text:
Stewardship Group Offers Gardening Gift as Part of "Apply Responsibly" Public Awareness Campaign to Protect State's Urban Waterways
SACRAMENTO, Calif. (May 3, 2010) – Want to prove you're a conscientious gardener and homeowner when it comes to using outdoor insecticides?
Thought so. That's why an industry stewardship group today announced it has launched a simple online quiz California consumers to test basic knowledge about responsibly applying products commonly used to control outdoor pests.
"This online quiz and gift giveaway represents a fun, easy and we hope effective way to educate Californians with basic information they can use to protect our environment," said Fred Pearson, chairman of the Urban Pyrethroid Stewardship, an industry alliance promoting the second annual spring "Apply Responsibly" campaign. "There is growing concern about urban runoff into California's creeks, rivers and other waterways."
The stewardship group, comprised of leading pesticide industry companies, was established in 2008 with the goal of better informing California consumers about the important link between responsible pesticide use and safeguarding the state's water and the environment. Last year's Apply Responsibly effort reached millions of Californians through media, advertising and community partnerships.
"We recognize and appreciate the different options available for controlling pests, including organic methods," said Pearson. "But for the millions of consumers who choose to use pesticides, it's absolutely critical they know how to handle, store and dispose of them properly."
In addition to the online quiz, the stewardship program is promoting Apply Responsibly messages through advertising, public radio underwriting, mainstream media – all aimed at driving people to the _URL_ web site. The group is also continuing to make informational brochures available to garden clubs, nurseries and any other organization interested in helping raise pesticide awareness among California gardeners and homeowners.
Apply Responsibly reinforces many existing guidelines and established best practices, including, recommendations that consumers:
- Use, store and dispose of unused pesticides according to the instructions on the product label
- Never pour any leftover pesticides down the sink, toilet, sewer or storm drain.
- Don't stockpile pesticides. Buy only enough for one season
- Consider ready-to-use pesticides rather than products that need to be mixed if only a small area needs to be treated
In addition to raising awareness about pesticides in general, the program also seeks to educate homeowners and gardeners about "pyrethroids."
Insecticides with pyrethroids are used to control a wide range of insects that can infest gardens and enter the home. Chances are most consumers are probably using a pyrethroid if they have purchased consumer pesticide products intended to control mosquitoes, caterpillars, ants, spiders, garden worms, wasps, cockroaches, aphids and other insects that threaten plants, home or health.
"Like any other pesticide, those containing pyrethroids should be handled in strict accordance with the label," said Pearson. "We all lead busy lives, but it is critical we take a moment to follow product instructions and become responsible consumers."
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text:
The Parliament Palace, Bucharest, Romania
> It is the world's largest palace.
> It is permanently open to public.
> It is the most important project of Nicolae Ceausescu.
> The Museum of Contemporary Art is located inside.
> As well as the Museum of Socialist Realism.
It is the world's largest palace, and, according to the Guinness Book of World Records, it is the largest civilian administrative building, and the world's heaviest building.
The Palace of the Parliament (Romanian: Palatul Parlamentului) in Bucharest, Romania is a multi-purpose building hostin the Romanian Parliament. The Palace was designed and nearly completed by the Ceausescu regime as the seat of political and administrative power. Most Romanians call it the People's House (Casa Poporului).
The Palace measures 270m by 240m, 86 m high, and 92 m under ground. It has 330.000 m2, 1,100 rooms, it is 12 stories tall, with 8 additional underground levels. 7 sq.km of the old Bucharest had to be demolished, including 19 Orthodox Christian churches, six Jewish synagogues, 11 Protestant churches and 30,000 residences. 20.000 workers working three shifts contributed and the estimated cost is around 3 billion euro. The structure combines elements and motifs from multiple sources, in an eclectic neoclassical architectural style. The building is constructed entirely of materials of Romanian origin. Estimates of the materials used include one million cubic meters of marble from Transylvania, most from Ruschita; 3,500 tonnes of crystal 2,800 chandeliers, embroideries and passementeries in silver and gold.
Construction began in 1983; At the time of Nicolae Ceausescu's 1989 overthrow and execution, the building structure and design were complete. Subsequently, many of the furnishings were never installed and the last three basement levels were never finished. Since 1997, the building has housed the Parliament. In 2008, the Palace hosted the 20th NATO summit.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Case study: Map'n Track Friends
One of the applications created is called "Map'n Track Friends" which is a location-based service application that allows users to share their location trajectory authorized persons. Figure 4 shows a person lets his two friends know his location. One of the advantages of PLASH platform is able to support different types of mobile devices without changing of application logic or server software. Server software of Map'n Track Friends simply uses authorization control services (e.g., register, login or logout, change and lookup password, or sent notification to users) provided in Service Layer to authenticate users. In Map'n Track Friends, users are able to store their trip (i.e., a set of location points) information, share their current trip information with friends, or browse and track they friends' trip information.


text:
LeitnerBox is a technique for learning with more & better effect.
We should learn the things by heart in 5 steps (30 days) with Leitner Box.
This application was created for learning English words or words of another language.
I've created this project with.NET Framework 3.5 SP1, so you have to install it to use the project.
Leitner Box's Algorithm
According to Leitner's Algorithm, we have to study our questions everyday like this :
1 : Answer all questions in Box 5 -> Part 1
If your answer was True the question goes to the Data Base
else it goes to Box 1.
2 : Shift all parts of Box5 to the left ( In the application use Shift up button )
3 : Answer all questions in Box 4 -> Part 1
4 : Shift all parts of Box4 to the left
5 : And so on...
10 : Add new questions to Box 1
I've implemented this algorithm in this project.
Using the Application
At first you have to create a user, so you will see this form :
Notice: You can use A-Z and a-z for the name.
Press the button to create new user, new user will save in a folder beside the main EXE file.
If there are multiple users, you will see this form:
Appending a Word
You have to select a destination box or a part and then add a question.
Notice: You can't add two words with the same questions.
Whenever you type a word into 'Add Questions' textboxes, it searches for the inserted word in former words (in all boxes and database). If something is found, it will show a list of them below the textbox. Now you can choose it by pressing Enter on it.
This is a good way to avoid duplication.
- 2nd March, 2009: First post
- 14th March, 2009: Updated source and demo files - fixed some bugs
- 25th March, 2009: Updated source and demo files
- 2nd April, 2009: Updated source and demo files - fixed some bugs
- 11th April, 2009: Auto Complete added
- 22nd March, 2010: Updated source and demo files


Skip to Content
Former Member
Feb 13, 2009 at 06:27 AM
SAP Web AS Connection erroe
iam created one system in ep when i test SAP web AS it is giving this error
Test Details:
The test consists of the following steps:
1. Checks the validity of system ID in the system object.
2. Checks if the system can be retrieved from the PCD.
3. Check whether a SAP system is defined in the system object
4. Validate the following parameters: WAS protocol; WAS host name
5. Checks if the host name of the server can be resolved.
6. Pings the server to see if it is alive.
7. Pings the WAS ping service; works only if the service is activated on the ABAP WAS.
8. Checks HTTP/S connectivity to the defined back-end application
1. The system ID is valid
2. The system was retrieved.
3. The system object represents an SAP system
4. The following parameters are valid: Web AS Protocol (http) Web AS Host Name (flag-projects:8000)
5. The host name flag-projects was resolved successfully.
6. The server flag-projects was pinged successfully.
7. The Web AS ping service http://flag-projects:8000/sap/bc/ping was pinged successfully.
8. An HTTP/S connection to http://flag-projects:8000/webdynpro/dispatcher/ was not obtained successfully; this might be due to a closed port on the Firewall.
can anybody help me on this pls


text:
Wednesday, February 25, 2009
|Median Farm Size Category|
|Average Gross Output|
|Average Net Output|
Since I briefly mentioned it a couple of weeks ago, I've been trying to get a handle on the inverse relationship between farm size and output. The effect has been observed in all regions of the world, and is consistent across all farm sizes (page 8, in the .pdf).*
Looking through the 2007 US Agriculture Census, I found that the effect still exists, though the difference in output seems to be smaller than in the table above (perhaps due to a difference in methodology?).
Data from Table 58. Summary by Size of Farm: 2007 (.pdf)
According to the Food First policy brief, the high productivity on small farms in the developing world is due to:
- Multiple cropping
- Land use intensity
- Output composition
- Labor quality
- Labor intensity
- Input use
- Resource use
On the other hand, larger farms are typically cultivated as monocultures, usually yield a single crop per year, use heavy machinery and significant chemical inputs, and produce low value commodities. The environmental costs of large mechanized agriculture is a different issue altogether!
Since in the developing world the vast majority of farms are small, and the availability of farm labor is high, it makes sense to improve the efficiency and profitability of these farms by switching gradually to natural farming methods which are even more profitable due to
- near zero input costs
- low labor requirement
- a diversity of high value (and organic) crops
* Browsing through current academic literature, I got the impression that among economists, this effect is viewed as somewhat of an artifact; i.e. economics research papers tend to explain the effect on the basis of inequalities (in labor etc.) between small and large farms, rather than as a real farm productivity difference. I have tried to get some clarification from professional economists, but haven't heard anything yet. If you have any opinions one way or another, please let me know.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
International Project SENARIO
Project title: Advanced Sensors and Novel Concepts for Intelligent and Reliable Processing in Bonded Repairs. Project acronym: SENARIO. Project no.: AST5-CT-2006-030982. Instrument: STREP. Thematic Priority: Aeronautics and Space
The main target of the SENARIO project is to improve the repeatability and reliability of bonded composite repairs to degraded aircraft structure via in-process monitoring and feedback control of the bonding process. The development of sensing (dielectric, wireless and optical) and the integration of material state monitoring to the hot bonder equipment (heating blanket) are among the main technological objectives. In particular, the dielectric sensors for patch materials and the wireless sensors embedded in the bond line during adhesive cure will provide real time information to enable enhanced process control and to facilitate quality control with traceable history of the material conditions. The material modeling activities in the project are particularly significant as the models allow the translation of the sensor signal to actual material condition and the final state of the repair process. Furthermore, the models will allow the use of the sensor signal for closed loop feedback control of the repair process and the increased reliability of the procedures through minimization of variables introduced by different operators.


