User Research at Instacart
Updated: Jan 3, 2020
Written by: Larry Goodfellow
Smarter Decisions
In a recent article entitled User Research at Instacart the author Dave Hora looks at the power of targeted research. For those who don't know, Instacart is an Internet-based grocery delivery service that promises to deliver your groceries within an hour. They deliver from Costco, Whole Foods, Target and more. The company is valued at close to 2 billion dollars and in 2015 Forbes magazine named it The Most Promising Company in America. Hora was the Senior User Researcher at Instacart and in his article he examines how targeted research can benefit user experience and design. He states, "If you're delivering software or services to people, targeted research will make your work better. You'll make smarter decisions, less unnecessary failures, and form robust strategy earlier in the design process." We believe this is true, as the clients we provide market research online community software often comment that their decisions are more informed and impactful due to the data collected. In his article Hora breaks down user research, and why it saves money, and how his company Instacart, conducts user research.
So what is user research? According to Hora the core is "asking questions, observing people and interpreting the output. It serves specific goals and doesn't aim to generate knowledge on its own." Applied research is asking well-formed questions to help business, customers and partners. This can be expanded down to design research which seeks to answer people's understanding of life goals and behaviours. This helps to create a picture of your customer and shoppers. Then there is usability research which ensures the testing of your product which can mitigate risk before launching, and highlights weaknesses in your product. While the former two look at specific areas in your company, service research looks at the company overall. Service research helps make sense of your company as a whole, from "customer, shopper, and operational points of view." The next is market research which looks at customers responses to certain aspects of service. This looks at attitudes across various demographics and segments.
The Point of Research
What's the point of research? Hora writes that, "research signals a recognition that we don't understand everything, and a willingness to identify assumptions and blind spots before addressing them appropriately." He goes on to explain that research sets the ground work for every good project. It helps build understanding of your users, customers and gives you context of your overall business. To truly understand design, you need to understand the user's behaviour which can only come through inquiry and observation. This point of Hora's needs to be highlighted, because we countlessly hear an overabundance of confidence in management teams that seem to know their customer without doing proper research and engagement. This confidence is not built on facts but rather ego which will eventually fail.
A true knowledge and understanding of your customer can only come through repeated inquiry and observation. Without this knowledge you are bound to learn through trial and error which can be costly. With analytics and big data you can see what's happening but you can never be sure why it is happening the way it is, this is why we believe in qualitative research for online communities. Hora writes, "user research elicits the needs that aren't met — why did this design fail? Why is an early grocery delivery a painful customer experience? Why might shoppers circumvent a customer's contact preferences?"
Instacarts 4 Steps for Research
So what is Instacart's method for research? He breaks it down into four steps:
1. Form good questions
2. Observe, interview people
3. Analyze, synthesize data
4. Apply insights (and if this doesn't happen, your previous steps are a wash)
While research seems like common sense and the concept of testing, and letting go of preconceived ideas is obvious, you would be surprised how many companies test ideas with customers and still avoid making the necessary changes. Hora concludes his article by saying, "when you have questions or recognize uncertainty, don't force failure by holding on to assumptions or avoiding the issue. Be smart, and do your research." The whole point of research is to learn from people as they encounter your product, and try and figure out why they act or react the way they do.
While Instacart's services are unique, the concept of using research to constantly test services and software with customers is not new. We believe that Insightrix Communities is one of the best ways to continually test ideas and generate constant feedback to help solidify your product. Our reporting tools for online communities helps you to make sense of the data which helps you make informed decisions.
If you would like to find out more about how our software can help, feel free to contact us.
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text:
|This is an exciting opportunity for the Inorganic Research Chemist with 2+ year's experience, a strongly research driven and creative talent to develop new processes from the lab to pilot plant to production. Our client is a well-established mining company with state of the art lab equipment and processing facilities to deliver high-quality materials for a wide variety industrial and technology applications. Enjoy a high-end competitive salary, good health and welfare benefits, 401K, relocation assistance and fascinating professional activities in an environment that values innovation. |
- Develop, conduct, and report lab experiments to discover new processes to improve the way certain minerals are separated from ore.
- Help build pilot plants from successful lab scale experiments.
- Conduct research on established processes, products and technology and record findings.
- Responsible for a safe, orderly and well-equipped lab environment.
- Participate in the ISO 9002 and ISO 14000 Quality and Environmental management systems.
- BS or MS in Chemistry (emphasizing inorganic chemistry), Material Science or Metallurgy.
- 2+ year's experience in Process Development Chemistry.
- Knowledge of lab bench, pilot and plant scale testing
- Knowledge/experience with DOE and SPC.
- Ability to work independently in a collaborative work environment.
- Excellent oral and written English communications skills.
- Authorization to work in the USA without sponsorship
For immediate and confidential consideration, please forward your MS Word formatted resume to Will Darroh, Sr. Partner, Piper Morgan Associates, _EMAIL_.
For confidential consideration, send your resume to Will Darroh, _EMAIL_.
Piper-Morgan is committed to carefully reviewing each resume it receives. Every effort will be made to review your resume the same day it is received. If we determine there is not a reasonable fit for the position you responded to, please know that time limitations don't permit us to respond to each candidate. Piper-Morgan is constantly receiving requests for new talent from our clients. Your expertise and experience are very important to us. If there is not a reasonable match, your resume will be retained for review with each new job opening.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
If you send the letter and it returns back to you with error – it means that the letter was not delivered.
Each letter contains an error code which permits to understand the problem and how it can be solved.
In case if you independently can't to understand how to fix this mistake, than contact us specifying the the full error message text as well as e-mail address of user to which you wanted to send a message.
1. Check if these letters aren't already in your mailbox. Check all the folders, especially folders – Subscribed, List, Spamand Trash. When you check the folders, use the search in the upper right side.
2. Open Settings, section Filtersand make sure that specific reciever or domain are not in the list of email addresses, witch for example, are automatically deleted.
3. Perhaps for a long time you have not used your mailbox and it became inactive. Log into your mailbox through the web page and ask to message sender, if he can send you message repeatedly.
From the person who was sends you a message, find out if after sending the letter, it came back with text - letter is not delivered. If such a warning has come, there is definitely written a reason, why letter is not delivered. Please forward this notification letter to us.
4.Pay attention to size of the mailbox - perhaps it's full. Clean the mailbox and ask to resend the letter.
!! If these methods not topical to you, write to usyour question and this kind of information – from which addresses must come the letters, what is the topic of the letter, date and time of dispatch.
Check all mailbox folders, especially folder "Trash". Messages can be accidentally deleted from folders as well as from the "Trash". If messages are deleted from 'Trash'', then in this case, try to restore the deleted letters from Trash of the last seven days.
! Perhaps all new messages was collected by POP3 / IMAP protocol assistance. If you use MsOutlook, theBat or other programms in your mobile phone or other device - these programs by default, collect all your messages and don't leave a copy on your Inbox server.
Check the POP3 / IMAP program settings. If you want to keep copies of the messages in your inbox, than go to Settings and choose the parameter "Leave a copy of messages on server"
If you have deleted messages from the folder, go to "Trash" and use the search form who is located on the top corner to find the necessary deleted posts. If the letter was found, restore it to folder "Incoming".
If you delete messages from the folder "Trash" (or repeatedly press to clean the trash) deleted messages of the last seven days can be restored back.
If you clear the entire contents of a folder for example the Spam folder or any other in this case, letters are deleted immediately without trading in Trash. These letters can't be restored.
Inbound message filtering by categories "Incoming", "Subscribed", "Social" and "Spam" is done automatically based on the company's internal rules and algorithms.
If you consider that the content of the letters (for example, invoices, airline tickets, online purchase approvals, information about the new password, etc.) should be in the folder "Incoming" let us know, giving detailed information about:
- Mailbox name, where are the letters which was automatically moved to folder "Subscribed" or "Social"
- Message date of dispatch
- Message topic
- Mailbox address from which were sent these messages to users
! We will check this information and send you letter in reply containing a message about how to deal with this situation.
Still can't find answer?

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text: the most valuable assets for a teacher are a sense of humor, charisma, determination, compassion, common sense, and an unbridled enthusiasm for the language arts. Given these traits, a teacher may move on to the tao of instructional models.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
KHAN, African Caracal
This male caracal's parents were rescued when they were kittens in South Africa. Caracals move their young every day to protect them from predators. Khan's mother was seen being dropped and abandoned when she was disturbed. While caracals are considered endangered in parts of their range, in South Africa, they are treated as vermin, so Khan's parents could not be released back into the wild. Instead, they were shipped to a breeder in the US to promote education about this rare and magnificent species.


text: Vertical electron density Ne profiles, deduced from newly available ISIS 2 digital ionospheric topside sounder data, are used to investigate the altitude structure of localized ionization depletions within the winter, nighttime polar cap ionosphere during solar minimum. The region investigated, called the polar hole-auroral cavity region, is located just after midnight magnetic local time near the poleward side of the auroral oval. Earlier investigations had at times found very low Ne values in this region (down to 200 cm−3 near 300 km). In the present study, latitudinal Ne depletions were found, but such low Ne values (≈ 100 cm−3) were only found near the ISIS 2 altitude of 1400 km. The peak ionospheric concentration below ISIS 2 remained fairly constant (∼105 cm−3) across the Ne-depleted region, but the altitude of the peak dropped dramatically to the vicinity of 100 km. The observations, in combination with other data, indicate that the absence of an F layer peak may be a frequent occurrence at high latitudes and stress the importance of a knowledge of the vertical Ne distribution in high-latitude investigations of horizontal Ne structures.


