Natural Bridge Zoo
The Natural Bridge Zoo Park is home to the most complete collection of animals and birds in the state of Virginia and is a center for rare and endangered species.
African Elephant Rides are held at scheduled times, please visit website for those times.
At scheduled times, photo opportunities with specific baby animals, such as white Baby Tigers, are held.
Take a walk on the wild side with mountain lions, tigers, bears, serval, zebras, various antelope, alligators, and more.
Monkey around with numerous species of baboons, capuchins, gibbons, lemurs, macaques, and spider monkeys.
Feed herds of Giraffe, llamas, pygmy goats, exotic donkeys, camels, fallow deer, and pot-bellied pigs.
Photograph rare cranes, hornbills, and Virginia's first colony of breeding flamingo.
More than 100 babies are born each year.
Picnic area.
 Please Visit Website


For other versions of Nite Owl, see Nite Owl.
"Y'know, this must be how ordinary people feel. This must be how ordinary people feel around us."
—Dan Dreiberg to Rorschach
Daniel "Dan" Dreiberg is the second Nite Owl and a member of the Crimebusters.
Dreiberg succeeded the original Nite Owl Hollis Mason during the second generation of vigilantes. He took advantage of his massive inheritance and engineering know-how to build various gadgets and machines to assist him alongside his partner Rorschach on top of their combat skills.
He joined with other heroes to form the Crimebusters, but the team never came to be. Nite Owl II continued to fight crime until he was forced into retirement due to the Keene Act which made masked crimefighting illegal, causing him to feel lost and dejected.
Dreiberg came out of retirement after the death of fellow crimefighter the Comedian, and found purpose again through his lover, his former teammate in the Crimebusters, Laurie Juspeczyk. After failing to stop Ozymandias' plot to save mankind by killing millions, Dan returned to retirement with his lover Laurie Juspeczyk and tried living a normal life under the name Sam Hollis.
Early Life
Daniel Dreiberg was born on September 18, 1945. His father, William Dreiberg, was a corporate banker. Though William was abusive toward Dan and Victoria, he was rarely home as he worked long hours and spent much of his after-work hours drinking and womanizing.
Dan was an introvert fascinated with electronics, inventions, and the crime-fighting exploits of his hero Nite Owl.[1] His favorite stories were about Pegasus and the flying carpet from mythology. Fascinated with the idea of flying, he studied ornithology and aviation extensively alongside engineering.[2]
Throughout his childhood in the early 1950s, he spent many of his summers in New England, venturing out into the fields at night and searching for owls.[3]
Becoming Nite Owl
In 1962, at the age of sixteen, during one of Nite Owl's publicity stunts in Sparky's Garage, Dan rigged the Owl Car with a listening device of his own invention and followed Nite Owl all the way to the secret entrance of the hero's lair. Dan bypassed the lock and left a note requesting that they meet at Lincoln Park. During this meeting, Dan learned the identity of Nite Owl as Hollis Mason. Dan offered to become Mason's sidekick. Hollis' initial reaction was surprisingly nonchalant, agreeing to give the kid a shot.[1]
When Dan returned home, he saw that his father was abusing his mother again, but soon after the man had a heart attack, and neither Dan nor his mother bothered to call the hospital in time.[1] Although his father was disappointed in him for not following his in his footsteps and becoming a banker, he left him a large inheritance, which Dan used to pay for the materials needed to design and build his crime-fighting gear.[2] He went on to become study aeronautics and zoology at Harvard University.[2]
When Mason retired from crime-fighting and opened an auto repair shop, Dan wrote to him asking if he could carry on his name as Nite Owl II.[4][2] Upon looking at his gear, Mason was too impressed to refuse him[4], and so he became Nite Owl II in 1962.
In 1965, Nite Owl teamed up with fellow costumed adventurer Rorschach to take on organized crime. Thanks to the latter's unpredictability and tactical brilliance,[2] they both notorious criminals such as Underboss and Big Figure.[5]
The Crimebusters
With the Comedian
The next year, having made quite an impression on other crimefighters, Dan and Rorschach were invited by Captain Metropolis to join the Crimebusters.[6][7][5] Dreiberg felt that he joined a fellowship of legendary beings and he was disappointed that it didn't last.[2] Though the Crimebusters became defunct, Nite Owl kept a recurring partnership with Rorschach and would occasionally team up with other former Crimebusters, particularly the Silk Spectre.
In 1968, Nite Owl brought down the vice queen known as the Twilight Lady. She wrote to Nite Owl from prison. Against Hollis Mason's advice, Dan wrote back, thinking he could reform her. When she was released in the early 1970's, Dan tried to mold her into a crimefighting partner, but she was more interested in being his romantic partner. After a long and tumultuous relationship, Dan and her parted ways.[2]
In 1977, a missing girl named Violet Greene was found in a pornographic video circulating around New York's seedy underbelly. Rorschach recruited Nite Owl to help him investigate this case as it appeared that a new Twilight Lady might be behind it. Nite Owl and Rorschach found that Liz herself had returned to her old moniker and was now running a new high-class vice den. They found Violet Greene and discovered she was not kidnapped, but had disappeared in order to pursue this new hedonistic lifestyle as one of Twilight Lady's new starlets. Nite Owl told Twilight Lady to shut the operation down and leave the city, but Rorschach was not satisfied with this as he felt Twilight Lady's activities were a blight on the development of the youth in the area. Nite Owl and Rorschach came to blows and ultimately this case marked the end of their operational partnership for many years.
During the Police Strike of 1977, Nite Owl was patrolling with The Comedian on Archie and attempted to pacify the rioters, an action rendered moot when the notoriously short-tempered Comedian opened fire.[6] Having already come to believe that his expensive activities were accomplishing little, Dreiberg retired after the passing of the Keene Act on August 3, 1977,[7] although he seemed to regret his decision later.[2] Rorschach would later say regarding his retirement, "No staying power."
After retirement, he chose not to reveal his civilian identity and kept his past secret. However, he had kept some friendship with Laurie Juspeczyk.[7] He also maintained his friendship with Hollis Mason and the two men met every Saturday night.[8] In his civilian life, he contributed essays and scholarly articles to ornithological journals, although he knew that they didn't interest many people.[2]
In 1983 he visited Maine in order to pay a visit to Byron Lewis (the former Mothman) in the hospital, on behalf of Mason. On his way back to the parking lot, he heard the screech of a mature owl and was filled with a feeling that renewed his excitement about birds. He shared his experience in the Journal of the American Ornithological Society.[3]
Events of Watchmen
Talking about the old days with Rorschach
Dreiberg was the first of the "masks" that Rorschach warned after the death of Edward Blake. The two shared a tense reunion, with Rorschach chastising him for his decision to retire, and Dreiberg criticizing Rorschach's insistence on continuing his vigilante activities. Shortly thereafter he met with Laurie Juspeczyk, the second Silk Spectre, at Rafael's and the two reminisced about their times as costumed adventurers.[9]
Later he attended the Comedian's funeral, reuniting with Ozymandias and Dr. Manhattan.[6]
At the Comedian's funeral
Dr. Manhattan goes into self-imposed exile on Mars after Laurie leaves him and he is tricked into believing he was harming the people he loved. Simultaneously, an attempt is made on the life of Adrian Veidt, and Dreiberg takes in Laurie as a precaution. The two explore their feelings for each other and attempt to make love. However, Dan experiences a moment of impotency and they are unable to. During her stay, they are made aware of the capture of Rorschach by authorities, as he is charged with the murder of Moloch. After a nightmare, Dreiberg goes to his lab, where he expresses how helpless he feels in the face of impending nuclear war. He and Laurie decide to take up arms once again and experience that sense of power they had before. Donning their outfits, they take the Owlship and patrol New York City once again, in defiance of the Keene Act. Discovering a fire at a tenement, they come to the rescue and evacuate everybody from the burning building safely. Being in his Nite Owl persona again revives Dan's spirit, and he and Laurie are able to make love in the Owlship above the city.
Deciding the time had come to act rather than stand by, Nite Owl and Silk Spectre break Rorschach out of Sing Sing. Afterward, as Laurie is taken to Mars by Manhattan, Dreiberg and Rorschach explore the New York underworld looking for clues on whatever plot is taking place. They discover that the prison break led to a series of anti-superhero riots, including the murder of Dreiberg's predecessor and mentor as Nite Owl, Hollis Mason. Dreiberg swears vengeance, assaulting one of the men responsible with such fury that Rorschach, known for his brutality in dispatching criminals, has to restrain him. During their interrogations, they determine that their leads point to none other then their former comrade Ozymandias. The two head to Karnak,


black box
The term was also used by US air forces during the war. Fred Hamann's Air Words (1945) defines black box as radar.2
When the flight recorders started being installed on civilian aircraft in 1958, the name was applied to these devices. The original WWII black boxes were literally colored black and many pieces of avionics equipment still come in black housings, but the term is applied to all of them regardless of color.
There is another type of black box that also takes its name from these WWII devices. A black box can be a mechanism whose internal workings are not understood, but its function is. If an engineer knows that the device will give output Y if he inputs X but doesn't understand why, then that is a black box. The Journal of the British Interplanetary Society records this from 1953:
As far as the layman is concerned, a phantastron is a "black box" which will divide the frequency of its output pulses by any integral number between 2 and 20.3
This sense is from the fact that aircrews did not understand how their black boxes worked (the components and processes were closely guarded military secrets), they just knew they did.
1Dictionary of Forces Slang: _PHONE_, edited by Eric Partridge, 1970 Reprint (Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1948), 17.
2Fred Hamann, Air Words: A Popular Aviation Definitionary of the Language Flyers Speak (Seattle: Superior Publishing Company, 1945), 8.
3Oxford English Dictionary, black box, a., 2nd Edition, 1989, Oxford University Press, accessed 29 Dec 2008 <>.
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Copyright _PHONE_, by David Wilton


