text:
What qualifies as a farm in Mississippi?
Defining "Farm" The term "farm" includes stock, dairy, poultry, fruit, furbearing animal, and truck farms, plantations, ranches, nurseries, ranges, greenhouses or other similar structures used primarily for the raising of agricultural or horticultural commodities, and orchards and woodlands.
How many acres is considered a farm in Mississippi?
There are approximately 34,700 farms in the state covering 10.4 million acres. The average size farm is composed of 300 acres. Agriculture makes a significant contribution to all 82 counties.
How do I claim tax break on land?
You can get additional tax breaks if you're willing to give up development rights on your land, and donate a conservation easement to a charitable land trust. This will permanently reduce the market value of your property and allow you to claim a deduction on your tax return.
How many farms are there in the state of Mississippi?
There are approximately 34,700 farms in the state covering 10.4 million acres. The average size farm is composed of 299 acres. Agriculture makes a significant contribution to all 82 counties.
How many animals are in a 20 acre farm?
Total Number of Animals (total acreage = 20 ac) x (average yield per acre 9,500 lb/ac) (.04) x (average animal weight 1200 lb) x (grazing days 365) (20) x (9,500) 190,000 11 animals (.04) x (1200) X (365) 17,520 Balancing your Animals with your Forage Page 2 How much forage do our animals need each month?
How big of a farm is considered a small farm?
A farm is classified of having $1,000 or more of agricultural products being produced or sold. A Small Farm, according to USDA census is a farm that is 179 acres or less in size, or earns $50,000 or less in gross income per year.
How big can a farm be in Iowa?
That leaves a lot of gray area on deciding what's a farm, especially when Iowa agriculture can range from four acres of vegetables to 4,000 acres of corn and soybeans. "There's not real good laws written on it," said Steve Helm, Dallas County assessor, who spent a half hour Tuesday talking with a landowner whose small farm had been reclassified.
How big is the average farm in Mississippi?
There are approximately 34,700 farms in the state covering 10.4 million acres. The average size farm is composed of 299 acres. Agriculture makes a significant contribution to all 82 counties. In celebration of the efforts of those who work so hard to feed and clothe us, we present this overview of Mississippi's top 16 agricultural crops.
How big of an area do you need for a farm?
If you're going to have horses or cows grazing off of the land, you should budget for no less than 1.5 acres of grazing land per animal. However, a couple dozen chickens can live nicely on a quarter acre, each goat should be allotted about a quarter acre as well.
How big is an acre at US farm and land?
At US Farm and Land, we offer humble one-acre lots, and gigantic lots for sale with 400 or 500 acres. Before we get started, let's talk about how much an acre is. One acre is equal to 43,560 square feet. While this may seem like a big number, you might be surprised to learn that an acre is smaller than a football field.
Can a house be built on 10 acres of farm land?
If you have a house on 10 acres of land and have determined that you are properly zoned for farm land, you can only convert the portion of the land that will be farmed, and not the house, driveway or any land that will not be used for farming.


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The Cardiff Harbour Authority Water Safety Code is designed to promote safety in the Bay and its rivers. We want you to enjoy your experience around the water's edge, so please follow the Water Safety Code.
The main principles to follow are:
- Swimming is NOT permitted in the Bay or rivers (due to its dangerous depth and currents)
- If you see anyone in difficulty, dial 999 and ask for the Emergency Services
- Do not throw rubbish or stones in the water
- Always wear boots or shoes on the riverbanks and on the foreshore

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
AERIAL land photographs are vital for hundreds of scientific, commercial and military projects. Now similar panoramas of the seafloor may be possible, thanks to a scanning laser system described at a conference last week. Such images "would radically change the way we now think about and work in the submarine environment", Ian MacDonald, a geochemist at Texas A&M University, told the Oceans 95 conference in San Diego.
The problem is that seawater scatters and absorbs visible light in the same way as thick fog. So while bright lights show nearby objects underwater, scattered light obscures anything lying more than a few metres away, even in clear water. But MacDonald described a scanning laser system developed by the engineering company Westinghouse that can map the seabed through up to 25 metres of water.
In an attempt to minimise interference from scattered light, designers of conventional undersea cameras separate the illuminating lamp...
To continue reading this article, subscribe to receive access to all of newscientist.com, including 20 years of archive content.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Spring 2013 Class Hours:
Tue/Fri 2:35 pm – 3:50 pm
Wednesdays 2:00 pm – 4:00 pm
Lata Parwani is a PhD candidate in History at Tufts University. Lata's dissertation, Sindhis between Region, Religion, and Nation, is a social history of the Sindhi Hindu minority community from Sindh, a Muslim majority province that became a part of Pakistan. Her study investigates questions of identity, citizenship and belonging faced by the Sindhi Hindus following the 1947 partition of the Indian subcontinent. Engaging with literature on nationalism, decolonization, post-colonial studies, and diaspora theory, this project examines the ways in which Sindhi Hindus have negotiated their regional, religious, and national identities in the aftermath of decolonization.
"The Legends of Jhuley Lal: Deconstructing a Sindhi Cultural Icon," in Michel Boivin and Matthew A. Cook eds., Interpreting the Sindhi World: Essays on Society and History. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2010
Modern South Asian history; colonialism; nationalism; decolonization; diasporas


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How To Choose A School For Architecture And Interior Design
July 8, 2017 Steven Murphy
If you're thinking of joining the world of architecture and interior design and you're not sure where to start, it is best that you consider formal education before stepping into the real world.
However, choosing a school for architecture and interior design can be a daunting task because of the plenty of options available. For this reason, you have to consider several factors to pick the best interior design architecture school.
What Does The School Have To Offer?
When planning a course in architecture and interior design, you have to examine what the school has to offer. First, you have to choose the level of education the school offers. Since some places have qualification requirements for both architecture and interior design professionals, it is important to check if the school is recognized in board examinations and other tests.
Another important factor is the duration of course. While some schools offer a two-month course, others provide an in-depth, four-year course. If you need only the basics of architecture and interior design, a two-month course can do the job. However, if you need an extensive education, four-year courses could offer you not only the education you need, but also certifications that are needed for a successful career in architecture or interior design.
Of course, the next thing to consider is the cost of education. Since architecture and interior design both require costly equipments, it is best that you look for schools that have financial aid programs. If you have the money to spare, you could go to private colleges that offer interior architecture and interior design degrees. If financial aid or private school is not an option for you, you could look for public universities that offer your desired course.
The next thing to consider is location of the school. If you want to live near your house, choose the best school that offers architecture interior design. However, if you feel that the best school is located at the next state and your goal is to go to the best school, then location is not a factor for you. When this is the case, you can always look for housing options like dorms that are near your preferred school.
The last factor to consider is the atmosphere of the school. Before enrolling with a particular university, visit the school and determine the school's population, size of the school property, location and other factors. If you think the school is conducive to your studies as an architecture and interior design student, then you have found the best school for your formal education.Eddie Lamb publishes an abundance of information on a range of topical subjects. This article How To Choose A School For Architecture And Interior Design, is just one of a host of useful articles about Top Homes and Materials listed on our site map at Top Homes and Materials.
- What's All The Hype About Online Casinos?
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- Cheer Yourself Up with a Cool Game of Online Poker!
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- THE ONLINE BINGO VIRGIN
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- Poker: Get that Poker Table ready!
- Playing Multiple Online Poker Tables
- Picking A Pot Limit Omaha Poker Room
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- Learning Casino Games

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
It's short-sighted – dramatically changing Michigan's landscape
To meet a 25 percent renewable standard, Michigan would need at least 5,000 megawatts more of renewable energy generating capacity.
If the state relied solely on wind energy to meet the requirement, it would need as many as 3,100 wind turbines, each taller than the state Capitol, all across Michigan – and maybe even in the Great Lakes. These wind farms would require about 500,000 acres of land, nearly six times the size of Detroit or 17 times the size of Grand Rapids.
Relying primarily on solar energy would significantly raise the price tag. And erecting that many wind turbines or solar panels in such a short time period would likely require the state to override local government control to reach 25 percent by 2025.


The Wim Hof Method, explained
Finland gets cold. Its territory runs far above the arctic circle and its not uncommon for temperatures to be in the -20s or lower. Could there be a better territory for a man who has been dubbed "The Iceman" for his uncanny feats in the cold extremes?
In January of 2007, the temperature in Finland was -35 degrees. Wim Hof, barefoot and in shorts, would run the world's fastest half marathon barefoot and in snow, clocking in at just over 2 hours—and this is just one of many instances where Hof pushes his body to the limits.
Wim holds 26 Guinness World Records in all. He has topped Mount Kilimanjaro and climbed much of Everest in just shoes and shorts. In 2011 he would also run a marathon in the Namib Desert without water. Wim has completed feats that are simply unexplainable. They defy science, yet they have happened under the watchful eye of scientists.

