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The following terms and definitions are often associated with and provide a common, working language for ADL's educational anti-bias programs and resources. The definitions are written for older youth to adult reading levels, unless otherwise specified, and some include age-appropriate versions for younger ages.
Ability: Having the mental and/or physical condition to engage in one or more major life activities (e.g., seeing, hearing, speaking, walking, breathing, performing manual tasks, learning or caring for oneself).
Ableism: The marginalization and/or oppression of people who have disabilities, including temporary, developmental, physical, psychiatric and/or intellectual disabilities.
Activist: Someone who gets involved in activities that are meant to achieve political or social change; this also includes being a member of an organization which is working on change.
- Elementary school version: A person who uses or supports actions such as protests to help make changes in politics or society.
Ageism: The marginalization and/or oppression of older people based on the belief that older people are inferior, incapable or irrelevant. Ageism also describes the marginalization and/or oppression of people who are too young to have social independence.
Aggressor: Someone who says or does something harmful or malicious to another person intentionally and unprovoked.
- Elementary school version: Someone who says or does hurtful things to another person on purpose and over and over.
Ally: Someone who speaks out on behalf of or takes actions that are supportive of someone who is targeted by bias or bullying, either themselves or someone else.
- Elementary school version: Someone who helps or stands up for someone who is being bullied or the target of bias.
Anti-Bias: An active commitment to challenge bias within oneself, others and institutions.
Anti-Immigrant Bias: The marginalization and/or oppression of people who are of immigrant origin, transnational or outside the dominant national identity or culture. (Other related terms include xenophobia to describe a fear to anyone or anything that is perceived to be foreign or strange.)
Anti-Muslim Bias: The marginalization and/or oppression of people who are Muslim based on the belief in stereotypes and myths about Muslim people, Islam and countries with predominantly Muslim populations. (Often called Islamophobia to describe a fear of anyone or anything that is perceived to be of Islamic religion or culture. Anti-Muslim bias is supported by racism, anti-immigrant bias and religious bias. People who are not Muslim may be racialized as Muslim and experience prejudice and/or discrimination.)
Antisemitism: The marginalization and/or oppression of people who are Jewish based on the belief in stereotypes and myths about Jewish people, Judaism and Israel.
Anti-Trans Bias: The marginalization and/or oppression of people who are transgender and/or non-binary (identifying as neither a man nor a woman) based on the belief that cisgender (gender identity that corresponds with the sex one was assigned at birth) is the norm. (Often called transphobia to describe a fear of anyone who is perceived to be transgender. Other related, specific terms include cissexism, transmisogyny and binarism.)
Bias: An inclination or preference either for or against an individual or group that interferes with impartial judgment.
- Elementary school version: A preference either for or against an individual or group that affects fair judgment.
Bigotry: An unreasonable or irrational attachment to negative stereotypes and prejudices.
- Elementary school version: Prejudice and/or discrimination against a person or group based on stereotypes.
Bisexual: A person who is emotionally, physically and/or romantically attracted to some people of more than one gender.
Bullying: Repeated actions or threats of action directed toward a person by one or more people who have (or are perceived to have) more power or status than their target in order to cause fear, distress or harm. Bullying can be physical, verbal, psychological or any combination of these three. Bullying behaviors can include name-calling, obscene gesturing, malicious teasing, rumors, slander, social exclusion, damaging a person's belongings, threats and physical violence.
- Elementary school version: When a person or a group behaves in ways—on purpose and over and over—that make someone feel hurt, afraid or embarrassed.
Bystander: Someone who sees bias or bullying happening and does not say or do anything.
All forms of bias can be both explicit (aware, voluntary and intentional) and implicit (unaware, involuntary and unintentional). All manifestations of bias and discrimination can be both personal (an individual act of bias, meanness or exclusion) or systemic (policies and practices supported and sanctioned by power and authority and that benefit some and disadvantages others).
The specific, pervasive systems of oppression and marginalization described in some of these definitions are upheld by institutionalized, cultural and historical ideologies and discrimination. These systems exist simultaneously, compounding the harm to individuals with multiple marginalized identities. Individual acts of prejudice and discrimination are informed by and perpetuate these systems, which exist regardless of individual prejudices and interpersonal acts of bias.


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Studying with dyslexia
Dyslexia is a learning disorder which is common among students and can impact your studies at Leiden University.
The symptoms of dyslexia include difficulties in spelling, reading quickly or reading large amounts of texts. Some students have trouble with understanding the meaning of written text quickly. This means that studying with Dyslexia may require additional time and effort. Many students study successfully and accomplish many things despite their diagnosis. Leiden University has a range of study adjustments available to support you throughout your studies.
Adaptations can be made to the ways in which you follow classes and take exams. Special arrangements and facilities offered by Leiden University for students with dyslexia are:
- Text-to-speech software, that reads your study materials aloud whilst highlighting the text. For this you will need digital versions of your study materials. You can contact Fenestra for both the software and the digital versions.
- Extensions to assignment deadlines
- Alternative assignments
- Additional time for exams (maximum of 30 minutes extra for a three hour exam)
- Examination papers in a larger format
- Taking examinations in a separate room with fewer students
- Having an alternative type of examination
- Use of laptop for examinations
- Alternative study plan with a reduced workload
- Taking personal circumstances into consideration for your BSA (Binding Study Advice)
Make an appointment
To arrange special adaptations for your studies, please make an appointment with Fenestra Disability Centre, Leiden University's information centre for students with a disability.
Exception: additional time for exams
If you only require additional exam time and have an official diagnosis, you can submit a request as follows:
- Make a digital copy of your diagnosis, i.e. a letter issued by a doctor or clinic. This can be either in Dutch or English. If you need to have your diagnosis translated from a different language, mention this when completing the contact form – see next step.
- Complete and submit the contact form (select 'Additional time for exams')
After submitting your request
- Within two weeks, one of our staff members will be in touch with you.
- For most faculties, these adjustments will automatically continue for all your exams. However, some faculties unfortunately do not offer an automated system and require you to arrange additional time for each exam individually. Please talk to the study adviser of your programme or with Fenestra Disability Centre if you are unsure whether your faculty offers an automated system or not.
Inform your study adviser
Make sure to let your study adviser know that you have requested advice from Fenestra.
The tips below can help you to study more effectively and keep the difficulties caused by your dyslexia to a minimum. Try a few of them to find out what works best for you. Give it a few weeks. Research proves that it takes 21 days to change a habit.
Planning and organising
- Plan your work well.
- Use a well-structured agenda.
- Make sure you have an organised workspace where you won't be disturbed.
- Install IT aids when necessary, such as a magnifying screen or special software. Fenestra staff can offer advice.
- The Pomodoro technique is a good method to help you concentrate on your studies. For periods of 25 minutes you focus intently on your studies, then take a short break and repeat.
Processing study materials
- Summarise longer texts into a different format such as a list or diagram.
- Study graphics, diagrams and tables carefully.
- Repeat what you have read out loud in your own words.
- Discuss the materials with fellow students to improve your understanding and test what you have learnt.
- Find out if you text books are available in other formats.
- Try to find out in advance what the lecturer is going to cover that day so you can look at the materials in advance.
- Check if the sheets and notes that your lecturer will use are available in the digital learning environment. If not, ask your lecturer for them.
- Ask your lecturer if you may record the lecture.
- Ask a fellow student if you may copy his or her notes.
- You can buy study notes and summaries via SIL and the JoHo.
- Divide your written assignment into smaller steps and complete them one by one.
- If you find it hard to order your thoughts, first record your ideas on a voice recorder, then put them on paper.
- Don't try to make it perfect first time round. Make a rough version. Once you have all the basics on paper, start working on the style.
- Ask someone to check and correct your text. This isn't a sign of weakness. Your lecturers also ask people to edit their work.
- Prepare well. Practice doing old exam papers and let fellow students test you.
- Before starting, read the instructions carefully. Check how many questions you must answer and how much time you have.
- First answer the questions you immediately know the answers to. Then do the questions you find more difficult.
- Try to remain relaxed. Take short breaks now and then and try doing relaxation exercises. Don't feel pressurised by the tempo of other students.
- At the top of essay-type exams, add a brief note explaining that you are dyslexic and apologising for any textual mistakes. Lecturers will take this into consideration.
- If you frequently run out of time in exams, request extra exam time.
Guidance & advisors
Fenestra Disability Centre provides advice on all disability-related matters. If you need support in other areas, there are other advisers available.
See all advisers and guidance services
Additional facilities in the home might be both needed and welcome if you have a disability.
Read more about housing
Students with a disability can incur additional expenses both during their studies and in daily life. There are a number of regulations, funds and special allowances in place that can help to ease the financial burden.
Read more about financial support
Healthcare and home care
In some circumstances you might need additional healthcare or home care facilities or support.
Read more about healthcare and home care
According to the Act on the Equal Treatment of the Disabled and Chronically Ill, it is strictly forbidden to discriminate on the grounds of disability and chronic illness when providing employment, accommodation, goods and services.
Read more about legal protection
Staying in contact with other students might not always be easy but it is very important. Find out about the different ways in which you can meet other students.
Studying with dyslexia
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source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Gate areas vary in size between airports, however they all have one thing in common – they are only used for certain times of the day. When gates are not in use, energy is wasted, running heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and lighting for example.
Using a number of different measures, Siemens ensures energy is saved in this area:
CO2 measurement can be used to detect periods of low occupancy. Therefore, lighting and ventilation can be reduced saving electrical energy and reducing heating and cooling loads.
Integrating the passenger management system – a short period before the gate is staffed and the boarding systems running, ensure the HVAC and lighting systems run at full capacity – all controlled centrally without manual intervention.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Problem of the Modern and Tradition
Problem of the Modern and Tradition
Arvostele ensimmäisenä tämä tuote
Saatavuus: Varastossa
35,00 €
Viljanen, Elina
The Problem of the Modern and Tradition. Early Soviet Musical Culture and the Musicological Theory of Boris Asafiev (_PHONE_)
Suomen Semiotiikan Seura
Acta Semiotica Fennica 50
s.l. 2016, 670 pp.
The Soviet music critic, composer and musicologist Boris Asafiev (_PHONE_) played a central role in the development of Soviet conceptions of music. Elected to the Soviet Academy of Sciences in t943 and as head of the Soviet Composers' Union in 1947, Asafiev's literary works came to be considered influential classics in Russian musicology. However, his later work built upon his theory of music that he first developed over the course of the 1920s. This is the first English language analytical and critical monograph to examine Asafiev's literary output during _PHONE_. The author explores Asafiev's critical and musicological works both against the backdrop of Russian cultural history and within the Western European intellectual historicaI context. She demonstrates how Asafiev became an established Soviet cultural theoretician of music, a celebrated but also a persecuted Soviet musicologist. More broadly, the book The Problem of the Modern and Tradition explores how the Russian Silver Age philosophical interpretation of music was transferred to the Soviet era and what was generated through this process.
Elina Viljanen is a musicologist and researcher in the multidisciplinary research community of the Aleksanteri Institute, a national centre of research, study and expertise pertaining to Russia and Europe at University of Helsinki. She is the author of many articles on Soviet musicaI culture. Viljanen has received several research grants and worked as a visiting scholar at Columbia University in New York and the Nordic Institute of Fudan University (Shanghai).
ISBN 978-952-68257-7-9
ISSN 1235-497X