Need Base Count software for Mac
mathog at mathog at
Tue Sep 5 12:24:33 EST 1995
In article , rumpf.1 at (Robert Rumpf) writes:
>We need a program that will tell us the GC content (in percent) of a
>sequence...I downloaded GATCcount from IUBIO but it won't run on our Macs
>(we're using system 7.5). Any ideas? TIA...
This is pretty crude, but if you only need to do this once and a while you
can carry out the calculation with just about any word processor.
1. Edit out all the comments and numbers on a COPY of the file.
2. Make two copies from that: GC, AT
3. On GC,
 global search and replace "A"->nothing
 global search and replace "T"->nothing
 use word count (it it can count characters in a document.)
 Word count only counts words and lines? -> replace G with G
 replace C with C. Replace with ,
 run word count
4. AT, as for GC (you figure it out!)
5. %GC = (100 * GC)/(GC + AT) with a calculator or long hand division.
David Mathog
mathog at
Manager, sequence analysis facility, biology division, Caltech
More information about the Bio-soft mailing list


Saturday, November 21, 2009
244. The Baseline Scenarios -- Part 20: Still More Huts
There are many types of "beehive" hut in various parts of the world -- and the question is: are they related or is their shape simply a coincidence. When the designs and methods of construction are extremely similar, and they are found among hunter-gatherers or horticulturalists with traditions similar to those of HBC, then it would be difficult, I think, to argue that they all don't stem from the same ancestral source. When found in more "advanced" societies, in more elaborate forms, or built from different construction materials, then the relationship is not so clear -- but further research is certainly indicated, because the shape itself may have been passed on traditionally, even if other aspects of construction have changed. Once a baseline has been established, it's much easier to trace origins, since each example we find need be compared only with its hypothetical prototype in the baseline culture. For me, the ultimate baseline is HBC, but in many cases it might be necessary to establish intermediate baselines, from which certain "secondary" or "tertiary" traditions might have arisen. If no backward link can be established, and only then, it would be reasonable to consider the possibility of "independent invention."
This hut is clearly more elaborate than the huts we've seen from Pygmy, Bushmen and Hadza sources:
Zulu hut
But when we compare it with a more traditional type of hut from the same culture, it seems reasonable to assume that the more complex design may well have evolved from the simpler*:
Traditional Zulu Hut
This "beehive" hut is from a completely different part of the world, and made of stone rather than wood and grass or leaves:
Stone "Beehive" Hut -- Bronze Age Ireland
It's beehive shape might well be a coincidence. Or it might have evolved from an earlier type much closer to the traditional African design:
"Celtic" Hut (reconstruction) -- Wales
I'm wondering how the stone hut was constructed. If a wooden framework, similar to the framework of the traditional African huts, were constructed first, it would have been easy to position the stones against the wood, which could be easily removed once the stone structure was complete. In this way it might be possible to imagine a single line of evolution from the wood and grass hut pictured above to the stone one. On the other hand, if some other method of placing the stones had been used, then the connection wouldn't be so clear.
The same thinking could be applied to these mud huts, from the Near East:
"Beehive" Mud Huts -- Harran, Turkey
How were they constructed? If built over a wooden framework similar to that of the traditional African huts, that would establish a clear connection with HBC. If not, then one would have to consider independent invention.
[Added 11-22, 5:15 PM:
Speaking of independent invention, the Igloo certainly looks like a good example, despite its beehive shape.
On the other hand, not all Igloos are made of ice. This one appears to be covered with skins and probably had a wooden frame:
Did the ice Igloo evolve from a hut like this one? If so, it too could be traceable to HBC, why not? Skins are a natural subsitute for leaves or grass in an environment without much vegetation. And when there's no wood around to built a framework, then ice might be the only recourse. Nevertheless, the Igloo is definitely one of the more brilliant inventions of the human mind, no question. It's also an excellent example of cultural adaptation to environmental conditions. But where there is adaptation, there must also be something that's been adapted.]
*You'll notice, by the way, that for the first time I am making an assumption, something I've avoided during the entire course of this thread. Once our (hypothetical) baseline is established, on the basis of evidence and not assumptions, we are then in a much better position to make meaningful assumptions regarding associations for which solid evidence may be lacking, at least for now. Indeed, such assumptions are useful as the basis for future research.
Maju said...
The Chalcolithic "beehive hut" you mention is clearly different because:
1. It has no true dome but a false dome: the "domed" conic roof is made like an igloo (roughly) and not with the classical arched pole structure of true domed hutes or true historical domes.
2. These tholoi of Europe were used as burial sites, not homes. Though it is not impossible that they derived from similar ones from Cyprus (Khirokitia) and Kurdistan (Tell Halaf) of a much earlier period, which were used as real homes, it seems.
DocG said...
Maju, is there any evidence of how these stone huts were constructed? It seems to me that the placement of the stones to form the domelike shape would involve an extremely difficult balancing act unless there were some sort of framework already in place to set them against. Are there any records that tell us how this was done?
Maju said...
AFAIK, the tholoi are there for all to be seen. Some have lost their false domes but others are well preserved. So archaeologists have determined this fact by mere structural observation.
Tholos type buildings do have that "extremely difficult balancing act" you say as essence of their construction techniques (each row has a slightly smaller diameter than the previous one). And that is why they can't build a true dome but just a false conical one (this doesn't happen with igloos but that's because of the particular building material they use).
That's why I said before that this type of building evidences (or appears to prove) that there is conceptual discontinuity from the domed hut (which has a true dome, even if made of perishable organic materials) and the architectural dome of Etruscans and successors.
However it is not totally impossible that some domed huts still existed in Etruscan or proto-Etruscan times, inspiring their architects, but these lessons were not applied to Tholoi, maybe because, lacking mortar, they could not build the arches on stone.
I'll see if I can find some online material on this matter but you can take my word that I have read on it several times already and I'm very confident of this fact re. tholoi.
As with your case of the domed huts, there is some debate if tholoi architectural concepts were invented only once (in West Asia then) or several times independently. There are serious issues regarding time and space gaps to allow for a simple continuity model however it is also known that Cyprus in particular was active in the Mediterranean early trade and there is one or two glass beads in Iberia that evidence that there was some W-E transmediterranean trade at the time of the first Western tholoi (which pre-date the Greek ones and are likely to have inspired them).
DocG said...
Maju, take a good look at this stone beehive:
First of all, it looks to me like a true dome -- NOT conical. Second check out the jumble of stones, going every which way. I can't imagine any other way of constructing such a hut other than by piling stones almost randomly against a framework of some sort, most likely wood. The wood could easily have been removed after the stonework was complete, leaving a stable stone structure. I wonder what architects and engineers have written about this type of structure. What do you think?
Manjunatha Vadiarillat said...
Toda, a Dravidian tribe in South India are known for their unique huts. However, the tribe is relatively lighter skinned than surrounding caste population or even other Dravidian tribes (excluding some of the tribes in Nilgiri hills, where they inhabit, like Badaga and Kota). I think they were believed to have migrated from West Asia.
Maju said...
From Wikipedia, Beehive tomb:
"A beehive tomb, also known as a tholos tomb (plural tholoi), is a burial structure characterised by its false dome created by the superposition of successively smaller rings of mudbricks or, more often, stones. The resulting structure resembles a beehive, hence the traditional English name".
The conical top is obviously not any true dome, which should be semi-spherical.
However, I've noticed that some of your conically topped examples have some sort of what looks as outgoing beams, what may indicate a third different type of architecture.
Maju said...
PS. There is also a graphic example in form of section of the "Treasure of Atreus" tholos, where the structure is clearly visible.
German Dziebel said...
Great collection, Victor! Thank you. I'm not sure if the skin-covered dwelling of the Eskimo is an igloo. I think it's called tupiq. They used it once the snow is melted.
So what's adaptational here and what's driven by descent? The type of covering seems to be adaptational (leaves, skin, snow depends on the availability of resources). Is the frame (conical, with several poles leaning against each other or against a mainstay [a "lean-to type"], or round, with poles being bent around and weaved together at the top) driven by common descent? Bushmen skerms are lean-tos just like American Indian tipis or Siberian


text:
Crystal Paper Crafts
Something a little more challenging for the grown ups - fold up crystals! Simply print out the template below, colour it in, then cut out and fold up! All instructions are included in the print out.
Materials you will need are:
- Print out
- Craft knife & cutting board or scissors (craft knife may give better results)
- Glue stick
- Colouring materials of your choice
Please remember to take care when using knives, scissors, or other sharp tools, and do not let children do this activity unsupervised.
3D Crystal Tower