Perhaps the most incredible feat that was monitored by scientists took place in the Netherlands where Wim submerged himself in a cylinder of ice water for nearly two hours. He was able to sustain a core temperature for the whole time and was under the watchful eye of a UMC scientist professor Maria Hopeman.
The only thing that may be more astounding than his feats is the fact that he believes anyone can do these things!
The Wim Hof Method
Wim has since created and documented a method, The Wim Hof Method, that he uses to achieve these radical feats. His school of thought has slowly been gaining traction in the body hacking community, as people find how to manipulate their bodies to perform miraculous feats. The method is largely based on these three pillars:
1. Cold Therapy
This pillar is explained as proper exposure to cold and it is said to have an incredible amount of health benefits.
Proper exposure to the cold starts a cascade of health benefits, including the buildup of brown adipose tissue and resultant fat loss, reduced inflammation that facilitates a fortified immune system, balanced hormone levels, improved sleep quality, and the production of endorphins
_URL_
2. Breathing
The Wim Hof breathing method is used to saturate the body with oxygen. It involves a steady influx of deep breaths and will make you feel lightheaded. This rush of oxygen to the body also has tremendous health benefits
3. Commitment
The final and most important pillar of all is the commitment. It's the commitment to the cold and the to the breathing. If you can commit to this Wim believes that you can achieve the feats and health benefits that he has as well.
Why it works: Manipulation of Sp02 and HRV
So, what does science have to say about this real life cryomancer? It would seem he is impervious to cold, disease and discomfort in general. Wim has been characterized as an autodidact who has the ability to control his bodies circulation
The isolation of two key biometrics allows the WHM or Wim Hof Method to be measured not just in the man himself but in anyone who attempts his method. These markers are called SP02 and HRV.
SP02 or Blood Oxygen Saturation
"is a measure of how much oxygen the blood is carrying and can be measured using a pulse oximeter without using a needle. This is a percentage of how much oxygen is in your blood compared to the maximum it is capable of carrying."
How it applies to the WHM:
In relation to Wim's success he uses a method that will oversaturate the blood with oxygen. In this way he is able to get blood to the parts of his body that need it. This would explain things like being able to run a full marathon, in the freezing cold without much training.
HRV or Heart Rate Variability
Understanding your heart rate variability will help you understand your overall health and how your body is operating. There are two distinct types of heart rate variability and they are very different. While most people assume the heart beats like a metronome it's not true. In fact, your body is constantly changing process and taking on new duties. These require more or less blood; thus, the heart rate will vary.
Finding out how your heart beats daily routine will give you a hint to what improvements can be made in your own lifestyle.
HIGH HRV
Generally speaking, higher heart rate variability is indicative of the control of the parasympathetic system, one of the two sides of the autonomic nervous system. This system is responsible for regulating the body's unconscious actions including sexual arousal, salivation, and digestion––often called the "rest and digest" system.
LOW HRV
Low variance in between heart beats, or a consistent heartbeat, indicates a dominance of the sympathetic system. This system's primary process is to stimulate the body's fight-or-flight response but, when experienced without a threat, is signaling stress, overtraining, and inflammation.
How it applies to the WHM:
Based on studies the very best method for developing high heart rate variability is through cold therapy. This cold therapy has been measured and studied by many people and the results are resoundingly similar.
Consider this from Todd Becker of gettingstronger.org
"The activity that has delivered the single biggest improvement to HRV for me has been…cold showers! This has also been the most consistent and most immediate of all the measures I've tried."
"cold showers appear to have improved my stress tolerance, by buffering emotional reactions. What I mean by this is that bad news, surprises, arguments, or events that would have previously caused a brief surge in adrenaline or an emotional flush, no longer have that effect, or at most have a very attenuated effect."
_URL_
Measuring the Effects SP02 and HRV in Real Time
There is only one way to see how your body is truly functioning. You can do all the breathing exercises and cold therapy you want but without the ability to measure your blood oxygen levels and heart rate variability you could merely be suffering from the placebo effect.
Pulse Oximetry
When you get sick and head into an urgent care facility, or your primary care physician, you will get a small clip placed on your finger and that is called a pulse oximeter. It checks for a percentage of oxyhemoglobin in the blood stream. This machine will sound if the levels are dangerously low.
Using this tool coupled with some monitoring script, you have the ability to not only measure these levels in your blood but also document them for later analysis.
A complete setup was put together by Alan Reiner of _URL_ he also documented his results. While the setup was a bit crude and rigged together it open the doors to understanding and measuring the effects of the WHM.
Observe his trial and his setup of the hardware and the script HERE
The Practicality of the Wim Hof Method
While you may not be looking to become the next Sub Zero there are some serious health benefits that have been attributed to this method. The missing link between all of this was having a way to monitor the effects on the body. Biometric tech is lagging behind the tidal wave of science that is hitting the average person. This won't be the case for very long.
Measuring your body's performance and understanding how you can affect it with these simple therapies is just one example. If the Wim Hof Method can afford its creator the ability to swing 66 meters under the ice of a frozen lake there are many ways it can help you with your own life goals.
Stress relief and limiting inflammation are two massive health benefits that we can also affect with diet and exercise. How about boosting natural immunity?
While studies and research in this field can stir up tons of questions. I think one stands out more than any other. With robotics and tech advancements stealing the headlines, what is the human body truly capable of?
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How to Store and Retrieve User Settings from SUSI Server in SUSI iOS
Any user using the SUSI iOS client can set preferences like enabling or disabling the hot word recognition or enabling input from the microphone. These settings need to be stored, in order to be used across all platforms such as web, Android or iOS. Now, in order to store these settings and maintain a synchronization between all the clients, we make use of the SUSI server. The server provides an endpoint to retrieve these settings when the user logs in.
First, we will focus on storing settings on the server followed by retrieving settings from the server. The endpoint to store settings is as follows:
_URL_
This takes the key value pair for storing a settings and an access token to identify the user as parameters in the GET request. Let's start by creating the method that takes input the params, calls the API to store settings and returns a status specifying if the executed successfully or not.
 let url = getApiUrl(UserDefaults.standard.object(forKey: ControllerConstants.UserDefaultsKeys.ipAddress) as! String, Methods.UserSettings)
 _ = makeRequest(url, .get, [:], parameters: params, completion: { (results, message) in
 if let _ = message {
 completion(false, ResponseMessages.ServerError)
 } else if let results = results {
 guard let response = results as? [String : AnyObject] else {
 completion(false, ResponseMessages.ServerError)
 return
 }
 if let accepted = response[ControllerConstants.accepted] as? Bool, let message = response[Client.UserKeys.Message] as? String {
 if accepted {
 completion(true, message)
 return
 }
 completion(false, message)
 return
 }
 }
 })
Let's understand this function line by line. First we generate the URL by supplying the server address and the method. Then, we pass the URL and the params in the 'makeRequest' method which has a completion handler returning a results object and an error object. Inside the completion handler, check for any error, if it exists mark the request completed with an error else check for the results object to be a dictionary and a key 'accepted', if this key is 'true' our request executed successfully and we mark the request to be executed successfully and finally return the method. After making this method, it needs to be called in the view controller, we do so by the following code.
Client.sharedInstance.changeUserSettings(params) { (_, message) in
 DispatchQueue.global().async {
 self.view.makeToast(message)
 }
}
The code above takes input params containing the user token and key-value pair for the setting that needs to be stored. This request runs on a background thread and displays a toast message with the result of the request.
Now that the settings have been stored on the server, we need to retrieve these settings every time the user logs in the app. Below is the endpoint for the same:
_URL_
This endpoint accepts the user token which is generated when the user logs in which is used to uniquely identify the user and his/her settings are returned. Let's create the method that would call this endpoint and parse and save the settings data in the iOS app's User Defaults.
if let _ = message {
 completion(false, ResponseMessages.ServerError)
} else if let results = results {
 guard let response = results as? [String : AnyObject] else {
 completion(false, ResponseMessages.ServerError)
 return
 }
 guard let settings =
response[ControllerConstants.Settings.settings.lowercased()] as? [String:String] else {
 completion(false, ResponseMessages.ServerError)
 return
 }
 for (key, value) in settings {
 if value.toBool() != nil {
 UserDefaults.standard.set(value.toBool()!, forKey: key)
 } else {
 UserDefaults.standard.set(value, forKey: key)
 }
 }
 completion(true, response[Client.UserKeys.Message] as? String ?? "error")
}
Here, the creation of the URL is same as we created above the only difference being the method passed. We parse the settings key value into a dictionary followed by a loop which loop's through all the keys and stores the value in the User Defaults for that key. We simply call this method just after user log in as follows:
Client.sharedInstance.fetchUserSettings(params as [String : AnyObject]) { (success, message) in
 DispatchQueue.global().async {
 print("User settings fetch status: \(success) : \(message)")
 }
}
That's all for this tutorial where we learned how to store and retrieve settings on the SUSI Server.
References


Where do Babies Come From
Where do Babies Come From
Somebody has rightly said," Only a mother can tell from where the baby came from"? and even the father can't tell it surely without her approval. Though since childhood many children keep on asking their parents from where did they come, but never get a satisfactory answer and thus here we have come with all information for you regarding this topic that even your mother won't tell.
Where do Babies Come From
Where do Babies Come From
1. Talking About The Myth:-
Talking about the myth prevailing in the society, Whenever you may have asked your mother in childhood, from where did you come? She might have given you the answers like a fairy came and gave you to them or like an angel from heaven came on the earth to give you to your parents, but let me tell you that it is bullshit and they took you as a kid.
If you would have asked it from your teacher, she must have answered you that we all are the offsprings of Adam and Eve, who were the first couple on the earth and we all are their offsprings, this can be taken as half true but you still don't get a proof as you had not seen it happening. The exact clue you get about babies being born is when you are taken to some hospital and that too is just the half of knowledge.
2. Talking About The Scientific Approach:-
If I try to give you the full knowledge with a scientific approach, I will simply say that there are two hormones in humans, one is the testosterone and other is the estrogen, both the hormones are there in males as well as females but estrogen is in females in excess and testosterone is in males in excess.
After completing the state of puberty, when a girl starts getting periods and becomes mature enough to produce babies, she goes on a sexual intercourse with her hubby and he injects some of his sperm in her vagina.
These sperms travel through their passage making a way and reach the female ova to fertilize the eggs. The eggs get fertilized and the girl enters the state of pregnancy. She bears nine months of pain in the hospital and then gives birth to the baby.
3. What Is Done In The Hospitals:-
When you were a kid and your parents started taking you to hospitals first of all, you must have though that this is the place where babies are manufactured but that was just a half, truth as I told earlier. The manufacturing process has been done earlier by the couple and the hospital just brings about the delivery making the use of machines in a proper way and hands over the baby to its parents.
4. The Baby Can Even Be A Surrogate Baby:-
Surrogacy can be understood as an approach in which an agreement is made for pregnancy that makes the transfer of embryo from one mother to the other using the concept of vitro fertilization and is impregnated naturally or artificially. This is done in case if the mother is not able to give birth to a child due to prolonged sickness or due to any other reason and thus a baby can even be surrogate as well.
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text:
:1→J :For(I,2,dim(L₁ :If L₁(I)=L₁(J:Then :.002+L₁(J→L₁(J :Else :If L₁(I)=int(L₁(J:Then :.001+L₁(J→L₁(J :Else :J+1→J :L₁(I→L₁(J :End:End:End :J→dim(L₁
Run-length encoding (RLE) is a very easy compression algorithm that you can use for compressing a list of numbers. The way it works is that you remove all of the consecutive repeated numbers from the list, and modify the first instance of the numbers with how many repeated numbers there were.
For example, say you have a list of numbers 1,2,2,3,3,3,4. You start with the 1, and since there is only one 1, it wouldn't be modified. There are two 2's, however, so you would remove the second two, and add a decimal part (using fPart() of how many 2's there were (in this case, just two, which we represent as.002). You would do this for the rest of the list, and the final list would be 1,2.002,3.003,4.
To save memory (which is of course the reason we're compressing) we will store the result to L₁, the same list the uncompressed data is in. Throughout the loop, J is the index of the last element of the compressed part of the list, and I is the index in the uncompressed part. We don't have to worry about the indices colliding, since I is always bigger than J.
We loop over the list with I, and check if the current element has the same value as the last element of the compressed list. If it is, then it's the beginning of a run, so we add.002 to that last element.
If it isn't there's another possibility — the last element could represent an existing run of the same element. We check for this with the code If L₁(I)=int(L₁(J)). If this turns out to be the case, we add.001 to increase the length of the run. Otherwise, the element really is different, and we increase J and add a new element.
At the end, we store J to the size of L₁. This gets rid of all the unnecessary data, leaving us only with the compressed portion of the list.
Note that we never store anything to L₁ itself, only to its elements. This is a useful technique to avoid using too much memory while the program is running: if we stored to L₁, a copy of the list would be stored to Ans, which could easily give a ERR:MEMORY if the list is too large. As the program is now, the only additional memory used is contained in three real variables (I, J, and Ans).


