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Baler twine is a type of binding twine used for baling. It is commonly used on an automatic baler machine. It can be made from all-natural twine or synthetic twine. It has a rich history that dates back in the 19th century – the same time automatic reaper machines were in development. Initially, top quality baler twine was used by hand and was first referred to as 'binding twine.' But then in the 1930s, the first automatic baler machines were developed, which paved the way to the development of the automatic baler twine. This machine uses twine to bale hay automatically. The baler twine has become popular and is widely applied to the large farm and agricultural industry.
How Baler Twine Came into Existence
In the beginning, natural fibres such as cotton, sisal, manila were used for making the first iteration of the baler twine. However, because their properties were not suitable for baler machines, artificial fibres were explored and developed. Today, most baler twines are made from non-hazard synthetic materials. Polypropylene was discovered by Robert Banks and J. Paul Hogan, two chemists from the Phillips Petroleum company. In the early 1960s, polypropylene was already used to mass-produce the modern-day baler twine that we know today.
With better features and compatibility with baler machines, top quality baler twine made from polypropylene surpassed natural twine to become the world's most used type of baler twine. Of course, traditional twine is still used today, but that is if the farmer using it is doing the manual baling process.
Other Fibers Used
Apart from polypropylene, many other man-made fibers were also developed and used in the manufacturing of baling twine. Click this link to discover other materials used for creating baler twine. Today, baler twines and baler machines are developing rather rapidly to bring an edge to every farm that uses it. As mentioned earlier, natural fibres are still used until now due to some unique features in which polypropylene and other manmade fibres cannot replicate. Natural fibres are always highly appreciated for its pollution-free and biodegradable properties. Most of all, it's way cheaper than synthetic twine.
So there you have it – a brief history of top quality baler twine. This farming product has had a rich history. Researchers are still looking for a way on how technology can make farming life more straightforward. So stay tuned for any breakthrough and discoveries by subscribing to our newsletter.


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Beyond the Death Spiral
Abstract Model based projections for the rapid uptake of rooftop solar photovoltaics in Western Australia indicate that private capacity will be so large that the centralised network based electricity system will become disrupted in the 2020s. By 2050 private systems may produce around 85- 90% of projected electricity demands. In the interim period it may be more economically viable to avoid introducing large scale renewable energy to the network while planning for a completely renewable system by 2050 when rooftop solar approaches saturation levels.
Keywords: solar, electricity, energy, battery, storage, wind, wave, network
For the full report click here

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


header-feather.gifConsultation Office
The Kanawewim'nan Nikawiy Askiy Consultation Office is mandated to protect Swan River's Treaty and Traditional Territory.
Through site specific assessments this program endeavours to protect Swan River's ability to practise their Treaty Rights to hunt, fish, trap, and gather for 'as long as the sun shines, the grass grows, and the rivers flow'. Environmental, Traditional Use Study, and Archaeological divisions within the consultation office work to collect and record traditional knowledge, to conduct archaeological assessments, to create culturally sustaining land use plans, and to understand and deal with cumulative effects in Swan River First Nation's traditional territory.


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Pure Substances and Mixtures [Worksheet and Flashcards]
10-page worksheet plus 14 flashcards for junior high school chemistry.
Comprehensive resource containing a variety of questions, including extension and further research.
- Matter and particles.
- Pure substances and mixtures.
- Homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.
- Solutions, colloids and coarse mixtures.
Includes a detailed answer version.
Also includes a Topic Summary and Learning Checklist.
Flashcards cover key vocabulary.
Year 7 Australian curriculum or equivalent.
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BUY THIS RESOURCE from Teachers Pay Teachers


University of Tasmania
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Nutritional and physiological constraints on reproduction in the endangered swift parrot, Lathamus discolor
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posted on 2023-05-26, 23:27 authored by Gartrell, Brett David
This thesis documents my investigations into the factors that constrain reproduction in the endangered swift parrot, Lathamus discolor. First, I have described the annual cycle of reproduction in the swift parrot, by examining changes in the gonads and reproductive hormones (oestradiol and testosterone) of both captive and wild birds. Reproductive development in wild swift parrots initiated after the birds migrated to their breeding grounds in Tasmania from the mainland of Australia. Male swift parrots commenced testes development and increased the plasma concentration of testosterone in all years of the study regardless of the foraging resources available. Reproductive activity in male birds peaked in October and November and gonadal regression occurred in late December and January associated with the development of moult. However, in this period very few female swift parrots were reproductively active. The female swift parrots' initiation of breeding appears to be the major factor limiting reproduction in wild swift parrots. Further, the female birds appear to be limited in numbers as well as opportunities to breed. There is a male sex bias (1.9:1) to the wild swift parrot population based on the examination of birds killed in window strikes and birds trapped by mist-netting. The origins of the sex bias were not determined. In captive swift parrots, I examined the period of reproduction that- encompasses egg laying, egg incubation and chick-rearing. The male swift parrot is solely responsible for the provision of resources to the female during incubation and, in the first two weeks after hatching, to the female and the chicks. This period appears to be a bottle-neck for food resources in the swift parrots' life history. To Maintain the high demand for food resources, nesting must occur in close proximity to good foraging resources. Next, I investigated links between reproduction and nutrition in swift parrots. I examined the morphological adaptations to nectarivory that have evolved in the birds, the food resources used in the breeding season and their ability to extract protein from ingested pollen; all provide evidence for the importance of the flowering of the Tasmanian blue gum, Eucalyptus globulus, to supporting the nutritional requirements of reproduction in swift parrots. I commenced feeding trials in captive birds to examine links between reproduction and dietary energy and protein. However, these trials were disrupted by deaths due to renal disease, which was worsened by high protein diets. Assessment of plasma concentrations of uric acid suggests that swift parrots may have lower protein requirements than granivorous parrots. Finally, I assessed the constraints that migration may impose on reproduction, and the causes of mortality in swift parrots during the breeding season. No physiological preparations for migration were identified in swift parrots. However, behavioural changes associated with migration were identified suggesting that migration limits the time available for reproduction and its timing within the year. Mortality related to collisions with artificial structures, such as windows, fences and automobiles was identified as a threatening process of increasing importance to the swift parrot population. This study has major implications for the conservation of the endangered swift parrot and suggests promising avenues for future research. Further, it highlights the paucity of knowledge of the Australian avifauna and the need for scientific involvement in the management of endangered species.
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Copyright 2001 the Author ‚Äö- The University is continuing to endeavour to trace the copyright owner(s) and in the meantime this item has been reproduced here in good faith. We would be pleased to hear from the copyright owner(s). Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Tasmania, 2002. Includes bibliographical references
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Green Police Becomes A Reality In Cleveland
Posted on Sat 08/28/2010 by
By Nicolas Loris
Remember Audi's absurd "Green Police" Super Bowl commercial where green cops arrest citizens for using plastic bags, plastic water bottles and sort through the community's trash cans to ensure they're recycling?
Well, the absurdity is about to hit the streets of Cleveland. reports:
The high-tech collection system is an expansion of a 15,000-resident pilot program that commenced in 2007. Proponents of the program argue that not only is the $2.5 million program good for the environment, but because the city will collect revenue from the fines and from recycled goods, the trash police will eventually raise revenue. The article mentions that the city pays $30 per ton to place garbage in a landfill but would receive $26 per ton for recycling goods. We know that the city will pass the costs onto the consumer, but the article makes no mention of whether residents will reap any savings benefits.
Much more problematic is the intrusion onto individual liberties. Like much of the "Green Police" commercial—and the environmentalist movement as a whole—the goal is to change human behavior. But a recent Rasmussen survey "shows that only 17% of adults believe most Americans would be willing to make major cutbacks in their lifestyle in order to help save the environment. Most (65%) say that's not the case."
Skeptics of catastrophic temperature increases compare belief in global warming to a religion, saying that alarmists base their views on faith much more than concrete science. This could have significant consequences if Congress enacts cap-and-trade legislation or other policies that aim to increase Americans' energy bills. The goal, of course, is to force consumers to use less energy.
We should allow for choice and respect the choices of others. If someone chooses not to drink bottled water because they believe it is bad for the environment, so be it. (Interestingly, the environmentalist push that tap water is unsafe led to the rise of bottled water.) Those who choose to drink tap water should respect the preference of those who enjoy bottled. Conflicts will certainly arise among people with different preferences, but to advocate that one is morally right and one is morally wrong is objectionable.
Read more informative articles at Heritage – The Foundry


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Prabhawa in crafting a brighter planet, has kept its initial step with a long term sustainable project of distributing 1000 seedlings of king coconut among the farmer community in Dambadeniya area.
The project aims at uplifting the living standards of farmer community through paving a way to broaden their income streams and aims at acknowledging them with needed technical support in long run to make it more sustainable.
En route to prosperity
Prabhawa being a collaborative effort towards sustainability, extending its contribution to the community recently conducted a two day workshop to the farmer community to whom the king coconut seedlings were distributed at initial stage, manifesting that it is not just a temporary inspiration but a kick-off step in a journey of miles!
The program was conducted with the hope of equipping the farmers with the needed technical knowledge in order to ensure that they get the maximum number of seedlings matured. Hence, the farmers were provided with a comprehensive and practical knowledge on areas like drip-irrigation systems, organic farming to differentiate from the local competition and knowledge about the export market and trends for king coconut to make this golden nut endemic to our little island a brand resoning with Sri Lanka. This way we confidently believes that we will create ample space for the farmer community to enrich their lives with prosperity in long term.
Certified farming, processing and exports
State of the art manufacturing
PREMIUM AND HEALTHY PRODUCTS
Promoting natural consumption habits and an eco-friendly attitude towards life.
HANDCRAFTED WITH INTEGRITY
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Many banks offer drive-through automatic teller machines (ATMs), which are located on the driver's side of a lane accessible only to automobiles; pedestrians and cyclists are not allowed to enter the lanes. Clearly, blind people do not drive automobiles; nevertheless, like the universally accessible ATMs inside the bank branches, all of the drive-through ATMs have both Braille and visible numbers on their keypads.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the discrepancy described in the passage?
a)The cost per unit to ATM manufacturers of producing multiple types of ATMs is substantially greater than that of producing one universal model.
B)Both the drive-through ATMs and the universally accessible in-branch ATMs feature multiple languages in their audio and video output.
C)Federal regulations require that all ATMs accessible to the blind must have keypads featuring both Braille and visible numbers.
D)The blind make up a higher percentage of the banks' customers than they did in previous decades.
E)Recent advertising campaigns at the banks in question have focused on reaching out to disabled customers.
Sky is the limit

