The :attr::ccdc.molecule.Molecule.HBondCriterion.path_length_range may be used to control whether hydrogen bonds may span distinct components of a molecule. By default this range is set to (4, 999), i.e. hydrogen bonding atoms must be on the same component and separated by at least four atoms. We can change this to detect hydrogen bonds between the components of a molecule:
>>> catkit = csd.molecule('CATKIT')
>>> print(len(catkit.hbonds()))
>>> criterion.path_length_range = (-1, 999)
>>> print(len(catkit.hbonds(hbond_criterion=criterion)))
Within the ccdc.molecule.Molecule.HBondCriterion we have access to the atom types required for forming hydrogen bonds. These may be changed to include or exclude particular hydrogen bonds. The atom types are exposed as dictionary-like attributes of ccdc.molecule.Molecule.HBondCriterion:
>>> criterion = Molecule.HBondCriterion()
>>> donor_types = criterion.donor_types
>>> print(', '.join(k for k in donor_types.keys()))
+nitrogen, metal bound N, imine N, aromatic (6-ring) N, amide or thioamide N, planar N, pyramidal N, ammonium N (NH4+, RNH3+ etc.), unclassified N, -nitrogen, +oxygen, metal bound O, water O, hydroxyl O, unclassified O, -oxygen, +sulphur, metal bound S, non metal bound S, -sulphur, +carbon, sp C, sp2 C, sp3 C, aromatic C, carboncationic C, -carbon
As with all dictionary-like objects, care must be taken to use the exact string as a key. The values are 'YES', 'NO' and 'NEVER'. The latter is purely heuristic, indicating that it is highly unlikely that this should ever be considered a hydrogen-bonding atom. When setting, the values True and False will work as expected:
>>> print(donor_types['carboncationic C'])
>>> donor_types['carboncationic C'] = True
This interface is somewhat fiddly and error prone, so there are methods using atoms as exemplars of their type:
>>> donor_atom = abacuf.atoms[5]
>>> print(criterion.is_donor(donor_atom))
>>> print(criterion.donor_atom_type(donor_atom))
metal bound O
>>> criterion.set_donor_type(donor_atom, False)
>>> print(criterion.is_donor(donor_atom))
Now no hydrogen bonds will be found using this criterion:
>>> print(abacuf.hbonds(hbond_criterion=criterion))
Accessing atomic properties
Let us have a look at the atomic properties available to us using the ABEBUF structure. To do this we will need an atom. Let us just use the first one in the molecule.
>>> atom = mol.atoms[0]
We can identify the atom using the index and/or the label. Atoms may have residue labels where these have been set in the molecule.
>>> print(atom.index)
>>> print(atom.label)
>>> print(atom.residue_label)
>>> atom.residue_label = 'RES'
>>> print(atom.residue_label)
There is a convenience method, ccdc.molecule.Molecule.set_residue_by_component() which sets the residue labels of disconnected components of the molecule to distinct values.
To understand the chemistry we can inspect the atomic symbol and the formal charge.
>>> print(atom.atomic_symbol)
>>> print(atom.formal_charge)
There is a property to inspect the partial charge of an atom, where available, and a method of the molecule to calculate partial charges. The method used is that of Gasteiger J.; Marsili M., Tetrahedron 36 (22) 3219-3228 1980. This is comparatively fast, and has good convergence properties, but is applicable only to organic molecules. Accordingly a bool is returned indicating the success of failure of the assignment.
>>> print(atom.partial_charge)
>>> print(mol.assign_partial_charges())
>>> print(round(atom.partial_charge, 2))
If a formal charge is explicitly set for any atom of the molecule, the partial charges will be invalid and so will be removed.
>>> atom.formal_charge = -1
>>> print(atom.partial_charge)
In common with many cheminformatics toolkits, the partial charge properties of atoms may be abused to store an arbitrary value:
>>> atom.partial_charge = 3.14
>>> print(round(atom.partial_charge, 2))
Finally, partial charges may be removed, allowing atomic formal charges to be represented in a mol2 format charge field:
>>> mol.remove_partial_charges()
>>> print(atom.partial_charge)
Furthermore, there are also descriptors to check whether or not an atom is a metal, a hydrogen bond donor, a hydrogen bond acceptor and whether or not it is in a ring system.
>>> atom.is_metal
>>> atom.is_donor
>>> atom.is_acceptor
>>> atom.is_cyclic
Clearly, we also have access to the atomic coordinates.
>>> print(atom.coordinates)
Coordinates(x=1.929, y=5.168, z=1.721)
>>> print(', '.join('%.4f' % a for a in atom.fractional_coordinates))
0.1799, 0.4741, 0.0623
The coordinates returned by ccdc.molecule.Atom.coordinates() is in orthogonal space. If the atom has no coordinates, None will be returned. Similarly fractional_coordinates will return None if no coordinate information is available.
Where the uncertainty of the determination of the coordinates has been recorded, this information may be obtained from the atom. In the case of ABEBUF read from the molecule file, this information is not available:
>>> print(atom.fractional_uncertainties)
However the CSD entry for ABEBUF does contain the requisite data:
>>> abebuf = io.MoleculeReader('CSD').molecule('ABEBUF')
>>> a = abebuf.atoms[0]
>>> print(a.fractional_uncertainties)
(0.17989(8), 0.47410(8), 0.06227(3))
>>> uncertain_val = a.fractional_uncertainties[0]
>>> print(uncertain_val.value)
>>> print(uncertain_val.precision)
>>> print(uncertain_val.uncertainty)
Atoms read from some sources, such as PDB files or CIF files may have atomic displacement parameters recorded. For such atoms there is a property, ccdc.molecule.Atom.displacement_parameters giving access to a class, ccdc.molecule.Atom.DisplacementParameters from which these data may be extracted. Atoms read from the CSD do not yet contain atomic displacement parameters, so the property returns None:
>>> print(atom.displacement_parameters)
However, an atom read from a PDB file will have this information:
>>> file_name = 'pdb1fax.pdb'
>>> from ccdc.protein import Protein
>>> protein = Protein.from_file(file_name)
>>> atom_with_adps = protein.atoms[0]
>>> adps = atom_with_adps.displacement_parameters
>>> print(adps.type)
>>> print(adps.temperature_factor)
There are other, more specialised data available: please see the documentation of the class for more details.
There is a convenience property to determine whether all the heavy atoms of a molecule have 3D coordinate information:
>>> mol.is_3d
We have access to the neighbouring atoms:
>>> atom.neighbours
and to the bonds to this atom:
>>> atom.bonds
(Bond(Double Atom(O1) Atom(C1)),)
We can access R/S chirality information for atoms:
>>> duxyea = io.MoleculeReader('CSD').molecule('DUXYEA')
>>> print(', '.join('(%s, %s)' % (a.label, a.chirality) for a in duxyea.atoms if a.is_chiral))
(C1, S), (C3, R), (C6, R), (C7, S)...
We will also detect para-chiral centres where the chirality of the atom depends only on the chirality of connected atoms:
>>> hptrol = io.MoleculeReader('csd').molecule('HPTROL')
>>> hptrol.add_hydrogens()
>>> print(', '.join('(%s, %s)' % (a.label, a.chirality) for a in hptrol.atoms if a.is_chiral)) # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
(C2, R), (C4, S), (C6, S)
HPTROL 2D diagram.
HPTROL 2D diagram, to exemplify para-chiral centres.
Here the central C4 atom is para-chiral since the atoms C2 and C6 have opposite chirality.
Accessing bond properties
Let us have a look at the bond properties available to us using the ABEBUF structure. To do this we will need a bond. Let us just use the first one in the molecule.
>>> bond = mol.bonds[0]
To identify the bond we can access the two atoms connected by it.
>>> atom1, atom2 = bond.atoms
>>> print(atom1.label)
>>> print(atom2.label)
To understand the chemistry we can check the bond type.
>>> print(bond.bond_type)
Note that we can also use integers to check the type of a bond.
>>> bond.bond_type == 1
>>> bond.bond_type == 2
The integers used to represent bond types according to the CSD convention are.
Type Integer
Unknown 0
Single 1
Double


Errors
Requests made to the Bid Manager API that can't be completed return an error message. Error messages should be parsed and appropriately handled to avoid future errors. Requests returning errors consume user quota, and error rates are considered when reviewing requests for additional quota.
An error response has the following format and includes an HTTP response code, an error message, and a Google RPC code status:
{
 "error": {
 "code": integer,
 "message": string,
 "status": enum (google.rpc.Code)
 }
}
Here's a list of common API errors along with the recommended action to take if they are returned:
Recommended Actions for error code and RPC
400 INVALID_ARGUMENT There's an issue with your request. Review the message field in the error response, and modify your request accordingly.
If you are experiencing issues with finding an acceptable combination of filters, dimensions, and metrics, refer to our reporting best practices for recommendations.
401 UNAUTHENTICATED Your request couldn't be properly authenticated. Verify that you are including valid OAuth credentials in your request. For more information, see the Get Started guide.
404 NOT_FOUND The Query or Report you are attempting to run or retrieve cannot be found. Verify the following:
429 RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED You have exceeded either your API request quota or reporting quota. Read the error message to determine what type of quota you are exceeding:
500 INTERNAL The API experienced an internal error. Use the exponential backoff error handling strategy to wait and retry the request. If the error persists, contact support.
504 DEADLINE_EXCEEDED The API took too long to complete the request. Use the exponential backoff error handling strategy to wait and retry the request. If the error persists, contact support.


