stack,
 'timeout' => 5.0
]);
$response = $client->get('users');
In the above code example, we create a custom retry middleware that retries failed requests up to 3 times with exponential back-off. The timeout option is set to 5 seconds, which means Guzzle will throw an exception if a request takes longer than 5 seconds.
 1. Authentication and cookies
To handle authentication and cookies in Guzzle, you can use the auth and cookies options:
use GuzzleHttp\Client;
use GuzzleHttp\Cookie\CookieJar;
$cookieJar = new CookieJar();
$client = new Client([
 'base_uri' => '_URL_
 'auth' => ['username', 'password'], // Basic authentication
 'cookies' => $cookieJar
]);
$response = $client->get('users');
In the above code example, we set up basic authentication using the auth option with a username and password. The cookies option is set to a CookieJar instance, which enables Guzzle to store and send cookies automatically.
 1. Proxy support
To use a proxy with Guzzle, you can set the proxy option:
use GuzzleHttp\Client;
$client = new Client([
 'base_uri' => '_URL_
 'proxy' => '_URL_'
]);
$response = $client->get('users');
In the above code example, we configure Guzzle to use a proxy server at _URL_. All requests made with this client will pass through the specified proxy server.
These advanced usage examples showcase Guzzle's versatility in handling asynchronous requests, middleware, event handling, and advanced request options such as timeouts, retries, authentication, cookies, and proxy support.
By understanding these advanced features, you can further optimize your PHP applications and enhance their capabilities when working with web services and APIs.
Error Handling and Debugging
When working with Guzzle, you will encounter various exceptions and errors. Understanding how to handle and debug them is crucial.
Understanding Guzzle exceptions
Guzzle has several types of exceptions to help you identify and handle errors more effectively:
 1. ClientException: This exception is thrown when there's a client-side error, such as a 4xx HTTP status code. It indicates that the client has provided incorrect or incomplete information in the request.
 2. ServerException: This exception is thrown when there's a server-side error, such as a 5xx HTTP status code. It indicates that the server failed to process the request, even though the client's request was valid.
 3. RequestException: This is the base exception class for both ClientException and ServerException. It can catch all types of request errors.
Implementing custom error handling
You can implement custom error handling in Guzzle by using a try-catch block to catch specific exceptions:
use GuzzleHttp\Client;
use GuzzleHttp\Exception\ClientException;
use GuzzleHttp\Exception\ServerException;
use GuzzleHttp\Exception\RequestException;
$client = new Client([
 'base_uri' => '_URL_
]);
try {
 $response = $client->get('users/invalid');
} catch (ClientException $e) {
 echo "Client-side error: " . $e->getMessage();
} catch (ServerException $e) {
 echo "Server-side error: " . $e->getMessage();
} catch (RequestException $e) {
 echo "General request error: " . $e->getMessage();
}
In the above code example, we handle different types of exceptions separately, allowing for better error reporting and debugging.
Debugging Guzzle requests
 1. Enabling debug mode
To enable debug mode in Guzzle, you can set the debug option to true:
use GuzzleHttp\Client;
$client = new Client([
 'base_uri' => '_URL_
 'debug' => true
]);
$response = $client->get('users');
When the debug option is enabled, Guzzle will output detailed information about the request and response, such as the request headers, response headers, and response body.
 1. Using Guzzle's logging features
Guzzle supports logging requests and responses using the Psr\Log\LoggerInterface. You can use any PSR-3 compatible logger, such as Monolog, to log Guzzle's activity:
use GuzzleHttp\Client;
use GuzzleHttp\HandlerStack;
use GuzzleHttp\Middleware;
use Monolog\Logger;
use Monolog\Handler\StreamHandler;
$logger = new Logger('guzzle');
$logger->pushHandler(new StreamHandler('guzzle.log', Logger::DEBUG));
$stack = HandlerStack::create();
$stack->push(Middleware::log($logger, \GuzzleHttp\MessageFormatter::DEBUG_FORMAT));
$client = new Client([
 'base_uri' => '_URL_
 'handler' => $stack
]);
$response = $client->get('users');
In the above code example, we use Monolog to log Guzzle requests and responses to a file called guzzle.log.
 1. Third-party debugging tools
You can also use third-party tools to debug Guzzle requests, such as Clockwork or DebugBar. These tools provide a user-friendly interface for debugging PHP applications, including requests made with Guzzle.
By understanding Guzzle's exceptions, implementing custom error handling, and using various debugging techniques, you can effectively handle errors and debug your Guzzle-based applications, ensuring better performance and reliability.
Guzzle in 2023: Recent Updates and New Features
Guzzle continues to evolve with new features, improvements, and changes that impact developers:
Latest Guzzle version and improvements
In September 2021, the latest Guzzle version is Guzzle 7. However, it's essential to consult the official Guzzle GitHub repository to check the latest version and updates since newer versions may have been released since then. The most recent version will include improvements in performance, bug fixes, and new features.
Notable changes and their impact on developers
While I can't provide specific updates from 2023, I can mention some notable changes introduced in Guzzle 7, which may still be relevant:
 1. Minimum PHP version: Guzzle 7 requires PHP 7.2 or later. This change allows developers to take advantage of the latest PHP features and improvements, but it also means that projects using older PHP versions need to be updated to work with Guzzle 7.
 2. PSR-18 support: Guzzle 7 added support for the PSR-18 HTTP Client standard, which defines a common interface for sending HTTP requests. This improvement allows developers to easily switch between HTTP clients without modifying their code.
 3. Improved type hints and documentation: Guzzle 7 introduced more extensive type hinting and improved documentation, making it easier for developers to understand the library and catch potential issues during development.
New features and enhancements
To stay up-to-date with the latest Guzzle developments, you should regularly check the official Guzzle GitHub repository, its release notes, and the official Guzzle documentation.
When exploring recent updates, consider how these changes can impact your projects, such as:
 - New features that might help streamline your development process
 - Performance improvements that can enhance your application's speed and responsiveness
 - Bug fixes that address known issues or vulnerabilities
 - Changes to requirements or dependencies that might affect your project's compatibility
By keeping up with the latest updates and understanding their implications, you can ensure that your PHP applications remain efficient, secure, and compatible with the most recent Guzzle version.
Real-world Guzzle Use Cases in 2023
Guzzle is widely used across various industries for different purposes:
API consumption and integration
Guzzle is a powerful tool for consuming and integrating APIs in PHP applications. Here are some examples of popular API use cases in 2023:
 1. Social media APIs: Guzzle can be used to interact with social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and LinkedIn, allowing developers to fetch user data, post messages, and manage social media accounts programmatically.
// Example: Fetching Twitter user data
$client = new GuzzleHttp\Client(['base_uri' => '_URL_
$response = $client->get('1.1/users/show.json?screen_name=username', [
 'headers' => [
 'Authorization' => 'Bearer ' . $accessToken
 ]
]);
$userData = json_decode($response->getBody(), true);
 1. Weather APIs: Weather services like OpenWeatherMap, Weatherbit, and Dark Sky provide APIs to access current weather conditions, forecasts, and historical weather data. Guzzle can be used to fetch


text: Background: Cassia auriculata L. (CA) leaf extract might increase the body's production of insulin thereby suppressing the elevated blood glucose and lipid levels in diabetic rats. CA has been used as dietary supplement in India from ancient times. Objective: The present study was to elucidate the synergistic pharmacodynamic (PD) and pharmacokinetic (PK) interaction of metformin (MT) with CA. Materials and Methods:A simple, precise reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography - UV detection mode method was developed to quantify MT in rat plasma. In PD interaction, streptozotocin (45mg/kg, intraperitoneally) induced diabetic Wistar rats weighing 180–250 g of either sex were randomized to receive MT (90 mg/kg, MT-HD), CA (500 mg/kg) separately and in combination of MT (90 mg/kg, MT-HD) + CA (500 mg/kg), and MT (45 mg/kg, MT-LD) + CA (500 mg/kg) (all oral) along with normal and diabetic control groups for 21 days. PK of MT was carried out in normal rats with preadministration of CA (500 mg/kg) for 14 days. Results: PD data showed reasonable blood glucose lowering effect of CA. The reduction of MT dose with combination of CA achieved a similar blood glucose lowering effect of MT alone. PK data showed enhanced time taken to achieve maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), area under the curve (AUC0-t), and Cmaxin combination group of MT (90mg/kg) and CA (500mg/kg), and reduction of MT dose in Group III had a reduced Cmaxand AUC0-tcompared to MT alone treated groups. Conclusion: Co-administration of CA with MT at varying dose showed a synergistic herb-drug interaction. Thus using the synergistic herb-drug interaction, the dose level of MT may be reduced to produce the same therapeutic effect as when taken alone.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


