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Frugivore diet?
A frugivore diet is a diet that primarily consists of fruit. Fruits are a great source of essential vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and fiber. They are also low in calories and fat. A frugivore diet can help you lose weight, improve your heart health, and reduce your risk of developing chronic diseases.
A frugivore diet is a diet which is mostly or entirely fruits and other plant foods.
Is a frugivore diet healthy?
A diet that almost solely relies on fruits will be deficient in nutrients, including protein, iron, calcium, vitamin B (including vitamin B12) and D, zinc and omega-3 fatty acids. While most fruit is considered to be healthy and nutritious, it is important to eat a variety of foods to ensure that you are getting all the nutrients your body needs.
A fruitarian is someone who mostly eats fruit. To be a fruitarian, at least half of your calories must come from raw fruit, such as bananas, papayas, grapes, apples, and berries. Usually, the other 25% to 50% of calories come from nuts, seeds, vegetables, and whole grains. Strict fruitarians, however, may eat up to 90% fruit and just 10% nuts and seeds.
Are humans naturally frugivores
There is a lot of debate surrounding the topic of frugivores, or animals that primarily eat fruit. Some people argue that there is no such thing as a true frugivore, because even monkeys that appear to only eat fruit are actually getting a significant percentage of their calories from the bugs in the fruit. Others argue that frugivores do exist, and that humans actually evolved from hunting large animals. The debate is ongoing, but the preponderance of evidence seems to indicate that humans did in fact evolve from hunting large animals.
Frugivores are animals that eat fruit. They can benefit fruit-producing plants by dispersing their seeds through digestion. When the frugivore eats the fruit, the seeds are also ingested. The frugivore then defecates the seeds, which results in seed dispersal. The frugivore may also destroy the seeds through digestion, which would hinder the fruit-producing plant.
See also Is dominos pizza crust vegan?
What 2 foods can you survive on?
Rice and beans are both excellent choices for survival food due to their low cost and long shelf life. rice can be stored for over 10 years, and beans have a complete nutritional profile.
There is no doubt that prehistoric humans were super-predators. Their diet in the Pleistocene was mainly based on meat. However, there are some bizarre theories on the web about human evolution that would like our ancestors to be frugivores. For science, these theories are not supported by evidence.
What famous people are fruitarians?
There are a number of notable people who have advocated for a fruitarian diet, or a diet that includes mostly fruit. Some of these people include Otto Abramowski, an Australian naturopath, and Idi Amin, the Ugandan military dictator who became a fruitarian while exiled in Saudi Arabia. Sidney Hatcher, an American natural hygienist, is also a notable advocate of fruitarianism, and wrote a book on the subject titled "Fruitarianism: A Revolution in Diet and Life".
There are three main types of diets: carnivores, who rely solely on meat for sustenance; herbivores, who get their sustenance from plants; and omnivores, who subsist on a combination of both plant and animal products. Frugivores, who primarily subsist on fruit, falls under the herbivore category.
What are the symptoms of fruitarian detox
You may experience some detox symptoms as your body adjusts to the change. These can include nausea, dizziness, headaches, fatigue, body aches and irritability. If you do experience any of these symptoms, try to rest and drink plenty of fluids. They should pass within a few days.
If you want to eat like our ancestors, you should base your diet on nuts, vegetables, fruit, and legumes. These foods are healthy for both humans and animals, and they are also environmentally friendly.
Where do fruitarians get their protein?
Protein is an essential nutrient for the human body. It is required for the growth and repair of tissues, and for the production of hormones and enzymes. The average person needs about 0.36 grams of protein per pound of body weight per day.
Fruitarians, people who only eat fruit, may have a hard time getting enough protein. This is because fruit does not contain a lot of protein. Nuts, seeds, and grains are good sources of protein for fruitarians. Eggs, beans, and steak are also good sources of protein.
See also How many vegetarians are in the us?
Frugivorous animals need to consume more food than they normally would in order to maintain a protein balance on a commonly protein-deficient fruit diet. Because their food (fruit) is protein poor, they need to acquire protein either somewhere else or overeat to achieve this balance. Thus, if maintaining a frugivorous diet, they must be sure to consume enough food to meet their increased protein needs.
Are humans naturally frugivores or omnivores
Based on the above evidence, it can be concluded that humans are naturally omnivores and are adapted to an omnivorous diet. However, a meat-free diet is a conscious choice made essentially for ecological, ethical, and health concerns.
Fruit-eaters tend to have relatively larger incisors and molars, with low, rounded "cusps" or bumps. Leaf-eaters, on the other hand, tend to have smaller incisors and molars with sharp, pointy cusps and elongated shearing crests. The difference in tooth type is likely due to the different diets of these two groups of animals – fruits are softer and require less chewing than leaves, which are tougher and need to be sheared.
Do frugivores drink water?
There are many birds that drink water regularly, but there are also a few species that can get all the water they need from their food. These birds are usually small and xerophilic, which means they can survive in dry conditions.
Soup is one of the best survival foods because it is so versatile. With just a few basic ingredients, soup can provide a filling, nutritious meal. Soup is also easy to make, and can be made in large batches ahead of time. This makes it an ideal food to have on hand in case of an emergency.
Is there a single food that you can survive on forever
While the traditional white potato does contain all the essential amino acids needed for protein synthesis, cell repair, and disease prevention, it is lacking in many vitamins and minerals. If you were to sustain yourself on white potatoes alone, you would eventually develop deficiencies in these essential nutrients.
Spinach is a highly nutritious leafy green vegetable that provides numerous health benefits. It is an excellent source of vitamins and minerals, including vitamins A, C, and K, and folate. Spinach is also a good source of iron and magnesium. Eating spinach regularly can help improve your health in many ways, including improving your digestion and reducing your risk of numerous diseases.
See also Wawa garlic knots?
Are humans supposed to eat mostly fruit
A fruit diet is mostly raw fruit with some nuts, seeds, vegetables, and grains. Fruit is an excellent source of vitamins, antioxidants, and fiber but eating a diet made up mostly of fruit can result in nutrient deficiencies and serious health problems.
A diet that only consists of fruit will be lacking in many essential nutrients. While fruit is healthy and nutritious, it does not provide all the nutrients our body needs to function properly. This diet would be lacking in protein, iron, calcium, vitamin B (including vitamin B12) and D, zinc and omega-3 fatty acids.
Which ancestors of humans only eat fruit
The term 'Australopithecus' is used to refer to a group of extinct hominids that includes some of the earliest human ancestors. The name 'Australopithecus' comes from the Latin word 'australis', meaning 'southern', and the Greek word 'pithekos', meaning 'ape'.
Australopithecus species are thought to have first appeared in Africa around four million years ago, and to have gone extinct around one million years ago. The most famous member of the Australopithecus group is 'Lucy', a partial skeleton of an Australopithecus afarensis female that was discovered in Ethiopia in 1974.
It's interesting that despite eating a high sugar diet, these people believe that the fiber from the fruit leaves their mouths clean. I can see how the fiber would help to some extent, but I'm doubtful that it would be enough to completely offset the effects of all that sugar. I'm also curious about their dental hygiene habits – if they don't brush their teeth, how do they keep their mouths clean?
Conclusion
A frugivore diet consists primarily of fruit. This includes both wild fruits and cultivated fruits. The diet may also include other plant matter, such as leaves, stems, and flowers.
A frugivore diet is one that is mainly comprised of fruits and vegetables. This type of diet has many health benefits, including reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, stroke, and cancer. Fruits and