text:
Agricultural Growth Programme (AGP) Survey and Establishing a Baseline Data for Impact Evaluation.
The project was a 5-year programme that was started in 2010/11 and implemented in 83 selected woredas of the Amhara, Oromiya, SNNPR and Tigray regions.
Client: Ministry of Agriculture
Objective of the study: The essential components of the AGP intervention are: expansion and strengthening of irrigation agriculture, increasing crop and livestock productivity, enhancing processing and marketing (commercialization) of high-value agricultural commodities. The overall objective of the study was to produce baseline data on these intervention components on the basis of impact result indicators in order to be able to monitor and evaluate the overall implementation and the immediate and ultimate impacts of the Agricultural Growth Programme.
Methodology Used : The baseline study was designed in such a way so as to enable the assessment of the impacts of AGP on the target variables of agricultural growth, productivity, commercialization, input use and institutional services. This was done by comparing the changes in the target variables with those of the baseline status of the AGP in intervention woredas, and by comparing the changes in the target variables withthose of the quasi-control (non-intervention) woredas. The baseline data was collected through a household survey by employing a structured questionnaire and through key informant interviews.
Concluding Remarks The Agricultural Growth Programme was launched with the aim of realizing the following outcomes:
1) Increasing agricultural productivity of major crops and livestock,
2) Increasing market access for key and high value agricultural commodities,
3) Establishing and/or capacitating farmers' organizations,
4) Strengthening key advisory services for enhanced productivity and value addition,
5) Scaling up best practices,
6) Increasing market orientation and specialization in selected key value chains,
7) Realizing and managing demand-driven infrastructure investment for improved agricultural productivity in a sustainable manner,
8)Realizing and managing demand-driven infrastructure investments for improved access to markets in a sustainable manner.
Two problems have been observed when considering the above outcomes while conducting the AGP Baseline Survey. Firstly, many of the outcomes given were not adequately SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound). Secondly, the indicators given for each outcome were vague, less specific and difficult to measure. Besides, the assumption that some of the indicators of the outcomes could be collected through rapid interviews of woreda officials/managers was tested to be wrong, due to the absence of well documented records of quantitative data/measures on agricultural activities and interventions and projects in each woreda. The main point made by the survey was that outcomes and their indicators must be stated clearly, specifically, measurably, relevantly and attainably so that data on them could be collected using a structured questionnaire.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
||Product planning is very important to a company because, when done properly, it can reduce resource expenditures, drive revenues, and generate profitability.
In the development of new products, Product planning is an important factors affecting the success or failure of products. This course will introduce the basic concepts of product planning, product development process, product strategy, product life cycle, market segmentation, and Product planning book.
This course takes real product planning cases as teaching materials, import situational teaching, and integrates students into the realities of product planning cases. We will discuss how to formulate the right decision-making and planning methods in class to achieve a dialogue between theory and practice.


RegexOptions Enumeration
RegexOptions Enumeration
Provides enumerated values to use to set regular expression options.
This enumeration has a FlagsAttribute attribute that allows a bitwise combination of its member values.
Namespace: System.Text.RegularExpressions
Assembly: System (in system.dll)
[FlagsAttribute]
public enum RegexOptions
/** @attribute FlagsAttribute() */
public enum RegexOptions
FlagsAttribute
public enum RegexOptions
 Member nameDescription
Supported by the .NET Compact FrameworkCompiledSpecifies that the regular expression is compiled to an assembly. This yields faster execution but increases startup time. This value should not be assigned to the Options property when calling the CompileToAssembly method.
Supported by the .NET Compact FrameworkCultureInvariantSpecifies that cultural differences in language is ignored. See Performing Culture-Insensitive Operations in the RegularExpressions Namespace for more information.
Supported by the .NET Compact FrameworkECMAScriptEnables ECMAScript-compliant behavior for the expression. This value can be used only in conjunction with the IgnoreCase, Multiline, and Compiled values. The use of this value with any other values results in an exception.
Supported by the .NET Compact FrameworkExplicitCaptureSpecifies that the only valid captures are explicitly named or numbered groups of the form (?<name>…). This allows unnamed parentheses to act as noncapturing groups without the syntactic clumsiness of the expression (?:…).
Supported by the .NET Compact FrameworkIgnoreCaseSpecifies case-insensitive matching.
Supported by the .NET Compact FrameworkIgnorePatternWhitespaceEliminates unescaped white space from the pattern and enables comments marked with #. However, the IgnorePatternWhitespace value does not affect or eliminate white space in character classes.
Supported by the .NET Compact FrameworkMultilineMultiline mode. Changes the meaning of ^ and $ so they match at the beginning and end, respectively, of any line, and not just the beginning and end of the entire string.
Supported by the .NET Compact FrameworkNoneSpecifies that no options are set.
Supported by the .NET Compact FrameworkRightToLeftSpecifies that the search will be from right to left instead of from left to right.
Supported by the .NET Compact FrameworkSinglelineSpecifies single-line mode. Changes the meaning of the dot (.) so it matches every character (instead of every character except \n).
A RegexOptions value can be provided as a parameter to the following members of the Regex class:
A RegexOptions value can also be supplied as a parameter to the RegexCompilationInfo constructor, or it can be assigned directly to the Options property. The resulting RegexCompilationInfo object is then used in the call to the CompileToAssembly method.
Several options provided by members of the RegexOptions enumeration (in particular, by its RegexOptions.ExplicitCapture, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase, RegexOptions.Multiline, and RegexOptions.Singleline members) can instead be provided by using an inline option character in the regular expression pattern. For details, see Regular Expression Options.
The following example defines two regular expressions that identify repeated words in text but that are instantiated using different RegexOptions values. The first regular expression is case-insensitive; case is ignored when determining whether a word is identical to the preceding word. The second regular expression is case-sensitive; a word must match the case of the preceding word exactly to be considered a duplicate.
Windows 98, Windows Server 2000 SP4, Windows CE, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows Mobile for Pocket PC, Windows Mobile for Smartphone, Windows Server 2003, Windows XP Media Center Edition, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, Windows XP SP2, Windows XP Starter Edition
The Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0 is supported on Windows Vista, Microsoft Windows XP SP2, and Windows Server 2003 SP1.
.NET Framework
Supported in: 3.0, 2.0, 1.1, 1.0
.NET Compact Framework
Supported in: 2.0, 1.0
XNA Framework
Supported in: 1.0
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I use XeLaTeX, TikZ and standalone to create a figure, e.g. a flowchart. When I use includegraphics{} to include that figure into another document which uses the same font, then that font will be embedded into the pdf once for the main document and then again for each figure.
To reproduce the problem, here is the code for a simple flowchart and another document that includes the flow chart pdf using \includegraphics.
The font XITS will be included twice.
%!TEX program = XeLaTeX
\tikzstyle{block} = [draw, rectangle, fill=blue!20, text width=9.5em, node distance=14em, text centered, minimum height=4em]
\tikzstyle{line} = [draw, -latex']
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance = 2cm, auto]
 \node [block] (Create) {create flowchart with TikZ and standalone};
 \node [block, right of=Create] (Include) {include flowchart into main document};
 \node [block, right of=Include] (CheckFont) {check which fonts have been embedded};
 \path [line] (Create) -- (Include);
 \path [line] (Include) -- (CheckFont);
and the main document
%!TEX program = XeLaTeX
Text before the figure.
 \caption{Some figure}
Some more text.
In the document properties Adobe Reader shows XITS twice:
XITS embedded twice
If I include the Tikz flowchart directly into the main document, the font is emnbedded only once, but I don't want to compile it every time and sometimes I use other tools (e.g. Inkscape) to create figures (but they all use the same font).
In order to have a smaller pdf file (and because I think this behavior is strange) I would like to have each font included only once. I am aware of the tool pdfsizeopt, as described in the question How to create small PDF files for the Internet, but while it does decrease the file size, it does not help with the issue of fonts being included multiple times.
share|improve this question
This is not specific to XeLaTeX, TikZ, or standalone; I've seen the same thing in LuaLaTeX when using the article class and a tabular environment to produce a letterhead, which I then include in letters with the wallpaper package. IIRC the same thing happened in pdfLaTeX too. In the case of letterhead it's not surprising, since that's where one tends to use titling caps and ligatures which don't appear in the body of a letter, so the subsets aren't the same. – Thérèse Jul 4 '13 at 22:32
2 Answers 2
I found no LaTeX-internal way to optimize that.You can use pdfsizeopt as an external tool to optimize the embedded fonts. It works great as long as the font names of the instances of the font are the same. It also uses subsetting, so that only the glyphs that you use are embedded and it converts fonts to a smaller format.
I suggest to disable the conversion of black-white-images to JBIG2 format for compatibility reasons and maybe the PNGOUT optimization for speed reasons. In every other aspect I always had full compatibility and good performance when optimizing PDF from PdfLaTeX and LuaTeX/ConTeXt.
share|improve this answer
Ver similar to…? Does LuaTeX have an equivalent to \pdfinclusioncopyfonts=1 (See) page 32 of the [pdftex manual][1] [1]: – WillAdams Jul 5 '13 at 19:31
_USER_ it has all the pdftex primitives I think. It has that one certainly (have not checked if it works in this case) – David Carlisle Jul 8 '13 at 16:32
_USER_ _USER_ Does XeLaTeX also support this command? Original question was about XeLaTeX and whenever I try using \pdfinclusioncopyfont I get the error message Undefined control sequence. – matth Jul 8 '13 at 20:21
_USER_ probably not. Luatex is based on the pdftex sources and is a pdf engine generating pdf so incorporates all the \pdf... primitives. xetex is based on classic dvi tex and pdf is generated by the dvipdfmx dvi driver, so an analogous question would be is there a \special that could control font loading in dvipdfmx (I don't know the answer). – David Carlisle Jul 8 '13 at 20:28
I'm not sure when, but pdfsizeopt has been dropped from Google Code "due to a complaint received under the U.S. Digital Millennium Copyright Act." :( is still available, and directions of use seem to now be separate/scattered on the Internet. – Werner Sep 20 '13 at 5:35
Unfortunately, XeTeX doesn't have a facility for parsing an imported graphic and remapping the fonts --- pdfTeX does afford this (and lualatex inherits it) and includes a command to enable doing so:
Try \pdfinclusioncopyfonts=0
From page 32 of the pdftex manual:
\pdfinclusioncopyfonts (integer)
share|improve this answer
Where should I put that command? No matter what I tried, I get an Undefined control sequence error. Would you mind creating a fully compilable MWE? – matth Jul 8 '13 at 20:16
use it w/ lualatex, not xelatex, per David Carlisle above. – WillAdams Jul 8 '13 at 22:07
Your Answer