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Fast Spatial Scan makes the automatic detection of anomalous spatial clusters very efficient and effective. Given a massive set of spatial or space-time count data (e.g. the number of reported disease cases in each zip code on each day), it searches through the dataset to find spatial regions with higher than expected counts. This process has two steps: first it infers the expected count for each spatial location using time series analysis, then it uses an expectation-based spatial scan statistic approach to find spatial regions where the counts are significantly higher than expected. Randomization testing is performed to compute the statistical significance of each discovered cluster, enabling us to distinguish true clusters from those due to chance.
Spatial scan statistics are a powerful statistical test for detection of significant spatial clusters. Unlike many other cluster detection methods, they can be used both to determine whether any statistically significant clusters exist and to precisely pinpoint the size and location of clusters. Because the statistic scans over a huge number of regions of variable shape and size (and each region can contain between one and many locations), it has high power to detect clusters regardless of whether they affect a small or large spatial area. Our statistical test correctly adjusts for the multiplicity of tests performed, enabling us to ensure a low false positive rate while maintaining high power to detect any significant clusters that do occur.
Our new implementation of spatial scan statistics has several advantages over standard spatial scan approaches (e.g. SaTScan). First, we use novel spatial statistical methods to adjust for spatial and temporal variation in the baseline counts, allowing us to account correctly for day of week, seasonality, and other trends. This improves detection power, allowing more timely detection of emerging clusters with fewer false positives. Second, we have developed a new computational method, the "fast spatial scan." This fast multi-resolution search approach allows us to compute the spatial scan hundreds to thousands of times faster than the standard approach. Thus we can obtain results in minutes rather than hours or days, even for massive datasets containing millions of records.
Speed/Performance Results (click thumbnail below to view big picture):
Spatial Scan can find anomalous spatial clusters in spatial or space-time data sets. In particular, given a large set of spatial locations (e.g. zip codes), where each location has an associated time series of counts, it can detect any spatial regions where the most recent counts are significantly higher than expected, given the historical baseline data. For example, if we are given the number of emergency department visits in each zip code on each day, it can find areas where the recent number of cases is abnormally high, which may be indicative of an emerging outbreak of disease.
In May 2000, an outbreak of gastroenteritis in Walkerton, Ontario resulted from contamination of the water supply with E. coli bacteria. Over 2000 individuals were affected by severe gastrointestinal symptoms, including 65 hospitalizations and 6 deaths. We used the fast spatial scan software to perform a retrospective analysis of emergency department visits in Walkerton and the surrounding Grey-Bruce region of Ontario between 1999 and 2001. At a rate of only two false positives per year, the software was able to detect the outbreak on May 19, 2000, two days before the first public health response and one day before the other surveillance methods tested.
We are currently using the fast spatial scan tool to perform daily monitoring of over-the-counter medication sales from the National Retail Data Monitor (NRDM). Our system receives daily counts of the number of units sold in 18 different product categories (cough remedies, nasal decongestants, etc.) from over 20,000 retail stores and pharmacies nationwide. It then uses our new spatial cluster detection methods to find areas where the sales are significantly higher than expected, and makes these results available to state and local public health officials via a web-based graphical interface.
Interfaces of National Retail Data Monitor(click thumbnail below to view big picture),see also 2005 KDD paper for details.
Methods for detecting spatial and spatio-temporal
clusters. In M. Wagner, A. Moore, and R. Aryel, eds., Handbook of
Efficient scan statistic computations. In A. Lawson and K. Kleinman, eds., Spatial and Syndromic Surveillance for Public Health, 2005
A Bayesian spatial scan statistic (NIPS 2005)
A Bayesian scan statistic for spatial cluster detection. (National Syndromic Surveillance Conference 2005)
Detection of emerging space-time clusters (KDD 2005)
Anomalous spatial cluster detection (KDD 2005)
Detecting anomalous patterns in pharmacy retail data (KDD 2005)
Detecting significant multidimensional spatial clusters (NIPS 2004)
Rapid detection of significant spatial clusters (KDD 2004)

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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This exercise system originated in Sweden where trotting is a major sport.
It may well be the reason for the Swedes' supremacy in this field as their horses are exercised from six months to maturity by a natural and simple method that causes no ligament or joint stress to their horses.
The exercise yard consists of a series of corridors side by side. Each one is fairly narrow - 6 to 10 yards wide and 100/200 yards long. The corridors are separated by 2 strands of tape and closed at the ends with 3 strands.
One horse is put into each corridor for 2 to 3 hours. It is important that the horses should be beside each other. They will tend to run up and down the full length of the corridor out of curiosity, competitiveness to their neighbor, or just out for playfulness. As each horse is confined to it's own corridor it is unable to injure itself or either of it's neighbors. When the horses stop running and playing it is either because they have become used to their companions or because they have exercised enough. At the next session it is then necessary to vary each horse's routine by either switching corridors or putting a strange or more fiery horse beside it.
After few month with this form of natural exercising horses, foals and even older horses will have developed good, hard muscles, improved wind and stronger hearts. It is not necessary to lunge or ride them by the hour and this will develop a natural competitive spirit.
With tape corridors their training starts, quite naturally, at weaning. By the age of two a horse reared this way has the build of a mature athlete and is raring to begin formal training.
(from weanling onwards.)


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Thirty high school girls from disadvantaged rural communities in Zimbabwe, South Africa and Zambia will be gathering in Johannesburg for the Taungana STEM Expo later this month.
Taungana (which means "we have come together" in Shona) is a movement that provides rural high school girls with an opportunity to explore the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM).
The Taungana STEM Expo is a seven-day career guidance programme taking place from 24th to 30th August. Its aim is to give young girls a chance to meet and engage with professionals in STEM, get exposed to leading STEM organisations and careers and promote STEM in their communities.
The theme for this year's expo is "Decoding STEM Careers"
"Africa is a developing continent with a great need for development in the STEM fields. Access to information and exposure to STEM education and careers is extremely limited for students in rural schools in Africa. Statistics continue to show the underrepresentation of females in STEM fields and sub-Saharan tertiary institutions," says the Taungana team
Taungana launched a crowdfunding campaign on Indiegogo to help fund the expenses to bring the girls to the expo. Although it wont reach its goal by the time the campaign tomorrow (unless a really generous backer donates the remaining funds at the last minute) the amount raised will still go to Taungana.
During the expo, the girls will be visiting world-class STEM giants in the energy, petrochemical, food, research science, aviation, mining, health sciences, pharmaceutical and STEM entrepreneurship sectors from in and around Johannesburg.


