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Health Risks and Allergies Related to Chia Seeds
Do Chia Seeds Increase Estrogen in Males
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You might be wondering, 'Can chia seeds really boost estrogen levels in men? That seems unlikely!' Yet, bear with us as we aim to offer information grounded in evidence.
In this article, we'll debunk the myth surrounding chia seeds and estrogen levels in men. We'll explore the science behind hormone regulation and the impact chia seeds have on testosterone levels.
So, if you're looking to incorporate chia seeds into your diet but have concerns about estrogen, keep reading. We've got you covered.
Key Takeaways
 - Estrogen is produced in small amounts by the testes and adrenal glands in males.
 - Chia seeds do not increase estrogen in males.
 - Chia seeds contain phytoestrogens that can mimic or block the effects of estrogen.
 - Limited scientific evidence specifically studies the effect of chia seeds on testosterone levels.
Estrogen in Males: Understanding the Basics
In our exploration of the effects of chia seeds on estrogen levels in males, it's important to understand the basics of estrogen in males.
chia seeds morrisons
Estrogen is a hormone typically associated with females, but it also plays a crucial role in male health. In males, estrogen is produced in small amounts by the testes and adrenal glands. An imbalance in estrogen levels can have various symptoms, including mood swings, decreased libido, and fatigue.
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Additionally, high estrogen levels have been linked to a decrease in male fertility. Estrogen can interfere with the production of testosterone, which is essential for sperm production.
Understanding the effects of estrogen on male fertility and recognizing estrogen imbalance symptoms are important steps in maintaining overall male health and well-being.
Debunking the Myth: Chia Seeds and Estrogen
Contrary to popular belief, chia seeds don't increase estrogen in males. This misconception stems from a misunderstanding of the phytoestrogens found in chia seeds. Phytoestrogens are plant compounds that can mimic estrogen in the body, but their effects are much weaker than the estrogen produced by the human body.
chia seeds for weight loss
While some studies have suggested that phytoestrogens may have a slight impact on hormone levels, the evidence is inconclusive and doesn't specifically link chia seeds to increased estrogen in males.
In fact, the overall nutritional profile of chia seeds, including their high fiber, protein, and omega-3 fatty acid content, makes them a valuable addition to a balanced diet.
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The Science Behind Chia Seeds and Hormone Regulation
Our understanding of the relationship between chia seeds and hormone regulation is supported by scientific research and provides valuable insights into their potential effects on the human body.
Chia seeds are often touted for their numerous health benefits, including their potential to regulate hormone balance. While chia seeds do contain phytoestrogens, compounds that mimic the effects of estrogen in the body, research suggests that they may actually help balance hormones rather than disrupt them.
what is chia seeds in telugu
Phytoestrogens can bind to estrogen receptors in the body and either mimic or block the effects of estrogen, depending on the individual's hormonal needs. This means that chia seeds could potentially help regulate hormone imbalance in both males and females.
However, further research is needed to fully understand the extent of chia seed benefits on hormone regulation and their effects on specific conditions.
Chia Seeds and Testosterone Levels in Males
From our research on the relationship between chia seeds and hormone regulation, we can now delve into the impact of chia seeds on testosterone levels in males.
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Testosterone is a crucial hormone that plays a key role in male fertility and overall well-being.
tukma benefits
While there's limited scientific evidence specifically studying the effect of chia seeds on testosterone levels, some studies have explored the potential benefits of chia seeds on fertility in men.
Chia seeds are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which have been associated with improved sperm quality. Additionally, chia seeds are a good source of zinc, a mineral that's essential for testosterone production.
While more research is needed to fully understand the effect of chia seeds on testosterone levels in males, incorporating them into a balanced diet may potentially have positive effects on fertility and overall reproductive health.
Incorporating Chia Seeds Into a Balanced Diet for Men
To incorporate chia seeds into our balanced diet, we can start by including them in our daily meals and snacks. Chia seeds offer several benefits for male fertility. They're rich in essential nutrients like zinc, which plays a crucial role in sperm production and overall reproductive health.
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chia seeds weight loss
Additionally, chia seeds are a great source of omega-3 fatty acids, which are important for men's health. Omega-3 fatty acids help reduce inflammation, support heart health, and may even improve sperm quality.
Adding chia seeds to our diet can be as simple as sprinkling them on top of yogurt or oatmeal, blending them into smoothies, or using them as a topping for salads.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can Chia Seeds Increase Estrogen Levels in Males?
Chia seeds have been studied for their effects on testosterone levels in males. While there is limited evidence, some studies suggest that chia seeds may have potential benefits for male fertility. However, more research is needed to fully understand their impact on estrogen levels.
Is It True That Chia Seeds Have Hormonal Effects on Men?
Absolutely! Chia seeds have numerous potential health benefits, including hormonal effects on women. While research on males is limited, chia seeds are unlikely to significantly increase estrogen levels in men.
chia seeds in water benefits for hair
Do Chia Seeds Contain Phytoestrogens That Can Impact Male Hormone Levels?
Chia seeds do contain phytoestrogens, but the impact on male hormone levels is inconclusive. Some studies suggest chia seeds may have beneficial effects on testosterone and male fertility, but more research is needed for definitive conclusions.
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Can Consuming Chia Seeds Lead to Feminizing Effects in Men?
Chia seeds can actually benefit male fertility and promote hormonal balance. They do not increase estrogen in males. Instead, they provide essential nutrients that support overall health and well-being, helping us serve others better.
Are There Any Specific Risks or Side Effects Associated With Chia Seed Consumption for Men?
There are potential risks associated with chia seed consumption for men and potential side effects of chia seed consumption for males. It is important to be aware of these when considering adding chia seeds to your diet.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the myth that chia seeds increase estrogen in males has been debunked. Scientific evidence suggests that chia seeds don't have a significant impact on estrogen levels in men.
are chia seeds good for you
Instead, chia seeds can be incorporated into a balanced diet as a source of essential nutrients and fiber. Like a small but mighty seed, chia seeds can be a valuable addition to a healthy lifestyle for men.
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Health Risks and Allergies Related to Chia Seeds
Bandar Chia
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We're excited to present Bandar Chia, a musical phenomenon that's sure to sweep you away like a refreshing breeze during a warm summer day.
With our unique blend of genres and captivating performances, we have been making waves in the music industry.
In this article, we will delve into the origins of Bandar Chia, explore our musical style, uncover the secrets to our success, and give you a glimpse into our exciting future.
Get ready to be inspired by the evolution of our sound!
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Key Takeaways
 - Bandar Chia holds cultural significance for musicians worldwide
 - Bandar Chia's musical style is a fusion of traditional and modern influences
 - Effective marketing strategies and collaborations have contributed to Bandar Chia's success
 - Bandar Chia's sound has evolved through collaborations and exploration of different genres
The Origins of Bandar Chia
In our exploration of the origins of Bandar Chia, we'll delve into the historical events that led to the establishment of this vibrant city.
Bandar Chia holds great cultural significance, not only for its residents but also for musicians around the world. The city has been a breeding ground for creativity, fostering an environment where artists can thrive and express themselves.
The influence of Bandar Chia on other musicians can't be overstated. Its unique blend of traditional and modern musical styles has inspired countless artists to incorporate elements of Bandar Chia's sound into their own work.
As we delve deeper into Bandar Chia's musical style, we'll uncover the rich tapestry of influences that have shaped this iconic city's sound.
chia seeds recipes smoothies
Exploring Bandar Chia's Musical Style
As we delve into Bandar Chia's musical style, we're captivated by the intricate fusion of traditional and modern influences that have shaped the city's iconic sound. Bandar Chia's unique sound can be attributed to a rich tapestry of musical influences that have been interwoven over the years.
Here are two sub-lists that shed light on the city's musical heritage and its modern-day innovations:
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 1. Traditional Influences:
 - Malay and Indonesian Gamelan music
 - Chinese classical music
 1. Modern Influences:
 - Western pop and rock music
 - Electronic and experimental music
Bandar Chia's musical style seamlessly blends these various elements,


Echoing server information such as user IP, current date etc using SSI
Another common and practical usage of SSI is to display basic information about your server or your visitors, such as the last modified date of the webpage, current server time, visitor IP address etc. These are all tasks that client side languages such as JavaScript cannot accomplish, but can be done using the _TAG_ command of SSI.. Here's a quick overview of some of variables you can use with SSI's _TAG_ to display useful information:
DATE_GMT The current server date, in Greenwich mean time. Format using _TAG_.
DATE_LOCAL The current server date. Format using _TAG_.
DOCUMENT_NAME The file name of the current document.
DOCUMENT_URI The virtual path of the current document.
LAST_MODIFIED The last modified date of the document. Format using _TAG_.
HTTP_REFERER URL of the document the client derived from to get to current document.
REMOTE_ADDR IP address of the visitor.
_TAG_ Command to display last modified date/time of a document or file on the server. Format using _TAG_.
_TAG_ Command to display file size of a document or file. Format using _TAG_.
To echo something using SSI, the syntax is:
Lets see how to use these variables exactly.
Echo current server date and time
To display the current server date and time, use either the "DATE_GMT" or "DATE_LOCAL" variable. In its simplest form:
Output: Saturday, 28-Nov-2015 18:35:38 MST
Not bad eh for one simple line of code.
Echo last modified date of current document or file
It's very useful at times to show the last modified date of a web page:
This document last modified:
Output: This document last modified: Tuesday, 12-May-2015 10:07:21 MDT
Echo last modified date of any document or file
You can also display the last modified date of any document or file on your server besides the present, by using another command called _TAG_ instead of _TAG_:
greenday.mp3 last modified:
Index page last modified:
Sample output: greenday.mp3 last modified Thursday, 06-Jan-2005 05:35:27 EST.
Echoing visitor IP address
This is also a commonly requested question and answerhow to display the user's IP address:
Your IP:
Output: Your IP:
Displaying file size of a document
Finally, you can display the file size of any document on your server using _TAG_, by using a different command called _TAG_.
This document's file size:
The file size of main index page:
Sample output: This document's file size: 8.4K
Interesting Uses of SSI
The interesting thing to note about using the output commands of SSI is that they can be embedded anywhere inside your HTML source, even in unexpected places to do interesting things. For example, you can use SSI echo to populate a JavaScript variable with the visitor's IP address, then continue to use JavaScript to react accordingly:


