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Hereford and Red Angus Heifers Recruited for Genomics Research
BIF 2017: Genetics of reproduction project
Alison Van Eenennaam
The grant dubbed the "heifer fertility project" is really looking for embryonic lethal variants. These are DNA variants that if an embryo inherits two copies of the variant, that embryo is aborted. The DNA variant breaks a gene. If an animal inherits two copies, it can't live.
The project sequenced the entire genome of hundreds of cattle. This is not genotyping thousands of DNA variants, it is looking at all 2.6 billion base pairs of the genome. From sequencing these bulls, the team identified millions of DNA variants. They selected 200,000 of these DNA variants that are predicted to affect proteins encoded by genes to build a new SNP chip. This chip is called the GGP-F250.
They then genotyped 17,000 cattle with the GGP-F250 chip. Taylor then looked for DNA variants for which there are not observed in two copies. If a DNA variant is at high frequency, but is never seen as two copies, then we have evidence that this is a lethal DNA variant. There appears to be hundreds of these lethal variants in Angus cattle.
Van Eenannaam is working on the producer applications from this grant. If there are lots of DNA variants responsible for embryonic loss, we will have to strategically manage them. If we don't use animals that carry embryonic lethal variants, we will basically be practicing single trait selection. If you haven't heard, single trait selection is bad!
What is important is to never mate a carrier to another carrier of the same lethal variant. Mate selection tools allow us to do this in a sophisticated way.
For more information, see _URL_
MateSel is a software program for mate selection. MateSel works to increase genetic merit while limiting inbreeding. Van Eenannaam's graduate student showed simulations using MateSel.
There is a trade-off between never using a carrier and economic genetic progress.
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The Colonial Nursery
Starting in March, the Colonial Nursery offers seeds for sale. The seeds represent those plants that would have been found in the gardens of a cross section of 18th century colonial society, and a smattering of other heirloom varieties.
Other goods, such as the cloche to the right, are also available for sale (at the colonial nursery site only) and represent the colonial nursery's intent to develop products that reflect the horticultural practices of the past. The purpose of these cloches is to trap heat at night and to force vegetables to bear earlier than they normally would. The short wattle fences, here helping to keep traffic off the planting beds, would have been used to keep small wild animals out of the beds at night.
Our garden historians are intent on developing an interpretive site that reflects another angle on America's most popular hobby, gardening. Hot beds, cisterns, cloches, and unusual pruning methods are but a couple of the topics Wesley Greene and Donald McKelvey discuss as part of their role as garden historians and colonial nurserymen.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
quick find clear
Make a bold statement in your garden with kangaroo paw. This unusual perennial comes from Australia and bears strappy green leaves and upright spikes of fuzzy flowers in radioactively brilliant colors. The blooms last a long time and make great cut flowers.
From 1 to 20 feet
1-3 feet wide
plant Kangaroo paw with
Daylilies are so easy to grow you'll often find them growing in ditches and fields, escapees from gardens. And yet they look so delicate, producing glorious trumpet-shape blooms in myriad colors. In fact, there are some 50,000 named hybrid cultivars in a range of flower sizes (the minis are very popular), forms, and plant heights. Some are fragrant.The flowers are borne on leafless stems. Although each bloom lasts but a single day, superior cultivars carry numerous buds on each scape so bloom time is long, especially if you deadhead daily. The strappy foliage may be evergreen or deciduous.Shown above: 'Little Grapette' daylily

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Ornithologists "hit jackpot" on sightings of Critically Endangered bird
Damascus, Syria: A small expedition team travelling across Syria today announced the discovery of the largest wintering population of one of Eurasia's most endangered birds, the Sociable Lapwing.
Previous estimates placed the global population of this Critically Endangered species at between 400 and 1500 individuals. However the expedition team reported seeing over 1200 birds in one day and over 1500 in total during the trip, all within a few grassland sites in Northern Syria.
The finding gives tremendous encouragement to conservationists working to save the bird across Central Asia (where it is a summer resident) and the Middle East (where the bird winters).
"It's a finding that every ornithologist dreams of when starting out on an expedition like this." said Remco Hofland, a Dutch ornithologist who led the Syrian Sociable Lapwing Team, made up of Dutch and Syrian birdwatchers. "We had spent the morning looking at a number of areas that were yielding good numbers of the species; almost 400. We were delighted - here we were looking at one of the rarest birds on Earth, and in such good numbers!"
"It was after these that we looked at one more area, which turned out to be the jackpot. Our team split into two and we saw 838 Sociable Lapwings, of which 700 were from a single vantage point." Remco said.
"It's an incredible discovery, which gives real encouragement to global conservation efforts to save this Critically Endangered species," —Dr Stuart Butchart, Global Species Programme Coordinator, BirdLife International
"It's an incredible discovery, which gives real encouragement to global conservation efforts to save this Critically Endangered species," said Dr Stuart Butchart, Global Species Programme Coordinator at BirdLife International. "Site protection is the crucial next step though: species that rely on a few small sites are particularly vulnerable to change – if this site isn't adequately protected then the continued survival of Sociable Lapwing remains uncertain."
The two major causes of biodiversity loss in the Syrian desert are illegal hunting and habitat degradation – both of which are thought to pose a threat to Sociable Lapwing in the region. Conservationists in the Middle East are now working urgently to ensure that the wintering population can be afforded immediate protection from these twin threats.
"In order to safeguard this newly-discovered wintering population of Sociable Lapwing we have had to act quickly, working with local government agencies and the Syrian Society for the Conservation of Wildlife to help secure the site and its vitally important bird populations," said Sharif Jbour of BirdLife Middle East, who are among those coordinating actions in the region.
The expedition by the Syrian Sociable Lapwing Team was partly funded via a number of organisations: the RSPB (through a grant from the UK government's Darwin Initiative), the Ornithological Society of the Middle East and the Dutch Van Tienhoven Foundation.
For further information and photos:
UK & International: Jules Howard, Communications Officer, BirdLife International. Tel: +44 (0)1223 279809; Mobile: +44 (0)7971069098; email: _EMAIL_
 Globally, the Sociable Lapwing Vanellus gregarius has suffered a very rapid population decline – halving between 1960 and 1987. In recent years these declines are thought to have worsened, resulting in its Critically Endangered status.
 Conservationists are also working with the Syrian government to protect a colony of rare northern bald ibis which breed in Palmyra each year. Yesterday, it was announced that two bald ibis, fitted with satellite tags last year, have returned to Palmyra. Scientists will step up their protection using data from the tracking devices.


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Jhansi city is located in central India, in Uttar Pradesh
State. Situated between the rivers Pahunj and Betwa
, the city is a symbol of bravery, courage and self respect. In ancient times Jhansi was a part of the regions Chedi Rashtra, Jejak Bhukit, Jajhoti and
. It is most famous as the land of
Rani Lakshmi Bai
, the brave woman-ruler of Jhansi, who fought the British.
Today it is a center of trade and industries including railway workshops and iron and steel mills. There are many manufacturing units of brassware, rugs, rubber, and silk goods. The city developed around a fort built in 1613 and strengthened in 1742. It was the scene of a massacre of British residents in 1857 during the Sepoy Rebellion. The total population exceeds three hundred thousand.
The Jhansi festival is a major cultural event here. The seventeenth century Jhansi Fort is a major tourist attraction. Jhansi has its own railhead which links the city to major nearby destinations.


text:
New HD camera has »enhanced visibility« for versatile imaging
16 Aug 2013
The new sensor and a newly developed image signal processor give improved image quality in terms of picture sharpness and colour optimisation. The »visibility enhancer« is a key new feature which allows for adaptive contrast display in the captured image. Various contrast settings can be applied to different areas of the image to give best overall picture. This facility is ideal for use in mist or smoke as well as in scenes with a general wide dynamic range.
Wide dynamic range function
In addition there is a wide dynamic range function which allows 2 frames to be captured at varying exposures at full resolution in order to combine high and low contrast areas. This is extended to four frames when operating at 720p resolution. This new wide dynamic range feature is then combined with the visibility enhancer to give great results in all lighting conditions.
Ideally suited for fast moving images
In addition, the high frame rate at full 1080p resolution (previous HD modules only supported 30 fps) means that fast moving images are seen in a more natural smooth motion. 30x optical zoom is provided. Adaptive 2D and 3D noise reduction further enhances image quality whilst minimising motion blur. The new camera will automatically adapt the level of 2D/3D noise reduction in different areas of the picture depending on whether the area is static or moving. 3D noise reduction is applied to static areas by comparing multiple frames to reduce noise most effectively. 2D noise reduction is applied to areas of movement to reduce noise without trailing effects.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
I am looking for a matlab function that is working similar to polyfit, but where I can use two different input function but instead of having just one linear term, I need two. At the moment the regression looks as follows:
and the code to compute R^2 is the following:
x= changePriceWithoutNaN; y=changeFWithoutNaN; p = polyfit(x,y,1); f = polyval(p,x); plot(x,y,'o',x,f,'-')
yfit = polyval(p,x); yfit = p(1) * x + p(2); yresid = y - yfit; SSresid = sum(yresid.^2); SStotal = (length(y)-1) * var(y); rsq_full = 1 - SSresid/SStotal
Instead of having just one linear term, the term I am looking for is the following:
Is there anybody how knows a function that is solving a least squared optimazation in the way to coe above does? Importat is that I do not look for a quadratic solution and therefore from what I can see polyfit(x,y,2) is not an option
No products are associated with this question.
Locks, it seems like you are interested in multiple linear regression. If you have the stats toolbox you can use the REGRESS function to do that. If you don't then you can use a simple '\' as follows:
x = dataT(:,2); %is the implied volatility y = dataT(:,10); z = dataT(:,15); p = [x z ones(length(dataT))]\y
p will have the 3 coeff you desire. We are essentially solving a linear system in a least square sense.
There are several multi-dimensional polynomial fitters on the FEX, e.g.,


text:
National Observatory of Chelmos (Greece)
Hot-dip galvanised view of the stars: In summer, the Chelmos observatory that belongs to the Greek National Observatory was erected in the mountains of Greece.
This involves an enclosure, which is to house the second largest (built by the company Carl-Zeiss) reflecting telescope on mainland Europe. The precise location is the 2,341 m high Chelmos mountain in Greece. The dome, with 9 m long sides and standing 8 m high, is made from a heavy 30 ton steel structure, hot-dip galvanised by WIEGEL. Its shape in the form of a half cylinder is innovative. The reason for this is the arrangement of trolley carrier in the apex, which is required for the disassembly and the periodically necessary transport of the mirror to a loading device in the tower.
The steel structure of the dome, along with all the drive units, was entirely pre-fabricated and pre-assembled at Rudolstädter Stahlbau in Rudolstadt (Thuringia) back in the summer of 2002.
The entire steel structure remained in storage – dismantled again – for one year on the factory premises of our Nuremberg hot-dip galvanising plant, since the approval phase for building the observatory took longer than anticipated. In the spring of 2003, the time finally came. The structure, which had already started to rust badly, was completely re-measured by the engineers at Rudolstädter Stahlbau.
Following its successful hot-dip galvanising, the structure was transported in mid-July 2003 by land and sea to the foot of the mountain. A road was built specially for task of transporting it with off-road vehicles to the installation site on the mountain.


