In Appreciation: Jeri Logemann
In Appreciation II
Jerilyn (Jeri) Logemann, ASHA 1994 and 2000 president and a world-renowned researcher in speech-language pathology, died at age 72 on June 19, 2014, in her home surrounded by friends.
Logemann_web
After obtaining her bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees from Northwestern University, Logemann joined the faculty and became one of the most influential leaders in her field. A prolific scholar, she contributed groundbreaking books, journal articles, workshops, conference presentations and seminars on the management of voice disorders, normal swallowing physiology, and the assessment and treatment of speech and swallowing in patients with head and neck cancer and those with neurological impairments.
Logemann was the Ralph and Jean Sundin professor of communication sciences and disorders at Northwestern University, and professor of otolaryngology and neurology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, where she directed the Voice, Speech and Language Service and Swallowing Center.
A pioneer in the development of techniques for effective assessment and treatment of speech and swallowing disorders, she—with Hilda Fisher—developed the Fisher-Logemann Test of Articulation Competence, and she developed the modified barium swallow test. Regarded as the leading authority in swallowing disorders, her research was continuously funded by the National Institutes of Health and other agencies for more than 30 years. Always concerned with improving speech-language pathology clinical service, Logemann formed the Clinical Sciences and Disorders Clinical Trials Research Group in 1995 to assist in the design and conduct of large-scale treatment studies of speech, language, learning, voice, swallowing, hearing and balance disorders.
Logemann was a Fellow of ASHA and the Chicago Medical Society, and received ASHA Honors, the association's highest award. She served the university as chair of the department, and twice as chair of the Northwestern University Faculty.
Logemann's relentless passion and commitment to her work; skilled leadership; inventive, indomitable and optimistic spirit despite relentless physical challenges; and her loyalty and generosity will be sorely missed by her patients, students, friends and colleagues.
She is survived by her cousin, Ruth Fruland, of Sheridan, Ill.
Gifts in her memory can be made to the Communication Sciences and Disorders Clinical Trials Research Group:
David Lilienfeld, Treasurer
CSDRG
13412 Pantera Road
San Diego, CA 92130-1022
Checks should be made payable to CSDRG. Should you wish to receive a tax deductible receipt, please indicate your return address.
Tanya M. Gallagher, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Speech and Hearing Science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
"In Appreciation" is an occasional ASHASphere feature highlighting the lives and accomplishments of leaders in communication sciences and disorders.
In Appreciation: Glenda J. Ochsner
In Appreciation II
Glenda J. Ochsner, 2003 ASHA president, died May 29, 2014, at age 72.
Ochsner_web
An Oklahoma native, Glenda earned her bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees at the University of Oklahoma. A speech-language pathologist, she started her long career in academics at the University of North Texas (Denton) in 1968.
Glenda returned to Oklahoma in 1969 to accept a position in the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders at the John W. Keys Speech and Hearing Center at the University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, where she taught for the next 25 years and served asdepartment chair from 1987 to 1994. She then served as dean of health, social sciences and human behavior at Oklahoma City Community College (1994–1998). She began teaching in the Honors College in 1996 and the College of Liberal Studies in 2001 at the University of Oklahoma Norman Campus, and continued to serve both programs until her death.
Glenda received numerous teaching awards, including the prestigious David Ross Boyd Professorship, given to recognize teaching excellence at the University of Oklahoma. Her classes were widely sought by students on both the Norman and Health Sciences Center campuses.
Her teaching skills were not limited to the formal classroom. She served for more than a decade as coordinator of interdisciplinary diagnostic and treatment planning teams dealing with orofacial anomalies and language development on the Health Sciences Center campus, which have served as models for similar teams.
Despite demanding teaching and clinical service commitments, Glenda was active in research and in the training of student researchers. During her tenure at the university, she directed doctoral dissertations, numerous master's theses and senior papers, and served on many planning and examining committees. In addition, she has mentored doctoral students who have participated with her in ongoing research projects, many of which have been grant-supported.
A consummate professional, Glenda served on major committees and boards relating to training and provision of services to people with communication disorders at both the federal and state levels. She was a leader in the profession, serving as president of the Oklahoma Speech-Language-Hearing Association and as president of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association in 2003. Her dedication to high standards is shown in her service as chair of the Oklahoma Board of Examiners for Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology.
Glenda's ability to attract federal and private support for the department programs in communication sciences and disorders contributed materially to their rise in national standing, enabling the university to compete with other programs for high-quality students and provide access to emerging technology.
Throughout her long career, Glenda had a strong commitment to quality patient care. She gave her support to the first licensing law in speech-language pathology and audiology in Oklahoma. She was appointed to chair that board and was regarded as highly effective in her term. Glenda Ochsner's expertise and dedication is a testament to the high quality of leadership she gave to the profession.
Glenda also was a strong supporter of the arts, so much so that she earned a second master's degree in 2005 in theatre and museum management to become better equipped to serve her community. She expended much time and energy working with and providing financial backing to various fine arts and performing arts groups in Yukon, Okla.
Survivors include her mother, Mary Jane Ochsner; life partner, James G. Schmaelzle of Yukon, Okla.; adopted son, Ryan B. Tigner of Yukon, Okla.; cousins; and a host of colleagues and friends.
James G. Schmaelzle, MCD, CCC-A is an audiologist in Yukon, Okla.
_EMAIL_

"In Appreciation" is an occasional ASHASphere feature highlighting the lives and accomplishments of leaders in communication sciences and disorders.
Robot Turtles: A Fun Way to Target Social Communication and Coding Skills
maxresdefault
If you are looking for a fun way to target social communication skills, as well as beginning computer programming, Robot Turtles is a great new board game you can play with your students (with or without autism). Robot Turtles requires players to use simple commands to move their turtles to capture a jewel on the game board. When students give commands, they are replicating the process computer programmers use to give instructions for a computer to execute. Games, in general, provide opportunities for social communication; Robot Turtles in particular involves specific interactions between the game players that enable more opportunities for social communication. For students who show an interest in games and computers, playing Robot Turtles can be a highly engaging way to practice social communication. Check out this video.
During game play, it is easy to provide students with opportunities to practice five different social communication skills:
1) Perspective taking: As turtle masters, students take the perspective of their turtles on the game board in order to decide which way to move. If they were to take their own perspectives, players may not move in the intended direction; success in the game depends on the ability to make decisions based on a different perspective.
2) Turn taking: Students also actively take turns throughout the game. Not only do they have to wait for the other turtle masters to complete their turns, but students do not actually move their own game pieces. The adult overseeing the game, otherwise known as the turtle mover, is in charge of executing the moves on the game board based on student commands.
3) Eye contact and body language: Since turtle masters don't move their own pieces, they must clearly communicate their commands to the turtle mover. This offers a good opportunity to practice politely giving directions, as well as utilizing eye contact and body language to effectively communicate and acknowledge the turtle mover.
4) Following directions: In return, the turtle mover may communicate directions for the turtle masters to follow. The turtle mover also ensure players are aware of and adhere to the rules of the game.
5) Making comments: Throughout game play, students can be encouraged to make positive comments directed specifically to other turtle masters. For example, a student could say, "Nice move. I like how you did that!" when another player makes a good move in the game. In Robot Turtles, the goal is not to have one winner; all students keep playing until they achieve the goal for that specific level. Establishing a positive atmosphere where everyone is encouraged to be successful creates a great opportunity for modeling and practicing comments.
Robot Turtles can be played with children as young as four, all the way up to middle or high school. The game has several levels so it is easy to adapt game play based on student age and experience with the game. The upper levels of the game require sophisticated logic and analytical skills to complete the challenges, while the simple levels introduce children to basic logic. Either way, social communication skills can be targeted in various ways throughout the game.
Eric Sailers, MA, CCC-SLP, is a speech-language pathologist with eight years of experience who currently works with high school students. He has an assistive technology certificate and a mobile programming certificate specializing in


text:
Temperature monitoring for In-vehicle Li-ion Battery Plants
The DTSX uses fiber optic cables to securely monitor temperature distribution in real time, and up to 50 longitudinal kilometers. It enables long distance and wide range temperature monitoring, which was difficult with the conventional point type sensors and thermal cameras. It realizes early detection of abnormal facilities and allows for preventive maintenance. The DTSX supports HSE (Health, Safety, Environment) and maintenance of industrial plants and social infrastructures, contributing to safe use and operation. This video introduces a solution to a manufacturing plant of the lithium-ion batteries that are used in EVs and hybrid automobiles necessary for carbon-free society.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Wharton Customer Analytics
Research Paper Series
Portfolio Dynamics for Customers of a Multi-Service Provider
Multi-service providers, such as telecommunication and financial service companies, can benefit from understanding how customers' service portfolios evolve over the course of their relationships. This can provide guidance for managerial issues such as customer valuation and predicting customers' future behavior, whether it is acquiring additional services, selectively dropping current services, or ending the relationship entirely.
In this research, we develop a dynamic hidden Markov model to identify latent states that govern customers' affinity for the available services through which customers evolve. In addition, we incorporate and demonstrate the importance of separating two other sources of dynamics: portfolio inertia and service stickiness. We then examine the relationship between state membership and managerially relevant metrics, including customers' propensities for acquiring additional services or terminating the relationship, and CLV.
Through a series of illustrative vignettes, we show that customers who have discarded a particular service may have an increased risk of canceling all services in the near future (as intuition would suggest), but also may be more prone to acquire more services, a provocative finding of interest to service providers. Our findings also emphasize the need to look beyond the previous period, as utilized in much current research, and consider how customers have evolved over their entire relationship in order to predict their future actions.
Keywords: Customer Relationship Management, Dynamic Hidden Markov Model, Customer Value


This is documentation for Mathematica 8, which was
based on an earlier version of the Wolfram Language.
View current documentation (Version 11.2)
DMSList
DMSList[]
converts an angle given in decimal degrees to a DMS list .
DMSList
converts a DMS string to a DMS list .
DMSList
converts a latitude-longitude string to a pair of DMS lists.
 - DMSList supports all common DMS string formats, with delimiters such as , , , and , , .
 - DMSList returns a standardized degrees-minutes-seconds list with minute and second values between 0 and 60.
Convert an angle given in decimal degrees to :
Convert from a string:
This canonicalizes a DMS list:
Convert an angle given in decimal degrees to :
In[1]:=
Click for copyable input
Out[1]=