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DNA adduct formation by 12 chemicals with populations potentially suitable for molecular epidemiological studies.
DNA adduct formation, route of absorption, metabolism and chemistry of 12 hazardous chemicals are reviewed. Methods for adduct detection are also reviewed and approaches to sensitivity and specificity are identified. The selection of these 12 chemicals from the Environmental Protection Agency list of genotoxic chemicals was based on the availability of information and on the availability of populations potentially suitable for molecular epidemiological study. The 12 chemicals include ethylene oxide, styrene, vinyl chloride, epichlorohydrin, propylene oxide, 4,4'-methylenebis-2-chloroaniline, benzidine, benzidine dyes (Direct Blue 6, Direct Black 38 and Direct Brown 95), acrylonitrile and benzyl chloride. While some of these chemicals (styrene and benzyl chloride, possibly Direct Blue 6) give rise to unique DNA adducts, others do not. Potentially confounding factors include mixed exposures in the work place, as well the formation of common DNA adducts. Additional research needs are identified.
Uziel, M; Munro, NB; Katz, DS; Vo-Dinh, T; Zeighami, EA; Waters, MD; Griffith, JD
Volume / Issue
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source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Airports Arrive at Savings Through LED Luminaires
Energy is most often the second-largest operating expense at an airport, exceeded only by personnel. As energy costs increase, airport operations and maintenance costs increase, too. Airport facility managers are under tremendous pressure to reduce operational costs to help lower the bottom line for their airline tenants.
Fortunately, energy use is a controllable operating expense; by prudent, energy efficiency investments, airports can readily reduce operating costs from 10% to 30% annually.
Some of the largest airports are aggressively implementing "green" measures to save energy costs and to generate favorable impressions among travelers. One key to making day-to-day operations more energy efficient and more sustainable is through the installation of exterior LED luminaires.
For example, Spokane International Airport (SIA), the Airport Business Park and Felts Field Airport are owned by the city and county of Spokane, WA. The Spokane Airport Board operates and maintains them.
SIA, its website also says, is a 4,800-acre commercial service airport served by six airlines and two air cargo carriers. It is the second-largest airport in the state (after Seattle-Tacoma) and recognized by the FAA as a small hub.
Like many organizations and businesses, the Spokane Airport Board looks for ways to reduce energy consumption and costs, and to lessen maintenance expenses. After a two-year evaluation process, a two-phase lighting improvement project in SIA's South Parking Garage was recently completed.
The project involved installation of 425 LED luminaires in the five-floor structure, which was built more than 30 years ago.
Phase I included running conduit, wiring and a control system to prepare the garage for Phase II of installing the new lights.
In a one-for-one replacement, 425 150W high-pressure-sodium (HPS) fixtures were retrofit with 80W LED luminaires. These fixtures are designed to have dramatically greater output than the previously installed HPS lights and produce a brighter, whiter light, making it easier for travelers to see their cars and feel safer at night.
The LED luminaires selected were particularly advantageous with this parking structure's low ceiling heights, because they don't produce any glare – a challenge with the previous HPS fixtures and many of the LED lights currently on the market. Additionally, during the two-year evaluation process, the photometrics of these luminaires were shown to be superior to the others tested.
"Reducing maintenance time and expenses was a driving force for this project," said Ken Landrus, SIA facility maintenance supervisor. "We used to spend up to 16 hours each month changing this garage's bulbs and ballasts on the HPS fixtures. Now it may be 10 years before we have to do anything to these LED lights."
Landrus and the Spokane Airport Board are reportedly also pleased with the eight-year payback, $45,000 rebate from Avista Utilities, and the anticipated $20,000 in annual energy savings with the LED luminaires. They are so confident and impressed with this technology, they say, that all new lighting projects will be retrofitted with LED luminaires, when possible.
Airports are energy-intensive operations that can considerably lower costs by investing in energy efficient, virtually maintenance-free technologies; lighting is the largest opportunity to address those issues. Long operating hours means lights might be on nearly all of the time, providing an excellent return-on-investment in LED lighting.
Contact Mark Bolton, a Regional Sales Manager with Kenall Manufacturing lighting solutions, at _EMAIL_.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Will Shared Decision Making Between Patients with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain and Physiotherapists, Osteopaths and Chiropractors Improve Patient Care?
SOURCE: Fam Pract. 2012 (Apr); 29 (2): 203–212
S Parsons, G Harding, A Breen, N Foster,
T Pincus, S Vogel and M Underwood
Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology,
School of Public Health,
Imperial College School of Medicine,
Imperial College London,
BACKGROUND: Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) is treated in primary care by a wide range of health professionals including chiropractors, osteopaths and physiotherapists.
AIMS: To explore patients and chiropractors, osteopaths and physiotherapists' beliefs about CMP and its treatment and how these beliefs influenced care seeking and ultimately the process of care.
METHODS: Depth interviews with a purposive sample of 13 CMP patients and 19 primary care health professionals (5 osteopaths, 4 chiropractors and 10 physiotherapists).
RESULTS: Patients' models of their chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) evolved throughout the course of their condition. Health professionals' models also evolved throughout the course of their treatment of patients. A key influence on patients' consulting behaviour appeared to be finding someone who would legitimate their suffering and their condition. Health professionals also recognized patients' need for legitimation but often found that attempts to explore psychological factors, which may be influencing their pain could be construed by patients as delegitimizing. Patients developed and tailored their consultation strategies throughout their illness career but not always in a strategic fashion. Health professionals also reflected on how patients' developing knowledge and changing beliefs altered their expectations. Therefore, overall within our analysis, we identified three themes: 'the evolving nature of patients and health professionals models of understanding CMP'; 'legitimating suffering' and 'development and tailoring of consultation and treatment strategies throughout patients' illness careers'.
There are more articles like this @ our:
Integrated Health Care Page and the:


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As promised yesterday, here's some another Windows 8 Education app developed in Australia.
Link Lesson Coder, is from Lucas Moffitt, who's a developer in Newcastle (the Australian version, not the English one). It's an app designed to allow teachers (or other lesson observers) to reflect up classroom practice, and then analyse those reflections later. As a teacher or lesson observer, you scale and make some notes to review your lessons, and then later download these to Excel to see how you're progressing, and where you may want to spend more time in your planning. This is a noteworthy app for a couple of extra reasons:
And Lucas's Twitter stream tells me there's more teaching and learning apps coming from him soon, especially after this tweet on Christmas Eve "..the Australian Curriculum offers json formats of the new syllabus files. I'm going to build a million apps"
Read the full list of recommended Windows 8 apps for education


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In partnership with the National District Attorney's Association, Addiction Policy Forum (APF) presents this free, on-line course about how district attorneys can contribute to solutions to the addiction crisis. The course includes material included in APF's Addiction 1010 course covering instruction on addiction and the brain, the risk and protection factors associated with an individual's likelihood of developing a substance use disorder, a discussion of the importance of language and the need to reduce stigma around addiction, an explanation of trauma and need for trauma-informed care, and a brief overview of treatment options and the need to match the intensity of treatment with an individual's severity of substance use. The course concludes with 5 actions district attorneys can take to address the addiction crisis. The course includes brief quizzes to test users understanding of the material, and concludes with a list of resources and additional reading.
Funding source: Various grants and donations
This resource was produced by an individual/organization receiving funding from sources that have a conflict of interest such as a pharmaceutical company, political action committee, or other industry-related sources. Multiple studies indicate that research performed by individuals with relationships to industry and research funded by industry sources are more likely to favor the sponsor's products. Industry funding of charities and non-profit organizations has also been linked to groups supporting industry-favorable positions. For more information, please visit the CLOUD 101 page.
A free on-line education course with educational materials and information about how district attorneys can work to address the addiction crisis from APF and the National District Attorney's Association.


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My 6 (almost 7!!) year old is fascinated with sharks! Like completely enthralled with these sea creatures!! Thank goodness he has been raised on an island where a variety of sharks are in the plenty.
He thoroughly enjoyed making this paper plate shark visor. It was simple enough that he made it independently and it has to do with sharks…what could be better for him?!
You will need: paper plate, scissors, hole puncher, yarn, markers, glue, and construction paper.
1. Cut a paper plate in half.
2. Using the construction paper, cut small triangles for the teeth.
3. Decorate the top of the paper plate (shark's face) with markers (crayons, colored pencils, etc.).
4. Glue the small triangles (shark's teeth) on the bottom of the paper plate.
5. Punch 2 holes at the top of the plate (by the shark's eyes).
6. Tie the yarn in both holes large enough to fit around your child's head.
7. Have your little one go sport their new, one-of-a-kind paper plate shark visor! Have fin!! 🙂
Some of our personal favorite shark books and toys include:
This post contains affiliate links. Letters In The Sand will receive a small commission from any purchases you make from these links at no additional cost to you. Thank you for your support.


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You are missing some Flash content that should appear here! Perhaps your browser cannot display it, or maybe it did not initialize correctly.
Download the zip file for more information about this lesson:
Note: This hack was recorded live at EdCampNYC on May 5th, 2012 as part of the Model It! Science Inquiry Lesson Slam.Teacher notes, student notes outline, and practice sheets for implementing this lesson
Modeling Friction Through Inquiry in a Physics First class
Problem of practice
Cast your vote