What Was The First NGO?
What are the biggest NGOs?
The Top 20 BRAC.
The Wikimedia Foundation.
Acumen Fund.
Danish Refugee Council.
Partners in Health.
CARE International.
Médecins Sans Frontières.More items….
Is the UN an NGO?
Many of the largest, most significant non-governmental organizations have relationships or official associative status with intergovernmental organizations such as the United Nations or the World Bank. An intergovernmental organization, or IGO, is an institution made up of the governments of member states.
How many members should be in an NGO?
An NGO Board usually has 10 to 15 members, with a President, a Treasurer and other positions designated to specific tasks/issues related to the NGO's programme areas. The member positions could be rotating and/or renewable.
Which is the first NGO in India?
India's First NGO was founded by Tagore's Nephews Sri Gaganendranath Tagore in the year 1917 to help weavers and artists of the Kolkatta handloom. The Bengal Home Industries Association was founded, and registered under the Indian Companies Act VII (Section 26) in 1917.
Is the Red Cross a NGO?
As an independent, neutral organization, the ICRC has a permanent mandate under international law to take impartial action for prisoners, the wounded and sick, and civilians affected by conflict, including: Visiting prisoners of war and civilian detainees to monitor their treatment and conditions.
What is difference trust and NGO?
"NGO" stands for "Non-governmental Organization" while "trust" is the word trust itself. … Trusts have their own policies since they can be public or private trusts. It does not need any aid from the government or any organization. NGOs can receive financial assistance from the government while trusts cannot.
Is Unicef a NGO?
How many NGOs are there?
There are an estimated 10 million (non-governmental organizations) NGOs worldwide. 2. The number of people worldwide donating money to NGOs increased from 1.2 billion in 2011 to 1.4 billion in 2014. By 2030, the number is expected to grow to 2.5 billion.
Which is the largest NGO in India?
Top 10 NGOs In India: Making A DifferenceGive Foundation. … GOONJ – a voice, an effort. … Help Age India. … K. C. Mahindra Education Trust (Nanhi Kali) … LEPRA India. … Pratham Education Foundation. … Sammaan Foundation. … Smile Foundation.More items…•
What is the oldest NGO?
Anti-Slavery InternationalAnti-Slavery International is the world's oldest human rights organisation. Its roots stretch back to 1787 when the first abolitionist society was formed. The British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society (BFASS) was officially created on 17 April 1839 to crusade against slavery and the slave trade throughout the world.
Who is the founder of NGO?
Geeta DharmarajanKatha (NGO)IndustryPublishing, community development, Child welfare, Education.Founded1988FounderGeeta DharmarajanHeadquartersDelhi, IndiaKey peopleGeeta Dharmarajan (President)3 more rows
What is the biggest NGO in the world?
10 Facts About BRAC, the World's Largest NGOBRAC is the largest non-governmental organization (NGO) in the world. … BRAC's mission is to alleviate poverty and encourage economic participation by empowering people through social and economic programs.Founder Fazle Hasan Abed created BRAC after becoming disillusioned with poverty in Bangladesh.More items…•
Do NGO founders get paid?
The founders of a non-profit are not admissible to make a profit or advantage from the net earnings of the organization. They can create money in several additional ways, however, including receiving compensation from the non-profit.
How does an NGO make money?
Alternatively, in many NGOs, staff work in projects and salary goes to the head of the NGO whose designation and roles were elaborated in project budget. For most of the government project, there is fixed share and commission by NGOs which goes to politicians, bureaucrats, and other officials.
How did Ngo start?
The concept of NGO came into usage in 1945 following the establishment of the United Nations Organizations which recognized the need to give a consultative role to organisations which were neither government nor member states (Willett, 2002) NGOs take different forms and play different roles in different continents, …
Do NGOs pay well?
Average Salaries for NGO jobs Guidestar and CNM report pegs the average median salary of CEO's of non-profits in the US as between $50,000 – $90,000. Some larger foundations pay up to to $150,000.
Why do NGOs exist?
Purpose of NGOs NGOs exist for a variety of purposes, usually to further the political or social goals of their members. Examples include improving the state of the natural environment, encouraging the observance of human rights, improving the welfare of the disadvantaged, or representing a corporate agenda.
How can I start an NGO trust?
Registration Process of Public Charitable TrustStep 1 : Choose an appropriate name for your Trust. … Step 2 : Determine the Settler/ Author and Trustees of the intended Trust. … Step 3 : Prepare a Memorandum of Association and Rules & Regulations of your Trust. … Bylaws of the Trust.Step 4: Prepare all the documents that will be required at the time of submission. … A. … B.More items…


text:
What you eat directly impacts your body and brain. So be very specific about the food you eat before or in the flight. Experts also say that what you eat before or during the flight impacts how you feel during and after the flight. So avoid these food disasters while boarding in a flight to India
Fried or Fast Food
Health experts always advise you to avoid fried fast food. Above 35000 feet above the ground, digestion is tough. And eating saturated fats can restrict blood flow inside your body that causes blood clotting. It leads to DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis).
Alcohol! But it's not a food technically. Yes, you are right but it is something that will impact your body. This is the reason you are advised to avoid to drink in access, it can lead to dehydration. It is not that you are prohibited to have any alcoholic drink on the airplane but you should take care of your body yourself in the flight.
Stay away from cauliflower, broccoli and cruciferous vegetables when you are travelling in the air. You might know that the airplane cabin is pressurized but it is not same on the ground. When you take off the air pressure decreases and air expands by 30 per cent in the cabin. This causes swelling in the stomach. This leads to an expansion in the small intestine and produces a blot feeling within your body.
Carbonated beverages are also a contributor in blotting. So avoid beverages like soda, coke and beer. Just imagine that air bubbles in your stomach! They will expand in your stomach with pressure changes. This is surely not a comfortable feeling. Keep this thing in your mind and rather than buying a carbonated beverage go for simple water.
Sugar-Free Gum and Candy
Sugar-free gum and candies are like a boon for diabetes patients. But eating them before you fly is a bad idea. Because it contains artificial sweetener and our body is not designed to digest these kinds of things. It can cause blotting, gas and other laxative effects on your body.
The food contains garlic is delicious but you should avoid it. It will linger on your breath. The reason is that it includes a sulfuric component and whenever you inhale oxygen it will be there even after brushing your teeth. Besides that, you will not smell good and it may also bother your seatmates. So avoid everything which contains garlic inside it.
Airplane provided water
It is advised to carry your water bottle along with you rather than using airplane provided water. It is the report of a test done by EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) one out of every 7 airplanes one does not meet federal standards. And there are chances that the bottle you will get from an airplane is refilled by that tank water. So keep your bottle, keep yourself hydrated and make your journey easy and healthy. Furthermore, it is only not the water but coffee and tea also that could be made of that water. So pass them also.
Avoid having beans and Legumes before you fly or in your journey. These are not easy to digest and are considered as major gas culprits. Many other types of legumes and beans contain indigestible complex sugar. So eating legumes can cause on-board blotting.
These are some food items that you should avoid to have before flying. Otherwise, you will have problems with your digestion and your long journey can be quite uncomfortable.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Brussels 1895 – 1970
Brussels 1895 – 1970
Swyncop Charles was born in Brussels on March 21, 1895 emerged as a distinguished Belgian painter during the first half of the 20th century, leaving an indelible mark on the art world with his vibrant and captivating works. Born into a family with a passion for art, Charles inherited his artistic inclination from his older brother, Philippe Swyncop, who served as his first painting mentor.
As a young artist, Charles Swyncop delved into various genres, showcasing his versatility as a painter. He painted landscapes, city views, seascapes, still lifes, flowers, children, genre scenes, figures (particularly Spanish beauties), and portraits. His early education at the Academy of Brussels under the guidance of notable teachers such as Jean Delville, Herman Richir, and Alfred Bastien laid the foundation for his artistic prowess. The influence of his studies in Rome and Venice, where he immersed himself in iconography and the techniques of the great masters, became apparent in his later works.
In 1920, Swyncop played a pivotal role as assistant to his teacher Alfred Bastien in creating the panoramic masterpiece, "Panorama de l'Yser." This collaboration, alongside painters like Charles Léonard and Jef Bonheur, showcased his dedication to large-scale and impactful artworks. The painting, initially exhibited in the mosque of the Cinquantenaire Park in Brussels, later found a permanent home in Ostend, though it suffered severe damage during World War II.
Throughout his career, Swyncop's artistic journey intersected with Spain, much like his brother Philippe. However, Charles brought a unique touch to his paintings, employing subtle and spontaneous brushstrokes reminiscent of the French Fauvists. His colorful sea views echoed the influences of Henri Matisse and André Derain, setting him apart in the art scene.
In 1930, Charles Swyncop's talent garnered recognition when he was commissioned by the Ministry of Colonies to create decorative panels for the World Fair in Antwerp. A testament to his artistic contributions, Swyncop became a member of the esteemed group 'La Lierre,' showcasing his works alongside prominent artists like Alfred Bastien, Julius Brouwers, and Henri De Clerck in their annual exhibitions.
Beyond his prolific career as an artist, Swyncop dedicated himself to nurturing the next generation of talents as a teacher at the art academy of Brussels from 1938 until his passing in 1970. His legacy endures through the charming and lively works that grace the Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium, each canvas reflecting the spirit of an artist who blended classical training with a modern, Fauvist-inspired approach.


