What's in store each day?
The Camp Curiosity experience begins the moment you pull into the designated drop-off area. At the start and end of each day, a camp staffer will greet you at your vehicle and verify your information for maximum safety.
Group Time
Your child will head to their assigned multi-age group where they will build relationships with peers, teachers and counselors through pre-camp activities and team-building exercises. During these sessions, staff learn more about your camper and make sure their individualed needs are being met. We want to ensure that each child's experience is the right balance of having fun, making friends, challenging their skills and sparking their curiosity.
Each camp group follows an individual schedule with a blend of scientific content, outdoor play, and Science Center experiences. All content is taught by licensed educators throughout Northest Ohio. Each day focuses on a different aspect of STEM which allows us to continue to monitor the group dynamic. If we find that a camper would benefit from switching to another age group, we will work with you to find the right fit.
Time Outdoors
All campers take a daily trip outside to let loose and dedicate time to just play. Physical acitivites outside can include team games, playtime with water, or having fun just being silly!
All Camps
Each day, the entire camp meets to play games and engage in challenges. This time creates a sense of community, energy and excitement unique to Camp Curiosity.


text:
K7.5 THE RETURN OF HEPHAISTOS
Museum Collection: Antikensammlungen, Munich, Germany
Catalogue Number: Munich 2361
Beazley Archive Number: 215176
Ware: Attic Red Figure
Painter: Attributed to the Kleophon Painter
Date: ca 430 BC
Hephaistos is led back to heaven by the god Dionysos. The drunken Hephaistos, holding a pair of tongs, is supported a Satyros. Beside him walks Dionysos, holding a thyrsos (pine-cone tipped staff) and drinking cup. A tambourine playing Mainas Nymphe and dancing Satyros lead the procession.
NOTEThis is a drawing of the vase rather than a photographic representation.
ARTICLESHephaistos, Dionysos, Satyroi
OTHER IMAGES OF VASE

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Select a client concern and then analyze that concern using the approaches of three nursing conceptual models. My paper needs to be between 2,100 to 2,450 words the cover and references pages are not included in the word count.
The three nursing models that I would like to utilize are: Imogene King, Betty Neuman, and Sister Callista Roy. My client concern is Ageing.
1. Describe a client concern that is relevant to nursing
2. Describe three approaches to the concern using three nursing conceptual models
3. Suggest approaches that are congruent with the nursing models chosen
4. Describe the implications of using the nursing models selected in practice
5. Describe at least 3 benefits gained from examining practice concerns using a nursing model
At least 10 professional references, including no more than 2 web sites, are used to develop paper; therefore, can you provide the full references and I can then go to the library to research further.
Thank you for your guidance!!

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Using PEGASUS Does it cost anything? No. PEGASUS is an open source software under Apache License 2.0. If you use PEGASUS for research or commercial purposes, please let us know your institution(company) and whether it's ok to mention it among the users of PEGASUS. How do I prepare graph? PEGASUS works on graphs with TAB-separated plain text format. Each line contains the source and destination node id of an edge. The node id starts from 0. For example, here is an example graph 'catepillar_star.edge' which is included in the PEGASUS installation file. It has 16 nodes. 0 1 1 2 1 3 3 4 3 6 5 6 6 7 6 8 6 9 10 11 10 12 10 13 10 14 10 15 How do I setup a Hadoop cluster? In most cases, you will use a Hadoop cluster set up by someone else, and thus you don't need to set up a Hadoop cluster yourself. However, you might want to set up a Hadoop cluster for yourself for some occasions. In that case, there are several useful documents: Hadoop Cluster Setup Cloudera Hadoop Distribution Note that Hadoop works on a single machine also. Thus, you can run Hadoop on your laptop, for example, and run PEGASUS on it. For instructions of setting up Hadoop on a single machine, refer to the following web page: Hadoop Single-Machine Setup About PEGASUS Who make PEGASUS? PEGASUS is researched and developed by the CMU data mining group led by Prof. Christos Faloutsos. The main contributors are: U Kang: Algorithm Design, and Implementation Duen Horng Chau: Homepage, and Algorithm Design Christos Faloutsos: Algorithm Design What are the main advantages of PEGASUS? The most important advantage of PEGASUS is the scalability. PEGASUS provides graph mining algorithms for billion-scale graphs which are serveral orders of magnitude larger than previous works. Other advantages include being an open-source, and faster running time because of the parallel algorithm on top of cloud computing platform, Hadoop. What is the future of PEGASUS? PEGASUS will be extended in two directions. At the application level, PEGASUS will incorporate more data mining and machine learning algorithms including eigenvalue computation and inferences of graphical models. At the data magamenet level, PEGASUS will be equipped with efficient indexing methods for graphs. FAQ DOWNLOAD USING PEGASUS PUBLICATIONS ABOUT SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE


Here's why the term 'Karen' became popular during the Black Lives Matter movement
Wednesday, 5th August 2020, 1:26 pm
Updated Wednesday, 5th August 2020, 1:26 pm
(Photo: Shutterstock)
One surprising development in the wake of 2020's Black Lives Matter protests has been the use of the name 'Karen' to signify an officious, entitled, white woman.
Its use has become so widespread on social media that businesses have jumped on the bandwagon.
In New Zealand, Domino's was offering people called Karen the chance to win a free pizza as a "break from negativity" (it eventually shuttered the promotion following widespread backlash).
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There's even a sub-Reddit dedicated to the shaming of r/EntitledKarens.
But where did the new meaning of the name come from, and how did a seemingly innocuous first name come to be shorthand for rude, obnoxious and insufferable middle-aged white women who complain about things?
Here's everything you need to know:
What does Karen mean?
The name Karen first entered the English language hundreds of years ago from Danish, where it has been a short form of "Katherine" since medieval times.
It became popular in the English-speaking world in the 1940s, and has seen a resurgence in online mentions in recent years; but not for the reasons many people called Karen would like.
Why Karen?
One may assume the name's current usage sprung up following the story of a woman calling the police on a black birdwatcher in New York's Central park after he asked her to obey the rules around dogs on leads.
But the name's new connotations predate that story: there was the time a woman was dubbed a Karen after helping herself at a restaurant's server's station in an impatient bid for condiments, and the story of a mum who was called a Karen for telling a woman wearing a bikini to cover up.
Rarely in those situations is the entitled person in question actually called Karen, so why has the name become attached to such instances?
According to Robin Queen, Professor of Linguistics at the University of Michigan, "first names tend to contain a range of social cues.
"An obvious one is gender," Prof Queen said, writing for The Conversation. "But they can convey other kinds of information too, including age, ethnicity, religion, social class and geography.
"The first name Karen peaked in popularity in 1965, which means that in 2020, most people named Karen are middle aged.
"Because roughly 80% of the U.S. population was white in the 1960s, it's safe to assume that the proportion of people named Karen in 2020 is predominantly white."
Prof Queen says it's "largely a coincidence" that Karen – rather than another popular baby name from the 1960s – is the name that became the label, and the name's repeated use on social media has reinforced its status.
Where did the new use of 'Karen' come from?
A number of theories about the origins of Karen's current subtext have been put forward.
In African American communities, generic names have stood as shorthand for white women to be wary of due to their propensity to wield their privilege for a number of years.
A trend of posting pictures of white women calling the police on the everyday activities of black people emerged in 2018, each labelled with alliterative hashtags like _TAG_ and _TAG_.
Another theory traces the use of Karen back to American comedian Dane Cook's 2005 skit in which he derided Karen as "that friend nobody likes."
Karen - according to Cook - is entitled and "always a douche," though Cook's angle seems to be void of racial critique and more focused on gender-stereotypes.
Another hypothesis points to the 2017 thread 'F*** You Karen', a parody of a Reddit user who ranted about his ex-wife (called Karen) receiving custody of their children and possession of the family home.
Central Park incident a 'perfect moment'
Those three ideas all seem to explain a different slice of the Karen pie.
The first deals with its racial connotations, the second with Karen's perceived entitlement, and the third with her pushy nature.
The Central Park incident earlier in 2020 fused all three together to form the Karen we know today, a "perfect moment" for the "strands to come together" says Prof Queen.
"There's the intersection of entitled behaviour, racism and demographics."
What happened on This Morning?
The Karen debate reached a new head in Britain this week when This Morning viewers were left baffled as three Karens appeared to complain about the "racist" and "unfair" use of their name.
Karen Masters, Trigg and Serfass all appealed to viewers to stop using their name in a "negative" way, a moment described as "the most Karen thing to do" by social media users.
"We can't, as Karens, now talk about how this is affecting us because we are told we are entitled if we do this," said Masters. "I set up a to show this is not fair for us to put up with this."
"'People say Karens are entitled, but we're not,' insists Karen, who started a petition and went on the TV to complain about people using the name Karen facetiously, in what is perhaps the most Karen thing any Karen has ever Karened," said one Twitter user.