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Accommodation in Pilgrims Rest, Mpumalanga
|South Africa >> Mpumalanga >> Pilgrims Rest|
|Displaying records 1 to 3 of 3 found|
|Crystal Springs Mountain Lodge||Pilgrims Rest||Hotel / Lodge|
|Mount Sheba Hotel||Pilgrims Rest||Hotel / Lodge|
|Royal Hotel Pilgrim's Rest||Pilgrims Rest||Hotel / Lodge|
The conservation of Pilgrim's Rest as a cultural and historic asset began in 1974 when the provincial government purchased the village. In 1986 the village of Pilgrim's Rest and the farm Ponieskrantz, on which the village is situated, was declared a National Monument. Today a dedicated group of historians and interest groups continue to work towards the further restoration of the village to increasingly provide a better insight into the history of the area. The village is divided into two distinct areas - Up Town and Down Town. The Pilgrim's Rest Information Office and the Ticket Office in the Up Town sector offer tourist information and guided tours to three museums; the Diggings, the Reduction Works and Allanglade House.
DREDZEN SHOP AND HOUSE MUSEUM
The devaluation of the British pound in 1932 caused a sharp rise in the gold price which stimulated the economic growth of the village and the area. Apart from the usual butcheries, bakeries and blacksmiths, in the 1930's there were 16 general dealer stores located in Pilgrim's Rest. In the 1940's mine production dropped sharply which had a serious effect on the village community and many establishments were forced to close. The Dredzen Shop Museum is representative of the typical general dealer of the period 1930 to 1950. The articles displayed are a selection taken from a 20 year period and were not therefore, all available throughout that period. It is, however, interesting to note how little some of the goods and packaging have changed through the years. The home and life style of the post Second World War era has been reconstructed in the store owner's residence, adjoining the shop. Articles and furniture on display represent a typical middle class home of the period in Pilgrim's Rest. The house museums of Pilgrim's Rest portray the development of interiors at other village sites: The House Museum (1900 - 1915), Allanglade (1915 - 1930) and the Dredzen House Museum (1930 - 1950)
THE HOUSE MUSEUM
The House Museum is a fine example of wood and corrugated iron architecture which is typical of Pilgrim's Rest. The house was built in 1913 for a dr. W. Secomb. During the 1930's the house was occupied by Mr. Blaine, a lawyer. In 1976 the house was restored and furnished to characterise a middle class home of the early 20th century. The museum emphasises late Victorian styles in the decor and furnishings. In the living room are two upholstered chairs, without arm rests, specifically designed to accommodate ladies with wide Victorian skirts. The use of linoleum on the floors and the numerous pictures and embroidered verses on the walls are typical of this period. Flagged stone pathways and rectangular flower beds are prominent elements found in a Victorian garden. The Dutch oven at the back of the house was used daily for baking bread. The characteristic ornateness of this era is moderately expressed in the house and garden, bearing in mind the rural nature of the surroundings.
THE PRINTING MUSEUM
The first locally printed newspaper circulated on the Pilgrim's Rest gold fields was the GOLD NEWS of 24 January 1874. Shortly thereafter it was published by an Irishman, W. J. Phelan who became the new editor. Phelan changed the newspaper's name to GOLDFIELDS MERCURY. In 1910 the first PILGRIM'S REST AND SABIE NEWS was published with T. W. S. Craig as the editor. It was published every Saturday at a cost of sixpence, or one pound for a one year subscription. In 1911 Craig suspended publication of the newspaper until later in the same year when the new editor, A.W. Frost, revived the newspaper. The original premises of the PILGRIM'S AND SABIE NEWS, situated between the present building and the Pilgrim's Hotel, was totally destroyed by fire at some stage between 1916 and 1919. The new building and printing works was erected at the present site.
DIGGINGS SITE MUSEUM
It is appropriate that Pilgrim's Rest should have a diggings museum to record the first gold rush in South Africa. Soon after alluvial gold was discovered in the Pilgrim's Creek, diggers from many parts of the world rushed to this valley to peg their claims and to seek their fortunes. Life on the diggings was hard and unsympathetic. The diggers worked long hours and often received little or no reward. Many of them spent their meagre gains in nearby canteens, of which there were 11 at the time when the mining boom was at its peak. There were no proper medical or sanitary facilities and the hospital was located in a large tent where diggers did voluntary service. Many diggers arrived at the gold fields suffering badly from malaria, dysentery and exposure after their arduous journey through the Lowveld. Although this was a typical community as found at gold fields elsewhere in the world, the customary lawlessness and violence was absent. Criminals were tried by a diggers committee and punished according to the seriousness of the transgression, of which claim robbing was considered the most serious. The first jail was a tent in which the convicted was placed in stocks. The tent however was soon replaced by a wattle and daub hut. For the more serious crimes, banishment from the diggings was ordered, with certain death should the convicted criminal return. By 1874 successful diggers had replaced their tents with more durable wattle and daub shanties. Prosperous storekeepers and canteen owners were able to erect structures of timber and corrugated iron. Buildings were usually no more than one large room with elementary furnishings. Beds were made of poles with canvas sheets tacked to the frames. Layers of dried grass served for mattresses. Tables and chairs were made from wooden boxes and crates in which provisions had been transported to the diggings.
THE REDUCTION WORKS MUSEUM
In 1896 the increasing production of ore necessitated the rapid establishment of a central reduction works at Pilgrim's Rest. In 1897 the first buildings were erected consisting of a stamp mill, a smelting house and office buildings. To serve the scattered mines in the area, an electric tramline was laid to convey ore from outlying mines to the central reduction works. The size of the reduction works and the tramline was something of a technical feat at a time when South Africa was technically still in its infancy. In 1902, when the war ended, mining was resumed and the reduction works reopened. This was a testing period as the recruitment of labour and difficulties with transport slowed production. However these problems were overcome and by 1910 mining in Pilgrim's Rest entered a boom period. The reduction works was expanded as gold production rose to record levels during the period of 1913 and 1914. The reduction works continued to function through to 1959 when the machinery was adapted to produce fertiliser as a by product. The reduction works closed in 1972 when the last mine at Pilgrim's Rest ceased production. In 1974 the run down corrugated iron structures were restored and opened to the public as a museum soon after. The increasing demand for electricity created by the reduction works was one of the main reasons for the construction of the Belvedere Hydroelectric power station near Bourkes Luck in 1911. At the time it was the largest power station of its kind in the southern hemisphere. Pilgrim's Rest was the second town in South Africa to be electrified, at a time when London was still making use of gas.
ALANGLADE - PERIOD HOUSE MUSEUM
Alanglade was built in 1915 by the Transvaal Gold Mining Estates to serve as the official mine manager's residence at Pilgrim's Rest. It is situated a few kilometres to the north of this historic village, on the Mpumalanga escarpment. The residence is surrounded by mountains and shady forests that , to this day, provide an atmosphere of quiet opulence and serenity. The home was occupied by several mine managers until 1972 when mining activities at Pilgrim's Rest were ceased. Alanglade is furnished with objects from the period 1900 to 1930, using its first occupants, the Barry family and the Pilgrim's Rest milieu as point of departure. The furnishings used, reflect a modern Edwardian approach and are mostly of Arts and Crafts, Art Nouveau and Art Deco stylistic origins. Architecturally, Alanglade conforms to the design essentials of early twentieth century buildings; i.e. simplicity, harmonious proportions between roof, walls and wall openings, effective use of materials and the integration of the building in its surroundings. Alanglade houses an extensive collection and is a worthwhile destination for visitors.
HISTORIC CEMETERY AND ROBBER'S GRAVE
The origin of the old cemetery is closely connected to the legend of the Robber's Grave; that of an unknown man who was caught and convicted of tent robbing on the diggings and subsequently banished. A few days after his trial, the thief was spotted on a hill, now known as Cemetery Hill, where he was shot, killed and buried. His grave was orientated north - south to brand him a thief forever. The different nationalities of those who lie buried in the cemetery reflect the cosmopolitan character of the Pilgrim's Rest gold fields. Life on the diggings was rough, with accidents and disease as the main causes of death. The unlucky Saul Sampson died of starvation and a number of out of luck diggers committed suicide. Health services on the gold fields were practically non existent. There was however a Dr. John Ashton who advertised his skills as "Surgeon, Barber and Tentmaker". This cemetery stands as a testament


Skip to definition.
Noun: package pa-kij
 1. A collection of things wrapped or boxed together
 - bundle, packet, parcel
 2. A box or collection of items wrapped for shipment
 - parcel
 - software, software program, computer software, software system, software package
Verb: package pa-kij
 1. Put into a box
 "package the gift, please";
 - box
 2. Sell different items together as a single product
 - bundle
Derived forms: packages, packaged, packaging
Type of: accumulation, aggregation, assemblage, case, code, collection, computer code, container, encase, incase
Encyclopedia: Package


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Air quality monitoring in communities of the Canadian Arctic during the high shipping season with a focus on local and marine pollution
Abstract. The Canadian Arctic has experienced decreasing sea ice extent and increasing shipping activity in recent decades. While there are economic incentives to develop resources in the north, there are environmental concerns that increasing marine traffic will contribute to declining air quality in northern communities. In an effort to characterize the relative impact of shipping on air quality in the north, two monitoring stations have been installed in Cape Dorset and Resolute, Nunavut, and have been operational since 1 June 2013. The impact of shipping and other sources of emissions on NOx, O3, SO2, BC, and PM2.5 pollution have been characterized for the 2013 shipping season from 1 June to 1 November. In addition, a high-resolution Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) for both sites was computed. Shipping consistently increased O3 mixing ratio and PM2.5 concentration. The 90% confidence interval for mean difference in O3 mixing ratio between ship- and no ship-influenced air masses were up to 4.6–4.7 ppb and 2.5–2.7 ppb for Cape Dorset and Resolute, respectively. The same intervals for PM2.5 concentrations were up to 1.8–1.9 μg m−3 and 0.5–0.6 μg m−3. Ship-influenced air masses consistently exhibited an increase of 0.1 to 0.3 in the high-resolution AQHI compared to no ship-influenced air masses. Trajectory cluster analysis in combination with ship traffic tracking provided an estimated range for percent ship contribution to NOx, O3, SO2, and PM2.5 that were 12.9–17.5 %, 16.2–18.1 %, 16.9–18.3 %, and 19.5–31.7 % for Cape Dorset and 1.0–7.2 %, 2.9–4.8 %, 5.5–10.0 %, and 6.5–7.2 % for Resolute during the 2013 shipping season. Additional measurements in Resolute suggested that percent ship contribution to black carbon was 4.3–9.8 % and that black carbon constituted 1.3–9.7 % of total PM2.5 mass in ship plumes. Continued air quality monitoring in the above sites for future shipping seasons will improve the statistics in our analysis and characterize repeating seasonal patterns in air quality due to shipping, local pollution, and long-range transport.


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A History of Style: Fashion Inspired by Josephine Baker
When you think of a fashion icon from the past, who is the first person that comes to mind? Marilyn Monroe? Audrey Hepburn? Edie Sedgwick, maybe? While all three of those females have enviable styles that we absolutely love, there are so many other fashionable ladies that have graced the history pages. This biweekly column focuses on just that: unexpected and out-of-the-box fashion icons from the past. We feature girls who have not only created an influence, but also have distinct signature types that we can still draw inspiration from nowadays.
If you haven't observed them already, be confident to check out our other "A History of Style" posts on Amelia Earhart, Billie Holiday, Joan Jett, Louise Brooks, Dorothy Dandridge, Elizabeth Taylor, Edith Head, Mary Tyler Moore, Sylvia Plath, Edith Bouvier Beale, Marlene Dietrich, Frida Kahlo, Cyndi Lauper, Isadora Duncan, Pam Grier, C. Z. Guest and Debbie Harry.
This week, we'll be taking a closer look at entertainer Josephine Baker's bold, glam and totally revolutionary sense of style. Read on to learn far more about Josephine's life and unique style, then check out some outfit tips to aid you channel her look for yourself:
five Facts About Josephine Baker
- Josephine Baker was born Freda Josephine McDonald on June 3rd, 1906 in St. Louis, Missouri. After performing in chorus lines in St. Louis and Harlem, she moved to Paris in 1925 and rapidly gained fame due to her bold dancing and brazen costumes.
- Josephine had a pet cheetah named Chiquita who she employed to take for walks along the streets of Paris. Chiquita even had a fabulous diamond-encrusted collar. (Lucky cat!)
- For the duration of Planet War II, Josephine worked as a spy for the French resistance. She relayed data overheard among German officers during her performances and exposed French officials secretly working for the Germans. It was also rumoured that she smuggled secret documents written in invisible ink on her sheet music. After the war, Josephine was awarded the Croix de guerre (the French military honor) for her service.
- Josephine was a strong supporter of the American Civil Rights Movement and racial equality. More than the course of her life, she adopted two daughters and ten sons of various nationalities and races. She referred to her household as an "experiment in brotherhood" and the "Rainbow Tribe."
- In 1975, Josephine celebrated 50 years in show enterprise with a retrospective revue in Paris. Just four days after the show, Josephine suddenly passed away due to a cerebral hemorrhage. She was the 1st American woman to receive full French military honors at her funeral.
Josephine's Style 101
- Art Deco. Josephine's success occurred alongside the rise of the Art Deco movement in Paris, so naturally, her style was influenced by that time period and vice versa. Sleek lines and geometrc shapes are the epitome of Art Deco and Josephine acted as a muse for the movement with every thing from her clothing selections to her slicked-down hairdos. Spend tribute to Josephine by rocking a few pieces of Art Deco-inspired jewelry, or attempt some fun Art Deco nail art.
- Wild side. Josephine also had a bold and entirely fearless sense of style. Who else could perform in small much more than a skirt created out of bananas (yes, bananas) and make it look great?! The next time you are wary of testing out a bold new trend, take a cue from Josephine and just go for it.
- Accessories overload. When it comes to accessories, we usually try to follow that age-old adage "less is more," but in Josephine's eyes, a lot more was definitely more. She paired ropes of pearls, door-knocker earrings and oversized cocktail rings together and always looked glamorous and not at all over-the-best. And of course, no Josephine-inspired look would be total without having an elaborate hair accessory. Attempt a turband or jeweled headpiece for a modern day day interpretation.
Outfits for Inspiration
Outfit #1: Decked Out Art Deco
Product Information: RingTarina Tarantino, NecklaceForever 21, DressModCloth, Jeweled HeadpieceUrban Outfitters, ShoesSteve Madden, EarringsBloomingdale's
Outfit _TAG_: Josephine Goes to the Beach
Product Information: SunglassesWet Seal, Bikini- H&M, TurbandNasty Gal, SarongDebenhams, SandalsBC Footwear
Outfit _TAG_: A Tribute to Chiquita
Item Info: ClutchAkira, DressASOS, HeadbandNasty Gal, EarringsForever 21, ShoesZara, BraceletModCloth
What do you consider?
Do you uncover Josephine's style inspiring? What do you think of her look? Would you put on any of these outfits? Let me know what you believe by leaving a comment below!
Incoming search terms:
- josephine baker
- جوزفين بيكر


