text:
By Nick Erickson
Many geopolitical developments and outcomes—whether it's the conflict between Israel and Palestine, the concerns of the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan or the rise of QAnon and white nationalism in the United States—can be traced to some sort of religious significance. That's true no matter who or what people worship—if they even affiliate with a religion at all.
As she taught more and more semesters, especially transnational security courses, George Washington University Associate Professor at the Elliott School of International Affairs Rollie Lal knew she would have to go further than classroom readings to fully illustrate the link between religion and international affairs. Just prior to the 2020 U.S. presidential election, Dr. Lal reached out to Irene Oh, associate professor and chair of the Columbian College of Arts and Sciences Department of Religion and former director of the Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution Program, about forming a partnership to increase the dialogue among students and faculty.
"Every topic that I was covering had some connection with religion, and it is something that we cannot just ignore anymore," Dr. Lal said.
Dr. Oh was on board, and the Global Affairs and Religion Network (GARNET) was born. In just a year's time, it has gone from an email exchange between two people to a University Seminar with separate student and faculty groups, as well as public events.
The official launch was on Sept. 17, as professor Paul Duff presented on Christianity within the Roman Empire in front of 50 in-person attendees and another 15 online. After hosting a Halloween event on Oct. 29 with associate professor Xiaofei Kang, Dr. Lal and Dr. Oh presenting on spirits and afterlife, GARNET is hosting "Women at Elliott and GW: Speaking up with Confidence" from 12:30-2 p.m. Nov. 18 in Room 212 at the Elliott School.
The faculty working group meets monthly to discuss a pertinent topic, while the student working group is for select graduate students meeting monthly to debate and present topics on religion and security.
Even though younger people are increasingly leaving affiliated religion, Dr. Oh argues that young people are spiritually present and are becoming increasingly aware of diverse cultures and religious traditions, as student participants of GARNET are proving.
International affairs graduate student Jared Shackelford, who plans to one day work in security at a government agency such as the Department of Defense or State Department, is a prime example. During one of the student group sessions, he presented on French secularism and how that separation from church and state, progressive in theory, can lead to cultural differences and missteps such as a 1989 instance when three Muslim girls in France were dismissed from school for wearing hijabs.
Having that understanding will only help prepare him for his future career, and he's grateful to GARNET for providing that glimpse.
"If I don't understand where people are coming from, and why they act the way they do, then I'm not going to be a very good analyst of whatever topic that I'm trying to understand," he said. "So, regardless of the fact of my personal beliefs, it is still a hugely important topic that affects millions of people around the world."
Fellow international affairs graduate student Dikshita Venkatesh agreed and noted that the conversations in the student group are deep and engaging as they have covered a variety of religious topics from different practices all over the world.
"There are a lot of decisions being based on religion whether we like it or not that are major forces in the world today," said Ms. Venkatesh, an international student from India. "As students of international affairs, it's very important for us to study these religions better."
Dr. Lal and Dr. Oh have both been impressed by the students discussing what can be controversial topics openly and respectfully.
While things have moved fast over the past year, Dr. Lal and Dr. Oh envision GARNET expanding with more public access and research opportunities for faculty and students. They have been pleased with what they call overwhelming interest from both undergraduate and graduate students. They are placing more and more content on the website so people can access the information—such as graduate student research papers—to use as resources.
With its reputation for developing future leaders in international affairs, policy and diplomacy, Dr. Lal and Dr. Oh believe GW is a place a program like GARNET can continue to flourish.
"The GW student population in general comes to school in Washington because they're so engaged with current events and international affairs," Dr. Oh said. "I think everyone knows that they need to be religiously literate in order to be active citizens."


When working on an opensource project or library, it's really important to release often new versions and to document them properly.
In this post I'm not going to talk about the benefits of frequent releases in software development, I'm just going to help you to mitigate the main problem associated to frequents releases: The release overhead which is the time you spend on preparing each release. This overhead is not that big at first, but when releasing really often it becomes a boring repetitive time-consuming task that could eventually make you release less often.
The most efficient way to reduce this overhead is by automating most parts of the release process, with the help of the tools you use on your daily development process.
First of all, let's detect the most common steps involved in a release:
 1. Implement the release features.
 2. Increase the version of the library.
 3. Update the changelog with all the relevant changes since last version.
 4. If you've accepted pull requests or contributions, give some credit to the new contributors.
 5. Update the library website of the library with all the new info above.
 6. Push all the changes to the GitHub repository and create a tag for the new version.
 7. Publish the new version to the correspondent library repository.
Once all those steps are done, then you can start working on the next release and repeate all the steps again.
1. Implement the release features
Although this step does not really belong to the release process, this is the most important thing to do in a release: if you don't add anything new or fix something in your library, there is no point doing a new release, it's important to plan which kind of release you're planning to do (major, minor, bug fix) and what changes are you going to include.
Before starting the development of your next version, you should update your library's README file to reflect the new usage options that the new version will have (if any). This will guide you through the development process like some kind of specification and you'll get the benefits of the Readme Driven Development.
You should try to keep the documentation really simple: In most cases just a README.md file with some simple usage examples are enough.
If you need more in-deep examples, you can create them in the examples/ folder. If you document the using inline comments with the Dooco syntax, you'll be able to transform them to beautiful HTML files with all the comments displayed alongside the code.
Also, I recommend you to create a new branch for the release, commiting all your changes there, and once done then merge them to the master branch.
2. Increase the version of the library
Once all the changes are implemented and tested (all your tests pass ‐ you're doing TDD, don't you?) and the README is updated, it starts the release process.
First thing to do is to increase the library version. In some place in your library you must define the current version. If you're planning to publish your library to a package manager you should insert the current version in some specific place (for example in the gemspec file for RubyGems or in the package.json file for npm).
It's recommended to define the package version in just a single place, if you need the library version somewhere else you should get it from this single place where it's defined.
For example in Node.js packages, if you want to make the version available to the outside, it's good to do the following:
exports.version = JSON.parse(
 fs.readFileSync(__dirname + '/../package.json', 'utf8')
).version;
This way you only have to change the library version in a single place, so it will be easier to create an script that parses this single file and updates the version.
3. Update the changelog
Keeping an updated changelog manually is a tedious task, so there are a lot of developers who don't do it at all. Even though, you should create it and mantain it updated: it will become really helpful for the developers using your library.
The standard in most GitHub projects is to use a file called History.md located in the root of the project. The file should be written in Markdown format and should contain the full library changelog.
You can format this file using your preferred layout, it's important to specify the version dates and to format it clearly. This is the layout I use:
### 0.1.3 — *November 17, 2011*
 * Fixed the GitHub publishing of tags in the jake task
 * Updated package.json to make it compatible with Node.js 0.6.x
 * Updated travis YAML file to use the new Node.js support on Travis
### 0.1.2 — *November 14, 2011*
 * Updated Jakefile with tasks to automate publishing new versions
 (...)
The best way to automate the generation of this file is by getting all git commit messages since last version. If you commit your changes using well formed commit messages, then each commit summary can be used as a single bullet point in the changelog.
How can this be achieved? It's very easy: with git and the following single line command you can get all the changes since last created tag.
$ git log 'git describe --tags --abbrev=0'..HEAD --pretty=format:" * %s"
This command prints all the changes between some initial revision and the HEAD, formatted as a plain text bulleted list.
The initial revision is calculated using the command git describe --tags --abbrev=0, which outputs the most recent tag that is in the same branch as the current HEAD.
4. List all the contributors
It's important to give credit to the people who contributes to your library: this way you may encourage more people to join to your project and help you.
An standard way to do it is by creating an AUTHORS file in the root of the project with the following format:
John Doe <_EMAIL_>
Chuck Norris <_EMAIL_>
Bruce Wayne <_EMAIL_>
(...)
To get all the contributors, git is there again to help you: you can get all the commiter names and their email address by calling the following command:
$ git log --all --format="%aN <%aE>" | sort -u
So you just have to replace all the contents in the AUTHORS file by the output of the command above.
5. Update the library website
It's nice to have a public website for your library: It gives you more visibility on the Internet and it can display your package documentation in a more personalized way. GitHub allows packages to have a public web site with static pages, so you don't need to pay for a host and you can update your package site directly with git.
Creating the main page based on README file
I recommend you to reuse the main README.md file of your library for the public site: if your readme is good enough it will be more than enough, and this way you won't have to update two different things each time you modify your library (remember you dont' want to repeat yourself!).
For doing so, you must use a markdown parser that outputs mardown code to HTML. You can use the official one, or use any markdown library written in your library language.
An easy way to generate a full HTML file from a Markdown is by using two partial HTML files (a header and a footer) and then insert the markdown output within them.
The header partial file would look like:
<!DOCTYPE html>

 <title>My awesome library - a library full of awesomeness</title>
 <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="stylesheets/main.css" />

And the footer file like:

Between the header and the footer files you can add as much information as you want, for example the changelog, the contributors and even the license:
$ (markdown README.md && markdown History.md && markdown AUTHORS && markdown LICENSE) | cat docs/_header.html - docs/_footer.html > docs/index.html
This command will insert the output of the four markdown files between the _header.html and _footer.html files and then save the resulting file as index.html in the docs/ folder.
If you