} Meaning of PRATTLE In A Sentence - Words In Sentences
Meaning of PRATTLE In A Sentence
Definition: to talk foolishly like a child for a long period of time
Part of Speech: Verb
Synonym(s): babble, blab
Antonym(s): n/a
Example Sentences:
1. My eyelids grew heavy as I listened to my grandmother prattle about the days of her youth.
2. Starved for conversation, the senior citizens will prattle with strangers.
3. Jack and Jill are in love and often prattle on the phone late into the night.
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Documentation > Guide to creating new components
Guide to creating new components
Disclaimer: This is just a first high-level draft and needs a lot of refinement to describe the details...
Overview
phpClick works with the concepts of components. Components are self-contained units of HTML and PHP code that the end-user can position on a page. Examples for components already built into phpClick are "htmlText", "image", "button", "inputText". We are already planning to offer many more components such as the obviously missing "radioButton", "checkBox" etc. but also more advanced ones such as "dynamicText", "dataTable", "navigation". However, if you have an idea for a custom component and want it in phpClick, you can do it by yourself by following the process described below.
Each component is represented by a number of files underneath a folder with the components name in the main folder "components". For example, the component "image" consists of the following files:
The central part of a component is the class that implements its behavior. Each component inherits from the class "Component" (/includes/Component.inc.php). Each components needs to implement the interface "ComponentInterface" (/includes/ComponentInterface.inc.php) which requires the following methods:
Click on the method names above to see a description of their function.
Step-by-Step from 10,000 feet :)
To create a new component you should take the following steps:
 1. come up with a concise component name (no spaces or funny characters), e.g. "colorPicker"
 2. create a folder underneath /components/ with the name of your component, e.g. "/components/colorPicker/"
 3. find one of the already existing components that is closest to what you want to do and copy its class file into the newly created folder; rename it to match your components name, e.g. "/components/colorPicker/componentColorPicker.inc.php
 4. copy an appropriate image file with the name "icon.png" into the folder
 5. create a file with the name "name.html" which contains nothing but the user-friendly name of your component, e.g. "Color Picker Tool"
 6. edit at least the four methods/functions described above to implement the behavior of your component (This sounds quite easy but may be non-trivial depending on the complexity of your component. I strongly recommend you look at the existing components to get an idea how things work)
 7. modify "/components/factory.inc.php" and "/components/index.xml" to register your component with phpClick
 8. Test you component and send us your code... :)
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text: This paper presents a shape memory alloy actuator design using a bimorph structure capable of high-speed actuation and low power consumption. Two active layers of shape memory alloy wires are separated by a passive layer of thermoplastic polyurethane. This structure results in a bending actuator when current is alternated between the two active shape memory alloy layers. Actuators of lengths 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 mm were tested at peak current input of 110, 120, 130, and 140 mA. The 40-mm actuator was shown to have a natural frequency of 11.4 Hz with a bending displacement of 26.4 mm perpendicular to the neutral position and a power input of 0.78 W (140 mA peak current input). A relationship between the input current and the resulting vibratory characteristics was found. As the current increases, the natural frequency decreases and the damping ratio increases. The experimental results are compared with a finite element method (FEM) vibration analysis and an Euler–Bernoulli cantilever beam equations.


text:
Create a small-scale model and test bench to evaluate the design of ventilation systems for EAFs. The test bench can test different ventilation system designs and determine their performance by measuring key parameters including flow rate, temperature, and capture efficiency. The model will maintain a similar Reynolds number to the full-scale system so that the systems are comparable, both in time scale and flow properties, and will allow for the placement of varying types and sizes of dampers at different locations.
The test bench accurately reflects the behavior of off-gas in the full-scale system
Multiple sensors must gather and display temperature and velocity data at the same time
The test bench reliably simulates and tests the temperature change inside the system, the flow velocity through the system, and the response time of the system
The test bench allows a user to easily add pieces to it, remove pieces from it, and take it apart
The test bench measures the effects of a damper opening and closing on flow velocity
The test bench accommodates the placement of a damper at multiple location and accommodates the placement of multiple types of dampers
- The test bench accurately measures the capture efficiency of the system
3D Printed Damper
Low fidelity minimum viable prototypes to test brainstorm concepts
By developing the solution over four design sprints, we were able to adapt to changes and user feedback quickly.


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Surface heating in relation to air temperature, wind and turbulence in an urban street canyon
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2007
Wind and temperature measurements from within and above a deep urban canyon (height/width = 2.1) were used to examine the thermal structure of air within the canyon, exchange of heat with the overlying atmosphere, and the possible impacts of surface heating on within-canyon air flow. Measurements were made over a range of seasons and primarily analysed for sunny days. This allowed the study of temperature differences between opposing canyon walls and between wall and air of more than 15 degrees C in summer. The wall temperature patterns follow those of incoming solar radiation loading with a secondary daytime effect from the longwave exchange between the walls. In winter, the canyon walls receive little direct solar radiation, and temperature differences are largely due to anthropogenic heating of the building interiors. Cool air from aloft and heated air from canyon walls is shown to circulate within the canyon under cross-canyon flow. Roofs and some portions of walls heat up rapidly on clear days and have a large influence on heat fluxes and the temperature field. The magnitude and direction of the measured turbulent heat flux also depend strongly on the direction of flow relative to surface heating. However, these spatial differences are smoothed by the shear layer at the canyon top. Buoyancy effects from the heated walls were not seen to have as large an impact on the measured flow field as has been shown in numerical experiments. At night canyon walls are shown to be the source of positive sensible heat fluxes. The measurements show that materials and their location, as well as geometry, play a role in regulating the heat exchange between the urban surface and atmosphere.