OpenUnison is a new approach to identity management. OpenUnison combines web access management and provisioning services into a single system. Utilizing an internal virtual directory, powered by MyVirtualDirectory, OpenUnison can combine identity data from several sources such as Active Directory, LDAP directories and relational databases. OpenUnison combines most of the features of the commercial version of Unison, with the main difference being that OpenUnison is packaged as a J2EE application that is deployed into any J2EE container such as Tomcat or JBoss where as Unison is packaged as a stand alone service with a UI and management system.
Marc BoorshteinOpenUnison


text:
Industrial plastic hoses against the power of nature
Industrial rubber hoses
When we hear the name "industrial rubber hoses", we think of the hoses used in factories and workshops. Although these hoses are used indoors and in factories, these places are not the only ones where plastic industrial hoses are used, but also in various outdoor environments such as oil and gas industry, petrochemical field and Chemicals are also used frequently and are very practical This issue is also about machines and cases where devices should be placed in outdoor environments (soldiers). The presence and industrial rubber hoses are one of the most important parts in this regard, and when we want to work in outdoor environments. Think about it, we need to consider all industrial rubber hoses and make good choices between them.
Industrial rubber hoses are used for outdoor applications and devices (open head) and employees working in outdoor environments (underwater, coastal areas and outdoors). Various industries such as agriculture, petrochemicals and mining all have to work with water, steam, oil, gas, acid and other liquid materials, all of which are transported by industrial plastic hoses. Examples are fire services, oil platforms, or the aerospace industry, all of which operate in external environments. Another common denominator in all of this is the need for rubber hoses that are resistant to various weather conditions.
External environmental conditions
Daily use in outdoor industries makes rubber hoses extremely vulnerable. These hoses are very sensitive to both the effects of nature and human influences. The first and most important thing is that the hoses are exposed to the weather (from mild weather to stormy weather). Rubber hoses must withstand wind, rain, sub-zero temperatures, sunlight and even storms. The impact of these forces is also more evident over time. Rain creates a pool of water, the sun transmits heat and light, and the wind causes movement and cold. These weather conditions are an indispensable part of working in these industries.
24-hour variable workflow
Working in an outdoor environment means a dynamic workflow, which means that employees and devices are open 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Industrial rubber hoses are located on the ground and most of the time do not have guards. In addition to these conditions, the number of times the industrial hoses are used and used is not high and the lack of fluid flow in them causes them to be in a state of vulnerability and "freezing". At the same time, hoses are exposed to human movements, trucks and machines.
Climate conditions and movement by humans and machines are difficult to define. Unfortunately, many chemical plants, drilling rigs, and factories still use conventional rubber hoses. For example, they use these hoses even to transfer water in the event of a fire. Ordinary rubber hoses and other hoses do not even have good resistance to ozone and sunlight, and after a few months of use, they start to break down, burst and flake. Accordingly, these rubber hoses do not have proper safety and cause dangerous consequences.