Saturday, July 31College Admissions News
Expect the Unexpected
Expect the Unexpected
Benchmarking Course Costs and Margins:
Gray Associates has begun developing benchmarks on revenue, direct instructional cost, and gross margin by academic program, course, and section. Our first cut at the data, for 100 to 400-level courses in small colleges had some surprising results. A word of caution, these are early results on a sample of schools. As the sample grows, the results may change.
One might expect that teaching English would be relatively low-cost. English professors are often paid less than other professors (e.g., in computer science) and their classes, which are often mandatory general education courses, should be full. As a result, the classes should theoretically have below-average costs per student credit hour (i.e., modest wages divided by lots of credit hours).
The reality is a little different. Theater, Music, English, and French have the highest cost per SCH in our dataset. Programs that are often perceived to be expensive, such as Engineering, have a below-average cost per SCH. Philosophy, a much-maligned discipline, has one of the lowest costs per SCH.
Even if the cost for English is higher, it might still have above-average margins, if revenue per student credit hour were higher. For example, students in English classes might receive less scholarship money than students in STEM programs.
However, Theater, French, Music, and English also have the lowest margins in our dataset. Nursing, often perceived to be an "expensive" discipline, actually has the highest margins, with Finance running a close second.
Overall, cost, margins, and size of discipline are not closely correlated, as illustrated below. To understand which programs are generating subsidies and which may be spending them, you need to pull faculty compensation data from payroll; tuition and discounts (scholarships) from the SIS; and faculty and student data on classes taught and or attended. With this data in hand, you can calculate the real revenue, cost, and margin by section, course, and discipline. Once you know the economics of your academic offerings, you will be in a much better position to invest in growth or address budget cuts–and avoid cuts that may end up costing more than they are worth.
Note: Circle size is proportional to the number of student credit hours.
Published at Mon, 26 Oct 2020 18:41:45 +0000


What Is The Security Guard Meaning?
What is full form security?
Full form of Security is: S-Sensible.
E-Efficient in work.
What are the qualities of a good security guard?
Qualities of a Good Security GuardObservation skills. … Honesty and integrity. … Ability to lead and work in a team. … Communication skills and empathy. … Conciliatory attitude. … Hard-working and flexible. … Physical fitness.
What are personnels?
noun. a body of persons employed in an organization or place of work. (used with a plural verb) persons: All personnel are being given the day off. personnel department.
What are the 3 types of security?
Why is security important?
Obligation to clients and customers: When your business takes a customer's data, you're obligated to do your best to keep that data safe and secure. A data center that takes compliance and physical security seriously helps fulfill this promise, keeping data safe from natural and physical threats to data centers.
What is the meaning of security personnel?
Security Personnel means special agents employed by a railroad or public utility to perform police functions: guards of armored car companies, watchmen, security guards and persons regularly employed in a commercial or industrial operation for the protection of persons employed by or property related to such commercial …
What is the spelling of security guard?
noun. a uniformed guard employed by a bank, airport, office building, etc., to maintain security.
What is difference between security guard and security officer?
There is no difference just officer sounds more professional. In layman's terms, a typical security guard is unarmed and a security officer is armed. … Due to being armed, there are more risks with being a security officer than with a security guard, which can also be a deterrent for some companies/individual(s).
What is security and types of security?
What is the meaning of security?
noun, plural se·cu·ri·ties. freedom from danger, risk, etc.; safety. freedom from care, anxiety, or doubt; well-founded confidence. something that secures or makes safe; protection; defense. freedom from financial cares or from want: The insurance policy gave the family security.
What is the role of a security guard?


text:
One point perspective drawing. Environmental design sketch one point perspective city scape technique. Here is one of many environmental quick sketches for the up coming feature tutorial.
Using one point perspective:
One vanishing point is typically used for roads, railroad tracks, or buildings viewed so that the front is directly facing the viewer. Any objects that are made up of lines either directly parallel with the viewer's line of sight or directly perpendicular (the railroad slats) can be represented with one-point perspective.
One-point perspective exists when the painting plate (also known as the picture plane) is parallel to two axes of a rectilinear (or Cartesian) scene — a scene which is composed entirely of linear elements that intersect only at right angles. If one axis is parallel with the picture plane, then all elements are either parallel to the painting plate (either horizontally or vertically) or perpendicular to it. All elements that are parallel to the painting plate are drawn as parallel lines. All elements that are perpendicular to the painting plate converge at a single point (a vanishing point) on the horizon.
Here is an environmental design using one point perspective.
One point perspective construction lines.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Tap water safety in Baerum (Norway 🇳🇴)
👎 In general, the water in Baerum is not safe to drink.
Numbeo considers this score to be "Moderate"
Scientific reports
We are working on providing you with scientific reports about the water quality in Baerum, if you know a reliable source for that feel free to shoot us a message in the chat below!
Advantages of drinking (filtered) tap water
1 adult could save about 1445$ per year in Baerum by drinking tap water instead of buying bottled water.
Even though drinking water might be considered safe, if you plan to travel to Baerum, consider talking to your local contact to verify that. Old pipes could be leaking toxic material or water in that specific country could contain heavy metals or bacteria.
Tap water safety in all of Norway
World Health Organization (WHO)
Lonely Planet
Tap water is always safe to drink in Norway so fill up a reusable bottle to stay hydrated and help avoid plastic pollution.
Centers for disease control and prevention (CDC)
According to the CDC tap water is generally safe for consumption.


text:
Rhythm of Execution
In Bridge and Dam, Pontoise (Le Pont et le barrage, Pontoise) (1881) Cézanne is using a very similar, almost rhythmic, underdrawing scheme similar to that used in L'Hermitage at Pontoise (1881). The path and bridge are outlined in a comparatively meticulous fashion. Masses of foliage are noted in the underdrawing with a characteristic flurry of scribbles. Upon this underdrawing Cézanne merges two modes of paint application; the varied thickness of paint we saw in the L'Hermitage and the much thinner series of washes he used in Turning Road, Auvers-sur-Oise (La Route tournante à Auvers-sur-Oise), also from 1881. The bushes in the foreground and trees on the bank of the river are initially brushed in with a very thin wash as the foreground of L'Hermitage. Atop of these passages Cézanne applies staccato marks of paint similar to those used in Turning Road.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Wiggle Your Toes
In light of National Wiggle Your Toes Day, I thought I would share some exercises to help get those toes wiggling and feet moving. Why is it important to wiggle your toes and move your feet? The majority of shoes are not designed to allow your feet to function to their full potential, which can impact how the rest of your body moves. High heels cause calf tightening, narrow toe boxes squish your poor toes together, and rigid soles restrict your foot's motion. These are a few of the problems associated with the modern shoes we wear today. Hence, why we need to exercise our feet outside of our shoes!
Can you wiggle your toes? It can be surprisingly difficult because it is not something we do every day. And not to mention, the foot is pretty complex (there are an astonishing total of 28 bones and 33 joints in the foot!) Take 5 minutes per day to give your feet some TLC with the following exercises. Try these simple and effective exercises and you will be…. off on the right (and left) foot :).
1) Short foot: lift your medial arch (think of it like a suction cup) without curling your toes. By activating your medial arch, you will help strengthen some of the smaller muscles in your foot in order to better support the rest of your lower extremity.
2) Independent toe movements: try to lift your big toe without lifting your other 4 toes and vice-versa. For an added challenge, use the Nadora Total Body Band for resistance.
3) Bear crawls with big toe extension and adduction: loop band around knees and then loop it around either big toe, assume a high bear position and load the base of the big toe so your heels are elevated, exhale and push knees out against band to engage your glutes.
4) Toe Flexors Stretch: with heel down, spread and flatten toes against the wall and bend your knee towards the wall keeping it aligned with your 1st and 2nd toes, hold 30 seconds, repeat 2-4x.
Incorporating these exercises can help you move better from the ground up! Let me know what you think by commenting below. And of course, Happy National Wiggle Your Toes day!
Registered Physiotherapist and Kinesiologist
 - Ali
 Oh my gosh, I'm obsessed with the Toe Flexor Stretch! Feels like the arch of the foot benefits so much from that one – especially for people who spend a lot of time on their feet!
 - Kaity M
 This is such a great reminder to care for our feet! So important, yet often neglected. Just did these quick exercises and will be sure to build them into my workout routine. Thank you!
Leave a comment


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A fine way of both shortening and simplifying is if you use the question mark. It's called a ternary operator. With this, you can do conditional assignments on one line.
Consider the following example (taken from Bresenhams line algorithm) :
ystep = 1;
ystep = -1;
The code above could be shortened to one line:
int ystep = y0 < y1? 1 : -1;
Click anywhere to cancel


