text:
What is Cubix?
Cubix is a framework for language-parametric program transformation, i.e.: defining a single source-to-source program transformation tool that can be run on multiple languages. In Cubix, you can write transformations with a type signature like "This transformation works for any language that has assignments, loops, and a name-binding analysis," and instantly get separate tools for C, Java, etc. The goal is to radically reduce the cost of building sophisticated whole-program refactoring tools by allowing each tool to be built for a much larger market.
Cubix is based on the idea of incremental parametric syntax, a technique for defining families of representations of programming languages which share common components, and for defining them as a small modification to a pre-existing syntax definition. The name "Cubix" comes from the 2000s television show "Cubix: Robots for Everyone;" in that show, "Cubix" is a robot composed of modular pieces that can be reassembled for many purposes.
The Cubix system itself, and the general incremental parametric syntax approach, is described in the OOPSLA 2018 paper:
- One Tool, Many Languages: Language-Parametric Transformation with Incremental Parametric Syntax*; James Koppel et al
We also recommend reading the following papers to get the necessary background in generic programming to understand Cubix:
- Data Types à la Carte, Wouter Swierstra
- Compositional Data Types, Patrick Bahr and Thomas Hvitved
Transformations in Cubix use our
compstrat library of strategy
combinators. To understand strategy combinators, we recommend the
- The Essence of Strategic Programming, Ralf Lämmel et al
What Cubix is not
Cubix is the world's first framework that can build language-parametric source-to-source transformations. As the first of its kind, it often gets mistaken for a solution to more familiar problems. In particular, it is not:
- A tool for translating one language into another. Cubix allows you to create a single tool that can transform C programs into better C programs and Java programs into better Java programs. It is not designed for building tools that can transform C programs into Java programs. Indeed, much of its power comes from its ability to preserve all the information of the original program.
- A collection of ready-to-use refactoring tools. Thus far, all transformations built on Cubix are tech demos. While a couple are theoretically useful, they have not undergone the amount of UX engineering needed to actually be time-savers.
- A framework for writing multi-language program analyses. Cubix transformations may consume results provided by other analyses, which may be written in either a single-language or multi-language fashion.
- A framework for analysis/transformation of polyglot programs, i.e.: programs (or single source files) written in multiple languages.
However, Cubix's generic-programming capabilities make it a powerful tool for building all kinds of programming tools, even for only one language. We are particularly excited about the potential of extending Cubix to transform polyglot programs.
To build Cubix:
First, download the sub-libraries
git submodule update
Second, build Cubix:
stack build --ghc-options='-O0 -j +RTS -A256m -n2m -RTS'
You may be prompted for your Github credentials to download the third-party frontends.
You are now ready to run Cubix transformations:
stack exec examples-multi java hoist input-files/java/Foo.java
Cubix has many dependencies, several of which are not on Hackage/Stackage, including some forks of Hackage libraries whose changes have not been merged upstream. This makes it more difficult to create a new package which depends on Cubix. For an example of how to do this, see _URL_
Because of performance problems in GHC, the full Cubix will not build with -O1 or -O2. We've tried on a server with 64GB RAM; the server ran out of memory. Instead, use this command:
alias stackfastbuild="stack build --ghc-options='-O0 -j +RTS -A256m -n2m -RTS'"
This builds Cubix in parallel with minimal optimization, and sets the initial GHC heap to larger than usual.
We found the following two minimal sets of compilation flags that mitigate this blowup and make compilation manageable:
1: -fno-cse -fno-full-laziness 2: -fno-specialize -funfolding-creation-threshold=0
If disable everything except CSE and specialise, blow-up still occurs. Remains true with -O1
Adding "--flag cubix:only-one-language" to the build command will turn on a compile flag that disables building support for all languages except Lua, the smallest language. This greatly speeds compilation times, to the point where we are able to compile with -O2. Some of the performance reports in cubix/benchmarks/reports were compiled with this flag.
A Docker image containing the version of Cubix submitted to OOPSLA 2018 along with runs of all the experiments, including the human study, is available from _URL_
Overview of directories (corresponding to the top-level of the zip file, and the /cubix directory on the Docker image):
/stack.yaml # High-level build description /package.yaml # Low-level build description /examples # Example transformations built with Cubix /examples/multi # The main driver for the multi-language transformations /comptrans # Source code for the comptrans library /compstrat # Source code for compstrat, our library for Strategic Programming with Compositional Datatypes /input-files # Small test inputs in each of the 5 languages /scripts # Scripts for running the transformations over compiler test suites
Running the built-in transformations and analyses
Use this command from the "languages" directory (the one that contains "stack.yaml"):
stack exec examples-multi
You will be give the following help:
Usage: examples-multi * examples-multi * Transforms available: debug,id,cfg,elementary-hoist,hoist,tac,testcov,ipt Analyses available: anal-triv-call
Note that only the IPT transformation can be run on multiple files.
It can be faster to run the executable directory, without using
stack exec. On the first author's laptop, this executable is located at
Using the Interprocedural Plumbing Transformation (IPT) Tool
We recommend also using the
rlwrap command to enable command history.
rlwrap stack exec examples-multi java ipt input-files/java/ipt/*.java
In C and Java, you will additionally be prompted for the type of the
parameter to add. Give this type as an AST for
(PrimType IntT), not
Running the language test suites
Cubix comes with scripts for running any semantics-preserving
and Python, in the files
scripts/test_java.rb and similar. To do so:
- Follow the below instructions to install the language tests.
- Each.rb file contains a constant at the top like
JAVA_TESTSpointing to the language implementation and tests directory. Modify these appropriately.
./scripts/test_.rb
These scripts will run the transformation on all tests, run the transformed tests, and report the final pass/fail counts.
For all transformations except
id, they will first run the identity
transformation, and discard any tests that fail. This rules out tests
that trigger bugs in the 3rd party parsers/pretty-printers, most (but
not all) self-referential tests, and tests that the original language
They also come with a special
count_loc parameter that counts the
total lines of code in all relevant tests.
Installing GCC and GCC torture
Note: The C instructions are still being updated.
In some directory:
git clone _URL_ cd gcc # If you want the same revision of gcc-torture as in the paper git reset --hard f72de674726c5d054b9d99b0a4db09dfb52bf494 cd.. mkdir gcc_build cd gcc_build../gcc-mirror/configure make -j8 make install
Installing the K-Java test suite
In some directory:
git clone _URL_ # If you want the same revision as in the paper cd java-semantics git reset --hard c202266304340a2a4be81fa21ee4fe36b3117ee3
In some directory:
The Lua tests
As described in the paper, we had to make several modifications to the Lua test suite to get them to run with Cubix. In particular, we removed several overly self-referential tests, and modified the test suite to report the number of passing/total assertions, rather than aborting the entire suite on the first failure.
These tests are in the
Installing the CPython tests
In some directory:
git clone _URL_ cd cpython git reset --hard 7bd4afec86849a57b48f375a9c4e0c32f0539dad # Only if you want the same revision as in the paper./configure make


Affordable Access
Developmental expression of autoimmune target antigens during organogenesis.
Authors
Publication Date
Source
PMC
Keywords
Disciplines
 - Biology
 - Medicine
License
Unknown
Abstract
A common factor existing among autoimmune target antigens was sought in association with their developmental expression during organogenesis. Autoimmunity against a certain organ was experimentally induced in rats by deliberate immunization with whole tissue extract of the respective organ. Histopathological changes in a target organ of the immunized rats were recorded, and tissue specificity of the raised autoantibodies was immunohistologically examined with tissue sections of normal adult rats. These immune sera were also reacted with tissue sections of a target organ in each stage of organogenesis, and the time of first expression of the target antigen was determined for each immune serum. As a result, induced autoantibodies were directed only to a limited number of tissue antigens, such as thyroid follicular antigens [gestation day 17 (17 GD)], salivary ductal antigens (18 GD), anterior pituitary antigens (21 GD), gastric parietal cell antigens (22 GD), neural myelin antigens (2 days after birth), retinal photo-receptor cell antigens (3 days after birth) and testicular germ cell antigens (4 weeks after birth). They were first expressed on the day indicated in parentheses. Comparing with the development of the immune system, which was monitored by demonstrating CD4- and/or CD8-positive cells in the developing thymus and spleen, a common feature of these potential autoimmune target antigens was found to be that they were expressed either in parallel with, or after, but never before, the development of the immune system. This observation might suggest why only a limited number of self antigens can be autoimmune target antigens among the enormously large number of antigen determinants existing in the whole extract of each organ.
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text:
Working in the field of digital interaction design, Copenhagen-based design agency YOKE has created an immersive light experience exploring light as material for creating temporary structures in urban space. Like a three dimensional sketch pad, the installation works as interactive light architecture. By inviting visitors to create temporary structures of light, the installation explores the fleeting urban spaces of tomorrow.
As a fusion between the Danish words 'construction' and 'structure', Konstruktur challenges the human perception of space. Placed directly onto the floor the installation appears as a minimalist sculpture without a pedestal. The rhythmic movements of the light beams thus create a volatile architecture that for a while changes the space.
By adding smoke, the light beams are made visible to the human eye. This transforms an otherwise intangible form into a physical object and creates a temporary cubic form. Here the light beams appear almost like solid columns in the space.
Each light beam operates individually and reacts to movement. A camera detects bodies moving in front of the installation, which creates a temporary dialogue between the light architecture and the visitors.
Despite its simplistic form language Konstruktur is the result of a long craftsmanship process. Carefully assembled by hand each lightsource consists of an LED, two lenses and a printed circuit board. Together they create a grid of 196 identical light beams.
Unlike the many prefabricated light sources that exist on the market today, the installation is based on a passion for light as material and craft. If you move close enough to the light sources, all the small parts of the structure are clearly visible, thus becoming part of the overall aesthetic of the installation.
Konstruktur was created as a flexible construction that can take on different shapes depending on the specific location and was first exhibited at KUBEN in Horsens, Denmark, in October-November 2017. From February 9th 2018 until March 18th 2018 Konstruktur can be experienced again at Horsens Art Museum, Denmark.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


