arrange(p1, p2) # add ncol=2 to arrange as two-column
dev.off()
What javascript libraries can make a radial convergence graph?
Two top-notch libraries for data visualization are
Which packages make good use of S4 objects?
I would go for kernlab, which additionally includes a lot of C code.
It comes with an handy vignette, detailing some of S4 concepts. (It doesn't seem to use roxygen for the documentation, though, but this is not the question here.)
What is the best bioinformatics book for a computer scientist?
I would suggest Bioinformatics, from Polanski and Kimmel (Springer, 2007). Very good introductory material on statistics, computer science as applied in bioinformatics. It also covers the necessary grounds in computational biology.
How to plot a violin scatter boxplot (in R)?
Try the vioplot package:
library(vioplot)
vioplot(rnorm(100))
(with awful default color ;-)
There is also wvioplot() in the wvioplot package, for weighted violin plot, and beanplot, which combines violin and rug plots. They are also available through the lattice package, see ?panel.violin.
How to capture R text+image output into one file (html, doc, pdf etc)?
Well, I just remind that I was using Asciidoc for short reporting or editing webpage. Now there's an R plugin ( ascii on CRAN), which allows to embed R code into an asciidoc document. The syntax is quite similar to Markdown or Textile, so you'll learn it very fast.
Output are (X)HTML, Docbook, LaTeX, and of course PDF through one of the last two backends.
Unfortunately, I don't think you can wrap all your code into a single statement. However, it supports a large number of R objects, see below.
> methods(ascii)
 [1] ascii.anova* ascii.aov* ascii.aovlist* ascii.cast_df*
 [5] ascii.character* ascii.coxph* ascii.CrossTable* ascii.data.frame*
 [9] ascii.default* ascii.density* ascii.describe* ascii.describe.single*
[13] ascii.factor* ascii.freqtable* ascii.ftable* ascii.glm*
[17] ascii.htest* ascii.integer* ascii.list* ascii.lm*
[21] ascii.matrix* ascii.meanscomp* ascii.numeric* ascii.packageDescription*
[25] ascii.prcomp* ascii.sessionInfo* ascii.simple.list* ascii.smooth.spline*
[29] ascii.summary.aov* ascii.summary.aovlist* ascii.summary.glm* ascii.summary.lm*
[33] ascii.summary.prcomp* ascii.summary.survfit* ascii.summary.table* ascii.survdiff*
[37] ascii.survfit* ascii.table* ascii.ts* ascii.zoo*
 Non-visible functions are asterisked
Is there a way to access Stata from eclipse?
None that I know. If you're a CLI junky or willing to use Emacs, you might find limited support through the ESS package and the ado-mode. This is what I used on Mac


Blessed are trees
This was published 7 years ago
Blessed are trees
A new exhibition celebrates Canberra's woodland landscape, Sally Pryor writes.
By Writes
Jyll Bradley is momentarily stumped when I ask her to name her favourite treescape in Canberra.
Over the past three years, she has been back and forth between England and Canberra four times, and has spent, all up, almost six months here in the capital. Her preoccupation during her visits here has been, primarily, the trees - Canberra's tree layout, the people who planted them, the residents who love them, and the atmosphere they create. It's all part of a major art project commissioned as part of the city's Centenary celebrations; three years in the making, the multi-disciplinary display opens at the National Library this week.
British Artist Jyll Bradley was commissioned by the Centenary to create an installation City of Trees at the National Library, Canberra.
British Artist Jyll Bradley was commissioned by the Centenary to create an installation City of Trees at the National Library, Canberra.Credit:Melissa Adams
Its content has been kept under wraps until now, but its premise is simple: every tree has a human story to tell, and this is particularly the case in Canberra. The city grew up out of one million trees planted in what was once compared to a sheep paddock, and which now, 100 years later, is more like a forest with a city emerging through it.
And whether they know it or not, every resident of Canberra has a favourite treescape, even if they associate it more with the quality of the light that shines through the naked boughs of an inner-northern suburb in winter, the shade cast by an apple tree in the garden, or a strand of pines glimpsed on the parkway between Tuggeranong and Civic.
Think hard, and you'll work out which it is. After a moment or two, Bradley, who, after all, has made it her business to learn as much as she can about Canberra's trees, realises that she, too, has a favourite.