Have better conversations using the FORD method
My name is Emma, and in today's video I am going to teach you how to be better at conversation
and speaking.
So, in this video I'm going to teach you about how to become better at conversation with a technique.
We call the technique "F-O-R-D" or "FORD".
This technique will really help you if you're shy, if when you meet people for the first
time you don't know what to say, if you feel very uncomfortable at parties or in meetings
or any social events.
This is a great technique.
Even if you're amazing at socializing, this video can still really help you even improve
more than what you already can do.
So let's get started.
Okay, so the first thing I want to talk about is we use FORD as a way of small talk.
So, what is small talk?
Small talk is the type of conversation we have with people we don't know well or strangers.
So, you might make small talk with your neighbours, you might make small talk with your boss,
with your colleagues, maybe if you're, you know, going to a coffee shop you might make
small talk with the store clerk.
So, you make small talk with people you don't know well and it's just a way to make people
feel comfortable in conversation and to create a connection with people.
A lot of conversation is small talk.
If anyone has ever talked to you about the weather, sports, you know, all sorts of different
topics - these are usually small talk topics.
So, again, you might make small talk at parties, in elevators, at meetings, even if you're
taking English classes you will probably make small talk there as well.
So, how do we get good at small talk?
What do we talk about when we don't know what to talk about?
Well, that's where FORD comes in.
FORD is a technique which will help you know what to talk about when you really have no idea.
So maybe this has been you before.
Okay? Maybe this is you: "What should I talk about? Ah."
Or, you know, maybe it's just a bunch of question marks.
"I don't know what to say."
It's totally silent. It's awkward.
So, how can we fix this situation?
Well, FORD stands for four things.
"F" stands for "family".
You can talk about family, and I'm going to give you some great questions you can use
to ask about somebody's family.
"O" stands for "occupation" or job.
I'm going to give you some great questions about occupation that you can ask somebody
you don't know well to keep the conversation going.
"R" stands for "recreation", this is like hobbies, sports, movies, Netflix, TV. Okay?
So I'm going to give you some great questions for hobbies or recreation.
And finally, "D" stands for "dreams".
This is when you ask somebody about their future goals or, you know, something they
want to do.
This does not...
Dreams does not mean when you go to sleep, if you have some weird dream and you share
it with somebody.
I'm not talking about that.
I'm talking about your dreams in life.
What are your goals?
So using the FORD technique will make you better at small talk.
So, now let's look at some specific questions you can ask when you're socializing with somebody
who you don't know that well.
Okay, so again, the "F" in FORD stands for "family".
Family is a great thing to talk about, but remember to keep it light and easy.
You want to talk about things people are comfortable with.
So don't ask them any private questions, you know, like:
"Oh, is it true so-and-so cheated on so-and-so?"
No, no, no. Keep it light, simple, and easy.
And also share about your own family, too.
That's also very important.
You don't want to sound like the FBI interrogating somebody.
You want to have a conversation, so each time they say something, you can say something
about yourself.
So keep it kind of balanced.
Okay, so one easy question you can talk about: "Where are you from originally?"
Okay? "Where are you from?
Are you from Toronto?
Are you from Tokyo?
Are you from Istanbul?
Where are you from?"
This question is great because you can really talk about the difference between your cities
and, you know, maybe some of your experiences growing up.
Similarly: "Where did you grow up?"
A lot of people have moved a lot, so maybe they were born in this city, then they moved
to Mexico, and then they moved here.
So that's also another interesting question.
"Do you still have family there?
Do you still have family in Tokyo?
Do you still have family in Istanbul?"
"How did you meet your boyfriend?", "How did you meet your girlfriend?",
"How did you meet your husband/your wife/your partner?"
Okay? Even your friend.
So this is a great question because it makes the other person tell a story.
You know, and usually the stories are quite interesting.
You know, so this will make the conversation a bit longer which is good.
"Do you have any brothers or sisters?",
"Do you come from a big family or a small family?"
This is a great opener, because then people can talk about their cousins, their aunts,
their uncles, what it's like to grow up in a big family.
Or maybe they grew up in a small family.
And you can compare your stories.
If you grew up in a small family, maybe you always wondered what it was like to grow up
in a big family, or vice versa.
So it's a great way to show similarities and differences.
"How is your family?"
So if you've met the person before, you can ask them this.
"How's your family?
How are they doing?"
If the person has children, people love talking about their kids usually: "How are your children?"
"How are your children doing?
How old are your children?"
These questions are really good to ask.
Finally, some people might not have children or maybe, you know...
Maybe they have different types of family.
Maybe you're on an elevator with somebody and you see they have a dog.
People also love talking about their pets, and pets are family, too, so feel free to
ask about: "What's your dog's name?
How old's your dog?"
You know, all of this...
All of these are really good questions to ask.
Okay, so now let's look at the "O" which stands for "occupation".
Okay, so "O", "occupation".
What is occupation?
Well, usually when we talk about occupation we're talking about jobs or careers, or sometimes
even education.
It's pretty much what you're doing to either make money or, you know, towards a career,
although it doesn't always have to be.
So, we like to talk about occupation because people know about what they're doing; they
know about their job, they know about what they're studying.
So it's good because it makes the person comfortable with a comfortable topic.
So, again, that's the purpose of small talk.
We're trying to keep the person feeling comfortable.
Now, the question I like to ask people the most is not: "What is your job?" because sometimes
people don't have a job or sometimes they're between jobs.
It happened to me once, the person had just lost their job that day and it was a very
awkward, not comfortable discussion after that.
So what I prefer to ask people is: "What's", so: "What is"
or "What's keeping you busy these days?"
This way this gives the person the freedom to talk about what they really want to talk
Maybe they have a lot to say about work, maybe they don't have a job so maybe they'd rather
talk about a project they're working on or something interesting they're doing with their time.
Or, you know, if they're in school maybe they want to talk about their course.
So I think this is actually the best small talk question:
"What's keeping you busy these days?"
And after they, you know, talk about what's keeping them busy, you can ask a follow-up question:
"Oh. That's interesting!
How did you get involved with that?"
Or: "How did you get started in that?"
You know, if it's work: "How did you get involved in that...?
With that company?"
So this is a good follow-up question.
You can also, if they are talking about their job, you can ask them:
"How long have you been in your field?"
You know, maybe they've been doing what they're doing for five years or 10 years.
So you can ask more questions about their job.
"What's the best part of your job?"
Or if they're a student: "What's the best part of, you know, your course?
What do you like the best?"
So it's good to get people to talk about what they really like.
Okay, this is very, very important: In Western culture we do not like talking about money.
In other cultures it's okay, but in Western culture it's considered impolite or a little rude.
So, if somebody tells you: "Oh, yes, you know, I'm a doctor", and you really want to know:
"Well, how much money do you make?" you cannot ask that


text:
A wilderness survival enthusiast, I enjoy practicing my skills and writing about my experiences and sharing my knowledge.
Not All Knives Are Created Equal
In a survival situation, your most valuable resource will be your knife.
For this reason, a good knife is of vital importance to increase your chances of survival. It can mean the difference between making it out alive or dying from exposure or hunger.
To be considered a survival knife, it should be capable of serving a variety of tasks. Some of which include:
- Aid in building shelter
- Processing game and cleaning fish
- Food preparation
- Processing firewood
- Improvised weapon(fixed to a sapling to form a spear)
- Building trap components
- Making tools
So what makes for a proper survival knife that you would trust your life to? There is no one knife that suits every situation, but there are a few critical features that must be included for it to be considered a survival knife:
1. Fixed Blade With Full Tang Made of High-Carbon Steel
The knife must be a fixed-blade design. A fixed-blade knife is far more durable than a folding knife. While a quality folding knife is great in your every-day-carry kits, it will not stand up to challenges a survival situation may present.
A hinge or joint of any kind presents a weakness in your most important survival item. Minimize the risk of losing your key survival resource by choosing a knife that stands up to the pounding, chopping, prying, and cutting demands that will be presented in a survival situation.
Not only should your knife have a fixed blade, but it should also be full tang. "Full tang" means the blade and handle are constructed from a single piece of solid steal.
High-carbon steel ensures a long lasting cutting edge and provides a redundant method for generating sparks to ignite a fire.
Sorry fellas, size DOES matter. But where it relates to your survival knife, bigger is not always better. Too big a blade and you sacrifice the ability to effectively use it for detailed tasks such as carving precision trap components or dressing smaller game.
While at the same time, a small blade does not meet the more rugged demands of tasks like harvesting saplings to build camp.
An ideal size for a good survival knife should be around 9-11 inches overall length.
3. Straight Edge With Flat Spine
When it comes to the actual style or cut of the blade, there are many different options. But for a quality survival knife, a straight edge is preferred for the following reasons:
- Straight edge blades are better when batoning and carving
- Straight edge blades can more easily be sharpened than serrated blades
- Straight edge blades are more versatile
The spine should be milled flat, and at a 90 degree angle to the cheeck of the blade. This allows for creating sparks by either stroking a ferrocerium rod or striking the spine of the blade with a piece of flint or quartz when making fire.
It also makes it easy to strip the inner bark off sticks for making medicine or fire tinder, and in a pinch you can use it to scrape a hide for processing fur and leather.
There are hundreds of survival knives that meet these survival features.
Use the three criteria above as a benchmark for choosing your survival knife. Beyond this, everything else comes down to personal preference.
This content is accurate and true to the best of the author's knowledge and is not meant to substitute for formal and individualized advice from a qualified professional.


text: Campinas - It was named after the pioneers who rested there. There were three small pieces of land in the region, which explains the name. In the framework of its colonial formation, it appeared in the first half of the eighteenth century as a rural district of Vila Jundiaí. In the second half of the eighteenth century, another dynamic economic and social policy in the region was taking shape. Coffee plantations were born inside cane farms, quickly driving to a new development cycle. With the crisis of coffee, Campinas focused on industrial and service sectors. It began to concentrate a more populated area, made up of migrants and immigrants from various regions.