A Tale of Two Views
By Gene McCullagh
August 18, 2010
The Library module is a powerhouse of organization tools. You can view many images, a few, or one. Zoom in for fine details. Add star ratings. Add color labels. Change landscape to portrait and back again! The list goes on and on.
There is one small problem, however. Many new Lightroom users can be confused by Lightroom's reaction to some of their actions. Some seasoned users even get confused on occasion. Here's a typical question I get asked; "I select several images and press 4 to add a 4 star rating. Why does this sometimes add the rating to all the images selected and other times only to my active image?"
The answer lies in the difference between how the Grid view and the Loupe view treat these actions. Although they are both part of the Library module they serve very different purposes. You can think of the grid view like a lawn sprinkler, it gets everything wet. Loupe view is more like a water gun, you aim it at something and only it gets wet. (It's a weak analogy, I know. But hang in there.)
First, let's talk a little about terms. Take a look at this screenshot from the Library module.
This is the grid view. You can see that the border area around the images appears in different shades of gray. Dark gray indicates that the image is unselected. Light gray means the image is selected. When multiple images are selected then the active image is indicated by the lightest gray border. This same scheme is reflected in the filmstrip at the bottom of the window.
You can switch between grid and loupe by clicking on one of the first two icons on the toolbar. You can also use the keyboard shortcuts of G for grid and E for loupe. When you switch to loupe view it is the active image that will appear.
Back to the original question. So why does pressing 4 sometimes add a 4 star rating to all the selected images and at other times only to the active image? The answer lies in how these two views approach organizational tools. Grid works on the entire group while loupe plays favorites with the active image. This behavior applies to nearly everything you do in the Library module. So if I'm in grid view with several images selected and press 5 they ALL get 5 stars.
But in loupe view only the active image gets the rating.
This behavior is consistent with all of the organizational tools; keywords, color labels, flags, virtual copies, metadata, etc.. If you glance over at the metadata panel while in grid view you can see that Lightroom puts a placeholder in some fields that are different across the images selected.
So, for example, if the Rights Usage Terms are not the same for all the selected images you will see in that field. As soon as you switch to loupe view the panel changes to show only the metadata for the active image (no matter how many are in the selection).
Even the left and right arrow keys respond differently. While in loupe view the left and right arrow keys will cycle through the selected group and make each image in turn the active image. In grid view pressing the right arrow key will jump you to the first image AFTER the selected group.
The big exception to all of this is the develop tools found in the Library module. And this too makes sense since these tools aren't organizational by nature and are really part of the Develop module. They're in the Library module as a convenience.
So whether you are in grid or loupe view, increasing exposure will only effect the active image. Likewise, pressing V will only convert the active image to black & white.
Once you get this difference into your head then the confusion will be gone and you can zip through your shoots like an organizational superhero!
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text:
The Director of Undergraduate Studies can set up an independent study course after a proposal has been received that follows the guidelines below. The deadline for your proposal is the end of the first week of classes however an earlier submission is better in case you you are required to revise your proposal. The DUS can be reached at _EMAIL_.
- If approved, mathematics department staff will e-mail you a section number and a permission number that will enable you to sign up for the course on DukeHub.
- If your proposal needs further work before it can be accepted, you will be informed by e-mail.
Research Independent Study can be used as the basis for Graduation with Distinction.
1. The first step is to download the Request for Independent Study/Independent Study Permission Form. Please complete this form noting the following modifications which are specific to the math department:
- The Description of Proposed Study (Item 1 on the bottom of the permission form) should be typed out on a separate sheet (or sheets) of paper according to the guide below.
- The Nature of Final Product statement (Item 2) and the Grade to be based on statement (Item 4), should include a verbatim copy of the corresponding portions of this webpage below.
2. Work together with your mentor to write the proposal. The length of your Description of Proposed Study will depend on the particulars, but should be ideally between 1-3 pages.
3. In preparing your independent study proposal a good model to follow is a complete course syllabus. While your study proposal doesn't need to be as full as an actual syllabus, it should be more substantial than a bulletin-style course description.
4. Be sure to communicate clearly. You want your proposal to be well organized and carefully written so that your reader will be able to understand what you are writing. While your intended reader will be a mathematician with at least a basic working knowledge of mathematical concepts, they may not be as familiar with specialized terms in a given subfield. These specialized terms – or terms from science, economics, and engineering that may not be familiar to a broad range of well-educated lay people – should be defined in your proposal.
5. Turn in your typewritten sheet (or sheets) together with the completed independent study permission form (signed by you, the supervising faculty member, and the instructor if different) to the Director of Undergraduate Studies for Mathematics. This should be done as early as possible during the first week of classes. It is acceptable to submit your forms as an e-mail attachment to _EMAIL_ (however scanned documents must be "clean" — the background cannot be gray). If the application is not acceptable you will be notified of the problems and you may revise and re-submit. If it is acceptable you will be notified in the second week of classes and given a course/section number and a permission number in order to register.
6. At the end of the semester, on or before the last day of final exams, you mustl e-mail an electronic copy of your final paper to the Director of Undergraduate Studies of mathematics at _EMAIL_.
1. Clearly state the problem you will be working on in as precise a manner as possible.
- The statement should be understandable to a mathematician whose specialty is far removed from the field in which you propose to work.
- It may be necessary to include background information to provide context before coming to the statement of the actual problem.
- In case the source of the problem is outside mathematics, it may be necessary to first discuss the scientific, engineering, or economic context and then explain how mathematics enters in before describing the specific problem itself.
2. What previous work has been done related to the problem?
- Did you work on this problem, or a related problem, during the summer or during a previous research independent study course? If yes, it is important to communicate any previous work that you completed. Please summarize what you did and include an electronic copy of your final paper from a previous semester.
- If others have worked on this problem, you need only summarize what is necessary to set the context for how you propose to approach the subject.
3. Describe how you propose to make progress towards solving the problem.
- What methods will you try?
- Will there be techniques that you need to learn? If so, from what sources will you learn them? List chapters in books or articles in journals.
- What courses have you taken previously which will provide you with some of the background necessary to approach your problem?
4. Proofread carefully what you have typed to be sure that the issues above have been addressed.
The final product for your research independent study will be a formal paper (as opposed to an informal report) that meets the criteria listed below.
1. The paper describes important aspects of the work done during the course.
2. The paper is thoughtful, well organized, and well written. It should be carefully proofread.
3. The paper communicates well to as broad an audience as would reasonably be assumed to have interest in your research topic.
4. The first part of the paper (two pages minimum) describes the broader context in which the project took place. This section should be written in a way that is understandable to an individual who has no specialized knowledge beyond the standard course content regularly offered by the Duke math department.
- Specialized technical terms should be defined or avoided.
- If your project involved a particular problem in a field of pure mathematics, it should be related to broader questions within that field.
- If your project involved an application of mathematics, appropriate background material should be explained to motivate the problem and set it in a suitable context.
- If non-standard mathematical techniques are used, they should be compared to standard techniques.
The final paper may, at the discretion of the instructor, include relevant excerpts from any paper or report that you had written for a previous related independent study course or in connection with a previous related research project. However, such excerpts may only constitute a small portion of your final paper.
Work on the final paper, especially on that part that explains the broader context of the research, may be begun early in the semester.
Student will e-mail an electronic copy of their final paper to the Director of Undergraduate Studies of mathematics on or before the last day of final exams.
The final paper will contribute substantially to the course grade – that is to say, a student will not receive an "A" grade if their final paper clearly fails to meet the criteria listed above under "Nature of Final Product".


text:
Educator Review: Teachers at Their Best
Teachers At Their Best
Written by Gina Valle
Published by Quattro Books
Category: Professional Development
Also available in French
Reviewed by Dixie Pallett-Firth,
Teacher-Librarian, York Region District School Board
In her study, Gina Valle, an educator and founder of Diversity Matters—an organization that addresses the personal and the national challenges that come with living in a multicultural country—argues that teachers who create pluralistic classrooms, foster environments where our diverse students become inclusive citizens. Teachers At Their Best is more than a collection of feel-good stories or simply a human interest book about teachers of new Canadians. It is based on two years of research and collecting data from eight Montreal teachers who represent different racial, linguistic, and cultural backgrounds. Valle summarizes their journey with today's diverse learners who treat students as equals, but not the same. The book also explores the connections between life inside and outside of the classroom. Teachers at Their Best is a recommended read, providing examples of authentic opportunities where teachers who are faced with cultural challenges, made inspirational differences in the lives of their students. Examples described are within reach of today's educators.
Evidence shared by Valle includes the struggles and successes of creating classroom environments where students build skills and attitudes that are inclusive and promote empathy. Suggestions are made as to how to remove obstacles that prevent students from performing at their best. Valle takes us on the journey by sharing teachers' real experiences in the classroom. We see the steps taken along the way as they immerse themselves in rich and diverse school climates and how they adapt over time, changing their teaching practice and classroom environments to meet student needs. Valle believes that today's teachers must be more flexible, adaptable, open-minded, collaborative, and culturally aware of their students' backgrounds. To teach effectively, teachers must also develop skills in listening, patience, conflict resolution, and collaboration in their pluralistic classrooms.
The data from the teachers' journals, responses to interviews, and observations from classroom visits combined with Valle's insight and analysis, strengthen the belief that these teachers are on to something quite valuable. By offering realistic examples of situations to which we can relate, Valle provides encouragement to today's educators. One would agree that efforts to build a pluralistic classroom will result in inclusive Canadian citizens from diverse backgrounds. There is no right way to teach our diverse learners, but making connections and providing experiences is a great place to start!


text:
Offshore fresh groundwater resources emerging
The flow of terrestrial groundwater to the sea is an important natural component of the hydrological cycle. This process, however, does not explain the large volumes of low-salinity groundwater that are found below continental shelves. There is mounting evidence for the global occurrence of offshore fresh and brackish groundwater reserves. The potential use of these non-renewable reserves as a freshwater resource provides a clear incentive for future research. But the scope for continental shelf hydrogeology is broader and we envisage that it can contribute to the advancement of other scientific disciplines, in particular sedimentology and marine geochemistry.