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Annotation Tool
Example setup
Switching web server
Running new task
Task definition XML
Displaying annotations
Future work :)
Generic web-based annotation tool for Mechanical Turk (v0.1)
By Alexander Sorokin, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.;
Our tools provide general interface for annotation images. We currently support simple binary questions, bounding boxes and polygons.
Annotation process overview
Setting up the annotation process is simple. We set up a simple web server, put the web part of the tools and the data there. We define the annotation task in a simple XML file and place it on our web server as well. We install Mechanical Turk command line tools and additional helpers. After that we submit the images to Mechanical Turk and get the results back. The results are converted into XML files, which can be read by Matlab or displayed on the web.
Example setup
We use a labeling human heads as a running example. We assume that we have two machines: local (e.g. laptop) and the web server. Lets call the web server The web server only serves static web pages, javascript and flash files. As an example we can use Amazon S3 storage, which can be immediately used as such web server.
The code and the data have to be placed in very certain locations relative to our root folder:
Web location Description
code/ Contains all flash, javascript and HTML files. The only files that require editing here are instruction***.html
tasks/ Contain XML files, defining the annotation task.
frames/ Contain all images that we annotate. All frames are stored in format "video/frame.jpg". Note, that all frames must be jpeg and the extension is automatically added to the frame name.
annotations/ Contain existing annotations that we want to display on the web.
In our example, to annotate the frame frame001 from sequence sqn01, we will place the file frame001.jpg into
Now lets setup our local machine.
 1. Register at Amazon Mechanical Turk (probably put $1-$5 there for the testing)
 2. Download and install Amazon Command Line tools for Mechanical Turk. When you are done with the installation, you should be able to run
 3. Download and install command-line helpers for MTurk(see wrappers page for details). Run "source source.env" (after editing it)
 4. Extract demo-heads-local.tgz into ~/mturk_demo_faces and go there.
 5. Run -sandbox and see the tasks you requested (that are using my web server)
 6. There are several important files here:
File Description
workload.input This tab-separated file lists the images that we want to annotate. In general, this file lists variable parameters of the tasks. The first row provides the names of the columns.
workload.question Contains the URL of the page that renders the question. Notice, how ${Frame} is used. This value varies for each task. This file contatains Title, Description, Pay and other important information. We revisit it later.
workload.results The file containing all results downloaded from Mechanical Turk. It is parsed using into meaningful collection of xml files.
 1. Go to the sandbox and do your assignments.
 2. Download results: -sandbox
 3. Run parser:./ run/. This will create folder run/results with xml files containing all data from the interface.
 4. Approve and delete results ( approves all, uses workload.approve_file to approve assignments, uses workload.reject_file to reject assignments). Of course, all should be called with "-sandbox" now.
 5. To switch to production system simply omit "-sandbox".
Switching web server
 1. Replicate directory structure: code/ frames/ tasks/ annotations/
 2. Edit workload.question and
 3. That's it.
Running new task
 1. Make sure you understand and update (task title, pay, num assignments)
 2. Check the instructions (they should be as clear as possible)
 3. Test a couple examples in sandbox.
 4. Run in production and test couple examples. If they don't work, immediately remove them.
Task definition XML
Task definition consists of targets. Each target has a name and an annotation type. We have 3 types of annotations:
The target is specified as
...annotation type...
TargetName becomes the title of a button.
 1. All data comes back in user-interface coordinate frame. The image is resized to be 500 pixels on the bigger size. It is then centered in the 500x500 box. All coordinates are reported in that 500x500 box. The easy way to get image coordinates is using the matrix:
 max(imW,imH)/500 0 -max(0,(imH-imW)/2)
 0 max(imW,imH)/500 -max(0,(imW-imH)/2)
 0 0 1
In the case of 640x480 images, it's
1.28 0 0
0 1.28 -80
0 0 1
Note, that due to vector nature of flash, the 500x500 is an arbitrarily chosen coordinate system. It is unlikely to change in the near future.
 1. If you want to parse XML in Matlab, I use XMLTree. Unfortunately they don't support the attributes nicesly. Here's an example of how I deal with it.
Using Flash to display the annotations
The flash interface can display the annotations on top of images. creates results.html with proper links to displays. However for the links to work, you need to move all xml files to annotations// on the web server. See the -web pack for example or here.
Coming soon...
Let me know if you have preferences over these features.
Also, if you want and can program some of those in Flash, any help is appreciated.


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Fiona Delaney, Chair @BCIRL #Startups attended EU Blockchain Week in the handsome city of Ljubljana during the period of the Slovenian EU Presidency.
Representing Blockchain Ireland she spoke at the Innovation Ecosystems panel on opening day, where representatives across Europe shared insights from research, industry and the legal profession to talk about our national blockchain ecosystems and how we can grow and learn together.
Delaney framed the Irish ecosystem as one of 'early-adoptive decentral innovation', one that Blockchain Ireland acts as a focal point for, coming together to address stakeholder needs in an active community of practice.
Moderator, Nena Dukozov, leads the New Economy and Blockchain project at the Ministry of Economic Development and Technology declared a 'decentral ecosystem of early-adoptive decentral ecosystems' one that shares, co-creates and propels greater visibility of emerging DLT practices across Europe and globally. Slovenia will seek to formalise this innovation ecosystems approach at the EU Blockchain Partnership in December later this year.
Prof. Joyce O'Connor, Chair @Blockchain Ireland, Education and Skills WG also virtually participated in the Conference on the Blockchain and AI panel and calls for our own government to create a roadmap for industry growth, workplace planning and societal career options, that recognises blockchain as a facilitator for other technologies including AI and AR, helping us develop and grow opportunities into the future.
During the Conference, the Slovenian government launched two state-backed NFT initiatives for the Slovenian showcase at Dubai Exbo, that support Slovenian industrial design and Slovenian tourism. The initiative is a cooperation between the Slovenian Ministry of Economic Development and Technology, the public agency for the promotion of entrepreneurship and investment SPIRIT and the Ljubljana Technology Park.
Delaney also had an opportunity to meet visual artist Norma de Saint Picman. Norma's landscape paintings were exhibited as 'NoraVisionSolar – The Garden of Eden'. You can find out more about art investment and the city of Ljubljana here.


text: A numerical simulation code was developed for estimating the surface temperature of POM wear test with different shapes. By using the developed code, the effect of sliding geometry with various contact areas on the surface temperature was numerically investigated. The simulation results show that the limiting sliding velocity depends on contact area and reaches a peak value at a certain geometry. It was also found that the simulation code leads an exact prediction of limiting velocity in the range of small contact area. This is important since the exact temperature measurement is very difficult in this range.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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1+1+1 – A Simple Way to Read the Bible (Download Powerpoint)
Can you think of some famous numbers?
999 – the phone number you ring in an emergency.
118 118 – the phone number you ring to get information.
1966 – the year that England won the World Cup.
43252003274489856000 – the number of possible positions on a Rubik's cube.
I want to introduce you to another number that should be famous. This number describes a simple and easy way to read the Bible.
The number is 111 or 1+1+1.
Here's how it works:
1 – Book of the Bible a month.
1- Chapter to read a day – doing this will mean for some books of the Bible, you'll get to know them really well as you'll read through them more than once in a month.
1 – Verse to think about – the final step is from the chapter you've read take one verse and spend the rest of the day thinking about it and praying it for yourself, your family, church and non-Christians. Alternatively you could take from the chapter one 'thought to make your heart sing'.
1 book a month, 1 chapter a day, 1 verse to think about. 1+1+1 – a simple way to read the Bible.
[This simple way of reading the Bible also works well with The Big Read that we're doing at Banstead Community Church].


Who Actually Invented the Macintosh Computer?
Who Actually Invented the Macintosh Computer?
In December of 1983, Apple Computers ran its famous "1984" Macintosh television commercial on a small, unknown station solely to make the commercial eligible for awards. The commercial cost $1.5 million and only ran once in 1983, but news and talk shows everywhere replayed it, making TV history.
The next month, Apple ran the same ad during the Super Bowl and millions of viewers saw their first glimpse of the Macintosh computer. The commercial was directed by Ridley Scott, and the Orwellian scene depicted the IBM world being destroyed by a new machine called the "Macintosh."
Could we expect anything less from a company that was once run by the former president of Pepsi-Cola? Steve Jobs, the co-founder of Apple Computers, had been trying to hire Pepsi's John Sculley since early 1983. While he eventually succeeded, Jobs soon discovered that he did not get along with Sculley - who, after becoming CEO of Apple Computers, ended up booting him off Apple's "Lisa" project. The "Lisa" was the first consumer computer with a graphical user interface (GUI).
Steve Jobs and the Macintosh Computer
Jobs then switched over to managing the Apple "Macintosh" project that was started by Jef Raskin. Jobs was determined that the new "Macintosh" was going to have a graphical user interface like the "Lisa," but at a considerably lower cost. The early Mac team members in 1979 consisted of Jef Raskin, Brian Howard, Marc LeBrun, Burrell Smith, Joanna Hoffman, and Bud Tribble. Others began working on the Mac at later dates.
Seventy-four days after the introduction of the "Macintosh," the company was only able to sell 50,000 units. At the time, Apple refused to license the OS or the hardware. The 128k memory was not enough and the onboard floppy drive was difficult to use. The "Macintosh" did have "Lisa's" user friendly GUI, but was missing some of the more powerful features of the "Lisa," such as multitasking and the 1 MB of memory.
Jobs compensated by making sure developers created software for the new "Macintosh." Jobs figured that software was the way to win the consumer over and in 1985, the "Macintosh" computer line received a big sales boost with the introduction of the LaserWriter printer and Aldus PageMaker, which made home desktop publishing possible. That was also the year that the original founders of Apple left the company.
Power Struggle at Apple Computers
Steve Wozniak returned to college and Steve Jobs was fired when his difficulties with John Sculley came to a head. Jobs had decided to regain control of the company from Sculley by scheduling a business meeting in China for Sculley so that Jobs could carry out a corporate takeover while Sculley was absent.
Word of Jobs' true motives reached Sculley before the China trip. He confronted Jobs and asked Apple's Board of Directors to vote on the issue. Everyone voted for Sculley and so, in lieu of being fired, Jobs quit. Jobs later rejoined Apple in 1996 and worked there until his death in 2011. Sculley was eventually replaced as CEO of Apple.