A letter in Sunday's NY Times Book Review section made me wince, smile ruefully, and then wince again:
To the Editor:
Caroline Weber's interesting review of "Jeans: A Cultural History of an American Icon," by James Sullivan (Aug. 20), fails to mention the foreign origin of one name for bluejeans.
History tells us that Mr. and Mrs. Levi Strauss spent their summers in Provence, France — specifically at Nîmes, where the heavy blue fabric was made. Because the dye was famous and was found nowhere else, the French called it "bleu de Nîmes." Strauss anglicized the name to "blue denim." The rest is history.
Ita Aber
New York
The first wince was at the completely false assertion about the Levi Strausses inventing the word, which has been around since the 17th century (1695 E. HATTON Merchant's Mag. 159, 18 Serge Denims that cost 6l. each). The rueful smile was an acknowledgment of the irrepressible human need to connect stories with famous people (mixed with gratitude that the basic etymological fact, that denim comes from the phrase de Nîmes, is correct). The second wince was at the thought that the Times, once again, didn't bother to check up on an assertion about language.
By the way, another letter in the same section added a sad detail to the story of the death of the great science fiction writer known to the field as James Tiptree, Jr. (her "real" name was Alice B. Sheldon): "Sheldon revealed that she had struggled against suicidal urges since her childhood. The handwritten suicide note found beside her corpse in 1987 had been written years earlier; she had carefully saved it until she was ready to use it."
 1. As every schoolboy knows, the first pair of jeans was made by Claude Lévi-Strauss, the founder of structural haberdashery.
 2. Michael Farris says:
 "Claude Lévi-Strauss, the founder of structural haberdashery"
 As so memorably detailed in his book "The Raw and the Acid-washed".
 3. I suppose I could get through my day without you maniacs, but it would be a lot less fun.
 4. marie-lucie says:
 The French phrase for the distinctive material used in blue jeans is "tissu jean" 'jeans material' – "un jean" or "un bluejean" (pronounced in an approximation of English) referring to the pants in question. Raymond Queneau, who was fond of writing colloquial French phonetically, wrote "bloudjinns". I have never heard or seen "bleu de Nimes", but if I had, I would have thought it referred to a dye or a paint colour, not to the fabric, as in "bleu de Prusse" 'Prussian blue'.
 (great reference for Levi-Strauss, guys)
 5. If Lévi-Strauss was the man responsible, we now know why the tropiques were triste.
 6. on Alice TiptreeThe recent biography is a facinating read, put it in your to be read pile, somewhere near the top. My copy is on loan so I can't look this up, but I think she had dated her letter to 1978. A decade later, it was still relevant.
 7. "As so memorably detailed in his book "The Raw and the Acid-washed"."
 And further expanded upon in his best-selling "The Savage Pants".
 8. I found that this had more than I expected on the subject of words about pants.
 9. Sigh. At present the Wikipedia entry maidhc links to says "A popular etymology of the word denim is a contraction of serge de Nîmes in France." Right, and a popular story about George Washington is that he was president of the United States. I love Wikipedia, but it can sure be sloppy and badly written.
Speak Your Mind


Segmenting initial sounds
Segmenting initial sounds involves the child identifying the first sound, or phoneme, in a spoken word e.g. "Can you tell me the first sound in the word cat?" or "Can you tell me where the /p/ sound is in pig?" Words that contain CV beginnings are easier to segment than words containing consonant blends such as 'skip'.
Elkonin boxes are a useful method for helping children isolate phonemes in spoken words because they give children a visual representation of an auditory task. Children are presented with a picture, usually of an object containing two or three phonemes for beginners, and asked to move a counter into each box as each phoneme is pronounced. Coloured rocks or pieces of Lego can also be used instead of counters. Once phoneme isolation is mastered then counters can be replaced with letters or graphemes.
Elkonin boxes: using three counters for words containing three phonemes helps children to conceptualise the sound structure of words
Isolating sounds in pig, hen, cow with Lego pieces


text:
The most common guesses include a geode, a misshapen pomegranate, and a "period rock." But all these guesses are wrong.
Scientific American's Becky Crew explains that this bizarre-looking specimen is actually a sea creature (Pyura chilensis, to be exact, but known less formally as a "sea squirt.") It's commonly found in the coastal waters of Chile and Peru. They don't look like much from the outside — their squishy bits are encased in a thick substance called "Tunicin" that's very similar to the cellulose that you find in plants — but slice one open, and you'll see they're actually quite beautiful, if a little alien-looking.
But that's not the only thing odd about P. chilensis. Despite its crimson appearance, this creature has clear blood. Its meat contains the rare element vanadium, in concentrations up to 10 million times that of the ocean waters where it makes its home (nobody's quite sure why this is.) And it possesses both male and female gonads. They're also, evidently, delicious. But while P. chilensis have been fished commercially by Chilean and Peruvian natives for years, it wasn't until 2005 that researchers had a clear idea of this bizarre animal's mating habits. Over at SciAm, Crew recounts the details of the experiment that brought its reproductive ways to light:
In 2005, biologists Patricio H. Manríquez from the Universidad Austral de Chile and Juan Carlos Castilla from the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile published a paper in the Marine Ecology Progress Series revealing for the first time the particulars of this creature's asexuality. (They also use the verb 'selfing' often and with glorious earnestness). They collected 30 sexually mature P. chilensis from habits in central and northern Chile and set them up in lab tanks as isolated and paired individuals. They wanted to assess the occurrence and success of fertilisation via these two types of reproduction followed by the settlement of the resulting offspring to a hard surface and their subsequent metamorphosis into adulthood.
Continue reading at SciAm.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Learning values across many orders of magnitude
Most learning algorithms are not invariant to the scale of the function that is being approximated. We propose to adaptively normalize the targets used in learning. This is useful in value-based reinforcement learning, where the magnitude of appropriate value approximations can change over time when we update the policy of behavior. Our main motivation is prior work on learning to play Atari games, where the rewards were all clipped to a predetermined range. This clipping facilitates learning across many different games with a single learning algorithm, but a clipped reward function can result in qualitatively different behavior. Using the adaptive normalization we can remove this domain-specific heuristic without diminishing overall performance.


Master Recruiter: What is God Doing in the World?
Scott AtteberyChurch
In my previous post, I suggested that church leaders need to clarify the idea of a "seeker." Then, I proposed three questions to help define the issue.
 - What is God doing in the world (i.e. the mission of God)?
 - What is the church's role in God's mission?
 - How should the church perform its role?
This post tackles the first question.
What is God Doing in the World?
Praise God, Romans 3:10-11 ('no one seeks for God') is not the end of the story. Scripture provides various accounts of people seeking God:
 - Zacchaeus: Why was the wee little man climbing a tree to see Jesus (Luke 19:1-10)?
 - Nicodemus: Why was this ruler of the Jews willing to risk his reputation to speak with Jesus (John 3:1-21)?
 - The Ethiopian eunuch. Why was he so interested in the Isaiah scroll if he couldn't understand it (Acts 8:26-40)?
If there is "no one [who] seeks for God," how do we explain Zacchaeus, Nicodemus, and the Ethiopian eunuch? Notice the common theme in each story:
An angel of the Lord directed Philip to the Eunuch (Acts 8:26). Jesus told Nicodemus that "The wind blows where it wishes, and you hear its sound, but you do not know where it comes from or where it goes. So it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit" (John 3:8). And after Zacchaeus was converted, Jesus explained, "The Son of Man came to seek and save the lost" (Luke 19:10).
In every episode, God was seeking the sinner before the sinner was seeking God. It is by the Holy Spirit that hearts are convicted of sin and drawn to Christ. That's why we pray for the lost!
The mission of God, therefore, is to seek and save those who are lost, multiplying disciples around the world for His own glory (Genesis 1:27-28, Matthew 28:18-20, Acts 1:8). Keeping with the previous post's analogy, God is the master recruiter.
If God is seeking sinners, what role does the church play in evangelism? That's the topic of my next post.
This series of posts attempts to clarify a biblical approach to "seekers." Click here to read the article in its entirety.
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text:
NucleoSpin RNA Virus is designed for the isolation of viral nucleic acids from serum, plasma, or any cell-free biological fluids. The kit features a special type of membrane which has a high binding capacity for viral RNA or viral DNA. The procedure is rapid and easy. The lysate is incubated for 5–10 min and applied to the NucleoSpin column. After two washing steps to remove contaminants, the viral RNA or viral DNA can be eluted with water or low-salt buffer. The kit contains all necessary buffers, spin columns, and detailed protocols.
Generally, NucleoSpin RNA Virus is suited for the simultaneous purification of viral RNA and DNA (support protocol). For example, isolation of HBV DNA is performed with an additional Proteinase K digest (enzyme not included in the kit). For isolation of viral DNA with the highest sensitivities, the NucleoSpin Blood kit is recommended.
NucleoSpin RNA Virus F is designed for the processing of larger volumes of starting material, avoiding successive loadings and decreasing the risk of cross-contamination. The funnel column of the kit allows handling of up to 1 ml serum or plasma with only one loading step. Due to the small diameter of the membrane, the elution volume is still between 50–100 µl, resulting in a highly concentrated sample directly suitable for any amplification process. The funnel column can be centrifuged in a 50 ml polyethylene tube (included in the kit) and can be closed separately. Elution tubes are fitted directly onto the funnel column. Cross contamination is eliminated because all steps are performed in a closed system. Eight or twelve samples (depending on the centrifuge rotor used) can be processed in 30 minutes.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Biography & Family History Add details
Thomas Batchelder was born into the Batchelder family. There are no known marriages or children on record for Thomas.
This genealogy of Thomas Batchelder's past was created by AncientFaces members Contribute facts about Thomas to connect to the people who knew him. Some common things we would like to know about Thomas's genealogy:
- Where and when was Thomas born?
- Where and when did Thomas die?
- Who was Thomass family?
- What did Thomas look like? Add some photos of their life.
Family Tree & Genealogy Add / Edit People
You can add or remove people from this genealogy by clicking here.
History of Thomas Batchelder Add details
- Given name
- Batchelder family history
Obituary Add details
There isn't any information about Thomas's obituary records. You can add obituary information about Thomas Batchelder by clicking "Add Details".
Share your memories below with the rest of Thomas's family. We'll notify anyone else who is searching for Thomas of your message.
- Philip Bachiler Batchelder
- Mark Batcheller Batchelder
- Rev. Stephen Batchelder Batchelder Bachiler
- Theodate Batchelder or Bachelor Bachiler
- John Batchelder, Jr
- Nathaniel Batchelder
- Mary Castor Carter Batchelder
- Nathaniel Batchelder, I
- Ann / Batchelder / Bachiler
- Stephen Batchelder
- Anna Batchelder
- Benjamin Batchelder
- John Batchelder, Sergeant
- David (Batchelder) Batchelder, _PHONE_
- Elizabeth C. Batchelder
- Lucinda "Speedy" Batchelder
- John Batchelder


text:
Soap Making Workshop: For many, soap is a part of daily personal hygiene. With plenty of options available in the market, we still face a hard time finding the chemical-free, cost-effective and preferred fragrance soap. To solve that problem, Rooftop curated a Soap Making Workshop and invited Rrucha Gadgil. Rrucha has her brand where she makes handmade organic personalised soaps, body wash, face wash, moisturiser and bath bombs.
The Soap Making Workshop Began
The workshop began with Rrucha explaining the basics of soap making. She explained the different kinds of bases available in the market as well as the selection of soap bases. She also explained the uses of essential and fragrance oil as well as proper storage of raw material. Gadgil started the process of soap making by melting the soap base in the microwave and suggested a double boiler as an alternate. She explained the consistency to all 21 participants and recommended adding preferred oils and colours to the boiled base before pouring into the mould. She set aside the mould to cool down and patiently answered all the queries of the participants in detail. The curious participants bombarded Rrucha with many questions including the ingredients used for dry skin, the shelf life of the homemade soap and many more.
Towards The End Of The Workshop
Rrucha made a bar of soap in the shape of a Cupcake and explained the creation of the base and the frosting. After the soap solidified, she showed the sticking of both the parts of soap together with rubbing alcohol. She also showed how to safely wrap it for gifting purposes. The circle members gained a lot of insights regarding soap making and found this experience highly knowledgeable.
The attendees were from different parts of the country and belonged to different age groups but their love for art brought them together on a single platform. Rooftop as always was successful in connecting artists and curating a magical and positive vibe together.
On that note, here's us signing off until next time!