Convert from a string:
In[1]:=
Click for copyable input
Out[1]=

This canonicalizes a DMS list:
In[1]:=
Click for copyable input
Out[1]=
New in 7


text:
Did you miss our G+ Hangout with a National Geographic inventor? Watch our video, then check out TH Culhane's blog for detailed instructions on how to make your own motor and generator!
What could you make with a scouring pad, a paper towel, drain cleaner, and an aluminum can tab?
How about enough electricity to power a flashlight?
Join us for our next Google+ Hangout with NG Explorer and Google Science Fair judge TH Culhane at his laboratory in Germany for a do-it-yourself build-along event! In support of Girlstart's DeSTEMber focus on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, we're building an electric motor, a lemon battery, and a soda can tab that produces electricity with materials mostly found at home. The best part? You can build along with TH!
Here is the list of what you will need to get beforehand:
Safety First… Gloves and goggles!
1. Super Simple Electric Motor
C cell battery (any battery will do, AA, or AAA or D, but C is easy to hold)
A dry wall screw
A round neodymium magnet (get the big one, splurge, they only cost 3 bucks but they spin better)
A piece of wire
2. Lemon Battery
A penny (for copper)
A nail (for zinc)
Various low voltage LEDs
3. Joule Thief
A Blue or White LED (Other colors are fine, too)
2N3904 Transistor or equivalent
1k Resistor (Brown-Black-Red)
Thin wire, two colors (magnet wire works,.6mm)
Alligator clips and/or a breadboard
4. Electricity From a Soda Can Tab
Aluminum can tab (or aluminum foil)
Stainless steel scouring pad
A paper towel or a thin cleaning sponge to separate the stainless steel and the aluminum
Some drain cleaner

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Take the 2-minute tour ×
As most of you will probably know, 着 can be pronounced in many ways (depending on the context).
I'm wondering how the 着 in 爱怎么着就怎么着 (meaning: do as you like) should be pronounced. Is it zhe or zhao1, and why? I've heard some people it pronouncing zhe and some zhao1. In MDBG they use zhao1, but say it is also pronounced as zhe, but all the other dictionaries I've checked, I can only find zhe.
EDIT: In the mean-time I've found these websites where people asked for the same question: Baidu, SOSO and Xiaotieba. There doesn't seem to be a consensus, and there are no references.
share|improve this question
Could you expand MDBG? – deutschZuid Apr 30 '12 at 0:38
MDBG is a Chinese dictionary made by the internet community. Here is the entry: _URL_ – BertR Apr 30 '12 at 13:01
3 Answers 3
up vote 3 down vote accepted
Dictionaries generally only show the'standard' heteronymic readings of a Han character, rather than including all its contextual variations. This is the unwritten standard on Wiktionary as well, on which I am an admin.
As you have precisely discerned, both pronunciations are acceptable in this particular phrase; however, the'standard' reading of zhe0 would be used in a dictionary for this particular phrase instead as it applies to a wider range of contexts, whereas zhao1 is restricted to this particular context (怎么着).
See the Wiktionary entry for more information: 怎么着
share|improve this answer
Thanks for the reply! Hehe, you created that wiki page today :-) I was wondering, how do you know that zhao1 is not standard in this context? There are some words that seem to have two standard ways to pronounce (for example 暖和, 血) – BertR May 1 '12 at 6:32
Very astute observation there. Yes I did create it yesterday, based on the conventions used on the dictionary to give you an idea of how things work on there and the ability to attach usage notes. You raise a good question. I am not 100% sure why a pronunciation is considered standard (hence the quotes), but I can find an analogy in English verb entries. Why do we consider the infinitive of an English verb the 'proper dictionary form'? It probably dates back to centuries ago in the lexicographical world. Personally I think zhe0 is used because it's used in far more phrases than zhao1. – deutschZuid May 1 '12 at 22:54
... and/or zhao1 could be a more recent development and/or zhao1 could be more dialectal. Just a few guesses ;) – deutschZuid May 1 '12 at 22:57
I just remembered the term. zhao1 is considered to be an allophone of zhe0 in this case. – deutschZuid May 4 '12 at 3:22
字典经常改，其实并不总对。这里肯定是着(zhao1)了。这句话本身就是北方方言，查普通话标准发音字典里没有也不算奇怪啦:) – Shawn Wang May 28 at 1:14
I try to give you an answer from what a native speaker thinks. The two pronunciations have different meanings.
According to the dictionary, 着(zhao1) has the following definitions:
- 着 zhāo ㄓㄠˉ 1. 下棋时下一子或走一步：～法。～数。一～儿好棋。 2. 计策，办法：高～儿。没～儿了。 3. 放，搁进去：～点儿盐。 4. 应答声，表示同意：这话～哇！～，你说得真对！
You can see the closest meaning is "2. 计策，办法 -- strategy, measure". Literally, 怎么着 means "how do you handle it?" when it is pronounced as zhao1.
By contrast, 着(zhe) has the following definitions:
zhe ㄓㄜ 1. 助词，表示动作正在进行或状态的持续：走～。开～会。 2. 助词，表示程度深：好～呢！ 3. 助词，表示祈使：你听～！ 4. 助词，用在某些动词后，使变成介词：顺～。照～办。
It means '1. on-going', '2. pretty (+verb)', '3. emphasize the verb (imperative)', '4. introducing an object for an intransitive verb'.
None of the meanings is suitable for 怎么着 (how do you handle it?) However, it can mean 'how it is like.' For example, 你猜怎么着，我赢了一张免费票！Guess what (it is like), I got a free ticket. BTW, this phrase can also be pronounced as 怎么着(zhao1), because native speakers are not so strict about colloquial expressions, as long as it can be understood as the right mood and meaning.
At last, the phrase 怎么着 is mostly used in Northern China. In Southern China, a similar phrase 怎么样 or 怎么办 is often used. If you look at more examples, _URL_ you may see yourself that it doesn't make sense to pronounce as zhe. :)
share|improve this answer
As you see, there are two ways of pronouncing this character, one is zhe and the other one zhao1. They are all correct, but the only difference is in which circumstance. In this "爱怎么着就怎么着" sentence, it should pronounce as zhao1. In this "Wo3 Zheng4 Zuo4 zhe1"="I am doing it", it should pronounce zhe1.
share|improve this answer
I know that a lot of people pronounce it as zhao1, but a lot also pronounce it as 着 in the sentence above. If you check some dictionaries, you'll notice that they all have zhe in 怎么着, so it seems that zhe is the more official pronunciation and zhao1 is actually incorrect. Examples that have zen3mezhe are Nciku: nciku.com/search/zh/detail/%E6%80%8E%E4%B9%88%E7%9D%80/53669, 现代汉语词典 and 现代汉语规范词典. The only exception I've found is MDBG, but that's an Internet community dictionary. – BertR Apr 30 '12 at 13:07
Your Answer


