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Tungsten Powder Molten Metal Flame Spray
flame spray/flame spray process/thermal sprayPhoto courtesy of Westaim Ambeon
It has long been recognized that fluids may be broken up into very fine particles by a stream of high velocity gas emanating from a nozzle. Early experiments using this atomizing approach appear to have been directed at producing metallic powders rather than coatings. It was left to Schoop to appreciate the possibility that a stream of metallic particles, formed from a molten source, could produce a coating. Myth has it that Schoop developed the concept when playing "soldiers" with his son and observing the deformation of lead pellets being fired from a toy cannon against a brick wall. Whatever the rationale, it can be stated that the pioneer work of Schoop resulted in the discovery and development of metal spraying and subsequently the "Thermal Spray Process".
The first spray technique developed by Schoop was the outcome of experiments in which molten metal was poured into a stream of high velocity gases. Schoop's apparatus consisted of a compressor supplying air to a heated helical tube. The heated air was used to pressurize a crucible filled with molten metal and eject it out as a fine spray that would adhere to a suitable surface. This system was bulky, primitive and inefficient; however, the concept did lead to the development of portable and user friendly equipment.
There are no further accounts of molten metal spraying by Schoop, it appears that his efforts were directed at developing and improving powder and wire flame spraying. However, work by others continued as a 1924 Dutch patent, describing equipment for spraying low melting point metals, was granted to Jung and Versteeg (2). Mellowes Ltd commercialized the process in the UK. Their system consisted of a gun, a furnace, an air compressor and a fuel supply. The gun had many air and gas valves, a heating chamber (burner), nozzle, handle and a melting pot. The pot was bulky having the ability to store 1.8 kg (4 lb) of molten lead. The pot sat atop the heating chamber, which was similar in construction to a Bunsen burner. Compressed air, fed to the burner, intensified the flame. The handle jutted out and downward from the pot; it was insulated using wood and asbestos. Metal exited the pot through a front orifice where it was directed into a nozzle. Compressed air surrounded the nozzle, atomizing the molten metal and propelling it to the surface to be coated.
The molten metal process has advantages and disadvantages. Advantages include: cheap raw materials; use of inexpensive gases; and, gun design is very basic. Noteworthy disadvantages are: gun is cumbersome to use in the manual mode, can only be held in a horizontal plane; high maintenance due to high temperature oxidation and molten metal corrosion; and, useful only with low melting temperature metals.
Uses for the molten metal thermal spray process include the fabrication of molds, masks and forms for the plastics industry, using low melting point bismuth based alloys (the Cerro family of alloys); the deposition of solder alloys to joints that would be coalesced using torches or ovens; and, the production of metal powders.
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Could you provide a proof of Euler's formula: $e^{it}=\cos t +i\sin t$?
share|improve this question
Based on one of the tags, I think you mean $\exp(i t)=\cos(t)+i\sin(t)$, but you need to make it explicit; many mathematical objects carry Euler's name. – Ｊ. Ｍ. Aug 28 '10 at 4:19
_USER_. Mangaldan: Yes, maybe that's the one but there are plenty Euler formulas to choose from :) – AD. Aug 28 '10 at 4:34
Actually, it is common to define $e^{it}$ using your equation. If something is to be proved we must start by asking what we know about the involved parameters, so how is your definition of $e^{it}$? Do you use a series or some other limit process? – AD. Aug 28 '10 at 20:54
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10 Answers
up vote 32 down vote accepted
Assuming you mean $e^{ix}=\cos x+i\sin x$, one way is to use the MacLaurin series for sine and cosine, which are known to converge for all real x in a first-year calculus context, and the MacLaurin series for $e^z$, trusting that it converges for pure-imaginary z since this result requires complex analysis.
The MacLaurin series: $$\begin{align} \sin x&=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{(-1)^n}{(2n+1)!}x^{2n+1}=x-\frac{x^3}{3!}+\frac{x^5}{5!}-\cdots \\ \cos x&=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{(-1)^n}{(2n)!}x^{2n}=1-\frac{x^2}{2!}+\frac{x^4}{4!}-\cdots \\ e^z&=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{z^n}{n!}=1+z+\frac{z^2}{2!}+\frac{z^3}{3!}+\cdots \end{align}$$
Substitute $z=ix$ in the last series: $$\begin{align} e^{ix}&=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{(ix)^n}{n!}=1+ix+\frac{(ix)^2}{2!}+\frac{(ix)^3}{3!}+\cdots \\ &=1+ix-\frac{x^2}{2!}-i\frac{x^3}{3!}+\frac{x^4}{4!}+i\frac{x^5}{5!}-\cdots \\ &=1-\frac{x^2}{2!}+\frac{x^4}{4!}+\cdots +i\left(x-\frac{x^3}{3!}+\frac{x^5}{5!}-\cdots\right) \\ &=\cos x+i\sin x \end{align}$$
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This is by far the easiest proof to follow. – Noldorin Aug 29 '10 at 12:16
_USER_: yes, but it gives no intuition. The real mystery here is why the RHS should satisfy the identity a(x+y) = a(x) a(y) and this proof gives no insight into this. Of course this is fundamentally a geometric statement about rotation, and a good proof of Euler's formula should have a clear connection to these geometric ideas. – Qiaochu Yuan Aug 29 '10 at 13:22
+1 This is the way Euler originally proved it (though _USER_ I think my proof is easier to follow :) – BlueRaja - Danny Pflughoeft Aug 29 '10 at 17:19
_USER_: Yes, true. Unfortunately, I (among others) aren't familiar enough with group theory (Lie groups specifically) to appreciate it fully. From a fundamental perspective, your proof would seem like the most insightful; from a historical/simple perspective, possibly this one is. – Noldorin Aug 29 '10 at 20:33
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Let $\mathbf{A}$ be an $n \times n$ matrix. Recall that the system of differential equations
$$\mathbf{x}' = \mathbf{Ax}$$
has the unique solution $\mathbf{x} = e^{\mathbf{A}t} \mathbf{x}(0)$, where $\mathbf{x}$ is a vector-valued differentiable function and $e^{\mathbf{A}t}$ denotes the matrix exponential. In particular, let $\mathbf{J} = \left[ \begin{array}{cc} 0 & 1 \\ -1 & 0 \end{array} \right]$. Then the system of differential equations
$$x' = y, y' = -x$$
with initial conditions $x(0) = 1, y(0) = 0$ has the unique solution $\left[ \begin{array}{cc} x \\ y \end{array} \right] = e^{\mathbf{J}t} \left[ \begin{array}{cc} 1 \\ 0 \end{array} \right]$. On the other hand, the above equations tell us that $x'' = -x$ and $y'' = -y$, and we know that the solutions to this differential equation are of the form $a \cos t + b \sin t$ for constants $a, b$. By matching initial conditions we in fact find that $x = \cos t, y = \sin t$. Now verify that on vectors multiplying by $\mathbf{J}$ has the same effect as multiplying a complex number by $i$, and you obtain Euler's formula.
This proof has the following attractive physical interpretation: a particle whose $x$- and $y$-coordinates satisfy $x' = y, y' = -x$ has the property that its velocity is always perpendicular to and has proportional magnitude to its displacement. But from physics lessons you know that this uniquely describes particles which move in a circle.
Another way to interpret this proof is as a description of the exponential map from the Lie algebra $\mathbb{R}$ to the Lie group $\text{SO}(2)$. Euler's formula generalizes to quaternions, and this in turn can be thought of as describing the exponential map from the Lie algebra $\mathbb{R}^3$ (with the cross product) to $\text{SU}(2)$ (which can then be sent to $\text{SO}(3)$). This is one reason it is convenient to use quaternions to describe 3-d rotations in computer graphics; the exponential map makes it easy to interpolate between two rotations.
Edit: whuber's answer reminded me of the following excellent graphic.
This is what is happening geometrically in whuber's answer, and is essentially what happens if you apply Euler's method to the system of ODEs I described above. Each step is a plot of the powers of $1 + \frac{i}{N}$ up to the $N^{th}$ power.
share|improve this answer
Is there the possibility of circular logic here? You are using too many cannons... one of which might well require the result you are trying to prove. – Aryabhata Aug 28 '10 at 18:43
_USER_: everything I said requires only real-variable techniques except the last step, which is trivial. In particular one can show that the solutions to x'' = -x are linear combinations of sine and cosine directly; this doesn't require the theory of the characteristic polynomial, if that's what you're thinking of. I would appreciate if you could be more specific. – Qiaochu Yuan Aug 28 '10 at 19:16
_USER_: I was just wondering if there could be a case of circular logic. I had nothing specific in mind. Euler's formula is quite a fundamental result, and we never know where it could have been used. I don't expect one to know the proof of every dependent theorem of a given result. But anyway, you seem to have justification, so I won't bother you :-) – Aryabhata Aug 29 '10 at 7:22
Thank you for the graphic! – whuber Aug 29 '10 at 14:37
_USER_: the principal part of Qiaochu's answer--namely, that Euler's formula can be understood as the exponential map from R to SO(2)--is a modern way of expressing the elementary construction described in my answer. An advantage of the modern approach is its far reach, as hinted at by the application to SU(20; a possible disadvantage is that to the uninitiated it appears to obscure the basic geometric idea. But there's no "circular logic." – whuber Aug 29 '10 at 15:07
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One could provide answers based on a wide range of definitions of $\exp$, $\cos$, and $\sin$ (e.g., via differential equations, power series, Lie theory, inverting integrals, infinite sums, infinite products, complex