text:
Purpose: To investigate the regional differences in low vision (LV) provision across Canada and to identify predictive factors for the provision of more extensive low vision services (LVS).
Methods: Practising optometrists across Canada were invited to participate in a questionnaire that investigated personal and practice demographics, levels of LVS offered, patterns of referrals and barriers to provision of LVS.
Results: 459 optometrists responded. Predictive factors for providing more extensive LVS included: optometrists with >15 years of practice, having a local LV optometrist/ophthalmologist within one day's travel, not having a multi-disciplinary LV clinic within one-day's travel, working in a practice in a population of <50,000, and having 2+ optometrists in the same practice. Regional differences were found in the following variables: the presence of an optometrist offering LVS within the respondent's primary practice, referral criteria, the type of LV provider receiving the referral, and the perceived quality of LVS.
Conclusions: LVS are provided differently across Canada and the availability of government-funded LVS appeared to enhance optometric referrals to multidisciplinary low vision clinics. Optometrists who were in a group practice setting, who had practiced for >15 years and who worked in a less populated area were more likely to provide more extensive LVS


rs.
routine chrs
Defined as:
sub chrs(*@codepoints) return Str:D
method chrs()
Usage:
chrs LIST
LIST.chrs
Coerces the invocant (or in the sub form, the argument list) to a list of integers, and returns the string created by interpreting each integer as a Unicode codepoint, and joining the characters.
say <80 101 114 108 32 54>.chrs; # Perl 6
This is the list-input version of chr. The inverse operation is ords.
routine split
Defined as:
multi sub split( Str:D $delimiter, Str(Cool) $input, $limit = Inf, :$k, :$v, :$kv, :$p, :$skip-empty)
multi sub split(Regex:D $delimiter, Str(Cool) $input, $limit = Inf, :$k, :$v, :$kv, :$p, :$skip-empty)
multi method split( Str:D $delimiter, $limit = Inf, :$k, :$v, :$kv, :$p, :$skip-empty)
multi method split(Regex:D $delimiter, $limit = Inf, :$k, :$v, :$kv, :$p, :$skip-empty)
Usage:
split DELIMITER, STRING, LIMIT?, [:k | :v | :kv | :p]?, :skip-empty?
split /PATTERN/, STRING, LIMIT?, [:k | :v | :kv | :p]?, :skip-empty?
STRING.split(DELIMITER, LIMIT?, [:k | :v | :kv | :p]?, :skip-empty?)
STRING.split(/PATTERN/, LIMIT?, [:k | :v | :kv | :p]?, :skip-empty?)
Coerces the invocant (or in the sub form, the second argument) to Str, and splits it into pieces based on delimiters found in the string.
If $delimiter is a string, it is searched for literally and not treated as a regex.
say split(';', "a;b;c").perl; # ("a", "b", "c").list
say split(';', "a;b;c", 2).perl; # ("a", "b;c").list
say split(';', "a;b;c,d").perl; # ("a", "b", "c,d").list
say split(/\;/, "a;b;c,d").perl; # ("a", "b", "c,d").list
say split(/<[;,]>/, "a;b;c,d").perl; # ("a", "b", "c", "d").list
By default, split omits the matches, and returns a list of only those parts of the string that did not match. Specifying one of the :k, :v, :kv, :p adverbs changes that. Think of the matches as a list that is interleaved with the non-matching parts. :v interleaves the values of that list: s say 'abc'.split(/b/, :v); # (a ｢b｣ c)
:k interleaves the keys, that is, the indexes:
say 'abc'.split(/b/, :k); # (a 0 c)
:kv adds both indexes and matches:
say 'abc'.split(/b/, :kv); # (a 0 ｢b｣ c)
You can only use one of the :k, :v, :kv, :p adverbs in a single call to split.
and :p adds them as Pairs:
say 'abc'.split(/b/, :p) # (a 0 => ｢b｣ c)
Note that unlike in Perl 5, empty chunks are not removed from the result list. For that behavior, use the ':skip-empty' named argument:
say ("f,,b,c,d".split: /","/ ).perl # ("f", "", "b", "c", "d")
say ("f,,b,c,d".split: /","/, :skip-empty).perl # ("f", "b", "c", "d")
See also: comb.
routine lines
Defined as:
sub lines(Str(Cool))
method lines()
Usage:
lines STRING
STRING.lines
Coerces the invocant (and in sub form, the argument) to Str, decomposes it into lines (with the newline characters stripped), and returns the list of lines.
say lines("a\nb\n").join('|'); # a|b
say "some\nmore\nlines".lines.elems; # 3
This method can be used as part of an IO::Path to process a file line-by-line, since IO::Path objects inherit from Cool, e.g.:
for 'huge-csv'.IO.lines -> $line {
 # Do something with $line
}
# or if you'll be processing later
my @lines = 'huge-csv'.IO.lines;
Without any arguments, sub lines operates on $*ARGFILES, which defaults to $*IN in the absence of any filenames.
To modify values in place use is copy to force a writeable container.
for $*IN.lines -> $_ is copy { s/(\w+)/{$0 ~ $0}/; .say }
method words
Defined as:
method words(Int() $limit)
Usage:
INTEGER.words(LIMIT?)
Coerces the invocant to Str, and returns a list of words that make up the string (and if $limit is supplied, only the first $limit words).
say 'The quick brown fox'.words.join('|'); # The|quick|brown|fox
say 'The quick brown fox'.words(2).join('|'); # The|quick
Only whitespace counts as word boundaries
say "isn't, can't".words.join('|'); # isn't,|can't
routine comb
Defined as:
multi sub comb(Regex $matcher, Str(Cool) $input, $limit = *) returns List:D
multi method comb(Regex $matcher, $limit = *) returns List:D
Usage:
comb /PATTERN/, STRING, LIMIT?
STRING.comb(/PATTERN/, LIMIT?)
Returns all (or if supplied, at most $limit) matches of the invocant (method form) or the second argument (sub form) against the Regex as a list of strings.
say "6 or 12".comb(/\d+/).join(", "); # 6, 12
routine index
Defined as:
multi sub index(Str(Cool) $s, Str:D $needle, Int(Cool) $startpos = 0) returns Int
multi method index(Str(Cool) $needle, Int(Cool) $startpos = 0) returns Int
Usage:
index STRING, NEEDLE, STARTPOS?
STRING.comb(NEEDLE, STARTPOS?)
Coerces the first two arguments (in method form, also counting the invocant) to Str, and searches for $needle in the string starting from $startpos. It returns the offset into the string where $needle was found, and an undefined value if it was not found.
See the documentation in type Str for examples.
routine rindex
Defined as:
multi sub rindex(Str(Cool) $haystack, Str(Cool) $needle, Int(Cool) $startpos = $haystack.chars)
multi method rindex(Str(Cool) $haystack: Str(Cool) $needle, Int(Cool) $startpos = $haystack.chars)
Usage:
rindex STRING, NEEDLE, STARTPOS?
STRING.rindex(NEEDLE, STARTPOS?)
Coerces the first two arguments (including the invocant in method form) to Str and $startpos to Int, and returns the last position of $needle in $haystack not after $startpos. Returns an undefined value if $needle wasn't found.
See the documentation in type Str for examples.
routine roots
Defined as:
multi sub roots(Numeric(Cool) $x, Int(Cool) $n)
multi method roots(Int(Cool) $n)
Usage:
roots NUMERIC, INTEGER
NUMERIC.roots(INTEGER)
Coe


text:
[We're sorry, but this section is currently under construction]
Many of the data tables we make in class will be arranged vertically.
- Vertical data tables should have their headings placed in the first row of the table.
- When using a vertical data table, you will typically place the manipulated (or independent) variable in the far left column. The responding (or dependent) variable(s) come next.
- Here is an example of a simple vertical data table…
OTHER HELPFUL TIPS WHEN MAKING VERTICAL DATA TABLES
- If your data table is drawn by hand then the lines of your table must be drawn with a ruler.
- IMPORTANT: The column or row headings should be exactly the same as the x- and y-axis labels that you place on your graph(s).
- Try not to split a data table from one page to the next. If you must do this, make sure that you have headings for all of the columns.
- Always center the data in the cells of the table. If you have decimal points in your data, be sure to align those in the cells too.
- If you collected data expressed with decimal points, the data within a single column should be to the same number of decimal places, for example, 1.23; 1.20, 1.00, 1.85.
- Never use commas (",") as your decimal points. Always use a 'full stop' or period (".").
- When needed, don't forget to include the proper SI units (e.g., "meters," "minutes," "grams," etc.) in the column or row headings. Never include the units with the numeric values within the data table.
DATA TABLE TITLES
- The titles of your data tables should be concise and informative.
- Be sure to start the title of your data tables with a number, for example, "Table 1" and "Table 2". These numbers should match the numbers that you use for your graphs, for example, "Graph 1" should be made from the data found in "Table 1."