text: English form of the biblical Hebrew name Yosef, meaning '(God) shall add (another son)'. This was borne by the favourite son of Jacob, whose brothers became jealous of him and sold him into slavery (Genesis 37). He was taken to Egypt, where he rose to become chief steward to Pharaoh, and was eventually reconciled to his brothers when they came to buy corn during a seven-year famine (Genesis 43–7). In the New Testament Joseph is the name of the husband of the Virgin Mary. It is also borne by a rich Jew, Joseph of Arimathea (Matthew 27:57; Mark 15:43; Luke 23:50; John 19:38), who took Jesus down from the Cross, wrapped him in a shroud, and buried him in a rock tomb. According to medieval legend, Joseph of Arimathea brought the Holy Grail to Britain. The name was uncommon in Britain in the Middle Ages but was revived in the mid 16th century and had become popular by the 1630s, remaining so ever since.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Ship or Sheep?
This fully revised edition of the classic pronunciation title is now in full colour with updated artwork. Faithful to the original style, the book retains its simplicity, with the emphasis on minimal pairs, and makes pronunciation practice light-hearted and accessible. Each unit offers comprehensive practice of sounds, with additional work on stress and intonation, and the accompanying audio CDs give lots of listening and pronunciation practice. The book is available in a pack (comprising book and 4 audio CDs) for self-study, or separately for classroom use. Unlike the original edition, there is no separate Teacher's Book. For Ship or Sheep? resources, see 'More to Explore' below.
Key Features of this Title
- EASY TO USE Full teaching rubrics allow the material to be used both for self-study and classroom use. Stand-alone units allow you to focus on sounds which you find difficult.
- SYSTEMATIC Each unit offers comprehensive practice of sounds, with additional work on stress and intonation.
- MORE AUDIO Four audio CDs give lots of listening and pronunciation practice.
- FULL COLOUR Attractive full colour artwork aids understanding and makes the material memorable.


energy and a field Hamiltonian, for example, can be replaced by:[93]
without affecting any physical predictions of the theory. The new Hamiltonian is said to be normally ordered (or Wick ordered) and is denoted by a double-dot symbol. The normally ordered Hamiltonian is denoted :HF, i.e.:
In other words, within the normal ordering symbol we can commute a and a. Since zero-point energy is intimately connected to the non-commutativity of a and a, the normal ordering procedure eliminates any contribution from the zero-point field. This is especially reasonable in the case of the field Hamiltonian, since the zero-point term merely adds a constant energy which can be eliminated by a simple redefinition for the zero of energy. Moreover, this constant energy in the Hamiltonian obviously commutes with a and a and so cannot have any effect on the quantum dynamics described by the Heisenberg equations of motion.
However, things are not quite that simple. The zero-point energy cannot be eliminated by dropping its energy from the Hamiltonian: When we do this and solve the Heisenberg equation for a field operator, we must include the vacuum field, which is the homogeneous part of the solution for the field operator. In fact we can show that the vacuum field is essential for the preservation of the commutators and the formal consistent of QED. When we calculate the field energy we obtain not only a contribution from particles and forces that may be present but also a contribution from the vacuum field itself i.e. the zero-point field energy. In other words, the zero-point energy reappears even though we may have deleted it from the Hamiltonian.[94]
The electromagnetic field in free space[edit]
From Maxwell's equations, the electromagnetic energy of a "free" field i.e. one with no sources, is described by:
We introduce the "mode function" A0(r) that satisfies the Helmholtz equation:
where k = ω/c and assume it is normalized such that:
We wish to "quantize" the electromagnetic energy of free space for a multimode field. The field intensity of free space should be independent of position such that | A0(r) |2 should be independent of r for each mode of the field. The mode function satisfying these conditions is:
where k · ek = 0 in order to have the transversality condition · A(r,t) satisfied for the Coulomb gauge in which we are working.
To achieve the desired normalization we pretend space is divided into cubes of volume V = L3 and impose on the field the periodic boundary condition:
or equivalently
where n can assume any integer value. This allows us to consider the field in any one of the imaginary cubes and to define the mode function:
which satisfies the Helmholtz equation, transversality, and the "box normalization":
where ek is chosen to be a unit vector which specifies the polarization of the field mode. The condition k · ek = 0 means that there are two independent choices of ek, which we call ek1 and ek2 where ek1 · ek2 = 0 and e2
= e2
= 1
. Thus we define the mode functions:
in terms of which the vector potential becomes:
where ωk = kc and akλ, a
are photon annihilation and creation operators for the mode with wave vector k and polarization λ. This gives the vector potential for a plane wave mode of the field. The condition for (kx, ky, kz) shows that there are infinitely many such modes. The linearity of Maxwell's equations allows us to write:
for the total vector potential in free space. Using the fact that:
we find the field Hamiltonian is:
This is the Hamiltonian for an infinite number of uncoupled harmonic oscillators. Thus different modes of the field are independent and satisfy the commutation relations:
Clearly the least eigenvalue for HF is:
This state describes the zero-point energy of the vacuum. It appears that this sum is divergent – in fact highly divergent, as putting in the density factor
shows. The summation becomes approximately the integral:
for high values of v. It diverges proportional to v4 for large v.
There are two separate questions to consider. First, is the divergence a real one such that the zero-point energy really is infinite? If we consider the volume V is contained by perfectly conducting walls, very high frequencies can only be contained by taking more and more perfect conduction. No actual method of containing the high frequencies is possible. Such modes will not be stationary in our box and thus not countable in the stationary energy content. So from this physical point of view the above sum should only extend to those frequencies which are countable; a cut-off energy is thus eminently reasonable. However, on the scale of a "universe" questions of general relativity must be included. Suppose even the boxes could be reproduced, fit together and closed nicely by curving spacetime. Then exact conditions for running waves may be possible. However the very high frequency quanta will still not be contained. As per John Wheeler's "geons"[95] these will leak out of the system. So again a cut-off is permissible, almost necessary. The question here becomes one of consistency since the very high energy quanta will act as a mass source and start curving the geometry.
This leads to the second question. Divergent or not, finite or infinite, is the zero-point energy of any physical significance? The ignoring of the whole zero-point energy is often encouraged for all practical calculations. The reason for this is that energies are not typically defined by an arbitrary data point, but rather changes in data points, so adding or subtracting a constant (even if infinite) should to be allowed. However this is not the whole story, in reality energy is not so arbitrarily defined: in general relativity the seat of the curvature of spacetime is the energy content and there the absolute amount of energy has real physical meaning. There is no such thing as an arbitrary additive constant with density of field energy. Energy density curves space, and an increase in energy density produces an increase of curvature. Furthermore, the zero-point energy density has other physical consequences e.g. the Casimir effect, contribution to the Lamb shift, or anomalous magnetic moment of the electron, it is clear it is not just a mathematical constant or artifact that can be cancelled out.[96]
Necessity of the vacuum field in QED[edit]
The vacuum state of the "free" electromagnetic field (that with no sources) is defined as the ground state in which nkλ = 0 for all modes (k, λ). The vacuum state, like all stationary states of the field, is an eigenstate of the Hamiltonian but not the electric and magnetic field operators. In the vacuum state, therefore, the electric and magnetic fields do not have definite values. We can imagine them to be fluctuating about their mean value of zero.
In a process in which a photon is annihilated (absorbed), we can think of the photon as making a transition into the vacuum state. Similarly, when a photon is created (emitted), it is occasionally useful to imagine that the photon has made a transition out of the vacuum state.[97] An atom, for instance, can be considered to be "dressed" by emission and reabsorption of "virtual photons" from the vacuum. The vacuum state energy described by kλ ħωk/2 is infinite. We can make the replacement:
the zero-point energy density is:
or in other words the spectral energy density of the vacuum field:
The zero-point energy density in the frequency range from ω1 to ω2 is therefore:
This can be large even in relatively narrow "low frequency" regions of the spectrum. In the optical region from 400 to 700 nm, for instance, the above equation yields around 220 erg/cm3.
We showed in the above section that the zero-point energy can be eliminated from the Hamiltonian by the normal ordering prescription. However, this elimination does not mean that the vacuum field has been rendered unimportant or without physical consequences. To illustrate this point we consider a linear dipole oscillator in the vacuum. The Hamiltonian for the oscillator plus the field with which it interacts is:
This has the same form as the corresponding classical Hamiltonian and the Heisenberg equations of motion for the oscillator and the field are formally the same as their classical counterparts. For instance the Heisenberg equations for the coordinate x and the canonical momentum p = m = eA/c of the oscillator are:
since the rate of change of the vector potential in the frame of the moving charge is given by the convective derivative
For nonrelativistic motion we may neglect the magnetic force and replace the expression for m by:
Above we have made the electric dipole approximation in which the spatial dependence of the field is neglected. The Heisenberg equation for akλ is found similarly from the Hamiltonian to be:
In the electric dipole approximation.
In deriving these equations for x, p, and akλ we have used the fact that equal-time particle and field operators commute. This follows from the assumption that particle and field operators commute at some time (say, t = 0) when the matter-field interpretation is presumed to begin, together with the fact that a Heisenberg-picture operator A(t) evolves in time as A(t) = U(t)A(0)U(t), where U(t) is the time evolution operator satisfying
Alternatively, we can argue that these operators must commute if we are to obtain the correct equations of motion from the Hamiltonian, just as the corresponding Poisson brackets in classical theory must vanish in order to generate the correct Hamilton equations. The formal solution of the field