Why Did My Cat Pee On My Bed? It's Time To Get Serious About This!
Your cat is a bundle of joy. Right upto the point where you realize that she has relieved herself over your favourite duvet, the third time this week. It is near-impossible to rid the stench and stain associated with such deeds, and if this happens too frequently, it becomes a matter of bad hygiene for everyone in the household. I bet this becomes frustrating after the first few times, and you begin to wonder, why did my cat pee on my bed?
Instead of flying into a tirade against your pet, remember that it is against the nature of a cat to pee anywhere; peeing on your bed is a sign of deeper, solvable issues involved which need to be addressed immediately.
Why did my cat pee on my bed?
Since you have already trained your cat in matters of hygiene, the reason why she would suddenly take to your beloved bed, of all places, can be two-fold.
Either her existing litter-box is not meeting her requirements, or there is something pathologically or emotionally wrong with your cat. It can one or both the reasons. The faster you find the solution, the happier everyone is…
why did my cat pee on my bed
Is your cat stressed?
More often than not, peeing on my bed is a sign that my cat is feeling insecure. It is a trigger for me to start judging what has changed in the recent past.
why did my cat pee on my bed
1. Your cat is anxious
This is the most common cause for my cat to act up. There are several flags that can set off my cat, and I know that is true for all pets:
 - check-circle
 Every time I get a new pet, my cat feels threatened, both emotionally and physically. Any kind of pet higher in the pecking order of bullying (dogs, for instance), especially, if not initiated from a young age, can be stress-inducers for your cat. Animals square off over territory, resources, status and affection. Threat towards these factors, whether perceived or actual, can be deeply disturbing to your cat.
why did my cat pee on my bed
 - check-circle
 Having guests over, especially little children that eat into everyone's attention and get pesky with the cat, turns off her mood. She would rather be left alone and take refuge in the relatively quieter bedroom for all her needs. 'Cat-persons' will testify to how protective these balls of fur can be towards their humans, and the disinclination to share affection is key to their changed behaviours around new people.
why did my cat pee on my bed
 - check-circle
 When my partner goes off on long trips, my cat quite literally mopes and starts peeing on my bed. Separation or any disturbance with the schedule associated with the pet-parents is known to trigger anxiety in the pet's mind and causes them to behave out of nature.
2. Your cat needs a trip to the veterinarian
why did my cat pee on my bed
If you have not been able to recognise any triggers for behavioural changes, it is time to take your kitty to the doc. Cats can suffer from a host of medical problems like urinary tract infections, diabetes or arthritis. Any of these can make it painful for your cat to use the litter-box; your bed thus becomes a more comfortable alternative.
A urinalysis and a host of other diagnostic tests should be done to rule out any possibility of medical problems. The sooner this is attended to, the less suffering your cat has to go through. You can consider best cat food for urinary tract if your cat has a urinary tract infection.
Are the litter-boxes upto your cats' tastes?
1. Are they big enough?
Via: Amazon.com
Litter-boxes, as a rule of thumb from Jackson Galaxy, should be approximately one-and-half times the length of the cat (excluding the tail)
Small, campy litter-boxes are a no-no, as cats feel trapped and vulnerable while attending to nature's call. In a multi-cat household, litter-boxes should outnumber your pets. Also, covered litter-boxes tend to make my cats feel blind-sided, so the bigger and open they are, the safer my pets feel.
By personal experience, the IRIS Open Top Cat Litter box makes my cats feel pretty pampered. The sides and back of this box are high enough to give the much-needed privacy to my cats and also prevents them from spraying their litter over to the floor.
2. Are they being cleaned regularly?
why did my cat pee on my bed
Litter-boxes should be ideally cleaned twice-a-day. Under normal circumstances, cats are tidier creatures than us, and we hate clogged and dirty toilets; imagine what our cats must feel like, having to return to an un-cleaned box. Regular scooping and scrubbing (the latter on a fortnightly basis) are key to maintaining hygiene for your pet.
It is also necessary to try out a few choices before settling on a particular type of litter box for your cat. It takes time to arrive at the right fit, but unless that happens, chances are, your cat will keep hunting for clean, comfortable and safe places to pee on, like your bed.
3. Are the litter-boxes in the right location and have the right substrate?
A lot of cat-owners try to hide litter-boxes behind inconvenient nooks and small, unobserved spaces, so as to avoid embarrassment to guests. If they are out-of-sight for you, chances are, your feline pets will choose a more accessible spot.
Your cat's litter-box cannot be located smack in the middle of all the commotion. It cannot be too far away from where she spends most of her time and it certainly must offer some degree of privacy.
The kind of substrate used in the litter-box is also crucial. Cats like to bury their waste, and prefer substrates with a grainy or sandy texture. Also, while for pet-owners, a scented substrate seems ideal to mask the malodour, most cats may disagree.
why did my cat pee on my bed
I have been a huge fan of Dr. Elsey's cat litter, because it is a naturally clumping litter, with no deodorant features, and is really easy to clean. Better Way's cat litter comes a close second, though my cats still prefer the former (I had to hurriedly revert to Dr. Elsey's when I sensed the suspicion in my cat's eyes!)
What is so inviting about your bed?
Your cat will not think along the line of aesthetics. She just likes the feel of your bed. It is clean, soft and absorbent and is preferable to the touch of the substrate in her litter-box. So peeing there comes as a natural step. Besides, other more serious factors can also be at play:
1. Your cat misses you
why did my cat pee on my bed
The prolonged absence of the pet partner breeds insecurity in cats. They react by trying to reassure themselves of the parents' presence, by mingling their own scents with that of the parents.
Their actions are not vengeful, but one of self-soothing. They are only trying to be cute, but needless to say, we fail to see it that way.
2. A bed offers a bird's-eye-view-of the threat below
why did my cat pee on my bed
A bed, or any elevated place, also acts as a respite from any kind of threat. A cat, like any creature, needs to pee in peace. If her litter-box is inconveniently located where she is exposed to attacks, she would much prefer to relieve herself atop your bed, which offers her a good view of the ground below and eliminate unwanted attention.
Sometimes, renovations, shifting houses and simple rearrangement of furniture can also trigger a sense of threat in your cat. Scared and in search for something familiar, she is likely to target your bed to pee in.
To summarise, take a look at this video to detect your cat's lack of interest in her litter-box, and what to do about it.
How to stop a cat from peeing on your bed
why did my cat pee on my bed
why did my cat pee on my bed
Keeping doors locked is the easiest way to remind your cat that the bedroom is out of bounds. Another alternative is to substitute the targeted fabric with something that your pet does not favour, like a slippery vinyl sheet.
Sometimes, when I realise that my cat is going through some form of anxiety, I deliberately set up play sessions on my bed, not just to ease her mind but also to endear the place to her as a happy spot.
why did my cat pee on my bed
As I said, cats are tidy creatures, they never litter where they sleep or play. Do not chastise your cat when you have nailed the issue as that will only antagonise and stress out your pet. You can learn more tips to keep your cat off the bed.
How to get rid of cat-pee stains from your bed
Once the deed is done, here's a handy step-by-step guide to rid your bed from cat-pee stains. If the pee is still fresh:
why did my cat pee on my bed
why did my cat pee on my bed
 - paw
 Soak it out of the fabric immediately using clean washcloths or paper towels.
 - paw
 If several hours have passed, spray 50 ml of a 1:1 water and vinegar mixture and soak it up after a minute.
 - paw
 The excess liquid can


text:
Aqualife ENOL for Wine Cellars
For the wine sector, we have developed a modern and effective installation for controlling environmental humidity in wineries, based on high-frequency technology.
Aqualife ENOL allows us to adapt to any type of winery, both from an aesthetic or design point of view, as well as due to its technical conditions.
Both the wood of the barrels and the cork are materials that are directly affected by environmental humidity, affecting the final quality of the wines. If we maintain stable conditions in the ambient relative humidity, we will also extend the life of the barrels.
- Provides humidity through filtered and disinfected water.
- Extends the life of the fresh product, preserving all its qualities.
- Reduces the loss of products by 4%, increasing sales.
- Maximum safety and complies with current regulations (HACCP).
- VERY PROFITABLE INVESTMENT, reliable and durable.
It ensures the correct evolution of the wine during the aging and aging phases. An inadequate temperature and humidity directly influence the evaporation of the wine, with the consequent loss of product that this entails. With Aqualife ENOL, this problem disappears.


text:
K., Sudhakar and R. n, Ananthakrishna and A., Goyal and H.K., Darji (2013) A Novel Design of Multi-Chambered Biomass Battery. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 2 (1). pp. 32-34. ISSN 2252-4940
|PDF - Published Version|
Official URL: _URL_
In this paper, a novel design of biomass battery has been introduced for providing electricity to meet the lighting requirements of rural household using biomass. A biomass battery is designed, developed and tested using cow dung as the raw material. This is done via anaerobic digestion of the cow dung, and power generation driven by the ions produced henceforth. The voltage and power output is estimated for the proposed system. It is for the first time that such a high voltage is obtained from cow dung fed biomass battery. The output characteristics of this novel battery design have also been compared with the previously designed battery.
|Uncontrolled Keywords:||anaerobic-digestion, biomass battery, cow dung fed biomass battery, energy storage, renewable energy|
|Subjects:||T Technology > TP Chemical technology|
|Divisions:||Faculty of Engineering > Department of Chemical Engineering|
Faculty of Engineering > Department of Chemical Engineering
|Deposited By:||teknik kimia|
|Deposited On:||11 Apr 2013 14:27|
|Last Modified:||11 Apr 2013 14:27|
Repository Staff Only: item control page


Query stub information in Docker images and containers
After you build a Docker image, you can query that image to see stub information such as the stub name, its ID, and its exposed port. In addition, after the image is running as a container, you can query the container to retrieve information as to what stubs are running within it.
Docker images
The Docker images that are built from a Dockerfile and build context files that are published from HCL OneTest™ API contain a file that is named stubs.info with basic information for the stubs that are included. To view the file contents within the image, use this Docker command:
docker run --entrypoint cat stubimage /stubs.info
where stubimage is the name(tag) for the stub image. An example of the output follows:
NAME ID EXPOSED_PORT
myStub 1f8b3e1a:150a97ea022:-7cdb 8081
Docker containers
To query stub information when the image is running as a container, from the docker host, you can use the curl command:
curl http://:7820
where is the IP address of the container, not the host. To get the IP address of the container, use this Docker command:
docker inspect -- format '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}'
The port 7820 is used by default. If you want to, you can override this port assignment when you run the container by specifying an environment variable named STUB_INFO_PORT. For example, add the -e option with this environment variable to the docker run command:
The output of the query is text in JSON format. An example of output follows:
 "stubs": [
 "id": "1f8b3e1a:150a97ea022:-7cdb",
 "name": "myStub",
 "activities": [
 "exposedPort": "8081",
 "rule": "Path: /test AND Port: 80 AND Method: POST AND (Host: _URL_ OR Host: OR (source host= AND (Host: localhost OR Host: OR Host: 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1)))"
 "started": "true"


text:
The 21st century has brought with it an eruption of technological innovations that have revolutionized multiple industrial sectors. One of these sectors, notably impacted, is that of scientific laboratories, where precision, efficiency, and reliability are key factors for success. In this scenario, the Kalstein Conductivity Meter emerges, a high-quality piece of laboratory equipment that represents a significant advantage for modern laboratories. As a leading manufacturer in the market, Kalstein offers equipment at a competitive price, facilitating the purchase and sale of this cutting-edge instrument.
The Conductivity Meter: A Key Tool
The Conductivity Meter is an essential tool for measuring the number of ions in a specific solution, allowing it to determine its conductivity. This measure is crucial in various areas of testing and analysis. Thus, the use of a high-precision Conductivity Meter not only increases the efficiency of laboratory processes, but also guarantees the accuracy of the results.
Moreover, Kalstein Conductivity Meters possess advanced features that make them extremely easy to use and maintain, further improving their cost effectiveness. _URL_
The Kalstein Advantage: Quality and Reliability
As a renowned laboratory equipment manufacturer, Kalstein is committed to providing superior products at affordable prices. Moreover, the buying and selling process is done transparently and efficiently, guaranteeing an excellent customer experience.
What distinguishes Kalstein is its attention to detail and the guarantee of rigorous quality control. Every Conductivity Meter produced by Kalstein goes through strict tests to ensure accuracy, stability, and long-term reliability.
An Investment Worth Making
Considering the crucial role laboratory equipment plays in scientific work, investing in a high-quality Conductivity Meter will always be a prudent decision.
In terms of price, Kalstein's products offer unmatched value. Therefore, if you are looking for a reliable manufacturer with fair prices that can facilitate the purchase and sale of laboratory equipment, Kalstein emerges as an exceptional choice.
Innovation that Will Drive the Future of Your Laboratory
The implementation of the Kalstein Conductivity Meter not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of your laboratory, but also positions your establishment at the forefront of technology.
By keeping up with the latest trends and technological innovations, your laboratory can ensure its relevance and competitiveness in an increasingly competitive field.
The Smartest Option: Choose Kalstein
Choosing a Kalstein Conductivity Meter puts your laboratory one step ahead in terms of efficiency, accuracy, and competitiveness. Not only do you get a superior piece of laboratory equipment at a competitive price, but you also benefit from a quick and easy buying and selling experience. Ultimately, choosing Kalstein is the smartest option for modern laboratories seeking to optimize their operations and increase their effectiveness. To know the high-end product catalog that we have for you at KALSTEIN visit us _URL_