text:
Examples of Python source code or interactive sessions are represented as \verbatim environments. This environment is a standard part of LaTeX. It is important to only use spaces for indentation in code examples since TeX drops tabs instead of converting them to spaces.
Representing an interactive session requires including the prompts and output along with the Python code. No special markup is required for interactive sessions. After the last line of input or output presented, there should not be an ''unused'' primary prompt; this is an example of what not to do:
>>> 1 + 1 2 >>>
Within the \verbatim environment, characters special to LaTeX do not need to be specially marked in any way. The entire example will be presented in a monospaced font; no attempt at ''pretty-printing'' is made, as the environment must work for non-Python code and non-code displays. There should be no blank lines at the top or bottom of any \verbatim display.
Longer displays of verbatim text may be included by storing the example text in an external file containing only plain text. The file may be included using the standard \verbatiminput macro; this macro takes a single argument naming the file containing the text. For example, to include the Python source file example.py, use:
Use of \verbatiminput allows easier use of special editing modes for the included file. The file should be placed in the same directory as the LaTeX files for the document.
The Python Documentation Special Interest Group has discussed a number of approaches to creating pretty-printed code displays and interactive sessions; see the Doc-SIG area on the Python Web site for more information on this topic.
See About this document... for information on suggesting changes.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
W134MH is an integrated circuit (IC) component with remarkable features and functionalities. It is designed to cater to a wide range of electronic applications, providing efficient performance and reliability. Here are some key features of the W134MH IC component:
1. High-Speed Operation: The W134MH offers high-speed operation, making it suitable for applications that require quick response times. Its advanced architecture ensures rapid data processing and optimal performance.
2. Low Power Consumption: This IC component is built with power efficiency in mind. It consumes minimal power, making it ideal for battery-operated devices and energy-conscious applications. The W134MH enhances battery life and reduces overall power consumption.
3. Multiple Inputs and Outputs: With a plethora of input and output pins, the W134MH allows for flexible connectivity options. These pins enable seamless integration with other electronic components, facilitating effective communication and data transfer between devices.
4. Wide Operating Voltage Range: The W134MH IC component operates within a wide voltage range, enabling it to work with various power supply sources. This feature enhances adaptability, making it suitable for diverse electronic projects and applications.
5. Robust Protection Mechanisms: The W134MH incorporates built-in protection mechanisms to safeguard against various electrical and thermal hazards. These mechanisms protect the IC against overvoltage, overcurrent, and overheating, ensuring its longevity and dependability.
6. Compact Size: This IC component boasts a compact form factor, which is advantageous for space-constrained applications. Its small footprint allows for easy integration into devices with limited space availability while maintaining efficient functionality.
7. Versatile Applications: The W134MH finds utility in a wide range of electronic applications, such as consumer electronics, industrial automation, motor control systems, and telecommunications. Its versatility makes it a versatile choice for various projects and industries.
Please note that this overview provides only a glimpse of the features offered by the W134MH IC component. For more detailed information, it is recommended to refer to the manufacturer's datasheet or technical documentation.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Application News No. V24M
3D-DIC Analysis of CFRP Subjected to Collision with a High Speed Flying Object
Of all composite materials, Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) is particularly superior in terms of specific strength and specific rigidity. As a result, it is used in aircraft and some transportation equipment in order to improve fuel efficiency by reducing weight. However, the exhibition of superior mechanical properties is limited by the orientation of the fibers in CFRP laminate boards. It is known that interlaminar strength is low, as is the strength in a direction orthogonal to the fibers. In considering its use in transportation equipment, an (interlaminar) impact load may be applied from the outer surface of the laminate board by hail and scattered stones. For this reason, collision tests with high-speed flying objects are a very important type of test. Even if external damage to the CFRP laminate board cannot be confirmed after the collision test, there may be internal damage since the interlaminar strength is low. Accordingly, in order to evaluate the impact properties of CFRP, it is necessary to check how the CFRP laminate board was deformed at the time of the impact, and what sort of internal damage was produced.
DIC analysis is effective for measuring the strain distribution of a specimen. Synchronized imaging is required from two directions in order to measure the 3D strain distribution. This article introduces an example of the evaluation of the deformation of CFRP due to collision with a high-speed flying object. 3D-DIC analysis is applied, using two high-speed video cameras.
Learn more about 3D-DIC solutions & high-speed imaging:
Contact a Hadland Imaging representative to learn more and visit our page on DIC Solutions (digital image correlation) for more information about testing machines, high-speed cameras & everything you need to get the job done right.
Keywords: Shimadzu Hyper Vision HPV-X2, 3D-DIC


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What are the benefits of Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)?
I am writing to inquire about the benefits of the Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY). As someone who is interested in the financial inclusion initiatives of the Government of India, I have come across the PMJDY, which was launched in August 2014. However, I would like to gain a better understanding of the various advantages and positive impacts that this scheme has brought about. I understand that the main objective of PMJDY is to provide access to financial services for the unbanked and underbanked population in India. Beyond that, I am particularly interested in knowing more
The scheme has been very successful in reaching its target audience. As of March 2023, over 400 million accounts have been opened under PMJDY. The scheme has also helped to increase financial literacy and financial awareness among the poor.
The benefits of PMJDY include:
Access to savings accounts: PMJDY accounts offer a safe and secure place to save money. This can help people to build up their savings and prepare for emergencies.
Access to loans: PMJDY accounts can be used to access loans for a variety of purposes, such as starting a business, buying a home, or paying for education.
Access to insurance: PMJDY accounts offer insurance coverage against death, disability, and other unforeseen events. This can help to protect families from financial hardship in the event of a crisis.
Access to pensions: PMJDY accounts can be used to save for retirement. This can help people to have a secure income in their old age.


text:
La Estrella de Panamá
The newspaper originally began in 1853 as a Spanish-language translation insert of an English daily, The Panama Star, which had been formed in 1849. It has a circulation of approximately 8,000 print copies.
Media related to Antiguas oficinas de La Estrella de Panamá at Wikimedia Commons
|This Central American newspaper-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|
|This Panama-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Skip to Main Content
Location estimation as one of the most popular research areas has been recently attended because of wide range of its applications. K Nearest Neighbor (KNN) is a basic deterministic algorithm for locating which is widely used in fingerprinting approach. The performance of the KNN can be improved extensively by employing appropriate selection algorithm. In this paper, a novel algorithm called Dynamic KNN (D-KNN) which uses Angle of Arrival (AOA) and KNN as a hybrid method is proposed. This method comparing with KNN algorithm with constant K, selects the best number of nearest neighbors dynamically. It utilizes the adaptive antenna system to determine the user locative area by intersection of several obtained AOA. The best K neighbors which are located in the determined area can be selected to employ in the KNN. Analysis and simulation results are reported the best overall performance of D-KNN in different conditions.


text:
In the simplest case of a purchase there are two things which are knownthe Quantity (how many/much)
and the Cost per unit (or item)Then multiplying these two together givesthe Total cost
and this can be done in the top part of this calculator.It can also be used to work out what the 'Cost per unit' was if the 'Quantity' and 'Total cost' are known. Or the 'Quantity' if the other two are known. In other words, given any two values out of the three, the third can be worked out. And so, values can be entered in any two (out of the three) boxes at the top (and in any order). To do any of that it is not necessary to know what units are being used to measure whatever it is.
However, if required to make comparisons between different prices which are given for different units (like 11.50 per cubic metre and 8.99 per cubic yard) then it is necessary to know just what units are being used for the purchase.
This information is given under 'Comparative Costs per Unit'. Just make sure that, at the top, the entry under 'Cost per unit' is the correct one for the selected 'Units are'. If it is only needed to make comparisons, the 'Quantity' could be entered as '1'. Remember TWO entries are needed.
Values are given to 2 decimal places. This should cover the normal needs of any currency. For instance
et.ceteraThis does mean that a value of less than 0.01 will not be shown. This could be a drawback if it was necessary to get a more accurate 'Comparative cost'. It can be overcome by putting in a 'Cost per unit' that is 100 or 1000 times bigger than it actually is, and then dividing by that (same) amount when considering the values under the heading 'Comparative Costs per Unit'. Remember that the values at the top would also be affected by this change, but it requires a little more thought to make the necessary correction.
There is also an upper limit of 1 billion on the displayed values. This should not be a problem for most people!
Note the symbol for a litre may be 'l' or 'L' (small or capital ell).


text:
EON Reality: Transporting AVR technology into the classroom
Study International | March 14, 2019
An "easy-to-use lesson creation solution for trainers and teachers", the Creator AVR platform by EON Reality turned heads at this year's BETT Asia Expo.AVR, standing for Augmented and Virtual Reality, is a useful knowledge-transfer tool that's revolutionising classroom environments.Hosting two sessions at BETT Asia 2019, EON Reality's education expert states that, "Utilising Creator AVR in the classroom is an effective way to update the pedagogical norms around the world."AVR technology allows educators to teach and students to learn in ways that were never possible in the past. It is proven to be among the most efficient way to instruct a course virtually, regardless of which subjects are at hand." Supporting immersive and experiential learning, Creator AVR lets users utilise existing 3D models and content to build their own lessons from a screen of their choice, supporting them as they import their own materials to develop an entirely personalised course. By mastering the Creator AVR platform, not only will students take the reins on their academic know-how and develop independent thinking skills, they'll also refine their expertise in modern technology and connect to contemporary tech trends.