text:
Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws,
this concise exposition and analysis of the essential elements of law with
regard to family relations, marital property, and succession to estates in
India covers the legal rules and customs pertaining to the intertwined
civic status of persons, the family, and property.
After an informative general introduction, the book proceeds to an in-depth
discussion of the sources and instruments of family and succession law, the
authorities that adjudicate and administer the laws, and issues surrounding
the person as a legal entity and the legal disposition of property among
family members. Such matters as nationality, domicile, and residence;
marriage, divorce, and cohabitation; adoption and guardianship; succession and
inter vivos arrangements; and the acquisition and administration of estates
are all treated to a degree of depth that will prove useful in nearly any
situation likely to arise in legal practice.
The book is primarily designed to assist lawyers who find themselves having to
apply rules of international private law or otherwise handling cases connected
with India. It will also be of great value to students and practitioners as a
quick guide and easy-to-use practical resource in the field, and especially to
academicians and researchers engaged in comparative studies by providing the
necessary, basic material of family and succession law.
The Author. List of Abbreviations. Preface. General Introduction. Selected
Bibliography. Part I. Person Chapter 1. The Status of a Person. Chapter 2.
Registration of Civil Status. Chapter 3. Personality Right. Chapter 4. Names.
Chapter 5. Nationality. Chapter 6. Domicile and Residence. Chapter 7. Mentally
Handicapped Persons. Part II. Family Law Chapter 1. Marriage.
Chapter 2. Divorce. Chapter 3. Cohabitation without Marriage. Chapter 4.
Filiation. Chapter 5. Adoption. Chapter 6. Parental Authority. Chapter 7.
Guardianship. Chapter 8. Kinship and Relationship of Affinity. Part
III. Matrimonial Property Law Chapter 1. Rights and Obligations of
Part IV. Succession Law Introduction. Chapter 1. Intestate Succession.
Chapter 2. Testamentary Succession. Chapter 3. Acts Inter Vivos Related to the
Estate. Chapter 4. Acquisition and Administration of the Estate. List of
Enactments and Rules. Index of Cases. General Index


text:
SSTs can take several hours in many cases, but the current default value of TimeoutStartSec causes systemd to force the joiner node to timeout in about 90 seconds. It might make sense to disable systemd service's timeout by default instead.
Depending on the systemd version, disabling the startup timeout means setting either TimeoutStartSec=0 (if systemd version <=228) or TimeoutStartSec=infinity (if systemd version >=229).
In systemd 236 and later, the startup timeout can be extended by setting EXTEND_TIMEOUT_USEC:
If a service of Type=notify sends "EXTEND_TIMEOUT_USEC=…", this may cause the start time to be extended beyond TimeoutStartSec=. The first receipt of this message must occur before TimeoutStartSec= is exceeded, and once the start time has exended beyond TimeoutStartSec=, the service manager will allow the service to continue to start, provided the service repeats "EXTEND_TIMEOUT_USEC=…" within the interval specified until the service startup status is finished by "READY=1". (see sd_notify(3)).
It looks like this approach was used to extend the startup timeout during SSTs while fixing
MDEV-15607. It looks like this is the relevant commit:
The relevant service_manager_extend_timeout function seems to be defined here:
And it sets the EXTEND_TIMEOUT_USEC environment variable mentioned in the systemd manual.
However, a lot of users are still seeing startup timeouts during SSTs. The cause seems to be that most systemd installations are not yet using version 236 or later.
The following documentation section that describes current behavior:


text:
Mel Manalis's research interests surround the development of quantifiable sustainability measures as well as integrated energy planning, industrial ecology, and green nuclear energy.
Mel Manalis is a Research Physicist and Senior Lecturer for the Environmental Studies Program at UC Santa Barbara. Manalis has taught at UCSB for 35 years and has developed courses related to energy. During the 1980s, he led a seminal delegation of wind energy experts to advise the Chinese government on how to initialize a large-scale wind energy effort that has become a major underpinning of today's rapid advance in China's wind power development. He conducted the first wind energy study of Vandenberg Air Force Base in Lompoc California and the nascent study of solar energy applications for the California Energy Commission following the 1973 oil embargo.
PhD: Physics, UC Santa Barbara (1970)
4005 Bren Hall
University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5080


text:
Aqwest is planning to build and operate the Bunbury Water Resource Recovery Scheme (BWRRS) which will be capable of treating and distributing up to 2 gigalitres (GL) of water per year from Water Corporation's existing Bunbury Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). The scheme will consist of a Recycled Water Treatment Plant (RWTP) and associated pipework with the ability for expansion to a Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) scheme in the future.
This project strongly aligns with the Western Australian Government's Climate Policy (DWER, November 2020), which names Aqwest as a lead agency to "Invest in [regional] water infrastructure and water recycling to enhance security, efficiency and resilience of community water schemes". Similarly, Aqwest will be a key stakeholder and leader in the WA Government's water security sector adaptation plan under the soon-to-be-legislated Climate Change Act (DWER, September 2023).
The BWRRS will provide local jobs through the construction of a fit-for-purpose recycled water scheme that will be used for:
mitigating the impacts of climate change in relation to critical water resources
reducing ocean discharge of treated effluent
reducing freshwater resource use
maintaining ground water supplies for critical uses (e.g., drinking water)
providing an environmentally sustainable method of maintaining community amenities during summer
facilitating future major capital construction projects in the region to support economic growth
limit the requirement to develop future water sources such as desalination
future expansion to a MAR scheme that will replenish local aquifers


e for which time is to be formatted
 DWORD dwFlags, // flags specifying function options
 CONST SYSTEMTIME *lpTime, // time to be formatted
 LPCTSTR lpFormat, // time format string
 LPTSTR lpTimeStr, // buffer for storing formatted string
 int cchTime // size, in bytes or characters, of the buffer
);
The first parameter Locale Specifies the locale for which the time string is to be formatted. If lpFormat is NULL, the function formats the string according to the time format for this locale. If lpFormat is not NULL, the function uses the locale only for information not specified in the format picture string.
The fourth argument of GetTimeFormat is an optional picture string using the codes shown below:
Picture code Description
h Hours with no leading zero for single digit hours; 12 hour clock
hh Hours with leading zero for single digit hours; 12 hour clock
H Hours with no leading zero for single digit hours; 24 hour clock
HH Hours with leading zero for single digit hours; 24 hour clock
m Minutes with no leading zero for single digit minutes
mm Minutes with leading zero for single digit minutes
s Seconds with no leading zero for single digit seconds
ss Seconds with leading zero for single digit seconds
t Single character time marker string such as A or P
tt Multi character time marker string such as AM or PM
If you supply null pointer the function uses theLOCALE_STIMEFORMAT item from specified locale.GetTimeFormat also enables you to omit or adjust parts of the formatted output by specifying the appropriate flags in its second argument as shown below:
Style Description
TIME_NOMINUTESORSECONDS No minutes or seconds
TIME_NOSECONDS No seconds
TIME_NOTIMEMARKER No AM/PM marker
TIME_FORCE24HOURFORMAT 24-hour time format
The third argument is pointer to a SYSTEMTIME structure that contains the time information to be formatted. If this pointer is NULL, the function uses the current local system time
Localization of number format
The GetNumberFormat function formats a number string as a number string customized for a specified locale.
int GetNumberFormat(
 LCID Locale, // locale for which string is to be formatted
 DWORD dwFlags, // bit flag that controls the function's operation
 LPCTSTR lpValue, // pointer to input number string
 CONST NUMBERFMT *lpFormat, // pointer to a formatting information structure
 LPTSTR lpNumberStr, // pointer to output buffer
 int cchNumber // size of output buffer
);
The GetNumberFormat function punctuates a numeric string according to the rules of a specific locale. The first argument specifies the locale for which the number string is to be formatted. If lpFormat is NULL, the function formats the string according to the number format for this locale.
The second argument contains a bit flag that controls the operation of the function. If lpFormat is non-NULL, this parameter must be zero. If lpFormat is NULL, you can specify the LOCALE_NOUSEROVERRIDE flag to format the string using the system default number format for the specified locale; or you can specify zero to format the string using any user overrides to the locale's default number format.
The third argument is a pointer to input string. The input string should contain digit characters from 0 through 9 with a leading minus sign if the number is negative and a single decimal point if the number has a fractional part. The presence of any other characters causes the function to return 0, in which case you can call GetLastError to get more details. If the function succeeds, it returns the number of characters produced in the output buffer.
GetNumberFormat replaces the minus sign and decimal point with characters specified by the locale database. It also rounds the fractional part to the appropriate number of places and inserts grouping characters in the integer part.
If you want to use a format other than the locales default you must construct a NUMBERFMT structure which has following definition:
typedef struct _numberfmt
{
 UINT NumDigits; //From LOCALE_IDIGITS
 UINT LeadingZero; // From LOCALE_ILZERO
 UINT Grouping; //From LOCALE_SGROUPING
 LPTSTR lpDecimalSep; //From LOCALE_SDECIMAL
 LPTSTR lpThousandSep; //From LOCALE_STHOUSAND
 UINT NegativeOrder; //From LOCALE_INEGNUMBER
}NUMBERFMT;
The structure members correspond directly to the locale items mentioned in the comments, except for the grouping member, which should be a value from 0 through 9 if all groups are the same size.
Handling shortcut keys
Shortcut keys also called accelerators provide keyboard alternatives for menu and toolbar actions. For instance, Ctrl + A and Ctrl + Z are the conventional shortcuts for Select All and Undo commands, respectively. For instance, if you compare the U.S. and French keyboards you will see that the A and Z keys switch places with Q and W.
The solution for handling shortcuts keys is as follows:
 1. During initialization, call GetUserDefaultUILanguage to obtain the default UI language for the current user. Still during initialization call LoadKeyboardLayout to get the HKL for the default input locale.
 2. Within the message loop, check whether the current message is from the keyboard. If so, get the current input locale. If the input locale is using a different language than the default UI call MapVirtualKeyEx to map the virtual key code back to the default input locale.
 3. Call TransalateAccelerator in the normal way. If it returns FALSE, restore the original virtual key code in the message so that normal keys are processed in the current language.
MFC and similar Windows programming environments usually bury the main message loop deep within the library, but they also provide "hook" so that you can perform special operation, such as UI sensitive shortcut mapping. MFC offers two virtual functions named PreCreateWindow and PreTranslateMessage for this purpose. Use PreCreateWindow function to contain step 1 and PreTranslateMessage to contain step 2 and 3.
Handling message resource
FormatMessage API function converts error codes into localized messages for display to the user. The win32 messages are stored in multilingual resources attached to the various system components or in system resource DLLs. Use message compiler to define a repertoire of message codes and their localized strings. This compiler is a Visual Studio utility program. MC accepts a message script file and produces header file, binary file and single resource script. The header file contains the #define symbols for the message codes. The BIN files contain the tables that correlate message codes to text strings for the various languages.
The FormatMessage function formats a message string. The function requires a message definition as input. The message definition can come from a buffer passed into the function. It can come from a message table resource in an already-loaded module. Or the caller can ask the function to search the system's message table resource(s) for the message definition. The function finds the message definition in a message table resource based on a message identifier and a language identifier. The function copies the formatted message text to an output buffer, processing any embedded insert sequences if requested.
DWORD FormatMessage(
 DWORD dwFlags, // source and processing options
 LPCVOID lpSource, // pointer to message source
 DWORD dwMessageId, // requested message identifier
 DWORD dwLanguageId, // language identifier for requested message
 LPTSTR lpBuffer, // pointer to message buffer
 DWORD nSize, // maximum size of message buffer
 va_list *Arguments // pointer to array of message inserts
);
Working of software
The locale settings of the operating system can be change from control panel. Open control panel click on Regional options open General tab and then click on Set default button on General tab. select the system locale. Click on Apply button and restart the computer. If necessary change the input locale. To change the input locale click on Input locales tab. Select one of the installed input locale and the click on Set as default button. Click on Apply button.
The dialog and string table resource in different languages are embedded in the image of the executable. When the software is started depending upon the locale settings of the operating system the operating system loads the particular resource and displays the resource. The number formatting, date and time formatting also depends upon the locale settings of the thread, which can be changed at run time.
Pros
 - The localized strings reside in the image of the executable so there is no need to maintain an external database.
 - Operating system is responsible for loading the language specific resource
Cons
 - Cut and paste mechanism is used to changed to text of windows and controls this may introduce errors. Also, the programmer who will do cut and paste may not have the knowledge of the language, so he/she will not able to correct the errors.
 - When new language needs to introduce, there is a massive change in the source code. The programmer will have to change the title of the windows and controls and make changes in the string table


