text:
Road tunnel air quality
Air quality in and around road tunnels
External air quality in the suburbs adjacent to tunnels will vary during the year due to seasonal climate variations, wind speeds and external events such as dust storms, bush fires and construction works in the area.
Australia's ambient (outside) air quality is regulated according to standards set under the National Environment Protection Measure: Ambient Air Quality. These standards were commissioned by the National Environment Protection Council.
The regulation and management of air pollution in Australia has meant that our air quality has been steadily improving since the 1980s. Data from the World Health Organisation shows that Australia has some of the cleanest air in the world.
Roads and Maritime monitor ambient air quality around the M5 East Tunnel.
In-tunnel Air Quality (Nitrogen Dioxide) Policy
In January 2016, the NSW Government released a policy for emissions compliance in new tunnel projects to protect the health and safety of tunnel users.
The In-tunnel Air Quality (Nitrogen Dioxide) Policy sets a limit of 0.5 ppm for nitrogen dioxide emissions in all new tunnels more than one kilometre long to ensure air quality continues to improve over time.
An in-tunnel nitrogen dioxide compliance standard of 0.5 ppm - as a 15 minute rolling average across the whole tunnel – sets the benchmark in Australia and compares favourably to the international in-tunnel nitrogen dioxide design guidelines which range between 0.4 ppm and 1 ppm.
To stay alert, keep the fresh air flowing while you drive
While Sydney's tunnels meet air quality standards set to protect public health, NSW Health advises that closing your windows and switching your vehicle ventilation to re-circulate will further reduce your exposure to vehicle emissions. These benefits can be achieved whether or not your air conditioning system is in use. However, leaving your ventilation on re-circulate for long periods of time can cause the air to become 'stale', which could lead to increased fatigue and a decline in your ability to concentrate. To stay alert, keep the fresh air flowing by opening your windows or changing the ventilation system settings every hour or so.
The M5 East Air Quality Improvement Program (AQIP)
The M5 East Air Quality Improvement Plan (AQIP) was launched in June 2006 in response to community concern about the level of haze caused by the high numbers of smoky heavy vehicles using the M5 East tunnel.
The AQIP aimed to:
- Improve the amenity of M5 East tunnel users, by improving in-tunnel air quality and reducing haze levels in the tunnel.
- Ensure the amenity of residents at the tunnel entrances and exits (portals) and around the ventilation outlet, by meeting air quality goals and improving in-tunnel air quality.
- Improve the availability of the M5 East tunnel by reducing the number of tunnel closures (resulting from air quality issues).
- Assess the effectiveness of the latest in-tunnel air filtration systems to improve in-tunnel air quality.
The actions in the 2006 AQIP were reviewed and assessed to test their effectiveness. This led to the implementation of a stronger suite of measures, including the installation of 12 additional jet fans in the M5 East tunnel and a smoky vehicle camera/video system in the M5 East tunnel, as well as undertaking an 18-month trial of air filtration technology to see if air filtration was a viable air quality management measure for the M5 East tunnel.
For more information, read M5 East Tunnel Filtration Trial Evaluation Program – Review of Operational Performance.


text:
- Imperial Horse Graveyard
Near the retired Horse Stables was their graveyard:
The old horses are allowed to walk about in the meadow during summer. On the other side of the stable is a burial ground where a row of marble slabs mark the resting places of the favorite horses. Here lies "Ami" the horse that was with the Emperor Alexander I in Paris; "Flora", the horse that carried the Emperor Nicholas at Varna; and "Cob" the horse, which the late Tsar Alexander III used to ride, when he reviewed his troops.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Complete the Case Study Cancer Cluster of Coincidence?…
Save your time - order a paper!
Get your paper written from scratch within the tight deadline. Our service is a reliable solution to all your troubles. Place an order on any task and we will take care of it. You won't have to worry about the quality and deadlinesOrder Paper Now
Complete the Case Study Cancer Cluster of Coincidence?
Questions Part I
1. Is Dr. Holmes' concern justifed? Why or why not?
2. What would be your next step if you were Dr. Holmes?
1.Describe in your own words what a cancer cluster is.
2. What is the evidence that is driving Dr. Holmes to believe this is a cancer cluster?
3. What are the factors that Dr. Garcia is looking at that make her skeptical of Carson being a cancer cluster?
4. Taking into consideration the data from a successful cluster investigation of Toms River (Table 2), list the additional data and statistics Dr. Holmes will need to strengthen his case about Carson.
1. With this background information about cluster investigations, outline two pros and two cons to pursuing an investigation in this case.
2. In reviewing the pros and cons from the previous question, decide as a group what you would do if you were in Dr. Holmes's shoes.


text:
Commercial Product 3DPM
New control and optimization possibilities for grinding, crushing, & agglomerating with 3DPM automated online particle size distribution measurement of bulk material on conveyor. 3DPM is used on a range of materials including limestone, coke, iron ore pellets, and metal ores, and for product assessment and automatic control applications. Detailed info in the 3DPM YouTube presentation and read this interview where 3DPM was used for fully automatic control of an agglomeration circuit.
Innovative Machine Vision (IMV) is a key partner in the development of 3DPM in conjunction with Swedish engineering firm MBV-Systems. Principal Scientist Matthew Thurley has worked closely with MBV-Systems since 2006 and has been integral in taking 3DPM from research to prototype to commercial product.
- Confidence that the measurement is reliable and a realistic representation of the material that was visible on the conveyor at the time of measurement
- Consistent, non-contact, high speed and fully automated
- Accurate measurement of size based on 3D imaging (no scaling and perspective distortion errors)
- Identification of non-overlapped and overlapped particles, mitigating errors from mis-sizing overlapped particles as smaller sizes
- Identification of areas-of-fines mitigating errors from mis-sizing them as large particles
- Reliable measurement as key opposing errors from overlapped particles and areas-of-fines are mitigated
- Reliable, automated, consistent measurement 24 hours a day, 7 days a week
- Results that facilitate fully automatic control of particle processes such as; agglomeration, pelletisation, and crushing
- Extremely low maintenance (years)
- Results based on a solid foundation of 20 years of evidence-based research, peer-reviewed publications, products, and industry prototypes by IMV's Principal Scientist Matthew Thurley

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Question: Hogmanay - What is Hogmanay - Hogmanay Recipes
So, what is the celebration of Hogmanay?
Answer: Hogmanay is the Scottish celebration of New Years Eve and can last for days. No-one celebrates the eve quite like the Scots. It is believed the Scots inherited the celebration of Hogmanay from the Vikings and their celebration of the shortest day but many believe that as Christmas was virtually banned and not celebrated in Scotland from the end of the 17th century until the 1950's, New Years Eve was a good excuse for some revelry and the excuse to drink whisky and eat good food. Hogmanay involves parties and festivals across Scotland with the largest and most famous public party in Edinburgh.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Presented at: 9th Extended Semantic Web Conference (ESWC2012)
Assessing Linked Data Mappings using Network Measures Christophe Guéret, Paul Groth, Claus Stadler, and Jens Lehmann Linked Data is at its core about the setting of links between resources. Links provide enriched semantics, pointers to extra information and enable the merging of data sets. However, as the amount of Linked Data has grown, there has been the need to automate the creation of links and such automated approaches can create low-quality links or unsuitable network structures. In particular, it is difficult to know whether the links introduced improve or diminish the quality of Linked Data. In this paper, we present an extensible framework and a series of justified network measures that allow for the assessment of Linked Data mappings. We test the framework on a set of known good and bad links generated by common mapping systems and discuss which network measures show promise for use in assessment.
Keywords: linked data, network analysis, quality assurance
Resource URI on the dog food server: _URL_
Explore this resource elsewhere:


text:
The Second Five-Year Plan
page from book, 1934, 220 x 320 mm (shown rotated 90º cw), (I.C. 10.3) | read more...
Although the majority of materials produced by the IZOSTAT Institute were for use within the USSR, it also published items for the purposes of overseas propaganda. The image above is taken from The Second Five-Year Plan in construction (1934), an English-language book that contains a translation of the'resolution of the XVII congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union on the reports of comrades Molotov and Kuibyshev about the Second Five-Year Plan of development of the national economy of the USSR (_PHONE_)', together with forty-five IZOSTAT charts.
These charts not only record the achievements claimed for the First Five-Year Plan (1928-32) but also what would be achieved over the next three years in the Second Five-Year Plan. This visual statement of future success was a typical feature in IZOSTAT charts. In the image above we can see the proposed increase in places in urban and rural crèches for 1937.
1934 was the last year that Neurath and his Viennese team worked with the Soviets, and this chart demonstrates the tremendous influence Gerd Arntz in particular had on IZOSTAT work. After that date, the appearance of IZOSTAT charts changed, now conforming to the demands of socialist realism by introducing more illustration and adding greater detail to their pictograms. The charts in this book, however, are without unnecessary detail and would have presented their audience with evidence not only of Soviet economic and social achievement, but also the development within the USSR of innovative, modern design. (EM)
area of research: the Izostat Institute, Moscow (Minns)


text:
Bible-in-Life: Early Elementary Teacher's Guide, Winter 2018-19
Retail Price: $10.99
Our Price: $9.34
Save: 1.65 (15.01%)
Availability: In Stock
Bible-in-Life Teacher Guides include 13 lessons with step-by-step instructions to help teachers prepare and teach. Age-level tips help teachers understand kindergartners and first graders, with helpful suggestions for enhancing their Sunday school experience. The lessons guide pre-session and post-session activities, and walk through the four-step lesson plan. Bible background articles provide further interesting information. All lessons include a devotional to encourage and challenge the teacher. Order 1 per teacher.
Early Elementary curric ulum is for children in Grades K & 1.
- Teacher Devotionals and Understanding the Bible sections help the teacher prepare for the class
- Teacher Tips share helpful information on understanding kindergartners and first graders
- Quarterly supply list
- Ideas for early arrivers and when you have extra time
- Link to Last Week section helps the teacher discuss with students how they applied the lesson throughout the week at home, and support and encourage them
Teach children with Bible-In-Life's easy four-step lesson plan:
1. Bible Readiness: activity and sharing time to help early elementary students use previous knowledge to connect to the Bible story
2. Bible Story: includes the Bible Story, Bible Story Review Activity and Questions, and Bible Memory Verse
3. Bible Activity Choices: three activities to help early elementary students explore what they have learned in the Bible story
4. Bible Response: application step to help kindergarteners and first graders take what they have learned into the week at home
Similar Items you may enjoy!