text:
KII Assessment and Report
WHAT IF YOU COULD GROW YOUR INFLUENCE?
The KII™ ("kay-two") is the FIRST and ONLY research-based assessment of Influence Potential.
Piloted at Clemson University, the KII™ provides you an accurate benchmark of your aptitudes on the Seven Influence Traits™; each are needed to increase influence. You'll learn which of these traits are already strengths and which need improvement.
The KII™ is the world's only scientifically, validated assessment that accurately measures your capacity to be influential.
The Keller Influence Indicator® delivers a unique, custom report that:
- Explains your K-Factor™ score.
- Defines each trait clearly and reveals how it is currently impacting your influence.
- Shows your K-Factor™ score and each influence trait score in relation to the general population with easy to read graphs.
- Shows strengths--what you are already doing right.
- Reveals the blind spots keeping you from reaching your full potential.
- Suggests growth actions you can make within each trait
- Teaches you how each trait can be applied at home, at work and in your community.
The KII™ dynamically measures your ever-changing scores on each of the Seven Influence Traits™. This allows you to accurately track your influence development over time.
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text: Two members of UUCSS discuss their personal experience with grief following deaths connected with military service. Evelyn discusses the loss of her father to the war in Vietnam. She recounts the impact of this grief on a nine year old girl who loved her father dearly and the implications of this loss into her adult life, and she shares how Unitarian Universalism impacted her thinking on this loss. How might communities acknowledge pain and respond to loss more effectively and compassionately now than they did then? Jeff, an 18-year veteran of the U.S. Navy, recounts the situation and circumstances surrounding the loss of two Navy colleagues; one to a training accident and the other to suicide. What perspectives does Unitarian Universalism have to offer regarding these and other military deaths? Are these "tragic, unnecessary losses," "noble, honorable sacrifices," both or neither? They consider both big-picture philosophy and personal stories in this honest examination of the meaning of Memorial Day.


text:
Jasmine Wahi (Jasmine Wahi Contemporary Art Advisory) and Meenakshi Thirukode (MT Productions) are pleased to present an experimental curatorial adventure Project For Empty Space, by Tehniyet Masood.
The evolution of Project For Empty Space's installation will be executed by local artist Tehniyet Masood. Every day she will add to a sculpture made out of reclaimed wood from different parts of New York City. Using the recycled wood as a metaphor for New York City's history, Masood will erect a work that draws inspiration from the existing intersections and overlaps of the urban landscape of New York. By bringing together different elements of architecture and design, the structure will take on a life of its own.
Project for Empty Space is an exhibition that investigates the dialog between artist, environment, and community. The relationship of these three subjects has taken on interesting overtones and layers given the current economic climate. Project for Empty Space brings together artists influenced by the environment of the Lower East Side to create thought-provoking and inspiring installations in a vacant outdoor space. Like many public art endeavors,
Project for Empty Space was originally born out of the need to bring contemporary art out of traditionally "high-brow" neighborhoods to the everyday people of New York. Due to the curators' convictions regarding art education and appreciation, the Project has been strategically crafted to encourage the public to interact with the work in a variety of ways. It is the belief of the curators that witnessing the process and evolution of a work of art from concept to completion will spark a sense of curiosity and interest in all who are exposed. The behind-the-scene's evolutionary experience of the artwork is both unique and engaging for the viewers.
Masood, who was born and raised in Karachi, Pakistan, studied Painting and Sculpture at Bennington College and the School of The Art Institute of Chicago.
Throughout the duration of the Project, curators Wahi and Thirukode will invite a number of guest speakers and artists to speak with the public about how New York City's diverse community and cityscape serves as their muse. More details on the presentations will be available closer to the dates.
Project For Empty Space has been made possible by generous donations from Bulldog Gin, Build It Green NYC, Pink Brick House, and numerous donations from private supporters across the globe.
For more information about the exhibition and its sponsors please refer to _URL_ or email _EMAIL_.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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I have just started learning SML and still in the process of making sense of its error messages.
when trying to input the function definition below
val rec : real->real = fn 0.0 => 0.0 | n:real => 1.0/n;
i get the following error :
stdIn:25.9-25.17 Error: syntax error: deleting COLON ID ARROW
stdIn:25.24-25.33 Error: syntax error: deleting FN REAL DARROW
stdIn:25.38 Error: syntax error found at BAR
can someone point out what i am doing wrong ?
thank you.
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
up vote 4 down vote accepted
You have two errors in your code:
 1. Between val rec and the type annotation there should be the name of the value you're defining.
 2. You can't use pattern matching on reals. Since reals are inexact, they aren't equality types, so you can't use = on them either. You need to use Real.== to compare reals for equality (or better: don't compare them for equality, but compare them against some delta instead).
share|improve this answer

hello sepp2k. thank for the answer. I checked the real signatures and found the "==" function you mentioned. i am though still not clear on point 1 you mentioned .. is 'rec' a keyword in SML (i just chose it as a short form for reciprocal) – ankit Jun 24 '11 at 5:00

@ankit: Yes, rec is a keyword - it allows a value definition to be recursive. – sepp2k Jun 24 '11 at 9:29

perfect. makes sense now that i have read the chapter on recursive functions ... thank you for all the help ! – ankit Jun 24 '11 at 16:36
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As a follow-up to my question Regular expressions without alternation, I was wondering what was known about the power of regular expressions in which union is not allowed but backreferences are.
I'm familiar with a number of papers discussing regular expressions with the addition of backreferences, but none that I've seen address the union-free version. This class would be incomparable with the class of regular languages, but are they as hard to recognize as full regular expressions with backreferences? (I've seen several terms used for this; none seem to be standard.) In the case without backreferences, removing union seems to reduce expressibility without making membership tests much/any faster.
As before union means the same as alternation, logical OR, | (in standard regexes), / (ABNF), ∪, etc.
 - $\begingroup$ Do you still allow complementation? For example, could one use $\emptyset^{C}$ to express $\Sigma^*$? $\endgroup$ – Dominik D. Freydenberger Sep 13 '11 at 9:49
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_: I'd take either answer. $\endgroup$ – Charles Sep 13 '11 at 13:01
If you are allowed to use complementation to express $\Sigma^*$ as $\emptyset^{C}$, the resulting language class includes the pattern languages (see, e.g., this survey by Kai Salomaa).
As shown by Angluin, the membership problem for pattern languages is NP-complete. (This holds even if you consider pattern languages that are generated by patterns that do not contain terminal symbols.)
So, membership for this class is as hard as for the full class of regular expressions with backreferences.
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ Great answer! In addition, I think you do not need the complementation to express $\Sigma^*$ if you use instead a union-free expression such as $(a^*b^*)^*$ (binary alphabet), $(a^*b^*c^*)^*$ (ternary alphabet), and so on. $\endgroup$ – Hermann Gruber Dec 14 '14 at 22:53
Your Answer


text: The openwork malu boards of the Sawos people of New Guinea are perhaps the ultimate expression of the curvilinear style that characterizes the carving of the Middle Sepik River. Although created by the Sawos, malu are traded to the neighboring Iatmul people who use them in the context of the initiation ceremonies that mark the transition of boys to manhood. If a boy dies during the initiation process, the malu are displayed to the village women to indicate that a death has occurred. The complex imagery of these objects incorporates bird, mammal, and insect forms, many of which represent totemic species. The central face of this object depicts the heart of the sago beetle, a large insect. Four hornbills, important totemic birds, are incorporated into the openwork carving. The pig, an animal of great social and ritual significance throughout New Guinea, appears at the base.


text:
Background The Dade Behring Syva(R) EMIT (enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique) method for the measurement of tacrolimus in whole blood was evaluated against the Abbott IMx(R) microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA) method. EMIT measures tacrolimus colorimetrically, whereas MEIA measures the analyte using fluorimetry. Both methods incorporate a protein precipitation step prior to measurement.
Method Whole blood specimens were treated by two types of precipitation technique followed by analysis for tacrolimus by either MEIA or EMIT on the Bayer Advia 1650. Linearity and precision were assessed and correlation analysis performed to evaluate the EMIT assay on the Bayer Advia 1650.
Results The EMIT tacrolimus assay was linear over the concentration range 0.0-22.0 mug/L; the limit of detection was 1.2 mug/L. Correlation between the Syva EMIT and IMx tacrolimus assays was excellent (r=0.959) and no significant bias existed between the two methods (mean difference, delta = 0.221 mug/L). Calibration data for the EMIT assay was stable for a period of 24-48 h on the Advia between runs.
Conclusion The Syva EMIT assay for the measurement of tacrolimus in whole blood is suited for daily routine use on the Bayer Advia 1650.


text:
An improved computer modeling program was used to calculate the saturation indexes of 50 waters from the Beaver basin in west-central Utah with respect to uraninite and coffinite. The mineral-solution study showed that the chemical environment of parts of the Beaver basin is favorable for the occurrence of sandstone-type uranium deposits. The ground waters from several areas are supersaturated with respect to uraninite and coffinite. Two areas, in particular, an area west of the town of Beaver and an area near the settlement of Manderfield, have been identified as most favorable for exploration. The methods described in this study can be utilized to evaluate waters from wells and exploration drill holes as indicators of proximity to possible sandstone-type uranium deposits in other alluvial basins in the western United States.
Miller, W. R.; McHugh, J. B.; and U.S. Geological Survey, "Application of Mineral-Solution Equilibria to the Search for Sanstone-Type Uranium Deposits in the Beaver Basin, Utah" (1981). All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository). Paper 559.


text:
The 2016 IPMEN Conference is being hosted in Indonesia. Find out more.
The International Pacific Marine Educators Network (IPMEN) is a network of marine educators whose shared vision is to nurture a fuller understanding of the ocean's value, leading to informed, responsible and creative decisions that conserve and restore the integrity of the ocean's ecosystems in the Pacific. The mission of IPMEN is to foster collaborative relationships that will create the resources, programs, training and leadership necessary to build ocean literacy at every level of society in the Pacific region. Since its inception in Hawaii in 2007, IPMEN has held biennial conferences in Australia (2008), Fiji (2010) and Chile (2012) and Japan (2014).
Marine educators who share the IPMEN vision and goal are invited to watch for the next conference in Indonesia in 2016.
The IPMEN 2014 conference was held in Japan. The week-long conference began in Tokyo and then moved to Iwate, including the area devastated by the March 11, 2011 tsunami.
Bringing hope and pride to the devastated area is an important aspect of the conference. The people are faced with depopulation and a declining fishing industry. They have been encouraged to rebuild their homeland through their traditional resilience but are at a loss as to how to do this. Through networking with the local integrated coastal manage- ment system, which includes not only fishermen and industry but also housewives and school children, the IPMEN delegates were able to help advance this local agenda while furthering IPMEN's mission."