''I think mine are the York oaks just up by the Parliament,'' she says, referring to York Park oak plantation in Barton.
''I think that's a really profound space, where you see those lines of oaks and then when you look into it and research it, you talk to people and see how interesting it is in terms of the British trying to put the roots of democracy into Australia through the roots of the oak.''
Bradley - a soft-spoken Englishwoman - is not just betraying her allegiances; the York oaks do have a good story attached. The first in the park was planted, symbolically, by the then Duke of York in 1927, to mark the opening of Old Parliament House. More oaks were added during the Great Depression to create jobs for the many unemployed.
The historic plantation was neglected over the years and fell into disrepair; in 2004, Parliament House architect Romaldo Giurgola was invited to design a new landscape for them, which opened in 2011.
''And then the whole change of how life moves on and politics moves on, and people are still fighting. The staunch republicans I met were fighting for those oaks, even though they represent these indelible ties to the UK,'' she says.
''And also the fact that they're English oaks but with an Australian accent - they don't look like English oaks, they don't behave like English oaks at all.''
And she should know, of course. The London-based artist is the daughter of a forester and has long had an affinity with trees. When she met Robyn Archer several years ago in Britain, the creative director of the Centenary invited her to visit Canberra and respond to what she saw. Having never visited Australia before, and knowing next to nothing about Canberra, the first thing she noticed as she flew into the city was the landscape created by the trees.
Now, three years down the track, City of Trees, her multifaceted installation, is set to open. Giurgola is featured in there, reading poetry at the inauguration of the revitalised oaks, along with numerous other Canberra voices to add to the trees' presence.
She says one of the most satisfying aspects of the project has been the different people she has met along the way.
''This is my fourth trip, and in total I've probably spent about five or six months in Canberra. I know the trees, and more importantly, I know why the trees are here,'' she says.
''I think what's great about the whole project is that I've been able to meet people from so many different walks of life, for whom trees mean very different things. Aldo Giurgola will talk about how architecture makes form and trees make space, so he's really interested in how trees create space within a city. Then you'll talk to someone like a forester and they'll be talking about whether it's deciduous or whether it's evergreen and who planted it and why and the history of it. And then other people will talk about the spiritual side of it, so I've tried to capture all that, as well as the founding part of it.''
Showing the installation in the National Library is also a play on the theme.
''It's such amazing honour to show in a national library of a country, it's probably the highest honour for me, especially because I'm also a writer,'' she says.
''What I've really thought about as well is the space of the book, because books are made from many leaves which in turn is made from wood, from paper, and so you'll find in the exhibition lots of references to printing, to paper, to books. In a way you could say that you could read the exhibition … it's like entering the imaginative space of a book.''
All in all, visitors can expect ''a very kind of immersive and contemplative exhibition''.
''It's not your usual exhibition where there's stuff on display and it's sort of in a space. What I've tried to do is construct and create a space that will show the work and create a particular kind of atmosphere of contemplation, emotion, intrigue.''
It's the first time she's created an entire body of work clustered around a central theme. But the theme itself is multifaceted.
''It's not about trees - it's to do with the space that trees create,'' she says.
''I think trees create different spaces in life. They create a practical space in terms of architecture and how we move around the city. They also create an emotional space, they create a spiritual space … and imaginative spaces as well, and in that regard I'm trying to echo that sentiment, if you like, within the exhibition.''
The show runs until October, and Bradley hopes visitors will spend more than a few minutes in the space.
''I say take time, book a couple of hours out of your busy life, come and spend time in the space, and it will be very, very rewarding.''
City of Trees is at the National Library until October 7.
Most Viewed in Culture


text:
In conjunction with World Children's Day which takes place on Nov 20, Unicef and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), supported by EcoKnights, has released a report entitled Change for Climate: National Youth Climate Change Survey.
In the report, the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of youth towards climate change are revealed. 92% of young people think that climate change is a crisis. Nine in 10 youth in Malaysia have experienced environment and climate-related effects in the last three years.
"Instead of watching sea levels rise, youth should rise up, lead the movement, and stir the waves of change for a better tomorrow. Humans are the root of the problem, but we can also be the solution for change," says University of Malaya law student and member of the Malaysian Youth Delegation Toh Zhee Qi, 22.
