Questions about dust control?We have answers.
 - What are active chlorides and why are they important for dust control?
 - Active chlorides form the component that inhibits evaporation, increases road bed moisture, and keeps fine particles compact—which is exactly what you need to keep dust down.
 - Calcium chloride and magnesium chloride are active chlorides with strong hygroscopic properties. This means they pull moisture from the air and draw it into the road materials.
 - Other chlorides (sodium, potassium) can't extract moisture from the environment independently. As a result, chlorides other than calcium chloride and magnesium chloride are considered inactive ingredients and can't be effectively used for dust abatement or base stabilization.
 - Brines containing high concentrations of sodium and/or potassium chloride aren't useful for dust control. Once water evaporates, the sodium chloride returns to a solid state. This adds to the dust rather than reducing it.
 - Why is Tiger Calcium's Formula 35 solution the best?
 - We don't need to spray as much Formula 35 solution (up to 14% less) to achieve optimum dust abatement.
 - Tiger Calcium's lower and more efficient application rates mean less risk of harmful overspray impacting the environment and lower overall cost.
 - The result is proven cost savings using Tiger Calcium's Formula 35 Premium Dust Control vs 32% calcium chloride solutions.
 - What is base stabilization?
 - Base stabilization involves grading/grooming the road and during the process mixing additives to increase firmness.
 - Adding calcium chloride makes the road more resistant to wear and tear from vehicles and weather.
 - Adding calcium chloride also reduces the effects of frost heaving.
 - Why is dust control important?
 - It makes roads firmer and improves visibility, which increases safety for road users.
 - Dust control results in less road degradation from vehicles. This reduces the amount of maintenance needed, drastically lowering maintenance costs during the life of the road.
 - It improves health and air quality.
 - It benefits ecosystems by reducing the amount of dust on roadside vegetation and in waterways.
 - Is calcium chloride bad for the environment?
 - Tiger Calcium products are environmentally responsible and safe. In fact, calcium chloride is commonly used in agribusiness as an additive in animal feed and food processing and acts as a fertilizer for certain soil conditions.
 - Food grade calcium chloride is used on fruit trees and vegetables to provide calcium uptake.
 - Calcium chloride does not bio-accumulate.
 - No overspray means no damage to roadside vegetation.
 - Why is Tiger Calcium's liquid calcium chloride the best option for dust control?
 - It is cheaper and has a longer application lifespan than non-calcium chloride products.
 - Roads can be reworked once they've been sprayed.
 - It is a natural product.
 - Tiger Calcium's products are manufactured to remove any heavy metals or impurities.
 - It doesn't bio-accumulate or damage the environment.
 - It is not sticky or messy for road users.
Questions about oilfield fluids?We have answers.
Questions about winter solutions?We have answers.
 - What is calcium chloride?
 A component in Road Guard Plus™, calcium chloride is a multi-functional and adaptable chemical compound that has proven to be an effective solution to many challenges across a variety of industrial settings and natural environments. As a result of its ability to depress the freezing point of water, calcium chloride is commonly used in anti-icing and de-icing applications. Calcium chloride is more effective than traditional sodium chloride and is capable of preventing freezing at temperatures as low as -32°C (-26°F).
 - What is liquid anti-icing?
 Proactive liquid anti-icing is a well-established practice that requires fewer chlorides and abrasives (such as sand and gravel) to achieve safe roads efficiently and responsibly. Reduced chlorides and lower application rates, combined with the presence of an organic inhibitor, all add up to less opportunity for vehicle corrosion, environmental impact and infrastructure interaction, reducing the risk of concrete/asphalt damage.
 - What is inhibited calcium chloride?
 In the case of Road Guard Plus™, an organic corrosion inhibitor that protects concrete and road infrastructure while delivering the highest quality of winter road management is added to a liquid anti-icing agent made of calcium chloride. Lab tests have shown that inhibited calcium chloride is up to 84% less corrosive than traditional rock salt.
 - What are the benefits of using a liquid anti-icing product such as Road Guard Plus™?
 Liquid anti-icers reduce ice formation and prevent bonding between ice and pavement, allowing for easier plowing and snow removal. This reduces the scraping of roads and the wear caused by abrasives and plows. It also leads to reduced plow maintenance costs and a smaller carbon footprint for maintenance vehicles—since plowing is required less frequently.
 One of the most important benefits of a liquid anti-icing product is of course safety for drivers and pedestrians. With liquid anti-icing, safer roads are achieved at a lower overall cost. There is also a reduction in total applied chlorides, which leads to reduced infrastructure and environmental impact and improved water quality.
 Liquids stay on the road more effectively than solid materials, and liquids act as an adhesive for salt and sand/gravel, keeping it on the roadways where it increases friction and effectiveness as needed. Anti-icing lowers the amount of rock salt and sand that scatters off the road, requiring less of these materials to be applied and less cleanup after the season ends. This supports improved air quality and fewer abrasives collected in drainage infrastructure.
 - How is Road Guard Plus™ applied?
 It is sprayed directly onto the road or sidewalk surface (anti-icing), applied directly to ice-pack if proactive measures weren't an option (de-icing) or applied to sand/salt to dampen it prior to road sanding enhancing the effectiveness of these tools (de-icing and road management).
 - What is the difference between anti-icing and de-icing?
 Anti-icing is a proactive winter road solution that helps road maintenance operators take action ahead of a snow event for efficient snow removal.
 Anti-icing product is lightly sprayed onto roads as much as 48-72 hours ahead of a snow event to prevent the snow from sticking to the pavement. This reduces accumulation and ice formation and helps roads stay clear longer. It makes snow removal easier, reducing the need for plowing and sanding.
 De-icing involves applying the product after a snowfall, to more efficiently melt snow and ice after it has accumulated.
 - Will Road Guard Plus™ make roads more slippery once snow melts and then refreezes?
 No, Road Guard Plus™ will not make roads more slippery. Under some conditions, such as a major snow fall, the product may become diluted by melted snow, and reapplication will be required to support continued effectiveness. Failure to reapply or to apply other road management alternatives (abrasives) may result in a refreeze of the liquid snow that remains on the road—something that would have occurred earlier without an anti-icing application.
 - Is Road Guard Plus™ used the same way on all roads?
 No. It is used in a variety of ways and in moderately varying quantities depending on the conditions of the roads and forecasted weather.
 - How much money can Road Guard Plus™ save a municipality?
 The answer is dependent on a number of factors such as weather conditions, the duration and severity of winter, and more. However, numbers provided by Carmacks based on a large highway maintenance project in Edmonton, Alta. point to considerable savings.
 Carmacks has used Road Guard Plus™ for the past five winter seasons on Edmonton's Northwest Anthony Henday Drive ring road project. The company reports that during this time, Road Guard Plus™ reduced the total chlorides used (mostly sodium chloride) on NW Anthony Henday Drive by two-thirds. Carmacks also saw a reduction in sand costs of approximately 25%, a reduction in salt costs of 25-30% and a reduction in equipment hours of roughly 15%.
 - Is Road Guard Plus™ inhibited anti-icing product corrosive?
 Road Guard Plus™, includes an organic-based corrosion inhibitor. This corrosion inhibitor makes up about 10% of the finished formulation of Road Guard Plus™ and protects vehicles, roads and infrastructure from corrosion. Lab tests have shown that our inhibited anti-icer is up to 84% less corrosive than traditional rock salt (sodium chloride).
 The City of Edmonton, which is using Road Guard Plus™ in its anti-icing project, has stated that it does not expect to see an increase in vehicle corrosion for two reasons. First, this inhibited solution has been proven to be less corrosive than traditional sodium chloride road salt, which is mixed into the road sand that Edmonton has been using for many years. Second, the city expects to apply less of the product to roads, when compared to other chlorides in their road management tool kit.
 We are proud to say that Tiger Calcium's Road Guard Plus™ is a Clear Roads-approved product. To get Clear Roads approval, anti-icing and de-icing products must be at least 70% less corrosive than rock salt brine. Clear Roads-approved products are proven to be the safest alternatives available when it comes to interacting with people, wildlife, the environment, vehicles and infrastructure.
 - What is Clear Roads and why is it important?
 In North America, Clear Roads conducts independent testing of winter roads maintenance products to help clarify complexities in the market and ensure that products are safe and meet the required standards for widespread use.
 Clear Roads is an independent group with a mission to "serve the traveling public by evaluating and establishing specifications for products used in winter


text:
DC Transfer Standard
This DC Transfer will furnish a variety of precision voltages with specific voltage outputs of 1.000, (1.018 + Delta E), (1.019 + Delta E), 10.000 and Delta E Volts.
This unit consists of 4 identical reference supplies that can be interconnected in a variety of ways to furnish output voltages.
It may be used as a 1volt, or 10volt standard output, electronic standard cell, or 0 to 1000µv standard source and a standard cell comparator.
It has a transfer accuracy of 2ppm between standard cells, 3ppm between standard cell and 1V output and 5ppm between standard cell and 10V output.
Shorted and open outputs are included
Consists of 4 identical reference supplies
Furnish output voltages by interconnecting reference supplies
Transfer accuracy of 2ppm between standard cells
3ppm between standard cell and 1V output
5ppm between standard cell and 10V output
Instrument type: DC Transfer Standard
Transfer accuracy: 2ppm
Voltage outputs: 1.000 to ∆ EVolts

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Plant bluebonnets now for a spring surprise
Published 10:12 am, Wednesday, September 12, 2012
Is it really bluebonnet planting time in Texas? It really depends on how, when and where do you plan to plant the bluebonnets?
In years past, wildflower enthusiasts purchased bluebonnet seeds and cast them onto a planting site. They looked forward to the beauty the bluebonnets will surely bring in the spring. Unfortunately this technique quite often results in failure.
The more practical gardeners who want to be assured of successfully planting bluebonnets can eliminate this seed-caviar from the bird diet. Rather than casting seed to the wind, rake seed into the soil. Bluebonnet seeds must have soil-seed contact before they will grow. To increase your chance of success and by following a few simple steps, you can reliably produce a spectacular bluebonnet planting.
First, you will use scarified seed. The seed coat of scarified seeds is penetrated by soaking the seeds in acid. Scarified seed will germinate within 10 days after absorbing moisture. Bluebonnet seedlings need periodic water and nourishment as any other flower or vegetable seedling. The water and nourishment provided are critical during the early stages-- especially if hot, dry temperatures continue into late September and early October.
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Even though these native plants survive without our help, there is no question that they will do even better with a little helping hand. Provide a little complete fertilizer at the rate of two pounds per 100 square feet of planting area, and stand back and watch them grow.
Bluebonnets must be planted in a well-drained location which receives at least 8 to 10 hours of direct sunlight daily. Most bluebonnet planting failures are caused by planting them in the shade and too much water. Ideally, keep plants moist but never continuously wet. "Too wet" will equal death!
Colors are the next decision. As far as I'm concerned Bluebonnets should be blue but Bluebonnets are now available in both seed and transplants in the colors of blue, white and maroon.
For small plantings or in containers you might want to try bluebonnet transplants. Be careful not to bury it too deep. You will notice that all the leaves of the plant arise from a central crown-like structure. The crown should not be buried.
A spring display of our wonderful state flower starts now. Don't delay, plant Bluebonnets now for a truly Texan experience.
For more gardening information check out my website at: _URL_ or send your gardening questions to "Ask the Plant Doctor" at: _URL_ .


