Eric Forgy Process Calculus
Warning: This is draft material.
Goal
To understand process calculus arrow theoretically.
First, collect some concepts. We want to think of a concurrent system as a directed graph
A processor is listening if it has edges directed toward it and is talking if it has edges directed away from it.
Any processor can be listening, talking, both, or neither.
Discussion
Note: This is extracted from a comment on the n-Cafe.
Eric: With ?process calculus? we obviously have ?processes? and ?processors?. What a processor does may depend on the order in which it receives information from some channel. I like the analogy of writing two checks for more than the bank balance and the outcome depends on which check is cashed first.
What I propose (without any claim of originality) is to try to think of ?process calculus? arrow theoretically where traversing each arrow requires a step through time. In other words, the picture should be that of a directed graph that looks reminiscent of a spacetime diagram. There should be a clear global concept of the ?flow of time?.
The significance of this is that statements like the following
Processor AA sends a message to processor BB over channel xx. Processor AA sends a response back to processor BB over the same channel.
can no longer be made.
Instead, to be explicit, you have to say something like:
Processor AA at time t 0t_0 sends a message to processor BB at time t 1t_1 over channel x A(t 0)B(t 1)x_{A(t_0)\to B(t_1)}. Processor BB at time t 2t_2 responds to channel AA at time t 3t_3 over channel x B(t 2)A(t 3)x_{B(t_2)\to A(t_3)}.
With spacetime diagrams as a motivation, instead of saying ?Processor AA at time t 0t_0?, we should think of the processor as a ?spacetime event? or ?node? in our directed graph. Then ?Processor AA at time t 0t_0? is completely distinct from ?Processor AA at time t 3t_3? since they are different points in spacetime and can have completely different behaviors depending on what has occurred between t 0t_0 and t 3t_3.
We have a bias toward thinking in terms of ?space? and not so much about ?spacetime?. The internet is a good example. You have computer AA talking to computer BB over channel xx. You can take a picture of it and label it accordingly.
However, for computer AA to talk to computer BB, it has to send information, which takes time. The ?channel? is not really a ?spacelike? link. It is a ?lightlike? link. Even though there is just one wire xx connecting the two computers there is really a series of channels for each time step. For example, at time t 0t_0 there are two distinct channels
x A(t 0)B(t 1)andx B(t 0)A(t 1).x_{A(t_0)\to B(t_1)}\quad\text{and}\quad x_{B(t_0)\to A(t_1)}.
Therefore, the ?spatial? picture of two processors with one channel
ABA\bullet\leftrightarrow\bullet B
needs to be replaced by the ?spacetime? picture
A(t 3) B(t 3) A(t 2) B(t 2) A(t 1) B(t 1) A(t 0) B(t 0)\begin{aligned} A(t_3) & \bullet & & & \bullet & B(t_3)\\ {} & {} & \nearrow & \nwarrow & {} & {}\\ A(t_2) & \bullet & & & \bullet & B(t_2)\\ {} & {} & \nearrow & \nwarrow & {} & {}\\ A(t_1) & \bullet & & & \bullet & B(t_1)\\ {} & {} & \nearrow & \nwarrow & {} & {}\\ A(t_0) & \bullet & & & \bullet & B(t_0) \end{aligned}
Note: This is a binary tree (or 2-diamond) with every even/odd transverse node identified, which can be thought of as a discrete version of the directed space S 1×IS^1\times\vec{I}.
As time evolves, the directed graph evolves where channels/directed edges exist or not depending on the availability of the processor node they?re connecting to.
Sorry for this stream of consciousness. To understand π\pi-calculus categorically, it would seem that a natural thing (and probably equivalent thing) to do is to understand it arrow theoretically. This was my initial attempt to maybe rephrase the question and start drawing some arrows.
John Baez: I think there?s something to what you say, Eric, but I think that most of these process calculi want to avoid assuming a ?global clock? that enables distant guys to agree on what time it is. So, no variable tt denoting time.
In a typical CPU you have a clock that keeps all the processes synchronized. But on the internet, things are more disorganized. So, most process calculi take a quite different attitude to time than you?re proposing. And an important aspect of the ∞-calculus is that you can say stuff like ?wait until you hear from me, then do blah-di-blah?.
That?s my impression at least. There are also asynchronous CPU?s that don?t have a central clock, but apparently they haven?t caught on.
Eric: I was a little nervous writing that, so thanks for being kind and taking the idea semi-seriously despite my presentation.
Whether or not the events are synchronized is not so important to the idea I was trying to outline I don't think, but I do think that a notion of time is important for concurrency problems (from what little I understand). Things are always moving forward. Causality is manifest I think. Processor BB cannot receive a signal from processor AA before AA sends it, etc.
So although we could drop the 'global clock', I don't know if we should drop time altogether. Although distant guys may not agree on what time it is, they should agree that event AA happened before event BB. For this we simply need a preorder (which is niftily encoded in a directed graph).
So that I can kick the idea around without distracting from the conversation here, I created Process Calculus. Anyone interested in helping, please feel free to drop any notes there as well as here.
John Baez: The interview David mentioned is quite interesting to me, since as an outsider I really want to understand what all this abstract stuff is good for. I can?t resist quoting a bit? but I highly recommend reading the whole thing:
Steve Ross-Talbot: I left SpiritSoft in about 2001, because, like all start-ups, you have to focus on the things that you can deliver immediately, and SpiritSoft needed to focus on messaging, not on the high-level stuff that I very much wanted to do.
I got a dispensation to leave and do more work on event-condition-action, whereupon I met Duncan Johnston-Watt, who persuaded me to join a new company called Enigmatec.
At Enigmatec we went back to fundamentals. This really is the thread upon which the pi-calculus rests for me. When you do lots of event-condition-actions, if the action itself is to publish, you get a causal chain. So one event-condition-action rule ends up firing another, but you do not know that you have a causal chain?at least the system does not tell you.
It troubled me, for a considerable time, that this was somewhat uncontrollable, and certainly if I were a CIO and somebody said they were doing stuff and it?s terribly flexible, I?d be seriously worried about the fragility of my infrastructure with people subscribing to events and then onward publishing on the fly.
So causality started to trouble me, and I was looking for ways of understanding the fundamentals of interaction, because these subscriptions to events and the onward publishing of an event really have to do with an interaction between different services or different components in a distributed framework.
Many years before I did any of this, I studied under Robin Milner, the inventor of the pi-calculus, at Edinburgh University. I came back to the pi-calculus at Enigmatec and started to reread all of my original lecture notes, and then the books, and finally started to communicate with Robin himself. It then became quite obvious that there was a way of understanding causality in a more fundamental way.
One of the interesting things in the pi-calculus is that if you have the notion of identity so that you can point to a specific interaction between any two participants, and then point to the identity of an onward interaction that may follow, you?ve now got a causal chain with the identity token that is needed to establish linkage. This answered the problem that I was wrestling with, which was all about causality and how to manage it.
At Enigmatec, we told the venture capitalists we were doing one


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Principal Component Analysis
1. If the Elutriation dataset in the Experiments navigator is not already highlighted, click it.
2. Click the Principal Component Analysis toolbar icon, or select Principal Component Analysis from the PCA menu, or right-click the item and select Principal Component Analysis from the shortcut menu. The PCA parameters dialog is displayed.
3. You may choose to perform PCA calculation on either Genes or Samples. The typical use of PCA is to reduce the genes to a smaller number of 'variables' as in this tutorial. Ensure that Genes is selected. (In other applications, where the samples are being thought of as 'variables' or measurements for particular genes, you would select Samples).
4. Click OK. The Experiment Progress dialog is displayed.
The dialog is dynamically updated as the PCA calculation is performed. Upon successful completion, a PCA: genes item is added to the Experiments navigator under the original dataset.
If you have automatic visualizations enabled in your user preferences, a 3D Score Plot is displayed.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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I have a db and want to know if it contains any spatial tables. Is there a table in SQL Server that holds spatial metadata i.e. a list of all the spatial tables in the current db? Oracle has the user_sdo_geom_metadata, Postgis the geometry_columns. What about SQL Server? The only spatial metadata I found was the sys.spatial_references.
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
up vote 6 down vote accepted
You can always resort to querying the INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES and COLUMNS dictionaries to find out if there are tables that are spatially enabled.
share|improve this answer
Further to unicoletti's answer, here is a SQL query that will list spatial tables and their geometry columns:
 from information_schema.columns c join
 information_schema.tables t ON c.TABLE_NAME = t.TABLE_NAME
 AND t.TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE' where c.DATA_TYPE = 'geometry'
 order by c.TABLE_SCHEMA, c.TABLE_NAME
If you're looking for geography columns change the geometry to geography in the query.
Also bear in mind a single table can have several spatial columns so it will appear twice in the query.
share|improve this answer
The "appear twice in the query" issue can be solved by removing "c.COLUMN_NAME as COLUMN_NAME" from the query, and changing "select" to "select distinct". Also, to get tables that have either spatial type or both, the WHERE clause would be "WHERE c.data_type IN ('geometry','geography')" – Jonathan Van Matre Dec 16 '11 at 19:50
Your Answer