double affirmative being a mocking negative.))
(Eventually learned about Git --no-ff, disabling "fast forwarding" on merges.)
[Contreras 2012] The fundamental difference between mercurial and git branches can be visualized in this example:
Merge example
GLEW COMMENT: Yes, this is a key difference.
We might talk about branches and sub-branches. 'Quick-fix' is a sub-branch of'master'.
There might be branches or paths that start off in the'master' branch, and end up in'some-other-branch'. Such a "crossing-branch" is not really a sub-branch at all.
In fact, a branch that is merged and then terminated is no longer a branch at all. At least, in trees, branches usually do not start off low down in the trunk, and then merge back into the trunk. Although this can be arranged by grafting. Hortitorture.
I would like to have better terms. "Streams" can diverge and recombine, but "streams" are too dynamic. "Paths" may be a better term, although paths can be bidirectional, and version control systems usually go forward in time. Paths can fork and merge. Paths may be created out of distinct stepping stone nodes.
(Hmm: railway "tracks" might be even better than paths. Similarly bidirectional. Tracks can fork and merge. Tracks can be shunts. Sidings. Tracks have railway ties => rather like nodes.)
(Or possibly roadways. Networks of one way streets. Side streets, dead ends, cul de sacs. Mutiple lanes, that may be divided - rather like the parallel streams we so often see. Service roads running beside major highways....)
(Later: perhaps "routes", as in rock-climbing? Rock-climbing routes are usually, mostly, one-way. Although I like downclimbing, most people rappel down; and down-climbing is different enough that down-climbing routes are frequently not the same as up-climbing routes.)
(Or, how about ski-trails? Again, mostly one-way, downhill in this case.)
But "branches" are the term most people use. Even though many people have different ideas about what a branch means.
So back to talking about branches and sub-branches. 'Quick-fix' is a sub-branch of'master'. 'Quick-fix' is one of the two paths that lead from the initial commit to the head of the master path above. The checkin "Quick fix" is on the branch(path) "quick-fix", and leads to the node "Merge branch quick-fix" on branch "master".
AFAICT git has no concept of a branch, a path, a contiguous directed linear subset of nodes, versus te set of all nodews/paths leading to a node.
Much of [Contreras 2012] amounts to confusion about these concepts.
And then piling on immutability, Mercurial's recording branch in the commit metadata.
Merge example
GLEW COMMENT: the way this graph is drawn is biased towards git's model, where the branch is designated by its youngest node. TBD: draw with 2 or more nodes on each path. Color the sets of nodes on each path as the branch.
One of GLEW'S OBSERVATIONS: the most important thing is to be able to give something a name. The next most important thing is to not be required to give it a name.
Mercurial's anonymous heads can be a pain. Just like arithmetic zero.
[Contreras 2012] Git forces you to either merge, or rebase before you push, this ensures that nobody else would need to do that
[Contreras 2012]
Pissant arrogance, lack of of imagination. Here's an example of why you might want the branch name: some workflows put a BugFix#, Issue#, or ECO#, in the branch name.
Sure, there are other ways to do that, both in git and other VCSes.
But: it's a convention, as are, usually, those other ways.
Here's another way of thinking about compatibility between VCSes: it would be nice if procedures and concepts ported. It would be nice if you could import from, say, Mercurial to git, and then export back to Mercurial, and get (almost) exactly the same repo.
Some articles and references
[StackOverflow 2009] := StackOverflow: Pros and Cons of Different Branching Models in DVCS
[Brad 1998] := Streamed Lines: Branching Patterns for Parallel Software Development TBD notes
[Contreras 2011] := Mercurial vs Git - It's All in the Branches. Nice overview, although Git biased.
[Contreras 2012] := No, mercurial branches are still not better than git ones; response to jhw's More On Mercurial vs. Git (with Graphs!)
[StackOverflow 2015 - add Git branch name to commit message]
 [Stackoverflow 2009 Jakub] := Git and Mercurial – Compare and Contrast - much liked by [Contreras 2011] TBD - notes
TBD: J. H. Woodyatt's blog post
[StackOverflow 2010 - Branch descriptions in git] - especially interesting to me because, along with mention of the then new branch description feature, VonC discusses shortcomings of that feature, and use of text files as a not-really-satisfactory but possibly better alternative.
Thursday, June 01, 2017
Minimize AHK GUI window to taskbar (not desktop, not tray)
Took me a long time to find this, so posting for the benefit of future-forgetful-me, and possibly others. (But not motivated enough to post to AHK fora or Stackexchange.)
I have an AutoHotKey script that creates several, possibly many, AHK gui windows. Number not known in advance. Dynamically. When user asks.
PROBLEM: when script first started running, minimizing these GUI windows minimized to the desktop. In a manner familiar to old X Windows users, from the days predating taskbars and docks, etc.
It did NOT minimize to the taskbar.
Nor did they minimize to the tray.
They minimized to the desktop.
Screen clipping:
You can see the generic AHK taskbar button and the icon for my guix-sebp.ahk script , which I manually pinned to the taskbar.
But you also see the littl;e non-taskbar minimized windows. Here it happens to be above the taskbar - in actuality, they might appear randomly, in the midle of a different display. Augh!!!
Many web.questions asking how to minimize to tray, I did not find anyone talking about minimizing to taskbar.
Much posting about hooking the XXGuiSize() function called when the AHK GUI windows are resized, maximized, or minimized. But XX here is the GUI window name. Since I don't know in advance how many such windows an instance will have, nor their names, I would have to generate such functions on the fly.
There does not appear to be a way to have all GUI windows share a single GuiClose() hook.
The way to minimize to taskbar:
GUI: "+E0x40000 would add the WS_EX_APPWINDOW style, which provides a taskbar button for a window that would otherwise lack one. " 'via Blog this'


text:
1. What does rate enhancement means?
2. Describe the energetic of catalysis in simplest terms?
3. How do enzymes affect forward and reverse reaction rate & what does this means?
1. What does rate enhancement means? (in simplest term and in detail please )
Rate enhancement refers to increasing rate of given reaction by some means like changing physical conditions(temperature, pressure, concentration etc) or by adding...
The solution defines and explains rate enhancement, energetic of catalysis, and forward and reverse reactions in the context of enzymes.


's PGID is set using the SYS_SETPGID syscall. The syscall takes the desired PGID as an argument. If sys.Pgid is zero, the child's PID is used as the PGID, creating a new process group. If sys.Pgid is non-zero, the child is added to an existing process group with that PGID.
Sending Signals to Multiple Process Groups
In a complex application, a process group's child processes might create their own process groups. To ensure a clean shutdown, we need to find all unique process groups and send a signal to each of them.
The following function, interruptProcessTree, achieves this by interrupting an entire process tree using a given signal:
func interruptProcessTree(logger *zap.Logger, ppid int, sig syscall.Signal) error {
 // Find all descendant PIDs of the given PID and then signal them.
 // Any shell doesn't signal its children when it receives a signal.
 // Children may have their own process groups, so we need to signal them separately.
 children, err := findChildPIDs(ppid)
 if err != nil {
 return err
 }
 children = append(children, ppid)
 uniqueProcess, err := uniqueProcessGroups(children)
 if err != nil {
 logger.Error("failed to find unique process groups", zap.Int("pid", ppid), zap.Error(err))
 uniqueProcess = children
 }
 for _, pid := range uniqueProcess {
 err := syscall.Kill(-pid, sig)
 // ignore the ESRCH error as it means the process is already dead
 if errno, ok := err.(syscall.Errno); ok && err != nil && errno != syscall.ESRCH {
 logger.Error("failed to send signal to process", zap.Int("pid", pid), zap.Error(err))
 }
 }
 return nil
}
This function first finds all child PIDs of the given parent PID recursively present at that moment, and then determines the unique process groups among them. It sends the specified signal to each unique process group, ensuring that all processes in the tree are interrupted. This approach is crucial for managing complex process hierarchies and ensuring a consistent state during shutdown. You can replace syscall.Kill(-cmd.Process.Pid, syscall.SIGKILL) with this interruptProcessTree(logger, cmd.Process.Pid, syscall.SIGKILL) error function.
Note: SIGKILLcan't be captured, so you may want to sendSIGINTorSIGTERMfor a graceful shutdown of your application.
Platform-Specific Considerations: The Proc File System
In the implementation of the interruptProcessTree function, we collect unique process group IDs by reading the proc file system. The proc file system is a special filesystem in Unix-based operating systems like Linux, that provides a mechanism for the kernel to provide information about processes to userspace. It is typically mounted at /proc and contains various files and directories that represent the state of running processes.
Since the proc file system is specific to Unix-based systems, the current implementation of the process group interruption is limited to Linux. If you need to support other operating systems, you would need to write your own custom interrupter that can handle the signaling to all the child processes.
Utilizing Context Cancellation for Process Control in Go withexec.CommandContext
Context cancellation is a mechanism in Go for signaling a process to stop. It's useful for managing long-running processes or ensuring clean resource cleanup.
When working with long-running processes in Go, it's common to use context.Context to manage their lifecycle. The exec.CommandContext function provides a convenient way to run a command with a context, allowing you to cancel the process based on the context's cancellation.
Here's an example of how you might use it:
func run(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, userCmd string) error {

 cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "sh", "-c", userCmd)
 cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{
 Setpgid: true,
 }
 // Set the output of the command
 cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
 cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
 logger.Debug("", zap.Any("executing cli", cmd.String()))
 err := cmd.Start()
 if err != nil {
 return fmt.Errorf("failed to start the app: %w", err)
 }
 err = cmd.Wait()
 select {
 case <-ctx.Done():
 logger.Debug("context cancelled, error while waiting for the app to exit", zap.Error(ctx.Err()))
 return ctx.Err()
 default:
 if err != nil {
 return fmt.Errorf("unexpected error while waiting for the app to exit: %w", err)
 }
 logger.Debug("app exited successfully")
 return nil
 }
}
In this implementation, exec.CommandContext create a command that is aware of the provided context. If the context is cancelled, the default behavior of CommandContext is to send a kill signal to the process. Since the kill signal can't be captured, the application will not exit gracefully.
This is evident from the CommandContext function's implementation, where the Cancel function is set to call cmd.Process.Kill():
func CommandContext(ctx context.Context, name string, arg ...string) *Cmd {
 if ctx == nil {
 panic("nil Context")
 }
 cmd := Command(name, arg...)
 cmd.ctx = ctx
 cmd.Cancel = func() error {
 return cmd.Process.Kill()
 }
 return cmd
}
Evolution of Cancellation Mechanism in Go
Before Go 1.20, the CommandContext function did not provide a built-in cancellation mechanism for the running process. Developers had to implement custom methods to handle graceful termination of the process. For example, the skaffold project used CommandContext and created a custom method to send interrupt or terminate signals for graceful termination (source, graceful termination).
However, the situation improved with the resolution of issue #50436 in Go 1.20, which added support for a proper cancellation function in CommandContext. While the default behavior of this cancellation function is to kill the process, it is now possible to override this function to achieve more graceful termination.
Enhanced Cancellation with Wait Delay and Cancel
To improve the cancellation mechanism, we can modify the cmd.Cancel function to send a SIGINT signal instead of killing the process immediately. Additionally, we can introduce a cmd.WaitDelay to wait for a specified duration after sending the interrupt signal before sending the kill signal:
func run(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, userCmd string) error {
 cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "sh", "-c", userCmd)
 // to run child process in a new process group
 cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{
 Setpgid: true,
 }
 // Set the cancel function for the command
 cmd.Cancel = func() error {
 return interruptProcessTree(logger, cmd.Process.Pid, syscall.SIGINT)
 }
 // wait after sending the interrupt signal, before sending the kill signal
 cmd.WaitDelay = 10 * time.Second
 // Set the output of the command
 cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
 cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
 logger.Debug("Executing command", zap.String("command", cmd.String()))
 err := cmd.Start()
 if err != nil {
 return fmt.Errorf("failed to start the app: %w", err)
 }
 err = cmd.Wait()
 select {
 case <-ctx.Done():
 logger.Debug("Context cancelled", zap.Error(ctx.Err()))
 return ctx.Err()
 default:
 if err != nil {
 return fmt.Errorf("unexpected error while waiting for the app to exit: %w", err)
 }
 logger.Debug("App exited successfully")
 return nil
 }
}
Conclusion
This blog post has explored various techniques for managing long-running processes in Go, including the use of context.Context for cancellation, handling process groups for independent signaling, and addressing


name of tin ore
name of tin ore
Home/name of tin ore
name of tin ore
Tin - Element information, properties and uses | Periodic ...
The molten iron from the bottom of the furnace can be used as cast iron. Cast iron is very runny when it is molten and doesn't shrink much when it solidifies. It is therefore ideal for making castings - hence its name. However, it is very impure, containing about 4% of carbon. This carbon makes it …
Tin | Encyclopedia
Tin(IV) oxide, also known as stannic oxide, is the inorganic compound with the formula SnO 2.The mineral form of SnO 2 is called cassiterite, and this is the main ore of tin. With many other names, this oxide of tin is an important material in tin chemistry. It is a colourless, diamagnetic, amphoteric solid.
Tin - Wikipedia
Where did tin get its name? Tin gets its name from the Anglo-Saxon language. The symbol "Sn" comes from the Latin word for tin, "stannum." Isotopes Tin has ten stable isotopes. This is the most stable isotopes of all the elements. The most abundant isotope is tin-120. Interesting Facts about Tin. When a bar of tin is bent, it will make a ...
Chemistry for Kids: Elements - Tin
To address the question of the source of the tin found at numerous sites scattered across southern Africa from Bosutswe to Great Zimbabwe, Grant (1999) studied the trace elements from a number of tin ingots, tin ores, and tin from the region using NAA. The trace element signatures from ore, slag, and ingots showed the presence of arsenic and ...
Tin Ore | Ores of Minecraft Wiki | Fandom
Metal and element name generator . This name generator will generate 10 random names for metals and elements. Metals and elements come in all sorts of forms, and their names too can range greatly. I tried to cover the majority of them within this generator, and many do follow the perhaps somewhat complex system of long names.
Tungsten: The mineralogy of Tungsten
tin. In tin processing: Ores. The principal tin mineral is cassiterite, or tinstone (SnO 2), a naturally occurring oxide of tin containing about 78.8 percent tin. Of less importance are two complex sulfide minerals, stannite (Cu 2 FeSnS 4), a copper-iron-tin sulfide, and cylindrite (PbSn 4 FeSb 2 S 14), a lead-tin-iron-antimony sulfide. These two
Metal and element name generator
Translations of the phrase TIN ORE from english to italian and examples of the use of "TIN ORE" in a sentence with their translations: So they're paying with tin ore ? Italian Danish German Latin Spanish French Finnish Swedish Norwegian Russian Czech Indonesian Croatian
Tin Mining and Processing: Everything you Need to Know
Tin is often combined with copper to form an alloy, a hybrid metal created by combining two or more metals. It can be obtained by removing oxygen in cassiterite (SnO2) using a smelting furnace.
Cassiterite - Wikipedia
The name for tin ore is "Tin Ore." There is no other name for tin ore..... Also, you can combine a tin ore to a copper ore to make a bronze bar. :)
What is another word for tin? | Tin Synonyms - WordHippo ...
Synonyms for tin include drum, container, canister, cannister, can, barrel, cylinder, tin can, receptacle and vessel. Find more similar words at wordhippo!
Tin(IV) oxide - Wikipedia
The name for tin ore is "Tin Ore." There is no other name for tin ore..... Also, you can combine a tin ore to a copper ore to make a bronze bar.
Cassiterite - Wikipedia
Tin is one of the earliest metals known and used. Because of its hardening effect on copper, tin was used in bronze implements as early as 3,500 B.C., although the pure metal was not used until about 600 B.C.. Most tin is used as a protective coating or as an alloy with other metals such as lead or zinc.
Tin Ore - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Tin is an element so technically the scientific name for tin is tin. Answer The Latin name for tin is stannum, from which words such as stannous, for salts of tin, is derived, as is the scientific ...
What is the scientific name for TIN - Answers
Aug 01, 2017· Vietnam comes in as the fifth biggest market for tin ore. The tiny island nation's annual imports of tin ore are valued at $13.7 million or 1.8% of the global imports of tin ore. Future Of Tin Ore Production. Mines, where tin ore is produced, are becoming deeper, …
name for tin ore - glasinloodentiffany.nl
Tin processing, preparation of the ore for use in various products. Tin (Sn) is a relatively soft and ductile metal with a silvery white colour. It has a density of 7.29 grams per cubic centimetre, a low melting point of 231.88 °C (449.38 °F), and a high boiling point of 2,625 °C (4,757 °F). Tin is
What is the name of the ore containing tin - Answers
Tin(IV) oxide, also known as stannic oxide, is the inorganic compound with the formula SnO 2.The mineral form of SnO 2 is called cassiterite, and this is the main ore of tin. With many other names, this oxide of tin is an important material in tin chemistry. It is a colourless, diamagnetic, amphoteric solid.
Tin PRICE Today | Tin Spot Price Chart | Live Price of Tin ...
Tin processing, preparation of the ore for use in various products. Tin (Sn) is a relatively soft and ductile metal with a silvery white colour. It has a density of 7.29 grams per cubic centimetre, a low melting point of 231.88 °C (449.38 °F), and a high boiling point of 2,625 °C (4,757 °F). Tin is
Chemistry for Kids: Elements - Tin
The process of extracting tin from tin ore varies according to the source of the ore deposit and the amount of impurities found in the ore. The tin deposits in Bolivia and England are located deep underground and require the use of tunnels to reach the ore. The ore in these deposits may contain about 0.8-1.0% tin by weight.
The World's Leading Exporters And Importers Of Tin Ore ...
Jul 28, 2015· The metal is produced from reducing the oxide ore with coal in a furnace. Very little tin has been found in the United States, much of it in Alaska and California. According to Los Alamos National ...
How did tin get its name - Answers
Although the aforementioned tin mining sources are also major producers in the tin industry, other countries produce on a smaller scale from deposits found in Australia, Canada, England, Spain and Japan. Tin Mining Process . Tin is extracted by roasting the mineral casseterite with carbon in a furnace to approximately 2500 degrees Fahrenheit.
Tin processing | Britannica
Cassiterite is a tin oxide mineral, SnO 2.It is generally opaque, but it is translucent in thin crystals.Its luster and multiple crystal faces produce a desirable gem. Cassiterite has been the chief tin ore throughout ancient history and remains the most important source of tin today.
Facts About Tin | Live Science
Tin dioxide (stannic oxide) is the inorganic compound with the formula SnO2. The mineral form of SnO2 is called cassiterite, and this is the main ore of tin. With many other names (see infobox), this oxide of tin is the most important raw material in tin chemistry. This colourless, diamagnetic solid is amphoteric. Tin(II) oxide / Stannous oxide ...
Ore deposit | geology | Britannica
The name for tin ore is Tin Ore There is no other name for tin ore,Also, you can combine a tin ore to a copper ore to make a bronze bar.. Know More. Metal & Stone. A complete searchable and filterable list of Metal & Stone in World of Warcraft: Legion Always up to date with the latest patch (735)..
Tin Ore - USGS
Where did tin get its name? Tin gets its name from the Anglo-Saxon language. The symbol "Sn" comes from the Latin word for tin, "stannum." Isotopes Tin has ten stable isotopes. This is the most stable isotopes of all the elements. The most abundant isotope is tin-120. Interesting Facts about Tin. When a bar of tin is bent, it will make a ...
The Extraction of Iron - Chemistry LibreTexts
Tin is found principally in the ore cassiterite (tin(IV) oxide). It is mainly found in the 'tin belt' stretching through China, Thailand and Indonesia. It is also mined in Peru, Bolivia and Brazil. It is obtained commercially by reducing the ore with coal in a furnace.


