Do I Eat With Gauze In Mouth After Extraction?
Hand written by Dr David Chen, an actively practicing dentist and avid writer. #doctorswrite
You've finally made it home after your tooth extraction or wisdom teeth removal. Although you did have to make a detour to the pharmacy to pick up the prescriptions. It's about time for you to take your medications and it's not a good idea to take it on an empty stomach.
girl eating mcdonalds french fries
However, you're still biting on gauze because your dentist told you to keep using it until it stopped bleeding. It hasn't stopped yet so what are you supposed to do with the gauze?
Should you just eat with gauze in the mouth? Do you also drink with the gauze in the mouth as well? Well, what do you do because you need to take the prescriptions and you're hungry too.
What to do with gauze while eating
Prior to eating anything, you should take the gauze out of your mouth before you do so. After you finish eating you can place a new piece of gauze back into your mouth. The old piece that you took out should be discarded in the waste bin because it is full of blood from the extraction.
Reasons for removing the gauze:
 - Easier to eat. Keeping the gauze in your mouth makes it very difficult to chew. You're literally trying to do two opposing things at the same time. For the gauze you need to stay biting down while for chewing you need to constantly open and close.
 - More hygienic. If you eat with the gauze in the mouth, it will trap a lot of food in it by the end of the meal. If you bite back down into the gauze that is full of food, you'll be pushing the food into the extraction socket. That sounds like a recipe for food getting stuck in the extraction hole.
 - Tastes better. That gauze which you've been biting on for a while is most likely saturated with blood. Eating with it at the same time will not taste very good.
In summary, it is simply more practical to take the gauze out of your mouth from the tooth extraction before you eat. It really doesn't make a lot of sense to keep it in your mouth while you're trying to chew food.
With that being said, it does call into question why you're even asking this question to begin with. We answered because you asked but, it doesn't make a lot of sense as to why you're trying to eat when you still need to use gauze.
You're not ready to eat if you still need gauze
If you're still biting on gauze it means that the bleeding from the extraction hasn't stopped yet. That probably means that you shouldn't be eating yet because you're not ready for it.
Taking into account how long the numbness lasts and how long it takes for the bleeding to stop, you really shouldn't be eating yet!
 - The local anesthesia lasts for about an additional 2-3 hours even after the extraction is completed. Although just as a disclaimer, some of our patients have been numb for even longer than that, 4-6 hours even!
 - It also takes about 3 hours of biting on gauze before the socket stops bleeding.
Essentially, the timing for how long to bite on gauze and for when the numbness wears away actually coincide. You should know better than to try eating while you're still numb from the anesthesia. There are detrimental side effects if you eat before the anesthesia wears off.
Consequences of eating while still numb:
 - Bite your lip
 - Bite your cheek
 - Bite your tongue
 - Can burn yourself from hot foods
What we're trying to say is that if you're still using gauze, you're probably still numb. That means you're not permitted to eat yet. You might as well wait for the numbness to wear off and to stop using gauze before you have a meal. It'll be more enjoyable as well since it won't taste like a black and blue steak from all that blood mixing into your food!
What to do with gauze while drinking
After your extraction, before drinking anything, you should take the gauze out of your mouth. After you finish drinking you can place a new piece of gauze back into your mouth. The old piece that you took out should be discarded in the taste bin since it is dirty and already saturated with blood.
Reasons for taking out the gauze before drinking:
 - More hygienic. It is not a good idea to be drinking a smoothie, milk, or anything with sugar in it. All of that sugar will saturate the gauze. Essentially you'll be placing this sugar filled gauze next to your teeth and you may end up with cavities. It'll be cleaner and healthier if you don't use sugar saturated gauze.
 - Tastes better. The gauze that you've been biting on is most likely saturated with blood. If you drink with it in, you'll be tasting a lot of blood. That makes for a very untasty drink if you know what we mean.
The principles for drinking after an extraction are mostly the same as eating. Although you are permitted to drink on the side that is not numb. Just make sure whatever you're drinking is not too hot because you may burn the numb side.
When can I stop using gauze?
Officially you should stop using gauze after the extraction socket has stopped bleeding. On average that should take about three hours or so. Some people may require less time while others may take more time but 3 hours is the average.
As a reminder, you should be switching out to a new piece of gauze every 30 minutes. You repeat this process until the bleeding has completely stopped or it has a very light ooze.
There is no such thing as leaving the gauze in for too long but a new piece will be more effective! Using the same gauze will still work but it just won't be as effective.
Takeaway
If you need to eat or drink, you should remove the gauze from your mouth before doing so. It's not very practical to leave it in your mouth. In fact, it may even have adverse side effects if you do so.
Therefore you should take it out and then simply place a new one back in after you're done. That is the best way to approach this situation! Last but not least, you shouldn't forget the rest of the instructions for the tooth extraction aftercare. You know that you're also not supposed to sleep with the gauze right?
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If you're in NYC and in need of a dentist, please schedule an appointment with our clinical dental practice, 1311 Jackson Ave Dental.
The purpose of the content at afterva is to encourage you to seek in person care with a doctor. It's not nor was it ever meant to be a substitute for medical advice. Every situation is unique and impossible to diagnose without a clinical exam.
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Posted 1 year ago
Known as the most important Artifact ever to have arrived on New Zealand shores...the "Pompallier Madonna" was brought out here in the mid 1800's by a French Missionary.
Rumours persist that their was secret Vatican involvement after the original Byzantine Parchment was stolen from a local High School in Wellington NZ in the 1960's. There are also rumours that the next day it turned up in a secondhand shop window but as the original has never been found it is a true Unsolved Mystery!!
Given to the Pope Pius IX in 1846 as a Coronation Gift by The Sisters of the Campus Martius. He later gave it to Bishop Jean Baptiste Francois Pompallier in Rome in 1847 - to bring the ancient small painting to New Zealand to establish the Catholic Church in New Zealand. Pope Pius IX (_PHONE_) he proclaimed the dogmas of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin in 1854 his pontificate was the longest in history. Henceforth the Virgin Icon representing his vision of the Catholicism. Interesting it wasn't Christ at the centre of the faith.
In 750AD, The Sisters of the Immaculate Conception took it from Byzantine to Rome during a time of iconoclastic persecution in the East.
Mine is a Lithograph Reproduction of the Original and the same size. It has golden gilt? on it. The original was in an oval frame as shown in the reproduction.
I hope one day to stumble upon the original if it is still in NZ.
I am unsure as to HOW MANY LITHOGRAPHS EXIST??? Would anybody know???
An interesting article on this Icon in NZ Newspaper - (i stole bits :-)
A REAL LIFE DA VINCI CODE - who can crack this?

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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What is Asset Based Community Development?
Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) is a method of development whereby a community asserts (owns) freedom to act to reach its highest level of ability (development) through what it already owns or has (assets).
Put simply, the community takes ownership of its own development through realizing the full potential of its various assets.
What is Asset Based Development?
Asset Based Development (also known as Strengths Based Development) focuses on what already exists (what is strong), and how to use that to create more assets of either the same or a different type.
- Asset Based
- Based on that which is already in existence, owned and having value, whether built (hospitals, roads, etc.), cultural (festivals, libraries, etc.), financial (banks, foundations, etc.), human (schools, training centers etc.), natural (farms, rivers, etc.), political (representatives, forums, etc.) or social (community events, civic groups, etc.)
- A tool enabling people to reach the highest level of their ability, through granting freedom of action, such as, freedom of economic, social and family actions, etc. – Amartya Sen's Capability Approach
It is possible to stimulate the discovery (or creation) of particularly human and social assets where none seemed to exist (or existed) before.
The opposite of Asset Based Development is Needs Based Development, which focuses on what is absent or needed to fulfill set criteria that the developer thinks would improve the life of a community, often based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.
Types of Assets
In their book "Building Communities from the Inside Out: A Path Toward Finding and Mobilizing a Community's Assets" (1993), Kretzman and McKnight identified three kinds of assets essential in community work: individuals, associations, and institutions. The Community Capitals Framework of Flora and Flora (2004) expanded these to seven asset types. These assets can be used to convert from one type to another (eg. the human asset of knowledge can be used to create the financial asset of money, which can be used to purchase the built asset of a home). The abundance of one asset can therefore be used by an individual or a community to decrease the scarcity of another asset.
Adapted from "Asset Building and Community Development" (2002) by Gary Paul Green and Anna Haines, these asset types are often simplified to only include Financial, Human, Natural, Physical (Built) and Social assets in ABCD, excluding Political and Cultural assets.
- Built Assets
- Represents the infrastructure of the community – the basic set of facilities, services and physical structures needed by a community.
- Cultural Assets
- The values, norms, beliefs and traditions that people inherit from the family, school and community. Also includes material goods produced at a specific time and place (such as paintings, books) that have historical or cultural significance.
- Financial Assets
- The variety of financial resources available to invest in local projects or economic development initiatives. Efforts to build wealth to support community development activities.
- Human Assets
- Attributes of individuals that provide them with the ability to earn a living, strengthen community, and otherwise contribute to community organizations, to their families, and to self improvement. It includes access to education and knowledge development, training and skill building activities and efforts to build and expand local leadership.
- The quality and quantity of natural and environmental resources existing in a community.
- The ability to influence and enforce rules, regulations, and standards. Access to individuals and groups with the power to influence decisions. Participating in civic discourse on difficult public issues.
- Connections existing among people and organizations that help make things happen in the community. Includes close ties that build community cohesion (bonding) as well as weaker ties with local and outside people and organizations that help promote broad-based action on key matters (bridging).
What is Community-Driven / Citizen-Led Development?
Communities form around places and interests (communities of place and communities of interest). A community is formed where two or more individuals come together around a mutual interest in either a physical location (eg. where they live) or interest (eg. gardening).
To differentiate ABCD from other strengths-based approaches that may not be centered on the community as owner and agent of development, it is often referred to as Asset Based Community-Driven Development. A central feature of ABCD is that communities must drive their own development agenda without outside interference. The ABCD community builder acts as a facilitator and enabler. Where outside assistance is required, such assistance is provided with the specific understanding that the community retains ownership of and control over the process.
A further development in ABCD thought has prompted some to refer to it Asset-Based Citizen-Led Development, in recognition that community ultimately starts with the individual citizen. It is necessary for the citizens of a community to internalize the ABCD principles to ensure its success. This may come more naturally for some than for others.
Asset Based Community Development Process
- Collect stories
- Bring together a core group
- Map the gifts, capacities and assets of individuals, associations and local institutions
- Find and engage connectors who can build relationships
- Ask the gathered community to lead the creation of a community vision and plan
- Engage the self-mobilization of the community's assets by action applied through association
- Lever knowledge of the community's assets and strengths to secure investments and resources needed from outside the community for community-driven development
From Nurture Development
Origins of Asset Based Community Development
In their 1993 book "Building Communities from the Inside Out: A Path Toward Finding and Mobilizing a Community's Assets," John (Jody) P. Kretzmann and John L. McKnight explored the characteristics of successful communities and formalized what they found into a guide for what they termed "Asset-Based Community Development" or ABCD.
In their guide, they acknowledged that ABCD existed before – it is not a new invention. Their work simply formalized and popularized it. They also stressed that relationship building was one of the key characteristics of the approach.
Support for their work ultimately lead to the establishment of the ABCD Institute, from where it spread around the world.
Community is built and sustained at the speed of trust – Cormac Russel
Examples of Asset Based Community Development
Further Asset Based Community Development Resources
Institutions Around The World Driving Asset Based Community Development
- ABCD Institute, America
- Bank of IDEAS, Australia
- Coady International Institute, Canada
- Grassroots Grantmakers, America
- Greater Rochester Health Foundation, America
- Jeder Institute, Australia
- Nurture Development, Europe
- Public Allies, America
- Tamarack Institute, Canada
Asset Based Community Development Downloads
- Compendium of Methods and Tools for ABCD Facilitation and its accompanying Training Materials