text:
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In Situ Synchrotron X-ray Fluorescence Mapping and Speciation of CeO2 and ZnO Nanoparticles in Soil Cultivated Soybean (Glycine max)
Link to Journal Abstract
With the increased use of engineered nanomaterials such as ZnO and CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs), these materials will inevitably be released into the environment, with unknown consequences. In addition, the potential storage of these NPs or their biotransformed products in edible/reproductive organs of crop plants can cause them to enter into the food chain and the next plant generation. Few reports thus far have addressed the entire life cycle of plants grown in NP-contaminated soil. Soybean (Glycine max) seeds were germinated and grown to full maturity in organic farm soil amended with either ZnO NPs at 500 mg/kg or CeO2 NPs at 1000 mg/kg. At harvest, synchrotron ì-XRF and ì-XANES analyses were performed on soybean tissues, including pods, to determine the forms of Ce and Zn in NP-treated plants. The X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies showed no presence of ZnO NPs within tissues. However, ì-XANES data showed O-bound Zn, in a form resembling Zn-citrate, which could be an important Zn complex in the soybean grains. On the other hand, the synchrotron ì-XANES results showed that Ce remained mostly as CeO2 NPs within the plant. The data also showed that a small percentage of Ce(IV), the oxidation state of Ce in CeO2 NPs, was biotransformed to Ce(III). To our knowledge, this is the first report on the presence of CeO2 and Zn compounds in the reproductive/edible portion of the soybean plant grown in farm soil with CeO2 and ZnO NPs.
For this study, soybean (Glycine max) seeds were germinated and grown to full maturity in organic farm soil amended with either ZnO NPs at 500 mg/kg or CeO2 NPs at 1000 mg/kg. At harvest, synchrotron ì-XRF and ì-XANES analyses were performed on soybean tissues, including pods, to determine the forms of Ce and Zn in NP-treated plants.
Peer Reviewed Journal Article
Exposure Or Hazard Target
Method Of Study
Environmental Fate and Transport
Risk Exposure Group
ACS Nano, 2013, 7(2): _PHONE_
Hernandez-Viezcas JA, Castillo-Michel H, Andrews JC, Cotte M, Rico C, Peralta-Videa JR, Ge Y, Priester JH, Holden PA, Gardea-Torresdey JL
Last updated on May 3, 2013
This work is supported in part by the Nanoscale Science and Engineering Initiative of the National Science Foundation
under NSF Award Number EEC-_PHONE_.
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Compiled XAML = BAML not IL
May 25, 2007
Yesterday I lectured about XAML and the following question was asked: Why XAML is compiled into BAML and not directly into IL for better performance?
Before giving the correct answer, I want to explain what BAML is.
There are actually two ways for handling a XAML file: Loose or Compiled.
 - Loose XAML file should be parsed at runtime, and can be deployed as a simple XML file, locally, remotely or embedded into the assembly.
 - Compiled is a XAML file marked as "Page" in Visual Studio ( in MSBuild), deployed as a BAML (Binary Application Markup Language) file and embedded as an assembly resource.
A loose XAML file can't include the x:Class XAML keyword, also it can't embed a source code, nor it can emit code by all means. It is possible to load a loose XAML file by calling XamlReader.Load() method, casting the return value into the root element. The loose XAML version provides a dynamic way to load and change the view, but provides poor performance due to the fact that the XML file is parsed at runtime.
A compiled XAML file (BAML) can emit code, by using x:Class, or by registering events for example. It is possible to load an element from inside the BAML by calling the Application.LoadComponent(), casting the return value into the root element. The compiled XAML version provides better performance since it is pre-tokenized binary version of the XAML file, hence it is smaller and can be loaded faster, but it is not dynamic.
Once upon a time, there was CAML. CAML was the exact IL version of the compiled XAML file. Unfortunately, the WPF team has decided to eliminate it, and keep the BAML version for the following reasons:
1. BAML is compact hence it can be downloaded faster (good for XBAP applications)
2. BAML is less security threat than code execution (good for XBAP applications)
3. BAML can be localized after compilation
In the bottom line, BAML is a little slower than IL but has more advantages than CAML.
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 1. JigneshMay 5, 2010 ב 18:01
 Good one…..Really helpful…..
 2. Claude GlauserFebruary 24, 2011 ב 22:10
 Thanks a lot for good your explanation! It is much clearer now. One question left: Why is BAML less security thread?
 3. Tomer ShamamFebruary 24, 2011 ב 22:54
 Hi Claude,
 It is said that BAML is safer than IL, since it can't contain malicious code, it is only a binary stream of WPF objects, where IL can be anything.
 BAML is considered safer when dealing with XBAP applications.
 4. LakshmiMarch 2, 2011 ב 18:33
 Your explanation saved me alot instead of wasting one more day to load loose xaml.
 5. DavidFebruary 8, 2012 ב 18:01
 Great explanation
 6. AlexanderAugust 21, 2013 ב 21:03
 Good explanation, thx.


text:
Video:Teaching Kids to Put on Coatswith Kathy Moore
Is your toddler ready to put on his or her own coat alone? This simple method makes putting a coat on feel like a game, and it's also easy to replicate.See Transcript
Transcript:Teaching Kids to Put on CoatsHi I'm Kathy Moore for About.com Parenting. Whether it's dressing to ward off winters chill, or wearing a light jacket in spring or fall, even toddlers can learn how to put on their own jacket. This program will demonstrate a simple method to teach your child to put on his own coat.
When Are Kids Ready to Put on Coats?As soon as kids can walk and stand steadily on their own, they can be taught to put on their own outer coat using this simple method.
Easy Steps to Put on CoatsPlace the coat on the floor. Lay it flat with the inside facing up. Instruct your child to stand facing the top or collar of the coat. Then have them bend over and place their arms in the sleeves like this. Once the child has his arms in the sleeves have him lift the whole coat up and over his head. Then when he brings his arms down he will have completed the task of putting on his own coat.
Watch the simple steps again:
- Place the coat on the floor
- Lay it flat with the inside facing up
- Stand facing the top or collar of the coat
- Bend over and place the arms in the sleeves
- Then lift the whole coat up and overhead
- When the arms come down you are all set
Thanks for watching. To learn more visit us on the Web at parenting.about.com.
About videos are made available on an "as is" basis, subject to the User Agreement.


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SQL Query to Exclude Multiple Values
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To exclude multiple values to be fetched from a table we can use multiple OR statements but when we want to exclude a lot of values it becomes lengthy to write multiple AND statements, To avoid this we can use the NOT IN clause with the array of values that need to be excluded with the WHERE statement.
In this article let us see the SQL query to exclude multiple values using both AND and NOT IN clauses.
Creating a Database
Use the below command to create a database named GeeksforGeeks:
CREATE DATABASE GeeksforGeeks
Using the Database
To use the GeeksforGeeks database use the below command:
USE GeeksforGeeks
Creating a Table
Create a table student_details with 4 columns using the following SQL query:
CREATE TABLE student_details(
stu_id VARCHAR(8),
branch VARCHAR(20),
course_code VARCHAR(10),
backlogs VARCHAR(10)
);
Verifying the Table:
To view the description of the tables in the database using the following SQL query:
EXEC sp_columns student_details;
Inserting Data into the Table:
Inserting rows into student_details tables using the following SQL query:
INSERT INTO student_details VALUES
 ('191401','E.C.E','ECPC-251', 'NO'),
 ('191302','I.C.E','ICPC-221','YES'),
 ('191305','I.C.E','ICPC-225','YES'),
 ('191410','E.C.E','ECPC-251', 'YES'),
 ('191210','M.E','MEPC-103', 'YES'),
 ('191215','M.E','MEPC-101', 'NO'),
 ('191505','C.E','CEPC-501', 'NO'),
 ('191525','C.E','CEPC-502', 'NO');
Verifying the Inserted Data
Viewing the table student_details after inserting rows by using the following SQL query:
SELECT* FROM employee_details;
Example Queries With the Syntax:
1. Query to find the students other than 'ECE', 'ICE', 'ME'
Using NOT IN:
Syntax:
SELECT * FROM table_name
WHERE req_column NOT IN(data1,data2,data3,....)
Query:
SELECT* FROM student_details
WHERE branch NOT IN ('E.C.E','I.C.E','M.E');
Using AND:
Syntax:
SELECT * FROM table_name
WHERE condition1 AND condition2 AND condition3;
Query:
SELECT* FROM student_details
WHERE branch<>'E.C.E' AND branch <> 'I.C.E' AND branch<>'M.E';
2. Query to update the backlogs to NO other than students of C.E and M.E.
UPDATE student_details
SET backlogs='NO' WHERE branch NOT IN ('C.E','M.E');
SELECT* FROM student_details;
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1press against (something) lightly several times with a piece of absorbent material in order to clean or dry it or to apply a substance:he dabbed his mouth with his napkin [no object]:she dabbed at her eyes with a handkerchief
apply (a substance) with light quick strokes:she dabbed disinfectant on the cut
2 dialect strike with a light blow.
1a small amount of something:she licked a dab of chocolate from her finger
a brief application of a piece of absorbent material to a surface:apply concealer with light dabs
2 (dabs) British informal fingerprints:the catalogue is being dusted for your dabs
Middle English: symbolic of a light striking movement; compare with dabble and dib


text:
This page explains how to interpret the graphs that are generated by doxygen.
Consider the following example:
This will result in the following graph:
The boxes in the above graph have the following meaning:
- A filled gray box represents the struct or class for which the graph is generated.
- A box with a black border denotes a documented struct or class.
- A box with a grey border denotes an undocumented struct or class.
- A box with a red border denotes a documented struct or class forwhich not all inheritance/containment relations are shown. A graph is truncated if it does not fit within the specified boundaries.
The arrows have the following meaning:
- A dark blue arrow is used to visualize a public inheritance relation between two classes.
- A dark green arrow is used for protected inheritance.
- A dark red arrow is used for private inheritance.
- A purple dashed arrow is used if a class is contained or used by another class. The arrow is labeled with the variable(s) through which the pointed class or struct is accessible.
- A yellow dashed arrow denotes a relation between a template instance and the template class it was instantiated from. The arrow is labeled with the template parameters of the instance.