What does G-Sensor mean?
Definitions for G-Sensor
Here are all the possible meanings and translations of the word G-Sensor.
Sample Sentences & Example Usage
 1. Erik Gordon:
 You have to get dissimilar components like frames, transmissions, seating, brake and sensor systems to fit and work together.
 2. Taras Wankewycz:
 What we have done here is gone beyond the fixed sensor, we now have a sensor that can come out of its enclosure and move, so it's a flying sensor that goes back to its enclosure and provides the data back to its operator, it gives you much more information, also live feed on a situation which you would like to respond to as quickly as possible.
 3. Doug Adams:
 They are like the sensors in your steering wheel but they are just a lot more sensitive than that. We use that sensor to track the motion, to do motion tracking of the blade but monitor also what we call the dynamic response, every time a blade moves we are monitoring it and that tells us something about that conversation that is happening from one turbine to the next.
 4. Mica Endsley:
 You might want to set the task for five or six UAVs to go and cover a particular area where they work in conjunction with each other. Maybe one has one type of sensor and the other has another type of sensor — so they could cue each other, if one picked up an object of interest, it could cue another one to go examine it with maybe a different kind of sensor that might a higher resolution. They would be working together to accomplish a particular mission.
 5. Michael Mancuso:
 Imagine the kind of data we could capture if patient monitors were as small as a dime. As sensor technology evolves, the industry will move toward more unobtrusive monitoring options that will be able to capture patient vitals and other data from sensors embedded into clothing or other materials, we could give patients a robe or necklace as soon as they enter the hospital, and monitor their journey across the health continuum, allowing clinicians to make more informed diagnosis and effective treatment plans. This kind of technology can also be critical in identifying physiological changes from a distance, making it easier to monitor patient traffic, especially during an epidemic.
Translations for G-Sensor
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Does Paul Condemn Observing YAH'S Holy Days?
Does Pa'al really Condemn Observing Yah's Holy Days?
by Earl L. Henn (_PHONE_)
Edited by Free of the House of Payne (2020)
Through the centuries, theologians have devised many arguments to do away with the observance of Yah's holy days. They propose that various scriptures in the New Covenant obviate the need for Followers to keep the days which Yah's law specifically says are holy to Him (Leviticus 23:2).
A favorite target of theirs is Galatians 4:9-10, in which Pa'al expresses his frustration with the Galatians because they had returned to certain religious practices. He calls these practices "weak and beggarly elements" and says they were again "in bondage" to them.
In verse 10 he defines these practices as observances of "days and months and seasons and years." The argument begins at this point because some contend that these observances refer to Yah's holy days commanded in the Old Covenant. Indeed, YAHUAH established specific "days" (Passover, Days of Unleavened Bread, Pentecost, etc.), "months" (new moons, sacred calendar), "seasons" ("appointed times [seasons, KJV]"—Leviticus 23:4; see also Deuteronomy 16:16;


text:
Londji Bam! Wooden Stamps
This product has been made from recycled or used materials, which have a smaller environmental impact. Recycled materials require less energy and water to produce, generate fewer carbon emissions and reduce waste.
- Get creative with this fantastic alphabet stamp set that will allow your child to create different words!
- Details : 28 stamps
- Age : Age 5 and upwards
- Fabrics : Wood, Rubber
- Box 19 x 19 x 2,8 cm
- CE certified, EN71 approved for 18m+
- Made in : Spain

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


DEV Community
Cover image for Simplify, Process, and Analyze: The DevOps Guide to Using jq with Kubernetes
Rajesh Gheware
Rajesh Gheware
Posted on
Simplify, Process, and Analyze: The DevOps Guide to Using jq with Kubernetes
By Rajesh Gheware
In the ever-evolving world of software development, efficiency and clarity in managing complex systems have become paramount. Kubernetes, the de facto orchestrator for containerized applications, brings its own set of challenges, especially when dealing with the vast amounts of JSON formatted data it generates. Here, jq, a lightweight and powerful command-line JSON processor, emerges as a vital tool in a DevOps professional's arsenal. This comprehensive guide explores how to leverage jq to simplify, process, and analyze Kubernetes data, enhancing both productivity and insight.
Understanding jq and Kubernetes
Before diving into the integration of jq with Kubernetes, it's essential to grasp the basics. jq is a tool designed to transform, filter, map, and manipulate JSON data with ease. Kubernetes, on the other hand, manages containerized applications across a cluster of machines, producing and utilizing JSON outputs extensively through its API and command-line tools like kubectl.
Why jq with Kubernetes?
Kubernetes' JSON outputs can be overwhelming, making it difficult to extract necessary information quickly. jq provides a solution by allowing DevOps teams to query, modify, and streamline this data effectively. It can transform complex JSON structures into more understandable formats, extract specific data points, and even combine data from multiple sources.
Getting Started with jq in Your Kubernetes Workflow
Installation and Basic Operations
First, ensure you have jq installed. It's available for Linux, macOS, and Windows, and can be installed via package managers like apt for Debian/Ubuntu or brew for macOS.
# For Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt-get install jq
# For macOS
brew install jq
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To start, let's fetch a list of pods in a Kubernetes cluster and extract their names:
kubectl get pods -o json | jq '.items[].metadata.name'
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode
This command lists all pods and pipes the JSON output to jq, which extracts the names of the pods.
Filtering and Searching
jq excels at filtering and searching through JSON data. For example, to find all pods running a specific image:
kubectl get pods -o json | jq '.items[] | select(.spec.containers[].image == "nginx")'
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This snippet searches through all pods to find those running the nginx image, showcasing jq's ability to filter based on complex criteria.
Transforming Data
With jq, you can transform the format of your data to suit your needs. Suppose you want a simple list of pods with their statuses:
kubectl get pods -o json | jq -r '.items[] | "\(.metadata.name) is \(.status.phase)"'
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This outputs a readable list of pod names and their statuses, demonstrating how jq can simplify Kubernetes data presentation.
Advanced Data Manipulation
jq is not limited to simple filters and transformations. It can handle advanced data manipulation tasks, such as aggregating statistics or modifying JSON structures. For instance, to count the number of pods in each status:
kubectl get pods -o json | jq '[.items[].status.phase] | group_by(.) | .[] | {status: .[0], count: length}'
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This command groups pods by their status and counts them, providing a clear overview of the cluster's state.
Best Practices for Using jq with Kubernetes
 1. Streamline Your Queries: Start with broad queries and incrementally refine them to avoid overwhelming amounts of data.
 2. Scripting with jq: Incorporate jq into scripts to automate routine data processing tasks, enhancing efficiency.
 3. Maintain Readability: While jq's syntax can become complex, strive for clarity by breaking down complicated queries into understandable components.
 4. Secure Your Data: When using jq to process sensitive information, ensure that data handling complies with your security policies.
Conclusion
Integrating jq into your Kubernetes management practices offers a pathway to not just simplification and efficiency but also deeper insights into your clusters' operations. As DevOps professionals, the ability to swiftly process and analyze JSON data allows for more informed decision-making and enhanced operational capabilities.
This guide serves as a starting point. The journey with jq and Kubernetes is vast and ripe with opportunities for optimization and innovation. Embrace jq's capabilities, and let it transform how you interact with Kubernetes data, leading to more resilient, efficient, and understandable container management practices.
In closing, remember that the tools are only as effective as the hands that wield them. Continual learning and experimentation with jq will undoubtedly unlock new potentials within your Kubernetes environments, marking your path as a DevOps professional with efficiency, clarity, and insight.
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text:
User Instructions for CLENQT.FOR
These instructions are written to help users run the program CLENQT.FOR. This program requires an input file called EGM180.NOR which contains the WGS 84 n=m=180, normalized, geopotential coefficients. The source code for CLENQT.FOR is in FORTRAN 77 and it has been developed for use with MS-DOS commands.
This is an ASCII file containing the defree (n), order (m), and normalized geopotential coefficients (Cnm, Snm) in the following format:
These coefficients were developed using surface gravity, satellite altimetry, and elevation data.
The user can run CLENQT.FOR with EGM180.NOR to compute the following gravimetric quantities, here shown with the corresponding output term and unit:
- point free-air gravity anomaly (DELTA G) (mgal),
- point geoid height (N) (m),
- point north-south and east-west components of the deflection of the vertical (XI, ETA) (both in arcsec),
- point total deflection of the vertical (THETA) (arcsec),
- point radial component of the gravity disturbance vector (DIST R) (mgal), and
- point north-south and east-west components of the gravity disturbance vector (DIST NS, DIST EW) (both in mgal).
To load and execute the program, type the following sequence of commands:
- Copy both CLENQT.FOR and EGM180.NOR to the same directory.
- If the.FOR suffix is not compatible with your system's compiler, rename the file to CLENQT.F. then run the program through a FORTRAN compiler. If using a Lahey compiler, type the following commands to create an executable file (.EXE):
- f77l3 clenqt.for (This creates CLENQT.OBJ)
- 386link clenqt.obj (This creates CLENQT.EXE)
- Type this command to execute: clenqt.exe
- The message "READING COEFFICIENT FILE" will appear on the screen indicating that the program is running.
- The user is then prompted to enter the latitude, longitude, and the geodetic height (height above ellipsoid) for the point of interest. The latitude and longitude values must be in decimal degrees and the geodetic height must be in meters
- After the point is entered, the computer will then calculate the gravimetric quantities and display them on the screen in the following format:
PHI LAMBDA HT N DELTA G DIST R DIST NS DIST EW XI ETA THETA
- The program prompts the user to enter a "1" to continue or a "0" to stop.
- The data will go to the screen only; there is no output file.
phone _PHONE_, DSN _PHONE_
Document last modified April 29, 2013

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
In the Juniper labs i.e INE vMXvCP devices are connected into vMXvFP devices and we are consoling into vMXvCP devices but actually going into vMXvFP device. When logging into vMXvCP does it automatically console into vMXvFP? I don't understand if this GNS3 specific or how does this connection works. The interface on vMXvCP side shows as em0, does that mean this initiating a console connection automatically?
Also the links show naming as eth0, eth1 etc. but the actual interface names are ge-0/0/0 etc. How does the mapping happens?