text:
How Is Approach Speed Calculated?
Approach speed is the recommended speed at which an aircraft should approach an airport and is based on a reference landing speed recorded in the aircraft operating manual (AOM) or the quick reference handbook (QRH), which is defined as Vref = 1.3 x the stall speed with full or selected landing flaps. The final approach speed is then calculated as Vref + corrections. Corrections are usually for conditions such as wind, icing, and wind shear as well as factors such as a less than full flap configuration. The appropriate approach speed varies depending on the size of the aircraft, with small, single-engine aircraft approaching at lower speeds than larger aircraft. Approach speed is generally measured in knots, or nautical miles per hour. In addition to the size of the aircraft, the type of aircraft, the flap configuration, wind direction, and the weight of the aircraft. An approach speed is recommended so that aircrafts can make a safe approach to the runway and a safe landing.
Call Us 24-7 at _PHONE_.


text:
Genset Starting Education Module #4:
Genset Start Battery Strengths, Weaknesses & Use Strategies
William F Kaewert
SENS – Stored Energy Systems LLC
Two different types of batteries, lead-acid and Ni-Cd, are commonly used to start gensets. These two technologies have different characteristics that specifiers and users need to understand in order to successfully use each type.
Lead-acid battery strengths, weaknesses and strategy of use.
The lead-acid battery is readily available, low in cost and likely to fail suddenly at end-of-life. The most successful approach to using lead-acid starting batteries is to regard them as consumables needing regular replacement. Regardless of replacement frequency, correct charging and battery maintenance remain essential because new batteries can fail as frequently as a few months after installation if not properly charged and maintained.
Summary of strengths and weaknesses of lead-acid start batteries
Ni-Cd battery strengths, weaknesses and strategy of use
Ni-Cd technology is inherently more robust than lead-acid technology, does not fail suddenly like leadacid and is very long-lived. The higher up-front cost and long life expectation of Ni-Cd batteries mean that they would never be considered consumables. Unlike lead-acid batteries, though, Ni-Cd cells are not kept in stock at local battery distributors, so in the event of a cell failure, replacement could be days or weeks away. When a cell fails, users must choose to either jump out the bad cell or deploy a temporary leadacid battery until the replacement cell arrives.
Ni-Cd batteries require a well-defined commissioning charge to achieve the manufacturer's specified performance when installed. These parameters are typically provided in the battery maker's installation and operation instruction manual. Some variants of Ni-Cd2 are much more difficult to fully charge than lead-acid types because recharge efficiency is worse than in lead-acid batteries.3 The user manuals for some Ni-Cd types specify that tworate charging4 is mandatory to achieving manufacturer's specified performance. Battery chargers used with Ni-Cd batteries therefore should be specified to include automatic boost charging after discharge.
As with lead-acid batteries, correct charging and battery maintenance are essential.
Summary of strengths and weaknesses of Ni-Cd start batteries
Summary of key points
- Lead-acid battery:
- Strengths include that it is readily available, is made in standard sizes, and is low cost.
- Weaknesses include sudden failure at end of life, loss of life when hot, loss of performance when cold, and short shelf life.
- The most successful strategy to achieving reliable engine starting with lead-acid starting batteries is to regularly replace them well ahead of the date of expected failure.
- Nickel-cadmium battery:
- Strengths include inherently robust design and construction, no sudden failure mechanism, long service life and relatively long shelf life.
- Weaknesses include higher initial cost and larger footprint than lead-acid, and lower availability of replacements.
- The most successful strategy to achieving reliable operation with nickel-cadmium is committing to use Ni-Cd batteries in the first place, then continuing to maintain them.
- Defined as time sitting idle in a warehouse after last charge. Shelf life is shortened by high ambient temperature.
- Pocket plate Ni-Cd technology is more difficult to charge than newer Sintered PBE or fiber plate Ni-Cd technology.
- Recharge efficiency of pocket plate Ni-Cd batteries is around 70%, meaning that the charger must deliver at least 140% of the ampere-hours (AH) withdrawn from the battery before the battery is fully recharged. The recharge efficiency of very shallowly discharged batteries is even lower because replacing the last AH of capacity is always more difficult than replacing the first AH when the battery is discharged. See SENS Genset Starting Education Module #6: Battery Charging Basics for additional information.
- Two-rate charging is the most effective way to reduce charging time. Ideally, two-rate charging temporarily increases charging voltage above the normal float voltage setting during initial battery recharge. This is called "boost charging". Excess voltage applied to the battery compensates for voltage lost to the battery's internal resistance. Operating at the higher boost voltage allows the battery to accept the charger's maximum current longer than it would at float voltage. A correctly engineered charger automatically reduces the charger's voltage to the correct float voltage value when the battery reaches full charge. See SENS Genset Starting Education Module #6: Battery Charging Basics for additional information.
Copyright © 2012 William F Kaewert, SENS – Stored Energy Systems LLC


Are There Sharks in Greece?
Should you be worried?
Family swimming in an idyllic turquoise cove
Gareth Mccormack/Getty Images
Sparkling seas and gorgeous Greek islands on the horizon — it's an idyllic vision of Greece. But should you be watching out for a shark fin slicing through those beautiful waters?
Sharks in Greece: Myth or Reality?
While there are sharks in Greece, most species are harmless. Sightings are extremely rare and, in general, shark attacks in the Mediterranean are also rarely reported. Given the vast number of people spending time in the warm and often shallow waters along the shores of Greece, encounters with sharks are few.
In the existing records of sharks in the Mediterranean, there is only one anecdotal tale of a fatal shark attack in the Greek islands, and that was reported nearly a century ago. Other official sources list a total of 15 shark attacks in Greece over the last 170 or so years. It's not clear what species of shark may have been responsible; one Greek fisherman swore he saw a great white shark in the Aegean Sea a couple of decades ago, but it was probably a small whale, which are also rare but present in Greece.
While there are some Mediterranean shark attacks reported each year, they seem to cluster around the shores of France, not Greece.
All sharks are rare in Greece, and those that are seen or caught by fishermen are usually from less-dangerous types—basking sharks, thresher sharks, and dogfish. In recent years, sharks have been found or caught around Milos, Symi, and Crete. Numbers have been declining over the past few decades; if you're actually a fan of sharks in Greece and elsewhere, and want to help with conserving them, you may want to check out the Shark Alliance's Greece page.
Sharks do make an appearance in Greek mythology, and that may mean that they were more numerous in ancient times than they are now. Lamia, a daughter of the sea god Poseidon, was known as a sea monster, while a son of hers, Akheilos, was a shark.
Greek mythology also has plenty of mythical sea beasts, including the multi-tentacled Hydra which may have been the inspiration for the non-Greek Kraken in "Clash of the Titans."
So if you're wondering if there could be a "Sharknado" in Greece, don't. Sharks are rare in Greek waters and are usually harmless.
Forget the Sharks: The Most Dangerous Sea Creatures in the Mediterranean
Other dangers are far more real and much more likely to impact your vacation in Greece.
 - Jellyfish: Real dangers include jellyfish stings and turning your foot into a temporary cactus by stepping on a needle-spined sea anemone barefoot. It's always good to be wearing sea sandals, both for the anemones and for the often-scratchy lava rocks which line the coasts of many of the islands. Sea sandals may sell out in Greece during the summer, so you may want to squeeze them into your bag rather than rely on picking them up in Greece. Children's sizes often sell out first.
 - Scorpionfish: Sea sandals are also likely to protect you from the sand-burrowing Scorpionfish, whose stings have been known to be fatal.
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n.1.A written or printed scroll or sheet of paper; a document; especially, a formal list or inventory; a list or catalogue annexed to a larger document, as to a will, a lease, a statute, etc.
v. t.1.To form into, or place in, a schedule.
Noun1.Scheduleschedule - a temporally organized plan for matters to be attended to
Synonyms: agenda, docket
2.schedule - an ordered list of times at which things are planned to occur
Verb1.schedule - plan for an activity or event; "I've scheduled a concert next week"
2.schedule - make a schedule; plan the time and place for events; "I scheduled an exam for this afternoon"
 3. The term is frequently used instead of inventory.
active list, agenda, allocate, allot, appoint, approach, appropriate to, arrange, arrangement, assign, assign to, attack, batting order, bill, bill of fare, blacklist, blueprint, blueprinting, book, budget, calculate, calculation, calendar, card, carte du jour, cast, catalog, chart, charting, checklist, civil list, conception, concert, contrivance, contrive, cost, cost out, cut out, dedicate, design, destine, detail, device, devise, disburse, disposition, docket, earmark, enroll, enter, enterprise, enumerate, enumeration, envisagement, expend, fate, figure, figuring, file, forecast, foresight, forethought, fork out, frame, game, go through, graphing, ground plan, guidelines, idea, impanel, incur costs, index, intend, intention, inventory, invest, itemization, itemize, items, keep score, lay out, lay plans, layout, line up, lineup, list, list of agenda, listing, long-range plan, lot, make a projection, make arrangements, make assignments, mapping, mark off, mark out for, master plan, menu, method, methodize, methodology, open the purse, operations research, ordain, organization, organize, outlay, outline, pay, pay out, pigeonhole, plan, plan ahead, planning, planning function, playbill, portion off, post, prearrange, prearrangement, procedure, program of action, program of operation, programma, project, prospectus, protocol, put out, rationalization, rationalize, record, register, registry, repertory, reserve, restrict, restrict to, retired list, roll, roll call, roster, run through, schema, schematism, schematization, schematize, scheme, scheme of arrangement, score, set, set apart, set aside, set off, set up, setup, shape, shell out, sick list, sink money in, slate, spend, splurge, squander, strategic plan, strategy, system, systematization, systematize, table, tabulate, tactical plan, tactics, tag, tally, tally sheet, the big picture, the picture, throw money around, time, timetable, way, work out, work up, working plan
Translate Schedule to Spanish, Translate Schedule to German, Translate Schedule to French
Schachter's Hypothesis
Schaffneria nigripes
Schatzki's Ring
-- Schedule --
schedule feeding
scheduled fire
scheduled maintenance
scheduled territories
Scheduling API
Scheduling Application Programming Interface
Scheele's green
Schefflera actinophylla