How Differentials Work
Locking and Torsen
Image courtesy Eaton Automotive Group's Torque Control Products Division
The locking differential is useful for serious off-road vehicles. This type of differential has the same parts as an open differential, but adds an electric, pneumatic or hydraulic mechanism to lock the two output pinions together.
This mechanism is usually activated manually by switch, and when activated, both wheels will spin at the same speed. If one wheel ends up off the ground, the other wheel won't know or care. Both wheels will continue to spin at the same speed as if nothing had changed.
The Torsen differential* is a purely mechanical device; it has no electronics, clutches or viscous fluids.
The Torsen (from Torque Sensing) works as an open differential when the amount of torque going to each wheel is equal. As soon as one wheel starts to lose traction, the difference in torque causes the gears in the Torsen differential to bind together. The design of the gears in the differential determines the torque bias ratio. For instance, if a particular Torsen differential is designed with a 5:1 bias ratio, it is capable of applying up to five times more torque to the wheel that has good traction.
These devices are often used in high-performance all-wheel-drive vehicles. Like the viscous coupling, they are often used to transfer power between the front and rear wheels. In this application, the Torsen is superior to the viscous coupling because it transfers torque to the stable wheels before the actual slipping occurs.
However, if one set of wheels loses traction completely, the Torsen differential will be unable to supply any torque to the other set of wheels. The bias ratio determines how much torque can be transferred, and five times zero is zero.
*TORSEN is a registered trademark of Zexel Torsen, Inc.
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text:
IRT and GPR techniques for moisture detection and characterisation in buildings
UNIVERSAL IDENTIFIER: _URL_
EDITED VERSION: _URL_
UNESCO SUBJECT: 3305.22 Metrología de la Edificación ; 3305.06 Ingeniería Civil
DOCUMENT TYPE: article
The integrity, comfort, and energy demand of a building can be negatively affected by the presence of moisture in its walls. Therefore, it is essential to identify and characterise this building pathology with the most appropriate technologies to perform the required prevention and maintenance tasks. This paper proposes the joint application of InfraRed Thermography (IRT) and Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) for the detection and classification of moisture in interior walls of a building according to its severity level. The IRT method is based on the study of the temperature distribution of the thermal images acquired without an application of artificial thermal excitation for the detection of superficial moisture (less than 15 mm deep in plaster with passive IRT). Additionally, in order to characterise the level of moisture severity, the Evaporative Thermal Index (ETI) was obtained for each of the moisture areas. As for GPR, with measuring capacity from 10 mm up to 30 cm depth with a 2300 MHz antenna, several algorithms were developed based on the amplitude and spectrum of the received signals for the detection and classification of moisture through the inner layers of the wall. In this work, the complementarity of both methods has proven to be an effective approach to investigate both superficial and internal moisture and their severity. Specifically, IRT allowed estimating superficial water movement, whereas GPR allowed detecting points of internal water accumulation. Thus, through the combination of both techniques, it was possible to provide an interpretation of the water displacement from the exterior surface to the interior surface of the wall, and to give a relative depth of water inside the wall. Therefore, it was concluded that more information and greater reliability can be gained by using complementary IRT-GPR, showing the benefits of combining both techniques in the building sector.
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text:
Tool Wear in High-Speed Milling of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy
Titanium alloys are widely used in the aerospace industry for applications requiring high strength at elevated temperature and high mechanical resistance. However, titanium alloys are classified as extremely difficult-to-cut materials owing to their physical, chemical, and mechanical properties, which result in the low material removal rate and the short tool life. This paper presents an experimental research of the tool wear patterns and relevant wear mechanisms during high-speed milling of Ti-6Al-4V with cemented carbide inserts. SEM-EDX analysis showed that nose wear and edge wear were the main tool failure modes during high-speed milling process, which were different from the wear patterns under traditional cutting conditions. Adhesion, attrition and diffusion wear mechanisms, as well as the cracks were responsible for the tool wear.
Yingxue Yao, Xipeng Xu and Dunwen Zuo
S. Zhang et al., "Tool Wear in High-Speed Milling of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy", Key Engineering Materials, Vols. 375-376, pp. 435-439, 2008


New Testament
Symbolism and Symbolic Meanings
What does a black horse symbolize in the bible?
Top Answer
User Avatar
Wiki User
Answered 2012-09-19 13:44:01
It represents 'Famine' and Matthew 24:7 is Jesus' parallel of Revelation 6:
Revelation 6:5-6New King James Version (NKJV) Third Seal: Scarcity on Earth5 When He opened the third seal, I heard the third living creature say, "Come and see." So I looked, and behold, a black horse, and he who sat on it had a pair of scales in his hand.6 And I heard a voice in the midst of the four living creatures saying, "A quart[a] of wheat for a denarius,[b] and three quarts of barley for a denarius; and do not harm the oil and the wine."Footnotes:
 1. Revelation 6:6 Greek choinix; that is, approximately one quart
 2. Revelation 6:6 This was approximately one day's wage for a worker.
Matthew 24:7New King James Version (NKJV)
7 For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. And there will be famines, pestilences,[a]and earthquakes in various places.Footnotes:
 1. Matthew 24:7 NU-Text omits pestilences.
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Related Questions
What does a black horse symbolize?
In the Bible a black horse symbolizes famine
What does the color black symbolize in the Bible?
Usually sin or evil.
What does a sea horse symbolize?
There are a number of things a sea horse could symbolize. A sea horse could symbolize peace or fragility for example.
What is the meaning of the black horse in the book of Revelations?
In the book of Revelations, the black horse is generally understood to represent famine. In later years, and in different contexts, a black horse has also been known to symbolize suffering and death.
What does The Bible symbolize?
the bible symbilizes the religion of christianity
What did salvia symbolize in the Bible?
In the bible it states that salvia is limbo
What do clouds symbolize in the Bible?
in bible cloud means peace
What does a horse rider symbolize?
What does the hair symbolize in the bible?
What do black cats symbolize?
In some cultures black cats can symbolize good luck. However, in many cultures, a black cat can symbolize bad luck.
What does a horse shoe symbolize?
good luck!
What does Jesus riding a horse symbolize?
What did Jesus riding a horse symbolize?
He never rode a horse. He rode a donkey.
What is the symbolize of white horse alih?
The white horse symbolizes beauty and purity. Seeing one can symbolize good luck and this is considered a rare event.
What does the number 80 symbolize in the Bible?
What does rain symbolize in the Bible?
Alot of times rain symbolizes blessings in the Bible.
What do the color purple in the Bible symbolize?
The color purple in the Bible represents ROYALTY!
What does a black swan tattoo symbolize?
A black swan tattoo can symbolize man different things. It could symbolize that the owner of it is peaceful and graceful. Swans are mainly known to symbolize grace.
How would you describe black beauty the horse?
A black horse.
What does the horse symbolize?
the horse symbolizesPowerGraceBeautyNobilityStrengthFreedom
What does a deer symbolize?
In the bible, a deer is the symbolization of a saint.
What does a serpent symbolize?
In the bible it represents wisdom and evil.
What does red symbolize in the bible?
It symbolizes Jesus speaking.
What does the night of the ants symbolize in Poisonwood Bible?
What does color black represent in the Bible?
Black usually signifies negative events in human life - evil, terror, disease, famine and death. Consider the 'black horse' in Revelation.
Still have questions?


Ask a Paleontologist: How Did Dinosaurs Reproduce?
On Exhibit posts
How did dinosaurs reproduce? The Central Asiatic Expeditions, led by the Museum's Roy Chapman Andrews and Walter Granger, discovered some of the earliest, well-preserved dinosaur eggs in Mongolia during the 1920s. The oval-shaped eggs, about 20 cm long, were thought to belong to the most commonly found dinosaur at the Flaming Cliffs, Protoceratops.
However, Museum expeditions in the 1990s discovered identical eggs, one of which contained the embryo of an Oviraptor-like dinosaur, which altered our view of which dinosaur laid these eggs.
Oviraptor fossil with eggs
Oviraptor fossil with eggs
© AMNH/D. Finnin
Also, skeletons of Oviraptor were discovered squatting on top of clusters of eggs, with their arms folded back against their body, just like many living birds brood on their nests.