Is your computer suffered from threat Luhe.Sirefef.A? Are you looking for a manual removal instruction for getting rid of Luhe.Sirefef.A completely? This step-by-step guide can help you safely and quickly remove Luhe.Sirefef.A.
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text:
Teach GIO to handle AF_UNIX sockets on Windows.
AF_UNIX are available in Windows 10 since Build 17063. The have a number of limitations compared to other POSIX/BSD socket implementations (in particular, no SCM_RIGHTS, and very limited credential passing). However, they are quite attractive as an alternative to opening a local TCP port for local socket communications (and DBus), as they should be more secure and not directly reachable from a web browser! Looking up peer process id is also simpler and a bit safer than with TCP sockets.
There are also interesting use cases that possibles, since they can communicate with WSL2 systems.
For testing purposes, I implemented a
_g_win32_socketpair() (similar to the ocaml implementation from _URL_ I wish this function could be provided publicly by glib, since it's fairly common to want it in various projects for inter-thread communications, or testing. What do you think? There is no WSAError to errno conversion at this point. Perhaps the function could use GError instead.
Fixes: #2487 (closed)


text:
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has initiated a new investigation into Tesla's 2023 Model 3 and Model Y vehicles over concerns of loss of steering control and power steering. The inquiry was begun after the NHTSA received 12 complaints from owners of the impacted automobiles in recent complaints.
According to the NHTSA, five of the complaints indicate that the driver behind the sudden steering wheel was unable to steer the car at all, while the other seven complaints allege that suddenly steering wheel of the vehicle suddenly lost power steering. One of the allegations also featured an accident, although there were no injuries recorded.
The NHTSA's study is still in its preliminary evaluation formative phases, and it is unknown what is causing the steering difficulties in the impacted vehicles. However, Tesla has confirmed that it is aware of the issue and is trying to examine it.
This is the second NHTSA inquiry into Tesla's steering systems in 2023. In June, the NHTSA started an inquiry into the 2023 Model S and Model X vehicles over concerns of power steering issues.
The NHTSA's latest investigations into Tesla's steering systems are a reminder that even the most modern automobiles may have safety hazards. It is vital for drivers to be aware of these possible hazards and to take actions to keep safe, such as having their cars routinely maintained and inspected.
What Tesla Owners Should Do
If you are the owner of a 2023 model of Tesla Model 3 or Model Y, you should be aware of the possible steering concerns and take action to keep safe with electric vehicles. Here are some tips:
Be mindful of the indicators of steering issues, such as trouble turning the steering wheel itself, a lack of power steering, or a warning message on the opposite side of the dashboard.
If you notice the driver has any issues with the steering, you the driver should immediately pull over to a safe spot and contact Tesla.
Make sure that a trained professional does routine maintenance and inspections on your car.
What to Anticipate from the Investigation being Conducted by the NHTSA
It is anticipated that the NHTSA's examination engineering analysis of Tesla's steering systems will take a number of months to complete. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration is going to investigate whether or if the steering problems are a widespread problem by gathering information from Tesla, customers, and other sources. The NHTSA could also do inspections and tests on the automobiles that are in question.
If the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) does a formal investigation and concludes that the steering faults constitute an issue that poses a safety risk, it is possible that it may require Tesla to recall the vehicles that are impacted by steering control problems. In the event of a recall, Tesla would need to either repair or replace the vehicles' steering systems in order to satisfy the terms of the recall.
NHTSA's Office of Defects Investigation is probing approximately 280,000 Tesla vehicles over reports of loss of steering control
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has opened an investigation into approximately 280,000 Tesla Model 3 and Model Y vehicles over reports of loss of steering control.
In some of the reported incidents, Tesla owners described that when navigating a tight turn, the car steering felt stuck, and the car steering assist reduced, making it a concern about the steering rack as well which is a potentially dangerous situation on the road. When faced with such issues, it is crucial for owners to respond promptly by contacting the Tesla service department for an inspection. Early detection of problems with the steering system can prevent more significant issues down the road.
If necessary, the Tesla service department should replace steering racks to ensure the safety of the vehicle and its occupants. These cases have caught the attention of auto safety regulators like the NHTSA, who are closely monitoring the situation to determine the extent of the problem and any potential safety risks.


OEOutFileStringParameter
Attention
PRELIMINARY-IMAGE This is a preliminary API until Spring 2021 and may be improved based on user feedback. It is currently available in C++ and Python.
class OEOutFileStringParameter : public OEFileStringParameter
The OEOutFileStringParameter represents parameter that has string value representing a writable file format for modeling objects, such as a molecule or a design unit.
Following methods are publicly inherited from OEParameter:
Following methods are publicly inherited from OETypedParameter:
Following methods are publicly inherited from OEPODParameter:
 - GetDefaultsVector
 - GetSettingsVector
 - GetValuesVector
Constructors
OEOutFileStringParameter()
OEOutFileStringParameter(const std::string& name, const unsigned fileType)
OEOutFileStringParameter(const OEOutFileStringParameter&)
Default and copy constructors.
Constructs an OEOutFileStringParameter instance using the specified set of parameters. The fileType refers to a constants defined in the OEFileStringType namespace.
operator=
OEOutFileStringParameter &operator=(const OEOutFileStringParameter &)
The assignment operator.


text:
ear in a nursery tale.
5. Ogre-steeds, i.e. "wolves."
6. Emma was the name of Harold's favourite "byrnie" or shirt of mail.
7. i.e. the Valkyrie.
8. An arrow with a loose head which would mark but not kill.
9. This old North-country proverb exactly expresses the meaning of the Icelandic original. See Icel. Dict. s.v. Bysna.
10. The wedge-shaped phalanx of the Northmen.


text:
As the walk along Long Meadow to Eastcote Gardens is popular with many Pinner Residents you may be interested to hear about the Backwater project by the River Pinn currently being implemented by Hillingdon Council:
London Borough of Hillingdon has received funding from Big Green Fund to create two backwaters on the River Pinn, on areas where a meander and a backwater used to be in the past. It is also proposed re-profiling a small section of steep river bank by the footbridge to create a safe and gradual approach to the river.
The works will be undertaken as a partnership between LBHillingdon, Groundwork, Green Corridor, the Friends of Eastcote House Garden, Eastcote Resident's Association and River Pinn Volunteers.
Benefits of the Backwaters include:
- It will improve the ecological value of the land and provide a new and important wetland area for amphibians and aquatic invertebrates.
- Pre planted coir rolls will be installed to encourage marginal vegetation and purification of water.
- It will create additional offstream flood storage potential.
- Scrub and tree management would open river views and overgrown swims. Openings along the river would be aesthetically pleasing.
- Open river views and well managed paths would contribute to the general landscape of the site.


text:
Terahertz-Enpowered Communications and Sensing in 6G Systems: Opportunities and ChallengesWei Jiang; Hans Dieter Schotten
In: IEEE ICCC. IEEE International Conference on Computer and Communications (ICCC-2023), December 8-11, Chengdu, China, IEEE, 12/2023.
The current focus of academia and the telecommunications industry has been shifted to the development of the six-generation (6G) cellular technology, also formally referred to as IMT-2030. Unprecedented applications that 6G aims to accommodate demand extreme communications performance and, in addition, disruptive capabilities such as network sensing. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in terahertz (THz) frequencies as it offers not only massive spectral resources for communication but also distinct advantages in sensing, positioning, and imaging. The aim of this paper is to provide a brief but holistic outlook on opportunities opened by this under-exploited band and challenges that must be addressed to materialize the potential of THz-based communications and sensing in 6G systems.


text: Porthcurno was once the largest telegraph station in the world. The Grade II listed Eastern House was constructed in 1904 due to overcrowding in the original telegraph station. During World War Two, the strategic importance of the telegraph station meant that it needed protection from enemy bombers. The now Grade II* listed Tunnels were dug into the granite hillside and the station was moved underground in 1941. Above the beach sits the Grade II listed Cable House built in 1929. As the only remaining intact Cable House in the world, it houses the terminals for the 14 undersea cables the come into Porthcurno.