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A Pulangiyen youth group called Kabatan-on Lumadnong Pulangiyen (KLP) is regenerating 12 hectares of previously cleared forest areas in Bendum, an upland village in Northern Mindanao, by gathering lauan seeds from mother trees in the puwalas (maturing forest) and transplanting local tree species. This assistance in the natural regeneration of forests is expected to maintain and enhance the remaining natural biodiversity of the regenerating forests.
These youth are forming a life pattern under new circumstances and the first effort is to go back and reclaim the past knowledge of utilizing forests during both the seasonality of activity and over a longer cycle of shifting land use.
The forest area has declined and is retreating to the higher slopes. The youth now seek to draw the forest back down by regenerating 12 hectares that started with the previously barren log deck and areas cleared for unsustainable agriculture.
The KLP wants to establish the youth's role in the community, their identity and inheritance through the gaup (ancestral domain). They identify themselves by their rivers and is restoring their remaining forest to strengthen cultural integrity while seeking greater equity in a globalizing culture through recognition of their tradition. The KLP also seeks dialogue to strengthen and unite the cultures of Upper Pulangi and maintain peace in the whole area.


How Do I Calculate Beam Size?
How do you find the width of a beam?
As per IS code 456 depth and width of beam depend on its length of beam and various types of load acting on it.
according to as per IS code 456 minimum depth of simply supported beam is about L/20 and minimum width of beam is about depth/1.5..
What is the maximum length of beam?
Span (distance) between two columns One can use beams of size 9″ X 12″ (225 MM x 300MM) with a slab thickness of 5″ (125 MM) cast in M20 concrete for spans up to 5m. There are other considerations like secondary and tertiary spans, point loads and wall loads which have to be considered.
What is depth of beam?
Introduction. A beam is considered as a deep beam when the ratio of effective span to overall depth is <2.0 for simply supported members. The beam theories which are based on assumptions are useful in case of those problems, where thickness of beams is moderate.
How far can a beam span without support?
What is the maximum length of cantilever beam?
That is the ratio of effective length to effective depth of the member. IS 456: 2000 prescribed a limiting value of 'l/d'=7, for cantilever beams for spans up to 10m. So, if we go beyond a certain length, we will end up with large depths as per the relation: d=l/7.
What is effective depth of beam?
For the design of the longitudinal tension reinforcement, the effective depth of a section, d is defined as the distance from the extreme concrete fibre in compression to the centre of gravity of the longitudinal tension reinforcement.
How much weight can a 2×12 beam hold?
How much weight can a 2×12 support horizontally? A 2×12 can withstand about 180 pounds per foot or about 2100 pounds.
What is the standard size of beam?
THE STANDARD SIZE OF THE BEAMS In a residential building it is 9 ʺ × 12 ʺ or 225 mm × 300 mm standard size according to (IS codes). The minimum RCC beam size should not be less than 9 ʺ × 9 ʺ or 225mm × 225mm with the addition of a 125mm slab thickness.
How do I calculate house beam size?
What is the minimum size of footing?
12 inchesThe minimum depth of footings below the surface of undisturbed soil, compacted fill material or controlled low strength material (CLSM) shall be 12 inches (305 mm). Where applicable, the requirements of CBC Section 1809.5 shall also be satisfied. The minimum width of footings shall be 12 inches (305 mm).
How far can a 2×8 beam span without support?
What is the minimum depth of beam?
How do you design a beam?
The design of concrete beam includes the estimation of cross section dimension and reinforcement area to resist applied loads. There are two approaches for the design of beams. Firstly, begin the design by selecting depth and width of the beam then compute reinforcement area.
How do you size a ridge beam?
Determining the Ridge Beam Height For example, if the slope is 4 in 12, and the run is 12 feet, the ridge beam height (M) will be 4 feet. The finished ridge beam height (Z) above the top of the wall will be (M) plus the Y Height. The formulas are: M = (R * X) / 12.
What size ridge beam do I need to span 20 feet?
If it is a 20′ span in the ridge beam you could easily need 3-18″ LVL's if not more and 18′ rafters will probably need to be 11 7/8's I joists.
How thick should a ridge beam be?
Ridge board shall be at least 1-inch (25 mm) nominal thickness and not less in depth than the cut end of the rafter.
What is a width?
The measurement of the extent of something from side to side. … Width is defined as the quality of being wide, or the measurement of distance from side to side. An example of width is a 36″ measurement for a table's wideness.
What is the minimum and maximum distance between two columns?
The Minimum Spacing or Distance between two column should not be less than 2.5 Meter. It Must be 2.5 Meter minimum distance. Or, Maximum Spacing & Distance of two Columns Should not be less than 7.5 meter.
How far can a triple 2×12 beam span?
Joist SpansSouthern Pine3-2X1011′-0″3-2X1213′-0″Douglas Fir-Larch, Hem-Fir, Spruce-Pine-Fir, Redwood, Cedars, Ponderosa Pine, Red Pine3X6 OR 2-2X64′-5″3X8 OR 2-2X85′-8″17 more rows


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- In the LifeKeeper GUI, click the icon to open the Create Resource Wizard. Select the "SAP HANA" Recovery Kit.
- Enter the following values to create and extend a LifeKeeper resource (HANA-SPS_HDB00) to protect the HDB00 database instance on node-a and node-b. Note that the resulting resource should not be extended to node-c, the witness node. The icon indicates that the default option is chosen.
|Create Resource Wizard|
|SAP HANA SID||SPS|
|SAP HANA Instance for SPS||HDB00|
|IP child resource||none|
|Extend gen/app Resource Hierarchy Wizard|
Once the HANA-SPS_HDB00 resource has been successfully created and extended to node-b, the LifeKeeper resource panel should look similar to the following. Note that the names of the resources providing failover functionality for the SAP HANA virtual IP/hostname may differ according to your chosen cloud platform depending on which subsection of Create SAP HANA Primary Database Virtual IP was followed.
- Right-click on the SAP-SPS_HDB00 resource and select Create Dependency… from the drop-down menu.
For Child Resource Tag, specify the root resource of the resource hierarchy being used to failover the SAP HANA virtual IP/hostname. The precise resource name used in this step will depend on resources created in the subsection of Create SAP HANA Primary Database Virtual IP corresponding to your chosen cloud platform.
Click Next> to continue, then click Create Dependency to create the dependency.
The resulting hierarchy will look similar to the following:
SAP HANA database instance HDB00 has now been successfully protected by LifeKeeper.


text:
Build your first iDapp
Build your first iDapp (Interoperable dApp) using Router's crosstalk in 5 simple steps.
Learn about Router
What is Router?
The Router chain is a layer 1 blockchain that leverages tendermint's Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus engine.
Choosing the Right Cross-chain Framework
Router Protocol provides a host of cross-chain solutions. Go through this guide to understand which one's right for you.
The ROUTE Token
The ROUTE token is a digital asset that will serve as the primary gas and governance token on the Router chain.
A block explorer to monitor cross-chain transactions.
A tool to manage contract lifecycle-related processes on the Router chain.
A tool to get testnet tokens for performing tasks on Testnet.
A tool for delegating ROUTE tokens to validators.
An easy-to-use prototyping environment for interoperable dApps built using Router.
🛠 Build iDapps using Router
Learn about the instruction transfer framework Crosstalk and convert your existing single/multi-chain applications to cross-chain applications.
Learn about asset transfer bridge Voyager and how to build other asset-transfer applications or sequenced cross-chain requests (asset + instruction)
A feature-rich block explorer for monitoring transactions on the Router chain.
A cross-chain integration testing framework
A web application that makes it easier to interact with the Router chain.
Get funds to interact with the Router chain.
Run a custom relayer to forward messages from Router to other chains.
⚙ Chain Development
Everything that is needed to learn about development using Router's core components.


From Syslinux Wiki
Revision as of 08:34, 28 December 2007 by Stappers (talk | contribs) (spam revert)
Jump to: navigation, search
What is MEMDISK?
MEMDISK is meant to allow booting legacy operating systems via PXE, and as a workaround for BIOSes where ISOLINUX image support doesn't work.
How can I use MEMDISK?
MEMDISK is an auxillary module used in conjunction with one of the SYSLINUX bootloaders, usually PXELINUX or ISOLINUX. You need a disk image as well as the memdisk file itself. As far as the bootloader is concerned, memdisk is the "kernel" and disk image is the initial ramdisk (initrd).
memdisk initrd=diskimg.img
... where, of course, diskimg.img is the name of the disk image file. The memdisk file and the disk image need to be present in the appropriate location (for PXELINUX, on your TFTP server, for ISOLINUX, in the /isolinux directory on your CD, etc.)
Normally, however, you would put something like following in the configuration file:
label dos
 kernel memdisk
 append initrd=dosboot.img
How should the image be constructed?
The image file should contain a disk image, either a floppy disk or hard disk image. The disk image can be compressed with gzip if you have MEMDISK 2.03 or later, otherwise it should not be compressed.
If the disk image is one of the following sizes, it's assumed to be a floppy image:
 368,640 bytes 360K floppy (DD 5.25")
 737,280 bytes 720K floppy (DD 3.5")
 1,222,800 bytes 1200K floppy (HD 5.25")
 1,474,560 bytes 1440K floppy (HD 3.5")
 1,720,320 bytes 1680K floppy (HD 3.5" extended format)
 1,763,328 bytes 1722K floppy (HD 3.5" extended format)
 2,949,120 bytes 2880K floppy (ED 3.5")
For any other size, the image is assumed to be a hard disk image, and should typically have an MBR and a partition table. It may optionally have a DOSEMU geometry header; in which case the header is used to determine the C/H/S geometry of the disk. Otherwise, the geometry is determined by examining the partition table, so the entire image should be partitioned for proper operation (it may be divided between multiple partitions, however.)
It is also possible to specify the geometry manually, overriding the autodetect feature, by specifying the following command-line options:
 c=number Specify the number of cylinders (max 1024*)
 h=number Specify the number of heads (max 256*)
 s=number Specify the number of sectors (max 63)
 floppy[=number] The image is a floppy disk image**
 harddisk[=number] The image is a hard disk image**
 \* MS-DOS only allows max 255 heads, and only allows 255 cylinders on floppy disks.
 \*\* Normally MEMDISK emulates the first floppy or hard disk. This can be overridden by specifying an index, e.g. floppy=1 will simulate fd1 (B:). This may not work on all operating systems or BIOSes.
MEMDISK version 2.13 and later also supports the following options:
 ro Make the simulated disk readonly.
 raw Use raw access to protected mode memory.
MEMDISK normally uses the BIOS "INT 15h mover" API to access high memory. This is well-behaved with extended memory managers which load later. Unfortunately it appears that the "DOS boot disk" from WinME/XP intentionally(!) crashes the system when this API is invoked. This command-line option tells MEMDISK to enter protected mode directly, whenever possible. It may, however, break other things.
 bigraw Use raw access to protected mode memory, return to big real mode.
(New in 3.08) This is like raw, but leaves the CPU in "big real mode" afterwards. This may work for some systems when the raw option doesn't.


