text:
Problem Identification: Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is prevalent among people with cancer; therefore, it is important to determine whether interventions offered to this population are effective in alleviating FCR. This review summarizes randomized, controlled trials in the literature about the effect of psychosocial interventions on FCR in people with cancer.
Literature Search: A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library.
Data Evaluation: Extracted data included cancer type, number of participants, intervention type and duration, follow-ups, and primary and secondary outcomes.
Synthesis: 10 studies met inclusion criteria. Types of interventions included mindfulness-based therapy (n = 3), cognitive behavioral therapy (n = 4), psychoeducational interventions (n = 1), gratitude interventions (n = 1), and communication interventions (n = 1).
Implications for Practice: Psychosocial interventions are beneficial for alleviating FCR and positively affect depression, anxiety, and quality of life in people with cancer.


Sans Pareil Technologies, Inc.
Key To Your Business
Simple ODM Framework
The uma::bson API added a simple callback based Object-Document Mapping (ODM) framework in version 2.2. This makes it possible for client applications/libraries to create domain models that use the various uma::bson::Value instances to store data and inherit from the abstract uma::bson::Object class. Serialisation to/from BSON is provided by the API through the callback methods.
Serialisation to BSON involves retrieving a list of field names that are to be serialised. The framework iterates over the list of field names and invokes the getValue method to retrieve the value to be serialised. The de-serialisation process invokes the setValue method on the instance to populate the fields with data from the BSON data stream.
Callback Methods
The following three pure virtual methods must be implemented by the model object to enable automatic BSON serialisation support. An optional virtual method must be implemented by model objects that store arrays of other objects.
const Object::FieldNames getFieldNames() const
Return a std::vector<std::string> that lists the fields in the instance that are to be serialised. Note that the order of fields specified is important when comparing different BSON data streams. This method is used primarily during the BSON serialisation process. The equality operator for uma::bson::Object also uses this method.
Value& getValue( const std::string& name )
This method must return the value for the field with the specified name in the object. Note that the API at present requires a reference to the Value, thus forcing clients to model internal fields as uma::bson::Value instances. This is purely for performance reasons, and may be modified in a future version to return an object, which would enable modelling fields as raw datatypes. This method is used by the BSON serialisation process as it iterates over the list of field names, and retrieves the value that is to be serialised.
Note that this method is also used during the de-serialisation process when populating Object data types. The de-serialiser fetches the reference to the current (usually default constructed) Object instance from the destination model instance and then populates it with the data from the BSON stream. This is done to ensure that the Object instance being populated is of the same type as the type used in the destination model class.
void setValue( const std::string& name, const uma::bson::Value& value )
This method is used to set the value of a field in the model object by name. This method is the primary driver for the BSON de-serialisation process. The BSON elements parsed from the data stream trigger invocation of this method with appropriate name and value pairs.
As mentioned in the notes about the getValue method, for Object type fields, the references to the existing instances are fetched from the destination model object and then populated. This method is still invoked with the updated object, so the implementation ideally would check for same memory location before assigning.
Note
Starting with version 2.3 of the API, this method is no longer pure virtual. A default implementation is provided which should handle most needs. The internal BSON de-serialiser fetches the reference to the current object/array fields using the getValue method and populates them. Hence, there should be no need to update the already updated field instance. The method is still virtual to allow any specific customisations, or for cases where client code implements its its own serialisation. The unit test suite has been updated to test the proper behaviour of the default implementation.
Object* getObjectForArray( const std::string& name )
This optional method should be implemented by all model objects that store other objects in an uma::bson::Array. Note that this is not required if the array stores simple types (Integer, Date, String), and is only required when the values stored in the array are other objects. The de-serialisation process will invoke this method, populate and set in the array instance that is being constructed with the BSON data. Note that the Object instance returned must ideally be a freshly created instance on the heap. The uma::bson::Element instance that stores this object instance takes ownership of the memory and hence client code must not delete these instances.
Note that the default implementation for this method throws an exception. Classes that include array fields that store other objects must implement this method, or an exception will be raised at run time. Proper unit testing should catch this issue, and lead to this method being implemented where appropriate.
Sample Model Class
The following sample model class (taken from the unit test suite) illustrates the concepts behind the ODM framework. The ManufacturingObject class contains two fields - name and model. The public interface for the class encapsulates the uma::bson::String fields and presents clients a std::string based interface.
Header File
The class contains two string fields which store the name and model identifier. The public interface for the class allows users to get/set the stored value as std::string instances. The callback methods are made private to ensure that the serialisation implementation is hidden from callers. This in general is the recommended pattern for modelling your domain objects using the ODM framework.
 1: #ifndef SAMPLE_VALUE_MANUFACTUREROBJECT_H
 2: #define SAMPLE_VALUE_MANUFACTUREROBJECT_H
 3:
 4: #include <uma/bson/Object.h>
 5: #include <uma/bson/String.h>
 6:
 7: namespace sample
 8: {
 9: namespace value
 10: {
 11:
 12: class ManufacturerObject : public uma::bson::Object
 13: {
 14: public:
 15: ManufacturerObject() {}
 16:
 17: const std::string& getName() const { return name.getValue(); }
 18: void setName( const std::string& n ) { name.setValue( n ); }
 19:
 20: const std::string& getModel() const { return model.getValue(); }
 21: void setModel( const std::string& m ) { model.setValue( m ); }
 22:
 23:
 24: private:
 25: const FieldNames getFieldNames() const;
 26: uma::bson::Value& getValue( const std::string& name );
 27: void setValue( const std::string& name, const uma::bson::Value& value );
 28:
 29:
 30: private:
 31: uma::bson::String name;
 32: uma::bson::String model;
 33: };
 34:
 35: } // namespace value
 36: } // namespace sample
 37:
 38: #endif // SAMPLE_VALUE_MANUFACTUREROBJECT_H
Implementation File
The getFieldNames method creates a new vector and populates it with the field names. Since this information is unlikely to change at runtime, we may modify the method declaration to make it return a reference to a vector. This will allow a static vector to be maintained and returned to avoid duplicating this information all the time.
Both the getValue and setValue methods throw an exception if an invalid element name is specified. This is generally a good practice and will help find any issues while unit testing the serialisation process.
 1: #include "ManufacturerObject.h"
 2:
 3: using namespace sample::value;
 4: using namespace uma::bson;
 5: using std::string;
 6:
 7:
 8: const Object::FieldNames ManufacturerObject::getFieldNames() const
 9: {
 10: FieldNames names;
 11: names.push_back( "name" );
 12: names.push_back( "model" );
 13:
 14: return names;
 15: }
 16:
 17:
 18: uma::bson::Value& ManufacturerObject::getValue( const string& field )
 19: {
 20: if ( field == "name" ) return name;
 21: if ( field == "model" ) return model;
 22:
 23: throw Poco::InvalidArgumentException( "No field with name: " + field + " in sample::value::ManufacturerObject" );
 24: }
 25:
 26:
 27: void ManufacturerObject::setValue( const string& field, const uma::bson::Value& value )
 28: {
 29: const uma::bson::String& str = dynamic_cast<const uma::bson::String&>( value );
 30:
 31: if ( field == "name" ) { name = str; return; }
 32: if ( field == "model" ) { model = str;


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Drought on the Bogard Ranger District, Lassen National ForestAuthor(s): Raymond D. Ratliff; Jack N. Reppert
Source: Res. Note PSW-RN-080. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 5 p
Publication Series: Research Note (RN)
Station: Pacific Southwest Research Station
PDF: View PDF (702.78 KB)
DescriptionThree of the five years from 1959 to 1963 were drought years in the Bogard Ranier District in northeastern California. Precipitation records for 28 years from the Bogard area show that (a) drought conditions were present in one-third of the years; (b) drought occurred in about 54 percent of the falls and springs, 36 percent or the winters, and 50 percent or the summers; and (c) in 42 percent of the years at least two of the three main seasons (fall, winter, spring) were dry.
- You may send email to _EMAIL_ to request a hard copy of this publication.
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- We recommend that you also print this page and attach it to the printout of the article, to retain the full citation information.
- This article was written and prepared by U.S. Government employees on official time, and is therefore in the public domain.
CitationRatliff, Raymond D.; Reppert, Jack N. 1965. Drought on the Bogard Ranger District, Lassen National Forest. Res. Note PSW-RN-080. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 5 p
- Seasonal and site effects on oak fine root production and ectomycorrhizal colonization in California oak woodland
- Improving plantation establishment by optimizing growth capacity and planting time of western yellow pines
- Irrigation requirements for seed production of three leguminous wildflowers of the U.S. Intermountain West
XML: View XML

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text: In 1279, the Duke of Pomerania Mestwin II granted the convent special privileges. The brick convent complex was constructed at the turn of the 15th Century. The Assumption of the Holiest Virgin Mary's church, which is part of the complex, is made of brick, with a tower above the entrance from the west, crowned with a pitched roof with a stellar vault. The presbytery hosts a richly-decorated Baroque altar (from approximately 1700). The centre presents the scene of the Annunciation, the main characters of which – Mary and Archangel Gabriel – were dressed in silver apparel around the year 1740, which was probably made by the great Gdańsk goldsmith, Jan Gotfryd Schlaubitz. The side altars are equally beautiful, as is the 18th Century baptismal font. Besides this, the temple is home to painted stalls, a Rococo pulpit, and supports in the shape of human faces and angels.


GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES Spanish Simplified Chinese French German Russian Hindi Arabic Portuguese
ERLKONIG, or ERL-King, a mythical character in modern German literature, represented as a gigantic bearded man with a golden crown and trailing garments, who carries children away to that undiscovered country where he himself abides. There is no such personage in ancient German mythology, and the name is linguistically nothing more than the perpetuation of a blunder. It first appeared in Herder's Stimmen der Volker (1778), where it is used in the translation of the Danish song of the Elf-King's Daughter as equivalent to the Danish ellerkonge, or ellekonge, that is, elverkonge, the king of the elves; and the true German word would have been Elbkonig or Elbenkonig, afterwards used under the modified form of Elfenkonig by Wieland in his Oberon (1780). Herder was probably misled bÿ the fact that the Danish word elle signifies not only elf, but also alder tree (Ger. Erle). His mistake at any rate has been perpetuated by both English and French translators, who speak of a "king of the alders," "un roi des aunes," and find an explanation of the myth in the tree-worship of early times, or in the vapoury emanations that hang like weird phantoms round the alder trees at night. The legend was adopted by Goethe as the subject of one of his finest ballads, rendered familiar to English readers by the translations of Lewis and Sir Walter Scott; and since then it has been treated as a musical theme by Reichardt and Schubert.
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Once your file has been uploaded, a green correction mark will appear next to the document name. Continue to select and upload your documents, until you are done loading all of them.


