text:
Australia has one of the most comprehensive collections of population data on healthcare, but until now, analysing it has been quite limited. The data is distributed amongst various sources, and the systems on which these datasets are located are typically unsuitable for complex analysis.
However, the Sax Institute has today launched a project called the Secure Unified Research Environment (SURE) that aims to overcome both limitations by providing a central datacentre where researchers can form connections between data sources and access the necessary computing power to perform big-data analysis. Health researchers will be able to securely access health information provided by hospitals, cancer registries, clinical trials, general practices and research studies.
The project was funded by the Department of Industry, Innovation, Science, Research and Tertiary Education, as well as the NSW Government.
While the environment was only officially launched today, it has already been used to analyse Australian habits on visiting the same general practitioner, or "consistency of care", which has been linked to the long-term quality of healthcare.
Previously, data on consistency of care would have been analysed by looking at data from the Medicare Benefits Scheme to determine who does or doesn't use the same practitioner, but this doesn't provide much insight. By combining the Medicare data with the Sax Institute's own "45 & Up" study, as well as data from the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, researchers were able to discover more.
For instance, the analysis was able to confirm the intuitive beliefs that the older Australians get, the more likely they are to have higher consistency of care, and that remote areas of Australia have lower consistency of care. However, it also revealed that wealthier and more highly educated Australians have lower consistency of care — a finding that would not have been possible to determine by looking at a single dataset alone.
Privacy in SURE
Any time large sets of data are linked and mined for information, privacy concerns rise to the forefront. Recognising this, SURE divides personally identifiable information and the content of health records, such as medication information or hospital-admission information.
Organisations called data-linkage units receive encrypted record ID numbers and personal identifying information from sources, but no healthcare records. The linkage units then create their own unique, randomly generated IDs for each person. When a research project requires the data, these randomly generated IDs are used as a basis to create project-specific IDs.
Once the data-linkage units and the data source agree on what information a project is allowed, the data-linkage unit sends the encrypted record ID numbers as well as the new set of project-specific IDs to the source. The data source is then able to decrypt the record ID numbers and match them up to any healthcare records, free of personally identifiable information. The information is then made accessible on SURE's systems for analysis.
The end result is that any researcher logging in can only identify an individual by a SURE-generated ID, unrelated to that person's original record ID. As the ID is specific to the researcher's project, it also means that researchers cannot collude with other researchers working on different projects to gain more personally identifiable information than originally permitted.
Security in SURE
To use SURE, researchers first need to have their project approved by the data owners, and also by a human research ethics committee. After this, researchers' access is limited to secure computers. These are scanned for malware prior to the log-on process, and a security certificate is installed on the permitted computer to limit access.
To log in, the researcher's account has certain minimum-length password requirements and the necessity of a physical hardware token, which must be plugged in to the nominated computer via USB. If any of the three factors — the certificate, USB token or password — are missing, tampered with or incorrect, access to the system is denied.
Although steps are taken to make the researcher's computer more secure than the average PC, analysis of data is still performed remotely. Researchers use their computer as a virtual terminal to tap into SURE's infrastructure, running a highly specified version of 64-bit Windows 7. These virtual workstations have a number of proprietary and open-source analysis tools pre-installed, or installed as needed after being assessed for security. This allows researchers to conduct their analysis using the larger computing power of SURE's facilities.
As analysis may take time to complete, researchers can log off and leave their analysis running in the background, logging in from another secured location at a later date.
The datacentre has a tier-3 ranking, and numerous other physical security features have been implemented, such as the removal of access to printers and removable media within the facility.
Even then, the data flow of all files entering and leaving SURE passes through a privately developed audit tool called the Curation Gateway, providing administrators with the ability to flag any suspicious activity and take immediate action.
Once research has been completed, any remaining data files are encrypted and then archived only for as long as needed. After this time, they are destroyed.


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The study of the influence of stabilizing devices on the pressure pulsations at the free discharge of water through the turbine
Platonov, D. V.
Minakov, A. V.
Dekterev, D. A.
Институт инженерной физики и радиоэлектроники
Journal Name:MATEC Web of Conferences
Journal Quartile in Scopus:без квартиля
Journal Quartile in Web of Science:без квартиля
Bibliographic Citation:Platonov, D. V. The study of the influence of stabilizing devices on the pressure pulsations at the free discharge of water through the turbine [Текст] / D. V. Platonov, A. V. Minakov, D. A. Dekterev // MATEC Web of Conferences. — 2017. — Т. 115.
The free discharge through the turbine is applied in the course of construction of hydro power plant or in case of excessive water inflow during floods or emergency situations. The experimental and numerical investigation of flow-induced pressure pulsations in hydraulic turbine draft tube at free discharge was performed using a special setup for suppression of draft tube surge. Such special equipment in draft tube cone as fins and "spider"-like units was considered for reducing these pressure pulsations. The paper considers influence of these units on vortex structures and pressure pulsations in the draft tube in several regimes.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


The EFPR Group of Companies
Donor-Advised Funds: Save on Taxes and Make a Difference
For individuals who seek to save on their taxes while still being charitable and making a difference in their communities, donor-advised funds (DAFs) are a strong possibility to consider.
Understanding donor-advised funds
Simply put, a DAF is a charitable investment account. DAF accounts can be funded with liquid and/or illiquid assets such as cash, publicly traded securities, patents/royalties, C-corp stock or even artwork and life insurance policies. Once made, the donor contribution is irrevocable. In other words, the donor is no longer the legal title holder of the assets transferred into the account.
 - What are some notable advantages of donor-advised funds?
 - The donor receives an immediate charitable contribution deduction for the fair market value of the assets transferred into the account, the deductibility of which depends on the nature of the assets transferred and the taxpayer's specific tax situation.
 - The donor can grow their account by making additional contributions, and they can choose from a variety of investment options, including alternative investments, to grow their donation tax-free.
 - When a DAF is funded with appreciated illiquid assets, such as stock market securities, the account administrator is responsible for cashing out enough of the assets to fund the donor's charitable giving directives. Since the donor is no longer the legal title holder of the assets, the gain on the sale of the assets is not taxable to the taxpayer, allowing the charitable giving to go farther.
 - The donor retains the ability to recommend donations to IRS-approved 501(c)(3) organizations. They also control the frequency and the amounts of the charitable disbursements.
 - The account administrator is responsible for mailing checks to charities, keeping track of charitable giving, account values and earnings, and compiling annual donation reports. This eases the administrative burden on the donor.
 - Unlike private foundations, DAFs do not have reporting/compliance requirements at the account level and do not pay excise taxes on their investment income. Again, this eases the administrative burden.
 - Donors have the ability to create a legacy and extend their philanthropy beyond their lifetime by naming successors and beneficiaries to their account.
 - DAFs typically incur administrative/management fees in the vicinity of one percent of the fair market value of the assets held in the account.
To summarize, if you're looking to apply your assets toward charitable causes you hold dear, and do so in ways that are advantageous from a tax standpoint, DAFs are a tactic you should consider.
Do you have questions about donor-advised funds, or other tax strategies? Contact us today!
For more information call


Εp. 6: Songs and poems
Άκου τώρα στο αγαπημένο σου app
apple podcast
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Pocket Casts
Σύνοψη επεισοδίου
From popular songs to great poets. Sofka meets Lysandros Falireas, founder of the fusion band Imam Baildi. They unpack how the Asia Minor refugees of 1922 established rembetika (or 'Greek blues') in Athens. The celebrated singer Elly Paspala discusses her collaboration with two of the greatest Greek composers: Mikis Theodorakis and Manos Xatzidakis and how they used poetry from Nobel-prize-winning Greek poets. Former UK Ambassador, John Kittmer, reveals his deep love for the poet Yiannis Ritsos who collaborated with Theodorakis when both were imprisoned by the Junta. Finally, translator and bicycle tour guide Joshua Barley dives into why dimotika traditional village 'folk' songs are so popular in Athens.
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text:
If you happen to come to Romania on the first day of March, you will see women wearing a tiny little "toy", tied up with a cute white and red yarn ribbon, on their coats. This toy is called "Martisor" and here's the history behind these trinkets.
(Editor's Note: This article was originally published on March 14, 2010. Your comments are welcome, but please be aware that authors of previously published articles may not be able to promptly respond to new questions or comments.)
Mărţişor is a beautiful celebration of spring in my country. It goes back to ancient times, when men went to war in the springtime, and women gave them an amulet to protect them in battle.
The celebration seems to be based on the Roman calendar, which started the new year on March 1. The Romanian nationality was formed by the union of the Romans and the Dacs and that is why they celebrated the New Year at the beginning of spring like the Romans did, up until the 18th century. Mars was a god for both fertility and war, and March was his month. The double yarn was choose as a dual symbol to celebrate him: the white represented peace and fertility, while the red represented war.
Some very old amulets (about 8,000 years old) were also found when digging on an archeological site in our country. They were little rocks painted in white and red.
We have a few fairy tales about the fight between right and wrong, symbolized by winter and spring seasons. Right always wins, but with a blood sacrifice. That is why the yarn colors are red and white.
The talisman begins with white and red yarn, then a small amulet is added to the gift. Sometimes it is a small gold coin, meant to protect the loved one from all bad things. It is worn around the neck suspended on the white and red yarn.
The amulet was called "Mărţişor" (pronounced "mirtzyshore"), and derives from the Romanian name "Martie," meaning the month of March. It means a small gift for March (Martie) 1 and thus it took the name of the month, as in "little Marches".
Nowadays, the amulet (Mărţişor) is usually a little toy representing a flower, an animal, a thing or a human figure. Common examples include snowdrops, puppies, cats, butterflies, or horseshoes, clover leaves, or even chimney sweepers - whatever is thought to bring luck. It represents a symbol of love and spring, and a boy gives one "Mărţişor" to the girl he loves; she wears it until March 8, then hangs it in a tree to bring prosperity to her home. A bouquet of snowdrops can be also a nice gift for this celebration.
Usually, the Martisors are made by artisans and craftsmen, who sell them in special places on the street.
Some of the crafts are made of wood, others are made from artificial flowers.
Some are made of dried flowers encased in plastic.
Fabric is frequently used in creating amulets, as are feathers, shells, ceramic and metal.
The yarn has different shapes too, but it always uses the red and white colors. Often the yarn is silk, twisted together, each ending with a tassel. The yarn is tied to the amulet (Mărţişor) through a small circle attached for hanging, then a ribbon is made.
I like the handcrafted Martisors best, but many are commercially produced from industrial materials such as plastic or iron.
Some are more like brooches and are made like jewelery - more expensive, but very much appreciated.
The amulets are usually pinned on a card and put in an envelope before given as a gift.
When we were children, not only did the boys gave "Mărţişoare" to the girls, but the girls also exchanged amulets among themslves. All the girls in our classroom took this celebration very seriously and enjoyed it very much. We all spent a lot of time arranging each "Mărţişor" on a little piece of paper shaped like a big, fat number 1. We used to write a beautiful thought like, "Lots of luck and joy!" and drew a snowdrop on the number 1 shaped card. Then we pinned the "Mărţişor" on the card and put it in an envelope with each girl's name on it. We even made our own envelopes for the little cards.The "Mărţişor" has to be fixed with a needle on the coat, right on the heart when worn. In school, we used to pin all the amulets we've been receiving on our uniform, which was hilarious. But we always saved one to pin on the coat too.
Every year, we set out to select our "Mărţişoare" before the end of February. Sometimes the weather doesn't cooperate and we encounter a bad snowstorm, or it's raining, but no matter what the weather, Romanian people will buy "Mărţişoare" for giving to the ones they love. I still have all the "Mărţişoare"which I have received from my husband and son over many years; they hold very dear memories for me.
Here is my teddy bear which gives a big noisy smoochy and says "I love you!"
Since we missed the official date this year, I will share it with you all to be your "Mărţişor."

