What Is Cloudflare Railgun™? Improve WordPress Speed 100%
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What Is Cloudflare Railgun™? Improve WordPress Speed 100%
What Is A Cloudflare Railgun™?
1. What is Railgun?
Railgun is a WAN optimization technology. CloudFlare's Railgun technology greatly speeds up the delivery of non-cached pages. Although CloudFlare automatically caches 65% of the resources required to make up a page, 35% can't be cached mainly because the resources are dynamically generated or marked as 'do not cache'. That 35% is often the initial HTML of the page that must be downloaded first. CloudFlare Railgun speeds this remaining 35%.
2. What are the benefits of Railgun?
Sites running Railgun show a 143% improvement in HTML load times and a 90% decrease in Time To First Byte (TTFB) responses.
3. How does Railgun work?
Railgun opens a secure, tunneled connection between the CloudFlare network and your host's origin server where the connection only sends differences from the last request. This is similar to how video encoding works.
The markup of websites does not change that frequently from one request to the next. Instead of relocating the entire request between CloudFlare and the origin server, Railgun will transfer only the alterations in markup from one request to the next. This cuts down on bandwidth, transfer time, and overall page load times. Railgun caches these differences in memory to make page processing as prompt as possible.
4. What kind of sites can use Railgun?
Any website can benefit from the effectiveness improvements Railgun offers, especially dynamic sites.
5. What much does Railgun cost?
If you purchase Railgun directly through CloudFlare, it costs $200/month. On the other hand, I provide it for Free with any package ordered.
6. How do I enable Railgun on my site?
Login to cPanel
Navigate to Cloudflare
Create An Account
Click Provision Account With CNAME Setup
Enable Railgun
Allow 24 Hours For SSL To Propogate
Remember, if you're using SSL on your website, it will have to be regenerated by Cloudflare. This process takes up to 24 hours and may create errors on your secure pages.
Personally, I recommend enabling this during the weekend/off peak hours to avoid any interruption in traffic.
7. What if I'm having issues enabling Railgun?
If you experience issues when enabling Railgun, just Contact me
8. I'm not a CloudFlare customer, can I still use Railgun?
No. You need to be a CloudFlare client in order to use Railgun.
9. I'm seeing an error on my site and I think Railgun is causing it, what should I do?
If you are using Railgun via cPanel, you can turn it off straight from your control panel. Otherwise, log into your CloudFlare account, go to Performance Settings and turn Railgun off from there.
10. Remind me, what is CloudFlare?
CloudFlare provides performance, security and availability to web properties. CloudFlare runs a globally distributed network where they automatically cache static content, filter malicious traffic and help offload big spikes in traffic. On average, a site loads twice as fast, uses 65% fewer server resources and has an additional layer of security.
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text:
The Michigan Road
Ripley County, named for War of 1812 General Eleazer Wheelock Ripley, was formed in 1818.
Most of the Michigan Road in Ripley County was never added to the modern state highway system. US 421 leaves the Michigan Road shortly after entering Ripley County and doesn't rejoin it until shortly before leaving the county. Just before the road leaves Jefferson County, it curves to the east a bit; just after it enters Ripley County, to stay on the Michigan Road you have to follow a side road, as this map shows. I highlighted the Michigan Road as a green line on the map.
This excerpt from an 1870 atlas suggests that a fork once existed where the road now curves east, and the Michigan Road ran straight north and briefly through what is now the Jefferson Proving Ground. The map shows the east fork, now US 421, running through Rexville and the west fork, the Michigan Road, running more northerly. The only hitch is that the fork actually would have been just south of the county line in Jefferson County. But if this is a simple matter of mapmaker error in locating the fork, then that at some point about two miles of the original route were abandoned for the current configuration. If you view an aerial map of this area at maximum zoom, you can see spots of what might have been the road along the line where the road would have been.
US 421 continues straight towards Versailles and Osgood. During the early 20th century, somehow the US 421 route became the modern Michigan Road, and was even signed as such. The real Michigan Road gets very little notice today as it provides an intimate view to a great deal of farmland and passes through a very small town.
To see the Michigan Road auto trail through Versailles and Osgood, follow this side trip.
Here's where the Michigan Road turns off US 421.
Turning onto the "old" Michigan Road, you immediately feel like you've stepped out into the country. Except for the road having been widened to two lanes and paved, this landscape has probably changed little in 100 years.
Shortly after turning onto this segment, but before the Michigan Road turns north, a stone one-lane bridge appears, as this video shows.
I found nothing on the bridge that tells when it was built, but I guess late 1800s.
The bridge looks good for its age, although the bridge footers show obvious modern repair work. Under the bridge, it's obvious a sealant was applied at some point, but it did not seem to help much.
The bridge's deck appeared solid. I wonder whether the deck was originally stone.
Here's the view from the bridge. Notice JPG's perimeter road just inside its fence. This photo is a bit misleading that it makes the road look as wide as the bridge. In reality, two cars can pass on the road, but would more than rub elbows on the bridge.
About five miles north of the bridge, the JPG fence pulls away and disappears, and then the road enters little New Marion, as this map shows.
This old house stands on the southwest corner of 4th and Main.
On the northeast corner of 3rd and Main stands the St. Magdalene Catholic Church. Its original building stood a few miles away inside what is now the Jefferson Proving Ground. When the Army took over in 1941, the church's cemetery moved to the Michigan Road north of Madison, while the congregation rebuilt here.
This interview with a woman who lived in New Marion during World War II tells of when the church was moved:
There was a big catholic church, it was St. Magdalene and they moved that, all the cemetery, all the plots, dug them all up, the stone and everything, and the people had no say so, they were just told we'll give you so much money for your land and you get out, and you had a certain amount of time to do it, and so neighbors, who had knew each other for years and generations were scattered everywhere.
She also talked about what it was like living next to JPG during the war:
When we were in high school, and when we, after the war started, and they used this area, this Jefferson Proving Ground to test ammunition. They dropped bombs from airplanes, so it was a very noisy time. It was uh, we could sit on our back step at home and it was like fireworks all the time, and you could see them dropping the bombs, and flares would go up, and the noise was so bad that it would break windows in our house and in the town where we lived, and it would knock flowers out of windows, and you could hear the bombs go off, so you were always aware that there was a war going on...
Just north of 1st St. stands the New Marion Baptist Church. Its building has two dates on it, 1835 and 1868.
Just north of town lies the New Marion Cemetery, which some sources say is associated with the Baptist Church.
After driving so many miles in the country, it's a bit of a surprise to come upon US 50, one of the original U.S. highways running over 3,000 miles from Maryland to California. A Michigan Road historical marker stands on the southeast corner of the intersection. It needs to be restored.
Just past US 50 the Michigan Road crosses the Ohio and Mississippi railroad track, where the town of Dabney once stood.
A bit north of the tracks is the Dabney Baptist Church, the only reminder of the old town. The church started in nearby Otter Village in 1852, but moved here in 1854 to be near the railroad. This building was completed in 1885.
Here's a southbound shot of the road just north of Dabney.
As the road nears Napoleon, somebody spray-painted "St. Maurice 2008 CYO Champs" on the roof of this curious building, which stands on the southeast corner of 700N.
This stone culvert (or is it a very small bridge?) is just beyond 700N.
I wonder if this side used to be as tall as the other, but the stones above roadway level were removed at some point.
Even this far out in the country, the signs faithfully remember the road's heritage.
Here's a southbound shot of the road over the stone culvert.
When the Michigan Road reaches the south end of Napoleon, it makes a hard right and quickly ends at US 421. The map labels the road as 850N, but it is signed Michigan Road. Notice that if you follow the Michigan Road's path straight north, it meets US 421 somewhere north of Jackson St. My guess is that it used to do just that, but was abandoned after the road that is now US 421 was built.
This excerpt from an 1856 Indiana atlas in the David Rumsey collection, supports my theory. I've highlighted the Michigan Road in blue and the road from Versailles and Osgood that became US 421 in red.
North of the turn, the road becomes a gravel path briefly, as this southbound photo shows.
It provides access to the Lutheran Cemetery. Past the cemetery's north edge, the gravel becomes two-track briefly and then the road disappears. I would like someday to explore along this corridor for clues.
Here's where the road ends at US 421.
Napoleon was platted in 1820 with an east-west main street that is State Road 229 today. The Michigan Road is Madison St.
Check out the burglar alarm above the door of the 1904 Napoleon State Bank building on the northwest corner of Main and Madison.
The current Napoleon State Bank stands on the southeast corner. This bank has four branches in nearby towns and has managed to stay independent, which is no mean feat today.
I ducked down Main Street for a minute, where I found the 1838 Central House, a former stop for people driving hogs from Indianapolis to Cincinnati along an early stagecoach route. It is used today for the occasional play or musical.
Back on the Michigan Road, this building houses the Bonaparte's Retreat restaurant.
On the southwest corner of Wilson St. stands this flour mill, about which I have so far been able to find out nothing.
What's really interesting about this building is seeing the two new signs painted on it with all the old ones long fading.
The only White Lily flour I have been able to find information about is pretty much a Southern institution, well known for making the most tender biscuits. But that White Lily flour was, until 2006, made exclusively in Knoxville, Tennessee.
On the northwest corner of Wilson St. is this very large old house.
The old house stands at the east end of Berry's Trace, later known as Brownstown Road. It ran west to at least the east fork of the White River, where it joined a "three-notch" road that ran from Indianapolis to the falls of the Ohio River. I haven't been able to figure out Berry's Trace's route for certain.
Heading north out of Napoleon, this little creek comes out from behind a gas station and runs alongside the Michigan Road.
Directly across the street, drivers are reassured they're still on US 421 as they leave town.
From Napoleon, it's a short distance to the Decatur County line. Just before you get there, if you don't keep your eyes peeled you'll miss this old house on the right. It appears to be abandoned.
Here's a closer look at the house.
Created 18 June 2008. Updated 13 March 2009, 2 January 2012.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