Definitions for ileitisˌɪl iˈaɪ tɪs
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word ileitis
Princeton's WordNet
 1. ileitis(noun)
 inflammation of the ileum
Wiktionary
 1. ileitis(Noun)
 Inflammation of the ileum.
Freebase
 1. Ileitis
 Ileitis is an inflammation of the ileum, a portion of the small intestine. Crohn's ileitis is a type of Crohn's disease affecting the ileum. Ileitis is caused by the bacteria Lawsonia intracellularis. Human inflammatory bowel disease does not associate with Lawsonia intracellularis infection. >_URL_ › Journal List › BMC Microbiol › v.6; 2006
U.S. National Library of Medicine
 1. Ileitis
 Inflammation of any segment of the ILEUM and the ILEOCECAL VALVE.
Numerology
 1. Chaldean Numerology
 The numerical value of ileitis in Chaldean Numerology is: 9
 2. Pythagorean Numerology
 The numerical value of ileitis in Pythagorean Numerology is: 2
Images & Illustrations of ileitis
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text:
- THE MAGAZINE
What can be said about a glaze? Plenty! We have all been in the position of trying to describe our favorite glaze to another potter or to ourselves. If the actual glaze is not present, the verbal account can leave a lot to the imagination, which can produce an inaccurate image. The glaze description language is an agreed-upon meaning to the many characteristics found in glazes. It uses several key words and phrases to define a glaze. The idea, as with all languages, is that everyone understands what is meant by the standardized terms that classify a glaze. The glaze description language allows the listener or reader to formulate an accurate mental image of how the fired glaze looks and functions.
One area of potential error occurs when writing or describing glazes. Many potters still refer to a glaze formula by its popular name. For example, we have all called glazes Randy's Red or Bob's Blue. While there is a certain personal and informal quality in referring to glazes in such a manner, it can lead to numerous inaccuracies in exchanging or understanding glaze formulas. Just referring to a glaze by its common name does not tell us enough about its characteristics, such as color, texture or light transmission. As an added potential for error, the actual glaze formula for Randy's Red could have changed many times since Randy developed the glaze. Identifying glazes only by their names is an inaccurate attempt to transfer information and can indicate a potter's lack of knowledge about glaze formulas.
Even potters who know better are still drawn into the easy habit of referring to a glaze only by its name. However, there is another method that can transfer information with greater accuracy. Once the vocabulary is known, it makes the task of explaining how a glaze looks much easier, faster and more accurate. We're not talking about deciphering Sanskrit or Egyptian hieroglyphics; just a few simple categories can add to the enjoyment of making and describing ceramic glazes.
Keep in mind there are no set rules about the number of terms to use in describing a glaze. However, it is critical that any terms used have some universal understanding among potters. In addition, too many descriptive terms can be overly cumbersome to use in actual practice. Many potters choose only those descriptions that accurately focus on their particular glaze. Listed are several characteristics that will define a glaze in specific terms.
Firing Temperature: c/06, c/6, c/9
The firing temperature or pyrometric cone rating is critical in the description of any glaze. The three most common temperature ranges used today in ceramics are c/06 (1830°F), c/6 (2232°F) and c/9 (2336°F). Most clay body and glaze formulas have been developed around these temperature ranges. Published glaze and clay body formulas also fall within these widely used pyrometer cone and temperatures.
Preparation: Frit or Raw Oxides
Frits are manufactured from specific raw oxides, which are calcined or fired in a molten mass, cooled and then ground into a fine powder. Frits are frequently used in low-, mediumand some high-temperature glazes, acting as a major flux or glass former. A raw glaze is composed of non-fritted ceramic materials such as feldspars, clays, dolomite, whiting, zinc, talc, magnesium carbonate, and other naturally occurring raw materials.
Composition: Lead, Alkaline and Alkaline Earth
The composition of any glaze can determine its surface texture, light transmission, viscosity when molten, and color development when used with stains or metallic coloring oxides. The major (but not only) ingredients in glazes fall within three broad categories: lead-based glazes containing lead; alkaline-based glazes containing feldspars and/or frits; and alkaline earth-based glazes containing calcium, magnesium, barium, strontium and beryllium.
Texture: Gloss, Satin Matt, Dry Matt
The fired glaze can develop gloss, satin matt or a dry surface texture. A gloss surface is shiny and smooth to the touch. A satin matt surface is similar to a satin ribbon, with a semi-smooth surface texture, while a dry matt glaze can have a gritty surface. The surface texture of the glaze is not to be confused with its light transmission qualities.
Light Transmission: Transparent, Semi-Opaque, Opaque
The ability of light to penetrate the glaze layer determines whether the glaze is transparent, semi-opaque or opaque.
Color: Green, Yellow, Red, Blue, etc.
Glazes can be formulated in any color using stains or metallic coloring oxides. Color is often one of the major defining characteristics in describing any glaze.
Special Effects: Wood, Soda, Salt, Raku, Luster
Glazes can be developed for wood, soda, salt, luster, Raku or any number of applications or firing techniques.
Application: Sprayed, Dipped, Brushed
A glaze can be sprayed, dipped or brushed on the ware. The application method can also play a part in the total fired glaze effect.
Atmosphere: Oxidation, Neutral, Reduction
A glaze can be fired in an oxidation atmosphere (more air than fuel present in combustion), a neutral atmosphere (equal amounts of air and fuel), or a reduction atmosphere (more fuel than air present in combustion). The kiln atmosphere can alter any of the above glaze characteristics depending on the particular glaze formula and kiln firing cycle.
Glaze Hardness: Soft, Hard
While not typically a glaze characteristic that is noted, some fired glazes can be described as either hard or soft in their resistance to abrasion or solubility.
While it is not necessary (or, in many instances, required) to use every glaze description characteristic, an example would be: I am currently firing a c/9, fritted, alkaline, gloss, transparent, blue, soda-fired, sprayed glaze in a reduction atmosphere, and it has a hard-fired surface. More frequently, a description of this same glaze would be stated as: I am currently firing c/9/reduction, gloss, transparent blue, soda-fired glaze.
Standardization in describing glazes leads to accuracy in talking and writing about glazes, all of which can create a greater understanding of ceramic materials. Disseminating accurate glaze information to other potters will also prevent many glaze defects that are caused by the misidentification of glaze characteristics.


Working with named calculations
SQL Server named calculations allow you to mine derived information in your data without having to change your source data. Get an overview of named calculations.
Named calculations are additional virtual columns on the tables in your DSV. This allows you to mine derived information in your data without having to change your source data. Anamed calculation consists of name, a SQL expression containing the calculation, and an optional description. The calculation can be any valid SQL expression. If you are not a SQL expert, here are some types of expressions that are useful in many data mining projects.
Figure 3.5 Completed MovieClick data source view
Arithmetic Operations
Standard SQL supports +, -, *, /, and % (modulo). For example you could create a Profit named calculation with the following formula:
[Sales Price] – [Item Cost]
Mathematical Functions
Mathematical functions are useful, especially when data in a column does not follow a uniform distribution. The SQL functions ABS, LOG, SIGN, and SQRT are particularly useful. Here are two examples:
 - To flatten out an exponentially increasing variable:
 LOG([Sales Quantity])
 - To create a flag for over/under budget quarters:
 SIGN([Actual Expenses] – [Budgeted Expenses])
 Compositing Expressions
 Often, the hypothesis you want to test depends on a variable that is a combination of two of the variables you already have. For example, it may not be interesting that a person is married or has children, but the combination of the two may provide valuable information. A composite expression for this situation could look like this:
 [Marital Status] +'' + [Has Children]
 CASE Expressions
 CASE expressions are an extremely flexible way to create meaningful variables for data mining. The CASE expression allows you to assign results based on the evaluation of one or more conditions. Useful applications of CASE are to change value labels, manually discretize columns, reduce the number of valid states, and convert an attribute from a nested table to the case level.
 - To change value labels:
 - CASE [Category]
 WHEN 1 THEN 'Food'
 WHEN 2 THEN 'Beverage'
 WHEN 3 THEN 'Goods'
 END CASE
 - Manually discretize a column:
 - CASE
 WHEN [Age] < 20 THEN 'Under 20'
 WHEN [Age] <= 30 THEN 'Between 20 and 30'
 WHEN [Age] <= 40 THEN 'Between 30 and 40'
 ELSE 'Over 40'
 - To reduce the number of valid states:
 CASE [Marital Status]
 WHEN 'Married' THEN [Marital Status]
 WHEN 'Never Married' THEN [Marital Status]
 ELSE 'Other'
 - To convert an attribute from a nested table to a case table:
 - CASE
 WHEN EXISTS
 (SELECT [Movie] FROM [Movies]
 WHERE [Movie]='Star Wars' AND
 THEN 'True'
 ELSE 'False'
 This would be done, for instance, when you wanted to convert a nested attribute to a case-level attribute. Note that if you still want to use the nested table in the model, you will have to use a named query to filter the attribute from the nested table, as described in the next section.
 Creating a Named Calculation on the Customers Table
 To create a named calculation to discretize and reduce the number of states in the Num Bedrooms column:
 1. Right-click the Customers table and select Create a named calculation.
 2. Enter the calculation name Bedrooms and optionally enter a description.
 3. Enter the following expression:
 WHEN [Num Bedrooms] = 1 THEN 'One'
 WHEN [Num Bedrooms] <= 3 THEN 'Two or Three'
 WHEN [Num Bedrooms] >= 4 THEN 'Four or more'
 ELSE 'None'
 Upon closing the dialog box, the DSV Designer will validate your expression and return any applicable errors. Once you have successfully created your calculation you can see the results by right-clicking the table and selecting Explore Data.
This was first published in July 2006
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text:
MCC investments in roads cut across several sectors. In transportation projects, roads rehabilitation and construction primarily aim to lower transport costs by reducing travel time and vehicle operating costs; improve access to public basic services such as health and education, particularly for the rural poor; and facilitate international and regional trade. In agriculture projects, roads primarily aim to link producers to markets for their goods and to inputs for their production year round. In some cases, roads are a part of irrigation projects to provide access to, from, and within irrigated areas.
As of December 10, 2012