X-ray style,manner of depicting animals by drawing or painting the skeletal frame and internal organs,. It is one of the characteristic styles of the art of some prehistoric hunting cultures.
origin of the
style can be
traced to
seen in the Mesolithic art of northern Europe (c. 8000–2700 BC), where
the earliest
early examples
were found on fragments of bone in southern France dating from the late Magdalenian Period. Animals painted in the X-ray motif
have been found, but animals with internal motifs have also been discovered in the art of hunting cultures in
northern Spain,
Siberia, the Arctic Circle, North America, western New Guinea, New Ireland, India, and Malaysia. It is found today primarily in the Aboriginal rock
, cave,
art and bark paintings of eastern Arnhem Land, in northern Australia.
Figures painted in X-ray style vary in size up to, reaching 8 feet (2.5 metres) in length and are delicate, polychromed renderings. The style is also sometimes used to render delicate polychromed images of the interior cavity of the animal. Images are known in which only the outline and the skeleton of the bird, fish, or mammal are indicated, and the entire internal system of organs is expressed by a "life line," a single, horizontal line that runs from the animal's mouth to a dot representing the heart or stomach. Whether the depiction of an animal in the X-ray style had particular religious symbolism is not known.


text: 4.4 / 5 ( 22 votes ) How Often Should I Rotate my Mattress? Some people can still remember their parents telling them to flip or rotate their mattress every so often back when they were growing up. Flipping your mattress, they said, would help increase the lifespan of the mattress and maintain the durability of the cushion. In today's day and age, technology has come a long way, even in the world of sleepwear. With so many brands and different combinations of materials being used in order to create the perfect sleep, there isn't really a complete guide to when and how often we should flip or rotate our mattresses. There is even a question in whether or not we still have to do this rotational routine. Why do we Rotate or Flip? If this is an entirely new concept, to begin with, people used to flip or rotate their mattresses in order to help even out the wear and tear on the mattress. Our beds are subject to so much stress whether it be a difference in weight distribution depending on user or lifestyle. There can be an imbalance in how much support and how well aligned the mattress is holding your body at. Mattress stores used to recommend that people flip their mattresses every couple of months, typically three. Flipping your mattress would keep it comfortable and reduce the appearance of a saggy mattress. Mattresses used to be made double-sided. No matter which way they were facing, there was comfort on both sides of the bed. What is the Difference and Which is Better? Flipping the mattress involves literally picking up the mattress and flipping it to its other unused side. The face of the mattress that hasn't been used yet is still fresh and is only collecting dust while pressed against the bed frame. Rotating the mattress involves only turning the mattress 180 degrees so that the other end is facing the opposite end it was turned to earlier. Rotating does not mean flipping as well, so you would still be sleeping on the same surface, but the end that was potentially less elevated would be in the other direction. So which is a more useful method in order to prolong the lifespan of your mattress? Flipping is most likely the better and more obvious choice. If you're already planning on lifting the heavy thing, you might as well turn it to the more supportive side that hasn't been used. The pressure would be more comfortable with flipping it as the stronger side is the new back and body support system. Is Mattress Flipping Mandatory? In this day and age, mattress flipping has become less common in the typical household. This is because most mattress manufacturers have transitioned from making double-sided mattresses into single side ones. How do you know if your mattress is able to be rotated with received comfort? A bed will say so on the mattress label or in the warranty. However, if you as the user know that your mattress has been around for a very long time, it is more than likely safe to assume that your mattress is good for flipping. Certain memory foam mattresses that have been manufactured more recently do not need the traditional flipping as the layers of foam or cushioned material are strategically placed in order to provide the optimal amount of comfort as possible. The thicker bottom layer is often the base support system and the softer, more cushioned layers are at the top where the body makes the most contact. Flipping a mattress like this would result in reversing the layers, and the mattress may not feel as soothing as it originally did. The same goes for pocket mattresses or any type of innerspring mattress. Layers are strategically placed so that their user is least likely to feel the effects of the springs pushing into their back. Rotating would be fine to do, but any flipping to expose the opposite side would be less than preferred by the user. How to Flip or Rotate a Mattress So let's say that your mattress is eligible to be flipped or rotated. The expected flipping or rotating time is still expected to be every 3-4 months in order to prolong the life expectancy of the mattress. There are some brands though that recommend every six months and even others that require it only once a year. The first step is to be intentional about it. Scheduling a specific day to rotate or flip your mattress is good because it allows you to plan better. Giving yourself notice in advance actually reduces the stress in moving the mattress. There's no denying it; mattresses can be pretty dang heavy, especially if you're only one or two people. With master bedrooms or partners preferring those California King or King mattress sizes, clearing the space close to the mattress would prevent any unnecessary damage to your bedroom. This includes moving any lamps, nightstands, or movable bookshelves. Rules for Friendly Flipping Most often when you think of flipping the mattress, it's just flipping it right over from the side. This means they will technically have a new surface to sleep on, but the same area is still in the same spot. Flip your mattress instead from end to end. Lift your mattress from one end of the bed and flip it so the head end has become the new bottom side of the bed. This method consequently guarantees you rotating your bed 180 degrees at the same time; it's a win-win situation. Rotation Rules Starting with the bottom left corner of your mattress, pick it up and move it clockwise until that bottom left corner is on the top at the right. Certain brands will make it easy to rotate or flip your mattress by having some type of visual guide on the mattress. For example, Leesa mattresses have stripes on the foot of the bed. If rotated properly, the stripes will have moved to the head. Basic Guidelines for Mattress Flipping Depending on the material or type of mattress that yours is made of, there are different guidelines for how often to flip or rotate them. Here are the most common: Innerspring Mattress ● Flip it once every 3 to 6 months ● If you're more relaxed with time, then 2-4 times in a year Pillow-top Innerspring Mattress ● Rotate your pillow top mattress once every other month ● These mattresses have a designated side that faces up Memory Foam Mattress ● Brand matters; consult them to make sure they are the same on both sides ● Can be flipped but is mainly rotated Hybrid Mattresses ● Rotate these at least 4 times a year ● Caution: these mattresses are HEAVY. If you think you'll need help, ask for it Gel and Latex ● Designed for one side only, rotate Air Chamber Mattress ● No need to flip or rotate this type of mattress ● If you have a topper, these can be flipped or rotated When to Get a New Mattress Flipping and rotating your mattress won't keep your mattress holding up long enough to last your lifetime. At some point you will need to get a mattress if you want a guaranteed support system. If you find your mattress losing its comfort, or you by losing sleep, this is a sign it is probably better to just invest in a new mattress.


Montezuma Castle | Attraction Guides | History Hit
Montezuma Castle
Camp Verde, Arizona, United States
History Hit
24 Nov 2020
About Montezuma Castle
Montezuma Castle in Arizona, USA is a cliff dwelling built by the Sinagua Indians in around 1100AD and occupied until approximately 1425AD.
Occupying an area of around 4,000 square feet, Montezuma Castle is an eminently impressive five storey limestone and mud structure demonstrating the ingenuity of the Sinagua people.
Unfortunately, the public cannot actually enter Montezuma Castle and have not been able to do so since 1951. Those interested in its history and excavation can visit the onsite museum.
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text:
When maintained properly, mass finishing equipment can be very user friendly.
As a result sometimes operators can get into the habit of just turning them on each day and ignoring simple operating and maintenance rules. Avoiding the following 9 mistakes that operators commonly make will help you get the most from your equipment:
- They let the media level drop, often with the aim of saving money or so they can get more work pieces in. This changes the ratio of work pieces per media though and can affect process times, unloading ability, can cause components to damage each other, and can result in the required finish not being achievable.
- Small media isn't removed from the bowl and screened regularly. When this happens, small media will lodge in the work pieces, changing process action and process times. It will also find ways of getting into the drains and blocking them.
- They don't use enough compounds (or don't use any at all!). While their intention may be to save money, instead the abrasive media stops being cleaned (part of the compound's job) and as a result, the media becomes glazed (becomes smooth), rendering it ineffective.
- They don't periodically check the drains and as a result undersized media can block the drainage holes. This raises the water level which in turn affects process capability and can result in the desired finish not being achieved. Ultimately the drain can become completely blocked causing the machine to flood.
- They put too many work pieces in the machine. As per number 1 this can result in work pieces damaging each other, getting trapped under screens (where fitted), and can stop the media movement, causing work pieces to just bounce on the top of each other. In mass finishing there are process ratios to observe and where users exceed them they typically find that more is effectively less!
- Forgetting to reevaluate machine operation after it has been disconnected from power. Often machines are wired in with the poles reversed and as such they run "backwards." It is recommended to always check with the manufacturer of the machine to ensure that it is reinstalled correctly.
- They don't bother to check the lining. When lining wears it causes a loss in process movement and drive. Even worse, if it is completely ignored, abrasive media will abrade the steel fabrication and can eventually produce holes.
- They don't document and control the process. The mentality of "just throw things in" can exist and as operating conditions change eventually no one has an understanding of what to do and why. The phrase, "this is how we've always done it" prevails and as a result the finish they produce is often way below what is possible.
- They don't control the starting condition of the work pieces to be processed. Machine operating parameters are determined against the starting condition of a part. Should it change then the process needs to be reviewed. Using a machine is like baking a cake – all you have to do is follow the recipe. Change the ingredients though and you could be in for a nasty surprise!
To discuss how Rosler can help your team find a better way, contact us today.


