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Prof Gabriel Yvon-Durocher, Department of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter
Dr Ben Ashby, University of Bath
Dr Jeremy Biggs, Freshwater Habitats Trust
Prof Isabelle Durance, Cardiff University
The NERC Centre for Doctoral Training in Freshwater Biosciences and Sustainability (GW4 FRESH CDT) provides a world-class doctoral research and training environment, for the next generation of interdisciplinary freshwater scientists equipped to tackle future global water challenges. GW4 FRESH harnesses freshwater scientists from four of the UK's most research-intensive universities (Bath, Bristol, Cardiff and Exeter) plus world-class research organisations the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH) and British Geological Survey (BGS).
For an overview of the GW4 FRESH CDT please see website _URL_
Note, the research projects listed are in competition with other studentship projects available across the GW4 FRESH CDT Partnership. Up to 14 studentships will be awarded to the best applicants.
Understanding how the physiology of individuals constrain ecosystem dynamics is of fundamental importance to predicting the effects of climate change on our environment. Theory predicts that the temperature dependence of individual metabolic traits weighted by species-abundance distributions should be enough to (1) predict the size distributions of communities at a given temperature, and (2) predict how the taxonomic sorting of a community can evolve as a function of a new temperature regime.
Recent evidence demonstrates that rates of respiration accelerate at a faster pace than growth rates following acute increases in temperature. A direct, but unexplored consequence of this phenomenon is that the cost of growth increases with temperature, leading to the prediction that warmer environments should be characterised by less efficient energy transfer through food chains with less biomass at higher trophic levels.
The PhD student will investigate this novel prediction with a research programme that involves the development and integration of metabolic, food web, and evolutionary theories with a series of experimental ponds and field tests linking individual physiology to ecosystem and food web structure. The student will capitalise on a new state-of-the-art mesocosm facility as well as ecophysiology laboratories at the University of Exeter (Cornwall campus in Penryn). The student will quantify the taxonomic composition, and the effects of temperature on rates of whole-organism oxygen consumption and growth simultaneously in an array of freshwater ectothermic taxa spanning 4 trophic levels from phytoplankton to zooplankton continuously exposed to two levels of warming. The student will benefit on existing funds from the main supervisor who is funded by a NERC IRF. Moreover, the student will collaborate with their team of supervisors to develop novel theory in order to predict, and design experiments to test how warming will affect ecosystem functioning (measured as taxonomic composition, the slope of the size spectrum, whole-pond carbon and oxygen flux, and biomass size distribution) at the beginning and end of the project. This PhD project thus aims at delivering a predictive framework to help forecast how the functioning and dynamics of aquatic ecosystems will play out as the climate warms.
Project specific enquiries should be directed to the lead supervisor, Prof Gabriel Yvon-Durocher: [email protected]


How to find health history questionnaires in the MyChart app
 1. Log in to the ARC MyChart app on iOS or Android.
 2. Click Menu, then select Questionnaires in the [My Record] section.
 3. If you have a questionnaire that needs to be completed, it will populate. Click on the questionnaire to answer the questions.
 4. Answer all questions and all parts of the questionnaire. Click Continue to move on to the next section. You can also Modify your answers, Finish later, or Cancel.
 5. When complete, submit your questionnaire by clicking the Submit Questionnaire button.


GUELPH -- University of Guelph researchers are studying the ethics behind whether COVID-19 immunity passports would help minimize the spread of the disease in Ontario.
Andrew Bailey, the philosophy professor leading the study, said certification would help loosen COVID-19 restrictions for immunized Ontarians.
"Once people are vaccinated, they don't need that kind of protection anymore, so the restrictions should be loosened," he said.
But Bailey adds it is a massive social experiment that requires planning before being implemented.
There's also the question of if immunity passports are ethical, which Bailey believes they are.
"Just the fact that we're letting some people do things that other people can't doesn't mean it's wrong," he said. "The question is whether it is arbitrary. And this case, my take would be it is not arbitrary."
He continued: "There is a genuine ethical difference between people who are vaccinated and people who don't."
The researcher said there are some potential problems when it comes to the idea of a passport, and people looking for a return to normalcy without getting vaccinated might resort to dangerous measures.
Bailey said reducing the divide between those who are vaccine-hesitant and those who are not is one of the biggest challenges in making immunity passports realistic.
Requiring proof of immunity from certain viruses is not out of the ordinary. Elementary school students require proof of vaccination for diseases such as polio and rubella.
The Canadian Civil Liberties Association said it doesn't support any form of vaccine passport, with the choice to get a COVID-19 vaccine or not a personal one.
"Carrying papers to show that we made that decision has the potential to create a two-tier society," said Brenda McPhail with the Canadian Civil Liberties Association. "The included, those that got the vaccine, the excluded, those who don't."
The idea of vaccine passports has drawn mixed opinions among those in Waterloo Region.
"To have some sort of proof that you got a vaccine, it makes it so much easier for everybody else," said one resident.
"There are some equity issues with it, absolutely," another resident said.
According to Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, the federal government is still looking at the prospect of vaccine passports and requiring some form of proof of vaccination to travel.
Bailey said more research needs to be done to determine the efficacy of immunity passports and that for them to work, everyone needs to have equal opportunity for access to vaccines.