The Sociological Analysis of Universal Celebration of International Workers' Day
Timothy Ojewuyi Blessing
Timothy Ojewuyi Blessing
May 2021 | Nigeria
The Sociological Analysis of Universal Celebration of International Workers' Day
Sociologically, the purposes of holidays are to cease the everyday activities, to stop work and have a break that is recognised and endorsed by others. Holiday is an inseparable part of building a strong bond between family, and our community. It gives us a sense of being as an important part of the community and a way to express what is important to us. Holiday is an invaluable tool for a macro-sociological analysis because it reflects a society's attributes and also serve to modify these attributes. Holidays are intended to allow individuals to celebrate or commemorate an event or tradition of cultural or religious significance. This means that, with every holiday, there must be an historical events behind it.
The historical event behind International Workers' Day was an ancient European spring festival and it became manifested with the conscious efforts of socialist and communist groups that demanded a time for honouring workers and the working class. The holiday became universally promoted with the efforts of International Workers Association in 1904 to commemorate the socio-historic man slaughter of protesting labourers in Haymarket Square in Chicago, USA in 1886 by calling on "all Social Democratic Party organisations and trade unions of all countries to demonstrate energetically on the First of May for the legal establishment of the eight-hour day, for the class demands of the proletariat, and for universal peace."
Therefore, the first of May is a widely recognised as a public and national holiday in many sovereign countries across the globe. In fact, over 90 countries out of 195 countries in the world recognised May 1st as a public holiday. Though, some countries regarded it as a labour day while some called it International Workers' Day.
From my sociologist perspective, the celebration of International Workers' Day is a conscious effort of integrating labourers and workers into the community since they are vital part of the bigger society. Durkheim is of the opinion that collective consciousness is crucial in explaining the existence of the society because it does not only produces society but it also holds it together. With holiday like this, labourers and workers feel delighted as being part of the wider community of the world and it will definitely abolish what Durkheim called Egoistic suicide and Fatalistic Suicide.
According to Durkheim egoistic suicide is when a man becomes socially isolated or feels that he has no place in the society and he destroys or kills himself. This is the kind of suicide committed by self-centred person who lacks altruistic feelings and he/she is usually cut off from main stream of the society. While Fatalistic suicide is the type of suicide that is due to overregulation in society. The examples of fatalistic suicide are under the overregulation of a society, when a servant or slave commits suicide, when a barren woman commits suicide. Perhaps, that is why Durkheim argued that human beings become aware of one another as social beings, not just animals through their collective consciousness.
Also, the activities on the day, that is 1st of May, bring about unity, peace and sense of belonging. On the day, most citizens in different countries do engage in different public and group activities like parade, marches, public lectures and family shopping. Parade is a procession of people, usually organized along a street, often in costume, and sometimes accompanied by bands, floats or a large of balloons basking in the celebration of the day while in some other countries like Nigeria public lecture is staged where the president in the spirit of National May Day Celebration will address the nation in Abuja, the capital city at the Eagle Square. The president himself will be there to give a speech, and thousands of people will crowd the square to hear him, also, there are numerous events across Nigeria on this day, organized by schools, labour unions, hospitals, and various other institutions in Nigeria to make the day a memorable one.
As a reflection of holiday, most people also use the opportunity of "no work routine" to spend qualitative and quantitative time with their families. Families can decide to visit amusement parks, zoological garden, cinema, shopping mall, dam, Lake, beach, game reserve or any other places of interest that can unite the family and also bring peace of mind.
In conclusion, one will agree that International Workers Day celebration is a part of social inclusion that will give workers and labourers sense of belonging to the community. It will remove sense of inferiority, promotes contempment, satisfaction and brings about social recognition. Inwood (1992: 245-47) and Margalit (2001: 128-129) discuss the meaning of recognition as the act of acknowledging or respecting another being, such as when we 'recognise' someone's status, achievements or rights. Definitely, international Workers Day celebration gives labourers and workers the recognition and sense of belonging that they deserve because they are people that their activities can either make or mar the progress of any nation.
How to contribute to Applied Worldwide
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text:
The workshop held at the FSM4 in Chennai in February 2017, was done in order to develop a greater laboratory network to discuss the Detection and Enumeration of Soil Transmitted Helminths method. The method was physically demonstrated at the IIT Madras University and thereafter presentations on the method development process and quality assurance as intra-laboratory and inter-laboratory procedures were discussed at the FSM4 venue. Some of the discussions that took place are as follows:
- The availability of Ascaris Suum eggs, has been a major discussion directly affecting quality assurance. In order to have a sufficient supply of eggs for the distribution of referenced samples a decision needs to be made on how we will concentrate and be able to supply them within the samples.
- A discussion about distributing the draft SOP, video of method and QA/QC protocol amongst the participants for feedback was initiated. It is suggested that a group discussion be developed so has to enhance the communication between the different laboratories and their queries as the method develops further.
- A uniform method needs to be distributed through both DUT and UKZN to avoid confusing during training of technicians. The method Sonja is distributing also needs to be discussed via Colleen Archer.
- There should be communication between laboratories discussing viable and non-viable eggs and pictures can be taken and submitted to one another for verification.
- Interested collaborating laboratories should contact either Dennis at DUT or Colleen at PRG.


text:
WaterTectonics was contracted by Goodfellow Brothers, Inc. for water management support at their 74 acre Amazon fulfillment center project in Troutdale, OR. The three phase water treatment plan developed and implemented by WaterTectonics consisted of the following:
Phase 1: Pre-Wet Weather Program – WaterTectonics designed and installed an AcistBox (Automated Chitosan Injection System Treatment) with filtration at the treatment flow rate of 500 gallons per minute. A separate 250 gallon per minute bypass system for contaminated groundwater included pumps, diversion valving with flow monitoring and detention.
Phase 2: Wet Weather Season – The AcistBox treatment system was upgraded to 1,000 gallons per minute to manage site runoff.
Phase 3: Build Complete – A pHATBox (pH Automated Treatment) was installed to monitor and treat high pH water from permanent subgrade stormwater conveyance.
Over the ten month project, contaminated groundwater and approximately 66 million gallons of turbid stormwater were successfully managed and treated with zero non-compliant discharges.