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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A major European grant has been awarded to partners in Ireland and Wales, including Swansea University, to research the development of oats as a climate-resistant crop and a healthy food product.
The 'Healthy Oats' project will benefit from a €2million grant as part of the Ireland-Wales INTERREG scheme funded through the Welsh and Irish governments.
Demand for oats is increasing as consumers look for healthier foods and vegetarian alternatives. Food manufacturers are constantly evolving their ranges of oat products from the traditional porridge and oatcakes to cereal bars, breads and drinks.
The project will look at developing new climate-resistant varieties as well as innovative products and procedures with industrial partners.
Researchers will also work with agricultural communities and stakeholders to promote the health, economic and environmental benefits of growing oats – a crop which is ideally suited to the climate of Wales and Ireland.
The project brings together scientists from University College Dublin as lead organisation and Ireland's Agriculture and Food Development Authority Teagasc with Aberystwyth University's Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), and Swansea University.
Healthy Oats is an Ireland Wales Co-operation Programme 2014-2020 under European Territorial Co-operation (ETC) programmes. It will strengthen territorial innovation in oat product development, bringing together unique expertise in both Ireland (UCD and Teagasc) and Wales (Aberystwyth and Swansea Universities) on germplasm selection, oat genotyping, consumer behaviour and oat product development.
The project will focus on increasing the intensity of knowledge transfer collaborations involving research organisations and small and medium enterprises (SMEs).
Welsh expertise in germplasm evaluation complements UCD expertise in disease screening, and together they will select the most promising genotypes in terms of field performance. Importantly, their selection will be informed by complementary Welsh and Irish industry needs, which in turn will be informed by Welsh and Irish consumer and health behavioural studies.
Some varieties of oats contain a higher protein and oil content and have a high nutritional value. In addition, oats are particularly high in beta-glucan, a soluble dietary fibre that is strongly linked to improving blood cholesterol levels and boosting heart health.
Dr Richard Bracken, from the School of Sports and Exercise Science at Swansea University, will contribute to the project by exploring the cardio-metabolic benefits of improved varieties of oat which might help reduce the occurrence of heart disease.
Dr Richard Bracken said:
'In recognition of the growing incidence of obesity and diabetes in today's Westernised society, 'Healthy Oats' is an ambitious Ireland-Wales project that seeks to improve the knowledge of beneficial properties of oats on human metabolism.
By drawing on experts across both sides of the Irish sea we aim to demonstrate a successful 'farm to fork' project that seeks to develop new consumer food choices that are healthier'.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Treemaps from unordered lists and CSS
Another little test, this time trying to build something like a Treemap, using CSS and semantic HTML.
The above image is an example of what I'm trying to go for. Here's a sample of what I've got:
Two things I can't seem to work around with my understanding of CSS:
- Is there a way to clear the floats in the unordered lists without using a break?


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|City & Municipality|
|Elevation||697 m (2,287 ft)|
|Time zone||AZT (UTC+4)|
|• Summer (DST)||AZT (UTC+5)|
|Area code(s)||+994 230|
Goygol (also, Xanlar, Chanlar, Elenendorf, Helenendorf, Khanlar, Kol-Yelendorf, and Yelenendorf) is a city and municipality and the capital of the Goygol Rayon in northwestern Azerbaijan. It is about 10 km south of Ganja, Azerbaijan's second largest city. The city of Goygol has a population of 19,000 (est, 2008). The municipality includes the city of Goygol and the village of Qızılqaya.
There was a settlement here as early as the Bronze Age. An extensive cemetery was excavated in the 1990s, with many bronze weapons (swords, daggers, axes), some jewelry (rings, bracelets, necklaces), and clay black dishes with the geometric designs, some of which are on display at the local museum.
The city of Goygol was founded as Helenendorf in 1819 by Germans from Württemberg, brought as a colony under orders of Czar Alexander to help settle the region that had just been acquired from Persia under the Treaty of Gulistan of 1813.
The Agropromvinkombine machinery plant is located in Khanlar, as was a state-owned cattle-breeding farm (1990).
- The state statistical committee of the Azerbaijan Republic
- Belediyye Informasiya Sistemi[dead link]
- (Russian) Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Khanlar.
- "Xanlar şəhəri". Retrieved 1 May 2011.
- This article is based in part on material from the German Wikipedia.
- Ulrich Mohl: Schwäbischer Pioniergeist im Kaukasus - Die russlanddeutsche Kolonie Helenendorf. In: Schwäbische Heimat. Heft 2002/3, ISSN 0342-7595
- "Helenendorf: Azerbaijan's First German Settlement" Azerbaijan International , a magazine;
- Satellite view of Khanlar City, Khanlar Raion, Azerbaijan from GoogleMap


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In this chapter we will analyze in more detail the irrotational flow field around a cylinder due to a uniform flow.
The cylinder is a bluff body whereas a wing that is well-oriented (small angle of attack) with respect to flow is a slender body. In reality (in the sense of a real viscous fluid) separation of the boundary layer with the formation of a wake will be unavoidable for the cylinder. The irrotational solution can not predict such phenomenon and the resulting flow field does not resemble the real flow around a cylinder.
Given these, why do we study the irrotational flow around a cylinder? First of all, this flow is a good example of an irrotational flow in a relatively complex geometry. Secondly, and most important, because using conformal mapping we can transform the flow around a cylinder into the flow around a Joukowski wing.
If a wing profile is well-oriented with respect to the uniform flow, boundary layer separation is negligible and the pressure field obtained by means of the irrotational flow solution can be considered as a good approximation of the actual pressure field. Therefore the resulting lift is in good agreement with experimental measurements.
In the following sections several animations show how the velocity and pressure fields vary as the circulation around the cylinder is changed. A sequential browsing of these pages is suggested, at least for first time visitors.


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The Australian Society for Antimicrobials (ASA) was formed in March 1999 to facilitate the acquisition and dissemination of knowledge in the field of antimicrobials. Society membership covers a diverse background of professions interested in the study of antimicrobials including clinical microbiologists and infectious diseases physicians, respiratory and ICU physicians, medical and non-medical microbiologists and scientists, pharmacists, veterinarians, undergraduate and postgraduate students, and industry representatives from pharmaceutical and diagnostic/research biomedical companies.
The Society conducts national annual scientific meetings and has hosted the Asian Pacific Conference on Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases and the International Symposium on Staphylococci and Staphylococcal Infection. It actively supports research into antimicrobials and antimicrobial resistance.
ASA National EUCAST AST Committee
Established in mid-2011 to provide expert advice and further the cause of skill development in the area of antimicrobial susceptibility testing, the ASA National EUCAST AST Committee (previously known as the National AST Committtee) is the affiliated national committee within the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) network (_URL_
John Turnidge, The University of Adelaide, SA
Ian Abbott, The Alfred Hospital, Vic
Jan Bell, ACSQHC, SA
Sharon Chen, Westmead Hospital, NSW
Linda Chew, Royal Melbourne Hosital, Vic
Louise Cooley, Royal Hobart Hospital, Tas
Geoffrey Coombs, Murdoch University, WA
Fiona Courtney, John Hunter Hospital, NSW
Denise Daley, AGAR Scientist, WA
Shelanah Fernando, Concord Hospital, NSW
Narelle George, Pathology Queensland, QLD
Maryza Graham, Monash Health, Vic
Sarah Kidd, SA Pathology, SA
Stephen Kidd, University of Adelaide, SA
Graeme Nimmo, Pathology Queensland, QLD
Jennifer Robson, Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, QLD
Norelle Sherry, University of Melbourne, Vic
Rick Streitberg, Monash Health, Vic


text: One of the most useful techniques in astronomical instrumentation is image slicing. It enables a spectrograph to have a more compact angular slit, whilst retaining throughput and increasing resolving power. Astrophotonic components like the photonic lanterns and photonic reformatters can be used to replace bulk optics used so far. This study investigates the performance of such devices using end-to-end simulations to approximate realistic on-sky conditions. It investigates existing components, tries to optimize their performance and aims to understand better how best to design instruments to maximize their performance. This work complements the recent work in the field and provides an estimation for the performance of the new components.