Secrets of the Wood Comb
Discover the healing power of using wood combs for massage and more
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Taiwanese craftsman Xianyi Chan makes his seemingly simple wood combs using traditional techniques. But there's more than meets the eye with this elegant instrument of personal care. They are sold today under the brand M Comb, and the inspiration for their design and use goes back centuries.
Song Dynasty poet Su Dongpo combed his hair one hundred times each night before bed.
Flying bugs dance to greet the moon,
I let my hair down in front of moon-lit windows.
A thousand combs quickly wake up the skin and stimulate the bones,
Energy nourishes the roots like dewdrops.
Su Dongpo romanticized the ritual of the comb in ancient Chinese life. A modern person might wonder why. Was it because he didn't have a television to watch? Or was there something about the ritual that today's people don't know?
Meet the M Comb, a wooden masterpiece
Xianyi Chan has loved wood from a young age. He and his brother used to make wood hair clips and hairpins for money. One day, a customer said, "Before putting on hairpins and hair clips, we have to comb our hair. Why don't you make us some combs?" The brothers thought it was a great idea, so they added wood combs to their product line.
About ten years ago, Chan got a terrible toothache. He saw a dentist who sent him to a neurologist, who discovered a tumor in his ear. Even though it was benign, it was big enough to affect his trigeminal nerve, and Chan needed a surgery that had only a 50 percent chance of survival. After a 15-hour operation, Chan made it through, but his facial nerves had been damaged. He lost motor function completely in half of his face. He even had to tape his eye shut in order to sleep.
wood combs in the M Comb collection
The M Comb comes in multiple designs, each with its own unique functions and features. Photography by Tiana Wang
As part of his physical therapy, Chan received massages. The woman only used her hands, but it triggered a memory. He recalled a teacher by the name of Mula.
"Mula told me of the wood comb's many functions. Many of my customers who bought my combs took lessons with Mula. She taught them how to use the wood combs for massage."
The benefits of wood comb massages
After learning Mula's wood comb massage technique, Chan taught it to his masseuse. From that point on, Chan would bring his own comb to the salon when he got his daily 30-minute massage. Four months later, he was brushing his teeth when he noticed his mouth twitch. At first, he thought his mind was playing tricks, but he wiped the mirror and looked again. "I saw my face really twitched. I was so happy. I felt like I had just won the lottery."
After six months of wood comb massages, Chan regained 100 percent of his facial functions. His doctors were amazed.
People say "wood comb massage," but that's actually a misnomer, he says. The goal of massage is generally for blood circulation and muscle relaxation, whereas wood combing focuses on adjusting the body's qi or energy. The theory makes sense from both a traditional Chinese perspective as well as modern medicine, which has come to embrace the old ways more and more.
"It's not only our nose and mouth that breathe. All of our sweat pores breathe. When people have a cold, they feel miserable because they lack energy. The same is true when your sweat pores are congested, especially the sweat pores on your head, which are the greatest in number."
Chan says that people sometimes feel energized after combing their head because the qi congested under the skin gets expelled through the sweat pores. Once the qi is smoothed out, a person experiences a renewed sense of wellness.
Wood combs can also be used to massage other parts of the body. Chan combs his entire body every day. Qi can become murky and hover around, causing inflammation. A wood comb can expel that murky qi while stimulating fresh qi.
"The best part is that, unlike with medication, this method has no side effects. Wood combs are completely natural. It combs your energy and makes it flow so as to relieve pain and other symptoms."
Even knowing that Chan is a true lover of wood combs and a gifted artisan of many years, it's still surprising to discover that his process for bringing a comb into the world takes more than a hundred steps.
"Anything handmade has a heart. When there's a heart, there is feeling, and it has power."
Handmade quality
Chan's wood combs are always handmade. The wood is selected according to weight, colour, and aroma. Wood type is also important. One of Chan's most popular choices is the black and purple sandalwood.
The first step is to cut the wood into blocks. Chan will wait months, sometimes years, for the blocks to air dry. Once completely dry, the wood retains its shape and resists warping. Only then can it be used for production. Many manufacturers use heat to speed up the drying process. Chan believes this method alters the fibre, drains the resin, and altogether damages the wood.
After drying, patterns are drawn onto the blocks, and a thread saw is used to cut out the comb. A person then manually sands the comb until each tooth is cone-shaped with a pointy tip and thick base. This design ensures optimum energy flow. Chan got the idea from the shape of a boat. The comb moves energy like a boat moves water.
"Machine-made teeth are straight and easy to make," he says. "Mine are cone shaped, and the process involved is much more complicated. Only handmade teeth feel smooth on the body."
wood combs being made for the M Comb collection
Every M Comb is crafted by hand from a single piece of wood, creating an elegant form and natural strength.
Wood combs made with love
Chan requires his artisans to leave their problems at home and maintain a positive mindset while making his combs. He believes that the emotions of the craftsman live in the craft. "Anything handmade has a heart. When there's a heart, there is feeling, and it has power."
Chan's process is one of intimacy. He says he notices nuances that others don't. "It's just like dating someone you love. You want to know everything about her, her family, her everything. That's why I say I've been in love with my combs all my life."
Chan believes virtue is the most important thing in a person's life. Without it, one doesn't have blessings or fortune. A tree also has virtue. Its virtue starts from being a seed. It falls into soil, grows downward to find its base in the earth, and wraps around the earth with its roots. It then grows upward, taking in light and giving out pure oxygen that refreshes us all. It blooms into flowers, bears fruit, and becomes a tall tree that protects and provides.
wood combs in the M Comb collection
The wood blocks used to create the M comb are air-dried without heat to preserve the natural fibres, resins, and energy of the wood. Xianyi Chan instructs his artisans to leave their problems behind when creating the combs, so only positive energy goes into every product. Photography by Tiana Wang
"A tree doesn't take much from this world but offers a great deal. It's very quiet but always devoted. Even after it dies, we still use its body. I hope when people use their wood combs, they feel the virtue in the wood and are grateful."
Here's what Chan suggests: Every morning and every night, spend three to five minutes combing your hair. Start from the top of the head and comb downward in all directions. You'll smooth out the congested qi and let out the negative energy. Relax and enjoy the therapeutic process.
"In the old days, combing hair was a daily routine, a very natural thing to do," he says. "Modern people don't pay attention to it and have lost it. It actually has a great impact on our health. People say you can assess a person's success from his daily routines. This success might not be monetary. If you routinely smoke, then your lungs will not be successful. If you routinely comb your hair, your health will be very successful."
The M comb will be launched at in Jan 2021.
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What are the liquid indicators on my iPhone?
iPhones contain small liquid contact indicators that are designed to detect the presence of liquid inside the device. These indicators are very important for determining potential water damage, which can impact the functionality and warranty status of an iPhone.
What do the liquid indicators look like?
The liquid contact indicators on an iPhone are very small and can be difficult to see. They are located in the sim card slot, headphone jack (on older models), and other internal components. The indicators appear as small white or pink stickers or tabs. When dry, they will remain white/pink. When exposed to liquid, they turn red or pink.
Where are the liquid indicators located?
Here are the most common locations for the liquid contact indicators in different iPhone models:
 - iPhone X, XS, 11 – SIM card tray, logic board
 - iPhone XR, SE (2nd gen) – SIM card tray
 - iPhone 8, 7 – SIM card tray, logic board, headphone jack
 - iPhone 6S, 6S Plus – SIM card tray, logic board, headphone jack
 - iPhone 6, 6 Plus – SIM card tray, logic board, headphone jack
What happens when liquid is detected?
When the liquid contact indicators detect the presence of liquid, they will turn from white/pink to red or pink. This color change is irreversible. It alerts Apple technicians that liquid has gotten inside your iPhone at some point.
Exposure to liquid can cause corrosion and damage to internal components. Even after drying out, residual deposits can impact the logic board and electrical connections. Liquid damage is not covered by Apple's warranty, so a red/pink indicator will void your warranty status.
What types of liquids can activate the indicators?
The liquid contact indicators are very sensitive by design. They are calibrated to detect very small amounts of liquid. The following types of liquids can cause the indicators to be triggered:
 - Water
 - Sweat
 - Rain
 - Coffee
 - Tea
 - Soda
 - Alcohol
 - Shampoo
 - Soap
 - Humidity/condensation
It does not take much liquid at all for the indicators to be activated. Just a small amount of moisture or humidity over time can cause the color to change. The indicators are so sensitive that even high humidity can trigger them in some cases.
Can you reset or dry out a liquid indicator?
Unfortunately, once a liquid indicator has turned pink/red it cannot be reversed. The color change is permanent. There is no way to "reset" or "dry out" the indicators.
Some people try methods like using a hairdryer to dry the indicator, but this will not change it back to the original color. The only option is to replace any triggered liquid contact indicators.
Should you replace a triggered liquid indicator?
If the indicator has been triggered on your iPhone, it is probably best to have it replaced. Here are some benefits of replacing liquid indicators:
 - Returns indicator to original white/pink color
 - Can help avoid warranty issues if iPhone needs future repair
 - Makes it easier to detect any new exposure to liquid
 - Gives you peace of mind knowing your iPhone is dry internally
The biggest reason to replace a triggered indicator is to reset the warranty status. If Apple opens up your iPhone for repair later on, the warranty will be voided if liquid damage is apparent.
How to replace a liquid contact indicator
Replacing liquid indicators requires opening up the iPhone to access the internal components. It should only be done by an experienced repair technician.
Here is an overview of the process:
 1. Open iPhone and disassemble components to access logic board
 2. Locate all liquid contact indicator tabs that have turned pink/red
 3. Carefully peel back each triggered indicator tab
 4. Clean and dry the component surface underneath
 5. Apply new replacement liquid contact indicator tabs
 6. Reassemble iPhone
Each indicator is just a small adhesive tab or sticker. The new replacements can be purchased cheaply in bulk. Proper tools, training, and experience are needed to disassemble the iPhone and replace them without any damage.
Cost to replace liquid contact indicators
The cost to replace liquid contact indicators varies depending on how many need to be switched out. In general, you can expect to pay:
 - $30 – $70 to replace one or two indicators
 - $70 – $120 to replace three to five indicators
 - $120+ to replace six or more indicators
Some repair shops charge per indicator, such as $15 – $20 per tab replaced. The total cost scales up quickly if multiple indicators were triggered.
Alternatives to replacing liquid indicators
If you do not want to pay to have the liquid contact indicators replaced, here are a couple alternative options:
 - Do nothing – You can leave the triggered indicators as-is. Just be aware it may void warranty or impact future service.
 - Hide indicators – Some shops can hide the indicators behind a waterproof sealant so they cannot be seen if the iPhone is opened later.
However, keep in mind that these do not actually reset the indicators or address any potential liquid damage. Replacing the indicators is the only way to properly restore them.
Preventing liquid contact indicators from triggering
Here are some tips to help prevent triggering the liquid contact indicators in your iPhone:
 - Use a waterproof case for wet environments like the pool or beach.
 - Keep iPhone away from excess moisture and humidity.
 - Never submerge or expose iPhone to pressurized water flow.
 - Avoid large spills – quickly dry any small liquid splashes.
 - Don't use iPhone in the bathroom while showering.
 - Turn on airplane mode before workouts to prevent sweat damage.
A bit of care and precaution goes a long way in avoiding liquid damage. But accidents can happen, so be prepared for the cost of replacement if an indicator does get triggered.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I trigger the indicators without getting the phone wet?
It's very difficult to trigger the indicators without actual liquid contact. High humidity alone does not normally trigger them. Something wet would need to directly touch the tab to turn it pink/red.
Do liquid indicators expire over time?
The liquid contact indicators are designed to not degrade or expire over time. As long as they stay dry, they should maintain the original white/pink color for the lifespan of the iPhone.
Can Apple deny service for a triggered indicator?
Yes, Apple considers liquid contact a form of accidental damage not covered under warranty. If any indicators are triggered, they can legally deny service or charge out of warranty fees.
Do all iPhones have the same indicator placements?
The locations vary slightly between models, but are generally near points of potential liquid ingress like the SIM tray, charging port, headphone jack, etc. Technicians are trained on the exact placements for each model.
Can liquid indicators be replaced by third parties?
Yes, many reputable third party repair shops offer liquid indicator replacement services. The only requirement is having trained technicians able to properly disassemble the iPhone without causing damage.
Conclusion
The liquid contact indicators in iPhones serve an important role in detecting water damage issues. If you see red/pink indicators instead of white/pink, it means liquid was able to ingress and impact internal components at some point. Replacing the indicators can reset the water damage status and warranty eligibility if desired. With proper precautions, you can avoid triggering the indicators through liquid exposure. But accidents happen, so be prepared for potential indicator replacement costs down the road.


text:
The Lord Commander is a rank found in several of the Seven Kingdoms' institutions. It is a combination of "Lord", meaning that the person holding the title is of noble birth, or at the very least knighted, and "Commander", indicating a position of authority and leadership. The term may refer to:
- The Lord Commander of the Kingsguard, the elite group of seven knights whose duty it is to protect the King and the royal family. The Kingsguard's current Lord Commander is Ser Jaime Lannister. He took over the role when Ser Barristan Selmy was dismissed. Ser Duncan the Tall was Lord Commander when Selmy rose to prominence.
- The Lord Commander of the Night's Watch, the order responsible for defending the Wall. The last Lord Commander was Jeor Mormont, former Lord of Bear Island. Following Mormont's death, the position is vacant.
The leader of the City Watch of the Seven Kingdoms' various cities is called a "Lord Commander" when of noble birth, or a "Commander" when not. Janos Slynt was merely a "Commander" due to his lack of noble birth, but was later elevated to the nobility as Lord of Harrenhal in gratitude for his service to King Joffrey in betraying Eddard Stark.
In contrast, the leader of the Kingsguard is always called "Lord Commander", though this might simply be because most knights tend to be noble-born. Even if a commoner is knighted for bravery on the battelfield but was not born noble - as was the case with Ser Duncan the Tall, who was born in the slums of Flea Bottom but later became Lord Commander - being knighted technically promotes a commoner into a "noble". Members of the Kingsguard are supposed to exclusively be knights, and thus even a common-born member such as Ser Duncan would be called "Lord" Commander on the grounds that he is at least a knight. The City Watch only runs into this difference because unlike the Kingsguard, non-knights and commoners can join it and rise to command positions.
Sandor Clegane's appointment to the Kingsguard was considered controversial because he wasn't even a knight, which was explicitly against the rules of the order. The Lannisters did offer to knight Sandor, but he simply refused, because he always considered allegedly honorable knights to be hypocrites. Ultimately, Sandor abandoned the Lannisters and the Kingsguard during the Battle of the Blackwater anyway.
Members of the Night's Watch officially abandon all previous allegiances when they take the oath to join the order, leaving no distinction between members who were formerly common-born or noble-born. The leader of the Night's Watch is therefore always called "Lord Commander", even if they were bastard-born or common-born, and were never "lords" in the first place. The Lord Commander frequently is of noble birth, but this is simply because nobles tend to receive better combat training from their castle's master-at-arms before they arrive at the Wall. As a result noble-born men who join the Watch tend to rise more quickly through the ranks to become officers, but this is just a general trend and not an official rule. Many bastard-born or even common-born members of the Watch have risen to command castle-garrisons along the Wall during its millennia-long history, and there are multiple historical examples of common-born men who were elected Lord Commander. Noble-born men who join the Watch are typically younger sons who would never have inherited their fathers' lands and titles, and were never the "Lord" of a castle and territory ("Lord" with a capital L: technically all members of the nobility are called "my lord" even though they are not a "Lord" of anything). Lord Commander Jeor Mormont was a very rare case, as he was the actual Lord of Bear Island and head of House Mormont before he voluntarily abdicated in order to join the Watch. Jeor did this because Northern Houses tend to have greater respect for the Night's Watch, and House Mormont in particular because their lands are so close to the Wall. However, Jeor Mormont was an exceptional case: a man gets what he earns at the Wall, regardless of his past, and most often the "Lord Commander" was never a "Lord", and frequently was never even noble-born.
|Former Lords Commander:|
|Castles of the Watch:|