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The Children's Rights and Business Atlas helps businesses and industries assess potential and actual impacts on the lives of children and guides the integration of children's rights into due diligence practices and procedures.
Children are impacted by businesses every day in a variety of ways: as consumers, community members, workers, and dependents of workers. Therefore, children's rights – like all human rights – are impacted by company policies, products, operations, sourcing activities and business relationships.
"Children are among the most marginalized and vulnerable members of society and can be disproportionately, severely, and permanently impacted by business activities, operations, and relationships." Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General on Business and Human Rights, Professor John Ruggie
Beyond child labour and philanthropic corporate social responsibility, in many cases the broader impacts of business on children are often overlooked. The Atlas is designed to help companies to better understand and manage their impacts on children.
Also underpinning the Atlas methodology is the Children's Rights and Business Principles. Developed by UNICEF, the UN Global Compact and Save the Children, the Children's Rights and Business Principles guide companies on a full range of actions they can take to respect children's rights in the workplace, marketplace and community and environment. The Atlas translates the 10 Children's Rights and Business Principles into three Indices:
What is the Atlas?
Using publicly available country data and industry analysis, and practical due diligence tools and guidance, the Children's Rights and Business Atlas equips businesses with insights needed to assess and manage their impact on the rights of children in the workplace, marketplace and community and environment – and target due diligence approaches.
Conduct a country-by-country assessment of children's rights in the workplace, marketplace, and community and environment using our country data, indices, analysis and tools.
Evaluate where and how your industry is impacting children's rights in the workplace, marketplace, and community and environment using the industry analysis.
Put respect and support for children's rights into practice using our due diligence resources.
Country data and country analysis
Screen children's rights across operating locations and the supply chain
Benchmark priority countries against one another
Understand how your industry impacts children's rights
Due diligence guidance
Integrate children's rights into your policies and procedures
Why is it useful?
Businesses, investors and organisations alike need to understand how their activities impact children's rights. The Children's Rights and Business Atlas helps businesses and industries to mitigate and prevent negative impacts, and positively impact the lives of children and guide the integration of children's rights into due diligence practices and procedures. Key reasons to use the Atlas include:
Companies need to understand how their operations impact children's rights across the globe because businesses have the responsibility to respect and support children's rights, as outlined in the Children's Rights and Business Principles. The Atlas allows users to navigate the breadth and depth of children's rights issues across the globe.
The Atlas enables comparisons between countries and regions and complements hard data with qualitative facts about countries and industries. Through this information, companies can build better adaptability in their supply chains and improve relations with suppliers where needed.
How do I use the Atlas?
How can I identify and prioritise children's rights issues?
Assess children's rights by exploring the data for a particular country or use our three indices: Children's Rights in the Workplace Index, Children's Rights in the Marketplace Index and Children's Rights in the Community and Environment Index.
What is an index and how are children's rights measured?
An index is a tool that quantifies fulfilment of children's rights issues across countries, and which allows businesses to assess their impacts and issues of interest. Each index in the Atlas is made up of a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators to evaluate achievement of children's rights in each dimension. Go to the methodology section to learn more about the data, structure, indicators and sources for each index.
What does a low score mean?
In each index, countries receive a score between 0 and 10 based on the status of children's rights legal frameworks, enforcement and outcomes. A score closer to 0 reflects a need for basic children's rights due diligence processes. On the other hand, high scores reflect a need for companies to engage enhanced and heightened due diligence efforts.
Can I assess multiple countries of interest?
Benchmark countries of interest using the country selection tool. The tool enables you to 'dig deep' into the indicators and understand where heightened due diligence may be necessary.
How does my industry impact children's rights?
Refer to the industry analysis to understand the impact that is often found on children's rights in the workplace, marketplace and the community and environment in select industries.
How can I integrate children's rights into my company's due diligence procedures?
To live up to the obligation to respect children's rights, businesses should integrate children's rights into social, environmental and human rights due diligence. Several due diligence tools are profiled on the website.
Please note that the Atlas is best viewed using Chrome, Firefox or Safari to ensure optimal functionality of the tool.
Who created the Atlas?
The Children's Rights and Business Atlas was jointly developed by UNICEF and the Global Child Forum, with the goal of creating a business-friendly resource providing businesses with the data, analysis and tools they need to make informed decisions in the best interest of children.
UNICEF is an integral part of the United Nations, and works with governments, civil society organizations and other partners worldwide to advance children's rights to survival, protection, development and participation, guided by the Convention on the Rights of the Child. UNICEF is a UN humanitarian and development program working in 190 countries for the rights of every child. UNICEF has spent 70 years working to improve the lives of children and their families. UNICEF's children's rights and business work promotes the corporate responsibility to respect and support children's rights in the workplace, marketplace and community, alongside working with governments to protect and fulfil children's rights.
Founded in 2009 by the Swedish Royal Family, Global Child Forum is a leading forum for children's rights and business dedicated to innovative thinking, knowledge-sharing and networking. We believe in the power and responsibility of business, working in partnership with all parts of society, to create a prosperous, sustainable and just society for the world's children. In addition to our forums, Global Child Forum delivers research perspectives, best practices and risk assessment tools designed to unlock opportunities for business to integrate children's rights into their operations and communities
When will the Atlas cover all countries?
Currently, the website features data for 195 countries, and includes 11 country analysis narratives and 4 industry spotlights to support this data. Going forward, data for 195 countries will be updated annually and additional narratives, as well as new due diligence tools, will be included and revised as we conduct further research and engage with relevant stakeholders.


11 things we learned from the Scottish 2011 census
 - 17 December 2012
 - From the section Scotland
The first results released from Scotland's 2011 Census are not as detailed as the data from England and Wales last week. We will have to wait until next year for such a breakdown of Scotland's figures. However, there is much of interest in the first results.
Scotland's population is the highest ever
Scotland's population decline has reversed quickly
From an estimated 1.6 million in 1801, the population increased at a steady rate throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, reaching 4.9 million in 1921. A dip in the population was recorded in the 1931 Census, in part reflecting the impact of the First World War, the 1918-19 influenza epidemic and net out-migration. It then went up and reached its previous high of 5.2 million in 1971. In the next three censuses the population struggled to stay above five million. But the 2011 survey saw it rise rapidly above the 1971 figure. The drivers for this latest period of population increase are attributed to natural growth (more births than deaths in the most recent years) and net in-migration.
There are more over-65s than under 15s for the first time ever.
The number of people aged 65 and over increased by 85,000 (11%) since 2001. The 854,000 children aged under 15 accounted for 16% of the population whereas those aged 65 and over (890,000 people) accounted for 17%.
There are more females than males
The number of males was 2,567,000 (48%) and there were 2,728,000 (52%) females.
The age group 15 to 39 saw a fall in numbers
The population aged 15 to 64 increased by 200,000 (6%) between 2001 and 2011 but those aged 15 to 39 decreased 2% from 1,734,000 to 1,702,800. Those aged 40 to 64 increased by 14%, from 1,616,000 to 1,849,000.
Scotland is 8.38% of the UK population
The Census Day population in the United Kingdom was almost 63.2 million. Of this, 83.9% were resident in England, 8.38% in Scotland, 4.84% in Wales and 2.86% in Northern Ireland. The resident population of England and Wales on the 27 March 2011 was 56.1 million, a 7% (3.7 million). The Scottish population rose almost 5% over the decade.
The number of children has halved in 100 years
Despite the overall growth in the total population in the past 100 years, the 2011 Census confirmed the pronounced change that has taken place in the age structure of Scotland's population.
The number of children in Scotland has generally fallen since 1911. The census in that year recorded 1,537,000 children aged under 15 (32% of the population).
Apart from increases in the 1961 and 1971 censuses, mainly reflecting the impact of the baby boom years of the 1960s, the number of children in this age group generally fell, reaching a low of 854,000 in 2011, 16% of the population.
In 2011, there were 293,000 children aged under five, an increase of 6% from 2001. However, the number of children aged five to 14 saw a decrease of 69,000 (11%) in the past 10 years.
There are eight times as many people over 80 as 1911
There were nearly eight times as many people aged 80 and over in 2011 (230,000, 4% of the population) than were recorded in 1911 (30,000, 0.6% of the population). In 2011, almost two-thirds (64%) of people aged 80 and over were female.
Scotland's population density is among lowest in Europe
The average number of people per square kilometre in Scotland is 68, among the lowest of the EU countries. It is similar to Ireland and Bulgaria, with only the Baltic and Scandinavian countries having lower population densities. However, there are huge variations across the country. The Western Isles and the Highlands have just nine people per square kilometre whereas Glasgow city has 3,395. The only places outside the Central Belt which have a density greater than 500 are Aberdeen city and Dundee city. The average population density figure for England is over 400.
The population of Scotland is moving around
Highland and Aberdeenshire saw the biggest increases in their population over the past 10 years - up 11%. East Lothian (10%), West Lothian (10%) and Orkney (10%) also saw rises. The number of people in Scotland's big cities also rose but Inverclyde (-4%) and Argyll and Bute (-4%) as well as East Dunbartonshire (-3%) and West Dunbartonshire (-3%) saw a drop.
The census is not absolutely accurate
The statistics provide estimates (rounded to the nearest thousand) of the usually resident population of Scotland on Census Day. It achieved an overall response rate of 94% and the National Record of Scotland says the population is estimated with 95% confidence to be accurate to within +/- 23,000 (0.44%). The figure for England and Wales was broadly similar.
More on this story
Related Internet links
The BBC is not responsible for the content of external Internet sites