text:
The census of the big cat began today across different forests of Odisha on Monday with the State aiming to cover more forests this time than the previous years.
According to sources, the census will take place in 20 forests across the State this year. As many as 15 forests were covered during the last census in 2018.
A meeting between the State Forest department officials and the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) had been organised to chalk out plans for the survey.
A State-level nodal officer for the census will be appointed and training will be given to Master Trainers by NTCA officials. The census will be conducted in four phases. While the first and third phases will be carried out by the State forest department, the second and fourth phases will be conducted by the NTCA, sources informed.
The first phase of the counting will be carried out using a special app, while the third phase will be conducted using camera trap. After scrutinising all data, a final census report will be published.
According to the 2004 census, which was carried out using pug mark method, there were 192 tigers in Odisha. However, the numbers declined sharply to 45 in 2006 after camera trap technique was adopted for the counting.
While the big cat population stood at 32 in 2010, the count in the State declined further to 28 during 2014 and 2018 census. However, Odisha is hopeful to see an upward trend during the counting this year.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Can you UseCodeTags in future? It makes your posts much easier to read, so you're more likely to get a useful reply. I've added them this time.
The question is all about the order constructors get called, and which constructors get called when an object is deserialized. Do you know what the rules are for that? Basically:
- The initial creation of the Dog object prints Animal/Dog, because superclass constructors are called first.
- The constructor of a serializable object is not called when deserializing. But if the superclass is not serializable, its constructor will be called. Change the code to make Animal serializable and you'll notice a change in the output.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The following are the current most viewed articles on Wikipedia within Wikipedia's Pre-Columbian category. Think of it as a What's Hot list for Pre-Columbian. More info »
This is a beta release and so the figures may be a day or two out of date. We'd love to get your thoughts.
|2||Genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas||457|
|4||Metallurgy in pre-Columbian America||54|
|5||1st millennium in North American history||10|
This category is the overall parent category, containing sub-categories and articles relating to the historical era defined as the pre-Columbian era (occasionally also referred to as pre-Hispanic in some contexts). This era incorporates all period subdivisions in the history and prehistory of the Americas before the appearance of significant European influences on the American continents (late 15th / early 16th centuries). The usage of the term may also extend (in context) to incorporate the continuity of indigenous cultures of the Americas into and beyond the European colonial period.
This category has the following 10 subcategories, out of 10 total.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Migrating databases to a new computer
Ready for a new computer and would like to migrate your Pagico data to the new computer? Here's a step-by-step tutorial on the data migration.
Backing up your Database
During this migration process, you should not lose any data. However, now is a good opportunity to make an extra copy of your database just in case.
Migrating the Database
1) Locate your database on the old computer. If you aren't sure where that is, you can launch Pagico and use the menu commands File -> Close database to return to the Welcome screen. There you can see your recent DBs and their paths.
On Mac, your database looks like a piece of paper with a letter "p" on it. On Ubuntu or Windows, your database looks like a folder with an extension name of ".pgco".
2) Copy the entire database (the.pgco folder) to your new computer, perhaps into the Documents folder or anywhere you like.
3) Install & launch Pagico on the new computer. Then use the "Open an existing database" button to open the migrated database.
4) Once you're in, you should see all your data by now. If you previously had workspaces configured for data sync, please read on the steps below to restore the data sync.
Restoring the Workspace Sync
When opening your migrated database, Pagico will notice that this database is no longer on the original computer, so it's going to prompt you this and recommend that you should disabled the workspace sync. You can enable the workspace sync feature but the sync will not work as your have a new computer ID at this point.
5) Go to the Preferences section and sign in with your Pagico ID account, then choose to resume your old identity when prompted. That should finish the connection to your workspace.
You're all set now! Once you've signed in with your Pagico ID account, Pagico will also automatically retrieve your Inbox data for you.
Have more questions? Submit a request


text:
Is your contractor compliant – and are you?
11 April 2018
Would you allow your dentist to perform open heart surgery on you just because they're a medical professional and have lots of certificates on the wall? That's the question BAFE chief executive Stephen Adams put to delegates attending his session on contractor competence in the Fire Safety Keynote Theatre at the Fire Safety Event this morning (11 April).
Since the Grenfell disaster, the spotlight has been well and truly focused on how competent responsible persons and duty-holders are, said Stephen. "Contractors must be trained and certificated to ensure a quality and safe service. The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 states that every commercial building in the UK must have a responsible person/duty-holder to ensure a competent person is implementing fire safety measures."
He went on to quote the BSI's definition of competence, which describes it as the "distilled wisdom of people with expertise in their subject matter and who know the needs of the organisations they represent". Under the RRFSO, the responsible person must:
- Carry out a fire risk assessment of the premises and review it regularly
- Tell staff about any risks identified
- Put in place and maintain appropriate fire safety measures
- Plan for an emergency
- Provide staff with information, fire safety instruction and training
"It all starts with the fire risk assessment," Stephen emphasised. "Is the person doing it competent? Remember, different competencies will be required to risk-assess different premises. And the people doing it need to know and declare what they are and are not competent to do. General competence covers all aspects – passive, active, means of escape, etc. Specific competence is to do with particular buildings and premises. And competence must be ongoing, as all buildings and use thereof change all the time."
The first report from the ongoing Hackitt review into the Grenfell disaster, published before Christmas, spoke about the need to raise levels of competence and establish formal accreditation of those engaged in the fire-prevention aspects of the design, construction, inspection and maintenance of high-rise residential and complex buildings.
Said Stephen: "Grenfell happened because of a failure all the way through – what Dame Judith Hackitt has called 'the golden thread of competence' has been broken so many times it ended up in this terrible fire."
He then went on to discuss third-party certification, which, according to Stephen, "provides the fullest possible assurances regarding quality, safety and reliability". In the real world, he explained, you need competence for the following reasons:
- Increasing demand from major customers in both the public and private sector
- Insurers and the HSE are increasingly looking at competence "after the event" to ensure all reasonable risks were assessed
- The Fire & Rescue Services are taking legal action in more and more cases against responsible persons and fire risk assessors, with significant fines and jail terms now common
- There must be no more disasters like Rosepark, Lakanal House and Grenfell Tower
But the challenge in terms of third-party certification is how to assess it across the board – Dame Judith Hackitt's "golden thread". Stephen explained: "Bafe is a register of competent companies, and some individuals, principally the field of active fire protection. It introduced a fire risk assessment scheme after Lakanal House but five years on, only 62 companies have been registered to it. That's pathetic! Why are end-users not more demanding with regarding to being sure the contractors they are using are competent?"
Stephen wound up his presentation by urging the delegates always to source competent suppliers and providers, and to start by searching for them on the BAFE registers, which states clearly what services they are certified to provide.


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In this paper, a novel variational framework is introduced toward automatic 3-D building reconstruction from remote-sensing data. We consider a subset of building models that involve the footprint, their elevation, and the roof type. These models, under a certain hierarchical representation, describe the space of solutions and, under a fruitful synergy with an inferential procedure, recover the observed scene's geometry. Such an integrated approach is defined in a variational context, solves segmentation both in optical images and digital elevation maps, and allows multiple competing priors to determine their pose and 3-D geometry from the observed data. The very promising experimental results and the performed quantitative evaluation demonstrate the potentials of our approach.