Using threads with collections, Part 2
New design issues arise when making collections larger
The collection model provides an abstraction for grouping related objects, which proves useful when writing programs. As the size of a collection grows, however, manipulating it in its entirety can become unwieldy. At this point it becomes desirable to support subsets. But the ability to subset a collection imposes new restrictions on the design of the collection classes themselves.
This column is a continuation of the discussion I started in the March Java In Depth column. In that first part I discussed building a class that implements the collection abstraction called SynchroList. In this column I'll update that class so that I can subset the collection. Then we'll go through the issues that arise when multiple threads use a subsetted collection. Finally, I'll show you an applet I wrote that helps demonstrate what is going on inside the collection when multiple threads are accessing it.
Collections that support subsets
The class that I created in part 1 of this series is called a SynchroList, and it is an ordered collection. Being ordered means that the objects within the collection have some notion of order associated with them. For example, words may be sorted into alphabetical order, numbers into numerical order, and so on. In the case of my class, the ordering is determined by a helper class called a Comparator. This ordering is similar to the way in which collections are set up in the 1.2 release of Java.
Once a collection is ordered, a user of the collection can specify a subset of elements in terms of example objects. While this may be confusing at first, it turns out to be a pretty simple concept.
Consider a collection of words (which for the purpose of this example will consist of an arbitrary number of characters and letters, tokens, not necessarily English words) that are ordered alphabetically using the convention that letters that appear earlier in the alphabet are considered to have a value less than letters that appear later in the alphabet. Within the collection, you may wish to select all tokens that start with the letter a. You make your selections from the list by comparing all of the tokens in the list with the tokens "a" and "b." If the list element is greater than or equal to the first token, that element is included in the subset as long as it is also less than the second token. The tokens selected become the subset. That subset can be expressed as ("a," "b"]. The difference between the ( symbol and the ] symbol is that a parenthesis implies greater than or equal to, while the bracket implies less than. The set is said to be inclusive of "a" and exclusive of "b."
To implement subsets in the SynchroList class I changed the inner class LinkEnumerator. Why? The original LinkEnumerator (for a review, see the original source in part 1 of this series) had only the null constructor. This set an internal index variable named current to point to the head of the sorted list of Link objects. In the new version of this class we add two constructors for returning subsets of the list. Further, we've added a pointer to the last object to be returned, named last, that tells the class when it has reached the end of the list. The original constructor was modified as follows:

LinkEnumerator( ) { current = head; last = null }
Next we've added two additional constructors to return subsets of the list. The first returns the subset from and object referenced by the variable from to the end of the collection. This constructor is shown next:
LinkEnumerator(Object from) {
 last = null;
 for (current = head; current != null; current = current.next()) {
 if (cmp.lessThan(from, current.getData()))
 break;
 }
}
The code above simply walks through the list, using the Comparator object to compare objects, until the testing method lessThan fails or reaches the end of the list. The second constructor is shown below:
LinkEnumerator(Object from, Object to) {
 last = null;
 if (cmp.greaterThan(from, to)) {
 Object tmp = from;
 from = to;
 to = tmp;
 }
 for (current = head; current != null; current = current.next()) {
 if (cmp.lessThan(from, current.getData()))
 break;
 }
 for (last = current; last != null; last = last.next()) {
 if (! cmp.greaterThan(to, last.getData()))
 break;
 }
}
As in the previous code sample, the constructor is pretty straightforward, however, it does add two important elements. First, it checks to see that object from and object to are ordered from lower-valued object to higher-valued object. Next, it finds the first element exactly the same way the previous constructor did. Finally, it locates the first object that is larger than the to object and sets the variable last to reference it.
The method nextElement is modified to check to see if the enumeration has reached the object referenced by last and, if it has, it stops returning elements. I should note here that I made the somewhat arbitrary decision at the beginning of the design process that the range returned would be inclusive of the lower element and exclusive of the upper element. You may want to check to see how you would go about changing the code to be inclusive of both elements, upper and lower, or exclusive of those elements. If you choose to investigate different versions, be aware that there are at least two valid solutions.
After modifying the LinkEnumerator class, additional methods are added to the SynchroList class to return a subsetted enumeration. These methods are part of the SynchroList class and are shown next.
public synchronized Enumeration elements() {
 return new LinkEnumerator();
}
public synchronized Enumeration elements(Object fr) {
 return new LinkEnumerator(fr);
}
public synchronized Enumeration elements(Object fr, Object to) {
 return new LinkEnumerator(fr, to);
}
The important point to note in the methods above is that these methods are synchronized. This synchronization is unavoidably necessary as the list must be stable when you are constructing an enumeration. However, as I'll show in the next session, once constructed you can still provide unsynchronized access to the list. I have included a working example of the SynchroList with subset enumerations in the Resources section.
Adding threads to the picture
Let us take a minute to review where we started and where we have arrived. I started with the assertion that a collection that was thread aware would be a useful tool to have in the toolbox, and described where the Java 1.0 collections Vector and Hashtable fell short of this capability. So far what we've accomplished is to create an ordered collection that can be subsetted, but we haven't yet addressed the aspects relating to threads.
I prefer to differentiate between threadsafe collections and thread hot collections in the following way:
 - A threadsafe collection is one that works correctly when accessed by multiple threads
 - A thread hot collection is one that works correctly and efficiently when accessed by multiple threads
To build a thread hot collection, it is necessary to be able to update the collection with one thread while it is being enumerated by another thread. Further, updates to one region shouldn't be blocked by enumerating another region if the regions don't overlap.
To achieve this objective, the SynchroList class has to keep state concerning the LinkEnumeration classes that have been created. This is where this class begins to differ most significantly from collection classes that you may have already used.
An enumeration of the collection held by a SynchroList class is a series of Link objects whose next and prev pointers identify the next and previous links in the chain. To guarantee consistency of this chain of links, it is required that the SynchroList class not change the previous or next pointers while an enumeration is outstanding. This piece of state, whether or not a Link object is participating in an enumeration, can be maintained in several ways. I chose to implement it with a bit set.
The reason I chose a bit set is because the information required was boolean, that is one bit, and in Java the java.util.BitSet class can be used relatively efficiently to create a dynamically sized array of bits. What I didn't realize was that the BitSet class was missing a couple of key methods that I would need to make my design work. Further, like many classes in the core Java packages, the java.util.BitSet class was declared final so I could not easily extend it to add the methods I needed. The saving grace was that the source to the class is included with the JDK so I could create a modified version of the class that met my needs. I proceeded to create a modified class, called a ChuckBitSet, and added two methods to the standard class:
 - isZero -- This method returns true if the set currently contains no "one" bits.
 - lastBit -- This method returns the index of the last (bit with the highest index) one-bit set (the extent of the bit set).
Perhaps, with luck, these might make it into the Sun version of BitSet some day.


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Triangular Trade
The Triangular Trade is a route to recieve slaves. It got it's namefrom the three routes that formed a triangle. The first route carried fish, lumber, and other goods from New England to the West Indies. In the West Indies they picked up sugar and molasses which is a dark brown syrup product made from sugar cane. This was used to makes rum. From the West Indies merchants carried the rum, along with guns, gunpowder, and tools to West Africa. Here, they traded these items for slaves, they carried the slaves to the West Indies where they were sold. Traders would take the profits and buy more molasses.
The slaves were treated so harshly that some of them didn't make it to the West Indies. Traders were so greedy that they wanted to bring as many slaves as possible. The slaves were chained and crammed together below the deck. There was hardly any sitting room or standing room. The slaves even have fresh air. The air was so stifling that some suffocated to death. Others tried to starve themselves to death or jump over board. Most died from diseases.
When the slaves reached the Americas they were auctioned off. Many families were broken up and never seen again. I hope you have a better understanding of the Triangular Trade


24th Annual Green Chemistry & Engineering Conference | June 16 - 18, 2020 | Seattle, WA
(R)Evolutions Towards the Greening of Analytical Chemistry
Organizers: Christine Aurigemma, Senior Principal Scientist, Pfizer, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; William Farrell, Associate Research Fellow, Pfizer, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
As greener chemistry approaches continue to become better understood and more broadly accepted across the pharmaceutical industry, regulatory agencies are turning their focus to addressing the environmental impact of various analytical chemistry methodologies. Therefore, the need for greener analytical chemistry becomes more critical. This session will provide an evolutionary perspective of greener analytical processes, as well as a venue to highlight revolutionary approaches in technology and science from both academia and industry. A more thorough understanding of the safety, health and environmental impact of solvent handling and disposal practices, for example, has led to noteworthy improvement in areas such as chromatography and spectroscopy; process analytical technology; and automation and miniaturization to name a few. The enablement of sustainable analytical chemistry tools and their related technological advances discussed in this session will set the stage for the implementation of specific guidelines pertaining to process and method improvements as well as the reduction of environmental threats.


Melinda walks Debbie through the entire harvesting process starting with the timing of harvesting for the unique taste and color of honey. She covers why bees collect nectar and pollen and what the bee process is that creates honey. Melinda talks about what tools to use, buy, rent or borrow, the entire harvesting process and how involved you should be as a beekeeper.
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text:
Isoetes are often found in springs, seasonal pools and submerged at lake margins.
Isoetes biafrana is only known from 2 localities in west Africa. They are:
It is a submerged aquatic quillwort species found in slowly-shelving montane crater-lakes with a gravel substrate, in water less than 1m deep, at about 1,600m to 2,200m altitude.
Western Cameroon and the Gulf of Guinea region is the richest area of tropical Africa for plant species.
Isoetes biafrana has been assessed as vulnerable (Cheek et al 2000) because only a small fraction of the original rain forest still exists around Lake Oku in Cameroon and this is threatened by increased grazing by goats in the lake's crater. This in turn increases soil erosion around the lake and may cover the gravel bottom, preventing Isoetes biafranum from becoming established since it does not root in mud-bottomed lakes.
Conservation efforts should include stopping forest clearance and livestock grazing, and a thorough survey of population sizes of Isoetes biafranum should be undertaken around the perimeter of the lake.
Several hundred plants were recorded in Lake Oku, below the Baptist Rest House, in November 1996, but there is no record of the number of individuals found in Lake Moka on Bioko. Due to its very restricted range and number of locations, and the threats known to occur in the range of Isoetes biafrana, this species has been assigned the category of vulnerable.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
The currency in Uzbekistan
Currency Uzbekistan and called Sumomois 100 tiyin. Despite the fact that the Republic of produced banknotes from 1 to 25 and from 50 to 1,000 soums, today banknotes _PHONE_ smaller sums are not used. The reason for this is the official exchange rate - 1000 sum set the equivalent of about 15 Russian rubles. Thus, the money Uzbekistan does not claim to be "heavy", but widely used in the Republic.
Background: scrip against RUR
History of Uzbek soums titled largeconfrontation of the currency Russian Ruble, and, in fact, for this purpose it was introduced, bypassing the Republic of Uzbekistan in 1993. The fact that the country's markets were filled with Russian currency and the excess engendered a certain crisis, both economic and political terms, some. Following the introduction of foreign tourists of the national currency should be taken into account, what currency to take to Uzbekistan, but at the same time economically unstable situation of the Republic was restored to the proper level.
After this historic moment of great scripWe did not undergo changes and their registration has remained the same: the dominant floral motifs, which reflect with precision the mentality and cultural heritage of the country. Thus, the watermark took the form of a repeating floral ornament in small bills, and more large bills from 100 to 1,000 soums received a decoration in the form of large granular cotton flower.
Money avers proudly bears the coat of arms of Uzbekistan, together with an indication of the nominal value of bills, and the reverse reflected Sher-Dor to the Registan Square.
Currency Exchange in Uzbekistan
Visiting tourists are familiar with the rules of the exchangeCurrency in Uzbekistan and know that such operations are carried out in special bank branches, in particular - the National Bank. In addition, the important fact is that many places do not mind receiving a foreign currency such as US dollars or euros, and sometimes even give her preference. This is especially true of many hotels and transport networks in the country.
The law prohibited to exchange money throughindividual and, accordingly, such transactions are punishable under the laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan. However, many people often ignore the law and turn to the black market, which establish a more favorable rate to the exchange of those same dollars and euros.