text:
Researchers at Oregon State University have invented a new technology that can increase the bandwidth of WiFi systems by 10 times, using LED lights to transmit information.
The technology could be integrated with existing WiFi systems to reduce bandwidth problems in crowded locations, such as airport terminals or coffee shops, and in homes where several people have multiple WiFi devices.
Experts say that recent advances in LED technology have made it possible to modulate the LED light more rapidly, opening the possibility of using light for wireless transmission in a "free space" optical communication system.
"In addition to improving the experience for users, the two big advantages of this system are that it uses inexpensive components, and it integrates with existing WiFi systems," said Thinh Nguyen, an OSU associate professor of electrical and computer engineering. Nguyen worked with Alan Wang, an assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering, to build the first prototype.
The prototype, called WiFO, uses LEDs that are beyond the visual spectrum for humans and creates an invisible cone of light about one meter square in which the data can be received. To address the issue of a small area of usability, the researchers created a hybrid system that can switch between several LED transmitters installed on a ceiling, and the existing WiFi system.
"I believe the WiFO system could be easily transformed into a marketable product, and we are currently looking for a company that is interested in further developing and licensing the technology," Nguyen said.
The system can potentially send data at up to 100 megabits per second. Although some current WiFi systems have similar bandwidth, it has to be divided by the number of devices, so each user might be receiving just 5 to 10 megabits per second, whereas the hybrid system could deliver 50-100 megabits to each user.
In a home where telephones, tablets, computers, gaming systems, and televisions may all be connected to the internet, increased bandwidth would eliminate problems like video streaming that stalls and buffers.
The receivers are small photodiodes that cost less than a dollar each and could be connected through a USB port for current systems, or incorporated into the next generation of laptops, tablets, and smartphones.
A provisional patent has been secured on the technology, and a paper was published in the 17th ACM International Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems. The research has been supported by the National Science Foundation.
Thinh Nguyen | EurekAlert!
Green Light for Galaxy Europe
15.03.2018 | Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau
Tokyo Tech's six-legged robots get closer to nature
12.03.2018 | Tokyo Institute of Technology
Animal photoreceptors capture light with photopigments. Researchers from the University of Göttingen have now discovered that these photopigments fulfill an...
On 15 March, the AWI research aeroplane Polar 5 will depart for Greenland. Concentrating on the furthest northeast region of the island, an international team...
The world's second-largest ice shelf was the destination for a Polarstern expedition that ended in Punta Arenas, Chile on 14th March 2018. Oceanographers from...
At the 2018 ILA Berlin Air Show from April 25–29, the Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology ILT is showcasing extreme high-speed Laser Material Deposition (EHLA): A video documents how for metal components that are highly loaded, EHLA has already proved itself as an alternative to hard chrome plating, which is now allowed only under special conditions.
When the EU restricted the use of hexavalent chromium compounds to special applications requiring authorization, the move prompted a rethink in the surface...
At the ILA Berlin, hall 4, booth 202, Fraunhofer FHR will present two radar sensors for navigation support of drones. The sensors are valuable components in the implementation of autonomous flying drones: they function as obstacle detectors to prevent collisions. Radar sensors also operate reliably in restricted visibility, e.g. in foggy or dusty conditions. Due to their ability to measure distances with high precision, the radar sensors can also be used as altimeters when other sources of information such as barometers or GPS are not available or cannot operate optimally.
Drones play an increasingly important role in the area of logistics and services. Well-known logistic companies place great hope in these compact, aerial...
16.03.2018 | Event News
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Turnips and red kidney beans
Terrific Turnip Recipe
Turnips can be eaten raw, boiled, fried or cooked with other vegetables. Here is a terrific recipe for turnips and kidney beans, which makes a delicious, unique side dish.
History of turnips
The turnip originated in Hellenistic and Roman times, becoming a well-established crop during this period in history. Wild forms of turnips can be found throughout Asia and Europe. Turnips are root vegetables, like carrots, and they grow most easily in temperate climates. Because of the ease in growing turnips, they are popular throughout the world and are prepared in a great variety of ways.
They are a good crop to grow because of the many nutrients that they contain for the soil. As a staple food, they grow in great abundance and can be used to feed both humans and livestock, increasing their versatility.
Turnips nutrition
Turnips are only high in Vitamin C but turnip greens are a good source of vitamin A, vitamin K, folate and calcium. The greens are also high in lutein. Turnips are edible cooked or uncooked and they are often found in salads. In order to eat turnips, you must first trim off any hairy roots and then peel them. Then, you can chop them or slice them depending on what you plan to do with them.
Turnips preparation
Younger turnips can be sliced and eaten raw, for example in a salad or as a dipping vegetable. You can also shred them as part of coleslaw, and they make great parts of vegetable medleys. Older turnips often have a milder flavor, and if you overcook turnips, they lose their flavor and become unpleasant. If you plan to boil your turnips, only cook them until they become tender, which takes about 20 to 30 minutes. You can also microwave, steam and roast your turnips, using your imagination to give character to this versatile, tasty plant. Here is a recipe for kidney beans and turnips that makes a delicious side dish.
Turnips and red kidney beans
 - 1 1/2 cups red kidney beans (soaked)
 - 4 large turnips
 - 1 large onion
 - 1/4 tsp ground ginger
 - 1 tsp salt
 - 1/2 tsp cayenne pepper
 - 4 Tbsp vegetable oil
 - 3 garlic cloves (chopped)
1. Place kidney beans in a large pot of water and bring to a boil. Boil vigorously for 15 minutes. Reduce heat and simmer, partial covered for 90 minutes.
2. Peel turnips and slice into wedges. Chop onion in half and then slice. Combine spices with 1 tablespoon of water in a small bowl.
3. Heat vegetable oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Cook the turnip wedges in the oil until golden brown, then remove. Fry the onions for 2-3 minutes, reduce heat and add garlic and spice paste. Stir for a few seconds and then turn off heat.
4. After the beans have cooked halfway through (45 minutes), add turnip and onion mixture to the pot and stir. Allow beans to finish cooking.
5. Serve hot with rice.
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@misc{Przesławski_Tomasz_Magnetic_2005, author={Przesławski, Tomasz and Wolkenberg, Andrzej and Kaniewski, Janusz and Regiński, Kazimierz and Jasik, Agata}, address={Wrocław}, access={Dla wszystkich w zakresie dozwolonego użytku}, year={2005}, description={Optica Applicata, Vol. 35, 2005, nr 3, s. 627-634}, language={eng}, abstract={In this paper we, describe the design and fabrication process of Hall and magnetoresistor cross-shaped sensors using In0.53Ga0.47As/InP layer structures as active media. The influence of geometric correction factor GH on sensitivity parameters of these devices has been investigated. The results have been used in order to optimize the structure design behavior at temperatures ranging from 3 to 300 K. The large changes of the galvanomagnetic parameters vs. magnetic field and temperature allow these devices to be used as signal and measurement magnetic field sensors.}, title={Magnetic field sensors based on undoped In0.53Ga0.47As/InP heterostructures fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy and metalorganic chemical vapor deposition}, type={artykuł}, contributor={Gaj, Miron. Redakcja}, contributor={Wilk, Ireneusz. Redakcja}, rights={Wszystkie prawa zastrzeżone (Copyright)}, publisher={Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej}, keywords={optyka, Hall sensors, magnetoresistors, InGaAs/InP heterostructures, electronic transport, geometric correction factor, molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD)}, }


text:
Birds Australia's (BirdLife Partner) Threatened Bird Network has announced that it's time once again to start looking for one of Australia's most rare and cryptic wetland species; the Endangered Australian Painted Snipe Rostratula australis.
After the spring/summer months of 2009/2010 yielded sightings of only 11 individuals, signs are good for the upcoming season with five birds already recorded at two sites in Queensland!
The onset of heavy winter rains throughout the Murray Darling Basin, the Channel Country and into the interior this winter could prove to produce a bumper breeding season for the Australian Painted Snipe, as it has already been for other opportunistic waders such as Banded and Black-winged Stilts. The rain events of this winter will however, allow the birds to remain dispersed, resulting in potentially lower detectability to Australian Painted Snipe surveyors. For this reason the Australian Painted Snipe Recovery project encourages wetland birders from across the nation (especially in the under-represented north) to be ever vigilant as APS have been found in all types of habitat from vast lagoons to storm water drains.
Australia wide simultaneous surveying for Australian Painted Snipe will occur on the weekends of October 16 and January 15 in an attempt to improve estimates on the population, now thought to stand at less then 1,500 individuals. Incidental surveys outside these dates (including those where no Australian Painted Snipe are seen) are also much appreciated in an attempt to unravel the many ecological questions still surrounding this enigmatic bird.
For more information on the Australian Painted Snipe and tips on how and where to survey for them, please click here.


text:
TR121 Nursery visits for Fiji kava farmers
Three farmer groups in Fiji were selected for study tours of established nurseries around Viti Levu. This report highlights the observations of and lessons learned by the groups that received training and advice on the basics of establishing and managing a nursery, soil sterilisation and grafting. The report also includes accounts of the progress made by the groups in establishing nurseries in their villages.
The idea behind the establishment of the nurseries was that farmers should not only focus on kava as a source of income but that they should also include fruit trees and vegetables that can be included in the family diets and also supplement family income. This report concludes that the concept of establishing and managing nurseries should be expanded to the other 11 provinces in Fiji to create a green revolution in agriculture.