The report, which surveys 1,393 youth in Malaysia, recommends that youth be included in the process of making climate policies through regular consultations; youth from rural and lower income families be encouraged to participate in climate action by moving the conversation beyond urban centres; and indigenous youth activists, community groups and civil society organisations that are leading climate action initiatives be recognised and offered a platform and support.
UNDP Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei Darussalam resident representative Niloy Banerjee says: "The way we engage young people today on critical issues like the climate will determine the prospects for our planet and for sustainable development."
"Youth bring with them an incredible drive and commitment to change things for the better. We must utilise their potential as powerful agents of change, involve and empower them in the development of policies, and support their participation in climate action at all levels," says Banerjee.
Youth-led initiatives have played an important role in addressing the climate crisis, and there is a need to cultivate an environment for youth empowerment.
"Young people have been telling us that they are concerned about the environment. This World Children's Day, we must listen and we must include them in the decisions that shape our shared future," says Unicef Malaysia representative Dr Rashed Mustafa Sarwar.
The survey also reveals some barriers towards doing something about climate change.
Young people say that a climate-friendly lifestyle is expensive, and that they need more information and knowledge on what they can do to tackle climate change.
Some also do not think their individual actions can make a difference, which may lead to discouragement and indifference.
"Youth are the voices of the future, and the stakes are higher for them as they are the ones who will face the consequences of the climate crisis if nothing is actively done to reverse it," says EcoKnights programme director Fadly Bakhtiar.
To launch the Change for Climate report with the National Youth Climate Change Survey, a youth dialogue entitled "Youth Talks! Climate Change" will take place on World Children's Day (Nov 20) at 8pm online. This will be streamed live on Unicef Malaysia's Facebook page.
The youth-led dialogue on climate action and environmental justice will provide a platform for youth to share their experiences in addressing climate change, and launch a call to action mobilising youth to participate in the climate action agenda.
The dialogue panelists are Tonibung assistant manager Joe Baxter Bernard, MyHutan campaigner Aidil Iman, EcoKnights Project Vocal Celine Ng, and Ministry of Environment and Water Climate Change Division's Climate Change Policy and Negotiation Unit senior assistant secretary Muhammad Ridzwan bin Ali, with Toh as moderator.


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Dairy farmers have been using refrigeration compressors for years to lower the temperature of milk that is harvested to an appropriate storage temperature. The milk must be maintained at that temperature until it is picked up and transported to the dairy. Refrigeration compressors like the Copeland 3D, 4D, and 6D models or Bitzer's 4GE and 6FE models work exceptionally well. Carrier O6E and O6D models are also efficient. All three brands offer reciprocating compressors that cool the milk to the appropriate temperature.
Maintaining the Right Temperature
In order for freshly harvested milk to keep from spoiling, refrigeration compressors are used to lower the temperature after the heat has been extracted. Once the milk passes through the heat extractor and the temperature has been dramatically reduced, it passes through the coolant system that is powered by the refrigeration compressor. Reciprocating compressors are most commonly used because they can compress the coolant rather quickly and bring the milk to the proper temperature in a short amount of time.
Maximizing Their Potential
In order for a refrigeration compressor to be used to its fullest potential, it's essential that it be well-maintained and serviced as required by the manufacturer. It's also essential that the right size compressor is used for the operation. Refrigeration heat recovery units, or RHR, allow the entire process to be more efficient. Water that is used to lower the temperature of the milk before it reaches the refrigeration compressor, can be collected instead of allowed to run down the drain.
By collecting the water, it can be transferred to where it is needed the most. In some cases, it can be sent to the pens to water the cows or it can be used for cleaning. Cows consume large amounts of water to support their milk production. Making the water readily available by sending it from the RHR directly to the pens makes it easy for them to get what they need. To make maximize your operation's full potential, it's important that every aspect of the process be as productive as possible. In addition to energy efficiency, this also means streamlining the process and minimizing the amount of waste generated on a daily basis.
Energy Efficiency Is a Must
When it comes to energy efficiency, there are several ways to keep the system functioning at its best. First and foremost, keeping the system clean. When it comes to the refrigeration compressor, the coils must be checked regularly to ensure there is no dirt build-up. Cleaning them as often as necessary will allow the compressor to run at maximum efficiency at all times. It's also important to monitor the level of coolant. If you can see that it is getting low, make sure to have it serviced. Having it recharged will prevent the system from having to work harder to produce the same result.