Discuss the role information technology (IT) has on the measuring and improving the quality of care being delivered - Essay Prowess
Discuss the role information technology (IT) has on the measuring and improving the quality of care being delivered
Health care has become to depend on information technology (IT) to deliver, monitor, and communicate health care delivery. Discuss the role IT has on the measuring and improving the quality of care being delivered. How will the electronic medical record (EMR)/electronic health record (EHR) help or hinder the delivery of health care? Respond to at least two of your classmates' postings.
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are normalized in this way they can be combined. Assign a weight to each of the metrics. Be sure the weights add up to 1. 'The weight is an indication of the relative importance of each of the metrics. For example, for a high-level freeway concept with the following weighted metrics:
Multiply each of the normalized metrics by its respective weight and add them together. The result is a unit-less measure of the goodness of each of the alternatives relative to the current system.
Life cycle costs can be included in this calculation. It is often more meaningful to separate it and plot overall effectiveness against cost. This allows one to take into account budget constraints, and to identify good low cost and high cost solutions, possibly with an evolutionary path between them.


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- Books, Literature, and Writing»
- Books & Novels
Easy Sport Books for Struggling Readers: Athlete Facts and Sports Fiction
Reluctant and struggling readers can not be motivated to read because the topics are not interesting to them. Active boys and girls are more likely to read about their hobbies and interests even if reading is not their strongest subject. To meet the reading needs of this audience of readers, children's authors and their publishers are bringing these stories to library shelves and classrooms. Just like there are books on every subject for all types of readers, this list focuses on the easy sports books that are not intimidating to struggling readers.
Sports Books for the Young
Young struggling readers will often read about their favorite characters. If characters such as Froggy, Brother Bear, or Arthur like soccer or baseball just like the young reader, they are likely to branch out to other characters with similar interests if books are at the same level. It may take the parent to incorporate these new characters and series as part of the read-aloud to introduce their child to new books. Reading the books with the child makes it less threatening and they may find it is easier than they thought.
For those who live and breathe their sport, they already know the vocabulary and basics, so they may want to read books more devoted to the sport than to the character. The Dewey Decimal system for non-fiction books will match a reader to their sport and open up a whole section of books that interest them. Soccer players will find My Soccer Book by Gail Gibbons and Score!: You Can Play Soccer by Nick Fauchald in 796.334 while baseball players may find a new home in the library a shelf down at 796.357.
High Interest Sport Biographies
Toddlers are aware of environmental print, that is signs and words around them that they easily recognize. Examples including restaurant logos like McDonald's are part of the early reader's repertoire. The same is true for the child who follows their family's favorite sporting team. Jerseys are the environmental print for the sports enthusiast. Not only do they learn to recognize animal names like Sharks, Bears, and Orioles, but also player names like Jones, Martinez, and Sutter.
Once they learn about their favorite teams and players, they will seek out more information about them. Current players make it into the newspapers and sports periodicals, so reading the sports section with your child will show how readers find information on a regular basis that has nothing to do with school. In some articles, readers learn more about how a professional player got to their current career, while other articles report on their special interests and community involvement.
Biography books do the same. These children's books are written for a younger audience and their readability. Rising sport stars have their books published quickly to meet the demand for their stories. They may be identified as high-interest, but a review of the content will determine its readability. If the reader is truly motivated to read about their favorite player, they will do their best to read and comprehend, using their background knowledge on the topics or asking questions about words or concepts. Children's biographies often include glossaries that are not provided in adult biographies.
Understanding the Codes
- AR = Accelerated Reader
- SC = Scholastic Counts
- RL = Reading Level (based on grade equivalent)
- Lexile = The Lexile text measure system is a one of the ways that children's books determine readability and difficulty for the individual. Readers can match their Lexile reader measure with the text measure.
- IL = Interest Level (based on age equivalent)
When it comes to the different ages and levels of readers, children may not read at their grade level. A first grader may be a strong reader and can read chapter books, but it doesn't mean that they have the maturity to read books intended for middle schoolers. At the same time, a middle school student wants to read about children who can relate to their issues and interests, but a struggling reader in eighth grade may be discouraged that they can only read books written about third graders. The search for the right book should consider both the reading level and the interest level. For example, a seventh grader with an independent reader level of 4.0, or fourth grade, will look for a book with a RL around 4.0 and an IL between 4-8 (fourth to eighth grade). If they are looking at books that are measured with the Lexile system, they will consider books around 590-600. If they like hockey, then Backup Goalie by Bob Temple of the Impact Jake Maddox series is a good match.
An interest in sports can connect a child to reading. Young readers are motivated by characters and familiar text, but as they age, characters and plots become more complex. They grow out of their childhood characters and need guidance to find their next favorite story. When parents do not know which books are available, they or their child can get book advice from the librarians (school or public) or teachers and reading specialists.
Some authors are known for writing sports fiction. Matt Christopher is known for writing sports fiction for young readers but also wrote books for middle school interests. His website allows visitors to search for books by sport as well as series. Some stories are realistic fiction while others are fantasy. Mike Lupica is another author who has found success writing about baseball. Robert Skead rediscovered his love for writing and found his niche with sports fiction. Dan Gutman combines the fantasy of time travel with baseball players in history in his Baseball Card Adventure series.
Struggling readers will be motivated to read if they are interested in the topic or author. They will stay motivated if they are able to read the text or want to use their skills to enjoy a book that truly interests them. Audiobooks are another way to read when the reader follows along with the CD as well as the book. It may take much trial and error finding the right book, author, subject, or reading level. In the end, however, it means that the struggling reader will find pleasure in books at their ability and interest level.
Search for Sports Books for Your Struggling Reader
Search engines make it possible to pinpoint books of interests in the areas of sports. The more specific the keyword, the more likely that the book will match the reader's interest. Keywords can include the name of a sport or organization (snowboarding, NBA,) or a group or event (World Cup, Olympics, extreme sports).
A parent or student can find the books they want by using a variety of resources. The local library is likely to have an online book catalog for their collection as well as other libraries in their inter-library loan system. When the reader has read their fill of the available books, they can request books from other libraries as well. A full display of book information may include reading level, Lexile text number, interest level, and availability.
Other search engines specifically for children's books:
- Scholastic Book Wizard or Age-by-Age Book Find
- Book Adventure.com: This site is a free reading motivator that allows registered users to take quiz questions on the books of their choice. The "Quiz-o-Matic" lets readers find books according to their interests or grade level and take quizzes on them for prizes.
- AR Book Find: This resource by Renaissance Learning was made to help students find books and quizzes for Accelerated Reader in schools. Parents and students can search according to title, author, interest, topics, reading level, and/or interest level. Even if your child's school does not participate in AR, the website is free and informative.
Reading Outside the Sports Box
When a reluctant or struggling reader finds a reading series they like that has one or more books on the subjects, they are more likely to look for other books outside of that subject or genre. My son read Slam Dunk Shoes because it was a book about basketball that was at a comfortable reading level but at his middle school interest level. On the back cover it listed other books in the Jake Maddox sports series. Football was his next sport of interest, which led to On the Line. The public library had 23 books in their system which kept him occupied for days. Once he got his fill of sports, we found other books by the same publishing company that featured historical fiction. Naturally he moved on to Civil War battles and the adventures of the Pony Express riders.
The hunt for sports books that interest the reluctant or struggling reader takes effort and resources, but the books are being written and published to meet the demand. Whether they read about the same sport or books by the same sports author, they are reading for enjoyment and learning the benefits of the written word.


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This handsome, respectful volume deserves a place on the shelf … it succeeds in accurately dramatizing honeybee behavior. – Kirkus Reviews
Flight of the Honey Bee review by artist, Claire Beynon:
"Given the state of our environment, the sooner we introduce our children to bees – to their intelligence, their intricate behaviour and increasing vulnerability – the better. Flight of the Honey Bee is the perfect book to do this, combining as it does Raymond Huber's careful language and well-researched text with Brian Lovelock's meticulously observed paintings. Cleverly formatted, fiction and non-fiction – story and fact – are woven together as two discreet yet interconnected strands: young readers can choose their flight path.
Exquisite to look at and a pleasure to explore.
Scout the bee – named after the feisty protagonist in Harper Lee's To Kill A Mockingbird – and her tightly-knit community of hardworking bees demonstrate these small creatures' importance in the pollinaton of plants and the well-being of our planet. Flight of the Honey Bee is about bee behavior but it will also teach children about subtler things; wonder, beauty, the value of group functioning and collaborative effort, reproduction, risk, courage, the joys of flight – those rhythms and principles essential for any thriving community. The hum of the parts.
This book has all the essentials of a satisfying story: it asks questions and it informs. It invites observation and participation. There's drama. Suspense. Conflict. Danger. Hope. And a happy ending. At the close of her adventure, Scout is a wily-er bee than she was when she set out from her hive on her first nectar-seeking adventure. As all characters must, she grows through her experiences. We come to care about her and her safe passage home.
Visually, Flight of the Honey Bee is exquisite to look at and a pleasure to explore – each double page spread is as stunning as the one preceding it. It will be immediately appealing to young readers. I was struck by how beautifully integrated the text and images are; they belong together like honey and honeycomb. The language is tender and witty (the line about 'sun-powder' is a wonderful change from 'gun-powder'); and the paintings – a combination of watercolour, acrylic ink and coloured pencils – are spectacular; compositionally bold, delicate, exuberant and information-rich. Looking at them through my adult eyes, I can't help thinking about fractals, the mathematics inherent in nature, the ever-present background dialogue between shape and sound, pattern and colour. Children will pore over them. And they will love Scout for her feisty resourcefulness.
More Flight of the Honey Bee reviews.


text: Online induction machine faults diagnosis is a concern to guarantee the overall production process efficiency. Nowadays, the industry demands the integration of smart wireless sensors networks (WSN) to improve the fault detection in order to reduce cost, maintenance and power consumption. Induction motors can develop one or more faults at the same time that can produce sever damages. The origin of most recurrent faults in rotary machines is in the components: stator, rotor, bearing and others. This work presents a novel methodology for the online faults diagnosis in induction motors. This technique uses the smart WSN to obtain the machine condition based on the motor stator current analysis. The implementation of the proposed smart sensor methodology allows the system to perform online fault detection in a fully automated way. Simulation results presented show the efficiency of the proposed method to detect simple and multiple faults in induction machine. It provides detailed analysis to address challenges in designing and deploying WSNs in industrial environments, and its reliability. 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


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Details about Measuring Quality Improvement in Healthcare:
This ground-breaking book addresses the critical, growing need among health care administrators and practitioners to measure the effectiveness of quality improvement efforts. Written by respected healthcare quality professionals, Measuring Quality Improvement in Healthcare covers practical applications of the tools and techniques of statistical process control (SPC), including control charts, in healthcare settings. The authors' straightforward discussions of data collection, variation, and process improvement set the context for the use and interpretation of control charts. Their approach incorporates "the voice of the customer" as a key element driving the improvement processes and outcomes. The core of the book is a set of 12 case studies that show how to apply statistical thinking to health care process, and when and how to use different types of control charts. The practical, down-to-earth orientation of the book makes it accessible to a wide readership.