text:
2002-2003 Governance Implementation Task Force
2002-2003 Annual Report
Summary: The Governance Implementation Task Force reviewed progress made in the development and delivery of chapter benefits, a proposed schedule and process for the deployment of a chapter network, a proposed chapter agreement, and refinements to the criteria for chapter status. The task force also reviewed proposed changes to the ACHE Bylaws for 2003.
The Governance Implementation Task Force was established to oversee the activities of ACHE staff in implementing the recommendations of the 2000-2001 Governance Task Force and to consider further efforts needed to implement the direction of that report. The task force met August 29, 2002. A summary of the task force's activities follows:
PROPOSED GOVERNANCE AND CHAPTER DEPLOYMENT SCHEDULE
The task force reviewed and approved a proposed schedule of activities needed from September 2002 through November 2003 to provide the policies and infrastructure to support the formation of ACHE chapters.
REFINEMENTS TO THE CRITERIA FOR CHAPTER STATUS
The task force reviewed and approved proposed adjustments to the previously approved criteria for chapter status. The changes were made to clarify the criteria and add new criteria felt to be needed in order to insure a positive working relationship between ACHE and prospective chapters. The changes also adjusted the window of time by which the chapter must comply with several of the criteria. The revised criteria were placed on the fall district meeting agenda for discussion by Regents and demonstration group liaisons.
PROPOSED CHAPTER AGREEEMENT
The task force members carefully reviewed the contract language proposed by ACHE legal counsel for the contract between ACHE and the prospective chapter. They made a number of detailed suggestions which substantially changed the content and form of the contract. The task force asked ACHE staff to revise the contract with the assistance of legal counsel and distribute it to the demonstration groups for review and comment.
CHAPTER FORMATION PROCESS
The task force considered the issue of how to go about the formation of chapters. They endorsed using a market planning approach to identify geographic service territories for all prospective chapters in each district. They concluded that this process holds the best probability of resulting in the orderly allocation of viable member markets among existing affiliated groups and would aid in identifying those parts of the country where new organizations are needed. The task force recommended that the approach be reviewed at fall district meetings with Regents and demonstration group liaisons.
The task force reviewed changes to the American College of Healthcare Executives Bylaws that will be considered at the 2003 Council of Regents Meeting. Those changes address the following issues:
- Provide for ACHE Chapters
- Make the Board of Governors the primary legislative body representing the affiliates; the Council of Regents will then serve as an advisory council
Powers that must be transferred from the Council of Regents to the Board of Governor to effect this change are the powers to:
- Make all policy decisions
- Approve all proposals pertaining to dues and assessments
- Approve all changes to the Regulations Governing Admission, Advancement, and Recertification
- Approve all changes to the Bylaws and Articles of Incorporation
- Approve all changes to the Code of Ethics
- Designate Districts
A marked up copy of the American College of Healthcare Executives Bylaws reflecting these changes can be found in the 2002-2003 Bylaws Committee Report.


text:
What does GS mean in Miscellaneous?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand GS in the field in general and in the Miscellaneous terminology in particular.
Find a translation for GS in other languages:
Select another language:
What does GS mean?
- General Schedule (referring to the Civil Service job classification system).


How to Deal with an Employee who is Always Late for Work
How to Deal with Someone who is Chronically Late,Excuses for Being Late to Work
You might be asking why my employee is always late? Well, it is because the consequences are not significant enough for the employee to stop the habit. If your employee not once or twice, but is frequently late for work, that is a problem you cannot ignore. As a boss, it falls to you first and foremost to deal with an employee who is always late for work before it becomes a big issue.
Be aware that most employees who are habitually late for work know that what they are doing is wrong. They also understand that eventually the boss is going to have a word with them but they simply don't care.
People who are chronically late don't have basic respect for their colleagues. Not only that, but it also frustrates other employees who already at work, particularly when parts of their job depend on the person who comes in late.
They might have to change their workflow and multitask or take on extra work while they wait for their colleague to arrive. If perpetual late employees really care about the job, they should adhere to its normal working hours.
How to Deal with an Employee Who is Always Late for Work?
Set Clear Expectations
You are the boss, so it falls to you first and foremost to set expectations and ensure that they are clearly communicated across all employees. Every person should understand what the consequences will be if they don't meet your expectations.
If there is an issue that prevents an employee to turn up for work on time, evaluate it, and make a fair decision. Your company should have an enforceable employee conduct policy that deals with issues such as lateness.
Evaluate each issue even when an employee gives what seems like a good excuse for being late for work.
Stop Putting Faith in a Chronically Late Employee
Don't keep giving an employee who is chronically late the benefit of the doubt. No matter how you regard someone and how long the person has been with the company, you still have to deal with them when they start coming in late every day for work.
You can have faith in someone without allowing the person to overstep the boundaries. The benefit of the doubt you keep affording an employee who is habitually late is undeserved.
So, start telling your employees what must happen, what is expected, what the consequences will be when they fail and enforce them going forward.
Have a Tough Conversation with the Employee
Sit the employee down and say you continue coming to work late and failing to live up to expectations, so you are documenting the issues.
Sometimes that will fix the issue, but with the documentation, you now are building a case for disciplining the person or even getting rid of them.
When you start having formal conversations with the employee and document all issues about their lateness, they will take you seriously.
Don't Allow Exceptions
Don't take a middle line by allowing exceptions for some employees and then dealing with others when they arrive late. Yes, some jobs don't have flexibility, therefore the time an employee turns up matters for valid work-related reasons.
Related: How to Deal with Employees Who Don't Follow Instructions
However, when an employee accepts a position, they are committing themselves to the job requirements — including the normal working hours a manager and the employee agreed upon. If the person cannot meet the obligation, they should not take the job.
So, it doesn't matter whether the job has flexibility, the employee still turns up when they feel like rather than when co-workers expect them. It can be equally annoying and demotivating for employees who always turn up for work on time.
Break the Pattern
Treating everyone as equal at work is not always fair, because some people do different things or contribute more than the others.
Someone who completes assignments and meets deadlines when they are at work is not always a burden to the team when they occasionally come in a few minutes late.
But once you see a pattern and don't respond to it, the employee will feel they have the upper hand to come in anytime. If you don't disrupt the pattern, other employees will also start arriving late.
Don't Be Diplomatic
It is important that you approach the issue of perpetual lateness from a place of concern for a better outcome. There is no point in trying to be diplomatic because you don't want to upset your employee.
Upsetting a member of your staff is nothing compared to the ill-feeling their bad behaviors can cause within the team.
While there is nothing wrong with being nice to your employees, it can sometimes stop you from solving issues that affect the team. You don't have to cajole them when they are wrong — even when it means annoying one of your best employees, but keeps the rest of your team happy.
In other words, you should not waste be worrying about what the person will think because the team is more important than the feelings of one employee.
In conclusion, dealing with an employee who is always late for work can be frustrating for most managers. The situation may be further complicated if the person is a higher performer who consistently meets all the demands of their job.
However, it is an issue that must be sorted out quickly, particularly if it is causing morale issues or challenges with the overall workflow.
Failing to deal with the situation, you will be sending the rest of your employees the message that anyone can arrive late to work. Even worse, you could be accused of favoritism or preferential treatment.
How do you deal with someone who is chronically late? Please leave your thoughts in the comment box below
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Tinkerlab Art Starts - Rachelle Doorley
Tinkerlab Art Starts - Rachelle Doorley
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Get inspired with hands-on creative prompts for elementary-aged children featuring simple materials you can find at home from an experienced art teacher.
Open-ended art prompts that give children opportunities to think creatively rather than follow directions are essential to raising learners who are comfortable with the unknown and eager to tackle it with problem solving skills, self-efficacy, and critical thinking.
From drawing, painting, and paper cutting to making three-dimensional art with clay and recycled materials, these 52 fun and engaging ideas for creative art play use everyday household materials to get kids engaged in their own explorations. These activities are led primarily by the environment. The set up itself is the teacher and will encourage children to think of creative ways to use the provided materials. With foundational information at the start of the book, parents will understand the power of art prompts to foster children's creativity and will be given a variety of ideas for creating a makering space and encouraging self-directed play.


