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Our sample grant proposal is an example of a narrative for a CHW program based on standard sections found in requests for proposals from the federal government.
Grant proposals requested by private foundation funders may differ in structure and length. You can use this sample proposal as a model of how to describe community health needs, explain a CHW program, and write objectives.
The Resource contains details and sample text related to grant writing for the following sections:
- How to Use this Sample Grant Proposal
- Summary of the Sample Grant Proposal
- Background/Needs Assessment
- Proposed Program
- Goals and Objectives
- Work Plan
- Evaluation Plan & Tracking and Monitoring
- Resolution of Challenges
- Program Management and Staffing
- Organizational Information
- Reference List
- Sample Budget
If you are interested in implementing your own Community Health Worker program, look no further! MHP Salud offers training, consultation, and program implementation services. Click here to learn more.


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Assessment: - 1 x 3000 word essay
Medical institutions, such as hospitals, asylums and workhouses have been central to the delivery of health care for more than two centuries. This module is concerned with tracing current themes in the history of these institutions, examining, for example, the architectural, financial and patient histories of various types of hospital and asylum. It will also introduce you to the records of these medical institutions.
On completion of the module you should be able to demonstrate
- an enhanced understanding of the history of hospitals and asylums and the ability to set institutional histories within an appropriate social and cultural context
- be aware of new directions in the history of medical institutions, including the history of institutional finance, hospital and asylum architecture, as well as differences between state and charitable hospitals in Europe and America
- developing skills in historical analysis as applied to medical institutions and their records

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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What is your favorite sport? Wait, do I mean your favorite sport to play or your favorite sport to watch? Does it matter? Are your favorite to-watch sport and your favorite to-play sport the same sport or different? How does your list of favorite sports to play associate or correlate with your favorite sports to watch?
In this activity students rank a list of sports in order from favorite to play to least favorite to play. Then they rank the same list of sports from favorite to watch to least favorite to watch. Students take the rank for each sport and plot the points on the grid. One example is pictured below.
This activity targets 8th grade and/or high school to scatter plot standards and can be easily adapted for younger students, say 5th grade, to introduce or practice graphing in one quadrant.
The activity: WhatsYourFavoriteSport.pdf
For members we have an editable Word docx and teacher hints and suggestions.
CCSS: 8.SP.1, HSS.ID.B.6
Could also be easily adapted for 5th grade teachers to address 5.G.1, 5.G.2

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Poetry of Days: Reviewed By Romuald Dzemo for Readers' Favorite – October 4, 2018
Poetry of Days is the second installment in the Shalemar series by Rohret Buchner, an epic fantasy that follows Shara Kennington, separated from her land and her people by powerful forces of evil. Now it's time to face her fears and choose between her safety and her people. She sets out on a gritty odyssey with members of The Circle, and the mysterious sword, Milton. The quest is for the hidden depths of the world beneath the Antarctic. Does she have what it takes to fulfill a prophecy they have awaited for 500 years?
Rohret Buchner is not afraid of conjuring up exciting worlds, but what makes the writing beautiful is the author's ability to allow echoes of this world to reverberate in the hearts of the characters. The backstory is well balanced with the intense action that accompanies the rhythm of the tale. The beginning already grips the reader: "Seneca King gazed into the lens of the camera. It was a remote stare, filled with sadness and longing. It spoke of other times and other places, of lost loves and lost horizons ringed with fire. It spoke of a hidden world where the sun rose and set only once each year. Shalemar."
The lyricism of the prose is delightful to the ear, language that is filled with symbolism, and a world where danger lurks around the next corner. But there is hope: "Life would find a way, rising through magma, feldspar, and molten glass. Life would find a way." The reader is intrigued and wants to know what will happen to the protagonist. Poetry of Days is brilliantly accomplished, with great imagination accompanied by skillful execution. I couldn't put it down, gripped by the cinematic nature of the writing, the exquisite beauty of the prose, and the sophistication in plot and character; it carried me through the night.
Length of Days: Reviewed by Michelle Stanley for Readers' Favorite – July 18, 2017
Length of Days is book one in the Shalemar Trilogy, a fantasy by Rohret Buchner. While participating on a research trip, Shara Kennington plunges through the ice into Shalemar, another realm hidden beneath Antarctica. The Shalemarans believe she is the goddess predicted in a 500-year-old prophecy who has returned. Shara weds King Joff and attempts to incorporate her New World beliefs and technology into Shalemar's semi-primitive way of life.
Not everyone adapts to these changes and most citizens believe a woman's place is in the home. Lady Malina, who assumed she would have been queen, doesn't take rejection lightly and creates a vengeful campaign that not only divides the nation, but also tests the royal marriage.
This beautifully written novel by Rohret Buchner is about brave, strong minded Shara, who adjusts to her dilemma, knowing she'll never see her own world again. It's a very captivating, adventurous story that emits lovely, vivid descriptions of the surroundings where the sun rises and sets once per year, unforgettable characters, and the comparisons of technology between old and new worlds. The latter is interesting as this involves a lot of pros and cons discussions among characters.
Romance plays an active role among the cast of characters and there is humour and engaging dialogue. Length of Days is the first novel in the Shalemar Trilogy, consisting of about 525 pages but is well worth reading. The outcome of Shara's fate isn't mentioned in the unpredictable conclusion, but continues in Poetry of Days, Book 2, which I look forward to reading.


01 Feb 2012, Journal of Common Market Studies
European Union Meets South Korea: Bureaucratic Interests, Exporter Discrimination and the Negotiations of Trade Agreements
by Manfred Elsig and Cédric Dupont, World Trade Institute
Who in the European Union drives the process of pursuing bilateral trade negotiations? In contrast to societal explanations, this article develops a novel argument as to how the European Commission manages the process and uses its position in strategic ways to pursue its interests. Rooted in principal–agent theory, the article discusses agent preferences and theorizes the conditions under which the agent sets specific focal points and interacts strategically with principals and third parties. The argument is discussed with case study evidence drawn from the first trade agreement concluded and ratified since the EU Commission announced its new strategy in 2006: the EU–South Korea trade agreement.
related links


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Joplin meeting will tell dairy producers how to cut feed costs
Dairy cows that eat more grass in the pasture will eat less processed feed in the milking parlor. That cuts feed costs and makes the milk check go further.
Speakers at the second Missouri Dairy Grazing Conference will explain theory and practice of pasture-based dairies, July 8 to 10 at Joplin, Mo.
"This is for dairy producers who want to graze in the U.S.,said Joe Horner, University of Missouri Extension dairy economist.
The program features MU Extension specialists in forage, economics, nutrient management and dairy. However, dairy producers will present a big part of the program, Horner said.
"The program features dairy producers from Missouri and New Zealand," he said. "Farmers like to hear the practical experience of other farmers." Those attending can tour grazing dairies before, during and after the conference.
Typically, grazing dairy operators divide their farms into pasture paddocks using electric fences. The milking herd is moved to a fresh paddock after each milking, morning and night.
Producers measure grass growth and enter the data into software that calculates a "grazing wedge," which producers use to decide which paddock is best for grazing next.
The first grazing conference, held at Monett, Mo., in 2006, attracted 200 people.
"We hope to draw a larger crowd this year and have moved to a bigger conference center," Horner said. The group will meet at the Holiday Inn, Joplin, Mo.
The program opens with an optional tour of the dairy grazing farm at the University of Missouri Southwest Center, Mt. Vernon, starting at 9 a.m., July 8. The formal program begins at 1 p.m., in Joplin.
Randy Mooney, a Missouri grazing-dairy producer and chair of the National Milk Producers Federation, will open the program with "Redesigning our Dairy Industry."
Later that afternoon, Charles Fletcher, a grazing-dairy producer, Purdy, Mo., will explain how he designed his grazing system. Since switching to grazing from conventional dairying, he has doubled and redoubled his milking herd.
Tony Rickard, MU Extension regional dairy specialist in Monett, said producers must shift their focus when going to a pasture-based dairy. "The main management decisions relate to grass. A philosophy we learned in New Zealand is, ÔTake care of the grass and the cows will take care of themselves.'"
"The combination of high feed costs and lower milk prices has increased interest in learning ways to cut costs," Horner said.
"Dairy producers interested in grazing are no longer limited to southwest Missouri," Rickard said. "They are all across the state."
Two optional tours with two farms on each tour will be held after the conference. Maps will be distributed at the meeting.
The registration fee is $150 in advance or $175 at the door. Participants are encouraged to sign up before June 24 to assist tour planners. The Missouri Dairy Association will reimburse its members $100.
The fee includes all talks, a dinner and reception on the first day, and lunch on the second day. Buses will take attendees to two area farms during the conference.
A book of proceedings will be available later for $25.
More information, including conference agenda, registration details and proceedings of the 2006 conference, is available at _URL_ Registration information also is available from the MU Conference Office at _PHONE_ or _EMAIL_.
The Holiday Inn, 3615 Range Line Rd., Joplin, has a block of rooms at a special conference rate. Call _PHONE_ for reservations.


The Community for Technology Leaders
Green Image
ABSTRACT

A generalized distance transformation (GDT) of binary images and the related medial axis transformation (MAT) are discussed. These transformations are defined in a discrete space of arbitrary dimension and arbitrary grids. The GDT is based on successive morphological operations using alternatively N arbitrary structuring elements: N is called the period of the GDT. The GDT differs from the classical distance transformations based on a point-to-point distance. However, the well-known chessboard, city-block, and hexagonal distance transformations are special cases of the one-period GDT, whereas the octagonal distance transformation is a special case of the two-period GDT. In this paper, both one- and two-period GDTs are discussed. Different sequential algorithms are proposed for computing such GDTs. These algorithms need a maximum of two scannings of the image. The computation of the MAT is also discussed.