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Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST) is studying a system to support the diagnosis of liver cancer using AI to analyse ultrasound images and interpret gene data. AI can be utilised to detect the early signs of liver cancer Associate Professor Vu Duy Hai, director of the Center for Biomedical Electronics of HUST, at the AI4VN conference taking place on August 15, said the centre is studying a system to support the diagnosis of liver cancer based on Big Data on ultrasound imaging and gene interpretation. The research applying AI technology to diagnose liver cancer has been carried out since 2018 and will be fed ultrasound imaging data of 10,000 primary liver cancer patients. These images are collected from central and local hospitals of all ecological regions throughout the country. Of these, 200 patient records will be used to sequence genes to improve the accuracy of diagnosis. After being transferred to the research centre, medical records from hospitals are standardised and labelled before storage. So far, the group has collected more than 6,000 ultrasound images. After that, HUST will develop the tool to diagnose the early stages of primary liver cancer which can run on many devices like computers… Read full this story
- Drinking coffee could reduce your chance of developing liver cancer by 50 per cent, new research suggests
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text:
Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
Gold-plating is a term relating to European Union law, used particularly in the UK.
Gold-plating refers to the practise of national bodies exceeding the terms of European Community directives when implementing them into national law. In the United Kingdom business lobbyists argue that the government and its agencies often tag additional measures on to the back of European Directives which place UK business at a competitive disadvantage in relation to other EU states where directives are implemented more literally.
In Italy, gold-plating has often been used a device to pass through controversial measures and ensuring a lower degree of parliamentary scrutiny, particularly in periods of weak governments.
EU governments committed themselves to a deregulation agenda at the Lisbon Summit in 2000, and as a consequence the European Commission has supported more maximum harmonisation measures in recent years, which effectively prohibit gold-plating.
The contents of this article is licensed from _URL_ under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details


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The intention of this article is to show how CloudVision Portal can be used to deploy L3 EVPN instances on one switch, or many switches, using a CloudVision Portal configlet builder.
A complete demonstration of how CloudVision Portal is used to deploy an EVPN instance and EVPN fabric can be found here
The configlet builder example provided on the GitHub Arista repo covers L3 EVPN deployments using physical interfaces as SVI as CE facing interface. The configlet builder example can be used on top of any EVPN underlay and overlay. Below is a step by step procedure which describes how to import and use the configlet builder in CloudVision Portal.
1. Download the configlet builder example at Arista GutHub repo: L3 EVPN configlet builder
2. Import the configlet builder in CloudVision Portal through going to "configlets" and use the import option
3. In order to use the configlet builder: goto a container that has EVPN underlay and overlay configured leaf switches. Or select a single switch that has an EVPN underlay and overlay configured.
4. Use the "Manage Configlet" option for the container or device
5. Fill out the information for the particular provisioning needed to be done
6. Click "Generate" and perform needed validations and save in the "Network Provisioning" view so that tasks are created
7. Execute tasks or use "Change Ctrl" to execute tasks with snapshots and rollback options
The EVPN instance is now deployed.


text:
Home News & Status Mission Overview MARCI
Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer (PMIRR)
The PMIRR instrument being placed
on top of the Mars Climate Orbiter spacecraft
Multispectral limb and nadir scanning atmospheric sounder Provides vertical profiles of atmos. temp, dust, water vapor & clouds, quantifies surface radiative balance Radiator door deployed upon achieving mapping orbit Nominal FOV (Field of View) includes aft limb. Can also view out of spacecraft orbit plane Vertical resolution = 5 km
PMIRR is a nine-channel limb and nadir scanning atmospheric sounder designed to vertically profile atmospheric temperature, dust, water vapor and condensate clouds and to quantify surface radiative balance. PMIRR observes in a broadband visible channel, calibrated by observations of a solar target mounted on the instrument, and in eight spectral intervals between 6 and 50 µm in the thermal infrared. High spectral discrimination in the 6.7 µm water vapor band and in two parts of the 15 µm carbon dioxide bands is achieved by employing pressure (density) modulation cells in front of selected spectral detectors. Adequate signal-to-noise in these channels is ensured through the placement of their detectors on a cold focal plane assembly cooled to 80 K by a passive radiative cooler. The PMIRR Principal Investigator is Dr. Daniel McCleese (JPL/Caltech); Vasily Moroz (IKI/Russia) is Joint Principal Investigator.
PMIRR science observations will commence only after the PMIRR radiator door is fully opened. Once PMIRR is deployed in the mapping orbit, vertical profiles of atmospheric properties are constructed from observations in three fields-of-view (FOV) stepped across the limb and onto the planet using a two-axis scan mirror in front of the primary telescope. Nominally, PMIRR views the aft limb, referenced to the spacecraft, except for the polar regions where it routinely views in and out of the plane of the spacecraft track to quantify the polar surface albedo by observing much of the bi-direction reflectance distribution function. PMIRR can also view to the side limb, acquiring observations characterized by different local times. PMIRR's vertical resolution is 5 km.
Home Mars Climate Orbiter Mars Polar Lander Deep Space 2 Microprobes Welcome Mailing List Links Credits
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Maritime cultures are intensely practical and very often highly spiritual or superstitious. To live near the sea is to welcome her bounty and be awed by her power. Those in maritime communities learn the methods of mastering this vast resource to the extent that is possible while developing a healthy respect for the wild unpredictability of the world's waters and marine life. Maritime traditions reflect the tangible and intangible dimensions of the nautical life and encompass hard skills such as boat-building, fishing, salt harvesting as well as nuanced and mystical rituals, ceremonies and festivals.
People are Culture


Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and his Theory of Colours
Goethe's symmetric colour wheel
Goethe's symmetric colour wheel with associated symbolic qualities
On August 28, 1749, famous German writer and statesman Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was born. Besides his merrits in literature, poetry, and philosophy, that we already did acknowledge in previous articles, Goethe was also interested in natural sciences. He independently discovered the human intermaxillary bone in 1784, was one of the many precursors in the history of evolutionary thought, popularized the Goethe barometer using a principle established by Torricelli, and published his Theory of Colours in 1810, which he considered his most important work. In his Theory of Colours, Goethe was vehemently opposed to Newton's analytic treatment of color, but nevertheless his theory failed.
By the time Johann Wolfgang von Goethe developed his interest in natural sciences, Isaac Newton's color theory was already generally acknowledged. However, as Goethe later wrote
… as I looked at a white wall through the prism, that it stayed white! That only where it came upon some darkened area, it showed some colour, then at last, around the window sill all the colours shone… It didn't take long before I knew here was something significant about colour to be brought forth, and I spoke as through an instinct out loud, that the Newtonian teachings were false." [7]
With this starting point, Goethe developed his "theory" while at the same time refraining from setting up a theory, as he put it "its intention is to portray rather than explain". Goethe proceded to develop a wide range of interrogations through which he would reveal the essential character of color. As it was later explained by David Seamon, "the crux of [Goethe's] color theory is its experiential source: rather than impose theoretical statements, Goethe sought to allow light and color to be displayed in an ordered series of experiments that readers could experience for themselves". In his essayThe experiment as mediator between subject and object' from 1772Goethe outlined his method and put an emphasis on his standpoint:
The human being himself, to the extent that he makes sound use of his senses, is the most exact physical apparatus that can exist."
Light spectrum, from Theory of Colours. Goethe observed that with a prism, colour arises at light-dark edges, and the spectrum occurs where these coloured edges overlap.
Light spectrum, from Theory of Colours. Goethe observed that with a prism, colour arises at light-dark edges, and the spectrum occurs where these coloured edges overlap.
In concerns of light and dark, Goethe understood darkness as polar to and interacting with light and color as the result of the interaction of light and shadow. Goethe performed experiments which examined the effects of turbid media like air, dust and moisture on the perception of light and dark. He made the observation that light seen through a turbid medium appears yellow, and darkness seen through an illuminated medium appears blue.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe also proposed a symmetric color wheel and put emphasis on the importance of magenta, in contrast to Newton, who counted only spectral colors as fundamental. In his color wheel, Goethe also included several aesthetic qualities titled as "allegorical, symbolic, mystic use of colour". Goethe apparently associated red with 'beautiful', green with 'useful', violet with 'unnecessary' and blue with 'common'.
The first edition of Goethe's Color Theory was printed in 1810 and contained three sections: a didactic section in which Goethe presents his own observations, a section in which he makes his case against Newton, and a historical section. Right from the start, the book was controversially discussed and when it was translated by Charles Eastlake into English in 1840, he left out the part were Goethe made his case against Newton. Goethe's experiments probe the complexities of human colour perception. While Newton sought to develop a mathematical model for the behaviour of light, Goethe focused on exploring how colour is perceived in a wide array of conditions. Edwin Land's retinex theory from 1971 show many similarities to Goethe's theory.
At yovisto academic search engine you can learn more in a lecture about 'Colour' by Professor William Ayliffe at Gresham College.
References and Further Reading:
2 comments
 - Thanks Tabea, for a well written introduction outlining a brief context in history of Goethe's work on Colour as well as its general place within the natural sciences. Your article receives the TheoryOfColor.org stamp of approval!
 Reply
 - Isaac Newton's Scam Spectrum – Several ways to make it observable and how they disprove his colour theory
 R.S.W.Bobbette 2018
 The repeatedly observable fact is that colours generated in and through prisms never originate from a "rainbow spectrum", but always from pairs of variably separated bands of colours related to relative dark-light contrasts. These bands are about equal in overall width, with the central stripe of each less distinct than the outer two. Initially, no green colour occurs nor any spectrum. The appearance of a "rainbow spectrum" is a secondary effect, a parlour trick that can be accomplished in several instructive ways.
 The first method is the one used by Newton to put over his farcical, but mathematically accessible, idea of colour production. Of course, the method of the scam in this case is to reduce the body of white light to where the otherwise and actually separate colour bands slightly overlap or intersect to produce green. This is the basic principle of all forms of the scam. This first method allows a portable result, the narrow beam of light, to avoid the embarrassing drawing together of the two pre-existing colour bands, where the colours actually originate. The fact that the colour bands arise separated by variable distances (i.e. refractive angles) means that the blue colour is not the "other half" of the same light that is behind the red band. This is only implied by the scam spectrum. The scam spectrum also hides, or makes hard to discriminate, that the purple and violet stripes of the blue colour band are actually projected or illuminated in front of relative darkness, from the side; the complete red colour band is clearly seen to be shone through from behind. These three facts do not readily suggest a uniform approach along any lines put forward by Newton, etc. The "rainbow spectrum" is not created by one unified beam of light being split into colours, but from two diametrically opposite, separate beams of already coloured light being brought together by reducing what separates them to where they combine to create the otherwise non-existent green colour. An equally applied "differential refraction" is not an option.
 This first example has the light going through the prism and the colours being observed on a surface. It is also possible to create the scam by observing the colour bands directly through the prism. If you look at a bright window, through a prism, you will notice the colour bands on either side of the window, along the line of refraction. Now we can see the reason for a concept like refraction, when we twist the prism back and forth and see the dramatic narrowing and broadening of the light image of the window. This measurable phenomenon is the basis of refraction, and therefore of differential refraction, and it is this that allows us to produce a second version of Newton's Scam Spectrum. If you twist the prism far enough, you reduce the light of the window to where – voila! – you have the "rainbow spectrum", down the line of refraction.
 But there are some problems here. No matter how you broaden or shrink the window image, the colour bands remain unaltered to any visible extent. This at least suggests that they occur after the light is bent. They merely move and follow the light-dark contrast line. When brought together, both bands move towards the narrow angle of the prism, but the red one moves much more quickly and "catches up" with the blue. They remain unaltered until reaching the scam spectrum, when they begin to overlap or intersect, with the yellow and blue stripes changing to green, until they merge and are replaced by one green stripe. Only now do the colour bands begin to shrink, but not equally. Orange and purple disappear first, with red, green and violet disappearing together as the light is choked off.
 Furthermore, the colour bands have the ability to move in two different directions, or at different speeds, within themselves. Let me explain. There is a small shelf edge projecting into the window view, and this shows the identical red band as the side of the window, but much shorter and projected about one and a half band widths into the window. Now as you tilt the prism to shrink the window, this shelf projection shrinks in accord with refraction, until about three colour band widths from the blue band, it disappears into the overall edge. But throughout this entire span, the small colour band has been following the shrinking shelf, moving backwards into the main edge colour band while the whole moves forward. No "differential refraction" can accommodate these appearances, disappearances and movements.
 Prisms certainly should be accorded much more honest, interested study. Another way of producing Newton's Scam Spectrum requires a bit of set-up but is, I think, worth the interesting results.
 Take flat black and flat white paint, mix equally to paint grey a pole 2 inches wide and 5 feet high. Paint a piece of cardboard 2×5 feet flat black and a piece 2×3 feet flat white (it's relative dimensions and not actual measurements that matter). Stand the grey pole in front of the black board in bright light, and look at it through the prism. You will see


