(IFileContentCopyMoveContext context)
Moves the file content.
IFileFactory interface
Medium
Terrasoft.File.Abstractions namespace.
The Terrasoft.File.Abstractions.IFileFactory interface provides a set of methods to get or create an instance of the class that implements the Terrasoft.File.Abstractions.IFile interface.
Properties
UseRights bool
Determines if the permissions of the user are considered when creating a file.
Methods
IFile Get(IFileLocator fileLocator, FileOptions options)
Returns an instance of the class that implements the IFile interface with the specified options parameters from a given fileLocator
IFile Create(IFileLocator fileLocator, FileOptions options)
Creates an instance of the class that implements the IFile interface with the specified options parameters for a given fileLocator.
EntityFileLocator class
Medium
Terrasoft.File namespace.
The class implements the IFileLocator interface for the current Creatio file storage.
Constructors
EntityFileLocator()
Creates a new EntityFileLocator instance.
EntityFileLocator(string entitySchemaName, Guid recordId)
Creates a new EntityFileLocator instance for the specified recordId file bound to the entitySchemaName object schema.
Properties
EntitySchemaName string
Metadata – the name of the object that stores the file.
RecordId Guid
Metadata – the file ID
EntityFileMetadata class
Medium
Terrasoft.File namespace.
The Terrasoft.File.EntityFileMetadata class implements the Terrasoft.File.Abstractions.Metadata.FileMetadata abstract class. This class describes the file metadata in the [Attachments] object and provide the methods to manage them.
Constructors
EntityFileMetadata(EntityFileLocator fileLocator)
Creates an EntityFileMetadata instance for a given fileLocator.
Properties
Attributes IReadOnlyDictionary<string, object>
Collection of attribute values.
RecordId Guid
File ID.
EntitySchemaName string
The name of the object that stores the file.
Methods
override void SetAttribute<TValue>(string name, TValue value)
Set the additional name file attribute to the specified value.
override TValue GetAttribute<TValue>(string name, TValue defaultValue)
Returns the specified value or the defaultValue of the additional name attribute .
FileFactoryUtils class
Medium
Terrasoft.File namespace.
The Terrasoft.File.FileFactoryUtils class provides extension methods for the UserConnection class and factory class that implements the Terrasoft.File.AbstractionsIFileFactory interface. This way, the class provides access to the factory for creating new or getting existing files. Therefore, an instance of UserConnection or SystemUserConnection is required for file management.
Methods
static IFileFactory GetFileFactory(this UserConnection source)
An extension method for the UserConnection class that returns an instance of the class that implements the IFileFactory interface.
static IFile GetFile(this UserConnection source, IFileLocator fileLocator)
An extension method for the UserConnection class that returns an instance of the class that implements the IFile interface from a given fileLocator.
static IFile CreateFile(this UserConnection source, IFileLocator fileLocator)
An extension method for the UserConnection class that creates an instance of the class that implements the IFile interface from a given fileLocator.
static IFile Get(this IFileFactory source, IFileLocator fileLocator)
An extension method for the class that implements the IFileFactory interface. Returns an instance of the class that implements the IFile interface for a given fileLocator.
static IFile Create(this IFileFactory source, IFileLocator fileLocator)
An extension method for the class that implements the IFileFactory interface. Creates an instance of the class that implements the IFile interface for a given fileLocator.
static IFileFactory WithRightsDisabled(this IFileFactory source)
An extension method for the class that implements the IFileFactory interface. Returns an instance of the class that implements the IFileFactory interface configured without the access permissions of the user.
FileMetadata class
Medium
Terrasoft.File.Abstractions.Metadata namespace.
The Terrasoft.File.Abstractions.Metadata.FileMetadata abstract class provides the properties of file metadata and methods for metadata management,
Properties
Name string
File name.
Length long
The file size in bytes.
CreatedOn DateTime
Date and time the file was created.
ModifiedOn DateTime
Date and time the file was modified.
FileContentStorageId Guid
The identifier of the file storage.
StoringState FileStoringState
The state of the file ("New," "Modified," "Unmodified," "Deleted").
Methods
abstract void SetAttribute<TValue>(string name, TValue value)
Set the additional name file attribute to the specified value.
abstract TValue GetAttribute<TValue>(string name, TValue defaultValue)
Returns the specified value or the defaultValue of the additional name attribute .
void SetStoringState(FileStoringState newState)
Sets the file state to FileStoringState.Modified if the previous file state is not FileStoringState.New.
FileUtils class
Medium
Terrasoft.File.Abstractions namespace.
The Terrasoft.File.Abstractions.FileUtils class provides extension methods for file management.
Methods
static void SetAttributes(this IFile source, IReadOnlyDictionary<string, object> attributes)
Sets the file attributes to the values passed in the attributes collection.
static void Save(this IFile source)
Saves the metadata of the file.
static Stream Read(this IFile source)
Reads the content of the file.
static void Write(this IFile source, Stream stream, FileWriteOptions writeOptions) static void Write(this IFile source, byte[] content)
Writes the content of the file.
Parameters
source The file whose contents is to be written
stream The stream that provides the file content.
writeOptions Parameters for writing the file.
content The file content as an array of bytes.
static void Delete(this IFile source)
Deletes the specified file.
static void Copy(this IFile source, IFile target)
Copies the existing source file to the new target file.
static void Move(this IFile source, IFile target)
Moves the existing source file to the new target destination.


text:
|Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Tuning with the Oracle Tuning Pack
Part Number A86647-01
The Outline Management tool allows you to manage stored outlines directly using a GUI-based tool. Specifically you can browse, sort, delete, and edit outlines with this tool. Outlines are preserved by Oracle's plan stability functionality, so before using Outline Management or Outline Editor to create or edit an outline, it is important to understand how plan stability works. Plan stability prevents certain database environment changes from affecting the performance characteristics of applications. Such changes include changes to the optimizer statistics, changes to the optimizer mode settings, and changes to parameters affecting the sizes of memory structures, such as
BITMAP_MERGE_AREA_SIZE. Plan stability is most useful when you cannot risk any performance changes in an application.
An outline consists primarily of a set of hints that is equivalent to the optimizer's results for the execution plan generation of a particular SQL statement. When you create an outline, plan stability examines the optimization results using the same data used to generate the execution plan. That is, Oracle uses the input to the execution plan to generate an outline, and not the execution plan itself.
As mentioned above, an outline is a means for modifying optimizer behavior. When the optimizer encounters the SQL text of the outline, it applies the supplied hints. The plans Oracle maintains in stored outlines remain consistent despite changes to a system's configuration or statistics. Using outlines also stabilizes the generated execution plan if the optimizer changes in subsequent Oracle releases. Plan stability facilitates migration from the rule-based optimizer to the cost-based optimizer when you upgrade to a new Oracle release.
For more information on plan stability, see the Oracle9i Database Performance Guide and Reference.
There are two ways to launch the Outline Management Tool:
The Outline Management tool provides an easy-to-use graphical interface for managing your stored outlines. The tool can tell you how many outlines exist in the database and whether or not the outlines have been used since the last database upgrade.
Specifically, the tool allows you to:
The Outline Management Tool can also be used to launch the Outline Editor to create a new outline or edit an existing outline. When you want to create a new outline, Outline Management gives you two options: Create and Create Like. The Create feature launches the Outline Editor which allows you to specify the name, category, and SQL text for your new outline. Use the Create Like feature to make a new outline similar to an existing one.
When you edit an existing outline, the Outline Editor lets you to see the SQL text and modify the graphical explain plan for the outline. For more information on using the Outline Editor, see Chapter 26, "Introduction to the Outline Editor".

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Rim was a human colony world of the 2170's, overrun by a Xenomorph outbreak.
Ten years before the Earth Infestation, a family exploring the crash site of a downed alien spacecraft, returned to the Rim colony with a medical emergency. The father, who had discovered a clutch of Alien Eggs, had been infected by a Facehugger. The creature gestating inside him soon hatched, quickly spreading the Xenomorph infestation throughout the colony.
Several weeks passed before a squad of Colonial Marines arrived at Rim to investigate, losing half their number to the Xenomorph threat in their first encounter. Marine Corporal Wilks and a ten year old girl named Billie were the only survivors. Evidence of the Xenomorph infestation was covered up and the deaths attributed to the explosion of the colony's reactor.
 - Billie's experiences on Rim mirror that of Newt on LV-426. Newt's further adventures after Aliens were thrown out of continuity after her death in Alien3. The planet Rim and the characters of Billie and Wilks are retcons of LV-426, Newt, and Hicks, respectively.
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text:
The industrial probe preliminary filter is used for measurements involving flue gas with a high dust load. The preliminary filter ensures that the probe shaft and the sampling hose do not become clogged with dust or particles.
You can use the preliminary filter as an accessory to the industrial probe set 1 200 °C and the heated industrial probe set.
The industrial probe preliminary filter – in combination with the appropriate industrial probe and measuring instrument – can be used for the following applications among others:
- Measuring the furnace atmosphere
- Emissions measurement for efficiency monitoring / commissioning industrial plants
- Emissions measurements for the prior checking of limit values
- Emissions measurements for checking flue gas cleaning systems
- Emissions measurement to monitor prescribed limit values