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Ask Health Experts and Get Answers to Your Health Question ASAP
If everything else on the test is negative, the presence of nitrates does not indicate you have an infection. Bacteria in the urine will produce an enzyme that changes nitrates (a normal finding in urine) to nitrites. When there are nitrites present, there is a UTI.
It is fairly standard, also, to treat a UTI only if it causes symptoms. If you have no symptoms (such as lower abdominal cramping, bladder spasms, frequency, cloudy or smelly urine) there is nothing to worry about.
Cranberry juice can help prevent UTI, as well as plenty of fluid intake.
Yes, if it said nitrites, then you probably have some bacteria in your bladder, but not enough to show as an infection. Though, it is uncommon for a urine sample to show positive for nitrites and not show anything else at all.
Still, you are not symptomatic. So, if your immune system is normal and you are fairly healthy, eating a nutritious diet, drinking plenty of fluids (and don't forget plain water), cranberry juice, and getting some sunshine everyday will keep you healthy. It wouldn't hurt to take a vitamin/mineral supplement also.


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Afghan hound, © Kent & Donna Dannenbreed of dog developed as a hunter in the hill country of Afghanistan. It was once thought to have originated several thousand years ago in Egypt, but there is no evidence for this theory. It was brought to Europe in the late 19th century by British soldiers returning from the Indian-Afghan border wars.
The Afghan hound hunts by sight and, in its native Afghanistan, has been used to pursue leopards and gazelles. The animal is adapted to rough country by the structure of its high, wide hipbones. A long-legged dog, the Afghan stands 25 to 27 inches (63.5 to 68.5 cm) high and weighs from 50 to 60 pounds (23 to 27 kg). It has floppy ears, a long topknot, and a long, silky coat of various but usually solid colours. The coat is especially heavy on the forequarters and hindquarters; the Afghan carries its slim tail in an upright curve. The Afghan's appearance has been described as "aristocratic, with a farseeing expression."


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Users are following a Twitter thread that uses data visualization to describe population density throughout the globe. It displays the areas of the world with the densest population and the sparsest population, as posted by Twitter user Tim Urban. Alasdair Rae, a data analyst, and researcher conducted the research for this thread. Mr. Rae claims that the study is based on publicly accessible Global Human Settlement statistics from the European Union.
The population distribution throughout the continents is shown by the data. The East and Southeast of the United States are more densely inhabited than the rest of the nation. The US state with the greatest population density is New Jersey, whereas the states with the lowest population distribution are Wyoming, Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota.
The population density data also reveals that in the case of India, the Indo-Gangetic plain is one of the planet's most densely inhabited areas. In this section, the bars that show how many people live in a square kilometer are positioned quite close together, in contrast to how thinly populated the far North is.
The thread also demonstrates that Southeast Asia has the cities with the densest populations, the most notable of which is Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, which is on pace to surpass Tokyo as the world's most populous metropolis by 2030. It went on to say that Java is the most populated island in the world, with a population of 143 million.
According to the Twitter thread, China's Southeast is home to virtually all of its population, and Bangladesh, India's neighbor, is one of the world's most densely inhabited nations. The least dense continents include Europe and Australia, with Iceland having extremely few bar graphs, according to one of the tweets in the discussion.
Earth is basically empty of humans
— Elon Musk (_USER_) July 20, 2022
The tweet sparked a massive conversation on Twitter, in which Elon Musk, a millionaire, also took part. In response to the now widely shared discussion, he replied, "Humans are pretty much nonexistent on Earth."
"Natural resources are being depleted by humans far more quickly than they can be replaced. 1000 times more species are vanishing from the planet than would otherwise be the case "Leilani Munter, an environmentalist, remarked. This Twitter conversation is based on Mr. Rae's initial math crunching from 2020. According to his explanation, each square on the map symbolizes a certain number of residents.


WHERE DID THE NAME CYGNUS COME FROM?
June 22, 2016
The Cygnus wireless alarm and evacuation system has been named after the constellation Cygnus called Cygnus A which was discovered in 1951 and is one of the strongest radio sources in the sky.
This galaxy was found to be 500 million light years away and was a fantastic discovery. It showed that the process that causes the radio waves to be given off must be colossally powerful, otherwise we wouldn't have been able to detect them from so far away. In fact the radiation from Cygnus A is about a million times as powerful as that discovered from the milky way by Karl Jansky in 1933. Galaxies which are strong sources of radio waves are called radio galaxies and many have been found since the discovery of Cygnus A.
The Cygnus constellation form a swan shape. Cygnus is the Latin word for the swan family.
Cygnus
The name and logo are symbols of:
 - Excellence (stars are a symbols of achievements)
 - Signal strength/Signal distance (the radio waves which reach us from Cygnus have travelled 500 million light years!)
 - Reliability/longevity. (Radio waves have been pulsing from Cygnus since before time).


The Shock of the News
Media Coverage and the Making of 9/11
272 pages
March, 2010
ISBN: 9780814795552
Also available in
Brian A. Monahan is Associate Professor of Sociology and Criminal Justice at Marywood University.
All books by Brian A. Monahan
How did the events of September 11, 2001 come to be thought of as 9/11? The Shock of the News is an authoritative account of post-9/11 political and social processes, offering an in-depth analysis of the media coverage of this momentous event. Brian Monahan demonstrates how 9/11 has been transformed into a morality tale centered on patriotism, victimization, and heroes.
Introducing the idea of "public drama" as a way of making sense of how media processed and packaged the 9/11 attacks for their audiences, Monahan not only illuminates how and why the coverage took shape as it did, but also provides us with new insights into the social, cultural, and political consequences of the attacks and their aftermath. Monahan explains how and why 9/11 became such a potent symbol, exploring how meanings and symbols get created, reinforced, and disseminated in modern society. Ultimately, Monahan offers an important new understanding of this singular event of our time, and his compelling narrative brings the momentous events back into focus.
 - "Well-written and engaging, Brian Monahan's book should become a landmark in media analysis."
 —Joel Best, author of Damned Lies and Statistics
 - "Anyone who wishes to understand how the attacks have been understood and the policy choices we made needs to read this poignant and skeptical book."
 —Gary Alan Fine, author of The Global Grapevine: Why Rumors of Terrorism, Immigration, and Trade Matter
 - "The Shock of the News is a must-read for researchers engaged in media analyses or studying anything related to the September 11th terrorist attacks. It would be an excellent addition to undergraduate and graduate classes in media analyses or media and society."
 —Michelle D. Byng, Critical Sociology


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Excel uses double quote character to identify text, you need to a different approach. This article shows you How to use double quotes in Excel formulas in two ways: with and without a function.
There are 2 ways to use double quotes in Excel formulas:
- Without a function
- With a function
Without a function
This is the generic and most commonly used approach to add double quote characters in a formula. Type double quote twice, like double-double quotes (""). Although using double quotes twice is our preferred approach, when these double-double quotes come together with double quotes that specify a text, things can get mess.
="The "&B3&" is a """&C3&""" type Pokémon"
It may be really hard to count double quotes in smaller screens. Here is an alternative way to distinguish string separators from the double quotes used for text.
With a function
The function is called CHAR which returns the character of a specific number. It can get a number from 1 to 255 as it argument and returns the character from your computer's character set that matches the number. The character sets are different for Windows and Mac systems. While Windows machines uses ANSI code system, Mac machines uses Mac OS Roman.
Thankfully, the double quote character shares same numeric code for both systems, 34. So you can use CHAR function with code 34 to insert a double quote.
="The "&B4&" is a "&CHAR(34)&C4&CHAR(34)&" type Pokémon"


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How Many Drops Is 2Ml. Click to see full answer. As a side note, the 1 oz bottle contains 29.574 mls.
5 ml = 1 teaspoon. There are 15.419629805528 drop in a milliliter. 51 rows how many drop in a milliliter?
Click To See Full Answer.
Ml to drops (gtt) formula. To convert ml to gtt, multiply the ml value by 20. The thicker the oil the less drops per ml and the thinner the oil the more drops per ml.
Go Here To Browse And Purchase Bio Source Naturals Pure Essential Oils By Plant Names.
1 drop is equal to 0._PHONE_ milliliter. A drop is considered an approximated unit of measure. That will tell you approximately how many mls are in the dropper.
There Are 15.419629805528 Drop In A Milliliter.
One drop is approximately 0.05 ml resulting in 20 drops per ml. This meaning was used in pharmacy to describe a volume equal to one 60th of a fluid dram or one 480th of a fluid ounce. For example, to convert 2 ml to gtt, multiply 2 by 20, that makes 40 gtt in 2 ml.
11 Rows 1 Drop = 0.05 Ml.
Many eye drops are available in volumes sufficient to last about one month. Only one drop is enough to be instilled into the eye at a time and delivers the required dose. This is equal to about 61.6 μl (u.s.) or 59.2 μl (britain).
It Is Crucial To Set The Drip Rate.
When attempting to determine the drop volume of commercially available glaucoma medications, clinicians sometimes use the rule of thumb equation that every milliliter of medication will yield approximately twenty drops. A 5 ml bottle has 100 doses and a 10 ml bottle has 200 doses. We use the average of 30 drops.