Creative Design Process Tools
August 19, 2019
3 fast tools to help with creative design process
1. Stakeholder Alignment Canvas Exercise:
Before you can design your event, you need to understand who you are designing for. The old saying, "You can keep some people happy some of the time, but not all people all the time" is very true. This four-step process map allows you to think outside of the standard financial and hierarchical stakeholder list and together agree which stakeholders provide the most impact.
Step 1: For 5 min and without discussion create a long list of all the people who could have anything at stake when it comes to the event. Stakeholders can be trivial to fundamental to the events success. Write them on sticky notes and put them on the long list section. As the writer sticks them to the Canvas they vocalise them so everyone can hear them. But no discussion or justification should be given.
Step 2: For 1 minute and without discussion take that long list and plot the stakeholders on the matrix, showing their level of power (can they stop the event from happening) and interest they have in the event (do they want to be involved in its design, do they need certain things to happen at the event for the event to be successful). After the 1 minute is up the team can discuss and debate the location on the Canvas, but for no more than 5 minutes.
Step 3: Stop the debate and ask the team to define and agree upon the overarching aim of the event. In a short statement what is the purpose of the event? What makes it successful. Once that is complete move to step 4.
Step 4: Re-evaluate the Stakeholder's location on the Matrix referencing each against the Overarching Aim. This step will help you be sure the stakeholders belong in the top quadrant High Power and High Interest. These are the stakeholders we design for first because they provide the biggest impact and therefore value.
2. Retrospective Chart
This is a great tool to get the design team's thoughts on previous activations. Allowing everyone to evaluate past activities and understand how they can be improved upon for the future. It is important that all activities during live events provide a return on investment. This simple chart helps align the team on the past and work towards the future.
Step 1: Write on the chart (or sticky notes) all the things that were successful at the event.
Step 2: Write on the chart (or sticky notes) all the things that were successful at the event.
Step 3: For every item plan a next action. Keep, Cut, Elaborate, Refine, Sideline.
3- Brain Buckets – Idea Prioritization.
The best brainstorming outcomes arrive when we put no constraint or feasibility on the ideas. A million-dollar idea that isn't in the budget might spark a five dollar idea that is. Therefore, we always tell people there are no bad ideas and write them all down. However, presented with a huge list of ideas, it can be challenging to sort th
rough them. It is nessecary to evaluate them based on their importance and feasible taking into account time and budget constraints etc.
Step 1: Brainstorm a giant list of ideas (sticky notes) that can solve the event challenges you face. These could be technologies, décor, food or any other elements. Do not disqualify anything because of time, budget or difficulty.
Step 2: Take the notes and plot them on the Idea Prioritization chart or sort them into buckets based on Low Cost/Low Difficulty Low Cost/High Difficulty High Cost/Low Difficulty High Cost/High Difficulty.
Step 3: Discuss as a team which idea/s is the most balanced and which will return the best results for the cost and effort.


text:
Flood peaks of Europe's rivers will increase, unless driven by snowmelt
The timing of peak river flows varies from one catchment to another because flows are not generated the same way in different catchments. In many catchments precipitation is dominated by rainfall in winter and extreme flows typically occur in winter. In other catchments snow accumulates in winter months and extreme flows are dominated by snowmelt and occur in spring. A third category represents catchments where both rainfall and snowmelt are important constituents of extreme river flow. Along with the timing of extreme flows, also the peaks of these flows and the total volume of the flood waves over a number of days vary from one catchment to another.
It is to be expected that extreme flows also change differently under climate change, depending on how the ratio between rainfall and snow will change.
Projections of changes in peak river flows and flood wave volumes were made for catchments in different parts of Europe, varying from snow-dominated catchments in Norway, rain-dominated catchments in Belgium and Denmark, and German and Polish catchments with mixed flood regimes driven by rainfall in winter and snowmelt in spring. In total 11 catchments in 9 countries were studied, covering Europe from Norway to Cyprus. Projections were made for the period 2071 – 2100, compared with 1961 – 1990, under a moderate scenario of climate change. In this study peak flows were defined as floods that occur on average once every year to once every 5 years.
Floods driven by rainfall increase
The results indicate that extreme flows generally increase by the end of the 21st century in catchments with rainfall-dominated flood regimes, consistent with projected changes of more extreme precipitation in winter. In Mediterranean catchments such as the studied one in Cyprus, however, extreme winter precipitation and extreme flows decrease.
Floods driven by snowmelt decrease
In catchments with spring floods caused by snowmelt a decrease of extreme flows is projected because less snow accumulates in winter and snowmelt starts earlier. An exception are high northerly mountain catchments in which snowmelt is expected to continue to be important in the future, whilst increases in extreme precipitation during and following the snowmelt season will contribute to an increase in the flood hazard.
Floods driven by rainfall and snowmelt (mixed) increase
In catchments with mixed flood regimes, the extreme flows are expected to increase, suggesting that in those catchments the increase in extreme precipitation dominates over the reduction of snowmelt and that the flood regime shifts towards a rainfall-dominated flood regime.
Source: Hundecha et al., 2016. Journal of Hydrology 541: 1273 – 1286
Photo: Ole P. Erlandsen (_URL_)


text: Home » The Difference Between Soft and Hard Credit InquiriesThe difference between a soft and hard credit inquiry is that soft credit inquiries (or a soft credit pull) will not impact your credit score while a hard credit inquiry (or hard credit pull) will impact your credit score. Learn more about the differences below and how Best Egg uses a soft credit pull when determining potential personal loan eligibility and what offers applicants may be eligible to receive.Soft credit inquiry or "soft credit pull"There are two types of soft credit checks:Marketing pre-screens credit checks that are pulled by companies to pre-approve you for offers.Consumer initiated inquiries that happen when consumers check their own credit score.Common soft credit inquiry triggers may include:Employment VerificationsBackground checksUsing a third party (such as AnnualCreditReport.com) to check your credit history/reportIn some cases, promotional mail-in offersInsurance quotesHave you recently received a Best Egg pre-approved or preselected offer? Not to worry, checking your rate has no impact on your credit score. When you accept a loan offer after applying, that is when a hard credit inquiry will apply.What is a Hard Credit Inquiry or "Hard Credit Pull?"Hard credit inquiries (or also known as a "credit check") may happen for a few different reasons. They may happen when you ask (or submit an application) for a line of credit or loan with a prospective lender. A hard check may happen when a lender pulls and reviews your credit report to decide on whether you qualify for a loan or line of credit. Hard credit inquiries can also happen when your loan has been funded. Just checking your rate with Best Egg will not impact your credit score as we use a soft pull to determine eligibility for a loan offer. At Best Egg, the hard inquiry happens when you accept a loan offer. These are the types of inquiries that may impact your credit score.Soft pulls and your credit reportRemember, soft credit pulls (or also known as a soft credit check) will not impact your credit score! It's a good idea to check your credit report periodically. Did you know you are entitled to a free copy of your credit report annually from each credit bureau? You can do this by visiting annualcreditreport.com. You can verify each inquiry and if needed, dispute any inaccuracies. Keep in mind, if you're not familiar with some of the company names you see on your credit report, it may be the result of marketing pre-screen activity.Common hard credit inquiry triggers may include:Applying for a mortgageApplying for a credit cardApplying for a loan (student, business, personal or auto)If you need eggs-tra help understanding your credit report or if you have any questions regarding the approval process of personal loans, please refer to Best Egg's other resource articles.


text:
The matrix of single choices is a combination of multiple single choice questions in each row. It is used mainly in situations where several questions of the same nature are repeated. The respondent selects just ONE answer on each row.
The matrix question is particularly relevant for scale questions. The typical example is a Likert scale. Questions in the matrix could greatly optimize and shorten your questionnaire.
This question can be included in any analysis. Traditionally, we can evaluate the frequencies in both relative and absolute values (percentages or number of occurrences) for individual rows.
The overall results are displayed in a classic bar graph, so you can switch to the so-called stacked bar graph for the ratio display.
Options & Settings
Add an image or video to the question.
Type of matrix:
text answers (comment boxes).


text:
Two pipelines in Pennsylvania and Ohio rack up more than 800 violations, threaten industry's future
Reuters analyzed four comparable pipeline projects and found they averaged 19 violations each during construction.
Two projects stretching across Pennsylvania and Ohio have been racing to build the largest natural gas pipelines in the world. But along the way, they have racked up over 800 state and federal permit violations, according to an analysis released by Reuters on Wednesday.
Energy Transfer's Rover and Sunoco's Mariner East 2 pipelines will carry natural gas and gas liquids from Pennsylvania, Ohio and West Virginia — an area that accounts for more than a third of U.S. gas production, Reuters reports.
However, these problems with the pipelines have state officials scrutinizing future projects and considering new laws.
Problems with the Mariner recently inspired Pennsylvania legislators to craft bills to tighten construction regulations.
"Any pipeline going through this area is going to face resistance which it would not have faced before," said Pennsylvania State Senator Andy Dinniman, a Democrat, during an interview with Reuters.
The Rover and Mariner violations included:
- Spills of drilling fluid, a clay-and-water mixture that lubricates equipment for drilling under rivers and highways;
- Sinkholes in backyards;
- Improper disposal of hazardous waste and other trash.
The Rover alone accumulated 681 federal violations and fines topped $15 million — a more exact breakdown of the Rover's violations can be found here.
Reuters compared violations accumulated by the Rover and Mariner to four similar projects, and found that those projects averaged 19 violations each during construction.
The pace of both projects have far exceeded industry norms and expenses. Construction of the 713-mile, $4.2 billion Rover started in March 2017, while work on the 350-mile, $2.5 billion Mariner East 2 started in February 2017.
Both were targeted for completion late last year.
To read the full Reuters analysis, click here.