Category:
What is the Difference Between a Flathead and Phillips Screwdriver?
Article Details
 - Written By: Michael Pollick
 - Edited By: Niki Foster
 - Last Modified Date: 23 March 2018
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At first glance, the main difference between a flathead screwdriver, or more properly called a slotted or flat blade screwdriver, and a Phillips screwdriver should be patently obvious. A flathead has a single blade, and a Phillips has two blades in the shape of a cross. Attempts to use a flathead tool on a screw designed for a Phillips usually won't be successful, and a Phillips screwdriver could never be used on a slotted screw. Both are considered "driver" tools, which means they are used to force bolts or screws through various types of material.
There are differences beyond the blade shapes, however. The flathead has been in use far longer than the Phillips. When screws began to replace hammer-driven nails in the manufacturing process, the single slot screwhead was almost universal. A flathead screwdriver became an indispensable tool for woodworkers and other commercial artists. This version is still considered the default model to this day, even with its inherent problems.
The Phillips screwdriver, by comparison, is still a rather new tool option. Invented by Henry Phillips, a tool company owner working in the 1930s, the screwdriver and accompanying screws were intended to provide a safer alternative to the traditional flathead. Henry Phillips wanted a screwdriver that would prevent a damaging process called overtorquing.
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Traditional screwdrivers at the time often allowed the user to put too much twisting force, or torque, on the slotted screws. By designing a cross-shaped blade and corresponding cross-shaped screws with a slight depression, Phillips could apply more torque than with a flathead. This mechanical advantage allows users to use their twisting strength more efficiently. The depressions in the screws, however, forced the blades of the Phillips to slip out before any damaging overtorquing could occur.
One flaw in the flathead design is the relative strength of the blade, or bit. When a flathead bit is attached to a powered driver, the added force can cause a weaker blade to snap off. In addition, the slotted screw may become stripped if too much torque is applied. This is why the use of the flathead screwdriver is generally limited to woodworking and other light-to-medium industrial applications. Only the strongest flathead driving bits are used for high-torque manufacturing processes.
By comparison, a Phillips screwdriver is very well-suited for industrial processes. Once the Phillips bit is seated securely in the Phillips head screw, the operator can apply much more torque for fastening. Since the screw will force out the bit at the first sign of overtorquing, there is less risk of damage to the product or the bit.
Some modern screws accept both flathead and Phillips screwdrivers, although some experts suggest using a Phillips for tightening and a flathead for loosening the screw. One advantage a flathead has over a Phillips, however, is universality. In case of emergency, a number of other flat metal objects, such as coins, butter knives or keys, can be used to tighten or loosen a screw. It is much more difficult to duplicate the fit of a Phillips head.
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Discuss this Article
LisaLou
Post 11
In my kitchen junk drawer I keep one screwdriver. This has several different kinds of screwdriver bits stored inside the handle. This way you only have one screwdriver to keep track of, but yet have the correct bit to use for the job you need to get done. All you have to do is unscrew the bit that is on there and choose the one you need. Being able to store the additional bits in the handle is nice because you always know where they are.
myharley
Post 10
@honeybees -- That is really not a bad idea what your husband did. Especially if you are setting up housekeeping, you will probably need both a flathead and Phillips screwdriver. That would be one less thing they would have to go out and buy.
I think a hammer and a screwdriver set is a must for just about anyone. My dad always liked to give flashlights for a Christmas present. This wasn't a very exciting gift, but he encouraged us to keep it in our car because you never know when you might need one.
honeybees
Post 9
My husband loves his tools, and always says that the proper tool makes the job a whole lot easier. When our kids would move out on their own, he would give each of them a screwdriver set. I think the boys appreciated this more than our daughter did, but nevertheless, it was his way of helping them prepare for life on their own.
sunshined
Post 8
It seems like no matter how many screwdrivers I have around, I never have the right one handy when I need it. If I need to use a flathead screwdriver, all I can find is a Phillips, or it is the other way around. It would probably help if I was more organized with my tools, but both of them are essential to have.
I must admit, I have often tried to use things like coins or a knife to tighten something without using a screwdriver. While it may get the job done, I don't think it ever gets it as tight as it would have been if I had used the proper screwdriver.
anon291029
Post 7
There a lot of different types of torque screwdrivers. So it's better to know the difference about them. The star screwdriver is what we commonly use at home. A flat screwdriver is also know as a turnscrew.
anon262901
Post 6
Stop calling it a "flat head" screw driver instead of validating ignorant terms. If you refuse to call it a "flat head" and call it what it is, a slotted screwdriver, maybe it will get beaten into their brains what it is called!
anon231154
Post 5
The Philips self centers the torque through the center axis of the screw, while the flathead (slotted) does not self center the torque through the center axis of the screw. Much more inefficient.
anon159595
Post 4
@FireBird - I think because there's more surface area between the screw driver and the screw there is more mechanical advantage with the Phillips Screw. I don't think the distance between the axis or hand gives any advantage.
Another thing, when it comes to advantages is that theoretically it takes half the time to align a Phillips Screw as opposed to a slotted screw (because the Philips Screw is tapered and has 2 perpendicular slots so you don't really have to aim to make the screw driver lock in to the screw). This might not seem like a big deal but if you have 10,000 screws to put into an assembly line that makes some huge time savings.
anon45580
Post 3
What you are calling a flathead screw is instead a slotted screw. A flathead screw is one made to go into a countersunk hole so that the top of the screw is flush, that is, flat, to the surface.
Moderator's reply: Thanks for your comments! You're absolutely right that "flathead screwdriver" is a bit of a misnomer. They are also called slotted screwdrivers but these terms tend to refer to the shape on the screw rather than the screwdriver itself. Their most appropriate name is probably "flat blade screwdriver." Still, since many people refer to this kind of screwdriver as a "flathead" versus a "Phillips" and since we aim to answer common questions, we took that route. Thanks again for your additional information!
FireBird
Post 1
How does the Phillips allow for more mechanical advantage if the distance between the axis and the screwthread, and that between the axis and the hand are the same as with flatheads?
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text:
Size – 5-6.5mm.
Description – Fairly uniform dark brown with a slightly lighter brown area at the posterior edge of the pronotum, extending for most of the width. A dense covering of light brown hairs is obvious. The legs and antennae are a lighter brown colour and the antennae are long, extending a way beyond the posterior edge of the pronotum.
British and Irish distribution of Brachygonus ruficeps (Mulsant & Guillebeau, 1855) based on records held by the National Biodiversity Network.
Distribution data supplied by:
- Countryside Council for Wales
- Natural England
Distribution – The sole British locality of this species is Windsor, where it was discovered by Allen, (1938) and subsequently re-found in 1986.
Biology – The larvae are associated predominantly with old decayed Oak (Quercus rober), where they are often found in old cavities in the trunks and large branches. The larvae pupate and eclose at the end of the summer and the imago overwinters inside the pupal case.
Habitat – Ancient broadleaved woodland.


text:
Our company "Mars Bio Chem" offers exclusively designed range of Sewage Treatment Plants. As the products offered by our organization are the most scientific and accurate in getting rid of the sewage in most effective manner, these are widely used for various application areas like growing demands of Water, Industrial waste and Effluent treatment plants.
For convince" Mars Bio Chem" have divided in two parts of sewage treatment because we get two type of waste water one is sewage related which we can say human waste water and other is related (bio-degradable item) (HI-BOD) which we can say kitchen & hospital waste water.
Mars Bio Chem provides a useful process for sewage water treatment. Now-a-days this is too important method for treat water of sewage. We gave its name "waste water treatment through plantation"(reed bed). It is very useful for domestic waste water of hotels, apartments, colonies, open drainage, schools institutes etc. It is a best adoptable method additional cost results are amazing. Its works on gravity, low electric power, requirements easy to maintain cost effective for a large quantity sewage treatment plant. Treated water quality will meet the specified norms of cpcb/state pollution control board for water reuse.
if have a large space than this method is useful.
Type of reed bed method:
- Horizontal flow reed-beds
- Vertical flow reed-beds
- Down-flow reed-beds
Benefits of through plantation method ( reed bed)
- Friendly environment
- Maintenance free
- Without chemical treatment
- Less civil work
- Beautiful surrounding
- Best result


. For that, an underlying surface should me made a parent of the Mesh Clutter node. (If there are some nodes in the hierarchy between a terrain or mesh node and Mesh Clutter, intersections will still be checked.)
A parent for intersection can only be a terrain or a mesh object. The mesh should be terrain-like, i.e. it should have only one surface vertically, along the Z coordinate.
Mesh Clutter performs only one vertical intersection testing with parent mesh geometry. If there are surfaces underneath the upper surface, they will be ignored. For example, to scatter reference nodes across the whole sphere, two hemisphere meshes need to be used.
Intersection After the Intersection box is checked, objects will be scattered across the surface of the parent object.
 - It does not matter if the Mesh Clutter is bigger than the parent object in size - the scattering area will be still be limited to parent object surfaces.
Orientation This option allows to set a parent surface normal vector as the initial orientation for scattered objects. It means, if the surface in some place is vertical, the up direction for objects over will be actually pointing to the side.
 - They can be still randomly rotated but relative the orientation of the parent normal.
 - This parameter is enabled only if Intersection option is checked.
Angle Just like in the case with grass, the scattering can take into account how steep the slope is.
 - By the minimum value of 0, it makes no difference how flat or how tilted the surface over which the Clutter objects are scattered.
 - The bigger the value is, the flatter the place should be for objects to be scattered over it. As the value increases, at first steep slopes are ignored and then flatter ones become bare.
 - By the maximum value of 1, the objects can be scattered only over perfectly horizontal surface.
 - This parameter is enabled only if Intersection option is checked.
Last update: 2018-06-04
Build: ()


text:
Equine Water Systems
Water Filtration and Purification for Horses
Vibrant water has been working vigilantly with professionals in the Equine Industry and have developed a number of Equine Water Systems. Our system is designed for two purposes:
Producing healthy and safe water:
- Removing Bacteria
- Removing Nitrates
- Removing Fluorides (proven very dangerous for horses)
- Removing Chlorine and Chloramines
- Removing volatile organics, oils and other unwanted chemicals.
Improve the taste of the water, making it more desirable for the horse to drink.
- Improved Hydration and Electrolyte Balance
- Improved Performance and Recovery through better hydration.
University Case Studies show that all animals will drink more water if they like the taste, resulting in better hydration.
Water aids in digestion and elimination of waste. Drinking more water will assist in the prevention of impaction colic. In addition, drinking healthy water will reduce the possibility of colic from harmful things in the water such as chemicals, organisms and volatile organics.
Vibrant's Equine Hydration System has been designed to be portable if needed. If there is no water supply, you can take your own bottles with you while you are competing to assure your horse continues to be hydrated with the high quality water it has been accustomed to.
Features and Specifications of the Equine Hydration System:
- 2.5" x 20" five micron filtration with spun polypropylene replaceable cartridge
- 2.5" x 20" cartridge with KDF for chlorine reduction and coconut shell activated
- carbon to remove volatile organics, tastes and odors.
- a ESF Scale preventer. Proprietary catalytic/magnetic to prevent scale prevention in reverse osmosis membrane.
- Pressure Boost Pump. Non-metallic pressure head. Can operate dry.
- Reverse Osmosis Membrane, 2.5" x 14" Thin film (polyamide) 150 gallon per day
- 3.2 gallon hydro pneumatic storage tank. Field adjustable
- Proprietary Ultra Violet Disinfection. Calculated Fluence 40mJ/cm2 @ 3 GPM.
- Lamp in air with vents for cooling, Water in a FEP thermoplastic coil. Used for final
- sterilization of water and prevents cross contamination of water in the hydro-pneumatic tank.
- Oxygen injected for accelerated hydration.
- Electrolyte injection system available
- Equine Model E-150 Water Treatment System
- Proven Enhanced Performance through better hydration
- Help prevent colic through better hydration
- Help prevent colic and overall health by removing dangerous
- Removes 90% of all elements dissolved in water.
- chemicals and volatile organics from the water.
- Can be up fitted for bottled water for humans.
- 150 gallons per day system. Can be sized to fit your barn or draining facility up to 30,000 gallons per day.
We recently installed Vibrant's Equine Hydration System at our barn. My Quarter Horse, Cody has always been in peak condition. When it comes to barrel racing, one hundredth of a second can cost you. We have monitored the amount of water he is drinking and it has increased dramatically. Cody has been running his best times consistently, he is more focused, with a much shorter recovery time as well. I believe being better hydrated results in Cody's increased performance and I am more comfortable knowing he is drinking water for his overall well being. I have 5 gallon bottles I take with me to make sure he gets the water during competitions and rodeos as well." Ashley Porter, WPRA, NBHA member.