Invalid or inconsistent configurations encountered when running Connectivity Tests
This page shows examples of invalid or inconsistent configurations of Google Cloud resources that you might encounter when troubleshooting your network with Connectivity Tests.
For a description of testing to and from common network source and destination types, see Common use cases.
Detecting an invalid configuration
There are many different types of invalid configurations; that is, configurations that are not correct or that have been updated and are no longer valid.
One example is a virtual machine (VM) instance that has been configured as a NAT gateway, but which has been deleted or migrated. In this case, the route to the VM instance still exists.
In the following diagram, VM1 in Network 1 should be able to access data on VM2, VM3, and VM4 in Network 2 through a VM instance named nat_vm_1. However, nat_vm_1 no longer exists because it has migrated to a new VM, nat_vm_2.
The configured route from VM1 to the other three VM instances still points to nat_vm_1 as the next hop. However, because nat_vm_1 no longer exists and there is no route to nat_vm_2, VM1 can't communicate with the other VM instances.
A Connectivity Test run fromVM1 to VM2 reveals that the traffic between VM1 and the other VM instances has been dropped due to an invalid next hop for the route to the other VMs.
An invalid route configuration for Cloud NAT.
An invalid route configuration for Cloud NAT
In contrast, in the use case for an inconsistent configuration, VM3 is missing a network tag, making the load balancer configuration inconsistent across the load balancer backends. However, the configuration for VM3 itself is valid because configuring a VM instance doesn't require a tag.
Detecting an inconsistent configuration
You can also use Connectivity Tests to routinely validate inconsistent configurations. These configurations might not be causing any current connectivity issues, but might unintentionally reduce network redundancy or cause performance issues in the future.
The load balancer is configured to send traffic to an external IP address of 35.184.176.28. The traffic to that address is distributed across three backends: VM1, VM2, and VM3. However, because of a missing network tag on VM3, the Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) firewall rule allows traffic from external IP ranges to VM1 and VM2, but denies that traffic to VM3.
The following trace from the allowed source ranges configured for the load balancer to the destination external IP address of the load balancer shows the intended configuration and the inconsistency. VM1 and VM2 are reachable, but VM3 is unreachable. Only the two backends are reachable because VM3 has failed the health check.
An external HTTP(S) load balancer with an inconsistent backend configuration.
An external HTTP(S) load balancer with an inconsistent backend configuration
What's next


text:
Farmers across Illinois and other midwest states are worried about their berries, peaches and tomatoes thanks to a newly arrived pest.
The spotted wing drosophila looks like an ordinary fruit fly but is way more deadly. It kills healthy fruit by making a tiny slit in a fruit's skin and laying eggs inside. In two weeks, a female fly can lay more than 300 eggs. So a couple of adults can become thousands in a few months. Lincoln University's Jaime Piñero says no soft fruit is safe.
"We're talking about cherries, peach, raspberries, blackberries, strawberries, blueberries, grape and many, many other types of fruits," Pinero said.
Since the larvae feed under a fruit's skin, farmers are having a hard time learning their crops are infested before it's too late. Missouri Grower Ronda Thiessen lost 35 percent of her cherries. "And so we had to stop harvesting because we couldn't get enough good fruit to take to market. You know part of our season was just gone." lamented Thiessen.
Thiessen says the fly has now moved to her peaches. She worries the apples could be next. The spotted wing drosophila is native to Japan but was first discovered here in California in 2008. It's since been detected across the country – including in Illinois, Iowa and Colorado last year and now in Nebraska and Missouri.
Harvest Public Media is a collaboration of WUIS and other stations focusing on farm and food.


PyChoReLib for Python 2.3
Why this project?
 - This projection was born out of enthusiasm
 - Enthusiasm about music and different ways to describe it using one of many music theories.
 - Enthusiasm about the Python programming language.
 - This project was born out of frustration
 - Existing open source auto-accompaniment systems typically specify chords using chord names
 despite lists of note names feeling more natural to me.
 - Not many people have open sourced their code to recognize chords --- or if they have, they hid it well.
 Many projects, on the other hand, have some plans to add chord recognition capabilities to their system in the "future".
 - The library provides in a number of classes which offer the following functionality:
 - transformation of a list of note names to a chord name:
 e.g. ['a', 'c#', 'e', 'g'] => A7
 Inversions are indicated using a slash and the root note.
 e.g. ['e', 'g', 'a', 'c#'] => A7 / E
 Chord recognition (for pragmatic reasons) ignores the difference between e.g. 'f#' and 'gb'.
 - Alternatively one can also recognize intervals. Recognition here does take
 into account the difference between e.g. 'f#' and 'gb'.
 e.g. ['c','f#'] => 'augmented fourth' or ['c', 'gb'] => 'diminished fifth'
 - Intervals and chords can be transposed:
 e.g. ['c','e'] transposed to 'f#' => ['f#','a#']
 ['c','e'] transposed to 'gb' => ['gb','bb']
 - For now, internally the library works with note names 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g'
 and modifiers '#' (sharp), 'b' (moll), 'x' (double sharp), 'bb' (double moll)
Current features
PyChoReLib in its current form is very much in Alpha-state. Nevertheless:
 - PyChoReLib can already recognize and name hundreds of chords.
 - New chords can be taught to the system "by example".
 e.g. teach the system that ['c','e','g'] is called 'C', and using its built-in music theory
 knowledge it immediately knows how to recognize and label all major
 chords in all inversions or (more generally) permutations.
 - Once chord recognition definitions have been taught to the system,
 they can be saved to file, allowing for quick initialization of the recognizer.
 - Intervals and chords can be transposed.
 - PyChoReLib comes with two demo programs:
 - tests the functionality offered by the library using Python's unit testing framework
 - real-time converts midi input from midi devices (ALSA for linux, MME for win32) to chord names
 NOTE: This latter program needs the PyPortMidi software package to be installed and running.
Planned features
 - Extending the chord recognition database with new chord patterns.
 - Build in more music theory knowledge to automatically recognize more chords, while requiring less teaching.
 (Based on matching notes to scales?)
 - Add functionality to suggest a scale which can be used to improvise over a chord
 - Extensions to the midiinput proof of concept:
 - a teach mode in which the system can be taught new chords interactively
 - a GUI
 - proof of concept auto-arranger capabilities
 - Add support for alternative note names
(As you may have guessed, I suck at web design, which explains why this pages loads so fast and displays properly in most browsers.)
Please use the sourceforge infrastructure for communication about this project.
There be screenshots!