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


[Function of death associated protein kinase(DAPK) in colorectal cancer chemoresistance].
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of death associated protein kinase(DAPK) in colon cancer drug-resistance. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to detect DAPK expression in colon carcinoma tissues of 61 cases and adjacent tissues of 32 cases. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced drug-resistant colon cancer cell lines HCT116/5-FU model was established. DAPK… (More)
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text:
- Aggregate and Household Demand for Money: Evidence from Public Opinion Survey on Household Financial Assets and Liabilities
- Hiroshi Fujiki, Cheng Hsiao
- #001997 20131014 (published) Views:85
- We use data from Public Opinion Surveys on Household Financial Assets and Liabilities from 1991 to 2002 to investigate the issues of unobserved heterogeneity among cross-sectional units and stability of Japanese aggregate money demand function. Conditions that permit individual data and aggregate data to be modeled under one consistent format are given. Alternative definitions of money are explored through year-by-year cross-sectional estimates of Fujiki-Mulligan (1996) household money demand model. We find that using M3 appears to be broadly consistent with time series estimates using the aggregates constructed from the micro data. The results appear to support the existence of a stable money demand function for Japan. The estimated income elasticity for M3 is about 0.68 and five year bond interest rate elasticity is about -0.124.
- JEL-Codes: E41, C43
- Keywords: Demand for Money; Aggregation; Heterogeneity
Download full text Downloads:39

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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What are our children's rights and responsibilities? We all want our children to be responsible at home and at school. And children certainly feel that they have rights. What is often overlooked, though, is how intertwined rights and responsibilities are. In fact, you can't have one without the other. That's why it's important for young people to understand that their rights are often accompanied by responsibilities, and they need to know what each is specifically.
Here is a list created several years ago by 14-16 year old students and their teacher of Cowichan Valley Alternative School in Duncan, British Columbia, Canada. It accurately shows the rights and subsequent responsibilities each young person has.
Children's Rights and Responsibilities List
- I have


In mathematics, a natural number in a given number base is a -Kaprekar number if the representation of its square in that base can be split into two parts, where the second part has digits, that add up to the original number. For example, in base 10, 45 is a 2-Kaprekar number, because 45² = 2025, and 20 + 25 = 45. The numbers are named after D. R. Kaprekar.
Definition and properties
edit
Let be a natural number. Then the Kaprekar function for base and power is defined to be the following:
 ,
where and

A natural number is a -Kaprekar number if it is a fixed point for , which occurs if . and are trivial Kaprekar numbers for all and , all other Kaprekar numbers are nontrivial Kaprekar numbers.
The earlier example of 45 satisfies this definition with and , because

A natural number is a sociable Kaprekar number if it is a periodic point for , where for a positive integer (where is the th iterate of ), and forms a cycle of period . A Kaprekar number is a sociable Kaprekar number with , and a amicable Kaprekar number is a sociable Kaprekar number with .
The number of iterations needed for to reach a fixed point is the Kaprekar function's persistence of , and undefined if it never reaches a fixed point.
There are only a finite number of -Kaprekar numbers and cycles for a given base , because if , where then

and , , and . Only when do Kaprekar numbers and cycles exist.
If is any divisor of , then is also a -Kaprekar number for base .
In base , all even perfect numbers are Kaprekar numbers. More generally, any numbers of the form or for natural number are Kaprekar numbers in base 2.
Set-theoretic definition and unitary divisors
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The set for a given integer can be defined as the set of integers for which there exist natural numbers and satisfying the Diophantine equation[1]
 , where

An -Kaprekar number for base is then one which lies in the set .
It was shown in 2000[1] that there is a bijection between the unitary divisors of and the set defined above. Let denote the multiplicative inverse of modulo , namely the least positive integer such that , and for each unitary divisor of let and . Then the function is a bijection from the set of unitary divisors of onto the set . In particular, a number is in the set if and only if for some unitary divisor of .
The numbers in occur in complementary pairs, and . If is a unitary divisor of then so is , and if then .
Kaprekar numbers for
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b = 4k + 3 and p = 2n + 1
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Let and be natural numbers, the number base , and . Then:
 - is a Kaprekar number.
Proof
Let

Then,

The two numbers and are

and their sum is

Thus, is a Kaprekar number.
 - is a Kaprekar number for all natural numbers .
Proof
Let

Then,

The two numbers and are

and their sum is

Thus, is a Kaprekar number.
b = m2k + m + 1 and p = mn + 1
edit
Let , , and be natural numbers, the number base , and the power . Then:
 - is a Kaprekar number.
 - is a Kaprekar number.
b = m2k + m + 1 and p = mn + m − 1
edit
Let , , and be natural numbers, the number base , and the power . Then:
 - is a Kaprekar number.
 - is a Kaprekar number.
b = m2k + m2m + 1 and p = mn + 1
edit
Let , , and be natural numbers, the number base , and the power . Then:
 - is a Kaprekar number.
 - is a Kaprekar number.
b = m2k + m2m + 1 and p = mn + m − 1
edit
Let , , and be natural numbers, the number base , and the power . Then:
 - is a Kaprekar number.
 - is a Kaprekar number.
Kaprekar numbers and cycles of for specific ,
edit
All numbers are in base .
Base Power Nontrivial Kaprekar numbers , Cycles
2 1 10
3 1 2, 10
4 1 3, 10
5 1 4, 5, 10
6 1 5, 6, 10
7 1 3, 4, 6, 10
8 1 7, 10 2 → 4 → 2
9 1 8, 10
10 1 9, 10
11 1 5, 6, A, 10
12 1 B, 10
13 1 4, 9, C, 10
14 1 D, 10
15 1 7, 8, E, 10
2 → 4 → 2
9 → B → 9
16 1 6, A, F, 10
2 2 11
3 2 22, 100
4 2 12, 22, 33, 100
5 2 14, 31, 44, 100
6 2 23, 33, 55, 100
15 → 24 → 15
41 → 50 → 41
7 2 22, 45, 66, 100
8 2 34, 44, 77, 100
4 → 20 → 4
11 → 22 → 11
45 → 56 → 45
2 3 111, 1000 10 → 100 → 10
3 3 111, 112, 222, 1000 10 → 100 → 10
2 4 110, 1010, 1111, 10000
3 4 121, 2102, 2222, 10000
2 5 11111, 100000
10 → 100 → 10000 → 1000 → 10
111 → 10010 → 1110 → 1010 → 111
3 5 11111, 22222, 100000 10 → 100 → 10000 → 1000 → 10
2 6 11100, 100100, 111111, _PHONE_
100 → 10000 → 100
1001 → 10010 → 1001
100101 → 101110 → 100101
3 6 10220, 20021, 101010, 121220, 202202, 212010, 222222, _PHONE_
100 → 10000 → 100
122012 → 201212 → 122012
2 7 _PHONE_, _PHONE_
10 → 100 → 10000 → 10
1000 → _PHONE_ → 100000 → 1000
100110 → 101111 → 110010 → _PHONE_ → _PHONE_ → 111101 → 100110
3 7 _PHONE_, _PHONE_, _PHONE_, _PHONE_
10 → 100 → 10000 → 10
1000 → _PHONE_ → 100000 → 1000
_PHONE_ → _PHONE_ → _PHONE_ → _PHONE_
2 8 _PHONE_, _PHONE_, _PHONE_, _PHONE_, _PHONE_, _PHONE_, 100000000
3 8 _PHONE_, _PHONE_, _PHONE_, 21121001, 20210202, 22222222, 100000000
2 9 _PHONE_, 101101101, 111111111, _PHONE_
10 → 100 → 10000 → 100000000 → _PHONE_ → 100000 → 10
1000 → _PHONE_ → 1000
_PHONE_ → _PHONE_ → _PHONE_
Extension to negative integers
edit
Kaprekar numbers can be extended to the negative integers by use of a signed-digit representation to represent each integer.
See also
edit
Notes
edit
 1. ^ a b Iannucci (2000)
References
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 - D. R. Kaprekar (1980–1981). "On Kaprekar numbers". Journal of Recreational Mathematics. 13: 81–82.
 - M. Charosh (1981–1982). "Some Applications of Casting Out 999...'s". Journal of Recreational Mathematics. 14: 111–118.
 - Iannucci, Douglas E. (2000). "The Kaprekar Numbers". Journal of Integer Sequences. 3: 00.1.2. Bibcode:2000JIntS...3...12I.


