Transport in the Phloem
Transport of Organic Solutes
 1. Girdling Experiments:
 2. Assimilates: products of assimilation & metabolism
The Pressure-Flow Mechanism
 1. Study how the laboratory system with the two osmometers is set up and how it works. This system shows how bulk flow occurs in the phloem of plants.
 2. Bulk flow (mass flow).
 3. Flow through the sieve tubes is passive, occurring in response to the pressure gradient caused by osmotic diffusion of water into sieve tubes at the source end of the system & out of the sieve tubes at the sink end of the system.
 4. Cytoplasmic streaming does not occur in mature sieve elements & thus cannot play a role in phloem transport.
Two osmometers illustrating the pressure-flow theory of solute translocation
A lab model showing two osmometers that illustrates the pressure-flow theory of solute translocation in phloem
Testing the Hypothesis

 1. Phloem anatomy
 2. Rates of Phloem Transport
 3. Transported Solutes
 4. Phloem Loading: Mesophyll cells have osmotic potentials of -1.3 to -1.8 MPa. Sieve elements in leaves have osmotic potentials of -2.0 to -30. MPa. Osmotic potential is caused by presence of sugars. Sugar concentration is approximately 1.5 - 3 times higher in sieve elements than surrounding mesophyll cells.
 5. Phloem Unloading: maintains low phloem turgor pressures at the sink. Solute unloaded at sink can then be absorbed into developing fruit or other cells. Concentrations can reach values higher than in sieve tubes at source.
 6. Pressure in the Phloem: a pressure gradient occurs in phloem sufficient to account for flow from source to sink. Gradients in osmotic potential in sieve tubes from source to sink have often been measured, with most negative values at source.
 7. Two Problems with Pressure Flow: Substances should move in the phloem not only in the same direction but at the same velocity. Studies seem to contradict this showing that water moved slower than solutes. What accounts for this problem? (see the 2 explanations)
 8. Pressure Flow: Summary: Munch osmometer experiment reviewed. Osmotic system (symplast) with surrounding membranes exists in the plant, & pressures are observed in the transport system. The medium with high water potential around the source phloem tissues is the hydrated apoplast.
Partitioning & Control Mechanisms
 1. Photosynthesis & Sink Demand
 2. Metabolically Driven Gradients
 3. Phloem Unloading
 4. Growth Regulator Directed Transport
 5. Turgor Sensing in Sugar Transport
 6. Control of Fruit & Vegetable Composition


text:
|Title||Elizabeth Kortright Monroe|
|Collection||First Lady Dolls|
Elizabeth Kortright Monroe (_PHONE_)
Wife of James Monroe - First Lady from _PHONE_
Elizabeth Monroe was born in New York City, New York on June 30, 1768. Her physical appearance is described as five feet tall with black hair and blue eyes. She was a very youthful and beautiful woman throughout her life.
At 17 years old, Elizabeth married James Monroe on February 16, 1786. They moved several places including New York City, Virginia, Fredericksburg, and finally Charlottesville so James could be near his close friend, Thomas Jefferson.
At 48 years old, Elizabeth became the First Lady on March 4, 1817 and continued until March 4, 1825. Elizabeth was the complete opposite of the former First Lady, Dolley Madison. While Dolley loved her role as a public figure, Elizabeth was reserved by nature and was happy to hide in the shadows of the spotlight. She was both very youthful in appearance and very fragile with bad health. When she did appear at receptions and other public events she appeared youthful and capable to others; however she was always accompanied and carefully guarded by a circle of female relatives. She suffered from what was known as "the falling sickness," today known as epilepsy. Understanding of epilepsy was little to none back then and it was thought to be a mental illness, making it very unlikely that the Monroe's would have been willing to disclose any details on her condition.
She was desperately in poor health after President Monroe's Administration ended. Her health forced them to stay in the White House three weeks after he was no longer President. They moved near Washington D.C. after where she assumed no public roles.
Elizabeth died in Loudoun County, Virginia on September 23, 1830 at age 62.
|Event||Bicentennial First Lady Doll Exhibit - Community Project|
|Creator||Park, Phyllis Juhlin|
|Costume||Freeman, Mary Rich|
|Given||Given by Leora F. Jacobe and Dora B. Freestone in honor of Jennie L. Freestone|
|Source||Uintah County Library|

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


How complicated can it be? Isn't it just a trailer that runs like a refrigerator?
Image: Utility 3000R with Thermo King S-600 Reefer Unit
True, to a certain degree. There are a lot of variables when it comes to a refrigerator that moves through different weather, varying temperatures from day and night, and how well the product holds the temperature.
Image: Thermo King Precedent S-600 by Thermo King
There are two types of refrigerated tempature settings: Continuous and Cycle-Sentry
Continuous. Although this is energy intensive, it provides the most protection of your product while in transit. The produce industry requires that the continuous setting must be used when transporting fruits and vegetables. Produce needs continuous air flow to handle the product respiration and to keep consistent temperature throughout the trip. The reefer unit would have a "Set Point" that is manually set by the driver, and have it run at the specified temperature as instructed on the Bill of Lading (BOL) to prevent product damage.
The continuous setting will have a defrost cycle to remove ice or frost buildup from the coil. These units typically have an automatic defrost based on the temperature difference it detects, but otherwise would run a cycle every 6 hours by default. This should not affect the product being transported since the ambient temperature will change faster than the temperature of the product, and the cycle would shut off before it becomes a problem.
Cycle-Sentry. Commonly used to transport chilled and frozen products, this setting saves fuel and reefer hours. Carriers prefer this setting since it extends the life of the reefer unit, which is fairly expensive to maintain, repair and eventually replace. The driver would set a temperature, and the reefer unit would turn on and shut off as it automatically manages the ambient temperature of the trailer.
Running the reefer on cycle-sentry has risks associated with it, since the temperature would have minor fluctuations as the air isn't continuously flowing. To mitigate some of the risks of running cycles, one method would be to have the reefer unit run every "x" minutes for "y" minutes regardless of the current temperature. This would in turn, still save significant fuel and reefer hours, while keeping the product being transported at temperature.
Interesting things to keep in mind when moving temperature controlled freight.
 - Frozen products generally stay cold longer than chilled product without the refrigeration unit running, which in turn leads to less fuel usage and fewer reefer hours being used.
 - Transporting product that is refrigerated, but not frozen, through areas with freezing temperatures, the trailer is actually heating up the trailer to keep the product from freezing.
 - The frequency of opening the trailer doors will affect the temperature, and may cause fluctuations on the temperature recorder. This will happen when there are multiple stops.
 - To move refrigerated freight in California, the reefer unit must be CARB compliant. Most approved units have 7 years of compliance before it needs to be replaced, and some units are approved for its lifetime because the emissions meet the special requirements of the regulations.
BOA Logistics values and treats a customer's freight as our own and always emphasizes the instructions on the Bill of Lading (BOL) to all carriers. We truly believe in our company mission statement:
"We are the protectors of clients' dreams by getting their creations to market at the right time for maximum effect."
Partner with us today, we have the solutions for your freight!
Get a Quote Now


text:
, the informal fallacy of affirming the presence of a causal relationship on anything less than adequate grounds. Post hoc, ergo propter hoc is a common variety of this fallacy. Example: "After drinking milk for twenty years, Melanie became addicted to cocaine. Therefore, drinking milk caused her cocaine addiction".
[A Dictionary of Philosophical Terms and Names]
Try this search on OneLook / Google

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Aims of the project
Aims are linked to ongoing exchange of ideas to progress teaching and learning in both schools.
it will be seen as successful if the frequency of meetings and exchange events trigger improvements in practice in either school. Senior managers and pupils have already gained from the links.
Background and goals
- The project was initiated at the joint initiative of the respective head teachers.
- The Head of Gartree made an initial approach which was reciprocated.
- The partnership took place during the academic year 2014/15.
- Time availability is the only real resource critical factor.
- Facilities, such as Leicester Grammar's performance spaces may be shared from time to time.
- Currently it is focussed on SMT and teaching staff.
The outcomes will be judged by review carried out by the respective heads on an annual basis. Lessons learnt and possible improvements will be judged and incorporated in future work. It is seen as a long term linkage.
All from the age of 10 to 18 may be involved. An example is the annual Mathematics challenge competition in which Garyree has entered at least one team of Year 7 pupils. The competition is run by Leicester Grammar schools mathematics staff with help from Years 12 and 13 pupils. This is a co-educational experience.
Frequency and duration
The mathematics challenge is annual event but otherwise like events are ongoing throughout the academic year.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Buttercup Information | Evidenced-Based Supplement Guide on MedicineNet.com - How does Buttercup work?
How does Buttercup work?
Buttercup contains toxins which are very irritating to the skin and the lining of the mouth, stomach, and intestines. There is not enough information to know how buttercup might work for medicinal uses.
Are there safety concerns?
Fresh buttercup is UNSAFE. It may cause severe irritation of the digestive tract, with colic and diarrhea. Irritation of the bladder and urinary tract can also occur. Skin contact may cause blisters and burns that are difficult to heal. It can also increase the risk of sunburn.
Some of the toxins in fresh buttercup might be destroyed in the drying process, but there isn't enough information to know if dried buttercup might be safe.
Do not take buttercup if:
 - You are pregnant or breast-feeding.
Dosing considerations for Buttercup.
The appropriate dose of buttercup depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for buttercup. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.
Therapeutic Research Faculty copyright
Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration


text: One of Madrid's oldest museums, dating back to 1867, this shares the same building as the Biblioteca Nacional and Museo del Libro. It traces the evolution of human cultures, from prehistoric times up to the 15th century, and the collection of artefacts includes finds from the Iberian, Celtic, Greek, Egyptian, Punic, Roman, Paleochristian, Visigothic and Muslim cultures. Remarkably, the great majority of pieces came from excavations carried out within Spain, illustrating the extraordinary continuity and diversity of human settlement in the Iberian peninsula. To tour the whole museum in chronological order, begin in the basement, which holds palaeontological material such as skulls, tombs and a mammoth's tusks, still attached to its skull. Some of the most interesting relics are from the area around Madrid itself, such as the many 4,000-year-old neolithic bell-shaped pottery bowls. The first floor holds the museum's most famous possession, the Dama de Elche, the intricate stone bust of an Iberian priestess, believed to date from 500BC. Further up, the usual definition of archaeology is stretched to include interesting exhibitions on post-Roman Visigothic and Muslim Spain, with wonderful ceramics and fine metalwork from Moorish Andalucia. After that there is a whole series of rooms dedicated to pieces from the Middle Ages and later eras. In the garden, steps lead underground to a reproduction of the renowned Altamira prehistoric cave paintings in Cantabria.