INDEX TERMS
mathematical morphology; image processing; sequential algorithms; generalized distance transformation; Minkowski operations; binary images; medial axis transformation; point-to-point distance; image processing; mathematical morphology; transforms
CITATION
G. Bertrand, X. Wang, "Some Sequential Algorithms for a Generalized Distance Transformation Based on Minkowski Operations", IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis & Machine Intelligence, vol. 14, no. , pp. _PHONE_, November 1992, doi:10.1109/34.166628
96 ms
(Ver 3.3 (_PHONE_))


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New research from Loughborough University has revealed that understanding emotions can help hotels improve guest experiences. Hotels can then use customisation strategies in service design to evoke different emotions.
Dr Kathy Pui Ying Lo from the University's School of the Arts initially undertook research studies to understand conflicting emotions often experienced during hotel stays. She has now undertaken additional research to examine how hotels can develop their design and service strategies to evoke different emotions.
The research studies involved hotel guests taking photos to show triggers of emotions in hotels, in-depth interviews and analysis of critical incidents. The studies used principles of psychology and service design to draw implications for hotel design strategies.
Dr Lo identified four prominent conflicting concerns that cause contradicting emotions during hotel stays:
Luxury v's eco-friendliness. When extra amenities and service in hotels are offered beyond what are considered necessary by the hotel guest. This often evokes mixed emotions of happiness and guilt.
Exploration v's familiarity. These conflicting concerns refer to the fact that guests like to take the opportunities of hotel stays to try something different, yet like to feel the familiar comfort of home.
Enjoyment v's cost. Whilst extra touches such as free gifts elicit delight and happiness, they can also often trigger unpleasant emotions when guests think about the cost.
Novelty v's practicality. This shows a clash between attitude and standard. Novelty evokes a pleasant emotion but if the feature or service does not fulfil its practical purpose unpleasant emotions can arise.
To resolve these conflicts customisation is the key, Dr Lo suggests. The aim is to offer hotel guests more control of their hotel stay experiences based on their individual needs and wants. Three common types of customisation strategies enable hotels to evoke different emotions from hotel guests:
With a subtractive strategy, hotels offer the most basic room features and cheap room rate by taking away functional features or service that are not absolutely necessary. Guests may request subtracted features or service depending on their needs, usually with an additional cost. The intended emotional outcomes include happiness for saving money, contentment for getting value for money and satisfaction from selecting hotel features to spend on. An example is Tune Hotels, an international hotel chain.
In contrast, hotels using an additive strategy offer comprehensive functional items. In addition, guests may add special features to try something different or enhance enjoyment. The aim is to promote exploration and discreet enjoyment. Additive strategies intend to evoke emotions such as amazement, excitement, wonder and delight. An example is Affinia Hotels, a boutique hotel chain in the USA that offers options such as a duck for the bath, fitness kit, cupcakes and even an acoustic guitar!
By using tailor made strategies, hotels personalise amenities and service to fit each individual guests' particular needs and preferences. Hotel staff observe and record guest needs and preferences proactively. The information is then stored in a database. Pleasant surprises are staged for individual guests through personalised and meaningful features or service. Because these exceed guest expectations they create pleasant surprises and make the stay memorable. For example a guest who arrives at their room to find their favourite drink on the table.
Dr Lo comments: "The nature of service in hotels is shifting. More hotels are offering guests what they exactly need instead of excessive extras. Understanding the connections between customisation strategies and guest emotions is useful for hoteliers to design for better emotional impacts of hotel stay experiences."
Dr Lo will disseminate the research results to the hospitality industry and research community through invited talks.


bations of embedded eigenvalues. In \cite{G-Sig} a definition of resonance in a time dependent way is given and it is shown to agree with the one resulting from analytic continuation when it exists, in the Balslev-Combes theory. They also get exponential decay and estimates on the remainder terms. Exact results, including the case $\varepsilon$ large, for time dependent potentials have recently been obtained in \cite{CLR}. Further notable results on the time dependent behavior of the wave equation were proved by Tang and Zworski \cite{T-Z}. The construction of states which resemble resonances, and thus decay approximately exponentially was accomplished e.g. in \cite{Sk}. For resonance theory based on Balslev-Combes method the reader is referred to the book \cite{H-S} and its comprehensive bibliography on the subject. Then in a time-dependent approach to perturbation of embedded eigenvalues developed in \cite{SW} exponential decay and dispersive estimates on the remainder terms were proved in a general context, without the assumption of analytic continuation. The main condition required that a local decay estimate holds on the continuous spectrum near the embedded eigenvalue for the {\it unperturbed} Hamiltonian. The required decay is $O(t^{-2-\eta})$ and the Fermi Golden rule was required: $$ \Gamma \geq C\varepsilon^2 > 0. $$ where $\varepsilon$ is measure of the size of the perturbation. The analysis in this work utilizes in some ways this framework, but generalizes the results considerably: the required time decay is $O(t^{-1-\eta})$ and we remove here the assumption of lower bound on $\Gamma$; it is replaced by $$ \Gamma \geq C\varepsilon^\frac{2}{1-\eta} $$ when $\eta < 1,$ and $$ \Gamma > 0, \text{ arbitrary} $$ when $\eta > 1$. This may be important in applications where the lower bound on $\Gamma$ is hard to prove \cite{Sar}. Whenever a meromorphic continuation of the $S$-matrix or Green's function exists, the poles give an unambiguous definition of ''resonance''. A time dependent approach or other definitions are less precise, not necessarily unique, as was observed in \cite{Or}, but usually apply in more general situations, where analytic continuation is either hard to prove or not available. The aim of this work is to generalize the results of \cite{SW} and to provide some clues about the definition of resonance by time dependent methods and its relation to the existence of ''analytic continuation''. In particular, we will show that in general one can find the exponential decay rate up to higher order corrections depending on $\eta$ and $\Gamma$. In case it is known that analytic continuation exists, our approach provides a definition of a unique resonance corresponding to the perturbed eigenvalue. It is given by the solution of some transcendental equation in the complex plane and it also corresponds to a pole of the weighted Green's function. Finally, we analyze the connection between existence of analytic continuation and the Borel summability of the correction to the exponential behavior. Typically the remainder term looks like a stretched exponential times a Borel summable (incompletely) power series. Our approach follows the setup of the time dependent theory of \cite{SW}, combined with Laplace transform techniques. It is expected to generalize to the $N$-body case following \cite{M-S}. We will follow, in part, the notation of \cite{SW}. \centerline{*} Given $H_0$ a self-adjoint operator on a Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$, we assume that $H_0$ has a simple eigenvalue $\lambda_0$ with normalized eigenvector $\psi_0$: \begin{equation} \label{eq:(1)} H_0\psi_0=\lambda_0\psi_0, \|\psi_0\|=1 \end{equation} \z Our interest is to describe the behavior of solutions of \begin{equation} \label{eq:2} i\frac{\partial\phi}{\partial t}=H\phi, \ \ \ H\equiv H_0+\epsilon\, W \end{equation} \z with $\phi(0)=E_{\Delta}\phi_0$, where $E_\Delta$ is the spectral projection of $H$ on the interval $\Delta$ and $\Delta$ is a small interval around $\lambda_0$. Furthermore, we will describe, in some cases, the analytic structure of $(H-z)^{-1}$ in a neighborhood of $\lambda_0$. $W$ is a symmetric perturbation of $H_0$, such that $H$ is self-adjoint with same domain as $H_0$. \subsection{Definitions} In this section we also introduce certain necessary terminology and notation. We then state the hypotheses $({\bf H})$ and $({\bf W})$ on the unperturbed Hamiltonian $H_0$ and on the perturbation $W$. For an operator $L$, $\|L\|$ denotes its norm as an operator from $L^2$ to itself. We interpret functions of a self-adjoint operator as being defined by the spectral theorem. In the special case where the operator is $H_0$, we omit the argument, i.e., $g(H_0)=g$. For an open interval $\Delta$, we denote an appropriate smoothed characteristic function of $\Delta$ by $g_\Delta(\lambda)$. In particular, we shall take $g_\Delta(\lambda)$ to be a nonnegative $C^\infty$ function, which is equal to one on $\Delta$ and zero outside a neighborhood of $\Delta$. The support of its derivative is furthermore chosen to be small compared to the size of $\Delta$. We further require that $|g^{(n)}(\lambda)|\le c_n|\Delta|^{-n}, n\ge 1$. $P_0$ denotes the projection on $\psi_0$, i.e., $P_0 f=(\psi_0,f)\psi_0$. $P_{1b}$ denotes the spectral projection on $\mathcal{H}_{pp}\cap \{\psi_0\}^\perp$, the pure point spectral part of $H_0$ orthogonal to $\psi_0$. That is, $P_{1b}$ projects onto the subspace of $\mathcal{H}$ spanned by all the eigenstates other than $\psi_0$. In our treatment, a central role is played by the subset of the spectrum of the operator $H_0$, $T^\sharp$ on which a sufficiently rapid local decay estimate holds. For a decay estimate to hold for $e^{-iH_0 t} $, one must certainly project out the bound states of $H_0$, but there may be other obstructions to rapid decay. In scattering theory these are called threshold energies. Examples of thresholds are: (i) points of stationary phase of a constant coefficient principal symbol for two body Hamiltonians and (ii) for N--body Hamiltonians, zero and eigenvalues of subsystems. We will not give a precise definition of thresholds. For us it is sufficient to say that away from thresholds the favorable local decay estimates for $H_0$ hold. Let $\Delta_*$ be a union of intervals, disjoint from $\Delta$, containing a neighborhood of infinity and all thresholds of $H_0$ except possibly those in a small neighborhood of $\lambda_0$. We then let $$P_1=P_{1b}+g_{\Delta_*}$$ \z where $g_{\Delta_*}=g_{\Delta_*}(H_0)$ is a smoothed characteristic function of the set $\Delta_*$. We also define \begin{eqnarray} \label{eq:2.1} \langle x\rangle ^2&=&1+|x|^2\nonumber\\ \overline{Q}&=&I-Q,\ \mbox{and}\nonumber\\ P_c^\sharp&=&I-P_0-P_1 \end{eqnarray} \z Thus, $\pcs$ is a smoothed out spectral projection of the set $T^\sharp$ defined as \begin{equation} \label{eq:2.2} T


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How long will the prairie strips work? Won't dirt pile up quickly above the prairie strip?
As water moves downslope in a field and encounters the prairie strips, there will be greater resistance to flow and the surface runoff water will slow down. When this water slows, some of the material it is carrying will be deposited. This generally occurs a few feet into the leading edge of the strip or immediately upslope of the strip.
How quickly the soil builds up is in large part dependent on upslope practices. Incorporating good conservation systems within the row-crop area can reduce sediment loading to the strips and thereby reduce sediment deposition along the leading edge of the strip.
Over time, there may be some required maintenance to regrade deposited sediment to minimize any potential for short-circuiting of water flow.