Snow
From ExperimentalHydrologyWiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
Purpose:[edit]
Measurements related to snow can have at least two different purposes:
 - Avalanche research
 - Impact of snow on runoff
 - Snow as a water storage component
The first requires a deeper understanding of the layering of the snow cover and the processes within these layers. More data is needed to gain this understanding. However, this wiki is probably not the place to go into more details.
The layering of the snow is of less importance if we want to understand its impact on runoff generation. We need to know the amount of water stored in the snow cover (snow water equivalents SWE) as well as the energy content of the snow cover to predict the time of melting.
Parameters:[edit]
Snow water equivalents are hard to determine because:
 - the spatial distribution is heterogeneous
 - the snow layers have different densities
 - the snow cover needs to be measured in its total thickness.
ToDo add how to do it. Snow height as proxy, snow weight
Energy content is measured through snow temperature in various dephts. The most important information is probably the snow surface temperature, because together with the radiation and the temperature it determines the energy flow between snow cover and atmosphere.
Problems/Questions:[edit]
Where do we make the measurements
Hard to answer - should be representative, not exposed (wind carries the snow far), not influenced by tree tops
Links[edit]
References[edit]


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HUNDREDS of Victorians are dying or sustaining life-threatening injuries taking part in community sport, particularly cycling, football and motor sports.
A study of major trauma in sport by Monash University found that it increased by about 10 per cent every year in Victoria between 2001 and 2007.
During the six-year period, 218 people died while participating in sport - including on-road cycling - and 1019 sustained major trauma that did not kill them.
The highest rate of deaths and trauma occurred in motor sports, which included off-road motorbiking and quad biking. This was followed by horse riding, power boating, water skiing and cycling, both on and off the road.
The study examined injuries in people over the age of 14, and major trauma was defined as an injury resulting in death, multiple severe injuries, urgent life-saving surgery or an intensive-care stay of 24 hours requiring mechanical ventilation.
While the researchers took into account participation numbers in the sports each year, they could not account for changing frequency, so that if people were riding their bicycles more often it might have influenced the results.
The study found injuries were increasing in football, with the most common injuries being abdominal such as ruptured kidneys or spleens, which require urgent surgery. This accounted for 49 per cent of major trauma in footballers, compared with head injuries, which made up 25 per cent of the trauma, and spinal injuries, 19 per cent.
Dr Nadine Andrew, the lead author of the study published in the journal Injury this week, said she had no reason to believe these trends had changed much since 2007, with the exception of football, given that the drought had made grounds harder during the study period.
''With harder grounds, people can run faster and probably hit the ground harder, so the change in weather conditions may have changed things in recent years,'' she said.
Dr Andrew said she hoped the study would encourage more research into the causes of some of these deaths and injuries so preventive measures could be assessed.
''You can certainly look at changing rules in sports or making protective equipment mandatory, but you do have to back that up with surveillance to see whether those interventions make a difference,'' she said, adding that she did want to discourage participation in sports. ''I don't want this to be a barrier, because there are many benefits that come from engaging in sport and physical activity.''


Scientists freeze water with heat
/ Source: LiveScience
Now researcher Igor Lubomirsky at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel, and his colleagues have discovered another way to control the freezing point of water — via what are called quasi-amorphous pyroelectric thin films. These surfaces change their electrical charge depending on their temperature.
When pyroelectic surfaces are positively charged, water becomes easier to freeze, and when they have a negative charge, it becomes harder to freeze.
The researchers saw that supercooled water could freeze as it's being heated, as long as the temperature changes the surface charge as well. For instance, when supercooled water is on a negatively charged lithium tantalate surface, it will freeze solid immediately when the surface is heated to 17.6 degrees F (minus 8 degrees C) and its charge switches to positive.
Curiously, positively charged surfaces inspire supercooled water to freeze from the bottom up, while negatively charged surfaces cause it to freeze from the top down. This likely has to do with how water molecules orient themselves — the negatively charged oxygen atoms in water molecules naturally point toward positively charged surfaces, while the reverse is true with hydrogen atoms.
"The difference between the positive and negative charge was unexpected," Lubomirsky said.
The scientists detailed their findings in the Feb. 5 issue of the journal Science.


Convert OTT to MHTML using Python
OTT to MHTML, HtmlFixed and HTML conversion in your Python Applications without installing Microsoft Word®.

For a Python developer, who is trying to add a OTT to MHTML (Web archive format) conversion feature or HtmlFixed mean want to save the document in the HTML format using absolutely positioned elements within application. Aspose.Total for Python via .NET API can help to automate the conversion process. It's a full package of various APIs dealing different formats.
We use Aspose.Words for Python via .NET API that is part of Aspose.Total for Python via .NET Package to add the OTT to MHTML conversion feature. In case the OTT file is simple then its just two lines of code. Load the OTT file and call the save method with appropriate file path along with SaveFormat enumeration as MHTML or HTML_FIXED. But in case if there is need to restore the document model as close to original one then there is need to save some extra information within resultant document called round-trip information.
How to Convert OTT to MHTML in Python
 - Load source OTT file using Document class
 - Create the instance of HtmlSaveOptions
 - Set the export_roundtrip_information as True
 - Specify the SaveFormat as MHTML
 - Call the save method while specifying output file path & SaveFormat as parameters. So your OTT file is converted to MHTML at the specified path
Conversion Requirements
 - For OTT to MHTML or HtmlFixed format conversion, Python 3.5 or later is required
 - Reference APIs within the project directly from PyPI ( Aspose.Words )
 - Or use the following pip commands pip install aspose.words
 - Moreover, Microsoft Windows or Linux based OS (see more for Words ) and for Linux check additional requirements for gcc and libpython and follow step by step instructions INSTALL

Save OTT To MHTML in Python - Simple

OTT To MHTML Conversion in Python

Explore OTT Conversion Options with Python
Convert OTT to CSV (Comma Seperated Values)
Convert OTT to DIF (Data Interchange Format)
Convert OTT to EMAIL (Email Files)
Convert OTT to EML (E-Mail Message)
Convert OTT to EMLX (Apple Mail Message)
Convert OTT to EXCEL (Spreadsheet File Formats)
Convert OTT to FODS (OpenDocument Flat XML Spreadsheet)
Convert OTT to ICS (Calendar File)
Convert OTT to MBOX (Email Mailbox File)
Convert OTT to MSG (Outlook Message Item File)
Convert OTT to ODP (OpenDocument Presentation Format)
Convert OTT to ODS (OpenDocument Spreadsheet)
Convert OTT to OFT (Outlook File Template)
Convert OTT to OST (Outlook Offline Storage Table)
Convert OTT to POT (Microsoft PowerPoint Template Files)
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text:
Petroleum Exploration History in North Dakota to 1951
Herz, Clarence Anthony
More InformationShow full item record
The delayed discovery of oil in North Dakota resulted from remoteness, environment, and economic disadvantage, three of the six themes of Elwyn B. Robinson. Initially, lacking outside capital, the local explorers turned to their communities from 1917 to 1935 to raise the capital necessary to search for oil. As a result a complex group united to raise the capital necessary, but did not discover oil. The Great Depression ushered in the era of outside capital from 1937 to the successful discovery of oil on April 4, 1951. During this entire exploration period the state legislature, restricted by a lack of tax revenue, was unable to properly fund the North Dakota Geologic Survey. The survey achieved only marginal success throughout this exploration period. This history of early petroleum exploration not only enhances public knowledge but also lays the groundwork for further research toward a complete history of the industry.