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SyncBack is a program for directory synchronization. It can be used:
- To make backups of files.
- To synchronize directories between computers.
- To synchronize USB keys or removable disks.
It is capable of making differential savings, and only transfers the modified files.
Although SyncBack is the free version of SyncBack, it is full feature freeware :
- United or bi-directional synchronization.
- Filters file and directory names.
- Filters the file types (compressed NTFS, coded or not, etc.)
- File compression
- Can make synchronizations between several files at the same time.
- Manual or planned synchronization (in thorough task)
- Simulations of synchronization (to see what would be transferred)
- Option of integrated restoration (with simulation)
- Comparison of file by date / hour, size or sum of control (as you prefer)
- Synchronization with a directory or a local disk, a network reader or a FTP server
- Automatic ejection of the support at the end of synchronization
- Automatic closure of certain programs before launching synchronization (that is practical to avoid locked files)
- Sends automatic email for the follow-up of synchronization progress.
All that makes SyncBack a powerful software of synchronization, as functional as its commercial counterparts.
You can use one of the predefined parameter setting, or customise :
SyncBack supports synchronization with a FTP server, very practical to publish one's Web site :
You can also synchronize with a network reader by specifying different logins /pass words :
Note that if you wish to synchronize a very large volume of data, it can be more useful to use tools such as Unison and rsync: these tools transfer only the modified parts of files (SyncBack always transfers the entire file when a modification has been detected).


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Coldest space instrument ever
Coldest ever space instrument set to fly
The coldest instrument ever to fly in space is set to launch aboard a Japanese X-ray observatory called Astro-E2 on Wednesday. The instrument, which has suffered several previous setbacks, will study some of the most energetic phenomena in the universe.
This sensitive task requires Astro-E2ís main instrument, the X-Ray Spectrometer (XRS), to be cooled to just 0.06 degrees above absolute zero. This will allow it to detect extremely small changes in photon energies - representing a 10-fold improvement in sensitivity compared to existing detectors.
Everything I need to know I learned through Googling.


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Instructions for a RainBird R-50 Sprinkler
The Rain Bird R-50 rotor is a discontinued sprinkler model, so while you won't be installing a new system, you might be using a preexisting one at a new house. If you're unfamiliar with such a system, begin with the basics. First make sure you understand the installation process, if you are responsible for installing it. Then, move on to adjusting individual sprinkler heads and modifying their watering patterns.
Adjusting the Bypass
The bypass regulates how much water flows through the sprinkler's drive mechanism. Before you can change a nozzle, which defines a sprinkler's spray pattern, you must adjust the bypass so that it's flow matches the requirements of the nozzle in gallons per minute (GPM). The nozzle will indicate the proper GPM, so insert a flat screwdriver into the bottom of the sprinkler inlet and rotate it until the bypass matches nozzle specifications. For Sam and Shrub models, pull out the internal assembly from the drive housing and rotate until screen ridges match the desired GPM set point. Return the assembly to the drive, matching up the double ribs with the large drive housing opening.
Changing the Nozzle
Once you've ensured that the bypass will align with the nozzle, install the nozzle. Lift the nozzle up with a flat screwdriver, then pop the nozzle retainer out of the top of the assembly. Push the nozzle out by sticking the screwdriver into the slot at the top of the nozzle and applying pressure. Slide a new nozzle in place, and apply a new nozzle retainer to keep it in place. Align the nozzle properly, with the lip on top. If you do not have extra nozzles, you likely will need to replace the sprinkler head with a model from the 5000 Series, as this model has been discontinued.
Modifying the Arc
The arc is how far around the sprinkler will water. R-50 sprinklers are capable of watering in a full circle, or an entire 360 degrees, but you also can set them to cover part-circle patterns as small as 25 degrees. When adjusting the arc, look for the left side of the arc, which is fixed and marked by two vertical lines on the sprinkler head casing. This is where the sprinkler will stop in its rotation before rotating the other way. If the fixed left point is undesirable, move the entire sprinkler head around until the left point is where you want it. Then, with the sprinkler head up and the vandal collar down, twist the top to adjust the arc to your desired radius.
If a sprinkler head becomes stuck at one end of its rotation arc and won't turn back, this most likely means that the water pressure is too low. Optimum water pressure is measured in pounds per square inch (PSI), so test your water pressure using a pressure gauge at the sprinkler's source. If it is too low, adjust it. If a valve won't pop back down, this likely means there is debris in the system or it is broken.
Sarah Moore has been a writer, editor and blogger since 2006. She holds a master's degree in journalism.


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I am looking forward to presenting at the 2020 SAEEC Conference on the 4 – 6 November 2020. The presentation is on Sustainable Neighbourhoods and is based on research and local case study using the Built Environment Sustainability Tool (BEST). It addresses the following questions:
- How can sustainability at a neighbourhood level be defined?
- Can the performance of a neighbourhood in terms of sustainability be measured?
- What are the implications of unsustainable aspects of neighbourhoods?
- Where there are sustainability performance 'gaps' in neighbourhoods, how can these be tackled?
- Can effective structured, shared plans be created to efficiently improve the sustainability of neighbourhoods?


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1.1 The three major blood cells are red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
1.2 The three main areas of haematology are red blood cells, white blood cells, and haemostasis.
1.3 The major roles of the Biomedical Scientist in the haematology laboratory are analysis, data interpretation, quality, health and safety, and training.
1.4 4% of the annual healthcare budget is spent on pathology.
1.5 Blood transfusion.
1.6 The major roles of the professional body are setting standards of practice, accrediting degrees, providing professional qualifications, organizing a continuing professional development scheme, and assessing the competence of biomedical scientists.
1.7 Not all the information learnt during undergraduate studies will remain relevant during the course of a career, so healthcare professionals must undertake regular activities to update their knowledge and skills.


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From fire scars in the stumps of old-growth oak trees, a team of researchers led by Illinois botanist William E. McClain has given us an amazing glimpse into the history of fire in the U.S. Upper Midwest. The team's work, published in a recent issue of the journal Castanea, is the most in-depth study of the region's fire history published to date—detailing the frequency of human-made fires over a 226-year period and revealing how a brief interval of fire suppression permanently changed the landscape.
McClain, who is based at the Illinois State Museum, began tracing the history of fire in Illinois oak trees in 1996. That year, he made the observation of a lifetime when he was invited to have a look at a stand of trees slated for auction in northwestern Hamilton County, at a site a few miles south of the village of Dahlgren.
"The woods was wonderful," he said. "It had numerous trees that had old-growth features, such as the spiraling of bark on the trunk. We walked through an adjacent [lot where] trees had [already] been harvested. The fire scars in the stumps caught my attention immediately. I had never seen so many scars."Living Records of Fire History
While researchers from the Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Illinois Nature Preserves Commission, and Illinois Natural History Survey, created maps and performed extensive ecological assessments of the study area, McClain prepared cross-sections from 36 old-growth post oaks (Quercus stellata) scattered across the Hamilton County study site. For each cross-section, he counted growth rings and fire scars.
Fire scars, similar to other marks and features found in the growth layers in the heartwood of trees, are records of natural history. Each year, a new layer of wood, or growth ring, is formed from cambium, the thin layer of living tissue between the wood and the bark. In trees that survive fire, the areas of cambium that die as a result of exposure to intense heat are overgrown by a new cambium layer. "This process continues each year until the wounded area is healed," McClain said.
After healing, there exists a visible fissure in the heartwood, which is a distinguishing feature of fire scars. Fire scars frequently are dark in color and contain charcoal.
Tracing the Fire History of Illinois
While the ecological impacts of present-day wildfires are relatively well understood, much less is known about the historical role of human-made fire in shaping the ecosystems that exist today. This is especially true for places such as the Midwestern United States, where fire is now relatively infrequent but appears to have been common throughout long periods of the region's history.Written accounts indicate that many fires were observed in Illinois in the 17th and 18th centuries. According to McClain, "During [these periods], many fires were started intentionally for hunting or other purposes. Lightning-caused fires were not as common."
After comparing the chronology of post oak fire scars with the written accounts of fire, and after examining fire records dating to the 1670s from white oaks in Baber Woods in Edgar County, McClain and colleagues were able to confirm that the peoples who inhabited Illinois prior to the arrival of European settlers set fires that burned into the woodlands of Hamilton County about every two or three years. The team also found that a temporary period of fire suppression produced a dramatic and permanent ecological change locally.
Indeed, the fire scars in post oaks and fire records from nearby states indicate that fires were set routinely in the Upper Midwest, perhaps for hundreds of years, until 1850. Up to that point, open post-oak woodlands and prairies dominated the Midwest landscape. (Fires did continue longer in parts of Illinois and other states.)
But the disappearance of fire in the Hamilton County woods after 1850 caused a fundamental change in the region's ecology. Post oaks are slow growing, relatively insensitive to fire, and intolerant to shade. Until 1850, they were able to thrive because frequent fire killed off faster growing, shade-tolerant species and kept the woodland open. Although the practice of intentionally setting fires resumed around 1885, by then the woodland had a greater density of trees. The lack of fire for 35 years had allowed shade-tolerant species to proliferate, giving rise to a forest with a dense understory.
According to McClain, this pattern of fire suppression and ecological change is now apparent elsewhere in the United States. "The lack of fire is considered to be the reason why mesic (requiring moderate amounts of moisture), shade-tolerant, fire-sensitive tree species are replacing the oaks in forests throughout the eastern part of the United States."
"Oaks are not reproducing," he added. The same is true for the post oaks in Hamilton County and for the white oaks in Baber Woods—the seedlings of these are not surviving, which means that they may soon disappear from the region entirely.
About Science Up Front
A regular Britannica Blog feature written by the encyclopedia's own Kara Rogers, Science Up Front goes behind the headlines to bring researchers' stories of discovery centerstage. Begun in 2009 to highlight the ingenious work of pioneering scientists and to bring greater accuracy to science reporting, Rogers goes straight to the source, exploring the latest advances in science, from medicine to nanotechnology to conservation, through first-hand interviews with researchers. The series covers all things science, so check back regularly to see who's up on Science Up Front.