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organizations with recommendations to address areas needing improvement
- the delivery of challenging health concepts
- training and medical specialty-based workshops on written and oral communication
- document review and rewrite.
332 South Michigan Avenue, Suite 1032#W697
Chicago, Illinois 60604-4434
Trained Consultant: Amy Wilson-Stronks, MPP, CPHQ
Amy Wilson-Stronks is an independent consultant dedicated to promoting health equity through research, policy and practice. With 20 years of experience in the hospital, long term care, and behavioral health settings, Amy has cultivated a broad knowledge base of the issues contributing to health inequalities. An expert in research design, qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis, Amy has dedicated her professional career to working collaboratively with health care organizations, researchers, advocates and consultants to implement concrete, evidence-based measures to improve access to care for individuals and families navigating the health care system. Prior to starting her own business, Amy was the Project Director for Health Disparities at The Joint Commission. In this capacity, Amy served as the principal investigator of several pivotal studies focused on access to care and health care policy. Funded by The California Endowment, The Hospitals, Language, and Culture: A Snapshot of the Nation (HLC) study was the first large-scale qualitative study to investigate how hospitals address the needs of an increasingly diverse patient population. Amy holds a Master of Public Policy in Health Policy the University of Chicago and a Graduate Certificate in Health Administration and Policy from the University of Chicago.


Object Settings
A Blender object's settings are accessed via the X-Plane panel under the Properties Pane's "Object" tab. Each Blender object has it's settings are set per object. Object settings are available for mesh, empty, armature, and lamp data-blocks.
Relevant X-Plane Settings
Blender Object's Transformation and Relation data can be important to exporting OBJs.
Transform
Setting Description Can Keyframe Values?
Location The X, Y, Z co-ordinates of the object, relative to its parent or the world origin. Changing these values change where the model is located in X-Plane Yes
Rotation The degrees of rotation around the X, Y, Z (axis-angle and Quaternion also have a W) axis of rotation the object, relative to its parent or the world origin. Changing these values change where the model is rotated in X-Plane Yes
Scale The scaling factor of the model along it's X, Y, Z axis No, the change to the object's vertices due to scaling is only saved to the OBJ once
Rotation Mode - The rotation mode for Blender rotations. XPlane2Blender supports all modes and exports them equally
Relations
Layers - An array of true/false toggle switches that correspond to what Blender layers it is in. When Export Mode is set to "Layers Mode", this changes which X-Plane layer (and therefore OBJ) the object gets collected and placed into. In "Root Object" mode it has no affect on the output or execution of the exporter
XPlane2Blender Settings
Root Object
Root Object - Off by default. When Export Mode is set to "Root Object" this checkbox will appear. Checking it will set this to be a Root Object. Settings to control the X-Plane layer this and child objects will be collected into will appear underneath. These are the exact same settings used in Layers Mode and found under the "Scene" tab.
Datarefs
Blender's location and rotation keyframes export where the geometry of objects should be in an animation, dataref keyframes describe how X-Plane should play the animation. This is different from traditional animation, where the animation tells a rendering engine (such as a 3D movie exporter) how to move geometry over time. Based on the value of a dataref inside X-Plane, X-Plane's rendering engine will interpolate between keyframes and display your model at specified positions.
For instance, to animate a yoke moving forward and back based on a player's joystick, you would use the dataref "sim/joystick/yoke_pitch_ratio". In X-Plane, this dataref will have a value between -1.00 and 1.00 (inclusive). In Blender you would model the yoke (the geometry), and create at least 2 Blender location and rotation keyframes, say, all the way forward on frame 1 and all the back on frame 2. You would then create X-Plane dataref keyframes on frame 1 and frame 2, with a value of -1.00 and 1.00 respectively. In sim, if the dataref is 0, X-Plane will automatically figure out how to position and rotate the yoke halfway between the position specified at frame 1 and the position specified at frame 2 (aka half way). If the dataref is -.80, X-Plane will automatically position the yoke almost all the way towards the position specified at frame 1 (almost all the way forward).
The more frames you add in Blender, the more precisely you can control the animation. Suppose the yoke in your aircraft has a dead-zone near the half way point. By specifying additional frames to show a slow down and specifying at what value of "sim/joystick/yoke_pitch_ratio" the player should see that frame, you can produce complex animations!
Since Blender's frames per second based timeline and X-Plane's dataref based "timeline" are different, you can use Blender's animation tools to preview but not directly export animations.
Dataref Animation Details
Use Add Dataref to add a dataref animation section, and click the small white X in the top right corner of a dataref animation section to remove it.
Dataref Path - Empty by default, this is the dataref for this animation. The dataref must be a standard X-Plane dataref or one supported by a plugin. It is not validated by XPlane2Blender.
Search datarefs - When clicked, the default web browser will open the site _URL_ where one can search for applicable datarefs. _URL_ is a third-party website not supported by Laminar Research. It is provided as a convenience only and is not guaranteed to be up to date or correct.
Animation Type - The type of animation to export. The types X-Plane supports are "Show", "Hide", and "Transform" (the default).
 - "Show"/"Hide" animations show or hide the object when a dataref is greater than or equal to Value 1 and less than or equal to Value 2. Blender keyframes are not needed to enable show hiding animations. Since the range between Value 1 and 2 is inclusive, both a show and hide animation are necessary.
 For example, suppose you have a dataref that is between 0 and 1 and you want to create an object that is shown between 0 and 1 and hidden after that. One would select that object, create a "Show" dataref animation with Value 1 as 0 and Value 2 as 1, and a "Hide" animation with Value 1 as 1 and Value 2 being 1 or higher.
 - "Transform" animations use Blender location and/or rotation keyframes to transform objects in space. Thusly, Blender animation keyframes on the selected object or armature are required before the following options are shown.
Transform Dataref Animations
Each frame on Blender's timeline is a place to add or remove a dataref keyframe.
Add/Update an X-Plane Keyframe and Remove an X-Plane Keyframe - Each button, with the icon of a key and key with a red slash through it, add/update or remove X-Plane Dataref keyframes to an object. These keyframes are combined with the Blender's keyframes and exported as animation inside the OBJ.
Value - When the dataref is this value, X-Plane will have interpolated the animation to this frame. It is 0 by default, but that does not mean that is a valid number for all datarefs. You must look up documentation for each dataref and see which datatype are range of numbers it requires. Every time you change the value, you must also click the Add/Update an X-Plane Keyframe button before switching frames. Otherwise the value will not get saved.
Animation Loops Every - Looping allows you to create an animation that repeats, even when the dataref driving the animation is not a fixed set of values. One could think of it as "when the dataref has advanced by this much, loop the animation back to the beginning". Only one loop value is allowed per animation, on the last keyframe in an animation or shortly thereafter.
If a dataref possible values are unbounded (increases infinitely) instead of in a range or set of values, it is still possible to get a repeating animation. When looping is not 0.00, use looping to still get repeating animation. , instead of A float, incrementing by, .03, describing the amount of loops the animation will preform. 0.00 by default, making for 0% looping. See [whatever] for more details.
Show/Hide Animations
Show/Hide has two values, where the object will be shown/hidden when the data is greater than or equal to Value 1 and less than or equal to Value 2. Datarefs that conflict about showing and hiding are not validated by the exporter.
Export Animation In Layers
Export Animation In Layers - An array of checkboxes, mirroring Blender's Object Layer visibility, all enabled by default. Only available in Layers Mode. If a layer checkbox is disabled, then only the Blender Object's mesh will be exported in the layer, but not any of it's animations.
Manipulator Settings
Manipulators are part of the cockpit objects. They let you assiagn ways to use inputs to control the object. The following are availible after Manipulator is checked.
Depending on type, different options are available to set for the manipulator. See the Manipulator spec here
Types Of Manipulators
None
The default, clicking on an object does nothing. Non-cockpit objects always have no manipulator.
Panel Click
Includes
Requires object with panel texture or panel texture region. A click on the object is mapped through to the 2-D panel based on the panel texture's mapping.
Drag-Axis
2-d Drag
Command
Command-Axis
Opaque
This sets the manipulation to 'no-op' (no operation). Unlike "none" manipulation, opaque manipulation "swallows" the mouse, preventing it from clicking on other manipulators that may lie behind it. It would typically be used to act as a safety-guard over a switch.
Each Manipulator type will allow you to set


Cefalù, Italy
Virtual travel to Cefalù, Sicily - Italy
Top attractions & things to do in Cefalù:
History, facts and travel tips about Cefalù
Cefalù, a haven of tranquility, a refuge, and a sanctuary of religious inspiration. A city of facets, levels, and epochs. The name, which translated means "head", probably referring to the shape of the hill and huge rock crowned with an ancient castle, rising above the town, was given to the town by the Greeks. Cefalù's origins are surrounded in mystery. Mentioned in ancient tomes over the ages by Pliny, Strabo and Ptolemy as simply a pleasant Sicilian town, the aroma of this charming city hangs enigmatically in the air of ancient history.
The city developed further when Roger II extended the city further up the hill towards its "head". In this expansion project, he respected the older Roman street map and town planning, which have remained to this day, as have parts of the old Roman walls which stretch right down to the seashore. He also constructed the awesome Norman Romanesque Cathedral in 1131, around which a myth of salvation grew up.