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Why is vehicle and equipment cleaning a stormwater issue?
Wash water from vehicle and equipment washing has the potential to carry nutrients, metals, and oils and greases to local water bodies, if the detergent-rich water used for washing flows into the storm drain system that leads to local streams and rivers. These pollutants can impact the aquatic animals in these water bodies.
The MAA maintains an airfield vehicle and equipment wash facilities at BWI Marshall and Martin State Airports. They are located between the BWI Marshall's Signature Vehicle Maintenance Building (#134) and the Airport Tenants Vehicle Maintenance Building (#123) along the entrance road to the Fuel Farm, and west of MTN Hanger 6 adjacent to Taxilane G respectively. The facility drains are collected by oil/water separators to eliminate contaminants from sanitary sewer drains.
Tenants are required to prevent or reduce pollutants exposed to or discharged to stormwater from vehicle and equipment cleaning. However, there is flexibility in what measures tenants can implement to accomplish this. The MAA has developed Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plans (SWPPPs) for both BWI and Martin State Airport NPDES permits. The plans identify best management practices for both MAA staff and tenants related to activities such as vehicle and equipment cleaning.
As described in Tenant Directive BWI-207.2 (Washing of Airport Tenants' Vehicles and Equipment), tenants must use the airfield vehicle and equipment wash facility unless a permit for an alternative option is approved that includes:
- Developing a contingency plan for spills
- Blocking storm drains in the vicinity of washing activities
- Collecting wastewater
- Removing wastewater from the airport property
- Using chemicals for washing with a pH between 6.0 and 9.0
Some examples of best management practices tenants can adopt include:
- Designate an area for cleaning activities.
- Use "dry" washing and surface preparation techniques when possible. Consider dry washing as an option regardless of aircraft size. Remove all materials (i.e., drippings and residue) using vacuum methods. Dispose of properly.
- Provide secondary containment, and cover if possible, for containers of washing and steam cleaning additives.
- Use pigs/mats to control the discharge of wash water.
- Use biodegradable phosphate-free detergents.
- Keep wash area clean and free of waste.
- Include proper signage to prohibit the discharge of waste oils into the drains.
- Collect and discharge wash water to an approved treatment facility (sanitary sewer system) through a permitted connection.
Physical Site Usage
- Use off-site commercial washing and steam cleaning where feasible. Using appropriate offsite facilities will decrease the potential for stormwater pollution on-site.
- Clean equipment only in designated wash areas that are covered and/or bermed to prevent contamination of stormwater through contact with wastes. Cleaning areas should be clearly demarcated on the ground.
- Gate valves at catch basins will prevent discharge to the storm drainage system during washing activities by facilitating the collection of wash water.
- Filter and recycle wash water when possible.
- Inspect, clean, and maintain sumps, oil/water separators, and on-site treatment and recycling units.
- Obtain approval prior to commencing wet washing activities in any area outside designated wash rack.
- Maintain adequate supplies of spill response equipment and materials in accessible locations near areas where spills of cleaning chemicals may be likely to occur.
Inspection and Training
- Provide the appropriate level of employee training in the following areas: spill response and prevention, stormwater pollution prevention education, right-to-know awareness training, and hazardous materials management.
- Develop regular vehicle maintenance and inspection programs.
- Characterize wastes derived from oil/water separators.
Successful implementation depends on effective training of employees on applicable BMPs and general pollution prevention strategies.
One of the requirements of tenant leases is that tenants must adhere to the requirements of the applicable tenant directives and associated regulations. Not adhering to these requirements can impact the standing of the tenant lease.
Additionally, many of the best management practices identified above are those included in the SWPPP, which is applicable to both the MAA and tenants at the airport. Not implementing best management practices in association with tenant activities may result in the contamination of stormwater at the airport. The MAA is legally obligated to report any illegal discharges to MDE who may issue fines or penalties for non-compliance with the Clean Water Act and the NPDES Permit. This may result in civil or criminal penalties (see Part II.C.15 and 16 of the stormwater permit for more detail).


Department of Extranormal Operations
IC / Active
Base of Operations
Washington DC
OOC Admin
OOC Asst.
IC Leader
The Department of Extranormal Operations (DEO) is the United States government's newest response to possible threat of which origins cannot be accounted to the conventional or mundane and was officially recognized and sanctioned as an official department of the United States in October 2015. They have all due power and authority to monitor and safeguard American citizens against supernatural, mutant, metahuman, non-Earth technological, extraterrestrial, and other-dimensional threats.
The DEO is a extranormal threat-focused national security organization with intelligence and law enforcement responsibilities, the task of the DEO is to protect the United States and it's citizens against domestic and foreign supernormal dangers. It also provides detailed information, guidance, proper detention, conditioning and reintroduction of any classified as extranormals.
The DEO focuses on threats that exceed the capabilities of the conventional authorities and involve dangers far too large, complex or powerful for any local or state authority to handle alone. In executing the following priorities the DEO is recognized as both a national security and law enforcement agency. It will produce and use extensive intelligence to protect the nation and it's people from all threats beyond normal parameters that violate the law or expected legal foundations of American society.
1. Protect the United States from extranormal attacks.
2. Protect the United States against mystical, psychic, superhuman and advanced technology crimes.
3. Protect the Civil Rights of documented, known and law-abiding extranormals.
4. Detect, identify, assess and classify extranormal individuals and organizations.
5. Combat extranormal and monitor criminal organizations and enterprises.
6. Support federal, state, local and international partners in their efforts involving any and all extranormal operations.
7. Establish peaceful and cooperative rapport with active law-abiding extranormal organizations
8. Properly detain, quarantine and handle identified criminal extarnormals.
9. Assist, educate and rehabilitate non-criminal extranormals in to society proper.
10. Constantly upgrade technology, intelligence and personnel to successfully perform the DEO's mission.
Additional Notes
*DEO absorbed the assets of IO and Stormwatch.
*The DEO stores occult objects and individuals in a mysterious location known only as the Black Room. It is believed even the Spear of Destiny is held there (this is of course a misleading rumor - an actual character possesses this).
*DEO has developed psychic defense measures and is in charge of protecting important government assets.
*Comic reference for the DEO is a blend of DC's own DEO/DMA and Marvel's CSA (Commission on Superhuman Affairs) mixed with IO (International Operations already being a close relative of OSS), A.R.G.U.S., Stormwatch and Taskforce X.
*Knightwatch is combined with Squad K and Hulkbusters as well as it's typical incarnation.
*Though Suicide Squad and the Authority are listed as possible STARS teams they are "disconnected". Project: USA is highly classified in it's ongoings.
See also:
Back to: Important Organizations


"Earlier this year, the mysterious company announced a collaboration with Duke and Stanford universities called Project Baseline, and it's got a moonshot goal: stop cancer—and other killers—before they ever occur.
More specifically, the project is aiming to comprehensively map human health data from 10,000 people over four years. Taking advantage of Google's immense computing power and machine learning prowess, the project hopes to develop more efficient ways of organizing the data, along with participants' medical records, into an intuitive platform much like Google Earth…"
Source: _URL_


text:
High-resolution radiation hybrid and comparative maps of BoLA. To the far left and far right are representations of BTA23 generated using the current genome sequence assemblies (Btau_3.1 and Btau_4.0, respectively). The centromere is represented as a black oval and distances are given in kilobases (Kb). The radiation hybrid map of BoLA is in the center, with map units given as centirays (cR). Just to the left and right of the RH map are marker names given in the order ascertained via radiation hybrid analysis, with connecting lines illustrating their comparative locations on the BTA23 maps.
Brinkmeyer-Langford et al. BMC Genomics 2009 10:182 doi:10.1186/_PHONE_-182


text:
The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) wants to buy
up to EUR 10 million in carbon credits from
said last Wednesday.
Zsuzsanna Hargitai, the EBRD's Hungarian representative, told MTI news
agency that the bank would buy the credits if
further cutting greenhouse gas emissions. Since the Kyoto Protocol came into
force in 2005, carbon credits can be purchased to allow nations to meet their
emissions' targets. Hargitai said that
nowhere near as strong a position as
Former communist countries such as
have credits to spare as their emissions have dropped significantly since
state-owned heavy industries closed with the break up of the
is committed to reducing emissions by 6% from its baseline by 2012. However, as
an economy in transition, it was free to choose its baseline and selected the
period between 1985 and 1987, when its energy consumption was at a high. By
1994, emissions had dropped by 18% compared to the baseline and have not risen
signed a framework agreement to sell credits to
its 1990 levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions by 2012.
However, Japan, which the World Bank ranks as the third-largest economy in the
world behind the
emissions actually rise 7.8% in 2005 from 1990 levels.
Critics of trading carbon credits say the system does not bring about
any concrete reduction in emissions and fails to emphasise the need to move
away from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
On Thursday, April 19, 2007, the Russell Sage Foundation celebrated the 100th anniversary of its founding by Mrs. Margaret Olivia Sage in 1907. To mark the occasion, the Foundation held a day-long symposium focused on some of the principal issues that have concerned the Foundation over its long history—and which continue to engage RSF as it moves into its second century. A distinguished roster of social scientists discussed the plight of low-wage workers, the stratification of American society, immigration and diversity in the United States, and the role of social science in addressing these issues. The day concluded with the Foundation's Centennial Dinner, at which Ira Katznelson of Columbia University delivered the keynote address: "Boundaries and Borderlands: Reflections on Organized Social Knowledge."
Keynote and Commentaries
"Today, faced by the robust vigor shown by illiberal nostrums, radically heightened inequality, and passionate unreason sometimes married to just causes, the Foundation's vocation has become more difficult and more significant."