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Overview on Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines
This chapter provides an overview of multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS). Its main purpose is to introduce the reader to the major concepts underlying this data mining technique, particularly those that are relevant to the chapter that involves the use of this technique. This chapter includes an illustrative example and also provides guidance for interpreting a MARS model.
- Breiman L, Friedman J, Olshen R, Charles S (1984) Classification and regression trees. Wadsworth International GroupGoogle Scholar
- Friedman JH (1991) Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines. Ann Stat 19(1):1, pp 1–141Google Scholar
- Guo W, Zhao N, Shao H (2010) IT investment efficiency analysis of equipment manufacturing industry based on two-stage nonparametric model. In: Proceedings of IEEE 2010 international conference on challenges in environmental science and computer engineering, vol 2, pp 21–24Google Scholar
- Hastie T, Tibshirani R (1990) Generalized additive model. Chapman and Hall, LondonGoogle Scholar
- Morawczynski O, Ngwenyama O (2007) Unraveling the impact of investments in ICT, education and health on development: an analysis of archival data of five West African countries using regression splines. Electron J Inf Syst Dev Countries 29:1–15Google Scholar
- Mukkamala S, Sung AH, Abraham A, Ramos V (2006) Intrusion detection systems using adaptive regression spines. In: Enterprise Information Systems VI, pp 211–218. Springer, NetherlandsGoogle Scholar


Python pyperclip
What is Python pyperclip?
Python pyperclip is a Python Library that can manipulate the clipboard by enabling us to use the copy and paste functions.
Installation
Windows users do not have to download any dependencies, however Linux users need to first install the xclip or xsel library from the command prompt first.
Linux
sudo apt-get install xclip
pip install pyperclip
Windows
pip install pyperclip
Example Usage
pyperclip.copy() is used to copy text into the clipboard.
pyperclip.paste() will return the contents of the clipboard.
The below code will first copy the string "Hello World" to the clipboard. Once the pyperclip.paste() function is called, the same string will be printed out.
import pyperclip
pyperclip.copy('Hello world')
print(pyperclip.paste())
Keep in mind that this library functions like a regular clipboard. If you consecutively copy two values into the clipboard, the first will be over-written. A clipboard can only have one value at a time.
import pyperclip
pyperclip.copy("Hello World")
pyperclip.copy("Goodbye World")
x = pyperclip.paste()
print(x)
Output
Goodbye World
This marks the end of the Python pyperclip article. Any questions can be directed to the comments section below. Contributions or suggestions for CodersLegacy are more than welcome.
Use this link to head back to the Python Libraries page: link
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KeepCalling has recently made it possible for its customers to set their Caller ID when calling from the smartphone app available for Android and iOS. KeepCalling app can be downloaded for free from the App Store and Google Play. By implementing this new option, the company proves that it takes into account its customers' opinions, since this feature is the result of their feedback.
What this novelty brings is the fact that, when customers make calls using KeepCalling app, their phone number will appear as the source number of the call. That means their friends and family will see the customers' personal numbers on their phone screens when they receive a call. This function is called "Set My Caller ID" and can be found in the More menu section. The activation procedure is simple and can be divided into three steps:
1. The customers need to enter their mobile number in international format;
2. They will receive an SMS on the number they entered containing a verification code;
3. The customers need to enter the verification code received.
In order to be able to benefit from this feature, the customers need to use the latest version of the application.


Torii Tool
Lack of proper SaaS management in your IT department can expose your organization to a number of potential security loopholes and endpoint threats. It becomes difficult for IT departments to take action against these sorts of security gaps in their software ecosystem considering they aren't even aware of their existence.
And understandably so. How can IT cancel an untrustworthy web app's permissions to access sensitive data resources if Francis from accounting never told them that she started using the product? Luckily, a powerful SaaS management tool like Torii can help your IT department better manage and keep track of app usage from a central location.
In this article, we'll take an in-depth look at how you can secure your organization from the threat of shadow IT by taking preemptive action.
Overview of Torii
For those unfamiliar, shadow IT simply refers to any tool, app, or software that's used in an organization without the knowledge (or approval) of the IT department. It's a challenge that just about every organization faces to some extent.
As you can probably guess, some of the most common examples of shadow IT are SaaS apps and services. For example, if an employee signs up for a cloud storage service and decides to store work-related documents in their personal account, IT managers might have no way of knowing that their data has been compromised in case of a breach.
Torii is a standalone SaaS management solution that enables IT managers to view, optimize, and control their organizations' SaaS resources via a user-friendly dashboard. It's designed to increase the visibility of apps in the organization's tech stack, simplify IT management workflows, and help IT managers automate various software management tasks.
Next, we'll explain how Torii can help you improve cybersecurity in your organization's software ecosystem.
Cybersecurity Through Better SaaS Management
There are a number of steps, measures, and strategies that can help IT managers secure their organizations from cybercriminals and hackers in order to effectively minimize the risks involved with shadow IT.
1. Risk Analysis
Torii gives you access to data through an intuitive, user-friendly dashboard that makes it easy to manage and execute changes. This enables you to better understand your organization's app usage and expenditure. There are thousands of SaaS apps available in the market, which can expose your organization to governance, cybersecurity, or compliance issues, or a combination of all three.
But before Torii Tool can reveal the risks associated with each SaaS app in your team's stack, it needs to know what those apps are. Generating an audit is easy, as Torii is capable of gathering SaaS use signals from a number of sources and turning those into a directory. These sources include browser extensions, data from third-party identity management solutions, accounting apps and even manual uploads of expense reports.
With Torii, you'll be able to run effective risk analyses in your organization's software infrastructure and use that information to minimize any security threats.
This is done by assigning risk levels to apps based on the permissions they require from users. Torii maintains an updated database of the SaaS market and is able to automatically assign each app in your organization's tech stack a risk level (high, medium, or low) based on the app permissions it requires, which you can also easily view in the Risk Analysis reports.
2. Instant Alerts and Automated Workflows
Torii comes with powerful alerts and workflow automation features that enable your IT staff to speed up the SaaS sanctioning process and perform onboarding and offboarding tasks efficiently.
What this means is that every time a new web app is introduced in your software ecosystem, it will instantly be discovered by Torii and an alert will automatically be sent to the IT manager.
IT managers will be able to perform all of these tasks by navigating to the Workflows section from the Torii dashboard. From there, they can choose to use an existing workflow or create their own workflow.
Creating a workflow in Torii Tool only takes a few minutes. You start by choosing a trigger: New app discovered or User stopped using app.
Following our example, if you select the New app discovered trigger to make an onboarding workflow, you can send the app owner (i.e. the employee who signed up for the app) a form that will collect important information about the software.
Creating the onboarding form is as simple as editing the introduction of the form and selecting the details you want to collect from the user. It also lets you choose who you want to share these form submissions with. For example, you might need to file them with the accounts department.
By creating these workflows, you can get instant alerts whenever a new app is discovered by Torii thereby effectively minimizing lag times and increasing cybersecurity within the organization. Shadow IT can't be eliminated, but by acting quickly, you can mitigate risks.
3. Accountability
Using Torii, IT managers can easily find out who the owner of each app is by viewing the app icons in the Owner of a section. This makes it easy to have an immediate point of contact in case there's cause for concern.
So, for example, if an employee installs a potentially dangerous app, the IT department knows exactly who to get in touch with and prevent future incidents.
Taking things to the next level, Torii also lets you cancel a user's access to an app, either by requesting them to voluntarily cancel their license or forcefully terminate app ownership using the built-in, one-click offboarding tool.
In addition to this, Torii lets you stay updated about each user who gains access to your IT ecosystem by maintaining a complete record of three different types of user accounts. More specifically: current userspast users, and external users.
4. Single Sign-On Solution
SAML 2.0 is a common standard implemented by most SaaS platforms for access and authentication to multiple web apps that use one set of login credentials. In simple terms, it allows employees to log into multiple SaaS apps and tools using one set of credentials (username and password).
Most SaaS tools let you set up your account access using a Single Sign-On Solution (SSO). You can improve the security and granular control over SaaS app access by connecting more of your SaaS apps to your SSO provider.
Torii lets users connect a number of SSO solutions including JumpCloud, OneLogin, Okta, GSuite, Azure Active Directory, and SailPoint, to better manage user access and audit permissions of third-party tools.
5. SaaS App Permissions
When users in your IT ecosystem sign up for SaaS tools, they're often required by the SaaS provider to grant permission to access certain databases and track certain activity types. For example, they might ask for access to contacts, your calendars, or permission to read and send emails on your behalf.
This is a common feature in tools such as Slack, GSuite, and Office 365, whenever users are signing up or logging in using the OAuth 2.0 protocol.
These permissions can leave your organization at risk of being exposed to potential security and regulatory risks. This is precisely why you need access to an updated list of all granted permissions in order to keep your organization's software ecosystem secure.
Torii's app access management helps you rest assured that only the relevant people have access to the apps they need. This allows you to keep your sensitive data secure and ensure that you're implementing privacy guidelines and meeting compliance regulations.
With the increase in SaaS usage by organizations, you need to be proactive when it comes to shielding your IT ecosystem from security gaps and shadow IT. Shadow IT is the hidden threat that can potentially expose your company's sensitive information and systems to data hacks, while IT managers stay in the dark.
Torii Tool enables IT to run proper audits and risk analyses, get instant alerts, gain visibility into their organization's tech stack, and automate SaaS management related tasks.
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Skip to definition.
Noun: detention cell
 1. A large cell where prisoners (people awaiting trial, sentence, refugees or illegal immigrants) are confined together temporarily
 - bullpen [N. Amer], detention centre [Brit, Cdn], detention center [US]
Derived forms: detention cells
Type of: cell, jail cell, prison cell


ARM Technical Support Knowledge Articles
How is the ARM7TDMI core tested?
Applies to: ARM7TDMI
For the ARM7TDMI, there are essentially 3 different approaches to testing:
 1. Conventional parallel test:
 ARM supplies 10 sets of parallel test vectors, 27k vectors for ARM7TDMI, to test the functionality of the entire core. This test method requires access to all of the I/O signals of the cores, which sometimes might not be possible or feasible for an ARM core embedded in an ASIC.
 2. Using serialised test vectors:
 ARM provides'serialised' test vectors for the ARM7TDMI core to test it through the JTAG port. For ARM7TDMI, this increases the number of vectors to over 900k. The advantage here is that only the 5 JTAG signals need to be accessible to the tester.
 The TAP controller in the ARM processor core is a standard IEEE1149.1 compliant implementation. However, the scan cells used in the ARM7 core are not fully compliant, because they do not have an 'update' stage.
 3. Using AMBA:
 This technique uses ARM's standard on chip bus specifications, AMBA (Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture). If the users ASIC design implements AMBA, a 32 bit bus architecture, then it is possible to apply the AMBA test methodology to the core. The parallel test vectors have been partitioned into 32 bit words which can be applied to the core through the 32 bit test interface of the ASIC if the AMBA test methodology has been adopted.
 The production test patterns for the ARM7TDMI have been converted into AMBA "TIC" (Test Interface Control) patterns which present about 100k test vectors, with generally only 3 extra pins required.
 For ASIC designs using AMBA, this is the recommend approach.
Comparison of production vectors
Here is a vector count comparison between AMBA (TIC), Parallel, and Serialised (access through JTAG) production test vectors:
TestTICParallelSerialised (JTAG)
Tdebug *18025352765716
Tice *651501300355183
* The Debug and ICE test have a high proportion of pre-serialised sections.
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Empirical relationships between salinity and temperature, which vary with longitude, latitude, and depth, have been identified from past data from conductivity-temperature-pressure (CTD) probes and from Argo profiling floats. These data have been interpolated to standard pressure levels and organized spatially so that regression models can be fitted to them at each level within sub-regions of the South Atlantic. A variety of models have been examined, with all combinations of temperature, temperature squared, longitude, and latitude used as regressors. Because of the sparsity of the data, evaluating which of these models should give the most accurate estimates of salinity is difficult.
- Data used for identifying empirical relationships between salinity and temperature
- Sub-regions within which the relationship between salinity and temperature is relatively homogeneous
- Salinity in the South Atlantic has a minimum near the bottom of most XBT profiles.
- Simple estimates of salinity can be obtained using climatological mean fields.
- Regression models offer a flexible and accurate approach to estimating salinity.
- Independent verification allows the accuracy of the salinity estimates to be gauged.
- The regression models can be used for "salting" South Atlantic XBTs.


Converting to Percentiles and Back (1 of 4)
If the mean and standard deviation of a normal distribution are known, it is relatively easy to figure out the percentile rank of a person obtaining a specific score. To be more concrete, assume a test in Introductory Psychology is normally distributed with a mean of 80 and a standard deviation of 5. What is the percentile rank of a person who received a score of 70 on the test?
Mathematical statisticians have developed ways of determining the proportion of a distribution that is below a given number of standard deviations from the mean. They have shown that only 2.3% of the population will be less than or equal to a score two standard deviations below the mean. (click here to see why 70 is two standard deviations below the mean.) In terms of the Introductory Psychology test example, this means that a person scoring 70 would be in the 2.3rd percentile.
normal distributiion
This graph shows the distribution of scores on the test. The shaded area is 2.3% of the total area. The proportion of the area below 70 is equal to the proportion of the scores below 70.


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August 7, 1987 – Lynne Cox becomes the first person to swim from the USA to the Soviet Union
Today in History-
- 1987 – Lynne Cox becomes first person to swim from the United States to the Soviet Union, crossing the Bering Strait from Little Diomede Island in Alaska to Big Diomede in the Soviet Union. Courtesy of Wikipedia.
Lynne Cox (born 1957 in Boston, Massachusetts) is an American long-distance open-water swimmer, writer and speaker. She is best known for being the first person to swim between the United States and the Soviet Union, in the Bering Strait, a feat which has been recognized for easing the Cold War tensions between US President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev.
In 1971, she and her teammates were the first group of teenagers to complete the crossing of the Catalina Island Channel in California. She has twice held the record for the fastest crossing of the English Channel from England to France (1972 in a time of 9 hours 57 minutes and 1973 in a time of 9 hours 36 minutes). In 1975, Cox became the first woman to swim the 10 °C (50 °F), 16 km (10 mi) Cook Straitin New Zealand. In 1976, she was the first person to swim the Straits of Magellan in Chile, and the first to swim around the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa.
Cox is perhaps best known for swimming 2 hour 5 minutes in the Bering Strait on 7 August 1987, from the island of Little Diomede in Alaska to Big Diomede, then part of the Soviet Union, where the water temperature averaged around 43 to 44 °F (6 to 7 °C). At the time people living on the Diomede Islands, only 3.7 km (2.3 mi) apart, were not permitted to travel between them, although the Inuit communities there had been closely linked until the natives of Big Diomede were moved to the Russian mainland after World War II. Her accomplishment a few years before the end of the Cold War earned praise from both US President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev.
At the signing of the INF Missile Treaty at the White House, Gorbachev made a toast. He and President Reagan lifted their glasses and Gorbachev said: "Last summer it took one brave American by the name of Lynne Cox just two hours to swim from one of our countries to the other. We saw on television how sincere and friendly the meeting was between our people and the Americans when she stepped onto the Soviet shore. She proved by her courage how close to each other our peoples live."


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Indian and Himalayan Art
Animal Symbols of the Kings of the Twelve Heavens of the Vaimanika Gods
or Rajasthan, India, Asia
Artist/maker unknown, India
Opaque watercolor and ink on paper
Currently not on view
1935-34-11(26,a)Purchased with the Francis T. S. Darley Fund, 1935
LabelThe complex Jain cosmology expounded in the Sangrahanisutra speaks of four classes of gods, the highest of which are called Vaimanika (flying) because they travel in airborne chariots. Each of the twelve Vaimanika gods has a complete heaven, ruled over by a king. Each king is represented by a different animal, as depicted and named in this painting. They are (left to right, top to bottom): antelope, water buffalo, boar, elephant-lion, ram, swimming spotted animal, horse, elephant, snake, rhinoceros, bull, and gazelle.


text:
SINGING ALPHABET -
UPDATED in 2012...NOW INCLUDES NEW COLOUR PICTURES and 2 CDs! This ever-popular resource is used in many schools across Australia.
It's a great resource for preschoolers too - whether it be in the preschool setting or at home.
YOU NOW RECEIVE:
*The music CD - containing 29 songs on seperate tracks. The songs are repetitive and interactive, encouraging children to make the sound and try and writethe letter.
*NEW! 29 full colour A4-sized cards that show a fun picture that help children link each sound to a letter.The teacher holds up the card and together the corresponding song is sung. For example, "Ugly Uncles u-u-u..." Bright new illustrations printed on recycled card.
*NEW! A CD-ROM containing the 29 newly illustrated cards as blackline masters, so they can be printed, photocopied and coloured in.
*An updated 4 page instruction booklet.
USES: The cards are an excellent pre or early literacy resource suitable for a whole class or for individuals.
SUITABLE FOR: The Singing Alphabet is suitable for children in the early stages of literacy development and some older children in need of revision, depending on developmental levels, needs and interest. It is a great resource for parents to use with preschool-aged children.
$68.00 (inclusive of GST)


text:
No burning before 4 p.m.
Virginia's 4 p.m. Burning Law went into effect Friday, February 15—the start of spring fire season in Virginia. The law prohibits burning before 4 p.m. each day until April 30 if the fire is in, or within 300 feet of, woodland, brushland or fields containing dry grass or other flammable materials.
This law has been on the books since 1950 and has been credited with saving hundreds of thousands of acres from the damages of wildfires. "The 4 p.m. Law is one of the most effective tools we have in the prevention of wildfires," said John Miller, director of resource protection at the Virginia Department of Forestry (VDOF). "By adhering to the law and not burning before 4 p.m., people are less likely to start a fire that threatens them, their property and the forests of Virginia."
Why 4 p.m.? After 4 p.m. the winds calm, the temperature decreases, and the humidity increases—factors that contribute to safer burning conditions.
A violation of the 4 p.m. law is a Class 3 Misdemeanor punishable by a fine up to $500, the cost of damages, and the cost of fire suppression efforts.