A Good Man Is Hard to Find (short story)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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"A Good Man Is Hard to Find"
Author Flannery O'Connor
Country United States
Language English
Genre(s) Short story, Southern Gothic
Publication type Collection
Media type Print
Publication date 1955
The story was first published in 1953 in the anthology The Avon Book of Modern Writing.[1] In 1960, it was collected in the anthology The House of Fiction, published by Charles Scribner's Sons. "A Good Man Is Hard To Find," because of its publication in many anthologies, became the most well known of O'Connor's works.[2]
Plot summary[edit]
A man named Bailey intends to take his family from Georgia to Florida for a summer vacation, but his mother, (referred to as "the grandmother" in the story) wants him to drive to Tennessee. She argues that his children, June Star and John Wesley, have never been to Tennessee and shows him a news article about an escaped murderer called The Misfit last seen heading to Florida. The next day, Bailey takes his family to Florida anyway. The grandmother wakes up early to hide her cat, Pitty Sing, in a basket on the floor in the back of the car. (She is worried that the cat would die while they were gone.) Bailey finds her sitting in the car, dressed in her best clothes and an ostentatious hat; she says that if she should die in an accident along the road, she wants people to see her corpse and know she was refined and "a lady." The Grandmother talks continuously during the trip, trying to engage her two grandchildren in games and telling them jokes and a story, all of which they ignore with disdain. She recalls her youth in the Old South. She reminisces about how much better everything was in her time, when children were respectful and people "did right then." When the family stops at an old diner for lunch, she talks to the owner, Red Sammy, about The Misfit. He and the grandmother agree that things were much better in the past, that the world at present is degenerate, and she agrees with Sammy's remark that "a good man is hard to find."
After the family returns to the road, the grandmother begins telling the children a story about a mysterious house nearby with secret passages, a house she remembers from her childhood. This catches the children's attention and they want to visit the house, so they harass their father until he reluctantly goes through with it to let them take a side trip. As he drives them down a remote dirt road, the grandmother suddenly realizes that the house she was thinking of was actually in Tennessee, not Georgia. That shocking realization makes her involuntarily kick her feet which frightens the cat, causing it to spring from its hidden basket, onto Bailey's neck. He then loses control of the car and flips it over to end up in a ditch below the road. Only the children's mother is injured, the children are frantic with excitement, and the grandmother's main concern is dealing with Bailey's anger.
The family waits for help. When she notices a car coming down the road, the grandmother flags it down until it stops. Three men come out and begin to talk to her. All three have guns. The grandmother says that she recognizes the leader, the man in glasses, as The Misfit. The Misfit confirms this, saying it would have been better for them all if she hadn't recognized him, and Bailey curses his mother. The Misfit has his two men take Bailey and John Wesley into the woods, claiming that "the boys want to ask you something." After they leave, the grandmother speaks to The Misfit who says he's been falsely imprisoned for killing his father, when his cause of death was actually a flu epidemic. The Misfit mentions talking to a psychiatrist while in prison about why he did not remember what crime he had committed.
The men shoot Bailey and John in the forest, then come back to take the children's mother, the baby, and June Star for the same purpose. The grandmother begins pleading for her own life. When The Misfit talks to her about Jesus, he expresses his doubts about His raising Lazarus from the dead. As he speaks, the Misfit becomes agitated and angry. He snarls into the grandmother's face and claims that life has "no pleasure but meanness". In her growing confusion, she thinks that The Misfit is going to cry, so she reaches out and touches his shoulder tenderly, saying "You're one of my own children!" His reaction is to jump away "as if a snake had bitten him" and he kills her with three shots.
When they finish murdering the family, The Misfit takes a moment to clean his glasses, saying that the grandmother would have been a good woman if "it had been somebody there to shoot her every minute of her life." The story ends with the Misfit chastising one of his sidekicks for claiming that the family's murder was good fun. The Misfit tells him to shut up, that "it's no real pleasure in life." [3]
Atlanta resident with a wife and three children and his mother. He crashes their car on a family trip to Florida when he gives in to the children's wishes to visit an old plantation.
Bailey's wife
John Wesley, June Star
Bailey's children.
The Baby
Red Sammy Butts
Restaurant operator who agrees with Bailey's mother that the world is in a state of decline.
Red Sammy's Wife
The Misfit
Escaped prisoner who comes across Bailey's family after they have crashed.
Hiram, Bobby Lee
Prisoners who escaped with The Misfit.
Edgar Atkins Teagarden
Pitty Sing
Pet cat of Bailey's mother no one knows what happened to her ("Pitty Sing" is a character in the Gilbert and Sullivan operetta, The Mikado).
Gray Monkey
Theme of grace[edit]
A film adaptation of the short story "A Good Man Is Hard to Find," entitled Black Hearts Bleed Red, was made in 1992 by New York filmmaker Jeri Cain Rossi. The film stars noted New York artist Joe Coleman[11] but the film does not depict the story or its characters well according to most reviewers.[citation needed]
 1. ^ Gooch, Brad. Flannery: A Life of Flannery O'Connor. New York: Little, Brown, 2009, p. 238.
 2. ^ Ann Kirk, Connie (2008). Critical companion to Katelyn Smith. Infobase Publishing. pp. 74–78. Retrieved April 24, 2011.
 3. ^ _URL_
 4. ^ Desmond, John (2004), Flannery O'Connor's Misfit and the Mystery of Evil, Renascence, pp. 129–138
 5. ^ Ochshorn, Kathleen (1990), A Cloak of Grace: Contradictions in "A Good Man is Hard to Find", Studies in American Fiction, pp. 113–117
 6. ^ Asals, Frederick. "The Limits of Explanation." Critical Essays on Flannery O'Connor. Melvin J. Friedman and Beverly Lyon Clark, eds. Boston: G.K. Hall, 1985, p. 52.
 7. ^ Bandy, Stephen (1996), 'One of my Babies': The Misfit and the Grandmother, Studies in Short Fiction, pp. 107–117
 8. ^ "Means, Meaning and Mediated Space in 'A Good Man is Hard to Find.'" The Southern Quarterly. 44.4 (2007): 125-38.
 9. ^ Wood, Ralph C. Flannery O'Connor and the Christ-Haunted South. Grand Rapids, Mi.: Eerdman's Publishing, 2005, p. 41-42.
 10. ^ O'Connor, Flannery. Mystery and Manners: Occasional Prose. NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1970, p. 112.
 11. ^ _URL_
Further reading[edit]
 - Flannery O'Connor (1993). Frederick Asals, ed. A good man is hard to find. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-1977-7. Contains the original text as well as a collection of critical essays on it.
 - Jan Nordby Gretlund, Karl-Heinz Westarp, ed. (2006). Flannery O'Connor's radical reality. Univ of South Carolina Press. ISBN 978-1-57003-601-9. Several essays discuss the story in the context of Flannery's work as whole.
 - George Kilcourse (2001). Flannery O'Connor's religious imagination: a world with everything off balance. Paulist Press. ISBN 978-0-8091-4005-3. Focuses on the religious aspects of Flannery's writings, including those in this short story.
External links[edit]


text:
On a one-dimensional board with n + m + 1 cells, there are n counters in the first n cells representing Toads and m counters in the last m cells representing Frogs. The empty cell is represented by X. For illustration, if n = 4 and m = 3, then the problem is as depicted below:
T T T T X F F F
Toads and Frogs take turns moving. Moves consist of sliding a Toad or Frog into the empty cell or jumping over one opposing creature into the empty cell. (Toads cannot jump over themselves and neither can Frogs.) Toads can only move rightward and Frogs can only move leftward.
What is the total number of moves (i.e. jumps and slides) required for the toads to switch their positions with the frogs as depicted below:
F F F X T T T T
ALGORITHM: To solve the problem, whenever there is a choice between a slide and a jump, the jump must be made.
ILLUSTRATION: Consider n = 2 toads and m = 1 frog, then the algorithm could proceed as follows:
T T X F T X T F Slide T F T X Jump T F X T Slide X F T T Jump F X T T Slide
Hence, a total of five moves is required for n = 2 toads and m = 1 frog.


command mode.
Examples
In the following example, Router1 is a Working router with loopback address 1.1.1.1. Router 2 is the Protection router. The MR-APS circuit is a default circuit (non-revertive, bidirectional) identified as port group 1.
Configure the Working router.
Router1# configure terminal
Router1(config)# redundancy
Router1(config-red)# port-group 1 aps multi-router
Router1(config-red-port)# member port 2/0 working
Router1(config-red-port)# timers hello 3 9 200
Router1(config-red-port)# authentication squeegee
Router1(config-red-port)# end
Router1#
Configure the Protection router.
Router2> enable
Router2# configure terminal
Router2(config)# redundancy
Router2(config-red)# port-group 1 aps multi-router
Router2(config-red-port)# member port 3/0 protection 1.1.1.1
Router1(config-red-port)# timers hello 3 9 120
Router1(config-red-port)# revertive 200
Router2((config-red-port)# authentication squeegee
Router2((config-red-port)# end
Router2#
Troubleshooting Tips
If the interfaces appear to be down, use the show interfaces command to check connectivity.
Check that the ADM is sourcing the SONET clocking.
Use the show controllers atm slot/port command to obtain hardware-related information.
Use the show running-config command to display the configuration parameters of all of the commands that the current user has modified. The show running-config interface command is useful when there are multiple interfaces and you want to look at the configuration of a specific interface.
Use the show aps command to check the current APS configuration for each interface.
Use the debug aps command to check specific interface APS activity.
Performing Manual Protection Switching
The following commands are used to perform the various switch requests. These commands are again available only on the Protection router because that is where the K1K2 processing takes place.
Manual Protection Switching
In MR-APS, you can manually switch a channel signal from one path to another, or you can lock out a switchover altogether while performing system maintenance. A switchover from the Working path to Protection path is useful when upgrading or maintaining the system, or in cases where a signal failure caused a switchover. When the MR-APS circuit is configured for non-revertive operation, the system does not automatically revert to the original Working circuit when the fault has been corrected. The switchover to the formerly failed interface must be requested through the CLI. The interface originally configured as the Working path might be preferred because of its link loss characteristics.
There are three types of manual switchover requests:
Lockout requests—Have the highest priority and take effect regardless of the condition of the Protection signal. A lockout prevents the active signal from switching over from the Working path to the Protection path.
Forced switchover requests—Have the next highest priority and are only prevented if there is an existing lockout on the Protection path, or the signal on the Protection path has failed when switching from Working to Protection.
Manual switchover requests—Have the lowest priority and only occur if there is no Protection path lockout, a forced switchover, or the signal has failed or degraded.
The priority order for switchover are a follows (from higher to lower priority):
1. Lockout
2. Signal failure on the Protection path
3. Forced switchover
4. Signal failure on the Working path
5. Signal degrade on the Working or Protection path
6. Manual switchover
If a request or condition of a higher priority is in effect, a lower priority request is rejected.
Use the clear option to remove all manual switching requests. For manual and force, requests, clear only eliminates the precedence effect of these commands and does not cause another switchover.
Note Redundancy port-group groupID force and redundancy port-group groupID manual are privileged exec commands that take effect at the time they are entered. The commands are not written to NVRAM and do not appear when you display the running configuration.
Table 1 MR-APS Manual Protection Switching Commands
Manual Protection Switching Task
Command
Force the specified circuit to switch from the Protection circuit to the Working circuit, unless a request of equal or higher priority is in effect.
redundancy port-group groupID force 0
Force the specified circuit to switch from the Working circuit to the Protection circuit, unless a request of equal or higher priority is in effect.
redundancy port-group groupID force 1
Manually request the specified circuit to switch from the Protection circuit to the Working circuit, unless a request of equal or higher priority is in effect.
redundancy port-group groupID manual 0
Manually request the specified circuit to switch from the Working circuit to the Protection circuit, unless a request of equal or higher priority is in effect.
redundancy port-group groupID manual 1
Prevent a Working circuit from switching to a Protection circuit.
redundancy port-group groupID lockout
Clear all existing switch requests.
redundancy port-group groupID clear
Examples
This example manually switches traffic from the Working interface to the Protect interface.
Router2# redundancy port-group 10 manual 1
This example manually switches traffic from the Protect interface to the Working interface.
Router2# redundancy port-group 10 manual 0
The following two commands are used to force switch the traffic.
Router2# redundancy port-group 10 force 1
Router2# redundancy port-group 10 force 0
This example prevents a manual switching from a Working to a Protection interface.
Router2# redundancy port-group 10 lockout
This example clears all existing switch requests.
Router2# redundancy port-group 10 clear
Configuring Bit Error Rate Thresholds
The following commands permit the configuration of threshold values for raising SONET alarms. Exceeding the bit error rate (BER) thresholds will result in a signal degrade (SD) request or a signal failure (SF) request.
SUMMARY STEPS
1. enable
2. configure terminal
3. interface atm slot/port
4. sonet threshold sd-ber bit-error-rate
5. sonet threshold sf-ber bit-error-rate
6. end
DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action
Purpose
Step 1
enable
Example:
Router> enable
Enables privileged EXEC mode.
Enter your password if prompted.
Step 2
configure terminal
Example:
Router# configure terminal
Enters global configuration mode.
Step 3
interface atm slot/port
Example:
Router(config)# interface atm 1/0
Enters interface command mode. In this example, port 0 of the ATM line card in slot 1 is being configured.
Step 4
sonet threshold sd-ber bit-error-rate
Example:
Router(config-if)# sonet-threshold sd-ber 5
Sets the Signal Degrade bit error rate threshold.
5-9 (10 to the minus n)
Step 5
sonet threshold sf-ber bit-error-rate
Example:
Router(config-if)# sonet-threshold sf-ber 5
Sets the Signal Fail bit error rate threshold.
3-5 (10 to the minus n)
Step 6
end
Example:
Router1(config-if)# end
Exits Interface Configuration command mode to privileged Exec command mode.
Examples
In the following example, the Working router's (router1) atm interface is set to BER values other than the default values. The Protection router (router2) is set with the same values.
Router1> enable
Router1# configure terminal
Router1(config)# interface atm 1/0
Router1(config-if)# sonet-threshold sd-ber 7
Router1(config-if)# sonet-threshold sf-ber 5
Router1(config-if)# end
Router1#
Router1> enable
Router2# configure terminal
Router2(config)# interface atm 1/0
Router2(config-if)# sonet-threshold sd-ber 7
Router2(config-if)# sonet-threshold sf-ber 5
Router2(config-if)# end
Router2#
Monitoring MR-APS
The following show command can be used to monitor and verify MR-APS configurations:
show aps
show running-config
show controllers atm slot/port
show interface atm slot/port
Examples
Router1# show aps
ATM2/2 APS Group 3:working channel 1 (Active)
 Protect at 3.3.1.2
 PGP timers (from protect):hello time=1; hold time=3
 SONET framing
 Remote APS configuration:(null)
Router2# show running-config
. . .
port-group 3 aps multi-router
 member port 2/2 working
. . .
Router2# show controller atm 2/2
ATM2/2