text:
Shadow Technique Improves Measurement of Micro Holes
June 2, 2005
Contact: Gail Porter
Sometimes seeing a shadow can be as good or better than seeing the real thing. A new measurement method* developed by researchers working at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is a case in point. The method uses the shadow cast by a small glass probe to infer the dimensions of tiny, microscale holes or other micrometer-sized components. The technique may provide an improved quality control method for measuring the interior dimensions of fuel nozzles, fiber optic connectors, biomedical stents, ink jet cartridges and other precision-engineered products.
Designed to be implemented with the type of coordinate measuring machine (CMM) routinely used in precision manufacturing settings, the method uses a flexible glass fiber with a microsphere attached on one end. The glass probe is attached to the CMM's positioning system, inserted into the part to be measured, and systematically touched to the part's interior walls in multiple locations. A light-emitting diode is used to illuminate the glass fiber. While the microsphere inside the part is not visible, the shadow of the attached fiber—with a bright band of light at its center—shows the amount of deflection in the probe each time the part's interior is touched. A camera records the shadow positions. Based on prior calibration of the force required to bend the probe a specific distance, the part's dimensions can be determined with an uncertainty of about 35 nanometers (nm). The method can be used for holes as small as 100 micrometers in diameter.
"Our probe has a much smaller measurement uncertainty than other available methods and it is very cost effective to make," says Bala Muralikrishnan, a NIST guest researcher from the University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
The thin, glass fiber is about 20 millimeters long and 50 micrometers in diameter, making it especially useful for measuring relatively deep holes not easily measured with other methods. Replacement probes cost about $100 compared to about $1,000 for those manufactured using silicon micromachining techniques.
*B. Muralikrishnan, J.A. Stone and J. R. Stoup. Measuring internal geometry of fiber ferrules. Presented at the SME MicroManufacturing Conference, Minneapolis, Minn., May 4-5, 2005.


text:
Bishop Anthony M. Pilla was a significant figure in the history of Cleveland. He was respected and appreciated locally and nationally as a leader in the religious, cultural and Italian communities. He was a man who embraced all those he encountered, regardless of race, religion or status.
During the 1970s, population losses reduced membership in Cleveland's ethnic parishes. Bishop Pilla began meeting with clerical and lay leaders to discuss how to preserve these vital institutions. As an Italian raised in a Catholic home and educated in Catholic schools, he understood the importance of parishes as neighborhood anchors and stabilizing forces in the community. He demonstrated his concern by building social service facilities in Cleveland's East Side neighborhoods, notably the St. Martin de Porres Family Center in Glenville and the Fatima Family Center in Hough. Some challenged his decision to spend Catholic dollars helping non-Catholics, fortunately to no avail. Bishop Pilla's theology of helping the urban community became Church in the City, which was acclaimed nationally. His courage and vision were acknowledged by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops , which appointed him president in 1995.
Thanks to the leadership of Bishop Pilla, the Catholic Education Endowment Trust, the Alleluia Ball and other charitable resources support Catholic elementary and secondary school education in Cleveland. In 2018, the Catholic nonprofit Partnership Schools of New York expanded to Cleveland. Led capably by executive director Richard F. Clark, the Cleveland Partnership manages Archbishop Lyle and St. Thomas Aquinas elementary schools. In 2022, it will assume responsibility for Metro Catholic as well. The Catholic elementary schools in the city of Cleveland and Cleveland Central Catholic are open and operating today thanks largely to the efforts of Bishop Anthony M. Pilla. We are so very grateful for all that he has done for so many during his exemplary and holy life.
Dominic L. Ozanne


Re: IMG in PRE? -Reply
Abigail (
Mon, 13 May 1996 23:58:23 +0200 (MET DST)
From: Abigail <>
Message-Id: <>
Subject: Re: IMG in PRE? -Reply
Date: Mon, 13 May 1996 23:58:23 +0200 (MET DST)
In-Reply-To: <> from "Scott E. Preece" at May 13, 96 02:22:40 pm
Scott E. Preece wrote:
++ From: Charles Peyton Taylor <>
++ |
++ | Since all spaces and letters in a monospaced font
++ | are always the same relative size, formatting works
++ | in . Add images, and all is screwed.
++ |
++ | BTW: why not use instead of pre? What is it that
++ | you're looking for in that you can't do with
++ | ?
++ ---
++ Well, PRE seems to control three separate things:
++ 1. it sets the font to monospaced
++ 2. it suppresses autofilling of lines
++ 3. it preserves whitespace as individual characters
++ TT only controls one of those. Another mode that would be
++ extremely useful is
++ 1. proportional type
++ 2. no autofilling
++ 3. preserve whitespace as provided (either by keeping
++ as individual space characters or by tabbing to the
++ indicated depth)
++ In addition to the obvious use for poetry, this would be good for
++ code, for those of us who believe code should be pretty-printed,
++ rather than monospaced. One can work around (2), by using BR at
++ the end of each line, but (3) seems to be impossible [you can get the
++ effect with incredibly tortuous use of tables as layout devices, but
++ it's not really practical...].
I've always problems in imagining how wide a space is in a
propotional font. For instance, in aligned text (both right and
left) interword space clearly differs from line to line.
++ There are also many instances where including IMG would *not* be
++ a formatting problem (the obvious one being where IMGs always
++ appear at the right of text (including the case of appearing on
++ lines of their own).
I don't think that should be a reason. If you allow something, it
should work in (almost) all cases, not in some. Generally, it will
not work, as you cannot device independently compare pixels with
character cells.