Set up your system so that any heat recovered from the milk cooling compressors is diverted directly to the hot water heater or to the watering system for the animals. By diverting it to the hot water system, you reduce the amount of energy needed to keep the water hot. The money you spend on installing the specialized plumbing will save you more than enough to pay for the entire system over its lifespan.
The refrigeration compressor that farmers use, be it a reciprocating, scroll or discus type, will have a direct impact on their production and the energy efficiency of their operation. Understanding how each system works and how they can be used to increase efficiency in other areas will allow you to streamline your business and save money on energy costs in the process.


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A Polje is a large flat-bottomed valley feature of limestone regions formed by prolonged dissolution. The Carron Polje is the largest enclosed depression in Ireland, with an area of approximately 4.5 square kilometres. The "disappearing lake" or Turlough is the most noticeable part of the Polje.
The depression began forming several millions of years ago when overlying shale layers were eroded and rainwater began the slow process of dissolving the underlying limestone. As erosion continued and the depression grew, insoluble components of the limestone accumulated and formed an impermeable layer over the limestone, this prevented further downward dissolution and encouraged the lateral widening of the depression giving us the flat-bottomed feature we see today.
The disappearing lake or Turlough is the most obvious part of the Polje. After significant rainfall the bottom of the valley fills with water to form a lake. The only outlet to drain the water is through a small natural karst fissure in the limestone at the southern margin of the lake. This can get blocked by mud or other debris and drains slowly. If there is no significant rainfall the water will drain and the lake will disappear only to fill again after more rain. During dry periods the lake floor is grazed by cattle.
Despite the relatively high amount of rainfall (>1000mm per year) there is only one small surface river in the Burren. This is because soil is very thin or absent and the limestone has been karstified, so deep fissures carry the surface water underground very quickly. These fissures form a complex network and sometimes form conduits that can transport water long distances very quickly. The water that flows underground from the end of the Carron Tulough is known to emerge 6km to the south near Kilnaboy. This makes the Burrren particularly vulnerable to water pollution.


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On the meteorological characteristics of polluted air masses at Barrow, Alaska
- Cite this article as:
- Raatz, W.E. PAGEOPH (1982) 120: 662. doi:10.1007/BF00876651
- 36 Downloads
Anthropogenic derived pollution episodes at Barrow, Alaska occur when air masses under anticyclonic influence emanate from the Arctic Basin. The high frequency of above-normal wind speeds and the only slightly above-normal pressures characteristic of these Arctic air masses suggest that pollutants are transported to Barrow along the periphery of the Arctic anticyclone within a zone of rapid transport.


Writing a Sefer Torah
Everyone must write a Torah Scroll
Sages derive from the above verse that every Jew is commanded to write a Torah scroll, a commandment that can be fulfilled by writing a single letter of a complete scroll.
Writing our Holy Script
The Torah may be written only in Ketav Ashurit meaning "Exalted Script." This refers to a special calligraphy that has been transmitted from generation to generation for the specific use of writing Sifrei Torah, Tefillin, and Mezuzot.
Preparing the Parchment
The parchment needs to be processed for the sake of the sanctitiy of making a Sefer Torah. The best parchment is finished to a soft white velvety texture. As the wet ink dries, it attaches itself to the parchment as roots of a tree do to the soil. Parchments written in this manner can last many hundreds of years.
Using Beautiful Sofer's Ink
The ink needs to be durable, but not indelible. It was originally made from a mixture of soot, gallnut juice, the sap of a tree, honey or pomegranate juice. Today, most Sofers make ink by boiling crushed gallnuts together with gum arabic and copper sulfate. Carbon is also added at times, allowing the ink to dry to a deep shiny black. The shiny black ink on the white parchment alludes to the Torah being given as "black fire on white fire."
Using a Quill or Reed
It was taught: R. Shimon b. Elazar says: the altar was created to prolong one's years, and the sword, to shorten them. Therefore, the shortener may not be lifted over the lengthener (Mechilta).
Likewise, a Sefer Torah is intended to bring Life and Peace to the world. Since metal is used to make instruments of war, we abstain from using anything that could be remotely associated with war in the making of our Holy Torah. Sefaradim and Ashkenazim. When writing a Sefer Torah, Sefaradim have traditionally used a reed while Ashkenazim use a quill. The Zohar Hakadosh tells us that the reed was created for writing. With regards to the use of a quill, the important thing is that it comes from a kosher bird such as a turkey or goose.