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
While the principles of ecologically sustainable development (ESD) and several State and national policies on climate change were relevant factors, the Court held that they did not dictate an outcome for such development applications. Although the argument of legal unreasonableness was unsuccessful in this case, the number of climate litigation cases continues to increase in Australia and overseas. Companies should continue to assess their exposure to climate-related legal risk, including potential judicial review challenges.
The Court dismisses a legal unreasonableness challenge
On 5 July 2023, the NSW Land and Environment Court dismissed a judicial review challenge to the NSW Independent Planning Commission (IPC) approval of the Narrabri Underground Coal Mine Stage 3 Extension Project (Extension Project).
The Court found that it was not legally unreasonable for the IPC to exercise its discretion to approve the Extension Project after the IPC had weighed the relevant considerations. These considerations included the principles of ESD and several State and national policies on climate change, which the Court held did not dictate an outcome for such development applications.
The proposed extension to the Narrabri Underground Coal Mine
The Narrabri Underground Coal Mine is an underground coal mine in northwest NSW that predominantly produces thermal coal.
On 1 April 2022, the IPC granted development consent for the Extension Project subject to conditions under the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 (NSW) (EP&A Act), publishing a 54-page statement of reasons for that decision.
The Extension Project involved extending the length of several major longwalls and extracting up to 11 million tonnes of run-of-mine coal each calendar year until 2034. The Extension Project included the continuation of mining within the Stage 2 underground area and was estimated to produce a total of 489.6 Mt CO2-e of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, of which 455.62 Mt CO2-e were Scope 3 emissions.
Bushfire Survivors for Climate Action's fundamental argument
On 1 July 2022, Bushfire Survivors for Climate Action Inc (BSCA) commenced judicial review proceedings challenging the IPC's grant of development consent for the Extension Project.
BSCA's fundamental argument was that it was legally unreasonable, irrational and illogical and not in the public interest for the IPC to approve the Extension Project "in light of the evidence of harm caused by climate change and the acceptance by the IPC that the Scope 3 Emissions which would be produced by the burning of the coal extracted as a consequence of the Extension Project would contribute to anthropogenic climate change".
BSCA's assertion of legal unreasonableness concerned both the process of making of the decision and the decision itself. It relied primarily on the Statement of Reasons.
BSCA had previously been successful in a 2021 landmark ruling in which the Court ordered the NSW Environment Protection Authority (NSW EPA) to develop objectives, guidelines and policies to ensure environment protection from climate change. Earlier this year, the NSW EPA published an Australian-first Climate Change Policy and Action Plan.
The Court's findings on the IPC's requirements and discretion
Justice Duggan found that:
- there was no express or implied requirement for the IPC to make the purported "Interim Findings" on climate change which BSCA claimed the IPC should have reasonably made;
- it was within the IPC's discretion to find that the Extension Project was in the public interest in weighing the relevant considerations, including the principles of ESD; and;
- it was within the IPC's discretion to ultimately approve the Extension Project, as the State and national policies on climate change considered by the IPC did not dictate an outcome for such development applications.
"Interim Findings" ground
BSCA argued that it was legally unreasonable for the IPC not to make certain Interim Findings, comprising unchallenged evidence submitted by former Australian Chief Scientist to the IPC about the gravity of climate change impacts, global average temperature rise under the Paris Agreement, catastrophic climate scenarios, and the current emissions trajectory.
Justice Duggan found that there was no express or implied statutory requirement that all facts considered or accepted by the IPC should be detailed in the Statement of Reasons. This meant that "the mere failure to make the Interim Findings of itself would not be legally unreasonable". Further, there was no factual dispute about the climate science, the current or likely future extent of global warming or the gravity of climate change, so that it was unnecessary for the IPC to expressly make the Interim Findings.
As to BSCA's contention that the Interim Findings were "necessary building blocks" in the determination of the Extension Project, Justice Duggan examined the Statement of Reasons and found that "the overwhelming inference to be drawn is that the substance of the Interim Findings was before the IPC and relevantly considered by it as part of its evaluation pursuant to the power conferred".
Public interest and ultimate decision grounds
BSCA argued that it was legally unreasonable for the IPC to find that the Extension Project was in the public interest because "[n]o reasonable decision-maker, faced with the cogent and unchallenged evidence before the IPC, could have reached [that conclusion]".
Justice Duggan held that such a contention would require that "the climate change evidence be given weight of a kind or nature that would overwhelm any other legally available consideration". This is not supported by the EP&A Act, which requires a wide range of considerations to be addressed in determining a development application. The weight to be given to those considerations was a matter for the IPC.
As to BSCA's contention that "the only reasonable conclusion was that the Extension Project was inconsistent with the principles of ESD", Justice Duggan found that that would require climate impacts to be the only consideration in assessing ESD, and that was contrary to the statutory definition of ESD in the Protection of the Environment Administration Act 1991 (NSW), which requires "the effective integration of social, economic and environmental considerations in decision-making".
Justice Duggan also looked at the IPC's consideration of State and national policies, as required by State Environmental Planning Policy (Resources and Energy) 2021 (Resources SEPP). The policies which the IPC considered included the NSW Climate Change Policy Framework, NSW Net Zero Plan, 2020 Strategic Statement on Coal Exploration and Mining in NSW, Paris Agreement and Commonwealth Emissions Reduction Plan. Her Honour held that as these policies "did not dictate an outcome, it was for the IPC to determine the weight to be given to the relevant considerations in the assessment undertaken by it".