Definitions for "Aperture"
The act of opening.
Modification of the exine of a pollen grain or spore that is the site of exit for the contents (e.g., laesura, colpus, pore).
(adj. aperturate) (( Erdtman, 1947) A specialized region of the ( sporoderm, that is thinner than the remainder of the sporoderm and generally differs in ornamentation and/or in structure. Comment: Apertures are described as simple if they are present in only one wall layer, or compound if they affect more than one layer of the wall. In compound apertures the shape of apertures may differ between layers. Ectoapertures occur in the sexine/ ectexine, endoapertures in the nexine/ endexine, and mesoapertures are sometimes found in an intermediate position between an ectoand endoaperture. Various types of apertures are recognised on the basis of their shape (see, colpus, laesura, porus, sulcus, ulcus), position (see, ana-, cata-, zona-, zono-) or fusion (see, syn-). In living pollen grains or spores the apertures usually function as sites of germination, they may also provide routes for transfer of water and other substances, and play a part in harmomegathy. The term is often used in conjunction with a prefix or suffix, as for example in, ectoaperture, endoaperture, inaperturate, omniaperturate, pseudoaperture, triaperturate.
Apertures are very small spots on the walls of a pollen, where the wall is thinner and/or softer. For germination it is necessary that the pollen tube can reach out from the inner of the pollen and transport the chromosomes to the egg deep down in the pistil. The apertures are the places where the pollen tube is able to brake through the elsewhere very tough pollen wall.
The effective cross-sectional area of the antenna. The larger the aperture, the stronger the signal the antenna receives or transmits.
In a directional antenna, the portion of a plane surface very near the antenna normal to the direction of maximum radiant intensity, through which the major part of the radiation passes. In an acoustic device that launches a sound wave, the passageway, determined by the size of a hole in the inelastic material and the wavelength.
The cross sectional area of an antenna. Also called "Capture Area".
Keywords: autoflash, autofocus, avi
Autofocus Autoflash AVI
Photography ATM Communications
Aperture is a quarterly photography magazine based in New York, New York, USA. The magazine is published by Aperture Foundation, a non-profit organization devoted to fine photography. The foundation also publishes books on fine art photography.
Keywords: azm, paz, handbook, auto, push
The total range (in percentage) of full scale capacity over which a digital weight indicator's "Automatic Zero Maintenance" (AZM) and "Push-button Auto Zero" (PAZ) functions will operate; Handbook 44 maximum is ±2% of full scale.
Aperture Visual Information Manager, a software program for Microsoft Windows, is developed and marketed by Aperture Technologies, Inc, Stamford, CT. Aperture Visual Information Manager combines a high precision drawing system (CAD) with database connections, enabling users to create sophisticated information systems for such applications as office space planning, data center floor planning, etc. Originally developed for the Apple Macintosh in 1990, it is now runs on the Microsoft Windows operating systems.
In general: The smallest elementary Spatio-temporal area addressable by the process of scanning With application to filtering: The configuration and weights of taps defining the filter function in spatio-temporal domain
Keywords: usu, expelled, nozzle, gun, cavity
The cavity where water is expelled from the water gun, usu. a nozzle.
Sorry, this definition is temporarily unavailable.
Aperture is a software program for Mac OS X announced by Apple Computer at a New York media event on October 19, 2005, designed to assist professional photographers in post-production work. It became available in November 2005.
Keywords: parabolic, dish, collection, area
The collection area of a parabolic dish.
Keywords: dial, watch, date, displays, hour
Window that displays the date within the dial of the watch
Where the date is displayed within the dial of the watch
The dials of some watches have apertures in which certain indications or the watche's movement are shown (e.g. the date, the hour)
The space between contiguous parallel wires, expressed in millimeters.
Aperture is a Java framework for extracting and querying full-text content and metadata from various information systems and the file formats occurring in these systems.
Keywords: cpu, ram, rom, chips, hardware
An aperture is a portion of the computer-addressable physical address space which is associated in hardware with a particular device or memory unit. Apertures may reach external devices such as ROM or RAM chips, or internal memories on the accessing CPU itself.
A hole or seam in an electronic equipment enclosure through which internal or external electromagnetic fields may couple.
Vertical, horizontal and depth measurements of facings.
numerical, a measure of the resolving power of the power of an objective respectively.
Keywords: aspect, ratio
Aspect Ratio


What happened in the 19th century?
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What happened in the 19th century? by Mind Map: What happened in the 19th century?
1. Joseph Gayetty invented toilet paper in 1857.
1.1. Gayetty was born in Massachusetts USA, and worked in New York
2. Another inventions
2.1. The telephone, which allowed people to communicate over long distances
2.2.. The modern light bulb
2.3. Photography
2.4. Braille printing.
3. Alfred Nobel
3.1. He invented dynamite in 1867.
3.2. He studied in Russia, excelling in the study of chemistry.
3.3. He experimented with different elements, eventually inventing not only dynamite but other explosives, was well
4. Why do humans use money?
4.1. After that, around 400 BC, the Greeks began to use salt as currency.
4.2. Between 700 and 500 BC, India and China began to use coins.
5. Capitalism
5.1. Use your money, or capital, to create even more money. The better you are at making your money grow, the more money you have. You can even become very wealthy. It depends on how you invest your money.
5.2. Capitalism as we know it really started during the Industrial Revolution around 1760 in England, and got much worse after the Second Industrial Revolution in 1870.
6. Nobel Prize
6.1. Nobel Prize began in 1901 and is given every year to leaders in various fields of science and literature.