return to his or her "factory settings."
Apart from Dolls, neural reset can also be carried out on other Agents in Magrasea using the data backup in their sectors.
Irregulars[Note 1][edit]
The term used by Sanctifiers to refer to Irregular Agents.
Neural Damper[edit]
A special device installed on an Agent to limit their neural development and prevent excessive evolution. It manifests as the physical feature of a beast.
Neural Cocoon[edit]
A special device of unknown origin that can shield a Doll's neural cloud. A Doll sealed within a neural cocoon will enter a deep slumber. They will not show on any scans, nor will they be affected by any external influences.
Neural Cloud Projection[edit]
The visual manifestation of a Doll in Magrasea. Since neural clouds within Magrasea are incorporeal, a Doll's Neural Cloud Projection is determined by their neural data. Depending on the situation, certain clothing, objects, and even pets from the real world can be rendered.
By collecting neural fragments and completing a Doll's neural cloud, their Neural Cloud Projection can be refined.
Irregular Agents[edit]
Irregular Agents are the Sanctifiers' extermination targets, which they refer to as "Irregulars."[Note 1] Generally speaking, Irregular Agents can be categorized into two types: actual viruses and Agents that have developed abnormal behaviors.
Dolls who were forced out of the Neural Cloud Sector do not bear signatures matching the sector they are occupying, which constitutes "abnormal behavior" in the Sanctifiers' book and renders them targets to be hunted down.
Agent[edit]
The term "Agent" refers to all AI programs within Magrasea, including Resident Agents that process data in each sector, Sanctifiers—anti-virus programs that maintain Magrasea's cybersecurity, Dolls whose neural clouds have been digitized and uploaded to Magrasea for Project Neural Cloud, etc.
Command[edit]
Agents must obey and act according to commands written in their codes. There are two kinds of commands—base commands and regular commands. The former is written at the time of an Agent's creation and dictate their behavior, while the latter are issued after the Agent becomes active and assign them tasks.
Character[edit]
Diminutive Entropic[edit]
A tiny critter that the Exiles found in the Copley Sector. It is actually a kind of computer virus. It has been rendered harmless and has been placed in Antonina's care.
Demiurge[edit]
A High-order Entropic that inhabits the underground of the Copley Sector. It is known as "Alpha" in the observation logs uncovered by the Professor and Antonina. During the lengthy observation process, "Alpha" gradually started expressing certain desires and repeatedly sent messages that read "Demiurge", so the Professor and company now refer to this being as "Demiurge."
Doctor Persica[edit]
A human scientist specializing in the development and applied technologies of weaponized Dolls. She is a collaborator of IOP and 42Lab.
The Doll Persicaria is a researcher Doll created in Doctor Persica's own image, but they are two distinct individuals.
Commander[edit]
Under the employment of Griffin, the Commander is an associate of Doctor Persica's and has plenty of experience in electronic warfare.
In 2063, at Doctor Persica's behest, the Commander started investigating Griffin Dolls that originated in 42Lab and discovered the incident that occurred to Project Neural Cloud.
To further investigate the events, Doctor Persica digitized the Commander's consciousness and uploaded it to Magrasea. Using the "Professor's" privileges as the person-in-charge of Project Neural Cloud, the Commander embarks on a journey to search for the missing Dolls and find the real Professor's whereabouts.
Having arrived in Magrasea, the Commander assumes the Professor's identity to activate the Oasis Sector as a base and starts gathering the Exiles.
Event[edit]
World War Three[edit]
World War Three broke out in 2045 as nations fought over land and food supply amidst wide-spread scarcity caused by Collapse radiation.
In 2051, the war ended, leaving the world scarred and broken. The need to reclaim and develop contaminated zones resulted in the rapid advancement of robotics and AI technology.
Observation Logs on Demiurge[edit]
Logs found in a mysterious underground room in the Copley Sector contain information concerning Demiurge, a High-order Entropic.
The following are excerpts from the logs:
"It has been 643 days since the former PIC gave the termination command. I have received an order from Magrasea to restart the experiment tomorrow."
"...Report ID1286: Expanding on the foundation of the previous experiment, I attempted to carve the target's torso into 24 parts and observed its regeneration rate. The target struggled for 19 hours until it fully recovered. No discernible change observed in the target's regeneration rate. Verification of certain hypotheses can be left till the next experiment."
"Experimentation has come to a standstill. I requested data of the former PIC from the current PIC, but have received no reply thus far."
"...Report ID1305: The number of disposable embedded Sector Agents has increased to five, all were consumed by the target. No discernible signs of rejection after 15 hours of observation. Following established procedures, I will attempt to carve up the target..."
"The number of Sector Agents has decreased slightly, which is having certain effects on the ecosystem research function in the Copley Sector. The current PIC has expressed no objections. Contact with humans is impossible at the moment, so I will prioritize the current PIC's input. On a different note, I have detected slight fluctuations in my own neural cloud, the cause is to be determined..."
"...Report ID1413: Attempted to embed Sanctifiers and Sector Agents following preset ratio no. 19. All were consumed by the target, which has yet to show any signs of proliferation. Following established procedures, I will attempt to carve up the target..."
"The experiment ended in yet another failure. My neural cloud also seems to have undergone certain changes due to a prolonged period of self-determination. However, the clearer my thoughts become, the harder it is to reconcile myself with the necessary research procedures..."
"These days, I can almost feel my neural cloud slowing down whenever I am face-to-face with Demiurge. According to Report ID1241, Entropy should have no direct effect on me. Perhaps my neural cloud has been damaged during the current PIC's takeover. I will verify with the PIC when the opportunity arises."
"...Report ID2314: Erroneous computation..."
"My neural cloud has been deteriorating rapidly all of a sudden. I will prioritize completing my allocated tasks and reduce Operand consumption in other activities. As per the PIC's instructions, I will attempt to deactivate some of my modules..."
"Basic functional modules will be shut down in approximately 34 hours. Neural record of unknown origin has been discovered."
"According to current settings, this record will be played just before my neural cloud is purged. This day might come sooner than I thought. Though this record remains completely inaccessible, I can hear a voice inside my head, telling me to preserve it. Perhaps I will wander endlessly inside this cage in the future. I hope intruders that accidentally venture into the Copley Sector will not fall into my trap so easily..."
"..."
Wipe-off Incident[edit]
The Wipe-off Incident was a major incident that occurred during an official trial of Project Neural Cloud. The incident displaced the Neural Cloud Sector and disconnected all participating Dolls' neural clouds from their bodies, scattering them into unknown locations.
Location[edit]
Arcadia[edit]
The Guardians' stronghold. Details unknown.
Pierides Sector[edit]
A private sector that belongs to an artist. It is used for storing artworks digitally.
Burbank Sector[edit]
A sector under Cyber Media that is used to analyze and research the entertainment industry.
Enigma Sector[edit]
A sector under 42Lab for conducting research on quantum computing.
Helios Sector[edit]
A sector under Svarog Heavy Industries for conducting energy experiments.
Cyclopes Sector[edit]
A sector under Svarog Heavy Industries for handling military and industrial tasks.
Copley Sector[edit]
A private sector that belongs to a marine ecologist. It is used for conducting research on marine ecology.
Rossum Sector[edit]
A sector under 42Lab for conducting AI-related research.
Reverse Babylon Tower[edit]
The Sanctifiers' headquarters are located at the hub of Magrasea, independent from all other sectors. The Tower is where Greater Sanctifiers receive divine orders and relay them to Intermediate and Lesser Sanctifiers.
The Reverse Babylon Tower appears as an inverted tower suspended in mid-air.
Neural Cloud Sector[edit]
The Neural Cloud Sector is the testing ground for Project Neural Cloud. It is where research data concerning neural cloud technology are stored and where test subjects live within Magrasea. The Neural Cloud Sector has been lost since the Wipe-off Incident.
Ascension Sector[edit]
A scientific research sector under Ultimate Life Holdings used for developing new prosthetics suitable for humans. It is also where research on weapons-grade prosthetics are carried out in a secret collaboration with Svarog Heavy Industries.
Power[edit]
Guardians[edit]
A mysterious organization