Episode 111: Motorcycle Flip
Air Date: October 29, 2008
Throwing a wooden pole into the spokes of a motorbike's front wheel will cause it to flip. (Based on a scene in the movie Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade.)
The Mythbusters first obtained a bike similar to the type used during filming of Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. They built a mechanized rig that could fire a pole at human-like speeds. During a full-scale test with the bike moving at a speed of 40 miles per hour, the bike snapped the wooden pole without stopping, busting the myth. Undeterred, The MythBusters decided to redo the test with a steel pole. Although the steel pole did stop the bike, it skidded instead of flipping, definitively busting the myth. The team analyzed the movie scene and discovered that explosives were used to flip the bike. They then built a mortar and used it to flip the bike in an elaborate recreation of the movie scene.
While escaping prison, you could climb down a wall using a rope made of toilet paper.
To compensate for toilet paper's low tensile strength, Tory twisted it into multiple yarns to create rope. After creating the rope, Tory found that it was strong enough to support his weight. During a test climbing down a courthouse, Tory had difficulty keeping a firm grip on the rope. Nonetheless, the Build Team declared the myth plausible.
While escaping prison, you could climb down a wall using a rope made of bedsheets.
Grant found that making his bedsheet rope was very easy and quick in comparison to the toilet paper and hair ropes. During the test, the rope held Grant's weight and he successfully descended to the ground.
While escaping prison, you could climb down a wall using a rope made of hair.
In order to make a rope, Kari braided numerous ponytails together, with some difficulty. Despite initial doubts, she managed to successfully climb down the hair rope. The Build Team declared this myth plausible since getting the necessary amount of hair to create a rope would be extremely impractical.
 1. Richard Landgraff says:
 If you slow the Indiana Jones movie down, you will see he is pushing the tapered and pointed BROKEN end of the pole through the spokes. Much more plausible than the squared ends the Mythbusters tried.
 - MSpears says:
 It makes no difference, Richard. The point is, the bike would have skidded, not flipped. THAT was what they were testing.
 Maybe if the myth was "Is it easier to push a pole with a tapered end through the spokes of a moving motorcycle wheel", THEN it would make a difference.
 - Dstephens80 says:
 My issue with the bike flip is that they changed the front wheel to make it stronger. Seems to me if they used a regular wheel the flag pole would have broke the spokes causing the wheel to collapse which would have buried the front fork into the ground causing an immediate stop with no chance to skid potentially causing the flip they were seeking, minus the explosive dust ball of course.
 2. Adriana Castiglioni says:
 can you make mt. dew glow in the dark????????????
 3. Richard Akers says:
 I am just wondering why a tapered, pointed, broken end would make a difference on how the bike reacted to having something shoved through the spokes. I have spent quite a bit of time on a motor cycle, and have accidentally locked up the front brakes more than once. same result every time. Front tire slides. no flip.
 4. Alan Barbato Sr. says:
 hey i have a holiday myth for ya. i heard that a turkey will burst/explode if you deepfry it before you defrost it!?! happy holidays to all at mythbusters me and my family love to watch you all.
 ps. adam watch those eyebrows!! lol!
 5. nadine says:
 hey can you die from brainfreeze?????? not just one but like 40 or 80 brainfreeze??????????????????????????????????????
 much love
 - MSpears says:
 No, because brainfreeze isn't actually caused by your BRAIN getting cold, it's caused by overstimulation of the vagus nerves at the back of the throat.
 6. Zac says:
 How High Do You Have To Be To Injure Yourself While Attempting To Jump Into Water Because One Of My Friends Said Someguy Died Parashooting Off A plane And Landing Body First Into To Water.
 Also Mythbusters Is My Favourtie Show So When U Need A Kid To Spice Things Up Email Me!!! =]
 7. Ryan Lee says:
 i think you guys might need to do the motorcycle one again because each time i see the rod go inside, the motorcycle has already tipped over a bit. and if you guys are going to do it again, try using training wheel to keep it up straight
 8. Troy says:
 I have seen a motor cycle flip, when a stick had gotten it to the front spokes. In this situation it was on dirt and most of the spokes had broken, the front forks dug in to the ground and caused the bike and rider to flip end over end. It really did not go airborne as in the movie. In the situation the Mythbusters set up there was no way the bike would have flipped. Especially with the steel wheel Jamie made, the forks could not dig in like the situation I had see or would they on tarmac.
 - Bryce says:
 The key is when Adam says that if the wheel comes to a sudden stop from the flag pole being shoved through it the bike will keep its forward momentum and skid, but if they'd had kept the original spoked wheels it wouldn't come to an abrupt stop, but slow down very quickly, producing the same effect as slamming on the front brakes which can flip a bike forwards, I've done it on a four wheeler.
 - Bob says:
 I absolutely agree with your assessment. The test was invalidated and doomed to failure the moment Jamie built the unbreakable wheel. I know what it feels like to have a front wheel collapse and do a heady over the handle bars with the wheel collapsed. Not as explosive as the Jones movie special effects but bad enough. They really screwed up on this one.
 - Steve says:
 Thank You Bryce and Bob!!! Changing the wheel changed everything. It also didn't help that they tied a dummy from its back to the back of the motorcycle, thus changing the how the force would be distributed by the rider. Of course, that assumes that the dummy weighed anything close to a real person. I've been riding motorcycles since I was 9 and I'm 51. All anyone has to do is watch bikers performing rear "wheelie" acrobatics to know that a bike can flip from the front wheel stopping abruptly. But I also agree that it wouldn't get airborne like in the movie.
 - Vic says:
 No way this myth was properly busted. Why? Because motorcycle stunters are capable of doing endos.
 Therefore, some combination of proper modulation of the front brake, and the cg of the deceleration forces of the rider on the bike can cause an effect similar to that of the movie.
 I call for a retest.
 - Jeremy says:
 I have personally flipped a Honda Shadow at 60 mph. The front wheel bearing seized and it was all over. It flipped three times, the first one tossing me forward like a very suprised ragdoll. I was not tied down to the back, the road surface was asphalt, and the tires had about 10,000 miles on them.
 - MSpears says:
 And I bet you learned a very important lesson, too.
 Inertia is PAINFUL. :-D
 9. billy and jorge says:
 in the movie Wanted it shows the you could curve a bullet is it true
 - MSpears says:
 They tested this myth. No, it isn't.
 10. tanner woehl says:
 your show is the best tv show ever i think they should put mythbusters on all the time i liked that one what will stop a speeding bullet in the shortest distance i think that would be CCCCooooooooooooooooLLLLLLL
 11. caleb says:
 i know that it is possible to flip a bike, my dad did it once when he was riding fast and then he put on the front brakes instead of the back brakes. Although, it was a normal bike not a motor bike.
 12. Tamdhy says:
 Please help me!!! I'm searching for the episode in which the boys test out a viral video that shows a toilet being exploded. I don't remember what they used on the video, but Jamie and Adam tested it using sodium and eventually potassium. It took a lot to actually make the toilet break apart. Can you identify which season and episode for me?
 13. D Two says:
 could an airplain drop the twin tower? and how? make a show on that, that would get u guys some good ratings!
 14. Parmanand Persaud says:
 Hello Mythbusters, I love your shows and I watch them all the time. I have an experiment that I would like to do with you guys. I am talking about going " GREEN" to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by 2% if this experiment is a success. The two main items are "WATER AND CARBON DIOXIDE. We know gas can be dissolve in water


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Ultrasound Therapy Systems, Angioplasty
Definition : Ultrasound therapy systems that deliver energy into the vessels to eliminate areas of narrowing (i.e., angioplasty). These systems include a radio-frequency generator (frequency of 20 kHz is typical), ultrasonic transducers, and a catheter. Some systems include a ball-tipped wire that act as an acoustic wave guide, transmitting the energy to the target areas within the artery; other systems use small ultrasonic transducers on the distal tip of a catheter that are excited to produce the ultrasonic waves. Ultrasound angioplasty systems are mostly used in total occlusion and calcified plaques and to facilitate balloon angioplasty.
Entry Terms : "Direct Ablation Angioplasty Systems"
UMDC code : 18824