Magazine, website & books written by teens since 1989
Teachers say, 'Jessi, you're late; you are getting a detention.' Why do teachers give students detention? What if students are late to school? I believe that if students at Appleton West High School don't follow the rules, they should have consequences. I think this is a good way to make a student a better person and to prepare them for the future. For example, in a work environment, there is a certain time employees need to be at work and if they're not there on time, they will get fired. So I think getting detentions is a good way to help students prepare for the future.
My first reason why students should get a detention is if students are disrespectful in class. I think they should respect the adults and even classmates because being at school helps you get ready for the future. I think by giving them a detention they will learn that they need to give respect to others. They learn that is a way for them to pay for their bad actions. I've seen many students change and not repeat what they had done wrong.
My second reason why students should get a detention is for skipping school. I strongly believe that students who are skipping school have an unexcused absence, need to serve a detention. If they want to be absent for something that will help them in later years, then they shouldn't even go to school. I think it's not a good idea to skip school for no good reason.
My third reason why students should get detentions is for fighting. Fighting doesn't solve anyone's problems; it causes more problems to the situation. People can get hurt and you don't want that at school. Giving someone a detention for fighting will help them think about their manner in a more mature way. I think detentions help them in the real life because if they fight, they can get in to more serious trouble and go to jail.
When students do something wrong, they need to be responsible because outside of school there are bigger consequences. By having detentions, it is a way to learn and prepare for real life situations.
Join the Discussion
This article has 3 comments. Post your own now!
RyleeNixon said...
Feb. 28, 2013 at 4:20 pm
But detentions can cause kids to get worse than they already are. I know a kid that is trying to get as many detentions as possible because detentions don't really do anything to help. They just make kids mad and do it again and again. Teens are at a rebellious age. They are not going to want to listen. Sure they should do all the right stuff but it doesn't mean they are going to.
mookid replied...
Apr. 9, 2013 at 3:10 am
Your right. Nearly everyone in my class does this. it annoys the heck out of me! Ugh!
micgancole said...
Dec. 19, 2012 at 9:19 pm
I like it! ;)
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Speed Dial
 1. Home
 2. Knowledge Base
 3. Basic Features in Outgoing Calls Menu
 4. Speed Dial
Speed Dial 8 and Speed Dial 100 allow you to program speed dial numbers that you can call with the push of a button.
Configure Speed Dial 8
 1. Log in to ucx.telepacific.com.
 2. Click Outgoing Calls on the left-hand menu.
 3. On the Outgoing Calls page, click the Speed Dial 8 link in the Basic column.
 4. The Speed Dial 8 page opens.
 User-Speed-Dial-8
 5. Enter the speed dial contact's name and number.
 6. Click OK or Apply to save changes, or Cancel to exit without saving.
Configure Speed Dial 100
 1. Log in to ucx.telepacific.com.
 2. Click Outgoing Calls on the left-hand menu.
 3. On the Outgoing Calls page, click the Speed Dial 100 link in the Basic column.
 4. The Speed Dial 100 page opens.
 User-Speed-Dial-100
 5. Click the Add button. The Speed Dial 100 Add page opens.
 User-Speed-Dial-100-Add
 6. Select the speed dial code, then enter a description and the phone number.
 7. Click OK to save changes.
Speed Dial on Your Phone
You can also program your speed dial numbers using your phone and the feature access codes for Speed Dial 8 and Speed Dial 100.
To use speed dial from your phone, dial # followed by the speed dial code number. For example, to call the number associated with speed dial code 6, dial #6 on the keypad.
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L}{4 \hbar E} = \frac{{\rm GeV}\, {\rm fm}}{4 \hbar c} \times \frac{\Delta m^2}{{\rm eV}^2} \frac{L}{\rm km} \frac{\rm GeV}{E} \approx 1.267 \times \frac{\Delta m^2}{{\rm eV}^2} \frac{L}{\rm km} \frac{\rm GeV}{E},
where 1.267 is unitless. In this form, it is convenient to plug in the oscillation parameters since:
The mass differences, Δm2, are known to be on the order of 1x10-4 eV2
Oscillation distances, L, in modern experiments are on the order of kilometers
Neutrino energies, E, in modern experiments are typically on order of MeV or GeV.
If there is no CP-violation (δ is zero), then the second sum is zero.
Two neutrino case
The above formula is correct for any number of neutrino generations. Writing it explicitly in terms of mixing angles is extremely cumbersome if there are more than two neutrinos that participate in mixing. Fortunately, there are several cases in which only two neutrinos participate significantly. In this case, it is sufficient to consider the mixing matrix
Then the probability of a neutrino changing its flavor is
P_{\alpha\rightarrow\beta, \alpha\neq\beta} = \sin^{2}(2\theta)\, \sin^{2} \left(\frac{\Delta m^2 L}{4E}\right)\, \mathrm{(natural\,units)}
Or, using SI units and the convention introduced above
P_{\alpha\rightarrow\beta, \alpha\neq\beta} = \sin^{2}(2\theta) \, \sin^{2}\left( 1.267 \frac{\Delta m^2 L}{E} \frac{\rm GeV}{\rm eV^{2}\,\rm km}\right)
This formula is often appropriate for discussing the transition νμ ↔ ντ in atmospheric mixing, since the electron neutrino plays almost no role in this case. It is also appropriate for the solar case of νe ↔ νx, where νx is a superposition of νμ and ντ. These approximations are possible because the mixing angle θ13 is very small and because two of the mass states are very close in mass compared to the third.
Theory, graphically
Two neutrino probabilities in vacuum
In the approximation where only two neutrinos participate in the oscillation, the probability of oscillation follows a simple pattern:
Two neutrino oscillation probabilities.png
The blue curve shows the probability of the original neutrino retaining its identity. The red curve shows the probability of conversion to the other neutrino. The maximum probability of conversion is equal to sin22θ. The frequency of the oscillation is controlled by Δm2.
Three neutrino probabilities
If three neutrinos are considered, the probability for each neutrino to appear is somewhat complex. Here are shown the probabilities for each initial flavor, with one plot showing a long range to display the slow "solar" oscillation and the other zoomed in to display the fast "atmospheric" oscillation. The oscillation parameters used here are consistent with current measurements, but since some parameters are still quite uncertain, these graphs are only qualitatively correct in some aspects. These values were used:
sin22θ23 = 0.95. (It may turn out to be exactly one.)
sin22θ12 = 0.86.
\Delta m^2_{12} = 8 \times 10^{-5} {\rm eV}^2.
\Delta m^2_{23} \approx \Delta m^2_{13} = 2.4 \times 10^{-3} {\rm eV}^2.
Electron neutrino oscillations, long range. Here and in the following diagrams black means electron neutrino, blue means muon neutrino and red means tau neutrino.
Electron neutrino oscillations, short range
Muon neutrino oscillations, long range
Muon neutrino oscillations, short range
Tau neutrino oscillations, long range
Tau neutrino oscillations, short range
Observed values of oscillation parameters
\sin^2(\theta_{13}) < 0.032^{}_{} at 95% confidence level (\theta_{13} < 10.3^\circ) [5]
\tan^2(\theta_{12}) = 0.45^{+0.09}_{-0.07}. This corresponds to \theta_{12} \equiv \theta_{\rm sol}={33.9^\circ}^{+2.4^\circ}_{-2.2^\circ} ("sol" stands for solar) [7]
\sin^2(2\theta_{23}) = 1^{+0}_{-0.1}, corresponding to \theta_{23} \equiv \theta_{\rm atm}=45\pm 7^\circ ("atm" for atmospheric)[8]
\Delta m^2_{21} \equiv \Delta m^2_{\rm sol}= 8.0^{+0.6}_{-0.4}\cdot 10^{-5} {\rm eV}^2 [7]
| \Delta m^2_{31}| \approx |\Delta m^2_{32}| \equiv \Delta m^2_{\rm atm}= 2.43^{+0.13}_{-0.13}\cdot 10^{-3} {\rm eV}^2[9]
δ, α1, α2, and the sign of \Delta m^2_{32} are currently unknown
Solar neutrino experiments combined with KamLAND have measured the so-called solar parameters \Delta m^2_{\rm sol} and sin2θsol. Atmospheric neutrino experiments such as Super-Kamiokande together with the K2K and MINOS long baseline accelerator neutrino experiment have determined the so-called atmospheric parameters \Delta m^2_{\rm atm} and sin22θatm.
For atmospheric neutrinos (where the relevant difference of masses is about \Delta m^2 =2.4\times 10^{-3}\mbox{ eV}^2 and the typical energies are ~1 GeV), oscillations become visible for neutrinos travelling several hundred km, which means neutrinos that reach the detector from below the horizon.
From atmospheric and solar neutrino oscillation experiments, it is known that two mixing angles of the MNS matrix are large and the third is smaller. This is in sharp contrast to the CKM matrix in which all three angles are small and hierarchically decreasing. Nothing is known about the CP-violating phase of the MNS matrix.
If the neutrino mass proves to be of Majorana type (making the neutrino its own antiparticle), it is possible that the MNS matrix has more than one phase.
Since experiments observing the neutrino oscillations measure the squared mass difference and not absolute mass, one can claim that the lightest neutrino mass is exactly zero, without contradicting observations. This is however regarded as unlikely by theorists.
Origins of neutrino mass
The question of how neutrino masses arise has not been answered conclusively. In the Standard Model of particle physics, fermions only have mass because of interactions with the Higgs field (see Higgs boson). These interactions involve both leftand right-handed versions of the fermion (see chirality). However, only left-handed neutrinos have been observed so far.
Neutrinos may have another source of mass through the Majorana mass term. This type of mass applies for electrically-neutral particles since otherwise it would allow particles to turn into anti-particles, which would violate conservation of electric charge.
The smallest modification to the Standard Model, which only has left-handed neutrinos, is to allow these left-handed neutrinos to have Majorana masses. The problem with this is that the neutrino masses are implausibly smaller than the rest of the known particles (at least 500,000 times smaller than the mass of an electron), which, while it does not invalidate the theory, is not very satisfactory.
The next simplest addition would be to add right-handed neutrinos into the Standard Model, which interact with the left-handed neutrinos and the Higgs field in an analogous way to the rest of the fermions. These new neutrinos would interact with the other fermions solely in this way, so are not phenomenologically excluded. The problem of the disparity of the mass scales remains.
Seesaw mechanism
Main article: Seesaw mechanism
The most popular conjectured solution currently is the seesaw mechanism, where right-handed neutrinos with very large Majorana masses are added. If the right-handed neutrinos are very heavy, they induce a very small mass for the left-handed neutrinos, which is proportional to the inverse of the heavy mass.
If it is assumed that the neutrinos interact with the Higgs field with approximately the same strengths as the charged fermions do, the heavy mass should be close to the GUT scale. Note that, in the Standard Model there is just one fundamental mass scale (which can be taken as the scale of SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y breaking) and all masses (such as the electron or the mass of the Z boson) have to originate from this one.
There are other varieties of seesaw and currently it is not


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The requirement for sustainable water use is that the city uses only renewable water resources. The city has renewable, surface water rights of 69,000 acre-feet per year. These water rights are titled for consumptive use. Currently, the city returns one half of the supplied water to the river through the wastewater treatment plant. Therefore, the city can divert and use twice the titled water rights for supply, 138,000 acre-feet per year. The city must still rely on ground water for some portion of its water supply. Without a ground water component, the city would need large and more costly treatment facilities to meet seasonal peak demands. However, the amount to be pumped should be limited to the renewable portion of ground water. Renewable ground water is 50,000 acre-feet per year that is replenished by streamflow. To use 88,000 acre-feet of surface water, the city needs water treatment facilities. However, this measure alone can meet the city's increasing demand for only a few decades depending on the growth scenario. The city requires additional measures for long-term supply. The most viable measure is water conservation.
sustainable water, residential water, residential water consumption, water conservation
Sato, Hirotaka. "Water Pricing Strategy for the City of Albuquerque's Sustainable Water Use." (2007). _URL_


text:
- If you use an item without the owner's permission, and then return it, does this count as theft if they never find out?
- If so, does the rule of num 5;7 come into play, and what if this has occurred multiple times, would multiple repayments be required for each unauthorized use?
- Using someone else's item without permission is a form of theft, even if the person doesn't find out about it. We are commanded by G-d not to steal, and therefore the person would have to repent, because he didn't listen to G-d's commandment. In retrospect, if the item was already used, and he owner was not negatively affected by his using the item, (it wasn't ruined in any way, and the owner wasn't inconvenienced by it, then we would not have to ask the owner forgiveness, since he wasn't negatively affected).
- Regarding Numbers 5:7 that is referring to when a person stole money etc. and swore that he didn't take it, which is not applicable to regular stealing.
- Rambam Hilchos Gezeila 3-15, Shulchan Aruch Choshen Mishpat 359-5, 355-1.
- See Rashi Numbers 5-7.