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The Engineer's Notebook gives you the ability to create notes and store them as part of a model. A note can be attached to an edge, sketch, feature, part, or other selection in the model. Each note consists of a comment box and a view of the model.
To start the Engineers Notebook, select a part in the window, right-click, and select Create Note.
When you add the first note to a model, the program creates a notebook. You can add comment boxes or additional views to a note or add more notes to the notebook.
You can use the Engineer's Notebook to save the history of development or to provide reminders for project designers. Examples of notes include design strategy, reason for a design decision, manufacturing instructions, or information from a test or FEA calculation. Notes can contain links to external files, such as spreadsheets, word processing documents, graphics, or audio files.
In the Engineer's Notebook browser, the program assigns each note a name and lists it in the order in which you created it. You can organize the notes as follows:
If you are using the Engineer's Notebook to maintain the history of a design, you can use several options to assure an accurate record.
Ordinarily, a note is deleted when the geometry to which it is attached is deleted. To maintain an accurate history, set the option to keep notes attached to deleted geometry
When you create a note, the note view captures the current state of the model. As you change the model, the view in the note updates automatically. To keep it from updating, you can freeze a view in the note. The view and its comment then serve as a historical record.
As you add notes to a part model, each note is listed in the part browser under the item to which it is attached. For example, if the note is attached to a feature, it is nested under that feature in the browser. Notes attached to edges or other items that are not listed in the part browser are listed at the end of the part.
Information from an external file (such as a spreadsheet or word processing document) can be added to a note in the Engineer's Notebook. You can embed the content of the external file in a comment or add a link to the file.
As you add notes, each one is assigned a name and listed in the Engineer's Notebook browser in the order in which you created it. You can organize the notes in the following ways:
You can also change the name of a folder, comment, or view.
In the browser, drag the note to the new location.
Right-click the folder and select Place New Notes Here from the menu.
When more than one note exists for a part or an assembly, you can cycle forward or backward through the multiple notes by clicking Previous Note or Next Note on the Notes panel as required.
You can change the layout of a note in the Engineer's Notebook. Add comments, views, or arrows to the note, format the text in a comment box, or change the view in a view box.
You can add comment boxes, view boxes, or arrows to a note. To add an element to a note, right-click the notebook page (not in a comment box or view box), and then select the element from the menu.
To apply formatting to text in a comment box, select the text. Use the options on the Format panel to change the font or color of the text or to apply bold, italics, or underlining. Text justification modes, such as left alignment, center alignment, and right alignment may also be applied to selected text.
You can also use the bullets option to better organize your notes and improve readability.
You can change size, orientation, or display style of any view in a note.
If you select Freeze from the view menu, the view no longer update when you change the model. To update the view, clear the Freeze check mark.
Lists all the notes in the model file. Notes are listed in the order in which they were created.
Use the following options when working with notes in the browser:
Click a note to select and display it.
Select the note, then click the note name and enter the new name.
Drag the note to the new location.
Right-click the note and select Delete from the menu.
Provides options for organizing design notes in a model. To access the menu, click in the browser to cancel any note selection, then right-click to open the menu.
Sets the sort order for the notes. Select the order from the pop-up menu.
Creates a note folder at the end of the note list.
Place New Notes Here
Sets a folder as the default location for all new notes. Select the folder before opening the browser menu.


What is a Sail?
A sail is a large piece of fabric or other material that is used to catch the wind and propel a boat or ship across water. Sails come in many shapes and sizes, but they all work on the same principle: when the wind blows against the sail, it creates a force that pushes the boat forward. Sailboats can use one or multiple sails depending on their design, and the position of the sails can be adjusted to take advantage of the wind direction and speed. Sails have been used for thousands of years and are still an important part of modern sailing vessels.
Which and How Many Sail Types do Exist?
There are many different types of sails, each designed for a specific purpose and type of vessel. Here are some of the most common sail types:
 - Bermuda Sail: This is the most common type of sail used on modern sailboats. It is triangular in shape and can be adjusted to catch the wind at different angles.
 - Gaff Sail: This type of sail has a four-sided shape and is supported by a pole called a gaff. It is commonly used on traditional sailing vessels such as schooners and sloops.
 - Square Sail: This sail has a rectangular shape and is attached to a yard, which is a horizontal spar. It is commonly used on tall ships and other traditional sailing vessels.
 - Lateen Sail: This sail has a triangular shape and is attached to a long, diagonal yard called a lateen yard. It is commonly used on small boats and in areas with light winds.
 - Spinnaker: This is a large, balloon-shaped sail that is used to catch wind from the side or behind the boat. It is commonly used in racing and high-performance sailing.
 - Jib: This is a small triangular sail that is located at the front of the boat. It is used to help control the boat's direction and speed.
 - Genoa: This is a larger version of the jib that extends past the mast and is used for increased speed.
 - Mainsail: This is the largest sail on a sailboat and is located at the back of the boat. It is used to provide the main driving force for the vessel.
These are just a few of the many types of sails that exist. The specific type of sail used on a vessel depends on the size and design of the boat, as well as the wind conditions and the purpose of the sail.
Which was the Origin of the Sail?
The origin of the sail is not precisely known, but it is believed that sails were first used around 5,000 years ago in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. The earliest sails were made of woven reeds or cloth and were used on small boats for fishing and transportation.
As sailing technology developed, sails were gradually improved and expanded in size, allowing boats to travel longer distances and carry heavier loads. The ancient Greeks and Romans used sails on their warships and merchant vessels, and by the Middle Ages, sails had become an essential component of European shipping.
The development of new materials, such as cotton and canvas, in the 16th and 17th centuries allowed for the creation of larger and more durable sails. This led to the age of sail, a period in which sailing ships dominated global trade and exploration. The most famous sailing vessels of this era include the Spanish galleons, the British clipper ships, and the Dutch East India Company's trading vessels.
Today, sails are still used on a wide variety of vessels, from small sailboats to large ocean-going ships. While modern materials such as synthetic fibers have largely replaced traditional materials like canvas and cotton, the basic principles of sail design and function remain the same.
Which are the Main Materials use on Sailing Yachts?
The main materials used for sails on modern sailing yachts are synthetic fibers, such as polyester, aramid (e.g. Kevlar), and carbon fibers. These materials offer high strength and durability, as well as resistance to UV rays and moisture.
Polyester is the most commonly used material for sails due to its affordability and good durability. Aramid fibers are used for high-performance sails that require greater strength and stiffness, while carbon fibers are used for the highest performance sails, where weight and stiffness are critical.
In addition to the sail material, modern sailing yachts are also constructed from a variety of high-tech materials, including fiberglass, carbon fiber, and kevlar. These materials offer excellent strength-to-weight ratios and are widely used in the construction of hulls, masts, and other structural components.
Other materials used on sailing yachts include stainless steel for rigging and fittings, and various synthetic materials for lines and ropes, such as dyneema and spectra.
Overall, the use of modern materials has greatly improved the performance and durability of sailing yachts, allowing sailors to push the limits of what is possible on the water.
Are Catamarans Sails the Same as Sloop Sails?
Catamarans and sloops are two different types of sailing vessels with different sail plans, so their sails are not exactly the same.
A sloop typically has a single mast with a mainsail and a jib or genoa. The mainsail is a large triangular sail that is attached to the mast and the boom, while the jib or genoa is a smaller triangular sail that is attached to the forestay.
Catamarans, on the other hand, typically have two hulls and two masts, and can have a variety of different sail plans depending on their design. Many catamarans are equipped with a mainsail and a headsail or jib on each mast. The sails on a catamaran are often larger in proportion to the boat's size than those on a sloop, since the wider beam of a catamaran allows for greater sail area.
Some catamarans are also equipped with a spinnaker, which is a large, balloon-shaped sail that is used for downwind sailing. This sail is not typically used on sloops.
While there are some similarities between the sails used on catamarans and sloops, the differences in sail plan and hull design mean that the sails are not exactly the same.
How Racing Sails Differ from Normal ones?
Racing sailing sails differ from normal sails in a few ways:
 - Material: Racing sails are typically made of higher-performance materials, such as carbon fiber or Kevlar, which are lighter and stronger than the materials used for normal sails.
 - Shape: Racing sails are designed with a specific shape that allows them to catch the wind more efficiently and generate more speed. They often have a flatter profile and more camber (curvature) than normal sails.
 - Size: Racing sails are often larger than normal sails, allowing them to catch more wind and generate more speed. However, they may also be smaller than normal sails, depending on the conditions and the boat.
 - Adjustability: Racing sails are designed to be more adjustable than normal sails, allowing the crew to fine-tune the sail's shape and performance based on the wind conditions.
 - Number: Racing sailboats may carry more sails than a normal sailboat, with different types of sails for different wind conditions.
Overall, racing sails are designed for optimal performance and speed, whereas normal sails are designed for a variety of purposes, including cruising, day sailing, and recreational use.
How Expensive can be a Set of Sails for a Sailboat Cruiser?
The cost of a set of sails for a sailboat cruiser can vary widely depending on a number of factors, including the size of the boat, the quality of the sails, and the type of sailing the boat will be used for. Generally, the larger the boat and the higher the quality of the sails, the more expensive they will be.
As a rough estimate, a set of sails for a typical 30-40 foot cruising sailboat could cost anywhere from $5,000 to $20,000 or more. This price range includes mainsails, jibs, spinnakers, and any other sails that may be needed for a particular boat and sailing style.
It's worth noting that sail prices can also vary based on the material the sails are made from, with more expensive materials such as carbon fiber or Kevlar costing more than traditional materials like Dacron. Additionally, custom sails or special features like roller furling systems or high-tech sail handling hardware can also increase the cost.
Overall, investing in high-quality sails is important for a safe and enjoyable sailing experience, but it's important to consider your budget and priorities when choosing sails for your cruising sailboat.