Preparing to write The Torah
The importance of Pure Thoughts
Just as our forefathers cleansed themselves physically and spiritually to receive the Torah at Mount Sinai, the Sofer needs to prepare himself before writing. He does so by immersing in a mikveh and developing pure and proper thoughts. After immersing in the mikveh, the Sofer must begin his writing by saying the following meditation: "I am hereby writing this Scroll of the Torah for the sake of the holiness of the Torah." If the scribe does not have this in mind, the Torah scroll may be very beautiful, but it is not a kosher Sefer Torah. As such, it needs to be entombed.
Having the proper Intention
Writing Hashem's Holy Name is the most momentous part of writing a Sefer Torah. The Scribe must direct his heart and mind with purity and declare that he is writing each Name for the sake of the sanctity of The Name. If a mistake is done in writing Hashem's name, it cannot be corrected. That particular section of the Torah must be given a dignified burial and entombed.
Throughout all our generations, great care was taken to preserve our Holy Torah exactly as it was given by Moses. Since every Torah must be letter perfect, it must be carefully copied from another scroll or Tikun. Like Moses, the Sofer must repeat every word out loud before writing it down, so as to insure accuracy in copying. This was also the custom among the prophets as seen from when Baruch the scribe wrote down the words of Jeremiah.
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Today's Machining World Archive: March 2007, Vol.3, Issue 03
Dear Shop Doc,
We are a job shop manufacturing turned parts on screw machines and CNC lathes for a variety of customers and industries. On parts with multiple diameters some customers call out a concentricity specification. Others will use run-out and some show a position requirement. Aren't they really all asking for the same thing? Why do they say it three ways, and can they be used interchangeably?
Call of Confusion
Concentricity, run-out and position are all methods that can be used to control the "coaxiality" of part features. "Concentricity" is still a term commonly used by designers and machinists when describing how much deviation is allowed between coaxial diameters. There are however, significant and sometimes critical differences between the three terms as described in the current standard ASME Y14.5M-1994. This standard has been adopted by the Department of Defense and the majority of companies in the pubic domain. It is generally recognized as the last-word regarding dimensioning and tolerancing issues in the USA.
Regarding "concentricity," the standard specifies that the median points of all diametrically opposed elements are on the axis of a datum feature. The standard does not say that the features have to be circular or that there is any rotation around the datum axis. This means that this control can apply to any shape feature such as an ellipse, rectangle, square, etc. The measuring method used is generally very complicated and usually not necessary. In most cases concentricity may be what the designer is asking for but is not the appropriate control for turned parts.
The "run-out" definition states that there is "rotation about an axis." It also mentions that the tolerance can be expressed as "full indicator movement." From the designer's perspective, run-out is usually the proper control for rotating applications such as a pulley on a shaft. From a manufacturing perspective, run-out has the advantage of being checked with simple and low cost measuring equipment. When you are rotating a part on a pin or in a collet fixture and sweeping a diameter with a dial indicator, you are in fact checking run-out, not concentricity.
"Position" is usually the least used of the three controls but has many advantages in both design and manufacturing. When defining position, the standard talks about the "actual mating envelope" of the features. This means that the size of the feature can also be considered in the equation. A good application for position would be two or more internal diameters that assemble to a mating part with outside diameters. If the design intent only requires the part to assemble without interference, this control is a good choice. A position control allows you to use a simple "hard" gage that simulates the mating part. It also allows you to play with the relationship between size and coaxiality. It is then possible to take advantage of the things your process does well (size control on a CNC) and get some relief on the things you have less control over (run-out between two chuckings). If you understand the function of the part and have a dialog with your customer, suggest position as a possible alternative to concentricity or run-out for these applications
Eagle Comtronics, Liverpool NY


Human Resources
A promotion is the advancement of a staff employee into a position that has significantly more responsibility, requires more advanced skills, and has greater decision-making authority. Generally, a promotion occurs on the date that the employee assumes the new role.
There is no amount that is standard for a salary increase in conjunction with a promotion. The amount of a promotion increase depends on the employee's current salary, as well as the salary of the new position. In rare cases, if an employee is already well-compensated, there may be no promotion increase to salary.