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Greater Boston is no longer one of the country's 10 largest metro areas. How did that happen?
Census reports metro Phoenix overtook Boston in population
A view of Boston's Back Bay skyline from a Brookline rooftop.
A view of Boston's Back Bay skyline from a Brookline rooftop.Lane Turner/Globe Staff
Forget the suddenly mediocre football team in Foxborough. Or the latest failed bid for the White House by a Massachusetts pol.
The region has quietly suffered an even bigger dent to its standing. For the first time in decades, if not all of US history, Greater Boston has lost its perch among the top 10 largest US metro areas. Knocked aside by the booming Phoenix metro area.
So much for Hub of the Universe.
According to US Census Bureau data released earlier this year, Boston was the 11th largest metro area in 2019 with nearly 4.9 million people living in a region that includes five counties in Eastern Massachusetts and a swath of southeastern New Hampshire. Boston had been the 10th largest metro area in recent years.
While the region's population has grown by 7 percent since 2010, it hasn't kept pace with hotter metro areas, like Phoenix, which grew by 18 percent during the same period.
Experts cite various explanations. The population of the United States has continued to shift south and west in recent decades. That migration saw Massachusetts lose a congressional seat in 2012, while states like Texas and Florida picked up seats.
Greg Slayden, who has created a web site that documents the history of US metro areas by population, said in an e-mail that there has broadly been a "strong movement of population to cities with vibrant economies, favorable climates, and room for expansion," for at least a half-century.
"Boston has a strong economy based on knowledge workers and renowned educational institutions, but the cold winters and hot summers are a minus to many people," Slayden said. "And, as an old city, it is hemmed in by existing suburban jurisdictions with long histories of land-use policies that make it hard to easily build vast new residential or commercial developments, as can be done in, say, Houston or Phoenix."
It's a far cry from 1680, when the City on a Hill was believed to be the largest community in the colonies, a rank it maintained through at least 1740, according to Slayden's site, or 1790, when Boston was the third largest American city, behind New York and Philadelphia.
Boston proper — not counting the suburbs — has fallen even further on the list of larger cities as it failed to expand its borders as aggressively as some other cities. The latest census data show that it ranked 21st in population, behind cities such as Jacksonville, Fla.; Columbus, Ohio; and Indianapolis, which didn't even exist when Boston patriots were fighting the Revolutionary War.
While Boston's metro area has continued to grow, the growth has been slower since 2017. Some of the factors behind the slow-down are typical for places throughout the US, especially in New England: a combination of rising deaths and falling births due to its aging population, said Susan Strate, a senior program manager for the population estimates program at the UMass Donahue Institute in Hadley. But more people also left the state than moved in from other parts of the country, while international immigration has slowed.
If the trend continues, warned Strate, Greater Boston could even see a population decline, something that has not happened since the 1970s, during another period of slow international immigration.
Thomas Vicino, a political science professor at Northeastern University, said while Greater Boston getting bumped from 10th to 11th is a trivial move, the region's ranking does "highlight some challenges that our region faces" and poses an obvious question: Why is the population growing more rapidly elsewhere? The region, he said, continues to wrestle with familiar and longstanding issues: a high cost of living, a shortage of affordable housing, and — at least before the pandemic — terrible traffic.
"These sorts of issues are bread and butter issues for people when they think about where they're going to live," he said.
The three biggest metro areas — New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago — have remained relatively stagnant in terms of growth in the post-World War II era. Nowadays, more growth is seen in the country's Sun Belt in places like Dallas and, yes, Phoenix.
"That's a function of where the jobs are and where people move," he said.
The good news, he said, is that the Massachusetts capital remains economically competitive and attractive to both people and jobs. The region boasts some of the world's most renowned universities and research hospitals, along with one of the country's biggest biotech hubs.
"It's a moment to reflect on what national trends we see and what we do to keep our region competitive in the future," Vicino said.


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Delias joiceyi Talbot 1920
Subspecies and range of Delias joiceyi :
. joiceyi - Buru, Ceram, Ambon islands, Indonesia
Notes on Delias joiceyi :
A very distinct species. The uppersides of both sexes are unique. The male has a bluish grey colouring, and the female has a red band on the forewing, a characteristic not found on any other Delias. It is thought that the female red band is a warning pattern.
The males tend to fly at a lower altitude than the females.
Group nigrina species :


text:
The Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museum offers visitors the opportunity to learn about our country's 40th President. Exhibits include a look at Mr. Reagan's life — from his childhood, to his days as a GE spokesperson, to his acting days, and his time in politics — as the governor of California and then later as our nation's President.
Kids museums los angeles
The Autry Museum celebrates the history, art, and culture of the American West. The Museum is home to a number of permanent exhibits that help visitors get a sense of how things have changed (and remained the same) over the years.


defaultLow is the default, while for compression it's defaultHigh, so we're upping them one level. Now it's much simpler to use (and easy to extrapolate to .horizontal):
label1.setVerticalContentPriorities()
label2.setVerticalContentPriorities(hugging: .required)
]]>
_URL_ TableViews, collectionViews and Swift enums 2016-03-15T12:37 2016-03-15T12:37 Roland Leth _URL_ I talked about how we can have a safer and cleaner tableView/collectionView section handling, but we can improve it even further, with protocol extensions:
protocol Countable {
 var rawValue: Int { get } // 1
 init?(rawValue: Int) // 2
 static var count: Int { get } // 3
}
This is a protocol that mimics an enum that conforms to Int: it has a rawValue of type Int (1), it has an initializer based on said rawValue (2), and it has a static var (3) that will be used to hold the total number of cases. And here's where extensions come into play:
extension Countable {
 static var count: Int {
 var max = 0 // 1
 while let _ = self.init(rawValue: max) { max += 1 } // 2
 return max // 3
 }
}
We start from 0 (1), and, as long we can create a case from the current max, we keep incrementing max by 1 (2). When a case can no longer be created, it means we previously reached the last valid case, so we will return max (3) -- one valid case means 0 + 1 = 1, two mean 0 + 1 + 1 = 2, and so on.
Then, when we create an Int enum, we just have to also conform to Countable, and we'll have the number of cases out of the box:
private enum Section: Int, Countable {
 case products
 case shippingDetails
 case paymentDetails
 case totalValue
 // numberOfSections - we don't need this anymore
}
print(Section.count) // 4
As I mentioned in the previous post, this approach only works for UITableViews and UICollectionViews, but does so perfectly.
]]>
_URL_ Frame debugging on a device 2016-03-11T16:58 2016-03-11T16:58 Roland Leth _URL_ There's this handy feature, Debug -> View Debugging -> Show View Frames, which, if turned on, draws borders around views. The sad part is that it only works on the simulator. But we can (somewhat) easily simulate its behavior.
First, we create a helper method that does the coloring:
func activateFramesDebug() {
 guard debugFrames else { return }
 layer.borderWidth = 1
 layer.borderColor = UIColor(
 hue: CGFloat(arc4random_uniform(100_000)) / 100_000,
 saturation: CGFloat(arc4random_uniform(100_000)) / 100_000,
 brightness: 0.5 + CGFloat(arc4random_uniform(50)) / 100,
 alpha: 1.0).CGColor
}
Then, we override drawRect / layoutSubviews, depending on the extension:
// Easy to avoid production slips, easy way to turn on / off.
#if DEBUG && false
let debugFrames = true
extension UILabel { // UIImageView, etc...
 override public func layoutSubviews() {
 super.layoutSubviews()
 activateFramesDebug()

}
extension UIButton { // UITableViewCell, UICollectionViewCell, etc...
 override public func draw(_ rect: CGRect) {
 super.draw(rect)
 activateFramesDebug()
 }

}
#else
let debugFrames = false
#endif
It will not always work perfectly, it's not a perfect solution, but it's better than nothing. I'm also hoping there's an easier / better way to do this, but I don't know where we could hook up in an UIView extension. Let me know @rolandleth if you find a better solution.
]]>
_URL_ Improving git log 2016-03-03T11:17 2016-03-03T11:17 Roland Leth _URL_ We can already use --graph and --decorate to get a pretty, colored commit tree, but we can create a function for less typing, more flexibility and more info:
git_branch() {
 git branch 2> /dev/null | sed -e '/^[^*]/d' -e 's/* \(.*\)/\1/'
}
# Short for git decorated log
gdl() {
 branches=''
 if [ -n "$1" ] && [ -n "$2" ]; then
 branches=$1..$2
 elif [ -n "$1" ]; then
 if [ $1 == "keyword" ]; then
 branches="$(git_branch)"
 else
 branches=$1.."$(git_branch)"
 fi
 else
 branches=master.."$(git_branch)"
 fi
 git log --oneline --graph --decorate $branches
 echo "${blue}Difference: ${green}$(git rev-list --count $branches) commits."
}
This will also print the number of commits between the two branches at the end, and the rules are as follows:
 1. If we pass in two parameters, it will show the differences between the two branches.
 2. If we pass in just one parameter it will either
 - print the current's branch tree, if the parameter is equal to the keyword (make sure it's something unique), or
 - show the differences between the current branch and the one passed in.
 1. If no parameter is passed in, it will show the differences between a fallback branch (in this case master) and the current branch.
The color helpers can be found here.
]]>
_URL_ Working easier with tags 2016-02-27T15:02 2016-02-27T15:02 Roland Leth _URL_ One usual approach is to create an enum, so your tags are more expressive by having a name:
enum ViewTag: Int {
 case none
 case titleLabel
 case loginButton
}
Then tagging and retrieving views by tag will be safer, and easier to remember:
let container = UIView()
let titleLabel = UILabel()
container.addSubview(titleLabel)
titleLabel.tag = ViewTag.titleLabel.rawValue
let loginButton = UIButton(type: .Custom)
container.addSubview(loginButton)
loginButton.tag = ViewTag.loginButton.rawValue
if
 let titleLabel = container.viewWithTag(ViewTag.titleLabel.rawValue) as? UILabel,
 let loginButton = container.viewWithTag(ViewTag.loginButton.rawValue) as? UIButton {
 // Do stuff.
}
This is already much better than triple checking that the titleLabel's tag really is 1 and not 2, but what if we can go a step further and improve this, by extending UIView?
extension UIView {
 func tag(with value: ViewTag) {
 tag = value.rawValue
 }
 func viewWithTag(_ tag: ViewTag) -> UIView? {
 return viewWithTag(tag.rawValue)
 }
 // Speaking of Swifty, we could also change the above in:
 func view(tagged tag: ViewTag) -> UIView? {
 return viewWithTag(tag.rawValue)
 }
}
So all of our code can be shorter, cleaner and prettier:
let titleLabel = UILabel()
view.addSubview(titleLabel)
titleLabel.tag(with: .titleLabel)
let loginButton = UIButton(type: .Custom)
view.addSubview(loginButton)
loginButton.tag(with: .loginLabel)
[...] // somewhere else
if
 let titleLabel = view.viewWithTag(.titleLabel) as? UILabel,
 let loginButton = view.view(tagged: .loginButton) as? UIButton {
 // Do stuff.
}
]]>
_URL_ Creating a theme helper 2016-02-21T22:43 2016-02-21T22:43 Roland Leth _URL_ The standard approach for this would be something like this:
struct Theme {
 enum Color {
 case title
 case subtitle
 // [..