The Art of Adornment: Avenue to Personal and Social Identity
E&I Program:
Distance Learning
Grade level :
6 to 8
In these teacher materials, students will learn and understand that definitions of beauty vary for different cultures and in different times and that works of art reflect cultural values. Also, student will learn how modern adornment methods relate to those used throughout history, including body shaping, tattooing, piercing, scarification, cosmetic use, and artful arranging of hair.


text:
Cloud Chart - 12195 - Learning: Science Earth Science Weather Weather Maps Charts Models. maps. models. Earth Science Weather. science. Weather Maps Charts Models Earth Science Weather. earth. chart. charts. 12195. cloud. learning. weather
Regular Price: $9.86
Today's Price: $8.50
Availability: Usually ships the next business day
Cloud Chart features 30 actual photographs of cloud formations taken from around the world. Each photo has a caption explaining and naming the particular types of clouds we see. Chart measures 25" x 38".


text:
From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository
(Redirected from Murad IV)
English: Murad IV (Ottoman Turkish: مراد رابع Murād-i rābi') (June 16, 1612 – February 9, 1640) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1623 to 1640. Murad IV was the son of Sultan Ahmed I (1603–17) and the Greek-born Sultana Kösem Sultan. Brought to power by a palace conspiracy in 1623, he succeeded his mad uncle Mustafa I (1617–18, 1622–23). He was only eleven when he took the throne.
This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total.


Supporting nonbreaking spaces in headings
I recently ran into some issues with some headers not being parsed by CommonMark and the issue turned out to be caused by non-breaking spaces. The current specification defines a space as U+0020 and the requirements for a header are:
a string of characters, parsed as inline content, between an opening sequence of 1–6 unescaped # characters and an optional closing sequence of any number of unescaped # characters. The opening sequence of # characters must be followed by a space or by the end of line.
The reason why non-breaking spaces sometimes get entered is simple: on a Mac you type Option+3 to create a hash and to create a non-breaking space it's Option+Space. This means that if you're still holding down the Option key (usually when typing quickly) and you hit space, you're going to be entering an character which is incompatible with the CommonMark specification. For obvious reasons it's impossible to tell the difference between a non-breaking space and a regular space (without breaking out a hex editor), so it's often hard to tell where the issue lies - other that knowing that something is causing your heading to not parse.
Is it at all possible that the definition of either a space, or a heading, could be updated to allow non-breaking spaces?
4 Likes
I'd second this proposal. For UK keyboards (and likely others) it's easy to create broken headings as '#' is Option+3, so if you are slow to raise the option key between '#' and 'space', you'll get '# ' which won't create a heading.
As @danielsamuels says it's pernicious as you can't visually tell what's going on. I had to break out hexdump.
1 Like
My concern is that this is really quite Mac specific?


text:
Latest research shows there are actually scientific reasons why children may be more sensitive to bitter tastes or have an especially strong sweet tooth. Researchers found variation in a taste receptor gene influences taste sensitivity in both children and adults. Age and culture also contribute to taste preferences and sometimes have a greater impact.
For the study researchers compared taste sensitivity and food-related behaviors across three genotypes of a gene that encodes a taste receptor responsive to bitter taste. They studied 143 children and their mothers, taking cheek swab samples and participants were divided into three groups based on their genotype of varying sensitivities to bitterness.
Results showed while more than half of participants with bitter-sensitive sites on their genotype detected bitterness in a certain solution, only a few participants who had bitter-insensitive sites did. Children also tended to be more sensitive to bitter tastes than adults. Additionally, children with bitter-sensitive sites preferred sweeter solutions than children with bitter-insensitive sites. However, the same was not true in adults.
In conclusion researchers say race and ethnicity were found to be the strongest determinants in adults' sweet preferences , thus they say that the forces of experience and culture appear to have overridden the genetic effect.


Parameters MLx Home | MLx menu | MLx buttons | Widgets | Index | What's New
Use Original 8-bit data
This sets the parameter that controls whether or not to make a copy of the original data that is in turn scaled for display. The default is NO, in which case 8-bit images are treated like other images, in that an 8 bit copy of the image is used for scaling and display. This preserves the original data untouched, and scaling operations can always be 'undone'.
If the parameter is Yes, and if the image loaded is 8 bits (unsigned), then the original image will be modified by scaling operations. But this saves memory for large grayscale images, and makes image display slightly faster, but then you might not be able to recover from scaling operations (without reloading the image).
In programming terms: The image window has an im_array, which is the original data, and an im_scaled_array, which is the copy that has been scaled to 8 bits by one of a number of means. If the original data is already 8-bit, and it is large, then it may be inconvenient to make a duplicate of the original data just for display, as this doubles the memory needed by the image. (Note - displaying the image requires a pixmap, which again is about the same size as the 8 bit array.)
Parameter List
This parameter list controls the behavior of MacLispix. It is automatically saved in the mlx_prefs.lisp file when Mlx quits, and restored when MLx is started.
Other similar parameter lists control the behavior of Widgets and special functions. You will rarely need to access these parameters directly via this list, except perhaps for the crop_bdr parameter.
This dialog gives parameters that can be changed by the user. Double click on one, or select several with the mouse (holding down the command key). Click 'Done' when finished. Here is what the various parameters do:
Preferences File
The mlx_prefs.lisp file a text file that stores the preferences list automatically when MacLispix quits, and reads it when MacLispix starts up. It is in the MLx folder (the same folder as the MacLispix application).


Arrested for Menacing in New York?
You just got into a loud, ugly screaming match with a neighbor. Incredibly, a few minutes later the police show up at your house to arrest you for Menacing. Although the crime of Menacing may sound ominous, the New York Penal Law defines it as "intentionally plac[ing] another person in "reasonable fear of physical injury, serious physical injury or death." Essentially, what this amounts to is the threatening of another individual by words and/or actions. The main difference between Menacing in the Second Degree (PL § 120.14) and Third Degree (PL § 120.15) is that Second Degree Menacing includes the display of a deadly weapon or other dangerous instrument and in the third degree it does not. A deadly weapon generally refers to a gun or a knife, whereas a dangerous instrument refers to any other object that can be used to cause harm to an individual. In addition, Menacing in the Second Degree is an A misdemeanor, punishable by up to a year in prison; in the Third Degree it is a B misdemeanor, with up to six months in jail as the maximum exposure.
A Few Exaggerated Threats Can Trigger a Criminal Charge
In our everyday lives, people often speak in hyperbolic or exaggerated speech, even more so when they become emotional or angry. Not to undermine the seriousness of these statements when intended literally, but phrases like "I'll kick your ass," "I could kill you," or "I'm gonna murder someone," are often thrown around as expressions of displeasure or frustration between family members, spouses, friends or even colleagues. The speaker may never have actually had any intent to cause bodily harm and certainly not death to whomever he is speaking with. However, often these statements can be taken out of context, especially if they escalate into a verbal or physical altercation, resulting in an arrest of one or both parties. Once the police are involved, whether there was a physical fight or not, these statements can be used against the speaker and can become the crux of the charge. Adding insult to injury, if the speaker is holding an object while making the threats, whether it is a cooking knife, a gardening rake, or simply pointing a pen or a key at another, even if there is no intention to use the object to harm another, that would be enough to legally make out both Menacing in the Second and Third Degrees.
The Credibility of the Accuser is Crucial
Menacing cases can be very easy to prove: the object used to threaten the alleged victim does not need to be recovered or even produced at trial. Witness testimony alone, if believed, could be sufficient to prove these charges. For example, if it is alleged that a victim was threatened with a gun, that gun does not need to test operable, it does not even need to be a real gun; it can be a toy gun and the charge would be the same nonetheless. Even if the gun was never recovered and produced at trial, if the witness testified credibly that she was threatened by the defendant with a gun, that would be sufficient to convict a person at trial of Menacing in the Second Degree.
Similarly, while Third Degree Menacing does not require a threat with any type of instrument, the prosecutor would only need the complaining witness to testify to the threatening statement and/or behavior of the defendant that placed them in "reasonable fear of physical injury, serious physical injury or death." As these cases are built largely upon witness testimony, it is of the utmost important that you hire one of the best New York criminal defense attorneys who can destroy the credibility of the prosecution's witnesses and provide you with the strongest possible defense – because while you may not go to jail if convicted of Menacing, you will still have a criminal conviction which could be seen by future employers, schools, etc. and can gravely impact your life. The attorneys at the Law Offices of Jeffrey Lichtman are known for aggressive cross examinations and can help you keep your record clean. Read our reviews and schedule an appointment to discuss your case today.