Avoid unmaintainable code
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Avoid unmaintainable code
TypeName
AvoidUnmantainableCode
CheckId
CA1505
Category
Microsoft.Maintainability
Breaking Change
Non Breaking
A type or method has a low maintainability index value.
The maintainability index is calculated by using the following metrics: lines of code, program volume, and cyclomatic complexity. Program volume is a measure of the difficulty of understanding of a type or method that is based on the number of operators and operands in the code. Cyclomatic complexity is a measure of the structural complexity of the type or method.
A low maintainability index indicates that a type or method is probably difficult to maintain and would be a good candidate to redesign.
To fix this violation, redesign the type or method and try splitting it into smaller more focused types or methods.
Exclude this warning when a type or method is still considered maintainable despite its large size or when the type or method cannot be split up for some reason.
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© 2016 Microsoft


text:
B. Akakiev: Market size of isotope production will rise to US $ 8 billion by 2017
The global market of isotope production will reach about US $ 8 billion by 2017 with an average annual growth rate of 10.4%.
Currently, the market is estimated at US $ 4,8 billion, where medical products are 80% of its volume. Boris Akakiev, Acting General Director of JSC Isotope presented such information, speaking at the 1st International Business Conference for producers, suppliers and consumers of isotope production. According to him, 70% of isotope production consumer market is situated in North America and Western Europe. USA is considered to be the largest consumer, accounting for 50%.
According to B. Akakiev, the most part of isotope production, manufactured by Rosatom enterprises, is exported. Russia takes the leading position in the field of radiation technologies for a variety of products, in particular, Russia is the leader in the production of cesium-137, carbon-14, americium-241. Over the past 20 years, the Russian export isotope production increased six times. As explained B. Akakiev to Nuclear.Ru, growth happened because of "not the expense of raw materials, but by high-tech products - sources of radiation." He also specified that sales volume of JSC Isotope in 2011 amounted to about 1.6 billion rubles.


text:
"The Best Poster on the Advantages of Rainwater Harvesting"
The Raindrops Geneva Award is an art competition organised by the IRHA to promote Rainwater Harvesting and to increase public awareness on the importance of this topic.
For the fourth edition of this competition we looked for posters that illustrate the uses and/or benefits of rainwater harvesting.
The International Rainwater Harvesting Alliance is pleased to announce that the jury, chaired by Mr. Christian Rümelin (Chief Curator, Graphic Arts Department of the Arts and History Museum, Geneva) and made up of Mr. Jérôme Baratelli (Head, Visual Communication Department, HEAD Art & Design School, Geneva), Mr. André Klopmann (Vice Secretary, Chancellerie, Geneva), Mr. Alain Dick (IRHA, President) and Ms. Vessela Monta (IRHA, Executive Director), have now reached a decision and selected the three posters that best illustrate the uses and benefits of rainwater [cf. Rules of the Competition].
With over 750 submissions of very high quality entered from 77 different countries, selecting just three posters was not an easy task. All posters were reviewed carefully following a set of criteria specified in the Rules of the Competition and supplemented by the jury:
- The force and artistic value of the message, including technical and aesthetic considerations;
- The expression of the advantages of rainwater harvesting for mankind and nature;
- The pertinence of the presented experiences/examples of rainwater harvesting;
- The format: graphically speaking does this submission work as a poster.
The selection process was conducted as follows:
- All posters were saved anonymously* into one file.
- Out of all posters, 125 posters were preselected, using the above mentioned criteria. Any posters not matching the requirements stated in the Rules of the Competition were automatically excluded.
- The Jury discussed the remaining 125 posters: the jury reviewed the posters left in the competition and were able to reduce this figure by selecting those that stood out round after round. After long hours of debate, the overall number of 750 posters was reduced to just 15. It was decided that all 15 posters would be printed and presented at the Raindrops Geneva Awards 2013 Exhibition that will be held for a week on 21st March 2014 in the World Famous Courtyard of the Geneva Town Hall, with the support of the Republique et Canton de Genève.
- Selection of the three winning posters: A handful of posters clearly stood out and were voted on by the members of the jury. Each member of the jury was allowed three votes. The winning posters were those that received the majority of votes.
IRHA congratulates the following three winners:
1st Prize (1'000 CHF): Kateryna Korniienko-Heidtman for "Rainwater Use for Life"
2nd Prize (600 CHF): Eva Kay Norrington for "Smallest of Gestures"
3rd Prize (400 CHF): Jason Holmes for "0.3%".
The authors of the 13 posters shortlisted for the exhibition also deserve a huge congratulation:
- Nelu Wolfensohn for "Rain Drops, Life Drops"
- Francesca Reinero for "Rainwater is a free asset, use it"
- Anna Zima for "Life in every Drop"
- Pash Bolshakov for "The Perspective"
- Seyyedmehdi Mousavi for "Efficiency"
- David Walton for "Raindrops"
- Charlie O'Connell for "Rainwater Harvesting can turn your Life Around"
- Mikolaj Dobrucki for "Lower Price – Better Quality"
- Svetlana Tarasova for "Save Rainwater for your Washer"
- Tanya Krendel for "Raindrops create the Life Around Us"
- Zuzanna Chanska for "Water your Life with Rain"
- Marc Baker for "Baker_01".
[Photo Gallery of all 15 posters]
Finally, IRHA would like to say a special word of thank you to all the Arts Schools, Universities and Colleges who not only took part in the competition but fully integrated this contest into their syllabus.
With the Support of:
*All posters were kept anonymous throughout the selection process. The names of the authors of the three winning posters were revealed to the members of the jury only after the final selection had been made.
Click on the images below to download the relevant documents:
|Entry form||Rules of the Competition||Raindrops booklet|


Display (ArcObjects.NET 10.8 SDK)
Supported with:
 - Engine
 - ArcGIS for Desktop Basic
 - ArcGIS for Desktop Standard
 - ArcGIS for Desktop Advanced
 - Server
Library dependencies: Version, System, SystemUI, Geometry, GraphicsCore
Additional library information: Contents, Object Model Diagram
The Display library contains objects for the display of geographic information system (GIS) data. In addition to the main display objects that are responsible for the output of the image, the library contains objects that represent symbols and colors, controlling the properties of entities drawn on the display. The library also contains objects that provide you with visual feedback when interacting with the display.
See the following sections for more information about this namespace:
Display objects
The display objects abstract a drawing surface. A drawing surface is any hardware device, export file, or memory stream that can be represented by a Windows device context, such as printers, metafiles, bitmaps, and secondary windows. Each display manages its own DisplayTransformation object, which handles the conversion of coordinates from real-world space to device space and back. The following standard displays are provided:
 - ScreenDisplay - Display device associated with a normal application window. It implements scrolling, backing store (caches), and invalidation.
 - SimpleDisplay - Allows for all other devices that can be rendered using a Windows device context.
Display objects are shown in the following diagram:
Display objects allow you to draw graphics on a variety of output devices. These objects also allow you to render shapes stored in real-world coordinates to the screen, the printer, and export files. Application features, such as scrolling, backing store, print tiling, and printing to a frame can be easily implemented. If a desired behavior is not supported by the standard objects, custom objects can be created by implementing one or more of the standard display interfaces.
In general, you must have a device context to draw in Windows. The handle to a device context (HDC) defines the device on which you are drawing. In ArcObjects, a display is simply a wrapper for a Windows device context.
Use a SimpleDisplay component to draw on a printer, export file, or simple preview window. Specify the HDC to use to StartDrawing. This tells the display the window, printer, bitmap, or metafile on which to draw. The HDC is created outside ArcObjects using a Windows graphics device interface (GDI) function call.
Use a ScreenDisplay component to draw maps to the main window of your application. This class handles advanced application features such as display caching and scroll bars. Specify the HDC for the associated window to StartDrawing. Normally, this is the HDC that's returned when you call the Windows GDI BeginPaint function in your application's WM_PAINT handler. Alternatively, you can specify 0 as the HDC parameter for StartDrawing, and an HDC for the associated window is automatically created.
Typically, ScreenDisplay uses internal display caches to boost drawing performance. During a drawing sequence, output is directed to the active cache, and once per second the window (that is, the HDC specified to StartDrawing) is progressively updated from the active cache. To prevent progressive updates - for example, to update the window once when drawing has completed - specify the recording cache HDC (IScreenDisplay.CacheMemDC) to start drawing.
Use the IDisplay interface to draw points, lines, polygons, rectangles, and text on a device. Access to the Display object's DisplayTransformation object is provided by this interface.
For additional information, see the following topics:
The DisplayTransformation object defines how real-world coordinates are mapped to an output device. Three rectangles define the transformation. The Bounds property specifies the full extent in real-world coordinates. The VisibleBounds property specifies the extent that is currently visible, and the DeviceFrame property specifies where VisibleBounds appears on the output device. Since the aspect ratio of the DeviceFrame may not match the aspect ratio of the specified visible bounds, the transformation calculates the actual visible bounds that fit the device frame. This is called FittedBounds and is in real-world coordinates. All coordinates can be rotated around the center of the visible bounds by setting the transformation's Rotation property.
Display caching
The basic idea behind display caching is as follows: ScreenDisplay makes it possible for clients to create any number of caches (device-dependent bitmaps). When a cache is created, the client gets a cache ID. The ID is used to specify the active cache (the last argument of StartDrawing; that is, where output is directed), invalidate the cache, or draw the cache to a destination HDC. In addition to dynamic caches, ScreenDisplay also provides a recording cache that accumulates all drawing that happens on the display. Clients manage recording using the StartRecording and StopRecording methods.
The Map class is one of two classes (the other is the PageLayout class) through which ArcObjects implements caches. In the simplest case, Map creates one cache for all layers, an additional cache if there is annotation or graphics, and a third cache if there's a feature selection. It also records all output. (In addition to these caches, it's also possible for individual layers to request a private cache by returning true for their Cached property. If a layer requests a cache, Map creates a separate cache for the layer and groups the layers above and below it into different caches.) The IActiveView.PartialRefresh method uses its knowledge of the cache layout to invalidate as little as possible so that you can draw as much as possible from the cache. Given these caches, the following scenarios are possible:
 - Use the recording cache to redraw when the application is moved or exposed or when drawing, editing, or rubberbanding. This is very efficient since only one bitmap is needed.
 - Select a new set of features, and invalidate only the selection cache. Features draw from cache. Graphics and annotation draw from cache. Only the feature selection draws from scratch.
 - Move a graphic element or annotation over some features. Invalidate the annotation cache only. Features draw from cache. Feature selection draws from cache. Only the annotation draws from scratch.
 - Create a new kind of layer called a tracking layer. Always return true for its cached property. To show vehicle movement when new Global Positioning System (GPS) signals are received, move the markers in the layer and invalidate the tracking layer only. All other layers draw from cache. Only the vehicle layer draws from scratch. This makes it possible to animate a layer.
 - Create a base map by moving several layers into a group layer and setting the group layer's Cached property to true. Now you can edit and interact with layers that draw on top of the base map without redrawing the base map from scratch.
For additional information, see How to add display caching.
Understanding how rotation is implemented within the display objects is important since it affects all entities that are displayed. Rotation occurs below the transformation level so clients of DisplayTransformation always deal with un-rotated shapes. For example, when you get a shape back from one of the transform routines, it's in un-rotated space. Also, when you specify an extent to the transform, the extent is also in un-rotated space. When working with polygons, everything just works. Alternatively, rotated rectangles cannot be represented, so working with envelopes is more complicated.
For additional information, see the following topics:
Refresh versus invalidation
To cause a display to redraw, the invalidate routine must be called; however, most clients never use IScreenDisplay.Invalidate. If there is a view in your application (that is, the Map or PageLayout class), the view should be used for refreshing the screen (Refresh or PartialRefresh). The view manages the display's caches and knows the best way to carry out invalidation. Ensure PartialRefresh is called using the most specific arguments possible. Also, only call Refresh when absolutely necessary since it is usually a time consuming operation.
For additional information, see How to redraw the display.
Both symbols and images can use transparent colors. The transparency (alpha blend) algorithm is raster based. Vector drawing must first be converted to raster to support it. Transparent objects are drawn to a source bitmap. The background on which the objects are drawn must be stored in a background bitmap. Transparency is accomplished by blending the source bitmap into the background bitmap using either a single transparency value for all the bits or a mask bitmap containing transparency values for each individual pixel. To support transparency, IDisplay provides the BackgroundDC attribute that can be used to get a bitmap containing the drawing that has occurred in the current drawing sequence.
For additional information, see How to set layer transparency.
Design patterns
There are many ways to store and draw event data in your application. The most common methods are as follows:
 - Create a feature class and add and remove features as necessary. Use standard renderers or custom symbols to draw features. Draw above or below any other layers. Wrap with the feature layer that has its own display cache for best performance (that is, set ILayer.Cached to true).
 - Create a custom layer. Use either a proprietary database or a feature class to store features. Implement custom rendering in layer, that is, use the GDI directly. Draw above or below any other layers. Give feature layer its own display cache for best performance.
 - Create a graphics layer. Store data as graphic elements. Render using standard or custom symbols. Draw above all other layers.
 - Draw in response to IActiveViewEvents.AfterDraw. Store data in proprietary database. Draw directly using either GDI or IDisplay. Draw on top of everything else quickly. GPS extension uses this approach.
The three most common ways to store custom data