Abstract
Purpose: Biological theories explain how exposure to child maltreatment and chronic substance abuse result in significant health reductions, often years or decades after the maltreatment and substance abuse end. Relationships among these variables are known to exist; however, the relative impact of each risk factor on disability status is not clear. Method: Adults receiving inpatient treatment for a substance use disorder (SUD) were assessed for chronic illness and disability (CID), years abusing substances, and child maltreatment severity using the Child Trauma Questionnaire (n = 112). A logistic regression model classified participants by CID status based on criterion variables; using transformed data and model parameters, the odds and probabilities were calculated for each criterion variable to determine the clinical impact of each risk factor on CID. Results: The majority (52.7%) of participants reported CID; the majority screened positively for child maltreatment (87.4%). Our model was significant and demonstrates that the odds for CID increase as a function of maltreatment severity; years abusing substances did not significantly increase the odds. For those reporting the most severe levels of maltreatment, the odds of experiencing CID translates to odds ratio (OR) = 1.92, with an associated probability of 66%. Implications: Child maltreatment severity is an important predictor of CID status, and was more likely to explain CID than years abusing drugs and alcohol in our clinical sample. Trauma-informed concurrent treatment for 3 clinical conditions of CID, childhood maltreatment, and SUD is needed for the majority of individuals seeking treatment for SUD.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)313-323
Number of pages11
JournalRehabilitation Psychology
Volume63
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - May 2018
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
 - Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
 - Rehabilitation
 - Clinical Psychology
 - Psychiatry and Mental health
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Child maltreatment severity, chronic substance abuse, and disability status'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Cite this


text:
N43RF is tasked by NHC for a one plane SFMR surface wind mission into Hurricane Frances. Takeoff from Barbados will be at 11:00 AM AST and will recover in Barbados at 5:00 PM AST.
Mission Summary :
NOAA 43 flew a second tasked operational SFMR surface wind flight
into Frances today. The flight left Barbados at 11:30 AM AST and
recovered in Barbados at 5:40 PM AST.
The SFMR again performed flawlessly and 2
surface analyses were completed in real time using the HRD H*WIND
software by Mark Powell at NHC where he consulted directly with
forecasters. One of the highest SFMR surface winds ever measured
was recorded at 118 kts. This measurement was near where a 700mb
flight level wind of 144 kts was measured. The SFMR confirmed
that Frances is now a CAT 4 hurricane.
Field Program Director
Mission Data :
Temperature and Moisture
Wind and Atlitude
Flight track detail
SFMR and flight level winds
Significant wave height

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Increasing Water Capacity, Strengthening Water Infrastructure & Ensuring Clean, Reliable Drinking Water for Customers
In response to the need to provide additional water for growing communities in western Washington County, the Joint Water Commission (JWC) —owned in partnership by the Cities of Hillsboro, Beaverton, Forest Grove and the Tualatin Valley Water District — are working to complete a multi-year water treatment expansion, improvements project, and facility plan for the JWC Water Treatment Plant.
The project, a result of nearly four years of water supply planning, addresses long-term water capacity and strengthens seismic resiliency while bringing the capacity of the plant from 75- to 85-million gallons (of water) per day (mgd) by 2019.
In addition to new and enhanced water treatment capabilities increasing the plant's treatment capacity and reliability, the project also involves strengthening water infrastructure and planning for a future plant capacity of 105-mgd. A facility plan has been developed to lay the groundwork for the immediate plant expansion as well as phased seismic improvements and expansions until ultimate plant build out.
The JWC currently treats, transmits and stores drinking water for more than 365,000 customers, and is the largest conventional water treatment plant in Oregon.
For additional information on how the project will help provide safe and cost-effective drinking water to the water service partners for current and future needs, contact City of Hillsboro Project Manager Erika Murphy at _PHONE_ or by e-mail.
- Project Status: Currently under construction
- Completion: 2019
- Total Project Value: $35 million
- Delivery Method: CM/GC
- Project Manager: Erika Murphy, City of Hillsboro
- Contractors: Jacobs (formerly CH2M) and Slayden Constructors
May 2019 Project Updates
- Installation of 36" washwater pipes are ongoing. These lines convey water recovered from the filter backwash process to our surge basin so the water can ultimately be recycled back to the start of the treatment process.
- Installation of four new raw water pumps at the Tualatin River intake facility (Spring Hill Pump Station) is complete. The new 400HP raw water pumps will allow the treatment plant to produce 85MGD.
- Filter structure concrete slab and wall pours are ongoing and will continue until June.
- Filter structure mechanical piping installation is ongoing. Mechanical piping is necessary to collect filtered water and to backwash the filters.
- Backfill around surge basin and new filter structure is ongoing.


CEMC Banner
Problem of the Week
Problem C
Step by Step
Debit and credit cards contain account numbers which consist of many digits. When purchasing items online, you are often asked to type in your account number. Because there are so many digits, it is easy to type the number incorrectly. The last digit of the number is a specially generated check digit which can be used to quickly verify the validity of the number. A common algorithm used for verifying numbers is called the Luhn Algorithm. A series of operations are performed on the number and a final result is produced. If the final result ends in zero, the number is valid. Otherwise, the number is invalid.
The steps performed in the Luhn Algorithm are outlined in the flowchart below. Two examples are provided.
The flowchart for the algorithm with the steps outlined in the adjacent text.
Example 1:
Number: \(135792\)
Reversal: \(\textcolor{red}{2}9\textcolor{red}{7}5\textcolor{red}{3}1\)
\(\begin{aligned} A&=\textcolor{red}{2+7+3}\\ &=12\\ \end{aligned}\)
\(\begin{aligned} 2\times9&=18\\ 2\times5&=10\\ 2\times1&=2\\ \end{aligned}\)
\(\begin{aligned} B&=(1+8)+(1+0)+2\\ &=9+1+2\\ &=12\\ \end{aligned}\)
\(C\) does not end in zero.
The number is not valid.
Example 2:
Number: \(_PHONE_\)
Reversal: \(\textcolor{red}{7}8\textcolor{red}{9}7\textcolor{red}{5}3\textcolor{red}{1}\)
\(\begin{aligned} A&=\textcolor{red}{7+9+5+1}\\ &=22\\ \end{aligned}\)
\(\begin{aligned} 2\times8&=16\\ 2\times7&=14\\ 2\times3&=6\\ \end{aligned}\)
\(\begin{aligned} B&=(1+6)+(1+4)+6\\ &=7+5+6\\ &=18\\ \end{aligned}\)
\(C\) ends in zero.
The number is valid.
The number \(1953\,R8T9\,467\) is a valid card number when verified by the Luhn Algorithm.
\(R\) and \(T\) are each single digits of the number such that \(R\) is less than \(T\). Determine all possible values of \(R\) and \(T\).


How to Train a Client with Bad Knees
Jun 26, 2014 | by AIF
A client with bad knees' presents a number of opportunities for a new Personal Trainer who has not encountered an issue like this before, says Australian Institute of Fitness QLD Master Coach Josh Pullman.
By bad knees', we'll assume we're talking about knee pain that restricts correct execution of a common lower body exercise like the squat, or running.
Opportunity #1
Engage with an Allied Health Professional (AHP); namely, the client's physiotherapist. With injuries (or any contraindication to exercise), knowledge is power, for example a doctor wouldn't proceed with surgery for a broken arm until he got an X-ray for guidance.
A Personal Trainer shouldn't start to train a physically impaired client without guidance from an AHP, so write a precise and professional referral and use the AHP's response to provide yourself with the clarity and confidence your client deserves from you.
Opportunity #2
Learn more about the human body! There are plenty of common causes of bad knees' arthritis, tendonopathies, ligament damage, meniscus damage, tear to muscle within the knee joint itself etc. and it could be any number of things causing knee pain.
Aim to get your knowledge base to a level where you understand how exercises can impact your clients, whether they should avoid them or should engage in them to help manage their condition.
What Now?
Contact with AHPs like physios can really help with this area of your game, as can doing additional professional development such as the Rehab Trainer Course.Once you have been provided with guidance and have found out whether 1.) the knee is permanently disabled and is in a state of decline, or 2.) its function can be improved with some smart exercise selection, you can often incorporate the recommended rehab guidelines into your client's sessions.
This may include, but is not limited to:
 - reducing range of movement during compound leg exercises (quarter range squats)
 - sticking to light/bodyweight lower body exercises
 - using low-impact cardio equipment such as the cross trainer and the bike for cardio instead of the treadmill
 - a variety of priming/rehab/stretching exercises prescribed by the physio to improve knee function at the start of the session.
Usually the exercises to avoid are ones that involve excessive knee flexion under load (e.g. deep squats), or any high-impact exercise such as jumping or bounding.
The key when treating any client who is coming back from an injury, is to keep the communication between you and your client so they can keep you aware of how they are feeling physically and mentally. In addition, you want to keep the means of communication open with your clients physio and or doctor, so you can keep them updated with what they are doing in their personal training sessions and how their progress is coming along.
Enjoy this new experience of getting to know your clients' aches and pains, and never stop learning!
If you want to further your fitness knowledge and be able to train those with chronic conditions, then become an Exercise Therapist with the Diploma of Fitness program.
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The Australian Institute of Fitness
The Australian Institute of Fitness (AIF) is the largest and longest established fitness training organisation in Australia, with dynamic training methods and expert course coaches nationwide - spanning fitness, massage and nutrition. The AIF qualifies more fitness professionals than any other provider in Australia, as well as offering a broad range of continuing education courses (CEC), upskilling resources and partnership programs for existing industry.
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Disclaimer: Where Certificate III in Fitness, Cert III/Cert 3, or Fitness Coach is mentioned, it refers to SIS30321 Certificate III in Fitness. Where Certificate IV in Fitness, Cert IV/Cert 4, or Personal Trainer is mentioned, it refers to SIS40221 Certificate IV in Fitness. Where Master Trainer Program™ is mentioned, it refers to Fitness Essentials and SIS40221 Certificate IV in Fitness. Where Master Trainer Plus+ Program™ is mentioned, it refers to SIS30321 Certificate III in Fitness and SIS40221 Certificate IV in Fitness. Where Certificate IV in Massage or Cert IV/Cert 4 is mentioned, it refers to HLT42021 Certificate IV in Massage Therapy. Where Diploma of Remedial Massage is mentioned, it refers to HLT52021 Diploma of Remedial Massage.
chatsimple


text:
Justin Winsor, (born Jan. 2, 1831, Boston, Mass., U.S.—died Oct. 22, 1897, Cambridge, Mass.), librarian who, as superintendent of the Boston Public Library (1868–77) and librarian of Harvard University (from 1877), came to be regarded as the leading figure of the library profession in the United States.
Winsor, a freelance writer in Boston, was appointed a trustee of that city's public library (1866) and then became its chief administrator, at first on a temporary basis. During his tenure of office he established numerous branch libraries in Boston. In 1876 he was a founder of the American Library Association and became its first president, serving until 1885 and again in 1897. Winsor also was a historian; he edited the Narrative and Critical History of America, 8 vol. (1884–89), and wrote several books.