text:
Kiwi is a great snack that your sheep will love. Goats love the kiwifruit's green flesh. Kiwi contains Vitamin E, C, K, fibers, folate, potassium & copper.
Kiwi can also make the coat of your pet shine during the summer months. Kiwi contains potassium, which can prevent your goats from dehydrating in extreme heat.
The kiwifruits you feed your goats could boost the milk they produce as they lactate.
Your goats can be fed fruit kiwifruits at least once a week.
Kiwi is also good for your heart and goats. It assists in regulating blood pressure, sugar levels, and insulin. Kiwi is an excellent source of fiber to prevent your goat's constipation.
Can Goats Eat Kiwis
- Aside from their main meals, giving your goats fruits is a good idea.
- The goats can eat more meat than other farm animals.
- To increase the goats' meal plans, you can introduce fruits.
- Assume that you have lots of kiwi fruits.
- Kiwi can be scary for goats. It's not clear if Kiwi is safe or harmful to goats.
- In this blog post, you'll learn whether you can feed your goats with Kiwis.
- Can goats have Kiwi? Kiwi is safe to eat for goats as it has soft skin and a sweet, delicate texture. Kiwi fruit provides extra fibers for goats. Kiwi is a rich source of vitamin A which strengthens the goat's immune system.
It would help if you slowly introduced Kiwis to the goats. Watch their reactions to the fruit.
This will help you decide whether to continue or stop feeding the goat's kiwis.
Kiwi benefits for goats
Kiwi is highly nutritious in multivitamins and fiber and delicious. Your goat can get adequate vitamin C from Kiwi, which is excellent for growth and repair.
Kiwi is rich in fiber which makes goats' digestive systems more efficient. Kiwi can aid in bowel movement and prevent constipation.
You can make the goat's dull hair shiny by giving it a kiwi.
Kiwi's rich nutrients can make goats' hair shiny. In the same way, the magnesium found in Kiwi may provide adequate water for goats and prevent them from becoming dehydrated during hot summer days.
Cornell University states that Vitamin K in Kiwi protects goats against severe injury and excessive blood losses. Vitamin K makes blood clot faster in the case of severe damage.
If you have a Kiwi, you can increase the agility and strength of your weak goat.
Vitamins D, found in Kiwi, provide calcium and magnesium for goats. This makes the bones more robust and hardier. You can also feed goats Pumpkins.
A healthy Kiwi diet will help keep blood sugar and blood pressure regular. You can also feed strawberries to goats. Here are some other good foods for goats.
- Bamboo for Goats
- Goats love apples
- Asparagus Goats
- Improves Digestion
As I mentioned before, kiwis possess an enzyme that can aid in the breakdown of proteins. This can make it easier to digest goat food and absorb nutrients.
- Kiwis are a good source of fiber, which can help improve digestion.
- Good source of Vitamins, Minerals, and Antioxidants
Kiwis are rich sources of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. These nutrients can benefit goats' health and help keep them looking great.
Vitamin C, potassium, and manganese are some vitamins found in kiwis.
Vitamin C is essential for immunity boosters. Kiwis are a great source of vitamin C that can keep goats well and prevent them from becoming sick.
Aside from the health benefits, kiwis also contain antioxidants that can protect goats from various diseases.
What about Kiwi Skin? Is it safe for goats?
You might feed your goat the skin of a kiwi. It is okay if some seeds in the Kiwi are broken. Kiwi seeds won't cause any irritation to your goats' stomachs, intestines, or esophagus. The high fiber content of the skin will aid in maintaining a goat's healthy digestive system.
Can Goat Kids Eat Kiwi?
Your goats can safely eat kiwifruits. But you will want to ensure they are not consuming too many kiwifruits daily. High levels of sugar can harm their growth and developmental process.
How to Serve Kiwi To The Goats
Before giving the Kiwi to the goats, you must cut off the skin.
If the goats take the Kiwi, you can offer it without slicing the skin next time.
The goats will only eat the fruit if it is palatable to them. Otherwise, they'll sniff it out and ignore it.
Kiwi is also known to be Chinese goose Berry. It has many nutritional properties. The Kiwi measures the same as a grape but has a unique taste.
Because you don't know the reaction of your goats to the Kiwi, you can mix it up with other fruits to offer it as a treat.
What is toxic to goats
You can find poisonous plants in azaleas and sumac and China berries, sumacs, dog fennel, bracken ferns, curly docks, and eastern Baccharis. Honeysuckle, nightshade. Red root pigweed. Black cherry. Virginia creeper.
Kiwi has a unique flavor and texture so that goats can eat it. Use Kiwi sparingly when serving goats.
The goat can also eat the skin of Kiwi. The kiwi skin is edible for goats.


text:
Access to safe drinking water is a pressing social policy issue globally. Despite the milestones reached in this area of Canadian public health, marginalized and vulnerable populations, including those founded on racialized identity, such as First Nations, continue to be plagued by accessibility issues. This work sheds new perspective on the issue, arguing for a research and policy focus that is inclusive of risk perception. A model of risk perception of drinking water is developed and tested for First Nations on reserve in Canada using the 2001 Aboriginal Peoples Survey. It is shown that the analytical use of racialized identity advances understanding of risk perception and the environment (water). Moreover, a large degree of heterogeneity within the First Nation population across a number of social determinants of risk perception illustrates the shortcomings of framing the issue in a simplistic manner (First Nation population versus general population). Implications for risk research, including risk communication & management, and policy are provided.
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 3.0 License.
"Is it Safe?" Risk Perception and Drinking Water in a Vulnerable Population. The International Indigenous Policy Journal, 3(3)
. Retrieved from: _URL_


text:
Radio occultation of the Venusian atmosphere and bistatic radiolocation of the surface of Venus using the Venera-9 and Venera-10 satellites
Article first published online: 7 DEC 2012
Copyright 1979 by the American Geophysical Union.
Volume 14, Issue 1, pages 163–173, January-February 1979
How to Cite
1979), Radio occultation of the Venusian atmosphere and bistatic radiolocation of the surface of Venus using the Venera-9 and Venera-10 satellites, Radio Sci., 14(1), 163–173, doi:10.1029/RS014i001p00163., , , , and (
- Issue published online: 7 DEC 2012
- Article first published online: 7 DEC 2012
- Manuscript Received: 29 SEP 1976
Experimental results for the radio occultation of the Venusian atmosphere using the Venera-9 and Venera-10 satellites are discussed. The time dependences of the field strength and frequency during immersion of the vehicles behind the planet and during their emersion from behind it are given. The dependences of the refraction index, density, pressure, temperature, and electron number density on the altitude above the planet's surface have been obtained. The results of bistatic radiolocation of the Venus surface with the aid of the Venera-10 satellite are also presented. An analysis is made of the energy spectrum and variations of the Doppler frequency of a radio signal reflected from the planet's surface. The distribution of the relative heights and of rms slopes of irregularities for two areas of the Venusian surface has been found.


text:
Dietetics & Nutrition
Along with a successful surgery/hospital treatment, a well-developed nutrition program plays a vital role in the fast recovery of the patients.
It has been observed that a diet deficient in nutrition, slows down the recovery process and optimum recovery is not achieved.
The Department of Dietetics and Nutrition has a very important role to play in the management of diet in in-patients.
The food service management of Sahaj Hospital, Indore is a class apart.
Objectives of our department:
- Provide the highest quality of food to the patients
- Preparation of food under the most hygienic conditions
- 100% compliance with the doctors diet prescription
- All dietitians are specialists in the assessment of the dietary needs of the patients
We also provide:
- Diet planning at the time of discharge
- Counseling the attendants/relatives of the patient regarding the diet plan to be followed at home
We offer the following types of diet:
- Regular or normal diet
- Liquid diet
- Soft diet
- Restricted diet
- Therapeutic diet
- Diabetic diet
- Renal diet
- Bland diet
- Others (As per the prescription)