Salary increases that are not due to promotion, merit, or across-the-board rarely occur.


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The EU has adopted the 13th package of sanctions against Russia
The 13th package of sanctions aimed by the European Union against Russia enters into force on the second anniversary of the war in Ukraine that Russia started. The latest package expands sanctions against individuals and entities. New export sanctions concern especially components used in the development and production of drones.
The 13th package of sanctions aimed by the European Union against Russia enters into force on the second anniversary of the full-scale war of attack in Ukraine that Russia started. The new sanctions package focuses especially on individuals and entities. The list of sanctions now include new entities whose activities are deemed as supporting the war of attack by Russia.
As for exports, the list of sanctions now includes new products that can be used in supporting Russia's military and technological capability, or in developing Russia's defence and security sector. In particular, sanctions now cover components relating to the development and production of unmanned aerial vehicles, or drones. Lists of sanctioned exports also include products that could serve Russia's industrial capacity. For example, newly sanctioned products include various semiconductor devices, electronic integrated circuits, certain cameras and optical equipment, certain electrical conductor devices, as well as electronic components.
The new EU sanctions are included in the Official Journal of the European Union on 23 February 2024.
Finnish Customs press release (21 February 2024): Two years of war in Ukraine – Finnish Customs has started more than 740 preliminary investigations relating to breaches against sanction


Why become a Child'Space practitioner?
The way in which infants perceive, organise and process information directly affects the development of movement skills and the way they relate to their environment.
Monitoring and supporting an infant on this critical journey influences his physical, social, emotional and cultural adjustments throughout his life.
In recent years a growing number of children are requiring special education services, even as early as kindergarten.
Early intervention and stimulation of a child's primary developmental pathways can prevent or alleviate some of the manifestations of impaired development that many in our society are experiencing.
This is why we've developed a two-year training program to teach people to become an official Child'Space practitioner.
Manuel Reetz
Manuel Reetz Feldenkrais practitioner
As a Feldenkrais practitioner my daily business is movement. I thought, that I have a good understanding about movement and patterns. Child'Space offers for me a new point of view for movement. Babies are playing with gravity as a very new thing in their life. Grown-up persons know gravity, but have no awareness of it and of their patterns dealing with it.
So Child'Space is bringing me back to my roots and let me experience movement from a baby's point of view while playing with gravity. A very big adventure.
Child'Space graduates report that, in addition to their new professional skills of working with babies and parents/caregivers, the Training Program has deepened and broadened their understanding of the theoretical roots and structure of the Feldenkrais Method, improved their FI (Functional Integration/individual lessons) and ATM (Awareness Through Movement) skills, and sharpened their observation skills concerning the connection between movement, emotions and cognitive development.


TIP 121: Controlled Application Shutdown via Tcl_Exit
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FlightAware bounty program for improvements to Tcl and certain Tcl packages.
Author: Joe Mistachkin <_EMAIL_>
State: Final
Type: Project
Vote: Done
Created: 05-Dec-2002
Post-History:
Tcl-Version: 8.5
Abstract
This TIP will allow all applications to perform a controlled shutdown (or do nothing) in the event that Tcl_Exit() is called.
Rationale
For most applications written in C that use Tcl, calling the runtime exit() function is normally a reasonable way to shutdown the application. Unfortunately, this is not always the case. Applications written in other languages (and very complex C applications) may have very specific application shutdown requirements. This is especially true in multi-threaded environments. The problem is further compounded by extensions that use Tcl_Exit.
Versus Exit Handlers
There are distinct advantages to using this method instead of using normal exit handlers in some cases. The normal exit handler cannot defer (or in an emergency, prevent) the application shutdown because Tcl_Finalize() has already been called. From the perspective of the exit handler, we have no way of knowing what other exit handlers have been called and/or their subsystems destroyed. In addition, even if it could somehow cause Tcl_Finalize() to defer the application shutdown, some or all of the other exit handlers may have already been executed, which would leave the application in an inconsistent state. This relatively simple change allows the programmer to get control very early during the application shutdown process.
Proposed Changes
First, this TIP proposes a new Tcl API function called Tcl_SetExitProc() or something similar. This function accepts a Tcl_ExitProc pointer and returns a Tcl_ExitProc pointer. The return value is the old exit proc pointer.