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ecobee3 lite Heap Overflow
A heap overflow vulnerability exists in the 'HKProcessConfig' function that overflows inside the HKWAC object. This object is responsible for managing the Homekit Wireless Access Control setup process. A threat actor can craft a malicious payload to control values inside the object causing the ecobee3 device to connect to a separate WiFi access point.
Given the nature of memory attacks, it may be possible to extend this attack further to achieve code execution.
The Wireless Access Configuration (WAC) server is present on the ecobee3 device on TCP port 1200. Usually this function is employed when connecting the device to a WiFi access point during initial setup via an iOS device. However, this service remains present after the device has been connected to a wireless network leaving it vulnerable to attack.
A threat actor can send a POST request to the endpoint 'http://:1200/config' with a request body that is greater than 512 bytes, resulting in an overflow of the HKWAC object. The HKWAC object is provisioned with 604 bytes, therefore any requests larger than 604 bytes results in the next object on the heap being corrupted, which could be a path to achieve code execution.
Vulnerable HKWAC object
HKWAC object as initially provisioned
However, a threat actor can send a payload greater than 512 bytes but less than 604 to control specific elements of the HKWAC object including flags which are used to validate whether previous steps of the WAC process have been complete, such as if the ecobee3 is in 'Access Point' (AP) mode. By exploiting the structure, a threat actor can 'trick' the ecobee3 into accepting a new WiFi access configuration resulting in the device disconnecting from the current access point and connecting to a threat actor controlled access point.
Flags checked in HKWAC object
Byte 592 calls HKWifiConnectSetup function
As an example, the device was connected to the SSID 'TheFlooNetwork' using the typical setup procedures. The research team then sent a crafted payload which overflowed the HKWAC object and caused the device to connect to the SSID 'hackpi'. The payload did not require authentication, and could potentially be used in cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks.
ecobee3 lite connected to "TheFlooNetwork"
Payload sent to device causing it to change WiFi access points
Serial output shows device chaning to "hackpi" WiFi access point
Request sent on new access point to "/configured" to compelte the setup
Serial output shows the device completing the setup process


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To access the properties of an extension, simply double-click on the extension in the Extension tab, in the Multi-tree Navigator.
The extension properties are explained below.
- Name of the extension. See rules for naming elements.
Indicates the Database Management System (DBMS) type that the extension is prepared to work with. This property is used during the validation of the extension to, for example, check whether the physical table name associated with an entity is valid or not.
The possible values are:
- Free text that describes the extension. Useful for documentation and knowledge transfer purposes. The maximum size of this property is 255 characters.


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AIDC project number: 107045
Juanyu (Jenny) Liu (UAF)
US Department of Transportation (RITA); Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Facilities
When spring comes to cold regions, the active layer (the top few feet of soil that freezes and thaws seasonally) thaws quickly, while deeper soil remains frozen. The active layer becomes saturated with water from snowmelt that collects atop the frozen layer. In these circumstances, roads across Alaska almost float on a soft foundation. Too often, poorly supported pavement buckles and sags under the weight of heavy tractor trailers and other vehicles, and it remains deformed once the soils drain and re-stabilize. One way to reduce this damage is to control the amount of fines (essentially rock dust) in a pavement mixture. This project investigated base course materials commonly used in Alaska's roads. Liu's team observed changes in the stiffness of the materials, as well as how their soil-water characteristics change under freeze-thaw cycles, and how different percentages of fines and moisture influence material properties. Field tests in Alaska's three DOT&PF regions and subsequent lab research have been completed. Data from this study will be used to produce better pavement designs, particularly in some rural areas, where project engineers might be forced to use locally available material with high fines content.


is then realized by the assay (a process). A relationship between a specifically dependent continuant and a generically dependent continuant, in which the generically dependent continuant depends on some independent continuant in virtue of the fact that the specifically dependent continuant also depends on that same independent continuant. Multiple specifically dependent continuants can concretize the same generically dependent continuant. concretizes function of this catalysis function is a function of this enzyme a relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A function inheres in its bearer at all times for which the function exists, however the function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists. function_of is function of function of quality of this red color is a quality of this apple a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A quality inheres in its bearer at all times for which the quality exists. is quality of quality_of quality of role of this investigator role is a role of this person a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A role inheres in its bearer at all times for which the role exists, however the role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. is role of role_of role of has function this enzyme has function this catalysis function (more colloquially: this enzyme has this catalysis function) a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many functions, and its functions can exist for different periods of time, but none of its functions can exist when the bearer does not exist. A function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists. has_function has function has quality this apple has quality this red color a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist. has_quality has quality has role this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator) a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. has_role has role derives from this cell derives from this parent cell (cell division) this nucleus derives from this parent nucleus (nuclear division) a relation between two distinct material entities, the new entity and the old entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity This is a very general relation. More specific relations are preferred when applicable, such as 'directly develops from'. derives_from derives from derives into this parent cell derives into this cell (cell division) this parent nucleus derives into this nucleus (nuclear division) a relation between two distinct material entities, the old entity and the new entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity This is a very general relation. More specific relations are preferred when applicable, such as 'directly develops into'. To avoid making statements about a future that may not come to pass, it is often better to use the backward-looking 'derives from' rather than the forward-looking 'derives into'. derives_into derives into location of my head is the location of my brain this cage is the location of this rat a relation between two independent continuants, the location and the target, in which the target is entirely within the location Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See _URL_ location_of location of located in my brain is located in my head this rat is located in this cage a relation between two independent continuants, the target and the location, in which the target is entirely within the location Location as a relation between instances: The primitive instance-level relation c located_in r at t reflects the fact that each continuant is at any given time associated with exactly one spatial region, namely its exact location. Following we can use this relation to define a further instance-level location relation - not between a continuant and the region which it exactly occupies, but rather between one continuant and another. c is located in c1, in this sense, whenever the spatial region occupied by c is part_of the spatial region occupied by c1. Note that this relation comprehends both the relation of exact location between one continuant and another which obtains when r and r1 are identical (for example, when a portion of fluid exactly fills a cavity), as well as those sorts of inexact location relations which obtain, for example, between brain and head or between ovum and uterus Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See _URL_ located_in _URL_ located in 2D boundary of the surface of my skin is a 2D boundary of my body a relation between a 2D immaterial entity (the boundary) and a material entity, in which the boundary delimits the material entity A 2D boundary may have holes and gaps, but it must be a single connected entity, not an aggregate of several disconnected parts. Although the boundary is two-dimensional, it exists in three-dimensional space and thus has a 3D shape. 2D_boundary_of boundary of is 2D boundary of is boundary of 2D boundary of has 2D boundary my body has 2D boundary the surface of my skin a relation between a material entity and a 2D immaterial entity (the boundary), in which the boundary delimits the material entity A 2D boundary may have holes and gaps, but it must be a single connected entity, not an aggregate of several disconnected parts. Although the boundary is two-dimensional, it exists in three-dimensional space and thus has a 3D shape. has boundary has_2D_boundary has 2D boundary immediately preceded by David Osumi-Sutherland starts_at_end_of X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) immediately preceded by immediately precedes David Osumi-Sutherland ends_at_start_of meets X immediately_precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) immediately precedes surrounded by x surrounded_by y if and only if x is adjacent to y and for every region r that is adjacent to x, r overlaps y surrounded by adjacent to adjacent to temporal relation move to BFO? Allen A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations. temporal relation starts inverse of starts with Chris Mungall Allen starts member of An organism that is a member of a population of organisms is member of is a mereological relation between a item and a collection. is member of member part of SIO member of has member has member is a mereological relation between a collection and an item. SIO has member 'consumer of food' eats food eats SIO_000001 A is related to B iff there is some relation between A and B. 'is related to' is the top level relation in SIO core relations+ is related to has measurement value has measurement value has specified value A relation between a value specification and a number that quantifies it. A range of 'real' might be better than 'float'. For now we follow 'has measurement value' until we can consider technical issues with SPARQL queries and reasoning. PERSON: James A. Overton OBI has specified value beta12orEarlier Moby:GCP_SimpleCitation Moby:Publication Bibliographic data that uniquely identifies a scientific article, book or other published material. Bibliographic reference Reference Citation beta12orEarlier Function A function that processes a set of inputs and results in a set of outputs, or associates arguments (inputs) with values (outputs). Computational method Computational operation Computational procedure Computational subroutine Function (programming) Lambda abstraction Mathematical function Mathematical operation Computational tool Process sumo:Function Operation beta12orEarlier Search or query a data resource and retrieve entries and / or annotation. Database retrieval Query Query and retrieval beta12orEarlier Query scientific literature, in search for articles, article data, concepts, named entities, or for statistics. Literature search beta12orEarlier Search a database (or other data resource) with a supplied query and retrieve entries (or parts of entries) that are similar to the query. Search Database search beta12orEarlier true true Protein and peptide identification, especially in the study of whole proteomes of organisms. Metaproteomics Peptide identification Protein and peptide identification Proteomics beta12orEarlier true true Whole genomes of one or more organisms, or genomes in general, such as meta-