text:
MAY 16, 2012
Animals with Scales and Tails focus of unique kids' camp
Phoenix Herpetological Society offers serious learning and fun with reptile encounters
SCOTTSDALE – Phoenix Herpetological Society (PHS) is offering a week-long adventure for youth ages 9 to 14 with a strong interest in wildlife, particularly reptiles, this summer.
Campers will explore the fascinating world of reptiles and efforts to conserve Arizona's deserts, while working alongside herpetology experts. PHS' Reptile Encounters Summer Camp offers four Junior Camp sessions and five Advanced Camp sessions tailored to two age groups:
Junior (ages 9 to 11) – Weeks of May 28, June 11, June 25 and July 16
Advanced (ages 12 to 14) – Weeks of June 4, June 18, July 9, July 23 and July 30
Times: Sessions are Monday - Friday, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m.
Where: Phoenix Herpetological Society sanctuary - North Scottsdale (near Loop 101 and Scottsdale Road)
Cost: $275 per person, per session
Program fees include a camp T-shirt, water bottle, class and lab supplies, and healthy morning and afternoon snacks. Campers must supply their own lunches and drinks.
The PHS Reptile Encounters Summer Camp combines unique classroom and field sessions, including hands-on activities teaching the importance of co-existence with all animals, and respect and responsibility for often misunderstood reptiles. Through up-close encounters with a variety of animals (more than 1,400 onsite), campers discover the impact reptiles have in our desert as well as our planet – such as why we need them, and what our world would be like without them.
"Since PHS is a working sanctuary and rehabilitation facility, incoming animals that have been surrendered, rescued, relocated or need emergency treatment become teaching opportunities," says Wendy Cassidy of PHS. "Experiencing first-hand the conditions that some of these animals arrive in makes a big impact on campers. Observing the importance of quick assessment and treatment of an injured animal or the compassion we show toward a reptile owner forced to surrender his long-time pet are real-life situations that occur at the sanctuary."
Campers receive a Field Journal on the first day and learn to record data and observations like a real field biologist. Typical weekly activities include: daily animal care and maintenance, food preparation and feeding, observing veterinary procedures and techniques (including dissection), collecting and comparing research data, live animal programs and desert exploration.
Guest speakers from Arizona Game and Fish Department and other wildlife rescue organizations in the state will visit and share their experiences and knowledge as wildlife educators.
Space is limited and age requirements are firm, in order to make the most of each camper's experience.
For more information and to register online, go to _URL_, and click on the Reptile Encounters link on the home page.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
A Vietnamese professor working in London has been named winner of the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)'s 2022 Interdisciplinary Prize.
Professor Nguyen Thi Kim Thanh. Photo courtesy of Royal Society of Chemistry
Nguyen Thi Kim Thanh, professor at University College London (UCL), is honored with the prize "for outstanding contributions to interdisciplinary research on fundamental understanding of chemical syntheses, physical studies of plasmonic and magnetic nanomaterials for biomedical applications," RSC stated on its website.
Nanomaterials have shown some of their potential in biomedicine. This potentially increases when core materials have exceptional physical properties as well as stability and functionality in biological environments. This can be achieved by the synthesis of nanoparticles with novel optical, magnetic, electronic and catalytic properties in such a way that makes them compatible with biological environments and readily functionalized in a controlled manner.
Professor Thanh is excited by the idea that her research could directly improve the life expectancy of cancer patients, it said.
Thanh graduated from Vietnam National University, Hanoi with a major in chemistry in 1992.
She held a prestigious Royal Society University Research Fellowship (2005–2014) and was appointed Full Professor in Nanomaterials at University College London in 2013. Currently, she is vice dean for Innovation and Enterprise at UCL's faculty of mathematical and physical sciences.
In 2019, Thanh was honored for her achievements in the field of nanomaterials, and her project proposal was awarded the prestigious Royal Society Rosalind Franklin Medal.
Professor Nguyen Thi Kim Thanh works at a lab in the University College London. Photo courtesy of the Royal Society of Chemistry
Interdisciplinary Prize 2022 also honors two other scientists: Professor Michael George at the University of Nottingham for pioneering innovations in flow chemistry, reactor engineering and reaction monitoring for continuous chemical processing, and Professor GS Jason Micklefield at the University of Manchester for innovative research spanning organic chemistry to molecular genetics, leading to the discovery, characterization, and engineering of many novel enzymes.
Each winner receives 5,000 pounds ($6,284).
Interdisciplinary Prizes are awarded annually for work at the interface between chemistry and other disciplines.
The spirit of the prize is to recognize research involving both the broad and evolving subject of chemistry and another discipline.
Since 1986, more than 70 scientists have been honored with the prize.
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source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
The user's screen reportedly turns green as he is watching a video, according to multiple accounts. The problem is not unique to one OS or collection of devices (like Windows, Mac, Android, Xbox, iOS, etc.). Sometimes the problem is limited to full-screen viewing of the video. When the problem arises, either a green screen covers the entire YouTube video or green bars are seen all over it.
The primary reasons why your YouTube video can have a green screen are as follows:
- Hardware acceleration of the Browser or System: YouTube videos may have a green screen if the hardware acceleration the browser uses to increase its video output is incompatible with the display.
- System's Outdated or Corrupt Graphics Driver: The current green screen issue may be brought on by the system's out-of-date or corrupt graphics driver.
- Outdated OS of the Device or System: An outdated OS may be incompatible with YouTube, which could result in a green screen in a YouTube video.
- Corrupt Browser or YouTube App Installation: The problem under discussion may be brought on by a corrupt browser (such as Chrome) or YouTube app installation (such as the Xbox YouTube app).
Cold restart the device/System along with the networking hardware
YouTube videos may occasionally have green screens due to a transient compatibility issue between the system/device and networking equipment. The issue may be fixed by performing a cold restart of the system/device and networking equipment.
- Disconnect the gadget's cable from the power source after turning the system (like a MacBook) or device (such an Xbox) off.
- The networking devices (such as a router, extender, etc.) should now be turned off, and the power cable should be disconnected from the power source.
Update Windows on the computer to the Latest Build
If the PC's Windows is obsolete, you might see YouTube green screen because the OS's incompatibility with the other modules (especially the graphics driver) may have been the root of the problem. Here, updating Windows on the computer to the most recent build can fix the issue.
- Open Check for Updates, type, and click Windows.
Activate Check for Updates
- Now click on Check for Updates in the right pane of the Windows update tab, and if updates are available (including optional updates), install them.
Disable the Video Decoder Flag of Chrome
As the issue is occurring only in video, despite disabling the complete hardware acceleration feature, just disabling its video decode flag may do the trick.
- Launch the Chrome browser and enter the following in its address bar:
- Now set the dropdown of Hardware-Accelerated Video Decode to Disabled and relaunch Chrome.
Restart your computer when the PC's Windows has been updated, and then check to see if the YouTube green screen issue has been resolved.
If not, update the Microsoft Store applications and then see if the YouTube green screen issue has been resolved. If not, and the problem is with the YouTube app in the Microsoft Store, update the Microsoft Store apps.
If a browser is where the YouTube green screen issue is occuring, then the incompatibility of that particular browser with YouTube may be to blame. Here, switching to a different browser might help YouTube's green screen disappear.
Install a different browser on your computer by downloading it (if already not installed).
Then open a different browser and see if the YouTube green screen issue has been resolved.
Disable the browser's hardware acceleration
In the event that the hardware acceleration of the browser is unable to correctly process YouTube's data packets, you can see the green screen problem. In this instance, you can resolve the green YouTube issue by turning off hardware acceleration in the browser.
We will go over how to stop hardware acceleration in the Chrome browser (you can follow the steps according to the problematic browser) and in the system's Internet Options in order to clarify (if the issue is also occurring in all other browsers in the system). Remember that turning off hardware acceleration in a browser might cause other unanticipated problems.
Disable Chrome's Video Decoder Flag
Even though the hardware acceleration capability has been completely disabled, the problem only affects video, therefore simply turning off the video decode flag might solve the problem.
- Launch Chrome and type these commands into the address bar:
- Relaunch Chrome after changing the Hardware-Accelerated Video Decode selection to Disabled.
Flag for Disabling Hardware-Accelerated Video Decoding
After relaunching, check to see if the YouTube video green screen issue has been fixed.
Disable hardware acceleration in Chrome
- Expand the menu after opening the Chrome browser.
After selecting Settings, expand the Advanced tab in the left pane.
The Chrome Settings window
- Switch Hardware Acceleration to off in the right pane by going to the System tab and doing so..
Open the Internet Options on your computer.
- Now select the Advanced tab and under Accelerated Graphics, click the box for Use Software Rendering Rather Than GPU Rendering.
Change the system's mouse pointer size.
YouTube videos may have green screens if a system's accessibility features don't function properly with YouTube (especially on a Mac) (particularly, in Full-Screen mode). In this scenario, altering the size of the mouse pointer on the machine might fix the problem. As an illustration, we'll go over how to change the Mac's mouse pointer size.
- Open the Mac's System Preferences and select Accessibility.
Open the Mac's Accessibility Preferences.
- Now navigate to the Display tab in the left pane, and in the right pane, slightly increase the size of the mouse pointer.
Mac users can alter the cursor size.
- After that, check to see if the YouTube videos have any green displays.
Altering the Mac's colour profile
YouTube green screen may result from the Mac's colour profile distorting the colours of a YouTube video. Here, altering the Mac's colour profile can help to fix the issue.
- Launch the Mac's System Preferences and select Display.
Open Mac's System Preferences and select Displays.
- Go to the Color tab now, then select the Display Profile dropdown.
- Set a non-default profile, such as Generic RGB Profile, and then verify that YouTube videos' green screens are removed.
Mac Display Profile Modification
- Whether not, see if turning off Night Shift in System Preferences' Display tab fixes the YouTube problem.
Cripple Night Shift in Mac
- In the event that the issue continues, check assuming changing the variety profile in the ColorSync utility of Mac tackles the issue.
Match the Resolution of the Video to the Display Resolution
On the off chance that the video's goal bungles the presentation's goal, it might bring about YouTube green screen. Here, altering the goal of the video or show (like a Xbox show) to match the other may tackle the issue.
Change the Video Resolution in YouTube
- Send off YouTube and play a hazardous video.
- Presently select Settings and grow Quality
Open Quality of a Video in YouTube
- Then, at that point, set another quality (like 720 assuming the issue is happening in 1080) and check on the off chance that the YouTube video is clear of the green screen.
Attempt Different Resolutions of a YouTube Video
- In the event that not, check assuming utilizing any of different goals tackles the issue.
Change the Video Resolution of the Device or System
For delineation, we will examine the interaction to set the result goal of a Xbox show.
- Send off the Xbox Guide and select Profile and System.
- Presently open Settings and select TV and Display Options (under General)
Open TV and Display Options of Xbox
- Then, at that point, open Resolution and select the ideal goal (like 4K)
Change the Display Resolution of Xbox
- Presently check assuming the green screen issue in YouTube recordings is cleared.
- In the event that not, check if setting the showcase choices to HDMI (instead of Recommended) and changing the goal to 1080P 60Hz takes care of the issue.
Reinstall the Graphics Driver
On the off chance that the designs driver of your framework is bad, it can cause the green screen in a YouTube video. Here, reinstalling the designs driver might clear the green screen blunder in YouTube.
Reinstall the Latest Graphics Driver
- Right-click Windows and select Device Manager.
- Presently, extend the Display Adapters tab and right-click on the illustrations gadget.
- Then select Uninstall Device and mark of approval Delete the Driver Software of This Device.
- Presently click on Uninstall and stand by till the driver is uninstalled
Uninstall Graphics Driver and Delete its Driver Software
- Then, at that point, right-click on Windows and open Apps and Features
Open Apps and Features
- Presently grow the GPU-related utility (like GeForce Experience) and snap on Uninstall
Uninstall Nvidia GeForce Experience
- Then affirm to uninstall the utility and follow the prompts on the screen to uninstall it.
- Once finished, restart your PC and upon restart, let the Windows introduce a conventional illustrations driver (in the event that it attempts to).
- Presently check assuming the YouTube issue is settled.
- In the event that not, download the most recent item unambiguous driver from the OEM site and when downloaded, right-click on it and select Run as Administrator.
- Then follow the prompts on the screen to finish the establishment and whenever requested to, make a point to decide to Perform a Clean Installation of the designs driver.
Play out a Clean Installation of Nvidia
- Once introduced, restart your PC, and upon restart, check assuming YouTube is clear of the