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Welcome to Anagrammer Crossword Genius! Keep reading below to see if spinose is an answer to any crossword puzzle or word game (Scrabble, Words With Friends etc). Scroll down to see all the info we have compiled on spinose.
Searching in Crosswords...
The answer SPINOSE has 4 possible clue(s) in existing crosswords.
Searching in Word Games...
The word SPINOSE is VALID in some board games. Check SPINOSE in word games in Scrabble, Words With Friends, see scores, anagrams etc.
Searching in Dictionaries...
Definitions of spinose in various dictionaries:
adj - having spines
Bearing spines; spiny: a spinose plant.
adj - bearing or covered with thorns
Word Research / Anagrams and more...
Keep reading for additional results and analysis below.
|Possible Crossword Clues|
|One sip's disastrous -- it's spiked!|
|Thorny column containing bone|
|Circle deadheaded rose, thorny|
|Having spikes or thorns|
|Last Seen in these Crosswords & Puzzles|
|Jan 3 2017 The Telegraph - Toughie|
|Aug 18 2013 The Telegraph - General Knowledge|
|May 18 2010 The Telegraph - Toughie|
|May 23 2007 The Telegraph - Cryptic|
|Spinose might refer to|
In plant morphology, Thorns, spines, and prickles, and in general spinose structures (sometimes called spinose teeth or spinose apical processes), are hard, rigid extensions or modifications of leaves, roots, stems or buds with sharp, stiff ends, and generally serve the same function: physically deterring animals from eating the plant material.|
* In common language the terms are used more or less interchangeably, but in botanical terms, thorns are derived from shoots (so that they may or may not be branched, they may or may not have leaves, and they may or may not arise from a bud), spines are derived from leaves (either the entire leaf or some part of the leaf that has vascular bundles inside, like the petiole or a stipule), and prickles are derived from epidermis tissue (so that they can be found anywhere on the plant and do not have vascular bundles inside).Leaf margins may also have teeth, and if those teeth are sharp, they are called spinose teeth on a spinose leaf margin (some authors consider them a kind of spine). On a leaf apex, if there is an apical process (generally an extension of the midvein), and if it is especially sharp, stiff, and spine-like, it may be referred to as spinose or as a pungent apical process (again, some authors call them a kind of spine). When the leaf epidermis is covered with very long, stiff trichomes (more correctly called bristles in this case; for some authors a kind of prickle), it may be referred to as a hispid vestiture; if the trichomes are stinging trichomes, it may be called a urent vestiture.There can be found also spines or spinose structures derived from roots.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Is Being A Chemist Dangerous?
Is being a chemist dangerous?
Although chemists are trained in proper precautions, the chemicals they handle can still be hazardous to their health.
"Nature" magazine reported in 2006 that explosions and accidental poisonings in chemistry labs have resulted in serious injuries such as blindness and even in death..
Is being a chemist worth it?
You can make a reasonably good living being a chemist. I found, as do many professionals, that a degree proves to management that you are intelligent enough to train. … If you have the intelligence to get a degree in chemistry, then you have the basis, the foundation, for an interesting career.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of being endothermic?
Being endothermic allows us to live in cooler areas and regulate our body temperatures to fight off infection (think of the fever you get fighting off the flu). The downside, though, is that regulating body temperature is energetically costly, and warm-blooded animals need more food than cold-blooded ones.
What are the top 5 Chemistry careers?
What is chemistry in your own words?
Chemistry is the study of matter, its properties, how and why substances combine or separate to form other substances, and how substances interact with energy. … Chemistry is one of the physical sciences that help us to describe and explain our world.
Do chemists make good money?
What are the disadvantages of chemistry?
List of Disadvantages of Chemical EnergyIt can be harmful to the environment. … It comes with a high cost. … It can produce radioactive waste. … It is non-renewable. … It is not good for human health.
What are the benefits of being a chemist?
Chemists usually receive benefits that include paid holidays and vacations, health insurance, and retirement plans.
Is there a demand for chemists?
Prospects. The number of people working as Chemists (in their main job) fell over 5 years: … Industries: Most work in Manufacturing; Professional, Scientific and Technical Services; and Retail Trade. Full-time: Most work full-time (83%, much higher than the average of 66%).


connected to the WiFi network you intend to share. This ensures a smooth sharing process.
Friend's Contact Information:
Your friend should be listed as a contact in your address book, and their contact information must include the email associated with their Apple ID. This is crucial for the sharing mechanism to work seamlessly.
WiFi Sharing Steps:
Assuming all the prerequisites are met, follow these straightforward steps to share your WiFi password:
Unlock Your iPhone:
Make sure your iPhone is unlocked and connected to the WiFi network you wish to share.
See also How do I uninstall Google from my Android Phone?
Ask Your Friend to Connect:
Request your friend to go to Settings on their iPhone, navigate to the WiFi section, and select the desired network. At this point, their iPhone should prompt them for the WiFi password.
Share Password:
On your iPhone, a prompt will appear to share the WiFi password with your friend. Click on the 'Share Password' button. This initiates the sharing process via AirDrop, and your friend's iPhone will automatically receive the password.
Connection Confirmation:
Once the password is shared, your friend's iPhone will display a message confirming the connection. Your friend is now successfully connected to the same WiFi network without needing to know the password.
By following these steps, you've not only made the connection process seamless but also maintained the confidentiality of your WiFi password.
Alternative Method: Using a QR Code
In case your friend doesn't use an iPhone or has an older iOS version, an alternative method involves creating a QR code to share your WiFi password. Here's how:
Prepare a QR Code:
Visit the QiFi website from your iPhone, enter your WiFi network name and password, and click on the 'Generate' button. This generates a QR code representing your WiFi credentials.
Display QR Code to Friend:
When your friend needs to connect, show them the QR code on your iPhone. Regardless of their phone type, they can use their camera to scan the QR code. This automatically recognizes the WiFi credentials and connects them without manual password input.
Conclusion:
Sharing your WiFi password on iPhone has never been simpler. By keeping both iPhones updated, ensuring the proper settings, and following the steps outlined in this guide, you can effortlessly extend your hospitality to friends and guests.
See also How to turn off iPhone Flashlight
Whether using the direct sharing method or the QR code alternative, the process is user-friendly and secures your WiFi network. Embrace the ease of sharing and enjoy a connected and hospitable environment for everyone.
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How to Improve iPhone Battery Life with iOS 17
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How to Improve iPhone Battery Life with iOS 17
How to Improve iPhone Battery Life :

One of the common grievances among iPhone users revolves around the device's battery life. Many users find that their iPhones don't hold a charge as well as other high-end smartphones. While the capacity of the phone's components may contribute to this issue, there are adjustments and tricks within the iPhone settings that can help extend battery life.
In this detailed guide, we will explore various strategies for improving iPhone battery life, specifically focusing on iOS 17.
Optimizing Screen Features:
One of the prominent features impacting battery life is the always-on screen, particularly on newer devices. To address this, users can disable the always-on screen feature by navigating to Settings, selecting 'Display and Brightness,' and deactivating it.
This adjustment can significantly reduce battery drainage, especially for those who don't find this feature essential.
Managing Screen Brightness:
Another factor affecting battery life is screen brightness. Excessive brightness can lead to faster battery depletion. To address this, ensure that the iPhone's automatic screen brightness adjustment feature is activated. Users can access this setting by going to 'Settings,' selecting 'Display and Brightness,' and enabling the 'Auto-Brightness' option.
By allowing the phone to adjust brightness based on ambient lighting conditions, users can extend battery life considerably.
Addressing Haptic Feedback:
The haptic feedback of the keyboard, also known as the haptic keyboard, can contribute to unnecessary energy consumption. To conserve energy, users can disable this feature by accessing the iPhone settings. Navigate to 'Settings,' choose 'Sounds and Vibrations,' then proceed to 'Keyboard Feedback.' Here, users can disable the 'Vibration' option, minimizing the battery impact of haptic feedback.
See also What are the Best Free VPNs 2024
Background App Refresh:
One significant feature that can drain battery life is Background App Refresh. While this feature ensures that apps are updated in the background, it can be a resource-intensive process. Users can manage Background App Refresh by going to 'Settings,' selecting 'General,' and choosing 'Background App Refresh.' Here, users can either disable the feature entirely or customize it for specific apps, optimizing battery performance.
App Notifications:
Constant app notifications can contribute to battery drain. Users can conserve battery life by managing app notifications. Navigate to 'Settings,' select 'Notifications,' and review and adjust notification settings for each app. Disabling unnecessary notifications can help minimize background activities and preserve battery power.
Location Services:
Location services, while useful, can significantly impact battery life. Users can manage location services by going to 'Settings,' selecting 'Privacy,' and choosing 'Location Services.' Here, users can either disable location services entirely or customize settings for individual apps. Turning off location services for non-essential apps can lead to substantial energy savings.
Updates and Background Activities:
Ensuring that the iPhone is running the latest iOS version is crucial for optimal battery performance. Apple frequently releases updates that include bug fixes and optimizations. Additionally, keeping apps updated can address potential performance issues that may impact battery life. Users can check for updates in 'Settings' under the 'General' section.
Manage Widgets:
Widgets on the iPhone's home screen can provide quick access to information but may consume unnecessary power if not managed efficiently. Users can customize and remove widgets by entering 'Edit Home Screen' mode. Removing widgets that are not frequently used can contribute to improved battery efficiency.
See also Best VPN for iPhone
Limit Background Processes:
iOS 17 provides users with the ability to limit the number of background processes running on the device. To manage this, go to 'Settings,' select 'General,' and choose 'Background App Management.' Here, users can set limitations on background processes, ensuring that only essential activities are running when the device is not in use.
Optimize Mail Settings:
Fetching emails frequently can contribute to battery drain. Users can optimize mail settings by going to 'Settings,' selecting 'Mail,' and choosing 'Accounts.' Here, users can adjust the frequency of mail fetching or switch to manual fetching for non-essential accounts, conserving battery power.
Conclusion:
Improving iPhone battery life with iOS 17 involves a combination of adjusting settings, managing features, and adopting efficient practices. By following the detailed tips outlined in this guide, users can optimize their iPhone's battery performance and enjoy extended usage between charges.
Whether it's fine-tuning screen settings, managing app activities, or staying up-to-date with software updates, these strategies empower users to make the most out of their iPhone's battery life. Incorporate these practices into your routine, and experience a more efficient and long-lasting iPhone battery performance with iOS 17.
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The National Museum of Mathematics in Manhattan opened this month. Despite its seven-word nomenclature, its management team is forecasting that the new cultural center receives its fair share of attention from the city's eclectic urbanites.
The elevator-floor index assigns "0" to the lobby and "-1" to the basement. If this does not pique your curiosity to tackle some algebraic word problems, there are other brain-expanding puzzles, math toys, and DVDs of lectures called Math Encounters to pull you in to the mindset.
The museum, which is less than a mile from Penn Station, is the only math-centric museum in North America.
Italy, Spain, and South Korea all have math museums. Germany alone has four. The United States has plenty of science museums, and some of them have a bit of math, such as Ben Franklin's Magic Square puzzles at the Franklin Institute. But why no U.S. museum focused solely on math?