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Coal Sector Revitalization, Community Memory, and the Land Question in Nigeria: A Paradox of Economic Diversification?
- Year: 2011
- Author: Umejesi, Ikechukwu
- Journal Name: African Studies Quarterly
- Journal Number: Vol.12, No.3
- Publisher: African Studies Quarterly
- Published Location: Gainesville, United States
- Country: Nigeria
In 1999, the Nigerian government unveiled new policies aimed at revitalizing the mining, agricultural, tourism, financial services, and manufacturing sectors in a broader effort to diversify the national economy. While this was a response to the reality of underdevelopment in the country, it was also a response to research that has attributed the country's developmental and governance failures to decades of over-dependence on its vast petroleum resources. The new plan has attracted unprecedented attention from foreign and local mining firms to previously under-exploited minerals such as coal, gold, tin, bitumen, talc, limestone, uranium, asbestos, limestone, and iron ore (known collectively in Nigerian government and business circles as "solid minerals"). Using the coal industry as a case study, this article looks beyond the "economic diversification" objectives of resource sector reforms and interrogates coal sector revitalization against narratives of entitlement, land dispossession, and repossession in the mining communities. The central question is: how does privatisation impact on the revitalization process, and what role does community memory and material interests in land, play in the emerging conflict between the mining communities and the Nigerian state? The analysis is based on ethnographic data obtained in the Southeastern Nigerian town of Enugu-Ngwo, the country's premier coal mining community. The article also draws lessons from the Nigerian petroleum sector.


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In this paper, we propose a novel method for normal texture editing based on shading maps. The presented method can be applied on both photo-realistic rendering and non-photorealistic rendering (NPR). By introducing shading interval constraints, the normal texture editing problem is characterized by a quadratic programming approach, which can be accelerated by GPU techniques. Experiments are presented, showing that for a 1024×1024 size normal texture, the computation costs only 3.6 milliseconds. The experimental results show that our proposed method is user-friendly and can be performed in real-time.
normal map; real-time editing; GPU; shape from shading; internal constraints


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Agrimony
The jovial, cheerful, humorous people who love peace and are distressed by argument or quarrel, to avoid which they will agree to give up much....
One of Bach's original Twelve Healers prepared by the sun method
Guided Learning course
Indication
The jovial, cheerful, humorous people who love peace and are distressed by argument or quarrel, to avoid which they will agree to give up much. Though generally they have troubles and are tormented and restless and worried in mind or in body, they hide their cares behind their humour and jesting and are considered very good friends to know. They often take alcohol or drugs to excess, to stimulate themselves and help themselves bear their trials with cheerfulness. [Bach: Twelve Healers and Other Remedies 1936]
N. Murray talks
Agrimony
Agrimony details
Latin Name: Agrimonia eupatoria
Group: Twelve Healers
Emotional GroupOver-sensitive to influences and ideas
Personality: Torment
Virtue: Stillness
Failing: Torture
Method:Sun
Affirmation
The lesson of this plant is to enable you to hold your peace in the presence of all the trials and difficulties until no one has the power to cause you irritation. [Bach]
State of Being
To soothe all those tormented in body or mind and bring them peace. The restless, the worried, the anxious, the tortured. Those who can find no peace of mind, no rest. There is such a vast army of these sufferers who so often hide their torment under smiles and joviality. They are often the cheeriest of people, and frequently humorists. A great number of these seek refuge in alcohol or even drugs as stimulants to help them to keep going. They will do anything rather than depress others with their trials. Even in severe illness they will jest and make light of their trials. They are brave people and Agrimony will help them so much. [Bach]
Combinations
Agrimony is in the Rest combination.
Habitat
General
Agrimony is a perennial found on hedgebanks and roadside verges, in grassland and waste places; it often grows on chalk where the thin soil makes for shorter grass and so less competition. It will not tolerate strongly acid soils or more than slight shade.
Britain
It is common throughout the whole of southern England wherever mowing, grazing or spraying has left plants an opportunity to grow. It becomes increasingly scarce going north.
Agrimony
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Agrimony - Form and Function
Agrimony, as a remedy state definitely belongs to town: these people are sociable, they seek contact and the stimulus of company. It follows that the plant is one that reaches out to touch you, growing in places where it will find company, on the roadside, the field edge, by the paths and tracks where people pass. Yet Agrimony is strangely solitary in that even when it grows across a field each plant is distinctly separate, in its own space, interspersed with many other grassland flowers. This is not a plant that builds a mass population of its own kind – it does not grow in a group like Impatiens – Agrimony is dotted among the grasses. Because of its isolated habit it is not even listed as a weed of arable land. Its hold among the population of grassland plants is not strong.
Bach described the Agrimony types as tormented, suffering from restlessness in the soul. The virtue that they seek is peace. Looking back to the words of R. L. Stevenson, it seems to be the same peace which he found in solitary walking: the peace that passes all understanding. Bach referred to this peace of the soul on many occasions and regarded peace as the first great quality which 'the treatment of tomorrow' will bring to the patient. Quite specifically peace will come from an acceptance and understanding of our individual soul's purpose within life on earth: it is this which the Agrimony type finds hard to accept. To the Agrimony person realities do not stack up. They see and experience the pain of the world (that is their torment) but they feel themselves inadequate for the task of reconciling that pain with faith in life. Rather than face the problem they turn the matter aside with a play of humour. Or they seek to forget themselves with drink or drugs; there is a desire to escape from life.
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- Fellowship year:2021-2022
- University: University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill
- Dissertation Topic/Category: East Asia
- Dissertation Title: Transpacific Nationalism: The Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands Dispute and the Geopolitics of Chineseness, 1970s-present
Justin's dissertation examines the anti-Japan protest movement in the early 1970s known as the "Baodiao Movement." Largely led by Taiwanese and Hong Kong college students, protests took place primarily in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and major cities in the United States to condemn Japan's claim of sovereignty over the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands in the East China Sea. His dissertation, drawing on sources in Chinese, English, and Japanese, assesses how global geopolitics of the 1960s and 1970s and the transpacific protest network of this movement helped shape the protesters' sense of Chinese identification.


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Not-for-Profit Leadership Curriculum
The Not-for-Profit Leadership focus area is intended to help you enhance your leadership skills in any not-for-profit organization. You will learn how to work as an integral part of the organization by building relationships with business partners, providing motivation for success, and helping the organization reach its highest potential. A strong framework of ethics and critical thinking skills put you a step ahead of the rest.
Through the Not-for-Profit Leadership focus area, you will be able to:
- Understand not-for-profit organizations and how to work within them to maximize success in fulfilling the organization's mission.
- Provide visionary leadership to support strategic planning that balances continuity and change.
- Facilitate the exchange of ideas, goods, and services in an ethical manner to satisfy the needs of diverse stakeholders.
15 credit hours required; all courses listed.
Explores both historical and contemporary explanations of the self in a variety of natural and social contexts. Examines the role of society on the development of self and the impact of the individual on society.
Explores the interaction of culture, creativity, and the arts with leadership. Students will examine creative leaders throughout history from a wide variety of cultures and organizational settings. Students will explore their own creativity and its potential impact on their ability to "think outside the box" and enhance their unique leadership style.
Provides an overview of leadership models to help students identify their own leadership styles. Examines leadership skills that support diverse individuals in complex and technology-rich environments.
Examines the process of ethical decision-making. Through the examination of sources and issues, students develop an awareness of ethical questions, a language with which to frame and confront those questions, and methodologies to examine their import, possibilities, and challenges. Also, addresses differences between legal and ethical issues that affect decision-making.
Examines the research process and explores how to critically analyze research and build upon the work of others. Provides an overview of assessment and evaluation techniques, statistical procedures, and technologies that can be used to inform decision-making.
Focus Area - Not-for-Profit Leadership
MLD students must select a focus area. 21 credit hours required; all courses listed.
Introduces types of funding organizations, guidelines that should be used to select appropriate funding opportunities, partnership building, and strategies to write winning proposals and grants.
Discusses strategies that help NFP leaders work with boards, staff, volunteers, partners, and clients anticipate, respond, and reshape their organization to adapt to changing environments. Emphasizes motivation, interpersonal communication skills, conflict resolution, goal-setting, training, and personnel evaluation within the context of the organization‟s mission. Provides overview of laws related to sexual harassment, discrimination, hiring/firing, and fair labor practices.
Introduces technology that supports communication, marketing, and fundraising. Teaches strategies to identify needs and acquire appropriate resources. Also emphasizes use of technology to manage organizational processes.
Discusses budget processes that involve the NFP board. Emphasizes integration of resource planning and management, analysis of program objectives in relation to budget, and communication of financial and compliance information to relevant groups. Includes overview of NFP accounting and budgeting software.
Emphasizes development of an organizational vision and strategic plan that supports the mission and balances continuity and charge. Highlights the developmental stages that organizations experience as part of the systemic change process. Reinforces the importance of connecting strategic planning with ongoing operational functions of the organization.
Capstone course incorporates various perspectives of the core and the focus area. Requires a real-life project that is approved by the focus area advisor. Example projects for this area include: a grant proposal for an NFP organization, a strategic plan that includes a marketing and financial plan, and a board or volunteer retreat plan with specific goals outlined.
Information About Course Requirements
We do our best to keep this information updated, but you should always double-check to insure you are meeting graduation requirements. For the most current course requirements please review the latest graduate college catalog. Always consult your program director when registering for courses or when you have questions about course requirements.