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IBinHunt: Binary Hunting with Inter-Procedural Control Flow Jiang Ming, Meng Pan, and Debin Gao College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
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Presentation on theme: "IBinHunt: Binary Hunting with Inter-Procedural Control Flow Jiang Ming, Meng Pan, and Debin Gao College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State."— Presentation transcript:
1 iBinHunt: Binary Hunting with Inter-Procedural Control Flow Jiang Ming, Meng Pan, and Debin Gao College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State University D'Crypt Pte Ltd School of Information Systems, Singapore Management University
2 Introduction Binary Hunting: automatically finding Semantic Differences in binary programs Need to capture Semantic Differences –Differences in functionality (input-output behavior) Syntactic Differences cause false positives –Differences in instructions –Register allocation –Basic-block reordering –Variables rename –….
3 An example: gzip Different instructions in two versions, but with the same semantics A patch with 5 lines of code All the 75 non-empty functions are changed xor eax, eaxand ebx, 0 1 Gzip Long File Name Buffer Overflow Vulnerability 1
4 Importance of Binary Hunting Security applications of binary hunting Finding security vulnerabilities with patched binary –"BinHunt: Automatically finding semantic differences in binary programs", ICICS 2008 Automatic patch-based exploit (1-day exploit ) generation –"Automatic Patch-Based Exploit Generation is Possible", IEEE S&P 2008 Software plagiarism detection –"GPLAG: detection of software plagiarism by program dependence graph analysis", KDD 2006 Adapting trained anomaly detectors to software patches –"Automatically adapting a trained anomaly detector to software patches", RAID 2009 Malware analysis –"Polymorphic worm detection using structural information of executables", RAID 2005 –"Large-scale malware indexing using function-call graphs", CCS 2009 …
5 Challenge Source code of binary files is not available Function name extracted from these binary files are unreliable Variety of obfuscation …… Latest solutions -- find similarity/difference in control flow structure rather than binary instructions –Resistant to "superficial" changes –Example: BinDiff, BinHunt, DarunGrim, SMIT
6 Intra-procedural control flow vs. Inter-procedural control flow Intra-procedural control flow –Most previous work focus on the intra- procedural control flow. –Sub-graph isomorphism problem is NP- complete. –Example: 96% of non-empty functions of thttpd have fewer than 30 basic blocks. –Graph isomorphism is practical in analyzing intra-procedural control flow Inter-procedural control flow –No function boundary –Huge graph with large size of nodes, where graph isomorphism is impractical –Example: thttpd-2.25 totally has more than 4,300 basic blocks. More than 4,000 candidate matchings for single basic block
7 Function Transformation Obfuscation Function transformation obfuscation is well-studied –Inlining functions –Outlining functions –Cloning functions –Interleaving functions Performing such obfuscation is simple and without intensive analysis of the binaries. 1 C. Collberg, C. Thomborson, and D. Low. A taxonomy of obfuscating transformations. Technical Report 148, Department of Computer Sciences, The University of Auckland, July Inlining and outlining transformations 1
8 Advanced control flow obfuscation Control flow flattening –"Protection of software-based survivability mechanisms", DSN 2001 –"An Approach to the Obfuscation of Control- Flow of Sequential Computer Programs" ， ISC 2001 Redirecting control-flow with exceptions –"Binary Obfuscation Using Signals", USENIX Security 2007 – "binOb+: a framework for potent and stealthy binary obfuscation" ， AsiaCCS 2010 Function boundary information (Intra-procedural control flow) is not reliable !
9 Overview of iBinHunt iBinHunt: Binary Diffing with Inter-Procedural Control Flow Graphs iBinHunt provides practical solutions to large number of basic block matchings –Dynamic Tainting: Monitor the execution of the two binary programs under a common input and use taint analysis to record all basic blocks involved in the processing of the input. –Deep taint: assign different taint tags to various parts of the input; only basic blocks from two binary programs that are marked with the same taint tags are considered matching candidates ( a reduction factor of up to 74% ). –Basic block comparison: symbolic execution is first used to represent outputs of the basic blocks with their input symbols, and a theorem prover is then used to check if the outputs from the two basic block are semantically equivalent. –Automatic input generation: increases the coverage of tainted basic blocks by automatically generating inputs that result in different execution traces.
10 Deep taint for basic block comparison Inter-Procedural Control Flow Graphs Deep taint execution trace Deep Taint Basic block comparison
11 An example: thttpd Input and its taint tag colors Dynamic execution traces with Deep taint
12 Basic Blocks comparison Symbolic execution and theorem proving –Use symbolic execution to represent final values of outputs (registers and variables) –Use a theorem prover to test if the outputs of two basic blocks are always the same given the same inputs Context aware –the permutation of outputs of the equivalent basic blocks is the permutation of inputs of the successor blocks. Obtain the matching strength based on the result from the theorem
13 Basic block matching we need to consider two other groups of blocks for finding matched blocks. Blocks are not semantically equivalent but with the same taint tags Blocks are not tainted but on the dynamic execution trace They could very likely be the differences between the two programs that iBinHunt is trying to locate. E.g., BB_13232 and BB_16184 are the location of binary difference Due to various reasons including limitations of taint analysis, not directly processing program inputs (e.g., signal processing), etc.
14 Matching Strength Basic blocks B 1 and B 2 are considered matched to one another if B 1 and B 2 have the same taint tags (possibly non-tainted) and B 1 and B 2 are semantically equivalent (evaluated by symbolic execution and a theorem proving); or a predecessor of B 1 and a predecessor of B 2 match; or a successor of B 1 and a successor of B 2 match. predecessor successor
15 Automatic Input Generation Symbolic ExecutionConcrete Execution Symbolic Formula Initial Input: GET index.html HTTP/1.1 Host:. Constraint Solver (STP) New Input
16 Evaluation We applied iBinHunt to find semantic differences in several versions of thttpd and gzip. There are two main aspects on which we want to evaluate: – Efficiency: how many basic blocks can be matched under our definition of matching strength, how many matchings are identified by deep taint, and how long it takes to find these matchings. – Accuracy: confirm these differences by comparing them to the ground truth (program source code). Different versions of thttpd and gzip (number of lines changed / total number of lines) thttpd c / / / /7271 gzip / / /4841
17 Matching basic blocks We evaluate: Matched basic blocks that are semantically the same; Matched ones that are not semantically equivalent but have both a predecessor and a successor matched; Basic blocks are not semantically equivalent but have either a predecessor or a successor matched. The time taken by input generation and deep taint;
18 Effectiveness of deep taint Results show that more than 34% and 67% of the matched basic blocks in thttpd and gzip contain the same taint tags. – a large number of these matchings do contain the same taint tags; – even though many basic blocks are not tainted by our limited number of program inputs, their neighbors are tainted in most cases and the tainted neighbors help matchings to be identified. Percentage of matched basic blocks with the same taint representation thttpd c %38.2%39.9%37.4% gzip %72.2%72.6%
19 Accuracy BB_1371 from thttpd-2.19 should match with BB_1689 in thttpd-2.25, both of which deal with the "-i" argument. However, BB_1687 in thttpd-2.25 also contains the same (type of) instructions, which confuses the binary diffing tool in the matching.
20 Discussions Limitations –The power of iBinHunt is limited by the non-perfect basic block coverage. –In our experiments with thttpd and gzip, some basic blocks are not covered even if we continue to generate new program inputs –Performance Future work –More optimization on the code to improve efficiency. –Parallelizing Dynamic Taint Tracking –More in-depth binary difference analysis, in which (part of) the programs are only semantically equivalent on certain subset of the inputs.
21 Conclusion Introduce function obfuscation attacks in existing binary diffing tools that analyze intra-procedural control flow of programs. Propose a novel binary diffing tool called iBinHunt which analyzes the inter-procedural control flow. iBinHunt makes use of a novel technique called deep taint.
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Seed cycling during pregnancy
Visitors have accessed this post 81 times.
 "Seed cycling during pregnancy"
Introduction Seed cycling is a practice that involves consuming a combination of specific seeds at different times of the menstrual cycle to support hormone balance. It has gained popularity as a natural remedy for hormonal imbalances, menstrual irregularities, and infertility. However, the benefits of seed cycling are not limited to women who are trying to conceive. In fact, seed cycling can also be beneficial for pregnant women.