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Hydrogen Liquefaction System
The hydrogen liquefaction system achieves
industry-leading liquefaction efficiency(*).
The hydrogen liquefaction system has achieved industry-leading efficiency by repeatedly optimizing the components based on the liquefaction process developed independently.
The expansion turbine, which has been developped in-house, works by hydrogen gas bearings. The hydrogen gas bearings can prevent the liquefaction process from contaminations, and provide easy maintenance because of non-contact bearing.
* Liquefaction efficiency means necessary electric power consumption to produce 1 kilogram of liquefied hydrogen
The hydrogen liquefaction system is a necessary technology in order to build a hydrogen supply chain. Hydrogen is shrunk to 1/800th than its original gas volume by hydrogen liqeufaction. It achieves mass storage and effective transportation of hydrogen. Rated production of this system is 5 tons of liquefied hydrogen per day (equivalent to the fuels for 1000 of FCVs)


text:
I used generalized linear mixed models (with the
glmmADMB package) to identify environmental factors related to parasite abundance in rodents. I used stepwise backward elimination to sequentially simplify the full model until only significant factors and interaction terms remained (Crawley, 2007). However, when I checked the final model's summary, one of the factors is no longer significant (
p = 0.087). However, in the ANOVA tests that led to the final model, this variable (temperature) is significant:
Final model's summary:
Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|) (Intercept) 3.131658 0.213630 15.33 < 2e-16 temperature -0.004019 0._PHONE_ -1.71 0.08673.
Model 1: parasites ~ age + vegetation + synchrony Model 2: parasites ~ temperature + age + vegetation + synchrony NoPar LogLik Df Deviance Pr(>Chi) 1 7 -550.75 2 8 -546.81 1 7.898 **0.004949**
My questions are which significance value should I report? Does this mean that temperature is not important? I've seen manuscripts that report values from final's model summary but also some that report significance values from model comparisons, which one is correct?


text:
- What is the best antibacterial soap for body odor?
- Does soap have to be antibacterial to kill germs?
- Is Dove antibacterial bar soap?
- Does foaming hand soap kill germs?
- What is a natural antibacterial soap?
- What is the number 1 antibacterial soap?
- What can you use instead of antibacterial soap?
- What's the difference between antibacterial soap and regular soap?
- Is antibacterial soap good?
- What brand of soap is antibacterial?
- Are all Dial soaps antibacterial?
- How do you permanently get rid of body odor?
- Is antimicrobial soap better than antibacterial?
- What is the best antibacterial body soap?
- Is it OK to wash your body with antibacterial soap?
- Is all body soap antibacterial?
- Do hospitals use antibacterial soap?
What is the best antibacterial soap for body odor?
Best Antibacterial Soap for Body Odor in 2020Cetaphil Deep Cleansing Face & Body Bar.
Remedy Natural Tea Tree Oil Soap Bar.
Safeguard Antibacterial Beige Bar Soap.
One with Nature Dead Sea Minerals Lemon Sage Soap.
Charcoal Facewash Bar Soap.
Defense Soap 4 Ounce Bar.
Neoprosene Antibacterial Soap.More items…•.
Does soap have to be antibacterial to kill germs?
Antibacterial soaps are no more effective than plain soap and water for killing disease-causing germs outside of health care settings. There is no evidence that antibacterial soaps are more effective than plain soap for preventing infection under most circumstances in the home or in public places.
Is Dove antibacterial bar soap?
Does this soap have antibacterial properties? BEST ANSWER: The Dove White bar does not have any anti-bacterial properties. Dove does not currently manufacture an anti-bacterial beauty bar.
Does foaming hand soap kill germs?
Foam soaps may be a bit more fun to dispense than liquids, but that doesn't mean they kill germs better. … After using foam soap, the amount of bacteria went from a 3.6 to a 2.6 on average, which wasn't statistically significant. The liquid soap, on the other hand, led to a dramatic decline of 3.8 to 1.2.
What is a natural antibacterial soap?
Neem soap is a powerful ally in the fight against bad bacteria, flu and cold germs. This naturally antibacterial soap also has strong antiviral properties and a high vitamin E content to help protect against dry skin.
What is the number 1 antibacterial soap?
Cons#Product1Cetaphil Deep Cleansing Face & Body Bar for All Skin Types, 3 CountBuy on Amazon2Cetaphil Gentle Cleansing Bar for Dry/Sensitive Skin 4.50 Ounce (Packs of 6)Buy on Amazon3Cetaphil Gentle Cleansing Bar, Hypoallergenic, 4.5 OunceBuy on AmazonOct 6, 2020
What can you use instead of antibacterial soap?
Make yourself a body scrub and use it once a week in place of soap. Coconut oil is a good choice for your scrub, it's naturally antibacterial and wonder skin cleanser. If you're scrubbing your face, make sure you use very gentle, fine grains and don't apply too much pressure.
What's the difference between antibacterial soap and regular soap?
They found no difference between the two soaps. … While regular soap works by mechanically removing germs from your hands, antibacterial soap contains chemicals that can kill bacteria or inhibit their growth. And apparently that old wash-off-the-germs method works just as well as the kill-them-on-contact approach.
Is antibacterial soap good?
According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), there isn't enough science to show that over-the-counter (OTC) antibacterial soaps are better at preventing illness than washing with plain soap and water. To date, the benefits of using antibacterial hand soap haven't been proven.
What brand of soap is antibacterial?
Antibacterial SoapsMedicationsPercentage of Pharmacists' VotesDial20%Cetaphil15%Softsoap5%Phisoderm4%6 more rows
Are all Dial soaps antibacterial?
no they are not all antibacterial but this one is the best option.
How do you permanently get rid of body odor?
But you can do a few things to make body odor go away.Keep Yourself Squeaky Clean. … Use Antibacterial Soap. … Towel Off Well. … Use 'Industrial Strength' Antiperspirants. … Keep Your Clothes Clean. … Cut Out or Cut Back On Certain Foods or Drinks.
Is antimicrobial soap better than antibacterial?
Antimicrobial Technologies: Antimicrobial technologies minimise the presence of bacteria, mold, and fungi. * In contrast to antibacterial agents, antimicrobial substances offer a greater level of product protection by continuously inhibiting the growth of microbes on surfaces for very long periods of time.
What is the best antibacterial body soap?
10 Best Antibacterial Body WashesDettol Antibacterial Body Wash pH-Balanced. … Natural Riches Antifungal Tea Tree Oil Body Wash. … Kennedy SPORT Hair & Body Cleanser for Athletes. … Dial Gold Hydrating Body Wash. … Stellar Naturals Antifungal Tea Tree Oil Body Wash. … Derma-nu Antifungal Antibacterial Body Wash. … FieldWorks Organic All Natural Body Wash.More items…•
Is it OK to wash your body with antibacterial soap?
Antibacterial soaps are no more effective than regular soap and water for killing disease-causing germs. Regular soap tends to be less expensive than antibacterial soap and hand sanitizers. Regular soap won't kill healthy bacteria on the skin's surface.
Is all body soap antibacterial?
Most regular liquid hand and body soaps contain chemicals, such as alcohol or chlorine, that can kill bacteria. Soaps that are labeled "antibacterial " contain additional bacteria-killing chemicals such as triclosan or triclocarban. … It turns out, triclosan may not be needed to get rid of bacteria on the skin.
Do hospitals use antibacterial soap?
What is a hospital antibacterial soap? It is one of the cleaning products that are used by consumers and staff at hospitals that have antibacterial chemical agents that cam kill bacteria, but they do not kill viruses. Triclosan is a common ingredient on most liquid, hand and body soaps.