text:
As Volkswagen has famously been caught out over fuel emissions, it has left a massive gap in the market for new technology to come and save the day and reduce CO2 emissions. Oil and lubricant giants 'Castrol' have developed a modular cell technology which reduces oil change times from 20 minutes to just 90 seconds as well as significantly reducing carbon emissions.
The company has revolutionised the way we change our oil by developing a new technology it has called Nexcel. Rather than pouring the oil directly into the engine, the oil is contained in a carbon fibre cell which is inserted into a port connected to the motor. Changing the oil has been made rather easy as drivers can now simply 'switch out the oil cell for another- just like changing a printer cartridge'.
Aside from the time and money you will save from not having to taking your car to a mechanic, this technology delivers a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions on modern engines. After use, the oil cells can be collected and the oil will be re-refined back into lubricants. If Nexcel were fitted into every car in the world today, it would 'save more than 200,000 road tankers' of oil being produced each year.
The new product has been extensively tested and has proven a consistent high performance throughout. From extreme hot and cold temperatures to extremely high speeds, it seems this modular cell technology cannot be faulted! Even Aston Martin are giving Nexcel a chance in their 800hp 7.0 litre V12 $2.5million Aston Martin Vulcan track car, replacing the traditional tank.
Castrol have said that they're already talking to the car manufacturers, and that their product could start showing up in mass production cars within the next 5 years. If this product really does lives up to all of its promises, the automotive industry will be revolutionised!
Leasing Options Social Media
Get daily updates on all the latest motoring news, gossip, pics, videos and more.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


You couldn't make it up – Japanese grid can't solve nuke power loss due to 50/60 Hz split
Despite the West of Japan having a power surplus it can't help the East, which is short if power thanks to the post-tsunami nuclear power problems.
Incredibly Japan is split by a 50 Hz/60 Hz incompatibility. The West based its power generation on 60 Hz American standards while the East uses 'European' 50 Hz. There are few interconnects and they can handle little power.
Neither choice explain Japan's unique decision to standardize on 100 volt power rather than US 110 or EU 240 volts.


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Challenges of Export/Import using the MedBiquitous Virtual Patient ANSI/MEDBIQ VP.10.1-2010 standard - FAQ
What is the MedBiquitous Virtual Patient ANSI/MEDBIQ VP.10.1-2010 standard?
The MedBiquitous Virtual Patient ANSI/MEDBIQ VP.10.1-2010 standard was developed by MedBiquitous, a consortium that develops health professions technology standards. The Virtual Patient (VP) standard defines an XML schema for describing VP resources which allows VP resources to be exported and imported into standard-compliant systems. The standard builds upon the existing Healthcare Learning Object Metadata and SCORM 2004 4th Edition standards.
Effective VPs are widely recognised to be difficult to create, so the goal of the standard is to enable the exchange of these resources between individuals and systems, allowing wider access to examples of these resources, and to allow educators to share and repurpose resources for their learners. The standard (sometimes known as Medbiq VP or even MVP) was used by the EC-funded eViP program to facilitate the development of a shared bank of 340 VPs, and that project contributed to the development of the standard.
##Why do the Virtual Scenarios in the WAVES project use a standard called Virtual Patients? Simpley because, in most cases, there is no difference between the two! A Virtual Patient (VP) is simply a Virtual Scenario (VS) that has a setting in a healthcare context. Most VS can be represented using the VP standard.
The primary reason why the standard is designed for VPs is that those who developed it were working in medicine and healthcare education, so they chose to use the word "patient". However, it soon became apparent that this technology can be used for more than just healthcare. There are some healthcare-specific elements in the VP standard, but they can simply be omitted when a scenario does not need to use them.
What VS systems support the standard?
There is no definitive list of the systems that support the standard. However, the systems used in the WAVES project, Casus and OpenLabyrinth/OLab, do support the standard.
What can the standard do?
The standard allows standards-compliant VS systems to export the cases as content packages in the form of a zip file that is structured so as to adhere to the standardised specification. This means that another standards-compliant VS system can read and import the file and will know where it can retrieve the relevant information from the content package.
As a result, the standard means that you can take a case from one system, and move it to another system. These systems can be different installations of the same system (i.e. if you are moving a VS from one installation of OpenLabyrinth to another) or different systems (i.e. moving a VS for OpenLabyrinth to Casus). You could even use the standard to export and import a VS back into the original system, thus creating a duplicate case that you can edit.
What can't the standard do?
The standard is not a VS "player", and VS files stored using the standard cannot simply be double-clicked, opened on any machine and used to play a scenario. Instead, you need an installation of a standards-compliant VS system, such as OpenLabyrinth or Casus, into which you can import your VS.
By necessity, the standard offers a generic description of a VS resource; that is, it's designed to be a general solution that can apply to all the many different types of VS. However, all the different VS systems offer differing functionality, with a complex range of advanced features. Unfortunately, this means that not all aspects of a VS in a particular system can necessarily be stored within the standard.
As an analogy, it is best to consider the VS standard to be a "lossy" data format, much like a jpeg image. When storing an image as a jpeg, you sacrifice some of the fine detail from the raw image file in order that the file be smaller in size, quicker to load, and more universally readable. The same sacrifice is made when the VS standard is used; some of the system-specific features of a VS case, which will not be usable in another system, will be lost as a result of using the standard as a trade-off to allow the basic fundamentals of the VS to be imported into another system.
If you wish to export a VS and all its advanced features so that you can import it into another instance of the same system, then many systems will offer their own, non-standardised data formats that you can use to achieve this. These formats are unlikely to be able to be recognised by other, different VS systems.
What aspects of a VS does the standard include?
The structure of the standard, and how it describes a VS in technical detail is beyond the scope of this document. The files and schema which make up the standard can be found in full on the MedBiq VP GitHub page. The exact elements of a VS supported will vary from system to system, so you should consult the documentation for your system.
However, in general the standard can include the text-based content and media files, any decision-making or branched options, and any metadata. It may include any MCQs or questions, and mechanisms for scoring or updating values such as blood pressure or heart rate throughout the VS. If your case is created using a visual editor, the standard may also include some details of the layout of your case map.
Where can I find examples of the standard?
You can find examples of VS cases to play on the web on the WAVES website, many of which will also included downloadable content packages that use the standard. Similarly, there are a lot of VS cases freely available to download from the eVip programme website. All these VS are made available under Creative Commons licences that allow them to be freely used and shared subject to the specific conditions of that licence.
How can I use the standard to play a Virtual Scenario?
You will need to have access to a VS system, such as OpenLabyrinth or Casus. In most systems, when you are logged into them with "Author" permissions you will find an option in the system interface to import a scenario using the "Medbiq VP" standard. Select the content that you wish to import, and follow the instructions provided by the system. An imported case can then be played in the same way as any other case.
Please note that you cannot play a case directly from the standardised file.
##What can I expect when I import a VS? When you import a VS case into a system, you should not expect it to be fully playable and completely organised in the new system immediately. Some of the system-specific features of a VS case may have been lost as a result of using the standard, and different systems may interpret the standard slightly differently. This is true of all technology standards; imagine the situation when you open a web page in different browsers and they each work slightly differently. Alhough the web page is standardised (using the HTML standard) each of Chrome, Firefox, Safari and Internet Explorer are required to interpret the information, and will likely do so differently. The standard does however ensure that the fundamentals of the information provided remain intact and readable.
When you first import a VS you should try to play it, first to see if it works at all, and then to identify if there are any modifications that need to be made in order for it to make sense in its new setting. These modifications can be made using the authoring tools of the system to which the case was imported, and may include relinking some media files, resetting the starting point of a case, or changing aspects of the scenario to account for any features that are no longer present in the new system.
The number of changes needed post-import will depend upon the similarity of the importing and exporting system. If the two systems are the same, then you can expect to have relatively few changes required. However, if the two systems are very different in nature, there may be more work involved in adapting the scenario in the new system so that it is logical and coherent to the learner.