Myth: Deadly Throwing Knives
The hero is cornered by the bad guys! Thinking quickly, she pulls out a brace of throwing knives. She flips the knives at two of her attackers. They go down, one clutching the knife embedded in his chest, the other lying still with a knife in his eye.
Stop doing this. Writers, moviemakers, everyone — just stop. Unless your hero is also wielding a magical get-out-of-physics free card, thrown knives don't work that way.
One of the most important aspects of a weapon is its stopping power. That is, its ability to stop your attacker in his tracks and render him incapable of hurting you any more. Some weapons, such as pepper spray, do this by inflicting severe pain and blindness. Others, like a sword, inflict enough physical damage to make further attacks impossible. Thrown knives are usually shown to be the latter sort of weapon. In reality, thrown knives have negligible stopping power because they lack three crucial elements: Mass, velocity, and accuracy.
It takes quite a lot of force to push a knife through skin and muscle and bone. The force with which a weapon hits its target is determined by its mass and its velocity. Knives are relatively light — an alleged throwing knife that I borrowed from a friend weighs only 50 grams (~1.8 oz). The heaviest knife in my collection still only weighs 310 grams (~11 oz). Throwing spears are far heavier. This modern example weighs in at 1134 grams (2 lbs 8 oz). A person who uses a knife in hand-to-hand combat benefits from the ability to put their body weight behind each thrust. A thrown knife, on the other hand, has only its own weight to work with. When you see a thrown knife in a movie that has buried itself up to its hilt in the bad guy's chest, what you are seeing a cliché with no basis in reality.
Light projectiles, such as bullets, have to rely on the other side of the equation: Velocity. The muzzle velocity of the popular 9 mm cartridge is usually around 400 m/s* (and this round is still not considered powerful enough for self-defense by many experts**). Compare this to a fastball, which travels at around 40 m/s — a speed that is still far above what can be achieved with a thrown knife. In fact, the fastest speed I could find for a thrown knife was only 16 m/s! The essential difference between the thrown knife and other ranged weapons is its lack of mechanical advantage. Bows use the energy stored in the curve of the limbs. Guns use chemical energy stored in gunpowder. Atlatls and slings are essentially big levers, multiplying the reach of the thrower's arm and thus the speed with which the dart or stone is thrown. A throwing knife, in contrast, relies solely on the velocity that a human arm can give it.
Finally, there's the question of accuracy. Even a light, slow projectile can be deadly if it hits its target in just the right way. Pointy projectiles — bullets, arrows, darts, and spears — travel pointy-end-first, making them aerodynamic. They often spin on their long axis for stability, like an American football. Knives, on the other hand, spin end-over-end. This creates comparatively large amounts of wind resistance. Thus, a thrown knife will lose what little velocity it has very quickly, making it next to useless at long range. The end-over-end spin also means that a knife spends very little time with its pointy end towards its target. Even a talented knife thrower is more likely to hit her target with the side or the butt of the knife rather than its point when the target is moving, as in a melee. Combine that with the knife's limited range, and your hero would probably be better off walking up to the bad guy and stabbing him in the face.
My favorite depiction of how thrown knives could be used in hand-to-hand combat is in Steven Brust's Taltos series. Our hero, Vlad, frequently gets himself into scrapes where he's outnumbered by people who are bigger than he is. One of his tricks for winning these fights is to throw a knife. The flying piece of pointy steel makes his opponent flinch, giving him an opening. He does not expect the knife to hit the person point-first, and he certainly doesn't count on the knife to kill anyone. Killing someone with a thrown knife is not impossible. It just isn't something that a character can rely on in a life-or-death situation.***
Even with years of training, throwing a knife is still slightly less effective for self-defense than throwing a large rock (rocks are cheaper, heavier, and sometimes more aerodynamic). Please, the next time you're arming your hero or her sidekicks for combat? Leave the throwing knives at home. They're silly, they're clichéd, and physics doesn't work like that.
* This number is a rough approximation. Actual speeds will vary by load and barrel length. However, it's still way faster than a knife.
** I will not indulge in the fast & light bullet vs. heavy & slow bullet debate here —.45 ACP still goes way faster than a knife.
*** Hunters who use throwing knives are usually after small game, like rabbits and squirrels. They also use very heavy knives.
Comments (13)
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 1. Joanne says:
 I am now so sad that I have never questioned this! I just watched Prince of Persia this morning and a lot of people die from thrown knives… but the hero does also appear to have a "get-out-of-physics-free" card. I will now be watching for this in stories (but I will probably still be ok with it if the writing is otherwise good!). (the writing in the movie was not good… not good at all.)
 2. Dirk Bruere says:
 And while we are on the subject…
 Time bombs that have flashing lights, a nice countdown, and colour coded wires – terrorists (or just sensible bombers) do not do things so conveniently. Add in one more cliché here – the above bomb connected to large slabs of plastic explosives, with the hero sweating about which wire to cut. He never thinks of just cutting away the explosive from around the detonator, or even removing the detonator from the mass.
 Then we have the hero escaping in a car, with the baddies shooting at it from less than 50m distance using (say) AK47s. In reality, he and everyone in that car are Swiss Cheese in about 3 seconds.
 3. Adam says:
 Good points, but sour grapes.
 If we were all perfectly concerned about the laws of physics, would we be fans of sci fi and fantasy? Don't think so. (Read: Warp drives, Dyson Spheres, etc., etc.)
 We can make the distinction. Reality is great, but you dismiss "fun factor" for cold reality. If we were that concerned about it, we'd all be reading non-fiction, now wouldn't we…?
 4. What you said goes double for shuriken. Watching a villain drop dead of a throwing star embedded a half inch in a chest or forehead is definitely a "naaah" moment.
 5. cs says:
 Sorry to disagree, Sarah but I do. I feel that there is room enough in literature, cinema etc for different mechanics.
 What you suggest is
 6. cs says:
 *please delete me last unfinished comment. My keyboard has crossed wires and now seems to send things without my intention.
 What you suggest is just one style, one is which the laws governing velocity in the story resemble the ones in our own world. But, as I often do, we turn to stories for escape.
 Sometimes I want to see Dragons who breath fire, spaceships the break light-speed, and (yes) ninjas with deadly throwing stars.
 Maybe say replace, "Stop doing this" and more "be clear what kind of story your writing". Because I think there is room enough on my shelves for both types of story.
 7. julian says:
 You should check out this youtube channel because real serious knife throwing is no-spin knife throwing, where the knife tip is ALWAYS pointed at the target.
 I'm sure this guy's videos don't show his worst throws, but when you are no-spinning the knives they are always pointed at the target, and probably don't have the wind resistance of spinning it either.
 8. Janet says:
 Sara's physics are spot on. (In round-numbers terms, anyway.) and the fact that a guy can stick a steel dart into celotex (soft wood-fiber insulating board) at the range of a few yards still does not make it a deadly weapon.
 Have you ever wondered why surgeons prefer to close large wounds with surgical staples instead of traditional stitches? Simple! It's amazingly hard to jam a needle big enough to drag a thread through skin, so Staples? Yes, Surgical glue? Yes, traditional stitching? Not so much, unless it's a place where self-dissolving sutures are really needed.
 9. Black Mage says:
 "Stopping power" as you imply is represented by kinetic transfer is generally a poor indicator of projectile efficacy. Bullets are lethal because of their mode of injury, specifically: deep tissue damage, CNS damage and rapid exsanguination.
 10. The main advantage of throwing knives in a fight is as suppressing fire. Unless you get lucky and poke someone's eye


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A while ago I had the honor to work with Neal Larson on a paper on fossilized cephalopods found in Hajoula, Lebanon. Today it is again about enhancing the visibility of fossil bone and tissue structures using UV reflected and UV stimulated visible fluorescence photography, but as it is some years later, using more modern equipment now. I will also use my remapping technology consisting of a visible image, a reflected UV image and an UV stimulated visible fluorescence image and combine them into multispectral images.
Lens used was my CERCO f4.1 / 94mm quartz fluorite lens, light sources were a modified high power Xenon flash, as well as a NICHIA 365nm Power LED. Target was a fossilized fish from Solnhofen, Germany, approx. 100 Mio years old.
[click on image to see a larger one]
Visible light image using UV/IR Cut filter:
Reflected UV image using Baader-U filter (310-390nm):
UV stimulated visible fluorescence (FL) using Nichia 365nm UV LED:
Combined VIS - FL multispectral image:
Combined VIS - UV multispectral image::
Combined FL - UV multispectral image::
It gets nicely visible that using UV light photography brings out much more details than normal visible light photography and by doing so, enhances the visibility of preserved bone and tissue structures quite a bit. Combining those different images into falso color multispectral images enhances the structures even more.
Stay tuned, more will follow on that fascinating subject...
More info on this very interesting field may be found on my site _URL_


Sunday, February 28, 2010
Lock DISK DRIVES without any software - Tip Tech Tricks
We don't usually prefer to lock our drives, but sometimes it becomes nesscary. So here is trick to lock drives without any software, For this you have to do some changes in registry editor.
Please don't try this tweak with your root drive (usually C:\ is the root drive) since root drives are not intended to be locked because they are mandatory for the system and application programs.
1). Click on Start and Run and then type Regedit to open Registry editor window.
2). In registry editor window Browse
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\ CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer
3). Create a new DWORD value name it NoViewOnDrive and set its value as 2^(Alpha Number of Drive Letter-1) where Alpha number are simple counting of alphabets from A to Z as 1 – 26
For example: to lock C:\, Alpha number of C is 3 so 2^ (3-1) = 4 (decimal value)
A: 1
C: 4
D: 8
E: 16
F: 32
G: 64
H: 128
4). To lock more drives, calculate the value of each drive and then set sum of those numbers as value
5). To unlock your drive just delete the key from the registry.
6). Press F5 to refresh.
Its done.
1 comment:


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Skip to Main Content
Providing power from the central office to telephone apparatus is used in copper-based systems to achieve high availability, low cost, and low electricity power consumption. It is feasible to power the telephone at customer premises optically by sending optical power over the optical fiber connection. Very-low-power-consumption optical communications systems such as interferometer-based systems must be used. The power consumption of a standard telephone apparatus in its different states is analyzed, and a simple mathematical model is developed and used to calculate the power required to operate the telephone for different durations of different states. Optical power levels transmitted over optical fiber are limited by nonlinear effects and safety standards. The mathematical model is used to compare the power consumption, electricity cost, and carbon footprint of a telephone system over copper twisted pair, GPON, and interferometric systems. Current standard GPON and EPON equipment cannot be powered over optical fiber, and must use battery backup. An interferometric system can consume less power than a copper-based system, depending on the optical source's electrical-to-optical conversion efficiency, the photovoltaic cells' optical to electrical conversion efficiency, and Call and Ringing durations. Low-cost telephone service with 24/7 availability over optical fiber provides the infrastructure to offer broadband and HDTV exploiting the more than 30,000 GHz capacity of the optical fiber.


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An article in the Cornell Chronicle this week reported on a study at Cornell which analyzed congestive heart failure in dogs and serum vitamin D levels. The researchers discovered that while age, sex, and body condition were not significant factors, a measure of vitamin D in the blood stream positively correlated with heart health ; i.e, low serum vitamin D levels were a risk factor for heart failure.
This is another reason to support testing dogs for serum vitamin D levelssomething we have been doing for several years. The authors of the Cornell study conclude That " The question of supplementation is even more relevant to dogs because we know that, unlike us, they are not capable of absorbing vitamin D through their skin." Serum vitamin D testing for dogs is certainly not mainstream medicineyet- but it only a question of time as more and more data accumulates. Why wait?


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VTOL UAV - A Concept Study
This thesis deals with the development of a Conceptual Design Tool for unmanned helicopters, so called VTOL UAVs. The goal of the Design Tool is:
- Quick results
- Good accuracy
- Easy to use
The two first points of the goal are actually more or less dependent on each other. In almost all cases a high accuracy gives a slow calculator and vice versa. In order to fulfill the goal a compromise between calculation accuracy and calculation time needs to be done.
To make the Design Tool an easy to use program a graphical user interface is used. The graphical user interface allows the user to systematically work his way thru the program from a fictive mission to a complete design of a helicopter. The pre-requirements on the user have been eliminated to a minimum, but for the advanced user the possibilities to create more specific and complex helicopters are good.
In order to develop a Conceptual Design Tool the entire helicopter needs to be seen as a complete system. To see the helicopter as a system all of the sub parts of a helicopter need to be studied. The sub parts will be compared against each other and some will be higher prioritized than other.
The outline of this thesis is that it is possible to make a user friendly Conceptual Design Tool for VTOL UAVs. The design procedure in the Design Tool is relatively simple and the time from start to a complete concept is relatively short. It will also be shown that the calculation results have a good agreement with real world flight test data.
HÄR KAN DU HÄMTA UPPSATSEN I FULLTEXT. (följ länken till nästa sida)


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What is flow in jazz performance?
Revision as of 00:21, 23 September 2016 by Dr.davidcring
- Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has researched and written extensively on the idea of a flow state. It is a state of no effort where although a person is a causal agent the process of activity production took place with an effortless grace. The activity of being an agent during that activity goes without requiring thoughtfulness. Presumably, unconscious embodied cognitive processes have taken charge of the activity so the ego and conscious agency basically need contribute little or nothing to the process and can merely observe without seeming to actively participate in the sense of having to figure something out. The music just happens.
- How and why is this possible?