text:
Original post by: jayeff,
Hi, Not certain of the circuitry of your music player. Try the following: Connect music via Bluetooth, (output low as it is). Can you hear the music in both speakers or only one? If only one then which one left or right? Next, leaving the Bluetooth music playing, plug a jack into the socket, it doesn't have to be connected to anything at the other end. If the music stops it proves that the socket disconnects the Bluetooth music to the amplifier. Depending on whether you did hear the Bluetooth music in only one speaker and which one will influence what you may look for next. With a lot of sockets there are changeover contacts connected to both the 'tip' and 'ring' connecting springs of the socket. This means that when a jack is inserted these contacts break the existing input circuit to the amplifier section (in your case the Bluetooth music) and connect the jack input to the amplifier circuit. The convention is that the left speaker is connected to the 'tip' connection and the right speaker is connected to the 'ring' connection. The 'tip' is the end of the jack furthest away from the cord and the 'ring' is the next one after the insulating spacer. The last connection is known as the'sleeve' which is closest to the cable and is used for the 'common' for both left and right speakers. So if you are not hearing music in the left speaker and your socket ''does'' have the changeover contact configuration you need to check the connections to both these contacts associated with the tip connector. The same goes for if you have no music in the right speaker you need to check the ring changeover contacts connections. If the music is in both speakers and connecting the jack does not stop the music you may have the other type of socket where there is only a single contact used which either makes or breaks when the jack is inserted and this is used to "tell" the amplifier to switch the input source from the Bluetooth to the socket. It may be that you will have to trace back the circuit from the amplifier input, (following where the tip and ring connections from the socket go will probably lead you to the input) then see if there are other paths that hopefully will lead you to the Bluetooth output and that you may spot the problem. Perhaps a broken connection or a dry joint. Sorry I cannot be more exact and that hopefully it is of some help.


text:
A law on agricultural biogas plants and biofuels, prepared at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, was unanimously approved at a recent session of the Polish Parliament. It is expected to contribute, among other things. to lower the cost of agricultural and processing operations, reduce air pollution, and increase energy independence in rural areas.
The Law on Agricultural Biogas Plants and Biofuels provides, among other things:
- Accelerating the process of building agricultural biogas plants;
- facilitating the issuance of conditions for connecting an agricultural biogas plant to the grid;
- No need to change the use of agricultural land occupied by an agricultural biogas plant;
- freeing certain safe types of biomass from restrictive waste regulations;
- easier management of the digestate product as fertilizer.
Law on agricultural biogas plants and biofuels – changes in biofuels and biocomponents
The Law on Agricultural Biogas Plants and Biofuels, which was just passed, also introduces changes to biofuels and biocomponents:
- as of January 1, 2024. the European e10 gasoline standard will be introduced into widespread use – an opportunity that offers farmers a real and concrete prospect of managing grain production surpluses, primarily corn, of more than 500,000. t per year;
- Permanent determination of the level of the reduction factor – strengthening Poland's energy security while fully respecting the principles of sustainable development. Up to 3.5 million tons of agricultural raw materials will be able to be developed with the prepared regulations.
Possibilities of using agricultural biogas plants in Poland
As of April 19, 2023. The register of agricultural biogas producers, maintained by the National Center for Agricultural Support, includes 125 agricultural biogas producers, operating 150 installations with a total installed capacity of 144.8 MW.
The prepared Law on Agricultural Biogas Plants and Biofuels responds to the urgent need to increase the number of stable, controllable and resilient to changing meteorological conditions and external factors renewable energy installations. It is assumed that agricultural biogas plants can produce energy for up to 8,000. hours per year (90% of the time), in contrast to other RES installations, whose energy efficiency ranges from 10% to 30%.
In light of the current geopolitical situation and in the era of the energy crisis, increasing the share of stable and independent from external energy suppliers is particularly important. The development of agricultural biogas plants is a tool for the efficient use of available resources on farms. The draft law on facilitating the preparation and implementation of investments in agricultural biogas plants, as well as their operation, along with the justification, adopted by the Polish Parliament, can be found on the website of the Polish Parliament.
For more on rural measures, read the article: On-farm investments in RES and energy efficiency improvements under CAP 2023 – 2027.


TestHost on MP02
Revision as of 18:34, 5 April 2017 by Terry Gillett (talk | contribs) (Initial draft)
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Introduction
The SECN TestHost firmware is designed to support automated testing of SECN devices. The system uses a TestHost device and a Device Under Test (DUT).
The TestHost device periodically queries the DUT via HTTP in order to execute a test script on the DUT to collect test data which is returned to the Host.
The Host then adds further data such as time and date, and updates a test log file which can be accessed via the HTTP server on the TestHost.
The DUT can be running any firmware that supports a http server, and requires only the addition of two files - a CGI script and a Shell script - so that the operation of the installed firmware is not significantly altered by the testing.
Test Host Basic Operation
1. To run a test session, the TestHost device runs a shell script '/bin/testhost.sh' with arguments for the IP address of the DUT, and the number of minutes for which the test is to be run e.g.
 # /bin/testhost.sh 10.130.1.20 60
This command will cause the script to look for a DUT at '10.130.1.20' and then run the tests for 60 minutes.
The script loops each minute, sending a 'wget' HTTP request to the DUT at the URL 'http://<DUT_IP_Address>:/cgi-bin/test.html'
Note: If the IP address is specified as 127.0.0.1 then the test will be run on the TestHost device itself.
2. The CGI script on the DUT calls a shell script '/bin/testscript.sh' which runs whatever tests are required on the DUT and assembles the test results into a string which is returned to the TestHost as the response to the 'wget' request.
Typical tests run on the DUT might include a ping test to a specific network address to check connectivity, CPU performance, and signal strength measurement. If the device is equipped with sensors then the sensor data might also be collected.
The 'testscript.sh' file can be easily edited to include whatever tests are required.
3. The 'testhost.sh' script on the TestHost device receives the response to the 'wget' request containing the test data from the DUT, and then runs further tests locally. These tests might include getting a time/date stamp for the log entry, signal strength measurements, ping tests or getting sensor data such as temperature.
The 'testhost.sh' file can be easily edited to include whatever tests are required.
The results of these tests are then added to the results from the DUT and used to create a new entry in the test log file '/tmp/testlog.txt'. This file is linked to '_URL_' so that a browser pointed to the URL
 'http://<TestHost_IP_Address>/testlog.txt'
will show the current contents of the test log.
Software
1. TestHost Firmware
SECN TestHost firmware built specifically for the MP02 device is identified as 'MP02-TH' and is available on the VillageTelco Downloads page.
The SECN TestHost firmware may be installed in the normal manner, and the device will appear on the IP address '10.130.1.1'
The Ethernet WAN port is active, and the mesh interface is running, so the DUT can mesh with the TestHost and access the upstream network. A DUT running default SECN configuration will have a LAN Gateway IP address pointing to '10.130.1.1' and so will be able to use the TestHost as a gateway.
2. DUT Scripts
The two scripts for the DUT are available as a patch 'DUT-patch.tar.gz' which may be uploaded and installed using the Patch facility on the SECN Firmware Upgrade page.
Alternatively the two script files may be installed manually on the DUT in the appropriate directories. These files both require execute permissions.
Sample Code
1. TestHost Script
 #! /bin/sh

 # /bin/testhost.sh Script to run on TestHost device

 # Setup DUT IP address and time to run
 DUT=$1
 MAXMINS=$2

 # Check for the DUT
 if !(ping -c 1 $DUT &> /dev/null)
 then
 echo ""
 echo "Unable to ping DUT IP address"
 echo ""
 exit
 fi

 # Set up www link to testlog file
 touch /tmp/testlog.txt
 if [ ! -e /www/testlog.txt ]; then
 ln -s /tmp/testlog.txt /www/testlog.txt
 fi

 # Initialise the testlog file
 DATE=$(date)
 echo "Log start: $DATE " > /tmp/testlog.txt
 echo "DUT: $DUT Duration: $MAXMINS mins" >> /tmp/testlog.txt
 echo "" >> /tmp/testlog.txt

 echo ""
 echo "Log start: $DATE "
 echo "DUT: $DUT Duration: $MAXMINS mins"
 echo ""

 # Start test run
 SEC=$(date +"%S")
 mins=0

 while [ $mins -le $MAXMINS ]
 do
 SEC=$(date +"%S")
 # Run on the minute
 if [ $SEC == "00" ]; then
 # Increment the minutes counter
 mins=$(( mins+1 ))

 # Run tests on DUT and get results string
 TESTSTR=$(wget -q -O - http://$DUT/cgi-bin/test.html)

 # Get local test data
 TEMP=$(/bin/gettemp.sh)
 DATE=$(date +"20%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
 RSSI=$(iw dev wlan0-1 station dump | grep "signal avg:"|cut -f 3|cut -d " " -f1,3)