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Mouse Settings in IGEL OS 12
This article shows the mouse settings that you can configure in IGEL OS 12.
Menu path: User Interface > Input > Mouse
Left-handed mode
☑ The mouse is in left-handed mode.
☐ The mouse is in right-handed mode. (Default)
Natural scroll
☑ When scrolling with the mouse wheel, the screen content moves in reverse to the wheel movement. If you scroll the wheel down, the screen moves upwards and vice-versa.
☐ When scrolling with the mouse wheel, the screen content moves synchronously to the wheel movement. If you scroll the wheel down, the screen moves downwards and vice-versa. (Default)
Emulate 3 button mouse
☑ Enables emulation of the third (middle) mouse button for mice with only two physical buttons. This third button is emulated by pressing both buttons at the same time. The Emulate timeout determines how long (in milliseconds) the driver waits before deciding whether two buttons were pressed at the same time.
☐ Disables emulation of the third (middle) mouse button for mice with only two physical buttons. (Default)
Emulate timeout
Determines how long (in milliseconds) the driver waits before deciding whether two buttons were pressed at the same time.
Hide cursor
☑ The mouse pointer will be hidden after the defined time limit.
☐ The mouse pointer is never hidden. (Default)
Idle time for visible cursor
The period after which the pointer is hidden.
Pointer speed
Determines the mouse resolution in counts per inch.
Double click interval
Changes the maximum interval in milliseconds between two consecutive mouse clicks which are to be recognized as a double-click. The smaller the interval, the faster the consecutive clicks need to happen, to be recognized as a double click.
Double click distance
Changes the maximum distance in pixels between two clicks which are to be recognized as a double-click. The object under the second click is double-clicked.
If the Show input settings tray icon on desktop option is enabled under User Interface > Desktop > Taskbar Items, and a mouse is detected, you can use the Mouse & Touchpad tray app to quickly configure the following mouse settings:
 - Primary Button
 Sets the primary button both for mouse and touchpad. In IGEL Setup, you can configure this through Left-handed mode.
 - Pointer Speed
 Sets the speed of the pointer both for mouse and touchpad. In IGEL Setup, you can configure this through Pointer speed.
 - Double-click Speed
 Sets how fast two consecutive mouse clicks need to happen to be recognized as a double-click. You can test this with the click to test area. In IGEL Setup, you can configure this through Double click interval. The smaller the interval, the faster the consecutive clicks need to happen, to be recognized as a double click.
 - Scrolling Direction
 Sets the direction of the screen movement when scrolling with the mouse. In IGEL Setup, you can configure this through Natural scroll.
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text:
WASHINGTON, D.C.—The American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE) has announced the induction of Linda Broadbelt, Ph.D., Sarah Rebecca Roland Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Associate Dean for Research, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, to its College of Fellows.
Election to the AIMBE College of Fellows is among the highest professional distinctions accorded to a medical and biological engineer. The College of Fellows is comprised of the top two percent of medical and biological engineers. College membership honors those who have made outstanding contributions to "engineering and medicine research, practice, or education" and to "the pioneering of new and developing fields of technology, making major advancements in traditional fields of medical and biological engineering, or developing/implementing innovative approaches to bioengineering education."
Dr. Broadbelt was nominated, reviewed, and elected by peers and members of the College of Fellows for "distinguished contributions to complex network modeling, particularly for computational approaches for the discovery of novel pathways and new molecules."


text:
Simulated reconstruction of a three-dimensional (3D) object in from cylindrical hologram is proposed. The simulation is done using a fast calculation method, where wave propagation in spectral domain and in cylindrical coordinates is used to generate the cylindrical hologram of a 3D object. The same procedure is followed to reconstruct the object back. The reconstructions resembled the original object and could be seen from all. The whole simulation process is done using open-source software.
© 2011 Optical Society of America
Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.


text:
Anterior cervical fixation system This is a plate design to perfectly adapt to the cervical region. Its rounded rims protect against incidental damage caused by the friction with the surrounding noble structures. Screw blocking system in solidarity with the actioning plate in just one step, innovative and safe (PAT: USA, Nº 5,951,558) prevents the anteropulsion of the screws. The mobile and fixed screws, enable fixations to be of rigid, semirigid and flexible construction. There are five different lengths of screws, they are self-tapping and so the operation technique is eased. Over-diametered screws to improve the fixation in osteoporotic bones. Color code to identify more easily the different kinds of screws. Type 2 anodize plate surface, improves the surface and diminishes the negative effect of friction among components.
- Surgical application:cervical
- Number of fused vertebrae:2 levels
- Surgical approach:anterior


text:
Since the compromise of the SolarWinds Orion update mechanism two years ago this month, governments and the IT industry have made strides in trying to reduce the attack surface of applications.
However, Google believes software supply chain security is still one of the most critical security risks facing the world. "There is an urgent need to come together as an industry to address it," Royal Hansen, the company's vice-president of engineering for privacy, safety, and security, said in a blog.
So Google has released a research paper on securing software supply chains, the first in a series of reports on addressing security issues.
"Overall progress" by the IT industry "has been slow," the report complains.
It makes two main recommendations:
— "First, we must work together as a community to develop and deploy a common Supply-chain Levels for Software Artifacts (SLSA) framework that mitigates threats across the entire software supply chain ecosystem." This has been a requirement at Google for almost a decade. "We believe the SLSA framework, if implemented properly, would substantially reduce every organization's attack surface," the report says;
Application developers should implement the open source SLSA framework to harden software supply chain security; cryptographically sign and verify the authenticity of software using sigstore.dev; automate vulnerability discovery at scale with OSS-Fuzz; automate vulnerability tracking, and triaging with OSV.dev; and automatically evaluate security risk with Security Scorecards, says the report.
— "Second, the lessons we've learned from various security events call for a more holistic approach to strengthen defenses against software supply chain attacks. This includes a common strategy across various stakeholders that centers on three core pillars: 1) adopt best practices and standards for cyber hygiene; 2) build a more resilient software ecosystem; and 3) make investments in the future."
IT departments need to understand their software supply chain and related infrastructure; develop software supply chain risk mitigation plans; identify potential software supply chain
risks; consider security requirements for software procurement; and ensure coordinated vulnerability disclosure plans are in place.
Google Cloud customers should equip developers, DevOps, and security teams with the
tools they need to build secure cloud applications with Software Delivery Shield, says the report. They should also enable access to open source software packages that have been curated and vetted by Google with Assured OSS; explore centralized information about vulnerabilities and possible risks using Google Cloud services like Security Command Center; and leverage best practices like the Google Cloud security foundation guide to set up more secure authentication and authorization, resource hierarchy, logging, and detective controls.
Software supply chain attacks aren't new, but they were highlighted with the discovery that Solarwind's Orion network management platform had been compromised — allegedly by Russia –with malicious code that was delivered to customers as part of routine updates. Over 18,000 SolarWinds customers worldwide received those updates — including nine U.S. federal departments — although only a small number ended up being hacked.
Over the course of the next several years, the frequency of similar attacks will likely continue to grow and increasingly focus on open-source software, the report says. The
emergence of open-source software has made software supply chains deeper, wider and more complex, it adds, because modern-day software tends to include elements published by a large number of diverse open-source projects, and often dependencies are several levels deep.
"This creates a massive attack surface ripe for exploitation by nation-states and cyber criminals." it says.
There is a number of tools application developers can take advantage of, says the report. One is called Minimum Viable Secure Product, a checklist of controls that must, at a minimum, be implemented in software to ensure a reasonable security posture.
Another is including a Software Bill of Materials (SBOM), a nested list of packages and components included in an application. One problem: There's no well-established ecosystem to easily distribute and verify SBOM documents;
A third tool is the SLSA framework. If an SBOM is like an ingredient list on a food product in the grocery store, says Google, then SLSA can be thought of as all the food
safety handling guidelines that ensure the final product is safe for consumption.
Developers should also note that the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has issued guidelines on the recommended minimum standards for vendors' testing of their software source code and guidance outlining security measures for critical software use.
The Log4j2 vulnerability, revealed in December, 2021, illustrates a related problem in software supply chain risks, says the report — a vulnerable open-source component embedded in software widely around the world, with few IT departments aware of it. Log4j is an open-source Java logging library developed by the Apache Foundation. Experts say we may be hunting for applications with this bug for years.
Threat actors developed exploits quickly. Worse, says the report, is that second, Log4j revealed weaknesses in how large organizations track their own software deployments and
map associated dependencies. Without this information, defenders can't find and fix software bugs quickly, the report says, which meant that in many organizations, it was unclear where to even start their remediation efforts or how large the effort would be. Again, this is why Google believes SLSA will be effective for securely building and verifying the integrity of software.