Second, the Tcl_Exit() Tcl API function would be modified to allow for the handler to be called.
Third, the documentation for Tcl_Exit() would be updated to include Tcl_SetExitProc() and a warning that any custom exit proc should NOT return.
Tcl_SetExitProc
Tcl_ExitProc *
Tcl_SetExitProc(proc)
 Tcl_ExitProc *proc; /* new exit handler for app or NULL */
{
 Tcl_ExitProc *prevExitProc; /* return prev exit handler to caller */
 Tcl_MutexLock(&exitMutex);
 prevExitProc = appExitPtr; /* get old app exit ptr */
 appExitPtr = proc; /* set new app exit ptr */
 Tcl_MutexUnlock(&exitMutex);
 return prevExitProc;
}
Tcl_Exit
void
Tcl_Exit(status)
 int status; /* Exit status for application; typically
 * 0 for normal return, 1 for error return. */
{
 Tcl_ExitProc *currentAppExitPtr;
 Tcl_MutexLock(&exitMutex);
 currentAppExitPtr = appExitPtr;
 Tcl_MutexUnlock(&exitMutex);
 if (currentAppExitPtr) {
 /***********************************************************/
 /* WARNING: This code SHOULD NOT return, as there is code */
 /* that depends on Tcl_Exit never returning. */
 /***********************************************************/
 currentAppExitPtr((ClientData) status);
 } else {
 Tcl_Finalize();
 TclpExit(status);
 }
 Tcl_Panic ("exitProc returned!");
}
Example
void MyAppExitProc(ClientData clientData)
{
 /* #1. Perform application specific shutdown code... */
 /* #2. Wait for other threads to gracefully shutdown... */
 exit(0);
 return; /* We should never get here. */
}
 ... sometime during application initialization ...
 /* from this point on MyAppExitProc will handle Tcl_Exit requests */
 Tcl_SetExitProc(MyAppExitProc);
 ... optionally, sometime later ...
 /* from this point on the old (default) handling will be used */
 Tcl_SetExitProc(NULL);
Reference Implementation
A patch that implements everything suggested in this TIP is available at the URL:
_URL_
Consequences
There is no change for current users of the Tcl_Exit() function, including the [exit] command, if Tcl_SetExitProc() is never called explicitly by the application.
Copyright
This document is hereby placed in the public domain.


John Wheeler
John Wheeler and the Golden Age of General Relativity
John Wheeler and the Golden Age of General Relativity
On July 9, 1911, American theoretical physicist John Archibald Wheeler was born. Wheeler worked with Niels Bohr in explaining the basic principles behind nuclear fission as well as with Albert Einstein, with whom he tried to achieve Einstein's vision of a unified field theory. He is also known for popularizing the term black hole, and for coining the terms quantum foam, and wormhole. Background John Wheeler John Archibald Wheeler grew up in a Unitarian…
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Japan's new ¥15 trillion ($157 billion USD) economic stimulus plan has a serious focus on green energy.
Japan, suffering through its worst recession since the second world war, is finally starting to make some moves on renewable energy. The stimulus plan will promote the start of mass production of electric vehicles within the next three years. Solar power also receives a huge boost through the stimulus package. The government plans on increasing Japan's solar current solar capacity, 1.42 million kilowatts, twenty-fold.
For many observers, these "green" moves by Japan are a long time in the making. According to an HSBC report, until now, Japan has only allotted 2.6% of its total spending for climate change measures. The United States and China, on the other hand, have each pledged 12% and 34% of their total spending to climate change initiatives.
Read the full story at the Guardian: Japan goes green with £100bn economic recovery
Energy Boom content is for informational purposes only and is not intended to be advice regarding the investment merits of, or a recommendation regarding the purchase or sale of, any security identified on, or linked through, this site.