+ unique='for i in $$list; do \ + if test -f "$$i"; then echo $$i; else echo $(srcdir)/$$i; fi; \ + done | $(am__uniquify_input)' ETAGS = etags CTAGS = ctags -am__tty_colors = \ -red=; grn=; lgn=; blu=; std= -# Restructured Text title and section. -am__rst_title = sed 's/.*/ & /;h;s/./=/g;p;x;p;g;p;s/.*//' -am__rst_section = sed 'p;s/./=/g;p;g' -# Put stdin (possibly several lines separated by ". ") in a box. -am__text_box = $(AWK) '{ \ - n = split($$0, lines, "\\. "); max = 0; \ - for (i = 1; i <= n; ++i) \ - if (max < length(lines[i])) \ - max = length(lines[i]); \ - for (i = 0; i < max; ++i) line = line "="; \ - print line; \ - for (i = 1; i <= n; ++i) if (lines[i]) print lines[i];\ - print line; \ +CSCOPE = cscope +am__tty_colors_dummy = \ + mgn= red= grn= lgn= blu= brg= std=; \ + am__color_tests=no +am__tty_colors = { \ + $(am__tty_colors_dummy); \ + if test "X$(AM_COLOR_TESTS)" = Xno; then \ + am__color_tests=no; \ + elif test "X$(AM_COLOR_TESTS)" = Xalways; then \ + am__color_tests=yes; \ + elif test "X$$TERM" != Xdumb && { test -t 1; } 2>/dev/null; then \ + am__color_tests=yes; \ + fi; \ + if test $$am__color_tests = yes; then \ + red=''; \ + grn=''; \ + lgn=''; \ + blu=''; \ + mgn=''; \ + brg=''; \ + std=''; \ + fi; \ +} +am__recheck_rx = ^[ ]*:recheck:[ ]* +am__global_test_result_rx = ^[ ]*:global-test-result:[ ]* +am__copy_in_global_log_rx = ^[ ]*:copy-in-global-log:[ ]* +# A command that, given a newline-separated list of test names on the +# standard input, print the name of the tests that are to be re-run +# upon "make recheck". +am__list_recheck_tests = $(AWK) '{ \ + recheck = 1; \ + while ((rc = (getline line < ($$0 ".trs"))) != 0) \ + { \ + if (rc < 0) \ + { \ + if ((getline line2 < ($$0 ".log")) < 0) \ + recheck = 0; \ + break; \ + } \ + else if (line ~ /$(am__recheck_rx)[nN][Oo]/) \ + { \ + recheck = 0; \ + break; \ + } \ + else if (line ~ /$(am__recheck_rx)[yY][eE][sS]/) \ + { \ + break; \ + } \ + }; \ + if (recheck) \ + print $$0; \ + close ($$0 ".trs"); \ + close ($$0 ".log"); \ +}' +# A command that, given a newline-separated list of test names on the +# standard input, create the global log from their .trs and .log files. +am__create_global_log = $(AWK) ' \ +function fatal(msg) \ +{ \ + print "fatal: making $@: " msg | "cat >&2"; \ + exit 1; \ +} \ +function rst_section(header) \ +{ \ + print header; \ + len = length(header); \ + for (i = 1; i <= len; i = i + 1) \ + printf "="; \ + printf "\n\n"; \ +} \ +{ \ + copy_in_global_log = 1; \ + global_test_result = "RUN"; \ + while ((rc = (getline line < ($$0 ".trs"))) != 0) \ + { \ + if (rc < 0) \ + fatal("failed to read from " $$0 ".trs"); \ + if (line ~ /$(am__global_test_result_rx)/) \ + { \ + sub("$(am__global_test_result_rx)", "", line); \ + sub("[ ]*$$", "", line); \ + global_test_result = line; \ + } \ + else if (line ~ /$(am__copy_in_global_log_rx)[nN][oO]/) \ + copy_in_global_log = 0; \ + }; \ + if (copy_in_global_log) \ + { \ + rst_section(global_test_result ": " $$0); \ + while ((rc = (getline line < ($$0 ".log"))) != 0) \ + { \ + if (rc < 0) \ + fatal("failed to read from " $$0 ".log"); \ + print line; \ + }; \ + printf "\n"; \ + }; \ + close ($$0 ".trs"); \ + close ($$0 ".log"); \ }' +# Restructured Text title. +am__rst_title = { sed 's/.*/ & /;h;s/./=/g;p;x;s/ *$$//;p;g' && echo; } # Solaris 10 'make', and several other traditional 'make' implementations, -# pass "-e" to $(SHELL). This contradicts POSIX. Work around the problem +# pass "-e" to $(SHELL), and POSIX 2008 even requires this. Work around it # by disabling -e (using the XSI extension "set +e") if it's set. am__sh_e_setup = case $$- in *e*) set +e;; esac +# Default flags passed to test drivers. +am__common_driver_flags = \ + --color-tests "$$am__color_tests" \ + --enable-hard-errors "$$am__enable_hard_errors" \ + --expect-failure "$$am__expect_failure" # To be inserted before the command running the test. Creates the # directory for the log if needed. Stores in $dir the directory -# containing $f, in $tst the test, in $log the log, and passes -# TESTS_ENVIRONMENT. Save and restore TERM around use of -# TESTS_ENVIRONMENT, in case that unsets it. +# containing $f, in $tst the test, in $log the log. Executes the +# developer- defined test setup AM_TESTS_ENVIRONMENT (if any), and +# passes TESTS_ENVIRONMENT. Set up options for the wrapper that +# will run the test scripts (or their associated LOG_COMPILER, if +# thy have one). am__check_pre = \ $(am__sh_e_setup); \ $(am__vpath_adj_setup) $(am__vpath_adj) \ +$(am__tty_colors); \


Fur Is Not Green
The Fur Trade and the Environment
'The Environmental Impact Of Fur Farming': download the Fur Free Alliance factsheet
The fur industry likes to claim that it a sustainable industry, even environmentally responsible, sometimes, even 'green'. This claim is laughable and does not stand up to scrutiny.
Many fur trade advertisements have had to be withdrawn or amended following complaints to advertising standards authorities in a number of countries. (See case histories at bottom of page)
The trade says it does not use fur from endangered species. Of course it doesn't because that would be illegal. The more important, unsaid, issue is why many of these species are endangered in the first place. Overexploitation by the fur trade has played a big part in many species being pushed to the edge of extinction and why they now need legal protection.
The fur trade is guilty of crimes against nature and the environment. Four areas of its abuse of the planet are outlined here:
Fur factory farm pollution and use of resources
Fur factory farming was introduced in response to the dwindling wildlife populations that resulted from many years of over-trapping. This intensive factory farming of mink and fox – currently more than 50 million each year – is now causing environmental problems of a different kind. These impacts are caused by the use of feed products including fish, cereals and drinking water as well as pollution and disease from waste products such as manure and animal carcasses.
 Mink, fox, and rabbits, raised en mass in fur factory farms, account for more than 85% of the world's trade in fur. The animal wastes contain high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus. A 2003 Michigan State University study in The Fur Rancher Blue Book of Fur Farming states that "the U.S. mink industry adds almost 1,000 tons of phosphorus to the environment each year." Excess levels of nitrogen and phosphorus are considered the most common form of water pollution in the United States. If not properly handled, the chemicals in the waste collected at these facilities pollute local water systems through runoff and leaching leading to nitrogen eutrophication and fish kills.
Air pollution comes from gases released from the animals' manure and can have an adverse impact on the quality of life of local residents. It can also cause damage to surrounding ecosystems. Ammonia is a major concern, not just from the farm itself, but also from the manure if it is spread on surrounding land.
Fur factory farms also consume vast resources. The use of feed ingredients such as marine mammals, fish and cereals, not only threatens wild populations (directly and indirectly) but is also an unnecessary waste of a resource with the equivalent energy content to the needs of over 9 million humans. In addition, a staggering 2.4 billion litres of water is estimated to be consumed by farmed mink and fox alone, equating to the annual needs of more than 3 million humans.
The transportation of an estimated 4 million tonnes of feed to mink and fox farms each year inevitably produces significant vehicle emissions containing atmospheric pollutants including: nitric oxide (NO), hydrocarbons (HC) and particulate matter in addition to greenhouse gases such as and carbon dioxide (CO2).
An estimated 2.7 million tonnes of faeces and urine are produced annually on mink and fox farms creating pollution problems due to inadequate storage and disposal.
Aquatic ecosystems can be affected in numerous ways by these animal wastes including increased nitrogenous oxygen demand in receiving waters, ammonia toxicity to fish, eutrophication, and health problems in humans and other animals.
Ammonia from fur farms has been shown to cause damage to forests by affecting trees and other vegetation directly as well as indirectly via forest soils.
There are also significant environmental issues raised by the disposal of the 40 million mink and fox carcasses each year, be it by incineration (airborne toxins), burial (toxic breakdown products) or rendering (high energy consumption and effluent production).
Due to the design of fur factory farms, not only do they inflict odour nuisance, fly infestations, and problems with escaped mink on residential neighbours, they also provide a constant threat of transmission of viral and bacterial diseases, fungal infections, and parasites to wildlife and in some cases to humans (zoonosis).
Release of non-native species
Alien species introduction has a profound effect on ecosystems and biodiversity. The threat is produced when a species is introduced whose activities impinge on those that have not evolved to withstand them. Species decline and possible extinction can result from the effects of predation, browsing/grazing and burrowing, hybridisation, reproductive disruption, competition for space or resources and disease transmission.
The IUCN (the International Union for the Conservation of Nature) has recognised that alien species are one of the major threats to native biological diversity. It says "The impacts of alien invasive species are immense, insidious, and usually irreversible. They may be as damaging to native species and ecosystems on a global scale as the loss and degradation of habitats." (IUCN Guidelines For The Prevention Of Biodiversity Loss Caused By Alien Invasive Species, 2000).
It is estimated that the consequences of alien introductions rank second only to habitat loss as the major threat to biodiversity (World Resources Institute 1998). In cases where the cause of a threat of extinction of species is identifiable, introduced species head the list. Globally, almost 20 per cent of vertebrate species thought to be in danger of extinction are threatened in some way by introduced species (McNeely 2000).
Alien species have been introduced unintentionally or accidentally while others have been deliberately released for profit. The fur trade has been involved with both.
The main examples considered here are the North American Mink (Mustela vison), the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula), the coypu (Myocastor coypus), the muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus), the raccoon (Procyon lotor) and the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) all of which are 'generalists', able to exploit a wide range of resources.
All have been deliberately (or sometimes accidentally) introduced for the benefit of the fur trade and all have had a dramatic and detrimental impact on indigenous wildlife and the wider ecosystem.
The consequences of these species introductions have been dramatic, both economically and ecologically, hav severe impacts on biodiversity. Two of them, the possum and coypu, are listed on the IUCN's '100 of the World's Worst invaders'.
The North American mink has been widely introduced into the wild by the fur trade. The consequences of mink predation have been far-reaching. Water birds are most at risk and declines in bird numbers have been recorded or suspected throughout the mink's introduced range.
In the United Kingdom the water vole (Arvicola terrestris) is thought to have suffered since the mink's introduction. The dissapearance of the water vole has been one of the most rapid and serious of any British wild mammal in the 20th century.
Competition from the North American mink has also played a major role in the catastrophic decline of the European mink (Mustela lutreola) which is now at risk of extinction.
Non-native Brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) were widely and deliberately released into the wild in New Zealand to establish a source of fur for the fur industry. This had led to widespread damage to New Zealand's ecosystem. The possums have thrived and now occupy all available habitat in greater densities than in their native Australia. Possums feed on just a few species and their browsing can lead to total canopy collapse, resulting in local extinctions of some species.
The possums may also compete with native species for space or resources resulting in the decline of species such as the New Zealand kokako (Callaeascinerea wilsoni). Many species such as the kiwi (Aperydiformes spp.) may also have suffered. The possum also predates on native birds, land snails and insects. The current use of poisons and traps to control possum populations kill many native species.
Where South American coypus (Myocastor coypus) have been introduced they have caused significant damage to wetlands through a process known as 'eat out' and burrowing. In coastal Louisiana, USA, coypu activity is currently adversely affecting 100,000 acres of internationally important marsh vegetation. Wetlands are vital as habitat for migratory birds and their loss has serious implications for a disproportionate number of endangered species.
The muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) – a native of North America – has also been extensively introduced by the fur trade. This semi-aquatic species can cause damage to wetlands, like the coypu, by 'eating out' vegetation. When muskrat populations are high this can lead to a dramatic reduction and changes to aquatic plants. Throughout the muskrat's introduced range it has had significant effects on natural vegetation.
The raccoon (Procyon lotor) and raccoon-dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) are two more alien species present in many countries as a direct result of the fur trade. Raccoon-dogs are predators, competing with the red fox and the badger, and pose threats to waterfowl and frog populations. The raccoon preys on native bird species and can transmit rabies.
While the fur trade continues to reap the benefits from introducing these ecologically damaging species