more than once b if the letters can be re-used.
12
Find how many code words of three or four letters can be made from the letters of the word NUMBER: a if no letter can be used more than once b if the letters can be re-used.
Example 10
13
If no digit can be used more than once, find how many numbers that can be formed from the digits 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 are: a three-digit numbers c greater than 700.
14
If no digit can be used more than once, find how many numbers that can be formed from the digits 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 are: a two- or three-digit numbers c greater than 7000.
15
b three-digit numbers and even
b six-digit numbers and even
Four boys and two girls sit in a line on stools in front of a counter. Find the number of ways in which they can arrange themselves: a if there are no restrictions
Cambridge Senior Maths AC/VCE Mathematical Methods 1&2
b if the two girls wish to be at the ends.
Cambridge University Press ISBN 978-1-107-52013-4 © Evans et al. 2016 Photocopying is restricted under law and this material must not be transferred to another party.
10C Selections 377
10C Selections In the previous section, methods for counting the number of ways in which objects can be chosen and then arranged were discussed. Sometimes the interest is solely in the number of different groups of objects that can be selected. That is, the order is unimportant. Skillsheet
Consider again the letters A, B, C when taken in groups of two. We saw that there are six arrangements: AB, BA, AC, CA, BC, CB. However, there are only three distinct selections: {A, B}, {A, C}, {B, C}.
Example 11 Four flavours of ice-cream – vanilla, chocolate, strawberry and caramel – are available at the school canteen. How many different double-scoop selections are possible if two different flavours must be used? Solution The possibilities are:  vanilla and chocolate  vanilla and strawberry  vanilla and caramel  chocolate and strawberry  chocolate and caramel  strawberry and caramel
giving a total of six different selections. In this example, the selection 'vanilla and chocolate' is considered to be the same as 'chocolate and vanilla', and so is counted only once. Such choices without regard to order are called selections or combinations. The notation nCr is used to represent the number of different ways in which groups of size r can be chosen from a total of n objects when order is unimportant. When the total group size n is not large, the combinations can be listed. But obviously a more efficient method is preferable. Consider again Example 8 concerning the colours on the Olympic flag. Suppose that first the five colours to be used are chosen, and then they are arranged on the flag. This is shown as: Choose the colours 8
× 5!
C5
So, since 8C5 × 5! = 8
C5 =
Arrange them
Possible arrangements
=
8! 3!
8! , we can find an expression for 8C5 by dividing both sides by 5!. 3!
8! 3!5!
Note that the two figures on the bottom line (3 and 5) add to 8.
Cambridge Senior Maths AC/VCE Mathematical Methods 1&2
Cambridge University Press ISBN 978-1-107-52013-4 © Evans et al. 2016 Photocopying is restricted under law and this material must not be transferred to another party.
378 Chapter 10: Counting methods In general, the number of combinations of n objects in groups of size r is n! Pr n × (n − 1) × (n − 2) × · · · × (n − r + 1) = = r! r! r! (n − r)! ! n A commonly used alternative notation for nCr is . r n
Cr =
n
A CAS calculator can be used to determine values of nCr . See the appropriate appendix in the Interactive Textbook for directions.
Example 12 Consider the situation from Example 11 again: If four flavours of ice-cream are available, how many double-scoop selections are possible if two different flavours must be used? Solution The number of combinations of four flavours in groups of size two is 4
C2 =
4! 4×3×2×1 = =6 2!2! 2 × 1 × 2 × 1
This is the same as the answer we found before by listing the combinations. Once again, not all combination problems are so straightforward, as shown by the following example.
Example 13 A team of three boys and three girls is to be chosen from a group of eight boys and five girls. How many different teams are possible? Solution Three boys can be chosen from eight in 8C3 ways, and three girls from five in 5C3 ways. Since we are choosing boys and girls, the total number of possible teams is 8
C3 × 5C3 = 56 × 10 = 560
I Selections of any size The following result is useful when asked to count all the combinations of any size from a group of n objects. For n objects, n
C0 + nC1 + nC2 + · · · + nCn−1 + nCn = 2n
We can see why it is true using the following argument for three objects. There are three different books A, B and C, and David can choose whichever ones he likes (including choosing none of them). How many ways can this choice be made?
Cambridge Senior Maths AC/VCE Mathematical Methods 1&2
Cambridge University Press ISBN 978-1-107-52013-4 © Evans et al. 2016 Photocopying is restricted under law and this material must not be transferred to another party.
10C Selections 379
Let S = {A, B, C}. The subsets are ∅,
{A},
{B},
{C},
{A, B},
{A, C},
{B, C},
{A, B, C}
So there are eight choices. We can use two different methods to count these choices. First we focus on how many books David chooses: 0 1 2 3
He can choose no books in 3C0 = 1 way. (This corresponds to ∅.) He can choose one book in 3C1 = 3 ways. (This corresponds to {A}, {B}, {C}.) He can choose two books in 3C2 = 3 ways. (This corresponds to {A, B}, {A, C}, {B, C}.) He can choose three books in 3C3 = 1 way. (This corresponds to {A, B, C}.)
By the addition rule, the total number of choices is 3
C0 + 3C1 + 3C2 + 3C3
Now, instead, we focus on each book one at a time: A Book A can be chosen or not (2 ways). B Book B can be chosen or not (2 ways). C Book C can be chosen or not (2 ways). By the multiplication rule, there are a total of 2 × 2 × 2 = 23 choices. This gives 3
C0 + 3C1 + 3C2 + 3C3 = 23
This argument can easily be extended to prove the result for n objects.
Example 14 Nick is making an invitation list for his party, and has seven friends to choose from. If he may choose to invite any number of friends (from one to all seven), how many possible party lists does he have? (Assume he will invite at least one person to his party.) Solution Nick may invite one person to the party, and he has 7C1 = 7 ways of doing this. If he invites two people to the party, he has 7C2 = 21 ways of doing this. Continuing in this way, we can see that Nick's total number of choices is 7
C1 + 7C2 + 7C3 + 7C4 + 7C5 + 7C6 + 7C7
Since we know that 7
C 0 + 7 C 1 + 7 C 2 + 7 C 3 + 7 C 4 + 7 C 5 + 7 C 6 + 7 C 7 = 27
the required answer is 27 − 7C0 = 27 − 1 = 128 − 1 = 127
Cambridge Senior Maths AC/VCE Mathematical Methods 1&2
Cambridge University Press ISBN 978-1-107-52013-4 © Evans et al. 2016 Photocopying is restricted under law and this material must not be transferred to another party.
380 Chapter 10: Counting methods
10C
Section summary  A selection (or combination) is a grouping of objects, such that the order of the
objects is not important. That is, the selections ABC and CBA are the same.  Knowing the number of distinct selection of objects, when taking groups of a particular size, may enable us to determine the number of elements in the sample space without having to list them.  In general, the number of combinations of n objects in groups of size r is n! Pr n × (n − 1) × (n − 2) × · · · × (n − r + 1) = = r! r! r! (n − r)! ! n  A commonly used alternative notation for nCr is . r  For n objects, nC0 + nC1 + nC2 + · · · + nCn−1 + nCn = 2n . n
Cr =
n
Exercise 10C Example 11
1
For each of the following examples, determine the number of selections possible by listing the possibilities:


text:
Dorothea Dix Biography for Kids
Dorothea Dix was a famous nurse who fought for the rights of individuals with mental illnesses. She is perhaps best known, however, as the superintendent of nurses for the Union Army in the Civil War.
Dorothea Dix was born on April 4, 1802, in Hamden, Maine. She grew up in Massachusetts. At the age of twelve, she went to live with grandmother in Boston to escape her abusive father and dismal childhood. From an early age, Dorothea was an ambitious and determined women. At the age of fourteen, she started her first school and gained a reputation as a capable teacher and strict disciplinarian. Work was always paramount in Dorothea's life, and she started a more formal school in 1821 which catered to Boston's rich and elite. During this time, she eagerly tutored poor and neglected students in her own home. Although Dorothea's chronic health problems caused her to leave her school, she spent her recovery time writing children's books. By 1836, her health had deteriorated to such a point that her school was forced to close permanently. Later that year, she decided to sail to Europe to spend time recovering on the coast of Italy. Unfortunately, she fell ill in England, where she was taken care of by the Rathbone family. William Rathbone was a wealthy humanitarian who fought for better care of the "mentally disordered" of England. It was he who influenced Dorothea's ideas on the moral and effective treatment of America's insane, which involved less use of mechanical restraints and more productive activities.
In 1841, Dorothea toured a prison in Cambridge, Massachusetts. She was horrified at the conditions in which those classified as "insane" were forced to lived. They were underfed, dirty, and in some cases, chained to the walls or forced to sleep on stone floors. Dorothea decided to make it her life mission to improve the quality of life for such people. For the next two decades or so, Dorothea traveled the United States lobbying for the mentally ill. Her incredible efforts resulted in numerous studies, bills, and changes in legislation that improved the lives of the mentally ill. Furthermore, her efforts resulted in the formation of many hospitals specifically for the mentally ill.
At the outbreak of the Civil War, Dorothea was named superintendent of Union Army nurses. Although she was in poor health, she organized women into nursing corps, inspected hospitals, and raised money for medical supplies. Furthermore, she insisted on equal treatment of both Union and Confederate soldiers, which angered some Northern Republicans.
After the war, Dorothea continued her travels and helped in the rehabilitation of facilities in the Southern United States. In 1882, and in ailing health, she moved into an apartment designated for her at the New Jersey State Hospital. She died on July 17, 1887.


text:
When your application users use Directed Web Access (DWA) for a Pega Survey, you want them to see a warning message that is localized for their locale when they close the survey. In the example provided here, the English language pyCaption warning message that is displayed when users close the survey is localized for German.
Design the message to be localized
Create the language pack
Apply the language pack to your application
Verify the translation results
Following the example, you create a field value pyCaption warning msg for the message text that you want to localize in the Pega Survey.
- Create a field value to store the message you want to localize, for example, pyCaption warning msg.
Specify the values for the following fields:
Field Name: pyCaption
Field Value: warning_msg
Localized Label: Specify any warning message that you want to display, for example:
Are you sure you want to exit this page? If you leave the page now, the survey will be locked for 120 minutes.
Field Value pyCaption warning_msg with Localized Label
- Create a single-value text property that maps to the field value created in Step 1.
Single-value property pxTextInput for Field Value pyCaption
For example, here is a section that application users view.
Section label for the warning message
- Drag a layout of type free form 1 X 1.
- Insert a label in that cell.
- Configure the cell properties as follows:
Label For:.warning_msg
Inline Style: display:none; (This value hides the cell; it does not occupy space.)
Cell properties for warning message
Follow this example, adapting it to meet your needs:
var warn_msg ="";//Empty the warning message variable
/*Add a listener function to fetch the warning message from the html*/
if(window.attachEvent)//For Internet Explorer 8 and earlier
window addEventListener('onload', initPage);//For Internet Explorer 9 and later and Chrome and FireFox
/* The function below will fetch the localized value from the warning_msg label that you added to the section of the survey */
var labels = document.getElementsByTagName("label");
for(var i=0;i< labels.length;i++)
warn_msg = labels[i].innerText;
break;// break from the loop when the message is found
/* Add another event listener to the Submit button to clear the warning message so that it is not displayed if the user actually submits the form and does not close it without completing it. You want to show the warning only if the user has not completed the survey */
/*Attach the listener to the window so that it displays a warning message when it is being closed.
//Method to clear the message so that warning message is not displayed on Submit
//Method to show the localized warning message
Using the Localize Application wizard, you import the language ruleset (German, in this example) and follow the remaining steps to create the language pack. When you are done, you have a.zip file of the language translation for use in your application.
- From the User Interface landing page, click
to open the Localize Application wizard.
User Interface landing page > Tools > Translate to New Language
- In the Localize Application wizard, select the application ruleset and version.
Localize Application wizard, Step 1, Select Application Rule Sets
- Wait for the system to verify that localization is enabled for all user interface components of your application.
Localize Application wizard, Step 2, Verify Localization Is On
- Optionally, perform manual tasks outside of the wizard to update the rules, properties, and portals as needed.
Localize Application wizard, Step 3, Manual Tasks
- Select the language that you want for localization, for example, German.
Localize Application wizard, Step 4, Select Languages
Check for the language pack, selecting the option that applies to your application:
Acquired the Pegasystems language pack
Add all PRPC field values to my application translation pack
Already translated the PRPC field values or not using out-of-box components
In this example, the first option is selected: Acquired the Pegasystems language pack.
Localize Application wizard, Step 5, Check for Language Pack
Set the options for handling an existing translation of the field and providing sample files and base field values from any rulesets.
Localize Application wizard, Step 6, Set Options
Export the translation by clicking the language to create the translation pack.zip file.
Localize Application wizard, Step 7, Export Translations
When prompted, save the translation pack.zip file to a local folder.
Prompt to open or save the language pack.zip file
Close the Localize Application wizard.
In the downloaded language pack, you work with the TextToTranslate.xml file to apply the localized message to your application. Then you return to the Localize Application wizard to work with the translation that is in progress. You import the translated language ruleset, upload the language pack, and view the results of the translation.
- Extract the downloaded language pack and open the TextToTranslate.xml file to see the English language label.
- Browse the folder to find the TextToTranslate.xml file.
Downloaded language pack TranslationFiles lists the TextToTranslate.xml file
Open the TextToTranslate.xml file and find the localized English label.
Remember to open the TextToTranslate.xml file in Microsoft Excel because this is the format that is required for modifying and delivering the language pack.
In the Translation column, enter the Translated Warning message. Save and close the file.
Translation column holds translated warning message
Archive the folder again: Create a.zip file again of the extracted folder.
In PRPC, from the
landing page, click.
User Interface landing page, Tools, List Translations in Progress
Select the language, for example, German.
Wizards In progress, Open, Import German translations
In the Localize Application wizard,
, specify the German language ruleset and version.
Important Make sure that the language ruleset version matches the base ruleset version. If the language ruleset does not match the base ruleset, the Field Value rule is not selected for translation.
Localize Application wizard, Step 1, Select Import Rule Sets
Upload the translation pack.zip file that contains the German translations by browsing and selecting the file.
Localize Application wizard, Step 2, Upload Translation Pack
See the confirmation message: File uploaded successfully.
Localize Application wizard, Step 2, Successful upload of translation pack
Click Next to complete the Localize Application wizard.
Localize Application wizard confirmation of completion
You verify the translation results by changing the Locale Settings in your application.
- Change the browser locale setting to German to see the warning message in German.
- From the
landing page, click.
User Interface landing page, Tools, Locale Settings
- In Locale Settings, the Use Locale field, select Deutsch.
Locale Settings, Use Locale Deutsch
- Run the flow to see the warning message in context when you close the survey.
Warning message translated to German
In this example, the browser locale is set to English and the PRPC application locale is set to German. The text of the Windows security dialog box remains in English, which is the locale set by the browser for this test case. The text of the warning message, however, displays the German translation of the English text for the PRPC application. When you and other users click the link directly in the application, you can see the entire message displayed in the language set for your locale in your browser.
- Repeat Steps 1 and 2 to test the translated warning message in another locale, for example, English or Hindi.
Test English locale setting
Test Hindi locale setting