text:
Moderated by Dezeen's editor Tom Ravenscroft, the talk heard from three experts on how data and AI are being used across the architecture industry, which will be introduced by executive vice president of architecture, engineering and construction design solutions at Autodesk, Amy Bunszel.
The panel featured chief information officer at Cannon Design, Brooke Grammier, partner and chief technology officer at Nordic Office of Architecture, Knut Ramstad and associate design director and senior architect at UN Studio, Harlen Miller.
The speakers discussed topics including the role of AI and data within the design process and the impact they may have on the future of the architecture industry.
The talk coincided with the launch of the first set of capabilities of Autodesk Forma, an industry cloud that unifies workflows across teams, specifically those that design the built environments.
One of the key features of Forma is its use of AI-powered automations to streamline the design and planning process.
The panel explored questions such how the use of big data is changing the role of the architect and how to future-proof the industry in the midst of increasingly fast technological change.
Autodesk is a corporation that creates software and custom services for architecture, engineering, construction and manufacturing industries.
Grammier is chief information officer at global architecture, engineering and consulting practice Cannon Design, where she focusses on technology and developing software for architecture.
She specialises in helping businesses to use data and cloud technologies to maximise their capabilities.
Ramstad, an architect by background, is partner and chief technology officer at Nordic Office of Architecture.
He also acts as professor at the University of Science and Technology in Trondheim, teaching master's students in architectural visualisation.
Miller, associate design director and senior architect at UN Studio, holds over 15 years of experience with various international firms.
Before moving to the Netherlands, he undertook a bachelors degree in architecture at the University of Florida and a masters degree in architecture at UCLA.
As EVP of architecture, engineering and construction design solutions at Autodesk, Bunszel manages product strategy for the corporation's portfolio of 3D design tools.
She has over 20 years of experience creating software products for the architecture, engineering, construction and manufacturing industries, as well as for media and entertainment.


to the success of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan? (10 Marks)
Social influence is the process through which a person's attitudes, opinions, or behaviour are changed through social communication. Persuasion is a method of social influence.
UPSC Ethics GS-4 Diagram. Ethics paper Flow chart.
Social influence and persuasion contribute to Swacch Bharat Abhiyan (SBA) through:
- Behavioural change among all the stakeholders: By changing attitude toward open defecation in the society through campaigns and media. E.g: Darwaza Band campaign and rallies by school children to build awareness
- Social pressure and peer pressure: By naming and shaming people who don't have toilets, they will be forced to build one.
E.g: Children persuading their parents, Gram sabhas reading out names of households without toilets. Positive peer pressure in the form of prizes and rewards for building and using toilets can also help people change.
- Role-Model effect: When celebrities like Amitabh Bachchan persuade for SBA, it can bring about a change in orthodox opinions about open defecation.
- Community Ownership: Through Gram Swachhdhoots, SBA can be made community driven to make it. Such persuasive methods were very successful in Bangladesh.
- Healthy competition among stakeholders: through initiatives like Swacch Survekshan.
Thus social Influence and persuasion techniques, by effectively targeting the social psyche and behaviour can accelerate the goal of Swacch Bharat Mission.
Q. You are aspiring to become an IAS officer and you have cleared various stages and now you have been selected for the personal interview. On the day of the interview, on the way to the venue you saw an accident where a mother and child who happen to be your relatives were badly injured. They needed immediate help. What would you have done in such a situation? Justify your action. (25 Marks)
Subject matter: Dilemma between achieving career ambition Vs responding to accident as a good samaritan.
Stakeholders involved: The mother, child, me, my family, society at large and the UPSC.
Ethical dilemmas:
- Personal ambitions vs. Moral responsibility to help others
- Being punctual to the interview vs Saving life
- Personal and family's dream to be civil servant vs Moral
obligation to relatives
Options Available
Ignore the accident and head to the interviewPunctuality will bemaintainedPersonalambition will be fulfilledMorally abdicating my duty to save lifeSelfish and against my consciencePoor example of an aspiring civil servant
Skip the interview and help the victimsMoral obligation towards my relatives will be metA good example to the societyHampers the years of hard work to be a civil servantFailing my and my family's dreamUnbalanced decision making in response to multiple needs
Admit them to a nearby hospital and quickly try to reach the interview venueRescue the relativesRealise mycareer goalsClearconscience• Risk of missing the interview
Final Course of action
I shall choose the last option because I have a moral responsibility to help the victims, and a personal responsibility to myself, my family and my career. I worked hard to reach the interview stage, so it makes sense to balance both these obligations.
So my immediate response would be to quickly move the victims to my cab. Using Google Maps, I'll check for nearby hospitals and find the shortest route possible to get there. I will call the hospital and ask them to arrange emergency services by the time we reach.
Along the way, I will also call the relatives' family and ask them to reach the hospital. I will admit the victim to the hospital and pay any charges, if required. If it gets late for the relatives to reach, I will entrust the cab driver to kindly look after her, pay him his waiting charges and proceed to the interview.
In the meantime, I will also check if I can reach out to anyone who can inform the interview panel about my situation and that I may reach late. If I do get delayed, I will make every attempt to convince the authorities involved as to the reasons why it happened. As soon as the interview is done, I will come back to the hospital and check on the victims' condition and help them in anyway I can.
As remarked by Gandhiji "The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others". By helping people, we not only make the world a better place but also stay true to our conscience. It leads to harmony, balancing social good with personal ambition.
34 thoughts on "How to Answer GS 4 Ethics Paper in UPSC Mains
 1. Anonymous
 Hey anudeep, thank you so much for the invaluable insights you have provided us in your book. Its a wonderful piece of your hard work. I got so much to learn from it. Thank you so much. God bless you 🙂
 1. Chetan
 क्या आपकी पुस्तक हिंदी में या फिर English में
 1. Alam Khan
 2. Sartaj Bagali
 Sir please can you tell me that this is ebook or it is hard copy?Will it be delivered to our home?
 3. Laxmiprasad
 Sir meru guidance esthara
 4. Anonymous
 Sir how you learn fluent english
 Please give reply sir
 5. maithili gole
 respected sir, i have made the payment of 389 for essay answer writing book and videos but still it is showing to pay the amount. how should i access the book?
 plz reply it would be helpful for me.
 thanking u
 6. Podhila Shivaprasad
 Anna nv super anna I am full inspired
 2. Chetan
 Kya main BA karke CSE apply karskta ho
 Apki 5 tips aur konsi konsi books Leno chahiye…
 3. Ruchi Kushwaha
 Good Evening sir, I want to write GS paper in English and take Hindi Literature. It's possible or not.
 Yes,Of course.
 Explanation: If your optional is a literature paper then you have to write those optional papers in that very language. Except them, all papers, Essay and G.S I, II, III, IV are to be written only in Hindi or English. So, You can choose English as your medium and Hindi Literature as your optionals.
 4. Ayush
 Wonderful Sir
 Salute to your hard work and perseverance
 You are a true IAS officer,dedicated to Steve your country's people.
 5. Sunayana
 Sir. 1.May I know which online platform for prelims and mains test series is the good one?
 2.whether to join integrated prelims and mains or separate prelims and separate mains test series?
 3.what is the right time to join?
 6. Vaidik
 Sir I am unable to open the video lectures of your those videos are unsupported in my mobile…sir Its a …….please send me those videos in my gmail account as your each video and lecture is very important to me and all the upsc aspirants..
 Really it is very helpful for the beginners..
 Thank you so much anudeep sir.
 8. Madhu
 for beginners it will give full clarity on how be a good thinker and on track aspirants it will give value addition. we good to see u providing this enormous information which u are giving for aspirants. THANK YOU BRO..KEEP ON GIVE THIS BOOST TO ASPIRANTS
 9. Sartaj Bagali
 Sir Thankyou very much for this book.Immensely helpful.Sir is your book enough for upsc preparation if we understand it and like this way.
 10. Anonymous
 Will you release new editions in the upcoming years?? Or is this book useful for upsc 2022 please reply sir….
 11. Lakshmi
 Sir is this only e-book or can I get its hard copy? If yes can I know how to get it.
 Thanks a ton sir! What an exaplanation you have presented before us. I cleared all doubts and ambiguities related to paper 4. thanks again sir.love you sir..
 13. Anonymous
 Thank you sir
 14. Dr. Ganesh Vinayak Jadhwar
 Tnq so much resp. Sir..! Valuable guidance for us…To clear all doubts regarding paper IV.🙏
 15. Pulin Malik
 Hello Sir,
 Your ethics notes are very concise and effective and I am grateful to you for providing these notes.
 One thing i can't make out is the LMR you've written at certain places with an highlighter. Please decode this puzzle so that I can be at peace.😭🙏
 16. Anonymous
 Thank u very much sir 😊 such a wonderful explanation for the beginers like me.
 Keep going in writing such awesome books like this. Actually sreaching for good network,I think this is the correct platform for not only me but also all the asparents …
 Thank u sir from the bottom of the heat 😁
 17. Anonymous
 Hello Sir, but sir from where i get all quotes.
 18. Riya
 Your advice is solid. This is amazingly articulated with detailed suggestions.


text:
About Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority, Yola
Upper Benue River Basin Development Authority, with its administrative headquarters in Yola, Adamawa State, is one of the twelve (12) River Basin Development Authorities established under Decree No. 25 of 1976. as amended by Decree No. 35 of 1987. The functions of the Authority include the development of water resources potentials within its defined area of jurisdiction. The operational area covers, the whole of Gombe and Taraba States, Adamawa central and south senatorial districts and Bauchi south senatorial district.
To provide integrated and sustainable water resources develpment within the upper benue basin.
1. To provide food security through irrigated agriculture, hydropower generation, portable water supply, flood and erosion control and sustainable water shed management.
2. To develop and maintain up-to date Water Resources master plan and data bank in the Upper Benue Basin.


text:
File(s) under permanent embargo
Maximum contrast analysis for nonnegative blind source separation
journal contributionposted on 2011-12-01, 00:00 authored by Zuyuan Yang, Yong XiangYong Xiang, S Xie
In this paper, we propose a maximum contrast analysis (MCA) method for nonnegative blind source separation, where both the mixing matrix and the source signals are nonnegative. We first show that the contrast degree of the source signals is greater than that of the mixed signals. Motivated by this observation, we propose an MCA-based cost function. It is further shown that the separation matrix can be obtained by maximizing the proposed cost function. Then we derive an iterative determinant maximization algorithm for estimating the separation matrix. In the case of two sources, a closed-form solution exists and is derived. Unlike most existing blind source separation methods, the proposed MCA method needs neither the independence assumption, nor the sparseness requirement of the sources. The effectiveness of the new method is illustrated by experiments using X-ray images, remote sensing images, infrared spectral images, and real-world fluorescence microscopy images.