text:
S1 Probability June 2005Watch
A student is chosen at random.
Find the probability that this student
(a) is studying Arts subjects,
(b) does not wear glasses, given that the student is studying Arts subjects.
Amongst the Science students, 80% are right-handed. Corresponding percentages for Humanities and Arts students are 75% and 70% respectively.
A student is again chosen at random.
(c) Find the probability that this student is right-handed.
(d) Given that this student is right-handed, find the probability that the student is studying Science subjects.
I've had a look at the mark scheme and I understood it, however, how would i know that drawing a sample space diagram (I think thats what its called?), is better than a tree diagram. Originally I started off with a tree diagram but it got confusing


text:
The United States Postal Service announced in mid-March that it will issue the Protect Pollinators commemorative forever stamps August 3 in Richmond, Virginia. The ceremony for the stamps will take place during the American Philatelic Society's StampShow. An exact time for the ceremony has not been determined.
The five stamps, to debut nationwide the same day, will be sold in a pane of 20 format with decorative selvage. Nearby is a preliminary image of the pane layout.
Here are some additional details about the stamp issue from the U.S. Postal Service:
This stamp pays tribute to the beauty and importance of pollinators with stamps depicting two of our continent's most iconic, the monarch butterfly and the western honeybee, each shown industriously pollinating a variety of plants native to North America. These particular species exemplify the ecological service provided by all pollinators, which include other insects, birds, and bats. Crop pollination by insects contributes approximately $15 billion of produce to the U.S. economy each year. Trending declines in their populations alert us that pollinators are helped by planting pollinator gardens with native flowers or heirloom varieties of fruits and vegetables. Art director Derry Noyes designed this stamp pane with existing photographs.


text:
According to the authors of this paper, in the past three years there has been an increased interest in Massive Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs) in the academic community, specifically with the game World of Warcraft (WoW). Several areas of research have analyzed individual player attributes such as player motivations (Yee, 2005) and player characteristics (Bartle, 1996). An increasing amount of research has been dedicated to the social aspects of the game. Research in this area has looked at various types of social interactions among players, guild formation, and even the spread of viruses across a server.
This paper attempts to describe the structure of arena teams in relation to the overall structure of the social network on a particular server. By looking at guild relationships and arena team composition, the authors hope to shed light on which arena teams have the highest efficacy and are most successful in "ladder" competition. Currently, arena team players are given a rating based upon how many battles they won. By comparing this to arena team composition via by treating the rating of each arena team as a vector, this study aims at determining which factors are most important in developing an accomplished team via network visualization. In particular, the authors wanted to find out how an arena team's overall centrality in the network affects their overall success, and in addition, if there is a contrast in how arena teams are formed on large versus small servers (either through guild or non-guild relationships).
The first image represents a look into the Spinebreaker (PvP) server - 3 mode Alliance side: 16,534 players, 4065 guilds, and 5758 arena teams. The second is a visualization of the top 50 Horde teams in the the Windrunner (PvE) server.


Vacancy: Research Assistant (Byzantine) Greek philology
The Database of Byzantine Book Epigrams (DBBE,, based at Ghent University, will launch a completely revamped version in the near future, and is therefore seeking a well-qualified collaborator to maintain data and prepare records.
The candidate will be part of a team of preand postdoctoral scholars within the project Poetry from the Margins. Literary, linguistic, philological and cultural-historical analysis of a new corpus of Byzantine book epigrams (_PHONE_), directed by Professor Kristoffel Demoen and generously supported by the Research Fund of Ghent University (within the "Concerted Research Actions" program). It is based at the Greek Section of the Departments of Literary Studies and Linguistics.
The successful applicant will start employment on 1 September 2019.
The job includes the following tasks and expectations:
 1. to create and maintain the textual records that form the core of the digital database, relying on primary sources and existing publications;
 2. to adapt the existing records to the structure of the soon-to-launch database;
 3. to consult Greek manuscripts, primarily by way of digital reproductions;
 4. to contribute to the scholarly activities of the research group (e.g. organizing events in collaboration with the other members of the team, or participating in co-publications);
 5. to come and live in Belgium, work closely together with the other team members, and contribute to a pleasant and stimulating atmosphere.
Envisaged profile: the successful candidates will have
 1. an MA degree in classics (with an emphasis on Greek) or in Byzantine philology. In order to be eligible, candidates must have obtained their MA degree at the time of application or demonstrate convincingly that they will have that degree in hand by September 2019;
 2. excellent knowledge of classical Greek, and at least good notions of medieval Greek;
 3. very good knowledge of Greek paleography and editorial techniques, as evidenced by their curriculum studiorum (courses, subject of papers and dissertations, summer schools, etc.);
 4. very good knowledge of English and at least good reading skills of several other languages relevant to the field (primarily German, Italian, French, Modern Greek);
 5. the attitude to contribute to a research team.
We offer:
 1. a contract for one year of full-time employment with a status equivalent to that of a doctoral bursary;
 2. a competitive salary that corresponds to the salary scales for PhD students as established by the Flemish government (ca 2,000€ net / month);
 3. office space at the University, full membership of both the Department of Literary Studies ( and the DBBE research team and a solid and engaging academic working environment with a strong international profile.
The project is related to the academic interests of several other colleagues at Ghent University. The successful candidate will be able to interact with scholars and students affiliated with various departments and research institutes at the Faculty of Arts and Philosophy, such as the Department of Literary Studies, the Department of Linguistics, the Ghent Institute for Classical Studies, and the Pirenne Institute for Medieval Studies. S/he can receive support to apply for PhD funding in Gent in the future.
Applications should include a full curriculum vitae (including accurate information on grades and study results), a motivation letter, and two letters of reference. Applications must be sent electronically (preferably as pdf) to Floris Bernard (, no later than June 21, 2019.
Shortlisted candidates will be asked to complete a small written assignment by July 5, and will be invited for a Skype interview around July 10.
Please address any queries to Floris Bernard (


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What is cable granulator machine operation guide?
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With the development trend of lightweight manufacturing industry, cable has become the first choice of lightweight waste, deeply walk into our life, also widely used in life; From daily necessities and household appliances in daily life to automobiles, aviation and artificial satellites in military transportation, even medical supplies are involved in the application of high-performance cables. Cable granulator machineis widely used, so there must be machines for cable production, such as copper wire granulator machine, granulated copper wire etc. , what's more, you should know the operation methods of these cable granulator machines. This article mainly introduces operation guide of cable granulator machine.
Here are the main points of the article:
Confirm the project before starting the cable granulator machine
When cable granulator machine is in use
Shutdown of cable granulator machine after use
Precautions for use of cable granulator machine

1. Confirm the project before starting the cable granulator machine:
(1) Ensure that the granulated copper wire and the surrounding environment are clean and tidy and meet the site requirements.
(2) Before starting the equipment, check all the moving parts of the machine to avoid objects falling on the moving parts during transportation. Before inspection, turn off the power and turn the moving parts by hand, and pay attention to whether there is any jamming. If there is jamming, investigate the cause in time.
(3) Completely check the machine and confirm that there is no problem before powering on. Whether the motor rotation direction is consistent with the marked rotation direction, if there is any inconsistency, cut off the power and adjust the wiring sequence in time. The machine can run only after the direction of rotation of motors same with the mark.
(4) The copper wire granulator machine should be started with no load for 20-30 minutes first. Pay attention to the operation of each parts and observe whether the belt of the feeding conveyor is off-line. If there is off-line, adjust it in time, and wait until normal running. Then start feeding and debugging.
(5) To take care of the blades of cable granulator machine , better to check the mixed material before feeding. Any hard material (screws for example) feeded, it will damage the blades.

2. When cable granulator machine is in use:
(1) There is water cooler tank for cooling the crusher in copper wire granulator machine, please check if the cooler running during operation.
(2) Check the dust collecting bag timely, and clean it when necessary. We can say our cable granulator machine is environmentally friendly machinery.
(3) The feeding amount of the granulated copper wire during operation should be controlled and increased slowly, so as to avoid the accumulation of materials in the crusher machine and shut down caused by overloading. About the frequency of vibrating and air blowing, please refer to our User's manual.

3. Shutdown of cable granulator machine after use:
(1) Stop feeding the granulated copper wire and continue to run the machine for 8-10mins to empty the remaining materials in the feeding barrel.
(2) Shut down the machine in the order: Crusher- Conveyor- Separator- Air blower - dust removal - water pump, please read User's manual.
(3) Clean the mesh and check the blade of the cable granulator machine.

4. Precautions for use of cable granulator machine:
(1) It is absolutely forbidden to start the cable granulator machine with material loaded. Before starting the granulated copper wire, the internal storage of the crusher should be cleaned as much as possible, otherwise the load of the crusher motor will be increased when restarting, and the internal storage of the crusher may even cause the motor to be overloaded and damaged.
(2) Make sure that the material added to the cable granulator machine does not contain any hard damaging impurities.
(3) Do not place tools or objects in the hands of hand patients close to any rotating parts at any time. Do not place hands or tools in the hands into the hopper of the cable granulator machine at any time after the operation of the cable granulator machine. Use a hose instead of hand to remove material from the inside of the hopper or from the surface of the mixing blade.
(4) Wear protective gloves when cleaning the die of cable granulator machine and changing the screen plate.
(5) When the granulated copper wire stops, turn it off successively. The feeder, the main engine, the pump, the fan, the granulator, and the granulator finally rotate the governor to the zero position.
(6) After the copper wire granulator machine stops, immediately turn off the electricity and clean the site.
 I hope the introduction of copper wire granulator machine is helpful to you. please contact us freely. We can provide you the best proposal for your recycling business investment. Please contact us if you need Wire Recycling Machine PartsWire Stripping Machine or other wire recycling machinery.