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Exploring the Science of Shaving (Feb, 1957) (Feb, 1957)
Exploring the Science of Shaving
WHAT could science possibly know about your beard that you don't already know? Surely, your knowledge of how to shave that beard—gained from long and painful experience—would be more accurate than any theories scientists might have on whisker cutting. Or would it?
The chances are, you might find (as we did) that a little study on the subject of beards, can produce much more comfortable shaves. It also makes a fine topic for conversation with the boys in the back room when the poker game lags.
There is even, for instance, a correct technical name for the science of shaving. They call it pogonotomy, whether it's done by carving whiskers off with lather and a blade razor, or chopping them off dry with an electric razor. We'll discuss both methods, starting with the lather-and-slice routine.
Let's suppose, now, that you are ready to commit pogonotomy early some morning. The job facing you is to trim off a crop of hairs, each of which, when dry, is about as tough as a copper wire of the same diameter.
Preparing the Face. To eliminate the wire-like hardness in these whiskers, you will have to get water into them. Specifically, the water must penetrate the keratin protein which accounts for over 90% of the hair's weight. This keratin content of the hair will readily absorb both water and the oil that seeps out of the sebaceous glands in your skin. The problem is that when it is saturated with skin oil, the water can't get in to do its work.
You then use soap or shaving creams which emulsify and flush away oils and dirt, so that water can flood in and saturate the cleaned hairs. In two minutes' time, the water-saturated hairs will dilate 16% and soften to the point where it takes 75% less effort to shear them off.
This softening of the beard also makes your razor blades live a lot longer. Tests made at Mellon Institute showed that a blade used on a dry beard was good for only one shave. But 15 seconds spent wetting and soaping the beard upped the blade's life to two shaves without re-stropping; three minutes soaking, and blade life rose to four shaves. And 10 minutes, including a shower bath, pushed blade life to five shaves without re-stropping.
But here we are talking about razor blades, and we haven't finished preparing your face for that shave. Before you actually cover up your face with lather, take a good, close look at your beard. How you shave it will depend on these things: the type and thickness of the whiskers; the direction (grain) and angle at which the hairs emerge from the skin; and the sensitivity of your skin.
If your beard hair is white, greying or red, curly, or coarse, allow more time for preliminary soaking to soften it. If it is dark, straight and fine, time spent preparing the beard can be shortened. This was confirmed in a four-year study made by Drs. Lester Hollander and El-bridge J. Casselman at the Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh., They showed that a sample of dark hair stretched (by softening) to 0.58% of its full length after soaking 20 seconds in water at 86°F. White hair in the same time stretched to only 0.10% of its full length.
The coarseness and alignment of hair also determines the angle at which it emerges from the skin. Generally, the thicker the hair, the more erect it stands, although whiskers never grow perpendicular to the skin (except at some points on the chin). Extremely curly or kinky hair usually grows flatter against the skin. Ordinarily the whisker-skin angle is between 30° and 59° (Fig. 2).
The smaller the angle (that is, the closer the hair lies down against your skin) the harder it will be for you to get a close trim without shaving off too much skin. Tests show you will lose almost as much skin as you will hair anyhow (from.50 cc of skin to.63 cc of hair in one test,.12 cc skin to.14 cc hair in another). No wonder shaving makes your face sting!
Beard grain, or the direction your whiskers grow, is probably the most important single thing to study for getting a good shave. On most men, areas of varying grain direction are about as shown in Fig. 3. Study your whiskers with Fig. 3 in mind. Note the direction they grow in the different areas, and plan to shave with the grain, if you are using a straight or safety blade razor, and want the most comfortable shave.
Unless you've tried shaving against the grain and know you can do it consistently with only mild discomfort, don't shave with a blade razor against the grain in any of these areas. You'll get an extremely close shave, but the process will be like excavating each hair under the surface of th,e skin so that it will grow upward against the inner skin, irritating and perhaps infecting it (Fig. 2). Results will range from a slight itchiness a couple of hours after shaving to an infected beard, or sycosis barbaee.
Which Shaving Cream Should You Use? Some general rules are that a good lather should flush grit, soften the beard, lubricate the razor, have plenty of volume, stay moist, soften quickly, and mitigate irritation or infection. Menthol content is supposed to soothe the skin; lanolin, to soften it and keep it from feeling harsh after shaving; lecithin is an emulsifier that also helps soften skin; and mineral oil holds down the drying effect of soap. Using ordinary soap lather for shaving is not recommended; the alkali content is frequently too irritating.
Brushless creams are free of the soap agents which irritate some shavers. They usually are, however, slower than shaving soaps in softening the beard, and you must be sure you wash your face thoroughly beforehand, if you use them. They also may tend to shorten blade life because of their higher acidity. There is some evidence that creams containing phenol help to produce a painless shave and improve skin condition.
Canned aerosol creams are chemically closer to shaving soaps than brushless creams. Yet there is some doubt, such as that voiced by Harry Hilfer writing in the Journal of the American Medical Association, that aerosols are as efficient as other lathers. The trouble simply seems to be that men do not massage them into the beard as well as they do other soaps and creams. Ready to Carve? Remember to keep your face continuously moist from the time you start washing it until you rinse off the last bit of shaving cream. Beard hairs tend to dry out quickly. Try to shave in a warm room. Hold the razor, not like a screwdriver, but lightly and firmly with your fingertips. Don't bear down, and don't stretch the skin too much. Follow the grain of the whisker growth on your shaving strokes, wherever you can. And check your effective shaving angle.
This is the angle (Fig. 5) formed between the blade near its edge, and a line passing downward through this edge and tangent to the razor's guide bar. When this angle is too large, the blade tends to dig in, causing razor burn or incisions. When it's too small, the razor tends to toboggan-slide over your beard, not digging in enough to cut it. Experts say a 20 to 25° angle will cause little pain, but when it widens to over 40°, look out! Sometimes careful bending of the guide bar or realignment of the blade-clamping device can correct the angle.
First Aid for Problem Shavers. If you have followed the suggestions we have listed, and find your skin is just as irritated afterwards, try using cold water for the second lathering' and use a shaving soap or cream containing menthol. Some men use cold water for everything but the first wash and rinsing the razor. One fellow even obtained a patent on a system for sensitive shavers: wash, lather and rinse entirely in cold water but use a hot razor head and razor blade.
You might also try shaving with a blade that's not quite new. Tests have shown that pain (researchers call it shaving trauma) is caused less often by dull blades than by sharp ones, and blades dulled by at least one shave are less likely to cut into small capillaries.
If you have given your beard the proper pre-shave washing and soaking, and you still have to pull and pull the razor across your face, losing your beard only gradually, three things may be wrong: the lather may be too stiff, the blade may be too dull, or the effective shaving angle of your razor may have decreased.
Shaving with Electric Razors. Over 24 million American males now own or have owned an electric shaver.
The reason for this popularity is simple: speed. In one or two minutes you can shave close enough with an electric shaver to please anyone except your favorite girl or your barber. In five minutes you can do a fairly close job.
For a close, comfortable shave with^your electric or other mechanical shaver, first wash face and neck thoroughly at least five minutes beforehand, and don't linger in the steamy atmosphere of the bathroom. Face should be dry. Pre-shave lotions are supposed to dissolve oils, flush grit off the whiskers. Pre-shave powders are supposed to absorb

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Protruding into the road from the south side of Main Street, Winster's 17th century Market House consists of a brick-built, gabled upper storey and a stone-built ground floor, whose arches are now blocked-in, but were almost certainly open in former times. This 'stand-out' structure was acquired by the National Trust in 1906 as their first property in Derbyshire. It contains an information centre and a model of the village made by members of the local history society.
In the decades following the granting of a market charter, Winster grew rich on proceeds from lead-mining and also became an important stopping place on the turnpike road running from Nottingham to Newhaven. The resulting building boom saw the erection on both sides of Main Street of townhouses designed in the 18th century's most fashionable architectural styles.
Amongst scores of listed buildings in this superb street, there is an unusual pair of terrace houses where Palladian-style windows located on the ground and first floors look as if they are shared in some unfathomable way by the two properties. The small doorway of a much more modest house at the other end of the street is covered, rather ostentatiously, by a large semicircular hood.
But the most eye-catching building is Winster Hall. Described by the late architectural historian John Tarn as a 'five-bay building of moderate size but with considerably greater pretension', the hall features a bewildering array of architectural elements, including rusticated quoins, an elliptical window set above a grand central doorway, and giant pilasters supporting a balustraded parapet. According to legend, the daughter of one incumbent of the hall and her lover leapt to their deaths from the parapet because her father had refused to give permission for them to marry.
Once the home of Llewellyn Jewitt, the distinguished engraver, scientist and author, the hall served as a public house from the 1970s to the early 1990s. It has now been converted into luxury holiday accommodation for up to 16 people.
Winster's two remaining pubs are located to the south of Main Street where two picturesque streets, known as West Bank and East Bank, wind their way up a steep hillside.
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Peak National Park and Ride
Andrew Griffihs asks what the future holds for transport in the Peak National Park and talks to Julian Glover about his Landscapes Review
Mike Smith explores the village of Bradbourne, which has a particularly poignant tale to tell
What lies beneath
Exploring the hidden depths of Ladybower Reservoir, which conceals secrets of a fascinating past
Battle for our birds
Paul Hobson analyses our complex relationship with birds of prey and how these fascinating birds are fairing in Derbyshire
Explore the Peak Forest
A walk through autumn fields and forests with far reaching views enriched by snippets of mystery, romance and the area's industrial past
Pictures to transport you
Chesterfield photographer David Keep continues his photographic journey, this time recalling his favourite landscape images from around the world
The magic of Christmas
Ideas for days out, gifts and where to find local produce in Derbyshire this festive season
PENNY for the Guy
We take a look at Derbyshire's bonfire tradtions through history
From hardship came happiness
Pat Ashworth speaks with Chesterfield based retired Colonel John Doody about his inspiring life, from a diffiult childhood to overcoming diversity and finding happiness
A place to call home
Lady Edward explains to Derbyshire Life why Haddon Hall is so much more than 900 years of history
HOLISTIC PRACTICES FOR GRIEF
KATHRYN DRURY WAGNER speaks with trauma expert Kathryn Templeton on how to move from immobilization into balance and harmony.
The final slam
It is now 15 years since the 'Sussex Slammer' tour ran, marking the official end of mainline slam-door EMU operation.
The Blueprint That Never Was
Sarah Winchester, wife of William Wirt Winchester who popularized the 'repeating rifle', built a sprawling mansion with no blueprint, in order to escape the ghosts of her past.