Avoid Common Pitfalls in Greasemonkey
Pages: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Pitfall #1: Auto-eval Strings
In places where you want to set up a callback function (such as window.setTimeout, to run a function after a delay), JavaScript allows you to define the callback as a string. When it's time to execute the callback, Firefox evaluates the string and executes it. This leads to our first pitfall.
Assuming a user script defines a function called my_func, this code looks like it will execute my_func() after a one-second delay:
window.setTimeout("my_func()", 1000);
This doesn't work in a Greasemonkey script; the my_func function will never execute. By the time the callback executes one second later, the user script and its entire sandbox have disappeared. The window.setTimeout function will try to evaluate the JavaScript code in the context of the page as it exists one second later, but the page doesn't include the my_func function. In fact, it never included the my_func function; that function only ever existed within the Greasemonkey sandbox.
This doesn't mean you can never use timeouts, though. You just need to set them up differently. Here is the same code, but written in a way that works in the context of a user script:
window.setTimeout(my_func, 1000);
What's the difference? The my_func function is referenced directly, as an object instead of a string. You are passing a function reference to the window.setTimeout function, which will store the reference until it is time to execute it. When the time comes, it can still call the my_func function, because JavaScript keeps the function's environment alive as long as something, somewhere, is holding a reference to it.
Pitfall #2: Event Handlers
Another common pattern in JavaScript is setting event handlers, such as onclick, onchange, or onsubmit. The most common way to set up an onclick event handler is to assign a string to an element's onclick property:
var elmLink = document.getElementById('somelink');
elmLink.onclick ='my_func(this)';
This technique fails in a user script for the same reason the first window.setTimeout call failed. By the time the user clicks the link, the my_func function defined elsewhere in the user script will no longer exist.
OK, let's try setting the onclick callback directly:
var elmLink = document.getElementById('somelink');
elmLink.onclick = my_func;
This also fails, but for a completely different reason. The document.getElementById function returns an XPCNativeWrapper around an Element object, not the element itself. That means that setting elmLink.onclick to a function reference sets a property not on the element, but on the XPCNativeWrapper. With most properties, such as id or className, the XPCNativeWrapper will turn around and set the corresponding property on the underlying element. But due to limitations of how XPCNativeWrappers are implemented, this pass-through does not work with event handlers such as onclick. This example code will not set the corresponding onclick handler on the actual element, and when you click the link, my_func will not execute.
This doesn't mean you can't set event handlers; just that you can't set them in the obvious way. The only technique that works is the addEventListener method:
var elmLink = document.getElementById('somelink');
elmLink.addEventListener("click", my_func, true);
This technique works with all elements, as well as the window and document objects. It works with all DOM events, including click, change, submit, keypress, mousemove, and so on. It works with existing elements on the page that you find by calling document.getElementsByTagName or document.getElementById, and it works with new elements you create dynamically by calling document.createElement. It is the only way to set event handlers that works in the context in which user scripts operate.
Pages: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Next Pagearrow


-(30-32), we find that
and
(34)
and we solve these equations numerically.
Appendix C Estimation procedure
The secret key rate formula given by Eq. (13) can be lower bounded by
(35)
where denotes an upper bound on the single-photon error rate . Hence, for our purposes, it is enough to obtain a lower bound on the quantities for all , together with . For that, we can directly use the results obtained in Ref. passive3 (), which we include in this Appendix for completeness. The probabilities given by Eq. (II) need to satisfy certain conditions that we confirm numerically. In particular, we have that
(36)
where denotes an upper bound on the background rate given by
(37)
with . The single-photon error rate can be upper bounded as
(38)
where and represent, respectively, a lower bound on the yield and the background rate . These quantities are given by
(39)
and
(40)
To evaluate these expressions we need the statistics for . Using Eq. (II), and assuming again , we obtain
(41)
and
(42)


text:
Westtown's student worked mini-farm is a two acre small farm where students learn about sustainable agriculture, doing hands-on work building soil and planting organically for harvest for our kitchen and community. The mini-farm offers students the chance to get down and dirty with the earth, learn about themselves and their role in the food web, and grow vegetables to be eaten by all members of the Westtown community. The mini-farm hosts a rammed earth and tire recessed open air classroom, a pizza oven made of cob, and a 96 foot high tunnel—all tools in teaching earth literacy to high school students—the fundamental connection of humans with the earth and with their food, and the attendant environmental, scientific and social issues related to food production and access. Students connect with the farm in four ways:
- Students can choose to be part of daily activities on the farm in fall and spring. This afternoon co-curricular is where students learn and work most intensively—following their food from seed to seedling, to planting, cultivation, and harvest. Opportunities for work, reflection, group and individual activities, as well as visits to other farms in the area are part of this offering.
- Students are also assigned during the growing season to a morning work crew as part of the Work Program that all students participate in. Four times a week, for 25 minutes, students come in the early morning and complete finite tasks related to keeping the farm going, as part of the important learning that happens in Westtown's work program.
- During the summer, a CSA is run out of the farm space, giving a home to our summer produce. We also do some restaurant sales and donations to the Chester County Food Bank.
- Vegetables grown on the mini-farm are eaten by students in the school's dining room in the spring and fall, completing the circuit of student work leading to student harvest and eating — a full circle of food that few today have the opportunity to experience, and is a key piece to graduating an earth literate citizen.


text:
In order to improve the efficiency of the existing plunger grouting pump, a new grouting pump based on Wankel engine is proposed. The structure, principle and mathematical model of the Wankel pump were proposed. The efficiency of plunger pump and Wankel pump are analyzed, and the calculation formulas of mechanical, volumetric and hydraulic efficiency of Wankel pump are proposed. The efficiency characteristics of the wankel pump were studied experimentally, and a plunger pump and a Wankel pump of the same power are selected to compare their working efficiency under different working conditions. In general, ηm and ηv increased with increasing n until the load on the shaft was too large. At the same n, The smaller the outlet, the lower the efficiency. When the outlet is a, b and c, the wankel pump test data at n of 190 r/min, 160 r/min and 140 r/min is optimal. When the outlet is big such as a and b, Wankel pump performs higher flow and higher efficiency. However, when the outlet is small such as outlet c, plunger pump performs higher pressure and stable flow and efficiency.
Keywords Wankel pump, efficiency, experiment, grout pump


text:
Today we are publishing the answers of NYT Spelling Bee December 2 2021 puzzle.
This Thursday's spelling bee puzzle was built by Sam Ezersky. As always there are 7 letters and here the center letter is the letter N.
A H M are the letters on the bottom and O P T are the letters on the top which form the honeycomb shape. There are a total of 25 possible answers and we have listed them below sorted from the shortest (4 letters) length to the longest (9 letters):
All Spelling Bee Words you can form:
For more Spelling Bee Answers open the prev link, as we publish answers each day.