Pipe Size notation: NPS vs NB vs DN. Is there any difference?
NPS vs NPB vs DN
Many of us, talk about pipe size either in DN (Nominal Diameter), NPS ( Nominal Pipe Size), or NB (Nominal Bore). Yet these all are notations of pipe size these all have some similarities and differences in terms of use and origin. In this article, you will know a brief explanation about these piping size notations.
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- Discount available with coupon
- Programmable with EM272 Software
- Seven-channel magnetic, LED, & laser frequency generator
- Includes 2 magnetic disks
- Includes 2 laser nasal probes
- Advanced engineering technology
- Can be run while connected to a PC or independently with the included AC charger or rechargeable battery
- Light weight and portable
- FREE shipping (Continental USA)
The EM272: Three Devices in One
The EM272 is a lightweight, portable PC-programmable seven-channel red, deep red, and infrared LED generator; a seven-channel magnetic field generator; and a laser frequency generator. The selection of treatment frequencies from 0.1 to 5000 Hz, duration of treatment, treatment repetition, intensity of current, and polarity of applied current are all controlled by Pulsed Frequency software.
Pulsing Magnetic Fields
Two magnetic disks can be connected to the EM272. The magnetic disks contain seven magnetic inductor coils that generate seven square wave magnetic fields. Each magnetic inductor coil can be programmed to pulse at specific frequencies from 0.1 to 5000 Hz.
Pulsing LED Light Fields
Two LED disks can be connected to the EM272. The LED disks contain 21 high quality 100-lumens (non-laser) LEDs arranged in seven three-LED clusters. Each LED cluster generates tree bands of color: red 620 nm, deep red 670 nm, and infrared 730 nm. Each cluster can be programmed to pulse at specific frequencies from 0.1 to 5000 Hz, so each LED disk transmits seven separate frequencies at one time.
Generates Multiple Frequencies
The EM272 can run attached to a PC or independently once the treatment files are loaded. When the device is connected to a PC running Pulsed Frequency software, the treatment files can be monitored in real-time.
The EM272 can run from a lithium ion battery or a 100-volt power supply.
Two output ports control two LED disks, two magnetic disks, or one magnetic disk and one LED disk. Two other output ports control the laser nasal probes.
"These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease."
CLICK HERE FOR A LIST OF PRECAUTIONS.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Underground » Coal Burst
In this project, the feasibility of using distributed optic fiber sensing (DOFS) technique was investigated for microseismic monitoring in coal mining. The investigation involved in theory study, laboratory tests and a mine site experiment.
Results from the laboratory experiments have demonstrated that DOFS can acquire high quality microseismic signals associated with microseismicity and the differences of seismic arrival times can be reliably obtained at high accuracy along an ordinary fiber cable. These differences allow a seismic event to be reliably located. The quality of the seismic data recorded by the fibers is comparable to that of the geophones. It has also been proven that DOFS can achieve high spatial resolution for seismicity sensing and high accuracy for locating events. These characteristics are particularly useful for using DOFS to monitor ground vibrations associated with rock fracturing events induced by mining.
In the field experiment, a DOFS system, consisting of a commercial fiber interrogator and a 3,000 m long optic fiber cable were tested. The cable was installed in two sections, with one section cemented in a deep borehole and the other buried in shallow notches at the ground surface around a longwall panel being mined. Four geophones were installed along with the fiber cable for comparison of seismic characteristics recorded by the two sensing devices. The monitoring program captured high quality microseismic data for the investigation. This field experiment has demonstrated that DOFS can be used as a new and cost-effective tool for recording microseismic events created by mining activities. The application of DOFS can enable mine operators to obtain detailed information about ground failure processes and locations that are useful for identifying precursory microseismicity for warning or predicting geodynamic risks induced by mining.
It has also been found that DOFS can achieve higher sensitivity for microseismic event detection and greater accuracy for event location than a geophone network due to its dense spatial sampling. Installation of a fiber cable in three perpendicular directions is very helpful for applying the phase tracking method for rapid seismic event detection and location. Using the phase tracking method, there is no requirement for picking the first seismic arrival times and constructing a reference seismic velocity model for event location. This improvement allows many events, particularly tensile seismic events that do not present clear first arrival times, to be located.
The results have shown that both P- and S-waves can be reliably captured by DOFS and some other seismic signals, in additional to the P- and S-waves, can also be identified on the seismic records. These additional phases may be attributed to seismic refraction, reflection or diffraction from unknown structures, and hence they may be used for exploration of these structures.
The fiber interrogator tested in this study is currently commercially available. The ordinary single mode fiber cable has been proven to be sufficient for capturing microseismic signals.
It was found that the influence of background noise (mechanical vibrations, moving vehicles and animals) on the seismic records was insignificant for seismic event discrimination and phase tracking.
Several challenges were identified that must be addressed before DOFS can be applied in mining for real-time microseismic monitoring.
- The greatest challenge is that commercially available interrogators are not able to handle real-time data.
- To use DOFS for real-time microseismic monitoring, software development and hardware improvement must be conducted.
- The fiber cable was damaged several times during the experiment period, causing data missing for many days.
- Temperature control for the fiber interrogator is another concern, particularly when the instrument is housed in the field during summer.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Trusscore Empowers Hydroponic Innovation
A 336-square-foot standalone indoor grow room for running trials of microbial inoculants on hydroponic systems growing lettuce plants. Trusscore Wall&CeilingBoard is installed on the walls and ceiling.
- Ceragen creates microbial inoculants for the hydroponic fruit and vegetable industry. The microbial inoculants – most easily thought of as probiotics for plants – are added to hydroponic systems and are designed to increase crop yields and reduce plant stress.
- With a microbial inoculant for tomatoes and lettuce already on the market, Ceragen is currently researching and developing microbes for a second lettuce product, a cucumber product, a strawberry product, and more.
"It's beneficial bacteria that go into the roots of the plants, generally through the watering system, latch onto the roots, and help the plant uptake nutrients and regulate things like heat stress better," says Matthew Rose, Co-founder and Chief Technology Officer of Ceragen. "We see, on average, a 10 to 20% yield increase from the use of our product that's put in the grower's existing hydroponic system."
The Goal: To Create Durable, Moisture Resistant Indoor Grow Rooms for Lengthy Plant Trials
Inside their new downtown space, Ceragen is running controlled trials to test new microbial formulations on different fruits and vegetables. As part of the process, they've created a 12 by 28 foot grow room for a lettuce trial.
"We have currently 650 lettuce plants growing right now," says Matthew. "Every single one of these systems is as replicated as possible, and we test out different microbial inoculum formulations in the various ones. We've got the controls to compare against the inoculate and to see which ones are growing larger lettuce plants."
And Ceragen's experiments don't stop with lettuce plants.
"We're mocking up what a cucumber setup will look like. [Cucumbers require a trial of] about three or four months. And we'll just keep going up from there. Strawberries are six months, peppers are 12 months again. If that goes according to plan, we'll build actual rooms that are kind of [the same scale as the current room], and there will be four [indoor grow rooms] in here."
The Challenge: Ceragen Grow Rooms are Hot and Humid Spaces that are Highly Conducive to Mold Growth
"What we're trying to do is mimic what people are seeing in the greenhouse as much as possible. We've been working with some growers down in Texas, and the air temperature in their greenhouses can be anywhere upward of 35 degrees Celsius during the day. [In our grow room], we're getting up to 30 degrees when the lights are all on and we don't have heating in here."
In addition to high temperatures, humidity is a factor, too.
"It gets quite humid in here. Typically, it's hovering around the 75 to 80% range. We don't have any dehumidification in here, either. [Without Trusscore], I think we would have created a regular, drywalled room and lined the walls with [a reflective Mylar] material. It provides some reflectivity, and it provides some insulation."
But these materials aren't water resistant, and the room's humidity can result in mold, jeopardizing the trial and resulting in a total rebuild of your grow room.
"You 100% run the risk of mold growth [with drywall and Mylar]. We've seen other growers take plastic tarping, put that down, and then put the reflective stuff over top of that. It's a multi-step process, and it's not great because you have just taped down tarps as your vapor barrier. It's not a good solution. Plastic paneling is definitely the way to go."
The Result: Trusscore Wall&CeilingBoard Creates Easy to Clean Grow Rooms that Withstand Constant Moisture
For Ceragen, Trusscore Wall&CeilingBoard was the answer. Made from PVC, the interlocking wall and ceiling are an ideal alternative to FRP and plastic tarping in indoor grow rooms of all shapes and sizes for several reasons:
The abrasion resistance of PVC means that Trusscore Wall&CeilingBoard panels are impact-resistant and can stand up to contact without showing dents, cracks, or damage — they'll never have to be replaced, unlike plastic tarping.
"A bunch of our sustainability is lab-focused, where we're trying to reduce the amount of plastic we use. A little dirty secret of the whole entire biology and chemistry lab industry is that they go through so much plastic, it's terrible," explains Matthew. "We've been doing a lot of transitioning towards using glassware and instead of throwing it out, just sterilizing it and reusing it. [With Trusscore], we also don't have to worry about replacing torn plastic tarps."
Trusscore Wall&CeilingBoard panels weigh 40% less than drywall and can be installed by one person with no special tools or skills required. Panels also have a pre-punched screw flange and a tongue and groove interlocking system, allowing it to be installed four times faster than drywall and twice as fast as FRP.
"We installed [the panels] ourselves, and it was great. The way the Trusscore slots together was really great," says Matthew. "The electrician mounted all the wiring. So as far as like sentiment towards 'Are you able to install electrical on it?' It's totally good. He had no troubles installing electrical on the ceiling."
Matt Rose, Ceragen, Co-Founder and Chief Technology Officer
Trusscore panels are 100% moisture and water resistant. The presence of PVC means the panels shed water and won't absorb airborne moisture, so they won't degrade or deteriorate in wet, damp, or humid environments, and they won't support the growth of mold or mildew.
And Trusscore Wall&CeilingBoard panels have an antimicrobial coating that's designed to prevent, contain, and destroy bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Per third-party testing (ISO 846:2019), Trusscore Wall&CeilingBoard provides complete protection against mold and bacteria. As a bonus, the non-porous surface of Trusscore panels is also easy to clean and disinfect — panels are also easy to clean and disinfect — they can't be harmed by detergent or chemical cleaners and can be repeatedly pressure washed.
"As far as paneling, we're able to hydrogen peroxide down the entire room. The fact that we can do that means it's really easy for us to disinfect, and we don't have to worry about fuming out the entire rest of the space," says Matthew.
Thanks to these benefits, Trusscore Wall&CeilingBoard has earned Ceragen's stamp of approval: "[Trusscore] has worked out really well for us; we're really happy with it. Ten out of ten, would use again."


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The History of Hartford Steam Boiler
The Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Company was founded on June 30, 1866. Our first president considered HSB as "the first company in America devoted primarily to industrial safety." "Hartford Standards" quickly became the specifications for boiler design, manufacture and maintenance.
Now, over 145 years later, those same values of loss prevention are at the forefront of much of the work we do. And, the company's founding premise of dealing with "matters relative to everyday life" is still very much alive in the company's culture.
It's not surprising, because some very unique influences and values laid the foundation upon which The Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Company was founded:
- Steam Power and the Industrial Revolution
- Polytechnic Club Tackles Boiler Explosions
- Insurance Incentive for Boiler Inspections
Steam Power and the Industrial Revolution
During the mid-to-late nineteenth century, the Industrial Revolution sprang up in America. Boilers, used to drive industrial machinery, locomotives and steamboats, were everywhere.
Though the potential of steam power seemed infinite, controlling the power was still crudely developed. As applications for steam power became more complex, the dangers also became more acute.
With thousands of boilers in operation throughout the country, there was also widespread ignorance about the properties of steam and the causes of boiler explosions. During the 1850's, explosions were occurring at the rate of almost one every four days. And, in 1865, the worst boiler disaster in history occurred when the Mississippi River steamer Sultana, took over 1,200 lives.
Most dismissed these incidences as "acts of god." People who ran industrial concerns simply assumed that their boilers would explode and they would lose one or two other workers. Others, namely members of the Polytechnic Club, which included future founders of The Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Company, had other ideas.
Polytechnic Club Tackles Boiler Explosions
In 1857, several young Hartford businessmen who were associated with the use of steam power, formed The Polytechnic Club. Their mission was to "discuss matters of science relative to everyday life." With steam power – and boiler explosions – becoming such a central part of everyday life, their discussions frequently turned to that subject.
This group took a practical point of view. They concluded that boiler explosions occurred because the pressure inside the boiler became greater than the ability of the boiler to withstand it. They reasoned that better materials and design – with periodic in-service inspections for weaknesses – would prevent explosions. They so believed in this view that they were willing to put money behind it.
Insurance Incentive for Boiler Inspection
The Polytechnic Club spent much time debating about an idea that combined insurance with a boiler inspection. They reasoned that inspections would increase boiler safety and the insurance would function as an incentive to inspect and a guarantee of a quality inspection. Though the insurance offered financial interests, it was secondary to safety and loss prevention – a totally new concept for an insurance offering.
Under that premise, The Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Company was founded in 1866.
Today that premise is applied to equipment beyond boilers. From water supply systems, to heating and cooling, to electrical power, to refrigeration, to telecommunications, we insure and provide engineering services that touch almost every aspect of work and life.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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This paper presents an optimal control strategy for a hydropower plant retrofitted with a hydrokineticpowered
cascaded pumpback system in dry season. Pumpback operation aims at recycling a part of the
down-stream discharge back to the main dam to maintain a high water level to optimise the energy value
of the available water. The problem is formulated as a multi-objective optimisation problem to simultaneously
minimise the grid pumping energy demand, minimise the wear and tear associated with the
switching frequency of the pumps, maximise the restoration of the volume of the dam through pumpback
operation and maximise the use of on-site generated hydrokinetic power for pumping operation.
The performance of the proposed cascaded model is compared with the classical single pump pumped
storage model. Simulation results based on a practical case study shows that the cascaded pumpback
model can reduce the pumping energy demand by up to 48.18% and increase the energy yield of the
resultant system by up to 47.10% in dry season.