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Know how to use "fewer" and "less"? Find out.
Systems or components, possibly from different origins, working together to perform some task. Interworking depends crucially on standards to define the interfaces between the components. The term implies that there is some difference between the components which, in the absence of common standards, would make it unlikely that they could be used together. For example, software from different companies, running on different hardware and operating systems can interwork via standard network protocols.


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1. Cultivate a philosophy of appreciation
When was the last time you were thrilled over something as simple as blowing bubbles? Cultivating a philosophy of appreciation is about seeing opportunities in the seemingly insignificant, and reframing them as important to your wellbeing.
2. Understand that life is made up of 'moments'
These are just as vital as conventional units of time. When you review your day ahead and think, 'Meeting at 1pm', also say, 'Moments matter', then make a pact with yourself to notice the sun break through the clouds, or the wind move through the trees.
3. Write a list of daily 'joys'
At the end of the day, create a list of things that stood out for you in a 'small pleasures' book. If you've had a tough day, you may have to work hard to find a positive moment. Even if it's, 'Drank the perfect coffee', that's something to find joy in.
'Small Pleasures' (The School of Life, £14.99)


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Ground water plays an important role for civil works and underground environment. The latest model ground water flow meter is tested in laboratory to verify its applicability for Vietnam-made PVC pipes which have different slit shape and interval from Japanese pipes. The test result shows that the GWF Meter works propoerly even in Vietnam-made PVC pipe. Filed application in Japan shows that the GWF Meter is useful to solve water leakage problem of ponds or lakes resultinfg preservation of a historically siginificant emvironment.
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Application of a latest-model ground water flow meter
Published: 16 November 2022 by MDPI in OHOW 2022 – The 1st International Symposium on One Health, One World session Infrastructure Management and Sustainable Built Environment
_URL_ (registering DOI)
Keywords: Groundwater Velocity Vietnam-made-PVC


What is the Law Regarding Employment in Pass Christian?
Employment law in Pass Christian governs relationships between employer and employees, and independent contractors. This area of law regulates such employment issues as hiring procedures, wage amounts, and termination. Employers and their employees alike should be knowledgeable of Pass Christian employment laws.
"At-Will" vs. Contract Employment Terms
Employment is usually considered to be "at-will", although at times the employer and employee may have an employment contract preventing termination before it expires. "At-will" employers or employees may terminate the employment at any given time, if the reasons are not illegal. Federal and state laws govern the enforcement of employment clauses provisions for citizens of Pass Christian.
Anti-Discrimination laws in Pass Christian
Discriminating at any point of employment such as hiring, workplace environment, and terminating, is illegal according to laws applicable to Pass Christian residents. Individuals who live in the city of Pass Christian are required to follow laws which employers from discriminating based on certain classes. These classes include race, gender, disability, national origin, and age.


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- Students will learn how the federal government estimates the poverty line.
- Students will calculate alternatives to the federal estimate, in small groups or individually.
- Students will discuss the possible effects of underestimating the poverty line.
- Copies of the How Much Income is Really Required to Make Ends Meet? (PDF) for small groups or individual students (The handout can be adapted for younger students.)
The federal poverty line is used to determine individuals' and families' eligibility for particular kinds of aid and services and also is an important benchmark that helps the nation know how many Americans are struggling financially each year, and over time.
In 2012, the federal government set the poverty line for a family of four at $23,050. The figure is based on food costs — the government identifies how much it should cost to feed a family of four for one year and then multiplies that number by three. The formula has been used for decades.
What it fails to capture is this: In today's America, food expenses represent just one-fifth of the average household budget, not a third. Other costs — housing, health care, childcare and transportation — typically eat up larger portions of a family's budget.
Ask students if they have ever heard of the federal poverty line. If so, invite them to share what they know. Review the above framework and objectives with students.
Working in diverse small groups, or individually, ask students to complete the handout (PDF). Be sure to "walk the room" and help students or groups who are struggling with particular portions of the word problem. The answers, along with mathematical solutions, appear below.
So, how much income is really required to make ends meet?
1: Adjusting the federal estimate
- Based on the government's estimate, what is the annual cost of food for a family of four? ($23,050/3=$7,683.30)
- If annual food costs represent one-fifth of a family's expenses, how much money does a family need to purchase food and everything else it needs?
$7,683.30 = x
x= ($7,683.30x100)/20 = $38,416.50
The adjusted federal estimate is.
2: Using other benchmarks
What if the government used other factors —childcare or housing costs, for example — to calculate the poverty line, instead of food costs?
Typical rental (2 bedroom) costs in the United States today run $949 per month (Source), and a family with one four-year-old and one school-aged child pays an average of $1,066 per month in childcare costs (Source)
- If the federal estimate was based on childcare cost, not food, the poverty line would be.
- If the federal estimate was based on housing costs, not food, the poverty line would be.
($1,066 x 12 months x 3= $38,376)
($949 x 12 months x 3= $34,164)
So, how severely does the federal poverty line underestimate income a family really needs to make ends meet?
|Federal Estimate||Adjusted Federal Estimate||Childcare Benchmark||Housing Benchmark|
1. Judged against the adjusted federal estimate, the federal estimate underestimates the income necessary by.
($38,416.50 -$23,050=$15,366.50)/$38,416.50)=.39 (40%)
2. Judged against an estimate based on childcare costs, the federal estimate underestimates the income necessary by.
3. Judged against an estimate based on housing costs, the federal estimate underestimates the income necessary by.
Remind students that the federal poverty line serves two primary purposes: 1) to establish eligibility (or ineligibility) of individuals and families for certain kinds of aid and services, and 2) to help the nation gauge the number of Americans who are struggling financially, in a given year and over time.
As a whole class, discuss:
- Based on what we've learned, how likely is it that a family making $25,000 a year — an income above the poverty line — would struggle financially? Why? (Very likely — we've learned that it could take anywhere from $23,050 to $38,416 for a family of four to make ends meet.)
- What are some possible effects of the government underestimating the poverty line? (Answers will vary, but may include: people who need aid and services won't get them; the government won't really know how many people are struggling; it paints a healthier economic picture than there really is.)
- Why might the government be hesitant to change its formula for calculating the poverty line? (Answers will vary, but may include: we're running a deficit, and don't have money to provide more aid; it's the way they've always done it; changing it would mean changing lots of government programs, and that would be cumbersome for a big bureaucracy like the federal government.)
- Do you think the federal government should change the way it calculates the poverty line? Why? (Answers will vary.)
Statistical data in this activity is drawn from Ending Poverty, eds. John Edwards, Marion Crain and Arne L. Kalleberg, The New Press, 2007, Income, Expenditures, & Wealth, U.S. Census Bureau, 2004, at _URL_ and the Bureau of Labor Statistics at _URL_.
To help students understand that working people with all kinds of jobs can struggle financially or experience poverty, allow time for them to research the median wages of different professions. A good place to start is the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Samples include:
Profession: Median Salary
School cook: $24,230
Retail salesperson: $25,130
Preschool teacher: $30,150
City bus driver: $37,440
News reporter: $27,600
Realtor: $51,170 (includes commissions)
Note: These salary numbers assume full-time employment (40 hours per week) for 52 weeks per year.
(Source: All of the salaries are from this link: _URL_


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In addition to defining eligibility, an important issue that public agencies must tackle in designing a land retirement instrument is the choice of a decision rule for selecting the land to be retired. An attempt was made to examine the selection mechanisms used by the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and Conservative Reserve Enhancement Program (CREP) and to compare the effectiveness of these programs at abating off-site sediment loadings in the La Moine watershed in Illinois. For this purpose, a hydrologic model together with detailed spatial data about location and physical attributes of land parcels enrolled in CRP and CREP in this watershed were considered. Following this, the efficiency of alternative targeting instruments to enroll a given land acreage in CREP from the eligible area in the La Moine watershed was compared. The alternative rules considered include maximizing costs, and maximizing the sediment abatement-to-cost ratio. The potential for using a simple measure of off-site sediment abatement was also examined based on observable characteristics of land parcels to target land for enrollment in CREP. Overall, data indicate that a competitive selection process that takes environmental benefits and rental costs into consideration before enrolling parcels can improve the performance of CREP in Illinois relative to current levels achieved by enrolling parcels of a first-come basis.
|Original language||English (US)|
|Number of pages||8|
|Journal||American Journal of Agricultural Economics|
|State||Published - Nov 2005|
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
- Economics and Econometrics


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Does the Laplace equation on a rectangle with Dirichlet boundary conditions at two opposing sides and Neumann boundary conditions at the other two, always have a solution? If it does, is it unique? Is the same true for the discrete Laplace equation (with the standard five-point laplacian)?
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3 Answers 3
The solution to the Dirichlet problem is unique by the maximum principle. For the same reason, the solution to the Neumann problem is unique up to a constant.
At worst your problem would fail uniqueness by a constant, but those Dirichlet conditions you've got will prevent this.
This carries over to the discrete case. But note that the discrete case is an easier problem since you can just write out the matrix you need to invert and check if it's invertible.
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I am not familiar with the discrete case. As for continuous case, I think you can use the method of images to solve this problem. It should always have a solution and it should be unique, due to the fact that the underlying Green's function is unique. In particular, to construct the Green's function, after reflecting by a Neumann or Dirichlet boundary, you put a same (resp. opposite) source (Delta function). By this way, we have an infinitely many sources, then your Green's function is the sum of the effects by all the sources. Hope it can help. :-)
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I believe you can just use separation of variables.
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Your Answer


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Crops are highly susceptible to drought in sloping land. Due to its good adaptability to complex terrain, sprinkler irrigation is one of the commonly used methods for sloping land. To improve water application uniformity for sprinkler irrigation on sloping land, an experiment was conducted on an artificial slope to determine the effects of pulsating versus constant pressure on sprinkler flow rate, radius of throw, water distribution pattern, and water application uniformity. Compared with sprinkler flow rate and water distribution uniformity at constant pressure, sprinkler flow rate was not reduced, but water distribution uniformity for a single sprinkler was improved due to the decreased uphill throw, downhill throw and the ratio of downhill throw to uphill throw at pulsating pressure. The Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient (CU) value of water distribution for a single sprinkler at pulsating pressure was about 10% higher than that of constant pressure. When water distribution of single sprinkler overlapped with rectangular arrangement, CU values for pulsating pressure were on average 4.06% higher than those for constant pressure with different sprinkler spacings. Thus, pulsating pressure is recommended for use in sprinkler irrigation on sloping land to improve water application uniformity.
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited


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During the height of the pandemic, many states shut down hospitals' elective surgeries to conserve beds and PPE for COVID-19 patients. Since then, elective care has fully resumed at many locations, but the backlog of non-emergent procedures continues to linger. And with additional waves of COVID cases hitting facilities across the country, many hospitals have announced they are again postponing elective procedures.
Not only does this affect patient care, it impacts hospital revenue. According to a report by healthcare consulting firm McKinsey & Company, healthcare systems lost an estimated $200 billion between March and June 2020 alone due to cancelled surgeries.
How big is the backlog?
It's unclear just how much of a backlog there may be, and it likely depends on a facility's location and size.
Healthcare executives responding to the McKinsey & Company survey stated they were worried about a potential backlog and may have trouble addressing it due to "workforce availability, enhanced sanitation protocols, and reserved inpatient capacity." The report cites two additional studies that echo this sentiment — the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery estimates a cumulative backlog of more than 1 million joint and spine surgeries by 2022 and the Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery estimates a backlog of between 1.1 and 1.6 million cataract surgeries in the same time frame.
The report estimates that even if hospitals were to operate at 10% above their baseline volumes, "around 20 months would be required to work through the pent-up demand from 2020."
In addition, many patients are now seeking care with more acute conditions than prior to the pandemic. On Becker's cardiology and heart surgery podcast, Dr. Marc Pelletier, division chief of cardiac surgery at University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, says the backlog of returning heart patients is putting a strain on their resources. "We're seeing patients that are a lot sicker who, while this was going on, were maybe not getting as much care as they normally would have for various reasons," he says. "That definitely is having a big impact on our resources and the patients that we're having to treat."
Strategies for addressing an elective surgery backlog
While it's hard to predict the effects of additional pandemic waves on non-emergent procedures and surgeries, there are things that healthcare facilities can do today to begin addressing the backlog. Here are four key strategies to consider.
1. Use data analytics to prioritize procedures
Many hospitals have turned to data in order to prioritize which patients should be seen following a delay in surgical procedures.
With cases rising across the country, hospitals need to figure out a smarter way of doing surgeries with limited bed space, says Randy Rodriguez, a business intelligence analyst for CHG Healthcare. "A lot of hospitals are starting to create algorithms and analytical tools," he says.
For example, Phoenix Children's Hospital was able to successfully reschedule 3,000 backlogged surgeries thanks to a newly-created dashboard. It served as a central hub for all information and assisted surgeons, schedulers, and other frontline staff in coordinating care.
Likewise, HCA Healthcare created a dashboard with color-coded warning levels that alert staff to potential surges, and Tenet Healthcare is monitoring public health data to better anticipate their patient census as COVID-19 cases rise and fall.
2. Watch for signs of burnout and monitor provider health
"Burnout is a big issue and it's ongoing," says Gary L. Roth, DO, MBA, FACOS, and Chief Medical Officer for the Michigan Hospital & Health Association. "We're seeing staff that are just starting to recover from the traumas they dealt with during the peak of COVID, and now here they are again without even having a chance to completely recover from it."
Yet he says many surgeons thrive on being busy, and they're happy to return to normal surgical volumes and are eager to do more procedures to recoup lost income.
Either way, healthcare organizations should be mindful of their employees' mental health and adjust staffing as necessary.
3. Use temporary staff to increase capacity as needed
In cases of staffing shortages or provider burnout, temporary staffing options — like locum tenens physicians or travel nurses, therapists, and lab techs — may be a way to help your facility meet surgical demands.
Workforce shortages are the number one barrier facilities face in increasing surgical volume, according to the McKinsey report, and Dr. Roth says he's heard from many organizations who are short on staff — particularly nurses, respiratory therapists, lab techs, and pharmacists.
One way to keep procedures on schedule is to bring in temporary staff who can support your surgical team, says Rodriguez. "We can get a locum or traveler in place to help with the backlog, and then you can return back to normal capacity when it's over."
Without knowing how cases will impact hospital capacity, having the ability to bring in additional staff quickly can help organizations remain nimble and recover lost revenue while continuing to provide care.
4. Coordinate with other facilities in the community
When working through your elective surgery backlog, patient care needs to take top consideration, even if that means patients will be better served by going elsewhere.
Regional cooperation between facilities is the top solution listed in the "Roadmap for maintaining essential surgery during COVID-19 pandemic," a joint statement released by several medical associations, including the American College of Surgeons. "Facilities should engage in regional cooperation to address capacity and new patient needs," it states, adding that organizations should work together to ensure the appropriate numbers of beds, PPE, and trained staff are available.
In Wisconsin, Advocate Aurora Health has been transferring patients from crowded hospitals to those with available beds. They also brought in nurses from hospitals in Illinois to address patient surges. Additionally, regulatory changes removed CMS requirements for inpatient procedures, which allowed some patients to receive faster care in ambulatory surgery centers.
Focusing on patient care
The pandemic has stretched healthcare organizations and providers to their limits, but they're still finding ways to provide care to those who need it most. Implementing a variety of creative strategies to address surgical backlogs — from dashboards to community cooperation — will help ensure patients are treated without unnecessary delay and contribute to a better patient experience.
CHG can provide your healthcare facility with the doctors, nurses, and allied professionals you need to provide the best care for your community. Contact us by phone at _PHONE_ or email at _EMAIL_.


How euro-area government deficits have changed
Euro-area government deficits – the difference between spending and revenues – were high before the introduction of the euro. By 1998, after several years of preparations for the euro, these deficits had been substantially reduced and indeed some countries had surpluses. After the launch of the euro in 1999, deficits were generally kept under control and within the 3% limit set by the SGP. However, the 2008 financial crisis has led to increasing deficits in some countries and falling surpluses in others – as governments support jobs and growth.
Source: European Commission


LDAP and Weblogic; Using ApacheDS as authentication provider for Weblogic
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A Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) server is often used to centralize management of users/groups/credentials within enterprises. An LDAP server stores user information such as group memberships and often also authorization/authentication data. You can use this information to authenticate on Weblogic Server. In this blog post I will provide a small introduction, some suggestions on how LDAP connections can be debugged and an example how an LDAP server (ApacheDS in this example) can be used as an external authentication provider in Weblogic server.
Introduction
Weblogic server, authentication providers and LDAP servers
Weblogic server provides an abstraction layer for security services; Oracle Platform Security Services or OPSS. See _URL_ This abstraction layer / framework makes it possible for applications running on Weblogic server to have one API to talk to. They do not need to know details on how to interface with each security provider separately.
opssarchitecture
Beneath this API can be several security providers as is shown in the image below. These providers can be implemented by for example LDAP servers. There are also other options available such as using an RDBMS. See for examples _URL_
CaptureSecurityProviders
Some applications can only talk to one security provider. You have two main options to present the different providers as one (virtualizing providers). Oracle Virtual Directory (OVD); see _URL_ OVD allows different providers to be presented as a single LDAP server. It is quite flexible and configurable and even allows using a plain database table as source data for your authentication. It does require a separate license though. Another option is using LibOVD which is provided as part of Weblogic Server license. It allows virtualizing several LDAP security providers (but only LDAP providers!). It has less features than OVD and is more limited in possible configuration. It for example does not have its own webinterface. See for more information: _URL_
Debugging authentication
In you click on a server and go to the debug tab, you can set several debug scopes related to authentication/authorization. I would suggest the following (especially DebugSecurityAtn is important):
CaptureDebug
You can now see a lot of security related information in DefaultServer.log located in C:\Users\maart_000\AppData\Roaming\JDeveloper\system12.1.3.0.41._PHONE_\DefaultDomain\servers\DefaultServer\logs in my case since I'm using the JDeveloper Integrated Weblogic Server.
If I try to login with a non existing user (for example dummy) I get the following (among a lot of other things):
LDAP Atn Login username: dummy
authenticate user:dummy
getConnection return conn:LDAPConnection { ldapVersion:2 bindDN:""}
getDNForUser search("ou=people,ou=myrealm,dc=DefaultDomain", "(&(uid=dummy)(objectclass=person))", base DN & below)
DN for user dummy: null
returnConnection conn:LDAPConnection { ldapVersion:2 bindDN:""}
getConnection return conn:LDAPConnection { ldapVersion:2 bindDN:""}
DN for user dummy: _NOT_EXIST_
returnConnection conn:LDAPConnection { ldapVersion:2 bindDN:""}
javax.security.auth.login.FailedLoginException: [Security:090302]Authentication Failed: User dummy denied
This indicates an LDAP connection can be made (Weblogic is provided with its own 'internal' LDAP server). It also shows the LDAP query used and that the DN (distinguished name) for dummy cannot be found.
When I login to the server with user Weblogic but a wrong password, I get the following:
LDAP Atn Login username: weblogic
authenticate user:weblogic
getConnection return conn:LDAPConnection { ldapVersion:2 bindDN:""}
getDNForUser search("ou=people,ou=myrealm,dc=DefaultDomain", "(&(uid=weblogic)(objectclass=person))", base DN & below)
Retrieved guid:98DDA8501A4011E4AF6BC34CE98F6E2A
DN for user weblogic: uid=weblogic,ou=people,ou=myrealm,dc=DefaultDomain
returnConnection conn:LDAPConnection { ldapVersion:2 bindDN:""}
authenticate user:weblogic with DN:uid=weblogic,ou=people,ou=myrealm,dc=DefaultDomain
getConnection return conn:LDAPConnection { ldapVersion:2 bindDN:""}
authentication failed 49
returnConnection conn:LDAPConnection { ldapVersion:2 bindDN:""}
javax.security.auth.login.FailedLoginException: [Security:090302]Authentication Failed: User weblogic denied
Here you can see the server was able to determine the DN for user Weblogic. What you also see is that no connection to an external server is made. This is an indication the internal LDAP server is used.
Now let's try an external LDAP server as authenticator.
Weblogic and using a custom LDAP
Setting up an LDAP server
I decided I did not want to use OpenLDAP as authentication provider in Weblogic server. Why not? There is already a lot of information online about it and I did not like manual editing of configuration files and a lot of commandline. See for example the quickstart guide on _URL_ A nice example on how you can use OpenLDAP to achieve Weblogic authentication can be read here: _URL_ I decided to try ApacheDS and Apache Directory Studio. See: _URL_ Looked like nice products and I could use a GUI for the LDAP server configuration.
You can install Apache Directory Studio which has an ApacheDS server included. Getting it up and running should take you less then 5 minutes. For the initial connection see _URL_ Port is 10389, Bind DN is uid=admin,ou=system and the default password is secret.
CaptureApacheDS
As we can see, admin is member of the group Administrators.
CaptureAdminUnderSystem
If we want to create our own users, you can add them in the group ou=users. When adding a user, make sure it has the inetOrgPerson class. You can also copy the admin user to the ou=users group for reference.
CaptureUserDefinition
In the Administrators group you can then add more uniqueMembers by DN. Users need to be member of this group to allow them to log into Weblogic console.
CaptureUserDefinition2
If you want to debug ApacheDS; it uses the Log4J logging framework so just locate your log4j.properties and set some debug options. INFO does not provide you with the exact LDAP queries/statements so I recommend using the DEBUG setting.
CaptureLog4j
Configuring Weblogic
See for general information _URL_ Generic LDAP 2 or 3 compliant LDAP servers are supported. LDAP v3 servers are required (as per specification) to be LDAP v2 compatible. Please mind that any change to the authentication provider configuration requires a server restart so it's recommended to configure it correctly in one go.
First create the authentication provider:
CaptureCreateAtn
Set the provider and the default authentication provider to SUFFICIENT so it will be enough if a user is present in one of the LDAP servers. If you forget to set the default provider to SUFFICIENT, it will never get to the newly configured provider but will reject the login if the user is not found in the embedded LDAP (you can see in the debug logs that ApacheDS is not queried).
CaptureSufficient
Do not forget to set the correct credentials/port to login to the LDAP server. See the below screenshot. The default password is still secret.
CaptureLDAPCredentials
Also set the DN for users (ou=system,ou=users) and groups (ou=system,ou=groups). Changing this and testing new queries is relatively easy. Queries can be tested with for example Apache Directory Studio. Remember though that every change in the Weblogic configuration concerning the authentication providers, requires a server restart.
Restart the server. Now you can login using your new users from the ApacheDS LDAP server. If it fails, you now know how to debug it. Also read the tips in the conclusion part of this post to help you fix common issues.
LibOVD
If you want to use the users from the