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The module that appears as most suitable for you is called HTML import. This module will divide one single large HTML document into a structured Drupal book where the heading level hierarchy is respected. This module works with HTML exported from Word; HTML document converted from PDF as well as HTML document exported from Adobe InDesign.
This makes it possible to use a single HTML page, created in a word processing program and saved as HTML, or other structured HTML, to create a multipage Drupal book in a single step. You actually need to collate the output from all your
.docx files into a single HTML-file before converting to HTML to use HTML import in a single step.
In case your requirements are beyond what HTML import is capable of, below is a list of all the (usable) Drupal modules I am aware of that can be used to bulk import HTML (and some other formats) into a Drupal site:
- HTML import - Import a single HTML page created from MS Word and split it up into an hierarchical Drupal book structure consisting of a set of interlinked Drupal nodes.
- HTML2Book - This also imports a single HTML page and split it up into an hierarchical Drupal book structure consisting of a set of interlinked Drupal nodes, but requires you to clean up the tagsoup created by MS Word first.
- Import HTML - Import all of an existing, static HTML-site into a Drupal site as nodes.
- Feeds - Import or aggregate data as nodes, users, taxonomy terms or simple database records.
- Migrate - Provides a flexible framework for migrating content into Drupal from other sources, including HTML.
- Node import - Allows users to import content (node, user, taxonomy) from CSV or TSV files. Requires you to convert from HTML to CSV. (no Drupal 7 version)
Of these, the simplest to use are HTML import and HTML2Book. However, both can only handle a single HTML page. For more complex conversion tasks, where you need to convert a large static HTML-site made up of several interlinked pages, one of the other modules may be more suitable.
Also: Whatever tool you use, never experiment with bulk import on a production site. Unless you're a lot more clever than me, there are going to be false starts and botched imports. Cleaning up thousands of nodes damaged by an import gone wrong is not fun. Always experiment with bulk import on a throwaway staging site that just can be discarded wholesale when things go wrong. Transfer the settings and do the import on the production site when you're sure you have a working set-up.


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Sometimes while playing your favorite game on Xbox you might encounter certain errors. In most cases these errors are relatively harmless, but some errors can be severe. Users reported Required storage device removed error on their Xbox, and today we're going to show you how to fix it.
Fix Xbox Error "Required storage device removed"
Fix Error Solution #1: Clear system cache
According to users, they managed to fix this error simply by clearing the system cache. Your cache can sometimes become corrupted and that can lead to this and many other errors. You can fix this error easily by following these steps:
- On the Xbox Home screen go to System.
- Select Storage.
- Select any device and press the Y button on your controller.
- Select Clear System Cache option.
- After clearing the cache, restart your console and check if the problem is resolved.
Fix Error Solution #2: Format your hard drive
Users reported that clearing the cache doesn't always fix the issue, therefore you might want to try formatting your Xbox hard drive. Keep in mind that formatting your hard drive will delete all files from your drive, therefore be sure to back up all important files. To format your hard drive, do the following:
- Start your Xbox without a disc in its tray.
- Go to Settings > System.
- Select the Storage option.
- List of all storage devices will appear. Highlight your hard drive and press the Y button on the controller.
- Select the Format option.
- You should see the confirmation message on the screen.
- Choose Yes to start the formatting process. During this step you might be asked to insert the console's serial number, so be sure to do that. You can find the serial number of your console on its back side.
Fix Error Solution #3: Use an 8GB USB flash drive or larger
Users reported this issue while using a 4GB USB flash drive with their Xbox. To fix this problem you just need to replace the 4GB flash drive with an 8GB drive or larger. After doing that, format the 8GB flash drive by following the steps from Fix Error Solution 2. Once your USB drive is formatted, the issue should be resolved.


casualties after an air crash in unknown terrain; no second chances...
What I'd really like is alternatives to grid-based methods - maybe using vectors or point-source influence maps or something...
Anyone got any suggestions?
People make games and games make people
Offline Jackal von ÖRF
Junior Devvie
« Reply #11 - Posted 2008-07-10 21:13:33 »
The AStarAI and PartialAStarAI seem to spend too much time in going to places where there is nothing new to see.
I think it would be a good strategy to locate the walls and move to areas from which you can see places which you have not yet seen. Something like this:
Each grid cell has one of three states: UNKNOWN, EMPTY, WALL (let's assume that the bot can tell the difference between a wall and a moving obstacle - for example by measuring the distance to the obstacle twise and checking whether it moved or not). In the beginning all cells are UNKNOWN, except that the bot's startup location is EMPTY. When the bot sees a cell, it is marked WALL or EMPTY depending on whether there is a non-movable wall or not.
The bot will locate the closest UNKNOWN cell which is next to an EMPTY cell - let's call this cell X. Then the bot will locate the closest EMPTY cell from which it can see X - let's call this cell Y. (Or even better, locate the closest EMPTY cell from which you can see any UNKNOWN cell.) Then the bot will move to Y and look in the direction of X as far as possible. As a result, X and the UNKNOWN cells around it are marked EMPTY or WALL. Repeat.
If the bot sees a target, reaching this target may or may not take priority over looking at UNKNOWN cells. It might be smart to look at UNKNOWN cells which can be seen when moving along the path to the target. For example, if the target is straight ahead, instead of moving directly to the target, stop a couple of times to look left or right (or take a detour) if there are UNKNOWN cells nearby. Of course, if you know that it is the last available target, then there is no need to look any further.
Offline Eli Delventhal
JGO Kernel
Medals: 42
Projects: 11
Exp: 10 years
Game Engineer
« Reply #12 - Posted 2008-07-12 19:42:01 »
They'd both work ok, trouble is that they're both evolutionary-type methods so they need a learning phase. The idea of these experiments is to 'get it right first time, and fast'. It's like looking for casualties after an air crash in unknown terrain; no second chances...
Well, basically you would teach them and then write the resulting "brain" to an AI file. A typical Q Learner brain for that case will be only like 100kb at the most.
See my work:
OTC Software
Offline Riven
Administrator
« JGO Overlord »
Medals: 1340
Projects: 4
Exp: 16 years
Hand over your head.
« Reply #13 - Posted 2008-07-14 14:10:51 »
The Scenario;
...
The bot has can cast sight-rays but has no more information than that
...
Anyone got any suggestions?
Aren't you cheating here? You're looking around corners for flags, when the AI already visited that spot. In reality it might remember whether grids where accessible, but it can't really see whether there is a flag around the corner... It would actually analyze the environment, and walk a bit to truely look around the corner, which would require quite a lot of intelligence.
Hi, appreciate more people! Σ ♥ = ¾
Learn how to award medals... and work your way up the social rankings!
Offline SimonH
« Reply #14 - Posted 2008-07-14 14:29:44 »
Well, basically you would teach them and then write the resulting "brain" to an AI file. A typical Q Learner brain for that case will be only like 100kb at the most.
Would this work even on entirely new maps, I wonder? I suppose it might...
Aren't you cheating here? You're looking around corners for flags, when the AI already visited that spot.
Not sure what you mean - bots can only see in straight lines...
It would actually analyze the environment, and walk a bit to truely look around the corner, which would require quite a lot of intelligence.
That's the challenge! I want bots that do the least work for the most effect. I'm currently looking at 'frontier-based exploration' which is used by robots, but it's not ideal for use with mobile obstacles...
People make games and games make people
Offline Jackal von ÖRF
Junior Devvie
« Reply #15 - Posted 2008-07-15 23:52:23 »
I implemented a bot using the strategy which I described in my previous post. It still has some problems in getting stuck easily, especially in the roundmaze level, but in other levels it beats the other bots clearly. Here is one test run:
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- forest:
mapsize=800,880
config loaded - 4 reds and 0 blues
JackalsAI done 497 turns 30878ms
NoAI done 1019 turns 833ms
PartialAStarAI done 1063 turns 3699ms
AStarAI done 2003 turns 22724ms
- maze:
mapsize=800,759
config loaded - 3 reds and 0 blues
JackalsAI done 657 turns 10064ms
AStarAI done 5400 turns 14515ms
PartialAStarAI done 11473 turns 15299ms
- square:
mapsize=800,800
config loaded - 4 reds and 0 blues
JackalsAI done 304 turns 17811ms
PartialAStarAI done 493 turns 2640ms
NoAI done 1048 turns 633ms
AStarAI done 1490 turns 20162ms
Right now the bot's sources are 905 SLOC and its tests are 593 SLOC. You can get the sources and compile/run them from _URL_
P.S. You should reorganize the design of the simulator. Now the bots have free access to all information about the game world (especially through the FOW object and its fields such as "public Vector<Waymark> targets"). You should give the AIs only a very restricted interface through which to communicate. I wasn't sure what was allowed (because nothing was prevented), so I used only those methods/fields which were mentioned in RandomAI and created a wrapper for accessing only those (JackalsAI.PlayerSensors).
Offline SimonH
« Reply #16 - Posted 2008-07-16 15:42:47 »
I am impressed - now that's showing off! (I've added your AI to the simulator). Officially the best AI yet...
the bots have free access to all information about the game world
The simulator is meant to be as flexible as possible for different scenarios (hence all the public code). Anyway, what would cheating prove? No glory in that...
It still has some problems in getting stuck easily
I've added a (primitive) fuzzy navigaton method to the Player class (fuzzyNavigate()) which you could use locally to smooth the sticking a bit...
People make games and games make people
Offline Jackal von ÖRF
Junior Devvie
« Reply #17 - Posted 2008-07-16 19:49:52 »
I added today some simple collision detection - if last move failed (apparently because of hitting a wall) then strafe randomly left/right or rotate to random direction. With the help of that the bot can finish roundmaze in a new record time. But it still sometimes gets stuck because of changing the target (unseen cell) too rapidly (the bot will rapidly try to move into two opposite directions). It's also quite a CPU hog. For example it finds the closest target (with breadth-first search) and calculates the path to it (with A*) on every step, which causes visible slow frame rate when the target is far away.
Next I'll improve the movement, add target priority management and do some profiling in order to optimize the worst bottlenecks. I'll release a new version of the bot when I get these done.
The simulator is meant to be as flexible as possible for different scenarios (hence all the public code).
Then you could provide a different set of interfaces for different scenarios. For example one interface has those methods which tell only what the bot itself can see. Then another interface tells information about the whole map's structure. Again another tells the exact locations of all targets and enemies etc.
You could improve the framework code by having an interface which all bots need to implement. Now you are needlessly using reflection in Player.reloadAI() to call the gameTurn() and other bot methods, which is very error prone. Also please move all classes away from the default package. It's not possible to refer to classes in the default package from any other package (this was one of the reasons why I created a wrapper for the Player object in my code).
Offline timfoden
Junior Devvie
Projects: 2
« Reply #18 - Posted 2008-07-17 14:48:35 »
Hi Simon,