text:
Jennifer G. Jones
Portraits of Influence
A Museum of Art exhibit examines the art of the Weir family, which expanded the traditions of American art.
BYU opera students responded to their first invite to compete in a National competition by taking it all.
Law and Lunches
BYU law professor RonNell Andersen Jones passes on to her students lessons she learned at the Supreme Court.
Come summer, swim coach Tim Powers will have seen 17 of his Cougars compete in the Olympics.


text:
Unraveling Online Behavior: Understanding Why Some Players Are Mean on Minecraft Servers
Minecraft, a game celebrated for its creativity and community, brings together players from all walks of life to collaborate and share in the virtual realm. However, in this interconnected world, encounters with mean-spirited players can be disheartening. In this article, we will delve into the complex realm of online behavior on Minecraft servers and seek to understand the reasons behind some players' mean actions.
Anonymity and Disinhibition:
One factor that influences online behavior is the sense of anonymity. Players often feel shielded by the virtual veil, which may lead to disinhibition. This reduced accountability can cause some to act in ways they wouldn't in face-to-face interactions, leading to mean-spirited behavior.
Competitiveness and Ego:
Minecraft servers can foster a competitive environment, especially in PvP-oriented realms. Some players may become consumed by the desire to win, leading to aggressive and negative behavior as they seek to assert their dominance.
Griefing and Trolling:
Griefing, or intentionally disrupting others' gameplay, and trolling, where players provoke reactions for their amusement, are unfortunately present in online gaming communities. Minecraft servers are not immune to such behavior, and it can contribute to a negative atmosphere.
Cultural and Age Differences:
Minecraft attracts a diverse player base, encompassing individuals from various cultures and age groups. These differences in values, communication styles, and maturity levels can sometimes result in misunderstandings and conflicts, leading to mean interactions.
In an online setting, some players may emulate the behavior of others, especially if they observe mean-spirited actions going unchecked. This copycat behavior can perpetuate a cycle of negativity on the server.
For some players, online gaming serves as an escape or emotional outlet. They might channel their frustrations or stress into the game, inadvertently expressing negativity through mean actions.
Lack of Consequences:
The perception of lenient consequences for mean behavior on some servers can embolden individuals to act unkindly. Addressing this issue requires robust moderation and enforcement of community guidelines.
Unraveling online behavior on Minecraft servers reveals a complex web of factors that influence why some players exhibit mean-spirited actions. Anonymity, competitiveness, cultural differences, and a lack of consequences all play a role in shaping online interactions. However, it's crucial to remember that the vast majority of Minecraft players engage in positive and collaborative experiences.
So, as we continue to build and explore in the Minecraft universe, let us strive to foster an inclusive and respectful community. By understanding the factors that contribute to mean behavior, we can work towards creating a more welcoming and enjoyable environment for all players. Empathy, understanding, and clear community guidelines can pave the way for a virtual realm that showcases the best of what Minecraft has to offer. Happy crafting and compassionate gaming!


How to Fix Error 3 on under Mac OS X
Got error code 3 issue but still don't know how to fix error 3 on your Mac? This post here will provide a brief instruction about the error and show you how can troubleshoot this problem on your computer system.
Have a well know about your Mac error
Error 3 often comes out and appear on the computer with a notification like "[program name] cannot be operated" or "[program name] quit unexpectedly", and the specific error code number often indicates a particular type of problem on the computer. When you receive error 3 when start up/shut down the computer, or try to launch a program, the error problem will be closely related to the action you are trying to perform on the Mac.
Possible causes and of error 3
Firstly all of all, let's figure out what may cause this error issue on the computer. As we all known that the Mac computer is a kind of remarkably stable machine that people can get a better using experience with it, even though, problems and errors do happen on the device, which usually lead the Mac user have no idea to resolve. In this case, in order to fix error 3, you should firstly get know about the common or possible reasons of the error problem on the Mac. As for error 3 issue, here are some common causes of this problem:
 - Problems of preferences files
 - Kernel Panic issues
 - Full usage of start-up disk or hard disk
 - Installed application issue
Realize the general consequences after getting such an error
Why people often feel worry about the error and want to fix error 3 as quickly as possible on the Mac? This is because the error problem will cause many unexpected problems and issues on the computer, such as:
 - Annoying error notification constantly display on the computer
 - Always encounter a problem when start up or shut down the computer system
 - Computer freezes, crash issues frequently occur on the Mac
 - Several applications and system features cannot perform as usual on the PC
 - More and more error problems happen on the computer
If this error issue stay on the Mac for a long time and still cannot be resolved, you will find more and more troubles and problems when using the computer. So you should take the following instant measures to get rid of the error issue on your PC.
How can troubleshoot and fix error 3 well on Mac
Uninstall the program which cause the error
Program installation often has a particular requirement for the operation system, when a program is installed on an OS which actually does not support this specific program, errors will be triggered when you install the application. What's more, a corrupted program issue will also cause the operating error on the Mac. If you get the error 3 with such a program problem, in order to fix error 3 well, please firstly go to uninstall the app thoroughly on your PC, and then you can consider to reinstall it if the app is supported to use on your OS X.
Clean associated preferences files
Preference is a type of file on the Mac that store the rules or parameters which aims at telling the applications about how they should work on the device. Corrupted or overloaded preferences files on the Mac computer can easily cause the computer itself or some other applications cannot operate effectively and normally, and the error 3 will thus be triggered and trouble you.
Many common Mac users would choose to uninstall a program via the Trash, but this program removal method generally cause many preferences files of the program cannot be cleaned well on the Mac. In this case, useless files will accumulate in the Library, and cause many issues and problems on the computer. So, preference file issue is a very general issue with the error 3, to fix error 3 in this case, you should clean the associated preferences files, and restart the related program or feature to see if it can behave normally.
 1. Click on Go on the top menu, select "Go to Folder..."
 2. Type "/Library/" in the box, and press the Return key
 3. Open Preferences folder in the Library, and locate the preferences related to the problematic app, and then select to remove them to the Trash
 4. Restart the application and check whether it can operate smoothly without error 3
Disable useless start-up items
Programs listed on the start-up items are all the applications that will launch automatically when booting up the system, invalid or useless start-up items on the list will cause the OS X cannot help you to activate the associated programs with success, so the error code will display to report this problem on the PC. In order to fix error 3 with this problem, it is necessary to do a check for the list of log-in items, and delete the ones which haven't been used in currently, and it is also suggested to disable the ones which don't need to be launch automatically on Mac.
Tips can manually disable start-up item on Mac
 1. Click on the Apple icon at the top left corner, select System Preferences on the sub-menu
 2. Go open the Users & Groups pane, you will see a list of apps which will start-up automatically when you start your Mac
 3. Select an item you need to remove from the list, and click on the minus sign button.
Clean junk files on the hard disk
Using the computer and surfing online usually creates a lot of junk files, the advanced OS X is also no exception. So it should be a regular work for people to clean up the junk files on Mac, otherwise too much garbage staying on the computer will cause troublesome issue of running the application and system, which including the error 3. So, to fix error 3, it is suggested to check the junk files on your Mac, and clean them completely.
Take a utility to complete this fixing steps automaticall
If you don't want to take too much time to clean and optimize the Mac manually, taking an advanced optimize utility can replace you to to manage the start-up items and clean useless files, and you can finish the above fixing tasks very easily in a short time. More significantly, using such a genuine tool also can help you avoid the manual error on your computer.
MacSavior is an advanced Mac fix tool that allows you to fix the troublesome Mac issues automatically, and optimize the OS X in many aspects, which will be a good choice for you to complete the above manual fix steps quickly and avoid any possible manual error.
How to fix error 3 with other causes like hardware issues?
Mac hardware encountering a problem is a serious issue on the computer but not happen very frequently, if you unfortunately encounter this problem on your Mac, you will get a Kernel Panic, and the computer freeze-up, screen turning gray and other unexpected error like error 3 displaying on the PC. To resolve the hardware issue and stop the associated errors on the computer, you should turn to fix the hardware well. Repairing the hardware on Mac is often a big task for many people, in this case, inviting a professional fixing utility or computer expert will be very needed. Already understand how to fix error 3 well? Why not take immediate actions now to troubleshoot it on your computer?
Leave your comment


text:
Follow CBSPHILLY Facebook | Twitter
VOORHEES, N.J. (CBS) — Two more children have tested positive for the adenovirus at the Voorhees Pediatric Facility, confirms the County Department of Health and Human Services.
The two new cases bring the facility's total to twelve residents who have tested positive for adenovirus.
No deaths have occurred and none of the patients are in critical condition.
The Voorhees Pediatric Facility says it is maintaining enhanced infection control measures, but additional cases may be expected within the facility due to the adenovirus' long incubation and shedding period.
Adenovirus is a respiratory virus which can cause mild or serious illness, though serious illness is less common. Symptoms may include common cold, sore throat, bronchitis, pneumonia, diarrhea, pink eye, fever, bladder inflammation or infection, inflammation of the stomach and intestines and neurological disease.
The facility has stopped all new admissions, until further notice.