AAAI Publications, Thirty-Second AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence
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Kernel Cross-Correlator
Chen Wang, Le Zhang, Lihua Xie, Junsong Yuan
Last modified: 2018-04-29
Cross-correlator plays a significant role in many visual perception tasks, such as object detection and tracking. Beyond the linear cross-correlator, this paper proposes a kernel cross-correlator (KCC) that breaks traditional limitations. First, by introducing the kernel trick, the KCC extends the linear cross-correlation to non-linear space, which is more robust to signal noises and distortions. Second, the connection to the existing works shows that KCC provides a unified solution for correlation filters. Third, KCC is applicable to any kernel function and is not limited to circulant structure on training data, thus it is able to predict affine transformations with customized properties. Last, by leveraging the fast Fourier transform (FFT), KCC eliminates direct calculation of kernel vectors, thus achieves better performance yet still with a reasonable computational cost. Comprehensive experiments on visual tracking and human activity recognition using wearable devices demonstrate its robustness, flexibility, and efficiency. The source codes of both experiments are released at
cross-correlator; correlation filter; visual tracking; template matching
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The cable profiles for post-tensioning of concrete beams are usually designed as parabolic curves based on the eccentricity of the midpoint of the duct to the neutral axis of the beam. The end points and the midpoint of a duct are very important and sensitive. Hence, the sensitivity of these influence points is being studied and the most sensitive point(s) is being found out.
The method of computational analysis (matrix method) using STAAD.Pro has been taken into account to find out the sensitivity. The sensitivity has been observed by repositioning the points by 25mm from the standard cable profile in both directions at a time. The tensile and compressive stresses and deflections are then observed in six different locations of each span of the beam and the sensitivity is calculated. The results of different points are then compared to find out the most sensitive point.
The test has been done for four different beam profiles i.e. single-span, two-span, three-span and five-span beam considering a combination of self-weight, live load and post-tension load. This study provides the knowledge of sensitive points of the cable profile of the post-tensioning of concrete beams so that the care can be taken during construction.
K.K. Pathak, Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, Rounak De and Sayak Roy, undergraduate students of Department of Civil Engineering, IIEST, Shibpur.
As the upward force on the beam due to post-tensioning totally depends upon the cable profile so profiling the duct(s) is a very critical job before casting a post-tensioned concrete beam and has to be done carefully and correctly. Padmarajaiah et. al. (2000) has conducted analyses on flexural strength of fibre reinforced concrete. Pathak and Sehgal (2004) conducted an analysis of a prestressed concrete beam using different cable models. Kasat and Varghese, (2012), studied prestressed concrete beams using finite element analysis. The observation of the research is the response of prestressed concrete beams due to transverse loading conditions. Bhargava et. al. (2016) have conducted analysis of single span prestressed beam using analytical, matrix and FEA method. The aim of the study is compare three most popular methods of structural analysis. The effect of pre-stressing force and eccentricity on different cable profile for a single span beam has been analyzed using ANSYS by Dixit & Khurd (2017). They found out the effect in terms of deflection of different cable profiles used in prestressed concrete. The goal of this study is to determine the most sensitive point(s) of a cable profile in terms of deflection and stress variation through a post-tensioned beam. To achieve the goal, four different beam profiles have been analyzed using computational analysis for a combination of self-weight, live load and post-tensioned load.
To find out the desired results a different sensitivity analysis has been carried out. Sensitivity analyses of tensile and compressive stresses as well as analysis of deflection of beam profiles have been carried out for different cases through structural analysis software, STAAD.Pro. Sensitivity of a parameter can be defined as the ratio of change of that parameter to the change of some other controlling parameter. Here the sensitivity of stress and deflection has been taken into account which can be given as-
Ss=∆σ / ∆e
Sd=∆δ / ∆e
Where ∆σ and ∆δ are the change in stress and deflection in concrete at different locations and ∆e is the change in eccentricity of a particular influence point.


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DigUro (Digital Urometer)
Patient vitals, such as blood pressure and heart rate, are constantly being digitally measured and monitored for nurses to record. However, urine output -- one of the most critical gauges of patient recovery -- is recorded manually and proves an error-prone, non-urgent task for nurses. How can we transform the manual, tedious, critical process into something that is automatic, easy to use, and accurate?
Our goal is to build a digital meter that measures the urine output for patients in the ICU and recovery. For our solution, it must be immediately implementable in the hospital. In other words, the product must work with the current catheter equipment and be reusable, disposable, portable, and accurate.


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EDIT: In the interest of increasing the complexity, i've added more to the challenge.
In mathematics, a vampire number (or true vampire number) is a composite natural number v, with an even number of digits n, that can be factored into two integers x and y each with n/2 digits and not both with trailing zeroes, where v contains precisely all the digits from x and from y, in any order, counting multiplicity. x and y are called the fangs.
More about Vampire Number
Pseudovampire numbers are similar to vampire numbers, except that the fangs of an n-digit pseudovampire number need not be of length n/2 digits. Pseudovampire numbers can have an odd number of digits, for example 126 = 6×21.
Accept Numbers from command line or stdin
- "1260 = 21 * 60" (smaller fang first if the number is a Vampire.)
- "1261 is not a Vampire Number." (if the number is not a Vampire number)
- "126 = 6 * 21". (if the number is a Pseudovampire number)
EDIT: If the number has multiple fangs, display it so.
x = fang1a * fang1b = fang2a * fang2b


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Spidernaut: Overcoming New Challenges
The upcoming generation of space science platforms and vehicles are too large and too fragile to launch and deploy as self-contained payloads. Constructing and maintaining these structures on orbit presents unique challenges which may be overcome by Extra-Vehicular Robotics (EVR) using gentler methods of locomotion and manipulation. New EVR robot archetypes are needed to fill this role.
An arachnid climber is a prime candidate for such operations. The multipoint stance of an arachnid's eight legs, with as many as 7 down during a step, allows simply-supported footholds that spread climbing loads more evenly across a space structure and impart no torques.
Such a system could carry large payloads, transporting structural materials across an extensive solar array or mirrors across a telescope without significant structural loading. This archetype could also exploit hybrid forms of locomotion such as routing and deploying a "web" of space tethers to cross structural spans where even light forces are unacceptable. A spider-like robot prototype, Spidernaut, under development at NASA's Johnson Space Center (JSC), forms the basis for a series of new arachnid class EVR robots.


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MTU size of VXLAN Tunnel in OpenStack Mitaka
asked 2016-09-13 06:03:38 -0500
ThomasHammann gravatar image
Dear support,
I am using OpenStack Mitaka running on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Server. As core plugin ML2 is used together with mechanism driver for Open vSwitch. Installation was done as described in "_URL_ ML2 is configured as Core Plugin, using Open vSwitch and L2Population as Mechnism Driver.
In the ML2 configuration file the mtu size values are configured as follows:
patch_mtu = 1554
segment_mtu = 1554
physical_network_mtus = vlan:1500,external:1500
When creating a physical network type vxlan (neutron net-create....) Neutron calculates the MTU size as a minimum between patch_mtu and segment MTU and finally substracting 50 bytes. The 50 bytes are based by the overhead of the Outer Ethernet Header (14 Byte), Outer IP Header (20 Byte), UDP Header (8 Byte) and VXLAN Header (8 Byte).
Explanation in ML2 configuration file:
# Maximum size of an IP packet (MTU) that can traverse the underlying physical
# network infrastructure without fragmentation when using an overlay/tunnel
# protocol. Either set this to the same value as the global_physnet_mtu value
# or use it to explicitly specify a physical network MTU value that differs
# from the default global_physnet_mtu value. (integer value)
patch_mtu = 1554
Questions:
1.) Why does Neutron not use the configured 1554 Byte MTU size in ML2 configuration file, but substracts 50 Byte, resulting in a insufficient MTU size for VXLAN Networks (in my case of 1504 Bytes)? Why is it not mentioned in the ML2 configuration file, that Neutron substracts 50 byte from the configured patch_mtu/segment_mtu value to inform users about that this important aspect? What's the idea to reduce the patch_mtu value with 50 Bytes?
2.) In case of updating the patch_mtu and segment mtu size in the ML2 configuartion file, tests show, that the new values do not have not any effect to already created networks, but are only effective in case of creating new networks.
I tried to update the already created network, but MTU size is not offered as an option. Is there any procedure, how to update the new patch_mtu/segment_mtu size from the ML2 configuration into already created networks? Restarting the cluster or any process restart does not help. Is it really required to delete and re-create phsical network to adapt an already created network tot he new values from the ml2 configuration?
Thanks a lot for support
Thomas
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Comments
where did you find this patch_mtu option? I don't see it in the source code.
darragh-oreilly gravatar imagedarragh-oreilly ( 2016-09-14 04:19:27 -0500 )edit
3 answers
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answered 2016-09-13 11:47:32 -0500
dbaxps gravatar image
updated 2016-09-13 11:50:17 -0500
Neutron-dhcp-agent should be configured to set MTU 1400 for any newly created tenant's subnet
 root@overcloud-controller-0 neutron]# cat dhcp_agent.ini | grep -v ^$|grep -v ^#
 [DEFAULT]
 ovs_use_veth = False
 interface_driver = neutron.agent.linux.interface.OVSInterfaceDriver
 resync_interval = 30
 dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
 enable_isolated_metadata = False
 enable_metadata_network = False
 dnsmasq_config_file =/etc/neutron/dnsmasq-neutron.conf
 root_helper=sudo neutron-rootwrap /etc/neutron/rootwrap.conf
 state_path=/var/lib/neutron
Next
$cat etc/neutron/dnsmasq-neutron.conf
log-facility = /var/log/neutron/dnsmasq_conf.log
log-dhcp
dhcp-option=26,1400
For private tenant's networks already created I would recreate them.
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answered 2016-09-13 14:13:34 -0500
fifi gravatar image
updated 2016-09-14 14:37:57 -0500
The additional headers added to the packets may cause the packet to exceed the maximum transmission unit, or MTU. Encapsulating a packet with VXLAN headers or any other headers related to Openstack virtual network may cause the packet size to exceed the default maximum. Connection issues caused by exceeding the MTU show themselves in strange ways; they can be seen in partial failures in connecting to instances over SSH or in a failure to transfer large payloads between instances. Consider lowering the MTU of interfaces within virtual machine instances to account for the overhead of encapsulation is a good solution to avoid weird connectivity issues. I guess this is why Openstack reduces the MTU automatically.
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answered 2016-09-14 01:12:10 -0500
ThomasHammann gravatar image
Hello together,
thanks a lot for your support. I am not using the option "dnsmasq_config_file =/etc/neutron/dnsmasq-neutron.conf" in the dhcp_agent.ini file, because the value in the "dhcp-option=26,1400" is used during Path MTU discovery protocol, where DHCP Server would like to assign an MTU value to instances, and my instances (cirros) does not consider PMTU.
Be aware, my issue in not any MTU size value on any instance or subnet, but only the MTU size of the physical network created with the neutron command "neutron net-create..........." with admin priviliges.
When I use in the ml2 file the value path_mtu=segment_mtu=1604 bytes, then Neutron reduces from that value 50 bytes, finally resulting in the expected 1554 bytes, which are required for VXLAN based Overlay Networks. Please see output "net-create ..." command executed with admin rights with path_mtu=segment_mtu=1604 bytes:
root@controller01:~# neutron net-create TENANT_NET100 --tenant-id fe55df4eac9a4f7b9460877e5c30a923 --provider:network_type vxlan --provider:segmentation_id 100 Created a new network: +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up | True | | availability_zone_hints | | | availability_zones | | | created_at | 2016-09-08T14:07:52 | | description | | | id | d2a33db5-c466-4d6e-a22a-eb1e70905007 | | ipv4_address_scope | | | ipv6_address_scope | | | mtu | 1554 | | name | TENANT_NET100 | | port_security_enabled | True | | provider:network_type | vxlan | | provider:physical_network | | | provider:segmentation_id | 100 | | router:external | False | | shared | False | | status | ACTIVE | | subnets | | | tags | | | tenant_id | fe55df4eac9a4f7b9460877e5c30a923 | | updated_at | 2016-09-08T14:07:52 | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
When I use instead of 1604 bytes the normal expected value 1554 bytes (path_mtu=segment_mtu=1604 bytes) in ml2 config, then the same output shows 1504 bytes for the physical network, which is unsufficient for VXLAN Over