the ML model. If the model storage location is registry, the value of this parameter should have registry as the prefix.
 - dataType : The data type of the predicted value (double, float, long, integer/int, string, boolean/bool).
Example predict('registry:/_system/governance/mlmodels/indian-diabetes-model')
Syntax<double|float|long|int|string|boolean> predict(<string> pathToMLModel, <string> dataType, <double> input)
Extension TypeStream Processor
Description
Returns an output event with the additional attribute that has the response variable name of the model, set with the predicted value, using the feature values extracted from the input event.
This function uses the following input parameters.
 - pathToMLModel : The file path or the registry path to the location of the ML model. If the model storage location is registry, the value of this parameter should have registry as the prefix.
 - dataType : The data type of the predicted value (double, float, long, integer/int, string, boolean/bool).
 - input : An attribute of the input stream that is sent to the ML model as a value to based on which the prediction is made. The predict function does not accept any constant values as input parameters. You can have multiple input parameters.
Examplepredict('registry:/_system/governance/mlmodels/indian-diabetes-model', NumPregnancies, TSFT, DPF, BMI, DBP, PG2, Age, SI2)

timeseries
See Time Series Extension.
kf (Kalman Filter)
This extension provides Kalman filtering capabilities to Siddhi. This allows you to detect outliers of input data. Following are the functions of the Kalman Filter extension.
kalmanFilter
This function uses measurements observed over time containing noise and other inaccuracies, and produces estimated values for the current measurement.
Syntax<double, double> kalmanFilter(<double> measuredValue)
Extension TypeFuction
Example
 - 1st round: kf:kalmanFilter(-74.178444) returns an estimated value of -74.178444.
 - 2nd round: kf:kalmanFilter(-74.177872) returns an estimated value of -74.178158000143.
 - 3rd round: kf:kalmanFilter(-74.175703) returns an estimated value of -74.1773396670348.
Syntax<double, double> kalmanFilter(<double> measuredValue, <double> measurementNoiseSD)
Extension TypeFunction
Example
 - 1st round: kf:kalmanFilter(-74.178444) returns an estimated value of -74.178444.
 - 2nd round: kf:kalmanFilter(-74.177872) returns an estimated value of -74.17815800142999.
 - 3rd round: kf:kalmanFilter(-74.175703) returns an estimated value of -74.17733967034776.
Syntax<double, double> kalmanFilter(<double> measuredValue, <double> measuredChangingRate, <double> measurementNoiseSD, <long> timestamp)
Extension TypeFunction
Example
 - 1st round: kf:kalmanFilter(-74.178444) returns an estimated value of -74.1784439700006.
 - 2nd round: kf:kalmanFilter(-74.177872) returns an estimated value of -74.17657538193608.
 - 3rd round: kf:kalmanFilter(-74.175703) returns an estimated value of -74.17487924016262.
map
This extension provides the capability to send a map object inside Siddhi stream definitions and use it inside queries. The following are the functions of the map extension.
create
Syntax
<Object> create()
or
<Object> create(<Object> key1, <Object> value1,<Object> key2, <Object> value2,...<Object> keyN, <Object> valueN)
Extension TypeFunction
DescriptionReturns the created map object.
Examples
 - create() returns an empty map.
 - create(1 , "one" , 2 , "two" , 3 , "three") returns a map with keys 1, 2, 3 and corresponding values "one", "two", "three".
get
Syntax<Object> get(<Map> map, <Object> key)
Extension TypeFunction
DescriptionReturns the value object from the map that is related to the given key.
Exampleget(company,1) returns the value that is related to the key 1 from the map named company.
isMap
Syntax<bool> isMap(<Object> object)
Extension TypeFunction
DescriptionReturns true if the object is a map or false otherwise.
ExampleisMap(students) returns true if the students object is a map. It returns false if the students object is not a map.
put
SyntaxObject> put(<Object> map, <Object> key,<Object> value)
Extension TypeFunction
DescriptionReturns the updated map after adding the given key-value pair.
Exampleput(students , 1234 , "sam") returns the updated map named students after adding the object "sam" with key 1234.
remove
Syntax<Object> remove(<Object> map, <Object> key)
Extension TypeFunction
DescriptionReturns the updated map after removing the element with key.
Exampleremove(students , 1234) returns the updated map students after removing the element with the key 1234.
createFromJSON
Syntax<Object> createFromJSON(<string> JSONstring)
Extension TypeFunction
DescriptionReturns the map created with the key values pairs given in the JSONstring.
ExamplecreateFromJSON("{'symbol' : 'IBM' , 'price' : 200, 'volume' : 100}") returns a map with the keys "symbol""price", "volume", and with the values "IBM"200 and 100 respectively.
createFromXML
Syntax<Object> createFromXML(<string> XMLstring)
Extension TypeFunction
DescriptionReturns the map created with the key values pairs given in the XMLstring.
ExamplecreateFromXML("<company> <symbol> wso2 </symbol> <price> <100> </price> <volume> 200 </volume> </company>") returns a map with the keys "symbol""price""volume", and with the values WSO2100 and 200 respectively.
toJSON
Syntax<string> toJSON(<Object> map)
Extension TypeFunction
DescriptionConverts a map into a JSON object and returns the definition of that JSON object as a string.
ExampleIf "company" is a map with key value pairs ("symbol" : wso2)("volume" : 100), and ("price",200), toJSON(company) returns the string "{"symbol" : "wso2" , "volume" : 100 , "price" : 200}".
toXML
Syntax<string> toXML(<Object> map)
Extension TypeFunction
DescriptionReturns the map as an XML string.
ExampleIf "company" is a map with key value pairs ("symbol" : wso2)("volume" : 100), and ("price" : 200)toXML(map) returns the string "<symbol>wso2</symbol><volume><100></volume><price>200</price>.
reorder
Reorder extension is implemented using the K-Slack algorithm. The K-Slack Siddhi extension is used for reordering events from an unordered event stream. The following is an example of a query with the reorder extension.
@info(name = 'query1')
from inputStream#reorder:kslack(eventTimestamp)
select eventTimestamp, price, volume
insert into outputStream;
There are several important variations of the K-slack API of which the details are described below.
kslack
Syntax
<bool> kslack(<long> timestamp)
Extension TypeStreamProcessor
DescriptionThis is the most basic version. The events are sorted by the timestamp parameter.
Syntax
<bool> kslack(<long> timestamp, <long> timeOut )
Extension TypeStreamProcessor
DescriptionThe second argument shown in the above syntax corresponds to a fixed time-out value set at the beginning of the process. Once the time-out value expires, the extension drains all the events that are buffered within the reorder extension to outside. The time out has been implemented internally using a timer. The events buffered within the extension are released each time the timer ticks.
Syntax
<bool> kslack(<long> timestamp, <long> timeOut, <long> maxValue )
Extension TypeStreamProcessor
DescriptionThe third argument in the above syntax is the maximum value for K. This is the amount to which the


text:
SHARE joined with the Council of Institutional Investors and 44 other investors and investor organizations in a joint letter to the US House Committee on Financial Services to express our opposition to legislation that has recently been introduced and is pending in the Committee related to proxy advisory firms.
SHARE is collaborating on an investor initiative with over 100 investors pushing for banks to back the recent recommendations of the Taskforce on Climate Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD).
The International Labour Organization (ILO) released its new estimates of the number of people who were victims of modern slavery today in New York at the United Nations. The numbers are staggering – an estimated 40.3 million people subjected to some form of modern slavery last year.
Today, August 9, marks the International Day of the Worlds Indigenous Peoples'. This year's theme is the 10th anniversary of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP).
The Ontario Securities Commission (OSC) recently released its annual list of priorities for its work over the 2017-18 fiscal year. Each year the securities regulator invites comments from market participants on the work it proposes to undertake and other areas of concern.
Since 2012, SHARE has engaged with Canada's five largest banks on behalf of shareholders to discuss how they are measuring and managing the physical and transition risks associated with climate change.
Earlier this year, SHARE helped the Pension Plan of the United Church of Canada (PPUCC) file a shareholder proposal at Restaurant Brands International (RBI) asking the board to report on the company's process for identifying and mitigating risks of child or forced labour in the coffee supply chain.


text:
Civil defence requirements occupied a great deal of attention in the run up to the Second World War, and attack by hostile bomber aircraft was the prime concern. The already existing Air Raid Precautions Sub-committee (ARP) had been formed in 1924 by the Committee of Imperial Defence. The most obvious results of civil defence measures taken during the war were the evacuation of children to the countryside, the blackout, gas masks for everyone, and air raid wardens for every community.
The decision was taken to introduce identity cards through a scheme of national registration on 6 October 1939, but the date was brought forward to 29 September 1939.
The government took sweeping measures to control all aspects of civil life under the Emergency Powers Act of 1939. The act was renewed in May 1940 as a result of the swift military collapse of France. As a result, the threat of invasion compelled the cabinet to issue more controls.
Some of the measures taken to control the civil population outlived the war; for example identity cards were not abandoned until 1951, and many food items remained on ration for years (sweets were still rationed in 1953).
The poor economic state of Britain, combined with the philosophy of the incoming Labour government, contributed to the level of control maintained after the end of the war. The massive change in the level of government control over civil life during the Second World War helped prepare people for the impact on individual life of the policies of nationalisation and the development of the welfare state.