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- Measurement of Large Distances - parallax angle or parallactic angle
- Estimation of Very Small Distances : Size of a Molecule
- Range of Lengths
Measurement of Length
Length can be measured using metre scale (10-3m to 102m), vernier callipers (10-4 m) and screw gauge and spherometer (10-5 m).
Measurement of Large Distances
Large distances such as the distance of a planet or a star from the earth cannot be measured directly with a metre scale. An important method in such cases is the parallax method.
Parallax is a displacement or difference in the apparent position of an object viewed along two different lines of sight, and is measured by the angle or semi-angle of inclination between those two lines. Distance between the two viewpoints is called Basis.
When you hold a pencil in front of you against some specific point on the background (a wall) and look at the pencil first through your left eye A (closing the right eye) and then look at the pencil through your right eye B (closing the left eye), you would notice that the position of the pencil seems to change with respect to the point on the wall. This is called parallax. The distance between the two points of observation is called the basis. In this example, the basis is the distance between the eyes.
Measuring distance of a planet using parallax method
Measuring the distance of a far away planet:
Let us assume S is a planet a distance D from earth. A and B are two observatories on earth.
Distance AB = b
Parallax Angle ∠ASB = θ
As the planet is very far away.
So, 'b/D'<< 1
and hence, θ is very small.
AB is an arc of circle with centre S and radius D
D = AS = BS
AB = b = Dθ, where θ is in radians
D = 'b/θ'....(i)
After determining D, size or angular diameter at the planet can be determined using same method.
α = 'd/D'....(ii)
Using these two equations, diameter of planet can be calculated.
Measuring very small distances
-To measure distances as low as size of a molecule, electron microscopes are used. These contain electrons beams controlled by electric and magnetic fields.
- Electron microscopes have a resolution of 0.6 Å or Angstroms.
- Electron microscopes are able to resolve atoms and molecules while using tunneling microscopy, it is possible to estimate size of molecule.
Estimating size of molecule of Oleic acid :-
The steps followed in determining the size of molecule are:
Dissolve 1 cm3 of oleic acid in alcohol to make a solution of 20 cm3.Take 1 cm3 of above solution and dissolve in alcohol to make a solution of 20 cm3 Concentration of oleic acid in the solution will be (1/(20x20)) cm3.
Sprinkle lycopodium powder on the surface of water in a trough and put one drop of above solution. The oleic acid in the solution will spread over water in a circular molecular thick film.
Measure the diameter of the above circular film using below calculations.
If n – Number of drops of solution in water, V – Volume of each drop, t – Thickness of the film, A – Area of the film
Total volume of n drops of solution = nV cm3
Amount of Oleic acid in this solution = nV(1/(20 x 20)) cm3
Thickness of the film t = Volume of the film / Area of the film
t = nV/(20x20A) cm
Range of Lengths
The sizes of the objects we come across in the universe vary over a very wide range. These may vary from the size of the order of 10–14 m of the tiny nucleus of an atom to the size of the order of 1026 m of the extent of the observable universe. Table below gives the range and order of lengths and sizes of some of these objects
|Size of object or distance||Length (m)|
|Size of a proton||10-15|
|Size of atomic nucleus||10-14|
|size of hydrogen atom||10-10|
|Length of typical virus||10-8|
|Wavelength of light||10-7|
|Size of red blood corpuscle||10-5|
|Thickness of a paper||10-4|
|Height of the Mount Everest above sea level||104|
|Radius of the Earth||107|
|Distance of the moon from the Earth||108|
|Distance of the Sun from the Earth||1011|
|Distance of Pluto from the Sun||1013|
|Size of galaxy||1021|
|Distance to Andromeda galaxy||1022|
|Distance to the boundary of observable universe||1026|


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Washington County Service Authority Water Intake
South Holston Reservoir, Washington County, Virginia
On December 1, 2006, TVA issued a final environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact (FONSI) for the Washington County Service Authority's (WCSA) proposed new water intake. The new water intake requires TVA Section 26a approval. TVA issued this approval on December 12, 2006.
The WCSA proposal involves the construction and operation of 12 million gallon per day raw water intake and pump station at South Fork Holston River Mile 72.5 (right bank), about 150 feet upstream of the confluence of the Middle Fork Holston River, in southwest Virginia. The purpose of the proposed intake is to provide increased withdrawal capacity for the Washington County Water Treatment Plant in order to meet future municipal water supply demands. TVA's environmental assessment focuses on potential impacts to water quality and quantity, aquatic ecology, and historic properties.
Since 2006, WCSA has submitted two requests to TVA for approval of modifications to the original design of the raw water intake structure. In the first request, WCSA proposed to install a single water intake structure below the low water level instead of the above-ground, wet well type structure. On August 3, 2010, TVA issued a revised FONSI for the modifications. In the second request, WCSA proposed to install three water intake structures below the low water level and construct a valve vault on the shoreline. Additionally, under the current proposal, raw water intake pipes would be installed using a horizontal directional drilling technique rather than by surface excavation. On October 28, 2010, TVA issued a second revised FONSI for these modifications.
PDF files require Adobe Acrobat Reader.
Environmental Assessment (PDF, 1 mb)
Finding of No Significant Impact (PDF, 92 kb)
First Revised Finding of No Significant Impact (PDF, 4.2 mb)
Second Revised Finding of No Significant Impact (PDF, 290 kb)
For additional information contact:
James F. Williamson, Senior NEPA Specialist
Tennessee Valley Authority
400 West Summit Hill Drive, WT 11D
Knoxville, Tennessee 37902


Class yii\data\Sort
Inheritanceyii\data\Sort » yii\base\BaseObject
Implementsyii\base\Configurable
Available since version2.0
Source Code _URL_
Sort represents information relevant to sorting.
When data needs to be sorted according to one or several attributes, we can use Sort to represent the sorting information and generate appropriate hyperlinks that can lead to sort actions.
A typical usage example is as follows,
public function actionIndex()
{
 $sort = new Sort([
 'attributes' => [
 'age',
 'name' => [
 'asc' => ['first_name' => SORT_ASC, 'last_name' => SORT_ASC],
 'desc' => ['first_name' => SORT_DESC, 'last_name' => SORT_DESC],
 'default' => SORT_DESC,
 'label' => 'Name',
 ],
 ],
 ]);
 $models = Article::find()
 ->where(['status' => 1])
 ->orderBy($sort->orders)
 ->all();
 return $this->render('index', [
 'models' => $models,
 'sort' => $sort,
 ]);
}
View:
// display links leading to sort actions
echo $sort->link('name') . ' | ' . $sort->link('age');
foreach ($models as $model) {
 // display $model here
}
In the above, we declare two $attributes that support sorting: name and age. We pass the sort information to the Article query so that the query results are sorted by the orders specified by the Sort object. In the view, we show two hyperlinks that can lead to pages with the data sorted by the corresponding attributes.
For more details and usage information on Sort, see the guide article on sorting.
Public Properties
Hide inherited properties
PropertyTypeDescriptionDefined By
$attributes array List of attributes that are allowed to be sorted. yii\data\Sort
$defaultOrder array The order that should be used when the current request does not specify any order. yii\data\Sort
$enableMultiSort boolean Whether the sorting can be applied to multiple attributes simultaneously. yii\data\Sort
$params array Parameters (name => value) that should be used to obtain the current sort directions and to create new sort URLs. yii\data\Sort
$route string The route of the controller action for displaying the sorted contents. yii\data\Sort
$separator string The character used to separate different attributes that need to be sorted by. yii\data\Sort
$sortParam string The name of the parameter that specifies which attributes to be sorted in which direction. yii\data\Sort
$urlManager yii\web\UrlManager The URL manager used for creating sort URLs. yii\data\Sort
Public Methods
Hide inherited methods
MethodDescriptionDefined By
__call() Calls the named method which is not a class method. yii\base\BaseObject
__construct() Constructor. yii\base\BaseObject
__get() Returns the value of an object property. yii\base\BaseObject
__isset() Checks if a property is set, i.e. defined and not null. yii\base\BaseObject
__set() Sets value of an object property. yii\base\BaseObject
__unset() Sets an object property to null. yii\base\BaseObject
canGetProperty() Returns a value indicating whether a property can be read. yii\base\BaseObject
canSetProperty() Returns a value indicating whether a property can be set. yii\base\BaseObject
className() Returns the fully qualified name of this class. yii\base\BaseObject
createSortParam() Creates the sort variable for the specified attribute. yii\data\Sort
createUrl() Creates a URL for sorting the data by the specified attribute. yii\data\Sort
getAttributeOrder() Returns the sort direction of the specified attribute in the current request. yii\data\Sort
getAttributeOrders() Returns the currently requested sort information. yii\data\Sort
getOrders() Returns the columns and their corresponding sort directions. yii\data\Sort
hasAttribute() Returns a value indicating whether the sort definition supports sorting by the named attribute. yii\data\Sort
hasMethod() Returns a value indicating whether a method is defined. yii\base\BaseObject
hasProperty() Returns a value indicating whether a property is defined. yii\base\BaseObject
init() Normalizes the $attributes property. yii\data\Sort
link() Generates a hyperlink that links to the sort action to sort by the specified attribute. yii\data\Sort
setAttributeOrders() Sets up the currently sort information. yii\data\Sort
Protected Methods
Hide inherited methods
MethodDescriptionDefined By
parseSortParam() Parses the value of $sortParam into an array of sort attributes. yii\data\Sort
Property Details
$attributes public property
List of attributes that are allowed to be sorted. Its syntax can be described using the following example:
[
 'age',
 'name' => [
 'asc' => ['first_name' => SORT_ASC, 'last_name' => SORT_ASC],
 'desc' => ['first_name' => SORT_DESC, 'last_name' => SORT_DESC],
 'default' => SORT_DESC,
 'label' => 'Name',
 ],
]
In the above, two attributes are declared: age and name. The age attribute is a simple attribute which is equivalent to the following:
'age' => [
 'asc' => ['age' => SORT_ASC],
 'desc' => ['age' => SORT_DESC],
 'default' => SORT_ASC,
 'label' => Inflector::camel2words('age'),
]
Since 2.0.12 particular sort direction can be also specified as direct sort expression, like following:
'name' => [
 'asc' => '[[last_name]] ASC NULLS FIRST', // PostgreSQL specific feature
 'desc' => '[[last_name]] DESC NULLS LAST',
]
The name attribute is a composite attribute:
 - The name key represents the attribute name which will appear in the URLs leading to sort actions.
 - The asc and desc elements specify how to sort by the attribute in ascending and descending orders, respectively. Their values represent the actual columns and the directions by which the data should be sorted by.
 - The default element specifies by which direction the attribute should be sorted if it is not currently sorted (the default value is ascending order).
 - The label element specifies what label should be used when calling link() to create a sort link. If not set, yii\helpers\Inflector::camel2words() will be called to get a label. Note that it will not be HTML-encoded.
Note that if the Sort object is already created, you can only use the full format to configure every attribute. Each attribute must include these elements: asc and desc.
public array $attributes = []
$defaultOrder public property
The order that should be used when the current request does not specify any order. The array keys are attribute names and the array values are the corresponding sort directions. For example,
[
 'name' => SORT_ASC,
 'created_at' => SORT_DESC,
]
See also \yii\data\attributeOrders.
public array $defaultOrder null
$enableMultiSort public property
Whether the sorting can be applied to multiple attributes simultaneously. Defaults to false, which means each time the data can only be sorted by one attribute.
public boolean $enableMultiSort false
$params public property
Parameters (name => value) that should be used to obtain the current sort directions and to create new sort URLs. If not set, $_GET will be used instead.
In order to add hash to all links use array_merge($_GET, ['#' => 'my-hash']).
The array element indexed by $sortParam is considered to be the current sort directions. If the element does not exist, the default order will be used.
See also:
public array $params null
$route public property
The route of the controller action for displaying the sorted contents. If not set, it means using the currently requested route.
public string $route null
$separator public property
The character used to separate different attributes that need to be sorted by.
public string $separator ','
$sortParam public property
The name of the parameter that specifies which attributes to be sorted in which direction. Defaults to sort.
See also