text:
Bobs are having a moment, experiencing a level of popularity that almost rivals their original debut in the 1920s. During prohibition the shape was so well-liked that it was considered unfashionable to wear any other style. Many daring women chopped their tresses, but those that preferred to keep their length mastered the art of creating the short shape by tucking and pinning. Now that bobs are back on the rise, knowing how to create a temporary version is essential. Read on for steps to creating this timeless vintage look. –– Laura Martin
Step 1: Prep clean dry hair with a light, even spray of protective thickening lotion and curl with a 1″ iron or styling wand, working in small, uniform sections. Wrap strands from roots to ends to ensure an even wave formation.
Step 2: Mist completed set with holding spray and allow to cool thoroughly. Use a round paddle brush to soften and combine coils, creating soft waves.
Step 3: Section off hair below the occipital bone and wind into a tight bun. Secure firmly with bobby pins, making the shape as flat as possible.
Step 4: Fold remaining hair under at the chin, pinning ends into the bun. Refine shape with finger tips and embellish with a feather, headband, or other flapper-inspired accessory.


text:
The current biological data is very diverse. It is located in different databases and it is presented in different ways. There are several biological databases with good visualization tools. However, there are very few tools that are able to retrieve data across multiple databases. It is thus very difficult to get a clear and overall picture of the complicated biological data. In this thesis we develop a Java application that is able to retrieve data from several biological databases. Based on the latest research it is assumed that a hierarchical modularity is present in metabolic networks. This fact has a very important role in the robustness arid error-tolerance of metabolic networks. However, it is unknown how this structure changes when we combine such networks with other types of biological interactions. We use the Sammon's mapping projection algorithm to investigate the structure of biological networks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. First, we cluster metabolic pathways. Next, we combine metabolic pathways with protein-protein interaction networks. In high hierarchy levels there occur very strong mergers. In lower hierarchy levels the mergers are considerably weaker. Between high and low hierarchy levels there do not occur any mergers.
|Place of Publication||Espoo|
|Publication status||Published - 2005|
|MoE publication type||G2 Master's thesis, polytechnic Master's thesis|
- data visualizing and clustering
- network topologies
- tiedon visualisointi ja klusterointi


JDString "south") = Right South
 fromJson _dummy (JDString "east") = Right East
 fromJson _dummy (JDString "west") = Right West
 fromJson _dummy _ = Left "Deserialization error for 'Direction'"
In fact, RJson provides 'enumToJson' and 'enumFromJson' functions
which automate the definition of instances of this sort. The preceding
instance definitions could equivalently be written as follows:
 instance ToJson Direction where
 toJson = enumToJson firstCharToLower
 instance FromJson Direction where
 fromJson = enumFromJson firstCharToUpper
The first arguments to 'enumToJson' and 'enumFromJson' are
(String->String) functions used for converting Haskell enum
constructor names to JSON strings and vice versa. The functions
'firstCharToUpper' and 'firstCharToLower' are provided by RJson.
Default serialization/deserialization behavior is as follows:
 Haskell primitive types <--> Corresponding JSON type
 Haskell records <--> JSON objects
 Haskell tupels <--> Heterogenous JSON arrays
 Haskell algebraic types &
 newtypes <--> JSON array of arguments given to
 constructor. First constructor
 always used when deserializing.
 (Not a very useful default.)
Both ToJson and FromJson have some other methods which can be used to
customize serialization behavior (check the Haddock
documentation). For example, you can specify default field values for
JSON objects. Note that there is no default implementation of the
'toJson' or 'fromJson' methods, so if you are overriding other methods
in an instance declaration of ToJson or FromJson, you can set 'toJson'
and 'fromJson' to 'genericToJson' and 'genericFromJson' respectively
in order to get the default behavior.
The 'Union' type can be used to implement a kind of crude inheritance
for Haskell record types. The type has a single binary constructor
('Union'). Unions are serialized by serializing each of the arguments
to the constructor, then merging the resulting JSON objects into a
single object. If any of the arguments of the constructor does not
serialize to a JSON object then a runtime error will occur. To create
unions of more than two records, just use 'Union' as an infix
constructor. Type synonyms are defined for complex unions of this
kind (Union3 a b c, Union4 a b c d, etc. etc.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
WARNING: Record types with strict constructors will lead to runtime
errors when using 'fromJson' ('toJson' will still work fine). This is
because it seems to be necessary to temporarily create records with
dummy field values. If the fields are strict, these dummy values get
evaluated, leading to an exception being raised.
OTHER WEIRD BUG: You cannot have a field of type X and a field whose
type is a synonym of X in the same record. This leads to weird
compile-time errors if you try to serialize the record. I have no idea
why (but this is normally easy to work around).


text:
the portal.
The dedicated communication link between São José dos Campos and Cachoeira Paulista makes the communication times between "tatui"-portal and "paraytinga"-portal quite close. However, we observe a small increase of communication time variation due to the interference of other network equipments between "paraytinga" and the portal.
Transmission time affects directly the application performance, with relation to physical location of the grid node. Best case showed that the communication time could represent 1 % of computation time while worst case can achieve 12 %.
Figures7, 8 and 9 show the climatology execution time on each grid node, for a given region and ensemble member, where we can see the differences with more details. The jobs with low execution time correspond to the model stabilization process.
Considering the minimum execution time of jobs 2, 3, and 4 of each region, we have three different reasons for job execution times increase:
Up to 4 h indicate fluctuation on data transmission time;
Between 4 and 58 h indicate that a job scheduling occurred due to hardware and/or software failure, and the simulation restarted without human intervention;
Higher than 58 h represents a serious hardware and/or software failure that required human intervention to fix the problem and to restart the simulation.
As a consequence, the computational grid stayed idle for 17.4, for 10.1 and for 4.7 days using the grid middlewares OAR/CiGri, Globus, and OurGrid, respectively.
The job execution time has variation of 281.3 % (68 h 10 min), when the computational grid middleware uses OAR/CiGri (Fig. 7). The lowest (24 h 14 min) and highest (92 h 24 min) job execution time corresponds to the HPC cluster "paraytinga" and "tatui", respectively.
The job execution time has variation of 401.7 % (95 h 08 min), when the computational grid middleware uses OurGrid (Fig. 8). The lowest (23 h 41 min) and highest (118 h 49 min) job execution time corresponds to the HPC cluster "paraytinga" and "xd1", respectively.
The job execution time has variation of 39.0 % (9 h 46 min), when the computational grid middleware uses GLOBUS (Fig. 9). The lowest (25 h 04 min) and highest (34 h 50 min) job execution time corresponds to the HPC cluster "paraytinga" and "tatui", respectively.
Since we have no resubmission features implemented on the Globus scheduler, this variation has direct relation with the model grid size of each region of Brazil. In case of failure, the climatology requires a manual resubmission and the time due to failure appears only as grid idle time.
We observed an unbalanced job distribution (Fig. 10) on grid nodes. The best job distribution between grid nodes, and consequently the lowest grid idleness, occurred when the computational grid used Ourgrid. The cluster "xd1" executed fewer jobs due to high communication costs between "xd1"-portal and high variations on these communication times.
Problems on grid application or grid node failure had more impact on jobs executed on the computational grid with OAR/CiGri e Globus. Using OAR/CiGri, the cluster "paraytinga" performed fewer jobs than cluster "xd1". Using Globus, cluster "tatui" executed less jobs than cluster "xd1" and "paraytinga", despite data being available locally.
The job submission features of OAR/CiGri and OurGrid guarantees application execution, even in the case of hardware/software failures. Even when a failure occurred, data movement and climatology execution on another grid node, from the point the simulation stopped, worked as expected.
The problems related to hardware and/or software failures increased (see Fig. 6) the climatology execution time considerably. We have identified different factors that caused those problems.
Instability of the operational system (OS) installed on "tatui" (Linux Fedora Core) caused the interruption of climatology execution (Globus) and increased climatology execution time (OAR/CiGri). Upgrading the cluster OS solved this issue.
Electrical power outages interrupted cluster operation during part of the experiment. In a weekend, it represented an increase of 5 % in climatology execution time. A high-availability electrical power infrastructure can overcome this problem.
The computational grid refused to execute computation during the experiment due to Globus certificates expiration. We solved this problem by generating and installing new grid nodes certificates, signed by the Certification Authority. More definitive solutions could be: (i) start with a certificate with longer duration (1 year in the case of G-BRAMS), (ii) adopt an automatic process to renew the certificates before their expiration.
Data inconsistency during data exchange between grid nodes and portal machine can lead to failure in executing the next job or make results unavailable. Data verification mechanisms can solve this problem. The "cksum" tool from Linux/Unix implements the cyclic redundancy check (CRC), an error-detecting code designed to detect accidental changes to raw computer data. It can be used to detect a corruption on destination and ask the sender to transmit it again.
Software components failures (scheduler and portal components) contribute to increase the climatology execution time. The scheduler runs on the portal machine as a process and its deactivation, for unknown reasons, caused the non-submission of jobs to grid nodes. To address this problem, the portal can periodically check scheduler status and restart in case of scheduler inactivity. We could not identify the problems related to portal and we re-installed the portal to fix this problem.
Physical problems, as hardware failures (disk, memory, network failures, etc.), depend on human intervention for correction and are harder to address.
Grid monitoring can help the identification of failures and speed up correction, by detecting the exact failure point. Linux utilities or free software monitoring tools could collect system information and publish them at the web portal. Procedures with problems and solutions help human action in restoring the grid environment. Mechanisms for isolating a defective cluster node can also be used to minimize the problem.
This paper investigated the challenges of executing the mesoscale climatology, an important meteorological application that requires intensive use of computational resources in a processing grid environment. We explored the application and grid environment limitations for real-world conditions, since our interest includes its use on production.
We executed the climatology in three different computational grids, configured with OurGrid, OAR/CiGRI and Globus middlewares. We used the BRAMS model, configured to compute the climatology of three different regions of Brazil, using three HPC clusters geographically separated. Using a closed and dedicated grid environment, accessed by a web portal, we guarantee the application execution on a minimum time.
The 3-year climatology execution generated the expected results in 20.5, 22.3 and 33.3 days, using the computational grid configured with OurGrid, Globus and OAR/CiGri grid middlewares, respectively.
The grid middleware that introduced the lowest overhead was OurGrid, followed by OAR/Cigri and Globus. The performance difference between the HPC clusters architectures is 1.5 %.
During the long period of execution, we observed a considerable delay on the climatology generation. As a consequence, the computational grid stayed idle for 4.7, 10.1, e 17.4 days, for OurGrid, Globus and OAR/CiGri grid middlewares, respectively.
One of the causes was the data transmission time, which are higher and with more variability on farther than on nearer grid nodes. The hardware/software failures also increase job execution time. Depending on the failure, the job is scheduled automatically to another grid node. However, some cases require human intervention.
The computational grid status monitoring plays a fundamental role, since it detects failures in the system. Failures can be solved by human actuation under well-defined procedures; or without human actuation, in a fault-tolerance designed system.
Transmission time affects directly the application performance, with relation to physical location of the grid node. Best case showed that the communication time could represent 1 % of computation time while worst case can achieve 12 %.
The strategy for the distribution of jobs worked as expected, but increased the execution time of climatology because the checkpoint and data files require movement to a free grid node. The number of failures occurred for climatology generation is acceptable for an operational seasonal forecasting.
Lynch P (2008) The origins of computer weather prediction and climate modeling. J Comput Phys 227(7):3431–3444
Li S, Goddard L, DeWitt DG (2008) Predictive skill of AGCM seasonal climate forecasts subject to different SST prediction methodologies. J Climate 21:2169–2186
Palmer T, Andersen U, Cantelaube P, Davey M, Deque M, Doblas-Reyes FJ, Feddersen H, Graham R, Gualdi S, Gueremy JF, Hagedorn R, Hoshen M, Keenlyside N, Latif M, Lazar A, Maisonnave E, Marletto V, Morse AP, Orfila B, Rogel P, Terres JM, Thomsen MC (2004) Development of a European multi-model