 # Save to test log file
 echo "$DATE Temp: "$TEMP"C RSSI: $RSSI $TESTSTR" >> /tmp/testlog.txt
 echo "$DATE Temp: "$TEMP"C RSSI: $RSSI $TESTSTR"
 sleep 50
 fi
 sleep 1
 done

 echo "Test run completed" >> /tmp/testlog.txt

 echo ""
 echo "Test run completed"
 echo ""

 exit

2. DUT Test Script
 !# /bin/sh

 # /bin/testscript.sh Script to run on DUT

 # Run tests

 # Test 1. Ping Internet address
 if ping -c 1 8.8.8.8 &> /dev/null
 then
 PING1="OK"
 else
 PING1="FAIL"
 fi

 # Test 2. Get CPU usage
 CPU=$(uptime|cut -d "," -f2|cut -d ":" -f 2)

 # Output the test results string
 echo "Ping: $PING1 CPU: $CPU "

 exit
DUT CGI Script
 #!/bin/sh

 # /www/cgi-bin/test.html

 # For compatibility with uhttpd
 echo -en "Content-type: text/html\r\n\r\n"

 # Call main test script
 /bin/testscript.sh


text:
1/ General required documents for filing Patent/Utility Model Registration in Vietnam (Patent Registration)
In order to file a Patent Application in Vietnam, please provide us with the following documents:
- Instruction letter containing Title of the Invention, name(s) and address(es) of the Applicant(s) and Inventor(s);
- Power of Attorney (POA) – Original
- Specification, claim, abstract and drawing (if any) in English – via email is acceptable
2/ General information for Patent/Utility Model Registration in Vietnam
- In Vietnam the deadline for PCT Patent application entering into National phase 31 months from Priority date and Paris Convention application is 12 months from the Priority date.
- Power of Attorney forms need to be filed, but neither notarization nor legalization is required. If the forms cannot be submitted at filing, it is possible to file late as a response to the IP Vietnam's Notification of Deficiencies (at a cost) within one month, with an extension of further two months, from the date of Office Action.
- Assignments are only required if the applicant of the priority application is different to the applicant of the Vietnamese application, or, the applicant is an individual but not an inventor of the application.
- Examination request can be filed either at filing or later. Deadline for request for substantive examination is 42 months for inventions and 36 months for utility solutions, either from priority date or from filing date if no priority is claimed.
- A certified copy of the Priority Document (for Paris Convention application) is required within three months from the filing date (with details needed at filing). Only the priority data is required at the time of filing (application number, filing date and country).
- In regard of providing Vietnamese translation of a patent application we would like to advise you that according to the current patent regulations, Vietnamese translation of a patent specification is required at filing. Therefore, we try to complete the translation to submit it at application filing date instructed by clients. We would highly appreciate it if a patent specification in English is sent to our firm in a well time so that we could have sufficient duration of time to do translation and to review in order to ensure its best quality before submission.
3/ Requirement or limitation about computer related inventions:
Requirement: Patents involving computer programs are a form of "patents made by computers", This phrase refers to subjects related to computers, computer networks or other programmable devices, in which features of claimed subject matters are carried out by computer programs.
Although computer programs are on the list of those which are not protected as patents but if the claims have technical characteristics and are really a technical solution, in order to solve a technical problems using technical means to produce a technical effect, they may be protected as patents. For example, a data processing operation is controlled by a computer program that theoretically could be done equally by special circuits, and the implementation of programs is always accompanied by physical effects, such as electrical current, and ordinary physical effects themselves are not sufficient for computer programs to have technical characteristics. However, if a computer program that, when run on a computer, creating other technical effects, in addition to the normal physical effects, then that program is capable of being protected as patents. These other technical effects may be known from prior arts. Technical effects in the above cases may be, for example, in controlling an industrial process, in processing data representing physical entities or in the performance of the main functions within the computer or its interface under the impact of this program and may, for example, affect the performance or safety of the process, the management of resources of the computer or the data transfer rate on the transmission line. Therefore, a computer program can be regarded as capable of being protected as patents if the program, when run on a computer, can create technical effects beyond the typical interaction between the program and the computer.
Limitation: However, even in the case of a computer program capable of being protected as inventions as described above, in the claims, the subject matters represented by phrases such as "computer programs", "computer software", "computer program/software product", or "program-carrying signal", and other similar terms are not acceptable. A computer program can be protected as subject matters, for example, methods to operate a conventional device, devices installed to carry out a method, carriers containing programs to carry out a method.
4/ Subject matters not protected as inventions
The following subject matters shall not be protected as inventions:
1. Discoveries, scientific theories; mathematical methods;
2. Schemes, plans, rules or methods for performing mental acts, training domestic animals, playing games, doing business; computer programs;
3. Presentations of information;
4. Solutions of aesthetic characteristics only;
5. Plant varieties, animal varieties;
6. Processes of essentially biological nature for the production of plants and animals other than microbiological processes;
7. Disease prevention, diagnostic and treatment methods for human or animals.


text:
POTENTIAL Use of Digital Computer Ground Water Models.
HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING CENTER DAVIS CA
Pagination or Media Count:
The discussion on the potential use of digital computer groundwater models was prepared for the Albuquerque District, Corps of Engineers, Albuquerque, New Mexico, as part of a water supply study of the Albuquerque Greater Urban Area AGUA. Although the material presented was developed for the Albuquerque area, the concepts are applicable to the understanding of ground water modeling generally. The discussion included both quantity and quality models and reasons why an agency may wish to undertake a modeling effort. Available computer programs were cited and the probable advantages and disadvantages of specific programs were given. Costs for prior modeling efforts of groundwater systems in other localities were also included as a guide to probable cost when considering the use of a digital computer groundwater model. Author
- Hydrology, Limnology and Potamology
- Computer Hardware


", so much of the
 reason for that concern has been alleviated. In late October, 2014,
 Dave figured out that multi-attach leads to locking problems, so
 the innards are being rewritten to use a :memory: db as the
 permanent "main", and attaching the others.
 Opens or attaches the given db file. zDbName is the
 file name of the DB. role is the role of that db
 in the framework (that determines its db name in SQL).

 The first time this is called, f->dbMain is set to point
 to fsl_cx_db_for_role(f, role).

 If f->dbMain is already set then the db is attached using a
 role-dependent name and role is added to f->dbMain->role's bitmask.

 If f->dbMain is not open then it is opened here and its role is set
 to the given role. It is _also_ ATTACHED using its role name. This
 allows us to publish the names of all Fossil-managed db handles
 regardless of which one is "main". e.g. if repo is opened first, it
 is addressable from SQL as both "main" or "repo".

 The given db zDbName is the name of a database file. If f->dbMain
 is not opened then that db is assigned to the given db file,
 otherwise attach attach zDbName using the name zLabel.

 If pWasAttached is not NULL then it is set to a true value if the
 db gets attached, else a false value. It is only modified on success.

 It is an error to open the same db role more than once, and trying
 to do so results in a FSL_RC_ACCESS error (f's error state is
 updated).
*/
static int fsl_cx_db_main_open_or_attach( fsl_cx * f,
 const char *zDbName,
 /* const char *zLabel, */
 fsl_dbrole_e role,
 int *pWasAttached){
 int rc;
 int wasAttached = 0;
 fsl_db * db;
 assert(f);
 assert(zDbName && *zDbName);
 assert((FSL_DBROLE_CONFIG==role)
 || (FSL_DBROLE_CKOUT==role)
 || (FSL_DBROLE_REPO==role));
 if(!f || !zDbName) return FSL_RC_MISUSE;
 else if((FSL_DBROLE_NONE==role) || !*zDbName) return FSL_RC_RANGE;
 switch(role){
 case FSL_DBROLE_REPO:
 case FSL_DBROLE_CKOUT:
 case FSL_DBROLE_CONFIG:
 db = fsl_cx_db_for_role(f, role);
 break;
 default:
 assert(!"not possible");
 db = NULL;
 /* We'll fall through and segfault in a moment... */
 }
 assert(db);
 try_again:
 if(!f->dbMain) {
 assert(!"Not possible since moving to a :memory: main db.");
 /* This is the first db. It is now our main db. */
 assert( FSL_DBROLE_NONE==db->role );
 assert( NULL==db->dbh );
 assert( role == FSL_DBROLE_CONFIG
 || role == FSL_DBROLE_REPO
 || role == FSL_DBROLE_CKOUT );
 f->dbMain = db;
 db->f = f;
 rc = fsl_db_open( db, zDbName, FSL_OPEN_F_RW );
 if(!rc){
 db->role = role;
 assert(!db->name);
#if 0
 db->name = fsl_strdup( fsl_db_role_label(FSL_DBROLE_MAIN) );
 if(!db->name) rc = FSL_RC_OOM;
#else
 /* Many thanks to Simon Slavin, native resident of the sqlite3
 mailing list, for this... we apply the db's "real" name via
 an ATTACH, meaning that all the client-side kludgery to get the
 proper DB name is now obsolete.
 */
 rc = fsl_db_attach( db, zDbName, fsl_db_role_label(role) );
 if(!rc){
 db->name = fsl_strdup( fsl_db_role_label(role) );
 if(!db->name) rc = FSL_RC_OOM;
 }
#endif
 }
 /* MARKER(("db->role=%d\n",db->role)); */
 /* g.db = fsl_db_open(zDbName); */
 /* g.zMainDbType = zLabel; */
 /* f->mainDbType = zLabel; */
 /* f->dbMain.role = FSL_DBROLE_MAIN; */
 }else{
 /* Main db has already been opened. Attach this one to it... */
 assert( (int)FSL_DBROLE_NONE!=f->dbMain->role );
 assert( f == f->dbMain->f );
 if(NULL == f->dbMain->dbh){
 /* It was closed in the meantime. Re-assign dbMain... */
 MARKER(("Untested: re-assigning f->dbMain after it has been closed.\n"));
 assert(!"Broken by addition of f->dbMem.");
 f->dbMain = NULL;
 goto try_again;
 }
 if((int)role == db->role){
 return fsl_cx_err_set(f, FSL_RC_ACCESS,
 "Cannot open/attach db role "
 "#%d (%s) more than once.",
 (int)role, fsl_db_role_label(role));
 }
 rc = fsl_cx_attach_role(f, zDbName, role);
 wasAttached = 1;
 }
 if(!rc){
 if(pWasAttached) *pWasAttached = wasAttached;
 }else{
 if(db->error.code){
 fsl_cx_uplift_db_error(f, db);
 }
 if(db==f->dbMain) f->dbMain = NULL;
 fsl_db_close(db);
 }
 return rc;
}
int fsl_config_close( fsl_cx * f ){
int fsl_config_close( fsl_cx * const f ){
 if(!f) return FSL_RC_MISUSE;
 else{
 int rc;
 fsl_db * db = &f->config.db;
 fsl_db * const db = &f->config.db;
 if(db->dbh){
 /* Config is our main db. Close them all */
 assert(!"Not possible since f->dbMem added.");
 assert(f->dbMain==db);
 fsl_ckout_close(f);
 fsl_repo_close(f);
 rc = fsl_db_close(db);
 f->dbMain = NULL;
 }else if(f->dbMain && (FSL_DBROLE_CONFIG & f->dbMain->role)){
 if(f->dbMain && (FSL_DBROLE_CONFIG & f->dbMain->role)){
 /* Config db is ATTACHed. */
 assert(f->dbMain!=db);
 rc = fsl_cx_detach_role(f, FSL_DBROLE_CONFIG);
 }
 else rc = FSL_RC_NOT_FOUND;
 assert(!db->dbh);
 fsl_db_clear_strings(db, 1);
 return rc;
 }
}
int fsl_repo_close( fsl_cx * f ){
int fsl_repo_close( fsl_cx * const f ){
 if(fsl_cx_transaction_level(f)){
 return fsl_cx_err_set(f, FSL_RC_MISUSE,
 "Cannot close repo with opened transaction.");
 }else{
 int rc;
 fsl_db * db = &f->repo.db;
 fsl_db * const db = &f->