text:
Definitions of pray
n. & v. - See Pry. 2
v. i. - To make request with earnestness or zeal, as for something desired; to make entreaty or supplication; to offer prayer to a deity or divine being as a religious act; specifically, to address the Supreme Being with adoration, confession, supplication, and thanksgiving. 2
v. t. - To address earnest request to; to supplicate; to entreat; to implore; to beseech. 2
v. t. - To ask earnestly for; to seek to obtain by supplication; to entreat for. 2
v. t. - To effect or accomplish by praying; as, to pray a soul out of purgatory. 2
The word "pray" uses 4 letters: A P R Y.
No direct anagrams for pray found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after pray (in bold), or to apry in any order:
d - pardy e - apery payer repay g - grapy h - harpy n - pyran o - payor r - parry s - prays raspy spray t - party
List shorter words within pray, sorted by length
All words formed from pray by changing one letter
Browse words starting with pray by next letter


, we need to think! The problem is that our first test has a text with a length of zero. Also, strpos() returns false when it can't find the string. Comparing false with zero ... is? It is true. This is bad for us because the loop will became infinite. The solution? Let's change the first condition. Instead of searching for a space and comparing its position with the line's length, let's instead attempt to directly take the character at the position indicated by the line's length. We will do a substr() only one character long, starting at just the right spot in the text.
 function wrap($text, $lineLength) {
 if (substr($text, $lineLength - 1, 1) == ' ')
 return substr ($text, 0, strpos($text, ' ')) . "\n" . $this->wrap(substr($text, strpos($text, ' ') + 1), $lineLength);
 if (strlen($text) > $lineLength)
 return substr ($text, 0, $lineLength) . "\n" . $this->wrap(substr($text, $lineLength), $lineLength);
 return $text;
 }
But, what if the space is not right at the end of line?
 function testItWrapsTwoWordsWhenLineEndIsAfterFirstWord() {
 $textToBeParsed = 'word word';
 $maxLineLength = 7;
 $this->assertEquals("word\nword", $this->wrapper->wrap($textToBeParsed, $maxLineLength));
 }
Hmm... we have to revise our conditions again. I am thinking that we will, after all, need that search for the position of the space character.
 function wrap($text, $lineLength) {
 if (strlen($text) > $lineLength) {
 if (strpos(substr($text, 0, $lineLength), ' ') != 0)
 return substr ($text, 0, strpos($text, ' ')) . "\n" . $this->wrap(substr($text, strpos($text, ' ') + 1), $lineLength);
 return substr ($text, 0, $lineLength) . "\n" . $this->wrap(substr($text, $lineLength), $lineLength);
 }
 return $text;
 }
Wow! That actually works. We moved the first condition inside the second one so that we avoid the endless loop, and we added the search for space. Still, it looks rather ugly. Nested conditions? Yuck. It's time for some refactoring.
 function wrap($text, $lineLength) {
 if (strlen($text) <= $lineLength)
 return $text;
 if (strpos(substr($text, 0, $lineLength), ' ') != 0)
 return substr ($text, 0, strpos($text, ' ')) . "\n" . $this->wrap(substr($text, strpos($text, ' ') + 1), $lineLength);
 return substr ($text, 0, $lineLength) . "\n" . $this->wrap(substr($text, $lineLength), $lineLength);
 }
That's better better.
Step 8 - What About Multiple Words?
Nothing bad can happen as a result of writing a test.
The next simplest test would be to have three words wrapping on three lines. But that test passes. Should you write a test when you know it will pass? Most of the time, no. But, if you have doubts, or you can imagine obvious changes to the code that would make the new test fail and the others pass, then write it! Nothing bad can happen as a result of writing a test. Also, consider that your tests are your documentation. If your test represents an essential part of your logic, then write it!
Further, the fact the tests we came up with are passing is an indication that we are getting close to a solution. Obviously, when you have a working algorithm, any test that we write will pass.
Now - three words on two lines with the line ending inside the last word; now, that fails.
 function testItWraps3WordsOn2Lines() {
 $textToBeParsed = 'word word word';
 $maxLineLength = 12;
 $this->assertEquals("word word\nword", $this->wrapper->wrap($textToBeParsed, $maxLineLength));
 }
I nearly expected this one to work. When we investigate the error, we get:
Failed asserting that two strings are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
-'word word
-word'
+'word
+word word'
Yep. We should wrap at the rightmost space in a line.
 function wrap($text, $lineLength) {
 if (strlen($text) <= $lineLength)
 return $text;
 if (strpos(substr($text, 0, $lineLength), ' ') != 0)
 return substr ($text, 0, strrpos($text, ' ')) . "\n" . $this->wrap(substr($text, strrpos($text, ' ') + 1), $lineLength);
 return substr ($text, 0, $lineLength) . "\n" . $this->wrap(substr($text, $lineLength), $lineLength);
 }
Simply replace the strpos() with strrpos() inside the second if statement.
Step 9 - Other Failing Tests? Edge Cases?
Things are getting trickier. It's fairly hard to find a failing test ... or any test, for that matter, that was not yet written.
This is an indication that we are quite close to a final solution. But, hey, I just thought of a test that will fail!
 function testItWraps2WordsOn3Lines() {
 $textToBeParsed = 'word word';
 $maxLineLength = 3;
 $this->assertEquals("wor\nd\nwor\nd", $this->wrapper->wrap($textToBeParsed, $maxLineLength));
 }
But, I was wrong. It passes. Hmm... Are we done? Wait! What about this one?
 function testItWraps2WordsAtBoundry() {
 $textToBeParsed = 'word word';
 $maxLineLength = 4;
 $this->assertEquals("word\nword", $this->wrapper->wrap($textToBeParsed, $maxLineLength));
 }
It fails! Excellent. When the line has the same length as the word, we want the second line to not begin with a space.
Failed asserting that two strings are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
 'word
-word'
+ wor
+d'
There are several solutions. We could introduce another if statement to check for the starting space. That would fit in with the rest of the conditionals that we've created. But, isn't there a simpler solution? What if we just trim() the text?
 function wrap($text, $lineLength) {
 $text = trim($text);
 if (strlen($text) <= $lineLength)
 return $text;
 if (strpos(substr($text, 0, $lineLength), ' ') != 0)
 return substr ($text, 0, strrpos($text, ' ')) . "\n" . $this->wrap(substr($text, strrpos($text, ' ') + 1), $lineLength);
 return substr ($text, 0, $lineLength) . "\n" . $this->wrap(substr($text, $lineLength), $lineLength);
 }
There we go.
Step 10 - We Are Done
At this point, I can't invent any failing test to write. We must be done! We've now used TDD to build a simply, but useful, six-line algorithm.
A few words on stopping and "being done


petsc-master 2015-11-27
Report Typos and Errors
Use SNES to solve the semilinear-system A(x) x = b(x) via a Picard type iteration (Picard linearization)
_TAG_ "petscsnes.h"
PetscErrorCode SNESSetPicard(SNES snes,Vec r,PetscErrorCode (*b)(SNES,Vec,Vec,void*),Mat Amat, Mat Pmat, PetscErrorCode (*J)(SNES,Vec,Mat,Mat,void*),void *ctx)
Logically Collective on SNES
Input Parameters
snes - the SNES context
r - vector to store function value
b - function evaluation routine
Amat - matrix with which A(x) x - b(x) is to be computed
Pmat - matrix from which preconditioner is computed (usually the same as Amat)
J - function to compute matrix value, see SNESJacobianFunction for details on its calling sequence
ctx - [optional] user-defined context for private data for the function evaluation routine (may be NULL)
We do not recomemend using this routine. It is far better to provide the nonlinear function F() and some approximation to the Jacobian and use an approximate Newton solver. This interface is provided to allow porting/testing a previous Picard based code in PETSc before converting it to approximate Newton.
One can call SNESSetPicard() or SNESSetFunction() (and possibly SNESSetJacobian()) but cannot call both
 Solves the equation A(x) x = b(x) via the defect correction algorithm A(x^{n}) (x^{n+1} - x^{n}) = b(x^{n}) - A(x^{n})x^{n}
 Note that when an exact solver is used this corresponds to the "classic" Picard A(x^{n}) x^{n+1} = b(x^{n}) iteration.
Run with -snes_mf_operator to solve the system with Newton's method using A(x^{n}) to construct the preconditioner.
We implement the defect correction form of the Picard iteration because it converges much more generally when inexact linear solvers are used then the direct Picard iteration A(x^n) x^{n+1} = b(x^n)
There is some controversity over the definition of a Picard iteration for nonlinear systems but almost everyone agrees that it involves a linear solve and some believe it is the iteration A(x^{n}) x^{n+1} = b(x^{n}) hence we use the name Picard. If anyone has an authoritative reference that defines the Picard iteration different please contact us at and we'll have an entirely new argument :-).
SNES, nonlinear, set, function
See Also
SNESGetFunction(), SNESSetFunction(), SNESComputeFunction(), SNESSetJacobian(), SNESGetPicard(), SNESLineSearchPreCheckPicard(), SNESJacobianFunction
Index of all SNES routines
Table of Contents for all manual pages
Index of all manual pages