Uses of seed cycling
During pregnancy, hormonal fluctuations occur as the body adjusts to support the developing foetus. This can lead to various symptoms such as nausea, fatigue, and mood swings. Seed cycling can help support hormone balance during pregnancy and alleviate these symptoms.

Two phases
Seed cycling involves consuming specific seeds during the two phases of the menstrual cycle, •the follicular phase
 - and the luteal phase.
Follicular phase,
 During the follicular phase, which begins on the first day of menstruation and lasts for about 14 days, women are advised to consume a mixture of flax seeds and pumpkin seeds. Flax seeds are rich in lignans, which have been shown to support oestrogen balance, while pumpkin seeds are a good source of zinc, which is essential for progesterone synthesis.

Luteal phase,
During the luteal phase, which begins after ovulation and lasts for about 14 days until the start of the next menstrual cycle, women are advised to consume a mixture of sesame seeds and sunflower seeds. Sesame seeds are rich in lignans and phytosterols, which have been shown to support progesterone balance, while sunflower seeds are a good source of vitamin E, which is essential for hormonal health.

During pregnancy, the menstrual cycle is suspended, and the hormonal fluctuations are regulated by the placenta. However, the principles of seed cycling still apply as the body still requires a balance of oestrogen and progesterone to support the developing foetus.
When to consume and why?
During the first trimester of pregnancy, women are advised to continue consuming the seed mixture for the follicular phase, which includes flax seeds and pumpkin seeds. This is because the developing foetus requires a high level of oestrogen to support its growth and development. Flax seeds, which are rich in lignans, can help support oestrogen balance during this phase.

During the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, women are advised to switch to the seed mixture for the luteal phase, which includes sesame seeds and sunflower seeds. This is because the developing foetus requires a high level of progesterone to support its growth and development. Sesame seeds, which are rich in lignans and phytosterols, can help support progesterone balance during this phase.

It is important to note that seed cycling should not replace medical advice or treatment. Women who are pregnant should always consult with their healthcare provider before starting any new dietary or health regimen, including seed cycling.

In conclusion,
 Seed cycling can be a beneficial practice for pregnant women to support hormone balance and alleviate pregnancy-related symptoms. By consuming a combination of specific seeds at different times of the pregnancy, women can support the healthy growth and development of the foetus while maintaining their own hormonal health.

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n3
 the number of elements in the 3nd dimension
 n4
 the number of elements in the 4th dimension
 n5
 the number of elements in the 5th dimension
 elem
 the element computation
 33. def fill[T](n1: Int, n2: Int, n3: Int, n4: Int)(elem: ⇒ T)(implicit arg0: ClassTag[T]): Array[Array[Array[Array[T]]]]
 Returns a four-dimensional array that contains the results of some element computation a number of times.
 Returns a four-dimensional array that contains the results of some element computation a number of times.
 n1
 the number of elements in the 1st dimension
 n2
 the number of elements in the 2nd dimension
 n3
 the number of elements in the 3nd dimension
 n4
 the number of elements in the 4th dimension
 elem
 the element computation
 34. def fill[T](n1: Int, n2: Int, n3: Int)(elem: ⇒ T)(implicit arg0: ClassTag[T]): Array[Array[Array[T]]]
 Returns a three-dimensional array that contains the results of some element computation a number of times.
 Returns a three-dimensional array that contains the results of some element computation a number of times.
 n1
 the number of elements in the 1st dimension
 n2
 the number of elements in the 2nd dimension
 n3
 the number of elements in the 3nd dimension
 elem
 the element computation
 35. def fill[T](n1: Int, n2: Int)(elem: ⇒ T)(implicit arg0: ClassTag[T]): Array[Array[T]]
 Returns a two-dimensional array that contains the results of some element computation a number of times.
 Returns a two-dimensional array that contains the results of some element computation a number of times.
 n1
 the number of elements in the 1st dimension
 n2
 the number of elements in the 2nd dimension
 elem
 the element computation
 36. def fill[T](n: Int)(elem: ⇒ T)(implicit arg0: ClassTag[T]): Array[T]
 Returns an array that contains the results of some element computation a number of times.
 Returns an array that contains the results of some element computation a number of times.
 Note that this means that elem is computed a total of n times:
 scala> Array.fill(3){ math.random }
 res3: Array[Double] = Array(0.365461167592537, 1.550395944913685E-4, 0.7907242137333306)
 n
 the number of elements desired
 elem
 the element computation
 returns
 an Array of size n, where each element contains the result of computing elem.
 37. def finalize(): Unit
 Called by the garbage collector on the receiver object when there are no more references to the object.
 Called by the garbage collector on the receiver object when there are no more references to the object.
 The details of when and if the finalize method is invoked, as well as the interaction between finalize and non-local returns and exceptions, are all platform dependent.
 Attributes
 protected[lang]
 Definition Classes
 AnyRef
 Annotations
 @throws( classOf[java.lang.Throwable] )
 Note
 not specified by SLS as a member of AnyRef
 38. final def getClass(): Class[_]
 Returns the runtime class representation of the object.
 Returns the runtime class representation of the object.
 returns
 a class object corresponding to the runtime type of the receiver.
 Definition Classes
 AnyRef → Any
 Annotations
 @native()
 39. def hashCode(): Int
 The hashCode method for reference types.
 The hashCode method for reference types. See hashCode in scala.Any.
 returns
 the hash code value for this object.
 Definition Classes
 AnyRef → Any
 Annotations
 @native()
 40. final def isInstanceOf[T0]: Boolean
 Test whether the dynamic type of the receiver object is T0.
 Test whether the dynamic type of the receiver object is T0.
 Note that the result of the test is modulo Scala's erasure semantics. Therefore the expression 1.isInstanceOf[String] will return false, while the expression List(1).isInstanceOf[List[String]] will return true. In the latter example, because the type argument is erased as part of compilation it is not possible to check whether the contents of the list are of the specified type.
 returns
 true if the receiver object is an instance of erasure of type T0; false otherwise.
 Definition Classes
 Any
 41. def iterate[T](start: T, len: Int)(f: (T) ⇒ T)(implicit arg0: ClassTag[T]): Array[T]
 Returns an array containing repeated applications of a function to a start value.
 Returns an array containing repeated applications of a function to a start value.
 start
 the start value of the array
 len
 the number of elements returned by the array
 f
 the function that is repeatedly applied
 returns
 the array returning len values in the sequence start, f(start), f(f(start)), ...
 42. final def ne(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean
 Equivalent to !(this eq that).
 Equivalent to !(this eq that).
 returns
 true if the argument is not a reference to the receiver object; false otherwise.
 Definition Classes
 AnyRef
 43. def newBuilder[T](implicit t: ClassTag[T]): ArrayBuilder[T]
 Returns a new scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuilder.
 44. final def notify(): Unit
 Wakes up a single thread that is waiting on the receiver object's monitor.
 Wakes up a single thread that is waiting on the receiver object's monitor.
 Definition Classes
 AnyRef
 Annotations
 @native()
 Note
 not specified by SLS as a member of AnyRef
 45. final def notifyAll(): Unit
 Wakes up all threads that are waiting on the receiver object's monitor.
 Wakes up all threads that are waiting on the receiver object's monitor.
 Definition Classes
 AnyRef
 Annotations
 @native()
 Note
 not specified by SLS as a member of AnyRef
 46. def ofDim[T](n1: Int, n2: Int, n3: Int, n4: Int, n5: Int)(implicit arg0: ClassTag[T]): Array[Array[Array[Array[Array[T]]]]]
 Creates a 5-dimensional array
 47. def ofDim[T](n1: Int, n2: Int, n3: Int, n4: Int)(implicit arg0: ClassTag[T]): Array[Array[Array[Array[T]]]]
 Creates a 4-dimensional array
 48. def ofDim[T](n1: Int, n2: Int, n3: Int)(implicit arg0: ClassTag[T]): Array[Array[Array[T]]]
 Creates a 3-dimensional array
 49. def ofDim[T](n1: Int, n2: Int)(implicit arg0: ClassTag[T]): Array[Array[T]]
 Creates a 2-dimensional array
 50. def ofDim[T](n1: Int)(implicit arg0: ClassTag[T]): Array[T]
 Creates array with given dimensions
 51. def range(start: Int, end: Int, step: Int): Array[Int]
 Returns an array containing equally spaced values in some integer interval.
 Returns an array containing equally spaced values in some integer interval.
 start
 the start value of the array
 end
 the end value of the array, exclusive (in other words, this is the first value not returned)
 step
 the increment value of the array (may not be zero)
 returns
 the array with values in start, start + step, ... up to, but excluding end
 52. def range(start: Int, end: Int): Array[Int]
 Returns an array containing a sequence of increasing integers in a range.
 Returns an array containing a sequence of increasing integers in a range.
 start
 the start value of the array
 end
 the end value of the array, exclusive (in other words, this is the first value not returned)
 returns
 the array with values in range start, start + 1, ..., end - 1 up to, but excluding, end.
 53. final def synchronized[T0](arg0: ⇒ T0): T0
 Definition Classes
 AnyRef
 54. def tabulate[T](n1: Int, n2: Int, n3: Int, n4: Int, n5: Int)(f: (Int, Int, Int, Int, Int) ⇒ T)(implicit arg0: ClassTag[T]): Array[Array[Array[Array[Array[T]]]]]
 Returns a five-dimensional array containing values of a given function over ranges of integer values starting from 0.
 Returns a five-dimensional array containing values of a given function over ranges of integer values starting from 0.
 n1
 the number of elements in the 1st dimension
 n2
 the number of elements in the 2nd dimension
 n3
 the number of elements in the 3rd dimension
 n4
 the number of elements in the 4th dimension
 n