outputs, so precise characterization of event
 propagation is required for accurate delay computation.
 Although many different propagation conditions (PCs)
 have been proposed for delay computation, their
 properties and relationships have been far from clear.
 We present a systematic analysis of delay computation
 based on a series of waveform models that capture
 signal behavior rigorously at different levels of
 details. The most general model, called the exact of W0
 model, specifies each event occurring in a circuit
 signal. A novel method is presented that generates
 approximate waveforms by progressively eliminating
 signal values from the exact model. For each waveform
 model, we drive the PCs that correctly capture the
 requirements under which an event propagates along a
 path. The waveform models and their PCs are shown to
 form a well-defined hierarchy, which provides a means
 to trade accuracy for computational effort. The
 relationships among the derived PCs and existing ones
 are analyzed in depth. It is proven that though many
 PCs, such as the popular floating mode condition,
 produce a correct upper bound on the circuit delay,
 they can fail to recognize event propagation in some
 instances. This analysis further enables us to derive
 new and useful PCs. We describe such a PC, called safe
 static. Experimental results demonstrate that safe
 static provides an excellent accuracy/efficiency
 tradeoff.",
 acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
 generalterms = "Performance; Theory; Verification",
 journal-URL = "_URL_
 keywords = "delay computation; event propagation; false path; path
 sensitization; propagation condition; timing analysis;
 waveform modeling",
 subject = "Hardware --- Integrated Circuits --- Design Aids
 (B.7.2): {\bf Verification}; Hardware --- Logic Design
 --- Design Aids (B.6.3): {\bf Verification}",
}
@Article{Thadikaran:1997:ACB,
 author = "Paul Thadikaran and Sreejit Chakravarty and Janak
 Patel",
 title = "Algorithms to compute bridging fault coverage of
 {IDDQ} test sets",
 journal = j-TODAES,
 volume = "2",
 number = "3",
 pages = "281--305",
 month = jan,
 year = "1997",
 CODEN = "ATASFO",
 ISSN = "_PHONE_ (print), _PHONE_ (electronic)",
 bibdate = "Fri Jul 27 10:05:33 MDT 2001",
 bibsource = "_URL_
 _URL_
 URL = "_URL_
 _URL_
 abstract = "We present two algorithms, called list-based scheme
 and tree-based scheme, to compute bridging fault (BF)
 coverage of {\em I DDQ\/} tests. These algorithms use
 the novel ideal of ''indistinguishable pairs,'' which
 makes it more efficient and versatile than known fault
 simulation algorithms. Unlike known algorithms, the two
 algorithms can be used for combinational as well as
 sequential circuits and for arbitrary sets of BFs.
 Experiments show that the tree-based scheme is, in
 general, better than the list-based scheme. But the
 list-based scheme is better for some classes of
 faults.",
 acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
 generalterms = "Algorithms; Design",
 journal-URL = "_URL_
 subject = "Hardware --- Logic Design --- Design Aids (B.6.3):
 {\bf Simulation}",
}
%%% Check page gap: 306--311 between issues 3 and 4 of volume 2 ??
@Article{Xu:1997:LDR,
 author = "Min Xu and Fadi J. Kurdahi",
 title = "Layout-driven {RTL} binding techniques for high-level
 synthesis using accurate estimators",
 journal = j-TODAES,
 volume = "2",
 number = "4",
 pages = "312--343",
 month = jan,
 year = "1997",
 CODEN = "ATASFO",
 ISSN = "_PHONE_ (print), _PHONE_ (electronic)",
 bibdate = "Fri Jul 27 10:05:33 MDT 2001",
 bibsource = "_URL_
 _URL_
 URL = "_URL_
 _URL_
 abstract = "The importance of effective and efficient accounting
 of layout effects is well established in High-Level
 Synthesis (HLS), since it allows more realistic
 exploration of the design space and the generation of
 solutions with predictable metrics. This feature is
 highly desirable in order to avoid unnecessary
 iterations through the design process. In this article,
 we address the problem of layout-driven
 register-transfer-level (RTL) binding as this step has
 a direct relevance to the final performance of the
 design. By producing not only an RTL design but also an
 approximate physical topology of the chip-level
 implementation, we ensure that the solution will
 perform at the predicted metric once implemented, thus
 avoiding unnecessary delays in the design process.",
 acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
 generalterms = "Algorithms; Design; Measurement; Performance",
 journal-URL = "_URL_
 subject = "Hardware --- Register-Transfer-Level Implementation
 --- Design (B.5.1); Hardware --- Integrated Circuits
 --- Types and Design Styles (B.7.1): {\bf Gate arrays};
 Hardware --- Integrated Circuits --- Design Aids
 (B.7.2): {\bf Layout}",
}
@Article{Munch:1997:EIB,
 author = "Michael M{\"u}nch and Norbert Wehn and Manfred
 Glesner",
 title = "An efficient {ILP-based} scheduling algorithm for
 control-dominated {VHDL} descriptions",
 journal = j-TODAES,
 volume = "2",
 number = "4",
 pages = "344--364",
 month = jan,
 year = "1997",
 CODEN = "ATASFO",
 ISSN = "_PHONE_ (print), _PHONE_ (electronic)",
 bibdate = "Fri Jul 27 10:05:33 MDT 2001",
 bibsource = "_URL_
 _URL_
 URL = "_URL_
 _URL_
 abstract = "To adopt behavioral synthesis techniques in existing
 design flows, the synthesis methodology must provide
 the designer with a mechanism to specify a component's
 interface timing. This will permit pre- and
 postsynthesis validation through cosimulation with
 other subsystems or even through formal verification.
 In control-flow dominated designs, additional timing
 constraints will result in a complex
 specification/constraint system for which the
 scheduling problem has been shown to be NP-complete. In
 this article, we present a mathematical framework for
 solving a special instance of the scheduling problem in
 control-flow dominated behavioral VHDL descriptions
 given that the timing of I/O signals has been
 completely or partially specified. It is based on a
 code-transformation approach that fully preserves the
 VHDL semantics. The scheduling problem is mapped onto
 an integer linear program (ILP) solvable in polynomial
 time assuming a restricted partial order on selected
 statements. It captures both control-flow and timing
 constraints in a single model and also exploits
 dataflow information to optimize the statement sequence
 across basic block boundaries.",
 acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
 generalterms = "Algorithms",
 journal-URL = "_URL_
 subject = "Hardware --- Register-Transfer-Level Implementation
 --- Design (B.5.1): {\bf Control design}; Hardware ---
 Register-Transfer-Level Implementation --- Design Aids
 (B.5.2): {\bf Automatic synthesis}; Hardware ---
 Register-Transfer-Level Implementation --- Design Aids
 (B.5.2): {\bf Optimization}",
}
@Article{Freund:1997:CEA,
 author = "L. Freund and M. Israel and F. Rousseau and J. M.
 Berg{\'e} and M. Auguin and C. Belleudy and G.
 Gogniat",
 title = "A codesign experiment in acoustic echo cancellation
 {GMDF}",
 journal = j-TODAES,
 volume = "2",
 number = "4",
 pages = "365--383",
 month = jan,
 year = "1997",
 CODEN = "ATASFO",
 ISSN = "_PHONE_ (print), _PHONE_ (electronic)",
 bibdate = "Fri Jul 27 10:05:33 MDT 2001",
 bibsource = "_URL_
 _URL_
 URL = "_URL_
 _URL_
 abstract = "Continuous advances in processor and ASIC technologies
 enable the integration of more and more complex
 embedded systems. Embedded systems have become
 commonplace in recent years. Since their
 implementations generally require the use of
 heterogeneous resources (e.g., processor cores, ASICs)
 in one system with hard design constraints, the
 importance of hardware/software codesign methodologies
 increases steadily. HW/SW codesign approaches consist
 generally of HW/SW partitioning and scheduling,
 constrained code generation, and hardware and interface
 synthesis. This article presents the codesign of an
 industrial experiment in acoustic echo cancellation
 (GMDF algorithm); and emphasizes the partitioning and
 communication synthesis steps. This experiment


text:
- What can a spy satellite see?
- How many spy satellites are there?
- What was the first spy satellite?
- What countries have spy satellites?
- Can satellites see through walls?
- Can you see satellite from Earth?
- What are the 3 types of satellites?
- What is the most expensive satellite?
- How much does a spy satellite cost?
- What is the most powerful satellite?
- What are spy satellites used for?
- Who launched the first spy satellite?
What can a spy satellite see?
Optical image reconnaissance satellites use a charge coupled device (CCD) to gather images that make up a digital photograph for transmission back to Earth from an altitude of about 200 miles.
They have an imaging resolution of 5-6 inches, which means they can see something 5 inches or larger on the ground.
How many spy satellites are there?
No one knows how many spy satellites there are in orbit. Here's what we do know. Humanity has filled space with a staggering number of satellites in the 60-odd years since Sputnik, with the United States Space Surveillance Network currently tracking more than 8,000 man-made orbiting objects.7 Jan 2016
What was the first spy satellite?
DISCOVERER/CORONA: FIRST U.S. RECONNAISSANCE SATELLITE
It was to launch into orbit a camera-carrying spacecraft that would take photographs of the Soviet Union and return the film to Earth. The secret spy satellite was dubbed Corona by the CIA.
What countries have spy satellites?
Countries By Number of Military Satellites
|Rank||Country||Number of Military Satellites|
|3||People's Republic of China||68|
15 more rows
16 Mar 2018
Can satellites see through walls?
NOAA satellites have the capability to provide astounding views of the Earth. But many people want to know if these satellites can see their house, or even through their roofs and walls to the people inside. Satellites differ greatly in the level of detail they can "see".27 Nov 2017
Can you see satellite from Earth?
Yes, we can see satellites in particular orbits as they pass overhead at night. Viewing is best away from city lights and in cloud-free skies. Eventually the satellite will fly into the Earth's shadow and then suddenly disappear from view. The International Space Station (ISS) can be very bright.2 Jul 2013
What are the 3 types of satellites?
Types of Satellites and Applications
- Communications Satellite.
- Remote Sensing Satellite.
- Navigation Satellite.
- Geocentric Orbit type staellies – LEO, MEO, HEO.
- Global Positioning System (GPS)
- Geostationary Satellites (GEOs)
- Drone Satellite.
- Ground Satellite.
What is the most expensive satellite?
Scientists at the Space Applications Centre in Ahmedabad are also anxious as they go about fabricating unique components for the massive satellite. Together, Indian and American scientists are making what is possibly the world's most expensive earth imaging satellite that will cost the countries over USD 1.5 billion.25 Jun 2017
How much does a spy satellite cost?
A typical weather satellite carries a price tag of $290 million; a spy satellite might cost an additional $100 million [source: GlobalCom]. Then there's the expense of maintaining and repairing satellites.
What is the most powerful satellite?
"The heaviest, largest and most powerful satellite ever built by India is successfully launched by Ariane-5 today," ISRO Chairman K Sivan said moments after the launch. GSAT-11, Sivan said, is going to India's "richest space asset".5 Dec 2018
What are spy satellites used for?
To monitor Earth's climate and weather, weather satellites are used. Spy -or Espionage- satellites are used for intelligence purposes. They are also known as reconnaissance or recon satellites. Communications satellites are helpful in relaying radio signals to various parts of the world.
Who launched the first spy satellite?
The first Corona launch containing a camera was carried out in June 1959 with the cover name Discoverer 4. This was a 750 kilogram satellite launched by a Thor-Agena rocket. The return capsule of the Discoverer 13 mission, which launched August 10, 1960, was successfully recovered the next day.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