text:
Objectives: To examine the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components with knee pain severity trajectories. Methods: Data from a population-based cohort study were utilised. Baseline blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were measured. MetS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Radiographic knee osteoarthritis (ROA) was assessed by X-ray. Pain severity was measured by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain questionnaire at each time-point. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to identify pain trajectories and multi-nominal logistic regression was used for analysis. Mediation analysis was performed to assess whether body mass index (BMI)/central obesity mediated the association between MetS, its components and pain trajectories. Results: Among 985 participants (Mean ± SD age: 62.9 ± 7.4, 50% female), 32% had MetS and 60% had ROA. Three pain trajectories were identified: 'Minimal pain' (52%), 'Mild pain' (33%) and 'Moderate pain' (15%). After adjustment for potential confounders, central obesity increased risk of belonging to both 'Mild pain' and 'Moderate pain' trajectories as compared to the 'Minimal pain' trajectory group, but MetS [relative risk ratio (RRR): 2.26, 95%CI 1.50–3.39], hypertriglyceridemia (RRR: 1.75, 95%CI 1.16–2.62) and low HDL (RRR: 1.67, 95%CI 1.10–2.52) were only associated with 'Moderate pain' trajectory. BMI/central obesity explained 37–70% of these associations. Results were similar in those with ROA. Conclusion: MetS and its components are predominantly associated with worse pain trajectories through central obesity, suggesting that the development and maintenance of worse pain trajectories may be caused by MetS.
- Knee osteoarthritis
- Metabolic syndrome


text:
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text:
Surface Plasmons and Singularities
journal contributionposted on 13.10.2010, 00:00 by Yu Luo, J. B. Pendry, Alexandre Aubry
We apply the conformal transformation technique to study systematically a variety of singular plasmonic structures, including two-dimensional sharp edges, rough surfaces, and nanocrescents. These structures are shown to exhibit two distinct features. First, different from a planar metallic surface, the surface plasmon excitations on the examined structures have a lower bound cutoff at a finite frequency; second, the electric field diverges below a critical frequency even when metallic losses are considered. For rough surfaces and open-crescent nanostructures, the influence of the structure shapes on the absorbance characteristics is also discussed. Our analysis gives a unique insight into the light capture process on singular structures and holds the promise of detection of single molecules and greatly enhanced nonlinear effects.


text:
Business Development, Analysis
To be discussed.
First San Francisco Partners is a business advisory and enterprise information management (EIM) consultancy dedicated to helping companies leverage their data to improve strategic decision-making, reduce risk, create operational efficiencies and fuel unprecedented business success. Our services span data governance, data quality strategies, data management architecture, master data management strategy and implementation, analytics and big data.
Job Responsibilities and Duties
We have an immediate opening for a Business Analyst who will manage and drive the development of business requirements and functional specifications for system development projects throughout the development life cycle from initial analysis and design all the way through to implementation and user acceptance. They will also serve as a liaison between IT and other departments.
* Collecting and analyzing the project's business requirements and transferring the same knowledge to development team.
* Prepares estimates for projects assigned.
* Evaluating the data collected through task analysis, business process, surveys and workshops.
* Prepares accurate and detailed requirement specifications documents, user interface guides, and functional specification.
* Provides advisement to the development team during the development stage of product to meet the client's business needs.
* Documents the acquired results of analysis and workflows as well as obtaining sign-off from the appropriate client.
* Coordinating with the groups who test, validate, evaluate new applications and functions.
* A strategic partner with IT to influence the design, alignment, and implementation of technical standards to address appropriate business solutions.
* Identifies requirements for data governance, integrity, quality and audit functions; including driving and developing new data governance guidelines.
* Prepare presentations and deliverabl!es.
* Awareness and experience in OCM (Organizational Change Management) a plus
* A knowledge of MDM (Master Data Management) and SAP or ERP is a plus!
Skills and Qualifications:
* 3-5 years of experience working as a Business Analyst.
* Excellent communication skills, presentation and interpersonal skills are required.
* A demonstrated track record of making a difference and adding value.
* Strong organizational skills with the ability to multi-task.
* Ability to think creatively, highly-driven and self-motivated.
* Ability to work and adjust to changing deadlines.
* Creative problem-solving skills.
* Must be able to develop relationships across the organization, working cross functionally to get results.
* Ability to present complex information in a simplified fashion to facilitate understanding.
* Can effectively manipulate and analyze large amounts of data.
* The ability to understand data relationships.
* Proficient with MS Office products including Microsoft Project.
* Bachelor's Degree in Business Administration, Computer Science, CIS or related field.
* Past Experiences with big data projects, business intelligence, data warehouse and data quality is a plus
* Familiarity with data management and analytical tools
How to ApplyClick Here to Apply


One Ounce At A Time/ Facebook
Mom's Viral Photo Shows That Breast Milk Comes In Many Colors
While the milk that you pour over your cereal may always be bright white, breastmilk isn't quite so monochromatic. Depending on when it comes out, it can come in a variety of colors — not all of them are variations of white. This mom's full spectrum photo shows the many shades of breast milk because your "liquid gold" doesn't always look the same — and that's okay!
Nursing moms may not see enough of their milk to know what color it is, aside from that lovely bit that leaks out of the opposite side or comes out as spit-up post-feeding. But if you were to pump instead of just breastfeeding, you would see that milk from various stages of pumping, as well as times of day, affect the color of your milk. Diet, medication, and a number of other factors can influence the color of breast milk, according to Very Well Family, and there are a lot of different shades of "normal."
In order to raise awareness of what these colors can look like, a breastfeeding mom and the voice behind the popular Facebook and Instagram page, One Ounce at a Time, Elisabeth Anderson-Sierra, appropriately posted a photo of three bottles of her milk on July 4. These bottles all came from one pumping session, she told Cafe Mom, and were red, white, and blue respectively.
The red milk is often referred to as "strawberry milk," and as Anderson-Sierra explained it is tinted red by blood in the milk. As reported, the red tinge can come from a clog being dislodged and rupturing a blood vessel — as it was in Anderson-Sierra's case — a cracked nipple, or "rusty pipe syndrome," which is when ducts and milk supply cells grow and stretch after your baby is born. Anderson-Sierra told Romper that she "wanted to share that most likely, any color variation experienced is normal, though having blood in your milk (strawberry milk) is alarming, it is still safe to feed to your baby." However, moms may want to seek medical care to find out the source of the blood if they are concerned. She wrote:
If it is nipple damage, seek treatment options. If it's within the breast tissue, use gentle massage and a cold or warm compress depending on if you need to reduce swelling or get milk to release from ducts. Keep your milk ducts clear and empty! Blood can coagulate and cause additional clogs, leading to more serious problems.
Courtesy of Elizabeth Anderson-Sierra
Amy Barron Smolinski, MA, ALC, CLC Executive Director, Mom2Mom Global — a national nonprofit organization dedicated to support, education, and advocacy for breastfeeding military families — told Romper that pinkish or brownish tinged milk is not generally a concern, as long as it comes out of the breast that color:
The only time pink milk is a medical concern is if it comes out of the breast looking like "normal" — white, yellow, creamy, or thin bluish — and changes to a bright pink or magenta color over time after being expressed. Sometimes this is seen in bottles of expressed milk, sometimes the parents will notice the burp rags are stained with pink after baby has spit up on them. This can indicate the presence of Serratia marascens, an infectious bacteria that requires antibiotics.
The white milk shown in the photo is less surprising, and a bit of blood seems plausible for red milk, but where in the world does blue breast milk come from? Well, Anderson-Sierra has an answer for that too. She explained in her post that this blue milk is "foremilk" or the first milk to come out during a feeding session. It "can have a blue tint to it as it is lacking in the heavier fat content of hindmilk," which is the milk that comes at the end, according to her post. Additionally, she wrote that if you consume "...foods with dyes like Gatorade or colored frosting you may see the dyes affecting the color of your milk."
Smolinski told Romper that there is another possible explanation for "bluish" milk: higher water content. "[This] is common when the baby needs more hydration, such as hot weather, or desert conditions," she says. "It's usually thinner and watery." Smolinski added that "it's important for parents to realize that even though this milk has lower fat content than more yellowish or creamy milk, it is still very beneficial for the baby." Like Anderson-Sierra, Smolinski assured Romper that slightly colored milk is usually "completely within the spectrum of normal." But, if a parent has any concerns, she urges them to contact a trained lactation professional.
Along with the colors that Anderson-Sierra included in her post, Very Well Family reported that breast milk can be tinted white, yellow, clear, blue, green, pink, orange, brown, and black — wow, talk about variety. Not all of the colors of breastmilk are completely normal, though. For example, black breastmilk is the result of a particular antibiotic that should not be taken while breastfeeding, according to Very Well Family. But Anderson-Sierra is urging moms not to panic over milk that looks a little out of the ordinary. Don't throw it out just because of a little bit of red color. After all, "Breast milk is truly liquid gold and we work hard for it. A labor of love, blood, sweat, and tears."


text:
NiTech® technology makes the right product first time, every time.
The essence of NiTech reactor technology allows kinetic (theoretical) reaction times obtained in labs to be delivered at pilot and full scale. This is due to the uniform mixing and plug flow achieved through the combination of fluid oscillation and baffle restrictions, which:
- delivers consistent product quality (eliminating post-reaction unit operations);
- shrinks reactor volumes (smaller);
- reduces plant inventory (safer); and
- lowers energy utilisation and waste generation (greener)).
The essence of NiTech crystalliser technology is that it delivers excellent mixing and temperature control in lab and pilot/full scale due to its ability to achieve uniform mixing, plug flow and superior heat transfer rate. It:
- delivers consistent crystal properties (eliminating post-crystallisation unit operations);
- enables uniform crystal sizes, reducing filtration time and the potential of impurity due to solvent entrapment;
- shrinks crystallizer volumes and reduces plant inventory; and
- lowers energy/solvent utilisation (greener).


text:
Long-term global warming could cause loaves of bread to shrink in size due a reduction in the amount of protein in grains, Australian scientists have found. Dr Glenn Fitzgerald, a senior researcher for the state government of Victoria who led the study, said the amount of protein in the grain is set to reduce by 2 to 14 per cent if carbon dioxide levels increase as anticipated.
Asked about the taste of the 2050 loaves, he said: "We haven't actually eaten them. We baked the loaves of bread for scientific processes," he said. "They get dried out. I don't know what it tastes like."
The Telegraph (UK) 23 Jun 2013