Synergy between particles and nitrogen dioxide on emergency hospital admissions for cardiac diseases in Hong Kong.
@article{Yu2013SynergyBP,
 title={Synergy between particles and nitrogen dioxide on emergency hospital admissions for cardiac diseases in Hong Kong.},
 author={Ignatius Tak-sun Yu and Hong Qiu and Xiaorong Wang and Linwei Tian and Lap Ah Tse},
 journal={International journal of cardiology},
 year={2013},
 volume={168 3},
 pages={2831-6}
}
BACKGROUND Ambient air pollution is a complex mixture of particles and gaseous pollutants. Epidemiological studies are moving toward a multipollutant approach, requiring an understanding of possible interactions among the pollutants. We aim to estimate the joint effects of particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on emergency hospital admissions for cardiac diseases, and to explore the possible interactions between PM10 and NO2. METHODS We… CONTINUE READING


text:
1451 is the date the hwacha is supposed to have been invented in Korea. Was there a precursor with a similar configuration in the Ming dynasty prior to 1451 that is not like the earlier huoche version?
I have no idea regarding the construction of the huoche used Jingnan war (_PHONE_). But jugding by the "Wubei zhi" image we can assume that Mao Yuan Yi just copied this pic from Wujing Zongyao (ashe used samples from more than 2000 old treatises). IMHO the answer is in original edition of Wujing Zongyao.
Let me quote the article from Korea (by Yang Sung-jin) regarding hwacha.
On Jan. 16, 1451, King Munjong appeared in a military exercise taking
place near the palace. A total of 700 soldiers formed a tactical lineup
composed of a mock attack and defense. The operation was orderly and fine-tuned, the Annals historiographers observed.
Meanwhile, cannons were test-fired in front of the king. Then, the soldiers performed a demonstration of hwacha (fire cartwheel) which shot through all the targets positioned 80 steps apart.
So there is no indications that the weapon was invented that time, but only the demo-firing of this weapon was mentioned.


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InfoQ Homepage Articles Using singleton classes for object metadata
Using singleton classes for object metadata
This item in japanese
So you have a bunch of objects - an object graph - the result of some operation or API call. The task: analyze the data and store the results of the analysis as metadata for the graph.
Too abstract? Think of how a compiler works: the parser spits out a parse tree (or Abstract Syntax Tree or AST) that represents the code as tree structure. Then: a lot of algorithms run over the tree in passes: gathering symbols in the symbol table, doing type inference, using these types to do type checking, etc.
But wait: the last two passes show the problem: where does the type inferencing code store its data for the type checker to use? It'd be most convenient to store the data where it's needed - i.e. if an expression node (in the AST) is found to return type Foo, then it'd be best to store that information right in the node.
To illustrate the solution, we'll look at some tools that work on ASTs - not a compiler, but tools with similar requirements. In Ruby, the ParseTree library returns Ruby source code as an AST. Example:
[:vcall, :obj, :say_hello, [:array, [:lit, 42], [:lvar, :foo]]]
This is a bit of Ruby code represented as ParseTree AST. Since this is an article and not a VM, it's a bit difficult to work with objects and object references organized as a graph - so we use ParseTree's s-expr representation of the tree. S-exprs are nested lists; each list represents a node in the tree, with the first element specifying the node type. In the sample, the node represents a call to a virtual method (vcall). The parameters are the receiver (the'self' in the called method), the name of the method and the parameters.
Ideas for tools would be a type checker, static analysis tools or automatic refactorings. One of the requirements for tools of that kind to work is some kind of type inference, i.e. determining the types of variables or expressions. For instance, this AST represents a call to the to_s method:
[:vcall, :obj, :to_s]
What information can be gathered about this, and what could be done with this information? The type of the return value, for instance. This is hard to determine - but since it's to_s, a method that returns the string representation of an object - let's just say it returns "String". This is not necessarily true - it's a guess. For tools such as a code completion, it's fine enough - 100 % accuracy isn't possible for these matters. Although in some cases, more information could be gathered, and the analyzer could determine more accurate information.
Analyzers work on the tree and annotate the AST with the metadata they have determined. For keeping codebases modular, it's a good idea to separate the analyzers from the metadata consumers, i.e. the code that walks the AST and does something with the metadata. For instance, a Ruby editor could highlight a method that overrides another in its superclass.
The solution
Long story short: here's a solution for annotating ParseTree nodes:
node = [:vcall, :obj, :to_s]
def node.set_metadata(key, value)
 _USER_ ||=
 _USER_[key] = value
def node.metadata
_USER_ ||= {}
node.set_metadata(:type, :String)
What does that do?
The secret sauce: singleton classes
Every object in Ruby is the instance of a class. Unlike many other OOP languages, Ruby allows you to change an object's class. Don't confuse this with open classes: in Ruby, it's possible to modify a class - even at runtime. Singleton classes are similar - except that they only affect one object's class. While the difference might seem small - it has the big benefit of limiting the effects of the class modification to the affected object. Open classes, on the other hand, change the class definition for all the code and all the objects of these classes. This is useful, but can also mess with other people's code and if too many pieces of code do it on common classes, name clashes with existing methods can happen. In the case of ParseTree nodes - which are ordinary Ruby Arrays - this means that only the actually used Array objects are affected - not all the Arrays on the heap.
Another way to see this: with singleton classes, the changes to the class stay local to the code that creates and uses them - they never need to be visible outside. Open classes, on the other hand, are global changes: a class name is a global variable, i.e. "String" refers to the class object representing Strings. Just as more scoped variables (local variables, member variables) are preferable over global variables, so are singleton classes to open classes.
Of course: which solution to choose (singleton or open classes) depends on the particular situation. With open classes, the change to the class happens once - after it, all objects of that class have the added methods. With singleton classes, the change to the class (i.e. creating the singleton class and changing the object's class pointer to point to it) happens at every change.
The syntax - as seen above - is simple:
def object_variable.method_name()
# code
The variable pointing to the object is prefixed to the method name. A more flexible and modular way is to use Mixins to do it. This allows to collect methods that handle some aspect in a Module and mix them in in one go. E.g.
module Metadata
def set_metadata(key, val)
_USER_[key] = val
def metadata
_USER_ ||= {}
x = [:vcall, :obj, :to_s]
x.extend Metadata
x.set_metadata(:type, :String)
Mixins allow to mix functions defined in a Module into a class - in this sample, it's the node object's singleton class. Again: only this object will have these methods now.
Another example - dead code removal
If the static analyzer code is too abstract, let's try another tool: a dead code remover. "Dead code" is simply code that doesn't really do anything and can be removed without changing the behavior of the program. Like this code:
for x in [1,2,3] do
With our annotating concept, we can look for this kind of code and annotate it as such:
node.metadata(:dead_code, :true)
But marking the code as dead is only the first step - now we need to remove it. This is where it's easy to see that it makes sense to split up analysis and action part. An IDE might just want to highlight some code as dead code, but it might also offer a simple way (a Quick Fix) that removes the code.
How can this code be removed? Sure - it'd be possible to dump the node from the AST and then use Ruby2Ruby to spit out Ruby source. But that's not a very nice solution: Ruby2Ruby turns ParseTree ASTs into Ruby source code, but it loses a lot of useful information, such as formatting (white space) and comments. Dropping these is not acceptable in an IDE or refactoring/cleanup tools.
Metadata to the rescue: the nodes can be annotated with source locations - ie. where this particular node is found in the original source code. And with that - it's easy: the cleanup code simply marches through the code, finds all nodes marked with :dead_code and removes them in the source file, using the character offsets of the source location metadata. (Of course - once some nodes were removed, the offsets of the rest of the nodes are off. This can be solved by simply tracking the number of deleted characters and subtracting them from the actual offsets. With that, it's not necessary to reparse and re-analyze the source).
The examples in this article were focussed on language tools - but the ideas are usable for all kinds of object collections. Wherever object graphs need to be annotated, possibly in multiple passes by independently written analyzers, it's convenient to store the annotations with the nodes. If the classes of the object graph are not under the developer's control and are extensively used elsewhere (e.g. the Array class in ParseTree), singleton classes are a good choice. For other situations, open classes might be a better solution.
As for implementing the specific tools mentioned here: ParseTree is available for Ruby 1.8.x, in Rubinius and JRuby (jparsetree). The JRuby version also adds source locations for the individual nodes, so it's even easier to modify source. Have fun coming up with ideas for tools and writing them - it's easy with Ruby.
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text:
OptiX RTN PI-DC B20
Product Overview and Installation Guide
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD .
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2018. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior
written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Address: Huawei Industrial Base
People's Republic of China
- Customer equipment connected to the GE electrical ports of outdoor PIs must have surge protection
capabilities. If customer equipment does not have surge protection capabilities, PIs must be installed indoors.
- Do not touch the connector terminals or pins of P&E cables or DC power cables. Instead, hold the insulation
parts of the cables.
- Prevent conductors or hands from touching the terminals or pins in the P&E ports and DC input/output ports on
- Before installing a DC input power cable on a PI, identify the positive and negative ends of the cable. Ensure
that the cable is connected correctly. Install a circuit breaker at the negative end of the external power supply
device to prevent circuit loops from damaging the power cable and PI.
- Before installing a DC output power cable on a PI, identify the positive and negative ends of the cable. Ensure
that the cable is connected correctly. Do not connect the output port of the external power supply device to the
DC output port of the PI.
- Do not connect the output port of the external power supply device to a P&E port of the PI.
- Do not install any cables when devices are powered on.
- When making and installing cables, avoid dropping any metal scraps or other miscellaneous objects into a PI.
- After setting DIP switches, switch off the power supply. After waiting for 6 seconds, switch on the power supply


text: The Rotecna VRH-3 and VRH-3D water level valves maximize water availability and provide a uniform water level. Their elastic membranes provide a secure fit for the valve. Both valves require minimum pressure, so more valves can be installed in the same circuit.Rotecna's VRH-3 and VRH-3D valves can be used in applications such as farrowing, gestation, weaning, and fishing. The difference between the two valves lies in their connections to the water supply. The VRH-3 has a multi-directional water entrance and a tap at the back to open or close the water supply. The VRH-3D Features a direct connection to the water line and is provided with a water filter. Each of the valve's membranes guarantee a perfect watertight seal. The pipe does not require tools, features fast down pipe connection, and works with lower water pressure (minimum 0.5 bar pressure). It works without any electrical or mechanical gadget, opens and closes efficiently and is out of reach of animals.