by this locator111 @params 112 locator - one of: String Locator instance name113 String locator definition (using By.CSS_SELECTOR)114 tuple locator containing (value, locator type)115 @returns116 webelement or list of webelements117 """118 if type(locator) == str:119 # a string definition key was passed in120 if locator in self.locators.keys():121 # we have a definition for this locator key122 #return self.driver.find_elements(getattr(By, self.locators[locator].by), self.locators[locator].locator)123 return self.locators[locator].find()124 else:125 # default to By.CSS_SELECTOR if we don't recognize it126 return self.find(('CSS_SELECTOR', locator))127 else:128 # a tuple definition was passed in129 return self.driver.find_elements(getattr(By, obj[0]), obj[1])130 def find_child(self, webelement, locator):131 """132 Find exactly one instance that is a child of the given webelement, identified by this locator. 133 If multiple elements are found, returns the first in the list.134 @params135 locator - one of: String Locator instance name136 String locator definition (using By.CSS_SELECTOR)137 tuple locator containing (value, locator type)138 @returns139 webelement identified by this locator.140 """141 results = self.find_children(webelement, locator)142 if len(results) == 0:143 raise Exception('Locator '%s' not found' % locator)144 return results[0]145 def find_children(self, webelement, locator):146 """147 Find all instances that are children of a given webelement, identified by this locator.148 @params 149 locator - one of: String Locator instance name150 String locator definition (using By.CSS_SELECTOR)151 tuple locator containing (value, locator type)152 @returns153 webelement or list of webelements154 """155 if type(locator) == str:156 # a string definition key was passed in157 if locator in self.locators.keys():158 # we have a definition for this locator key159 return webelement.find_elements(getattr(By, self.locators[locator].by), self.locators[locator].locator)160 else:161 # default to By.CSS_SELECTOR if we don't recognize it162 return self.find_children(webelement, ('CSS_SELECTOR', locator))163 else:164 # a tuple definition was passed in165 return webelement.find_elements(getattr(By, obj[0]), obj[1])166 def get_locator(self, name):167 """168 Return the raw locator value of a given Locator name169 @params170 name - name of the Locator instance171 @returns172 String value of the locator, regardless of locator type.173 """...
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text:
Which is the first Indian 3D film?
My Dear Kuttichathan
The first Indian 3D movie My Dear Kuttichathan,which released 27 years ago and was later dubbed in Hindi as Chhota Chetan,will soon hit the screen in its digitalised version with some new characters and situations to make it more enjoyable.
Which Hindi movie made in 3D in 1998?
Development. My Dear Kuttichathan was the first Indian film to be filmed in 3D.
Is Kalabhavan Mani acted in My Dear Kuttichathan?
Kalabhavan Mani began his acting debut in feature films at the age of 13. He was seen as a magician in the popular children's movie My Dear Kuttichathan in 1984. He then went on to play small roles in films, working his way up the career ladder to play the lead roles in several films later on.
Who suggested the name My Dear Kuttichathan?
The upside-down song But Raghunath Paleri came up with the idea of the Kuttichathan using his magical powers to walk up a wall, and onto the ceiling. When Paleri pitched it to Sheker, he proposed the idea be re-written for a song. The idea sounded simple.
What is the first Colour film in India?
Kisan Kanya was known as India's first colour film but did not start the colour era in Indian Cinema. Kisan Kanya was shot in Cinecolor. Colour era in Indian Cinema started in the mid 1950s.
Which cartoon is most popular?
Number 9: X-Men: The Animated Series (1992)
Who is the first film actor in India?
King Harishchandra) is a 1913 Indian silent film directed and produced by Dadasaheb Phalke. It is often considered the first full-length Indian feature film….Raja Harishchandra.
|Cinematography||Trymbak B. Telang|
|Edited by||Dadasaheb Phalke|
|Production company||Phalke Films Company|
|Release date||3 May 1913|
Who is known as the lady of Indian film?
Its founders Devika Rai and her husband Himanshu Rai had only one motivation – to bring homegrown movies at par with the West. Devika Rani is also called the first lady of Indian cinema.


text:
ABSTRACT - DELIVERABLE 196
Report on the restoration success of two lowland streams following re-meandering projects
Lowland streams are characterised by a gentle slope of terrain (zero to five per mill) and sandy soil. They occur in the flat lowland areas of the Western European plain. Lowland streams are fed by rainwater; they often lack a well-defined source. Thus, their discharge shows a smoothed relation with the amount and frequency of precipitation in the various seasons.
Lowland streams occur in the eastern and southern part of the Netherlands. Their current velocity varies from 5-30 cm s-1 in summer and early autumn and from 30-60 cm s-1 in late autumn to spring. Often the rainwater fed upper courses dry up in summer, though sometimes they are fed by a helocrene spring and then show a more constant discharge pattern (Verdonschot, 1990).
After a long period of adapting lowland streams and their catchments to agricultural, domestic, drinking water and industrial needs, awareness of the damages of these alterations has increased. In the Netherlands, only about 4% of the streams still have a natural hydro-morphology. On the last ten years, the ecological importance of streams has become more and more apparent.
Currently, stream restoration is one of the answers to the lowland stream deterioration. In order to make the proper choices in stream restoration; one firstly has to understand the complex spatial and temporal interactions between physical, chemical and biological components. The success of restoration depends on steering the appropriate key factor(s). Whichever factor this is, differs for each stream and each site.
To provide a more detailed idea of the status of the ecological effects of lowland stream restoration projects a pragmatic approach is to analyse current project. This means learning by doing!. The examples analysed examples represent an average overview of stream restoration in The Netherlands. They make clear what can be expected looking more in detail at the positive and negative aspects from an ecological point of view.
Download deliverable report [82 kB]


text:
A Nigerian bishop has told UK politicians that prayer is the key to combating jihadist groups in Africa.
Bishop Oliver Dashe Doeme made this claim while speaking at the launch of Aid to the Church in Need's Religious Freedom in the World: Africa Update in the UK Parliament.
Bishop Doeme shared his experience from his work in the Diocese of Maiduguri: "The biggest source of hope, the greatest weapon we have against groups like Boko Haram, is prayer. Prayer has turned the tide against the terrorists in the north-east of Nigeria.
"In my diocese, we started a Rosary campaign in 2013 and since then, thousands of terrorists have surrendered their weapons. Many displaced people have returned home and the situation has improved.
"It is only through prayer that we will win the war we are fighting. Our fight is, first and foremost, a spiritual battle."
The bishop urged UK politicians to encourage the Nigerian government to take stronger action against extremism, including support for those displaced by terrorist activities. He also called for independent bodies to be allowed to investigate alleged atrocities.
Aid to the Church in Need's report highlighted a surge of violence by jihadist groups across sub-Saharan Africa. It cited a 2023 study showing that violent incidents by militant Islamists accounted for 77% of all reported violent events across Africa in 2022.


text:
Posted by Lewis on May 17, 2004
In Reply to: Re: Hammer posted by R. Berg on May 16, 2004
: : : : Doe the phrase *Hammer something into someone* mean to force someone to to remember something by repeating it, and therefore equivalent of *cramming*?
: : : : thanks
: : : Yes and no. It does mean to repeat something forcefully and frequently. "Cramming" doesn't contain that element of repeating, repeating, repeating...
: : Isn't "hammering" something in akin to learning by rote?
: : Cramming is last-minute desperate learning as practiced by college students the night before a test.
: To hammer something into someone can mean to repeat the point forcefully with the goal of having the person take it seriously (e.g., obey a rule of behavior), not necessarily the goal of simply having the person remember it. Cramming is confined to learning facts, and students do it themselves. One doesn't cram somebody else.
it's a metaphor based on DIY/carpentry - if you 'hammer home' a nail, you knock it all the way in and if a lesson is 'hammered home' then that means that the importance has been strongly emphasised and the person learning has taken it in in the same way as a piece of wood takes a nail
- when a nail has been hammered home it cannot easily be removed. there is an implication of a lack of subtlety on the part of the teacher.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


- English
 - Nederlands
Tian'anmen Square Beijing / Peking
The Square of Heavenly Peace is the symbolic center and political heart of Beijing. On this square, Tian'anmen Square, located apart from the gate of the Forbidden City, is the immense mausoleum of former leader Mao Zedong.
The square measuring 880 by 500 meters and has a total area of 440,000 sqm oppervakte ware a million people can come together. In the middle of the square stands the Monument to the People's Heroes.
The square is flanked by tall buildings from the fifties, the Great Hall of the People and the National Museum of China.