OptiBPM is a powerful, user-friendly software system that enables you to create designs for a variety of integrated and fiber optics guided wave problems on your computer. Beam Propagation Method (BPM) is a step-by-step method of simulating the passage of light through any waveguiding medium. An optical field can be tracked at any point as it propagates along a guiding structure in integrated and fiber optics. BPM allows computer-simulated observation of the light field distribution. You can examine the radiation and the guided field simultaneously. OptiBPM provides easy data entry for laying out waveguide devices. The layout environment contains waveguide blocks called primitives. You can design devices easily and configure various simulations. The graphical project layout is a user-friendly graphical interface for designing photonic devices. Designing tools are provided in toolbars and menu options. The tools include waveguide primitives, editing and manipulation tools, and special layout regions.
The OptiBPM program simulates light propagation in two-dimensional (2D) and threedimensional (3D) waveguide devices.
The 2D dimensions are:
- X-direction (vertical)—Transverse
- Z-direction (horizontal)—Propagation
The 3D dimensions are:
- X-direction (vertical)—Transverse
- Y-direction—Depth
- Z-direction (horizontal)—Propagation
Note: The simulated devices have a step-like effective refractive index distribution in the transverse dimension.
To obtain a 2D device from a real 3D device, apply the effective index method. The reduction from 3D to 2D consists of replacing the two-dimensional transverse crosssection of the device with a one-dimensional cross-section. The actual index crosssection is replaced by a one-dimensional effective index distribution. Although the effective index method is an approximate solution, it works for many devices.
BPM 3D provides all the tools you need for step-index waveguide design. In BPM 3D, the entry modeling data consists of the refractive index distribution, the starting propagation field, and a set of numerical parameters. The index of refraction distribution is provided by the waveguide structure laid out in the project layout. The starting field can be a waveguide mode, a Gaussian field, a rectangular field, or a user-defined field supplied from a file. The starting field and other simulation parameters are specified in the Global Data dialog box that is accessed through the Simulation menu. Output data consists of different files that can be displayed or used for other simulations.
Numerical Simulations
The OptiBPM processing environment contains the Beam Propagation Method (BPM) as its core element, as well as mode solvers that are compatible with the BPM algorithms. BPM is based on a numerical solution of equations that govern light propagation in dielectric media. BPM considers monochromatic signals and is related to solving the Helmholtz equation. Models of propagation based on approximations of the Helmholtz equation are used to:
- simplify the simulations
- reduce the processing time
- manage computer memory better
The 2D BPM simulator is based on the unconditionally stable finite difference method algorithm of Crank-Nicolson. You can customize the following program options, depending on the design:
- Algorithms giving a choice between TE and TM polarization
- Wide-angle propagation based on Padé approximants, Padé (1,1) and Padé (2,2) up to Padé (4,4)
- Starting field choice as a waveguide mode, a Gaussian field, a rectangular field, or a user field
- Starting field can be launched at an angle
- Reference refractive index choice as modal, average, or user-defined
- Simple or full transparent boundary condition (TBC)
The full 3D BPM simulator is based on:
- The Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) scheme
- Scalar algorithms
- Semi–Vector algorithms giving a choice between quasi-TE and quasi-TM polarization
- Full–Vector algorithms governing both transversal field components
Scan parameters automatically
The designer's goal is to achieve the optimum device performance. To find the optimum conditions, you often need to repeat the simulations with different design parameters. OptiBPM enables you to perform automatic, loop-like calculations called parameter scan calculations. The program names the result data files sequentially and saves the files.
Mode solvers
In OptiBPM, the mode solvers are compatible with the 2D and 3D BPM algorithm. The solvers employ different methods:
- Transfer Matrix Method (TMM) in 2D for multi-layer planar structures,
- Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) method in 3D
- Correlation Function Method (CFM) in 2D and 3D
The program for planar structures is based on resolving multiple boundary conditions at dielectric interfaces between layers. During propagation of a user-defined field, the CFM calculates the correlation integral between the input field and the propagating field at every point. This creates the field amplitude correlation function for the waveguide. The correlation function provides all the information required for a complete modal description of the fields, including:
- propagation constants
- weights of each mode
- mode eigenfunctions
The ADI method separates the X and Y derivatives into two parts of one iteration step. This method is superior to other finite-difference techniques because of its fast convergence. The ADI method also provides all propagation constants and mode eigenfunctions.
OptiBPM has state-of-the-art graphics that enable you to view, manipulate, and print field amplitude, phase, effective index distribution, and other calculated data.
The graphical features include:
- Topographical view of the 3D graphs
- Color height coding
- Solid modeling in 3D graphics
- Adding customizable colors
A monitoring window allows you to track the signal along selected multiple paths in the waveguide circuit.


In a recent survey by United Educators, it is clear that more colleges and universities than ever are implementing ERM as a way to prepare for and respond to risks and opportunities. Preparation for one of the most significant risks to these institutions, unfortunately, is not as prominent. Reputational risk is emerging as a top risk for colleges and universities due to its increasing likelihood, quickness to spread, and the high impact such a risk can have on an institution. This article assesses ERM practices at colleges and universities, describes reputational risk factors, and provides the best practices for identifying, prioritizing, and mitigating reputational risks.
ERM in Higher Education
Higher education institutions have historically been slow to adopt ERM policies and practices. However, over the past few years this has changed with 70% of institutions reporting a formal ERM process and structure in place in 2017. Board integration in the ERM process is also reportedly increasing as 69% of surveyed institutions in 2017 say that they are discussing institutional risk to the full board. Though this increase is promising, much of the responsibility of discussing risk is still falling on the audit committee with only 14% of institutions having board risk committees.
When addressing who is responsible for leading ERM within these institutions, the responses vary. Approximately 40% of respondents believe the responsibility falls on the CFO or the Chief Administrative officer and another 19% believe the responsibility falls on one of these two and is shared with another senior leader. Assigning responsibility for ERM and reputational risk is task that should be taken with great consideration as university leadership is highly scrutinized and individuals in these roles often are connected to the root causes of reputational risk events.
Reputational Risk in Higher Education
The top four reputational risks in the past three years are identified, and described by their risk factors, in descending order.
 1. Campus Climate
 1. Diversity and inclusion of student body
 2. Diversity and inclusion of senior management
 3. Controversial speakers
 2. Sexual Assault/Title IX
 1. Prevention and response to student-on-student sexual assault
 2. Title IX compliance
 3. Academic Programs
 1. Quality and integrity of academic programs
 2. Quality of students and faculty
 3. Faculty conduct
 4. Integrity of researchers and federal grant administrations
 4. Student Behavior
 1. Greek organizations
 2. Campus safety
 3. Student mental health
 4. Inclusion of international students
Going forward, the top three reputational risks of the future were identified as:
 1. Business Model
 2. Sexual Assault/Title IX
 3. Campus Climate
Interestingly, the top reputational risk that institutions believe they face in the future is sustaining the business model of universities and colleges. High tuition, large tuition discounts, and diminishing state support are all factors that test the viability of the current business model.
Managing Reputational Risks in Higher Education
When managing reputational risks, it is essential to take guidance from the ERM framework, especially the governance and culture aspects. To successfully manage their reputational risks, higher education institutions must build their governance and culture to set the tone at the top, engage leaders in risk management, enforce accountability, and demonstrate desired behaviors surrounding reputational risk. Identifying, assessing, and managing reputational risks can help ensure that when reputational risk events occur, the impact is less devastating.
Institutions can take steps to promote the identification of reputational risks by allocating resources and developing capabilities relating to the specific management of these risks. The connection between managing reputational risk and high performing institutions is a key indicator that spending energy and resources on reputational risks is more than worth the costs. High performing institutions are more likely to have a formal ERM process and structure, to proactively manage reputational risk, to know when a reputational risk event has occurred, and have a better understanding of reputational risk outcomes. However, despite this preparedness, only 57% of high performing institutions believe that they can withstand a major reputational risk event.
Best Practices for Managing Reputational Risks
There are seven key practices to best manage reputational risks.
 1. Understand the institution's current reputation through social media mentions and rankings in guidebooks.
 2. Assess the culture of the institution and make clear the mission and values of the institution.
 3. Assigned ownership of the institution's reputational risks and create specific line of communication between leaders.
 4. Consider the institution's programs, people, or areas that are highly esteemed and perceived to be above the rules.
 5. Obtain a collection of all risks and understand how non-reputational risks may affect reputational risks.
 6. Communicate the risk portfolio and mitigation plans with the Board on a regular basis, conveying the resilience of the institution should a risk event occur.
 7. Create and maintain a risk monitoring system to proactively identify potential risk events.
While colleges and universities are making progress in terms of establishing ERM policies and practices, there is still a gap in the preparedness of institutions and the probability of reputational risk events occurring. Even more concerning is the devastating impact that reputational risk events have on institutions. To improve their preparedness for such events, and promote long-term success, institutions should move toward governance, culture, and practices that help identify, prioritize, and manage reputational risks.
Link: United Educators "ERM and Reputational Risk: More Talk Than Action?"
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ERM Enterprise Risk Management Initiative 2019-02-21


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Add a Table (SSAS Tabular)