text:
more about some of the ongoing projects.
How can I become a partner?
PACT offers different possibilities for partnerships, notably the adoption or sponsorship of a World Heritage site, support for existing programmes and the development of educational awareness raising as well as support for activities in local and international communities.
For more information on current projects and areas of cooperation or how to become a partner in the conservation of world heritage, please contact:
World Heritage - PACT
UNESCO's World Heritage Centre
7, place Fontenoy
75352 Paris 07 SP, France
Tel: 00 33 01 45 68 15 71
Fax: 00 33 01 45 68 55 70
Work or Volunteer at a World Heritage site
How can I work or do an internship at UNESCO's World Heritage Centre?
All applications for professional or internship opportunities must be sent to UNESCO. Please consult the UNESCO website for information about career opportunities and apply online.
How can I volunteer at a World Heritage site?
Every year, thousands of volunteers participate in restoration and research projects at World Heritage sites around the globe. Innumerable opportunities exist for volunteers to focus their efforts on helping environmental watchdogs, nature conservationists or architectural restorers at sites inscribed on the World Heritage List, as well as assisting researchers with scientific studies in ecology, zoology, archaeology, and other relevant disciplines (e.g. anthropology, economics, social studies, etc.)
Click here for more information about volunteer opportunities.


text:
Get our free book (in Spanish or English) on rainwater now - To Catch the Rain.
Local sustainability initiatives
Please see our local or city pages via the Victoria (Australia) category, where of course you can share any more information you may have about local sustainability initiatives.
Initiatives by topic
Lighter Footprints, local Climate Action Group
Community Energy, information from Victoria State government, includes a "Guide to Community-Owned Renewable Energy for Victorians"
Maps: Wind energy in Victoria, 2010
Wikipedia: Cycling in Victoria
Wikipedia: Protected areas of Victoria: Victoria is the smallest mainland state in Australia. As of 2008 it contained 2,850 separate protected areas with a total land area of 39,273 square kilometres (15,163 sq mi) (17.26% of the state's area). Of these, 45 were national parks, totalling 28,023 square kilometres (10,820 sq mi) (11.32% of the state's area)
News and comment
Monash to become Australia's first 100 per cent renewable energy powered university, Oct 9
Victoria backs renewable energy community hubs with $900,000 investment, Apr 28
Yarra City Council Becomes Australia's 1st 'One Planet Council', September 3
Local communities in Victoria (Australia)


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Using Spock to Test Spring Classes
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Using Spock to Test Spring Classes
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As the previous post mentioned, Spock is a powerful DSL built on Groovy ideal for TDD and BDD testing and this post will describe how easy it is to use Spock to test Spring classes, in this case the CustomerService class from the post Using Spring Data to access MongoDB. It will also cover using Spock for mocking.
Spock relies heavily on the Spring's TestContext framework and does this via the @ContextConfiguration annotation. This allows the test specification class to load an application context from one or more locations.
This will then allow the test specification to access beans either via the annotation @Autowired or @Resource. The test below shows how an injected CusotmerService instance can be tested using Spock and the Spring TestContext: (This is a slightly contrived example as to properly unit test the CustomerService class as you would create a CustomerService class in the test as opposed to one created and injected by Spring.)
package com.city81.mongodb.springdata.dao

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration

import spock.lang.*

import com.city81.mongodb.springdata.entity.Account
import com.city81.mongodb.springdata.entity.Address
import com.city81.mongodb.springdata.entity.Customer

@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring/applicationContext.xml")
class CustomerServiceTest extends Specification {

 @Autowired
 CustomerService customerService

 def setup() {
 customerService.dropCustomerCollection()
 }

 def "insert customer"() {

 setup:

 // setup test class args
 Address address = new Address()
 address.setNumber("81")
 address.setStreet("Mongo Street")
 address.setTown("City")
 address.setPostcode("CT81 1DB")

 Account account = new Account()
 account.setAccountName("Personal Account")
 List<Account> accounts = new ArrayList<Account>()
 accounts.add(account)

 Customer customer = new Customer()
 customer.setAddress(address)
 customer.setName("Mr Bank Customer")
 customer.setAccounts(accounts)

 when:
 customerService.insertCustomer(customer)

 then:
 def customers = customerService.findAllCustomers()
 customers.size == 1
 customers.get(0).name == "Mr Bank Customer"
 customers.get(0).address.street == "Mongo Street"

 }
}
The problem though with the above test is that MongoDB needs to be up and running so to remove this dependency we can Mock out the interaction the database. Spock's mocking framework provides many of the features you'd find in similar frameworks like Mockito.
The enhanced CustomerServiceTest mocks the CustomerRepository and sets the mocked object on the CustomerService
package com.city81.mongodb.springdata.dao

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration

import spock.lang.*

import com.city81.mongodb.springdata.entity.Account
import com.city81.mongodb.springdata.entity.Address
import com.city81.mongodb.springdata.entity.Customer

@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring/applicationContext.xml")
class CustomerServiceTest extends Specification {

 @Autowired
 CustomerService customerService

 CustomerRepository customerRepository = Mock()

 def setup() {
 customerService.customerRepository = customerRepository
 customerService.dropCustomerCollection()
 }

 def "insert customer"() {

 setup:

 // setup test class args
 Address address = new Address()
 address.setNumber("81")
 address.setStreet("Mongo Street")
 address.setTown("City")
 address.setPostcode("CT81 1DB")

 Account account = new Account()
 account.setAccountName("Personal Account")
 List<Account> accounts = new ArrayList<Account>()
 accounts.add(account)

 Customer customer = new Customer()
 customer.setAddress(address)
 customer.setName("Mr Bank Customer")
 customer.setAccounts(accounts)

 when:
 customerService.insertCustomer(customer)

 then:
 1 * customerRepository.save(customer)

 }

 def "find all customers"() {

 setup:

 // setup test class args
 Address address = new Address()
 address.setStreet("Mongo Street")

 Customer customer = new Customer()
 customer.setAddress(address)
 customer.setName("Mr Bank Customer")

 // setup mocking
 def mockCustomers = []
 mockCustomers << customer
 customerRepository.findAll() >> mockCustomers

 when:
 def customers = customerService.findAllCustomers()

 then:
 customers.size() == 1
 customers.get(0).name == "Mr Bank Customer"

 }

}
The CustomerRepository is by way of name and type although it could be inferred by just the name eg
def customerRepository = Mock(CustomerRepository)
The injected customerRepository is overwritten by the mocked instance and then in the test setup, functionality can be mocked.
In the then block of the insert customer feature, the number of interactions with the save method of customerRepository is tested and in the find all customers feature, the return list of customers from the findAll call is a mocked List,as opposed to one retrieved from the database.
More detail on Spock's mocking capabilities can be found on the project's home page.

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text: Second graders have spent a couple of weeks now (I see them every day) on art of Central and South America. Here, we learned about the Chilean Rainsticks that the Aztecs used to "summon the rain." Students constructed rainsticks out of paper towel holders. They put tin foil inside the paper towel roll to slow the flow of the beads inside. This mimics the cacti needles that are punctured into the authentic rainsticks. I let them "have at it" with all of my craft stuff. They loved it!!!


text:
Closing the Gaps Between What Sounds Good and What Gets Done
What We Know
Most leaders struggle to close the gaps between the types of employee behavior they desire and the types of behavior they get. Here are three possible explanations for those gaps:
- Employees understand what they're expected to do, but they're unable to do it
- Employees understand what they're expect to do, but they're unwilling to do it
- Employees don't understand what they're expected to do
Contrary to what many leaders believe, the most common explanation for not getting more of the behavior they expect is because their employees do not understand what they're expected to do.
Too many leaders seem to believe that the words and phrases contained in their mission statements, core values and other such documents adequately describe the things they expect employees to do. Those words and phrases have two things in common:
- They all sound good
- They have little or no impact on employee behavior or organizational performance
According to Jim Bearden, closing the gaps between what sounds good (mission statements, core values or core beliefs), and what gets done (employee behavior) is a key leadership role.
in this powerful workshop jim will
- Lay out 4 truths about the relationship between leadership behavior and organizational responses to challenges & changes
- Describe 6 specific steps leaders can take to get more of the behavior they expect
- Walk us through his 4-step model for expanding & enhancing employee engagement
jim's unique post-workshop component
- Jim will send each participant a series of weekly follow-up pieces focusing on key points covered in the workshop
- In those pieces he will offer additional thoughts about topics covered and suggestions to help participants translate the material covered into effective leadership behavior
Participants won't hear any platitudes or theories, but they will leave with a better understanding of specific Leadership behavior for Closing the Gaps Between What Sounds Good & What Gets Done.