text:
|Spreading the word on skimboarding - responsibly|
A group of local Grade 4 students are taking it to the beach! Arrowview Elementary's Garbage Busters Club has turned its focus towards keeping local beaches healthy. Expanding their focus from clean communities, students have designed and created posters to help educate skimboarders about eelgrass and beach conservation.
"One of the things we've learned as part of our nearshore beach study is the huge impact that we have on creatures which live in our beach areas," says student teacher Janet Richards. With help from MVIHES' Michele Deakin, students learned about the eelgrass beds along the beach tide line and how skimboarding over and through this fragile eco habitat can adversely affect animals and plants.
Students brainstormed ideas to educate skimboarders to use the beach responsibly including using non-toxic waxes, placing ramps and structures away from the eelgrass beds, and using barren pools instead of tide lines. A new colourful poster campaign will help spread the word to the thousands of beach users this summer. "The students understand that if we take care of this important resource, it will be there when they get older," says teacher Jodi Waters.
Look for the student posters around Parksville and Qualicum Beach including businesses which support recreational activities along the beach.
This project is part of the nearshore education program offered by MVIHES with the support of the Town of Qualicum Beach, the City of Parksville and Georgia Basin Living Rivers.


will invoke script before the form is submitted. A boolean will be returned to indicate whether the form submission should continue.
 3. Add property successCallback to AjaxActionField. This will be invoked for succesful ajax calls.
 4. Add property errorCallback to AjaxActionField. This will be invoked for failed ajax calls.
 5. Rename 'clientSideJs' to 'actionScript'. This will be used for script only actions (do not invoke the server).
 6. In krad.ajax, do cleanup to have an ajaxSubmitForm and stantard submitForm (browser). Methods to do validation before hand.
 7. Refactoring action parameters to not do script writing of hiddens, but to use new 'data' attributes. For ajax calls the data attributes will be picked up and added to the ajax data. For standard browser submits the data attributes will be picked up and added as hiddens
Improvements to ActionField for Lightbox enhancements
 1. Add property 'displayResponseInLightbox' to display the response contents in a lightbox instead of the current window.
 2. Add property'showLightboxGroup' to display a group that have been configured to display in a lightbox. This would not trigger a server side call.
Improvements for Component Refresh
 1. Add'refreshTimer' property to component base. The value will be a time in seconds that the component will automatically be refreshed.
 2. Add support for refreshing multiple components at a time. Add 'alsoRefreshComponents' property that can be configured with a component that has a refresh condition.
Smarter Ajax Returns
 To support things like the dialog box return, or navigating to other views we need to make our Ajax returns'smarter'. This essentially means when sending back an ajax response, we need to write data that is used by the ajax call to determine how the response should be handled. The handling options needs are:
 - Redirect - Ajax call will perform a browser redirect to a new URL
 - Open in Lightbox - The content being returned should be opened in a lightbox
 - Replace View - Indicates the entire view contents should be replaced
 We might consider having multiple actions that can occur each with a wrapper handler. For example, 'update title' with new title contents, 'update page' with page contents', and even'show lightbox' with lightbox contents.
List any functional or technical work that must be completed before work on this item can begin:
 1. item
List any issues that need to be resolved before work on this item can begin:
 1. item
 2. item
 1. item
 2. item
QA or Regression Testing Plan
List steps needed to test the basic functionality of this update, enhancement, bug fix
 1. Make sure all current and new functionality still works
Functional Analysis Complete? No
Needs Review by KAI? No
Technical Analysis Complete? No
Needs Review by KTI? No
Field/Component Refactorings - 70 hours
Other Component Refactorings - 30 hours
Ajax Improvements (Not including lightbox) - 50 hours
Technical Design: 2.2 Framework Improvements
Jira: KULRICE-6671
Final Documentation: Link Here
 - No labels


text:
All author's publications are listed below.
According to the Gateway Belief Model, scientists and science educators should stress the scientific consensus when engaging with the lay population across a wide variety of mediums, including debates. The purpose of this study, then, was to determine if engaging in such debates does more harm than good in terms of persuading individuals towards accepting the scientific consensus of controversial issues. Participants (N = 208) read a manipulated debate segment altered by the issue discussed as well as the position/title of the skeptic debater. Results indicate that it is possible to influence individuals exposed to these debate segments, but the effects are issue-contingent. Limitations and future research related to science education are discussed.


text:
Development of method for obtaining slow-action fertilizer from alumino-silicate.
Development of method for obtaining slow and extended-action fertilizer from alumino-silicate containing potassium, calcium, magnesium etc and capable of absorbing soluble fertilizers with steep reduction of their losses.
Tech Area / Field
- CHE-IND/Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Process Engineering/Chemistry
- ENV-EHS/Environmental Health and Safety/Environment
8 Project completed
Senior Project Manager
Algiyev S K
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Armenia, Yerevan
- Kazakhstan Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements, NGO, Kazakhstan, Almaty\nArmenian National Agrarian University, Armenia, Yerevan
- UMSOC, USA, MN, Lamberton\nVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA, VA, Blacksburg\nPennsylvania State University / Materials Research Institute, USA, PA, University Park\nAgro Eco Louisb Bolk Institute, The Netherlands, Christman House\nAgricultural University, Bulgaria, Plovdiv
Project summaryThis study will evaluate the physico-chemical bases and development of new technology for obtaining slow and extended-action fertilizer from potassium-containing alumino-silicates containing potassium, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus. It will also study the agrochemical properties and efficiency of the synthesized as well as field demonstration tests are outlined within the framework of this project. As it is known, over 90 per cent of potassium fertilizers produced in the world is potassium chloride, which is due to chemical composition of the basic potassium-containing deposits, as well as by far the cheaper technology being used to obtain the fertilizer.
Disadvantage of potassium chloride is the high content of chloride. Chloride accumulation is harmful both for the soil and for the plants. Chloride reduces general and gustatory qualities of many farm goods. Ecologically, chloride ion, reaching ground water can be considered an environment hazardous element.
Fertilizer, obtained by our method could be used in organic as well as in conventional agricultural systems.
Water-free potassium-containing alumino-silicates, potassium feldspars (orthoclase), nepheline syenites, leucites, synnerites have industrial importance as potassium-containing rocks.
A new, original method has been developed In the Mineral Salts Lab of the Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry (IGIC) of the National Science Academy of the Republic of Armenia to process these rocks to obtain fertilizers where potassium, calcium and magnesium are in plant-available form. Proposed method has been tested on dacite tuffs, containing up to 15.2 per cent K2O. The technology does not require large monetary investments.
Some of the agro-chemical properties of the fertilizers have been studied in the Agrochemical lab of the Armenian National Agrarian University of Armenia (ANAU).
Preliminary investigations showed that potassium, calcium, phosphorous and magnesium become mobile, i.e. turn plant-available while treating the dacite tuffs by our method. The produced fertiliser can be considered a slowly release fertilizer as it dissolves slowly in the soil, thus becoming available and a stable nutrient source preserving its availability up to three years, plus circumventing environmental pollution.
Based on the gained experiences on the synthesis of the similar fertilizers agriculturally tested at the Agrarian University of Armenia and at the Solikamsk pilot station of the Russian Federation, a new method of the obtaining the poorly-soluble potassium fertilizers with salient accessory effects is proposed, such as:
· High absorbing capacity. Thanks to this, the fertilizer absorbs nutrients vs exchange route, including nitrogen, thus greatly reducing nutrients' leaching, which is also important from the ecological point of view;
· High water-absorbance (500% and more). Absorbs both irrigated and ground waters, which later are used by the plants;
· Enhances the accessibility of soil phosphorous and potassium;
· Enhances drought-resistance of the plants promoting land cultivation in arid and non-irrigating soil zones.
· Ties heavy metal ions (Pb, Hg, As, Cr, Sn, etc.) through non-exchange mechanism where these elements don't enter the plant thus making the harvest free of harmful elements.
· Absorbs positive and negative ions which could substitute other ions.
The International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) is an intergovernmental organization connecting scientists from Kazakhstan, Armenia, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Georgia with their peers and research organizations in the EU, Japan, Republic of Korea, Norway and the United States.
ISTC facilitates international science projects and assists the global scientific and business community to source and engage with CIS and Georgian institutes that develop or possess an excellence of scientific know-how.


Stationery is a mass noun referring to commercially manufactured writing materials, including cut paper, envelopes, writing implements, continuous stationery, and other office supplies.[1] Stationery includes materials to be written on by hand (e.g., letter paper) or by equipment such as computer printers. Originally the term stationery referred to all products sold by a stationer, whose name indicated that his book shop was on a fixed spot, usually near a university,[…]