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True Solution vs. Suspension: What's the Difference?
A true solution is a homogenous mixture at a molecular level, whereas a suspension is a heterogeneous mixture with larger particles that may settle.
In a true solution, the particles are molecules or ions, too small to see, while in a suspension, the particles are larger and often visible.
A true solution is uniform throughout, meaning it's the same in every part, but a suspension has visible particles that can settle out.
Particles in a true solution cannot be filtered out, as they are too small, but in a suspension, the particles can often be filtered.
A true solution does not scatter light significantly (Tyndall effect), but a suspension scatters light because of its larger particles.
True solutions are stable and don't separate over time, whereas suspensions can separate, with particles settling at the bottom.
Molecular or ionic, very small
Larger, often visible
Heterogeneous, particles may settle
Particles cannot be filtered out
Particles can often be filtered out
Does not scatter light (Tyndall effect absent)
Scatters light due to larger particles
Stable, does not separate over time
Can separate over time, with particles settling
True Solution and Suspension Definitions
A stable mixture that does not settle or separate upon standing.
Alcohol in water is a true solution that remains consistent over time.
A mixture that scatters light due to the presence of larger particles.
A suspension of flour in water shows the Tyndall effect when light passes through.
A homogenous mixture at a molecular or ionic level.
Saltwater is a true solution where salt is completely dissolved.
A mixture where particles can often be filtered out.
In a suspension like sandy water, the sand can be filtered out.
A mixture where the solute is uniformly distributed within the solvent.
Sugar dissolved in water forms a true solution, making it indistinguishable.
A mixture where the particles are visible and not uniformly distributed.
Italian dressing is a suspension with visible herbs and oil droplets.
A mixture that does not scatter light due to the small size of its particles.
A true solution like air does not show the Tyndall effect.
A heterogeneous mixture with larger particles that may settle over time.
Mud in water is a suspension as the mud particles will eventually settle.
A solution where the solute particles are too small to be seen or filtered out.
In a true solution like dissolved oxygen in water, the particles are invisible.
A mixture that is not stable and separates upon standing.
Paint is a suspension that requires stirring as it separates over time.
Do suspensions scatter light?
Yes, suspensions scatter light due to larger particle size.
What is a true solution?
A homogenous mixture at a molecular or ionic level.
Can true solutions be filtered?
No, the particles in a true solution are too small to filter.
Can the components of a true solution be separated easily?
No, separating components in a true solution is complex.
Does the Tyndall effect occur in true solutions?
No, true solutions do not show the Tyndall effect.
What is a suspension?
A heterogeneous mixture with larger particles that may settle.
Are true solutions always clear?
Generally, yes, because the particles are too small to see.
Is blood a true solution or a suspension?
Blood is a suspension due to the presence of cells and other particles.
How does temperature affect a true solution?
Temperature can affect the solubility of solutes in true solutions.
What is an example of a true solution in daily life?
A common example is a dissolved CO2 in carbonated beverages.
Are true solutions always liquid?
No, air is an example of a gaseous true solution.
Why do suspensions need to be shaken?
To redistribute the particles that have settled.
What causes a suspension to be cloudy?
The larger, visible particles in a suspension cause cloudiness.
Is smoke a true solution or a suspension?
Smoke is a suspension as it contains particles in the air.
How can a suspension be identified?
By its cloudy appearance and particle settling upon standing.
Do particles in a suspension settle over time?
Yes, the larger particles in a suspension can settle.
Are suspensions stable mixtures?
No, suspensions can separate and are not stable over time.
Can suspensions be homogenized?
Temporarily, by stirring or shaking, but they will eventually separate.
Is a saltwater solution a true solution or suspension?
Saltwater is a true solution as salt is completely dissolved.
Can a true solution be colored?
Yes, if the dissolved substance imparts color, like copper sulfate in water.
Written byJanet White
Janet White has been an esteemed writer and blogger for Difference Wiki. Holding a Master's degree in Science and Medical Journalism from the prestigious Boston University, she has consistently demonstrated her expertise and passion for her field. When she's not immersed in her work, Janet relishes her time exercising, delving into a good book, and cherishing moments with friends and family.
Edited byHarlon Moss
Harlon is a seasoned quality moderator and accomplished content writer for Difference Wiki. An alumnus of the prestigious University of California, he earned his degree in Computer Science. Leveraging his academic background, Harlon brings a meticulous and informed perspective to his work, ensuring content accuracy and excellence.


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What is abstraction in computing? Give an example of how it works.
Abstraction is when functionality of some parts of a system are hidden from other parts of the system. For example, when a driver starts his car - he does not need to know about the inner workings of a combustion engine, he simply turns his key and the ignition starts. In this example the engines functionality is hidden from the driver.
If you would like to explain to someone how your day has been, which tense would you use? What are the three tenses?
I would speak in the past tense. The 3 tenses are past, present and future.
What is a pre-processor directive in C# and how would you use one?
A pre-processor directive indicates code that should be executed before compilation begins. We indicate pre-processor directives by following a line of white space with a # character.


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Three new traits for canola, which can increase crop yields and reduce harmful environmental impacts, has been developed by Cibus, a biotechnology company that has pioneered precision gene editing for agriculture. The new traits pertain to pod shatter, resistance to Sclerotinia, and weed control.
The new traits precisely edit the canola genome to reduce pod shatter, the tendency of canola seed pods to open pre-harvest that can reduce yields by as much 40 percent; build resistance to Sclerotinia, a disease called white mold, that can reduce yields by as much as 50 percent; and introduce an improved weed control system, as competition with weeds for nutrients and sunlight can reduce yield of canola.
Greg Gocal, Ph.D., Chief Scientific Officer and Executive Vice President of Cibus said they are currently working on important traits to improve farming of rice, corn, wheat, soybeans, and potatoes to address major inefficiencies in crops due to disease, insects, and weeds.
Read full, original article: Crop Biotech Update November 13, 2019


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example, a user divides a number by zero. This compiles successfully, but there is an exception or runtime error that causes our applications to crash. To avoid this, we will introduce exception handling methods in our code. try block Code that ...
- Security Header Is Not Valid Paypal Error
- Fatal Error C1083 Cannot Open Precompiled Header
stdafx.h When using Visual Studio, VC ++ there is always a new project at the top of each CPP file. #include "stdafx.h" . This file has a role. Their principles and some problems encountered during use are described below. Introduction Stdafx, the full name of the extensions to the standard application environment, an extension of the standard reference infrastructure. is actually a precompilation of header files. We know that C ++ files must be precompiled, including overriding macro definitions, conditional compilation, and #include files. Here you will find precompilation of some MFC header ...
- Explain What Is Physical Memory And Virtual Memory
Virtual memory is an area of secondary storage space in a computer system (for example, a hard disk or solid state drive) that behaves as if it were part of the system's main storage or main storage. , Ideally, the data needed to run applications is stored in RAM, where the processor can quickly access them. However, when large applications are running or many applications are running at the same time, system RAM may be full. To work around this problem, some data stored in RAM that is not actively used can be temporarily moved to virtual ...