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be finished, about the means and materials to be used and the sequence of operations.
Footwear maintenance technician: Footwear maintenance technicians are the professionals who install, program and tune different types of cutting, stitching, assembling and finishing equipment used in footwear production. They perform preventive and corrective maintenance, and verify periodically working conditions and performance. They analyse faults, correct problems, repair and substitute components or pieces, and do routine lubrications, providing information on their use and energetic consumption mainly to the decision makers inside the company.
Footwear quality control laboratory technician: Footwear quality control laboratory technicians perform all laboratory tests of footwear and materials or components according to the national and international standards. They analyse and interpret their results, and prepare the report for the quality manager, advising on rejections or acceptances. They apply previously defined quality management tools aiming for achievement of the objectives stated in the quality policy. They participate in monitoring and control of the quality system, namely internal and external auditing. They collaborate in the preparation of documents related to quality and in the linkage with outsourced laboratories for the tests which cannot be performed inside the company.
Footwear product development manager: Footwear product development managers coordinate the footwear design and the product and collection development process in order to comply with design specifications, deadlines, strategic requirements and policies of the company. They track style development and review design specification in order to meet the design vision, the manufacturing environment, and the company's financial goals.
Shoemaker: Shoemakers use hand or machine operations for traditional manufacturing of a various range of footwear. They also repair all types of footwear in a repair shop.
Pre-lasting operator: Pre-lasting operators handle tools and equipment for placing stiffeners, moulding toe puff and other actions necessary for lasting the uppers of the footwear over the last. They make preparations for lasting-cemented construction by attaching the insole, inserting the stiffener, back moulding and conditioning the uppers before lasting.
Footwear components is optional for these occupations. This means knowing this knowledge may be an asset for career advancement if you are in one of these occupations.
Leather goods hand cutting operator: Leather goods hand cutting operators check leather and their materials and cutting dies, select areas to be cut, position pieces on the leather and other materials, match the leather goods components (pieces) and check cut pieces against specifications and quality requirements. All the activities and tasks are performed manually.
Specialised seller: Specialised sellers sell goods in specialised shops.
- Footwear components – ESCO


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The Competition (Amendment) Bill, 2022: Key Changes:
The Competition (Amendment) Bill, 2022 has been introduced that aims to improve regulatory set-up by increasing the CCI's accountability, giving it flexibility and enforcement efficiency.
Key Changes mentioned in the bill:
- A board with part-time members to supervise CCI activities.
- This would bring its regulatory architecture at par with that of financial regulators.
- CCI to mandatorily issue penalty guidelines and give reasons in case of any divergence.
- It will give much-needed certainty in regulatory environment
- CCI could engage in structured negotiations with parties and arrive at mutually-workable solutions without having to go through lengthy formal proceedings.
- This will bring powers of CCI on par with Sebi, which has been passing settlement orders for over a decade.
- Previously CCI was only empowered to take action for abuse of dominance or anti-competitive agreements in the form of final orders in proceedings before it.
- CCI can make appeals to the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal conditional on a pre-deposit of up to 25% of the penalty imposed by the CCI.
- Shortening of the merger review period from 210 to 150 days
- Introduction of a green channel for merger applications: Certain categories of mergers that had to wait for CCI approval would be allowed to attain full consummation without any standstill obligation under the new green-channel process.
- Previously, only those agreements are allowed if agreements made between businesses at the same level of production (such as competitors that form a cartel) or businesses that are in a directly upstream or downstream market (such as agreements between a manufacturer and distributor).
- If the parties do not fall in either of these brackets, anti-competitive agreements between them can go unchecked.
- But the bill also recognizes other forms of cartels such as hub-and-spoke cartels, it also has a catch-all provision to enable the CCI to deal with anti-competitive pacts irrespective of the structural relationships between parties.


text: This study was made to reveal the plants used as traditional folk medicine in Yuksekova (Hakkari) situated in Southeastern of Turkey. The specimens of the plants used as folk remedies were collected and the information about the local names, the part(s) used, the ailments treated, the therapeutic effect, the preparation, the methods of administration, and the duration of treatment have been recorded. The plant specimens are kept in the Herbarium of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University. As a result of identification of the plant specimens, 25 species, used as a traditional folk medicine in Yuksekova, were determined. Among them, 18 species were wild and 7 species were cultivated plants. According to the majority of the plants which have similar usages, the plants were mostly used for urinary system diseases, wound, diabetes and stomach diseases.


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Small-scale fault systems in the Earth's crust have a strong correlation with the location of gold, a recent study of the St Ives Goldfields in Western Australia has found.
Our research, published in science journal Ore Geology Reviews, found that all major gold deposits are controlled by faults, but small fault systems are more likely to lead to gold than larger ones.
Researcher Dr Carsten Laukamp says the relationship between fault systems and gold traces is key to understanding the genesis of gold and could be used to help locate any commodity.
"Determining the spatial relationship between geological features such as fault lines, and gold traces, is not only important to understand how deposits form, it can also guide mineral exploration because we can use this information to develop predictive mineral maps," he says.
Dr Laukamp and his team developed a predictive mineral map of the St Ives Goldfields that shows new prospective areas where there is a high likelihood that gold could be located.
"We used information such as rock type, colour, shape and size and geological boundaries – all information we can gather from drilling samples – to develop the map," Dr Laukamp says.
"This research is one step in the development of predictive mineral maps that integrate various types of geological data.
"Next, we'll incorporate data collected from aircrafts and satellites, such as geophysical and spectroscopic data, which will improve the information value and accuracy of the predictive mineral map."
Learn more about our research in mineral exploration.
Media enquiries: Liz Greenbank | 03 9545 8563 | _EMAIL_
Ant and termite nests could lead to hidden treasure according to research conducted by CSIRO.
Research published in science journals PLoS ONE and Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, found that at a test site in the West Australian goldfields termite mounds contained high concentrations of gold. This gold indicates there is a larger deposit underneath.
"We're using insects to help find new gold and other mineral deposits. These resources are becoming increasingly hard to find because much of the Australian landscape is covered by a layer of eroded material that masks what's going on deeper underground," Dr Aaron Stewart, CSIRO entomologist said.
Termites and ants burrow into this layer of material where a fingerprint of the underlying gold deposit is found, and bring traces of this fingerprint to the surface.
"The insects bring up small particles that contain gold from the deposit's fingerprint, or halo, and effectively stockpile it in their mounds," Dr Stewart said.
"Our recent research has shown that small ant and termite mounds that may not look like much on the surface, are just as valuable in finding gold as the large African mounds are that stand several metres tall."
Mineral resources make up $86.7 billion of Australia's exports and new discoveries in many commodities are required to sustain production. After 150 years of mining, gold and other mineral deposits near the surface have been discovered and miners need new tools to explore deeper underground.
Insects could provide a new, cost effective and environmentally friendly way of exploring for new mineral deposits, avoiding the traditional method of expensive and often inaccurate drilling.
Dr Stewart's work has also found that insects carry metals in their bodies.
"We've found that metals accumulate in excretory systems of termites," he said.
"Although the insects may not concentrate metals in their bodies, they actively rid their bodies of excess metals. This process shows up as little stones, much like kidney stones in people. This finding is important because these excretions are a driving force in redistribution of metals near the surface."
Dr Stewart was selected as a finalist in this year's Fresh Science Awards.
Media: Liz Greenbank. Mb: 0408 778 189. E: _EMAIL_


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Palm Strike or Palm Heel Strike - Martial Arts Striking Technique
This page provides details on how to throw a "Palm Strike" (or "Palm Heel Strike). This martial arts technique uses the heel of the palm in order to strike an opponent's nose or chin.
This strike is a useful self-defense tool and likely to result in less damage to your fingers/hands as you are hitting with "padded bottom" of your hand. Therefore, you are less likely to break a finger or knuckle. However, a well-aimed punch is likely to result in greater damage due to the impact of the knuckles versus the padded impact of the heel of the palm. For information on different punches and hand/arm strikes (i.e. back fist and hammer strike), please visit the main Punches & Strikes section.
1. keep fingers together, curled or mostly straight
2. keep thumb parallel to meta carpals
3. keeping the hand open leaves the extensor muscles more relaxed and allows for greater flow of energy (compared to a beginner using a clenched fist punch)
4. striking with the exact heel of the hand keeps the force in line with the arm and avoiding damage to the carpals and associated muscles
5. arguably most effective when aimed to the nose or solar (celiac) plexus
Martial Arts Burnout & Recovering Lost Students We have talked about martial arts "burnout". This is when a student take an extended break or leaves martial arts entirely due to work/family problems, issues with time commitment, injuries or a wide variety of other causes. How does your school deal...
Escrima "on the rocks" a clip of some fun stick work with one of my students last week blocking close quarter butting strikes while using footwork on the rocks by the shallows of the beach gonna take some more environmental training videos here in the next few weeks
What is the biggest downside of martial arts training? How would you answer a potential student if they asked "What is the biggest downside of martial arts training"? I know that we all love martial arts training... but please do not give any answers like there are no downsides, etc. Try to point out some...
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Material on this wiki may not be copied or reproduced without the written approval of Black Belt Wiki.
All rights reserved. For other terms & conditions, please read our legal disclaimer. This site is for informational purposes only. All martial arts techniques and fitness exercises should be supervised by a trained martial arts instructor in order to prevent injuries and to ensure the proper technique is utilized. If you have had an injury or are in pain, please see a doctor before starting or continuing any martial arts and/or physical fitness program.