Q&A: Why Should Government Employers be Thinking About OPEB Trusts?
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Insights < Q&A: Why Should Governmental Employers be Thinking About OPEB Trusts?
We'll cut to the chase and then fill in the blanks: Any governmental entity, city, or town or that hasn't yet considered creating and funding an OPEB trust should start thinking about it – right now.
With that said, let's take a step back and answer a few questions.
What's OPEB – and why is it important?
OPEB refers to "other post-employment benefits." Put simply, these are any retirement benefits a public employee is promised other than his or her pension. Benefits under the OPEB umbrella include anything from life insurance premiums to post-retirement healthcare costs to deferred-compensation arrangements.
These benefits are typically paid using one of two methods: A so-called pay-as-you-go method, in which a public employer annually allocates a certain percentage of its annual operating budget (or general fund) to disburse to its retirees; or an OPEB trust method, in which an employer annually transfers a set amount of earmarked cash into a dedicated trust fund, and invests it.
Up until the mid-2000s, most governmental employers created dedicated trusts for their employee pension plans, but opted for the pay-as-you-go method for any benefits falling under OPEB. At the time, there were several good reasons for government leaders to take that route.
For one, creating an OPEB trust isn't cheap. It can require a significant up-front investment, which-remember, we're talking about governing bodies-typically means raising taxes. If you're a governor, a mayor, or a town administrator, hiking taxes for any reason is always going to be a tough sell. If the result is a freshly paved highway or noticeable improvements in the school system, the tax increase may go over smoothly. When the result is something your constituents can't see, like the creation of a dedicated trust fund, the sell becomes even tougher.
Many public employers opted for the pay-as-you-go method simply because there wasn't a clear, objective, accounting-based reason to do anything else. That changed in 2004, when the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) issued Statement No. 45.
GASB 45-Accounting and Financial Reporting by Employers for Postemployment Benefits Other Than Pensions-was the first standard that required employers to measure and recognize their OPEB obligations as liabilities (or, in rare cases, assets) in the government-wide financial statements and disclose in the footnotes of their financial statements.
By introducing OPEB obligations to the balance sheet, GASB 45 forced public employers to seriously consider the magnitude of the actuarial liabilities that came with their OPEB benefit plans, and come up with long-term solutions to manage those costs.
One of those solutions, of course, is to create and pre-fund an OPEB trust.
If GASB 45 was issued in 2004, why is this important now?
GASB 45 was fully implemented by 2008. In 2015, GASB 75 was issued, and with it came several significant changes-changes that are set to take effect this June as implementation is required for fiscal years beginning after June 30, 2017.
Setting up a trust also allows employers to utilize higher discount rates (or, investment return assumptions), which are used by actuaries when determining the long-term rate of return on the assets being used to eventually pay the benefits. Those without a trust are forced to use the municipal bond index, which is currently around 2.85%.
How can establishing an OPEB trust benefit your government?
OPEB trusts can help public employers in several ways.
Improved Financial Reporting:
A well-funded OPEB trust can significantly reduce-or, in some cases, eliminate-the employer's net OPEB liability. GASB 75 defines net OPEB liability as "the portion of the present value of projected benefit payments to be provided to current active and inactive employees that is attributed to those employees' past periods of service, less the amount of the OPEB plan's fiduciary net position."
In much, much simpler terms: A public employer's net OPEB liability is the dollar amount of what that employer currently owes – minus what assets it already has stowed away.
If an employer consistently contributes to a trust, it will likely have the ability to annually offset its OPEB liabilities with its on-hand, pre-funded assets. This helps public employers avoid having to explain to a credit-rating agency why they're not working towards reducing significant long-term liabilities on their balance sheet.
Establishing an OPEB trust gives public employers the ability to realize investment returns:
Pay-as-you-go OPEB benefit plans are typically paid annually out of the public employer's general fund. In other words, every year, a slice of a public employer's total budget is set aside and immediately paid out to the employer's retirees.
When an OPEB trust is created, annual appropriation of funds are transferred into the trust and invested. Through the simple power of compounding interest, public employers can watch their annual appropriations grow year after year. This ultimately leads to a reduction in required contributions, potentially saving public employers millions of dollars over the years in the long run.
Finally, establishing an OPEB trust protects employers' assets:
OPEB trust fund are irrevocable. Plan assets are legally protected from creditors of the employer or the plan administrator, and they are dedicated solely to providing retiree benefits in accordance with plan terms. In other words, a pre-funded OPEB trust will ensure all retirees ultimately receive the benefits they've earned.
What first steps do public employers need to take to create an OPEB trust?
The process is complex, and involves a number of IRS-related issues. The first step public sector leaders will need to take is to consult with their financial team and bring in qualified legal counsel.
From there, public employers will need to identify the legal form of the trust they're creating; create an independent board of trustees to control and administer the trust; and assign various fiduciary roles and responsibilities to the people in charge of managing the trust.
Again, it's a complicated process – but, with the new GASB standards taking effect in a few short months, it's a process we strongly recommend considering.
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18. ^ a b c "Karjala - kieli, murre ja paikka".
 19. ^ "Karjala - kieli, murre ja paikka".
 20. ^ Cole, Jeffrey E. (2011-05-25). Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 220. ISBN 978-1-59884-303-3.
External links
 1. ^ This infobox does not include Finnish Karelians, who are considered a subgroup of Finnish people
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text:
- slide 1 of 10
Interpreting customer needs and wants into product specification is the major concern of product designers and Quality Function Deployment is the tool for product designers to turn these requirements which are implicitly expressed in the voice of customer into technical terms to define product specification. QFD can meet the quality that the customer wants and the functions that the products should serve, and defines the explicit relationship between product characteristics and customer requirements.
- slide 2 of 10
What is the Importance of quality function deployment?
Quality function deployment is a challenge of enhancing effective and efficient productivity strategies for sustaining high quality and marketing competitiveness. It is a planning system that addresses many facets of quality achievements. QFD techniques achieve tangible quality improvements with sustainable productivity by interpreting customer's needs and requirements implied in the voice of customer into product specification for achieving cost effective top quality end products and prompt services. QFD is a mean to translate whats into hows, to interpret the colloquial and non-technical language of the customer into the technical terms of product specifications. QFD is applicable, and has been applied, in a vast variety of design, manufacturing, and service cases. There is certain evidence of QFD application in design of medical devices, construction projects, software engineering, evaluation of technical text books, lean manufacturing systems, and many other industrial and service cases. Readers are referred to QFD Institute publications to learn more about examples of such evidences.
- slide 3 of 10
How does QFD translate Whats into Hows?
In QFD applications Whats are translated into Hows through a series of matrices in which defined Hows of the first matrix becomes Whats of the second one, defined Hows of the second matrix becomes Whats of the third one, and so forth, until some quantitative and measurable figure is reached.
The first matrix is usually the Product Planning Matrix followed by the Concept Selection Matrix, multiple Subsystem/Subassembly/Part Deployment Matrices, Process Planning Matrix, and Production Planning Matrix.
- slide 4 of 10
Quality Function Deployment (or QFD) was developed in Japan by Dr. Yoji Akao in 1966. This method emphasizes user demands in producing high quality end products. In order to enhance intrinsic quality functions, quality assurance and quality control parameters were linked together into Value Engineering.
Value Engineering is a methodical system for improving the value of end products and services by scrutinizing the functions of the product. The Quality Value is a ratio of function to its cost. The ultimate goal is to improve functions at a lower cost of production.
Six Sigma is a registered trademark and business management action plan developed by Motorola, USA in 1981. Its aim is to improve entire processes to the top quality level. The probable maximum defects level is restricted to 3.4 defects per million opportunities.
The ISO 9000:2000 Standard also ensures customer satisfaction.
QFD helps planners focus on features of the existing product, and also the criteria of service and marketing view points. The QFD technique yields useful visualization tools in the form of graphs and matrices.
- slide 5 of 10
The Following Techniques are used in QFD
- Affinity Diagrams depict customer requirements and service facilities.
- Relations Diagrams show priorities and root causes of Process problems and customer needs.
- Hierarchy Trees are loaded with checklists of missing data.
- Process Decision program charts help avoid costly mistakes.
- slide 6 of 10
An affinity diagram organizes ideas into common themes and is basically the starting point of the QFD analyzing System.
Probably it is not a bad thing to have lots of ideas, and when a wealth of ideas is available, using them effectively is made easier by analyzing affinity diagrams. The very important information can be structured precisely in these diagrams.
The affinity diagram helps to assimilate large amounts of data related to relationships between ideas. This method is also referred as the KJ method, as Kawakita Jiro (a Japanese anthropologist) developed it.
- slide 7 of 10
Affinity diagrams are brainstorming exercises that can be used in situations where a solution is not readily available, many variables have to be reckoned, and concepts and ideas need to be discussed. Root causes of failure modes can also be identified easily.
Affinity diagrams are great tools for understanding large amounts of information. By working backward to probe broad themes, an insight can be visualized in which you could not find these details otherwise.
Using the affinity diagram approach discovers hidden linkages. The affinity diagram precisely gives a vista vision of hidden information.
Relations Diagrams show different relationships between factors, areas, or processes. They are worthwhile as it makes easy to pick out the salient factors adequately.
There are four types of Hierarchy Trees, namely – Function hierarchy tree, Data hierarchy tree, Notes hierarchy tree, and Attribute hierarchy tree.
- slide 8 of 10
Process decision program chart
The PDPC chart methodically identifies what can go wrong in Planning, Development, and Manufacturing. The Counter-measures action plan is prepared well in advance to avert costly failures.
This is a tree diagram which has three levels. The high level depicts the objective. The second level shows main activities. and the third level defines the tasks needed to accomplish the approved main activities. Problems are displayed in the fourth level.
A brainstorming session is conducted at the third level to identify and avoid what can go wrong in the system. Practical and impractical countermeasures are coded to avoid misuse.
All the potential problems located in the fourth level are intensely reviewed. All the countermeasures action taken is recorded in the fifth level.
The checklist is an important document with rules to be strictly observed in planning, production, quality assurance, stores, dispatch, and service departments.
- slide 9 of 10
Ishikawa diagrams are known as 'fishbone" or "cause and effect" diagrams. These diagrams are considered one of the seven basic tools of quality management, along with the Affinity Diagrams.
The 6 M's Fishbone template is generally used by manufacturers. 6 M's refer to Machine, Method, Materials, Maintenance, Man, and Mother Nature (Environment). You can use the map by selecting any of these: Equipment, Process, People, Materials, Environment, and Management.
Please Note: These images are dummy templates.
You can download the templates from this website. Data can be entered into the templates for analysis.
- slide 10 of 10
Quality Associates International - Quality Function Deployment
View related problem solving posts:
- Creating Affinity Diagrams with MindManager
- SCAMPER Your Way to Success!
- How to Fail Horribly in 2009!
- Breaking Down Complex Problems with MindManager
- Questioning Techniques for Productive Problem Solving
Related QFD Links
- Tips on Managing the Organizational Change Curve
- Best Uses of Electronic Records in Change Management
- Organizational Development and Change Theory
- Stages of the Change Curve
Bright Hub, Inc. - Tips on Developing a Quality Plan for a Project

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Monitoring linear antenna arrays using an exponentially weighted moving average-based fault detection scheme
Additional Document Info
2014 The Author(s). Published by Taylor & Francis. The evolution of modern wireless communications systems has dramatically increased the demand for antenna arrays. An antenna array with certain radiation characteristics is often desired. However, the actual radiation pattern of an antenna array changes when faults are introduced in the array. In this paper a statistical fault detection methodology based on the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control scheme is proposed to detect possible faulty radiation patterns in linear antenna arrays. The proposed method detects the faults based on deviation in the radiation pattern from the desired ones. The difference between synthesized radiation pattern obtained using the Minimax algorithm and the measured pattern can be used as an indicator about the existence or absence of faults. To assess the fault detection abilities of the EWMA control scheme, three case studies are considered, one involving a complete failure in one element in the array, one involving partial failure in two elements, and one involving degradation caused by random noise due to interference and other factors. The simulation results for all cases show the effectiveness of the proposed EWMA fault detection method.


Story: Salt
New Zealand is surrounded by sea water, but attempts to produce salt were unsuccessful for a long time. It was not until the 1940s that an enterprising businessman saw the potential in Lake Grassmere, in the north of the South Island. Exposed to sun and wind, this dramatic site, with its pink ponds and dazzling salt mountains, now produces about half the country's supply.
Story by Carl Walrond
Main image: Crystallisation ponds at Lake Grassmere
Story summary
All images & media in this story
What is salt?
Salt (sodium chloride) is the main mineral in sea water. It is also found under the ground, and in our bodies.
What is it used for?
Salt is used to flavour food, and to preserve butter, meat and fish. It is also used in industry – in textile dyes, bleaching paper and curing leather.
Do we need to eat salt?
Our blood, sweat and tears contain salt, and we need to eat small amounts to stay healthy. But many people eat too much salt, which can cause high blood pressure and other problems.
Since 1924, iodine has been added to New Zealand table salt. In the past, many New Zealanders lacked iodine, and as a result, some had goitre – an enlargement of the thyroid gland causing a swelling of the neck. Now the disease has almost disappeared.
Salt in New Zealand
Māori got their salt by eating seafood. The early settlers had to import it, and a few people tried unsuccessfully to extract it from the sea. Salt was not made locally for many years.
Early days of salt making at Lake Grassmere
During the Second World War, Christchurch businessman George Skellerup needed salt to recycle old rubber. In 1942 he decided to start a salt works at Lake Grassmere, in the north of the South Island. The conditions were ideal for getting salt from sea water: the lake bed was large and flat, rainfall was low, and there was plenty of wind and sun to evaporate the water. By 1970 the salt works were producing almost 52,000 tonnes of salt a year.
How is salt made at Lake Grassmere?
By 2005, about half of New Zealand's salt was being produced at Lake Grassmere. There are several steps in the process:
 - Sea water is pumped into the lake.
 - Wind and sun evaporate the water, leaving brine (salty water).
 - The brine is moved to concentration ponds, where the salt content increases.
 - Over winter the brine is pumped into holding ponds.
 - Each October it is pumped into crystallisation ponds, where salt crystals form.
 - The crystallised salt is scooped up, washed, and stacked in huge piles for delivery.
Lake Grassmere's pink ponds are a unique sight – their colour comes from the algae and brine shrimps that live in salty water.
How to cite this page:
Carl Walrond, 'Salt', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, _URL_ (accessed 17 October 2021)
Story by Carl Walrond, published 12 Jun 2006


text:
BeDAK: Belajar Dengan Akronim.
How to prepare an insoluble salt?
1. Pour 50 cm3 of 1mol dm-3 … solution into a beaker. (Pour = Po)
2. Pour 50 cm3 of 1mol dm-3 … solution into the beaker. (Pour = P)
3. Stir the mixture with the glass rod. (Stir = S)
4. Filter the mixture to get the residue. (Filter = F)
5. Rinse the residue with distilled water. (Rinse = Ri)
6. Dry the residue in between filter papers. (Dry = D)
7. Chemical equation.
Both salt solutions are soluble salt and one of them must have 'cation' and another have 'anion' of the insoluble salt.
The formula: PoPS FRiD
Sertai kami di Facebook. Klik di sini.