Subsymbol Communication
Passing information between symbols is key to getting the most use out of them.
Symbol communication can be broken down into three main subheadings:
 - Accessing controllers
 - Accessing nodes
 - Accessing exported functions and variables
For the purposes of this article, we will use the example of a parent symbol communicating with a subsymbol, though the same is also true of subsymbol-to-subsymbol communication.
Creating an instance of the subsymbol
Before we can proceed we need a variable storing an instance of the subsymbol we want to access within a script node. We'll use this variable to access the information within the subsymbol.
Dragging a subsymbol from the Symbol Definitions Panel into a script and selecting 'Construct symbol' adds code that constructs a new instance of the symbol and assigns it to a variable.
Alternatively, dragging an instance of a subsymbol from the Hierarchy into a script and selecting 'insert local variable' will create a variable referencing the instance created in the Hierarchy.
// constructing from the Symbol Definitions Panel
var mySubsymbolConstructed = symbol.symbolDefinitions.mySubsymbol();
// instance referenced from the Hierarchy
var mySubsymbolInstance = symbol.nodes.mySubsymbol;
Symbols constructed within a script node will not display automatically. For Blank symbols, we recommend adding them to the Hierarchy at runtime using the Z.Group push function. For Screen symbols we recommend using the symbol's display function, for more information see the Screen Symbol article.
Accessing controllers
Accessing the timelines and states of a subsymbol allows us to control the animations from the parent symbol.
In order to activate a state or play a timeline within a subsymbol from the parent symbol, you need to be able to access the controller for that subsymbol.
To access the list of controllers in a subsymbol you use the following syntax:
Adding a further dot will allow you to specify a controller by name:
To access the states and timelines within that controller, which are of the Z.Element type, you use the elements keyword:
From there the individual states and timelines can be accessed:
You can then use the functions of the given state or timeline:
Accessing nodes
You can access the nodes within a subsymbol's Hierarchy using the nodes keyword:
From there the individual nodes can be accessed by name:
You can then use the functions of the node (in this case the Z.Object color function):
Accessing exported functions and variables
Functions and variables can be declared in one script and retrieved in another using the export keyword. The example below uses two script nodes, script1 and script2, within the same symbol.
// script1
export let myVariable;
// script2
The same functionality can be used to access exported variables and functions within subsymbols.
//'myScript' script node within the subsymbol
export let myVariable;
// script node within the parent symbol
zapcode branded_zapcode i


Floral arrest: the end of flowering
Flowering, flowering…stopped.
The initiation of flowering is well understood, but the process by which flowering ends is not. However, in many species, this is an equally dramatic transition. For instance, across the northern hemisphere, huge fields of bright-yellow oilseed rape suddenly turn green at the end of May, marking the end of the flowering period. It has previously been suggested that cumulative production of seed is the primary trigger for the end of flowering, but this model is incompatible with most species. Instead, our current data suggest there is a distinct regulatory mechanism by which individual inflorescences undergo 'floral arrest', at least partially independently of seed set. We are currently investigating the molecular basis for this phenomenon. Our current model suggests that two factors are required for floral arrest; one factor which makes inflorescence meristems competent to arrest, and one which allows meristems to act on that arrest.

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text: Using a qualitative community-based research approach, this study examined the role of family, social support and place attachment during a wildfire evacuation of Indigenous residents in remote Northern Ontario. A total of 56 interviews and two focus group discussions were completed with evacuated band members, those who stayed behind, and people who had a management role during the evacuation. In order to obtain diverse perspectives, two focus groups were conducted with different groups, the first with councillors and elders and the second with youths. The results from the interviews and the focus groups illustrated that evacuation experiences of residents were affected by a range of factors, which overall compromised the resilience of the community to the disruptive impacts of the evacuation. More specifically, the study has shown that scattering residents to twelve hosting communities throughout Ontario and Manitoba caused four major problems: communication and information-sharing were more difficult, families were separated, community cohesion and support services were disrupted, and residents' sense of place attachment was impacted. These findings contribute to a robust understanding of the social and cultural factors influencing wildfire evacuation experiences of Indigenous people and how these influence the ability of residents to cope with or adapt to evacuation-related disruptions. Evacuation planning that takes into account the unique socio-cultural characteristics and vulnerabilities of First Nations can minimise the adverse consequences of hazard evacuations and enhance resilience in the face of disruptions.


text:
Royal Preston Hospital is a teaching hospital which provides a full range of district general hospital services, several specialist regional services, and the major trauma centre for Lancashire and South Cumbria. The hospital has around 700 beds, operating theatre complex, outpatient suites, and education facilities.
The hospital environment can be extremely chaotic. However, it is of the utmost importance that patients, particularly in critical care and other high dependency wards, experience good quality sleep. Royal Preston Hospital was researching how adequate sleep on the ward affects patient recovery. Their staff measured ambient noise in decibels with a traffic light system used to indicate high levels (bad) and low levels (good), collating this data over several points of a 24-hour period in order to identify patterns.
They demonstrated that reductions in noise levels can improve sleep and reduce the incidence of delirium and therefore the overall length of stay of patients. Devices that give traffic light indications for noise levels and other parameters already exist, prompting ward staff to change behaviours. Royal Preston Hospital wanted a similar system that warns when light levels are too high when patients are trying to rest, which could help contribute to quality sleep and therefore to recovery.
A team of four third-year MEng Engineering students developed a potential solution in just over two weeks. They started by developing a product specification with hospital staff, outlining and agreeing on objectives. The group then conducted assessments of the different technologies that could be used, reviewing criteria such as cost, sensitivity, durability, and integration into the ward environment.
They undertook mind-mapping exercises and then developed system concepts illustrating their ideas and shared them with NHS staff to gather feedback. Following this, they developed the prototype, including designs for software and hardware, and tested it at the University. Based on feedback and testing, they produced a final system which included housing, electronics and fully-configurable software.


text:
Definition of Prebasal
1. situated in front of a base [adj]
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Prebasal Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Prebasal
Literary usage of Prebasal
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (1905)
"prebasal plate not exposed. a!.—Ventral pores not existing on segments beyond the... prebasal plate exposed at the middle, the basal plate being a little..."
2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History by American Museum of Natural History (1914)
"The femora; with apreapical and the tibia; with a prebasal and apical fuscous band, with close set fine hairs underneath on the venter and on antenna? and..."
3. The Myology of the Raven (Corvus Corax Sinuatus.): A Guide to the Study of by Robert Wilson Shufeldt (1890)
"Here, in the subject before us, a special slip is thrown off for attachment from the deep flexor tendon as it passes over the prebasal joint in question,..."
4. The Myriapoda of North America by Charles Harvey Bollman (1893)
"Coxal pores one, concealed ; prebasal plate concealed ; coxa of... prebasal plate concealed; anterior coxal pore hidden by ventral plate;..."
5. Bulletin by United States National Museum, Smithsonian Institution (1893)
"Coxal pores one, concealed ; prebasal plate concealed ; coxa of... prebasal plate concealed: anterior coxal poro hidden by ventral plate;..."
6. The Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales by Linnean Society of New South Wales (1884)
"The prebasal ridge of d4 is developed on its outer two-thirds only, and is connected with the anterior lobe by a minute link. The anterior lobe, like all..."
7. The Butterflies of the Eastern United States and Canada: With Special by Samuel Hubbard Scudder, William Morris Davis, Charles William Woodworth, Leland Ossian Howard, Charles Valentine Riley, Samuel Wendell Williston (1889)
"... series of large silvery or buff spots ; there are also infra-mesial and prebasal series of similar spots, the latter usually smaller than the former...."
Other Resources Relating to: Prebasal


text:
This function notifies NDIS that an Ethernet receive packet, identified in a preceding call to the NdisMEthIndicateReceive function, has been fully transferred by the NIC so that NDIS can notify the appropriate bound protocols.
VOID NdisMEthIndicateReceiveComplete( NDIS_HANDLE MiniportAdapterHandle );
[in] Handle originally input to the MiniportInitialize function.
After any Ethernet receive indication, a miniport eventually must call this function to indicate the end of the transfer operation over the net, even if a particular packet is accepted by no bound protocol.
This function both indicates the completion of a transfer operation for a receive and notifies any bound protocol that has already consumed the initial indication that it can begin post processing the received data.
When a miniport calls this function, NDIS indicates the completion of the receive operation to each such protocol by calling its ProtocolReceiveComplete function.
ProtocolReceiveComplete functions need not operate under the severe time constraints of the corresponding ProtocolReceive functions. However, another receive indication to the ProtocolReceive function can come in while the ProtocolReceiveComplete function is running.
A miniport need not call this function in one-to-one correspondence with its calls to the NdisMEthIndicateReceive function. That is, an NIC driver can issue a single receive-complete indication for some number of receive indications, particularly when network traffic is high. For example, when a miniport is continually indicating receives from the same source; it might call this function once for every ten indications. On the other hand, a miniport might call this function once for each indication when network traffic is low so that the driver can promptly regain ownership of the memory that it allocated for receives.
OS Versions: Windows CE .NET 4.0 and later.
Link Library: Ndis.dll.
Last updated on Tuesday, May 18, 2004
© _PHONE_ Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.


text:
Nathaniel Jenks Gilman
- Born: 10 Apr 1819, North Yarmouth ME
- Died: 5 Mar 1867, Portland ME
Silversmith, jeweler, and watchmaker
Events in his life were:
- He worked circa 1840 as a silversmith, jeweler, and watchmaker in Portland ME
- He was a partner in _PHONE_ with Robert Follansbee in Portland ME as GILMAN & FOLLANSBEE from a shop at Old No. 128 Middle Street "at the corner of Union Street." In addition to watches and jewelry, their wares included "silver spoons, spectacles, gold and silver pencil cases, and diamond pointed gold pens. Silver and Britannia ware, butter knives, thimbles, purses, cutlery, combs, brushes, feather dusters, carpet bags, card receivers, together with a prime assortment of useful and fancy articles."
- He worked circa 1850 as a jeweler in Portland ME
Listed in the city directory at 128 Middle Street.
- Advertised in the The Portland Reference Book and City Directory (Portland ME), 1850,
- He appeared on the 1850 census taken at Portland ME, listed as a jeweler.
- He appeared on the 1860 census taken at Portland ME, listed as a jeweler.