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Antioxidant and G-6-PD level: A differential means of stress management in professional female load bearers in Bengal suburbs
Load bearing often produces oxidative stress, increasing post exercise "Malon-Di- Aldehyde" (MDA) levels. An attempt has been made to correlate the antioxidant vitamin mixture supplementation, endurance capacity, allied physiological parameters and blood glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) level as a crucial marker of performance related oxidative stress management in professional female load bearers. Three experimental groups A, B and placebo, each consisting of ten female workers (18-21 years), were chosen. Group A was given 400 mg of vitamin E supplementation daily, while Group B was given a clinical mixture of vitamin E, vitamin C and b- carotene daily in capsular form for a period of 28 days. The exercise- induced hike in the status of serum MDA, was found to rise less significantly with vitamin supplementation. Further study showed that the supplementation was instrumental in reducing the basal MDA level. Endurance capacity, determined by bicycle ergometric method, was increased more significantly (p<.001) in group B than group A (p<.01), and first minute recovery heart rate decreased significantly (p<.05) in both groups. G-6- PD level was shown to increase more significantly (p<.01) with antioxidant vitamin mixture supplementation than with vitamin E supplementation singly (p<.05) in professional female load bearers.
Keywords: Antioxidant, G-6-PD, stress, female load-bearers.


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Real Numbers for a LEED for Homes Indiana Success Story
The Gulyas residence in Bloomington, Indiana was one of the first homes in Indiana to receive LEED for Homes Platinum certification. Through the use of passive house techniques and additional sustainable design strategies this project easily met and surpassed the criteria for LEED.
A home energy metric measuring energy per square foot calculation and spreadsheet was created by Allison Bailes III, PhD, to help effectively measure electric and gas usage in a house. AES used this spreadsheet on this project to help get an idea of how efficient the Gulyas residence is. The number of kilowatt hours per year for electric (no gas is used) at the Gulyas residence is 6,675, which averages to 556.25 kilowatt hours per month. The cost per year in 2011 was $960.07, averaging to $80.011 per month for all energy heating, cooling & electricity. The spreadsheet also contains a helpful key which describes the efficiency of the house in terms of kilowatt hour per square foot per year. Anything less than 5 is considered "super-efficient" and anything above 20 is considered an "energy hog." The Gulyas residence uses 4 kilowatt hours per square foot per year, describing it as super-efficient. Click here for Gulyas' actual electric bill for the past two years.
In terms of water use, AES contacted the City of Bloomington Utilities Department to find out the average water use per household in the city. Each person uses approximately 2,500 gallons of water per month, which equals 2.5 units (1,000 gallons equals 1 unit). This means that the average 2-person household uses 5 units of water per month, which is substantially higher than the Gulyas residence, which uses approximately 2 water units per month. Click here to view the Gulyas residence water bill for the past two years.
The Gulyas house is still a work in progress. Gulyas prioritized energy conservation technologies in the envelope design of the house, and integrated a separate ducted ERV system for exceptional air quality and energy conservation. He also plans to install a low voltage cable lighting system throughout the open areas of the house, which will have high output 12v LED mr16s. The new products have a very high color rendition index (CRI) in a variety of color temperatures, making it realistic to create very high quality lighting design while using a fraction of the energy of halogen (8-9 watts per lamp would be used as opposed to 50 watts). Gulyas would also like to implement rainwater harvesting system, as well as a photovoltaic and/or solar thermal system.
In summary, the statistics regarding the Gulyas residence are impressive. He has implemented a variety of energy saving approaches and is looking toward the future to implement additional technologies to create a home that is even more efficient. Stay tuned to find out what new developments take place as the Gulyas house progresses.
Read more on the project profile here.
This post originally appeared on the Alliance for Environmental Sustainability website.
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Pavlovnia (Latin Paulównia, the Pavlovian family) or Adam's tree is a perennial tall (up to 15-20 m in height) and a fast-growing deciduous plant with very large leaves (from 20 cm to 50 cm) and beautiful fragrant inflorescences (up to 30-50 cm length) of soft purple (sometimes white) colors.
Distributed in North America, Europe and Asia as a valuable garden and park culture for regions with a warm and humid climate. And recently, with the search for alternative energy sources, it has gained great popularity as a raw material in bioenergetics. The growth rate of the tree outruns all existing woody plants in the world, and already at the age of 8 to 9, its wood reaches full maturity. The leaves of paulownia are also unique in their chemical composition. They contain up to 20% proteins (proteins), taste characteristics remind of greens of alfalfa, clover, and therefore are a valuable food in livestock. Can be used for salads. In addition, they are able to absorb 10 times more carbon dioxide than the leaves of ordinary trees.
The motherland of the tree is China, where the plant is known as the Dragon tree and is widely used not only in folk medicine, but also in pharmaceuticals.