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A quick tour of managing intermediate data
When a model is run, output data is created for each process in the model. Some of this output data is only created as a middle step to connect to other processes that will create the final output. The data generated from these middle steps, called intermediate data, is often (but not always) of no use once the model has finished running. You can think of intermediate data as temporary scratch data that should be deleted after the model has run. However, when you run a model from the ModelBuilder window, intermediate data is not deleted—it is up to you to delete it.
All the data variables except existing data and the final output variables are automatically marked as intermediate in a model. To determine if a data variable in a model is considered intermediate or change the status of a variable that is intermediate, right-click the variable and click Intermediate to either add or remove the check mark next to it.
To prevent the final output variables from being deleted, It is strongly recommended that you do not set the final output variable as intermediate data.
Controlling where intermediate data is written
Geoprocessing tools that create new output datasets autogenerate the name of the output dataset (as described in Using the current and scratch workspace environments). This autogenerated name includes the path to the workspace or folder containing the dataset. ModelBuilder uses this autogenerated output name for writing intermediate data. You can always override this output dataset name by entering another name and location for the output dataset, and there are ways you can specify the workspace used to construct the autogenerated output name.
When you're working in ModelBuilder, it is easy to ignore this autogenerated output name, especially for intermediate data. But there are situations where you want to control where intermediate data is written.
- You never want to write intermediate data to an ArcSDE geodatabase. This causes performance problems since you are writing temporary scratch data to an enterprise database across a local area network. It's suggested that you always use a file geodatabase (rather than a personal geodatabase or a shapefile workspace) for the scratch workspace.
- You want to avoid cluttering a working geodatabase with intermediate data. Rather, you should designate another workspace, preferably a file geodatabase, where intermediate data is written.
To control where intermediate data is written, you can do one of the following:
- Right-click all intermediate data variables and change the location where they are written. This is a poor choice, especially if you have a lot of intermediate data.
- Set the scratch workspace environment as described in Setting current and scratch workspace environments.
- Make your intermediate data managed data, as described in Making intermediate data managed data.
For an in-depth discussion of intermediate data, especially as it pertains to model tools that you are sharing or publishing to ArcGIS Server, see Managing intermediate data in shared models.


Pens (game)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Pens is a card game for two or more players. It is similar to the card game Spoons.
The players sit around a table, and a number of pens (one less than the number of players) are laid with equal spacing in the center of the table, at an equal distance from each of the players. Cards are then removed from the pack such that only one group of four of a kind per player remains. For example, if there were four players, one possible pack would be all the threes (diamonds, clubs, spades, hearts), all the kings, all the jacks and all the eights.
The pack is shuffled, and four cards are dealt to each player. No player may look at another player's cards. The game starts when one player says "1, 2, 3, pass." On 'pass,' each player passes any one of their cards, face down, to the player to their left. This process repeats until somebody has a hand of four cards of the same value, at which point they grab one of the pens in the middle of the table. The other players then do the same. The person left without a pen drops out, and the whole game repeats without that player. This continues until there is only one player remaining. That player wins the game.
If a player grabs a pen despite not having four of a kind, they lose the round. However, feinting is allowed, and if by motioning as if to grab a pen (without actually touching one) a player causes others to grab for the pens, the first to touch one loses the round.
See also[edit]


Definitions for chilblainˈtʃɪl bleɪn
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word chilblain
Random House Webster's College Dictionary
chil•blainˈtʃɪl bleɪn(n.)chilblains.
 1. an inflammation of the hands and feet caused by exposure to cold and moisture.
 Category: Pathology
 Ref: Also called pernio.
Origin of chilblain:
1540–50; chill+blain
chil′blained(adj.)
Princeton's WordNet
 1. chilblain, chilblains, pernio(noun)
 inflammation of the hands and feet caused by exposure to cold and moisture
Wiktionary
 1. chilblain(Noun)
 An itchy purple red inflammation of the skin, especially of the hands, feet and ears. It occurs when capillaries below the skin are damaged by exposure to cold weather.
Webster Dictionary
 1. Chilblain(noun)
 a blain, sore, or inflammatory swelling, produced by exposure of the feet or hands to cold, and attended by itching, pain, and sometimes ulceration
 2. Chilblain(verb)
 to produce chilblains upon
Freebase
 1. Chilblains
 Chilblains is a medical condition that occurs when a predisposed individual is exposed to cold and humidity, causing tissue damage. It is often confused with frostbite and trench foot. The cold exposure damages capillary beds in the skin, which in turn causes redness, itching, blisters, and inflammation. Chilblains can be prevented by keeping the feet and hands warm in cold weather. Chilblains can be idiopathic, but may also be a manifestation of a serious medical condition that needs to be investigated. A history of chilblains is suggestive of a connective tissue disease. Chilblains in infants, together with severe neurologic disease and unexplained fevers, can be seen in Aicardi–Goutières syndrome, a rare inherited condition.
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text:
By Mary Wilson
Planting peppers. Collecting eggs. Learning to fix tractors and farm implements.
Thanks to the new Joe Tom Armbrester (JTA) Agricultural Center, students enrolled at Alabama Institute for Deaf and Blind (AIDB) enjoy these experiences while learning life skills.
Built on 100 acres adjacent to AIDB, the JTA officially opened in September 2019. However, because of the pandemic, teachers and students haven't fully utilized the space for an entire academic year — until now.
"We cleared about 30 acres and have prioritized what is most important because there is so much potential here," said Rachel Chastain, a transition teacher at AIDB's Helen Keller School (HKS). "We started from scratch, and our students have been involved in the entire process of making this farm accessible."
Along with HKS, the center is a hub for agriculture classes at the Alabama School for the Deaf (ASD) and the Alabama School for the Blind.
The site's pristine teaching barn with its bright white siding includes a classroom and kitchen for processing produce and eggs. Laying chickens rule the roost in a pair of roomy coops. Sheep and calves graze on pasture, while raised beds and fields burst with fruits and vegetables.
"In spring 2022, we used plasticulture for the first time," Chastain said. "It has numerous agricultural benefits, but I like the plastic for my students because it creates visual contrast, and the green plants really pop. Plus, farmers in our community use this. Students will tell me about farms they've ridden past where they've seen this same kind of thing."
An anonymous donor gave $1 million to create the ag center in memory of Joe Tom Armbrester, who passed away in 2015. He was a well-known and well-respected farmer in Talladega County, and his wife, Jan, taught art at ASD for 30 years.
"Uncle Joe Tom was a lifelong learner, and I know he'd be proud of what's going on here and the technology we're implementing," said Matt Armbrester, who is starting his fourth year as JTA coordinator. "In today's society, students are so far removed from farming. We need to teach kids where their food comes from; how important agriculture is; and the science, math and technology that's behind it all."
Classes that come through JTA learn about the agricultural uses of unmanned aerial systems, or drones. Students also enjoy a robot mower that maneuvers around raised beds near the barn.
The farm allows students to practice life skills in a different environment while learning about food production.
"I had a student with Down syndrome; he hated any handwriting task in the classroom and did not want to cut with scissors," Chastain said. "But he loved being outside at the farm, so we taught him to use pruning shears. He would try writing ID tags for plants. He finally practiced those skills willingly."
Since JTA opened, Chastain said she's seen her students' quality of life improve because they're more active and more willing to eat nutritious food if they helped grow it.
"People ask me if I think my students are going to graduate and get jobs in agriculture, and the reality is that they probably aren't," she said. "But agriculture is engaging. It gets students outside. They love the animals and plants. Being at JTA helps them work on transitioning from a school environment to anywhere in a public setting, like a public park. They become more independent, and it gives them opportunities to be advocates for themselves."
Learn more about the JTA by visiting _URL_.