text:
Sci Fi Science – Superbot by Michio Kaku
Robot Engineers at the University of Southern California have created a super robot that can recombine and reform to create a new machine. Can this invention be used to create an intelligent robot?
Physics of the Future: How Science Will Shape Human Destiny and Our Daily Lives by the Year 2100 by Michio Kaku
Physics of the Impossible: A Scientific Exploration into the World of Phasers, Force Fields, Teleportation, and… by Michio Kaku
Parallel Worlds: A Journey Through Creation, Higher Dimensions, and the Future of the Cosmos by Michio Kaku
Hyperspace: A Scientific Odyssey Through Parallel Universes, Time Warps, and the 10th Dimens ion by Michio Kaku
Visions: How Science Will Revolutionize the 21st Century by Michio Kaku
Sci Fi Science: Seasons 1 & 2 by Michio Kaku
(1) How To Build A Light Saber:
Harvard University's Dr. Ron Walsworth uses cutting edge science and existing technology to show how we could build the most popular movie weapon ever.
(2) How To Blow Up a Planet:
Could a real life death star ever actually be built? Dr. Michio Kaku believes that an advanced civilization might be able to manipulate ray bursters and beam destruction onto whatever planet they liked.
(3) How to Build A Force Field:
Dr. Michio Kaku reveals how to build a real life deflector shield using components from cutting-edge experiments and theoretical physics.
(4) How To Build A Sci-fi Robot:
Learn how artificial intelligence is becoming reality.
(5) How To Build a Starship:
Dr. Michio Kaku sets out to design a craft that really can travel to the stars. He fires up Princeton University's plasma engine and visits the world's largest vacuum chamber at NASA's Plumbrook space facility.
(6) How To Explore the Universe:
Dr. Michio Kaku visits Brookhaven National laboratory's atom smasher where particles are accelerated to near light speed. Professor Miguel Alcubierre explains how Star Trek provided inspiration for a breakthrough equation showing how a spacecraft could travel at warp speed.
(7) How To Travel to a Parallel Universe:
MIT cosmologist Alan Guth explains his recipe for creating your own universe in the lab.
(8) How To Become a Superhero:
New technologies are rocketing superhero powers off the pages of comic books and into the real world.
(9) How To Teleport:
Teleportation is already taking place on an atomic level at the Joint Quantum Institute at the University of Maryland.
(10) How To Travel Through Time:
Professor Jeffrey Hoffman, the first man to spend more than a thousand hours in space, explains why the effects of time dilation make him a time traveler. Dr. J. Richard Gott at Princeton came up with a theory for time travel that uses cosmic strings-gargantuan threads of primordial energy that are left over from the big bang.
(11) How To Become Invisible:
Dr. Michio Kaku visits Japan where he tests out an optical camouflage cloak and meets its inventor, Professor Susumu Tachi.
(12) How To Build a Flying Saucer:
Meet cosmologist Alan Guth who believes that out in deep space we may one day find exotic monopole magnets. If he's right – our skies could be full of flying saucers.
(1) Earth 2.0:
Dr. Is it possible to transform a neighboring Planet into a second Earth? Space scientist Geoff Landis demonstrates how we could build floating cities in the gaseous atmosphere of Venus.
(2) Galactic Colonization:
Dr. Michio Kaku shows how the colonization of the galaxy could become reality.
(3) Deep Impact:
90% of the rocks in space are big enough to destroy civilization. To deal with the multiple threats, Dr. Kaku designs a laser equipped system to zap the space rocks before they hit us.
(4) A New Solar System:
Dr. Michio Kaku meets Paul Butler of the Carnegie Institute who identifies 47 Ursae Majoris as our nearest suitable star, where a new solar system can be constructed.
(5) Alien Invasion:
Dr. Michio Kaku explores what would we really do if a hostile alien race were intent on invading the Earth.
(6) First Contact:
Do aliens really exist? Dr. Michio Kaku thinks so. Find out how can he be so sure.
(7) Destroy the Death Star:
Dr. Michio Kaku talks swarm tactics with top gun pilot Colonel Rod Zastrow, who flew an F15 in the Gulf War, and reveals the truth about dogfights in space.
(8) Black Hole Odyssey:
Dr. Michio Kaku aims to sort fact from fiction and work out how to travel through a black hole and survive.
(9) A.I. Uprising:
We're fast approaching the moment when machines will be smarter than we are.
(10) Cyborg Army:
Could we one day build our own army of superhuman cyborgs to protect us from extraterrestrial threats? Find out how.
Seth Goldstein at Carnegie Mellon explains how programmable matter will mean objects can shape-shift at the touch of a button.
(12) Shapeshifting Transformer:
Dr. Michio Kaku is on a quest to build a real life shapeshifting Transformer. While doing so, he puts the finishing touches to his very own version of Optimus Prime.
The Best of Discovery Channel:
2057 (3 Episodes)


Learn about the goalline technology in football nowadays (Part 1)
Currently in major football leagues around the world, modern technologies are heavily applied. In there such as Var technology, driverless bus, smartphone integrated ball.
The most typical of which is Goal technology. So what is Goal technology? Why is there Goalline technology in football?
Why is there Goldline technology in football?
Up to now, in every football field, every decision has been made by the referee. Almost no one can explain and decide on behalf of this leader. That's why people used to call the referee the king of every pitch.
However, in every game, the argument about the goal is always obvious. Everyone argued with the ball close to the line of the goal line. Now all decisions are based on referees, so there will be times when the right time is not. That's right, people with 2 eyes and 2 hands, how can we ask for a lot of referee.
Of course, it is also for this reason that Goalline technology has officially been born. This technology is designed to provide the most transparent and fair answers to arbitration. At the same time can help the remaining team can regain their true ball.
Moreover, the situation of unfortunate bloodshed for both sides of the team is limited. So what is Goal technology? How do they work and are they really accurate?
What is the concept of goal?
You can simply understand Goldline technology. This is a technology that helps the referee determine the ball. That is, they can tell the correct result if the ball has rolled over the goal line or not. This technology includes many sophisticated devices that can identify and analyze road data. Or analyze the position of the ball and the golf ball to calculate goals for the teams.
Goldline technology identifies the ball across the goal line
Goldline technology is manufactured by GoalControl of Germany. According to records from FIFA, this technology has passed the guarantee period. They can accurately identify up to 68 goals scored in the League Cup in 2013.
However, currently only 2 Goldline technologies have been certified by FIFA as quality. So what are 2 Goldline technologies? Specifically, the camera recognizes and senses the magnetic field.


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India, with its myriad of cultures, stunning landscapes, and vibrant traditions, is an enchanting destination for travelers. From the bustling streets of Mumbai to the tranquil backwaters of Kerala, every part of this vast country offers a unique experience. To make your Indian adventure as smooth and memorable as possible, you'll want some essential travel apps at your fingertips. Let's explore a range of these apps that can transform your journey across India into an unforgettable experience.
Table of Contents
Trotter It is a remarkable travel companion that transcends the boundaries of traditional travel apps. It empowers travelers to craft unique digital travel journals, seamlessly blending text, photos, and videos to immortalize their adventures. However, what truly sets Trotter It apart is its A.I.-driven feature that transforms ordinary trip photos into mesmerizing Special Effects videos. This visual storytelling element adds an exciting dimension to travel memories.
- Trotter It simplifies travel planning by aggregating recommendations from fellow travelers, ensuring that you discover not only the popular attractions but also hidden gems.
- Trotter It hosts a thriving community of like-minded travelers who share their stories and experiences, creating a source of inspiration and connection.
2. IRCTC Rail Connect: Navigating Indian Railways
For many travelers, a train journey through India is a quintessential experience. The IRCTC Rail Connect app streamlines this experience by allowing you to book tickets, check PNR status, and access train schedules and routes.
- Easy Booking: Securely and swiftly book train tickets, including the option for Tatkal bookings.
- Live Train Status: Stay informed about your train's real-time location and expected arrival times.
- Seat Availability: Check seat availability and select your preferred class for a comfortable journey.
3. Google Maps: Your Trusted Navigation Companion
When it comes to navigating India's intricate streets and diverse terrain, Google Maps is an indispensable tool. It offers turn-by-turn directions, real-time traffic updates, and information about nearby attractions.
- Offline Maps: Download maps for offline use, particularly valuable in areas with limited connectivity.
- Local Recommendations: Discover popular local restaurants, landmarks, and hidden gems.
- Public Transport Info: Access information on buses, metros, and local trains, helping you explore the cities like a local.
4. Zomato / Swiggy – Savoring India's Culinary Delights
India's culinary diversity is a treat for foodies, and Zomato is your culinary guide. The app provides restaurant reviews, menus, and food delivery services.
- Restaurant Reviews: Read user reviews and ratings to find the best dining options in your area.
- Online Ordering: Order food online and have it delivered to your location.
- Table Reservations: Reserve a table at your favorite restaurant with ease.
5. Weather App – Staying Weather-Ready
India's climate varies significantly from region to region, so it's essential to stay informed about the weather conditions during your travels. A reliable weather app can be your best friend.
- Real-Time Updates: Get accurate weather forecasts, so you can plan your activities accordingly.
- Monsoon Alerts: Stay informed about monsoon conditions, which can vary greatly across India.
These travel apps, carefully designed for India's unique challenges and experiences, are your companions for a journey of discovery and adventure. Whether you're planning a solo backpacking expedition, a family vacation, or a romantic getaway, these apps will make your travel experience in India more enjoyable and memorable. So, go ahead and download these apps, embark on your Indian adventure, and let the captivating magic of this extraordinary country unfold before you.