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Have you ever experienced the heart-stopping moment when a glass of red wine topples over on your couch? If you have, you know the panic that ensues. But fear not! This comprehensive guide will teach you how to get red wine out of a couch effectively and efficiently.
What You Will Learn in This Post:
- Step-by-step instructions on how to remove red wine stains from your couch.
- Tips and tricks for preventing stains from setting in.
- Recommendations for the best stain removal products.
Understanding Red Wine Stains
Before we dive into the process of removing red wine stains, it's essential to understand why red wine leaves such stubborn stains. The color in red wine comes from natural pigments in the grape skins known as anthocyanins. These pigments are water-soluble and can easily penetrate fabric fibers, making the stain challenging to remove.
How to Get Red Wine Out of a Couch: A Step-by-Step Guide
Step 1: Blot the Stain
As soon as the wine hits the couch, grab a clean cloth and start blotting the stain. It's crucial to blot, not scrub, as scrubbing can cause the wine to penetrate deeper into the fabric.
Step 2: Apply a Homemade Stain Remover
Mix one tablespoon of white vinegar, one tablespoon of dish soap, and two cups of cool water. Apply this solution to the stain using a clean cloth. Let it sit for a few minutes to break down the wine's pigments.
Step 3: Rinse and Dry
Rinse the area with cool water and blot it dry. If the stain is still visible, repeat the process until the stain is completely gone.
Preventing Stains from Setting In
One of the best ways to prevent a red wine stain from setting in is to act fast. The quicker you can start the cleaning process, the better chance you have of completely removing the stain.
The Science Behind Red Wine Stains
To effectively combat red wine stains, it's helpful to understand the science behind them. Red wine gets its vibrant color from natural pigments found in grape skins called anthocyanins. These pigments are water-soluble and can easily penetrate fabric fibers, making the stain difficult to remove. Additionally, red wine is acidic, which can cause the fabric fibers to swell and absorb the stain even more deeply.
Pre-Treatment: The First Line of Defense
As soon as the red wine hits your couch, it's crucial to act quickly. Blot the stain with a clean cloth to remove as much of the wine as possible. Remember, blot, don't scrub, as scrubbing can push the wine deeper into the fabric and cause it to spread.
DIY Stain Removal Solutions
If you don't have a commercial stain remover on hand, don't worry. There are several effective DIY solutions you can try:
- Salt or Baking Soda: After blotting the stain, cover it with a thick layer of salt or baking soda. These substances can help absorb the wine and pull it out of the fabric. Let it sit for a few minutes, then vacuum up the salt or baking soda.
- Dish Soap and Hydrogen Peroxide: Mix equal parts
dish soapand hydrogen peroxide, then apply it to the stain. This combination can help break down the pigments in the wine. After letting it sit for a few minutes, rinse with cool water and blot dry.
- White Vinegar and
Dish Soap: Mix one tablespoon of white vinegar, one tablespoon of dish soap, and two cups of cool water. Apply this solution to the stain, let it sit for a few minutes, then rinse and blot dry.
Commercial Stain Removers: A Stronger Solution
If the DIY solutions aren't enough to remove the stain, you may need to turn to a commercial stain remover. There are several products specifically designed to remove red wine stains, such as Wine Away and Chateau Spill. Always follow the instructions on the product label, and remember to test the product on an inconspicuous area of your couch first to ensure it won't damage the fabric.
Post-Treatment: Ensuring the Stain is Gone
Once you've treated the stain, it's important to check that it's completely gone before you let the area dry. If any trace of the stain remains, it can set in as the fabric dries, making it much more difficult to remove later. If the stain is still visible, repeat your chosen treatment method until it's gone.
Preventing Future Stains
Prevention is always the best strategy when it comes to red wine stains. Consider using a fabric protector spray on your couch, which can provide a barrier that prevents spills from soaking into the fabric. Additionally, always keep your stain removal supplies on hand so you can act quickly if a spill does occur.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do you get red wine stains out of a couch?
Start by blotting the stain with a clean cloth to absorb as much of the wine as possible. Then, apply a mixture of dish soap and white vinegar, let it sit for a few minutes, rinse with cool water, and blot dry. Repeat the process until the stain is completely gone.
How do you get wine out of a fabric couch?
The process is similar to removing red wine stains. Blot the stain, apply a cleaning solution (like dish soap and white vinegar), rinse, and blot dry. Repeat until the stain is gone.
Does red wine come out of fabric?
Yes, red wine can be removed from fabric with the right cleaning methods and products. The key is to act quickly before the stain sets in.
How do you get dried red wine out of fabric?
Dried red wine stains can be more challenging to remove, but it's still possible. Start by applying a small amount of warm water to rehydrate the stain. Then, apply a cleaning solution, rinse, and blot dry. Repeat until the stain is gone.
How do you get wine out of a sofa?
The process is the same as removing wine from a fabric couch. Blot the stain, apply a cleaning solution, rinse, and blot dry. Repeat until the stain is gone.
What's the best way to get wine out of fabric?
The best way to remove wine from fabric is to act quickly, blot the stain, apply a cleaning solution, rinse, and blot dry. Repeat the process until the stain is gone.
Does wine come out of fabric?
Yes, wine can be removed from fabric with the right cleaning methods and products.
Does vinegar remove wine stains?
Yes, white vinegar can help break down the pigments in red wine, making it easier to remove the stain.
Can you get red wine out of a sofa?
Yes, with quick action and the right cleaning methods, you can remove red wine stains from a sofa.
How do you get wine stains out of fabric?
Blot the stain, apply a cleaning solution (like dish soap and white vinegar), rinse, and blot dry. Repeat until the stain is gone.
Are red wine stains permanent?
Red wine stains can become permanent if they're not treated quickly or properly. However, with quick action and the right cleaning methods, you can effectively remove red wine stains.
How to get red wine out of leather couch?
For leather, use a leather cleaner or a mixture of mild soap and water. Blot the stain, apply the cleaner, then wipe it off with a damp cloth.
While a red wine spill on your couch can be a stressful event, it doesn't have to be a disaster. With quick action and the right tools, you can remove the stain and keep your couch looking as good as new.
Remember, the key to successful red wine stain removal is to act fast, blot don't scrub, and use the right stain removal method for your couch's fabric. With these tips in mind, you'll be well-equipped to handle any red wine spills that come your way.


text:
The definition of bairn is the Scottish term for a child.(noun)
An example of a bairn is a reference in a book when a Scottish character says they "have a dozen bairns," which means a dozen children.
See bairn in Webster's New World College Dictionary
See bairn in American Heritage Dictionary 4
Origin: Middle English barn
Origin:, from Old English bearn; see bher-1 in Indo-European roots.
Learn more about bairn


text:
Red GUI Architecture
VID stands for Visual Interface Dialect. It is a dialect of Red, providing the simplest possible way to specify graphic components with their properties, layouts and even event handlers. VID code is compiled at runtime to a tree of faces suitable for displaying.
The GUI code engine contains several parts:
Platform-independent faces management engine
Reactive actions events
Draw dialect interpreter
Reactive actions can be defined directly from VID dialect or can be specified directly using the REACT function.
Draw is a Red dialect for 2D vector drawing. It can be specified in different ways:
in VID layouts
directly in the
drawproperty of any face object
using the DRAW function to draw directly onto an image
An internal API allows multiple backends (OS/graphic system combinations) so that the View engine can be implemented in different environments. Each backend must be capable of extensive 2D drawing for complete support of Draw dialect.
The initial design of VID, Draw and most of View (except for the reactive parts) were created by Carl Sassenrath and implemented in Rebol. Red View is a completely new, independent implementation providing similar features with some desirable improvements. Reactive actions being a prime example.