This topic describes how to add a table from a data source from which you have previously imported data into your model. To add a table from the same data source, you can use the existing data source connection. It is recommended you always use a single connection when importing any number of tables from a single data source.
To add a table from an existing data source
 1. In SQL Server Data Tools (SSDT), click the Model menu, and then click Existing Connections.
 2. On the Existing Connections page, select the connection to the data source that has the table you want to add, and then click Open.
 3. On the Select Tables and Views page, select the table from the data source you want to add to your model.
 System_CAPS_noteNote
 The Select Tables and Views page will not show tables that were previously imported as checked. If you select a table that was previously imported using this connection, and you did not give the table a different friendly name, a 1 will be appended to the friendly name. You do not need to re-select any tables that were previously imported by using this connection.
 4. If necessary, use Preview & Filter to select only certain columns or apply filters to the data to be imported.
 5. Click Finish to import the new table.
System_CAPS_noteNote
When importing multiple tables at the same time from a single data source, any relationships between those tables at the source will automatically be created in the model. When adding a table later; however, you may need to manually create relationships in the model between newly added tables and the tables that were previously imported.
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© 2015 Microsoft


What Is The Fuel Capacity Of A Formula 1 Car?
Formula 1 is an ever-growing and developing sport. The series has taken huge strides in improving technologies used in road cars. Fuel efficiency development is no different, and it has led to many changes over the years in terms of the fuel capacity of Formula 1 cars.
A Formula 1 car's fuel capacity is 110 kilograms. This fuel load has to last the car for the entirety of the race which is 305km (190 miles). The fuel burns at a much faster rate than normal cars due to the higher performance level the engines run at.
Formula 1 has developed a number of technical innovations in order to improve fuel efficiency. From KERS to hybrid power, Formula 1 is constantly pushing technology to become better. Most of these technologies are also implemented directly into road cars.
How Much Fuel Do F1 Cars Carry?
No More Refueling
With refueling during races being banned after the 2009 season, Formula 1 teams have had to develop their engines to become much more fuel efficient. They can no longer burn as much fuel as they like in order to go faster.
It has become a challenge both for engineers and drivers to get their cars from the start of the race all the way to the end without running out of fuel. Everything needs to be carefully calculated, and the engine performance needs to be monitored properly in order to stay fast enough to remain competitive.
Going The Distance
The average distance of a Formula 1 race is 305 kilometers (190 miles). This might not seem all that far for a car to go, however keep in mind these cars are driving on the limit which consumes the fuel at a much faster rate. They are also designed specifically to go just that distance and not much further.
Formula 1 cars are built to the bare minimum of what they are required to do. This is why they carry 110kg at most, with them taking on even less for qualifying laps to keep the car as light as possible. For example, building a bigger fuel tank for your car would make your car slower. It would become heavier, and there is no need to put extra fuel into the car which would slow it down.
Different Engine Modes
Instead, Formula 1 teams have very clever systems on their cars. The engine modes can be controlled from the cockpit of the car as well as the pit wall. If the car is running low on fuel, the engine can be turned down so that it uses less fuel but will not be performing at such a high level.
It's very rare for a Formula 1 car to not complete a race due to running out of fuel. Everything is calculated perfectly. Normally teams will start with 2 extra laps of fuel onboard. This is to allow for a possible safety car situation or an extra formation lap.
This also allows them to run the engine at a higher performance level later in the race if they need to catch up to a car in front to overtake. This engine mode system has made its way into road legal cars quite a while ago and has become extremely common to find in modern day cars.
The Efficiency Of Formula 1 Cars
Small But Mighty
Formula 1 have been at the forefront of improving the efficiency of cars. The days of racing with huge V12, V10, or even V8 engines are gone. Formula 1 cars now have turbocharged V6 engines that sometimes manage to produce over 1000 horsepower.
The current crop of Formula 1 cars produces more power while using less fuel than any other car. The hybrid power unit has been designed as a part of a new sustainable outlook for Formula 1. They also use sustainable fuels and energy recovery systems to make the cars more efficient.
Formula 1 has not only developed the engine to become more efficient, but they have also trialed and implemented various new technologies such as the KERS system. The KERS, or Kinetic Energy Recovery System has also been used in road cars to improve their engine efficiency and power output.
KERS started off as a small battery in the car. The battery is charged by using the kinetic energy generated while the car is braking. The driver can then choose where to use the extra power at the press of a button.
KERS was first used in Formula 1 in 2009 and was not widely accepted at first. However, the technology quickly gained a lot of traction, and eventually the battery could provide a power boost of up to 180 horsepower per lap.
Since its introduction into the sport, the KERS system has developed to become more powerful, more efficient and more durable. The system is still in use today with a stronger battery. The battery still charges under braking, with a red light flashing at the back of the car to show that the battery is harvesting energy.
A Lap Of Extra Power
The battery can then deploy energy for a full lap depending on its charging state and the amount of power it has in it. In previous years, the battery could only deploy energy for around 10 seconds per lap. This helps to push up the power output of the seemingly small engines on modern Formula 1 cars.
The 2020 Mercedes F1 engine is 50% thermally efficient. Your typical road car has a thermal efficiency of around 30%. Thermal efficiency is the ratio of work done by the engine compared to the heat supplied to it. In other words, it is the percentage of heat energy in a combustion engine that is transformed into power (or its working rate).
Relevance To The Real World
The key to all of these innovations in the sport is to remain relevant to the real world. As mentioned previously, all of the technologies tested and used in Formula 1 are implemented into real world road cars.
Road Cars
Mercedes-Benz for example are now using a form of the KERS device in some of their newer road cars. They, along with others such as Renault, are using their hybrid technology from Formula 1 in their road cars very successfully.
Formula 1 plans to become carbon neutral by the year 2030. This means that both the cars, and the forms of travel (transporting cars, crew and drivers) will have a net carbon footprint of exactly zero percent.
More Efficient Than A Plane
This in itself is a massive challenge. However, it's not impossible. A full 20 race season of Formula 1 (with 20 cars) uses the same amount of fuel as a Boeing 747 flight across the Atlantic. This proves that these cars are already super-efficient in their fuel usage.
By the year 2030, we are going to see cars with incredible technology, fuel efficiency, and energy recovery systems. Formula 1 will continue to push the limits of technology, not only for the world of motorsport, but also for our everyday lives.
Looking To The Future
As technology in Formula 1 develops, so will the tech that we get in our everyday road cars. The future is exciting, and we are going to see some big changes in the motorsport sphere as well as the automotive industry as a whole.
Final Thoughts
Formula 1 has been the ultimate engineer's playground for many years. In recent years they have focused on making the cars more fuel efficient without increasing the fuel capacity of the car (remaining at 110kg).
This is all in line with the 2030 net-zero carbon footprint plan laid out by the Formula 1 Management team and the FIA. The plan is to develop even more efficient cars and to work on more energy recovery systems and become more sustainable.


hal-00936841 _URL_ doi:10.1007/s00449-_PHONE_-0 [SUPELEC] SUPELEC [EC-PARIS] Ecole Centrale Paris [SUP_AUTO] AUTO - Département Automatique [SUP_E3S] E3S - Supélec Sciences des Systèmes [ECP-DR] ECP-DR [LGPM] Laboratoire Génie des Procédés et Matériaux [CENTRALESUPELEC] Ecole CentraleSupélec [TDS-MACS] Réseau de recherche en Théorie des Systèmes Distribués, Modélisation, Analyse et Contrôle des Systèmes [CHAIRE-BIOTECH-CS] Chaire de Biotechnologie de CentraleSupélec [CS-MODEL] Axe Modelisation Chaire Biotechnologie CS [CS-BIOTRANSFO] Axe Biotransformation Chaire Biotechnologie CS Nonlinear predictive control for maximization of CO2 bio-fixation by microalgae in a photobioreactor Tebbani, Sihem Lopes, Filipa Filali, Rayen Dumur, Didier Pareau, D. [SPI.AUTO] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic ART In the framework of environment preservation, microalgae biotechnology appears as a promising alternative for CO2 mitigation. Advanced control strategies can be further developed to maximize biomass productivity, by maintaining these microorganisms in bioreactors at optimal operating conditions. This article proposes the implementation of Nonlinear Predictive Control combined with an on-line estimation of the biomass concentration, using dissolved carbon dioxide concentration measurements. First, optimal culture conditions are determined so that biomass productivity is maximized. To cope with the lack of on-line biomass concentration measurements, an interval observer for biomass concentration estimation is built and described. This estimator provides a stable accurate interval for the state trajectory and is further included in a nonlinear model predictive control framework that regulates the biomass concentration at its optimal value. The proposed methodology is applied to cultures of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris in a laboratory-scale continuous photobioreactor. Performance and robustness of the proposed control strategy are assessed through experimental results. 2014-01 en Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering Springer Verlag


text:
Sunrise Park Resort Hotel
The Native American Culinary Association
May 18 or May 23, 2012
CULINARY WORKSHOP OUTLINE
The purpose of this program is to create an engaging culinary environment that utilizes food and
culinary culture as an axis for learning. We aim to use food as a medium to communicate and address
issues of culture, place, food ways, work-ethic, identity and wellness.
The purpose of this workshop is to examine the evolution of Indigenous Culinary Culture in the
Americas. Through active participant observation, we will utilize food as a medium to communicate
culture and history.
Another objective of this program is to creatively draw on internal resources such as personal sensory
experience with food, character, creativity and culinary inquisitiveness while developing Native
American Cuisine in this region.