text:
Torn pages are very common in well-used books such as these textbooks and Sunday school books. If a small tear is left unmended, it can easily become a larger tear or even a loss (when a piece of the page goes missing). Paper repair for special collections materials is done with very thin Japanese paper and wheat starch paste. Paste is the preferred adhesive because it is water soluble. If the repair should ever have to be undone, it can easily be removed in water. When completed, the repair should be almost invisible.
This page was extremely fragile and there were large voids. These were filled with a thin Japanese paper to support what was left of the original.
Knowles, James D. (James Davis), _PHONE_
Life of Mrs. Ann H. Judson, late missionary to Burmah ; with an account of the American Baptist mission to that empire.
Philadelphia, American Sunday School Union, 1830
Description: 266 p., front. (port.) plates 15 cm.
Many of the pages in this book were stained with an oil-like substance. In the worst affected areas, the paper has actually been eaten away. Removing the stains may be impossible, but the paper can be washed and then reinforced with Japanese paper to stop further damage.
Prescott, A. B. (Albert Benjamin), _PHONE_
First book in qualitative chemistry
New York : D. Van Nostrand, 1892.
Edition 7th ed., rev.
QD83.P74 1892
Description: 162, p. ; 19 cm.
White, Emerson E. (Emerson Elbridge), _PHONE_
A new complete arithmetic : uniting oral and written exercises
New York : American Book Co., c1883.
QA103.W63 1883b
Description: 362 p. : ill. ; 19 cm.
When the pages of a book look like this, there is bound to be some damage to the textblock. In this case, the book needs extensive paper repair and to be resewn.
Many of the pages had been torn from the textblock. After the book is disbound, the pages will be repaired so they can be sewn again.
The last several pages of the book were extensively damaged and missing large sections.
Many of these school books have scribbles and doodles from their original owners. While surface dirt is removed from soiled pages, such marking are not removed since they are part of the provenance of the volume.
When the original endsheets are missing, a new, acid-free sheet is inserted to help protect the textblock.
What the last few torn and tattered pages look like after being repaired.
A view of the resewn book opened to reveal repairs on the page as well as in the "gutter", along the spine where the book is sewn.


Master JavaScript Regular Expressions
Written by Ian Elliot
Friday, 28 September 2012
Article Index
Master JavaScript Regular Expressions
Quantify
Groups
Lookahead capture
Lookahead Capture
There are two lookahead captures.
Zero-width positive lookahead assertion
(?=regex)
This continues the match only if the regex matches on the immediate right of the current position but doesn't capture the regex or backtrack if it fails.
For example,
\w+(?=\d)
only matches a word ending in a digit but the digit is not included in the match.
That is it matches Paris9 but returns Paris as capture 0. In other words, you can use it to assert a pattern that must follow a matched subexpression.
Zero-width negative lookahead assertion
(?!regex)
This works like the positive lookahead assertion but the regex has to fail to match on the immediate right. For example:
\w+(?!\d)
only matches a word that doesn't have a trailing digit. That is, it matches Paris but not Paris9.
Replacements
So far we have created regular expressions with the idea that we can use them to test that a string meets a specification or to extract a substring.
These are the two conventional uses of regular expressions. However you can also use them to perform some very complicated string editing and rearrangements.
The whole key to this idea is that you can use the captures as part of the specified replacement string. The only slight problem is that the substitution strings use a slightly different syntax to a regular expression.
The replace method is a String function and it accepts a RegExp object to specify the match :
String.replace(RegExp,substitution)
simply takes every match of the associated regular expression and performs the substitution specified. Notice that it performs the substitution on the first match and the result returned is the entire string with the substitution made.
For example, if we define the regular expression:
var ex1= /(ISBN|ISBN-13)/;
and apply the following replacement:
var ans="ISBN: 978-_PHONE_".
 replace(ex1,"ISBN-13");
then the ISBN suffix will be replaced by ISBN-13. Notice that an ISBN-13 suffix will also be replaced by ISBN-13 so making all ISBN strings consistent.
This is easy enough to follow and works well as long as you have defined your regular expression precisely enough.
More sophisticated is the use of capture groups within the substitution string.
You can use:
$n
or
$nn
to refer to capture group n. There are a range of other substitution strings but these are fairly obvious in use:
 - $$ insert $
 - $& the complete matched string
 - $' the portion of the string before the match
 - $' the portion of the string after the match
As an example of how this all works consider the problem of converting a US format date to a European format date i.e. to change mm/dd/yyyy to dd/mm/yyyy
First we need a regular expression to match the mm/dd/yyyy format:
var ex1=/(\d{1,2})\/(\d{1,2})\/(\d{4})/;
This isn't a particularly sophisticated regular expression but we have allowed one or two digits for the month and day numbers but insisted on four for the year number. You can write a more interesting and flexible regular expression for use with real data. Notice that we have three capture groups corresponding to month, day and year.
To create a European style date all we have to do assemble the capture groups in the correct order in a substitution string:
ans="10/2/2012".replace(ex1,"$2/$1/$3");
This substitutes the day, month and year capture groups in place of the entire matched string, i.e. the original date.
Avoid overuse
Regular expressions are addictive in a way that can ultimately be unproductive.
It isn't worth spending days crafting a single regular expression that matches all variations on a string when building one or two simpler alternatives and using a wider range of string operations would do the same job as well if not as neatly.
Resist the temptation to write regular expressions that you only just understand and always make sure you test them with strings that go well outside of the range of inputs that you consider correct – greedy matching and backtracking often result in the acceptance of a wider range of strings that was originally intended.
If you take care, however, regular expressions are a very powerful way of processing and transforming text without the need to move to a complete syntax analysis package.
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What small towns are worth visiting in the Baltic states?
What small towns are worth visiting in the Baltic states?
Baltic Small Towns
From Vilna Gaon's Kėdainiai to elegant Cesis, here are 21 of the loveliest small towns in the Baltics. Discover more towns on our Baltic Trilogy Tour
In this article, I am going to discuss a few reasons why it is worth visiting these small towns.
To begin with, Palanga is about sandy beaches and dunes, sea bridge, fresh iodine filled air, botanical garden and an amber museum in it. In addition to that, it's about numerous cafes and restaurants with tasty food, such as beet soup with sour cream. Therefore, Palanga is a good place to explore Baltic cuisine.
Anykščiai is a town famous in Lithuania for its boulder. According to the scientists, the "stone" was brought here by glaciers between 14000 to 20000 years ago. It is the main landmark in the town. Above all, the sculptor Bronius Pundzius engraved in the stone faces and the last will of Lithuanian pilots who crossed the Atlantic ocean on their plane "Lituanica".
Certainly, Druskininkai is a well-known spa town in the very southern tip of Lithuania. The name of the town implies this, as druska means "salt". It was first mentioned at the end of the 16th century, popular in the Soviet Union. Pine forests are, literally, in the town. The river is there. It was a popular Sanatoria spot during Soviet times and transformed into a spa town in modern times. A good idea is a day tour to Grodno, which is right on the other side of the border
Panoramic view of Neman river in winter in Druskininkai
Panoramic view Druskininkai
Birštonas is a true balneological resort located within the boundaries of a Nemunas Loop Regional Park. It is known for its mineral waters. It was mentioned already in the 14th century as a place of "salty waters". River Nemunas makes a loop around the town so there is a feeling of being around the water. Most importantly, Birstonas is not far from the capital of Lithuania Vilnius and at the same time from Kaunas.
To begin with, Raudondvaris lies on the Nevėžis River, just 10 kilometers from Kaunas Raudondvaris boasts a beautiful basilica of St. Theresa, museum, parks, and iconic tombstones from the powerful Tyszkiewicz family.
To continue with, Raudondvaris is also home to an elegant Manor Castle and accompanying gardens, stables, and orangery. The powerful Radziwiłł family built it in the year 1615, the palace was once known for its fine arts collection, which included paintings by Da Vinci, Caravaggio, Rubens, and others.
Kėdainiai is a charming town that maintains much of its old atmosphere from the 17th century. Its rich Jewish heritage is still evident in remnants of synagogues and a Jewish cemetery. Kėdainiai is relatively close to a Kaunas airport. For some reason, it's often overlooked by tourists–but not by Jerulita Travel. On our tour through Lithuania, we introduce you to the town's beautiful market square and the wooden St. Juozapo Church.
A favorite spot for many beachgoers and summer vacationers, Nida is one of the most idyllic towns along the Curonian Spit. With its thick forests, an impressive stretch of sand dunes, and a stunning lagoon, Nida makes for a perfect summer getaway.
Moreover, Nida as the whole Neringa is Unesco world heritage place. Neringa is a unique region within Lithuania. A good idea for a day tour from Nida is to cross the border and visit a Russian part of a Curonian Spit.
Daugavpils is the second largest city in Latvia after Ryga. Historically, on a railway crossroad between Warsaw and St. Petersburg, as well as Ryga and Minsk.
There is a Daugavpils fortress. The Russian Tsar Alexander I decided to build it in 1810, anticipating Napoleon's invasion. Last but not least, the city boasts multicultural history, as the city had a significant population of Jews, Belarussians, Russians, and Poles.
West of Riga is Sabile, a small town that boasts to be the northernmost outdoor vineyard in the world. This is recorded in the Guinness Book of Records. Due to the southward facing slopes, vineyards became a reality here. Sabile's wine traditions started yet in the 16th century. If you're lucky enough to visit in July, be sure to stop by the annual Wine Festival.
It is also the place where you'll find the Open-Air Museum at Pedale Manor, created by famed Latvian sculptor Ojars Feldbergs.
Sigulda lies on the southern part of the Gauja National Park. Firstly, Turaida Castle is a must visit place, which is on the other side of the Gauja river from the town's center. Livonians built the castle yet in the 13th century. From the Turaida Castle, there is a perfect view on the river and the Gauja National Park.
Funicular in Sigulda, Latvia
Funicular in Sigulda, Latvia
The westernmost Latvian city on the Baltic sea boasts sandy beaches. It is the 3rd largest city in the country and provides a truly Baltic experience. There are many churches museums and other monuments, Art Nouveau buildings. Because there were many industrial sites during Soviet times, there is loads of Soviet architecture as well. Nowadays, known for its coffee and beer brewery.
Liepaja sea shore
Liepaja sea shore
One of the easternmost towns not only in Latvia but the European Union in general, a heart of a historical Latgale region with its own language dialect. It is an important stop on a railway between Ryga and Moscow. You could still find many wooden houses in the town, such as a Green Synagogue and St.Nicholas Old-Believers Church. Latgales Mara is one of the most known statues in the whole Latvia.
In addition, Raznas National park with its stunning nature and lakes is close to the town.
Full of fascinating historical sites, castle and natural wonders, Cesis is a must-see for any visitor to Latvia. You could easily spend a whole day touring the regions outdoors. In the town, medieval remnants abound, from the 13th-century St. John's Church to the ruins of Cesis Castle, once held by the Livonian Order and now home to the Cesis History Museum. Above all, Cesis is located in the very middle of the Gauja National Park.
Ludza is Latvia's oldest known town, mentioned as far back as the 10th century. The once-great Ludza Castle was the far eastern outpost of the Livonian Border and served as a crossroads and trading post. After the dissolution of a Livonian Order, it became part of a Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Most importantly, Ludza History Museum and its open-air exposition invite to learn the history of the region.
The small town of Alatskivi is something out a fairytale, with the fine Gothic Alatskivi Castle. You'll also find the romantic Alatskivi Lake in the town, which makes a cozy natural setting. What is more, Lake Peipus, the fifth largest in all of Europe is within a walking or cycling distance from the town.
The small town of Keila is easily overlooked by visitors, but the ancient village has been in the northwestern corner of Latvia ever since the 10th century. Nature lovers might find wonders in the million-year-old limestone, the Keila River, and the marvelous waterfalls that simply shouldn't be missed.
Waterfalls in Keila
Waterfalls in Keila
Quiet and peaceful Saaremaa Island is one of the most beloved regions in all of Estonia. Here, the city of Kuressaare, which is a "capital city" of the island is home to Kuressaare Castle, erected in 1380 and now home to one of the largest and most popular museums in the country.
Folk has spoken of the healing seawaters of Haapsalu for hundreds of years. This quiet town avoids the bustle of many resort towns yet retains its charming, pleasant atmosphere. The area is also home to a picturesque castle and old town, which makes for a very photogenic weekend getaway. Most importantly, the town is famous since the times of the Russian Empire due to its muds. Mud spas are still operating..
National symphony orchestra on Haapsalu Tchaikovsky Festival
Haapsalu Tchaikovsky Festival 2019
To continue with, a small but ancient town in Estonia. The castle dates back to the 13th century.Viljandi is on the shore of the picturesque Lake Viljandi. A popular attraction is exploring the lake on the boat or kayaking. In addition, Viljandi Folk Music Festival takes place each July. Last but not least, Hanseatic days remind once powerful commercial, trade, and defensive union of the northern European towns. Symbolically, visitors can buy and sell traditional goods during Hanseatic days.
Narva is a town in eastern


13 Things to Check if Land Title is Authentic or Fake
It is everybody's knowledge that documents can easily be faked in the Philippines. From birth certificates to college diplomas, such materials can quickly be passed off as exact copies.
It has been well-known not just in the country, but also overseas. Workers from the Philippines lead in the number of submitted bogus documents in Saudi Arabia that POEA has been reminding job applicants to use genuine materials.
In the property sector, there are regulations in place to deter scammers who prey on legitimate property owners; there are still cases reported where property buyers are lured into buying lots but receive a fake certificate of land titles. Part of the problem is that buyers are unaware of the tell-tale signs of a phony document being presented to them. As an example, a news release by Inquirer told early 2015 about the arrest of members of a syndicate engaged in sale and mortgage of fake titles.
Before you could get trapped by similar bogus sellers, Ms. Ruby Valdez, a land registration examiner from the Land Registration Authority of the Philippines, advises on the following quick-check items to verify if a document is fake or genuine.
Physical appearance of land title
 1. The paper used for an authentic certificate of land titles is of a special kind and supplied by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas. Hence, its texture is different from those commercially available papers.
 2. The texture of the genuine title is similar to that of a bank check.
 3. It has a watermark that says, "LRA."
 4. The color of an old version of the title is light yellow, while that of an e-title is pale straw.
 5. When subjected to UV light, tiny fibers in the paper emit a small fluorescent effect.
Text characteristics
 1. "Judicial Form No. 108-D" appears on top of an Original Certificate of Title.
 2. "Judicial Form No. 109-D" appears on top of a Transfer Certificate of Title.
 3. Serial numbers are printed in red color while the owner's duplicate should display black digits.
 4. The last two digits of the page number in the upper right-hand side should correspond to the last two digits of the TCT number.
 6. For e-Titles, all entries should be computer encoded and printed, unlike the old versions which were manually type-written
 7. The seal on the lower left-hand side should be dark red and does not blot when a little water check is done.
 8. Signatures:
 - for Judicial OCT, it should have two names present – the Administrator and the Registrar, while for TCT, only the name of the Registrar is current.
 - For Administrative Titles: one signature from a PENRO or CENRO officer and another from the registrar.
Having these preliminary tests should give you an idea of the type of document you are receiving: original or fake. If you have verified from the above list that the text appears genuine, it does not mean it is 100% authentic. You need to confirm with relevant agencies such as the Land Registration Authority, the Registry of Deeds, or the nearest local and municipal offices to the property location.
Although the step is straightforward and the amount of time to invest in verifying this document's authenticity is barely a minute, it is not a guarantee the certificate of land title is genuine. A modern and convenient way to secure your ownership is through e-titles.
Why you should consider converting your paper titles to e-titles
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text:
I an using a book which is teaching me how to use various App Inventor tools. When I produce a list, the items are each surrounded by inverted commas, but examples in the book have no inverted commas. I am following the instructions closely but can't get the inverted commas to disappear.
Can anyone help, please?
You mean, your list looks like something like this?
Have you tried this?
probably you are talking about the show list as json property?
you can deactivate it in the Screen properties...
you might want to provide a screenshot of the list, so we can better understand, what you are talking about...
Trying to push the limits! Snippets, Tutorials and Extensions from Pura Vida Apps by Taifun.
@william632, please provide a screenshot / photo of the list you are talking about.
Probably you are setting the text of a component to a list.
Here's a screenshot. In the example in Mike McGrath's book, there are no inverted commas.
I don't mean commas - I mean speech marks.
Here is a photo of how it appears in the book:
Did you apply the Tajfun advice and you deselected the property "ShowListAsJson" in the properties of Screen1?
Don't give strange or wrong answers. There is a feature in Screen1 that Tajfun mentioned. It is enough to uncheck this property.
And to better understand see below image. You can see the how lists are shown when ShowListsAsJson is ckecked or not. Most probably the book you are reading was written using an earlier version of MIT App Inventor
Genius! Thank you so much. Now, why couldn't Mike McGrath have mentioned that in his book?
This is probably why:
AppInventor is growing. Written books no longer ...
Thank you. The book, "Building Android Apps" is second addition and covers App Inventor 2.
Thank you to everyone who responded to my query. Very much appreciated.
See all releases from 2013 and changes to App Inventor 2
AI2 has been around for several years and a lot has changed since then. New components have been added, new properties have been added.
Thank you - my edition is dated 2014 - in computing terms, a long time ago!
Thank you - useful to know.
This topic was automatically closed 7 days after the last reply. New replies are no longer allowed.


text:
They Themselves Were Fully at Rest 15X38 Pastel on paper
This work reflects a satellite image of a summer algea bloom in Milford Lake resevoir, Kansas. The text contains many references to Walt Whitman's poem When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd, including the title of the artwork, found in Section 15 of Whitman's verse. Read the poem in full on the Poetry Foundation's website.
I saw battle-corpses, myriads of them,
And the white skeletons of young men, I saw them,
I saw the debris and debris of all the slain soldiers of the war,
But I saw they were not as was thought,
They themselves were fully at rest, they suffer'd not,
The living remain'd and suffer'd