Thrust Terminator
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Thrust Terminator
</dt>
A device for ending the thrust in a rocket engine, either through propellant cutoff (in the case of a liquid) or through diverting the flow of gases from the nozzle. </dd>
References
This article is based on NASA's Dictionary of Technical Terms for Aerospace Use


text:
Recent Examples of ammonia from the Web
The most common corrosive liquids are bleach, ammonia and acid.
The waste accumulates in the form of ammonia and can travel to the brain, causing coma or death, according to the National Urea Cycle Disorders Foundation.
Two days later, she was pronounced brain dead and diagnosed with urea cycle disorder, a rare genetic condition that can be treated with diet and medication, but oftentimes goes undiagnosed, allowing ammonia to build up in the bloodstream.
The biologist argued that the additive in question—which is created by using a centrifuge to spin off muscle meat from layers of fat and then treating it with ammonia—was not real ground beef.
A 100-foot sheen was reportedly emanating from the barge, which was carrying 2,500 tons anhydrous ammonia and 800 gallons of diesel fuel, according to the Coast Guard.
The truck plant over the weekend acknowledged a spill of urea, a substance that turned into deadly ammonia in the water.
Fujitsu Microelectronics, July 20, 1995 (Gresham): Eighteen people are taken to the hospital after an ammonia leak.
Authorities noted the overwhelming odor of ammonia, animals with no access to food or water and homemade incubators, the report said.
These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'ammonia.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Origin and Etymology of ammonia
First Known Use: 1788See Words from the same year
AMMONIA Defined for English Language Learners
Definition of ammonia for English Language Learners
: a colorless gas or liquid that has a strong smell and taste and that is used especially in cleaning products
AMMONIA Defined for Kids
Definition of ammonia for Students
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text:
Brnabic reminded that on this day in 1921, the largest stud farm in Serbia was formed, which was reconstructed and upgraded in 2018, to the pride of all the inhabitants of Backa Palanka, but also the entire country.
In the years when we mark the 100th anniversary of its founding, we have committed ourselves to preserve this institution in order to continue to nurture the tradition of equestrian sports in our country, the Prime Minister stated.
She pointed out that Karadjordjevo preserves the rich tradition of our country and army, and at the same time it is a place of exceptional natural beauty and a nature park with a large number of protected species, to which the old splendour must return.
Brnabic reminded that the government made a conclusion according to which the Karadjordjevo stud farm became a state stud farm of special importance for the development of equestrian sports and tourist potentials of Serbia, and that it was a big step to become one of the tourist symbols of the whole country.
The stud farm is specific in that it has the oldest book of impressions, which was written in 1924 and which speaks a lot about the importance of the entire stud farm.


Discussion: View Thread
EGOS Call for Papers "Craft in Modern Society"
 - 1. EGOS Call for Papers "Craft in Modern Society"
 Posted 11-09-2020 10:05
 Hi there,
 We would like to draw your attention to a call for papers for our sub theme at the 2021 EGOS Conference. Please see more details below. We hope you will consider submitting your paper to our track and are happy to answer any questions you may have about the sub-theme in advance.
 Best wishes,
 Jochem Kroezen
 Innan Sasaki
 Pursey Heugens
 Sub-theme 24: Craft in Modern Society
 Jochem Kroezen
 University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
 Innan Sasaki
 University of Warwick, United Kingdom
 Pursey P.M.A.R. Heugens
 Erasmus University, The Netherlands
 Call for Papers
 The last two decades have witnessed an extraordinary resurgence of interest in craft and craftsmanship. Once thought to be an obsolete mode of organizing and producing for modern society, now craft movements appear to be reconfiguring entire sectors, with examples ranging from beer brewing (Kroezen & Heugens, 2019), to watchmaking (Raffaelli, 2019), to barbering (Ocejo, 2017) and to maker spaces (Browder et al., 2019). In addition to the transformative powers of craft production, there is also a surprisingly broad range of instances where heritage crafts have managed to survive despite pressures of modernization and globalization, such as the case in musical instrument making (Cattani et al., 2017) or Japanese family firms (Sasaki et al., 2019). Increasingly, management and organization scholars are paying attention to these phenomena across various strands of research and are contributing to a growing understanding of (1) what defines craft as opposed to established theories of organizing and (2) how empirically craft may be valued and organized differently across time and space. This sub-theme intends to offer a setting for scholars interested in craft and craftsmanship to advance our collective understanding of the concept and related phenomena and firmly establish craft as an object of investigation and theorization in its own right.
 According to leading dictionaries, craft can be defined as "skill" or "dexterity" that is often applied in combination with "experience" and "careful attention" to the "making" or "manufacturing" of "objects" that typically requires "handwork" (Cambridge Dictionary; Dictionary.com; Merriam-Webster). However, it is also evident that craft is not just a technical term but also subject to considerable social construction as it is infused with varying idealized norms and values (cf. Bell et al., 2018; Fox-Miller, 2017). As such, the concept is often stretched well beyond the narrow dictionary definitions. Telling are examples of the recent use of the concept in social science. Sennett (2008), for instance, regards the idea of craftsmanship as a philosophical "template for living" where craft is embodied in both skill and "spirit" which manifests itself in the "desire to do a job well for its own sake". This is suggestive of a broader trend in society that is revaluing a concept that has long been associated with "low-status" manual work in comparison to "high-status" intellectual work (Snipp, 1985; Wrigley, 1982).
 The phenomenon of revival and revaluation of craft in parallel with ongoing processes of modernization raises expectations for more inclusive and diverse ways of organizing. The contemporary appeal of craft seems multifaceted. Research suggests that it may be fueled by a fear of loss of human skill due to continued automation, robotization and technization (cf. Barley, 1996; Beane, 2019), seemingly related to the Marxist concern with "deskilling" (Braverman, 1974; Form, 1987). Simultaneously, it may be driven by a perceived loss of community, authenticity and "enchantment" in production and consumption due to continued globalization and standardization (Endrissat et al., 2015; Suddaby et al., 2017; Weber et al., 2008). The appeal of craft may also lie in its perceived potential to provide a more meaningful form of work (Bell et al., 2018; Hodson, 2001; Ranganathan, 2018), and suggested contribution to socio-economic and environmental sustainability (Kuijpers et al., 2019; Thompson, 2018).
 However, craft organizing is not naturally virtuous. History shows that it may also have darker sides. For instance, traditional craft was strongly associated with a lack of innovation (Kieser, 1989), parochialism and patriarchy (e.g., Adler, 2015; Burris, 1989), and some have argued that the contemporary craft movement may have been largely captured by the elite with little benefit for the rest of society (Ocejo, 2017). There is thus a need to advance our critical understanding of processes of craft decline and revival in order to be able to assess if craft can indeed live up to all these promises.
 Beyond the role of craft organizing in addressing grand challenges in society, the day-to-day organizational challenges faced by craft firms raise interesting questions as well. Both heritage craft firms with extensive pedigree and craft revival firms appear to face unique tensions they need to solve in order to be successful. They often need to somehow balance the preservation (or pretense of) of traditional skills, techniques and materials, while at the same time innovating and adapting to evolving economic, technological and social conditions (Beverland, 2005; Sasaki et al., 2019). Similarly, they need to grapple with the fact that the contemporary appeal of craft often taps into cultural fantasies of an idealized image of making that may require a certain degree of "staging" (cf. Suddaby et al., 2017; Federici, 2019). Finally, the ultimate viability of craft organizations depends on a careful balancing of artistic and cultural expression (broadly understood) with efficiency and commercial utility (Becker, 1978; Patichol et al., 2014). Though similar tensions may be faced by any type of organization, these tensions seem to be particularly pronounced for craft organizations and appear ripe for dedicated exploration.
 In sum, we believe that organization scholars are very well positioned to contribute to a deeper understanding of craft as an alternative mode of working, producing and organizing in modern society. More precisely, we suggest that the phenomenon of craft is deserving of dedicated theory that can be contrasted with and compared to established organizational theories such as scientific management (Taylor, 2003), bureaucracy (Weber, 1978) modern professionalism (Abbott, 1988) or the network organization (Powell, 1990). As such, the goal of this sub-theme is to exchange dialogue and collectively advance research on craft from multiple theoretical dimensions. Possible topics include, but are not limited to the following:
 - What is unique about craft work and craft forms of organizing compared to established organization and management theories?
 - Why and how do craft modes of organizing decline and why and how do they resurge?
 - Why and how do heritage crafts survive?
 - What is the relationship between craft survival and organizational forms that more readily focus on the longer term, such as family businesses?
 - How do craft firms manage fundamental tensions such as those related to tradition vs. innovation, mundane vs. imagined practices and artistic vs. commercial utility?
 - When and how do craft movements lead to desirable societal outcomes and when and how do they merely lead to decoupled "craft-washing"?
 - How is contemporary craft work different from traditional craft work?
 - (How) can craft principles be meaningfully reinserted in corporations, whether industrial manufacturers, family businesses, or professional service firms?
 - (How) do contemporary craft firms organize learning and skill development differently than other types of firms?
 - What is the role of consumers and other stakeholders in the success and failure of craft movements and craft firms?
 - How 'gendered' is craft work and craft entrepreneurship, and what are the unique challenges faced by female craft entrepreneurs?
 - When and how are craft firms perceived as legitimate or authentic and when not?
 - How can craft facilitate meaningful work? What are the dark sides of craft organizing?
 - How are craft-based occupations different from other types of occupations?
 We invite theoretical and empirical papers using qualitative or quantitative research methods that address these and related topics. We encourage submission of papers that describe craft dynamics in both typical and atypical settings.
 Jochem Kroezen
 University Lecturer in International Business
 Cambridge Judge Business School
 University of Cambridge


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At Scanaconus, technology is at the heart of their success. They have invested heavily in state-of-the-art equipment to ensure precise diagnostics and efficient metal recycling processes. By using cutting-edge diagnostic tools, they accurately determine the composition and quality of metals, allowing for a higher level of precision during the recycling process.
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With their background in the Health & Medical industry, Scanaconus possesses a unique advantage. Their expertise in diagnostic services enables them to apply rigorous analytical methods to metal recycling. This scientific approach allows Scanaconus to identify impurities, contaminants, and other elements that might compromise the quality of the recycled metal. By ensuring the highest purity levels, Scanaconus is able to provide top-notch recycled metals to industries around the world.
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Scanaconus takes pride in their commitment to efficiency and quality. Through meticulous process optimization and a robust quality assurance program, they consistently deliver exceptional results. Their highly skilled technicians monitor the metal recycling process at every step to maintain the highest standards. This dedication to excellence results in a final product that surpasses industry benchmarks, meeting strict quality requirements of even the most demanding customers.
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Scanaconus is a driving force in the metal recycling industry, combining their expertise in the Health & Medical Diagnostic Services sector with a sustainable approach to recycling metals. Through their dedication to advanced technology, impeccable quality, and commitment to environmental sustainability, Scanaconus positions itself as a leader in the field. By choosing Scanaconus, businesses and industries can actively contribute to a more eco-friendly future while simultaneously benefiting from the high-quality recycled metals they provide.
Get in Touch
If you want to learn more about Scanaconus and their revolutionary approach to metal recycling, don't hesitate to reach out. Visit their website at _URL_ or contact their knowledgeable team for further information.