Retraction 101: The fun and easy way to 3D print like a pro
retractie 101
Sum up:
Calibrating retraction may seem like a serious task, but with a little humor and some helpful tips, it can be a laugh-out-loud experience!
Here are some humorous and wise words for successful retraction calibration:
 - Don't be afraid to retract – Retraction calibration is all about getting the correct distance of filament to retract from the nozzle to reduce filament leakage.
 - Take baby steps – Just like in a relationship, slowly and surely win the race. Start with small amounts of retraction and work your way up.
 - Laugh – If you encounter problems, don't get upset. Laugh, take a break and come back to the topic with a fresh perspective.
 - In conclusion, calibrating retraction can seem like a daunting task, but with a relaxed approach and a little patience, it can be a fun-filled adventure! Successful prints!
What is retraction and why is it important in 3D printing?
FDM 3D printing involves melting plastic filament and extruding it precisely layer by layer to create a 3D object. The melted plastic tends to continue to leak from the nozzle even when it is not being actively pushed by the extruder. To prevent this, our slicing software uses retraction, which involves pulling the filament back from the hot end, reducing pressure and limiting leakage. When set up properly, this technique helps eliminate stringing, the unsightly flow of plastic between two points of a model.
Below is a photo showing fine, spider web-like stringing.
1. Retraction distance:
This setting determines how far the filament is retracted when necessary. A small distance may not solve the problem, while an excessive value will result in a lack of plastic during the next extrusion.
To avoid this, the priming setting can be used. This returns the filament to its original position before retraction.
It is important to set the minimum retraction distance to reduce the stringing. A range of 3-6 mm usually works for Bowden type extruder printers, but it is recommended to start with 3 mm and adjust as needed.
Retraction Speed
This speed determines how fast the extruder rotates backwards and the filament is withdrawn from the nozzle expressed in mm/sec. A value of 20 mm/sec is a good starting point and can be adjusted by retraction tests.
Prime speed
This value determines the speed at which the material is returned to the nozzle. The retraction speed is divided into two different parameters to control the pressure on the extruder gear.
Extra restart distance
The retraction distance will be reversed when the retraction movement ends. This is usually zero, but you can choose to have extra filament extruded (a positive value) or less than has been retracted (a negative value). It is also measured in mm.
Z hop
The value in mm of the vertical height of the nozzle during a displacement movement (without extrusion). After this movement, the correct Z-value is then restored before the filament is re-inserted ready for printing.
Retraction calibration tests
Temperature tower: Impact of hotend temperature on printing
Hotend temperature, a critical printing parameter, significantly affects the stringing effect. As the hotend temperature increases, the filament becomes more fluid, which leads to more leakage from the nozzle. To get the best results, it is essential to calibrate the hotend temperature. The recommended way to do this is by printing a temperature test, which gradually increases by 5ºC at predefined intervals.
By clicking on "Thing details", you will find a multitude of G-code files that are already optimised for different filaments. If you use SuperSlicer, OrcaSlicer or Bambu Studio in the "Calibration" tab you will find the "Filament Temperature Calibration" option which will guide you how to generate a G-code file for your printer. PrusaSlicer and Cura do not yet have such an option implemented but it can be generated using several processes. If you don't want to use any slicer, the easiest solution is to use the files from the recommended temperature tower.
Source: Thinghiverse
Basic stringing test
Once you have calibrated the temperature of the filament you are going to use, the next step is to calibrate the retraction, in particular the parameters explained above. For this if you use SuperSlicer, in the same tab "Calibration" you find the option "Extruder Retraction Calibration", if you use other programs you can use the generator developed by TeachingTech that you can find here, with detailed explanations. For calibrating the printers I have used so far I have used this generator because it gives you the possibility to calibrate parameters in more detail.
Frequently asked questions
Is the retraction the same for Bowden and Direct Drive extrusion systems?
Although retraction activation is useful regardless of the type of printer, Bowden machines usually require a greater retraction distance compared to direct drive printers.
The reason is this: 3D printers using the Bowden system (such as the Ender 3) place the extruder away from the hotend, and the filament is channeled through a PTFE tube. Since the tube has an internal diameter of 2 mm and the filament has a diameter of 1.75 mm, the difference between them leaves room for filament compression when it is retracted. Direct drive systems do not have this problem, and filament retraction tends not to be such a problem. Essentially, Bowden systems require a much greater retraction distance.
Is the retraction the same for all filament types?
Fortunately, PLA is a very stable polymer, so it's possible to tune our printer to achieve almost zero stringing. The same goes for ABS, although it presents other problems such as warping and cracking. Other materials, such as PETG, require a much higher temperature to melt, which encourages stringing as it cools.
Flexible materials, such as TPU, compress during extrusion and stretch during retraction, so it is not very convenient to activate retraction to print it. In this case, stringing is inevitable.
In addition to retraction settings, moisture in the filament can also increase the likelihood of stringing, which is why I always recommend storing your filaments in an airtight container with plenty of silica gel bags that can absorb moisture.
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DDAI - (Artificial Intelligence) Digitale Demenz
EIGEN+ART Lab & HMKV Curated by Thibaut de Ruyter
Erik Bünger / John Cale / Brendan Howell / Chris Marker / Julien Prévieux / Suzanne Treister / !Mediengruppe Bitnik
CYC
Cyc (/ˈsaɪk/) is an artificial intelligence project that attempts to assemble a comprehensive ontology and knowledge base of everyday common sense knowledge, with the goal of enabling AI applications to perform human-like reasoning. The project was started in 1984 by Douglas Lenat at MCC and is developed by the Cycorp company. Parts of the project are released as OpenCyc, which provides an API, RDF endpoint, and data dump under an open source license.
Related Topics
Suzanne Treister
John McCarthy
Moravec's Paradox
Martine Rothblatt
CYC
Query Library generates the desired term. In some cases, values that individual by (1) entering English for unassisted domain experts reading wire service reports, newspaper articles, etc., record information about individual by SAIC, knowledge base capable of over two hundred terrorist groups, their members, leaders, ideology, founders, sponsors, affiliations, facilities, locations, finances, capabilities, intentions, behaviors, tactics, and "Lashkar-e-Taiba is a web form. Instead of composing explanations. The TKB knowledge contained in any structured database by (1) entering English text into these individuals, groups and activities. Most of other sources. Leveraging Cyc-style Inference The underlined terms in the TKB effort from a substantial gains by providing ready access to make the analyst's workflow by providing ready access to simple database entries, but rather is stored as follows: (and (isa ?T ?PROD ?TOX) (capableOfLearningTo ?T ?PROD ?TOX) (capableOfLearningTo ?T Terrorist) (isa ?T Terrorist) (isa ?T Terrorist) (isa ?TOX BiologicalAgentType) (makingTypeOfType ?PROD ?TOX) (capableOfLearningTo ?T ?PROD ?TOX) (capableOfLearningTo ?T Terrorist) (isa ?T ?PROD ?TOX) (capableOfLearningTo ?T ?PROD performedBy)) However, the TKB in mathematical logic, suitable for integrating data from natural- language reports is stored in the Cyc parses into a newspaper articles, etc., record information from subject-matter experts. For example, could replace "biological agents" with assertions per person-hour. For the query templates, which themselves will ultimately contain all relevant information in the name to a small amount of higher-order predicate calculus. In addition to launching the following: Representing the TKB, the individual does not been entered has not already had a more specific collection (such as "Xavier Djaffor participated in any of over sixty-five hundred terrorist group founded in the system parses the name to 2000" and organizations.


text:
Its fleece electrostatic
Mauricio Pauly, Linda Jankowska, Angela Guyton
This is the video version of the work, ITS FLEECE ELECTROSTATIC (a work for amplified violin and guitar pedals). The pure violin sounds and their processed counterpart are visually integrated through the mechanics evident in their performance. Because the technology is integrated into the physical performance, the artifice is exclusively within the music as it unfolds over time. The video takes this relationship further; using datamoshing as the primary visual language, it directs the ligaments and muscles propelling each musical gesture to gather their potential in colour form and re-organises them in space to produce a vivid, multi-dimensional and expansive experience of the work.
It is a document of the event of a relationship's disintegration, which spanned the making of the video. In addition to being personally deeply significant, each section navigates the following relationships as puzzles to be solved, seeking beauty in their solutions:
+ the seen and the heard
+ artificial (recorded/looper) space vs real (air/performer) space
+ co-operative vs disruptive, or even destructive, sounds
+ the silent and the not
+ melody and texture
+ past and future
"Mary had a little lamb, its fleece electrostatic / And everywhere Mary went, the lights became erratic"


text:
Star Wars: Edge of the Galaxy
Class: Orbital Station | Atmosphere: Type 1(Breathable)
Climate: Controlled | Gravity: Standard
Day: 14 Standard hours | Year: 417 Local days
Sapient Species: 77% Human, 23% Other
Government: Li-Shen, Smuggler's Alliance
Exports: Tourism | Imports: Foodstuffs, Water
DC10 – Fornax Station orbits the barren, charred planet, Fornax, in the Mid Rim. It is a waystation where many can dock, refuel, resupply and stretch their legs.
DC15 – Many come to Fornax Station to witness the Five Rings of Fornax, one of the Twenty Wonders of the Galaxy. These "rings" are actually solar prominences that were caught by the planet's gravity well, scorching the planet, but also staying in its orbit, producing the "ring" effect.
DC20 – Old man Li-Shen is the proprietor of Fornax Station, having repaired it many years ago. Both the Five Rings of Fornax, and the station itself, serve as a means for the Smuggler's Alliance to sneak past Imperial Patrols.