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A Co-Simulation Tool for Behavioral and DSP Implementation Design: The Motorola DSP Developers Kit
The system design reuse problem is described and the disadvantage of the old methodologies is highlighted. The Motorola DSP Developers Kit (MDDK) solves this by providing dual functions at the behavioural and DSP implementation levels. Having developed a behavioural algorithm in Matlab or a system-level model in Simuiink designers can replace some or all of the implementation independent floating-point functions by fixed-point equivalents that execute actual DSP code on a cycle-accurate co-simulator for the selected DSP core or chip within the Matlab/Simulink environment. The concurrent implementation allows users to view DSP memory from Matlab or the DSP simulator. They can opt to run the DSP functions interactively in which case a fully-featured debugger allows them to debug user-written functions or modify the supplied tinctions. A robust API between Matlab/SimuIink and the underlying simulators coupled with a 'Custom Function Builder' provide advanced users with the means of developing their own functions. Performance profiling features allow optimization by providing information on memory usage, instruction and cycle count. Resimulating the system model in the same tool using the same test fixture provides the user with a very controlled and convenient way of transitioning the design into detailed software implementation.
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Once you are finished and click submit, your modifications will be sent to our editors for review.
geography of Asturias
...concentrated. Structurally, this is a longitudinal depression running between the centres of Cangas de Onis (east) and Oviedo (west). The Cantabrian Mountains rise to the south, with the glaciated Europa Peaks established as a national park. Valleys run north to south, but Leitariegos Pass is the only easily accessible pass into the neighbouring region of Castile-León. Annual...
physiography of Cantabrian Mountains
...and the Cantabrian coastlands in the north, but the eastern and western limits are indistinct. The eastern foothills south of Cantabria rise abruptly into the gigantic limestone mountains of the Europa Peaks, which include Torrecerredo (8,688 feet [2,648 metres]) and the Labra Peak (6,620 feet [2,018 metres]). The main ridge continues westward, usually less than 60 miles (100 km) wide but...
What made you want to look up "Europa Peaks"? Please share what surprised you most...


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Portage, MI (PRWEB) September 22, 2012
Help your child tackle fifth grade spelling this fall with Learning Gems' intergalactic educational app for tablets featuring 28 different lists that include 556 words presented by a charming alien host.
Spelling Space – 5th Grade, now available for tablets in the Barnes & Noble and Amazon Kindle app stores as well as from Google Play, features spelling lists that have been mirrored to those from an existing 5th grade teacher's lists. Through this collaboration with elementary educators, Learning Gems was able to create 28 different lists that challenge 5th graders to correctly spell 556 high frequency words. The words were then recorded in a female voice from an actual teacher for the audio portion of the app.
During gameplay, the words are read aloud to the students who can then type in their response on a keyboard. Each correct answer awards them with an asteroid that will come into play upon completing the spelling list. Once the spelling list has been finished, the student can put their earned asteroids to action shooting at space ships in Spelling Space – 5th Grade's exciting mini game. This reward keeps youngsters engaged and excited about spelling practice.
Individual accounts can be created in the game for each participant. Then, spelling lists can be assigned to the different student to practice. Every grade received is recorded and stored so progress can be measured. Spelling Space – 5th Grade makes a great tool for homeschooling, in classrooms or for extra practice outside of school. Entire lists can be attempted or trouble words can be singled out to best help the student grasp the spelling of a word.
Other versions of Spelling Space are available from Learning Gems as well. There are versions geared toward 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 6th grade students. Yet another spelling practice app, Spelling Space – Ultimate, allows users to create their own unique spelling lists.
The Learning Gems team consists of experienced school teachers, programmers, graphic designers and copywriters. A venture of Blue Fire Media, Learning Gems offers other learning apps that encourage youngsters to practice math, memory skills, Spanish and other basic concepts including colors and shapes. Sister company Blue Fire Media specializes in web design and development, web marketing and SEO.


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- East Asia (1)
- Baikal, Lake (Russia)
- Lakes and ponds (1)
- Railroad accidents (1)
- Railroads (1)
- Russo-Japanese War, _PHONE_ (1)
- Satires (Visual works) (1)
- Soldiers (1)
Type of Item
Map of Baikal, a Sea, a Lake, or an Angara Gap, Located in the Irkutsk Province with All the Neighboring [Territory], Whose Mathematical Measurements were Completed and it Became Fully Known in 1806
Lake Baikal and the region around it were extensively explored by Russian expeditions in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. This map shows in great detail the shoreline of the lake and the network of rivers flowing into and out of Baikal. The title of the map is shown in a cartouche. Below the title is a single-headed eagle, holding in its talons the coat of arms of Irkutsk Province. The illustration at the lower left is a view of Nikolaevsk Pier, located at the point where the Angara...
Russian Railroad Troop Transport and Soldiers Crashing through Ice
The Russo-Japanese War (1904–5) was documented in various forms of media, such as woodblock prints, photographs, and illustrations. The victories of the Japanese military in the early stages of the war inspired propaganda prints by Japanese artists. This print forms part of the series, Rokoku seibatsu senshō shōwa (The expeditionary war against Russia: tales of laughter). The illustrator is Utagawa Kokunimasa, also known as Baidō Bōsai or Utagawa Kunimasa V (1874–1944). The satirical writer Honekawa Dojin (pseudonym of Nishimori Takeki, 1862–1913) supplied each illustration with an accompanying...


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I've got a sprite group which needs to be drawn in a certain order so its sprites overlap as they should.
However even when sorting the group using operator module function (sorted(self.sprites, key=attrgetter('y','x')) the order is wrong.
How can I fix this behaviour?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
Straightforwardly, you can't:
The Group does not keep sprites in any order, so the draw order is arbitrary.
Use an OrderedUpdates group instead:
This class derives from pygame.sprite.RenderUpdates - Group class that tracks dirty updates. It maintains the order in which the Sprites were added to the Group for rendering. This makes adding and removing Sprites from the Group a little slower than regular Groups.
Alternatively, you can keep different 'layers' of sprites in different groups, keeping the order of groups correct.
share|improve this answer
+1 for a simple solution – CyberneticTwerkGuruOrc Dec 26 '13 at 18:10
Your Answer


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Reception of a PPP packet with an unknown Protocol field indicates that the peer is attempting to use a protocol which is unsupported. This usually occurs when the peer attempts to configure a new protocol. If the LCP automaton is in the Opened state, then this MUST be reported back to the peer by transmitting a Protocol-Reject.
Upon reception of a Protocol-Reject, the implementation MUST stop sending packets of the indicated protocol at the earliest opportunity.
Protocol-Reject packets can only be sent in the LCP Opened state. Protocol-Reject packets received in any state other than the LCP Opened state SHOULD be silently discarded.
A summary of the Protocol-Reject packet format is shown below. The fields are transmitted from left to right.
0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Code | Identifier | Length | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Rejected-Protocol | Rejected-Information ... +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
8 for Protocol-Reject.
The Identifier field MUST be changed for each Protocol-Reject sent.
The Rejected-Protocol field is two octets, and contains the PPP Protocol field of the packet which is being rejected.
The Rejected-Information field contains a copy of the packet which is being rejected. It begins with the Information field, and does not include any Data Link Layer headers nor an FCS. The Rejected-Information MUST be truncated to comply with the peer's established MRU.


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The United States Penny has one of the most interesting production histories of any American coin. First struck in 1793, the US Penny was once a much larger coin by size than it is today and originally featured nearly 100% copper in its metallic alloy. From 1864 to 1982, it boasted 95% copper and went through far fewer design alterations. In fact, since the 1856 transition to the small cent format, the coin has had just three designs. Right now, 1909 VDB Lincoln Wheat Pennies are available to purchase online from JM Bullion in certified condition.
- Arrives in a protective plastic slab courtesy of the PCGS!
- 1st issue of the Lincoln Wheat Penny!
- Features the famous 1909 VDB initials!
- Limited availability of certified coins!
- Contains 95% copper.
- Bears a face value of $.01 (USD) backed by the federal government.
- Issued a Grade of Mint State 66 by the Professional Coin Grading Service.
- RD specimens.
- President Abraham Lincoln on the obverse.
- Wheat stalks on the reverse.
Each 1909 VDB Lincoln Wheat Penny available in this JM Bullion product listing comes to you in a plastic slab with a Mint State 66 certification. Coins in this condition exhibit an above-average mint luster with no more than three or four minor contact marks. It is also possible for a few light hairlines to show under magnification. The RD notation in the label means these coins have a red mint luster.
The 1909 Lincoln Penny marked the end of the Indian Head Cent and the start of a new era in American coining. While the Lincoln bust remains on the penny to this day, more than 110 years later, the more important feature of this release is what the portrait of Abraham Lincoln meant for the future of American coining. This was the first time an American president featured on such a widely distributed coin. In the decades to come, the likes of Presidents George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and John F. Kennedy would all come to grace American circulation coins.
President Abraham Lincoln features in right-profile relief on the obverse of 1909 Lincoln Wheat Pennies. This bust was created in 1909 for the penny and was first used on the Lincoln Wheat Cent design variation, a program that ran through 1958 before being replaced with the reverse image of the Lincoln Memorial.
Two wheat stalks are found in the reverse design of the 1909 VDB Lincoln Wheat Penny. This design offers a view of two wheat stalks surrounding the denomination of the coin. The notable feature of these 1909 pennies is the inclusion of Victor David Brenner's VDB initials. This only occurred during the first several months of production in 1909. The coining of pennies was eventually halted and the VDB initials were removed after some public backlash.
If you have any questions, please feel free to ask. JM Bullion customer service is available at _PHONE_, online using our live chat, and via our email address.


text: Electronic nose technology offers non-destructive alternative to sense aroma, can be used to assess fruit ripening stage during shelf life. The objective of this study was to monitor tomato storage shelf life during two storage treatments using PEN 2 electronic nose (E-nose). Principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used to distinguish the different tomato storage time. The obtained results proved that tomato with different storage time can be monitored by the E-nose, but very clear separation among all groups of different storage time was not achieved. By PCA and LDA, E-nose could more clearly discrimination storage time of tomato in carton box than one in folded bag. The correlations between the measured and predicted values of fruit quality attribute (soluble solids content, pH, and puncture force) showed poor prediction performance on the base of signals of E-nose sensors.