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Efficient Matrix Programming in C#
, 11 Dec 2002
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Fast matrix expressions evaluation, based on dynamic code generation and partial evaluation
Introduction
This article shows a technique to write clear and efficient matrix math code in C# language. The matrix operations are expressed using operator redefinition, but the code is generated dynamically, following the principle of partial evaluation. This gives a solution efficient and elegant as the one obtained by the Expression Templates in C++. This article is the prosecution of my studies in dynamic code generation and operator overloading with C# (here).
The problem
An object oriented language as C#, lets you define very elegant matrix classes, that encapsulate element access, and with the mechanism of operator overloading you can write easily:
Matrix m = new Matrix(10,5);
Matrix n = new Matrix(10,5);
Matrix r;
double d = 2;

r = m + n;
r = n*2;
The classic implementation of these classes is to create a temporary Matrix object for each sub expression, and the problem is much more evident in the following code where we generate two temporary objects.
Matrix a,b,c,r; // with m and n initialized
r = a+3*(b+c);
This approach introduces a big overhead in object based matrix code, and usually the math programmers use arrays and indices losing all the object orientation. This kind of code can be called C#Tran (from C#/Fortran) like the JavaTran coined by Veldhuizen.
double [] a, b, c, r;
for(int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)
 r[i] = a[i]+3*(b[i]+c[i]);
Solutions
A possible solution to this problem is the defered evaluation: when writing b+c we generate an object MatrixAdd that incapuslates the operation. It has overloaded operators too and we can write 3*(b+c) generating a MatrixAddMul object that evaluates the operation efficiently. This time the overhead is relative to all possible combinations of operations and the fact that if our specific expression is not covered by a deferred operation, we revert to the inefficient temporary based code.
My proposal is to use a generative programming approach: generate specialized code for specialized operations. I use the dynamic code capabilities of the .NET framework to generate on the fly the for-based code directly in IL. A compiled expression can be evaluated one time or stored for reuse into a delegate of type Evaluator.
These are examples of usage:
Vector a = new Vector(3);
Vector b = new Vector(3);
Vector r = new Vector(3);

(a+b*3).AssignTo(r)();
The IL code generated is equivalent to the following. You should notice that the n size is known at the generation moment, so the for loop has a constant value: this is the partial evaluation, because the code is specialized to specific values and the JIT can generate optimized code.
int n = a.rows();
for(int i = 0; i < <<n>>; i++)
{
 r[i] = a[i]+b[i]*3;
}
This is another example with Matrix objects:
Matrix a, b, c, r;

// evaluate directly
(a + Expr.Cos(b*c*3)).AssignTo(r)();
// store and reuse the compiled expression ...
Evaluator ev = (a + Expr.Cos(b*c*3)).AssignTo(r);

// and then evaluate
ev();
This is the equivalent code:
int n = a.rows();
int m = a.cols();
for(int i = 0; i < <<n>>; i++)
 for (int j = 0; j < <<m>>; j++)
 {
 double d = 0;
 for(int k = 0; k < <<q>>; k++)
 d += b[i,k]*q[k,j];
 r[i,j] = a[i,j]+cos(d*3);
 }
The implementation
Internally each expression is stored as a tree of objects derived from the class Expr, and assigned to an object derived from LeftExpr. We can evaluate the expression slowly, or generate dynamically the IL code, that evaluates the expression. We consider operations with vectors and two dimensional matrices but the system can be extended to more dimensions. Before generating the code we check the sizes of the matrices involved in the operations, throwing the exception SizeMismatchException when they are not correct.
An expression of class Expr has the following virtual methods:
// evaluates the expression against the two indices
float Eval(int i, int j)
// compile the expression using the context
void Compile(ILGenerator g, CompilerContext cc)
// a property to find the size of the expression
OpSize Size { get }
The LeftExpr is a specialized Expr that handles assignments:
// assign a value v to the Expression
void Assign(int i, int j, float v);
// compile the assignment (two phase compilation)
void CompileAssign(ILGenerator g, CompilerContext cc, bool post);
The hierarchy of the classes that I've defined is shown in the following image:
The class generated dynamically is more complex than the one described in the previous article, this time we have to store all the array objects, the parameter values, and the indices i, j. To analyze the generated code, set the SafeMode variable in the Compiler class before generating the first Expression, and then, at the end, generate the assembly with Compiler.Save().
SubMatrix Access
One of the features obtained with this system is the fast access to submatrices. You can evaluate expression relative to parts of a matrix, like rows, columns or the main diagonal in case of a square matrix. The access to the different parts of the matrix is efficient because of the dynamic compilation. I use also an easy to read notation (I think), based upon the Tag Class approach.
The code is now much clearer than the standard array manipulation. The following code shows some submatrix accesses and their MATLAB equivalent (remember that MATLAB uses 1-based indexing).
Matrix m;
// a row, like MATLAB m(3,:)
m[2][Matrix.All]

// a range of rows like m(3:4, :)
m[Matrix.Range(2,3)][Matrix.All]

// a column, like m(:,5)
m[Matrix.All][4]

// columns, like m(:,3:6)
m[Matrix.Range(2,5)[Matrix.All]

// a submatrix m(2:3,4:5)
m[Matrix.Range(1,2)][Matrix.Range(3,4)]

// a single element m(3,4)
m[2][3]

// the third element taking the matrix as a row vector
// there is no MATLAB equivalent because MATLAB
//uses column ordered matrices
m[2]

// some elements taking the matrix as a row vector
m[Matrix.Range(2,3)]

// the diagonal
m.Diagonal()
These operations are based on MatrixRowRef structures that stores the first array access and generates a SubMatrix object. It's a LeftExpr derived class so can be used in the assignments.
Vector v = new Vector(3);
Matrix m = new Matrix(3,5);
(v + 22).AssignTo(m[Matrix.All][2])();
Speed Considerations
The code generated by this system is as efficient as the for based code giving high speed math evaluation, but there is a little overhead during the generation phase, so this approach is effective when the expression is evaluated many times. Specifically the first expression dynamically evaluated is a little slower than the others because of the creation of the dynamic Assembly.
Conclusion
The dynamic code generation of .NET, combined with the C# custom operators, let us build elegant and efficient math expressions, that let use C# as a Math Language. Citing Jim Blinn, "we have to put as much intelligence in the class libraries as possible, to make things as easy as possible for users of those classes". The final user of this code should just know that it's fast and easy to use.
References
License
This article has no explicit license attached to it but may contain usage terms in the article text or the download files themselves. If in doubt please contact the author via the discussion board below.
A list of licenses authors might use can be found here
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About the Author
Emanuele Ruffaldi
Software Developer (Senior) Scuola Superiore S.Anna
Italy Italy
Assistant Professor in Applied Mechanics working in Virtual Reality, Robotics and having fun with Programming
You


text:
Why do some people with narcolepsy crave sweet foods?
It all started on the Narcolepsy UK forum; a member was discussing how they craved sweet things on a regular basis and wondered why. The general consensus that came back was that craving sweet things was simply your body craving a stimulant to help it stay awake; but could it really be that simple? Well of course, this being narcolepsy the answer had to be no.
To start at the beginning with orexin, as most things do with narcolepsy. We use the term orexin but it is also known as hypocretin. Two groups were studying rat brains completely independently and within weeks of each other they both discovered the same compound. One group called it orexin, from the Greek meaning appetite while the other group called it hypocretin because it is produced in the hypothalamus and has a slight similarity to secretin. (Secretin is a hormone found in the gut). In the entire brain only between 20,000 and 40,000 neurons produce orexin out of a total of perhaps 100 billion.
Orexin is something called a neurotransmitter, a chemical produced by the body; usually in the brain (but not always for instance 90% of serotonin production occurs in the intestines) that transmits a signal from the end of the neuron to the target cell. This signal tells the cell to do something and with orexin that something was thought to be wake up. However, researchers have discovered there is far more to orexin than that. Over the last four years they have found that orexin has a role to play in the regulation of arousal, appetite, production of brown fat, the ability to process risk, keeping the body at an even temperature and (through stimulation of Substance P) how you experience pain. As researchers review orexin there is little doubt that this small but crucial neurotransmitter will be found to impact on other areas as well.
So we now know that orexin stimulates the appetite, is that why people with narcolepsy crave sweet foods? Well possibly but it isn't the full answer. Orexin increases the appetite and not just the appetite for sweet foods; so while the desire to eat is increased the craving for sweet food isn't. Of course orexin levels are significantly reduced in narcolepsy so if anything the appetite should be suppressed not increased.
In people with normal orexin levels, a hormone called leptin is produced by fat cells and acts as a sort of counter balance to orexin. The more fat cells you have the more leptin is produced and leptin naturally inhibits production of orexin; so leptin is one of the ways that the body tries to control appetite and weight. Leptin is produced even if you have reduced (or no) orexin so once again the more fat you have the less hungry you should feel. Of course with no or little orexin present, leptin will have nothing to react with and so your appetite might not be as well controlled.
However there is another factor produced by the stomach called ghrelin that might hold one of the keys to the simple question asked at the start. Ghrelin is an amino acid hunger stimulating peptide that is activated by the stomach just before you start your meal and it strongly increases the desire to eat. While orexin production is reduced by leptin it is completely the reverse with ghrelin which stimulates orexin production. So is the body, sensing it is short of orexin, increasing ghrelin production in the hope of stimulating the production of orexin? It sounds plausible and could certainly be one of the explanations as to why people with narcolepsy gain weight, but, we just don't know. Many areas of narcolepsy need to be researched and this is just one of them; it's an interesting hypothesis but that is all it is for the moment and it does not answer why people with narcolepsy crave sweet foods.
Which takes us to glucose; the first paper that reported glucose could inhibit orexin production was back in 2006 (Burdakov et al. Tandem-pore K+ channels mediate inhibition of orexin neurons by glucose. Neuron. 2006; 50:711-22.). This showed that high glucose levels reduced orexin production so once again if anything, people with narcolepsy should find that their body steers them away from sweet things and not heads them to it. Then in 2011 a team at Cambridge produced a paper (Venner et al Paradoxical regulation of sugar sensing. Journal of Physiology. 2011; 589: 5701-8) confirming the 2006 results but showing it wasn't that easy. They found that while orexin neurons could be blocked by elevated glucose they could also be increased by hypoglycaemia and that not all energy-related molecules reduced orexin production; pyruvate and lactate, can stop glucose from blocking orexin neurons. Pyruvate is formed in the body from metabolic procesees and is also found in apples, cheese, beer and red wine while lactate is of course found mainly in dairy products.
So, orexin neurons only 'see' glucose changes when the levels of other energy molecules are low, whereas high energy levels can stop glucose from regulating orexin cells. That might be one of the answers as to why sugar is craved in narcolepsy; if you have a high energy uptake, as found in sweet things, it can actually stop the glucose from preventing orexin production.
Glucose sounded interesting and I decided to dig a bit further – in fact back to 1959 where I discovered the first report of a trial with narcoleptic patients and glucose. Schneider and Smith reported (Narcolepsy and Hypoglycaemia. J Ment Sci. 1959; 105: 163-70.) that patients who were given glucose in a drip promptly returned to drowsiness after administration. A very good, but small trial followed in 1994 (Bruck et al. Sleepiness after Glucose in Narcolepsy. Journal of Sleep Research. 1994; 3: 171-79) which again confirmed the Smith paper. The results showed that those with narcolepsy were not made more awake by glucose but felt more tired, went to sleep quicker and 11 out of 12 showed increased REM activity. At the time (and this was 4 years before orexin had been discovered) the findings were discussed in relation to serotonin synthesis, basal sleepiness and possible irregularities in the action of insulin.
Let's also look at hypoglycaemia, which as we have seen can increase orexin production in people without narcolepsy. What is hypoglycaemia? It's a condition that occurs when your blood sugar (glucose) is too low; blood sugar below 3.9 mmol/L is considered low and can harm you. It can occur if your body's sugar is used up too quickly or glucose is released into your bloodstream too slowly or too much insulin is released into the bloodstream. When people - any people - are hypoglycaemic not only can they feel sleepy they can crave carbohydrates such as sugar. I can find no modern paper on hypoglycaemia and narcolepsy, which is surprising but must indicate this is an area that does not interest researchers.
What does all this tell us about why people with narcolepsy often crave sweet things?
We have seen that an increase of glucose, as found in sweet, sugary drinks and snacks could be helpful to people with narcolepsy in getting to sleep; and once asleep improving your REM sleep. If you have found that sweet things help you sleep this could well become part of your night time ritual and then it's difficult to break away from. As it has worked before it almost becomes necessary in a subliminal way to do it again.
If you still have some orexin production going on, which many people with narcolepsy do, needing to eat sweet things could be your body trying to trick the orexin production areas to keep pumping the stuff out even though you are eating.
Then of course, if you have been asleep or resting for several hours and have not taken regular food or drink it could be that your blood sugar is low - you are hypoglycaemic. As this form of hypoglycaemia could again trick your body into producing orexin and every bit of orexin helps, you might even feel better, for a short time, with hypoglycaemia and so you either subliminally or deliberately reduce your food intake. When you then start to "crash" from lack of blood sugar your body craves what it needs – more glucose.
Or of course it could be what we began with; you use sweet things as stimulant to keep awake.
This small report has taken a long time to write and if I had hoped to get some concrete answers at the end of it I should have known better. This is narcolepsy after all! What I have been reminded is how many people there are out in the web, most well meaning, who try to peddle cures for narcolepsy through supplements and diets. I would love to say that some of them work and I do believe that some can help narcolepsy side effects. Several studies have shown that a diet low in carbohydrates/high in protein can help the symptoms of narcolepsy. The use of amino acids as either a supplement or through eating more egg whites and green vegetables also seems to improve the symptoms of narcolepsy. As does eating fruit in general and drinking cherry juice in particular. All of these help but none of them cure, or claim to cure narcolepsy. Perhaps to this short list we