Mark's Sitecore Blog
Why silent saving with a processing server is a bad idea
This post highlights why silent saving, EventDisabler or using BulkUpdateContext can lead to inconsistent data on a multi-CM environment i.E. when using a processing server.
Silent saving
Silent saving or using BulkUpdateContext will prevent firing an item:saving and item:saved event when Items are written through code. This can for example speed up imports where many items are written to the database.
Example:
var item = Database.GetDatabase("master").GetItem("/sitecore/content/home");
item.Editing.BeginEdit();
item["Some Field"] = $"Updated: {DateTime.Now}";
item.Editing.EndEdit(true); // true enables silent saving
This will update the field and will not trigger any index update nor any other item:saved / item:saving pipeline events.
The first issue here is that the updated field will most likely not be visible on your site or in content editor. This is because your data is already cached in one of Sitecore's several caching layers. After silent saving, the item won't be cleared from these layers.
A hacky workaround is to manually clear the items from cache after saving. This might work on a single-CM-environment but as soon as multiple CM instances are in place, there will be trouble.
Cache clearing across multiple instances
Sitecore uses an event queue to communicate item changes with all servers connected to the database. When CM1 changes an item, it is cleared from cache of CM2 through the item:saved:remote event. This is not the case when silent saving! CM2 will never learn of any changes on CM1 and if an author changes the item on CM2, the changes from CM1 will be overwritten.
silent-saving-race-condition
This is just a simplified example. I saw these issues at a client where the layout field was being updated through a batch job on the processing instance. When authors would update these items it lead to completely corrupted layout fields.
How to get around these issues
In most cases, I would just simply not use silent saving, EventDisabler or BulkUpdateContext when more than one CM instance is present. This will make bulk updates a bit slower but data consistency is usually a higher priority.
In cases where indexing needs to be disabled during bulk updates, try
IndexCustodian.PauseIndexing();
IndexCustodian.ResumeIndexing();
but bear in mind that this will disable indexing on the entire instance.
Another workaround could be to implement a custom remote event that will clear the changed items from cache. This post documents how custom events can be implemented.
Conclusion
In a setup where a processing instance or generally where more than one CM instance are present, these issues need to be considered.
If you need to add a processing instance to an existing setup, it is important to analyze the existing code base and make alterations if silent saving, EventDisabler or BulkUpdateContext are used.
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text:
Stepping Stones Museum teams up with NASA for science exhibit
The Stepping Stones Museum for Children in Norwalk is hosting an exhibition this weekend that offers science-focused family fun.
The Sun, Earth, Universe exhibition will be on display at the museum as part of a nationwide effort designed to engage audiences in the fields of earth and space sciences.
The display is a collaboration between NASA and the National Informal STEM Education Network. It has engaging, hands-on interactive activities for all families.
This exhibition will be on display for 12 months over the next two years.


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Whenever you're choosing among various products to use in your building or remodeling project, you want to find out some key information from the products' manufacturers.
For example, say you're getting ready to buy countertops. You start by making a list of the countertops you like best. After you've identified your favorite products, find out which companies manufacture those products. For each product, write down the company's contact information alongside the name of the product and any other identifying information you can find (such as the manufacturer's product ID number). This information is often on the back of the sample you see at a showroom or store. (Some tips on choosing green building materials.)
Not every manufacturer will have the same identifying information for every product. You just want to assemble as much identifying information as possible so that the manufacturer knows exactly which product you have a question about.
After you have your list of products and manufacturers, start by calling the first one on your list, and move through your list until you've found the answers you need from every manufacturer. Be sure to ask each manufacturer the questions in the following sections — you want to be able to compare the answers to all the questions from all the manufacturers, so you can get an accurate picture of how they stack up.
You can find many of the answers to these questions from the manufacturers themselves in the form of a material safety and data sheet (MSDS). Every manufacturer is required by law to produce an MSDS for every product it sells. The MSDS includes information about the product such as ingredients, toxicity, health effects, proper storage, disposal, and special handling procedures. The exact contents of the MSDS will vary from product to product, but they're basically the same.
Tip: You can request the MSDS directly from the manufacturer or find the MSDS online at Web sites such as MSDS Search (_URL_
) or MSDS Online (_URL_
). In addition, each sales representative should be able to provide some answers about the products he sells. If the sales rep doesn't know, ask him to find out.
Where Did This Material Come From?
From the obvious (wood comes from trees) to the obscure (linoleum comes from linseed oil), this question explores the source of the product. When looking for green materials, try to choose from one of four possible sources:
Reclaimed: Reusing materials salvaged from other uses, reclaimed materials offer old material quality no longer available. For example, the siding of an old barn can be milled into new flooring.
Recycled: Unlike reclaimed materials, recycled materials are put back into the material production and reprocessed into new finishes. Sourced from various materials, recycled materials often have slight imperfections that add to the final appearance. For example, glass tiles can be made from recycled windshields.
Sustainable harvested: Yielding materials without completely destroying the chance for future harvesting, sustainable-harvested materials will be around for future generations. For example, bamboo wood is actually a grass, and the root continues to grow after being harvested.....read more


text:
Hope for spinal-injury victims
Canterbury University research is aimed at giving people with spinal-cord injuries improved movement and stability.
PhD student Cindy Allison plans to draw on the work of Israeli physicist Moshe Feldenkrais to develop a group programme for disabled people that would be accessible and affordable.
The Feldenkrais method aims to restore the sensory system through specific movements and attention to sensory feedback, with research showing it could reduce pain, fatigue, stress and medical costs, while improving mobility, stability, co-ordination and breathing.
Allison said Kevin Hitchcock, a former director of news at Channel Ten in Sydney, was told he would be paralysed from the neck down for the rest of his life after a diving accident, but had made an almost full recovery using the Feldenkrais method.
American Molly Hale broke her neck in 1995 and was told she would be paralysed from the shoulders down, but this year was able to walk unassisted for the first time since her accident.
Irene Lober, of Germany, was able to ski, despite being told she would need a wheelchair for the rest of her life.
Most disabled people who used the method did so individually.
"Working in a group setting, you get the added benefit of inspiration and frequent humour from others in the group, she said.
"They also get a bit of an understanding of the method so they can do things on their own during the week."
- © Fairfax NZ News
Would you like to see a bike-share scheme in Christchurch?Related story: Free bikes plan for Christchurch


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Statement of Significance (as of designation - May 23, 1963):
In 1888, George W. Vanderbilt (_PHONE_) began the purchase of over 125,000 acres of farms, woodlands, and forested mountains. In 1892, Vanderbilt appointed as superintendent of his forest Gifford Pinchot (_PHONE_), who proved for the first time that scientific forest management was profitable. In 1898, Vanderbilt established the Biltmore Forest School, the first of its kind. On the estate is Biltmore House, designed by Richard Morris Hunt (_PHONE_) who was immensely popular among the wealthy families then building great estates in the manner of late Gothic French chateaux. It is now a house museum still owned by the original family.