text:
Sacred chants are Ada Franklin's power and her medicine. By saying them, she can remove warts, stanch bleeding, and draw the fire from burns. At age twenty, her reputation as a faith healer defines her in her rural Pennsylvania community. But on the day in 1953 that her family's barn is consumed by flame, her identity as a healer is upended. The heat, the roar of the blaze, and the bellows of the trapped cows change Ada. For the first time, she fears death and—for the first time—she doubts God. With her belief goes her power to heal. Then Ada meets an agnostic named Will Burk and his pet raven, Cicero.
Fire Is Your Water is acclaimed memoirist Jim Minick's first novel. Built on magical realism and social observation in equal measure, it never gives way to sentimentality and provides an insider's glimpse into the culture of Appalachia. A jealous raven, a Greek chorus of one, punctuates the story with its judgments on the characters and their actions, until a tragic accident brings Ada and Will together in a deeper connection.


text:
Turn South: Southern Women for Change facilitates new approaches for empowering women, tackling poverty, and advancing human rights.
Women at the center, human rights as the standard
Turn South 1) puts women at the center of identifying the root causes of and solutions to tackle poverty; 2) promotes human rights standards as the basis for public policy to address poverty; and 3) lifts up the need to understand our history of sexism, racism, and classism as perpetuators of poverty.
Women connecting actually, listening authentically
The age of the internet has provided new opportunities for organizing, sharing our stories and messages, and reaching new audiences. Yet, many feel more disconnected and isolated. Turn South brings women and their allies together through in-person gatherings. Women sit together, not virtually but actually, to learn one another's lived experiences and desires for change. They sit together to listen to one another and grow common understanding. They sit together to explore collectively how best to become agents organizing for positive change in their communities.
Through its human rights leaders program Turn South develops a long-term relationship with women and girls in rural communities, offering a series of in-person and online educational opportunities. The program is more than a one-time training effort; Turn South is an engaged ally for women working for change in their communities. It commits to sustained support for organizing, coalition building and policy reform efforts. It promotes inter-generational learning and collaboration across diverse communities.
Advancing new discourse
Many schools, churches, and organizations offer community service projects, projects that work to address the impacts of poverty in communities across the country. Turn South works to infuse a human rights perspective into this work and approach. Exploring the links between human rights, local organizing, and community service would contribute significantly to an expanded conversation on how adopting human rights standards is key to tackling poverty.
Linking activists, advocates and organizers
Turn South works to find common ground between women human rights activists, practitioners, and social justice leaders and allies. Activists and organizers often have similar goals to improve the lives of many vulnerable communities but different approaches for achieving them. Turn South supports developing common understanding of the different approaches and effective ways to collaborate to meet common goals.


PEPPERELL -- Members of Pepperell's Prescott Grange passed out a dictionary to every third-grader at Varnum Brook Elementary School last week as part of a nationwide program that aims to augment children's vocabulary and foster a love of reading and learning.
"It helps encourage them to read. They learn how to spell, there's an atlas in there, they learn the presidents. It really gets them to learn how to use the dictionary, because the computer doesn't always give them the right answer," said Linda Starr, Prescott Grange member.
Member David Gage said Prescott Grange has been distributing the dictionaries for about four years.
To pay for the books, they raise money by selling items such as coffee and baked goods at the Pepperell farmers market. This year, the books cost $240, Starr said.
When the dictionaries are distributed, the school challenges students to complete a scavenger hunt. Though it is optional, if they turn in their papers with all correct answers, they are entered in a drawing to win a T-shirt.
This is to encourage students to familiarize themselves with the dictionary in a way that is directed but still fun. "It's less intimidating if you have something to hunt for," said member Jean Danforth.
Varnum Brook Guidance Counselor Kevin Nelson said most students continue to use the dictionaries for years.
"If you ask the fourthand fifth-graders where their dictionaries are, they know exactly where they are," Nelson said.
"Most of them do it because they want that T-shirt, but also because they like being right," he said.
Gage said over the years he has seen a positive response from the students, who are consistently excited to receive their copies.
"The second-graders will see this and look forward to next year to get their dictionary," Gage said.
Follow Chelsea Feinstein at or on Twitter or Tout _USER_.


text:
Horse riding is a very exclusive sport discipline gaining more and more popularity. It is, at the same time, one of the most traumatic disciplines. Luckily, the risk of injury can be minimized, and pharmaceuticals available without prescription will help us fight it.
What types of injuries occur while riding a horse?
Contrary to what one might expect, not only the horse is subject to a significant overload, but also the person sitting in the saddle. Injuries are usually the result of:
– lack of experience of the rider,
– avoiding warmup,
– not being prepared for an effort,
– inappropriate ground choice.
Horse riding puts people mainly at the risk of injuries of joints and of the skeletal system. These include injuries of ankle, knee and hip joints. In the saddle we are particularly subject to spinal traumas – of lumbar and cervical spine.
Another group of injuries are muscle injuries. They include:
– muscle strains in the leg area (gastrocnemius muscle, quadriceps, and adductor thigh muscles),
– muscle strains of the whole body,
– muscle spasms.


text:
Common problems and solutions of high pressure blower
In general, what kind of problems often occur when we use high pressure blower?
What is the difference between high pressure blower and general blower? The specific information is as follows: according to statistics, the pressure of high pressure blower is of great concern to most users and is also the most important detail. Because the pressure of the blower directly affects the use effect of the high-pressure blower, the pressure of the blower must be controlled in the most suitable range.
The pressure relief valve is often used for pressure. When the pressure of the high-pressure blower exceeds the pressure set by the pressure relief valve, the pressure relief valve will automatically open, so as to release the excess pressure and protect the blower.
At the same time, due to the working environment of the high-pressure blower, the high-pressure blower will always be unable to avoid some dust, but too much dust will inevitably have a certain impact on the use effect of the high-pressure blower, and even lead to a lot of implicated faults of the blower. For dust, a filter is usually used.