orb into the corresponding weapon allowing for a higher level capacity. Additionaly, certain levels of weapon evolution have other benefits, such as the ability to deal extra damage to a certain class of enemies or inflict certain status effects.
The orbs were usually awarded to the player for completing the game's quests and dungeons, however due to the game being scaled down to fit on the Super Nintendo cartridge, some weapons' orbs were dropped by standard enemies in the final dungeon.
Each different weapon is listed as follows, in the order they are obtained, with the name for each level of upgrade. Many weapons also have other unique gameplay abilities, just as cutting obstacles or pulling characters across gaps.
The sword is the first weapon gained in the game, found near the river in the beginning of the game. It is a close range weapon, which can also be used to cut down certain obstacles in the world like bushes. The sword in it's ninth level, as the Mana Sword, is by far the most powerful weapon in the game. The Mana Sword can only be unlocked properly via the use of "Mana Magic" in the game's final battle. It can be unlocked earlier by using a glitch in the game to get an extra sword orb.
The boy pulling the rusty sword from a tree stump.
1. Rusty Sword
2. Broad Sword
3. Herald Sword
4. Claymore
5. Excalibur
6. Masamune
7. Gigas Sword
8. Dragon Buster
9. Mana Sword
The spear is given to the hero by Sage Luka of the Water Palace. The spear gives you a little bit more range then the sword., but more importantly, a second weapon to fill a similar role to the sword. Not counting the special ninth level of the sword, the Spear is the most powerful weapon in the game.
1. Spear
2. Heavy Spear
3. Sprite's Spear
4. Partisan
5. Halberd
6. Oceanid Spear
7. Gigas Lance
8. Dragoon Lance
9. Daedalus Lance
When the sprite child joins the heroes quest, he is equipped with the boomerang. When used correctly, the boomerang can strike multiple enemies almost anywhere on the screen.
1. Boomerang
2. Chakram
3. Lode Boomerang
4. Rising Sun
5. Red Cleaver
6. Cobra Shuttle
7. Frizbar
8. Shuriken
9. Ninja's Trump
Bow and Arrow
Given to the hero when the sprite child joins the team. A ranged weapon which can be fired across gaps and obstacles to hit switches and enemies.
1. Chobin's Bow
2. Short Bow
3. Long Bow
4. Great Bow
5. Bow of Hope
6. Elfin Bow
7. Wing Bow
8. Doom Bow
9. Garuda Buster
The Axe is bought for 100 gold from Watts the blacksmith. While the sword and spear can cut through bushes and grass, the axe allows you to smash through rocks and stalagmites. A close combat weapon.
1. Watt's Axe
2. Lode Axe
3. Stout Axe
4. Battle Axe
5. Golden Axe
6. Were-Buster
7. Great Axe
8. Gigas Axe
9. Doom Axe
When the girl joins the heroes quest, she is equipped with the gloves. The gloves are the ultimate close combat weapon. They can be used to throw enemies in combat as well.
1. Spike Knuckle
2. Power Glove
3. Moogle Claw
4. Chakra
5. Heavy Glove
6. Hyper-Fist
7. Griffin Claws
8. Dragon Claws
9. Aura Glove
The whip is given to the hero by Elieen (the witch) after the defeat of her pet, Spikey. The whip is long-ranged, and can be used to pull the characters across gorges and ravines by latching onto poles sticking out of the ground.
1. Whip
2. Black Whip
3. Backhand Whip
4. Chain Whip
5. Flail of Hope
6. Morning Star
7. Hammer Flail
8. Nimbus Chain
9. Gigas Flail
The Javelin is received from the water elemental Undine after defeating the biting lizards in her cave. The javelin is a thrown weapon with long range, and fills a similar role to the bow.
1. Pole Dart
2. Javelin
3. Light Trident
4. Lode Javelin
5. Fork of Hope
6. Imps Fork
7. Elf's Harpoon
8. Dragon Dart
9. Valkyrian
Secret of Mana has eleven items that can be used at almost any time. Some are unique items that are found or recieved and have unlimited uses. Others are consumable items that are store bought or found in treasure chests that are lost upon use. Secret of Mana differs from other RPGs in that only 4 of each consumable item can be carried at once, forcing players to be conservative and strategize with their use. Certain more expensive stores charge double for items.
This consumable item can be bought for 10G or found in treasure chests. Upon use, candy restores 100 hit points.
This consumable item can be bought for 30G or found in treasure chests. Upon use, chocolate restores 300 hit points.
Medical Herb
Medical Herb
This consumable item can be bought for 10G or found in treasure chests. Upon use, a medical herb cures any adverse status effects.
Cup of Wishes
Cup of Wishes
This consumable item can be bought for 150G or found in treasure chests. Upon use, a cup of wishes revives a fallen ally and restores some hit points.
Faerie Walnut
Faerie Walnut
This consumable item can be bought for 500G or found in treasure chests. Upon use, a faerie walnut restores 100 magic points.
Royal Jam
Royal Jam
This consumable item can be bought for 100G or found in treasure chests. Upon use, royal jam restores 999 hit points, making it the best healing item in the game.
This consumable item can be bought for 900G or found in treasure chests. Upon use, the player can hide in a barrel to avoid combat.
Flammie Drum
Flammie Drum
The Flammie Drum is given to the hero by King Truffle. The Flammie Drum has unlimited uses, and summons Flammie to pick you up.
Magic Rope
Magic Rope
The Magic Rope is found in a chest in Gaia's Navel. The Magic Rope has unlimted uses, and allows you to "escape" a dungeon, returning to it's first screen.
Midge Mallet
Midge Mallet
The Midge Mallet is given to the hero by the chief of the dwarf village. The Midge Mallet has unlimited uses, and inflicts or cures "shrunk" status on allies.
Moogle Belt
Moogle Belt
The Moogle Belt is received after the optional quest of restoring was to Kakkar village. The Moogle Belt has unlimited uses, and inflicts or cures "moogle" status on allies.
The Ring Menu
By pressing the menu button, the game will pause and a ring of icons will appear around the currently selected character. Pressing left and right on the d-pad will rotate the ring, while pressing up and down will switch between different menu rings, which cover the player's inventory, a character's spells, weapons, and game options. This unique radial menu system allows quick selection of items and a minimal interruption in the real time combat.
SNES Disc Drive
Until the project was canceled, Secret of Mana being developed to come out with the launch of the SNES CD add-on. When the add-on was canceled, the game lost approximately 40% of its original content and the graphics were reduced to accommodate a standard cartridge. Examples of unused game portions include staircases that lead to nowhere and doors that are unreachable. Additionally, some parts of the game can be buggy at times due to the alteration.
Full Channel Music
The SNES audio processor is only capable of producing eight sounds at once. Many songs in Secret of Mana using seven to eight channels. This highly unusual use of all audio channels allows the music to be richer, but requires the game to drop channels of music when producing sound effects. Depending on how the player perceives it, this could range from not noticeable to jarring and annoying.
English localization
The English translation for Secret of Mana was hampered for multiple reasons. First, in an effort not to miss the 1993 holiday season, the English translation was completed in only 30 days. This is compared to the many months usually afforded to English localization efforts.
Secondly, the English release of Secret of Mana uses a fixed-width font to display gameplay text. This choice of font greatly limits the available space to display text. Accoring to the translator of the game, Ted Woolsey, a large portion of the game's script was cut from the English release due to these space limitations and the lack of sequential text. Many conversations are cut down to their bare minimum.
A rom hack, FuSoYa's Niche's Secret of Mana Variable Width Font Edition, was released that brings variable width fonts to the game and uses the extra room to expand the dialogue. This expanded dialogue, however, is fan made, and does not come from the Japanese release, as sometimes is thought.
"Mode 7" graphics show the overworld of Secret of Mana
The graphics


text:
January 18, 1813
Joseph Farwell Glidden: The Father of Barbed Wire
Joseph Farwell Glidden was born on January 18, 1813, and became known as the "Father of Barbed Wire." In 1874, Glidden was issued patent #157,124 for the first wire technology that was capable of restraining cattle. While his barbed wire was neither the first nor the last, it was ruled the best after a three year legal battle.


text:
Purpose: An alarming number of brain and neck tumors have been reported for operators of interventional radiology. Studies have revealed that interventional radiologists who are occupied with surgical procedures often fail to minimize exposures to the intense invisible X-rays. To improve the occupational radiation safety awareness, more effective training tool is needed to provide interactive and visually stimulating learning environment. The goal of this study is to develop a virtual reality (VR) software training tool to help operators learn to avoid high radiation areas, through game-like interactive simulation and visualization of the spatial distribution of the X-ray field.
Methods: 3D Studio Max and unity3D are used to design and transform models. The radiation field and organ doses to three operator phantoms are simulated using Monte Carlo radiation transport code MCNP, and a positonand posture-specific organ dose database is generated. Microsoft HoloLens glasses are used to display three-dimensional objects in the IR suite including the operators, X-ray sources and protective equipment. The position and the FOV size of the X-ray source can be adjusted manually according to the actual situation.
Results: The radiation field in the IR suite has been calculated and imported into the virtual reality program. By wearing Microsoft HoloLens glasses, the X-ray flux distribution are shown in different colorsâ€"red represents high radiation area and blue represents low radiation area. Users can â€œseeâ€? the radiation intensity intuitively with different postures and positions.
Conclusion: A preliminary VR-based radiation safety training tool for operators in interventional radiology has been developed and tested using the MS HoloLens system and pre-calculated X-ray field in IR suite. This training tool can be used to assist operators to adjust their postures and positions to minimize exposure to high radiation situations.


text:
I have a table in Postgres with ~5million records. When I load the dataset using pandas to perform EDA, I run out of memory.
dataframe_chunk = pd.read_sql("SELECT * from table", con = credentials)
How do I load and store the table in a format such that I can run all pandas/numpy functions for data analysis? What is the general approach taken?


- 1
Votes
name
How would you divide a number by 3 without using *, /, +, -, %, operators?
The number may be signed or unsigned.
This is a simple function which performs the desired operation. But it requires the + operator, so all you have left to do is to add the values with bit-operators:
// replaces the + operator
int add(int x, int y)
{
 while (x) {
 int t = (x & y) << 1;
 y ^= x;
 x = t;
 }
 return y;
}
int divideby3(int num)
{
 int sum = 0;
 while (num > 3) {
 sum = add(num >> 2, sum);
 num = add(num >> 2, num & 3);
 }
 if (num == 3)
 sum = add(sum, 1);
 return sum;
}
As Jim commented this works, because:
 - n = 4 * a + b
 - n / 3 = a + (a + b) / 3
 - So sum += an = a + b, and iterate
 - When a == 0 (n < 4)sum += floor(n / 3); i.e. 1, if n == 3, else 0
 - 0
Reply Report


text:
December 13 2021
A larger Wyangala Dam cannot solve all problems and will create many new ones.
Inland Rivers Network continues to question the rationale behind spending up to $2 billion dollars of public money on raising the Wyangala Dam Wall when the purpose of the proposal is unclear.
With the current floods in the Lachlan Valley there are conflicting calls for this proposal to provide both increased water security and improved flood mitigation.
These competing roles require different dam management and water sharing arrangements. Increased water security requires a full dam while improved flood mitigation requires lower levels.
The recent high rainfall events in the upper Lachlan catchment from August to November have demonstrated that the proposed larger dam would not have prevented the floods at Forbes.
Analysis of inflows to Wyangala Dam since it first filled in August, based on real time inflow reporting on the WaterNSW website, shows that the proposed larger Wyangala Dam would have filled and spilled in early October.
Also, analysis of inflows to the Lachlan River from tributaries below the dam showed that Wyangala Dam releases from a larger dam would still have occurred at the same time the increased tributary inflows from the Belubula River, Boorowa River and other swollen water sources below the dam entered the Lachlan River upstream of Forbes.
The proposed increased capture of 650 billion litres of water would not have solved impacts of flooding at Forbes and downstream during these highly unpredictable large rainfall events.
Inland Rivers Network looks forward to the release of the next stage of the draft Lachlan Regional Water Strategy that will consider the impact of climate change on the region and prioritise a range of water security options.
The NSW Government has announced that alternative water security options will be considered in the final business case for a larger Wyangala Dam.
This is a welcome step in the assessment process for this very large and impactful proposal.
While the recent floods have been disruptive and damaging to settlements and crops on the floodplain, the rainfall has been recuperative for the natural environmental following the recent intensive drought conditions.
Depleted soil profiles and groundwater sources have been replenished.
Native fish have good breeding conditions and the best waterbird breeding since 2016 is occurring in the Lachlan wetlands.
The Listening to the Lachlan Conference in Forbes in February will discuss many of these issues.
Inland Rivers Network president Bev Smiles


text:
What is a Model in Science?
In this activity, you will be fitting different models to the
spectrum of a supernova remnant. But first you need to know what a
Scale model of the Sun and planets. In this model, the Sun is
10-inch diameter playground ball.
Models can take many different forms depending on what you want to
use the model for. For example, let's say you wanted to model the
relative sizes of the planets. The largest ball you have is a pilates
ball, which is about 65 cm in diameter. Using the pilates ball as a
model for the Sun, then you could pick up a pea to represent Mars, a
pinhead to represent Mercury, and a golfball to represent Saturn. These
would all comprise a model of the relative sizes of the planets.
However, the model doesn't encompass everything about the planets
for example, it doesn't represent their relative densities or distances.
In this activity, you will be using a different sort of model. The
above example is a physical model one that you can touch with
your hands. To model a supernova remnant spectrum, you will be using a
mathematical model. A mathematical model is an equation or set
of equations that simulate a physical process. You are probably
familiar with the equation for the force of gravity:
Fg = G m1
That equation represents a mathematical model of the force of
How to build a simple mathematical model
Imagine that you notice that students that study more in your physics
class appear to get higher grades. Can you quantify this? Can you
determine how many hours you need to study to get a certain grade? For
example, does studying twice as much double your grade on an exam? Or
is the relationship between study time and grades more complex?
If you come up with a relationship that's close to reality, you might
be able to predict how many hours you need to study to get an A for the
To build a model, you need to start with some data. Let's say you
find out the following:
- Student 1: studied 1.5 hours, got 44% on exam
- Student 2: studied 3.5 hours, got 81% on exam
- Student 3: studied 5 hours, got 96% on exam
A plot of hours studied versus test score is shown below. As a first
guess, you might draw a line through the data, as illustrated below.
Graph of data set for test scores versus time studied. The line is an
initial guess at a model to fit the data.
The equation of the line drawn through the data can be found with
basic graphing techniques and can be written as:
y = (18.3) x + 12.5
where, y is the score (in percentage points) and x is the time spent
studying (in hours). This equation is your initial model
for the data.
With this initial model, we have assumed values for your two free
parameters: slope of the line and the y-intercept. The free
parameters tell your model how it can "wiggle" as you tweak the
model to fit your data. The best-fit values of those free parameters
help you interpret your data. In this case the free parameters are:
- The y-intercept, which tells you the grade you might expect to get
by not studying at all.
- The slope of the line, which tells you how many percentage points
you gain for each hour of studying. A shallow slope means that you have
to study many hours to gain just a few percentage points, while a steep
slope would mean that just a little study time will increase your test
score by a significant amount.
However, this model represents only your first guess at an equation
to fit the data. The next logical questions to ask are: "How good is
this model?" and "Can I make this model better?" Continue to the next
section, titled "How Good is the
Model?" to find out how to answer these questions.


Lora Savenko
An affiliate manager with a passion to write about Mac applications
October 19, 2021
8 minutes to read
Whether you want to stop toggling apps on your notebook or just want to edit your photos on a bigger display, duplicating your screen may be the solution. You can extend your Mac's screen to an external monitor, making it possible to multitask more easily and have room to fully display images and documents. Today we will explain how to duplicate the screen on a Mac and use it in several ways.
Contents:
1. How to extend the display on a Mac
2. How to setup dual monitors on a Mac
3. How to set up a second monitor on a Mac for mirroring
4. How to use your Mac with extended display only
1. Duplicate screen on a Mac
It is possible to extend the screen on a Mac by hooking up a second or a third monitor to your Apple computer. Then, depending on your needs, you can operate several Mac screens in different ways:
 - The dual display Mac will show you separate content;
 - The extended desktop Mac will show you the same content;
 - The second display Mac will become the one and only primary display.
 - Monitors of different sizes
2. Dual monitor setup on a Mac
The first thing we want to tell you is that it is possible to extend your monitor, even if you are not a tech-savvy user. All you need to do before setting up a second monitor is:
 - Check your Apple computer's display specifications. For this, click on the Apple logo in the menu bar → About This MacSupport → in the Mac Resources section, select Specifications. In the next moment, the Apple Specifications page appears in your browser. On this page, under the Graphics and Video section you can find the display capabilities, including the number of external monitors supported and adapters needed.
About this Mac window - Support tab
The next step is to gather your hardware, including the monitor, adapters, and any connecting devices.
 1. Use a serviceable external monitor. You can choose any monitor you'd like, as long as the monitor specs and connector type fit with your display Specifications.
 2. Use a suitable adapter. It is better to use an Apple adapter, as it ensures a stable and correct connection. You can find more about adapters and monitor connectors here.
 3. Take an external keyboard and mouse if you intend to use an external monitor as the main display, while your Mac notebook is in closed-display mode.
As soon as you have everything you need, you can set up and use a dual screen on your Mac. To use a second monitor to extend your Mac's screen and operate two displays with different content, follow the next steps:
 1. Power on your external monitor and hook it up to your Mac.
 2. On your Mac, click on the Apple logo in the menu bar → System PreferencesDisplays. Do not tick the box Mirror Displays unless you want the Mac's second monitor to duplicate the desktop monitor.
 3. System Preferences window - Arrangement tab
 4. Select the Arrangement tab. You will see two displays, which you can move within this tab to arrange their position. Depending on the physical location of your external monitor, you can drag its image from the top, bottom, right, or left within the Arrangement tab. The white bar on one of the displays means that it is your primary display. In this way, the apps appear on the primary display first. You can change the primary display by dragging the white bar to another display within the Arrangement tab.
All these changes take time. Also, be aware that for a few seconds, both displays go black to accept the new settings.
3. Mirror display setup on a Mac
If you want to see on your external monitor the same content as on your Mac, you need to enable Mirror Displays. For this, go to System Preferences → Displays → Arrangement → select Mirror Displays. You can also use a keyboard shortcut Command+Fn+1 to toggle display mirroring on and off.
System Preferences window - Arrangement tab - mirror displays
4. Use the second monitor only on a Mac
If you want to operate your Mac notebook while using an external monitor instead of the built-in display, you can use the closed-display mode. This mode allows you to use the Mac notebook with its lid closed. Even while it appears to be in sleep mode, it isn't.
In addition to the previously-mentioned steps, you will need to connect an external keyboard and mouse, either USB or wireless. To use your Mac notebook with an external monitor as the primary and only display, take the following steps:
 1. Plug in your Mac notebook using the AC power adapter and turn it on.
 2. Hook up a USB keyboard and mouse. If you prefer to use a wireless keyboard and mouse, you should make some changes to the preferences. Go to System PreferencesBluetooth → click on the Turn Bluetooth On button. Connect the wireless keyboard and mouse to your Mac notebook. Then, within the Bluetooth pane, click on the Advanced button → select Allow Bluetooth devices to wake this computer and click OK.
 3. Bluetooth preferences window - Allow Bluetooth devices to wake computer
 4. Power your external monitor.
 5. Connect your Mac to the external monitor.
 6. Check to see if the mirroring option is enabled in the Arrangement tab of the Displays pane. If so, in a brief moment you will see that the external monitor duplicates your Mac notebook's desktop.
 7. Then you can close the notebook lid. If you are using OS X 10.7 and later, the external monitor first becomes blue, then shows you the notebook's display. If you are using OS X 10.6.8 and earlier, click the mouse button or hit any key on the keyboard to wake your Mac notebook and use an external monitor.
 8. Operate your Mac notebook as usual by using the external monitor, keyboard, and mouse.
Depending on the macOS, you can resume operating your Mac notebook using its built-in display:
 1. In OS X 10.7 and later, open the Mac notebook lid. For a few seconds, it flickers to a blue screen but then both displays show the same content.
 2. In OS X 10.6.8 and earlier, click on the Apple logo in the menu bar → select Sleep → then, wake your notebook by opening the lid.
Conclusion
Now you know how to add a second monitor to a Mac and several ways to operate two screens on a Mac. If you have any questions or wish to share your experience with using an external monitor, you are welcome to comment under this post. You can also find useful articles about macOS at our blog.
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text:
Physical crimes informed by publicly available identity information : underreported risk or overhyped myth?
MetadataShow full item record
Vulnerabilities associated with the wide dissemination of personally identifiable information (PII) are well documented from an identity theft perspective, but reporting of identity-related crimes that result in assaults, robberies, and other physical losses has been inconsistent. This paper aims to identify gaps in existing research regarding physical crimes informed by the public availability of PII, with an emphasis on vulnerabilities created by victim self-publication of identity information through social media. A survey of media reporting regarding 111 recent incidents, or strings of connected incidents, has facilitated the establishment of rudimentary patterns in these crimes, as well as trends in reporting, both within the US and abroad. A review of pop culture commentary on the current risk environment offers insights into public perceptions of risk, and how these perceptions may be impacted by the media and entertainment industries.


text:
This is a 1930 Penny that you would be proud to show your family and friends and is a truly attractive example of Australia's most famous copper rarity.
Presented in a handsome black presentation case.
Melbourne Mint records reveal that the 1930 Penny was never struck.
And while many theories have been put forward as to how it was inadvertently minted and released into circulation, no one really knows how and why. What is known is that its striking was an accident that was discovered by collectors in the 1940s.
That the 1930 Penny underwent at least ten years of circulation before it was discovered means that surviving examples show wear. The coins were used. With the majority, very well used.
How soon into its life the 1930 Penny became a collectable, and was taken out of circulation, determines its price.


text:
Advanced Revenue Cycle Analytics: An Overview
In a post Meaningful Use era, many people are surprised to learn that they are not alone that their practice continues to use paper superbills. While all certified EHRs are capable of capturing charge data through point and click templates, many practices continue to use paper superbills due to concerns about physician productivity.
#1 – Manual Charge Entry is Expensive and Error Prone
The most obvious revenue cycle problem caused by paper superbills is manual charge entry into the billing or practice management system. Manual data entry typically takes between 2-3 minutes per encounter, which for a large high volume practice can mean several FTEs dedicated only to charge entry. Furthermore, many practices combine the coding and data entry function. This means that revenue cycle staff is splitting their time between data entry work and true coding work which usually leads to less accurate coding and more mistakes.
#2 – Lack of Physician Specific Customization
Another revenue cycle problem caused by the paper superbill is the lack of physician specific customization. The paper superbill is limited by the physician dimensions of an 8.5 x 11 inch piece of paper. Due to the costs of creating and maintaining different versions of the paper superbill, many practices will only have a few different versions of superbill that are designed to accommodate the average physician and the average patient. This means physicians are often writing in descriptions or codes, which slows down both the physician and revenue cycle.
#3 – Low Visibility to Coding Changes and Coder Productivity
The third revenue cycle problem caused by the paper superbill is the lack of transparency into the revenue cycle and coding process. Management does not have visibility into the changes that revenue cycle staff make during charge entry. It is also very difficult to reliably measure and compare revenue cycle staff productivity. Without performance metrics and analytics, it is very difficult for revenue cycle leaders to identify problems and solutions within the revenue cycle process.


Puneet Varma (Editor)
String trio
Updated on
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String trio Fine playing of Lennox Berkeley by Dresden Trio Seen and Heard
Beethoven string trio no 1 in e flat major op 3
A string trio is a group of three string instruments or a piece written for such a group. The term is generally used with reference to works of chamber music from the Classical period to the present. From at least the 19th century on, the term "string trio" with otherwise unspecified instrumentation normally refers to the combination violin, viola and cello (cf "string quartet", "piano trio" etc.). This is how the term is used by major catalogs, including IMSLP.
String trio The Giardino String Quartet Fantasia Music
Serafino string trio jean sibelius string trio in g minor
String trio httpsuploadwikimediaorgwikipediacommonsthu
String trio String Trio No 1 in D Major YouTube
Beginning in the second half of the 18th century, although the trio configuration for two violins and cello was not wholly abandoned in classical chamber music (even during the 19th century), the scoring for violin, viola, and cello began to take precedence. Joseph Haydn appears to have been the first composer to use this combination (Tilmouth and Smallman 2001), though he was soon emulated by Luigi Boccherini (Kennedy 1994).
String trio SIMPLY STRINGS Yorkshire39s favourite string trio
String trio Schoenberg String Trio by Trio Battuto YouTube
String trio Bellini Trio Bellini Strings Bellini String Quartet amp Trio
String trio Wikipedia
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zaterdag 9 februari 2019
In the style of Burton Morris
You need:
 1. several colours construction paper
 2. black cardboard 20 by 20 cm
 3. coloured cardboard 20 by 20 cm
 4. scissors
 5. glue
 6. black thick marker
During our USA trip in the summer of 2009, I visited in the Coca-Cola Company in Atlanta, There I saw the artwork of Burton Morris for the first time: five paintings of cola bottles in pop-art style surrounded by light blue bubbles. So beautiful! Now I found a way to do this in school. And I think I'm the first blogger with a Morris lesson!
Burton Morris (Pittsburgh, 1964) is an American pop-art artist. He is influenced by pop-art artists from the 60's and 70's, like Warhol, Lichtenstein and Haring. Now he is one of the most famous modern post pop-art artist. Morris's work shows a contemporary twist to traditional pop-art. His work is cheerful, energetic and colourful. His characteristic lines with the bright colours give his work a fantastic energy. Morris's work is known of tv-series like Friends and also appears in major advertising campaigns by U.S. companies like AT & T, Pepsi and Heinz.
Show artwork of Morris on the digital board. Discuss the features: bright colours, black outlines, little detail, movement by little lines, white lines that suggest light and the distinctive black star shape around or in much of his work. Students are going to make an artwork in the style of Burton Morris with the subject: Valentine's Day.
Step 1. Take two colours cardboard: black for the edge and one colour for the background. take a construction paper for the big heart.
Step 2. Cut the edges of the background cardboard sloping away, to make a sort of rug. You have to cut at least 1 cm around.
Step 3. Cut a large heart from the second coloured cardboard. Cut white 'light lines' from a white sheet for on and around the big heart.
Step 4. Cut some smaller hearts from several colours of construction paper. Cut white 'light lines' and paste them on the little hearts; all on the same side.
Step 5. Paste the big heart on the coloured cardboard. Paste the light lines on the heart and around it.
Step 6. Cut long triangles from the sides of the rug, the 'flashy stripes'. Paste the rug on the black cardboard.
Step 7. Paste the small hearts around the big heart; you may k de kleine hartjes rondom het grote hart, where you can go over the triangles. Outline the small hearts with a black marker.
Step 8. Cut the black background away, leaving about 2 mm on the edges.
Step 9. Paste the work on a coloured sheet (A4 size) and cut it into a square.
Made by students of grade 4 and 5
11 opmerkingen:
 1. Just a quick note to let you know that a link to this post will be placed on CraftCrave today [03 Feb 12:00am GMT]. Thanks, Maria
 2. Thanks for introducing a new artist to my repertoire - great ideas!
 3. What a wonderful idea--I love it!! Thank you for sharing.
 4. Zo leuk! Ook een interessante artiest! Ik probeer dit vandaag uit :-)
 5. Thank you for this great project. I will be doing this with my older group tomorrow
 6. A lovely project which my class thoroughly enjoyed - we credited you!
 7. Thank you for the great lesson. I did it in 5th grade today and it was a huge hit!
 8. Thank you! My students loved this and we are the talk of the school!


text:
In April 2020, as children in China started returning to school after COVID-19 closures, an ancient hat from the Song Dynasty came back into fashion. At a primary school in Hangzhou, pupils donned handmade headgear that they fashioned out of paper, balloons, and other crafts, with protruding arms that spanned one meter. These eccentric hats were intended to help them adjust to social distancing measures, the South China Morning Post reported, and they were modeled after hats once worn by Chinese officials. Photographs of the students have been circulating on the internet, and so has a popular legend: that the hats were designed to keep officials away from each other, so that they couldn't whisper and scheme with one another.
According to a scholar of art history and Asian studies, however, the "social distancing" function of the Chinese hats is rooted in "an unfounded speculation." Jin Xu, an assistant professor at Vassar College, writes in an email, "Modern scholars trace the origin of the rumor to a 13th-century Chinese scholar who's known for his shoddy scholarship."
The original headwear was made of somber black cloth and was called futou, or more specifically zhanjiao futou—zhanjiao meaning "spreading feet or wings." Early futou were simple cloths wrapped around the head, and wearers eventually padded them with wood, silk, grass, or leather, writes the scholar Mei Hua in Chinese Clothing. In the Tang Dynasty (618-907), as futou gradually took on the appearance of a more fitted, structured cap, officials began adopting them, adding two long wings made of stiffened ribbons.
Futou became a common accessory during the Song Dynasty (_PHONE_), although most of them had less cumbersome extensions—more feet than wings. People of all classes wore these hats, and there were five styles that individuals donned, according to their status or for various occasions, notes Liu Fusheng in A Social History of Medieval China.
"Some warriors wore the 'curved-feet futou' or 'flower-like futou with feet curved backward,' or the 'cross-feet futou,' and musical instruments players in the imperial music office liked to wear the 'long-feet futou,'" Liu writes. "On some special occasions, such as longevity ceremonies held for the royal family or imperial court banquets, officials would pin flowers on futou … And there were lustreless futou and white crêpe futou worn at funerals."
The shape of the wings indicated the wearer's rank, and the longest were reserved for the emperor and other high-ranking officials. Yu Yan—the hapless scholar who first speculated about the "social distancing" function of these hats—made his dubious claim in his four-volume text, The Pedantic Remarks of the Confucians. The purpose of futou, he scribbled, was "perhaps to avoid [the officials] whispering to each other when having an audience with the Emperor," Liu writes.
The futou that Yu Yan described were likely made of plain or lacquered muslin, with extended ribbons that were reinforced with iron wires or bamboo strips. One style of wings was particularly narrow and long, "projecting as much as two feet from either side of the wearer's head," Alexandra B. Bonds, a professor of costume design at the University of Oregon, writes in Beijing Opera Costumes: The Visual Communication of Character and Culture.
Variations on futou cropped up during the Ming Dynasty (_PHONE_), but new headwear entered the court after the Manchus took power and established the Qing Dynasty (_PHONE_). Since that time, the hat has resurfaced in paintings and theatrical costumes, and different versions of it can still be spotted on stage during Beijing Opera performances. "The wings are mounted on springs, and the actor can make them quiver to expand their expression," Bonds writes in an email. "Each style represents rank or sometimes personal characteristics."
Individually crafted and embellished, the hats of students in Hangzhou are similar expressions of personality and style. Bonds adds that she's delighted by how the pupils have repurposed this object from their cultural heritage. "Whether the headdress was originally intended to prevent courtiers from plotting sedition or not, the wings certainly would have precluded private conversation," she says. "They can serve the same purpose today by reminding the students of the space required for social distancing, while also teaching them about their history, and giving them an art project. What more could a teacher want from an assignment?"


text:
The Doctoral Course in "Cultura, Educazione, Comunicazione" is part of the École Doctorale Internationale "Culture, éducation, communication". The international perspective of the school allows to define curricula more responsive to the needs of research projects characterized by interdisciplinarity and by an international perspective. Main aims of the Course: – to ensure high quality education and training for research in the field of education; – to develop competences and skills needed for educational research at an international level; – to develop the knowledge of different EU languages and cultures, through the participation in the activities of the international school. The course is organized in two different curricula: a. Comunicazione educativa (educational communication); b. Apprendimento permanente (Lifelong Learning).
The candidates are requested to present a proposal for a research project to be developped during the PhD course.
If requested by the candidates, the oral examination can be organised via Skype.


can have a same projective closure. For example, look at $P^1(C)$, then $C$ is an affine open subset, and $C-{0}$ is also an affine open subset. But in any case, if two affine varieties have a same projective closure, they are birational.
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text:
Connectors for electronic equipment – Tests and measurements – Part 9-2: Endurance tests – Test 9b: Electrical load and temperature
|Publication Date:||1 November 2011|
|ICS Code (Electromechanical components in general):||31.220.01|
Scope and object
This part of IEC 60512, when required by the detail specification, is used for testing connectors within the scope of technical committee 48. It may also be used for similar devices when specified in a detail specification.
The object of this standard is to detail a standard test method to assess the ability of a connector to withstand elevated temperatures with electrical loading.


Home > Technology > Content
About Differential Scanning Calorimeter（DSC) measuring oxidation induction time(part 2）
Nov 23, 2018
OIT（oxidation induction time） application:
Although the oxidation induction period is a test method for the plastics industry, it can be used in the CCL industry for rapid testing of the heat-resistant oxygen aging properties of CCL, providing a strong basis for formula screening and guiding research and development.
2 Polyolefin materials are commonly used for the protection and insulation of optical cables and cables, and the thermal oxidative stability of polyolefins used on optical cables and cables can be used to judge their lifetime, and the level of material stabilization can be evaluated by the oxidation induction period.
The test is described in the following aspects:
1 test instrument:
DSC-500 Differential Scanning Calorimeter
2 According to the standard:
ISO 11357-6:2008
Plastics -- Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) -- Part 6: Determination of oxidation induction time (isothermal OIT) and oxidation induction temperature (dynamic OIT)
3 principle overview:
Oxidation induction time (isothermal OIT):
The sample and reference were warmed at a constant rate in an inert atmosphere. When the specified temperature is reached, switch to the same flow rate of oxygen or air. The sample was then held at this constant temperature until an oxidation reaction was shown on the thermal analysis curve. Isothermal OIT is the time interval between the start of oxygen or air to oxidation. The starting point of oxidation is indicated by the sudden exotherm of the sample. It is embodied in the DSC curve.
Oxidation induced temperature (dynamic OIT):
The sample and reference were warmed at a constant rate in an oxygen or air atmosphere until an oxidation reaction was shown on the thermal analysis curve. Dynamic OIT is the temperature at which the oxidation reaction begins. The starting point of oxidation is indicated by the sudden increase in exotherm of the sample, which can be observed by the DSC curve.
4 crucibles:
Place the sample in the opening or in a sealed, but ventilated bowl. It is best to use aluminum crucibles.
5 gas flow rate:
The gas flow rate is usually 50 ± 5 ml / min. The following is an example of isothermal OIT:
6 Take the isothermal OIT as an example to measure the main steps:
1.Nitrogen gas for 5 minutes before starting to heat up
2.20 ° C / min heating rate, the temperature is selected as much as 10 times the integral temperature
3.When the OIT is less than 10min and greater than 60min, it should be retested at lower and higher temperatures respectively.
4.Constant temperature 3min when the set temperature is reached
5.After the end of the constant temperature, switch the oxygen at the same flow rate, and continue to constant temperature until at least 2 minutes after the significant change point of the exotherm occurs.
6.test completed
7. Example curve:
Note: 1 The calibration of the isothermal OIT point is the intersection of a smooth curve before oxygenation and a smooth curve after oxidation of the sample (tangential analysis)
2 The higher the temperature of the sample, the shorter the oxidation induction time; the faster the heating rate, the higher the temperature during the oxidation induction period. The oxidation induction time and the oxidation induction temperature are also related to the surface area of the sample subjected to oxidation.
It is known from the above curve that the DSC curve extends downward at 11.6 min after oxygenation, which is an exothermic phenomenon, that is, the oxidation reaction of the sample occurs, that is, the oxidation induction period of the sample is 11.6 min.
Welcome to choose our Differential Scanning Calorimeter:


text: The Dunsink Observatory is an astronomical observatory established in 1785 in what was then outside of Dublin by Trinity College Dublin. The site was selected for its elevated position and views over the surrounding landscape. At the time, Dublin was four miles away and Finglas was a small village, a perfectly dark location, far from the city lights, for star-watching. The design of Dunsink incorporated a number of novel ideas. The main telescope was mounted on a granite pier which is independent of the building that surrounds it. Circulation of air within the dome was intended to give sharper images of the stars. The observatory was restored in recent years. The telescope, then no longer state of the art, was used mainly for public 'open nights'.


Fragility Index Calculator
Calculates the number of patients required to lose statistical significance
Study Data
Control Group Question
Number WITH primary endpoint Question
Number WITHOUT primary endpoint --
Total number of control patients
Experimental Group
Number WITH primary endpoint Question
Number WITHOUT primary endpoint --
Total number of experimental patients
Enter number of patients without primary endpoint instead
RESULTS
Fragility Index
8
A fragility index of 8 indicates that if 8 patients in the experimental group were "converted" from NOT having the primary endpoint to HAVING the primary endpoint, the study would lose statistical significance (p > 0.05). The higher the fragility index, the more robust the results of a study are. Learn more about an "acceptable" fragility index.
 Original Study Fragility Index "Fragile" Study
Control group with outcome (N) 50 50
Control group without outcome (N) 450 450
Experimental group with outcome (N) 25 + 8 33
Experimental group without outcome (N) 475 - 8 467
P value 0.004 0.066
About This Calculator
The fragility index is a measure of the robustness (or fragility) of the results of a clinical trial. The fragility index is a number indicating how many patients would be required to convert a trial from being statistically significant to not significant (p ≥ 0.05). The larger the fragility index the better (more robust) a trial's data are. The intent of the fragility index is to be used in conjunction with the P value, 95% confidence interval, and various measures describing benefit or risk (relative risk reduction, absolute risk reduction, etc).
How Is the Fragility Index Calculated?
The fragility index is calculated by converting one patient in the group (control or experimental group) from a "non-event" to an "event" outcome and recalculating a two-sided Fisher's exact test until the P value meets or exceeds 0.05. In essence, the calculation describes how many patients would have had to have a different outcome (within the group with the fewest number of events) to make a study's results not statistically significant.
What Is an "Acceptable" Fragility Index?
There is no specific fragility index that is accepted as being a "good" (robust) or "bad" (fragile) value. In the manuscript introducing the concept, a convenience sample of 399 randomized controlled trials with statistically significant results were analyzed from five high-impact journals.1 This study found the following results, which serves to describe the landscape of fragility index among clinical trials that in general are considered high-quality or "robust" studies:
 - The median fragility index was 8 (IQR 3 to 18)
 - 25% of trials had a fragility index ≤ 3
 - 10% of trials had a fragility index of zero (see Fragility Index of Zero for an explanation)
 - When loss to follow-up was reported, 52.9% of trials had a larger fragility index compared to the number of patients lost to follow-up
At least two other publications have summarized the fragility index within other areas of medicine:
Median Fragility Index in RCTs
Error bars in the graph above indicate the interquartile range (IQR) of each publication
 - Walsch 20141: Included 399 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from five high-impact journals
 - Evaniew 20152: Included 40 orthopedic spine surgery RCTs with a variety of different endpoints
 - Ridgeon 20163: Included 56 critical care RCTs with an endpoint of mortality
Aside from comparing a study's fragility index to the fragility index of other trials, another method of interpreting a fragility index is to compare the value against the number of patients lost to follow-up. As a general rule of thumb, if the number of patients lost to follow-up is greater than the fragility index, the study should be considered less robust. The three previously mentioned publications also reported the percent of trials in which the number lost to follow-up exceeded the fragility index:
Trials with Higher Fragility Index than Number Lost to Follow-Up
 - Walsch 20141: Included 399 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from five high-impact journals
 - Evaniew 20152: Included 40 orthopedic spine surgery RCTs with a variety of different endpoints
 - Ridgeon 20163: Included 56 critical care RCTs with an endpoint of mortality
Fragility Index of Zero
By definition, the fragility index is calculated using a Fisher's exact test.1 Other methods, such as a Chi squared test, are commonly used to compare a dichotomous (binary) outcome in clinical trials. Particularly for small trials, the P value from a Fisher's exact test can be discrepant from a Chi squared test. In the cases where a Fisher's exact test produces a non-significant P value (without "converting" a patient from a non-event to an event), the fragility index is reported as '0' and clearly emphasizes the lack of robustness of the trial data.
Limitations of the Fragility Index
Because of how a fragility index is calculated, there are several inherent limitations to its use:
 1. Use of Fisher's exact test for statistical significance - In the manuscript describing the fragility index,1 the authors decided to use a Fisher's exact test for the calculation procedure. In general, this tends to be more conservative (more prone to a type II error) than other methods, such as a Chi squared test. This difference in statistical test can lead to a fragility index of zero even though the original study showed statistically significant results.
 2. Only appropriate for dichotomous (binary) outcomes - The fragility index cannot be applied to an outcome that is a continuous variable. For example, a primary endpoint using a modified Rankin scale (a scale measuring death or disability between 0 and 6) is not appropriate for a Fisher's exact test (and thus not appropriate for a fragility index calculation). With that said, however, some studies do dichotomize a continuous endpoint. For example, an endpoint of "good outcome" (modified Rankin scale of 0 to 3) versus a "bad outcome" (modified Rankin 4 to 6) converts a continuous variable to a binary variable, in which case a fragility index can be calculated.
 3. Possibly not appropriate for time-to-event outcomes - Although many time-to-event outcomes are usually dichotomous (eg, mortality), the fragility index does not account for the difference in outcome over time. Particularly in longer studies with variable follow-up time periods and treatment durations, an analysis accounting for time (such as a Kaplan-Meier curve or Cox proportional hazards model) are more appropriate than a simple binary outcome analysis without accounting for time.
 4. No standard fragility index "cut-off"As discussed above (What Is an "Acceptable" Fragility Index?), there is no specific cut-off or lower limit of the fragility index to classify a study as "fragile" or "robust". To a large extent, the interpretation of the fragility index and the interpretation of the index in conjunction with the trial's results are inherently subjective.
References and Additional Reading
 1. Walsh M, Srinathan SK, McAuley DF, et al. The statistical significance of randomized controlled trial results is frequently fragile: a case for a Fragility Index. J Clin Epidemiol. 2014 Jun;67(6):622-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.10.019. PMID 24508144
 2. Evaniew N, Files C, Smith C, et al. The fragility of statistically significant findings from randomized trials in spine surgery: a systematic survey. Spine J. 2015 Oct 1;15(10):2188-97. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2015.06.004. PMID 26072464
 3. Ridgeon EE, Young PJ, Bellomo R, et al. The Fragility Index in Multicenter Randomized Controlled Critical Care Trials. Crit Care Med. 2016 Jul;44(7):1278-84. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000001670. PMID 26963326
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This 3-step Quick Start series will help you get started with metrics using Elastic Cloud Service. You will learn how to stream, visualize, and analyze metrics. Paired with logs and APM traces, infrastructure metrics are a critical piece in creating unified observability of your ecosystem. Topics include what are metrics, streaming metrics to Elastic, and exploring metric data using Kibana.
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text:
I want to read about human body described in hindu scriptures. If there is any please provide links or references or books?
From an Ayurvedic perspective, there is the the Sharirasthana of the Sushruta-samhita which deals with anatomy and the human body (sharira), and various other subjects:
A small chapter from the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad also deals with the Sharira (body):
And from the advaita-vedanta perspective, we have the Taittiriya Upanishad where five chapters are dedicated to the five layers (kośa, 'sheats') of a human being:
And finally, the 'Vedic index of names and subjects' also has a detailed definition on the human body (sharira) including many references to Vedic literature:


text:
| < September >
|Normal Max/ High Temperature
|Min/ Low Temperature
|Average Daylight per day
|Sun altitude at solar noon on the 21st day.
- The average temperature in Erzurum in September is mild at 14.8 °C (58.64 °F).
- Afternoons can be really warm with average high temperatures reaching 22.3 °C (72.1 °F).
- Overnight temperatures are generally a little cool with an average low of 7.1 °C (44.8 °F).
- The mean diurnal temperature range/ variation in September is 15.2 °C (27.4 °F).
- The weather in September is somewhat parched. A paltry 21mm (0.8in) of water is laid down.
- The shortest day is 11:45 long and the longest day is 13:02 long with an average length of 12:24.
Check the distance to and compare the Erzurum September averages with somewhere beginning with:
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | All
Weather Trend Graph for September in Erzurum, Turkey
Navigate to September Weather in Locations Surrounding Erzurum:
- Soci, Russia - 420.3 kms (261.2 miles) NNW
- Sukhumi, Georgia - 357.7 kms (222.3 miles) N
- Rize, Turkey - 132.4 kms (82.3 miles) NNW
- Giresun, Turkey - 258.9 kms (160.9 miles) WNW
- Sivas, Turkey - 354.9 kms (220.6 miles) W
- Erzincan, Turkey - 143.6 kms (89.2 miles) W
- Malatya, Turkey - 314.7 kms (195.6 miles) WSW
- Diyarbakir, Turkey - 244.5 kms (152 miles) SSW
- Urfa, Turkey - 376.3 kms (233.9 miles) SW
- Hassakah, Syrian Arab Republic - 385.3 kms (239.5 miles) S


text:
This page is primarily intended for Mercurial's developers.
How locking works in Mercurial.
There are two locks in Mercurial, known as "lock" (for repository data) and "wlock" (for working directory data). Generally speaking, locks are only taken by writers and there is no limit on the number of simultaneous readers. Consistency for readers is managed using atomic operations (like rename) and careful ordering of data visibility.
2. Lock files
Lock files are implemented as symlinks where possible. This allows locks to be created and information about their owner stored in a single operation.
3. The repository lock
The repository lock lives _URL_ and covers all data in store/. Writes to the repository are ordered as follows:
- write to file revlogs (data, then index)
- write to manifest revlogs (data, then index)
- write to changelog data
- write to temporary changelog index
- atomic rename of changelog index
Thus, if a reader starts at the changelog index and works down the tree in the opposite order, it will always see complete changesets without requiring a lock.
Possible problems can occur if a reader reads files out of order. For instance, copying a repository with other tools (rsync, for instance) during a pull or commit may result in copying a changelog refers to a manifest entry that isn't in the copy.
Note that the repository lock is also taken during a local hardlink clone for similar reasons, even though this is technically a read-only operation.
3.1. Interactions with non-append-only operations
Mercurial's locking is designed with the assumption that all operations are append-only. If data in the repository disappears in the middle of a read operation, problems may occur.
Thus, if Alice does a pull from Bob and Bob does a strip or rollback in the middle, Alice may get a damaged pull. To avoid this, Bob should take his repository offline when running a destructive operation.
4. The working directory lock
The working directory lock (.hg/wlock) protects some of the files in.hg/ including:
Note that it does not protect the contents of the working directory itself, as it's impractical to try to stop the user from clobbering their own data.
Again, consistent view of these files is managed with atomic rename operations and readers do not need to acquire a lock. Readers that intend to subsequently write should probably acquire this lock before beginning so that they avoid races with other writers.
This lock should be acquired BEFORE the repository lock to avoid AB-BA deadlocks.
Locks are acquired with the two methods on the localrepository class:
The usual pattern for acquiring both locks is:
from lock import release wlock = lock = None try: wlock = repo.wlock() # must come first lock = repo.lock() tr = repo.transaction("foo") # perform write operation finally: release(tr, lock, wlock) # reverse order
Locks can be taken recursively.
Atomic files are managed with the atomictemp flag to an opener:
f = repo.opener("somefile", "w", atomictemp=True) # write to f f.rename() # finalize the operation


text: This model demonstrates two different types of stream diversions. The diversion on stream 1 is on a weekly schedule, to open for only 24 hours at a time. The diversion on stream 2 runs continuously. Each diversion is simulated using allocation of the amount available in the stream, which is delivered to meet a defined water demand. Flow rate downstream of the two diversions is calculated and defined as the outflow from the system.


text:
Shimadzu's New Fraction Collector FRC-40 for HPLC Sets New Benchmarks in Preparative Scale Fractionation
Shimadzu Scientific Instruments (SSI) announces the release of the new Fraction Collector FRC-40 for high-performance liquid chromatography, which significantly advances preparative scale fractionation. The FRC-40 sets new benchmarks in purification workflow, providing simplified purification procedures and efficient use of bench space.
The FRC-40 incorporates improved fraction simulation to ensure pure fractions. Operators simply select the peaks of interest, and the software dynamically configures parameters that will collect them. Users can easily change system parameters, such as the pump flow rate and detector settings, during analysis to maximize efficiency. This feature allows the analyst to make decisions in real time based on the chromatography and reduces the potential of wasting valuable sample. Up to four-channel acquisition ensures that operators can use multiple detectors simultaneously.
The versatile FRC-40 is compatible with a variety of MTPs, vials, test tubes and bottles. Users can select the fraction size that best fits their analysis, maximizing the number of fractions they can collect. Racks are specified through the software, allowing multiple users to collect fractions without the risk of cross-contamination or mix-up. The open access design of the FRC-40 allows racks to be removed and replaced during analysis, enabling multiple purifications to take place using a single HPLC system. In addition, an innovative sample rescue function minimizes sample loss when errors occur.
The instrument's footprint accommodates the maximum number of fractions in the minimum amount of space—up to 3,240 fractions when using six FRC-40s with 10 mm tubes. Operators can achieve space savings of up to 50% compared to competing products. Users can customize collection capacity to their needs because they can multiplex up to six FRC-40 units on a single HPLC system.