Maximum medical improvement
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Maximum medical improvement (MMI) occurs when an injured employee reaches a state where his or her condition cannot be improved any further or when a treatment plateau in a person's healing process is reached. It can mean that the patient has fully recovered from the injury or that the patient's medical condition has stabilized to the point that no major medical or emotional change can be expected in the injured workers' condition. At that point, no further healing or improvement is deemed possible and this occurs despite continuing medical treatment or rehabilitative programs the injured worker partakes in. When a worker who is receiving Workers' Compensation benefits reaches maximum medical improvement, his or her condition is assessed and a degree of permanent or partial impairment is determined. This degree will impact the amount of benefits the worker is able to receive.
Maximum medical improvement means that treatment options have been exhausted. Temporary disability payments are terminated and a settlement is worked out regarding the condition of the worker at this point.
External links[edit]


Tags » Pyrexia Of Unknown Origin
A case of Pyrexia of Unknown origin
Name: Halabasappa Sangayya
Age: 62 yrs/ Male
Religion: Hindu
Occupation: Clerk
Address: Kalwadi, Bijapur District, Karnataka State, India
Chief complaints:
 1. Recurrent episodes of high fever since 3 years.
 2. 230 more words
Spanish Influenza June 1918
"In the middle of June, during a stay at La Pierriere, the Battalion was ravaged by a mysterious epidemic, which claimed hundreds of victims before it passed. 459 more words


text:
SPOKANE, Wash. — It probably will not come as a surprise to many people that the hazardous air quality in Spokane is breaking records.
The air quality index hit 479 out of 500 on Sunday, according to records from the Spokane Regional Clean Air Agency. On Saturday, measurements indicated that number was 368 at its peak — which is still well within the hazardous range.
That's the worst air quality reported in at least two decades.
As of Tuesday morning, the air quality index is sitting at 322 out of 500. This is the fourth day in a row that Spokane air quality has been in the hazardous quality.
According to the agency, the highest number on the air quality index before the past weekend was 257 on Aug. 19, 2018. That year was one of the smokiest on record in Spokane.
The last time Spokane saw air quality above the moderate range was on Aug. 7, 2019, when it fell into the unhealthy for some groups category.
The data from the Spokane Clean Air lists every day since 1999 that air quality was above the moderate range due to wildfire smoke or other factors. The agency began monitoring these numbers shortly after the Environmental Protection Agency established a health-based standard for fine particle pollution.
On Sunday, the 24-hour average for air quality in Spokane was more than 13 times the health-based standard outlined by the EPA. For some added context, the 24-hour average in Spokane following the eruption of Mount St. Helens was estimated to be 100 times the health-based standard at that time.
Some KREM viewers have asked what happens if the air quality index soars above 500. Lisa Woodward, a spokesperson for Spokane Clean Air, said values above that number are considered beyond the AQI since it is set from 0 to 500. People should continue to follow recommendations for the hazardous category, she added.
In the current conditions, everyone should avoid or limit time outdoors, Woodard said.
Air quality in Spokane is expected to remain at unhealthy levels until the weekend.
Charlotte Dewey, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service's Office in Spokane, said a weak system moving through on Monday may improve conditions a bit but forecasters are not expecting any major changes. Poor ventilation combined with active wildfires will cause smoke to remain trapped near the surface.
Woodard said residents should expect readings in the hazardous range through Tuesday. Hourly updates from the agency are available online.
The better chance for improvement in the air quality will come on Friday and into the weekend when a weather system should bring the Spokane area some rain and begin to clear out the smoke, forecasters said. Air quality in Spokane may improve slightly from hazardous to unhealthy levels ahead of the weekend.
An Air Quality Alert was issued for all of Washington state on Thursday. It has since been extended through noon on Friday for Spokane and surrounding areas.


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I'm reading these online notes on representation theory, and I don't fully understand this:
Isn't $V\oplus(\bigoplus_{i\in I}S_i)$ a direct sum by definition, so we'd get $I=\{1,\cdots,n\}$? Can we assume the $S_i$ are pairwise disjoint submodules of $U$ based on how the lemma is phrased (or does that follow necessarily from them each being simple)? Intuitively, I feel the condition should be that $W$ as an external direct sum maps into the internal direct sum situated within $U$ in an obvious way, and we choose $I$ maximal so that this map has no kernel. Is this understanding correct?
share|cite|improve this question
I don't understand your first question in the last parraph above: I is maximal wrt that sum being direct, but somehow you seem to think that the sum of the n submodules $\,S_i\,$ is direct, which is wrong. And no, why could we assume the $\,S_i\,$ have trivial intersection (of course, they can't be disjoint). What they do is to take sum of $\,S_i'\,$s that (1) is direct, but also (2) the sum with $\,V\,T is direct. – DonAntonio Aug 5 '12 at 17:15
Take for example, $S_i$ be the subspace spanned by the vector $(1,i)$, for each $i\in\{1,\dots,1000\}$, which are simple $\mathbb R$-submodules of $U=\mathbb R^2$ whose sum is $U$. In particular, notice that in this example the subset $I$ you can take depends on $V$. – Mariano Suárez-Alvarez Aug 5 '12 at 17:17
_USER_ Doesn't the $\oplus$ symbol by definition mean "direct sum"? (And yes I meant trivial intersection.) Should I understand $W=V+S_{i_1}+\cdots+S_{i_k}$, and we take $I$ maximal so that each of $V,S_{i_1},\cdots,S_{i_k}$ has pairwise trivial intersection (which I am guessing is the definition of "direct")? – blue Aug 5 '12 at 17:24
Do not guess the definition of direct sum (you guessed it wrong!): look it up. – Mariano Suárez-Alvarez Aug 5 '12 at 22:27
_USER_, Mariano already told you should do, in particular when we deal with such a standard and basic definition. just one note more: no, that the sum $\,V+S_{i_1}+...+S_{i_k}\,$ is direct does not mean "each of these has pairwise trivial intersection". The condition is way more interesting and involved when there are three or more summands. – DonAntonio Aug 6 '12 at 2:05
1 Answer 1
up vote 1 down vote accepted
Your notes have a typo: the proof should begin "Choose a subset $I$ maximal subject to the condition that $V + \sum S_i$ is a direct sum." Of course, as you've noted, $V\oplus \bigoplus S_I$ is a direct sum by definition-but it might be considerably bigger than $U$, as Mariano's example shows. We can assume that the $S_i$'s pairwise intersections are either $0$ or an $S_i.$ If the latter case happens, $S_i \cap S_j=S_i,$ we know $S_i=S_j$, since otherwise $S_i$ would be a proper submodule of $S_j.$
Regarding your comments, the definition of direct is not that the summands have pairwise trivial intersections, but that each element of the sum can be written uniquely in terms of the summands. So $(e_1) + (e_2)=(e_1) \oplus (e_2)=V$ in some 2-dimensional vector space $V$, but $(e_1)+(e_2)+(e_1+e_2)=V$ while $(e_1)\oplus (e_2)\oplus (e_1+e_2)$ is three-dimensional and not in $V$ at all. Note, though, that these three modules have trivial intersection. On the other hand, if a sum is direct, this does imply the summands have trivial intersection: otherwise anything in any intersection can be written in at least two ways. It's just that these properties aren't equivalent.
share|cite|improve this answer
Thanks. I believe I understand what's going on after thinking about DonAntonio's comment and reading your answer. Just to clarify though, a sum of submodules is direct precisely when the summands have pairwise trivial intersection, right? – blue Aug 5 '12 at 17:37
Not quite-see my new paragraph. – Kevin Carlson Aug 5 '12 at 17:40
I see. Uniquely writeable does imply pairwise trivial intersection (seen via contraposition), but the converse is not true. – blue Aug 5 '12 at 17:45
Your Answer


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 Home > Travel Europe > Europe Destinations > Kerkini
Kerkini is an exclusive tourist destination located in Europe. It is a municipality in the Serres prefecture of Greece and is named after the Kerkini mountain range. The city has a total population of 10,037 inhabitants as of 2001 census. The growth of population is the direct consequence of the leisure facilities available in Kerkini that are much greater than in other town of similar size.
Greece, where Kerkini is situated, is officially known as Hellenic Republic. It is a country in south-eastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkan peninsula. It is bordered by Bulgaria, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Albania to the north and by Turkey to the east. The Aegean Sea lies to the east of mainland Greece while the Ionian Sea lies to the west. Greece lies at the juncture of Europe, Asia and Africa. It is heir to the heritages of classical Greece, the Byzantine Empire, and nearly four centuries of Ottoman rule.
Like some of its sister cities and towns, Kerkini is blessed with beautiful surroundings and a unique natural setting. The picturesque scenery, the majesty of the mountains, the slow pace of life, and the welcoming nature of its people all combine to make this region one of the most important touristic attractions in Europe.
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text:
RNA Scope Chromogenic - Analysis with Tolerence Check (BX60) - Manual Threshold.ijm
Script used to analyse chromogenic RNA scope using tolerance check and a manual threshold. Outputs two images images with manual tolerance check for each signal (blue and red) and counted as dots per signal. Outputs a composite image combining the two tolerance images and restricted to manual threshold selected by user. Results output as a table include threshold values selected, nuclei area, number of dots and number of dots per 10000 pixels of nuclear area.


Both, Boy Names, Girl Names baby nameAmita
What does the name Amita mean?
The different meanings of the name Amita are:
 - Hebrew meaning: Friend; truth
 - Sanskrit meaning: Boundless
The meaning of the name "Amita" is different in several languages, countries and cultures and has more than one possibly same or different meanings available.