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Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum will host Intrepid On Liberty: National Air & Space Museum on Thursday, February 24, 6-7pm EST.
Join the Intrepid Museum and fellow veterans, service members and their loved ones for this virtual staycation. They will be Zooming into the Washington, DC area to visit with the National Air and Space Museum. Dr. Margaret Weitekamp, Space History curator, and Intrepid Museum's Senior Educator Jim Tardiff will discuss different eras of space tourism. Dr. Ross Irwin, curator in the Center for Earth and Planetary Studies, will follow up the talk by discussing where private space travel is heading today and the impact it will have on the future of NASA. Come learn about this fascinating and rapidly developing topic!
New York, NY
Google map and directions


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If you have ever used the Windows Copy (Ctrl+C) to copy objects to the clipboard and then the Windows Paste (Ctrl+V) to copy/paste AutoCAD object(s), then you know that those clipboard object(s) will have the lower left-hand corner of their extents as the base point (not very precise)... and this always reminds me of some of the graphic editing applets (e.g.: Paint or even the wonderful AutoCAD Button Editor!) that have you draw a circle like a rectangle. (annoying to say the least!)
With AutoCAD you can use the keyboard shortcut of (Ctrl+Shft+C) to pick a base point for your clipboard object(s). COPYBASE is the actual command, and then you can paste to a precise point in the destination AutoCAD DWG file using the keyboard shortcut of (Ctrl+Shift+V). This is the PASTEBLOCK command or you can also use the PASTEORIG command if the COPYBASEd object(s) go in the same exact spot in the receiving DWG file.
Also it is important to note: If you do use the Ctrl+Shift+V PASTEBLOCK method and want to leave it as a block, AutoCAD will assign a name for the block, which is something like "A$C11A06AFD" or "A$C1F7A5022"... Either use the RENAME command, or use EXPLODE or XPLODE, also watch your layers, with regards to the object(s) original layers and where this new "block" is being INSERTed... or where they go if they are EXPLODEd vs. XPLODEd. (I will save that for a whole different post).


Why is Bali different to the rest of Indonesia?
Bali is different from the rest of Indonesia because of the religion that it follows. The majority of people in Indonesia are Muslim, but most people in Bali follow Balinese-Hinduism. Many religions set time aside in daily lives for religious rituals; Muslims, for example, pray five times a day.
How is Bali different to the rest of Indonesia?
Bali is small – about 100 miles wide and 70 miles north to south. And, unlike the rest of Indonesia, its 3.9 million residents are mostly Hindu, not Muslim. … From relaxing retreats to bustling streets to standing amid volcanoes and Buddhist temples, Bali, Java and Jakarta capture the essence of Indonesia.
Why is Bali so different?
Culturally Bali is mostly Balinese Hindu, which is quite a stark difference from the mostly Muslim Indonesia. The state of development and foreign influences is also very different in Bali compared to many other places.
Is Indonesia and Bali the same place?
Why is Bali unique?
FASCINATINGLY: What was Myanmar's name before 1988?
How dangerous is Bali?
Why is Bali so cheap?
Which God is Worshipped in Bali?
Bali's official religion is Hindu, but it's far too animistic to be considered in the same vein as Indian Hinduism. The Balinese worship the trinity of Brahma, Shiva and Vishnu, three aspects of the one (invisible) god, Sanghyang Widi, as well as the dewa (ancestral gods) and village founders.
What is the best month to go to Bali?
Is Bali a third world country?
Bali is not a country. It is an island that is part of Indonesia, and Indonesia is said to be a third world country (although it's slowly improving). That being said, there are huge regional differences in Indonesia. As a tourist magnet, the wealth level in Bali is quite a bit higher than in the rest of the country.
FASCINATINGLY: Your question: Is your salary in abroad is taxable here in the Philippines?
Keep Calm and Travel


How can I teach my 3 year old to chew with his mouth closed?
How can I teach my 3 yr old son to chew with his mouth closed? I have tried to demonstrate and show him in a mirror, but he is convinced that it is impossible!
Submitted by jewilson333
Manners are pretty advanced skills, and parents often get disappointed when they have unrealistic expectations of their young children. A three-year-old is still getting the hang of his body, and how to control it -- and quite honestly, he couldn't care less about manners. That's just a developmental reality.
There's not a lot you can do to force the issue. Your best bet is to give him a lot of praise and positive feedback when his manners improve even a little -- and ignore the poor behavior. You run the risk of reinforcing bad manners by giving them too much attention. For now, focus on staying at the table for mealtime, using an "inside voice" when the family eats together, and keeping food on his plate. Better manners are more realistic over time, but certainly at age 5, 6, and older.
Answered by Parents Team
Community Answers (2)
It is really not so easy to explain to a 3 year old WHY he must eat with his mouth closed. Table manners etc. are difficult to be taught and I realized that after a couple of times I tried with my 3 year old. I found out a fun way (for me) to get him to do that. At the table when we sat to eat together, I would direct that instruction to my husband and pretend I was talking to him. My boy would look at him and then imitate him. It was great, no fuss!!
Submitted by margaritadrake


Magnetotropic Cultivation
Jasper Kim, Allen Greer
Britannia Secondary
Floor Location : M 175 L
Magnetotropism. By growing plants induced with magnetic fields, could this be the start of a new future? Our hypothesis was 'germinating snow peas under magnetic fields with differing directional forces of magnetism would improve plant growth rate and productivity'. In our study, we examined the effects of magnetic fields and their directional forces on plant growth in Pisum sativum var. saccharatum. We discovered increases in growth rate, height and development. Comparisons were made between the control group and four magnetically altered test groups. Results and observations were recorded using statistical analysis and p-values. Our project has been proven statistically significant, therefore further replica tests and branches are currently being tested and looked into. In conclusion, our hypothesis was proven correct. rnrnReal life application for a project such as ours is planetary. Currently, food sources wordwide are lacking and it is predicted there will be an absence of food adequacy for everyone. By using 'Magnetotropic Cultivation', we hope to increase production levels on farmlands and thereby enabling farms to produce more food for availability. rnrn