text:
Behaviorism might call to mind mid-century experiments on rats and visions of electrical shocks but it's an extremely effective toolkit for helping people learn new skills and get rid of bad habits. This handy flowchart will help you use behavior modification effectively.
Susan G. Friedman is a psychologist specializing in Applied Behavior Analysis. She and her associate James Fritzler have put together a jump start guide to using behaviorism in an educational/business setting. The three part PDF file highlights how to identify the behavior you desire, how to create a supportive environment, and how to identify naturally occurring benefits that can be used to continue the new behavior.
I cropped the screenshot above as I did because the most important part of any behavior modification plan is arranging the environment for success. Whether you're teaching a child to read or pushing a new employee to perform better, setting up the environment around them so that success is a possible and desirable outcome is a critical part of getting them from where they are to where you want them to be.
Check out the full pdf here or visit their website at the link below.


text:
1. To disable with alarm or apprehensions; to depress the spirits or courage of; to deprive or firmness and energy through fear; to daunt; to appall; to terrify. "Be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed." (Josh. I. 9) "What words be these? What fears do you dismay?" (Fairfax)
2. To render lifeless; to subdue; to disquiet. "Do not dismay yourself for this." (Spenser)
Synonyms: To terrify, fright, affright, frighten, appall, daunt, dishearthen, dispirit, discourage, deject, depress. To Dismay, Daunt, Appall. Dismay denotes a state of deep and gloomy apprehension. To daunt supposes something more sudden and startling. To appall is the strongest term, implying a sense of terror which overwhelms the faculties.
"So flies a herd of beeves, that hear, dismayed, The lions roaring through the midnight shade." (Pope) "Jove got such heroes as my sire, whose soul No fear could daunt, nor earth nor hell control." (Pope) "Now the last ruin the whole host appalls; Now Greece has trembled in her wooden walls." (Pope)
Origin: OE. Desmaien, dismaien, OF. Esmaier; pref. Es- (L. Ex) + OHG. Magan to be strong or able; akin to E. May. In English the pref. Eswas changed to dis- (L. Dis-). See May.
(01 Mar 1998)
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text:
Teaching Matters 2017 | Presentation Details | 28 NovemberNov 2017
Blended delivery of Seafarer competency courses: making the concept a reality through modern technologies and learning tools
Gamini Lokuketagoda, Australian Maritime College
Dev Ranmuthugala, Australian Maritime College
Shantha Jayasinghe, Australian Maritime College
Innovative Teaching for Successful Graduates
Social Sciences 211
Maritime Education and Training (MET) is relatively complex compared to traditional education and training systems mainly due to space and time constraints experienced by seafarers. In addition, the diversity of the seafarers' educational backgrounds, field experience, and competence make MET even more challenging. Therefore, the traditional fixed-term, face-to-face delivery in university based education systems is not always the most suited for seafarers to develop their knowledge and competence to meet the needs of the maritime industry.
With the advancements in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) distance learning, especially targeting seafarers at sea is becoming an attractive alternative in MET. In recent times, advanced software programs, simulation tools, and associated hardware enable multi-mode distance learning options ranging from passive delivery of material to interactive audio-visual sessions. These tools have enabled education institutions to package and deliver a range of programmes, including those traditionally considered as 'must attend' within regulated Certificate of Competency courses, thus providing the flexibility that complements the life style of modern seafarers, as well as effectively promoting self-directed and self-paced learning.
These advantages come with challenges such as the extensive efforts required in the development of content, appropriate facilities, suitable assessment strategies, and channels of communication and feedback. The location and time separation between the instructors and students often hinders effective communication, which can be exacerbated if appropriate support is not arranged in advance with the ship owners and operators for the deployment and continuation of distance delivery programmes. These challenges need careful handling to ensure distance delivery of International Maritime Organisation (IMO), Standards of Training Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW) competence courses becomes a reality.
An example, specific to the Australian context, on the successful delivery of distance learning is the Math-Primer programme developed by the author that uses modern ICT facilities to prepare students with the necessary background in mathematics irrespective of their location or educational background. This innovative programme has grown in popularity across disciplines, with evidence clearly showing significant improvement of student competence and satisfaction. This paper outlines how the author effectively used modern ICT to develop and deliver this programme through a blended delivery mode. In addition, lessons learnt in implementing this programme, associated challenges, possible solutions and expansion for future in to other areas of education are also discussed.


text:
Synonyms for rurals
EXAMPLES FROM THE WEB FOR RURALS
The desertions from it multiplied at every sitting of the rurals.
Hundreds of "Bravos" answered from the galleries, overwhelming the rurals.
But here were the dear rurals not only escaping him but turning pitilessly against him.
One of the rurals, pointing to the representatives of Paris, cried, "They are stained with the blood of civil war!"
While they were thus bent upon resistance the rurals thought themselves betrayed.
We occupied Courbevoie, that commands the route to Versailles, which made the rurals very anxious.
I don't know the town either, but I think it was in the rurals somewhere.


Average Weather Data for Diamond, Missouri
Monthly Averages
January February March April May June July August September October November December
Average Monthly high in °F: 46° 50° 59° 68° 77° 85° 89° 90° 81° 71° 59° 48°
Average Monthly low in °F: 22° 26° 35° 44° 54° 63° 67° 66° 57° 45° 36° 25°
Yearly Averages
What's The Average High Temp in Diamond? 68.6 °F
What's the Average Low in Diamond? 45 °F
What's the Average Temperature in Diamond? 56.8 °F
How Many Inches of Rain per year does Diamond get? 46.37 inches
How Many Rainy Days a year are there in Diamond? N/A
How Much Sunshine each year is there in Diamond (in hours)? N/A
How much, if any, snow falls each year in Diamond? 6 inches
Diamond Temperature and Rain Graphs
Average high in °F
Average low in °F
Average precipitation in inches


text: than Clovis at Gault have yet to be published, there's general consensus that it is a legitimate before-Clovis site. Waters calls Gault a workshop in which ancient people crafted tools. "Where I am, at Friedkin, that's the activity and camping area. That's the way it is in Clovis—you've got the big workshops and then the activity area," he explains, where the tools were used to process carcasses and plants. As with the people at Meadowcroft, Paisley Caves, and Monte Verde, those who were at Friedkin likely foraged for food and ate a number of animals, large and small. The Friedkin toolkit has strong similarities to Clovis technology but no actual Clovis points. As a result, Waters says, many have taken to calling it "proto-Clovis."


text:
Li Yang, a professor in the College of Engineering and Computer Science, has been selected tor receive a prestigious award from the National Science Foundation.
A Guerry professor, she was selected for the 2021 Director's Award for Superior Accomplishment in National Spectrum Collaboration Group (NSCG). The award recognizes outstanding accomplishment and strategic collaboration in the research and use of radio waves, which are widely used in many technologies, including telecommunications.
"I am honored to work with dedicated colleagues on this important initiative and be selected for the Director's Award for Superior Accomplishment," Yang said.
Yang's research in cybersecurity, computer science, artificial intelligence and Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education has attracted more than $4 million funding to UTC from the National Science Foundation, the National Security Agency, the U.S. Department of Defense and other agencies over the years.
She contributes to the NSF's efforts and initiatives to advance the nation's Artificial Intelligence (AI) research and development to create new sectors of the economy and revitalize industries. The National Artificial Intelligence Research Institute's program is a joint effort between various industries and the NSF, the Science and Technology Directorate and the U.S. Departments of Agriculture, Homeland Security and Transportation.
She also manages the NSF Future of Work at the Human-Technology Frontier program, which supports research to sustain economic competitiveness, promote worker well-being and the pursuit of lifelong learning and quality of life.
In 2019, she was chosen as a Program Director for NSF's Division of Graduate Education. In the role, she is responsible for programs that manage STEM proposals and awards in areas of cybersecurity artificial intelligence, future of the work, computer science, cyber-infrastructure and education research.