- Reykjavik Cars
Should we Expect Polar Nights in Iceland?
Updated: Dec 15, 2020
If you have not been to Iceland before, you probably heard people saying that wintertime in Iceland is basically darkness all day long. Well, the truth is, polar nights in Iceland are not something you should expect. Of course, you might experience some darkness but not for 24 hours. Although there is an exception to this. Those who live in mountainous regions may not see the sun for some days or even months. But this has nothing to do with the sun not rising, it's just that the sun is too low on the horizon and the light is blocked by the mountains.
Besides that region, you do get to see the sunlight for a few hours in most of the other areas of the island. Although this is not what a polar night is! a Polar night is when you have total darkness covering a region for a space of 24 hours non-stop. So countries like Sweden, Finland or Norway, which are closer to the North Pole/Polar Circle, do experience polar nights.
What are the causes of Polar Nights?
The polar night happens when the earth rotates in relation to where the sun is positioned. As the earth rotates on a tilted axis of around 23.5 degrees, it makes the Arctic Circle and the Antarctic Circle to be completely exposed to the sun or be in constant darkness. That, of course, depends on the season. This is where you have a situation of the northernmost and southernmost poles plunged into either a full night or a full day.
Winter Solstice in Iceland
So, when does Iceland experience this so-called Winter Solstice?
The winter solstice occurs on December 22nd this is the time the sun takes the shortest path through the sky. As a result, we have the shortest day of the year and the longest night. In this period the sun rises as late as 11:23 am and sets around 3:30 pm it's just about 4 hours of daylight experience.
Scientifically speaking, "winter solstice" is a term applied to the very moment where one of the Earth's poles has its maximum tilt away from the Sun. However, the term is informally used to refer to the day on which this astronomical event takes place.
If you are visiting Iceland in winter here is something spectacular you need to watch out for:
The Northern Lights in Iceland
Because of the reduced amount of light you have during this period, it is important to have a very organized schedule when visiting Iceland. It can be quite challenging to fit many activities in such a short lapse of daylight. For example, It is basically impossible to rent a car in iceland to take a trip to the Golden Circle. And, later on, head on a whale watching adventure all in one day during the winter. This is why you need to carefully plan your trip so that you can make the most of the few hours of daylight winter has to offer while here.
The good thing about coming to Iceland during winter is that you will have the chance to witness the famous Northern Light spectacle. This is Mother Nature's eye-popping, breathtaking wonder that tourist cannot stop talking about.
The best way to spot the Northern Light is to check the Aurora forecast daily. There is a great app available for this. You can get it right here.
So in reality, Iceland does not get a true Polar Night, Iceland only experience what is referred to as the Midnight sun that comes with a short night or experiences some few hours of daylight.
Jónmessa in Iceland
For the gloomy days, to neverending brightness.
The Jónsmessa, which is the name we use in Iceland for the summer Solstice, is based on the biblical birth of John the Baptist. This term refers both to the Midsummer Night and the biblical event. Jónsmessa is celebrated on the 24th of June.
Tourists are thrilled by the Icelandic folklore and celebrations that are held this day. According to the legend, animals were given free will to do as they desired during Jónsmessa. For instance, cows were able to express themselves in Icelandic language and therefore were able to interact with humans. Seals could easily transform themselves into humans. And if you want to have very good health, just roll naked on the dewy grass! the midnight sun will do the magic. If all you ever want is food and beautiful gifts from the elves, just sit all night at a road intersection. If all of the roads lead to different churches, then your wish will come true!
Well, that's Icelandic folklore...Let's get back to reality, shall we?
Summer Solstice in Iceland
On the Summer solstice, we can say that the sun barely sets. It gets a bit darker but the light is never completely gone. We get approximately 3 hours of glimmer light and then, the sun is back up again.
This is not exclusive to Iceland though. All countries north of the Arctic Circle and south of the Antarctic Circle also experience this natural phenomenon.
Why do we experience the Midnight Sun in Iceland?
The midnight sun is caused when the earth's axis is tilted towards the sun between April and September; That what we all know as summer. That takes place during the months of June, July, and August every year in the Northern Hemisphere.
In Iceland, the winter and summer season is quite different from what you might likely experience in your country. Most countries around the world are not as close to either the North or the South Pole as Iceland is. For those countries, the daylight hours and the nighttime hours are most likely to stay constant all year round. But that is not the case in Iceland, the closer you are to the North or South Pole the more extreme the winter or the summer season is going to be.
What to Do During the Midnight Sun in Iceland?
There are lots of activities tourist can partake during the midnight sun, for instance, going mountain hiking, a trip around the Golden Circle, or you can go whale watching. The possibilities of experiencing some of Iceland's best attraction are just endless. That is why traveling around Iceland during the midnight sun season can be such a great experience. You will experience new things you will not forget for a long time.
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The main motive behind this study is to focus on the connection between child labor and peace building process. Child labor means involving children t
The main motive behind this study is to focus on the connection between child labor and peace building process. Child labor means involving children to do duties like grown up at an age they need to study and enjoy their childhood. This practice deprives children of their childhood and impedes their physical and mental development process. Child labor has been an international issue not only in Pakistan, but also in other countries. Children are the future of a nation, if they are deprived from basic rights of childhood, a healthy lifestyle and education; then peace building in our society will be merely a dream. Society and Law makers are highly responsible to "Terminate Child Labor" for peace building process.
In this article, I want to express the importance of "Child Labor Termination" and its consequences on peace building process; It is the most salient tool to use for peace building and harmony in our society. As I have availed the great opportunity to take part in "Fellowship Program on Promoting Peaceful Coexistence 2021" by Department of Philosophy at University of Peshawar, where I have learned a lot about peaceful coexistence from the able students, Scholars, Social Activists, professors and Journalists. It was a life changing experience for me, and grants me a chance to review and explore my thoughts regarding peace activities. It must be everyone's noble mission to promote peace by expressing their contribution to the social long lasting wellbeing factor of everyone's lives.
"The International Labor Organization (ILO)" is an Agency of the United Nations, Which was founded in October 1919 under the League of Nations, whose ordinance is to promote social and economic justice through mounting International labors standard. According to ILO, child labor refers to work that deprives children (less than 18 years) of their childhood their potential and dignity, which is harmful to their physical and mental wellbeing. It refer to work that is mentally or morally dangerous and harmful to children; and interferes with their schooling by:
- Depriving them of the opportunity to attend schooling
- Obliging them to leave school prematurely.
- Requiring them to attempt to combine school attendance with too much long and heavy work
The main Causes of Child labor are countless. People employ children because they are easily exploited, and they are paid with a low wage rate for their work. Child labor basic causes are poverty, illiteracy, lack of schools facilities, and failure of implementing laws, child trafficking and so many others. Due to immense poverty children are forced to contribute to family income. Most of the time illiterate parents are unaware of ill effects and torture of child labor. There are so many villages where there is no school for children's education. Despite laws against child labor, a lot of children are exploited as cheap labor as the authorities are incapable to implement strict laws and actions to "Terminate Child Labor". If we want build up peace in our society, then it is very important to review and limit the main causes of child labor.
Child labor badly impacts the lives of innocent children. A tortured work environment is upsetting for a child's mental and physical health. Mostly children are unable to defend themselves from most of the conditions that occur in the workplace. Children face physical abuse (injuries and punishment) in their workplace which badly impacts their health. Most of the time these children face emotional abuse like attacks, bad remarks blaming and bullying from employers and people around them. Most of the time children bear excessive tiredness and fears of work overload. These mentioned factors badly affect the emotional abilities of children, because they feel loneliness and hopelessness, and they become social misfits. Due to bad experiences in their childhood lead to conflicts in society which are the main hurdles in the process of peace building.
How can we terminate child Labor to buildup peace?
It is essential for us to maintain peace within, and also take part in the promotion of peace in other lives. Government should strictly prevent employment of children at a minor age. Focus on children's wellbeing and provision of basic education is the most effective time to engage them in peace building. Free education is expensive in our country; there should be a system of free education for those who cannot afford fees. Our country faces poor economic conditions, because most of the parents cannot afford to provide basic education to their children. It is the responsibility of the government to make a stable economic system. Major developed countries can also play a vital role in this case by helping in the acceleration of economic growth in developing countries.
After realizing the importance of connection between child labor and the peace building process, there is an urgent need of social attention to towards this issue. In a world where acts of violence and brutality cause prevalence of pain and hurt around us, thus peace takes root in the form of positive contribution by responsible bodies for the wellbeing of our society. Child labor is morally wrong, and due to this peace building is impossible. When actions are taken for the wellbeing of children, we are allowing them to form their own unique worldview and they contribute in the development and prosperity of country; if child labor continues then we cannot bring peace and harmony in our society.
I believe conflicts can be normalized, if children are equipped with the opportunities and skills that they need for today. Child labor cause children being deprived of basic needs of life: education, adequate provision of food, clothing, shelter, and exploitation to tough work affects children's emotional ability, and resulting loneliness and low self-esteem, that's why this issue needs special social attention. We can "Terminate Child Labor", if law makers and government take some serious actions. To build up peace, we must "put an end to child labor", thus our world will benefit now and in the future.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