DTV is a library that provides a simple interface for generating video files from a C++ application
Direct to Video (DTV)
Alt text
What does DTV do?
DTV is a library that provides a simple interface for generating video files from a C++ application. It uses FFmpeg which means that it supports the same encoders and performance that you would get from something like OBS. Unlike OBS, however, it is not dependent on the input being delivered in real-time. This means that regardless of the input frequency to DTV, the output will always be at the frame rate that you select.
How do I use it?
Check out the sample application that is provided with DTV. The interface is extremely minimalistic and is comprised of a handful of intuitive functions. The steps to write an entire video look like this:
 1. Start the encoder by calling the encoder.run(...) method. The encoder runs in its own thread and will wait for you to send video frames to it.
 2. Call encoder.newFrame(...) to get a frame from the buffer to write to. This comes in blocking and non-blocking versions. By calling encoder.newFrame(true), DTV will wait for a frame to become available if the encoder is lagging behind the input. Changing the input to false will cause the encoder to return nullptr if a frame is not available to write to. This can be useful if you'd prefer to miss frames over slowing down your application.
 3. Fill the frame with whatever data you like by populating the atg_dtv::Frame::m_rgb array with 8-bit values.
 4. Commit the frame by calling encoder.submitFrame().
 5. Repeat steps 2-4 until you have no frames left to write.
 6. Call encoder.commit() to inform the encoder that the video stream is over.
 7. Call encoder.stop() which will wait until the encoder finishes encoding buffered frames and then for the encoder thread to exit.
How do I build it?
You will need to have FFmpeg development libraries installed on your computer and the directory listed on your PATH. DTV has only been tested on Windows but in principle should build on other platforms. The cmake script that searches for FFmpeg libraries, however, is Windows specific and you'll have to modify cmake/FindFFmpeg.cmake to work for other platforms. (If you do this, please create a pull-request!)
For FFmpeg pre-built binaries, see the OBS installation instructions page.
Build Steps
 1. Make sure you have the latest version of CMake installed
 2. Make sure you have FFmpeg binaries installed (see above)
 3. Clone the repository: git clone _URL_
 4. cd direct-to-video
 5. mkdir build
 6. cd build
 7. cmake ..
 8. cmake --build .
 9. For MSVC users, check the build folder for a generated Visual Studio solution. You can use this solution like any other and will contain the DTV library as well as the demo application in separate projects.
Owner
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Archives
 - 2019-10
 - 2019-11
 - 2020-03
 - 2020-07
 - 2020-08
 - br Fig The structure of
 2020-08-18
 Fig. 1. The structure of curcumin (A) and bioconjugate AA-CUR (B). (C), Schematic illustration of the micelle formed by conjugate AA-CUR; (D), Network structure scheme of the micelle from bioconjugate AA-CUR crosslinked by Ca2+ ions.
 group [37,38], thus further confirming the eﬀective conjugation.
 The eﬀectiveness of the purification process and the dispersity of the product was evaluated by GPC. The chromatogram obtained for AA-CUR showed one band, thus providing additional proof of the successful conjugation. The observed band was narrower than that for the un-modified alginate and appeared at lower retention time, confirming suﬃcient purification of the product, its lower dispersity and increased size of the chain due to its modification with curcumin (see Fig. 2B). It is, however, not possible to calculate the exact molecular weight of such polysaccharide derivative based on the typical low dispersity standards (e.g. dextran or pullulan). The reason is that the introduction of the hydrophobic groups to the polyelectrolyte chain results in the sig-nificant change of conformation, accompanied by a decrease in the hydrodynamic volume of the macromolecule. The resulting GPC chro-matogram is a superposition of the eﬀects related to the increase in the polymer chain weight due to modification and to the decrease in hy-drodynamic volume, what makes it diﬃcult to use it for accurate cal-culation of degree of curcumin substitution. Thus, the curcumin content in AA-CUR bioconjugate was determined from electronic HG-9-91-01 spectra. However, as curcumin shows a tendency to aggregate, with aggregates' absorption spectrum diﬀering significantly from that of monomer [39], the possible influence of the aggregation process on determination of its content in bioconjugate was considered. A series of bioconjugate solutions were tested and the changes in the measured
 apparent curcumin content with decreasing bioconjugate concentration were analysed. The result obtained for the concentration range where no more changes in the determined result were registered (0.05 mg/ml) was assumed as the actual curcumin content in the bioconjugate, and it was estimated as 45 mg in 1 g of the bioconjugate.
 Additionally, surface chemical bonds of alginate and its derivative were determined with the wide scan XPS. As shown in Fig. 3, the binding energy (B.E.) peaks at 283.4, 284.9 and 286.5 eV can be as-signed to CeC, CeO and C]O, respectively [40,41]. The relative content ratio of C to O (C/O) in the bioconjugate AA-CUR is higher than that in alginate, due to the presence of the curcumin in obtained ma-terials. Furthermore, the relative content of C]O group to CeO group in the bioconjugate is slightly higher than in alginate, which also con-firms the presence of curcumin in the bioconjugate structure (see Supplementary Materials, Table S2).
 AA-CUR is well soluble in water up to 7 mg/ml. Due to the am-phiphilic character of the bioconjugate it shows tendency to aggregate in aqueous solutions resulting in micelle formation. In order to study this phenomenon in more detail, the aqueous solutions of the conjugate were analyzed using conductometry, as well as by the dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential measurements. The critical micelle
 Fig. 2. (A) UV–Vis spectra of alginate (blue) and AA-CUR bioconjugate (red), (B) GPC chromatograms for alginate and AA-CUR bioconjugate. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)
 concentration (cmc) was determined based on conductometric titration, as presented in Fig. 4A. The precise value of cmc was calculated to be 0.654 mg/ml. DLS measurements were carried out to confirm the AA-CUR micelle formation. Based on the obtained results (see Supplementary Materials, Table S1 and Fig. S4) one may conclude that in the low concentration range the bioconjugate forms aggregates of ca. 160 nm and the system is characterized by relatively large dispersity (polydispersity index, PDI, above 0.3). When the polymer concentration
 increases, a slight increase in the aggregate diameter is observed, ac-companied by the decrease in PDI. This suggests the reorganization of the aggregate structure and formation of stable micelles. The lowest PDI value was observed at c(AA-CUR) = 0.6 mg/ml, which is in good agree-ment with the cmc value determined by conductometry. The average zeta potential value measured for the micelles was ς = −53 [mV]. Its relatively high value ensures the colloidal stability of their aqueous dispersion. At the concentrations above 0.6 mg/ml, both: the size and
 Fig. 4. (A) Dependence of conductivity of the aqueous solution of the AA-CUR bioconjugate on its concentration, (B) SEM image of AA-CUR micelles cross-linked with calcium ion (top) and the result of SEM/EDX analysis of the same sample (bottom).


TY - JOUR T1 - Family-Companion: analyse, visualise, browse, query and share your homology clusters JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/266742 SP - 266742 AU - Cottret, Ludovic AU - Briand, Martial AU - Rancurel, Corinne AU - Carrere, Sébastien Y1 - 2018/01/01 UR - _URL_ N2 - Identifying homology groups in predicted proteomes from different biological sources allows biologists to address questions as diverse as inferring species-specific proteins or retracing the phylogeny of gene families. Nowadays, command-line software exists to infer homology clusters. However, computing and interpreting homology groups with this software remains challenging for biologists and requires computational skills.We propose Family-Companion, a web server dedicated to the computation, the analysis and the exploration of homology clusters. Family-Companion aims to fill the gap between analytic software and databases presenting orthologous groups based on a set of public data. It offers a user-friendly interface to launch or upload precomputed homology cluster analysis, to explore and share the results with other users. The exploration of the results is highly facilitated by interactive solutions to visualize proteome intersections via Venn diagrams, phylogenetic trees, multiple alignments, and also by querying the results by blast or by keywords.Family-Companion is available at _URL_ with a demo dataset and a set of video tutorials. Source code and installation protocol can be found at _URL_ A container-based package simplifies the installation of the web-suite. ER -


text:
Section 1: Soil Management
- The Soils of Pennsylvania
- Eastern Lake Shore
- Glaciated Region of the Appalachian Plateau
- Allegheny High Plateau
- Glaciated Low Plateau
- Pittsburgh Plateau
- Allegheny Mountains
- Ridge and Valley Province
- Blue Ridge
- Triassic Lowlands
- Conestoga Valley
- Piedmont Upland
- Coastal Plain
- Soil Health
- Soil Erosion
- Water Erosion
- Tillage Erosion
- Soil Compaction
- Tillage Management
- Table 1.1-1. Selected properties and typical capabilities of major Pennsylvania soils.
- Table 1.1-2. Ideal soil bulk densities and root growth limiting bulk densities for soils of different textures.
- Table 1.1-3. Crop residue production of different crops in rotation.
- Table 1.1-4. Pennsylvania tillage practices by crop, 2007.
- Figure 1.1-1. Soil regions of Pennsylvania.
- Figure 1.1-2. The textural triangle quickly helps to determine the textural classification of a soil from the percentages of sand, silt, and clay it contains.
- Figure 1.1-3. No-till soil profile changes compared to changes in a tilled-soil profile.
- Figure 1.1-4. Three causes of erosion resulting from tilling soils on slopes.
- Figure 1.1-5. Topsoil compaction is caused by contact pressure, whereas lower subsoil compaction is caused by axle load.
- Figure 1.1-6. Development of tillage systems in Pennsylvania, _PHONE_.
S. W. Duiker, associate professor of soil management, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences


text:
Maria Matheidesz has extensive FL teaching and teacher training experience.
Her professional expertise also includes:
- educational institution management (both of a language school and of an institution specialised in professional and vocational training);
- management training and inspector training;
- development of management and inspector training materials
- project management and international consultancy in domains such as quality assurance, educational organisation management, academic management.
Maria has participated on the co-ordinating team of the 1st medium-term project "Quality Assurance and Self-assessment for Schools and Teachers" and is one of the co-authors of the CD ROM "Quality Management in Language Education".
Maria's current role as EAQUALS Operations Manager involves organsing inspections, offering consultancy to language schools, as well the development of relevant quality management and inspector training guide books.
Maria's envisaged role in the project team will include:
- dissemination activities, (co-)organising and (co-)facilitation of workshops,
- networking to identify potential target audiences of multipliers for cascading events;
- co-operating with the other team members on carrying out needs analysis in preparation for WSs and adaptation of QualiTraining workshop materials for implementation in various educational contexts;
- a leading role in disseminating "QualiTraining" processes and outcomes in the EAQUALS context;
- with the other team members, developing tools for evaluating training events, and carrying out small-scale feasibility studies and action research, to explore the specificity of introducing "QualiTraining" concepts and materials in various educational contexts, and - as appropriate - to contribute to the publishing of research outcomes in specialised journals for dissemination to a wider public.