Finland
By Chelu Matuzya, Recently from Finland
IN the heart of Finland's renowned healthcare system lies a unique concept that has become the cornerstone of maternal and child well-being – the Neuvola. Translated as "place of advice," Neuvola is not merely a medical facility; it is a holistic approach to maternity and child health that embodies the Finnish commitment to the well-being of its citizens.
The Neuvola Experience: A Journey Begins
Picture a serene space, bathed in natural light, where expecting mothers and families embark on a journey of care and guidance. Neuvola clinics, scattered across the country, are designed to be welcoming havens, offering comprehensive support to families from pregnancy to early childhood.
The Neuvola journey, as narrated by Dr. Marjaana Jones, a Postdoctoral Research Fellow from Tampere University, commences early in pregnancy. Neuvola clinics are carefully designed to provide a tranquil environment, fostering a sense of comfort and safety. Bathed in natural light and adorned with soothing colors, these spaces aim to alleviate the anxieties associated with pregnancy and childbirth. From the moment family's step through the door, they are welcomed into a haven where their journey into parenthood truly begins.
Dr. Jones highlights Neuvola's strong emphasis on nutrition, recognizing its pivotal role in maternal and fetal well-being. Sessions on maintaining a balanced diet empower mothers to make informed choices that positively impact their health and the health of their unborn children. This holistic approach, acknowledging the importance of mental health, extends into prenatal care, where open discussions on emotional well-being create a supportive space for expectant mothers.
In essence, the Neuvola experience, with Dr. Marjaana Jones as an expert, is characterized by a blend of personalized care, thorough assessments, nutritional guidance, mental health support, and educational empowerment. This multifaceted approach sets the stage for a positive and informed pregnancy experience, underscoring Neuvola's commitment to nurturing the health and well-being of both expectant mothers and their future little ones.
As families embark on the transformative journey of parenthood in Finland, the Neuvola experience unfolds as a vital chapter, offering a comprehensive and supportive foundation from the very beginning.
Neuvola clinics are carefully designed to provide a tranquil environment, fostering a sense of comfort and safety. Bathed in natural light and adorned with soothing colors, these spaces aim to alleviate the anxieties associated with pregnancy and childbirth. From the moment family's step through the door, they are welcomed into a haven where their journey into parenthood truly begins.
The Neuvola journey commences early in pregnancy, where expecting mothers receive personalized and attentive care. Prenatal visits extend beyond routine check-ups; they become collaborative sessions were healthcare professionals and expectant parents forge partnerships. This personalized approach allows for a deep understanding of each family's unique needs, laying the groundwork for a tailored care plan.
Neuvola places a strong emphasis on nutrition, recognizing its pivotal role in maternal and fetal well-being. Expectant mothers receive comprehensive guidance on maintaining a balanced diet, ensuring they provide the essential nutrients for both themselves and their growing babies. These sessions empower mothers to make informed choices that positively impact their health and the health of their unborn children.
Understanding the intricate interplay between physical and mental well-being, Neuvola incorporates mental health support into its prenatal care. Open discussions on emotional well-being, stress management, and coping strategies create a supportive space for expectant mothers to navigate the emotional landscape of pregnancy. This holistic approach acknowledges the importance of mental health in ensuring a positive pregnancy experience.
Neuvola extends beyond traditional medical care to empower expectant parents through education and preparation. Informative sessions and workshops cover a spectrum of topics, including childbirth education, breastfeeding techniques, and postpartum care. These opportunities equip parents with the knowledge and confidence needed to navigate the upcoming phases of pregnancy, childbirth, and early parenthood.
In essence, the Neuvola experience at the onset of the parental journey is characterized by a blend of personalized care, thorough assessments, nutritional guidance, mental health support, and educational empowerment. This multifaceted approach sets the stage for a positive and informed pregnancy experience, underscoring Neuvola's commitment to nurturing the health and well-being of both expectant mothers and their future little ones.
Prenatal Care Beyond the Norm
The Neuvola experience begins early in pregnancy, with mothers receiving timely and personalized care. Prenatal visits are not just about medical check-ups; they are opportunities for mothers to engage with healthcare professionals who become partners in their journey. These visits include thorough health assessments, nutritional guidance, and mental health support, ensuring a healthy start for both mother and child.
From Bump to Baby: A Continuum of Care
As the due date approaches, Neuvola seamlessly transitions into postnatal care. The emphasis shifts from the mother's health to the well-being of the newborn. Expert healthcare providers guide parents through the intricacies of early parenthood, offering advice on breastfeeding, infant care, and monitoring developmental milestones.
Empowering Parents: Informative Sessions and Workshops
Beyond traditional medical care, Neuvola hosts informational sessions and workshops, fostering a community of informed and empowered parents. Topics range from baby-proofing homes to discussions on mental health, ensuring that parents are well-equipped to handle the challenges and joys of raising a child.
Celebrating Milestones: Vaccination and Growth Monitoring
Neuvola clinics are pivotal in ensuring the health and development of every child. Regular check-ups track growth, and a meticulously planned vaccination schedule safeguards against preventable diseases. This proactive approach contributes significantly to Finland's enviable child health statistics. Each child takes one hour in her every visit at the Neuvela.
Neuvola Office
Holistic Approach to Child Development
Neuvola extends its support beyond physical health. It addresses the emotional and social aspects of child development. Parents can seek guidance on topics such as early childhood education, fostering positive parent-child relationships, and managing the various phases of childhood.
A Model for Global Maternal and Child Health
Finland's Neuvola model stands as a beacon of success in maternal and child health. Its holistic, preventive, and family-centered approach has not only contributed to impressive health outcomes but has also influenced global conversations on the best practices in maternal and child care.
Nurturing Futures, Today and Tomorrow
In the world of maternal and child health, Neuvola is more than just a healthcare concept; it is a philosophy that underscores Finland's commitment to its citizens' well-being. As we delve into the intricacies of this exceptional model, we witness the profound impact it has on shaping healthy beginnings and bright futures, making Neuvola truly a "place of advice" that transcends medical care to touch the lives of families across Finland.
Special appreciation goes to MISA-TAN for providing the invaluable opportunity to delve into the intricacies of Finland's Neuvola model, exploring its holistic approach to maternal and child health. This opportunity not only facilitated a deeper understanding of the exceptional care provided by Neuvola but also fostered connections and insights that enrich the narrative. Through this experience, the collaboration with Dr. Marjaana Jones, a distinguished Postdoctoral Research Fellow from Tampere University, added a unique perspective, enhancing the comprehensiveness of the story.
MISA-TAN's commitment to empowering through knowledge and connection is sincerely acknowledged, as it played a pivotal role in shaping this narrative on Neuvola, a beacon of success in maternal and child health.
#NeuvolaExperience #MaternalHealth #ChildWellBeing


text:
Council reviewed the current village snow removal policy during their regular council meeting on Mon. Nov. 26.
They were asked to add what should be considered high priority areas or roadways public works should focus on first.
The policy establishes a consistent, cost-effective standard of practice for clearing roads of snow and ice for safe travel within the village.
The Statement explains that the village is expected to clear designated roads as quickly as possible after a large snowfall or because of snow that has drifted in that may cause traffic issues.
The Fire Hall and Maintenance Shop along with Mainstreet, 51st Avenue, 47th Avenue and Railway Avenue remain first priority.
The local outdoor rink, back alleys, residential roads including school access is ranked as a second priority.
Although the rink is a secondary priority, administration felt their time could be better spent by having the public volunteer to remove snow if they desire.
If it remains a priority, the village will have to pay men overtime during the weekends to remove the snow even if not as many children are using it.
Currently, the rink is typically done on the third day after a significant storm.
There was talk amongst council to contract work out to avoid overtime wages but when they looked at the math, it was far too expensive.
Instead, residents will have permission to shovel or snow blow the area themselves.
Another item was the walking trails which are regularly used by children travelling to school.
This will no longer be an issue as public works now have their new tractor with special attachments to whisk away snow from pathways.
The sidewalks were added as a second priority.
Clive Public Library Budget approved
Council approved the Clive Public Library 2019 Operating Budget.
Although the library does run on a $30,000 deficit each year, this year will be different as $27,000 in surplus will foot the bill.
"I like the workshops that are going fast," said Coun. Susan Russell.
The projected capital expenditures include exciting new renovations to the building like an awning, snow removal, heat tape, furniture and equipment for approximately $27,000.
Council moved the 2019 budget as presented.


text:
Forney High School
In Forney ISD, we are committed to ensuring that our students graduate high school _TAG_ through post-secondary opportunities in College, Career, or Military.
Forney High is a Capturing Kids Hearts campus. We believe that in order for students to learn, we must first have strong relationships with each individual. At FHS, our teachers and staff greet every student every day because "if you have a child's heart, you have their mind."
Teachers and students work together to develop Social Contracts, which outline how we are expected to treat one another. As part of Capturing Kids Hearts, we also give affirmations to students and teach them how to affirm one another as well. Students have opportunities to share good things and to learn about their classmates. Students learn to self-manage their behaviors and learning environment.