Gas Mask Island: Inside The Place Where Residents Are Required To Carry At All Times
For the most part, the island of Miyake-jima is like many of the beautiful enclaves of Japan. Its flora and fauna are awe-inspiring, and its people are friendly and warm. They just have to obey a particular rule: Whenever an air raid siren blares, everyone has to put on their gas mask. Images of what we know as "Gas Mask Island" are arresting, but its story is even more fascinating.
(India Today)
"Gas Mask Island" Is Home To An Active Volcano
Before it became home to the world biggest post-apocalyptic flash mob, Miyake-jima was simply a beautiful place to live and visit. Its most devastating inhabitant is Mount Oyama, an active volcano that's erupted multiple times over the last 500 years. Mount Oyama is such a known quantity that you can find mention of it in written histories of the island that reach back as far as the Nara period (710—784 BCE). In 1940, lava flow from the volcano killed 11 people, and eruptions occurred in 1962 and 1983. It was just the beginning.
(Head Space)
Mass Evacuation
Inhabitants of Miyake-jima have been living with the active volcano for generations, but in 2000, a series of eruptions forced residents to evacuate en masse. It wasn't just the explosions that forced the island's population to vacate their homes but the toxic gas that filled the air following the eruptions. Flights into the area were halted as high levels of sulphur made the place unlivable. They remained out of operation for the next eight years, but it only took until 2005 for residents to return home.
Your Own Personal Gas Mask
After 2005, everyone who returned to their homes on the island were required to carry gas masks on their person at all times and don them when the noxious fumes reached dangerous levels. On top of the mask laws, the government performs regular health checks on the island's inhabitants. Even when they aren't wearing their gas masks, one-third of the island is still completely off-limits to humans.
(India Today)
Life Goes On
Most photos of Gas Mask Island show a population of people, young and old, staring down the lens of the camera with gas masks strapped around their heads. The visuals are eerie, suggesting a gloomy world where people are constantly contemplating their imminent deaths.
That's not really the case. It's certainly dangerous to live on Miyake-jima, but the residents aren't actors in a haunted house. They're just normal people who have chosen to live on an island with one strict, strange rule. Sure, it might make for some weird wedding photos, but it doesn't make the weddings any less joyous.
It's (Mostly) Safe To Visit Gas Mask Island
If you have a penchant for dark tourism, Miyake-jima should be at the top of your bucket list. Aside from a place to walk around a large group of people wearing creepy masks, it's also a bustling town with a rich culture. If you don't have your own gas mask, that's okay. You can pick one up when you arrive or at any of the gift shops across the island.
(Atlas Obscura)
An Island (Sort Of) Paradise
Aside from the giant volcano that's constantly spitting sulfur into the air, Miyake-jima is home to many natural wonders. Rare birds and animals live all over the island even though they're constantly under threat from the volcano and tourists. The coral reefs beneath the island are especially beloved by visitors, who love to dive from the island to see dolphins swimming off the coast. The gas masks can make the island seem like a desolate no-man's-land, but it can be reached by overnight ferry or a simple helicopter flight from Tokyo. The whole "deadly toxins" thing notwithstanding, it's a gorgeous place to visit.
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Date of Award
Doctor of Philosophy in Conflict Analysis & Resolution
College of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences – Department of Conflict Resolution Studies
Robert J. Witheridge
conflict, lesbian, motherhood, narratives, phenomenology, sociopolitical
This study explored the lives of lesbian mothers with children conceived through insemination or the adoption process in an effort to understand the conflicts they encountered along their journey to motherhood and how they managed those conflicts. The qualitative study included in-depth interviews conducted with six participants. The participants' ages ranged between 25-60 years old. Interview results were analyzed to explore participants' narratives in regards to their experiences, relationships, identities and transformation into motherhood. This research highlights significant ongoing developments in the field of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) studies and seeks to intersect the boundaries between interpersonal and sociopolitical conflicts with the phenomena of lesbian-mothered families. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, this research provides a contribution to the interdisciplinary field of conflict resolution with a focus on the central research question: What is the common experience shared among lesbian mothers in their transformation to motherhood? The key findings of this study interrelate with themes of interpersonal conflict, role conflict, and sociopolitical conflict. The conclusions contribute to the field of conflict analysis and resolution, expand upon recent developments on LGBT family systems, and suggest new areas for further examination from the perspective of conflict analysis scholarship.
Melissa Miller-Munoz. 2016. Motherhood redefined: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the lived experiences of lesbian mothers and the sociopolitical conflicts that shape their narratives. Doctoral dissertation. Nova Southeastern University. Retrieved from NSUWorks, College of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences – Department of Conflict Resolution Studies. (51)


How to Tell If a Ceiling Fan Is Broken
John Smith
Like any appliance, ceiling fans wear out and eventually have to be replaced. When a ceiling fan is broken, it means it does not operate correctly. Some ceiling fans become broken beyond repair and need to be replaced. This particularly applies to fans with burned-out motors. Other ceiling fans can be fixed if only part of the fan is broken. A broken fan can be a safety (or fire) hazard. Look (or listen) for some obvious signs that a fan is broken.
 1. Check for electrical problems if the ceiling fan does not turn or does not make any noise at all. If it's not an electrical problem, the fan almost certainly has to be replaced,
 2. Notice if the fan produces a burning smell. A fan that smells may very well have a motor and ball bearings that are permanently damaged.
 3. Look to see if the blades turn normally. Blades that turn very slowly, or take longer than usual to begin to spin, are signs the motor and the fan are probably broken beyond repair.
 4. Listen for clicking or scraping noises. The source of the noises can be the result of many things, including a broken (or bent) blade. A blade that is warped can also create a noise and cause the fan to shake badly.
 5. Look to see if the fan has a severe wobble or shake. Some of these problems can be corrected by balancing the blades, but they can also indicate part of the fan is broken.
 6. Listen for a humming noise. A humming noise will often go away on its own, or could indicate a problem with the fan's motor.
 7. Know that some ceiling fans are "lemons'' like any other appliances. Fans can be broken in transit and simply need to be replaced.


_USER_{NBERw7775, title = "A Framework for Assessing Estate and Gift Taxation", author = "Louis Kaplow", institution = "National Bureau of Economic Research", type = "Working Paper", series = "Working Paper Series", number = "7775", year = "2000", month = "July", doi = {10.3386/w7775}, URL = "_URL_ abstract = {Whether and how estates and gifts should be taxed has long been a controversial subject, and the approach to estate and gift taxation varies among developed countries. Arguments for and against various forms of transfer taxation have focused on concerns about the distribution of income and wealth, intergenerational equity, raising revenue, savings incentives, and other economic and philosophical issues. This essay has two purposes. The first is to examine the conceptual basis for various arguments for and against the current estate and gift tax regime and proposed alternatives. The second is to integrate policy analysis of transfer taxation with that of the rest of the tax system, notably, the income tax. The analysis begins by considering how it would be optimal to tax transfers if they are viewed simply one of many forms of expenditure by donors, and then it explores how the distinctive features of gifts and bequests may alter the conclusions. The importance of different transfer motives is discussed, and the analysis is reconsidered in the light of the importance of human capital in intergenerational transfers; differences between inter vivos transfers and bequests, between gifts to individuals and gifts to charitable institutions, and among gifts to donees having varying relationships to the donor; and the possibility that transfers are not explained by maximizing behavior.}, }


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Motor Cars / Trains of the Panama Railroad
Common labor traveled on labor cars converted from either 40' standard flat cars or from the old French 6 meter dump cars. The middle echelon American employees rode the passenger trains of the Panama Rail Road. The executives at the head-quarters at Balboa made their inspection trips using a fleet of motor cars.
Goethals had started his inspection trips each morning on the Panama Rail Road's morning passenger train. When the motor cars were built he had one reserved for his private use. This car also served as transportation for the important people who came from Washington.
The motor car became a commercial reality on the main line railroads of the United States beginning in 1905. William R. McQueen started building them for the Union Pacific Railroad where he was the Superintendent of Motive Power. By 1907 six of his cars were in operation on the Union Pacific.
The cars used by the I.C.C. were based at Balboa. They were weird and wonderful contraptions with the six cylinder gasoline engine's radiator perched on the roof. The passenger car body towered over the tiny gasoline motor housing and was styled in the best tradition of the previous century.
Because they ran on the Panama Rail Road they complied with the rule book requirements for designating a train They had marker lamps, sockets for flags for daytime operation designating the class of train, headlights, and a compressed air horn.
Narration and some photos from Charles S. Small's "Rails to the Diggings". Newer Motor Train photo from the collection of Bob Karrer.
Click the thumbnail to view a larger image.
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Dictionary Suite
zygote a cell formed by the union of two gametes or sex cells. [2 definitions]
zymase an enzyme found in yeast that decomposes sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide.
zymofermentation. [2 definitions]
zymogen an inactive protein that has the potential to become an enzyme because of an internal change.
zymology the science involving the chemistry of fermentation; enzymology.
zymurgy the branch of chemistry that deals with the fermentation process, as in beer brewing or winemaking.


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A CMOS Luminescence Sensor for Intensity and Lifetime Dual SensingFu, Guoqing.
Abstract: Luminescence is an important phenomenon in nature used extensively in biology, life sciences, biomedical and environmental applications. It is the light emitted by a substance not resulting from heat after absorbing a certain amount of excitation energy. Measurements of luminescence could involve measuring its intensity or measuring its lifetime. Sensing based on luminescence intensity s... read more
- Tufts University. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering.
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