text:
Trees are the largest plants in Terraria, appearing only at the surface and often in clusters with similar height. Trees can be chopped down with an axe or explosives. Destroying or chopping a tree will yield many units of wood, an essential crafting material, and give a chance of dropping one or more acorns that can be planted to grow more trees. Larger trees will yield more of these two materials when removed.
It is possible to cut off parts of the tree, but cutting at the lowermost center tile will destroy the entire tree. If parts of the tree are left, they will not regrow. A faster but more dangerous alternative to cutting down trees is placing a bucket of lava at the very base and picking it back up immediately. Another way is placing around some Bombs between two or three trees.
Tiles beneath trees cannot be destroyed while the tree stands.
The amount of wood and acorns obtained from a tree depends on its size. One unit of wood will drop for each block of tree (including branches). One acorn will drop for each leaf patch, excluding the top patch of leaves.
 Trees as obstacles
Trees are background objects that do not affect player or monster movement.
Trees cannot be climbed or scaled with items such as a grappling hook, nor can blocks of dirt or other walk-on surfaces be placed to overlap their limbs or foliage. It can sometimes be necessary to chop down a tree that is next to a cavern entrance or cliff in the early game in order to replace it with a ladder of blocks that will allow scaling of the steep surface; this becomes unnecessary when the player obtains a grappling hook or other item that allows improved jumping or flying.
Trees must be removed when building houses that overlap the space they cover or when digging up from underground to exit to the surface.
 Growing conditions
Planting an acorn in grass will create a Sapling that will eventually grow into a tree of a random size and shape. Saplings can only grow under the following conditions:
- A planted acorn can only be planted on a dirt block covered with grass or hallow grass, or on snow.
- The acorn requires two spaces of open ground to either side. A raised tile will block growth, but a lower tile will not, if it is the second tile away.
- There must be at least two open tiles between saplings or only one will grow into a tree.
- The acorn requires at least 16 tiles of vertical clearance to grow into a tree.
- The tree must be at least two squares away from block walls on either side, to allow room for the branches and tree top to grow.
- An acorn will not grow indoors - all background walls or overhanging ledges must be removed, and if you have a ceiling it must be at least 32 feet above the block where the acorn was planted as measured by a depth meter (e.g, if you are planting an acorn at 321 feet above, there may only be blocks at 353 feet or higher directly above it in order for it to grow into a tree).
- Acorns will not grow in the presence of torches, wood platforms or sunflowers within its 2-block radius.
- Saplings must be off-screen in order to become trees. They will not grow when currently in view, unlike most other plants which can spawn while you watch.
Saplings can be destroyed with a Pickaxe.
 Corrupt trees
Corrupt trees are purple trees only found where there is Corruption. They behave like normal trees, dropping regular wood but no acorns. Normal trees become corrupted if corruption reaches them. It is possible to convert them into normal trees again by using Purification Powder on them.
Corrupt trees can't be planted, however it is possible to clean a little spot of Corruption, plant and grow a normal tree, then let Corruption spread again. This should be done with care, since saplings are destroyed if they are reached by Corruption.
 Jungle trees
Jungle trees are darker green, wider trees only found in the jungle. They spawn randomly on jungle grass wide enough for a tree to grow on, and may also spawn under water. Jungle trees drop wood like normal trees do, but like corrupt trees will not drop any acorns. Jungle trees also grow higher than normal trees: up to 21 blocks.
In hardmode, Corruption spreads through mud, replacing it with dirt, and jungle trees turn into corrupt trees. Sadly, because cleaning Corruption will turn a corrupt tree into a normal tree, jungle trees are lost forever when they become corrupt.
 Hallow trees
Trees found in the Hallow have a taller and triangle-shaped foliage, and exist in many different colors: blue, red, light green, cyan, magenta, yellow and purple. Normal trees turn into hallow trees when the Hallow reaches them. Unlike jungle trees, hallow trees can be planted, and drop acorns when chopped down.
 Snowy trees
Lava will instantly destroy trees.
- 1.1.1: Snowy trees introduced.
- Trees grow 1 block higher and jungle trees grow another 5 blocks higher.
- Hallow trees introduced.
- Tall grass and flowers no longer obstruct tree growth, making trimming the grass unnecessary.
- Acorn saplings require 2 tiles between saplings to grow instead of 3.
- 1.0.5: Corrupt and Jungle trees no longer drop acorns.
- 1.0.4: Jungle trees added.
- 1.0.3: Trees become corrupt when corruption reaches them instead of being destroyed. And the new corrupt trees become un-corrupted upon purification.
- Pre-Release: Introduced.


text:
Masala Carrot Pickle Bulk 500G
About the product:
Pickles have the magical qualities to boost the flavours in any meal and the Masala Carrot Pickle by FoodSpot is no exception. It brings the mild sweetness of chunky carrot pieces together with the flavours of tamarind and green chillies, providing a fine blend of flavours. The flavours are enhanced by other well-known spices like mustard seeds which complement the blend very well. A 100 gm serving has low amounts of carbohydrate and fats, which is 5.9 gm of carbohydrates and 5.6 gm of fats.
- Carrots are known to lower cholesterol levels and improve eye health.
- Carotenoids help in reducing the risks of cancer.
- Ginger is great for improving digestive health and reduce the formation of gas.
- Tamarinds are a high source of magnesium which regulate over 600 functions of the human body.
Unit: 500 gm


text:
" with a woman regardless if it is his wife or a prostitute.
The idea of "one flesh" does not mean that the man is exclusive to that woman. It means that they join themselves as if married. This is true regardless of who the man does this with.
This is also clear in Ephisians 6:16-17 (NIV)
16 Do you not know that he who unites himself with a prostitute is one with her in body? For it is said, "The two will become one flesh." 17 But whoever is united with the Lord is one with him in spirit.
It is clear that many believers can unite with the Lord as many prostitutes can unite with one man.
Furthermore, in John Skinner's Genesis: International Critical Commentary (T & T Clarke, Edinburgh, 1930) p. 70, Skinner notes that the word for "flesh" here is synonymous for "clan" or "family group"--both in the Hebrew and Arabic. This word for "flesh", in fact, is the same word used here in Leviticus 25:49
An uncle or a cousin or any blood relative in their clan may redeem them. Or if they prosper, they may redeem themselves.
Clearly, there is no restriction of one man becoming an exclusive single flesh with a woman.
There are many other arguments that can be heard and answered at BiblicalPolygamy.com


Lesson Seven – Procedure Turn
Learning Objectives
 - Be able to fly smooth left and right-hand procedure turns
 - Maintain a constant altitude throughout the manoeuvre
procedure-turn
procedure-turn
Procedure Turns
 - You will handle all take-off and landings
The procedure turn is a compulsory figure in the Bronze wings test. It is designed so that the student pilot can demonstrate competent and accurate turning skills within a practical manoeuvre.
In real-life the procedure turn is as useful in model aviation as it is in full-size aviation. It allows the pilot to fly a heading and then turn in the smallest possible area to return in the opposite direction along the same line. This is particularly useful when trying to line up with the runway or a heading that will return you to the runway.
A procedure turn is made up of two turns:
 1. Fly along the runway centreline during a circuit
 2. At the end of the runway make a turn away from you through 90°
 3. Once this turn is complete, immediately make a turn through 270° in the opposite direction
 4. Exit the turn to fly along the runway centreline in the opposite direction to that from which you entered the manoeuvre
The key to the procedure turn is to make careful use of all controls to ensure the manoeuvre is flown at a constant altitude and that you enter and exit the pattern along the same line.
Lesson Six – Landing
Learning Objectives
 - Be able to land safely and under control
 - To fly 'touch and go' circuits
landing
landing

Landing
 - Your instructor will only intervene in an emergency
The art of landing an aircraft successfully take a bit of mastering as the key is to fly the aircraft to the ground and not into the ground!
Before starting your landing approach, be sure to let other pilots flying know what you are doing
By now you should have mastered the landing circuit and be able to fly the aircraft close to the ground along the runway centre line. Once you have reached this point it is really just a matter of supporting the aircraft as the wing loses lift and it descends slowly to the ground.
 1. As you approach the runway close the throttle completely so the engine is only idling
 2. Only use the ailerons to keep the wings level, use the rudder to hold the aircraft straight along the runway
 3. As you cross the end of the runway – the threshold – you should be about 0.5 meters above the ground
 4. Try to hold the aircraft at this altitude by applying a little up-elevator – this is called flaring
 5. Only use enough elevator to support the nose of the aircraft, too much and you will start to climb and then stall
 6. As the aircraft slows further it will slowly descend the last 0.5 meters and touch down gently
 7. Use the rudder to keep the aircraft straight as it slows to a stop
Congratulations, if you are safely on the ground you have flown your first complete solo and there will probably be a lot of applause coming from behind you!
If at any time during the approach and landing you do not feel comfortable you can apply full power and climb back into the circuit. Just because you have called a landing does not mean you have to land on that approach.
If you are going to abort your landing attempt call out 'going around' to let other pilots know what is happening
You will spend a lot of time practicing landing from different directions until you are comfortable with the approach and flare. This is the time in the flight when your aircraft is at most risk of damage and it pays to be an expert at landing in all situations!
Touch and Go Circuits
Once you have mastered landing it becomes boring is every time you touch down you have to taxi back to the end of the runway to take-off again!
As you land the aircraft, immediately apply full power and let the aircraft pick up speed once more. You can then take-off again within the length of the runway!
The important things to remember during touch and go circuits are:
 1. Let the aircraft build up enough speed to take-off as normal. Do not let it 'bounce' back into the air too soon and cause a stall.
 2. Do you have enough room to speed up sufficiently to take-off? If you do not then let the aircraft come to a stop.
Lesson Five – Landing Circuits
Learning Objectives
 - Be able to line up with the runway ready for landing
 - Recognise the correct time to begin descending in the circuit
 - Descend and slow the aircraft whilst turning safely towards the runway
approach
approach pattern for landing