Does existing lease hold your land?
Ethan Vessels Marietta Attorney Published:
MARIETTA -- Landowners are abuzz about leasing their land for shale production. New leases are typically paying royalties greater than the traditional 12.5%. New leases now come with up-front "bonuses" just to sign the lease. Some "bonuses" have reached as high as $5,000 per acre.
But, what if there is already a lease covering your land? The leases typically in place will preserve all of the oil and gas rights to the lessee to the center of the earth. So, if there is an existing gas lease, the landowner usually cannot re-lease the same property.
The question is: How long does an oil and gas lease endure? Most existing gas leases contain a habendum clause that specifies the duration of the lease. These leases have a primary term ranging from a few months to several years. This means that the lease, at a minimum, exists from the signing date until the end of the primary term.
Then, most leases have a secondary term. Most state that the lease will continue "so long as oil or gas is found in paying quantities" or similar words. This means that the lease continues as long as the lessee is profitably producing the well.
However, questions arise.
How much is "paying quantities"? Ohio courts have not provided a firm cutoff. Courts have held that zero production is not "paying quantities." Courts look to see if royalties have been paid to the landowner. Even small royalties are often sufficient to establish "paying quantities."
But….royalty means royalty. Some shallow producers are sending out small checks claiming to be royalties, but they are nothing but small checks. A true royalty should verifiably be correlated to the production from the property. Random small checks, unrelated to actual production, are not royalties.
Gaps in production? If production declines or stops, the operator has an obligation to restore production. The oft-quoted saying is that "the law abhors a forfeiture." So, courts will not fault an operator for stopping production for several months to get the well producing again. Several years is another matter.
What can the landowner do to cancel an unproductive lease? The first method is the statutory forfeiture. Under Ohio law, the landowner can send a notice via certified mail to the lessee declaring that the lease is void.
If the lessee fails to respond, and after thirty days from receipt, but before sixty days, the landowner can then file an "Affidavit of Forfeiture" with the county recorder's office. This notifies all potential lessees that the land is free of the lease that previously held the property.
Usually, however, the lessee responds. By statute, the lessee can file an "Affidavit of Production" or "Affidavit of Non-forfeiture" with the recorder's office. This nullifies the landowner's attempt to cancel the lease.
The only remaining option is to file a lawsuit. The landowner sues the operator/producer. The landowner asks the court to declare that the lease is expired because gas or oil is not being produced in paying quantities. Ultimately, the court will conduct a trial to decide whether the production satisfies the terms of the lease.
If the court sides with the landowner, the Court will issue an order directing the county recorder to cancel the lease. If the court sides with the operator, the lease remains in effect.
Is all of this worth it? Ten years ago, probably not.
Today? Yes, it is. As a landowner, you may be wrongfully barred from reaping the benefits of the new leases -- simply because the existing lessee claims "production." It is worth checking.
Disclaimer. As with all articles on legal issues, this article is intended for educational and informational purposes. The reader should not rely on this article as a substitute for actual legal advice regarding his or her particular case. You should consult an attorney regarding the specifics of your situation.
Ethan Vessels is an attorney in Marietta, Ohio with the firm of Fields, Dehmlow & Vessels, LLC. His firm is actively representing landowners throughout East and Southeast Ohio regarding oil & gas lease forfeiture actions, as well as royalty disputes and other oil & gas matters. Visit for more information.
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Definition of barn :
1. A covered building used chiefly for storing grain, hay, and other productions of a farm. In the United States a part of the barn is often used for stables.
2. To lay up in a barn.
group B, brooder, aviary, cowshed, type B, bacillus, coop, sty, dairy, cow barn, Dutch barn, shed, B, cote, vitamin B, bullock lodge, kennel, cow house, hutch, vitamin B complex, farmstead, atomic number 5, doghouse, fold, outhouse, shelter, pen, boron, farmhouse, mow pad, byre, chicken house
- Ruth kept right on from the barn, across the field, into the " old place." - "We Girls: A Home Story", Mrs. A. D. T. Whitney.
- Like the building of a fire under the barn to keep his cat warm. - "The Wide Awake Girls in Winsted", Katharine Ellis Barrett.
- Roger stood there waiting, then turned and walked slowly out of the barn. - "His Family", Ernest Poole.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Thanks to the efforts of high school students, Ramachandra Vilasam has been digitised , making it accessible to all.
How do you go about being creative in using the various software that is used to study geometry and image programming? High school students from Chavara sure know to have a little fun with such software that is usually used for learning mathematics.
Ramachandra Vilasam, the first Malayalam epic poem that confines to all rules of composition, will be produced by the high schools students in digitalised version, from the poet's native place — Chavara, Kollam, under the aegis of IT @School and Vidhyarangam Kala Sahitya Vedi. The digitalisation of the complete book, which is free of copyright regulations, is expected to be completed shortly.
The project will be digitalised using open free software that include OfficeWriter, GIMP (Graphical image manipulation programme), and Geogibra.
The students have become competent enough to use the GeoGibra software for drawing 'chitrasargam' which is used in teaching and learning geometry in mathematics
Ramachandra Vilasam, considered to be one of the first poetry that strictly adheres to all the rules of composition, has 21 sargas,1832 slokas and chitrasargam — a must for epic poetry that depicts verses under the sargas in the form of pictures.
The theme of the poem is based on Ramayana, except the part called "Utharakandam", which has been omitted in the epic poetry. The first book composed by Azhakath Padmanabha Kurup was published in 1907.
The project is being developed by the student members of the IT club and Vidyarangam Kala Sahitya Vedi members of 15 schools (Government and aided) in the sub-district of Chavara.
"I make sure I find free time during school hours to involve myself in this work. Since I am proficient in typing in Malayalam, the work is much easier and fun too," says Emilin P. Rapheal, a Std X student of St.Agnes High School who is involved in the digitalisation process.
Currently all the copyright-free text, except the Chitrasargam, is made available in the Malayalam free content wiki library, "wikigrandha shala".
IT @ School project master trainer and Vidyarangam Sahitya Vedi secretary V.M.Rajamohan is coordinating the project.
The text is available at: _URL_


Jewelry Diamonds
How To Distinguish Between Sapphire And Ruby
Sapphires as well as dark reds are actually gems that are actually both a kind of diamond mineral. While these gems are actually incredibly almost synonymous, each rocks are actually renowned for their shades, availability, as well as price. In the event that you're prepped to read more regarding realizing sapphires and also dark reds, their intriguing chemical similarities and also distinguishes, at that point happen analysis for a short guide on these charming precious stones.
Different colors of Rubies as well as Sapphires
The many things is actually the various in between pink sapphires and also pale reddish dark reds are actually confusing. There are actually no specific concepts about what color of reddish makes up (a dark red) and also what tone of pink makes up (a sapphire). Through which a number of the fashion jewelry homeowners acquire these smoggy variation as well as promotion pink diamond precious stones as light-toned dark reds.
The residential properties of each rocks are actually boundless: they each price an 8.0 on the Mohs firmness range, they each possess a refractive document of 1.747 – 1.769 as well as they each possess a certain gravitational force of 3.98 – 4.0.
The major difference in between dark red and also sapphire precious stones is actually shade. Dark reds are actually reddish plus all various other diamond different colors ranges are actually referred to as sapphires. Diamond sapphires possess various shades consisting of blue, orange, pink, as well as yellowish, while dark reds are actually merely reddish in different colors. Furthermore, some white colored sapphires are actually therefore dull in appearance that they can easily without a lot of an extent be actually misinterpreted for a precious stone at a look.
Schedule as well as Price Differences in between Sapphires as well as dark Reds
Authentic dark reds are actually to some extent rare, especially the quite desirable lifeless darkened reddish dark reds. Sapphires are actually a lot more usual than dark reds as well as they are actually a lot located in carat weight measurements that go beyond the measurements of many ruby gems. The differences in the availability in between all-natural dark reds as well as sapphires straight influence the cost variation in between these pair of precious stones. Dark reds are actually valued considerably greater than pearl precious stones if in uncertainty.
Various Meaning of Rubies as well as Sapphires
While each rocks are actually for all intents and also reasons the very same, they possess entirely distinguishing significance:
Dark reds are actually linked with sturdy passion, good luck, defense coming from a drawback, as well as personal inspiration. The dark red is actually the terrific jewel of December and also jewel of July.
Sapphires are actually associated with foundations, blissful info, reliability and also unwaveringness. The sapphire is actually the fantastic jewel of April and also the reducing advantage jewel of September.
Esoteric residential property of Rubies and also Sapphires
Aside from the extraordinary ramifications related to precious stones, there are actually lots of that depend on that the distinct strenuous symbols of these rocks offer esoteric homes of each rocks. For instance, the "observe your joy" type of vigor dark reds possess is actually treasured for its own ability to detox the blood stream and also strengthen the blood circulation platform. Blue sapphires, alternatively, are actually believed to peaceful over action in the physical body and also eliminate worry.
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LACMA May Fund The Fading Watts Towers
Due to a severe budget crisis, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art is interested in stepping into the breach as curator and conservator of the Watts Towers this summer to maintain the historic landmark.
The Towers were built by Italian immigrant construction worker Sabato Rodia in his spare time over a period of 33 years, from 1921 to 1954. He created the framework of steel, wire and concrete and ornamented the three main spires and their 14 surrounding sculptural elements with colorful bits of broken glass, pottery and seashells. His work is an example of non-traditional vernacular architecture and American Naïve art. Article LA Times.