text:
13th May 2016
Alternative Carrier Gases for ASTM D7213 Simulated Distillation Analysis
Leading manufacturer and developer of chromatography columns and accessories, Restek, recently published an article focused on the Petroleum and Petrochemical industry titled: Alternative Carrier Gases for ASTM D7213 Simulated Distillation Analysis by Katarina Oden, Barry Burger and Amanda Rigdon. In the article the authors discuss Simulated Distillation (SimDist) and the carrier gases that can be used in this GC method.
SimDist is a GC technique that allows fast, reproducible, and easily automated determination of boiling point distribution of crude oil samples, which, until recently, could only be supported using helium gas. The ASTM SimDist committee has now approved the use of alternative carrier gases, nitrogen and hydrogen, for this technique.
Research into the alternative carrier gases indicate that nitrogen is a suitable and convenient alternative to helium as it is readily available, has no explosive properties and is the most efficient carrier gas when compared with helium and hydrogen at their respective optimal velocities.
Hydrogen, on the other hand, is comparable in price to nitrogen and has a faster optimum linear velocity than helium. This means that, with proper translation, methods can be shortened by approximately 25% meaning a much faster analysis.
Carrier gas changes for SimDist methods, can be easily implemented in your daily process as Peak Scientific offer both alternative carrier gases which complement this GC analysis. Peak Scientific's Precision Hydrogen Trace and Nitrogen Trace models would be ideal solutions for those wishing to make the switch from helium since the trace models ensure the lowest possible baseline and accuracy in your results.
Peak's Precision Hydrogen Trace models produce ultra-high purity hydrogen at flow rates ranging from 250cc-500cc per minute, utilising a Proton Exchange Membrane to create the hydrogen gas from deionized water, with Pressure Swing Absorption (PSA) employed to remove moisture content down to trace levels. The hydrogen models come with additional safety features such as an internal leak detection, automatic safety shutdown, and create hydrogen on-demand ensuring minimal storage of hydrogen in the system.
Precision Hydrogen Trace
Precision Nitrogen Trace models are capable of delivering high purity nitrogen, removing oxygen and moisture via PSA, using Carbon Molecular Sieve and are available at flow rates ranging from 250cc-1000cc per minute. These models offer a constant and consistent supply of gas which means labs will not run out of gas during analysis and require minimal maintenance with just an annual filter change.
Precision Nitrogen Trace
Making the switch comes with additional benefits, as not only does the Precision range come in a stackable, space-saving modular design it is also the practical and cost-effective alternative to pressurized gas cylinders, dewars or bulk storage of laboratory gas.


text:
The basic and main purpose of windmills is to get wind energy.
Using the wind to create electricity has been around for a long time. You've probably seen windmills on farms. People who design, build or repair windmills are called millwrights.If you want to become a millwright then get download Magic windmill coloring app, which is totally free. Come along with us and design and build your own magic windmill. Learn how to make a magic windmill and make it colorful and give it attractive shades.- Attractive Windmill images of to keep a child enthusiastic.- 30 images of different kind of Windmill.- Magic windmill allows your child to keep his interest in the study of environmental science.- Change colors with a finger touch.- Ability to save completed pictures.Don't underestimate child's coloring. It may look like leisure time, but when children are coloring, they're actually developing crucial life skills — and preparing their brains for the challenges of adulthood. This app is will clear the concept of windmill of your child. Children absolutely love science. The benefits of science for kids are tremendous. When children are engaged in Magic windmill coloring they are no longer disruptive because they are too busy in creating.


text:
I wholly disapprove of what you say,This sentence was imagined by the English scholar S G Tallentyre (whose real name was Evelyn Beatrice Hall) in her book entitled The Friends of Voltaire (1906), and later in another book, Voltaire in His Letters (1919). She was merely paraphrasing the attitude of Voltaire in the context of a certain affair, but her publisher erroneously placed the sentence in inverted commas, giving readers the mistaken impression that they are Voltaire's actual words.
and will defend to the death your right to say it.
I hope that my readers might be able to use this information, one of these days, to win some kind of trivia quiz, or to impress people at a dinner evening. [That last sentence is mine, not Voltaire's.]


text:
Effective Validation of Firmware
Modern processors comprise an increasing amount of software to simplify in product design. The complex interplay of hardware and software, including concurrent operations, together with rapid growth in size of this software, makes it ever more susceptible undetected design and implementation errors. This is in stark contrast to the reliability requirements, as all applications and devices running on top of the processor depend on its correct operation.
The project consortium includes the University of British Columbia, Princeton University, and Rice University. The goal of this project is the development of automated validation techniques for low-level software that interacts closely with hardware components, e.g., to minimise the power consumption of a processor. The project covers a broad range of topics including the following:
- hardware/software modelling,
- automated generation of models using machine learning techniques,
- automated software verification for C/C++/SystemC and low-level assembler,
- new programming languages and type systems, especially for resource usage and environment modelling.
The project will cover both theoretical foundations and the implementation of prototype software tools.


text:
Turkey will launch two miniature satellites to space next year, according to a Turkish defense technology company.
STM Defense Technology and Engineering Company aims to develop small satellites, Elif Dirgin, the director of the satellite systems, said at an International Defense Industry Fair (IDEF).
Ergin said the company have already initiated two satellites projects to build a microsatellite named Lagari and a nanosatellite.
"Both satellites are under development process and will be launched to space next year," said Ergin, highlighting that Lagari is the country's first high resolution micro satellite.
Nano and macro satellites are small satellites with mass from 1 to 10 kilograms (2.2-22 pounds). They can be used for space research and do everything a conventional satellite does.
Lagari will be used for observing forests, cultivated areas, natural disasters and general mapping, she added.
She said the company focuses on the constellation since it is an innovative subject.


xtal-json-merge
TypeScript icon, indicating that this package has built-in type declarations
0.2.42 • Public • Published
Published on webcomponents.org
<xtal-json-merge>
xtal-json-merge merges predefined json with some dynamic json.
These two components can also be useful for declarative custom elements, or template-based components, and demo pages that use html markup as the primary way of demonstrating the functionality of specific types of components, which we categorize below.
Demo
Mission
Many complex components, like grids or charts, require a large amount of declarative configuration, beyond what is optimally configured via attributes.
I would venture that 50% of UI Screens in the world consist of the following workflow:
 1. Get data
 2. Merge with configuration (and/or other manipulation of the data, not discussed here)
 3. Render using some specialized renderer (like a grid or chart component).
We assume here that step 3 is:
 1. done with another third party web component. For simplicity we'll assume it's called my-grid
 2. defined via some form of template markup i.e. <my-grid>
Some components, like the Vaadin grid, choose to be configured via light DOM elements (a perfectly fine approach). This component is of no help in those circumstances.
Other components tend to view themselves primarily as a JavaScript api, and then just quickly put a web component wrapper around it. Often that api consists of a single function or two, with a single parameter, where declarative JSON is expected to be passed. These components are designed to facilitate working with such components.
These components, xtal-insert-json and xtal-json-merge, enforce the declarative, optimized, side-effect free, XSS safe principles by insisting that the content is strictly compliant JSON. See other examples of embedding JSON as part of the markup.
Note that someone (Νίκος) has kindly provided a nice VSCode extension, that makes editing JSON much easier.
The JSON needs to be wrapped inside a script tag with type application/json, as shown below.
<xtal-insert-json>

</xtal-insert-json>
Example
 <xtal-json-merge input={} with-path=rowData>

 </xtal-json-merge>

 <xtal-editor -value key="Xtal Data"></xtal-editor>

Merge with

 [{
 "columns":[
 {"name": "Formula", "field": "formula"},
 {"name": "Melting Point", "field": "meltingPoint"},
 {"name": "BoilingPoint", "field": "boilingPoint"}
 ],
 "gridOptions":{
 "enableCellNavigation": true,
 "enableColumnReorder": false
 }
 }]