text:
Provided by City of Manassas
Learn how Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) and Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) are transforming the aviation industry during a free Manassas Regional Airport seminar on July 7, 2022 at 7:00 p.m. in the Airport's main terminal building. Registration is required at _URL_
Speakers will discuss how both airports and communities should prepare for this new technology and its potential benefits, and how this technology will integrate into current and future air travel. They include:
- John Campbell, Director of the Virginia Department of Aviation Communications and Education Division, who promotes Virginia's air transportation system, aviation awareness, the economic benefits of airports, and aircraft licensing and public information programs.
- Dr. Amber L. Wilson, Manager of Aviation Technology at the Virginia Department of Aviation, who helps guide the Commonwealth's growth and oversight of unmanned aerial systems (drones); ensures the safe integration of manned and unmanned aircraft in the national airspace; monitors emerging aviation technologies; and supports the agency's legislative liaison efforts.
- Dr. Michael Patterson, Lead for the Emerging Applications and Technologies Group at the Aeronautics Systems Analysis Branch at NASA Langley Research Center, who has been a leader in NASA's advanced air mobility (AAM) work.
- Dr. John Langford, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Electra.aero, an aerospace entrepreneur who founded Aurora Flight Sciences in 1989, Athena Technologies in 1998, and Electra.aero in 2020. Aurora pioneered advanced robotic aircraft, Athena developed advanced flight control solutions, and Electra is developing sustainable aviation solutions for regional mobility.
Airport Director Juan Rivera says the seminar was planned in response to the rapid expansion of new unmanned technologies, some of which are being developed by companies in the Manassas Regional Airport's commercial corridor.
"We are entering an era of autonomous flight and Manassas Regional Airport wants to be a leader in this initiative. The rapid development of this technology paired with our location gives us an exciting future moving forward," said Juan Rivera.
Manassas Regional Airport (HEF) is the largest general aviation airport in the Commonwealth of Virginia.
Visit _URL_ to RSVP by June 30. The Airport's Main Terminal Building is located at 10600 Harry J. Parrish Boulevard in Manassas.


text:
Guarantee agreement. This term means an agreement of guarantee in the form set forth in part B or C of Form 1-FR, executed by a registered futures commission merchant or retail foreign exchange dealer, as appropriate, and by an introducing broker or applicant for registration as an introducing broker on behalf of an introducing broker or applicant for registration as an introducing broker in satisfaction of the alternative adjusted net capital requirement set forth in 1.17(1)(iii).
17 CFR § 1.3
Words used in the singular form in the rules and regulations in this chapter shall be deemed to import the plural and vice versa, as the context may require. The following terms, as used in the Commodity Exchange Act, or in the rules and regulations in this chapter, shall have the meanings hereby assigned to them, unless the context otherwise requires:


Category: History Tags: _TAG_ _TAG_ _TAG_
Which Celtic Symbol Are You?
The Celts used symbols designed in interwoven links as thought reminders, messages, and talismans. Which is yours?
parts: 29
Do you feel uprooted or untethered? Is love a central theme in your life? Do you long to travel?
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Which Celtic Symbol Are You?
The Celts were heavily into symbolism in artwork, jewelry, and body adornment. Intricate Celtic knots had special meanings and were worn for pride or a helpful purpose. Which one has meaning for you?
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Artibonite Department
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Coordinates: 19°27′0″N 72°41′0″W / 19.45°N 72.683333°W / 19.45; -72.683333
(Kréyòl): Latibonit
Country Haiti
Capital Gonaïves
 - elevation m (20 ft)
Area 4,895 km² (1,890 sq mi)
Population 1,299,398 (2003)
Density 265.5 /km² (688 /sq mi)
Subdivisions 5 Arrondissements
15 Communes
Timezone EST (UTC-5)
 - summer (DST) DST (UTC-4)
Area code +509
ISO 3166-2 HT-AR
Location of the Artibonite Department
Location of the Artibonite Department
Artibonite is one of the ten departments (French: départments, singular départment) of Haiti. It is named Artibonite because the Artibonite river flows across the department from east to west. Its capital is Gonaïves.
The independence of Haiti was proclaimed in the Place d'Armes of Gonaïves on 1 January 1804 by Jean Jacques Dessalines.
Geography[change | change source]
The Départment de l'Artibonite, with an area of 4,895 km²,[1] is the largest department of Haiti.
The main river of the department is the Artibonite. Other rivers are Ennery, de l'Estère, Montrouis, Quinte.
The mountain chains here run from west to east and the most important are the Chaine de Terre-Neuve and the Montagnes Noires (in English, "Black Mountains"). There is also part of the Chaine des Mattheux.
It is bordered to the northwest by the Nord-Ouest Department, to the north and northeast by the Nord Department, to the east by the Centre Department and to the south by the Ouest Department. The Gulf of Gonâve is to the west.
Population[change | change source]
The department had, in the 2003 census, a population of 1,299,398 persons: 625,690 men and 673,708 women, with 422,476 (32.51%) living in cities and towns.[2]
The main cities are Gonaïves (the capital) and Saint-Marc.
Administrative division[change | change source]
The department is divided into five arrondissements (like districts) and 15 communes (like municipalities). The "arrondissements" and their "communes" are:
 1. Dessalines
 1. Desdunes
 2. Dessalines
 3. Grande Saline
 4. Petite Rivière de l'Artibonite
 2. Gonaïves
 1. Ennery
 2. Estère
 3. Gonaïves
 3. Gros-Morne
 1. Anse Rouge
 2. Gros-Morne
 3. Terre-Neuve
 4. Marmelade
 1. Marmelade
 2. Saint Michel de l'Attalaye
 5. Saint-Marc
 1. La Chapelle
 2. Saint-Marc
 3. Verettes
Economy[change | change source]
Most of the rice of Haiti is grown in the Artibonite department, along the valley of the River Artibonite.
References[change | change source]
 2. "Le 4ième Recensement Géneral de la Population et de l'Habitat" (in French) (PDF). Institut Haïtien de Statistique et d'Informatique. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
Drapeau haïtien Departments of Haiti Drapeau haïtien


text:
Creating an adventure game like Cross of the Dutchman involves the creation of many different characters. In previous articles, we've demonstrated how the creation process takes place, however this article takes a more detailed view at the creation of Grutte Pier in Cross of the Dutchman!
Fist, sketches are made to give an impression of the type of character. These sketches are discussed between the art director and producer to make sure they match the story and direction of the game. This phase takes a couple of hours to complete, depending on whether we're working on a leading character or a villager NPC.
Once the design is approved, the character is drawn posed from different perspectives, as well as a colored version. This helps the 3D artist create the right proportions for each individual character. Creating these drawings takes about 2 hours to complete, and is done by the art director.
At this stage, the 3D Artist takes over, and starts building the 3D Mesh for the character. Each artists has his or her own techniques for creating a character, but it is really up to the complexity of the character that decides how long this process takes. It can be anywhere from a couple of hours to a full working day.
When the mesh has been completed, the process of unwrapping starts. This is a process where each part of a character is flattened onto a sheet. This may sound weird but it allows a 2D artist to start creating the textures for a character. One of the difficulties a 3D artists faces when unwrapping is that all assets need to fit within a square. Because texture sizes usually are increased by powers of 2, it means that textures can be created in steps of 256×256, 512×512 or 1024×1024 pixels (and lower or higher if required). We use high-res textures for characters, and lower resolution textures for less important objects such as scene props.
The 3D artist is done for a while, and it is now up to the 2D artist to create the textures using the square map (or UV Map). In Cross of the Dutchman, we add lighting detail to textures, because it allows us to generate a lot of detail that we would not be able to achieve when using conventional lighting methods. Also, at this stage it is possible to create normal maps or shaders that give depth or gloss to specific surfaces, yet within this project we do not rely on such techniques mainly because of the chosen artistic direction, but also because of the huge amount of additional work it generates.
So, we have our model and texture, but we don't see any movement just yet. This is where the assets are being handed over to the animator, who starts the process of "rigging" and animating the character. Rigging is a process where we give our 3D asset the means to move around. Really it means adding arms, legs, fingers and a backbone to allow the character to move. Animation itself is much like moving the bones in the character in a way similar to how a puppeteer would do it. There are different ways of animating 3D models, but for now we are sticking with "keyframe" animations.
That's it! Our character is done! I hope you liked this article, but do speak up if you want us to go more in-depth in any of these subjects!


text:
Active For Life has created a fabulous activity to do while on your walks. And winter walking is great—no humidity, bugs, or mud. While adults might be keen to let our minds wander during a long ramble, or even practice a walking meditation, kids might need more of a mission to keep them engaged—or to even agree to the activity.
Enter mission: Nature mandalas, a simple yet rewarding activity for kids ages three and up. Added bonus: This is an experience that immerses the participants in nature.
- A bag to collect found/fallen objects in nature
- Pruners to cut found/fallen objects (for adult use only)
- Nature—a park, beach, playground, forest, or conservation area
Step 1: Prepare
Before leaving for the walk, do a quick online search of nature mandalas to spark excitement in the activity and to provide a visual reference of the sorts of materials to look for.
Step 2: Start walking
Pick an age-appropriate distance. You may need to spend up to 30 minutes walking over a variety of terrains in nature a find a diverse array of materials.
Step 3: Be on the lookout
Look for fallen objects in a variety of colours, textures, and materials. Great mandala-building materials include:
- Small fallen evergreen boughs or branches
- Long pine needles
- Sumac berries
- Dried flowers, grasses or plants
- Berries, like mountain ash berries
- Rocks of all sizes
- Fallen bark
- Sticks of varying sizes
- Leaves that aren't decomposed
Step 4: Say yes to most items
Use the pruners to cut down larger fallen branches into manageable pieces. Remember not to cut anything from a living plant or tree, but you can take a few dead flower heads (leave the rest as cover for wildlife). Make sure the adults handle the berries to prevent inquisitive youngsters from sampling them.
Step 5: Assess the haul
Once you have been walking for a while and have a good collection, inspect your findings. Ask yourself:
- Is there a good variety of colours? What do you see?
- Do we have different textures represented? What do you feel?
- Are there a variety of plants, trees, and minerals? What does each smell like?
Step 6: Find an open space to create the mandala
Now, you need a canvas. A swath of unmarked snow is ideal, but you can also use a patch of grass, a frozen ice surface, sand, a clear part of beach, a patio, deck, driveway, or the sidewalk.
Step 7: Start creating
Most mandalas are circles and often incorporate spirals or other patterns, but let your imagination run wild. You could create a shape like a peace sign or even try to design a bird, fish, or tree. Use a variety of materials and try to contrast colours to make details pop. Use rocks to weigh down some of the lighter materials in case of a wind gust.
Step 8: Stand back and admire the creation
Be sure to take some photos. You could even leave a note weighed down by a rock explaining that the artscape was created using only fallen objects along a nature walk and challenge the finder to do the same. This would create a great ripple effect of activity and artistry.
Winter walks are great, but sometimes it's nice to have a specific goal in mind. This activity also appeals to the artistic kids who just love to create. Remember to teach respect for nature and safety with found objects.
Next steps: Make a series of mandalas or artistic creations, take a photo each time, and create a collage or an album! Challenge the family to complete a series of walks and mandalas every month throughout the changing seasons. Keep moving, and keep creating!