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Comparisons of semiconductor power switches and relays often focus only on the cost of the switch itself, which is only reasonable for applications that only care about the switching function. And when an application can take advantage of the additional features provided by a smart semiconductor power switch, it should be compared based on the total cost of the system.
This article refers to the address: http://
In calculating the system cost, it is necessary to consider not only the pure functional advantages of the smart semiconductor power switch itself, but also some other benefits it brings, such as a reduction in power requirements and a reduction in the final vehicle fuel consumption. Now, the automotive industry is planning to develop a car that consumes only three liters of gasoline per 100 kilometers (equivalent to 80 miles per gallon), and its lower power budget and resulting cost savings should not be overlooked.
Semiconductor power switches have more features
In automotive applications, the functionality of intelligent power switches can be broadly divided into direct switching functions and additional functions. In addition, the use of semiconductor power switches may also have some alternative effect of reducing the cost of other regions. For example, if a smart power semiconductor switch helps reduce the power consumption of the entire system, then perhaps we can use a smaller power car generator.
As with mechanical switches, relays, or discrete components, a switching function refers to turning a load on or off. For example, the fuel pump can be turned on or off quietly by means of a power semiconductor switch, but in addition, the smart power semiconductor switch provides many additional functions. Replacing a relay with a semiconductor power switch means that the short circuit will never burn the switches, loads, cables and fuses. Infineon Technologies' intelligent power semiconductor switches are designed to protect the system from damage in the event of a short circuit, and of course all inductive components on the feeder. The switches also have an anti-overheating function: they will selectively disconnect the current of either load once the temperature exceeds a certain limit. Whether the temperature rise is caused by excessive current or by the influence of an external heat source is not different for these switches.
Another additional feature offered by smart power semiconductor switches is overvoltage protection. All PROFET and HITFET power semiconductor switches (Figure 1) have dynamic overvoltage (eg, steep load reduction or Schaffner pulse) protection. This feature includes turning off the inductive load. In such cases, the negative voltage peak generated across the switch can be limited to a typical value of -50 or -60V by dynamic Zener clamp. Unlike mechanical switches, it does not require additional components.
Smart power semiconductor switches also provide diagnostics. This feature is especially useful in safety-related applications and system maintenance. Since diagnostic reports can provide data on load interruptions, temporary fault data can be recorded and stored, which greatly simplifies the troubleshooting and location process. Those faults that are difficult for car drivers and maintenance personnel to find (such as lambda probe failure or washer tube heater failure) can now be easily found by this method.
Some semiconductor power switches can be designed to operate at high frequencies, and they can be used to achieve very high switching applications such as brake lights or PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) switches. It is particularly worth mentioning that PWM has created new applications such as dimming lamps, driving analog valves or motor speed control. PWM allows us to easily monitor current and power.
To control large currents, you must first know the magnitude of the current. With the new switches in the PROFET and HITFET families, the current flowing through the switch can be estimated by a sensed signal in a linear mode relative to ground. This allows overload or hidden shorts to be detected and the switch is turned off as soon as they exceed the maximum allowable duration. This method provides protection against overheating and fire without the need for a fuse. In addition, the cross-section of the cable conductor can be perfectly matched to the rated load current, which can greatly reduce the cost of the entire system.
Intelligent load control reduces power requirements
Although all users are happy to take advantage of the additional features offered by power semiconductor switches, there is no consensus on how much cost-effective these features can be. However, its alternative value shows that it is obvious, and this can be shown by unquestionable figures.
These benefits can be demonstrated by the example of an oil pump. Regardless of the speed of the vehicle, the power consumed by the pump and the engine is between 80 and 250 watts. The specific values â€‹â€‹are related to the design. The engine output is designed to require maximum flow of fuel at full speed. When the engine is idle, excess fuel is returned to the tank through the safety valve, which requires only a few watts of power to operate the pump (Figure 2). Therefore, if the pump can be designed to provide fuel as needed, the average power consumption of the engine will be reduced to between 5 watts and 50 watts, depending on the pump capacity.
Intelligent control can reduce the power consumption of the pump engine by at least 100 watts. In general, the efficiency of a car's power generation is relatively low: for every 100 watts of power, the fuel consumption per 100 kilometers increases by 0.15 liters. Therefore, saving 100 watts of power is equivalent to reducing the weight of the vehicle by 50 kilograms.
Table 1 lists the various automotive loads that can be reduced by intelligent switches. At present, since many of these loads are still mechanically driven by the internal combustion engine, it is difficult to control. The cooling water pump is a device that is easily controlled or regulated by an electric drive. Another suitable application is hydraulic steering wheel control: power is only consumed when the steering wheel needs to be turned. In contrast, today's cars always consume one kilowatt of power even when they are in a straight line.
The numbers given in the table are approximate and obviously vary greatly with the model. However, they clearly show that in a medium-range or luxury car, you can save hundreds of watts in the driving system alone. In these types of vehicles, the fuel consumption can thus be reduced from the current 14 liters per 100 kilometers to approximately 6 liters.
To illustrate the potential for fuel savings, Figure 3 shows the additional fuel consumption of a mid-range vehicle caused by the engine (80A) and the air conditioning system. For ease of testing, the two systems are disconnected from each other so that energy is only provided by the battery. Under these conditions, we use the EUDC cycle to determine fuel consumption. It can be seen that when this cycle starts, that is, when the average speed is low, the fuel consumption is large. As this cycle time increases, at higher speeds, the additional consumption is reduced to approximately 2-3 liters per 100 kilometers. We found that for a generator with an output power defaulting to about 1 kW, the extra consumption per 100 km mentioned above is a very conservative estimate and can only be achieved at the optimal engine speed.
Relying on power management to further reduce system cost
Reducing the electrical demand of a car means that a smaller power engine can be used, the battery can be made smaller, the cable can have a smaller cross section, and the total weight of the car can be reduced.
This can reduce the overall cost of automotive design and manufacturing. Since the power semiconductor switch can be turned off in the event of a short circuit and an overload (for example, when the oil pump is blocked), it is clear that we can reduce the load or pump accordingly. This in turn saves pump design costs while also reducing pump weight.
There are several rules of thumb that can be used to estimate design costs. For every kilogram of weight lost, you can reduce the design cost of a car by 10 to 20 DM (or $3-6 per pound), and you can reduce the cost by 5-10 DM ($3-6) for every watt of power saved.
If all the electrical loads in a car are added together, then the total static power demand will be around a kilowatt. In new high current applications, this number can be increased several times. If all loads can be switched on at the same time, the engine, battery and cable must be designed to withstand this maximum load. However, if the load can be switched on in a certain order and intelligently, then some large current loads do not have to be switched on at the same time, so that the maximum power demand can be drastically reduced. To achieve this, some of the load can be selectively turned off, or the load can be reduced to the minimum required value by PWM (Figure 4).
For example, when the ABS pump is in operation, the heating elements of the rear window can be temporarily turned off. In order to reduce the voltage drop caused by the increase of the peak current, various motors can also be switched according to different delays. This power management method can also be used for car theft. The same method can be used to selectively cut off loads and power lines in the event of an accident, thereby greatly enhancing the safety and theft protection of the entire vehicle.
Smart power semiconductor switches reduce fuel consumption
The use of smart power semiconductor switches in the automotive industry has been a clear trend: not only to achieve some additional functionality, but also to reduce costs. Manufacturing a car that runs 100 kilometers with 3 liters of fuel means that electrical and electromechanical loads must be optimized, especially for electromechanical loads. Here, Infineon's smart power semiconductor switches help the automotive industry achieve solutions that are not only economically viable but also environmentally friendly.
This battery is for replacing Lead


text: COMPARE THE MALE CHARACTERS IN THE TWO POEMS. COURSEWORK ESSAY Between 500 -1000 words. The first paragraph should tell the reader which poems and which author, and mention the title as the subject of the essay. STRUCTURE – make a point, then use a quotation to support your point, then go on to explain your point. Look at THEME RHYME METAPHOR PERSONIFICATION ATMOSPHERE IMAGERY SYMBOLISM EMOTIVE WORDS Points to write about – What we find out in the poems about the setting, the worlds they come from. One is rich and luxurious. The other? In each case who is the man addressing in the poem. Their attitudes towards the women -Both men are possessive, but in different ways. How does this manifest. Both are passionate and want to 'own' the women. How does each man describe the woman in the poem – what can we tell about his character and his emotions from his description of her. Porphyria's lover is very emotional and passionate – describe, explain, quotations - how does this lead to her death. How emotional is the Duke? Describe in detail again. How does this lead to the death of the Duchess. One death is clearly described, one is more ambiguous. Is either death justified? What does each man do after the woman is killed. Different reactions – describe and explain. What do these differing reactions tell us about their states of mind, their guilt.. Describe the ending of each poem The last paragraph should refer back to the title of the essay and form the conclusion.


Spiked Eigenvalue Test for Pathway data
Tests gene expression data from a biological pathway for biologically meaningful differences in the eigenstructure between two classes. Specifically, it tests the null hypothesis that the two classes' leading eigenvalues and sums of eigenvalues are equal. A pathway's leading eigenvalue arguably represents the total variability due to variability in pathway activity, while the sum of all its eigenvalues represents the variability due to pathway activity and to other, unregulated causes. Implementation of the method described in Danaher (2015), "Covariance-based analyses of biological pathways".
Reference manual
1.0 by Patrick Danaher, 6 years ago
Browse source code at _URL_
Authors: Patrick Danaher
Documentation: PDF Manual
GPL-2 license
See at CRAN


text:
- Get Involved
The Toledo Zoo Education department offers fun programs and services for learners of all ages; check out the programs below for more information.
We have a variety of fun courses for children six months to four years old and also for the whole family. Our programs are offered on weekdays and weekends and feature a variety of fun learning experiences at the Toledo Zoo.
Summer Safari Camps
These wildly popular summer programs let kids have fun, hands-on learning at the Zoo and beyond! Campers make enrichment items for Zoo animals, take special tours, make crafts, play wild games and so much more!
Nature's Neighborhood is the Zoo's year-round children's zoo where kids learn through play. Each day Nature's Neighborhood has great opportunities for fun, learning, and exploration! (free with regular Zoo admission)
Toledo Zoo Preschool
Your 3 or 4-year-old will love coming to the Zoo each day; or certified teachers have great lessons and activities waiting for your child.
Our programs, offered throughout the school year, help homeschool students meet academic standards. Programs fill up quickly, so register today.
Our teachers bring live animals, biofacts and animal expertise to your location for a wild lesson. Programs for convalescent centers, libraries, hospitals, senior centers, and special-needs organizations within Lucas County are free. Sign up today—programs fill quickly.
Our Discovery Box collection has great learning tools to enhance your lessons for students of all ages. Discovery Boxes can be checked out and used at the location of your choice.
Scout Badge Programs
Do you have Boy Scouts or Girl Scouts in your family? Check into our seasonal badge programs offered at the Zoo.
This overnight program at the Zoo offers a one-of-a-kind experience. Ideal for school classes, scout troops, clubs, home school groups, church groups and more.