Landing Circuits
 - You will handle take-off, your instructor will handle landings
There are two main components to the landing circuit and approach:
 1. The line-up with the runway
 2. The descent to the runway
You should practice the line-up first before you begin to worry about the descent. This is easy to do and you should have it mastered already if you can fly smooth and accurate circuits in both directions.
Most landings are made on the main runway at the LMMAC field; that is the runway that runs left to right in front of the pilot's box. This is useful as we can use the electricity pylon directly in front of us as a guide when to begin our descent.
 1. At normal circuit height pull the throttle back to around 25% as you the aircraft passes over the top of the pylon
 2. Allow the model to lose height slowly, do not try to use elevator to force it down or hold the nose up
 3. If you are descending to quickly, apply a little power
 4. If you are descending to slowly, reduce power a little
 5. Once you flown past the end of the runway begin a slow wide turn onto your base leg
 6. Continue descending as you make another turn onto the runway centreline
 7. Let the aircraft continue descending towards the runway
 8. Once over the end of the runway, apply full power and climb the aircraft smoothly back up to circuit height – this is called going around
It will take some time for you to get used to your aircraft and how much throttle and space it needs to descend. Do not be tempted to push down on the elevator to lose height more quickly as this will cause the aircraft to speed up and you will not be able to land safely.
Most new pilots find that it is more difficult to judge the final turn once the aircraft is descending. Practice this approach a lot until you have memorised the correct position and altitude for each stage of the approach.
Lesson Four – Take Off
Learning Objectives
 - Be able to hold a straight line on the runway during the take-off roll
 - Be able to take-off smoothly and climb safely to circuit altitude
img06
The first take off!
The Take-Off
 - Your instructor will handle all landings
Taking off with a model aircraft is really very easy, especially with a trainer aircraft as is will be designed to fly smoothly and to climb when certain airspeed is reached.
The most important aspect of the take-off is keeping the aircraft travelling in a straight line both on the runway and when it first becomes airborne. For this reason we start this lesson by not taking-off!
Your instructor will let you keep control of the transmitter on the ground and ask you to taxi out onto the runway.
If another pilot is flying do not taxi out onto the runway until you are within the pilot's box and have asked if the runway is clear for use – he may be about to land!
Once you are on the runway your instructor will ask you to taxi along the runway, using the rudder to keep the aircraft as straight as possible. With each pass, try to get use a little more throttle so you can practice controlling the aircraft at take-off speed.
When you are ready, the instructor will ask you to line the aircraft up at the end of the runway pointing into wind. Take-off is always made into wind so that we can get into the air at a slower ground speed and in a shorter distance. Your instructor will explain the difference between air and ground speed as you are learning.
If another pilot is flying do not take-off until you have announced your intentions
 1. Once you are lined up and ready to go, increase throttle smoothly to full power
 2. Use the rudder to hold the aircraft straight as it gains speed
 3. Once the aircraft is about level with you on the runway, use a small amount of up-elevator to help the model 'un-stick' from the ground
 4. Keep full power applied and allow the aircraft to gain speed whilst climbing at around 20-30°
 5. Use the ailerons to keep the aircraft level as it climbs away from the runway
 6. Once you have reached a safe altitude begin to turn into the circuit, continuing to climb to circuit height
 7. Once at circuit altitude, pull back the throttle to maintain straight and level flight
You will find your trainer aircraft very easy to control on the ground and it will climb smoothly under full power. The most important things to remember are to use rudder on the ground and aileron once airborne.
As most trainers are designed to climb under full power you may find you need little or no up elevator to climb to circuit height. In fact, with some trainers you may need a little down elevator to stop the model from climbing to steeply!
Lesson Three – Stalling
Learning Outcomes
 - Have an understanding of what a stall is
 - Be able to recognise and react in a stall situation
 - Be able to avoid a stall
stall1
Understanding the Stall
Look at the pictures above. In the first image the wing has a smooth flow of air over its upper surface. This smooth flow of air around the wing is what creates lift and keeps the aircraft in the air.
In the second picture we have started to pull the nose of the aircraft up. This tilts the wing against the oncoming flow of air. This is called changing the angle of attack of the


text:
1. Behavior of the urban traffic of the city of Sao Paulo in Brazil: The database was created with records of behavior of the urban traffic of the city of Sao Paulo in Brazil.
2. ElectricityLoadDiagrams20112014: This data set contains electricity consumption of 370 points/clients.
3. Gas sensor array exposed to turbulent gas mixtures: A chemical detection platform composed of 8 chemoresistive gas sensors was exposed to turbulent gas mixtures generated naturally in a wind tunnel. The acquired time series of the sensors are provided.
4. Twin gas sensor arrays: 5 replicates of an 8-MOX gas sensor array were exposed to different gas conditions (4 volatiles at 10 concentration levels each).


text:
What Are Mutually Intelligible Languages? The Answer, and Examples for 8 World Languages
Foreign languages aren't always as foreign as you'd expect.
If you speak Russian, you might be surprised at how much Ukrainian you understand. Or as an English speaker, you might catch the gist of some Scots.
There's a good reason for this: mutual intelligibility.
This is a great boon to travelers and language learners. If you've studied one language, you may very well understand some of another—or have a much easier time learning it.
- What Are Mutually Intelligible Languages?
- The Mutually Intelligible Languages of 8 Popular World Languages
- What You Should Know About Mutually Intelligible Languages
What Are Mutually Intelligible Languages?
Briefly put, mutual intelligibility is when speakers of one language can understand a related language to some degree.
Mutual intelligibility is highly subjective. Between sources, you might find some claiming that two languages are mutually intelligible, while other sources claim those same languages aren't.
Because mutual intelligibility comes in varying degrees, it's hard to determine how much overlap there needs to be for something to be classified as such. This list focuses on common languages widely thought to be at least partially and mutually intelligible.
The Mutually Intelligible Languages of 8 Popular World Languages
Russian is partially mutually intelligible with Ukrainian, Rusyn and Belarusian.
Russian has 85% intelligibility with Rusyn (which has a small number of speakers in Central and Eastern Europe). Russian is also 85% mutually intelligible with Belarusian and Ukrainian in writing. However, Russian is only 74% mutually intelligible with spoken Belarusian and 50% mutually intelligible with spoken Ukrainian.
Russian speakers are also likely to understand some Bulgarian, along with other Slavic languages to a lesser extent.
Scots and English are considered mutually intelligible. Albeit, Scots dialect is far more pronounced than English, and at times, can be unintelligible.
In writing, however, Scots language looks similar to English (albeit with some spelling variations).
French has a reasonable degree of lexical similarity with Italian, Sardinian, Romansh, Portuguese, Romanian and Spanish, making it partially mutually intelligible with these languages.
French has 89% lexical similarity with Italian, 80% similarity with Sardinian (spoken on the Italian island of Sardinia), 78% similarity with Romansh (spoken in parts of Switzerland) and 75% similarity with Portuguese, Romanian and Spanish.
German is partially mutually intelligible with Yiddish and Dutch.
Because they use different alphabets, German and Yiddish are only mutually intelligible when spoken. Yiddish speakers usually have an easier time understanding German than vice versa, largely because Yiddish has added words from other languages, including Hebrew and Slavic languages, which makes it more difficult for German speakers to understand.
In writing, German is also somewhat mutually intelligible with Dutch. However, Dutch speakers usually understand more German than the reverse because they study German in school.
Italian is partially mutually intelligible with French, Catalan, Sardinian, Spanish, Ladin and Romanian.
It is estimated that there is 89% lexical similarity with French, 87% similarity with Catalan (spoken in Southern Spain), 85% with Sardinian, 82% with Spanish, 78% with Ladin (spoken in Northern Italy) and 77% with Romanian.
Portuguese has varying degrees of mutual intelligibility with Spanish, Galician, French and Italian.
It has a very high degree of mutual intelligibility with Galician (spoken in Northwestern Spain), which is a language that's sort of a cross between Portuguese and Spanish. Portuguese also has a high degree of mutual intelligibility with Spanish.
While not usually considered "mutually intelligible," there's also enough similarity between French and Italian that speakers of Portuguese may understand both of these languages.
Spanish has varying degrees of mutual intelligibility with Galician, Portuguese, Catalan, Italian, Sardinian and French.
Spanish is most mutually intelligible with Galician. It's also highly intelligible with Portuguese in writing, though less so when spoken. The overall lexical similarity between Spanish and Portuguese is estimated to be 89%.
Spanish and Catalan have a lexical similarity of 85%. Spanish is also partially mutually intelligible with Italian, Sardinian and French, with respective lexical similarities of 82%, 76% and 75%.
There are distinct regional variations of Arabic. However, many of these dialects are at least partially mutually intelligible. Rural variations are usually less mutually intelligible.
While common speech from urban areas aren't always mutually intelligible across regions, speakers from these regions can often use a more formal form of Arabic to speak with each other. Additionally, some Arabic speakers may be familiar with Egyptian Arabic through the media, so they may rely on this to bridge any language gaps.
Tunisian Arabic is also considered mutually intelligible with Maltese, particularly with regards to idiomatic expressions.
What You Should Know About Mutually Intelligible Languages
Understanding the connection between mutually intelligible languages, can make it easier to learn an additional language. If you choose to study a language that's mutually intelligible with one you already know, chances are you'll have to put a lot less work in than if you were learning a language from scratch.
If you're learning multiple languages at once, pairing similar languages is a great way to maximize your studying.
Finally, understanding mutual intelligibility gives you helpful insight into the history of a language. Sets of similar languages are the result of shared origin, so knowing a little more about mutual intelligibility can help you understand their origin.
Linguistic distance is the relative degree of difference between languages or dialects. How this is measured varies, but mutual intelligibility and vocabulary overlap, and often play a role in these calculations.
This term is similar to linguistic distance in that it can reflect how similar or different languages are. However, lexical similarity focuses on exclusively overlapping vocabulary to determine similarity between languages.
Mutual intelligibility refers to whether speakers of one language can understand speakers of another language. This understanding can be in spoken or written communication. Mutual intelligibility also occurs in a wide variety of degrees, ranging from none, to partial, to full mutual intelligibility.
Between some languages, there can also be imbalanced mutual intelligibility, known as "asymmetric intelligibility." This occurs when speakers of one language can understand a related language to a greater degree than speakers of the related language can understand the other.
Frequency of exposure is one of the main causes of this. If speakers of one language have more exposure to its related language, they're likely to pick up more of that language.
Traditionally, dialects are regional variations of one main language. Usually, they're at least partially mutually intelligible with the main language they stem from.
That being said, the line between a language and a dialect is often blurred. For instance, Portuguese and Spanish have a relatively high degree of mutual intelligibility, but they're technically separate languages.
The Chinese language, on the other hand, is comprised of a number of dialects that aren't always mutually intelligible.
So give these mutually intelligible languages a second look. They have more in common than you might think!