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1. "An Assembly Such as This" is the retelling of which author's original work?
2. Which classic novel is "An Assembly Such as This" a retelling of?
3. What is Darcy's first name?
4. What does Darcy notice about Bingley's sisters at the assembly hall?
5. What caused Bingley to be the subject of jokes in town?
6. How does Darcy react to Mr. Lucas when they are introduced?
7. While Bingley dances, where does Darcy position himself in the assembly hall?
This section contains 4,556 words
(approx. 16 pages at 300 words per page)


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Your Favourite Photoshop Tutorials in One Place
Create a Mother Ship Flying in the Sky
Under Drawing Effect, Photoshop Tutorial
In this tutorial, it will show you how to create a mother ship flying in the sky. Here will give you some concepts for drafting and painting a nice mother ship scenery.
You may wonder how a human portrait to be formed nicely. You will learn how to color the skins, add shadow and lighting to your skins. Once you get familiar with this skill, you can draw up any human portrait easily. This tutorial will take Ila from the Noah as a nice example.
This tutorial will show you to vary your vector elements using Layer Styles, adding glows, drop shadows and other variants. You'll also learn tips such as adding a vignette behind other layers.
Painting a human portrait requires advance Photoshop brushes skills. Once you are familiar with the brushes setting, and apply shadow on right area of face, then your whole artwork would look fantastic and like a real image.
This tutorial will show you the steps of making a nice cartoon drawing for a warrior holding a flying dragon scene in an easy way. You can create your own cartoon artwork based on this skill. It will demonstrate you how to carry out the painting works.


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So far, you've just defined the slider content. The next step is to actually define a slider.
You can define as many sliders as you want, each with different content, and each with a different name. It can simplify things if you use the same name for the Slider Posts post that defined the gallery, and the corresponding Slider definition – e.g., "Colorado".
To define a slider, open the dashboard Weaver Posts/Slider admin page, and open the Sliders tab. In the Select Slider box, enter the name of the slider (Colorado) in the "Enter name for new slider" box, and click the Create New Slider button.


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Quarter 1 Start up kit , Bachelor Button Flowers
About Bachelor's Button
(also known as Bunga Butang in Malaysia)
Bachelor's Button flowers are small, showy blooms, averaging 2 to 5 centimeters in diameter, and have a spreading, upright appearance.
The flowers grow on long, grey-green stems that can extend over one meter in height, and each flower is comprised of small, narrow, and jagged petals that cluster around a central disc. The flowers have a frilly, delicate appearance, and the petals are soft and crisp.
Wild varieties of Bachelor's Button flowers were primarily a cobalt blue, but with increased cultivation, the flowers now appear in shades of blue, purple, crimson, pink, and white. Bachelor's Button flowers emit a faint aroma, and the petals are edible, containing a subtly vegetal, sweet, and peppery taste with cucumber and clove nuances.
Bachelor's Button flowers are native to Europe and Western Asia and have been growing wild since ancient times.
Bachelor's Button flowers thrived in temperate regions and were once widely found in fields across Europe. Over time, herbicides and habitat destruction significantly reduced the wildflower's prominence, eventually causing it to become endangered in some regions of Europe. Despite their decline in the wild, Bachelor's Button flowers became a favored cultivated flower and were naturally bred to showcase multi-colored hues beyond the classic blue.
Bachelor's Button flowers are commonly found in corn and grain fields, grassy plains, along property borders, and in curated home gardens throughout Europe, Asia, Northern Africa, Canada, the United States, and Australia.
Bachelor's Button flowers, botanically classified as Centaurea cyanus, are an ancient wildflower belonging to the Asteraceae family. The brilliantly colored flowers are easy-to-grow annuals, first discovered in grasslands, pastures, fields, and meadows. Over time, the flowers were selected for commercial cultivation and were bred to showcase vibrant hues and unusual, jagged petals naturalized worldwide. Bachelor's Button flowers are also hardy plants, sometimes acquiring the title of an invasive species in specific landscapes, but this hardiness has captured the favor of home gardeners who appreciate the plant's resilience. The flowers are self-seeding and can grow in many types of soil, and there are several common names for the flowers used worldwide, with Cornflowers being the most prevalent. Bachelor's Button flowers are also known as Boutonniere flower, Blue Bonnet, Blue Cap, Basket flower, Blue Bottle, Ragged Sailors, and Hurtsickle. The flowers earned their bachelor moniker from the Victorian Era. Single men would often wear a Cornflower in the buttonhole of their suit when they were courting women. The flower was a symbol of love and availability, and this practice eventually led the flowers to be a popular wedding boutonniere. Bachelor's Button flowers have been used for centuries in culinary, medicinal, decorative, and practical applications. The flowers are preserved when dried, frequently used for everlasting flower arrangements, and the petals can be incorporated fresh or dried into culinary dishes, fabric dyes, and medicinal teas.
Bachelor's Button flowers contain low amounts of vitamin C to reduce inflammation, folate to produce red blood cells, and calcium to protect bones and teeth. The flowers have also traditionally been used in natural medicines as an anti-inflammatory, steeped into teas and other mixtures. Bright blue Bachelor's Button flowers get their vibrant hues from protocyanin, an anthocyanin pigment that contributes intense coloring to the petals. Protocyanin is what gives roses their rich red hues.
Bachelor's Button flowers are utilized fresh or dried as a vibrant, edible garnish in culinary preparations. The flowers can be placed whole on top of cakes, main dishes, or appetizers for visual impact, removed before consumption, or the petals can be separated and individually scattered over dishes. Bachelor's Button flowers have a light fragrance and a subtle, peppery-sweet flavoring that complements green salads, stir-fries, or seafood dishes. The brightly colored petals can be scattered across charcuterie boards, pressed on top of dips and cheeses, layered into spring rolls, or incorporated into beverages and ice cubes as a decorative touch. The petals can also be sprinkled over custards, cakes, ice cream, and puddings or dried and mixed into tea blends. In addition to using the petals whole, Bachelor's Button flowers can be used to naturally color sugar, icings, and syrups. Bachelor's Button flowers pair well with vanilla, chocolate, caramel, fruits such as coconut, strawberries, blueberries, rhubarb, and apples, radishes, spring greens, broccoli, and meats including poultry, turkey, and fish. Freshly harvested Bachelor's Button flowers will keep 1 to 2 weeks when stored in a glass of water with their stems intact. The petals can also be dried and stored in a sealed container for up to one year.
Bachelor's Button flowers were discovered in the tomb of King Tutankhamen, the famous Egyptian pharaoh who died in 1340 BC. The blossoms were woven into an intricate floral collar, a traditional accessory placed on the pharaoh's body during the funeral. The floral collar was comprised of Bachelor's Button flowers, olive leaves, berries, and other flowers, sewn onto papyrus, and a linen tie attached the collar. After the funeral, the floral collar was placed with other ceremonial items into large storage jars and was buried in the tomb with the belief that the pharaoh could use the items in the afterlife. Bachelor's Button flowers are also historically tied to countries in Europe. The flowers are the national flower of Germany and were selected for their unique coloring, similar to Prussian blue, which was the color of the Prussian military uniform in the 17th and 18th centuries. Bachelor's Button flowers were also significant in the famous Prussian story of Queen Louise. The legend states that the wildflowers concealed the queen and her children in a field during Napoleon's invasion, and the kids remained quiet in the field by weaving the flowers into wreaths. After this story, Bachelor's Button flowers became closely tied to Prussia, and the flowers have remained a symbol of hope, unity, and resilience in Germany.