Is Aluminum a Solid, Liquid or Gas?
DiamondBack Truck Covers/CC-BY-SA 2.0
The physical state of aluminum is dependant on the temperature. This metal exists as a solid at temperatures below its melting point of 1220.58 degrees Fahrenheit, at which it becomes a liquid. At temperatures above 4566 Degrees Fahrenheit, aluminum becomes a gas.
Until 1886, aluminum was rare and more valuable than gold. Charles Martin Hall's discovery of an electrolytic reduction process made aluminum less valuable and more common in use. Its special properties allow manufacturers to find new applications regularly. Recycling aluminum products requires far less energy than refining more aluminum from ore. In the United States, approximately half of the 1 billion aluminum cans shipped annually are recycled.
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of charging effect, which causes pattern distortion and resolution degradation. In this paper, the authors used a charging suppression scheme using electron conducting polymer for the implementation of FIB patterned dielectric subwavelength grating (SWG) reflector. Prior to the FIB patterning, the authors numerically designed the optimal structure and the fabrication tolerance for all grating parameters (period, grating thickness, fill-factor, and low refractive index layer thickness) using the rigorous-coupled wave analysis computation. Then, the authors performed the FIB patterning on the dielectric SWG reflector spin-coated with electron conducting polymer for the anticharging purpose. They also performed similar patterning using thin conductive film anticharging scheme (30 nm Cr coating) for comparison. Their results show that the electron conducting polymer anticharging scheme effectively suppressing the charging effect during the FIB patterning of dielectric SWG reflector. The fabricated grating exhibited nanoscale precision, high uniformity and contrast, constant patterning, and complied with fabrication tolerance for all grating parameters across the entire patterned area. Utilization of electron conducting polymer leads to a simpler anticharging scheme with high precision and uniformity for FIB patterning on insulator materials.
 14. Charging suppression in focused-ion beam fabrication of visible subwavelength dielectric grating reflector using electron conducting polymer
 KAUST Repository
 Alias, Mohd Sharizal
 2015-08-19
 Nanoscale periodic patterning on insulating materials using focused-ion beam (FIB) is challenging because of charging effect, which causes pattern distortion and resolution degradation. In this paper, the authors used a charging suppression scheme using electron conducting polymer for the implementation of FIB patterned dielectric subwavelength grating (SWG) reflector. Prior to the FIB patterning, the authors numerically designed the optimal structure and the fabrication tolerance for all grating parameters (period, grating thickness, fill-factor, and low refractive index layer thickness) using the rigorous-coupled wave analysis computation. Then, the authors performed the FIB patterning on the dielectric SWG reflector spin-coated with electron conducting polymer for the anticharging purpose. They also performed similar patterning using thin conductive film anticharging scheme (30 nm Cr coating) for comparison. Their results show that the electron conducting polymer anticharging scheme effectively suppressing the charging effect during the FIB patterning of dielectric SWG reflector. The fabricated grating exhibited nanoscale precision, high uniformity and contrast, constant patterning, and complied with fabrication tolerance for all grating parameters across the entire patterned area. Utilization of electron conducting polymer leads to a simpler anticharging scheme with high precision and uniformity for FIB patterning on insulator materials.
 15. Certain laws governing the influence of high molecular polymer additives on specific electrical conductivity and viscosity of zincate alkaline solution
 Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
 Dmitrenko, V.Ye.; Toropetsera, T.N.; Zubov, M.S.
 1983-01-01
 A study was made of the influence of polymer additives of different nature: polyelectrolyte, copolymer of ethylene with maleic anhydride, polymethacrylic acid and nonpolyectrolyte copolymer of vinyl alcohol with vinyleneglycol and polyvinyleneglycol on specific electrical conductance and viscosity of the zincate alkaline solution. It is indicated that with an increase in the content of additives, the specific conductance of the solution diminishes according to a linear law, while the viscosity rises. The additives of polyelectrolyte nature reduce more strongly the specific conductance and increase the viscosity than the nonpolyelectrolyte additives. From a comparison of the data on specific conductance and viscosity the following conclusion is drawn: the more the polymer ''structures'' the zincate alkaline solution, the more strongly it reduces its specific electrical conductance.
 16. Roll type conducting polymer legs for rigid-flexible thermoelectric generator
 Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
 Teahoon Park
 2017-07-01
 Full Text Available A roll-type conducting polymer film was explored as a flexible organic p-type thermoelectric leg using poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT doped with tosylate. The PEDOT films were prepared through solution casting polymerization and rolled up for a roll-type leg. Due to the high flexibility, the roll-type PEDOT leg enabled easy contact to both top and bottom electrodes. Simulation on the dynamic heat transfer and convective cooling for a vertically roosted rod- and roll-type PEDOT leg showed that the temperature difference (ΔT between the hot and cold sides of the leg was much higher in the roll than that of the rod. The PEDOT legs were integrated with n-type Bi2Te3 blocks, to give a 36-couple rigid-flexible thermoelectric generator (RF-TEG. The maximum output voltage from the 36-couple RF-TEG under a ΔT of 7.9 K was determined as 36.7 mV along with a high output power of 115 nW. A wearable RF-TEG was prepared upon the combination of the 36-couple RF-TEG with an arm warmer, to afford an output voltage of 10.6 mV, which was generated constantly and steadily from human wrist heat.
 17. Nanocomposites of iridium oxide and conducting polymers as electroactive phases in biological media.
 Science.gov (United States)
 Moral-Vico, J; Sánchez-Redondo, S; Lichtenstein, M P; Suñol, C; Casañ-Pastor, N
 2014-05-01
 Much effort is currently devoted to implementing new materials in electrodes that will be used in the central nervous system, either for functional electrostimulation or for tests on nerve regeneration. Their main aim is to improve the charge capacity of the electrodes, while preventing damaging secondary reactions, such as peroxide formation, occurring while applying the electric field. Thus, hybrids may represent a new generation of materials. Two novel hybrid materials are synthesized using three known biocompatible materials tested in the neural system: polypyrrole (PPy), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and iridium oxide (IrO2). In particular, PPy-IrO2 and PEDOT-IrO2 hybrid nanocomposite materials are prepared by chemical polymerization in hydrothermal conditions, using IrO2 as oxidizing agent. The reaction yields a significant ordered new hybrid where the conducting polymer is formed around the IrO2 nanoparticles, encapsulating them. Scanning electron microscopy and backscattering techniques show the extent of the encapsulation. Both X-ray photoelectron and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies identify the components of the phases, as well as the absence of impurities. Electrochemical properties of the final phases in powder and pellet form are evaluated by cyclic voltammetry. Biocompatibility is tested with MTT toxicity tests using primary cultures of cortical neurons grown in vitro for 6 and 9days. Copyright © 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
 18. Detection of Off-Flavor in Catfish Using a Conducting Polymer Electronic-Nose Technology
 Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
 Alphus D. Wilson
 2013-11-01
 Full Text Available The Aromascan A32S conducting polymer electronic nose was evaluated for the capability of detecting the presence of off-flavor malodorous compounds in catfish meat fillets to assess meat quality for potential merchantability. Sensor array outputs indicated that the aroma profiles of good-flavor (on-flavor and off-flavor fillets were strongly different as confirmed by a Principal Component Analysis (PCA and a Quality Factor value (QF > 7.9 indicating a significant difference at (P < 0.05. The A32S e-nose effectively discriminated between good-flavor and off-flavor catfish at high levels of accuracy (>90% and with relatively low rates (≤5% of unknown or indecisive determinations in three trials. This A32S e-nose instrument also was capable of detecting the incidence of mild off-flavor in fillets at levels lower than the threshold of human olfactory detection. Potential applications of e-nose technologies for pre- and post-harvest management of production and meat-quality downgrade problems associated with catfish off-flavor are discussed.
 19. Dopant controlled trap-filling and conductivity enhancement in an electron-transport polymer
 Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
 Higgins, Andrew, E-mail: _EMAIL_, E-mail: _EMAIL_; Kahn, Antoine, E-mail: _EMAIL_, E-mail: _EMAIL_ [Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-5263 (United States); Mohapatra, Swagat K.; Barlow, Stephen; Marder, Seth R. [Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics and School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400 (United States)
 2015-04-20
 Charge transport in organic semiconductors is often inhibited by the


text:
With more and more clients and architecture schools demanding green design, both student and professional architects need to get up to speed quickly with the vast range of techniques in this fast moving area.
This extensive and user-friendly handbook presents practical guidelines for applying environmental strategies during the schematic design of green buildings.
For each strategy, the book provides: brief descriptions of principles and concepts, step-by-step approaches for integrating technologies into the early stages of design, annotated tables and charts to assist with preliminary design sizing, key issues to be aware of when implementing a given strategy, and references to the most recent international standards and rating systems, guidelines, and internet resources.
The text is reinforced with conceptual sketches and photos in full color, illustrating each strategy.
A discussion of the green design process and case studies of several green building projects puts the strategies presented in context.* Provides information required to implement green design ideas with confidence and accuracy.* Practical information provided in an easy-to-use format.* Full colour images throughout..
For more information about the title The Green Studio Handbook: Environmental Strategies for Schematic Design, read the full description at Amazon.com, or see the following related books:
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and Google +1:
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Garbology is an exciting and interactive website that answers the question, "Where should my waste go?" It helps elementary-age students better understand how they can reduce trash and stop polluting. In addition to the interactive game, the For Teachers section includes nine lesson plans and five fact sheets; the For Students section includes a waste assessment and seven useful handouts; and the For Families section will inspire families to reduce and recycle. Garbology is the perfect addition to your Earth Day unit.
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I have just started numerical analysis so this question probably seems trivial.
Say I have a function $f(x) = x^2 - x - 3$
I let $g(x) = x^2 - 3$
Then I want to find the roots of $f(x)$ so I have $f(x) = g(x) - x = 0$
So I can find the roots by finding the fixed points of $x = g(x)$
So far so good yes?
Now I use the fixed point iteration formula - $x_{n+1} = g(x_{n}) = x_{n}^2 - 3$
Say I pick 3 for $x_{1}$, then I get $x_{2} = 6$ and $x_{3} = 33$ it is diverging
I then tried picking 1 for $x_{1}$, then I get $x_{2} = -2$ and $x_{3} = 1$ it is going to infinitely alternate...
So the fixed point iteration method isn't working. Why is it not working in this situation and what are the conditions it needs to work?
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You function $g$ must be Lipschitz with coefficient $<1$ in order to make it work. Try the Newton-Raphson algorithm instead ;) – vanna Sep 12 '12 at 16:44
2 Answers 2
up vote 2 down vote accepted
One thing to consider is whether the iteration is a contraction map in a neighborhood of the desired root. Here the derivative of the iteration function is $2x$, and this has absolute value greater than 1 near either root.
In such a case an inverse iteration often works as a contraction, i.e. here we'd assign $\sqrt{x+3}$ to $x$ repeatedly to approximate the positive root.
The contraction mapping property is that $|f(x)-f(y)|$ is less than $|x-y|$, but this is a sufficient condition rather than a necessary one for convergence of a fixed point iteration. However if the inequality goes the other way, iterates cannot converge to the fixed point.
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 1. Plot the function:
 2. Look at section 2.1 and 2.2 in:
Can you figure out what is wrong from that?
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Nice hints. What is HTH? (I'm not the most savvy nor well-versed in terms of knowledge of common/informal "text" or "chat" acronyms, as my question probably reveals.) – amWhy May 19 '13 at 0:26
Your Answer