Fixed or Variable Rates?
The northeastern part of the United States has seen some of the most wide-spread severe weather in nearly a century. This unusual record-breaking weather pattern has caused many Pennsylvania and New York residents to see a steep increase in their energy and electric bills. In the wake of the storm, many consumers question which rates are best: fixed or variable rates.
Limited energy supply for generators has put a strain on the electricity market. As a result, all forms of energy generation were affected including coal, nuclear plants and gas, causing several suppliers to shut-down and even close their doors forever.
Weather Affects Electricity Market Prices
These challenges were first felt in the earlier part of January, with temperatures diving into the lower teens and upper single digits. The power usage was at a seasonal high as many residents and businesses tried to keep warm and the demand for electricity quickly outgrew the ability to supply. Generators struggled to supply the grid and broke down, and those that did not could only do so at increased cost due to rising gas prices.
How is this possible, why are electric generators suddenly allowed to charge more and what effect did that have on fixed and variable rates?
Electric generators rely on natural gas sources to generate and provide electricity to the grid. The rules instated by the PJM require that all generators that have committed to supply power must bid their plant's output into the regional electric market. This means that the wholesale market generally reflects generators' costs and the lowest bids win the right to supply required power each hour. To protect consumers, The PJM placed a price cap limiting bids to below $1000 per (MWH) Megawatt hour. For example, last year the average wholesale price in PJM was around $42 per MWH, according to the Energy Information Administration. With severe cold weather driving the demand higher, the PJM began accepting bids of $999 per MWH to cope with the demand, and significantly increased the rates for those with variable rates.
The demand for gas by generators drove up the price of gas. With this increase in gas prices came the soaring increase of natural gas prices, transportation costs and gas line issues, resulting in a substantial rise in cost to generate electricity. The existing cap imposed by PJM Interconnection Inc (PJM) that limited generators from increasing costs above $1000 per MWH was lifted until March 31st, 2014, allowing generators to bid upwards of $1200 per MWH.
PJM said in its petition to FERC. "Generators cannot lawfully be required to buy fuel at a cost of many millions of dollars for the purpose of generating power and selling it at a loss."
Wholesale Market Reflects Generator Costs
The wholesale market is directly reflective of the generators costs and due to these increases the hourly spot-market, prices rose several cents during January and tripled in price compared to the same time last year, as reported by PJM. Due to this unforeseen shift in climate, customers experienced excessively high bills as the generator's costs filtered down to the consumer. Those most affected were wholesale consumers, customers with variable rates and suppliers.
Fixed vs. Variable Rates
Is this upheaval a reason to shift to fixed rates or are variable rates still a better way to go?
Fixed rates: contracts offer the same rate no matter how the market fluctuates. These fixed rate contracts typically last for 2 or more years and require the energy supplier to hedge energy on your behalf. This means they are buying your entire projected energy usage for the term of the agreement well in advance. Although this gives some energy customers stability, if the variable market is too volatile for their liking, it also comes with some heavy commitments. In a fixed rate setting, any customers wishing to leave a fixed contract may bear the expense of heavy cancellation fees calculated by the remaining months left in their contract. This type of rate does give the customer security but on the flipside while others are enjoying low variable rates, fixed rate consumers may be paying more than double for this luxury.
Variable rates: customers' bills are based on the market price and are considered on a month-to-month basis. Since the supplier is buying on the wholesale market these contracts typically have no cancellation fees and risk-free contracts. A customer has the freedom and flexibility to leave if they found a preferable option elsewhere without risk or cost (plus possible rebates and other incentives). However, in some cases, most recently seen in January 2014 where the cold weather increased wholesale pricing, a customer on a variable rate can be subject to some hefty energy bills. Cases like these often have an impact and can create a trend of consumers frantically signing up for any fixed rate contract they can get into. But, buyers should be aware of this sudden shifts' implication, because when the wholesale market does drop consumers will then find themselves stuck in long, fixed term contracts. Some will experience regret as they discover that neighbors who rode out the storm are now paying low electric rates.
Discover the difference between fixed and variable rates here .
Despite recent severe weather, variable rates can still be considered a viable option for consumers looking for competitive rates for their electricity needs. With a variable rate consumers can pay much less than consumers who are locked into fixed rates.
If you're thinking of moving to a fixed rate from variable rates, bear in mind that the switching process can take between 30-60 days before any changes are reflected on your bill. For those who have switched over to fixed contracts, you could be tied into a plan with hefty exit fees and may experience buyer's remorse as we move into warmer months and the variable rates back at a lower price.
Thank you for reading!
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Direct Steam Injection Benefits vs. Steam Sparging
Like the JetCooker™, the sparger heating device relies on the steam from the plant steam supply. Piping from a steam header directs the steam through a steam sparging nozzle that is located in the process fluid pipe. A common sparging nozzle consists of several holes which allow steam to enter the process fluid and heat it to the desired temperature.
An inefficient SpargerSparging Drawbacks
A steam sparging system has several disadvantages when compared to the Jetcooker:
 - Inconsistent steam mixing and heat transfer leading to product inconsistency and wasted energy
 - Nozzle clogging which requires maintenance
 - Steam hammer leading to process equipment failure
 - Imprecise temperature control which translates to higher energy cost
Spargers rely on external modulation by means of a valve to control steam flow and thus process fluid temperature. This type of operation can lead to steam hammer or unit vibration as the steam mixes with the process fluid in the piping or tank. Over time, this can contribute to equipment wear, piping damage and lead to poor performance.
Why Should I Replace My Steam Sparging System?
Replacing a steam sparging system is an investment in a long future of successful heating. By removing product inconsistency, reducing maintenance & eliminating steam hammer, our Hydroheaters have already made your heating process more efficient. But how can you justify this investment in terms of ROI? Learn exactly how much you can save on operating cost and improve your bottom line with our Steam Energy Savings Calculator.
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Instantaneous Steam Mixing in a Hydroheater
Another major difference between the Hydroheater and a steam sparging nozzle can be seen in the mixing process. The Jetcooker utilizes a single nozzle which focuses the incoming steam and accelerates it to a very high velocity (usually sonic velocity) before it comes into contact with the process fluid. This high velocity helps to atomize the steam bubbles and shear the incoming process fluid, which allows for a more complete, efficient heat transfer.
Tank Damage due to a Sparger Closeup of Tank Damage due to a Sparger
Spargers can cause significant damage to your tank walls
Steam Sparging vs. Hydroheaters Comparison Chart
Typical Tank Heating Hydroheater® Tank Heating
With spargers and other less sophisticated direct steam heaters, bubbles form and collapse on tank walls; causing hammer and damage to the tank and peripheral piping. The Hydroheater's patented technology produces steam velocity that mixes steam and water very effectively, eliminating steam hammer from uncondensed steam. This ensures a smooth and efficient heating process.
Spargers inject steam into one area of the tank, causing hot and cold spots. Both spargers & heat exchangers tend to over or under heat and accurate temperature control is difficult.
Hydroheaters precisely modulate the steam - heating to exact temperatures and maintaining uniform heating throughout the tank. Hydroheaters can be used to fill or recirc/trim heat the tank to meet and maintain exact temperatures. Hydroheaters can also heat the discharge on demand, so you only heat the water you need in a single pass.
Sparging causes uncondensed steam bubbles to evaporate to the atmosphere, wasting large amounts of energy. This lost heat/condensate can also corrode peripheral piping, ceilings and structure. This lost steam can cause hazardous mold & other allergens to build in an area. Less steam used: Hydroheaters use less steam than heat exchangers because they don't have a barrier between liquids. Better heat transfer: Hydroheaters transfer 100% of the steam's energy directly to the process fluid so there is no energy loss. Faster start-up: Hydroheaters heat the tanks faster and more efficiently saving cycle or batch time.
Spargers can cause severe hammering and vibration which produces tank and piping damage. Heat exchangers require costly hard water scale maintenance and unwanted down time. Less sophisticated direct steam injection devices often need acid baths and are often high in maintenance needs.
Patented technology to create sonic velocity of steam prevents hard water scale and unwanted down time. Proper sizing of the heaters and internal modulation ensures a smooth heating process so tanks and peripheral pipes are not damaged from hammer and vibration. The heater itself only needs a once a year preventative maintenance check and soft parts change. Wear parts should last up to 3 years with proper operating conditions.
Utilizing less steam, space, time means faster cycle times and less costs associated with heating tanks.
Looking for more information on our products? Head over to our products page.
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Waukesha, WI 53188 USA
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This document describes principles and tools to control a manufacturing process in accordance with a GPS specification. For this purpose a set of one or more complementary, independent characteristics (size, form, orientation, and location characteristics independent to each other) that correlate to the manufacturing process parameters and to the manufacturing process coordinate system established from the manufacturing datum system are used.
This document describes the concept of decomposition of the macro-geometrical part of the GPS specification. It does not cover the micro-geometry, i.e. surface texture.
The objective of the decomposition presented in this document is to define correction values for manufacturing control or to perform a statistical analysis of the process.


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When you are considered a career in the military you need to take the ASVAB test. But each branch of the military has different ASVAB requirements that you need to meet. They are different levels of education that you must reach to take the test. But you also need to score a certain amount of points on that ASVAB test to gain access into the branch you desire.
A military brat is a colloquial term for a child with at least one parent who served as an active duty member (vice reserve) in the armed forces. Children of armed forces members may move around to different military bases or international postings, which gives them a childhood differing from the norm. Unlike common usage of the term brat, when it is used in this context, it is not necessarily a derogatory term.
After the final ability estimate is computed, it is converted to a standard score on the ASVAB score scale that has been statistically linked to the ability estimate through a process called equating. Equating studies are conducted for every paper and pencil ASVAB form to ensure that scores have the same meaning regardless of which test form the examinee receives.


English version
mast in Water topic
From Longman Dictionary of Contemporary Englishmastmast /mɑːst $ mæst/ ●○○ noun [countable] 1 TTWa tall pole on which the sails or flags on a ship are hung2 British EnglishTCB a tall metal tower that sends out radio and television signals a radio mast3 DTBa tall pole on which a flag is hung half-mast
Examples from the Corpus
mastI wanted to jump down from a mast and land right in her, but I kept my promise to Remi.He stood there like a mast.In addition, mast cells in normal colon, adenoma, or carcinoma samples consistently showed strong positive staining for cytochrome P450 3A.And, rotors are smaller than masts and sails.When Nick proposed an improved way of setting the masts in place, Mr Ching balked at the suggestion.On Brother and Toyota machines, just let the yarn hang between the yarn mast and the edge of the knitting.


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The Nutcracker and The Mouse King This carefully crafted ebook: "The Nutcracker and The Mouse King" is formatted for your eReader with a functional and detailed table of contents.
The Nutcracker and the Mouse King (German: Nussknacker und Mausekönig) is a story written in 1816 by E. T. A. Hoffmann in which young Marie Stahlbaum's favorite Christmas toy, the Nutcracker, comes alive and, after defeating the evil Mouse King in battle, whisks her away to a magical kingdom populated by dolls.
Wonders upon Wonders
The Story of the Hard Nut
The Story of the Hard Nut Continued
Conclusion of the Story of the Hard Nut
The Uncle and Nephew
The Puppet Kingdom
E.T.A. Hoffmann, original name Ernst Theodor Wilhelm Hoffmann (1776 — 1822), German writer, composer, and painter known for his stories in which supernatural and sinister characters move in and out of men's lives, ironically revealing tragic or grotesque sides of human nature.


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The Exploration Academy serves underrepresented fifth-grade students in the greater Houston area. Students participating in the program at Space Center Houston engage in hands-on activities related to space, aerospace and science and visit the Astronaut Training Facility and Rocket Park at NASA's Johnson Space Center.
Through project-based STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) learning experiences, Exploration Academy seeks to develop those students who show great potential in the field of science but would benefit from additional instruction in order to meet that potential.
Students engage in hands-on, experience-based, and project-based learning to improve their skills in scientific inquiry while they explore practical applications of science. Activities are aligned with Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS).
On a recent visit, students learned about black holes in space where gravity pulls so much that even light cannot get out.
"We are always excited to see the Varnett students arrive and look forward to several more weeks of authentic hands-on learning," said Ms. Phyllis Friello, education manager at Space Center Houston.