 <xtal-json-merge -input id="insertData">

 </xtal-json-merge>
Running xtal-json-merge
 1. Install node.js
 2. Fork or clone this repo.
 3. Open command and navigate to location of fork or clone.
 4. Issue the following commands:
$ npm install
$ npm run serve
 1. Open your browser to (typically) http://localhost:3030/demo/dev.html
Install
npm i xtal-json-merge
DownloadsWeekly Downloads
44
Version
0.2.42
License
MIT
Unpacked Size
17.2 kB
Total Files
6
Last publish
Collaborators
 - bahrus


text:
Biomedical informatics professor to chair session at national biocomputing conference
Assistant professor Graciela Gonzalez, of ASU's Department of Biomedical Informatics has been selected as a leading session chair for the 2013 Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing conference.
The session, titled "Text and Data Mining for Biomedical Discovery," aims to serve as a unique forum to discuss novel approaches to text and data mining methods that respond to specific scientific questions, enabling predictions that integrate a variety of data sources and can potentially impact scientific discovery.
The prestigious conference will bring together top researchers from North America, the Asian Pacific nations, Europe and around the world to exchange research results and address open issues in all aspects of computational biology From 20 entries, only six were chosen to represent trending areas of research in biocomputing for the conference.
The session will bring together researchers with a strong text or data mining background to collaborate with bench scientists for the deployment of integrative approaches in translational bioinformatics.
Topics of interest to be discussed include gene prioritization, binding site prediction and gene/protein function prediction, among others.
Session co-chairs also include Maricel G. Kann, assistant professor at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County; Jieping Ye, associate BMI professor; Casey Greene, postdoctoral researcher at the Lewis-Sigler Institute at Princeton University; and Robert J. Leaman, computer science and engineering student at ASU.


text:
Error message when you try to synchronize an external list with SharePoint WorkSpace 2010: "This list doesn't have items to display"
Consider the following scenario:
- You create an external list in Microsoft SharePoint Designer 2010 from a database on a server that is running Microsoft SharePoint WorkSpace 2010.
- The database table field names contain special characters such as any of the following:
- A period (.)
- A backslash (\)
- A bracket ([)
Note This list may not include all the special characters that may cause this problem.
- You try to synchronize the external list with SharePoint WorkSpace 2010.
In this scenario, you cannot synchronize the external list with SharePoint WorkSpace 2010. Additionally, you receive the following error message:
This list doesn't have items to display.
This problem occurs because SharePoint WorkSpace 2010 cannot parse the special characters.
To resolve this problem, replace the special characters in the database table field names with standard alphabetical characters.
Article ID: _PHONE_ - Last Review: 09/17/2010 15:35:00 - Revision: 1.0
Microsoft SharePoint Workspace 2010
- kbsurveynew kbprb kbexpertiseinter kberrmsg KB2411811


text:
Valentin Gasenko MCT | MCP | Senior Power Platform Developer
If you haven't read the first part, be sure to do so.
Today, we will delve into the intricacies of configuring the RichText component, specifically focusing on data management and attachments.
The behavior and capabilities of the rich text editor can be fine-tuned through configuration settings. By default, the rich text editor control is equipped with properties and values that cater to common rich text requirements. However, these settings can be customized to better suit our needs. Configuration properties and values can be applied to individual instances of the rich text editor control, allowing for specific adjustments. The configuration process involves up to three levels of settings, and the logic for applying properties and values is as follows:
1. The non-editable global configuration file RTEGlobalConfiguration_Readonly.json is loaded.
2. The editable global configuration file RTEGlobalConfiguration.json is loaded.
- Properties defined in this configuration file overwrite corresponding properties from the previous configuration file.
3. If available, the instance-specific configuration file is loaded.
- Properties defined in this configuration file overwrite corresponding properties from either of the preceding configuration files.
All properties are replaced except for extraPlugins, which are merged. Merging extraPlugins allows the use of a wide range of plugins in RTEGlobalConfiguration.json using externalPlugins and out-of-box provided plugins. Then, only the necessary plugins can be activated by adding them to the extraPlugins values in the instance specific configuration.
Use the default web resource for organization-wide changes
The default RTE webresource is available with the display name RTEGlobalConfiguration.json. This configuration is used for all instances of the RTE control and can be used to make organization-wide changes. This includes RTE used in timeline rich-text notes, knowledge management, and single and multi-line fields that are configured to use the RTE control. By default, RTEGlobalConfiguration.json is empty. Based on your business requirements, you can specify the values you want to customize in this file. Use the non-editable RTEGlobalConfiguration.json as a sample to add the parameters in the required structure format or you can use custom config.
Create and use advanced configuration for the rich text editor control
To create and use advanced configuration for the rich text editor control, follow these steps:
Save, and then Publish the form.
However, there is a pitfall here that Microsoft, for some reason, does not mention and which I cut my foot painfully on my project.
So, for example, we have some custom config and we want to use it for our form:
If you use RTE in Power Pages and decide to install a custom configuration on the form, you will almost certainly run into this error:
It is important to note that this error only occurs on Power Pages. It does not occur on model-driven, for example. What is the problem? And why, most importantly, did our configuration path change from /WebResources/***RTEconfiguration.js to /_webresource/***RTEconfiguration.js?
Turns out, the point is that in order for Power Pages to "see" our new configuration, we need to set separate privileges to use WebResources. These privileges are set on the Table Permissions side and should look like this:
Yes, as strange as it may seem, it is true that to read custom configurations we have to add a Global Read to the Webresources entity.
I have been struggling with this problem for a few days and found a solution myself, so I really hope it helps you if you have a similar situation.
After that, your configuration will work successfully for Power Pages.
Security of the RTE Attachments
Another important point is the security of the attachments we can add to RichText.
Imagine we have a Power Pages Portal, on the Portal we use D365 forms, one of which has two fields that we've defined as RTEs.
In these fields we need to store images and attachments.
This can be achieved by applying a configuration to the field with the following parameter:
You can read more about all kinds of applicable configurations here.
The images inserted through our portal into this field start to be stored in the msdyn_richtextfile table, but there's a nuance. As you know, in order to access certain entities and records on the portal side, you need to define the appropriate table permissions. This is pretty well written about here.
Without the privilege of reading attachments, you'll get a situation like this:
To avoid this situation and to be able to successfully read attachments uploaded to the RTE, you need to create a separate Table Permission:
Thus, informally, we have the binding like that:
msdyn_richtextfiles.msdyn_parentid – contains a link to the record where the RTE field is located and from which the attachment was created.
msdyn_richtextfiles.msdyn_parententityname – contains the name of the parent entity that contains the RTE field and from which the attachment was created.
msdyn_richtextfiles.msdyn_parententity_fieldname – contains the name of the field that is represented on the entity form as an RTE.
Everything seems to be taken into account, except for one nuance. All of these fields are fictitious. They are just strings, reference information, not real lookups.
And if they are not lookups, then another problem arises – the security control of these records.
We cannot assign parent access because the msdyn_richtextfiles entity has no lookup to the parent and no security control over that parent. It means, other than global access, we have no other choice.
In other words, by having global access to attachments, we get a situation where all the users we have in CRM can (e.g. via dataverse API) get any attachment completely unhindered!
This is a huge security hole if we think about it that way.
What Microsoft gives out of the box for richtext attachments (global access to attachments: global read, global write) doesn't fit for us, because there's a risk that someone who is not involved in creating their colleagues' entries will have access to their attachments.
Microsoft itself acknowledges this vulnerability and marked it as a known issue, but there is no solution to this problem.
That's why we came up with our own solution: we need to create a lookup to the parent record from the attachment table and ensure that this field is filled in correctly.
That is, msdyn_richtextfile.LookupParentID -> RecordID from Parent Entity (which is our table where the richtext field is located and where the record occurs).
So, having a relationship between tables, we can create our own Table Permission with Parent access type and restrict access to attachments to those who are not involved in creating the corresponding records.
There is an important point to be made here. As soon as we insert any image into the RTE field, a new entry is immediately created in the table we defined in the config (by default this is the msdyn_richtextfile table and, except for an explicit reference to the parent, it has everything we need in its structure).
Even if we don't save the parent entry, we still save the picture to the msdyn_richtextfile table. The entries in it are never updated and never deleted from there (it sounds awful, but the fact remains).
JFYI, even if we remove some pictures from the RTE field, which is on the parent entity, and insert a new picture, all that happens is that the value of the field itself changes.
For example, the value in our table looks like this:

And if we delete the old picture and add a new one, the value of the field will be like this:

Both images will continue to be stored in the msdyn_richtextfiles table.
Returning to our problem, as for the sequence of actions, it should look as follows:
i) paste some image to RTE;
ii) OOB logic creates new row for msdyn_richtextfile (RTE Attachments);
ii.1) OOB logic fill msdyn_parentid;
ii.2) custom pre-operation plugin: fill custom parent lookup = OOB msdyn_parentid;
ii


text:
- 1(Of a substance or solution) using or having water as a medium or main ingredient: a water-based paintMore example sentences
- The main drawback of water-based coatings is that dispersing polymers in water inevitably incurs a penalty in terms of chemical resistance properties.
- I'll stick with a water-based solution for now.
- Since water always contains a balanced amount of the two ions and the equation shown above is true for all water-based solutions, the following equation can be formed.
- 2(Of a sporting activity) carried out on water: sailing and other water-based recreational sportsMore example sentences
- The Ganga and the Jalangi will be developed with water-based recreation activities in mind.
- The idyllic, mild climate and transparent sea makes it the most attractive area for underwater and surface water-based activities including sailing and diving.
- It has a wide, gently shelving shoreline and a marvellous array of water-based activities including surfing, skiing or sailing.
More definitions of water-basedDefinition of water-based in:
- The US English dictionary