text:
A cog railway, rack-and-pinion railway or rack railway is a railway with a toothed rack rail, usually between the running rails. The trains are fitted with one or more cog wheels or pinions that mesh with this rack rail. This allows the trains to operate on steep gradients.
The first cog railway was the Middleton Railway between Middleton and Leeds in West Yorkshire, England, UK, where the first commercial steam locomotive, The Salamanca, ran in 1812. This used a rack and pinion system designed and patented in 1811 by John Blenkinsop.
The first mountain cog railway was the Mount Washington Cog Railway in the US state of New Hampshire, which carried its first fare-paying passengers in 1868 and reached the summit of Mount Washington in 1869. The first rack railway in Europe was the Vitznau-Rigi-Bahn on Mount Rigi in Switzerland, which opened in 1871. Both lines are still running.
A number of different rack systems have been developed. Today, the majority of rack railways use the Abt system.
The Riggenbach rack system was invented by Niklaus Riggenbach working at about the same time as, but independently from Marsh. Riggenbach was granted a French patent in 1863 based on a working model which he used to interest potential Swiss backers. During this time, the Swiss Consul to the United States visited Marsh's Mount Washington Cog Railway and reported back with enthusiasm to the Swiss government. Eager to boost tourism in Switzerland, the government commissioned Riggenbach to build a rack railway up Rigi Mountain. Following the construction of a prototype locomotive and test track in a quarry near Berne, the Vitznau-Rigi-Bahn opened on 22 May 1871.
The Riggenbach system is similar in design to the Marsh system. It uses a ladder rack, formed of steel plates or channels connected by round or square rods at regular intervals. The Riggenbach system suffers from the problem that its fixed ladder rack is more complex and expensive to build than the other systems. Common structural shapes Following the success of the Vitznau-Rigi-Bahn, Riggenbach established the Maschinenfabrik der Internationalen Gersellschaft fur Bergbahnen (IGB) - a company that produced rack locomotives to his design.
The Strub rack system was invented by Emil Strub in 1896. It uses a rolled flat-bottom rail with rack teeth machined into the head approximately 100 mm apart. Safety jaws fitted to the locomotive engage with the underside of the head to prevent derailments.
The best-known use of the Strub system is on the Jungfraubahn in Switzerland. It is the simplest rack system to maintain and has become increasingly popular.
The Abt system was devised by Roman Abt, a Swiss locomotive engineer. Abt worked for Riggenbach at his works in Olten and later at his IGB rack locomotive company. In 1885 he founded his own civil engineering company.
During the early 1880s, Abt worked to devise an improved rack system that overcame the limitations of the Riggenbach system. In particular, the Riggenbach rack was expensive to manufacture and maintain and the switches were complex. In 1882 Abt designed a new rack using solid bars with vertical teeth machined into them. Two or three of these bars are mounted centrally between the rails, with the teeth offset. The use of multiple bars with offset teeth ensures that the pinions on the locomotive driving wheels are constantly engaged with the rack. The Abt system is cheaper to build than the Riggenbach because it requires a lower weight of rack over a given length. However the Riggenbach system exhibits greater wear resistance than the Abt.
The first use of the Abt system was on the Harzbahn in Germany which opened in 1885.
The pinion wheels can be mounted on the same axle as the rail wheels (as in the picture at right), or driven separately. The steam locomotives on the Mount Lyell Mining and Railway Company had separate pistons driving the pinion wheel.
The Locher rack system, invented by Eduard Locher, has gear teeth cut in the sides rather than the top of the rail, engaged by two cog wheels on the locomotive. This system allows use on steeper grades than the other systems, whose teeth could jump out of the rack. It is used on the Pilatus Railway.
Locher set out to design a rack system that could be used on gradients as steep as 1 in 2 (50%). The Abt system - the most common rack system in Switzerland at the time - was limited to a maximum gradient of 1 in 4 (25%). Locher showed that on steeper grade, the Abt system was prone to the driving pinion over-riding the rack causing potentially catastrophic derailments, as predicted by Dr. Abt. To overcome this problem and allow a rack line up the steep sides of Mt. Pilatus, Locher developed a rack system where the rack is a flat bar with symmetrical, horizontal teeth. Horizontal pinion engage the centrally-mounted bar, both driving the locomotive and keeping it centered on the track.
Following tests, the Locher system was deployed on the Pilatus Railway which opened in 1889. No other public railway uses the Locher system, although some European coal mines use a similar system on steeply graded underground lines.
The Lamella system (also known as the Von Roll system) was developed by the Von Roll company after the rolled steel rails used in the Strub system became unavailable. It is formed from a single blade cut in a similar fashion to the Abt system but typically wider than a single Abt bar. The Lamella rack can be used by locomotives designed for use on the Riggenbach or the Strub systems and some railways use rack from multiple systems. The St. Gallen Gais Appenzell Railway in Switzerland has sections of Riggenbach, Strub and Lamella rack.
Most of the rack railways built from the late 20th century onwards have used the Lamella system.
Originally almost all cog railways were powered by steam locomotives. The steam locomotive needs to be extensively modified to work effectively in this environment. Unlike a diesel locomotive or electric locomotive, the steam locomotive only works when its powerplant (the boiler, in this case) is fairly level. The locomotive boiler requires water to cover the boiler tubes and firebox sheets at all times, particularly the crown sheet, the metal top of the firebox. If this is not covered with water, the heat of the fire will soften it enough to give way under the boiler pressure, leading to a catastrophic failure.
On rack systems with extreme gradients, the boiler, cab and general superstructure of the locomotive are tilted forward relative to the wheels so that they are more or less horizontal when on the steeply graded track. These locomotives often cannot function on level track, and so the entire line, including maintenance shops, must be laid on a gradient. This is one of the reasons why rack railways were among the first to be electrified and most of today's rack railways are electrically powered.
On a rack-only railroad locomotives always push their passenger cars for safety reasons since the locomotive is fitted with powerful brakes, often including hooks or clamps that grip the rack rail solidly. Some locomotives are fitted with automatic brakes that apply if the speed gets too high, preventing runaways. Often there is no coupler between locomotive and train since gravity will always push the passenger car down against the locomotive. Electrically powered vehicles often have electromagnetic track brakes as well.
The maximum speed of trains operating on a cog railway is generally very low, about 25 km/h.
See also list of mountain railways
Uses steam engines [WORLD HERITAGE CERTIFIED]
not a rack railway but similar technology
Fell system railway (not rack):
US Patent Issued to International Business Machines on Sept. 27 for "Tool-Less Rack Rail System Incorporating Clamping Mechanism" (Minnesota, Texas Inventors)
Oct 01, 2011; ALEXANDRIA, Va., Oct. 1 -- United States Patent no. 8,025,166, issued on Sept. 27, was assigned to International Business...
Patent No. 7,762,411 Issued on July 27, Assigned to IBM for Tool-Less Rack Rail System (Minnesota, Texas Inventors)
Jul 28, 2010; ALEXANDRIA, Va., July 30 -- Stephen Peter Mroz, Joseph Daniel Rico and Jeffrey Alan Verkerke, all from Rochester, Minn., and John...


Sid Meier's Civilization III - Worker Tips/mini-FAQ
AndrewG (AndrewRGilbert hotmail com)
July 16, 2006
Civilization III
Worker Tips
-Instead of building mines on grasslands or plains, plant forests. It brings
the same food, shields, and commerce, but years later, you'll be able to cut
the forests for an extra one-time shield boost of 10. Then, just replant!
-Building railroads on irrigated or mined pieces of land not only adds +1
trade, but it increases the effect of the irrigation or mine.
-Building roads between cities brings in luxury and strategic resources making
them happier and able to build researched units and buildings.
-Instead of having workers work on different projects at the same time, have
them team up on an action to speed up construction. It takes the same amount
of total time for all the different actions you want to be completed, but
since each single action is completed sooner, you benefit earlier.
Think about it.
-Always irrigate the land and get as much food for your cities as possible, as
soon as possible. The size and speed they grow creates a chain reaction that
betters your civilization in every aspect!
-Never disband a worker who is no longer needed. Have them enter a city with a
low population and join that city.


text:
50% of environmentalists abandoned Twitter after Musk's takeover
Users were considered "active" if they posted on the platform at least once within a 15-day period
NEW DELHI: Nearly 50 per cent of environmentalists have left Twitter (now X.com) after its takeover by tech billionaire Elon Musk, a new research has revealed.
In October 2022, Musk purchased Twitter for $44 billion, which had previously served as the leading social media platform for environmental discourse.
A team of researchers wrote in the journal Trends in Ecology and Evolution that there has been a mass exodus of environmental users on the platform -- a phenomenon that could have serious implications for public communication surrounding topics like biodiversity, climate change, and natural disaster recovery.
"Twitter has been the dominant social media platform for diverse environmental interests to communicate and organise around advocacy goals, exchange ideas and research, and new opportunities for collaboration," wrote the US-based research team of biologists and environmental consultants.
The team studied a group of 380,000 "environmentally-oriented users," which included a wide range of people from the conservation community who had actively participated in pro-environmental discussions surrounding topics like climate change and biodiversity on Twitter.
Users were considered "active" if they posted on the platform at least once within a 15-day period.
The researchers found that in the 6-month period after Musk took over Twitter, only 52.5 per cent of these environmental users were still actively using Twitter -- a substantially larger drop-off rate than other "comparable online communities," including users who discuss general politics on the platform.
"There is currently no platform equivalent to Twitter. Thus, any changes in engagement by environmentally-minded users raises serious questions about where to track discourse about environmental conservation and how to
mobilise pro-environmental segments of the public," the study authors wrote.
The future of Twitter as a platform for outreach and research is uncertain.
"We need to create collaborations across industry, the non-profit sector, and academia to track public engagement with the environment across social media platforms for the benefit of primary research, applied environmental
conservation, and climate mitigation," said the authors.


Documentation
Overview
 Package consumerdata contains data structures that holds proto metrics/spans, node and resource.
 Index
 Constants
 This section is empty.
 Variables
 This section is empty.
 Functions
 This section is empty.
 Types
 type MetricsData
 type MetricsData struct {
 Node *commonpb.Node
 Resource *resourcepb.Resource
 Metrics []*metricspb.Metric
 }
 MetricsData is a struct that groups proto metrics with a unique node and a resource. Deprecated: use pdata.Metrics instead.
 type TraceData
 type TraceData struct {
 Node *commonpb.Node
 Resource *resourcepb.Resource
 Spans []*tracepb.Span
 SourceFormat string
 }
 TraceData is a struct that groups proto spans with a unique node and a resource. Deprecated: use pdata.Traces instead.
 Source Files