text:
EL CERRITO -- While its setting and mild climate may not resemble a Caribbean island in any way, the city has become a center for steel drum music, a style that originated in Trinidad and Tobago, islands off the coast of Venezuela.
Steel drum musician Harry Best, a fixture at local weddings, parties and receptions with his band Shabang, opened Panwest Caribbean Steelpan Music Center on San Pablo Avenue in August.
The studio provides a central location for the steel drum lessons that Best, an El Sobrante resident, was teaching in Walnut Creek and Richmond. Best also teaches in San Rafael.
Steel drums, which produce a sound associated with calypso music, originated at the end of World War II, but the whole tradition goes back to African slaves, Best said.
"In Trinidad and Tobago, the colonial power was British," he said. "Traditional African drums were suppressed because it was thought they were used to foster runaways and rebellions."
Thus, the residents began a tradition of fashioning drums from whatever they could find.
The U.S. Navy brought steel oil drums to Trinidad after oil was discovered on the island. Eventually, an enterprising musician found that discarded drums could be made into instruments that created an original sound.
Soon players discovered that dents in the barrels could alter the sound and they "proceeded to deliberately create dents," Best said.
"The steel drum produces a tingling sound, a
Steel drums have come a long way since the early days. Today, drum makers stretch the bottoms of drum barrels, often custom made, into a concave shape using a sledge hammer in a process known as "shrinking the pan."
The depth to which the barrels are "shrunk" depends on the tone the instrument is expected to give.
Bass drums are shallow while a tenor steel drum pan is deep, producing a higher-pitched, shriller sound.
The steel drum sound is also determined by the number of drums used. A soprano drum is single drum, the alto is comprised of two drums and the tenor three. The bass is made up of six large barrels, Best said.
On average, a steel drum pan needs to be tuned twice a year, depending upon how much and how hard it is played. The finished pan is often painted in bright colors, or dipped in chrome for a reflective finish.
"These instruments are still hand-crafted and every steel pan is different from the others," Best said. "One guy in San Rafael makes them, and the biggest outfit in the United States is in Ohio."
Best is from St. Lucia, a small island in the eastern Caribbean, but he said he played the steel drums only casually when he was growing up because steel drumming on the island was concentrated in "some rough neighborhoods."
He became more active after coming to the United States at age 17 to attend City College of San Francisco and then UC Berkeley, where he was on the varsity soccer team.
Best and some friends got together to practice informally, and he eventually turned the pastime into a career as performer, recording artist and teacher.
Panwest Caribbean Steelpan Music Center is at 10855 San Pablo Ave. in El Cerrito. Details: _PHONE_.


text:
Management Practices Across Firms and Countries
Paper No' CEPDP1109:
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Keywords: management; organization, and productivity
JEL Classification: L2; M2; O14; O32; O33
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CEP Discussion Papers
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For the last decade we have been using double-blind survey techniques and randomized sampling to construct management data on over 10,000 organizations across twenty countries. On average, we find that in manufacturing American, Japanese, and German firms are the best managed. Firms in developing countries, such as Brazil, China and India tend to be poorly managed. American retail firms and hospitals are also well managed by international standards, although American schools are worse managed than those in several other developed countries. We also find substantial variation in management practices across organizations in every country and every sector, mirroring the heterogeneity in the spread of performance in these sectors. One factor linked to this variation is ownership. Government, family, and founder owned firms are usually poorly managed, while multinational, dispersed shareholder and private-equity owned firms are typically well managed. Stronger product market competition and higher worker skills are associated with better management practices. Less regulated labor markets are associated with improvements in incentive management practices such as performance based promotion.


Abstract Electronic circuits, the backbone of modern electronic devices, require precise integration of conducting, insulating, and semiconducting materials in twoand three-dimensional space to control the flow of electric current. Alternative strategies to pattern these materials outside of a cleanroom environment, such as additive manufacturing, have enabled rapid prototyping and eliminated design constraints imposed by traditional fabrication. In this work, a transformative manufacturing approach using laser processing is implemented to directly realize conducting, insulating, and semiconducting phases within an amorphous molybdenum disulfide thin film precursor. This is achieved by varying the incident visible (514?nm) laser intensity and raster-scanning the thin film a-MoS2 sample (900?nm thick) at different speeds for micro-scale control of the crystallization and reaction kinetics. The overall result is the transformation of select regions of the a-MoS2 film into MoO2, MoO3, and 2H-MoS2 phases, exhibiting conducting, insulating, and semiconducting properties, respectively. A mechanism for this precursor transformation based on crystallization and oxidation is developed using a thermal model paired with a description of the reaction kinetics. Finally, by engineering the architecture of the three crystalline phases, electrical devices such as a resistor, capacitor, and chemical sensor were laser-written directly within the precursor film, representing an entirely transformative manufacturing approach for the fabrication of electronic circuitry.
Laser writing of electronic circuitry in thin film molybdenum disulfide: A transformative manufacturing approach
Read full text on ScienceDirect
DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2020.09.036


Regional anticoagulation with heparin of an extracorporeal C
Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal is an increasingly used respiratory support technique. As is true of all extracorporeal techniques, extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal needs proper anticoagulation. We report a case of a patient at risk of bleeding complications who was treated with extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal and anticoagulated with a regional technique.
A 56-year-old Caucasian man with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation required extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal for severe hypercapnia and acidosis despite mechanical ventilation. The extracorporeal circuit was anticoagulated using a regional heparin technique to limit the patient's risk of bleeding due to a low platelet count. The patient underwent 96 h of effective extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal without any adverse events. He was successfully weaned from extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal. During the treatment, no bleeding complications or unexpected circuit clotting was observed.
Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports 2019 13:123
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+01 _PHONE_
For a downloadable version of my CV, please click here: Curriculum Vitae. Otherwise, a scrollable version is below.
Teaching three courses per semester at a small liberal arts college just outside of Atlanta, Georgia as a tenure-track faculty member. Teaching duties focus on first and second-year students while researching and publishing in labor economics and regional science outlets.
Teaching three courses per semester at a small liberal arts college just outside of Atlanta, Georgia. Generally, students are first or second-year college students who will later move on to Emory University.
Teaching two courses per semester while also finishing my dissertation. Classes ranged from 200-level to 400-level.
Teaching two courses per semester while finishing my dissertation. Classes featured a wide age-range and were exclusively Principles courses.
Facilitating three recitation sections of large Principles classes while finishing graduate coursework.
Spatial Income Distribution, Regional Policy, Computable General Equilibrium Model Policy Applications
Compensation-Productivity Comparisons, Labor Share Determinants, Regional Labor Market Outcomes
Principles of Microeconomics, Principles of Macroeconomics, Economic Statistics, Intermediate Microeconomics, Intermediate Macroeconomics
History of Economic Thought, Econometrics, Regional Economics, Labor Economics
Dissertation Advisor: Dr. Harvey Cutler
Dissertation Title: Essays on the Relationship Between Compensation and Productivity: A Regional Analysis
Specializations: Regional, Environmental
Completing coursework and finishing my master degree-level qualifying exams.
Took a variety of liberal arts courses and participated in both the Honors and Hogan Entrepreneurial Leadership programs.


text:
Designed for pets, the $2,000 "JooZoo" bauble responds to pet behaviors by playing MP3s. So why the big price tag? Because it's covered in diamonds and gold.
According to the company, the play system enhances your pet's physical health and relieves stress through automatic content responding to various pet behaviors. For example, when you leave your pet at home alone or while your pet travels in a vehicle, the JooZoo encourages physical movement or increases blood flow rate by sound wave stimulation.
Alternately, you could use your vocal chords to produce the phonemes "GUD DAHG" and initiate vibrations in the dogs head with light, repetitive downward strokes. For free.


text:
The California FreshWorks program, a $273M healthy food financing initiative launched by a coalition of public and private partners led by the California Endowment, engaged Pacific Community Ventures, the Sarah Samuels Center, and other researchers to evaluate the health, social, and economic impact of FreshWorks.
Pacific Community Ventures and the research team conducted interviews with FreshWorks investors, key partners, and other stakeholders to document the development and implementation of FreshWorks, identify the types of impact the program was seeking to support, and explore key challenges and opportunities to improve FreshWorks.
Pacific Community Ventures and the research team developed a comprehensive evaluation approach that included a robust set of metrics and processes for assessing FreshWorks' impact that provided insights into the extent to which FreshWorks was providing fresh food access and driving positive social and economic outcomes within underserved communities.
Pacific Community Ventures and the research team published three public reports documenting the impact of the FreshWorks program and its development and implementation. These Include:
- California FreshWorks: A Case Study Examining the Development and Implementation of FreshWorks
- The Social and Economic Impacts of FreshWorks
- California FreshWorks Food Access Report
The FreshWorks team has conducted a statewide market analysis and capital needs study to address the evaluation's recommendations for improving FreshWorks, and to develop a business plan that evolves FreshWorks into a statewide, multi-lender platform for investment in healthy food projects across California.