White Wolf Wiki
Arcanos (WTO)
8,762pages on
this wiki
The arts of the dead, Arcanoi are secret spiritual abilities that can either be taught or acquired through experience. Generally, the higher the level of the Arcanos that you wish to learn, the more difficult it will be to learn, the more powerful it will be, and the higher it will cost to activate.
Markings Edit
Excessive use of one or more Arcanoi skills will undoubtedly result in the marking of his or her corpus with traces of those powers. Such markings and traces cannot be removed by any sort of cosmetic alteration. If a wraith frequently uses more than one Arcanos, than the markings of all used Arcanoi will be visible.
Usage Edit
In order to activate an Arcanos, a wraith must normally spend Pathos, the energy of emotion. To use an arcanos toward a particular end, one must roll dice to acquire the success rating of the Arcanos, and the attribute it is being used in concert with. For usage in the Skinlands, one must also contend with/roll against the rating of the Shroud, usually 9 except on rare occasions such as visits to graveyards, usage of seances or ouija boards, the stroke of midnight, Friday the 13th, Halloween, or other special holidays or traditions regarding the decesased.
Notes on names Edit
Users of Arcanoi are traditionally referred to by the name of the Guild that the Arcanos once belonged to, even though the Guilds themselves have long since disappeared from the respectable parts of wraith society. For example, a wraith with Argos is always called a Harbinger, even if they have never actually been a member of or even heard of the Harbinger Guild. Likewise, a user of Embody is always called a Proctor, a user of Flux is always called an Alchemist, and so on. Wraiths with multiple Arcanoi can be referred to by any of the names of Arcanoi they possess, though it usually defaults to their strongest ability.
The Primary Arcanoi Edit
Accepted Arcanoi Edit
Forbidden Arcanoi Edit
Alternate Arcanoi Edit
Dark ArcanoiEdit
The Dark Arcanoi are primarily used by Spectres, and occasionally by trained wraiths such as Doomslayers.
The following appear in WTO: Dark Reflections: Spectres Bullet-pdf Bullet-nip
The following appear in WTO: Doomslayers: Into the Labyrinth Bullet-pdf Bullet-nip
The Risen Arcanoi Edit
These abilities can only be used by Risen, or wraiths who have managed to return to their old bodies. They can be found in The Risen.
The Jade Arcanoi Edit
These are the Arcanoi of the wraiths of the Yellow Springs. They can be found in Dark Kingdom of Jade.
Miscellaneous Arcanoi Edit
Connection with Spheres Edit
Some have speculated as to the connection between the innate abilities of Wraiths to exhibit Arcanoi, and those similar abilities of Mages to manipulate reality through Spheres. Perhaps there is a connection. In a similar vein, some have connected the strength of the Shroud with the idea of Paradox, in that the general consensus of sleeper minds can prevent Spheres and Arcanoi from succeeding. Some have called this Mage-Wraith crossover mechanic "The Oppositional Aura."
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Insert Edit Update in GridView Using Single Stored Procedure [Code Snippets]
DZone's Guide to
Insert Edit Update in GridView Using Single Stored Procedure [Code Snippets]
Learn how to insert, edit, update and cancel the records in a GridView using a single stored procedure.
· Database Zone ·
Free Resource
Built by the engineers behind Netezza and the technology behind Amazon Redshift, AnzoGraph is a native, Massively Parallel Processing (MPP) distributed Graph OLAP (GOLAP) database that executes queries more than 100x faster than other vendors.
In this article we will learn how to insert, edit, update and cancel the records in a GridView using a single stored procedure. Here, we use a template field inside a grid view control. Inside the template field, we place an item template for displaying records from the database at runtime.
Other templates used here are EditItemTemplate and Footer Template. Paging facilities are also provided.
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[employee_pro]
(
 @empid as int=0,
 @name as varchar(50)='',
 @address as varchar(50)='',
 @designation as varchar(50)='',
 @status as varchar(50)=''
 )
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
if(@status = 'Display')
begin
Select * from employee
end
else if(@status = 'Add')
begin
Insert into employee(name,address,designation,createtime) values (@name,@address,@designation,getdate())
end
else if(@status = 'Update')
begin
Update employee set name=@name, address=@address,designation=@designation where empid=@empid
end
else if(@status = 'Delete')
begin
Delete from employee where empid=@empid
end
END
Now let's move to the coding part.
StoredProcedure.aspx
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="StoredProcedure.aspx.cs"
Inherits="Insert_update_delete_Stored_Pro.StoredProcedure" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "_URL_
transitional.dtd">

<title>Untitled Page</title>

<form id="form1" runat="server">

 <asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AllowPaging="true" ShowFooter="true"
 PageSize="5" AutoGenerateColumns="false"
 onpageindexchanging="GridView1_PageIndexChanging"
 onrowcancelingedit="GridView1_RowCancelingEdit"
 onrowcommand="GridView1_RowCommand" onrowdeleting="GridView1_RowDeleting"
 onrowediting="GridView1_RowEditing" onrowupdating="GridView1_RowUpdating" HeaderStyle-BackColor="Red"
 HeaderStyle-ForeColor="White" BackColor="#FFCC66">
<AlternatingRowStyle BackColor="#FFFFCC" />
 <Columns>
 <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Empid">
 <ItemTemplate>
 <asp:Label ID="lblempid" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("empid") %>'></asp:Label>
 </ItemTemplate>
 <FooterTemplate>
 <asp:Label ID="lblAdd" runat="server"></asp:Label>
 </FooterTemplate>
 </asp:TemplateField>
 <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Name">
 <ItemTemplate>
 <asp:Label ID="lblname" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("name") %>'></asp:Label>
 </ItemTemplate>
 <EditItemTemplate>
 <asp:TextBox ID="txtname" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("name") %>'></asp:TextBox>
 </EditItemTemplate>
 <FooterTemplate>
 <asp:TextBox ID="txtAddname" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
 </FooterTemplate>
 </asp:TemplateField>
 <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Address">
 <ItemTemplate>
 <asp:Label ID="lbladdress" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("address") %>'></asp:Label>
 </ItemTemplate>
 <EditItemTemplate>
 <asp:TextBox ID="txtaddress" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("address") %>'></asp:TextBox>
 </EditItemTemplate>
 <FooterTemplate>
 <asp:TextBox ID="txtAddaddress" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
 </FooterTemplate>
 </asp:TemplateField>
 <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Designation">
 <ItemTemplate>
 <asp:Label ID="lblesignation" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("designation") %>'></asp:Label>
 </ItemTemplate>
 <EditItemTemplate>
 <asp:TextBox ID="txtdesignation" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("designation") %>'></asp:TextBox>
 </EditItemTemplate>
 <FooterTemplate>
 <asp:TextBox ID="txtAdddesignation" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
 </FooterTemplate>
 </asp:TemplateField>
 <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Create Time">
 <ItemTemplate>
 <asp:Label ID="lblcreatetime" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("createtime") %>'></asp:Label>
 </ItemTemplate>
 </asp:TemplateField>
 <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Edit">
 <ItemTemplate>
 <asp:LinkButton ID="btnEdit" Text="Edit" runat="server" CommandName="Edit" />

 <asp:LinkButton ID="btnDelete" Text="Delete" runat="server" CommandName="Delete"/>

 </ItemTemplate>
 <EditItemTemplate>
 <asp:LinkButton ID="btnUpdate" Text="Update" runat="server" CommandName="Update" />

 <asp:LinkButton ID="btnCancel" Text="Cancel" runat="server" CommandName="Cancel" />
 </EditItemTemplate>
 <FooterTemplate>
 <asp:Button ID="btnAddRecord" runat="server" Text="Add" CommandName="Add"></asp:Button>
 </FooterTemplate>
 </asp:TemplateField>
 </Columns>
 </asp:GridView>

 </form>

StoredProcedure.aspx.cs
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
namespace Insert_update_delete_Stored_Pro
{
 public partial class StoredProcedure : System.Web.UI.Page
 {
 string strConnString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConnectionString"].ConnectionString;
 SqlCommand com;
 SqlDataAdapter sqlda;
 Data


text:
Kitty-corner, or catty-corner, is a classic example of the phenomenon known as folk-etymology. When a word or phrase makes little apparent sense, it will often mutate into a form that seems more familiar.
The term was originally catercorner. Cater is an old dialectical term for diagonal. It derives from the French quatre or four. Cater dates to the16th century, appearing in Barnaby Googe's 1577 translation of Heresbach's Foure Bookes of Husbandry:
The trees are set checkerwise and so catred [partim in quincuncem directis], as looke which way ye will, they lye level.
By the early 19th century, the folk etymology had set in. From Joseph C. Neal's 1838 Charcoal Sketches:
One of that class...who, when compelled to share their bed with another, lie in that engrossing posture called "catty-cornered."
(Source: Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd Edition)
Copyright _PHONE_, by David Wilton


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Anubian Crusade
Anubian Crusade
A Wortlander crusader after a night of battle, Mierburg in the background.
Date 21 Nov. 2020 – 22 Nov. 2020
Location Anubian Desert, Mierburg Castle
Result Wortlander victory
Wortland League Anubian Kingdom
Commanders and Leaders
Lord Admiral P.P.A. Anubian Priesthood
100 Wortlander Crusaders ~50.000 Ametes, Mummies, Zombies, Skeletons, etc.
0 tens of thousands
The Anubian Crusade was a war between the Wortland League and the local Anubian Kingdom in the coastal deserts of the Western Continent. It resulted in the plunder of the Anubian library and the Wortland League asserting control over the Anubian coast.
During the Dark Ages, the Wortland League built a pagoda-shaped outpost at the edge of the Western Continent's desert in order to quarry sandstone for the construction of Sidwig. The miners found themselves under frequent siege by the natives, and losses were high.
The Ametes and the Anubian Kingdom
The area was under the control of a race of antpeople, called Ametes by the Wortlanders, ruled by a sect of Anubian priests. The League's research determined that the Ametes of Anubia used the bodies of humans, preserved in a state of undeath, to breed their livestock, gravemites. The gravemites lay their eggs in their paralysed human host and start consuming it as they hatch, and are in turn eaten by the Ametes. (Unconfirmed rumour has it that Amete women have other uses for the bodies of captured human males.)
It appears that a sect of Anubis priests took control of the area at some point in the past. They have been observed using necromancy to reanimate corpses to defend themselves, so it is speculated that they used these powers to improve the Ametes' gravemite-breeding practices and to rise to power among them.
Wortlander Offensive
After the Wortland League had driven out the pirates from Bokkum and completed the construction of Sidwig, they turned their eyes to the Anubian Desert. The miners lost to the Ametes deserved to be avenged, the area secured for future exploitation, and the unholy practices of the natives eradicated.
The pagoda above the sandstone quarry, indefensible and vulnerable to attack from all sides, was torn down and replaced with a well-fortified stone tower: Mierburg Castle. Arms, armour and supplies were prepared in the League's holdings, and an expedition outfitted.
The War
A scene of battle. The crusaders from Wortland launched nightly punitive expeditions into the desert, repeatedly beating back the hordes of enemies that swarmed them. The Anubian forces were prone to infighting, with Skeleton archers' friendly fire hitting their own ranks.
After a week of raiding, the Wortlander forces managed to sack the Anubian royal library, carrying home valuable books. The Anubians gathered their remaining forces and gave pursuit, forcing the Wortlanders to barricade themselves in Mierburg. The beleaguered Wortlander knights successfully defended the castle and broke the counter-offensive, even rescuing a Weresheep from the Anubians.
Wortland, her armies undefeated and having inflicted great damage to Anubia and acquired rich spoils, declared victory.
The desert sands were marred with craters left behind by desperate Anubian suicide bombers.
One of the knights retired to a farm on Bokkum with his new warbride slave Weresheep.
history/anubian_crusade.txt · Last modified: 2020/11/26 23:32 by ppa