South East Queensland
11.8 Infiltration from groundwater to urban water system
Supporting information
This line item represents the infiltration of ground water into the urban water system, but the volume could not be quantified in a way that is complete, neutral, and free from material error due to the lack of both data and a suitable quantification approach. As urban water supply systems and recycled water supply systems are typically pressurised, it would be expected that little groundwater infiltration into these systems occurs.
Wastewater collection systems consist of gravity sewers and pumping mains. Groundwater infiltration into the gravity sewers occurs regularly where groundwater levels are higher than the sewer main. Tree roots, subsidence of pipe, or joint failure may result in groundwater intrusion.
Groundwater infiltration into wastewater collection systems could not be quantified in a way that is complete, neutral, and free from material error in the South East Queensland region as data were not available from the urban utilities. Line item 11.4 Wastewater collected was developed from wastewater treatment plant inflow data and as such includes a component that would be due to groundwater infiltration. Groundwater infiltration has been included as an inflow to the urban water system through line item 11.4 'Wastewater collected'.
In the future, with advances in groundwater infiltration and stormwater ingress modelling, it may be possible to separate line item 11.4 'Wastewater collected' into groundwater infiltration, stormwater ingress, and wastewater collected.
The inclusion of groundwater infiltration in line item 11.4 'Wastewater collected' and omission of line item 11.8 'Infiltration from groundwater to urban water system' is not considered to be material to the water balance for the urban water system store. This flow is not a significant proportion of the groundwater store inflows and would not be considered material to the water balance for the groundwater store. Further information may be found in the Groundwater note.


(Huffington Post) Approaching the shoreline of Lake Natron in Tanzania, photographer Nick Brandt faced an eerie sight: There, lying on the earth as still and stiff as statues, were calcified corpses of a variety of birds and bats that had met their untimely demise after crashing into the deadly waters.
"No one knows for certain exactly how [these animals] die, but it appears that the extreme reflective nature of the lake's surface confuses them, causing them to crash into the lake," Brandt writes in his new photo book Across the Ravaged Land. "The water has an extremely high soda and salt content, so high that it would strip the ink off my Kodak film boxes within a few seconds. The soda and salt causes the creatures to calcify, perfectly preserved, as they dry."
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Principal Investigator(s):
The 882 respondents to the Scottish Election Survey are a subset of those surveyed for the BRITISH GENERAL ELECTION CROSS-SECTION SURVEY, 1997 (ICPSR 2615). The aims of the Scottish Election Survey survey were (1) to contribute to the construction of a time series on electoral change at a time when political divergence was one of the key features of political behavior within the United Kingdom (UK), (2) to model political behavior and attitudes in Scotland with regard to Britain as a whole, the nations and regions of the UK, and within Scotland itself, (3) to understand nationalism in Scotland in the wider European context, and (4) to provide a benchmark for assessing the outcomes of Scottish Parliament elections and against which to assess future constitutional change. Respondents were asked for their opinions on the possibility of a separate Scottish Parliament, the Scottish National Party, how the European Union will affect Scotland, the economic benefits to both England and Scotland of Scotland's being part of the UK, social class differences between England and Scotland, the relationship between Protestants and Catholics in Scotland, the importance of a Scottish heritage, and the faith held by the Scottish that British political parties will work in their interest. Additionally, topics repeated from the Cross-Section Survey include the 1997 campaign, participation in 1997 local elections, British political parties, trust in government, images of British leadership, the European Union, Northern Ireland, nuclear weapons, unemployment, inflation, nationalization and privatization of companies, redistribution of income, women's rights, the role of government in social policy, abortion, ethnic minorities, the British economy, political knowledge, and the future of governmental institutions such as the House of Lords. Background information on respondents includes age, sex, race, ethnicity, political party, political orientation, marital status, number of members in household, social class, employment history, health insurance status, citizenship, country of birth, voter registration and participation history, household income, education, religion, parents' employment history, parents' voting behavior, spouse's employment history, and union membership.
Series: British General Election Survey Series
Access Notes
Dataset - Download All Files (3.2 MB)
Study Description
McCrone, D., A. Brown, P. Surridge, and K. Thomson. BRITISH GENERAL ELECTION STUDY: SCOTTISH ELECTION SURVEY, 1997. 2nd ICPSR version. London, England: Social and Community Planning Research [producer], 1998. Colchester, England: The Data Archive/Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributors], 2000. _URL_
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Scope of Study
Subject Terms: constitutional change, economic conditions, ethnic identity, European unification, European Union, national elections, nationalism, nationalization, parliamentary elections, political attitudes, political change, public opinion, quality of life, religious attitudes, social attitudes, social change, social class, social issues, trust in government, voter attitudes, voting behavior, voting patterns
Geographic Coverage: Great Britain, Scotland, United Kingdom, Global
Data Collection Notes:
Original ICPSR Release:
Version History:
 - 2000-01-18 The principal investigators have supplied a revised data file for this collection. Value labels have been corrected and data coded as system missing have been eliminated. Also, additional checks against the Electoral Register resulted in the addition of new variables and adjustments to the weight variables. In all, 114 variables were removed from the data file and 52 new variables were added. For a complete listing of changes to the file, users may consult the processing note in the codebook. The codebook and user guide for this study were revised accordingly.
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text:
this exclusive island resort has numerous eco-accolades to its name: including 2nd place (out of 100 global entries) at the 2022 Green Destination Awards.
Highlights include its EcoConserve Program, which encourages staff to innovate new sustainability practices. This includes a water desalination plant (turning seawater drinkable), a compost farm producing fresh veggies for the onsite restaurant, and an initiative that reduced single-use plastics by 70%.
But staff aren't the only ones taking part: guests are invited to join regular beach clean-ups, supported by a daily educational program for kids.
The resort maintains that wildlife are the original inhabitants of the island, and they honour this by allowing critters to roam free: from the fruit bats hanging from trees, to the endangered sea turtles nesting on its shores.
Travellers can get up close to gentle 'sea cows' in intimate dugong watching tours, or opt to snorkel and spot stingrays, reef sharks, and all manner of fish wiggling between the coral gardens. This proximity and co-existence with the natural world makes Club Paradise Palawan a humbling experience, giving guests a greater appreciation for the Philippines' incredible biodiversity.
Villas start at £210 per night. That enchanting view of the Sulu Sea, however? Priceless.
Inspired to explore the Philippines?
This article is brought you in partnership with the Philippines Department of Tourism.


text:
Technical assistance for development and civic education in Egypt (4E)
The project works towards consolidating the capacity of the Egyptian organizations, initiatives and practitioners linked to development education and youth work in assessing, planning, implementing and evaluating their educational efforts. Through strengthening key knowledge and skills in development education and youth work programming, and expanding the target group's toolboxes with elements related to active citizenship, leadership, social entrepreneurship and related topics, the project's final aim is to contribute to the development of sustainable impact projects in the field of development education for youth in Egypt.
The project will:
- Assess the needs and achievements of the fields of development education and youth work in Egypt
- Create a set of recommendations targeting the impact creation capacity of existing and planned projects of the thematic and activity area
- Implement an evidence-based capacity building process for the project target group.
- To generate demand-driven and evidence-based development education and youth work strategies and programs on the level of the organizations involved in the project and their partners
- To increase the cumulative impact generation capacity of the target group through a better knowledge of past and existing actors and initiatives, understanding of the needs, challenges, achievements, impact and lessons learned in Egypt
- To improve the integrated nature of youth work in Egypt through increased awareness, knowledge and skills on topics related to development education curricula
- To facilitate exchange of best practices and lessons learned in development education and youth work between Egypt and Romania
- To link the representatives of the target group with their direct beneficiaries so to create trust and credibility of programs, and reach the widest segment of the population as possible.
- Cumulative and Impact Needs Assessment (CINA) & Reporting: examines the needs of the development education and youth work actors in Egypt, their challenges and achievements, the lessons they have learned in their work, and the related best practice models of the country.
- Series of customized workshops/ training programs designed for development educators, youth workers, and their organizations on the topics of active citizenship, leadership, social entrepreneurship, negotiation, and development education. 3.Study visit to Romanian development education and youth organizations for experience sharing and networking purposes.
- Heightened awareness and understanding of Egypt's development education and youth work related needs, achievements, challenges and lessons learned
- Higher level of participation of stakeholders in the education curriculum development processes
- Greater promotion and importance attributed within the youth work curricula to development education topics
- Strengthened community ownership of development education and youth work program and curriculum development, through promoting existing local competencies and expertize.