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In this essay i will describe key elements of psychodynamic theory, person-centred theory and cognitive-behavioural theory i will also identify the key differences between the above theories i shall also describe how counselling theory underpins the use of counselling skills in practise i will. Identify the key elements of psychodynamic cognitive behavioural and person centred theories of counselling giving consideration to how each theory develops the relationship between client and coun. Key features of the psychodynamic approach are: our behaviour and feelings as adults are rooted in our childhood experiences relationships (particularly parenting) are of primary importance in determining how we feel and behave. Person-centered therapy, elements of good therapy rogers identified six key factors that stimulate growth within an individual.
Extracts from this document introduction write an essay describing the key concepts and the principles of the person centred approach and your understanding of how these principles are applied to the counselling setting. Counselling should empower girls and boys to participate fully in, and most sub-saharan african societies have, in the past, been held together by elements unique. This ethical framework for good practice in counselling and psychotherapy is published by the british association for counselling and psychotherapy, bacp house, 15 st john's business park, lutterworth, leicestershire, le17 4hb. Law and counselling lecture 3 contracts in counselling the court will look at the three key elements to determine if a contract has been form: 2.
Six basic principles form the foundation of acceptance and commitment therapy so a key component of receive australia's most popular electronic counselling. Counselling micro skills chapter 1 - introduction in this course you will briefly consider the core communication skills of counselling: those fundamental. The functions of supervision will have found that all three elements were supervision' in counselling can be seen as a key factor in the spread of non.Careers in counselling training to be a counsellor search for jobs work for bacp. Counselling theory essay skills theories theory essay written introduction in this essay i will describe key elements of psychodynamic theory, person-centred theory and cognitive-behavioural theory. Family systems therapy holds that individual concerns are related to issues within the family of origin elements of good therapy ethics in therapy. Transcript of psychoanalytic group counseling roles of group counselor key concepts sigmund freud goals and the unconscious elements. Being an ethical practitioner of counselling requires us as therapists to take the framework has 6 elements the principles of good practice: self-respect.
The authors of several recent papers have advised that interviews about breaking bad news should include a number of key the essential elements in. Counselling contract all counsellors will work to the british association of counselling and psychotherapy (bacp) code of ethics,. 5 key elements of effective change management these five key elements of successful change management will work if you approach them in order and with good.
The first risk that someone considering counseling can face is a bad therapist you read that correctly, some psychotherapists are just not good. The therapeutic relationship in humanistic therapy it is through the relationship that the therapist provides the three critical elements of therapy: 1). Counseling private practice: key elements for success adrianne frischhertz, phd, lpc-s, crc _PHONE_ [email protected]Download
2018. Education database.


text: At least one indication in every list box has to be made to show a result for each variable. When you wish to see one or a few variables, mark these only. N.B. To undo a mark, press the button CTRL and click the mouse button on the text. To select all lines in a list box: - Mark the first line in the list box. Then press the buttons SHIFT and END simultaneously. To select/undo a marked line in a list box: - Press the button CTRL and click the left mouse button on the selected line simultaneously. To select more than one line in a list box: - Mark lines in a row by pressing the left mouse button and slip it over the requested lines. Or, mark the first line on your list and then press the button SHIFT at the same time as you press the up or down arrows on the keyboard. - Mark lines, not in a row, by pressing the button CTRL at the same time as you click the left mouse button on the requested lines. To search for a specific value in the list box: - Mark the first line in the list box. Then type the first letter in the line requested. If you fail in getting the right line, try the typing again until you find the right value. Or use the up or down arrows or the mouse button to look further.


text:
Here is a sample job description template for the position of Family Support Specialist:
Job Title: Family Support Specialist
Location of the Job: Rutland, VT 05701
Years of Experience: 1 to 3 Years
Job Type: Full Time Employee
Education Level: Bachelor's degree
Family Support Specialist Works in partnership with families, social workers, and services providers to promote safety, permanency, and well-being for children and youth referred by the local child welfare agency.
Duties and Responsibilities:
- Attends all mandatory training.
- Maintains client confidentiality.
- Maintains minimum direct service hour requirements.
- Develops growth-oriented relationship with clients.
- Remains compliant with agency CQI and HIPPA standards.
- Completes required documentation in keeping with agency standards, CYF, and CCBHO.
- Participates in family therapy sessions as outlined in the treatment schedule.
- Provides case management services and parenting education.
- Participates in formulation of time limited, goal-directed, and strength based treatment plans.
- Be well versed in signs of addiction and other mental health diagnoses.
- Provides 20 hours of direct client care per week; 20% (4 hours) of which is delivered with the Mental Health Clinician.
- Promotes the Mission and Philosophy of Holy Family Institute.
- Time management skills necessary to accomplish this position.
- Detail and organizational skills critical.
- Must be computer literate.
- Must attend relevant skills-enhancement training and demonstrate required program specific knowledge.
- Ability to communicate effectively in a community based environment.
- Must possess knowledge of child development; including physical, mental, emotional and cultural and ethnicity issues required.
- Knowledgeable of community resources, service referrals and linkage.
- Public speaking skills required. Must be highly motivated and self-directed.
- Must possess strong oral and written communication skills.
Salary: $22.00 – $26.00 Hourly DOE


text:
Instructions on How to Use a Swanson Speed Square
Today, we're taking about the Swanson Speed Square. A speed square is an essential DIY tool for woodworking. Invented way back in 1930, the popularity of the Swanson speed square has grown substantially over time.
The speed square is a rafter square, miter square, try square, scribing guide, protractor and, perhaps most usefully, a good saw guide.
Instructions to use a speed square:
As a Saw Guide: You simply hold the speed square base against the lumber and align the guide rail on your circular saw (being sure to keep your hands clear of the blade) to make clean straight cross-cuts.
As a Protractor: Simply hold the base against a flat surface and find the desired angle marking.
To Find Rafter Angles: The primary use is to find the angle for rafters. Calculating the correct angles for a rise to run ratio is simple with trigonometry, but the speed square eliminates the need for a calculator. First, set the pivot at the edge of the board. Next, rotate the square around that point until the edge of the board aligns with the mark you want on the common scale. Mark a line along the ruled side of the square.
The speed square also makes quick work of hips and valley rafters– same method as for common rafters, but use the Hip-Val" scale.
To scribe parallel lines: An often overlooked feature is the scribe feature. The tool provides a set of notches 1/4 inch apart. Set a pencil in the desired notch and slide the square along the board to mark a parallel line.
Be sure to pick one up before your next DIY woodworking project.


text:
Date of Award
Urban Studies and Planning
Richard L. White
Bicycle stores -- Public relations, Neighborhoods -- Social aspects
The local bicycle shop (LBS) has long served its neighborhood as a retail establishment and service center, but little has been done to analyze its influence on the greater community. After examining the categories of people who cycle and frequent bike shops, a rough typology of the different kinds of bike shops often found in a city was synthesized. This paper examines the different roles or assets that a given shop can be in a neighborhood. From a third place or anchoring institution to advocate for and even component of cycling infrastructure, the LBS fulfills one or several of these responsibilities to its community. The definitions of these four community assets will provide insight into how the average bicycle shop might act as such. Specific shops in the city of Portland are then carefully examined through observation and staff interviews to determine the extent to which these roles are actually performed. This paper suggests that a community that wishes to establish or maintain itself as friendly towards cycling should recognize the LBS as a crucial part of that image by providing a unique place for all people to gather, socialize, and exchange knowledge.
Wesolowski, Timothy J., "The Great Good Bicycle Shop: Exploring the Community Roles of a Neighborhood Business" (2015). University Honors Theses. Paper 137.


text: Figure 3: Relative sizes of IGCs in embryos, distinguished by the age. Results are presented as mean ± SEM with the level of significance. Digital images of embryo nuclei stained by antibody against SC35, a marker of speckles/IGCs, were used to measure the size of speckles. The average size of speckles at the stage of early zygote (20 h) was taken as a unit. The intensity of the column color conventionally reflects differences in transcriptional activity of embryo nuclei. The values of the relative size of speckles after the beginning of ZGA differ significantly from the stage of early zygote (20 h) at all stages studied (28 h, 32 h, 46 h, and 55 h), as indicated by asterisks. Not less than 15 embryos were analyzed for each age group; that is, more than 200 speckles were measured for each stage studied.


text: Scheduling plays an essential role in multitasking, multiprocessing, and real-time operating systems. The major objective of scheduling is to enhance system performance. Various pre-emptive and non-preemptive scheduling techniques have been developed; however, often contradictory results have left designer skeptical about the efficacy of techniques and there exists no clear consensus about the robustness of the scheduling technique. Round robin is considered as the most widely adopted algorithm having advantages that include fairness and simplicity, but constant time quantum may result in worst turnaround time and waiting time. In this research work, a round robin based scheduling scheme named randomized dynamic quantum (RDQ) CPU scheduling algorithm has been proposed that is based on the idea of using randomly generated dynamic time quantum. Simulation results indicate that RDQ improves turnaround time and waiting time as compared to existing schemes.


How to Install
 1. Disconnect the computer from keyboard, monitor, and all other external components.
 2. Remove the Dirt Bag from its protective packaging being careful not to pierce the filter.
 3. Open internal packaging and remove the disk drive door, instruction card, drive frame, and Velcro strap. Review the instructions on the card.
 4. Unfold the Dirt Bag, grasping the unsealed edge and gently shaking to open. Rotate the computer so it is resting on its backside, disk drives facing upwards.
 5. Slide the Dirt Bag over the computer.
 6. Carefully set the computer back on its base. Gently lift the rear of the computer so any bunched filter can be straightened out.
 7. It is very important at this point to make sure that the Dirt Bag is not pulled tight around the computer. Allow the filter to breathe easy and permit access to all of the disk drives.
 8. Remove the backing from the disk drive door frame and place it on the Dirt Bag so the drives are framed.
 9. With a pair of sharp scissors, carefully cut along the inside left, bottom, and right sides of the frame creating a door flap.
 10. Remove backing from the Dirt Bag disk drive door; there will be adhesive along the top and in the center of the door. Align the door with the frame and gently press to secure.
 11. Reconnect all components to the backside. The cables will reach the computer by running through the open end of the Dirt Bag.
 12. Secure the back of the Dirt Bag with the Velcro fastener.
 13. Access drives simply by lifting flap.
 14. The Dirt Bag computer filter is now fully installed. Start your computer and continue working as usual.


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We study the efficient allocation of a divisible asset when reallocation is costly. Two players initially divide an asset between them. At the time of this initial division the players' valuations for the asset are uncertain. After the uncertainty resolves, costly reallocation may take place. We first establish that the surplus associated with efficient reallocation monotonically increases or decreases in the concentration of the initial division for a wide range of cost specifications. We then characterize how the budget necessary to implement the efficient reallocation changes with the initial division. (JEL D11, D63, D81)
"Reallocation Costs and Efficiency."
American Economic Journal: Microeconomics,
Consumer Economics: Theory
Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty