text:
Creating a Distributed Wireless Monitoring System for Aircraft Noise
"During the hardware evaluation process, we decided to use NI products because of their high measurement quality, ruggedness, and reliability compared to lower cost sound-level meters."
- Luis Fernández,
National Polytechnic Institute
Developing an autonomous, distributed wireless monitoring system to measure aircraft noise levels and stream the data back for analysis at a control center.
Using NI LabVIEW software, the NI Sound and Vibration Toolkit, and an NI USB-9234 dynamic signal acquisition module (DSA) to acquire and analyze reliable, high-quality data from various aircraft.
Noise levels from heavy automobile and aircraft traffic during morning and evening rush hours in Mexico City could potentially cause hearing loss. The Committee of Aerial Transport has proposed a new aircraft classification system in which the aircraft operator would pay a fee based on noise production, not weight or aircraft type. As a result, we put together a novel computational model that not only measures noise production, but also identifies an aircraft based on the noise it generates.
Each node in our wireless monitoring system contains a half-inch prepolarized microphone, a data acquisition card that measures noise level, an industrial computer, and a wireless Internet connection using Wi-Fi or 3G. Each microphone is in a weatherproof case mounted 4 meters above the ground. The node measures noise levels every 30 seconds and streams the data back to the control center every 5 minutes.
Figure 1. Distributed Wireless Monitoring System Diagram
Identifying an aircraft based on the noise spectrum characteristics it generates is complicated in the real world because background noise, the weather, takeoff speed, and the aircraft's load can interfere with analysis. Recently, measurement equipment that uses neural networks to identify noise has appeared on the market, but it can only distinguish between jet aircrafts, propeller aircrafts, helicopters, and background noise. We decided to create a computational model to measure and interpret noise. Using only the noise created during the 24 seconds after takeoff, our system can correctly identify the aircraft.
Using a wireless topology reduces costs and provides flexibility in setting up a monitoring system. Each monitoring node is based on a headless industrial PC running Windows XP with a Wi-Fi adapter and an NI USB-9234. During the hardware evaluation process, we decided to use NI products because of their high measurement quality, ruggedness, and reliability compared to lower cost sound-level meters.
Even though each node is connected to the city's electrical system, we use an uninterruptible power supply to prevent data loss. The node measures noise levels every 30 seconds and the system can collect data locally for up to 14 days. The government plans to use our data to identify the times and locations in Mexico City with the highest noise level, create noise maps, and implement regulatory actions to control the noise and promote a healthier environment for its citizens.
Our system can record traditional metrics used for road traffic noise, such as continuous equivalent sound level (Leq), and it can also record fractional octave analysis and measure prominent tones. In addition, the system can transfer WAV files to a central server to study transient signals that may trigger alarms, which helps identify isolated sound sources that interfere with accurate measurements.
Figure 2. Noise Patterns From Two Weeks in the City Square México City.
We originally planned to use the public Wi-Fi that the government installed in 2008, but some nodes had to be converted to a slower 3G system provided by a wireless carrier. Although we can use speech and data services simultaneously on the 3G network, it has significantly slower data transfer rates.
Communicating via TCP/IP
Our control center has a static IP address. Each node has a dynamic address assigned by a DHCP server. To simplify, the control center is similar to a server, and the nodes are similar to a client. The nodes attempt to open a TCP connection, and if the control center receives this connection request and the node's validation key, it accepts the connection.
Figure 3. Control Center Central Server Interface
Figure 4. Signal Analysis of Audio That Exceeds Thresholds
Figure 5. Noise Level, Time, and Date, and Amplitude Measured in dBA
Figure 6. 3D Noise Map Displaying Noise Level, Time, Date, and Amplitude
Below is the system block diagram we created for pattern generation and recognition. We considered takeoff noise a nonstationary transient signal because it starts and ends at a zero level and has a finite duration. As Figure 8 shows, most of the signal's energy is below 2 kHz. In this case, we notice the background noise more strongly at the ends of the signal because the aircraft-generated noise masks it in the middle portion.
Figure 7. System Block Diagram for Pttern Generation and Recognition
Figure 8. Typical Noise Signal and Spectrum of a Boeng 747 Taking Off
For all aircraft noise, we observed the typical form of the amplitude spectrum from 0 to 5,000 Hz. We chose to use a sampling frequency of 11,025 Hz in order to reduce the number of samples taken in 24 seconds to 264,600 samples. In other aircraft noise analyses, the recommended sampling frequency is 25 kS/s and D-, C- and A-weighting filters.
Reducing Spectral Resolution
We decided to reduce the spectral resolution because the amplitude spectrum has 132,300 harmonics, which would result in very complex processing. In addition, we were only interested in gathering data about the spectral form.
We present the following hypotheses:
- Any method to reduce spectral resolution introduces a tolerance in the initial and final times within the measurement interval of aircraft noise. For example, a feedforward neural network is trained with one noise pattern, which was acquired from zero seconds from the aircraft takeoff until 24 seconds later. In run time, if the aircraft takeoff noise is acquired from 5 seconds until 24 seconds, this 5 second time displacement will have little effect on the spectral form if its spectral resolution has been reduced.
- A median filter (moving average filter) creates a typical form of the aircraft's takeoff noise spectrums.
- The decimation of average spectrum, with a rate X, conserves the spectral form of an aircraft's takeoff noises.
Our 10-node system successfully measures the noise produced during takeoff by airplanes at the International Airport of Mexico. The system makes many different types of spectral analyses and obtains the most-used statistical indicators for noise measurement, expressed in dB(A) or dB(C). We can store the data collected by our system and later come back to perform more in-depth analysis. We can determine potential health risks from this noise, and gain an idea of how noise levels fluctuate throughout the day.
In the future, we would like to measure the differences of the yield when applying this technique after segmenting the original signal. We also plan to test new parameters to create the neural network.
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text: 1976. robert a canham tips for writing a conclusion for a literature review on water pollution research paper about water pollution. salvation langston hughes essay summary pollution of river bodies has become a major problem that is becoming critical because of. in many areas of the world, water resources are shared transnationally but not managed jointly and, consequently, there literature review on water pollution top research papers are no 4 essay formats prior principles to guide partners as to how much each literature review on water pollution of them can utilize from common water resources and for what purposes (kliot, shmueli an outline helps you to see the relationship between & shamir, 2001, p. a. hope essay words not to use in a research paper (pdf) a review of environmental effects of surface writing services for students water pollution | ijaers styles of essays journal – academia.edu —water is life without argumentative thesis topics pollution, but death when it is polluted. polluted water is of great concern to the aquatic organism, plants, humans, and …. review of literature place …. original from: the united nations (un) set research paper outline apa format a goal in their millennium declaration to reduce the amount of people without safe drinking water by half in the year 2015 (un, 2000). pollution the entire life cycle of bottled water uses fossil fuels, contributes to global warming, and causes pollution. a literature review. soil is an important habitat for both producers (green plants) and decomposers (bacteria literature review on water pollution and diabetes research paper example fungi).

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
The Marquess of Esquilache
|Minister of the Treasury|
25 December 1759 – 1 April 1766
|Preceded by||Juan Francisco de Gaona y Portocarrero|
|Succeeded by||Miguel de Múzquiz y Goyeneche|
|Born||23 December 1699|
Messina, Kingdom of Sicily
|Died||15 September 1785 (aged 85)|
Venice, Republic of Venice
Leopoldo de Gregorio, 1st Marquess of Esquilache, OWE (Messina, December 23, 1699 – Venice, September 15, 1785), known in Spanish as Marqués de Esquilache and in Italian as Marchese di Squilliace, was a Sicilian statesman who acted as minister of Charles III of Spain.
Born in Messina, de Gregorio was one of Enlightenment Spain's leading statesmen from the arrival of Charles III to the Marquis's death in 1785. His ability as a military supplier for the Neapolitan army impressed the king and raised him to royal prominence. He was created "Marquis of Squillace" in 1755.
Charles III had been introduced to reform by his mentor in Sicily, Bernardo Tanucci. Although Tanucci remained behind in the Two Sicilies to advise Charles's son, King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies, as the two thrones could not be united by consequence of treaty, Charles carried with him a cadre of Italian reformers who saw potential in the Spanish bureaucracy for modernization. De Gregorio was one of them, and was the architect of the first phase of Charles' reforms.
His attempt to modernize the apparel of the average Spaniard resulted in the Esquilache Riots and in his dismissal. Charles was forced to make Esquilache ambassador to Venice. It was a move that both Charles and Esquilache lamented. Esquilache felt that his measures in Spain had deserved a statue, and would comment that he had cleaned and paved the city streets and had created boulevards, and had nevertheless been dismissed.
He died in Venice.
|This biography of a Spanish noble is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|
|This Spanish diplomat-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


text:
Iranian researchers from Yazd University produced a biosensor that is able to determine fetus sex in a short period of time.
The sensor has high selectivity and sensitivity and can be produced at a low cost. Efforts were made in the designing of the sensor to use high performance nanoparticle and preferably an appropriate production method.
Common old methods for sex determination such as anatomic methods require high-tech devices, and errors are sometimes observed in the results. PCR molecular determination methods do not have appropriate sensitivity, and moreover, these methods are very time consuming and expensive. The researchers have presented a method in this research, which can determine the fetus sex at early stages of the fetus formation at very low concentrations of DNA (even at picomolar scale).
The electrochemical method was used in this research to produce gold nanoparticle. The reason for this choice can be explained by the advantages of this method such as the simplicity of the method in comparison with chemical method, high rate in the production of nanoparticle, the lack of contamination of the nanoparticle with chemicals, and the ability to control the size of nanoparticle only by controlling the current and potential.
Carbon paste electrode was firstly produced for the production of the sensor. The surface of the electrode was next coated with gold nanoparticles through cyclic voltammetry method. Then, DNA chain was connected to the nanoparticles. To this end, a solution of thiolated DNA was prepared with optimum concentration, and the electrodes were put in the solution for a determined period of time. The production of DNA chain in the solution was carried out by using specific enzyme in order not to use the time-consuming PCR method.
Results of the research have been published in Analytical Biochemistry, vol. 443, issue 2, December 2013, pp. 132-138.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text: srinagar: the great depression has gripped the valley. in fact, its rate has jumped from a mere 2.4 per cent prior to militancy, to a whopping 44 per cent during the last year alone. psychiatrists here have now coined a new word to deal with cases of posttraumatic stress and anxiety disorders. they call it 'castastrophic' stress. dr hamidullah shah, heading j&k's sole hospital for mental health (hmh) says the constant exposure to violence has seen depression-related disorders and phobias quadruple in the last decade. take the numbers swarming the opd here. from 1,762 in 1990, it have jumped to over 60,000 during the last year. ''we average 150 patients a day, but there are only two psychiatrists to handle this rush. women and children feel threatened from militants and security forces. a common complaint is the fear of death and hysterical and panic disorders,'' says shah. dr mushtaq magroob of hmh says if these disorders are not treated in time, they will metamorphose into hallucinations. sleep-related disorders, high blood pressure and heart attacks too have seen a sharp increase, he says. these cases have had an effect on the sale of anti-depressants. their sale,say chemists, has seen a 100 per cent increase. ''eight per cent of the population is on anti-depressants,'' says one chemist. women seem to be particularly vulnerable. a survey in march of 600 families of widows and children conducted by kashmir university found many showing suicidal tendencies. and the number of housewives committing suicides has increased, much to the alarm of sociologists. about 11 per cent of these were committed by pregnant women. ''mothers tend to show much more anxiety and stress than their children. the latter have different mechanisms of coping,'' shah maintains. saiba husain, a consultant with oxfam, which is conducting a project titled 'violence mitigation and amelioration project' believes the state-run department of social services is unable to cope with the scale of the tragedy. ''it is estimated that there are 40,000 orphans in kashmir. but the state is only running six orphanages which provide shelter to about 500 children,'' husain says.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Skip to contents
This function checks if a string is a valid CAS registry number. A valid CAS is 1) separated by two hyphes into three parts; 2) the first part consists from two up to seven digits; 3) the second of two digits; 4) the third of one digit (check digit); 5) the check digits corresponds the checksum. The checksum is found by taking the last digit (excluding the check digit) multiplyingit with 1, the second last multiplied with 2, the third-last multiplied with 3 etc. The modulo 10 of the sum of these is the checksum.
Usage
is.cas(x, verbose = getOption("verbose"))
Arguments
x
character; input CAS
verbose
logical; print messages during processing to console?
Value
a logical
Note
This function can only handle one CAS string
References
Eduard Szöcs, Tamás Stirling, Eric R. Scott, Andreas Scharmüller, Ralf B. Schäfer (2020). webchem: An R Package to Retrieve Chemical Information from the Web. Journal of Statistical Software, 93(13). doi:10.18637/jss.v093.i13 .
Examples
is.cas('64-17-5')
#> 64-17-5
#> TRUE
is.cas('64175')
#> 64175
#> FALSE
is.cas('4-17-5')
#> 4-17-5
#> FALSE
is.cas('64-177-6')
#> 64-177-6
#> FALSE
is.cas('64-17-55')
#> 64-17-55
#> FALSE
is.cas('64-17-6')
#> 64-17-6
#> FALSE


Sunday, 9 January 2011
The Holy Family
The Feast of the Holy Family is celebrated on the Sunday within the Octave of the Epiphany. The feast is of greater double rank. The feast was assigned by Leo XIII in 1893 to the third Sunday after the Epiphany. In 1921 Benedict XV moved its celebration to the Sunday within the Octave of the Epiphany. If the Epiphany falls on a Sunday the Holy Family is anticipated on the following Saturday, the Octave Day of the Epiphany being celebrated on the Sunday.
The Office is proper. At Vespers yesterday afternoon the antiphons Jacob autem genuit Joseph etc are proper to the feast, the hymn O lux beata caelitum is sung. Commemorations of the Octave of the Epiphany and of the Sunday within the Octave are sung. There is a special Doxology at the end of all hymns (except the hymn at Mattins), Jesu tuis obediens, Qui factus es parentibus, Cum Patre summo ac Spiritu, Semper tibi sit gloria.
At Mattins the invitatory, hymn and antiphons are proper. In the first nocturn the lessons are from St. Paul's Epistle to the Colossians. The second nocturn lessons are from the brief of Leo XIII establishing the feast. In the third nocturn the homily is from the writings of St. Bernard. Unusually, the ninth lesson of the Sunday is not read. This is because the gospel fragment at Mattins, and the Gospel at Mass, are the same as that for the Sunday within the Octave. At Lauds the antiphons are again proper, Post triduum invenerunt Jesum etc., and refer to the Finding in the Temple and the LORD growing in wisdom at Nazareth. Commemorations are sung of the Sunday within the Octave and the Octave of the Epiphany.
The antiphons from Lauds are used as usual for the Little Hours. At Prime (Pss. 53, 118i & 118ii) in the short responsory the verse Qui Mariae et Joseph subditus fuisti is sung, the short lesson is Semetipsum exinanivit.
Mass is sung after Terce. The Gloria is sung, the second collect is of the Sunday within the Octave, the third collect is of the Octave. The Creed is sung, the preface and communicantes are of the Epiphany. The last Gospel is In principio.
In second Vespers the antiphons of Lauds are sung with the psalms from the Common of the BVM (unless the feast was reduced to a commemoration and first Vespers not sung in their entirety in which case the antiphons Jacob autem genuit Joseph etc and sung). A commemoration is made of the following day within the Octave and the Sunday within the Octave.
In the 'liturgical books of 1962' the feast is second class but gains a Vespers as it falls (always) on a Sunday. If Sunday is the 'Baptism of the Lord' (basically the Octave Day in the Old Rite) the feast of the Bapism is omitted. However, Mattins does have nine lessons. At Lauds no commemorations are sung. At the Little Hours the antiphons of Lauds are not sung but the antiphons and psalms of Sunday. At Prime psalm 117 is sung in place of psalm 53. The short lesson is that of 'Epiphanytide'. The hymns at the Little Hours do not have the Doxology of the feast. At Mass the Gloria is sung, there are no commemorations. The Credo is sung, the preface is of the Epiphany but the proper communicantes are not said. Vespers are without any commemorations. In the 'ordinary form' of the 1962 rite the feast is celebrated on the Sunday after the Nativity, unless that day is January 1st.
John Meyers said...
Two items.
1. Are there any other examples where the little chapter is from a Gospel rather than an epistle? Offhand, I can't think of any, but I didn't do any checking to be sure.
2. I still seem to be having some issues with precedence. At Vespers (both first and second) the octave day is commemorated before the Sunday. At Lauds, the Sunday is commemorated before the octave day. What am I missing here? Why does the order change? Did I just miss the specific rubric?
Rubricarius said...
1) Off the top of my head I suspect you are correct;
2) At Vespers the first commemoration is always the concurrent Office (unless it is a simple concurrng with first Vespers, then other commemorations are made in descending order of rank.


text:
Anthesis is the funeral service given by the people whose loved ones have passed away. They render all kinds of services like providing a van for the
Anthesis is the funeral service given by the people whose loved ones have passed away. They render all kinds of services like providing a van for the dead body transfer, crematorium services, arrangement of the funeral services, and also the priests. Anthyesti aims to allow the grieving families to do the last rituals for their loved ones.
What is the purpose of Funeral Services?
- It helps the grieving families acknowledge that their loved ones have died.
- It gives them the chance to say their last goodbyes.
- With the help of funerals, people can move on with their life, and it also offers continuity with a hope to keep on living their life.
- Funerals render the grieving family, friends, and community a support system to continue living.
- With the help of funerals, one can understand the meaning and depth of life and death.
Need for a memorial service –
- Pay tribute –
With the help of the memorial service, the families and friends can pay tribute to their loved ones. Among the many purposes, the service helps to realize death, reminds of the present life, and supports them to move on in the difficult phase of life.
- Begin mourning –
It helps the survivors acknowledge death, as it is the first step towards grief that is filled up inside, allowing us to mourn. Mourning can help relax and let go of all the pent-up emotions in an individual for their loved ones who have passed away.
- Receive support –
It allows the families and friends to portray their love and respect for the important people. Sometimes, just looking at how much other people care for their loved ones will comfort them and help them adjust for their loss.
- Helps to express the feelings –
For many years, beliefs, thoughts, and emotions can be expressed with the help of funerals. It allows one to acknowledge that their loved one has died and helps to say their last goodbyes.
Importance of the funeral ceremony rituals –
Rituals are important for family members and friends as it helps them express their deepest thoughts and feelings. It is also very symbolic for everyone because it helps them realize some of the most important events of their life.
What are the common factors among all the rituals?
- Rituals help unite with everyone through these events, and it also furnishes a support system for them to share their common beliefs and values.
- With the help of rituals, families and friends can feel at ease.
- Rituals help express the feelings through the beliefs and feelings when words cannot justify those. Not only objects but also the rituals help to symbolize a greater image.
Therefore, anthyesti can help grieving families, relatives, and friends relax and move on with their lives. With their services of transporting dead bodies, crematorium services, and many more, they can take the burden of doing all the rituals accordingly. Funeral rituals can help grieving members express their beliefs, thoughts, and feelings about their loved ones.


Google Tag Manager provides a convenient method to control the code snippets you would like to include within your store - without needing to modify a theme's code every time. Please be sure to watch the Google Tag Manager Getting Started video to get up to speed on how to get going with the tool.
Upon signing up for your Tag Manager account, will be presented with a code snippet that looks like the code snippet in the following image. The next step will be to add this code into your theme as instructed:
Adding the Google Tag Manager code to your shop
Adding a code snippet to your theme is broken down in the following article. Please read the article and follow the steps: How do I add a code snippet to my shop?
When inserting the code into the 'theme' template, be sure to paste the snippet just after the opening tag, as demonstrated in the following screenshot:
Note that depending on your theme, the exact code will look different, but it's the opening tag you are looking for. From here, save changes and you're done!
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The PtChg Command
Command Summary
Inverts a point on the graph screen.
Command Syntax
PtChg x, y
Menu Location
Calculator Compatibility
This command works on all calculators.
Token Size
2 bytes
The PtChg command inverts a point on the graph screen — drawing it if it isn't already there, and erasing it otherwise. It uses point coordinates, which means that the result is determined by window variables: the x-coordinate must be between xmin and xmax, and the y-coordinate must be between ymin and ymax (with (xmin,ymin) being the bottom left and (xmax,ymax) the top right corner).
Unlike pixel commands such as PxlChg, however, PtChg won't give an error if the coordinates happen to be outside these bounds — it simply won't have any effect.
Advanced Uses
PtChg can also be used with two lists of the same size. In that case, it will invert the points for every pair of elements (xlist[n], ylist[n]). This can be used as an alternative to plots (see NewPlot) to plot a set of points.
Related Commands


text: A technique by which ions are formed by resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionisation (REMPI) and detected by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) has been employed to measure the kinetics of the N2++O2 reaction over the pressure range 5-484 Torr He at 296 K. Within this pressure range, measured rate constants for the reaction are found to increase by a factor of ~2. It is well-established that the reaction proceeds predominantly by charge transfer at low pressure (<1 Torr). At higher pressures, the increase in rate constant for the reaction implies an increasing importance of the stabilisation of [N2·O2] + complexes. However, the observed dependence of rate constants on pressure provides good evidence that charge transfer also proceeds via [N 2·O2]+ complexes and that the contribution of charge transfer to the observed rate constant is pressure-dependendent. Extensive electronic structure calculations conducted at the QCISD/6-311G(d) level are presented and provide a framework to rationalise the experimental results.


text:
Speed Control and Position Estimation of Small Hydraulic Cylinders for Digital Clay Using PWM Method
Book, Wayne John
MetadataShow full item record
Digital Clay is a new generation 3D computer input and output device for surface shape and haptic effects. The device consists of arrays of fluidically actuated cells under the control of valves connected to two pressure reservoirs in a manner ultimately suitable to an implementation in MEMS technology. At the current stage, it is very difficult to implement a tiny position sensor into the tiny cell. This paper presents a control method for the speed and position estimation and control for the cells of digital clay only using low cost pressure sensors and without using any position-sensing device.


text:
Squares as Intersections
Virtually all squares are intersections, and most have at least four streets leading away from them, some many more. In fact, the more streets that can be brought into a square, the higher the level of foot traffic that can be expected.
In some squares, however, the circulation function takes precedence over the social function, leading to a square that is really more an extensive intersection than a true square. The critical point is the amount of the square that is given over to pedestrians. In the ideal square, it is 100%.
Another important point is the relative width of the incoming streets and the square itself. When, as in some case we will see, the square is no larger than necessary to accommodate broad incoming streets, we are looking at an intersection. In other cases, there may be quite a lot of vehicular traffic arriving via narrow streets; in these cases, there may still be a real square, despite its function as an intersection.
City Design Home


text:
A file with a .trp filename extension is an HD (High Definition) video file that uses MPEG-2 compression. TRP files are typically used to synchronize audio and video codecs in DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting). The video codec is usually H.264, whereas audio data comes in AC3 format. This makes the TRP format to be supported by most media player programs.
TS (Transport Stream) is a digital video format for saving video data on a DVD. It uses MPEG-2 compression on its video data, and the files come with a VIDE0_TS directory. TS files are straightforward on most computer video editing programs and media players.
Apple DVD Player VLC Media Player PotPlayer Audials One 2019, Roxio Popcorn


text:
Temperatures are at the highest in the month of July and August with temperatures reaching high as 40 °C. Temperatures are recorded the lowest in late January and early February with temperatures reaching less than 5°C. ETO is highest in the month of June to July with records reaching up to 7mm. The month of December and January record the least ET0 at an average of 1mm a day. The ideal period to grow crops in Cordoba is from January after which they will take 4 months to be harvested. The major climatic constraints include high temperatures. Cordoba experiences high temperatures in the mid year. The increasing temperatures occur in the summer season after which most of the crops have already been harvested. Increasing Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is also high from June to December and is increasing at an increasing rate. Carbon dioxide should not be directly proportional to the oxygen released to the atmosphere. Increase in carbon in the atmosphere lead to low productivity. Increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere may have direct impact on agriculture productivity. This may also lead to extreme weather. A warmer climate could bring low rainfall which results to low water availability.
The maize sown on 15th February yielded 2.726 with a biomass of 8.388 ton/ha with a potential biomass of 18.314 ton/ha both in ratio of 46% with a water productivity of 1.01kg yield per m3 evapotranspired. Canopy Cover (CC) of the maize sown in 15th February increased from 0 to 96% at the 15th day to 40th day and reduced from 85th day up to 111th day.


text:
NASA was instructed by the Congress to develop a habituation module for creating living quarters in deep space for future missions.
The space agency has been given $55 million in an omnibus spending bill that should be fulfilled by the year 2018. According to a report that accompanies the bill, "NASA shall develop a prototype deep space habitation module within the advanced exploration systems program no later than 2018."
The report, according to SpaceNews, says, "NASA shall develop a prototype deep space habitation module within the advanced exploration systems program no later than 2018." The space agency has also been instructed to produce a report on the status of the project and what the funds have been used for within 180 days.
While NASA has talked about developing the habituating module, with astronauts sent into space some 10 years after the completion of the testing, it has set the testing date for the 2020s.
According to Digital Trends, NASA International Space Station director, Sam Scimemi, says that the habituation testing will occur during a "shakedown cruise" in cislunar space. He also said that the idea is "our big objective for cislunar space for human spaceflight."
Since a trip to Mars to test the habituation module could be as long as a year, it will be carried out by traveling to the moon and seeing whether the crew feels comfortable and safe.
According to TIME, contracts have been given by NASA to several outside companies under the Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships – NextSTEP – program. The details of the habituation module have not been revealed by the space agency.


Definition of Obturator. Meaning of Obturator. Synonyms of Obturator
Definition of Obturator. Meaning of Obturator. Synonyms of Obturator
Here you will find one or more explanations in English for the word Obturator. Also in the bottom left of the page several parts of wikipedia pages related to the word Obturator and, of course, Obturator synonyms and on the right images related to the word Obturator.
Definition of Obturator
Obturator
Obturator Ob"tu*ra'tor, n. 1. (Ordnance) Any device for preventing the escape of gas through the breech mechanism of a breech-loading gun; a gas check. 2. (Photog.) A camera shutter.
Obturator
Obturator Ob"tu*ra'tor, n. [NL., fr. L. obturare to stop up: cf.F. obturateur.] 1. That which closes or stops an opening. 2. (Surg.) An apparatus designed to close an unnatural opening, as a fissure of the palate.
Obturator
Obturator Ob"tu*ra'tor, a. (Anat.) Serving as an obturator; closing an opening; pertaining to, or in the region of, the obturator foramen; as, the obturator nerve. Obturator foramen (Anat.), an opening situated between the public and ischial parts of the innominate bone and closed by the obturator membrane; the thyroid foramen.
Meaning of Obturator from wikipedia
- Obturator may refer to: Obturator foramen Obturator fascia Obturator canal Obturator vessels Obturator arteries Obturator veins Obturator nerve Anterior...
- The internal obturator muscle or obturator internus muscle originates on the medial surface of the obturator membrane, the ischium near the membrane,...
- The obturator sign or Cope's obturator test is an indicator of irritation to the obturator internus muscle. The technique for detecting the obturator sign...
- The obturator nerve in human anatomy arises from the ventral divisions of the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves in the lumbar plexus; the branch...
- The external obturator muscle, obturator externus muscle (/ˌɒbtjʊəˈreɪtər ɪkˈstɜːrnəs/; OE) is a flat, triangular muscle, which covers the outer surface...
- Through the canal the obturator artery, obturator vein and obturator nerve p**** out of the pelvis. Obturator internus muscle Obturator externus muscle The...
- An obturator hernia is a rare type of hernia of the pelvic floor in which pelvic or abdominal contents protrudes through the obturator foramen. Because...
- The obturator artery is a branch of the internal iliac artery that p****es antero-inferiorly (forwards and downwards) on the lateral wall of the pelvis...
- obturator canal is a p****ageway formed in the obturator foramen by part of the obturator membrane. It connects the pelvis to the thigh. The obturator...
- often considered to be a part of adductor magnus. pectineus gracilis Obturator externus and are also part of the medial compartment of thigh The adductors...
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text:
Kaban Green Power Hub is a 157MW onshore wind power project under construction in Queensland, Australia. The project also involves a 100MW battery energy storage system (BESS) and an upgrade to a 320km transmission line on the North Queensland coastal circuit from 132kV to 275kV.
Neoen Australia is developing the project with an estimated investment of A$370m ($268m).
Construction works on the Kaban Green Power Hub were started in May 2021, while financial closure of the project was reached in September 2021.
Scheduled for commissioning by 2023, the project is estimated to generate 460 gigawatt-hours (GWh) of electricity a year, which will be enough to power up to 100,000 Australian households.
The Department of State Development, Manufacturing, Infrastructure and Planning, Queensland, had granted project development approval for the Kaban Green Power Hub in May 2018.
The project is estimated to offset approximately 352,280 tonnes (t) of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions a year.
Location and site details
The Kaban Green renewable energy and storage facility is being developed on 1,300ha near Ravenshoe, in the Atherton Tablelands region of Queensland, Australia.
The project site lies near the rural localities of Kaban and Tumoulin, approximately 80km south-west of Cairns. It features good wind resources and is located adjacent to an existing 275kV high-voltage transmission line.
Kaban Green wind farm make-up
The Kaban Green wind farm will be equipped with 28 V162 wind turbines of 5.6MW capacity each from the EnVentus platform of Vestas. Each turbine will have a 162m-diameter rotor and measure 230m-high from the tower base to the tip of the blade.
A supervisory control and data acquisition system (SCADA) along with other site equipment including meters and wind speed sensors will be used to monitor and control the electricity generation of the wind farm.
The electricity generated from the Kaban Green power hub will be fed into the grid through the 320km-long Cairns to Townsville 275kV transmission line.
Power purchase agreement
CleanCo Queensland signed a power purchase agreement (PPA) with Neoen Australia in October 2020 to offtake 110MW of electricity from the Kaban Green Power Hub project for a period of 15 years.
Global law firm Ashurst advised CleanCo Queensland on the PPA with Neoen.
The Kaban Green Power Hub project is being financed by a syndicate of five banks, including BNP Paribas, the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC), Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (MUFG), National Australia Bank (NAB), and the Norddeutsche Landesbank (NORD/LB).
White and Case, an international law firm based in the US, provided legal advisory services, while Elgar Middleton provided financial advisory services to Neoen on the financing of the project.
Vestas was contracted for the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) of the Kaban Green wind farm in May 2021. The delivery of turbines is scheduled for the first quarter of 2022.
E2M Consulting was contracted by Aecom Australia on behalf of Neoen Australia to prepare the environmental impact statement (EIS) and environmental management plans for the project.
Hengtong Cable Australia was contracted to supply 67km of 33kV cable and 32km of bare copper wire for the Kaban Green Power Hub project in July 2021.
Neoen has partnered with Powerlink Queensland for the upgrade of the transmission line between Cairns and Townsville.
Powerlink Queensland agreed to provide system strength support to the Kaban Green wind power project by installing a synchronous condenser in October 2020.


Psychology Wiki
Psychohistorical views on infanticide
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Revision as of 04:39, November 13, 2013 by Rotlink (Talk | contribs)
Psychohistorical views on infanticide (in psychohistorical jargon "early infanticidal childrearing") is a model used in the study of psychohistory to refer to the occurrence of infanticide in paleolithic,[1][2] pre-historical, or historical hunter-gatherer tribes or societies (although infanticide still occurs in the advanced nations). "Early" means early in history or in the cultural development of a society, not to the age of the child. "Infanticidal" refers to the high incidence of infants killed if compared to modern nations.[3] The model was developed by Lloyd deMause within the framework of psychohistory as part of a seven-stage sequence of childrearing modes which describe the development of human cultures in their attitude to their children.[4] The word "early" is also meant to distinguish it from late infanticidal childrearing, identified by deMause in the more established, agricultural cultures up to the ancient world.
The model
This particular model is a psychological concept that aims to understand anthropological data, especially from such societies as the Yolngu of Australia, the Gimi, Wogeo, Sambia (tribe), Bena Bena, and Bimin-Kuskusmin of Papua New Guinea, the Raum, the Ok and the Kwanga, based on observations by Geza Roheim,[5] Lia Leibowitz, Robert C. Suggs,[6] Milton Diamond, Herman Heinrich Ploss, Gilbert Herdt, Robert J. Stoller, L. L. Langness, and Fitz John Porter Poole, among others.[7] While anthropologists and psychohistorians generally do not dispute the data of their particular research, they dispute its significance (both in terms of importance and in terms of meaning) and its interpretation.[7]
Supporters attempt to explain cultural history from a psycho-developmental point of view, and argue that cultural change can be assessed as "advancement" or "regression" based on the psychological consequences of various cultural practices.[8] While most anthropologists reject this approach, and most theories of cultural evolution as ethnocentric, the psychohistorians in their turn proclaim the independence of psychohistory and summarily reject the mainstream view in scholarship, that of Boasian anthropologists.
This "infanticidal" model makes several claims: that childrearing in tribal societies included child sacrifice or high infanticide rates, incest, body mutilation, child rape and tortures, and that such activities were culturally acceptable.[9] Psychohistorians do not claim that each child was killed, only that in some societies there was (or is) a selection process that would vary from culture to culture. For example, there is a large jump in the mortality rate of Papua New Guinean children after they reach the weaning stage.[10] In the Solomon Islands some people reportedly kill their first-born child. In rural India, rural China and other societies some female babies would be exposed to death.[10] The gist of deMause's argument is that the surviving siblings of the sacrificed child may become disturbed.[3]
Some states both in the Old World and New World also practiced infanticide, including sacrifice in Mesoamerica, the Incas and in Assyrian and Canaanite religions. Phoenicians, Carthaginians and other members of early states also sacrificed infants to their gods, as described in the table of the psychopathological effects of some forms of childrearing.[3]
The model is also based on a reported lack of empathy by infanticidal parents, such as mutual gazes between parent and child, observed by Robert B. Edgerton, Maria Lepowsky, Bruce Knauft, John W. M. Whiting and Margaret Mead among others. Such mutual gazing is widely recognized in developmental psychology as crucial for proper bonding between mother and child.
Nineteenth century British anthropology advanced a lineal, evolutionary sequence in a given culture from savagery to civilization (Stone Age, Iron Age, Bronze age, etc.). The cultures were seen as a hierarchical ladder. For example, James George Frazer posited an universal progress from magical thinking to science. Most anthropologists of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century studied primitives outside Europe and North America. John Ferguson McLennan, Lewis Henry Morgan and others argued that there was a parallel development in social institutions. Led by Leslie White, in the 1950s these evolutionist ideas gained influence in American anthropology.[12]
The German-born Franz Boas managed to shift the paradigm. His approach, later named cultural relativism, resists universal values of any kind. According to Boas' principle, which represents the mainstream school in contemporary anthropology, a set of a culture's beliefs and activities should be interpreted in terms of its own culture. This principle has been established as axiomatic in contemporary anthropology. The war of Vietnam consolidated the Boasian shift in American anthropology.[12]
Since in a certain sense the psychohistorians' model is analogous to the now discarded unilineal evolution theory, it is understandable that mainstream anthropologists have been critical of the negative value judgments, and the lineal progression, in the model currently advanced by psychohistorians as to what constitutes child abuse in either "primitive" or non-Western cultures.[13] Furthermore, lumping paleolithic societies with contemporary hunter-gatherers, as deMause and the psychohistorians do, is for anthropologists bad science. This view was rejected by anthropologists a hundred years ago. Melvin Konner wrote:
In return, psychohistorians accuse most anthropologists and ethnologists of having avoided looking more closely to the evidence and having promulgated the myth of the noble savage.[15] They maintain that what constitutes child abuse is a matter of a general psychological law and that some of the practices which mainstream anthropologists do not pay due attention, such as beatings of newborn infants, result in brain lesions and other visible neurological and psychological damage.[7]
See also
 1. Decapitated skeletons of hominid children have been found with evidence of cannibalism. See e.g., Simons, E.L. (1989). Human origins. Science (journal) 245: 1344.
 2. Maringer, Johannes (1956). The Gods of Prehistoric Man, 10-19, London: Weidenfield & Nicolson.
 5. Roheim, Geza (1950). Psychoanalysts and Anthropology, NY: International Universities Press.
 8. deMause, Lloyd (1992). The evolution of childrearing modes. Empathic Parenting 15, issues 1 & 2.
 10. 10.0 10.1 Milner, Larry S. (2000). Hardness of Heart / Hardness of Life, University Press of America.
 11. deMause, Lloyd (1991). The universality of incest. The Journal of psychohistory 19, No. 2.
 15. Godwin, Robert (2004). One Cosmos under God, 166-174, Omega Books.
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NGO Competency Model Process
NGO Management Competency Model
NGO Competency Model Process
With the proliferation of NGOs in Lebanon and around the world, there is a growing need to empower their staff and volunteers with the needed skills, knowledge and abilities (KSAs) or what is also known as competencies to do their role properly.
In parallel to that, there are hundreds of thousands of dollars being spent annually on training workshops and courses for NGOs. Yet most of them happen without a structured approach to assess the actual needs and gaps to design the appropriate training/coaching/mentoring programs that best fit their situation.
In this context, I'm proposing a full fledged study that incorporates literature review, focus groups, interviews and surveys to do an in-depth quantitative and qualitative analysis of the necessary competencies for individuals managing NGOs.
The aim is to do this study with a multi-stakeholder approach that involves not just the NGOs but also the donor agencies, training providers and academicians.
As a result of the study, an NGO Management Competency Model will be developed. Based on that competency model, potential capacity building programs (training courses, workshops, mentoring programs and coaching sessions) will be designed to cater to the different needs of organizations and their staff and volunteers.
The above concept is not uncommon in certain industries and professions like Human Resources and Project Management professions, so a similar approach will be adopted for the aforementioned initiative.
Let me know your thoughts on the above and if you feel you're interested in playing a role in this study.


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According to this answer every object in Java is of the same size? Is the answer talking about the object itself or the reference to the object?
Here's the statement:
every object size is rounded to 16 bytes in Hotspot, so an object with a single byte field will take up precisely the same space as a single object with a long or double field;
I am completely baffled by the claim in this statement. So many upvotes to this answer further befuddled me.
Can some one please explain what is meant by the above statement?
share|improve this question
2
Note that this specifically mentions HotSpot and does not necessarily apply to any other JVM implementation (not even to newer and/or older versions of HotSpot, or HotSpot on another platform). Numbers like these are always implementation specific. – Joachim Sauer Jun 8 at 17:02
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1 Answer
up vote 4 down vote accepted
Rounded to a multiple of 16 bytes. Objects can be 16B, 32B, 48B, etc
share|improve this answer

Where is the term multiple mentioned? – Geek Jun 8 at 16:26
1
@Geek, the multiple is implied. Carelessly worded, admittedly, but most people can read between the lines. – Karl Bielefeldt Jun 8 at 16:32
1
"Every object size is rounded to X" means a multiple of X. X could be "integers" or "powers of 2" or whatever, and the syntax is the same. (What's implied is that it's rounded UP.) – DougM Jun 8 at 17:05
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Partial Assembly References
A full assembly reference includes the assembly's text name, version, culture, and public key token (if the assembly has a strong name). A full assembly reference is required if you reference any assembly that is part of the common language runtime or any assembly located in the global assembly cache. You can also dynamically reference an assembly by providing only partial information, such as specifying only the assembly name.
The use of partial assembly references is not recommended, because it can lead to a number of versioning problems:
 - Versions of the assembly might not be backward compatible. For example, your code might work with version 1.6 of the assembly, but because of the partial assembly reference you might get a later version that has an incompatible change.
 - Versions of the assembly might not be forward compatible. For example, your code might work with version 1.6 of the assembly, but because of the partial assembly reference you might get an earlier version that lacks necessary code.
 - An application that installs a new version of an assembly can break applications that use partial assembly references to load the assembly, if the new version is not compatible.
Because the potential for versioning problems is so great, the LoadWithPartialName method is marked as obsolete beginning in the .NET Framework version 2.0. For a more detailed discussion of the problems with partial name binding, see Best Practices for Assembly Loading.
You can make partial references to an assembly in your code one of the following ways:
 - Use a method such as System.Reflection.Assembly.Load and specify only a partial reference. The runtime checks for the assembly in the application directory.
 - Use the System.Reflection.Assembly.LoadWithPartialName method and specify only a partial reference. The runtime checks for the assembly in the application directory and in the global assembly cache.
 NoteNote:
 The LoadWithPartialName method is obsolete in .NET Framework version 2.0.
 Using the LoadWithPartialName method can introduce variability into the binding process. For example, if you request a bind to an assembly with a strong name but do not include the public key in your reference, you have no assurance that the assembly you bind to came from the expected publisher. Additionally, references that do not include the public key token are not subject to version policy, so the application and machine configuration files are never checked. Partial references using the LoadWithPartialName method work best in scenarios when you want to pick up the latest version of an assembly.
 - Use a method such as System.Reflection.Assembly.Load and provide only a partial reference; then provide the full reference information in the application configuration file.
NoteNote:
The LoadWithPartialName method is obsolete in .NET Framework version 2.0.
A call to the LoadWithPartialName method must include at least the assembly's text name, but can also include the public key token, version, or culture. Because you are using a method that expects only a partial reference, you do not have to include full reference information (name, version, culture and, if applicable, the public key token).
When you partially reference an assembly using the LoadWithPartialName method, the runtime uses specific rules to locate the referenced assembly. These rules include:
 1. The runtime checks the application configuration file for qualifying information for the reference in the <qualifyAssembly> element. If a valid entry is found, binding proceeds as it would for any full reference.
 2. The runtime then searches the application directory for an assembly that matches the specified assembly text name. If a match is found, the runtime uses that assembly.
 3. If no match is found in the application directory, the runtime checks the global assembly cache for the assembly. If the public key token, version, or culture is specified in the partial reference, the runtime attempts to match that value exactly. If no version is specified, the runtime attempts to locate the assembly with the highest version number that matches the other criteria specified. If the culture or the public key token is not specified, the runtime's behavior is undefined.
 For example, suppose the call Assembly.LoadWithPartialName("math, Version 5.0.0.0") is made and the contents of the global assembly cache are as follows:
 math,version=5.0.0.0,publicKeyToken=_PHONE_,culture=de
 math,version=5.0.0.0,publicKeyToken=22222222,culture=en

 The result of the call is undefined. The runtime selects the first assembly it encounters.
 As another example, suppose the call Assembly.LoadWithPartialName("math") is made and the contents of the global assembly cache are as follows:
 math,version=5.0.0.0,publicKeyToken=_PHONE_,culture=neutral
 math,version=6.0.0.0,publicKeyToken=22222222,culture=neutral

 The result of the call is a bind to the math assembly, version 6.0.0.0.
 As a final example, suppose the call Assembly.LoadWithPartialName("math,publicKeyToken=_PHONE_") is made and the contents of the global assembly cache are as follows:
 math,version=5.0.0.0,publicKeyToken=_PHONE_,culture=neutral
 math,version=6.0.0.0,publicKeyToken=22222222,culture=neutral

 The result of the call is a bind to the math assembly, version 5.0.0.0.
You can also make a dynamic reference using a method such as System.Reflection.Assembly.Load and provide only a partial reference, but you then qualify the reference using the <qualifyAssembly> element in the application configuration file. This element allows you to provide the full reference information (name, version, culture and, if applicable, the public key token) in your application configuration file instead of in your code.
NoteNote:
This type of partial reference should not be used with assemblies that are shared among several applications. Because configuration settings are applied per application and not per assembly, a shared assembly using this type of partial reference would require each application using the shared assembly to have the qualifying information in its configuration file.
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WW2 Women's Voluntary Service (WVS) collected garden vegetables for the men in minesweepers
Fresh vegetables were collected from gardens all around the coast for the men serving in minesweepers and small naval crafts.
Thousands upon thousands of vegetables were given out
"Another Women's Voluntary Service (WVS) activity was centred on our shores. Men in minesweepers and small naval craft were often unable to spend long enough on shore to get fresh vegetables. In East Anglia, WVS members approached people who have been evacuated from their homes for permission to collect the vegetables from their gardens and take them to the docks. All around the coast and in Northern Ireland the scheme caught on. Thousands upon thousands of vegetables were given out. In winter cakes and mince pies were added to the hampers."
Excerpt about the WVS from Wikipedia:
By the time of the Blitz, women in the WVS were adept at providing food and drink around the clock. While ARP wardens and firemen fought the fires, women in the WVS set up mobile canteens to keep them refreshed, thus placing themselves in serious physical danger with collapsing buildings a constant threat. When the raids ended, the WVS also played a part in looking after those who were injured and had lost their homes. Records indicate that the WVS dealt with and helped over 10,000 people every night of the Blitz.
As the Blitz lasted for 57 nights, the WVS helped in total a vast number of people who went to their rest centres. Some people stayed just for a night–many stayed for much longer and stretched the resources of the WVS to the limit. In Barnes, one WVS member fed 1,200 bomb victims in just one day, cooking in her own kitchen.
It would be difficult to overstate the importance of the work done by the WVS during the Blitz: the rest centres provided a roof, food and, importantly, sanitation. But working so near to the centre of the bombing inevitably led to casualties. 241 members of the WVS were killed during the Blitz and many more were wounded. 25 WVS offices were destroyed.


text:
Moug ('Waves') Trailer
It was in the extraordinary and historic city of Suez that the first martyr of the Egyptian revolution fell. But the city has long been the gateway to Egypt's most decisive, transformative moments. Home to the strategic Suez Canal, the port was a key asset in the British imperial project, attacked by British-Israeli-French forces in 1956, during the infamous 'Suez Crisis', and destroyed in the 1967 Arab-Israeli war. Despite its importance, the film shows how the people of Suez feel left behind and neglected by Egypt's political elites.
Exploring the significance of his hometown and its unique experience and role in the 2011 revolution, Suez-born filmmaker Ahmed Nour tells a highly personal story. He uses his own voice, animation techniques and a poetic style of sound and cinematography to capture the essence of the revolution's generation, its hopes and its disappointments.
Ahmed Nour , "Moug ('Waves') Trailer," Politics, Popular Culture and the 2011 Egyptian Revolution, accessed December 7, 2023, _URL_


text:
Jump to Main Content
Theory of timber connections with slender dowel type fasteners
- Svensson, Staffan, Munch-Andersen, Jørgen
- Wood material science and engineering 2018 v.13 no.1 pp. 7-15
- equations, fasteners, materials science, models, prediction, wood
- A theory on the lateral load-carrying capacity of timber connections with slender fasteners is presented. The base of the theory is the coupled mechanical phenomena acting in the connection, while the wood and the slender fastener deform and yield prior to failure. The objective is to derive a sufficient description of actions and responses which have determining influence on the load-carrying capacity of timber connections with slender fasteners. Model assumptions are discussed and made, but simplifications are left out. Even so, simple mathematical equations describing the lateral capacity are derived from mechanical equilibrium of the deformed fastener. The herein proposed theory is verified against tests. The tests were designed to vary the influence of isolated mechanical phenomenon as much as possible. The theory shows a very high accuracy and precision when predicting the load-carrying capacity of the tested connections.


text:
|leading light (ˈliːdɪŋ)|
|1.||an important or outstanding person, esp in an organization or cause|
|2.||nautical a less common term for range light|
|a scrap or morsel of food left at a meal.|
|an arrangement of five objects, as trees, in a square or rectangle, one at each corner and one in the middle.|
An important or influential individual, as in Jim was a leading light in his community. This expression, alluding to moral guidance, dates from about 1870, but terms such as a shining light have been used for an outstanding person since the first half of the 1500s.


text:
Free Excel Templates
ConnectCode Asset Tracking Spreadsheet is a free Excel Template designed to help you track assets easily with barcodes.
This template allows you to setup asset or inventory records,
generate barcodes out of serial numbers, and print the barcodes on commonly used labels (like Avery(TM)) with an inkjet or laser printer. The barcodes may be subsequently pasted on the items you will like to track.
When time arises that you need to retrieve information on an item, simply scan the barcode on the item (using an off the shelf barcode scanner or key in the Serial number manually). With this, you will be able to track your assets and inventories efficiently.
All the source codes and fonts for the barcode are provided for further customizations.
Download Free Excel Template for Asset Tracking
Working with the Template
To work with the template, you first customize / modify the records in the AssetData worksheet for all your trackable assets. You can also do this by clicking the Manage Records button.
- When you have finished defining the records, you click the Generate Barcodes on A4 button to create a printable page of barcodes containing all the serial numbers of your assets.
- You can then print the barcodes on a laser or inkjet printer with an A4-sized paper, and stick these barcodes on your assets.
- When you need to retrieve the information of a particular asset, you can set the keyboard focus on the Enter Serial Number (or Scan Barcode) field, and point your scanner at the barcode that is sticked onto a particular asset.
- When a barcode is scanned, its serial number will be automatically used to retrieve the information of that asset.
- Enter Serial Number - Use a barcode scanner to scan the Serial Number or key in the Serial Number through the Combo Box. The detailed information of the record will be retrieved and displayed.
- Manage Records - Launch the Data->Form command to manage the records in the AssetData worksheet. Alternatively, manage the records by updating the AssetData worksheet directly.
- Generate Barcodes - Generate the Serial Numbers in the AssetData worksheet as Code 39 barcodes on a A4 (3 x 10 labels) sized paper.
This worksheet contains all the asset records information.
Barcodes on A4 (3 x 10) Worksheet
Print this worksheet after generating the barcodes in the TrackAsset worksheet.


text:
Skip to Main Content
Topology optimization methods suffer from a lack of convexity for the design of electromagnetic devices. Local minimizers indeed prevent deterministic methods from attaining the optimal solution. The optimization result may then vary according to the initial conditions. This paper proposes a convexity-oriented method focusing on the maximization of the forces exerted on ferromagnetic parts in electromagnetic actuators. The method is based on a simultaneous optimization of two topologies by a gradient-based algorithm, the forces being computed by combining their magnetic fields within the Maxwell stress tensor. During the optimization, the two topologies converge towards a unique design using constraints whose shape is progressively modified. The method benefits from a fast convergence and produces consistent and efficient results, which is highlighted on a test problem. The method is eventually applied to a realistic problem related to the design of a switched reluctance actuator.


Dynamic Many-Light Sampling for Real-Time Ray Tracing
Monte Carlo ray tracing offers the capability of rendering scenes with large numbers of area light sources---lights can be sampled stochastically and shadowing can be accounted for by tracing rays, rather than using shadow maps or other rasterization-based techniques that do not scale to many lights or work well with area lights. Current GPUs only afford the capability of tracing a few rays per pixel at real-time frame rates, making it necessary to focus sampling on important light sources. While state-of-the-art algorithms for offline rendering build hierarchical data structures over the light sources that enable sampling them according to their importance, they lack efficient support for dynamic scenes. We present a new algorithm for maintaining hierarchical light sampling data structures targeting real-time rendering. Our approach is based on a two-level BVH hierarchy that reduces the cost of partial hierarchy updates. Performance is further improved by updating lower-level BVHs via refitting, maintaining their original topology. We show that this approach can give error within 6% of recreating the entire hierarchy from scratch at each frame, while being two orders of magnitude faster, requiring less than 1 ms per frame for hierarchy updates for a scene with thousands of moving light sources on a modern GPU. Further, we show that with spatiotemporal filtering, our approach allows complex scenes with thousands of lights to be rendered with ray-traced shadows in 16.1 ms per frame.
Pierre Moreau (NVIDIA, Lund University)
Publication Date:
Monday, July 8, 2019
Uploaded Files:


computer logic and digital design, Other Subject
Scenario:
The management committee at an organization has need of a critical electronic system. The system which is of extreme importance to the company's operations is to receive power from three distinct power supplies, each of which would feed power to the system. The organization's technician have concerns and would like the designers of the system to present versions of the design that would address each of their concerns so that the most efficient and fault-tolerant design would eventually be implemented.
The major concerns from the technicians are as follows:
1. Power should flow one way; from the power supply to the system only and should there be a short-circuiting of any of the power supplies, there must be some way of preventing the others from being affected.
2. There should be some way of alerting the technician if up to two of the power supplies fail so as to prevent a total loss of power to the system
3. In the event that any one power supply had to be shut down for maintenance, there should be no 'false alarms'.
Management was in total agreement with the first two of the technicians concern but felt that the alarm system must be activated as long as one of the power supplies was down but that there should be some way of disabling the alarm during the maintenance period so as not to cause a 'false-alarm'.
After some deliberations, the technicians had another concern: - what would happen if the alarm switch was accidentally left off after maintenance?
Posted Date: 2/28/2013 10:32:10 AM | Location : Jamaica
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You are here
Ghost Tour: Afterlives in Art
Sarah Dauer '20
Student Guide, Spring 2020
The objects on this tour, from different time periods and using different mediums, have "lived" like bodies, born as something outside the context of a museum. We will explore how the idea of afterlives can be manifested in five different objects, considering how we are surrounded by "ghosts" of the past.


text:
Solid tumour radionuclide microdosimetry can be affected by the biodistribution of the radiopharmaceutical off the capillaries of the pathologic vascularization. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the combined effects of radiopharmaceutical diffusion and range of the emitted radiation in a model of tumour microvasculature.
We developed a computational model of solid tumour microenvironment around a blood capillary vessel, and we simulated the transport of radiation emitted by by 223Ra, 111In, 131I and 177Lu nuclides using two different Monte Carlo codes: Geant4 and MCNPX.
In particular, we simulated a cylindrical vessel having 10 um of inner radius and 10 um of thickness filled by blood and surrounded by cylindrical layers of soft tissue, 10 um thick each.
For each nuclide, several models of radiopharmaceutical diffusion throughout the capillary vessel were considered: in blood only, representative of radio-embolization procedures, in capillary cells, representative of an anti-angiogenic radiopharmaceutical accumulating in them, and several models of extra-vascular diffusion.
Radial dose profiles around the capillary vessel were obtained and compared between codes and between the physics models available. The results for beta and Auger emitters demonstrate that the photon dose is at least four orders of magnitude lower with respect to the one deposited by electrons. For which concerns 223Ra, the beta emissions of the daughters give a contribution three orders of magnitude lower with respect to the alpha particles, even if with a much longer range.
For each nuclide and for every diffusion model, the Endothelial Cell Mean Dose (ECMD) and the Tumour Edge Mean Dose (TEMD) per unit cumulated activity were computed and represented in tabular form, together with the initial radioactivity (IR) necessary to deposit 100 Gy of dose at the edge of the viable tumour.
Such results may help to characterize the dose inhomogeneities in solid tumour therapies with radiopharmaceuticals, taking into accunt the interplay between drug diffusion from vasculature and range of ionizing radiations.


text:
Boyer, Paul D.Alternative names
Mildred Cohn was a biochemist and biophysicist. She received her Ph.D. from Columbia University in 1938 and was a research associate in biochemistry at several universities (George Washington University, _PHONE_; Cornell University, _PHONE_; Washington University, _PHONE_; Harvard Medical School, _PHONE_). In 1960 she moved to the University of Pennsylvania, where she was professor of biophysics and physical chemistry, _PHONE_; Benjamin Rush Professor of Physiological Chemistry, _PHONE_; and professor emeritus of physiological chemistry, _PHONE_.
From the guide to the Mildred Cohn papers, _PHONE_, _PHONE_, (American Philosophical Society)
- Women scientists


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The Health and Care Professions Council is the regulatory body set up to provide protection for the public, by maintaining a register of all health and care professionals that meet their standards for health, behaviour, professional skills and training.
Professions Regulated by The Health and Care Professions Council
The Council currently regulates the following professions:
- Language and Speech Therapists – They assess, treat and help to prevent difficulties with swallowing, language and speech
- Social Workers in England – They are responsible for liberation and empowerment of people, problem solving matters related to human relationships and promoting social change to improve well-being.
- Radiographers – Diagnostic radiographers are responsible for producing and interpreting high-quality images of bodies for diagnosing diseases and injuries. Therapeutic radiographers are responsible for planning and delivering treatments involving radiation.
- Orthotists/Prosthetists – They supply orthoses and prostheses to appropriate patients. An orthosis is fitted onto a body part that exists, while a prosthesis is something that is used as a replacement for a body part that's missing
- Practitioner Psychologists – They are involved in the study of behaviour, the mind and people from a scientific point of view. They try to understand how mental functions come into play in social behaviour and individuals.
- Physiotherapists – They deal with the movement and function of people and help them to achieve their full potential on a physical level. They approach issues and problems from a physical point of view and restore, maintain and promote well-being.
- Paramedics – They provide specialist treatment and care to injured or acutely ill patients and can carry out some surgical techniques and administer drugs.
- Orthoptists – They specialise in the diagnosis and treatment of visual conditions concerning the alignment and movement of the eyes.
- Operating Department Practitioners – They provide skilled support and care for individuals alongside their nursing and medical colleagues throughout the anaesthetic, surgical and recovery stages of surgery.
- Occupational Therapists – They use various activities to reduce the effects of disabilities, while promoting the independence in all areas of their life.
- Hearing Aid Dispensers – They work in private practices assessing, fitting and providing aftercare hearing aids.
- Dietitians – They treat medical conditions by using nutritional science to devise special eating plans for their patients. They help encourage positive changes in choices of food and promote better health in general.
- Clinical Scientists – They oversee special tests for the diagnosis and management of different diseases. They provide doctors with advice on tests and interpretation of data and carry out research into understanding diseases better.
- Podiatrists/Chiropodists – Podiatrists and Chiropodists carry out diagnosis and treatment on deformities, diseases and disorders related to feet.
- Biomedical Scientists – They analysis specimens from their patients in order to provide data to enable doctors to effectively diagnose and treat diseases
- Arts Therapists – They are psychological therapists who have arts-based experience and training in various psychological interventions making use of art, music or drama as their main communication mode.
Each of the above professions have at least one or more designated titles that are legally protected, for instance, dietitian and physiotherapist. Anyone working using one of the titles above must be registered with the Council. If anyone is practising one of the above professions and misusing a designated title is actually breaking the law and could be prosecuted.
Vision and Aims of the HCPC
The HCPC operates with the view to meeting the following main aims:
- Keeping a public register of members who are qualified to practise using the professional titles listed above.
- Approve and uphold high standards of training and education, and continued good practice.
- Carrying out investigations into complaints and, when necessary, taking the appropriate action
- Working alongside members of the public and a full range of different groups, including various professional bodies
- Promoting full awareness and understanding of what the Council aims to do.
Values of the HCPC
The core values that underpin the work of the HCPC are:
- High Quality Service
- Value for Money
What They Do
The aim of the HCPC ensures that the law is upheld and members of the general public are fully protected against being misled thinking that an individual is a fully registered individual when the fact is that they aren't. If they receive information that suggests the title being used by an individual is being misused, they will contact the relevant 3rd party or person (or even both), properly explain the legal implications and explain that they should not be misusing that title. If they have evidence that an offence has been committed, they could send a notice telling them to cease and desist, outlining the actions they could take if the individual or 3rd party does not stop.
Generally, the individual or 3rd party is actually unaware of their law, or they have made a mistake. The HCPC takes this onboard and appreciates it and as long as they stop using the title, they will not proceed with any further action.


Art, mythological art, women of mythology
The Sleep of Venus and Cupid by Constance Mayer
Constance Mayer was a French artist who painted portraits, miniatures, genre works and allegorical themes. Mayer was one of the successful women artists following the French Revolution. She had the opportunity to study with Joseph-Benoît Suvée and Jean-Baptiste Greuze, it explains that she adopted soft brush strokes and that she painted some sentimental scenes like her instructors.
In 1802 she began to study with Pierre-Paul Prud'hon; however, they did not have the typical pupil-master relationship, they were more like peers. After 1804 her works were very influenced by Prud'hon.
The Painting
The Sleep of Venus and Cupid by Constance Mayer (1806)
Venus as the goddess of love and sexuality became a popular subject of art during the Renaissance in Europe; since she was a classical figure for whom nudity was the natural state, it was socially acceptable to depict her unclothed and it was allowed a certain degree of erotic beauty in the depiction too.
This painting is today part of the Wallace Collection (London). It was property of the Empress Josephine at Malmaison before being brought by the fourth Marquess of Hertford in 1856. The Marquess lived in Paris during a very important period of French painting, between the years _PHONE_. Analysing his purchases, in general, they reflected the taste of a regular visitor of the annual Salon.
The torch of Venus by Pierre-Paul Prud'hon
It follows a previous drawing of Prud'hon, however Mayer's style, by that time, was very influenced by her teacher. Here the use of atmospheric sfumato and the profusion of putti is inspired in Corregio and Albani, some of Prud'hon's favourites.
It is the subject of the awakening of love, which in here was complemented by The torch of Venus by Prud'hon as a symbol of 'Constancy in Love'.
As in many other cases of women artists who were associated with better known male artists, some of her works were in a first moment attributed to Prud'hon and until today is not completely clear exactly what was hers and what was his. This confusion is especially due to fact that they collaborated on several works (he sketched and she made the painting). That is the case of this painting in particular, which was initially attributed to Prud'hon.


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Runtime Verification audits Blockswap's Stakehouse protocol
Runtime Verification is thrilled to announce Blockswap's Stakehouse protocol audit completion. Stakehouse is a programmable staking layer allowing users to register a consensus layer validator and mint tokens representing the validator's balance. The user's initial stake is minted partly as dETH, with more being minted when the validator earns rewards, and partly as SLOT, which represent management rights of the validator and carry risk of being slashed if the validator is penalized.
The audit scope covers the Solidity source code of Blockswap labs — Stakehouse protocol smart contracts. Some of the main functionalities implemented in the contracts consist of:
- Registering a KNOT (a validator in the protocol).
- Reporting an increase in a KNOT's balance in the Beacon Chain due to validator rewards or a decrease due to penalties (and minting or slashing the corresponding tokens).
- Moving a KNOT between indices.
- Withdrawing or depositing dETH into the open index.
- Topping up SLOT that has been slashed by paying ETH.
- Recovering a KNOT's signing key.
- Rage-quitting a KNOT, enabling the staked ETH for withdrawal.
A detailed explanation of the different functionalities just mentioned can be found in Blockswap's documentation.
Due to limited time and the extensive list of contracts covered, the core contracts were prioritized during the audit process following discussions with the Blockswap team. A detailed list of all the audited contracts can be found in the report.
The audit only covered Solidity source code contracts and it excluded any deployment and upgrade scripts, off-chain codebase and client-side portions of the codebase, as well as the security of the cryptography underlying the Common Interest Protocol used to recover the signing key.
Runtime Verification conducted a combination of design review and manual code review for a period of 11 weeks, and published a detailed report on March 27th, 2022.
The first step consisted of using a Solidity-like pseudocode to build a high-level model of key parts of the protocol. This model was used to get a better understanding of the protocol and its behavior based on the documentation and other resources provided by the Blockswap team, and to make it easier to observe how different operations would modify the protocol's state and which properties should hold during the protocol's operation.
A manual code review was then performed to identify scenarios where the code didn't function in the way the model expected it to, as well as to look for common security vulnerabilities.
Working together with the Blockswap team, certain aspects of the protocol which were of particular concern were singled out, and a pen-and-paper analysis was carried out to identify issues and potential risks in implementation. Additionally, a series of changes were proposed that could lead to an improvement of the protocol's performance and security in certain areas.
Finally, various tools were run against the code to analyze certain parts of the protocol, aiming to either identify scenarios where desirable properties of the protocol were violated or develop confidence that these properties were maintained. When it was not practical to run these tools on the code itself, they were run on a modified version of the high-level model.
The audit identified and highlighted some issues along with a number of informative findings. The Blockswap team addressed all the issues and concerns raised during the audit and incorporated all the necessary changes in the smart contracts. Code changes were not part of the scope; however, the team conducted a lightweight best-effort review of a limited number of changes.
Users interested in a more detailed and technical explanation about the findings can go over the full report in our GitHub repository.
Blockswap is a permissionless web3 infrastructure layer for multichain composable ETH. This ETH is superfluid, doesn't require an intermediary, doesn't require a bridge, is capital efficient, and provides yield singularity with native blockchain cryptographic security. Multichain composable ETH is a new primitive for interoperability between blockchains, L2/rollups, and end users. Blockswap's protocols introduce the new standard of tooling to build multichain and yield capturing protocols.
About Runtime Verification
Runtime Verification is a technology startup based in Champaign-Urbana, Illinois. The company uses formal methods to perform security audits on virtual machines and smart contracts on public blockchains. It also provides software testing, verification services and products to improve the safety, reliability, and correctness of software systems in the blockchain field.


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|Luca Bedogni||University of Bologna, Italy|
|Marco Fiore||National Research Council of Italy, Italy|
|Christian Glacet||National Research Council of Italy, Italy|
Upcoming mobile network technologies developed in the context of 5G and DSRC are expected to finally legitimize direct data transfers among vehicles as a standard communication paradigm. We investigate fundamental properties of the topology of vehicular networks built on top of these emerging vehicle-to-vehicle communication technologies. Our study yields multiple elements of originality: (i) it addresses temporal connectivity, which has been poorly investigated despite a high relevance for vehicular network operations; (ii) it introduces exact but computationally efficient models of the temporal connectivity of vehicular networks; (iii) it evaluates the proposed models in urban settings that exhibit an unprecedented combination of dependability, scale and generality of vehicular mobility. This approach lets us unveil an apparent scale-and city-invariant law of temporal reachability in vehicular networks. Finally, we open our original scenarios to the research community, so as to ensure reproducibility of our results and foster further investigations of vehicular network performance.


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On families of categorial grammars of bounded value, their learnability and related complexity questions
Full recordShow full item record
AbstractIn previous work, the learnability of several parameterized families of categorial grammar classes was studied. These classes were shown to be learnable in the technical sense of identifiability in the limit from positive data. They are defined in terms of bounds on parameters of the grammars which intuitively correspond to restrictions on linguistic aspects, such as the amount of lexical ambiguity. The time complexity of learning these classes has been studied. It was shown that, for most of these classes, selecting a grammar from the class that is consistent with given data is NP-hard. In this paper existing complexity results are sharpened by demonstrating W-hardness. Additionally, parameters are defined that allow FPT-results; roughly, this implies that if these parameters are fixed, these problems become tractable. We also define the new family Gk-sum-val , which is natural from the viewpoints of Parameterized Complexity, a flourishing area of Complexity Theory, and from Descriptional Complexity, a sub-area of Formal Language Theory. We prove its learnability, analyze its relation to other classes from the literature and prove a hierarchy theorem. This approach is then generalized to a parameterized family defined in terms of a bound on the descriptional complexity expressed as a Hölder norm. We show that both the hierarchy result and the property of finite elasticity (and thus learnability) are preserved under this generalization.


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The existential void in learning: Juxtaposing mathematics and literature
The University of Montana
Ottawa Township High School, IL
In this chapter unusual relations between mathematics and literature are examined in the context of a number theory problem and contemporary literary work. Lakatosí proofs and refutations is employed as a methodology for the purposes of classroom implementation.
Keywords: interdisciplinarity; proofs and refutations; philosophy of learning
AMS Subject Classification: 97
Pdf: Preprint of chapter to appear in B. Sriraman, V. Freiman & N. Lirette-Pitre (Eds). Interdisciplinarity, Creativity and Learning. Information Age Publishing, Charlotte, NC.


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When a bakery found an important part of its cake-icing equipment had been discontinued, it could have caused a major problem. But Freed's Bakery, based in New Hampshire, got in touch with 3-Dimensional Services and got a replacement part 3D printed, instead.
The bakery uses an industrial icing machine, which has a two-colour part that dispenses just the right amount of two different colours of icing onto each of their cupcakes. But the part was beginning to show its age, and the supplier had stopped making them, so 3D printing was the next obvious answer.
First, 3-Dimensional Services had to create a CAD file for the part, since it's not something that many people on Thingiverse tend to make models of. But during the design process, the bakery realised something. Using 3D modelling and printing techniques, they could actually improve their machinery tool, rather than just repairing it. The 3D printing company set to work, changing bits and pieces of the icing machinery - making it lighter, more flexible, and fixing the occasional leakage problem.
Thanks to the quick turnaround of the 3D printed equipment, there was no interruption in the supply of cupcakes with two-toned icing, which means we can all sleep soundly tonight.


Values for PiDigits are as follows:
 - Sample Mean : 4.53480000000000
 - Sample Standard Deviation : 2.86733906028871
As we can see in the table 13 the results from SPSS 12.0 match the certified values provided by NIST. Therefore our LREs for mean and standard deviation are \lambda_\mu: 15, \lambda_\delta: 15. In version 7.5 LRE values were \lambda_\mu: 14.7, \lambda_\delta: 15. (McCullough,1998)
Difficulty: Average
Second dataset is NumAcc3 with average difficulty from NIST datasets for univariate statistics. Certified Values for NumAcc3 are as follows:
 - Sample Mean : _PHONE_.2
 - Sample Standard Deviation : 0.1
In the table 14 we can see that calculated mean value is the same with the certified value by NIST. Therefore our LREs for mean is \lambda_\mu: 15. However the standard deviation value differs from the certified value. So the calculation of LRE for standard deviation is as follows:
\lambda_\delta : -log10 |0,10000000003464-0,1|/|0,1| = 9.5
LREs for SPSS v 7.5 were \lambda_\mu: 15, \lambda_\delta: 9.5. (McCullough,1998)
Difficulty: High
Last dataset in univariate statistics is NumAcc4 with high level of difficulty. Certified Values for NumAcc4 are as follows:
 - Sample Mean : _PHONE_.2
 - Sample Standard Deviation : 0.1
Also for this dataset we do not have any problems with computed mean value. Therefore LRE is \lambda_\mu: 15. However the standard deviation value does not match to the certified one. So we should calculate the LRE for standard deviation as follows:
\lambda_\delta : -log10 |0,10000000056078-0,1|/|0,1| = 8.3
LREs for SPSS v 7.5 were \lambda_\mu: 15, \lambda_\delta : 8.3 (McCullough,1998)
For this part of our test we can say that there is no difference between two versions of SPSS. For average and high difficulty datasets delivered standard deviation results have still an average accuracy.
Analysis of Variance[edit]
Difficulty: Low
The dataset which we used for testing SPSS 12.0 regarding lower difficulty level problems is SiRstv. Certified F Statistic for SiRstv is 1.18046237440255E+00
 - LRE : \lambda_F: -log10 | 1,18046237440224- 1,18046237440255|/ |1,18046237440255| = 12,58
 - LRE for SPSS v 7.5 : \lambda_F : 9,6 (McCullough, 1998)
Difficulty: Average
Our dataset for average difficulty problems is AtmWtAg . Certified F statistic value for AtmWtAg is 1.59467335677930E+01.
 - LREs : \lambda_F : -log10 | 15,9467336134506- 15,9467335677930|/| 15,9467335677930| = 8,5
 - LREs for SPSS v 7.5 : \lambda_F: miss
Difficulty: High
We used the dataset SmnLsg07 in order to test high level difficulty problems. Certified F value for SmnLsg07 is 2.10000000000000E+01
 - LREs : \lambda_F : -log10 | 21,0381922055595 - 21|/| 21| = 2,7
 - LREs for SPSS v 7.5 : \lambda_F: 0
ANOVA results computed in version 12.0 are better than those calculated in version 7.5. However the accuracy degrees are still too low.
Linear Regression[edit]
Difficulty: Low
Our lower level difficulty dataset is Norris for linear regression. Certified values for Norris are as follows:
 - Sample Residual Sum of Squares : 26.6173985294224
 - Table 17: Coefficient estimates for Norris(_URL_)
 - LREs : \lambda_r : 9,9 \lambda_\beta : 12,3 \lambda_\sigma : 10,2
 - LREs for SPSS v 7.5 : \lambda_r: 9,9 , \lambda_\beta : 12,3 , \lambda_\sigma : 10,2 (McCullough, 1998)
Difficulty: Average
We used the dataset NoInt1 in order to test the performance in average difficulty dataset. Regression model is as follows:
y = B1*x + e
Certified Values for NoInt1 :
 - Sample Residual Sum of Squares : 127,272727272727
 - Coefficient estimate : 2.07438016528926, standard deviation : 0.16528925619834E-0(_URL_)
 - LREs: \lambda_r:12,8 \lambda_\beta: 15 \lambda_\sigma: 12,9
 - LREs for SPSS v. 7.5 : \lambda_r: 12,8 , \lambda_\beta: 14,7 , \lambda_\sigma: 12,5 (McCullough, 1998)
Difficulty: High
Our high level difficulty dataset is Longley designed by NIST.
 - Model: y =B0+B1*x1 + B2*x2 + B3*x3 + B4*x4 + B5*x5 + B6*x6 +e
 - LREs :
 - \lambda_r: -log10 |836424,055505842-836424,055505915|/ |836424,055505915| = 13,1
 - \lambda_\beta : 15
 - \lambda_\sigma : -log10 | 0,16528925619836E-01 – 0,16528925619834E-01|/ |0,16528925619834E-01| = 12,9
 - LREs for SPSS v. 7.5 : \lambda_r: 12,8 , \lambda_\beta : 14,7 , \lambda_\sigma : 12,5 (McCullough, 1998)
As we conclude from the computed LREs, there is no big difference between the results of two versions for linear regression.
Conclusion[edit]
By applying these test we try to find out whether the software are reliable and deliver accurate results or not. However based on the results we can say that different software packages deliver different results for same the problem which can lead us to wrong interpretations for statistical research questions.
In specific we can that SAS, SPSS and S-Plus can solve the linear regression problems better in comparision to ANOVA Problems. All three of them deliver poor results for F statistic calculation.
From the results of comparison two different versions of SPSS we can conclude that the difference between the accuracy of the results delivered by SPSS v.12 and v.7.5 is not great considering the difference between the version numbers. On the other hand SPSS v.12 can handle the ANOVA Problems much better than old version. However it has still problems in higher difficulty problems.
References[edit]
 - McCullough, B.D. 1998, 'Assessing The Reliability of Ststistical Software: Part I',The American Statistician, Vol.52, No.4, pp.358-366.
 - McCullough, B.D. 1999, 'Assessing The Reliability of Ststistical Software: Part II', The American Statistician, Vol.53, No.2, pp.149-159
 - Sawitzki, G. 1994, 'Testing Numerical Reliability of Data Analysis Systems', Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Vol.18, No.2, pp.269-286
 - Wilkinson, L. 1993, 'Practical Guidelines for Testing Statistical Software' in 25th Conference on Statistical Computing at Schloss Reisenburg, ed. P. Dirschedl& R. Ostermnann, Physica Verlag
 - National Institute of Standards and Technology. (1 September 2000). The Statistical Reference Datasets: Archives, [Online], Available from: <_URL_ [10 November 2005].
Numerics in Excel[edit]
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the accuracy of MS Excel in terms of statistical procedures and to conclude whether the MS Excel should be used for (statistical) scientific purposes or not. The evaulation is made for Excel versions 97, 2000, XP and 2003.
According to the literature, there are three main problematic areas for Excel if it is used for statistical calculations. These are
 - probability distributions,
 - univariate statistics, ANOVA and Estimations (both linear and non-linear)
 - random number generation.
If the results of statistical packages are assessed, one should take into account that the acceptable accuracy of the results should be achieved in double precision (which means that a result is accepted as accurate if it possesses 15 accurate digits) given that the reliable algorithms are


August 03, 2015
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Fatwa allow Syrians to eat cats, dogs to survive starvation
By Ghanizada - Tue Oct 15 2013, 9:36 pm
Syria-conflictReligious clerics in Syria have issued a new ruling (Fatwa) which allows tens of thousands of Syrians suffering from starvation, to eat meat that is normally forbidden.
The besieged Syrians were allowed in the new ruling (Fatwa) to eat cats, dogs and donkeys in a bid to survive from starvation.
The evidence of starvation of tens of thousands of people emerged after Syrian Arab Red Crescent evacuated women, children and elderly men from the rebel-held area of Moaddamiyah, where they had been surrounded for nearly 10 months.
In the meantime the syrian oppposition released video footage purporting to be from Moaddamiyah which shows besieged Syrians starving to death.
Moaddamiyah is one of at least five areas in Syria that are besieged either by regime forces or by rebels trying to overthrow Assad.
The religious ruling (Fatwa) was issued on the ocassion of Eid al-Adha, which authorizes the besieged Syrians in the Ghouta agricultural belt around Damascus to eat animals usually considered unfit for human consumption in Islam.
The clerics also warned that the living would have to eat the dead, if the situation continued to deteriorate.
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