The 101 On Malaysia's Orang Asli & Native Community. They're More Diverse Than We Think!
More than just "lain-lain".
Cover image via LRGS Evolutionary Genomics Orang Asli
The indigenous people of Malaysia are some of the oldest inhabitants of the land. Their historically-rich, mysterious lifestyles, and cultures have been the subject of fascination to many.
An undated photo of a Kenyah native man testing the bore of his blowpipe.
Image via Wikimedia Commons
From the more popular Orang Asli, Iban, and Dusun community, to the lesser known Lun Bawang people, they are usually just referred to as 'dan lain-lain' (others).
Our history textbooks don't exactly go into details about them either.
Temuan people in Kampung Orang Asli Bukit Jenuk in Dengkil, Selangor.
Image via flickr/tian yake
So, who are these people? What is their history and where are they now?
A Penan lady in Sarawak.
Image via Julien Coquentin/Daily Mail UK
The indigenous community in Malaysia is mainly divided by the Orang Asli who are native to Peninsular Malaysia, and the other native tribes that live in Sabah and Sarawak.
There are about 3,652,096 indigenous people in Malaysia and they make up 11.8% of the local population.
The Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia
An orang asli mother and child.
Image via Nicole Cultraro/Red Bubble
The literal translation of the Malay term 'Orang Asli' is 'original people'. The Orang Asli are generally classified under three main groups - Negrito (Semang), Senoi, and Proto-Malay (aboriginal Malay), with about 18 ethnic groups under them, collectively.
The three main groups of Orang Asli mostly live in different parts of Peninsular Malaysia, namely:
1. Negrito - northern region.
2. Senoi - central region.
3. Proto-Malay - southern region.
Bateq, Jahai, Kensiu, Kintaq, Lanoh, and Mendriq are some of the ethnic groups under Negrito Orang Asli, while the Senoi group is made up of a few other ethnic divisions including the Mah Meri, Jah Hut, Chewong, Temiar, Semai, and Semaq Beri people. As for the Proto-Malay group, there's Orang Kanaq, Orang Kuala, Orang Seletar, Semelai, Jakun, Temoq, and the Temuan people.
Altogether, there are about 205,000 Orang Asli living in various parts of Peninsular Malaysia now, representing about 0.84% of the national population.
What languages do they speak?
Despite the fact that the Orang Asli are grouped together, they are not a homogenous group. Linguistically, the Orang Asli are divided into two groups, one that speaks Austroasiatic languages and the other that's made up of Austronesian-speaking people.
Most of the Senoi and Negrito groups speak Aslian languages, which is a subdivision of Austroasiatic languages. The Austroasiatic language family has around 169 languages that are spoken mainly in Southeast Asia.
The Proto-Malay people speak Austronesian languages, except for Semelai and Temoq people who speak dialects which are Austroasiatic. Austronesian is the largest language family in the world. There are about 1,200 languages that fall under this language group including Malay, with speakers spread from Madagascar all the way to Hawaii in the north, and Southeast Asia.
Where do most of the Orang Asli community live at and what kind of lifestyles do they lead?
A group of orang asli children in Royal Belum, Perak.
Image via flickr/Muhammad Adzha
A large chunk of the Orang Asli people live in or close to forests, with about 60% of them living in the forest-fringe or rural areas in the country, while about 30% live in the forest interiors. Only about 1% of the Orang Asli community lives in settlements or areas close to urban centres.
The Semai, Temiar, Chewong, Jah Hut, Semelai, and Semoq Beri people mainly live very close to or within the forest areas, with most of them involved in hill paddy cultivation, hunting, and fishing. They also engage in trading activities for petai, durian, rattan, and resins.
Meanwhile, the Orang Laut, Orang Seletar, and Mah Meri typically live close to the coast and are skilled seafarers.
Here's a brief explanation on where these Orang Asli groups live at and how they earn a living:
Image via amrufm/flickr
The Negritos of Malaysia, also known as the Semang people, can mostly be found in Perak, Pahang, and Kedah, where they are also known as'sakai'. Sakai means 'debt slaves' and it is a derogatory term used to refer to the Orang Asli people in these areas. In the 18th and 19th century, quite a number of Orang Asli people were used as slaves, with many regarding them as "savages" and "jungle-beasts".
The Negritos from Kelantan and Terengganu are usually referred to as 'Pangan', which means forest people.
Ethnologically described as nomadic hunter-gatherers, most Semang still opt to lead semi-nomadic lifestyle, mostly relying on the bounties of the forests and seas.
The Senoi community can be found in the central region of Peninsular Malaysia but quite a number of them have moved to Cameron Highlands, Pahang.
They can usually be found living in long community houses, constructed of bamboo, rattan, and thatch, held away from the ground on poles. They grow, among other things, rice, bananas, bread-fruit trees and pumpkins. They are mainly vegetarians, but fish and certain forest animals are also on the menu.
With Cameron Highlands being a popular tourist spot, the Senoi people make use of their talents and expertise to carve blowpipes, weave baskets, and other souvenirs to sell it at the markets there. Some of the Senoi people also work in the plantations in Cameron Highlands.
This group of Orang Asli people can mostly be found along the Strait of Melaka and in southern Johor. Said to be similar in appearance to the Malay people, parts of the Proto-Malay community have assimilated into the local Malay community through interracial marriages.
However, people from the Jakun and Temuan community are still mainly involved in agriculture, with some even managing their own rubber, oil palm, or cocoa farms.
What kind of religions do the Orang Asli subscribe to?
Almost 70% of the Orang Asli community are traditionally animists, while 20% of them are Muslims (the numbers are growing slowly, especially among the Proto-Malay community), and the remaining 10% are Christians.
Animism is the religious belief that objects, places, and creatures all have a distinct spiritual essence. It attributes living souls to plants, inanimate objects, and natural phenomenon and it said to be oldest known type of belief system that even predates paganism.
The information above on the Orang Asli community was obtained from the Center For Orang Asli Concerns (COAC) website and the World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples.
What about the indigenous community in Sarawak?
Iban women from Rejang, Sarawak, wearing rattan corsets decorated with brass rings and filigree adornments, circa 1910.
Image via Charles Hose/Pinterest
The indigenous people make up the majority of the state's population at around 1,899,600 people or 70.1%
With its highly diverse demographics, Sarawak has around 40 sub-ethnic groups and each has its own unique culture, lifestyle, and language. These native tribes are informally referred to as the Dayak people and the biggest ethnic group within the Dayak community is Iban - they constitute about 30% of the population.
There's also Bidayuh, Orang Ulu, Kayan, Lun Bawang, Kelabit, Kenyah, Penan, Sebup, Bisaya, Melanau, Murut, Penan, Punan Bah, Berawan, and other minor ethnic groups that are part of the Sarawak indigenous population. Dayak languages are categorised under Austronesian languages.
Let's take a look at the brief history of four of the largest indigenous tribes in Sarawak.
1. Iban - the largest ethnic group in the Land of the Hornbills
Iban headhunting warriors.
Image via scribol
Also known as Sea Dayaks during the British colonial days, the Iban community are historically renowned for their ancient headhunting practices and for being a fiercely loyal warring tribe during the olden days.
Their excellent headhunting and tracking skills also came in handy during the Japanese occupation in the 1940s. Many Iban warriors fought against Japanese soldiers during military operations, and 14 of them were awarded with medals for helping to liberate the nation from communists.
Traditionally, Ibans live in communal structures referred to as longhouses (rumah panjai) but today many of these longhouses are equipped with modern facilities


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What is an air pollution episode?
Short term air pollution levels can remain low for weeks at a time, whilst higher levels tend to occur in episodes that can last several days.
These episodes are rarely the result of changes in local sources because the amount of traffic on the road remains fairly steady.
Instead, these episodes often happen when the weather conditions cause pollutant concentrations to build up above normal levels. They can also
be caused by the route the air has travelled over previous days. For example, if the air passes over Europe it can pick up pollutants on the way.
Most episodes can be termed as either winter smog or
summer smog episodes, which have different behaviour.
These episodes can affect health,
and raise the profile of air quality when they occur.
- You can see a description and pollutant levels for the latest episode
in London, and those back as far as May 2002.
- You can see a map of the latest hourly air quality.


Chromium OS > Chromium OS Build >
Improving Build Times
A Chromium-based OS can take a long time to build. However, you can perform many optimizations to speed up this process. Currently, the Chromium OS build system is driven by bash scripts that don't detect what items have changed. If you blindly use these scripts, you will be overbuilding and wasting precious time.
This page goes through each of the bash(or python) scripts, explaining what they do and when you have to run them. Another source of information is the -h option for each script.
This script creates the local chroot environment using the a prebuilt SDK chroot and prebuilt packages. Use the --replace option to replace a previous chroot environment (re-running this command will not delete your previous chroot). Once it has created the local chroot environment, cros_sdk will also chroot into the SDK and set up basic enviroment. If you prefer to just build and not enter, please use the --download option. In terms of what you see, this is the development environment that all packages see when they are building. This script resides in chromite, but should be accessible in your PATH if you have recent enough depot_tools.
This script builds your Chromium source for use with Chromium OS (special flags and environment changes are necessary for this to happen correctly). It then packages Chromium into a ZIP file that is used in
This script must be run outside of the chroot environment and needs to be re-run whenever major Chromium changes happen. Since building Chromium takes a long time, unless you are making changes to Chromium, avoid syncing and rebuilding whenever possible. This script is based around the build process of Chromium and so it is more intelligent and will only build what is necessary. You can also test the resulting executable without running it on a Chromium OS system.
This script does most of the building. It runs through all the directories in third_party and under platform and runs their script. builds the.deb file for that package to be installed into the final Chromium OS image.
If you only make changes to one package, you only need to call its (from within chroot of course) and copy/install that deb to your Chromium OS device. This will save you a lot of time and prevent from having to rebuild the image every time. You will need to modify this script if you add any packages yourself.
This scripts builds the kernel.
Builds the Chromium OS image. This script goes through all the packages in the ~/src/build/x86/local_packages and all the other packages listed in the prod text file in package_repo to create the Chromium OS image. The image is then placed under ~/src/build/images. From here you can convert the image to a VMWare image or install it to a USB drive.