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Organizational Performance Part 39: Understanding the Accuracy of 100% Inspection | Operational Excellence Quick Hits
Quick Hits share weekly tips and techniques on topics related to Operational Excellence. This week's theme relates to understanding the accuracy of inspection. We hope you enjoy the information presented!
Speaker 1: (00:05)
In today's session, we're going to continue on the series of establishing the right mindset within an organization and continue to challenge the underlying assumptions about different concepts or beliefs in organizations. Today's session, we're going to talk about 100% inspection. So a lot of times when I go into companies, they think 100% inspection is 100% accurate, so I want to challenge that belief. And first of all, let's define what is 100% inspection. So, it means that every item is inspected. In other words, all elements or features of a particular item are compared against a predetermined specification of defined requirements. So it doesn't matter what it is. It could be a piece of paper, it could be an application, it could be a product. It could be a service where we're looking at, was the service provided as expected? So a lot of companies you inspection as a means to determine if the process was being performed correctly.
Speaker 1: (01:09)
If an item meets all the specifications of the defined requirements, then the item is acceptable. And then, if the item being inspected fails to meet one of the specifications of the defined requirements, then the item is rejected. And again, we're looking at the requirements from the customer's perspective.
Speaker 1: (01:31)
When we look at inspection, there can be two types of errors. So I want to describe these two types of errors so people are familiar with the types of errors that can happen in an inspection process. So the first is what we call type one error. And what that means is, accepting a defective item as a good item. So this type of error increases the risk that the customer will receive a defective item. The other type of error is what we call type two error. This is rejecting a good item as a defective item. So the product is actually good and the service is actually good, but it gets rejected, okay? So this type of error increases the cost of quality within an organization. So typically, these two types of errors are the errors that we're looking for when we look at 100% inspection.
Speaker 1: (02:25)
Always we speak with data, so I go into companies and I ask them how accurate is 100% inspection and we do a little exercise. And the exercise is to demonstrate how accurate is 100% inspection. So I have this little game or this little example where I have a story and the people need to read through the story one time, so it's 100% inspection. So one time through the story. And what they're looking for is the letter G, the letter G is a defect, okay. And what they need to do is count the number of defects in this story. So if I just do a quick little example here, "while strolling," and if I look at strolling, there's one G at the end of strolling, so that's my first defect. And then I look through and there's another G. So what I'm going to do, is I'm just going through the story one time and counting the number of Gs.
Speaker 1: (03:20)
And then what I do, is I collect that data at the end of the session, then I give them a few minutes to go through and do the analysis. And this is the data that I get from it. And so, you see that I got variation. So we have different people that are doing the exercise and we get different results, anywhere from 72 to 83. So, first of all, I started to see that there's variation just in the inspection process. And when we look at it, we have a range of number of defects we find, and we can take the average of this. And so when I look at the data, the average number of defects found was 77.2. The actual number of defects in the story is 83. So there's only one person that actually found all the defects from our sample. And then, so I can calculate the inspection accuracy by taking the average and dividing by the total number of defects. And so in this case, the inspection was only 93% accurate. So that tells me that 7% defects are going to get through the system in this example where we're using inspection-based quality.
Speaker 1: (04:41)
I also want to point out a couple things here also, is that in this simple example, the following conditions happen, which are not usually likely in most organizations. One, there's only one characteristic being inspected. So it's just, we're looking for the letter G and there's no variability, it's either a G or it's not a G. And third, there's no disruption happening during the inspection process. So it's not like you start and then get interrupted, and have to go back and continue inspecting. 93% accuracy when there's zero variability in the decision criteria, there's no interruptions and there's only one characteristic. In reality, there's typically multiple characteristics and there's usually some variation in the decision making. So if I'm looking at a heart and I'm looking at a scratch, or I'm looking at a bur, or I'm looking at a crack, or I'm looking at a discoloration there's variation in the decision making alone. We're not even considering that in this example.
Speaker 1: (05:51)
So what we see is 100% inspection is not a hundred percent accurate. Depending on the situation, it can be anywhere from 80% accurate up to 93% accurate in this case. To get better results using inspection-based quality, you have to start doing 200%, 300%, 400% inspection to get 100% accurate. And of course doing those number of inspections is just going to drive cost up.
Speaker 1: (06:22)
That is our challenge for this week, 100% inspection is not 100% accurate. In next week's session we're going to talk about a resource standing idle, and if we have an idle resource, that's a major waste.


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Applicants for this course should have achieved a UK High 2:1 Honours Degree.
Months of entry
This MPhil is appropriate for students who are prepared for graduate work and who wish to undertake research in Egyptology, but who need further training in either the language(s) or the archaeology of the region. The student may choose either an archaeological or a linguistic emphasis. All MPhil students in the Department of Archaeology take a Research Skills module and write a dissertation (maximum 15,000 words). In addition, students taking the MPhil in Egyptology select either three modules selected from a list of modules in Egyptology, or two modules selected from a list of modules in Egyptology and one two-term module or two one-term modules from a list of optional modules in the Department of Archaeology chosen in consultation with the supervisor.
Students will acquire a good working knowledge of the archaeology and culture of ancient Egypt, with the possibility of studying one or more of the principal ancient Egyptian language phases. Students may focus on either linguistic or archaeological study. Students learn to participate in an academic discussion at postgraduate level and produce a substantial piece of independent written work (the dissertation).
Qualification, course duration and attendance options
- full time11 months
- Campus-based learningis available for this qualification
Course contact details


Figure 1.
Bar graphs of morphological and life-history trait means Daphnia populations in fishless and fish lakes. Fishless populations are shown in black and populations co-occuring with fish in white. A) body sizes; B) clutch sizes; C) offspring sizes; D) instar-specific ages. Bars represent the mean with error bars = 2SE. Significance levels for differences in trait means generated by a NANOVA (* = p < 0.05; ** = p,0.01; *** = p < 0.001). See text for further explanation of trait designations and analysis.
Fisk et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:22 doi:10.1186/_PHONE_-7-22
Download authors' original image


Titel: Attribute based content security and caching in information centric IoT
Autor/-in: Sertbaş, Nurefşan
Aytaç, Samet
Ermiş, Orhan
Alagöz, Fatih
Gür, Gürkan
Tagungsband: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES 2018)
Angaben zur Konferenz: ARES 2018, Hamburg, Germany, 27 - 30 August 2018
Verlag / Hrsg. Institution: ACM
Erscheinungsdatum: Aug-2018
Lizenz (gemäss Verlagsvertrag): Lizenz gemäss Verlagsvertrag
Art der Begutachtung: Peer review (Publikation)
Sprache: Englisch
Fachgebiet (DDC): 004: Informatik
Zusammenfassung: Information-centric networking (ICN) is a Future Internet paradigm which uses named information (data objects) instead of host-based end-to-end communications. In-network caching is a key pillar of ICN. Basically, data objects are cached in ICN routers and retrieved from these network elements upon availability when they are requested. It is a particularly promising networking approach due to the expected benefits of data dissemination efficiency, reduced delay and improved robustness for challenging communication scenarios in IoT domain. From the security perspective, ICN concentrates on securing data objects instead of ensuring the security of end-to-end communication link. However, it inherently involves the security challenge of access control for content. Thus, an efficient access control mechanism is crucial to provide secure information dissemination. In this work, we investigate Attribute Based Encryption (ABE) as an access control apparatus for information centric IoT. Moreover, we elaborate on how such a system performs for different parameter settings such as different numbers of attributes and file sizes.
Departement: School of Engineering
Organisationseinheit: Institut für Angewandte Informationstechnologie (InIT)
Publikationstyp: Konferenz: Paper
DOI: 10.1145/_PHONE_._PHONE_
ISBN: 978-1-4503-6448-5
URI: _URL_
Enthalten in den Sammlungen:Publikationen School of Engineering
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Physiology of freezing of gait.
Snijders AH., Takakusaki K., Debu B., Lozano AM., Krishna V., Fasano A., Aziz TZ., Papa SM., Factor SA., Hallett M.
Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common and debilitating, but largely mysterious, symptom of Parkinson disease. In this review, we will discuss the cerebral substrate of FOG focusing on brain physiology and animal models. Walking is a combination of automatic movement processes, afferent information processing, and intentional adjustments. Thus, normal gait requires a delicate balance between various interacting neuronal systems. To further understand gait control and specifically FOG, we will discuss the basic physiology of gait, animal models of gait disturbance including FOG, alternative etiologies of FOG, and functional magnetic resonance studies investigating FOG. The outcomes of these studies point to a dynamic network of cortical areas such as the supplementary motor area, as well as subcortical areas such as the striatum and the mesencephalic locomotor region including the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN). Additionally, we will review PPN (area) stimulation as a possible treatment for FOG, and ponder whether PPN stimulation truly is the right step forward. Ann Neurol 2016;80:644-659.