Harvesting Searchterms into Keywords/Targets is a standard best practice in Amazon Advertising. This should be done regularly to improve performance.
Sellics has features that can automate this process for you, but there are many situations in which manually harvesting searchterms to keywords is necessary.
Follow the steps below to utilize the Sellics UI to its fullest potential:
 1. In the Optimize tab, set your time-frame. Typically 30 days is a good default.
 2. Choose the Searchterms Tab
3. Sort by KPI. Some good ones to start with are Orders, Spend and Impressions.
4. Once you identify a Searchterm that needs to be harvested into a new ad group as a Keyword, select that term, and click on the Action menu.
5. Select Move to Ad Group.
6. Confirm and select the correct ad group you want to move the Searchterm into. Be thoughtful of the match type you decide to use. If you are unsure what bid you'd like to set the Keywords to, you can click and drag the pop out box and refer to the current CPC of the searchterm as a base point.
7. Choose to add the searchterm as a negative in the source campaign. Adding the searchterm as negative means you will be preventing that searchterm from appearing in the source ad group.
8. Click Move searchterms.
Use the post it note symbol to copy multiple searchterms to a clipboard. Add multiple relevant keywords at once from the clipboard.
Prioritize searchterms that need to be moved based on the orders, spend and impressions. Use 30 days to start. In the following weeks you can narrow it down to 14 days or even 7 days.
If you notice a pattern in the searchterms such as high impressions for a certain color variation or a competitors brand, this is an indication that there is opportunity to isolate and optimize against this traffic. Create a new campaign or ad group that is dedicated to this kind of traffic. Manually harvest keywords into this ad group.
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text:
Skip to Main Content
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) aim to detect the actions that attempt to compromise the confidentiality, availability, and integrity of a resource by monitoring the events occurring in computer systems and/or networks. Stream data processing is a database technology applied to flows of data. Temporal Logic is a formalism for representing change over time. This paper proposes the development of a network intrusion detection system by combining temporal formalisms for representing attack patterns with stream processing for intruder detection. The experimental results show that this combination successfully was able to detect all the attacks of that type in the test data. Additionally, the solution provides a concise and unambiguous way to formally represent attack signatures and it is extensible and scalable.


text:
PURPOSE: To perform effectively oxidation of ferrous ion by treating aq. soln. contg. chlorine and iron with iron bacteria to oxidize to ferric ion and returning the sludge contg. iron bacteria precipitated by this treatment to an oxidation tank.
CONSTITUTION: Aq. soln. contg. at least chlorine ion and Fe(II) ion is introduced into an oxidation tank, and iron bacteria cultivated separately in a liquid culture medium contg. Fe(II) ion and Cl ion are introduced into the same tank to oxidize Fe(II) ion in the introduced liquid to Fe(III) ion. In this case, diatomaceous earth as a carrier agent for the iron bacteria and nutrient are added to the oxidation tank. When Fe(II) ion is oxidized to Fe(III) ion in the oxidation tank, iron bacteria-contg. sludge consisting essentially of iron hydroxide is formed; solid matters in the treated liquid is separated from liquid in a settling tank, and separated iron bacteria-contg. sludge is reused repeatedly in the oxidation tank to perform operation continuously.
Next Patent: AERATION TANK IN FILTHY WATER TREATING PROCESS USING ACTIVATED SLUDGE


Map asm instructions back to source code
I work in the embedded sector, where certifying our software can involve juxtaposing specific lines of assembly with their respective source code.
For example, would it be possible, using llvm/clang, to dump all basic blocks containing condition instructions and their corresponding source lines?
I don't think are any builtin ways to do this but I can think of two things that might be of use or helpful when writing a tool that would do such a thing:
Firstly, objdump (both GNU and llvm-objdump) support outputting assembly output and mapping it back to the original source code as long as you are compiling with debug information. As an example for llvm-objdump this is the command line I often use for that purpose: llvm-objdump -C --line-numbers --x86-asm-syntax=intel --no-leading-addr --no-show-raw-insn <executable>. It will output the assembly code and interleave in comments to which line in which file the subsequent instructions refer to. One could likely parse this format automatically.
Possibly easier would be to get the LLVM IR produced by clang. Every LLVM IR instruction has a debug location metadata attached to it. LLVMs C++ API (and I am assuming C API), provides many ways to walk through the IR as well as to read the line location of an instruction.
This disadvantage of the LLVM IR approach might be that eg. a branch in LLVM IR might not cleanly map to a branch in the generated assembly. Generally speaking it would at that point not contain any optimizations and/or instruction selection information done by the target specific backend. (imagine a branch in LLVM IR, being compiled to a cmov on x86 eg.)
The disadvantage of the llvm-objdump approach would be that you at the very least need to parse the output yourself to get the source locations in the comments. I sadly have no clue how reuseable the LLVM assembler API is and whether you can get a list of instructions from there that would allow you to iterate over the instructions and search for eg. branch instructions, that is something to check if you'd take that approach.
Hope this helps
Thanks for the reply, Zero.
Today, we use a regex-based parser on interleaved src/asm. But the implementation is unreadable, unmaintainable, and untested. It is also supporting different "flavors" of asm.
LLVM IR
As you said, it is not guaranteed to map 1:1 with the emitted assembly. We require all assembly branches to be tracked, unfortunately.
I will look at the LLVM assembler API to see if it can be reused somehow. Ideally there exists some library that simply takes asm as input, and exposes a "walkable" list of sections/instructions.


text:
Discussion Author: Hugh M Dainer
Computed Tomography of the head is an excellent tool for the rapid preliminary evaluation of headache, trauma or neurological dysfunction.
Ease of access to CT scanning for problem solving must be weighed against the need to maintain radiation dose at the lowest necessary level (ALARA principle = "as low as reasonable achievable"). For a young adult (age 25 years) the estimated radiation organ dose to the brain from a head CT is 20 mGy. (1)
Familiarization with the appearance of normal structures can maximize the benefit of head CT and limit the need for repeat studies.
Topic Details: Normal Head CT - Young Adult Brain :: :: Search for other Topics with Normal Head CT - Young Adult Brain
Highlight this =>[ Normal Head CT - Young Adult Brain ]<= for a Popup Search Tool


text:
Tariq Aslam is Reader at the University of Manchester and a Consultant Ophthalmologist at Manchester Royal Eye Hospital. He specialises in medical retina, after having completed fellowship training for this at Moorfields Eye Hospital.
He has a doctorate (DM) from Oxford University which involved setting up clinical trials and assessing outcome measures. He has a more recent PhD from Heriot Watt University in interface technologies and computer programming for which he demonstrated ability to code in a number of higher level computer languages and was awarded the esteemed University MacFarlane prize as well as a Professorship at Heriot Watt. This second PhD in addition to his clinical training have afforded him capabilities of innovative and clinically relevant software programming, which have been applied to both device development and image processing algorithms.
His research explores many branches of ophthalmology, involving his clinical interests in retina as well as the general potential for computerised and technical enhancement of diagnosis and management of ophthalmic disease. He has around 100 peer reviewed publications, predominantly as lead author, a number of patents and is an investigator on multiple grants over the last 5 years in Manchester with involvement in commercial as well as with investigator lead studies.
He is Director of the Manchester Investigative Ophthalmology and Vision Science MSc course, Director of the Manchester undergraduate Ocular Disease course, Former Editor of "Eye News", Editor of "Ophthalmology and Therapy" and Associate Editor of "Acta Ophthalmologica"
His research has led to formation of a spin-out medical software company and he has recently been awarded a prestigious Manchester University prize for social impact, which is his ultimate research goal.
Eye News Co-editor Professor Tariq Aslam, from the University of Manchester, delivers his keynote lecture 'Will a robot take my job?' at the Eye News 'AI and New Technology' Symposium in Glasgow in January 2020.


getZeroArcs: Selects zero weight arcs of a graph
Description Usage Arguments Value See Also
View source: R/getZeroArcs.R
Description
Given a directed graph, getZeroArcs returns the list of arcs with zero weight. Removes other arcs by assign them infinite value.
Usage
1
getZeroArcs(nodes, arcs)
Arguments
nodes
vector containing the nodes of the graph, identified by a number that goes from 1 to the order of the graph.
arcs
matrix with the list of arcs of the graph. Each row represents one arc. The first two columns contain the two endpoints of each arc and the third column contains their weights.
Value
The getZeroArcs function returns a matrix with the list of zero weight arcs of the graph.
See Also
This function is an auxiliar function used in msArborEdmonds and getMinimumArborescence.
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