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Cherrytree is a note-taking and syntax highlighting editor that can be used to collect and sort notes of all kinds. It offers a tree-based structure on the left side of the application to easily navigate through added notes collection. Each entry there represents a hierarchically sorted text page and is referred to as a "node".
The program name refers to the use of different colored cherries to mark different levels. One of the strengths of the program is the included editor.
Here are some Cherrytree key features:
- Numbered and unnumbered lists and enumerations
- Tables (can be imported and exported in CSV format)
- Code boxes with syntax highlighting via GtkSourceView (no further formatting possible)
- Hyperlinks: internal (on nodes or anchors) and external (files, folders, and internet addresses)
- available for many platforms through programming in Python – including Linux and Windows
- (Optional) password protection when saving notebook files
- Inserted images can be edited within limits (enlarge/reduce, rotate) and, if necessary, saved externally in PNG format
- Create a table of contents for a node (based on the lines formatted as a heading)
- Re-sorting of existing nodes via "Drag & Drop" or dialog box
Here we will learn how to install Cherrytree on OpenSUSE Leap Linux using the command terminal.
1. Open command Terminal
Simply press Ctrl+Alt+T to open the command terminal application on OpenSUSE leap and run the system update command:
2. Command to install Cherrytree on OpenSUSE leap
Cherrytree is already available in the official repository of OpenSUSE, thus no need to add any third-party repo… Just run this commandsudo zypper install cherrytree
3. Run Cherrytree
Go to Applications and search for it. Once you find the icon of this program clicks to run it. And you will have your open source syntax highlighter on OpenSUSE.


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Call Process Review
Following a decision by the 2015 General Convention of Synod (Resolution 151209), the then General Church Council commissioned an investigation into the LCA call process in order to hear from congregations about their views and expectations of the process and to identify ways the system could be improved.
The review made a number of recommendations. Overall it found that the system itself does not require significant structural change. However, it did identify that there is frustration about the system and a process that can be disheartening for some calling bodies. As a result, the review also identified scope for improvement in the efficiency and transparency of the process.
The General Church Board has received the report, considered its recommendations and approved a series of actions to implement them. These actions were developed in consultation with the College of Bishops. Some of them are already under development; for example, Church Worker Support is working on a framework for annual vocational reviews of pastors. Others will be developed and rolled out through this synodical period and beyond.
The focus of the actions is to support both calling bodies and pastors to:
- improve trust in the call process
- increase the chances of a good calling body/pastor fit
- improve the understanding of how the call process works, and
- ensure greater professionalism, and overall efficiency and transparency in the system.
These actions can be implemented through policy, operational processes and provision of resources to support all participants in the call system.
Click on the button below to read General Church Board's response to the recommendations of the review report.


Saturday, December 4, 2021
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 HomeDatabase ServicesFragmentation in Dictionary Managed Tablespace in Oracle Database
 Fragmentation in Dictionary Managed Tablespace in Oracle Database
 Prevent fragmentation in a tablespace is most crucial part of database administration. It degrades performance and wastes disk space. The article explains how fragmentation occurs in dictionary managed tablespace in Oracle database.
 Tablespace fragmentation is fairly common in most databases, and to a certain degree, it is almost inevitable, unless specific steps are taken to prevent it right from the time of initial database configuration and segment creation. Let's take a look at tablespace fragmentation to understand the issues involved and some preventive and ameliorative measures necessary to overcome it.
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 Tablespace fragmentation can be evidenced either as a contiguous chunk of free-space (termed as a bubble) or as a series of chunks appearing adjacent to each other (termed as a honeycomb). Thus, a bubble comprises one or more blocks that are coalesced, whereas a honeycomb comprises multiple bubbles. A honeycomb can be coalesced to form a single large bubble. Bubbles exist between subsequent extents allocated for segments stored in that tablespace. A small bubble, comprising one or just a few blocks, may result in wastage of space unless it is able to accommodate newer extents of segments within the tablespace. In case of honeycombs, if they comprise a large number of bubbles or even a small number of large bubbles, then chances of space-wastage is minimal since the honeycomb will be able to accommodate new extent allocations. However, small honeycombs consisting of two or three block bubbles, which are fairly common, are more likely to result in space-wastage, unless the extent sizes of segments that need to expand are small enough to fit within them.
 Both bubbles and honeycombs are remnants of extent de-allocations within the tablespace. When a table is dropped or truncated, the extents if previously occupied are released. Other reasons for extents being released include the use of the SQL command of de-allocate. Additionally, in the case of rollback segments or undo segments, extents may be released when the segment is shrunk. If the released extents are adjacent to each other, they form a honeycomb. Otherwise, f they are scattered throughout the tablespace, each extent effectively remains as a bubble. Also, if some of these de-allocated extents are located next to pre-existing bubbles, then they collectively form a honeycomb along with those older bubbles. Note that is in the case of honeycomb, by default, the border around each bubble remains intact, thus separating them from each other. However, it is possible to collect them to bring the borders down and form a contiguous large bubble. Also, if there are additional neighboring free-space chunks, they can be made part of this large chunk. Whenever a new extent needs to be allocated for a segment and the size of the new extent is lesser than or equivalent to the largest free-space bubble available, the extent can be allocated to that bubble. If the chunks released from dropping the table are not adjacent to each other nor are there any neighboring chunks of free-space available, each extent remains an independent bubble and a new extent can utilize the bubble only if the new extents specific size of the bubble.
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InfraSafe® Sediment Control Barrier
Available from Royal Environmental Systems, Inc.
Temporary and reusable, the InfraSafe® Sediment Control Barrier (SCB) is designed for use during construction projects. The SCB's filtration process prevents sediment and debris from entering the manhole and clogging the sewer system following rainfall events.
Reusable, easy-to-transport and built to last (100% polyethylene construction).
Reduces the time and costs involved with debris/sediment removal from the sewer system.
Boosts productive time, since set-up is much faster than traditional sediment control systems.
Filtration process combined with emergency overflow prevents ponding and flooding that can occur with common filter systems.
Improves the water quality of site runoff to save water-treatment expenses.
Ensures passable roadways and increases job site safety by limiting the depth of roadway flooding.
Available in circular or rectangular designs to fit applicable structure access openings.


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Breast cancer survivor and music teacher June Robison uses music to educate students about healthy eating.
The Daily Ardmoreite
Updated Feb. 15, 2013 @ 2:23 pm
Updated Feb. 15, 2013 @ 2:23 pm
» Social News
How can you get young children excited about eating right and exercising? This was the question June Robison, a music teacher and choir director at St. Stephens Elementary School in Newton, N.C., sought to answer after witnessing unhealthy eating patterns among her students. So she turned to what she knew best: music.
RELATED: Winning the Vegetable War
In 2011, June wrote and directed an original musical, entitled "How Fit Are You?", centered around the theme of healthy eating and physical activity. The play, which was performed in May of 2011 and 2012 by a chorus of fifth and sixth graders, used song and dance to educate children about the benefits of leading a healthy lifestyle.
Because the information was presented in a fun and memorable way, the play's message stuck. "Putting words to rhythm makes concepts easier to remember," June, 52, says. "When I ask the children how many servings of fruit and vegetables they're supposed to be eating everyday, they can immediately answer."
Many of St. Stephens' students come from low-income families and do not receive proper nutrition at home. But according to June, the musical—which addressed everything from dental hygiene and getting enough sleep to choosing whole grains—was effective at encouraging students to make better nutritional decisions.
"The kids are now more apt to try new veggies and fruits that we serve in our cafeteria," June says, explaining that many of St. Stephens' students receive free lunches. "Some of them have never seen fruits and vegetables like kiwis or zucchini before."
Although nutrition is an extremely important component of June's everyday life, this wasn't always the case. A diagnosis of Stage 1 breast cancer in January 2010 forced June, then 49, to realize that she needed to step up her health game.
"I had the mindset that I was too young to be affected by cancer," says June, who said her trim figure also fooled her into thinking that her health was a given. "I know differently now, and have come to the realization that it is beneficial to be proactive in living a healthy lifestyle, no matter your age or size."
Aided by her strong religious faith, and the support of her friends and family, June survived the cancer. But the trial opened her eyes to the power of nutrition. "My diet has completely changed," she said. "The cancer made me realize the importance of treating my body right."
Since then, June has revamped her eating habits, swapping out her beloved bacon and chocolate for fresh fruit, vegetables and whole grains. To make fresh produce even more accessible—and delicious—June maintains a garden in her backyard, where she grows cherry tomatoes and fresh strawberries.
June's healthy habits have been rubbing off on her husband, Kenny. "I have significantly influenced my husband to develop better eating habits. He eats a more plant-based diet now," June says. "By doing so, in 6 weeks, he lost 15 pounds."
In the next few months, June hopes to write another school musical—this time, one that broaches the subject of drugs and alcohol. "I want to focus on educating students about the dangers of substance abuse. I know that if I can relay that information in skits, it might stick a little better," June says.
Making a difference in children's lives through music: this, precisely, is why June loves what she does. "Music has always been important to me," the music teacher says. "I felt like that was my calling—to use music to help people."
Brought to you by: Spry Living


In this paper, thermal avoidance in tethered flying locusts is described far the first time. Changes in body posture examined using high- speed cinematography revealed that the animals responded to a laterally positioned heat source with contralaterally directed abdomen and hindleg ruddering, behavioural patterns resembling manoeuvres observed in collision avoidance and in response to auditory signals. The analysis also showed that, during stimulation, left and right forewing depression became asymmetrical during the downstroke but remained symmetrical during the upstroke. Hindwing depression and elevation remained symmetrical during stimulus presentations. Electromyographic recordings from the left and right first basalar muscles (M97; forewing depressors) showed that contralateral depressor muscle activity was advanced by 10-12 ms relative to that on the stimulated side. There was also an increase in burst duration on the contralaterally stimulated side and an increase in wingbeat frequency of approximately 3Hz. Ablation experiments showed that removal of the antennal flagella, which are the site of previously described thermoreceptors, did not abolish thermal avoidance manoeuvres. We conclude that thermal avoidance is triggered by an infrared sensitivity that is not mediated by the compound eyes, the ocelli or the antennal flagella.
behaviour, flight, infrared sensitivity, insect, locomotion, Locusta migratoria, motor pattern, steering, temperature
Journal of Experimental Biology
Department of Biology
Robertson, R.M. (R. Meldrum), Kuhnert, C.T. (Christopher T.), & Dawson, J.W. (1996). Thermal avoidance during flight in the locust Locusta migratoria. Journal of Experimental Biology, 199(6), 1383–1393.