Better HOA Letters
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Better HOA Letters
Written by on Tuesday, 18 June 2002 7:00 pm
Writing effective letters requires skill. In homeowner associations, they deal with a variety of topics. Sometimes they are informational, sometimes happy and sometimes not so happy. Whether you are sending good or bad news, it requires planning. The type of letter you write dictates the format.
In general, good news should always go in the first paragraph. And bad news should be placed further back. The opening paragraphs should soften the blow and ease tension. Opening with bad news in the first paragraph will distract the reader from your subsequent explanation and may cause it to be overlooked entirely.
Here are several kinds of letters:
Thank You Letters. Thank you letters are particularly important in HOAs since volunteers receive no pay. The least you can do is recognize their efforts. Doing so totally removes the "thankless" part of the job and encourages more volunteers to serve. Write them promptly. A thank you note loses its impact and sincerity long after the fact. Begin with a simple statement describing what you liked and why you liked it.
Rule Violation Letters. Enforcing rules on neighbors is one of the touchiest things HOAs deal with. But not all rule infractions are something the Board should automatically accept responsibility for enforcing. Most rule breaking should be first dealt with directly between affected neighbors. In other words, insist that neighbors attempt to resolve the issue first before getting involved. Some rule violations break the law (like loud parties and domestic violence). Let the cops handle those.
If the issue truly is the HOA's responsibility, soften the blow by opening the letter with a statement like "Rules are needed to keep the peace and maintain high value of your assets and your home. The few rules we have are not meant to be intrusive. They are meant to be inclusive. If all comply with the rules, better neighbor relations will result. That's a good thing, right?" This approach is intended to promote community. Then you get to the heart of the issue. Quote the appropriate section of the governing documents or rules, request compliance by a certain date and offer the option of appeal.
Collection Letters. Money is the life blood of a homeowner association. Since there is no government bailout for HOAs, if one member doesn't pay, the rest have to pony up. This is particularly painful when it comes to special assessments since the amounts tend to be large.
Opening with a philosophical statement similar to the Rule Violation letter is appropriate. But remember that a member's failure to pay may be more than an unwillingness to pay; it may be an inability to pay (job loss, death, disability, etc.). It's important to get to the root of the problem quickly, so ask, "Is there a problem that prevents you from paying?". There may be a payment plan option if warranted, but be careful not to allow the HOA's bill to sink to the bottom of their pile too quickly. Food and shelter are top priorities. Never allow credit cards, car payments and other less critical expenses to preempt the HOA's needs. Remember, if they don't pay, you and the other members will have to pick up the slack.
Back to the meat of a collection letter: Always provide a current balance along with penalty, interest and other charges accruing. Attach a copy of your Collection Policy which discusses what will happen if the bill is not paid. (You have a Collection Policy right? If not, enact one as soon as possible. There are few things more critical in an HOA than cashflow. Include the deadline for payment before the collection moves to the next phase (more penalties, attorney fees, etc.) A collection letter must demand action.
Follow-Up Letters. These are written in response to a communication you received. Use this basic structure:
 - Express thanks for their concern, idea, suggestion etc.
 - Recap the situation prompting the communication
 - Assure the recipient of your dedication to the issue
 - Invite future communication and input
Complaint Letters. These should never be written in anger. Cool down a day or two if that's what it takes to regain your composure. This is particularly true of email. It's way too easy to fire off something you regret within seconds after it's sent. Complaint letters should point to a solution of a problem rather than venting against some injustice. A constructive tone will vastly increase the chances of getting what you want. Follow these steps:
 1. Describe the problem.
 2. State what is wrong.
 3. Say what you've done about it so far.
 4. Indicate what you want done.
 5. Request a response or resolution by a specific date.
Response to Complaint Letters. A response to a complaint letter varies depending on if you agree or disagree with the complaint.
To agree:
 1. Admit that the complaint is justified and apologize.
 2. State precisely what you are going to do to correct the problem.
 3. End on a positive note.
To disagree:
 1. Thank the writer for writing.
 2. State the complaint to verify you understand what it is.
 3. Explain the Board's view of it.
 4. State your decision clearly, without apology.
 5. Offer alternatives to help the homeowner
Every HOA letter is an opportunity to promote professionalism, reconciliation and harmony. Use better letter techniques to pave the road. For more innovative HOA management solutions and resources, visit _URL_
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 About the author, Richard Thompson


text:
Induction of labor (IOL) rates in the United States have nearly tripled since 1990. We examine official U.S. birth records to document increases in states' IOL rates among pregnancies to Black, Latina, and White women. We test if the increases are associated with changes in demographic characteristics and risk factors among states' racial-ethnic childbearing populations. Among pregnancies to White women, increases in state IOL rates are strongly associated with changes in risk factors among White childbearing populations. However, the rising IOL rates among pregnancies to Black and Latina women are not due to changing factors in their own populations but are instead driven by changing factors among states' White childbearing populations. The results suggest systemic racism may be shaping U.S. obstetric care whereby care is not "centered at the margins" but is instead responsive to characteristics in states' White populations.
J Health Soc Behav
174 - 191
health care inequities, induction of labor, natality data, obstetric practices, structural racism, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Hispanic or Latino, Labor, Induced, Risk Factors, United States, Black or African American, White, Racism, Healthcare Disparities


set without influencing the filter decision. .El .Sh PARAMETERS The rule parameters specify the .Em UPDATES to which a rule applies. An .Em UPDATE always comes from, or goes to, one neighbor. Most parameters are optional, but each can appear at most once per rule. If a parameter is specified, the rule only applies to packets with matching attributes. .Pp .Bl -tag -width Ds -compact .It Ar as-type as-number This rule applies only to .Em UPDATES where the .Em AS path matches. The .Ar as-number is matched against a part of the .Em AS path specified by the .Ar as-type . .Ar as-type is one of the following operators: .Pp .Bl -tag -width transmit-as -compact .It Ic AS (any part) .It Ic peer-as (leftmost AS number) .It Ic source-as (rightmost AS number) .It Ic transit-as (all but the rightmost AS number) .El .Pp Multiple .Ar as-number entries for a given type or .Ar as-type as-number entries may also be specified, separated by commas or whitespace, if enclosed in curly brackets: .Bd -literal -offset indent deny from any AS { 1, 2, 3 } deny from any { AS 1, source-as 2, transit-as 3 } deny from any { AS { 1, 2, 3 }, source-as 4, transit-as 5 } .Ed .Pp .It Xo .Ic community .Ar as-number Ns Li \&: Ns Ar local .Xc .It Ic community Ar name This rule applies only to .Em UPDATES where the .Ic community path attribute is present and matches. Communities are specified as .Ar as-number Ns Li : Ns Ar local , where .Ar as-number is an AS number and .Ar local is a locally significant number between zero and .Li 65535 . Both .Ar as-number and .Ar local may be set to .Sq * to do wildcard matching. Alternatively, well-known communities may be given by name instead and include .Ic NO_EXPORT , .Ic NO_ADVERTISE , .Ic NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED , and .Ic NO_PEER . Both .Ar as-number and .Ar local may be set to .Ic neighbor-as , which is expanded to the current neighbor remote AS number. .Pp .It Xo .Pq Ic from Ns \&| Ns Ic to .Ar peer .Xc This rule applies only to .Em UPDATES coming from, or going to, this particular neighbor. This parameter must be specified. .Ar peer is one of the following: .Pp .Bl -tag -width "group descr" -compact .It Ic any Any neighbor will be matched. .It Ar address Neighbors with this address will be matched. .It Ic group Ar descr Neighbors in this group will be matched. .El .Pp Multiple .Ar peer entries may also be specified, separated by commas or whitespace, if enclosed in curly brackets: .Bd -literal -offset indent deny from { 128.251.16.1, 251.128.16.2, group hojo } .Ed .Pp .It Pq Ic inet Ns \&| Ns Ic inet6 This rule applies only to routes matching the stated address family. The address family needs to be set only in rules that use .Ic prefixlen without specifying a .Ic prefix beforehand. .Pp .It Xo .Ic prefix .Ar address Ns Li / Ns Ar len .Xc This rule applies only to .Em UPDATES for the specified prefix. .Pp Multiple .Ar address Ns Li / Ns Ar len entries may be specified, separated by commas or whitespace, if enclosed in curly brackets: .Bd -literal -offset indent deny from any prefix { 192.168.0.0/16, 10.0.0.0/8 } .Ed .Pp Multiple lists can also be specified, which is useful for macro expansion: .Bd -literal -offset indent good="{ 192.168.0.0/16, 172.16.0.0/12, 10.0.0.0/8 }" bad="{ 224.0.0.0/4, 240.0.0.0/4 }" ugly="{ 127.0.0.1/8, 169.254.0.0/16 }" deny from any prefix { $good $bad $ugly } .Ed .Pp .It Ic prefixlen Ar range This rule applies only to .Em UPDATES for prefixes where the prefixlen matches. Prefix length ranges are specified by using these operators: .Bd -literal -offset indent = (equal) != (unequal) < (less than) <= (less than or equal) > (greater than) >= (greater than or equal) - (range including boundaries) >< (except range) .Ed .Pp >< and - are binary operators (they take two arguments). For instance, to match all prefix lengths >= 8 and <= 12, and hence the CIDR netmasks 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12: .Bd -literal -offset indent prefixlen 8-12 .Ed .Pp Or, to match all prefix lengths < 8 or > 12, and hence the CIDR netmasks 0\(en7 and 13\(en32: .Bd -literal -offset indent prefixlen 8><12 .Ed .Pp .Ic prefixlen can be used together with .Ic prefix . .Pp This will match all prefixes in the 10.0.0.0/8 netblock with netmasks longer than 16: .Bd -literal -offset indent prefix 10.0.0.0/8 prefixlen > 16 .Ed .Pp .It Ic quick If an .Em UPDATE matches a rule which has the .Ic quick option set, this rule is considered the last matching rule, and evaluation of subsequent rules is skipped. .Pp .It Ic set Ar attribute ... All matching rules can set the .Em AS path attributes to some default. The set of every matching rule is applied, not only the last matching one. See also the following section. .El .Sh ATTRIBUTE SET .Em AS path attributes can be modified with .Ic set . .Pp .Ic set can be used on .Ic network statements, in .Ic neighbor or .Ic group blocks, and on filter rules. Attribute sets can be expressed as lists. .Pp The following attributes can be modified: .Pp .Bl -tag -width Ds -compact .It Xo .Ic community Op Ar delete .Ar as-number Ns Li : Ns Ar local .Xc .It Xo .Ic community Op Ar delete .Ar name .Xc Set or delete the .Em COMMUNITIES AS path attribute. Communities are specified as .Ar as-number Ns Li : Ns Ar local , where .Ar as-number is an AS number and .Ar local is a locally-significant number between zero and .Li 65535 . Alternately, well-known communities may be specified by name: .Ic NO_EXPORT , .Ic NO_ADVERTISE , .Ic NO_EXPORT_SUBCONFED , or .Ic NO_PEER . .Pp .It Ic localpref Ar number Set the .Em LOCAL_PREF AS path attribute. If .Ar number starts with a plus or minus sign, .Em LOCAL_PREF will be adjusted by adding or subtracting .Ar number ; otherwise it will be set to .Ar number . The default is 100. .Pp .It Ic med Ar number .It Ic metric Ar number Set the .Em MULTI_EXIT_DISC AS path attribute. If .Ar number starts with a plus or minus sign, .Em MULTI_EXIT_DISC will be adjusted by adding or subtracting .Ar number ; otherwise it will be set to .Ar number . .Pp .It Xo .Ic nexthop .Sm off .Po Ar address \*(Ba .Ic blackhole \*(Ba .Ic reject \*(Ba .Ic self \*(Ba .Ic no-modify Pc .Sm on .Xc Set the .Em NEXTHOP AS path attribute to a different nexthop address or use blackhole or reject routes. If set to .Em no-modify , the nexthop attribute is not modified. Unless set to .Em self , the nexthop is left unmodified for IBGP sessions. .Em self forces the nexthop to be set to the local interface address. .Bd -literal -offset indent set nexthop 192.168.0.1 set nexthop blackhole set nexthop reject set nexthop no-modify set nexthop self .Ed .Pp .It Ic pftable Ar table Add the prefix in the update to the specified .Xr pf 4 table, regardless of whether or not the path was selected for routing. This option may be useful in building realtime blacklists. .Pp .It Ic prepend-neighbor Ar number Prepend the neighbor's AS .Ar number times to the .Em AS path . .Pp .It Ic prepend-self Ar number Prepend the local AS .Ar number times to the .Em AS path . .Pp .It Ic rtlabel Ar label Add the prefix with the specified .Ar label to the kernel routing table. .Pp .It Ic weight Ar number The