text:
The theme of this itinerary is the relationship between viticulture and the territory. Environmental characteristics and favourable climatic conditions with the right ratio of sun and rain made the Mendrisiotto an ideal area for viticulture.
This third route dedicated to Merlot takes stretches from the plain of the Laveggio to the slopes of Monte San Giorgio. Crossing the border towards Clivio, in nearby Italy, it goes through hilly landscapes where grape reigns unquestionably supreme. All villages on this versant of Mendrisiotto are touched by this itinerary: small hamlets that preserve a great artistic wealth, an expression of the remarkable abilities conquered by the craftsmen of these lands, the unveiling of which keeps up with that of the territory; secluded spots where the stones of the terracings merge with those of the houses, and where some traditional activities, such as the quarrying and working of stone, are still alive.
A path full of charm, but also long and demanding, which can however be enjoyed also in stages, using the existing, well articulated excursion-network.
- Hiking boots
- Sun cap
- Sun cream
- Hiking map
Montagnepulite: This project was born to promote an effective management and sustainable use of mountain huts in Ticino, and in particular the litter management. The responsible management of litter in the mountains is a matter of common sense. We can all contribute: _URL_


Image.IsMask Then
 Return
 End If
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 saveStateAndDraw(gr, im.ClipRegion,
 Sub()
 gr.TranslateTransform(im.Position.X, im.Position.Y)
 concatMatrix(gr, im.TransformationMatrix)
 ' Important for rendering of neighbour image tiles
 gr.PixelOffsetMode = PixelOffsetMode.Half
 Dim imageSize As New PdfSize(im.Image.Width, im.Image.Height)
 If imageSize.Width < bitmap.Width AndAlso imageSize.Height < bitmap.Height Then
 ' the bitmap produced from the image is larger than the image.
 ' usually this happens when image has a mask image which is larger than the image itself.
 Dim current As InterpolationMode = gr.InterpolationMode
 gr.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic
 gr.DrawImage(bitmap, 0, 0, CSng(imageSize.Width), CSng(imageSize.Height))
 gr.InterpolationMode = current
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 ' bitmap has the same size
 ' or one of it's dimensions is longer than the corresponding image dimension
 gr.DrawImage(bitmap, 0, 0, bitmap.Width, bitmap.Height)
 End If
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 Private Shared Sub drawPath(gr As Graphics, path As PdfPath)
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 saveStateAndDraw(gr, path.ClipRegion,
 Sub()
 concatMatrix(gr, path.TransformationMatrix)
 Using gdiPath = New GraphicsPath()
 toGdiPath(path, gdiPath)
 fillStrokePath(gr, path, gdiPath)
 End Using
 End Sub
 )
 End Sub
 Private Shared Sub saveStateAndDraw(gr As Graphics, clipRegion As PdfClipRegion, draw As Action)
 Dim state = gr.Save()
 Try
 setClipRegion(gr, clipRegion)
 draw()
 Finally
 gr.Restore(state)
 End Try
 End Sub
 Private Shared Sub setClipRegion(gr As Graphics, clipRegion As PdfClipRegion)
 If clipRegion.IntersectedPaths.Count = 0 Then
 Return
 End If
 Dim transformationBefore As Matrix = gr.Transform
 Try
 gr.Transform = New Matrix()
 For Each clipPath As PdfPath In clipRegion.IntersectedPaths
 Using gdiPath = New GraphicsPath()
 toGdiPath(clipPath, gdiPath)
 gdiPath.Transform(toGdiMatrix(clipPath.TransformationMatrix))
 gdiPath.FillMode = DirectCast(clipPath.ClipMode.Value, FillMode)
 gr.SetClip(gdiPath, CombineMode.Intersect)
 End Using
 Next
 Finally
 gr.Transform = transformationBefore
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 End Sub
 Private Shared Sub toGdiPath(path As PdfPath, gdiPath As GraphicsPath)
 For Each subpath As PdfSubpath In path.Subpaths
 gdiPath.StartFigure()
 For Each segment As PdfPathSegment In subpath.Segments
 Select Case segment.Type
 Case PdfPathSegmentType.Point
 ' A singlepoint open subpath produces no output.
 Exit Select
 Case PdfPathSegmentType.Line
 Dim line As PdfLineSegment = DirectCast(segment, PdfLineSegment)
 gdiPath.AddLine(line.Start.ToPointF(), line.[End].ToPointF())
 Exit Select
 Case PdfPathSegmentType.Bezier
 Dim bezier As PdfBezierSegment = DirectCast(segment, PdfBezierSegment)
 gdiPath.AddBezier(bezier.Start.ToPointF(), bezier.FirstControl.ToPointF(), bezier.SecondControl.ToPointF(), bezier.[End].ToPointF())
 Exit Select
 Case PdfPathSegmentType.Rectangle
 Dim rect As RectangleF = DirectCast(segment, PdfRectangleSegment).Bounds.ToRectangleF()
 ' GDI+ does not render rectangles with negative or very small width and height. Render such
 ' rectangles by lines, but respect direction. Otherwise non-zero winding rule for
 ' path filling will not work.
 gdiPath.AddLines(New PointF() {rect.Location, New PointF(rect.X + rect.Width, rect.Y), New PointF(rect.X + rect.Width, rect.Y + rect.Height), New PointF(rect.X, rect.Y + rect.Height), rect.Location})
 Exit Select
 Case PdfPathSegmentType.CloseSubpath
 gdiPath.CloseFigure()
 Exit Select
 End Select
 Next
 Next
 End Sub
 Private Shared Sub fillStrokePath(gr As Graphics, path As PdfPath, gdiPath As GraphicsPath)
 Dim paintMode As PdfDrawMode = path.PaintMode.Value
 If paintMode = PdfDrawMode.Fill OrElse paintMode = PdfDrawMode.FillAndStroke Then
 Using brush = toGdiBrush(path.Brush)
 gdiPath.FillMode = DirectCast(path.FillMode.Value, FillMode)
 gr.FillPath(brush, gdiPath)
 End Using
 End If
 If paintMode = PdfDrawMode.Stroke OrElse paintMode = PdfDrawMode.FillAndStroke Then
 Using pen = toGdiPen(path.Pen)
 gr.DrawPath(pen, gdiPath)
 End Using
 End If
 End Sub
 Private Shared Sub concatMatrix(gr As Graphics, transformation As PdfMatrix)
 Using m = toGdiMatrix(transformation)
 Using current As Matrix = gr.Transform
 current.Multiply(m, MatrixOrder.Prepend)
 gr.Transform = current
 End Using
 End Using
 End Sub
 Private Shared Function toGdiMatrix(matrix As PdfMatrix) As Matrix
 Return New Matrix(matrix.M11, matrix.M12, matrix.M21, matrix.M22, matrix.OffsetX, matrix.OffsetY)
 End Function
 Private Shared Function toGdiBrush(brush As PdfBrushInfo) As Brush
 Return New SolidBrush(toGdiColor(brush.Color, brush.Opacity))
 End Function
 Private Shared Function toGdiPen(pen As PdfPenInfo) As Pen
 Dim gdiPen As Pen = New Pen(toGdiColor(pen.Color, pen.Opacity), pen.Width)
 gdiPen.LineJoin = toGdiLineJoin(pen.LineJoin)
 gdiPen.EndCap = toGdiLineCap(pen.EndCap)
 gdiPen.MiterLimit = CSng(pen.MiterLimit)
 Return gdiPen
 End Function
 Private Shared Function toGdiColor(pdfColor As PdfColor, opacityPercent As Integer) As Color
 If pdfColor Is Nothing Then
 Return Color.Empty
 End If
 ' NOTE: PdfColor.ToColor() method is not supported in version for .NET Standard
 Dim gdiColor As Color = pdfColor.ToColor()
 Dim alpha As Integer = 255
 If opacityPercent < 100 AndAlso opacityPercent >= 0 Then
 alpha = CInt(255.0 * opacityPercent / 100.0)
 End If
 Return Color.FromArgb(alpha, gdiColor.R, gdiColor.G, gdiColor.B)
 End Function
 Private Shared Function toGdiFont(font As PdfFont, fontSize As Double) As Font
 Dim fontName As String = getFontName(font)
 Dim fontStyle As FontStyle = getFontStyle(font)
 Return New Font(fontName, CSng(fontSize), fontStyle)
 End Function
 Private Shared Function toGdiLineCap(pdfLineCap As PdfLineCap) As LineCap
 Select Case pdfLineCap
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 Return LineCap.Flat
 Case PdfLineCap.Round
 Return LineCap.Round
 Case PdfLineCap.ProjectingSquare
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 End Select
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 Private Shared Function toGdiLineJoin(pdfLineJoin As PdfLineJoin) As LineJoin
 Select Case pdfLineJoin
 Case PdfLineJoin.Miter
 Return LineJoin.Miter
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 Return LineJoin.Round
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 Private Shared Function getFontName(font As PdfFont) As String
 ' A trick to load a similar font for system. Ideally we should load font from raw bytes. Use Pdf


text:
TOPEKA, Kan. (AP) Two Kansas professors are making the case that a major solar burst may have happened more than 1,200 years ago.
Brian Thomas of Washburn University and Adrian Melott of the University of Kansas became interested after reading that tree samples from the years 774 and 775 showed a spike in the amount of carbon-14 in the atmosphere. The Japanese scientists who made the discovery ruled out a major solar event based on their calculations.
Thomas and Melott noticed that those calculations assumed the solar event would emit energy evenly. But Thomas is an associate professor of physics and astronomy, and he says that's not how the complicated energy bursts at the sun's surface actually work.
Thomas and Melott's response appeared in the online edition of the journal Nature.


Cylindrical Eigenfunction Expansion
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Introduction
There are any situations where we want to expand the three-dimensional linear water wave solution in cylindrical co-ordinates. For example, scattering from a Bottom Mounted Cylinder or scattering from a Circular Floating Elastic Plate. In these cases it is easy to find the solution by an expansion in the cylindrical eigenfunctions. If the depth dependence can be removed the solution reduces to a two dimensional problem (see Removing The Depth Dependence). While the theory here does apply in this two dimensional situtation, the theory is presented here for the fully three dimensional (depth dependent) case. We begin by assuming the Frequency Domain Problem.
Outine of the theory
The problem for the complex water velocity potential in suitable non-dimensionalised cylindrical coordinates, [math]\phi (r,\theta,z)[/math], is given by
[math] \frac{1}{r} \frac{\partial}{\partial r} \left( r \frac{\partial \phi}{\partial r} \right) + \frac{1}{r^2} \frac{\partial^2 \phi}{\partial \theta^2} + \frac{\partial^2 \phi}{\partial z^2} = 0, \quad (r,\theta,z) \in \Omega [/math]
[math]\frac{\partial \phi}{\partial z} = \alpha \phi , \quad z=0 [/math]
[math] \frac{\partial \phi}{\partial z} = 0, z=-h [/math]
In three-dimensions the Sommerfeld Radiation Condition is
[math] \sqrt{|\mathbf{r}|}\left( \frac{\partial}{\partial|\mathbf{r}|} - \mathrm{i} k \right) (\phi-\phi^{\mathrm{{I}}})=0,\;\mathrm{{as\;}}|\mathbf{r}|\rightarrow\infty\mathrm{.} [/math]
where [math]\phi^{\mathrm{{I}}}[/math] is the incident potential.
The solution of the problem for the potential in finite water depth can be found by a separation ansatz,
[math] \phi (r,\theta,z) =: Y(r,\theta) Z(z).\, [/math]
Substituting this into the equation for [math]\phi[/math] yields
[math] \frac{1}{Y(r,\theta)} \left[ \frac{1}{r} \frac{\partial}{\partial r} \left( r \frac{\partial Y}{\partial r} \right) + \frac{1}{r^2} \frac{\partial^2 Y}{\partial \theta^2} \right] = - \frac{1}{Z(z)} \frac{\mathrm{d}^2 Z}{\mathrm{d} z^2} = k^2. [/math]
The possible separation constants [math]k[/math] will be determined by the free surface condition and the bed condition.
Separation of variables for a free surface
We use separation of variables
We express the potential as
[math] \phi(x,z) = X(x)Z(z)\, [/math]
and then Laplace's equation becomes
[math] \frac{X^{\prime\prime}}{X} = - \frac{Z^{\prime\prime}}{Z} = k^2 [/math]
The separation of variables equation for deriving free surface eigenfunctions is as follows:
[math] Z^{\prime\prime} + k^2 Z =0. [/math]
subject to the boundary conditions
[math] Z^{\prime}(-h) = 0 [/math]
and
[math] Z^{\prime}(0) = \alpha Z(0) [/math]
We can then use the boundary condition at [math]z=-h \, [/math] to write
[math] Z = \frac{\cos k(z+h)}{\cos kh} [/math]
where we have chosen the value of the coefficent so we have unit value at [math]z=0[/math]. The boundary condition at the free surface ([math]z=0 \,[/math]) gives rise to:
[math] k\tan\left( kh\right) =-\alpha \, [/math]
which is the Dispersion Relation for a Free Surface
The above equation is a transcendental equation. If we solve for all roots in the complex plane we find that the first root is a pair of imaginary roots. We denote the imaginary solutions of this equation by [math]k_{0}=\pm ik \,[/math] and the positive real solutions by [math]k_{m} \,[/math], [math]m\geq1[/math]. The [math]k \,[/math] of the imaginary solution is the wavenumber. We put the imaginary roots back into the equation above and use the hyperbolic relations
[math] \cos ix = \cosh x, \quad \sin ix = i\sinh x, [/math]
to arrive at the dispersion relation
[math] \alpha = k\tanh kh. [/math]
We note that for a specified frequency [math]\omega \,[/math] the equation determines the wavenumber [math]k \,[/math].
Finally we define the function [math]Z(z) \,[/math] as
[math] \chi_{m}\left( z\right) =\frac{\cos k_{m}(z+h)}{\cos k_{m}h},\quad m\geq0 [/math]
as the vertical eigenfunction of the potential in the open water region. From Sturm-Liouville theory the vertical eigenfunctions are orthogonal. They can be normalised to be orthonormal, but this has no advantages for a numerical implementation. It can be shown that
[math] \int\nolimits_{-h}^{0}\chi_{m}(z)\chi_{n}(z) \mathrm{d} z=A_{n}\delta_{mn} [/math]
where
[math] A_{n}=\frac{1}{2}\left( \frac{\cos k_{n}h\sin k_{n}h+k_{n}h}{k_{n}\cos ^{2}k_{n}h}\right). [/math]
Separation of Variable for the [math]r[/math] and [math]\theta[/math] coordinates
For the solution of
[math] \frac{1}{r} \frac{\partial}{\partial r} \left( r \frac{\partial Y}{\partial r} \right) + \frac{1}{r^2} \frac{\partial^2 Y}{\partial \theta^2} = k_m^2 Y(r,\theta), [/math]
we use the separation
[math] \,\!Y(r,\theta) =: R(r) \Theta(\theta). [/math]
Substituting this into Laplace's equation yields
[math] \frac{r^2}{R(r)} \left[ \frac{1}{r} \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}r} \left( r \frac{\mathrm{d} R}{\mathrm{d}r} \right) - k_m^2 R(r) \right] = - \frac{1}{\Theta (\theta)} \frac{\mathrm{d}^2 \Theta}{\mathrm{d} \theta^2} = \eta^2, [/math]
where the separation constant [math]\eta[/math] must be an integer, say [math]\nu[/math], in order for the potential to be continuous. [math]\Theta (\theta)[/math] can therefore be expressed as
[math] \Theta (\theta) = C \, \mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i} \nu \theta}, \quad \nu \in \mathbb{Z}. [/math]
We also obtain the following expression
[math] r \frac


text:
WATSONVILLE — A lush, verdant garden stands in what was once a barren, weed-choked plot in the north part of Watsonville.
The garden, called Mi Jardin Verde is adjacent to All Saints Episcopal Church. There, 50 families each maintain their own plot, growing vegetables and other food that help supplement their diets.
Tall stands of corn grow there, along with rows of beans, carrots, hot peppers and dozens of other vegetables.
The garden is part of Mesa Verde Gardens, a project of three gardens where 80 Watsonville families work the earth to grow their own food.
On Wednesday, 40 students from UC Santa Cruz's Apprenticeship in Ecological Horticulture program visited the garden to see a working example of one of the very things they study — how to enable individuals to grow their own food organically in a sustainable way.
For the complete article see the 06-28-2012 issue.
Click here to purchase an electronic version of the 06-28-2012 paper.
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source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
This paper studies the performance based vulnerability assessment of midrise masonry structures against seismic activity using Extreme Loading® for Structures (ELS).
A thorough four-step performance-based seismic evaluation for a six-story unreinforced masonry building is conducted. Incremental dynamic analysis is carried out using the applied element method to take advantage of its ability to simulate progressive collapse of the masonry structure including out-of-plane failure of the walls. The distribution of the structural responses and inters-tory drifts from the incremental dynamic analysis curves are used to develop both spectral-based (Sa) and displacement-based (interstory drift) fragility curves at three structural performance levels. The curves resulting from three-dimensional (3-D) analyses using unidirectional ground motions are combined using the weakest link theory to propose combined fragility curves. Finally, the mean annual frequencies of exceeding the three performance levels are calculated using the spectral acceleration values at four probability levels 2%, 5%, 10%, and 40% in 50 years. The method is shown to be useful for seismic vulnerability evaluations in regions where little observed damage data exists.
Karbassi A., Nollet M. Performance-Based Seismic Vulnerability Evaluation of Masonry Buildings Using Applied Element Method in a Nonlinear Dynamic-Based Analytical Procedure: Earthquake Spectra: May 2013, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 399-426.


text:
Atelerix's newest patent application extends protection to preserving viruses
Atelerix has received notification that its newest patent application has been published pertaining to the STORING AND/OR TRANSPORTING OF EXTRACELLULAR NUCLEIC ACIDS (WO 2022/101640). This application was made after the surprising observation that Atelerix's hydrogel-encapsulation technology (in the form of SwabReady™) was able to extend the shelf life of free Coronavirus samples when stored at room temperature. Whilst in conventional viral transport medium viral function fell to non-detectable levels after 3 days, SwabReady™ extended this to at least 2 weeks with no drop-off in viral function (a massive 5-fold extension in shelf life). This spurred further studies into other viruses such as Lentivirus where the performance of SwabReady™ was equally impressive with no drop-off in viral function after 2 weeks, whilst this fell to non-detectable levels by 3 days in the control.
With no observable drop-off in performance over time, Atelerix is actively looking at extending room temperature storage from weeks to months, as well as widening the number of viruses tested using our technology. It is hoped that this will form the basis for developing products to improve the surveillance of active and emerging viruses, provide an off the shelf solution for the non-cryo distribution of viral vectors, and even increase the equitable access of RNA-based vaccines through removing the need for ultra-low temperature shipment.


text:
September 9, 2008
Denmark Supports Renewable Energy and District Heating in Russia
The Danish Energy Agency has signed an agreement to support a renewable energy project in Russia. As part of the agreement, Denmark will purchase CO2 credits from the project under the joint implementation mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol.
The project reduces CO2 emissions by 446,000 tons until 2017 which is approximately equivalent to the annual emissions of 11,000 Danish households.
During the winter, temperatures in Priozersk can fall below minus 20 degrees Celsius and the citizens are therefore dependent on a reliable supply of heat. The new, modern boiler houses provide a much more stable, efficient and environmental friendly heat-supply that also reduces CO2 emissions, according to The Danish Energy Agency.
A small part of the CO2 reductions will come from retrofitting the heating network. Furthermore, the project entails the replacement and installation of heating sub-stations as well as the installation of new thermal windows in the buildings which receive heating from the boiler houses.


text:
The Truth Behind 'Go Ask Alice'
Aug. 3, 2022 – If you grew up in the 1970s and 1980s, chances are high you're familiar with Go Ask Alice.
What was then said to be the real diary of a 15-year-old promising teen turned drug addict was released in 1971 as a cautionary tale and has since sold over 5 million copies. The diary was harrowing against the backdrop of the war on drugs and soon became both acclaimed and banned from classrooms across the country.
Schools citied "inappropriate" language that "borders on pornography" as grounds to prohibit teenagers from reading Alice's story. But as much as the book's vivid writing offended readers, it drew millions in with its profanity and graphic descriptions of sex, drugs, and mental health struggles.
At the time, TheNew York Times reviewed the book as "a strong, painfully honest, nakedly candid and true story … a document of horrifying reality," but the popular diary was later found to be a ploy – a fake story written by a 54-year-old Mormon youth counselor named Beatrice Sparks.
Now, Sparks, who died in 2012, has been further exposed in radio personality Rick Emerson's new book, Unmask Alice: LSD, Satanic Panic, and the Imposter Behind the World's Most Notorious Diaries. Emerson published the exposé in July, years after he had the idea to investigate Sparks's work in 2015. The book details Sparks's background, her journey in creating Alice, and her quest to be recognized for the teen diary she had published as "Anonymous."
"After 30 years of trying, Beatrice Sparks had changed the world. And nobody knew it," Emerson told the New York Post.
In his work, Emerson also dives into the profound impact of the diary at a time when not as much research existed on teen mental health.
When the teenager whose diary inspired Sparks's writing "died in March 1971, the very first true study of adolescent psychology had just barely come out," Emerson said to Rolling Stone. "Mental health, especially for young people, was still very much on training wheels."
According to Emerson, a lack of insight into mental health issues allowed Sparks's description to go relatively unchallenged and for the book's influence to spread despite its misinformation.
"It's indisputable that large sections of 'Go Ask Alice' are just embellished and/or false," he told the Post.
Then vs. Now
When Go Ask Alice was published, child psychiatry and psychology literature contained relatively few references to depression, confirming a 2021 analysis of academic literature on childhood and adolescent depression from 1970 to 2019.
This landscape is in stark contrast to today, where thousands of studies on the topic have been done, compared to the mere dozens in the 1970s.
Anxiety and depression in minors have increased over time, a trend worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic, according to the CDC. Studies have shown that reported drug use in teens has decreased over time, proving significant during the pandemic, according to the National Institutes of Health.
While Alice from Go Ask Alice has not existed in either, comparing the two periods can offer insight into teens' struggles in the 1970s vs. today and sheds light on how literature – fiction or faked fiction – can transform a nation.


text:
What might be novel and imaginative ways to measure the immeasurable (a theme associated with exploring the vastness and opportunity of space)?
Students conducted a comprehensive analysis of the overall aerospace industry, messaging and positioning, and branding to hone an initial set of insights and recommendations for the International Space Station.
Based on research findings, the student team expanded the initial goals to pinpoint new areas of opportunity for the Space Station: help bring a renewed focus, timeliness, and relevancy to low Earth orbit by increasing awareness of the Space Station among the general public. The student team brainstormed ideas, developed prototypes, and tested concepts.
- A comprehensive brand guideline & storytelling toolkit
- A multitude of interactive online experiences
- Brand partnership strategies
- Innovative social media strategies
Richard L. Tso
View NASA's IS-1 project for 2020.


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Tales of a City Tours
Tales of a City Tours is the only tour operator of its kind in the UK – a social enterprise which provides a unique perspective on our awesome city of Leeds, through PayAs- YouFeel cultural walking tours led by refugees.
We aim to promote cross-cultural understanding by creating a space for different cultures to connect and learn from each other, focusing particularly on supporting refugees and improving society's understanding of their experiences.
Our vision is of a multicultural society in which people are tolerant and mutually accepting of one another: 'in diversity, there is beauty and strength'.
Sorry, there are no upcoming events


Energy-harvesting Playground Equipment
Woman on playground merry-go-round
Imagine if every rotation of the merry-go-round produced power for nearby streetlamps. It could be a reality in the not-so-distant future.
Energy-harvesting playground equipment is pretty much exactly what it sounds like -- playground equipment that is capable of collecting and storing energy. The kinetic energy from your movements could be used to power everything from outdoor playground lighting to possibly even nearby buildings, depending on how many people use the energy-harvesting equipment (the more people working out, the more electricity generated and collected).
Does this sound far-fetched and futuristic? Designers and engineers are already hard at work on the technology. And just how much electricity can you generate while you're on the playground? When you're engaged in moderate-intensity exercise, you generate about 50 watts of electricity in one hour [source: California Fitness]. In the future, the answer to an energy crisis could be as simple as child's play -- literally.


Age Lea Gabrielle
age of Lea Gabrielle
age Lea Gabrielle
age: 46
The age of Lea Gabrielle is 46 years old.
Lea Gabrielle is born in 1975-03-19.
1. Where did Lea Gabrielle come from?
While attending Mount Vernon High School in Fairfax County, Virginia, Gabrielle was named a finalist in the Westinghouse Science Talent Search. She is a 1997 graduate of the United States Naval Academy, earning a bachelor of science in mechanical engineering. Entering the active-duty Navy after graduation, Gabrielle attended the U.S. Navy Flight School at Naval Air Station Pensacola in Florida from 1998 to 2000, earning her Naval Aviator Wings. She is also qualified with an instrument rating and as a commercial pilot.
2. What could we know about Lea Gabrielle besides his age?
She served in the United States Navy for twelve years and was a naval aviator of the single-seat F/A-18 « Hornet, » with combat deployment from USS George Washington. Her call sign as a pilot was « Flower ». Additional duties were as a landing signal officer (LSO) and as a squadron public affairs officer. She also served as an intelligence operations officer during Operation Enduring Freedom, and while in Afghanistan she was embedded with a Navy SEAL unit conducting intelligence operations. She was also a defense foreign liaison officer.
3. What are the projects of Lea Gabrielle?
age of Lea Gabrielle, the age of Lea Gabrielle, Lea Gabrielle age
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🎙 🌍 🎤 🎵 🎹 🔴 🎬


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Coming out in the spring of 2020
About the Book
The Book of Fairax is Dark Ages Britain historic fantasy where the grim authenticity of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle meets the intimate lyricism of This Side of Paradise.
This is the tale John Doe tells Anna Reilly when she holds him to his promise of full disclosure. Its events take place in the 7th Century, but in the chronology of Over the Hills of Green the story belongs after Part I and Part II of the novel.
As Roman Christianity and the Old Ways clash in the 7th Century Britain, a young Angle warrior struggles to reconcile his humanity with his mystical origins. Woven into the fabric of a greater historical and an even greater metaphysical reality, one eccentric boy's coming of age story unfolds as an intensely personal, yet universally human quest for love, faith and belonging.
Illustrations by Nigel Hendrickson


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Virile crayfish (Orconectes virilis
Virile crayfish have been recorded in some lengths of river in the London area, these are the only known populations in the UK. They are not a European species and originate from the USA and Canada. Virile crayfish are likely to be carriers of crayfish plague and can increase in numbers quickly. Their burrowing activity causes damage to river banks.
Virile crayfish (Orconectes virilis) © D.M. Holdich
FACTFILE: The Virile crayfish has a body length less than 10cm and it is smooth, chestnut or chocolate in colour with a bowl-shaped or wine glass-shaped light brown pattern. Their claws are the same colour as the body on the upper surface and dirty-white on the underside; they have prominent yellow warty spots on them. They can easily be confused with spiny-cheek crayfish and other species, especially when young.
Virile and Signal crayfish © Adam Ellis


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Conditioned place preference or aversion as animal welfare assessment tools: limitations in their application
MetadataShow full item record
Conditioned place preference (CPP) or aversion (CPA) methods are potentially useful tools in animal welfare assessment because they permit measurement of the reinforcing properties of a stimulus in the absence of the stimulus itself. We used CPP/CPA techniques in a series of experiments to assess the preference of food restricted broiler breeders for increased food quantities or avoidance of aversive stimuli. In all experiments, 6–10 week old Ross308 pairs of broiler breeders were housed in pens divided in half. Pen sides were visually differentiated and birds were trained with different stimuli on each pen side, correcting for possible side biases, either different food amounts for CPP or aversive stimuli on one pen side and none, or 'neutral', on the other, for CPA. To test if a preference for a pen side had been formed, the pen divider was removed when no stimulus was present and the amount of time birds spent on each pen side was recorded. Each experiment had a factorial treatment structure (n = 10 replicate pens per treatment combination) and the proportions of time spent by birds on the 'positive' pen side (i.e. increased food amount for CPP or 'neutral' for CPA) were analysed. In experiment 1 on CPP (180 birds forming 90 pairs), three different training regimes in combination with three different testing methods were trialled: whilst during training of all birds, on one pen side the birds received the commercially recommended, restricted amount of food (R) and on the other pen side they received twice that amount (2R) (no food was present during testing). In experiment 2 (110 birds forming 40 pairs and 10 individually housed) and 3 (80 birds forming 40 pairs), further refinements were made to the experimental methods and birds were allocated to CPP treatments with food amounts 2R or 3R (vs. R) or to CPA treatments, 'social isolation' or 'unpredictable wind'. Overall, there was no evidence of aversion at testing to the pen sides with aversive stimuli during training and little evidence of preference at testing for the pen sides with increased food amounts during training. Furthermore, where statistical significance was achieved for CPP the preferences shown were very small. The most consistent result was a strong preference for the pen side birds were not previously housed on immediately before each test (P < 0.001 in all experiments). It appeared that birds were motivated to explore a location where they had not just been housed in an attempt to find food and this motivation seemed to overshadow other effects. This series of experiments demonstrates some limitations of CPP/CPA techniques for welfare assessment and the learning problems experienced by chronically food restricted animals. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Journal Title/Title of Proceedings
Applied Animal Behaviour Science


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Regardless of your pharmaceutical facility's location, due to security protocols, it can take some time for EMS/EMT to reach a person in your facility who needs medical attention. You'll want to be as prepared as possible to deal with any medical situation such as cardiac or airway emergencies. Our R15 portable emergency oxygen device can provide a victim with a continuous flow of 100% oxygen for 15 minutes at 6 L/minute during the critical minutes before the EMS/EMT arrive.
If someone is struggling to breathe or has collapsed due to an airway or cardiac emergency, we recommend you call 911 and then use the R15 Emergency Oxygen on the victim until EMS arrive. These are some examples of the types of emergencies an R15™ should be used:
Shortness of Breath/Troubled Breathing
Fainting (from heat exhaustion or dehydration, etc.)
Carbon Monoxide or Food poisoning
Personal injury accident causing person to pass out
Blood Clots in lung
COPD Flair Up
Features of our R15 portable emergency oxygen device:
Safe to place in any location for easy access
Cleared by the FDA
Instructions are easy to understand and placed on unit
No batteries or electricity required
No training needed
Unlike compressed gas cylinders which are potentially explosive, the R15 is the only safe alternative emergency oxygen system for all facilities. Plus, the R15 can be placed on a shelf or any visible area where everyone can see it for quick access in emergencies. Oxygen cylinders must be stored in fire resistant cabinets and only people who have specific training may activate an oxygen cylinder. The R15 is the only accessible emergency oxygen with no special storage or training required. It is an essential emergency safety device to have on hand. Every second without oxygen can negatively affect survival: improve your emergency preparedness program by adding emergency oxygen with the R15.
Where to put the R15
The R15 portable emergency oxygen unit for your facility is safe to place anywhere. Since the placement of the AED (automated external defibrillator) is a familiar emergency response location, it is both logical and convenient to place the R15 with the AED. To determine additional locations for the R15, an excellent model is in airports where their goal is to have access to AED's and other safety equipment within 1 – 3 minutes. Every second without oxygen can negatively affect someone's survival. Key locations to place the R15 include: next to security stations, near elevators, cafeterias, main reception areas, near lavatories, in secured or restricted access, eye wash stations, laboratories, photocopy & printer areas and on walls in main corridors.


noob.spt noob.spt - 1 year ago 82
SQL Question
Function call in where clause
I have a query as below:
SELECT * FROM Members (NOLOCK)
WHERE Phone= dbo.FormatPhone(@Phone)
Now here I understand that formatting has to be applied on the variable on column. But should I apply it on variable to assign to some other local variable then use it (as below).
Set @SomeVar = dbo.FormatPhone(@Phone)
SELECT *
FROM Members (NOLOCK) WHERE Phone= @SomeVar
Which way is better or both are good?
EDIT: And how is first query different from
SELECT * FROM Members (NOLOCK)
WHERE dbo.FormatPhone(Phone) = @Phone
Answer Source
As usual with SQL, the query is largely irelevant without knowing the actual schema is used against.
Do you have an index on Members.Phone? If no, then it makes no difference how you write the query, they all gonna scan the whole table and performe the same (ie. perform badly). If you do have an index then the way you write the query makes all the difference:
SELECT * FROM Members WHERE Phone= @Phone;
SELECT * FROM Members WHERE Phone= dbo.FormatPhone(@Phone);
SELECT * FROM Members WHERE dbo.FormatPhone(Phone)=@Phone;
First query is guaranteed optimal, will seek the phone on the index.
Second query depends on the characteristics of the dbo.FormatPhone. It may or may not use an optimal seek.
Last query is guaranteed to be bad. Will scan the table.
Also, I removed the NOLOCK hint, it seem the theme of the day... See _URL_ NOLOCK is always the wrong answer. Use snapshot isolation.
Recommended from our users: Dynamic Network Monitoring from WhatsUp Gold from IPSwitch. Free Download


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Historical Aerial Photographs
Prior to the trial, Jan Schlichtmann, the plaintiffs attorney, hired a consulting firm to acquire and analyze historic aerial photographs of the Riley 15-acre property to estimate the times when the various drums, barrels, and debris piles first appeared. The consultants took this analysis and compared it to the 1985 field mapping of the debris piles, drums, and tanks on the 15-acre property by John Drobinski, a geologist hired by Schlichtmann. Drobinski's field map can be downloaded from the trial documents collection and excerpts of his deposition can be downloaded from the trial testimony collection.
What Are Aerial Photographs and How Are They Used?
Aerial photographs like the ones shown below routinely are taken by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Geological Survey to make topographic maps, record temporal changes in crop patterns, map geology and mineral resources, and evaluate floodplains. A specialized aircraft with sophisticated cameras is used to take photographs using black & white or color infrared film. The aircraft flies along flight lines that overlap slightly while the camera takes photographs at time intervals that allow the images to overlap. Because of the overlap is from two different positions in the sky, the overlapping portions of adjacent images can be viewed in 3-D. A stereoscope is needed to see the images in 3-D, which produces a static visual image that is similar to looking at a 3-D movie using red and blue glasses. Thus, tree tops and buildings appear to be higher than surrounding ground, whereas stream channels and wetlands appear to be lower.
Aerial Photographs of the Woburn Wells G and H Area
The collection below is a subset of those compiled by Maura Metheny for her dissertation research at Ohio State University. Four sets of photographs (May 1954, May 1969, April 1981, and March 1986) are suitable for 3-D viewing. To do this, print the images on high-quality paper or photographic paper and view them under a stereoscope. An inexpensive plastic 'pocket' stereoscope works well. The sequence of images below document changes in land use, construction of municipal wells G and H and other structures, changes in the wetland, and the appearance of drums and underground storage tanks along the access road between Salem Street and Olympia Avenue on the west side of the river.
Detailed information about the dates, resolution, scales, and ordering numbers of the sets of aerial photographs shown below is available in this Excel file (Excel 19kB Jan22 07).
- May 13, 1954 Photographs: 2414, 2415, 2416, 2417 northern image
Full Resolution ( 28.5MB Mar14 07)north-central image
Full Resolution ( 29.3MB Mar14 07)south-central image
Full Resolution ( 28.3MB Mar14 07)southern image
Full Resolution ( 28.5MB Mar14 07)
- April 29, 1963 Photographs: 278, 279 western image
Full Resolution ( 288kB Mar15 07)eastern image
Full Resolution ( 208kB Mar15 07)
- April 6, 1965 photograph: 233
Full Resolution ( 269kB Mar15 07)
- May 1, 1969 photographs: 1684, 1685, 1686, 1687 south image
Full Resolution ( 288kB Mar15 07)south-central image
Full Resolution ( 284kB Mar15 07)north-central image
Full Resolution ( 281kB Mar15 07)north image
Full Resolution ( 273kB Mar15 07)
- July 3, 1971 photograph: 126
Full Resolution ( 377kB Mar15 07)
- April 23, 1978 photographs: 104 north and south north images
Full Resolution ( 73kB Mar15 07)south image
Full Resolution ( 77kB Mar15 07)
- April 13, 1981 photographs: 19-5, 19-6, 19-7 south image
Full Resolution ( 205kB Mar15 07)middle image
Full Resolution ( 196kB Mar15 07)north image
Full Resolution ( 196kB Mar15 07)


analog discovery 2 tutorial
Analog Discovery 2 Tutorial
Analog discovery 2 tutorial
Multisim and analog discovery 2 manual ece.tamu.edu.
Analog discovery 2 support for matlab 2018. learn more about data acquisition, analog discovery, digilent data acquisition toolbox.
410-263 digilent bnc adapter board oscilloscope adapter.
Electronic Instrumentation ecse.rpi.edu
Testing op-amp circuits with the analog discovery 2. Analog discovery 2 quick-start: video 5 - waveform generator tool. kaitlyn franz walks through the oscilloscope tool in waveforms2015. the walk-through is fairly. Analog discovery 2 curve tracer. contribute to knack-supply/ad2-curve-tracer development by creating an account on github..
Discovery 2 is aimed at engineering students, hobbyists and electronics enthusiasts who can download tutorials and other information from: analog discovery 2: 4/02/2016в в· i am trying to figure which is a better deal the saleae logic 8 or the new analog discovery 2. i would probably get the national instruments edition with multisim.
Using the digilent analog parts kit and analog discovery 2 to evaluate the performance of op-amps. using the logic analyzer with the analog discovery 2: logic analyzers are used to record and analyze digital communication signals. they work in a similar manner to
On sale digilent analog discovery 2. engineers on staff. fast quotes we accept pos using the digilent analog parts kit and analog discovery 2 to evaluate the performance of op-amps.
analog discovery 2 tutorial
Using the Waveform Generator With the Analog Discovery 2
Diy ecg using an analog discovery 2 and labview вђ" digilent. In this tutorial, i will show you how to make a homemade electrocardiograph (ecg). the goal of this machine is to amplify, measure, and record the natural electrical. Digilent's analog discovery 2 allows users to measure, visualize, generate, record, and control mixed-signal circuits of all kinds and is compact in size..
analog discovery 2 tutorial
Programming FGPA of Analog Discovery 2 directly Scopes
...Bundle multiple tools together in one small package, including an adjustable power supply, with the analog discovery 2 and waveforms 2015. find this and other.Digilent analog discovery 2 is a multi-function instrument to measure, visualize, generate, record and control all kinds of mixed signal circuits.....
Github knack-supply/ad2-curve-tracer analog discovery 2. Learn how to make analog discovery 2 communicate with arduino using waveforms! #analogdiscovery2arduino #arduino #arduinowaveforms. To help ensure that your analog discovery 2 - ni edition is connected and functioning properly, this tutorial will walk you through the simple setup and calibration.
analog discovery 2 tutorial
Digilent Analog Discovery 2 Farnell element14
Analog discovery 2 communicates with arduino вђ" digilent. Waveforms, the software that interfaces with the analog discovery 2, is a free download and includes demo mode. you can check out the unboxing tutorial,. In this tutorial, i will show you how to make a homemade electrocardiograph (ecg). the goal of this machine is to amplify, measure, and record the natural electrical.
analog discovery 2 tutorial
Analog Discovery 2 Digilent DigiKey
28/12/2016в в· i recently opened the mailbox to find a little device about the size of white castle burger. it was an вђњanalog discovery 2вђќ from digilent. it is hard 1/24 analog discovery 2 reference manual written by mircea dabacan, phd, technical university of cluj-napoca romania 1. overview the digilent analog discovery 2
Discovery 2 is aimed at engineering students, hobbyists and electronics enthusiasts who can download tutorials and other information from: analog discovery 2: on sale digilent analog discovery 2. engineers on staff. fast quotes we accept pos
Analog discovery 2 curve tracer. contribute to knack-supply/ad2-curve-tracer development by creating an account on github. tutorial: epic low end вђ" a lush-101 is an analog emulation of a 1980s roland whatвђ™s impressive about discovery is that it can import nord lead 2 and nord
The analog discovery is now retired. it is suggested to upgrade to the analog discovery 2. the main improvements are: the ability to receive power from an external waveforms, the software that interfaces with the analog discovery 2, is a free download and includes demo mode. you can check out the unboxing tutorial,


Aquatic plant with odd, sharp fruit is bad news
John Nelson
Guest columnist
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John Nelson
Bad news, I'm afraid.
These are the oddly-shaped fruits of a curious aquatic plant that is native to large parts of western Asia and the warmer parts of Europe. Because they are aquatic plants, and due to their odd shape, these little fruits have been termed "water chestnuts." And of course, that is a perfectly OK common name...because all common names are "OK", in a sense.
Water caltrop is a nuisance aquatic plant.
There are indeed no rules that govern common names for plants (or animals), and if you are a faithful reader of this column, you may remember its author's near-obsession (completely justified, of course!) with scientific names. Again, there can be only one scientific name, in a proper sense, for any plant.
Common names, though, are completely up to the imagination (or lack of imagination) of whomever it is wants to talk about a given plant species in a vernacular way. And, more than one plant in this case...can have the same common name.
Here, the name "water chestnut" is also used for a completely different species (a sedge, actually), and this is the one that you can buy in cans at the supermarket, the sliced stuff that goes so well in Asian stir-fry dishes. So, I'm sure that you will agree with me that the best way to refer to plants is by their scientific names.
Our Mystery Plant, though, is rather closely related to the various members of the evening-primrose family. It is an absolute aquatic species, growing in quiet ponds and backwaters, preferring places with mucky bottoms.
This species showed up in New England just after the Civil War, no doubt as an aquatic garden (aquarium?) plant. As with many cultivated aquatic species, it found its way —accidentally or not — into the various waterways of New England, and now, much of southern Ontario. There are reports of it as far south as Virginia. For heaven's sake, we don't need yet another aquatic nuisance, likely to choke our lakes, ponds, and rivers, if it ever gets introduced.
If you are interested in growing aquatic plants as a hobby, please don't grow this one. There are plenty of native aquatic species that are attractive, easy to grow, and perhaps most importantly, non-invasive.
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Today we published a translated English version of the first paper ActiveHistory.ca "Why is Vietnam Recovering, while Cuba is Sinking?" written by Yves Montenay, and translated by Michael Poplyansky. Here is the abstract:
Before going their separate ways, Vietnam and Cuba followed similar political and economic paths, making the impact of economic freedom on each country's development very clear, both directly and comparatively. This paper will not discuss full employment, because in Communist Vietnam, as in today's Cuba, everyone theoretically had an assigned job—even if it was not the job that one hoped for, or at the location that one preferred, much less at the salary that one wanted. Nor will I evaluate the progress of "liberalism", since the term implies political freedom; I will simply examine the consequences of legalizing formerly banned economic activities. Click here to read full paper. Click here to read the original French version.


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One of the most important terms used in Income Tax, 1961 is Cost Inflation Index (CII). Understanding this term is very crucial for the correct computation of Long Term Capital Gains under Income Tax Act.
What is Cost Inflation Index?
Cost Inflation Index (CII) is a measure of inflation which is used in Income Tax Act, 1961 to compute long term capital gains on sale of capital assets. It comes under Section 48 of the Income Tax Act and is a quantifiable measure used to implement the concept of Indexation.
Cost Inflation Index from Financial Year 1981-82 to Financial Year 2016-17 is given below
|FINANCIAL YEAR||COST INFLATION INDEX|
Concept of Indexation
The value of rupee today is not same as it was some years back. The prices of commodities keeps on increasing due to a factor called Inflation. Hence the concept of Indexation is introduced in the Income Tax act to take into account, the effect of inflation while computing long term capital gain.
"Indexation helps us to counter the erosion in the value of the asset over a period of time. Using the inflation index, one needs to increase the purchase price of the asset so that it reflects inflation-adjusted true price in the year in which it is sold."
How is Cost Inflation Index Used to calculate Long Term Capital Gains?
Cost inflation Index is reported in terms of Financial Year not in terms of Assessment Year. In India, the Financial Year starts from 1st April and ends on 31st March of the following year. To understand how CII is used, one should have a basic understanding of the following terms:-
- Capital Assets: A capital asset is defined as property of any kind held by an assessee, whether connected with their business or profession or not. It includes assets which can be held by a person for example Mutual Funds, Shares, Real Estate, Gold, Fixed returns Instruments such as Fixed Deposit, etc.
- Long Term and Short Term capital assets: Assets are classified as Long Term or Short Term with reference to the period of holding of the assets till it is transferred. The classification is made on the following basis.
|Nature of Asset||Short Term Capital Asset||Long Term Capital Asset|
|(i) Shares in a company or any other security listed in a recognized stock exchange in India or equity oriented mutual fund||Held for not more than 12 months.||Held for more than 12 months.|
|(ii) Assets other than assets mentioned in (i) above.||Held for not more than 36 months.||Held for more than 36 months.|
How does CII helps in computing capital gain/loss?
As the original cost of acquisition is historical, the concept of Indexation allows the tax payer to take into account the effect of inflation and consequently, a lower amount of capital gains gets to be taxed. In indexation and capital gain parlance, the purchase price is called Indexed cost of Acquisition. Following is the formula of Indexed Cost of Acquisition.
Indexed Cost of Acquisition = (Actual cost of purchase) * (CII of Year of Sale) / (CII of Year of Purchase).
This can be explained with the help of following example:
Suppose a property is purchased in financial year (FY) 1995-96 for Rs 20 lacs. It is sold in financial year 2016 -17 for Rs 100 lacs.
Then, the gain would be = Rs 100 lacs – 20 lacs = Rs 80 lacs.
But if CII is considered then we need to calculate cost of 20 lacs of 1995-96 in the year 2011-2012.
From the table Inflation index in year 1995-96 is 281 and year 2011-2012 is 1125.
So, Indexed cost of Rs 20 lacs in the year 2011-2012 is = 20 * (1125/281) = 80.07
Hence, Long term capital gain = 100 – 80.07 = 19.93 lacs instead of Rs 80 lacs.
However, Indexation cannot be used for all asset classes. The benefit of Indexation cannot be used for Fixed returns Investments such as Fixed Deposit, Bonds, Debentures, NSC, etc.


container uses up all allocated memory. If you could detect this while the container is still running but not yet killed, you are much more likely to be able to intervene in time.
In DC/OS there are three main endpoints for metrics:
 - DC/OS metrics
 - endpoint exposing combined metrics from tasks/container, nodes, and applications
 - Mesos metrics
 - endpoint exposing Mesos-specific metrics
 - Marathon metrics
 - endppoint exposing Marathon-specific metrics
One way to leverage metrics to help with debugging is to set up a dashboard. This dashboard would include the most important metrics related to the services you want to monitor. For example, you could use prometheus and grafana to make a metrics dashboard.
Ideally, with the dashboard configured and functioning, you can identify potential problems before they become actual bugs. Moreover, when issues do arise, this sort of dashboard can be extremely helpful in determining the cause of the bug(e.g. maybe a cluster has no free resources). Each link from the endpoint item listed above provides recommendations for the metrics you should monitor for that endpoint.
Sometimes the task logs provide insufficient help. In these cases, using your favorite Linux tools (e.g. curl, cat, ping, etc…) to get an interactive point of view could be a worthwhile next step.
For example, if you are using a [Universal Container Runtime (UCR)] (/mesosphere/dcos/latest/deploying-services/containerizers/ucr/), you can use dcos task exec as follows:
dcos task exec -it
and be presented with an interactive bash shell inside that container.
IMPORTANT: If you alter the state of the container when using dcos task exec in the manner above, you must update the stored app-definition and restart the container from that updated app-definition. If you fail to do so, then your changes will be lost the next time the container restarts.
Alternatively, when using a docker containerizer, you can SSH into the node in question and run docker exec to investigate the running container.
HTTP Endpoints
DC/OS has a large number of additional endpoints that could be useful for debugging:
 - /mesos/master/state-summary
The state-summary endpoint returns a json encoded summary of the agents, tasks, and frameworks inside the cluster. This is especially helpful when considering allocation of resources across the cluster, as it shows you whether there are resources already reserved for a particular role (there are more details on this in one of the debugging scenarios provided below.
NOTE: See the complete list of Mesos endpoints.
 - /marathon/v2/queue
Marathon's queue endpoint returns a list of all tasks in the queue to be scheduled by Marathon. This endpoint is valuable when troubleshooting scaling or deployment problems.
The DC/OS community is a great place to ask additional questions either via Slack or the mailing list. Also keep in mind that both Mesos and Marathon have their own communities in addition to the DC/OS community.
Other Tools
There are other debugging tools as well – internal to DC/OS as well as external tools like Sysdig or Instana. These tools can be especially helpful in determining non DC/OS specific issues (e.g., Linux Kernel or networking problems).


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Floresville ISD AFTER SCHOOL DAY CARE takes pride in our Program and staff. Each day, we strive to give each child the love and nurturing they need in the absence of their parent(s), as well as create a positive learning experience where they can grow physically, emotionally, socially and cognitively by offering a variety of activities to all. This will ensure that during their time spent away from home they will be happily engaged. We believe that communication between staff and the parent(s) is essential.
Before your child can be admitted to our program, the following steps must be taken:
1. Enrollment forms completed with all signatures;
2. Parent Handbook acknowledgement signed with driver license or Texas ID number; and
3. Verification of legal custody (when indicated), parent or legal guardian must provide a signed copy for file.
COST AND HOURS OF CARE:
Monthly charge will be determined on the number of days of the school calendar. Payment is due no later than the 15th of each month. The center may discontinue services if tuition is two weeks or more delinquent.


text:
Dive Alert Plususes a small amount of air from your SCUBA tank to make a piercingly loud sound in air or water. People have been able to hear a Dive Alert Plus one mile away from a diver in need above water. In conditions where visibility is limited, a Dive Alert Pluscan be a life saver. Underwater you can sound for attention quickly with a squeeze of the device.
HOW IT WORKS
The Dive Alert Plususes chrome-plated brass couplings to attach to your power inflator. Squeezing the device engages the actuator valve stem causing a small amount of air to flutter a stainless steel diaphragm, emitting a piercingly loud sound from the injection-molded thermoplastic body. The subsurface / underwater signal is produced by a percussion "buzzing" noise made by a piston hitting a stainless steel diaphragm much like a drum.
DiveAlertPLUS does not require any modification to your equipment, and it does not interfere with the normal operation of your equipment.
Once the tank is turned on and the DiveAlertPLUS connected, squeeze the DiveAlertPLUS softly underwater for a subsurface signal.