What's the Difference Between Sanding Screen and Sandpaper?
Sanding screen and sandpaper
Are you wondering about the differences between sanding screen and sandpaper? Have you been trying to decide which you should use on your next project? In this article, I'll share everything you need to know about these two sanding products.
Most people use sanding screens for rough shaping and sandpaper for finish work. However, this is just a general principle. Sandpaper and sanding screens have some overlap in the jobs they can perform.
Below, we explain the main differences between sanding screens and sandpaper.
Let's jump in!
Differences Between Sanding Screens and Sandpaper
To start, here's a rapid-fire list of the main differences between sandpaper and sanding screens.
In the sections below, we will explore each in more depth.
Some of the differences between sanding screens and sandpaper:
 - Sanding screens allow dust to pass through
 - Sanding screens are more durable
 - Sandpaper is for finish sanding
 - Sanding screens are for demolition sanding
 - Sanding screens are often used for drywall and flooring
 - Sandpaper is often used for furniture as it is more pliable
Okay, now that we've got a few of the basics covered. Let's explore each of these in more depth
What is a Sanding Screen?
A sanding screen is exactly what it sounds like, a screen used for sanding. The screen is made of a mixture of silicone and resin. This combination creates a durable product.
The sanding screen works like sandpaper, smoothing a rough surface. What's the advantage of sanding screens? There are two main things.
First, sanding screens are durable. This durability allows you to use sanding screens on rough walls or floors.
Second, the screen of the sandpaper allows the dust to pass through, preventing dust build-up. The clearing effect of the screens increases the efficiency and lifespan of the sanding screen.
When Should I Use a Sanding Screen?
The sanding screen is a useful product, but is it good for everything? Below, we list some of the best times to use a sanding screen (and when to avoid it).
Here are some of the best times to use a sanding screen instead of sandpaper:
 - Large projects: when you've got a lot of work to get done, the sanding screen is there to help. The durability and dust clearing capabilities of the sanding screen make it a great choice for large projects
 - Rough projects: if you're sanding down some rough drywall, or preparing an old floor for new tile, then the sanding screen can help.
Now, let's discuss some times to avoid the sanding screen:
 - Small, finish work: if you're trying to sand your kitchen table to a mirror shine, then traditional sandpaper will likely be the way to go.
 - Sanding rounded edges: for rounded edges, look into using a sanding sponge or regular sandpaper. Silicone carbine sanding screens are geared toward removing rough material.
 - Using them by hand: Since sanding screens are abrasive on both sides, they aren't ideal for sanding by hand. Attaching the sanding screen to a sanding handle or a power sander will yield the best results. If you need to sand something by hand, consider regular sandpaper.
Benefits of Sanding Screens
We touched on the benefits of sanding screens a little bit; however, let's cover a more inclusive list. Sanding screens have several benefits over regular sandpaper.
Here are a few:
 - Clog resistant
 - Durable
 - Double-sided
Let's look at these benefits in more depth.
Sanding Screens are Clog Resistant
When you're sanding a large surface, like drywall, you end up with a lot of dust and debris. Regular sandpaper manufacturers have made strides towards developing clog-resistant sandpaper. While these sandpaper advances have helped, it's still relatively easy to clog up normal sandpaper.
The sanding screen does a better job with high volume work. The screen portion of these sanders allows dust and debris to pass right through the sander.
While you'll still need to clear sanding screens, it's as simple as tapping them on the floor and getting back to work.
Sanding Screens are Durable
Regular sandpaper is prone to ripping, especially with rough work. Sanding screens are made from durable materials that resist tearing.
The durability of sanding screens makes them ideal for uneven surfaces, where you're sanding down some jagged bumps.
Sanding Screens are Double-Sided
Once you've worn down one side, flip the sanding screen over and get back to work. Regular sandpaper typically only has a single abrasive side. Once you've used it up, it's done.
How Long do Sanding Screens Last?
It's impossible to say how long your sanding screens will last. It all depends on how much you're using the sanding screen and if you're using the sanding screen properly.
Also, there are several ways you can restore both sandpaper and sanding screens. If you take the time to learn a few techniques to care for your sanding screen and sandpaper, you will get the most life out of your product.
Here are some ways to extend the life of your sandpaper and sanding screens:
 - Clean them: grab an abrasive sandpaper cleaner and use it to remove the gunk that builds up on your sandpaper.
 - Don't overuse: if you try to push sandpaper or sanding screens past what they can handle, you risk overheating (burns!) your project, leaving scratches, and tiring yourself out.
 - Don't use too much pressure: this goes along with overuse. Using too much pressure will cause more gunk to roll up under your sander.
 - You can use both sides: sanding screens are usually abrasive on both sides. Frequently switch the side you're using. Take time to clean the sanding screen intermittently.
How to Use a Sanding Screen
Using a sanding screen is not much different from using regular sandpaper. However, sanding is more difficult than many people anticipate. So, it's important to avoid overlooking critical steps.
Here are some guidelines to follow when using a sanding screen:
 1. Safety and dust control
 2. Clear large chunks with a scraper
 3. Start with low grits
 4. Use a steady pressure
 5. Mark your area
 6. Consider finishing with regular sandpaper
Let's look at these steps in more depth.
Safety and Dust Control for Sanding Screen
Before you begin sanding, always consider the safety risks. Wear safety goggles to protect from flying debris – this is especially true with power sanders. The minute you get something caught in your eye, you'll wish you had worn safety glasses.
Second, wear a mask, preferably one that seals your mouth and nose from dust. If you do a lot of sanding, the cumulative effects of inhaling dust can take a toll over the years.
Finally, try to set up a systematic dust removal process. If you can attach a vacuum directly to the sander, then you're doing great. At the bare minimum, have a box fan in the room sucking out the dust. (Also, you can look into wet sanding to reduce dust).
Clear Large Chunks with a Scraper
While sanding screens can remove substantial material, you still want your surface relatively smooth to begin with. If there are a bunch of bumps and chunks that you can safely remove with a scraper, you should get rid of them before sanding.
Though you could try to smooth out large chunks with a sanding screen, it will delay the project and increase erosion on your screen.
Start with Low Grits and Work your Way Up
If you start with a 40-grit sanding screen, you'll be able to knock down a lot more of those imperfections relatively quickly. However, you don't always want to start with an especially low grit.
Here's why.
Some surfaces, particularly drywall, could be susceptible to damage with low grits. Some people have reported deep gouges being caused by their sanding screens. (This may not be an issue for all situations).
It's worth trying out the sanding screen grit in an inconspicuous area before you use it on the whole surface.
Use Steady Pressure
Applying too much pressure to your sandpaper can damage a delicate surface. You want to apply some pressure to the sander; just enough to keep it on the path.
Just like when you use a saw, let the sanding screen do the work.
Mark Your Sanding Area
Don't accidentally sand an area that doesn't need to be sanded. Use tape, blankets, whatever you can to prevent damage to objects around you.
It's easy to start sanding and forget about everything. But, before you know it, you'll have sanded down a corner or scratched a smooth surface that didn't need to be sanded.
Finish Things Off With Regular Sandpaper or Sanding Sponge
Once you've used the sanding screen to knock down all the rough work, bring in the sanding sponge or sandpaper to make


text:
Number of Girl Guides in 2012
Girls & Boys
Löfte Jag lovar att efter bästa förmåga följa scoutlagen.
Swedish Girl Scout Law
Girl Scout Law
- En scout visar vördnad för Gud och hans ord
- En scout är ärlig och pålitlig
- En scout är vänlig och hjälpsam
- En scout visar hänsyn och är en god kamrat
- En scout möter svårigheter med gott humör.
- En scout lär känna och vårdar naturen.
- En scout känner ansvar för sig själv och andra‡.
‡The word 'andra' (others) is a Swedish expression for society, and the clause as a whole means responsibility to the communities in which we live.
- A Scout seeks his/her faith and respects the faith of others
- A Scout is honest and reliable
- A Scout is friendly and helpful
- A Scout is considerate to others and trustworthy as a friend
- A Scout faces difficulties without complaining
- A Scout learns about nature and is concerned with its conservation.
- A Scout feels responsibility for herself and others.
Development of the Movement
The first groups of Guides were formed in Sweden as early as 1910, and by 1913 the foundations of Swedish Guiding had been laid.
On 1 January 2013, scouts in Sweden entered a new organisation. The new organisation is called The Guides and Scouts of Sweden and includes all 70 000 Scouts in Sweden.
Scouts in Sweden were previously organised in five different associations which then had an umbrella organisation called the Swedish Guide and Scout Council. The associations varied in size and were organised in different ways but all shared common ground in the Scout method and the values of Scouting. These associations
In the middle of the 1990s discussions started about jointly organising a national camp for all five Scout associations and in 2001 the first Swedish national jamboree was held on the fields of Rinkaby in the municipality of Kristianstad. On the same site were later held another two large camps, Jiingijamborii and the the World Scout Jamboree 2011. These camps were all important steps in welding together our movement, where the different associations met and united in the preparatory work.
In the years following the first joint camp, a common strategy for the future of Scouting in Sweden, a common programme, common training modules and a common Scout uniform were all worked out. Working towards the creation of one united organisation has been a natural step after this.
In November 2012 the first general meeting was held for the new organisation.
What was the difference?
- The organisation of the Swedish Guide and Scout Association was restructured and became the Guides and Scouts of Sweden.
- All Scout Groups were connected to the new united organisation. All members and Scout Groups now belong to the same organisation: the Guides and Scouts of Sweden.
- Other associations still exist and have signed agreements of cooperation with the Guides and Scouts of Sweden. These associations are :
- Svenska Scoutförbundet (SSF)
- SMU Scout (SMU-S)
- Kfuk Och Kfums Scoutförbund (KFUK-KFUM)
- Frälsningsarméns Scoutförbund (FA)
- Nykterhetsrörelsens Scoutförbund (NSF)
- Scout Groups received more influence in the organisation through direct representation at the general meeting of the Guides and Scout of Sweden.
- It became easier for more Scouts to participate in the democratic processes.
- More groups can run Scouting with a specific profile, for example: temperance Scouting. For all organisations that already exist and that want to start Scouting as a part of their activities, there is now a possibility to join as a co-operating organisation.


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Donate now to keep our Light Horse name alive.
Your donation is very much appreciated.
1901 began the first century of Australian Federation. One enduring legend developed from the beginning of this new nation to take its place as an icon of Australian history, that is, the Australian Light Horse. Formed in 1903 from a long series of state traditions reaching back many decades, the Light Horse is closely identified with the values to which most Australians aspire and so strikes an formidable chord within the national narrative. With this movement came the various Australian themes of mateship, lending a hand, and specific symbols such as the Charge at Beersheba and the use of emu plumes in the felt hat. As time progressed, the Light Horsemen seem to have taken on a mythical quality that transcends the reality of their story. The Australian Light Horse Studies Centre was established to peel away these legends and present an accurate description about this era. Through careful scholarship this site aims to provide people who have an interest in this particular phase of Australian history an ability to meet with the historical Light Horsemen and so gain a clear version of the life lead by these men, their families and the society in which they lived during the formative period from 1899 to 1920. It is through accurate commentary that these folk gain their honour and well deserved place within the Australian Story.
WARNING: This site contains names, information and images of deceased people which may cause distress to relatives or cultures who may be sensitive to the display of such material. In addition, there may be words and descriptions which might not normally be used in certain public or community contexts. While reflecting the attitudes of the period when written they may be considered inappropriate today.
While not given the recognised status enjoyed by all other
non-indigenous people in
Other AIF Units
10th Light Horse Regiment
11th Light Horse Regiment, 20th Reinforcement
The Australian Light Horse Studies Centre is a not for profit and non profit group whose sole aim is to write the early history of the Australian Light Horse from 1900 - 1920. It is privately funded and the information is provided by the individuals within the group and while permission for the use of the material has been given for this site for these items by various donors, the residual and actual copyright for these items, should there be any, resides exclusively with the donors. The information on this site is freely available for private research use only and if used as such, should be appropriately acknowledged. To assist in this process, each item has a citation attached at the bottom for referencing purposes. Please Note: No express or implied permission is given for commercial use of the information contained within this site.