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Design UI

Applies only to Mobile Apps and Reactive Web Apps
OutSystems
MasterDetail Pattern
The MasterDetail pattern is similar to the SplitScreen pattern, but it receives an item list for the left panel. You can use this pattern in tablet apps, to display the detail of a list of items.
Here's the preview in Service Studio:
How to Use the MasterDetail Pattern
Start by binding a List to the ItemList parameter and leverage the Block events to change the content placeholder.
1. Create a local boolean variable and set it on OpenedOnPhone.
2. To open the detail of the clicked element, use a link for an action, set your local variable to True , and add logic to open the correct detail.
3. To close the detail, create an action and set your local variable to False , and use this action in the DetailClose event. Add necessary logic.
Phone Landscape with the Same Behavior as Tablet
You can have your phone in landscape to work the same way as a tablet:
.phone.landscape .split-left {
 width: **x; /* This is width value for the left side */**
}
.phone.landscape .split-right {
 -webkit-transform: translateX(0) translateZ(0);
 transform: translateX(0) translateZ(0);
 width: **x; /* This is the width value for the right side */**
 left: auto;
 right: 0;
 border-left: 1px solid #d3d3d3;
}
.phone.landscape .detail-open .split-right-close {
 opacity: 0;
 pointer-events: none;
}
.phone.landscape .detail-open .app-menu-icon {
 opacity: 1;
 pointer-events: auto;
}
Input Parameters
Input Name Description Default Value
ItemList These are the items for the list on the left side of the MasterDetail. N/A
Events
Event Name Description Mandatory
DetailClose Triggered when the detail (or right side of the MasterDetail) is closed. False
ItemSelected Triggered when an item of the list (or left side of the MasterDetail) is selected. False
Layout and Classes
CSS Selectors
Element CSS Class Description
MasterDetail Wrapper .split-screen-wrapper Container that wraps elements in the left and right containers.
Left Content .split-left Add content to the left side.
Right Content .split-right Add content to the right side. In phone view, this Element is off-canvas.
Close Right Content .split-right-close
Compatibility with Other Patterns
This pattern should be used alone inside the screen content because it will adapt to the height of the parent. Additionally, you should avoid using the MasterDetail pattern inside patterns with swipe events, like Tabs.
Samples
You can use the MasterDetail pattern as a sample:
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Harambee Social Projects and the Beatification
Harambee Africa International, in conjunction with the organizing committee for the beatification of Alvaro del Portillo, is inviting people to assist four African social and educational initiatives begun by Bishop Alvaro del Portillo.
For the the beatification of Bishop Alvaro del Portillo, Harambee Africa International is inviting people to contribute to four social initiatives begun under the direct impetus of the first successor to Saint Joseamaria at the head of Opus Dei.
Both those attending the beatification and all those who want to help out are being invited to give a donation to assist the following projects:
1. The creation of a new wing for mothers and children at the Niger Foundation Hospital and Diagnostic Centre (Enugu, Nigeria);
2. The expansion and improvement of three medical clinics and the training of new nurses at the Monkole Hospital and the Institut Superieur en Sciences Infirmières (Kinshasa, Congo);
3. The development of a program to fight infant malnutrition by the Ilomba Rural Centre (Bingerville, Ivory Coast);
4. Raising scholarships for African priests and seminarians who study at the Pontifical University of the Holy Cross (Rome, Italy).


text:
The key performance measures evaluating the BFI's contribution to the further economic and cultural success of film.
The BFI will capture and disseminate, through the work of the BFI Research & Statistics Unit, a wide range of qualitative and quantitative information about film in the UK which, taken together, will track the performance of UK film and provide important information for the whole of the film sector.
For the BFI, we aim to measure our contribution to the further economic and cultural success of film through our strategy for which there are 13 key performance measures which can be tracked through the life of this strategy online at bfi.org.uk.
By 2022 we will have:
- Increased the diversity of audiences and talent supported across all BFI activities
- Increased engagement with BFI activities across the UK and increased the quality and cultural depth of their experience
- Increased participation of 16-30 year olds across all BFI activities and funded programmes
- Increased access to the BFI's National Film Archive and those of the regions and Nations
- Further conserved and digitised the most at-risk materials within the BFI National Film Archive, notably video and television
- Ensured the opportunity to learn about the art of film in school
- Improved employers' ability to recruit a skilled workforce across the UK
- Supported talent to progress in their filmmaking careers
- Funded a range of innovative and pioneering moving image work intended for a variety of platforms
- Supported British films and British talent which have received recognition domestically and internationally
- Invested in start-up film businesses outside of London which have leveraged additional investment and increased levels of employment
- Supported a greater geographic spread of inward investment production in the UK
- Supported an economic and cultural environment that keeps the UK film industry internationally competitive


Can I Get A Refund Without A Receipt?
What stores will give you cash back without a receipt?
Bed Bath & Beyond.
What do I do if I lost my receipt?
Can stores pull up old receipts?
Is a bank transaction proof of purchase?
While 'proof of purchase' might be proven from a bank statement it might not be accepted by the retailer much in the same way certain forms of ID are not accepted for purchasing alcohol and stuff. Not saying that is the case but the retailer might insist the only form of proof it will accept is the orginal receipt.
What is considered proof of purchase?
Other types of proof of purchase include: credit or debit card statement. a lay-by agreement. a receipt or reference number given for phone or internet payments. a warranty card showing the supplier's or manufacturer's details and the date and amount of the purchase.
Can you get a refund without a receipt at Walmart?
According to Walmart's website, many items can be returned without a receipt for an exchange (exceptions are electronics, outdoor tools, entertainment items, computers, cameras, GPS unites and other electronic items). For items under $25, you can opt for a cash refund.
Can I return faulty goods without a receipt?
With faulty goods, you simply need to prove purchase. This could be the receipt, but any other legitimate record – such as a bank statement – should be fine. However, if you've no legal right but are simply utilising a store's return policy, then you'll need a receipt if that's what the policy says.
How can I get proof of purchase without receipt?
How do I get proof of purchase?
Your proof of purchase is on your credit card statement. Using a credit card is an efficient way to keep track of your purchases. Whether you make payment with the credit card in person at a retail store, online, via phone or through the mail from a catalog, proof of your purchase is simple to locate.


text:
Developing urban metabolism indicators for a better usage in metropolitan area municipalities
The urban metabolism approach has been proposed for more than half a century. Its applications, especially the indicator analysis, are applied in many domains. By the indicator analysis of an area's metabolism, development strategies and urban design outcomes can be proposed from the perspectives of resource consumption and waste production. Since a large number of activities of metropolitan areas' municipalities have started to integrate urban metabolism issues with urban development, there seems to be a substantial gap in the urban metabolism indicator study of metropolitan areas and corresponding local public administrations. This study is aimed at developing urban metabolism indicator framework, to support the urban design procedure of metropolitan area. To put the proposed indicators into practice, a set of urban metabolism indicators is proposed to be adopted in Amsterdam Metropolitan Areas. The selection process is conducted by using the Delphi method. In doing so, 2-round questionnaire is responded by qualified experts to select the most relevant and practicable urban metabolism indicators. Then, these selected indicators are generated and grouped into different categories. By organising the Peri-Urban Living Lab (PULL) Workshop Amsterdam Metropolitan Area, the potential usage of these indicators will be evaluated. In the meantime, PULL stakeholders will categorise and prioritise these indicators from different fields. Afterwards, the urban metabolism indicator framework will be established based on the perspectives from urban metabolism related stakeholders. This exploration contributes to the field of practical application of urban metabolism indicators in municipalities of metropolitan areas.
Something wrong with this information? Report errors here.


text:
The news is full of ideas about how to control your carbon footprint, but recent studies in neuroscience suggest that your emotional footprint plays a bigger role in what you really leave behind.
Whatever your mood, it's contagious! See the smiling face of a loved one, and you smile inside too. Step onto a subway train full of tired, anxious commuters, and you're instantly on edge. Whether your brain is in stress or in joy, that mood radiates outward, either inspiring others with your compassion, authenticity and joy or contributing to their emotional pollution and ramping up their stress levels. Whether it is stress or joy, your emotional state travels from brain to brain and person to person and lives inside others even after you are gone.
This transfer of moods happens through special nerve cells in the brain called mirror neurons. Interestingly, this a throwback to our ancestors needing to know instantly if a person was friend or foe—if a stranger approached with a brain set on fighting and anger, your ancestor would feel the same. Without the ability to sense the intentions of others, they were in grave danger. So these mirror neurons actually download the mood of one person into the brains of others.
But your mood swings are more than contagious—that great mood and that sour one actually change the brains of those around you. All of your moods, emotions and reactions are based on the interaction of neurons that come together in specific ways to send messages to the brain. These neural networks are the wiring of the emotional brain. New wires can be created by the transfer of moods, and once the wire is laid, it can easily be triggered again and again—without the influence of the person who originally passed that emotion on. So you're shaping the wires in those around you on a daily basis—either strengthening the wires that promote joy or bolstering those that cause stress. And your wires live on in the brains of your children, and their children, which is why passing on that state of spiritual connection and compassion is vitally important for your future.
The new era of social responsibility is emotional. If you're stuck in stress, you spread emotional pollution and the extremes of action and emotion that threaten the planet.
How to leave a positive emotional footprint
Most Popular Today


Next.
The PART-PICKLES politely play the roles of each elementary particle in the standard model, namely quarks, electrons and neutrinos.
Their forces are propagated by different sorts of lumbering BONEHEADS, including photons and gluons, which lazily shuffle along at the speed of light.
The many particle/energy interactions have even created some MORONS and MORON NEUTRINOS. Sadly, their lifespans are rather short and they undergo the process of MORON DECAY.
> Next.


text:
"I started the collection looking at one of those Double Trouble puzzles kids try to untangle," explained Hidenori Kumakiri, the soft-spoken creative force behind the cult Japanese label Beautiful People. The toy in question is a metal key chain where two intertwined rings have to be separated. It's the sort of brainteaser that a gifted kid could solve in a few minutes, while the rest of us, after countless clumsy attempts, are left screaming in frustration. Just Google the diabolic thing to get the idea. But apparently, no riddle or charade is too complicated for Kumakiri.
The concept of complex simplicity is often at the center of this designer's aesthetic; he worked around it once again in his new Spring collection. His deconstruction process was as gentle as it was sophisticated: "Two identical shapes are tightly entangled; to take them apart, you have first to understand how they work together," he mused. "Only then you'll be able to make them become a new entity with a new identity. In my collections, pieces may look broken or deconstructed, but in the end, they go back together as one."
The show's fluid rhythm smoothed the conceptual edge of the inspiration, giving the collection's transformative quality an ineffable grace. Each piece could morph into a multiplicity of solutions or mutate into a different shape just by unlacing a ribbon, unwrapping a fold, or peeling off a layer. As complicated as it may sound, this reversible, unfinished process of transformation actually looked rather effortless.
Fabrics were light and crinkled; dyed in white or red wine to achieve a delicate palette of earthy hues, they felt smooth and sensuous to the touch. To highlight the wabi-sabi organic approach, tailored jackets were washed in salt to make them shrunken; they were paired with pleated silk skirts or ruffled dresses, which wrapped elliptically around the body. They looked like antique Japanese fans, or exotic blooming flowers. Deconstruction was handled with a breezy feel; linings were absent, while a play on asymmetries gave classic shapes an off-kilter freshness and a sense of lightness and fluidity.
At the end of the show, to better elucidate the morphing concept, a flock of assistants came onstage helping models to transform their outfits into slightly different shapes. "You can be either deconstructed or constructed," Kumakiri said. "It's up to you. It's about being free, with no constrictions. In Japan, we never choose between extremes; we don't have black or white, but we have many, many hues of gray. It's like being in a fluid zone, where you can choose to be what you want to be."