This organization shall be known as the Environmental Law Society as established by these Bylaws.
The Environmental Law Society shall promote awareness and participation in environmental issues and activities on campus and in the community to influence the law, public policy, legislation, and justice; to improve the environmental policies of Willamette University College of Law; to promote environmental careers, practices, and scholarship; to provide opportunities for advocacy of environmental issues.
Environmental Law Society membership shall be open to all Willamette Law students and shall not be restricted on the basis of gender, race, religion, color, sex, national origin, marital status, sexual orientation, or age. Attendance at more than one general meeting or event shall constitute active membership.
Officers; Duties.
The officers for the Society shall be a Chair or Co-Chairs, hereinafter Chair, Vice Chair, Secretary, and Treasurer. The offices of Chair and Treasurer shall be filled at the first meeting in April of each year. The offices of Vice Chair and Secretary shall be filled at the first meeting in April of each year provided there is sufficient membership. All officers shall remain in good standing with the Society by remaining a full-time law student and regularly attending meetings.
Section 1. Chair.
The Chair shall be responsible for the efficient administration and operation of the Society, act as the chief spokesperson for the Society, serve as the chairperson of the Executive Board; and preside over the official meetings of the Society and the Executive Board.
Section 2. Vice Chair.
The Vice Chair shall serve in the Co-Director's stead as necessary, assist the Chair in performing other duties, and assist in general operations of the Society.
Section 3. Secretary.
The Secretary shall take the minutes of the Executive Board and official Society meetings, post notices of forthcoming meetings, agendas, and the events of the Society, maintain a current roster of membership, and maintain the organizations files.
Section 4. Treasurer.
The Treasurer shall present the proposed ELS budget to the Student Body Association, hereinafter SBA, by the deadline designated by the SBA. In addition, the Treasurer shall maintain the Society's financial records and accounts, disburse funds in accordance with the determinations of the Executive Board, prepare all financial forms, and make an audit at the end of year disclosing available funds for the following year.
Election Procedures.
A majority of the Executive Board shall comprise a quorum for the conduct of business, and the concurrence of a majority of the Society members present shall be required to elect the officers and decide any matter. The Chair may not initiate a motion to nominate, but may second said motion. The Chair shall vote on each nomination after the question is called. However, in the event the Chair's vote shall create a tie, the Chair shall refrain from voting.
Term of Office; Vacancy.
Section 1. Term of Office.
The term of office for each position shall be for one year beginning in April at the Election Meeting.
Section 2. Vacancy.
If the Chair or Treasurer position becomes vacant a meeting shall be called to elect a successor to finish out the remainder of the term. If the Vice Chair or Secretary position becomes vacant a meeting shall be called to fill the position at the discretion of the Executive Board.
Officers shall regularly attend meetings of the Society and any meetings of the subcommittees to which they are a member. Any officer failing to attend two consecutive Society meetings without notifying the Executive Board members is presumed to be in nonperformance of duty and the position shall be deemed resigned and vacant.
Executive Board.
Section 1. Composition.
The officers of the Society shall make up the Executive Board.
Section 2. Purpose.
The Executive Board is the legal entity charged with the management and responsibility of the Society. The Board shall establish the objectives of the organization and determine the policy for the development of such objectives. The Board shall have authority to adopt rules for appointment of officers and the frequency and conduct of its meetings.
The Executive Board shall have the power to create subcommittees with such responsibilities as the Board directs. The Chair shall appoint a chair of the subcommittee and charge each subcommittee with its responsibilities. The subcommittee chair shall be responsible for scheduling meetings, assigning specific tasks within the mandate of the subcommittee, and reporting to the Executive Board concerning the work of the subcommittee.
Section 1. Regular Meetings.
The Society shall hold a general membership meeting at least three times per school year. The time and day for each meeting shall be chosen to minimize conflicts with regularly scheduled classes. Notice of the meetings shall be given by email or posting on the law school board a minimum of five days prior to the scheduled meeting. A majority of the Executive Board shall comprise a quorum for the conduct of business, and the concurrence of a majority of the Society members present shall be required to decide any matter.
Section 2. Special Meetings.
Special meetings may be called by the Chair or by the Executive Board by giving Society members written or verbal notice at least 24 hours before the scheduled meeting.
Section 3. Executive Board.
Meetings of the Executive Board may be convened electronically. The regular business of the Executive Board may be accomplished via meetings where a physical majority of Executive Board members are not present as long as a quorum exists. A quorum is met as long as a majority of Executive Board members are able to see or hear the deliberations and register their vote.
Rules of Order.
The rules contained in Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised shall generally govern the Society if they are not inconsistent with these bylaws or Willamette College of Law policies.
These bylaws may be amended at any regular meeting of the Society by a majority of the Society members present, provided that the amendment has been submitted in writing to the Executive Board, and advertised as an agenda item for which a vote will take place at the next scheduled meeting. These by-laws may be amended by the Executive Board upon its own motion. Prior to an amendment, the Executive Board may request a recommendation from Society Members.


- Publications
 - Influence
Changes in incorporation of amino acids into proteins after death
The test objects consisted of sl ices of l iver and heart and mince of the thigh muscles and pancreas . The t issue samples were taken 5 and 240 rain af ter sacr i f ice of the animal byExpand
A comparison of the processes of formation of antibodies and non specific proteins in animals
SummaryThe utilization of liver and serum proteins and amino acid (S35 methionine) in the process of formation of specific (antibodies) and non specific proteins in rabbits was studied.Thirty-sixExpand


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Toward Integrity Part 5
By Troy Ketsdever,
Toward Integrity
Modeling Constraints in the Database
Article 5: Entity supertype/subtype
Note: This is part 3 of a multi-part series. You can find the other articles here:Part 1, Part 2,Part 3, and part 4.
This is the fifth and final article of a series in which we explore a variety of business rules. We'll take a look at their expression in a conceptual model, and then drill into the details of how they can be modeled at the logical level, and ultimately implemented using T-SQL. In the first article, I introduced the overall conceptual model and explained some of the business rules that apply. In this article, we focus on the "Pet", "Cat" and "Dog" entities and their relationship to each other.
Note: I remind the reader here that the our bias for the logical model is toward correctness and simplicity rather than, e.g., flexibility . Also, the physical implementation will reflect the logical model more closely than might be prudent in practice.
For reference, figure 1 shows the complete conceptual model diagram for our Pets and Vets solution:
Figure 1: Pets and Vets conceptual model
The conceptual model (figure 2) for today's entities of intereset represents an entity supertype/subtype relationship between the generalized entity "Pet" and the specialization entities "Dog" and "Cat" -- in OO-speak, an "is-a" relationship.
Figure 2: Conceptual sub-model
The business rule of interest for this installment is:
 - For dogs, we track whether or not they are "AKC Registered". For cats, our concern is whether or not it's been "Declawed".
But the following rule also comes into play:
 - A pet is identified by a "License Number" (which is unique within our example jurisdiction, regardless of the species of pet).
At this point, I would like to bring your attention an ambiguity present in the conceptual model. Note that we can interpret the diagram in at least four ways:
 1. "Dog" and "Cat" are the only species of "Pet" allowed, and a "Pet" must express the additional information present in the extension.
 2. "Dog" and "Cat" are the only species of "Pet" allowed, and a "Pet" may express the additional information present in the extension (e.g., a "Pet" that happens to be a "Dog" may or may not store information about AKC registration).
 3. "Dog" and "Cat" are a subset of all species of "Pet", but are the only ones about which we will store additional information. Additionally, if a "Pet" is either a "Dog" or a "Cat", the extension information must be present
 4. "Dog" and "Cat" are a subset of all species of "Pet", but are the only ones about which we will store additional information. Additionally, if a "Pet" is either a "Dog" or a "Cat", the extension information may or may not be present
It is the last interpretation that we will aim for in the implementation of this database constraint. This is partly due to the weak support in SQL for expressing certain classes of constraint. More on that later.
In the logical model (figure 3), the three entities are converted to tables with a foreign key "from" each subtype table (Dogs, Cats) "to" the supertype table (Pets). The Dogs and Cats tables "inherit" the candidate key {LicenseNbr} from the Pets table. By sharing a candidate key in this way, the cardinality on the relationship from supertype to subtype is 1:[0..1]. The exclusivity constraint is shown on the logical model diagram by drawing an arc across the relationship lines for supertype and subtypes.
The AKCRegistered and Declawed attributes in each table are of a hypothetical domain "Y/N" which represents a simple "Yes or No" value. The domain and column constraints will be implemented via the familiar datatype + CHECK constraint in T-SQL.
Figure 3: Logical model of the generalization/specialization design
The next step in the refinement of the logical model is to establish a mechanism for enforcing the exclusivity part of the supertype/subtype relationship. To start with, we will propagate the SpeciesName attribute in a foreign key relationship from the Species table to each of the subtype tables, Dogs and Cats (figure 4).
Figure 4: Logical model extending {SpeciesName} attribute to the specialization tables
For the Cats table, SpeciesName will only be allowed to take the value "Cat", and for the Dogs table, it can only be "Dog". These constraints represented on the drawing with annotations will be implemented using simple CHECK constraints.
The supertype entity "Pet", modeled by the table "Pets" can now leverage the SpeciesName attribute to determine which (if any) of the subtype tables are applicable. The attribute SpeciesName, when used this way, is called an inspection attribute [DE HANN, KOPPELAARS, 2007].
Reviewing the physical model diagram (figure 5), we see how we can again leverage a reducible superkey (see earlier articles) in the Pets table, {LicenseNbr, SpeciesName}, to enforce that not only will all table values for Dogs and Cats match a Pets row on LicenseNbr, but will match on SpeciesName as well. The exclusivity between the two tables is enforced by the CHECK constraints on SpeciesName in each. Therefore, we can never have, for example, a particular Pets row that is related to both Dogs and Cats.
Figure 5: Physical model showing the reducible superkey in Pets
So we now have exclusivity between the supertype and subtype tables. At the same time, we notice that there is nothing to ensure that a particular Pets row that happens to model a Dog or a Cat must have a corresponding row in the appropriate subtype table. This gets back to the interpretation we chose for the conceptual model earlier. Let's diverge for a moment and think about what it would take to enforce a rule that if a specialization exists, the generalization table must use it when the subtype matches.
The most straightforward way would be if we could declare a constraint comparing the cardinality of the 'Dog' and 'Cat' rows in Pets with the cardinality of the union of the 'Dogs' and 'Cats' tables. If they're equal, the constraint is satisfied. The first problem we would run into, though, is actually expressing the constraint. The second problem would be evaluating the constraint in the face of multiple table updates - a "chicken-and-egg" problem.
The SQL standard specifies the CREATE ASSERTION syntax for expressing this type of constraint, but it is not supported in SQL Server. We might be able to emulate this behavior with user-defined functions in T-SQL. Assuming we could do that in a way that yields decent performance, we are left with the "chicken-and-egg" problem.
Oracle solves the "chicken-and-egg" issue by allowing one to defer constraint checking to transaction boundaries. This is a workaround for the proper solution, namely to support a syntax for multiple assignment [DATE, 2005]. In T-SQL, we don't have a similar deferred checking feature, though, so we would need to go through some type of "ignore constraint -> perform updates -> reinstate constraints" procedural logic to accomplish the desired results. Either that, or go with a trigger-based enforcement mechanism (which is probably even more undesirable, see article 3 in the series).
Digression aside, let's now take a look at the T-SQL to create the new subtype tables (listing 1). Remember from article 3 that we already have the {LicenseNbr, SpeciesName} superkey in place, so no additional changes are needed for table Pets.
CREATE TABLE dbo.Dogs(
LicenseNbr int NOT NULL,
SpeciesName varchar(24) NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT fk_Dogs_to_Species
FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES dbo.Species(SpeciesName)
CONSTRAINT ck_Dogs_SpeciesName
CHECK (SpeciesName = 'Dog'),
CONSTRAINT fk_Dogs_to_Pets
FOREIGN KEY (LicenseNbr, SpeciesName)
REFERENCES dbo.Pets(LicenseNbr, SpeciesName),
AKCRegistered char(1) NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT ck_Dogs_AKCRegistered
CHECK (AKCRegistered IN ('Y', 'N'))
)
GO
CREATE TABLE dbo.Cats(
LicenseNbr int NOT NULL,
SpeciesName varchar(24) NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT fk_Cats_to_Species
FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES dbo.Species(SpeciesName)
CONSTRAINT ck_Cats_SpeciesName
CHECK (SpeciesName = 'Cat'),
CONSTRAINT fk_Cats_to_Pets
FOREIGN KEY (LicenseNbr, SpeciesName)
REFERENCES dbo.Pets(LicenseNbr, SpeciesName),
Declawed char(1) NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT ck_Cats_Declawed
CHECK (Declawed IN ('Y', 'N'))
)
GO
Listing 1: Dogs and Cats tables including foreign key constraints
And we finish off with the "unit test" for our supertype/subtype design (listing 2).
PRINT '
Valid: Dogs'
INSERT