text:
No. Motor oil is not technically flammable, that's because OSHA defines "flammable liquids" as those that ignite when they are in the presence of "an ignition source" below 199.4 degrees Fahrenheit (93 degrees Celsius). Motor oil, on the other hand, requires a much higher temperature to combust.
Can you start a fire with used engine oil?
Failure to comply with these regulations may result in fines or other penalties. The government of Alberta recognizes waste fuel and used oil burning as a safe and cost-effective alternative to recycling. Check that your heater or burner complies with all local fire and safety standards.
Is it bad to burn used motor oil?
Although re-refining used motor oil is the most environmentally beneficial recycling option, because it can be reused many times, burning the used oil for heat is an option that is both good for the environment and good for the bottom line.
Can you burn used oil?
In most cases, burning your used oil in a Lanair Waste Oil Fired Heater is perfectly legal, however, there are some scenarios where this may not be the case. * The EPA regulations in America allow on-site burning of waste oil. * NFPA #21: Oil burning equipment, allows waste oil heaters.
Is oil a good fire starter?
The answer is "OIL", not gasoline! Gasoline evaporates easily and can cause a cloud of highly flammable gas which if mixed in the right ratio with air can cause a terrible explosion. It is a bad choice to start a fire, there is a big fire which quickly goes away and often does not get the wood hot enough to kindle.
How do you put out a motor oil fire?
If a grease fire starts:
Turn off the heat source. If it's small and manageable, pour baking soda or salt on it to smother the fire. As a last resort, spray the fire with a Class B dry chemical fire extinguisher. Do not try to extinguish the fire with water.
Can you burn oil in a fire pit?
Yes waste oil can suppliment your fire. Some things to concider though. First is that waste motor oil contains many toxins that will be released into the air. Nasty emmisions even if it appears to be burning clean.
Can you burn used synthetic oil?
Used oil, of course, works very well in a waste oil heater. But a Clean Energy Heating Systems waste oil furnace will also burn new #2 heating oil, hydraulic fluid, most synthetic oils or any mixture of approved liquids.
What do you do with old motor oil?
General Public: You can take your oil to a certified collection center (CCC). Many communities have curbside recycling programs that allow you to leave your oil at the curb (properly packaged). Or you can have your oil changed by a service station that recycles the oil for you.
What oil is best for fires?
Canola oil, corn oil, olive oil — any will do. Place the wick inside the tipi you've formed out of kindling, and light it with a match. A single match should do the trick. That should be all that's required to get a good fire going.
Is coconut oil a good fire starter?
Coconut oil is incredibly efficient, and one single soaked pad stayed alight for nearly a half an hour. If you were in a true emergency situation, these would make killer tinder, and you could absolutely get a fire going with a single match or spark.
Does oil make a fire bigger?
But -depending on the type of oil, it will soon reach a temperature where it will vaporize enough that it WILL burn. … The surface of the oil off-gasses and burns, the original flammable material is now back up to temp, and soon has oxygen restored, and the whole fire gets larger; as the liquid oil spreads around.


text:
India's national timekeeper, CSIR-NPL, estimates the country's potential savings in energy consumption to be 20 million kWh a year if it follows two time zones. When someone asks you the time, you would have the same answer, whether you are in Kibithu in Arunachal Pradesh or in Ghuar Mota in the Kutch region of Gujarat. Because both the regions are unified by the Indian Standard Time or IST.,soccer team
On this day 74 years ago (September 1, 1947), the phenomenon of IST was introduced to the country as its official time. The standard time of five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time is observed throughout the country, from Kang La to Cape Comorin, and from Kibithu to Ghuar Mota — the northern, southern, eastern and western extremes of India.,casino royale quotes
2018 aflw,And this is not really a good thing. We don't say so, science does. For a good reason.
hunch means,If you were to travel across the breadth of the country, it would take you 2 days, 21 hours and 36 minutes of non-stop driving. India stretches a little less than 3,000 kilometres from east to west, spanning from 68°7'E to 97°25'E (a spread of 29° longitude), with a two-hour difference in mean solar times. Meaning that the sun rises two hours earlier in Arunachal Pradesh than in Gujarat.
Over the years, people in the north-eastern states have protested against this, demanding a separate time zone for the region. This is primarily because the sun rises and sets earlier there than the official working hours, and the states lose on the vital daylight. The sun rises as early as 4 in the morning in summers. However, the working hours for offices open at 10 in the morning. Hours of productivity down the drain, besides affecting their bodies' circadian rhythm.,fifa 18 online games free play now
ibibo rummy,This was established by India's national timekeeper — Council of Scientific & Industrial Research's National Physical Laboratory (CSIR-NPL) — which maintains the IST. Scientists at the NPL published a research article describing the necessity of two time zones. The research suggests two time zones — IST-I and IST-II, with the new one an hour ahead of the existing time zone. The new one will cover the northeast region and can be demarcated from the other time zone at what the researchers call the "chicken neck" that connects the Northeast to the rest of India.
best free slots to win real money,The research paper further establishes that India's potential savings in energy consumption could be as high as a whopping 20 million kWh a year if it follows two time zones. How? Simply by using the many daylight hours, which are now being wasted in the eastern region, and calling it a day there with the early sunset, leading to lower consumption of electricity. Besides the electricity, we would also have healthier and happier people who adhere to their circadian rhythm. Wake up and go to bed with the sun. Even now, unofficially, the tea gardens of Assam have been following 'Chaibagaan time' which is one hour ahead of the IST.
And this is not new to India. The system we followed before IST was of three time zones!,fifa esports battle betting
Before independence, the country was following the Bombay, Calcutta and Madras time zones — based on the local times for the three presidencies. The time zones were decided on the basis of longitudes and were followed by all the regions around them. Calcutta was set at Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) or Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) +05.54, making it 24 minutes ahead of the current IST. Madras was set at UTC+05:21 making it nine seconds behind the current IST. Bombay was at UTC+04:51, making it 1:19 minutes behind the current IST. The Bagan Time (or the time for the northeast) was around UTC+06:30, making it an hour ahead of the current IST.,blackjack app with real money
And this is more or less what science suggests and the Northeast demands. However, as is the case with any change, the bottleneck comes from the political quarters. Even last year when the question was posed in the Parliament, Dr Harsh Vardhan, the then Minister of Science & Technology, Health and Family Welfare and Earth Sciences responded saying, "…The matter was examined by a High-Level Committee (HLC). This committee comprising the Secretary, Department of Science and Technology, Director, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Physical Laboratory (CSIR-NPL) and Chief Secretary, Government of Tripura. The HLC after considering the issue recommended not to have two time zones for India for strategic reasons.",az alkmaar fc
free casino real money,We are not sure what the strategic reasons are, but the strategy sure isn't working for the Northeast. So, till we have two time zones, the snooze button is not an option for the seven sisters and their brother.