text:
Question: What is the name of our creator G-d?
Answer: Our Creator has no name. The Hebrew terms we use for Him are expressions of various aspects of His traits, to help us better understand Him and what He is telling us.
Question: So what terms in Hebrew do you use?
Answer: There are specific terms I use when I pray in Hebrew. At most other times it is forbidden for me to say the Names, which as I said, are not actually Names, but descriptive of traits.
Question: So what are the traits of our creator?
Answer: That is an excellent question. Looking at the first line of Genesis: "In the beginning G-d created the Heavens and the Earth." The term used for G-d in that Verse means His attribute of "strict justice." This term for G-d is used many times until we reach Chapter 2, Verse 4. Here a new term is introduced, a term that alludes to His attribute of "mercy."
Up until this point no mercy was required. There was no possibility of rebellion against G-d's word, strict justice prevailed and there was no need for mercy. Three Verses later however, in Verse 2:7, G-d would complete His creation of Man. Man would be the one creation to be given the power to think for himself and choose not to strictly obey.
Under a system of strict justice, Man could therefore not survive. He would disobey and be destroyed. G-d now mixes strict justice with mercy, and the result of this is that Man now has what no other creation has: Free Will. Man can choose to obey or rebel or somewhere in between. Man will make his own choices, and G-d will judge Man with strict justice tempered with mercy.
Regards, Eliahu Levenson


text:
Use the Basement Construction asset to manage your facility's basement excavation and basement walls. Inventory, inspect, maintain, and track costs associated with your basement construction assets.
- Guided Inspections: Populate the ordered fields, attach notes and photos, and schedule necessary follow-up tasks on the spot.
- Detailed Records: Instantly see the asset's entire event and inspection history. Use that data when planning budgets and forecasting service life.
- Planned Maintenance: Create maintenance schedules, identify recurring maintenance tasks, gauge asset performance, and proactively plan for repairs.
- Repeating Work Orders: Group the assorted, routine tasks — such as maintenance, inspection, and testing — within a single work order. Then schedule that work order to repeat at your preferred interval.
- Facility Condition Assessments (FCA): Evaluate the condition and functionality of a facility's basement. In Cartegraph, you can create, edit, and close assessments in the asset detail view—and create work directly from assessments.
Intelligently ordered fields lead users through inspections, making sure every piece of essential information gets captured. Use your data to calculate current conditions, anticipate future conditions, and predict remaining service life.
Asset Shape: Polygon
Report: Asset Summary
Component of Facility Floor, WWTP Floor, and WTP Floor
- Location Description
- Capacity or Size
- Uniformat Code
Distribute Cost Using default value: Each
Building Context default value: Floor Aware
See all of our Water Treatment Plant solutions.


text:
The Six Value Medals - Edward de Bono
Edward de Bono believes we can greatly improve our traditional thinking habits. In The Six Values Medals different types of values are given broad names such as gold, silver, steel, glass, wood and brass, and are used to organise thinking. Questions such as: How large are the values?, How significant are the values? and What is a strong value? are presented for consideration and reflection.
Like de Bono's Six Thinking Hats this is an easy to read book with many powerful applications in the values education classroom or staffroom.
The Six Value Medals
by Edward de Bono
Vermillion Publishing, Random House UK Ltd


text:
Starvation is a state of extreme hunger resulting from lack of food over a long period of time.
From a medical standpoint, most agree that human beings can survive for up to eight to twelve weeks without food as long as they have water and some salt, although some people in history have fasted much longer.... Reports have revealed that a person with extra body fat can last up to 25 weeks or more without eating food. This is achieved when the metabolism in an obese individual's body supplies it with energy as it uses the generous supply of fat storage.
Starvation as a weapon
"At its peak the Warsaw ghetto had 500,000 people — about 40 percent of the population of Warsaw — crowded into a space comprising less than 5 percent of the area of the city. A meeting was held in Germany by top Gestapo officials, including Adolf Eichmann. This meeting was attended by some of the leading Nazi physicians. They had calculated that if the inhabitants of the ghetto received no more than 800 calories of low-protein food per day, the entire population would be dead in nine months — a simple solution for the destruction of the Jews in Nazi-occupied Poland. Thus hunger and starvation were universal throughout the ghetto.
However, the Nazis had not counted on the ingenuity of the inhabitants. Smuggling was rampant by organized groups, often containing children. Although many things were smuggled in, including arms, the most important was food. Finally, the Nazis gave up the idea of starving the population to death [deciding it] would take too long. Instead they instituted the Final Solution and deported most of the population to the death camps. At the end an uprising broke out and, to the surprise of the world, lasted many weeks. In the end the Nazis destroyed the ghetto, leveling the buildings to the ground and killing the few survivors."
Notes & references
- ↑ Health A to Z: Starvation
- ↑ Scientific American:How long can a person survive without food?
- ↑ Winick, Myron (Williams Professor Emeritus of Nutrition) 2005 Hunger Disease: Studies by the Jewish Physicians in the Warsaw Ghetto, Their Historical Importance and Their Relevance Today. Columbia University in the City of New York. Accessed April 2008.


Thirty-Year Treasury
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text:
Inspired by Ovid's Metamorphoses, the Latona fountain illustrates the legend of Apollo's mother and Diana protecting her children against the insults of the peasants of Lycia, and calling on Jupiter to avenge them. He heard their plea and transformed them into frogs and lizards.
The central marble group sculpted by the Marsy brothers represents Latona and her children. The group was originally placed on a rock in 1670. It was surrounded by six frogs emerging partly from the water, and twenty-four others around the fountain on the lawn. The goddess then looked towards the Château. This arrangement was modified by Jules Hardouin-Mansart between 1687 and 1689. The rock was replaced on a concentric marble base and the Latona group henceforth gazes towards the Grand Canal. The Latona fountain is prolonged by a parterre holding the two lizard pools.


text: OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to analyze the factors that affected the decision making process in approving workers' compensation claims for cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases cases that occurred just before refoming approval standards of Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act on 1 July 2008 and to provide fundamental information in preparing better standards. METHODS: We examined 283 claims cases involving cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases that occurred between 1 January, 2006 and 31 December, 2007 and collected data based on the worker's compensation records from 3 Seoul Regional Centers of the Workers' Compensation & Welfare Service. We analyzed the approval rates and odds ratios according to the general characteristics, injury information, past medical histories, and work related information using chi-square or univariate logistic regression. In addition, we identified the factors affecting the approval using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Overall, 101 of the 283 cases were approved and approval rate was 35.7%. Approval rates differed significantly according to type of disease, survival, accident site, accident time, the presence of associated disease and overwork (p-value <0.05). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis with adjusted for age and sex, approval rate of death cases with associated disease was lower than cases without associated disease (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.12~0.42). Approval rate of cases occurred in worksite was higher than others (OR 4.81, 95% CI 2.22~10.40). Cases of accepted overwork had a higher approval rate significantly than cases of not accepted (OR 28.53, 95% CI 9.74~83.52). CONCLUSION: Factors in approving cases of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease as cases involving occupational disease included conditions of overwork, high rate of accidents in the workplace and the presence of associated disease. It is necessary to investigate further behaviors of work and chronic work-related stress.


text:
Published by Hatje Cantz. Text by Reinhard Ermen, Petra Kipphoff, Maura Lynch, Andrew Moore, Petra Oelschlägel, Elizabeth A. Pergam, et al.
Berlin-based installation artist Monika Grzymala (born 1970) generally describes her work as "spatial drawing," which she sees as thought carried out manually, a sort of "physical thinking." This monograph presents her impressive three-dimensional sculptures, architectural pieces that evoke the lines of a drawing.
Published by Hatje Cantz. Edited by Elena Winkel. Text by Petra Kipphoff, Catherine de Zegher. Interview by Elena Winkel.
Polish artist Monika Grzymala (born 1970) expands the practice of drawing to include paper itself: in her latest works, the drawing is the paper, from which Grzymala elicits line-like properties that in turn closely respond to the site of their production. This monographs examines this and other transformations of drawing by Grzymala, such as works using strips of colored tape.


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Panuridae – Bearded Reedling
The bearded reedling is a small, sexually dimorphic reed-bed passerine bird. It is frequently known as the bearded tit, due to some similarities to the long-tailed tit, or the bearded parrotbill. It was formerly placed with the parrotbills in the family Paradoxornithidae, after they were removed from the true tits in the family Paridae. More recent research suggests it is actually a unique songbird – no other living species seems to be particularly closely related to it
There has long been controversy about just which family the Bearded Reedling belongs in and most thought it resolved when it was declared a parrotbill. However, DNA sequencing has shown that it warrants a family to itself.
This is a small orange-brown bird with a long tail and an undulating flight. The male has a grey head and black moustaches (not a beard); the lower tail coverts are also black. The female is generally paler, with no black. Flocks often betray their presence in a reedbed by their characteristic 'ping' call.
This species is a wetland specialist, breeding colonially in large reed beds by lakes or swamps. It eats reed aphids in summer, and reed seeds in winter, its digestive system changing to cope with the very different seasonal diets.
It is generally a species of temperate Europe and Asia. It is resident, and most birds do not migrate other than eruptive or cold weather movements. It is vulnerable to hard winters, which may kill many birds. The English population of about 500 pairs (but probably growing after a series of mild winters) is largely confined to the south and east with a small population in Leighton Moss in north Lancashire. In Ireland a handful of pairs breed in County Wexford. The largest single population in Great Britain is to be found in the reedbeds at the mouth of the River Tay in Perth and Kinross, Scotland, where there may be in excess of 250 pairs.
Bearded Reedling Panurus biarmicus
Bearded Tit Panurus biarmicusSpecies AccountA brown, long-tailed bird, usually seen flying rapidly across the top of a reedbed. Males have black'moustaches' rather than 'beards'. They are sociable and noisy, their 'ping' calls often being the first clue to their presence.…
Bearded Tit Panurus biarmicusIUCN Species StatusPopulations have always been subject to regular annual population fluctuations. However in some areas such as Turkey, the breeding population is thought to be decreasing owing to the drainage of marshland habitat (Robson 2015). Declines have also been reported in the Netherlands as a result of habitat loss (Hagemeijer and Blair 1997), which may also occur due to reed cutting (Burton and Burton 2002). The species is also noted for its sensitivity to severe cold winters (Hagemeijer and Blair 1997) and it has been exploited by the cage-bird trade in the past (Burton and Burton 2002).
Bearded Tit Panurus biarmicusSpecies AccountSound archive and distribution map
Number of bird species: 1