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Are Nordost cables directional?
Yes, Nordost cables are directional. This is especially true for single ended (RCA) interconnects as the shield is connected at the source or output end only.
Which way do directional arrows point on Nordost cables?
The directional arrows always point away from the source. For example, from a CD player to an amplifier, the arrows should point towards the preamplifier or power amplifier. On a speaker cable the arrows would always point towards the loudspeaker
How can cables be directional?
When cables are manufactured they do not have any directionality. However, as they break in, they acquire directionality.
Although the cable signal is an alternating current, small impurities in the conductor act as diodes allowing signal flow to be better in one direction over time. This effect is also called quantum tunneling, which has been observed in experiments over 25 years ago. Regardless of the purity of the metal used, there are still diode effects in all conductors. In addition, the insulation material will change when it is subjected to an electrical field.


Tuareg (Tamasheq, Tamajaq, Tamahaq)
Tuareg is a Berber language or a number of closely-related languages spoken in parts of Mali, Niger, Algeria, Libya and Burkina Faso by the Tuareg people, and by some Kinnin people in Chad. The total number of speakers is about 1.2 million.
Tuareg is traditionally written with the Tifinagh alphabet, which is now mainly used to write magical formulae, writing on palms when silence is required, and for letter-writing. The Arabic alphabet is also used in some areas, and has been since the Middle Ages, and different versions of the Latin alphabet are used in Mali and Niger.
Tuareg alphabets and pronunciation
Tamasheq alphabet
This is the official alphabet for Tamasheq in Mali. It was adopted in 1967 and modified in 1982.
Tamasheq alphabet as used in Mali
Tamajaq alphabet
This is the official alphabet for Tamajaq in Niger and it was adopted in 1999.
Tamajaq alphabet as used in Niger
Sample text in Tamasheq
Mdan ddunt tiwen llullin, ulan s lhəq. Ǧrawən tayətte d man full ed nmərtayən s taññət.
Tamasheq sample text in the Neo-Tifinagh alphabet
Sample text in Tamasheq in the Neo-Tifinagh alphabet
Source: _URL_
Tower of Babel in Tamasheq
Information about Tuareg languages and people
Berber languages
Ancient Berber, Guanche, Kabyle, Tamazight, Tuareg
Other languages written with the Latin alphabet
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A Mineral Classifier can be used to identify the minerals just by looking at their photographs without any need of human intervention and can thus help humans in mineral exploration. It can help metals and mining industry speed up the mineral identification process and will also help in finding the new drill targets.
Table of Content
- Introduction to cAInvas
- Source of Data
- Data Visualization and Analysis
- Trainset-TestSet Creation
- Model Training
- Introduction to DeepC
- Compilation with DeepC
Introduction to cAInvas
cAInvas is an integrated development platform to create intelligent edge devices. Not only we can train our deep learning model using Tensorflow, Keras or Pytorch, we can also compile our model with its edge compiler called DeepC to deploy our working model on edge devices for production.
The Mineral Classification model which we are going to talk about, is also developed on cAInvas. All the dependencies which you will be needing for this project are also pre-installed.
cAInvas also offers various other deep learning notebooks in its gallery which one can use for reference or to gain insight about deep learning. It also has GPU support and which makes it the best in its kind.
Source of Data
While working on cAInvas one of its key features is UseCases Gallary. When working on any of its UseCases you don't have to look for data manually. As they have the feature to import the dataset to your workspace when you work on them. To load the data we just have to enter the following commands:
Running the above command will load the labelled data in your workspace which you will use for model training.
Data Visualization and Data Analysis
Next step in the pipeline is to visualize and analyze our data so as to gain intuition about data and what we are dealing with. For this we printed out first 20 samples of data from dataset which consisted of seven different classes of images. For this we ran the following command:
Next we checked for any class imbalance in our data. So we plotted a bar graph. The bar graph is shown below:
As we can see that the data set is balanced. Next we obtained the maximum height and width of the image and mean height and width of the images present in our dataset. For this we ran the following command:
Next we will create the train and test dataset for training our deep learning model. For this we will use ImageDataGenerator Module of the Keras Image Preprocessing Library. This will load the images along with their labels for us in a format which is recognizable by Keras for further training process.
We simply have to create the train_generator and test_generator and then when we run them they will create the dataset for us. The following commands will give you an idea on how to create the train dataset and then you will be able to create the testset on your own.
After creating the dataset next step is to pass our training data for our Deep Learning model to learn to identify or classify different classes of images. The model architecture used was:
Model: "model" _________________________________________________________________ Layer (type) Output Shape Param # ================================================================= input_1 (InputLayer) [(None, 224, 224, 3)] 0 _________________________________________________________________ block1_conv1 (Conv2D) (None, 224, 224, 64) 1792 _________________________________________________________________ block1_conv2 (Conv2D) (None, 224, 224, 64) 36928 _________________________________________________________________ block1_pool (MaxPooling2D) (None, 112, 112, 64) 0 _________________________________________________________________ block2_conv1 (Conv2D) (None, 112, 112, 128) 73856 _________________________________________________________________ block2_conv2 (Conv2D) (None, 112, 112, 128) 147584 _________________________________________________________________ block2_pool (MaxPooling2D) (None, 56, 56, 128) 0 _________________________________________________________________ block3_conv1 (Conv2D) (None, 56, 56, 256) 295168 _________________________________________________________________ block3_conv2 (Conv2D) (None, 56, 56, 256) 590080 _________________________________________________________________ block3_conv3 (Conv2D) (None, 56, 56, 256) 590080 _________________________________________________________________ block3_pool (MaxPooling2D) (None, 28, 28, 256) 0 _________________________________________________________________ block4_conv1 (Conv2D) (None, 28, 28, _PHONE_ _________________________________________________________________ block4_conv2 (Conv2D) (None, 28, 28, _PHONE_ _________________________________________________________________ block4_conv3 (Conv2D) (None, 28, 28, _PHONE_ _________________________________________________________________ block4_pool (MaxPooling2D


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Definitions of solace
v. t. - Comfort in grief; alleviation of grief or anxiety; also, that which relieves in distress; that which cheers or consoles; relief. 2
v. t. - Rest; relaxation; ease. 2
n. - To cheer in grief or under calamity; to comfort; to relieve in affliction, solitude, or discomfort; to console; -- applied to persons; as, to solace one with the hope of future reward. 2
n. - To allay; to assuage; to soothe; as, to solace grief. 2
v. i. - To take comfort; to be cheered. 2
The word "solace" uses 6 letters: A C E L O S.
No direct anagrams for solace found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after solace (in bold), or to acelos in any order:
d - coleads solaced h - loaches i - celosia j - cajoles l - callose locales p - escalop r - claroes coalers escolar oracles recoals solacer s - solaces t - lactose locates talcose v - alcoves coevals
Shorter words found within solace:
ace aces ae al ale alec alecs ales aloe aloes als also as calo calos case cel cels close coal coals col cola colas cole coles cols cos el els es la lac lace laces lacs las lase lea leas lo loca lose oca ocas oe oes ole olea oles os ose sac sae sal sale scale sea seal sec sel sloe so socle sol sola sole
List shorter words within solace, sorted by length
All words formed from solace by changing one letter
Browse words starting with solace by next letter


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Have you ever played with Baby Alive? Perhaps you have one and you have ran out of food for the doll. The Baby Alive food is quite expensive. This how-to will save a lot of your money and most ingredients can be found in your kitchen.
- 3 tbsp baking soda
- 3 tbsp water
- 3 drops food coloring
1First, get out a mixing bowl. Then, add three tablespoons of baking soda in the bowl, making sure you don't add too much or too little.
2After the baking soda has been added into the bowl, pour in three tablespoons of water.
3Once you have poured the baking soda and water into the mixing bowl, you should have a delicious mixture for your Baby Alive. To give the mixture some color, add three drops of food coloring into the bowl.
4Using a spoon, stir the mixture until the contents are completely blended in. While being careful not to spill it and make a mess, serve the food to your Baby Alive doll.
- To make the Baby Alive juice, mix water with food coloring of any color. Pour it into an empty water bottle. After capping the bottle, shake it well and give it to your Baby Alive doll.
- If you don't have food coloring, mix the baking soda and water together.
- To preserve the food, add three teaspoons of salt and place the bowl of food in a refrigerator. Use when desired.
- You can also use sorbitol - a sugar substitute found in health food stores - for the Baby Alive doll's food.
- If you don't have baking soda, mix water and food coloring together.
- Choose warm or hot water to prevent the doll from getting clogged up.
- If you clog your baby alive because you used to much baking soda... Use Apple cider vinegar! Give your baby a rinse with water and then go to the poo hole lol. It will looked very clogged with baking soda. That's okay though! All you need to do is grab a sharp enough object the get all of the baking soda out. after that process rinse with water
- Do not use too much baking soda or it will clog the doll.
- Do not feed your Baby Alive doll with real baby food because this will make your doll smell bad. Also, it might attract insects and small creatures.
- Make sure the mixture is smooth and creamy. If it isn't, it won't work and the doll will get clogged.
Things You'll Need
- Baby Alive bowl or regular bowl
- Baby Alive spoon or any small spoon
- Baby Alive doll
Categories: Playing with Dolls
In other languages:
Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 113,905 times.