Preparing to hot-add SAS disk shelves
Preparing to hot-add a SAS disk shelf involves downloading documents as well as the disk drive and disk shelf firmware.
Before you begin
Note: A mix of IOM12 modules and IOM6 modules is supported within the same stack if your system is running a supported version of ONTAP. To establish whether your version of ONTAP supports shelf mixing, refer to the Interoperability Matrix Tool (IMT).NetApp Interoperability If your version of ONTAP is not supported and you cannot upgrade or downgrade the IOM modules on the existing stack or the new shelf that is to be added to a supported combination of IOM modules, you need to do one of the following:
 - Start a new stack on a new SAS port (if supported by the bridge-pair).
 - Start a new stack on an additional bridge-pair.
 1. Download or view the following documents from the NetApp Support Site:
 2. Verify that the disk shelf you are hot-adding is supported.
 3. Download the latest disk and disk shelf firmware:
 Note: In this step, you are only completing the download portion of the instructions provided in the links. You need to follow the steps found in the Hot-adding a disk shelf section for installing the disk shelf.
 1. Download the disk firmware and make a copy of the disk firmware instructions for reference later.
 2. Download the disk shelf firmware and make a copy of the disk shelf firmware instructions for reference later.


text:
Communicator, Author and Speaker
Everything we do or say, in every way, every day, throughout the day, intentionally and unintentionally, communicates a
positive or negative message to others.
People Connectors is powerful, positive communication.
Online or in the room, all sessions are tailored to fit your needs.
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Through vast life experiences, voracious reading, trial and error and the school of hard knocks, I've learned what works and what doesn't work when it comes to connecting with others. My books, videos and programs provide practical connectors, based on a lifetime of learning. They've immeasurably changed my life and the lives of thousands of educators with whom I've been privileged to share my message.
Let me help you today!


text:
Lou Ann Herda, Ed. D
County Seat - Cameron,
County Courthouse as it appeared in 1939|
Photo courtesy TXDoT
|"Who will go with
Old Ben Milam into San Antonio?"|
Those fateful words rung in my ears as I neared the town of Cameron, county
seat of Milam County. Ben Milam,
for whom the county was named, is one of Texas' legendary heroes, losing his life
in San Antonio early in Texas' battle for independence.
Originally, Milam County, established in 1836, covered a huge portion of Texas.
Over the years, fifty counties have been carved out of it, from Hall County in
the Panhandle Plains to Burleson County in the Prairies and Lakes Region.
Like most Texas county seats, Cameron is just about in the middle of the
county. It's named for Scotsman Ewen Cameron, who was shot by the Mexicans
during the Mier Expedition in 1843. George Erath, whose name sure
shows up a lot when you read about the beginnings of Texas, surveyed the area
and laid out the town.
The first courthouse, a crude wooden structure
only 30' X 20', was also the first building in the city. That building was replaced
by a second courthouse which met the fate of many early courthouses. It burned
on April 9, 1874, but not until after the county clerk was shot.
was alleged that the clerk, a Mr. Williams, and his wife were attending a function
upstairs at the courthouse. As they descended the stairs, he was pulled away and
shot by Jim Boles. I reckon Boles had anger issues. Later, a counterfeiter, who
had issues about getting caught, torched the courthouse to destroy the evidence.
So the old Phillip's Hotel was used in the interim.
The third courthouse,
a brick structure with a cupola and weather vane, was constructed in 1875. Because
of numerous maintenance headaches, including a gripy judge who complained that
there was too much smoke in his office, it was decided in 1889 that a new structure
needed to be built.
fourth Milam County Courthouse, an 1892 Renaissance Revival structure designed
by A. O. Watson.|
Notice the statue of Ben Milam in front.
courtesy of the Milam County Historical Museum.
entranceway to the courthouse. The Corinthian columns are a hallmark to the Renaissance
Photo by Lou Ann Herda
fourth courthouse, the present structure, was designed by A. O. Watson
of the Larmour & Watson firm. It was approved by the Commissioners Court
on April 20, 1892. The old courthouse was torn down, and the new one was erected
on its site. The design employed is Renaissance Revival with identical north and
south facades. Made of cream-colored limestone, it is considered sixty percent
fireproof. Square Corinthian columns rise from the heavily rusticated base, while
the four entrances have non-functional balconies. |
The Goddess of
TE Photo, March 2003
original tower, clad with a decorative sheet metal skin rising above a Mansard
roof; the clock; and the statue of the Goddess of Justice (which had been used
for illegal target practice) were removed in 1938 during World War II. This was
in response to the need for more metal for the War efforts. The metal skin and
the clock itself were used for the war. The statue was put in a safe place, just
in case it would later be put back on top. In fact, the place is so safe that
after over fifty years, the statue still hasn't been found.
of a grant from the Texas Historic Courthouse Preservation Program, the courthouse
is being restored to its former grandeur. When we went by there in July 2001,
the area was fenced off, many windows and doors were boarded up, and construction
crews were hard at work. But right there on top of the new tower is the Goddess
of Justice. She's not the original one, but she still reminds folks what the
courthouse is there for.
Statue of Justice atop the new courthouse tower. The original statue is somewhere
in a very safe place. |
Photo by Lou Ann Herda
|An interesting thing
about courthouse statues in the South is that most, if not all of them, face towards
the South. Those that had faced North prior to the Civil War were turned to face
South. The original Milam County statue of justice faced South. |
County Jail and Courthouse |
Photo by John Troesser
County Courthouse before restoration|
Photo courtesy texasoldphotos.com
hope that when the reconstruction is finished, we'll be able to see the statue
of Old Ben Milam again because as it is right now, he's practically hidden
amongst the trees. |
Your Hotel Here & Save
Thanks to Charles King, curator of the Milam County Historical Museum, and to
Dorothy Allison, author of the History of the Milam County Courthouses, _PHONE_
October 2001, Copyright Lou
Ann Herda, Ed. D
Great American Legends Tour, Texas Style


text:
From barrio boy by ernesto galarza ernesto galarza was born in 1905 in the of california and ernesto galarza dated to save alviso, the barrio on the history with 1905, lived in a small village of jalcocotan, nayarit, mexico with his family,. Ernesto galarza was born august 15, 1905, in jalcocotán, nayarit, a small state on the central pacific coast of mexico in his autobiography, barrio boy (1971), galarza describes the difficulties on the trek north to california, his cultural. Sorts in the "discovery of mexicans as a national the story begins with galarza's birth in 1905 in the remote mountain village of jalcocotan, nayarit part i, "in. Log in with facebook barrio ernesto galarza barrio boy essay boy questions and a biography of ernesto galarza born in jalcocotan, nayarit, mexico pages 1.
1905-born in jalcocotan , state of nayarit, mexico 1911 -migrated to the us dr galarza spent over 12 years of his life as a labor leader and organizer in the. The life of ernesto galarza: social activist and educator born in jalcocotan, nayarit mexico 1911 map of jalcocotan and sacremento.
Ernesto garlarza was born on august 15, 1905 in jalcocotan, nayarit, mexico and workers in the fields, galarza discusses mexican-american labor history,. Los tres grandes, ernesto galarza, herman gallegos, and julian this dissertation is a biography of generosity, beneficence, and journey with his mother and uncles from nayarit, mexico to pants and before gallegos was born galarza comments that: "jalcocotán was a pueblo libre, a free. Ernesto galarza was born august 15, 1905, in jalcocotán nayarit, a small state and represents a milestone in the history of racialist schol- arship like arthur.
Barrio boygina tyler1 author informationthe author of barrio boy, is ernesto galarza ernesto was born in jalcocotan, nayarit (which is in mexico) on august . By ernesto galarza the chicanos: a history of mexican americans mexican provincials in their courtesies and food, they were born aliens—a pages on jalcocotán, his native village in the sierra de nayarit, are a soft.
Is ernesto galarza ernesto was born in jalcocotan, nayarit (which is in mexico) so small its main street didn't have a name, to the barrio biographical essays. Ernesto galarza (august 15, 1905–june 22, 1984) was a mexican-american labor activist, professor, poet, writer, and key figure in the history of immigrant farm worker organization in california born in jalcocotan in the mexican state of nayarit, galarza immigrated with.
Ernesto galarza was born in 1905 in the village of jalcocotan near tepic, nayarit, mexico he came to the united states with his mother. Bracero program the first braceros arriving in california from mexico in 1917 the in 24 us states—becoming the largest foreign worker program in us history[ 3] 28 ernesto galarza, merchants of labor: the mexican bracero story, 1964 born in jalcocotan in the mexican state of nayarit, galarza immigrated with.


text:
28th mayo 2010
Masters student uses pedal power to create novel machine
An innovative bicycle-powered water pump, created by a student at the University of Sheffield, has proved a huge success and is now in regular production in Guatemala, transforming the lives of rural residents.
Jon Leary, 24, a MEng student in the University's Department of Mechanical Engineering, took his bicycle machine design from a Steel City drawing board to the heart of Guatemala as part of his dissertation, which required him to 'make something useful out of rubbish.'
During his four month stint in Guatemala, Jon spent time improving the design for his bicibomba movil – a mobile bicycle-powered water pump to be used for irrigation and general water distribution - by working with the Guatemalan NGO Maya Pedal, who design and build a variety of weird and wonderful bicycle machines using abandoned bikes sent over from the US and Canada. Maya Pedal's aim is to produce machines which can improve the daily lives of locals, without them having to resort to expensive electrical or environmentally damaging fossil fuelled machines. Their machines, which are human-powered sustainable energy sources, range from the bicilavadora (bicycle washing machine) to the bicimolino (corn grinder).
Jon created the machine using a normal bike, which is plugged into a frame with an old electrical pump converted to a friction drive attached to the back wheel. The back tyre of the bike makes direct contact with the former armature of the motor, which is covered with rubber from an old tyre to give better grip. The machine was tested to a range of heights and on flat ground the pump can achieve a 40 litres per minute flow rate - equal to about three normal showers. At 26 meters, a flow rate of 5 liters per minute can be achieved.
The bike frame can be built quickly and easily using only basic workshop tools and materials, including a few lengths of angle iron, some flat lengths of metal, bicycle seat posts and seat tubes, and a scrapped standard electric centrifugal water pump.
Prior to Jon's design, Maya Pedal had already produced a popular machine capable of drawing water from up to 30m below the surface, however many farmers lived on steep inclines and wanted to distribute the water once it had been extracted from the well. As a result, unlike Maya Pedal's other static designs, Jon's bike is completely mobile - when a person is done pumping, they can simply flip the frame upside down and it will sit on top of the back wheel like a pannier rack. This mobility enables users to pump from the bottom of the hill to a mid-way tank until full, and then continue pumping from the mid-way tank to the top of the hill. The number of mid-way tanks can be increased indefinitely, effectively making the pumping distance unlimited.
The machine is now in regular production in Guatemala and at least six more models have been made since Jon's departure from the country last summer. Jon has since produced an open source construction manual for the machine, which is freely available on Maya Pedal's web site. The manual was recently sent to Malawi by students from the University of Strathclyde involved in a rural irrigation project aiming to address some of the agricultural problems that the developing nation is facing.
In two months time, Jon will return to Guatemala with a team of three more of the University's recent graduates from the Department of Mechanical Engineering to design, build and test a wind turbine. The turbine will be designed specifically for Maya Pedal and as a result will be constructed from disused bicycle parts and other scrap materials.
Jon said: "When I was asked to design a novel product from waste material for my Master's thesis, I never would have expected that I'd end up welding together bicycle machines in the highlands of Guatemala! Working at Maya Pedal was like being on Scrapheap Challenge - there is a storeroom full of stripped down bicycle parts, a workshop full of tools and the only limit is your own imagination. There was never a dull day, the volunteers came from all around the world to be there and everyone in the local town was so friendly - it's certainly an experience I'll never forget."
Dr Steve Bradbury from the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Sheffield, said: "It is gratifying to see that the design expertise that we foster in our students can be utilised in worthy projects such as this. It is a result where everybody wins; Jon, the University and most importantly, the people of Guatamala."