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Define a commutative block cipher with keyspace the finite set $K$, and data space the finite set $S$, to be an application $$\begin{align} E:K\times S&\mapsto S\\ (k,x)&\mapsto E(k,x)\text{ also noted }E_k(x)\\ \text{such that }&\forall k\in K,\forall x\in S, \forall y\in S,\text{ if }E(k,x)=E(k,y)\text{ then }x=y\\ \text{and }&\forall k\in K,\forall k'\in K, \forall x\in S,E(k',E(k,x))=E(k,E(k',x))\\ \end{align}$$ Note: the first property states that the application $E_k$ from $S$ to $S$ is injective, implying that it is a permutation of $S$ given this is a finite set, and that's standard for a cipher; the second property is what makes the cipher commutative.
Question: what commutative block cipher do we have that is
 - conjectured computationally indistinguishable with effort polynomial in $\log(|K|)$ from a random permutation for unknown random fixed key $k$, assuming the attacker can obtain ciphertext for iteratively chosen plaintext;
 - efficiently computable, at least in the encryption direction (and preferably for decryption as well)?
If there was none: do we have some proof this can't be achieved?
In this answer, I explored a variant of the Pohlig-Hellman Exponentiation Cipher $(k,x)\mapsto E_k(x)=x^k\pmod p$ but stalled with something that remains distinguishable from a random permutation due to a multiplicative property similar to that of naked RSA: $\forall k\in K,\forall x\in S, \forall y\in S, E_k(x\cdot y\bmod p)=E_k(x)\cdot E_k(y)\bmod p$.
Update: the question as is was perfectly answered by poncho. Here is take two.
share|improve this question
There could conceivably be a commutative block cipher whose outputs for a given key on an entry-wise unpredictable list of inputs are indistinguishable from being independently-and-uniformly distributed. $\hspace{.42 in}$ – Ricky Demer Mar 31 at 15:01
1 Answer 1
up vote 5 down vote accepted
It can't be achieved under the assumptions you are making, because the attacker can distinguish it by selecting an arbitrary $k'$, and checking if $E(k')$ commutes with the permutation in question. That is, to check a permutation $P$, we pick an arbitrary $x$, and check if:
$E(k', P(x)) = P(E(k',x))$
This equation always holds if $P = E(k)$ for some value $k$, and rarely holds if $P$ is a random permutation.
share|improve this answer
That's very true! I used that very argument in the beginning of my answer linked to the question, but failed to apply it!! I need to find a different wording of the question, on the tune of: "indistinguishable from a random set of permutations with the commutativity property". I lean towards making that a different question, though. – fgrieu Mar 31 at 15:54
_USER_, yes, maybe posting a separate question would be best. When you do, can you spell out how we choose a random set of permutations with the commutativity property? Is that notion uniquely defined? – D.W. Mar 31 at 16:30
_USER_: actually, it sounds like what you really ask about are known plaintext attacks; given a random set of $(x, P(x))$ pairs, can we distinguish a random $P$ from $E(k)$? Given the Pohlig-Hellman cipher, we can distinguish it in this model; is that a fundamental property of all commutative ciphers, or is that just a side effect of how Pohlig-Hellman achieves commutativity and another commutative cipher might be secure in this model? – poncho Mar 31 at 21:51
_USER_: I think that I see how to make a variant of Pohlig-Hellman Exponentiation Cipher secure under known-plaintext while keeping commutativity, so that's not my question. I essentially add a fixed pseudo-random permutation on block input, its inverse on block output. However it inherits properties beyond what a commutative cipher is bound to have. I have a reworded question here. – fgrieu Apr 1 at 6:57
_USER_.W.: In the definition of my new question, I leave it to an omnipotent referee to choose a random commutative cipher, and I do not see a problem with this: among the $(|S|!)^{|K|}$ ciphers with message space $S$ and keyspace $K$, some subset is commutative, and the hypothetical referee can pick a random element in that subset. BTW I fail to determine how many elements this subset has, even roughly. – fgrieu Apr 1 at 7:21
Your Answer


text:
Introduction: of The Cast of Avatar 2
The world awaits with bated breath as JamesThe Cast of Avatar 2 Cameron embarks on another mesmerizing journey into the enchanting world of Pandora with Avatar 2. While the film promises to immerse audiences in unparalleled cinematic wonder, much of the excitement stems from the exceptional cast that brings this fantastical universe to life. In this comprehensive article, we delve deep into the stellar lineup of actors who will grace the screen in this epic sequel.
Unraveling the Ensemble
The Return of Familiar Faces
Prepare to be reunited with beloved characters from the first installment as they continue their enthralling saga. Actors such as Sam Worthington, Zoe Saldana, and Sigourney Weaver reprise their roles, infusing the narrative with depth and familiarity.
Introducing New Additions
Joining the cast are several distinguished performers who inject fresh energy and talent into the franchise. From esteemed veterans to rising stars, each new addition brings unique charisma and skill to the table, promising captivating performances.
Exploring Character Dynamics
The chemistry between cast members is integral to the success of any film, The Cast of Avatar 2 and Avatar 2 is no exception. Through intricate character dynamics and compelling interactions, the ensemble cast cultivates a rich tapestry of emotions and relationships, enhancing the storytelling experience.
Behind the Scenes Insights
The Director's Vision
James Cameron's visionary direction serves as the guiding force behind the film's creation. The Cast of Avatar 2 His unparalleled expertise and unwavering dedication to cinematic excellence ensure that every aspect of Avatar 2, including casting choices, aligns seamlessly with his artistic vision.
The meticulous casting process involved careful consideration and collaboration to assemble a cast that embodies the spirit of Pandora. The Cast of Avatar 2 From auditions to final selections, each actor was chosen for their ability to breathe life into their respective characters and contribute to the film's overarching narrative.The Cast of Avatar 2
Training and Preparation
Preparing for roles in Avatar 2 demanded rigorous training and preparation from the cast. From mastering intricate choreography to immersing themselves in the lore of Pandora, actors spared no effort in honing their craft and delivering performances of unparalleled authenticity.
The Cast of Avatar 2: Spotlight on Key Members
Sam Worthington: Returning as Jake Sully
As the heart and soul of the franchise, Sam Worthington's portrayal of Jake Sully continues to captivate audiences with its depth and emotional resonance. In Avatar 2, Worthington's character embarks on a new chapter of his journey, facing fresh challenges and discoveries amidst the lush landscapes of Pandora.
Zoe Saldana: Embodying Neytiri
Zoe Saldana's portrayal of Neytiri, the fierce and compassionate Na'vi warrior, remains a cornerstone of the Avatar series. In Avatar 2, Saldana brings her trademark grace and intensity to the role, further exploring Neytiri's evolution as a leader and guardian of her people.
Sigourney Weaver: Reviving Dr. Grace Augustine
Sigourney Weaver's return as Dr. Grace Augustine adds depth and gravitas to the sequel, as her character's legacy continues to resonate throughout Pandora. Weaver's nuanced performance captures the essence of Dr. Augustine's indomitable spirit and unwavering commitment to preserving the planet's natural wonders.
- Who are the main actors returning for Avatar 2?
- Sam Worthington, Zoe Saldana, and Sigourney Weaver reprise their roles in the highly anticipated sequel.
- Are there any new additions to the cast of Avatar 2?
- Yes, several distinguished performers join the ensemble cast, bringing fresh talent and energy to the franchise.
- What can audiences expect from the performances in Avatar 2?
- Audiences can expect captivating performances infused with emotion, authenticity, and dynamic character interactions. The Cast of Avatar 2
- How did James Cameron approach casting for Avatar 2?
- James Cameron meticulously selected actors who embody the spirit of Pandora and contribute to the film's overarching narrative.
- What kind of training did the cast undergo for Avatar 2?
- The cast underwent rigorous training to master choreography and immerse themselves in the lore of Pandora, ensuring authentic performances.
- What role does each returning actor play in Avatar 2?
- Sam Worthington returns as Jake Sully, Zoe Saldana as Neytiri, and Sigourney Weaver as Dr. Grace Augustine, each bringing their iconic characters to life once again.
As anticipation reaches fever pitch for the release of Avatar 2, the stellar cast stands poised to transport audiences to the mesmerizing world of Pandora once more. With a blend of familiar faces and fresh talent, the film promises to deliver an unforgettable cinematic experience that will leave viewers spellbound.


text:
This surface appears to be the simplest among Peter Connor's experimental doubly periodic genus 3 surfaces.
But appearance can deceive. First, there is a complicated orientation reversing symmetry: Reflect at a horizontal plane, then slide horizontally and diagonally by halfperiods. Next one wonders how the catenoidal handles will move. The above image is already close to one limit, where the neck sizes shrink to zero while the handles are being pushed towards each other, before ever reaching a symmetric position. The other limit is more straightforward, showing two doubly periodic Karcher-Scherk surfaces.