Designing language bindings with xtensor
xtensor and its Related projects make it easy to implement a feature once in C++ and expose it to the main languages of data science, such as Python, Julia and R with little extra work. Although, if that sounds simple in principle, difficulties may appear when it comes to define the API of the C++ library. The following illustrates the different options we have with the case of a single function compute that must be callable from all the languages.
Generic API
Since the xtensor bindings provide different container types for holding tensors (pytensor, rtensor and jltensor), if we want our function to be callable from all the languages, it must accept a generic argument:
template <class E>
void compute(E&& e);
However, this is a bit too generic and we may want to enforce that this function only accepts xtensor arguments. Since all xtensor containers inherit from the "xexpression" CRTP base class, we can easily express that constraint with the following signature:
template <class E>
void compute(const xexpression<E>& e)
{
 // Now the implementation must use e() instead of e
}
Notice that with this change, we lose the ability to call the function with non-constant references or rvalue references. If we want them back, we need to add the following overloads:
template <class E>
void compute(xexpression<E>& e);
template <class E>
void compute(xexpression<E>&& e);
In the following we assume that the constant reference overload is enough. We can now expose the compute function to the other languages, let's illustrate this with Python bindings:
PYBIND11_MODULE(pymod, m)
{
 xt::import_numpy();
 m.def("compute", &compute<pytensor<double, 2>>);
}
Full qualified API
Accepting any kind of expression can still be too permissive; assume we want to restrict this function to 2-dimensional tensor containers only. In that case, a solution is to provide an API function that forwards the call to a common generic implementation:
namespace detail
{
 template <class E>
 void compute_impl(E&&);
}
template <class T>
void compute(const xtensor<T, 2>& t)
{
 detail::compute_impl(t);
}
Exposing it to the Python is just as simple:
template <class T>
void compute(const pytensor<T, 2>& t)
{
 detail::compute_impl(t);
}
PYBIND11_MODULE(pymod, m)
{
 xt::import_numpy();
 m.def("compute", &compute<double>);
}
Although this solution is really simple, it requires writing four additional functions for the API. Besides, if later, you decide to support array containers, you need to add four more functions. Therefore this solution should be considered for libraries with a small number of functions to expose, and whose APIs are unlikely to change in the future.
Container selection
A way to keep the restriction on the parameter type while limiting the required amount of typing in the bindings is to rely on additional structures that will "select" the right type for us.
The idea is to define a structure for selecting the type of containers (tensor, array) and a structure to select the library implementation of that container (xtensor, pytensor in the case of a tensor container):
// library container selector
struct xtensor_c
{
};
// container selector, must be specialized for each
// library container selector
template <class C, class T, std::size_t N>
struct tensor_container;
// Specialization for xtensor library (or C++)
template <class T, std::size_t N>
struct tensor_container<xtensor_c, T, N>
{
 using type = xt::xtensor<T, N>;
};
template <class C, class T, std::size_t N>
using tensor_container_t = typename tensor_container<C, T, N>::type;
The function signature then becomes
template <class T, class C = xtensor_c>
void compute(const tensor_container_t<C, T, 2>& t);
The Python bindings only require that we specialize the tensor_container structure
struct pytensor_c
{
};
template <class T, std::size_t N>
struct tensor_container<pytensor_c, T, N>
{
 using type = pytensor<T, N>;
};
PYBIND11_MODULE(pymod, m)
{
 xt::import_numpy();
 m.def("compute", &compute<double, pytensor_c>);
}
Even if we need to specialize the "tensor_container" structure for each language, the specialization can be reused for other functions and thus reduce the amount of typing required. This comes at a cost though: we've lost type inference on the C++ side.
xt::xtensor<double, 2> t {{1., 2., 3.}, {4., 5., 6.}};
compute<double>(t); // works
compute(t); // error (couldn't infer template argument 'T')
Besides, if later we want to support arrays, we need to add an "array_container" structure and its specializations, and an overload of the compute function:
template <class C, class T>
struct array_container;
template <class C, class T>
struct array_container<xtensor_c, T>
{
 using type = xt::xarray<T>;
};
template <class C, class T>
using array_container_t = typename array_container<C, T>::type;
template <class T, class C = xtensor_c>
void compute(const array_container_t<C, T>& t);
Type restriction with SFINAE
The major drawback of the previous option is the loss of type inference in C++. The only means to get it back is to reintroduce a generic parameter type. However, we can make the compiler generate an invalid type so the function is removed from the overload resolution set when the actual type of the argument does not satisfy some constraint. This principle is known as SFINAE (Substitution Failure Is Not An Error). Modern C++ provide metafunctions to help us make use of SFINAE:
template <class C>
struct is_tensor : std::false_type
{
};
template <class T, std::size_t N, layout_type L, class Tag>
struct is_tensor<xtensor<T, N, L, Tag>> : std::true_type
{
};
template <class T, template <class> class C = is_tensor,
 std::enable_if_t<C<T>::value, bool> = true>
void compute(const T& t);
Here when C<T>::value is true, the enable_if_t invocation generates the bool type. Otherwise, it does not generate anything, leading to an invalid function declaration. The compiler removes this declaration from the overload resolution set and no error happens if another "compute" overload is a good match for the call. Otherwise, the compiler emits an error.
The default value is here to avoid the need to pass a boolean value when invoking the compute function; this value is of no use, we only rely on the SFINAE trick.
This declaration has a slight problem: adding enable_if_t to the signature of each function we want to expose is cumbersome. Let's make this part more expressive:
template <template<class> class C, class T>
using check_constraints = std::enable_if_t<C<T>::value, bool>;
template <class T, template <class> class C = is_tensor,
 check_constraints<C, T> = true>
void compute(const T& t);
All good, we have type inference and an expressive syntax for declaring our function. Besides, if we want to relax the constraint so the function can accept both tensors and arrays, all we have to do is to replace the default value for C:
// Equivalent to is_tensor<T>::value || is_array<T>::value
template <class T>
sturct is_container : xtl::disjunction<is_tensor<T>, is_array<T>>
{
};
template <class T, template <class> class C = is_container,
 check_constraints<C, T> = true>
void compute(const T& t);
This is far more flexible than the previous option. This flexibility comes at a minor cost: exposing the


text:
Application to Request Registration as a Beneficiary
What does it mean to be a MySchool MyVillage MyPlanet beneficiary?
The MySchool MyVillage MyPlanet programme is a unique fundraising tool which is already being used by over 8 000 schools, charities and welfare groups (our "beneficiaries"). We provide these registered beneficiaries with the opportunity to use the MySchool programme in order to raise supplementary annuity income for their organisations. This tool includes our management of the programme infrastructure, logistics, payment processing and allocation, card issuing, client service, query management, and reporting tools. We also provide the registered beneficiaries with various resources, such as customised application forms, website content and advice on how to use the programme to raise monthly sustainable funds through the programme.
It is up to the beneficiary to use these tools to raise funds and incorporate it into their fundraising plan.
How much money do beneficiaries make? How do they ensure the programme is a success?
It is the beneficiary's responsibility to use the tools we have provided to their benefit. MySchool does not manage the individual beneficiary's fundraising efforts. Therefore the amount of funds raised through the programme is dependent on various factors. We can learn a lot from beneficiaries who use the programme to raise substantial amounts of funds each month.
Those registered beneficiaries that are currently successfully using the programme have:
- A dedicated fundraising champion who manages all fundraising activities - including the MySchool Fundraising programme.
- At least 1000 active MySchool supporters - who use their cards frequently (on a monthly basis) at the various MySchool partners.
- Supporters located in MySchool partner service areas (i.e the supporters are willing and able to support the organisation at local partners, and our national partners).
- A fundraising and communications plan. They communicate with their supporters on a regular basis, through their various communication channels, to keep them updated on where to swipe their MySchool card, the funds raised and how these funds are used - they also remember to say "thank you" to their supporters!
- Events where they sign up new supporters and ensure their current supporters keep supporting them.
- A MySchool information page on their website, linked to MySchool on social media platforms, and have marketing material to show potential supporters and encourage them that they can be nominated as a beneficiary.
What is the difference between a School, Village and Planet Beneficiary?
There is only one MySchool MyVillage MyPlanet card, which gives you access to support up to three Beneficiaries. Our Beneficiaries are all classified as one of the following:
- MySchool Beneficiaries: registered schools.
- MyVillage Beneficiaries: charities that helps communities and individuals (adults and children).
- MyPlanet beneficiaries: organisations that focus on the improvement and protection of the environment and animals.
How to become a MySchool MyVillage MyPlanet Beneficiary
- Make sure you qualify for an organisation to qualify for registration as a MySchool MyVillage MyPlanet Beneficiary, it must be either:
- a school that is registered with the Department of Education; or
- a non-profit organisation (NPO) or a public benefit organisation (PBO) that is registered as an NPO or a PBO with the South African Revenue Services; and must focus on:
- uplifting people with physical or mental disabilities, orphans or the vulnerable; or
- uplifting people through education or social development; or
- protecting the environment; or
- protecting animals; or
Your organisation cannot qualify as a Beneficiary if it is:
- a charity promoting religion (this includes institutions such as churches, mosques and temples);
- a charity promoting a specific political group or orientation;
- a charity promoting specific social activism issues or views;
- a sports club or association;
- an interest or hobby group; or
- a profit-making company.
Individuals cannot qualify as Beneficiary.
2. Send us the correct documents
Send us the following documents (by email only) so that we may process your application to be a Beneficiary:
- the completed MySchool MyVillage MyPlanet Beneficiary Application Form containing your full details and your signature indicating that you agree with our Terms and Conditions;
- a copy of your organisation's letterhead;
- a copy of your organisation's VAT registration form (if VAT registered);
- a short (no more than 300 words) description of what your organisation does;
- a marketing plan setting out how you intend to manage your status as a Beneficiary. The marketing plan must include:
- how many SUPPORTERS you currently have;
- how you stay in contact with them; and
- how you plan to increase the number of Supporters you currently have.
3. Wait for us to contact you
We will review your application based on the criteria we have determined, at our sole discretion. The application review process takes 8 / 10 weeks from the time that we receive the completed application. Failure to submit the required details and supporting documentation will result in your application not being reviewed and your application being declined. We will contact you to let you know whether your application has been successful and to confirm the next steps.