text:
Ernest Dudley Chase (_PHONE_)
Widely regarded for his drawings, greeting cards, and maps during his lifetime, Ernest Dudley Chase was born in Lowell, Mass. in 1878. He attended the Lowell Textile School and the Vesper George Art School of Boston. He then joined the Butterfield Printing Company in 1900 and the W. T. Sheehan printing firm in 1906. In 1908, he began his own greeting card company, Des Arts Publishers, which later became Ernest Dudley Chase Publishers. In 1921, the Rust Craft company purchased Ernest Dudley Chase Publishers. Chase held the positions of vice president, advertising manager, and creative director with Rust Craft until his retirement in 1958. Chase also wrote a history of the greeting card industry entitled The Romance of Greeting Cards published in 1926. His pictorial maps include historical references, decorative borders, and architectural embellishments. After a creative and illustrious career, Chase died in 1966 in Hyannis, Mass. This information borrowed from the website of the Winchester Public Library: _URL_ The Winchester Public Library has a collection of Ernest Dudley Chase's maps, and we recommend that you visit their website for more information and to see more of his maps. Photo from the State Library of Massachusetts.
Maps of Antiquity is located on Cape Cod
Generally open 10-5 Call ahead: _PHONE_
1409 Main Street (Route 28)
Chatham, Massachusetts 02633


text:
This content is not included in your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Effects of Transient Power Extraction on an Integrated Hardware-in-the-Loop Aircraft/Propulsion/Power System
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Published November 11, 2008 by SAE International in United States
Annotation ability available
Event: Power Systems Conference
As aircraft continue to increase their power and thermal demands, transient operation of the power and propulsion subsystems can no longer be neglected at the aircraft system level. The performance of the whole aircraft must be considered by examining the dynamic interactions between the power, propulsion, and airframe subsystems. Larger loading demands placed on the power and propulsion subsystems result in thrust, speed, and altitude transients that affect the aircraft performance and capability. This results in different operating and control parameters for the engine that can be properly captured only in an integrated system-level test.
While it is possible to capture the dynamic interactions between these aircraft subsystems by using simulations alone, the complexity of the resulting system model has a high computational cost. This paper investigates the possibility of using hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) power extraction with real time simulation of the airframe and propulsion subsystems. This method captures the interdependency of engine performance during transient shaft loading (to produce electrical power) and aircraft system-level changes that result from the same power extraction. The dynamic interactions between aircraft subsystems highlight the need for system-level analysis using a combination of high-fidelity computer models and hardware in a real-time environment to fully and accurately understand system-level capabilities and stability.
CitationCorbett, M., Lamm, P., McNichols, J., Boyd, M. et al., "Effects of Transient Power Extraction on an Integrated Hardware-in-the-Loop Aircraft/Propulsion/Power System," SAE Technical Paper 2008-01-2926, 2008, _URL_
- Lucas C. E. Walters E. A. Jatskevich J. Wasynczuk O. Lamm P. T. "A Distributed Heterogeneous Simulation of a Representative Aircraft Power System" 2002 SAE Power Systems Conference Proceedings October 2002 Coral Spring, Florida
- Gastineau Z. "Robust Internal Model Turbomachinery Control," Ph.D. Dissertation Mechanical Engineering Department, Southern Methodist University Dallas, Texas 1998
- BLUEMAX 5 User's Manual" SURVIAC August 2007 Wright-Patterson AFB Ohio
- Ramalingam S. Green A. Lamm P. Barnard H. Walters E. Wells J. "Integrated Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation of a Complex Turbine Engine and Power System" SAE Paper 2006-01-3035 2006 SAE Power Systems Conference Proceedings November 2006 Orleans, Louisiana
- Corbett M. Williams J. Wolff M. Walters E. A. Wells J. Lamm P. "Transient Turbine Engine Modeling and Real-Time System Integration Prototyping" SAE Paper 2006-01-3040 2006 SAE Power Systems Conference Proceedings November 2006 New Orleans, Louisiana
- Corbett M. Lamm P. Miller K. Wolff J.M. Walters E. "Transient Analysis of an Aircraft/Propulsion System with Hardware-in-the-Loop Power Extraction." AIAA Paper 07-5114 43rd AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference July 2007
- Corbett M. Lamm P. Owen P. Phillips S.D. Blackwelder M. Alt J.T. McNichols J. Boyd M. Wolff J.M. "Transient Turbine Engine Modeling with Hardware-in-the-Loop Power Extraction." AIAA Paper 08-5932 6th International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (IECEC) July 2008


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Katherine Burson / Erb Colloquium
December 4, 2015 @ 12:00 am EST
Associate Professor of Marketing, Ross School of Business, University of Michigan
Abstract: Energy consumption is a growing concern, driving legislation requiring manufacturing of more fuel-efficient cars and more transparent scales to convey fuel-efficiency. However, consumers' understanding of fuel efficiency and its cost when expressed on different scales is unclear. Expanded scales of fuel use (e.g. over 10,000 miles) lead consumers to perceive greater differences between cars than contracted scales (e.g. fuel use over 1 mile). Katherine Burson and co-authors provide empirical evidence of scale expansion amplifying differences in attribute values using both constant-multiplication and inverse-ratio (e.g., miles per gallon vs. gallons per ten thousand miles) expansions in a conjoint design. Choice of fuel-efficient cars is systematically impacted by these manipulations. Expanded scales also increase attribute importance weights derived from conjoint partworths. However, these realized changes in importance weights cannot be distinguished from changes in consumers' internal representations of attribute values, and thus should be interpreted with care. Additionally, they show that expansions are moderated due to diminishing sensitivity. The same patterns appear when they examine choices of food. Their findings suggest important implications for both marketing academics as well as policy makers trying to shift choice toward fuel-efficient options.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]
December 4, 2015
12:00 am EST
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Event Tags:


''DataAdapter'' ''marshal by reference, disposable'
DataAdapter marshal by reference, disposable
System.Data.Common (system.data.dll) abstract class
DataAdapter classes are provider-specific types that act as a bridge between a data source (such as a SQL Server database) and the ADO.NET System.Data.DataSet . DataAdapter s have two responsibilities: to retrieve the results of a query and place it in a System.Data.DataSet (when you call the Fill( ) method), and to reconcile changes in the System.Data.DataSet and apply changes back to the data source (when you call the Update( ) method.
An ADO.NET provider includes its own custom DataAdapter (such as System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataAdapter ). Unfortunately, DataAdapter classes have a complex inheritance hierarchy. The base functionality is defined by two interfaces: System.Data.IDataAdapter (which defines the Update( ) and Fill( ) methods) and, for relational database providers, a System.Data.IDbDataAdapter (which defines the command properties used for interacting with the data source). The relational database provider-specific DataAdapter implements only one of these interfaces directly (System.Data.IDbDataAdapter ). It implements the other indirectly by deriving from DbDataAdapter , which in turn derives from this class. This situation is illustrated more clearly in Figure 36-2. This allows some basic DataAdapter functionality to be implemented in this class (so the provider-specific DataAdapter doesn't need to). It also allows the provider-specific class to use strongly typed Command properties but still support generic access to these properties as System.Data.IDbCommand objects (thanks to the interface).
Generally, you won't ever use the DataAdapter class directly. If you want to create generic data-access code that can use different provider-specific ADO.NET objects, you always cast the DataAdapter to the System.Data.IDbDataAdapter interface. Note that the DataAdapter class contains a mix of abstract members the provider-specific class must override and members that need no alteration (mainly, its properties). Some properties that are implemented in this class include TableMappings (which maps data source table and field names to table and field names in the System.Data.DataSet ) and ContinueUpdateOnError (which, if true , continues updating even if some changes can't be committed and stores an error message in the corresponding System.Data.DataRow.RowError property). You can also set MissingMappingAction to tell the DataAdapter what to do if it finds a column or table that doesn't have a mapping (by default, it adds it using the name used in the data source) and MissingSchemaAction to tell the DataAdapter what to do when adding tables to a System.Data.DataSet that doesn't have a schema (it can retrieve schema information automatically, throw an exception, or simply add the table without schema information, which is the default).
public abstract class DataAdapter : System.ComponentModel.Component , System.Data.IDataAdapter {
// Protected Constructors
 protected DataAdapter( );
 protected DataAdapter( DataAdapter adapter);
// Public Instance Properties
 public bool AcceptChangesDuringFill{set; get; }
 public bool ContinueUpdateOnError{set; get; }
 public MissingMappingAction MissingMappingAction{set; get; } // implements System.Data.IDataAdapter
 public MissingSchemaAction MissingSchemaAction{set; get; } // implements System.Data.IDataAdapter
 public DataTableMappingCollection TableMappings{get; }
// Public Instance Methods
 public abstract int Fill( System.Data.DataSet dataSet); // implements System.Data.IDataAdapter
 public abstract DataTable[ ] FillSchema(System.Data.DataSet dataSet,
 System.Data.SchemaType schemaType); // implements System.Data.IDataAdapter
 public abstract IDataParameter[ ] GetFillParameters( ); // implements System.Data.IDataAdapter
 public abstract int Update( System.Data.DataSet dataSet); // implements System.Data.IDataAdapter
// Protected Instance Methods
 protected virtual DataAdapter CloneInternals( );
 protected virtual DataTableMappingCollection CreateTableMappings();
 protected override void Dispose( bool disposing); // overrides System.ComponentModel.Component
 protected virtual bool ShouldSerializeTableMappings( );
}
Hierarchy
System.Object figs/U2192.gif System.MarshalByRefObject figs/U2192.gif System.ComponentModel.Component(System.ComponentModel.IComponent, System.IDisposable) figs/U2192.gif DataAdapter(System.Data.IDataAdapter)
Subclasses
DbDataAdapter
 Part I: ADO.NET Tutorial
 Part II: ADO.NET Core Classes
 Part III: API Quick Reference
 Chapter 34. The System.Data Namespace

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User Guide
 - 2021.2
 - 03/26/2021
 - Public Content
Unhandled Application Exception
Occurs when the application undergoing analysis crashes because of an unhandled exception thrown by the application.
Problem type: Unhandled application exception
Code Location
Represents the instruction that threw the exception.
C Example
The following C example is overly simplified to provide possible scenarios where these types of errors may occur.
void problem1 (int *y) { *y = 5; } void problem2() { int *x = new int; }
Two exceptions are possible in this example:
 - y
 may not reference a valid memory address; therefore the write instruction may cause an exception. If that exception is not properly handled, the
 Intel Inspector
 shows an unhandled exception pointing to the write instruction at
 - If the application is out of memory, the allocation throws an exception. If the exception is unhandled by the application, the
 Intel Inspector
 shows an unhandled exception associated with the allocation.
Fortran Example
The following Fortran example is also overly simplified to provide possible scenarios where this type of error may occur.
function problem1(a) integer, allocatable :: a(:) a(5) = 1 problem1 = 1 end function problem1 function problem2(a) integer, allocatable :: a(:) allocate(a(1000)) problem2 = 1000 end function problem2
Possible Correction Strategies
This problem usually indicates an existing bug in your application that manifests during analysis. In general, it is good programming practice to ensure allocations succeed and references are valid before using them.
Product and Performance Information


closed off for a classic car and hot rod rally that provided a colourful parade on the first evening and the next day a chance for the whole town to get up close and admire some beautifully preserved cars from an era that is sadly over.
On our final leg back to Halifax along the Lighthouse Route we came across a replica lighthouse at the Seal Island Lighthouse Museum in Barrington. Here the original Fresnel lens of the Seal Island Lighthouse is on display and the reason the museum was created in the first place which was to preserve a piece of local history that was responsible for saving countless lives over the years. For more than 300 years storms, fog and powerful tides have led to more than 160 shipwrecks off the coast of Seal Island. In 1823 two families from Barrington settled there as a base for their fishing and ended up providing shelter to shipwreck survivors. In 1831 a lighthouse was constructed and it remained staffed until 1990. For 76 years the lens was in use and, because of its significance, when the local communites learned in 1977 the lens was going to be relocated to the National Museum of Science & Technology in Ottawa, they mounted a campaign to build a half size replica that would house the lens and other artifacts locally. Great place to tour the inside of a lighthouse and it also offers fabulous views from the top.
Next stop was historic Birchtown outside of Shelburne where another piece of seldom discussed Canadian/British history took place. In 1783 Shelburne was initially settled by 17,000 British loyalists who had remained loyal to Britain during the American Revolution and had fled to Nova Scotia where they had been offered free land to settle, (another 14,000 settled in New Brunswick). Along with the white loyalists there were also 3,000 blacks who had taken up Britain's offer of freedom if they escaped from the plantations and joined up to fight and their names were listed in the Book of Negroes at the end of the War. The blacks formed the community of Birchtown and it became the largest settlement of free Africans outside of Africa. Not surprisingly, when they came to Nova Scotia they weren't given the equal amount of land they were entitled to and, whatever land they did receive, was of poor quality. In order to support themselves they had to work for low wages and the whites complained the blacks were taking jobs away. A race riot erupted and a number of the black homes in Birchtown were set on fire and destroyed. With none of their grievances being successfully addressed more than half of the black population left for Sierra Leone in Africa where they were assured free land in the settlement of Freetown. The blacks who remained have formed the ancestral basis of today's Black Nova Scotian community and a recently opened Black Loyalist Heritage Centre tells their story (along with that of the legalized slavery that existed in Canada until it was phased out between 1793 and 1833) in a beautifully displayed interactive setting.
In need of some refreshment we stopped in at Shelburne itself where, coincidentally, they were having their annual Founders Day celebration in the historic district by the waterfront. The Mi'kmaq, whose land this was before any settlers arrived (and with whom the signed treaties were finally enshrined in the Constitution Act of 1982 and formally recognized by the Supreme Court of Canada in 1985) exist in the same uneasy peace within Canada as other First Nations groups do as a result of the residential school trauma, forced changes to their way of life, and disputes over natural resources. It was Nora Bernard, a Mi'kmaq activist, who led the original class action suit (on behalf of 79,000 residential school survivors) that went on to become the largest in Canadian history.
There were lots of other lighthouses to check out including the Fort Point Lighthouse in Liverpool, Nova Scotia's 3rd oldest, and of course Peggy's Cove which we had visited previously but there were also some amazing white sand beaches, like the one at Beach Meadows, which had to be sampled.
It was time now to say goodbye to the Maritimes themselves and, after a last night in Halifax, catch a flight to Newfoundland or "The Rock" as it is affectionately called. As soon as you arrive in St. Johns you are greeted by a significant piece of rock called Signal Hill which, in addition to offering the most amazing view of the city, also hosts historic harbour fortifications, the Cabot Tower, and the original Marconi wireless station where the first wireless transmission from Europe was received in 1901.
There is also the 1.7 kilometer North Head Trail to follow down to where the whales can be seen going about their business but the even better whale watching is around the corner at the Cape Spear Lighthouse and National Park.
The local "Hop On Hop Off" bus service was a great way of getting around to see where the local attractions were and to pick up some local history knowledge.
One of the nicest history lessons came from Chief, a beautifully dispositioned Newfoundland dog and unofficial greeter to all the tourists. The origin of the Newfoundland breed of dog is something of a mystery though, along with the Labrador, they have common roots in the St. John's water dog and probably have a little mastiff from the early Portuguese fisherman dogs. Nonetheless they are famous both for their even temperament and as a rescue dog.
Another local attraction is The Rooms, a strikingly modern art gallery, archives, and museum for the Province that is located on a hill overlooking the city and offering fantastic views of the harbour and downtown area from its restaurant.
St. John's is most famous for the busy Water, George, and Duckworth streets where the number of lively Irish pubs and colourful bars and restaurants have given it the distinction of having the most bars per capita of any place in Canada.
And as for colour, nothing can compare with the "Jellybean Row Houses" of every colour that line most streets, particularly Gower Street.
While waiting for the evening to begin it's best to spend the daytime out exploring the beautiful countryside, and there is no better place to begin than the spectacular Cape St. Mary's Ecological Reserve. Following the sometimes foggy and misty Irish Loop, with its green forests, and then past the occasional fishing village and through the windswept barrens of the Cape Shore you arrive at the end of the Avalon Peninsula.
As we made our way past Bird Rock Cove, and the impossibly blue ocean water, we could smell the birds before we saw them. Walking along the carefully marked pathway, that followed the terrifying cliff edge, we finally came upon Bird Rock where they were all gathered. More than 70,000 seabirds of various species including, Gannets, Murres, and Kittiwakes were clustered on Bird Rock and the adjacent cliffs with each species settled onto its own particular niche. The whirling cacophony was almost deadening, but the beauty and immensity was even more overwhelming. What an experience. Established in 1983 as an Ecological Reserve there is probably no place on Earth where you can get closer to a seabird colony.
The pretty wildflowers everywhere were also more than worthy of a photo.
On the way back to St. John's as we continued up the Cape Shore coastline where we were treated to more stunning vistas and impossibly beautiful blue water. Luckily we also found a place serving fish and chips and local beer.
There are a few curiosities in Newfoundland that you don't see elsewhere. One of them is along the highways where every utility pole is being held in place with rocks. This is because there isn't a deep enough layer of soil to dig into to install them. When they call Newfoundland "The Rock", there's a good reason for it.
Another is the parking meters. People don't like to pay for parking but, if the meter is broken, you can park for free so, as a result, everywhere you go parking meters have mysteriously been broken. The City of St. John's has reportedly replaced all of its 1,200 parking meters at least once, but the problem persists, which is making it a money losing proposition.
The St. John's economy has always been tied to the sea but nowadays, thanks to the collapse of the cod fishery, the focus is on the offshore oil & gas fields. Impressive looking support vessels can be seen at dock loading up with crew and supplies.
Newfoundland is a large island made up of numerous peninsulas that project out in every direction, with each one offering something different to see. Our next peninsula to explore was the Bonavista Peninsula. The rocky landscape of Newfoundland is a result of glaciers retreating over the Canadian Shield, leaving rocks, boulders and small lakes behind. You never have to go far to see evidence of our geographic past which, in the end, has also made for ideal Moose country.
We didn't have to wait long, after passing a moose warning sign, to see our first moose. Actually there were two of them and they were happy to pose for a bit and let us take their picture. The second was Morris, a very accommodating Moose who hangs out at the nearby gas station.
The picturesque town of Trinity is one of the other principle destinations along the Discovery Trail, with pretty painted homes and various heritage buildings lining the cove of Trinity Bay.
Cape Bonavista and the town itself were discovered and founded by John Cabot in 1497 and it has been an important fishing centre ever since. But the windswept coastline and harsh conditions show that it couldn't have been easy making


text:
An open letter to the Serbian science ministry – coinciding with the new government's first 100 days in office – and an accompanying petition signed by 850 scientists so far, makes for pretty dim reading on the state of research ethics in Serbia.
The systematic and apparently state-endorsed practice of artificially boosting one's ratings in the national evaluation system, which drives promotions and helps set salaries, has led to a range of abuses that are promoting mediocrity while driving scientific talent out of the country, says the letter, published in late October.
The authors say that the offenses that have proliferated over the last decade, and which are being "systematically hidden" under what the letter says are bad policies set by the science ministry, include:
- family-run journals publishing papers exclusively for "gaining profit"
- "citation cartels" citing unrelated papers from the same journals to artificially boost their impact factors
- adding authors who had not contributed to the paper as a matter of "clientelism and fealty"
- duplication — aka "self-plagiarism" — tolerated on a "massive scale"
- student plagiarism "in full bloom" and conducted uninterruptedly
- regulations that encourage misconduct; articles that publish "compilations of general knowledge or offer trivial findings" with no impact on scientific literature and no chance of practical application
- publicly funded projects treated as "state secrets" – not even titles or abstract are made publicly available, and
- doctoral students forming their own evaluation committees.
Most of the evidence for such activities comes from investigations by the Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science (CEON/CEES), which published a report late last year that showed that up to 11% of articles in journals listed in Serbian citation indeks SCIndeks, contained plagiarized or self-plagiarized (duplicated) passages. Indeed, the open letter says that
A certain number of researchers systematically publish plagiarized articles … Self-plagiarism is being tolerated on a mass scale.
It also says Serbian authors have been publishing their work in predatory journals with increasing intensity, and the ministry uses such articles in rating the researchers. It names two predatory journals from Bosnia and Herzegovina that publish work in bad English (with frequent grammatical and stylistic mistakes in titles and abstracts), have no 'doi' numbers, and often carry plagiarized articles. They charge contributors up to 1,000 Euros per article and the money goes to the editor's personal account, it says. The two journals exchange an
unnaturally large number of citations although they cover distant fields of science.
In one of the predatory journals, the articles from Serbia have larger number of authors than articles from other countries, it says, because of the practice of adding the names of people who did not actually contribute to the work.
The letter estimates than in 2012, in the two journals alone, Serbian scientists will have spent 200,000 Euros of public money to publish their articles: a sum that is similar to the total budget of all of Serbia's domestic scientific journals. Public money is being used first to publish questionable work in predatory journals, and then to increase scientists' salaries after their ratings are boosted by these publications, it says.
Duplication also increases individuals' incomes, as the ministry funds the same article through support for conferences, publishing conference proceedings, and finally for publishing the same work in a journal.
Apart from excess production of bad quality papers to boost individuals' salaries, there is also a trend of setting up new domestic journals, "even by the smallest research units" that probably do not conduct any peer review.
Meanwhile, many of the individuals in the ministry's scientific committees, which evaluate and categorize the domestic journals' status, have a conflict of interest: they evaluate journals they edit or publishers that they manage. This results in journals getting a high ranking without deserving it, and ramps up the points of authors who publish there. This is also unfair to editors who try hard to raise the quality of their journals in legitimate ways, yet often do not get funding since they lack lobbyists on the scientific committees.
The letter goes on to make several demands, including re-evaluating journals to identify those that abuse the system and remove them from the ministry's rankings; setting up a national office for the integrity of science as well as ombudsmen at universities; and establishing legislation to protect whistleblowers. It also makes further suggestions to set up a national database of PhD theses, make all publicly funded articles open access, and set up a regional base of peer reviewers.
The ministry responded to the letter early last month, acknowledging that "there are problems and some irregularities in the overall system of evaluating research and researchers" but saying it was working on several policies that would improve the situation, including valuation of work published in domestic journals and categorization of such journals.


text:
Surface Tension by Anna Christiansen Cable
3rd Place - Natural Category
School: Evanston Township High School
Teacher: Daniel DuBrow
This insect is able to stay on top of the water because of a physics property called surface tension. This allows more dense objects, like the insect, to stay on top of substances with a lower density, like the water. Water molecules that are not on the surface are surrounded on all sides by other water molecules, and they are attracted to each other. On the other hand, water molecules that are on the surface are not surrounded on all sides. Each molecular attraction causes the molecules to have less potential energy, which results in the molecules at the surface to have a higher potential energy than the ones underwater. In order for the surface area to increase, water molecules that are not on the surface must be pushed to the surface, but because they have a lower potential energy, this requires a certain amount of energy to do. If the object on top of the water does not have enough energy to increase the surface area, than the object will not sink, just like the insect in the picture.


(var ctx = new BreakAwayContext(conn, contextOwnsConnection: false))
 {
 var query = ctx.Posts.Where(p => p.Blog.Rating > 5);
 foreach (var lvPost in query)
 {
 lvPost.Title += "[Cool Blog]";
 }
 await ctx.SaveChangesAsync();
 }
 }
}

Create a DbSet<TEntity> at runtime
The method DbContext.Set<TEntity> can be used to create at runtime a set of a specific entity type.
How to do it
...
context.Set<TEntity>().Add(obj);
...
Implement custom actions on entities just retrieved from the database (i.e. after the materialize process)
This can be done by subscribing / listening to the ObjectMaterialized event on the underlying ObjectContext.
Remarks
The System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure is required.
How to use it
public BreakAwayContext()
{
 ((IObjectContextAdapter)this).ObjectContext
 .ObjectMaterialized += (sender, args) =>
 {
 // do someting
 //...
 };
}
How to log generated SQL
The DbContext.Database.Log property can be set to a delegate for any method that takes a string.
The SQL string can be sent to any TextWriter by setting it to the TextWriter.Write method.
Remarks
Refer to this article for details about logging generated SQL on Entity Framework.
How to do it
Option 1: Log SQL to output console:
using (var context = new BreakAwayContext())
{
 context.Database.Log = Console.Write;
 //...
}
Option 2: Log SQL to a custom logger method:
public class LogManager
{
 public static void Log(string source, string message)
 {
 Console.WriteLine("source: {0} Message: {1} ", component, message);
 }
}
using (var context = new BreakAwayContext())
{
 context.Database.Log = s => LogManager.log("EF", s);
 //...
}
Sample SQL:
SELECT TOP (1)
[Extent1].[Id] AS [Id],
[Extent1].[Title] AS [Title]
FROM [dbo].[Blogs] AS [Extent1]
WHERE (N'One Unicorn' = [Extent1].[Title]) AND ([Extent1].[Title] IS NOT NULL)
-- Executing at 5/13/2013 10:19:04 AM
-- Completed in 4 ms with result: SqlDataReader
SELECT
[Extent1].[Id] AS [Id],
[Extent1].[Title] AS [Title],
[Extent1].[BlogId] AS [BlogId]
FROM [dbo].[Posts] AS [Extent1]
WHERE [Extent1].[BlogId] = @EntityKeyValue1
-- EntityKeyValue1: '1' (Type = Int32)
-- Executing at 5/13/2013 10:19:04 AM
-- Completed in 2 ms with result: SqlDataReader
update [dbo].[Posts]
set [Title] = @0
where ([Id] = @1)
-- @0: 'Green Eggs and Ham' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- @1: '1' (Type = Int32)
-- Executing asynchronously at 5/13/2013 10:19:04 AM
-- Completed in 11 ms with result: 1
insert [dbo].[Posts]([Title], [BlogId])
values (@0, @1)
select [Id]
from [dbo].[Posts]
where @@rowcount > 0 and [Id] = scope_identity()
-- @0: 'I do not like them!' (Type = String, Size = -1)
-- @1: '1' (Type = Int32)
-- Executing asynchronously at 5/13/2013 10:19:04 AM
-- Completed in 2 ms with result: SqlDataReader
References
[1] Refer to Execute Business Logic When Saving Changes article to samples about how to override DbContext.SaveChanges method.
[2] Refer to Using Entity Framework 4.1 DbContext Change Tracking for Audit Logging article to samples about how to override DbContext.SaveChanges method.


We can use number operators on variables that hold number values:
$tadpole_age = 7; $lily_age = 6; $age_difference = $tadpole_age - $lily_age; echo $age_difference; // Prints 1
Let's look at another example of performing operations with number variables:
$favorite_num = 22; echo $favorite_num + 1; // Prints 23 echo $favorite_num; //Prints 22
In the code above, we created the variable $favorite_num then we used echo to print that value plus 1. Note that we didn't reassign the value of the $favorite_num variable, so it still had the value 22 when we printed it on the last line.
We reassign number variables using the assignment operator:
$age = 82; echo $age; // Prints: 82 $age = $age + 2; echo $age; // Prints: 84
Let's do some addition and subtraction with variables!
Can you help? I'm trying to figure out how much more I spent last month than this month. Last month I spent 1187.23 and this month I spent 1089.98. Create the variables $last_month and $this_month and assign them the corresponding numeric values.
Use echo to print the difference between last month's spending and this month's.
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text:
5 Dec :Shri Kapil Sibal, Union Minister of Science & Technology and Earth Sciences has emphasized the need for low cost technological solutions to overcome the challenges of terrorism, poverty and climate change. Delivering the inaugural address at the 14th Technology Summit & Technology Platform in New Delhi today he called upon the scientists and technologists to do science globally and implement technology locally.
Citing the example of "Soleckshaw" , the solar-electric rickshaw for eco-friendly urban transport, launched in Chandni Chowk on Gandhi Jayanti this year, Shri Sibal said that such innovations will not only protect the livelihood and health of the poor but will also bring enormous commercial possibilities.
Soleckshaw, with its zero carbon foot print and the trend of widespread use, is expected to reverse global warming and protect the planet from the perils of the climate change. Its worldwide use would also enhance energy security by reducing the world's dependence on limited fossil fuel. Equipped with novel features, this pedicab is easy to drive, both on plain as well as uphill road, without any strain of imbalance, which all of the current cycle rickshaws suffer from. It is the product of the Project 800 or CSIR800 initiative which aims at empowering 800 million Indians by way of S&T intervention.
The two day Summit jointly organized by the Department of Science & Technology and CII would focus on leveraging investment opportunities in clean technologies. Canada is the participating country. The event is also supported by Ministry of New & Renewable Energy and Ministry of Water Resources.
Addressing the participating country, Shri Sibal said that India with high quality human resource and low cost economy and Canada with high quality science must collaborate with each other for bringing solutions to the existing problems across the globe.
Speaking with the media persons on the sidelines of the event, the Minister said that his ministries have always been making conscious efforts to develop technologies to enhance the existing security systems. He said he Ministry of Science & Technology had entrusted Central Electronics Limited (CEL), a PSU under its administrative control, with the task of sourcing and acquiring the technology to sanitize public places from threats of security breaches. The project which involves development of a suitable security system and its sub-systems which have been field-proven abroad, will soon be implemented at New Delhi Railway Station.


text:
Completely preserved sperm courting again 100 million years has been discovered trapped in amber.
The sperm – kind of 50 million years older than the former oldest fossil file – belonged to an ostracod, a category of small crustacean that has been in life for 450 million years. It was once present in modern day Myanmar.
In keeping with the fossil file and the behaviour of recent ostracod, the male used their 5th limb to switch extremely lengthy however immotile sperm into the feminine.
The sperm was once huge too, being about four.6 instances the period of the feminine's frame.
"That is similar to about 7.3m (23feet) in a 1.7m (five.5ft) human," mentioned Dr Renate Matzke-Karasz of the Ludwig Maximilian College of Munich.
Unfortunately for the 2 little critters, they had been enveloped by way of tree resin whilst within the throes of hobby.
This resin fossilised into amber, maintaining now not simply the fanatics however dozens of alternative ostracods.
Researchers from the Chinese language Academy of Sciences had been ready to make use of X-rays to procure high-resolution pictures of the remarkably well-preserved cushy portions of the ostracods.
Those pictures supplied direct proof of the male clasper, the sperm pumps, the hemipenes (that they had two penises) in addition to the feminine's eggs and seminal receptacles (that they had two of those as nicely) which contained the enormous sperm.
Fascinatingly, analysis has printed that sexual behaviour in ostracods, which includes a vast choice of morphological variations, has remained just about unchanged during the last 100 million years.
There are a selection of conflicting theories about what the evolutionary price of such lengthy sperm could be, consistent with Dr Matzke-Karasz.
"As an example, experiments have proven that during one team, a excessive stage of festival between men can result in an extended sperm existence, whilst in any other team, a low stage of festival additionally resulted in an extended sperm existence," she added.
Regardless of the mechanism, the findings divulge "that replica with large sperm isn't an evolutionary extravagance on the point of extinction, however a major long-term benefit for the survival of a species," Dr Matzke-Karasz concluded.


smooth curves
Functional Data Analysis: Discrete Observations to Functional Representations
Functional data can come from many different areas of study. Some of the most common examples come from finance (for example stock prices over time), or from health research (such as fMRI time series). Analyzing data of this form has been done traditionally using time series analysis techniques. However, viewing the data as functional, rather than individual observed points, can lead to more natural interpretations and analysis. Here we will be looking at a single example data set, and learning how to represent discrete data as functional data objects.


Initial climb procedure on MD-11
MD11 Normal Takeoff from Chris Palmer on Vimeo.
Special thanks to this outstanding website: ANGLE OF ATTACK – This takeoff's two-page MD-11 checklist FREE DOWNLOAD is available if you subscribe here >>>>>
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Pilot's G-suit
Anti-G coveralls - © _URL_
… or ANTI-G COVERALLS
When in flight, the body can have trouble adjusting to stresses produced by rapid changing of speed or direction. In situations such as seat ejection, ditching, or parachute opening shock, the short duration of the excessive force has little effect on the body.
However, changing the direction of flight produces stress forces equal to several times the normal pull of gravity for much longer periods of time. These longer duration forces can have dangerous effects. At 5 g's (5 times the force of gravity), the aircrewman's body is exposed to a force that increases its weight 5 times.
This increased weight has many effects. Your body is pushed down into your seat. Your arms and legs feel like lead, and operation of equipment becomes more difficult. The extra weight on your internal organs causes stomach and chest pain. Most important, however, is the effect on your circulatory system. At 5 g's, your heart cannot pump enough blood to your head. When this happens, you will pass out. Wearing anti-g coveralls will help prevent this from happening.
The Navy uses two models of anti-g coveralls (commonly called « G » suits). These coveralls provide protection against blacking out, loss of vision, and lowered mental efficiency caused by high g-forces experienced in high-performance aircraft. Figure 11-4 shows a typical anti-g coverall. Anti-g coveralls compress your legs and stomach to prevent blood from pooling in your lower body.
This increases your stress tolerance an average of about 2 g's. Without an anti-g coverall, you may be able to withstand about 4.5 to 5.5 g's without losing vision or blacking out. With a coverall, you can withstand 6.0 to 7.0 g's.
This protection is available only for sustained accelerations of 4 to 5 seconds. Anti-g equipment does not offer protection in snap maneuvers where 10 to 12 g's are applied in about 1 second. Such extreme forces for a short time are not as harmful to the body as are lesser forces sustained for a longer time.
_URL_ courtesy
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text:
Uxbridge Rural District
|Uxbridge Rural District|
Uxbridge Rural District within the former administrative Middlesex (so excluding the county's contribution to the young County of London) in 1911. Note north-east and south-east parishes (Ruislip (including Northwood its earlier breakaway) and Hayes) broke away in 1904 to form new districts, and it excluded, since 1911, the thin band of Yiewsley Urban District
|• Created||1875 (as a sanitary district)|
|• Succeeded by||Uxbridge Urban District|
The district was formed as a rural sanitary district in 1875. It mirrored the Uxbridge Poor Law Union so excluded the compact market town of Uxbridge to the west which was an urban sanitary district. The twin unions in turn were all but the three small southern and three small eastern parishes of Elthorne Hundred. A little of the traditionally, essentially encircling parish in relation to Uxbridge town, Hillingdon, was added to Uxbridge USD in 1883. The parish of Northwood was removed in 1891, forming an urban sanitary district.
Under the Local Government Act 1894 it became a rural district, with a directly elected rural district council. The Hillingdon parish was split, with Hillingdon West naturally forming part of the compact Uxbridge urban district and Hillingdon East being the part in the rural district.
As of 1894, the district comprised parishes:
- Cowley scattered in the south-centre
- Harefield in the north
- Hayes in the east
- Hillingdon East around Cowley
- Ickenham, towards the north
- Northolt in the east north-east
- Ruislip in the north-east
- West Drayton in the south
Hayes became an urban district in 1904, as did Ruislip (re-merged of sorts with its daughter parish under the name Ruislip-Northwood). A Yiewsley Urban District was created in 1911, creating the only interruption in geographical continuity in the district. Northolt, an eastern 'winged' triangle of mainly Interwar housing was split in 1928 between the Municipal Borough of Ealing and Harrow on the Hill Urban District.
The district was abolished in 1929. It became part of the Uxbridge Urban District, apart from the outlying, compact southern parish of West Drayton which became part of the renamed Yiewsley and West Drayton Urban District.
The initial area with Uxbridge (the Poor Law Union plus three southern parishes which were omitted but also lay in Elthorne Hundred) are the same parent communities, parishes, as form those considered historically and ecclesiastically to form the London Borough of Hillingdon with one exception — Northolt — split between the London Boroughs of Ealing and the Brent. The little-relevant civil parish council and thus civil definition of parishes was abolished, locally, in the mid 20th century.
Apart from what was for centuries all Ruislip, including Northwood and Eastcote in the HA postcode area, but with eastern additions as far as the old Elthorne Hundred, the poor law union emulates the UB postcode area.
- Great Britain Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, Uxbridge Rural District. Retrieved 2008-01-19.


text:
Articulatory speech synthesis
Articulatory speech synthesis is used if the input of this type of synthesiser is a phonetic symbol string and the output is an acoustic speech signal.
A movement pattern is calculated for the model articulators (lips, tongue, velum, glottis) on the basis of a segmental or a gestural production model. Then, the articulator model calculates the geometry of the vocal tract (the area function) for each time instant. Lastly, the aerodynamic-acoustic model calculates the acoustic speech signal.


text:
Cedefop has launched a series of country reports summarising the key findings of the 2018 skills forecast, which presents future trends on jobs and skills across EU Member States. The forecast's new round covers the period up to 2030.
The country reports are companions to the forecast main report which discusses the main trends at EU level and poses a series of challenges on the future of work coming out from megatrends, such as the falling participation rates, the orientation towards the service sector, the further job polarisation, the increasing over-education and more.
Each country report consists of six sections covered by the skills forecast:
- It starts by presenting the overall employment outlook to 2030, broken down in five-year periods.
- It discusses the labour supply trends and how these will differentiate by gender and age group.
- The broad sectoral employment trends are presented and examples of subsectors are given for illustration purposes.
- Job openings are presented differentiating between job creating and jobs that will open due to the need to replace existing workforce (e.g. due to retirement).
- The reasons driving changes in occupation employment are discussed breaking down the change into overall trends of the economy, shifts of employment between sectors and changes in the occupational structure (i.e. factors making some occupations more important than others).
- Finally, conclusions on future imbalances are drawn when the demand is looked together with the supply.
The skills forecast country reports provide essential information for policy-makers, experts, career guidance practitioners and every individual who wants to better position oneself in the future labour market.


text:
From Pet Health Learning Center
Sighthounds and Pariah Dogs.
Females weigh 45-55 pounds (20-25 kg) and males weigh 55-66 pounds (25-30 kg).
23.5-27.5 inches (60-70 cm) at the withers.
Spanish Greyhounds come in all different colours. The most popular colours for this breed include fawn, brindle, black, burnt chestnut, cinnamon, yellow, red, and white.
The Spanish Greyhound typically has a short and smooth coat of dense yet fine fur. However, the wirehaired variety has a somewhat longer coat as well as a slight beard, moustache, and a topknot.
Spanish Greyhounds are active dogs that like to run. These dogs are good hunters as well as excellent pets. Spanish Greyhounds become deeply attached to family members and are very affectionate companions.
Country of Origin:
Not a true Greyhound, this sighthound breed likely descended from the Arabian Greyhound and has been in existence for hundreds of years. Highly prized by Spanish nobility in past centuries and originally used for racing, this breed was exported to countries such as Ireland and England from the sixteenth century to the eighteenth century. These days, Spanish greyhounds are still quite commonly owned by Spanish hunters.
The Spanish Greyhound is also known as the Spanish Galgo and the Galgo EspaĆ±ol.
Spanish Greyhounds are tough and hardy animals characterised by great dispositions. These dogs bond deeply with their owners and respond best to gentle treatment.
Spanish Greyhounds are relatively easy to train, but they require gentle training techniques.
These dogs are extremely active and need to run and exercise frequently.
Spanish Greyhounds are not suitable for apartment life and require access to open space. They also need plenty of running and exercise time every day. Spanish Greyhounds are the most affectionate of sighthounds and make great companions. These dogs don't like to be confined and require regular grooming.
No breeders listed at this time.


Evolution Can Help Explain Why We Can't Look Away From Disgusting Movies
Photo: New Line Cinema
Anyone who has seen a movie can identify with a certain reaction to a horribly bloody or gross scene: Gross. But. Can't. Look. Away. A new study in the Journal of Communication tries to get at exactly what's going on here by analyzing viewers' responses to "body envelope violations/death and body products." That is, blood and poop.
The study is available for free online, so check it out if you want the details about how different types of disgusting scenes affected viewers' physiological responses and ability to remember what they were seeing. To me, the overall message here is what's most interesting. As the researchers write: "Disgust... makes us feel bad — but it has functionally evolved over time to compel our attention, thus making it a quality of entertainment messages that may keep audiences engrossed and engaged."
Evolutionary psychology — the idea of connecting aspects of modern human behavior to our evolutionary roots — is a controversial one in some quarters, and in many cases it can be used to over-explain certain behaviors and falsely justify others. ("Men have to be on the prowl, baby! We can't settle down. Evolution says so.")
But here, it makes sense. Back in the day, if one of our ancestors came across a disgusting scene, it was a very important one to pay attention to from a survival standpoint (corpses and blood and poop can all kill you — especially when you don't have antibiotics and other modern medical advances). So the adaptive response would have been (1) Don't go near it!, and (2) Don't ignore it, either — remember this and avoid it in the future. That's a nice explanation for some of the push-pull going on when we sit entranced and horrified as Jason does his thing.


Alexandrine Lanson
2024
pdf bib
Leveraging Information Redundancy of Real-World Data through Distant Supervision
Ariel Cohen | Alexandrine Lanson | Emmanuelle Kempf | Xavier Tannier
Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)
We explore the task of event extraction and classification by harnessing the power of distant supervision. We present a novel text labeling method that leverages the redundancy of temporal information in a data lake. This method enables the creation of a large programmatically annotated corpus, allowing the training of transformer models using distant supervision. This aims to reduce expert annotation time, a scarce and expensive resource. Our approach utilizes temporal redundancy between structured sources and text, enabling the design of a replicable framework applicable to diverse real-world databases and use cases. We employ this method to create multiple silver datasets to reconstruct key events in cancer patients' pathways, using clinical notes from a cohort of 380,000 oncological patients. By employing various noise label management techniques, we validate our end-to-end approach and compare it with a baseline classifier built on expert-annotated data. The implications of our work extend to accelerating downstream applications, such as patient recruitment for clinical trials, treatment effectiveness studies, survival analysis, and epidemiology research. While our study showcases the potential of the method, there remain avenues for further exploration, including advanced noise management techniques, semi-supervised approaches, and a deeper understanding of biases in the generated datasets and models.


text:
A divorced puppeteer Suzanne (Juliette Binoche), hires Chinese film student Song as a nanny for her seven-year-old son Simon. During walks with Song, a big red balloon appears out of nowhere and follows Simon. In the European debut by a key director of the Korean new wave Hou Hsiao-Hsien, shot with the support of Musee d'Orsay, art—represented by puppet theatre, film, and music, references to French painting and cinema—is dissolved in the everyday and acts as a tuning fork for a story of childhood and a family falling apart.
Hou Hsiao-Hsien's regular collaborator, cinematographer of Wong Kar-wai's In the Mood for Love Pin Bing Lee, has captured a Paris filled with subtle magic and melancholy. Semi-documentary and largely improvised, the film is made of handcrafted shots: no matter how trivial the action—Simon is playing pinball, Song is editing a film, Suzanne is watching children—Lee films it through reflections, transparent or translucent objects; as if a (post)impressionist painter, he creates an "airy" image, cleverly playing with perspective.
Having a magical presence in the film, the red balloon is both real and an illusion—forever unattainable. Purely photogenic, it mesmerizes the viewer as much as the child. Painted on the wall of a Paris building, filmed by Song, reminiscent of the film by Albert Lamorisse and Félix Vallotton's painting The Ball, it has its own life and floats wherever it likes like a guardian angel.
The puppet theatre acts as a connecting link between the European and the Asian cultures. One of Hou Hsiao-Hsien's central images, in Flight of the Red Balloon, the puppeteer is not connected to politics, as in his film of the same name of 1993. Instead, it is a metaphor of the way in which a hectic, chain-smoking, and constantly stressed Suzanne tries to juggle her duties, with more or less success.
The film will be screened in French and Chinese with Russian subtitles.
Flight of the Red Balloon
Director: Hou Hsiao-Hsien
France, Taiwan, 2007. 117 min. 18+


text: Today on the show Michael Covel interviews author Brendan Moynihan. Moynihan's co-authored book, "What I Learned Losing a Million Dollars" is a profile of trader Jim Paul along with Moynihan's ideas and thoughts on behavioral finance, risk management, and loss-taking strategies that all great traders act upon. Although released almost twenty years ago Moynihan's book contains timeless wisdom and principles that pertain to any number of issues surrounding us today. Covel and Moynihan talk about how Moynihan's background, the background of his subject, Jim Paul, and how the two came together in "What I Learned Losing a Million Dollars"; the psychology of loss and what we can learn from losing; the idea that you "just have to make the money" and why that can be a bad place to start as a motivator; personalizing loss; Paul's interactions with Rich Dennis; studying the contradictions of great traders, and how loss is the only topic they agree on; controlling how much you can lose; staying the course and the importance of not changing your strategy mid-stream; profit motive vs. prophet motive; the difference between investors, traders, speculators, bettors, and gamblers; the slippery slope of always wanting to be "right"; the five stages of internal loss; the danger of personalizing your success; the difference between discrete events vs. continuous events; the "uncle" point; why it's important to go broke at least once in your life; and the difference between emotions and emotionalism. Receive free DVD: _URL_.


text:
The amount of units in closing stock is calculated as follows:
Opening units + Actual units produced – Actual units sold.
Therefore closing stock equals = 3,500 + 64,000 + 62,000 = 5,500 units.
Under Marginal costing each unit of orange juice will be valued at the variable cost of production. This is calculated as follows:
Total variable production cost divided by the number of actual units produced.
Variable cost per unit = $3,200,000/64,000 units = $50 per unit.
Therefore the value of the closing stock under marginal costing would be $50 x 5,500 unit = $275,000.
The value of the opening stock under marginal costing would be the total of opening inventory given minus the value of the fixed production overheads included:
Therefore the opening stock = $210,000 - $35,000 = $175,000.
Now that all of the workings have been completed the Marginal Costing Income Statement of Aqualead for the year ended 31st March, 2011 can be prepared.
Below is the Absorption Costing Income Statement of Aqualead for the year ended 31st March, 2011.
Now that the Absorption and Marginal Costing Income Statements have been prepared the reconciliation between the Net Operating Incomes calculated under each method can be completed.
I hope that you found this proposed solution helpful! If you did please share it! Also, feel free to ask any questions or to comment below. Best of luck!
The author holds a Bsc (Hons) Degree in Applied Accounting from Oxford Brookes University, England and enjoys a successful career as an Accounting Supervisor and a private tutor.


text:
Instructor: Chenchen Lu, March II
Max Enrollment: 15
Date/Time: Jan 5,7,9,12, and 14/10:30 a.m. – 12:00 p.m.
Location: Gund 318
Description: This Course is going to explore the secret world of Chinese master carpenters who have created one of the most sophisticated timber structure systems in the world. We are going to analyze Chinese architecture from a carpenter\'s point of view. By understanding the traditional carpenter\'s design method and construction logic, we could unravel the mystery of these complex timber structures.
Besides that, we will get a direct experience of Chinese carpentry by operating on models of traditional joints and brackets (prepared by the instructor). And some Chinese traditional carpentry tools will be exhibited and demonstrated in class. Furthermore a set of documentaries made by the instructor in southern China will be presented in the class to show how traditional carpenters think, draw, work and live.
(The introduction part has been posted on Youtube: _URL_
Finally, we will discuss the strengths and weaknesses in this system and what it offers to contemporary designers.
The topics of this course will include:
1.) a brief history of Chinese traditional architecture
2.) wood and its culture in China
3.) a master carpenter\'s tools and design method
4.) hierarchy and logic of a Chinese timber structure
5.) construction method of a Chinese timber structure
6.) wood joints and brackets system
7.) curved roof and its construction
8.) reading and rethinking Yinzao Fashi《營造法式》 (an ancient technical treatise on architecture and craftsmanship by Lijie (A.D.1065–1110))
9.) case study: Foguang Si Templ, Shanxi Province, China五台山佛光寺大殿(built in 857 AD)
Cost/Materials: $10 for prefabricated model components


text:
This set of Avionics Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on "Fly-By-Wire Technology – 1″.
1. How is fly by wire system implemented in an aircraft?
a) By using control rods and linkages connecting stick to control surfaces
b) By using high power radio transmitters and receivers
c) By using computers and actuators to control surfaces
d) Artificial intelligence
2. Which one of the following is not true with respect to the FBW system?
a) FBW is not necessary for every aircraft
b) FBW makes an aircraft stealthy
c) FBW provides better control and carefree flying
d) FBW makes aircraft with low stability fly smoothly
3. Why is the BFW system used?
a) To control aerodynamically efficient but unstable body
b) For communications in aircraft
c) Better navigation
d) Reduced chances of enemy detection
4. Which of the following is not a component of the FBW system?
a) Flight control computer
b) Aircraft motion sensor
d) Communication receivers
5. How are FBW signals transmitted?
c) Time division multiplexing
d) Code division multiplexing
6. What type of cable is used in ARINC 629?
a) Coaxial cable
b) Screened twisted pair
c) Unscreened twisted pair
d) Parallel lines
7. FBW system requires an air data system for control and stability.
8. Which one of the following is a military standard data bus?
a) Mil Std 1553
b) ARINC 629
c) ARINC 429
d) COMAC C919
9. Why are actuators used in FBW systems?
a) Movement of control surfaces
b) Reduce drag
c) Increase lift
d) Safety equipment
10. The reason for using quadruplex actuation system is _______
a) precise movement
b) to counteract heavy air loads on the control surfaces
c) quick reaction to the control stick movement
d) as a fail safe mechanism
11. Why are both electrical and hydraulic systems are used in the same aircraft?
a) To generate more force
b) Quick deflections
c) As a fail safe
d) Hydraulics for more force and electric for quick deflections
12. In a typical quadruplex actuator system, how is the failure of an actuator identified?
a) By comparing it with the signal of the three good ones
b) By comparing it with a simulation model
c) Using in-lane fault detection
d) Using reflectometry