text:
Oil filter cartridges - modern constructions
For modern I.C. engines ECO oil filter cartridges are often applied instead of spin-on filters. One of the reasons is that they do not contain any metal elements. These cartridges, similar to the traditionall ones, are installed in dismountable casings, which are an integral part of the engine. The replacement of an used filter cartridge requires more experience than the replacement of a spin-on filter. There is a greater potential risk of leaving the gathered contaminats in the housing or getting them into the oil system during improper proceedings. However, the advantages of using ECO cartridges being mainly the easy utilization, encourage the engine constructors to use them more often.
Modern oil filter casing
Filtration cartridge made in ECO technology
The application of modern materials and construction optimization considering the load analysis of particular elements allowed the elimination of the need for metal parts. They were replaced by elements made out of modern plastic. As a result, the filter cartridge mass have been reduced by even 90%, which is not to be neglected as far as utilization is concerned. Elimination of metal parts allows easy utilisation in incinerator plants, without time consuming and expensive dismounting and segregation so characteristic for spin-on filters and traditional cartridges. The advantages of this solution encouraged filter manufacturers to implement ECO cartridges also for older types of engines, where traditional cartridges with metal bottoms were originally applied.
Oil filter utilisation products


TY - BOOK DB - /z-wcorg/ DP - _URL_ ID - 464593313 LA - English T1 - The Facebook effect : the inside story of the company that is connecting the world AU - Kirkpatrick, David, PB - Simon & Schuster CY - New York Y1 - 2010/// SN - 9781439102114 _PHONE_ 9781439102121 _PHONE_ 9781439109809 143910980X AB - How did a nineteen-year-old Harvard student create a company that has transformed the Internet and how did he grow it to its current enormous size? In half a decade, Facebook has gone from a dorm-room novelty to a company with 500 million users. It is one of the fastest growing companies in history, an essential part of the social life not only of teenagers but millions of adults worldwide. As Facebook spreads around the globe, it creates surprising effects, even becoming instrumental in political protests. The author, a veteran technology reporter had the full cooperation of Facebook's key executives in researching the history of the company and its impact on our lives. In this book he tells us how Facebook was created, why it has flourished, and where it is going next. He chronicles its successes and missteps, and gives readers the most complete assessment anywhere of founder and CEO Mark Zuckerberg. ER -


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 Volume 11, Issue 1 (March 1988)
 Methylene Blue Adsorption as a Rapid and Economical Method of Detecting Smectite
 CODEN: GTJOAD
 Format Pages Price
 PDF 4 $25 ADD TO CART
 Abstract
 Methylene blue adsorption (MBA) is found to be an effective method of indicating when smectite (group name for the mont-morillonite minerals) is present in major amounts in mudrocks or along discontinuities. The basic relationship is that MBA values greater than 15 indicate that smectite is present as 15 is the maximum value found for illite, the next most adsorptive mineral as compared with smectite. For example, the Pierre shale, which typically contains 30 to 40% smectite along with 25 to 45% mixed-layered smectite-illite has a MBA value of 48.5; whereas, the Palastine shale, which has illite rather than smectite as its chief component has a MBA value of only 7.0. The abundant smectite constituted samples are of materials involved either in slope stability or slaking in foundations, or both. MBA requires only a 2-g specimen, and thus clays along discontinuities and clays along thin slip zones of slides can also be analyzed as to type of clay. The method is less expensive than X-ray diffraction analyzes but also can supplement X-ray diffraction investigations.
 Author Information:
 Higgs, NB
 Retired petrographer-engineering geologist, Portland, OR
 Stock #: GTJ10648J
 ISSN: 0149-6115
 DOI: 10.1520/GTJ10648J
 ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.
 Author
 Title Methylene Blue Adsorption as a Rapid and Economical Method of Detecting Smectite
 Symposium , 0000-00-00
 Committee D18


text:
Region - Europe
Region - Asia
Region - South America
Region - unspecific
On the technical side we aim to combine remote sensing systems with model fields and direct measurements. Remote sensing at LCRS includes the reception and processing of satellite data from various sensors at the Marburg Satellite Station (MSS) and a range of ground-based remote sensing instrumentation at our meteorological station.
Our student lab is the primary hub of our teaching activities. Student assistants and students preparing their theses find the tools needed to complete their research and tasks.


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I am creating a search using MySQL & PHP on an existing table structure.
Multiple search keywords can be entered and the user can opt to either match ALL or ANY. The any form is not too difficult, but i am breaking my head on writing an efficient solution for the AND form.
The following is about the AND form, so all the search keywords must be found.
The 2 tables i have to work with (search in) have a structure as follows:
Table1 - item_id (non-unique) - text
Table2 - item_id (unique) - text_a - text_b - text_c
(The real solution will also have a 3rd table, but that is structure the same way as Table1. Table2 will have around 20 searchable columns)
Table1 can have multiple rows for each item_id with different text.
Consider having only 2 search keywords (can be more in real live), then both must exist in: - both in a single row/column or: - in 2 different columns of maybe different tables. or: - in 2 different rows with the same item_id (in case of both keywords found in different rows of Table1)
All i could come up with are very intensive sub-queries but that would bring the server down or the response times would be huge.
As i am using PHP i could use intermediate queries and store the results for use in a later final query.
Anyone some good suggestions?
Edit: There where requests for real examples, so here it goes.
Consider the following 2 tables with data:
Table 1
| item_id | t1_text_a | t1_text_b | t1_text_c | t1_text_d |
| 1 | aaa bbb | NULL | ccc | ddd |
| 2 | aaa ccc | ddd | fff | ggg |
| 3 | bbb | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| item_id | sequence | t2_text |
| 1 | 1 | kkk lll |
| 2 | 1 | kkk |
| 2 | 2 | lll |
| 3 | 1 | mmm |
PS In the real database (which i can not change, so full text indexes or changes to table definition are not an option) Table1 has about 20 searchable columns and there are 2 tables like Table2. This should not make a difference to the solution, although it is something to consider from a performance perspective.
Example searches:
Keywords: aaa bbb
Should return:
- item_id=1. Both keywords are found in column t1_text_a.
Keywords: ccc ddd
Should return:
- item_id=1. "ccc" is found in t1_text_c, "ddd" is found in t1_text_d.
- item_id=2. "ccc" is found in t1_text_a, "ddd" is found in t1_text_b.
Keywords: kkk lll
Should return:
- item_id=1. Both keywords found in a single row of Table2 in column t2_text.
- item_id=2. Both keywords found in Table2, but in separate rows with the same item_id.
Keywords: bbb mmm
Should return:
- item_id=3. "bbb" is found in table1.t1_text_a, "mmm" is found in table2.t2_text.
My progress so far
I actually, for now, gave up on trying to catch this in mostly SQL.
What i did do is to create a query for each table retrieving any row that matches at least 1 of the search keywords. If there is only 1 search keyword the query uses a LIKE, otherwise a REGEXP 'keyword1|keyword2'.
These rows are put in a PHP array with the item_id as the index, and a concatenation of all the strings (searchable columns) as value. When finished retrieving all possible rows, i search the array for rows that match all keywords in the concatenated field.
Most likely not the best solution and it will not scale very well if the search will return many candidate rows with at least 1 match.
share|improve this question
Don't be shy... show what you've tried – Tom H. Oct 19 '11 at 15:58
Nobody got an idea? – Marco Oct 24 '11 at 4:22
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1 Answer
It's hard to provide you with a finite answer since you do not give a lot of details about your case. But maybe this can give you a starting point:
SELECT * FROM table1 AS tbl1
INNER JOIN table2 AS tbl2
tbl1.text LIKE %search_word1%
AND tbl1.text LIKE %search_word2%
AND tbl2.text_a LIKE %search_word1%
AND tbl2.text_a LIKE %search_word2%
AND tbl2.text_b LIKE %search_word1%
AND tbl2.text_b LIKE %search_word2%
AND tbl2.text_c LIKE %search_word1%
AND tbl2.text_c LIKE %search_word2%
You can adapt with JOIN, INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN and the different LIKE and AND/OR statements to obtain the result you're looking for. Google some join examples with LIKE statements for more details.
But as Tom H. said, it'd be better if you could post a more precise table structure and a real exemple of search terms...
share|improve this answer
Thanks for trying to answer my question, but this doesn't work. If it was only this simple... Your query will only return rows where all search keywords are found in all columns. The search should return values where all keywords are found in any column or row. I thought that my original post contained enough information, but will try to create a real example test case and update the question. – Marco Oct 20 '11 at 2:52
First post updated with better examples. – Marco Oct 20 '11 at 3:49
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Your Answer