, $col = $val\n";
}
Send a Cell Range Query
Suppose you wanted to retrieve the cells in the first column of a worksheet. You can request a cell feed containing only this column as follows:
setMinCol(1);
$query->setMaxCol(1);
$query->setMinRow(2);
$feed = $spreadsheetService->getCellsFeed($query);
This requests all the data in column 1, starting with row 2.
Change Contents of a Cell
To modify the contents of a cell, call updateCell with the row, column, and new value of the cell.
updateCell($row, $col, $inputValue, $spreadsheetKey, $worksheetId);
The new data is placed in the specified cell in the worksheet. If the specified cell contains data already, it will be overwritten. Note: Use updateCell to change the data in a cell, even if the cell is empty.
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Zend_Controller Quick Start
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Save changes to the PDF document.
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Guide
Garmin Lily: Does It Vibrate? Uncovering The Smartwatch's Hidden Features
Greg is an IT support specialist with over 15 years of experience troubleshooting a wide range of tech issues. He launched gcdev2.com to share solutions with others in convenient, step-by-step guides. In his spare time, Greg enjoys learning about new devices and staying up to date on the latest operating...
What To Know
 - The technology behind vibration in smartwatches typically involves a small motor known as a haptic motor or vibration motor.
 - Clean the Garmin Lily thoroughly using a soft cloth and mild detergent, paying particular attention to the area around the vibration motor.
 - In addition to its vibration capabilities, the Garmin Lily offers a range of other features that contribute to its appeal.
Garmin Lily, a sleek and stylish smartwatch, has captured the attention of many with its elegant design and impressive features. However, one question that often arises is whether the Garmin Lily vibrates. This blog post delves into the intricacies of the Garmin Lily's vibration capabilities, providing comprehensive answers and insightful explanations.
Understanding Vibration in Smartwatches: A Technological Perspective
Vibration is a common feature in smartwatches, serving as a means of providing tactile feedback to users. This feedback can be used for various purposes, such as notifications, alarms, and fitness tracking. The technology behind vibration in smartwatches typically involves a small motor known as a haptic motor or vibration motor. This motor generates vibrations when an electric current is applied, creating a noticeable sensation on the user's wrist.
Garmin Lily's Vibration Capabilities: A Comprehensive Overview
The Garmin Lily smartwatch does indeed possess vibration capabilities, allowing users to receive tactile feedback for various functions. Here's a comprehensive overview of the Garmin Lily's vibration features:
1. Notification Vibrations:
The Garmin Lily vibrates when you receive notifications from your paired smartphone. These notifications can include incoming calls, text messages, emails, and app alerts. The vibration pattern can be customized to suit your preferences, ensuring that you never miss an important update.
2. Alarm Vibrations:
The Garmin Lily also features vibration alarms, providing a gentle wake-up call or reminder. You can set multiple alarms, each with its own vibration pattern, allowing you to personalize your alarm experience.
3. Fitness Tracking Vibrations:
During fitness activities, the Garmin Lily vibrates to provide feedback on your progress. For instance, it may vibrate when you reach a certain distance, time, or heart rate goal. These vibrations serve as motivators, encouraging you to stay active and achieve your fitness objectives.
Customizing Vibration Settings: Tailoring Your Garmin Lily to Your Needs
The Garmin Lily offers customizable vibration settings, enabling you to tailor the smartwatch's vibrations to your preferences. Here's how you can adjust the vibration settings:
1. Vibration Intensity:
You can adjust the intensity of the vibrations to suit your sensitivity. Choose from various intensity levels, ranging from subtle to strong, ensuring that the vibrations are noticeable yet comfortable.
2. Vibration Patterns:
The Garmin Lily allows you to select from a variety of vibration patterns. This customization feature lets you assign different patterns to different types of notifications or alarms, making it easier to identify the source of the vibration.
3. Vibration Duration:
You can also control the duration of the vibrations. Whether you prefer short, sharp vibrations or longer, sustained ones, the Garmin Lily's customizable settings cater to your preferences.
Troubleshooting Vibration Issues: Resolving Common Problems
If you're experiencing issues with the Garmin Lily's vibration function, here are some troubleshooting tips to help resolve the problem:
1. Check Vibration Settings:
Ensure that the vibration settings are properly configured. Verify that vibrations are enabled for the desired functions, such as notifications, alarms, and fitness tracking.
2. Clean the Smartwatch:
Dirt or debris can sometimes interfere with the vibration motor, causing it to malfunction. Clean the Garmin Lily thoroughly using a soft cloth and mild detergent, paying particular attention to the area around the vibration motor.
3. Update Software:
Outdated software can occasionally lead to vibration issues. Check for available software updates and install them to ensure that your Garmin Lily is running the latest version.
4. Contact Garmin Support:
If the vibration issues persist despite trying the above steps, contact Garmin support for further assistance. They can provide expert advice and help resolve any underlying problems.
Beyond Vibrations: Additional Features of the Garmin Lily
In addition to its vibration capabilities, the Garmin Lily offers a range of other features that contribute to its appeal:
1. Stylish Design:
The Garmin Lily boasts a sleek and stylish design, making it a fashionable accessory that complements any outfit. Its compact size and lightweight construction ensure comfortable wearability throughout the day.
2. Health and Fitness Tracking:
The Garmin Lily tracks various health and fitness metrics, including steps taken, calories burned, heart rate, and sleep patterns. This data helps you stay informed about your overall well-being and make informed choices to improve your health.
3. Smart Notifications:
The Garmin Lily displays notifications from your paired smartphone, allowing you to stay connected without constantly checking your phone. This feature is particularly useful when you're on the go or engaged in activities where you need to stay focused.
4. Long Battery Life:
The Garmin Lily features an impressive battery life, lasting up to 5 days on a single charge. This extended battery life ensures that you can rely on the smartwatch throughout your day without worrying about running out of power.
The Bottom Line: Embracing the Garmin Lily's Vibrant Experience
The Garmin Lily's vibration capabilities, coupled with its stylish design, health tracking features, and smart notifications, make it an ideal smartwatch for those seeking a blend of fashion and functionality. Whether you're looking for a gentle reminder of an upcoming meeting or a motivating nudge during your workout, the Garmin Lily's vibrations provide a discreet yet effective way to stay connected and informed.
What People Want to Know
Q1. Can I turn off the vibrations on the Garmin Lily?
A1. Yes, you can disable vibrations for specific functions or turn off vibrations entirely through the Garmin Lily's settings menu.
Q2. How do I adjust the vibration intensity on my Garmin Lily?
A2. You can customize the vibration intensity by accessing the vibration settings on your Garmin Lily. Choose from various intensity levels to suit your preference.
Q3. Can I create custom vibration patterns for different notifications or alarms?
A3. Yes, the Garmin Lily allows you to assign different vibration patterns to various notifications or alarms. This feature helps you easily identify the source of the vibration without looking at the smartwatch's screen.
Q4. What should I do if the vibrations on my Garmin Lily are too weak or not working at all?
A4. If you're experiencing issues with the Garmin Lily's vibrations, try cleaning the smartwatch, checking the vibration settings, updating the software, or contacting Garmin support for further assistance.
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Greg Clayton
Greg is an IT support specialist with over 15 years of experience troubleshooting a wide range of tech issues. He launched gcdev2.com to share solutions with others in convenient, step-by-step guides. In his spare time, Greg enjoys learning about new devices and staying up to date on the latest operating systems and apps. He lives in California with his wife and two children, where he passes down his tech know-how while also picking up new tricks from the next generation of digital natives. Greg holds a degree in Computer Science and is A+ certified. In addition to running the site, he authors many of the hands-on tutorials and how-to articles to help users fix problems and get the most out of their devices.
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Crossword Clue: "The Wire" robber
If you're looking for all of the crossword answers for the clue ""The Wire" robber" then you're in the right place. We found 1 answers for this crossword clue.
Matching crossword puzzle answers
Below is the complete list of answers we found in our database for "The Wire" robber:
Possibly related crossword clues
Based on the answers listed above, we also found some clues that are possibly similar or related to "The Wire" robber:
Recent Usage of "The Wire" robber in Crossword Puzzles
Here are all of the places we know of that have used "The Wire" robber in their crossword puzzles:
 - American Values Club X - Nov. 5, 2014
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