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A model of not-for-profit buying groups, set up to meet members' needs and controlled by the people who join them.
Bringing farmers together to share knowledge and resources.
An NGO supporting schools to embed sensory food education in their teaching
Connecting with local culture through food and building communities.
An annual celebration of food, gathering food producers and businesses, chefs and eaters from across the UK
A network to share practical information on sustainable practices with farmers and growers.
The Sustainable Restaurant Association exists to accelerate change towards a sustainable food system.
Campaign to see unsustainable fish off the menu for good
First community supported fishery – making your catch count!
The UK's leading organic food & farming charity & certification body.


text:
Terry's Color Clock makes learning color simple and enjoyable. He developed his approach to color after years of frustration with color wheels and teaching on the subject. By the time you watch this video, you will understand which colors work together and why, how to put together color schemes, and which colors make a painting 'Pop.'
This lesson includes:
Terry's Color Clock; Color Harmonies; Accent Colors; Graying Down; Using the Color Clock Demos; Accent Colors; Triads and more!
SPECIAL NOTE: Terry developed a special 'Color Clock' that illustrates how to develop color schemes, and includes many of the important points of his lesson. The 'Color Clock' is 8.5 x 11 and fully laminated (waterproof). It also contains detailed instructions for creating harmonious, complementary and triad color schemes on the back and includes common and Terry Madden Artist Color names.
You can find Terry's Color Clock in our Products collection. $12
Simply click the Color Clock below.


Birds of Cambodia
✍ Cambodia Bird Guide Association (CBGA)
📚 Lynx and BirdLife International Field Guides Collection
Sandwiched principally between its better-known neighbours of Thailand, to the north and west, and Vietnam, to the east, the relatively small and comparatively low-lying country of Cambodia is dominated by the vast combined floodplains of the Tonle Sap (or Great Lake) and lower Mekong River. Unsurprisingly then, its principal attraction for birdwatchers is a suite of exceptionally scarce birds associated with wetlands and grasslands. Spearheading the list are the iconic Giant and White-shouldered Ibises, both of which are Critically Endangered, and a trio of almost equally rare vultures, including the iconic Red-headed Vulture. These rarities are the subject of an ongoing international conservation effort. The supporting cast includes Bengal Florican (also Critically Endangered), Sarus Crane (Vulnerable) and Mekong Wagtail (Near Threatened). Despite boasting just two endemic species, Cambodian Laughingthrush and the very recently described Cambodian Tailorbird, the latter's discovery in the environs of the country's capital Phnom Penh perhaps more than anything epitomises the potential to make cutting-edge ornithological findings in this still relatively under-explored nation. This field guide offers the perfect introduction to the country's varied avifauna.


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We prove the following results. (1) If M(P) is the space of maps of the pseudo-arc into itself with the sup metric, then the subset H(P) of maps of the pseudo-arc into itself which are homeomorphisms onto their images is a dense Gs in M(P). (2) Every homeomorphism of the pseudo-arc onto itself is a product of e-homeomorphisms. (3) There exists a nonidentity homeomorphism of the pseudo-arc with an infinite sequence of pth roots. (4) Every map between chainable continua can be lifted to a homeomorphism of pseudo-arcs.
- Chainable continuum
- Space of homeomorphisms


text:
本文推介常態凝固類比計算機之設計及操作方法。其原理乃利用一排垂直錠管中之液位高度，來模擬固化錠棒中之溶質濃度，而每一錠管代表固化錠棒上之位置。模擬之結果與分析解甚吻合，因此本模擬方法可推展至處理分析解無法獲得之較複雜困難之問題，例如分佈係數隨濃度而變及錠棒截面積不均勻等問題。 The design and operation of the analog computers for normal freezing have been introduced to simulate the solute concentration in the freezing solid by the heights of liquid level in an array of vertical ingot tubes. Each tube represents a discrete length of the freezing ingot. The simulation was confirmed pretty well with the analytical solution. The main contribution of present paper is to introduce the method of adjusting (decreasing) the cross-section area of the liquid-zone tube during operation for simulating the decreasing in unfrozen zone. This simulation can further be applied to the problems in which the distribution coefficient varies with the solute concentration, or to the zone-refining problems with variable zone length, if the cross-section area of the liquid-zone tube is adjusted (decreased) appropriately during the simulation operation, while the analytical solutions to the problems of variable distribution coefficient and variable zone length are difficult to achieve.
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Chemical Engineers 32(2), pp.187-192


text:
Billy Strings is a celebrated American guitarist, instrumentalist, and bluegrass artist acclaimed for his distinctive and captivating musical style. He received the Grammy Award for Best Bluegrass Album in 2021 for his work on the album "Home."
Billy Strings' Family
William Apostol, known as Billy Strings, was born on October 3, 1992, in Lansing, Michigan. Tragically, his birth father, Billy Apostol, passed away from a heroin overdose when Billy was just two years old. After this loss, his mother, Debra Apostol, remarried Terry Barber, a skilled amateur bluegrass musician. The family initially moved to Morehead, Kentucky, before eventually establishing their home in Muir, a small Michigan town. Both Billy's stepfather and uncle were accomplished musicians, exposing the young artist to acoustic music from a very early age.
While Billy was still a preteen, his parents became addicted to methamphetamine. He left the family home at the age of 13 and went through a period of hard drug usage. His family eventually achieved sobriety; Billy stopped using hard drugs and drinking alcohol.
Billy's stepfather, Terry Barber, immersed himself in the Michigan bluegrass scene as a picker, although he pursued it as a non-professional endeavor. Terry significantly shaped his son's musical journey by exposing him to traditional bluegrass from an early age. Billy was introduced to the works of influential artists such as Doc Watson, Del McCoury, David Grisman, Bill Monroe, John Hartford, Ralph Stanley, Earl Scruggs, and Larry Sparks. In addition to bluegrass, Terry's musical interests extended to rock and metal, with influences ranging from Jimi Hendrix, Johnny Winter, Widespread Panic, Phish, and Grateful Dead to Def Leppard, Between the Buried and Me, and Black Sabbath. During his teenage years, Billy, under his father's guidance, played guitar, and the two often jammed together in both hard rock and indie rock bands. Billy's early exposure to playing rhythm in bluegrass bands showcased his remarkable dexterity and technique, drawing attention to his musical prowess.
Billy Strings' Career
Billy Strings began his professional career in 2012, when Don Julin, a mandolin player from Traverse City, Michigan, and author of Mandolin for Dummies, asked Strings to join him on a paying gig. The partnership lasted for the next four years. Rolling Stone recognized Billy as one of the Top Ten New Country Artists to Know in 2017. On February 12, 2018, Rolling Stone published an article titled "Bluegrass Prodigy Billy Strings Plots 2018 Spring Tour", On February 12, 2018, Rolling Stone published an article titled "Bluegrass Prodigy Billy Strings Plots 2018 Spring Tour, describing him as one of the latest and exceptional guitar pickers in the bluegrass world. In 2016, Billy Strings won the honor of Best Instrumentalist of the Year from the International Bluegrass Music Association. He also collaborated with Molly Tuttle on the songs "Sittin' on Top of the World" and "Billy in the Lowground".
In 2016, Billy Strings was recognized as a scene tastemaker by the Bluegrass Situation. The following year, Acoustic Guitar featured him among six emerging bluegrass stars, and his album "Turmoil & Tinfoil" secured the third spot on the Billboard Bluegrass charts in September. Joining Rounder Records in June 2019, Strings released his album "Home," produced and engineered by Glenn Brown, which became his most successful release. It claimed the No. 1 position on the Heatseekers Albums and Bluegrass Albums charts and debuted at No. 11 on the Emerging Artists Chart. In March 2018, PBS announced Strings as the inaugural performer at the new cave for the renowned series Bluegrass Underground in Pelham, Tennessee. In September 2019, he was honored as the International Bluegrass Music Association Guitar Player of the Year in Raleigh, North Carolina. At the 63rd Annual Grammy Awards, his album "Home" won the Grammy for Best Bluegrass Album.
In 2021, Billy Strings collaborated with Bill Kreutzmann's Billy & the Kids for several shows, featuring James Casey on saxophone. As a solo artist, he participated in the Newport Folk Festival in July 2021. His third studio album, "Renewal," was released on September 24, 2021. On October 3, 2022, Strings revealed his upcoming album, "Me/And/Dad," a collaborative project with his father Terry Barber. At the 2022 International Bluegrass Music Awards, he garnered six nominations and won Entertainer of the Year for the second consecutive year, with his song "Red Daisy" securing the title of Song of the Year. Billy Strings received four nominations at the Americana Music Honors & Awards, presented annually by the Americana Music Association to recognize excellence in Americana and American roots music.
Billy Strings' Net Worth
Billy Strings has accumulated an impressive net worth of $5 million through his career in bluegrass music. His earnings come from various sources, including the sale of records and albums, live performances, tours, shows, and live streaming. With a YouTube channel initiated about 11 years ago, boasting over 250 thousand subscribers and 289 uploaded videos, Strings has established a substantial presence in the digital realm as well.


In this Skellig worksheet, students read to understand the works of David Almond and learn about his life. Students read eleven passages and then answer ten questions related to reading for meaning and understanding the author's craft.
20 Views 28 Downloads
Classroom Considerations


text:
Archive for August, 2011
by admin, August 27, 2011
Many individuals and world organizations dedicate themselves both justifiably and correctly in protecting endangered species of wild life.
Conservationists strive continually to protect such creatures as Pandas, Elephants, Seals, Rhinos, and Whales It would seem that there is some kind of built in mechanism to protect our fellow mammals, but what about the most common occupants of the oceans and rivers; the fish?
The general public either is not aware or does not care that approximately 90% of all species of fish have simply vanished, and that all of the world's oceans and rivers are undergoing great ecological changes; the reason?; over fishing!!
The Effects of Over Fishing.
Continue reading Effects of Over Fishing301 words, reading time ~ 1:12 mins
by admin, August 18, 2011
Torture is a method of inflicting severe anguish on another person. The torture may either be of an emotional or physical nature.
Physical torture involves causing much physical punishment and pain to another person. Emotional torture can consist of continual verbal abuse, or a continual deliberate lowering of the self esteem of another person. Indoctrination is a form of emotional torture.
The effects of torture will often show as the following –
- Acute anxiety, depression and extreme irritability.
- Loss of concentration, memory impairment or memory loss.
- Feelings of guilt and suspicion.
- Complete sexual dysfunction.
Continue reading Effects of Torture263 words, reading time ~ 1:03 mins
by admin, August 8, 2011
For any computer user who has suffered the effects of a computer virus he or she will know the annoyance and trouble which can be caused. A computer virus is a contagious program attached within another program or e-mail, which will self replicate and affect the integrity of the computer and stored data.
The virus can spread between computers and between differing organizations even by the act of opening or executing an affected file.
A commonly known type of computer virus is the Trojan horse. This has the effect of being a program which appears to have a valid function, but in fact damages other stored programs when executed. A computer worm is another highly invasive virus which commonly invades from another computer network. It replicates itself, thus avoiding deletion, and affects the operation of the host computer.
Continue reading Effects of a Computer Virus287 words, reading time ~ 1:09 mins


text:
FRIDAY, Jan. 21 (HealthDay News) -- Many of the greatest pieces
of music sound highly complex but can be reduced to simple patterns
by the brain, a new study shows.
The brain does this in much the same way that "lossless" music
compression formats reduce audio files to a smaller size -- by
removing redundant data and identifying patterns, explained study
author Nicholas Hudson.
It's believed that the subconscious mind recognizes patterns
within complex data and that our brains are hardwired to find
simple patterns pleasurable, he noted.
In this study, Hudson used lossless music compression programs
to mimic the brain's ability to compress audio information. He
compared the compressibility of random noise to a wide range of
music, including classical, techno, rock and pop.
Hudson found that random noise could only be compressed to 86
percent of its original "file size," compared with about 60 percent
for techno, rock and pop, and 40 percent for Beethoven's 3rd
Symphony, which is considered a highly complex piece of music.
The study appears in the journal
BMC Research Notes.
"Enduring musical masterpieces, despite apparent complexity, possess high compressibility," and it is this compressibility that appeals to listeners, Hudson concluded.
His advice for composers? "If you want immortality, write music
which sounds complex but that, in terms of its data, is reducible
to simple patterns."
The American Music Therapy Association explains how
is used to heal.


GNU R loop speed comparison
March 16, 2013
Recently I had several discussions about using for loops in GNU R and how they compare to *apply family in terms of speed. I have not seen a direct benchmark comparing them so I decided to execute one (warning: some of the code presented today takes long time to execute).
First I have started by comparing the speed of assignment operator for lists vs. numeric vectors in standard for loops. Here is the code:
speed.test <- function(n) {
x1 <- numeric(n)
x2 <- vector(n, mode = "list")
c(system.time(for (i in 1:n) { x1[i] <- i })[3],
system.time(for (i in 1:n) { x2[[i]] <- i })[3])
n <- seq(10 ^ 4, 10 ^ 6, len = 5)
result <- t(sapply(n, speed.test))
par(mar=c(4.5, 4.5, 1, 1))
matplot(n / 1000, result, type = "l", col = 1:2, lty = 1,
xlab = "n ('000)", ylab = "time")
legend("topleft", legend = c("numeric", "list"),
col = 1:2, lty = 1)
The picture showing the result of the comparison is the following:
As we can see - operation numeric vectors are significantly faster than list, especially for large vector sizes.
But how does this relate to *apply family of functions? The issue is that the workhorse function there is lapply and it works on lists. Other functions from this family call lapply internally.
So I have run the second test comparing: (a) lapply, (b) for loop working on lists and (c) for loop working on numeric vectors. Here is the code:
aworker <- function(n) {
r <- lapply(1:n, identity)
lworker <- function(n) {
r <- vector(n, mode = "list")
for (i in 1:n) {
r[[i]] <- identity(i)
nworker <- function(n) {
r <- numeric(n)
for (i in 1:n) {
r[i] <- identity(i)
run <- function(n, worker) {
compare <- function(n) {
c(lapply = run(n, aworker),
list = run(n, lworker),
numeric = run(n, nworker))
n <- rep(c(10 ^ 6, 10 ^ 7), 10)
result <- t(sapply(n, compare))
par(mfrow = c(1,2), mar = c(3,3,3,1))
for (i in n[1:2]) {
boxplot(result[n == i,],
main = format(i, scientific = F, big.mark = ","))
On the picture below we can see the result. For 1,000,000 elements in a vector lapply is the fastest. The reason it that it executes looping in compiled C code. However for 10,000,000 elements for loop using numeric vector is faster as it avoids conversion to list.
Of course probably on other machines than my notebook the difference in speed would manifest itself for other number of elements in a vector.
However one can draw a general conclusion: if you have large AND numeric vectors and need to do a lot of number crunching for loop will be faster than lapply.
Comments are closed.


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One of the most important bridges across the Tiber.
The bridge was built to cross the river from the city center to Emperor Hadrian's mausoleum, which later became the Castel Sant'Angelo.
In 1450, its balustrades buckled due a surging mob of pilgrims making their way to the Basilica di San Pietro, leading to a mass drowning. Later, in the 16th century, the structure was used to display the bodies of executed men to the public.
- The Ponte Sant'Angelo was one of the few landmarks to appear in both Assassin's Creed II and Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood.
- The bridge was a restricted area in Brotherhood, except in certain memories, such as "The Ezio Auditore Affair".
- The bridge was formerly known as Pons Aelius or Ponte Aelius.


that loan is then paid back along with the water bill. In order to help them put money aside, a specific account is set up for every household concerned. At least 100 francs CFA (15 euro cents) are paid into the account per day, and these payments are monitored weekly by a committee, so that the cost of the basic service charge is spread over several months.
- In Morocco, as part of a major OBA contract for water capture and improving sanitation in the cities of Rabat and Tangiers, the company Veolia Environnement cooperated with the local government to set up a system to provide the poorest households with a connection, both for water and for sanitation as part of programme to provide low-cost connections.
 8) Where to obtain further information ?
PS Eau This association published an interesting document in French in conjunction with the Water Utility Partnership for Capacity Building (WUP) Africa "Improving poor urban populations' access to drinking water and sanitation – Collection of good practices in Sub-Saharan Africa". Dakar, 2004. See pages 21 to 44.
Contributions to this sheet
premier forum


text:
Normalization is the SPM term for inter-subject registration - transforming a brain to better match a brain of another subject or template.
There are several possible ways to do this.
The methods split into those that use the structural image for warping, and those that use the EPI.
Using the structural image for warping
Methods that use the structural image for warping rely on having good matching (ProcessingCoregistration) between the structural and functional images, and practically this means you will have to use EPI undistortion.
Our current preferred option is to use the method that is now standard in SPM5, which is to segment the subject's structural image to get an estimate of the position and probability of gray matter voxels and then warp this gray matter image to match SPM's gray matter template. In SPM2, this involves a less automated process than SPM5 - following what used to be known as the optimized VBM protocol.
Our previous standard practice was to use the skull-stipped structural image for normalization.
Using the EPI for warping
Another method is to use the functional mean image and warp it directly to the SPM EPI template. This works reasonably well. You may need to use cost function masking to remove the effects of the susceptibility artefact holes in the EPI images; see the masked EPI to EPI normalization page.


text: A new packet-switching network technique is described which, while utilizing certain aspects of the ARPANET technology, introduces a substantially different technique for handling traffic which is longer than a single packet in length. The technique is keyed to a common-user network environment, where a wide variety of subscriber types, ranging from computers to simple terminals, are to be serviced. Subscribers in most cases would be remotely located from the network switching nodes. By splitting the buffering between the originating and destination nodes and by essentially eliminating the segment reassembly process, substantial reductions in on-line buffering can be achieved, while still maintaining short response times for interactive messages and large bandwidths for long data exchanges. In this paper we describe the network operational concepts and traffic flow for various subscriber types, show specific examples and timing diagrams for message flows, and present a comparative analysis of the buffer sizing, throughput, and delay for this new technique compared to the well-known ARPANET technique of packet switching.


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Re: [Diffserv] Model - queues - replacement text
Dan,
 [..]
> Queues perform three distinct, but related, functions: they store packets,
> they modulate the departure of packets belonging to various traffic streams
> and they selectively discard packets. This model decomposes queues into the
> component elements that perform each of these functions.
I disagree fundamentally with this description.
Queues are places where things are stored. Queues are acted upon
to effect addition to, or subtraction from, the queue's contents.
Addition is enqueuing. Subtraction is either a discard action,
or a scheduler action. A queue per se does no action to either
schedule or discard packets. That's the role of the scheduler
or discard stages. Queues peform data storage, nothing else.
(When I wrote code to hold data elements in a queue, the 'queue'
itself never modulated departure of data elements. Why should the
defn be changed for routers?)
 [..]
> Note that the term FIFO is overloaded (i.e., has more than one meaning). In
> common usage it is taken to mean, among other things, a data structure that
> permits items to be removed only in the order in which they were inserted,
> and a service discipline which is non-reordering. In this model, the former
> context is used except when explicitly noted.
So, totally ignoring the observation I (and I think Roch) made last
week - that in this case, 'FIFO' characterizes the scheduling behavior
applied to the queue. Focussing on FIFO as descriptive of the queue's data
structure just serves to complicate the whole discussion, and isn't really
useful to an abstract router model.
The descriptions of all the individual elements are good material.
But the above, expansive definition of 'a queue' is too much.
cheers,
gja
________________________________________________________________________
Grenville Armitage _URL_
Bell Labs Research, Lucent Technologies
_______________________________________________
diffserv mailing list
_EMAIL_
_URL_
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text:
A chip-based potentiometric sensor for a Zika virus diagnostic using 3D surface molecular imprinting†
The latest Zika virus (ZIKV) pandemic caused great international concern from explosively proliferating throughout the Americas. Currently, there is no vaccine to prevent Zika virus infection and available tests rely on antibodies or RNA. Unfortunately, antibody-based detection systems can result in false positive results and RNA-based detection systems are costly, time-consuming, and impractical for testing in remote regions. In this study, a potential point-of-care (POC) diagnostic system was developed using a chip-based potentiometric sensor to detect Zika virus using a 3D molecular imprinting technique. This chip-based potentiometric sensor system was able to detect 10−1 PFU mL−1 ZIKV in a buffered solution under 20 minutes without any sample manipulation. This sensor was tested against Dengue virus at clinical viral loads and showed no sign of cross-reactivity. When tested against human saliva samples containing clinical viral loads, this sensor was able to detect 10 PFU mL−1 ZIKV among the pool of bio-macromolecules. The high sensitivity and high selectivity demonstrated here proved that this lab-on-a-chip diagnostic has the potential to become a POC detection system for rapid and accurate screening of flaviviruses.
- This article is part of the themed collection: Coronavirus articles - free to access collection


text:
Bills create, amend, or repeal law. To become law, a bill must pass the House of Representatives and the Senate by a majority vote of the members-elect in each house. Bills may be introduced by members of the Legislative Assembly, standing committees, or the Legislative Management. A state executive agency or the North Dakota Supreme Court can have bills automatically introduced in the name of the standing committee to which the bill will be referred. House bills begin with the number 1001, and Senate bills begin with the number 2001. The Constitution of North Dakota (Article IV, Section 13) provides that bills adopted by the Legislative Assembly generally take effect August 1 after filing with the Secretary of State. However, certain appropriations and tax measures become effective July 1. The effective date may be later if specifically written into a bill. The effective date may be earlier if the Legislative Assembly declares an "emergency" and the measure receives a two-thirds vote of the members-elect in each house.
Resolutions propose constitutional amendments, express opinions, request actions, congratulate, or console. Resolutions do not have the effect of law. Resolutions are the vehicles used to propose constitutional amendments for voter consideration. Resolutions are used to request an interim study by the Legislative Management on a specific subject. Resolutions frequently express legislative opinion to Congress or other federal offices with regard to federal programs or policies. House concurrent resolutions begin with the number 3001, and Senate concurrent resolutions begin with the number 4001. Concurrent means that a particular resolution must be approved by both the House and Senate. The House or Senate may use resolutions for their own separate business such as memorial resolutions for deceased members, e.g., House Memorial Resolution 7001 and Senate Memorial Resolution 8001.
Session Laws (the popular name for Laws of North Dakota)
Session Laws contain the text of all measures enacted (bills) or adopted (resolutions) by a particular Legislative Assembly. Session Laws also include:
- Constitutional amendments proposed by the Legislative Assembly. Vote totals are provided for those "approved" or "disapproved" since publication of the preceding Session Laws.
- Initiated laws or constitutional amendments and referred bills submitted to voters since publication of the preceding Session Laws (includes vote totals).
- Governor's veto messages.
- Lists of House and Senate members.
- A statewide legislative district map.
Recent Session Laws are online at: _URL_.
Statutes provide written organized law. Since becoming a state in 1889, North Dakota law has been codified as the:
- Revised Codes of 1895.
- Revised Codes of 1899.
- Revised Codes of 1905.
- Compiled Laws of North Dakota 1913, with 1925 supplement.
- North Dakota Revised Code of 1943 with 1947, 1949, 1953, and 1957 supplements.
- North Dakota Century Code.
The North Dakota Century Code is the codification of general and permanent law. The Century Code was published between 1959 and 1960 and was named to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the establishment of Dakota Territory in 1861.
The Century Code is arranged systematically under broad titles such as Title 23 – Health and Safety, Title 39 – Motor Vehicles, Title 54 – State Government, and Title 65 – Workers Compensation. Laws with specific expiration dates usually are not codified in the Century Code. Following each Legislative Assembly, the Century Code is updated to reflect changes. Volumes are either reprinted or supplemented with a pocket part. Volume 13 of the Century Code contains the United States and the North Dakota Constitutions as well as other historic documents, including the Magna Carta, Articles of Confederation, and Declaration of Independence.
The Century Code is available online at _URL_.
How to Testify Before a North Dakota Legislative Committee
You have the right...
You have the right, as do all citizens, to testify before the North Dakota Legislative Assembly on any bill or resolution.
North Dakota has one of the most open legislatures in the nation. Every bill must have a public hearing before a legislative committee, must be publicly voted upon by the committee, and then must come before the full House or Senate for still another public vote.
Your opportunity to testify on a bill comes at the committee hearing.
Legislative committees meet in rooms on the ground floor or in the legislative wing of the State Capitol. You can come into a committee meeting at any time, even if the door is closed or a hearing is in progress.
Lists of the legislative committees, committee members, and the days and places committees meet are available on this website and at the legislative information kiosk in the hall between the Senate and House chambers. Committee hearing schedules are available on this website and can be viewed on the monitors by the information kiosk and in the hall of the ground floor at the Capitol.
Most current versions of bills and amendments are available on this website. You can also get copies of bills from the Bill and Journal Room. However, if the bill has been amended, the printed bill may not include the amendments.
Hearings Before North Dakota Legislative Committees Are Generally Informal and Few Rules Need Be Observed!
Before the Hearing You Should...
- Find out when and where your bill will be heard. Be on time for the hearing. Usually, once a hearing is closed on a particular bill, no further testimony is heard.
- Plan your testimony. It is not necessary, but it is helpful, to have written copies of your comments available.
- See if other persons will be testifying on your bill. If so, try to coordinate your testimony before the hearing to avoid duplication.
- Contact the Secretary of State's office if you are going to testify on behalf of anyone but yourself to see if you must register as a lobbyist.
At the Hearing You Should...
- Be present at the start of the hearing. All persons present usually get a chance to speak, but sometimes because of large turnouts it is not possible to give everyone a chance to speak. If you do not get a chance to testify, your presence may be acknowledged and you might be asked if you favor or oppose the bill. Also, you can always submit written testimony.
- Sign the witness sheet at the lectern. Give the bill number, whether you favor or oppose the bill, your name, your lobbyist registration number if you have one, and who you represent if other than yourself.
- Wait your turn. The chairman announces the beginning of the hearing on a particular bill. The clerk will read the bill. The first speaker is usually the bill's sponsor. The chairman then asks for testimony first from proponents and then opponents.
- Plan on following the custom (although it is not absolutely necessary) of beginning your remarks by addressing the chairman and committee members, giving your name and address, and why you are there. For example: "Mr. or Madam Chairman and members of the committee, my name is John Q. Public from Edwinton. I'm in favor of this bill because, etc."
- Be brief. Do not repeat what others have said. The hearings are informal so be conversational. Avoid being too technical. Avoid using acronyms or technical references unless you first explain what they mean.
- Do not be nervous or worried about doing something wrong. There are no "rights and wrongs" about testifying. Legislators are just your friends and neighbors who want to hear what you have to say.
- Expect some questions and comments from committee members. These questions are not designed to embarrass you but merely to provide additional information.
- Avoid any clapping, cheering, booing, or other demonstrations.
After the Hearing...
- Some committees vote right after a hearing. Others wait until the end of the meeting. Some postpone voting until another meeting.
- All committee action is public so you can stay to listen to committee debate and its vote even though the public comment portion of the hearing is over.
- One or two days later you can check with the committee clerk, your legislator, or the legislative information kiosk to find out how the committee voted on your bill.
You have a right to testify on any bill before a legislative committee. Legislators want to hear what you have to say.
State law (North Dakota Century Code Chapter 54-05.1) requires most persons to register as lobbyists if they (1) attempt to secure the passage, amendment, or defeat of any legislation by the Legislative Assembly or the approval or veto of any legislation by the Governor; or (2) attempt to influence decisions made by the Legislative Management or by an interim committee of the Legislative Management.
The North Dakota Secretary of State administers the lobbyist registration law. Information on lobbyist registration is available from the Secretary of State.


Human Rights Watch: Defamation Laws Being Used To Silence Critics In Lebanon
Human Rights Watch (HRW) released a report on November 15th titled "There Is a Price to Pay" that explores the recent decline in the tolerance towards free speech in Lebanon.
The 122-page report dives deep into the way defamation and insult laws are being used in Lebanon by the political authority to silence critics and limit criticism.
The report states that powerful political and religious figures in Lebanon have increasingly used the country's criminal insult and defamation laws against opposers of corruption, including demonstrators protesting Lebanon's worsening economic and political situation.
Lebanese citizens charged with defamation and insult towards political figures can face up to 3 years of imprisonment.
Some of these laws have been unaltered since the Ottoman mandate period, and HRW urges the Lebanese Parliament to revoke these laws for their infringement on human rights and freedom of speech and expression.
Statistics in the report show that between January 2015 and May 2019, the Cybercrimes Bureau in Lebanon has investigated 3,599 cases relating to defamation, libel, and slander. Notably, the cases peaked before the May 2019 parliamentary elections.
The report continues that between 2015 and 2019, at least three individuals have received prison sentences.
"One of those individuals received 9 prison sentences in absentia in 9 different criminal cases filed against him by the same politician," as per the HRW report.
Moreover, HRW had interviewed tens of defendants and lawyers in criminal defamation cases, and most of them said that they stopped criticizing the government after being released.
As per the defendants, the reason for the self-censorship was the intimidation they experienced resulting from the defamation cases.
Reporters, activists, and protesters are some of the people most targeted by politicians with criminal defamation and insult laws, due to their vocal opposition to corruption and suspicious political activity.
The latest example of activists being targeted is that of activist and social media figure Khaldoun Jaber, who was arrested during a protest in front of the presidential palace in Baabda and verbally and physically abused while in detention, according to Jaber.
In that regard, we urge all our Lebanese in the diaspora who have been vocal with their support of the revolution, and who intend to return to Lebanon these days, to read this Friendly Warning


DEFINITION of 'Addendum'
An attachment to an a document such as an insurance policy that changes the original policy conditions, either to include or exclude coverage. The addendum becomes part of the legal contract.
In insurance, endorsement is an addendum attached to the original policy that alters or replaces the previous provisions.
In real estate purchase agreements, an addendum is a document containing any changes or modifications negotiated in the original lease. Usually, an addendum is attached to the signed lease, as a part of the lease, and describes financing terms and property inspection requirements.
For contracts, if the addendum alters a contract, which has already been signed by all parties, it is known as an amendment.
 1. Adhesion Contract
 2. Contract Month
 3. Breach Of Contract
 4. Contract Holder
 5. Insurance
 6. Conditionally Renewable Policy
 An insurance policy provision that allows the insurer to not...
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.
You will also need to choose a name for the cluster which must be 12 characters or less and can only contain lower case letters, numbers and an underscore. Assuming we call it 'cluster1' we would then create a Kognitio cluster on the above example cluster like this:
CONTAINER_MEMSIZE=28000 CONTAINER_VCORES=4 CONTAINER_COUNT=6 kodoop create_cluster cluster1
This will display the following and invite you to confirm or cancel the operation:
kodoop@ip-xx-x-x-xxx:~$ CONTAINER_MEMSIZE=28000 CONTAINER_VCORES=4 CONTAINER_COUNT=6 kodoop create_cluster cluster1
Kognitio Analytical Platform software for Hadoop ver80200rel170824.
(c)Copyright Kognitio Ltd 2001-2017.
Creating Kognitio cluster with ID cluster1
=================================================================
Cluster configuration for cluster1
Containers: 6
Container memsize: 28000 Mb
Container vcores: 4
Internal storage limit: 10 Gb per store
Internal store count: 6
External gateway port: 6550
Kognitio server version: ver80200rel170824
Cluster will use 168 Gb of ram.
Cluster will use up to 60 Gb of HDFS storage for internal data.
Data networks: all
Management networks: all
Edge to cluster networks: all
Using broadcast packets: no
=================================================================
Hit ctrl-c to abort or enter to continue
The above is telling you the configuration of the cluster you are about to create. A Kognitio 168Gb cluster consisting of 6 28Gb containers assigning 4 vcores to each container, and 60Gb on HDFS as the Kognitio data store will be created. If this looks OK, hit enter and the cluster will be created.
Once creation is completed you will have a working Kognitio Analytical platform up and running and ready to use.
If you have over committed the YARN resource available it is likely that the creation will fail waiting for the resource manager to allocate a resource request that it cannot fulfill. The Hadoop ResourceManager UI provides you with information about the Kognitio cluster application and the containers created.
From Ambari select the YARN service and click the Quick Links ResourceManager UI.
For further information on the configuration settings and options (_URL_
Next steps
At this point you will have a working Kognitio cluster up and ready to use. If you're already a Kognitio user you probably know what you want to do next and you can stop reading here.
Full Kognitio on Hadoop documentation to get you started on your Kognitio journey is available from our website (_URL_
You can download the Kognitio client tools (_URL_ install them locally, run Kognitio console and connect to port 6550 on the edge node to start working with the server.
Alternatively you can just log into the edge node as kodoop and run 'kodoop sql <system ID>' to issue sql locally. Log into Kognitio as 'sys' user with the system ID as the password (it is a good idea to change this!).
kodoop sql cluster1
Kognitio Analytical Platform software for Hadoop ver80200rel170824.
(c)Copyright Kognitio Ltd 2001-2017.
Kognitio WX2 SQL Submission Tool v8.02.00-rel170824
(c)Copyright Kognitio Ltd _PHONE_.
Password:
Connected to localhost:6550 ODBC Version 8.02.00-rel170824 Server Version 08.02.0000
>alter user "SYS" alter password to "PASSWORD";
Query 1 Complete ---- 0:00.1 0:00.1 0:00.1
There are now lots of different ways you can set up your server and get data into it but the most common thing to do is to build memory images (typically view images) to run SQL against. This is typically a two step process involving the creation of external tables which pull external data directly into the cluster followed by the creation of view images on top of these to pull data directly from the external source into a memory image. In some cases you may also want to create one or more regular tables and load data into them using Kognitio wxloader or another data loading tool, in which case Kognitio will store a binary representation of the data in the HDFS filesystem.
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Friction Welding Your 3D Prints
Friction Welding.jpg
A common technique to successfully 3D print complex objects is to print separate pieces and then glue them together. But are there other techniques for joining pieces together? Apparently yes.
There is a technique known as "friction welding", which uses the principle of friction-generated heat. If there is sufficient friction, the heat may be high enough to melt or soften 3D prints made of ABS and particularly of PLA as they have a lower melt temperature.
In this video friction welding is demonstrated. The approach is to insert a filament segment into a Dremel or similar tool and spin it at very high speed. The tip of the rotating filament touches the print and friction generates heat. Some of the filament's melted plastic is deposited on the print if you handle it carefully. You can also drill smooth holes in the print by simply pushing the filament through.
Is this approach useful for joining two pieces together? Maybe, but it would require a lot of very careful work to do so. Probably it's less effective for joining pieces than it is for welding holes closed and other small repairs.
But it's yet another approach to put in your 3D printing toolkit.
Via YouTube


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In quantum gravity, ADM wavefunctional solutions have to satisfy the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. This leads to timelessness. What happens if we have a time periodic solution? In classical general relativity, a time periodic solution just means that and no more. But when combined with a timeless wavefunctional, if the same configuration occurs twice or more often, the coefficient of the configuration component in the wavefunctional has to be exactly the same both times around, both in magnitude and in phase. That is because we have no disambiguating clock external to the timeless wavefunctional, which is not multivalued. But this is exactly the description of a closed timelike curve.
Assume space is compact so we do not have to worry about asymptotic infinity.
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1 Answer 1
If there is a time periodic solution of $\hat{\mathcal{H}}\Psi=0$, then obviously there are only a finite number of solutions throughout the whole of time. A closed timelike curve is a closed worldline, i.e., the particle whose worldline is a CTC must have a repeated 4-position. If the position $\overrightarrow{x}$ has a linear dependence on time, then your argument is true and a CTC is created. If no such linear dependence exists, then the particle may end up with the same time coordinate, but not the position - and this is not a CTC.
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Your Answer


text:
Keywords: generative model, weak supervision
Abstract: Many promising applications of supervised machine learning face hurdles in the acquisition of labeled data in sufficient quantity and quality, creating an expensive bottleneck. To overcome such limitations, techniques that do not depend on ground truth labels have been studied, including weak supervision and generative modeling. While these techniques would seem to be usable in concert, improving one another, how to build an interface between them is not well-understood. In this work, we propose a model fusing programmatic weak supervision and generative adversarial networks and provide theoretical justification motivating this fusion. The proposed approach captures discrete latent variables in the data alongside the weak supervision derived label estimate. Alignment of the two allows for better modeling of sample-dependent accuracies of the weak supervision sources, improving the estimate of unobserved labels. It is the first approach to enable data augmentation through weakly supervised synthetic images and pseudolabels. Additionally, its learned latent variables can be inspected qualitatively. The model outperforms baseline weak supervision label models on a number of multiclass image classification datasets, improves the quality of generated images, and further improves end-model performance through data augmentation with synthetic samples.
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Please Choose The Closest Area That Your Submission Falls Into: General Machine Learning (ie none of the above)
Community Implementations: [![CatalyzeX](/images/catalyzex_icon.svg) 1 code implementation](_URL_