text:
This famous German surname can be either locational or topgraphical. Of pre medieval origins, it is either a name of nobility and associated with the former Grand Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein, or it may be from one of the three German places called Holstein. If topographical the origin is from the word "holsten", and as such it describes a forest, or specifically a forest dweller. Locational surnames are usually "from" names. That is to say names given to people as easy forms of identification, after they left their original homes and moved somewhere else.That could be the next village, or far away in some capital city, the same principle applied. The British royal family are linked with the dukedom of Schleswig-Holstein through the marriage of Princess Victoria to Czar Wilhelm 11 of Germany. In surviving German rolls and charters the Holstein surname is first recorded in a diminutive form as Holsteinin in the year 1382, when one Emmely Holsteinin zu Freiburg appears in the charters of that city. Schleswig, the name means muddy place or similar, is nearly two centuries earlier, with Bernhard Schleichwegg being recorded at Biberach, in 1192. In England the name may be a Huguenot refugee name. The first recording may be John Holstein, a witness at the famous church of St Dunstans in the East, Stepney, on September 16th 1744.
© Copyright: Name Origin Research 1980 - 2022


BVC - Raisin wines Chuck_CTR_Graves at
Fri Nov 19 12:18:17 PST 1999
 Hi, all.
 Magdalena, here's what I found.
 Apicius uses raisin wines in his recipes but no recipe for raisin
 wine. The recipes I have are from The Queen's Closet Opend (1655) and
 Martha Washington's Booke of Cookery (dated to c. _PHONE_).
 However, I find these editorial notes (from John Edwards) regarding
 Apicius in the Introduction:
 Roman Cooking Wines
 Apicius was concerned with the kitchen, not the wine cellar, and
 his are principally cooking wines, with the exception of certain
 spiced and honeyed varieties served at the beginning of the Roman
 Passum (raisin wine) was made from the musk-flavored psythian or
 muscatel grapes. These were left of the vine and not picked until
 they had shriveled to half their weight. Alternatively, the grapes
 were aged more rapidly through being picked when ripe, then spread
 out on trays under the sun, or else they were immersed in boiling
 olive oil. The raisins were then soaked in a superior wine until
 they became swollen. At this stage they were crushed underfoot and
 pressed. Passum of the second rank was obtained by adding water to
 the grapes for another pressing. The Romans of Apicius' day valued
 Cretan passum most highly, followed by varieties from Cilicia (a
 Roman province in Asia Minor facing Cyprus), Africa (Libya), and
 lastly Italy. Apicius used raisin wine to color, sweeten, and
 flavor meats, vegetables, and fish. Passum invariably appears in
 the ingredients for sweet sauces. The modern descendants of passum
 are Italian passito wines, and the vins de paille of France.
 That's all I can dig up at present.
Go to to perform mailing list tasks.
More information about the BVC mailing list


text:
As the waves of people reaching for organics and "natural" products has increased, the candle world has also seen a surge in people looking for natural candles. In the candle market, natural candles refer to candles made from soy wax, palm wax, and beeswax. The trend is veering away from artificial ingredients and colors, too. You can natural colorants in soap making, so how does it work for candles? Can you use the same natural ingredients?
The short answer is "yes," you can use a lot of the same herbs and spices. Although, some do not work as well as others. Find out more about the process to make natural soy candles using natural ingredients for coloration. Learn which ingredients work and find out which do not.
Why It Works
First, it is important to note that regular pigments and other dispersed colors like micas and oxides don't work well in candles because they clog the wick. So, instead, you need to do a more delicate process of making an herbal oil infusion for soap making. Since soy wax is just modified soybean oil, it stands to reason that it would work. Also be aware that natural colors are often more sensitive to fading than synthetic colors.
What You Need
You can use a Crock-Pot and coffee filters to make natural colored wax candles in about 24 hours.
The full ingredients list is jars, soy container wax, the herb or spice, coffee filters, and twist ties to infuse color in about 24-hours.
Using madder root, alkanet root, annatto seeds, peppermint, and spirulina you can get some nice coloration. The madder root imparts a nice light peach shade. The alkanet gives you a wonderful burgundy red shade. The annatto seeds turn the wax a warm yellow shade and the spirulina imparts a nice warm green hue. The peppermint gave a very light green shade.
Other herbs like comfrey, rose hips, and lavender do not infuse much color at all. Although, the rose hips gave the slightest of an orange tint. With more herb in the filter and more infusion time, you may get the colors to come out a little darker.
The DIY Way
Start by taking jelly jars and put them in a water bath in your crock pot. Fill each jar with about 6 ounces of soy container wax.
Put a bit of the herb you want to infuse into a coffee filter and tie it with a twist tie. Here's how much you need: 1 teaspoon of peppermint, 1/2 teaspoon of madder root powder, 1/2 teaspoon of alkanet root powder, 1/2 teaspoon annatto seeds, and 1/2 teaspoon of spirulina powder.
Put the herb-filled coffee filters into the jars, turn the heat on low, and let them steep for about 24 hours. The wax stays about 130 to 140 degrees. Stir it every few hours to make sure that the infusion spreads throughout into the wax.
After 24 hours, pull the filters out and let them cool. None of the infused colors will affect the burn time or cause clogging of the wick. You may notice a little bit of sediment in the alkanet and spirulina candles, but not enough to affect the candle.
Basically, the process is the same for infusing any herb or plant material into any oil, you mix the two together, put them on a low heat, and let them stew for a while. The difference between the wax and the oil is that the oil is liquid at room temperature, whereas wax is not. You need to keep wax at 120 degrees or hotter to keep it liquid so that the color will infuse.
Alternate DIY Methods
If you want to tweak the DIY method to suit your own personal preferences, go for it. For example, if you do not have a crock pot, jars, or coffee filters then there are ways to adjust this method to make it work for you by using other cooking devices and other infusion methods.
- Other cooking devices: You can use a Crock-Pot, Presto Pot, or Instant Pot for making these candles. A Presto Pot or Instapot is great since you can accurately adjust the temperature and keep it steady a long time. A crockpot on low stays at about 130 degrees.
- No jar method: Instead of using jars, you could do the same just putting the wax into the pot and setting it on low. Be sure to check the temperature so that it doesn't get too hot. You want it to steep at the lowest temperature you can keep the wax liquid.
- Stovetop: While it is possible, do not use a regular pot directly on the stove. There's too much possibility of temperature irregularity.
- Other infusion methods: If you do not want to use a coffee filter, you can also use cheesecloth or a small muslin bag. You want the color to infuse out, without too much of the plant material getting into the wax. With the really fine powders like alkanet and spirulina, it's not quite possible to prevent all of it from making its way to the wax. You may need to let some sediment settle out of the wax or strain it before you make your candles.
- Time: Let it stew. Infuse for at least 24 hours, stirring every 4 to 6 hours. For deeper colors, you can let it go another 24 hours. Past that, you're not going to get much additional color.
- Fragrance oils: Remember if you use fragrance oils or essential oils that have color, these will add some color to the wax as well.


text:
. 4A to operate on the next current span.
If the reference span was determined to be a partial span at block 106, then the processing goes to point C of FIG. 4C. At block 300, the reference span mask is compared with the current span mask to determine if all the unmasked current pixels are a subset of the unmasked reference pixels. If so, then processing can proceed to point B of FIG. 4B, where the spans are compared as if they were both full spans. If any of the unmasked current pixels correspond to masked reference pixels, then the unmasked current pixels are not a subset of the unmasked reference pixels. In this case, the possible permutations are too complex to deal with on a span basis, and processing goes to point D of FIG. 4B for a pixel-by-pixel comparison.
When current spans have been compared with reference spans in the described manner, the data remaining in the span depth buffer represents the spans whose associated pixels will be displayed because those pixels represent the objects that appear to be closest to the viewer in that part of the image and are therefore not obscured by other objects. The depth values of the pixels associated with the span depth buffer can then be written into a standard pixel depth buffer. This writing of pixel depth information into the pixel depth buffer can be performed at various times. It can be done after each current span has been considered, after each triangle has been considered, after a single object has been considered, after all objects within a given area have been considered, after all objects in the entire image have been examined, at predetermined intervals, or at any other time. This is a design choice affected by many other considerations not addressed herein.
Various means can be used to implement the span depth buffer test process. Software or firmware for implementing the method can be stored on a machine readable medium for execution by one or more processors. It can also be implemented with dedicated logic, state machines, or any combination of these items. One embodiment uses a graphics processor dedicated to performing graphics functions.
Regardless of the implementation, the current span can include several types of data: 1) Min and Max values for the current span (or alternately, one of those values and a delta representing the difference between them), 2) one or more bits indicating whether it is a full or partial span, and 3) a span mask if it is a partial span. Similarly, the information in the reference span may include 1) Min and Max values for the reference span (or one of those values and a delta), 2) one or more bits indicating whether it is a clean or dirty span, 3) one or more bits indicating whether it is a full or partial span, and 4) a span mask if it is a partial span. The information for each of the pixels associated with the span is typically not kept in the span buffer, resulting in greatly reduced memory requirements. This small memory requirement can permit the span depth buffer to be placed in cache memory for faster access during the comparison process.
The foregoing description is intended to be illustrative and not limiting. Other variations will occur to those of skill in the art. Such variations are included in the invention, which is limited only by the spirit and scope of the appended claims.