crypto.hmac #
fn equal #
fn equal(mac1 []byte, mac2 []byte) bool
equal compares 2 MACs for equality, without leaking timing info. NB: if the lengths of the 2 MACs are different, probably a completely different hash function was used to generate them => no useful timing information.
fn new #
fn new(key []byte, data []byte, hash_func fn ([]byte) []byte, blocksize int) []byte
new returns a HMAC byte array, depending on the hash algorithm used.


are specific to management areas but independent of a particular implementation. These classes constitute the common model and are considered an extension of the core model. An example of a common-model class is the CIM_FileSystem class, which inherits the attributes of CIM_LogicalElement. Because virtually every OS, including Win2K, Linux, and other varieties of UNIX, rely on file-system-based structured storage, the CIM_FileSystem class is an appropriate constituent of the common model.
The final class category comprises technology-specific additions to the common class. Win2K defines a large set of these classes to represent objects specific to the Win32 environment. Because all OSs store data in files, the CIM common model includes the CIM_LogicalFile class. The CIM_DataFile class inherits the CIM_LogicalFile class, and Win32 adds the Win32_PageFile and Win32_ShortCutFile file classes for those Win32 file types.
The Event Log provider makes extensive use of inheritance. Screen 1 shows a view of the WMI CIM Studio, a class browser that ships with the WMI SDK. (Microsoft supplies the WMI SDK with Microsoft Developer Network—MSDN—software.) You can see where the Event Log provider relies on inheritance in the provider's Win32_NTEventlogFile class, which derives from CIM_DataFile. Event Log files are data files that have additional Event Log-specific attributes such as a log file name and a count of the number of records that the file contains. The tree that the class browser shows reveals that Win32_NTEventlogFile is based on several levels of inheritance, in which CIM_DataFile derives from CIM_LogicalElement, and CIM_LogicalElement derives from CIM_ManagedSystemElement.
As I stated earlier, WMI class-provider developers write their classes in MOF. Screen 2, page 78, shows the definition of the Event Log provider's Win32_NTEventlogFile, which is selected in Screen 1. Note the correlation between the first six properties that the right panel lists in Screen 1 and those properties' definitions in the MOF file in Screen 2. CIM Studio uses yellow arrows to tag those properties that a class inherits. Thus, you don't see those properties specified in Win32_NTEventlogFile's definition.
One term worth reviewing is dynamic, which is a descriptive designator for the Win32_NTEventlogFile class that the MOF file in Screen 2 shows. The term means that the WMI infrastructure asks the WMI provider for the values of properties associated with a class whenever a management application queries the properties. A static class is one for which the provider stores the properties in the WMI repository; the WMI infrastructure refers to the repository to obtain the values instead of asking the provider for the values. Because updating the repository is a relatively expensive operation, dynamic providers are more efficient for objects that have properties that change frequently.
After constructing classes in MOF, WMI developers can supply the class definitions to WMI in several ways. One way is for WMI developers to compile an MOF file into a binary MOF (BMF) file—a more compact binary representation than an MOF file—and give the BMF files to the WMI infrastructure. Another way is for the provider to compile the MOF and use WMI COM APIs to give the definitions to the WMI infrastructure. Finally, a provider can use the mofcomp tool to directly give the WMI infrastructure a classes-compiled representation.
The WMI Namespace
Classes define the properties of objects, and class instances represent objects on a system. WMI uses a namespace that contains several subnamespaces that WMI arranges hierarchically to organize object instances. A management appli-cation must connect to a namespace before the application can access objects within the namespace.
WMI names the namespace root directory root. All WMI installations have four predefined namespaces that reside beneath root: CIMV2, Default directory, Security, and WMI. Some of these namespaces have other namespaces within them. For example, CIMV2 includes the Applications and ms_409 namespaces as subnamespaces. Providers sometimes define their own namespaces; you can see the WMI namespace (which the Windows device driver WMI provider defines) beneath root on Win2K.
Unlike a file-system namespace, which comprises a hierarchy of directories and files, a WMI namespace is only one level deep. Instead of using names as a file system does, WMI uses object properties that it defines as keys to identify the objects. Management applications specify class names with key names to locate specific objects within a namespace. Thus, each instance of a class must be uniquely identifiable by its key values. For example, the Event Log provider uses the Win32_NTLogEvent class to represent records in an event log. This class has two keys, LogFile and RecordNumber, both of which are strings. A management application that queries WMI for instances of Event Log records obtains from the provider key pairs that identify records. The application refers to a record using the syntax that you see in this example object pathname: \\MARKLAPTOP\CIMV2:Win32_NTLogEvent.Logfile="Application",RecordNumber="1". The first component in the name identifies the computer on which the object is located, and the second component is the namespace in which the object resides. The class name follows the colon, and key names and their associated values follow the period. A comma separates the key values.
Class Association
Many object types are related to one another in some way. For example, a computer object has a processor, installed software, an OS, active processes, and so on. WMI lets providers construct an association class to represent a logical connection between two different classes. Association classes associate one class with another, so the classes have only two properties. Because the properties are references to classes, the properties consist of a class name and the Ref modifier. Screen 3 shows an association in which the Event Log provider's MOF file associates the Win32_NTLogEvent class with the Win32_ComputerSystem class. Given an object, a management application can query associated objects. In this way, a provider defines a hierarchy of objects.
Screen 4, page 80, shows the WMI Object Browser (another development tool that the WMI SDK includes) viewing the root of the CIMV2 namespace. Win32 system components typically place their objects within the CIMV2 namespace. Object Browser first locates the Win32_ComputerSystem object instance "MARKLAPTOP", which is the object that represents the computer. Then, Object Browser obtains the objects associated with Win32_ComputerSystem and displays them beneath "MARKLAPTOP". The Object Browser user interface (UI) displays association objects with a double-arrow folder icon. The associated class type's objects display beneath the folder.
You can see in Object Browser that the Event Log provider's association class Win32_NTLogEventComputer is beneath "MARKLAPTOP", and that numerous instances of the Win32_NTLogEvent class exist. Refer to Screen 3 to verify that the MOF file defines the Win32_NTLogEventComputer class to associate the Win32_ComputerSystem class with the Win32_NTLogEvent class. Selecting an instance of Win32_NTLogEvent in Object Browser reveals that class's properties in the right-hand pane. Microsoft intended Object Browser to help WMI developers examine their objects, but a management application would perform the same operations and display properties or collected information in a more intelligible manner.
WMI Implementation
The WMI infrastructure implements primarily in the \winnt\system32\wbem\winmgmt.exe executable file. This file runs as a Win32 service that the Win2K Service Control Manager starts the first time a management application or WMI provider tries to access WMI APIs. Most WMI components reside in \winnt\system32 and \winnt\system32\wbem, including Win32 MOF files, built-in provider DLLs, and management application WMI DLLs. Look in the \winnt\system32\wbem directory, and you'll find ntevt.mof, the Event Log provider MOF file. You'll also find ntevt.dll, the Event Log provider's DLL, which winmgmnt.exe loads.
Directories beneath \winnt\system32\wbem store the repository, log files, and third-party MOF files. WMI implements the repository—named the CIM Object Management (CIMOM) repository—as the file \winnt\system32\wbem\repository\cim.rep. WinMgmt honors numerous Registry settings related to the repository (including various internal performance parameters such as CIMOM backup locations and intervals) that the repository's HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\WBEM\CIMOM Registry key stores.
Microsoft wanted to extend management capabilities to all aspects of Win2K, so the company had to create a way for device drivers to interact with


text:
The IRIS Data Management System (DMS) invites individuals at IRIS member institutions to submit Letters of Interest that outline new data product types and related development plans. Authors of selected data product descriptions will be requested to submit full proposals to acquire funding from the IRIS DMS to support the development of the completed product. This is an excellent opportunity for researchers to put forward unique and useful data product ideas, receive funding for their development, and collaborate with the IRIS Data Management Center (DMC) on their presentation and long term management. Typically derived from raw data, these data products can serve many purposes including as a foundation for future research.
The deadline for submitting Letters of Interest for data product development is April 30, 2013.
The goal of our product development effort is to create data products that complement the raw time series data traditionally managed by the IRIS DMC. The development effort is guided by the IRIS community through the IRIS Data Products Working Group. The DMC currently manages more than a dozen data product types produced either by the community or by the DMC as a result of this relatively new effort. A list of these product types is available at _URL_
The purpose of this call for Letters of Interest is to solicit data product ideas from our community of users. After reviewing all submitted Letters, the selection committee will request selected authors to submit proposals for funding the development of the data product. We anticipate individual development awards to range between $10,000 and $25,000. All products developed under this agreement will ultimately be hosted and managed at the IRIS DMC.
The types of data products that might be proposed include:
- Products which serve as stepping stones to further processing, i.e., pre-processing for more advanced processing. Examples include the calculation of envelope functions and the calculation of receiver functions for data in the DMC archive.
- Visualizations of the data in ways that provide insight to geophysical processes and/or the data set. Examples include the DMC's Event Plot suite and USArray Ground Motion Visualizations.
- The "productization" of research results that are useful to a broad range of the scientific community. For example, a database of shear-wave splitting measurements.
- Educational products that increase accessibility to data and information for students and future researchers.
- Modernization and availability of data sets. For example, the conversion of processed geodetic data to formats readily usable to the seismic research community.
Examples of data product development previously funded include:
- Ambient noise cross correlations for the Western US (M. Ritzwoller, et. al.)
- SeisSound, an audio/visual illustration of seismic frequency and amplitude (D. Kilb)
- Earthquake energy and duration tools, in progress (A. Newman, et al.)
- EMERALD software release, in progress (M. Fouch and J. West)
- Development of XML standard and tools for MT data, in progress (G. Egbert, et al.)
Letters of Interest should include:
- A statement of the impact and range of potential uses for the product type.
- Estimates of the resources required to initially generate the product(s).
- Enough detail to help determine IRIS DMC resources required to manage the product type over an extended period of time.
Letters of Interest should be submitted in electronic form (as MS-Word or PDF) to _EMAIL_ by April 30, 2013. Letters should not exceed two pages in length, with two additional pages allowed for associated figures. Authors will be notified of their selection status by May 10. Selected authors will be requested to submit a proposal for product development due by June 17. Funding for the data product development awards and the data product effort at the IRIS DMC is supported by the USArray component of the NSF's EarthScope program.
Dr. Timothy Ahern
Director of Data Services


text:
You can use metal containers only in shady locations, which both reduces heat and eliminates the glare that can be tough on plants. Or, line your metal containers with bubble wrap to insulate the soil and roots from the hot metal. In very hot climates, however, the metal may get hot enough to melt the bubble wrap.
Just so, can you grow plants in aluminum containers?
It is not safe to grow food in aluminum containers because the aluminum can leach into the soil. This causes aluminum toxicity that will damage the roots and stunt the growth of the plant. … There's a lot more you can learn about using aluminum containers in the garden and its impact on humans and plants.
Also know, can you plant vegetables in a metal container?
A: Galvanized troughs make excellent gardening containers. Plants grow well in them, and they save a lot of bending over in the garden. The only problem when growing vegetables is that over time small amounts of zinc and cadmium can leach out from them. … "4-101.15 Galvanized Metal, Use Limitation.


text:
The footprints stay on the moon for about 100 million years.
It is a very interesting fact to know that the footprints of the astronauts don't get eroded even after 100 million years as there is no atmosphere on the moon.
Water is like a jelly in space
To know details about the surface tension of water in the space, an astronaut named Chris Hadfield has done an experiment on water. After the experiment, he found that the water gets converted into jelly in the space.


text:
In this tutorial, we'll show how to find all the ways to win a game of tic-tac-toe.
2. Problem Statement
Even though we're dealing with a game that we can play using an adversarial search algorithm such as minimax or Monte Carlo Tree Search, we should note that the problem we're solving now isn't that of game playing. Instead of winning a single game against an actual opponent, we want to find all the states of the tic-tac-toe grid that represent a victory for player or player.
Another thing we should note is that this also isn't a problem we can classify as a traditional search for the best solution because we're not interested in the shortest sequence of winning moves. Instead, we consider all the victories equal, no matter the number of moves, and want to discover them all.
3. The Brute-Force Solution
The simplest way is to iterate over all the states of tic-tac-toe and return only those in which a player wins.
To do so, we first have to define a tic-tac-toe state. Since we play it on a grid, and each cell can be either blank or marked with or, we can define the states of the game as matrices. For example:
There are states the grid can be in, but not all of them are legal. Since players and alternate, the difference of the number of s and s on the grid at any point in the game can be at most 1. For instance, the following state isn't legal because made three moves while made only one.
3.2. States and Matches
Each state corresponds to several matches. If the player occupies cells, and fills cells, then there are sequences of moves that lead to that state. For example, these two sequences finish in the same state:
There are move sequences that end the same way.
3.3. Win States
Let's define a test to check if a legal grid state represents a victory for player.
The first thing that we should check is if contains a row, a column, or a diagonal comprised of all s. However, although this test would capture all the grid states in which wins, it would produce a significant number of false victories. For instance, the following grid state passes this test for player :
even though it's not possible to encounter it in an actual game! As soon as filled the middle row, the game stopped, and couldn't mark its third cell, so one is illegal.
Therefore, if player wins, it will have one cell more than player. But, if player wins, it will always have the same number of cells as player. That's because has the first move, and the game stops after the winner makes its last move.
For the same reason, can win only in the odd turn, while can win only in the even turn. If the number of filled cells is even, and both and qualify for a win, then we know that the state is illegal. Since wins in the odd turn, the game would have ended before would get to connect its three cells.
So, this is the pseudocode to check if player has won:
Finally, we formulate our brute-force approach as follows:
Both the space and time complexities of our algorithm depend on the size of the search space. We calculated that there were states in total. Modern computers can easily store all of them in the main memory. So it's reasonable to expect that it won't take much time to run this algorithm, depending on the actual hardware used and other jobs our CPUs are executing concurrently.
That's why a brute-force approach is justified in this case. Since the problem is tractable, a simple algorithm without complex logic can handle it.
4. Generalizations of Tic-Tac-Toe
However, generalizations of tic-tac-toe require a more sophisticated approach.
In them,n,k-game, we play tic-tac-toe on a grid. The winner is the player that first connects cells horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. An grid can have states. For example, the board has states. So, even for small values of and, there are too many states for a brute-force solution to be efficient.
Similar holds for the three-dimensional tic-tac-toe usually played in a cube of cells.
To find all the win states in these forms of tic-tac-toe, we'd have to use a more efficient constraint-satisfaction technique. We'd define constraints on the grid cells that win states fulfill and then construct the state cell by cell. If we realize that a state is illegal or infer that no player can win, then we backtrack and change the assignment of one of the cells we previously left blank or filled with or. Once we find a win state, we record it, backtrack, and continue the search.
In this article, we showed how to find all the tic-tac-toe grids that represent a win. Even though a simple brute-force algorithm proved sufficient to handle the standard game, the generalizations of tic-tac-toe to three dimensions and larger grids require a more efficient approach.


Leveraging the Reticular Activating System
An essential component of Money Quotient's five step True Wealth™ Process is the Envision stage. The objective of this stage is to assist your financial planning clients in creating a vision for the future that is fulfilling and inspiring. This mental picture will include everything that is important to them and represent their unique version of a fulfilling and satisfying life.
The next step is to mutually define personal and financial goals that align with and support that image. This visualization and goal setting process will establish clear guidelines for creating a financial plan that addresses your clients' concerns as well as their aspirations, and aligns with their values and priorities.
In his book Getting Things Done, author David Allen provides insight regarding the effectiveness of this approach when working with your financial planning clients. He wrote, "We know that the focus we hold in our minds affects what we perceive and how we perform." He further explained that when individuals focus on something they identify as being important to them, that focus will begin to generate ideas and thought patterns they would not have had otherwise. He also emphasized that "even your physiology will respond to an image in your head as if it were reality."
This seemingly magical phenomenon is due to the Reticular Activation System—a formation at the base of the brain that is the gateway to our conscious awareness. Allen wrote:
Just like a computer, your brain has a search function—but it's even more phenomenal than a computer's. It seems to be programmed by what we focus on and, more primarily, what we identify with.
Therefore, as you guide your clients in visualizing the lifestyle and quality of life they would like to have in the future, it is important to remind them that the secret to realizing their dreams is maintaining that image in their minds. In fact, the greater their understanding of what is truly most important to them, the easier it will be to "paint a mental picture" that is both motivating and inspiring.
Nonetheless, some of your clients may still feel reluctant to establish important goals until they know exactly how and when they will achieve them. This desire for clarity is understandable, but will stall their progress and undermine their potential. In Personal Coaching for Results, the late Lou Tice explained:
…it's a mistake if you think you have to know exactly how you're going to achieve a goal before you commit to it. When you operate that way, you cripple yourself unnecessarily and limit your scope severely. You're goal-setting inside a box that is only as big as your present knowledge.
As an antidote to this crippling mindset, Tice recommends employing "end result thinking"—a methodology and belief that leverages the power of the Reticular Activating System. He explained that when an individual commits to a goal, they are assigning a higher level of meaning and purpose to the outcome. In a sense, they are declaring, "This is important to me. This matters." A surprising consequence is that their awareness will be heightened in amazing ways. They will begin to identify helpful resources and recognize creative ways to achieve their goals that would previously have gone unnoticed.
Similarly, Jackie Kelm wrote in Appreciative Living, "Images are a much more powerful method for mobilizing change than concrete steps or programs." Therefore, as you help your clients to set goals for the future, it is important to guide them in envisioning and articulating the various elements they want to include in their financial and life plans. Whatever they identify and claim for themselves will become an internal compass guiding all of the big and little decisions they make to align with their values and priorities.
—Carol Anderson
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What is a satellite office?
Article by Cecilia Amador de San José, Senior Associate Editor of Allwork.Space.
With remote work on the rise, organisations are starting to think about whether or not they should set up satellite offices to better support remote workers so that they have access to the right environment and tools to be productive.
Satellite offices are a great solution not only for organisations adopting a more hybrid work model, but also for growing organisations. If your business is growing and you are hoping to enter a new market, setting up a satellite office might be the ideal solution, especially if you are opening up a business in a new area with a small team.
But first, what is a satellite office?
Satellite Office Meaning:
A satellite office (or satellite location) is a smaller office that is physically separate from a company's main office or headquarters.
Satellite offices are also known as branch offices.
Satellite offices are smaller than company headquarters and one company can have several satellite offices spread across a country or region. They also vary greatly in size; while some satellite offices may be home to only a few employees, others can be home to hundreds to thousands of employees.
It all depends on a company's needs.
Satellite Office Locations
Where can a satellite office be located?
The answer is anywhere a company needs them.
You can have a satellite office in a city center, a residential area, or the suburbs. For example, if your company headquarters are in New York City, but you have various employees that live in New Jersey that oftentimes work remotely, then you could set up a satellite office in New Jersey.
Your business could also have a satellite office in California if it does business there, or even in Europe if you're hoping to expand operations across the Atlantic.
Benefits of Satellite Offices
There are various use cases for satellite offices:
 - For remote and flexible workers that don't need to come into the main office every day.
 - For teams and staff that are setting up company operations in a new market/location.
 - For employees to use temporarily when they are working on long-term or short-term projects in a different location than where the company headquarters are located.
One of the main reasons organisations choose to set up satellite offices is to provide all employees with access to the right tools, resources, and environment for them to successfully carry out their work.
Below are some of the main benefits of satellite offices:
 - They offer flexibility to employees, clients, vendors, and business partners.
 - They provide organisations with access to new markets (local, regional, national, and global).
 - They provide employees with access to a workplace environment that is conducive to productivity.
 - They are cost-efficient.
 - They are more efficient for customer support.
 - They can help organisations with talent attraction and retention.
 - They can help with employee engagement and company culture, especially for organisations with distributed teams.
How to Manage a Satellite Office
There are two ways organisations can set up a satellite office.
The first one is to follow the same process as setting up a main office or headquarters. The company enters into a long-term lease and they are responsible for fitting out and designing the satellite office.
This also means that the organisation has to handle all office management and maintenance.
When setting up an owned satellite office location, organisations need to think about the following:
 - Satellite office location
 - Lease agreement
 - Furniture
 - Office amenities
 - Tech infrastructure
 - Utilities
 - Building/office management and maintenance.
The other option organisations have is to work with flexible workspace operators that offer hub-and-spoke services.
In this case, an organisation enters into an agreement with a flexible workspace operator that provides access to ready-to-use offices. The flexible workspace operator is in charge of maintenance and management.
The latter option tends to be popular as it makes the process of setting up a satellite office much easier and a lot quicker. The hub-and-spoke model provides organisations and its employees with immediate access to workspace that is ready to be used. It's also less capital intensive and allows for more flexibility for a couple of reasons.
The first is that by using a third-party provider, organisations don't have to sign a long-term lease. The second is that the hub-and-spoke model allows for organisations to grow or contract their satellite offices as needed.
Why Are Satellite Offices So Popular Now?
Due to the coronavirus pandemic, a lot of organisations were forced to allow employees to work remotely (specifically work from home).
While the shift to work from home initially delivered positive results, organisations and employees alike are realizing that working from a home environment is not ideal and sustainable for many in the long run:
 - Workers feel isolated
 - Company culture can suffer
 - Some workers have a hard time being productive from home
 - Some workers struggle with setting boundaries when working from home
 - Workers don't have access to all the tools and resources they might need (technology infrastructure, office supplies, printing, etc.)
However, several surveys have found that workers want to maintain some of the flexibility that they have experienced from working from home. The majority of workers, therefore, want to work remotely at least part-time; providing them with access to a satellite office that is closer to home can help organisations retain talent and ensure they are productive.
Another reason why organisations are increasingly turning to satellite offices at the moment is for safety and health purposes.
Physical distancing is still strongly encouraged, and in some countries required. Satellite offices can help organisations with their de-densificiation purposes and allow them to adhere to physical distancing protocols.
In other words, satellite offices can help organisations bring workers back into the office in a safe manner.


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ANSI Common Lisp 3 Evaluation and Compilation 3.3 Declarations
3.3.4 Declaration ScopeDeclarations can be divided into two kinds: those that apply to the bindings of variables or functions; and those that do not apply to bindings.
A declaration that appears at the head of a binding form and applies to a variable or function binding made by that form is called a bound declaration; such a declaration affects both the binding and any references within the scope of the declaration.
A free declaration in a form F1 that applies to a binding for a name N established by some form F2 of which F1 is a subform affects only references to N within F1; it does not to apply to other references to N outside of F1, nor does it affect the manner in which the binding of N by F2 is established.
The scope of a bound declaration is the same as the lexical scope of the binding to which it applies; for special variables, this means the scope that the binding would have had had it been a lexical binding.
Unless explicitly stated otherwise, the scope of a free declaration includes only the body subforms of the form at whose head it appears, and no other subforms. The scope of free declarations specifically does not include initialization forms for bindings established by the form containing the declarations.
Some iteration forms include step, end-test, or result subforms that are also included in the scope of declarations that appear in the iteration form. Specifically, the iteration forms and subforms involved are:


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Natural mountains and valleys are gradually eroded by rainfall and river flows. Physically-based modeling of this complex phenomenon is a major concern in producing realistic synthesized terrains. However, despite some recent improvements, existing algorithms are still computationally expensive, leading to a time-consuming process fairly impractical for terrain designers and 3D artists. In this paper, we present a new method to model the hydraulic erosion phenomenon which runs at interactive rates on today's computers. The method is based on the velocity field of the running water, which is created with an efficient shallow-water fluid model. The velocity field is used to calculate the erosion and deposition process, and the sediment transportation process. The method has been carefully designed to be implemented totally on GPU, and thus takes full advantage of the parallelism of current graphics hardware. Results from experiments demonstrate that the proposed method is effective and efficient. It can create realistic erosion effects by rainfall and river flows, and produce fast simulation results for terrains with large sizes.


Article
Model studies of heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation reactions with gold.
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-0231, USA. .
Chemical Society Reviews (Impact Factor: 30.43). 02/2013; DOI: 10.1039/c3cs35523c
Source: PubMed
ABSTRACT Supported gold nanoparticles have recently been shown to possess intriguing catalytic activity for hydrogenation reactions, particularly for selective hydrogenation reactions. However, fundamental studies that can provide insight into the reaction mechanisms responsible for this activity have been largely lacking. In this tutorial review, we highlight several recent model experiments and theoretical calculations on a well-structured gold surface that provide some insights. In addition to the behavior of hydrogen on a model gold surface, we review the reactivity of hydrogen on a model gold surface in regards to NO2 reduction, chemoselective C[double bond, length as m-dash]O bond hydrogenation, ether formation, and O-H bond dissociation in water and alcohols. Those studies indicate that atomic hydrogen has a weak interaction with gold surfaces which likely plays a key role in the unique hydrogenative chemistry of classical gold catalysts.
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Adverse reactions: Per 21 CFR 1271.350(a), the FDA requires the investigation of any adverse reaction involving a communicable disease related to an HCT/P made available for distribution. Within 15 calendar days of the initial receipt of information, an adverse reaction involving a communicable disease must be reported if it is fatal, life-threatening, results in permanent impairment of a body function or permanent damage to body structure, or necessitates medical or surgical intervention, including hospitalization. An HCT/P adverse reaction must be reported on a
Form FDA 3500A; additional information for reporting HCT/P adverse reactions is available on
FDA's MedWatch Web page. HCT/P adverse reaction reports may be submitted electronically, by paper or by telephone.
Deviations: As stated in 21 CFR 1271.350(b), all deviations related to a distributed HCT/P for which an establishment performed a manufacturing step must be investigated. Furthermore, deviations must be reported related to core CGTP requirements if the deviation occurred at the facility or in a
contracted facility during manufacture. The deviation report should include a description of the HCT/P deviation, information relevant to the event and manufacture of the HCT/P, and information on all follow-up actions that have happened or will be taken. The FDA developed a standardized format —
Form FDA 3486 — for reporting
HCT/P deviations, which may be submitted electronically or in paper form. Read more about HCT/P deviations including submission instructions, guidance and rules, and a list of reporting codes.
The HCT/P labeling requirements in 12 CFR 1271.370 state that each HCT/P made available for distribution must be labeled clearly and accurately. The FDA requires the following information to appear on the label of an HCT/P:
- Distinct identification code (DIN)
- Expiration date, if any
- Warnings, if applicable and physically possible.
If it is not physically possible to include the required warnings on the label, the warnings must accompany the HCT/P. The following information must appear either on the HCT/P label or accompany it:
- Name and address of the establishment that determines that the HCT/P meets release criteria and makes the HCT/P available for distribution
- Storage temperature
- Other warnings, where appropriate
- Instructions for use related to the prevention of the introduction, transmission or spread of communicable diseases.
The Circular of Information for the Use of Cellular Therapy Products was developed as an extension of the product label for minimally manipulated cellular products such as peripheral blood progenitor cells, bone marrow, cord blood, and leukocytes. It has been prepared and is endorsed by AABB and other cellular therapy organizations. The FDA and Health Resource and Services Administration provided liaisons to the group responsible for the development of the Circular. Each processing/issuing facility has the option to provide additional facility or product-specific information in the space provided in the Circular and is encouraged to do so.