© 2020
The Structure of Complex Images
Part of the Palgrave Close Readings in Film and Television book series (CRFT)
Table of contents
 1. Front Matter
 Pages i-xii
 2. Robert B. Ray
 Pages 1-14
 3. Film Studies and Its Problems
 1. Front Matter
 Pages 15-15
 4. Cinephilia, Cavell, and Description-as-Method
 1. Front Matter
 Pages 77-77
 2. Robert B. Ray
 Pages 79-100
 3. Robert B. Ray
 Pages 101-120
 5. Movie Star Performance
 1. Front Matter
 Pages 121-121
 2. Robert B. Ray
 Pages 123-136
 3. Robert B. Ray
 Pages 155-162
 6. Memory Theaters
 1. Front Matter
 Pages 163-163
 2. Robert B. Ray
 Pages 165-196
 7. The Structure of Complex Images
 8. Back Matter
 Pages 249-259
About this book
After over a century of existence, the cinema still has its mysteries. Why, for example, is the job we call movie stardom unlike any other in the world? How do films provide so much unconcealed information that we fail to notice? What makes it hard to define what counts as "acting"? How do movies like Casablanca and Breathless store the film and world histories of their generations? How can we reconcile auteurism's celebration of the movie director's authority with the camera's automatism? Why have the last four decades of film criticism so often neglected such questions? After beginning with an overview of film studies, this book proposes a shift from predictable theoretical approaches to models that acknowledge the perplexities and mysteries of the movies. Deriving methods from cinephilia, Wittgenstein, Richard Rorty, Stanley Cavell, Eleanor Duckworth, V. F. Perkins, and James Naremore, Robert B. Ray offers close readings that call attention to what we have missed in such classic films as La Règle du Jeu, It Happened One Night, It's a Wonderful Life, Vertigo, Holiday, The Philadelphia Story, Casablanca, Breathless, and Tickets.
Images Film Studies Complexity Mystery Classic Cinema Close Reading Structure Film Theory
Authors and affiliations
 1. 1.Department of EnglishUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleUSA
About the authors
Robert B. Ray is Professor of English at the University of Florida, USA. He is the author of A Certain Tendency of the Hollywood Cinema: _PHONE_, The Avant-Garde Finds Andy Hardy, How a Film Theory Got Lost and Other Mysteries in Cultural Studies, The ABCs of Classic Hollywood, and Walden X 40. He is also a member of The Vulgar Boatmen, whose records include You and Your Sister, Please Panic, Opposite Sex, and Wide Awake.
Bibliographic information
 - Book Title The Structure of Complex Images
 - Authors Robert B. Ray
 - Series Title Palgrave Close Readings in Film and Television
 - Series Abbreviated Title Palgrave Close Readings in Film and Television
 - DOI
 - Publisher Name Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
 - eBook Packages Literature, Cultural and Media Studies Literature, Cultural and Media Studies (R0)
 - Hardcover ISBN 978-3-030-40630-1
 - Softcover ISBN 978-3-030-40633-2
 - eBook ISBN 978-3-030-40631-8
 - Edition Number 1
 - Number of Pages XII, 259
 - Number of Illustrations 26 b/w illustrations, 14 illustrations in colour
 - Topics Close Reading
 Film Theory
 Film History
 - Buy this book on publisher's site


text:
Bird Messages Cards by Susie Green
Includes 52 specially commissioned cards and a 64-page illustrated book
About the Deck
We have always been fascinated by birds, watching them and trying to attract them into our gardens. Each of the 52 exquisitely illustrated cards in this unique boxed set includes a message from these amazing creatures that speaks to our heart and shows us the way forward. With her cheerful song, tiny Blue Tit encourages you to find your voice, while Peregrine Falcon teaches you to seize the moment. Hanging Parrot counsels you to surrender to universal flow, while sociable Starling inspires you to achieve your goals by finding strength in social community. The accompanying book gives a full explanation of each message, as well as showing how to lay out the cards for a reading. Whether you use the cards for affirmation or for divination, you will be amazed at the insights you gain.
- 52 cards, each with an individual message, beautifully illustrated by fine artist Alan Weston.
- 64-page illustrated book including interpretation for each card and clear instructions on how to lay them out for a reading.
On the Back of the Deck
Birds capture the imagination, from eagles soaring high above us to blackbirds signing their sweet song. This unique book and card set reveals what we can learn from them, with 52 stunningly illustrated cards that each include a message from these fascinating creatures, offering spiritual guidance and help.
About the Author
Susie Green has travelled extensively throughout Australia, India, South and North America and Europe, where she has studied myriad creatures in their natural habitats and has experienced their magic and the essential role they play in the web of life first hand. She is the author of the best-selling Animal Messages, and has written extensively about pets and their wilder cousins for The Guardian, the Daily Mail, and specialist animal magazine. She lives in Tunbridge Wells, Kent.
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Efecto Hall y estudio de fotovoltaje superficial transiente (SPV) en películas delgadas de Cu3BiS3
F. Mesa, A. Dussan, B. A. Paez-Sierra, H. Rodriguez-Hernandez
Resultado de la investigación: Contribución a una revistaArtículorevisión exhaustiva
5 Citas (Scopus)
Resumen
Here, we present the electrical properties of the compound Cu3BiS3 deposited by co-evaporation. This new compound may have the properties necessary to be used as an absorbent layer in solar cells. The samples were characterized by Hall effect and transient surface photovoltage (SPV) measurements. Using Hall effect measurements, we found that the concentration of n charge carriers is in the order of 1016 cm-3 irrespective of the Cu/Bi mass ratio. We also found that the mobility of this compound (μ in the order of 4 cm2V-1s-1) varies according to the transport mechanisms that govern it and are dependent on temperature. Based on the SPV, we found a high density of surface defects, which can be passivated by superimposing a buffer layer over the Cu3BiS3 compound.
Título traducido de la contribuciónHall effect and transient surface photovoltage (SPV) study of Cu3BiS3 thin films
Idioma originalEspañol
Páginas (desde-hasta)99-105
Número de páginas7
PublicaciónUniversitas Scientiarum
Volumen19
N.º2
DOI
EstadoPublicada - 2014
Áreas temáticas de ASJC Scopus
 - General
Huella
Profundice en los temas de investigación de 'Efecto Hall y estudio de fotovoltaje superficial transiente (SPV) en películas delgadas de Cu3BiS3'. En conjunto forman una huella única.
Citar esto


700-Kilometer Megaflash Sets New Lightning World Record
Lightning over Porto Alegre, Brazil. Thiago B Trevisan/Shutterstock
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has confirmed a phenomenal lightning strike that split the sky in Brazil in 2018 has set the new world record for the longest lightning bolt.
Reaching 709 kilometers (440 miles) long – about the distance from New York to Charleston, WV – the "world's greatest extent for a single lightning flash" was recorded on October 31, 2018, in southern Brazil, the WMO's Committee on Weather and Climate Extremes announced.
That wasn't the only flashy record-breaker the UN's weather agency announced though. The record for the longest duration of a lightning flash got smashed too, thanks to a 16.7-second-long "megaflash" that occurred over northern Argentina on March 4, 2019.
Both new records have wiped the floor with the previous record-holders by more than double. The previous distance record was 321 kilometers (199 miles) recorded in Oklahoma in 2007, and the duration record was a mere 7.74 seconds over Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France, in August 2012.
"These are extraordinary records from single lightning flash events," said Professor Randall Cerveny, chief rapporteur of Weather and Climate Extremes for WMO, and co-author of the study confirming these findings in Geophysical Research Letters. "Environmental extremes are living measurements of what nature is capable, as well as scientific progress in being able to make such assessments. It is likely that even greater extremes still exist, and that we will be able to observe them as lightning detection technology improves."
Satellite image of record extent of lightning flash, Brazil, October 31, 2018. WMO
Previously, lightning was tracked using data from ground-based sensors called Lightning Mapping Array networks, which detect radio waves. However, lightning scientists acknowledged there was an upper limit to the scale of lightning that could be traced using these, and tracking more extreme lightning would require a scale-up of the technology.
In 2016, the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) launched the world's first lightning-mapping satellite to operate in geostationary orbit, tracking Earth's weather from 36,000 kilometers (22,300 miles) above us. This means that not only can we monitor Earth's weather 24/7, but as increased lightning activity is usually a good indicator of tropical cyclones and thunderstorms, forecasters now get a more accurate idea of what's coming.
It was this lightning-mapping tool, operating on the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES), that recorded the two new records.
Satellite image of record duration of a lightning flash, Argentina, March 4, 2019. WMO
There are many different types of lightning. Lightning always accompanies thunder and they both happen at the same time, but as light travels faster you often see the lightning before you hear the thunder. Most lightning starts within a thunder cloud and then either stays in the cloud or travels through air, either to another cloud or to eventually hit the ground. Both record-breaking flashes occurred from cloud to cloud, without touching the ground, but why were they so powerful?
There are two hotspots in the Americas where mesoscale convection systems – thunderstorms that combine into large clusters, or "superstorms" – form: the Great Plains in North America and La Plata basin in South America. These superstorms occur on a scale that allows for extraordinary megaflashes. Now that we have the technology to monitor and observe these megaflashes, it's highly unlikely these new records will stand for long though.
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text:
Main Components of the Database Framework High-Resolution Climate and Impact Data
A core component of the database includes a compilation of available, regionally specific biophysical climate and impact data projections. As outlined in the previous sections, especially projections of regionalised biophysical impacts, such as agricultural yields or water availability, remain limited for island regions. This database component will evaluate existing studies and modelling approaches to understand the current state of knowledge and inform the modelling community about the most urgent needs in this regard. Robust knowledge of the likely range of expected biophysical developments is essential to inform effective adaptation and as a basis to assess the vulnerability of sectors and population groups.
Socio-economic Data, Livelihood Profiles
In addition to the biophysical data, a focus of the database framework lies also on the human side of climate change impacts and the consequent needs and options for adaptation. Two main components are included to understand the landscape of vulnerability: on the one hand, available socio-economic data is compiled from a variety of sources to identify priority sectors and thematic areas in the regional context. On the other hand, based on research conducted in the context of the overarching research project, a typology of livelihood profiles will be developed jointly by all regional project partners, to understand the livelihood-specific impact pathways and consequent targeted adaptation needs.


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CLEAR CREEK, TX (DEWITT COUNTY)
CLEAR CREEK, TEXAS (DeWitt County). Clear Creek was near present Ranch Road 108 ten miles north of Yorktown in western DeWitt County, in an area predominantly settled by Germans. The community center was the Clear Creek school, organized in 1894 and sometimes called Sandgate. The school building also was used as a Methodist church. In 1926 the public school at nearby Nopal was merged with the Clear Creek school, which closed in 1951. By 1961 only Sandgate Cemetery marked the area. An earlier Clear Creek school may have been organized fourteen miles southeast in 1885 and operated until 1898; that building reportedly also doubled as a Methodist church.
Nellie Murphree, A History of DeWitt County (Victoria, Texas, 1962).
The following, adapted from the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th edition, is the preferred citation for this article.Craig H. Roell, "CLEAR CREEK, TX (DEWITT COUNTY)," Handbook of Texas Online (_URL_ accessed May 24, 2013. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.


text:
the goat a longer time to grow.
There are also people who believe that when a goat wakes up, it simply decides that it wants to get out of the area before its day is done.
Because this happens so frequently throughout the winter months in the Southern Hemisphere, there is no doubt that this is indeed the most common explanation for why a goat might decide to wake up and go for a long lazy walk around the pasture.
Then again, some people say that even if a goat's feet are warm, it does not mean that it wants to step outside into the cold. It just happens that the feet get cold and the goat's coat needs to protect itself from the cold. As it turns out, the goat's coat does not actually get cold, but it protects itself from the cold.
The most common explanation for why a goat might wake up at night is because the flock is in danger of being caught by predators.
If the predators catch the flock, not only will the goats get hurt but other birds and animals will be harmed as well, which is why the goat has to wake up in order to defend his flock.
Of course, some people say that this is completely unreasonable, considering that most goats will run away from predators when they hear their calls. But it does happen sometimes, and the goat simply has to wake up in order to save his goats. In any case, this type of behavior does not really harm the goats themselves, but it does inconvenience other people.
Sleep is Not the Most Important Item on the Goats to Do List
- Sleep is not the most important thing on the goats to do list. Sleep is important but not the most important. Sleep is like a friend that comes to shake you awake in the middle of a nightmare.
- Goat need to sleep and you will sleep as long as you want, but you cannot depend totally upon it.
- Goat still wake up sometimes in the middle of the night when I cannot shake the feeling that should go back to sleep, but I must stay conscious and alert to what is going on around me, and try to assess the situation before deciding to go back to sleep.


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When some important data a re deleted from your iPhone or iPad, what do you usually do to recover them? For example, you just delete some text messages from your close friends accidentally, and you need to get those deleted text messages back. How? At this point, iFonebox is able to do you a favor to recover deleted data from your iPhone. While the new released version of iFonebox 2.1.3 adds more functions and you can better experience iFonebox now. You can scroll down to watch the video about iFonebox 2.1.3 directly.
iFonebox 2.1.3 has supported to recover deleted WhatsApp text messages and attachments from your iPhone. Of course, other bugs related to voice memos and notes are fixes. Some people may be not familiar with iFonebox. So what is iFonebox? What can iFonebox do for you?
What is iFonebox?
As is known that iFonebox is a professional iOS data recovery which is able to recover deleted data like contacts, messages, notes and more than 11 type from your iPhone/iPad/iPod Touch. Also, iFonebox supports to extract and restore lost data from iTunes or iCloud backup. If you want to selectively restore data from your backup, iFonebox is your best choice. Plus, now, iFonebox empowers you to recover lost contacts and notes back to your iDevice directly. Cool.
What's new in iFonebox 2.1.3?
1.Added the function of recovering WhatsApp messages and WhatsApp Attachments;
2.Fixed the iCloud related bugs;
3.Optimized the interface and improved user experience;
4.Fixed the bug related to jailbroken devices;
5.Fixed some known bugs related to Notes, Voice Memos.
How to recover deleted from iDevice with iFonebox?
It is necessary to download and install iFonebox as the first step. There are two versions accessible: Windows version and Mac version. Also, you can install Free Trial Version (Win and Mac) to have a check. Now, you can follow the next 3 steps to recover deleted data from iDevice:
- Launch iFonebox. Choose Recover from iOS Device mode. Please connect your iDevice to the computer so as to scan data from it.
- Scan data from iPhone or iPad.
- Preview and select deleted data to recover.
Notes: if you have an iTunes or iCloud backup for your lost data, you can also choose Recover from iTunes/iCloud Backup mode.
It is quite convenient and functional to recover deleted data from iPhone or iPad with iFonebox, especially the new version of iFonebox 2.1.3. Next is a video shows you more about iFonebox 2.1.3.


text:
A team of doctors from Heart Hospital in London working in cooperation with computer animators managed to develop a very realistic computer model that allows investigating theanatomy of human heart in perspectives that are not possible in real patients.
Thanks to specialists from the post-production company calledGlassworks, the computer model of the beating heart can be used to manipulate the image with the help of a computer mouse or keyboard.
One can rotate the virtual heart around any axis and observe the organ from both inside and outside. In addition, it is possible to set a normal beat of the heart, or imitate the effects of different conditions and diseases of the organ, informs New Scientist.
According to its developers, the computer model of human heart might also help medical students better understand the organ's features and should give a helpful reference tool for heart experts.
From Physics Great site infoniac.com


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While non-native exotic plants provide many benefits in sustainable urban landscapes, increasingly their presence is believed to be bad.
(2011) Journal of Landscape and Urban Planning essay. This essay by James Hitchmough, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom, provides a perspective on non-invasive exotic plant species in relation to sustainable designed urban plantings. It considers the reasons why, despite their ubiquitous presence in most towns and cities, non-invasive exotic plants are increasingly believed to be either hazardous or at the very least incompatible with urban sustainability notions. Exotic species are reviewed in relation to key measures of what sustainable planting might entail, for example the capacity to minimize carbon expenditure, support biodiversity and how these species play a positive role in human perception of designed landscapes.


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Farm to Early Care and Education (Farm to ECE) initiatives generate similarbenefits as Farm to School programs. However, there is a lack of research aboutlocal food procurement in Farm to ECE programs. We provide a descriptiveevaluation of how 12 child care centers that participated in a Farm to ECEprogram procured local food. We found that centers purchased low volumes atthe beginning of the program, creating challenges for establishing viablerelationships with local food suppliers. Centers employed strategies such asbuilding relationships with distributors and retailers, picking up local food, andaggregating demand with other centers and families to create successfulprograms
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BMW X5 xDrive45e Charging Time Explained
The automotive industry's electrifying evolution has seen the rise of exceptional plug-in hybrid vehicles, and BMW's X5 xDrive45e is a notable frontrunner in this electrified revolution.
As the automotive landscape shifts towards sustainability, potential buyers are keenly interested in understanding the charging dynamics of these innovative vehicles. In this article, we explore the intricacies of the BMW X5 xDrive45e charging time, shedding light on the factors that influence it and strategies to optimize the charging experience.
Understanding Charging Methods
The BMW X5 xDrive45e provides users with the flexibility of charging both at home and through public charging stations. The vehicle supports Level 1 and Level 2 charging options, allowing users to tailor their charging approach based on their preferences and requirements.
Home Charging: Users can conveniently charge their X5 xDrive45e at home using a standard household outlet (Level 1) or a dedicated home charger (Level 2). Charging from zero to full on a typical 7kW home charging point takes approximately 6 hours and 40 minutes, ensuring a full battery for the next journey.
Public Charging Stations: On-the-go charging is facilitated through public charging stations that adhere to the J1772 standard. The charging time at these stations may vary based on factors such as the station's power capacity and the chosen charging option.
Factors Influencing Charging Time
Several factors contribute to the BMW X5 xDrive45e charging time, and understanding these variables is crucial for an optimal charging experience.
Power Capacity of Charging Point: The charging time is significantly influenced by the power capacity of the chosen charging point. Higher-capacity chargers, like Level 2 chargers, generally offer faster charging compared to standard household outlets.
Battery State of Charge (SOC): The starting point of the battery's state of charge impacts overall charging time. Charging sessions aimed at "topping up" the battery rather than a full charge often result in shorter durations.
Smart Charging Features: Leveraging the smart charging features of the BMW X5 xDrive45e enhances the charging experience. Users can schedule charging sessions, taking advantage of off-peak electricity rates to optimize cost savings.
Important: EV battery replacement can cost $1000s. To avoid high-voltage battery replacement, there are some things you can do. Read this article to find out the 10 best ways to maximize EV battery life and save tons of money!
Optimizing Charging Efficiency
To maximize the BMW X5 xDrive45e charging capabilities, users can adopt strategies to enhance efficiency and potentially reduce charging times.
Utilize Smart Chargers: Investing in smart chargers with scheduling capabilities empowers users to align charging with lower electricity rates during off-peak hours, contributing to significant cost savings over time.
Explore EV-Friendly Tariffs: Pairing the X5 xDrive45e with an EV-friendly energy tariff, as highlighted in previous discussions, can result in substantial savings, making electric driving not only environmentally conscious but also economically sound.
Consider Battery Maintenance: While not directly related to charging time, proper maintenance of the vehicle's battery, as suggested in the forum, can contribute to long-term efficiency and sustained performance.
Also read: EV Battery in Hot Temperature: 5 Things to Know
Conclusion
Understanding the nuances of charging times is crucial for an enhanced driving experience in the realm of electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles. The BMW X5 xDrive45e, with its adaptable charging options and smart features, exemplifies a harmonious blend of performance and sustainability.
As users embark on the journey of electrified driving, optimizing charging times becomes a strategic move towards a greener and more cost-effective automotive future, both at home and on the road


Job Design - Meaning, Steps and its Benefits
Job design follows job analysis i.e. it is the next step after job analysis. It aims at outlining and organising tasks, duties and responsibilities into a single unit of work for the achievement of certain objectives. It also outlines the methods and relationships that are essential for the success of a certain job. In simpler terms it refers to the what, how much, how many and the order of the tasks for a job/s.
Job design essentially involves integrating job responsibilities or content and certain qualifications that are required to perform the same. It outlines the job responsibilities very clearly and also helps in attracting the right candidates to the right job. Further it also makes the job look interesting and specialised.
There are various steps involved in job design that follow a logical sequence, those that were mentioned earlier on. The sequence is as follows:
 1. What tasks are required to e done or what tasks is part of the job?
 2. How are the tasks performed?
 3. What amount are tasks are required to be done?
 4. What is the sequence of performing these tasks?
All these questions are aimed at arriving upon a clear definition of a specific job and thereby make it less risky for the one performing the same. A well defined job encourages feeling of achievement among the employees and a sense of high self esteem.
The whole process of job design is aimed to address various problems within the organisational setup, those that pertain to ones description of a job and the associated relationships. More specifically the following areas are fine tuned:
 - Checking the work overload.
 - Checking upon the work under load.
 - Ensuring tasks are not repetitive in nature.
 - Ensuring that employees don not remain isolated.
 - Defining working hours clearly.
 - Defining the work processes clearly.
The above mentioned are factors that if not taken care of result into building stress within the employees.
Benefits of Job Design
The following are the benefits of a good job design:
 1. Employee Input: A good job design enables a good job feedback. Employees have the option to vary tasks as per their personal and social needs, habits and circumstances in the workplace.
 2. Employee Training: Training is an integral part of job design. Contrary to the philosophy of "leave them alone' job design lays due emphasis on training people so that are well aware of what their job demands and how it is to be done.
 3. Work / Rest Schedules: Job design offers good work and rest schedule by clearly defining the number of hours an individual has to spend in his/her job.
 4. Adjustments: A good job designs allows for adjustments for physically demanding jobs by minimising the energy spent doing the job and by aligning the manpower requirements for the same.
Job design is a continuous and ever evolving process that is aimed at helping employees make adjustments with the changes in the workplace. The end goal is reducing dissatisfaction, enhancing motivation and employee engagement at the workplace.
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Twins Seven-Seven, The Spirits of My Reincarnation Brothers and Sisters
Ink, batik, dye, watercolor, acrylic, and oil on cloth
Credit Line
Museum purchase with funds provided by Rob and Frances Kohler, 2018
58 in. x 60 in.
This astonishingly detailed painting represents Twins's reworking of a subject he addressed in a 1968–69 canvas of the same name. George Jevremović—owner of Material Culture, an imports retailer in the East Falls neighborhood of Philadelphia where Twins was an artist-in-residence in the 2000s— challenged the artist to create a work as spectacular as his earlier iteration. Exceeding both men's expectations, Twins created this version.
The title derives from Twins's status as an abiku child, one who has strong ties to the spirit world. When an abiku child is born, the spirit world tries to reclaim him, which results in an earthly death in childhood or shortly thereafter. Twins experienced this death several times himself. According to the artist, he was born as a twin six different times to his mother, who lost all twelve of these children within their first few years of life. Only when he was born a seventh time, again as a twin, did he survive, though his twin sister would not.
In this version, the "brothers and sisters" are his brothers and sisters on this earth, not biologically related siblings, but the Nigerian people he knew who depended on him. They are depicted as musicians in a band, along with spirits. The figure in the center is Twins' self-portrait.
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Akiko Sakurai (Biwa)
Português | 日本語 | Español
In this fourth program of the series of solo concerts named Music in the Castle (Música no Castelo), organized by the Japan Foundation, we will present the noble court instrument, the Biwa, with the musician Akiko Sakurai, interpreter of this instrument.
The Biwa is a stringed instrument, shaped very similarly to the European lute. Within Shintoism, it is the instrument chosen by Benten, goddess of music, eloquence, poetry, and education, but the origin of this instrument is not Japan.
The Biwa comes from a Chinese lute called Pipa, which in turn was influenced by a Middle Eastern Persian instrument called the Barbat. In Japan, the Biwa arrived from China during the Nara period (A.D. 710-759), and it was during this period that the Gagaku court orchestra entered Japan.
This type of Biwa is called Gaku-Biwa, used mainly in the Gagaku Orchestra, and is the best known type. Another type of Biwa found its way into the Kyushu region. Thinner ones, called Moso-Biwa or Kojin-Biwa, were used in ceremonies and religious rites.
However, despite its popularity, during the Ōnin War, a civil war that lasted from 1467 to 1477, the subsequent period of war between the fiefdoms interrupted the teaching of the Biwa and decreased further with the end of Todo, a divination method created by Yokohama Marumitsu, a great defender of the Biwa music. In the Meiji period, Biwa players lost their patronage.
Furthermore, the reforms arising from the Meiji Restoration (_PHONE_) led to the massive and rapid industrialization and modernization of Japan, which shaped its development inspired by Europe and the United States, praising the Western culture; consequently, traditional arts were considered to be outdated, and the Biwa did not escape this saga.
Biwa's reproduction and manufacturing almost died out during the Meiji Period, when Western music and its instruments became popular. At the end of 1940, the Biwa, already a Japanese tradition, was almost completely abandoned with the introduction of Western instruments.
However, thanks to the collaborative efforts of Japanese musicians, interest in Biwa is being revived. Both Japanese and foreign musicians have started to embrace traditional Japanese instruments, particularly the Biwa, and their compositions. While blind Biwa singers, who had a consolidated tradition, were also not excluded, many artists began to use the instrument in traditional and contemporary ways.
Nowadays, we still have some rare period instruments that served as a model in order for the Biwa to be made in Japan. Preserved since the Nara period, similar instruments are manufactured in small numbers until today.
The Biwa music is based on a pentatonic scale (a five-tone scale or five notes), which means that each octave has five notes. This scale sometimes includes supplementary notes, but the core remains pentatonic. The rhythm in Biwa songs and narratives allows broad pulse flexibility (rhythmic tempo). The songs don't have a defined tempo, although in contemporary compositions the definite rhythm becomes present. The notes played on the Biwa generally start slow and smooth and progress through gradual accelerations, increasing and decreasing rhythm during the entire performance. The Biwa's texture combined with singing are often compared to minimalist aesthetics.
There are seven types of Biwa:
- Gagaku Biwa
A large and heavy instrument with four strings and four frets. Its plectrum is small and thin, often of round shape, and made of solid materials, such as ivory. It was not used to accompany singing, and is played laterally, like a guitar, and in a sitting position.
- Gogen Biwa
This is a Biwa with the thinnest body, which was removed from court orchestras during the 10th century, as well as from Chinese orchestras. Not to be confused with the five-string variants.
- Moso Biwa
Also with a narrower body, its plectrum varies in size and material. It was widely used by monks in Buddhist mantras.
- Heike Biwa
This is a smaller instrument than the original Biwa, with four strings and five frets, and a slightly larger plectrum. It was widely used by minstrels, travelers in the Edo period (_PHONE_), as its small size helped in the portability during their travel.
- Satsuma Biwa
With four strings, very popular during the Edo period, in Satsuma Province, present day Kagoshima, the instrument has gone through some changes in the frets, allowing for bent notes and effects. The plectrum is much larger and allows for percussive techniques, by striking it on the body of the instrument. The body is made of hardwood, such as the Japanese mulberry, though the construction process, depending on the maturation of the wood, would last for years: 10 years after the wood was cut, and from then the craft process would start. Its strings were made of silk. Tsuruta Kinshi was a great player, who developed his own style using the 5-string Biwa.
- Chikuzen Biwa
There were two models, with four strings and four frets or five strings and five frets. Popularized during the Meiji Period by Tachibana Satosada, most contemporary artists use the 5-string version. The plectrum is smaller than that of other models and its weight will depend on it being played by a man or a woman. Men also played wider instruments. The tunings varied according to the singers' songs and vocal range.
- Nishiki Biwa
This is the modern Biwa, with five strings and five frets, popularized by Suito Kinjo. Its plectrum is the same as that used in the Satsuma Biwa.
With the modern Biwa, several attempts have been made to compose not only songs of classical style, but also new songs, solos and in sets. Some songs are composed according to the classical style, but the Satsuma Biwa has a great percussive effect and is often played in modern music.
For instance, November Steps and Eclipse, by the great composer Toru Takemitsu (_PHONE_), are widely known.
The Biwa is no doubt one of the most important instruments in Japanese classical music and history. Since arriving in Japan, in the Nara period, its universe has adapted to several historical moments and different musical styles.
It is often said that the largest freshwater lake in Japan, Lake Biwa (Biwa-ko), located within Shiga Prefecture, on the island of Honshu (main island), was so named due to its shape, similar to the Biwa instrument. We also often see ceramics that represent this instrument.
Akiko Sakurai
Musician, interpreter of the Biwa and professor at the Satsuma Biwa Diffusion Association, Akiko Sakurai studied the Satsuma Biwa with Yukio Tanaka, while attending the Tokyo College of Music.
As one of the representatives of traditional Japanese music, she has performed in several countries, such as Hungary, Canada, the United States, Hawaii, China, Italy, and Indonesia.
In the United States, she participated in the APAP Festival in New York, in 2011 and 2012, presented the "Miminashi Hoichi" project, at the Metropolitan Museum, has held a workshop at The Juilliard School, and performed at the University of Massachusetts, Boston.
She has also toured 40 cities in Japan, performing with Kei Ogura, a renowned Satsuma Biwa musician, singer, and songwriter.
She has actively worked in collaboration with other artists, such as Kiyoshi Hikawa, Ayako Fuji, Sayuri Ishikawa, Hashinosuke Nakamura, Mitsuyo Asaka, and GACKT, and has been on educational programs on TV networks, the radio, and schools across the country.
Throughout her career, she has earned major achievements, such as the Top Prize in the Biwa Music Competition in Japan, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan Award, and the President NHK Award.
She came to Brazil for the first time in 2015, as an official promoter of traditional Japanese culture, performing in various Brazilian cities.
In 2018, on the 110th Anniversary of the Japanese immigration in Brazil, she played the important work of Toru Takemitsu, November Steps, an original composition for the Shakuhachi, Biwa and Orchestra, at the Municipal Theater of São Paulo. It was the first presentation of this modern composition using the Biwa and Shakuhachi in Latin America. At the time, Shen Kyomei Ribeiro played the Shakuhachi.
In the solo concert of this program, Akiko will perform two historical narratives in the storytelling style, the classic way of playing and presenting the Biwa.
Gion Shoja
The sound of the Gion Shōja bell echoes the impermanence of all things
(Gion Shoja's bells chimes, just as people stop behaving as usual.)
The color of the Sāla flowers reveals the truth that the prosperous must decline.
(When Buddha left, even the most prosperous elements, such as Sara Soju's flowers, wilted due to grief)
The proud do not endure.
(The same applies to the proud and arrogant, who will eventually lose their power)
They are like a dream on a spring night
(The alternation between


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Bronx Zoo Summer Camps
This summer, explore the wonders of wildlife! Each day will bring new adventures for Bronx Zoo campers during an unforgettable summer experience at the world's largest urban zoo. Whether setting out on an African safari to see lions, wild dogs, and hyenas; exploring Congo Gorilla Forest in search of endangered lowland gorillas; discovering the unique wildlife in Madagascar; or trekking through mountains in search of a rare snow leopard, children will discover the amazing diversity of the animal kingdom. Don't miss your chance to register for this thrilling summer adventure!
Type of camp
Co-ed, between 4 and 17 years of age
Special Needs Children
Please call to discuss your child's specific needs.
Ilyssa Gilman, Assistant Director of Education
2300 Southern Blvd
Bronx, New York 10460
ActivitiesOutdoor, Science/Nature, Live animal encounters
Activity Periods per Day


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type, sun exposure, and irrigation.
The type of soil plays a significant role in determining the appropriate spacing distance for bells of Ireland. These plants thrive in moderately fertile and well-draining soils. The soil should be rich in organic matter and should not hold onto water as waterlogged soil can cause root rot. You can test your soil type by performing a soil analysis to determine the pH level, nutrient level, and soil texture. Usually, the soil should have enough space for the plant to grow freely while preventing overcrowding, which could compromise growth. Spacing for bells of Ireland should be about 15 to 18 inches apart in all directions.
Bells of Ireland need full sunlight to grow optimally. Adequate sun exposure allows the plants to produce more buds and flowers, making them more attractive. When determining the plant spacing, gardeners should consider the amount of sunlight the area receives. If the soil gets partial or minimal sunlight, then the plants should be spaced at least 18 inches apart. If the soil receives full sunlight, a spacing distance of 12-15 inches is acceptable.
Bells of Ireland require moderate watering to thrive. Gardeners should ensure that the soil is evenly moist, but not waterlogged. Overwatering can cause root rot, which can result in the plant dying. On the other hand, inadequate watering can lead to the plant withering. When planting, the gardener should not place the plants too close to each other, as it can lead to overcrowding, causing the plants to compete for water. Therefore, the recommended spacing for bells of Ireland must be 15-18 inches apart.
In conclusion, spacing for bells of Ireland plants is necessary to ensure healthy growth, proper airflow, and pest control. Three important factors gardeners must consider before deciding on the appropriate spacing distance are soil type, sun exposure, and irrigation. For best results, gardeners should space their bells of Ireland plants about 15-18 inches apart in all directions. Taking these factors into consideration will help gardeners enjoy the beauty of these delightful plants for years to come.
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Are there any tips or best practices for spacing bells of Ireland to create an attractive and healthy display?
Bells of Ireland, also known as Moluccella laevis, are beautiful and unique flowers that are often used in a variety of floral arrangements. However, when spacing these plants, it is important to keep in mind certain tips and best practices in order to create an attractive and healthy display.
First and foremost, it is essential to space bells of Ireland plants properly. These plants can grow up to 3 feet tall and about 18 inches wide. Therefore, spacing should be at least 18 inches apart. This ensures that there is enough room for each plant to grow to its full potential.
Bells of Ireland require well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Before planting, it is recommended to amend the soil with compost or other organic materials. Additionally, it is important to ensure that the soil remains moist but not waterlogged.
Sun and Water
Bells of Ireland require full sun to partial shade, with at least 6 hours of direct sunlight each day to thrive. It is also essential to provide adequate water for these plants. They require consistent moisture, especially during dry spells. However, overwatering can lead to root rot and other fungal diseases.
Bells of Ireland plants require regular fertilization to maintain healthy growth and abundant blooms. It is best to use a balanced fertilizer that is high in phosphorus, which promotes flower production. Fertilize the plants about once a month during the growing season, but be sure not to over-fertilize, which can cause weak and spindly growth.
To encourage healthy growth and prolong the blooming period of bells of Ireland, it is essential to prune them regularly. Deadhead the fading flowers by pinching them off at the base of the stem. Pruning encourages the plant to produce new blooms and also helps to keep the plant tidy.
In conclusion, these are some best practices and tips for spacing bells of Ireland to create an attractive and healthy display. Proper spacing, well-draining soil, adequate sun and water, regular fertilization, and consistent pruning are essential for the healthy growth and abundant blooms of bells of Ireland. Follow these tips, and you'll enjoy a beautiful display of these lovely and unique flowers.
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Frequently asked questions
- Bells of Ireland should be spaced at least 12-18 inches apart to give them proper room to grow and thrive.
- While it may be tempting to plant bells of Ireland closer together, it is best to stick to the recommended spacing to ensure proper air circulation and prevent overcrowding.
- Yes, bells of Ireland can be planted in a container as long as it is large enough to accommodate their root system and drainage is adequate.
- Bells of Ireland prefer full sun to light shade. They will grow best when they receive at least 6 hours of direct sunlight each day.
- Bells of Ireland don't require any special care when it comes to spacing. However, it is important to make sure they have enough room to grow and that they are planted in well-draining soil.