text:
[Hiraoka National Flag Sampe Book]
1938 (undated) 10.5 x 12.5 in (26.67 x 31.75 cm)
This is a rare Japanese Pre-World War II era sample flag book published between 1937 and 1940. The sample book containing 25 national flags including Japan, Nazi Germany, Manchukuo, the Provisional Government of the Republic of China, England, and the United States, among others. It was issued by the Hiraoka Flag Store (平岡国旗店) of Kyoto. The 25 flags contained in the book are actual cloth flags that have been mounted to cardboard and matted.
The book is undated, but due to the flags included, we can surmise the date based upon the flags as sometime between 1937 and 1940. The swastika flag of Nazi Germany (4) is included, so it must postdate January 30, 1931. The book also notably lacks the KMT Regime flag. Following the Second Sino Japanese War (1937 - 1940), the Japanese puppet regime in Nanjing, the Provisional Government of the Republic of China (中華民國臨時政府), instituted the 'Five Races Under One Union' flag, represented here as Flag 3, and did not recognize the KMT. Similarly, the book includes he Manchukuo Flag (2), a puppet regime established by the Japanese that was active from 1932 – 1945.
This book is rare and we are aware of no other examples.
Hiraoka Flag Store (平岡国旗店, 1887 – Present) is a Japanese flag manufacturing company founded in Kyoto in 1887 (Meiji 20). The firm was founded by Shinjiro Hiraoka (初代の平岡新次郎は) who at the time also ran a Kimono business. Recognizing a demand for flags during the Russo-Japanese War (1904 – 1905), Hiraoka focused his energies on the flag business. He remained in operation throughout the Pre-War and WWII eras and, as Kyoto was never bombed, remains in operation today as Hiraoka Flag Manufacturing Co., Ltd. The company remains in the Hiraoka family.
Very good. Minor soiling and edge wear.


text:
Methods of data acquisition, study and analysis required in solving oceanographic problems. Includes a field school held during the mid-term break. A fee is to be paid by January 31.
To learn about field methods in the major branches of oceanography
To gain practical experience in carrying out field observations
To develop and carry out a research project involving:
Writing a research proposal
Planning a field program
Obtaining field measurements to address the question proposed
Analyzing the field measurements
Presenting results orally at a 'conference'
Presenting the results in the form of a journal-style article
Funding and sampling programs
Ships and fieldwork logistics
**Note: Lectures take place during the first half of term only.
The class is based around the idea of gathering and scientifically analyzing field data, and usually involves a field trip. In the past few years we have spent a week at Bamfield Marine Station during the spring break. Part-way through this trip students present a research proposal, after which they gather field data. Analysis is usually completed at UBC before the end of term.


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$X_1$ and $X_2$ are independent random variables. $X_1$ and $Y = X_1 + X_2$ have $\chi^2$ distributions with $r_1$ and $r$ degrees of freedom and $r_1 < r$.
How would I show that $X_2$ has a $\chi^2$ distribution with $r - r_1$ degrees of freedom?
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1 Answer 1
up vote 4 down vote accepted
Since $X_1$ and $X_2$ are independent, the characteristic function of $Y$ is the product of the characteristic functions of $X_1$ and $X_2$, the characteristic function of a $\chi^2$ distribution with $r$ degrees of freedom is $(1-2ik)^{-r/2}$ ($k$ is theFourier variable). Thus the characteristic function of $X_2$ is $(1-2ik)^{-(r-r_1)/2}$
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text: The first place to visit along this tour of western Virginia and West Virginia is the Pearl S. Buck Birthplace Museum. The famous writer was the first woman to win both the Nobel and Pulitzer Prizes in literature. See Droop Mountain Battlefield, the site of the largest Civil War battle (November, 1963). Next, travel to the Monongahela National Forest and visit Cranberry Glades, a botanical area home to plants that typically grow only in the Canadian tundra. Continue north to Charleston and tour the state capitol building. The capitol boasts a 300-foot-high dome and is made of steel and smooth limestone. The building was designed by the architect of the U.S. Treasury and U.S. Supreme Court buildings, Cass Gilbert.


text:
Reasons to agree: 4
Websites that agree:
- The Chicago Field Museum has Sue, the largest and most complete Tyrannosaurus skeleton currently known.
- A visit to a museum is not as educational as reading a book, but it is educational enough.
- Not as educational as reading a book
- In order for something to be very educational something has to go into depth. Reading plaques in front of stuffed animals is not very in depth.
-... it is educational enough
- At a museum you get to brows a bunch of topic. I guess the goal is that you find something that is interesting, and then you can go somewhere else and learn more later.
- With no guided tour you can do whatever you want. You get out of it, like most life, what you put in. Perhaps instead of rushing from thing to thing, find a few things you are interested in and then really experience that thing. Perhaps bring a sketch pad and draw stuff.
- The Chicago Field Museum is a short walk from Northerly Island, which offers parking for a dollar an hour, so parking doesn't have to cost very much, if you can walk 3/4 to a 1.5 miles.
- The idea to have self guided tour through a museum was a bad one.
- The experience of visiting a museum feels so separate from normal life, that it often has no affect on normal life.
- Museums need to make a specific call to action, with good arguments. What is the call to action? To become a biologist? To become a fossil hunter? Archaeological? Gemologist? Museums have a very broad charter but they should set very specific goals, shouldn't they? To facilitate research? Is that done better by looking at books, or visiting a museum. Often visiting a museum can become just walking around and looking at "curiosities". Which is fine enough, I guess. Does Khan Acadamy do more education than the field museum?
- You may end up going only to have your kids tell you they are afraid to see the "mommies" (ie mummies) and the Animals, because they remind them of death and give them nightmares.
# of reasons to agree: +4
# of reasons to disagree: -4
# of reasons to agree with reasons to agree: +0
# of reasons to agree with reasons to disagree: -0
Total Idea Score: +0
Don't like the score? It is easy to change the score. Just post a reason to agree or disagree with the overall idea, or any of the reasons and the score will change.


Make Your Detergent At Home, Know More Here
When you think of making your own homemade laundry detergent the first think that comes to mind is that it would be difficult and time consuming, but in reality it is neither. Making your own laundry powder is quick, simple and cheap.
Here is a nice stack of various formulas for making custom made laundry detergent. Making your own natural, homemade laundry detergent is one of the easiest parts of a transition to natural living. This natural laundry soap formula is a great way to save money on laundry detergent and more it is quite simple.
Homemade detergent smells like soap, not the counterfeit fragrances that are added to commercial detergents, so it's useful for individuals who are averse to fake aromas.
Reasons to use natural laundry soap
Conventional laundry detergent is stacked with chemicals like sulfates, fragrances, phenols and more. Numerous brands contain things like petroleum distillates, which are connected to tumor and lung infection. Scents in these cleansers are made of a blend of harmful chemicals.
Fortunately, making your own particular laundry soap is a simple and quick process! You just need three fundamental ingredients to make either a powdered or fluid laundry soap:
 1. Washing Soda
 2. Borax
 3. Natural Bar Soaps (Can make a homemade coconut oil soap)
Washing Soda and Borax should be available at your neighborhood market. Normal bar cleansers are in the natural segments of the store, or online. You can likewise include two or three tablespoons of baking soda to help freshen clothes.
How does this ingredients help in laundry cleaning
Borax is a naturally occurring mineral made up of sodium, boron, oxygen, and water. It is an ingredient in most of the natural soaps available and to top it all it is very inexpensive.
Borax is frequently touted as a wonder ingredient for natural cleaning in formulas like homemade cleaners and even in homemade beauty products as a preservative. Borax, of the mule team variety, is sodium tetraborate or sodium borate and not boric acid.
Washing Soda, in some cases called sodium carbonate or soda ash, is produced using common salt and limestone or found as normal deposits. Baking soda has natural ingredients that help in cleaning.
Natural Laundry Soap Recipe:
First Formula:
 1. Grate the bar soap or blend in food processor until finely ground. Use your preferred soap. You can use homemade coconut oil soap.
 2. In a large bowl, blend 2 parts washing soda, 2 parts Borax and 1 section grated soap. (Include a couple of teaspoons of baking soda if wanted).
 3. Store the mixture in a closed container. If you are using a big enough container, just put all ingredients in storage container or jar and shake.
 4. Use 1/8 to 1/4 cup per load of laundry.
Second Formula
2.5 gallons Water (hot)
1 Bar Soap (grated)
3/4 cup Washing Soda
3/4 cup Borax
2 TBS Glycerin
1.Melt grated soap over medium-low heat topped with water, mix until melted
 1. In a large bucket, pour 2.5 gallons of boiling water, include melted mixture, washing soda, borax and glycerin. Blend well.
 2. Utilize 1/2 container for every full load.
Liquid Laundry soap recipes
 1. Grate one bar of soap with cheese grater or food processor.
 2. Put grated soap in pan with 2 quarts water and steadily heat, blending continuously until soap is totally dissolved.
 3. Put 4.5 gallons of truly hot faucet water in a 5-gallon pail and blend in some borax and some Washing Soda until totally dissolved.
 4. Pour soap mixture from pan into 5-gallon bucket. Blend well.
 5. Cover and leave overnight.
 7. Use 1/2 to 1 cup per load.
These recipes are additionally an extraordinary approach to spare cash on laundry. One can save a lot on the laundry bill.
Too lazy to make your own laundry soap?
Some people may find it boring to make their own laundry soap or some may not get the time to prepare one because of different reasons, but there are few good brands of Eco friendly laundry detergent that are good to use.
Ecover Zero Laundry Detergent
Functions well, generally cost effective and low/no danger of developmental or reproductive toxicity and cancer as per the EWG.
Emma Eco Me Detergent
It is cost effective, works well and also rated highly by EWG and cleans up to 64 loads for $12. Good scents.
Planet Natural Detergent
Cost effective and relatively eco friendly.
Clearly the best option is to make your own detergent if possible, but if you aren't able to make one for yourself, those natural alternatives are a good choice. Making homemade laundry detergent is less expensive and can have more benefits in long run.
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