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Help with your AGL Energy account or AGL online tools.
Hi there. I have been quite concerned about my high gas bill and am now taking steps to reduce it. I want to keep tabs on the usage, know how to calculate so I can have an estimated figure in mind come next billing period
Go to Answer
Thank you for your enquiry!
The formula used to calculate your gas consumption in mega joules can vary slightly depending on the type of gas meter you have at your property. However, the most common formula is as follows:
(End read - Start read) x Heating value x Pressure factor = Usage (MJ)


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Access to Culture in Brazil
The links between Culture and human rights, as well as the role of Culture in fighting discrimination, are issues Brazil has been trying to face. Nevertheless, the integration of Culture with other social policies is a recent experience which still calls for improvement.
It is now time to recognize cultural rights as a basic need and a right of citizens and that indicates the need to pursue an agenda integrated to social policies and development policies.
Despite the recent trends, the impacts have not been sufficient to reduce inequalities regarding access to cultural production and, hence it is crucial to pay extra care to prevent economic growth from exacerbating such inequalities even further.
Inequalities in access to cultural production:
- Entertainement: the minority of Brazilians go to the cinema at least once a year. Almost all Brazilians have never been to a museum nor have ever visited an art exhibition. More than 70% to Brazilians have never watched a dance show, although many go out for dancing. The majority of the municipalities do not have a cinema, theatre, museum or multiuse cultural spaces.
- Books and Libraries: Brazilians barely have reading habits. Most of the books are in the hands of only few. Book prices are high if compared to the income of Brazilians belonging to C/D/E social classes. Many Brazilian municipalities have no library, almost all of these are located in the Northeast region of the country, while only two are in the Southeast.
- Access to Internet: A very high percentage of Brazilians have no PC at home, and within that group the majority have absolutely no access to Internet (either at work, or in school).
- Cultural Professionals: Half of the population working in the field of culture are not in regular employment or are self-employed. (Source: Ministry of Culture – IBGE - IPEA).
By focusing cultural policies on the state and local levels, it could be possible to have an assistance in overcoming the inequality on the access to culture and in reinforcing cultural diversity as a relevant factor in the sustainability of development.


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Recommended Contract Pratices for Underground Construction (Paperback)William W. Edgerton (editor)
- We can order this
Recommended Contract Practices for Underground Construction is the first industry-wide effort to improve contract procedures in more than 30 years. Commissioned by the Underground Construction Association of the Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, this manual is an indispensable resource for contractors, consultants, suppliers, and owners anticipating underground projects. The authors suggest better practices during all stages of a project, when decisions are made that can affect the contract positively or negatively.
Part one focuses on the practices and disciplines that build the foundation for effective contracts during the early phases of a project. Part two discusses best practices for contract provisions, payment mechanisms, and dispute resolution.
By following these recommendations, you'll reduce the mistrust and costly disputes that often arise from the contract process. The result will be improved relationships, better contracts, and, most importantly, projects that are most cost-effective for owners and more profitable for contractors.
Publisher: Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration
Number of pages: 156
Dimensions: 229 x 152 mm


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Do you want to build a wooden flute out of bamboo, because it doesn't exist in stores?
Do you want to create a wooden flute out of bamboo for a specific or custom need?
Having trouble finding detailed plans to build a wooden flute out of bamboo?
Find specific step-by-step plans to build a wooden flute out of bamboo with descriptions and measurements. Simple instructions for beginners to build a wooden flute out of bamboo, no need to be a master craftsman with access to expensive tools and a large workshop!
What if I told you that you could get your hands on 16,000 carpentry projects like a wooden flute out of bamboo with plans already "made for you" that include step-by-step plans.
To tinker with wood correctly, at the minimum of equipment with a strong and trustworthy work desk is required. Beech timber is ideal for the manufacture of kitchen furniture, stools and cutting boards because it is washable. Working on wood design remains child's play if you've got the perfect gear, i.e. the grinder, shredder and biscuit joiner. The table saw is typically thought of as the workhorse of their woodshop, since it's likely the most versatile and productive of woodworking machines. The accessories needed to reduce the wood correctly are the meter, the square and the spirit level for straight and regular lines.
Woodworking Plans PDF for build a wooden flute out of bamboo
Would you like to make a wooden flute out of bamboo? Whether you are a complete beginner, an amateur carpenter with hand tools or a seasoned pro, you will find thousands of projects that will suit your level and ideas for building a wooden flute out of bamboo.
All of the principles are thoughts, but failure to follow these principles will considerably increase the chance of injury when working with your own tools Despite the fact that they're restricted to the woodshop, these workhorses are so helpful that it makes sense to fill out the woodworking job in the shop and carry the finished project to the location or job website in which it will be used. Woodworking jigs are useful for making somewhat difficult tasks easier and consistently repeatable. Most woodworking jigs which can be purchased may be homemade. Discover how to make these simple and powerful woodworking jigs in such woodworking plans. Fortunately, you can secure your saw's table by following these simple tips. The belt sander is the most widely used version in grinding because it is equipped with an interchangeable abrasive belt which is ideal for trimming large surfaces such as parquet.
When planks are too thick, the very best strength tool for planing them down to the appropriate thickness is your surface planer. Here's what to look for while purchasing a top planer for your timber store. To tinker with wood correctly, at the minimum of equipment with a strong and trustworthy work table is required. Dealing with wood demands a little skill, but also some resources that are crucial for an excellent realization. Creating objects with your palms brings great moments of calmness and could be a perfect antidote to the stress of contemporary life. When a saw blade is not quite as sharp as it should be, the tool and the woodworker will have to work harder to complete the desired task.
Woodworking, if hard or soft, requires specific practices and adapted gear. All the rules are thoughts, but failure will considerably increase the odds of injury when working with your own tools A layout square is a triangular-shaped measuring tool which has many different uses in carpentry and woodworking. The 6-inch model is far more common, although squares are usually available in models. Even casual DIYers and beginning woodworkers will need one of those helpful tools in the toolbox. You do not need to have the entire range of the perfect carpenter, the majority of the moment, a couple of well-chosen tools are sufficient to reach the tasks you've set for yourself. The scroll saw is an ideal cutting tool to form wooden objects based on a given profile.
The scroll saw consists of a brief, thin blade that moves back and forth, up and down. It's recommended for dividing into little sections, once the thickness doesn't exceed several millimetres. It's particularly used for cutting edge complex and complicated contours. A Layout Square is an invaluable woodworking tool. Whenever I'm in the store, I keep one in nail pouch or my pocket. Intoxicating materials and woodworking are a dangerous mix. If you're even remotely under the influence of any intoxicants Stay out of this wood shop. Another no-brainer suggestion which doesn't bear mentioning, so that's why I'm going to mention it Always check the stock you're preparing to cut for any alloy before starting a cut. Nails and rapidly saw blades aren't a good mix. This 1 tool can rip, cross-cut, miter-cut, square, dado, rabbet, as well as apply shapes to edges of timber inventory. Learn the features one should consider when choosing the woodworking tool in the shop.
Online resource to create a wooden flute out of bamboo
You get detailed step-by-step projects, step-by-step instructions that make a wooden flute out of bamboo construction projects super fast, super easy and super fun.
In carpentry, finishing is your most profitable ultimate step in woodworking. Learn how in this woodworking suggestion. The jointer is often thought of as the best option for straightening an edge of a board. The dip saw is intended for cutting doors, worktops, parquet floors, cabinets, profiles. The immersion railing saw is suggested for precise and deep cuts. The plunging blade offers the prospect of splitting a central part into an whole panel. The fantastic news is that you truly don't need to spend an arm and a leg to purchase a whole lot of tools to get started. Woodworking is a delicate task which takes a great deal of rigour and accuracy.
Distractions are a part of everyday life, and working in the timber store is no different. The sabre saw makes cutting simpler by gliding forth and back. The frame and hacksaw is used for cutting PVC, wood or metal, it is vital to choose it according to the material you want to reduce. This article describes the features to search for when buying a ring saw for your timber store. If the sander, as its name implies, is used to sand wooden components, there are various versions acceptable for specific uses.
Woodworking Database for a wooden flute out of bamboo:
- Woodworking ideas for a wooden flute out of bamboo
- Woodworking designs for a wooden flute out of bamboo
- Woodworking tips for a wooden flute out of bamboo
- Woodworking project plans for a wooden flute out of bamboo
To saw pieces of wood, you must hold them securely on your workbench with straps. To carve wood just like a professional, it is necessary to have a mallet and a hammer, so both striking tools really practical in carpentry. It is practical for many cabinet making and joinery cuts. Its use is procured by the safety switch and the locking of this axis. All the joinery tools are complementary to each other as some are used for planing, sawing and cutting while some are utilised to align the wood. The jigsaw is made up of toothed blade, large or small in dimension, allowing you to slice carefully in a vertical or curved way. Due to the pendulum movement, your attempt is reduced. For more comfort, the self-propelled saws with an ergonomic and ergonomic handle are quite simple to buy online.
An excellent tape measure should have both Standard and Metric markings, a locking mechanism and a slightly loose hook on the end of the tape. The hook is loose on its rivets by design so that the user will get results if the tape is used to take dimensions that are external or internal. Creating objects with your hands brings amazing moments of serenity and may be an ideal antidote to the stress of modern life. The drill press is a very versatile woodworking machine which, because of size issues, is typically only found at the woodshop. The calculation of board feet may seem confusing, but if you understand how to calculate board feet accurately, you can guarantee that you are getting your money's worth on each piece of hardwood. The task of cabinetmaker requires technique and theoretical knowledge to create beautiful wooden pieces.
An amateur carpenter does not need to put money into a whole set of resources, but only specific tools are required. A quality tape measure ought to have both Standard and Metric markings, a locking mechanism and a slightly loose hook on the end of the tape. The hook is loose on its own rivets by design so the user will get results if the tape is utilized to take measurements that are external or internal. While hearing protection is crucial for some quite noisy gear such as routers and surface planers, and latex gloves may be necessary when applying finishes, there's absolutely no time in the wood store that you should be without your safety glasses. When planks are too thick, the very best power tool for planing down them to the appropriate thickness is your surface planer. Here's what to look for while purchasing a surface planer for your wood store. Maintaining your table saw operating smoothly requires some regular maintenance.


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Math Practice Online > free > lessons > Ohio > 8th grade > Variable Substitution
If your child needs math practice, click here.
Evaluate expressions with variables. You may need pencil and paper.
This topic aligns to the following state standards
Grade 6: * Evaluate simple expressions by replacing variables with given values, and use formulas in problem-solving situations.
Copyright Accurate Learning Systems Corporation 2008.
MathScore is a registered trademark.