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Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
- Rhymes: -eɪʃən
indentation (plural indentations)
- The act of indenting or state of being indented.
- A notch or recess, in the margin or border of anything; as, the indentations of a leaf, of the coast, etc.
- A recess or sharp depression in any surface.
- The act of beginning a line or series of lines at a little distance within the flush line of the column or page, as in the common way of beginning the first line of a paragraph.
- A measure of the distance from the flush line; as, an indentation of one em, or of two ems.
notch or recess in a margin or border
recess or sharp depression in a surface
act of beginning a line at a distance from the flush line


Materials
Materials_250
Penetration Grading
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Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this Pavement Interactive article:
"Penetration Grading" 16 August 2007. _URL_ <_URL_ 29 May 2015
Print this pageEmail this to someoneShare on FacebookTweet about this on TwitterShare on Google+Share on LinkedInShare on RedditDigg this
The penetration grading system was developed in the early 1900s to characterize the consistency of semi-solid asphalts. Penetration grading quantifies the following asphalt concrete characteristics:
Penetration grading's basic assumption is that the less viscous the asphalt, the deeper the needle will penetrate. This penetration depth is empirically (albeit only roughly) correlated with asphalt binder performance. Therefore, asphalt binders with high penetration numbers (called "soft") are used for cold climates while asphalt binders with low penetration numbers (called "hard") are used for warm climates. Penetration grading key advantages and disadvantages are listed in Table 1.
Table 1. Advantages and Disadvantages of the Penetration Grading from Roberts et al., 1996[1])
Advantages Disadvantages
The test is done at 25° C (77° F), which is reasonably close to a typical pavement average temperature. The test is empirical and does not measure any fundamental engineering parameter such as viscosity.
May also provide a better correlation with low-temperature asphalt binder properties than the viscosity test, which is performed at 60° C (140° F). Shear rate is variable and high during the test. Since asphalt binders typically behave as a non-Newtonian fluid at 25° C (77° F), this will affect test results.
Temperature susceptibility (the change in asphalt binder rheology with temperature) can be determined by conducting the test at temperatures other than 25° C (77° F). Temperature susceptibility (the change in asphalt binder rheology with temperature) cannot be determined by a single test at 25° C (77° F).
The test is quick and inexpensive. Therefore, it can easily be used in the field. The test does not provide information with which to establish mixing and compaction temperatures.
Penetration grades are listed as a range of penetration units (one penetration unit = 0.1 mm) such as 120 – 150. Penetration grades specified in AASHTO M 20 and ASTM D 946 are listed in Table 2.
Table 2. AASHTO M 20 and ASTM D 946 Penetration Grades
Penetration Grade Comments
40 – 50 Hardest grade.
60 – 70 Typical grades used in the U.S.
85 – 100
120 – 150
200 – 300 Softest grade. Used for cold climates such as northern Canada (Roberts et al., 1996[1])
A few states still have provisions for the penetration grading system. These will most likely disappear as the Superpave PG system becomes more prevalent.
Footnotes (↵ returns to text)
 1. Roberts, F.L.; Kandhal, P.S.; Brown, E.R.; Lee, D.Y. and Kennedy, T.W. (1996). Hot Mix Asphalt Materials, Mixture Design, and Construction. National Asphalt Pavement Association Education Foundation. Lanham, MD.

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Thanks for sharing Penetration Grading.


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The Arab Organization for Industrialization (AOI) has implemented 600 water treatment plants at a cost of EGP 18bn, with a total disposal capacity of more than 3m cubic meters per day (cm³/day).
An AOI official told Daily News Egypt that the current sewage treatment projects have capacities ranging from 15 cm³/day to 150,000 cm³/day. He revealed that AOI has also completed the design, implementation, and installation of the Compact sewage treatment plant with a capacity of up to 1,500 meters cm³/day.
He explained that the technology used in wastewater treatment includes: activated sludge plant (ASP), rotating disc system, submerged aerated filter (SAF), suspended media filters (SMF), sequencing batch reactor (SBR), non-electric filter, and trickling filter.
The stations implemented by the ASP system include a sewage treatment plant in Dakahlia Governorate with a capacity of 1,500 cm³/day, and a sewage treatment unit with a capacity of 35,000 cm³/day in Aswan Governorate.
The stations implementing the rotating disc system include a wastewater treatment plant in Dahab, South Sinai, with a capacity of 8,000 cm³/day.
He pointed to the implementation of industrial wastewater treatment plants, where the units were launched from 50 cm³/day to 500 cm³/day for various factories.
With regard to the purification of surface water treatment processes, the source stressed that the AOI is currently implementing more than 20 plants with a capacity of 5,000 to 10,000 cm³/day.


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Taspar eggs were eggs that originated from the Cardassian creature called a taspar. Taspar eggs could be eaten boiled or raw. Most Cardassians were revolted by the sight of live taspar; it had a brownish color and a gelatinous consistency.
As a starving homeless child, Madred scavenged for and ate raw taspar eggs straight from the shell.
Several years later, in 2369, Gul Madred served a raw taspar egg in a similar manner to a captive Captain Jean-Luc Picard in an effort to degrade him. Picard, however, refused to give in to Madred, and ate the Taspar raw, much to Madred's amusement. (TNG: "Chain of Command, Part II")


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|Determinants of child immunization in Nepal: The role of women's empowerment.|
||Pandey, S., & Lee, H.
||Health Education Journal, On-line first, Sept 2011 doi: 10.1177/0017896911419343
Background: Approximately 1.4 million or 13% of all children who die each year could be prevented with widely-available vaccines.
Objective: We examined if women's empowerment improved child immunization using data on 1,056 mothers with young children from Nepal.
Methods: The study utilized the 2006 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, a nationally-representative sample of 10,793 women from 8,707 households across Nepal. We selected all mothers with first child between the ages of 12 and 23 months at the time of interview. This resulted in a sample of 1,056 mothers.
Results: Among the measures of women's empowerment, mothers' education was significantly associated with child immunization. The odds of being fully immunized for children of mothers with secondary education were 5.91 times the odds for children of mothers without any formal education. Other measures of women's empowerment – women's age at birth of first child, gap in age between spouses, women's knowledge about sexually-transmitted diseases, their role in intra-household financial, health and mobility decisions, and their perceptions toward wife beating – were not associated with child immunization. Among control variables, mothers who received antenatal care were 3.31 times as likely to immunize their children as mothers who did not receive any antenatal care. Other such barriers to health service use such as cost of care, distance to health services, and quality of health services were not significant.
Conclusions: To improve child immunization, Nepal should strengthen its antenatal care services. Additionally, over 56% of mothers in Nepal had no formal education; to improve child health in the long run, the country should focus on education of women and girls.


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|λ, k, Sometimes shortened to: conductivity a measure of the ability of a substance to conduct heat, determined by the rate of heat flow normally through an area in the substance divided by the area and by minus the component of the temperature gradient in the direction of flow: measured in watts per metre per kelvin|
|the offspring of a zebra and a donkey.|
|a gadget; dingus; thingumbob.|
A measure of the ability of a material to transfer heat. Given two surfaces on either side of the material with a temperature difference between them, the thermal conductivity is the heat energy transferred per unit time and per unit surface area, divided by the temperature difference. It is measured in watts per degree Kelvin.


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Shikaden is the four secret teachings. It consist of the temaes:
- Satsuubako – Serving two koicha.
- Karamono – Using a chinese chaire.
- Daitenmoku – Using a chinese teabowl on a stand.
- Bondate – Using a chinese chaire on a tray.
Since many people recieve the wakin Kyojo together with the shikaden the ofthen mistakenly thinks this is also a shikaden. The shikaden papers are given out after the konorai and before okuden.
Since these temaes are secret teachings and they should only be transmitted from teacher to student, and not through books. There will be no further information about these temaes on this wiki. You will also discover that there are no books to study these temaes from either.


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Nanoindentation of gold nanorods with an atomic force microscope
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The atomic force microscope (AFM) can be used to measure mechanical properties of nanoscale objects, which are too small to be studied using a conventional nanoindenter. The contact mechanics at such small scales, in proximity of free surfaces, deviate substantially from simple continuum models. We present results from atomistic computer simulations of the indentation of gold nanorods using a diamond AFM tip and give insight in the atomic scale processes, involving creation and migration of dislocations, leading to the plastic deformation of the sample under load, and explain the force–distance curves observed for different tip apex radii of curvature, as well as different crystallographic structure and orientation of the gold nanorod samples.