Data Types
Char vs Varchar
Char vs Varchar
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Signed Char vs Unsigned Char
Signed char and unsigned char are two data types used in C programming. Both unsigned and signed char are used to store characters and consists of an area of 8 bits. Unsigned characters have values between 0...
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, Volume 34, Issue 1, pp 27-38
Computerized Depression Screening and Awareness
Abstract
The DEPRESSION Awareness, Recognition andTreatment (D/ART) program under the sponsorship of theNational Institutes of Health has made consistentefforts to help educate many communities around thenation about depression. One important aspect of thiseffort includes offering free screening for depressionto the general public. Since new technology oftenpromotes curiosity and interest, a computerizeddepression screening and awareness program was created touse at fairs and other local events. Individuals whoparticipated completed a computerized version of theCenter for Epidemiological Studies Depressed Mood Scale (CES-D) and then received a one pageprintout that described the common symptoms ofdepression, a score indicative of their level ofdepressed mood, a brief explanation of the score, and atelephone number where additional information could beobtained. This paper details the construction of thecomputerized version of the CES-D including anevaluation of psychometric properties and consumersatisfaction with the program.


dod{y}{x}$, we have
$$\dod{}{x}F(y) = g(x)$$
Now, if we integrate the function on the left ($\dod{}{x}F(y)$) and the function on the right ($g(x)$) with respect to $x$, we should get the same antiderivative, up to a constant, so
$$ \int \left[\dod{}{x}F(y)\right] \dif{x} = G(x) + C$$
The antiderivative of a derivative of a function is just the function itself (up to a constant), so
$$ F(y) = G(x) + C$$ which is the result we get from doing it the "intuitive" way.
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_URL_ 3
Why eigenvectors and eigenvalues? _URL_ _URL_ Tue, 05 Mar 2013 19:08:47 +0000 _URL_ Continue reading ]]> I took linear algebra in high school, and one thing that really confused me was eigenvectors and eigenvalues. Why are they so important? I'm taking linear algebra again, and my professor made it very clear why.
Let's say we have a linear transformation $T$, and we want to find $T(\vecb{x})$. But what if transforming $\vecb{x}$ is difficult? Then, we'll say that $T(\vecb{x}) = A\vecb{x}$, where $A$ is the associated matrix, and we'll find its eigenvectors and eigenvalues, the $\vecb{v}$'s and $\lambda$'s such that $A\vecb{x} = \lambda\vecb{x}$.
If these eigenvectors happen to form a basis, then $\vecb{x}$ can be written as a linear combinations of the eigenvectors, $c_1\vecb{v}_1 + \ldots + c_n\vecb{v}_n$, and then we can plug it back into our transformation.
$$\begin{align}
T(\vecb{x}) &= A\vecb{x} \\
&= A(c_1\vecb{v}_1 + \ldots + c_n\vecb{v}_n) \\
&= c_1A\vecb{v}_1 + \ldots + c_nA\vecb{v}_n \\
&= c_1\lambda_1\vecb{v}_1 + \ldots + c_n\lambda_n\vecb{v}_n \\
\end{align}$$
Depending on the transformation we're working with, this new calculation could turn out to be a lot easier!
Update: But that's kind of clunky. Let's try to express more simply the sum
$$ T(\vecb{x}) = c_1\lambda_1\vecb{v}_1 + \ldots + c_n\lambda_n\vecb{v}_n$$
Matrices were made to deal with large sets of data, so let's define $P$ to be a matrix of eigenvectors (as column vectors) and $D$ to be a matrix of eigenvalues along the main diagonal (and zeros elsewhere):
$$
P = \begin{bmatrix}
| & & | \\
\vecb{v}_1 & \ldots & \vecb{v}_n \\
| & & | \\
\end{bmatrix} \qquad
D = \begin{bmatrix}
\lambda_1 & \\
& \ddots \\
&& \lambda_n
\end{bmatrix}$$
If we multiply the matrix $P$, the matrix $D$, and the vector $c$, notice that we get
$$
\begin{align*}
PD\vecb{c} &= \begin{bmatrix}
| & & | \\
\vecb{v}_1 & \ldots & \vecb{v}_n \\
| & & | \\
\end{bmatrix}
\begin{bmatrix}
\lambda_1 & \\
& \ddots \\
&& \lambda_n
\end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} c_1 \\ \vdots \\ c_n \end{bmatrix} \\
&= \begin{bmatrix}
| & & | \\
\vecb{v}_1 & \ldots & \vecb{v}_n \\
| & & | \\
\end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix} \lambda_1 c_1 \\ \vdots \\ \lambda_n c_n \end{bmatrix} \\
&=c_1\lambda_1\vecb{v}_1 + \ldots + c_n\lambda_n\vecb{v}_n \\
\end{align*}
$$
which is the original sum.
But we still have those $c_k$'s in there. We know that
$$
\begin{align*}
\vecb{x} &= \begin{bmatrix}
| & & | \\
\vecb{v}_1 & \ldots & \vecb{v}_n \\
| & & | \\
\end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} c_1 \\ \vdots \\ c_n \end{bmatrix} \\
&= P\vecb{c}
\end{align*}
$$
so $\vecb{c} = P^{-1}\vecb{x}$ (provided $P$ is invertible).
Cool! Since we know that $T(\vecb{x}) = PD\vecb{c}$, we have our final expression:
$$ T(\vecb{x}) = A\vecb{x} = PDP^{-1} \vecb{x} $$
This is the diagonalization of $A$, where $D$ is the diagonalized matrix and $P$ is the change-of-basis matrix. Why would we do this? Working with diagonal matrices tends to be a lot easier than working with non-diagonal matrices. Again, depending on the transformation, this new calculation could be a lot easier than simply applying the original transformation.
]]>
_URL_ 0
Beyond forces: work, kinetic energy, and potential energy _URL_ _URL_ Wed, 27 Feb 2013 01:01:52 +0000 _URL_ Continue reading ]]> I learned about stuff like the work and kinetic energy in high school, but I never really understood why theses concepts were introduced — it feels like they just fell out of the sky. That changed today in physics lecture, and I think it's so cool to understand where exactly these concepts come from.
So let's say we're working with forces in physics. If you look at some common forces, like gravity and the electromagnetic force, we see that forces tend to depend on position:
$$
\begin{gather}
\vecb{F}(\vecb{r}) = \frac{GMm}{r^2} \hatb{r} \\
\vecb{F}(\vecb{r}) = \frac{kq_1q_2}{r^2} \hatb{r}
\end{gather}
$$
But force is defined using a time derivative of velocity:
$$ \vecb{F}(t) = m\vecb{a} = m\dod{\mathbf{v}}{t} $$
This is kind of inconvenient. The definition of force depends on time, but most forces are expressed with respect to position. Meanwhile, the positions of particles tend to vary with time (i.e., they move), making things more complicated. In order to work with moving particles experiencing forces, we would need to convert all of our times into positions or vice-versa.
It turns out that there's an easier way. Someone clever decided to integrate both sides of Newton's second law along the position to get these line integrals along a path $C$:
$$\begin{align}
\int_C \vecb{F} \cdot \dif{\vecb{r}} &= m \int_C \dod{\vecb{v}}{t} \cdot \dif{\vecb{r}} \\
&= m \int_{t_1}^{t_2} \dod{\vecb{v}}{t} \cdot \vecb{v}\dif{t} \\
&=


How can I reduce TinyPilot's latency?
On a well-provisioned local network, TinyPilot achieves 100-200 milliseconds of latency on its video stream. On slower networks or across the Internet, you may experience higher latency. This article includes steps you can take to reduce TinyPilot's latency.
Why does latency increase?
To stream video, TinyPilot uses the MJPEG streaming format. This protocol achieves low latency, but it consumes significant bandwidth.
Reducing TinyPilot's bandwidth and latency
To reduce TinyPilot's bandwidth usage, you can tune its video streaming settings. From the main menu, select System > Video Settings.
Screenshot of TinyPilot navigation bar selecting Video Settings
Adjust the frames per second (FPS) and video quality settings and apply them to test the latency under the new settings. Latency will reduce as you lower the FPS and JPEG quality.
Screenshot of TinyPilot Video Settings dialog
Experiment with different settings until you've found the right balance of video quality for your network connection.


Moderate seawater acidification does not elicit long-term metabolic depression in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis
Marine organisms are exposed to increasingly acidic oceans, as a result of equilibration of surface ocean water with rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations. In this study, we examined the physiological response of Mytilus edulis from the Baltic Sea, grown for 2 months at 4 seawater pCO2 levels (39, 113, 243 and 405 Pa/385, 1,120, 2,400 and 4,000 μatm). Shell and somatic growth, calcification, oxygen consumption and excretion rates were measured in order to test the hypothesis whether exposure to elevated seawater pCO2 is causally related to metabolic depression. During the experimental period, mussel shell mass and shell-free dry mass (SFDM) increased at least by a factor of two and three, respectively. However, shell length and shell mass growth decreased linearly with increasing pCO2 by 6–20 and 10–34%, while SFDM growth was not significantly affected by hypercapnia. We observed a parabolic change in routine metabolic rates with increasing pCO2 and the highest rates (+60%) at 243 Pa. excretion rose linearly with increasing pCO2. Decreased O:N ratios at the highest seawater pCO2 indicate enhanced protein metabolism which may contribute to intracellular pH regulation. We suggest that reduced shell growth under severe acidification is not caused by (global) metabolic depression but is potentially due to synergistic effects of increased cellular energy demand and nitrogen loss.
Thomsen J. and Melzner F., in press. Moderate seawater acidification does not elicit long-term metabolic depression in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis. Marine Biology. Article (subscription required).
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Just a Usual Day at Unusual School (MegaMath)
Library Home || Full Table of Contents || Suggest a Link || Library Help
|Nancy Casey; Los Alamos National Laboratory|
|Students perform a play that takes place in a school where some of the students always lie and the rest always tell the truth. Terry, the protagonist, is trying to find out which students are which, but at the beginning, there is no way of knowing whom to believe. Can you figure out whom to believe in this play? With accompanying lesson plan and discussion questions.|
|Levels:||Elementary, Middle School (6-8), High School (9-12)|
|Resource Types:||Lesson Plans and Activities, Problems/Puzzles|
|Math Ed Topics:||Curriculum/Materials Development|
© _PHONE_ Drexel University. All rights reserved.
The Math Forum is a research and educational enterprise of the Drexel University School of Education.


text:
Scientists develop pill to lower blood alcohol content and reduce liver damage
- From: News Limited Network
- February 17, 2013
SCIENTISTS have developed a pill that could lower blood alcohol content (BAC) and reduce liver damage.
A US study on mice was published in the journal Nature Nanotechnology today.
During the study researchers intoxicated mice with alcohol, and then fed them enzymes encapsulated in a thin polymer shell.
They found that the BAC of the mice given the antidote reduced by 10.1 per cent at 45 minutes post feeding.
The BAC continued to drop by 31.8 per cent at 90 minutes and 36.8 per cent at three hours.
The control group, who did not consume the antidote, had much smaller declines in BAC.
Researchers said the pill could provide a method for preventing liver injury arising from the overconsumption of alcohol.
Authors said while, various antidotes have been developed for drug overdoses, such antidotes may not be sufficient to treat alcohol intoxication.
POLICE have defended how an alleged driver of a stolen car involved in a fatal crash could walk free from hospital despite being wanted for other matters.
A MAN allegedly bashed by police in the basement of the Surfers Paradise police station has launched legal action against the state of Queensland.
JILTED wife tried to "choke" her sporting husband's pregnant lover and threatened to "shred" her - but successfully argued she was provoked by wild texts.
EXCLUSIVE PARAMEDICS say lives at risk due to protocol that assigns jobs 30 minutes after units arrive at a hospital - whether they're ready or not.