text:
Factors of air ion balance in a coniferous forest according to measurements in Hyytiälä, Finland
Abstract. A new mathematical model describing air ion balance was developed and tested. It has improved approximations and includes dry deposition of ions onto the forest canopy. The model leads to an explicit algebraic solution of the balance equations. This allows simple calculation of both the ionization rate and the average charge of aerosol particles from measurements of air ions and aerosol particles, with some parameters of the forest. Charged aerosol particles are distinguished from cluster ions by their size, which exceeds 1.6 nm diameter. The relative uncertainty of the ionization rate is about the same or less than the relative uncertainties of the measurements. The model was tested with specific air ion measurements carried out simultaneously at two heights at the Hyytiälä forest station, Finland. Earlier studies have shown a difference in the predictions of the ionization rate in the Hyytiälä forest when calculated in two different ways: based on the measurements of the environmental radioactivity and based on the air ion and aerosol measurements. The new model explains the difference as a consequence of neglecting dry deposition of ions in the earlier models. The ionization rate during the 16 h campaign was 5.6±0.8 cm−3 s−1 at the height of 2 m and 3.9±0.2 cm−3 s−1 at the height of 14 m, between the tops of the trees. The difference points out the necessity to consider the height variation when the ionization rate is used as a parameter in studies of ion-induced nucleation. Additional results are some estimates of the parameters of air ion balance. The recombination sink of cluster ions on the ions of opposite polarity made up 9–13%, the sink on aerosol particles 65–69%, and the sink on forest canopy 18–26% of the total sink of cluster ions. The average lifetime of cluster ions was about 130 s for positive and about 110 s for negative ions. At the height of 2 m, about 70% of the space charge of air was carried by aerosol particles, and at the height of 14 m, about 84%.


text:
Raw Message Definition
# A header, used for interpreting the poses
# The id of the object (name used in MoveIt)
# The object type in a database of known objects
# The collision geometries associated with the object.
# Their poses are with respect to the specified header
# Solid geometric primitives
# Bounding planes (equation is specified, but the plane can be oriented using an additional pose)
# Named subframes on the object. Use these to define points of interest on the object that you want
# to plan with (e.g. "tip", "spout", "handle"). The id of the object will be prepended to the subframe.
# If an object with the id "screwdriver" and a subframe "tip" is in the scene, you can use the frame
# "screwdriver/tip" for planning.
# The length of the subframe_names and subframe_poses has to be identical.
# Adds the object to the planning scene. If the object previously existed, it is replaced.
# Removes the object from the environment entirely (everything that matches the specified id)
# Append to an object that already exists in the planning scene. If the object does not exist, it is added.
# If an object already exists in the scene, new poses can be sent (the geometry arrays must be left empty)
# if solely moving the object is desired
# Operation to be performed
Compact Message Definition


Build C++ Windows apps
Azure Pipelines | Azure DevOps Server 2019 | TFS 2018 | TFS 2017
Note
In Microsoft Team Foundation Server (TFS) 2018 and previous versions, build and release pipelines are called definitions, runs are called builds, service connections are called service endpoints, stages are called environments, and jobs are called phases.
This guidance explains how to automatically build C++ projects for Windows.
Note
This guidance applies to TFS version 2017.3 and newer.
Example
This example shows how to build a C++ project. To start, import (into Azure Repos or TFS) or fork (into GitHub) this repo:
_URL_
Note
This scenario works on TFS, but some of the following instructions might not exactly match the version of TFS that you are using. Also, you'll need to set up a self-hosted agent, possibly also installing software. If you are a new user, you might have a better learning experience by trying this procedure out first using a free Azure DevOps organization. Then change the selector in the upper-left corner of this page from Team Foundation Server to Azure DevOps.
 - After you have the sample code in your own repository, create a pipeline using the instructions in Create your first pipeline and select the .NET Desktop template. This automatically adds the tasks required to build the code in the sample repository.
 - Save the pipeline and queue a build to see it in action.
Build multiple configurations
It is often required to build your app in multiple configurations. The following steps extend the example above to build the app on four configurations: [Debug, x86], [Debug, x64], [Release, x86], [Release, x64].
 1. Click the Variables tab and modify these variables:
 - BuildConfiguration = debug, release
 - BuildPlatform = x86, x64
 2. Select Tasks and click on the agent job. From the Execution plan section, select Multi-configuration to change the options for the job:
 - Specify Multipliers: BuildConfiguration, BuildPlatform
 - Specify Maximum number of agents
 3. Select Parallel if you have multiple build agents and want to build your configuration/platform pairings in parallel.
Copy output
To copy the results of the build to Azure Pipelines or TFS, perform these steps:
 1. Click the Copy Files task. Specify the following arguments:
 - Contents: **\$(BuildConfiguration)\**\?(*.exe|*.dll|*.pdb)


text:
Bringing a Turtle, Snake, or Lizard into the United States
CDC does not regulate snakes or lizards, but does limit imports of small turtles, tortoises and terrapins and their viable eggs. Turtles with a carapace (shell) length of less than 4 inches and turtle eggs may not be imported for any commercial purpose. An individual may import as many as six small turtles or six eggs or any combination totaling six or fewer turtles and turtle eggs for noncommercial purposes. This rule was implemented in 1975 after it was discovered that small turtles frequently transmitted Salmonella to humans, particularly young children.
- Turtles with shell length (carapace) less than 4" and viable turtle eggs may NOT be imported for commercial purposes
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service regulates the importation of reptiles. Regulations regarding reptiles, fish, injurious [PDF - 2 pages] or endangered species can be found on the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service import/export website.


Testing the libraries
Both xapian-core and xapian-letor have automated test suites covering their APIs and various internals of the API implementations. They are implemented using the same C++ test harness, and so have similar features and tests in both should feel familiar once you get used to one.
There are a few environment variables which the test harness checks for which you might find useful:
XAPIAN_TESTSUITE_SIG_DFL
By default, the testsuite harness catches signals and handles them gracefully - the current test is failed, and the testsuite moves onto the next test. If you want to suppress this (some debugging tools may work better if the signal is not caught) set the environment variable XAPIAN_TESTSUITE_SIG_DFL to any value to prevent the testsuite harness from installing its own signal handling.
XAPIAN_TESTSUITE_OUTPUT
By default, the testsuite harness uses ANSI escape sequences to give colour output if stdout is a tty. You can disable this feature by setting XAPIAN_TESTSUITE_OUTPUT=plain. Alternatively, piping the output, such as through cat or more, will have the same effect.
Auto-detection can be explicitly specified with XAPIAN_TESTSUITE_OUTPUT=auto (or empty). Any other value forces the use of colour.
Colour output is always disabled on Microsoft Windows, so XAPIAN_TESTSUITE_OUTPUT has no effect there.
XAPIAN_TESTSUITE_LD_PRELOAD
The runtest script will add this to LD_PRELOAD if it is set, allowing you to easily load LD_PRELOAD libraries when running the testsuite. The original intended use was to allow use of libeatmydata which makes fsync and related calls no-ops, but configure now checks for the eatmydata wrapper script and this is used automatically.
However, there may be other LD_PRELOAD libraries which are useful, so we've left the machinery in place.
Running test programs
To run all tests, use make check. You can also run just the subset of tests which exercise the inmemory, remote progserver, remote TCP, multi-database, glass or honey backends using make check-inmemory, make check-remoteprog, make check-remotetcp, make check-multi, make check-glass or make check-honey respectively.
Also, make check-remote will run the tests on both variants of the remote backend, and make check-none will run those tests which don't use any backend. These are handy shortcuts when doing development work on a particular backend.
Running individual tests
The runtest script (in the tests subdirectory) takes care of the details of running the test programs (including setting up the environment so they work when srcdir != builddir and handling libtool dynamically linked binaries). To run a test program by hand (rather than via make) just use:
./runtest ./apitest
You can specify options and arguments. Individual test programs optionally take one or more test names as arguments, and you can also pass -v to get more verbose output from failing tests, e.g.:
./runtest ./apitest -v deldoc1
If the number of the test is omitted, all tests with that basename are run, so to run deldoc1, deldoc2, etc:
./runtest ./apitest deldoc
Running under a debugger or other tool
You can also use runtest to run a test program under gdb (or most other tools):
./runtest gdb ./apitest -v deldoc1
./runtest valgrind ./apitest -v deldoc1
Some test programs take special arguments - for example, you can restrict apitest to the glass backend using -bglass.
Speeding up the testsuite with eatmydata
The testsuite does a lot of small database operations, and the calls to fsync, fdatasync, etc which Xapian makes by default can slow down testsuite runs substantially. There's a handy LD_PRELOAD library called eatmydata, which can help here, by turning fsync and related calls into no-ops.
You need a version of eatmydata with the eatmydata wrapper script (version 37 or newer), and then configure should auto-detect it and it'll get used when running the testsuite (via runtest). If you wish to disable this auto-detection for some reason, you can run configure with:
./configure EATMYDATA=
Or you can disable use of eatmydata during a particular run of "make check" like so:
make check EATMYDATA=
Or disable it while running a test directly (under sh or bash):
EATMYDATA= ./runtest ./apitest