Gears of War
Mark 1 Lancer Assault Rifle
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Redirected from Mk 1 Lancer Assault Rifle
Mark 1 Lancer Assault Rifle
Production information
Coalition of Ordered Governments
Mark 1
Automatic Assault Rifle
Technical specifications
Damage Per Hit
Magazine Size
30 rounds
Maximum Ammunition
240 rounds
Fire Mode
Ammunition Type
Rate of Fire
Low to Medium
Short to Medium
"Those things could stop a truck, as long as the recoil didn't dislocate your shoulder."
Damon Baird after discovering Savage Locust using the Retro Lancer
The Mark I Lancer Assault Rifle, dubbed the Retro Lancer[1] during the Lambent Pandemic, was the predecessor to the Mark 2 Lancer Assault Rifle.
When the Locust War began, the now outdated Mark I Lancer was still in service, but its bayonet proved less effective against the COG's new enemy. As such it was replaced by the Mark II as the COG's standard issue rifle, and old rifles became a rare sight on the battlefield. However, following the Sinking of Jacinto, when supplies started to become scarce, the Retro Lancer started cropping up in the hands of fighting forces once again. They have even been used by the Savage Drones both as primary weapons, as well as serving as the platform for their Multi-Turrets.
"The Mk I Lancer was the standard infantry assault weapon for COG forces during the later decades of the Pendulum Wars, undergoing very few modifications because of its reliability and its tolerance of a wide range of climatic conditions.
Its broad bayonet -- famed for its intimidating effect on UIR forces -- was replaced by an integral chainsaw in the Mk2 Lancer after operational experience against Locust. While the blade-type bayonet was effective against human enemies, it had difficulty penetrating the thick hide of Locust and was prone to snapping. The chainsaw modification, designed by Professor Adam Fenix a year after Emergence, was inspired by Private Tai Kaliso of 26 RTI successfully using a chainsaw to kill a Locust drone.
While the Mk II Lancer resembles the Mk I externally, an almost complete redesign was necessary to accommodate the cutting chain and drive mechanism.
— From "Small Arms of the Coalition," page 28. (Gears of War: 3 Collectible 'Bayonet')
Tai Kaliso with the Mark 1 at Aspho Fields.
The original Lancer assault rifle was utilized as the standard-issue assault rifle by Coalition of Ordered Governments forces, introduced in the later years of the Pendulum Wars. Known for its reliability, the rifle was an extremely powerful weapon, able to stop a truck, as Cpl.Damon Baird says, or even bring down a UIR Khimera attack Helicopter,[2] but it had a furious recoil caused by the powerful ammunition and very short barrel. The Mark 1 Lancer was used by COG armed forces even past Emergence Day.
However, a year following Emergence Day, COG soldiers found the Lancer that served them faithfully for so many years was now obsolete against the Locust Horde. Being very powerful, there was never any question that it could kill a Locust ballistics wise, but the tough skin of the Locust often deflected the bayonet, or even caused it to snap off. With great force, a Gear can kill a Locust with the Lancer, with a running charge to produce momentum to puncture the tough hide, and then lifting the victim up after the charge to get the knife to penetrate deep enough to actually kill the thing. Unfortunately, the Locusts' preference for close-quarters combat magnified the problem, and Gears simply couldn't respond quick enough to violent CQC attacks from Locust troops.
The ineffective knife bayonet combined with the Lancer's low rate of fire and massive recoil led to the need to redesign the Lancer assault rifle. Inspired by Gear Tai Kaliso who improvised use of a chainsaw to kill a Locust soldier, Marcus Fenix discussed the idea with his father, Professor Adam Fenix. Soon after, the Mark 2 Lancer Assault Rifle was developed, incorporating more accurate fire, less recoil, a reticule sight and a chainsaw bayonet; the phase out of the old rifle was 90% complete by the Battle of Halvo Bay, and most COG Battalions were outfitted with the new Lancer.
Dominic Santiago firing a Retro Lancer.
Seventeen years later, after the Sinking of Jacinto, the original Lancer re-surfaced. Savage Locust also began scavenging any resource available, including the Retro Lancer, which became a staple weapon among their more common warriors while others became the Savage Locust's improvised turrets. Savage Drones were exclusively armed with Retro Lancers. It also went back into the hands of Gears a few times. Now dubbed the "Retro Lancer", it also became a popular weapon among the Stranded gangs as a defensive weapon, and used to make traps.
"These blades are useless, we need something that can actually cut these assholes!"
— Marcus Fenix.
Retro Lancer
A Retro Lancer.
The most crucial and perhaps the only needed, attachment to the Retro Lancer was the blade-bayonet. As the predecessor to the Chainsaw Bayonet, the blade-bayonet was significantly weaker in comparison to its counterpart's motorized chainsaw but with enough brute force behind a charge, a Retro Lancer user could easily kill an opponent.[3]
The Bayonet can, of course, be detached and used as an all-purpose survival knife for hunting, clearing path through vegetation like a machete, or just a weapon in its own right.
Another attachment was known as the "Gut-Puncher" grenade launcher, which was used to fire individual grenades at a variable distance. The most notable usage of this attachment was during the Battle of Aspho Fields.
Various focal length tactical scopes could also be mounted on the sight rails of the weapon, replacing the standard iron sights of the weapon, as used in the Battle of Aspho Fields by Bernadette Mataki. [4]
Behind the ScenesEdit
Concept art for the Gears 3 Mk.1 Lancer.
 - Cliff commented that he brought the original Lancer into Gears of War 3 because of popular demand.
 - At certain Gamestops, it was possible to buy a scale version of the Retro Lancer for about $99.99 (U.S. price). The golden variant was sold in the U.K.
 - In Gears of War 2, the Retro Lancer made a cameo appearance during the opening cutscene of the game. In the scene where Queen Myrrah summarizes the last one-hundred years on Sera, Pendulum Wars soldiers using Retro Lancers appeared.
 - The Retro Lancer's Bayonet Charge is the only instant execution move in the game other than the original Lancer's chainsaw.
 - In Gears of War 3 Beta, players could unlock a golden weapon skin for the Retro Lancer after playing ninety matches. Killing 100 enemies in the Beta with it would unlock it in the full game.
The old Lancer on the Locust's Multi-Turret.
 - In Gears of War 3, the Retro Lancer is cosmetically different than the one shown in the forth image above. It sports a different knife bayonet, being more straight and clean rather than jagged and dirty, and has a slit running down the top of the knife. The generic shape of the weapon has also been refined more, being a more curved design than earlier iterations of the weapon. The barrel is also quite short in game to make it more suitable towards bayonet charges (a longer barrel as seen above could potentially get stuck inside an opponent, making it more difficult to remove after impaling someone). The back of the gun also features new detailing including worn caution striping as opposed to the metal bars sticking out on the above images. The original Retro Lancer however can still be seen in game as part of the traps used by 'Ashman' in Char and by the NPC Stranded characters in Griffin's Stranded Camp. The old design is also present on the 'weapon shelves' seen throughout the campaign, although picking one up changes it into a standard one. However the weapon icon at the top of the screen during gameplay still retains the form of the old Retro Lancer design.
 - It is one of the few weapons that could be fitted into the Savage Locust's Multi-Turret, along with the Boomshot Grenade Launcher and the Gnasher Shotgun.
 - Beware when attempting to "Retro-charge" an opponent whether you are in front or behind as the war cry that your character gives out when charging may alert your target, giving them time to maneuver out of the way.
 - Oddly enough, in Campaign the Retro Lancer doesn't have the heavy recoil that it has on Multiplayer modes. However, when aiming it still retains the inaccuracy as in Multiplayer.
 - Fire this weapon in short controlled bursts of about 2 to 3 rounds to maintain accuracy and full damage to the target.
 1. pause at 1:18
 2. Gears of War: Aspho Fields
 3. 6:40-6:55
 4. Gears of War: Aspho Fields
The Weapons and Equipment of Gears of War
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Moser research environment
The Moser research environment (Norwegian: Moser-miljøet) is the informal name of Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in Trondheim, Norway. The neuroscience research institute is founded and led by the Nobel laureates Edvard Moser and May-Britt Moser since 1996. The Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience comprises two research centres: Centre for Neural Computation (CNC), a centre of excellence since 2002; and the Egil and Pauline Braathen and Fred Kavli Centre for Cortical Microcircuits (BKC).
The Moser research environment was established in 1996 as the neuroscience research group and laboratory of the Mosers at the Department of Psychology, NTNU. In 2002 their research group was given the status of a centre of excellence by the Research Council of Norway, and thus became a separate entity under the name Centre for the Biology of Memory (CBM), with government funding for ten years. The discovery of "grid cells" was made at CBM in 2005; the Mosers received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for this discovery in 2014 together with John O'Keefe.
In 2012 the Research Council of Norway granted the Mosers another centre of excellence, known as the Centre for Neural Computation (Norwegian: Senter for nevrale nettverk). CMB was later continued as the Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience. The institute is also popularly known as the Moser Institute.
The stated scientific goal is "to advance our understanding of neural circuits and systems and their role in generating psychological functions. By focusing on spatial representation and memory, we expect to uncover general principles of neural network computation in the mammalian cortex."
The Moser research environment receives more than 90% of its funding from the Norwegian government. This includes centres of excellence funded by the Research Council of Norway, support from the university's own budget, and an annual major basic research grant from the government. The research environment has received smaller private donations; in 2007 CMB received an additional donation from the Kavli Foundation in the United States, and it has also received a donation by heiress Pauline Braathen. After the CBM funding expired in 2012, the Research Council of Norway appointed a new Centre of Excellence at the institute with funding until 2022, thus establishing the Centre for Neural Computation (CNC) in January 2013. The CNC co-exists with the institute which complements the shorter-term projects at CBM/CNC, pursuing questions that demand a longer experimental time frame, aimed, ultimately, "to improve life and health by advancing the science of human cognition".
- Nobel Prize 2014
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience Kavlifoundation.org. In 2007, Moser and Moser's research centre became a Kavli institute: The Kavli Institute do the fifteenth in the world, the fourth within neuroscience, the third in Europe, the first and only in Norway. Retrieved 6 October 2014 Archived at WebCite.
- Who we are and what we want NTNU. Retrieved 6 October 2014. Archived at WebCite.
- "Moser-elev i gjev forsker-finale". NRK. 2019-10-05.
Kavli-instituttet, også godt kjent som Moser-instituttet