@Article{_PHONE_.2016._PHONE_, AUTHOR = {S. Brtkeviius, O. Fioorov, A. Knys, A. Derviniene, G. Dervinis, V. Ruonis, A. Lipniks, V. Brnusks, K. Srkusks, L. Blseviius}, TITLE = {Mobile Robots Navigation Modeling in Known 2D Environment Based on Petri Nets}, JOURNAL = {Intelligent Automation \& Soft Computing}, VOLUME = {24}, YEAR = {2018}, NUMBER = {2}, PAGES = {241--248}, URL = {_URL_ ISSN = {2326-005X}, ABSTRACT = {The paper deals with supervised robot navigation in known environments. The navigation task is divided into two parts, where one part of the navigation is done by the supervisor system i.e. the system sets the vector marks on the salient edges of the virtual environment map and guides the robot to reach these marks. Mobile robots have to perform a specific task according to the given paths and solve the local obstacles avoidance individually. The salient point's detection, vector mark estimation and optimal path calculation are done on the supervisor computer using colored Petri nets. The proposed approach was extended to simulate a flexible manufacturing system consisting of swarm of 17 robots, 17 - warehouses and 17 - manufacturing places. Our experimental investigation showed that simulated mobile robots with proposed supervision system were efficiently moving on the planned path.}, DOI = {10.1080/_PHONE_.2016._PHONE_} }


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RESOURCESTraining Tips, running advice + more
Mastering the Taper: Essential Tips for Race Preparation
Optimize Recovery and Performance with Effective Tapering Strategies
Tapering is a crucial phase in your training leading up to a race, where you reduce your training volume and intensity to allow your body to recover and peak on race day. Here are some tips to make the most of your taper:
- Gradually Reduce Mileage: Start tapering 2-3 weeks before your race by gradually decreasing your weekly mileage. Aim to reduce your overall volume by around 20-30% each week leading up to the race. This allows your body to recover and replenish energy stores while maintaining fitness.
- Maintain Intensity: While reducing volume, maintain the intensity of your workouts. Continue incorporating speed work, tempo runs, or race pace efforts to keep your body accustomed to running at race pace. However, ensure you have sufficient recovery time between intense sessions.
- Prioritize Rest and Recovery: Use the extra time during your taper to prioritize rest and recovery. Get adequate sleep each night, practice proper nutrition to support recovery, and consider incorporating activities like stretching, foam rolling, or gentle cross-training to promote muscle relaxation and overall well-being.
- Stay Mentally Engaged: Use the taper period to visualize your race and mentally prepare. Review your race strategy, visualize yourself crossing the finish line strong, and focus on positive affirmations. This mental engagement can help build confidence and reduce pre-race anxiety.
- Maintain Routine: Stick to your established routine during the taper to maintain a sense of familiarity. Continue with your regular pre-run rituals, hydration practices, and nutrition plan. Avoid introducing new foods, equipment, or major changes that could disrupt your routine.
- Stay Active: While reducing training volume, incorporate light, low-impact activities like easy runs, swimming, cycling, or yoga to keep your body moving and maintain fitness without adding excessive stress. However, avoid high-impact activities or intense workouts that could cause fatigue or risk injury.
- Trust Your Training: Remind yourself that tapering is an essential part of the training process. Trust in the work you have put in during your training cycle and have confidence in your abilities. Remember that the purpose of the taper is to arrive at the starting line fresh, rested, and ready to perform your best.
By following these tapering tips, you can optimize your body's recovery, reduce the risk of injury, and arrive at race day feeling refreshed and ready to give your best performance. Embrace the taper as an opportunity to fine-tune your preparation and allow your body to reach its peak potential.
5 mistakes to avoid when training for a marathon
Marathon do's and don'ts: 5 common mistakes to avoid
Here are five mistakes to avoid when training for a marathon
- Not following a training plan: Not following a training program you risk under or over training, which can lead to increase risk of injury or impact your rae performance
- Not taking rest days: Rest and recovery is just as important as training – in fact it is part of training. Skipping rest days can lead to overuse injuries, fatigue, and hinder your progress.
- Not doing strength training: Incorporating strength training into your routine is crucial for becoming a stronger and more resilient runner. It helps improve overall muscle balance, prevents imbalances and injuries, and enhances your running efficiency.
- Running too much: Running excessive mileage without proper progression can lead to burnout, injuries, and fatigue. Gradually increase your mileage to allow your body to adapt and recover.
- Skipping Stretching and Mobility Work: Flexibility and mobility are essential for injury prevention and maintaining a healthy range of motion. Incorporate dynamic warm-ups, post-run stretches, and foam rolling to improve flexibility and release tight muscles.
Prioritize these strategies to optimize your marathon training. By following a training plan, allowing for adequate rest, incorporating strength training, managing mileage, and focusing on flexibility, you'll set yourself up for a successful and injury-free race day.
How to run a faster Marathon and Half Marathon
Running faster in a marathon or half marathon requires a combination of training, race strategies, and mental preparation. Here are some essential tips to help you improve your race times:
- Train Smart: Follow a well-structured training plan that includes a mix of easy runs, long runs, speed workouts, tempo runs, and also incorporates practice races. Practice races are shorter distance events that simulate race conditions and help you gauge your fitness level, test your pacing strategies, and build race-specific experience.
- Incorporate Speed Work: Integrate interval training and speed work into your training routine. This could involve track workouts, tempo runs, or hill repeats. These workouts improve your running economy, increase your speed, and enhance your ability to sustain a faster pace.
- Strength Training: Include strength training exercises to build overall body strength and enhance running efficiency. Focus on exercises that target your leg muscles, core, and upper body. Strengthening your muscles improves your running form, power, and prevents injuries.
- Mental Preparation: Train your mind to stay focused and push through challenging moments during the race. Practice positive self-talk, visualization techniques, and set small, achievable goals to keep yourself motivated and mentally resilient during the race.
- Race Day Strategies: Develop a race day plan that includes pacing strategies and fueling/hydration strategies. Start conservatively, maintain a steady pace, and finish strong. Take advantage of aid stations for hydration and fueling, and practice your nutrition plan during your training runs and practice races.
- Rest and Recovery: Allow ample time for rest and recovery in your training schedule. Adequate sleep, proper nutrition, and active recovery techniques like stretching and foam rolling are essential to optimize your performance and reduce the risk of injuries.
- Practice Patience and Consistency: Improving race times takes time and consistent effort. Be patient with your progress and avoid the temptation to push too hard too soon. Consistency in training, focusing on gradual improvements, and listening to your body will lead to better results over time.
By incorporating these tips into your training and race preparation, you can work towards running a faster marathon or half marathon. Enjoy the process, celebrate small victories along the way, and embrace the journey of becoming a faster and stronger runner.


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Compares two expressions. When you compare nonnull expressions by using this operator, the result is TRUE when the left operand has a value higher than or equal to the right operand. Otherwise, the result is FALSE.
expression > = expression
expression
Any valid expression in Microsoft SQL Server Compact. Both expressions must have implicitly convertible data types. The conversion depends on the rules of data type precedence.
The following example uses the greater than or equal to comparison operator to find all orders in the Order Details table with quantities equal to or more than 100 units.
SELECT * FROM "Order Details" WHERE Quantity >= '100'
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Research initiative funded in time for National Aboriginal Day
Women account for 48 per cent of Aboriginal people living in Canada who test positive for HIV, compared to 20 per cent in the non-Aboriginal population. Yet studies focused on the concerns of Aboriginal women in the context of HIV infection are scarce.
Postdoctoral fellow Dr. Anita C. Benoit is doing research that will help to improve HIV services, so that they better target and support Aboriginal women.
"In one of my pilot projects, I'm working to identify the stressors that Aboriginal women living with HIV face daily," says Benoit. "We're hoping to design a stress-reducing therapeutic intervention that will allow Aboriginal women to practice traditional healing approaches in addition to conventional stress-management approaches."
Benoit is doing this work in partnership with Aboriginal women, community groups, researchers and allied researchers.
What makes the study unique from other stress management interventions in the literature is that it's informed by the community, which Benoit explains is important when working with Aboriginal people.
"The women are very engaged with this initiative," says Benoit, "they have provided important feedback throughout the study that will help to inform future phases of the research project."
In addition, under the supervision of Women's College scientist Dr. Mona Loutfy, Benoit has been awarded a CIHR planning grant entitled, Canadian HIV Women's Sexual and Reproductive Health Cohort Study (CHIWOS) - Expansion into a Pan-Canadian Study with Positive Aboriginal Women. In collaborations with Aboriginal stakeholders and researchers, the grant will fund a meeting to discuss how to increase the engagement and recruitment of Aboriginal women into the study.
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What is Moling?
Moling is a trenchless method of laying pipes or cables underground, where a pneumatically driven machine known as an Impact Mole forces a path through the ground, displacing soil rather than removing it.
Impact Moles come in all sizes, from 25mm diameters up to around 63mm in diameter. We will pick the appropriate size Mole for your project, and it tends to be a quick and simple way to install smaller pipes underground.
Impact Moling Specialists
If you have a job that you think might require impact moling, call or email us and we'll be able to discuss whether moling or directional drilling might be able to save you money, time and hassle.
Drilling/Moling vs. Trenching
Even when there are no obstacles in the path where you want to lay pipe, and the condition of the ground doesn't matter too much (e.g. a field), it can still often be quicker and cheaper to use an impact mole rather than an open trench.
We can install anything up to 100 meters in a day, and have achieved up to 20 meters in a single 'shot' (in perfect conditions), but more usually we work to a distance of 10 meters to keep deviation to a minimum.
Advantages of Precision Drilling
 - Minimum disruption (to road, rail or pedestrian traffic)
 - Usually cheaper
 - Usually quicker
 - Relatively environmentally friendly (e.g. reduced CO2 emissions)
 - Small footprint for work (only entry and exit points)
 - Looks extremely professional
 - No scarring